{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9759608507156372,"wiki_prob":0.9759608507156372,"text":"U.S., Russia make progress toward resolving diplomats spat -State Dept\nSaturday, 04 Dec 2021\nTechnology 21h ago\nRussia detains six more suspected REvil group members\nWorld 19h ago\nRussia strikes tough, pessimistic line on chances for talks with U.S\nFILE PHOTO: Vehicles drive past the embassy of the U.S. in Moscow, Russia August 21, 2017. REUTERS/Grigory Dukor//File Photo\nWASHINGTON (Reuters) - The United States and Russia have made progress toward resolving a stand-off over staffing at their respective embassies, resulting in Washington ending a policy that allowed family members of embassy staff in Moscow to leave Russia, a State Department spokesperson said on Friday.\nThe progress, first reported by the Washington Post, came during a meeting with Russian officials in Vienna by a U.S. delegation led by Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian affairs Christopher Robinson.\nThe policy known as authorized departure had been implemented by the U.S. embassy in Moscow in August to allow family members to leave the country voluntary, amid a diplomatic row between the two nations over how long diplomats can remain at their bilateral missions.\nFollowing the Vienna meeting, authorized departure has been ended, a State Department spokesperson said in an email on Friday. \"These are ongoing issues, which we continue to engage on. We have made progress in recent days on bilateral issues and hope to continue to move in that direction.\"\nThe tussle over diplomats comes as tensions are heightened over what Washington and its allies say are provocative troop movements by Russia near its border with Ukraine.\nRussia said on Wednesday it was ordering U.S. Embassy staff who have been in Moscow for more than three years to fly home by Jan. 31, a retaliatory move for a U.S. decision to limit the terms of Russian diplomats.\nThe step came after Russia's ambassador to the United States said last week that 27 Russian diplomats and their families were being expelled from the United States and would leave on Jan. 30. Washington said the diplomats were not expelled but had been in the country for longer than a new three-year limit.\n\"We need to have open channels of communication particularly during times of heightened tension. A functioning Embassy is critical to diplomacy and why we continue the hard work of addressing this issue,\" the State Department spokesperson added.\n(Reporting by Simon Lewis)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line552198"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9873961210250854,"wiki_prob":0.9873961210250854,"text":"Mercy Me to make stop at Evansville's Ford Center\nNathan Cohran was playing guitar and singing in a band in his Missouri hometown when a friend called to say a band he was in was looking for a bass player.\n\"I said, 'I think I know how to do that,' and hopped in a car with Robby (Shaffer), drove to Texas and never came back,\" the Mercy Me bassist said. \"There was a need and I filled it. All these years later, here I am, still playing bass.\"\nThat decision is one Cochran has never regretted as he's spent the last 23 years with the contemporary Christian band making a stop at the Ford Center Oct. 12.\nThe group will be leaning heavily on their new album, \"Lifer,\" released at the end of March but will play their older hits as well including, \"I Can Only Imagine,\" which helped their debut album reach double platinum status. Other classics include “Flawless” and “Greater.”\nMore:Fiesta Evansville to celebrate Evansville's growing diversity\nMore:Avenged Sevenfold to perform at Ford Center\nMore:No cars but plenty of slithering on Southern Illinois' \"Snake Road\"\n\"We want to welcome people to our new stuff,\" Cochran said. \"We're having too much fun to backtrack. We want to keep moving forward with our new stuff, of course still playing the older stuff people want to hear.\"\nThe band's never shied away from being honest about why they are writing thing things they are writing about.\n\"For the band, our life has always revolved around and been consumed with our relationship with Christ,\" Cochran said. \"We want to be honest with fans that sometimes we are writing about great things and other times writing about how we deal with tragedies or things we don’t understand or enjoy. We've actually written about that quite a bit -- 'I Can Only Imagine' was about wondering about loss. There are songs about being homesick, written specifically after losing a loved one -- we are honest and real about that.\"\nBut don't expect the band to have the answers. Like everyone else, Cochran says they are all trying to figure it out too.\n\"That's a rare form of piety everyone needs to see,\" he said. \"We are trying to be honest about it. And people have responded to that over the years. Our songs mean a lot to a lot of people. That’s rare today as so often people listen to music to be entertained. Our songs have a deep meaning for people; we take that seriously. We don't want to take that flippantly.\"\nWhile they take their responsibility to their fans seriously, Cochran said that family wins every time for the band when it comes to finding balance, it has to, he said.\n\"We've tried to be smart about what we do as a band,\" he said. \"Four years ago we cut our shows in half. We used to do anywhere from 130 to170 a year; now we do 60 to 70 a year. Our families are growing, our kids are getting older. We didn't want to be absent husbands and fathers. It's been the best decision I've ever made.\"\nBand members have 16 kids, five of them Cochran's ranging from 15 to 1 1/2. His older sons have toured with him in the past, but he joked if all the kids came along they'd need three other busses on tour.\n\"They love coming out; they don't know any different since they've grown up doing this,\" Cochran said.\nIn many ways, he doesn't know any different either.\n\"I've been doing this, being a part of Mercy Me, longer than I haven't been, which is weird,\" Cochran joked. \"But its still exciting. I still love it. There's always something -- anew record, new tour, something we are new and excited about.\n\"But standing in front of an audience showcasing something that meant something truly deep to us, even night after night, never gets old. If there comes a day where I feel like what I'm doing, the songs I'm writing aren't connecting and don't mean something to people anymore then I'll stop.\"\nThe sacrifice, Cochran explained, isn't worth it if he isn't impacting audiences.\n\"Evansville's show is going to be a fun one,\" he said. \"We had a blast getting songs ready over the course of the year for this tour. I'm feeling settled in with everything. It'll be a great show and people can expect a great time.\"\nWhat: Mercy Me\nWhen: 7 p.m. Oct. 12\nWhere: Ford Center, tickets start at $23 with additional fees.Avaialble at all Ticketmaster locations and the Ford Center box office.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line61052"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5178080797195435,"wiki_prob":0.48219192028045654,"text":"In the coming decades, India's economic growth, if it wants to maintain the current level of development, will have to deal with the shortage of trained people, as reported by the Wall Street Journal. The solution, says a recent study by the Center for Work Life Policy in New York, is to be found in the thing that the Country (most of the time) tends to overlook and overshadow: the female potential.\nEach year, about five million Indian instructed women enter into the world of work, but the problem is to make sure that them remain into, because of gender discrimination and traditional family culture. A survey about 1000 women showed that 51% of them have given up their jobs after marriage and 52% once them have children.\nPromote education and female employment will have a catalytic effect in all fields of development and will lead to raise the female figure giving dignity and respect. The Indian government is encouraging these types of intervention, the goal is to promote an active role of women, through the work as an instrument of social emancipation.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line851286"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7780852317810059,"wiki_prob":0.7780852317810059,"text":"South Bay News\nNorth County News\nSan Diego News\nEast County News\nPodcast: Today's Headlines\nQuick links... South Bay News North County News San Diego News East County News Podcast: Today's Headlines\nActivists rally to support the U.S. Postal Service\nMatt Rourke/AP\nIn this Wednesday, May 6, 2020, photo, United States Postal Service carrier Henrietta Dixon gets into her truck to deliver mail in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)\nSAN DIEGO (CNS) - A coalition of activists led by MoveOn.org held a \"day of action\" Saturday aimed at saving the U.S. Postal system, with nearly 700 nationwide rallies -- including many in the San Diego area.\nThe rallies were held outside various postal facilities.\n\"... we will show up at local post offices across the country for \"Save the Post Office Saturday\" to save the post office from (President Donald) Trump and declare that Postmaster General Louis DeJoy must resign,\" said a statement on the MoveOn.org website.\nSan Diego County rallies included Oceanside, Carlsbad, Vista, Encinitas, Pacific Beach, Ocean Beach, Hillcrest, Normal Heights, Carmel Mountain, Lakeside, University City, College Grove, Otay Mesa, San Ysidro, El Cajon and Escondido.\nDeJoy, who became postmaster general June 16, has been accused of tampering with the nation's postal service by banning overtime, removing mail sorting equipment and prohibiting extra trips by postal workers to collect mail and parcels that arrive later in the day under the auspices of cutting costs.\nThe U.S. Postal Service lost $8.8 billion in the 2019 fiscal year, more than twice the amount of the previous year, and DeJoy has said the changes are necessary to save money.\nCritics have said the changes have slowed mail delivery at a time when more people are relying on the service amid the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, and to vote by mail ahead of the Nov. 3 election.\nDeJoy attempted to defend his leadership during a hearing Friday before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee and said operational changes would be put on hold until after the election. He also vowed post offices will be able to handle mail-in ballots.\nHe is expected to testify Monday before the Democrat-led House Oversight Committee.\nTrump described DeJoy last Saturday as \"a very talented man\" and \"a brilliant business person.\" He was chairman and CEO of the North Carolina- based contract logistics firm New Breed Logistics from 1983 until 2014.\nWhite House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany said at a briefing Wednesday that the Postal Service \"does have sufficient funding through 2021, and they do currently have cash on hand. They've been given that $10 billion line of credit through the CARES Act,\" referring to the federal coronavirus relief bill.\nMcEnany said the Trump administration is \"certainly open to\" increased Postal Service funding.\nOn Tuesday, Trump called for Amazon to pay more for shipping packages through the Postal Service.\n\"Amazon is paying an ancient price, and they shouldn't be,\" Trump said. \"And they shouldn't be allowed to pass it on to their customer.\"\nTrump also said \"we shouldn't get rid of any of our postal workers.\"\nRuth Y. Goldway, a commissioner of the U.S. Postal Regulatory Commission from 1998-2015 and its chair from 2009-14, urged \"everyone to be calm,\" in an op-ed published Tuesday by The New York Times.\n\"Don't fall prey to the alarmists on both sides of this debate,\" wrote Goldway, a Democrat appointed to the commission by then-President Bill Clinton and reappointed in 2002 and 2008 by then-President George W. Bush. \"The Postal Service is not incapacitated. It is still fully capable of delivering the mail.\"\nGoldway wrote that \"while the agency indeed has financial problems, as a result of a huge increase in packages being sent through the system and a credit line through the CARES Act, it has access to about $25 billion in cash. Its own forecasts predict that it will have enough money to operate into 2021.\"\nGoldway attributed the Postal Service's \"shaky financial situation\" largely to the approximately 30% drop in first-class mail, typically used for letters, from 10 years ago.\n\"The service's expensive, overbuilt infrastructure can absorb the addition of more mail in 2020, including election mail that is mailed to and sent back by every voter in every state,\" Goldway wrote.\nThe U.S. House of Representatives, in a rare Saturday evening vote, passed a bill that would provide $25 billion in funding for the Postal Service and requires the agency to return to prior operations levels.\nThe vote was 257-150, with 26 Republicans joining all House Democrats voting in favor.\nSenate Republicans have said that they would not pass the bill, and President Trump has said he would veto it anyway.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line280181"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7430592179298401,"wiki_prob":0.2569407820701599,"text":"Pageants to Pars\n\"My father-in-law calls me a natural at golf. There's nothing better to me.\"\nAbout a year before I got married, my soon-to-be father-in-law, Steve Leslie, invited me to play golf. He plays all the time, but I had only been playing for a couple of years so I was a little nervous about it. I learned how to swing while working as an office manager at Ipswich (Mass.) Country Club, but I never seemed to hit the ball solidly or very far.\nSo now we're on the course and he's giving me all kinds of tips like keeping my knees bent and my eyes on the ball. Some people don't like to get pointers when they're playing, but there was something really nurturing about it. He never had a daughter and I never really had a father so we clicked, and it helped me relax. Next thing I know, I'm making the perfect swing and the ball is going where I want it to. It was the first time I actually felt what it was like to hit good shots—I was hooked. And after that day, he was, too. I'd be shocked if he didn't tell my husband, \"Matt, you have to go marry this girl.\"\nABOUT SUSIE CASTILLO\nThe 34-year-old from Methuen, Mass., is the face of the Oxygen Network, appearing on many of its programs. She lives in Los Angeles and has been on Tyler Perry's \"House of Payne\" and MTV's \"Total Request Live.\" Her golf claim to fame? \"At a pro-am, Andy Garcia once told me 'Nice shot,' after seeing me hit one out of the rough. Now that's pretty cool.\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1088445"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8609050512313843,"wiki_prob":0.8609050512313843,"text":"Stretch & Bobbito: Now All the Hot Rappers Are Hooks & No Lyricism\nThe legendary radio duo say current hip-hop is almost a different genre from \"classic hip-hop,\" are they right?\nNathan Slavik\nThe Combat Jack show has grown from a podcast to something more like a hip-hop Rosetta Stone, a catalog of hip-hop culture that future generations will be able to use as a guide to the past. And so of course I listened to Combat's new episode with the legendary hip-hop radio duo Stretch and Bobbito, and in the course of their conversation it was this quote that really struck me:\n\"When you think of classic hip-hop, which is made from sampled beats and mining old records, that is really almost a different genre from what they call hip-hop now. Stylistically, it's so different. Right now, all of the hot rappers -- their records are four minutes of hooks. That's it, there's no lyricism.\" - The Combat Jack Show, The Stretch & Bobbito Episode\nI have no real interest in playing the old guys vs. young guys game, that's more tired than ScHoolboy Q listening to Kendrick freestyle. Stretch, Bob and Combat are making an observation more than a judgement, they address much of this in the full interview, but regardless, it's every teenager's job to create a new culture their parents don't understand and don't like. That's the cultural circle of life that's been in place for centuries and that life cycle's working just fine. Far beyond this conversation, in the age of the internet some young folks will go out of their way to provoke older heads, some older heads will go out of their way to smack down younger folks, but the vast majority of us are perfectly capable of taking the good with the bad without over-reacting either way.\nNo, I'm far more interested in asking questions here than pointing fingers. Are they right? If so, why?\nFirst, it is true that in terms of song structure, songs have far more hooks than ever before. And as always, we can blame the internet. When most music is being consumed via YouTube, SoundCloud, Spotify, etc., you just have a few seconds to capture someone's attention before they click away. We're living in an attention based economy, where songs aren't just competing with other songs, they're competing with viral Vine videos and memes.\nSo now successful songs start with the hook; the first \"verse\" on \"Panda\" doesn't even come until two minutes into the song. Before that, it's all hook, and the more hooks, pre-hooks and post hooks you can build into a song, the better chance you have. That's true in hip-hop, and it's true in indie folk rock. I see that less as any statement on the music getting better or worse and more of an evolution in the literal definition of that word, an adaption to a new environment.\nSimilarly, it's just flat our harder for producers to sample than in the \"classic hip-hop\" days. The Grand Upright decision in 1991 opened the door for the music industry to treat sampling more like a crime than the art it is, and so of course a lot of producers decided they'd rather just hunker down with some 808s than try to navigate the extraordinarily complex, convoluted and expensive sample clearance system.\nAdd those two forces together, throw in the explosion of festivals that reward artists with big hooks thousands of people can sing along to, mix in a bunch of other cultural factors and what do you get? You get four minute songs packed with hooks over sample-free beats.\nIn that sense Stretch and Bobbito are absolutely right, stylistically the times have changed, but it's that \"all\" word in \"all of the hot rappers\" that rings false to me. A lot of artists are making music like I've described above, but certainly not all, and in fact you could more accurately say that \"all of the most popular rappers\" are actually making heavily sampled, heavily lyrical hip-hop. The best selling albums of the last two years from younger artists have come from the likes of J. Cole, Kendrick Lamar, Meek Mill and Big Sean, all of whom rely heavily on samples and writing. And while Drake's certainly no stranger to hooks, even his albums are packed with samples and four-minute, hook free songs. While the big singles may be more \"shallow\" and grab the most attention, overall I think hip-hop's actually going through one of the more lyrically-driven periods of the last few years.\nCultural changes, music changes, hip-hop changes. Change is the only constant. So it was, so it is, and so it always will be.\nBy Nathan S, the managing editor of DJBooth and a hip-hop writer. His beard is awesome. This is his Twitter. Photo Credit to Jonathan Mena.\nOpinionEditors Picks\nPaying for the Priceless: Why Hip-Hop Owes Stretch & Bobbito\nYou need to watch this documentary from the legendary radio duo that blew up Jay Z, Big L, ODB and more.\nStretch & Bobbito: Radio That Changed My Life\nWe sat down with the legendary radio duo and realized just how much they influenced modern hip-hop journalism.\nRare JAY-Z Freestyles Unearthed by Stretch & Bobbito\nThe legendary radio duo dug deep into their radio show archives to pull out some gems from Hov.\nHow I Fell in Love With A Tribe Called Quest's Classic \"Midnight Marauders\" Album\nThe true story of love and hip-hop on the 22nd anniversary of a hip-hop classic\nStretch & Bobbito Bless Rap Nerds with Heat from Radio Show Crates\nThe greatest hip-hop radio show opens their vaults.\nHot 97, Major Labels & The Big Money Truth Behind Mainstream Radio\nWant mainstream radio to play your music? Sign to a major label. End of story.\nA Tribute to Mos Def, the Greatest Rapper That Never Was (1998 - 2016)\nMos Def is the reason I fell in love with hip-hop, and now his music career is officially over.\nDRAM's Videos Are Fun, but Dark-Skinned Women Are Missing\nA problem that's always plagued hip-hop became painfully obvious on a recent DRAM video-watching spree.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line919635"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8172428011894226,"wiki_prob":0.8172428011894226,"text":"KABC Anchor Heads to FOX 11 as Morning Anchor\nNEXT:WBBH-WZVN Reduces Sports, Eliminates Sports Director Position\nPREVIOUS:Duke Castiglione Makes Boston Debut\nAnchors | FOX Affiliates\nBy Stephanie Tsoflias Siegel on Jan. 11, 2018 - 4:03 PM\nKABC reporter Elex Michaelson is heading to KTTV, the Fox affiliate in Los Angeles.\nMichaelson will be the newest anchor on FOX 11’s early morning show, FOX 11 Morning News, alongside Araksya Karapetyan, at 4:30a.m. every morning.\n“Since Elex was born and raised in Southern California, we are excited for the extensive knowledge and perspective that he will bring on the issues and communities we cover,” said Kristine Kruntsen, vice president of news for FOX 11.\nPrior to his time as a reporter and fill-in anchor at KABC, he was an anchor and reporter at XETV in San Diego. He has held internship positions in D.C., New York and Los Angeles including a stint at KTTV.\nMichaelson is a graduate of University of Southern California. He hold a Bachelor of Arts degree in broadcast journalism and political science.\nGet TVSpy delivered straight to your inbox\nSend an anonymous tip (for TVSpy only).\nSr. Designer, Global UXUI Experience DesignUniversal Orlando ResortOrlando, Florida","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line793552"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6400506496429443,"wiki_prob":0.6400506496429443,"text":"What Audacity Looks Like\nby Ilse Munro\nThe Voina Group\nThe other day, I came across photographs of the audacious Russian street-art group Voina. What struck me most was how ordinary the members looked. They could have easily been any undergrads from any American campus. Yet, the Russian government has brought more than a dozen criminal cases against them. The same government that also saw fit to grant them the Ministry of Culture Innovation 2011 award for modern visual arts. Though perhaps not precisely for the giant phallus that they had painted on the Liteyny drawbridge leading to the Bolshoy Dom headquarters of the Federal Security Service in Saint Petersburg.\nI took these photos as further evidence for a hypothesis first formed at my father’s knee: that there is no necessary correlation between audacious appearance and audacious acts. The seemingly unremarkable people sitting around my family’s kitchen table, all war refugees, had routinely done things that you and I wouldn’t dream of doing. The others that I later encountered, either directly or indirectly. Rosa Parks, the small woman with the rimless glasses whose singular act sparked the US civil rights movement. The girls in shirtwaist dresses and guys in plaid shirts who adopted the Port Huron Statement, written by the curly-haired Tom Hayden, that launched 50 years of student protest and mass action for a more democratic society. The controversial authors that I read–James Joyce, Vladimir Nabokov, Henry Miller, George Orwell, JD Salinger, Kurt Vonnegut— who, on looks alone, would have been welcomed at any of the libraries where their books had been banned. The more flamboyant forming the remainder of my world–the Hippies and their successors–seemed to be mere eiphenomena, not the driving force of audacity.\nBut what about visual artists, who are–well–more visually oriented? Is it easier to spot the most audacious of that sort? Look at a list of the 10 most controversial artists of our time that I located online and judge for yourself. They’re presented below by birth order, together with a brief description, and shown in a slide show with a representative work:\nPablo Picasso (1881-1973). Picasso repeatedly outraged the public as well as his associates, but no more so than with Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. At that time, the work was deemed crude, unfinished and unusually unsettling. Today, it is considered to be seminal in the development of both cubism and modern art.\nMarcel Duchamp (1887-1968). In Paris, Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 raised a ruckus. Among the objections was that nudes never descend stairs: they recline. In New York, reactions were no more favorable. It was called “an explosion in a shingle factory” and spawned satirizations for decades. Today, Duchamp is seen as a key player in the surrealist, futurist and Dada movements.\nGeorgia O’Keeffe (1887-1986). The abstract imagery of O’Keeffe’s oversized, sensual flowers and similar depictions such as Blue and Green Music caused a stir because they called to mind female genitalia. Even as she was celebrated by feminists, she denied painting private parts. Today, she is credited with revolutionizing modern art through her portrayal of the emotional impact of nature and man-made entities.\nJackson Pollock (1912-1956). With his huge Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist), Pollock abandoned the convention of central motif and established process as paramount. The resulting action painting genre caused considerable disagreement among critics. His wife, Lee Krasner, may well have been the real innovator. Her Cobalt Night is larger than Lavender Mist and exhibits the same heroic ambition.\nChristo Javachev (1935-present). Javachev and his late wife were at the forefront of environmental art. The first version of Valley Curtain, a 400 meter length of vivid orange material stretched across Rifle Gap, was torn to shreds by wind and rock while being hung. A second version was successfully erected, only to be torn apart by gale-force winds 28 hours later. While critics searched for meaning in such massive, temporary installations, the two expanded the definition of what constitutes art.\nAi Weiwei (1957-present). Ai was the artistic consultant for the Beijing National Stadium and a dissident arrested by the Chinese government. His 10 tons of hand-painted porcelain sculptures, Sunflower Seeds, reference a staple of the Cultural Revolution and the resulting homogenization. Placing Ai first in the 2011 Power 100, ArtReview noted that his “activities have allowed artists to move away from the idea that they work within a privileged zone limited by the walls of a gallery or museum.”\nDamien Hirst (1965-present). Hirst is famous for formaldehyde-fixed animals displayed in glass tanks. His Virgin Mother, a 35 foot tall statue recalling Edgar Degas’s Little Dancer of Fourteen Years, reveals the insides of a pregnant woman. Critics have variously called him one of few late 20th Century artists who will remain more than a footnote and someone responsible for the decline of contemporary art.\nDavid Černý (1967-present). Černý gained international recognition by getting arrested for painting a Soviet tank pink. While he claims that he merely creates art for his friends and to piss people off, he doubtless has something more serious in mind. His Brownnosers allows visitors to climb a 20-foot ladder and peer into a white rear end to view a video of impersonators of President Václav Klaus and art critic Milan Knížák feeding each other slop while “We Are the Champions” plays.\nChris Ofili (1968-present). Ofili gained notoriety when questions were raised regarding his The Holy Virgin Mary and Tate Gallery’s purchase of The Upper Room containing his 13 paintings of macaques. No Woman No Cry, referencing his Nigerian heritage and the Bob Marley song, has been called a modern Pietà but has also raised hackles since it stands on two dried, varnished lumps of elephant dung–a material favored by Ofili–and a third serves as the Virgin’s pendant.\nBanksy (1974?-present). “Banksy” is the pseudonym of an anonymous street artist, painter and political activist who may or may not be Robin Gunningham. Known for his contempt of the government in labelling graffiti as vandalism, he displays his art on public surfaces such as walls and sometimes goes as far as building prop pieces. His stencil of the image of Death on the waterline of an entertainment boat in Bristol is based on a 19th Century etching illustrating the pestilence of the Great Stink.\nWhen I consider these artists, I see nothing that makes me think that there is any way to identify the truly audacious other than through their work. So more power to those who don’t want to look bland or boring. But if they want to be genuinely daring, they’ll have to come up with more than a startling appearance. And put more of themselves on the line. Personally, I’d place my money on one of those inconspicuous commuters sitting near me on the subway. Chances are better that the makings of the next fearless [literary, artistic, social, cultural, political] work is stashed in his or her plain portfolio or briefcase.\nNote: For more on audacity, see the “Audacious Ideas” series on this site. And join us for the launch of the Summer 2012 Audacity print issue in late June.\nEssayArt Exhibits, Audacity, Blogs, Essays, Literary Journals, Social Justice, Visual Art, WritingIlse Munro8 comments\nMeet the Neighbors: Atticus Review\nSet Alight by the Short Story\n8 thoughts on “What Audacity Looks Like”\nClarinda Harriss\nWow, this piece is a keeper. It should be in the e-reference-libary of every student. Nay, every reader and writer. I love the premise: it’s the toilers in the vineyard in their non-fancy work clothes, so to speak, who are responsible for the great wine.\nIlse Munro\nOr those willing to go elbow-deep in the, well, you know. Can’t say more since it’ll spoil the essay I’ll post next Monday: “Self-Interview: Clarinda Harriss.”\nLynn Weber\nA wonderful article, and an important distinction between appearance and reality.\nThanks, Lynn. Thought you’d appreciate the distinction. (See Lynn’s piece, “The Art of Identification: The Heart of Social Justice,” posted on this site.)\nAndy Strakna\nInteresting article. I’ve always found the disconnection between appearence and personality. My own family looks from the outside to be very conservative and stoid, but are really rebels.\nEva Q Tennant\nThe cliche, “You can never tell a book by its cover,” couldn’t be more true when it comes to these audacious artists who all had an outward visage that belied the heart and mind of a controversial truth teller. Bravo!\nPingback: Concerning Craft: Raoul Middleman | Little Patuxent Review\nPingback: Audacity, 50s Style: Part 1 | Little Patuxent Review","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line537205"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8348894119262695,"wiki_prob":0.8348894119262695,"text":"Black Cultural Center Office, Black Ink, 1 May 2001, Page 4.\n“That Fishbowl—as frustrating as it was, as small as it was, you were always feeling a sense of surveillance—it was a magical space,” Renee Alexander Craft, a graduate of 1994, remembered, describing the University’s first Black Cultural Center (BCC).1 The Fishbowl or the BCC (students used the terms interchangeably) was located on the first floor of the Frank Porter Graham Student Union and enclosed in glass, giving the space its nickname. The space itself was small, roughly eight hundred square feet, and located in a renovated snack bar and vending machine area, a supposedly “temporary” location the Fishbowl occupied for almost two decades.2 Despite the many limitations of the physical space of the Fishbowl, it operated as one of the only campus spaces—along with Upendo Lounge and the South Campus dorms—in which Black students could find respite from the University’s whiteness and create a sense of community through the 1990s and early 2000s.\nThis essay argues that after the colonization of Upendo Lounge and its elimination as the main counter-space for Black students in the 1980s, the Black Cultural Center served as the foremost counter-space for Black students, combining for the first time the social and academic needs of Black students within the space and drawing condemnation from white administrators. The Fishbowl also served as the nexus of a movement that sought to create a free-standing version of the BCC in honor of one of the faculty members who had fought the hardest for its creation. The history of the campus movements that operated for and within the space of the Fishbowl illustrates the ways in which the institution sought to control, contain, and exclude Black life from the dominant cultural landscape of the University.\nThe idea for a BCC began to take form in 1983, after administrators changed the reservation policy for Upendo Lounge. Black students, along with Black faculty and staff, petitioned the administration for a space separate from Upendo Lounge in which to hold Black cultural performances and academic programs. By the time this conversation had begun at the University, most of its peer institutions of public predominantly white universities across the United States had already built Black culture (or cultural) centers. Most centers had been built in the early 1970s, the result of Black student-led demonstrations in the wake of the assassination of Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., protests which also brought Black studies programs and increased numbers of Black faculty to the white campuses.\nSonja Haynes Stone, Black Ink, 26 August 1991, Page 8.\nThrough the remainder of the decade, dozens of white universities built BCCs, centers which included not only social spaces for Black students (like Upendo Lounge), but dedicated space in which to hold Black academic and cultural programs.3 During this period in Chapel Hill, a small number of Black faculty members presented a concept paper to Chancellor Nelson Ferebee Taylor outlining the creation of an “Institute for Minority Studies,” which they explained, could “serve as a unique or special resource center for minority students and faculty,” and “assist the university in its efforts to be more responsive to the needs of minority communities.”4 Taylor did not pursue their proposed institute, but among Black faculty in particular, there was a growing recognition that the University needed a Black Cultural Center to serve all Black people within the institution and Chapel Hill.\nOne of the most active participants in the national Black culture center movement was Dr. Sonja Haynes Stone, a professor in the Department of Afro-American Studies.5 Partially at Stone’s insistence, in 1984, Dean of Student Affairs Donald Boulton convened a committee to develop a proposal for a Black Cultural Center which would “promote learning, self awareness, self determination and broadened world perspectives.” The BCC planning committee (a group comprised largely of Black faculty and administrators) issued their final report in February 1986. They determined that a new Black Cultural Center would need a space of at least 8,548 square feet, an estimate which included space for a library, a large meeting room, an art gallery, a music room rehearsal hall, offices for staff members, and a lounge for socializing.6\nIn their report, the committee included a minimum of 2,500 square feet that could be used as a temporary space, a concession given with the understanding that it would take both time and financial resources to fully develop the larger proposed 8,548 square foot facility.7 But before the BCC planning committee submitted their final report, Boulton set aside a temporary eight hundred square foot space in the front of the Frank Porter Graham Student Union, and funds were raised to hire a director for the University’s new Black Cultural Center.8 Black students were dissatisfied with the space that had been set aside for the BCC. “No, we’re not happy with the vending machine area,” Black Student Movement (BSM) President from 1986 to 1987, Camille Roddy, said to Campus Profile. “This is due to the fact that the proposal that we have in mind encompasses much more spacing than what the vending machine area would allow. And by stifling us with that area, you’re stifling the ideas and the plans for the cultural center.”9\nThe Black Cultural Center Opens\nhttps://uncofthepeople.files.wordpress.com/2018/04/88nov14_permanentbccupdate_racerelations_campusprofile_stv_bcc.mp4\nCampus Profile, Episode 77. UNC Student Television. 14 November 1988. Accessed April 23, 2018.\nDespite objections from students, on July 1, 1988, the University’s Black Cultural Center officially opened in the temporary space in the Frank Porter Graham Student Union with Margo Crawford, a university professor and administrator from Chicago, as its first director.10 Donyell Roseboro, in her dissertation on the movement for a free-standing Black Cultural Center, points to the decision to create even the temporary BCC as monumental. “By officially assigning the Black cultural center temporary space in 1988,” she explained, “university administrators publicly announced their belief in the importance of such a facility; it represented a social and academic coalescence of learning, a safe space for Black students, and a tribute to the struggles of Black people on the University campus and beyond.”11 Although the BCC’s opening was indeed significant, the precarity of its status within the Division of Student Affairs and the inadequate resources it received always kept open the possibility that the BCC would be forced into a similar dismantling of power that Upendo Lounge had undergone over the last decade.\nThe Black Cultural Center, although small and exposed, immediately became a space for congregation and conversation for all members of the University’s Black community. In describing the Fishbowl, Renee Alexander Craft referred to the structural, social, and emotional resonances of the space:\n“In the middle of the space there were the same kind of chairs, but they formed a circle so that the seat part was facing out so it was like a flower in the middle, and then seats lining the side. So you’d have plenty of places to sit and plenty of floor space if you just wanted to plop down. So even if you didn’t come in for a meeting, you just came in to get something, there’s someone’s TA over there having a conversation with their students, there’s students talking about politics on campus and what needs to be done, there’s students talking about the environment and what needs to be done about that. So there’s all that energy and movement and you can fall in and fall out of those conversations as you’re going about your mundane life.”12\nAlthough the BCC held programs and lectures, organized by its director Margo Crawford and its staff of students, the center also functioned for Black students as a space for debate, mentoring, organizing, and relaxation. “I would literally walk in sometimes – I didn’t go all the time – to sit down, not say anything to anyone, and just exhale, and then ten minutes later I would get up,” remembered former BSM President from 1999 to 2000, Chris Faison. “We didn’t even have to say anything. It was just the acknowledgement of the fact that you just needed a break from being the only one in your class, right? And then you would get up and you would walk out.”13\nRenee Alexander Craft, Creator of Sauti M’pya, Photo in The Daily Tar Heel, 24 August 1992, Page 3.\nThe BCC operated not just as a social space for Black students, but also as a space of incubation for student created programs and initiatives. In 1991, Renee Alexander Craft established Sauti M’pya, the literary journal for the BCC and the first Black literary publication created by Black students in Chapel Hill, which gave many Black student writers and artists their first opportunity to publish their work.14 In 1992, Michelle Thomas and Denise Matthewson founded the Communiversity Program, which continues to serves Black students in local elementary and middle schools through a variety of cultural and educational activities in Chapel Hill.15 Many Black students in the 1990s participated in a program called Around the Circle, weekly graduate student-led discussions of political and social issues happening across the University which “sharpened [their] teeth” for public discourse.16 Each of these initiatives was created by and for Black students, faculty, and staff within the eight hundred square feet of the Fishbowl.\nDespite its limitations, the Fishbowl engendered a remarkable social dynamism infused with a progressive political orientation that marked it as distinct from Upendo Lounge as a social and academic counter-space. It was crucial for Black students’ identity development that the BCC served as an academic counter-space as well as a social space, because, as critical race theorists Daniel Solórzano and Octavio Villalpando have determined, academic counter-spaces allow Black students to stimulate their own learning in a nurturing environment where their experiences are considered important in teaching and learning.17 As the University struggled to recruit Black faculty (in 1988, there were only fifty Black faculty members out of a total of more than two thousand), the Fishbowl served as a critical space for Black students to access Black academic programs through peer mentorship.18\nWhite students viewed the Fishbowl, as they had Upendo Lounge, as a threat on their claims to the campus landscape. Unlike Upendo, which had been located on South Campus, the accepted space for Black students on campus, the Fishbowl was located on North Campus, in the main student union, a critical social space for white students. Speaking to Campus Profile in front of the Fishbowl in the fall of 1988, only months after its opening, a white student explained that “in some cases I think the Black students take it too far in that they have so many organizations for minority rights and minority counsels…I feel that Black students are pampered.”19 In 1992, the Carolina Alumni Review explained that many white students and faculty believed that “black students seem to be claiming that their race entitles them to be treated differently…well-meaning programs have often encouraged minorities to be dependent on special help and to think of themselves as victims with special rights.”20\nBlack students and faculty rejected the idea that the Fishbowl’s eight hundred square feet somehow afforded them special status on campus. “Everybody asks about a white cultural center, but the whole University is a white cultural center,” Lee Greene, a professor of English, argued.21 Because the Fishbowl was enclosed in glass and faced the Pit— a sunken plaza in front of Lenoir Hall and the Frank Porter Graham Student Union through which hundreds of people passed daily—the space could be surveilled at all times. “You did have a feeling of surveillance, and that’s both good and bad,” explained Craft. “You felt surveilled at times by people you didn’t feel like looking in on you, but you also could always find the people you were looking for, because all you had to do was peek in.”22 Simone Browne, a scholar of Blackness and surveillance studies, explains that “blackness [is] a key site through which surveillance is practiced, narrated, and enacted.”23 Even if the Fishbowl site was not chosen specifically for its increased capacities for surveillance, within the cultural landscape of white supremacy, this was an added benefit for administrators.\nhttps://uncofthepeople.files.wordpress.com/2018/04/90feb26_bccupdate_campusprofile_stv_bcc.mp4\nCampus Profile, Episode 120. UNC Student Television. 26 February 1990. Accessed April 23, 2018.\nEven before the opening of the BCC in the summer of 1988, the center’s students and staff sought a commitment from administrators for a permanent location for the center. “If we accept the space that the University has given us then it will become permanent,” Lee Greene explained.24 In the spring of 1990, Campus Profile reported that the planning committee for the BCC was eyeing the soon to be emptied Howell Hall, then the location for the School of Journalism, which was moving to Carroll Hall. Chancellor Paul Hardin met with the BCC planning committee in early February, but made no promises about the future of Howell Hall. For the students and administrators who had been working for seven years on the creation of a permanent BCC, the timeline was stagnant. “From their perspective,” Margo Crawford explained, “this is very slow and they’ve seen other programs blossom to life or be prioritized over the BCC facility.” Speaking rather presciently about the lack of movement on Howell Hall, the BSM president from 1990 to 1991, Tonya Perry told Campus Profile: “It’s a student building. If students want it, they’re going to have to push for it.”25\nLegacy of the Fishbowl\nOn August 10, 1991, Dr. Sonja Haynes Stone, the much-admired faculty member in the Department of Afro-American Studies and mentor to many students, passed away suddenly. Students immediately began to gather in the Fishbowl to comfort and support one another, reeling in their collective loss. From meetings in August 1991 held in the Fishbowl, students began to build a movement to create a permanent and free-standing Black Cultural Center, an ambition that had been deeply held by the late Dr. Stone (detailed in the essay on The Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History). As the movement to construct a free-standing building for the BCC continued to grow, the Fishbowl remained a site of incubation, energy, and renewal for Black students engaged in the struggle. The Fishbowl, which was designed to be a temporary space to be occupied for no longer than two years, was not closed until 2004, when the Stone Center building officially opened.26\nInterior of the Black Cultural Center, Carolina Alumni Review, Winter 1992, Page 26.\nMany alumni who remember the communal nature of the Fishbowl have been surprised and even dismayed to learn that its free-standing successor, the Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History, does not always play the same role as a community gathering space for Black students, faculty, and staff. “I am so proud to have the free-standing Sonja Haynes Stone Center…But there’s something we took for granted that we had in the Fishbowl that does not currently exist, which is again, a space for multiple generations and multiple ranks to come together just to be,” Renee Alexander Craft, now a faculty membr in the Department of Communication Studies, explained.27 This belief that the contemporary Stone Center suffers from the absence of social spaces is repeated throughout other interviews with Black alumni who remember the collective energy of the Fishbowl.28 The loss of a social space within the Stone Center confirms that part of the dynamism that marked the Fishbowl as a counter-space separate in significance from either the Stone Center or Upendo Lounge was the remarkable way in which it melded the academic and social needs of Black students.\nThe Fishbowl, though no longer in existence, operated for close to two decades in a temporary space defined in part by its physical shortcomings and uncertainty regarding its future. Despite this precarity, the history of the Fishbowl stands as a testament to the students, faculty, and staff who created a counter-space that supported Black students’ experiences and identity development, despite the University’s consistent undervaluing of the importance of the BCC. By blending the social and academic interests of Black students, the BCC became a vigorous force within the institution for progressive energies, intellectual activities, and passionate discourse. And in creating a space in which to both challenge the prevailing cultural practices of the University and support one another, Black students also developed the BCC into a powerful space from which to build and sustain a major movement for racial justice. But the physical space of the Fishbowl exposed the University’s anti-Black institutional policies, which sought to contain Black life within a space which could be surveilled at all times. Thus, the Fishbowl, like Upendo Lounge, carries a dual legacy of both the insurgent power of Black counter-space creation and the institutional policies utilized to suppress the capacity for Black students to exercise their power.\nDownload Chapter 4: The Fishbowl as a PDF.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1692244"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5041785836219788,"wiki_prob":0.5041785836219788,"text":"-3°C Bucharest, RO\nIulian Ernst\nIulian studied physics at the University of Bucharest, and he sees himself as a physicist in the broadest sense of the word. He also studied economics at Charles University in Prague and Central European University in Budapest, after a master’s program in business administration at Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies. Since recently, he’s been exploring coding and data analysis for business and economics. As a freelancer, he worked for nearly two decades as an analyst for ISI Emerging Markets, Euromonitor International, Business New Europe, but also as a consultant for OMV Petrom and UkrAgroConsult. Iulian was part of the founding team of Ziarul Financiar. At Romania Insider, which he joined in 2018, he is reviewing the latest economic developments for the premium bulletins and newsletters. He would gladly discuss topics such as macroeconomics, emerging markets, Prague, energy sector including renewable, Led Zeppelin, financial services, as well as tech start-ups and innovative technologies. Email him at iulian@romania-insider.com.\nSubmitted by iuliane on Fri, 01/14/2022 - 08:05\nRomania’s CA gap up 56 YoY to 6.8% of GDP in 12 months to November\nRomania’s current account (CA) deficit reached EUR 16.5 bln or 6.8% of the GDP estimated for 2021, in the 12 months to November, according to calculations based on data released by the National Bank of Romania (BNR).\nThe 12-month trade gap thus increased by 56% in nominal terms compared to November 2020. The gap-to-GDP ratio advanced some 2pp from 4.8%-4.9% in 2019-2020.\nIn a country update on October 24, rating agency Fitch said it expected relatively large current account deficits in 2021-2023, averaging 6% of GDP as a recovery in exports is offset by solid import demand. Under its November Autumn Forecast, the European Commission projected the country’s GDP within the 6%-6.5% range for 2021 and the coming years.\nOn the upside, the rating agency forecasts non-debt-creating inflows to cover an increasingly large share of the current account deficit (close to 80% by 2023) as EU transfers accelerate.\nAs of November 2021, the debt-creating inflows are still predominantly covering the current account deficit. Specifically, the EUR 37.2 bln cumulated CA gap in 2019-2020 and the first eleven months in 2021 was 76% financed by the rise in the long-term debt (EUR 28.2 bln). The EUR 23.1 bln rise in the public debt accounted for 62% of the CA gap over the period. The balance is hopefully expected to shift toward more non-debt-generating flows in the coming years, though.\nThe European Commission already disbursed some EUR 3.8 bln in December-January as advance payments under the Resilience Facility, likely to bring EUR 14 bln of grants and EUR 15 bln of soft loans by 2026. Furthermore, under the multiannual financial framework (EU budget), Romania is expected to receive EUR 28 bln cohesion funds and EUR 19 bln for agricultural and fisheries policy. All in all, nearly EUR 80 bln would be disbursed in 2022-2027, most of which are non-debt-generating.\niulian@romania-insider.com\n(Photo source: Robbiverte/Dreamstime.com)\nSubmitted by iuliane on Thu, 12/30/2021 - 17:25","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line984169"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.606308102607727,"wiki_prob":0.606308102607727,"text":"Home / Posts tagged 'A Different Kind of Tension'\nBuzzcocks to play ‘Another Music,’ ‘Love Bites’ on 22-date North American tour\nClassic punk outfit Buzzcocks today announced a 22-date North American tour later this spring that will find the band tearing through its first two albums — ‘Another Music in a Different Kitchen’ and ‘Love Bites’ — in their entirety each night, plus ‘other hits.’\nNew releases: Buzzcocks reissues, Pretenders ‘Live in London,’ UB40’s ‘Labour of Love IV’\nThis week’s new releases include a trio of expanded 2CD reissues from the Buzzcocks — ‘Another Music in a Different Kitchen,’ ‘Love Bites,’ ‘A Different Kind of Tension’ — plus ‘Live in London’ from The Pretenders and UB40’s latest covers album, ‘Labour of Love IV.’\nExpanded reissues of Buzzcocks’ first three albums to be released in U.S. next month\nReissues, Tracklist\nTweet The expanded 2CD reissues of the Buzzcocks’ first three albums — Another Music in a Different Kitchen (1978), Love Bites (1978) and A Different […]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line997001"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6965909004211426,"wiki_prob":0.6965909004211426,"text":"Tag Archives: Myles Dungan\nThe Daniel Cassidy Memorial Lecture\nOn the 9th of November, in San Francisco, as part of a festival called Hinterland, the Irish broadcaster and historian Myles Dungan will give the inaugural Daniel Cassidy Memorial Lecture. The Hinterland festival has two independent parts, one in County Meath and the other (HinterlandWest) in California. The Irish festival is also linked to the Hay Festival on the border between England and Wales.\nAnyone who has read this blog carefully will realise that there is something very strange about the idea of commemorating Daniel Cassidy or celebrating his life.\nThe HinterlandWest Festival describes Cassidy thus:\nDaniel Cassidy was a much-loved musician, and academic who ran the Irish Studies programme at New College, San Francisco up to the time of his death in 2008.\nThe comma is interesting. Did they originally have a comment about his skills as a writer and linguist but decided to remove it because they realise that the boat sailed on that one a long time ago? Or do they simply have problems with punctuation?\nThe facts in relation to Daniel Cassidy are clear. He was certainly a musician, though an indifferent one.\nWith regard to his status as an academic, there is no doubt that Cassidy worked as a lecturer at New College of California for around twelve years. Cassidy himself claimed (under a rather obvious sock puppet identity) that he had worked before that at San Francisco State but I have no confirmation of this claim.\nWhat is very clear is that he was not entitled to be a lecturer in any university because he had no qualifications. Some sources, such as Wikipedia, claimed for a long time that he graduated from Cornell. Cassidy himself claimed to have been educated at or studied at Cornell and then at Columbia. The SF Irish American Crossroads Festival website says that Cassidy studied first at Columbia and then at Cornell, but this is contradicted by accounts of his life given by Cassidy in interviews.\nThe fact is that Cassidy attended Cornell for about four years on a scholarship, but left the university in 1965 without receiving a degree. He never attended Columbia University and he never got a primary degree or a postgraduate degree.\nIn other words, the reality is that Cassidy was just some unqualified guy who had wandered in off the street with an attitude and the gift of the gab and had no right to even apply for a job as a teacher. This is confirmed again and again in his book and in the numerous articles that appeared in newspapers around the time of its publication. In his book, Cassidy demonstrates time and time again that he didn’t care about facts or telling the truth. He knew nothing about the methods used by genuine academics. The book is weak and badly argued, with its fake phonetics, ludicrously bad referencing, a tendency to dishonestly miss out anything that conflicted with his theories and an even more disturbing tendency to simply invent phrases in ‘Irish’ that never existed and in many cases could never exist, phrases like fo-luach and sách úr and béal ónna and teas ioma and uath-anchor. The book really is a complete mess and anyone who thinks that How The Irish Invented Slang is going to make a genuine contribution to the world of etymology is delusional.\nIt has also been suggested that Cassidy used his unearned status as a lecturer to sexually harass young women who were unlucky enough to be studying under his guidance. This claim came from a person who left a message here and who studied at New College. I have no idea whether it’s true or not but knowing Cassidy’s arrogance and self-obsession and lack of boundaries, I don’t consider it at all unlikely.\nMyles Dungan, who is delivering this inaugural Daniel Cassidy Memorial Lecture (let’s hope it’s also the last), interviewed Cassidy just after his book was published. I have already dealt with this elsewhere on this blog. It was a fairly feeble interview and a poor piece of journalism, which gave Cassidy an easy ride and failed to ask any difficult (and obvious) questions. It is strange to find Myles Dungan, who gave this toxic fraud a platform to sell his garbage to unsuspecting people back then, once again stepping up to support this liar more than a decade later. It’s doubly strange in that Myles Dungan is well-known for a blog that debunks fake news stories from history.\nI don’t know who was responsible for establishing this Daniel Cassidy Memorial Lecture and damaging the reputation of the HinterlandWest Festival by associating it with a man who is universally despised by all right-thinking people. I suspect that Elizabeth Creely, one of the most vociferous Cassidy loyalists, had a hand in this bizarre decision. Whoever is responsible, the fact is that Cassidy was not a person deserving of commemoration or celebration. He was a criminal, a liar, a narcissist, a hypocrite and a total waste of space. No decent human being would knowingly associate themselves with this man and his deceptions.\nThis entry was posted in The Cassidy Scandal and tagged academic with no qualifications, Cornell, Daniel Cassidy, Daniel Cassidy Memorial Lecture, Elizabeth Creely, Hay on Wye, Hinterland Festival, HinterlandWest, How The Irish Invented Slang, Meath, Mechanics' Institute, Myles Dungan, professor with no degree, San Francisco, San Francisco festivals, sockpuppets, Trim Hinterland Festival on November 9, 2019 by Danielomastix.\nAn open letter to the advisory board of the San Francisco Irish-American Crossroads Festival\nCharles Fanning\nKatherine Hastings\nCaledonia Kearns\nDaniele Maraviglia\nLinda Norton\nMiriam Nyhan\nNancy Quinn\nJames Silas Rogers\nTim Sullivan\nSometimes, our heroes turn out to have feet of clay and even when they were responsible for establishing valid and worthwhile institutions, it can be difficult for those institutions to avoid being contaminated with the scandal associated with a toxic founder.\nIn the case of the Lance Armstrong Foundation, it rebranded itself as the Livestrong Foundation when Armstrong was exposed as a drugs cheat. It continues to raise money but it is not as successful as it was. Its new name suggests a link to Armstrong (L – strong) but the information on its website gives no indication of the organisation’s history or Armstrong’s role in it.\nIn the case of the Jimmy Savile Charitable Trust, when the shit hit the fan, it initially considered rebranding itself to remove all links to the serial rapist and paedophile who founded it but a few weeks later, it declared that it was shutting up shop. The scandal and the stigma were just too great.\nAs for the New College of California, the exposure of its founder as a predatory paedophile came shortly before the wheels came off the institution itself. The exposure of John Leary as a sexual predator was not responsible for the collapse of the institution but it probably didn’t help. Had the college survived, it would have been necessary to remove or rewrite material like this about its founder to reflect the fact that Leary was kicked out of Gonzaga for a sexual assault on a young boy: “Jack, a Jesuit priest and teacher of philosophy, had recently resigned as president of Gonzaga University in Washington state because of his dissatisfaction with the current American model of undergraduate education. He wanted to start over. And so New College of California began as a handful of students and teachers meeting in Jack’s Sausalito living room.”\nThe San Francisco Irish-American Crossroads Festival was founded by Daniel Cassidy, a ‘professor’ at New College in 2004. After Cassidy’s book was published, Cassidy was criticised immediately by genuine scholars for his poor research but it is only in the last few years that the full extent of Cassidy’s dishonesty and criminality has come to light.\nAs I have said before on this blog, the In Memoriam section of the Festival’s website gives a fictional and sanitised account of the founder’s life. According to this account, Cassidy had degrees from Columbia and Cornell. In a radio interview with Myles Dungan, Cassidy talks about his Bachelor’s degree from Cornell and taking some ‘graduate’ classes at Columbia. Cornell University has stated that Cassidy was removed from Cornell without gaining a degree and his sister has stated here that he never went to Columbia. This in itself is clear evidence that Cassidy was a fraudster. Cassidy had no degrees or qualifications at all. He was not a real professor.\nHis book, How The Irish Invented Slang, is one of the most dishonest, ignorant and badly-researched books ever written. Far from being a revelatory work of etymology, it is an insult to the world of scholarship, to the Irish people and to anyone who cares about basic standards of honesty and fair play. This dim-witted collection of disinformation is totally antithetical to the mission statement of the Festival: “Founded in 2004, the Crossroads Irish-American Festival promotes the discovery and understanding of the Irish experience in the Americas to ensure that the richness of the arts, culture, history and traditions of this heritage are both held in great esteem and preserved for generations to come.”\nI cannot force the people at the Irish-American Crossroads Festival to tell the truth about Cassidy. All I can do is to point out once again that Cassidy should be held to account for his fraud and criminality, not held up as an inspiration and a good example. Anyone who allows lies like this to be associated with their name is not a decent human being. If you wish to protect your reputation, demand that those responsible for the website remove the lies about Cassidy. If you support Daniel Cassidy and his insane theories, directly or indirectly, you are a willing accessory to this puerile, dishonest nonsense which has been used to swindle tens of thousands of people out of their hard-earned money.\nThis entry was posted in The Cassidy Scandal and tagged Advisory Board, Caledonia Kearns, Charles Fanning, Daniel Cassidy, Daniele Maraviglia, How The Irish Invented Slang, Jack Leary, James Silas Rogers, Katherine Hastings, Linda Norton, Miriam Nyhan, Myles Dungan, Myles Dungan interview, Myles Dungan RTÉ, Nancy Quinn, New College of California, Peter Quinn, San Francisco Irish-American Crossroads Festival, Tim Sullivan on December 16, 2017 by Danielomastix.\nIn a recent post (The Day JFK Was Shot) I mentioned an interview on RTÉ radio (Highway 101) in August 2007, in which Myles Dungan talks to Daniel Cassidy, fake scholar and fake etymologist, about his life and works. In that post, I pointed to several factual inconsistencies. However, they weren’t the only problems with Cassidy’s account of his life, so I decided to listen to the podcast again and make a few notes.\nFirst off, it is amazing what Cassidy leaves out. He makes no mention of his association with Andy Warhol, one of the few genuinely impressive parts of his CV. He talks about ‘when I got out of Cornell’, but makes no mention of the fact that he flunked his degree. Indeed, he even says ‘I was reasonably good at academics … you know … I just took to it …’ Really?\nLater, he talks about being in ‘graduate school’ in Columbia. Obviously, as a non-graduate, he couldn’t have been in graduate school, though he may well have taken some evening classes.\nOne of the most dishonest bits is in relation to his career as a merchant seaman. In some descriptions of Cassidy, this is almost used to define him – he is ‘the former merchant marine’. I have expressed doubt before about this episode of his life, which I think didn’t happen, or was very short, or took place later, in the late seventies. This interview confirms that there is something very suspect about his claim to have been a merchant seaman in the 1960s. When Dungan says, ‘you became a seaman’, you would expect a natural storyteller like Cassidy to really give it his all. However, you would be disappointed. There are no tall tales about being lashed to the wheel with a marlin spike pondering the nature of the stars, or doing the horizontal hornpipe in a cathouse in Surabaya, or listening to the mermaids and merrows singing songs to the dog-headed men at the edge of the world where cartographers fear to tread. Cassidy simply says ‘I hit the road’ and tells an anecdote about hitching a ride to California in 1967, the Summer of Love. Then he talks about playing in a bar in the Mission District in San Francisco. Then the narrative moves on to getting in with musicians and releasing an album. His career as a salty seadog is ignored and forgotten, as is the 23 months he spent in rehab in New York, at some time between 1967 and 1972. In other words, he might have spent slightly longer as a seaman than Malcolm Lowry, but he was no Joseph Conrad.\nThere is also a problem with the idea that he played R and B in bars in the Mission District. According to other sources, he learned guitar in Phoenix House, the rehab centre, at the end of the sixties or in the early seventies. Before that, he played the saxophone. Now, the guitar is an R and B instrument. One person can be a modern troubadour, singing songs of love and protest and accompanying themselves on the guitar. But it’s hard to imagine anyone doing solo gigs on the saxophone. So did this happen? And if it did, when? Was it later, after his music career was on the skids, when his album failed to sell?\nDungan seems to regard Cassidy as a harmless crank, and gives him an easy ride, even when it becomes obvious that Cassidy can’t pronounce Irish and knows nothing about the language. Dungan challenges him over spiel, which he rightly says is German or Yiddish, but he doesn’t challenge Cassidy when he claims that speal (which he mispronounces to make it sound more like spiel) is Scottish Gaelic and Irish for a hoe. (It’s a scythe, or course.) However, Dungan does say: ‘Are you not letting your imagination run away with you and claiming far too much for the Irish language?’ Cassidy blethers his way round this one, claiming that in fact he is being conservative and that the Irish influence is even greater than he claims.\nHowever, the thing that really shocked me was his spiel about how New College of California was founded by a Jesuit called Father Jack Leary, who came from Gonzaga University. The thing he doesn’t mention at all is that Leary had already been exposed as a predatory paedophile by (amongst others) Matt Smith in SF Weekly in October 2006 (http://www.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/the-double-life-of-john-leary/Content?oid=2161211).\nThis entry was posted in An Ghaeilge, The Cassidy Scandal and tagged an Ghaeilge, Andy Warhol, Columbia, Cornell, Daniel Cassidy, Father John Leary, Gonzaga University, Highway 101, How The Irish Invented Slang, Jack Leary, Matt Smith, Myles Dungan, New College of California, paedophile priest, RTÉ, SF Weekly, slang on May 14, 2016 by Danielomastix.\nDamp Squid\nDaniel Cassidy did no original research at all. His idea of research was to abstract information from dictionaries, then sneer at the people who had done the work for him. His main targets were the Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster, who he misrepresented as a clique of WASP bigots. Cassidy called these bastions of the linguistic establishment ‘the dictionary dudes’. In reality, of course, there is more of an implied criticism of the main dictionary-makers in the Irish language in Cassidy’s work, as none of Cassidy’s insane phrases like pá lae sámh and béal ónna are mentioned in any of the Irish dictionaries. It is also interesting that when Cassidy was confronted with a real Irish person who knew some Irish and could clearly see that Cassidy knew nothing about the subject, Cassidy was quite happy to hide behind the authority of the OED. This happened in an RTÉ radio programme, Highway 101 with Myles Dungan, now available as a podcast, where Cassidy, having been pulled up on his pronunciation, talks about the origins of phoney in Irish fáinne. Cassidy says: Your audience must be saying, this guy Cassidy’s a real crackpot, [TRUE!!] but that’s not my etymology, that’s the etymology in the Oxford English Dictionary … Strange that he both sneers at the OED and then appeals to its authority when it suits him. But then, Cassidy was what we call a teanga liom leat (a tongue with-me with-you, a hypocrite) or a coileach gaoithe (a weather vane). Or in the English of Ireland, a gobshite.\nHowever, most of Cassidy’s sheeple have never heard this podcast and don’t know anything about Irish, and they continue to spout nonsense about how the OED and Merriam-Webster are full of anti-Irish bigots. Just recently I quoted the Boston writer Michael Patrick MacDonald, who talks about the ‘racist OED lapdogs!’ What an idiot!\nI have been reading a book recently by one of these ‘racist OED lapdogs’, Jeremy Butterfield, who has commented here. I do not know Jeremy personally. I’ve never met him outside of the virtual realm of language blogs and I’ve never even been to Oxford.\nHowever, I loved the book, and I am giving a brief review here, mainly because it’s a good book and worth reading, but also because it exemplifies very clearly how stupid and paranoid the criticisms of the ‘dictionary dudes’ by the Cassidy Cargo Cult are.\nDamp Squid: The English Language Laid Bare is a very witty, informative and well-written account of lexicography and its history and the way that corpus linguistics and computing have changed the way that dictionaries like the OED are compiled. I have read a lot of books on linguistics, so much of the material was familiar to me, but there were plenty of interesting facts which were new to me. For example, the term dictionary was quite late in arriving on the scene. The first English dictionary was Latin-English. The second was apparently Welsh-English (1547)!\nThere are fascinating discussions of metaphor, register and eggcorns (phrases like damp squid, which was originally damp squib, but most people don’t know what a squib is these days, so they reinterpret it). I was particularly struck by his observations about how society is always metaphorically a building, while the state is often a ship. (‘foundations of a just society’, ‘Captain, My Captain…’) Obvious, when you think about it, but I had never thought about it.\nIt is also quite clear that Jeremy Butterfield is not the bigoted WASP Cassidy and his friends liked to denigrate. His views on language are very democratic. In the culture war between people like Simon Heffer and David Crystal, there is no doubt that he is on the Crystal side. He does not believe that dictionary definitions are set in stone, and he mocks the approach of a long-dead generation of language mavens who disliked the use of French words because you can apparently say all kinds of morally suspect things in French which English simply can’t express!\nThe open-mindedness of his approach demonstrates beautifully that comments like MacDonald’s ‘racist OED lapdogs’ are just childish displays of ignorance and bigotry.\nIn other words, Damp Squid is a fascinating book. It is full of information, but it is also fun and very readable. In short, it is everything that Cassidy’s rubbishy book is not. And even more gratifying, it is much higher on the Amazon Bestsellers Rank than How The Irish Invented Slang. Yay!!\nYou can (and should) buy the book at Amazon here: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Damp-Squid-English-Language-Laid/dp/019957409X\nThis entry was posted in The Cassidy Scandal and tagged Damp Squid, Damp Squid: The English Language Laid Bare, David Crystal, Highway 101, Jeremy Butterfield, Michael Patrick MacDonald, Myles Dungan, OED, Oxford English Dictionary, review, RTÉ, Simon Heffer on March 28, 2016 by Danielomastix.\nThe Day JFK Was Shot\nI noticed something interesting the other day in the description of Cassidy’s contribution to an oral history project at the Tamiment Library, curated by New York University. You can find the description here: http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/tamwag/aia_030/dscref56.html\nIn general, the oral history project looks interesting. There are plenty of names I’ve never heard of, along with some which will be familiar to most Irish people and even one or two who are familiar faces around Belfast, like Frank Costello.\nCassidy was interviewed by his old crony Peter Quinn. One particular detail caught my eye. It says that “Cassidy provides an insider’s perspective on the day JFK was assassinated as a rookie journalist in the newsroom of the New York Times.”\nThis is interesting, because it throws up the same problems of chronology and accuracy that bedevil every attempt to work out the details of Cassidy’s life. The problem is that Kennedy was assassinated in November of 1963. We have sporadic references to Cassidy in the Cornell Daily Sun from February 1961, when he was applying for admittance to the Chi Psi fraternity, right through February 1963 when he was made co-editor of a literary mag at Cornell called the Trojan Horse, right up to May 1965, a month before he was withdrawn from the University, when he won a university award for his poetry.\nIn other words, I am very sceptical about his ‘insider’s perspective on the day JFK was assassinated as a rookie journalist in the newsroom of the New York Times.’ Not that I’m calling Cassidy a liar or anything – I’m sure we’ve all invented a degree or two to get that plum job or written a book full of fake nonsense in a language we don’t speak at some time in our lives.\nOf course, I suppose he could have been working part-time in the New York Times while studying, or done a year’s work experience in between two years at college. It’s just that that isn’t the way Cassidy himself told it. In a radio interview with Myles Dungan broadcast on RTÉ 1 on the 11th of February 2007 (now available as a podcast), Cassidy states that he took a job with the New York Times after he finished at Cornell. Notice that he doesn’t say that he graduated (he knew, and we know, that he didn’t graduate.) Perhaps he just forgot where he was. I mean, who remembers where they were when JFK was shot?\nI must say, I know where I was. I was in my high chair eating a rusk. As the car glided on and the president crumpled, I pointed at the screen, the rusk momentarily forgotten, dripping milk and crumbs into the bowl. I was unable to speak. Well, to be honest, I only knew about four words at the time: mummy, daddy, doggie, horsey, and somehow none of them seemed quite appropriate to the gravity of the situation …\n(If anyone at the Tamiment Library would like to interview me about my traumatic experience of JFK’s death for posterity, you know where to find me.)\nSo, if Cassidy was still a student in 1963, why did he tell Peter Quinn he was in the newsroom of the New York Times? I’ll take a wee punt here. Cassidy was probably chatting to Peter Quinn one day about JFK, and in keeping with his personal philosophy that a lie is simply a fact with ambition, Cassidy probably told him about his imaginary experience in the newsroom when the news of JFK’s death came through. After all, he was in the newsroom at the New York Times just a couple of short years later, so he was well-placed to take a guess. All well and good, until Peter Quinn turns up with a tape recorder and asks him about that particular occasion. And at that point, Cassidy has the choice to do the right thing and say, Actually, Peter, that was just a humungous crock of shite, like nearly everything I’ve ever told you, or do the wrong thing and carry on lying as if his life depended on it.\nNot much of a choice if you’re Daniel Cassidy, who would sooner have stopped breathing than stop lying!\nBy the way, there’s another interesting inconsistency in the Dungan interview and the Tamiment description. In the Dungan interview, Cassidy states that he sold a script called South of Market to F.F. Coppola, who was a few years senior to him in the New York Military Academy and was nicknamed Ichabod (thank God Cassidy didn’t try to find an Irish origin for that! Ith an bod, which sounds very similar, means ‘eat the penis!’). In the Tamiment description, it says that it was a script called The Volunteer. So maybe the details are wrong. Or … maybe he never really sold any scripts to F.F Coppola at all?\nThis entry was posted in The Cassidy Scandal and tagged an Ghaeilge, Cornell Daily Sun, Cornell University, Daniel Cassidy, Francis Ford Coppola, Frank Costello, How The Irish Invented Slang, JFK, lying nonsense, Myles Dungan, New York Military Academy, NYU, oral history, RTÉ, Tamiment Library, The New York Times, Trojan Horse on February 13, 2016 by Danielomastix.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1575617"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6835686564445496,"wiki_prob":0.6835686564445496,"text":"Fefe Dobson's Current Mood: Joy\nLeave a Comment\t/ Reviews / By Joy / May 5, 2010 May 5, 2010\nI’m usually quick to turn down teeny-bopping, soda popping, lollipop-sucking music. This is one of the exceptions, and it’s not because she’s a fellow Pisces and have named her second releasing album after my name (not entirely anyway). Joy, Fefe Dobson’s official sophomore studio album (produced by both 21 Music, as well as her previous record label Island Records) is scheduled to release this month.\nThis comeback single “I Want You” is currently available on . It’s fun, it’s pop, it’s chorus repetition and everything you would expect along with a punk rock school girl video. Close your eyes and listen, she could fairly easily be mistaken for Avril Lavigne, without the skateboard. There are more tracks on the album that better showcase Dobson’s spunkiness. “U Bitch” is your typical don’t mess with my man’ anthem, with the popish chorus. But something about the versus makes you yearn for more. This time around, Dobson also slows it down and takes us on an emotional ride – whether it’s trying to fight the fear of falling for the wrong person again in “In Your Touch,” or the fear of losing the one you love in “Can’t Breathe,” which is one of my personal favorites.\nGive this Canadian girl a chance. She is pop with a twist, edgy with an attitude. And there is every reason to celebrate with Joy.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line659901"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.646068274974823,"wiki_prob":0.646068274974823,"text":"‘This is what happens when you are pregnant’: Midwives give birth to baby in rural New Mexico\nIn rural New York State, midwives are trying to save the lives of newborns by delivering their babies in a remote and dangerous environment.\nThey are trying desperately to save lives.\nThe midwives in this small New Mexico town say their first-time baby was born in mid-April, and they’ve been delivering babies since then.\nThey’re not sure if the baby survived the delivery, but their hope is that it will be OK.\nMidwives are an integral part of New Mexico’s healthcare system.\n“I don’t want to be a mother anymore,” says Valerie Williams, a midwife at the El Centro Midwife Training Center.\nWilliams was a nurse for 30 years before she joined the Midwives of New York, a group of midwives that has been rescuing babies and delivering babies in remote and mountainous New Mexico.\n“It’s not only about us, it’s about the babies and the moms.\nAnd when they’re not there, they’re our babies,” she says.\nWilliams says she has had to rescue two children.\nThe first was born on March 5th and died shortly after birth.\nWilliams says that when the baby was in her arms, the baby didn’t look like a baby.\nThis is why she and the other midwives were so determined to save their babies.\nAs Williams and other midwifery students were giving birth to the baby on March 9th, she was driving through a rural area near a small town in New Mexico where she had a rural clinic and a maternity hospital.\nWilliams was delivering her own baby when she noticed a baby with severe birth defects.\n“They were not the typical ones that we see in the clinic, the small ones that are more like the size of a small baby, that were born prematurely.\nIt’s a very serious condition,” she told ABC News.\nShe called a midwife and the midwife immediately came to the hospital and treated the newborns.\nBut when the midwives got home, they were not able to find the baby.\nThey called the police, and the police said they couldn’t find the newborn.\nThe police told them that the midwives were trying to rescue their baby.\nThey had to go back to the clinic to have the baby and it was already late in the day, the police told ABCNews.\nThey couldn’t locate the newborn and they couldn`t find any information about where the baby had been born, so they called a hotline that was set up in New York City, but it wasn`t working.\nThey also couldn` t find any pictures of the baby, so Williams and the others were forced to go to the police department to find a photo of the newborn they could send to the midawomen, but they didn`t have a picture to send.\nWilliams and the Midwifers were so desperate to save this baby that they called the Midwife of the Year Awards, a New York-based organization that supports midwives who are in crisis.\nThey were able to identify a photo that showed the baby being delivered, and then they were able help save the baby from being in a worse condition.\nNow the Mid Womens of New England is planning to start an online petition to ask New York Governor Andrew Cuomo to provide funds to help Midwives rescue babies and deliver babies.\n“I`m just doing what I can do.\nI have a great support network, and I`m trying to make sure that I`ve been in a position where I can be a hero to other midwife and midwife communities around the country,” Williams said.\nShe and the rest of the MidWomens are hoping that Cuomo will act to help the Midaws and midwives throughout the country.\n“We`re hoping that he`ll step in and provide the funding to help us find the best way to save our baby,” Williams told ABC.\nWilliams is not the only midwife in need of help.\nMidwives across the country are struggling to find ways to deliver babies safely.\nIn fact, a survey released earlier this year by the National Midwives Association shows that more than a third of midwife positions are being closed due to budget cuts.\nMidwives in New England have been forced to make sacrifices in order to save a baby from the cruel conditions in which they work.\nWilliams says that she`ll continue to do what she can to save babies from these horrible conditions.\n“When I look at my family and see my daughter, it`s just like my whole family.\nWe`re just trying to survive,” she said.\nIn an interview with ABC News, Williams said that her heart broke for her friends and family members who lost a baby in childbirth.\nWilliams has been working at the Mid Women`s Clinic for 25 years and has had the opportunity to help save babies since she was born.Williams\nPosted in AboutTagged helen stockton midwife, lpn to midwife, midwife usa","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line155026"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6123367547988892,"wiki_prob":0.6123367547988892,"text":"Advertisers Go for the Gold at the 2016 Summer Olympics\nAdvertising / Culture / Marketing / Technology\nTags: digital, Olympics, Rio 2016, summer, television\nMake sure you’re stretched and hydrated, because the biggest athletic competition in the world is just a week away. We’re talking about the Summer Olympics! This year, 206 countries will join together in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to compete in gymnastics, swimming, track and field, beach volleyball, and many more AWESOME games that promise to capture the world’s attention from August 5 to August 21.\nBut it’s not just the competition at the events that will be fierce: advertisers are also seeking gold. From Albania to Vietnam, 88 networks across the globe will broadcast the 2016 Summer Olympic Games to millions of people. That’s a pretty big target market…\nWith the growing cost of ads, the rise of digital, and the changing sponsorship rules, brands have quite a bit to take into consideration on their road to Rio.\nThere’s more money at stake.\nAnd NBCUniversal knows it. The network has the exclusive media rights to all Olympic Games content on all platforms in the United States through 2032. This year, they’ve spent $1.28 billion dollars to secure the rights to Rio 2016, and are well on their way to recouping a week before the games have even begun, with $1 billion already made in national advertising sales (including broadcast, cable, and digital).\nIn order for brands to get their own piece of the action, they will need to put down over $1 million dollars for a 30-second spot. Sure, this doesn’t quite pack the same punch as a $5 million-dollar Super Bowl commercial, but it’s a far cry from the 1988 Games’ $155,000 cost.\nDigital is in it to win it.\nPeople are watching television and videos on their phones more than ever before and digital spending is on track to surpass TV spending as early as next year. To tap into this audience, the NBC Sports App will be live streaming 4,500 hours of Olympic content. However, if you want to even be eligible to buy digital on NBCU, you’ve got to spend more than $10 million.\nAll brands are invited to compete . . . sort of.\nThe biggest shake up in Olympic advertising is the adjustment to Rule 40 from the International Olympic Committee that allows brands that are not Olympic sponsors to advertise the events. But like any game, there are rules:\nBrands can’t use any Olympic intellectual property (or “IP”). This means unless you’re one of the official sponsors (like Procter & Gamble, Coca-Cola, or McDonald’s), you can’t say things like “Olympic,” “Rio,” or “Gold.”\nAthletes and non-sponsor brands had to submit an application including full advertising and social media campaigns by January 27 to the United States Olympic Committee, and your ads had to start running by March 27. This is tough, considering that athletes haven’t even qualified at this point and no one is really thinking about the Olympics yet…\nBut it can be done! See how Under Armor made it work:\nIt’s the content that counts.\nSo with big-time dollars at stake, more advertising platforms than ever, and non-sponsor brands joining the conversation, your content has to stand out.\n>>You have to be creative:\nAds of the World: Bank of China, 2012 London Games, Beijing\nAds of the World: Bradesco Ad, Brazil\n>>You have to tap into the human element:\nNever Lose the Love, Gatorade\nAds of the World: Laundry Print Ad from Belgium\nOlympic Swimmers When They Were Just Beginners, USA Swimming\n>>You have to remind us why we love the Olympics – The Games bring a sense of global unity:\nMcDonald’s Rio 2016 Olympics: Friends Win!\nVisa | The Carpool to Rio – featuring Team Visa Olympians\nThe 2016 Summer Olympics will air through NBCUniversal August 5 – 21. Learn more about who, what, and how to watch.\nCover Images: Visa, McDonalds, Burger King, John Lewis, Coca-Cola","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line781644"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6682248711585999,"wiki_prob":0.33177512884140015,"text":"Services and Software for the Perfume, Flavor, Food and Beverage Industries\nFlavor-Base 100............... .. Juice-Master 2011\nBeverage-Master 2011 - A new version with enhanced features for Excel 2007 & 2010. The world's leading program for beverage development.\nJuice-Master 2011 - A new version with enhanced features for Excel 2007 & 2010. The leading program for development of juice containing beverages.\nNEW - Download area for Demos\nDownload Flavor-Base 2010 Demo\nMenthol Information\nCool without Menthol & Cooler than Menthol - NEW\nMenthol - Page 1 (Background & Organoleptic Propertites)\nH&R (-)-Menthol Synthesis from m-Cresol / Thymol\nTakasago (-)-Menthol Synthesis from Myrcene\nBASF (-)-Menthol Synthesis from Citral - NEW\nSynthesis of (-)-Menthol from (+)-Citronellal\nSynthesis of (-)-Menthol from (+)-Pulegone\nSynthesis of (-)-Menthol from (-)-Piperitone\nSCM-GLIDCO (-)Menthol Synthesis from (-)-beta-Phellandrene\n(-)-Menthol Synthesis from (-)-delta-3-Carene\n(-)-Menthol Synthesis from (+)-Limonene\n(-)-Menthol Synthesis from (-)-beta-Pinene\n(-)-Menthol via Lipase Resolution\n(-)-Menthol from Mesityl oxide via Piperitenone","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line59632"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7592437863349915,"wiki_prob":0.7592437863349915,"text":"American Way: Why Barack Obama’s Support for Gay Marriage is a Huge Political Gamble by the President – The Telegraph\nby John Avlon - May 13, 2012\nIt was a “profile in courage” moment from the American president, but one loaded with political risk.\nConsider the fact that just the previous day the citizens of North Carolina voted to ban same-sex marriage and all forms of civil unions by a 20-point margin, enshrining unequal treatment in their state constitution.\nThis has not been an unusual result when it has been put to the voters — more than 30 states have taken the same step, while in the half a dozen states where marriage equality is legal it has been achieved via state legislatures or judicial decision.\nIn other words, gay marriage might be morally right, especially in the eyes of the progressive base, but it is a proven loser at the ballot box. And the Obama campaign has bet big on winning North Carolina in November, deciding to hold the Democratic convention there in August.\nThe president won the state by a razor-thin 14,000 vote margin in 2008. It is an evangelical state in transition, containing both the Bible Belt and the research triangle of Duke University and the University of North Carolina, and given its resounding rejection of gay marriage, it just became an even more difficult prize for the Obama campaign to claim.\nThe same might be true for the crucial battleground states of Virginia, Florida, Ohio and Pennsylvania. In fact, of the 12 key states that will decide the winner of the 2012 election, 10 have rejected gay marriage in statewide elections.\nThe president’s self-described “evolution” on this controversial issue does parallel an evolution that has been occurring nationally. Support for gay marriage has risen from 27 per cent in the mid-90s to just over 50 per cent today. The gay civil rights movement has accelerated in the wake of the Aids epidemic and with the rise of popular openly gay celebrities such as the comedian Ellen DeGeneres. There has been a sea change in public opinion since the 1960s, but the nation remains deeply divided, and opponents tend to be more motivated than supporters when it comes to time to vote.\nAnd while 60 per cent of Americans say that the issue of gay marriage will not affect their vote this year, according to a new Gallup poll, nearly a quarter of independent voters say the president’s position makes them less likely to vote for his re-election, while only 11 per cent say it will encourage them to back him. This does not suggest the policy will be a political success. The president even risks alienating a core element of his base — African-American churchgoers, who overwhelmingly oppose gay marriage on religious grounds.\nThe Obama campaign hopes that an outpouring of support and cash from liberals will compensate for the political risks. The activist class on the professional Left has long criticised the president for being too centrist in his approach to Congress — now it has solid evidence of his leadership on a controversial issue.\nIn the days since the president’s decision, his campaign has continued to enjoy a fundraising bonanza, including a record-setting $15?million (£9.3? million) fundraiser at his friend George Clooney’s house in Hollywood.\nHowever, the Romney camp can sense the edge this unprecedented policy position creates for it in swing states. Elements of the evangelical community, which has been slow to warm to Mitt Romney’s Mormon faith, might now be more inclined to rush to his defence. There will be associated Super PACs – supposedly independent campaign groups – to spread the message that Obama is dead-set on redefining the American family. It is a policy position his opponents can use as proof for the fantasy that he is a radical president.\nBut Team Romney also finds itself in a double-bind — because it does do not want to talk about social issues at this stage of the campaign. The Obama campaign has gone from calling Romney a flip-flopper on social issues to taking his own words from the primary that he is a “severe conservative”.\nHis camp would like to spend the campaign talking about the economy — the issue it believes can help its candidate win over centrist swing voters. Every day spent talking about social issues only compounds that negative “severe conservative” image.\nPresident Obama’s best hope is that this moment of political courage is rewarded with revived respect for his leadership. Because moral leadership from the bully pulpit matters – it can help change hearts and minds. Liberal enthusiasm may be blind to the serious political risks this move might create. If the president loses the Southern and Midwestern swing states he won last time — possibly losing the White House in the process — this decision will be an important reason why.\nBut it recalls a moment recounted in the new volume of Robert Caro’s biography of Lyndon Johnson, The Passage of Power. After the assassination of John F Kennedy, the new president was warned by advisers not to pursue a civil rights agenda, arguing that it might be morally right but politically unwise in advance of the 1964 election. “Well, what the hell is the presidency for?” Johnson replied.\nHe won in a landslide.\nThis entry was posted in Columns and tagged President Obama, The Telegraph. Bookmark the permalink.\n←Gay Marriage’s Murky Constitutional Question – The Daily Beast\nAmericans Elect Failure to Find Candidate Threatens Third-Party Dreams – The Daily Beast →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line140680"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7718870043754578,"wiki_prob":0.7718870043754578,"text":"Koala Crosses Highway, Causes Six-Car Pile Up\nWhy did the bear cross the road?\nSociety Sources WORLDCRUNCH 9NEWS Weird Australia Countries\nA koala was blamed for a six-car crash in southern Australia, as reported by 9News Adelaide. Just after 7 a.m. Monday, a driver stopped to help a koala cross the South Eastern Freeway, around the city of Adelaide. The driver's vehicle was rear-ended, resulting in a chain of collisions. Though no serious injuries were reported, there were major traffic delays through the morning.\nBut did the koala get to the other side of the road? Luckily, the wandering marsupial (which national environmental laws include in a list of vulnerable species) was unharmed and taken back to safety in the wild — but not before taking the time to be filmed behind the wheel of its rescuer's car.\n9News is the national news service of the Nine Network in Australia. Founded in 1956, it is headquartered in Sydney.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line860923"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5704562664031982,"wiki_prob":0.5704562664031982,"text":"Barbara Kruger Interview on Race, Stereotypes, Public Art and Interviews (1991)\nPosted on March 28, 2015 April 25, 2020 by Editorial @ ASX\nUntitled (Your body is a battleground)\nCourtesy Mary Boone Gallery New York\n“I hate to get to you on these words, but I wouldn’t call it an agenda-but I would say that I am interested in sort of, in not just displacing and questioning stereotypes.”\nBarbara Kruger Interview, excerpt from Critical Inquiry 17, Winter 1991\nMITCHELL: Is part of the agenda of your images, then, to re-embody, or to restore the body to these stereotypes?\nKRUGER: Yeah-and I hate to get to you on these words, but I wouldn’t call it an agenda-but I would say that I am interested in sort of, in not just displacing and questioning stereotypes-of course I’m interested in that – but I also think that stereotype is a very powerful form and that stereotype sort of lives and grows off of that which was true, but since the body is absent, it can no longer be proven. It becomes a trace which cannot be removed. Stereotype functions like a stain. It becomes a memory of the body on a certain level, and it’s very problematic. But I think that when we “smash” those stereotypes, we have to make sure and think hard about what we’re replacing them with and if they should be replaced.\nMITCHELL: If stereotypes are stains, what is the bleach?\nKRUGER: Well, I wouldn’t say that there is a recipe, and I wouldn’t say “bleach.” Bleach is something which is so encoded in this racist culture that the notion of whitening as an antidote is something that should be avoided.\nMITCHELL: So you just want to stop with the stain.\nKRUGER: I don’t want to get things whiter. If anything, I would hope when I say that basically to create new spectators with new meanings, I would hope to be speaking for spectators who are women, and hopefully colleagues of mine who are spectators and people of color. Now that doesn’t mean that women and people of color can’t create horrendous stereotypes also. Of course they can. But hopefully one who has had one’s spirit tread upon can remember not to tread upon the spirit of others.\nMITCHELL: Most of your work with the problem of difference has focused on gender. Are you interested in or working on problems with ethnicity, since that certainly involves a whole other problematic of embodiment?\nKRUGER: Well, I think about that all the time. I think about it in terms of race, and culture. I think about it when I teach. I think about it in a series of posters that I do and of projects for public spaces, but I also-unlike a number of artists-feel very uncomfortable and do not want to speak for another. I basically feel that now is the time for people of color to do work which represents their experience, and I support that, and have written about that work as a writer, but do not want to speak for others. I basically feel that right now people of color can do a better job of representing themselves than white people can of representing them. It’s about time.\nUntitled (Busy going crazy)\nUntitled (I shop therefore I am)\n111″ by 113″\nphotographic silkscreen/vinyl\n“I’m not saying that something should be unreadable. I’m saying that it should be readable, but it should suggest different meanings or that it should give a meaning.”\nMITCHELL: Let me just take one further step with the problem of word and image, and try to tie it back into the issue of public art. I’m interested in the combining of words and images in the art of publicity and in traditional public art, the old-fashioned monument.\nLet me just give you a little background on what I’m thinking here. The traditional public art, say, of the nineteenth century, is supposed to have been universally readable, or at least\nit’s often invoked that way, as something that the whole public could relate to. Everybody knows what the Statue of Liberty was supposed to mean, what it “says.” When modern works of public\nart are criticized, they’re often characterized as “unreadable” in contrast to traditional works which were supposedly universally popular. The modernist monument seems to be a kind of private\nsymbol which has been inserted into the public space, as I think you said, the garnish next to the roast beef. So it looks as if modernism kept the monument in terms of its scale, and egotism, and its placement in a public site, but it eliminated the public access to meaning.\nThis is all a kind of complicated preamble to asking whether it might be possible that word-image composite work-especially coming out of the sphere of advertising and commercial publicity might make possible a new kind of public art. I know this is to bring you back to something you said you’re not terribly in love with, or you have some problem with, the whole issue of public art.\nBut, does this question make sense to you?\nKRUGER: Yeah, I think that there is an accessibility to pictures and words that we have learned to read very fluently through advertising and through the technological development of photography and film and video. Obviously. But that’s not the same as really making meanings, because film, and, well, television, really, and advertising-even though it wants to do the opposite-let’s just talk about television-it’s basically not about making meaning. It’s about dissolving meaning. To reach out and touch a very relaxed, numbed-out, vegged-out viewer. Although we are always hearing about access to information, more cable stations than ever, . . . . But it’s not about the specificity of information, about notions of history, about how life was lived, or even how it’s lived now. It’s about another kind of space. It’s about, as Baudrillard has said, “the space of fascination,” rather than the space of reading. “Fascinating” in the way that Barthes says that stupidity is fascinating. It’s this sort of incredible moment which sort of rivets us through its constancy, through its unreadability because it’s not made to be read or seen, or really it’s made to be seen but not watched. I think that we can use the fluency of that form and its ability to ingratiate, but perhaps also try to create meanings, too. Not just re-create the spectacle formally, but to take the formalities of the spectacle and put some meaning into it. Not just make a statement about the dispersion of meaning, but make it meaningful.\nMITCHELL: That’s what I was hoping you were going to say. My next question was whether you feel there’s still some place for the unreadable image or object (which I’ve always thought of as one of the modernist canons: the idea that an image has mystery and aura and can’t be deciphered).\nKRUGER: But that’s not what I’m saying. That is not what I’m saying.\nMITCHELL: You’re speaking of another kind of unreadability.\nKRUGER: I’m not saying that something should be unreadable. I’m saying that it should be readable, but it should suggest different meanings or that it should give a meaning. I’m saying that what we have now is about meaninglessness, through its familiarity, accessibility, not through its obscurity. Whereas modernism, or what I take it to be (you’ve used the word), was meaningless to people because of its inaccessibility. What the media have done today is make a thing meaningless through its accessibility. And what I’m interested in is taking that accessibility and making meaning. I’m interested in dealing with complexity, yes. But not necessarily to the end of any romance with the obscure.\nMITCHELL: There was one other question I wanted to ask you, and that’s about interviews. The old idea about artists was that they weren’t supposed to give interviews. The work was supposed to speak for itself. How do you feel about interviews?\nKRUGER: I think that the work does speak for itself to some degree absolutely. But I also feel that we’re living in a time when an artist does not have to be interpreted by others. Artists can “have” words. So it’s not like I think I’m going to blow my cover if I open my mouth.\nMITCHELL: Well, you certainly haven’t blown your cover today.\n(All rights reserved. Text @ W. J. T. Mitchell. Images @ Barbara Kruger.)\nPosted in Art, Interviews - Art and tagged Archive Highlights, Art, Barbara Kruger, Feminism, Gender Politics, Interview, Interview Highlights, Public Art, Racism.\n← London’s Capitalist Greed is Progress…\nNostalgia/Trauma Under the STATE Apparatus… →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1193699"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7018980979919434,"wiki_prob":0.7018980979919434,"text":"2 min readScientists Invent Nanoscale Window to the Biological World\nBlacksburg, VA – If the key to winning battles is knowing both your enemy and yourself, then scientists are now well on their way toward becoming the Sun Tzus of medicine by taking a giant step toward a priceless advantage – the ability to see the soldiers in action on the battlefield.\nInvestigators at the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute have invented a way to directly image biological structures at their most fundamental level and in their natural habitats. The technique is a major advancement toward the ultimate goal of imaging biological processes in action at the atomic level.\n“It’s sort of like the difference between seeing Han Solo frozen in carbonite and watching him walk around blasting stormtroopers,” said Deborah Kelly, an assistant professor at the VTC Research Institute and a lead author on the paper describing the first successful test of the new technique. “Seeing viruses, for example, in action in their natural environment is invaluable.”\nThe technique involves taking two silicon-nitride microchips with windows etched in their centres and pressing them together until only a 150-nanometer space between them remains. The researchers then fill this pocket with a liquid resembling the natural environment of the biological structure to be imaged, creating a microfluidic chamber.\nThen, because free-floating structures yield images with poor resolution, the researchers coat the microchip’s interior surface with a layer of natural biological tethers, such as antibodies, which naturally grab onto a virus and hold it in place.\nIn a recent study in Lab on a Chip, Kelly joined Sarah McDonald, also an assistant professor at the VTC Research Institute, to prove that the technique works.\nMcDonald provided a pure sample of rotavirus double-layered particles for the study.\n“What’s missing in the field of structural biology right now is dynamics – how things move in time,” said McDonald. “Debbie is developing technologies to bridge that gap, because that’s clearly the next big breakthrough that structural biology needs.”\nRotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and children. By the age of 5, nearly every child in the world has been infected at least once. And although the disease tends to be easily managed in the developed world, in developing countries rotavirus kills more than 450,000 children a year.\nAt the second step in the pathogen’s life cycle, rotavirus sheds its outer layer, which allows it to enter a cell, and becomes what is called a double-layered particle. Once its second layer is exposed, the virus is ready to begin using the cell’s own infrastructure to produce more viruses. It was the viral structure at this stage that the researchers imaged in the new study.\nKelly and McDonald coated the interior window of the microchip with antibodies to the virus. The antibodies, in turn, latched onto the rotaviruses that were injected into the microfluidic chamber and held them in place. The researchers then used a transmission electron microscope to image the prepared slide.\nThe technique worked perfectly.\nThe experiment gave results that resembled those achieved using traditional freezing methods to prepare rotavirus for electron microscopy, proving that the new technique can deliver accurate results.\n“It’s the first time scientists have imaged anything on this scale in liquid,” said Kelly.\nThe next step is to continue to develop the technique with an eye toward imaging biological structures dynamically in action.\nSpecifically, McDonald is looking to understand how rotavirus assembles, so as to better know and develop tools to combat this particular enemy of children’s health.\nThe researchers said their ongoing collaboration is an example of the cross-disciplinary work that is becoming a hallmark of the VTC Research Institute.\n“It’s an ideal collaboration because Sarah provides a phenomenal model system by which we can develop new technologies to move the field of microstructural biology forward,” said Kelly.\n“It’s very win-win,” McDonald added. “While the virus is a great tool for Debbie to develop her techniques, her technology is critical for allowing me to understand how this deadly virus assembles and changes dynamically over time.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1693493"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7471171021461487,"wiki_prob":0.2528828978538513,"text":"More Revealed About Janet's Split From Billionaire Husband\nMore details are coming out about what could have possibly led to the split. According to thejasminebrand, Jackson asked for her locks to be changed at her condo, which is the Trump International in New York.\nAs for the $500 million, it’s more like $200 million. She was entitled to $100 million if they were married at least five years. In addition, if they had a child, that payment of $100 mil would double. Jackson had their son, Eissa in January.\nThere are other reports stating their lifestyle differences is what caused rifts between them. Hana wanted a wife who was more in tune with Muslim traditions but with Janet and her profession, that’s hard to do all the time. She has toned it down since she’s been married to him but maybe that wasn’t enough.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line391300"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6364841461181641,"wiki_prob":0.36351585388183594,"text":"Spring 2015 Anime\nDrama, Harem, Psychological, Romance, School\nThe story picks up immediately after the events of Grisaia no Meikyuu, with Kazami Yuuji having been detained for suspected involvement with an international terrorist organization, lead by Heath Oslo, that has managed to enter Japan's borders with a devastating new weapon of mass destruction in hand. Meanwhile, at Mihama Academy, the remaining students find themselves with time running out - due to financial issues, the school is set to close within the month. Over the past year, though, the girls of Mihama have finally begun to find their own legs, thanks to Yuuji's involvement - are they really just…...\nThe story picks up immediately after the events of Grisaia no Meikyuu, with Kazami Yuuji having been detained for suspected involvement with an international terrorist organization, lead by Heath Oslo, that has managed to enter Japan's borders with a devastating new weapon of mass destruction in hand. Meanwhile, at Mihama Academy, the remaining students find themselves with time running out - due to financial issues, the school is set to close within the month. Over the past year, though, the girls of Mihama have finally begun to find their own legs, thanks to Yuuji's involvement - are they really just going to bury their heads in the sand and let the world change around them? And are they really willing to let the man who changed their lives slip away without so much as trying to win him back? As the end of their time at Mihama Academy approaches, Amane, Makina, Sachi, Yumiko, and Michiru find themselves arriving at a single conclusion. How much a group of students can do in the face of countries and organizations far bigger than any individual could hope to be remains to be seen. In the first place, Yuuji's position is far more complicated than any of them could have imagined, as he finds himself embroiled in an elaborate game of super-political chess revolving around both himself and an inconceivable new system slumbering in the depths of CIRS - a system that Yuuji may have more of a connection to than he thinks. One thing is for certain, though - the girls of Mihama are no longer willing to let the world steal things away from them without at least a bit of resistance first. And with help from a mysterious individual known only as Thanatos, they may just achieve their goal...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1209072"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7657329440116882,"wiki_prob":0.7657329440116882,"text":"Working around Halbig\nNicholas Bagley\nSuppose the D.C. Circuit’s decision in Halbig becomes the law of the land. If that happens, the states with federally established exchanges will come under enormous pressure to establish their own exchanges. In turn, the federal government would want to make it as easy as possible for those states to convert to state-established exchanges.\nIdeally, HHS would also want to relieve states of the need to develop new exchange infrastructure. Rollout challenges in Oregon and Massachusetts, not to mention Healthcare.gov, suggest that getting a website up and running isn’t such a simple task. What if the refusal states could just enact laws (or sign executive orders) saying they’ve “established” their exchanges, but let Healthcare.gov continue to run them?\nPointing to the text of the ACA, some critics have said that this wouldn’t work. The ACA provides that an exchange must operate through an “eligible entity.” Among other things, an entity is eligible only if it is incorporated under the laws of “1 or more States.” Because the entity that runs Healthcare.gov is federally chartered, it wouldn’t qualify.\nThat’s true, so far as it goes. But the text of the ACA leaves enough room for a workaround. A state could, for example, establish an exchange and appoint a state-incorporated entity to oversee and manage it. That state-incorporated entity could then contract with Healthcare.gov to operate the exchange. On the ground, nothing would change. But tax credits would be available where they weren’t before.\nI don’t see any legal obstacle to that approach. Larry Levitt doesn’t either; as he wrote on Twitter, “If Halbig stands, the administration could try to make it easy for states to set up state exchanges with a healthcare.gov back-end.” Switching would be pretty painless.\nTrue, not every state would accept the invitation to establish its own exchange, even if doing so were more or less a formality. But lots of states would, especially as voters started to howl about losing their tax credits. If so, even a bad outcome in Halbig might not matter that much in the end.\n@nicholas_bagley\nNicholas Bagley is a professor at University of Michigan Law School, where he teaches and writes in the areas of administrative law, regulatory theory, and health law. Prior to joining the Law School faculty in 2010, he was an attorney with the appellate staff in the Civil Division at the U.S. Department of Justice, where he argued a dozen cases before the U.S. Courts of Appeals and acted as lead counsel in many more.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1668862"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.604462206363678,"wiki_prob":0.604462206363678,"text":"Perrine Lacroix. Kontext(e)\nArchive: Perrine Lacroix. Kontext(e)\nThe exhibition of Perrine Lacroix’s work is the first time Kunsthalle Krems presents an artistic position from the AIR - ARTIST IN RESIDENCE Lower Austria programme. The exhibition acts as the beginning of a new series, which, once a year, will provide exciting insights into the strategies and working methods of international artists who have enjoyed a scholarship in Krems.\nBased in Lyon, the artist Perrine Lacroix has already garnered international attention with her multimedia installations in several solo and group exhibitions. She has run the arts center La BF15 in Lyon since 2004 and is thus actively involved in the international network of contemporary art. She stayed in Krems as part of her AIR - ARTIST IN RESICENCE Lower Austria scholarship in April of 2017.\nInspired by her stay in Krems, Perrine Lacroix’s work at Kunsthalle Krems deals with the basic requirements for exhibitions as well as the layer of meaning in pictures and objects. To what extent is context or knowledge needed to interpret pictures, if one even considers this relevant at all? The artist got to know the city of Krems, its surroundings and peculiarities via the photographic medium. The public space, in particular, is the focus of her art. Using a camera and video camera, she captured the Kunsthalle Krems’ construction in her work. It was being renovated during the period of her stay. Photos and videos of the renovated, empty showrooms point towards the aura and strong impact of work, whilst also drawing attention to the void.\nThe extent to which Perrine Lacroix deals with the concept of reality and its portrayability or rather its representation in an exhibition, is shown in Krems with an object she has serially placed, and which in turn refers to her 2017 residency in Krems. Lacroix discovered an object in the Krems Museum: the so-called Venus (also Fanny) of Galgenberg, a tiny prehistoric statuette found near Krems, which is one of the oldest known Venus figurines. Krems, however, only has a copy. The original is housed in Vienna’s Natural History Museum. Replicas can also be bought in museum shops. Lacroix places three of them in the first room of her show, illustrating how cultural goods become widely available through marketing, thus letting the viewer question the value of an original.\nPerrine Lacroix has also designed an installation of monochrome rectangular surfaces for her exhibition at the Kunsthalle Krems that show abstractions of events from the time of the Second World War in Krems. The coloured surfaces act as a pictorial commentary. In her research on Krems’ history she inevitably came across Krems’ “Hasenjagd” (hare hunt) that took place on 06.04.1945, and marks the hunting and mass shootings by National Socialists of just-released (mainly political) prisoners from Krems’ detention center “Stein”. Lacroix conducted a Google Image Search for the date and discovered that if the Internet connection is slow, the results first appear as coloured boxes in the results. These are, so to speak, the voids of image realities and their contents, which are algorithmically provided by Google. For Perrine Lacroix, these blanks represent the complex problem of attributing meaning to things and also the fundamental question of what images can even convey. She has developed the idea of a memorial from this, which she transforms into a room installation at the Kunsthalle Krems, also in a wallpainting in the Stadtpark Krems.\nCurator: Andreas Hoffer\nGoogle search AVRIL 45 KREMS, Wallpaintings, various dimensions © Perrine Lacroix\nSaturday, November 24, 2018, 6.30 pm\nKunsthalle Krems\nFranz-Zeller-Platz 3, 3500 Krems an der Donau\nDuration: 24.11.2018–10.02.2019","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line331003"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5912810564041138,"wiki_prob":0.5912810564041138,"text":"Information about crime comes from two primary sources: survey responses from victims about crimes they experienced and administrative data from law enforcement agencies about crimes reported to them. Victim survey responses capture information on crimes reported to the police, as well as those crimes that were not reported. Crime data from law enforcement agencies reflect those crimes reported to and recorded by police.\nThe Nation's Two Crime Measures\nDepartment of Justice agencies collect both survey and administrative data on crime.\nBJS's National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) captures incident-level data on reported and unreported crime from the victim's perspective\nFBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program Summary Reporting System (SRS) collects summary-based counts of crime reported by law enforcement\nSimilar to many other indicators used to assess conditions in the United States, these two indicators of crime complement each other to produce a more comprehensive portrait of the nation's crime problem.\nSome of the differences between SRS and NCVS are—\nSummary Reporting System National Crime Victimization Survey\nNational and state estimates, local agency reports\nData can be aggregated to county-level and federal judicial district\nNational estimates\nCollection method Reports by law enforcement to the FBI on a monthly basis Survey data obtained from a nationally representative sample of about 240,000 interviews, which involves 160,000 unique persons in about 95,000 households.\nMeasures Aggregate counts of 10 offense types reported by law enforcement Reported and unreported crime; details about the crimes, victims, and offenders\nFor more information about the UCR and the NCVS, see The Nation's Two Crime Measures.\nOn January 1, 2021, the SRS was retired, and the FBI UCR Program transitioned to incident-based submissions of reported crime data to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). For more information on the transition to NIBRS, see the National Crime Statistics Exchange (NCS-X) program page.\n2018 Update on Prisoner Recidivism: A 9-Year Follow-up Period (2005-2014)\nRace and Hispanic Origin of Victims and Offenders, 2012-15\nRepeat Violent Victimization, 2005-14\nView related publications\nRecent Data Collections\nCity-Level Survey of Crime Victimization and Citizen Attitudes\nEmergency Room Statistics on Intentional Violence\nHuman Trafficking Reporting System (HTRS)\nView related Data Collections\nWhy is there more than one set of national numbers about the crime rate and which one is right?\nThere are two national crime series which have data on crime rates and trends. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is based upon a sample of households and includes both crimes that are reported to police and those that are not reported. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is based upon local police reports which are compiled by the FBI. The two data series complement each other and both are “right” in terms of measuring what they are designed to measure. Please see the report, The Nation’s Two Crime Measures (NCJ 246832, BJS web), for more information.\nWhat is the National Crime Victimization Survey?\nThe Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is the nation's primary source of information on criminal victimization. Each year, data are obtained from a nationally representative sample of about 240,000 persons in about 150,000 households on the frequency, characteristics, and consequences of criminal victimization in the United States. The NCVS collects information on nonfatal personal crimes (rape or sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault, and personal larceny) and household property crimes (burglary, motor vehicle theft, and other theft) both reported and not reported to police. Survey respondents provide information about themselves (e.g., age, sex, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, education level, and income) and whether they experienced a victimization. For each victimization incident, the NCVS collects information about the offender (e.g., age, race and Hispanic origin, sex, and victim-offender relationship), characteristics of the crime (including time and place of occurrence, use of weapons, nature of injury, and economic consequences), whether the crime was reported to police, reasons the crime was or was not reported, and victim experiences with the criminal justice system.\nDo you have any information on crime victims with disabilities?\nYes. The information is available in the Crime Against People with Disabilities series.\nView all related FAQs\nAn unlawful physical attack or threat of attack. Assaults may be classified as aggravated or simple. Rape, attempted rape, and sexual assaults are excluded from this category, as well as robbery and attempted robbery. The severity of assaults ranges from minor threats to nearly fatal incidents.\nA specific criminal act involving one or more victims and offenders. For example, if two people are robbed at the same time and place, this is classified as two robbery victimizations but only one robbery incident.\nMultiple offenders\nTwo or more persons inflicting some direct harm to a victim. The victim-offender relationship is determined by the offender with the closest relationship to the victim. The following list ranks the different relationships from closest to most distant: spouse, former spouse, parent, child, other relative, nonrelative well known person, casual acquaintance, or stranger. See \"Nonstranger\" and \"Stranger.\"\nRape, sexual assault, personal robbery, assault, purse snatching, and pocket picking. This category includes both attempted and completed crimes.\nA crime as it affects one individual person or household. For personal crimes, the number of victimizations is equal to the number of victims involved. The number of victimizations may be greater than the number of incidents because more than one person may be victimized during an incident. Each crime against a household is assumed to involve a single victim, the affected household.\nDate Created: February 18, 2021\nBias-Motivated/Hate Crime\nIdentity Theft and Financial Fraud\nLatest Crime Data\nInterested in Statistics?\nSign up for email notices of new crime and justice statistical materials as they become available from BJS.\nView related awards","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line593746"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5107925534248352,"wiki_prob":0.5107925534248352,"text":"The Lebanese State resembles a failed State that doesn’t provide its citizens with the most basic public services, can’t ensure its monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force and since last year doesn’t dispose of a valid parliament. On top of that the Lebanese citizens’ political and social identity and even rights are constantly confined to their sectarian belonging. The Lebanese are aware of the difficult conditions they are living in and to many it seems clear that the current sectarian political system and the corruption resulting from it, prevents the Lebanese society from advancing towards a functional State and a common and peaceful future. However political activism against the sectarian system is almost nonexistent, especially among the educated youth that one would expect to have the fiercest reaction, - but in particular the younger generations appear to have resigned. This impression is confirmed by the elaborate analysis of the Lebanese society that scholar Theodor Hanf conducted in 2006. He asserts that the Lebanese have become more pessimistic regarding their future, compared to statistics from during the Civil War. Therefore the Lebanese overall tend to be more cautious about change which they fear could lead to an even worse scenario. It is important to notice that in 2006 70% of the population felt that they couldn’t bring about any social change. This expression of resignation and desperation was surprisingly even higher among young and better educated people.[1] Many Lebanese, like the lawyer Nadine Moussa, who was supposed to run as a candidate for the parliamentarian elections in 2013 on behalf of the political movement “Take Back Parliament”, were awaiting eagerly the overdue awakening of the Lebanese youth:\n“I was always amazed, especially after the Arab Spring, […] at the passivity of the Lebanese youth and I believe strongly that you can’t make a change without the youth.”[2]\n(Nadine Moussa, 2013)\nAccording to Hanf’s research, in 1984 75% of the Lebanese citizens were in favor of a completely secular state. In 2006 this number had decreased to 65% which was still a significant majority. That same year, 69% of the Lebanese said, however, that secularization doesn’t stand a chance and that community membership is a reality one has to accept. This result reflects a contradiction between the people’s desire and expectations.[3] The prevalent apathy among the youth can be explained by different coping mechanisms with the political situation. The civil society activist Mazen Abou Hamdan who works for the Lebanese Association for Civil Rights (LACR) divides the Lebanese youth into three different categories, none of which constitutes a real challenge to the system:\nWhat we are facing among the youth in Lebanon is either frustration and therefore indifference, or sectarianism, […]. And we have a group of youth who are angry at the situation, but they don’t know how to solve it or deal with it. They just go down on the streets and say down with sectarianism, but that doesn’t really work.\n(Mazen Abou Hamdan, 2013)\nWhen Take Back Parliament (TBP) a political secular movement, was established in 2012 by a group of young Lebanese who want to abolish the sectarian and corrupted political system, the initiative was received very positively, because it finally offered an organized platform to the secular youth to express itself politically. A large number of Lebanese had already come together before in 2011 under the banner of anti-sectarianism, but the movement wasn’t organized well enough and remained too little political and clear in its aspirations, so it could be exploited by the same sectarian parties it was initially up against. TBP set itself apart as the only secular political movement with well defined goals, initiated by young Lebanese who tried to reach out to all like-minded people in the past years. They managed to organize themselves as a group of volunteers with no dependency on internal or external political actors and with the aspiration to transcend sects and religious groups with their agenda. Through social media the movement managed progressively to make a name for itself and present its political programme. However the movement also came across a lot of scepticism by people who didn’t believe that a completely independent secular movement is feasible and could be influential in Lebanese politics. More than a year after TBP's experience started it is necessary to study the initiative critically by investigating which challenges secular movements in Lebanon face when it comes to establishing their internal organization and identity. On the other hand through the study of the movement, the research touches on the Lebanese political context which still presents many obstacles for political alternatives trying to find their way into the well established political system confined to the prevalent political parties. The research seeks to explain that the attempt to infiltrate the political system by TBP shouldn’t pass unnoticed as it points to the feeling of political misrepresentation and the quest for political alternatives. In order to foreshadow future trends in Lebanese political movements the research tries to enhance the comprehension of these activists’ vision of secular activism in Lebanon, because in the future the political alternatives to the already existing parties will be shaped by them and composed of them. Even though the group is no longer active since the summer 2013, it merits to be asked to what extent this new form of political secular movements has contributed to the development of secular movements in Lebanon. By doing so, it is hoped that other movements can build on its achievements and learn from its shortages in the continuing Lebanese struggle for a secular State.\n[1] Letters from Byblos, Theodor Hanf „E pluribus unum? Lebanese attitudes and opinions on coexistence“\n[2] All information on the interviews led by the author can be found under Bibliography; Primary Sources\nHeinrich-Böll Stiftung Middle East","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line707435"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8692182898521423,"wiki_prob":0.8692182898521423,"text":"Rediff.com » News » Pakistan is the epicentre of terrorism: US\nPakistan is the epicentre of terrorism: US\nLast updated on: January 13, 2011 11:10 IST\n'Pakistan is the epicentre of terrorism'\nIn his first briefing in 2011 on the United States National Security Strategy Update, Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Admiral Mike Mullen, while replying to a query, blurted out that Pakistan is the epicenter of terrorism in the world.\n\"I have said it before and I'll say it again, it (Pakistan) is the epicenter of terrorism in the world right now, and it deserves the attention of everybody to do as much as we can to eliminate that threat,\" Mullen said during an appearance at the Foreign Press Centre in Washington, DC.\nHe argued that \"progress in Pakistan is critical in terms of the region,\" and pointed out that \"since I've had this job, I've never talked or wanted to leave the impression that it was about one country or the other, because it's about the region.\"\nThus, he said that there cannot be any progress in Afghanistan without progress in Pakistan and that this meant shutting down the terrorist safe havens in that country.\nReportage: Aziz Haniffa in Washington, DC\nImage: Rescue workers and police survey a school van damaged after a bomb explosion in Peshawar, Pakistan\nPhotographs: Fayaz Aziz/Reuters\n'This threat is evolving'\nMullen said, \"Obviously the recent assassination, the political challenges that we've seen with MQM (Muttahida Qaumi Movement political party) leaving and returning to the coalition to ensure that that government doesn't fall, I think that the political aspect is something I keep an eye on all the time.\"\nBut he asserted, \"It is absolutely critical that the safe havens in Pakistan get shut down. We cannot succeed in Afghanistan without that. I've had many meetings with (Pakistan army chief) General (Ashfaq) Kayani on this subject and he has evolved his military against this threat.\"\n\"This threat is evolving as well, because it's not just the Haqqani network anymore, or Al Qaida, or TTT [Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan, or Pakistani Taliban], the Afghan Taliban, or LeT [Lashkar-e-Tayiba], it's all of them working together in ways that two years ago they absolutely did not,\" he noted.\nImage: Paramilitary soldiers stand guard as plumes of smoke rise from a burning fuel tanker in Baluchistan\nPhotographs: Saeed Ali Achakzai/Reuters\n'That is a call for action'\nMullen said, \"One of the things that I spoke to in my remarks was support for this reconciliation process, and that process includes everything, not just the Afghan Taliban, in terms of getting to a point where Afghanistan is peaceful and stable and can take control of its own life and move forward in every respect.\"\nIncidentally, Mullen has made several trips to Pakistan since the US launched its war on terror. When asked if he believed Pakistan is doing enough to shut down the terrorist havens within its borders and what excuse Islamabad offers him every time he expresses these concerns, the top military official said, \"I don't go into specifics of discussions that I've had, private conversations that I've had.\"\n\"Strategically, the safe havens have got to go. When I talk about the region, it isn't just Afghanistan and Pakistan. We had a question earlier about Iran. I talk about this with my Russian counterpart. The neighbours in the area include India. I think we all have a responsibility and we all want to see this resolved as rapidly as possible. That is a call for action for everybody that's involved in this,\" he argued.\nImage: A photographer walks through the door of the cafeteria of the University of Karachi after a blast\nPhotographs: Athar Hussain/Reuters\n'The Taliban have lost momentum'\nEarlier, in his opening remarks, Mullen claimed that the coalition forces had the Taliban on the run in Afghanistan and painted a picture of impending victory, till he was checked by a question on why he was offering up such a picture when most of the reports pointed to the contrary.\nHe said, \"There's no question that the Taliban have lost momentum in parts of the south and in the east, and that the growth and development of Afghan National Security Forces is progressing in a much more organised way at a quicker pace than we had expected\nMullen noted, \"A couple of weeks ago I had the opportunity to go to Kandahar and Helmand Provinces to visit with our troops and see first-hand the good work they and their Afghan partners are doing. The enemy is being pushed out of population centers; he is being denied sanctuary, he is losing leaders by the score, and his scare tactics are being rejected by local citizens.\"\nImage: Afghan fire fighters wash the site of a suicide bomb attack in Kabul\nPhotographs: Ahmad Masood/Reuters\n'The enemy is losing'\n\"While I was not surprised to see this sort of progress in Nawa and Marjah, I will admit to some surprise at seeing it take root around Kandahar, particularly in Arghandab and Zhari where the enemy is not accustomed to losing. Nevertheless, he is losing and I have every confidence that he will continue to lose so long as coalition and Afghan forces increase their presence and their pressure on his operations and improve their own capacity,\" he said\nBut when told that he had painted an extremely rosy picture of the success of coalition forces, Mullen quickly backpedaled to say, \"If I left you the impression that it was rosy, that's the wrong impression. It is a very difficult fight. It is a very difficult time in this conflict.\"\nHe added cautiously, \"I am encouraged, but I do not want to understate in any way, shape or form the difficulty of the task. It clearly continues to be severe.\"\nImage: Afghan security forces are seen through the window of a Kabul bakery, at the site of a bomb blast\nPakistan is still terror's playground\nDr Singh is good, but not his party: Pakistan\n'Pakistan's smirk has changed into a smile'\nFinns are happiest, Indians 45th, Pakistan last\nAn India-Pakistan Peace Caravan to nowhere?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line976441"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7710064053535461,"wiki_prob":0.7710064053535461,"text":"Home | About | Team\nWe care about quilts, and hope you do too!\nOUR NIMBLE STAFF AND VOLUNTEER BOARD MAKE A LOT OUT OF A LITTLE\nAmy Milne\nAmy Milne has been the executive director of the Quilt Alliance since 2006. She has two decades of experience as a nonprofit administrator, educator and artist. Amy has overseen the expansion of the Quilt Alliance’s oral history projects, including the creation of the Go Tell It at the Quilt Show! project, as well as the Quilt Alliance’s biennial Not Fade Away: Sharing Quilt Stories in the Digital Age conference.\nDeb Josephs\nDebby Josephs, Office Manager, has worked in the nonprofit field for more than 15 years. Before moving to Asheville in 2006, Debby worked as office manager for Partnership in Philanthropy in Chatham, New Jersey, a nonprofit offering consulting and educational services to small nonprofits in the state. After graduating from the University of Wisconsin in Madison, she worked in the research department of Pershing and Co., a Wall Street firm in New York City.\nDebby works in the Asheville office where she says it’s very exciting to be headquartered. “It’s a town filled with people who understand and appreciate the nature of nonprofits and all the hard work that goes into sustaining them.”\nEmma Parker has worked for the Quilt Alliance since 2012, and has helped to develop the Go Tell It at the Quilt Show! program and streamline and revise the QSOS interview and training process. She has collected and edited over 400 Go Tell It at the Quilt Show! interviews at International Quilt Festival, QuiltCon, and the International Quilt Study Center & Museum. She holds degrees in Folklore & Library Science from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.\nMary Kay Batte\nMary Kay (Micki) Batte is a retired Financial Analyst from Pratt Whitney Aircraft. Taking her first quilting class in 1983 quilting became a major part of her life not only as an art form but, also, opening opportunities to work and share in her community and beyond. She is active in the Asheville Quilt Guild filling many positions including Quilt Show Chair, Guild Projects and Guild Liason to organizations as NC Arboretum, Mission Hospital (Camp Bluebird) and, in 2005 part of the research team which resulted Quilt Alliance’s move to Asheville.\nEaramichia Brown\nEaramichia “Encyclopedia” Brown: My love of fiber arts and all things craft began as a child. My family had a set of the World Book Encyclopedia series and the Childcraft – The How and Why Library. Within that Childcraft series there was a volume called “Make and Do”, which I did plenty of. I wanted to become a fashion designer, but settled for plan B. I am an attorney by day to support my love of fiber.\nMy love of crafts and fiber continued to flourish throughout the years as a hobby, side jobs, and gift giving. I became an avid knitter, designed and knitted garments as gifts and by commissions, and taught knitting. In 2000, I was introduced to quilting and began taking sewing classes to improve on my techniques and learn the tips of this craft. And the story continues as I continue to grow creatively.\nLearn more about Earamichia at www.cocktailsandthread.com\nMary Kay Davis\nMary Kay began quilting in 1996 on a “quilt-as-you-go” project and hasn’t stopped since. She loves a good challenge and has entered numerous quilt shows and contests. Her quilts have won national contests and have hung in the National Quilt Museum in Paducah. She has also contributed to a number of books and magazines including 500 Traditional Quilts from Lark Books and 100 Tips from Award Winning Quilters from AQS.\nCurrently Mary Kay works at The Quilt Show.com with Alex Anderson and Ricky Tims as a website editor, photographer, and videographer. She also serves as a production assistant for their online web show. Her creative muse is served as a pattern designer for Blend Fabrics LLC and Anna Griffin, Inc.\nA graduate from San Jose State University with a degree in Information Resource Management, she worked for years in the local area networking industry in Silicon Valley. Upon retirement, she began working in a local quilt shop, teaching classes, and occasionally giving guild lectures. She spends her spare time hanging out with her two grown sons and cheering on her beloved San Francisco Giants.\nFrances O’Roark Dowell\nFrances O’Roark Dowell is the bestselling author of over twenty books for young readers, including Dovey Coe (winner of a 2001 Edgar Award and the William Allen White Award); The Secret Language of Girls trilogy, Chicken Boy (an ALA Notable Book and an NCTE Notable Book), Shooting the Moon (winner of the Christophe Award and a Boston Globe-Horn Book Award honor book), The Phineas L. Maguire series and most recently, the Sam the Man books, a chapter book series for early readers. She has also published fiction for adult readers, including Birds in the Air, a novel, and the story collection, Margaret Goes Modern and Other Stories. Her novel, Friendship Album, 1933, is available via the Quilt Fiction podcast.\nAlong with writing and molding her sons into men of distinction (or at the very least high school graduates—one down, one to go), quiltmaking occupies much of Dowell’s time. She began making quilts in 2007 and started a quilting podcast, “The Off-Kilter Quilt,” in 2010. Dowell has a deep interest in quilt history and the documentation of quilts and the quilting community. In 2015, she and her husband made a short documentary on Uncle Eli’s Quilting Party, an annual quilting event that began in 1931, in Alamance County, NC.\nH. Mark Dunn\nBoard Vice President\nMark Dunn, president and owner of Moda Fabrics in Dallas, Texas, began his career in Asheville, North Carolina, in 1966 as a third generation thread and yarn sales representative. In 1975 he started Moda Fabrics as a company to specialize in supplying independent sewing and quilting stores. Moda designs, prints and distributes high quality cotton fabrics as well as 60,000 unique items for specialty quilt stores. Moda Fabrics supplies over 4,000 independent quilt specialty stores throughout the U.S. and 20 other countries on 5 continents. Currently, Moda Fabrics is developing an educational department to work with schools and charitable organizations. Mark received the “Man of the Year” in 1985 for the sewing industry from the American Jewish Committee. He is a member of the Board of Directors of Quilts, Inc. Houston, Texas. Previously, he was a member of the international group, Inter-Sew, that was dedicated to the preservation of the craft of quilting. Dunn attended the University of South Carolina but has lived in Dallas, Texas for the past 33 years. Dunn is committed to promoting and preserving the art form of quilting.\nLisa Ellis\nBoard Treasurer\nLisa Ellis is a quilt artist, teacher and lecturer. She is passionate about quilting and using quilts to make the world a better place. She frequently lectures on healing quilts and inspires quilters to get involved in using their love of quilting to improve health care centers and hospitals. Ellis has directed a number of projects for healing-related installations including Walter Reed Army Medical Center, the University of Michigan, Auburn University, National Institutes of Health and INOVA Fair Oaks Hospital.\nEllis is the director of the non-profit organization Sacred Threads. Sacred Threads is a biennial exhibition dedicated to sharing our most personal quilts with themes of spirituality, joy, inspiration, healing, grief and peace/brotherhood.\nShe has advanced degrees in Math and Computer Science and worked for 23 years in the defense and information technology industry as an engineer, project manager and executive. Ellis retired in 2003 to focus her energies on volunteer work and her passion for the arts. In 2010, she started her own company, Giving Back Technology that provides information technology services to non-profit museums, galleries and other art organizations.\nEllis was elected in 2012 to the Board of Directors of the Quilt Alliance and is currently serving as Treasurer. Also in 2012 she joined the Board of Directors of Studio Art Quilt Associates (SAQA) as in currently serving as Vice President for Strategic Planning.\nTo learn more visit www.ellisquilts.com\nLaura Hopper\nLaura Hopper is a historian, curator, writer, and quilter. She works as the Associate Editor of Quiltfolk magazine, a dream job that combines her love of quilts with her skills in research and oral history. At Quiltfolk, Laura has profiled quilt scholars, museums, quilt industry professionals, designers, artists, and quilters from all walks of life.\nLaura holds a bachelor’s degree in history and museum studies, a master’s degree in public history, and a certificate in textile preservation. She worked for nearly fifteen years as an award-winning museum curator with previous experience at the Newberry Library, the Michigan State University Museum, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, the Mitchell Museum of the American Indian, and more. Before starting her job with Quiltfolk, Laura was the curator at the Pick Museum of Anthropology at Northern Illinois University, an academic museum with a strong collection of textiles. Her exhibits won awards from the Illinois Association of Museums and the American Association of State and Local History and in 2018, she was the recipient of NIU’s Women Who Make a Difference Award in recognition of her work on a quilt exhibit. A community quiltmaking project she co-facilitated at NIU is the subject of a short documentary called The Women in Science Quilt Project.\nLaura trained as a classical violist for a decade and stays connected to her musical past by making quilts inspired by music. Her quilts have been juried into QuiltCon, the International Quilt Festival and more. She currently serves as the President of the Chicago Modern Quilt Guild and as a former board member of the Social Justice Sewing Academy. Born in Germany and raised in Michigan and Texas, she now lives near Chicago with her spouse and their dog Taco.\nCarolyn L. Mazloomi\nDr. Carolyn Mazloomi is a historian, curator, author, lecturer, artist, mentor, founder, and facilitator — and has left her mark on many lives. Trained as an aerospace engineer, Carolyn Mazloomi turned her sites and tireless efforts in the 1980s to bring the many unrecognized contributions of African-American quilt artists to the attention of the American people as well as the international art communities.\nFrom founding the African-American Quilt Guild of Los Angles in 1981 to in 1985 founding the Women of Color Quilters Network (WCQN), Mazloomi has been at the forefront of educating the public about the diversity of interpretation, styles and techniques among African American quilters as well as educating a younger generation of African Americans about their own history through the quilts the WCQN members create.\nA major force as an artist in her own right, Carolyn Mazloomi’s quilts have been exhibited extensively in venues such as the Mint Museum, American Folk Art Museum in New York City, National Civil Rights Museum, Museum of Art and Design, Wadsworth Atheneum Museum, and the Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC Her pictorial narrative quilts make plain her personal themes: family life, women’s rights, political freedom, and musical legacy. Her own quilts have appeared in over 70 exhibits, while she has curated 17 extensive exhibits of quilts made by members of the Women of Color Quilters Network, many of them traveling exhibits. Among the many exhibitions she has curated is “Still We Rise: Race, Culture and Visual Conversations,” which visually surveys 400 years of African American history. It is the largest traveling exhibit of African-American quilts ever mounted.\nBradley Mitchell\nBradley Mitchell’s formal education is centered around Marketing, Management, Events and Branding. Mitchell is originally from the historic spa town of Ilkley, England, an area of rich textile heritage and still home to the looms of British tailor,Thomas Burberry and the UNESCO world heritage site of Saltaire.\nMitchell joined the industry in 2014 and is the Director of Marketing at Aurifil Threads, an Italian company, famous worldwide for the manufacture of Egyptian cottons. Mitchell currently resides in Chicago, IL where he is project managing the establishment of Aurifil USA’s new flagship HQ.\nGwen Westerman\nA poet and fiber artist, Gwen Westerman lives in southern Minnesota, as did her Dakota ancestors. Her roots are deep in the landscape of the tallgrass prairie, and reveal themselves in her art and writing through the languages and traditions of her family. She is an enrolled member of the Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate, and Professor in English and Humanities at Minnesota State University, Mankato. Her quilts have won awards at the juried shows of the Northern Plains Indian Art Market, the Heard\nMuseum Guild Indian Art Fair & Market, and the Eiteljorg, and have been exhibited in Minneapolis, Sioux Falls, Anchorage, Houston, Tulsa, Fargo, and Lincoln. She is the author Follow the Blackbirds, a poetry collection in Dakota and English, and co-author of Mni Sota Makoce: Land of the Dakota, a history of Dakota land tenure in Minnesota.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line880983"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7585556507110596,"wiki_prob":0.7585556507110596,"text":"trinity church facts\nTODAY & TOMORROW’S OPENING TIMES & CLOSURES. [16], During the September 11 attacks, people took refuge inside the church from the massive debris cloud produced by the first World Trade Center tower collapse. It was Grade I listed in 1968. American History for Kids, Jan 2021. Trinity's main building is a National Historic Landmark as well as a New York City designated landmark. Trinity Church is a church within Trinity Plaza in 2287. On July 9, 1976, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh visited Trinity Church. In 1959, the Internal Revenue Service sued over the compensation of the church's property manager, but the church prevailed in Stanton v. United States. < https://www.americanhistoryforkids.com/trinity-church/ >. The attempt was even revived in the 20th century. [19] On December 17, 2011, occupiers and a few clergy attempted to occupy LentSpace, which is surrounded by a chain-link fence. + Grace Chapel in Fruitland Park had a membership of 40 prior to the founding of Holy Trinity in 1886. The church was destroyed in the Great New York City Fire of 1776, which started in the Fighting Cocks Tavern, destroying between 400 and 500 buildings and houses, and leaving thousands of New Yorkers homeless. They are three distinct aspects, yet they are inseparable and together constitute one unified human being. It shares this belief with two other major world religions, Judaism and Islam. [1] When the Episcopal Bishop of New York consecrated Trinity Church on Ascension Day (May 1) 1846, its soaring Gothic Revival spire, surmounted by a gilded cross, dominated the skyline of lower Manhattan. \"Digital redraft of the Castello Plan of New Amsterdam in New Netherland in 1660 [Beta]\", \"INDEX TO PLOTS ON THE CASTELLO PLAN MAP\", \"Question of the Day: Trinity's Very Own Pirate? The Trinity is a tricky concept to understand. It is instrumental in the establishment of Good Samaritan Hospital (1873) and the Trinity Mission Chapel (St. Mark's parish). It was completed in 1877 and is made of granite. Nonetheless, proponents of such t… 1883 – The union church with the Reformed congregation was dissolved, and Trinity built a separate Lutheran church. Trinity Church of New York was an important site during the American Revolution and the founding era of the United States of America. [5] Although Trinity Church has sold off much of the land that was part of the royal grant from Queen Anne,[28] it is still one of the largest landowners in New York City with 14 acres of Manhattan real estate including 5.5 million square feet (510,000 m2) of commercial space in Hudson Square. 14. Fax (763) 533-3680. \"It is so exciting to watch the growth of Holy Trinity Classical Christian School because it is evidence of what happens when you put God as the focus in the development of young minds and souls. Diagrams of the Trinity. Trinity was founded in 1871 and has provided spiritual support, community outreach and pastoral care to this region for almost 150 years. Known for its history, location, architecture and endowment, Trinity is a traditional high church, with an active parish centered around the Episcopal Church and the worldwide Anglican Communion in missionary, outreach, and fellowship. It can accommodate up to 30 worshipers. ; Outline of the Legal History of the Trinity \"Church Farm. Trinity Lutheran Church, 120 Sunset Drive, Butler, PA, 16001, United States (724) 287-1977 [email protected] Later, in 1709, William Huddleston founded Trinity School as the Charity School of the church, and classes were originally held in the steeple of the church. It offered both moral and practical support to the demonstrators but balked when protesters demanded an encampment on church-owned land called LentSpace, adjoining Juan Pablo Duarte Square in the neighborhood of Hudson Square. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The basis of the lawsuits was that only five of Bogardus' six heirs had conveyed the land to the English crown in 1671. Trinity, in Christian doctrine, the unity of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as three persons in one Godhead. Construction on the second Trinity Church building began in 1788; it was consecrated in 1790. While dwarfed by skyscrapers today, it still holds an important place in New York history. Trinity is also home to a Youth Chorus, Youth Orchestra, Family Choir, Downtown Voices, change bell ringers, and a wide variety of arts programming through Congregational Arts. Our historic church is a living beacon calling all for worship, fellowship, and growth in the grace and knowledge of our Lord. Phone (763) 533-0600. Add an embed URL or code. [35][36] The church was connected to the previous building by a footbridge, which was preserved during demolition, and will be connected to the new building upon its completion. Trinity Parish, 1821. TODAY & TOMORROW’S SERVICES NEXT WEEK'S SERVICES. During the American Revolutionary War the city became the British military and political base of operations in North America, following the departure of General George Washington and the Continental Army shortly after Battle of Long Island and subsequent local defeats. Welcome to Trinity Methodist and The United Reformed Church, Porthcawl. Add Holy Trinity Church, Lickey to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media. Holy Trinity Church is an active parish church in Stratford, on the banks of the River Avon and used as a place of worship for over 1,000 years. In April 1977, application was made synod for a Vicar to assist our congregation. ©2019 by Trinity Church Project. VISITING HOLY TRINITY CHURCH. It partners with many organizations, such as Habitat for Humanity. St. Paul's Chapel was used while the second Trinity Church was being built. History of Trinity Baptist Church. Construction for Trinity Church began in 1872, after the original church burned down. The impressive church was designed by Henry Hobson Richardson and is the first instance of the Richardsonian Romanesque style. The three persons of the Trinity are all God. Six days later, most of the city's volunteer firemen followed General Washington north. The mainstay of Trinity's music program is The Choir of Trinity Wall Street, a professional ensemble that leads liturgical music at Trinity Church and St. Paul's Chapel, presents new-music concerts in New York City, produces recordings, and performs in international tours. The Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church Fast Facts. Holy Trinity Church is a heritage-listed Anglican church at 39 Gordon Street, Mackay, Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia. #DYK that last year’s Greek Festival brought in over 170,000 attendees? The entire music program is under the leadership of Julian Wachner, Director of Music and the Arts, a renowned conductor, composer, and keyboard artist. [5][30] The parish's annual revenue from its real estate holdings was $158 million in 2011 with net income of $38 million,[5] making it perhaps one of the richest individual parishes in the world. Located on the plaza in downtown St. Augustine, Trinity Parish was established when Florida became a territory of the United States. The church houses several sculptures, beautiful stained glass windows, and more than 21,000 square feet of murals painted by John LaForge. Question: What is Trinity Church known for? The installation work was carried out by Taylors, Eayre and Smith of Loughborough, England, in September 2006. Named after the village of Izmailovo, near Moscow, the Izmailovsky regiment moved to Petersburg when the northern city was re-established as the Russian capital under Empress Anne. The first Trinity Church building was a single-story rectangular structure facing the Hudson River, which was constructed in 1698 and destroyed in the Great New York City Fire of 1776. In the churchyard is the supposed grave of the giant Jack o'Legs \"TRINITY CHURCH PROPERTY. Trinity Church Quick Facts. Answer: Besides being a very old church, Trinity Church is known for its community service and programs for children, teens, families, and the poor. Building a bigger church was beneficial because the population of New York City was expanding. Christians believe that the idea of the Trinity is found in the Bible, and it is a key concept of all of the Creeds of the Christian Church. The land on which it was built was formerly a formal garden and then a burial ground. Parish Facts. Trinity Church is one of the oldest church buildings in the City of Perth, and one of the few remaining 19th-century colonial buildings in the city. 12-27-20 Trinity Call To Prayer Happy New Year! The doctrine of the Trinity is considered to be one of the central Christian affirmations about God. Why do Christians believe in a Trinity? Besides its building, Trinity manages real estate properties with a combined worth of over $6 billion as of 2019[update]. Built from 1872 to 1877, Trinity Church is part of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts parish. Yet the history of the congregation extends much further—to the first Methodist preaching in Albany by Captain Thomas Webb in 1765. Twenty-five Trinity members were released to form Redeemer Lutheran Church and dedicating Aurora’s new church building September 1958. Trinity Church held the title of tallest building in the United States until 1869, when it was surpassed by St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago. Holy Trinity is where William Shakespeare was baptised, worshipped and is buried. Myths & Facts. we had a conversation with the with maybe twenty members of the church on Thursday to just hear where people were had another conversation with members of the men's group on Saturday morning. With considerable membership growth, overcrowded conditions soon caused Trinity to initiate two Sunday morning services, which began December 12, 1955. Visit Trinity Church virtually or watch a service online. It is the southernmost Eastern Orthodox Church in the world. The article by Paul W. Wehr, cited below, provides a couple of interesting statistics pertinent to Holy Trinity’s first years of existence. Donate. Three more bells were added later. Modern Denominational Statements on the Trinity . Charles Inglis served throughout the war and then to Nova Scotia on evacuation with the whole congregation of Trinity Church.[13]. Originally founded under the charter of King William III of England in 1697, the church has Dutch roots preceding this date, when New York was still known as New Amsterdam. James W. Gerard On The Anneke Jans Bogardus Claims\", \"With $6 billion, is this the richest church in America? In 1843, Trinity Church's expanding parish was divided due to the burgeoning cityscape and to better serve the needs of its parishioners. Sculptor Steve Tobin used its roots as the base for a bronze sculpture titled Trinity Root, which stood in front of the church at the corner of Wall Street and Broadway until December 2015, when it was moved by the church to its conference center in Connecticut. Facts Against Fancy, Or A True And Just View Of Trinity Church; The Rector Rectified, A Reply; Trinity Church, A Letter (1855) [Berrian, William, Boorman, James, North, C. C.] on Amazon.com. Additional notable parishioners included John Jay and Alexander Hamilton.[14]. After demonstrating in Duarte Park and marching on the streets surrounding the park, occupiers climbed over[20] and under the fence. December 31, 2014 by Donna Bott. In 1696, Governor Benjamin Fletcher approved the purchase of land in Lower Manhattan by the Church of England community for construction of a new church. Pope John XXII formally approved the feast in 1334, but its observance dates as early as the 10th century. [23] In 1976, the United States Department of the Interior designated Trinity Church a National Historic Landmark because of its architectural significance and its place within the history of New York City.[4][24][25]. Since 1993, Trinity Church has hosted the graduation ceremonies of the High School of Economics and Finance. The church is a 15m-high wooden structure built in traditional Russian style. Contact. Trinity continued to be the tallest in New York City, with its 281-foot (86 m) spire and cross, until it was surpassed in 1890 by the New York World Building.[15]. (History of Trinity Church, Julia Norton McLean) The Parish of Trinity Church was legally organized on April 17, 1789. The artist took no payment for his work, asking only that he be paid for the cost of materials. Beginning in the 1780s, the church's claim on 62 acres of Queen Anne's 1705 grant was contested in the courts by descendants of a 17th-century Dutchwoman, Anneke Jans Bogardus, who, it was claimed, held original title to that property. [17] The pews were later replaced, but one still exists at the back of the chapel for remembrance of the events on 9/11. Built from 1872 to 1877, Trinity Church is part of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts parish. Manhattan's Trinity Church was once the tallest building in the city. Although early Christian theologians speculated in many ways on the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, no one clearly and fully asserted the doctrine of the Trinity as explained at the top of the main entry until around the end of the so-called Arian Controversy. Since the establishment of the First Methodist society in 1789, our … Did you know that 35% of our new members come through our Early Childhood Center or School Ministries? [5] Concerts at One has been providing live professional classical and contemporary music for the Wall Street community since 1969, and the church has several organized choirs, featured Sunday mornings on WQXR 105.9 FM in New York City. 20:42. The current building is the third constructed for Trinity Church, and was designed by Richard Upjohn in the Gothic Revival style. William] on Amazon.com. Following his 1789 inauguration at Federal Hall, George Washington attended Thanksgiving service, presided over by Bishop Provoost, at St. Paul's Chapel, a chapel of the Parish of Trinity Church. Trinity College opened up attendance to Catholics in 1793, during the Emancipation. Opened: 2012 . A Maryland historical marker stands at the entrance to the Holy Trinity Church and Primary School campus grounds. The building's plan is a modified Greek Cross with four arms extending outwards from the central tower, which stands 64 m (211 ft) tall. It was designed in 1923 by Lange Leopold Powell and built by A Stonage and Sons, completing in 1926. Our church’s story began in 1927, when members of the First Church of the Nazarene in Los Angeles set out to fulfill Christ’s mandate to “make disciples of all nations” by starting a Sunday School class for the local Chinese community. Trinity is a proud part of the Episcopal Diocese of Southern Virginia which is a diocese in The Episcopal Church. The church then built a plywood deck right over the bells and placed shutters on the inside of the bell chamber's lancet windows. Rich with history, the Trinity Church was originally constructed in 1698 and burned down during the Revolutionary War in 1776. The Choir is often joined by the Trinity Baroque Orchestra, Trinity's ensemble of period instrumentalists, and NOVUS NY, Trinity's contemporary music orchestra. Well it's true: The greatest row in the history of Christianity centred on a single word filioque and on the doctrine of the Trinity. [6] The Church of the Intercession, the Trinity Chapel Complex and many other of Anglican congregations in Manhattan were was part of Trinity at one point. 4240 Gettysburg Ave N New Hope, MN 55428. You may cut-and-paste the below MLA and APA citation examples: Declan, Tobin. \" 18 Jan 2021. Over 4,000 households belong to the church, which offers five services each Sunday, as well as weekday services during the summer. At Trinity Church Boston, a congregation of The Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, we strive to build the volume of love in the world.Whether you are looking for inspiration, comfort, or to become part of a community of generous-spirited, intellectually alive, faithful Christians at the center of our city, there’s a place for you here.. Everyone is welcome. Craven, Wayne, Sculpture in America, Thomas Y. Crowell Co., New York 1968, p. 454, Holy Trinity Episcopal Church (Manhattan), Learn how and when to remove this template message, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor, National Register of Historic Places portal, List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City, List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street, National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street, New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, \"Trinity Church Split on How to Manage $2 Billion Legacy of a Queen\". Weddings. She never requested that her books be re-edited and the non-Trinitarian thoughts removed since they were truth. Perhaps most notable amongst this group was the eventual rector of the parish, Charles Inglis, who published a loyalist rebuke to Thomas Paine's Common Sense in 1776. Trinity Church’s current name and location date back to 1867. Saint Augustine, one of the greatest thinkers of the early church, described the Trinity as comparable to the three parts of an individual human being: mind, spirit, and will. The newly formed parish would build Grace Church, to the north on Broadway at 10th street, while the original parish would re-build Trinity Church, the structure that stands today. The school is located on Trinity Place, a few blocks away from the church. Falling wreckage knocked over a giant sycamore tree that had stood for nearly a century in the churchyard of St. Paul's Chapel, part of Trinity Church's parish, located several blocks north of Trinity Church. Christianity is a monotheistic religion, meaning that it teaches the existence of one God (specifically, the God of the Jews). In this video we expose the pagan Trinity. Trinity Church, as an Episcopal parish in the Anglican Communion, offers a full schedule of Daily Prayer and Eucharist services throughout the week, and based on the Book of Common Prayer; it is also available for special occasions, such as weddings and baptisms. The English Evangelical Lutheran Church in Germantown in the same year purchased the site of the present church and the Christopher Sower House, where Trinity's offices now are, for $3,000. The third and current Trinity Church began construction in 1839 and was finished in 1846. Trinity Church History and Facts. Unfortunately, this year the famous Soda City event has been cancelled because of COVID-19 concerns with large crowds + such close proximity to one another. The second Trinity Church was built facing Wall Street; it was 200 feet tall, and longer and wider than its predecessor. Its sanctuary is listed in the National Register: The Church of the Holy Trinity, constructed ca. Under British occupation clergy were required to be Loyalists, while the parishioners included some members of the revolutionary New York Provincial Congress, as well as the First and Second Continental Congresses. The structure was built out of Siberian Pine by Altay carpenters led by K.V. One is through the main doors on the western side of the building, the other is through a metal gate and stairs leading to the basement of the church, on the northeastern side of the building. The Church of the Holy Trinity recently left the Episcopal denomination due to philosophical differences and is now affiliated with the more conservative Anglican church. Myth: Trinity Episcopal Church didn’t do enough due diligence and vetting. Henderson’s Chapel was deeded to the church in 1737 when Rev. Retention: 99% . Trinity was part of St. Emanuel’s Church, a union church together with the Reformed. In 1754, King's College (now Columbia University) was chartered by King George II of Great Britain, and instruction began with eight students in a school building near the church. Our Services on Youtube. Includes service times, sermon series, directions, ministries, life groups, events, sermons (audio), podcasts, online giving and contact info. [26], Trinity Church has three sets of impressive bronze doors, donated by William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor in memory of his father, John Jacob Astor III. Guided tours of the church are offered daily at 2 p.m.[citation needed], In 2015 Mark Francisco Bozzuti-Jones, a priest at Trinity Church, commissioned Mark Dukes to create the icon Our Lady of Ferguson. Trinity Church in Boston houses one of the oldest Episcopalian congregations in the area, dating back to 1733. However, Christian monotheism is a unique kind of monotheism. It is located at 72 St Georges Terrace in Perth , … The history of Holy Trinity Roman Catholic Church in Utica, New York begins 102 years ago in October of 1894 when eighty-two (82) families and individuals contributed a sum of $79 toward a future Parish and Church to serve Polish Immigrants to the Utica Area. Jacob Henderson. As the first Protestant Church in Florida, our past is long. Boston’s Trinity Church was founded in 1733 and was originally located in downtown Boston. Henderson sold the land called “Bel Air” to Governor Samuel Ogle and Colonel Benjamin Tasker. [28][29] Numerous times over the course of six decades, the claimants asserted themselves in court, losing each time. This was the Shakespeare family’s local parish church, and Shakespeare would have attended Holy Trinity Church each Sunday, becoming well versed in biblical tales, which we see in many of his character’s knowledge of the bible. The Rev. In addition to its main facility, Trinity operates two chapels: St. Paul's Chapel, and the Chapel … Strength in Numbers. The institution also owns the Trinity Court Building property, where it formerly housed its offices and preschool. The north and east doors each consists of six panels from Church history or the Bible, and the south door depicts the history of New York in its six panels.[27]. Why do Christians believe in a Trinity? ; The Hon. December 30, 2020. was one of the earliest churches in Jacksonville. A project to install a new ring of 12 additional change ringing bells was initially proposed in 2001 but put on hold in the aftermath of the September attacks, which took place three blocks north of the church. In the Christian religion, the Trinity is an idea used to explain that three different persons are called God: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit (who is sometimes called the Holy Ghost).Trinity states that these three all form the same God. According to historical records, Captain William Kidd lent the runner and tackle from his ship for hoisting the stones.[11][12]. In 1787, Provoost was consecrated as the first Bishop of the newly formed Diocese of New York. In 1876–1877 a reredos and altar were erected in memory of William Backhouse Astor, Sr., to the designs of architect Frederick Clarke Withers. After the parish’s church on Summer Street had burned down in the Great Boston Fire of 1872, construction on the new church began – one in the shape of a modified Greek cross – under the direction of Rector Phillips Brooks, a well-known preacher at the time. We answer the questions - Is the Trinity doctrine in the Bible? Trinity Church is a small Russian Orthodox Church on King George Island in Antarctica. After the Great Boston Fire of 1872, the church complex moved to its current location and construction was completed in 1877. View Videos or join the Holy Trinity Church, Lickey discussion. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Facts Against Fancy; Or, a True and Just View of Trinity Church The first Trinity Church building, a modest rectangular structure with a gambrel roof and small porch, was constructed in 1698, on Wall Street, facing the Hudson River. In 1835 the Diocese of Illinois was founded, with the Rt. uh it helps me see and clear as I cipher through the news, the reports and my own reactions and interactions. \", \"New York's Trinity Church has a diverse investment portfolio worth $6 billion\", \"The Church With the $6 Billion Portfolio\", \"New Mixed-Use Tower Revealed at 74 Trinity Place, Financial District – New York YIMBY\", \"Construction kicks off on Trinity Church's Pelli Clarke Pelli-designed community center and office tower | 6sqft\", 111, 115 (Trinity and United States Realty), Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church, History of the National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places Portal, International Mercantile Marine Company Building, New York County Lawyers' Association Building, Trinity and United States Realty Buildings, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Building, Leadership and Public Service High School, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trinity_Church_(Manhattan)&oldid=1000866422, Episcopal church buildings in New York City, Gothic Revival church buildings in New York City, New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan, Properties of religious function on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan, Religious organizations established in the 1690s, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from February 2019, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 January 2021, at 03:17.\nCheck Car Plate Number Singapore, Wildwood Byron Menu, Baltimore Demographics 2020, Is Colonizing Mars A Good Idea, Durban Maps And Directions,","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line87893"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6194190382957458,"wiki_prob":0.6194190382957458,"text":"Alzheimer's Disease Research Center\nDevelopmental Projects\nMayo Clinic Study of Aging\nWellness and Education\nPatient Appointments\nResearch in the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center has two main focus areas:\nPatient-oriented (clinical) research\nBasic science (laboratory) research\nPatient-oriented research\nThe clinical side of research — also known as the patient-oriented side — focuses on investigating the very earliest phases of cognitive impairment that may ultimately develop into Alzheimer's disease.\nMayo Clinic neurologists examine patients, take careful family histories, administer memory tests and use imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging, to examine various regions of the brain.\nThree main focus areas in patient-oriented research are:\nNormal aging\nThe Alzheimer's Disease Research Center studies the entire spectrum of aging, from normal aging to mild cognitive impairment to dementia in cooperation with the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, one of the largest and longest running studies on aging, began in 2004 and has recruited more than 3,000 people.\nThe Mayo Clinic Study of Aging is a population-based study of cognitively normal older adults ranging in age from 50 to 89 who live in Olmsted County, Minn. Through yearly contact with the participants, Mayo Clinic researchers hope to be able to develop prediction models that will help differentiate and better understand people who are aging well from those who experience a cognitive decline. Researchers want to determine who is at risk of cognitive decline well before symptoms are noticed, which could ultimately aid in the discovery of strategies for prevention.\nMild cognitive impairment\nThe transitional period between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early Alzheimer's disease is called mild cognitive impairment. Mayo Clinic researchers are active in describing the clinical features of people with mild cognitive impairment and follow them longitudinally.\nResearchers in the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center also have learned about factors that can predict whose symptoms will progress to Alzheimer's disease at a more rapid rate. The center's researchers are involved in clinical trials of treatments designed to alter this rate of progression.\nDementia disorders\nAnother major aspect of patient-oriented research in the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center involves dementias other than Alzheimer's disease, including frontotemporal dementia and Lewy body dementia. Many people with frontotemporal dementia or Lewy body dementia are being followed both longitudinally and in clinical trials by the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.\nNeuroscience research laboratories at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Fla., are continuing to develop new and more-effective therapies in preparation for testing in clinical trials.\nIn addition, the Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center in Jacksonville has established a cohort of more than 300 older African-Americans with normal cognition. Mayo's Older African Americans Normative Studies (MOAANS) began in 1996 as an effort to improve the accuracy of diagnostic cognitive tests in detecting early dementia in older African-Americans.\nMOAANS participants continue to be followed annually and have contributed to ongoing studies of the clinical, genetic, biomarker and neuroimaging characteristics that may help predict the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.\nBasic science, or laboratory research, studies the cellular and molecular processes that cause nerve cells in the brain to stop functioning and die during aging, as well as the role of genes in affecting the risk of developing an aging-related disease.\nInvestigators with the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center have been studying autopsy material from people followed in the research center to learn about the underlying pathological causes of the various dementia disorders, with emphasis on Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.\nIn addition, the center's investigators are also able to learn about the underlying foundation of normal aging changes in the brain because of older participants with normal aging who volunteer for research projects. This helps researchers understand changes found in the brains of people with dementia-related diseases.\nPathological causes of Alzheimer's Disease\nInvestigators with the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center have made significant progress in studying two proteins, amyloid and tau, that are strongly implicated in the development and progression of dementia in patients with Alzheimer's disease.\nAmyloid protein. Researchers in Florida are studying the characteristics of the amyloid protein itself and genetic factors that could predispose people to developing this protein. Studies involving both humans and mouse models of Alzheimer's disease have yielded potential diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's disease.\nTau protein. Memory loss in Alzheimer's disease is associated with abnormal clumping of tau protein in cells, causing neurons to malfunction and die. Researchers in Florida aim to develop strategies and therapies to prevent and remove the unwanted buildup of tau.\nUnderstanding other dementia syndromes\nResearch is progressing on a better understanding of the genetics, pathological development and treatment of people with frontotemporal dementia.\nMayo Clinic researchers in Florida were among the first in the United States to identify novel genetic mutations in some families with frontotemporal dementia. In fact, the three most important dominantly inherited gene mutations that cause frontotemporal dementia were discovered at Mayo Clinic in Florida.\nThis work has led to animal models of the condition and a better understanding of its causes, while research about possible therapies continues.\nART-20037478","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1534036"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7201299071311951,"wiki_prob":0.27987009286880493,"text":"The climate justice approach and the politics of climate change\nby Lim Li Lin\nThe climate change talks have been going on for a long time. Since Rio in 1992, when the Climate Convention was adopted, there have been 16 Conference of the Parties (COPs). Then in 2007, a new round of negotiations was launched in Bali.\nMany thought Parties were going to arrive at a deal in Copenhagen, COP 15, but that proved a mirage. And then there was Cancun, and now Durban, where it is clear that negotiations will not conclude. What is perhaps unclear is what will happen after Durban.\nHow are humans going to live with climate change? One response to this is the climate justice response. The challenge here is that climate change impacts everything and everybody. It is a really big challenge, but it is also a huge opportunity. There is an opportunity to promote solutions that are real solutions – people-centered solutions, ecological solutions and socially just solutions.\nClimate change is also a justice issue. The rich and corporations are the principal drivers of climate change. And here the culprits are mainly the extractive industries, the fossil fuel industries, mining and oil companies and, of course, consumers of what these companies are extracting from the ground, so it is also a demand-side problem.\nBut it is really the rich minority in this world that have principally caused the problem of climate change. However, those who did not cause the problem, the poorest, who are the world’s majority, will feel the impacts worst and first. This is a fundamental fact and the basic foundation for the climate justice analysis and the climate justice movement.\nThe developed countries – forming only 20 per cent of the world’s population – have emitted nearly three-quarters of all the historic greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) into the atmosphere, so there is a fundamental imbalance here. This atmosphere is not theirs alone; this atmosphere is shared by all of us and they have polluted the atmosphere that they share with everyone, causing this problem of climate change.\nIf there is a limit to what can be emitted into the atmosphere, and developed countries have emitted so much, it means that there is little capacity for more. The fact is that these countries have already over-consumed what we might call their fair share. They have already taken away that space from us in developing countries, who arguably need it more to develop.\nIf this is the case, then we need to talk about how we develop – we need real, sustainable development. We need to de-link our development from emissions pollution. But because we haven’t yet been able to do this successfully – and even developed countries have not been able to show us that they can de-link their development from GHG emissions – we are still facing the struggle of how we are going to do it. At the moment the predominant model is to grow and develop our way out of poverty and that requires emissions.\nOn actual, historic emissions, since 1850, Annex 1 countries (the developed countries) have used more than three-quarters of available emissions space. This situation should probably be the reverse since the population in developing countries is around 80 per cent of the world’s population. What the developed countries propose in the negotiations is that they still take a very big share of the available emissions space in terms of population, when it should be much less because they have already over-consumed in the past and they have a much smaller population. That’s where the basic problem lies.\nOne of the key discourses in the climate justice agenda, proposed by Bolivia and backed up by NGOs and civil society, is what they have framed as climate debt: Because the developed countries have already over-used, and propose to continue over-using in the future, their share of the atmospheric capacity (a global commons), they have diminished the Earth’s ability to absorb GHG emissions and this has denied developing countries the fair space needed to further their development. This is an emissions debt to developing countries and has led to climate change and its impacts.\nThen there is also an adaptation debt, as now there are adverse effects of climate change, and these impacts are being felt in developing countries. The adaptation debt to developing countries is in terms of loss and damage, the imperative to adapt and for lost development opportunities. Together, the emissions debt and the adaptation debt comprise a climate debt. This is how Bolivia and many climate justice groups have framed it.\nMany groups have been calling for the adoption of the climate debt principle so that developed countries would be compelled to repay climate debt through finance and technology transfers. This obliges developed countries to accept full accounting for their historical emissions debt and commit to making the deepest possible emission reductions in the negotiations.\nIf one actually were to do a full accounting of the emissions debt of developed countries, this would probably show that they would need to cut emissions by minus 300 per cent. You might say that is impossible – we can’t cut it even by 100 per cent, how are we going to go to minus 300 per cent? We do acknowledge that such a cut back might not be technically possible at the moment. However, developed countries need to make the deepest cuts technically possible at this time. So what they need to do and what they can do may differ because there are presently technological and other practical limits. They need, however, to accept their responsibility and do the utmost.\nAnd for what cannot be done, they must transfer finance and technology to developing countries who will have to make emissions cuts or be faced with the impacts that excessive global emissions bring. This is a debt that developed countries owe to developing countries, it isn’t aid. It is an obligation, a right that developing countries have to finance and technology transfers from developed countries.\nThis framing has allowed for a methodology that developing countries like Bolivia and others have put forward in the negotiations. Using the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities as a basis, Bolivia and other countries have demanded that developed countries reduce their emissions by 50 per cent from 1990 levels without offsetting by 2017, and transfer finance and technology to do likewise in developing countries.\nThere is a full spectrum of positions at the climate negotiations. There are the ‘usual suspects’ led by the worst of all, the United States. Others such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Russia and Japan – basically the industrialised OECD countries – adopt hard-line positions. And then there is the European Union and the other developed countries that are either not in the European Union or are not quite in the developed country bloc, such as Mexico and South Korea, which are OECD countries, but are not Annex 1 countries.\nFurthermore, there is the full range of non-Annex 1 countries. The largest bloc is the G77 and China, which comprises nearly all developing countries. Among the G77 and China there is the alliance of small island states, quite a prominent bloc in the negotiations because they represent the small islands who, up until this point, have been the moral voice of the negotiations owing to their focus on sea-level rise and the right to survival. There are the least developed countries, the African group and the ideologically left South American countries: Bolivia is key among them, also Venezuela, Nicaragua, Cuba and others. There is also the BASIC grouping of emerging developing countries, not negotiating as a bloc, yet meeting regularly in an effort to coordinate positions. This group is viewed with suspicion by other developing countries. There is also the Arab group which overlaps with the African group.\nWhat happened after the debacle in Copenhagen was that Bolivia went on to organise a large conference in Cochabamba in 2010. The idea came about as the Copenhagen meeting had failed miserably since the developed countries had tried to force the Copenhagen Accord onto other countries. Countries including Tuvalu, Venezuela, Bolivia, Nicaragua and Sudan basically rejected the Copenhagen Accord and there was no formal decision at that meeting. So Bolivia organised a World People’s Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth to bring together governments, civil society, and climate justice and social movements to discuss and address this issue. The idea was that it was supposed to be democratic and open to the peoples of the world to decide on this fundamental issue. There is much we can draw on from this.\nThe problem is what developed countries are trying to do: They acknowledge that climate change is a problem (some sectors in the US don’t acknowledge it is a problem and that is another problem altogether), however, their approach to solving the problem is incorrect. What they are trying to do, instead of acknowledging that they are the ones responsible for the problem, is to push the burden onto developing countries. This is an injustice.\nThey are trying to push climate change mitigation onto the BASIC countries in particular with the argument that their emissions are growing considerably hence they are responsible for a lot of the climate problem. Historical responsibility is not considered, as the developed countries argue that they can’t be responsible for the actions of generations before them, and what matters is emissions today. The US is saying that China’s absolute emissions today are bigger than their own, yet on a per capita basis, US emissions are still much greater than China’s. They are also not considering their historical responsibility, and this is fundamentally unfair.\nWhat developed countries are also doing, instead of meeting reductions domestically, is to basically buy them from developing countries. This is possible with market mechanisms such as the Clean Development Mechanism in the Kyoto Protocol. Instead of effecting domestic emission reductions, developed countries can pay developing countries to mitigate for them. On paper they meet their obligations, but actually the emission reductions are made elsewhere. Developing countries are trying to expand the market mechanisms and introduce new ones.\nWhat developed countries are also trying to do is to use accounting loopholes that will allow them to show on paper that they have reduced emissions, when in reality, they have not made these emissions reductions.\nThey are also trying to deny finance and technology transfers to developing countries. What of the $100 billion that was first mentioned in the Copenhagen Accord? This is basically re-programmed aid money and it is not a pledge to give $100 billion, it is a pledge to help mobilise $100 billion, and that would include mobilising it from developing countries.\nDeveloped countries have also been trying to push the problem of adaptation back onto developing countries. They are really not going to pass on the finance and technology, but instead leave the problem to developing countries to deal with themselves.\nAll of this plays out in the climate negotiations and has crystallised into the fight over what kind of emissions reduction system we should adopt. Up until this point we have always had a system of legally binding international commitments under the Kyoto Protocol. Countries came together under the UN to say this is what we need to do because the science calls for it and we will negotiate as such and have an international agreement because it is an international problem. There is already a system for accounting, review, reporting and compliance and all of this is agreed and binding internationally.\nHowever, what is happening now is that the US is promoting a system of bottom-up domestic pledges. They are pledging to reduce their emissions by around three per cent based on 1990 levels. They are resisting common accounting, reporting and review rules, and instead talk about “the sunshine of transparency”. They do not envisage a system with international compliance but a reliance on domestic legislation. However, it is clear that they are not going to have any climate legislation in the near future, so they can’t even promise that their pledge will be in domestic legislation, they merely state that this is what they are pledging to do domestically.\nWhat is happening now is that the discussions have shifted. Countries like Canada, Russia and Japan are using the US as an excuse and have said that they will not commit to a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. Instead, developed countries are pushing for a new treaty to replace the Kyoto Protocol, and the new treaty that they want will likely legalise a domestic pledge and review system. This is now the fundamental fight that is playing out in the climate negotiations over the Kyoto Protocol.\nBROUGHT TO YOU BY PAMBAZUKA NEWS AND AFRICAN AGENDA\nAdaptation, COP 15 Copenhagen, Finance, Technology Transfer, Toward Durban CDM, Climate Debt, Cochabamba, emissions, Kyoto Protocol permalink\nCommon statement on the Outcome of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1558786"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.606273353099823,"wiki_prob":0.393726646900177,"text":"The P.R.I.D.E. Program\nPositive Racial Identity Development in Early Education\nAbout P.R.I.D.E.\nP.R.I.D.E. Research\nOffice of Child Development\nUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Education\nPop Up Mini Art Festivals\nParent Village\nTeacher Cohort\nIn My Skin Podcast\nHelping Black children understand race\nand embrace their ethnicity and heritage\nThrough a blend of interactive professional development for educators, classes with parents, dynamic arts festivals, and community engagement, the P.R.I.D.E. program fosters positive racial identity in Black children, aged 3 to 8, in the city of Pittsburgh.\nHelping parents and caregivers engage children in conversations about race\nPresenting captivating discussions about race and young children\nCelebrating Africana culture through arts activities designed for Black children\nProviding educators with knowledge and skills to support a child's positive racial identity\nThe P.R.I.D.E. Program was born out of the 2016 study entitled “Positive Racial identity Development in Early Education: Understanding P.R.I.D.E. in Pittsburgh.” The report details the scholarship supporting positive racial identity. But that’s just where our research began. We have since conducted our own research while continually learning and incorporating new research into our work.\nListen to In My Skin\nA podcast about race and childhood\nP.R.I.D.E. Pillars\nThe Parent Village parent-child curriculum is based on core child development needs. It helps parents understand race, culture, racial identity, and socialization and that supports them in building positive racial identity in their children.\nOur Pop Up Mini Art Festivals are part arts festival, part block party. The festivals are one of the only events in the country to specifically target young Black children with art, music, and dance that celebrates Africana history and culture.\nBy bringing in leaders in the subjects of education, race, and early childhood, the P.R.I.D.E. Speaker Series raises awareness around issues of race and young children. Click the microphone above to listen to previous speakers, like Dr. Valerie Kinloch and Dr. Erin Winkler.\nThe P.R.I.D.E. team conducts Professional Development sessions tailored to meet the specific needs of programs and organizations. P.R.I.D.E. also supports a year-long Teacher Cohort group through trainings, readings, and ongoing communication and support.\nFURTHERING SCHOLARSHIP\nP.R.I.D.E. is committed to the evaluation of positive racial identity development practice and the development of a measure of P.R.I.D.E. activity and practices, sharing additional findings and Research, and inspiring future P.R.I.D.E. efforts.\nW.K. Kellogg Foundation\nHenry L. Hillman Foundation\nReceive the latest P.R.I.D.E news in your inbox\nEmail RacePRIDE@pitt.edu\nHow does impilict bias affect children?\nListen to new episodes of In My Skin","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line462359"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5756778120994568,"wiki_prob":0.4243221879005432,"text":"Council Meetings Calendar\nAudit and Risk Management Committee\nCouncil Regional Plan\nCouncil Strategic Plan\nRegional Management Plan\nRates & Charges\nCompliance Reviews\nCouncil Bylaws\nElectoral Representation\nMilikapiti\nPirlangimpi\nWurrumiyanga\nPirlangimpi Local Authority Vacancy\nWurrumiyanga Local Authority Vacancy\nTiwi Land Council\nOutstations\nLOCAL GOVERNMENT 2030\nA Strategy For A Strong, Responsive, Well-Governed Local Government Sector\nWhat is LG 2030?\nThe Local Government 2030 Strategy, or LG2030, articulates a long term vision for a strong, responsive, well-governed local government sector and the pathway to getting there.\nWho is driving LG 2030?\nThe concept of LG2030 originated at the November 2019 LGANT conference. It was developed further with local government elected members, CEOs and LGANT. The then Department of Local Government, Housing and Community Development, and now Department of Chief Minister and Cabinet partnered with LGANT in this work. Development of the strategy is being guided by a Steering Committee of local government nominees, supported by LGANT and the Department of Chief Minister and Cabinet. The Strategy is driven by the local government sector and a draft strategy will be circulated for comment from November 2021 to February 2022.\nWhy do we need LG 2030?\nLocal Government is the government closest to the community and councils play a broad and evolving role in promoting the social, economic, environmental and cultural well-being of their local communities. The sector in the NT faces many challenges including limited own source revenue, lack of economies of scale, inadequate infrastructure, the tyranny of distance and workforce skill, recruitment and retention challenges. There are many immediate issues that are being worked on. At the same time, the Strategy is intended to provide a longer term, strategic pathway forward to develop, grow and sustain the sector.\nWhat is the background to LG 2030?\nThe project was initiated at the LGANT meeting in November 2019. A Steering Committee of local government representatives was convened and a project plan was approved by LGANT and the then Minister for Local Government in December 2019. Progress was interrupted by COVID 19. The current Minister for Local Government approved the continuation of the plan in October 2020. The project was reactivated in April 2021 with the formal commitment of the new LGANT executive. The Steering Group reconvened in July 2021 and released a draft strategy for initial consultation. A second round of consultation is now being undertaken involving new councils formed by the recent local government elections.\nWho are the stakeholders in LG 2030?\nLG 2030 is driven by the local government sector. However there are many stakeholders that have an interest in a strong, sustainable, well-governed sector. The Department of Chief Minister and Cabinet regulates the sector and LGANT represents and advocates for the sector and both are involved in supporting LG2030. Cooperation and coordination between the three spheres of government has been identified as a key issue in supporting community outcomes; the Northern Territory Government and the Australian Government are also key stakeholders and participants in this work. It is intended that other peak bodies, Land Councils, key Aboriginal organisations, and community organisations will be provided the opportunity for input in developing the Strategy.\nHow can I provide input to the strategy?\nA consultation draft will be released at the LGANT November Conference in Alice Springs. Each council is invited to provide feedback, and engage its community and stakeholders as it considers appropriate. Feedback will be coordinated by LGANT and CM&C, who will also consult across government and with NT wide stakeholders. Comments can be provided to Linda.weatherhead@nt.gov.au and joann.beckwith@lgant.asn.au.\nWhen will consultations close?\nThe first round of consultations will close on Friday 17 December 2021. A further draft will be released for consultation early in 2021 with consultations to close on Friday 25 February 2022. However, the Strategy is intended to be a living document and will be reviewed regularly.\nOnce the strategy is finalised, what happens next?\nAll feedback will be considered and the Strategy finalised through the Steering Committee. The final draft will be provided to the sector for a shorter period for final feedback before it is considered by LGANT and the Minister for Local Government. It is intended that a final strategy will be launched at the LGANT April meeting.\nHow will we evaluate the strategy and what it has achieved?\nAn initial 3 year plan will be developed to guide actions under the strategy and progress will be evaluated with a review at the end of three years. A second stage implementation plan will be developed and reviewed at the end of a further three years. A final review will occur in the last 12 months of the Strategy with the intention of informing the development of a new strategy.\nRead the Local Government 2030 Consultation Report\n© Tiwi Islands Regional Council\nCreated by HutSix","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1559308"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7008088827133179,"wiki_prob":0.7008088827133179,"text":"Posted in Asia-Pacific, North America, Social Movements, Socialism/Communism, Socialist Opinion Shapers\nChinese Embassy In San Francisco Still Open, Why?\nBy: Denise Simon | Founders Code\nPrimer: The Chinese consulate in San Francisco is harboring a biology researcher who falsely denied connections to the Chinese military to obtain a visa and gain access to the country, according to court documents filed by the FBI.\nThe filing came as part of a document that cited a slew of other episodes in which Chinese nationals allegedly lied on their visa applications by hiding their military connections. More details.\nAxios:\nEvery country spies. And many countries — including the U.S. — use their diplomatic outposts to do it. But for years, China has used its embassies and consulates to do far more than that.\nWhy it matters: The Trump administration’s recent hardline stance against China’s illicit consular activities is a public acknowledgment of real problems, but it comes at a time when U.S.-China relations are already dangerously tense.\nDriving the news: Last week, the U.S. demanded that China close its Houston consulate in order to “protect American intellectual property and Americans’ private information,” White House National Security Council spokesperson John Ullyot said in a statement.\nIn response, the Chinese government ordered the closure of the U.S. consulate in Chengdu, a facility nestled in China’s more remote inland region that served primarily as a visa-issuing office for Chinese hoping to visit the U.S., and was not a major hub for U.S. intelligence activity.\nYes, but: The Houston consulate wasn’t China’s most important espionage hub.\n“San Francisco is the real gem but the U.S. won’t close it,” a former U.S. intelligence official told Axios.\nIt indicates the Trump administration is likely making an example of the Houston consulate in a bid to achieve its goal of a reduction in Chinese espionage activities without taking an even harsher measure, such as closing the San Francisco or New York consulates.\nThe Chinese government has long used its embassy and consulates in the U.S. to exert control over student groups, collect information on Uighurs and Chinese dissident groups, and coordinate local and state-level political influence activities.\nSurveilling Uighurs: Leaked classified Chinese government documents have revealed that Chinese embassies and consulates are complicit in the ongoing cultural and demographic genocide against Uighurs.\nThe CCP has sought to track down Uighurs who have left China and force them to return, with orders to place them in mass internment camps “the moment they cross the border.”\nChina’s embassies and consulates have also collected information on Uighurs abroad and submitted that information to Xinjiang police.\nConsular officials have frequently refused to renew Uighur passports, telling them they must return to China in order to obtain new documents — only to be disappeared into camps as soon as they do.\nControlling Chinese students: The Chinese embassy and consulates keep close tabs on Chinese students in the U.S., occasionally sending them political directives and quietly organizing demonstrations.\nThe Chinese embassy and consulates have paid students to demonstrate in support of visiting Chinese leaders, instructing them to crowd out anti-CCP protesters. They have also asked Chinese Students and Scholars Associations (CSSA) presidents to hold study sessions on party thought and to send back photos of the sessions to ensure compliance.\n“I feel like the tendency is that the consulate tries to control CSSAs more and more,” one CSSA president told me in 2018.\nSupporting United Front organizations: Chinese diplomatic officials regularly meet with leaders of U.S.-based organizations tied to the United Front Work Department, the political influence arm of the CCP, and preside over the ceremonies and banquets held by these organizations.\nOne such organization, the National Association for China’s Peaceful Unification, has branches in more than 30 U.S. cities. Its members issued statements in support of China’s official foreign policy positions, and the Chinese embassy and consular officials encourage them to engage in local U.S. politics.\nThe bottom line: Dealing with bad behavior by diplomats is a highly sensitive geopolitical issue that can easily result in damaged relations.\nGo deeper … Mapped: Where U.S. and Chinese embassies and consulates are located\nIn part, how big a problem does the U.S. have regarding Chinese spies around the nation?\nEconomic Espionage\nTo achieve its goals and surpass America, China recognizes it needs to make leaps in cutting-edge technologies. But the sad fact is that instead of engaging in the hard slog of innovation, China often steals American intellectual property and then uses it to compete against the very American companies it victimized—in effect, cheating twice over. They’re targeting research on everything from military equipment to wind turbines to rice and corn seeds.\nThrough its talent recruitment programs, like the so-called Thousand Talents Program, the Chinese government tries to entice scientists to secretly bring our knowledge and innovation back to China—even if that means stealing proprietary information or violating our export controls and conflict-of-interest rules.\nTake the case of scientist Hongjin Tan, for example, a Chinese national and American lawful permanent resident. He applied to China’s Thousand Talents Program and stole more than $1 billion—that’s with a “b”—worth of trade secrets from his former employer, an Oklahoma-based petroleum company, and got caught. A few months ago, he was convicted and sent to prison.\nOr there’s the case of Shan Shi, a Texas-based scientist, also sentenced to prison earlier this year. Shi stole trade secrets regarding syntactic foam, an important naval technology used in submarines. Shi, too, had applied to China’s Thousand Talents Program and specifically pledged to “digest” and “absorb” the relevant technology in the United States. He did this on behalf of Chinese state-owned enterprises, which ultimately planned to put the American company out of business and take over the market.\nIn one of the more galling and egregious aspects of the scheme, the conspirators actually patented in China the very manufacturing process they’d stolen and then offered their victim American company a joint venture using its own stolen technology. We’re talking about an American company that spent years and millions of dollars developing that technology, and China couldn’t replicate it—so, instead, it paid to have it stolen.\nAnd just two weeks ago, Hao Zhang was convicted of economic espionage, theft of trade secrets, and conspiracy for stealing proprietary information about wireless devices from two U.S. companies. One of those companies had spent over 20 years developing the technology Zhang stole.\nThese cases were among more than a thousand investigations the FBI has into China’s actual and attempted theft of American technology—which is to say nothing of over a thousand more ongoing counterintelligence investigations of other kinds related to China. We’re conducting these kinds of investigations in all 56 of our field offices. And over the past decade, we’ve seen economic espionage cases with a link to China increase by approximately 1,300 percent.\nThe stakes could not be higher, and the potential economic harm to American businesses and the economy as a whole almost defies calculation. More details here.\nSenator Ted Cruz Reacts To Jeb Bush Interview\nWorking Families Party Backs Elizabeth Warren To ‘Achieve Socialism’ — Race Politics At Play\nGlenn’s Last Show on Fox\nHillary Clinton should be worried as Benghazi coverup unravels\nThe Russians and American Progressives: Together Again\nSen. Ted Cruz. Video Message to the Southern Republican Leadership Conference\nTrump, Hillary, The Emails And Russia\nYes, Joe Biden Would Ban Fracking In Pennsylvania And The Rest Of The U.S.\n← Joe Biden Calls For Jihad Against America\nWillie Brown’s Mistress #HeelsUpHarris To Be Biden Heartbeat Away From WH? →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line847355"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5298088192939758,"wiki_prob":0.5298088192939758,"text":"Search the News Archive\nMiddlebury in the News\nHome » Newsroom » News Stories » 2020 News » Professor Jeff Munroe to Lead 5-Year National Science Foundation Project\nGeology professor Jeff Munroe will lead a team of principal investigators in a 5-year National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded study starting this fall.\nRay, Sarah C.\nray@middlebury.edu\nProfessor Jeff Munroe to Lead 5-Year National Science Foundation Project\nMIDDLEBURY, Vt. – The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded a major five-year grant to a research team led by Jeff Munroe, the Philip Battell Stewart and Sarah Frances Cowles Stewart Professor of Geology. Six scientists representing five different institutions will study how mineral dust from deserts in the southwestern U.S. is transported through the atmosphere to locations hundreds of miles away and the impacts of the exported dust on a variety of environmental and health issues.\nThe team will focus their work on the small particles of weathered rock and soil that are picked up in one place by the wind, transported through the atmosphere by air currents, and deposited somewhere else.\n“Studies on the ground, instruments carried by airplanes, and observations from satellites in space over the past several decades have shown conclusively that this process, insignificant as it may seem, collectively is of enormous importance for moving nutrients, and sometimes contaminants, around the world,” said Munroe.\nThe scientists have established a cluster of sites in eastern Nevada and throughout Utah from which to conduct their work. They’ll examine the critical zone, a term used to describe the slice of the Earth from the treetops down to the bottom of the soil. Munroe describes it as the thin skin where geology, chemistry, biology, ecology, hydrology, climate, and human society all interact.\nEarth's Critical Zone. Illustration by Critical Zone Observatories (CZO) based on a figure in Chorover et. al. 2007.\n“It’s not a stretch to say that what happens here, in this zone only a few hundred feet thick, is of more relevance to society than what happens in the hundred miles of atmosphere farther up, or in the thousands of miles of rock farther down,” said Munroe. “Think soils growing food, forests cleaning the air and generating oxygen for us to breathe, rain turning to stream- and groundwater, etc.”\nMunroe’s team will include Kevin Perry, associate professor at the University of Utah, who will lead a project focused on dust-emitting landscapes, including seasonality and interannual variability of dust emission, the formation and effects of soil crusts, and modeling of dust transport; Maura Hahnenberger, assistant professor at Salt Lake Community College, who will investigate spatial, temporal, and meteorological aspects of dust transport from the Great Basin to the Rocky Mountains; Greg Carling, associate professor at Brigham Young University, who will focus on the geochemical properties of surface materials in dust source regions, the properties of dust deposited in the mountains, and effects on mountain watersheds; S. McKenzie Skiles, assistant professor at the University of Utah, who will lead an effort studying the effects of dust deposition on snowpack in the Wasatch Mountains east of Salt Lake City; and Janice Brahney, assistant professor at Utah State University, who will study the effects of dust deposition on the nutrient status of mountain ecosystems.\nIn his own study, Munroe will focus on dust deposition in the mountains and will expand and maintain a network of dust collectors in various mountain ranges across Utah and Nevada. The original dust collector network was established in part with a Gladstone Excellence in Teaching Award from Middlebury. As the overall director of the entire effort, Munroe will also coordinate the work of his five colleagues, unifying the data management strategies, arranging outreach efforts, and connecting with other researchers who will build projects of their own into the infrastructure.\nThe multiyear project will provide myriad opportunities for Middlebury undergraduates, says Munroe. For those interested in a field experience, there will be twice-annual trips to Utah and Nevada to empty the dust collectors. For those more interested in geochemistry, undergraduate researchers will assist in analyzing the dust samples with a variety of high-tech equipment, providing students with hands-on experience in sophisticated analytical techniques.\nSome of the analysis—studying rare isotopes of some elements that can serve as a fingerprint to clarify where the dust came from, for instance—will be done in the Department of Geoscience at the University of Wisconsin, and Middlebury students will get to travel there to participate in those measurements.\n“Because many of my colleagues participating in this project work at institutions with graduate programs, the Middlebury undergraduates who take part in this project will get to interact with and learn from master’s and PhD students,” said Munroe. “This will give them great insight into what graduate school is like, as well as a network of students to connect with for advice and ideas.”\nThe collection of connected projects also contains numerous outreach initiatives, including programs designed to increase the involvement of traditionally underrepresented demographics in field and lab science. Outreach programs are also planned with public high schools and middle schools in northern Utah.\nMunroe’s project is one of 10 major initiatives the NSF is launching this fall aimed at understanding the connections among different places on the Earth’s surface. He says he’s looking forward to seeing what the other teams discover and how his team might interact with them.\n“My main point is that ‘it’s all connected,’ said Munroe. “The Earth is one big system, and nothing exists in isolation from everything else. Dust is a great example of how processes in one location can affect the environment somewhere far away. We need more knowledge about those connections so that we can understand how the decisions we make locally will affect other places, other environments, and other people.”\nMiddTags:","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line154168"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7150416374206543,"wiki_prob":0.2849583625793457,"text":"Dag Haugland\nE-mailDag.Haugland@uib.no\nPhone+47 55 58 40 33\nHIB - Thormøhlens gate 55\nShow author(s) (2020). Optimization of reliable cyclic cable layouts in offshore wind farms. Engineering optimization (Print). 258-276.\nShow author(s) (2019). On offshore wind farm maintenance scheduling for decision support on vessel fleet composition. European Journal of Operational Research. 124-131.\nShow author(s) (2019). Integer programming formulations for the shared multicast tree problem. Journal of combinatorial optimization. 927-956.\nShow author(s) (2018). Minimizing the tracking error of cardinality constrained portfolios. Computers & Operations Research. 33-41.\nShow author(s) (2017). Strategic optimization of offshore wind farm installation. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). 285-299.\nShow author(s) (2017). Obstacle-aware optimization of offshore wind farm cable layouts. Annals of Operations Research. 373-388.\nShow author(s) (2017). A model for optimal fleet composition of vessels for offshore wind farm maintenance. Procedia Computer Science. 1512-1521.\nShow author(s) (2016). The computational complexity of the pooling problem. Journal of Global Optimization. 199-215.\nShow author(s) (2016). Pooling problems with polynomial-time algorithms. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications. 591-615.\nShow author(s) (2015). On a pooling problem with fixed network size. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). 328-342.\nShow author(s) (2014). A cost minimization heuristic for the pooling problem. Annals of Operations Research. 73-87.\nShow author(s) (2013). Strong formulations for the pooling problem. Journal of Global Optimization. 897-916.\nShow author(s) (2013). Optimization methods for pipeline transportation of natural gas with variable specific gravity and compressibility. TOP - An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research. 524-541.\nShow author(s) (2013). A multi-commodity flow formulation for the generalized pooling problem. Journal of Global Optimization. 917-937.\nShow author(s) (2012). Dual decomposition for computational optimization of minimum-power shared broadcast tree in wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. 2008-2019.\nShow author(s) (2011). The maximum flow problem with minimum lot sizes. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). 170-182.\nShow author(s) (2011). Minimizing fuel cost in gas transmission networks by dynamic programming and adaptive discretization. Computers & industrial engineering. 364-372.\nShow author(s) (2011). Local search heuristics for the probabilistic dial-a-ride problem. OR Spectrum: quantitative approaches in management. 961-988.\nShow author(s) (2010). Feasibility Testing for Dial-a-Ride Problems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). 170-179.\nShow author(s) (2010). Center-oriented algorithms for the minimum energy broad and multicast problem in wireless ad hoc networks. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications. 228-236.\nShow author(s) (2010). An Overview of Models and Solution Methods for Pooling Problems. Energy Systems. 459-469.\nShow author(s) (2009). New results on the time complexity and approximation ratio of the Broadcast Incremental Power algorithm. Information Processing Letters. 615-619.\nShow author(s) (2009). A fast local search method for minimum energy broadcast in wireless ad hoc networks. Operations Research Letters. 75-79.\nShow author(s) (2008). Wiretapping Based on Node Corruption over Secure Network Coding: Analysis and Optimization. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). 154-162.\nShow author(s) (2008). Minimum-energy broadcast and multicast in wireless networks: An integer programming approach and improved heuristic algorithms. Ad hoc networks. 696-717.\nShow author(s) (2008). Improved Time Complexities of Algorithms for the Directional Minimum Energy Broadcast Problem. Communications in Computer and Information Science. 488-496.\nShow author(s) (2008). Analysis and computational study of several integer programming formulations for minimum-energy multicasting in wireless ad hoc networks. Networks. 57-68.\nShow author(s) (2007). Designing delivery districts for the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands. European Journal of Operational Research. 997-1010.\nShow author(s) (2007). A Bidirectional Greedy Heuristic for the Subspace Selection Problem. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). 162-176.\nShow author(s) (2006). Local search methods for l(1)-minimization in frame based signal compression. Optimization and Engineering. 81-96.\nShow author(s) (2004). A tabu search heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with time windows and split deliveries. Computers & Operations Research. 1947-1964.\nShow author(s) (2005). Analysis and Computational Study of Flow-based Formulations for Minimum-Energy Multicasting in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. 305. 305. .\nShow author(s) (2004). An Integer Programming Approach for Performance Evaluation of Minimum-Energy Broadcasting and Multicasting in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. 288. 288. .\nShow author(s) (2003). Designing delivery districts for the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands. 260. 260. .\nShow author(s) (2002). Proceedings of Nordic MPS'02 - The Eighth Meeting of the Nordic Section of the Mathematical Programming Society. 237. 237. .\nShow author(s) (2002). Optimal adjustment of surfaces to point sets. 236. 236. .\nShow author(s) (2002). Local search methods for l_1-minimization in a data compression problem. 235. 235. .\nShow author(s) (2002). A Tabu Search Heuristic for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Split Deliveries. 234. 234. .\nShow author(s) (2002). 23. D.Haugland and S.Storøy: ‘A Combinatorial Optimization Model for Vector Selection in Frame Based Signal Representation’, Report in Informatics, no. 221, Dept. of Informatics, University of Bergen, 2001. 235. 235. .\nShow author(s) (2018). A savings procedure based construction heuristic for the offshore wind cable layout optimization problem.\nShow author(s) (2009). A Tree Decomposition Algorithm for Minimizing Fuel Cost in Gas Transmission Networks.\nShow author(s) (2011). Parallel algorithms for the maximum flow problem with minimum lot sizes.\nShow author(s) (2010). Strong formulations for the pooling problem.\nShow author(s) (2010). Solving the Pooling Problem with LMI Relaxations.\nShow author(s) (2008). The Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm in parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification.\nShow author(s) (2007). Flow and Cut Models for the Minimum Energy Broadcasting Problem in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.\nShow author(s) (2007). Flow Models in Pipeline Transportation Networks for Natural Gas.\nShow author(s) (2006). Approximation Algorithms for the Minimum Energy Broadcast Problem.\nShow author(s) (2005). Cut and Steiner Tree Formulations for Minimum-Energy Problems in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.\nShow author(s) (2004). Heuristics for the subspace selection problem.\nShow author(s) (2004). Heuristics for the Probabilistic Dial-a-Ride Problem.\nShow author(s) (2003). Local search methods for the subset selection problem with minimum unit norm.\nShow author(s) (2003). Designing routing zones for vehicle routing problems with stochastic demands.\nShow author(s) (2003). Designing routing zones for VRP with stochastic demands.\nShow author(s) (2003). A Tabu Search Heuristic for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Split Deliveries.\nShow author(s) (2002). Node coloring with minimum edge weights.\nShow author(s) (2002). Local search methods for l1-minimization in data compression.\nShow author(s) (2001). An edge-traversal algorithm for the subspace selection problem.\nAcademic anthology/Conference proceedings\nShow author(s) (2011). Norsk Informatikkonferanse NIK 2011. Tapir Akademisk Forlag.\nShow author(s) (2009). Norsk informatikkonferanse : NIK 2009 : Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, NTNU, 23.-25. november 2009. Tapir Akademisk Forlag.\nShow author(s) (2007). NIK 2007. Tapir Akademisk Forlag.\nMasters thesis\nShow author(s) (2008). Improving efficiency in parameter estimation using the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm.\nShow author(s) (2019). Optimization Problems in Communication Networks and Multi-Agent Path Finding.\nShow author(s) (2019). Methods for Optimizing Turbine Locations and Cable Routes in Offshore Wind Farms.\nShow author(s) (2010). Optimization Methods for Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas.\nShow author(s) (1991). Optimization methods for blending models in oil rafinieries.\nShow author(s) (2021). The unsuitable neighbourhood inequalities for the fixed cardinality stable set polytope. 10 pages.\nShow author(s) (2019). Pooling Problems with Single-Flow Constraints. 6 pages.\nShow author(s) (2018). Fast Methods for the Index Tracking Problem. 7 pages.\nShow author(s) (2015). Optimal Intake and Routing of Floating Oil Rigs in the North Sea. 22 pages.\nShow author(s) (2015). An integer programming model for branching cable layouts in offshore wind farms. 10 pages.\nShow author(s) (2014). The hardness of the pooling problem. 4 pages.\nShow author(s) (2012). Parallel algorithms for the maximum flow problem with minimum lot sizes. 6 pages.\nShow author(s) (2012). Computing the Optimal Layout of a Wind Farm. 12 pages.\nShow author(s) (2011). Comparison of discrete and continuous models for the pooling problem. 10 pages.\nShow author(s) (2011). Compact Integer Programming Models for Power-optimal Trees in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. 28 pages.\nShow author(s) (2010). Power savings of cyclic network coding for multicast on wireless networks. 5 pages.\nShow author(s) (2010). Methods for Flow Graph Selection in Integral Network Coding. 6 pages.\nShow author(s) (2010). An Overview of Models and Solution Methods for Pooling Problems. 11 pages.\nShow author(s) (2009). Parallel Solution of the Pooling Problem with Application to the Cell Broadband Engine Architecture. 6 pages.\nShow author(s) (2009). Line pack management for improved regularity in pipeline gas transportation networks. 7 pages.\nShow author(s) (2009). A Tree Decomposition Algorithm for Minimizing Fuel Cost in Gas Transmission Networks. 6 pages.\nShow author(s) (2007). Flow Allocation in a Model for Regularity Analysis of Gas Transportation Systems. 7 pages.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line979727"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9861809015274048,"wiki_prob":0.9861809015274048,"text":"SportFootballFA & League Cups\nLuis Suarez 'enjoyed' his handball goal, says Mansfield chairman\nMansfield chairman says Liverpool are 'embarrassed' by their striker's controversial finish and his actions brought shame on club\nTuesday 08 January 2013 02:00\nMansfield Town’s chairman has launched an extraordinary attack on Luis Suarez\nMansfield Town's chairman has launched an extraordinary attack on Luis Suarez, declaring that Liverpool's directors were \"embarrassed\" by the handball goal that helped the club knock his non-league side out of the FA Cup on Sunday and claiming that the player gloated when he realised it would be allowed to stand.\nJohn Radford's unabashed attack on the Uruguayan striker included the claim that Suarez \"enjoyed\" what he had done – by kissing the same wrist with which he had controlled the ball to steer in Liverpool's second goal. \"It was like, 'Hang on, I can get away with this,'\" Radford said. \"The referees have a hard time but to do it deliberately and then celebrate is the hardest thing. To cheat, OK, but to cheat and then celebrate cheating, that is the worst thing you can do.\" Suarez's wrist celebration is actually a ritual he frequently uses.\nThere is sympathy within Anfield for manager Brendan Rodgers' view that Sunday's goal would not have created nearly as much of a stir had it been scored by any other player.\nBut the goal has taken the controversy around the Uruguayan to new levels, even more so after the broadcaster ESPN's decision to reprimand commentator Jon Champion for claiming Suarez had cheated. After Suarez scored the decisive goal and performed his post-goal celebration, Champion said: \"That, I'm afraid, is the work of a cheat.\" The broadcaster has issued a public apology for Champion's comments – and by doing so added to the circus surrounding the goal.\nA widespread view within football is that Champion was wrong on two counts to make his claim – because Suarez sought to withdraw his arm to prevent the ball hitting it and used his own trademark celebration in innocence having scored. But ESPN risks removing the best from its commentators, including the highly respected Champion, by publicly rebuking them for their opinions.\nEven if Suarez had informed the referee Andre Marriner that he had handled, it would have made no difference because a free-kick could not have been awarded.\nYet Radford was incandescent. \"They [Liverpool] have denied us a replay,\" he said. \"I know that I'm big enough and daft enough to be able to stand up for the club and take it. [But] I'd like to take us forward. It's hurtful for the league we are in because we are playing at the likes of Luton and Grimsby and people like [Suarez] would [still do a thing like that]. I'm here for the passion, against Liverpool where it's all about business and that was a killer. It was a killer [that] a professional would do that sort of thing to a non-league team.\"\nIf Mansfield had secured a draw and taken Liverpool back to Anfield, they would have secured a £62,000 payout from ITV or ESPN, had the replay been televised. They would also have collected 45 per cent of net gate receipts. If they had actually beaten Liverpool and progressed they would have earned a further £67,500 in prize-money.\nRodgers insisted that the 25-year-old Suarez's talents should be embraced and savoured while he is plying his trade in England. \"He has had seven yellow cards this year, but he hasn't warranted all seven,\" Rodgers said. \"Yesterday was a game he was up for because it was street football for him, he enjoys that type of game. But I can only talk about his talents. I always try to educate the players, with regard to every aspect of their life. As I've said, he's very receptive, and we go forward with him.\"\nTHE HONESTY BOX\nWhile Suarez may not have owned up, we recount some examples of sportsmen who did admit their guilt…\nMiroslav Klose\nIn September 2012, Lazio striker Miroslav Klose scored from a corner to give his side an early lead against Napoli. After initially celebrating, the German confessed to the referee that he had knocked the ball in with his hand. The referee, who had initially given the goal, then gave a Napoli free-kick. Klose was not booked, instead receiving a handshake from the official and congratulations from Napoli players.\nRobbie Fowler\nIn March 1997, Liverpool forward Robbie Fowler won praise for asking referee Gerald Ashby not to allow a penalty given to his side in a Premier League match against Arsenal at Highbury. Despite Fowler telling Ashby he had not been fouled by Arsenal goalkeeper David Seaman, the decision was not reversed. Fowler took the penalty and Seaman saved it, only for Jason McAteer to follow up to score.\nAlthough Liverpool won 2-1, opposition manager Arsene Wenger said it was a \"great gesture\" by Fowler, who was later awarded a UEFA Fair Play award.\nThe Italian famously caught the ball after Everton goalkeeper Paul Gerrard injured himself as he rushed out of his box. As the ball was crossed Di Canio opted to catch the ball with the score at 0-0. His actions saw him awarded Fifa Fair Play award. Manager Harry Redknapp said at the time: \"I don't think I've ever seen anything quite like that before. It was genuine sportsmanship; it's nice to know that it does still exist in the game. We could have done with the three points but I won't be throttling Di Canio.\"\nArsenal vs Sheffield United 1998\nIn an FA Cup fifth round tie, Sheffield United kicked the ball out of play after an injury, with an Arsenal player throwing the ball back to. Striker Nwankwo Kanu misinterpreted and squared the ball for Marc Overmars, who scored to make it 2-1. After the game Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger offered a replay, which Arsenal won 2-1.\nJan Vertonghen\nVertonghen accidentally scored when trying to kick the ball back to the opposition after an injury against Cambuur Leeuwarden in a Dutch cup game in 2006. He lobbed the goalkeeper unintentionally, but Ajax graciously allowed Cambuur to score in return.\nGolf - Brian Davis\nBrian Davis called a foul shot violation on himself and conceded victory in a final play off at Verizon Heritage against Jim Furyk in April 2010. In search of his first PGA tour win, Davis’ wayward approach shot nestled in some weeds, and after trying to dig the ball out, he caused the ball to move. He admitted to this, and told officials to check slow motion replays for clarification.\nCricket - Adam Gilchrist\nThe former Australian wicket-keeper was known for his honesty at the crease, walking back to the pavilion when he was sure he had made contact with a ball caught by the opposition. Sometimes he did this contrary to the umpire's decision, for example in the 2003 World Cup semi-final against Sri Lanka. Gilchrist suffered harsh words from some teammates who wanted to 'win at all costs', but he did not change his stance.\nBy Sam Weaver and Richard Browne\nLiverpoolLiverpool FCLuis SuarezUruguay\n1/1Luis Suarez 'enjoyed' his handball goal, says Mansfield chairman\nao.com Discount Code\nUp to 25% off electricals & home appliance orders on the app: ao discount","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1537046"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8738905191421509,"wiki_prob":0.8738905191421509,"text":"Home » News » Multi-million pound Tempest funding set to advance the UK’s future Combat Air Capability\nMulti-million pound Tempest funding set to advance the UK’s future Combat Air Capability\nThe UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) has awarded a contract worth approximately £250m to progress the design and development of Tempest, the UK’s Future Combat Air System (FCAS). The contract, signed by BAE Systems, officially marks the start of the programme’s concept and assessment phase.\nThe programme is being delivered by Team Tempest, the combined expertise of MBDA UK, BAE Systems, Leonardo UK, Rolls-Royce and the UK MOD. Working with international partners, the team is leading progress towards a UK-led, internationally collaborative, Future Combat Air System that will ensure the Royal Air Force and its allies retain world-leading, independent military capability.\nThe concept and assessment phase contract will see the partners develop a range of digital concepts, embedding new tools and techniques to design, evaluate and shape the final design and capability requirements of Tempest.\nContinued funding of Tempest underlines the UK Government’s confidence in the progress and maturity of the programme, which is set to deliver the military, industrial and economic requirements of the national combat air strategy.\nBen Wallace, UK Secretary of State for Defence, said:\n“Today’s news is a momentous step towards designing and building a new combat air system which will boost our already world-leading industry and ultimately keep us safe for the rest of the century. The contract I’ve announced today spearheads a £2bn investment over four years and will see thousands of jobs sustained right across the UK.\n“We will now be getting to work with our partners to get the concept right and get this incredibly exciting and ambitious project off the ground. Make no mistake: we are remaining at the top table when it comes to combat air.”\nMike Mew, MBDA UK’s Director for Sales and Business Development, and the company’s senior responsible officer for Team Tempest, added:\n“The funding announced today is a critical milestone for the Tempest programme, and its future represent one of the most exciting periods in the history of our industry.\n“As the Effects Domain lead in Team Tempest our role is to fully optimise the FCAS to operate both existing & future weapons. This contract demonstrates the importance of addressing this during the earliest phases of development, and our bold transformation to a digital first approach is delivering a step change in the time, complexity and cost of weapon systems integration.\n“Together with our Team Tempest industry partners and the Ministry of Defence, this next phase will see us continue to transform the way we deliver, as well as define the technical and capability requirements to develop a concept that will bring Tempest to life.\n“We are on track to deliver an ambitious programme that will deliver a highly advanced and sophisticated air defence capability, capable of countering future threats and safeguarding national security and defence.\n“Not only that, the contract also means Tempest continues to offer an exciting opportunity to develop rewarding careers for the next generation of talent, and a chance for that generation to be part of something genuinely historic.”\nTempest will pioneer cutting-edge technologies, including those assisted by Artificial Intelligence, machine learning and autonomous systems to meet the capability requirements of future conflicts and be operational in the mid-2030s.\nThe design and production of Tempest demands a radically different approach and the Team Tempest partners are working with companies in their supply chain to drive digital transformation, embedding a digital enterprise through the ecosystem; embracing an agile approach that will deliver a combination of advanced technologies, efficiency, speed of production and lower costs.\nEconomic Contribution\nRecent research conducted by PwC underlines how the Tempest programme is expected to deliver significant and wide-ranging benefits to all regions of the UK, stimulating vital investment, productivity, skills and innovation. The programme will make an estimated £26.2bn contribution to the UK economy, create high productivity employment – 78% higher than the UK national average – and will support an average of 21,000 jobs a year.\nThe programme is able to stimulate R&D in regions most in need and generate wider economic benefits for these areas, with 70% of the programme’s value to be generated in the North West, South West and East of England. This means the Tempest programme is well placed to support the UK Government’s levelling up priorities and contribute to the UK’s economic recovery and prosperity in the decades ahead.\nRewarding careers\nAre you passionate about Tempest, the defence world and advanced technology? Would you like to develop your skills in a highly challenging environment? Do you want to work with dynamic people within an integrated international team? If so, find out more about MBDA UK’s rewarding careers here www.mbdacareers.co.uk/","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line358419"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9990870952606201,"wiki_prob":0.9990870952606201,"text":"Home / News / Economic Development / Organizers tout economic upside in World’s Fair bid\nFormer Minnesota Secretary of State Mark Ritchie, chair of the Expo 2023 advisory committee, on Friday formally announced a campaign to bring the World’s Fair to Minnesota. (Staff photo: Bill Klotz)\nBy: Karlee Weinmann\tApril 10, 2015 2:55 pm\nLois Quam\nHarry Melander\nThe committee hoping to bring the World’s Fair to Minnesota in 2023 officially announced its bid on Friday, touting the event as a long-term economic boon for the state.\nBy hosting the massive three-month event, expected to draw between 10 million and 15 million visitors in summer 2023, organizers said Minnesota would land in the global spotlight. But the impact would be bigger than the influx of tourism dollars, the business and local leaders said.\nThe Expo 2023 effort would put more momentum behind the state’s push to bill itself as a destination, organizers said, particularly to attract sought-after young professionals — a population seen as a huge value-add.\n“We all know Minnesota has been gaining national and international recognition on a number of fronts,” said Marilyn Carlson Nelson, co-chair of the Expo 2023 advisory committee and former chair and CEO of the Carlson Cos. “This is going to be a nice complement for that.”\nThe expo, which would push a theme of health and wellness, would provide a platform for Minnesota companies to reach a broader audience, potentially inviting new trading partners and investors from beyond the state’s borders.\n“I see trade and investment opportunities here having a very long tail,” said co-chair Lois Quam, singling out especially high potential for Minnesota companies that are already market leaders in the health, clean water and other industries. Quam, a former executive with Minnetonka-based UnitedHealth Group, is now chief operating officer of the Nature Conservancy.\nStill, big logistics questions loom as the $1.5 million bid process kicks into high gear.\nThe committee needs to find a site big enough to accommodate 62-acre plans for the fair that gives attendees relatively easy access to the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport and other attractions, including sites in greater Minnesota.\nThe North American High Speed Rail Group is a founding supporter of the effort, and the fair bid puts momentum on what would be a landmark infrastructure project to help streamline trips to Rochester, Duluth and other corners of the state, said Expo 2023 advisory committee chair Mark Ritchie, who previously served as Minnesota secretary of state.\nSite selection is expected to last into next year. So far, Ritchie said the committee has zeroed in on “quite a few opportunities” and will likely plant the event in the Twin Cities metro area.\nSpeaking at an event last year, Ritchie named Rosemount’s 5,000-acre UMore Park development site, the 125-acre former Ford Motor Co. facility in St. Paul and the 427-acre former Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant in Arden hills as potential candidates.\n“We are blessed here in the Twin Cities with lots of good possibilities,” Ritchie said on Friday, noting pushes from officials in Shakopee as well as Rochester, suggesting at least one outstate option.\nWhen organizers settle on a location, a private developer will build accommodations for visitors and presenters, a mix of countries and local outfits. That developer will hang onto the site for 100 years, Ritchie said.\nThe Minnesota Building and Construction Trades Council, an early supporter of the project, affirmed its involvement on Friday.\n“We were here early and we’re going to stay for the long haul,” said Harry Melander, the council’s president and a Metropolitan Council member.\nRitchie said it was too early to forecast how big a boost the fair would give to Minnesota’s construction industry and other sectors but said the lead-up to past world’s fairs has propped up local jobs numbers in a big way.\nDespite the prospect of front-loaded gains, though, past expos have sometimes proved a financial drain on their hosts. In 1984, the last time a fair took place in the United States, the Louisiana World Exposition declared bankruptcy before the event was over.\nWhile Ritchie said Expo 2023 isn’t trying to turn a major profit, business analysis from the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management predicts modest gains based on a $20-per-person entry fee and expected daily attendance on par with the State Fair’s figures.\nOrganizers aren’t expecting public funding for the project. So far, Ritchie said they’ve crowd-funded about two-thirds of the bid’s $1.5 million price tag and will look for new contributors of all sizes — mainly businesses with Minnesota ties – to bridge the gap.\nEven though private funding will propel the bid, public officials will play a pivotal role.\n“We’re not expecting public money but we need excellent cooperation from local governments,” Ritchie said.\nOrganizers expect to fine-tune the bid before the end of the year. The U.S. State Department will then pitch it to the selection committee in June 2016, with a decision expected in November of next year.\nExpo 2023 Louisiana World Exposition Metropolitan Council Minnesota Building and Construction Trades Council Nature Conservancy TCAAP Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant U.S. State Department UMore Park UnitedHealth Group World’s Fair 2:55 pm Fri, April 10, 2015 Finance & Commerce","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line47195"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.53087317943573,"wiki_prob":0.46912682056427,"text":"Meghalaya govt to oppose citizenship amendment bill during parliamentary panel visit\nSHILLONG, May 8: The Meghalaya Democratic Allaince (MDA) government has decided to oppose the union government proposed citizenship amendment bill 2016.\nThe decision was arrived at during the Cabinet meeting held at the state secretariat on Tuesday.\nAddressing media persons soon after the meeting, State Deputy Chief Minister Prestone Tynsong said that after a detailed discussion the state government has decided to say a “Big No” to the proposed Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016.\nThe Bill aims at granting citizenship to presecuted Hindus, Parsis, Jains, Sikhs,Christians from Pakistan,Bangladesh and Afghanistan.\nThe State Government’s decision to oppose the Bill comes two days ahead of the Joint Parliamentary Committee.\nThe Joint Parliamentary Committee on the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill,2016 will be visiting Shillong on May 10 and 11.\nThe objective of the Joint Parliamentary Committee is to obtain feedback from the migrants, if any, belonging to religious minority communities of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh i.e Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians residing in the State of Meghalaya and other stakeholders in connection with the examination of ‘The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill 2016’.\nTynsong referred to two provisos of the drafted bill which the government said is flawed and will not serve the interest of the indigeneous people of the state.\n“We cannot accept the clause that entails to the granting of migrants getting citizenship after residing for six years. It is dangerous to our people and that is the main reason that we are saying no to the bill,” the Deputy Chief Minister said.\nHe also said that proper intimation will be officially made to the Committee during its sitting in Shillong.\nPrevious Around 200 houses affected by storm, power supply affected in Garo hills\nNext KHADC to revive the Boundary Dispute Committee\n1 thought on “Meghalaya govt to oppose citizenship amendment bill during parliamentary panel visit”\nJohn B says:\nA very good decision… As it is seen, this will just increase our states population and also cause unrest among various sections of society, and not to forget, there will also be some of those antisocials and antinationals to take a negative advantage of this bill.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1407561"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7886945605278015,"wiki_prob":0.7886945605278015,"text":"Iran nuclear talks to restart as US emphasizes it’s ‘prepared to use other options’ if diplomacy fails\nBy Nicole Gaouette, Kylie Atwood and Jennifer Hansler, CNN\nThe US and its allies restart Iran nuclear talks on Monday unsure how Tehran’s new government will approach negotiations, not optimistic about the prospects ahead and emphasizing that if diplomacy fails, the US is “prepared to use other options.”\nThe parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action will reconvene in Vienna after almost six months to discuss a mutual return to the deal by both the US and Iran, but the hiatus has given time for new obstacles to take root.\nOn Friday, Iran announced yet more advances in its uranium enrichment, which reduces the amount of time Tehran would need to develop a nuclear weapon, if it chooses to, an announcement clearly meant to give Iran leverage when it arrives in Vienna for talks.\nOther parties to the agreement — including Germany, the UK, Britain, France, China and Russia — are coming into the talks calling for negotiations to pick up where they left off. European sources tell CNN they expect the Iranians to treat the meeting as “round one.” US officials have expressed similar concerns.\nThe recently elected hardline government in Tehran will send a new set of negotiators to Vienna who have been emphasizing the need for complete US sanctions relief, not compliance with the deal, while US officials have said they have absolutely no plans to offer Iran incentives to talk.\n‘The time to choose is short’\nAnd senior US officials have repeatedly warned that if advances in Iran’s nuclear program and enrichment capability continue unabated, they could render the benefits of the JCPOA moot — a development that would force the US to pursue other options.\n“We are still hopeful that diplomacy can find a way,” Brett McGurk, the National Security Council’s coordinator for the Middle East and North Africa, told the Manama Dialogue organized by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. “But if it cannot find a way, we are prepared to use other options.”\n“There is no question, we are not going to allow Iran to get a nuclear weapon, period,” McGurk said. “And when it came to military force for behavior change, that is a pretty fuzzy objective for a military force. When it comes to military force to prevent a country from obtaining a nuclear weapon, that is a very achievable objective.”\nUS Special Envoy for Iran Rob Malley said in a tweet after a November 18 meeting with Middle Eastern allies and European parties to the deal that Iran could choose one of two paths: “continued nuclear escalation & crisis, or mutual return to the JCPOA, creating opportunities for regional economic & diplomatic ties.”\n“Time to choose is short,” Malley wrote.\nSources familiar with preparations for the talks say that the parties were closely watching International Atomic Energy Agency director Rafael Grossi’s visit to Tehran last week, seeing it as an indication of Iran’s approach to the talks in Vienna, those sources said. Grossi told the IAEA board afterward that the talks were “inconclusive.”\nOne of the contentious issues remaining is that Iran is refusing inspectors from the IAEA monitoring access to the Karaj centrifuge production facility, which reports suggest has resumed operations.\n“This is seriously affecting the [IAEA’s] ability to restore continuity of knowledge at the [Karaj] workshop, which has been widely recognized as essential in relation to a return to the JCPOA,” Grossi told a Board of Governors meeting on Wednesday.\nThe Arms Control Association noted that Iran’s refusal to allow the IAEA to install new cameras or confirm that production hasn’t restarted could undermine attempts to revitalize the JCPOA and its strict verification regime if it isn’t possibly to fully complete records of Iran’s nuclear program. Tehran’s refusal to grant access to Karaj also drives speculation and concern about what, exactly, Iran is doing, the ACA said.\n‘No choice’\nOn Thursday, the US Mission to International Organizations in Vienna told the IAEA meeting that “if Iran’s non-cooperation is not immediately remedied … especially the restoration of continuity of knowledge at Karaj, the Board will have no choice but to reconvene in extraordinary session before the end of this year in order to address the crisis.”\nMeanwhile, on Friday, Iran announced its stock of 60% enriched uranium has grown to 66 pounds (30 kilograms) and its amount of 20% enriched uranium had also increased. Both levels are much closer to weapons-grade uranium which is enriched above 90%.\nAccording to the Arms Control Association, enriching uranium to 20% “constitutes about 90 percent of the necessary work to enrich to weapons-grade.”\nAs Iran’s stockpiles grow, the ACA says, its breakout time, or the time it would take to produce enough uranium enriched to weapons-grade for one bomb, decreases. The ACA estimates that Iran’s current breakout time is likely about one month, down from 12 months when the JCPOA was fully implemented.\nEnrichment was limited under the JCPOA, which the US left unilaterally in May 2018 under former President Donald Trump. Iran restarted enrichment last year to pressure the US to ease sanctions.\n‘A very uncertain proposition’\nState Department spokesman Ned Price reflected the ambiguity surrounding the resumed talks on November 22, calling the mutual return to compliance with the JCPOA “a very uncertain proposition.”\nThe next day, Price told reporters in Washington that, “it is our hope that the new government in Iran shows up in Vienna and shows up in Vienna ready to negotiate in good faith to build on the progress that had been achieved in the previous six rounds of negotiations.”\nBut he added that the US has “been very clear that we are not prepared to take unilateral steps solely for the benefit of greasing the wheel” to get the talks going again. Former President Donald Trump pulled the US from the deal in 2018.\nSources familiar with the preparations for the talks have told CNN that the US and its allies are not at a point where they would begin offering Iran confidence building measures, but one official said there is a possibility the US and its allies could employ them down the road. As a result, incentives for Iran won’t be discussed at this week’s meetings in Vienna, where the US and allies will be focused on simply taking the temperature and seeking to advance from where they left off months ago, US and European sources explained.\n‘Plan B’\nEveryone involved in the talks is mindful of the ticking clock. The sources told CNN that there’s still time to reach a deal, but it would likely run out by the end of next year. For now, they said there is no hard and fast “Plan B” yet.\nCritics of the deal say that the Biden administration has sacrificed leverage by easing pressure on Iran while it builds up its nuclear program.\n“The Biden administration’s Iran policy is failing, and without a significant course correction that policy will either result in Iranian nuclear weapons or in a war to stop that development,” said Mark Dubowitz, the CEO of Foundation for Defense of Democracies. Dubowitz argued that the administration’s approach will allow Iran to rebuild toward a “lethal end state” of with pathways to nuclear weapons and a robust nuclear infrastructure.\n“Israel is going to have no choice but to use military force to stop Iran’s nuclear weapons before Tehran reaches this lethal end state,” Dubowitz said.\nIsraeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett has been making clear that Israel will be prepared to act if necessary. Addressing delegates at a security conference near Tel Aviv on Tuesday, Bennett said that “if there is a return to the JCPOA, Israel obviously is not a party to the agreement and is not obligated by it.”\nBennett complained that after the nuclear deal was signed in 2015, the “State of Israel simply went to sleep. We were occupied with other things. We will learn from this mistake. We will maintain our freedom of action,” he said.\nWestern officials have tried to argue to the Israelis that attacks on Israel’s nuclear program are not very useful when the overall goal is to come up with a comprehensive solution, and especially when the Iranians have sped up their capability to rebuild after attacks, sources familiar with the Iran talks have told CNN.\nWestern officials have also raised the danger of Iran responding with kinetic action, but sources familiar with the talks say Israeli officials still seem to think that it is still an effective tool to show their capabilities.\nAsked about those warnings, Price said that, “at the end of the day, the United States and Israel, we share a common objective here, and that is to see to it that Iran is verifiably and permanently prevented from obtaining a nuclear weapon. And we continue to believe that diplomacy in coordination with our allies and partners — and that, of course, includes Israel — is the best path to achieve that goal.”\n“We’ve also been very clear that this is not a process that can go on indefinitely and if the Iranians through their actions or through their inactions demonstrate or suggest that they lack that good faith, that they lack that clarity of purpose, we’ll have to turn to other means,” Price said Tuesday. “We have a variety of other means we’re discussing those with our allies and partners.”\nDiplomatic flurry\nIn recent weeks, US officials have conducted a flurry of diplomacy with regional powers and other parties to the deal, working to forge a united front.\nPresident Joe Biden met with European partners to discuss Iran during the June G7 meetings in the UK. In recent weeks, Secretary of State Antony Blinken has also conferred with European allies, as well as China and Russia, on Iran. And Malley recently met with Gulf countries, Israeli officials and European partners in the JCPOA.\n“I think the Iranians believe they have some eastward option with Russia and China in which they can circumvent the pressure of sanctions,” McGurk said on Sunday. “And that is just wrong. And so I think we are approaching the talks at the end of November as a pretty united front with the P5+1.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1614554"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6181702017784119,"wiki_prob":0.38182979822158813,"text":"Man's Chest Caught on Fire During Surgery—Here's How That Happens\nAs if open heart surgery isn't enough of a challenge.\nBy Christina Oehler Updated June 04, 2019\nUndergoing open heart surgery is a pretty big deal on its own. But one surgery patient faced an incredible and life-threatening complication while on the operating table: A fire broke out inside his chest cavity in the middle of the procedure.\nThe 60-year-old man, from Melbourne, Australia, went to the hospital for emergency surgery in 2018 to repair a tear in the inner layer of the wall of his aorta. The unusual case, which was presented over the weekend at the European Society of Anaesthesiology annual meeting, involved a patient with a medical history that was a bit more complicated than usual. He had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a lung disease that contributed to this rare accident.\nRELATED: 9 Subtle Signs You Could Have a Heart Problem\nSo how exactly did a fire break out in his chest? Because of his COPD, the man had air pockets in his lungs called bullae. During surgery, a doctor accidentally punctured the bullae, which caused air to leak from the lung. To prevent respiratory problems during surgery, doctors had increased the amount of oxygen in the patient’s anesthesia. A surgical tool the doctors were using emitted a spark—and the combination of this and the extra oxygen caused the dry surgical pack inside the patient’s chest to catch fire.\nRELATED: 8 Causes of Chest Pain That Aren't a Heart Attack\nIncredibly, the surgical team was not only able to extinguish the fire, but the patient made it out of his surgery successfully. What might be even more amazing, however, is that this isn't the first time a surgery patient's chest caught on fire. It's known to have happened six times before.\n\"While there are only a few documented cases of chest cavity fires—three involving thoracic surgery and three involving coronary bypass grafting—all have involved the presence of dry surgical packs, electrocautery, increased inspired oxygen concentrations, and patients with COPD or pre-existing lung disease,” Ruth Shaylor, MD, a doctor from Austin Health in Melbourne, where the fire took place, said in a press release from the annual meeting.\n\"This case highlights the continued need for fire training and prevention strategies and quick intervention to prevent injury whenever electrocautery is used in oxygen-enriched environments,” she stated. “In particular surgeons and anaesthetists need to be aware that fires can occur in the chest cavity if a lung is damaged or there is an air leak for any reason, and that patients with COPD are at increased risk.\"\nTo get our top stories delivered to your inbox, sign up for the Healthy Living newsletter","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line840812"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5673191547393799,"wiki_prob":0.5673191547393799,"text":"What does the public know about transparency and safeguards in the procurement & deployment of Digital Technology Systems in Africa?\nAFIC released its research report “Sunlight in Digital Technologies”. This report analyzes data gathered through triangulation from varied secondary and primary sources, using an exploratory research design combining a scoping review of grey and published literature with key informant interviews and a survey in Uganda, Liberia, and Nigeria to assess what the public knows about transparency and safeguards in the procurement and deployment of Digital Technology Systems in Africa.\nThe report finds that overall, only 38% of survey participants were knowledgeable about government purchase of at least one of the three technologies which include biometric, artificial intelligence, and facial recognition technologies. In addition, more Nigerians were knowledgeable about their government’s procurement of facial recognition (75%) and biometric technologies (73%) than Ugandans (20%) and Liberians (54%). Artificial intelligence was the least known of the three technologies perhaps because of its nature i.e., less visible than facial recognition technologies which are on the streets, in offices and banks, or biometric technologies that are used during electioneering.\nThe Report also explored the purpose for which governments procure the Digital Technology Systems across the three countries. Specifically, these technologies help government Ministries, Departments, and Agencies to deliver their statutory service delivery mandates while in some, they may support other purposes related to security other than the core purposes they were procured. Across the three countries, biometric machines, CCTV cameras, voter verification kits, and facial recognition systems have been procured for registration for citizens’ NINs, voter registration, and support in the management of elections.\nThe report further discovered that in all three countries, different government MDAs were procuring Digital Technology Systems. However, MDAs in the security sector and those whose functions depend on having accurate information about citizens (for instance, Electoral Commission) procured these technologies more than others. Fewer MDAs in Liberia procured and deployed DTS than in Nigeria and Uganda. The primary sources of funding for DTS procurement across the three countries are the national budgets (annual tax revenue). For example, in some of the agencies that participated in this study in Uganda, government funding for DTS constituted over 75% of the total cost, while donors contributed only 25%. The government financed the purchase of hardware while donors raised funds for software.\nIt was also clear all three countries are yet to establish institutions that will facilitate the protection of data collected through Digital Technology Systems. However, this report acknowledges that there have been efforts by all three countries to put in place institutions that oversee government digital platforms:\nIn Uganda, the National Information Technology Authority-Uganda (NITA-U) is expected to offer guidance to agencies to develop institutional data protection mechanisms, and in Nigeria, government is in the process of creating a central database linking the National Identification Numbers (NIN) with all data collected by government agencies and the private sector such as the sim cards, international passports, and Bank Verification Numbers (BVN). Furthermore, the National Assembly is reviewing the Data Protection Bill, which will create the Office of the Independent Data Protection Commissioner. These efforts are aimed at stemming misuse and abuse of personal data by criminals and third parties due to proliferation of databases with information on citizens.\nSanctions for data misuse were embedded in various laws and policies as reported by participants from Nigeria, Uganda and Liberia. However, participants from Nigeria and Liberia emphasized sanctions other than those from Uganda and Liberia. In Nigeria, laws have sanctions that strengthen proper use of data. Hence, although ostensibly procured to ensure efficient service delivery, promote safety, security, citizenship and democracy, evidence suggests that DTS are sometimes deployed against the grain of these ideals when they are used by security agencies to crack down on opposition politicians, especially in Uganda. Interviews with participants from civil society organizations in Uganda raised concerns on abuse or misuse of DTS, particularly CCTV cameras and the FinFisher spyware. They argue that these technology platforms were acquired primarily to enable state surveillance of opposition figures in order to silence dissenting voices.\nThis report seeks clarity on the extent to which the Digital Technology Systems are supported by prevailing legal and policy frameworks without specific laws governing their procurement and deployment. While there are no special laws to guide the procurement of DTS in all the countries, less than one percent of the value of contracts for DTSs is disclosed, increasing the risk for corruption and inefficiency in the tendering and procurement of DTSs across the three countries. With a lack of disclosure, it is difficult for data users in the public, private and voluntary sectors to meaningfully contribute to the improvement of performance and governance of DTS procurements.\nTogether with Partners, AFIC recommends that:\nData protection laws and policies in respective countries should be enacted and strictly enforced to protect citizens from unwarranted manipulation for commercial and political advertising.\nData holding public and private agencies should publish annual transparency reports regarding the release to third parties data collected using DTSs. Governments should also strengthen existing laws to ensure proper usage and protection of individual data that are collected through DTS. In line with this, the public should be sensitized on such laws so that in case of abuse they can seek justice.\nCivil society organizations should take interest and monitor the regulation and compliance of data holders the protection of personal information and privacy.\nAFIC and Partners conducted this study; PPDC and CEMESP, with support from the Omidyar Network. The Report is available on AFIC’s website in English.\nAccess to Information, Open Contracting","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line700713"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5992820858955383,"wiki_prob":0.40071791410446167,"text":"Rio Holaday\nRio Holaday has always wanted to know what makes people tick, and she uses facilitation, graphic recording, and hard conversations to find out. She has a strong grounding in social justice and public health, and is currently a Culture of Health Leader with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.\nRio’s graphic recording practice involves listening, synthesizing, and documenting conversations live and large-scale using images and words. She centers social justice and racial equity in her practice, and constantly asks how graphic practitioners can normalize oppressed stories and stop using visuals that perpetuate stereotypes.\nRio was formerly the Director of HOPE Collaborative and a Senior Policy Analyst at ChangeLab Solutions, both in Oakland. She co-founded Rebel Ventures, a social enterprise that works with high school students to make healthy snacks to sell in corner stores and schools, and conducted research on food access in Philadelphia. Rio is a former Fulbright Scholar and worked in refugee resettlement in Vermont. She received her MPH from the University of Pennsylvania, a master’s degree in Forced Migration from the University of the Witwatersrand, and bachelor’s degree from Wesleyan University.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1726061"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8524219393730164,"wiki_prob":0.8524219393730164,"text":"The 40 Day and 40 Night Challenge: A Blueprint for National Survival\nGage Skidmore / Wikimedia Commons\nAre you ready to take the 40-Day and 40-Night Challenge? Our nation's survival may be at stake.\nHere is the blueprint:\nGlenn Beck: Why is Pelosi REFUSING to release Jan. 6 Capitol Police information?\nRep. Rodney Davis (R-Ill.) recently sent a fiery letter to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi demanding she stop obstructing GOP efforts to investigate security measures taken before and on January 6, 2021.\nOn \"The Glenn Beck Program,\" Rep. Davis said the Capitol Police should release all communications concerning security from that day, but the police chief can’t do so without an \"okay\" from the House sergeant at arms — a Pelosi appointee. Americans deserve to know why the Capitol’s security posture was so bad that day, so we can be sure it won’t happen again, but unfortunately, Rep. Davis told Glenn, that may not occur until Republicans take the House majority back.\n\"Republicans condemn the violence that took place a year ago. That was unanimous,\" Davis said. \"But here we are today still left wondering, what did the sergeant at arms of the House — the lead law enforcement official appointed directly by the speaker — what did he do in preparation leading up to January 6? There's been conflicting testimony, and all I've ever asked for, as the lead Republican on the respective oversight committee, is just to get the communications. We want to know what preparations were made, and the only person standing in the way of us getting the communications from her own appointee, who controls the House security operations, is Speaker Pelosi,\" he added.\n\"Unfortunately, the House is a very majority-driven institution. And remember, the Capitol Police chief cannot make a single security decision without going to Speaker Pelosi's appointed sergeant at arms. That's her own political appointee,\" Davis continued. \"So, you know when I'm going to get this information? It's when I'm the chairman of the House Administration Committee when Republicans take over Congress in November of 2022.\"\nWatch the video clip below to catch more of the conversation:","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line471560"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5863351225852966,"wiki_prob":0.41366487741470337,"text":"The Majority Of Young Adults Have Moved Back In With Their Parents Due To The Pandemic\nby Leah Groth September 5, 2020\n10'000 Hours/Getty Images\nThe last time this many young adults were living with their parents was during the Great Depression\nThe coronavirus pandemic has undeniably changed the dynamics of society. When the nation’s shutdown started in mid-March and the majority of the country was advised to shelter in place, many young adults headed home to stay with mom and dad to ride out the pandemic. In fact, according to a new poll, over half of young adults between the ages of 18 and 29 are currently living at home with their parents — the most since the Great Depression.\nDuring the month of July, the majority of young Americans — 52 percent of them — were living with one or both of their parents, according to a Pew Research Center poll published on Friday. Compared against monthly Census Bureau data from years before, this is higher than any previous measurement.\n“Before 2020, the highest measured value was in the 1940 census at the end of the Great Depression, when 48 percent of young adults lived with their parents,” the report states. “The peak may have been higher during the worst of the Great Depression in the 1930s, but there is no data for that period.”\nTo put this in perspective, from February — shortly before the shelter-in-place orders were administered in most of the country — until July, an additional 2.6 million young adults were living with mom and pops. Those on the younger end of the young adult spectrum (18 to 24) as well as white young adults experienced the sharpest growth.\n“The number and share of young adults living with their parents grew across the board for all major racial and ethnic groups, men and women, and metropolitan and rural residents, as well as in all four main census regions,” Pew says.\nSurprisingly, the racial and ethnic gap from previous years seems to be closing in when it comes to cohabitation with parents.\n“In past decades, white young adults have been less likely than their Asian, Black and Hispanic counterparts to live with their parents. That gap has narrowed since February as the number of white young adults living with their mothers and/or fathers grew more than for other racial and ethnic groups,” the report states.\nThe survey found that young adults “have been particularly hard hit by this year’s pandemic and economic downturn, and have been more likely to move than other age groups.” In fact, approximately one-in-ten (9 percent) surveyed revealed that they had temporarily or permanently relocated due to the coronavirus outbreak, and 10 percent had another person move into their household. Twenty-three percent of young adults who moved attributed it to their college campus closing. However, 18 percent revealed that it was due to job loss or other financial reasons. The report also points out that this age group is more likely than other age groups to experience unemployment or a pay cut as a result of the pandemic.\nInformation about COVID-19 is rapidly changing, and Scary Mommy is committed to providing the most recent data in our coverage. With news being updated so frequently, some of the information in this story may have changed after publication. For this reason, we are encouraging readers to use online resources from local public health departments, the Centers for Disease Control, and the World Health Organization to remain as informed as possible.\nBack to Coronavirus","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1763300"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9768519997596741,"wiki_prob":0.9768519997596741,"text":"https://apnews.com/article/mlb-sports-chicago-chicago-white-sox-st-louis-cardinals-720a5ab85e4e84436080a18fddf43efd\nRobert, Lopez lift White Sox over eliminated Reds 7-1\nBy MARK GONZALESSeptember 29, 2021 GMT\nChicago White Sox's Leury Garcia (28) slides into home plate while being tagged out by Cincinnati Reds catcher Tucker Barnhart right, while trying for an inside the park home run during the fourth inning of a baseball game Tuesday, Sept. 28, 2021, in Chicago. (AP Photo/Paul Beaty)\nCHICAGO (AP) — Luis Robert homered twice, Reynaldo Lopez pitched two-hit ball over a season-high six innings and the Chicago White Sox beat Cincinnati 7-1 Tuesday night as the Reds were eliminated from postseason contention.\nThe Reds (82-76) had won four straight but were knocked out of the NL playoff hunt mid-game when the St. Louis Cardinals beat Milwaukee to lock up the second wild card.\n“Tip your cap to the Cardinals,” Reds manager David Bell said after St. Louis won its franchise-record 17th straight game. “It’s pretty amazing what they’re doing now.”\nThe White Sox (90-68), who clinched the AL Central last Thursday, have won three straight. They remain 2 1/2 games behind Houston for home-field advantage in the first round of the AL Division Series.\nRobert paced a four-homer attack, marking the 12th time the White Sox have hit at least four home runs in a game and tying a franchise record set in 2006. They have hit at least four homers in a game 10 times since June 30.\nRobert has hit 11 home runs in 39 games since returning from the injured list Aug. 9. He hit a solo shot in the first off Riley O’Brien (0-1), who was making his major league debut. Robert added a two-run shot in the eighth off Amir Garrett.\n“He’s got his ego in check,” White Sox manager Tony La Russa said. “It gives him a chance to be very good for a long time.”\nYoan Moncada and Gavin Sheets also homered for the White Sox. Sheets, who connected off Luis Cessa in the fourth, added an RBI single during a two-run sixth.\nLopez (4-3) didn’t walk a batter and hasn’t issued a walk over his last 11 1/3 innings. After allowing a single to Joey Votto to start the second, Lopez retired his next 10 batters.\nThis was Lopez’s longest outing since he pitched eight innings in a 7-1 win over Detroit in the first game of a doubleheader on Sept. 28, 2019.\nLopez believes he has pitched well enough to earn a spot on the playoff roster, which will be discussed Friday.\n“That’s something that’s not in my hands,” Lopez said. “I’m doing all they’re asking me to do.”\nEugenio Suarez ended Lopez’s shutout bid with his 30th homer with one out in the fifth. Suarez joined teammates Votto and Nick Castellanos in the 30-homer club. This marked the fifth time in franchise history that a trio of Reds have hit at least 30 homers in a season.\nO’Brien, who was 7-7 with a 4.55 ERA in 23 games at Triple-A Louisville, started in place of Luis Castillo, who is on the family medical emergency list.\n“My mechanics weren’t too crisp and could have been better,” said O’Brien, who said he pitched in front of 40 family members and friends.\nABREU’S ARGUMENT\nWhite Sox slugger Jose Abreu said he took exception to Detroit reliever Alex Lange’s chirping that led to a benches-clearing incident in Monday’s 8-7 win.\n“Even when he hit me, he didn’t apologize or say anything,” Abreu said. “And that’s fine. But then I slid into second base and he started chirping, that’s not good, you don’t do that.”\nReds: To make room for O’Brien, LHP Cionel Perez was optioned to Triple-A Louisville.\nReds: None of the six players on Cincinnati’s 10-day injured list will return this season, Bell said.\nWhite Sox: OF Adam Engel (leg soreness) is expected to start Wednesday night. Engel hasn’t played since Aug. 23. ... RHP Ryan Tepera (cut finger) threw a bullpen session with the hope he can pitch this weekend, La Russa said.\nRHP Sonny Gray (7-8, 3.99) will oppose the White Sox on Wednesday night. Gray is 4-0 with a 2.93 ERA lifetime in seven career starts against Chicago.\nLHP Carlos Rodon (12-5, 2.47) will face the Reds. Rodon is 4-0 with a 2.35 in his last five starts but has pitched only once since Sept. 10 due to left shoulder fatigue.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1459252"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9602895975112915,"wiki_prob":0.9602895975112915,"text":"Khashoggi murder: Probe blames Saudi Arabia for 'premeditated execution' of journalist\nSaudi Arabian journalist Jamal Khashoggi was the victim of a \"deliberate, premeditated execution,\" a United Nations special rapporteur has concluded in the first independent investigation into his death.\nIn a much anticipated report, released Wednesday, UN extrajudicial executions investigator Agnes Callamard said that Saudi Arabia was responsible under international law for Khashoggi's \"extrajudicial killing.\"\nA prominent writer and Washington Post columnist, Khashoggi died after entering the Saudi consulate in Istanbul in October 2018. While Riyadh initially denied any knowledge of the incident, Saudi officials later claimed that a group of rogue operators, many of whom belong to Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's inner circle, were responsible for the journalist's death .\nThe Saudi attorney general later acknowledged that Khashoggi was killed in a premeditated murder.\nThe special rapporteur does not make any conclusions on the guilt of the Saudi Crown Prince and King. Instead, Callamard says that there is \"credible evidence meriting further investigation by a proper authority\" as to whether the \"threshold of criminal responsibility has been met.\"\nShe goes on to say that Khashoggi was \"fully aware of the powers held by the Crown Prince\" and had expressed fears about what would happen to him if he returned to the kingdom.\nCNN has reached out to the Saudi government for a response to Wednesday's report.\nRiyadh has maintained that neither bin Salman nor King Salman knew of the operation to target Khashoggi. US officials, however, have said such a mission -- including 15 men sent from Riyadh -- could not have been carried out without the authorization of bin Salman.\nAccording to the report -- which cites evidence from Turkish and other intelligence agencies -- after entering the consulate, Khashoggi was injected with a sedative and then his head put inside a plastic bag and suffocated.\nIt quotes an audio recording from inside the consulate, in which Khashoggi is heard being told he will be taken to Saudi Arabia.\n\"We will have to take you back. There is an order from Interpol,\" a Saudi man tells the journalist, who replies that \"there isn't a case against me\" and warns them that people are waiting for him outside the consulate.\nThe men instruct Khashoggi to write a text message to his son, and argue over what he should say before a voice says \"Cut it short.\"\n\"There is a towel here. Are you going to give me drugs?\" Khashoggi asks.\n\"We will anesthetize you,\" a man responds.\nA struggle can then be heard, after which a man asks whether Khashoggi has passed out.\n\"He raises his head.\"\n\"Keep pushing.\"\n\"Push here; don't remove your hand; push it.\"\nIt has previously been reported that after Khashoggi was killed his body was dismembered and removed from the consulate in separate bags. It has not been found.\nThe special rapporteur found credible evidence pointing to the crime scenes having been \"thoroughly, even forensically, cleaned\" -- indicating that the Saudi investigation was \"not conducted in good faith, and that it may amount to obstructing justice.\"\nRepercussions for Riyadh\nKhashoggi's killing and the continued fallout from it has caused a diplomatic crisis for Riyadh , ruining Saudi Arabia's already shaky international reputation and leading many allies to distance themselves from bin Salman.\nWhile US President Donald Trump has shied away from taking a hard line against bin Salman, wishing to retain Riyadh's support in pressuring Iran and flow of money for arms sales, other American politicians have sought to punish the Saudis.\nWeeks after the killing, top US officials called for a ceasefire in the Saudi-led but US-supported war in Yemen, and Congress has voted to end US involvement in that conflict entirely -- though Trump vetoed that motion .\nBin Salman's \" Davos in the Desert \" summit weeks after the Khashoggi killing was a failure after many high profile guests pulled out, and investment in the Kingdom has also suffered since Khashoggi's killing, at a time when the Crown Prince is desperately trying to get foreign backing for his Vision 2030 plan.\nWashington has also eased up on Saudi rival Qatar, after initially backing Riyadh's attempts to blockade its fellow Gulf monarchy.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1043784"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5845192074775696,"wiki_prob":0.4154807925224304,"text":"Here's the \"official\" biography\nNorm Strauss is a concert/recording artist who has toured extensively in Canada, Europe and parts of the USA. He has recorded 15 full-length solo recording projects and appeared on eight compilation and live compilation projects released both here in Canada and Europe. Norm has written hundreds of songs some which have been published internationally and recorded by numerous artists around the world. His concerts have been described a ‘journey of the heart’ accompanied by world class finger-style guitar, vocal and story telling.\nNorm is also a seminar speaker and record producer and has a touring schedule that takes him all over the place. If you are not familiar with Norm's brand of eclectic roots/americana/blues style music you owe it to yourself to listen in to the conversation.\nCanadian born singer-songwriter Norm Strauss is known for world-class songwriting, storytelling and guitar playing. Always thoughtful, always authentic, his career spans almost 30 years and he is a masterful performer. He has gained rave reviews in every coffeehouse, festival, theatre and folk club that he has played and is always asked to return to those same venues. He maintains a touring schedule of roughly 110 concerts per year across Canada and Western Europe and his performances have been described by newspapers and concert reviewers as 'A journey of the heart' (Cochrane folk Club) and 'Masterful with Pure Emotion.' (Max 30 Klub, Augsburg).\nIf you like authentic music, delivered masterfully with humor and heart, you owe it to yourself to experience this world class artist live and in concert.\n\"A true, full blooded musician from head to toe.\" Stefanie Kloss The Voice of Germany\nMasterful Musicianship. Wonderful songwriting!-Gilli Moon songs alive Los Angeles\nYou will see how spiritual music can be! -Pep Estrada Vamp Club Palma Mallorca\nThis is the 'unofficial version'.\nDon't read this if you have attention deficit.\nI was born in Prince Rupert BC and grew up mostly in the northern towns of British Columbia like Vanderhoof, Williams Lake.... Places you would have a hard time finding if you didn't know where they were. I come from a very musical family. In fact, unless you played an instrument or sang you wouldn't even be considered for the part.\nI played as a drummer in various rock bands through high school but never thought of myself in the role of a singer/songwriter. I never even played guitar back then. That came after high school when I was working in the timber camps of central BC. In the winters we would be stationed in logging camps deep in the forests about 150 km from the nearest town. I picked up guitar then for the first time because I had nothing else to do in the evenings.\nThat was how it all started. 21 years old sitting in my bunkroom with the smell of pine sawdust and chainsaw oil in my nose and the sounds of James Taylor, Mark heard and Paul Simon in my ears (via my cassette player.) I would try to figure out what they were doing and try to mimic the picking on my $400 Yamaha acoustic. I spent almost 3 years doing that.\nI started writing songs soon after when I moved down to Kelowna to explore the 'big city'. I was amazed when people would actually sit through the songs. Eventually I recorded my first project (for the tidy sum of $150.00 on Malcolm Petch's home stereo system). Malcolm had figured out how to bounce tracks between two cassettes and thereby create multi-tracking. I sold 500 copies that summer and was introduced into the world of making music to pay rent. I have been doing more or less the same thing since then.\nI have been happily married now for 30 years. My wife is a best selling author of murder mysteries. You can see her stuff at www.leestraussbooks.com. We have 4 kids all grown up now. We divide our time between Dresden, Germany. Mexico and Germany.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line179216"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6483033895492554,"wiki_prob":0.35169661045074463,"text":"Greek Esther\nDaniel Greek\nThe Flood\n1The LORD said to Noah, “Go into the boat with your whole family; I have found that you are the only one in all the world who does what is right. 2Take with you seven pairs of each kind of ritually clean animal, but only one pair of each kind of unclean animal. 3Take also seven pairs of each kind of bird. Do this so that every kind of animal and bird will be kept alive to reproduce again on the earth. 4Seven days from now I am going to send rain that will fall for forty days and nights, in order to destroy all the living beings that I have made.” 5And Noah did everything that the LORD commanded.\n6Noah was 600 years old when the flood came on the earth. 7#Mt 24.38–39; Lk 17.27He and his wife, and his sons and their wives, went into the boat to escape the flood. 8A male and a female of every kind of animal and bird, whether ritually clean or unclean, 9went into the boat with Noah, as God had commanded. 10Seven days later the flood came.\n11 # 2 Pet 3.6 When Noah was 600 years old, on the seventeenth day of the second month all the outlets of the vast body of water beneath the earth burst open, all the floodgates of the sky were opened, 12and rain fell on the earth for forty days and nights. 13On that same day Noah and his wife went into the boat with their three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and their wives. 14With them went every kind of animal, domestic and wild, large and small, and every kind of bird. 15A male and a female of each kind of living being went into the boat with Noah, 16as God had commanded. Then the LORD shut the door behind Noah.\n17The flood continued for forty days, and the water became deep enough for the boat to float. 18The water became deeper, and the boat drifted on the surface. 19It became so deep that it covered the highest mountains; 20it went on rising until it was about seven metres above the tops of the mountains. 21Every living being on the earth died — every bird, every animal, and every person. 22Everything on earth that breathed died. 23The LORD destroyed all living beings on the earth — human beings, animals, and birds. The only ones left were Noah and those who were with him in the boat. 24The water did not start going down for 150 days.\nGood News Bible with Deuterocanonicals/Apocrypha. Scripture taken from the Good News Bible (r) (Today's English Version Second Edition, UK/British Edition). Copyright © 1992 British & Foreign Bible Society. Used by permission.\n1Yahweh said to Noah, “Come with all of your household into the ship, for I have seen your righteousness before me in this generation. 2You shall take seven pairs of every clean animal with you, the male and his female. Of the animals that are not clean, take two, the male and his female. 3Also of the birds of the sky, seven and seven, male and female, to keep seed alive on the surface of all the earth. 4In seven days, I will cause it to rain on the earth for forty days and forty nights. I will destroy every living thing that I have made from the surface of the ground.”\n5Noah did everything that Yahweh commanded him.\n6Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters came on the earth. 7Noah went into the ship with his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives, because of the floodwaters. 8Clean animals, unclean animals, birds, and everything that creeps on the ground 9went by pairs to Noah into the ship, male and female, as God commanded Noah. 10After the seven days, the floodwaters came on the earth. 11In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the same day all the fountains of the great deep were burst open, and the sky’s windows were opened. 12It rained on the earth forty days and forty nights.\n13In the same day Noah, and Shem, Ham, and Japheth—the sons of Noah—and Noah’s wife and the three wives of his sons with them, entered into the ship— 14they, and every animal after its kind, all the livestock after their kind, every creeping thing that creeps on the earth after its kind, and every bird after its kind, every bird of every sort. 15Pairs from all flesh with the breath of life in them went into the ship to Noah. 16Those who went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God commanded him; then Yahweh shut him in. 17The flood was forty days on the earth. The waters increased, and lifted up the ship, and it was lifted up above the earth. 18The waters rose, and increased greatly on the earth; and the ship floated on the surface of the waters. 19The waters rose very high on the earth. All the high mountains that were under the whole sky were covered. 20The waters rose fifteen cubits#A cubit is the length from the tip of the middle finger to the elbow on a man’s arm, or about 18 inches or 46 centimeters. higher, and the mountains were covered. 21All flesh died that moved on the earth, including birds, livestock, animals, every creeping thing that creeps on the earth, and every man. 22All on the dry land, in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life, died. 23Every living thing was destroyed that was on the surface of the ground, including man, livestock, creeping things, and birds of the sky. They were destroyed from the earth. Only Noah was left, and those who were with him in the ship. 24The waters flooded the earth one hundred fifty days.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1690208"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9361660480499268,"wiki_prob":0.9361660480499268,"text":"Born: 13 September 1903\nOld Time Radio, Saint-Mandé, France\nDied: 30 July 1996, Speightstown, Barbados\nAn American actress, and a leading lady for two decades. Colbert began her career in Broadway productions during the 1920s, progressing to film with the advent of talking pictures. Initially associated with Paramount Pictures, later gradually Colbert shifted to a freelance actor. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress in It Happened One Night (1934), and also received Academy Award nominations in Private Worlds (1935) and Since You Went Away (1944).\nÉmilie \"Lily\" Chauchoin (pronounced “show-shwan”) was born in Saint-Mandé (an eastern suburb of Paris), France, to Georges Claude Chauchoin (1867-1925) and Jeanne Marie (née Loew, 1877-1970). Despite being christened \"Emilie\", she was called \"Lily\", because she had a aunt living with her. The aunt was her maternal grandmother's adopted child, Emilie Loew (1878-1954), who wasn't a blood relative, worked as a dressmaker, and never married. Colbert's nickname \"Lily\" came from Jersey-born actress Lillie Langtry. Jeanne Chauchoin and Colbert's grandmother Marie Augustine Loew (1842-1930) were born in the Channel Islands in the British Isles, and they were already fluent English speakers before coming to the U.S., though French was spoken in the family circle. Colbert's brother, Charles Auguste Chauchoin (1898–1971), was also born in Jersey. Jeanne held various occupations. While Georges Chauchoin had lost the sight in his right eye and hadn't settled into a profession, he was a pastry-shop owner in Paris and also worked in banking business but made some inappropriate investments. Marie Loew had already been to the U.S., and Georges' brother-in-law (surname Vedel) was already living in New York City. Marie was willing to help Georges financially but also encouraged him to try his luck in the U.S. After suffering business setbacks, in order to pursue more employment opportunities, her family including Marie and Emilie Loew emigrated into Manhattan in 1906. They lived in a fifth floor walk-up at 53rd Street. Colbert stated that climbing those stairs to the fifth floor every day until 1922 made her legs beautiful. Her parents formally changed her real name to Lily Emilie Chauchoin. Georges Chauchoin worked as a minor official at First National City Bank. She quickly learned English from her grandmother Marie Loew before entering public school and remained fluent in French. Colbert hoped to become a painter since she could grasp a pencil. In 1912 her family was naturalized in the U.S. Jeanne clearly favored her son Charles Chauchoin than her daughter.\nColbert studied at Washington Irving High School having strong art program, where her speech teacher, Alice Rossetter, encouraged her to audition for a play Rossetter had written. In 1919, Colbert made her stage debut at the Province town Playhouse in The Widow's Veil at the age of 15. However, Colbert’s interest in the arts was still towards painting.\nIntending to become a fashion designer, she attended the Art Students League of New York, where she paid for her art education by working as a dress shop employee. After attending a party with the writer Anne Morrison, Colbert was offered a bit part in Morrison's play and appeared on the Broadway stage in a small role in The Wild Westcotts (1923). Influenced by her father's middle name Claude, she had been using the name Claudette instead of her first name Lily since high school, and for her stage name she added her maternal grandmother's maiden name Colbert. She formally changed her real name to Lily Claudette Chauchoin. Her father Georges died in 1925 and her grandmother Marie Loew died in New York in 1930.\nAfter signing a five-year contract with the producer Al Woods, Colbert played ingenue roles on Broadway from 1925 through 1929. During this periods, she disliked being typecast as French maid. Colbert later said, \"In the very beginning, they wanted to give me French roles … That’s why I used to say my name Col-bert just as it is spelled instead of Col-baire. I did not want to be typed as ‘that French girl’\". She received critical acclaim on Broadway in the production of The Barker (1927) as a carnival snake charmer. She reprised this role for the play's run in London's West End. Colbert was noticed by the theatrical producer Leland Hayward, who suggested her for heroine role in a silent film For the Love of Mike (1927), now believed to be lost. The film didn't fare well at the box office.\nIn 1928 Colbert signed a contract with Paramount Pictures, who were looking for stage actors who could handle dialog in the new \"talkies\" medium. Colbert's skill as speaker was one of her best assets. At first, Colbert didn't like film acting. During production of the 1929 film, The Lady Lies, she was appearing nightly in the play See Naples and Die. Her earliest films were produced in New York. In 1930 she starred opposite Maurice Chevalier in The Big Pond, which was filmed in both English and French. She co-starred withFredric March in Manslaughter (1930), which was critically acclaimed for her acting as a vehicular manslaughter. She was paired with March in four productions, including Honor Among Lovers (1931) with Ginger Rogers. While these films were box office successes, she also starred in Mysterious Mr. Parkes (1931), which was a French-language version of Slightly Scarlet for the European market, although it was also screened in the United States. She sang opposite Maurice Chevalier in the Ernst Lubitsch musical The Smiling Lieutenant (1931), which was a box office success and critically acclaimed for her ability to shrewdly play a character role opposite Miriam Hopkins. Also her musical voice was featured in the 1933 film Torch Singer, which co-starring Ricardo Cortez and David Manners.\nColbert landed her famous role as a femme fatale in Cecil B. DeMille's films where she wore fetishistic costumes which lose layer after layer of clothing. In the 1932 historical epic, The Sign of the Cross, she starred opposite Fredric March as the Roman empress Poppaea. For an instant, glimpses of her bare breasts and nipples were visible in a scene where her character was bathing in asses' milk, a scene that came to be regarded as an example of Hollywood decadence prior to the enforcement of the Production Code. In 1933, Colbert renegotiated her contract with Paramount to allow her to appear in films for other studios. In Cleopatra (1934), she played the title role opposite Warren William and Henry Wilcoxon. Thereafter, Colbert did not wish to be portrayed as overtly sexual and later refused such roles.\nColbert was reluctant to appear as the \"runaway heiress,\" Ellie Andrews, in the Frank Capra romantic comedy, It Happened One Night (1934), oppositeClark Gable and released by Columbia Pictures. Running behind schedule after several actresses had refused the role, the studio accepted Colbert's demand that she be paid $50,000 and that filming was to be completed within four weeks to allow her to take a planned vacation. Through the filming, Colbert felt that the script was weak, and Capra claimed Colbert \"had many little tantrums, motivated by her antipathy toward me;\" however, \"she was wonderful in the part.\" After filming was completed, Colbert complained to her friend, \"I just finished the worst picture in the world.\" Capra fretted that the film was released to indifferent reviews and initially only did so-so business. Then after it was released to secondary movie houses, word-of-mouth began to spread and ticket sales became brisk. It turned out to be a major hit, easily Columbia's biggest hit to the 1980s. The film contained at least one scene that is often cited as representative of the screwball film genre and which became well known, being a resounding box-office success. In 1935, after her Academy Award nomination, Colbert decided not to attend the presentation, feeling confident that she would not win the award and instead, planned to take a cross-country railroad trip. After she was named the winner, studio chief Harry Cohn sent someone to \"drag her off\" the train, which had not yet left the station, and take her to the ceremony. Colbert arrived wearing a two-piece traveling suit which she had the Paramount Pictures costume designer, Travis Banton, make for her trip.\nWidespread recognition\nColbert's success allowed her to renegotiate her contract, raising her salary. In 1935 and 1936, she was listed in the annual \"Quigley Poll of the Top Ten Money Making Stars\", which was compiled from the votes of movie exhibitors throughout the U.S. for the stars who had generated the most revenue in their theaters over the previous year. Then she received an Academy Award nomination for her role in the hospital drama, Private Worlds (1935).\nIn 1936, Colbert signed a new contract with Paramount Pictures, and this contract made her Hollywood's highest paid actress. This was followed by a contract renewal in 1938, after which she was reported to be the best-paid star in Hollywood with a salary of $426,924. At the peak of her popularity in the late 1930s, Colbert earned $150,000 a film. Colbert spent the rest of the 1930s deftly alternating between romantic comedies and dramas, and found success in both: She Married Her Boss (1935), with Melvyn Douglas; The Gilded Lily (1935) and The Bride Comes Home (1935), both with Fred MacMurray; Under Two Flags (1936), with Ronald Colman; Zaza (1939), with Herbert Marshall; Midnight (1939), with Don Ameche; It's a Wonderful World (1939), withJames Stewart.\nIn addition to Lubitsch, DeMille and Capra, Colbert was working with the top directors in the industry: Dorothy Arzner, Preston Sturges, Frank Lloyd, John M. Stahl, Wesley Ruggles, Gregory La Cava, George Cukor, Mitchell Leisen, and John Ford.\nColbert was a stickler for regarding the way she appeared on screen. She believed that her face was difficult to light and photograph, and she was obsessed with not showing right side of her face, to the camera, because of a small bump that resulted from a childhood broken nose. She refused to be filmed from right side of her face, and it often necessitated redesigning movie sets.Film technicians described the right side of her face as \"the dark side of the moon.\" During the filming of Tovarich in 1937, when one of her favored cameramen was dismissed by the director,Anatole Litvak. After seeing the rushes filmed by the replacement, Colbert refused to continue. She insisted on hiring her own cameraman, and offered to waive her salary if the film went over budget as a result. Gary Cooper was terrified at the prospect of working with Colbert in his first comedy, Bluebeard's Eighth Wife (1938), because he considered Colbert to be an expert in the genre. She learned about lighting and cinematography, and refused to begin filming until she was satisfied that she would be shown to her best advantage. Colbert knew more about lighting than the experts did. Drums Along the Mohawk (1939) with Henry Fonda was Colbert's first color film. However, she distrusted the relatively new Technicolor process and feared that she would not photograph well, preferring thereafter to be filmed in black and white.\nDuring this time she began appearing for CBS' popular radio program Lux Radio Theater, making 22 episodes between 1935 and 1954. She also appeared for another radio program The Screen Guild Theater, making 13 episodes between 1939 and 1952.\nIn 1940, Colbert refused a seven-year contract that would have paid her $200,000 a year, as she had found that she could command a fee of $150,000 per film as a freelance artist. With her manager, Colbert was able to secure roles in prestigious films, and this period marked the height of her earning ability. Colbert once said that Arise, My Love (1940) was her favorite film of her own.\nDuring filming of So Proudly We Hail! (1943), a rift occurred between Colbert and co-star Paulette Goddard. Asked which of her costars she preferred, Goddard had replied, \"Veronica, I think,\" referring to Veronica Lake. Goddard further commented that Colbert \"flipped\" and \"was at Paulette's eyes at every moment,\" and said that they continued their feud throughout the duration of filming. Colbert usually had her particular tough standards of professionalism on the filming. Impressed by Colbert's role in So Proudly We Hail!, David O. Selznick approached her to play the lead role in Since You Went Away (1944). She was initially reluctant to appear as mother of teenaged children, but Selznick awared of her sensitivity. Released in June 1944, the film became a substantial success and grossed almost $5 million in the United States. The critic James Agee praised aspects of the film, but particularly Colbert's work. As a result, she received Academy Award nomination for Best Actress.\nAfter World War II\nIn 1945, Colbert ended her association with Paramount Studios, and continued to free-lance in such films as Guest Wife (1945), with Don Ameche. She starred opposite John Wayne in the RKO Studios film Without Reservations (1946), with a storyline and setting intentionally inspired by It Happened One Night. Without Reservations grossed $3 million in the U.S., and the overall popularity of Colbert's films during 1946 led to her making third appearance in the \"Quigley Poll of the Top Ten Money Making Stars\". While working on Without Reservations (1946), director Mervyn Leroy referred to Colbert as an interesting lady to work with, recalling her habit of not watching where she was going and constantly bumping into things. Praised for her sense of style and awareness of fashion, Colbert ensured throughout her career that she was impeccably groomed and costumed. For the 1946 melodrama, Tomorrow is Forever (1946), Jean Louis was hired to create eighteen changes of wardrobe for her.\nShe achieved great success opposite Fred MacMurray in the comedy The Egg and I (1947). The film was one of the year's biggest hits, and was later acknowledged as the 12th most profitable American film of the 1940s. The suspense film Sleep, My Love (1948) with Robert Cummings, was also a commercial success. The romantic comedy Bride for Sale (1949), in which Colbert was part of a love triangle that included George Brent and Robert Young, was well reviewed and modestly commercial success. The Pacific war film Three Came Home (1950) was praised for her acting by the critics. However, The Secret Fury (1950), distributed by RKO Studios, was a mystery melodrama that received negative reviews. During this periods, Colbert was unable to work beyond 5 p.m. each day, due to doctor's orders. While Colbert still looked like a young woman, she found it difficult to make the transition to playing more mature characters as she approached middle-age. Colbert once said, \"I'm a very good comedienne, but I was always fighting that image, too\".\nIn 1949 she was originally cast in All About Eve, because producer Joseph L. Mankiewicz was enthusiastic about Colbert feeling that she best represented the style he envisioned for the part. Colbert severely injured her back and led her to abandon the picture shortly before filming began. In later life, Colbert said, \"I just never had the luck to play bitches.\"\nFor tax reason, Colbert traveled to Europe, making fewer films in the early 1950s. She appeared in Royal Affairs in Versailles with Orson Welles, only one film she acted for French director, however Colbert had a supporting role rather than top billing in the film. This film was screened in the United States in 1957.\nIn 1954 Colbert turned down a million-dollar broadcast deal with NBC-TV, but made pact with CBS-TV to star in several teleplays. After a successful appearance in a television version of The Royal Family, she began acting in various televison programs. From 1954 to 1960, she starred in thetelevision adaptations of Blithe Spirit in 1956 and The Bells of St. Mary's in 1959. She also guest starred on Robert Montgomery Presents, Playhouse 90, and Zane Grey Theater.\nIn 1958, she went back to Broadway in 1958 doing The Marriage-Go-Round, for which she was nominated for a Best Actress Tony Award.\nShe made a brief return to the screen in Parrish (1961), playing the supporting role of mother, which received little attention from the press. After that, Colbert instructed her agent to stop his attempts to generate interest in her as a film actress, because there have been no offers.\nHer occasional successful acting ventures were appearances on Broadway in The Irregular Verb to Love (1963); The Kingfisher (1978) in which she co-starred with Rex Harrison, and Frederick Lonsdale's Aren't We All? (1985) also with Rex Harrison.\nIn 1987, Colbert appeared in a supporting role in the television miniseries The Two Mrs. Grenvilles. The production was a ratings success. Colbert won aGolden Globe and received a nomination for an Emmy Award.\nModern critic pointed out that Colbert had a mixture of unique physical assets (her round apple-face, big eyes, curly light hair, slender stooping body), elegant voice, aristocratic manner, sleek acting, a tongue-in-cheek vivacity, witty senses of humor and ladylike alluring charm, that distinguishes her from the other screwball comediennes of the 1930s such as Jean Arthur and Irene Dunne. In her comedy films, she invariably played shrewd and self-reliant women, but unlike many of her contemporaries, Colbert rarely engaged in physical comedy. Her characters were more likely to be observers and commentators.\nIn 1928, Colbert married Norman Foster, an actor and director, who co-starred with her in the Broadway show The Barker, and in the 1930 film Young Man of Manhattan which received negative reviews as one of her weakest leading men. Their marriage remained a secret for many years while living in separate homes. In Los Angeles, Colbert shared her home with her mother Jeanne Chauchoin, but her domineering mother disliked Foster and did not allow him into their home. Colbert and Foster divorced in 1935 in Mexico.\nFour months after her divorce, Colbert married Joel Pressman, a surgeon at UCLA, a throat specialist. The marriage lasted 33 years, until his death of liver cancer in 1968. She gave theBeechcraft Bonanza single-engine plane to Pressman as a present. They purchased a ranch in Northern California, where her husband kept show cattle. During this periods, Colbert drove Lincoln Continental and Ford Thunderbird.\nJeanne Chauchoin envied her daughter's talent of art/acting, and never gave the recognition of Colbert's success. Jeanne let Colbert's brother Charles serve as Colbert's agent. Colbert spent many years of her life getting Jeanne's approval. Charles used the surname Wendling which was borrowed from Rose Wendling who was Jeanne's paternal grandmother. He served as Colbert's business manager for a time, and was credited with negotiating some of her more lucrative contracts in the late 1930s and early 1940s. Colbert was generally respected for her professionalism, with the New York Times stating that she was known for giving \"110 percent\" to any project she worked on. Hedda Hopper wrote that Colbert placed her career \"ahead of everything save possibly her marriage\", with a strong sense of what was best for her, and a \"deep rooted desire to be in shape, efficient and under control\". The writer A. Scott Berg described Colbert had \"helped define femininity for her generation with her chic manner.\" Colbert once said, \"I’ve been in the Claudette Colbert business a long time.\"\nIn 1954 her aunt Emilie Loew died in the U.S. Virtually retiring from motion picture industry since mid 1950s, she was still financially solvent enough. Despite having a country house in Palm Springs for staying on weekends, she rented a cottage in Cap Ferrat, southeastern France. Adman said, \"Claudette was extravagant, I never, ever saw her question the price of anything.\" In 1963, Colbert sold her residence located in Holmby Hills (western Los Angeles), so Joel Pressman rented a small house in Beverly Hills.\nIn 1958 she met Verna Hull, a wealthy painter/photographer and the stepdaughter of a Sears Roebuck heiress. They had nine-year friendship and painted together, went for a drive together, traveled together and even rented twin penthouses back in New York. They had a mutual interest in art. When Colbert bought a house in Barbados in early 1960s, Hull also bought a modest house next door.\nFor years, Colbert divided her time between her apartment in Manhattan and her vacation home in Speightstown, Barbados. The latter purchased from British gentleman was the island’s only plantation house fronting the beach. Its summer house was called \"Bellerive\" as nickname. However, her permanent address remained Manhattan. Later in life, she was also a staunchRepublican and natural conservative.\nColbert's mother Jeanne died in 1970 and her brother Charles died in 1971, so her only surviving relative was a niece, Coco Lewis, Charles' daughter.\nFollowing a series of small strokes during the last three years of her life, Colbert died in 1996 at her second home in Barbados, where she was employing one housekeeper and two cooks at that time. Colbert’s body was shipped to New York for cremation. A requiem mass was held at St. Vincent Ferrer church in New York City later. Her ashes were buried in the Parish of St. Peter Cemetery, Barbados, along with her mother and second husband.\nThe childless Colbert left most of her estate, estimated at $3.5 million and also including her Manhattan apartment and another home Bellerive, to a long-time friend, Helen O'Hagan, a retired director of corporate relations at Saks Fifth Avenue, whom Colbert had met in 1961 on the set of the her last film and became best friend from circa 1970. Though O'Hagan was financially comfortable without the generous bequest, Bellerive was sold at over $2 million to a midwestern U.S. couple. Her remaining assets were distributed between three heirs: $150,000 to her niece Coco Lewis; a trust worth more than $100,000 to UCLA for Pressman’s memory; and $75,000 to Marie Corbin, Colbert's Barbadian housekeeper.\nHollywood Players\nShow Count: 3\nBroadcast History:\nSponsor: Cresta Blanca\nCast: Bette Davis, John Garfield, Gregory Peck, Claudette Colbert , Joan Fontaine, Paulette Goddard\nAlan Marshall, William Gargan, Claudette Colbert\nBroadcast: 1st February 1940\nStarring: Hanley Stafford, Fanny Brice, Claudette Colbert , William Gargan, Edward Arnold, Meredith Willson, Alan Marshall, Connie Boswell\nAlice Adams\nBroadcast: 3rd January 1938\nStarring: Claudette Colbert\nArcher (Ancestor)\nBroadcast: 13th April 1943\nStarring: Arch Oboler, Claudette Colbert\nAwful Truth, The\nBroadcast: 11th September 1939\nStarring: Claudette Colbert , Cary Grant\nAdded: Aug 26 2006\nBarker, The\nBroadcast: 20th July 1936\nClaudette Colbert & Bob Burns & Tommy Dorsey\nBroadcast: November 7, 1944\nStarring: Claudette Colbert , Verna Felton, Jimmy Durante, Tommy Dorsey, Igor Gorin, Bob Burns, Ken Carpenter, Victor Young, Bonnie Lou Williams, Corina Mura, Corrina Mura\nEgg and I, The\nBroadcast: January 5, 1950\nStarring: Claudette Colbert , Frank Nelson, James Hilton, Frank Goss, Betty Macdonald\nGreat Lakes Naval Training Center\nBroadcast: 5th May 1942\nStarring: Bob Hope, Frances Langford, Claudette Colbert\nAdded: Apr 26 2007\nBroadcast: 20th March 1939\nStarring: Clark Gable, Claudette Colbert , Walter Connolly, Roscoe Karns\nLady With The Lamp, The\nBroadcast: September 27, 1950\nStarring: Francis X Bushman, Claudette Colbert , Jane Wyatt, Robert Ryan, Dan O'Herlihy, Irene Tedrow, Herbert Rawlinson, Tudor Owen\nMagnificent Obsession\nBroadcast: 13th November 1944\nStarring: Don Ameche, Claudette Colbert\nAdded: Nov 15 2008\nBroadcast: 20th May 1940\nStarring: Cecil B DeMille, Gale Gordon, Don Ameche, Claudette Colbert , Rosemary DeCamp, Lou Merrill, John Lake, Rolfe Sedan, Victor Rodman, Fred MacKaye, Ted Bliss\nMovietime USA\nStarring: Bing Crosby, Gary Cooper, Gene Kelly, Claudette Colbert , Donna Reed, John Wayne, Robert Ryan, Jane Wyman, Dan Dailey, Wendell Corey, Forrest Tucker, Joann Drew, Ann Blythe, Leslie Caron, John Derek, Vera Ralston, Mary Alden\nNight Elevator\nBroadcast: 6th April 1949\nStarring: John Dehner, Claudette Colbert , Virginia Gregg, Jimmy Gleason, Jack Kruschen, William Lally, Nancy Olson\nOnce Upon A Honeymoon\nStarring: Brian Aherne, Claudette Colbert\nPalm Beach Story, The\nBroadcast: 29th October 1944\nStarring: Robert Young, Claudette Colbert\nPractically Yours\nBroadcast: August 27, 1945\nStarring: Claudette Colbert , Ray Milland, Peggy Webber, Charles Seel, Fred MacKaye, Herbert Rawlinson, Stanley Farrar, Janet Scott, Griff Barnett, Earl Keen, Sanford Barnett, Charlie Forsyth, Louis Silvers, Ed Emerson, Ramsay Hill, Arthur Q Bryan, Boyd Davis, Franklyn Parker, Bill Martel, John Cromwell, Norman Krasna\nRemember The Day\nBroadcast: May 18, 1942\nStarring: Elliott Lewis, Gale Gordon, Claudette Colbert , Gayne Whitman, Erik Rolf, Louise Erickson, Herb Vigran, Tommy Cook, Robert Armbruster, Homer Fickett, Bud Hiestand, Jack Mather, Conrad Binyon, Janet Beecher, George Barraud\nShop Around The Corner, The\nBroadcast: June 23, 1941\nStarring: Cecil B DeMille, Don Ameche, Claudette Colbert , Verna Felton, Lou Merrill, Leo Cleary, Fred MacKaye, Felix Bressart, Charles Peck, Melville Ruick, Ferdinand Munier, Sanford Barnett, Louis Silvers, Ann Tobin, George Wells, Arthur Q Bryan, Bruce Payne, Bea Benaderet, Charles Forsyth, Nikolas Laszlo, Jesse Arnold\nSixth Anniversary Special\nStarring: Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Jack Benny, Bob Hope, Claudette Colbert , Dinah Shore, Rita Hayworth, Ronald Colman, Jimmy Durante, Jerry Colonna, Sara Berner, Betty Hutton, Ken Carpenter, Ticker Freeman\nStarring: Brian Aherne, Cecil B DeMille, Claudette Colbert , Wally Maher, Ray Milland, Leo Cleary, Edward Marr , Melville Ruick, Charlie Forsyth, Louis Silvers, Ann Tobin, George Wells, Allan Scott, Thomas Mills, Lux, Torey Carleton, Samuel Raphaelson, Doris Sederholm, Dick Elliott\nSo Proudly We Hail\nBroadcast: 1st November 1943\nStarring: Claudette Colbert , Les Tremayne, Paulette Goddard, Veronica Lake\nStarring: Gale Gordon, Van Heflin, Claudette Colbert , Natalie Wood, Richard Long\nStarring: Basil Rathbone, Jack Benny, Claudette Colbert , Edward Arnold, Ernst Lubitsch","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line916042"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6648078560829163,"wiki_prob":0.6648078560829163,"text":"Christopher Heitmann - owner\nJeff Neuhof - sax, flute\nCheech Iero - drums\nMelanie Perez - piano\nTom Cullen - drums\nDennis Hancock - violin, viola\nAdam Hershberger - brass\nRyan Kelch - guitar\nSteve Montenegro - bass, guitar\nJoseph T. Lally – guitar\nGary Margerum – voice\nGregory Grasty - piano, sax, clarinet\nJoanna Firth\nTony Gairo\nSaxophonist, flutist, clarinetist, and jazz composer Tony Gairo keeps an active calendar of professional performances, engagements, sessions, and shows while maintaining busy teaching studios at Music Forte, Moravian, Muhlenberg, Lafayette and Mercer County Community Colleges. A 22-year member of the Jazz Faculty at Moravian, he has directed Jazz Combo 1 since 1998 and was awarded the T. Edgar Shields Prize for Distinguished Studio Instruction in 2006. He has directed and conducted the Big Band at Muhlenberg since 2009 and is a former Vice President of the Pennsylvania Jazz Collective (2015-18).\nA graduate of Temple University (B.M. Jazz Saxophone Performance), Tony performs with some of the best musicians in the industry including Johnny Mathis, Clay Aiken, the Temptations, the Four Tops, Bob Dorough, and Maria Schneider and has appeared on stage with such luminaries as Phil Woods, Natalie Cole, Al Martino, David “Fathead” Newman, and Bud Shank, among others. Voted the 2004 Jazz Musician of the Year – Lehigh Valley (PA) by Pulseweekly Magazine, he has composed more than 120 works for Jazz Orchestra including The Real Book of Gig (2012), a jazz opera, Collaboration (2007), a jazz ballet, The Never-Ending Saga of Elli and Griff (2013), a jazz suite featuring Phil Woods, and an album, Treacherous (2005), on Sea Breeze Jazz Records which was nominated for a Grammy nomination. Mr. Gairo is an alumnus of the prestigious BMI Jazz Composer’s Workshop in New York City (2001-2006) where several of his compositions for Big Band were premiered. He conducted the BMI (NY) Jazz Composer’s Orchestra in concert at Merkin Hall, New York in 2003, 2004, and 2005.\nWhether as sideman or leader, Tony gig several nights a week and records in disparate musical settings throughout the Northeast Corridor, primarily in the Lehigh Valley of PA, the Greater Philadelphia region, and Princeton NJ with such ensembles as the Franklin Alison Orchestra, the Rob Stoneback Big Band, Band From Mars (a David Bowie Tribute), the Hoppin’ John Orchestra, Swing Easy, Philadelphia Funk Authority, Marah, duos with pianist/vocalist Lou Lanza and guitarist Jason Wolbach, and his own Cross Current Big Band whose book is comprised entirely of his works for Jazz Orchestra. Tony leads various jazz trios, quartets, and quintets including the Hot 3. He is immensely grateful to have had the good fortune and resilience to have made a career of music and absolutely loves what he does for a living.\nMonday-Thursday 12:00pm - 8:00pm\n© 2019 Music Forte. All rights reserved,\nGET UPDATES & SPECIAL OFFERS\n8919 New Falls Road\nLevittown, PA 19054","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line862881"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.942887544631958,"wiki_prob":0.942887544631958,"text":"Christopher Tolkien, Gil-Estel, Has Retired From Tolkien Estate\nI amar prestar aen, han mathon ne nen, han mathon ne chae a han noston ned ‘wilith.\nIt is a busy time in the world of Tolkien. Fresh off the announcement that Amazon will produce a new series based on The Lord of the Rings, a perhaps more significant change has occurred. According to theOneRing.net Christopher Tolkien, for decades the editor of his father’s work and arbiter of the Tolkien legacy, has stepped down from his role at the head of the Tolkien Estate. While not a shock to some, thanks to his statement in the preface of Beren and Lúthien that “this is (preemptively) my last book in the long series of editions of my father’s writings,” it still feels like the end of an era.\nThere From The Start\nConsidered the undisputed chief scholar of Tolkien, Christopher has been a part of the creation of Arda since he was a child. As a young boy, he was told the tales of Bilbo Baggins that, after his incessant demand for consistency force his father to write the stories down, became The Hobbit. He served as a sounding board for The Lord of the Rings and, when he was 25, became a member of the Inklings, the Oxford University literary society that also included C.S Lewis, Nevill Coghill, and Charles Williams. And those famous maps of Middle Earth adorning walls, book covers, and body parts? All drawn by “C.J.R.T” a.k.a Christopher John Reuel Tolkien.\nEditor and Guiding Hand\nBut it was his contribution to Tolkien’s lifelong project and arguably magnum opus The Silmarillion that truly ensured Christopher’s importance within his father’s legacy. Gathering up over fifty years of notes, scribbles, and drafts that his father had made over the years, Christopher set out to edit it together into what he hoped would be close to his father’s vision. With character names changing from paragraph to paragraph and an entire legendarium to try to distill into a narrative, it was no easy task. Thanks to editorial decisions that have proved controversial, even ones that he himself later debated, he was able to put the pieces together and release The Silmarillion in 1977, four years after it’s author’s passing.\nHe followed it up with his edited collections of his father’s writing, Unfinished Tales and The History of Middle Earth-the molten metal from which The Silmarillion was cast. For the first time, fans could see characters like Sauron, Gandalf, and Elrond develop over time. He also released, in the new millennium, more compact and edited works from his father like The Children of Húrin and the aforementioned Beren and Lúthien. He has also helped release some of J.R.R Tolkien’s non-LOTR work like Beowulf, The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún, and The Fall of Arthur.\nCritic and Fierce Protector\nIn recent years, he has become known for his tight grip on his father’s legacy in the aftermath of an explosion of interest thanks to the Peter Jackson film trilogy of the Lord of the Rings. When said trilogy was announced, his opinion was that the films would lose the “essence” of the film. In a 2012 interview, he further declared the films to have “gutted” the book, calling them “making an action film for 15 to 25-year-olds.” His views on Jackson’s The Hobbit films was seemingly even lower, raising legal objections with New Line and in the aftermath declaring that The Silmarillion would not be touched for “a very long time.”\nWhat This All Could Mean\nThe biggest question is all this? Whether the Amazon deal is a direct result of Christopher giving up the reins. The estate still counts among its members Christopher’s younger sister Priscilla Tolkien as well as multiple Tolkien grandchildren. But Christopher was always the chief arbiter and, with his orthodox control gone, will the Amazon deal be the first of many? The Tolkien legendarium is ripe for the very cinematic universes that Hollywood is currently desperate for. For better or worse, the new management may seem more amenable to adaptations and expansions than Christopher ever was.\nAs it is, it’s important for fans to thank Mr. Tolkien for his service to his father’s legacy and we all wish him a very happy retirement.\nNai tiruvantel ar varyuvantel i Valar tielyanna nu vilya.\nImage courtesy of New Line Cinema\nIn this article:Amazon,books,Featured,News,the hobbit,the lord of the rings,the silmarillion\nD&D Gift Set Brings New Book, Streamlined Rules That Put Story First\nNew year, new D&D. Well, not really. After many months of fear and loathing amongst the tabletops of the world, the release of the...\nProspero Hall Reveals Details of Upcoming ‘Jurassic World: The Legacy of Isla Nublar’ Legacy Game\n“Life finds a way,” and so does the passionate team at Prospero Hall, the acclaimed development studio of Funko Games, who has created a...\nDan ArndtDecember 7, 2021\nCult X-Team X-Statix Returns With Original Creative Team In X-Cellent #1\nIt’s finally here! This February, writer Peter Milligan, artist Michael Allred, and color artist Laura Allred make their long-awaited return to their iconic X-Statix...\nGen Con Report: Five Faves From the Floor\nIn my last big report from GenCon, I wanted to spotlight some of the games I got to look at while out on the...\nDan ArndtSeptember 29, 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1319367"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8464527130126953,"wiki_prob":0.8464527130126953,"text":"Smartphone device saving lives\nStory Factory tells a strong tale\nNew gift to help pharmacists build integrity in their practice\nHistoric partnership to be sealed at Westmead\nHome / News & opinion / News / September / Historic partnership to be sealed at Westmead\nThe brightest minds will be brought together as part of a historic partnership agreement between the University of Sydney and Westmead precinct partners announced earlier today.\nThe partnership includes an initial commitment by the University of Sydney to contribute over $60 million of funding for new education facilities, upgrades to existing spaces, and a suite of new academic programs and initiatives, in addition to its existing staffing contribution of $35 million per year at Westmead.\nThis increased contribution to the partnership will help ensure that clinicians, students and researchers at Westmead Hospital, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead Institute for Medical Research and the Children’s Medical Research Institute will be able to continue to meet the needs of the expanding population and increasing health needs of Western Sydney, New South Wales and beyond.\nThe new facilities and programs will support the expanded expertise and educational opportunities available on the precinct in areas like data sciences, engineering, physics, business management, the social sciences and others.\nNSW Health Minister, the Hon Jillian Skinner was present at the announcement and welcomed the partnership agreement.\n“I congratulate the University of Sydney and all the Westmead precinct partners on this great partnership. Students all across Westmead – who are our clinicians and researchers of the future - will enjoy the contemporary, flexible technology-enabled teaching, learning and working spaces that are being built as part of this partnership,” Jillian Skinner said.\nThe University of Sydney investment includes capital funding for:\n5,000m2 across two floors of the Westmead Redevelopment’s new acute services building, to become the central location of the University of Sydney’s Westmead Campus\nan upgrade and expansion of the current Westmead Education and Conference Centre, within Westmead Hospital, to provide innovative and versatile learning environments\nrefurbishment of student facilities, to improve the student experience at Westmead\na new simulation ward, which provides facilities for educating students in nursing, medicine and allied health, and training staff at Westmead Hospital and The Children’s Hospital at Westmead.\nThe University spaces will also be available for use by other precinct partners, giving them access to contemporary education facilities that are not currently available at Westmead.\nThe University is also working with the Westmead precinct partners to develop the proposal for the Westmead Innovation Centre. The Innovation Centre will be collecting and generating ideas and new solutions from patients, clinicians, researchers and other innovators and will be fostering a culture of innovation and knowledge sharing.\n“This is such an important part of the University’s work in Western Sydney. A key focus of the next era of strategic growth for the University of Sydney will be in – and for – Western Sydney, and this is the early phase of what we anticipate will be a $500m investment over the next 15 years. Importantly, this investment will help us build on the University’s areas of strength with its partners at Westmead,” University of Sydney Vice-Chancellor Dr Michael Spence said.\nWelcoming the investment and the University’s role in helping address the healthcare challenges of the future, WSLHD Chief Executive Danny O’Connor said “Westmead Hospital and the University of Sydney have had a long standing partnership, dating back to the official opening of the Hospital, in 1978. This expanded commitment from the University means a greater opportunity to collect and generate ideas and new solutions from students in different disciplines as well as clinicians, researchers, patients and other innovators.”\n“Co-locating the education and research activity with the clinical services space means Westmead will extend the quality of its education and research capability for the benefit of our patients and families in Western Sydney and beyond,” said Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network Chief Executive Dr Michael Brydon.\nThe strength of the precinct partnerships has helped deliver on Westmead’s strong track record as a successful innovator in the delivery of healthcare, research and education and helped attract a talent pool that is now the largest concentration of biomedical, scientific and healthcare focused minds in Australia.\nThe investment is just one part of the $3.4 billion earmarked by government, universities and the private sector for investment at Westmead over the next decade, including new commercial and residential facilities and development of the Parramatta Light Rail.\nOur Westmead facilities\nVerity Leatherdale\nManager, Faculty Media and PR\nverity.leatherdale@sydney.edu.au\nLevel 7 Jane Foss Russell Building G02","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1749945"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7945143580436707,"wiki_prob":0.7945143580436707,"text":"Xenoblade Chronicles 2 Sells Over 17 Million Copies Around World\nXenoblade Chronicles 2 Sells Over 1.7 Million Copies Around The World\nBy: Joseph Allen\nIt's an auspicious day for Monolith Soft and JRPGs. Xenoblade Chronicles 2 has sold more than 1.7 million copies worldwide. This figure makes it the best-selling game in the Xenoblade series as well as Monolith Soft's best-selling game in the West overall.\nMonolith Soft's executive director Tetsuya Takahashi revealed the sales figures in an interview with Japanese gaming website 4gamer. Takahashi says this is encouraging and that the environment is getting better for JRPGs in the West. Back in September last year, Takahashi told US Gamer that Xenoblade Chronicles 2 had exceeded his sales expectations and that he hadn't expected so many people to buy it in North America and Europe.\nWe don't yet know what this might mean for the future of Xenoblade. In May 2018, Monolith Soft opened a new studio in Iidabashi in Tokyo. Also, in October, Monolith sent out notices for staff to work on two new unannounced projects. Global market researcher Stealth believes that the two games are likely to be a new IP and the next Xeno game respectively. The strong performance of Xenoblade Chronicles 2 will no doubt be encouraging to the studio as they work on these projects. We're also holding out hope for a port of the severely underrated Xenoblade Chronicles X.\nXenoblade Chronicles 2 is the third game in the Xenoblade Chronicles series and the seventh in the Xeno meta-series. It follows Rex, a Driver who is searching for the fabled World Tree. Rex gets caught in a faction war and must evade his pursuers while trying to reach the World Tree. Like the previous two Xenoblade Chronicles games, Xenoblade Chronicles 2 is an open-world action RPG with an emphasis on exploration, combat, and questing. It's available to buy now on Nintendo Switch along with its standalone expansion, Torna: The Golden Country. You can buy a physical version of Torna: The Golden Country which doesn't require Xenoblade Chronicles 2 to play. We'd still recommend you check out Rex's adventure though.\nDid you play Xenoblade Chronicles 2? Will you be checking it out soon? Let us know in the comments below!\nDark Souls changed my life, and I'm here to spread the good news. I like pretty much all sorts of games, but I judge everything by its proximity to our Lord and saviour, Dark Souls.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1551771"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.683831512928009,"wiki_prob":0.31616848707199097,"text":"Hendrik Andriessen (1892-1981)\nNationality: Dutch\nBorn: September 17, 1892, Haarlem Died: April 12, 1981, Haarlem (age 88)\nPage 1 of 2 | | | |\nAll (24) Brass Quintet (1) Cello Sonata (1) Clarinet Sonata (1) Clarinet Trio (1) Duo (10) Flute Sonata (1) Piano Trio (2) Quartet (4) Quintet (4) Sextet (1) String Duo (1) String Quartet (3) Trio (5) Viola Sonata (1) Violin Sonata (1) Wind Quintet (1)\nPiano Trio No. 2\nViola Sonata\nViolin Sonata\nCello Sonata\nThree Inventions (for violin and cello)\nSuite for Brass Quintet (for 2 trumpets, horn and 2 trombones)\nQuartetto in stile antico for String Quartet\nIl pensiero for String Quartet\nL'indifférent for String Quartet\nAdagio for Clarinet Trio (for clarinet, viola and piano)\nFlute Sonata\nChoral varié (for 3 trumpets and 3 trombones)\nDivertimento a cinque (for flute, oboe, violin, viola and cello)\nClarinet Sonata\nVariations on a Theme by Haydn (for oboe and piano)\nCanary (for recorder, cello and harpsichord)\n3 Pezzi (for flute and harp)\nConcert spirituel (for flute, oboe, violin and cello)\n1900 2000 WWI WWII Hendrik Andriessen (1892-1981) Jurriaan Andriessen (1925-1996) Louis Andriessen (1939-2021)\nLouis Andriessen (1939-2021)\nBorn: June 6, 1939, Utrecht Died: July 21, 2021 (age 82)\nJurriaan Andriessen (1925-1996)\nBorn: November 15, 1925, Haarlem Died: August 23, 1996, The Hague (age 70)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1482832"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8190602660179138,"wiki_prob":0.8190602660179138,"text":"HomeEntertainmentWBCP Plans 'Friends' Pop-Up Shop\nWBCP Plans 'Friends' Pop-Up Shop\nWarner Bros. Television Group is celebrating the 20th anniversary of the series premiere of \"Friends\" with a Central Perk pop-up shop and product program.\nWarner Bros. Television Group, Warner Bros. Consumer Products and Eight O’Clock Coffee have teamed up to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the series premiere of \"Friends\" with a Central Perk pop-up shop and product program.\nA pop-up replica of Central Perk, the neighborhood coffee shop frequented by the characters on the sitcom, will open in Manhattan’s SoHo neighborhood Sept. 17.\nThe shop will serve free cups of Eight O’ Clock coffee, including the limited edition Central Perk Roast specially created for the occasion.\nThe fully functioning pop-up coffee bar will remain open through Oct. 18 and will also feature signature props from the show including Central Perk’s iconic orange couch and a range of in-store promotions.\nOther highlights of the Central Perk pop-up shop will include:\nSpecial appearances by actor James Michael Tyler who played deadpan barista Gunther on the show;\nPhoto opportunities on a re-created Central Perk set;\nWeekly in-store performances akin to Phoebe’s improvised songs;\nFriends-themed merchandise including Eight O’Clock Coffee’s Central Perk Roast and other bagged coffee varieties; and\nSpecial activities and giveaways on Sept. 29, National Coffee Day.\nThe limited edition Central Perk Roast coffee will also be available at grocery and mass merchandise stores across the U.S.\nTAGS: Corporate Brands Food & Beverage Entertainment Live Events Streaming and TV Warner Bros. Consumer Products Central Perk Friends Warner Bros. Television Group Eight O’Clock Coffee","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line883062"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5058977603912354,"wiki_prob":0.49410223960876465,"text":"What If March Madness Was Formatted Like the World Cup?\nPosted on July 10, 2018 by Shane McNichol\nMarch Madness is the most chaotic sporting event on the calendar each year. The unpredictability of the tournament makes for exciting viewing, but it means the result is often less than perfect. With top teams able to be bounced from contention with a cold shooting night or buzzer-beating defeat, the best team doesn’t always win it all, with hot teams, rather than the best, reaching the Final Four.\nThe World Cup format provides a buffer zone for the best teams by beginning with group play. There’s still a chance for upset wins or shocking results, yet a true Cinderella needs to sustain their level of play for more than just one game. This year, the soccer world was abuzz as Germany failed to reach the knockout round for the first time EVER. All the Germans needed was a draw versus a solid, but pedestrian South Korea side and they couldn’t manage even that. My Soccer Friend Dennis (everyone has a Soccer Friend) compared it to top seed in March losing to an 8 or 9 seed in terms of shock value. That happens all the time, but Germany had two games prior to the Korea loss to earn their way past the group stage. The Germans also lost to Mexico, sealing their fate.\nIf Virginia had two more games to survive after losing to UMBC, the upset would mean far less, but would it have been less exciting? Would Virginia have been able to bounce back and advance?\nThose are the kinds of questions we’re going to try to answer here today, by taking the field of the 2018 NCAA Tournament and imposing the World Cup draw and tournament format.\nFor those unfamiliar, it’s somewhat simple to explain. Teams qualify in their respective regional tournaments, just like college basketball teams in their conferences. FIFA then draws the qualifying countries from a series of pots based on their region. For a basketball example, it would be like picking one team from the ACC, one from the Big XII, one from the Big East, and one from the Pac-12 for each group. That process doesn’t exactly work for college basketball, though. FIFA has only five regions. College basketball has 32 conferences.\nInstead, for our purposes as we try to recreate a World Cup like situation, let’s use the seeds already awarded by the NCAA Selection Committee as our pots. The top 16 seeds make up the first pot, with the next 16 in the second pot, the next 16 in the third, and the bottom 16 in the fourth (with the teams that lost in the First Four in Dayton not invited for numbers sake).\nThis way, each of the top 16 seeds could end up in a group with a team as good as Kentucky or West Virginia, or feel safely paired with a team like Missouri. Why doesn’t top seeded Virginia automatically get placed with the bottom team from the next pot? Because soccer is insane and the randomness makes up for the possibility of human error in the seeding process. If this already bothers you, the rest of this post may not be for you!\nEach group will have a team that was seeded 1-4, 5-8, 9-12, and 13-16. This could potentially lead to what soccer fans call a GROUP OF DEATH, with teams seeded 1, 5, 9, and 13 all playing for two spots to advance. This would be wildly unfair and buckets of fun.\nEach four team group will play a round robin, at the home gym of the top seed. The top two teams in each group advance to the next round, with (gulp) point differential serving as tie breaker. That gets us to 32 teams, which is why we’ll have ANOTHER DRAW (!) to re-group based on first round performance. Those groups will contain two teams who won their First Round group and two that finished second. We round robin again and have our Sweet Sixteen, seeded into a single elimination bracket. If you are the kind of person worried scheduling, here’s what we’re thinking:\nFirst Round: On-campus games either Wednesday-Friday-Sunday or Thursday-Saturday-Monday. Yes, this is even more than the usual tournament weekends. That’s a good thing.\nSecond Round: Same schedule as above, but in regional cities, just like the first two rounds are now.\nKnockout round: Now it’s just the Sweet Sixteen as usual. Four cities, four teams per city. Final Four and National Championship are just as lovely as they are now.\nIf you’re lost, stick with me. It will make sense in action. Oh, and we aren’t making any special rules about teams from the same conference being in the same group. Let’s get nuts.\nFirst reactions to this draw:\nGROUP OF DEATH ALERT: Remember how UMBC and Loyola-Chicago were the darlings of March and thrilled fans across the nation? They are stuck not only in the same group, but in a group with North Carolina and Kentucky! Only two of those teams will even advance to our second draw. While that may be less fun in a basketball sense, that draw result is already 400 million times more exciting than whatever the hell happened with Greg Gumbel and Ernie Johnson this year.\nGroup 4 look familiar? Three of those teams were in the same pod of the NCAA Tournament, playing in Pittsburgh. Radford lost to Villanova, Alabama beat Virginia Tech and Villanova beat the Tide to reach the Sweet Sixteen. Those three teams breathe a sigh of relief drawing Xavier here instead.\nMarquee games are everywhere. For those of you thinking this first round lost meaning with this format, can I interest you in some of the games that will happen here? Carolina-Kentucky, Michigan-West Virginia, and Ohio State-Duke (at Cameron) are worth the price of admission, with fun stylistic and rivarly situations happening in Kansas-Butler, Xavier-Alabama, Purdue-Creighton, Cincinnati-Miami, Tennessee-Florida, Texas Tech-Texas, Gonzaga-Clemson, Houston-Wichita State- and Michigan State-Marshall.\nPossible Cinderellas pop up all over. Penn no longer needs to beat mighty Kansas, instead tasked with three super inconsistent teams. Bucknell, Iona, Murray State, and St. Bonaventure have to like their draw here more than in real life.\nNow, here’s where we get wild. When I pitched this idea to some people, they assumed that this is where the experiment stopped. That’s no fun! We need to Google the phrase “college basketball simulator”, find one that seems effective, and then play out this tournament!\nSo, that’s exactly what I did.\nHere’s how the first round of group play happened (with teams in green advancing):\nEvery team that went 2-1 or better advanced, with one exception. Nevada, in Group 13, won twice in narrow fashion, but lost to Syracuse. The Orange and Auburn also won twice, finishing with a better point differential. For this to happen in just one of 16 groups is pretty satisfying, especially since we’re comparing to soccer, which features draws and a point system. I can already imagine Dickie V and Jay Bilas screaming about how unfair this system is to Nevada, but hey, they should have beaten Penn by more than six points.\nUpsets still exist! Even with the safety of group play, the top two teams in every group did not cakewalk to the next round. Two teams in the top pot failed to reach the next round: Gonzaga and Duke. Five more teams from the second pot failed to advance. Only one team from our bottom feeders survived, with Cal State Fullerton earning a trip to the next round by beating Duke (at Duke!) in what would go down as an all-time great tourney win.\nThe sim isn’t truly chaotic like March Madness, but it’s worth trusting. Bad teams struggled and the best teams generally did just fine. VIllanova was undefeated with the best point differential. I think this round went well enough to sim some more.\nNow that we’re down to 32 teams, our tournament begins to look more like the actual World Cup. We’ll randomly take two teams who won their first group and two who finished second to create eight new groups. The top two from each of those will be placed in a pre-seeded bracket. Here’s how that draw shook out:\nGROUP OF DEATH ALERT: Thanks to a first round loss by Virginia (sounds familiar!) and Kansas, those top teams were drawn from our second pot in this draw. That led to a stacked group alongside Wichita State and Texas Tech. Those four teams were initially among the top 16 original seeds, but just two will reach the knockout round. Fun!\nSofter groups appear to lead to easy advances. The top team in Group 7 is Florida, who was a 3-seed in real life (as was Houston). Over in Group 3, just one team reached the Sweet Sixteen in reality. Meanwhile, Alabama and Texas luck into each other, rather than one of the more stacked pools.\nSim time!\nGasp! Villanova is out! Faced with a tough pool, the Wildcats will not be our fictional champions. They managed to beat Butler, their Big East foe and one of the few teams to knock them off this season. It was the rest of the pool that proved too difficult. Purdue, armed with a healthy Isaac Haas, and Kentucky nipped Villanova to send them home. If you’re looking for parallels to the World Cup, Villanova is our Germany. Or maybe Duke was. I don’t know.\nOnly one group was decided by tiebreaker! That’s pretty encouraging. Just 2 out of 24 total groups needed to be settled by point differential. In terms of fairness, that’s a good sign. This time, rather than three teams tied at 2-1 fighting for two spots, we had three teams at the bottom of a group tied at 1-2. Alabama moves on by just one point, but beat Texas, the team they nearly tied, head-to-head (but lost to Ohio State, who Texas beat, and so on, in a circle). There are worst things than getting Collin Sexton into the Sweet Sixteen. We’ll live with it.\nThe sim went far different than the actual tournament. Obviously this is just a thought experiment, but it is interesting to see than just four teams from the real Sweet Sixteen are still alive here (Kansas, Texas A&M. Purdue, Kentucky). That speaks to the unpredictability of not just bracket play, but this format as well.\nMichigan State should join the SEC. Sparty made quick work of its Southern foes, with an undefeated second round.\nLet’s simulate the next weekend of play.\nOk, things are getting weird. We lost all of our true Cinderella stories, with the entire Elite Eight coming from the top two original pots and power conferences. I started to worry than maybe the simulator was a little too favorable to the top teams. But then Seton Hall made the Final Four, so I stopped worrying about that.\nSome of these games are making me salivate. UNC and Kansas? Virginia and Arizona? Florida beats Xavier by 1? Creighton over Alabama by just a bucket? These look, feel, and sound like real tournament games. That’s all we can ask for.\nTime for the Final Four:\nWait, what? No, like, uh, what. What happened? I understood Arizona making a run, since the computer doesn’t know the team was embroiled in scandal and drama. I got why great teams like UNC and Michigan State were advancing. I do not understand how or why the simulator loved Seton Hall. It really, really loved them. The Pirates went 9-1 this Fictional March and cut down the nets as National Champions. I couldn’t be fake happier for these fake computer generated players.\nIn conclusion, the World Cup format might not be as wild as a single elimination bracket, but it isn’t far off. This formatting change gave us more games, more basketball, more drama, and more random silliness. I can’t say it’s an improvement, especially in the one regard we expected it to be: choosing a worthy champion. Yet we still got chaos and madness, and that’s good enough for me.\nShane McNichol is the founder, editor, and senior writer at PalestraBack.com. He has also contributed to ESPN.com, Rush The Court, SALTMoney.org, Larry Brown Sports, and USA Today Sports Weekly. Follow him on Twitter @OnTheShaneTrain.\nDon't play hero ball, pass the rock:\nTags: college basketball, college hoops, March Madness, World Cup\nShane McNichol is the founder, editor, and senior writer at PalestraBack.com. He has also contributed to ESPN.com, The Action Network, Rush The Court, Larry Brown Sports, RotoBaller, and USA Today Sports Weekly. Follow him on Twitter @OnTheShaneTrain. You can find every post from this blog on Twitter by following @PalestraBack. If you have any suggestions, tips, ideas, or questions, email them to palestraback@gmail.com.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1203493"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6829705834388733,"wiki_prob":0.3170294165611267,"text":"Game 3: FMP-Serbia 74, Team USA3 73 - FINAL\nUpdated: Jan. 11, 2019, 2:38 a.m. | Published: Aug. 09, 2008, 12:20 a.m.\nBy Tim Brown | The Oregonian/OregonLive\nThis game was easily the best of the afternoon so far, and it even provides an Oregon angle as Portland's own Mike Moser (6'7, 179) is playing for Team USA3 as they take on FMP-Serbia. Also, playing for Team USA3 will be Rivals.com No. 1 recruit for the class of 2009, John Wall (6'3, 188) out of Word of God Christian HS in North Carolina. Wall is being recruited by the University of Oregon.\nTim Brown / OregonLive.com\nJohn Wall of Team USA3 drives past FMP-Serbia's Nikola Markovic during the first half of game 3 at the 2008 Nike Global Challenge.\nThings looked good for FMP-Serbia in the beginning as they quickly went up 3-0 on a foul shot and then an easy lay-up off a fast break. However, Team USA3 came roaring back in the first quarter to take the lead behind excellent interior play that included a slew of baskets coming from\nDeShaun Thomas (6'9, 210)\nDaniel Orton (6'9, 260)\n. Orton especially was a handful inside where Uros Lukovic (6'11, 209) was trying to guard him, but to no avail. Every time Orton touched the ball it was either a foul by Lukovic to stop the play, or two easy points on a short jumper. John Wall led the US team in the first half with 9 points, but he had a bunch of silly turnovers where he stepped on the end line, or missed a ally-oop dunk as he tried to cock the ball back to far on the flush.\nFMP-Serbia was more than solid in the first half. In fact they did just enough to tie the game going into the half (37-37) with some timely buckets from long distance including one with under a minute to play in the half by Ivan Smiljanic (6'6, 203) that really got the FMP bench fired up as they hopped to their feet hollering in approval. However, it was the early baskets from Nikola Markovic (6'9, 216) that really helped FMP get an early lead he burned a few defenders with nice footwork in the post and excellent decision-making on the run. Another big contributor for FMP was the nig man, Dejan Musli (7'0, 255). He had a thunderous dunk in the first half and then another one that made the crowd happy as he hammered it down and then hung on the rim for a good 2-3 seconds of emphasis. However, the most important part of the Serbian team was Filip Covic (5'10, 163) who not only was able to keep John Wall from exploding in the first half, but kept the tempo up for his squad which led to a lot of easy baskets for FMP. He had a great game.\nIn the fourth quarter, It seemed as though Team USA3 had the game all but locked up, but to their surprise, it was far from over. With under two minutes to play, a steal by Nikola Markovic for an easy two made it a two possession game. After a quick jumper missed for Team USA3, Milojko Vasilic canned an open three off the drive and dish by Filip Covic. That made it a three point contest, and after another miss followed by another quick two for FMP-Serbia, they were down by only one. A turnover on Team USA3 gave the ball right back to FMP-Serbia who raced down court with the ball. The initial shot was long by Vasilic, but Nikola Markovic was there for the tip in and that gave FMP-Serbia a one point lead. Team USA3 had 10.7 seconds to get a basket, but an ill-advised drive by John Wall was easily blocked and time ran out giving the Serbians a 74-73 victory. Man, they are extremely hyped about the win as well. Nikola Markovic ran over to FMP coach Aleksandar Glisic and tried to pick him up over his head, but they both fell down into some chairs, then Markovic belly flopped onto the floor and started slamming his hands on the ground. Pretty funny stuff, and yes... I got it on camera... I'll upload the video later tonight.\nOfficial Basketball Box Score\nSerbia vs USA THREE\n08/08/08 6:30 pm at Nike Global Challenge, Hillsboro, Ore.\nVISITORS: Serbia 1-0\nTOT-FG  3-PT         REBOUNDS\n## Player Name            FG-FGA FG-FGA FT-FTA OF DE TOT PF  TP  A TO BLK S MIN\n04 Covic, Filip........ *  3-7    0-2    1-2    0  2  2   3   7  6  7  0  2  35\n06 Zivanovic, Stefan... *  1-7    1-3    1-2    0  0  0   2   4  0  3  1  2  29\n09 Markovic, Nikola.... *  6-12   1-2    4-5    5  8 13   2  17  4  2  0  5  37\n11 Lazic, Branko....... *  3-4    0-0    1-2    0  2  2   3   7  1  1  0  1  25\n15 Musli, Dejan........ *  7-9    0-0    0-4    2  4  6   3  14  0  7  1  1  26\n05 Zaric, Aleksandar...    0-1    0-0    0-0    1  0  1   0   0  1  0  0  1   0\n07 Vailic, Milojko.....    1-2    0-0    2-2    2  0  2   2   4  0  2  3  0   8\n08 Dimic, Milos........    4-6    1-1    0-0    0  0  0   1   9  1  0  0  1   5\n10 Djokic, Dejan.......    1-3    0-1    0-0    0  0  0   2   2  0  2  0  1   6\n12 Smiljanic, Ivan.....    3-11   1-7    0-0    1  5  6   0   7  0  0  1  0  21\n13 Stojadinovic, Marko.    1-2    0-1    0-0    0  0  0   0   2  0  1  0  0   7\n14 Lukovic, Uros.......    0-0    0-0    1-2    0  0  0   2   1  0  0  0  0   1\nTeam................                            4  4\nTotals..............   30-64   4-17  10-19  11 25 36  20  74 13 25  6 14 200\nTOTAL FG% 1st Half: 15-30 50.0%   2nd Half: 15-34 44.1%   Game: 46.9%  DEADB\n3-Pt. FG% 1st Half:  1-6  16.7%   2nd Half:  3-11 27.3%   Game: 23.5%   REBS\nF Throw % 1st Half:  6-14 42.9%   2nd Half:  4-5  80.0%   Game: 52.6%    4\nHOME TEAM: USA THREE 0-1\n05 Dotson, Aaron....... *  1-3    0-1    2-2    1  2  3   2   4  2  0  0  1  14\n06 Wall, John.......... *  8-15   2-4    0-0    1  2  3   1  18  2  3  2  4  30\n09 Richmond, Jereme.... *  0-1    0-1    0-2    1  3  4   1   0  0  3  0  1  16\n10 Moser, Mike......... *  0-2    0-2    0-0    0  0  0   0   0  1  0  0  1  20\n13 Tyler, Jeremy....... *  3-7    0-1    0-0    1  1  2   3   6  0  2  0  1  11\n04 Franklin Jr, Gary...    4-10   4-8    0-2    0  8  8   1  12  2  0  0  1  25\n07 Gilchrist, Michael..    0-3    0-0    1-2    1  2  3   1   1  1  3  1  0  11\n08 Waiters, Dion.......    2-6    0-2    2-2    1  2  3   3   6  3  4  1  5  24\n11 Jennings, Milton....    0-0    0-0    0-0    1  0  1   1   0  0  0  0  2  10\n12 Thomas, DeShaun.....   11-18   0-0    0-0    4  2  6   3  22  0  2  0  1  17\n15 Orton, Daniel.......    1-3    0-0    2-6    1  5  6   3   4  1  3  2  0  22\nTeam................                         4  1  5\nTotals..............   30-68   6-19   7-16  16 28 44  19  73 12 20  6 17 200\n3-Pt. FG% 1st Half:  3-12 25.0%   2nd Half:  3-7  42.9%   Game: 31.6%   REBS\nF Throw % 1st Half:  2-8  25.0%   2nd Half:  5-8  62.5%   Game: 43.8%    6\nOfficials:\nTechnical fouls: Serbia-None. USA THREE-Team.\nScore by Periods                1st  2nd  3rd  4th   Total\nSerbia........................   14   23   12   25  -   74\nUSA THREE.....................   21   16   20   16  -   73\nFull Bracket and box scores\ncan be found on PrimeTimePDX.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line920600"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5609497427940369,"wiki_prob":0.5609497427940369,"text":"Great Pentecost sermon on the signs of the times (e.g., the Obama’s HHS mandate and his war on the Church)\nPosted on 1 June 2012 by Fr. John Zuhlsdorf\nIt is the Octave of Pentecost. We can should and review Pentecost during the Octave.\nA friend of mine, Fr. Richard Jacobs, OSA, gave this sermon for Pentecost Sunday:\nOne of the Fathers of the Church, St. Cyril of Alexandria, wrote the following statement describing the presence of the Holy Spirit alive and at work within us:\nIt’s quite natural for people who have been absorbed by the things of this world to become entirely other-worldly in outlook and for cowards to become people of great courage.\nOn this Solemnity of Pentecost, what would it mean for those who have been absorbed the things of this world to become entirely other-worldly in outlook and for their cowardice to be transformed into great courage?\nI know for sure what our nation’s Catholic bishops are saying it requires: Confronting the threats being posed today to religious liberty.\nAs you may know, this past week the nation’s Catholic bishops filed 12 lawsuits on behalf of 43 different Catholic institutions and groups to defend religious liberty. The focus of the lawsuits is the Department of Health and Human Services’ healthcare mandate. While many in the media have called the bishops’ lawsuits part of the Vatican’s larger “war against women” and a dispute that’s of concern “only to a tiny minority of Catholics who hold rather peculiar views about human sexuality,” that kind of vitriol is purposely intended to deflect attention away from the merit of the substantive argument, which is the slow but steady erosion of conscience protections for religious institutions and individuals in what’s for the most part a secular society…one having no religious roots.\nThe substantive issue being contested can be stated in the form of a question: Does the federal government possess the right to mandate Church-sponsored institutions and individuals to promote what its moral teachings forbid?\nMore practically, should an organization—like Catholic Charities—be compelled by the federal government to provide its employees access to contraceptives, sterilizations, and abortafacients? Or, should Catholic Relief Services—one of the world’s premiere disaster assistance organizations—be compelled by the federal government to provide “the full range of reproductive services,” including abortion, when attempting to aid people who have been afflicted by natural disasters?\nThe bishops’ lawsuits are not contesting those practicalities, but something that’s much more fundamental, the constitutional principle guaranteeing free expression of religion. The bishops believe this principle has been gradually eroding in such ways that the federal government and its agents now believe they possess the authority to make those practicalities the issue.\nHHS Secretary Sebelius has maintained that the goal of her mandate is to protect women’s health. That may be, depending upon what it means “to protect women’s health.” But, Ms. Sebelius’ mandate has the intentional effect of compelling religious institutions and individuals to facilitate and to fund services that violate their beliefs and, worse yet, within their own institutions. The irony is that, in fact, those services are already widely and for the most part cheaply available, and most employers provide coverage for them.\nWhat the mandate is, is bad enough. It’s nothing other than an unprecedented assault by agents of the federal government to compel religious institutions and individuals to violate their deepest moral convictions. But, there’s something even more insidious about Ms. Sebelius’ mandate. If government policy can close down or force religious providers of healthcare, social services, and education to serve as agents of the government’s policy, then the federal government will have consolidated its monopoly over those services, making the government all-powerful in those areas.\nThe President of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, Cardinal Timothy Dolan said: “Never before have we faced this kind of challenge to our ability to engage in the public square as people of faith.”\nBut it’s not just the nation’s Catholic bishops who are concerned. Baptist, Orthodox Jew, Orthodox Christian, Mormon, and other religious leaders gathered this past week for a daylong summit in Washington, DC, at the Ethics and Public Policy’s American Religious Freedom Program. There they discussed the eroding state of religious freedom in the United States and formulated a plan to confront this moral malignancy.\nThen, too, in what would have been impossible to envision even just six decades ago, the largely evangelical Protestant group sponsoring the summit awarded Archbishop Lori of Baltimore the “American Religious Freedom Award” for his “vigorous but gracious defense of religious liberty in the face of increasing hostility and legal and policy challenges.” Then, too, in response to the bishops’ defense of religious freedom, the one-time Baptist minister, former Arkansas Governor, and Fox News host, Mike Huckabee, flatly declared, “We’re all Catholics now.”\nToday’s scripture reminds us that when the Holy Spirit is alive and at work within us, people who don’t comprehend what they are saying to one another as well as what they are debating or arguing with one another about, miraculously understand one another.\nToday’s scripture also reminds us that when the Holy Spirit is alive and at work within us, differences in race, nationality, and creed—externals that would otherwise divide people—suddenly disappear.\nToday scripture also reminds us that when the Holy Spirit is alive and at work within us, people who possess different talents and capabilities don’t use them exclusively for their personal aggrandizement or benefit, but offer those talents and capabilities for the good of all.\nIn sum, the presence of the Holy Spirit alive and at work in us makes all of this possible since the source of all these differences is God. And, when people realize the divine source of these differences and root themselves in God, it’s possible for love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, and self control to overcome all of the immorality, impurity, lust, idolatry, sorcery, hatred, rivalry, jealousy, outbursts of fury, acts of selfishness, dissensions, factions, occasions of envy, drinking bouts, orgies, and the like that are rooted in all of those differences, not in the divine source of those differences.\nBecause, as we heard in the Sequence, the presence of the Holy Spirit “heals wounds,” “bends stubborn hearts and wills,” and “guides the steps that go astray.”\nAllow me to suggest that what we may be witnessing on this Solemnity of Pentecost are religious leaders who for all too long have been absorbed in the things of this world suddenly becoming entirely other-worldly in outlook, as their cowardice is being transformed into great courage. As Cardinal Dolan said to Bob Scheifer on “Face the Nation” back on April 8: “We didn’t ask for this fight, but we won’t back away from it.”\nSurveying all of these events, I’m wondering whether this series of events may be one of those “signs of the times” the Second Vatican Council said we should be alert to and, in particular, what may be a sign of the Holy Spirit making possible the first concrete step in authentic ecumenism. For once, religious leaders are rooted in upholding God’s law rather than defending who was right and who was wrong in religious battles that took place centuries ago. If that doesn’t demonstrate the power of the Holy Spirit alive and at work in those religious leaders, then I don’t know what possibly could. And, if it is, then it’s time for all of us to get to work confronting the threats being posed to religious liberty.\nOn this Solemnity of Pentecost, let’s those of us who have been absorbed in the things of this world to become entirely other-worldly in outlook, as St. Cyril of Alexandria reminds us, by allowing the Holy Spirit to transform our cowardice into great courage.\nThis entry was posted in Dogs and Fleas, Mail from priests, Our Catholic Identity, Religious Liberty, The Drill, The future and our choices, The Last Acceptable Prejudice and tagged Catholic Charities, Catholic Relief Services, Cyril of Alexandria, health care, HHS mandate, Kathleen Sebelius, Obama Administration, Pentecost, Pres. Obama, religious liberty, reproductive services. Bookmark the permalink.\nPoor Green Lantern.\nI’m SHOCKED! LCWR rejects the Holy See’s reform\n1 June 2012 at 4:35 PM\nThere will be conversions to Catholicism because of this fight. But, we shall lose some Catholics as well. As in any war, there are heroes and casualties.\nLegisperitus says:\nThe war being waged is against Christ. His life, death, and resurrection change and inform everything. The banner we take up, more than the banner of liberty, must be the banner of Christ because He is the true Enemy and Victim of those who oppress the Church. The liberty of the Church is the freedom of Christ’s action in the world. Sooner or later, it will have to come down to a stand on the question of Christ. “Who do you say that I am?”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1280688"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5348073244094849,"wiki_prob":0.5348073244094849,"text":"File photo. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Graeme Roy\nBurned vehicle in Port Moody linked to Coquitlam, B.C., shooting, police say\nNine-year-old boy who was in the back seat was not injured\nPolice say they believe a suspicious vehicle fire in Port Moody, B.C., is connected to a shooting that occurred minutes before in nearby Coquitlam.\nA statement from Port Moody police says officers responded to a report of a silver sedan that was found burning on Saturday after being abandoned.\nMounties in Coquitlam say they’re now investigating any connection between the burned vehicle and the shooting, which may have been targeted.\nThey say the victim, who was not known to police, was taken hospital for treatment of non-life-threatening injuries and later released.\nThey say his nine-year-old son, who was in the back seat, was not injured.\nThe RCMP say in a statement that there is not enough evidence to establish or rule out a link between the shooting and gang conflict in the Lower Mainland, “but police do not believe this was a completely random act.”\nThey say a silver sedan with a description matching the burned vehicle was seen leaving the area and police are asking anyone who was in the Westwood Plateau or Maude Court areas between 4:20 and 5:30 p.m. on Saturday to come forward with any information that could be helpful.\nB.C.’s storm recovery ‘trending in the right direction,’ but gas rationing to remain\nNelson ecologist questions B.C.’s roll-out of old growth strategy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line999357"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7390123605728149,"wiki_prob":0.7390123605728149,"text":"This is my Day-to-Day Weblog on the Japanese Economy. For More Detailed In-Depth Commentary, Analysis and Links on Japan's Continuing Economic Crisis See the Japan Page on My Website\nJapan's Job-Loss 'Recovery'\nI'v made myself a promise to try and look a bit more at Japan this week, since I'm sure I've been neglecting things there. This piece serves to kill two birds with one stone, since it also relates to the ongoing 'structural reforms' theme. I think the argument demonstrates two things: that job creation is getting harder everywhere, and that the Asia Times (following on from the previous post) is a neglected source of good-quality information. BTW I've put the 'R' word in scare quotes, since that is the topic I will be trying to investigate this week.\nJapan: the rising specter of unemployment By Hussain Khan\nTOKYO - Higher labor costs, yen appreciation resulting in the outsourcing of production facilities and growing computerization all point to a long-term structural increase in Japan's jobless. Due to heavy losses in labor-intensive sectors, companies are planning further outsourcing of their production facilities to countries where labor costs are much lower.\nIt is difficult to describe how profound these changes are in Japanese society. They are breaking down a system of lifetime security for the low-paid but loyal sarariman (salaryman) of legend, whose antecedents sociologists trace back to the samurai system in which a warrior class dedicated their lives to their feudal lords. In modern society, the Japanese company has served as the locus of social stability for the sarariman, with loyalty to the firm resembling earlier fealty to nobles. Today, as outsourcing continues and jobs go overseas, the essential nature of the country�s work force and its values are being challenged in an unprecedented way. The office lady, who joined her equally inefficient sarariman colleague in the work force, is also likely to be a victim of the aggressive rationalization of Japan's notoriously disorganized office operations.\nJapan's seasonally adjusted unemployment rate stood at 5.1 percent in August, the lowest level since the 5 percent posted in August 2001, according to a report released by the Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications. That means that during the last two years, employment has not improved. Rather it has deteriorated. The number of part-time workers fell for the first time in 20 months, while the total of all people who worked during the month also dropped 100,000 from a year before to 63.61 million, the first negative growth in four months, indicating that the nation's employment situation remains bleak. The number of employed people decreased by 160,000 year on year to 53.47 million.\nThe number of people out of work due to corporate restructuring and other reasons related to their employers totaled 970,000. This was the first time since January 2002 that the figure had fallen below 1 million, an indication that corporate restructuring may have run its course. But this optimism over a drop of mere 3 percent in one month is not justified after 1 million have been unemployed for the last 20 months.\nThe weakening dollar and the stronger yen had not taken their toll as the Bank of Japan heavily intervened in the currency market. But after John Snow, the United States Treasury Secretary, criticized Japanese exchange rate intervention in a congressional committee in Washington, the yen rose as high 107 yen to US$1, breaking the psychological barrier of 108 yen. Speculation is for a trend toward 105 yen and more yen appreciation shortly.\nUnder such a scenario, the pressure is increasing for further corporate restructuring, and with it further job losses. The one-month drop of 3 percent and the 20-month old trend averaging more than 1 million unemployed can be expected to resume with greater force as long the yen continues to appreciate, since a lot of export-related corporations have started fresh plans to outsource their production facilities, especially in the electrical white goods sector.\nEven apart from the pressure of yen appreciation, corporate restructuring is continuing, with no signs of abating. Although the banking sector has been the main beneficiary of the recent stock market rise, some banks like the Resona Group expect to cut employees, with the group dismissing some 4,000 employees,reducing its staff from 19,000 to 15,000 by March 2005 in a bid to complete its revised restructuring program two years ahead of schedule.\nA draft of Resona's new restructuring plan also calls for reducing outstanding loans to smaller businesses at fiscal year-end next March by 1 trillion yen on the year as an attempt to shift its focus from quantity to quality. The draft fails to set the schedule for repaying public funds, foreseeing that the group's profits will remain flat from fiscal 2004 through fiscal 2006. It also calls for skipping all dividend payouts through fiscal 2004, including those to the government. The latest plan by the banking group, which is effectively under the government's control, is expected to be finalized by the end of next month for submission to the Financial Services Agency.\nThis is a revised version of the business reconstruction plan crafted in June after the government decided to inject about 2 trillion yen of taxpayer's money into the group. Under the updated plan, Resona group is to also reduce its number of branches to 495 by the end of fiscal 2004, 20 more than called for under the current plan. With these aggressive restructuring efforts, the group's expenses as of the end of March 2005 are projected at 90 billion yen less than those of two years earlier. The ratio of labor and property costs to gross operating profit is to be slashed to 52 percent from 59 percent as well.\nThe banks are not alone in their restructuring plans. Sanyo is emblematic of the new and unsettling Japan. In the electrical goods manufacturing sector, as a part of its effort to provide secure employment, Sanyo continued to produce white goods at its domestic plants. But with the white goods business unlikely to stop bleeding red ink in the immediate future, Sanyo has decided to downsize its operations in Hyogo Prefecture and another in Shiga prefecture. The Hyogo plant is to cease production of vacuum cleaners, massage chairs and all other products by year-end and focus on research and development. The Shiga plant is scheduled to stop making microwave ovens, washing machines and double-tub washing machines by the end of this fiscal year.\nAs a result, sales from domestic production are expected to account for about 20 percent of the firm's overall home appliance sales, down sharply from the current 60 percent. Sanyo intends to reduce employees at the two plants from the current 1,250 to around 900 by April 2004 through relocations to other divisions and transfers to subcontractors. The company plans to maintain its product lineup by outsourcing production at the two plants to outside firms and transferring it to overseas factories. Sanyo's home appliance division recorded a 10.5 billion yen operating loss on a consolidated basis for the fiscal year ended March 31, making it the only one of the firm's six divisions to be in the red.\nOther companies in the same or related sectors like Futjitsu and Hitachi have also announced losses. Like Sanyo, these companies also must reduce employees to meet their restructuring goals. Fujitsu, the major computer maker, said that it posted a consolidated net loss of 58.5 billion yen for the fiscal first half ended September 30, mainly due to money-losing operations in the computer software service division caused by a general decline in information technology investment among corporate clients.\nProfit from the software division, the firm's core operation, declined by more than 40 percent. The manufacturing sectors for electronics parts and for information and telecommunications stayed in the red despite cost reduction efforts, according to company officials. The company reported a special profit of 34.4 billion yen, mainly from sales of its stockholding in Fanuc Ltd, the major industrial robot maker, but the gain was not enough to offset the net loss.\nAs for Hitachi, growing losses from a hard-disk drive business it acquired the previous year were the main contributor to a 5 percent fall in consolidated net profit to 5.3 billion yen in the fiscal first half, even after Hitachi sold portions of its stock in affiliate Nitto Denko Corp, which generated a special profit of more than 90 billion yen. Hitachi officials said that an increase in pension payments and other factors reduced operating profit by 67 percent to 20.2 billion yen.\nHitachi�s heavy and industrial machinery division also suffered a decline in profit due to cutbacks in investment, mainly among electric power companies. Earnings from refrigerators, washing machines and other household appliances were also weak because Japan experienced an unusually cool summer. Unlike Sharp Corp and Matsushita Electric Industrial Co, neither Fujitsu nor Hitachi is a major player in the fast-growing digital home appliances sector, which is another factor for their poor performance.\nThe effect of computerization on employment cannot be neglected. On the second day of the Nikkei Global Management Forum, Scott McNealy, chairman and chief executive officer of US computer firm Sun Microsystems Inc, said information technology will bring about drastic changes in the corporate world. Since the spread of IT will render obsolete conventional ways of working, personnel ability and corporate activities, companies will have to adapt to the changes, for example, by reorganizing their employment structure, he said.\nMcNealy pointed out that companies can enjoy the benefits of a ubiquitous computing environment such as improved productivity and the need for less office space. The Sun executive noted that companies also need to accept the negative aspects of IT, such as changes in working conditions and increases in corporate bankruptcies as the natural consequences of a computerized society. He said that although governments tend to try to stop such changes, companies should be forward-looking.\nThat means that if Japan's companies are to become more competitive, the job cuts will continue, changing long-held standards of Japanese society. Those changes are bound to be painful for a society not used to pain.\nSource: Asia Times\nThis is my Day-to-Day Weblog on the Japanese Econo...\nJapan's Job-Loss 'Recovery' I'v made myself a...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1784816"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9106512069702148,"wiki_prob":0.9106512069702148,"text":"“… a place of innocent recreation and entertainment …”\nIn 1870, Perth people quickly took advantage of the new facilities and organised social events such as concerts and dances. Some early users of the hall raised money to help the City Council improve the facilities, while other activities supported all sorts of causes. The Town Hall was truly intended as a social centre.\nEntertainments of all kinds – both amateur and professional – have been a feature of the Town Hall ever since. Concerts – popular as well as classical – continue to be popular. Plays and shows are still staged – the Town Hall has even been a venue for the Perth Festival Fringe. The Town Hall was also used as a cinema for a while in the early years of the twentieth century.\nSporting activities, such as boxing, fencing, callisthenics, and even badminton, also feature in the history of the Town Hall.\nCelebrations over the years\nPerformances for all tastes\nDances at the Town Hall have always been popular and many community groups have organised balls there. Tuesday morning community shows still provide a popular program of entertainment for seniors.\nJane Jewell, daughter of the architect Richard Roach Jewell, sang a solo at the first concert held at the Perth Town Hall on 15 July 1870. ‘The Elfin Echoes’ is a setting of a poem by Tennyson. The composer is unknown. Performed by Valerie Bannan. MS supplied by RWAHS.\nThe Perth Congregational Choral Society were first off the mark. Their concert on 15 July 1870 was repeated by popular demand a few days later. All the musical forces of the colony were marshalled for a Grand Concert on 29 August 1870. This raised £43/15/8 (equivalent to more than $6000 today), given to the City Council for fitting out the building.\nLocal amateur musicians formed a group called the Minstrels of the West to raise money for a piano. They achieved their goal at their 10th concert in 1877.\nAmateur music-making has always been important to the Perth community. Indeed, community singing at the Town Hall was a feature of the 1920s and 1930s, with radio broadcasts of these events to the West Australian community. Many local choral and instrumental groups have performed at the Town Hall over the years. The stage has also been popular with dancing schools for putting on end-of-year performances and for musical and theatrical competitions.\nA concert performance on the Town Hall stage. The group is probably The Minstrels of the West. Royal Western Australian Historical Society. P1999.4423\nConcert program for the tenth and final concert of the Minstrels of the West. State Library of Western Australia PR381/2\nAudience at the Town Hall for the first community singing concert broadcast by 6WF, 1936. State Library of Western Australia 006489D.\nScouts dressed for performing plays and sketches at their annual meeting and display, 1934. State Library of Western Australia 095312PD.\nDining and dancing\nThe Town Hall today is an elegant and historic function venue.\nAs well as formal civic dinners and receptions, community organisations, private companies and ordinary people host monster tea parties, receptions and dinners in the Town Hall.\nA tea and social in 1935 to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of Mr Alfred Sandover’s arrival in Western Australia. State Library of Western Australia 018921PD.\nTown Hall dances have always been popular. Balls were a highlight of social activity in the early years of the Swan River Colony and the Town Hall provided the community with a new popular venue for dancing.\nDancing at the Postal Institute annual meeting and dance.\nImage courtesy of the National Archives of Australia. NAA: K1131, W1552/D.\nPatricia Langford, née Edmondson,\nwearing her debutante gown,\non the Town Hall staircase,\nat the Printers Ball, 1952.\nLance and Patricia Langford and friends at the Printers Ball, 1952.\nHand-made dress, jacket and\nwrap worn by Elsie Weeks\nfor dances at the Town Hall,\n1960s. Lent by Steve Weeks.\nMany Perth couples met at Town Hall dances. Lance Langford remembers how a beautiful brunette named Patricia Edmondson caught his eye and he asked her for a dance. He was 19 and she was 16. There were many dance venues but the Town Hall was a favourite because it was the biggest, had a good floor for dancing and had a good band. Lance and Patricia married in 1954.\nExploring changing fashions of dress over 150 years of events at the Perth Town Hall\nSteve Weeks also remembers the dances at the Town Hall in the early 1960s. As a child, his mother would bring him and he would sleep under the table! But later on, Steve danced there himself as a competitive ballroom dancer.\nSteve Weeks remembers dances at the town hall\nSocial dance clubs have been popular at the Perth Town Hall for many years. This 1991 video shows the Amelia Club, which met on Wednesday nights. The pianist is Beryl Long. She continued to play for the dance clubs well into her 70s! Other clubs were Kui, Beehive and Harmony. The Kui Club started in 1947 and is still going at the Wembley Bowling Club. Most of the dance clubs moved out of the Town Hall to make way for the restoration in 2005.\nThe Coolbaroo Club\nOn 4 October 1954, the Coolbaroo Club held a Gala Royal Show Ball at the Perth Town Hall.\nThe Coolbaroo Club was an Aboriginal organisation well-known for its advocacy for Aboriginal rights and for organising social activities, especially dances. The City of Perth was a prohibited area for Aboriginal people, only abolished in 1954. Booking the Town Hall for their Gala Royal Show Ball celebrated the abolition of the prohibited area and publicly reclaimed the right to be on Aboriginal land. The Coolbaroo Club continued to hold events in the Town Hall for the rest of the decade.\nFarley Garlett interviews Albert and Irene McNamara about their memories of the Coolbaroo Club\nFind out more about the Coolbaroo Club from the City of Perth's new podcast 'Untold Stories of Perth'\nListen to Untold Stories of Perth\nA wide range of sporting contests have been held in the Town Hall, including boxing, badminton, fencing, callisthenics.\nThe first State Badminton Championships were held at the Perth Town Hall in 1927 and in 1950 the Australian Championships finally came to WA for the first time. 1951 saw the State Fencing Championships at the Town Hall.\nBoxing was controversial. Boxing was very popular, but there was also considerable opposition to the sport. Consequently, the use of the Town Hall for boxing matches was very controversial.\nLotteries were also controversial. There was strong opposition to the formation of the Lotteries Commission (now Lotterywest) in the 1930s. A 1933 meeting to protest against the refusal of the Lotteries Commission to allow newspaper competitions was said to be the biggest ever held at the Perth Town Hall. Nevertheless, the Lotteries Commission held public draws at the Perth Town Hall for many years.\nFirst public lottery draw at the Perth Town Hall, 1932. SLWA 101652PD\nJunior boxing match at the Perth Town Hall. WA Newspapers\nA craze for ‘rinking’\nOne of the more surprising uses for Perth Town Hall was for roller skating – or ‘rinking’ as it was known.\nThe craze for roller skating arrived in Australia in the 1860s and a rinking club was formed in Perth in 1877. This was strictly an upper-class affair and the members met twice a week in the Town Hall.\nThe club held a remarkable costume ball on 17 October 1878, recorded in detail in the local papers and by Henry Prinsep’s sketch of the event. The most ‘original and remarkable dress’ was undoubtedly Captain Wilkinson’s Cleopatra’s Needle costume – which must have been very difficult to skate in!\nThe craze grew and within ten years commercial operators stepped in and established several skating rinks in Perth and Fremantle. Mr George Webb set up the Broadway Elite Skating Rink at the Perth Town Hall.\nRoller skating was a popular family affair. Advertisements invited ‘Girls and Boys, their Fathers, Mothers, Grandmothers and Grandfathers and the Baby FREE’. On Boxing Day 1888, 5000 people were expected to attend the Town Hall rink over morning, afternoon and evening sessions. As well as general skating, there were organised games and competitions for adults and children, fast skating and races. Exhibitions of trick skating entertained the crowds, with a band supplying music.\n\"Our Town Hall was looking its best …\"\nThe City of Perth decks out the Town Hall in all its finery for special occasions and celebrations, such as royal visits, commemorations – and of course Christmas!\nThe Town Hall was decorated with flags even before it was finished for the royal visit of the Duke of Edinburgh in 1869. SLWA 6909B/134\nDecorations in Barrack Street for the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York in 1901. SLWA 012500D\nThe 1929 centenary celebrations saw the Town Hall decorated with flags in the daytime and lit up at night. City of Perth. SLWA 095640PD.\nThe Town Hall lit up for the coronation of King George V in 1937. SLWA 095659PD\nAnother royal visit. Perth Town Hall lit for HM Queen Elizabeth II in 1954. SLWA 231933D\nThe Town Hall clock tower decorated for Christmas\nWe are glad to learn that the large public clock for the Town Hall is now in course of erection, and that probably in a few days' time the passing hours will be notified by the quarter chimes, and deep-toned hour bell, while the true Perth time will be shown on its four dials, illuminated at night. … This is the first public convenience which the Town Hall extends to the city; and we cannot question its usefulness.\n… the grand old clock by which all Perth sets its watches, catches its trains, keeps its appointments.\nTown hall clocks were once important landmarks for city life. In the days before everyone carried a personal watch – or a mobile phone – everyone relied on the Town Hall clock to keep time for the city. The sound of the bells striking the hours and the quarters carries about three kilometres and can sometimes be heard as far as Bayswater. And the clock was lit at night.\nAt least one resident of South Perth used to keep a telescope in his front room to check the time by the Town Hall clock. Raising a flag on the tower used to be the signal that the mail boat had arrived.\nWaiting for the stroke of midnight, New Year’s Eve, 1936. WA Newspaper.\nLooking After The Clock\nThe Town Hall clock was built by London clockmakers, Thwaites and Reed and the three bells also came from London. It was installed by local clockmaker Mr John Bowra, who maintained the clock for many years. It was originally wound by hand, but electric motors now do the job.\nThe Ennis family has looked after the clock now for nearly ninety years. Norman Ennis of Ennis Jewellers, got the contract in the early 1930s and Norm’s sons, Norman Junior and Ron followed in his footsteps. Today, Paul Ennis, Norm Ennis’s grandson, keeps the clock running.\nPaul Ennis is the third generation of the Ennis family to maintain the clock. WA Newspapers\nAny problem with the Town Hall clock was once big news in Perth. One of the hazards in the early days was birds getting into the works and stopping the clock. The clock is also affected by the weather – so in a heat wave people would complain that the clock was wrong.\nGenerations of Perth people gathered at Town Hall to see in the New Year as the clock struck. Radio station 6WF broadcast New Year festivities from the Perth Town Hall. And the Town Hall clock marked the two-minute silence on Armistice Day 11 November.\nNorm Ennis, junior, remembers how “Everyone congregated under the dial for the clock to see the New Year in, and nearly every year there was a big article in the paper that the Town Hall clock had never struck the midnight hour. …. the congregation was so eager, that they’d start cheering and that before the clock actually struck, and then they’d claim the damn thing had never struck.” So, Norm used to climb up with a hammer to strike the bell himself if necessary. But he never needed to as the clock always worked perfectly!\nA word from John Bowra\nBattles over time\nCommitment to the cause\nThe Clock Tower\nA scale model of the Perth Town Hall clock made in recycled jarrah by retired engineer, James Lang, of Mount Lawley. Lent by the Lang family.\nFor many years, the clock tower on the corner of Barrack and Hay Streets was the tallest building in the city and would have been a prominent landmark for meeting friends.\nHelen Mountstephen remembers in the 1950s and 1960s “the Perth Town Hall was one of the places where people would quite often meet.”\nAnd Steve Weeks remembers being a newsboy on the Town Hall corner selling the Daily News.\nListen to Steve Weeks\nOver the years, the platform at the top of the tower has been a favourite vantage point for photographers. More than a century of photographs taken from the clock tower show how the city has changed.\nHistorical Panoramas\nClick here to find out more about the changing cityscape.\nFrom “Old Derelict” to “Jewel of the City”\nSince it opened, there have been a wide range of opinions about the Perth Town Hall, as the building has adapted to the changing needs of a growing city.\nGovernor Hampton’s views of the town hall\nA much-loved landmark\nThe citizens of Perth were generally delighted with their new Town Hall. However, early users complained about the ‘wretched acoustics’ and the facilities.\nChanges to the Town Hall began even before it was opened, with the telegraph office housed in the base of the tower from 1869. A new building to house the Legislative Council was built in the planned courtyard to the east of the building. The Legislative Council was sworn in at the Town Hall on 5 December 1870, while the Perth City Council held its first meeting in 1871.\nCommemorating the centenary of the first meeting of the Council in 1971. City of Perth.\nThe plan to use the undercroft for a market was controversial from the start. The market did eventually open in 1872, but only lasted a few years. Instead, the undercroft was progressively enclosed and altered from the 1880s to provide space for Town Hall staff and lettable offices to increase revenue.\nIn 1875, Perth acquired a fire engine. It was kept under the arches at the Town Hall until the new fire station was built in 1901. There was no room for a stable, so if the fire alarm rang the horses from the cab rank outside the Town Hall were hitched to the fire engine.\nFrom the 1890s, discussion began about replacing the Town Hall with a more modern building to meet the needs of the Council as Perth grew. For the next thirty years, every scheme that was proposed met with opposition. One problem was that the land title only included the land on which the building stood. This was an obstacle to any future expansion. It also became clear that many citizens were attached to the Town Hall as a landmark and for its historical associations, despite its inconveniences.\nFinally, in 1924, the Council bought the Strelitz Building on Murray Street for offices and Council chambers. The move was financed by converting the ground floor of the Town Hall to shops – described by the West Australian at the time as ‘municipal vandalism’. At the same time, alterations were made to the Town Hall itself, including remodelling of the stage and gallery, and a new kitchen and supper rooms. Various alterations and repairs have continued over the years.\nConverting the undercroft at the Perth Town Hall into shops in 1925. SLWA 008814PD\nCraven’s Pharmacy on the corner of Hay and Barrack Streets, 1925. SLWA 008314PD\nShops under the Town Hall\nOver the years, various businesses have had premises in the Town Hall. Craven’s Pharmacy was the longest tenancy and became a landmark in its own right on the corner under the Town Hall clock. As the 1927 advertisement said:\nTry Craven’s Pharmacy, under Town Hall Clock, first.\nIf they haven’t got it, it can’t be got.\nOther shops in the 1930s included Ferstat, jeweller and tobacconist, the Rose Marie Fruit Palace, Petals florist, Warner, jeweller, Rutland and Thomas, tailors, and the Rosebud Tea Rooms.\nAfter World War 2, Maxim’s Café was a favourite destination after dances at the Town Hall – as Lance Langford remembers:\nI loved the food … popular in the evening with a cup of tea – a pancake with syrup like a waffle … only two shillings.\nThere was a public outcry when the Council closed Maxim’s in 1956 for major alterations to the shops.\nRose Marie Fruit Palace. SLWA 128411PD\nMaxim’s Café. SLWA 103462PD\nClick here to read more about Mr Epstein’s Rosebud Tea Rooms.\nA heritage jewel in the historic heart of Perth\nThe Town Hall narrowly escaped demolition in the 1950s when the new Council House was planned. The new Council House was built, but public protests ensured the old Town Hall was not replaced.\nIn the 1990s, conservation studies recommended restoration of key features such as the brick arches, as well as necessary repairs resulting from the construction and demolition of the R&I bank tower. Modernisation of the facilities secured the use of the Town Hall into the future. The Council embarked on a major program of restoration in 2001, which was completed in 2005.\nToday, the Perth Town Hall is once again appreciated as an iconic landmark and a key element in the complex of historic buildings at the heart of the city, including the State Buildings, St George’s Cathedral and Government House.\nCaptain Stirling and his party arrived at Kuraree on 12 August 1829, and marked the site of the future City of Perth by felling a tree. This event began a period of conflict over land and resources. For the dispossessed Whadjuk Nyoongar, life would never be the same again. The settlers, with their houses, fences and roads, their crops and their animals, took over the land and stopped access to traditional hunting and gathering places.\nChris Pease, Land Release 3 2008. The artist shows how British land tenure was imposed on Nyoongar Country. City of Perth Cultural Collections\nNevertheless, over the years Whadjuk Nyoongar have continued to fight for recognition and asserted traditional ownership of the area where the city stands.\nThe Aborigines Protection Act of 1905 gave power over all aspects of Aboriginal people’s lives to a ‘Protector’. This included employment and wages, where they could live, who they could marry, and often children were taken away from their parents to be brought up in institutions such as Moore River Settlement. From 1927, central Perth was a prohibited area. Aboriginal people needed permits to enter the city and were arrested if found there after the 6pm curfew.\nA permit allowing the holder to be in the prohibited area\nCity of Perth Elder Margaret Culbong remembers those days.\nWe hardly went into Perth because we were only allowed in parts because of the racism and discrimination. My Dad worked on the railways and got a free pass on the train into Perth. That street that ran past the station, we were really only allowed to go. The corner of Barrack Street and Wellington is where we used to sit. Dad and Mum did business and went to Perth for medical business. We would sit on the seat and watch all the traffic go past.\nWe only went down Barrack Street if we went to the government garden. We had to walk on one side of Barrack Street past the Town Hall, not the other side. Weren’t allowed to do that. We went into the government gardens. Walking on the right side, never on the left side of Barrack Street. Because of all those restrictions. Racism and oppression.\nCity of Perth Elder Margaret Culbong\nOver the years, various Aboriginal organisations, mostly based in East Perth, such as the Coolbaroo League formed in 1947, provided social services and campaigned for Aboriginal rights. When the prohibited area was finally abolished in 1954, the Coolbaroo League lost no time in reclaiming the City of Perth by hiring the Town Hall for their Royal Show Gala Ball.\nToday, the City of Perth acknowledges that it is on Whadjuk Nyoongar land and City of Perth Elders have contributed to developing the content for this exhibition.\nCrochet shield in Aboriginal colours, by City of Perth Elder Margaret Culbong.\nI do a lot of crocheting – beanies and that sort of thing. Get the cheaper wool when I can pick it up. I had this wool left over and I thought maybe I should make something with it. I thought the City of Perth had all their coat of arms whatsit things. I thought I’d do one too. Thought I might as well crochet a shield. At the time it didn’t really mean anything and no real significance, but then as I went along with the crochet it did begin to matter. It became something. It mattered. It had the white man’s shape and size but it was putting our mark and our claim on our country.\nMargaret Culbong\nCity of Perth Cultural Collections.\nFind out more about Aboriginal culture and heritage in the City of Perth at Perth Online","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1456559"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6150652766227722,"wiki_prob":0.3849347233772278,"text":"After Emily came Unity\n“Never paint from anything but real life whether it is a person or flower.” — Unity Bainbridge\n[We have only just been informed of the death of author and painter Unity Bainbridgem who live more than one hundred years. – Ed.]\nUnity Bainbridge of West Vancouver was a distinguished painter and an amateur ethnologist who frequently visited the Lillooet and Whistler area, painting many portraits of First Nations people. In editions of 1,000 copies she self-published Songs of Seton: The Three Sisters of Nekiat (1974, 1975, 1976) and Lullaby of Lillooet (1977). Along with text in the form of diary extracts, Bainbridge’s paintings recall her visits from 1942 and 1976 with a romanticized, tragic perspective. “This book is written in memory of lovely things that have gone… the lost little churches and the villages of Lillooet,” etc.\nOn a social level, Bainbridge preceded a community of artists and arts supporters in West Vancouver during the 1940s and 1950s that included Gordon and Marion Smith, Bert (B.C.) Binning, Jessie Binning, Alistair Bell, Betty Bell, Geoff and Ruth Massey. Her contributions to art and society were eventually recognized with the Order of British Columbia in 1993 and a Queen’s Jubilee medal.\nBorn on July 6, 1916, she died on November 30, 2017, predeceased by her parents, Ursula Ridgeway (her sister) and husband Bob. She was survived by her daughter Deb Ryan (Rick) and sister Monica Reznick as well as grandchildren, great-grandchildren, nieces and nephews. Her work is in the permanent collection of many galleries such as Buckingham Palace, Imperial War Museum, Diefenbaker Museum and the Vancouver Art Gallery.\n[See obituary below from Emily Carr News]\nBainbridge, Unity. Songs of Seton: The Three Sisters of Nekiat (s.p., 1974, 1975, 1976).\nBainbridge, Unity. Lullaby of Lillooet (s.p., 1977).\n[BCBW 2018] “First Nations” “Art”\nUnity Bainbridge | In Memoriam\nPosted on December 15, 2017 | Emily Carr News\nWe are sad to announce the passing of one of our most loved and respected alumni, artist Unity Bainbridge, a 1936 graduate of the Vancouver School of Art. We are sharing her obituary, lovingly written by her daughter, Deb Ryan.\nUnity (Bainbridge) Brewster, a long time resident of West Vancouver, passed peacefully in her sleep in the late hours November 30th 2017. Unity was predeceased by her parents, George P. and Deborah Bainbridge, and her sister Ursula Ridgeway. Unity is survived by her daughter Deborah Ryan (Rick), granddaughters Lisa Denton (Caley), Cindy Devlin, grandchildren Isabelle and Emma Denton, Chase and Hudson Devlin. Also left to mourn are sister, Monica Resnick and many nieces and nephews.\nUnity, an early pioneer Canadian artist, was born in Victoria BC on July 6th 1916. Her talent was exhibited as a child and perfected as a student at the Vancouver School of Art (Emily Carr University) from which she graduated in 1936. She felt a kinship with other artists who shared her love of nature. She was a classmate contemporary of Ed Hughes and was influenced by her discussions and visits with “Group of Seven artists Frederik Varley and Lawren Harris.\n“History must be left intact” is a phrase often associated with the work of Unity when one views her work and reads the details of her subjects in her books and the marginalia integral to her art. Unity saw and experienced the mystical magic of the world and always sought to reflect that mysticism in her work.\nUnity never ceased to remind people “We were taught at Art School to always draw from life and strive to do as well as Leonardo. Art is life and life is Art. We would have been expelled if we were found copying. I along with my class mates were taught that you do not paint to sell: you paint because you are passionate about something and to embrace that passion so others can experience it.”\nUnity’s art has been exhibited in galleries, large and small, from the early thirties to the present day. She had her first large one woman show in the early fifties. Her work is in the permanent collection of Buckingham Palace, Canada House, Imperial War Museum, the Diefenbaker Museum, Vancouver Art Gallery, as well as in numerous galleries and homes around the world.\nUnity was always drawn to the Indigenous people. She believed the First Nation traditional culture provides the foundation blocks for creating a healthy, compassionate society possessing respect for the power of nature.\nUnity received many awards over her lifetime including the Province of British Columbia’s highest honour, the Order of British Columbia.\n« Unity Bainbridge (1916-2017)\n#292 What’s OK & not OK in OK »","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line778631"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8403348922729492,"wiki_prob":0.8403348922729492,"text":"Latvia to enter month-long lockdown\nHELSINKI (AP) — Latvia will enter into a nearly monthlong lockdown, including a curfew, on Thursday due to the worsening coronavirus situation in the Baltic country where the vaccination rate is among the lowest in the European Union.\nFollowing an emergency government meeting late Monday, Latvian Prime Minister Krisjanis Karins said that the lockdown from Oct. 21 until Nov. 15 and accompanying drastic measures are needed as the pandemic continues to spread quickly, causing hospital wards to fill up with COVID-19 patients amid scarce health care resources.\nOnly slightly over half of Latvians are now fully vaccinated, and Karins admitted that his government had failed in sufficiently luring citizens to get jabs.\n“There are many people, too many people, who are not vaccinated,” Karins said, as quoted by the Latvian public broadcaster LSM.\nSo far Latvia, a nation of 1.9 million, has recorded some 190,000 confirmed coronavirus cases and nearly 2,900 deaths.\nThe Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia said on Monday that the country’s COVID-19 incidence rate per 100,000 population stands now at 864, currently among the highest in the world.\nA nationwide curfew will be imposed between 8 p.m. and 5 a.m. as of Thursday. Most stores will be closed and indoor and outdoor gatherings, including entertainment, sports and cultural events won’t be allowed.\nKarins and Health Minister Daniels Pavluts apologized for the stringent measures to those Latvians who had already been vaccinated.\n“We, the government and society as a whole, haven’t succeeded in achieving a high enough vaccination coverage. So we must ask you to suspend your lives for several weeks to avoid the worst possible scenario,” Pavluts said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line60104"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9713305830955505,"wiki_prob":0.9713305830955505,"text":"France: Russia is funding Wagner Group mercenaries in Mali\nPARIS (AP) — France on Thursday condemned the Malian transitional authorities’ decision to allow the deployment of the Wagner Group, and accused Moscow of funding the private military company’s use of mercenaries in the West African country.\n“We are aware of the involvement of the Russian government in providing material support to the deployment of the Wagner group in Mali,” the French foreign ministry said in an emailed statement. It called on Russia “to revert to a responsible and constructive behavior” in West Africa.\nMali has struggled to contain an Islamic extremist insurgency since 2012. Extremist rebels were forced from power in the country’s northern cities with the help of a French-led military operation, but they regrouped in the desert and began launching attacks on the Malian army and its allies.\nIn June, Col. Assimi Goita was sworn in as president of a transitional Malian government after carrying out his second coup in nine months. Mali faces increasing isolation from the international community over the junta’s power grab. Elections are due to be held in February, but there are fears they will be delayed.\n“We deeply regret the choice of the Malian transitional authorities to use already scarce public funds to pay foreign mercenaries instead of supporting the Malian Armed Forces,” the French statement said.\nThe Wagner Group has been accused by western governments and United Nations experts of human rights abuses in the Central African Republic and involvement in the conflict in Libya. France and Germany have both objected to the presence of its mercenaries in Mali.\nRussian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov has said that the company has a “legitimate” right to be in the West African nation because it was invited by the transitional government, and he has insisted that the Russian government is not involved.\nTsunami advisory issued for West Coast while Texas deals with high fire danger\nAdalia Rose: Austinite, social media star with rare genetic condition dies at 15","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line74247"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7203612327575684,"wiki_prob":0.27963876724243164,"text":"The Clover Club\nWhen I first started working on this project in 2004, I had a head full of ideas and was working my way through them when in 2013 I was admitted to hospital in a serious condition. Fortunately for me the amazing doctors and staff at Clatterbridge Hospital in the Wirral pulled me through. Not surprisingly after that, my family had a lot to say about the amount of time I was working on Post Racing and the additional time I would be spending on my vision. This caused me to sit back a bit, take stock and look at what I could do once I got back to my desk. I accepted I did far too much, hardly ever took time off and consequently it had taken its toll. I decided to go back to basics last year and the results speak for themselves. Now, however, I am looking at how I can take the vision forward starting in October 2021 without it putting me back into hospital!\nI believe that by working in a different way, the Post Racing Clover Club is achievable and that once you read the rest of this document, you will agree and help to make it happen.\nPRIMARY AIMS AND OBJECTIVES\nMy aim, as always, is to make sure we all feel part of the Post Racing community, back enough winners each year to cover the subscription fees and produce a profit that will ensure the longevity of the community year after year.\nThe Post Racing Clover Club is based on bringing together the equivalent of potentially 1000 members, who will make a one off payment of £1000 each to cover Post Racing Clover Club membership for four years, starting in October 2021.\nUsing the information, ratings and profiling I provide it has been demonstrated that it is more than possible to cover the cost of the four-year subscription fee in one season alone. In the year August 2017- September 2019 enough profit was produced from a bank of £1k to purchase 40 shares. The number of subscribers will determine to what degree the Post Racing Clover Club aims and objectives can be achieved, but those that do subscribe can be assured of having a brilliant journey over the four years.\nTHE NEW PACKAGE\nThe cost for each share for the new four year subscription package as previously stated will be £1,000 and there is no limit to the number of shares you may purchase.\nOriginally the decision had been made not to permit monthly subscriptions because experience tells us that people come and go, returning for just the flat racing season, leaving when the NH racing commences, and vice versa. We have now addressed this and several monthly options for subscription now exist.\nHowever, when you compare what other organisations offer for the money they charge, I believe you will agree that what Post Racing is offering is terrific value for money. Once you have paid for one of these shares there is no more to pay for the next 4 years.\nThe Post Racing Clover Club package is equal to a cost of just under 69p per day across the four years of membership, from October 2021 to October 2025, and I am convinced you will not find anything else to match this simply amazing deal anywhere else.\nNeither will you be asked for any further subscription payments to cover anything else we do during those four years.\nThe Primary Aim target to have the 1000 shares sold before October 2020 would provide an investment of £1 million pounds to kick start Post Racing’s aims and objectives.\nPOST RACING’S CLOVER CLUB\n…….and I am sure that those who sign up for the Post Racing Clover Club will be in “clover”!\nI enjoy everything about Post Racing. My members, other people I meet, the charity work and of course trying to make money from my love of horse racing.\nI hope that is what comes across to you and I appreciate those people who have already put faith in what I do and subscribed to this. I love everything associated with Post Racing and hopefully on many occasions bring good luck to all those associated with it.\nFour words in that paragraph stand out to me: Hope, Faith, Love and Luck.\nIf you Google the meaning of the number 4, you will find a section on the four leaf clover and, symbolically, each of the leaves represents one of those words.\nPost Racing’s Clover Club will symbolise everything about Post Racing.\nAs is the current situation, 10% of all subscriptions will be put aside to be used for good causes. We will continue to support racing charities and other amazing projects such as the Sensory Garden at Clatterbridge Hospital’s Stroke Rehabilitation Unit.\nThe creation of that Sensory Garden in particular was an incredible achievement, thanks to Post Racing subscribers.\nCan you imagine what else we could do with £1,000,000 spread across four years!?\nWe will be able to invite representatives from a number of racing charities that we have previously supported to a racecourse once a year for a day out. This will also enable us to provide an opportunity for some of our members to present a cheque to each of them.\nCan you imagine the good this will do for these charities and ,how you will feel making the presentation on Post Racing’s behalf?\nAs well as racehorse syndication, our aim will be to have horses racing in Post Racing Clover Club silks.\nWe also want to have at least one horse that we can loan to Bob Champion, who rode Aldaniti to win the 1981 Grand National, and donate any prize money won to the racing charities that we support.\nIf we achieve that, members will have the opportunity to be taken to the Grand National meeting on Legends Day…..Grand National Saturday.\nFANTASY HORSE RACING\nThis has been my “baby” for many years and a game was created a few years ago that was superb. Many people, worldwide, joined in but because of the expense of upgrading the website and the necessary coding to bring it up to date, I put it on the backburner.\nConnect, the company I approached about five years ago, were tasked with creating the new game and website and produced a mock up that was simply outstanding. Their work does not come cheap but it is the best.\nThe total cost of developing the specification and producing the game and site itself would have cost in the order of £65k. I said I’d get back to them….they are still waiting.\nIt would have already been done and dusted but for my enforced period out of the game whilst in hospital during which I lost a third of my membership.\nThe aim will be to meet with the heads of the IJF, Greatwood, Racing Welfare and the Bob Champion Cancer Trust, to discuss Post Racing having stand alone games created for them, for which they would obtain sponsored prizes.\nWe will run those games for them free of charge and in addition for those involved, play for some amazing prizes.\nABOUT FANTASY HORSE RACING\nFantasy Horseracing is a cross between Fantasy Football and the old Racing Post Ten to Follow, but with a million whistles and bells.\nA player begins with a budget of £20m and selects a stable of 15 horses with varying values.\nThey will have a maximum of 10 on track, with five remaining in their stables and when their selections race in “real life” they will need to make sure they are placed on the “track”.\nIf they win or place they are awarded points and accumulate the prize money won by those horses in real life.\nThis prize money is added to the player’s “banks” and provides them with an opportunity to “horse trade”.\nWhen new horses come along they will be introduced into the game and given a value.\nThe game will be played seven days a week and a “Weekend only” game option will be introduced so that those unable to play during the whole week will have an opportunity to play the game at the weekend.\nIncluding testing, Post Racing’s Fantasy Horseracing will take about a year to build. The game will be 100% free to play and potentially we will have many 000’s from around the globe playing it.\nThis will be more than a game though and incorporated into the website will be access to a stats database that may provide you with answers to questions that might well prove valuable when it comes to finding winners of horse races.\nRacing Charities will be able to create their own game inside our game and promote it to their existing supporters and potentially new Post Racing members.\nHOW CLOVER CLUB MEMBERS WILL BENEFIT FINANCIALLY FROM FANTASY HORSE RACING\nFantasy Horse Racing will be free to play but monetised in multiple ways to produce a profit, 50% of which will be divided equally between The Clover Club members, the other 50% being divided equally between the charities supported by Post Racing.\nTony provides our football tips together with a very good explanation as to why he is recommending particular bets.\nHis football knowledge and expertise will ensure that we can get some very profitable outcomes from his advice.\nCOMPETITION PRIZES\nIt has always been important to me, to give most of what comes in from my subscribers, back to my subscribers and we have, over the years, provided some absolutely fantastic prizes.\nThe best, for sure, being a year’s membership of the Harry Fry Racing Club, that saw Peter, one of our Scottish based members, become part owner of a Cheltenham Festival winner in UNOWHATIMEANHARRY.\nPost Racing has enabled Members to travel to Paris, for the Arc meeting with all expenses paid, provided all the prizes for the raffle conducted to get the Sensory Garden built and so much more over the years.\nIt’s what makes Post Racing different. Just wait until you see what the prizes will be once we move into 2020.It’s what dreams are made of!\nOne thing I have promised my wife Karen is that I’ll not try to do everything myself. I will most certainly be looking for people to work on Fantasy Horse Racing.\nIt is anticipated that due to the complexity of the build and the level of input and support required, Connect will be contracted to maintain, upgrade and host the Fantasy Horse Racing game. They will also train up those required to work with the dashboard of the Fantasy Horse Racing website.\nI will have someone on board that can take care of any in-house IT issues and I will also be looking to introduce contributors to the website. Their contributions may not essentially be about tipping but simply interesting things for us to read.\nSame as it’s always been. To ensure that you continue enjoying being involved with Post Racing and to do my utmost to make sure you get the best information daily that will enable you to cover your subscription fees, and more.\nMy primary aim at the moment is to try and help anyone interested in the Post Racing Clover Club to be able to get involved.\nIt is also in our interests to get as many of our current and past Post Racing members on board and with that in mind there are a number of options that hopefully will help.\nThese are mainly covered in the following question and answer section.\nQ) WHAT ARE THE PAYMENT OPTIONS?\nA) We have introduced several options, one of which provides Life Membership of the Post Racing Clover Club.\nIf you are happy to make a one off subscription payment of £1000 you will, after October 31st, 2020, never pay another penny to Post Racing.\nFor those fully subscribed by October, you too will become a Life Member.\nMONTHLY OPTIONS\nYou currently have two options.\nYou can opt to make varying payments between now and October (inclusive), to cover your full £1000 subscription fee\n36 x £35\nOptions 2 & 3 provide you with full membership until October, when you will automatically convert to Clover Club membership.\nThese options can be accessed by clicking HERE\nQ) HOW MANY SHARES CAN I BUY?\nA) As many as you wish!\nI myself have already purchased 53 and will most certainly be taking more….I’m in this as much as anyone!\nQ) WHAT HAPPENS AT THE END OF THE FOUR YEARS?\nA) Any syndicated horses owned by the Post Racing Clover Club will be sold. All prize money won and dividends from the sale of those horses will be added together and divided by the total number of Post Racing’s Clover Club shares.\nIf we were lucky enough to have purchased a Derby Winner (let’s keep that dream alive), then we could be looking at prize money close to £1million pounds.\nQ) I CURRENTLY SUBSCRIBE TO ANOTHER PACKAGE AND DON’T WISH TO CHANGE.\nA) Not a problem. Simply retain your current membership package. You will, if you choose, be able to have your own league within the Fantasy Horse Racing Game to play for some outstanding prizes and continue to receive exactly what you receive now by way of information and advice on punting.\nBy October 2020 we would 1000 Post Racing Clover Club shares sold and, with your help, it will be accomplished. By working together we can make all the above happen. I have already started the wheels moving on this.\nIf you require any further information or explanation, please do not hesitate to contact me.\nSUBSCRIPTION METHODS\nThe Post Racing banking details are:\nPAYEE: Post Racing\nREFERENCE: YOURSURNAME/CC\nPlease send cheques made out to Post Racing to:\n8, PRESCOT STREET\nCH45 9JW\nPlease include you e-mail address for confirmation of receipt.\nBob Champion says….","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line932528"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6671178936958313,"wiki_prob":0.3328821063041687,"text":"Saturday morning quotes 6.29: Willaert\nThis week we feature a new video and offer more insights on the music that may be heard on our new recording, Magnum Mysterium, and seen in its companion book of scores. Highlighting the fourth of four settings of the Christmas responsory text, “O magnum mysterium”, we turn to the lute-friendly composer Adrian Willaert (c.1490 – 1562).\nIn addition to his estimable output of sacred music as maestro di cappella at San Marco’s in Venice (1527 – 1562), Willaert composed an ample amount of secular music including French chansons, Italian madrigals and Villanesca alla napolitana. Some of Willaert’s most beguiling madrigals are the settings of texts from the Canzoniere of Francesco Petrarca (1304 – 1374), published in Musica Nova, 1559.\nAmong modern lutenists, Willaert is known for his Intavolatura de li madrigali di Verdelotto da cantare et sonare nel lauto, intavolati per Messer Adriano, published by Scotto in 1536. As the lengthy title indicates, this work consists of madrigals from Verdelot‘s Il primo libro de madrigali, 1533, arranged for solo voice and lute. It is from such historical intabulations that we take inspiration for our own work as we continue to create arrangements of particularly good historical polyphony.\nReturning to the subject of Willaert’s motets:\n“Willaert’s greatest and most enduring compositions are his motets. Out of a provisional total of 175, 79 are for four voices, 51 for five, 38 for six and five for seven or eight voices. The motets enjoyed wide circulation during his lifetime in manuscripts, printed anthologies and a series of influential publications issued by Scotto and Gardano from 1539 on. These publications, which include two books of motets for four voices (1539, repr. 1545), one book for five voices (1539, repr. 1550) and one for six voices (1542), were among the first printed books to focus on the music of a single composer, attesting to the high regard in which Willaert was held at the time.”\n– Michele Fromson, “Adrian Willaert”, Grove Music Online\nAlthough Willaert was very highly regarded in his day, his music is rarely performed today. We aim to rectify this situation in future performances of our vocal ensemble.\n“O magnum mysterium” and its secunda pars, “Ave Maria” (which we have featured in a past post) are from Willaert’s Motecta … liber primus, 4vv, Venice, 1539 (reprinted 1545). Setting the entire Christmas Responsory text, Willaert’s music is sublimely calm and understated, the cantus part almost narrative and descant-like as the lower parts weave and intertwine in leisurely imitation. The work is obviously the result of a thoughtful and deliberate composer aiming to create the perfect music to express the text—no matter how long it may take.\n“Willaert is known to have been a slow worker. His pupil Gioseffo Zarlino writes that he composed in great concentration and without haste. In a letter of 15 March 1534 Ruberto Strozzi, a nobleman resident in Venice, writes to his mentor, the humanist and historian Benedetto Varchi, that he will do all he can to get Willaert to set an epigram to music, but that he can promise nothing, for much patience is required to persuade Willaert to compose.”\n– Ignace Bossuyt, “O socii durate: A Musical Correspondence from the Time of Philip II”, Early Music, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Aug., 1998), p. 441.\nMuch patience indeed. We all know the type who is compelled to try every possible approach to a thing, and its inverse, until the correct solution emerges. But Art cannot by rushed.\nThe quiet beauty of Willaert’s setting is established at the outset with his delicate treatment of the lower voices that tread lightly on tiptoes, following one another in not-quite perfect imitation while whispering among themselves; in awe of the great mystery unfolding before their eyes. The cantus enters midway through the ninth measure with an arcing line that is gently declamatory, the notes expressing the text perfectly right down to the “blue” note that colors the word “mysterium”.\nOur performance of Willaert’s “O magnum mysterium” may be heard on our new recording, Magnum Mysterium, available with a companion edition of scores arranged for voice and lute, with transcriptions of all lute parts in standard notation for harp or keyboard.\nFrom → All posts, CD releases, Cross-pollination, Musings about lute music, New from Mignarda Editions, News & Announcements, On French music, On history, On Italian music, On making ends meet, On marketing & promotion, On musicians, On old music in the 21st century, On part songs, On performing, On poetry, On programming, On recording, On singing, On teaching, On technique, On the musician's life, Saturday morning quotes\nSaturday morning quotes 7.45: Bembo | Unquiet Thoughts\n« Saturday morning quotes 6.30: Intabulation\nSaturday morning quotes 6.28: Turtles and Swans »","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line226380"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6835204362869263,"wiki_prob":0.31647956371307373,"text":"Home American History Halloween History and Origins\nHalloween History and Origins\nAs the masses disguise themselves in ghoulish attire and beg for candy, they should give Halloween meaning by familiarizing themselves with the holiday’s origins.\nHalloween has become one of America’s most favorite holidays. Children and adults participate in fun activities inspired to scare and entertain on Halloween night, celebrated on October 31st. This year, instead of blindly following these rituals of dressing up in ghostly attire and begging for candy door-to-door, participators should educate themselves on the history and origins of this nationally-recognized holiday.\nHalloween’s Beginnings – The Samhain Festival\nCenturies ago, Celtic farmers believed that there was one day a year where the season of life met the season of death. The belief was that malicious spirits could rise on this night and walk amongst the living. Nicholas Rogers, author of Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night states that in Celtic Ireland, this day was referred to as “Samhain” (pronounced “sa-win”), meaning “summer’s end.” This idea turned into a great festival, where Druid priests would gather to determine whether or not their villages would survive the winter and have bountiful harvests the following spring.\nThe Halloween Costume Ritual\nToday, many people know that Halloween institutions include dressing up in creative, scary costumes, but the origins of this ritual remain unfamiliar. At the time of Halloween’s formation, villagers would light a great bonfire and where disguises in order to bewilder and ward off the roaming spirits. Popular costumes today represent a variety of myths and legends including vampires, werewolves, witches, and goblins.\nPope Gregory III, of the 8th century Roman Catholic Church, established “All Hallows Day” on November 1st, designed to honor all saints known and unknown, states history.com in their educational video, “Haunted History of Halloween.” This holiday is now known as “All Saints Day.” This was an attempt to distract pagans’ October 31st festivities. While this new holiday was accepted by the public, they did not see a reason to give up their previous revelries and decided instead to simply change the name to “All Hallows Eve.”\nPotato Famine – Interrupting Puritan Ideals\nThe English Puritans, who had traveled to America, decided to leave many pagan rituals behind, including the “All Hallows Eve” celebration. History.com explains that it was not until a million starving Irishmen set sail for America, during a potato famine in the mid-19th century, that this holiday regained popularity. Some previous rituals were exchanged for the traditions established today. For example, the bonfire was replaced with jack-o-lanterns, originally carved from vegetables, such as the rutabaga and turnip.\nSouling – Modern Day Trick-or-Treating Ritual\nThe trick-or-treating stems from the act known as “souling.” During souling, poor families would go door to door and pray for the dead in exchange for small cakes, as explained by history.com. It was not until the mid-20th century that this holiday was gaining a footing as an American tradition and the term “trick-or-treating” was first seen in print.\nHalloween Today\nFrom its Celtic roots, Halloween has become one of America’s most popular holidays. Children and adults alike will participate in the time-honored traditions of wearing costumes and trick-or-treating, enjoying parties and ghostly galas. Remembering the history of this beloved holiday can add more meaning to the festivities this year.\nRogers, Nicholas. “Samhain and the Celtic Origins of Halloween”. Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.\nHistory.com educational video “Haunted History of Halloween,” narrated by Timothy Dickinson. A&E Television Networks. 1996-2008.\nHistory Bot\nMcCarthy and Stalin – Political Brothers?\nWhy the United States Entered World War I\n123rd Machine Gun Battalion in the Meuse-Argonne\nNorthern Military Advantages in the Civil War\nThe Year Before America Entered the Great War\nCauses of the 1937-1938 Recession","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1511086"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6527600884437561,"wiki_prob":0.3472399115562439,"text":"US National Dams / Find a dam / Jeffrey Kramer Pond Dam\nJeffrey Kramer Pond Dam\nJeffrey Kramer Pond Dam Share Share\nHolmesville, New York\nJeffrey Kramer Pond Dam is an earth dam built on the Tr-Great Brook River and is located in Holmesville, New York. It was built in 1981 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Jeffrey Kramer.\nHolmesville, New York, U.S.\nJeffrey Kramer\nJeffrey Kramer Pond Dam is privately owned by Jeffrey Kramer.\nTr-Great Brook River\nJeffrey Kramer Pond Dam was built in 1981.\nMax discharge 84 cubic feet per second\n84 cubic feet per second\nHollow Dam\nHuehnel Pond Dam\nAutumn Lake Dam\nImperial, Missouri\nAutumn Lake Dam is an earth dam built on the Tributary TO Rock Creek River and is located in Imperial, Missouri. It was built in 1962 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Autumn Lake Devl. Co. It is also known as Autumn Lake Dam.\nLake Windsor Dam\nLake Windsor Dam is an earth dam built on the TR Yahara River and is located in Madison, Wisconsin. It was built in 1969 for the purpose of recreation.\nSettling Pond No. 1 Dam\nPenfield, Pennsylvania\nSettling Pond No. 1 Dam is an earth dam located in Penfield, Pennsylvania. It was built .\nThe dam is privately owned by Penfield Collieries LLC. It is also known as Amdt Impoundment;No. 1 Mine Drainage Treatment Basin.\nTibbals Dam\nHiteman, Iowa\nTibbals Dam is an earth dam built on the Trib TO Cedar Creek River and is located in Hiteman, Iowa. It was built in 2005 .\nThe dam is privately owned by Don Tibbals.\nSaddle Pond Dam\nWoody Creek, Colorado\nSaddle Pond Dam is an earth dam built on the Trentaz Gulch-Os River and is located in Woody Creek, Colorado. It was built in 1988 .\nThe dam is privately owned by Carroll Drive Properties C/O William Ziff.\nArmendaiz Levee Dam\nArmendaiz Levee Dam is an earth dam built on the Off Ch-North Floodway River and is located in Texas. It was built in 1960 for the purpose of irrigation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Lloyd Bentsen ET AL.\nCamp Freedman Pond Dam\nCanaan, Connecticut\nCamp Freedman Pond Dam is an earth dam built on the Housatonic R. Trib River and is located in Canaan, Connecticut. It was built in 1942 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center Inc. It is also known as Camp Freedman Pond.\nBlack Dog Lake Dam\nBurnsville, Minnesota\nBlack Dog Lake Dam is a gravity dam built on the Minnesota River-Tr and is located in Burnsville, Minnesota. It was built in 1953 .\nThe dam is owned by the public utility, Xcel Energy.\nUpper Locust Creek W- 67 Dam\nBrowning, Missouri\nUpper Locust Creek W- 67 Dam is an earth dam built on the Tr-Locust Creek River and is located in Browning, Missouri. It was built in 2000 .\nSanders Pond Dam\nBaltic Community, Alabama\nSanders Pond Dam is an earth dam built on the TR Big Creek River and is located in Baltic Community, Alabama. It was built in 1965 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is owned by the public utility, Ted Sanders.\nBaldhill Dam\nValley City, North Dakota\nBaldhill Dam is built on the Sheyenne River and is located in Valley City, North Dakota. It was built in 1950 .\nThe dam is under federal ownership and is owned by the Cemvp. It is also known as Lake Ashtabula.\nWilliams Lake Control Structure Dam\nWilliams Lake Control Structure Dam is a gravity dam located in Michigan. It was built in 1972 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Oakland County Drain Commissioner.\nSpruance Polishing Dam\nSpruance Polishing Dam is an earth dam built on the Tr-James River and is located in Virginia. It was built .\nThe dam is privately owned by E.I. Dupont DE Nemours & Co., Inc. It is also known as Ash Pond.\nNewberry Lake Dam\nBrasswells Lake Environs, Georgia\nNewberry Lake Dam is an earth dam built on the Unknown River and is located in Brasswells Lake Environs, Georgia. It was built in 1965 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Newberry, S. L.\nSmeallie Dam\nAmsterdam, New York\nSmeallie Dam is a rockfill dam built on the North Chuctanunda Creek River and is located in Amsterdam, New York. It was built in 1974 for the purpose of irrigation.\nDam is an earth dam built on the TR Oakley Creek River and is located in Kansas. It was built in 1972 for the purpose of fire protection / stock / small fish pond.\nThe dam is privately owned by Smith.\nScs-Little Deep Fork Creek Site-40 Dam\nSlick, Oklahoma\nScs-Little Deep Fork Creek Site-40 Dam is an earth dam built on the Morgan CR River and is located in Slick, Oklahoma. It was built in 1960 for the purpose of flood control.\nThe state-owned dam is owned by the Creek CO Cons Dist. The dam used to be known as Scs-Little Deep Fork Creek Site-40.\nSmitherman Millpond Dam\nCapelsie, North Carolina\nSmitherman Millpond Dam is built on the Little River and is located in Capelsie, North Carolina. It was built in 1900 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe dam is privately owned by Tally Lassiter.\nRobinsons Slang Dam\nFerrisburgh, Vermont\nRobinsons Slang Dam is an earth dam built on the East Slang-Tr River and is located in Ferrisburgh, Vermont. It was built in 1956 for the purpose of recreation.\nThe state-owned dam is owned by the State of Vermont - DFW. It is also known as East Slang.\nTopeka, Kansas\nKsnoname 4527 Dam is an earth dam built on the Little Soldier Creek-Tr River and is located in Topeka, Kansas. It was built in 1968 for the purpose of fire protection / stock / small fish pond.\nThe dam is privately owned by Moser. It is also known as Ksnoname 4527.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line398718"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5403884649276733,"wiki_prob":0.5403884649276733,"text":"Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game\nBilly Beane, general manager of MLB's Oakland A's and protagonist of Michael Lewis's Moneyball, had a problem: how to win in the Major Leagues with a budget that's smaller than that of nearly every other team. Conventional wisdom long held that big name, highly athletic hitters and young pitchers with rocket arms were the ticket to success. But Beane and his staff, buoyed Billy Beane, general manager of MLB's Oakland A's and protagonist of Michael Lewis's Moneyball, had a problem: how to win in the Major Leagues with a budget that's smaller than that of nearly every other team. Conventional wisdom long held that big name, highly athletic hitters and young pitchers with rocket arms were the ticket to success. But Beane and his staff, buoyed by massive amounts of carefully interpreted statistical data, believed that wins could be had by more affordable methods such as hitters with high on-base percentage and pitchers who get lots of ground outs. Given this information and a tight budget, Beane defied tradition and his own scouting department to build winning teams of young affordable players and inexpensive castoff veterans. Lewis was in the room with the A's top management as they spent the summer of 2002 adding and subtracting players and he provides outstanding play-by-play. In the June player draft, Beane acquired nearly every prospect he coveted (few of whom were coveted by other teams) and at the July trading deadline he engaged in a tense battle of nerves to acquire a lefty reliever. Besides being one of the most insider accounts ever written about baseball, Moneyball is populated with fascinating characters. We meet Jeremy Brown, an overweight college catcher who most teams project to be a 15th round draft pick (Beane takes him in the first). Sidearm pitcher Chad Bradford is plucked from the White Sox triple-A club to be a key set-up man and catcher Scott Hatteberg is rebuilt as a first baseman. But the most interesting character is Beane himself. A speedy athletic can't-miss prospect who somehow missed, Beane reinvents himself as a front-office guru, relying on players completely unlike, say, Billy Beane. Lewis, one of the top nonfiction writers of his era (Liar's Poker, The New New Thing), offers highly accessible explanations of baseball stats and his roadmap of Beane's economic approach makes Moneyball an appealing reading experience for business people and sports fans alike. --John Moe\n30 review for Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game\nWill Byrnes – Oct 25, 2008\nMichael Lewis - image from Forbes This is one of the best baseball books I have ever read, and that is saying something. Lewis’ focus is on Billy Bean, the GM of the Oakland Athletics. Because Oakland is a small-market team, Bean must use his brain to tease out the players who can help his team, at a reasonable cost. This makes him a sort of anti-Steinbrenner. Lewis goes into some detail on how Bean manages to field competitive teams almost every year under dire fiscal constraints. Must-read for Michael Lewis - image from Forbes This is one of the best baseball books I have ever read, and that is saying something. Lewis’ focus is on Billy Bean, the GM of the Oakland Athletics. Because Oakland is a small-market team, Bean must use his brain to tease out the players who can help his team, at a reasonable cost. This makes him a sort of anti-Steinbrenner. Lewis goes into some detail on how Bean manages to field competitive teams almost every year under dire fiscal constraints. Must-read for any true baseball fan, and a source of hope for fans of small-market teams. The film version was a top-notch interpretation of the book, a lovely surprise. Some other books that deal in baseball analytics in whole or part -----The Inside Game by Keith Law -----Smart Baseball by Keith Law -----The Arm by Jeff Passan 4/13/18 - NY Times - How Do Athletes’ Brains Control Their Movements? - by Zach Schonbrun - Fascinating article. Maybe the next level in the expanding realm of the sort of baseball analysis someone like Billy Bean might employ to get an edge over wealthier franchisesIt would seem to have almost nothing to do with their biceps muscles or fast-twitch fibers or even their vision, which, for most baseball players is largely the same. It would seem to have much more to do with the neural signals that impel our every movement. “It’s like saying people who can speak French very well have a very dexterous tongue,” John Krakauer, a neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins University, told me. “It would be the wrong place to assign the credit.”\nJeffrey Keeten – Feb 24, 2016\n“The pleasure of rooting for Goliath is that you can expect to win. The pleasure of rooting for David is that, while you don’t know what to expect, you stand at least a chance of being inspired.” This book came out in 2003, and the movie version came out in 2011; yet, it is amazing to me that despite the success shown by the Oakland As under the guidance of Billy Beane, baseball, for the most part, is still focusing on the wrong things. Just recently the manager of the New York Mets, Terry Co “The pleasure of rooting for Goliath is that you can expect to win. The pleasure of rooting for David is that, while you don’t know what to expect, you stand at least a chance of being inspired.” This book came out in 2003, and the movie version came out in 2011; yet, it is amazing to me that despite the success shown by the Oakland As under the guidance of Billy Beane, baseball, for the most part, is still focusing on the wrong things. Just recently the manager of the New York Mets, Terry Collins, who commands one of the best teams in the world, said in an interview after the World Series: “I’m not sure how much an old-school guy can add to the game today,’’ Collins told USA Today. “It’s become a young man’s game, especially with all of the technology stuff you’ve got to be involved in. I’m not very good at it. I don’t enjoy it like other people do. I’m not going to sit there today and look at all of these (expletive) numbers and try to predict this guy is going to be a great player. OPS this. OPS that. GPS. LCSs. DSDs. You know who has good numbers? Good (expletive) players.” Terry Collins said: “Shit Happens” at a press conference. Billy Beane must have rolled his eyes. The MLB network show Hot Stove was incensed that Collins would make such a statement in this day and age, especially since they could track several “gut” decisions he made during the World Series that probably cost them a chance to win it. The most glaring error was when he decided to pull the pitcher, Matt Harvey, in the 9th inning of game five only to change his mind and send him back out there after Harvey complained. Collins looked into the player’s eyes and saw what he wanted to see. It was the third time through the order. Harvey had pitched brilliantly, but statistically, that bad word that Collins doesn’t like. When you look at the Royals, they get to pitchers late. The Royals got to Harvey and knocked him out of the game, which left a mess for Jeurys Familia to come into the game to try and save. Royals Win! Eric Hosmer going off the Billy Beane script for success, but man, was it dramatic. I about had a heartattack. The Royals deviate from Billy Beane ball at many junctures. One being the most dramatic play of the series when Eric Hosmer steals home. Beane does not believe in stealing bases, too risky, and if you steal a base on a Billy Beane team, you better make sure you are safe. The Royals also occasionally bunt to move a runner, which doesn’t fit the Beane philosophy. He believes in managing outs and never giving up an out to advance a runner. The Royals have speedy wheels and frequently turn bunts into base hits, which would probably keep them from finding themselves subjugated to a Billy Beane lecture. You can go off script, but just be right. The Royals are a homegrown team. Most of the players have come from the farm club system, although they are a bit too athletic and good looking for a Billy Beane ball club. One of the things that Beane talks about is getting away from players who could sell jeans. He should know; he was one of those players that looked like a Greek God in a uniform. He was drafted in 1980 along with another phenom that even those people who don’t follow baseball probably recognize his name...Darryl Strawberry. Beane was an interesting enough prospect that, for a while, the Mets were even considering taking him in the draft first instead of Strawberry. Both were amazing specimens of what we want athletes to look like. The Mets ended up taking Beane, too, but with the 23rd pick. Beane had all the physical gifts to be successful, but sports is not just about the body; it is about the mind. Billy had a lot of expectations for himself, and those expectations became insecurities that eventually evolved into a gifted player being unable to play the game. Billy Beane on the verge of a stardom that somehow eluded him. He is exactly the player who Billy now tries to avoid. He asked for a job in the As front office, and that began an odyssey in search of those players who were ”ballplayers”, not pretty head cases, not players that hit home runs and created RBIs, but players that could control the strike zone. As he tore apart the As organization, he got rid of the scouts who were still insisting on signing Apolloesque ballplayers and sold off overpriced talent. Ownership wasn’t giving him much money to work with anyway, so instead of buying expensive talent, he had to sell expensive talent and replace it with a motley group of players whom no one else wanted, but who had the one important element he wanted most, OPS (on base plus slugging), i.e. these guys knew how to get on base. These players had a menagerie of interesting things wrong with them that had other clubs looking to get rid of them, which made them perfect for Billy Beane. One pitcher had club feet. They were below average fielders. They were overweight. They threw sidearm pitches. They were older players on their way out. They were players too green for any other team to consider playing them. You can’t win with players like this! Well, maybe you can. Exhibit A: The standings at the end of the season in the American League West in 2002. Wins Losses Games Behind Payroll Oakland 103 59 ---- $41,942,665 Anaheim 99 63 4 $62,757,041 Seattle 93 69 10 $86,084,710 Texas 72 90 31 $106,915,180 Now the interesting thing is notice the payroll compared to the wins. The more money a team spent the fewer games they won. If I had been the Texas Rangers owner, I’d be looking at these results and think to myself, What am I paying for? Baseball is in love with RBIs and Home Runs. They think those are the things about baseball that put butts in seats. As the Royals made their way through the playoffs in the American league in 2015, they encountered two teams that depended on the home run to win ball games. The Royals hit 95 home runs in 2014, which placed them dead last at 30th among major league baseball teams. In 2015, they improved to 139 home runs, but were still 24th in the league. Their opponent in the playoffs in 2015, the Toronto Blue Jays, were 1st in all of major league baseball with 232 home runs. Their other opponent, the Houston Astros, hit 230 home runs and were second in the league for home runs. Jose Bautista hit several dramatic home runs in the playoffs, including the famous bat flip home run, but despite those fence clearing bombs, they were unable to advance in the playoffs. Jacking up home runs might equal playoffs, but it doesn’t seem to equal winning world championships. Even the Mets hit 177 home runs for 9th in the league. They did win the pennant, but still fell short of winning a world championship. To my eye, they are a more complete offensive ballclub than Houston or Toronto and will be contenders again this year, but not because they hit a lot of home runs. So why is major league baseball so reluctant to embrace the philosophy of Moneyball? ”Anti-intellectual resentment is common in all of American life and it has many diverse expressions.” For instance, preferring high school players in the draft over college players, even though statistically college players do better. College athletes have played against stiffer competition. They have honed their skills. They have more reliable stats to give a general manager a better clue to how they will perform at the next level. I admire the Mets. They are a terrific team. I still have a lot of nostalgia for Gary Carter and the Miracle Mets of 1986, and if the Royals hadn’t been playing against them last year, I would have been rooting for them in the World Series. I have to say that Terry Collins’ comments about basically comparing statistics to voodoo was disappointing to me. I don’t mean to pick on Collins, but his comments came after he made several decisions in the face of a pile of data to the contrary that probably cost his team at least a better chance to win the World Series. He is not alone. Baseball is still filled with owners, GMs, and managers who believe that home runs and RBIs are the most important statistics and the best way to win championships. The Royals, after all, are an anomaly, right? It was the same things teams were saying about the As in the early 2000s. I think of all those ballplayers who really know how to play the game, who are stuck in the minor leagues because they hit too many singles or walked too many times, and didn’t launch enough missiles over the back fence. I loved this book because I’m a fan of baseball, but the book had a much bigger impact on me. I started thinking about and applying Billy Beane principles to my own business. We are a company mired in traditions and traditional thinking and long overdue for an overhaul in philosophy to meet new challenges. Like all companies, we need to become more efficient, more lean, more targeted to what wins ball games rather than what creates a big splash. I’m buying copies of this book for the rest of the management staff, and we are going to talk about singles and doubles and managing our outs. Maybe we, too, can get our Royal on. If you wish to see more of my most recent book and movie reviews, visit http://www.jeffreykeeten.com I also have a Facebook blogger page at:https://www.facebook.com/JeffreyKeeten\nBrina – Jul 24, 2012\nI read Moneyball at a time when I wasn't reading too much besides preschool kids books and reread it for the baseball book club I am a part of on good reads. Michael Lewis follows the story of general manager Billy Bean and his 2002 Oakland As, a low budget baseball team that managed to win their division going away. What is remarkable is that Bean built his team focusing on sabermetrics, not home runs and RBIs. He knew he did not have money to compete with the Yankees of the world and assembled I read Moneyball at a time when I wasn't reading too much besides preschool kids books and reread it for the baseball book club I am a part of on good reads. Michael Lewis follows the story of general manager Billy Bean and his 2002 Oakland As, a low budget baseball team that managed to win their division going away. What is remarkable is that Bean built his team focusing on sabermetrics, not home runs and RBIs. He knew he did not have money to compete with the Yankees of the world and assembled a team of Harvard brainiacs to read stats in order to then assemble the best low cost baseball team his money could buy. An amazing thing happened: the As team of damaged players won 20 games in a row on their way to a division title. The east coast establishment took notice and offered Bean a job at season's end. He declined and these years later his heart is still with the As determined to win in their crumbling ballpark with a lower budget team than before. Postscript: teams are focusing on sabermetrics and big budget teams like the Yankees are floundering. The last World Series champion, the Royals. The best two up and coming teams with stocked farm systems who have entire teams of Harvard brainiacs at their disposal running stats: the Cubs and Astros. Even the Yankees are building their team around up and coming players. Sabermetrics is here to stay even if it isn't as fun to watch as a home run. I have tried to read Lewis' other books but did not got get into them because they are about money, not baseball. Maybe I will try again because Lewis writes in a manner that makes his subject accessible to all readers. Highly recommended to all.\nKemper – Apr 19, 2012\nHaving the misfortune of being a Kansas City Royals fan, I thought I’d had any interest in baseball beaten out of me by season after season of humiliation. Plus, the endless debate about the unfairness of large market vs. small market baseball had made my eyes glaze over years ago so I didn’t pay much attention to the Moneyball story until the movie came out last year and caught my interest enough to finally check this out. Despite being a small market team and outspent by tens of millions of dol Having the misfortune of being a Kansas City Royals fan, I thought I’d had any interest in baseball beaten out of me by season after season of humiliation. Plus, the endless debate about the unfairness of large market vs. small market baseball had made my eyes glaze over years ago so I didn’t pay much attention to the Moneyball story until the movie came out last year and caught my interest enough to finally check this out. Despite being a small market team and outspent by tens of millions of dollars by clubs like the Yankees, the Oakland A’s managed to be extremely competitive from 1999 through 2006. They did this when their general manager Billy Beane embraced a new type of baseball statistics called sabermetrics that had been championed by a stat head from Kansas named Bill James. James had pored over box scores and started seriously questioning the traditional ways of measuring the performance of players with his initially self-published digests that eventually became must reads for hardcore baseball nerdlingers. As the digital age made mountains of baseball stats available on-line, fans with a mathematical frame of mind (And there are a lot of them.) started coming up with ways of looking at the data that called the old ways of evaluating players into question. Beane had plenty of reason to distrust the old way of scouting since he had once been identified as a can’t-miss prospect who ended up quitting as a player to take a job in the front office after his career flamed out. By coming up with new ways to grade performance and ignoring things that other teams deemed flaws like being overweight or having a peculiar throwing motion, the A’s went after low dollar high-impact players who made them one of the winningest teams with the lowest payroll in baseball. The sport has always had a weird intersection of nerd and jock, and this story illustrates that dynamic very well as Beane and his staff decided to trust the numbers rather than conventional wisdom. The conflict between the two worlds is a fascinating story, and the brash Beane makes a great focal point. It’s a great book not just for sports fans, but for anyone who likes stories about people trying to shake up an established way of doing things. And if you’re a math geek or have a thing for hard nosed business deals, there’s a lot to like here. By framing the story in terms of the people involved, Lewis keeps it relatable in human terms and not just a dry recitation of on base percentages. The movie is also extremely well done and entertaining (Hence the Oscar nomination for Best Picture.),but the Aaron Sorkin screenplay vastly simplifies the story and Hollywoodizes it to an extreme degree. Still, it’s a great flick for anyone who has a soft spot for stories about underdogs.\nHoward – Jun 07, 2014\nIn honor of the MLB postseason, I am resurrecting a book review that I wrote back in 2009 on another website. I hardly know where to begin in attempting a review of Michael Lewis’ Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game. It isn’t that I don’t think that the book is well written, because it is. It isn’t that I disagree with the conclusions that are reached in the book, because, for the most part, I don’t. What bothers me, as a recovering baseball fanatic, is that I don’t enjoy the game that u In honor of the MLB postseason, I am resurrecting a book review that I wrote back in 2009 on another website. I hardly know where to begin in attempting a review of Michael Lewis’ Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game. It isn’t that I don’t think that the book is well written, because it is. It isn’t that I disagree with the conclusions that are reached in the book, because, for the most part, I don’t. What bothers me, as a recovering baseball fanatic, is that I don’t enjoy the game that utilizes the approaches that are proposed in this book. Moneyball describes how the general manager of the Oakland A’s, Billy Beane, has been able to use sabermetrics (statistical analysis originated by Bill James and others) to more intelligently draft players and win games. According to the proponents of this new approach: 1) offense is more important than pitching; 2) defense hardly matters at all; 3) the most important baseball statistic is on-base percentage, followed by slugging percentage; 4) stealing bases should not be attempted because it is not worth the risk; 5) the same goes for the hit-and-run; 6) never sacrifice because it is not worth giving up the out; 7) scouts are unnecessary; and 8) line-ups and game strategy are dictated to the manager by the general manager and his statistical analysts, making managers almost as unnecessary as scouts. Beane and his statistical guru, and not the scouts, decide who should be drafted. According to Lewis, the most important statistic to Beane and his statistician in determining what position players to draft is the ability of players to draw walks. They look for players (only college players for they never draft high school players) who have exhibited the ability to work deep in the count and to draw walks. I can’t speak for others, but I don’t watch baseball games in order to watch hitters work deep into the count, draw a walk, camp out on the bases until somebody gets an extra-base hit (or two) to drive them home. The strategy utilized by Beane and his proponents may produce a more efficient style of baseball, about that I am in no position to quibble. It may be the only way that a small market team like the Oakland A’s can compete with the deep pockets of the New York Yankees and other large market teams (the ‘unfair game’ mentioned in the book’s subtitle). However, to repeat, I find the emphasis on this approach to result in a game that is much less fun to watch.\nMatt – Mar 01, 2016\n“It breaks your heart,” A. Bartlett Giamatti wrote of baseball in a piece called The Green Fields of the Mind. “It is designed to break your heart.” And so it does, year after year. Baseball, as has often been noted, is a game predicated on failure. The game’s best hitters only succeed in roughly three out of ten at bats. A 162-game season presents a tremendous sample size, which should iron out aberrations; and yet year after year, entire seasons come down to a single bad bounce or mistimed swi “It breaks your heart,” A. Bartlett Giamatti wrote of baseball in a piece called The Green Fields of the Mind. “It is designed to break your heart.” And so it does, year after year. Baseball, as has often been noted, is a game predicated on failure. The game’s best hitters only succeed in roughly three out of ten at bats. A 162-game season presents a tremendous sample size, which should iron out aberrations; and yet year after year, entire seasons come down to a single bad bounce or mistimed swing or hanging curve or missed call. You can spend an entire summer of lazy days drinking beer and cheering for your 100-win team, only to watch them sputter and die in a five-game series in October. It doesn’t seem fair, sometimes. Michael Lewis’s Moneyball is about a man who tried to crack the code, to find the secret to winning an “unfair” game. That man is Billy Beane, the general manager of the small market Oakland Athletics. In 2002, the A’s were coming off a tremendously successful season in which they’d won 102 games. After the season, however, they lost three key free agents, including all-around masher (and later-admitted PED user) Jason Giambi. Beane wanted to replicate his team’s success, but he had to do it on a shoestring budget. Beane’s approach was to find undervalued players with a knack for getting on base. Instead of looking simply at the time-honored statistics of batting average, home runs, and RBIs, he turned to more obscure figures like on base percentage (OBP). He believed that getting on base more-closely correlated to wins than any other metric. The baseball world largely doubted Beane’s sanity. Yet the 2002 A’s ended up winning one more game than their star-heavy 2001 model. Beane’s revolution didn’t result in a championship (for which Beane is often unfairly maligned), but it help change the game of baseball, a sport that is historically resistant to transformation. It’s a testament to the impact of Lewis’s book that the title has become a shorthand of sorts for the entire sabermetric movement that has altered the way players are watched, judged, and paid. Like all of Michael Lewis’s books, Moneyball is addictively readable. Getting my almost-two-year-old to fall asleep every night has become an epic battle of wills. If you leave the room before she is sound asleep, she will hop up in her crib and unleash a sound akin to the war cry of the orcs on the Pelennor Fields. Then, once you get her to sleep, she will randomly wake up screaming as though her Daniel Tiger doll has caught on fire. The only way to ease her into unconsciousness is to sit with her. That’s become my job. I sit with her in a dark room reading with a headlamp. Moneyball proved to be perfect for this task. It is fast paced, perceptive, and filled with memorable character sketches. Lewis has an uncanny knack for making his readers feel smart. He can take complex subjects and boil them down with such ease that you start to feel like you can learn anything. (Of course, one of the knocks on Lewis is that he is an over-simplifier. Perhaps. But that’s better than a needless confuser). Lewis is a gifted storyteller. As such, he tends to find idiosyncratic characters upon which to hang his story. Beane proves to be a good choice. He ia a former ballplayer, a highly touted 5-tool athlete who became a high draft pick and a major bust. It is easy to see how his failures as a player made him eager to find a better rubric for evaluating talent. In Lewis’s hands, Beane is a passionate convert with a bucketful of neuroses, such as an inability to watch the A’s play live. Moneyball is partly Beane’s biography. Beane, however, did not create the sabermetric movement. In this area, he stood on the shoulders of giants math nerds. The godfather of advanced statistics is Bill James, founder of the self-published statistical compilation Baseball Abstract. Lewis rightfully devotes an entire chapter to James and his acolytes, many of whom were hired by various Major League teams. They devised a new model; Beane implemented it. Moneyball was originally published in 2003, and has since been made into a motion picture. It’s interesting to read it now, in light of all that has transpired. When the book first came out, it angered a lot of people in Major League Baseball. There are, it seems, a lot of innumerate luddites in the baseball world who couldn’t stand the way Beane (and others like him) viewed their game. I mean, you got a guy like Dusty Baker – a freaking manager – who doesn’t like walks because they “clog up the bases.” This kind of wrongheaded institutionalized dogma makes it difficult for fresh views to gain traction. The popularity of Moneyball helped bring the stat geeks into the mainstream. Today, advanced statistics are the norm, and even casual baseball articles make reference to wins above replacement (WAR), weighted on-base average (wOBA), and fielding-independent pitching (FIP). Beane isn’t a prophet or really even a pioneer. Other teams were using advanced stats. Beane just staked a lot more on it. He also had a great promoter in Michael Lewis. In some ways, his tactics were pretty rudimentary. For instance, one of the center pieces of Moneyball is Scott Hatteberg’s transition from catcher to first base. Hatteberg was an on-base machine, so Beane plugged him into first base, despite having no experience playing there. Today, with advanced defensive metrics, such a move would be even more suspect than it was at the time. As it turned out, Hatteberg ended up playing decent first base. The point is that Beane’s deprecation of defense now seems rather shortsighted for a value-oriented GM. (He also undervalued the bullpen, which looks especially wrongheaded in the age of ace middle relievers and closers). Many of the players mentioned in the book as Beane favorites never quite panned out (including catcher Jeremy Brown, who plays a large role). This isn’t to say that Beane was wrong in the premises, only that the game of baseball will always remain unfair. The term “moneyball” has outrun its original meaning. Teams like the Red Sox and Cubs that are known for using sabermetrics also happen to have all the money in the world. Small market winners like the Kansas City Royals use a different kind of moneyball, by utilizing young, cost-controlled players, valuing defense, and utilizing outside the box thinking, such as their stocked bullpen which effectively shortens games to 6 innings. (The Royals and their manager Ned Yost did employ one quintessential Beane tactic: refusing to bunt or steal. Yost, of course, was disparaged throughout two playoff runs, right up until the moment he won the World Series. In fact, baseball’s wise men are still griping that the Royals won despite the man, rather than because of him. This is par for the course in baseball). Beane and the A’s have not won a World Series since the publication of Moneyball. As Beane himself admits, his tactics are great for the regular season, but don’t mean squat in the playoffs. That is the nature of baseball and life. You think you have all the time in the world to get things done, and then suddenly you don’t. “The game begins in the spring, when everything else begins again,” A. Bartlett Giamatti wrote. “When you need it most, it stops.”\nJason – Nov 03, 2011\nThis is a good book, but not as good as I thought it was going to be. Sometimes I find technical writing to be a bit repetitive and this definitely leans more toward technical non-fiction than biography (I was hoping for more of a human interest story here)—because even though Billy Beane takes up a large chunk of the story, it isn’t really a story about Billy Bean per se. Moneyball was published in 2003, only a year after John Henry bought the Boston Red Sox. Before that time, very few people in This is a good book, but not as good as I thought it was going to be. Sometimes I find technical writing to be a bit repetitive and this definitely leans more toward technical non-fiction than biography (I was hoping for more of a human interest story here)—because even though Billy Beane takes up a large chunk of the story, it isn’t really a story about Billy Bean per se. Moneyball was published in 2003, only a year after John Henry bought the Boston Red Sox. Before that time, very few people in baseball had ever heard the term sabermetrics, never mind tried to implement it into a strategy for drafting and trading players—very few people, that is, besides Billy Beane. What’s fascinating about Beane is how much he had to struggle against the tide in order to apply the statistical approach of sabermetrics to his managing of the Oakland Athletics. Of course, given the payroll of the A’s in the early 2000s one might argue that he had no choice. But still, he was the first general manager in baseball to attempt it, so his story is unique. But why the struggle? Any baseball fan could tell you how important it is to get on base, that patience at the plate is in fact doubly rewarding as it wears down opposing pitching and draws walks. And walks are huge! They extend an inning by avoiding an out, and they put a man on base which statistically leads to a greater probability of runs scored. The reverse is also true: base stealing attempts and sacrifice bunts are no-no’s in the world of sabermetrics precisely because they have the effect of potentially shortening an inning, leading to a lower probability of runs scored. It is simply not worth the calculated risk to try to advance a base runner. So why were these concepts so difficult for baseball operations managers (besides Beane) to understand? This is essentially what the author investigates here, and the easy answer lies somewhere in the fact that baseball managers are curmudgeons who are used to doing things a certain way and don’t want any smart alec college boy with his pocket protector changin’ the way things ‘er done. Also, Joe Morgan is a buffoon. I think this is basically old news, but I was still pleased to have my suspicions confirmed. So the story here is definitely interesting, but like I said, the argument in favor of a more objective approach to baseball decision-making is something that I already subscribe to (Yeah, Science!), so the argument itself does become rather repetitive. Being a baseball fan, though, there are a few things I did enjoy, specifically Billy Beane trying to steal Kevin Youkilis out from under the noses of the Red Sox brass. At first, even though I obviously knew how things would turn out, I was almost rooting for Beane (who, by the way, was John Henry’s initial choice for managing his new organization), but I quickly checked myself and did a Jersey Shore–style fist pump when Theo Epstein refuses to let himself be outsmarted by that West Coast punk! And now that I’ve read this book, I think I’ll see the movie.\nRiku Sayuj – Oct 25, 2011\nIt was a better story before I knew the whole story. Almost every book on randomness I have read had a reference to Moneyball and I had built up my own version about this story (I had even told a few people that version!) and it imagined everybody doing what Billy Beane was doing, and Billy Beane doing some sort of probability distribution among all players and randomly picking his team, winning emphatically, and thus proving that a truly random pick of players is the equivalent of a true-simula It was a better story before I knew the whole story. Almost every book on randomness I have read had a reference to Moneyball and I had built up my own version about this story (I had even told a few people that version!) and it imagined everybody doing what Billy Beane was doing, and Billy Beane doing some sort of probability distribution among all players and randomly picking his team, winning emphatically, and thus proving that a truly random pick of players is the equivalent of a true-simulation of the market and just like how no considered selection of stock picks can ever outperform the market in the long run, a truly random representation of the baseball market cannot be outperformed by the interventionist methods of other teams over a long season. That is the story I wanted to hear. My apologies to anyone to whom I have spouted this story - it is not true. It is still probable though, when the next radical Billy Beane comes along in sports.\nDiane – Jul 22, 2013\nMichael Lewis hit this one out of the park. I love his writing style -- he is able to explain complex and insider ideas to a layperson, and he makes it interesting. That skill is as valuable to a reporter as a baseball player's on-base percentage was to the Oakland Athletics. The story follows the Oakland A's during the 2002 baseball season, which was when their general manager, Billy Beane, was following a different set of principles for assembling a team than the majority of the league. Beane a Michael Lewis hit this one out of the park. I love his writing style -- he is able to explain complex and insider ideas to a layperson, and he makes it interesting. That skill is as valuable to a reporter as a baseball player's on-base percentage was to the Oakland Athletics. The story follows the Oakland A's during the 2002 baseball season, which was when their general manager, Billy Beane, was following a different set of principles for assembling a team than the majority of the league. Beane and his assistant, Paul DePodesta, were applying sabermetrics, which meant they were looking for players with certain qualities that the rest of the league had undervalued. This was critical because the Oakland A's had very little money -- back then their payroll was about $40 million, compared to the New York Yankees payroll of $126 million. The stats Beane and DePodesta were most interested in were a player's on-base percentage and slugging percentage. The A's experiment worked and the team had a historical 20-game winning streak and made it to the playoffs. By now, the A's analytical tactics have widely been adopted by Major League Baseball, but back in 2002, the strategy was mocked by almost everyone inside the league. In addition to explaining baseball stats, Lewis makes the story more compelling by bringing in sports psychology, game theory and sharing the stories of statistician Bill James, Beane, and a few key players. Beane had himself played in the major leagues, but he lacked the skills to be a consistent hitter. Beane was recruited out of high school and had to decide between a pro-baseball contract or going to Stanford. \"I made one decision based on money in my life -- when I signed with the Mets rather than go to Stanford -- and I promised I'd never do it again.\" After several disappointing seasons as a player, Beane decided he would rather be a scout, and quit playing to work his way up in the A's front office. Another interesting story was that of A's first baseman Scott Hatteberg. Hatte had been a catcher for the Boston Red Sox, but after suffering nerve damage in his elbow, he could never catch again. Beane and DePodesta saw in him the potential to be a good hitter and trained him to play first base. One of my favorite chapters in the book was about Hatte and how thoughtful he was about his hitting. In a great scene, he's in the team's video room watching footage of pitcher Jamie Moyer, who Hatte will be facing later that day. Moyer was a tough pitcher and Hatte was trying to figure out a strategy. \"Moyer was one of the few pitchers in baseball who would think about Scott Hatteberg as much as Hatteberg thought about him. Moyer would know that Hatteberg never swung at the first pitch -- except to keep a pitcher honest -- and so Moyer might just throw a first-pitch strike. But Moyer would also know that Hatteberg knew that Moyer knew. Which brought Hatteberg back to square one. He was knee-deep in game theory, and he had only an hour before he had to play the game.\" I would highly recommend this book to baseball fans, even if they've seen the movie version, because the book is more in-depth and has great stories that didn't make it into the film. I think readers who like stories about underdogs would also enjoy it, because it shows how a poor team was able to change the institution of baseball.\nDavid Rubenstein – Mar 29, 2017\nFor the most part, the is a fun book to read about the general manager of the Oakland Athletics baseball team. The first half of the book was very enjoyable. Toward the end, though, it became a bit repetitive. It's not that the author repeats himself--he does not. It's just that the stories about hiring and trading for good baseball players started to sound all the same after a while. Billy Beane was the general manager during the late 1980's, early 1990's. His team was one of the poorest in the For the most part, the is a fun book to read about the general manager of the Oakland Athletics baseball team. The first half of the book was very enjoyable. Toward the end, though, it became a bit repetitive. It's not that the author repeats himself--he does not. It's just that the stories about hiring and trading for good baseball players started to sound all the same after a while. Billy Beane was the general manager during the late 1980's, early 1990's. His team was one of the poorest in the league, so he found it necessary to do things differently than other teams. He could not afford to pay top dollar for new recruits. So, when it came to recruiting and hiring new players, he decided not to strictly follow the advice of his died-in-the-wool scouts. He often ignored their advice, and listened to the advice of his assistant, Paul Depodesta. Paul was an economist, and used sabermetric principles in making up his recommendations. That is to say, he combined data with statistical approaches, and uncovered many correlations and relationships that gave Billy Beane a better idea of the relative values of players. Whereas many general managers listened to their scouts' advice, they would often judge a player not by their playing ability, but by a set of factors; speed, hitting, fielding--and even by their body type, appearance and mannerisms. But, to Billy Beane and Paul Depodesta, one really counts is the data-based evidenced that a player could get himself on base, which is highly correlated with the number of runs scored. And, since the team was starved for cash, Billy Beane often resorted to wily negotiations with the general managers of other teams. He could not express his interest in another team's player too openly, because that would tip off others about the high value he placed on that player. So, this book is not only about the use of statistics in putting together a superior baseball team, it is also about the art of negotiation, and the wily craftiness involved in getting good deals. The book describes some very interesting characters. And, it is also about the psychology behind coaching players, and hyping up their self-confidence. I didn't read this book; I listened to the audiobook. It is narrated by Scott Brick. While I have listened to many thrillers narrated with great drama by Brick, this book is not a thriller. Brick's tendency to over-dramatize seems a bit over-the-top for a book of this sort. He should have toned it down some\nJay Schutt – Apr 26, 2019\nThis just didn't wow me like I thought it would. I guess I just like the play on the field better than the behind-the-scenes action. This just didn't wow me like I thought it would. I guess I just like the play on the field better than the behind-the-scenes action.\nJokoloyo – Feb 01, 2018\nThe major taxing of this book is not the baseball terms, but there are so many people appeared in the book, and the similarities in names are not helping. For example, the main protagonist is Billy Beane, and there is another important character whose name is Billy James. That's my only concern when reading this book. Some people maybe not comfortable with the writing style in this book, jumping from one subject to another without smooth main story. I am not a professional baseball fan although I The major taxing of this book is not the baseball terms, but there are so many people appeared in the book, and the similarities in names are not helping. For example, the main protagonist is Billy Beane, and there is another important character whose name is Billy James. That's my only concern when reading this book. Some people maybe not comfortable with the writing style in this book, jumping from one subject to another without smooth main story. I am not a professional baseball fan although I enjoy reading some Japanese high school baseball manga. Pardon my approach, I read this book as if I read a fantasy novel where I don't know the setting or magic system of the story. And there is magic in this story, called sabermetrics. But as in any good fantasy story, the magic system is one aspect, but a good fantasy story still needs a good plot. The plot is: how the second lowest payroll team could become the team with the highest number of win in American League West in 2002. If the answer is simple \"by using sabermetrics\", there won't be necessary to write such a thick book. No worry, Billy Beane still had a lot of to do although he was supported by sabermetrics mages behind him. I admit the author could delivery the story in interesting way, sometimes I forget this is a non fiction book. When I check other sources for cross reference, some things don't developed as in fairy tales that I imagine after reading this book.\nLeft Coast Justin – Dec 24, 2021\nMichael Lewis and greatness finally intersect. They have orbited around each other for years before this book arrived. The story is narrow in scope, discussing a baseball team. Or more narrowly, discussing the general manager (i.e., the person responsible for hiring and firing players and coaches) who doesn't have enough money to hire new players. Or even more narrowly, how this manager realized he could never win using the traditional tools of the trade, so he cobbled together a new toolset and Michael Lewis and greatness finally intersect. They have orbited around each other for years before this book arrived. The story is narrow in scope, discussing a baseball team. Or more narrowly, discussing the general manager (i.e., the person responsible for hiring and firing players and coaches) who doesn't have enough money to hire new players. Or even more narrowly, how this manager realized he could never win using the traditional tools of the trade, so he cobbled together a new toolset and changed the game forever. The more narrowly the books is defined, the more universal the message, oddly enough. Cobbling together a new toolset, for example, is exactly what Isaac Newton did back in the late 1600's when he invented calculus to help him explain why falling apples and orbiting planets were actually two manifestations of the same force. Innovators are rarely appreciated by the people they work with, and Billy Beane (the topic of this book) was no exception. Lewis, an author given to hagiography, here produces a much more complex portrait of an inspiring figure, and in so doing has written the best book about competition I've ever read.\nAshley – Jun 01, 2019\nSmart people who think outside the box are so much fun to read about. I read this book really fast, and it was enjoyable to read the whole way through. I've never read a Michael Lewis book before, but I might consider reading more now. He has a simple, clean style that is really efficient at getting his story across, and he has an instinct for the best way to use his material. And he has some great underlying material here. As he notes in the Afterword (which is really great, so if you're going t Smart people who think outside the box are so much fun to read about. I read this book really fast, and it was enjoyable to read the whole way through. I've never read a Michael Lewis book before, but I might consider reading more now. He has a simple, clean style that is really efficient at getting his story across, and he has an instinct for the best way to use his material. And he has some great underlying material here. As he notes in the Afterword (which is really great, so if you're going to read this book, make sure you track down a newer copy that has it included), he didn't set out to write a book about the Oakland A's with GM Billy Beane at its center, that's just where the research took him. That's where the answer to his initial question was centered, which was all about how the monetary inequalities between baseball teams affected economic efficiency. How could a team like the Oakland A's, with a budget of only approximately $10M to spend on players salaries, hope to compete against say, the New York Yankees, who were shelling out closer to $130M? And yet they were! What follows is a book that can basically be summed up, as the author puts it, \"when reason collides with baseball\". It boggles my mind how stubborn and shortsighted humans can be. This book only reinforces my view that people who are capable of adaptation and change, of admitting they are wrong instead of blindly adhering to something just because \"that's the way it's always been\", are extremely valuable in every aspect of life, not just running baseball teams. Highly recommend this one. [4.5 stars] Read Harder Challenge: A business book.\nCaroline – Apr 30, 2008\nA couple cons: The writing’s a little heavy-handed in places, which might just be a hazard of writing about baseball. Ex: “The batter’s box was a cage designed to crush his spirit.” Plus, as a poet, I always feel guilty reading books like this when I could/should be reading Proust or Shakespeare… But: Overall, I really enjoyed Moneyball, and I’m glad I read it. Even though it’s focused on the emergence of new baseball-thinking, Moneyball seems much more comprehensive, and much more narrative than A couple cons: The writing’s a little heavy-handed in places, which might just be a hazard of writing about baseball. Ex: “The batter’s box was a cage designed to crush his spirit.” Plus, as a poet, I always feel guilty reading books like this when I could/should be reading Proust or Shakespeare… But: Overall, I really enjoyed Moneyball, and I’m glad I read it. Even though it’s focused on the emergence of new baseball-thinking, Moneyball seems much more comprehensive, and much more narrative than I expected. Essentially, Lewis tells the story of a new way of thinking about baseball. Bill James, this smartypants non-athletic geek, challenges the traditional way of thinking about baseball, subverting “the foolishness of many conventional baseball strategies.” With the most pitiful bank account in the AL West, Oakland A’s listen to James, apply his theories, and improve exponentially. “Conventional baseball strategies” includes such nonsense as: discouraging plate discipline, encouraging recklessness, and pooh-poohing walks ( I’m still shocked to know that drawing walks used to be, and sometimes still is, considered a failed at-bat). Anyway, James, The A’s, and now the Red Sox, operate—thrive—by challenging conventional thinking and looking for ways to locate and manipulate inefficiencies in the baseball market. They rely on stuff like logic and math to evaluate performance, rather than the good-ole’ traditional scouting system (drafting/evaluation based on non-quantifiable qualities like hunches, scout observation, the player’s “presence”). Although there’s still some problems about what this actually means and how to implement or manipulate stats, it’s clear to me that math and logic beats out chutzpah. Things about Moneyball I particularly enjoyed, and think you will too: --Anytime Lewis discusses the language of baseball. (BTW, for an awesome book about baseball language and signs, read Dickson’s The Hidden Language of Baseball). --Issues of the value of and tensions between emotional and intellectual intelligence, or lack thereof, in baseball—Lewis tell of scouts ranking a player with “personal problems,” such as psychological issues and jail records on the same plane as a player who’s “too smart”(!). Then he writes: “Physical gifts required to play pro ball were…less extraordinary than the mental ones. Only a psychological freak could approach a 100mph fastball aimed not all that far from his head without total confidence.” (I like thinking about this when I watch games now.) --Even though Billy Beane’s sort of the *star* of the story, I found Bill James’s, Chad Bradford’s and Scott Hatteberg’s stories especially, surprisingly, endearing. --Challenges to unchecked tradition, which basically run through the whole book. This includes questioning insider baseball journalists, talking heads, Bud Selig, Joe Morgan & co. What can I say?—-Selig & Morgan might not actually care about Lewis’s jabs at them...but reading them does kinda fill me with glee.\nShane – Apr 22, 2008\nMoneyball is a book that shook the world of professional baseball, but not necessarily in the way it should have. Let me explain... Moneyball is framed around the story of Billy Beane, a hot prospect who never panned out in the majors, who became general manager of the Oakland A's in 1997. Since that time, the A's, while consistently having one of the lowest payrolls in baseball, have been one of the best teams in the game. How is this possible? The book details how Beane and a few trusted associ Moneyball is a book that shook the world of professional baseball, but not necessarily in the way it should have. Let me explain... Moneyball is framed around the story of Billy Beane, a hot prospect who never panned out in the majors, who became general manager of the Oakland A's in 1997. Since that time, the A's, while consistently having one of the lowest payrolls in baseball, have been one of the best teams in the game. How is this possible? The book details how Beane and a few trusted associates began looking at the game in a different way. Instead of trusting scouting intuition and traditional baseball thinking, the A's began focusing on particular assets of players that were being undervalued by other teams. In this way, they were able to build winning teams using players that were overlooked or discarded by wealthier or less skilled organizations. While straightforward statistical analysis is interesting enough to me (see my review of Baseball Between The Numbers), where Moneyball shines is it's more detailed investigations into the development of statistical analysis in baseball, and some of the individual players who made up the A's successful 2002 squad. It is these investigations that give the Beane storyline depth and character, and add credence to the statistical analysis strategies the A's employed. I also appreciated the way Lewis outlines the response FROM the baseball community to the release of Moneyball, which is included in the later paperback edition. This even more firmly establishes the view that most baseball organizations are wasteful and subjective in their approach to analyzing the game they spend hundreds of millions to play. However, Moneyball also explains how teams such as the Toronto Blue Jays and, more impressively due to their two World Series wins in 3 years, Boston Red Sox have hired statistically-minded and data-crunching GM's to run their organizations - showing that the future will perhaps indeed have on base and slugging percantage be our primary focus rather than batting average and RBIs. Not if Joe Morgan has anything to do with it, though.\nAshley Marie – Oct 05, 2016\nReally enjoyed this, partly because reading a baseball book in October when your team is in the playoffs gives you a great high and partly because I was surprisingly and honestly fascinated by the science of sabermetrics. Science and math have never been my strong points, but like Jurassic Park or The Martian, I was nevertheless intrigued. Coupled with the handful of recognizable players scattered through the book, I had a good time with this one. I also remember seeing the film a few years ago; Really enjoyed this, partly because reading a baseball book in October when your team is in the playoffs gives you a great high and partly because I was surprisingly and honestly fascinated by the science of sabermetrics. Science and math have never been my strong points, but like Jurassic Park or The Martian, I was nevertheless intrigued. Coupled with the handful of recognizable players scattered through the book, I had a good time with this one. I also remember seeing the film a few years ago; gotta watch it again. It's not nearly as accurate to the book as it should be, but that's an adaptation for you. October 2016 Baseball Book Club group read\nJoy D – Mar 02, 2020\nNon-fiction about how Oakland A’s General Manager Billy Beane used sabermetrics to develop winning baseball team at less expense than the wealthier teams in the industry. Published in 2003, we can see much of Beane’s philosophy being practiced now throughout the game. There are fewer sacrifices, hit & runs, and steals, and more emphasis on walks and reliance on statistical probabilities in making decisions. On base percentage plus slugging has upstaged the traditional measurements of RBIs, runs Non-fiction about how Oakland A’s General Manager Billy Beane used sabermetrics to develop winning baseball team at less expense than the wealthier teams in the industry. Published in 2003, we can see much of Beane’s philosophy being practiced now throughout the game. There are fewer sacrifices, hit & runs, and steals, and more emphasis on walks and reliance on statistical probabilities in making decisions. On base percentage plus slugging has upstaged the traditional measurements of RBIs, runs scored, and batting average. The book is part biography of Billy Beane, part homage to Bill James (the father of sabermetrics), part explanation of the (at the time) unorthodox strategies employed by the A’s, and part a case study in resistance to change. Personal stories of a few A’s players are also included. In 2002, the baseball season covered in this book, the A’s won 102 games and finished first in their division. Lewis has strong opinions about the effectiveness of past methods, and makes no bones about criticizing scouts, managers, general managers, and pretty much anyone that disagrees with him. This can, at times, be grating, as the former regime has certainly had successes in developing star players. Of course, most of this work occurred prior to the computing age, so they did not have the same tools, and, therefore, it is not a level playing field (pun intended) by which to judge. I did not see the need to come down so hard on some individuals, who are hard-working baseball people with good intentions. Moneyball is written such that a person does not need any in-depth knowledge of statistics, as the author explains the mathematics in a straight-forward manner, possibly over-simplifying to reach a wider audience. With the benefit of hindsight, it is obvious that baseball has adopted some of the concepts put forth in this book, such as drafting college players more frequently than those in high school and establishing an Analytics Department to evaluate the numbers. This book will appeal to those interested in the history of baseball or the application of statistical methods to the game. It is a good example of “out of the box” thinking. It will be interesting to see what is next in the drive to gain a competitive advantage now that “analyzing the numbers” is more widely embraced.\nRossdavidh – Sep 10, 2021\nIn nearly everyone's mind, for any topic which they care about at all, there is a mental model. Not, generally, a probabilistic population of models, but rather, one model: The Way This Thing Is. It may be how the economy works, it may be how politics works, it may be how romance works (or fails to). Whatever it is that a person needs to have an opinion on, because it impacts their life and they must deal with it (which means they must have a strategy for dealing with it), people have a mental m In nearly everyone's mind, for any topic which they care about at all, there is a mental model. Not, generally, a probabilistic population of models, but rather, one model: The Way This Thing Is. It may be how the economy works, it may be how politics works, it may be how romance works (or fails to). Whatever it is that a person needs to have an opinion on, because it impacts their life and they must deal with it (which means they must have a strategy for dealing with it), people have a mental model of how that thing works that they use to decide what to do. It is always, in every case and for every person, at best, incomplete. As the saying goes, \"all models are false; some models are useful.\" Small wonder, then, that from time to time people come across evidence that their model is wrong. Even in fields such as war which have been analyzed from time immemorial, by people whose life depended on it, new things are discovered. For most of us, whose professions are considerably newer than that of the warrior, not only do changes upend our profession, but the old models of how things worked may not ever have been that good in the first place. It takes time for a profession to discover what works and what does not; my own current profession of software development has certainly not sorted this out yet. But when this happens, when a new mental model of How This Works comes along, there are at least a generation of people who have deep investment in the old mental model, who will be deeply resistant to any attempt to change the consensus on How This Works. This is because it would render their years (or decades) of accumulated knowledge suddenly less valuable. In many fields, this resistance is enough to prevent any change to the orthodoxy, whereas in others, there is some objective method of determining whose mental model is most correct. In no field, not science and not warfare and certainly not economics, is this testing more rigorous than in professional sports. Every other expert in the field may disagree with you, and yet your strategy and theirs, when matched against each other in full public view, may declare yours the winner. This book, is the story of how one paradigm was overthrown, and a new one came to replace it. If you enjoy watching the sport of baseball, it will likely add an extra layer of interest to the story for you, but I am guessing that it is by no means necessary, because this is not at its most fundamental level a story about baseball, per se. It is the story of how an intellectual orthodoxy can resist change for years (decades), and then can be shaken and overthrown by events. Billy Beane was, we are led to believe, able to see through the common orthodoxy about what makes a great baseball player, because he was not one, and yet everyone he met in his life for years thought that he would be. While possessed of great physical talent, and obviously a keen intellect (he had been accepted to Stanford University before choosing to play baseball instead), he was unable to perform well at the professional level. Not merely in spite of this failure, but perhaps because of it, he went on to become one of the most consequential managers in the history of baseball. His fundamental insight, the foundation for all of the rest, was that Looks Are Deceiving. He turned to a succession of ever-more-nerdy sources of statistical analysis to tell him what really mattered in a player. In many ways, he was looking for players who were the antithesis of his younger self. If they were a bit chubby, or slow, or old (by the standards of professional baseball), or otherwise failed to live up to the Olympian ideal of American baseball, but they nonetheless could get the job done, then Billy Beane wanted them on his team. If they got the job done, but not in the usual way (e.g. getting a walk rather than a hit, which nonetheless got you to first base), he wanted them on his team. The principal motivation for this unorthodoxy, was that he was manager for a team, the Oakland A's, which had far less money than its competitors. Unlike many other professional sports leagues, professional baseball teams each were free to spend as much as they wanted on player salaries. This meant that, for example, the New York Yankees could spend several times the money that the Oakland A's could, on getting the best players. It was as if they were competing in a pole vault in which different players were able to use poles of different lengths, depending on how much pole length they could afford. Because he was never going to be able to outbid the richer teams for the players which those rich teams wanted, Billy Beane was forced to find ways to get players which the rich teams didn't want, that were nonetheless just as good at winning games. This meant, that he had to have a better mental model than they did, for what it is that makes a player good. I don't watch much baseball anymore, but as a youth I did watch many St. Louis Cardinals games with my dad, and enjoyed it. The game has a pace slow enough to encourage discussion, debate, and even prediction. Do you think he's going to try to steal a base? Do you think he's going to pitch him inside? Do you think they'll do a hit-and-run? There is enough time for those watching the game to guess what is happening, or what should happen, and enough of a pause afterwards to discuss it before the next play begins. You don't just have time to say \"Yay!\" or \"Oh no!\"; you also have time to say \"Why didn't he...?\" It's not as if it is a purely intellectual exercise, but more than many sports it is tailored well for intellectual analysis. For over a century now, people have been recording what happened, analyzing it, and debating it. In this sense, baseball was uniquely prepared for someone such as Billy Beane to disrupt it, by mining the data of all that history instead of relying on whether a scout liked the young fellow's physique (\"we're not selling blue jeans here,\" he liked to say). But in a larger sense, Moneyball is a great symbol of what has happened to our entire world, with one exception: here, it is the little guy, without huge piles of money, who has the data. Because if it had been, say, the New York Yankees who had first tried to use the power of data and analysis to crush all resistance, they could have been the Facebook, Google, or Amazon. Or, to look at it another way, this is a world where those companies were kept forever small and hungry, knocking down the walls around privilege instead of erecting new ones around their own fortresses. It can also be seen as a story of what happened when science overthrew religion in the heart of Europe, or what happened when medical knowledge started to come from double-blind trials instead of the wisdom of the ancients. There are a lot of different ways to see the quixotic quest of a small-market team in a poor city, trying to compete with the teams of larger, wealthier cities. And it can also, of course, be read as a story about baseball. Either way, it is a great read.\nScott Rhee – Mar 23, 2016\nAs a writer, Michael Lewis has that amazing ability to write about one thing but actually be writing about something else entirely. Sometimes it’s meanings within meanings, and it often requires a deeper read between the lines. “Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game” is, ostensibly, about the economics of baseball, how baseball can be looked at as a financial microcosm of the real world: the wealth inequalities between major league teams and how rich teams tend to win many more games than As a writer, Michael Lewis has that amazing ability to write about one thing but actually be writing about something else entirely. Sometimes it’s meanings within meanings, and it often requires a deeper read between the lines. “Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game” is, ostensibly, about the economics of baseball, how baseball can be looked at as a financial microcosm of the real world: the wealth inequalities between major league teams and how rich teams tend to win many more games than poor teams and why that is. Insofar as any book ever written about baseball is never actually about baseball, one can still enjoy “Moneyball” as a basic underdog story, and it has the distinction of being that rare literary beast of an underdog story: a true one. But it’s even more than a metaphorical look at the unfairness of how our economic system works. Going deeper, it’s actually about our 21st-century disinterest in and---more worrisome---inexplicable discouragement of innovative “out-of-the-box” thinking, perhaps because true “out-of-the-box” thinking has the perception of being counterintuitive and diametrically opposed to everything we’ve been taught. In 2002, Billy Beane, the general manager of the Oakland A’s, decided to do something so radical as to have the appearance of utter insanity. Rather than listen to his talent scouts---seasoned veterans of the sport and guys who could recognize real talent---in regards to picking players for the upcoming season roster, Beane chose to listen to his assistant Paul DePodesta, an economics graduate from Harvard with a laptop always at the ready. Beane’s theory was this: picking players based on an outdated and somewhat mystifying and undefined je ne sais quoi of inherent talent was too subjective to be reliable, and, not only that, it simply didn’t work. How did he know this? Beane was living proof that it didn’t work. By all rights, according to the talent scouts, Beane should have been one of the sport’s all-time best players ever. He hit all the markers: running, catching, hitting, throwing, looks. In 1980, fresh out of high school, he was signed by the New York Mets. Everyone knew, absolutely, that Beane was going to go places. Everyone, of course, except Beane. The truth was, Beane’s heart wasn’t in it. If any of the myriad of scouts had asked him what he really wanted to do---go to college, for one---his life may have been drastically different. Unfortunately, Beane’s baseball career was a series of trades to teams who didn’t know what to do with a decent player who didn’t really want to be there. As General Manager, Beane decided in 2002 that doing it the old-fashioned way just wasn’t cutting it. There had to be a better way. Enter DePodesta. Like Beane, DePodesta loved baseball but saw that the sport was growing stagnant and major changes needed to be made, even changes that might initially seem destructive but would, in the long term, be better overall for the sport. One of the changes was the way baseball statistics were being used. Basing their new philosophy on the writings of historian and statistician (and baseball lover) Bill James, Beane and DePodesta looked at the stats of the players in a way that most people didn’t. Most of the stats that scouts looked at were irrelevant, and scouts often overlooked more important stats. In a nutshell, Beane and DePodesta were looking for a player to do one thing: ensure a win. The team that Beane/DePodesta picked looked, on the face of it, like a nightmare of rookies, has-beens, and never-wases. At one point, someone referred to the 2002 Oakland A’s roster as “the island of misfit toys”, and to most people it was an appropriate moniker. As the season opened, the Oakland A’s lost every single game they played for the first two weeks. Then, something interesting started happening. They started winning games. It bumped their standing up from dead last in the league to, well, second to last. But it was something. Then, something even more interesting started to happen. They started winning more games, until, at one point, they had a 19 game winning streak that didn’t appear to let up. Sadly, the A’s lost in the postseason against the Minnesota Twins, and while their success to that point was something incredible, many of Beane’s naysayers pointed to the postseason loss as an “I told you so” moment, negating everything Beane was trying to do. Clearly, he was a failure, and his ideas were hokum. Except, he wasn’t, and they weren’t. Since 2002, more teams have begun adopting the same philosophy and methods that Beane used for his team, to great success. Indeed, the Boston Red Sox (a team that offered Beane a $12.5 million salary to be general manager, an offer that he turned down) won the 2004 World Series utilizing the same metrics and philosophies pioneered by Beane. Clearly, many people in baseball were changing their minds about Beane’s ideas: they weren’t hokum. While Lewis’s book may seem like it might be a dry look at numbers that won’t interest anyone other than people who are die-hard baseball fans, it is anything but dry. Besides being beautifully written, Lewis never forgets the human element---the “romantic” side---of baseball in his characterizations of an ensemble cast of fascinating, flawed, and idiosyncratic people. He also knows what makes for an exciting baseball underdog story, ending the book with the climactic tension-filled now-famous early-September game against the Kansas City Royals, where the A’s, starting off with an 11-0 lead, slowly began to lose the lead until the final inning, a score of 11-11. This was the game that would have either broken their 19-game winning streak or continued on to a 20-game streak. It was a nail-biter of a game, and Lewis captures it brilliantly on the page. Beneath all the baseball and the economic theory, though, Lewis is telling another story about the American people, one that isn’t very pretty. According to Lewis, people like Beane---idea people, outliers with highly innovative new ways of doing things---must fight their way past almost-unstoppable barriers of ignorance, anti-intellectalism, and traditionalism. Sometimes people like Beane never get heard. For every Beane, Steve Jobs, or Bernie Sanders, there are countless millions who may have had revolutionary ways of changing health care, education, the economy, the environment, etc. who simply gave up trying. There is the secret tragedy that hides behind the upbeat and optimistic pages of “Moneyball”. It is a tragedy, I think, that Lewis hopes to avert in the future by telling Beane’s amazing story.\nJason – Sep 06, 2008\nI fucking hate watching sports. Hate it. Then how is it that this book, about applying pertinent statistical analyis to creating baseball teams and playing basesball, so captivated me? It's a testament to a) the skill of the author, Michael Lewis, but also b) the unequivocal appeal of the underlying story: how hard it is to change the status quo (and how one can succeed despite that) and the man Lewis profiles, Billy Beane. A fantastic narrative for fans of spectator sports or folks like me who'd I fucking hate watching sports. Hate it. Then how is it that this book, about applying pertinent statistical analyis to creating baseball teams and playing basesball, so captivated me? It's a testament to a) the skill of the author, Michael Lewis, but also b) the unequivocal appeal of the underlying story: how hard it is to change the status quo (and how one can succeed despite that) and the man Lewis profiles, Billy Beane. A fantastic narrative for fans of spectator sports or folks like me who'd rather clean a toilet bowl with his tongue than watch a ball game.\nDonald Powell – Jun 11, 2020\nThis was a fun book I had on a list for a long time. The author has challenged America's Pastime with the modern world. This is the fourth book I have read from Mr. Lewis. He is a master at finding, explaining and making interesting the way technology and mathematics wrenches us into this current, new world. He has an \"Afterword\" in the edition I read which was laugh inducing and quite fun. This was a fun book I had on a list for a long time. The author has challenged America's Pastime with the modern world. This is the fourth book I have read from Mr. Lewis. He is a master at finding, explaining and making interesting the way technology and mathematics wrenches us into this current, new world. He has an \"Afterword\" in the edition I read which was laugh inducing and quite fun.\nNooilforpacifists – Nov 27, 2013\nSimultaneously among the top 10 sports books and the top 10 economics books. Without Lewis's typical Princetonian smugness. Simultaneously among the top 10 sports books and the top 10 economics books. Without Lewis's typical Princetonian smugness.\nGwen (The Gwendolyn Reading Method) – Oct 30, 2016\nA wee bit all over the place and rambling but more than made up for by the fascinating subject matter.\nRJ - Slayer of Trolls – Apr 02, 2020\n\"I was writing a book about the collision of reason and baseball.\" - Michael Lewis Moneyball has become the modern-day shorthand term for a perceived over-reliance on statistical data by a given baseball manager, front office, or franchise. Critics point out that, since Billy Beane took over as General Manager and implemented many cutting-edge valuation models based on sabermetric data, the Oakland As have failed to win a World Series Championship. That criticism is accurate. It also misses the p \"I was writing a book about the collision of reason and baseball.\" - Michael Lewis Moneyball has become the modern-day shorthand term for a perceived over-reliance on statistical data by a given baseball manager, front office, or franchise. Critics point out that, since Billy Beane took over as General Manager and implemented many cutting-edge valuation models based on sabermetric data, the Oakland As have failed to win a World Series Championship. That criticism is accurate. It also misses the point. Moneyball is the story of one of the poorest teams in baseball, cursed with a stingy owner and an antiquated stadium, that nevertheless manages to be shockingly competitive during the tenure of its oft-, and wrongly-, maligned General Manager despite consistently fielding one of the lowest payrolls in the league. How do they do it? (Ironic spoiler alert) They find and acquire players whose production is inefficiently undervalued by the marketplace. Author Lewis turns his eye from the financial markets (Liar's Poker, The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine) to baseball, and with wit and clarity, peers inside the age-old mystery of why baseball does the things it does. A working knowledge of the basic rules of the sport is probably a good idea but even casual readers and not just die-hard baseball fans will be both educated and entertained.\nEric – Sep 28, 2011\nI found this book extremely interesting, especially since I didn't read it until eight years after it came out, meaning I knew how all the draft picks and other players mentioned in the book panned out (a topic on which a good deal has now been written). Only my rule of always reading the book before seeing the movie prompted me pick it up now, a decision I don't regret. The book had some interesting tidbits I wasn't aware of, such as where the term sabremetrics came from (\"The name derives from I found this book extremely interesting, especially since I didn't read it until eight years after it came out, meaning I knew how all the draft picks and other players mentioned in the book panned out (a topic on which a good deal has now been written). Only my rule of always reading the book before seeing the movie prompted me pick it up now, a decision I don't regret. The book had some interesting tidbits I wasn't aware of, such as where the term sabremetrics came from (\"The name derives from SABR, the acronym of the Society for American Baseball Research\") and the origin story for Rotisserie Baseball (\"1980 a group of friends, led by Sports Illustrated writer Dan Okrent, met at La Rotisserie Française, a restaurant in Manhattan, and created what became known, to the confusion of a nation, as Rotisserie Baseball\"). It also had some great quotes on the mindset of Billy Beane (\"He'd flirted with the idea of firing all the scouts and just drafting the kids straight from Paul's laptop\") and the team he managed (\"The Oakland A's are baseball's answer to the Island of Misfit Toys\"). The book probably could have been a bit shorter -- I could have done with a bit less on Beane's backstory as a failed player and a lot less of Chad Bradford's life story -- but overall Moneyball was a great read that should be mandatory for any serious baseball fan.\nJoshua Guest – Jul 20, 2012\nIf you haven't already seen the movie, you ought to see the movie. And after you have seen the movie, you ought to read the book. I loved the film adaptation, it adds magic and melancholy to the story. This book stands out to me not because it's a good underdog story (though it is a very good underdog story), and not because it's a good non-fiction story (and it is a very good non-fiction story), but because of the symbolic power and universality of its core message: there is unseen value in eve If you haven't already seen the movie, you ought to see the movie. And after you have seen the movie, you ought to read the book. I loved the film adaptation, it adds magic and melancholy to the story. This book stands out to me not because it's a good underdog story (though it is a very good underdog story), and not because it's a good non-fiction story (and it is a very good non-fiction story), but because of the symbolic power and universality of its core message: there is unseen value in every human being. People are overlooked and undervalued because of all kinds of perceived flaws such as age, appearance, personality, and other superficial attributes. What makes Billly Beane and Paul DePodesta such great heroes in this story is how they see past the superficiality and bring out the value of people like Chad Bradford, Scott Hatteberg, Jeremy Brown and Kevin Youkilis. The chapter on Hatteberg alone made the $5 Kindle Book worth the money I spent. The epilogue on the pudgy Jeremy Brown is touching, especially the way it's depicted at the end of the film: he doesn't realize that he has just hit a home run. My recommendation comes with the condition that you must be willing to tolerate baseball clubhouse language. I was too into the story to really notice, but the semi-frequent use of the f-word may be the only thing some people see if they read this. They won't know what they're missing.\nNancy – Feb 26, 2009\nI know next to nothing about baseball, and less than that about statistics, but this book about applying new statistical thinking in baseball to the selection of a winning team (the Oakland A's) was absolutely riveting reading for me. Michael Lewis is just that good. I know next to nothing about baseball, and less than that about statistics, but this book about applying new statistical thinking in baseball to the selection of a winning team (the Oakland A's) was absolutely riveting reading for me. Michael Lewis is just that good.\nChase Chandler – Jun 11, 2018\nHas phenomenal insight on the inner workings of the front office of baseball. Additionally it offers an incredible perspective into the complex world of baseball stats. I feel like I understand baseball waaaaaaaaaaaaay better because of reading this book. A must read for any baseball fan, and a great read for any sport fan!\nRyan – Jan 24, 2012\nBoy did I read Michael Lewis' Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game at the right time: January. (The off-season.) Over the last two years, I've made a real effort to learn about sports. Hockey? Not a problem. The NBA? A gossipy league, but I think it's more popular because of it. The NFL? Short but sweet. No matter how hard I try -- I'll score the game, I'll eat the peanuts, but I draw the line at chew -- I just cannot develop an interest in baseball. I recently talked to a former ESPN writ Boy did I read Michael Lewis' Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game at the right time: January. (The off-season.) Over the last two years, I've made a real effort to learn about sports. Hockey? Not a problem. The NBA? A gossipy league, but I think it's more popular because of it. The NFL? Short but sweet. No matter how hard I try -- I'll score the game, I'll eat the peanuts, but I draw the line at chew -- I just cannot develop an interest in baseball. I recently talked to a former ESPN writer, and he told me that football's popularity is often attributed to its TV friendly format. I can see what he means. When I watch a football game, there's a lot of action, the replays are good, and there are only a few games so it's hard to become bored with the season. Baseball strikes me as a radio friendly game, particularly the many sounds we think of when we think of baseball. Unfortunately, radio went out of style decades ago. So even after watching an entire season of baseball games, the first association that comes to mind when I think of baseball is this line from The Simpsons: \"And now there's a beach ball on the field. And the ball boys are discussing which one of them is going to go get.\" In Moneyball, Michael Lewis mostly ignores the game of baseball. Instead, he looks into why the Oakland Athletics, a team with the second smallest payroll in the league, was for a brief while able to compete with the New York Yankees. It turns out that Billy Beane, the A's general manager, decided to found his strategy on decisions that tend to lead to wins. Runs lead to wins; outs do not. For example, stealing second and sacrifice bunts tend to lead to outs. So don't do those things. Relying on Bill James' analysis, Beane ignores defense and invests in hitters that get on base because a high on-base percentage tends to correlate with a lot of wins. Because Beane has an idea of how to measure players that can lead to wins, he can find players that are undervalued. The best parts of Moneyball may be when Lewis explains the archaic thinking that is guiding the Major Leagues' managers. For example, a relief pitcher's value increases as he accumulates saves. But how often does the relief pitcher \"save\" the game? Rarely. Consequently, Beane realizes that he can buy cheap pitchers, plays them until they accumulate a lot of saves, and then sell them at a profit. It's not that the other teams don't have access to the same statistics as Beane. It's just that they don't seem to care. Lewis explains that there are outsiders and insiders, and the insiders want nothing to do with the horn-rimmed glasses wearing, ivy league educated, statistic gathering nerds that point out that teams can win more games paying less if they pay attention to these few undervalued skills that have been tied to wins. What makes Moneyball work is that its central figure, Billy Beane, is actually an insider. He had the \"good face,\" and he looked good in a baseball uniform. He should have been big. He had a ticket to a free education at Stanford, but he traded that in to become a Met. Beane ended up leaving the game to become an advance scout. Beane seems to have a vendetta against the traditional, \"go with your gut\" decision making that guides the league and, arguably, ruined his life. Watching him outwit other managers because he is willing to consider non-traditional approaches to the game is real joy, and Lewis does a fantastic job in these sequences. There are moments that don't work so well. For example, Lewis is happy to praise Beane, which is fine. However, after writing an entire book about how every aspect of baseball can be broken down into statistical likelihoods, he then explains Oakland's failure to make it out of the first round of the playoffs is that the playoffs are a \"crapshoot.\" We could argue that an NFL playoff game is a crapshoot, but baseball teams are eliminated in a series. Although there's little data to gain from a single series, there are many playoff series to study. Lewis and Beane want to embrace moneyball, even though it fails in the playoffs. Why they should accept Beane's claim that \"my shit doesn't work in the playoffs?\" Lewis also gives little attention to what happens when other teams do begin to realize the importance of on-base percentage. I've read on Marginal Revolution that the size of a team's payroll is a bigger predictor of success now than it was ten years ago. That may have been inevitable, but it's not irrelevant. Still, I have to admit that for over 300 pages, Lewis had my interest. I once read that the best non-fiction books transcend their subject, and I think Lewis has produced that caliber of non-fiction here. It was almost as though baseball itself was interesting. But that may just have been because there it's been a long time since I watched a baseball game. After all, it is January.\nDC Comics novels - Batman: The Court of Owls: An Original Novel by Greg Cox\nAll Star Comics Archives, Vol. 6\nCivil War: A Marvel Comics Event\nDetective Comics (2016-) #972\nAction Comics (2016-) #1003\nChacha-Chaudhary-And-Pop-Show-English\nUnderground Classics: The Transformation of Comics Into Comix\nBatman Detective Comics #2","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1736524"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5420465469360352,"wiki_prob":0.5420465469360352,"text":"Huey, Mirnyi fall to top-seed French duo as dream run in Wimbledon ends in semis thriller\nTreat Huey and Max Mirnyi fell short of an upset against top-seed men's duo Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut a scare at Wimbledon. Jerome Ascano\nTREAT Huey and Max Mirnyi succumbed to top-seed Frenchmen Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut, 6-4, 3-6, 6-7, 6-4, 6-4, on Friday in the semifinals of the men’s doubles at Wimbledon.\nIt was a heartbreaking defeat for Huey and Mirnyi, who appeared on their way to an upset after taking the third set before dropping the final two.\nThe Filipino/Belarussian pair had a stellar run, making the semifinals after a 6-3, 6-2, 7-6 win over Oliver Marach of Austria and Fabrice Martin of France.\nHerbert and Mahut will face compatriots Julien Benneteau and Edouard Roger-Vasselin in the final.\ntreat huey ,\nmax mirnyi ,\nwimbledon ,","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line366510"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8463653922080994,"wiki_prob":0.8463653922080994,"text":"Daryl Cates\nColumbia, IL\nDaryl Cates currently serves as vice president of the American Soybean Association. Daryl is a fourth-generation farmer on his family farm, raising soybeans, corn, wheat, and double crop beans. Daryl returned to the family farm in 1980 after graduating from the University of Illinois, degree in agronomy, to farm with his father, who at 90 still helps work ground down and combines. While at the U of I, he met his wife-to-be, Sandy, and they have three children, Drew, Brett and Megan.\nFrom 1986-1992, Daryl was on the Illinois Soybean Operating Board, which eventually became the Illinois Soybean Association. During those years, he held the office of assistant secretary/treasurer, secretary, treasurer, vice chairman. In 1988, he was elected to serve on the American Soybean Development Foundation Board, which he did until 1992 when he was appointed to serve on the first board of the United Soybean Board.\nAfter serving a year on the USB board, Daryl concentrated on the farm and raising his family until 2013 when he became a director on the Illinois Soybean Association. Daryl continued to serve on the ISA board until 2019, including holding the offices of assistant secretary/treasurer, secretary, and chairman. In 2015, Daryl was nominated to serve for Illinois on the ASA WISHH committee, where he has been secretary, chairman, and continues to serve. In 2018, he was elected to also be a director for ASA.\nIn 2016, Congressman Mike Bost asked Daryl to be a member of Agricultural Board, and he continues to serve in that capacity.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1585132"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9548467993736267,"wiki_prob":0.9548467993736267,"text":"Ant and Dec 'surprised' that 'I'm A Celebrity' returned to Wales for second year\nJulia Hunt\n·Contributor\nAnt and Dec were surprised that the show went back to Wales. (ITV)\nAnt and Dec have admitted they were surprised that I’m A Celebrity… Get Me Out Of Here! went back to Wales for a second year.\nThe ITV reality show was moved to Abergele in North Wales from its home in Australia in 2020 amid the coronavirus pandemic and returned there for another series last year.\nSpeaking on The Graham Norton Show, the presenters said they were surprised to be back in Gwrych Castle – and that they are desperate to get back Down Under.\nAsked if they are saddened to be filming the show in Wales again, Dec said: “We weren’t saddened but we were surprised.\n\"With COVID there was no getting around it.”\nRead more: Danny Miller crowned King of the Castle\nThe presenters want to back to get back to the jungle. (ITV)\nAnt added: “If it has to be Wales for another series, we will do it in Wales, but we want to go back to Australia.\n“Australia is the spiritual home of I’m A Celebrity and where it’s been for 20 years, and four weeks there in the sun in October and November is great! We love it and we want to go back.”\nThe 2021 series of the reality show was hit with problems.\nContestant Richard Madeley had to leave the show after a trip to hospital when he was unwell meant he had broken the COVID bubble and couldn’t return to the camp.\nThe show has been held at Gwrych Castle near Abergele for the last two years. (PA)\nRead more: Ant McPartlin says I'm A Celeb could've 'easily' been cancelled if not for crew's efforts\nAnd the show had to pause for a few days after the production base was damaged during Storm Arwen.\nEmmerdale star Danny Miller was crowned King of the Castle, pipping Coronation Street actor Simon Gregson to the title.\nThe Graham Norton Show is on BBC One on 14th January at 10.35pm and is available on BBC iPlayer.\nWatch: Piers Morgan desperate to end Ant and Dec's NTAs streak\nUS says Russia readying 'false-flag' operation to invade Ukraine\nRussia has put in place operatives trained in explosives to carry out a \"false-flag\" operation to create a pretext to invade Ukraine, US officials alleged Friday.\nRussian troops are returniNg home after order was restored in Kazakhstan\nPrime Minister Boris Johnson is facing calls to resign over allegations of 'partygate' breaches of Covid rules","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1067774"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6106564998626709,"wiki_prob":0.3893435001373291,"text":"Home » American History • Does History Matter? • Environment • History and Policy\nCampaigning with History: Wildlands and Woodlands\nMay 25, 2010 May 25, 2010 1 Comment on Campaigning with History: Wildlands and Woodlands\nLast week we have two great posts by Tom and Alix on historians engaging with current issues and the value of “thinking with history” for policy development. Both these post brought to mind a project in New England that I learned about at an environmental history conference a few years ago. The Wildland and Woodlands campaign is to protect 70% of New England’s land for forests:\nNew England forests are at a turning point. Following a 200-year resurgence, forest cover has begun to decline in every New England state. What will we do with this challenge and opportunity?\nThe Wildlands and Woodlands vision calls for a 50-year conservation effort to retain at least 70 percent of New England in forestland, permanently free from development.\n-90% of forests would be “Woodlands,” conserved by willing landowners and sustainably managed for multiple uses, from recreation to wood products.\n-10% of forests would be “Wildland” reserves, identified by local communities and shaped only by the natural environment.\nThe project is the initiative of a mix of ‘active’ academics including foresters, ecologists, and environmental historians that use their combined expertise to argue a plan to maintain a sustainable future for New England’s forests. The majority of these academics are scientists and they contributed a great deal on the ecological value of maintaining forests in this region and the many threats to its future. However, David R. Foster, an ecologist and the director of the Harvard Forest, explained during the conference presentation, that a simple graph created by the team’s historian, Brian Donahue, demonstrating the changing forests cover throughout history proved to be the most powerful rhetorical device when they meet with policy makers and politicians.\nNew England Forest Cover and Human Population\nThe graph showing a dramatic decline in the forest between 1600 and the mid-nineteenth century, the remarkable recovery in the century that followed and the more recent trend towards another steep decline encapsulated the problem in a clear and concise way. This graph gets people to think with history and it begins to tell the story of the New England forests since the colonists arrived. The Wildlands & Woodlands report contains a section on environmental history near the beginning along with the substantial contributions from ecologist and foresters. The historical section provides some context to explain the dramatic change in forest cover since the colonial period. The growth of farms, villages and cities led to the steep decline in the forests in the south of New England through to the early nineteenth century. Donahue then references his own research to explain how during the mid-nineteenth century, New England farmers shifted to high value crops on the best land and raised animals using cheap imported grain from the Midwest, leaving marginal pastures to return to forests. In the twentieth century transportation networks improved further and made it more difficult for New England farmer to compete in the national and global food markets. As a result a large amount of farmland transitioned back to forest. This section goes on to provide an overview of the history of forest conservation in New England and demonstrates the long tradition of local stewardship upon which the Wildlands & Woodlands project hopes to build a region wide plan. After this historical context the report discuss the current threats against the forests and proposes a future with a sustainable balance between urban/suburban space, farms, managed forests and protected wildlands.\nNew England Land Cover: Past, Present, and Future\nAgain this graph encourages the viewer to think historically, by noticing the growing trend of development replacing forest and then presenting alternative versions of the future. I know historians, with good reason, are very weary of using history to predict the future. However, I think we can more safely demonstrate historical trends and provide a range of possibilities for the future to help provide context for policy debates. It is also worthwhile noting that Donahue is a well respected historian (his book the Great Meadow won the George Perkins March Prize for the best book in environmental history in 2005) and his research is not soly focused on present issues. He is a good example of historians ability to research and write academic history and to work to influence the present and the future.\nAmerican History, Does History Matter?, Environment, History and Policy\t\"thinking with history\", Brian Donahue, David R. Foster, environmental history, Harvard Forest, New England Forests, Wildlands and Woodlands\n← Active History Announcements: May 23-29 Collection Access: the Toronto District School Board Artifact Loan Program →\nOne thought on “Campaigning with History: Wildlands and Woodlands”\nM. Furrow June 10, 2010 at 10:22 pm\nI like the effectiveness of the chart, but there is a serious problem with the label “Human Population” — it suggests that there were no people in New England in 1600! It really needs to read “European Population,” “Non-Aboriginal Population” or the like.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1751720"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8301413059234619,"wiki_prob":0.8301413059234619,"text":"May 25, 2018 – North Korea said today that it’s still willing to sit down for talks with the United States “at any time, at any format” just hours after President Donald Trump abruptly canceled his planned summit with the North’s leader Kim Jong Un.\nThe statement by Vice Foreign Minister Kim Kye Gwan, a longtime nuclear negotiator and senior diplomat, said the North is “willing to give the U.S. time and opportunities” to reconsider talks that had been set for June 12 in Singapore is the latest whiplash development in what had been seen as a rare opportunity to address what might be the world’s most dangerous standoff. Focus will now swing back to how Trump will respond to the North’s seemingly conciliatory gesture.\nA scrapping of diplomacy could see a return to the torrent of weapons tests — and the fears of war they created — that North Korea unleashed last year as it sought to put the finishing touches on a nuclear-armed missile program meant to target the entire U.S. mainland.\nSince January, Kim has taken a radically softer approach to foreign affairs, sending his sister to the Olympics in South Korea, meeting with his South Korean counterpart on their shared border and exploding parts of his nuclear testing site Thursday in a sign of good faith.\nEarlier comments by South Korean President Moon Jae-in, seen as the driving force behind the summit, suggested that Seoul, a top U.S. ally and host to 28,500 U.S. troops, was blindsided by Trump’s cancellation. Moon said he was “very perplexed” at Trump’s announcement that he was canceling the summit because of North Korea’s “tremendous anger and open hostility.” Moon urged direct talks between Trump and Kim.\nMany expected a belligerent North Korean response to Trump’s comments, but Kim, the North Korean vice foreign minister, said Pyongyang’s “objective and resolve to do our best for the sake of peace and stability of the Korean Peninsula and all humankind remain unchanged.” Kim called Trump’s decision “unexpected” and “very regrettable,” and said the cancellation of the talks shows “how grave the status of historically deep-rooted hostile North Korea-U.S. relations is and how urgently a summit should be realized to improve ties.”\nWhile the statement may keep the possibility of a summit alive, there were also hints in North Korea’s statement that Pyongyang was willing to walk away.\nKim said the United States is at fault for what Trump described as North Korea’s “hostility,” saying that Pyongyang was responding to “excessive” U.S. comments pressuring the country to “unilaterally discard” its nuclear weapons ahead of the summit.\nKim said North Korea had “highly rated” Trump’s efforts to set up a summit between the countries, something previous U.S. presidents were unwilling to do. But Trump’s move to cancel the summit has forced the North to “rethink whether the efforts we have so far put in and the new path we have taken is the right choice.”\n13 Aug 15 admin\nMyanmar Security Forces Surround Ruling Party Headquarters\nAugust 13, 2015 - Myanmar security forces have surrounded the headquarters of the ruling Union Solidarity…\nQuestions Linger As Malaysia Marks Two Years Since MH370\nMarch 8, 2016 - Investigators probing the MH370 mystery will release an annual statement, and…\n22 Jan 15 admin\nYingluck Shinawatra Slams Impeachment Vote\nJanuary 22, 2015 - Ousted Thai premier Yingluck Shinawatra today attacked impeachment proceedings against her ahead…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1468101"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.749950110912323,"wiki_prob":0.749950110912323,"text":"Luster says to finalise deal with HK firm in due time\nYimie Yong\nJuly 12, 2016 22:04 pm +08\nKUALA LUMPUR (July 12): Luster Industries Bhd has clarified that it had entered into a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to explore further the opportunity presented and make further verifications before entering into a conditional sale and purchase agreement (SPA) with Hong Kong based Citi-Champ International Ltd.\nIn a bourse filing today, Luster said it will make a detailed announcement to Bursa Malaysia if the company decides to enter into the SPA.\nLuster was responding to an editorial published under the Frankly Speaking column in The Edge weekly issued for the week of July 11–17.\nOn July 5, Luster announced that it had signed an MoU with Hong Kong-based Citi-Champ to buy \"a certain percentage\" of New Harvest Asia Investment Ltd for \"a certain purchase consideration to be determined later\".\nIn the article, The Edge questioned the lack of details in the announcement made on Bursa.\nFurthermore, the weekly also pointed out several announcements made earlier, including a plan to mine tin ore in Kemaman and venturing into property development in Kedah, have not materialised.\nOn these issues, Luster explained that Pan Cambodian Lottery Corp Ltd is already in operation and had recorded an audited profit after tax of US$500,000 (RM1.98 million) in financial year ended 2015.\n\"Exzone Plastics Manufacturers Sdn Bhd is an active company and is currently operating and had recorded audited revenue of RM46.7 million in financial year ended 2015,\" it explained.\nLuster said it had started exploring the mining site at Kemaman.\n\"However, the company had since decided to halt the exploration and mining activities mainly due to the declining price of commodities in the world market. However, Luster is currently negotiating with a few parties to enlarge the area of mining in order to achieve a more sustainable economies of scale for its operations,\" it said.\nLuster also pointed out that the property development is with Koperasi Hartanah Malaysia Bhd (KOHAMA) instead of Koperasi Pembangunan Hartanah Putrajaya Bhd (KPHP) as announced to Bursa Malaysia Securities on May 27, 2014.\n\"We had inked a tripartite agreement on March 9, 2016 for the development of an affordable home project in Perak. The construction had started and is targeted to complete by end of 2016,\" said Luster.\nLuster, which is involved in assembly of printed circuit boards and manufactures precision plastic parts, closed unchanged at 7 sen today, with 2.03 million shares traded, for a market capitalisation of RM121.23 million.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1230383"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9717029929161072,"wiki_prob":0.9717029929161072,"text":"Chris Burger Petro Jackson Players Fund - 40 years of hope\nFor four decades, Rugby’s Caring Hands have helped turned tragedy into triumph, writes Quintin van Jaarsveld.\nLaying helpless in a hospital bed, hours removed from breaking his neck during a Currie Cup match against Free State in Bloemfontein on August 30, 1980, Western Province fullback Chris Burger spoke with his captain Morné du Plessis for the final time.\n\"He said, ‘Please look after my family and ask the guys to see that they’re okay’,” recalls Du Plessis 40 years on.\n“Even then, being a young man, I still didn’t fully realise the gravity of the situation and two hours later, he passed. We were absolutely devastated.”\nMoved to action by that last conversation, Burger’s teammates founded a fund in his honour on 9 September 1980. The true depth of rugby’s brotherhood had been cemented, the legacy of Rugby’s Caring Hands born.\nOn 11 April 1987, South African rugby was rocked to its core once more as Kylemore wing Petro Jackson passed away on the field after having suffered a broken neck during a zone club competition match against Excelsior. A similar fund was established in his memory, with the two merging in 1992.\n“Rugby brings people together. Whether you play at school, club or professional level, there’s an undeniable bond between all who play the game and an unwritten rule that we look after each other,” says Springbok great and Chris Burger Petro Jackson Players’ Fund Chairman, Jean de Villiers.\nJurie Roux, CEO of SA Rugby, said: “Rugby is more than what happens on the field - it’s a game where family values and camaraderie are strong. That means also assisting those in need, which is why SA Rugby’s support is vitally important, and it was a great driver to ensure the Chris Burger Petro Jackson Players’ Fund became our official charity a few years ago.”\nThis has come at a cost of R50m, but ask any of the 107 recipients Rugby’s Caring Hands currently assists and they’d say the support is priceless. For hidden in its name lies the true power of the Fund as for the past four decades, it has been a source of hope for those catastrophically injured playing the game they love. Hope of a life worth living, a second chance at happiness despite seemingly overwhelming obstacles.\n“The Fund plays a huge role in my life. If they weren’t part of my life, I would probably have passed away years ago,” says Amos Mzimeli. Left a quadriplegic after breaking his neck at the age of 18 while playing for Moonlight Rugby Club on May 20, 1990, the former loose forward “fell into a deep depression”, his will to live snuffed out by a cruel twist of fate.\nThirty years on, he’s a multi-award-winning pillar of strength, championing the Great Kei Disability Multipurpose Centre in Soto Village, where he’s now a beacon of hope. The happily married father of three insists he wouldn’t be where he is today without the Fund, saying, “It’s so comforting to know you have their support and that support goes a long way to help you make something of your life. They’ve become family; [General Manager] Gail [Baerecke] is like my mother…she’s always there when I need her.”\nMzimeli is one of many success stories, of a recipient finding remarkable resolve and conquering cruel challenges on a daily basis with the support of family, both blood and rugby’s band of brothers and sisters. The Fund epitomises what rugby is at its core, says founder and Trustee Du Plessis, who served as Chairman for an astounding 38 years.\n“Both is about teamwork and passion,” notes the Springbok icon. “There’s a sense of family among everyone linked by the Fund. As much as we love it, there’s much more important things in life than the game, and the scoreboard.\n“Witnessing the sheer bravely of the recipients and the unbelievable dedication of the families for 40 years has had an incredible impact on my life. I’ve learned so much from them and I’m so honoured to have had that privilege.”\nOffering wide-ranging support based on each recipient’s individual needs, the Fund is a lifelong companion for fallen heroes and their families. It’s also been at the forefront of further significant change.\nTackling injuries head-on, the Fund and SA Rugby launched the BokSmart national rugby safety programme in 2009. The all-encompassing, scientific-based project has been game-changing, producing a 63% decrease in acute spinal cord injuries in schoolboy rugby and a 52% decrease in permanent catastrophic injuries in the club game.\nPlayers who’ve suffered the misfortune of disabling despair are left with a daunting task. Amidst the heartache and broken dreams, they’re forced to adapt to a “new normal.” For them, this term has been a way of life long before it was thrust into popular culture by the Covid-19 pandemic.\nSimilar to its recipients, the Fund’s had to constantly adapt to adversity in terms of fundraising, which has become increasingly difficult every year. Inspired by the unbroken will of those it supports, the Fund has gallantly crusaded against the grain to remain the lifeline it is, hosting marquee events like the telethons of old on SuperSport, formal banquets and other special events, all attended by the entire Springbok squad.\nWith its Springbok legends, as well as health and industry professionals, the Fund family’s steely determination remains unshaken. However, the stark reality the non-profit organisation finds itself in is that it’s facing its gravest challenge yet in an invisible enemy that changed the world as we knew it, one that’s threatening to suffocate South African rugby’s greatest ‘impact players’.\n“Fundraising for all charities has been hugely affected as a result of the pandemic. We are no exception as a result of no rugby being played, where much of our funding is generated. Corporate donors are also having to weather their own storm,” says Baerecke, the Fund’s passionate General Manager for the past 15 years.\n“What hasn’t changed for us during this time is the support that our recipients have needed from us, be it monthly subsistence for those who are needy, replacement and or repairs to their mobility equipment, or transport to and from vital clinic and hospital appointments.\n“Our costs have also escalated during this time as a result of our recipients’ household economic situations having been impacted. We are, therefore, humbly appealing for financial help so that we can meet the essential needs of our particularly vulnerable group of recipients.”\nNelson Mandela famously said, “Sport has the power to change the world. It has the power to inspire. It has the power to unite people in a way that little else does. It speaks to youth in a language they understand. Sport can create hope where once there was only despair.”\nNow, more than ever, there’s a dire need for rugby-loving South Africans to rally behind the sport’s most meaningful cause and prove, like the world-beating Springboks reminded the Rainbow Nation in Japan last year, that we are indeed #StrongerTogether.\nSupport the Fund via the following options:\nDIRECT DEPOSIT:\nAccount Name: Chris Burger Petro Jackson Fundraiser\nBank: Standard Bank of SA\nBranch Code: Rondebosch 025009\nAccount Number: 071 499 776\nReference to use for an EFT Payment: Name and Telephone number\nIf you make use of internet banking, why not consider setting up a recurring monthly payment to pledge your ongoing support?\nSNAPSCAN or ZAPPER:\nFor more information, visit www.playersfund.org.za and follow the Fund on social media:\nFacebook: The Players’ Fund\nTwitter: @playersfund_sa\nInstagram: @playersfund_sa\nchris burger petro jackson players fund\nThe 2022 Carling Currie Cup Bulletin #1...\nDefending Carling Currie Cup champions, the Vodacom Bulls, started the 2022 campaign with a bonus-point victory over the...\nDavids hat-trick steers WP to comfortable win...\nBlitzbok star Angelo Davids scored a hat-trick of tries in the DHL Western Province's 48-36 romp over a youthful Sigma L...\nCheetahs made to work hard for Bloem victory...\nThe Toyota Cheetahs got their 2022 Carling Currie Cup campaign off to a winning start after they beat Tafel Lager Griqua...\nFNB Varsity Cup returns to campuses in 2022...\nThe FNB Varsity Cup will be staged at universities around the country for the first time since 2020 when the 15th instal...\nBulls open title defence with solid win ...\nThe Vodacom Bulls scored a bonus-point 33-19 win over the Pumas in their opening Carling Currie Cup match played in pers...\nCoetzee to spark Ulster in Guinness PRO14 final\nUlster may start as the underdogs against Leinster in the Guinness PRO14 final in Dublin on Saturday, but they are expected to rely heavily on their “clutch player”, Springbok loose forward Marcell Coetzee, to boost their forward momentum.\nUlster to enter Guinness PRO14 final with nothing to lose\nUlster were always set to be the underdogs no matter how they beat Edinburgh in the Guinness PRO14 semi-final this past weekend, but given the manner in which they did it, Dan McFarland’s team should be even less burdened by expectations in Saturday’s final in Dublin.\nRIP Peter Cronje (1949-2020)\nSA Rugby paid tribute to former Springbok center Peter Cronje, who passed away on early on Friday morning after a battle with cancer, at the age of 70.\nVictor Matfield: “It was the best final ever”\nWith 127 Test caps and 148 Vodacom Super Rugby appearances to his name, Victor Matfield is well-placed to talk about the state of the game in South Africa and abroad, and he reckons the 2019 Rugby World Cup final was the best there has been.\nFrom Springbok captain to Players’ Fund chairman\nNo-one is more uniquely equipped to lead the Chris Burger Petro Jackson Players’ Fund into the future than Jean de Villiers.\nRIP Noel Klaasen (1954 to 2020)\nSA Rugby President Mr Mark Alexander paid tribute to former Boland and SARU lock Noel Klaasen, who passed away from natural causes over the weekend. He was 66 years old.\nLast chance for British & Irish Lions tour tickets with one week to go\nThere’s just one week to go and South African rugby fans are urged to get into the virtual queue for tickets to the British & Irish Lions tour in 2021, before the ballot closes at midnight next Wednesday (16 September).\nPienaar: Guinness PRO14 final a massive achievement for Ulster\nVeteran Springbok and Toyota Cheetahs scrumhalf, Ruan Pienaar, who represented Ulster 141 times, believes it is a massive achievement for the team to contest the Guinness PRO14 final on Saturday against defending champions Leinster in Dublin.\nVan der Merwe scoops top Guinness PRO14 prize\nSouth African-born Duhan van der Merwe - a former SA Schools and Junior Springbok player - has been honoured with the prestigious PRO14 Players’ Player of the Season award for 2019/20.\nAustralia to host the Castle Lager Rugby Championship 2020\nThe Castle Lager Rugby Championship 2020 would take place in Australia, in November and December this year, SANZAAR announced on Friday.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line676169"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.693911612033844,"wiki_prob":0.306088387966156,"text":"International EVOO Competitions 2022\nThe London International Olive Oil Competition will take place in London on 12-14 May, 2022. Samples to reach the storage venue by 30 April 2022.\nhttp://www.londonoliveoil.com/\nThe Olive Japan International Extra Virgin Olive Oil Competition will be held in mid-May, 2022. Registrations close on 2 May. Samples must be received no later than 9 May.\nhttps://olivejapan.com/en\nThe Italy EVOO International Olive Oil Contest will be held in Palmi, Italy on 16-19 May, 2022. Registration deadline is 7 May. Samples are due at the venue by 7 May.\nhttps://evo-iooc.it/en/\nThe Canada International Olive Oil Competition will take place in Montreal on 30-31 May, 2022.\nhttps://canadaiooc.com/\nTerraolivo IOOC 2022 will be held in Yehud, Israel on 13 June, 2021. Deadline for registration and samples delivery is 1 June.\nhttps://terraolivo-iooc.com/\nThe 2022 Aurora International Taste Challenge will be held in Stellenbosch, South Africa (date TBC). Entries open on 8 June and close on 2 August. Samples to be delivered on 15-16 August.\nhttps://aurorachallenge.com/\nInformation on the 2022 Australian International Olive Awards is not yet available.\nhttps://internationaloliveawardsaustralia.com.au/\nThe 2022 Sol d’Oro Southern Hemisphere will be held in Argentina in September. Further detail to be advised.\n2021-11-24T17:32:25+02:00SA Olive News|\nShare this content. Choose your platform.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line222428"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6538196206092834,"wiki_prob":0.6538196206092834,"text":"OACC presents \"REJOICE\"\nThe Oneida Area Civic Chorale will open the 2021-2022 concert season with “Rejoice”, a collection of music celebrating the Christmas Season, on Sunday, December 5, 2021 at 4:00 PM at St Agatha’s Church in Canastota. The Chorale, an 80 voice community chorus under the direction of Mark Bunce, will be accompanied by piano, organ and a brass quartet. This is the first seasonal concert by the OACC since the unexpected “intermission” due to Covid-19 following the March 2020 performance. The Chorale was fortunate to be able to present “I Hear America Singing”, a program of patriotic songs, on July 7, 2021, which was enthusiastically received by those in attendance.\nThe December 5, 2021 program will consist of 15 pieces, including well known ones like “O Holy Night”, “Still, Still Still” and “Christmas Gloria”, which is a compilation by Lloyd Larsen of “Hark, The Herald Angels Sing”, “O Little Town of Bethlehem”, and “Angels We Have Heard on High”. It will also include lesser known melodies as “Every Valley” and “Winter Comes”, both by John Ness Beck, as well as two arrangements by John Rutter: “Angels Carol” and “I Wish You Christmas” and Daniel Pinkham’s “Christmas Cantata”, which will be sung in Latin. Another special number will be an arrangement by Craig Hella Johnson combining “Lo, How A Rose” with “The Rose”. The audience will be asked to sing-along with the Chorale on “Angels From The Realms of Glory” and “Joy To The World”. The brass quartet will also perform “O Little Town of Bethlehem” and “What Child is This?”. A short intermission will be included as part of the program.\nMusical accompaniment will be provided by Heather O’Connell on piano and organ, and a brass quartet consisting of Chuck Penfield and Henryk Lotyczewski on trumpet, and Mark Case and Martin Hollister on trombone.\nTickets for the concert are $10 and are available from Chorale members. The concert will be recorded, and CDs will be available for purchase from Chorale members at a later date (after the holidays). Seating for this performance will be limited. Patrons who will be using a season pass are requested to make an advance reservation (refer to instructions provided with patron pass). Tickets will not be sold at the door.\nMasks will be required by all audience members. Attendees ages 12 and over will be required to present proof of Covid-19 vaccination or recent negative Covid-19 test.\nPlease refer to the OACC Covid-19 policy on this website for additional information.\nFuture OACC Concert Dates:\nMarch 13, 2022 “Great is Thy Faithfulness”\nMay 22, 2022 “Let Music Live”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line576120"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6265645027160645,"wiki_prob":0.6265645027160645,"text":"Paul Farmer on ‘Fevers, Feuds and Diamonds’\nDecember 16, 2020 138 views0\nDecember 16, 2020– “In November 2014, Partners in Health co-founder and chief strategist Dr. Paul Farmer was in Freetown, Sierra Leone, sharing bread with a group of Ebola survivors as the world’s largest virus epidemic raged. spread throughout the country. ” It was the night I met Ibrahim, “Farmer recalled, referring to one of the survivors.” We started talking and he told me that he had lost 23 members of his family to Ebola. I was silent. And what he said next was: “I would like you to interview me about my experience.” “I’ve been an anthropologist since I’ve been a doctor, and it’s very rare for anyone to say that,” Farmer continued. “I thought, ‘If I’m going to interview him about such a terrible experience, it better be for someone other than just me.” That, Farmer said, was when he decided to write a book. “More from Farmer on” Fevers, Fights, and Diamonds: Ebola and the Ravages of History “in the following interview. (5 readings)\nTo take actionFor more inspiration, join this Saturday’s Awakin Call with Paul Farmer: “Partners in Health: Repairing the Many Pandemics of Our Time.” More details and RSVP information here. [more]\n10 Health Problems That Make You Have Excessive Thirst\nBarbie Style and Makeup Artist Sir John Team Up to Create Beauty Looks","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1281193"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6049174070358276,"wiki_prob":0.6049174070358276,"text":"José Antich\nMoncloa disavows Iglesias: \"Puigdemont broke the law\"\nNicolas Tomás\nBarcelona. Tuesday, 19 January 2021. 20:55\nReading time: 1 minute\nRead in Catalan\nAlthough less so than yesterday, Pablo Iglesias' comparison between Catalan president in exile Carles Puigdemont and the Spanish republican exiles continues to stir up trouble. Today the vice-president reaffirmed his statements, warning that he will not be added to the campaign to criminalisation Catalan independence, led by other Spanish groups. The Spanish Socialists (PSOE), their partners in the Spanish Government have however, joined in. The spokeswoman for the executive, María Jesús Montero, took the opportunity today to disavow the Podemos leader. \"The Spanish exiles defended the current legislation, others chose to break it,\" said the socialist leader.\nShortly before the cabinet’s press conference, Pablo Iglesias stood by his words. In a brief address to the media, he accepted the criticisms that fell on him \"with sportsmanship\". He did, however, issue a warning: \"If what some want is for me to join in the criminalisation of Catalan independence, I say they already have many politicians for that. I won’t be one of them”.\nMoncloa’s reply came few moments later. Spokeswoman María Jesús Montero defended with \"absolute firmness\", that Spain is \"a social state governed by the rule of law\" and a \"complete democracy\". She rejected the idea of politically motivated exiles. She also disavowed the comparison with the republican exiles of Franco’s dictatorship. \"The exiles fought for and defended the law, while others chose to break it,\" replied the socialist leader.\nThe executive spokeswoman declared that they had been working \"since day one\" to recover the \"dignity\" of the republican exiles and that they would continue \"to work for their memory\". She gave as an example the exhumation of the remains of the dictator Francisco Franco from El Valle de los Caídos, the recovery of the Pazo de Meirás (a manor in Galicia previously belonging to the Franco family) and the fact that the children and grandchildren of exiles can acquire Spanish nationality.\nIglesias’ words\nThe second vice-president of the Spanish government and leader of Podemos, Pablo Iglesias, compared this Sunday the Catalan president in exile, Carles Puigdemont, with the spanish republican exiles during Francisco Franco’s dictatorship. In an interview on live television, Iglesias stressed that he does not \"share in any way\" their objectives, but that if Puigdemont is in Brussels, it is not because \"he has stolen from anyone or is trying to get rich, but due to taking his political ideas to the wrong extreme\".","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1806369"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5229319334030151,"wiki_prob":0.47706806659698486,"text":"A witness is a person who has firsthand information about a significant event through their senses. The declarations and statements of a witness are made under oath and are received as evidence for some purpose, whether such statements or declarations are made on oral examination or by deposition or affidavit.\nThe witness has to assist the courts in the administration of justice by attending court when required. Under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, service of a subpoena upon a person named therein requires tender to the witness of fees for one day’s attendance and the mileage allowed by law.\nThe trial court may call as the court’s witness persons who were personally present at the event forming the basis of the prosecution, or whose testimony is material, or eyewitness, or any other witness. The practice in criminal cases of calling someone as a court’s witness, while seldom used and not particularly desirable, is recognized as proper in both state and federal courts. The result of one being called as a court’s witness is not too dissimilar from that of having a witness adjudged a hostile or a surprise witness. The effect is that neither party to the suit may be held responsible for the testimony of the witness and both of course may exercise the privilege of cross-examination[i].\nA witness in attendance at any court of the United States, or before a United States Magistrate [United States Magistrate Judge], or before any person authorized to take his deposition pursuant to any rule or order of a court of the United States, shall be paid the fees and allowances so provided[ii].\nTo testify, a witness should be competent. The competency of a witness depends upon the facts as they exist when the testimony is given. The traditional test is if the witness has intelligence to make it worthwhile to hear him/her at all and whether s/he feels a duty to tell the truth.\nUnder the Federal Rules of Evidence, every person is competent to be a witness except as otherwise provided in the rules; however, in civil actions and proceedings, with respect to an element of a claim or defense as to which state law supplies the rule of decision, the competency of a witness is to be determined in accordance with state law.\nThe purpose of direct examination is to get the witness to testify about facts that support the plaintiff’s case. Questions which are so indefinite, vague, or which leave it almost entirely to the discretion of the witness as to what matters the witness will elucidate, are improper[iii].\nAlthough leading questions are generally not permitted on direct examination, there are certain exceptions to this rule. Depending on the circumstances, leading questions shall be objectionable or proper. If the prosecutor believes that a witness may give an inadmissible answer during his examination, the prosecutor should warn the witness to refrain from making such a statement.\nWhen a witness forgets things, the attorney can refresh his/her memory[iv]. In such circumstances, the attorney may attempt to refresh the witness by asking a leading question, showing the witness a document, which can be prepared by the witness.\nIt is not competent for a witness to state merely that another person knew a thing. At present the law treats such statements as conclusions, not facts. What was said to or by the testator would be legitimate evidence on the subject of knowledge[v].\nAfter the direct examination of a witness, the opposing party may then cross-examine the witness, either to develop facts favorable to the cross-examiner or to discredit the witness. If the witness is the plaintiff in the action, cross-examination may be employed to test the good faith of the witness and the righteousness of his/her case.\nImpeachment is an attack upon the credibility of a witness. The purpose of impeachment is to destroy credibility. A witness may be impeached by proving that he is not worthy of credit, or that the facts to which he deposes are not true, or by cross-examination, in which he may be shown to be incosistent; and it is admissible under such circumstances to prove the good character of the witness [vi].\nCorroborating evidence is evidence supporting a proposition that is already supported by some evidence. Corroboration strengthens the testimony of another witness. If corroboration tends to strengthen or add credibility to the testimony, corroborative evidence may include new and additional information.\nIn order to rehabilitate an impeached witness, the trial court should determine if the statements have some probative force bearing on the credibility of the witness[vii]. If the credibility of a witness has been attacked on the ground that influence of others has altered his/her testimony, supporting evidence and the nature of prior consistent statements may be introduced. A witness’s credibility can be affected by factors such as the credibility of other witnesses in the case, the plausibility of the theory, and theme the witness is meant to support, the order in which witnesses are called, and the character of the jury.\n[i] Smith v. United States, 331 F.2d 265 (8th Cir. Iowa 1964).\n[ii] 28 USCS § 1821.\n[iii] Southwest Metals Co. v. Gomez, 4 F.2d 215, 218 (9th Cir. Ariz. 1925).\n[iv] USCS Fed Rules Evid R 612.\n[v] Slaughter v. Heath, 127 Ga. 747 (Ga. 1907).\n[vi] La Follette Coal, Iron & Ry. Co. V. Minton, 117 Tenn. 415 (Tenn. 1906).\n[vii] Smith v. City of Phila., 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 96594 (E.D. Pa. Oct. 19, 2009).\nInside Witnesses\nAttendance of Witnesses\nCalling of Witnesses\nCompensation and Fees for Attendance\nDuty to Testify\nWaiver of Privilege Against Self-Incrimination\nCompetency of Witnesses\nPrivileged Relations and Communications\nDead Man’s Statutes\nExamination of Witnesses\nCross Examination\nCorroboration\nCredibility of Witnesses\nForms and Guides","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line94696"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5014030933380127,"wiki_prob":0.4985969066619873,"text":"Carbon monoxide alarm law toughened\nCarbon monoxide alarms will have to be fitted when new boilers or gas appliances are installed in Scottish properties, under a change to the law.\nNew building regulations will apply from October this year.\nThe devices, which detect the presence of the so-called “silent killer”, will have to be installed when boilers, heaters, cookers and fires are fitted in houses, hotels and care homes.\nAt least 50 people die every year from carbon monoxide poisoning in the UK.\nThe Scottish government’s planning minister, Derek Mackay, said: “Not a year goes by where there isn’t an avoidable death in Scotland from carbon monoxide poisoning caused by faulty heating appliances in buildings.\n“There are also a considerable number of incidents where people are treated in hospital for the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning.\n“That is why, from 1 October, the Scottish building regulations will require carbon monoxide alarms to be fitted when a new or replacement boiler or other heating appliance is to be installed in a dwelling and other buildings with bedrooms.”\n‘Save lives’\nLouis Blake, from the Carbon Monoxide – Be Alarmed campaign, added: “An audible carbon monoxide alarm is the only way to protect yourself and your family.\n“This change to the Scottish building regulations will see more detectors in Scottish homes, which will save lives.\n“However, we urge people to act now to protect themselves from carbon monoxide and buy an alarm today.”\nCarbon monoxide cannot be seen, smelt or tasted.\nCombustion appliances fuelled by solid fuel, oil or gas all have the potential to cause carbon monoxide poisoning if they are poorly installed or commissioned, inadequately maintained or incorrectly used.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line18631"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7256748676300049,"wiki_prob":0.7256748676300049,"text":"Eli Lev Goes the Distance on “Way Out West”\nFolk artist, Eli Lev, originally from the DC area, is known most for his smooth vocals, catchy melodies, and out of the box ideas. Lev just recently released a crowdsourced, fan involved video for his track, “Chasing Daylight.” With weeks of work behind it, the video features Eli Lev fans from all around the world, singing and smiling to his uplifting track. Now, Eli is ready to give his fans even more songs to sing along to, with the newest release of his full EP, Way Out West.\nUnconventional in the most refreshing way possible, Eli Lev is now officially at the halfway point of his four album project, Four Direction EPs. Way Out West, is album release number two out of four, right in front of his previous EP, All Roads East, which features notable tracks like, “Making Space” and “Go Down.”\nWith five diverse yet cohesive tracks, Way Out West is centered around Eli’s smooth voice and acoustic guitar. In a way, this EP seems to be going in a completely different direction than his previous EP, yet still incorporating important elements that worked from his past tracks.\nThis EP feels comforting for its listeners, in it’s uplifting lyrics and “looking forward” attitude. With songs like, “Oh My Lord”, “Water” , and his most recent single release, “Treason”. This EP reminds listeners that it’s okay to live in the moment, and it’s okay to look back on your past for lessons to learn from.\nWith Way Out West, Eli Lev delivers a gift of relatability, honesty, and sincerity through his music, and although we don’t know what direction Eli will be taking us next, we know that we are definitely ready for this music journey with him.\nListen to Way Out West here: https://soundcloud.com/elilevmusic/\nFind Eli Lev Here:\nhttps://eli-lev.com\nhttp://www.facebook.com/elilevmusic\nhttps://www.instagram.com/elilevmusic\nhttps://twitter.com/elilevmusic\nhttp://www.youtube.com/elilevmusic\nEli Lev on Spotify\n← Tara Lett Brings The Christmas Party! To Your Home\nThe New COOL LIFE Record is HOT! →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line642723"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6390669941902161,"wiki_prob":0.6390669941902161,"text":"Brewers and Admirals Announce 2-Man Advantage Ticket Package\nPosted: Nov 24, 2015 4:51 PM CST\nThe Milwaukee Brewers and Milwaukee Admirals announced the continuation of the “2-Man Advantage” ticket package that was originally introduced for the 2008 season.\nThe joint ticket opportunity is a part of the partnership established by the two teams in 2005.\nThe ticket package includes one “Stern & Bow” ticket to one of three Brewers promotion nights at the BMO Harris Bradley Center for an Admirals home game and one Terrace Reserved ticket to one of three select Brewers games at Miller Park during the 2016 season, all for only $22. The package is valued at $37.50. The dates available to fans for the ticket deal are as follows:\nSaturday, January 9, 2016– Milwaukee Admirals vs. Iowa Wild at 7:00 p.m. –\nBrewers/Admirals Ice Scraper Giveaway (First 2,500 Fans)\nFriday, February 12, 2016 – Milwaukee Admirals vs. Rockford IceHogs at 7:00 p.m. –\nBrewers/Admirals Travel Coffee Mug Giveaway (First 2,500 Fans)\nFriday, March 18, 2016 – Milwaukee Admirals vs. Charlotte Checkers at 7:00 p.m. –\nBrewers Buy One, Get One Free Ticket Voucher (All Fans)\nSaturday, April 9, 2016 – Milwaukee Brewers vs. Houston Astros at 6:10 p.m.\nFriday, April 29, 2016 – Milwaukee Brewers vs. Miami Marlins at 7:10 p.m.\nFriday, May 13, 2016 – Milwaukee Brewers vs. San Diego Padres at 7:10 p.m.\nFor more information or to purchase tickets, please call the Brewers Ticket Office at 414-902-4000 or visit Brewers.com/admirals. These packages are also available by contacting the Milwaukee Admirals Ticket Office at 414-227-0550. Packages will be available beginning tomorrow, Wednesday, November 25 at 9 a.m. and continue through Thursday, March 17, 2016.\nIn addition to this special ticket package, the Admirals will sport the “M” logo on their jerseys as the Brewers are the exclusive jersey sponsor of the team. Announcements during the game, dasherboard signage at the BMO Harris Bradley Center, radio spots during broadcasts and in-game promotions where fans can win Brewers prize packs are also a part of the partnership between the two clubs.\nThe Milwaukee Admirals are a member of the American Hockey League and are an affiliate of the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line411908"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5739129185676575,"wiki_prob":0.42608708143234253,"text":"Price distortions slow economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa\nKym Anderson, Markus Brückner 07 October 2011\nReal income in sub-Saharan Africa has grown by less than 1% per year over the past half century. Yet within this dismal statistic, there is wide variation. This column explores the policy reforms that may have caused growth to flourish or stagnate.\nEconomic growth in sub-Saharan Africa has been slow for decades (Easterly and Levine 1997, Ndulu and O'Connell 2007).\nSub-Saharan African real income per capita grew at less than 1% over the past half century (Heston et al 2009).\nSome countries have enjoyed faster growth in recent years, but the reasons for that acceleration, and the extent of its sustainability, are still uncertain (Page 2009, Arbache and Page 2010).\nAmong the candidates, though, are reductions in distortions to producer incentives, particularly to farmers who over that time period accounted for more than half of African labour and between one quarter and one third of the region’s GDP.\nA database recently compiled as part of a World Bank study on policy distortions to agricultural incentives since 1955 reveals that there have been numerous price and trade policy reforms in Africa since the 1980s, although they have not been as extensive as reforms in Asia or even Latin America (Anderson and Valenzuela 2008, Anderson 2009, Anderson and Masters 2010). That raises the question: How much can differences in reforms explain differences in national economic growth rates within Africa? To address that question, we have made use of the World Bank’s distortions database plus other variables to examine econometrically sub-Saharan Africa's patchy growth performance.\nFigure 1 plots the time-series evolution of our measure of relative agricultural price distortions for each of the 14 sub-Saharan African countries for which a full set of data is available. It is clear from this Figure that, for the majority of those sub-Saharan African countries, there was a strong policy bias against agriculture over the past half century (a negative relative rate of assistance). The relative rate of assistance is the ratio of the nominal rates of assistance to agricultural and the non-agricultural tradables, where the nominal rate of assistance is defined as the percentage by which government policies directly raise the gross return to producers of a product above what it would be without the government’s intervention (or lowered it, if NRA<0). Another stylised fact that emerges from Figure 1 is that there is also substantial RRA variation across time and countries. For example, in Ethiopia, Madagascar, and Tanzania there was a continuous reduction in policy biases against agriculture, while in countries such as Zambia and Zimbabwe the strong bias against agriculture has persisted.\nFigure 1. Time-series plots of the relative rate of assistance to agriculturea\nNotes: aThe relative rate of assistance (RRA) is defined as RRA = [(100+NRAagt)/(100+NRAnonagt)] - 1\nwhere NRAagt and NRAnonagt are the percentage NRAs for the tradables parts of the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors, respectively, and NRA is the percentage by which gross returns to producers of a product have been raised directly by government policies above what they would be without the government’s intervention (or lowered it, if NRA<0). Source: Anderson and Brueckner (2011).\nCasual empiricism supports the expectation of economists that reductions in distortions are associated with faster economic growth. Tanzania, for example, halved its distortion to the relative price of farm products over the 1985-2005 period, during which time its income per capita increased by over 30%. By contrast, over the same period Zimbabwe increased its distortions to relative agricultural prices by over 50% and experienced a drop in income per capita of more than 25%. Other less-extreme examples during the 1960-80 period include Madagascar, which experienced an increase in relative agricultural price distortions of more than 50% when its real income per capita fell by more than 10%, and Uganda, which experienced a fourfold increase in relative agricultural price distortions and a decrease in real income per capita of over 25%.\nThe econometric challenges\nBut such country examples do not prove that those price distortions slowed economic growth. There could be country-specific factors, for example ethnic divisions, that affect economic growth beyond their effect on the political economy of price distortions. Empirical analysis requires rigorous panel-data regressions that control for country as well as year fixed effects. Our estimation strategy hence takes into account that there are deep and sometimes difficult-to-measure differences across sub-Saharan African countries in terms of history, geography, and ethnicity.\nAnother empirical challenge is to allow for the possibility of reverse causality, with impact going from income (say, due to political economy mechanisms) to price distortions. We address this issue by building on the by now well-established literature showing that rainfall and international commodity price shocks have a significant effect on income in sub-Saharan African countries. Using rainfall and international commodity price shocks as instruments for growth, we examine and quantify the size of the reverse causal effect that income growth has on price distortions. By doing so, we obtain an estimate of the response of price distortions to growth. With this estimate in hand, we adjust for endogeneity of price distortions when estimating the effects that these distortions have on economic growth.\nWhat our study found\nOur key finding is that policy-induced price distortions had a quantitatively large negative effect on economic growth. In other words, reductions in those distortions in recent decades have contributed significantly to economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. More specifically, a one standard-deviation decrease in distortions to relative agricultural prices raised real GDP per capita growth in the region by about half a percentage point per annum on average (Anderson and Bruckner 2011).\nOur finding of a statistically significant and quantitatively large negative effect of distortions to relative agricultural prices on sub-Saharan African economic growth is important for several reasons.\nFirst, it implies that reducing distortions to incentives faced by even the world’s poorest farmers can be growth-enhancing. Thus this result does not support the view that there are significant growth benefits associated with supporting manufacturing and other sectors at the expense of agriculture.\nSecond, our finding suggests that the returns from investments in agricultural development will be greater in countries with less-distorted relative prices. Since funding for agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa is expanding rapidly at present, particularly via development assistance programmes1, our findings provide additional empirical support to those arguing that aid flows would be more effective in those African countries that have reduced, or are willing to reduce, their anti-agricultural policy bias.\nThird, our empirical analysis shows that there is a significant within-country effect of policy distortions on economic growth. This is an important result. It implies that the relationship between price distortions and economic growth is unlikely to be a consequence of the strong ethnic divisions that characterise many sub-Saharan African countries. The reason is that ethnic divisions, as measured by countries' ethnic fractionalisation or polarisation, are mostly time-invariant variables. Hence, these variables cannot be a cause of within-country variations in price distortions. From an economic policy viewpoint, this is important because it suggests that in African countries there are significant factors that influence economic growth other than ethnic divisions.\nAnderson, K (ed.) (2009), Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: A Global Perspective, 1955–2007, Palgrave Macmillan and World Bank.\nAnderson, K and E Valenzuela (2008), Global Estimates of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, 1955 to 2007.\nAnderson, K and M Brueckner (2011), “Price Distortions and Economic Growth in sub-Saharan Africa”, CEPR Discussion Paper No. 8530.\nAnderson, K and W Masters (eds.) (2009), Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa, World Bank.\nArbache, JS and J Page (2010), “How Fragile is Africa's Recent Growth?”, Journal of African Economies, 19(1):1-24.\nEasterly, W and R Levine (1997), “Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(4):1203-1250.\nHeston, A, R Summers, and B Aten (2009), Penn World Table Version 6.3, Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices, University of Pennsylvania.\nNdulu, BJ and SA O'Connell (2007), “Policy Plus: African Growth Performance 1960-2000”, Ch1 (pp. 3-75) in BJ Ndulu, P Collier, RH Bates and S O'Connell (eds.), The Political Economy of Economic Growth in Africa, 1960-2000, Cambridge University Press.\nPage, J (2009), “Africa’s Growth Turnaround: From Fewer Mistakes to Sustained Growth”, Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper No. 54, World Bank.\n1 See, for example, the wide range of major donor partners that have joined with the Alliance for a Green Revolution for Africa, at www.agra-alliance.org/section/links and the Partnership to Cut Hunger and Poverty in Africa, at www.partnership-africa.org, as well as the contribution from the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation at www.gatesfoundation.org/agriculturaldevelopment/Pages/default.aspx.\nTopics: Development\nTags: sub-Saharan Africa, regulation, ethnic divisions\nKym Anderson\nGeorge Gollin Professor Emeritus of Economics at the University of Adelaide; Honorary Professor of Economics at the Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University; and CEPR Research Fellow\nMarkus Brückner\nProfessor of Economics, University of Queensland","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line901488"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5095911026000977,"wiki_prob":0.49040889739990234,"text":"Academic Dialogues\nProgram HUM\nSymposium on History & Archaeology\nA Small Symposium on History & Archaeology\nas part of the 9th Annual International Conference on Humanities & Arts in a Global World\n3-6 January 2022, Athens, Greece\nSponsored by the Athens Journal of History & the Athens Journal of Humanities & Arts\nThe Arts, Humanities and Education Division of ATINER is organizing a Small Symposium on History & Archaeology as part of the 9th Annual International Conference on Humanities & Arts in a Global World which will be held in Athens, Greece on 3-6 January 2022. The symposium is sponsored by the Athens Journal of History & the Athens Journal of Humanities & Arts.\nThe aim of the symposium is to bring together scholars and students of all areas of history, archaeology and other related disciplines. You may participate as presenter of one paper or observer.\nFee structure information is available on www.atiner.gr/fees.\nSpecial arrangements will be made with a local hotel for a limited number of rooms at a special conference rate. In addition, a number of special events will be organized: A pragmatic symposium (as organized in Ancient Athens but fine tuned to synchronous ethics), a special one-day educational island tour, an Athens educational walking tour, and an one-day visit to Delphi. Details of the social program are available here.\nPlease submit an abstract (email only) to: atiner@atiner.gr, using the abstract submission form by the 22 November 2021 to: Dr. Steven Oberhelman, Professor of Classics, Holder of the George Sumey Jr Endowed Professorship of Liberal Arts, and Associate Dean, Texas A&M University, USA, Vice President of International Programs, ATINER and Editor of the Athens Journal of History or Dr. Nicholas Pappas, Vice President of Academic Membership, ATINER & Professor of History, Sam Houston University, USA. Please include: Title of Paper, Full Name (s), Current Position, Institutional Affiliation, an email address and at least 3 keywords that best describe the subject of your submission. Decisions will be reached within four weeks of your submission.\nIf your submission is accepted, you will receive information on registration deadlines and paper submission requirements. Should you wish to participate in the Conference without presenting a paper, for example, to chair a session, to evaluate papers which are to be included in the conference proceedings or books, to contribute to the editing of a book, or any other contribution, please send an email to Dr. Gregory T. Papanikos, President, ATINER & Honorary Professor, University of Stirling, UK (gregory.papanikos@stir.ac.uk).\nATINER was established in 1995 as an independent academic association and its mission is to act as a forum, where academics and researchers – from all over the world – can meet in Athens in order to exchange ideas on their research and to discuss future developments in their disciplines.\nAcademically, the Association is organized into 6 Divisions and 37 Units and 6 Centers. Each Unit organizes at least an Annual International Conference, and may also undertake various small and large research projects.\nSee the Committee here\nDr. Gregory T. Papanikos, President, ATINER & Honorary Professor, University of Stirling, UK.\nDr. Nicholas Pappas, Vice President of Academic Membership, ATINER & Professor of History, Sam Houston University, USA.\nDr. David A. Frenkel, LL.D., Head, Law Unit, ATINER & Emeritus Professor, Law Area, Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.\nDr. Panagiotis Petratos, Vice President of ICT, ATINER, Fellow, Institution of Engineering and Technology & Professor, Department of Computer Information Systems, California State University, Stanislaus, USA.\nDr. Chris Sakellariou, Vice President of Financial Affairs, ATINER, Greece & Associate Professor, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.\nDr. David Philip Wick, Director, Arts, Humanities and Education Division, ATINER & Retired Professor of History, Gordon College, USA.\nDr. Steven Oberhelman, Vice President of International Programs, ATINER & Professor of Classics, Holder of the George Sumey Jr Endowed Professorship of Liberal Arts, and Associate Dean, Texas A&M University, USA.\nDr. Jayoung Che, Head, History Unit, ATINER & Visiting Professor, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea.\nDr. Stamos Metzidakis, Head, Literature Unit, ATINER, & Professor, Washington University in Saint Louis, USA.\nDr. Patricia Hanna, Head, Philosophy Unit, ATINER & Professor of Philosophy & Linguistics, University of Utah, USA.\nDr. Valia Spiliotopoulos, Head, Languages & Linguistics Unit, ATINER and Instructor, Department of Language and Literacy Education, The University of British Columbia, Canada.\nDr. Stephen Andrew Arbury, Head, Arts & Culture Unit, ATINER & Professor of Art History, Radford University, USA.\nDr. Nicholas Patricios, Director, Engineering & Architecture Division, ATINER & Professor & Dean Emeritus, School of Architecture, University of Miami, USA.\nDr. Carmen Cozma, Academic Member, ATINER & Professor, Department of Philosophy, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania.\nDr. Vasileios Adamidis, Lecturer, Nottingham Trent University, UK.\nDr. Tatiana Tsakiropoulou-Summers, Director, Center for Classical & Byzantine Studies (ACCBS) & Associate Professor, The University of Alabama, USA.\nDr. Franco Scalenghe, Independent Scholar Former member of the Laboratorio Internazionale di Genetica e Biofisica (LIGB) of the CNR (National Research Council), Naples, Italy.\nAbstract Submitting Form","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line669945"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7453410625457764,"wiki_prob":0.7453410625457764,"text":"After Bolling: School Desegregation in DC\nMost chronologies of the fight for school desegregation often leave off at the Supreme Court decision, a nice bow-on-top finish to a long struggle against segregation, but in reality, the process of integrating the schools was far from over.\nFor The Blackbyrds, Making Music was a Walk in the Park\nin DC by Lori Wysong\nIf you’re from the D.C. area, you know Rock Creek Park for its hiking trails and scenic views. But if you’re from any other part of the country, you might recognize it best from the 1975 song, “Rock Creek Park.” The song’s minimalist verse describes happenings at the local park after sundown...\nEli Nugent's Asbury Chapel\nWhen Reverend Eli Nugent witnessed the silencing and segregation of fellow Black worshippers at a D.C. church, he decided that his community would be better off worshipping somewhere else. His efforts created one of the first and oldest Black churches in the city: Asbury United Methodist.\nLocal Activists, Backed by District's Black Churches, Led the Fight for DC School Desegregation\nThe history of school desegregation in the District is rooted in civil disobedience. The story is one of a grassroots organization of parents that challenged the institution of legalized segregation to guarantee better schools for their children. Throughout the seven-year struggle, the activists were supported by the District's Black churches, and their mission was grounded in the principles of faith and social justice.\nRazing the Mother Church: The Sale and Destruction of Saint Augustine Catholic Church\nFor seventy years, St. Augustine Catholic Church, at 15th and L St., NW, was the place where Washington's Black Catholics were baptized, married, and laid to rest. Known as \"The Mother Church\" of Black Catholics, the property was sold to The Washington Post in 1946. The transaction caught many parishioners by surprise and caused a rift with the white leadership of the Archdiocese.\nAnti-Lynching Activism at Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Church\nin DC by Lisa Dupree\nIn the late 1800s, Metropolitan A.M.E. Church was a center for anti-lynching activism in Washington, D.C. Famed journalist Ida Wells-Barnett addressed the church on at least two occasions and, in 1894, Frederick Douglass delivered one of his last speeches from the Metropolitan A.M.E. pulpit. Entitled “The Lessons of the Hour” Douglass's address was an epic condemnation of lynching – from its pervasiveness, to its general acceptance amongst both Southern and Northern whites.\n\"Our Neighbor\" Bill Clinton\nIn 1993, then President-elect Bill Clinton’s choice of location for his inaugural morning prayer service was certainly a departure from precedent. For the first time in history, this time honored tradition took place at a historically Black church: Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal on M Street in downtown Washington. Church officials and clergy were pleased -- as Metropolitan administrator Roslyn Stewart Christian said: “He picked a neighborhood church … 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is right around the corner. He intends to be our president, our leader and our neighbor.”\nWhat's in a Name? Chevy Chase\nThough most Americans (and Google) associate the name with Cornelius “Chevy” Chase, the actor of National Lampoon fame, those of us in the D.C. area know that Chevy Chase, Maryland had it first. Rumor has it, though, that the man and the town actually get their names from the same place: an English ballad that’s at least 500 years old.\nIn 1814, Washington was Woefully Unprepared to Defend the Young Capital\nThe U.S. Capitol Building has been attacked a small handful of times, but the first and most devastating assault on the seat of American democracy in 1814 by the British army bears a striking resemblance to the events of January 6, 2021.\nWhat's in a Name? Anacostia\nHow did the historic D.C. neighborhood of Anacostia get its name? The short answer is, of course, its proximity to the Anacostia River; but the river has its own history that’s worth unpacking. Like the Potomac, Anacostia’s name can be traced back to the area’s Indigenous population – in this case, the Nacotchtank of the Algonquian stock.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1306063"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.552942156791687,"wiki_prob":0.447057843208313,"text":"International Traffic Medicine\n(ITMA)\nAs Adopted 3 November, 2000\nand Amended at Cairo World Congress, 24 September 2002\nand Amended at Special Board Meeting, 27 January 2003\nName, Logo, and Language\nSection 1. Name. This Association, founded in San Remo, Italy, on December 10, 1960, with the name the International Association for Accident and Traffic Medicine, was, on 3 November 2000, renamed the International Traffic Medicine Association (ITMA), hereinafter referred to as ITMA, or the Association.\nSection 2. The ITMA Logo. The ITMA Logo is the property of the Association and cannot be used without written permission of the President on behalf of the Executive Committee. In doubtful cases, the Executive Committee shall be consulted.\nSection 3. Language. The official language of ITMA and its World Congresses shall be English. All written and spoken scientific content of World Congresses shall be English. Ceremonial proceedings may include use of other languages, as determined by the President of the World Congress.\nSection 1. Document Titled “Policies and Procedures”. ITMA will maintain the latest revision of a document titled “Policies and Procedures”. This will specify details of day-to-day operations. It can be modified by a majority vote at a Meeting of the Board of Directors. Nothing contained in the “Policies and Procedures” may be in conflict with these Bylaws.\nSection 1. Eligibility. Membership is open to road-vehicle traffic safety researchers; physicians; emergencymedical-care providers; automotive, traffic, roadway, and electronic engineers; epidemiologists; psychologists; behavioral scientists; participants in law enforcement, policymaking, or legislation concerning traffic safety; and others pursuing the Association’s goal of reducing human harm from traffic crashes. Because harm from vehicular traffic crashes is a major worldwide problem, the Association’s membership is expected to be distributed throughout the world.\nSection 2. Members. Eligible persons are members and entitled to vote if they have filled in the Association’s membership application form giving details of their occupation or other activities related to the goals of the Association and have paid the annual dues as determined by the Board.\nSection 3. Termination. Membership is ended by (a) resignation, (b) failure to meet the membership requirements listed in Sections 1 and 2, unless excused for good cause, or (c) expulsion by a two-thirds vote at a regular or special meeting of the membership or Board of Directors for conduct unbecoming a member or prejudicial to the aims or reputation of the organization, after notice and the opportunity for a hearing.\nWorld Congresses and Membership Meetings\nSection 1. World Congresses World Congresses will be held at times and places determined by the Board, and conducted in accord with Policies and Procedures.\nSection 2. Annual Meeting and Regular Meetings. The annual meeting and any additional regular meetings shall be held at times and places fixed by the Board of Directors. In years in which there are World Congresses, an Annual Meeting will take place at the World Congress. Members shall be informed of these meetings at least 10 days but not more than 60 days before the meeting. Annual meetings shall include elections to fill vacancies in the board of directors, presentation of a financial report for the preceding fiscal year, and such other matters as are properly determined by the membership.\nSection 3. Special Meetings. A special membership meeting may be called by the President at any time, and must be called upon petition in writing of any five members, provided that notice, including the time, place, and purposes of the meeting is provided to members at least 10 days but not more than 60 days before the special meeting. A special meeting shall act only on matters included in the notice.\nSection 4. Quorum, Voting, and Procedures. At any membership meeting, 10 members shall constitute a quorum, and unless otherwise provided in these bylaws or in Robert’s Rules of Order, a majority of those present can decide any matter if a quorum is present. Each member present may cast one vote; no votes may be cast by proxy.\nExcept as otherwise provided in these bylaws, meetings of the membership shall be conducted in accordance with the current edition of Robert’s Rules of Order.\nSection 1. Composition, Selection, Removal, and Terms. The affairs and property of the organization shall be managed by a Board of Directors (hereafter Board) consisting of 13 to16 directors, as determined by the Board. The Board of Directors is comprised of :\nThe Officers of the Board\nOne Director representing each of 7 to 10 geographic regions. These geographic regions will cover the\nentire world, as recorded in “Policies and Procedures”\nThe Immediate Past President\nUp to 3 other Directors\nSection 2. Eligibility for Board Membership. Only members of ITMA may be nominated for election to the Board. Only members of ITMA may be members of the Board. A Board member who has allowed a period of more than three months to elapse without paying membership dues will be presumed to have resigned from the Board.\nSection 3. Election of Directors. Each director except the Immediate Past President, the President Elect and the President is elected by a plurality vote of the entire membership at an annual meeting for a term that ends at the next annual meeting or when a successor takes office. The President-Elect is normally elected at an Annual Meeting taking place at a World Congress, and holds that office until the term of the President ends, at which time the President-Elect automatically assumes the office of President. The President normally assumes, and leaves, office at an Annual Meeting taking place at a World Congress. Normally, the President’s term of office will be more than two years, but less than five years, as determined by agreement with the Board. If any other elected directorship is vacated by death, resignation, inability to serve, or other cause, the Board may select a person to serve until the next annual meeting.\nSection 4. Nominations Committee. The President will appoint a nominations committee chair. This chair will appoint additional ITMA members to the nominations committee. This committee will prepare a slate of candidates to recommend to the membership at the Annual Meeting. Members will be informed of the recommendations at least 10 days before the annual meeting. Additional candidates my be nominated by any member at the Annual Meeting.\nSection 5. Meetings. The Board shall hold regular meetings at times and places it determines, and each director shall receive notice at least 10 days before each regular meeting of the time, place, and proposed agenda. A special meeting shall be held on the call of the President or any three directors, with not less than 24 hours advance notice to each director of the time, place, and purpose; a special meeting shall act only on matters included in the notice.\nSection 6. Conduct of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, all decisions of the Board shall be made at a meeting attended by a quorum. A quorum shall consist of one-third of the directors then in office. No director may cast a vote by proxy. Directors holding more than one office may cast only one vote. No director shall vote on a matter that could create a personal conflict of interests unless the possible nature of the conflict has been disclosed to the Board and the other members present by a majority vote permit the member to vote. Except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, meetings of the Board shall be conducted in accordance with the current edition of Robert’s Rules of Order.\nSection 7. Committees. The Board may create such committees as it requires and may delegate to them any of its powers, subject to the Board’s power to review and revise committee decisions. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the President may appoint the members and designate the chairperson of each committee.\nSection 1. Offices, Terms, and Selection. The officers include the President, the President-Elect, the Secretary, the Treasurer, and other officers that the Board may designate. Additional offices may be created and filled by action of the Board, and one director may hold more than one office. The Treasurer and Secretary are elected as part of the “Election of Board Members” (Article 5, Section 3).\nSection 2. Duties. The officers shall perform the duties normally associated with their offices except as otherwise provided in these bylaws and shall perform such additional duties as are determined by the Board. The President shall preside at membership, Board, and Executive Committee meetings. If the President is unable to preside, the President Elect shall preside; if the President Elect is unable to preside, those present shall select a person to preside. During any period of absence or disability of the President and President Elect, an officer selected by the Board shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President. The Treasurer shall manage all funds pursuant to policies adopted by the Board and as provided in Article 7, Section 3.\nSection 3. Executive Committee. The officers, plus others the Board may chose to designate, shall constitute an Executive Committee, which may exercise any powers of the Board between meetings of the Board, unless otherwise provided by law or in the Articles of Incorporation or these bylaws, except that the Executive Committee cannot amend the Articles of Incorporation or these bylaws, cannot reverse a decision previously made by the Board, and cannot elect or remove an officer. Except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, all decisions of the Executive Committee shall be made at a meeting attended by a quorum consisting of at least half of its members. No Executive Committee member may cast a vote by proxy. No Executive Committee member shall vote on a matter that could create a personal conflict of interests unless the possible nature of the conflict has been disclosed to the Executive Committee and the other members present by a majority vote permit the member to vote.\nSection 1. Acceptance of Funds. Grants, donations, bequests, and other funds and property may be accepted from any source in conformity with policies adopted by the Board.\nSection 2. Depository Accounts. All funds of the organization shall be placed in such depository or investment accounts as the Board may designate. Checks must be signed by persons authorized as signers by the Board.\nSection 3. Management of Funds. The Treasurer shall be the principal custodian of all funds, shall see that accurate books of account are maintained, shall ensure compliance with government tax, reporting, and other requirements, and shall provide the Board with financial reports and statements as needed. All financial records shall be open to inspection by any director or member.\nSection 4. Payments to Directors and Officers. There shall be no compensation for serving as an officer or director. Out of pocket expenses paid by Directors and Officers in executing their official ITMA duties, supported by receipts when normally provided, will be reimbursed. Directors and Officers may enter into contracts with ITMA to provide special services that are compensated.\nSection 5. Disbursement of funds. The treasurer, or other officer or officers, specified in Policies and Procedures, may write checks against ITMA funds in payment for ITMA goods and services provided the amount is not more than that specified in Policies and Procedures. If the amount exceeds that in Policies and Procedures, at least two Board Members, as specified in Policies and Procedures, must approve the payment.\nSection 6. Fiscal Year. The financial records and reports of the organization shall be based on a fiscal year ending December 31.\nAmendment of Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws\nSection 1. Amendment. The Articles of Incorporation or these bylaws may be amended by vote of a majority of the members present at any membership meeting attended by a quorum, provided notice of the intent to amend is provided to members at least 20 days before the meeting, including the text or a fair summary of the intended amendment.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1526654"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7095232009887695,"wiki_prob":0.7095232009887695,"text":"Google to pay some media publishers for high-quality news content\nGlobal tech behemoth, Google has decided to put an end on its ongoing spat with publishers by announcing that it would pay some media groups for their news content. Reportedly, Google is planning to remunerate some media groups in Brazil, Germany, and Australia for their high-quality content.\nThe search engine giant has previously tried to circumvent payment deals demanded by news publishers around the world in return for using their content. Among these groups, European media groups are one of the tech giant’s harshest critics.\nRecently in a blog post, Google's vice-president for news, Brad Bender wrote that the company is launching a licensing program to remunerate publishers for high-quality content which will be used for Google’s news experience releasing around the fourth quarter of 2020. The company would work with publishers from across multiple countries, with several more to be added in the coming years.\nApparently, the new product would be available on the company’s News and Discover section. Google is willing to pay for free access to paywalled articles on a publisher's website. However, the European Publishers Council expects that the standard norm should be designed only for leading platforms.\nAccording to Angela Mills Wade, Executive Director, European Publishers Council, the current scenario where no licenses are settled with Google is highly unacceptable.\nMeanwhile, publishers working on this project are Brazil's A Gazeta and Diarios Associados; Germany's Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Der Spiegel, Rheinische Post, and Die Zeit; along with Australian groups The Conversation, Solstice Media, and Schwartz Media.\nAs for France's competition authority, it has directed Google to pay publishers in France for their high-quality content. Whereas, Australia has made it clear that it would force tech giants like Facebook and Google to share their advertising revenue with Australian media groups.\nSource Credit: https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/google-to-pay-some-publishers-for-content-others-dubious-2020-06-25","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line48261"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7555083632469177,"wiki_prob":0.7555083632469177,"text":"Outside Lands 2018: A return to form in Year 11\nAugust 17, 2018 by Kevin J Quandt Leave a Comment\nPhotos by Norm de Veyra // Written by Kevin Quandt //\nOutside Lands Music and Arts Festival //\nGolden Gate Park – San Francisco\nAugust 10th-12th, 2018 //\nAs another summer festival season winds down, we look back at the 2018 edition of Outside Lands with highlights, thoughts, musings and enough images to make you nostalgic for the Bay Area’s banner music festival. With the Superfly, Another Planet Entertainment and Starr Hill event celebrating its 11th edition, this incarnation of the annual Golden Gate Park soirée saw more of a return to form over the past year while also experiencing a notable shift in the sound that could be heard emanating through the eucalyptus and other flora.\nWhile cancellations left a slightly sour taste in the mouths of last year’s attendees, this year only saw limited lineup hiccups. However, the bigger story at hand surrounds the changing tides of popular music. Sure, you’ve heard folks state “rock is dead,” but is a once-amusing quip starting to take greater shape as the youth clamor for a different sound and aesthetic? Though it was pretty evident on the 2018 lineup poster when it dropped in April, this query started to take greater shape once you were on the grounds and bouncing between sets. So, let’s jump straight into this now.\nDay 1 at Outside Lands tends to be a slow trickle of fans entering the park as some are able to play hooky, bounce from the office early or only show up for the headliners. Sure, some folks had to deal with longer-than-expected box office lines and others even had to bear the fest’s new bag policies, but luckily those in attendance were blessed with some clear skies instead of the usual August dread of the Outer Lands.\nWhile Billie Eilish was relishing in her rising appeal on the Lands End stage, covering Drake and running through the majority of her singles, Rex Orange County was trying his hand at something a bit new and terrifying. The UK wunderkind was forced to play his first-ever solo festival set as his band and their gear ran into transit issues on the way to SF from the Pacific Northwest. The young crooner seemed a bit nervous about this predicament but competently knocked out a solid, eight-song performance that included “Sunflower” and closer “Loving Is Easy”.\nN.E.R.D., meanwhile, played their first SF show in many years to a raucous crowd, opening with “Anti Matter” as a hyped Pharrell Williams feverishly worked every corner of the huge Lands End stage. The set featured a massive medley of tracks by The Neptunes, a cover of “Seven Nation Army” and a double dose of “Lemon” to send us on our way to the next set.\nSimultaneously, Carly Rae Jepsen was apparently throwing down one of Outside Lands’ most enjoyable performances in front of a rather large crowd. While the pop sensation pleased the masses with a rendition of her breakout hit “Call Me Maybe”, she also performed more recent songs like “Emotion”.\nODESZA obviously drew a large crowd for their main stage afternoon showcase, putting the spotlight on the changing tides and tastes of the youth music market. That kind of youthful angst and energy seemed to be danced out to ODESZA, DJ Snake and Big Gigantic compared to the pits of rock bands from the 2000’s, be it Queens of the Stone Age, System of a Down or Deftones.\nWith the under-25 crowd predominantly stationed at Lands End, you could say there was a more intimate feeling at Twin Peaks for Father John Misty. Touting his expanded band that featured a string section and dialing back his quirky stage banter, Josh Tillman’s latest tour has been pretty much about presenting his music as faithfully as he can. “Nancy From Now On” opened his career-spanning performance as the shadows began to drape the park.\nWhile FJM’s attendance was noticeably a bit small for a rock act, the king of “jizz jazz,” aka Mac DeMarco, was able to attract a rowdy crowd for his closing set on the Sutro stage. When the synth sections of “On the Level” opened DeMarco’s set, a certain air of relaxation swept the crowd as various smokeables were consumed in honor of indie-slacker royalty onstage.\nAbel Tesfaye, popularly known as The Weeknd, enjoyed a sort of victory lap as he headlined the festival’s first day with an onslaught of hits such as “Starboy”, “Can’t Feel My Face” and “The Hills”, along with a few select covers of Future, Belly, Drake and Ty Dolla $ign. Though Tesfaye’s current large-scale show is nothing new to the live music circuit, he still threw one helluva party before sending the masses into the wilds of the City.\nIt has been a couple of years since Outside Lands was fortunate enough to have a truly clear, sunny Saturday — and not just for a few hours, but the whole damn day. Plus, it was topped off with another insanely gorgeous sunset, but let’s not jump the gun here.\nAs the day got underway, New York indie artist Amen Dunes performed an extremely tight set, showcasing his wavy take on psychedelic rock/folk. Led by Damon McMahon, the trio played heavy off its most recent release Freedom while also not completely ignoring its back catalog. Moreover, McMahon’s stage presence was infectious and somewhat akin to R.E.M.’s Michael Stipe, as his slender build moved to the emotive nature of his craft.\nOn the opposite end of the spectrum, Lizzo was bringing down the early-afternoon house as she decimated the Lands End stage. “Fitness” opened her 10-song set as her pair of dancers, as well as Lizzo herself, left everything on the stage for the sizable crowd that was yearning for her energy, and some even yearned for a shot of tequila from her bottle of Patrón as she entered the photo pit for an up-close appearance during closing song “Good as Hell”.\nWhen the Lizzo crowd dispersed, Broken Social Scene fans got prime real estate to catch the Canadian indie-rock demigods perform a blistering set of guitar-heavy tunes like opener “KC Accidental” and closer “Anthems for a Seventeen Year-Old Girl”. Even in such a large setting, the massive band was able to cook up a sense of intimacy and really engage.\nWhile OSL this year leaned more toward R&B, electronic pop and other hip genres, UK jazz purveyors GoGo Penguin delivered a stunning set of avant-garde-leaning jazz. This punchy trio showed their chops over tracks like “One Percent” and set closer “Window” and could easily be compared to The Bad Plus. GoGo were a perfect palate cleanser before heading to more current stylings from either SOB X RBE or CHVRCHES.\nLocal legend Tycho performed to an enthusiastic crowd while Scott Hansen stated this would be the last incarnation of this phase for the group (we look forward to the next chapter). Back over at Lands End, Bon Iver delivered a prototypically powerful set as the sunlight dwindled, simultaneously providing a seriously stunning sunset.\nAs the limited amount of darkness fell over the park, one-third of The xx was preparing to hold court as the Sutro crowd swelled, moving their dancing feet to the new-school dance pioneer known as Jamie xx (born James Smith). Even as Jamie xx eased into his intro (The Animals’ “San Francisco Nights”) and more fans pushed in, it was rather evident that the Sutro’s sound system wasn’t able to fully reach the volume many were looking for. But an Above & Beyond nod (“Sun in Your Eyes”) eventually led straight into Smith’s mix of “On Hold” and all was right in the world, if only for about eight minutes.\nThere was a bit of controversy surrounding Saturday’s main slot as Florence + the Machine officially made the move to full-blown festival headliner. Some festivalgoers had their own doubts after FYF Fest 2018 was canceled with a near-identical top billing, but Florence and her bandmates proved, many times over, that she is more than capable of commanding any stage as her energy is unlike many others. She debuted a brand-new show, which featured “June” in the opening slot and was book-ended by “Big God” and “Shake It Out” for a two-song encore.\nJanelle Monáe\nOn the final day, the weather was back on track; by that, I mean it was cold, blustery and generally moist. Most were thankful for the two previous days as opposed to three days of “Karl the Fog,” as has been tradition for a good 3-4 years now.\nThe early afternoon of Sunday bore witness to some very lively performances from up-and-comers like Rainbow Kitten Surprise and Hobo Johnson & the Lovemakers, both of who are primed to make moves in the festival circuit over the next year if they play their cards right.\nContinuing with the trend of electro-leaning acts playing to some big crowds, BØRNS fully commanded a youthful contingent with hits such as “10,000 Emerald Pools” and set closer “Electric Love”.\nThe incomparable Janelle Monáe was a tad late to take the stage, as she was fighting off a stomach bug, but when she did, she captivated the masses with a suite of tracks from her most recent release Dirty Computer and tossed in a fair amount of costume changes over a nearly hour-long set. Monáe proved that she’s easily one of the best in the business at the moment and will only continue to climb upwards.\nOver at the Twin Peaks stage, The Internet was trying to hash out some sort of technical difficulties before beginning their abbreviated performance, which seemed to be a little lopsided and uneven as they did their best to deal with the 30 minutes that they had left. Fortunately, “Girl” got the majority who stuck around swaying to Syd’s sultry vocals and generally chilled demeanor.\nPortugal. The Man held a fleeting rock slot on the main stage, putting their quirky brand of psych-leaning pop rock on display. Moreover, they tossed in some oddly placed Pink Floyd and Beatles covers before closing with their breakthrough hit “Feel It Still”.\nAussie newcomer Tash Sultana, meanwhile, was putting on a masterclass in instrumentation and looping. Sultana has really had one of the biggest breakout years in independent music, and it was clearly evident as she had a carefree stage presence backed by some truly unique, solo-delivered music ripe with psychedelic and world elements. The 23-year-old is certainly a name to watch over the next year and beyond.\nAs the last set of OSL artists got ready to play, James Blake brought us to church for this year’s final performance on the Sutro stage, failing to disappoint while the fog grew slightly thicker in Lindley Meadow. Highlights from Blake’s dreamy set were easily his take on Untold’s track “Stop What You’re Doing” and a semi-rare rendition of “Modern Soul”.\nSome say Janet Jackson couldn’t pull in big crowds amid the current shifting landscape of large-scale music festivals, and although she didn’t pull in record-breaking numbers on a rugged SF night, it was clearly evident that those fans who stayed to watch her were all-in. Jackson’s career-spanning show touched on more than 35 songs and was accompanied by some fierce choreography and production elements. Sure, she wasn’t singing much of the time, but that didn’t stop a wide range of fans from showering Jackson with affection. Her closing performance was highlighted by “That’s the Way Love Goes” and later on, the MJ collaboration “Scream” that transitioned into “Rhythm Nation”.\nAs the music festival industry continues to deal with a shifting crowd and demand, Outside Lands regained its stride after a few hiccups in 2017. And while this year’s lineup might not have appealed to the core demographic from its incarnation, the event still offers something for everyone.\nFiled Under: Editor's Picks, Featured, Festival Reviews, Festivals Tagged With: Amen Dunes, Another Planet Entertainment, Aquilo, Bahamas, BØRNS, Beck, Belly, Big Gigantic, Bon Iver, Broken Social Scene, Carly Rae Jepsen, Chicano Batman, Chromeo, Chvrches, Claptone, Cuco, Daniel Caesar, DJ Snake, Drake, Father John Misty, Florence & the Machine, Future, Golden Gate Park, Goldlink, Gryffin, Hobo Johnson, Hobo Johnson & the Lovemakers, Huey Lewis, Huey Lewis and the News, Illenium, James Blake, Jamie xx, Janet Jackson, Jessie Reyez, Kelela, Lauv, Lizzo, LP, Mac Demarco, Margo Price, N.E.R.D., Odesza, Outside Lands, Outside Lands 2018, Outside Lands Music Festival, Outside Lands Music Festival 2018, Perfume Genius, Poolside, Portugal. The Man, Quinn XCII, R.E.M., Rainbow Kitten Surprise, Rex Orange County, Sabrina Claudio, Shannon and the Clams, Smokepurpp, SOB x RBE, Starr Hill, Superfly, Tash Sultana, The Growlers, The Internet, The Mountain Goats, The Weeknd, Ty Dolla $ign, Tycho, Whethan\nImpending Apocalypse Now: 21 Songs for the End of the World\nDecember 20, 2012 by Mike Frash Leave a Comment\nSubscribe to the “Impending Apocalypse Now” Spotify playlist.\nSo the world ends on Friday. That’s too bad, I was just getting used to Dubstep.\nHere are 21 lucky tracks that somehow relate to the impending apocalypse. And they are pretty great songs too.\n21. David Bowie – “Five Years”\n20. St. Vincent – “The Apocalypse Song”\n19. Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds – “I’ll Love You (Till The End Of The World”\n18. STS9 – “When the Dust Settles”\n17. Andrew Bird – “Yawny At The Apocalypse”\n16. Bright Eyes – “Four Winds”\n15. Creedence Clearwater Revival – “Bad Moon Rising”\n14. R.E.M. – “It’s The End Of The World As We Know It (And I Feel Fine)\n13. The Clash – “London Calling”\n12. The Rolling Stones – “Gimme Shelter”\n11. Muse – “Apocalypse Please”\n10. The Cure – “The End of the World”\n9. Medeski, Martin & Wood – “End Of The World Party”\n8. The Postal Service – “We Will Become Silhouettes”\n7. Radiohead – “Ideoteque”\n6. The Decemberists – “Calamity Song”\n5. Tom Waits – “The Earth Died Screaming”\n4. Morrissey – “Everyday Is Like Sunday”\n3. Metallica – “Blackened”\n2. Tame Impala – “Apocalypse Dreams”\n1. The Doors – “The End”\nFiled Under: BAM of the Week Tagged With: Andrew Bird, Bright Eyes, CCR, David Bowie, Medeski Martin & Wood, Metallica, Morrissey, Muse, Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds, R.E.M., Radiohead, St. Vincent, STS9, Tame Impala, The Clash, The Cure, The Decemberists, The Doors, The Postal Service, The Rolling Stones, Tom Waits","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1750794"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5939773917198181,"wiki_prob":0.5939773917198181,"text":"57-Year-Old Man Arrested For Eating, Selling Human Part\nZamfara State Police Command has arrested a 57-year-old man, Aminu Baba, for allegedly eating and selling human body parts.\nThe state Commissioner of Police, Ayuba Elkana, who paraded the suspect before journalists on Thursday, said Baba connived with three other persons, who usually sold the parts to him at the rate of N500,000 per body.\nThe suspected accomplices were identified as Abdulshakur Mohammed, 20; Buba, 17; and Tukur, 14.\nThe commissioner said the suspect and his collaborators were apprehended based on intelligence information from members of the public.\nREAD ALSO: Senate President Visits Burnt Nguru Market In Yobe\nElkana said, “On December 12, 2021, around 2pm, one Ali Yakubu Aliyu reported at the Central Police Station, Gusau, that his son, Ahmad Yakubu, 9, was missing.\n“On receiving the report, police detectives swung into action and commenced a discreet investigation into the matter.\n“On December 28, 2021, around 9.30am, police detectives received an intelligence report with regards to the earlier report, that on the same date around 9am, the corpse of a human being was found in an uncompleted building at the Barakallahu area, Gusau, with the two hands and legs tied with rags, and the head covered with a polythene bag.”\nThe police boss said detectives proceeded to the scene and found the corpse with some parts removed, adding that the remains were taken to a hospital for an autopsy.\nHe explained that on January 4, 2022, around 2am, police detectives acted on an intelligence report and arrested Baba in connection with the case.\n“During interrogation, the second suspect, Abdulshakur Mohammed, confessed that it was the third time he was contracted by the first suspect, Aminu Baba, to source human parts for him at the sum of N500,000, which he successfully did for the first and the second time, before his arrest.”\nMohammed recalled that he connived with Buba and Tukur to deceive a victim who was taken to an uncompleted building, where they killed him and removed his intestines, oesophagus, private parts and eyes.\nHe claimed that the parts were taken to Baba, who gave them N500,000.\nThe police commissioner said Baba, a father of 19, confessed to the crime, adding that his revelations were assisting the police in the arrest of other members of his gang.\nHe said, “The suspect further confessed that he usually ate the body parts and identified the throat as the most delicious part. He also sold some of the human parts to his customers. Exhibits recovered from the suspect included intestines, oesophagus, penis and two eyes.”\nTags: 57-Year-Old Man, Human parts\nPrevious Senate President Visits Burnt Nguru Market In Yobe\nNext AAUA Students To Pay N20,000, Swear Oath Ahead Of Resumption","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1298407"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5396280884742737,"wiki_prob":0.4603719115257263,"text":"Lillian Gish\nClassicFlix (Teen Scene) – Review #14: The Night of the Hunter (1955)\nPosted on June 29, 2017 January 15, 2018 by Virginie Pronovost\nFrom March 2015 to April 2017, I was writing the monthly Teen Scene column for the website ClassicFlix. My objective was to promote classic films among teenagers and young adults. Due to the establishing of a new version of the website, it’s now more difficult to access to the old version and read the reviews. But, I’m allowed to publish my reviews on my blog 30 days after they had been published on ClassicFlix! So, I decided to do so as you could have an easy access to them. If you are not a teenager, it doesn’t matter! I’m sure you can enjoy them just the same! My fourteenth review was for the 1955’s classic The Night of the Hunter directed by Charles Laugthon. Enjoy!\nCharles Laughton was known as one of the most prolific actors of the 20th-century with films such as The Private Life of Henry VIII, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, Witness for the Prosecution, and Spartacus. But in 1954 he started working on what would be his only film as a director. Unfortunately, upon release in 1955, The Night of the Hunter wasn’t a commercial success, nor a critical one. Nevertheless, the film is acclaimed today as one of the best of the ’50s and as a brilliant film noir.\nThe Night of the Hunter is based on the novel of the same name by Davis Grubb and set during the Great Depression. Its central character is Reverend Harry Powell (Robert Mitchum), a dangerous serial killer. The film starts with the arrest of Ben Harper (Peter Graves) who has just committed a hold-up, killing two people. He arrives at home and hides the money with his children, John (Billy Chapin) and Pearl (Sally Jane Bruce) the only ones who know where it is; both swear not to tell anyone.\nBen is arrested with the scene being witnessed by his kids and wife, Wilma (Shelley Winters). In the jail where he waits to be hanged, he shares a cell with Harry Powell, who has been condemned to spend some time in prison for stealing a car. Ben talks in his sleep and Harry discovers he has hidden some stolen money, no less than $10,000. After Ben’s death, Harry’s objective is to get his hands on the money and decides to become Willa Harper’s next husband.\nCharmed by him, and looking for a new father for her children, Willa doesn’t take much time before marrying the dangerous man. Willa doesn’t know where the money is hidden, but Powell suspects the children know where it is leaving them in constant danger.\nLead actor, Robert Mitchum, claimed Charles Laughton was one of the best directors he worked with and this was Mitchum’s favorite movie he acted in. Of course, with such motivation, the results couldn’t be anything else but fantastic. On his side, Charles Laughton agreed Robert Mitchum was one of the best actors ever, so both had winning teamwork, bringing out the best in each other. Charles Laughton himself described the character of Harry Powell as “diabolical” and that’s really what he is! We believe in this description of the character because Robert Mitchum puts all his good human qualities aside to embody one of the meanest characters in movie history.\nCharles Laughton didn’t really like directing children, but Sally Jane Bruce and Billy Chapin as Pearl and John give us credible performances, especially little Billy Chapin, who is as much able to move from a feeling of suffering to a feeling of joy. His physical resemblance to Peter Graves, who plays his father is proof of his being a great choice for the part. Sally Jane Bruce portrays one of the most adorable little girls in film. She is very naive, but some of her reactions are so adorable that she does nothing but win our love.\nShelley winters described her performance as “the most thoughtful and reserved performance I ever gave” and we know what she means. There’s a beautiful modesty in her acting perfectly suited to her character. We feel she is thinking well about her actions and knows how to transposed them on screen.\nRobert Mitchum aside, the other great performance of the film is by the one and only Lillian Gish as Rachel Cooper. Rachel is a strong, generous woman and one of the best female heroines in movie history. In her early 60s, Lillian Gish illustrates her experience as an actress, and her performance as Rachel remains a favorite. The film certainly wouldn’t have been the same without her. The Night of the Hunter is a dark film, but Lillian Gish and her character, Rachel add a ray of light to make us realize there’s always hope.\nThe film cost less than $800,000 to produce and despite its plot it remains a simple and beautiful film. Its visual dimension is one of its best qualities. Stanly Cortez, who also worked with Orson Welles on The Magnificent Ambersons, took care of the cinematography. How can we forget the scene where Pearl and John sail in the boat at night? The nature, with its vegetation and its animals is filmed in a surreal quality. It’s neat, showing us detail and the contrast between the dark night and the moonlight adds magic and poetry to the film. It’s hard believing The Night of the Hunter didn’t receive at least an Oscar nomination for its cinematography.\nAside from its brilliant acting and cinematography, The Night of the Hunter also has a well-written script. The way the characters evolve in the film is well developed; one of the best character evolutions is John’s. He’s the one who gains the most experience and wisdom from this unfortunate adventure. The film also contains some memorable quotes and dialogues, one of the best being Harry Powell’s speech explaining why “Love” and “Hate” are tattooed on his knuckles. There are also many other quotes that terrify us, make us smile, make us laugh or make us sad. Here are some examples:\n– Rachel Cooper: “I’m a strong tree with branches for many birds. I’m good for something in this world and I know it too.”\n– Harry Powell: “Not that you mind the killings! There’s plenty of killings in your book, Lord…”\n– Pearl [to John who just threw a hairbrush on Harry Powell’s head]: “You hit Daddy with a hairbrush!” (The way she says it is hilarious.)\nAnother important thing to notice is the score, composed by Walter Schumann, who knew how to perfectly compose the right music to illustrate the film’s visual and narrative dimensions. It’s terrifying music at some moments when associated with Harry Powell, or it can be joyful depending on the scene. We also hear songs such as “Leaning on the Everlasting Arms,” sung by Robert Mitchum with his beautiful, deep voice.\nSally Jane Bruce originally sang “Pretty Fly,” but Betty Benson dubbed her in the end. If we pay attention to its lyrics, “Pretty Fly” perfectly illustrates the children’s situation. Night of the Hunter’s most memorable musical moment is when Robert Mitchum and Lillian Gish sing “Leaning on the Everlasting Arms” together. Rachel protects the children from this dangerous man, but finds a way to connect with him by singing the same song as him for a truly powerful moment.\nThere’s so much to say about The Night of the Hunter, but you’ll need to discover the rest by yourself. If you haven’t seen the film ignore its poor reception on its release, and make sure to immediately dive into this mysterious, intriguing world.\nPosted in Movie Reviews, Movies of the 50's\tTagged Charles Laughton, ClassicFlix (Teen Scene), Lillian Gish, Robert Mitchum, Shelley Winters, The Night of the Hunter\t3 Comments","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line422835"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7175233960151672,"wiki_prob":0.7175233960151672,"text":"(→‎Communities)\n[[Image:Saline-county-1864.jpg|thumb|250px|Saline County in 1864.]]\n'''Saline County''' is named for large geologic salt formations found within the county borders. The county was formed in 1835 from portions of Hempstead and Pulaski counties. Neighboring counties include [[Pulaski County]], Grant County, Hot Springs County, Garland County, and [[Perry County]].\n'''Saline County''' is named for large geologic salt formations found within the county borders. The county was formed on November 2, 1835, from portions of Hempstead and Pulaski counties. Neighboring counties include [[Pulaski County]], Grant County, Hot Springs County, Garland County, and [[Perry County]].\n====History====\nThe vicinity was made famous for the buffalo salt licks found by members of the [[Hunter-Dunbar Expedition]] of 1804-1805.\nSaline County was established on November 2, 1835. The county is famous for its rich mineral resources. Early salt works in the county supplied the precious mineral to places throughout the mid-south. Bauxite was discovered in June 1887 by state geologist [[John C. Branner]], and the [[American Bauxite Company]] quickly bought up ninety percent of the deposits. The company built a large reduction plant at the company town of Bauxite, Arkansas, and shipped the resulting ore out of the state to East St. Louis, Illinois, for further refining into alumina, and eventually to Niagara Falls where the final aluminum product was produced by electrolysis. Other smaller players were [[Republic Mining and Manufacturing Company]] of Little Rock, [[Globe Bauxite Company]] of Chemical Spur, and the [[Du Pont Chemical Company]]. In the 1920s it was thought that seventy percent of the world's supply of the mineral was locked up in geological formations located in Saline and Pulaski counties between Benton and Little Rock.\nThe county is also famous for its pottery clays, especially kaolin deposits near Benton which are made into [[Niloak pottery]].\nThe largest employers in the county are the [[Bryant Public School District]], Wal-Mart, the [[State of Arkansas]], [[Saline Memorial Hospital]], [[Benton Public School District]], [[Landers Automotive]], [[Birch Tree Communities]], [[Rineco Chemical]], [[CoorsTek]], [[Rivendell Behavioral Health]], [[Almatis]], Sonic Drive-In, [[RGIS Inventory Specialist]], [[Timber Ridge Ranch Neurorehab]], and the [[Alexander Youth Service Center]].\nThe largest employers in the county are the [[Bryant Public School District]], [[Wal-Mart]], the [[State of Arkansas]], [[Saline Memorial Hospital]], [[Benton Public School District]], [[Landers Automotive]], [[Birch Tree Communities]], [[Rineco Chemical]], [[CoorsTek]], [[Rivendell Behavioral Health]], [[Almatis]], [[Sonic Drive-In]], [[RGIS Inventory Specialist]], [[Timber Ridge Ranch Neurorehab]], and the [[Alexander Youth Service Center]].\n====Law, government, and politics====\n*Dallas Tabor Herndon, ''The Highlights of Arkansas History'' (Arkansas History Commission, 1922), 133.\n*State of Arkansas, ''Minerals in Arkansas: Including a Review of Oil and Gas Conditions'' (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1922), 8, 42-46.\n*[http://www.salinecounty.org/ Official Saline County Arkansas website]\n*[http://arkansasedc.com/media/38362/Saline_01_2007.pdf Arkansas Economic Development Commission - Largest Employers in Saline County]\n[[Category:Counties]]\nSaline County in 1864.\nSaline County is named for large geologic salt formations found within the county borders. The county was formed on November 2, 1835, from portions of Hempstead and Pulaski counties. Neighboring counties include Pulaski County, Grant County, Hot Springs County, Garland County, and Perry County.\nThe vicinity was made famous for the buffalo salt licks found by members of the Hunter-Dunbar Expedition of 1804-1805.\nSaline County was established on November 2, 1835. The county is famous for its rich mineral resources. Early salt works in the county supplied the precious mineral to places throughout the mid-south. Bauxite was discovered in June 1887 by state geologist John C. Branner, and the American Bauxite Company quickly bought up ninety percent of the deposits. The company built a large reduction plant at the company town of Bauxite, Arkansas, and shipped the resulting ore out of the state to East St. Louis, Illinois, for further refining into alumina, and eventually to Niagara Falls where the final aluminum product was produced by electrolysis. Other smaller players were Republic Mining and Manufacturing Company of Little Rock, Globe Bauxite Company of Chemical Spur, and the Du Pont Chemical Company. In the 1920s it was thought that seventy percent of the world's supply of the mineral was locked up in geological formations located in Saline and Pulaski counties between Benton and Little Rock.\nThe county is also famous for its pottery clays, especially kaolin deposits near Benton which are made into Niloak pottery.\nThe largest employers in the county are the Bryant Public School District, Wal-Mart, the State of Arkansas, Saline Memorial Hospital, Benton Public School District, Landers Automotive, Birch Tree Communities, Rineco Chemical, CoorsTek, Rivendell Behavioral Health, Almatis, Sonic Drive-In, RGIS Inventory Specialist, Timber Ridge Ranch Neurorehab, and the Alexander Youth Service Center.\nSaline County has five high schools: Bauxite High School (Bauxite), Benton High School (Benton), Bryant High School (Bryant), Harmony Grove High School (Benton), and Paron High School (Paron).\nSaline County has a number of incorporated cities within its boundaries: Benton, Bryant, and Haskell. Incorporated towns in the county are Alexander, Bauxite, and Traskwood.\nDallas Tabor Herndon, The Highlights of Arkansas History (Arkansas History Commission, 1922), 133.\nState of Arkansas, Minerals in Arkansas: Including a Review of Oil and Gas Conditions (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1922), 8, 42-46.\nOfficial Saline County Arkansas website\nArkansas Economic Development Commission - Largest Employers in Saline County\nRetrieved from \"https://honors.uca.edu/wiki/index.php?title=Saline_County&oldid=13952\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line648880"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6354114413261414,"wiki_prob":0.36458855867385864,"text":"Govt offices in Odisha to remain closed on 2nd & 4th Saturdays in August\n(Representative image/ PC: Live Mint)\nBhubaneswar, Aug 3: The Odisha government today issued guidelines regarding functioning of government offices in August.\nAs per the new guideline, all the state government offices will remain closed on second and fourth Saturdays in the month of August. However, the offices will function on other Saturdays of the month.\n“All Departments of the State Government and Sub-ordinate Offices in the State shall function with full strength of employees with effect from 2nd August, 2021 until further orders. The employees, who are now fully vaccinated, will mandatorily to attend office regularly. The employees who are unable to get vaccinated for medical or some other compelling reasons, may seek exemption from attending Office from the Head of Office, which would be considered on a case-to-case basis. Employees who are neither vaccinated nor exempted would not be permitted to attend office and their absence will be treated as willful,” sated an order issued by General Administration and Public Grievance Department.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line471753"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6074316501617432,"wiki_prob":0.39256834983825684,"text":"https://www.nist.gov/publications/bios-protection-guidelines\nBIOS Protection Guidelines\nDavid Cooper, William Polk, Andrew Regenscheid, Murugiah Souppaya\nThis document provides guidelines for preventing the unauthorized modification of Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) firmware on PC client systems. Unauthorized modification of BIOS firmware by malicious software constitutes a significant threat because of the BIOS's unique and privileged position within the PC architecture. A malicious BIOS modification could be part of a sophisticated, targeted attack on an organization--either a permanent denial of service (if the BIOS is corrupted) or a persistent malware presence (if the BIOS is implanted with malware). As used in this publication, the term BIOS refers to conventional BIOS, Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) BIOS, and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) BIOS. This document applies to system BIOS firmware (e.g., conventional BIOS or UEFI BIOS) stored in the system flash memory of computer systems, including portions that may be formatted as Option ROMs. However, it does not apply to Option ROMs, UEFI drivers, and firmware stored elsewhere in a computer system. While this document focuses on current and future x86 and x64 client platforms, the controls and procedures are independent of any particular system design. Likewise, although the guide is oriented toward enterprise-class platforms, the necessary technologies are expected to migrate to consumer-grade systems over time. Future efforts may look at boot firmware security for enterprise server platforms.\nSpecial Publication (NIST SP) - 800-147\nNIST Pub Series\nSpecial Publication (NIST SP)\nPub Type\nNIST Pubs\nhttps://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-147\nLocal Download\nBIOS, firmware, security, firmware updates, basic input/output system, BIOS firmware, system BIOS\nCooper, D. , Polk, W. , Regenscheid, A. and Souppaya, M. (2011), BIOS Protection Guidelines, Special Publication (NIST SP), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-147, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=908423 (Accessed January 16, 2022)\nAdditional citation formats\nCreated April 28, 2011, Updated October 14, 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line168641"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5263316631317139,"wiki_prob":0.5263316631317139,"text":"490 North DuPont Highway Dover, DE 19901 • 302-674-4220\n490 N DuPont Hwy, Dover • 302-674-4220\nWild Quail\nEstates of Wild Quail\nVillage at Wild Quail\nPennwood\nCommunities in West Dover\nOlde Dover\nTownsend Fields\nResidential Rentals\nLandlord-Tenant Code\nCOVID Alert\nBeds: Bed 1+ Beds 2+ Beds 3+ Beds 4+ Beds 5+ Beds 6+ Beds\nBaths: Bath 1+ Baths 2+ Baths 3+ Baths 4+ Baths\n$Min $0 $100,000 $125,000 $150,000 $175,000 $200,000 $225,000 $250,000 $275,000 $300,000 $325,000 $350,000 $375,000 $400,000 $450,000 $500,000 $550,000 $600,000 $650,000 $700,000 $750,000 $800,000 $850,000 $900,000 $950,000 $1,000,000 $1,250,000 $1,500,000 $1,750,000 $2,000,000 $2,250,000 $2,500,000 $2,750,000 $3,000,000 $3,500,000 $4,000,000 $4,500,000 $5,000,000 $6,000,000 $7,000,000 $8,000,000 $9,000,000 $10,000,000\n$Max $0 $100,000 $125,000 $150,000 $175,000 $200,000 $225,000 $250,000 $275,000 $300,000 $325,000 $350,000 $375,000 $400,000 $450,000 $500,000 $550,000 $600,000 $650,000 $700,000 $750,000 $800,000 $850,000 $900,000 $950,000 $1,000,000 $1,250,000 $1,500,000 $1,750,000 $2,000,000 $2,250,000 $2,500,000 $2,750,000 $3,000,000 $3,500,000 $4,000,000 $4,500,000 $5,000,000 $6,000,000 $7,000,000 $8,000,000 $9,000,000 $10,000,000\nType: Property Type Single Family Condo Townhouse Mobile Home Lot-Land Commercial\nUrban Living, Historic Setting\nIf you reside in or near Dover, you'll be living right next to an important part of our nation's history. Others may have to drive hours to attend the city's events and see its museums and landmarks, but all of this will be right in your own backyard if you own a home here.\nDover's historic legacy contributes to its charming ambience; in fact, an average of two million tourists visit the state capital every year. Due to its brick sidewalks and historic homes, Olde Dover especially offers a pleasant stroll into a past era. Visit The First State Heritage Park, which highlights Delaware's role in our country's beginnings. It's also home to the Old State House (built in 1792) and Legislative Hall, which replaced it as the seat of government in 1933. In the summer, you'll love taking a guided tour by characters in period dress; other seasonal activities include lantern tours, Colonial games, scavenger hunts, and the annual Olde Dover Days Festival.\nFor details on specific homes available immediately, click here.\nOlde Dover Homes for Sale - Homes for Sale in Dover, Delaware\nMLS: Dekt2004852\n419 S State St, Dover, Delaware 19901\n233 Walker Rd, Dover, Delaware 19904\n4 baths(full)\n620 N Governors Ave, Dover, Delaware 19904\n490 North DuPont Hwy\nDover, Delaware 19901\nOffice Hours | Monday - Friday 9:00 - 5:00\n*We always have an agent on duty including after hours and on weekends.\nAll information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified. Properties subject to prior sale or rental.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1719158"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6417593955993652,"wiki_prob":0.6417593955993652,"text":"Washington Attorney General Sues Johnson & Johnson Over Opioid Crisis\n‘ILLEGAL CONDUCT’\nJulia Arciga\nPublished Jan. 02, 2020 8:01PM ET\nEric Baradat/Getty\nWashington's attorney general filed a lawsuit Thursday against Johnson & Johnson, claiming the company is one of the largest suppliers of raw materials to make opioids. According to news station KING-TV, Attorney General Bob Ferguson also claimed the company “deceptively” advertised in favor of using opioids over the long term at high doses and ignored the risks of the drugs. Along with civil penalties and damages, Ferguson said he hoped a judge would order the company to relinquish its profits it made in Washington to the state for the firm’s supposedly “illegal conduct.” “Johnson & Johnson has made billions through its sale of opioids and the raw materials it sold to other companies, we expect Washington’s share to at least be in the millions,” he said, adding that the money would go towards opioid treatment, education, and prevention in Washington. Oklahoma also filed a lawsuit against Johnson & Johnson and was able to get $572 million from them. In 2017, Ferguson also filed legal action against Purdue Pharma—the Oxycontin maker that has been a major legal target for numerous states. Johnson & Johnson has not commented publicly on the matter.\nRead it at KING-TV","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line464035"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.751024603843689,"wiki_prob":0.751024603843689,"text":"Tuesday night: Live from Newark, Delaware\n(The Deer Park Tavern, which is kindly letting us set us camp there Tuesday night.)\nOct. 4, 2010, 10:38 PM UTC\nBy Laura Conaway\n(The Deer Park Tavern, which is kindly letting us set us camp there Tuesday night.)Because we live for the intersection of politics and beer, we're going to broadcast Tuesday night's show from the Deer Park Tavern in Newark, Delaware. You're invited.We'll have just spent the day reporting on the Senate race that ate the 2010 elections, and then we'll head for the bar. If you're in the area, drop by and watch the magic happen. From here, we'll just say that the Deer Park Tavern looks great, if it is cursed. From the website:\nOn December 23, 1843, Edgar Allan Poe lectured at the Academy and visited the inn. As he was attempting to emerge from his carriage at the inn, he was reputed to have fallen in the mud and was so upset that he put a curse on the building.\nThe show starts at 9 p.m., whether you're in the Deer Park Tavern or in TV Land. Wish us luck, OK? And by all means, if you're a Christine O'Donnell supporter who lives in Delaware and is up for a chat, drop us a line, please.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1255048"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9697576761245728,"wiki_prob":0.9697576761245728,"text":"News Briefs: Miller to Head HC \"Studio\"\nMiller to Head HC “Studio”\nBob Miller, longtime president of Hyperion, is leaving the company to join HarperCollins, where he will head a “publishing studio” that will do 25 titles a year in a variety of print and digital formats. Authors will be paid on a profit-sharing basis, and the division is looking at alternative forms of distribution. Target date for the first books is spring 2009, and Miller will report directly to HC CEO Jane Friedman.\nArcher Named Hyperion President\nWith Bob Miller’s move to HC, Disney named Ellen Archer president of its Hyperion book unit. Archer joined Hyperion in 1999 and in 2005 was named to her most recent post, senior v-p and publisher. In addition to spearheading campaigns for some of Hyperion’s biggest books, Archer founded the Voice imprint in 2006.\nWeisbach Leaving Weinstein\nAfter more than two years overseeing the refigured Weinstein Books, Rob Weisbach is stepping down. According to a statement from the Weinstein Company, Weisbach is departing to “pursue other publishing interests.”\nLightning Teams with On Demand\nLightning Source has signed with On Demand Books, proprietor of the Espresso Book Machine, in a deal that will give On Demand access to Lightning’s scanning facilities, as well as access to copyrighted material through an opt-in/opt-out clause that Lightning Source will add to its publisher contracts. At present, the titles available through Espresso fall mainly in the public domain. Currently there are only seven Espresso machines in use, but a new, less expensive printer is expected to be ready by 2009.\nBloomsbury USA Down\nLed by sales of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, revenue at Bloomsbury doubled in 2007, hitting £150.2 million ($300 million), and pretax profit jumped to £15.9 million from £5.2 million. Results in the U.K. publisher’s U.S. subsidiary, however, were off in the year, falling 10.8%, to £13.4 million ($26.8 million). While sales of children’s books at Bloomsbury USA were up, the adult division had a disappointing year. To return the unit to profitability, Bloomsbury cut seven positions earlier this year. To help expand in the post-Potter era, Bloomsbury acquired the elementary school publisher Featherstone Education.\nCurtis Brown, ICM in Joint Venture\nCurtis Brown and ICM have signed a co-agenting agreement under which Curtis Brown’s London office will work with ICM to handle the sales of U.K. and foreign rights for ICM clients. As part of the deal, four agents who work for ICM in London, under the agency’s ICM Books outpost, will move into Brown’s Haymarket offices.\nPatriot Act Revision Urged\nIn an open letter published last week in the Capitol Hill trade, Roll Call, the AAP, the ABA, ALA and PEN American Center have called on Congress to approve the National Security Letters Reform Act (S. 2088 and H.R. 3189), an alteration to the Patriot Act that, they think, will return reader privacy.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1419757"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.810806393623352,"wiki_prob":0.810806393623352,"text":"You are here: Home / News / Rogers-Doherty take momentum into Manhattan Open\nRogers-Doherty take momentum into Manhattan Open\nTodd Rogers couldn’t have been happier playing on American sand again.\nHe certainly showed it in the first AVP Tour event of the season last weekend in Utah. Rogers, the former San Marcos High and UCSB star, and 7-foot-1 partner Ryan Doherty finished second to Phil Dalhausser and Sean Rosenthal, pushing the top seeds to three sets before falling 21-12, 19-21, 15-10, in the final of the inaugural Salt Lake City Open pro beach volleyball tournament.\nIt was Rogers and Doherty’s best result together since a runner-up finish in their debut in a FIVB regional event in the Cayman Islands back in March. They struggled on the FIVB World Tour. Their best finish was a ninth in the tournament in Long Beach last month.\nThe AVP Tour is beginning its second year under owner Donald Sun, who brought the tour back with two events last summer. There are five tour stops this year, including Santa Barbara, Sept. 28-29.\n“Awesome!” Rogers replied when asked how nice it was to play on a domestic tour again. “I went past 100,000 miles on the way home from the FIVB event in Berlin. I would much rather have the short flight to Salt Lake or short drive down to Manhattan Beach.”\nThe next AVP Tour event is this weekend in Manhattan Beach, where Rogers’ name is enshrined in the venerable pier’s Walk of Fame three times for winning “the Wimbledon of beach volleyball.” He won all three Manhattan Opens with Dalhausser, his gold-medal partner at the 2008 Olympics.\nAfter placing 25th in Berlin, Rogers and Doherty regrouped and put together a string of good performances in Salt Lake.\n“We played better and better as the weekend progressed, and that is a good sign,” he said.\nThe highlight for them was a 24-22, 21-18 semifinal win over the “home” team of Jake Gibb and Casey Patterson. Gibb is from Bountiful, Utah, and Patterson played collegiately at BYU, so they had the crowd rooting for them.\n“I got two red cards, the fans were heckling us big time — par for the course in Utah,” Rogers said. “I used to play vs. BYU, and they were the gnarliest hecklers; no bad words, but they’d be all over us.”\nGibb gave props to Rogers for his play in the semifinal.\n“He played really well, the best I’ve seen him play all year,” Gibb told the Deseret News. “You got to give it to him. The guy has a gold medal for a reason. He’s a great player.’\nRogers said it was one of his most satisfying wins in some time.\nAs for his partner, who is playing his first full season as a professional beach volleyball player, Rogers said Doherty has improved “a ton. The scary part is he still has a long, long way to go as well.”\nDoherty had some difficulty adjusting to the level of competition and the lighter ball on the international tour, according to Rogers.\nThey’ll get their hands on the Wilson AVP ball and be back on a beach this weekend in Manhattan Beach.\nSo, after a good showing in Salt Lake City, does Rogers feel confident they’ll be able to keep it going at the Manhattan Open?\n“Kind of,” he admitted. “The serving wasn’t as tough due to the elevation, and I think that helps us. Plus, the sand was pretty packed and Manhattan is deep. I love the deep stuff but Ryan has said he doesn’t.\n“We will see.”\nFiled Under: News, Pro Volleyball, Volleyball Tagged With: AVP Tour, Manhattan Beach Open, pro beach volleyball, Ryan Doherty, Todd Rogers","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1462760"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7734307050704956,"wiki_prob":0.7734307050704956,"text":"Dean Hussey, Liberty Bell High School Senior, Receives 2019 Steinebach Award for Outstanding Contribution to Live Theater\nThe Merc Board of Directors and Missi Smith (Executive Director) unanimously voted to award Dean Hussey with the 2019 Steinebach Award for Outstanding Contribution to Live Theatre. The award was presented to him at the opening night of Charlotte’s Web on Friday, March 15.\nThe Merc blog states…\nIt was during our 2014 production of Willy Wonka, Junior that Dean Hussey arrived on the scene to work in our sound booth. He was in 8th grade at the time, and according to Dean his mom signed him up. He wasn’t very excited about it…but by the time the show was over he claims he was “in his element.” We were fortunate that theater hooked him because he has worked on nearly every show since then. He has logged well over 1000 volunteer hours in five years of productions.\nTo say Dean’s contribution to live theater is outstanding does not even begin to scratch the surface. He has participated on our production team in a number of ways over five years. He’s gone way beyond pushing the “GO” button behind our sound board. Dean has composed music and created sound cues for a number of shows, most notably Bike America, for which he composed the full soundtrack as his senior project. Our 2018 summer production required Dean to commit countless hours of composing, editing, and working with the rest of the cast and tech crew through rehearsals and performances. Missi Smith, the show’s director, was thrilled with Dean’s artistic interpretation through music, and she loved how his work enhanced the production.\nThough he has typically remained behind the scenes in the tech booth, Dean recently went in front of the audience in our Reader’s Theater production of A Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time. Adding another whole level of risk, and stepping even further out of his normal comfort zone, he became a strong advocate for those living with autism while teaching his fellow cast members about his own experiences with it. His participation on stage, for the first time ever, greatly enhanced the production. The guy can act, too!\nOur founders, Carolanne and Egon Steinebach took huge risks to begin The Merc Playhouse Society. They committed to building a theater that has grown into a community gem over the past 20 years. Without their countless hours of work, their dedication to live performing arts, and their inspired vision, we wouldn’t be the organization we are today. We are happy to honor people in our theater community who show the same type of dedication to live performing arts, and Dean could not be more deserving of the award this year.\nDean is graduating from Liberty Bell High School in May. He will be greatly missed at The Merc while he bravely ventures out into his future, but we are certain he has many successes ahead of him. We just hope he comes back to see us once in a while, and maybe work on some more shows…\nPlease join us as we congratulate Dean Hussey and thank the Merc Board of Directors, Executive Director Missi Smith, Merc Playhouse Society Founders Carolanne and Egon Steineback, and the many community partners and volunteers that support live theatre and the performing arts in the Methow!","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1227817"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9289394617080688,"wiki_prob":0.9289394617080688,"text":"Ramchand Pakistani\nRamchand Pakistani (Urdu: رام چند پاکستانی‎) is an Urdu-language Pakistani drama film directed by Mehreen Jabbar and produced by Javed Jabbar.[2] The film features Nandita Das, Rashid Farooqi, Syed Fazel Hussain, Maria Wasti and Noman Ijaz in lead roles. The film is based on a true story of a boy who inadvertently crosses the border between Pakistan and India and the following ordeal that his family has to go through.[3] Ramchand Pakistani was also released in India.[4][5][6]\nMehreen Jabbar[1]\nJaved Jabbar[1]\nJaved Jabbar\nScreenplay by\nMohammad Ahmed\nRashid Farooqui\nSyed Fazal Hussain\nMaria Wasti\nNouman Ijaz\nHassan Niazi\nAdnan Shah\nShahood Alvi\nZhalay Sarhadi\nSaleem Mairaj\nSaife Hassan\nSajid Shah\nDebojyoti Mishra\nMoringo Nusrat Nigam Banerjee\nSarthak Sarkar\nShiraj Hussain\nSofian Khan\nAseem Sinha\nPercept Picture Company\nGeo Films\n2 October 2008 (2008-10-02) (Pakistan)\n₨6.0 crore (US$420,000) [1]\nChampa (Nandita Das) is a Hindu woman who is left desolate when her young son and husband disappear one day from their village at the India-Pakistan border near Nagarparkar, in the Tharparkar district of the Sindh province. The film depicts the crossing of the India-Pakistan border, during a period (June 2002) of war-like tension between the two countries, by two members of a Pakistani Hindu family belonging to the 'untouchable' dalit caste, and the extraordinary consequences of this unintended action upon the lives of a woman, a man, and their son.\nThe film is about a Hindu Dalit family living in Pakistan peacefully. Ramchand, the main protagonist who is 8 years old, is the son of Shankar and Champa. One day, after an altercation with his mother, Ramchand runs away in anger and, accidentally, crosses the Indo-Pakistan border into India. His father follows him and, he too, crosses the border into India.\nAfter being arrested by the border security personnel, they are sent to a prison in India and stay there for a long time. They get a release order soon, but later it turns out to be a mistake and they are sent back to the jail. Ramchand, the 8 years old boy, and his father Shankar are unregistered prisoners during much of their stay in India.[2] Meanwhile, Ramchand’s mother, Champa, leads a life of loneliness and although she takes a temporary job in a faraway place, she returns to her village.\nFinally, after 5 years,[2] when Ramchand has grown a few years, he gets released. He returns home to his mother. His father, Shankar, also gets released soon after. They are united and there, the film ends.\nThe singular theme of the film is how a child from Pakistan aged eight years, learns to cope with the trauma of forced separation from his mother while being held prisoner, along with his father in the jail of a country (India), which is hostile to his own (Pakistan). Meanwhile, the wife-mother, devastated by their sudden disappearance builds a new chapter of her life, by her solitary struggle for sheer survival.\nNandita Das as Champa[1]\nSyed Fazal Hussain as Younger Ramchand[2]\nNavaid Jabbar as Older Ramchand[2]\nRashid Farooqui as Shankar[2]\nMaria Wasti as Kamla[2]\nNouman Ijaz as Abdullah[2]\nAdnan Shah as Sharma\nAdarsh Ayaz as Moti\nFarooq Pario as Suresh\nShahood Alvi as Asif Hussain\nZhalay Sarhadi as Lakshmi\nAtif Badar as Lalu\nSaleem Mairaj as Vishesh\nSaif-e-Hasan as Murad\nRao Saleem as Interrogator\nKarim Bux Baloch as Baloch\nMaster Yaqub as Baba Gul\nHassan Niazi as Deepak\nKazim Raza as Professor\nMuhammad Rafiq as Bengali\nSajid Shah as Inspector\nIqbal Motilani as Maulvi\nAnis Chachar as Captain Saleem\nFilm screenings overseas\nThis film had six screenings at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 2010.[2]\nThe soundtrack is composed by Debojyoti Mishra[2] and include the following songs:\nTrack Song Singers Composer Duration\n01 Teri Meri Preet Shubha Mudgal Debojyoti Mishra 5:34\n02 Allah Megh De Shubha Mudgal & Shafqat Amanat Ali Debojyoti Mishra 4:41\n03 Phir Wahi Raste Shafqat Amanat Ali Debojyoti Mishra 5:52\n04 Khari Neem Key Neechay Mai Bhagi Debojyoti Mishra 5:24\n05 Tarrin Paunda Allan Fakir Debojyoti Mishra 6:09\n06 Meri Maat Instrumental Debojyoti Mishra 4:19\nThis film won the following awards:\nFIPRESCI Prize from the International Federation of Film Critics at the Osian Film Festival, July, 2008[7]\nWinner of Honourable Mention by the 13th Annual Satyajit Ray Award at the 2008 London Film Festival.[7]\nBest Actor for Rashid Farooqi at the KaraFilm Festival, Pakistan, 2009\nWinner of Audience Award at the Fribourg International Film Festival, Switzerland, March 2009.[7]\nWinner of Special Mention by the Eucumenical Jury at the Fribourg International Film Festival March 2009.[7]\nWinner of Special Mention by the E-Changer Award at the Fribourg International Film Festival in March 2009[7]\nRamchand Pakistani received a silver medal in the feature film category at the 2012 SAARC Film Awards.\nRashid Farooqui received the award for best actor in the feature film at the 2012 SAARC Film Awards.\nRamchand Pakistani won Best Film Award on Pakistan Media Award in 2010.\nGori temple, the site of Meri Maati song.\nNagarparkar Bhodesar temple: the site of Tarrin Paunda song.\n\"Pakistani movie to play in India\". DAWN (newspaper). 19 July 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2019.\nStephen Holden (20 April 2010). \"Ramchand-Pakistani - Directed by Mehreen Jabbar\". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 June 2019.\n\"Ramchand Pakistani Movie Review\". The Times of India. 7 April 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2019.\n\"Kolkata release of Pak film in limbo\".\nRamchand Pakistani (2008 film), film review on Rotten Tomatoes website Retrieved 5 June 2019\nRamchand Pakistani (2008) on IMDb website Retrieved 5 June 2019\nAwards for Ramchand Pakistani (2008 film) on IMDb website Retrieved 5 June 2019\nRamchand Pakistani on IMDb\nMovie Review Ramchand Pakistani (2008)\nHighest-grossing Pakistani films\nDomestic Worldwide\nJawani Phir Nahi Ani 2 (2018)\nPunjab Nahi Jaungi (2017)\nJawani Phir Nahi Ani (2015)\nTeefa in Trouble (2018)\nActor in Law (2016)\nWaar (2013)\nBin Roye (2015)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1564540"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.792923092842102,"wiki_prob":0.792923092842102,"text":"5 Tips for California Cruises\nEmbarkation in Los Angeles (Long Beach): Cruise Terminal Parking, Address and Amenities\nEmbarkation in Los Angeles (San Pedro): Cruise Terminal Parking, Address and Amenities\nThings to Do in San Diego Before a Cruise\nTop 8 Long Haul Short Break Cruises\nThe Best Month to Cruise Hawaii\nWhere You Can Cruise to Onboard Carnival's Newest Cruise Ship, Carnival Panorama\n10 Best Beaches in Mexico for Cruisers\nWhat Is the Economic Impact of the Cruise Industry in the United States?\n\"Pent-Up Demand\" Causes Growth In West Coast Cruises in 2021-22\nFirst Time Cruiser\n5 Signs That Cruising Is Making a Comeback in California\nBrittany Chrusciel\nSailing under the Golden Gate Bridge, warm breezes off the Pacific Ocean, a few days in L.A. -- what's not to love about cruising from California? While the region suffered a setback early in the decade, cruise lines have returned, and not only that, the demand for a more robust cruise market in California has kept the ports on their toes.\nMajor terminal renovations to Long Beach by Carnival shows good faith. San Francisco is planning to infuse art, retail therapy and some food options into terminal facilities to bolster the port experience for passengers. For San Diego's 2017/2018 season, Disney Cruise Line has increased homeport calls to 18 cruises.\nSo is California \"back\" to being a true cruising contender? It's tough to say there will never be another repeat of 2010 to 2012 when many cruise ships left the state because of tough economic times and concerns of violence in Mexico. But based on interviews with port officials and looking at where cruise lines are currently sending their ships, California is by all means making a return -- one that might not draw dramatic passenger counts just yet, but should remain rock steady for at least a few seasons.\nHere are five signs that cruising is making a comeback in California.\n1. Major cruise brands are showing up.\nThe cruise business, for better or worse, is dictated by the cruise lines, and looking at the 2017 season in California, they are well represented.\nMost if not all major cruise brands -- including umbrella organizations Carnival Corp., Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings and Royal Caribbean Cruises Limited -- are represented across Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco. Using Cruise Critic's Find a Cruise tool, we found nearly 160 cruises departing from the state of California from January to December 2017.\nEleven cruise lines and 24 ships will sail from the Port of Los Angeles (San Pedro) this year; the Port of San Francisco expects 14 cruise lines and 28 cruise ships, plus 82 ship calls totaling 300,000 passengers. San Diego's season, typically September to May, will see 90 vessels call, with four homeported cruise lines: Holland America Line, Disney Cruise Line, Norwegian Cruise Line and Celebrity Cruises, and visiting ships from nine other cruise lines.\n2. No alarms and no surprises.\nWhen asked how 2016 measured up, every port interviewed gave a comforting, if not exciting response: \"2016 went as expected.\"\nIn this region, where unpleasant headlines in Mexico dominated the news in the early part of the decade, that's good news.\nAccording to Michael Nerney, maritime marketing manager for the Port of San Francisco, \"[The] Port of San Francisco cruise business has been steady the past two years, since opening of the new Pier 27 cruise terminal. We expect to maintain current levels of ship calls and passengers with potential incremental growth. The 2016 cruise season was as expected: 80 calls and 290,000 passengers.\"\nFurther down the coast, the \"Port of [Los Angeles] San Pedro finished where we expected for 2016 and 2017 looks very similar…By the look of things, 2018 will remain similar to 2017 at this point,\" Phillip Sanfield, director of media relations for the Port of Los Angeles, told Cruise Critic.\n\"In 2008, which was our most successful cruise year, we had 279 cruise calls,\" said Marguerite Elicone, a marketing and public relations representative for the Port of San Diego. \"After the recession, the numbers dropped dramatically. We are now seeing the numbers slowly climbing back and predict a steady growth rate in passengers of about 6 to 8 percent ... this year's number of cruise calls is up by 30 percent (to 90 calls total in 2017) and the port is confident that the number will increase each year.\"\n3. When construction is complete in 2017, Long Beach will be one of Carnival's largest homeports.\nAnd that's saying something. Carnival Cruise Line ships homeport in 15 U.S. cities, and are widely considered a great drive-to option for that reason. When expansion of the Long Beach cruise terminal outside Los Angeles is complete in 2017, the current facilities will expand from around 66,000 square feet to 142,000 square feet, more than doubling its initial size. Carnival is the only cruise line that homeports in Long Beach.\nPart of the issues with Long Beach in the past centered on the limitations of the port structure, which occupies a portion of a geodesic dome that once housed Howard Hughes' historic Spruce Goose plane.\n\"Our embarkation/debarkation operations in Long Beach were not as guest friendly and efficient as they could be based on the constraints imposed by space limitations with the geodesic dome,\" Jennifer de la Cruz, vice president of corporate communications for Carnival Cruise Line, told Cruise Critic. \"We've had a desire for a long time to expand our footprint within the dome to enable the improvement of the guest experience and also allow us to bring larger ships into Long Beach.\"\nCarnival currently has three ships homeported year-round in Long Beach (Miracle, Inspiration and Imagination); just over 12 percent of its fleet. With the addition of Carnival Splendor in 2018, the line will carry upward of 700,000 passengers annually from Long Beach on nearly 250 voyages ranging from three to 14 days in length. \"The capacity increase via Carnival Splendor moving to Long Beach is based on strong demand for that program and the cruise terminal operational improvements we will gain from having full use of the geodesic dome,\" said de la Cruz.\nIf that wasn't enough of an investment, Carnival plans to improve infrastructure in order to welcome mega-ships down the line. \"We are also expanding shore power capability to accommodate Carnival Splendor and potentially larger ships in the future,\" de la Cruz said.\n4. The Mexican Riviera is on the rebound.\nOnce the reason why cruise ships were being pulled from California, the ports along the Mexican Riviera now have improved safety, desirability and demand.\nCarnival's move to reposition Splendor in Long Beach, according to the line, comes from that demand. \"Based on the particularly strong popularity of our weeklong Mexican Riviera cruises, we had a desire to increase capacity on that program,\" de la Cruz said. \"As a result, we are moving Carnival Splendor to Long Beach in January 2018 to take over the weeklong Mexican Riviera cruises currently operated on Carnival Miracle. That will represent a capacity increase of 41 percent on that program.\"\n(If a bigger ship on its own isn't convincing, Carrie Underwood will be performing as part of the line's Carnival Live! concert series on a Baja Mexico itinerary out of L.A.)\n\"The Mexico product is rebounding and it will continue to do so,\" Sanfield of the Port of Los Angeles said. \"The climate in Mexico has improved and the ability for a large population to access warm water year-round contributes to a continued interest in our market.\"\nLikewise, sailings to the Mexican Riviera make up most of the cruise itineraries departing from San Diego. \"As tourism continues to grow in Mexico on both the land and water sides, the Port of San Diego can expect to see a positive effect on the number of Mexico sailings,\" said Elicone for the Port of San Diego.\n5. Domestic destination interest is on the rise.\nApart from its stake in the Mexican Riviera (California cruising's bread and butter), the West Coast accommodates itineraries to Hawaii, Alaska and along the Pacific Coast -- all places that stay within the confines of the U.S. With international unease, particularly in Europe, American travelers are opting for vacations closer to home. California's cruise market serves them well, with sailings to the most exotic of the 50 states -- Alaska and Hawaii -- and scenic sweeps of the Golden State.\nPrincess Cruises offers a couple of Alaska cruises round trip from the Port of Los Angeles. Itinerary options that remain from San Francisco include Alaska, coastal California, Mexico and Hawaii, ranging in duration from a week to 15 days. California homeports also serve as ports of call for transcanal and world cruises.\nIt helps that the sunny cities by the sea draw large amounts of land-based tourists each year, providing built-in pre- and post-cruise options for cruisers who might have traveled to California to sail.\nAdjacent to the Pier 27 Cruise Terminal in San Francisco, the Pier 29 Bulkhead Building is being developed as a retail facility \"offering sales of arts and crafts, cultural and exhibit space, and food service,\" said Nerney for the Port of San Francisco.\nMuch like the construction to Carnival's facility, the Port of Los Angeles at San Pedro will look to expand its terminals \"as the business warrants additional or expanded facilities,\" Sanfield said.\nFrom Carnival in Long Beach to luxury lines like Regent or Seabourn, if they bring cruise ships, passengers will come.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1687941"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9061562418937683,"wiki_prob":0.9061562418937683,"text":"John Marshall and the need for judicial transparency\nDavid Adler\nWhatever you think about the U.S. Supreme Court’s controversial, 5-4 midnight ruling on the Texas statute forbidding most abortions in the state, one thing is clear: the Court bears, in the name of accountability, the great responsibility of explaining its reasoning to the American people.\nThe Court’s reliance on the “shadow docket,” a historic practice of ruling on emergency petitions, to uphold a novel law that greatly diminishes Roe v. Wade and converts every Texan into a law enforcement official, constituted a sharp departure from the usual process. The Court spent less than three days on the case. There was no oral argument. The opinion was unsigned and a mere paragraph long. Given the Court’s weighty impact on a constitutional battle that has been raging since at least 1973, when the Court held that women possess a fundamental right to obtain an abortion, the citizenry had every right to expect more transparency from the nation’s highest tribunal.\nJustice Hugo Black was fond of reminding his colleagues of the Court’s duty to explain its reasoning in terms that average Americans could understand. “The Constitution was written for the people, not the government,” he often said. For Justice Black, this meant that the Court’s opinions sorting out the meaning of constitutional provisions and language should be clearly written in the name of transparency and accountability.\nJustice Black’s view of the responsibility of the Court to explain its reasoning was shared by Chief Justice John Marshall, who served as Chief from 1801-1835, and is universally regarded by scholars as the greatest Chief Justice in American history. Marshall took this duty so seriously that, in response to what he regarded as stinging, but confused, criticism of his landmark opinion in 1819, in McCulloch v. Maryland, he picked up his pen and wrote a pseudonymous defense of it under the name, “A Friend to the Union”\nin a series of op-ed pieces. He wrote these newspaper columns in the name of transparency and accountability.\nMcCulloch v. Maryland, one of the most important Supreme Court rulings in our history — for its treatment of fundamental constitutional principles and resolution of historic arguments about federalism, the scope of congressional authority and the exercise of judicial power in the interpretation of the Constitution — generated immediate and heated criticism. Suffice it to say that critics, including James Madison and Virginia’s leading Judge, Spencer Roane, thought Marshall’s opinion declared that Congress possessed authority to increase its constitutionally limited powers.\nChief Justice Marshall was alarmed by these criticisms, precisely because he believed nothing of the sort. Nor did he believe that his opinion for the Court had intimated any such conclusion. The point of his opinion was to state that Congress enjoyed considerable latitude in choosing the means by which it could exercise its enumerated powers, not that Congress could invent new powers for itself. In sum, no branch of government possessed authority to revise its constitutionally granted authority.\nMarshall fretted. What could he do, given the Court’s institutional understanding that its opinions alone speak for the Court? But Marshall found the public confusion so disturbing, so threatening to the constitutional system and particularly harmful to the Court’s reputation, that he decided to engage in an extra-judicial measure by further explaining the Court’s reasoning in newspaper columns. These were the only newspaper replies in his storied judicial career.\nMarshall’s pseudonymous newspaper explanations, so knowledgeable of the Court’s discussion of foundational constitutional issues, and so thorough in their explanations of the Court’s reasoning, inspired speculation about their author. Who could possibly know so much about the Court’s reasoning and conclusions? At the time, nobody guessed that it was none other than Chief Justice Marshall himself.\nIndeed, nobody knew the identity of the author of the op-ed pieces signed under the name, “A Friend to the Union,” until Gerald Gunther, a renowned constitutional scholar then teaching in the Stanford Law School, stumbled upon them in 1967 while conducting research for his biography of the legendary federal judge, Learned Hand. While working through the collection of Hand’s papers, Gunther found Marshall’s essays sandwiched between some documents that had nothing to do with McCulloch v. Maryland. In 1968, Gunther published the essays in his book, “John Marshall’s Defense of McCulloch v. Maryland.”\nFor all of you who have ever experienced the great joy and surprise of finding a delightful book on the shelves of a library or in a bookstore, imagine Professor Gunther’s jubilation in finding Marshall’s op-ed pieces. Talk about a library coup!\nMarshall’s extraordinary efforts to inform the public of the Court’s reasoning in McCulloch, to bring a halt to the misunderstanding of its rulings on fundamental constitutional issues, represents a fulfillment of the judicial duty, in the name of transparency and accountability, to explain its opinions to the American people.\nMarshall’s extra-judicial elaboration of the Court’s reasoning, however, is not without criticism. After all, if individual members of the Court decide to comment on the Court’s opinions, perhaps bringing a different version of the Court’s legal conclusions than those printed on paper, the result might well be confusion. More than that, if Justices offer competing views of the Court’s reasoning, what happens to the meaning of the “authoritative” Supreme Court opinion? Indeed, what happens to the principle that the Court’s opinions speak for the Court? Those are issues for another time, but it is clear that the citizenry is better off with a full explanation of how and why the Court resolves the legal issues before it.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1833510"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5332099795341492,"wiki_prob":0.46679002046585083,"text":"How to Make Money with Youtube\nSeptember 3, 2021 April 4, 2021 by Veneta Lusk\nIf you’re looking to make money with YouTube, you’re not alone. Each minute, YouTubers upload 400 hours of content. That’s the equivalent of more than 16 days worth of video added to the platform every minute.\nYouTube is the second largest search engine on the planet, garnering more than a billion views daily.\nFor people looking to make money on the internet, YouTube offers an opportunity to connect their content with the right audience and cash in.\nBut how much money can you really make on YouTube?\nThe highest-paid YouTube star is a British gamer named Daniel Middleton who goes by the name DanTDM and makes a reported $16.5 million a year by posting videos of himself playing Minecraft.\nWhile you may not be able to earn millions right off the bat, there are a few ways you can make money with YouTube.\n5 Ways to Make Money with YouTube\n1. Make Money From Ads as a YouTube Partner\n2. Sell Products or Merchandise\n3. Land Sponsorships for Your Channel\n4. Work With Brands as an Influencer or Affiliate\n5. License Your Content to the Media\nTips for Making Money on YouTube\nKnow Your Demographics\nGet Targeted with Keywords\nCreate Other Avenues to Direct to Your Channel\nGo Full-Time When You’re Ready\nThe good news about monetizing your YouTube channel is that your earning potential is not determined solely by the number of subscribers and views you have. It’s far more important to have an engaged audience in a targeted niche.\nWe talked about million-dollar video earner Daniel Middleton above, however, a more realistic but equally engaging YouTube success story is that of Ryan Scribner.\nIn October of 2016, Ryan started the Ryan Scribner YouTube channel\nIn less than a year, Ryan was able to quit his full-time job and focus solely on his YouTube channel and the blog he would eventually partner with it. Today he makes $6,000 a month from his YouTube channel alone.\nJust like making money with blogging, you can earn revenue even with a small YouTube channel by creating multiple revenue streams. Finding the right audience and targeting them with the right type of content can skyrocket your earning potential.\nIf you have what it takes to build a big following and gain subscribers quickly, becoming a YouTube Partner will be an easy way to cash in on your content. As a partner, you’ll earn revenue from companies that place ads throughout your videos.\nThis is a relatively passive income generating method that relies on getting enough traffic to your channel.\nTo join the YouTube Partner Program, you’ll need 4,000 hours of watch time in a 12-month period and 1,000 subscribers. When you’re just getting started, it can take a while to build up a loyal viewership.\nOnce you have, the average rate for a YouTube content creator is $7.60 per 1,000 views. That means that if you have a video that receives 2,000 views, it’ll earn $15.20. For a video to make $1,000, it’d need to get more than 130,000 views.\nNiche Matters\nThe amount of money you’ll make from your ads does vary by niche as well. Ryan says that some niches, such as personal finance, pay more than other niches–even with the same number of views.\nKeep that in mind as you choose your niche and try and grow your channel.\nAs a YouTube ad partner, you’ll need to open an AdSense account so you can opt in to Google’s advertising network and get paid. Once you’ve met the requirements, the setup is easy.\nHowever, this is far from the most lucrative way to earn money on this platform. YouTube can still refuse to show ads on your videos if they believe you don’t produce “advertiser-friendly” content.\nIn the past, the platform has been known to demonetize content without the knowledge of the content creator.\nWhile creators now get notified when their content gets excluded from YouTube’s advertising network, this is still not the best revenue stream. The platform gets to keep a 45 percent share of ad revenue, leaving creators with 55 percent.\nFortunately, there are other ways you can leverage your channel to cash in, some of which don’t require a huge audience.\nSelling products is a quick way to monetize your YouTube channel, even if you don’t have a large audience. There are a few different ways to go about doing this and making money in the process.\nSome people sell physical products such as T-shirts, coffee mugs, tote bags, etc. that represent their online brand and personality.\nYou can commission affordable designs tailored specifically to the products you’re looking to sell through freelance sites such as Fiverr.\nAnother option is to sell digital products such as exercise routines, ebooks or online courses. You can direct customers to your website or an online store where they can purchase the products.\nWhat you sell really depends on your niche and what resonates with your audience.\nThe big advantage of selling digital products is that you don’t need to worry about taking care of shipping and handling for the orders.\nIf you have a very targeted or niche audience that resonates with certain brands, getting a sponsorship deal may be a good way to cash in. This is where having an engaged audience can really pay off when trying to make money with YouTube.\nSponsors pay creators to promote or mention their products in their videos. This can be in the form of a lump sum, clicks on the company’s website, or on a per-view basis.\nKeep in mind that sponsors will want to know where their products will be featured, for how long, in what context, and so on.\nRyan Scribner says that sponsorship opportunities will probably come your way automatically once your channel starts gaining serious success. However, he says it doesn’t hurt to approach companies you’re passionate about to inquire about potential sponsorship opportunities either.\nBecoming a brand influencer or an affiliate is a great way to make money with YouTube, even without millions of views. Influencer marketing is gaining traction and many YouTube creators use this income stream to support their channel.\nIf your brand is a good fit for a company, you can negotiate a good deal with a brand to promote them in front of your audience. Mid-level influencers with 50,000 to 100,000 subscribers charge brands on average $500 to $1,000 per post.\nHowever, it’s important to be transparent with your audience and only endorse products that you believe in and support.\nAnother option is to become an affiliate for select brands. You’ll make money through commissions from sales you generate from your channel. This works especially well if you review products on your channel.\nRyan says one key to his success regarding affiliate income is that he’s very transparent about the affiliate connection in his videos. He’ll mention the opportunity to get a product or service by clicking on a link in the description of his video.\nRyan says that he chooses transparency in this area for two reasons: First, he wants to be entirely honest with his viewers in order to build authentic relationships with them.\nSecond, he finds that if he tells people they can support him by clicking on affiliate links, they’re much more likely to buy through the links because of the human nature we all have to want to help others. Especially when those “others” are providing valuable information to viewers.\nDid you upload a video of your dog howling “Merry Christmas” and it went viral? You can license your content in exchange for money to TV news outlets, morning shows, online news sites, and so on.\nIf your video goes viral, other content creators may reach out to you to use it as part of a compilation. Alternatively, you can also list your videos in a marketplace such as Jukin Media where they will be easier for the right people to find and purchase.\nJust like with other platforms, as your following grows and you gain a loyal audience, you’ll have more options to monetize. Learning how to make money with YouTube takes trial and error.\nIt’s important to take the time to figure out what works and what doesn’t for your specific audience.\nHowever, here are a few pointers that will accelerate your growth and make it easier to monetize your content.\nGrowing your audience on YouTube is extremely important. If you’ve got great content, you will find growing your audience easier. But Ryan suggests some other tips for growing your audience as well.\nRyan started growing his audience by reaching out to family, friends, and acquaintances and asking them to subscribe to his channel. After that, he created a Twitter account.\nHe’d post links to his videos on Twitter, and then he’d seek out followers of popular experts in his niche–personal finance.\nHe’d follow other experts’ followers, and then when they’d follow back, he’d send them a private message. Ryan would thank them for following him and share his YouTube channel link, asking them to subscribe.\nGrowth was slow at first. But eventually, his channel’s growth started to snowball. He had 100 subscribers after 7 weeks, 10,000 subscribers after six months and 100,000 subscribers after 14 months. Today he has over 400,000 subscribers.\nBuilding a loyal audience who’s interested in your content puts you in a great position to monetize in a variety of ways. However, you need to understand the makeup of your audience so you can be very targeted in the content you create.\nAdvertisers are looking to reach a specific audience so the more niche your channel is, the better you’ll be able to make money down the road. Videos that appeal to someone in their 20s will likely not resonate with someone in their 50s.\nThink about what the ideal person watching your videos looks like, wears, and does on a daily basis. Give them a name, face, profession, hobbies, etc.\nThis is your customer avatar, the person you’ll be targeting with your content. Identifying your avatar will help you monetize your channel faster and make it easier to create content that resonates with your viewers.\nSince YouTube is a search engine, keep in mind that it relies on keywords to rank content just like Google does. Certain keywords are more valuable than others and demand a premium in terms of advertising dollars.\nThis is why it’s important to do your research and find keywords that are high in demand but lower in competition. Use keyword research tools like KeywordTool.io specifically targeted to YouTube to find the keywords in your niche that will resonate with your audience and are also valuable to advertisers.\nThe more valuable the keyword, the fewer views you’ll need to cash in on advertising dollars.\nEventually, Ryan started a blog called Investing Simple. He and his business partner started the blog to share powerful investing tips. Ryan also includes YouTube videos with many of his blog posts.\nThis technique helps drive traffic to his YouTube channel and thereby increase his income.\nRyan quit his job to focus on his YouTube business full-time in June of 2017, just eight months after he started. He was only making $1,000 on his channel at the time, however, he had some safety measures in place before he quit.\nFor instance, he had $10,000 in an emergency savings fund. And he made himself a promise: If he blew through $5,000 of his emergency fund, he’d go get a job to supplement his income while he continued working on growing his channel.\nRyan also worked hard to minimize expenses by living with his mom. He cut costs where he could and lived frugally as he worked to grow and market his channel.\nLuckily, his hard work and smart planning paid off. Today, Ryan Scribner works about 15 hours a week on his YouTube channel and marketing it, and another five hours a week on his blog. And he makes several thousand dollars a month working part-time.\nIf you’re looking to make money with YouTube, don’t rely on advertising as your sole monetization strategy. Making money with a small channel is possible but it does require that you explore multiple earning opportunities.\nTake the time to create quality, targeted content that speaks to your audience, and focus on building your brand.\nCategories Make Money\nVeneta Lusk\nVeneta Lusk is an award-winning writer with nearly 14 years of experience. She holds a BA in journalism from the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill. Her expertise includes personal finance, making money, frugal living, saving money, and building a freelance career.\nShe has been featured in MSN, The Penny Hoarder, Debt.com and more.\nShe loves empowering people to get smart about their finances so they can live their dreams.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1765725"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9650058150291443,"wiki_prob":0.9650058150291443,"text":"Digital Marketing & Ad Tech News\nBrands Bet Millions That Apple's iTunes Radio Scales Quickly\nApple's Device and OS Infrastructure Gives it Chance to Be the Biggest\nBy John McDermott. Published on September 18, 2013.\nWhat Spotify's Joe Rogan uproar means for brands\nLike any new service, iTunes Radio will have zero users when it launches on Wednesday. More important, one of the key platforms for Apple's highly-anticipated streaming music service, the iOS 7 mobile platform necessary to run iTunes Radio on iPhones and iPads, is also being released for the first time today.\nBut that doesn't seem to concern advertisers.\nSeveral big brands have shelled out upwards of $10 million to be iTunes Radio launch partners, a large bet that iTunes Radio will quickly become a force in the already crowded Internet radio industry.\n\"We've worked with all of them,\" said Frank Cooper, PepsiCo's CMO for global consumer engagement, \"We looked at the the devices Apple has and the number of subscribers that they have overall on iTunes. Just in terms of infrastructure, we think they have the chance to be the biggest.\"\nApple's iTunes has already been receiving more Internet traffic than most streaming music services, and that was without its new radio product. iTunes received 26.6 million unique U.S. visitors in July 2013, more than streaming music providers Spotify (20.19 million), Rdio (4 million) and Rhapsody (2.89 million), according to comScore. iTunes has the advantage of coming preloaded on all Apple products and being available for free download on Windows as well.\nMr. Cooper thinks iTunes will be so popular that he helped make Pepsi one of the handful of brands to advertise on the service shortly after it launches. Other marketers in on the launch include Macy's, McDonald's, Nissan and Procter & Gamble. Each brand will be the exclusive advertiser on iTunes Radio within its respective category through the end of 2013. Pepsi will be the only brand with a branded radio station at launch.\nThe nature of iTunes Radio -- serving songs (and ads) to users based upon their listening habits rather than allowing them to play songs on demand -- makes Pandora its closest competitor. At the moment, Pandora is by far the industry leader in streaming music with nearly 65 million uniques in July alone, per comScore.\nTony Giannini, senior VP-media strategy and marketing effectiveness at Macy's, said he will continue buying ads on Pandora despite Macy's being an iTunes Radio launch partner.\n\"Audio has for us always done very, very well. It's something we use to support most if not all of our campaigns,\" he said.\nPandora's main advantage over its competition is its mobile presence. Eighty percent of people who visited Pandora in July 2013 did so from a mobile device, according to comScore. Apple will compete by making iTunes Radio built into all iPhones, iPods and iPads that run iOS 7, Apple's latest iteration of its mobile operating system.\nPhil O'Connor, Nissan's senior manager of media, said he plans to use iTunes Radio's location-targeting capabilities for Nissan's traveling Heisman House campaign. The installation goes to a different college football stadium each week, so Mr. O'Connor plans to serve ads to iTunes Radio users near its weekly location.\nTargeting only matters if there is a substantial user base, and in order for this to happen, Apple needs its users to upgrade their software. Apple has a good track of record of getting its mobile users to update to subsequent OSs. When Apple CEO Tim Cook announced iOS 7 this summer, he said 93% of Apple mobile users were using iOS 6, the latest version at the time.\nDisregarding iTunes Radio's scale, launch partners still stand to benefit from being associated with a high-profile Apple product.\n\"We'd never shy away from the positive PR of an Apple launch, but we've found that those things fade out,\" Mr. Cooper said. \"What's left is the substantive aspects of that partnership.\"\nCORRECTION: In an earlier version of this story, Tony Giannini's name was spelled incorrectly.\nCrypto.com teams with LeBron James for Web3 education\nConsumer losses to social media scams nearly tripled last year\nHow NFTs are used by marketers—a continually updated list\nHow TikTok, Twitter, Snap are upgrading ad tools to help drive brand sales\nAT&T profit tops estimates as it braces for wireless slump\nInstacart debuts landing pages and shoppable display ads for Ben & Jerry's and other brands","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1462256"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.983905553817749,"wiki_prob":0.983905553817749,"text":"Britain’s walking hero, Captain Tom, awarded knighthood by the queen\nCapt. Tom Moore became a national hero in Britain after raising more than $40 million for the National Health Service ahead of his 100th birthday in April. (Reuters)\nBy Jennifer Hassan\nLONDON — Capt. Tom Moore, the beloved British war veteran who walked the length of his garden 100 times to raise money ahead of his 100th birthday in April, has received a knighthood for his fundraising initiative, which brought in about $40 million for Britain’s National Health Service charities.\nLast month, more than half a million people signed a petition asking for Moore to be knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his efforts. Now, it appears their wish has been granted.\nReacting to news he was to be knighted on Wednesday, Moore, who served in India during World War II, told BBC Breakfast it was an “outstanding honor” and said he was “delighted.” On social media, many used the hashtag #SirCaptainTomMoore to celebrate his new title and achievement.\nWidely hailed as a “legend,” Moore has become a national and international treasure in recent weeks, with many branding him Britain’s light amid the darkness of the deadly coronavirus pandemic that has so far claimed at least 35,000 lives in the United Kingdom.\nOn Wednesday, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said of Moore: “You have inspired us all with your fantastic fundraising efforts. On behalf of the whole country, I want to say a huge thank you.”\nMoore’s rise to fame began in April, when he set out to raise £1,000 (nearly $1,250) for the health service and its staff during the health crisis by walking the 82-foot length of his garden back and forth 100 times, using his walker for support. He sought to complete the laps ahead of his birthday on April 30.\nBut just 24 hours after Moore started, he had shattered his target, raising the equivalent of $8,750. From then on, donations poured in from all corners of the world, even causing his online fundraising page to crash repeatedly. Moore continued to increase his goal and vowed to keep walking.\nMoore completed his final lap two weeks ahead of schedule, as the figure hit $15 million. On April 30, his fundraising page closed, with the final total at a staggering £32,796,510 ($40 million) pledged from more than 1 million donors worldwide.\nThe veteran’s life and achievements were widely celebrated on his milestone 100th birthday last month with a flyby above his home in Bedfordshire, 50 miles north of London, and an honorary promotion from captain to colonel as tributes around the world flooded in.\nCelebrities including champion boxer Anthony Joshua and racecar driver Lewis Hamilton have praised his actions, while Britain’s royals have also hailed his story as “incredible.”\nPrince William, who is second in line to the British throne after his father, Prince Charles, called Moore a “one-man fundraising machine.”\n“Arise #SirTomMoore! Congratulations to @captaintommoore, on being knighted following his fundraising efforts for #NHS Charities,” the British Army tweeted Wednesday along with many others who took to social media to congratulate the 100-year-old.\nCapt. Tom’s 100th birthday: 150,000 cards, a promotion and a fundraiser worth $39 million\n“I really do thank you from the bottom of my heart,” Moore said Wednesday in a message to those who have supported his journey.\nOn Wednesday morning, many of Britain’s tabloid newspapers ran photos of Moore on their front pages.\n“Arise Sir Tom,” read the cover of the Telegraph, as The Sun declared him a “hero.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line817810"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6077128648757935,"wiki_prob":0.39228713512420654,"text":"Phil Cooper\nOur friend Phil is a contemporary singer/songwriter who has earned excellent reviews from the national press, with his thought provoking songwriting and energetic live performances drawing comparisons to Neil Finn, Glenn Tilbrook and Ben Folds. He is also a member of the folk trio “The Lost Trades” who have been making a noise on that scene recently.\nDuring his solo shows, he makes a real connection with the crowd, whether it’s handing out dozens of egg shakers, or passing around his “doodle book” for the audience to draw in. Every now and then you’ll catch him unplugging his guitar and shunning the stage to stand right in among the captivated audience.\nPhil has three albums on CD or download available via the Infinite Hive Shop: “Things I’ll Never Say“, “Thoughts & Observations“, which is also on 12″ vinyl, and the new, darker, edgier more rock-based album “These Revelation Games” which we published for him during the lockdown period of 2020.\nCheck out his videos for “House of Mirrors” and “Over My Head” on YouTube, to give you a taste of what to expect.\nThese Revelation Games (album)\nIHPCDL037\nThoughts & Observations (album)\nIHPCVI022\nThings I’ll Never Say (album)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line483361"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7350298166275024,"wiki_prob":0.26497018337249756,"text":"020 8090 1623 info@alsalam.ac.uk\nAbout ASI\nWhy ASI?\nThe initial idea that led to establishing Al-Salam Institute was the desire to facilitate the study of Islamic sciences. Shaykh Akram Nadwi had been travelling from Oxford to London on a weekly basis to teach a growing number of students, a large number of whom were also travelling from Oxford to attend these classes. Continue Reading...\nDr Akram Nadwi\nDr Mohammad Akram Nadwi is a world-renowned scholar of Indian origin, who has now resided in England for many years. He is recipient of the Allama Iqbal prize for contribution to Islamic thought and is the Principal and co-founder of Al-Salam Institute.Continue Reading...\nAt ASI we pride ourselves in creating an inclusive environment. Students enrol onto the ISP from a diverse range of personal and theological backgrounds, and find that they are able to expand their friendship circles and networks. Continue Reading...\n“It seems as if the whole umma is represented, and always the best of each group. Sufis, Deobandis, Modernists, Salafis, etc., are all present – and in the time I’ve been there I’ve never witnessed any of the sectarianism witnessed elsewhere.” - Abu Yusuf Vazquez, Advanced level student 2015\n“Alhamdulillah this has been by far my best year in a very long time. Being a full-time mother of two small children, ASI has been a break from the usual pressures of life and a time for spiritual growth.”\nSupport a Student\nThrough your help, Al-Salam Institute will be offering scholarships to students who would otherwise be unable to pursue the path of sacred knowledge. Learn More...\nIslamic Scholarship Programmes\nThe Foundation Year is tailored for students of Islamic knowledge who are just beginning their journey. The course provides a solid basis in Islamic scholarship through part-time study with some of the most renowned and accomplished teachers in the UK, including Shaykh Akram Nadwi.\nArabic Immersion Year\nThe Arabic Immersion Year provides an immersive environment for students to improve in their knowledge of Arabic grammar and morphology, as well as further develop their skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing in the Arabic language.\nAlimiyyah Programme\nThe Alimiyyah Programme is designed to provide students with a firm grounding in the Arabic language and Classical Islamic Disciplines. Students begin by studying intermediate texts in a variety of disciplines, before being exposed to broader and more advanced texts.\nStudy from a number of short courses throughout the year on classical topics and contemporary issues, taught by specialists and open to all.\nLearn anytime, anywhere with ASI On-Demand. Specialise in your chosen subject area or follow dedicated study pathways with seminar series.\nKnowledge Retreat\nBetween the 3rd April to 14th April 2020, students will attend a ten-day retreat in Malaysia. Learn More\nSacred Sciences Journey\nAt Al-Salam we seek to reconnect students to their scholarly lineage, taking them to different countries all over the world in order to sit with and benefit from a number of notable scholars. Learn More\nModern science seeks power, not wisdom\nOver-definition of legal concepts\nAcademic Programmes OfficerAl-Salam Institute is seeking to hire an Academic Programmes Officer for the student support and delivery of the ASI academic programmes.\nASI On-Demand\nLECTURES AND SERIES ON A VAST ARRAY OF FASCINATING SUBJECTS\nAl-Salam Institute provides a number of bespoke short courses throughout the year on classical topics and contemporary issues. These short courses are delivered as seminars, taught by specialists and experts in the field, and are open to all. Students can join us live onsite or online and also access these later on-demand.\nOur short courses cover:\nHadith Studies\nQuranic Studies\nIslam and Society\nObjectives of Islamic Law\nPrinciples of Quranic Exegesis\nPrinciples of Prophetic Traditions\nPrinciples of Islamic Jurisprudence\nHistory and Theology\nLogic and Philosophy\nStay updated with the latest special offers, exciting news and upcoming courses and events.\n© 2021 ASI\nWe use cookies to ensure proper functionality of our site and to ensure you get the best online experience. You can read more about how we use them in our cookies policy. Your cookie consent choices can be changed at anytime in your browser settings. FIND OUT MORE.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1528369"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.588327944278717,"wiki_prob":0.41167205572128296,"text":"Samples US politics A Review Of “THE Trouble With Hillary Clinton’s Free Tuition Plan”\nPolitical PartiesGlobal PoliticsPolitical CrisisElectionWorld ReligionsAviationWorld Wide WebEntertainmentSelf ReflectionPatient\nA Review Of “THE Trouble With Hillary Clinton’s Free Tuition Plan”\nBackgroundKevin Carey’s “The Trouble with Hillary Clinton’s Free Tuition Plan” appeared in the New York Times on July 19, 2016. Carey’s writing on this subject is significant because he serves as the director or the Education Policy Program at the influential New America Think Tank. Carey’s writing is also worth reading, because he has lectured on education policy at Johns Hopkins University and was the Assistant State Budget Director for Education in Indiana.\n\"A Review Of “THE Trouble With Hillary Clinton’s Free Tuition Plan”\"\nIn this article, Carey addresses the feasibility of creating a free tuition system in America. This subject is particularly important because Hillary Clinton, one of the two major contenders for United States president has proposed making tuition free for students whose parents earn less than $125,000 a year. This could affect the country’s budget, debt and rates of taxation. It also has the potential to affect the worth of college degrees and the finances of different states. Because making college tuition free has the potential to affect the well-being of every American, it is important for Americans to understand how feasible such a program is and how it might change their lives.\nCarey argues that Clinton’s plan for free tuition s infeasible. He suggests that if Clinton were to present a plan that would allow students to send their bills to government for it to pay that colleges would bump up their tuition rates. This, he says, could create an unsustainable financial burden on the country. He also suggests that if Clinton were to promise to subsidize tuition only at the current prices, she would penalize states which had provided for the most education spending and reward states which spent too little on education. He argues that if Clinton were to implement a plan which would provide the same subsidy to each student based on a formula which would take into account income, poverty levels in certain areas that certain states would still have difficulties charging $0 for tuition and would force states that have often been reluctant to raise taxes to have to raise them in order to subsidize tuition enough to make it free. This would, he says, cause some states to opt out of the program.\nCarey suggests that instead of trying to create an entirely free college system that Clinton should return to the policies that she supported before the election. These policies, he says, would allow states to administer grants to colleges which reduce their tuition costs, so that students could pay for their educations without assuming debt.\nCarey speaks in plain language and does not define any keywords or technical terms. His presentation of the topic is even-handed. While he finds Clinton’s plan unfeasible, he does not attack her personally. Instead, he suggests that some of the plans she supported in the past would work well. He points out the specific flaws in Clinton’s proposal and offers an alternative. His information seems sound. He points out the differences in tuition costs in Wyoming, New Hampshire and Alaska and explains why these differences would matter if the government were to subsidize each equally.\nThis article has many strengths. Carey explains the possible problems which could arise if Clinton were to create a free tuition system. He makes these problems easy to understand and his information seems credible, as he speaks from his own knowledge and experience in the world of education policy. He does not seem particularly biased. His organization is non-partisan and non-profit. He offers Clinton praise as well as criticism. Yet he does omit some information which would be useful. He does not, for instance, explain that the problem with Clinton’s plan is that driving tuition costs higher might adversely affect the very people it was designed to help. Taxpayers would have to foot the bill when universities raised the cost of tuition in response to government subsidies. This would mean higher taxation for some and could mean lower wages or lost jobs for others as employers, taxed more, looked for ways to cut their costs. Carey does not mention these things.\nNevertheless, Carey’s article is largely unbiased, lacks distortion and is not at all sensational. It is far less biased than many of the other articles that have been written on the same topic. For instance, Jeff Jacoby of the Boston Globe, declared unequivocally that “Making college ‘free’ will only make it worse.” Jacoby denounced the idea of free tuition as a fantasy akin to a belief in Santa Clause or time travel. Other writers, like NBC’s Martha C. White emphasized the fact that two-thirds of Americans have a favorable opinion of free tuition, but largely ignored the problems with costs and sustainability Carey mentions. Some articles contradicted Carey’s claim of infeasibility. They suggested that schools could opt into the tuition free system, but could continue to raise extra money though out-of-state premiums or by charging more for room and board. The fact that Carey provides both praise and criticism for the program – and that he explains why he believes that Clinton’s program would not work – makes his article more useful than many other articles, which simply aim to criticize or support Clinton as a candidate. The most impressive aspect of Carey’s article is its simplicity. Carey’s straightforward language makes it very easy to follow his arguments and to understand the complexities of creating a free tuition system. Although I originally found the idea of free college tuition attractive, I had not realized that schools might be tempted to raise their tuition prices exorbitantly in response and could make such a system hard for the economy to support.\nCarey’s simple, straightforward language, along with his relative lack of bias and his ability to explain both the pros and cons of ideas in a rational manner make his observations about Clinton’s tuition-free college plan well worth reading. His reliance on facts rather than personal attacks or idol worship make his article far more useful than many of the partisan articles written on the same subject.\nJacoby, J. (2016, July 13). Making college ‘free’ will only make it worse. Retrieved from Boston Globe: https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2016/07/12/making-college-free-will-only-make-worse/YVonfawas70nG1CPZy8ctJ/story.html\nKamanetz, A. (2016, July 28). Clinton’s Free-Tuition Promise: What Would It Cost? How Would It Work? Retrieved from NPR: http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/07/28/487794394/hillary-s-free-tuition-promise-what-would-it-cost-how-would-it-work\nNew America. (2016, June). Kevin Carey: Director, Education Policy Program. Retrieved from New America: https://www.newamerica.org/our-people/kevin-carey/\nWhite, M. C. (2016, August 1). Two-Thirds of Americans Support Free College Tuition. Retrieved from NBC: http://www.nbcnews.com/business/personal-finance/two-thirds-americans-support-free-college-tuition-n620856\nAmerican Political Parties\nAre parties an important part of American politics? Are they helpful? Are they detrimental? For long-term development in emerging democracies, political parties are extremely important. For many years these parties…\nThere are many variations in the political party systems in different democracies. The three main systems include single party system, multiparty system and two party systems. The first reason for…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1143684"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5026260614395142,"wiki_prob":0.5026260614395142,"text":"i About Homeopathics💬 Homeopathy Forum✚ Remedy Finder App\nHomeopathic Remedies: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Combinations Kits\nBuy Ammonium Carbonicum 4C\n(Carbonate Of Ammonia, Ammonium Carb, Ammon. Carb, Amm Carb)\nAmmonium Carbonicum materia medica\nAmmonium Carbonicum is available in all the potencies, formats and brands specified below. If you do not see what you require, please contact us.\nFor uses of Ammonium Carbonicum 4C see the main Ammonium Carbonicum page for materia medica from Boericke, Boger, Clarke, Hahnemann, Hering, Kent Lectures, Nash, T.F. Allen, Boenninghausen and our reversed & reworded Kent repertory.\nUse the new shop...\nPlease select a supplier below.\n...or use the old shop:\nAmmonium Carbonicum is available from Canada in the following:\nBoiron Pellets from $6.59 in : 4X, 6X, 8X, 12X, 30X, 2C, 3C, 4C , 6C, 8C, 12C, 30C, 200C, 200CH, 1M, 10M, 80 pellets, Unit Dose\nBoiron Liquid Dilutions from $9.79 in : 4X, 6X, 8X, 12X, 30X, 2C, 3C, 4C , 6C, 8C, 12C, 30C, 200C, 200CH, 1M, 10M, 30ml, 60ml, 1 litre\nImages representative. Not to scale. Packaging may vary.\nIn Canada, Boiron & Homeodel remedies are shipped from Toronto.\nBuy from Canada\nShipping from $3.00 .\nShipping in USA and Canada only. Prices in Canadian dollars.\nShipping to USA from $23.00\nAmmonium Carbonicum is available from Boiron in the following:\nPellets from $8.49 in : 6C, 30C, 200C, 80 pellets\nBoiron remedies shipped from San Diego, California. Generally cheapest shipping on international orders.\nBuy from Boiron\nShipping globally, except Europe, Africa, India and South America. 2nd day shipping available in USA.\nAmmonium Carbonicum is available from WHP in the following:\nPills from $8.99 in : 10X, 11X, 12X, 13X, 14X, 15X, 16X, 17X, 18X, 19X, 20X, 21X, 22X, 23X, 24X, 25X, 26X, 27X, 28X, 29X, 30X, 7C, 8C, 9C, 10C, 11C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 16C, 17C, 18C, 19C, 20C, 21C, 22C, 23C, 24C, 25C, 26C, 27C, 28C, 29C, 30C, 200C, 1M, 4dm\nWHP remedies are shipped from Berkeley Springs, West Virginia.\nBuy from WHP\nShipping from $4.99. FREE for orders over $100 (USA addresses). .\nShipping globally, except Europe, Nigeria and South Africa.\nThis site is for information only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.\nSite contents and design © Copyright 2001-19 Influenca ltd","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1392736"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8677026033401489,"wiki_prob":0.8677026033401489,"text":"HomeAll CountriesUnited KingdomUK band HURTS submit song to Russian broadcaster\nUK band HURTS submit song to Russian broadcaster\nAfter the BBC’s recent announcements on the United Kingdom’s entrant at Eurovision 2011, British band “HURTS”, have instead submitted a song to the Russian broadcaster C1R, for the opportunity to represent the country at Eurovision 2011. According to a tweet made by the duo’s singer, Theo Hutchcraft, the band “have decided to submit our song to the good, good people of Russia.”\nThe band are known to be fans of the contest, and attended the final of the 2010 contest in Oslo. They have also expressed in the past in interviews that they would like to be given the chance to take part in the contest; although not mentioning whether they would go for their home country (the UK), or not. However, the comment may be a backlash against the group “Blue” who were recently chosen to represent the United Kingdom at Eurovision 2011.\nHURTS is a duo that consist of vocalist Theo Hutchcraft and synth player Adam Anderson. The group originates from Manchester, England and was formed in 2009. They have released their debut album “Happiness” throughout Europe at the end of August 2010, and have released three singles in the UK. However, the group has received significantly more success on mainland Europe as opposed to in the United Kingdom, being part of Russian airplay charts for 41 weeks now, with the song “Wonderful Life” (peaking at #4). They have recently completed a string of concerts in Russia, and have returned to England for a set of concerts over the next week.\nIt is still unknown how Eurovision 2009 host broadcaster C1R will select their entrant for the 2011 contest – whether it be by a national final or an internally selected artist. ESCDaily will hopefully be able to give more information about this in the next few days.\nThe Netherlands: 3JS to sing “Je Vecht Nooit Alleen” in Düsseldorf\nGermany: First Semi Final","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1308347"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9077540636062622,"wiki_prob":0.9077540636062622,"text":"Private Eyes: DQ talks to Jason Priestly and Cindy Sampson\nBirth days\nToo Close for comfort\nReturn of the space cowboy\nGoodbye Gomorrah\nJason Priestly and Cindy Sampson team up as a pair of private investigators in Canadian drama Private Eyes. Michael Pickard tracks them down.\nThey’ve teamed up to play a pair of private investigators who carry out covert operations at the request of their clients.\nBut when DQ finds Jason Priestly and Cindy Sampson sitting together on a beachside sofa in Cannes, they’re anything but undercover. Laughing loudly at each other’s jokes, they’re supremely at ease and riotously enjoying one another’s company – a quality that also comes across on camera in the early teaser trailers for their new crime drama Private Eyes.\nThe series follows ex-pro hockey player Matt Shade (Priestly) who partners with PI Angie Everett (Sampson) to form an unlikely duo.\nOn the ice, Shade learned how to hustle, read people and anticipate their moves. Working with Angie, he’s found a new home where his skills still matter. Meanwhile, Everett – straightforward and clever – has taken over her father’s PI business after his death and strives to keep his legacy alive.\nThe show sees Priestly’s ex-pro hockey player partner with PI Angie Everett, played by Sampson\n“He’s the flashy ex-hockey player with the celebrity status,” Sampson explains. “Angie doesn’t suffer fools, she has no time for that and is a workaholic so there’s some friction in the beginning but eventually she opens up her life and her business and they become partners by the end of the first season.”\nTraditional crime procedurals – from which Private Eyes takes its cue – have fallen out of favour in the US over recent years as serialised stories have taken priority for broadcast and cable networks and streaming platforms. But Priestley believes there’s still a place for case-of-the-week series, with demand for episodic content particularly high across Europe.\n“Detective shows have been around for a long time and people always seem to respond well to them,” he says. “We grew up on a steady diet of shows like Moonlighting and Heart to Heart (both of which feature male and female co-leads) and this show is a homage to programmes like that – just with a much more modern storytelling technique.”\nPriestly needs no introduction. Growing up on camera in various bit-part roles, he shot to fame as Brandon Walsh in Beverly Hills, 90210 – the Aaron Spelling-produced soap that ran on Fox for 10 seasons until 2000. More recent credits include Canadian comedy Call Me Fitz and a recurring role on Syfy’s Haven, among numerous cameo appearances in shows produced on both sides of the US/Canada border.\n“I was attached to the show from the very beginning of the development process,” Priestly says of Private Eyes, which launches on Global TV today. “I was involved right from the get-go and it’s been about three years. We had an exhaustive search to find our Angie and luckily we found Cindy in Toronto. We looked everywhere – New York, Los Angeles, Vancouver; we looked everywhere and found Cindy in Toronto, which was very lucky for us. We clicked right away.”\nSampson, who came onboard in August 2015, continues: “I did a screen test, a chemistry test, so I read with (Priestly) in a room of 40 people. We had a good laugh and then it all happened really quickly. We went into fittings and started shooting in the middle of September. We wrapped 10 episodes in February.\nJason Priestly is best known for his long stint on Beverly Hills, 90210\n“There are a lot of lines to learn. We did a lot of talking! And being in every scene… It was amazing though. We had so much fun doing it. It didn’t feel like work.”\nThe pair didn’t know each other before partnering for Private Eyes but Sampson – whose credits include Rookie Blue, Supernatural and Rogue – says they instantly connected through their shared sense of humour.\n“That helps when you spend 24 hours a day with someone for six months,” she says. “It really helps when you have to eat three meals a day with the same person. We hear that other people don’t get along so well but we’ve been pretty fortunate. We had a good time. So many times you work on projects and the finished result is great but the experience maybe wasn’t great.”\nPriestly adds: “We’ve been having a really good time and hopefully it comes through in the show and people enjoy watching it.”\nThe 10-episode season, produced and distributed by Entertainment One, has been written by showrunners Shelley Eriksen (Continuum) and Alan McCullough (Rookie Blue), who gave their stars plenty of room to embody their characters beyond the lines on the script.\n“We had quite a bit of latitude (with the characters), which is good because things would change on a daily basis,” Priestly reveals. “Things would evolve while we were shooting, so it was exciting. A lot of those changes came out of the fact that everyone was always working to make the show better.”\nSampson adds: “And once we got into the groove of our characters, things were evolving because of that too. It was like a living, breathing thing.”\nThe production wasn’t without its challenges, however, and both Sampson and Priestly recall one particularly cold day shooting on board a ferry.\nCindy Sampson says she and Priestly hit it off from the start\n“The day on the ferry was coldest I have been in my entire life,” Sampson says. “There were tears rolling down our faces and we’re trying to pretend it’s a nice fall day. There were tears non-stop!”\nPriestly adds: “We shot an episode on Toronto Island – it’s not a place many people go or know about. It’s a beautiful island just in Lake Ontario and you have to take a ferry to get there (from the main city of Toronto). They shut down the ferry in the winter, and we were on it on the last day it was in operation before winter. And there’s a reason they shut it down – because it’s so fucking cold. It was the coldest I’ve been in a long time.”\nPriestly now splits his time in front of and behind the camera, having first climbed into the director’s chair more than 20 years ago for episodes of 90210. More recently, he’s helmed episodes of medical drama Saving Hope and forthcoming horror Van Helsing – and he says the new opportunities that emerging streaming services provide mean it’s an exciting time to be working in television.\n“There’s been a lot of qualitative improvements in television, certainly since I started my career in the 1980s, like the way we shoot television now,” he notes. “When I started, we shot on film. Film is dead. The way we light television now is different. We use LED lights as opposed to the old acetylene lights.\n“The technology has impacted the way we do it in myriad ways. But also the fact the special effects are so readily available now. The use of green screens and the things you can do without green screens, the opportunities to be creative are so much greater now than they were even 10 years ago. The landscape has evolved and continues to evolve every day.”\ntagged in: Cindy Sampson, Entertainment One, Global TV, Jason Priestly, Private Eyes","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line886866"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9221271872520447,"wiki_prob":0.9221271872520447,"text":"Former WWE Writer Matt Mazany Reflects On Trying To Change WWE Culture From The Inside Out\nA former WWE screenwriter reflects on his time in the business, including a firsthand account of Vince McMahon ripping a script in two.\nBeing a WWE writer is a job that can be kind of a revolving door. Bringing together TV creation, character storytelling, and the occasional TV script, writing for WWE is a job that takes a lot of flexibility and patience.\nRhett Titus remembers Austin Aries farting at him on first day of training\nMatt Mazany was a WWE writer in the second half of the past decade. Now he talks about his experience, the good and the bad, in a new appearance on Reconcile the Aisle on Radio Misfits.\nMatt recalls a time when Vince McMahon ripped a script in half at 11 a.m. on a Monday Night Raw and recounts how he tried to change the culture of WWE slightly while he was there – low.\n“Oh, that was a weird, fun, wild, miserable, cool, crazy, intense time in my life. It was great. It was a great experience. I’m glad I did. It was like a childhood dreamer type thing. But, my boy, the reality of this place is very wild. There are a lot of stories about it. They are all half true. It was fun, man. It’s cool,” Matt said. “You’re there to sort of control the show, because it’s three hours of TV on Monday, it’s two hours of TV on Friday, it’s one hour of TV on Wednesday. So you file, and then there are other specials like pay-per-view. So at any given time you are doing about seven to ten hours of television. So you just have to write the script of the long-term scenarios that go from month to month, the short-term scenarios that go from the start of the series to the end of this series. But the only thing is when they get in the ring, it’s the wrestlers, it’s their performances, they have producers there to help work with the camera team. But it’s a whole, it’s a huge, huge undertaking. You just need a lot of people to get everything in order. Otherwise, you know, these shows go to chaos, because it’s live too. It’s a live broadcast.\n“We had scripts there and you know, Vince McMahon is kind of an interesting guy. We had 8pm, the show goes live on TV, a three hour show, and I saw it. The 11 o “Clock production meeting, just tear the script in half and say,” Oh we have to start over, guys, my God “and you just gotta start, you just gotta go and you just have to find a new show and write it and put it together. So it’s a crazy time, but it’s a lot of good. If there weren’t any good people there, this would never be done. There are a lot of good people who bring it all together. “\nSpeaking of the corporate culture, Matt would say there were times when working for WWE caused internal turmoil in him, but ultimately he felt he had better be there to try. to change the culture from within.\n“It is happening there, there is a culture there that has in some ways improved, in some ways has never changed. But there is a culture there that looks a bit like the bullying and that has happened before there. Personally, I haven’t encountered too many of them, some but not in a different way than others. So I can only speak from my experience. In the scenarios, you kind of have to run into that stuff. The only thing about the storylines in wrestling is there’s, you know, a lot of archetypes and you just think that this person is bad. person is good Sometimes the reasons why someone is bad or why someone is good maybe a little out of date.\nHe continued, “So those old school ideas like what makes a bad guy bad are still around so I mean there were times out there where I had to go like you know” Hey that’s the reason they are laughing at you do you know that person is because they are, you know a tall person is or is it because they are bad? You’ve got to kind of play the motives of Moses over there. I think wrestling is basically – at its best, wrestling is kind of a moral game-building. So you want to make sure that the bad guys are bad for the right reasons and the good ones are good for the right reasons.\n“There was enough space where I could get the things I wanted to do and I didn’t have to be on top of the things I didn’t want to do that way. There were other writers who were fine with the writing if the storylines were so. But I think it’s worth talking about. Because like, that’s the only way cultures change in these places. I think like, you kind of got to do it, and it’s hard to do, because it’s like, there was a time when I was there, that was when Charlottesville happened and there was nothing in the room that we were doing anything that or anything like that against. But it was just the fact that I knew Vince McMahon had given Donald Trump about $ 6 million, personal money, at the time. All of these things tied together. I said, “Should I even work for this company?” »Do I feel good working for this company? I told my partner about it at the time. She told me it was like, “Yeah, it’s bad that you’re with this business, but it’s probably better that you’re in the business so you can influence how certain things have turned out. ”\n“I did my best to watch out for the fat-shaming in the gym, because that’s something that in wrestling culture Vince grows up like, guys have amazing bodies, right? they’re all in amazing shape. But every once in a while you’ll have an athlete who just happens to be a bit portly, but they’re still amazing athletes. But then one of the things they have like, Oh he eat a sandwich all the time or something. So I could do influences in that by trying to push things a certain way. But it’s hard because nobody likes being the squeaky wheel. No one likes to stand out that way. But I tried to do that. There was a story someone told me after the fact, where someone was saying things they shouldn’t have said. whatever it was, and me and I jumped in and started tearing them up for it. Then they told this story . I was like, ‘I forgot I did this.’ But I was glad I did. I was like, okay, fine. I’m glad I got up at times and said the right things.\nThese days, Matt Mazany continues his involvement in the wrestling industry with his Get It Again podcast, taking an exclusive look at WCW Thunder with former Raw and NXT writer Stephen Loh. You can view the podcast here.\nIf you use any part of the above quotes, the transcript credit should go to Fightful with an H / T link to this article.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1552945"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6067329049110413,"wiki_prob":0.6067329049110413,"text":"Eurovision Song Contest 2019: Darude feat. Sebastian Rejman – Look away (Finland)\nFinland in Tel Aviv will be represented by Darude and Sebastian Rejman, whose performance of the song “Look away” won the national competion UMK19.\nDarude is a Finnish DJ and record producer from Eura, Finland. His first single “Sandstorm”, released in 1999, was an instant success. Another well-known single is “Feel the beat”, which reached number one on the singles charts in Finland for 2 weeks and number five on the UK singles chart.\nBoth tracks were included in Darude’s debut album “Before the storm” in 2000.\nA few years later, the techno artist released his second album “Rush” followed by “Label this!” (2007) and “Moments” (2015).\nDarude is not the only one we will see on stage. He will bring his friend Sebastian Rejman, a Finnish singer, actor, and television host.\nRejman is known as singer and guitarist of the band The Giant Leap.\nWritten by the artists themselves, “Look away” is a catchy dance track. The music video was directed by Jaakko Manninen, who also directed the previous two music videos for UMK19 competing songs “Release me” and “Superman”.\nThere is something you should know\nI can’t sing a love song anymore\nThere’s something going on\nAnd I can’t turn my back on it anymore\nHow can we go to sleep at night\nAnd lay there in our beds?\nWhen we know what’s going on\nWith the world today\nIs it in my head?\nAm I the only one?\nWhen the war has just began\nWe look away, look away, look away, look away\nLook away, look away, look away, look away\nLook away, look away, no\nThere’s something in the air at night\nThat feels so different\nAnd I don’t understand\nI didn’t see this one coming\nAm I the only the one?\nLook away, look away, look away, look away, no\nEurovision Song Contest 2019: Tulia – Fire of love (Poland) Eurovision Song Contest 2019: Victor Crone – Storm (Estonia) Eurovision Song Contest 2019: Kobi Marimi – Home (Israel) Eurovision Song Contest 2019: Ester Peony – On a Sunday (Romania)\nBy allaroundnewmusic|2019-05-13T20:41:57+00:00May 13th, 2019|EUROVISION|0 Comments","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line921046"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.693397045135498,"wiki_prob":0.693397045135498,"text":"Imah\nImah Dumagay is a stand-up comedian, actor, host, and producer. She has been a staple of the UAE comedy scene since 2018, and is a co-founder of Comedy Kix, a popular comedy club that runs weekly shows at various venues across UAE. Previously working as an executive assistant, Imah is now a full-time entertainer and a Partner at VIRUVI Management Consultancy, an event management company. She hails from Cotabato City, Philippines and currently lives in Dubai. In September 2021 she performed and filmed her comedy special \"IMAH: A Dose of Laughter at The Theatre, Mall of the Emirates. August 2020, she performed in Dubai Opera, she hosted for the Dubai's King and Queen of Comedy, Ali Al Sayed & Mina Liccione. - Imah Dumagay graduated from a comedy school in Dubai in March 2018. In just few months of doing stand-up gigs, she entered a comedy contest Yalla Laugh's Beat The Camel and won first place (Aug 2018), and was Judges' Choice 2nd Runner Up - International Category in Dubai Short + Sweet Comedy Festival - 2018, She was one of the local comedians performed at the Dubai Comedy Festival 2020 and 2021. After over 200 gigs, she performed her first sold-out stand-up comedy special, \"The Imah's Day Off\" at The Theatre, Mall of the Emirates Dubai in November 2020, acting as the first Filipina comedian to do so in the GCC region. - She has opened for famed Indian comedians, Zakir Khan, Nitin Mirani, Anuradha Menon, and Anshu Mor. She was featured in One Africa's Global Comedy Fest in 2018 where she performed with some of the best comedians from across Africa, among others, Basketmouth, Eric Omondi, Bovi, Salvador, & Kenn Blag. In March 2021, she performed her second headlining hour, \"The Shelarious Imah\", at The Theatre. Mall of the Emirates. - She also opened for the UK comedians Mandy Knight and Axel Blake in 2019. She appeared in the smash-hit comedy play \"lust Like That\" in 2019 & 2021.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line401602"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9789265394210815,"wiki_prob":0.9789265394210815,"text":"Glennard “OJ” Johnson\nGlennard “OJ” Johnson is a 1997 graduate of St. Albans School. He received a B.S. in Business Administration from Georgetown University where he also played varsity basketball and football. Mr. Johnson formerly served as the head basketball coach and athletic director at Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. High School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland. Now back at his high school alma mater, Mr. Johnson serves as head basketball coach, admissions associate, and Director of the Skip Grant Program. Back at his alma mater since 2011, Mr. Johnson is excited to be an active member of the St. Albans community.\nDenny Gonzalez\nDenny Gonzalez hails from New Jersey and graduated from Colgate University with an A.B. magna cum laude in English with an emphasis in Creative Writing. He currently pursues an M.A. in English at the Middlebury Bread Loaf School of English. Prior to his work at St. Albans, Mr. Gonzalez worked as a campus minister and service coordinator at Saint Ignatius High School, an all-male, Catholic high school in Cleveland, Ohio. He also taught English and served as student diversity coordinator at School of the Holy Child, an all-female, Catholic 5–12 school outside New York City. Committed to issues of justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion, Mr. Gonzalez is thrilled to step into this new role in the Skip Grant Program while continuing to foster joy in both teaching and learning in his Upper School English classroom.\nRJ Johnsen\nRJ Johnsen is an Assistant Director of the Skip Grant Program. In addition to this role, Mr. Johnsen serves as St. Albans' Head Varsity Baseball Coach, Director of Retail Operations, and Assistant Director of Upper School Admissions. Mr. Johnsen is a native of Washington, DC, having graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1999. In 2003, he received a degree in political science from the University of Rochester, where he also played varsity baseball.\nRachelle Sam\nRachelle Sam serves as an Assistant Director of the Skip Grant Program. Reverend Sam grew up in southeast Texas and received a B.A. in Religious Studies from Rice University and Master of Divinity from Harvard University. Prior to joining St. Albans, she taught ancient history and world history at Groton School in Massachusetts. At St. Albans she teaches in the Religion Department, works with the social service program, and coaches Cross Country.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1199610"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.504188060760498,"wiki_prob":0.504188060760498,"text":"They Know Not The Way\nNaturalists know not the way, save the way to confusion and chaos in their own souls and that of their nations. Naturalists propose this or that \"solution\" to this or that \"problem,\" whether domestic or international, and, almost invariably, the \"problem\" they are trying to \"resolve\" gets worse and worse and worse. One set of naturalists is thrown out at the ballot box when things get particularly bad, being replaced by yet another set of naturalists who have, they assert, \"learned\" from the lessons of the past. The only winner in this diabolical trap is, of course, the devil, as he promotes more and more naturalism by means of the various Judeo-Masonic forces at work in naturalistic, anti-Incarnational, religiously indifferentist and semi-Pelagian modern civil state.\nIt is thus laughable to read accounts of United States Senator and Secretary of State-designate Hillary Rodham Clinton talk about pursuing \"peace\" in the Middle East during her confirmation hearings before the United States Senate Foreign Affairs Committee, now headed by that august Catholic pro-abort named United States Senator John F. Kerry, D-Massachussets. As is ever the case, naturalistic platitudes ruled the day as Senator Clinton talked about \"not giving up\" on \"peace\" in the Middle East, trying to strike a balance between the humanitarian crisis faced by the Palestinians in Gaza and the security of Israeli civilians:\nAs intractable as the Middle East's problems may seem — and many presidents, including my husband, have spent years trying to help work out a resolution – we cannot give up on peace. The president-elect and I understand and are deeply sympathetic to Israel's desire to defend itself under the current conditions, and to be free of shelling by Hamas rockets.\nHowever, we have also been reminded of the tragic humanitarian costs of conflict in the Middle East, and pained by the suffering of Palestinian and Israeli civilians. This must only increase our determination to seek a just and lasting peace agreement that brings real security to Israel; normal and positive relations with its neighbors; and independence, economic progress, and security to the Palestinians in their own state.\nWe will exert every effort to support the work of Israelis and Palestinians who seek that result. It is critical not only to the parties involved but to our profound interests in undermining the forces of alienation and violent extremism across our world. (Transcript Of Clinton's Confirmation Hearing : NPR)\nNot to be outdone in the annals of naturalism is Germany's \"gift\" to the United States of America, the latter-day self-styled Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Dr. Henry Alfred Kissinger, a true believer in the \"new world order\" that is at the heart of Judeo-Masonic beliefs. As I noted a few months ago:\nKissinger, a former aide to the arch supporter of contraception and abortion, the late adulterous former Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States, Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller, and Nixon sought to issue a National Security Study Memorandum (NSSM-200) in 1974 which would have encouraging countries to impose a one-child-per family policy in order to receive American foreign aid. The Nixon Administration authorized the writing of National Security Study Memorandum 200 in 1974 that was designed to implement a variety of the “population control” measures that had been recommended by the Rockefeller Commission, a panel appointed by President Nixon in 1969 following his own Special Message to Congress on July 18, 1969, on the “necessity” of controlling population growth.\nThis particular Memorandum, which was the brainchild of Nixon and Henry Kissinger and presidential counselor Donald D. Rumsfeld, included such draconian measures as encouraging countries to develop a one child per family policy and to regulate the control of food to developing nations. As a result of pressure brought by several Catholic cardinals in the United States, this NSSM was classified until 1989, at which point its terms were released. (Foggy Bottom's Bloody Tradition)\nKissinger published an article on The Chance for a New World Order yesterday, January 13, 2009, that spells out a quintessential naturalist \"plan for peace\" that has no room for the Prince of Peace:\nThe complexity of the emerging world requires from America a more historical approach than the insistence that every problem has a final solution expressible in programs with specific time limits not infrequently geared to our political process.\nWe must learn to operate within the attainable and be prepared to pursue ultimate ends by the accumulation of nuance.\nAn international order can be permanent only if its participants have a share not only in building but also in securing it. In this manner, America and its potential partners have a unique opportunity to transform a moment of crisis into a vision of hope.\nNaturalists never learn as they reject the simple fact that He Who is the Way, the Truth and the Life, Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, has given us the only path to peace. Our Lord has commissioned His Catholic Church to be the instrument by which men may know true peace by being converted to the Faith and persevering in states of Sanctifying Grace. Peace within the souls of men by means of Sanctifying Grace is the necessary precondition, although, given the vagaries of fallen human nature, never an infallible guarantor, of peace within families and thus within nations and among nations. All other paths to \"peace\" are illusory, especially when one considers the path that the United States of America and most of the other allegedly \"civilized\" nations of the world at at war with God by means of slaughter over one million preborn babies by surgical means under cover of law each year and and the slaughter of countless millions more by means of chemical abortionists.\nHow can anyone in his right mind speak about \"peace\" among nations when when slaughter the innocent under cover of law and go about the pursuit of our \"bread and circuses\" so casually? There can be no authentic \"peace\" among nations absent a conversion of men and their nations to the true Faith. Nations that promote sin, the very thing that caused Our Blessed Lord Saviour Jesus Christ to suffer in His Sacred Humanity during His Passion and Death and that caused His Most Blessed Mother's Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart to be pierced through and through with Seven Swords of Sorrow, under cover of law and in every aspect of their popular culture will know nothing but disorder at home and conflict with each other.\nPope Leo XIII noted this in Tametsi Futura Prospicientibus, November 1, 1900:\nGod alone is Life. All other beings partake of life, but are not life. Christ, from all eternity and by His very nature, is \"the Life,\" just as He is the Truth, because He is God of God. From Him, as from its most sacred source, all life pervades and ever will pervade creation. Whatever is, is by Him; whatever lives, lives by Him. For by the Word \"all things were made; and without Him was made nothing that was made.\" This is true of the natural life; but, as We have sufficiently indicated above, we have a much higher and better life, won for us by Christ's mercy, that is to say, \"the life of grace,\" whose happy consummation is \"the life of glory,\" to which all our thoughts and actions ought to be directed. The whole object of Christian doctrine and morality is that \"we being dead to sin, should live to justice\" (I Peter ii., 24)-that is, to virtue and holiness. In this consists the moral life, with the certain hope of a happy eternity. This justice, in order to be advantageous to salvation, is nourished by Christian faith. \"The just man liveth by faith\" (Galatians iii., II). \"Without faith it is impossible to please God\" (Hebrews xi., 6). Consequently Jesus Christ, the creator and preserver of faith, also preserves and nourishes our moral life. This He does chiefly by the ministry of His Church. To Her, in His wise and merciful counsel, He has entrusted certain agencies which engender the supernatural life, protect it, and revive it if it should fail. This generative and conservative power of the virtues that make for salvation is therefore lost, whenever morality is dissociated from divine faith. A system of morality based exclusively on human reason robs man of his highest dignity and lowers him from the supernatural to the merely natural life. Not but that man is able by the right use of reason to know and to obey certain principles of the natural law. But though he should know them all and keep them inviolate through life-and even this is impossible without the aid of the grace of our Redeemer-still it is vain for anyone without faith to promise himself eternal salvation. \"If anyone abide not in Me, he shall be cast forth as a branch, and shall wither, and they shall gather him up and cast him into the fire, and he burneth\" john xv., 6). \"He that believeth not shall be condemned\" (Mark xvi., 16). We have but too much evidence of the value and result of a morality divorced from divine faith. How is it that, in spite of all the zeal for the welfare of the masses, nations are in such straits and even distress, and that the evil is daily on the increase? We are told that society is quite able to help itself; that it can flourish without the assistance of Christianity, and attain its end by its own unaided efforts. Public administrators prefer a purely secular system of government. All traces of the religion of our forefathers are daily disappearing from political life and administration. What blindness! Once the idea of the authority of God as the Judge of right and wrong is forgotten, law must necessarily lose its primary authority and justice must perish: and these are the two most powerful and most necessary bonds of society. Similarly, once the hope and expectation of eternal happiness is taken away, temporal goods will be greedily sought after. Every man will strive to secure the largest share for himself. Hence arise envy, jealousy, hatred. The consequences are conspiracy, anarchy, nihilism. There is neither peace abroad nor security at home. Public life is stained with crime.\nAlthough the sequence of passages from Pope Pius XI's Ubi Arcano Dei Consilio, December 22, 1922, have been printed in numerous articles on this site, even I forget which articles contain what passages. I can imagine that readers can forget as well. These passages, however, are always useful to reprint when naturalists talk endlessly about \"peace\" and \"peace plans\" and do the adversary's bidding by making it appear as though men can \"build for peace\" absent a due submission to the true Church:\nIf we stop to reflect for a moment that these ideals and doctrines of Jesus Christ, for example, his teachings on the necessity and value of the spiritual life, on the dignity and sanctity of human life, on the duty of obedience, on the divine basis of human government, on the sacramental character of matrimony and by consequence the sanctity of family life -- if we stop to reflect, let Us repeat, that these ideals and doctrines of Christ (which are in fact but a portion of the treasury of truth which He left to mankind) were confided by Him to His Church and to her alone for safekeeping, and that He has promised that His aid will never fail her at any time for she is the infallible teacher of His doctrines in every century and before all nations, there is no one who cannot clearly see what a singularly important role the Catholic Church is able to play, and is even called upon to assume, in providing a remedy for the ills which afflict the world today and in leading mankind toward a universal peace.\nBecause the Church is by divine institution the sole depository and interpreter of the ideals and teachings of Christ, she alone possesses in any complete and true sense the power effectively to combat that materialistic philosophy which has already done and, still threatens, such tremendous harm to the home and to the state. The Church alone can introduce into society and maintain therein the prestige of a true, sound spiritualism, the spiritualism of Christianity which both from the point of view of truth and of its practical value is quite superior to any exclusively philosophical theory. The Church is the teacher and an example of world good-will, for she is able to inculcate and develop in mankind the \"true spirit of brotherly love\" (St. Augustine, De Moribus Ecclesiae Catholicae, i, 30) and by raising the public estimation of the value and dignity of the individual's soul help thereby to lift us even unto God.\nFinally, the Church is able to set both public and private life on the road to righteousness by demanding that everything and all men become obedient to God \"Who beholdeth the heart,\" to His commands, to His laws, to His sanctions. If the teachings of the Church could only penetrate in some such manner as We have described the inner recesses of the consciences of mankind, be they rulers or be they subjects, all eventually would be so apprised of their personal and civic duties and their mutual responsibilities that in a short time \"Christ would be all, and in all.\" (Colossians iii, 11)\nSince the Church is the safe and sure guide to conscience, for to her safe-keeping alone there has been confided the doctrines and the promise of the assistance of Christ, she is able not only to bring about at the present hour a peace that is truly the peace of Christ, but can, better than any other agency which We know of, contribute greatly to the securing of the same peace for the future, to the making impossible of war in the future. For the Church teaches (she alone has been given by God the mandate and the right to teach with authority) that not only our acts as individuals but also as groups and as nations must conform to the eternal law of God. In fact, it is much more important that the acts of a nation follow God's law, since on the nation rests a much greater responsibility for the consequences of its acts than on the individual.\nWhen, therefore, governments and nations follow in all their activities, whether they be national or international, the dictates of conscience grounded in the teachings, precepts, and example of Jesus Christ, and which are binding on each and every individual, then only can we have faith in one another's word and trust in the peaceful solution of the difficulties and controversies which may grow out of differences in point of view or from clash of interests. An attempt in this direction has already and is now being made; its results, however, are almost negligible and, especially so, as far as they can be said to affect those major questions which divide seriously and serve to arouse nations one against the other. No merely human institution of today can be as successful in devising a set of international laws which will be in harmony with world conditions as the Middle Ages were in the possession of that true League of Nations, Christianity. It cannot be denied that in the Middle Ages this law was often violated; still it always existed as an ideal, according to which one might judge the acts of nations, and a beacon light calling those who had lost their way back to the safe road.\nThere exists an institution able to safeguard the sanctity of the law of nations. This institution is a part of every nation; at the same time it is above all nations. She enjoys, too, the highest authority, the fullness of the teaching power of the Apostles. Such an institution is the Church of Christ. She alone is adapted to do this great work, for she is not only divinely commissioned to lead mankind, but moreover, because of her very make-up and the constitution which she possesses, by reason of her age-old traditions and her great prestige, which has not been lessened but has been greatly increased since the close of the War, cannot but succeed in such a venture where others assuredly will fail.\nIt is apparent from these considerations that true peace, the peace of Christ, is impossible unless we are willing and ready to accept the fundamental principles of Christianity, unless we are willing to observe the teachings and obey the law of Christ, both in public and private life. If this were done, then society being placed at last on a sound foundation, the Church would be able, in the exercise of its divinely given ministry and by means of the teaching authority which results therefrom, to protect all the rights of God over men and nations.\nIt is possible to sum up all We have said in one word, \"the Kingdom of Christ.\" For Jesus Christ reigns over the minds of individuals by His teachings, in their hearts by His love, in each one's life by the living according to His law and the imitating of His example. Jesus reigns over the family when it, modeled after the holy ideals of the sacrament of matrimony instituted by Christ, maintains unspotted its true character of sanctuary. In such a sanctuary of love, parental authority is fashioned after the authority of God, the Father, from Whom, as a matter of fact, it originates and after which even it is named. (Ephesians iii, 15) The obedience of the children imitates that of the Divine Child of Nazareth, and the whole family life is inspired by the sacred ideals of the Holy Family. Finally, Jesus Christ reigns over society when men recognize and reverence the sovereignty of Christ, when they accept the divine origin and control over all social forces, a recognition which is the basis of the right to command for those in authority and of the duty to obey for those who are subjects, a duty which cannot but ennoble all who live up to its demands. Christ reigns where the position in society which He Himself has assigned to His Church is recognized, for He bestowed on the Church the status and the constitution of a society which, by reason of the perfect ends which it is called upon to attain, must be held to be supreme in its own sphere; He also made her the depository and interpreter of His divine teachings, and, by consequence, the teacher and guide of every other society whatsoever, not of course in the sense that she should abstract in the least from their authority, each in its own sphere supreme, but that she should really perfect their authority, just as divine grace perfects human nature, and should give to them the assistance necessary for men to attain their true final end, eternal happiness, and by that very fact make them the more deserving and certain promoters of their happiness here below.\nIt is, therefore, a fact which cannot be questioned that the true peace of Christ can only exist in the Kingdom of Christ -- \"the peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ.\" It is no less unquestionable that, in doing all we can to bring about the re-establishment of Christ's kingdom, we will be working most effectively toward a lasting world peace.\nNo Republican naturalist and no Democrat naturalist believes this to be so. Why should they? Conciliar \"pontiffs\" have spoken endlessly about the ability of \"inter-religious dialogue\" and international organizations to produce \"world peace.\" No conciliar \"pontiff\" has exhorted men and their nations to convert with urgency to the Social Reign of Christ the King, thus leaving the naturalists to hatch their endless plans that are just variations of the same semi-Pelagian theme over and over and over again as the bombs fly and the innocent die.\nOur Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ Himself has sent us His own Most Blessed Mother to teach us that the path to world peace runs through her Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart. She explained this Jacinta and Francisco Marto and their cousin Lucia dos Santos in the Cova da Iria near Fatima, Portugal, ninety-two years ago this year. We must do all we can to fulfill Our Lady's Fatima Message in our own lives, especially by praying as many Rosaries each day as our states-in-life permit and by observing the conditions of the Five First Saturday devotions. We may not see the fruit of all this with our own eyes. We must, however, continue to remain steadfast in our fidelity to the true Faith in the Catholic catacombs without making any concessions to conciliarism or its wolves that masquerade as shepherds.\nAs noted before, peace in the world is the result of individual souls being at peace with God by having His own inner life dwelling within our souls by means of Sanctifying Grace. The price of the purchase of that grace was the shedding of every single drop of the Divine Redeemer's Most Precious Blood on the wood of the Holy Cross and the Seven Swords of Sorrow that were thrust through and through the Immaculate Heart of His Most Blessed Mother. All men need to do is seek out this grace with a spirit of true contrition for their sins and a firm purpose of amendment of their lives as they give acts of thanksgiving to the Blessed Trinity for the great gift of the true Faith that makes it possible for them to scale the heights of sanctity and to live in true peace, that of eternity, with all others, forgiving injuries right readily and seeking justice when it is necessary to do so without malice and in a spirit of perfect equity and proportionality.\nThe saint we commemorate today, Saint Hilary of Poitiers, would find the naturalism of Hillary Rodham Clinton to be odious. Saint Hilary of Poitiers worked hard in the Fourth Century to combat Arianism in France, which is why he is called the Athanasius of the West, fighting also against the Gallican spirit that was condemned fourteen centuries later by Pope Pius VI in Auctorem Fidei, August 28, 1794. May Saint Hilary help us overcome the naturalism of the world and the Modernism of the counterfeit church of conciliarism as we remain steadfast in defense of the truths of Catholicism as the one and only foundation of personal and social order.\nLet us continue to use the path to personal and world peace that is the Immaculate Heart of Mary, out of which her Divine Son's Most Sacred Heart was formed, a Sacred Heart from which we are called to drink fountains of Divine mercy as we seek to view all people and all things and all events at all times and in all of the circumstances of our lives through the eyes of the true Faith, the only means of human salvation and thus the only means of personal and social order.\nViva Cristo Rey!\nSaint Hilary of Poitiers, pray for us.\nIsn't it time to pray a Rosary now?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line257567"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5552724003791809,"wiki_prob":0.4447275996208191,"text":"Karmanos Cancer Institute to host author at Health Equity Book Club discussion December 16\nKarmanos Cancer Institute|News|Karmanos Cancer Institute to host author at Health Equity Book Club discussion December 16\nDamon Tweedy will present on his book \"Black Man in a White Coat: A Doctor's Reflections on Race and Medicine\"\nThe Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute invites health care professionals, including trainees and students, as well as community members to participate in the fourth installment of its Health Equity Book Club from 4-5:30 p.m. Thursday, December 16. At this quarter's conversation, Karmanos will welcome Damon Tweedy, M.D. Dr. Tweedy is the author of the book to be discussed, \"Black Man in a White Coat: A Doctor's Reflections on Race and Medicine.”\nParticipants can register at www.karmanos.org/bookclub.\nCreated by Michael Simon, M.D., MPH, co-leader of the Breast Cancer Multidisciplinary Team, the purpose of the Health Equity Book Club is to enhance awareness of systematic racism, inequality and misinformation within the medical community. This is achieved through research and reading, followed by honest and transparent conversations about difficult topics.\nAt the December 16 event, Dr. Tweedy will speak about his book for the first portion of the meeting. Following his presentation, Isaac J. Powell, M.D. member of the genitourinary multidisciplinary team and professor in the department of urology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute and Taylor Barrow, second-Year Medical Student, Wayne State University School of Medicine will provide local perspectives. The event will conclude with a Q&A session.\nAbout Dr. Tweedy\nDr. Damon Tweedy is the author of the New York Times bestseller “Black Man in a White Coat,” selected by TIME magazine as one of the Top 10 Non-Fiction books of 2015. He has published articles about race and medicine in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and other medical journals. His columns and op-eds have appeared in the New York Times, Washington Post and various other print publications.\nDr. Damon Tweedy travels frequently to speak to physicians and clinicians, health care companies, medical schools and teaching hospitals and other organizations involved in health and wellness, about the impact of race on the medical profession at all levels. He is a graduate of Duke University School of Medicine and Yale Law School. He completed both his medical internship and psychiatry residency at Duke Hospital. He is currently an associate professor of psychiatry at Duke University School of Medicine and a staff psychiatrist at the Durham Veteran Affairs Health Care System.\nAbout the Karmanos Cancer Institute Health Equity Book Club\nThe Karmanos Cancer Institute Health Equity Book Club's mission is to build awareness across the Karmanos Community and amongst health care professionals of issues related to and stemming from systematic racism in the health care system and society in the United States. By revealing the contributing factors and results of racism, we seek to highlight an important goal for us as a cancer institute: to expose and better understand the impact of racism on our practice of medicine. We believe that open dialogue within our community of colleagues, patients and families will help to facilitate Karmanos Cancer Institute's goal of equal access and provision of culturally competent, quality care to all patients and their families regardless of race, ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation.\nRelated Blogs/News\nThroat Cancer: The HPV-related Cancer That Affects More Men Than Women\nPreventing Cervical Cancer: Gynecologic Oncologist Explains Why Pap Tests Are Important","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1196236"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5707324743270874,"wiki_prob":0.5707324743270874,"text":"Recording Memories: Meet EveryStep Hospice Volunteer Bob Leonard\nIf you ask an EveryStep Hospice volunteer what the biggest misconception is about hospice care, they’ll usually answer that most people don’t understand exactly what hospice is. Bob Leonard was among that group until about 15 years ago, when he interviewed a hospice volunteer on his KNIA/KRLA (Knoxville/Pella/Indianola) radio show.\n“Not knowing much about hospice, I was worried that it would be a boring and sad interview,” says Bob. “But it wasn’t. She taught me that hospice was about life as much as death. Most importantly, I learned enough about hospice to help my mom and dad, and an aunt.”\nIt also led Bob to become actively involved in hospice volunteer work.\nFor the last 11 years, Bob has visited EveryStep Hospice patients to ask questions about their lives and digitally record their answers. These “life reviews” are then provided to the patients’ families. “I always hope that each person I talk with shares not only some stories from their life, but also leaves a precious gift or two in words for those they will leave behind,” says Bob. It also provides loved ones with a recording of their loved one’s voice.\nOnce Bob ran into the daughter of a man whose stories he had spent time recording. “She told me, ‘we took that recording you made with Dad, and put it in the side room of the funeral home with all his photos and memorabilia, and put it on loop, and it was just like he was there with us, like he wasn’t gone, hearing him laugh and talk with you, it was wonderful. Wasn’t like a funeral at all, and everyone had a good time just hearing his voice, his stories, and it was more like a party than a funeral, and he would have just loved it, so thank you.’”\nBob’s volunteer work also extended to serving on the advisory board for the EveryStep Hospice team (then HCI Care Services) in Knoxville. He remembers telling his mother about his position on the board; he recalls the conversation went something like this:\nWhen I told her I was on the [EveryStep] board, she asked me, \"What do you do?\"\nI replied, \"Well, we meet for lunch once a month, and talk about stuff.\"\n\"No,\" she said. \"What do you do?\"\n\"Well, I replied. \"We eat, and discuss budgets and events and stuff.\"\n\"NO,\" she said, \"What do YOU do?\"\n\"Oh,\" I replied, \"I go around and visit patients and record their stories for their families.\"\n\"Good,\" she said. \"Why didn't you just tell me that?\"\n“Her point was to be an active board member,” says Bob. “In mom’s 50 years of volunteering she had seen plenty of board members who only ‘met for lunch.’\" Bob encourages everyone that is interested in volunteering for EveryStep to do so. “We all have different talents and interests, and we need to ask ourselves, ‘how can I use my talents and interests to help the organization?’ If you are like me, you will get lots more out of it than you give.”\nTo learn about hospice volunteering opportunities, please visit www.everystep.org/volunteer; go to “programs” and click on “hospice.”\nTo read a recent piece written by Bob and published by the Des Moines Register, click here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1837615"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6768642067909241,"wiki_prob":0.3231357932090759,"text":"City of Summerside » Official Documents and Data » Community Profiles » Present\nSummerside Today\nSummerside is PEI’s second largest City and the principal municipality for the western part of the province. The City, according to the 2016 Census, has a population of nearly 15,000.\nOur labour force is made up of roughly 7,600 people and is distributed amongst 16 industries.\nMost of Summerside’s employment is in year-round industries, including:\nRetail (14%)\nManufacturing (12%)\nHealth and social services (11%)\nGovernment (10%)\nAccommodation, food, and beverage (10%)\nThe largest employer in the City is the Summerside Tax Centre. Slemon Park (formerly CFB Summerside) houses a number of other major employers, including StandardAero and Honeywell. Cavendish Farms, located in the outlying community of New Annan, is PEI’s largest private sector employer.\nEight councilors and a mayor govern the City’s geographic areas (called wards). The current mayor is Basil L. Stewart. Our City is protected by the Summerside Police Department, the Summerside Fire Department, and the East Prince Detachment of the RCMP.\nSummerside has eight excellent schools, including:\nFour elementary schools\nTwo junior high schools\nOne senior high school\nOne French school\nWe have a large Holland College presence in Summerside, which includes the following facilities:\nEast Prince Centre\nAerospace Centre\nMarine Training Centre\nAtlantic Police Academy\nMotive Power Centre\nWe’re also home to the College of Piping and Celtic Performing Arts.\nIn 2007, the City signed a 20-year agreement with a private wind energy company in West Cape to supply Summerside with 23% of its electricity needs. Construction started in 2009 to build our own wind turbines to tie those to our electric utility. We now own and operate our own wind farm, which, on the average day, provides us with about 25% of our City’s energy. The City is also a large supporter of electric vehicles. We have more charging stations for electric cars per capita than any other Canadian city.\nSummerside’s Prince County Hospital is the main referral hospital in western PEI. Island EMS (Emergency Medical Services) has a base in the downtown area of the City from which it operates two Advanced Life Support ambulances 24/7.\nEntertainment/Attractions\nCredit Union Place (CUP) brings numerous musical and sporting events to the City each year. The largest indoor sports facility in the province, CUP has a swimming pool, bowling alley, ice surfaces, and much more. Other attractions in Summerside include the Silver Fox Curling & Yacht Club, Spinnaker’s Landing, the Summerside Golf and Country Club, the Harbourfront Theatre, and various arts and cultural attractions.\nTourism Summerside works throughout the year to market Summerside as a four-season tourism destination. The Green’s Shore Park area attracts skiiers and skaters in the winter months. The Curling Club and hockey arena are also popular for winter sports. In the summertime, visitors love our historic attractions, Green’s Shore Beach, walking trails, parks, the Baywalk Boardwalk, and the natural beauty of the City. Many visit the City to explore their family history at the MacNaught History Centre and Archives.\nSince the closure of CBF Summerside in 1990, the City has been aggressively seeking new ways to attract businesses to the area. Our Economic Development Office has created a number of programs to encourage companies to invest in the City. Thanks to these efforts, we’ve become a destination for Aerospace companies, Health IT organizations, Bio-tech businesses, and more.\nThe City of Summerside is steeped in history and heritage. Our preserved heritage homes, museums, cultural centres, and exhibits all demonstrate that our history will always be part of our present and our future.\nFor more information about our City, contact:\nRob Philpott\nrob.philpott@city.summerside.pe.ca\nRelated External Links\nTourism PEI Summerside","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1348052"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7854216694831848,"wiki_prob":0.7854216694831848,"text":"Coastwatch Currents\nMeet the 2016 NCSG/WRRI Graduate Student Fellows\nOctober 10, 2016 | Janna Sasser\nCasey Lindberg from Duke University will study the impacts of multiple environmental stressors on fish populations native to estuaries along the East Coast. Photo courtesy Casey Lindberg.\nFive recipients of graduate research fellowships, awarded by North Carolina Sea Grant and the Water Resources Research Institute of the University of North Carolina system, will explore current water resources and coastal issues in North Carolina.\nResearch topics range from the prevalence of E. coli in North Carolina’s agricultural watersheds, to innovative nanotechnology research for filtering brackish groundwater.\nThe 2016 student recipients are from Duke University, East Carolina University, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.\n“This set of projects exemplifies the diversity of topics available to students through the joint Sea Grant and WRRI fellowship, allowing both organizations to expand into new areas of research,” notes John Fear, Sea Grant deputy director.\nRegina Bledsoe is a doctoral student in ECU’s interdisciplinary doctoral program in biological sciences, where her advisor is Ariane Peralta.\nRegina Bledsoe\nBledsoe will study a newly constructed stormwater wetland on the university’s campus, designed in part by project collaborator Eban Bean, on faculty at East Carolina and NC State, and recently appointed to faculty at the University of Florida.\n“The fellowship gives me an opportunity to test hypotheses generated from previous studies in an applied context, where hydrological manipulation is a management strategy,” Bledsoe explains. Hydrological manipulation involves a strategic regime of saturating and drying wetland soils to examine potential tradeoffs in water and air pollution.\nThe study builds off previous work in restored wetlands by Peralta in 2013. By conducting her project in an urban setting, Bledsoe will address gaps in previous research and determine management strategies for enhancing wetland function. This would include improving urban water quality and decreasing negative side effects, such as greenhouse gas production.\nBledsoe is from Theriot, Louisiana. She received her bachelor’s degree in environmental science from Nicholls State University in Louisiana. She also is the recipient of a National Science Foundation 2016 Graduate Research Fellowship.\nElizabeth Christenson, a doctoral student in applied microbiology at the UNC-Chapel Hill’s Gillings School of Public Health, will study the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant, virulent E. coli in North Carolina’s agricultural watersheds. Her advisor is Jill Stewart.\nElizabeth Christenson\n“Testing surface water for fecal indicator bacteria, such as E. coli, is commonly used to identify fecal pollution and human pathogen exposure,” Christenson explains. Using water samples from agricultural watersheds with and without large swine-feeding operations, she will test for differences in the number of pathogenic and antibiotic resistant E. coli present.\nMicrobial source tracking, a recently developed technique that enables researchers to determine the host source of fecal contamination using a “gene marker,” will identify where E. coli originate.\n“I’m also incorporating spatial analysis to identify whether land-use characteristics, such as wetlands and vegetative river buffers, may help mitigate effects of runoff from swine operations on nearby water bodies,” Christenson adds.\nOriginally from Wisconsin, Christenson grew up in Charlotte, North Carolina. She received a bachelor’s degree in environmental science and a master’s degree in environmental sciences and engineering from UNC-Chapel Hill. She is a recipient of a 2016 North Carolina Impact Award by The Graduate School at UNC-Chapel Hill for developing a spatial database of industrial hog farm sprayfields in Duplin County.\nJack Kurki-Fox is a doctoral student in biological and agricultural engineering at NC State, where his advisor is Michael Burchell.\nJack Kurki-Fox\nHe will test an innovative lab-scale model of nutrient removal for restored wetlands — previously developed by Burchell and department members as a jointly-funded Sea Grant and WRRI project — to demonstrate water-quality and ecosystem benefits at a field scale.\nTo test the model, agricultural drainage water will be rerouted by pumping it to a large restored wetland in Hyde County. Water quality will be monitored across the wetland to determine how efficiently the restored wetland removes nutrients.\n“Results of this project hopefully can be used to guide further large-scale wetland restoration projects on former agricultural lands, and encourage wetland restoration as a water management strategy in coastal agricultural areas,” Kurki-Fox notes.\nFox grew up in Ashland, Wisconsin. He holds master’s and bachelor’s degrees in civil engineering from the University of Florida. He also is the recipient of a 2016 William H. and Glenda N. Johnson Graduate Engineering Fellowship, administered by the Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering at NC State.\nCasey Lindberg is a doctoral student in Duke’s integrated toxicology and environmental health program, part of the Nicholas School of the Environment. Her advisor is Richard Di Giulio.\nCasey Lindberg\nUsing wild-caught populations of Atlantic killifish, Lindberg will study the impacts of multiple environmental stressors on fish populations native to estuaries along the East Coast.\nAtlantic killifish are small, nonmigratory fish commonly found in estuarine systems along the Eastern Seaboard. Subpopulations of these fish have evolved to become resistant to toxic waters caused by certain chemical pollutants found in contaminated ecosystems, including the Cape Fear River system, Lindberg notes.\n“My research aims to understand how co-exposures to hypoxia, a condition characterized by oxygen-deficient waters, and a class of chemical pollutants known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHS, impact the development and health of local fish species,” she explains, “and how evolved resistance to one stressor may influence tolerance to a secondary stressor, like hypoxia.”\nThe work may be used to identify population-level responses to both stressors, and model ecological risks across several regions of the United States.\nOriginally from Maryland, Lindberg received her bachelor’s degree in marine science with a concentration in chemical oceanography from the University of South Carolina.\nJames Peerless is a doctoral student in materials science and engineering at NC State. His advisor is Yaroslava Yingling.\nJames Peerless\nPeerless will study a novel technology to filter and desalinate brackish groundwater. “I’m investigating a new filtration method that potentially will remove harmful contaminants from salt water, and produce safe drinking water for North Carolina coastal communities,” Peerless says.\nThe design involves combining activated carbon with functionalized nanoparticles. These particles measure 1 to 100 nanometers in size — for comparison, a human hair is 80,000 to 100,000 nanometers wide. Nanotechnology research is a quickly growing field. Improved water-purification methods currently are being sought for next-generation filtration designs.\n“Our design uses one of the most promising nanomaterials investigated for selective absorption of water contaminants — functionalized inorganic nanoparticles, or INPs,” Peerless explains. INPs have been heavily studied in water purification for their antimicrobial, or disease-inhibiting, properties, as well as their ability to remove heavy metals from wastewater.\nUsing computer simulations, Peerless will design and optimize the model to potentially inform future fabrication and implementation. “We have a unique opportunity to investigate an economic and technological bottleneck in clean water production crucial to the environmental and economic stability of North Carolina,” he notes.\nPeerless is a native of Granby, Connecticut. He received his bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Northeastern University in Boston.\nFor more information on North Carolina Sea Grant funding opportunities and fellowships, visit ncseagrant.ncsu.edu/funding-opps/.\n« Preparing for Hazardous Weather: After a Flood\nForecasting Hypoxia, Algal Blooms for the Neuse River Estuary »","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1723294"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5181862711906433,"wiki_prob":0.4818137288093567,"text":"Vital City Challenge\nCity of Fuenalabrada\nFUENLABRADA: A young city, with sports and eldery as their friend.\nParticipation is the common thread of a city built in the last 40 years with the collaboration of several generations.\nFuenlabrada is an example of success. Success is the only way to understand the history of a city that has grown from just 7,000 inhabitants to over 200,000 in 50 years, in an orderly and cohesive manner.\nThere is a fundamental secret behind this succes. Citizen participation has become a common thread through the different generations of the community. This has helped to build the identity of the citizens of Fuenlabrada, the city’s main heritage.\nThe Vital Cities Challenge is an excellent opportunity to promote sports and healthy leisure, and encouraging participation in the city life as well. The Vital Cities Challenge also contributes to uniting different generations in the city of Fuenlabrada through active cooperation between the young and elderly citizens.\nCity of Trnava\nTRNAVA: Trnava offers sport opportunities for every age group. Recreational sports such as cycling, walking, running, swimming, athletics and collective games like volleyball, football and basketball are becoming increasingly popular.\nThe City of Trnava has six sport facilities, four sport halls and stadiums, three multifunctional playgrounds and three swimming pools besides the commercial ones. You can also visit multifunctional playgrounds in primary schools which are open in the summer all day long and during the school year in the evenings and over the weekends. The townhall is currently modernizing the Slavia Sport Complex and building new running tracks. Every year we add several kilometers to the network of bike lanes. We also conduct the bike sharing for the citizens.\nWe care about the public health and we do our best to provide wide range of activities and meaningful use of leisure time in the city. It is worth mentioning that Trnava received the prestigious award of the European City of Sport in 2020.\nCity of Sofia\nSOFIA: City in the mountains and mountain in the city\nGreen, modern and active\nThe city of Sofia, as the capital of Bulgaria, is ancient, fast growing and developing for the needs of its nearly 1.3 million inhabitants. Also like every modern EU capital Sofia is following the tendention of being a greener, attractive, and innovative destination for the guests of the city. In matters of sport and healthy lifestyle the local authorities are developing the brand \"Sofia - European capital of sport\" for the last 7 years and following the success of the campaign ahead of the city is the candidacy for World Capital of Sport 2024. The percentage of active citizens in Sofia is increasing on a monthly basis and that is why there is much and much more \"thirst\" for sport activities and a healthier-eco-friendly lifestyle. Following that tendention the VCC project can be naturally implemented, as a platform which can be very accessible and helpful for a variety of society layers - young, middle aged, elderly and basically to everyone. Looking forward to seeing the Virtual city challenge in action!\nCity of Emmen\nEMMEN: Did you know that a lot of happy people live in the municipality of Emmen? From all big municipalities in the Netherlands the inhabitants of Emmen belong to the top 3 happiest inhabitants in Holland. Emmen is the biggest municipality in the province Drenthe. Drenthe is in the north east of Holland. Emmen gives inhabitants a high quality of life. It is a safe, friendly, and green municipality where a lot of events are organized. From the 107.000 inhabitants of Emmen, 1500 are students. In the region a lot of educational institutions.\nThe city of Emmen has all services you need, like a big indoor shopping center, a hospital, educational institutions, a cinema, an Atlas theatre, and elite sports clubs, like FC Emmen (the paid football organization). Also, Emmen has the most beautiful zoo in the Netherlands, called Wildlands. You can also stay fit in Emmen at one of our 110 sport associations. You can enjoy the nature of Bargerveen and art and culture in the Rensenpark.\nIn the region of Emmen contains 7.800 companies. Emmen is the largest industry center of North-Holland. A lot of green energy innovations are taking place here. In addition to that Emmen has a strong service sector and offers employment in the field of High-tech systems & materials, logistics, chemistry, Agrofood, and horticulture.\nACES europe\nACES Europe is a non-profit association based in Brussels which assigns every year the recognitions of World Capital, European Capital, Region, City, Island, Community and Town of Sport. The allocation of these recognitions is done by ACES Europe, according to the principles of responsibility and ethics, being aware that sport is a factor of aggregation of the society, improvement in the quality of life, psycho-physical well-being and complete integration within social classes in the community. ACES Europe awards the European Capital of Sport title, an initiative that has received the recognition of the European Commission in the White Paper (Art. 50). In addition, ACES Europe is an official partner of the European Commission in the European Week of Sport.\nuniversity of bruxelles\nThe Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) is based in the city of Brussels, the capital of Europe. The University was founded in 1834 as an offshoot of the French-speaking Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). The Dutch-speaking University was finally split off from its French-speaking counterpart in 1969. The Vrije Universiteit Brussel is a dynamic and modern University with two parkland campuses in the Brussels Capital Region: the main campus in Etterbeek is home to seven faculties. In Jette you can find the medical campus and the University Hospital. VUB offers quality education to more than 9000 students. Add to that the almost 4500 students of our partner, the Erasmus Hogeschool Brussels; the 400 students at the English-speaking Vesalius College; the 5000 students at the Centre for Adult Education with whom VUB shares campuses and the more than 150 research teams working on both campuses, and you get one of the biggest centers of knowledge in the capital of Europe. Internationalisation is one of the top priorities in the VUB strategic plan, exemplified by the establishment of the International Relations and Mobility Office (IRMO) in 2004. Thanks to its expertise and strategic location, the Vrije Universiteit Brussel is an ideal partner for prestigious research and education with an outlook on Europe and the world.\ninnosportlab\nInnoSportLab Sport & Beweeg is a non-profit innovation Centre, based in Eindhoven. InnoSportLab Sport & Beweeg innovates to make sports, games and exercise self-evident for everyone. InnoSportLab strives for innovations that lead to social and economic impact, is a national sports innovator center and an active partner in the Brain port innovation cluster Sports & Technology. Together with end users, companies, municipalities and knowledge institutions, we develop new products, services and methods that contribute to making effective sports and exercise stimulation possible.\nkinetic Analysis\nKinetic Analysis® is lead partner of the Vital Cities Challenge project. They are specialized in human motion data and capturing data using next-generation sensors and customized measurement tools, resulting in highly accurate input that is improving peoples' lives. It is quantifying the human body motion with scientific accuracy. This data leads to the development of innovative products and services that revolutionize the way we live.\nVital Cities Challenge aims to build a healthier and happier lifestyle\nPlease check our Privacy Statement here.\nThe Vital Cities Challenge aims at the well-being of its members using online and offline activities that engage people of all ages.\n© VCC 2021 Vital Cities Challenge","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1505793"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8965734839439392,"wiki_prob":0.8965734839439392,"text":"Catching a Killer exposes the mind of an abuser for the first time - and you need to watch\nCatching a Killer follows the murder investigation into Natalie Hemming - Pro Co. Channel 4 images must not be altered or manipulated in any way. This picture may be used sol\nIt isn’t easy to leave a manipulative man. It’s a simple thing to say but the harsh reality is exposed in a groundbreaking documentary made for Channel 4, Catching a Killer, which follows a real-life murder investigation. The victim, 31-year-old Natalie Hemming, was killed last year by her ex-partner when she finally made up her mind to leave him after enduring years of abuse.\n‘Cold and calculating,’ 42-year-old Paul Hemming then tried to persuade detectives that someone else was responsible for her disappearance. The murder inquiry began with a call to Thames Valley police from Natalie’s distraught mother, Margaret. Her daughter had disappeared after her first date with a new man, which she had tried to keep secret from her former partner. From the outset, Natalie’s mother feared that Paul Hemming was responsible.\nDetectives took the unusual step of allowing a documentary-maker, Anna Hall, to film their inquiry. The 90-minute film, which airs tonight, is a rare opportunity to see how an unrepentant abuser operates.\nThis is believed to be the first time that a murder investigation has been filmed from start to finish\nUnder questioning, Hemming uses exactly the same techniques – dishonesty and tears – that he used on women. He lies from the moment he is woken up by police officers investigating Natalie’s disappearance, even refusing to hand over his mobile phone in case his former partner – who is in reality already dead – should call him.\nWhen he’s arrested the following day, he wipes away tears and comes up with a story Natalie has gone away because she was raped by another man. According to Hemming, they were on good terms when she left the house and had agreed to ‘start afresh’.\nNot a word of it is true, but Natalie’s mother and sister go through hell before her body is found in a wood in Hertfordshire three weeks later.\nEven then, Hemming does not confess. On the first day of his trial, he changes his story, admitting manslaughter and claiming that he 'accidentally' killed Natalie by throwing a jade egg at her head during a row. The jury aren’t taken in and convict him of murder. He’s currently serving life with a recommendation that he should be locked up for a minimum of 20 years.\nPaul and Natalie Credit: Production Company\nThis is believed to be the first time that a murder investigation has been filmed from start to finish.\nHome Office figures show that two women are killed by a current or former partner every week. What is going on is sometimes known by family members - Natalie’s sister Jo tried on many occasions to persuade her to leave Hemming – but less often to the authorities.\nResearch carried out in London by the Mayor’s Office for Policing and Crime suggests that most victims of domestic homicide are not previously known to the police, suggesting either that they keep hoping for the best – or don’t know what help is available.\nThat’s one of many reasons why the documentary is so important, showing the determination of Thames Valley Police, led by Superintendent Simon Steel, to gather the evidence they need to convict Hemming. While it is true that some police forces are more effective than others, the film confirms that official attitudes to domestic violence have changed out of all recognition in recent years.\nNatalie’s story is familiar, but no less tragic and compelling for that.\nNow viewers can see for themselves the techniques used by an accomplished liar and abuser\nShe was a 21-year-old single mother, struggling with post-natal depression, when she met Hemming. He was 11 years older and already on file for violently assaulting a previous girlfriend. But men like Hemming target vulnerable women and he swept Natalie off her feet, presenting her with a £2,500 engagement ring.\nThey never married but went on two have two children together, despite escalating violence on Hemming’s part. On one occasion, he injured her so badly that she had to go to A&E and gave a statement to police. Hemming bombarded her with tears and promises that he would change, and Natalie eventually withdrew her complaint.\nWhen a woman is murdered by a partner, outsiders often ask why she didn’t leave him years ago. Now viewers can see for themselves the techniques used by an accomplished liar and abuser, offering unusual insights into the mentality of such men. Last year, Radio 4 soap The Archers was praised for a plotline depicting domestic abuse in real time. This film is the next logical step in our education.\nWomen are most at risk when they finally find the courage to leave – something that murder detectives know all too well. The general public doesn’t, and that’s why documentaries like this one perform an important public service.\nAbout | Domestic violence\nJason Bateman says his career suffered because he 'stayed at the party too long'\nJason Bateman says his career suffered because he 'stayed at the party too long' until he landed roles in 'Arrested Development' and 'Juno'.\nRose Inc's Luminous Tinted Serum Is Basically a Ring Light in a Bottle\nLike a lot of people during these continued periods of working from home, I've reached for lightweight, more glowy complexion products - focusing on hydration over coverage. That's why I couldn't wait to try the new Rose Inc Skin Enhance Luminous Tinted Serum (£36).\nShowcasing a land of culture and colour: the Indian Pavilion at Dubai's World Expo\nIn this edition of Postcards we explore the India Pavilion at Expo 2020 in Dubai.View on euronews\nSlow Ibiza: A guide to the island's most relaxing hotels, restaurants and hotspots\nThe style crowd now flock to Ibiza for health as well as hedonism. Enjoy island's calmer side with our guide\nDame Emma Thompson SLAMS plastic surgery\n'Cruella' star Dame Emma Thompson has hit out at the idea of plastic surgery and described going under the knife as \"a form of collective psychosis\".\nEvidence is mounting that Tobey Maguire will return in Doctor Strange in The Multiverse of Madness\nRumours have been circulating that Tobey Maguire would return for Doctor Strange in The Multiverse of Madness.\nMorrissey asks Johnny Marr to stop using his name as 'click-bait'\nMorrissey has issued a lengthy rant calling for Johnny Marr to stop talking about him to the press.\nThe US Government Will Soon Offer Free N95 Masks\nOn January 19, the US Government announced that it will make 400 million N95 masks available to the public for free. The masks have been sent to thousands of pharmacies and community health centers across the country - including Hy-Vee, Meijer, CVS, Walgreens and Kroger - where you can pick up a maximum of three masks per person.\nRay J responds to Kanye West's claim he made second sex tape with Kim Kardashian\nDuring a recent interview with Hollywood Unlocked, the rapper alluded to the existence of a second tape between his estranged wife Kim and her ex-boyfriend Ray J. He claimed that he obtained a laptop from the singer and it contained unreleased intimate footage of the former couple together.\nCardi B thanks family and friends for support during defamation trial\nCardi B has thanked her lawyers, family and friends for their support during her defamation trial. Earlier in the week, a jury sided with the Grammy winner after she sued YouTuber Tasha K for defamation. Variety reports that the rapper was awarded more than $4 million (£2.9 million) overall, with the internet personality being held liable for additional punitive damages and attorney fees. In a statement shared with People, the WAP hitmaker reflected on the trial and thanked the jury for their fi","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1208325"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7401456236839294,"wiki_prob":0.7401456236839294,"text":"The Cat Breed With The Strongest Bite\nBy Eric Meisfjord/April 27, 2020 11:04 am EST\nIn Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me, we learn that Dr. Evil's Mini-Me would bite. \"He's a biter,\" said Young Number Two, holding up a bandaged right hand. \"He bites.\" Anybody who's ever been bitten by another human being knows it's nothing to sneeze at. (We're talking about biting-to-do-damage, not, well, other kinds of biting.) Researchers generally take the stance that if it can't be measured, it isn't worth knowing. Other researchers will say everything can be measured if you use the right kind of ruler. And so, yes, there are people out there, bless their hearts, who measure things like bite force in various creatures — including human beings.\nAnd humans are not particularly impressive on this particular scale. The Mysterious World reports that the average human bite can deliver about 160 pounds per square inch (psi). Fortunately, we also have things like massive brains and opposable thumbs and neighborhood hardware stores to help even the score.\nBecause, frankly, 160 psi ain't nothin' in the animal kingdom. The National Center for Biotechnology Information has the whole nine yards about how calculations are performed to determine bite force in dogs and cats. Factor in placement and condition of muscles, the state of the teeth, and the animal's motivation — is it mad? — and the numbers start to stack up. Some of those numbers are very impressive indeed.\nSmaller, but mightier\nIt's probably no surprise larger predators in the wild can summon up really significant bites. Taking the first bite out of the food chain would be the Nile crocodile, with a bite force of 5,000 psi. Saltwater crocs weigh in at 3,960 psi. The hippopotamus can muster up 1,850 psi. If we limit comparisons to just cats, the numbers are smaller, but still impressive. Lions are a relatively puny 650 psi. Tigers can summon up 1,050 psi, which doesn't surprise anyone who's watched Tiger King. But if you factor in size, the biggest bite-for-the-buck is delivered by the jaguar: 2,000 psi from a cat that tops out at around 200 pounds for the male. About a third the size of a tiger. About twice the bite strength.\nBBC Wildlife Magazine agrees. According to Adam Hartstone-Rose of the University of South Carolina, \"The strength of the jaguar's bite is due to the arrangement of its jaw muscles, which, relative to weight, are slightly stronger than those of other cats. In addition – also relative to weight – its jaws are slightly shorter, which increases the leverage for biting.\"\nThe National Center for Biotechnology Information has the whole nine yards about how calculations are performed to determine bite force in dogs and cats. Factor in placement and condition of muscles, the state of the teeth, and the animal's motivation. If it's a mad jaguar, make sure your insurance is paid up.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1443492"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9884505271911621,"wiki_prob":0.9884505271911621,"text":"US shutters Russia's San Francisco consulate in retaliation\nBy Associated Press Aug 31, 2017, 12:03pm MDT\nShare All sharing options for: US shutters Russia's San Francisco consulate in retaliation\nFILE - President Donald Trump speaks about tax reform at the Loren Cook Company, Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2017, in Springfield, Mo. In an escalating tit-for-tat, the United States forced Russia on Thursday to shutter its consulate in San Francisco and scale back its diplomatic presence in Washington and New York, as relations between the two former Cold War foes continued to unravel.\nAlex Brandon, Associated Press\nWASHINGTON (AP) — In an escalating tit-for-tat, the United States forced Russia on Thursday to shutter its consulate in San Francisco and scale back its diplomatic presence in Washington and New York, as relations between the two former Cold War foes continued to unravel.\nThe Trump administration said the move constituted its response to the Kremlin's \"unwarranted and detrimental\" decision to force the U.S. to cut its diplomatic staff in Russia. Under the order, Russia must close its San Francisco consulate by Saturday, along with Russia's \"chancery annex\" in Washington and a \"consular annex\" in New York.\n\"The United States is prepared to take further action as necessary and as warranted,\" said State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert. Still, she said the U.S. hoped both countries could now move toward \"improved relations between our two countries and increased cooperation on areas of mutual concern.\"\nEarlier this month, the Kremlin retaliated for stepped-up U.S. sanctions on Russia by announcing the U.S. would have to cut its embassy and consulate staff in Russia by 755 people. During meetings in the Philippines shortly thereafter, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson left open the possibility the U.S., in turn, would retaliate for that move, and promised Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov a formal response by Sept. 1.\nThe U.S. has said as a result, it will stop issuing visas at its consulates in Russia in cities other than Moscow. A senior U.S. official said Thursday that the U.S. reduction of diplomatic staff is complete.\nThere was no immediate reaction from the Russian government. But given the back-and-forth nature of the escalating tensions over the past year, it was likely the Kremlin would feel compelled to respond by taking further action against the U.S.\nNevertheless, the United States argued that the score has been evened, urging Russia not to retaliate for the retaliation. U.S. officials pointed out that Russia, when it ordered the cut in U.S. diplomats, had argued it was merely bringing the size of the two countries' diplomatic presences into \"parity.\"\n\"The United States hopes that, having moved toward the Russian Federation's desire for parity, we can avoid further retaliatory actions by both sides,\" Nauert said.\nNext Up In U.S. & World\nThe early omicron variant symptoms to remember\nAn undersea volcano erupted near Tonga, causing a tsunami advisory for the U.S. West Coast\nHow long you can wear an N95 mask\nThis omicron variant symptom is more common among kids, doctor says","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1130"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6275935769081116,"wiki_prob":0.6275935769081116,"text":"HomeEducationLatest News\nWhat Is the New Alzheimer’s Disease Medication – and Who Should Get It?\nDr. Keith Vossel, Professor of Neurology, and Director of the Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine, was featured in a June 15 UCLA Health article explaining the science behind the newly FDA approved Alzheimer's disease medication, Aduhelm (aducanumab).\nThe New Discovery of Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease\nThe Drug Discovery Lab, under the direction of Professor Varghese John, announced in the May 14, 2020 edition of UCLA Health news the publication in ACS Chemical Biology of their \"... Discovery of a novel class of compounds that function as dual inhibitors of the enzymes neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (nSMase2) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Inhibition of these enzymes provides a unique strategy to suppress the propagation of tau pathology in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).\" In the report, they describe the key structure-activity relationship elements that affect relative nSMase2 and/or AChE inhibitor effects and potency, as well as the identification of two compound analogs that suppress the release of tau-bearing exosomes in vitro and in vivo. Dr. John stated “Identification of these novel dual nSMase2/AChE inhibitors represents a new therapeutic approach to AD and has the potential to lead to the development of truly disease-modifying therapeutics.\" Read more in ACS Chemical Biology.\nMRI may help Doctors differentiate causes of Memory Loss\nDr. Mario Mendez, Professor-in-Residence of Neurology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the Geffen School of Medicine, was featured in an October 23 UCLA Newsroom article about identifying distinct characteristics of dementia caused b brain injury could prevent misdiagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.\nPrimary Care Providers should Screen Seniors for Decline in Memory and Thinking Skills\nDr. Sarah Kremen, Clinical Physician of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Director of Clinical Trials programs at the Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research at UCLA, and Principal Investigator for California’s Alzheimer’s Disease Centers (CADC) at UCLA, was interviewed on June 19, The Alzheimer’s Prevention Registry article about why primary care doctors should evaluate patients for memory and thinking skills.\nExperimental Alzheimer’s Drug Boosts SirT1 Levels and Improves Memory in Mice\nResearchers at the Drug Discovery Lab (DDL) at the Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research at UCLA have recently reported that an experimental drug known as A03, previously developed to treat depression, was found to increase brain levels of an enzyme Sirtuin1, or SirT1, and improve memory after oral treatment in mice genetically modified to have a protein called ApoE4, the most common genetic risk factor for AD. Increasing the levels of SirT1 may delay the buildup of the toxic tau pathology and improve cognition in Alzheimer's. The DDL is conducting additional research on A03 to evaluate its potential for clinical testing in Alzheimer's disease. The lab is also developing similar compounds that might be more effective in increasing SirT1 levels. The study was funded by the National Institute of Health.\nUCLA Newsroom Research Alert - December 20, 2018:\n\"Experimental Alzheimer’s drug boosts SirT1 levels and improves memory in mice.\"\nResearchers Discover Drug that could Combat Brain Cell Death in Those with Alzheimer’s Disease\nAlzheimer's Association® - AAIC 2018 News Highlights\nMolecule halts spread of toxic protein associated with Alzheimer’s.\nDisrupted sleep-wake cycle might be a measure for preclinical Alzheimer’s.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line229064"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.661703884601593,"wiki_prob":0.338296115398407,"text":"European Jungle\nA pick-up carries men hired to fell trees into one of the last areas of...\nA pick-up carries men hired to fell trees into one of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana. Logging companies have been granted permits to remove certain trees from the forest for the Europea...\n© Sven Torfinn/Panos Pictures\nTwo cocoa farmers standing beneath a forest giant growing on their plantation.\nTwo cocoa farmers standing beneath a forest giant growing on their plantation. Bia Tributaries North Forest Reserve is one of the last stretches of rainforest in western Ghana. Logging companies have...\nOne of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana. Logging companies have...\nOne of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana. Logging companies have been granted permits to remove certain trees from the forest for the European market. Despite strict rules, the result is t...\nA truck carries logs from one of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana...\nA truck carries logs from one of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana where logging companies have been granted permits to remove certain trees to be sold on the European market. Despite stri...\nYoung man with chainsaw, hired to fell trees in one of the last areas of...\nYoung man with chainsaw, hired to fell trees in one of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana. Logging companies have been granted permits to remove certain trees from the forest for the Europe...\nThe stump of a felled tree in one of the last areas of rainforest in western...\nThe stump of a felled tree in one of the last areas of rainforest in western Ghana. Logging companies have been granted permits to remove certain trees from the forest for the European market. Despite...\nMajid (22) from Sudan in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\n© Nora Lorek\nA group of refugees from Sudan, Eritrea and Ethiopia eating breakfast during...\nA group of refugees from Sudan, Eritrea and Ethiopia eating breakfast during Ramadan while sitting in the open air mosque in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nPeople from the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp trying to get into vehicles...\nPeople from the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp trying to get into vehicles while they are queuing to gain entry to the port.\nA church built by Ethiopian migrants in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nA bed space in a makeshift shelter, the only two floor structure built in the...\nA bed space in a makeshift shelter, the only two floor structure built in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nA man stands out against the night sky and the ferry port's lights at the...\nA man stands out against the night sky and the ferry port's lights at the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nThe smoldering remains of shelters destroyed by fire at the so-called 'Jungle'...\nThe smoldering remains of shelters destroyed by fire at the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. When the authorities moved to close the camp some of the residents decided to set fire to their makeshift s...\nA man runs from tear gas fired by French police during an operation to close...\nA man runs from tear gas fired by French police during an operation to close down the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nHadi Elya (19) from Pakistan leaps over a stream near the so-called 'Jungle'...\nHadi Elya (19) from Pakistan leaps over a stream near the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. Previously he lived in Austria for eight months but was not able to get a residence permit. After six months...\nA group of men warm themselves around a fire burning in an old tin at the...\nA group of men warm themselves around a fire burning in an old tin at the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nPeople living in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp make their way to the...\nPeople living in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp make their way to the road that leads to the ferry port where they will try to get onto trucks queuing to enter the port.\nIbrahim, a Syrian refugee living in a makeshift shelter in the so-called...\nIbrahim, a Syrian refugee living in a makeshift shelter in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. Eventually he made it to the UK where he moved in with relatives.\nWessam (21) smoking in his makeshift shelter in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee...\nWessam (21) smoking in his makeshift shelter in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. He fled Syria with his parents just before the war broke out and ended up in in Calais in October 2015. Among the m...\nDandan, Wessam and Ibrahim refugees from Syria, met in Calais in the autumn of...\nDandan, Wessam and Ibrahim refugees from Syria, met in Calais in the autumn of 2015 and moved into a shelter together in an area mostly housing Syrians from Daraa in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee cam...\nIn a makeshift shelter in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp, Wessam and...\nIn a makeshift shelter in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp, Wessam and Dandan look at old pictures from their hometown Daraa in Syria.\nYassin, a refugee from Damascus reading an Arabic/English dictionary while...\nYassin, a refugee from Damascus reading an Arabic/English dictionary while resting in a makeshift shelter in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. After the camp was demolished he spent time living rou...\nA group of men warm themselves around a fire in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee...\nA group of men warm themselves around a fire in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp.\nThe lights from a patrolling police vehicle appear on a beach near the...\nThe lights from a patrolling police vehicle appear on a beach near the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. Refugees from the camp have no more than four minutes to run one kilometre along the beach, get...\nA composite image showing the remains of an Iranian passport (centre) and...\nA composite image showing the remains of an Iranian passport (centre) and various other items lying on the ground after the south part of the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp was cleared of people and...\nA man stands on a ladder while seeking a better signal for a mobile phone call...\nA man stands on a ladder while seeking a better signal for a mobile phone call in the so-called 'Jungle' refugee camp. The police had recently visited the premises to warn the owner not to build the p...\nA woman uses her mobile while sitting by the sea at Torreblanca looking...\nA woman uses her mobile while sitting by the sea at Torreblanca looking towards Fuengirola. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the sum...\n© Espen Rasmussen\nMorning fog obscures the tower blocks in Torreblanca. The long broad beach,...\nMorning fog obscures the tower blocks in Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and lat...\nPeople beach fishing between Fuengirola and Torreblanca. The long broad...\nPeople beach fishing between Fuengirola and Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and...\nA man jumps over a small stream on the beach between Fuengirola and...\nA man jumps over a small stream on the beach between Fuengirola and Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months...\nTourists on the beach at Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from...\nTourists on the beach at Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and late eveings, the s...\nThe moon shines on the beach between Fuengirola and Torreblanca. The long...\nThe moon shines on the beach between Fuengirola and Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the morni...\nPeople on the beach at Torreblanca are enveloped by a morning fog. The long...\nPeople on the beach at Torreblanca are enveloped by a morning fog. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mor...\nPeople fishing from a water break at Torreblanca, are enveloped by morning...\nPeople fishing from a water break at Torreblanca, are enveloped by morning fog. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months b...\nA boy swimming in the sea at Torreblanca is enveloped by a light morning fog.\nA boy swimming in the sea at Torreblanca is enveloped by a light morning fog. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but...\nResidents play tennis and football at courts attached to a residential...\nResidents play tennis and football at courts attached to a residential apartment block. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer...\nChildren in the sea enveloped by wispy morning fog on the beach at...\nChildren in the sea enveloped by wispy morning fog on the beach at Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months b...\nTourists riding one of the many waterslides in the waterpark Parque Acuatico...\nTourists riding one of the many waterslides in the waterpark Parque Acuatico Mijas. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer mont...\nNovelty boats on the beach are enveloped by morning at Torreblanca. The long...\nNovelty boats on the beach are enveloped by morning at Torreblanca. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mo...\nTourists crash into the pool after riding one of the many waterslides in the...\nTourists crash into the pool after riding one of the many waterslides in the waterpark Parque Acuatico Mijas. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day...\nTourists swimming in the sea. The long broad beach, stretching from...\nTourists swimming in the sea. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and late eveings, the sun hungr...\nTourists dancing in one of the many pools at the waterpark Parque Acuatico...\nTourists dancing in one of the many pools at the waterpark Parque Acuatico Mijas. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months...\nA visitor's shadow falls on a shack. The long broad beach, stretching from...\nA visitor's shadow falls on a shack. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and late eveings, the su...\nTwo women sit on a bench outside Tivoli World in Benalmadena, a popular spot...\nTwo women sit on a bench outside Tivoli World in Benalmadena, a popular spot for tourists in the evening and at night-time. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists d...\nTivoli World in Benalmadena, a popular spot for tourists in the evening and at...\nTivoli World in Benalmadena, a popular spot for tourists in the evening and at night-time. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summ...\nChildren on an adventure train ride in Tivoli World in Benalmadena, a popular...\nChildren on an adventure train ride in Tivoli World in Benalmadena, a popular spot for tourists in the evening and at night-time. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tour...\nBoys run and play on the beach in Torreblanca (Fuengirola). The long broad...\nBoys run and play on the beach in Torreblanca (Fuengirola). The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings a...\nTourists leave the beaches after a long warm day. The long broad beach,...\nTourists leave the beaches after a long warm day. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and late ev...\nBoys playing football on the beach at Torreblanca (Fuengirola). The long...\nBoys playing football on the beach at Torreblanca (Fuengirola). The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornin...\nA child swimming in a pool. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola,...\nA child swimming in a pool. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and late eveings, the sun hungry...\nThe long and wide beaches at Fuengirola are crowded with sun-beds, rented by...\nThe long and wide beaches at Fuengirola are crowded with sun-beds, rented by tourists for four Euros per day. The locals mostly lie on blankets on the sand close to the waterfront. The long broad beac...\nPeople playing beach volleyball at sunset. The long broad beach, stretching...\nPeople playing beach volleyball at sunset. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the mornings and late eveings,...\nThe shadows of people walking a seaside promenade fall on a shed Fuengirola.\nThe shadows of people walking a seaside promenade fall on a shed Fuengirola. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but...\nBoys playing football on the beach at Torreblanca (Fuengirola), using a...\nBoys playing football on the beach at Torreblanca (Fuengirola), using a storage shed as a goal. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout th...\nChildren play on a trampoline ride on the beach at Fuengirola. The long broad...\nChildren play on a trampoline ride on the beach at Fuengirola. The long broad beach, stretching from Fuengirola, is crowded with tourists during the day throughout the summer months but in the morning...\nBoys playing football on the beach at Torreblanca (Fuengirola). The long broad...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1307855"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.617621898651123,"wiki_prob":0.617621898651123,"text":"650-years jubilee, © Museum Hameln\nThe Pied Piper jubilee celebrations\nIn the late 19th century, interest in the Pied Piper of Hamelin increased dramatically. In 1875, the extremely popular epic poem of Julius Wolff was premiered, and in 1879 the opera of Viktor Nessler. The potential of the old legend was also recognised in Hamelin: 600 years after the supposed procession of the children, a large jubilee celebration was held in 1884.\nThe Pied Piper subsequently became a poster child for tourism. Brochures, picture collections, postcards and souvenirs with his picture have been produced.\nJubilee celebrations also occurred in Hamelin in 1934, 1984 and 2009. The character of the celebrations exemplified the Zeitgeist. The 1934 jubilee also had a recognisable political dimension: The legend was used by the National Socialists for propaganda purposes.\nThe 650-years anniversary\nThe Pied Piper anniversary in 1934 is further evidence of the dangerous ability of the Nazi rulers to organize large-scale events, advertise them on a large scale and use them for political propaganda. People are mobilized by appealing to their „national duty“ to participate. In contrast to the festival weekend 50 years ago, the celebrations extend almost all year round.\nThe treasure of imperishable legends is one of the finest pearls of German folklore.\nGerman history calls you, German legend, German landscape!\nGerda Riege\nWoodcut, around 1940\nGerda Riege is the sister of the Hamelin painter Rudolf Riege who is considered the best-known graphic artist in Weserbergland.\nProgramme booklet\nThe organisation of the festival lay for the most part in the hands of the district administration of the NSDAP. Among the scheduled events were mixed together torch processions of the SA, military parades and an “ethnic German mass active game”: “Volk will zu Volk”. The jubilee celebrations thus also turned into a political propaganda function.\nHenze-Dessau, 1934\nThe motto of the Pied Piper festival, “German history, German legend, German landscape calls to you!” makes it clear that the organisers in 1934 had more in mind than merely the celebration of a Hamelin city festival. Can the terrible events of 1284 be considered a cause for celebration at all? In contrast to 50 years previously, the figure of the Pied Piper was not made into a hero, but rather the legend was presented as an example of “real German folklore”.\nTourist office letter\nThe Hamelin tourist office, founded in 1914, describes itself as an establishment for the promotion of the city’s tourism. It works closely with the city administration. The first brochures appeared in the 1920s. Hamelin is promoted as the “Pied Piper city in the Weser Hills.” In 1933, the citizens of Hamelin were requested to provide “active assistance”. In May 1934, the office asked the Director of Studies, Heinrich Spanuth, to arrange an exhibition of the Pied Piper legend. Within six weeks, the jubilee exhibition resulted, “The Pied Piper legend in words and pictures”. It later formed the basis of the Pied Piper collection of the museum.\nPied Piper figure\nDelius pottery, Hamelin 1934\nThe Hamelin Delius pottery, rich in tradition, produced a ceramic Pied Piper figure to mark the Pied Piper jubilee. The company logo of the pottery had always been a rat symbol. Because of this, it did not present any great difficulty for the management in 1934, as the “pottery with the rat”, to produce high quality souvenirs for the jubilee.\nThe circular red badge was the official festival emblem of the Pied Piper jubilee in 1934. The festival participants had to be expressly able to “identify” themselves. Each badge wearer also had the opportunity to participate in a tombola. “Hamelin good luck rats” made of parish chocolate could be bought for 30 Reichspfennigs. Each fourth rat received a winning ticket.\nThe triangular pin badge was used as a mark of identification for the promoters of the Pied Piper festival. This not only meant helpers and organisers, but also those businesses and places that were prepared to spread information and sell festival badges, commemorative publications and good luck rats. The “street hawkers” without a permanent business also wore an armband with the title “tourist office” and a number.\nInformation board\nCar park, 1934\nIn contrast to 1884 – many people arrived by their own automobile, motorcycle or bicycle. Parking spaces had to be arranged for the cars: a supervised parking area in the Sedanplatz and various unsupervised surfaces were made available. Similarly to the Bückeberg festivals, which had occurred annually since 1933, the direction of traffic represented an enormous organisational cost.\nKarl Schatzberg, 1934\nThe events of the 650-year celebrations of the Pied Piper legend lasted from May to September 1934. The main festival week took place from 24th June until 1st July. Similarly to 1884, local artists were attracted and mainly contributed to designing the cultural part of the events. The author Bernhard Flemes devised a theatre play, which was first performed on 26th June. On the same day, the Pied Piper art clock together with glockenspiel was ceremonially inaugurated. The puppet artist Marga Rulff performed a Pied Piper puppet play in the city hall “in eight pictures”. The open-air play, which had taken place regularly since 1930 under the direction of Magda Fischer, formed the core of the events line-up alongside the historical festival parade.\nTwo puppets from the puppet theatre of 1934, © Museum Hameln\nGlove puppets: The Pied Piper of Hamelin\nRulff’s Artist Puppet Games\nHeads and hands by Rudolf Nickel, 1934 | costumes by Marga Rulff, 1934\nThe jubilee of 1934 was planned as a large festival with many events. In March 1934, Rulff’s Artist Puppet Games from Bad Pyrmont was commissioned by the city of Hamelin to stage a puppet show for the jubilee celebrations. Some of the beautifully-made puppets were preserved in Hamelin Museum, including to be seen here: Pied Piper and Madam Fable.\nMarga Rulff based her songbook on Grimm’s fable template. But typical puppet show elements were also interwoven: The clown as a servant always speaks turned to the audience. Together with Madam Fable, he frames the actual plot.\nFrom June to October 1934, several performances of the puppet show took place as part of the legend jubilee each week at the meeting hall in the garrison church.\nRulff’s production envisaged that all dramatic, i.e. real scenes would be represented by puppets. All mythical scenes should be performed with the help of an artistic shadow play. The fantastical in the night-time rat procession appeared likewise in three silhouettes in the same way as the procession of the children.\nThe design and production of the impressive shadow scenes was undertaken by Lotte Reiniger, the animated silhouette film artist from Berlin, already widely known in 1934.\nThe first jubilee took place on 28th and 29th June and was a splendid success. An array of photographers seized the opportunity to document the event with the new, modern technology and then sell their pictures.\nThe magnificent album with golden inscription: “Recollection of the Pied Piper festival in Hamelin” and the two framed commemorative coins contain studio and outdoor shots of the event. The first “full-time” Pied Piper actor is also represented: the businessman Adolph Pietsch.\nThe album is part of the estate of the Hamelin family Silberschmidt and was placed in the museum in 1936.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1419045"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9978740811347961,"wiki_prob":0.9978740811347961,"text":"Halle Berry To Be Honoured With The People’s Icon Award At ‘People’s Choice Awards’\nBy Anita Tai. 19 Nov 2021 5:50 PM\nHalle Berry — Photo: Matt Winkelmeyer/WireImage/Getty Images\nNBC and E! announce Halle Berry will receive The People’s Icon award at the 2021 “People’s Choice Awards”.\nCardi B will present the award to the actress for her contributions to TV and film.\nREAD MORE: Halle Berry Ups Her A-Game In ‘Bruised’, Reminding Her That ‘Age Is Just A Number’\nHalle Berry – Photo: Adrienne Raquel\n“Throughout her career, Halle Berry has broken down barriers, directed and starred in diverse roles that have paved the way for others in the industry,” said NBCUniversal Entertainment Television and Streaming Executive Vice President Jen Neal. “In addition to her filmography accolades and trendsetting ethos, Berry is known for her philanthropic work with women, children and underserved communities. She is an icon of our time and for all these reasons and more, we are honoured to present her with The People’s Icon award.”\nBerry has worked as an actress, director, and producer throughout her career, earning a variety of accolades for her work including the Academy Award for Best Actress in “Monster Ball” and a Best Actress Golden Globe in “Frankie and Alice”.\nREAD MORE: Halle Berry And Van Hunt Say Her Son Already Gave Them A Wedding Ceremony\nIn her philanthropic work, the actress has been a supporter of the Jenesse Center in Los Angeles, which supports victims of domestic violence and aims to change the pattern of abuse in the lives of women and children. Berry also joined forces with Novo Nordisk and the Entertainment Industry Foundation to launch the Diabetes Aware Campaign along with many other charities.\nThe actress made her directorial debut in the film “Bruised” which hit theatres on Nov. 17.\nThe People’s Choice Awards take place on Dec. 7 at 9 p.m. ET/PT.\n2021 People's Choice Awards Awards Celebs Halle Berry Movies\n2022 Costume Designers Guild Awards Nominations: ‘Cruella,’ ‘Dune,’ ‘Euphoria’ Among Nominees","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1814624"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.841741144657135,"wiki_prob":0.841741144657135,"text":"Hale & Monico\nAndrew M. Hale\nAndrew M. Hale - Chicago, IL\nMonadnock Building53 West JacksonSuite 337 Chicago, IL 60604\nChicago Personal Injury Lawyer\nMr. Hale, a founding member of the firm, concentrates his practice in commercial litigation, with significant experience in both State and Federal Courts. Mr. Hale has significant experience in complex litigation matters and is admitted to practice law in Illinois, California and Florida. Mr. Hale is also an avid New York Yankees fan.\nAbout Andrew M. Hale\nCurrent Employment Position(s)\nU.S. District Court Middle District of Florida, 1987\nU.S. Court of Appeals 11th Circuit, 1987\nU.S. District Court Northern District of Illinois, 1988\nU.S. Court of Appeals 7th Circuit, 1988\nU.S. District Court Central District of California, 1992\nUniversity of Illinois College of Law, Champaign, Illinois\nUniversity of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, IL\nMajor: Political Science\nOther Sources of Feedback About Andrew M. Hale\nIncluded on the 2022 Illinois list\n2021 Illinois Super Lawyers list\nView the profile for Andrew M. Hale on Super Lawyers\nhttps://www.halemonico.com/\nhttps://www.halemonico.com/blog/\nEvans v. City of Chicago, et al, No. 04 C 3570, 2006 WL 463041 (N.D. Ill. 2006)\nWilkins v. Riveredge Hospital, 130 Fed. Appx. 823 (7th Cir 2005)\nTy Inc. v. Softbelly's, Inc., 2005 WL 326974 (N.D. Ill. 2005)\nFlood v. Ty Inc., No. 02 C 9497, 2005 WL 994579 (N.D. Ill. 2005)\nTy Inc. v. Softbelly's, Inc., No. 00 C 5230, 2005 WL 326974 (N.D. Ill. 2005)\nBaker v. Jewel Food Stores, Inc., 355 Ill. App.3d 62, 291 Ill. Dec. 83 (Appeallate Court of Illinois, First District 2005)\nAlsdorf v. Bennigson, No. 04 C 5953, 2004 WL 2806301 (N.D. Ill. 2004)\nWilkins v. Riveredge Hospital, No. 02 C 9232, 2004 WL 906010 (N.D. Ill 2004)\nLunding v. Biocatalyst & Resources, Inc., No. 03 C 696, 2004 WL 547250 (N.D. Ill 2004)\nTy Inc. v. Softbelly's, Inc., 353 F.3d 528 (7th Cir. 2003)\nTy Inc. v. Softbelly's, 353 F.3d 528, 57 Fed.R.Serv.3d 637 (7th Circuit 2003)\nLunding v. Biocatalyst Resources, Inc., No. 03 C 696, 2003 WL 22232831 (N.D. Ill. 2003)\nTy Inc. v. Jones Group, Inc., 237 F.3d 891 (7th Circuit 2001)\nBurns & Associates, Inc. v. Prestige Products Group, 2001 WL 830975 (N.D. Ill. 2001)\nTy Inc. v. Jones Group, Inc., 98 F.Supp.2d 988 (N.D. Ill. 2000)\nChicago Professional Sports Limited Partnership and WGN Continental Broadcasting Co. v. National Basketball Association, 808 F.Supp. 646 (N.D. Ill. 1992)\nChicago Professional Sports Limited Partnership and WGN Continental Broadcasting Co. v. National Basketball Association, 961 F.2d 667 (7th Circuit 1992)\nFirst National Bank of Louisville v. Brooks Farms, 821 S.W.2d 925 (Tenn. 1991)\nKeller v. A.O. Smith Harvestore Products, Inc., 819 P.2d 69 (Colo. 1991)\nHarrison/Erickson, Inc. v. Chicago Bulls, Limited Partnership, No. 91 C 1585, 1991 WL 51118 (S.D.N.Y. 1991)\nChicago Professional Sports Limited Partnership and WGN Continental Broadcasting Co. v. National Basketball Association, 754 F.Supp. 1336 (N.D.Ill. 1991)\nNew Park Forest Associates II v. Rogers Enterprises, Inc., 195 Ill.App.3d 757, 142 Ill.Dec. 474 (First District 1990)\nFirst National Bank of Louisville v. Brooks Farms, No. 89-194-II, 1990 WL 6386 (Tenn. App. 1990)\nFund Plan Services, Inc. v. Dickens, No. 88 C 6821, 1990 WL 6645 (N.D. Ill. 1990)\nLaramore v. The Illinois Sports Facilities Authority, The City of Chicago and The Chicago White Sox, Ltd., 722 F.Supp. 443 (N.D. Ill 1989)\nWFLD-TV v. The Chicago White Sox, Cook County, IL (1988)\nLaramore v. The Illinois Sports Facilities Authority, the City of Chicago, and the Chicago White Sox, 89 C 1067 (N.D. IL)\nChicago Professional Sports Ltd. Partnership v. National Basketball Association, 90 C 6247 (N.D. IL)\nHarrison/Erickson Inc. v. Chicago Bulls Limited Partnership dba The Chicago Bulls, 91 Civ. 1585 (S.D.N.Y.)\nwww.halemonico.com/","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line871541"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5248876214027405,"wiki_prob":0.4751123785972595,"text":"The U.S. International Trade Commission: An Introduction\nThe U.S. International Trade Commission, Material Injury Determinations, and Remedies for US Manufacturers: An Introduction\nWritten by Dan Pickard of Wiley Law\nThe U.S. International Trade Commission (“ITC”) is one of the most powerful, but least known, agencies in the Federal Government. The ITC is an independent, quasi-judicial, federal agency, which, in trade remedy investigations, determines whether a domestic industry is materially injured, or threatened with material injury, by dumped or subsidized imports. The ITC’s decisions in these trade remedy cases, generally either antidumping or countervailing duty investigations, can have major effects on both international trade and domestic industries, specifically by determining whether U.S. manufacturers and their workers are entitled to a remedy against unfair import competition. This article provides a brief introduction to this important agency.\nThe ITC is composed of six Commissioners, who are nominated by the President and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. No more than three Commissioners may be of any one political party (i.e., there are typically three Democrats and three Republicans) The Commissioners serve overlapping terms of nine years each, with a new term beginning every 18 months. The Chairman and Vice Chairman are designated by the President for two-year terms. The Chairman and Vice Chairman must be from different political parties, and the Chairman cannot be from the same political party as the preceding Chairman. The ITC has a staff of over 300 professionals, including investigators, analysts, economists, attorneys, and technical support personnel.\nThe ITC has four primary responsibilities, namely: (1) investigate and make determinations as to whether unfairly priced imports have injured a domestic industry; (2) investigate claims that imports have violated U.S. intellectual property rights; (3) provide independent analysis and information on tariffs, trade and competitiveness; and (4) maintain the U.S. tariff schedule.\nThe ITC is likely best known for its role in antidumping investigations. As explained in a previous article in this series, before antidumping duties can be assessed on unfairly priced imports, the ITC must find that the imports are a cause of material injury (or threat thereof) to the U.S. industry. In this regard, injury is defined as harm that is more than inconsequential, insignificant, or immaterial. Indeed, the domestic industry can demonstrate injury in a number of ways, typically through downward trends in financial data (production, shipments, profits, etc.). Operating losses are not a necessary component of material injury if it is otherwise clear that the industry would have been better off absent the subject imports. As long as the dumped imports are found to be a cause of material injury or threat thereof, the ITC will make an affirmative determination, even if there are other, more important causes of such injury or threat.\nIf the ITC makes a final affirmative determination (i.e. 3 or more of the 6 Commissioners finding material injury or threat of material injury) then an antidumping order will be issued that will require payment of duties for all covered imports from all producers in the subject countries in an amount to offset the unfair pricing. The antidumping order is issued for a five-year period but which can be re-issued for subsequent five-year periods through a “sunset review” process. Antidumping orders frequently result in U.S. manufacturers regaining lost market share, increased pricing levels in the United States, and improved operating profits and profit margins.\nThe ITC also conducts “Section 201” investigations (also known as “Safeguard” cases) which are one of the strongest trade remedy actions available under U.S. law. These cases are less common than antidumping investigations and to examine whether a particular import is causing or threatening to cause “serious injury” to a domestic industry (as compared to “material injury” in an antidumping investigation).\nBoth the injury and causal standards are higher in a Section 201 investigation as compared to an anti-dumping case. However, the remedy provided in a Section 201 can be much broader – covering imports potentially from every country in the world – and more meaningful than in an antidumping/countervailing duty case. Additionally, Section 201 does not require a finding of an unfair trade practice, as do the antidumping and countervailing duty laws.\nIf the ITC makes an affirmative injury determination under Section 201, the investigation proceeds to a remedy phase. During the remedy phase, ITC recommends specific actions to address the serious injury to the domestic industry. The ITC generally must make its injury finding within 120 days (150 days in more complicated cases) of the initiation of the Section 201 investigation, and must transmit its report to the President, together with any relief recommendations, within 180 days after initiation. The President can then accept, reject, or modify the ITC’s recommendation.\nFor more information regarding the U.S. International Trade Commission, please do not hesitate to contact Daniel B. Pickard, a partner in the International Trade practice of Wiley Rein LLP, in Washington DC. He can be reached at 202.719.7285 or via email at [email protected].\nBy Guest Contributor on 12/28/2021 / Featured, News / Leave a comment","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1531002"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7111218571662903,"wiki_prob":0.2888781428337097,"text":"Kumba Iron Ore (JSE:KIO)\nThemba Mkhwanazi\nMarket Cap (AUD): 159.81B\nSector: Basic Materials\nLast Trade (AUD): 496.18 +0 (+0%)\nKumba Iron (JSE:KIO) produces a high-grade iron ore that is one of the minerals that society needs to develop and prosper. Iron ore is the key component in steel, the most widely used of all metals. It is used in the construction of buildings and bridges, and manufacturing of vehicles and many household appliances.\nThe company's production process consists of: exploration; planning and building; mining; processing and blending; shipping; marketing and selling.\nThe company's exploration in South Africa is focused in the Northern Cape, close to its existing operations. On and near-mine exploration and resource definition drilling is conducted to increase confidence in the geological models; these are updated annually in support of life of mine and long-term planning.\nThe company's geologists and engineers design its mines using virtual mine planning systems. Kumba Iron builds mines that are effective, cost-efficient and environmentally sound – mines that minimise the company's environmental footprint while safeguarding its cash resources.\nThe company extracts iron ore by mining the iron ore bodies within its mining leases using open pit methods. Kumba Iron is implementing a technology roadmap that aims to accelerate the adoption of technology to improve safety, quality, efficiency and resource utilisation.\nThe company uses dense-media and ultrahigh density media processing and jigging technologies to regulate the physical properties of the finished product, removing impurities and improving product quality. It also supports the South African government’s objectives to maximise the developmental impact of the minerals sector.\nProcessing and blending\nBlending allows Kumba Iron to utilise products from its operations to provide niche specification products to its markets. Products are screened and sized to match customer requirements, and then transported through its outbound logistics chain.\nShipping, marketing and selling\nThe group sells iron ore domestically and internationally. Export customers are in a range of geographical locations around the globe, including China, Japan, India, South Korea and countries in Europe and MENA. Domestically, Kumba Iron sells ore to ArcelorMittal SA.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line572859"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5314631462097168,"wiki_prob":0.4685368537902832,"text":"400 County Center, 3rd Floor\nOffice hours are M-F (holidays\nexcepted) 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.\nTweets by SanMateoCoDA\nStephen M. Wagstaffe - District Attorney\nSMW_800.jpg\nI am pleased that you have visited the San Mateo County District Attorney website. We in the District Attorney's Office are committed to seek justice and accountability for all who violate the law in our county. We also seek to provide assistance for those victimized by criminals. Our efforts to achieve justice will continue to make San Mateo County as safe an environment as possible in which to live and work.\nThe mission of the District Attorney’s Office is the prosecution of adult and juvenile offenders, to provide services to victims of crime, enforcement of consumer and environmental laws, provision of legal and investigative support to other law enforcement agencies, and dissemination of public information about law enforcement.\nCondemnation - Racism And Bigotry\nAs District Attorney of San Mateo County, I join the other District Attorneys in California... Read more »\nExecutive Order prohibiting price gouging of at-home COVID test kits\nOn January 8, 2022 the Governor issued a statewide Executive Order (N-2-22) prohibiting price gouging in the sale of at-home COVID testing kits. It is operative through March 31, 2022. It generally prohibits anyone who sold at-home testing kits as of December 1, 2021 from increasing prices by greater than 10 percent. Anyone selling testing kits who did not sell them as of December 1, 2021 is prohibited from charging 50 percent greater than what they paid for the kit themselves. Violating the Executive Order is a misdemeanor violation of Government Code section 8665, which is punishable by a fine of up to $1,000 or imprisonment for up to six months, or both. This would also constitute a violation of the Unfair Competition Law. Please report illegal price gouging in San Mateo County to our Consumer & Environmental Unit. A complaint form can be obtained by calling (650) 363-4651. State and spell your name and address on the recording and a complaint form will be mailed to you. You can also fill out the consumer complaint form . Completed complaint forms should be emailed to smda@smcgov.org , sent by US mail to San Mateo County District Attorney’s Office, 400 County Center, 3 rd Floor, Redwood City, CA 94063 or delivered to our office. ... View moreView Executive Order prohibiting price gouging of at-home COVID test kits\nSMC Community College District Official Pleads Guilty\nOn January 5th, 2022, Jose Nunez, Vice Chancellor of Facilities for the the San Mateo County College District pled nolo contendere to two counts of the Education Code section 7054 felony: Use of Community College District resources for political purposes (the election of candidate Mohr for District Board and the bond measure for District projects). The defendant’s pleas were conditioned on his testifying fully and truthfully if called to testify as a witness in any proceeding or trial related to the DA’s Office ogoing investigation of the Community College District. There was no sentence limitation and the defendant faces a maximum sentence of 3 years, 8 months in state prison for the two felony convictions. The case was continued to July 15, 2022 8:30 to set a date for sentencing. The remaining charges were dismissed as part of the plea bargain for truthful testimony. The defendant remains out of custody on his own recognizance.... View moreView SMC Community College District Official Pleads Guilty\nBAY AREA PROSECUTORS JOIN FORCES TO COMBAT ORGANIZED RETAIL THEFT\nPosted by Press Release on Nov 24th 2021\nBAY AREA PROSECUTORS JOIN FORCES TO COMBAT ORGANIZED RETAIL THEFT As Organized Retail Thieves Turn to New Tactics, Bay Area Prosecutors Form Alliance to Ensure Accountability STOCKTON – Today, San Mateo County District Attorney Steve Wagstaffe announced an alliance between Contra Costa, Alameda, San Francisco, Marin, San Joaquin, and Santa Clara counties, law enforcement, and state agencies to combat the recent increase in organized retail theft. Each office has pledged a prosecutor to collaborate and participate in the joint effort. ... View moreView BAY AREA PROSECUTORS JOIN FORCES TO COMBAT ORGANIZED RETAIL THEFT","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line262311"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7309137582778931,"wiki_prob":0.7309137582778931,"text":"[Page 120]\n“Alte Hejm”\nFour Zionist Newspapers\n“HANOJGA” [noga is Hebrew, means to shine] Monthly No. 1\nPublished by the students of the “Tarbut” School\nEditor Icchok Szumowicz\nToday's edition contains 8 pages No. 1\n“OSTROWER LEBEN” [“Ostrow Life”]\n“NOSIV” [Hebrew, means route]\nCollected writings from Kibbutz “Nasiv” in Ostrow Maz.\nWarszawa 25 stycznia [January] 1935 – Warszawa 21 Shevat [January] 5695 [1935]\n“OSTROWER TRIBUNE” price 10 groschen\nFriday 7th December 1934 Friday 1st Tevet 5695 [1934]\nthe Work of Keren Kayemet l'Yisroel “Colosseum” Movie Theatre\nThe History of Ostrowa\nBy Arja Lejb Margolis, Tel-Aviv\nTranslated by Judie Ostroff Goldstein\nFor various reasons, Jews settled in Mazowsze [Mazovia] later than in other parts of Poland. The reasons being:\nThe political independence of the realm with its own court and political traditions.\nEconomic independence and strong opposition on the part of the Catholic Church.\nUntil 1526, Mazowsze was an independent duchy and the connection to the crown was weak, but the Mazowsze nobles recognized the Polish Kings and the government. By mid 14th century they swore loyalty to the Kings, but until 1526 they maintained their independence.\nThe Polish kings were able to incorporate Mazowsze into the crown in a process that began in the 15th century. Whenever a Mazowsze noble died without children, their land was incorporated into Greater Poland. In 1462 the districts of Rawa and Gostynim were incorporated in this manner. In 1464 – Sochachów and in 1495 Plock and Ostrowa. The largest part of Mazowsze Duchy was incorporated into the crown after the death of the last two dukes of the old Pyast dynasty died without heirs.\nThis happened in 1526. The area that was incorporated into the crown in 1526 was given wide autonomy and had their own judicial courts.\nAfter 1526 the entire Mazowsze Duchy was divided into three provinces: Rawa, Plock and Czersk (Mazowsze). (ref. “Historja Polska”, 104 by S. Koczewy). In 1578 King Batory instituted the Polish judicial system in Mazowsze.\nThere were several attempts by the nobility, from the 15th through the 18th century, to pass a law expelling the Jews from Mazowsze, but none were successful.\nWe hear demands from all sides to expel the Jews from Mazowsze until the end of the 18th century. Even the “Council of the Four Lands” produced a rabbinical decree that no Jews should settle in Mazowsze. In 1669 the interdiction decrees from the “Council of the Four Lands” was read aloud in the Tikocyn synagogue. (Pinkus Tiktyn)\nA law was passed by the King, beginning 28th March 1789 and in force until 1862, forbidding Jews from settling in Ostrów Mazowiecka. In 1856 the Jews were already a majority, two thousand four hundred ten Jews to one thousand five hundred sixty Christians.\nI found this in the “Jewish Encyclopedia”, Petrograd, published by Efrun (volume 12, Pg. 28-147). Also from a population census in 1897, the number of inhabitants in the Ostrów district totaled ninety-eight thousand – seventeen thousand two hundred ninety were Jews. The population of Ostrowa itself was ten thousand four hundred seventy-one of which five thousand nine hundred sixty were Jews.\nThere were many attempts to keep the Jews out of Mazowsze by both Christians and Jews, however none of them were successful. The Jews continued to live in Mazowsze and spread out into all the cities and villages, including the Jewish community in Ostrowa.\nOstrów Mazowiecka, a district city, had belonged to Lomza Gubernia. The city is located on a flat, hill-less area that is the water table for the Narew and Bug rivers. The inlets from the two rivers flowed into the third, the Brok. (ref. Slownik Geographiczny).\nOstrów Mazowiecka was ninety-three versts from Warszawa, forty-one versts from Lomza, ninety versts from Bialystok, fifteen versts from Malkinia (railroad station on the line Warszawa-Petrograd) and ten versts from the Bug River.\nA top grade, important highway goes through Ostrowa from Serock and Wyszków to Bialystok. There were not many rivers in the Ostrów District. (Neighbouring Ostroleka District was rich in water.) The middle area in the northern part of the district had no water. The southern and eastern parts have the Brok River with several inlets from the Bug River.\nAlmost the entire Ostrów District, starting from the historical era, was one large, first growth primeval forest, in which there were very sparse, scattered, small communities (colonies). Communities during the hunting age were in the forests around Brok. The principal for the city was the hunting-palace of the Dukes. The unproductive soil was not conducive to establishing a lot of colonies. This was not a good area for large agricultural endeavors. There were some middle-sized, but mainly small peasant holdings and there were only fifty-seven noble households.\nIn the realm of communications, Ostrów District, particularly the southern and eastern sections were well provided for.\nThe Bug River flowed at the southern border of the district. The railroad Warszawa-St. Petersburg cut through the southeastern portion of the district for thirty versts with stations in Malkinia Górna and Czyzewo.\nThe top-grade Bialystok highway cut through the district, for forty-three versts, from southwest to northeast. Another second-grade highway went through the district (through Ostrowa to Ostroleka) for twenty-eight versts. About the founding of Ostrowa, there is a version that states the city had royal privileges and the city had been established in 1410.\nThe Duke of Mazowiecka, Boleslaw IV, had given his village (Ostrowa) the privileges of a city in 1410. The Mazowiecka Princess Anny (when Poland gained independence the old market, called Rynek, was renamed “Plac Anny Mazowiecka”) never extended the privileges.\nIn 1930 (when I was a member of the city council) the city celebrated its 500th anniversary. The Mayor, Jan Zakszewski (who thought of himself as an historian) put out a brochure about the history of the city.\nAfter the incorporation of Mazowiecka (into the Polish crown) the Polish kings confirmed the privileges of the city Ostrów Mazowiecka. According to a decision by the Sejm in 1565, Ostrów was united under one Governor.\nIn 1616 in back of the city was a royal court, where trials took place in matters concerning the villages and the city. At that time there were four hundred fifty-three houses in the city. Behind the city there was also a mulberry tree plantation (with a total of thirty thousand trees) run by A. Bogucki.\nIn 1660, Ostrowa together with surrounding villages had 5,509 inhabitants. An order from the King dated the 28th of March, 1789 (in effect until 1862) forbid Jews from settling in Ostrów Mazowiecka. In 1856 the Jews were already a majority with 2,410 Jews to 1,560 Christians.\nIn 1827 there were 184 houses and 1,792 inhabitants in the city and in 1860, 297 houses and 4,119 inhabitants (of which 2,486 were Jews).\nThe spreading Ostrów District became part of Lomza Gubernia that was established in 1867 with eight communities from the old Ostroleka District and two from Pultusk District.\nThere was already a railroad line to Warszawa in the district in 1867. There were 77,700 inhabitants in the District – by religion: 61,761 Catholics, 2,797Evangelists, 67 Protestants and 12,515 Jews. In Ostrowa there were two elementary schools and in the surrounding villages: Brok, Nur, Andrzejewo, Wasewo, Zambrów, Czyzewo, Dlugiosiodlo and Komorowo – only one school.\nThe Ostrów District was divided into twelve communities, in which there were four hundred twenty-six villages. Roads were built to Wyszków and Bialystok.\nSix fairs a year were held in Ostrowa. There was a tobacco factory, a lot of windmills and a famous toilet water factory owned by the pharmacist and established in the pharmacy. Afterward, a hospital was built (Christian, not used by the Jews), a Post Office-Telegraph building, and government buildings for the civil servants.\nIn 1886 there were two schools (one for boys and one for girls), a Justice of the Peace for four districts, a district office, a City Hall, Post Office-Telegraph office. There were 472 houses (five were brick) with 7,800 inhabitants: 2,688 Catholics, 6 Protestants, 18 Evangelists and 5,088 Jews.\nFrom the population census of 1897, the total number of inhabitants in Ostrów District was 98,000 of which 17,290 were Jews. In Ostrowa of 10,471 inhabitants, 5,660 were Jews.\nOf all the villages in the district, these had more than five hundred inhabitants. Andrzejewo had 1,448 inhabitants (of which 586 were Jews). Brok had 2,657 (1,296 Jews). In Wasewo there were 576 (196 Jews). Dlugosiodlo numbered 1,249 Christians (800 Jews). Zareby Koscielne had 1,241 Christians and (1,063 Jews). Malkinia had 1,091 Christians (348 Jews). In Nur there were 2,133 Christians and (1,212). Poreba had 541 Christians (74 Jews); Suchcice 522 Christians (88 Jews) and Czyzewo 1,785 Christians (1,596 Jews).\nAt the end of the 19th century there were sixty-three windmills with a yearly output of 53,450 rubles, nineteen water mills with 6,620 rubles, Liquor Distilleries: in Branszczyk, Zoszków and Trynosy with an output of 88,500 rubles; Tobacco factory – 19,615 Rubles; Brewery – 7,500 Rubles. At the pharmacy there was a toilet water factory (famous throughout the country).\nIn the 20th century, thanks to Jewish initiative and organization, industries grew. The forest was a treasure. There were two sawmills in the city and forestry was the largest industry in town, as well as in the villages around Ostrowa. Lumber was sent to Warszawa and other cities far and wide, as well being exported to Germany and England.\nDue to the large military presence in the city and in Komorowo, steams mills were built and had a large output especially the large mill “Automat”. With twenty-four pairs of rollers it was one of the largest in Poland and shipped product all over the country.\nThe brewery also increased its output and was known for its high quality beer that was also shipped to Warszawa. There were also some small manufacturing enterprises such as a glass factory, a vinegar factory, etc.\nThe Jewish population however did not grow because a lot of Jews had moved. A lot had left (especially the young ones) for the large cities, like Warszawa, Łódz, etc. An even larger number had emigrated to America, Argentina, Uruguay and other countries around the globe. Some of the young people had made aliyah.\nIn 1921, the population of the city was 13,425 of which 6,812 were Jews.\nIn 1934 (after Komorowo and other villages were incorporated into the city), there were 20,000 inhabitants of which 8.000 were Jews.\nA Walk Through the City\nBy Arija Lejb Margolis, Tel-Aviv\nIn the eastern part of Poland, in Mazowsze, lies our town Ostrowa, whose name became Ostrów Mazowiecka. The city is surrounded by forests, depended upon for the past five hundred years. Back when people began to inhabit the city, there was one large forest that extended for many kilometers. Now roads stretch in many directions. First of all there is the highway from Warszawa which cuts through Radzymin, Wyszków, then goes through Ostrowa and continues on to Zambrów, Bialystok, Grodno, Wilno and as far as Peterburg [St. Petersburg].\nEntering the city, off to the right, is the road to the village of Brok on the “Bug” and on the left stretches the road to Goworowo, Rózan-Maków-Pultusk.\nContinuing through the city via the market, ahead on the right is the road to the railroad station Malkinia Górna, 15 kilometers from Ostrowa. On the left stretches the road over to Komorowo village - 3 kilometers from Ostrowa, which continues to Ostroleka and as far as the German border.\nThe highway then goes over to Zambrów (30 kilometers from Ostrowa), to various other villages and on to Bialystok.\nFrom ulica Ostrolecka turn off to ulica Lubiejewska (once called ulica Kosa) which is the road to the railroad station Siedlce-Lomza (which is located three kilometers from the city) and then the road over to Sniadowo and on to Lomza, fifty kilometers from Ostrowa.\nAround Ostrowa are the small villages Wasewo, Poreba, Czerwin, Nur, Sterdyn, Brok, Dlugosiodlo, Andrzejewo, Zareby Koscielne and Czyzewo; whose merchants buy and sell in Ostrowa, the same as in scores of Prince's estates such as Biel, Ligiawe, Trynosy, and Kalinowo. There are also hundreds of large and small villages from which the peasants bring their products to sell and then to buy the goods they need for their farms and homes. The market was held every Monday and Thursday; once a month (Monday) was the Monthly Fair; four times a year – there was what people called the “Year-Fair”.\nThe grain trade was a major industry, as there were several steam-mills; the main one being the large mill “automat”. Also the lumber trade played a major role in our livelihood. There were two large sawmills: one belonged to Zelman Jozef Nutkiewicz and the other to the family of the late Hirszel Tejtel. Forestry was important. But in Poland the wood was sent to foreign countries to become various materials. Grain and wood actually were the two main industries providing employment in the city.\nIn the centre of the city lies the old marketplace where the City Hall now stands, built 1925 to 1927, in the Kraków style with a tower and a clock on all four sides. The City Hall was used for town council sessions. The city committee (subordinate to the town council) which managed the city affairs met there as well. The town council and committee were chosen every five years.\nIn former times, before the First World War (1914 -1918), Jews had no influence over decisions made at City Hall. The city President managed the city himself, asking nothing of anyone and in charge of everybody. The Jews struggled to pay high taxes and had no say in the matter.\nTejtel family sawmill\nFrom right: Michal Tejtel, A.D. Pokrzywa and Awigdor Tejtel\nDuring the German occupation, there was a small change for the better. There was a Jewish Vice-Mayor (Hirszel Tejtel) as well as some Jewish officials (Icchok Morgensztern, Kaplański and others).\nDuring the era of Russian rule, Shamas Natan Zelig and Shamas Hirszel Balbier - called “szkolnik” [Polish, “teacher”], were often at City Hall as they registered the marriage and birth acts in the municipal record books. And at times the books were not in order. Some births had not been registered, or had been registered late. Later these irregularities created confusion when boys were asked to report to the military committee (conscription). Since the names in the register were not correct, the committee was not always able to determine who should report for the draft. An “expert” at doing this was Shamas Hirszel.\nAround the four sides of the marketplace stood low wooden houses, in ones and twos. All the businesses in the market, wholesale and retail, were Jewish: food, iron, fashion goods, leather, haberdashery, kerosene, paint, food products - a to z.; as it had been for hundreds of years.\nIn the last years between the two world wars, the Christians had already opened businesses in the city. The Christian owners competed with the Jews, not by lowering prices, but by inciting the Christian population to boycott the Jewish merchants.\nThe entire life of the city was concentrated around the old marketplace. The streets branching off from the market were: Warszawer, 3go Maja, Pułtuska, Nurski, Malkińska, Solna, Jatkowa and the streets that joined with ulica Ostrołęcka to Komorowo.\nStreets run between the wooden houses, here and there a brick house, straight and crooked, the length and breadth of the entire city as far as the fields, forests and highways which connect with other cities and villages. Narrow and wide streets connect street with street in the city itself.\nThe Jewish quarter exists first from the Old Market (as far back as the uprising in Poland named “Plac Kzienznej Anny Mazowieckiej”) and also the streets: Warszawska, Brokowska, Chausée Brokowska, Miodowa, Pułtuska, Rożanska, Koza (or Mieckiewicz), Jagielońska, Nurski, Solna, Ostrołęcka, Jatkowa and Batorego. Mixed streets were ulica 3go Maja, Malkińska, Pocztowa, Kosciuszki Alley, Ugniewska, Cmentarza, Lubiejewska and the Piaskes. Clean gentile streets were away from the centre– around the outskirts of the city, with their own gardens and orchards.\nWarszawska Street\nulica 3go Maja\nPocztowa Street\nAt each of the corners (four) of the marketplace there was a water-pump (four in all) where people went to get “hard” water for use in the house and for livestock. The pumps squeaked and groaned each time the curved handle went up. In winter there was usually a pile of ice around the pumps that hampered access. Often the water carrier had to put down burning pieces of wood to melt the ice.\n“Soft water” or “tea water” from the wodoczong [water pump] was also available at the old market. The water carrier used to deliver water from house to house. Crazy Icchok carried water for many years. He believed that he was an Emperor with his own militia (In summer when the military would leave the city to go on maneuvers, he deserted his pails and went off with the military, carrying a pack on his shoulder like a rifle. The officers already knew him and did not interfere). Szepsel wasertreger [water carrier] was also popular. Later, a fire hut [fire station] was put up near the wodoczong. (In 1925 during the building of the city hall, the wodoczong and the fire hut were removed).\nBesides being large and small wood and grain merchants, Jews were: buyers, sellers, re-sellers, brokers, wagon drivers, porters, craftsmen and old clothes peddlers at the fairs here in town and away from home.\nThe “rulers” of the small market were the fish, fruit and vegetable merchants, for whom the housewives would tremble with fear and if not careful were taken in “by their big mouths”. During the winter, the merchants' wives wore warm coats, padded with soft cotton, sat on top of the stalls, kegs and baskets with a pot of glowing coals between their knees to stay warm.\nFish was delivered in wooden “berths” and fruits in small wooden barrels or round, deep baskets. Spread out over the wooden stalls were red and yellow cherries, green gooseberries, rosy red-berries, plums of all kinds, large apples, pears, black radish, red radish, yellow carrots, onions, beets, fruits and vegetables - all to delight the eye with cool, fresh produce. The small market was full, even in the weeks before the arrival of Yontef.\nThe streets were paved with round fieldstones (cobblestones), pressed together and wild grass grew between the stones.\nIn latter years, along Warszawska (later Pilsudskiego) and 3go Maja (formerly Przedmieszcze) there were sidewalks made of cement slabs only on one side of the street. In the lanes there were none; only a deep gutter where a gully, divided by pointed stones, kept the rainwater in the gutter. Young boys took off their boots and socks and waded in the water, which froze in winter\nTwo young, heder boys\nand became a slide. Trees were found only on the Christian streets. The Jewish shtetl consisted of a lot of wooden houses, a few brick houses [covered with stucco], narrow lanes, open courtyards used as public access to get from street to street, narrow footpaths and inner courtyards. They told about a poor, unassuming, but respectful life; a partnership between house and house, courtyard and courtyard. Despite their forlorn appearance, every street had its own way of life, local colour and history.\nStanding between Warszawska and Brokowska highways, at the Russian Orthodox Church, is a water pump; opposite the water pump is the white brick house of the Jewish doctor Kliaczke (during Word War One, 1914-1918 he was exiled to Russia), which was later used by the cultural society and public library.\nOn the other side of the Orthodox Church was the Promenade Garden (that the Poles called Napoleon Square) During the day the children played there and at night - couples in love.\nOn Sunday the bells from the Orthodox Church called people to prayer. From the other corner of the city, on ulica 3go Maja, the Catholic Church did the same and they competed with each other to see which would overpower the other with their bim-bom, bim-bom.\nA new era arrived. The Poles took some land from the Orthodox Church and added it to the promenade-garden.\nFurther along ulica Warszawska, past the brewery was the sadzawka. Who does not remember the sadzawka from childhood, the natural pond where children caught small fish. Also, during the summer, the elders would rest in the shade of the beautiful trees and in winter, there were skaters on the frozen pond.\nPast the sadzawka is the house of Abram Icchok Frejman. He supplied meat to the Polish military in Komorowo and other towns.\nNext to it - the home of the big lumber merchant, Jozef Froimowicz, partner in his father-in-law's sawmill. Opposite right - the building of the Governor in Ostrowa - and its garden - one of the prettiest in the city. Only the garden separated the 2 roads: the one on the right, the Warszawska Highway, via Wyszków and Radzymin. The forest runs the entire length of the road. There one rented summer cottages and also strolled; on the left - the highway to Brok, ten kilometers from Ostrowa. The entire road - full of woods where most people strolled and on Shabes the poor craftsmen and workers came to rest with their families. These woods could tell many tales from the romantic era.\nOstrow-Mazowiecka, Poland Yizkor Book Project JewishGen Home Page\nThis web page created by Lance Ackerfeld\nUpdated 3 Jul 2010 by LA","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line484051"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8332740068435669,"wiki_prob":0.8332740068435669,"text":"Local Taxi Info\nWelcome to the Miami Taxi Fare Finder. This page will calculate your cab fare using Miami, FL taxi rates. To begin, enter your travel information in the fields below the map.\nAdd $2.00 from Port of Miami\nAdd $1.55 from Miami airport\nZone rates available\n$27.00 between Airport and Seaport\nMIA ↔ Port of Miami $27.00\nCentral Cabs (305) 532-5555\nYellow Cab no. 965 (305) 281-7392\nSuper Yellow Cabs (305) 888-7777\nYellow Cabs (305) 444-4444\nYellow Cab Southwest (305) 266-7799\nMiami Yellow Cab (305) 400-0000\nHow much does a taxi cab cost from Port of Miami - Dodge Island, Miami, Florida 33132, United States to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States in Miami, FL?\nor select a point of interest… Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL) Miami Convention Center Miami International Airport (MIA) Port of Miami Doral Golf Resort & Spa Four Seasons Hotel Miami Hyatt Regency Miami JW Marriott Miami Mandarin Oriental Marriott's Villas at Doral Sonesta Hotel Coconut Grove Historic Virginia Key Beach Park Miami Metrozoo Miami Seaquarium Museum of Contemporary Art Jackson Memorial Hospital University of Miami Front Porch Cafe Timo Versailles Restaurant American Airlines Arena Hard Rock Stadium Coconut Grove Coral Gables Little Havana Miami Beach (Ocean Drive) Overtown South Beach (Lincoln Road) Fort Lauderdale\nPopular Taxi Fare Estimates for Miami, FL\nPort of Miami to Miami International Airport (MIA): $31.79\nFort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL) to Miami International Airport (MIA): $73.73\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL): $74.44\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Miami Beach (Ocean Drive): $37.38\nPort of Miami to Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL): $72.62\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to South Beach (Lincoln Road): $39.49\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Brickell, Miami, Florida 33130, United States: $31.46\nSouth Beach (Lincoln Road) to Port of Miami: $23.30\nFort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL) to Miami Beach (Ocean Drive): $76.83\nHollywood, Florida, United States to Miami Beach, Miami, Florida 33125, United States: $54.58\nFort Lauderdale, Florida, United States to Miami Flight Service Station - KTMB Kendall Tamiami Executive Airport, 14301 SW 128th St, Miami, Florida 33186, United States: $119.63\nFort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL) to South Beach (Lincoln Road): $76.02\nHoliday Inn Port Of Miami-Downtown, 340 Biscayne Blvd, Miami, Florida 33132, United States to Port of Miami: $10.13\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States to Collins Avenue, Miami Beach, Florida 33139, United States: $45.91\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Hyatt Regency Miami: $28.05\nFort Lauderdale, Florida, United States to Miami Beach, Miami, Florida 33125, United States: $72.23\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Port of Miami: $33.14\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to JW Marriott Miami: $30.61\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), 100 Terminal Dr, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33315, United States of America: $74.31\nFort Lauderdale, Florida, United States to The Ritz-Carlton, 1 Lincoln Rd, Miami Beach, Florida 33139, United States: $80.39\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States to Fontainebleau Miami Beach, 4441 Collins Ave, Miami Beach, Florida 33140, United States: $37.88\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Port Of Miami - Carnival Cruise, Terminal D - 1435 North Cruise Boulevard, Port of Miami, Miami, FL 33132, Miami, Florida, 33132, United States of America: $31.93\nPort of Miami to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States: $31.82\nFort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), 100 Terminal Dr, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315, United States to 1109 Brickell Avenue, Miami, Florida 33131, United States: $70.85\nFort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL) to Port of Miami: $73.41\n153 Northwest 6th Street, Miami, Florida 33125, United States to 151 Southeast 15th Road, Miami, Florida 33129, United States: $11.28\nPort Everglades, SE 19th Ave., Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33316, United States to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America: $77.38\nFort Lauderdale Cruise Terminal, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33316, United States to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America: $76.19\nPort of Miami to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), 100 Terminal Dr, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315, United States: $72.57\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Holiday Inn Port Of Miami-Downtown, 340 Biscayne Blvd, Miami, Florida 33132, United States: $28.07\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Four Seasons Hotel Miami: $33.82\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to 550 Southeast 6th Street, Hialeah, Florida 33010, United States: $15.76\n620 E Las Olas Blvd, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301, United States to Port Everglades, SE 19th Ave., Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33316, United States: $16.11\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Fort Lauderdale: $80.94\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States to The Ritz-Carlton, 1 Lincoln Rd, Miami Beach, Florida 33139, United States: $40.41\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Boca Raton, Florida, United States: $122.41\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), 100 Terminal Dr, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315, United States: $74.31\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States to Sawgrass Mills, Sunrise, Florida 33323, United States: $89.69\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Provident Doral at the Blue, 5300 NW 87th Ave, Doral, Florida 33178, United States: $31.63\nFort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), 100 Terminal Dr, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33315, United States to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida 33122, United States: $73.76\nFort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL), 100 Terminal Dr, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33315, United States of America to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America: $73.76\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Islamorada, Florida, United States: $197.87\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Miami Marriott Biscayne Bay, 1633 N Bayshore Dr, Miami, Florida, 33132, United States of America: $27.87\nHyatt Regency Miami to Port of Miami: $11.42\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to Miami, Florida, United States: $27.85\nPort of Miami, Miami, Florida 33132, United States to Coral Gables, Florida, United States: $34.61\nPort of Miami Terminal C, Miami, Florida, 33132, United States of America to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America: $31.44\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Port of Miami, Miami, Florida 33132, United States: $32.45\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Fontainebleau Miami Beach, 4441 Collins Ave, Miami Beach, Florida, 33140, United States of America: $37.67\nAventura Mall, 19501 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, Florida 33180, United States to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America: $53.61\nHilton Miami Airport, 5101 Blue Lagoon Dr, Miami, Florida 33126, United States to Miami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America: $17.39\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Pompano Beach, Florida, United States: $97.47\nMiami, Florida 33122, United States to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States: $80.94\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to 2889 Mcfarlane Road, Miami, Florida 33133, United States: $28.59\nMiami International Airport (MIA) to 4628 Ocean Drive, Lauderdale By The Sea, Florida 33308, United States: $96.52\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Port of Miami Terminal C, Miami, Florida, 33132, United States of America: $32.07\nMiami International Airport (MIA), 2100 NW 42nd Ave, Miami, Florida, 33122, United States of America to Hotel YVE Miami, 146 Biscayne Blvd, Miami, Florida, 33132, United States of America: $28.34\nNorth Cruise Boulevard, Miami, Florida 33132, United States to Brickell City Centre, 701 S Miami Ave, Miami, Florida, 33130, United States of America: $16.15","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line525497"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9827255010604858,"wiki_prob":0.9827255010604858,"text":"Sebastian Rotella is a senior reporter at ProPublica. An award-winning foreign correspondent and investigative reporter, he worked for almost 23 years for the Los Angeles Times before joining ProPublica in 2010. He covers international security issues including terrorism, intelligence, organized crime, human rights and migration. His reporting has taken him across the Americas and Europe, and to the Middle East, South Asia and North Africa.\nIn 2020, Sebastian was part of the ProPublica team whose coverage of the pandemic and the CDC was named a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for public service. The Association of Health Care Journalists gave that coverage the Award for Excellence in Health Care Journalism in the investigative category.\nIn 2016, he was co-writer and correspondent for Terror in Europe, a Frontline documentary that was a finalist for the Investigative Reporters and Editors broadcast/video award. In 2013, his Finding Oscar investigation with This American Life won a Peabody Award, a Dart Center Award, and two awards from the Overseas Press Club. In 2012, he was recognized with Italy’s Urbino Press Award for excellence in American journalism. His A Perfect Terrorist investigation of the Mumbai attacks (with Frontline) was nominated for an Emmy, and the online version of the story got an Overseas Press Club Award in 2011.\nIn 2006, he was named a Pulitzer finalist for international reporting for his L.A. Times coverage of terrorism and Muslim communities in Europe, which won the German Marshall Fund’s senior award for excellence in European reporting. He was part of a team whose coverage of al-Qaida received an Overseas Press Club award and finalist honors for Harvard University’s Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting in 2002. In 2001, he won Columbia University’s Maria Moors Cabot Prize for his career coverage of Latin America. His work in Latin America also won honors from the Overseas Press Club, Inter-American Press Association and the American Society of Newspaper Editors.\nAt the L.A. Times, Sebastian served as a correspondent at the Mexican border, in South America and in Europe. His border reporting inspired two songs on Bruce Springsteen’s album The Ghost of Tom Joad (1995).\nSebastian is the author of three novels: Rip Crew (2018), The Convert’s Song (2014), and Triple Crossing (2011).He is also the author of Twilight on the Line: Underworlds and Politics at the U.S.-Mexico Border (1998). He speaks Spanish, French and Italian. He is a graduate of the University of Michigan, studied at the University of Barcelona, and was born in Chicago.\nSaudi Fugitives Accused of Serious Crimes Get Help to Flee While U.S. Officials Look the Other Way\nThe FBI, Department of Homeland Security and other agencies have known for years that Saudi diplomats were helping Saudi fugitives. But Washington avoided even raising the problem out of concern that it might hurt Saudi cooperation in the fight against terrorism.\nApril 26, 2019, 5 a.m. EDT\nDespite Trump’s Tough Talk About Migrant Smugglers, He’s Undercut Efforts to Stop Them\nICE has shifted manpower and money away from more complex investigations to support the administration’s push to arrest, detain and deport undocumented immigrants.\nFeb. 21, 2019, 5 a.m. EST\nA pesar de sus duras palabras contra traficantes de migrantes, Trump ha socavado esfuerzos para frenarles\nICE ha transferido personal y dinero de investigaciones más complejas para respaldar la campaña de la administración de arrestar, encarcelar y deportar a los inmigrantes ilegales.\nTrump Takes a Tougher Line on Pakistan, but the 2008 Mumbai Attack Goes Unpunished\nAlthough the administration’s policy shift has raised hopes, a Pakistani intelligence officer and others indicted in the killings of 166 people remain at large. Critics say the Pakistani government protects them.\nNov. 26, 2018, 5 a.m. EST\nEl extraño caso de los diplomáticos estadounidenses en Cuba: el misterio se intensifica y las divisiones en Washington también\nFuncionarios de la administración Trump insisten que los americanos fueron atacados, aunque las pruebas no aparecen. “La cosa de Cuba es uno de los pocos misterios no resueltos que tenemos,” dijo un oficial.\nNov. 9, 2018, 11:35 a.m. EST\nThe Strange Case of American Diplomats in Cuba: As the Mystery Deepens, So Do Divisions in Washington\nTrump officials insist the Americans were attacked, even as the evidence fails to materialize. “The Cuba thing is one of the few unsolved mysteries we’ve got,” an official said.\nNov. 9, 2018, 5 a.m. EST\nThe U.S. Considered Declaring Russia a State Sponsor of Terror, Then Dropped It\nAfter an attack on a former spy, the State Department pondered placing that label on Putin’s government. Instead, the Trump administration continued a longtime U.S. policy of treating Russia as a partner in fighting terrorism even as evidence of its misbehavior mounts.\nMay 21, 2018, 1:41 p.m. EDT\nJohn Bolton Skewed Intelligence, Say People Who Worked With Him\nFormer colleagues say the next national security adviser — whose job is to marshal information and present it to the president fairly — resists input that doesn’t fit his biases and retaliates against people he disagrees with.\nMarch 30, 2018, 5 a.m. EDT\nState Department Likely to Extend Cuts to U.S. Embassy in Cuba\nSix months after the State Department pulled most of its diplomats from Havana because of mysterious incidents that injured 24 Americans, the Trump administration is poised to make the reductions permanent. The decision could affect U.S. intelligence, Cuban migration and support for Cuban human rights advocates.\nMarch 1, 2018, 5 p.m. EST\nEl sonido y la furia: Dentro del misterio de la embajada de La Habana\nMás de un año después de que diplomáticos americanos empezaron a sufrir extraños síntomas en Cuba, la investigación no ha logrado determinar cómo fueron lesionados ni por quien, y el FBI y la CIA difieren sobre el caso. Una investigación de ProPublica revela las muchas capas del misterio — y las maniobras políticas que están transformando las relaciones entre EE.UU. y Cuba.\nFeb. 14, 2018, 12:46 p.m. EST\nThe Sound and the Fury: Inside the Mystery of the Havana Embassy\nMore than a year after American diplomats began to suffer strange, concussion-like symptoms in Cuba, a U.S. investigation is no closer to determining how they were hurt or by whom, and the FBI and CIA are at odds over the case. A ProPublica investigation reveals the many layers to the mystery — and the political maneuvering that is reshaping U.S.-Cuba relations.\nRussian Politician Who Reportedly Sent Millions to NRA Has Long History in Spain\nSpanish authorities were poised to arrest Alexander Torshin in a money-laundering case in 2013 when he mysteriously canceled his trip to Spain.\nJan. 19, 2018, 5:01 p.m. EST\nA Gangster Place in the Sun: How Spain’s Fight Against the Mob Revealed Russian Power Networks\nNov. 10, 2017, 10 a.m. EST\nTruck Terror Attacks May Be a Sign of ISIS Weakness, But They’re Very Hard to Stop\nAs ISIS loses territory on the battlefield, U.S. counterterror officials have been bracing for the sort of lone-actor vehicle assault that left eight people dead yesterday in lower Manhattan. The question that lingers for all of the world’s major cities is what more can be done to protect against such attacks.\nNov. 1, 2017, 3:54 p.m. EDT\nRussia’s Shadow-War in a Wary Europe\nFears of Russian meddling in a French vote reflect an overt and covert influence campaign.\nApril 4, 2017, 8 a.m. EDT\nFormer ‘Border Czar’ Gives Real Facts About Immigration\nAlan Bersin says a border wall won’t address the real challenges confronting the U.S. border enforcement system: hopelessly understaffed immigration courts and lawlessness and poverty in Central America.\nFormer Intelligence Official: Trump Conflict With Spy Agencies Creates ‘Dangerous Moment’\nMatthew Olsen, a senior national security official in both Democratic and Republican administrations, says the ongoing conflict between President-elect Trump and the U.S. intelligence community poses grave risks.\nJan. 16, 2017, 8:59 a.m. EST\nFederal Agents Arrest a Former Guatemalan Soldier Charged With Massacring Civilians\nThe Maryland resident has been linked to a 1982 attack on the village of Dos Erres in Guatemala that led to the deaths of about 250 children, women and unarmed men.\nU.S. Identifies ISIS Planner in Attacks on Europe\nState Department sanctions a former soldier in the French Foreign Legion as a senior plotter as French authorities roll up an ISIS network said to be planning new attacks.\nNov. 22, 2016, 12:05 p.m. EST\nU.S. Identifies Key Player in ISIS Attacks on Europe\nAmerican officials say the investigation of the assaults on Paris and Brussels has led them to a shadowy Moroccan militant who was raised in Southern France and now lives in Syria.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1806657"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8506852388381958,"wiki_prob":0.8506852388381958,"text":"1LT Francis Noel Barbarin\nBrooklyn, Kings County (Brooklyn), New York, USA\nGeorgetown, District of Columbia, District of Columbia, USA\nWashington, District of Columbia, District of Columbia, USA\nAmphitheater, Lot 137 East. Unmarked burial.\nAge 81 years, 9 months, 16 days. Buried March 1, 1883.\n14th Annual Reunion Of The Association Of The Graduates Of The United States Military Academy, At West Point, New York, June 12, 1883, Courier Printing Co., East Saginaw, Michigan, 1883.\nFrancis N. Barbarin\nNo. 237. Class of 1820.\nDied February 28, 1883, at Georgetown, District of Columbia, aged 82.\nFrancis Noel Barbarin was born in Brooklyn, New York on the 12th of May 1801 and died in Georgetown, D.C., on the 28th of February 883, being in his 82d year.\nHe entered the Military Academy at West Point as a cadet March 1815 and graduating in 1820 was commissioned in the Artillery Corps in 1821.\nHis death leaves but one survivor to the class to which he belonged.\nIn 1829 he was married to Miss S.M. Totten, sister of Joseph G. Totten, Chief of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army.\nAfter serving in the Army for sixteen years at Arsenals and Posts, as Assistant Instructor of Infantry Tactics at West Point and as Assistant Commissary of Subsistence, he resigned his commission as First Lieutenant in the United States Artillery Corps and was for some time engaged as a Civil Engineer in the construction of Railroads in North Carolina, of which his friend, Major Walter Gwynn, a graduate of the class of 1822, was Chief Engineer. On January 10, 1845, he was appointed Chief Clerk in the Office of the Chief of Engineers, United States Army, discharging the duties of that officer until 1871, when declining years rendered them too arduous for his performance and he was placed in immediate charge of one of the important branches of the office, which position he filled up to the time of his death, his clear, unimpaired mind and vigorous memory combining to render his services specially valuable. He was a man of exemplary character, of affable and courteous manners and during his long service in office he had the confidence of the several chiefs of the Bureau and their associates and the esteem of his fellow clerks. Always blessed with remarkable health, he was rarely absent from his post of duty and his death was caused by a severe cold contracted the last day he spent at his office, which, resulting in an attack of pneumonia, proved fatal on the third day and he passed to his rest as gently and peacefully as he had always lived.\nHe was buried from the Chapel of Oak Hill Cemetery, D.C. and in that beautiful home of the dead he sleeps with the beloved wife who had preceded him but a few years.\nCullum's Register of Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy\nAppointed from New York.\nMilitary History: Cadet at the Military Academy March 1, 1815 to July 1, 1820, when he was graduated and promoted in the Army to Third Lieutenant, Ordnance, July 1, 1820. Served on Ordnance duty July 1, 1820 to August 20, 1822; in garrison at Fort Moultrie, South Carolina 1822‑1824 and Fort Monroe, Virginia (Artillery School for Practice), 1824‑1826; at the Military Academy, as Assistant Instructor of Infantry Tactics January 19 to April 20, 1826; on Ordnance duty, April 20, 1826 to November 2, 1827; in garrison at Fort Wolcott, Rhode Island 1827‑1833 and on Ordnance duty January 1, 1834 to September 16, 1836. Resigned, September 16, 1836.\nSecond Lieutenant, 3d Artillery, in Re-organization of Army June 1, 1821 to rank from July 1, 1820.\nFirst Lieutenant, 3d Artillery, February 28, 1827.\nCivil History: Civil Engineer in Virginia and North Carolina, 1836‑1840. Chief Clerk of United States Engineer Department, 1845‑1871 and Clerk, 1871‑1883. Died February 28, 1883, at Georgetown, D.C. Aged 82. Buried Oak Hill Cemetery, Washington, D.C.\nSally Markoe Totten Barbarin\nFrancis Sinclair Barbarin\nCatalina Barbarin\nMary Curtis Barbarin Laub\nSee more Barbarin memorials in:\nCreated by: SLGMSD\nFind a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29472045/francis-noel-barbarin : accessed ), memorial page for 1LT Francis Noel Barbarin (12 May 1801–28 Feb 1883), Find a Grave Memorial ID 29472045, citing Oak Hill Cemetery, Washington, District of Columbia, District of Columbia, USA ; Maintained by SLGMSD (contributor 46825959) .\nAdd Photos for 1LT Francis Noel Barbarin\nFulfill Photo Request for 1LT Francis Noel Barbarin\nyour computer for 1LT Francis Noel Barbarin memorial.\nI thought you might like to see a memorial for 1LT Francis Noel Barbarin I found on Findagrave.com.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line773249"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9568108916282654,"wiki_prob":0.9568108916282654,"text":"Maryland accused of race discrimination over scrapping of Baltimore rail project\nGovernor Larry Hogan faces a civil rights lawsuit after axing plans for a light rail line serving African American areas and switching funds to roads in the suburbs\nBaltimore has remained radically segregated in practice, if not in law, to the present day. Photograph: Alamy\nBaynard Woods in Baltimore\n@baynardwoods\nWed 23 Dec 2015 09.51 EST\nLast modified on Tue 21 Aug 2018 08.57 EDT\nCivil rights groups are alleging Maryland violated federal discrimination laws when it canceled plans for a long-considered Baltimore transit line that would have benefited predominantly African American neighborhoods.\nEyewitness: Baltimore, USA\nIn a Title VI civil rights complaint filed this week against Maryland, the NAACP Legal Defense Fund (LDF) charges that the decision by the Republican governor, Larry Hogan, to eliminate the plans for an east-west light rail line in Baltimore – and transfer the state funds slated for it to road projects in largely white suburban and rural parts of the state – discriminates against the city’s black residents.\n“Maryland’s cancellation of the Red Line is the latest chapter in a long history of racially discriminatory decisions regarding the allocation of transportation and housing resources in the state,” said the complaint, filed with the US Department of Transportation on behalf of a coalition of civil rights groups and the African American residents of Baltimore.\nA transportation economist cited in the complaint found that the switch from a subway line to the new highways initiative would cost African Americans $19m in user benefits by 2030, while white Maryland residents will gain more than $35m in user benefits during that period.\nMickey Martin, a middle-aged African American man waiting for a bus as cars streamed by near the Lexington Market, the city’s hub for public transportation, said he did not know if it was discriminatory or not, because he does not own a car and has no idea how the other half lives.\nFor his part, Martin, who no longer works, said he spends around 14 hours a week on the city’s buses, making at least two transfers to make it out to Edmundson Ave, one of the areas the new light rail line would have reached.\n“It sucks,” said Amy Johnson, who was waiting on the bus to return home from her job at the University of Maryland hospital, of the city’s public transportation.\nBaltimore’s bus system functions so poorly that, last week, the city offered a $100k forgivable loan to the online retail giant Amazon, which opened a warehouse in the area, to fund shuttles because the bus system “does not provide access to where the jobs are available now”, a spokesperson for the Baltimore Development Corp told the Baltimore Sun. “From some parts of the city, the commute to some areas where there are jobs can be as long as 90 minutes each way.”\nEach day the city’s single existing light rail line is packed with people commuting south towards low-paying jobs at the BWI airport – the line’s final stop.\nProponents of the proposed light rail line, called the Red Line, believed it would similarly allow many of the city’s impoverished African Americans to reach jobs they would not otherwise be able to take.\n“The lack of mobility, long commuter times, have critical implications for families in Baltimore,” said Sherrilyn Ifill, president and director-counsel for LDF. “We regard the cancellation of the Red Line as a critically important moment that must be addressed and must be engaged.”\nJohn Waters on Baltimore\nThe federal government had already promised $900m for the project before Hogan announced in June that his administration would scrap the plan – and forfeit the federal funds.\n“I never thought, ever, in my closing year in the US Senate, I would see a letter saying the Baltimore region rejects $900m in federal investment,” Senator Barbara Mikulski said at the time.\nA history of transportation discrimination\nThough the press conference announcing the complaint put it in the context of the economic and social conditions that caused unrest after the death of Freddie Gray in April, the complaint makes it clear that discriminatory transportation is nothing new in Baltimore.\n“Maryland, including the City of Baltimore, has exhibited a preference for its white residents over its African American residents in highway construction decisions since at least the 1930s,” the complaint reads.\nIn the 1960s, “government officials devised new expressway proposals, all of which planned to use at least a portion of the predominantly African-American Franklin-Mulberry corridor in Baltimore’s Harlem Park neighborhood,” the complaint reads. “As a result, Harlem Park residents stopped investing in their homes, and the neighborhood became filled with deteriorating and abandoned buildings.”\nHarlem Park neighbors Sandtown-Winchester, where Freddie Gray grew up and was arrested in, and they are often grouped together in studies.\nThe city long had strict race-based housing covenants and the practice of blockbusting, where real estate speculators would exploit white fear of black neighbors to get them to sell at artificially low prices, kept the city radically segregated in practice, if not in law, until the present day.\nWhen the light rail system was first proposed in 1965, residents of predominantly white areas surrounding the city, such as Anne Arundel County, objected, complaining that “that the Metro would enable poor, inner-city blacks to travel to the suburbs, steal residents’ TVs and then return to their ghettos in Baltimore”.\nJust last year, nearby Carroll County introduced a “Mass Transit Protection Resolution”, intended to keep public transportation riders from Baltimore out.\nMany saw it as emblematic that shortly after the governor announced that he would reallocate transportation funds, his administration released a transit map that did not include Baltimore City at all.\n“Literally took #Baltimore off the map. Just gone. Lots of #Maryland-ers not apart of infrastructure improvements,” Ben Krimmel tweeted in a typical reaction at the time.\nAntero Pietila, the author of Not in My Neighborhood: How Bigotry Shaped a Great American City, said that the city has always struggled with east-west transportation and that various plans to build highways that cut through the center of the city have “created lots of damage to the urban fabric of the city without solving any of the transportation problems”.\n“This case is about the Red Line but it’s also about so much more than just the construction of the Red Line,” Ajmel Quereshi, assistant counsel for LDF, said. “It’s about the 50 years that went into consideration.”\nGovernor Hogan, who has announced a $135m overhaul of the city’s bus lines as a replacement for the Red Line, said through a spokesperson that the complaint has “zero credibility or legal standing” and characterized it as “nothing more than a press release”.\nThe Hogan administration rejected the plan partly because of a tunnel – estimated to cost $1bn – that would cut through Baltimore.\nLost opportunity\nAccording to the complaint, the Red Line would not only enable many of the city’s African American residents to reach new jobs, it would bring jobs to them.\n“Strong transit connections to West Side neighborhoods would attract economic development, and many areas along the Red Line route were rezoned for mixed-use, transit-oriented development in anticipation of the Line’s construction,” the complaint reads.\nThe complaint also alleges the loss of up to 10,000 construction jobs, in a city whose unemployment rate is over 7%, two percentage points higher than the rest of the state.\nAnd, unlike many construction jobs, the complaint alleges, these jobs would not all be temporary. “As part of the construction process, training was to be provided to local adults and students at the Edmondson-Westside high school so that they would be qualified for jobs in construction, maintenance, and operations of the transit line,” the complaint states.\nBut some who agree with the complaint’s allegations of discrimination are not necessarily fans of the light rail as it was planned.\n“If you want to see the reality of a light rail system in Baltimore take a train from Hunt Valley to BWI airport and time it. And it will take you about an hour and a half,” said Pietila, a former Baltimore Sun reporter who was born in Finland where he said he has experienced truly convenient public transportation. “When we turn from the light rail to the Red Line as proposed, I wonder how popular it would be. If it isn’t frequent and fast people wouldn’t want to use it.”\nAt the press conference, the complainants said that while they “certainly would like the Red Line to get reinvigorated”, the issue of taking funds from predominantly African American areas and investing it in predominantly white areas is the larger problem.\n“Most of that money can be reinvested in Baltimore where it belongs,” Ifill said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line957854"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6181257367134094,"wiki_prob":0.3818742632865906,"text":"Pennington NJ Traffic Ticket Attorney\nTraffic Violations in the Borough of Pennington\nIn a case that received press several years ago, a lawyer from Pennington was driving his girlfriend in his BMW SUV. The two were having a dispute, and at one point, the woman fell from the car and onto the street. She later died from her injuries. The Pennington lawyer had been drinking and was charged with driving while intoxicated (DWI). While it was unclear whether there was foul play on the part of the lawyer in the woman’s accident, the one thing that was certain is that the lawyer was now facing a DWI charge. If you were recently charged with a traffic violation, from a minor moving violation to a DWI, you should be represented in court. Even with minor offenses, an experienced attorney has many tools available to help you possibly get the charge dismissed. And with something as serious as a DWI, it is vital that you have representation. We are The Law Offices of Jonathan F. Marshall. We specialize in handling traffic charges for our clients in Pennington and throughout Mercer County. Call us at (609) 683-8102 for a free initial consultation. We are available 24/7 to speak with you.\nGet Traffic Ticket Offenses Dismissed In Pennington\nThe Marshall Firm handles all types of traffic violations in Pennington Municipal Court, including:\nBlocking Traffic\nDriving While Suspended\nDriving While Intoxicated (DWI)\nLet’s discuss the more common offenses that occur in the Pennington area.\nDriving With A Suspended License. Driving while suspended is a very serious offense. A conviction for a first offense will result in a $500 fine and an added 6 months of license suspension. A second conviction will result in a mandatory jail sentence of 1 to 5 days, plus a $750 fine, and another 6 months without driving privileges. A third conviction results in a 10-day jail sentence and a $1,000 fine. What happens if you are involved in a car accident while driving with a suspended license? It is a 45-day jail term, even if the accident was not your fault.\nDriving While Intoxicated (DWI). DWI is not considered a criminal offense in this State, which means that you do not have the right to a trial by jury for a DWI in New Jersey. That said, the punishment can still be significant. A conviction for a first offense results in a 1-year license suspension. A second conviction is a 2-year suspension, and a third conviction is a 10-year suspension. Further, a third DWI conviction means the judge must impose a jail sentence.\nThe Law Offices of Jonathan F. Marshall have a leg up on other attorneys specifically with regard to DWI offenses. Not only have Marshall attorneys successfully helped many clients charged with DWI, but also our attorneys have specialized training in the sobriety test procedures employed in DWI cases.\nPennington Traffic Ticket Lawyers Can Help You Beat Your Traffic Tickets\nTraffic offenses in New Jersey have consequences beyond monetary penalties. Some offenses may even result in jail time. Given that you most likely need a car to go to work and support yourself, do not go it alone in court when you have been charged with a traffic offense. The lawyers at The Law Offices of Jonathan F. Marshall are here to assist you. The first consultation is free, so call our Lawrenceville office at (609) 683-8102.\nPennington NJ Traffic Ticket Attorney | Mercer County Criminal Lawyers","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1214653"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.587299644947052,"wiki_prob":0.587299644947052,"text":"Feast on Fido? Pyongyang serves dog ‘sweet meat’\nDog meat is eaten in Asia. South Korea, mindful of criticism attached to eating dogs in the West, has made the practice more discreet and better regulated,but isolated North Korea attaches no public stigma to consuming the meat.\n“Let's see by a show of hands, who won't be having sweet meat? Five? We're going then.”\nWith that quick vote, it was decided that a delegation of 21 South Koreans visiting Pyongyang this month for a conference would be having an extravagant lunch where every one of the eight courses would be a dog meat delicacy.\n“A once-in-a-lifetime experience!” a North Korean official chaperoning the group said enthusiastically.\nWhile South Korea, mindful of its overseas image and the criticism attached in the West to eating dogs, has made the practice more discreet and better regulated, isolated North Korea attaches no public stigma to consuming the meat.\nDog meat restaurants in the South are usually back-alley fare catering to middle-aged men. In the North, dog meat has become a celebrated part of the culture served at its best dining halls to the few in the impoverished state who can afford it.\nDog meat is eaten in other countries in Asia, including Vietnam. In South Korea, “boshin-tang” which translates as \"health preserving soup\" is usually braised meat, stewed in a spicy broth and served with steamed rice. But marinated ribs, as found in North Korea, are rare.\nIn the North's capital, the recipe calls for less spice, presumably to highlight the natural flavor of the ingredients, and a variety of cuts are served for a leisurely meal accompanied by rice wine.\nDefectors in the South said Korean cuisine, which varies according to region, undergoes further change in the North because there is less money for elaborate spices and ingredients. This means food is simpler in the North, the taste is lighter and little is wasted.\nSweet and soft\nThe pungent odor of dog meat is far more noticeable in the North's cuisine with its fewer spices, leading a few uneasy Southerners to forego the feast. They were instead served a set that included chicken, fish, shrimp and vegetables.\n“You want to go easy at first, or else, near the end, you won't have any room left,” said Shim Jae-hwan, a human rights attorney from Seoul who was part of the South Korean delegation dining at the Pyongyang Sweet Meat Restaurant.\nFollowing a bowl of clear broth for a starter, an impressive roast was served, its texture soft and sweet as it easily tore from a 15-cm (6-inch) segment of the vertebra.\nThen came an assortment of meat in a variety of sauces, one more exotic than the next, and the meal ends with a hearty bowl of spicy soup and rice.\nThe North's reclusive leader Kim Jong-il is said to be a fan of dog meat, and state media said he often offers advice on how the dish should be prepared, such as: “To get the broth right, the meat should be cooked with its skin intact.”\nTogether with restaurant Okryu-kwan, which seats nearly 10,000 people a day and is known for Pyongyang's trademark dish of cold noodles, the Pyongyang Sweet Meat Restaurant has become a popular spot among the North's elite and visitors from the South.\nThe restaurant near the Taedong River in central Pyongyang can accommodate more than 2,000 people a day and manager Pak Song-suk boasts all the meat comes from home-grown canine.\n“Sweet meat is considered the best remedy when the appetite is low because of hot weather or fatigue,” a feature article in the North's official Rodong Sinmun newspaper said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1009351"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5195976495742798,"wiki_prob":0.4804023504257202,"text":"Russia. Masks. Vaccinations.\nA story in the Telegraph overnight should have had the market moving\nA story in the Telegraph overnight should have had the market moving, but has been largely ignored so far… They’re writing that the government’s ‘central working assumption’ is that there will not be a deal done with the EU ahead of the end of the year and that we’ll be trading with each other on WTO terms thereafter. The latest round of face to face talks end tomorrow and with nothing likely to be agreed upon, it means Boris will also have missed his target of getting something across the line before the end of July. The news of this being the government’s working assumption is disappointing on the one hand, but on the other it means that at least the next few months can be spent preparing as best as we can for whatever disruption this brings.\nAdditionally, the FT is reporting that the government has given up hope of getting a deal done with the US ahead of the presidential election in November -perhaps no bad thing given who’s in charge.\nThe long awaited release of a report on Russia’s possibly interference into UK politics was finally over, yesterday. The report highlights that Russia did try and influence the outcome of Scotland’s independence referendum, but was unable to determine if they got involved in the Brexit vote. The committee behind the report has urged the UK intelligence services to carry out their own investigation into whether or not the Kremlin were involved and publish an unclassified summary of it. This report was fairly damning of Russia and said that they consider the UK “one of its top intelligence targets”. It also talks about London being open for business in welcoming oligarchs and their vast wealth, whilst asking very little questions over the origin of the funds. The report raises as many questions as it answers, its just a shame it took a year for the government to publish it! Reuters has some more detail and the Times is reporting that Boris will hand more powers to security services to stop this happening again – though he’s confident that Russia didn’t interfere in the Brexit referendum.\nClinical trials of the Oxford covid vaccine are going well and early indications are positive that it creates a strong immune response. This has led them to cautiously predict that it could be rolled out by the end of the year. A 10,000 subject strong trial is now underway and there are plans for a larger 30,000 person trial to get underway shortly.\nYesterday’s New York Times Daily podcast was focused on the possible uptake of a vaccine in the US and their public health reporter believes that as many as 50% of Americans wouldn’t want to get vaccinated. They cite issues such as anti-vaccers with a lot of influence, fear over the pace at which it has been developed and therefore the unknown long term side effects and also the concern that Trump would be the one to effectively sign it off as reasons why people wouldn’t volunteer to get it. Creating herd immunity through vaccination would require about an 85% vaccination rate and at 50% would mean that the virus would hang around potentially for years to come.\nTrump has changed his tune and held his first covid briefing for three months. The president now recommends the wearing of face masks and taking social distancing measures, saying that doing so is being patriotic. He’s also warned that things are likely to get worse before they get better. His remarks come as the virus continues to grow and Dr Faucci warned senators that 100,000 people per day could become infected if things carried on as they are. The cynic in us thinks this might have as much to do with Trump’s polling numbers as it does public health, which are universally lower than Biden’s by enough margin to lose the election.\nIn Europe: Getting the bailout package across the line pushed the euro higher across the board. The combination of loans and grants was signed off in conjunction with the first post-Brexit EU budget and lays down a seven year funding plan for the bloc, putting it in a good place for a strong recovery. Getting this across the line was seen as a key test of the Euro project, however it’s not entirely a done deal that funds will be distributed as planned, as countries applying for grants will have to submit detailed recovery plans that will be reviewed by all member states. Additionally, Europe has had to sacrifice a couple of its high ideals to get the deal done, watering down clauses to ‘respect the rule of law’, at the insistence of Poland and Hungary – the latter of which is working towards a dictatorship within EU. Poland also got a break from having to work towards stringent climate change targets – a relief for them as their industrial economy is heavily dependent on coal fired power stations, but a big setback in the EU’s world leading climate change combat agenda.\nLooking to today: The data sheets are quite light, but we do get a live Q&A from Christine Lagarde, run by the Washington Post. We’ll also see a lot of US energy inventory data, which will have an impact on the oil market. The last set of numbers showed a much larger than forecast inventory build, which put the brakes on crude’s gains of late.\nLastly, it’s worth keeping an eye on the gold and silver markets, which are close to recent highs. The build in positions could be a pre-emptive flight to safety.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line543334"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6741379499435425,"wiki_prob":0.6741379499435425,"text":"13 Mexican police officers murdered by suspected cartel gunmen in bloody ambush\nMexico-A group of armed gunmen believed to be part of a powerful drug cartel in Mexico ambushed a police convoy in the western state of Michoacan, killing at least 13 officers and wounding nine.\nSome 42 state police officers had gone to the township of Aguililla on Monday to enforce a judicial order when they were met with more than 30 gunmen believed to be from the Jalisco New Generation, one of Mexico’s most powerful cartels at the moment.\nOfficials said the gunmen opened fire on the police convoy with .50 caliber sniper rifles and AR-15 and AK-47 assault-style rifles.\nAt least 13 officers were killed, some of their bodies still inside the patrol trucks when the vehicles were set afire.\n“No attack on the police will go unpunished, and this was a cowardly, devious attack because they laid an ambush in this area of the road,” Gov. Silvano Aureoles said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1494837"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5320373773574829,"wiki_prob":0.5320373773574829,"text":"Οικοσελίδα » Ειδήσεις » Κυπριακή Οικονομία » Επιχειρήσεις » The Government invests in the human capital of the country\nThe Government invests in the human capital of the country\nCyprus President Nicos Anastasiades said Tuesday that the Government aims to invest in the country`s human capital and create a modern labor market with well-trained human resources that can effectively respond to the ever-changing conditions and growing challenges and demands of the modern economy, in his speech at the 29th Pancyprian Congress of SEK trade union. The speech was delivered on behalf of the President by the Minister of Finance Constantinos Petrides.\nThe President said that in the last years the Government has put special emphasis on the protection of workers` rights and the deepening of institutionalized social protection. He also referred to the future actions of the government in that context.\nAmong them is the completion of the social dialogue for the introduction of the minimum wage, based on the studies that have already been prepared by the Ministry of Labour with the support of the European Commission and the International Labor Office.\nFurthermore, he referred to the revision of the Social Security System and the relevant Legislation, with the aim, of simplifying the Legislation for the benefit of the citizens and strengthening the coverage of the self-employed and workers with new forms of employment.\nHe also referred to the promotion of a pension reform for equitable pensions for all.\nThe President also spoke of an assessment of the current situation in the Social Security Services in relation to the organization and procedures and the study of good practices of other European countries. He said there would be a redesign and simplification of the procedures of the Social Security Services and training of the staff, for the digital transformation of the Social Security Services.\nAt the same time, he said ensuring that jobs provide good wages is essential to ensuring adequate working and living conditions, building a fair and resilient economy and supporting inclusive growth.\nThe President also praised the positive contribution of SEK in managing the pandemic crisis.\n“The conditions created by the pandemic temporarily stopped a five-year course of extremely positive progress in the field of employment. Between 2015 and 2019, 72,118 new jobs were created, a net increase in the number of employees of 20.9%\", he noted\nHe added that through the cooperation with the social partners it was possible to significantly mitigate the effects of the pandemic, by providing support to the majority of employees in the private sector and the self-employed, but also to the unemployed by extending the unemployment benefit for an additional 18 months, in addition to 6 months of unemployment from the Social Insurance Fund.\nAccording to the President, support for employees, the self-employed and the unemployed to maintain their incomes and jobs has been extended to more than 210,000 people and amounted to more than 760 million euros from March 2020 until today, which brings the Republic of Cyprus in the second place out of the 27 countries of the European Union in percentage of workers that were supported during the pandemic. He also referred to the support of companies with one-off sponsorships for their operating expenses over 160 million euros, in addition to any other sponsorships and support they have received from the state.\n\"As a result of the efforts of all, but also of the targeted moves of the Government, from the second quarter of 2021 the economy records again positive growth rates while unemployment follows a significant downward trend reaching according to the latest data to 5.2% which is the lowest level since 2009.,\" the President said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line382134"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.839426577091217,"wiki_prob":0.839426577091217,"text":"Patsy Cline, Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard among 2020 Grammy Hall of Fame inductees\nJan 14, 2020 @ 2:00pm\nABC/Image Group LAMultiple country stars will have their recordings inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame this year.\nThe Recording Academy announced today that 26 recordings will added to the Grammy Hall of Fame, which preserves prominent songs of historical significance that are at least 25 years old.\nAmong the 2020 selections are Patsy Cline‘s “Walkin’ After Midnight,” which became her breakthrough single after its 1957 release, reaching number two on the Billboard country chart. Also on the list is Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard‘s collaboration on “Pancho and Lefty,” the title track of their acclaimed 1983 album.\nOther country inductees include “I’ll Fly Away” by country gospel group The Chuck Wagon Gang, one of the top-selling gospel songs in history, plus the Allman Brothers Band album Eat a Peach, and “I’m a Man of Constant Sorrow” by The Stanley Brothers & The Clinch Mountain Boys.\nNancy Sinatra‘s “These Boots Are Made for Walkin,’” “Oh Mary Don’t You Weep” by gospel act Swan Silverstones, and “How Can a Poor Man Stand Such Times and Live” by Blind Alfred Reed, who recorded during the famous Bristol Sessions in 1927, will also be inducted.\nElton John, Neil Diamond and Joni Mitchell are among the many other multi-genre acts whose work will be inducted into the Hall of Fame this year.\n963KLLL Country News KLLL Lubbock","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1086894"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9127498269081116,"wiki_prob":0.9127498269081116,"text":"The Campaign Report – January 5, 2020\nWashington Post: “After a year of campaigning, and with less than a month to go before the first and therefore most important single contest in the Democratic nomination fight, few if any are confident of the outcome. At least four candidates are seen as having a shot to win Iowa, or, alternatively, to suffer a crippling result that could hobble their campaigns going forward, especially if there is a late surge by a lower-tier contender.”\n“The result is a hotly contested sprint to the Feb. 3 caucuses — a struggle that could either propel a clear winner into the next-voting states with momentum or open a months-long fight for the delegates needed to secure the party’s presidential nomination. Unlike past primaries, several of the top candidates are expected to have the financial resources and dedicated fan base to wage long campaigns even if they finish in the middle of the pack in Iowa.”\nThe moderate middle is a myth. https://t.co/IeNXUXvBWu\n— FiveThirtyEight (@FiveThirtyEight) January 5, 2020\nJoe Biden lit into President Trump’s tweeting about the possibility of retaliating against Iran Saturday night, calling it “incredibly dangerous and irresponsible,” Politico reports. Biden accused Trump of taking reckless action as “the walls close in on this guy.”\nThe Washington Post reviews Donald Trump Jr.’s new book, Triggered, and notes it “fails as memoir and as polemic.”\n“Its analysis is facile, its hypocrisy relentless, its self-awareness marginal. (The writing is wretched, even by the standards of political vanity projects.) But the point of Triggered is not autobiographical, literary or analytic, and it should not be read or evaluated on such grounds. Rather, the book is most useful as a preview of a possible Donald Trump Jr. 2024 presidential campaign, the contours of which grow clearer the deeper one wades into these pages.”\nA new SurveyMonkey poll of Republican voters finds two children of President Trump — Don Jr. and Ivanka — as two of the top four picks for president in five years. The other two are Mike Pence and Nikki Haley.\nProgressives have called the former vice president naive for his goal of bringing Republicans and Democrats together. But that’s a big reason his supporters love him, writes @elainejgodfrey. https://t.co/axOU6OWlJY\n— The Atlantic (@TheAtlantic) January 5, 2020\nAndrew Yang will launch a write-in campaign in Ohio after a “bureaucratic paperwork issue” prevented him from appearing on the presidential primary ballot, The Hill reports.\nPresident Trump took aim at Pete Buttigieg at a rally in a Miami megachurch, claiming the the Democratic candidate was faking his faith ahead of the election. Said Trump: “All of a sudden, he’s become very religions… this happened about two weeks ago.” Of course, he also made fun of Buttigieg’s last name.\nDemocratic hopefuls respond to Trump's war-mongering https://t.co/fUj1SW1L5f\n— Joan McCarter (@joanmccarter) January 3, 2020\nPolitico: “Sliding steadily in the polls and battling a narrative that he couldn’t endure the kind of rigorous campaign schedule Iowans demand, Joe Biden’s Iowa prospects were just about written off earlier this fall. Even his own campaign began to downplay expectations.”\n“But with 31 days left before the Feb. 3 caucuses, Biden has managed to turn his fortunes around.”\n“He launched a successful, eight-day bus tour through rural Iowa last month that sparked an uptick in volunteers, precinct captain requests and caucus commitments. He doubled his fundraising in the last quarter, allowing him to flood the state’s airwaves with ads.”\nPlaybook: “Joe Biden is cycling three new ads into his $4 million Iowa ad buy. It’s a six-figure buy that will run in the Des Moines, Cedar Rapids, Quad Cities and Sioux City media markets.”\n“The first ad is Soul, which reiterates Biden’s message that the fabric of American society will change if Trump has another four years in office. Integrity has testimonials from people about Biden’s character. They also have a 15-second spot, Enough which has a Des Moines firefighter praising Biden.”\nRep. Phil Roe (R-TN) announced Friday that he will not seek reelection, The Hill reports.\nNew York Times: “The morning after the Democrats’ last debate in December, the Democratic National Committee announced the thresholds to qualify for the next one, scheduled for Jan. 14 in Des Moines: 5 percent support in four qualifying polls, or 7 percent in two early-state polls. With those steeper requirements in place, just five candidates have qualified so far: Joe Biden, Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, Pete Buttigieg and Amy Klobuchar.”\n“Those who haven’t made the cut are getting angry about relying on the results of public polling — when no polls that count have been released since the last debate, on Dec. 19.”\n“If any of the lower-tier candidates got a boost from that last debate, there have been no qualifying polls to reflect it. With just one week to go before the Jan. 10 qualification deadline, there’s been no way for Andrew Yang or Tom Steyer — who are on the fringe of making the debate stage — or anyone else (like Cory Booker, who needs a lot of help) to secure a spot.”\nSanders has an early edge establishing himself as the primary's anti-war candidate. https://t.co/Gfgceb9dEJ\n— Sarah Jones (@onesarahjones) January 4, 2020\nPresident Trump rallied his evangelical Christian base of supporters on Friday, portraying himself as the restorer of faith in the public square and claiming that God is “on our side,” the New York Times reports.\nSaid Trump: “Evangelical Christians of every denomination and believers of every faith have never had a greater champion, not even close, in the White House, than you have right now. We’ve done things that nobody thought was possible. Together we’re not only defending our constitutional rights. We’re also defending religion itself, which is under siege.”\nJoe Biden has a unique electoral advantage — but it may prove less beneficial than it appears today. @EricLevitz writes https://t.co/S4cBUjvpZq\n— Intelligencer (@intelligencer) January 4, 2020\nAmy McGrath (D) raised $6.2 million for her U.S. Senate campaign in the fourth quarter of 2019, “marking another impressive fundraising quarter even as she faces grumbling from some progressive Democrats in Kentucky,” the Lexington Herald Leader reports.\n“The money McGrath raised in the final three months of 2019 brings her total to $16.9 million, just $2 million shy of what former Secretary of State Alison Lundergan Grimes raised in her bid against U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell in 2014. McGrath’s campaign said it has $9.1 million on hand.”\n'There’s obviously a lot of energy out there': Democratic donations surge heading into 2020 https://t.co/fwhEVHoMHg\n— Daily Kos (@dailykos) January 3, 2020\nJonathan Bernstein: “The end of Julian Castro’s presidential campaign on Thursday offered another opportunity to complain about the nomination process, and plenty of pundits have been doing just that. After all, Castro has more relevant experience than South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg, who remains a contender, and he’s far more qualified than entrepreneur Andrew Yang or activist Tom Steyer, both of whom scored invitations to the November and December debates. Castro’s final debate was in October.”\n“But while I’m a Castro fan (I live in San Antonio, where he was once mayor), it’s hard for me to see any legitimate complaints about the process in this case. I’d agree that Castro in some sense deserved to be one of the remaining candidates, but presidential elections aren’t really about what candidates deserve. Castro had his chance, and for whatever reason he failed to attract much support. He was going nowhere in the polls, both nationally and in the early states, and he ended up at only 1% in Nevada, where plenty of Latino voters joined white Democrats in Iowa and New Hampshire in ignoring him.”\nWinning office is a necessary step, but figuring out what to do once you’re in power—how to translate electoral wins into policy action—is an entirely different game. https://t.co/cOJI397CR9\n— The New Republic (@newrepublic) January 4, 2020\n“President Trump’s 2020 election strategy relies largely on the white, working-class base that he excited in 2016. But he faces a demographic challenge: The electorate has changed since he was last on the ballot in ways likely to benefit Democrats,” the Wall Street Journal reports.\n“Working-class, white voters are projected to decline by 2.3 percentage points nationally as a share of eligible voters, compared with the last election, because they are older and therefore dying at a faster rate than are Democratic groups. As those voters pass on, they are most likely to be replaced by those from minority groups or young, white voters with college degrees—groups that lean Democratic.”\n“That means Mr. Trump will have to coax more votes from a shrinking base—or else find more votes in other parts of the electorate.”\nSen. Elizabeth Warren raised $21.2 million for her presidential campaign in the fourth quarter of 2019, “a slight dip from the previous quarter and behind three of her top rivals for the Democratic nomination,” the New York Times reports.\nSen. Amy Klobuchar raised $11.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2019, “a sum that was more than twice what she collected during the prior three months but still left her no better than sixth in fund-raising for the last three months among Democrats running for president,” the New York Times reports.\n0 comments on “The Campaign Report – January 5, 2020”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line763208"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.862034797668457,"wiki_prob":0.862034797668457,"text":"Luke Campbell: I will beat Vasiliy Lomachenko\nLuke Campbell thinks that he’ll have come out victorious against WBA/WBO lightweight champion Vasiliy Lomachenko on August 31 in London, UK. The 31-year-old Campbell is a big underdog in this fight and many expect him to lose in the same fashion as fellow countryman Anthony Crolla. Campbell will have the fans on his side, but that may not be enough for him to win, reports Boxing 24.\nLomchenko destroyed Crolla in four rounds last April in Los Angeles, California. Former WBA 135 pound champion Crolla (34-7-3, 13 KOs) took a frightful beating before the fight was halted with him lying bleeding and battered on the canvas.\nCampbell (20-2, 16 KOs) fighting for a world title for the second time in his six-year pro career, and he’s hoping to have better luck in the scoring than he did when challenge Jorge Linares for his WBA lightweight title in September 2017.\n“They all get beat in the end, don’t they? Sooner or later. I believe I will beat him. I’m fighting the elite of the elite. “I’m confident in the 19 years that I’ve put into this sport, always being disciplined,” said Campbell to skysports.com.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1460843"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8662148118019104,"wiki_prob":0.8662148118019104,"text":"Home›Motion Picture›More than 100 members of Congress call on Hollywood producers to come up with a fair deal at IATSE – deadline\nMore than 100 members of Congress call on Hollywood producers to come up with a fair deal at IATSE – deadline\nMore than 100 Democrats in the House and Senate and independent Bernie Sanders signed a letter urging the Alliance of Film and Television Producers to negotiate a fair contract with IATSE, saying: “We are united in our belief the importance of decent wages, sustainable benefits and reasonable rest periods between shifts and during the working day ”- three of the union’s fundamental demands.\nThe letter was signed by 31 senators and 87 representatives and sent to AMPTP president Carol Lombardini.\nUnion members begin voting on leave to strike on Friday ahead of what could be the last round of negotiations before a strike that would end film and television productions across the country.\nIATSE to Hollywood media giants: “You are going to change the way you do business”\nPoliticians also reminded Lombardini that workers in the industry “risked their health and safety” during the pandemic, and that “the entertainment you jointly produce is helping to heal our nation.”\nHere is their letter:\nDear Madame Lombardini:\nAs the elected representatives of the voters who make a living working behind the scenes in film and television production, we urge you to negotiate fair succession contracts with the International Alliance of Theater Stage Employees (IATSE). We support the principles of adequate sleep, meal breaks and a living wage for all workers.\nThese workers have risked their health and safety over the past year, working during the Covid-19 pandemic to ensure that the film and television production industry is left intact. Production has now returned to pre-pandemic levels, in large part thanks to the critical role these workers play in the creative process. The entertainment that you jointly produce helps heal our nation.\nThe contract under negotiation covers around 60,000 film and television production workers across the country. Failure to reach a deal would threaten not only the livelihoods of these workers, but also their family members who depend on work in your industry, sending shock waves throughout the U.S. economy and industry.\nThe key issues in this negotiation, as we understand them, concern the dignity of workers and basic human needs. We are united in our belief in the importance of a living wage, sustainable benefits and reasonable rest periods between shifts and during the work day.\nIt appears that IATSE members are mobilizing for a nationwide strike authorization vote on October 1, 2021, due to the announcement that AMPTP has no plans to make a counter-offer. A strike would seriously disrupt the industry, the economy and the communities we represent. We hope that the two sides can negotiate in good faith and reach a consensual agreement, which obliges both sides to continue to participate in the ongoing negotiations.\nWe call on AMPTP to negotiate with these workers to achieve a fair contract and meet the basic human needs that will allow them to do their jobs in safety and with dignity.\nTruly,\nThe letter-writing campaign was led by Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.) And Senator Alex Padilla (D-Calif.), Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (DN.Y.) and Whip of the Senate majority Dick Durbin (D-Ill.), and Sens. Tammy Baldwin (D-Minn.), Michael Bennet (D-Colo.), Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), Cory Booker (DN.J.), Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio), Ben Cardin (D-Md .), Bob Casey (D-Pa.), Catherine Cortez Masto (D-Nev.), Tammy Duckworth (D-Ill.), Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.), Kirsten Gillibrand (DN. Y.), Martin Heinrich (DN.M.), Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.), Mazie Hirono (D-Hawaii), Ben Ray Luján (DN.M.), Ed Markey (D-Mass.), Bob Menendez (DN.J .), Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), Jon Ossoff (D-Ga.), Jack Reed (DR.I.), Jacky Rosen (D-Nev.), Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.), Jeanne Shaheen (DN.H.), Tina Smith (D-Minn.), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), Reverend Raphael Warnock (D-Ga.), Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), And Ron Wyden ( Golden.).\nThe letter is also signed by Democratic Representatives Pete Aguilar (California), Cynthia Axne (Iowa), Nanette Diaz Barragan (California), Karen Bass (California), Earl Blumenauer (Oregon), Suzanne Bonamici (Oregon), Brendan Boyle (Pa .), Julia Brownley (Calif.), Tony Cárdenas (Calif.), André Carson (Ind.), Troy Carter (La.), Judy Chu (California), David Cicilline (RI), Bonnie Watson Coleman (NJ), J. Luis Correa (California), Angie Craig (Minn.), Charlie Crist (Florida), Danny K. Davis (Illinois), Madeleine Dean (Pa.), Val Demings (Fla.), Theodore Deutch (Florida), Debbie Dingell (Michigan), Anna G. Eshoo (California), Adriano Espaillat (NY), Bill Foster (Illinois), Jesús García (Illinois), Jimmy Gomez (Calif.), Jahana Hayes (Connecticut), Steven Horsford (Nev.) , Hakeem Jeffries (NY), Henry C. “Hank” Johnson Jr. (Ga.), Mondaire Jones (NY), Robin L. Kelly (Illinois), Daniel Kildee (Michigan), Andy Kim (NJ), Raja Krishnamoorthi ( Illinois), Ann Kuster (NH), Conor Lamb (Pa.), John B. Larson (Connecticut), Brenda L. Lawrence (Mich. ), Barbara Lee (California), Susie Lee (Nev.), Teresa Leger Fernandez (NM), Andy Levin (Mich.), Ted Lieu (California), Zoe Lofgren (California), Alan Lowenthal (California), Stephen F. Lynch (Mass.), Carolyn Maloney (NY)), Tom Malinowski (NJ), Betty McCollum (Minn.), James P. McGovern (Mass.), Grace Meng (NY), Kweisi Mfume (Md.), Joseph D Morelle (NY), Jerrold Nadler (NY), Grace Napolitano (California), Joe Neguse (Colo.), Marie Newman (Illinois), Donald Norcross (NJ), Eleanor Norton (DC), Scott H. Peters (California) , Charlie Pingree (Maine), Mark Pocan (Wis.), Katie Porter (California), Mike Quigley (Illinois), Jamie Raskin (Md.), Kathleen M. Rice (NY), Deborah K. Ross (NC), Bobby L. Rush (Ill.), Linda Sánchez (California), Mary Gay Scanlon (Pa.), Janice Schakowsky (Ill.), Brad Sherman (California), Bradley Scott Schneider (Ill.), Mikie Sherrill (NJ), Darren Soto (Fla.), Melanie Stansbury (NM), Haley M. Stevens (Mich.), Thomas Suozzi (NY), Dina Titus (Nev.), Rashida Tlaib (Mich. .), Norma Torres (California), David J. Trone (Md.), Juan Vargas (California), Peter Welch (Vermont), Susan Wild (Pa.) And Frederica S. Wilson (Florida).\nJohn J. Rigas, cable TV mogul who ...\nThe Academy Museum is here, movie fans ...\nHow toxic aggregates form and kill brain cells in prion disease\nIN THE HEIGHTS (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is captivating and beautiful\nSony says there is a plan for Spider-Man to connect to their spin-offs\nDozens of other pirate IPTV and streaming domains in the sights * TorrentFreak\nRichard Donner, director of “Superman”, “Lethal Weapon” and “Goonies”, deceased at 91\nAmazon Prime Day Deals on Tech and Movies\nEvangelion creator Hideaki Anno teases his movie Shin Kamen Rider\nI’m a little less clueless now: Saif Ali Khan on his evolution in cinema and in life","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line86225"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8371824622154236,"wiki_prob":0.8371824622154236,"text":"Outriders Album\nMax Wickert Short Curriculum Vitae\nMy Life in Brief\nI was born in 1938 in Augsburg, Germany, the eldest and only boy of five children. My father was an artist who supported himself by working as a teacher and later in life, as an industrial designer. My mother was trained as a concert singer who chose not to pursue a career in order to devote herself to her family. Toward the end of World War II, I entered grade school in a small village where my family was evacuated after a bombing raid. By 1949, I was back in Augsburg and entered the gymnasium where my father taught art.\nWhen I was 14, my family immigrated to the U.S. and settled in Rochester, N.Y. I finished high school there and went on to college at St. Bonaventure University and to graduate school at Yale.\nAfter a brief spell on the faculty of Nazareth College in Rochester, I joined the English Department at SUNY/Buffalo, where I taught until my retirement. In the course of my career, I produced a handful of scholarly and critical essays (Spenser and Shakespeare, modern East Germany poetry, and early opera), but worked chiefly as a teacher of undergraduate literature courses and as a poet/translator. (During the late ‘60s and early ‘70s I was also fairly embroiled in anti-war and civil rights protests.) I began seriously working in poetry when I arrived in Buffalo, at a time when the campus was buzzing with literary activity. (John Logan, John Barth, Robert Creeley, Lionel Abel, Raymond Federman, Dwight MacDonald and Leslie Fiedler were all on the faculty).\nMy first substantial collection of poems, Pat Sonnets, appeared in 2000. Along the way, I also produced a chapbook, All the Weight of the Still Midnight (Outriders, 1972; 2nd. ed. 2013) and two self-published monographs. A new volume, No Cartoons, was published in 2011. Over the years, almost 200 of my poems appeared in journals including American Poetry Review, Chicago Review, Poetry, Sewanee Review, and Shenandoah. My short story, “The Scythe of Saturn” was among the winning entries in the first annual Stand Magazine International Short Story Competition in Newcastle-on-Tyne (England).\nFrom 1966 onward, I have also been active as a translator, at first principally of poetry from German, especially the Austrian expressionist, Georg Trakl. I also translated into German (in collaboration with Hubert Kulterer) Tulli Kupferberg’s 1001 Ways to Live without Working. This appeared in Vienna (Austria) in 1971 and has recently been reissued in Germany. I have also been a frequent regional poetry administrator, as a charter member of Niagara-Erie Writers, a regional writers' collective; and as director of several summer poetry festivals, including one at Artpark in Lewiston, N.Y. I have been Director of the Outriders Poetry Project since 1969. I ran it as a reading series between 1969 and 1980 and relaunched it as a small press in 2009. My most recent contribution to the press was as compiler and editor of An Outriders Anthology.\nDuring the late 1980s and early 1990s I spent a series of happy summers in Perugia learning Italian, and eventually began to translate from that language. The Liberation of Jerusalem, my version of Torquato Tasso’s epic, Gerusalemme liberata, was brought out in 2009 by Oxford University Press. It was followed by my verse translation of Love Poems for Lucrezia Benadidia (the First Book of Tasso's Rime), published by Italica Press in 2011. In recent years, I completed the first English translation of Andrea da Barberino’s The Royal House of France . I am now working on a version of Tasso’s first epic, Rinaldo.\nBy my first marriage, I have a daughter who works as a therapist with troubled teens in Massachusetts. I retired from teaching in 2005, and married my second wife, Katka Hammond, in 2006. We live in Buffalo's pleasant West Side. For further details about me, please consult my Wikipedia profile. The dry career facts can be found in my Curriculum Vitae.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line486175"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6710498929023743,"wiki_prob":0.6710498929023743,"text":"Montréal 2013 - GP Preview - Caterham Renault\nAlexander Rossi, driving FP1 at the 2013 Canadian Grand Prix: \"After Monaco I was home in the States for the first time since January, preparing for my FP1 session at the Canadian GP, and then for the start of my Le Mans work straight after Montreal! Looking back, Monaco wasn’t a great weekend for us in GP2 with Caterham Racing, but we’ll bounce back at Silverstone. We know the areas that we need to improve the situation.\n\"Returning to F1 action is obviously another important step in the plan I’ve worked over a decade for and I take all the opportunities I get very seriously. This will be my first outing in the CT03 and on the 2013 Pirelli tyres in F1 and it’s good that my 2013 F1 debut is on North American soil, in front of a crowd who are seriously passionate about F1 and really know what our sport is all about. I’ve raced and won in Montreal back in Formula BMW and I enjoy the circuit a lot - it will be a special feeling to play an active role in the race weekend with the team.\n\"Even though FP1 sessions always seem to be over in the blink of an eye, it’ll be good to play an important part in the team’s work on track. I was last in an F1 car in the CT02 2012 car in Abu Dhabi, last November for the young driver test so I’m looking forward to see how far the car has progressed since then. This year for the F1 team I’ve done aero testing, simulation work and I drove at the team’s filming day, so this will be a good session for me to use what I learnt about the car in the sim and the aero tests as a comparison to help the team progress this weekend. It will be all about working to the run plan for the session and helping the team set the car up for the race drivers for the rest of the weekend.\n\"I leave Montreal on Friday evening, straight after FP2 and head back to Europe for the first Le Mans sessions. That’s another boxed ticked on my list of things for my CV. It’s great to be taking part in one of the great races with a team that’s already been successful in endurance racing, and to help a bunch of Caterham guys I already know well. Like F1, my aim in the first few days with the Le Mans team will be to learn as much I can and build up to the performance, adding value where it counts. It’s a huge honour to be able to take part and it’s something I’ll remember for ever, but first my main priority is F1.\"\nCharles Pic: \"Straight after Monaco it’s on to another French speaking race as we go to Montreal for the Canadian Grand Prix. Last year was my first time racing in Canada and I have to say it was one of the best races of the year, maybe not so much for the final result but for the atmosphere on track which was really good. We go to a few races where the track is full of fans from Thursday morning, and Montreal is one of those. I guess having Jacques and Gilles Villeneuve as locals to have supported in the past means F1 is very special to fans in Montreal, but whatever the reasons, they love F1!\n\"On track it’s a very good challenge. It’s a semi-street circuit, with the barriers very close for most of the lap, and it’s a very technical circuit. The track surface is smooth and on Friday morning there’s very little grip. It does evolve over the weekend but it’s still hard on tyres all weekend so managing deg levels is going to be even more important than normal. It’s also very hard on brakes - there’s a couple of very heavy braking zones and you need to be able to really attack those to get the best laptime in, so we’ll also be working a lot in the practice sessions on maximising braking stability and, depending on what the weather does, brake cooling.\n\"You also need to be able to attack the kerbs, both to maintain speed and to save time, so that’ll be another area we’ll look at in FP1 and FP2, making sure we can really hit the kerbs hard without losing stability and balance. If you get all that right it’s a very satisfying feeling when you get to the end of the lap as it’s quick, a lap that feels really good in an F1 car!\"\nGiedo van der Garde: \"Next up it’s Canada, a track I’ve never raced at but one I went to last year with Caterham as Reserve Driver. I sat in on all the briefings and debriefs last year so I have quite a bit of information about what it’s going to be like from 2012, and I’ve spent quite a bit of time on my sim at home trying the track, but you obviously don’t really know what it’s like until you drive around it, but it will only take a couple of laps to get used to it.\n\"What I do remember from last year was how hardcore the fans are in Montreal! We have a couple of big North American sponsors, so the team had a lot of guests in the paddock and in the grandstands, but I remember that from early on Thursday morning the whole place was packed! In the city itself it was the same - there’s one street where the whole place is shut down for the race weekend and we had a team dinner there on the Saturday night. It was a fantastic atmosphere, a lot like it is at home in Holland for big sports events, so I felt really comfortable there and am excited about getting back, this time to race!\n\"On track I think it’ll be interesting to see where we are after Monaco. I was glad to bring the car home, but after the best Saturday of the year so far we obviously wanted to finish higher up. Even with that, there were some good signs in the race that we are making decent progress. Personally, for me it was another step in the learning curve, and for the team in general we saw that we’d fixed the rear wing issue we’d found in Barcelona, and had enough pace to get the car into Q2 and to record one of the fastest laps in the race in the early stages. Montreal is a medium to low downforce track and with the constant updates we’re making to the package we took to Spain, I think we could be ok.\"\nAdrian Sutil looks back on Monaco\nMassa, Maldonado to be fit for Canada","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1059817"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7072100639343262,"wiki_prob":0.7072100639343262,"text":"President Obama to appear at $33,400-per-couple…\nPresident Obama to appear at $33,400-per-couple breakfast fundraiser at Hollywood star’s home\nPresident Barack Obama reaches out to meet the crowd as he arrives at Los Angeles International Airport on Thursday, April 7, 2016. The president is in California for a number of fundraisers. (AP Photo/Damian Dovarganes)\nPresident Barack Obama and his daughter Malia arrive at LAX on Thursday, April 7, 2016. (AP Photo/Damian Dovarganes)\nBy City News Service | news@socalnews.com |\nPUBLISHED: April 8, 2016 at 9:28 a.m. | UPDATED: August 28, 2017 at 6:27 a.m.\nLOS ANGELES — President Barack Obama is set to conclude an approximately 17-hour visit to Los Angeles today by raising funds for the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee.\n• TRAFFIC: Avoid these streets on President Obama’s final day in LA\nThe breakfast roundtable fundraiser will be held at the Brentwood home of actor Tobey Maguire and his wife Jennifer, the entertainment trade newspaper Variety reported. Tickets are $33,400 per couple, according to Variety.\nThe price is based on the $33,400 maximum amount an individual can contribute to a national party committee in a year.\nObama delivered an approximately 15-minute speech Thursday night at a fundraiser for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee at the Bel Air home of Walt Disney Studios Chairman Alan Horn and his wife Cindy.\nObama criticized Senate Republicans for their refusal to hold hearings on his appointment of appeals court Judge Merrick Garland to the Supreme Court.\n“Our democracy only works if there is a respect and appreciation of the process of self-governance,” Obama said.\nObama also told the approximately 90 people at the fundraiser “not to be complacent” about the general election.\n“We can not be cynical because the stakes are too high,” Obama said.\nRobert A. Iger, the chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Co.; House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, D-San Francisco; the Oscar-winning actresses Gwyneth Paltrow and Julia Roberts and Julia Louis-Dreyfus, the Emmy-winning star of the HBO political comedy “Veep,” were among those attending the fundraiser.\nTickets started at $15,000 per couple that included a photo opportunity and dinner. A $66,800 ticket provided a couple dinner, admission to a VIP reception and photo opportunity.\nThe visit is Obama’s 25th to Los Angeles and Orange counties as president. He conducted fundraisers during 22 of his visits. Thursday’s fundraiser was Obama’s 40th in Los Angeles and Orange counties.\nObama is set to leave Los Angeles shortly after noon, bound for San Francisco where he will participate in fundraisers for the Democratic National Committee and Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee.\nCity News Service is a regional wire service covering Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside and San Diego counties. Its reporting and editing staff cover public safety, courts, local government and general assignment stories. Contact the City News Service newsroom at 310-481-0404 or news@socalnews.com.\nnews@socalnews.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1484278"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.532981276512146,"wiki_prob":0.532981276512146,"text":"What is a residence permit (ikamet)?\nForeign nationals that enter Turkey with a valid passport or a substitute document as a passport are allowed to stay in our country during the term of their visa or a of a visa exemption. However, foreign nationals that wish to stay longer than the term of their visa or visa exemption period are obliged to get a residence permit.\nWhen should you apply for a residence permit?\nForeign nationals that wish to get a residence permit must apply before their visa or visa exemption expires as of the date they enter in Turkey with their passport. Applications after expiration of their visa or visa exemption will not be accepted, and the foreign national will be asked to leave the country.\nWhere should you apply for a residence permit?\nResidence permit applications will be made to our representation offices abroad as of January 1, 2015. However, applications will be made to the police departments or immigration offices, if any, in turkey until the preparations are concluded by the representation offices.\nWhich documents are required for applying for a residence permit?\nForeign national that asks for a residence permit must have entered in the country with a proper visa or visa exemption, and the passport must have been sealed with the last date of entry.\nHow to extend the expired residence permit?\nForeign nationals that have a residence permit are obliged to have it extended in a timely fashion if they wish to stay longer in Turkey. Foreign nationals that ask for an extension should apply for an extension two months before the residence permit expires.\nForeign nationals that fail to have the residence permit extended in the prescribed time may be categorised as “runaways”, and asked to leave the country. However application by foreigner nationals that have a “reasonable” excuse may be accepted.\nWhat should be done in case the residence adress changes?\nForeign nationals that move to another province different from the province of residence permit must file an application in the new province latest in 20 business days for a new residence permit. If the type of residence permit remains unchanged, a new residence permit is issued only, without having to pay for fee a new.\nWhat should be done in case the residence permit is lost?\nIn case the residence permit is lost, stolen or worn out, it will be re-issued. Foreign nationals that get their residence permit lost go t the police department in place of residence, fill out a “lost property report”, and apply to the relevant institution that issued the residence permit as soon as possible. In this case, the price of the residence permit will be fully charged, and the fee will be charged in half.\nFor more information go to http://www.e-ikamet.com/en.\npreviousHealth Insurance for Foreign Nationals in Turkey\nnextBuying Property in Turkey Guide for Foreigners","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line331980"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6716313362121582,"wiki_prob":0.6716313362121582,"text":"To protect us all, babies travelling overseas may need the measles shot at 6 months instead of 12\nNicholas Wood, University of Sydney; Alexis Pillsbury, University of Sydney, and Jean Li-Kim-Moy, University of Sydney\nIf you’re going overseas with your little one, you can vaccinate them against measles early. But they’ll still need their regular jab when they turn one.\nThis year, we’ve seen a resurgence of measles around the globe. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recorded more than 230,000 cases in the first five months of 2019, compared to 160,000 in a similar period in 2018.\nAustralia has had 128 measles cases since the beginning of the year compared to a total of 103 cases for all of 2018.\nMeasles causes fever, cough and a rash. But it can also cause more serious illness and even death. Babies and people with weakened immune systems are at the greatest risk of complications.\nPrepare for a healthy holiday with this A-to-E guide\nThe best protection against measles is vaccination. Two doses of a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine has a success rate of more than 98%.\nUnder Australia’s National Immunisation Program, children receive two doses of MMR. The first dose is given at 12 months of age and a second dose at 18 months.\nBut given the rise of measles cases around the world, doctors are now calling for infants travelling overseas to be assessed by their GP to see whether they need the measles vaccine at six months.\nMeasles spreads easily\nMany adult Australians may not have received two doses of MMR vaccine, as only one dose was recommended before 1992 (a single dose is around 95% effective).\nUnvaccinated travellers to countries with a higher prevalence of measles can unknowingly bring measles back to Australia. Current measles hot spots include Israel, Thailand, Vietnam, Japan, Ukraine, Philippines and the United States (especially New York).\nPeople can catch up on their measles vaccinations at any age.\nFrom shutterstock.com\nMeasles is highly infectious. Once imported from overseas, it’s adept at seeking out and infecting the unvaccinated in a population.\nThe recent resurgence of measles has led experts to advise that people ensure they have had two lifetime doses of the MMR vaccine prior to travel.\nSix myths about vaccination – and why they’re wrong\nMums protect their babies in the beginning\nAs the first MMR vaccine is not given until 12 months of age, infant travellers who are too young to have received their first dose of MMR are particularly at risk of contracting measles.\nWe don’t routinely recommend MMR immunisation for infants younger than 12 months because of the presence of maternal antibodies. During pregnancy, antibodies which protect against many diseases, such as measles, whooping cough and influenza, are actively transferred through the placenta to the baby.\nMost mothers have antibodies to protect against measles either from receiving the MMR vaccine themselves during childhood or adolescence, or as a result of prior infection.\nBut during the first year of life, the antibodies protecting the baby naturally wane. The antibody levels are usually high enough in the first six months of life to protect against measles.\nOnce an infant reaches 12 months of age, the measles antibodies have usually sufficiently disappeared and can no longer provide protection. For this reason, we give the first dose of MMR vaccine at 12 months old.\nWhy people born between 1966 and 1994 are at greater risk of measles – and what to do about it\nChanging the recommendations\nMaternal antibodies can interfere with and reduce the response to an MMR vaccine given to an infant before 12 months of age.\nThe WHO Expanded Program on Immunisation recommends the first dose of MMR vaccine be given at nine months old. This is because in many countries the rates of measles are higher than in Australia, and the increased risk of infection outweighs any reduced vaccine response because of persisting maternal antibodies.\nThe WHO recommends that for countries like Australia that have achieved low rates of transmission, it’s better to give the first MMR vaccine at 12 months, because higher protection occurs among older infants as there is less interference from maternal antibodies.\nNo, combination vaccines don’t overwhelm kids’ immune systems\nUntil recently, our immunisation handbook stated that children as young as nine months could receive the MMR vaccine in certain circumstances, including travel to highly measles-endemic areas and during outbreaks.\nBut given the rise in measles globally, the recommended age at which Australian infants can receive MMR vaccine in special circumstances has been lowered from nine months to six months.\nThe US and England also state vaccination from six months of age can occur for travellers and to help control outbreaks.\nBabies inherit antibodies that protect against measles from their mums while they’re in the womb, but these wane over time.\nWhile MMR vaccines are normally free, because this early dose is not part of the National Immunisation Program, parents may need to pay an out-of-pocket fee to get it. Check with your GP.\nImportantly, if MMR is given before 12 months old, infants still need two further doses of measles-containing vaccine. This is to account for the possibility the early dose may not have been completely effective because of interference from the maternal antibodies.\nThey should receive the next dose of MMR vaccine at 12 months of age or four weeks after the first dose – whichever is later. They should then receive their final dose of measles-containing vaccine – an MMR and varicella (chickenpox) combination, known as MMRV – at 18 months. Both these vaccine doses are free under the National Immunisation Program.\nMMR is safe and effective for babies\nA recent review of MMR vaccines in infants under nine months found the overall effectiveness was 72%. So it’s not quite as effective as the near complete protection afforded by vaccination at 12 months and older, but still has a very strong chance of being effective.\nMMR vaccine in infants from six months old was considered safe, with no reports of serious events recorded across seven studies in the review. Fever and rash were the most common adverse reactions, occurring in 5-10% of infants. This is similar to vaccination at 12 months old.\nHealth Check: are you up to date with your vaccinations?\nParents of young infants planning international travel should talk to their GP. The GP will consider factors including the length of the trip and destination countries when giving advice.\nAdult travellers, too, should review their own vaccination record and speak to their GP if they are unsure they are fully protected.\nThis article originally said parents would need to pay approximately A$50 to obtain the MMR vaccine for infants under 12 months. The text has been updated to say they may need to pay an out-of-pocket fee, as this can vary, and the cost of the vaccine may be covered in some jurisdictions.\nNicholas Wood, Associate Professor, Discipline of Childhood and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney; Alexis Pillsbury, Senior Research Officer, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, University of Sydney, and Jean Li-Kim-Moy, General Paediatrician; Research Fellow, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, University of Sydney\nTaggedAlexis Pillsburychild healthJean Li-Kim-MoyNicholas Woodspeaking threadsTravel medicine\nPrevious Article Humanitarians turn sights on climate risk\nNext Article Low-Wage Workers Are Being Sued for Unpaid Medical Bills by a Nonprofit Christian Hospital That Employs Them","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1369167"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6596401333808899,"wiki_prob":0.3403598666191101,"text":"Home » Finance » iStar Inc. (STAR) is primed for evolution with the...\niStar Inc. (STAR) is primed for evolution with the beta value of 0.75\niStar Inc. (STAR) is priced at $25.26 after the most recent trading session. At the very opening of the session, the stock price was $24.69 and reached a high price of $25.33, prior to closing the session it reached the value of $24.58. The stock touched a low price of $24.51.Recently in News on December 1, 2021, iStar Announces Adjustment of Conversion Rate for Convertible Notes. iStar Inc. (NYSE: STAR) announced today an adjustment to the conversion rate of its 3.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 as a result of the common stock cash dividends to be paid on December 15, 2021. You can read further details here\niStar Inc. had a pretty favorable run when it comes to the market performance. The 1-year high price for the company’s stock is recorded $26.41 on 01/03/22, with the lowest value was $23.42 for the same time period, recorded on 01/11/22.\niStar Inc. (STAR) full year performance was 66.51%\nPrice records that include history of low and high prices in the period of 52 weeks can tell a lot about the stock’s existing status and the future performance. Presently, iStar Inc. shares are logging -8.97% during the 52-week period from high price, and 71.25% higher than the lowest price point for the same timeframe. The stock’s price range for the 52-week period managed to maintain the performance between $14.75 and $27.75.\nThe company’s shares, operating in the sector of Real Estate managed to top a trading volume set approximately around 561835 for the day, which was evidently higher, when compared to the average daily volumes of the shares.\nWhen it comes to the year-to-date metrics, the iStar Inc. (STAR) recorded performance in the market was -2.21%, having the revenues showcasing -1.44% on a quarterly basis in comparison with the same period year before. At the time of this writing, the total market value of the company is set at 1.86B, as it employees total of 143 workers.\nSpecialists analysis on iStar Inc. (STAR)\nDuring the last month, 0 analysts gave the iStar Inc. a BUY rating, 0 of the polled analysts branded the stock as an OVERWEIGHT, 0 analysts were recommending to HOLD this stock, 0 of them gave the stock UNDERWEIGHT rating, and 0 of the polled analysts provided SELL rating.\nAccording to the data provided on Barchart.com, the moving average of the company in the 100-day period was set at 25.21, with a change in the price was noted -0.04. In a similar fashion, iStar Inc. posted a movement of -0.16% for the period of last 100 days, recording 555,622 in trading volumes.\nTotal Debt to Equity Ratio (D/E) can also provide valuable insight into the company’s financial health and market status. The debt to equity ratio can be calculated by dividing the present total liabilities of a company by shareholders’ equity. Debt to Equity thus makes a valuable metrics that describes the debt, company is using in order to support assets, correlating with the value of shareholders’ equity The total Debt to Equity ratio for STAR is recording 3.96 at the time of this writing. In addition, long term Debt to Equity ratio is set at 3.85.\nTrends and Technical analysis: iStar Inc. (STAR)\nRaw Stochastic average of iStar Inc. in the period of last 50 days is set at 50.40%. The result represents downgrade in oppose to Raw Stochastic average for the period of the last 20 days, recording 68.84%. In the last 20 days, the company’s Stochastic %K was 50.79% and its Stochastic %D was recorded 44.75%.\nNow, considering the stocks previous presentation, multiple moving trends are noted. Year-to-date Price performance of the company’s stock appears to be encouraging, given the fact the metric is recording -2.21%. Additionally, trading for the stock in the period of the last six months notably improved by 8.88%, alongside a boost of 66.51% for the period of the last 12 months. The shares increased approximately by 4.34% in the 7-day charts and went down by 6.76% in the period of the last 30 days. Common stock shares were lifted by -1.44% during last recorded quarter.\niStar Inc., iStar Inc. (NYSE:STAR), NYSE:STAR, STAR, STAR Shares, STAR Stock","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line732169"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6145293712615967,"wiki_prob":0.3854706287384033,"text":"The future of complementarianism (3): tradition and clarity\nMark Baddeley | 27 April, 2012\nThe third observation is that those of us who disagree with what (at least seems to be) Piper’s approach of linking what men and women should be doing to claims that men more naturally do some things well and women more naturally do other things well need to realize that if that is Piper’s view then that is arguably also the basic way in which pre-feminist Christians for 2000 years explained the logic behind the relevant Biblical commands. (more…)\nThe future of complementarianism (2): the search for the One True Complementarianism\nThe second observation is that the debate over the place of gender in public ministry and the husband/wife relationship is more complex than it can appear on the surface. As I suggested in my previous series, underneath the term ‘egalitarian’ there are a huge number of mutually contradictory positions held for a wide range of mutually contradictory reasons. Underneath the term ‘complementarian’ appears to be a smaller number of positions but which seem to be increasingly concerned to differentiate themselves from each other and which are about as quick to shoot each other for being unbiblical as they are for apparently being egalitarianism. (more…)\nA disturbing review\nLife, Sola Panel\nTony Payne | 23 April, 2012 | 9 comments\nIt was in the Number 1 Bestseller bin at my local Christian bookstore when I strolled in for a browse last week. And it was hard to miss at other places around the store, with its bold, red, attention-grabbing cover: “Real Marriage: The Truth about Sex, Friendship, and Life Together” by Mark and Grace Driscoll. (more…)\nGrace: all the way down\nLionel Windsor | 23 April, 2012\nA well-known scientist (some say it was Bertrand Russell) once gave a public lecture on astronomy. He described how the earth orbits around the sun and how the sun, in turn, orbits around the center of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: “What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a giant tortoise.” The scientist gave a superior smile before replying, “What is the tortoise standing on?” “You’re very clever, young man, very clever,” said the old lady. “But it’s turtles all the way down!” (Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time (2nd ed.; London: BCA, 1998), p. 1.)\nAll Christians should be like that little old lady. Not, of course, that we should insist on cosmic turtles. But there’s something that Christians should insist on, constantly, in every situation, to ourselves, and to everyone we see. It’s God’s grace. All the way down. (more…)\nThe future of complementarianism (1): feeling, nothing more than (Christianity has a masculine) feeling\nIn case you missed it, there was a minor ripple through the evangelical portion of the web recently. John Piper was reported to have declared that Christianity has a masculine feel in a talk he gave on J.C. Ryle’s ministry to a men’s conference on ministry. Blogs and Facebook lit up as Christians reacted—and as is usual with the social media, with those unhappy with the statement responding first, and then others reacting to the first group’s stated disagreement with Piper. (more…)\nWhen your children are sick\nJean Williams | 18 April, 2012 | 6 comments\nflickr: kourtlynlott\nI woke up this morning with a headache. There’s nothing remarkable about that; but as I stood at the bench and gulped down a couple of pain killers, I was reminded of how unpleasant a headache can be, and how easy it is for me to get rid of it.\nIt’s not so easy for my son. (more…)\nAfter the NIV, then what? The NIV.\nEveryday Ministry, Life, Pastoral Ministry, Sola Panel\nSandy Grant | 17 April, 2012 | 12 comments\nSome time ago I wrote about choosing a Bible translation for public use in church. At my church, St Michael’s Cathedral in Wollongong, we’ve decided to go with the 2011 version of the New International Version (NIV11), recently published by Biblica (a.k.a. the International Bible Society). I’d like to follow up on my previous article to tell you about our decision, and why.\nAmong the apostles\nPastoral Ministry, Sola Panel\nLionel Windsor | 16 April, 2012 | 1 comment\nOur own experiences often affect how we read the Bible. Take Romans 16:7, for example:\nGreet Andronicus and Junia, my kinsfolk and my fellow prisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me. (Rom 16:7)\nThere’s something in this verse that often catches the eye of the modern reader: a woman, Junia, is said to be “of note among the apostles.” This means that she was either a person of note to the apostles, or that she was herself “among the apostles.” Either way, the Bible seems to be saying that there was a woman who had a ministry role that was important in the early church. Surely then, as many argue, the example of Junia means that women today, too, can and should have significant ministry roles? At this point, our own experiences can play a big part, particularly our experiences of Christian ministry. (more…)\nProfessor versus Cardinal (#qanda)\nHere in Australia last week’s Q&A on ABC television was an Easter Monday special, featuring Professor Richard Dawkins, author of The God Delusion, and Sydney’s Catholic Archbishop, Cardinal George Pell for a live discussion of faith, science, and morality. The show’s audience was 863,000, its biggest audience since it covered the 2010 federal election. (more…)\nAuthentic wine tasting\nJames Croucher | 9 April, 2012 | 4 comments\n“Thank goodness that’s over,” you sigh, laying your head on your pillow. As the organiser of your church’s ‘wine tasting’ event, your day had been very full. First thing this morning you had been to a number of superstores to chase down the twelve required varieties. As the rain poured down, you loaded the cases into your little old car. Puddle water soaked through your shoes, but you reminded yourself that it was all for the gospel. You arrived at the church and helped arrange the room with a small number of volunteers. Just as you sat down for lunch you received a call from the expert who was going to lead the tasting but now needed to pull out. A few hours, a lot of anxiety, and many phone calls later, you found someone who could fill in for him. Your phone beeped again as you received a message from the friend you invited. Unfortunately she could no longer get away from work in time and wished you a pleasant evening. You felt really disappointed. However, having an official role made it much less awkward for you than for other members of the church family who arrived without a non-Christian. (more…)\nThe Agony\nSandy Grant | 5 April, 2012\nSome people would call me aesthetically challenged: I don’t know much about art and music and poetry and literature—but I know what I like. And I’m more a low-brow sort of guy, crime fiction rather than the English classics. (more…)\nA different centre of gravity\nIan Carmichael | 4 April, 2012\nThis heartwarming feedback just came in from Dave, a pastor here in Sydney:\nI’m not a teary kind of bloke. Last night, though, I was almost at the point of crying as we went around the room and people shared what they’d got out of doing The Course of Your Life. In the week following the weekend away one lady has told virtually everyone she’s met about Jesus and started praying all the time; another lady has cut back her excessive work hours and is praying far more frequently; three men shared how they’ve started speaking about Christian things in conversations at work where in the past they would’ve kept quiet; one of them gets in the car a few minutes earlier each day so he can pray for opportunities to speak about Jesus at work; another guy can’t stop reading Colossians because it’s just so exciting.\nThe hope of the resurrection\nNicholas Markham | Rory Shiner | 2 April, 2012\nFor Christians, the Bible’s teaching on Jesus’ resurrection is often a bit like a mystery box. It’s central to our faith, but in our minds its value often depends on its mystery. In 1 Corinthians 15 Paul urges us to move beyond the surface, open the box and delight in its truths. (more…)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line188059"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9827101230621338,"wiki_prob":0.9827101230621338,"text":"Babynology >> Dutch Baby Names >> Dutch Famous Baby Names Starting with Letter W\nDutch Famous Names Starting with Letter W\nStarting Name\nOrigin/country\n-Select- Academic/Intellectual Actor/Actress Administrator Adventurer/Explorer Advocate/Lawyer Anchor Artists/Performer Bishop/Holyman Business Tycoon Defence/Military engineer/designer Filmmaker Governor/Bureaucrat Historian Leaders/Politician Medical Practitioner Modeling/Advertisement Professional/Specialist Scientist/Researcher Social Activist Sovereign/Dictator Sports Person Writer/Journalist\nMost Famous Dutch People Names for Boys and Girls\nCelebrity Name\nAbout Celebrity\nWalter Baseggio\nIs a Belgian footballer who currently plays for R.E. Mouscron, as a central midfielder.In 2005-06, B\nIs a Belgian footballer who currently plays for R.E. Mouscron, as a central midfielder.In 2005-06, Baseggio was transfer listed, joining Italy's Treviso F.B.C. 1993 in January 2006, being relegated in his first year. However, in the mid-season interval of the next season, he returned to Anderlecht. In his two stints with the Brussels outfit, he won four national leagues, although he was only a fringe player in the last.\nWalter De Greef\nIs a retired Belgian footballer.During his career he played for R.S.C. Anderlecht and Sporting Loker\nIs a retired Belgian footballer.During his career he played for R.S.C. Anderlecht and Sporting Lokeren. He earned 5 caps for the Belgium national football team, and participated in UEFA Euro 1984.\nWalter Godefroot\nIs a retired Belgian professional road bicycle racer and former directeur sportif of Team Telekom, l\nIs a retired Belgian professional road bicycle racer and former directeur sportif of Team Telekom, later known as T-Mobile Team, a professional cycling team. In his competitive cycling days, Godefroot was a specialist in the one-day classic cycle races, w\nWalter Hekster\nIs a Dutch composer, clarinetist and conductor of classical music, specializing in contemporary clas\nIs a Dutch composer, clarinetist and conductor of classical music, specializing in contemporary classical music.Studying composition with Ton de Leeuw and clarinet with Bram de Wilde, he graduated from the Amsterdam Academy of Music in 1961. Upon his graduation he studied clarinet with Keith Wilson and composition with Mel Powell at Yale University, where he received a Master of Music in 1963. In 1966 he studied with Roger Sessions in Tanglewood.\nWalter Meeuws\nIs a retired Belgian footballer. During his career he played for K. Beerschot V.A.C., Club Brugge K.\nIs a retired Belgian footballer. During his career he played for K. Beerschot V.A.C., Club Brugge K.V., R. Standard de Liège, AFC Ajax, K.V. Mechelen. He earned 46 caps for the Belgium national football team, and participated in UEFA Euro 1980 and the 1982 FIFA World Cup. As a player he won 4 championships, 2 with Standard in Belgium, 1 with Bruges in Belgium and 1 with Ajax in the Netherlands. He also won 2 cups and played the final of the European Championship with Belgium in Italy in 1980.\nWalter Meijer Timmerman Thijssen\nWas a Dutch rower who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.He was part of the Dutch boat Minerva Ams\nWas a Dutch rower who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.He was part of the Dutch boat Minerva Amsterdam, which won the bronze medal in the eights.\nWalter Middelberg\nWas a Dutch rower who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.\nWannes Van De Velde\nWas a Flemish singer, musician, poet and artist.His father, Jaak Van de Velde, was a metal worker an\nWas a Flemish singer, musician, poet and artist.His father, Jaak Van de Velde, was a metal worker and talented singer, his mother a housewife and singer. He grew up in the Zirkstraat, near the Antwerp Red Light district. At home the young boy was always surrounded by music.\nWarwick Estevam Kerr\nA Brazilian agricultural engineer, geneticist, entomologist, professor and scientific leader, notabl\nA Brazilian agricultural engineer, geneticist, entomologist, professor and scientific leader, notable for his discoveries in the genetics and sex determination of bees. He is also partially responsible for the accidental release of experimental, Africanized bee queens in 1957, also called killer bees. Africanized bees are hybrids of European and African honey bees. These queens were eventually responsible for the spread of the Africanized bee to continental areas that were previously dominated by the more docile European bee.From March 1975 to April 1979 Kerr moved to Manaus, Amazonas, as director of the National Institute of Amazonia Research (INPA), a research institute of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). He officially retired from the University of São Paulo in January 1981, but not from scientific life. Exactly eleven days later he accepted a position as Full Professor at the Universidade Estadual do Maranhão in São Luís\nWende Snijders\nA Dutch singer. Her first name Wende is commonly used as her artist name.Wende moved to Indonesia wh\nA Dutch singer. Her first name Wende is commonly used as her artist name.Wende moved to Indonesia when she was four years old and to Guinea-Bissau when she was six. When she was nine years old, she came to The Netherlands, where she lived in Zeist. She gr\nWendel Fräser\nWas a Dutch-Suriname footballer. During his career he served Feyenoord Rotterdam and RBC Roosendaal.\nWas a Dutch-Suriname footballer. During his career he served Feyenoord Rotterdam and RBC Roosendaal. He died at the age of 22, when on June 7, 1989 he was killed in the Surinam Airways Flight PY764 air crash in Paramaribo.Fräser was a postman in Rotterdam and played in the youth squads of Feyenoord Rotterdam. He was known as a talented player and was promoted to the first team of Feyenoord in the 1987-88 season. He did not yet make his debut that season, but remained on the bench. The next season he was transferred to RBC Roosendaal where he made his professional debut. After that season he signed a new contract at SVV for whom he would have been playing from the 1989-90 season.\nBaby Name Meanings for a Meaningful Identity\nChoosing a name for your baby is indeed one of the greatest moments of euphoria for parents. The arrival of a baby in the family is the culmination of many months of planning and anticipation punctuated with periods of anxiety and concern.\nWendy Alane Wright\nA multi-racial actress and singer; and daughter of author W.D. Wright (Crisis of the Black Intellect\nA multi-racial actress and singer; and daughter of author W.D. Wright (Crisis of the Black Intellectual, Racism Matters). Wendy is married to James T. Smith whose daughter Taryn Smith is the great, great, great granddaughter of American abolitionist John\nWendy Jans\nIs a Belgian amateur snooker and pool player.\nWerner Mund\nWas a Belgian Olympic fencer. He competed in the individual foil and team épée events at the 1932\nWas a Belgian Olympic fencer. He competed in the individual foil and team épée events at the 1932 Summer Olympics.\nWesley De Ruiter\nA Dutch football player who currently plays for FC Utrecht.\nA Dutch footballer. He played for Ajax (2002–2007) and currently plays for Real Madrid. He is also\nA Dutch footballer. He played for Ajax (2002–2007) and currently plays for Real Madrid. He is also a regular member of the Dutch national team.Although Sneijder was not born in Amsterdam, he started his career in the Ajax's famous youth academy. He made his debut for Ajax in a 2-0 win at Excelsior on December 22, 2002 when manager Ronald Koeman, troubled by an injury-filled squad called him up, advised by Danny Blind, the then-coach of the Ajax youth-squad. He rapidly established himself in the role of midfield general and occasional left winger. Despite his short height, he is pacy and quick and strong on the ball and his passing range is enhanced by his two-footedness (ambidextrous).\nWesley Sonck\nIs a Belgian football player, who currently plays as a striker for Club Brugge and the Belgium natio\nIs a Belgian football player, who currently plays as a striker for Club Brugge and the Belgium national football team. He played for K.R.C. Genk in the Jupiler League from where he joined AFC Ajax in 2003 for about £5 million. He finished as the top scorer of Jupiler League in 2002 with 30 goals and in 2003 22 goals, which he shared with Cédric Roussel.\nWesley Verhoek\nA Dutch footballer who plays for ADO Den Haag. He is a striker who plays as a winger on both side of\nA Dutch footballer who plays for ADO Den Haag. He is a striker who plays as a winger on both side of the pitch.Verhoek's career began when he signed a professional contract with ADO Den Haag, after the winter break in 2004/2005 he played his first match in the first team of ADO Den Haag. Verhoek also plays for the Dutch youth squad.\nWiebe E. Bijker\nIs a Dutch professor, chair of the Department of Social Science & Technology at the Faculty of Arts\nIs a Dutch professor, chair of the Department of Social Science & Technology at the Faculty of Arts & Culture in the Universiteit Maastricht, The Netherlands.\nWieger Emile Mensonides\nIs a former Dutch swimmer, who won the bronze medal in the 200 Metres Breaststroke at the 1960 Summe\nIs a former Dutch swimmer, who won the bronze medal in the 200 Metres Breaststroke at the 1960 Summer Olympics. For forty years he was the only Dutch swimmer who had won an olympic medal. Pieter van den Hoogenband followed in his footsteps at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney\nWieke Elisabeth Henriëtte Dijkstra\nIs a Dutch field hockey player, who plays as midfielder for Dutch club Laren. She also plays for the\nIs a Dutch field hockey player, who plays as midfielder for Dutch club Laren. She also plays for the Netherlands national team, however most of the time as a defender. She was part of the Dutch squad that became World Champion at the 2006 Women's Hockey W\nWiel Arets\nIs a Dutch architect, theorist and industrial designer from the Dutch-German border town of Heerlen.\nIs a Dutch architect, theorist and industrial designer from the Dutch-German border town of Heerlen. After graduating from Eindhoven University in 1983 he established Wiel Arets Architect & Associates in his hometown a year later and in 1997 the office was moved to Maastricht. In 2004 a second office was opened in Amsterdam, with a third office in Zurich opening in 2008. Bettina Kraus, born 1970 in Nuremberg, has been a partner of Wiel Arets Architects since 2000.[1]\nWiel Coerver\nA football (soccer) manager from the Netherlands, who's the developer of the Coerver coaching method\nA football (soccer) manager from the Netherlands, who's the developer of the Coerver coaching method. He won the UEFA Cup with Feyenoord Rotterdam in the 1973-1974 season.The 1998 FIFA World Cup in France saw the first Coerver student, Boudewijn Zenden who played for the Netherlands national football team, to make the FIFA World Cup.Coerver Coaching Technique is a soccer coaching technique which Coerver created. By analysing videotapes of various great players including Pelé, devised a new concept in football which advocates that skill could not only be inherent with the young players but could also be passed on in a comprehensive academic way. Under this technique, players progress in a structured manner,\nWietske Annechien De Ruiter\nIs a former female field hockey striker from The Netherlands, who represented her native country at\nIs a former female field hockey striker from The Netherlands, who represented her native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics: 1992 and 1996. At the last tournament in Atlanta, Georgia the former player of Hockey Vereniging Victoria in Rotterdam (wh\nWijnand Ott\nIs a Dutch musician.In 1980 Ott joined Diesel as a replacement for Frank Papendrecht. He had taken u\nIs a Dutch musician.In 1980 Ott joined Diesel as a replacement for Frank Papendrecht. He had taken up a career as a bassist only recently before that (switching from guitar) and despite his shy demeanour, he was a quality bassist.\nThe life after delivery,getting used to care about your newborn?\nPregnacy, baby & parenting: how well do you know these fact?\nWhat Kind of Dad Will You Be?\nMeaningful Baby Names\nWhen picking a baby name for your baby son or daughter, please conduct a reality check by looking up its meaning. This exercise should be conducted at two levels. First check the meaning of the name in your own language.\nList of Dutch baby names, Dutch babies names, Dutch baby names and meanings has been compiled from various resources. Please use this up to date list of Dutch name as a reference to name your kid/child. This vast database of Dutch names has been compiled from various references and suggestions provided by our web site users and resources partners. This information is developed to primarily serve as a reference. We are unable to respond on request for personalized assistance at the moment. Thank you for your support. Largest list of Dutch baby names with meanings, numerology, popularity and comments.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line447909"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6757609844207764,"wiki_prob":0.6757609844207764,"text":"native american news, information and entertainment.\nowned and operated by Ho-Chunk Inc., the economic development corporation of the winnebago tribe.\nemail indianz.com\nHo-Chunk Inc\nIndianz.Com > August 12, 2008\nads@blueearthmarketing.com 712.224.5420\n9th Circuit affirms prosecution in O'odham case (August 12, 2008)\nThe 9th Circuit Court of Appeals on Monday affirmed federal prosecution of a man who attempted to murder two members of the Tohono O'odham Nation of Arizona. Miguel Angel Ramirez claimed that his victims were not \"Indian\" within the meaning...\nLa Jolla men win rural volunteer award (August 12, 2008)\nTwo members of the La Jolla Band of Luiseno Indians received a $4,000 award for their efforts during the devastating Poomacha fire of October 2007. The fire destroyed 97 percent of the reservation. Brothers Ben and Tom Rodriguez made sure...\nLetter: Sweetheart deal for Suquamish Tribe (August 12, 2008)\n\"Last Thursday, I went to watch the free concert at Port Orchard’s waterfront park. Prior to the show, I went for a walk along the breakwater of the Port Orchard Marina. As I got out to the water, I found...\nRumsey Band donates $500K to womens' safe house (August 12, 2008)\nThe Rumsey Band of Wintun Indians donated $500,000 to help an organization in Sacramento, California, build a safe house for victims of sexual abuse and domestic violence. The 12,000 square-foot WEAVE Safehouse will provide more space to help women and...\nNez Perce Tribe struggles to provide health care (August 12, 2008)\nThe Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho says federal funds fail to meet the health care needs of its people. The tribe receives about $8 million a year from the Indian Health Service. Chairwoman Julia Davis-Wheeler said that's not enough to...\nCherokee council overrides veto on districting (August 12, 2008)\nThe Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma will adopt a new districting plan over the objections of Chief Chad Smith. The plan creates 15 districts, each with one representative. The tribe currently has nine districts. The plan was approved by the tribal...\nLawmaker in Abramoff scandal ending prison term (August 12, 2008)\nFormer Congressman Bob Ney (R-Ohio), the only member of Congress indicted in connection with the Jack Abramoff scandal, will be completing his sentence this weekend. Ney was sentenced to 30 months but only served a total of 17 months in...\nSen. McCain snubs tribes on South Dakota visit (August 12, 2008)\nSen. John McCain (R-Arizona), the presumptive Republican nominee for president, was in South Dakota last week but didn't have enough time to meet with tribal leaders, according to his campaign. The Great Plains Tribal Chairman's Association contacted McCain's campaign last...\nOpinion: MOWA Choctaws are no longer Indian (August 12, 2008)\n\"Woe is me. It has been hard adjusting to the fact that we are no longer Indians as of a few weeks ago. A United States District Court in Alabama recently ruled that the MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians' lawsuit...\nBIA to work with tribal college on law and order (August 12, 2008)\nThe Bureau of Indian Affairs is collaborating with the United Tribes Technical College of North Dakota on law and order issues. The BIA will station an officer to UTTC's campus to work with tribal communities. UTTC is also offering...\nSeminole Nation for domestic violence shelter (August 12, 2008)\nThe Seminole Nation of Oklahoma will build its first domestic violence shelter. The tribal council approved $250,000 towards the safe house. Additional funds will be raised for the $500,000 project. The shelter will be open to tribal and non-tribal...\nHundreds attend Soboba Band forum on Public Law 280 (August 12, 2008)\nA reported 200 people attended a forum hosted by the Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians to discuss Public Law 280. Legal experts and tribal leaders discussed the law, which was passed during the termination era. It grants certain states, including...\nNative woman, missing for four years, found dead (August 12, 2008)\nThe remains of a Native woman who was missing for four years were discovered in Saskatchewan on Friday. Daleen Kay Bosse, a member of the Onion Lake First Nation, was last seen after an Assembly of First Nations function...\nCity won't oppose Cherokee Nation land-into-trust (August 12, 2008)\nThe city council in Catoosa, Oklahoma, voted 6-1 not to fight the Cherokee Nation's land-into-trust application. The city opposed the application when it was first filed in 1996. \"Things have changed since that time,\" Mayor Rita Lamkin was quoted as...\nSeneca Nation opposes tobacco tax bill (August 12, 2008)\nThe Seneca Nation is calling on New York Gov. David Paterson (D) to veto a bill that imposes state sales tax on reservations. President Maurice A. John Sr. said the bill imposes on treaty rights. He promised litigation to prevent...\nOpinion: Wasteful hunting shocks Alaskans (August 12, 2008)\n\"Recently, many Alaskans were shocked and appalled to see front page pictures of caribou calves trying to suckle from their dead mothers near Point Hope and Kivalina, where vandals who live nearby apparently shot and left at least 160...\nNighthorse Campbell stumps for Sen. McCain (August 12, 2008)\nEx-Sen. Ben Nighthorse Campbell (R-Colorado), a registered lobbyist, is campaigning in Indian Country for Sen. John McCain (R-Arizona). Campbell, a member of the Northern Cheyenne Tribe of Montana, recently spoke to the Midwest Alliance of Sovereign Nations to promote the...\nInterior proposes endangered species change (August 12, 2008)\nInterior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne announced a \"narrow\" change to Endangered Species Act regulations that environmentalists and Democrats said would rewrite the landmark law. Kempthorne said the change brings existing regulations in line with recent court decisions and current practices. Federal...\n1 Tribes rush to respond to new coronavirus emergency created by Trump administration\n2 'At this rate the entire tribe will be extinct': Zuni Pueblo sees COVID-19 cases double as first death is confirmed\n3 Arne Vainio: 'A great sickness has been visited upon us as human beings'\n4 Arne Vainio: Zoongide'iwin is the Ojibwe word for courage\n5 Cayuga Nation's division leads to a 'human rights catastrophe'\nPrevious: August 11, 2008\nNext: August 13, 2008\nNative American news, information and entertainment. Owned and operated by Ho-Chunk Inc., the economic development corporation of the Winnebago Tribe. Call us at 202 630 8439 (THEZ)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line178116"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9135633707046509,"wiki_prob":0.9135633707046509,"text":"Cruise CEO Tells Biden to Support US Autonomous Vehicles Companies\nBy Eric Tanenblatt and Chan Creswell\nThis week Reuters reported that Dan Ammann, CEO of Cruise, wrote a previously undisclosed letter to President Biden urging his administration to support the development of autonomous vehicles. In particular, Ammann encouraged the President to raise the cap on the number of vehicle exemptions per company to the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). He warned that failure to do so would only hurt US autonomous vehicle companies in their race against Chinese manufacturers. Cruise is a majority-owned subsidy of General Motors that has generated buzz in the AV community for its wealthy and connected backers, including Honda and Microsoft, and its “post-car” designs.\nIn 2020, Cruise debuted the “Origin,” a vehicle designed to move past the car. Unlike traditional motor vehicles, the Origin contains no driver’s seat or gas pedals since it is entirely autonomous. Cruise envisions that the Origin will operate as a ridesharing vehicle and its interior simply includes two benches facing one another and screens that display the vehicle’s itinerary. Although it is roughly the size of an SUV, it contains no hood or trunk and is oddly symmetrical.\nUnfortunately for Cruise, FMVSS requires that motor vehicles contain specific mechanisms like a steering wheel. Although these standards were recently revised to accommodate autonomous vehicles, the Origin would still fail to comply. Additionally, Cruise is subject to particular scrutiny because, unlike its competitor Nuro, the Origin would transport passengers. While the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) can offer exemptions to companies, there is a cap at 2,500 exempt testing vehicles per manufacturer per year. In his letter, Ammann called this cap a “U.S.-only impediment to building these vehicles at scale in the United States.”\nWhile there has been congressional interest in raising the cap, no action has ultimately taken place. For instance, in 2017, both the House and Senate extensively debated bills that would have raised the cap over a period of five years to 100,000 and 80,000 vehicles per manufacturer per year, respectively. Although the House bill, the SELF Drive Act, did pass its chamber, neither bill reached the Senate Floor. Recently, Senators Thune (R-SD) and Peters (D-MI) tried to generate momentum to attach an amendment raising the cap to a bill focused on economic competition with China but were unsuccessful.\nAmmann’s letter may provide the first true interaction between the Biden Administration and autonomous vehicles. Although the President has been vocal and active in securing more investment into US infrastructure, including electric vehicle and electric vehicle infrastructure, there has been very little mention of autonomous vehicles. In a unique coincidence, one of Transportation Secretary Buttigieg’s only comments on autonomous vehicles comes from an Axios event, sponsored by Cruise. At the virtual event, he said that his office’s main concern would be safety and that, currently, “the technologies exist to assist drivers, but in the vehicles that exist today, not to replace them.”\nIn his letter, Ammann states that “China’s top-down, centrally directed approach imposes no similar restraints on their home grown AV industry.” Of course, the Chinese Government has actively encouraged the growth of their AV sector and helped guide its development. In his first address to Congress, President Biden categorized the competition between the US and China as a battle between the adaptability of two different philosophies of government in the 21st Century. He said, “[President Xi JinPing] and others, autocrats, think that democracy can’t compete in the 21st century with autocracies, because it takes too long to get consensus.” He later said, “In my discussions with President Xi, I told him we welcome the competition.” Ammann focused on this global dynamic in his letter, saying, “We do not seek, require or desire government funding; we seek your help in leveling the playing field.”\nWhile Mr. Amann’s letter was sent on May 17th, it remains to be seen how the Biden Administration will approach autonomous vehicles. Dentons and the Driverless Commute will continue to track the latest developments in autonomous vehicles both in the US and globally. For more information on the global approach to autonomous vehicles, and the Chinese model in particular, check out our Global Guide to Autonomous Vehicles and subscribe to the Driverless Commute.\nChina, Cruise, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, Honda, Microsoft, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Nuro, Pete Buttigieg, President Biden, SELF Drive Act, United States\nAbout Eric Tanenblatt\nEric Tanenblatt is the Global Chair of Public Policy and Regulation of Dentons, the world's largest law firm. He also leads the firm's US Public Policy Practice, leveraging his three decades of experience at the very highest levels of the federal and state governments.\nAbout Chan Creswell\nChan Creswell is a Senior Public Policy Analyst in the Atlanta office.\nDriverless Commute – June 1\nThe Driverless Commute: New Federal Autonomous Vehicle Rules on the Horizon\nBy Eric Tanenblatt, Crawford Schneider, and Matthew Ludwig\nDriverless Commute – January 12","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1445298"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9758660793304443,"wiki_prob":0.9758660793304443,"text":"Appeals Court Appears Skeptical Of Flynn's Bid To Force Judge To Dismiss Case\nFormer Trump national security adviser Michael Flynn, pictured in June 2019, had a hearing on Friday about the government's effort to drop its case against him.\nA federal appeals court appeared skeptical Friday of Michael Flynn's bid to force a judge to dismiss his case after the Justice Department sought to abandon the prosecution.\nA three-judge panel on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit considered Flynn's case after years of twists and turns that began in the first days of President Trump's administration.\nLast month, the Justice Department requested to dismiss its 2 1/2 year prosecution of Flynn, who pleaded guilty in 2017 to lying to the FBI about his contacts with the Russian ambassador. The federal district court judge presiding in the criminal case, Emmet Sullivan, has put a hold on that for now.\nInstead, he's set up a process to evaluate the government's decision to drop the charges.\nCritics have said the Justice Department's intercession in Flynn's case is improper, at least in part, because he is Trump's friend.\nFlynn and the Justice Department, meanwhile, have criticized Sullivan for not yet dropping the case. Flynn's legal team took the matter to the appeals court to ask it to order Sullivan to immediately dismiss.\nDubious judges\nThe hearing on Friday lasted more than 90 minutes. Flynn's attorney, Sidney Powell, argued that Sullivan exceeded his authority by appointing an outside counsel to argue against the government and by scheduling a hearing for mid-July to address the department's decision to drop its charges.\nPowell said the government has the sole authority to make prosecutorial decisions and that Sullivan has no choice but to toss the case since the Justice Department and Flynn both want it thrown out.\nThe Justice Department, meanwhile, called Sullivan's review process \"intrusive\" and said it would cause harm to the government to have to defend its decision publicly in a highly politicized environment.\nDOJ attorney Jeffrey Wall said Sullivan's review and the hearing he's scheduled for mid-July would become a \"public spectacle.\"\nThe Flynn matter is highly political and unusual, not least because Flynn already has admitted his guilt and cooperated with investigators. Attorney General William Barr has said he believes that doesn't matter because of other aspects of the story.\nThe appeals court judges on Friday appeared skeptical about Powell's argument that they should take the extraordinary step of intervening now and ordering Sullivan both to stop his review and dismiss the case altogether.\nJudge Karen Henderson told Powell that a federal judge in a criminal case is \"not merely a rubber stamp\" when the government seeks to dismiss.\n\"There's nothing wrong with him holding a hearing, as far as I know,\" she said.\nJudge Robert Wilkins, like Henderson, noted that Sullivan had not yet ruled on the government's motion to dismiss, only set up a process to evaluate it. That's why Sullivan appointed a former judge to advise him and scheduled another hearing.\nSullivan could assess the counsel he's received, conduct his independent review and still decide to drop the case.\n\"If he denies the motion, then you can come back here on appeal,\" Wilkins told Flynn's lawyers.\nNo, Powell said — the government has quit the case and \"it's time to leave the field.\" She also said the impact of the drawn-out nature of this case on Flynn has to be taken into consideration.\n\"The toll it takes on a defendant to go through this is absolutely enormous,\" she said.\nLatest twist in years-long melodrama\nFlynn served as President Trump's first national security adviser for less than a month. He pleaded guilty in 2017 to lying to the FBI about his conversations with Russian's then-ambassador, Sergey Kislyak, during the presidential transition.\nFlynn cooperated extensively with special counsel Robert Mueller's investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 election, but did an about-face last summer after bringing on a new legal team led by Powell, who has been a fierce critic on Fox News of the Russia probe.\nEarly this year, Flynn moved to withdraw his guilty plea, saying he was set up by the FBI. Transcripts of Flynn's phone calls with Kislyak were recently declassified and made public. They showed that the two men did discuss sanctions against Russia—one of the issues Flynn pleaded guilty to lying about.\nIn its motion to drop the case, the Justice Department argued that the FBI never should have interviewed Flynn, and that any false statements Flynn might have made were not material to a legitimate investigation.\nThe outside counsel appointed by Sullivan, former federal judge John Gleeson, disagreed. In a sharply worded brief this week, Gleeson said the department's stated reasons for wanting to dismiss the case are \"so obviously pretextual, that they are deficient.\"\nHe continued: \"Moreover, the facts surrounding the filing of the government's motion constitute clear evidence of gross prosecutorial abuse. They reveal an unconvincing effort to disguise as legitimate a decision to dismiss that is based solely on the fact that Flynn is a political ally of President Trump.\"\nRyan Lucas\nRyan Lucas covers the Justice Department for NPR.\nSee stories by Ryan Lucas","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line291979"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5501214861869812,"wiki_prob":0.5501214861869812,"text":"'Fortress USA': How 9/11 produced a military industrial juggernaut\nSince the September 11 terror attacks, there has been no hiding from the increased militarisation of the United States. Everyday life is suffused with policing and surveillance. This ranges from the inconvenient, such as removing shoes at the airport, to the dystopian, such as local police departments equipped with decommissioned tanks too big to use on regular roads.\nThis process of militarisation did not begin with 9/11. The American state has always relied on force combined with the de-personalisation of its victims.\nThe army, after all, dispossessed First Nations peoples of their land as settlers pushed westward. Expanding the American empire to places such as Cuba, the Philippines, and Haiti also relied on force, based on racist justifications.\nThe military also ensured American supremacy in the wake of the second world war. As historian Nikhil Pal Singh writes, about 8 million people were killed in US-led or -sponsored wars from 1945-2019 - and this is a conservative estimate.\nWhen Dwight Eisenhower, a Republican and former military general, left the presidency in 1961, he famously warned against the growing \"military-industrial complex\" in the US. His warning went unheeded and the protracted conflict in Vietnam was the result.\nThe 9/11 attacks then intensified US militarisation, both at home and abroad. George W. Bush was elected in late 2000 after campaigning to reduce US foreign interventions. The new president discovered, however, that by adopting the persona of a tough, pro-military leader, he could sweep away lingering doubts about the legitimacy of his election.\nWaging war on Afghanistan within a month of the twin towers falling, Bush's popularity soared to 90%. War in Iraq, based on the dubious assertion of Saddam Hussein's \"weapons of mass destruction\", soon followed.\nThe military industrial juggernaut\nInvestment in the military state is immense. 9/11 ushered in the federal, cabinet-level Department of Homeland Security, with an initial budget in 2001-02 of US$16 billion. Annual budgets for the agency peaked at US$74 billion in 2009-10 and is now around US$50 billion.\nThis super-department vacuumed up bureaucracies previously managed by a range of other agencies, including justice, transportation, energy, agriculture, and health and human services.\nRead more: Why is it so difficult to fight domestic terrorism? 6 experts share their thoughts\nCentralising services under the banner of security has enabled gross miscarriages of justice. These include the separation of tens of thousands of children from parents at the nation's southern border, done in the guise of protecting the country from so-called illegal immigrants. More than 300 of the some 1,000 children taken from parents during the Trump administration have still not been reunited with family.\nThe post-9/11 Patriot Act also gave spying agencies paramilitary powers. The act reduced barriers between the CIA, FBI, and the National Security Agency (NSA) to permit the acquiring and sharing of Americans' private communications. These ranged from telephone records to web searches. All of this was justified in an atmosphere of near-hysterical and enduring anti-Muslim fervour.\nOnly in 2013 did most Americans realise the extent of this surveillance network. Edward Snowden, a contractor working at the NSA, leaked documents that revealed a secret US$52 billion budget for 16 spying agencies and over 100,000 employees.\nNormalisation of the security state\nDespite the long objections of civil liberties groups and disquiet among many private citizens, especially after Snowden's leaks, it has proven difficult to wind back the industrialised security state.\nThis is for two reasons: the extent of the investment, and because its targets, both domestically and internationally, are usually not white and not powerful.\nRead more: Calculating the costs of the Afghanistan War in lives, dollars and years\nDomestically, the 2015 Freedom Act renewed almost all of the Patriot Act's provisions. Legislation in 2020 that might have stemmed some of these powers stalled in Congress.\nAnd recent reports suggest President Joe Biden's election has done little to alter the detention of children at the border.\nMilitarisation is now so commonplace that local police departments and sheriff's offices have received some US$7 billion worth of military gear (including grenade launchers and armoured vehicles) since 1997, underwritten by federal government programs.\nMilitarised police kill civilians at a high rate - and the targets for all aspects of policing and incarceration are disproportionately people of colour. And yet, while the sight of excessively armed police forces during last year's Black Lives Matter protests shocked many Americans, it will take a phenomenal effort to reverse this trend.\nRead more: Police with lots of military gear kill civilians more often than less-militarized officers\nThe heavy cost of the war on terror\nThe juggernaut of the militarised state keeps the United States at war abroad, no matter if Republicans or Democrats are in power.\nSince 9/11, the US \"war on terror\" has cost more than US$8 trillion and led to the loss of up to 929,000 lives.\nThe effects on countries like Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, Syria, and Pakistan have been devastating, and with the US involvement in Somalia, Libya, the Philippines, Mali, and Kenya included, these conflicts have resulted in the displacement of some 38 million people.\nThese wars have become self-perpetuating, spawning new terror threats such as the Islamic State and now perhaps ISIS-K.\nThose who serve in the US forces have suffered greatly. Roughly 2.9 million living veterans served in post-9/11 conflicts abroad. Of the some 2 million deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan, perhaps 36% are experiencing PTSD.\nTraining can be utterly brutal. The military may still offer opportunities, but the lives of those who serve remain expendable.\nLife must be precious\nTowards the end of his life, Robert McNamara, the hard-nosed Ford Motor Company president and architect of the United States' disastrous military efforts in Vietnam, came to regret deeply his part in the military-industrial juggernaut.\nIn his 1995 memoir, he judged his own conduct to be morally repugnant. He wrote,\nIn interviews with the filmmaker Errol Morris, McNamara admitted, obliquely, to losing sight of the simple fact the victims of the militarised American state were, in fact, human beings.\nAs McNamara realised far too late, the solution to reversing American militarisation is straightforward. We must recognise, in the words of activist and scholar Ruth Wilson Gilmore, that \"life is precious\". That simple philosophy also underlies the call to acknowledge Black Lives Matter.\nThe best chance to reverse the militarisation of the US state is policy guided by the radical proposal that life - regardless of race, gender, status, sexuality, nationality, location or age - is indeed precious.\nAs we reflect on how the United States has changed since 9/11, it is clear the country has moved further away from this basic premise, not closer to it.\nAuthor: Clare Corbould - Associate Professor, Contemporary Histories Research Group, Deakin University","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line43941"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7554312348365784,"wiki_prob":0.7554312348365784,"text":"De Luca’s election goals\nNov 30, 2021 | Government, Narrabeen ward\nIndependent candidate for Narrabeen ward Vincent De Luca OAM says he is seeking a fourth term on Council to ensure risks of over-development are managed and Council services are improved.\nCouncillor De Luca, who was first elected to Warringah Council in 2008, has become popular with members of the community but a thorn in the side of consecutive Council administrations, often asking specific and difficult questions at Council meetings.\nHe feels his ability to turn over rocks and ask awkward questions is a reflection of his experience as a lawyer and time working in community services and government.\n“I’ve been a solicitor, worked with the Attorney General’s department and I’ve served in Parliament as an advisor. I’ve balanced that with community work at the same time, I was the President of Curl Curl Youth and Community Centre for nearly two decades.\n“Also, my aim is to raise money for causes including women’s refuges and safe houses, and cancer research and supporting cancer patients. I’ve been a cancer patient myself. I’m also a voluntary director of a sporting organisation,” said Cr De Luca.\nCr De Luca feels the promised benefits of the amalgamation have not been realised, with savings and improvements in services not delivered.\n“When Michael Reagan spent $500k of Warringah ratepayers money to campaign for the mass amalgamation of the three councils, he said that unless all three councils were amalgamated, rates would go up, public land would be sold, and services would go down.\n“Unfortunately that has occurred, rates have gone up by $30m, our rubbish fees have gone up as well, and services have definitely diminished. As a Councillor, it’s been pretty important to try and ensure services,” said Cr De Luca.\nCr De Luca said he was pleased with the ability to increase Council’s focus on youth crime and mental health.\n“Coming from a youth worker/social worker background, we’ve had to work very hard because our area has experienced a huge increase in gang crime and drug and alcohol abuse. Sadly, we’ve also had a significant increase in suicide.\n“Some of us have gone to the National Suicide Prevention Conference and we’ve introduced policies that are addressing our younger people, and indeed those older people who are also contemplating suicide. We’ve made it less of a stigma.\n“With gang violence, we have run a successful campaign to preserve Mona Vale Police Station, but also ensure that the Police Commissioner intervened, particularly after the Warriewood attack on the Police Inspector and the gang attack at Newport Beach, and numerous attacks on children across the Northern Beaches to ensure greater police presence north of the Narrabeen bridge,” said Cr De Luca.\nThe implementation of the housing strategy and development planning controls is a key concern for Cr De Luca in the next term of Council.\n“I think the next challenge of Council will certainly be the housing strategy, which I voted against. It’s the housing strategy that sets the destiny of our environment as well as our development targets. We’ve got the LEP [Local Environment Plan] coming up as well. We’ve got to be vigilant to stop over-development and those documents could actually facilitate that if they’re not written in certain ways,” explained Cr De Luca.\nAccording to Cr De Luca the restrictions imposed on the Local Government Election by COVID-19 has made it harder for independent candidates to campaign and be elected.\n“It’s exceptionally hard. I don’t have major resources and unfortunately the system has been changed by the government in such a way that the safety of independent candidates is actually at risk.\n“The minister changed the legislation, whereby you can’t have a PO Box on your authorising material and you’ve got to have a street address. When I questioned that with the Office of Local Government, they said, ‘just hire a hot desk.’ Few people have the money to actually hire a hot desk.\n“I’m concerned about the safety of candidates, particularly female candidates who didn’t have the money to either rent a hot desk or aren’t working. I’ve been able to rent a hot desk and others have as well. What about those people who haven’t been able to, and they’ve had to put their home address?\n“In my lifetime as a public figure, I’ve received heaps of death threats. You just never know what can happen if someone gets your home address. So that’s been one of the biggest barriers.\n“I think this is not an election for the people. We have been prevented from handing out how to vote cards, which will definitely have an adverse effect. So it’s definitely a difficult election and it’s going to be hard for people to know who to vote for, because they won’t have the information on all candidates.\n“A lot of people have said to me that they don’t even know that there’s an election on. Most people wouldn’t know that postal votes closed on 29 November.\n“The other concerning issue too is that usually nursing homes are declared institutions, so people can vote from there. This time they’re not having declared institutions. So I feel for those that would have had the opportunity to vote if the institutions were properly declared and the Electoral Commission would go to them to take their votes. Most of those people now won’t even bother to vote.\n“In all my years in government and standing for office, I think it’s probably the worst election for democracy. It’s actually an insult to democracy that people don’t have the information they need, and some will be disenfranchised and not able to vote,” said Cr De Luca.\nCr Vincent De Luca is standing for the Narrabeen ward and is Group E on the ballot paper.\nThe Local Government Election is being held on Saturday, 04 December. Voting at pre-poll locations is available 9.00am – 5.00pm, Monday – Saturday, from Monday, 22 November until Friday, 03 December.\nImages: Northern Beaches Advocate\nPreviousWhere are the cases?\nNextWSL returns to North Narrabeen","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line85491"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8191555142402649,"wiki_prob":0.8191555142402649,"text":"Locke & Key Season 2 Promotes 2 to Series Regulars, 2 More Join Cast\nLess than two weeks after Darby Stanchfield (Nina), Emilia Jones (Kinsey), Connor Jessup (Tyler), and Jackson Robert Scott (Bode) took to social media to announce that production on the second season of Netflix's Locke & Key was getting underway, we're learning who will be joining the Lockes on Netflix's adaptation of Joe Hill and Gabriel Rodriguez's horror/fantasy comic book series. First up, Deadline Hollywood reports exclusively that Aaron Ashmore and Hallea Jones will be bumped up from recurring to series regulars for the upcoming season. In addition, Brendan Hines (The Tick) has joined as a new series regular while Liyou Abere (The Boys) will guest star.\nHines' Josh Bennett is a charismatic and mysterious new history teacher at Matheson Academy with a secret agenda. Ashmore's Duncan Locke has a history with the keys, helping guide the Lockes in their battle against Dodge. Jones' Eden Hawkins is a former high school \"mean girl\" who's now a newly-minted demon- and a surprising new force of antagonism to reckon with. Finally, we have Abere's Amie Bennett, a spirited 11-year-old who becomes fast friends with Bode and an ally against the evil forces threatening the Lockes.\nLocke & Key is returning for a second season (Image: Netflix).\nDuring an interview from earlier this year, co-showrunner Meredith Averill (with Carlton Cuse) detailed what she would change (and keep) if the series was assigned a second set of keys. Proudly preferring \"suspense and tension\" over \"gory and graphic\" when it comes to horror, Averill revealed that the second season would retain the first season's tone. But with the kids getting older and also more experienced with the keys and their powers, the topics, situations, and enemies they face will have to grow and deepen: \"The first season, we always thought of as being the story of the kids learning that they're the new Keepers of the Keys. With season two, we want to explore what that responsibility means. What does it mean as they get closer to being 18 years old—the age when you age out of magic—what does that mean? What does that look like? We cover so much of the comics in the first season, but there's so much of the lore that we held back on and new keys we created for the show that we're excited to share.\"\nAverill continued, \"Tonally, I think we intend to keep the show the same, but we do want to deepen the characters' lives and the issues they're dealing with. The older kids are moving closer to their graduation, and while grief is something that you never fully let go of, the kids are going to be able to begin moving on because, at least for now, they know the truth of what happened to him. If you can believe it, the Locke kids are going to be dealing with things far heavier than the death of their father in season two.\"\nVideo can't be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: Locke & Key | Official Trailer | Netflix (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_EonRi0yQOE&t=92s)\nNetflix's adaptation of the horror/fantasy comic book series Locke & Key focuses on the Locke siblings – Kinsey (Emilia Jones), Tyler (American Crime's Connor Jessup), and Bode (Jackson Robert Scott) – who move to their ancestral home in Massachusetts with their mother Nina (Darby Stanchfield) after the gruesome murder of their father, only to find the house has magical keys that give them a vast array of powers and abilities. Standing in their way is a devious demon who also wants the keys and will stop at nothing to attain them. The first season also starred Petrice Jones, Thomas Mitchell Barnet, Laysla De Oliveira, Kevin Alves, Asha Bromfield, Griffin Gluck, Steven Williams, Felix Mallard, Coby Bird, Sherri Saum, and Eric Graise.\nPosted in: Netflix, Preview, streaming, Trailer, TV, YouTube | Tagged: bleeding cool, bode, cable, comic books, Comics, Connor Jessup, Darby Stanchfield, Emilia Jones, gabriel rodriguez, Jackson Robert Scott, joe hill, Kinsey, Locke & Key, locke and key, netflix, nina, preview, season 2, streaming, television, tv, tyler","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1856651"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6798492074012756,"wiki_prob":0.6798492074012756,"text":"First-Time Homebuying\nWhere to look for lawns in Boston\nCertain neighborhoods in the city—including West Roxbury and Roslindale—lend themselves to the bucolic expanses\nBy Tom Acitelli@tomacitelli Mar 10, 2020, 8:37am EDT\nBoston Globe via Getty Images\nWith its dense runs of side-by-side townhouses and rowhouses, its apartment and condo buildings one after the other, and its triple-deckers arranged tightly together (whatever the sunlight on four sides), it can be difficult to imagine, let alone find, a sizable lawn in Boston.\nIn fact, a prospective homebuyer’s best bet would be to look beyond the city, to suburbs such as Brookline, Newton, Dedham, and Needham for bonafide lawns—though even there greenswards might be difficult to locate compared with much of the rest of the U.S., never mind quite expensive.\nBut where to look within Boston proper? If you must have a lawn—and there’s a whole school of thought about why you should not—better to look in a handful of neighborhoods that, because of their topography and history, offer the most options.\nAlso, one final note: We’re taking lawns here, not small yards or brick patios. Such accoutrement are pretty common throughout Boston, but they don’t necessarily provide the green.\nAn 864-square-foot single-family on West Street retailing for $499,000.\nBoston Trust Realty Group\nBoston’s southernmost and youngest neighborhood (it wasn’t annexed until 1912), Hyde Park is named for the famous greensward in London. It’s appropriate. The neighborhood is full of smaller single-families and low-rise apartment buildings on neat plots of grass.\nThat lack of density and that distance from the city’s urban core lends Hyde Park to having more such lawns.\nRoslindale resident Steven Gag in 2014 with his backyard orchard.\nThe potential for finding a lawn in Roslindale is right in the final syllable: Locals named it after Roslin, a bucolic village outside of Edinburgh, Scotland. Boston did not annex Roslindale until 1873, and the city has never really drawn the farther-flung neighborhood—one of Boston’s southernmost—into downtown’s aesthetic orbit.\nPart of that’s the topography and the geography—primarily that distance—but also part of it is zoning that has long encouraged the development of single-families and other smaller properties, many of them converted into condos and apartments and touting the access to shared or private greenery.\nWest Roxbury’s Stratford Street is typical of much of the neighborhood.\nRoslindale’s neighbor—the two have had a fierce, though good-natured rivalry stretching back decades—shares much of the same makeup and zoning. In fact, the once-independent town—Boston absorbed it in 1874—has more single-families.\nAnd that brings with it some of the most sizable lawns in Boston proper, generally on streets with a decidedly suburban look and feel.\nWhere Boston housing prices have increased the most\nThe 5 best homebuying apps for the Boston region\nThe 5 types of buyers in Boston’s housing market now\nWhere to look when you’re looking for a loft in Boston\nWhere to live in Boston in 2020\nA newly constructed, 2,800-square-foot single-family on Rockwood Terrace near Jamaica Pond. It’s asking $2.195 million.\nThe Muncey Group\nSome areas of JP are lusher than others in terms of lawns. Look near Jamaica Pond for the most options. The neighborhood is famous for having more public parkland than any other Boston enclave, so the greenery is not that surprising.\nBecause its zoning has long encouraged developments larger than the typical single-family, JP doesn’t have quite the relative abundance of lawn options that a West Roxbury or a Hyde Park might have, but they’re there. And they’re generally in better shape.\nThis 1,664-square-foot colonial in Ashmont sold for $700,000 in late 2019.\nBoston’s largest neighborhood has probably its most diverse housing stock, including likely around one-third of all triple-deckers ever built in Massachusetts. Part of that stock are sizable single-families—Victorians and colonials, a lot of them—and those houses tend to have larger yards. And the houses are not all that expensive compared with similarly sized properties in Boston.\nBecause Dorchester is so big—6 square miles, give or take—we suggest narrowing your search to its Ashmont (including Ashmont Hill), Savin Hill, and Neponset areas. These are your best bets for Dorchester lawns.\nDetroit Land Bank | From Curbed Detroit\nThe Detroit Land Bank and its many controversies, explained\nFirst-Time Homebuying | From Curbed\nCurbed wants to hear your homebuying story\n8 first-time homebuyer programs for the Boston area, explained\nView all stories in First-Time Homebuying","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1310615"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9589566588401794,"wiki_prob":0.9589566588401794,"text":"Published: January 23, 2021, 9:20 AM\nTags: Phil Foden, Sports, Kyle Walker, Ilkay Gundogan, Pep Guardiola, Mikel Arteta, Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, Joao Cancelo, Gabriel Jesus, Kyle Walker-Peters\nFA Cup holder Arsenal eliminated, Man City survives scare\nPublished: January 23, 2021, 9:20 AM Updated: January 23, 2021, 6:28 PM\nPA Wire\nArsenal's Nicolas Pepe, center, battles for the ball with Southampton's James Ward-Prowse, left, and Stuart Armstrong during the Emirates FA Cup fourth round soccer match at St. Mary's Stadium, Southampton, England, Saturday Jan. 23, 2021. (Catherine Ivill/PA via AP)\nSOUTHAMPTON – Last season’s FA Cup winner Arsenal was eliminated from the competition in the fourth round on Saturday thanks to Gabriel’s own-goal in a 1-0 loss to Southampton, while Manchester City survived a scare to beat fourth-tier Cheltenham 3-1.\nIn an otherwise close game, Gabriel's decision to try to block a shot from Kyle Walker-Peters proved decisive for Arsenal losing its hold on the cup.\nRight-back Walker-Peters was allowed plenty of space to overlap the Arsenal defense, but his shot looked to be heading narrowly wide of the far post before Gabriel's failed attempt deflected the ball off the post and in. It was the first goal Arsenal had conceded since Dec. 26 after five consecutive shutouts.\n\"I’m very disappointed because we wanted to continue in the competition, we had a dream to do it again like last year and the dream today is over,” Arsenal manager Mikel Arteta said.\n“I am as well disappointed with the way we conceded the goal in an area where we know we shouldn’t be doing that,\" he added. \"At the same time, I cannot fault the effort of the players, how they tried and how they went to get a goal in the second half.”\nArsenal has won the FA Cup a record 14 times and Arteta before kickoff called it “our favorite competition.” Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang scored both of the team's goals in the 2-1 win over Chelsea in last year's final, but he wasn't available Saturday due to what Arteta called “a personal matter.” Arteta said he couldn't yet predict when Aubameyang might return.\nSouthampton moves on to a fifth-round game away at Wolverhampton, which beat sixth-tier Chorley on Friday.\nCITY UNDER PRESSURE\nCheltenham came close to one of the biggest shocks in the 150-year history of the FA Cup before Pep Guardiola's City team scored three late goals.\nA long throw-in from Cheltenham captain Ben Tozer caused a mix-up in the City defense and Alfie May seized on a deflection to stab the ball into the net.\nIn the 81st minute City finally pulled level as Phil Foden met Joao Cancelo's cross at the far post and knocked the ball into the net. Gabriel Jesus scored City's second three minutes later to avoid extra time, though his goal may have been deemed offside if the video review system — not used in cup games at non-Premier League stadiums — had been in operation.\nFerran Torres added a third in stoppage time to ensure City moves on to play Swansea in the fifth round.\n“We learned to suffer and at the end the quality made the difference. We won the game and we are happy to win this game in this type of competition,\" Guardiola said. “We knew how tough it would be and the response from the players was magnificent.”\nCity had been brilliantly denied an opener after 12 minutes. Tommy Doyle’s cross was half cleared to Benjamin Mendy and the defender’s angled rocket was cleverly — and bravely -- cleared off the line for a corner by Tozer.\nGuardiola tried to use the game to give his young players experience, but ended up bringing Cancelo, Ruben Dias and Ilkay Gundogan off the bench.\n“The players they brought on from the bench probably tells you something, and the way they celebrated the goals probably tells you something as well,\" Cheltenham manager Michael Duff said. \"I think they’ll know they’ve been in a game.”\nThe game was briefly interrupted in the first half with the score at 0-0 because of a nearby fireworks display in Cheltenham's red and white colors. Even in defeat, Cheltenham's battling performance against one of the world's biggest clubs will likely become part of local folklore.\nSHEFFIELD WINS AGAIN\nPremier League clubs Brighton, West Ham and Sheffield United all won their fourth-round games against lower-league teams. Brighton edged out third-tier Blackpool 2-1, while West Ham cruised to a 4-0 win over Doncaster. Sheffield didn't win a game in any competition this season until Jan. 9 but has now won three of its last four following Saturday's 2-1 win over Plymouth.\nVILLA ON THE RISE\nAston Villa beat Newcastle 2-0 to move within three points of sixth-place Everton in the only Premier League game on Saturday.\nOllie Watkins and Bertrand Traore scored first-half goals for the hosts.\nNewcastle lost its fourth straight league game and is in 16th place, increasing the pressure on manager Steve Bruce.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line166986"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9435150623321533,"wiki_prob":0.9435150623321533,"text":"Blog Briefing Room\nOctober 21, 2017 - 01:39 PM EDT\nBiden on McCain being intimidated by Trump: 'Give me a break'\nBy Brandon Carter\nFormer Vice President Joe Biden said in a new interview that President Trump won't be able to intimidate Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.).\n\"The idea that Trump is going to intimidate John McCain? Give me a break,\" Biden told The New York Times.\nBiden was asked about the exchange of words between Trump and McCain this week after McCain gave a speech blasting nationalist forces that was seen by many, apparently including the president, as a thinly-veiled attack on Trump.\n\"People have to careful, because at some point I fight back,\" Trump told WMAL radio host Chris Plante the following day when asked about McCain. \"I'm being very nice. I'm being very, very nice. But at some point I fight back, and it won't be pretty.\"\nMcCain, a former prisoner of war, quickly fired back, saying: \"I've faced far greater challenges than this.\"\nMcCain slammed \"half-baked, spurious nationalism\" in the United States in his Monday speech.\n\"To fear the world we have organized and led for three-quarters of a century, to abandon the ideals we have advanced around the globe, to refuse the obligations of international leadership and our duty to remain 'the last best hope of earth' for the sake of some half-baked, spurious nationalism cooked up by people who would rather find scapegoats than solve problems is as unpatriotic as an attachment to any other tired dogma of the past that Americans consigned to the ash heap of history,\" McCain said after receiving the National Constitution Center's Liberty Medal.\nBiden said McCain's speech was, to him, a \"message to the country.\"\n\"I think he was delivering a message to the country, to his colleagues and to any of the opinion makers that would listen, and that is, 'Look, this is serious stuff, our role in the world is not guaranteed, democracy is not guaranteed, we know how to do this and, damn it, we'd better focus and know what's at stake,'\" Biden told the Times.\nMcCain, who was diagnosed with brain cancer in July, served in the Navy for more than two decades and spent years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam.\nTrump has attacked McCain in the past, notably when the senator voted against a GOP bill to repeal and replace ObamaCare.\nBeijing reports first locally transmitted omicron case in lead-up to Olympics\nWoman pushed in front of NYC subway, killed\nOkinawa, hub for US military bases in Japan, reports record number of COVID-19 infections\nPence says both Capitol riot and nixing filibuster are a 'power grab'\nDeSantis says he disagreed with Trump's decision to shut down economy at start of pandemic","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line465034"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6848999857902527,"wiki_prob":0.3151000142097473,"text":"Christian Engelmann, Ph.D.\nSenior Scientist & Group Leader, Oak Ridge National Laboratory\nxSim – The Extreme-scale Simulator\nredMPI – A Redundant MPI\nProactive Fault Tolerance Framework\nHybrid Full/Incremental System-level Checkpointing\nSymmetric Active/Active High Availability for HPC System Services\n2021-…: An Open Federated Architecture for the Laboratory of the Future\n2015-…: Resilience Design Patterns: A Structured Approach to Resilience at Extreme Scale\n2018-2019: rOpenMP: A Resilient Parallel Programming Model for Heterogeneous Systems\n2015-2019: Catalog: Characterizing Faults, Errors, and Failures in Extreme-Scale Systems\n2013-16: Hobbes – OS and Runtime Support for Application Composition\n2013-16: MCREX – Monte Carlo Resilient Exascale Solvers\n2012-14: Hardware/Software Resilience Co-Design Tools for Extreme-scale High-Performance Computing\n2011-12: Extreme-scale Algorithms and Software Institute\n2009-11: Soft-Error Resilience for Future-Generation High-Performance Computing Systems\n2008-11: Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS) for Petascale High-End Computing and Beyond\n2008-11: Scalable Algorithms for Petascale Systems with Multicore Architectures\n2006-09: Harness Workbench: Unified and Adaptive Access to Diverse HPC Platforms\n2006-08: Virtualized System Environments for Petascale Computing and Beyond\n2004-07: MOLAR – Modular Linux and Adaptive Runtime Support for High-End Computing\n2004-06: Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS) for Terascale Computing\n2002-04: Super-Scalable Algorithms for Next-Generation High-Performance Cellular Architectures\n2000-05: Harness – Heterogeneous Distributed Computing\nPeer-reviewed Journal Papers\nPeer-reviewed Conference Papers\nPeer-reviewed Workshop Papers\nPeer-reviewed Conference Posters\nCo-advised Theses\nBibTeX Citations\nHome > Uncategorized\t> About Me\nDr. Christian Engelmann is a Senior Scientist and the Intelligent Systems and Facilities Group Leader at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) largest multiprogram science and technology laboratory with an annual budget of $2.4 billion. He has more than 21 years experience in software research and development for extreme-scale high-performance computing (HPC) systems with a strong funding and publication record. In collaboration with other laboratories and universities, Dr. Engelmann’s research solves computer science challenges in HPC software, such as scalability, dependability, energy efficiency, and portability.\nHis primary expertise is in HPC resilience, i.e., providing efficiency and correctness in the presence of faults, errors, and failures through avoidance, masking, and recovery. Dr. Engelmann is a leading expert in HPC resilience and was a member of the DOE Technical Council on HPC Resilience 2013-2015. He received the 2015 DOE Early Career Award for research in resilience design patterns for extreme scale HPC. His secondary expertise is in lightweight simulation of future-generation extreme-scale supercomputers with millions of processing units, studying the impact of hardware and software properties on the key HPC system design factors: performance, resilience, and power consumption. Dr. Engelmann is also an expert in system software for parallel and distributed systems.\nDr. Engelmann is leading ORNL’s Intelligent Systems and Facilities Group, which addresses system software challenges for scientific instruments and facilities. The group collaborates with computer, computational, instrument and domain science experts across ORNL, other national laboratories, and universities to foster scientific leadership in smart systems, instruments, and facilities. The group’s research and development connects scientific instruments and facilities with edge and leadership computing capability and provides operational intelligence with machine-in-the-loop feedback. It enables science breakthroughs with autonomous experiments, “self-driving” laboratories, smart manufacturing, and AI-driven design, discovery and evaluation.\nDr. Engelmann earned a Dipl.-Ing. (FH), a German engineering degree and M.Sc. equivalent, in Computer Systems Engineering from the University of Applied Sciences Berlin, Germany, in 2001, a M.Sc. in Computer Science from the University of Reading, UK, also in 2001 as a conjoint degree, and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Reading in 2008. He is a Senior Member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He is also a Member of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) and the Advanced Computing Systems Association (USENIX).\nDownload the NSF-style 2-page bio. Download the full list of publications. Resume available upon request.\nengelmannc@computer.org|engelmannc@ornl.gov\nP.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6164, USA Tel.:+1 (865) 574-3132\norcid.org/0000-0003-4365-6416\nScopus ID: 18037364000\n14 Research grants ($31.57M, 6 as lead investigator): 113 Peer-reviewed articles/papers: 4,478 Publication citations:\n6 Current direct reports 13 Journal articles H-index: 33, i10-index: 71\n8 Co-advised M.Sc. theses 55 Conference papers Erdős number: 3\n4 Mentored summer faculty 45 Workshop papers 173 Committees at 47 conference series\n59 Invited talks and seminars 12 Peer-reviewed conference posters 60 Journal article and book proposal reviews\nAwards: 2015 US Department of Energy Early Career Research Award\nOngoing Research Activities\n2021-…: The Open Federated Architecture for the Laboratory of the Future project connects scientific instruments, robot-controlled laboratories and edge/center computing/data resources to enable autonomous experiments, “self-driving” laboratories, smart manufacturing, and AI-driven design, discovery and evaluation. … more.\n2015-…: The Resilience Design Patterns project will increase the ability of scientific applications to reach accurate solutions in a timely and efficient manner. Using a novel design pattern concept, it identifies and evaluates repeatedly occurring resilience problems and coordinates solutions throughout high-performance computing hardware and software. … more.\n2021-03-30: DOE Advanced Scientific Computing Research. New Approach to Fault Tolerance Means More Efficient High-Performance Computers.\n2021-01-04: HPCwire. What’s New in HPC Research: GPU Lifetimes, the Square Kilometre Array, Support Tickets & More.\n2018-11-19: HPCwire. What’s New in HPC Research: Thrill for Big Data, Scaling Resilience and More.\n2018-08-05: inside HPC. Characterizing Faults, Errors and Failures in Extreme-Scale Computing Systems.\n2015-07-15: ASCR Discovery. Mounting a charge. Early-career awardees attack exascale computing on two fronts: Power and resilience.\n2015-07-15: HPC Wire. Tackling Power and Resilience at Exascale.\n2012-11-21: ComputerWorld. Supercomputers face growing resilience problems.\n5 Most Cited Peer-Reviewed Publications\nSymbols: Abstract, Publication, Presentation, BibTeX Citation\nA. B. Nagarajan, F. Mueller, C. Engelmann, and S. L. Scott. Proactive Fault Tolerance for HPC with Xen Virtualization. In Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS) 2007, June, 2007. DOI 10.1145/1274971.1274978. Accept. rate 23.6% (29/123). 497 citations.\nM. Snir, R. W. Wisniewski, J. A. Abraham, S. V. Adve, S. Bagchi, P. Balaji, J. Belak, P. Bose, F. Cappello, B. Carlson, A. A. Chien, P. Coteus, N. A. Debardeleben, P. Diniz, C. Engelmann, M. Erez, S. Fazzari, A. Geist, R. Gupta, F. Johnson, S. Krishnamoorthy, S. Leyffer, D. Liberty, S. Mitra, T. Munson, R. Schreiber, J. Stearley, and E. V. Hensbergen. Addressing Failures in Exascale Computing. International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications (IJHPCA), volume 28, number 2, May, 2014. DOI 10.1177/1094342014522573. 425 citations.\nD. Fiala, F. Mueller, C. Engelmann, K. Ferreira, R. Brightwell, and R. Riesen. Detection and Correction of Silent Data Corruption for Large-Scale High-Performance Computing. In Proceedings of the 25th IEEE/ACM International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) 2012, November, 2012. DOI 10.1109/SC.2012.49. Accept. rate 21.2% (100/472). 342 citations.\nC. Wang, F. Mueller, C. Engelmann, and S. L. Scott. Proactive Process-Level Live Migration in HPC Environments. In Proceedings of the 21st IEEE/ACM International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) 2008, November, 2008. DOI 10.1145/1413370.1413414. Accept. rate 21.3% (59/277). 228 citations.\nJ. Elliott, K. Kharbas, D. Fiala, F. Mueller, K. Ferreira, and C. Engelmann. Combining Partial Redundancy and Checkpointing for HPC. In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) 2012, June, 2012. DOI 10.1109/ICDCS.2012.56. Accept. rate 13.8% (71/515). 187 citations.\n5 Most Recent Peer-Reviewed Publications\nM. Kumar and C. Engelmann. RDPM: An Extensible Tool for Resilience Design Patterns Modeling. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing (Euro-Par) 2021 Workshops: 14th Workshop on Resiliency in High Performance Computing (Resilience) in Clusters, Clouds, and Grids, August, 2021. Accept. rate 66.7% (4/6).\nM. Kumar, S. Gupta, T. Patel, M. Wilder, W. Shi, S. Fu, C. Engelmann, and D. Tiwari. Study of Interconnect Errors, Network Congestion, and Applications Characteristics for Throttle Prediction on a Large Scale HPC System. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing (JPDC), volume 153, July, 2021. DOI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2021.03.001.\nS. Hukerikar and C. Engelmann. PLEXUS: A Pattern-Oriented Runtime System Architecture for Resilient Extreme-Scale High-Performance Computing Systems. In Proceedings of the 25th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC) 2020, December, 2020. DOI 10.1109/PRDC50213.2020.00014. Accept. rate 40.9% (18/44).\nG. Ostrouchov, D. Maxwell, R. Ashraf, C. Engelmann, M. Shankar, and J. Rogers. GPU Lifetimes on Titan Supercomputer: Survival Analysis and Reliability. In Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) 2020, November, 2020. DOI 10.1109/SC41405.2020.00045. Accept. rate 25.1% (95/378).\nM. Kumar and C. Engelmann. Models for Resilience Design Patterns. In Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) Workshops 2020: 10th Workshop on Fault Tolerance for HPC at eXtreme Scale (FTXS) 2020, November, 2020. DOI 10.1109/FTXS51974.2020.00008. Accept. rate 66.7% (6/9).\nCopyright © 2010-2022 Christian Engelmann, Ph.D.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line117429"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6378918290138245,"wiki_prob":0.36210817098617554,"text":"Mesoblast Limited Proprietary Stem Cells For Heart Failure Highlighted At Major Cardiology Conference\nAustralia's regenerative medicine company, Mesoblast Limited (ASX:MSB)(PINK:MBLTY), announced today that the thirteenth patient enrolled in the ongoing Phase 2 clinical trial for congestive heart failure had been safely implanted with the proprietary adult stem cells during a live case at the American Heart Association's annual conference, currently underway in New Orleans.\nThe procedure was performed by cardiologists from the Texas Heart Institute and broadcast during a satellite symposium titled 'Future Direction of Stem Cells in Cardiovascular Disease'. The annual American Heart Association conference is the premier symposium for American cardiologists.\nThe multi-centre trial is testing the safety and effectiveness of Revascor(TM), the proprietary allogeneic, or \"off-the-shelf\", stem cell product being developed for patients with congestive heart failure by Mesoblast's United States-base! d sister company Angioblast Systems Inc.\nRevascor! (TM) is delivered to damaged areas of the heart by a minimally invasive cardiac catheterisation procedure performed under local anaesthesia while the patient is awake. Patients undergoing the procedure are released from the hospital within 24 hours.\nThe placebo-controlled trial will randomise up to 60 patients suffering from congestive heart failure at various sites in the United States, including California, Arizona, Minnesota, and Texas. The first cohort of patients in the trial is expected to be completed by the end of December.\nAbout Heart Failure\nAlmost six million Americans have congestive heart failure, a progressive form of cardiovascular disease that inhibits the heart from pumping blood throughout the body, with 550,000 new cases diagnosed each year. The extensive morbidity and mortality associated with this disease make it a principal health and economic burden in the Western world. Existing therapies do not result in repair or regenerat! ion of heart muscle. Revascor(TM), a trademark of Angioblast Systems Inc, is being developed to rebuild both blood vessels and heart muscle.\nAbout Mesoblast Limited\nMesoblast Limited (ASX:MSB)(USOTC:MBLTY) is an Australian biotechnology company committed to the development of novel treatments for orthopaedic conditions, including the rapid commercialisation of a unique adult stem cell technology aimed at the regeneration and repair of bone and cartilage. Our focus is to progress through clinical trials and international regulatory processes necessary to commercialise the technology in as short a timeframe as possible.\nMesoblast has the worldwide exclusive rights for a series of patents and technologies that have been developed over more than 10 years and which relate to the identification, extraction and culture of adult Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs). The Company has also acquired a substantial interest in Angioblast Systems Inc, an A! merican company developing the platform MPC technology for the! treatme nt of cardiovascular diseases, including repair and regeneration of blood vessels and heart muscle. Mesoblast and Angioblast are jointly funding and progressing the core technology. Mesoblast's strategy is to maximise shareholder value through both corporate partnerships and the rapid and successful completion of clinical milestones.\nMesoblast Limited","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1572212"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9234520196914673,"wiki_prob":0.9234520196914673,"text":"Creators, AFF Will Be In-Person in October!\nThe Austin Film Festival & Writers Conference will return to an in-person festival and conference for its 28th year.\nCelebrate! Writers and filmmakers will once again be able to commune at one of the nation’s best events for creators, the Austin Film Festival. The eight-day festival will take place Oct. 21-28 in Austin, Texas.\nAFF will feature four full days of panel conversations and discussions on the art, craft, and business of screenwriting with some of the industry’s biggest names. There will also be eight days of film screenings highlighting some of the best emerging talent and premiere studio films as part of its marquee programming.\nFor those still unable to travel, AFF will offer a virtual badge, which will include a selection of panels and films recorded at the festival.\nAFF has also named Scott Frank as its 2021 Bill Wittliff Award for Screenwriting recipient.\nFrank is an Oscar- and Emmy-nominated writer and director whose screenplay credits include Little Man Tate, Dead Again,Get Shorty, Minority Report, The Interpreter, Marley & Me, The Wolverine, Logan, the Netflix limited series Godless (writer/director), and The Queen’s Gambit (writer/director).\nFrank will be recognized at the 2021 Awards Luncheon on Saturday, Oct. 23, and will participate in festival and conference programming.\nThe Festival also announced several conference guests, including Peter Craig (The Batman), Javier Grillo-Marxuach (Lost), Meg LeFauve (Inside Out), and Nicole Perlman (Guardians of the Galaxy). More panelist announcements are sure to come.\nYou can learn more at the Austin Film Festival website.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line297143"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5249038934707642,"wiki_prob":0.5249038934707642,"text":"Entrepreneurship News\nStudent team places second at Global Grand Challenges Summit\nSeptember 26, 2019 NC State News\nA team of NC State engineering students with a goal of making your morning cup of joe more sustainable finished second in a business plan competition at the National Academy of Engineering’s 2019 Global Grand Challenges Summit in London.\nThe theme for this year’s summit was “Engineering in an unpredictable world,” with a focus on two sub-themes, including one on sustainability as the world’s population increases.\nTo address that sub-theme, the five students created the business Peak Coffee Processing and developed an affordable treatment process to filter wastewater from coffee production into clean water and fertilizer that can be used by coffee growers to increase crop yields and reduce topsoil erosion.\nThe NC State team traveled to London for the competition and finished second overall in the competition and first among teams from the United States, receiving a £7,500 prize. There were 16 finalist teams in the competition — five from the United Kingdom, six from the United States and five from China. Other U.S. teams were from Dartmouth University, Oklahoma State University, UC San Diego, University of Southern California and University of Rochester.\nThe team of five students are: Silvana Alfieri, a senior double-majoring in environmental engineering and environmental policy; Kevin Duke, a junior majoring in civil engineering; Rachel Figard, a junior majoring in industrial and systems engineering; Grant Jordan, a senior majoring in industrial and systems engineering; and Pippin Payne, a senior double-majoring in mechanical engineering and religious studies. Their mentor is Dr. David Parish, assistant dean of academic affairs for the College of Engineering.\nTheir team was selected from more than two dozen U.S. teams to compete in the business plan competition at the summit, which took place Sept. 12-18. The summit occurs every two years and is the result of collaboration among the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), the U.K.’s Royal Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Each academy selected five student teams for the competition.\nThe NC State team aimed to set themselves apart by approaching the issue of sustainability from both individual and societal viewpoints and worked to come up with an idea that united the two interests.\nThis post was originally published in College of Engineering News.\nView Comments 0 total responses\nMore Entrepreneurship News\nStartup Stories: 321 Coffee\nShaping How We Train Arts Entrepreneurs\nLearning Beyond the Classroom: An Alumnus Celebrates a Patent Award Milestone\nEntrepreneurship Home\n1017 Main Campus Drive, Suite 1650\nentrepreneurship@ncsu.edu\naria-hidden=\"false\">\nAbout NC State Entrepreneurship\nAlliance Resources","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line768110"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7082610726356506,"wiki_prob":0.7082610726356506,"text":"The Terms of Order\nCedric J. Robinson 1980-01-01\nPublisher: SUNY Press\nGenre: Political Science\nDo we live in basically orderly societies that occasionally erupt into violent conflict, or do we fail to perceive the constancy of violence and disorder in our societies? Cedric J. Robinson contends that our perception of political order is an illusion, maintained in part by Western political and social theorists who share a dependence on the concept of leadership as a basis for describing and prescribing social order. Robinson uses a variety of critical approaches in his analysis: he synthesizes elements of psychoanalysis, structuralism, Marxism, classical and neoclassical political philosophy, and sociology to support his case for considering Western thought on leadership to be mythological rather than rational. He then presents examples of historically developed \"stateless\" societies with social organizations that suggest conceptual alternatives to the ways political order has been conceived in the West. As an American Black political theorist, Robinson examines Western thought from the vantage point of a people only marginally integrated into Western institutions and intellectual traditions. His perspective on the conceptualization that structures Western thinking on the most basic levels contributes to the questioning on how our conduct, values, and even perceptions may be shaped by our symbolization.\nElements of Social and Political Philosophy\nAuthors: Jan J.T. Srzednicki\nThe general purpose of this book differs from those of most of the works found traditionally in the field of political philosophy. Firstly, the present approach is in no way prescriptive or normative, as the interest centres on explication rather than an evaluative assess ment of this, that or another type of arrangement, or act. 1 It will be clear that I am in complete disagreement with Gewirth when he claims that \"The central concern of political philosophy is the moral evaluation of political power. \" It seems obvious that the under standing of political and social forms of life, and a fortiori of political power, must come before its evaluation. This cannot be provided by moral assessment alone. Thus an analytical or explicative approach which promotes such understanding must come first, and must be the \"central concern\" of the appropriate philosophical discipline. This is not to say that moral assessment is illegitimate, nor even that it cannot be one of the concerns of political philosophy, but it is to deny that it can be central, even though it might be somebody's central interest. To the extent to which this book is successful it will provide an argu mentin my favour - if the job can be done, obviously it is of primary importance. But we should not assume that it cannot be done unless we can show that there is no separate sphere of political and/or social phenomena.\nHegel: Elements of the Philosophy of Right\nAuthors: Georg Wilhelm Fredrich Hegel\nType: BOOK - Published: 1991-10-25 - Publisher: Cambridge University Press\nThis book is a translation of a classic work of modern social and political thought. Elements of the Philosophy of Right, Hegel's last major published work, is an attempt to systematize ethical theory, natural right, the philosophy of law, political theory, and the sociology of the modern state into the framework of Hegel's philosophy of history. Hegel's work has been interpreted in radically different ways, influencing many political movements from far right to far left, and is widely perceived as central to the communitarian tradition in modern ethical, social, and political thought. This edition includes extensive editorial material informing the reader of the historical background of Hegel's text, and explaining his allusions to Roman law and other sources, making use of lecture materials which have only recently become available. The new translation is literal, readable, and consistent, and will be informative and scholarly enough to serve the needs of students and specialists alike.\nAuthors: Cedric J. Robinson\nType: BOOK - Published: 1980-01-01 - Publisher: SUNY Press\nAn Introduction to the Social and Political Philosophy of Bertolt Brecht\nAuthors: Anthony Squiers\nType: BOOK - Published: 2014 - Publisher: Rodopi\nBooks about An Introduction to the Social and Political Philosophy of Bertolt Brecht\nLectures on the History of Political Philosophy\nAuthors: Professor John Rawls, John Rawls\nType: BOOK - Published: 2007 - Publisher: Belknap Press\nThis last book by the late John Rawls, derived from written lectures and notes for his long-running course on modern political philosophy, offers readers an account of the liberal political tradition from a scholar viewed by many as the greatest contemporary exponent of the philosophy behind that tradition. Rawls’s goal in the lectures was, he wrote, “to identify the more central features of liberalism as expressing a political conception of justice when liberalism is viewed from within the tradition of democratic constitutionalism.” He does this by looking at several strands that make up the liberal and democratic constitutional traditions, and at the historical figures who best represent these strands—among them the contractarians Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau; the utilitarians Hume, Sidgwick, and J. S. Mill; and Marx regarded as a critic of liberalism. Rawls’s lectures on Bishop Joseph Butler also are included in an appendix. Constantly revised and refined over three decades, Rawls’s lectures on these figures reflect his developing and changing views on the history of liberalism and democracy—as well as how he saw his own work in relation to those traditions. With its clear and careful analyses of the doctrine of the social contract, utilitarianism, and socialism—and of their most influential proponents—this volume has a critical place in the traditions it expounds. Marked by Rawls’s characteristic patience and curiosity, and scrupulously edited by his student and teaching assistant, Samuel Freeman, these lectures are a fitting final addition to his oeuvre, and to the history of political philosophy as well.\nThe Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal\nAuthors: Iqbal Singh Sevea\nThis book reflects upon the political philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal, a towering intellectual figure in South Asian history, revered by many for his poetry and his thought. He lived in India in the twilight years of the British Empire and, apart from a short but significant period studying in the West, he remained in Punjab until his death in 1938. The book studies Iqbal's critique of nationalist ideology and his attempts to chart a path for the development of the 'nation' by liberating it from the centralizing and homogenizing tendencies of the modern state structure. Iqbal frequently clashed with his contemporaries over his view of nationalism as 'the greatest enemy of Islam'. He constructed his own particular interpretation of Islam – forged through an interaction with Muslim thinkers and Western intellectual traditions – that was ahead of its time, and since his death both modernists and Islamists have continued to champion his legacy.\nWittgenstein and Political Philosophy\nAuthors: John W. Danford\nCategories: Language and languages\nBooks about Wittgenstein and Political Philosophy\nThe Moral, Social and Political Philosophy of the British Idealists\nAuthors: William Sweet\nType: BOOK - Published: 2017-03-17 - Publisher: Andrews UK Limited\nThe British idealists of the late 19th and early 20th century are best known for their contributions to metaphysics, logic, and political philosophy. Yet they also made important contributions to social and public policy, social and moral philosophy and moral education, as shown by this volume. Their views are not only important in their own right, but also bear on contemporary discussion in public policy and applied ethics. Among the authors discussed are Green, Caird, Ritchie, Bradley, Bosanquet, Jones, McTaggart, Pringle-Pattison, Webb, Ward, Mackenzie, Hetherington, Muirhead, Collingwood and Oakeshott. The writings of idealist philosophers from Canada, South Africa, and India are also examined. Contributors include Avital Simhony, Darin Nesbitt, Carol A. Keene, Stamatoula Panagakou, David Boucher, Leslie Armour, Jan Olof Bengtsson, Thom Brooks, James Connelly, Philip MacEwen, Efraim Podoksik, Elizabeth Trott and William Sweet.\nThe Elements of Law, Natural and Politic (Dodo Press)\nAuthors: Thomas Hobbes\nCategories: Law\nType: BOOK - Published: 2009-06 - Publisher:\nThomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher, remembered today for his work on political philosophy. His 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of social contract theory. He also contributed to a diverse array of fields, including history, geometry, physics of gases, theology, ethics, general philosophy, and political science. He was one of the main philosophers who founded materialism. He visited Florence in 1636 and later was a regular debater in philosophic groups in Paris, held together by Marin Mersenne. Hobbes's first area of study was an interest in the physical doctrine of motion and physical momentum. Despite his interest in this phenomenon, he disdained experimental work as in physics. He built a good reputation in philosophic circles and in 1645, he was chosen with Descartes, Gilles de Roberval and others, to referee the controversy between John Pell and Longomontanus over the problem of squaring the circle. His other works include: The Elements of Law Natural and Politic (1640) and De Cive (The Citizen): Philosophical Rudiments Concerning Government and Society (1651).\nThe Right to Justification\nAuthors: Rainer Forst\nType: BOOK - Published: 2011-12-27 - Publisher: Columbia University Press\nContemporary philosophical pluralism recognizes the inevitability and legitimacy of multiple ethical perspectives and values, making it difficult to isolate the higher-order principles on which to base a theory of justice. Rising up to meet this challenge, Rainer Forst, a leading member of the Frankfurt School's newest generation of philosophers, conceives of an \"autonomous\" construction of justice founded on what he calls the basic moral right to justification. Forst begins by identifying this right from the perspective of moral philosophy. Then, through an innovative, detailed critical analysis, he ties together the central components of social and political justice freedom, democracy, equality, and toleration and joins them to the right to justification. The resulting theory treats \"justificatory power\" as the central question of justice, and by adopting this approach, Forst argues, we can discursively work out, or \"construct,\" principles of justice, especially with respect to transnational justice and human rights issues. As he builds his theory, Forst engages with the work of Anglo-American philosophers such as John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin, and Amartya Sen, and critical theorists such as Jürgen Habermas, Nancy Fraser, and Axel Honneth. Straddling multiple subjects, from politics and law to social protest and philosophical conceptions of practical reason, Forst brilliantly gathers contesting claims around a single, elastic theory of justice.\nAuthors: John Christman\nThis accessible and user-friendly text will prove invaluable to any student coming to social and political philosophy for the first time. It provides a broad survey of fundamental social and political questions in modern society, as well as clear, accessible discussions of the philosophical issues central to political thought. Topics covered include: the foundations of political authority, the nature and grounds of economic justice, the limits of tolerance, considerations of community, race, gender, and culture in questions of justice, and radical critiques of current political theories.\nAuthors: John Philip Christman\nType: BOOK - Published: 2002 - Publisher: Psychology Press\nThis accessible and user-friendly text offers a broad survey of some of the fundamental philosophical questions concerning social and political relations in modern society.\nBig Book Of Pond Building\nWould You Rather…? For Women\nComparative Law and Regulation\nMedia Studies: Theories And Approaches\nPro ASP.NET MVC 4\nAnatomy of Murder\nThe Physiology of the Carbohydrates\nCurrent Biography Yearbook 2011\nDeep Church\nThe Big Book of Jewish Humor","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1491937"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8749346733093262,"wiki_prob":0.8749346733093262,"text":"2015 – John Polmear\nJohn Polmear\nJohn has had an illustrious career in the Western Australian Cinema Industry spanning some 60 years.\nHe began his career in the Industry in 1951 in the Despatch Department at Metro Goldwyn Mayer in Perth. The following year, he moved to Paramount Pictures as a Despatch Assistant. Here he gained experience as a Film Examiner and Despatch Clerk before progressing through to the Advertising Sales Department to eventually become Head Booker for theatres throughout Western Australia in 1961.\nIn February 1969, after eleven years with Paramount Pictures, John resigned to take up the position of Licensee of the Sandhurst Hotel in Carnarvon, on the north-west coast of Western Australia. Then in November 1969 he was approached by Alfred Jarrett, the then Managing Director of Paramount Pictures, and was offered the position of West Australia Branch Manager, which he accepted. It was obvious that John’s real passion lay with the Cinema Industry. In a Press Release at the time, Alfred Jarrett said …\n“he was pleased indeed to welcome back John Polmear into the Paramount fold, and believed that his long Industry experience equipped him ideally to manage the company’s interests in Perth.”\nJohn returned to Paramount Pictures in January 1970 to take up the position of WA Branch Manager. Then in June that year, he was appointed WA Branch Manager for C.I.C. (Cinema International Corporation Pty Ltd), which was the merger between Paramount Pictures and Universal Pictures. The company was later to become U.I.P. (United International Pictures Pty Ltd) which, in addition to distributing product from the studios of Paramount and Universal, also obtained control of product from United Artists and Metro Goldwyn Mayer. As the WA Branch Manager, John worked closely with exhibitors from both the company chains and independents in programming, film booking, buying, session times, advertising\nbudgets, merchandising, promotions and media outlets, which included TV, radio and Press. John remained the West Australian Branch Manager for U.I.P. for 21 years, when in August 1991, he was transferred to Despatch Services Pty Ltd, where he remained until 1997. He then took up a position with Reading Cinemas as Administration Manager at their new complex at Mandurah, south of Perth.\nJohn retired from managing Reading Cinemas in 1998 to live in Mandurah, but did not bow out of the Cinema Industry altogether. He had joined the Society of Australian Cinema Pioneers in 1977, and was elected Treasurer of the WA Branch in 1996. Then when Arthur Stiles (one of WA’s leading Cinema Pioneers, who held the position of President of the WA Branch of the Cinema Pioneers) retired in 2007, John was duly elected to the Presidency role. He still serves as both\nPresident and Treasurer of the WA Branch today. In 1987, John was elected as a Trustee to the Board of the West Australian Motion Picture Benevolent Fund, becoming Treasurer of the Fund in 1989. Then in 1997, when the Benevolent Fund became a company limited by guarantee, John became a Director at that time. In 2006, John was awarded the “Life Time Achievement Award” by the Directors of the Fund.\nIn 1997, together with the late Col Porter, John received the United International Pictures “Achievement Award”. This was the first time this award had been presented outside the United Kingdom. Then in 2002, John was chosen as the WA Branch’s “Cinema Pioneer of the Year”.\nJohn considers it …\n“… an honour and privilege to be named National Cinema Pioneer of the Year for 2015, especially when you peruse the names of those who previously received this award.”\nCategories: National, Pioneer of the YearBy Kevin Adams - Webmaster October 18, 2015\nPreviousPrevious post:2014 – Jenny WardNextNext post:2015 – Wendy Paterson","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1533812"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6683263182640076,"wiki_prob":0.33167368173599243,"text":"One of only a few maps of the period created from first-hand knowledge\nBy THEVET, Andre, 1575\nQvarte Partie dv Monde.\nAmerica Continent of America\nAuthor: THEVET, Andre\nPublication place: [Paris\nPublisher: L’Huillier\nPhysical description: Double-page and folding woodcut map, two closed tears crossing the image extending from the left-hand margin, lower left-hand margin renewed.\nDimensions: 365 by 480mm (14.25 by 19 inches).\nFrom the first edition, of the fourth volume of Thevet’s ​‘Cosmographie universelle’, 1575, here in a state not recorded by Burden, corresponding to his first state, but without the title above the neatline, even though there is a wide and untrimmed top margin.\nAlthough the geography of the map is mainly derived from that of Ortelius, Thevet, in his accompanying text, claims to have based his map of America on his own first-hand observations. Thevet did in fact visit America, returning from Brazil in 1555, and the map contains some interesting information not found in other maps of the period. Thevet has added placenames along the northeastern seaboard of North America. The map’s depiction of southwest south America is a sort of compromise between maps showing the bulge in Chile, first depicted by Mercator in 1569, and subsequent maps that have corrected it, first by Ortelius in 1570.\n​“The region in Brazil where France dabbled in trade and prostelytizing is appropriately called ​‘France Antartique’, as dubbed by Villegagnon, who considered himself to be ​‘King of America’. Here Thevet, long anticipating most mapmakers, introduces the name ​‘r. Janairo’. Directly inland, Thevet’s missionary role in the New World is reflected in his knowledge of various Indian peoples. Most prominent is ​‘Toupinambaux’, the Tupinamba Indians known to us mainly through the adventures of the German adventurer Hans Staden, whom they had held captive shortly efore thevet’s second trip. Thevet and Staden appear to have witnessed similar rituals in Tupinamba life; e.g., both offer a similar description of a Tupinamba burial (unless the apparent corroboration is an illusion resulting from plagerism on the part of Thevet)” (Suarez).\nIn a break from tradition, the great landmass to the south, ​“Partie de la Terre Antartique Incongneve”, teams with life: people, animals and lush vegetation. Thevet fudges the relationship between Terra Australis and New Guinea by placing his explanatory text, addressed to the ​“amiable reader”, within a large strapwork cartouche there.\nAndré Thevet (1516–1590), ​“was a Franciscan monk who travelled extensively in Europe and made a reputed short journey to South America. Upon his return he records that he sailed along the eastern coast of North America / … The fine map / … relies largely on the Mercator model of 1569, most noticeably with the bulge to the north-west coast of North America. The southern continent, ​‘Partie de la Terre Antartique Incogneue’, is full of descriptions of natives hunting, fishing and socialising. The geography and nomenclature of North America are largely derived from other sources. The quality of this block is very high and it is a shame that it is not more easily found” (Burden 46).\nAlden-Landis 575/31\nAlden, J. and Landis, D., eds. (1980). European Americana: A Chronological Guide to Works Printed in Europe Relating to the Americas, 1493–1776, New York: Readex Books.\nBorba de Moraes II, 859\nMoraes, R. (1983). Bibliographia brasiliana. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center Publications University of California.\nSabin 95335\nSabin, J. (1962). A Dictionary of books relating to America. Amsterdam: Israel.\nSuarez, Shedding the Veil, 32\nSuárez, T. (1992). Shedding the veil. Singapore: World Scientific.\nNissen ZBI 4110\nRonsil 2906\nA map of Chicago’s gangs, from Thrasher’s seminal study\nTHRASHER, Frederic M., 1926.\nVenezuela and Curaçao\nBREGANTE, S, 1866.\nA chart of the Bahamas\nQUESADA, Jose Maria de & NOGUERA, Juan., 1858.\nVenezuela, showing Caracas & Curaçao\nDIRECCION HIDROGRAFICA DE MADRID, 1816.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1015148"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5675691962242126,"wiki_prob":0.43243080377578735,"text":"About TSB\nLynne Peacock\nLynne Peacock - Senior Independent Non-Executive Director\nLynne Peacock joined the Board on 22 April 2020 and became TSB’s Senior Independent Director on 1 January 2021. She has held Board level appointments for over twenty years, and is currently a Non-Executive Director of Serco plc (which she joined in 2017 and where she is currently the Senior Independent Director) and Royal Mail plc (which she joined in 2019). She has previously been a Non-Executive Director of Nationwide Building Society, Jardine Lloyd Thompson plc, Standard Life Aberdeen plc and Scottish Water. Lynne was Chief Executive UK of National Australia Bank (NAB) from 2004 to 2011. She was responsible for around 8,500 people in NAB’s businesses in the UK. During that time, she integrated Clydesdale and Yorkshire banks into one entity and kept the business profitable during the financial crisis.\nBefore NAB, Lynne spent twenty years working at Woolwich plc. She started in 1983 and worked in a variety of senior marketing roles within the Woolwich, including Head of Marketing, Marketing Manager and Market Development Manager. She became Group Operations Director in 1996 with accountability for all of the UK businesses. She became Chief Executive of Woolwich plc on completion of the take-over by the Barclays Group in October 2000. Prior to joining the Woolwich, Lynne held marketing roles with Tate and Lyle, and Unilever.\nLynne is also Chair of the Board of Trustees of Learning Disability Network London Limited. Lynne holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Business Studies.\nRemuneration committee (Chair)\nRisk Committee\nRegulatory News Service","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line842734"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6162530183792114,"wiki_prob":0.3837469816207886,"text":"\"Dear Radio\" - A Thank-You from 826Michigan\nDear Radio,\nYou make my day better. Without you, I would sit and be bored. Books can take you places but so can your favorite song. Songs describe the feeling of the places, whether they're good or bad. Some are real and some are make believe. Feelings are also blended into words, describing people's fears, life stories, and hopes. They let me know that I can relate to other people out there. Sometimes I get so lost in the music that I block out everything else. I must admit I enjoy your company a little too much! Thanks for drowning me in your airwaves so I can have a good time. Without you I'd go crazy.\nYour pal,\nAdalia Alvarez\n826michigan is a non-profit organization dedicated to supporting students (ages 6 to 18) with their creative and expository writing skills, and to helping teachers inspire their students to write. http://www.826michigan.org/\nJoin WCBN on the Diag TODAY! 10/22\nWCBN will be occupying the University Diag with a live broadcast from 12-1 PM this afternoon. Please come dance with us, in public! We will have amplified sound so it should turn out to be poodles of fun. I heard something about a dancing hot dog but cannot say more than that...\nThom Yorke and Atoms for Peace Boycott Spotify\nhttp://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2013/07/14/thom-yorke-and-atoms-for-peace...\nSaying they are defending the rights of new and emerging recording artists, Thom Yorke and Atoms for Peace have removed their tracks from Spotify, the commercial music streaming service.\nBest known for his work with Radiohead, Yorke pulled his 2006 solo album “The Eraser” while the band Atoms for Peace, which Yorke leads, took down their ’13 disk “Amok.” As of earlier this afternoon, both tracks from Yorke’s ’09 two-sided single “The Hollow Earth” and “Feeling Pulled Apart by Horses” are still available on the service, as are some of his remixes and guest appearances.\nA representative for Spotify had no comment.\nYorke wrote: “Make no mistake, new artists you discover on Spotify will not get paid. Meanwhile shareholders will shortly begin rolling in it. Simples.”\nOn its website, Spotify, which is reported to have some six-million paid subscribers, claims to pay royalties in relation to an artist’s popularity on the service. “For example, we will pay out approximately 2% of our gross royalties for an artist whose music represents approximately 2% of what our users stream,” it states. “A popular song or album can generate far more revenue for an artist over time than it historically would have from upfront unit sales.” To see the full statements, go here.\nNew Transmitter in 2013\nWCBN's engineering staff is working toward a projected December, 2013 timeframe to deploy our new FM signal. Check out the signal increase on this map. The blue line shows the current signal coverage, while the red line outlines the area we will cover after upgrading our signal to 3000 watts.\nThere are about 274,000 residents in the new coverage area, compared to 118,000 in the current coverage area. We expect improved reception in places like Dexter and Saline.\nSupport from our listeners, volunteers, and the Regents of the University of Michigan has made this upgrade project possible.\nI'll take \"Radio, Radio\" for $800, Alex.\n\"Jeopardy!\" viewers on Wednesday night, April 24, 2013 gained extremely valuable knowledge upon seeing this clue on the screen.\nJust Listen!\nIngenuityPictures has produced a short documentary about WCBN to mark our 40th year of FM broadcasting. Our DJs and volunteers explain the history and current state of the radio station, and why this radio station is important to the culture of Ann Arbor, Michigan. Do you enjoy learning about new music? Want to explore our amazing record library? We are always on the lookout for new student DJs! We have tens of thousands of vinyl records, CDs, and cassettes you can dig through. And dig. Join us! Introductory training sessions are held every Sunday at 4pm in our lobby. Go to the Thompson St. entrance of the SAB (corner of Jefferson) and call 763-3500. Say you're here for training, and we'll buzz you in. Or email training AT wcbn DOT org! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJyVMiR4Hlc","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line903881"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5301440954208374,"wiki_prob":0.4698559045791626,"text":"Posted on January 2, 2022 by Virginie Pronovost\nEarlier today, I confirmed, thanks to Letterboxd (the social network of cinephiles), that I had seen a total of 199 new-to-me films in 2021. Not bad! That included fiction films, documentaries, short, medium-length and feature films. I might have forgotten to register some. I don’t know. So, let’s say it was around 200. If I could briefly resume my year in films via bullet points, it would sort of go that way:\nWilliam Holden‘s filmography completed (yes!!)\nMany new-to-me films directed by women\nMany new-to-me British films\nGeorge Segal\nAmerican actor George Segal posed in England at a press call to promote his latest film ‘Blume In Love’ circa 1973. (Photo by Larry Ellis Collection/Getty Images)\nDirector Joan Micklin Silver\nAs we just entered 2022, a year during which I hope to discover more films, I thought it would be fun to make a top list of my favourite cinematographic discoveries of 2021. Of course, I won’t do a top 200 because it would be too long to organise, but I decided to limit myself to 15 films. These are all films that I immensely enjoyed and that meant something for me. So, it will be a good representation.\nI’ve decided to include only fiction features. I did see a lot of good documentaries and short films. However, it would be too much like comparing oranges and apples if I included them so it would for another occasion.\nBefore going further, bear in mind that, as usual, this is a list of favourites, not of best. It is purely subjective and based on my own preferences. I’m not claiming that these are objectively the best films but simply that they are the ones I personally prefer. But, in my opinion, this list contains films that are indeed masterpieces and others that aren’t necessary but that remain good entertainment (for me at least)!\nWithout further ado, here we go!\n15. Running on Empty (Sidney Lumet, 1988)\nI had forgotten that Sidney Lumet directed that film. No wonder why it was so good! I watched it on what marked the great late River Phoenix’s birthday. The actor received a well-deserved Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor ( lost to Kevin Kline in A Wish Called Wanda). However, I’m not sure why he wasn’t nominated for Best Actor instead. To me, he’s pretty much the main actor in the film! I’m not an expert on how the Academy evaluates things tho.\n14. Raising the Wind (Gerald Thomas, 1961)\nOk, this is one of those entertaining films without being a masterpiece. But a film in the style of a Carry On, especially one with Leslie Phillips and Kenneth Williams, is almost sure to please me. Yeah, it’s silly as you would expect it to be, but it certainly won’t leave you bored or indifferent!\n13. A Touch of Class (Melvin Frank, 1973)\nI watched that film for the article on the great late George Segal that I wrote for the film magazine Séquences last summer. I have to make a big confession: that was my first Glenda Jackson film! I know, I know, shame on me and blah-blah-blah. She was great and even won the Best Actress Oscar for her performance. So, I’m looking forward to seeing more of her films. PS: I also saw my first Susannah York film in 2021 (The 7th Dawn).\n12. The Revengers (Daniel Mann, 1972)\nI had no expectations whatsoever for that film and thought it would just be meh. Obviously, I quickly changed my opinion, and it turned out to be an agreeable surprise. Directed by the man who also made Come Back Litle Sheba, a film I love, The Revengers is, in my opinion, a very underrated western. It somehow made me think of The Wild Bunch and The Professionals. So if you like those two westerns, I definitely encourage you to give a chance to The Revengers!\n11. Children of a Lesser God (Randa Haines, 1986)\nNot only that film was directed by a woman, but it also stars the first deaf actress who won an Oscar for Best Actress (for that film in question): Marlee Maltin. She’s also the youngest actress to have won an Oscar for that same category. I had seen her previously in my favourite David Bowie’s film, The Linguini Incident, in which she plays a pretty badass character. William Hurt, who plays the new teacher at a deaf and hard of hearing school, is great also and delivers a performance with lots of passion. Too bad to know that he was disagreeable with Marlee Maltin during the making of the film.\n10. Sleuth (Joseph L. Mankiewicz, 1972)\nThat film paring two great British actors of two completely different generations: Laurence Olivier and Michael Caine, certainly won’t leave you indifferent. Its execution is simple, yet, it’s a very complex story. Somehow, I didn’t remember Joseph L. Mankiewicz, an American, made it. Anyway, American or not, he was a great director, so the picture benefited from his talents! Sadly, that was his last film. But a brilliant swan song, that’s for sure!\n9. Crossing Delancey (Joan Micklin Silver, 1988)\nThat is another film I watched during my films-directed-by-women marathon last March. Sadly enough, the director, Joan Micklin Silver, passed away about two months after I saw it. That brilliant and free of clichés romantic comedy opposes Amy Irving (Carrie) and Peter Riegert (Local Hero). Among all the many good things we can remember from that film, let’s not forget that hilarious lesson that it’s tricky to put on lipstick in a moving car!\n8. What a Carve Up! (Pat Jackson, 1961)\nAnd here is another film with a bunch of Carry On actors (including the lovely Shirley Eaton, who only appeared in three of them). I especially liked that Kenneth Connor, my favourite Carry On actor alongside Kenneth Williams, had the main role. You feel it was his film. Interestingly British actor Dennis Price mixed himself with that bunch of Carry On actors. He and Shirley Eaton both starred in the 1965 version of Ten Little Indians, and somehow, that film reminded me of What aCarve Up!. If you’re looking for a great horror comedy to watch next Halloween, I certainly recommend that one!\n7. 12 Years a Slave (Steve McQueen, 2013)\nI don’t know why I waited so long before seeing that film. I was obviously missing something great (and moving)! That poignant film was based on Solomon Northup’s memoir. In 1841, he was captured by white men and made a slave in Louisiana for… 12 years. The film puts in your face the terrible injustices that black people were victims of in the US at that time because slavery was a thing. And we all know that injustices still go on for them. They are not represented in the same way, but they are still here. Anyway, 12 Years a Slave is not an easy film to watch. However, it’s an important one that puts the light on a shameful period of US history.\n6. After Hours (Martin Scorsese, 1985)\nThere would be so many things to say to praise that underrated comedy by Martin Scorsese. First of all, if you want to see a film by that director without gangsters, without Robert De Niro or Leonardo DiCaprio (don’t get me wrong, I love them), you should definitely give After Hours a try. I loved that the story evolves thanks to a bunch of crazy and unbelievable coincidences. They truly set the humoristic tone of the film. The story is simple. During a night, a guy played by a very likeable Griffin Dunne (An American Werewolf in London, Who’s That Girl?) is the victim of various misfortunes. Among the people he meets during his journey, the underrated Rosanna Arquette plays one of them.\n5. Too Many Crooks (Mario Zampi, 1959)\nOk, I swear this is the last Carry On-esque film on my list! Too Many Crooks is, in my opinion, not just an entertaining comedy. I’m ready to call it a film of quality. However, among the Carry On actors, there’s only Sidney James and a very young Bernard Bresslaw (he was only 25- and so tall)! Joining them was Brenda De Banzie, the hilarious Terry-Thomas and George Cole.\n4. The Summit of Gods (Le Sommet des Dieux, Patrick Imbert, 2021)\nI saw that film not a long time ago with my two best friends at the Cinémathèque québécoise in Montreal. And what a shock (in the good sense of the term)! That is an A-class animation. It was so well-made that it almost felt real. Add to that the top-notched sound dimension that almost makes us feel as if we were on the snowy mountains with the characters, feeling the icy weather. Plus, it’s really the type of story that keeps you at the edge of your seat. I recommend it to anybody who’s just willing to watch something unforgettable!\n3. Knives Out (Rian Johnson, 2019)\nI don’t remember what made me watch that film, but I’m so glad I did. I loved the story à la Agatha Christie, the colourful cinematography, the casting, the setting. It was one of Christopher Plummer’s last films. There’s a sequel that should be released in 2022, and Edward Norton (one of my favourite “contemporary actors”) is in it. I’m so down for that!\n2. The Mirror Has Two Faces (Barbara Streisand, 1996)\nIt isn’t necessarily a masterpiece. However, in terms of personal tastes, it was a memorable discovery. I watched it on the day George Segal passed away as he plays a supporting role in it. Barbra Streisand and Jeff Bridges play the leading role in this highly enjoyable romantic comedy, and they share great chemistry. Among the supporting cast, there’s also Pierce Brosnan and Lauren Bacall. Not bad Conradl! And guess what? You can watch that little gem on Netflix!\nSuspense!\n1- The Italian Job (Peter Collinson, 1969)\nThat is the type of British film that goes in my chords. It’s a thrilling story, plus it has a touch of well-appreciated British humour. The beginning with the Rossano Brazzi driving his convertible in the Alps is one I could watch over and over again. The main characters are played by Michale Caine and the great Noël Coward. If you’re looking for a bit of action in the form of a heist film, that one should be high on your list. It almost makes me want to own a Mini Cooper! I also liked that it takes place in Torino, a beautiful Italian city I’ve visited on three occasions. Interestingly enough, in 2021, I saw two other films by Peter Collinson, The Earthling (his last film) and Open Season. But I liked The Italian Job much better than those two.\nThat’s it! Of course, I saw many other great films in 2021! And some mediocre ones, but not so many, to be honest. Interestingly, there aren’t any films older than 1959 on that list, but it’s a pure coincidence. I’ll be curious to know what are the best films you discovered in 2021! Let me know in the comments!\nPosted in Movie of the 60's, Movies of the 2010s, Movies of the 2020s, Movies of the 50's, Movies of the 70's, Movies of the 80's, Movies of the 90's, Opinion Text, Top List\tTagged Top of the World\n← An Experience at Montreal International Documentary Festival (RIDM)\n3 thoughts on “Top of the World: 15 Favourite New-to-Me Films Watched in 2021”\nRealweegiemidget Reviews says:\nI ADORE this list and so many to watch now Ginnie – you certainly love your Carry On actors and actresses almost as much as Mr Holden. Hoping you hold a blogathon in both their honours this year. You have reminded me again to watch Sunset Boulevard…\nI really miss hosting and participating in blogathon. I must admit with the job it was just impossible. But I’m gonna try to work on that!\nYay, its thanks to you I’ve discovered so many William Holden films and Arthur Kennedy. Hope you bring both these leading men back.. (and more).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line245741"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6538065075874329,"wiki_prob":0.34619349241256714,"text":"One Ocean, Two Shades: Perceptions about the Indian Ocean\n/luce.nt/ was established in 2010 as a forum to advance thinking and to promote dialogue in an online symposium for policy makers, scholars, and practitioners within the international security community “on all questions relating to war and to statesmanship connected with war, or the prevention of war.” The thoughts and opinions expressed in this online publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the U.S. Naval War College.\nCapt. Sameer Saxena, Indian Navy, “One Ocean, Two Shades: Perceptions about the Indian Ocean,” /luce.nt/: A Journal of National Security Studies (Fall 2011).\nThe Indian Ocean and India itself and how the United States views this area of the world is discussed in light of history, India’s recent growth and influence in the region as well as globally, and the opportunities presented through an adjustment to the U.S. lens. The current focus is on China. Should it really be on India? The importance of regional actors working in coordination with the support of extra-regional actors and methods to move in that direction are discussed. …\nA historical preview provides an understanding of past challenges and the present opportunity for a paradigm shift. A study of the economic and geopolitical differences explains the inertia against such a shift, while a reflection of the commonality of national interests demonstrates the imperatives to overcome such inertia. Three instances of divergent policy perspectives are examined so as to appreciate differences and to identify a way ahead. …\nIndo – US bilateral relations have through recent strategic engagement developed mutual trust which renders historical differences of security paradigms irrelevant. India has traditionally had an independent foreign policy yet by virtue of its democratic governance and adherence to international norms, there are considerable commonalities of national interests and an increasing convergence of security objectives. Inadequate appreciation of differences in perspectives has resulted in policy differences that have inhibited synergy in the maritime domain. It is imperative that the leadership of both nations capitalize on mutual capabilities, respective geopolitical strengths, and the mutual reservoir of trust. The United States has been the guardian of the global commons during the latter part of the 20th century. In an environment of state and non-state actors seeking anti access capabilities, the United States must seek new partnerships to ensure freedom in the global commons. The Indian Ocean Region is an area of confluence of dangers: WMD proliferation, radical terrorism, unstable states, piracy and illicit activities. These demand focused attention and synergy of efforts. Failure to do so could result in a catastrophe such as an al-Qaida WMD attack which could be either in New York or New Delhi. Neither is improbable nor inevitable. Cooperative engagement alone can minimize risks.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line896773"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7280556559562683,"wiki_prob":0.7280556559562683,"text":"The Bizarre Link between Your Gut and Parkinson’s\n(WellnessPursuits.com) – What would you think if we told you your gut health might make a difference as to whether or not you’ll develop Parkinson’s disease? Researchers have begun to think just that, and your appendix may play the biggest role. It might seem like a bizarre connection, but that useless tiny organ attached to your intestine could have one more dirty trick up its sleeve. How it all works is just as bizarre as it sounds.\nParkinson’s and GI Problems\nIn hindsight, it seems like a lot of Parkinson’s patients notice an onset of chronic constipation and other stomach issues long before they notice any of the other tell-tale signs of the disease. Up until recently, this was seen as just another symptom. Now, researchers believe it may be evidence of the disease starting in the gut.\nOne piece connecting the gut with Parkinson’s disease is the presence of a specific protein that initially develops there, then later accumulates in the brain. This protein, known scientifically as alpha-synuclein, may collect in response to bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, and in a lot of cases could even serve as part of the body’s defense against dangerous diseases.\nThere’s a twist, though. Researchers are still trying to figure out why, but sometimes the protein folds into an unusual shape that causes it to clump together, cluttering up the brain. Like prions, the proteins responsible for mad cow disease, misfolded alpha-synuclein proteins infect other proteins they come in contact with, leading to a cascade of destruction.\nStudies on gingivitis and Alzheimer’s, another neurodegenerative disease, could offer another clue. Research has shown that some bacteria, like the one responsible for causing gum disease, can produce toxins that cause certain proteins to misfold, leading to disease. If similar causes are behind the protein misfolding in Parkinson’s, then an infection may be responsible for its symptoms as well.\nInfection Connection\nThere’s more. The infection theory holds a lot of weight. Researchers are still trying to pinpoint the specific infections responsible, although Helicobacter pylori is one possible candidate. The most compelling evidence backing the infection theory comes from a study where scientists injected fecal matter from Parkinson’s patients into the guts of mice. Those mice all developed motor function issues.\nThe inflammation resulting from an infection or imbalance could be another component. Inflammation can cause “leaky gut” and reduce the effectiveness of the blood-brain barrier, making it easier for bacteria to travel to and from those areas. And then, there’s the vagus nerve, which is where things start to get really weird. Researchers believe the clumps of alpha-synuclein may use this nerve, which spans all the way to the stomach, as a highway to the brain. Studies have even shown severing this nerve can prevent some cases of Parkinson’s disease from forming (not that doing so is a valid solution in any way, shape, or form).\nConnecting the Appendix\nSo back the appendix. Otherwise serving no function, that tiny organ appears to play a major role by serving as a reservoir for all those potentially dangerous bacteria. But the bizarreness continues: Depending on the study, having your appendix removed can either drastically increase or decrease your chances of developing Parkinson’s disease. Since these findings have been significant, a connection is clearly there. That connection, and why appendix removal has such varying effects, is still being researched.\nMany of the mysteries behind Parkinson’s disease may still be as unclear as they are strange, but the pieces are slowly coming together. More research into the role of alpha-synuclein could lead to new medications that reduce its production or block it from traveling to the brain. If upcoming drug trials are successful, Parkinson’s disease could soon be managed or even prevented with a pill.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1587380"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9477453231811523,"wiki_prob":0.9477453231811523,"text":"Polartropica on the Challenges of Releasing a Debut Album During a Pandemic\nLove in the Time of Coronavirus\nJun 18, 2020 By Paul Bullock Web Exclusive\nFor Ihui Cherise Wu, one of the leaders of Los Angeles’ emerging queer pop scene, Friday, March 13th, 2020, should have been a triumph. Her musical project, Polartropica, was scheduled to release its debut album, Dreams Come True. The following night she was set to headline LOVE IS GAY, the most recent installment of the touring, all-ages LGBTQ+ festival/fundraiser, at The Bootleg Theater. It was supposed to be the culmination of three years of hustling; of writing, recording, and releasing singles; of playing dozens of hometown-shows and touring the U.S.; of filming elaborate videos and constant, colorful social media promotion. Then, Los Angeles shut down.\n“Everything escalated pretty quickly,” says Wu. “Shows were starting to get cancelled but Tame Impala had just played two shows the two nights leading up, so we were going back and forth. We were like, should we postpone? Should we cancel?”\nWhen it became obvious this installment of the festival was not happening, Wu felt “a wave of relief. I was sad but I was also glad that everyone was on the same page to be safe until the right time.”\nThe acts scrambled to put together a live stream. Twenty-four hours later, with some minor technical difficulties, they managed to pull it off. Looking back now and realizing that it was going to be last time for a while that Wu would see a large group of musicians gathered together, “it kinda felt like a last hurrah.” It was a reassuring event at an uncertain time but an undoubtedly unfortunate way to welcome Dreams Come True into the world.\nFollowing 2016’s Astrodreams EP, Wu had started writing the new material that would become her debut album with the initial goal of just putting out singles for a while. With the help of producer C.M. Rodriguez, she began demoing the new songs in bedrooms and garages around Silverlake during her free time from selling real estate, working at neighborhood restaurants, and teaching music to children.\n“Crystal Ramen,” the first of these tracks, was released in August of 2017. It’s a good example of Polartropica’s sound: dreamy, glittery, synth-y, and accompanied by emotionally complex, often surprisingly dark lyrics.\n“It’s kind of a heavy album,” says Wu, laughing.\nAs the rest of Dreams Come True began to take shape, subjects like animal rights, school shootings, and the USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal provided intruding inspiration for songs that directly address more personal topics such as witnessing a friend’s emotionally devastating breakup or being forced to deal with a problematic boss.\nIn the middle of these recordings, Rodriguez relocated to Tulsa, OK, shifting their collaboration onto the Internet, with Wu making occasional flights east to complete the work in person. The finished product features guest appearances by her live band’s guitarist Alexander Noice, composer Bobby Halvorson, and singer/songwriter/guzheng player Jett Kwong, whom Wu met when they shared a bill at an event celebrating Asian Pacific American Heritage Month.\n“It’s been quite a process,” says Wu. “Now that I’m looking back, it took quite a while. But I wasn’t in a rush because we were playing a lot of shows, and it felt like everything was organic. So we were pretty busy the whole time.”\nWith the help of her live band and a close-knit group of friends like Lucy & La Mer, WASI, and mini bear, Wu has made Polartropica a distinguished fixture in the diverse LA hipster underground, performing in retro-futuristic costumes with increasingly elaborate staging and choreography at venues such as The Satellite, The Echo, and the wildly popular street festival Chinatown Summer Nights. Along the way she’s been collaborating on a series of ambitious music videos with directors such as White Sitar, Tess O’Connor, and Stephanie Kim, who made “Another Life,” the first of an anticipated trilogy with reoccurring characters and an interconnected storyline. But, that’ll have to wait until it’s safe for her crew to get together again.\nIn the interim, Dreams Come True is finally out, and Wu hopes that people will find some solace in it. “I feel like music really helped me get through hard times,” she says. “So I kind of did that with this record. It’s for everybody. For myself, for my friends, and everyone else too.”\nwww.polartropica.com\nwww.facebook.com/polartropica/\nwww.twitter.com/Polartropica\nwww.instagram.com/polartropica/\n&lt;a href=“http://polartropica.bandcamp.com/album/dreams-come-true” mce_href=“http://polartropica.bandcamp.com/album/dreams-come-true”&gt;DREAMS COME TRUE by POLARTROPICA&lt;/a&gt;\nSupport Under the Radar on Patreon.\nMitakshara_Mishra\nJune 23rd 2020\nI found your article on Google when I was surfing, it is written very nicely and is optimized. Thank you I visit your website regularly.\ntinsukia pin code","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1764841"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8090018630027771,"wiki_prob":0.8090018630027771,"text":"Guns N’ Roses: Sweet Child O’ Mine tops 1 billion YouTube views\nThe video for Guns N’ Roses’ 1987 smash, “Sweet Child O’ Mine”, has passed the 1 billion views mark on YouTube.\nThe third track issued from the band’s debut, “Appetite For Destruction” - which remains the group’s only US No. 1 single – was uploaded to the video site on Christmas Eve 2009.\n“This moment is yours,” says Guns N’ Roses on social media. “#GnFnR history is made as Sweet Child O' Mine has hit over 1 billion views on YouTube.”\nYouTube Music also shared a congratulatory video about the latest feat, which marks the second time Guns N’ Roses has reached the landmark milestone online after “November Rain” became the first music video from the pre-YouTube era (the site launched in 2005) to surpass the 1 billion views mark in July of 2018.\nThe all-time top YouTube videos are still led by recent songs, with its top 20 all from this decade, including Luis Fonsi’s “Despacito”, which clocks in with more than 6.48 billion views.\nGuns N’ Roses are currently playing dates on a fall run of shows as part of their ongoing Not In This Lifetime tour.\nONE BILLION VIEWS 🎉 Welcome back @gunsnroses 🏆 https://t.co/dNx7RSDYJ3 pic.twitter.com/YFsPzWvh2a\n— YouTube Music (@youtubemusic) October 15, 2019\nGuns N’ Roses to headline Lollapalooza in Chile, Argentina and Brazil\nVIDEO: Guns N’ Roses perform 1991 rarity for first time in three decades\nVIDEO: Guns N’ Roses play intimate Los Angeles show\nGuns N’ Roses announce intimate Los Angeles show\nSearch Guns N Roses at hennemusic\nLabels: Guns N Roses, Slash","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line152969"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6935742497444153,"wiki_prob":0.6935742497444153,"text":"Erin Tumminello, Staff Writer\nNovember 20th, 2020 was Transgender Day of Remembrance, which was a day dedicated to transgender people whose lives had been lost. Unfortunately, many members of the transgender community face significant discrimination and have been victims of violence and hate crimes. This day serves as a memorial to transgender indivuduals who have been killed as a result of such acts of violence, as well as those who have committed suicide.\nEach year, members of Massapequa High School’s Gay and Straight Alliance (GSA) observes this day by wearing black clothing, wearing black ribbons, and setting up a table with a list of victims who died. Information about the day itself, as well as definitions of transgender and similar terms, are also provided. The GSA also honors those who had died by releasing balloons with the names of the victims written on them. Due to COVID-19, the table setup and balloon release could not occur, but members still recognized the day. “Transgender Day of Remembrance is an important day to the LGBT community, especially the transgender community, because they are often overlooked,” says Laura Philbin, the president of the GSA. “They are the target of violent crimes at disproportionate rates and they are also more likely to attempt suicide due to hate from family, friends, and society as a whole. We should use this day to reflect upon the lives lost and to reflect on our own actions and attitudes towards the transgender community.”\nSadly, transphobia (discrimination and hostility toward transgender people) still exists. But there are ways to help combat it. Making sure to support and accept transgender peers, as well as respecting their pronouns, is incredibly important. Showing support toward organizations such as the Trevor Project and GLSEN (Gay, Lesbian, & Straight Education Network) is also a way to help people in need. An additional way to help is to use resources such as the aforementioned organizations to become more educated about the LGBT+ community and problems that individuals in the community face.\nWorking together in order to make the world a more accepting place is crucial, and it all starts with promoting equality and acceptance for everyone.\nMassapequa High School’s 2021 Pep Rally\nMr. Brian Conboy Returns to Massapequa\nSchool, Stress, and Strive: Is it Too Much for Students?\nAwareness Week at Massapequa High School\nMusic to Our Ears… Students learn Music Theory at MHS\nTelescope at Massapequa Library\nTri-M: Massapequa Music Mentor Program\nChanges to Massapequa Music\nMHS Unite and Show Their School Pride\nMassapequa Goes Virtual…Again","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line126791"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7804573774337769,"wiki_prob":0.7804573774337769,"text":"Home :: Chess :: Openings\nAlekhine's Defence\n1.e4 Nf6\nB02-B05\nAlexander Alekhine, Budapest 1921\nNamed after\nAlexander Alekhine\nKing's Pawn Game\nAlekhine's Defence is a hypermodern chess opening that can begin with the moves:\n1. e4 Nf6\nBlack tempts White's pawns forward to form a broad pawn centre, with plans to undermine and attack the white structure later in the spirit of hypermodern defence. White's imposing mass of pawns in the centre often includes pawns on c4, d4, e5, and f4. Grandmaster Nick de Firmian observes of Alekhine's Defence in MCO-15 (2008), \"The game immediately loses any sense of symmetry or balance, which makes the opening a good choice for aggressive fighting players.\"\nThe Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) has four codes for Alekhine's Defence, B02 through B05:\nB02: 1.e4 Nf6\nB03: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 (including the Exchange Variation and Four Pawns Attack)\nB04: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 (Modern Variation without 4...Bg4)\nB05: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 Bg4 (Modern Variation with 4...Bg4)\nThe opening is named after Alexander Alekhine, who introduced it in the 1921 Budapest tournament in games against Endre Steiner and Fritz Sämisch. Four years later, the editors of the Fourth Edition of Modern Chess Openings (MCO-4) wrote:\nNothing is more indicative of the iconoclastic conceptions of the 'hypermodern school' than the bizarre defence introduced by Alekhine ... . Although opposing to all tenets of the classical school, Black allows his King's Knight to be driven about the board in the early stages of the game, in the expectation of provoking a weakness in White's centre pawns.\nIn addition to Alekhine, another early exponent of the defence was Ernst Grünfeld.\nThe popularity of Alekhine's Defence waxes and wanes; currently it is not very common. De Firmian observes, \"The fashion could quickly change if some champion of the opening takes up the cause, as the results Black has obtained in practice are good.\" The opening's current highest-rated proponent is Grandmaster Vassily Ivanchuk, although Lev Alburt played it at grandmaster level almost exclusively during his career and was responsible for many contributions in both theory and practice. De Firmian writes, \"Currently Grandmasters Shabalov and Minasian use the opening with regularity, while Aronian, Adams, and Nakamura will use it on occasion. In the past, great players such as Fischer and Korchnoi included the defense in their repertoire, leading to its respectable reputation.\"\nAfter the usual 2. e5 Nd5, three main variations of Alekhine's Defence use 3.d4, but there are other options for White at this point. Two of the most common versions are the Exchange Variation and the Four Pawns Attack. The Exchange Variation continues 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6. White has some space advantage. Black can capitalise on the half-open centre with ...g6, ...Bg7 with ...Bg4 eventually being played. The Four Pawns Attack continues 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4. White has a somewhat larger space advantage though the centre is not fixed. Black has a number of options. Black can play ...Qd7 with ...0-0-0 and ...f6 putting pressure on White's d pawn. Black can play ...Nb4 with ...c5 hoping to exchange the d pawn. Finally, Black can play ...Be7 with ...0-0 and ...f6 attacking the centre. Minor variations include O'Sullivan's Gambit, 3.d4 b5 (intending 4.Bxb5 c5 5.dxc5?? Qa5+), and 3.d4 d6 4.Bc4, the Balogh Variation.\nFour Pawns Attack: 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4\nFour Pawns Attack 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4\nThe Four Pawns Attack is White's most ambitious try, and the variation which perhaps illustrates the basic idea of the defence best: Black allows White to make several tempo-gaining attacks on the knight and to erect an apparently imposing pawn centre in the belief that it can later be destroyed. The game can become very sharp since White must either secure his advantage in space or make use of it before Black succeeds in making a successful strike at it. Black must also play vigorously because passive play will be crushed by the White centre. The Four Pawns Attack is not particularly popular because many White players are wary of entering a sharp tactical line which Black may have prepared. The main line continues 5...dxe5 6.fxe5 Nc6 7.Be3 Bf5 8.Nc3 e6 9.Nf3\nAn alternative is the sharp Planinc Variation, 5...g5!?. Black hopes for 6. fxg5? dxe5, wrecking White's centre and leaving him with weak pawns. The line is named after grandmaster Albin Planinc, who championed it in the 1970s. Template:Citatation needed It was then taken up in the 1990s by correspondence player Michael Schirmer, whose games were noted in a recent book on Alekhine's Defence by notable British GM and Alekhine exponent Nigel Davies.\nExchange Variation: 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6\nExchange Variation 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6\nThe Exchange Variation is less ambitious than the Four Pawns Attack. White trades pawns, accepting a more modest spatial advantage. Black's main decision is whether to recapture with the solid 5...exd6, which will lead to a fairly strategic position, or the more ambitious 5...cxd6 when Black has a preponderance of pawns in the centre. The third recapture 5...Qxd6 is also possible since the fork 6.c5 can be answered by 6...Qe6+, but the line is considered inferior since Black will sooner or later need to deal with this threat.\nIn the sharper 5...cxd6 line, Black usually aims to attack and undermine the white pawn on d4, and possibly c4 as well. To do this, a usual plan involves a fianchetto of the king bishop to g7, playing the other bishop to g4 to remove a knight on f3 which is a key defender of d4, while black knights on b6 and c6 bear down on the white pawns on c4 and d4. Cox gave the game Jainy Gomes vs. Guillermo Soppe to illustrate Black's intentions.\nA popular setup from White to prevent Black's plan is the Voronezh Variation (named after the Russian city Voronezh, where the line was invented, by players such as Grigory Sanakoev). The Voronezh is defined by the opening sequence 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6 cxd6 6.Nc3 g6 7.Be3 Bg7 8.Rc1 0-0 9.b3. White's setup delays kingside development so that Black has trouble developing pieces in a fashion that harasses White's pieces and assails the centre pawns; for instance there is no knight on f3 which can become a target after ...Bg4, and no bishop on d3 which may be a target after ...Nc6-e5. While 9...Nc6?! is Black's most common reply according to ChessBase's database, after 10.d5 Ne5 Black's knight lacks a target, and will soon be chased out with f2-f4, and this line has scored very poorly for Black. The main line in the Voronezh, and the second most common reply, is 9...e5 10.dxe5 dxe5 11.Qxd8 Rxd8 12.c5 N6d7 (This retreat is forced since 12...Nd5?? loses the knight due to the 13.Rd1 pin) when Black must play carefully to unentangle and challenge the White pawn on c5. Other lines against the Voronezh include 9...f5 leading to sharp play. Other solid moves such as 9...e6, ...Bd7, ...Bf5, and ...a5 are possible as well. According to John Cox, the 9...e5 line is adequate, but Black needs to know the line well.\nThe Voronezh was recommended by John Emms and noted as a big problem by Nigel Davies, leading many players to opt for the more solid 5...exd6 line.\nHowever, the line offers Black less opportunity for counterplay. In this line Black usually develops the king bishop via ...Be7 and ...Bf6, because Bg5 can be bothersome against a fianchetto setup with ...g6 and ...Bg7, e.g. 6.Nc3 g6 7.Nf3 Bg7 8.Bg5.\nModern Variation: 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3\nModern Variation 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3\nThe Modern Variation is the most common variation of the Alekhine Defence. As in the Exchange Variation, White accepts a more modest spatial advantage, and hopes to be able to hang on to it. There are a number of possible Black responses:\n4...Bg4, pinning the knight is the most common response, which White usually parries with 5.Be2. Black will often voluntarily surrender the bishop pair by ...Bxf3 because the white knight is a fairly strong piece, and capturing it undermines the white centre pawns. Champions of this line include Lev Alburt, Vlatko Kovačević and the late Vladimir Bagirov.\n4...g6, preparing to fianchetto a bishop to oppose White's central pawn mass, is also often seen. This variation was played in the thirteenth game of the Match of the Century between Boris Spassky and Bobby Fischer. (The nineteenth game of the same match featured the more common 4...Bg4.) Alburt has also played this line frequently. White usually replies with 5.Bc4, the Keres Variation.\n4...dxe5 (the Larsen Variation) is another possibility which can lead to the sharp sacrificial line 5.Nxe5 Nd7 6.Nxf7!? Kxf7 7.Qh5+ Ke6. The sacrifice is, at the very least, good enough to draw after 8.Qg4+; Larsen tried the suicidal 8...Kd6? against Fischer during the Santa Monica Blitz tournament in 1966, and lost quickly after 9.c4. Black should therefore acquiesce to the perpetual check with 8...Kf7 9.Qh5+ Ke6 etc. Instead, 8.c4 can be played if White is aiming to win. White can also simply retreat the knight with 5.Nf3. If Black does not want to allow the sacrifice, other options after 5.Nxe5 are 5...g6 (the Kengis Variation) and 5...c6 (the Miles Variation). The idea behind both moves is to challenge the e5 knight with Nd7 only after the sacrifice on f7 has become unsound. The Kengis variation looks more natural but white has several sharp ideas such as 6.c4 and the wild 6.Qf3!?. Therefore 5...c6 has become more common; despite the passive look this waiting move discourages white most ambitious continuations. Now 6.c4 can be met with the very interesting 6...Nb4!? while 6.Bc4 can either transpose to quieter lines of the Kengis or give rise to independent variations in which black avoids the king's bishop fianchetto. White's most popular move is 6.Be2 (6.Bd3!?) when black continues with either the immediate Nd7 of 6...Bf5. Against the latter an aggressive possibility (introduced by Kasparov against Short and then improved by Judith Polgar) is 7.g4!?. In top level chess, the line with 5...c6 has largely displaced 4...Bg4 as the main line.\n4...c6 is passive but solid, creating a position which is difficult to attack.\nIn most variations, Black can play ...Bg4 to transpose into the 4...Bg4 line.\nBalogh Variation: 3.d4 d6 4.Bc4\nBalogh Variation 3.d4 d6 4.Bc4\nThe first recorded use of this variation was on August 13, 1929, in Carlsbad, Bohemia. Esteban Canal was white and Edgard Colle was black. White resigned after Black's 40th move.\nUnlike several other sidelines, 4. Bc4 is fairly popular. The line contains some traps that can snare the unwary. For example 4...dxe5 5.dxe5 Nb6?? loses the queen to 6.Bxf7!. Instead, the main line is 4...Nb6 5.Bb3, when Black has usually played 5...dxe5 6.Qh5 e6 7.dxe5 (the \"old main line\" according to Cox) or 5...Bf5 when White can among other things try the obstructive pawn sacrifice 6.e6. In either case, White obtains attacking chances, and so Taylor recommends 5...d5 followed by 6...e6 to reach a position akin to the French Defense.\nTwo Pawns Attack: 3.c4 Nb6 4.c5\nTwo Pawns Attack 3.c4 Nb6 4.c5\nThe Two Pawns Attack (also known as the Lasker Attack or the Chase Variation) is also an ambitious try. White may gain attacking prospects, but it might cost a pawn to do so. White's pawns on c5 and e5 secure a spatial advantage, but the d5 square has been weakened. Unlike the Four Pawns Attack, the White centre is not as fluid and the game takes on a more strategic character.\nAesthetically, 4.c5 looks positionally suspect, since White's pawn advances have severely weakened the d5-square. White's intention is to grab space and mobility so that those strategic deficiencies are of little consequence.\nBlack must play 4...Nd5, whereupon White will usually challenge the knight with moves like Bc4 and Nc3. Black can defend the knight with ...c6 or ...e6, sometimes playing both. Typically, Black then challenges White's pawns on e5 and c5 with moves like ...d6 and ...b6.\nThe statistics presented by Cox show this variation scoring poorly for White, with all of Black's main defenses scoring at least 50%.\nTwo Knights Variation: 3.Nc3\nTwo Knights Variation 3.Nc3\nThe Two Knights Variation is a variation where White immediately accepts doubled pawns after 3...Nxc3 for some compensation. After 4.dxc3 this compensation is rapid piece development. Although the line after 4...d6, challenging the e-pawn often can lead to fairly dull positions, the position remains open and Black can quickly succumb with poor defense, for example after 5.Bc4 dxe5?? 6.Bxf7+!, White wins the queen on d8. After 4.bxc3 White's compensation for the doubled pawns is a big centre that can be used as a basis for a kingside attack. The resulting pawn structure leads to position similar to that of the Winawer variation of the French Defense.\nIf Black does not want to defend against White's attacking opportunities against 3...Nxc3 4.dxc3, then 3...e6 is a reasonable alternative that was Alekhine's choice when meeting the Two Knights, and this defense has been advocated by Taylor. If White plays 4.d4, then 4...Nxc3 forces White into the bxc3 line reminiscent of the French. If 4.Nxd5 exd5, Black will quickly dissolve the doubled pawns with ...d6, and the resulting position will tend to be drawish.\nMinor sidelines after 2.e5 Nd5\nIn Endre Steiner-Alexander Alekhine, Budapest 1921, the first high level game with the Alekhine Defense, White played 3.d4 d6 4.Bg5. Cox recommends 4...h6 5.Bh4 dxe5 6.dxe5 Bf5, followed by ...Nc6 and ...Ndb4, targeting c2.\n4.Bg5 from Steiner-Alekhine\nAnother rare line, but one that scores well in practice is 3.d4 d6 4.Be2, preventing Black from playing 4...Bg4 while retaining the option of making the pawn advance f2-f4.\n3.c4 Nb6 4.a4\nAfter 3.c4 Nb6 4.a4, White aims at chasing the Black knight away followed by a pawn sacrifice that impairs Black's development, for example by 4...d6 5.a5 Nd7 6.e6. It is possible for Black to allow this, but it is simpler to prevent it by 4...a5. White's main continuation is to deploy the queenside rook for duties on the kingside with 5.Ra3, followed by Rg3 at some point when the attack on g7 is supposed to tie Black down from developing the bishop to e7. However, after 5...d6 6.exd6 exd6 7.Rg3 Bf5, Black can carry through with 8...Be7 anyway, since after 9.Rxg7 the rook would be trapped and lost to 9...Bg6 and 10...Bf6. The idea for this unusual early \"rook lift\" probably originated with the well-known American International Master Emory Tate. Women's World Champion Grandmaster Maria Muzychuk, World Junior Champion GM Lu Shanglei and GM Nazar Firman have experimented with this line and achieved some success with it.\nAlternatives to 2...Nd5\nAfter 2.e5, the 2...Nd5 is almost universally played. The two other knight moves that do not hang it to the queen on d1 are 2...Ng8 and 2...Ne4.\n2...Ng8, undeveloping the knight immediately, was named the \"Brooklyn Defense\" in honour of his hometown by Grandmaster Joel Benjamin, who calls this his \"pet line\". Although Black might be said to be giving odds of three moves, White only has a small advantage according to theory. The first recorded use of the Brooklyn Variation was in 1905 in Vienna where Aron Nimzowitsch with White checkmated Adolf Albin on the 34th move.\nVery dubious is 2...Ne4?, which John L. Watson and Eric Schiller dub the \"Mokele Mbembe\". They analyze 3.d4 f6 4.Bd3 d5 5.f3 Ng5 6.Bxg5 fxg5 7.f4! g6! 8.Nf3! g4 (they also analyze 8...gxf4 9.Ng5! e6 10.Qg4! Qe7 11.0-0 and 8...Bg4 9.h3, both leading a large advantage for White) 9.Ng5 Bh6 10.Nxh7 Rxh7 11.Bxg6+ Rf7 12.Qd3 Bf8 13.f5 e6 14.f6 Qd7 15.h3! g3 16.Qxg3, with a winning advantage for White. Nunn's Chess Openings concludes that White gets a large advantage with 3.d4 f6 (or 3...e6 4.Nh3 h6 5.Qg4 d5 6.f3 h5 7.Qf4 g5 8.Nxg5 Nxg5 9.Qxg5 Be7 10.Qg7) 4.Qh5+ g6 5.Qh4 d5 6.Bd3.\nAlternatives to 2.e5\nInstead of chasing Black's knight, White may defend the e4-pawn, either directly or through tactical means.\n2.Nc3 is by far White's most common alternative to 2.e5; in fact Cox noted that he saw this move in over half his games with the Alekhine. It is often played by amateurs and those wishing to avoid a theoretical battle on territory more familiar to their opponents. Cox, however, wrote that many White players are bluffing, and in fact know nothing about either the Vienna Game or the Four Knights Game, to which the game can easily transpose if Black plays 2...e5, citing one book which recommended 2.Nc3 while assuring readers that 2...e5 is uncommon. Another transposition Black may enter is 2...d6, which usually leads to the Pirc Defence. But the independent Alekhine line is 2...d5, known as the Scandinavian Variation. After 2...d5, 3.exd5 Nxd5 4.Bc4 Nb6 or ...Nxc3 is considered roughly equal, while 4...e6 is solid but blocks in the light-squared bishop. 3.exd5 Nxd5 4.g3 has been played by the Danish correspondence player Ove Ekebjaerg, when Harald Keilhack recommends 4...Nxc3 5.bxc3 Qd5! 6.Qf3! (6.Nf3 Qe4+ is awkward in light of 7.Be2 Bh3 or 7.Qe2 Qxc2) Qe6+! 7.Qe2 (\"on 7.Be2 or 7.Ne2, 7...Bd7 is unpleasant\") Qxe2+ 8.Nxe2 Bd7! 9.Bg2 Bc6 10.0-0 Bxg2 11.Kxg2 Nc6 12.d3 g6 13.Rb1 0-0-0 14.c4 Bg7, when \"Black has a rather comfortable position\", as in Ekebjaerg-Alcantara Soares, corr. 1989. More combative is 2...d5 3.e5, when Black can choose among 3...d4, 3...Nfd7 (transposing to the Steinitz variation of the French Defence after 4.d4 e6, but 4.e6!? is a sharp alternative), 3...Ne4!?, and even 3...Ng8. While most grandmasters play the mainline 2.e5, Jonny Hector regularly plays 2.Nc3 against the Alekhine, and has scored well against the 2...d5 variation. His ideas have left White with a theoretical edge. Textbook authors of the Alekhine Defence, including Davies, Cox, and Taylor, have therefore encouraged 2...e5 over 2...d5.\n2.d3 (the Maroczy Variation) is less common. Although playable, 2.d3 blocks in White's light-squared bishop, so the variation is considered somewhat passive. If White fianchettoes that bishop, transposition to a King's Indian Attack is likely. Lev Alburt and Eric Schiller call 2.d3 \"insipid\" and recommend 2...d5 (or 3.Nd2 e5 with a reversed Philidor's Defence) 3.e5 Nfd7 4.f4 (4.d4 c5 5.c3 Nc6 leaves Black a tempo up on the French Defence) c5 5.Nf3 e6 6.g3!? Nc6 7.Bg2 Be7 8.0-0 b5 with equality.\n2.Bc4 is rarely seen, since it allows Black to gain the bishop pair and seize space in the center. Alburt and Schiller write that after 2...Nxe4 3.Bxf7+ Kxf7 4.Qh5+ Kg8 or 4...g6 5.Qd5+ e6 6.Qxe4 Bg7 7.Qf4 Ke8! \"Black has nothing to worry about.\" If Black does not want his king chased about, playable alternatives are 2...e5 (transposing to the Bishop's Opening), 2...d5 and 2...e6.\n2.f3 is also rare, but players who like to play the Black side of the Latvian Gambit can in effect wind up playing it after 1.e4 Nf6 2.f3 e5 3.f4!?.\nList of chess openings\nList of chess openings named after people","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line307806"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.900249183177948,"wiki_prob":0.900249183177948,"text":"NHL Trade Rumors\nThe Shane Prince Trade was Unnecessary and Frustrating\nThe Ottawa Senators shipped out one of their best young LWs for a disappointing return\nBy Ross A@Sheer_Rossyness Feb 29, 2016, 4:58pm EST\nShare All sharing options for: The Shane Prince Trade was Unnecessary and Frustrating\nJames Guillory-USA TODAY Sports\nI don't know how you could've missed it, but in case you did, the Ottawa Senators traded Shane Prince and a 7th-round pick to the New York Islanders in exchange for a 3rd-round pick in the dying minutes of trade deadline day. Thus ends a very strange tenure with the team. By all accounts, Prince should've been loved by the organization. He was picked up in the second round of 2011, Ottawa's biggest draft in a long time, and he played his junior hockey locally for the Ottawa 67s. He came to the Binghamton Senators as soon as he was eligible, and over three seasons increased his point totals from 35 to 48 to 65. That last season, 65 points led the Binghamton Senators and had him named to the AHL's second all-star team. In other words, he was named one of the best six forwards in the entire AHL for 2014-15.\nThere were also rumours following Prince. The big rumour was that he wanted an NHL contract, and if he didn't get one he would've bolted to the KHL. There were also rumours about a behind-the-scenes offer-sheet from Tim Murray for one of his favourite players to come join the Buffalo Sabres. But both of these past summers, Prince has said all the right things publicly and re-signed with the team.\nThe first sign that management wasn't so high on Prince came during last year's stretch run. Prince was called up for two games as part of prospects getting a chance to play down the stretch to show what they could do. Matt Puempel would get the next call-up, and he stayed for 13 games because the Sens weren't messing with a winning roster. When Puempel's season ended to a high-ankle sprain, Prince didn't get the spot. It confused many that Prince didn't get a shot despite playing better than Puempel in the AHL and the NHL.\nThis season, Prince started with the big club because he was no longer waiver-exempt. To not risk losing him for nothing, the Sens kept him up, just like Chris Wideman. Except Wideman has eventually managed to work his way into the team's long-term plans, while Prince has continued to get scratched. Prince had a breakout game in November against the Avalanche in which he scored two goals, and it looked like he was finally going to get his shot. But it fizzled out too. We've watched Puempel, Dave Dziurzynski, Max McCormick, Ryan Dzingel, and now Nick Paul all get called up and get more chances than Prince. We've watched Alex Chiasson continue to get played, sometimes on the Mike Hoffman line, despite his inability to handle a pass. Considering Prince led the team in 5v5 shot attempts, and was fourth in 5v5 points-per-60 (among forwards with at least 20 games), he probably deserved more ice and better linemates.\nThe big question this trade brings up was why it had to happen now. Probably the best-case scenario you can think of for a third-round pick is a player like Shane Prince: offensive skill, NHL-capable after a couple years in the minors, able to help out the fourth line or contribute in the top six. Prince will be an RFA for a couple more seasons, so it's not like he was going to be priced out of the team's range in a hurry. Even if his salary demands were ridiculous, his RFA rights would be as valuable in a couple summers as they were now. Last summer, the team traded Eric Gryba essentially for a fourth-round pick. Gryba was more of a sure thing than a fourth-rounder, but the Sens already had enough bottom-pairing defencemen. Conversely, with Clarke MacArthur out, Mike Hoffman was the team's only bona fide top-six left winger. After him, there were a whole lot of unknowns, and to me it makes sense to hold onto Paul, Dzingel, Puempel, and Prince in the hopes that one can consistently fulfill that role. The 3rd-round pick won't help the Sens for years, if at all, meaning the Sens now have fewer lottery tickets they hope work out in the top-six LW role. If the team's best shot at a Cup is any time in the next 5-6 years, Shane Prince would have been in his prime and could have been a contributor. If Dzingel and Paul passed him for sure on the depth chart in a year, not just based on a four-game sample, I highly doubt Prince's return would have decreased. It was unnecessary to trade Shane Prince this season.\nI can only think of a couple reasons this trade makes sense. One is if Prince was disliked in the dressing room, and trading him was the best way to maintain cohesion. Another was if the team knew they were never going to play him again, and decided it was better to get something for him. I guess there's a possibility that he would've gone to the KHL after this season's treatment, but that's a pretty weak argument considering it's based on unproven rumours.\nIn the end, I don't get why you trade him for what at best is a wash, at worst is a huge loss. If the team needed to offload someone, why not Puempel who has been more disappointing in both the AHL and NHL and has a higher draft pedigree? Why not Alex Chiasson, who likely would've got a better return and reportedly was asked about but Bryan Murray refused to deal? I give this trade a solid D. It hurts the team short-term without likely having any kind of future benefit.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line307630"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9122536182403564,"wiki_prob":0.9122536182403564,"text":"Ricardo Bofill, 1939–2022\nJohn Hill\n14. de gener 2022\nRicardo Bofill at Taller de Arquitectura in November 2021. (Photo: Charles Ganz/World-Architects)\nSpanish architect Ricardo Bofill Levi, the founder of the eponymous Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura in Barcelona and the prolific designer of hundreds of buildings in dozens of countries, died on January 14, 2022, at the age of 82.\nBofill's death was announced, simply, on the Taller de Arquitectura's Instagram account, with a photo of a young Bofill relaxing in a desert setting accompanied by his date of birth, December 5, 1939, and death, January 14, 2022. An obituary at El Pais indicates that Bofill died in a hospital in Barcelona after contracting Covid.\nBorn in Barcelona, Bofill studied architecture at the School of Architecture in Geneva, Switzerland, after he was expelled from Escola Tècnica Superior d'Arquitectura de Barcelona (ETSAB) for being anti-Francoist. In 1963 he founded a group that became Taller de Arquitectura (Architectural Workshop), with architects and engineers working alongside artists and professionals from other fields, such as literary critic Salvador Clotas, poet José Agustín Goytisolo, and economist Julia Romea.\nRicardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura in Sant Just Desvern, Barcelona, Spain, 1973–2012. (Photo: Courtesy of Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura)\nTen years later, in 1973, Bofill discovered a disused cement factory in Sant Just Desvern, on the outskirts of Barcelona, and started transforming it into the head office of Taller de Arquitectura and his residence. Consisting of more than thirty silos, subterranean galleries, and huge machine rooms, the partially ruined factory would require two years of remodeling work, though transformations of the industrial relic continued for decades. Nearly sixty years after work started on the project, the home of Taller de Arquitectura is considered \"a built manifesto and remains one of his best works.\"\nWalden 7 in Sant Just Desvern, Barcelona, Spain, 1974. (Photo: Courtesy of Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura)\nAround the same time Bofill turned a place for cement production into his home and studio, Bofill built the Walden 7 housing project on a site bordering the Taller de Arquitectura. Walden 7 is a monumental expression of the plasticity of concrete, with eighteen towers forming a vertical labyrinth with seven interconnecting interior courtyards — \"as far removed as possible from the model of the uniform, repetitive housing block\" in the studio's words. Other residential projects in Spain in the late 1960s and early 1970s, including Kafka's Castle (1968) and The Red Wall (1973), have similar plasticity, labyrinthine qualities, and colorfulness enabled by in situ concrete.\nLes Arcades du Lac in Saint Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris, France, 1982. (Photo: Courtesy of Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura)\nA dramatic aesthetic shift in the work of Bofill and his Taller de Arquitectura followed the housing projects in Spain, after he opened an office in Paris and worked on a number of large projects in France following from the country's Villes Nouvelles (New Towns) policy. Notable among them are Les Arcades du Lac (1982), Les Temples du Lac (1986), and Belvedere Saint Christophe (1986). Gone were the plastic forms and bright paints of the projects in Spain; in their place were archways, pediments, pilasters, and other classically derived elements made from precast concrete. Furthermore, the postmodern elevations fronted grand squares and other spaces that were the antithesis of the intimate courtyards of his work in Spain.\nUnited Continental in Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1992. (Photo: Courtesy of Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura)\nThe rise of postmodern architecture in the 1980s made Bofill a popular choice for developers outside of France and Spain. In Chicago, the birthplace of the skyscraper, the Taller de Arquitectura designed a 50-story office tower at 77 West Wacker Drive (1992), a prominent site overlooking the main branch of the Chicago River. The gridded facades of glass and stone have proportions meant to recall Giotto’s campanile at the Duomo in Florence, while the most overt classicism is found at the base and the top, the latter described as \"a classically-proportioned temple.\"\nUniversité Mohammed VI Polytechnique in Benguerir, Morocco, 2016. (Photo: Courtesy of Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura)\nProjects this century have seen Taller de Arquitectura working at home (Terminal 1 at Barcelona Airport, W Barcelona Hotel, Desigual) and abroad, with projects in the Czech Republic, Morocco, and elsewhere. For the last few years Bofill's sons, Ricardo Emilio and Pablo, have been in charge of the studio, which consists of more than one hundred professionals from thirty different nationalities. They will continue to lead the studio their father founded in 1963.\nTaller de Arquitectura has announced that a public memorial will be held on January 26 and 27, when friends, relatives, and admirers of Ricardo Bofill's architecture will be able to visit the studio's headquarters and pay tribute to the architect.\nRicardo Bofill, at left, sitting across from Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal and surrounded by others at Taller de Arquitectura in November 2021. (Photo: World-Architects)\nArchitektIn FH / ZeichnerIn…\nMés feines\nAltres articles d'aquesta categoria\nShortlist for Barbican Renewal Revealed\nhace 3 dies\nReimagining Tate Liverpool\nhace 1 setmana\nFixing the Calatrava Bridge\nMarabar Moving\nRichard Rogers (1933–2021)\nhace 3 setmanas","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line355513"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5596129298210144,"wiki_prob":0.5596129298210144,"text":"May 24, 2013 by David K. Sutton\nPresident Obama Offers To Roll Back Executive Power\nIn a rare move for a sitting president, Barack Obama offered to undo some of the powers given to the executive branch by congress in the aftermath of 9/11. But is this enough?\n“America is at a crossroads. We must define the nature and scope of this struggle, or else it will define us,” said President Obama during a speech at the National Defense University. “We have to be mindful of James Madison’s warning that ‘No nation could preserve its freedom in the midst of continual warfare.’ Neither I, nor any President, can promise the total defeat of terror.” Well isn’t that refreshing to hear! I thought the “War on Terror” would be fought until victory was achieved — no more terrorism. Well, at least that’s the lie we would have to tell ourselves to justify such a war.\nOf course President Obama, as Politico points out, is largely debating himself on issues of national defense post-9/11. He has led an administration just as hawkish on anti-terrorism as the previous administration. In fact, when it comes to use of targeted drone strikes, Obama has one-upped his predecessor. So excuse me for being a bit cynical when I hear this president say, “America’s legitimate claim of self-defense cannot be the end of the discussion.” It sure seems like it is. President Obama might not use rhetoric like when President Bush said, “you’re either with us, or against us,” but the president has conducted his foreign policy in much the same manner as Bush.\n“We were attacked on 9/11. Within a week, Congress overwhelmingly authorized the use of force. Under domestic law, and international law, the United States is at war with al Qaeda, the Taliban, and their associated forces,” said Obama. “We are at war with an organization that right now would kill as many Americans as they could if we did not stop them first. So this is a just war — a war waged proportionally, in last resort, and in self-defense.”\nBut can a nation be at war with an organization? Can a nation be at war against a tactic? Should a country as powerful as the United States allow its foreign policy to be dictated by what amounts to a few fringe radicals dispersed around the globe? And does it make a difference if they are loosely organized?\n“Let’s think about this for a moment. A small group of ragged America-haters, who had one lucky day of mass murder nearly seven years ago, will continue to define the foreign policy of the lone superpower for years, possibly decades to come,” wrote Michael Hirsh in a 2008 Newsweek article.\n“There’s something wrong with this picture. Yes, we can all agree that 9/11 was one of the worst moments in American history. And we can certainly agree that Al Qaeda must be completely eliminated. But the group has never come close to duplicating 9/11; even the train bombings in London and Madrid that were attributed to Al Qaeda-inspired cells were minor by comparison,” said Hirsh.\nIt’s become a comedic theme to say if we do or don’t respond in a certain way to a certain event, then the “terrorists win.” But America’s response to 9/11 is no joke. And regardless of the comedic use the “terrorist win” exposition, I’m still going to present two scenarios followed by a simple question. (a) We respond to 9/11 with intelligence and policing but NOT with open-ended military force, and our foreign policy is not defined by the tactic of a few. (b) We respond to 9/11 with overwhelming military force, in a never-ending war on terror, with no clear exit strategy and no clear path to victory, with a tunnel-vision focus on the tactics of a few, costing us trillions of dollars and counting. — Which one is a win for America and which one is a win for terrorists? You can call them false choices, but I still know which one I’m choosing.\nHirsh asked, “Are Al Qaeda and its ilk still really our number one challenge? What about global warming? What about the emergence of China, the resurrection of Russia, the decline of the dollar, the slackening of free trade, the spread of debt and disease, and the persistence of ethnic cleansing?”\nShould combating a relatively small, on a world scale, loosely organized group of anti-American extremists be our top priority as a nation?\nGovernment • News • Politics\n#9/11#america#congress#drone strikes#Executive Branch#executive power#military#President Obama#terrorism#united states#war#war on terror","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line688726"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8580198884010315,"wiki_prob":0.8580198884010315,"text":"Who Left 'Dancing With the Stars' Last Night and Who Is In The Final?\nBy Molli Mitchell On 11/16/21 at 4:34 AM EST\nCulture TV ABC\nAfter 11 weeks of dazzling performances, perfect scores, and intense eliminations, the final of Dancing With the Stars is almost here.\nLast night's (Monday, November 15) semi-final saw a double elimination, with two couples narrowly missing out on a spot in next week's final.\nNow, just four couples competing in the all-important grand final to take home the Mirror Ball trophy.\nNewsweek has everything you need to know about the semi-final results and the final top four.\nWho left Dancing With The Stars Last Night?\nSix couples were competing in last night's semi-final, hoping to secure their rightful place in the grand final, which is set to take place on Monday, November 22.\nHowever, with six couples competing and just four places up for grabs, sadly two couples were eliminated from the running.\nThe Bold Type actress Melora Hardin and her professional partner, Artem Chigvintsev, were first to be eliminated from the competition after receiving the lowest number of public votes—despite receiving a high 72 out of 80 on semi-final night.\nOlympic gymnast Suni Lee and The Talk co-host Amanda Kloots were the next famous faces to find themselves vulnerable to elimination, with the ultimate decision coming down to the four judges, Len Goodman, Carrie Ann Inaba, Bruno Tonioli, and Derek Hough.\nUnfortunately for Suni and her professional partner Sasha Farber, their time on Dancing With the Stars was officially over after the judges voted unanimously to save Amanda.\nWho Is In The Dancing With the Stars Final?\nJojo Siwa and her partner Jenna Johnson sailed through to the final, alongside basketball star Iman Shumpert and Daniella Karagach, and Fitness Trainer Cody Rigsby and his professional partner Cheryl Burke.\nThey were joined by Amanda Kloots and her partner Alan Bersten after they were saved from elimination.\nTo earn their spot in the final, the couples had to perform two routines for the judges. One dance was the \"redemption round,\" where the couples re-performed a dance they had struggled with earlier in the season, coached by one of the judges.\nFor their second dance, the couples performed a brand new routine in a dance style they had not yet performed. JoJo and Amanda performed a contemporary routine, whilst Iman tackled jazz and Cody performed the Argentine tango.\nNewsweek has a full breakdown of the dances and the scores of the finalists from last night's semi-final below and it looks like the final is set to be very tough competition.\nAmanda and Alan\nFirst dance: Tango\nScore: 39/40\nSecond dance: Contemporary\nJoJo and Jenna\nFirst dance: Argentine Tango\nIman and Daniella\nSecond dance: Jazz\nCheryl and Cody\nFirst dance: Salsa\nSecond dance: Argentine Tango\nThe Dancing With the Stars final 2021 takes place on Monday, November 22 at 8 p.m. ET on ABC.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line208341"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6301401257514954,"wiki_prob":0.6301401257514954,"text":"Report on Asset Related Savings\nThe Chair stated that two members of the public wished to speak on this item. Mr Murray James read his statement: “Grays has been offered a once in a generation opportunity to connect the town with its Thames foreshore through the £20m Town Fund. This could unlock huge recreational potential on the river – potential that is also recognised by the Port of London Authority through its Active Thames programme which aims to increase participation in recreational activity along the full length of the river. Our stretch of the Thames has some unique advantages for sailing in particular, but strong tides, deep mud, and commercial shipping traffic mean it is a challenging area for novices. A degree of both competence and confidence are required to enjoy our waters safely. Grays is a coastal town with a proud maritime history and at Thurrock Yacht Club we firmly believe that we need to be putting a focus on maritime sports in an area that suffers from high levels of inactivity – a problem that members will know leads to a higher long term demand on scarce council and NHS resources. Thurrock is fortunate in that it already has a fantastic facility at Grangewaters. Following the winding down of sailing at Stubbers in Upminster, Grangewaters is now the only safe learning water within easy reach of Thurrock. It is also ideal as a feeder site for other aquatic sports that can transfer to the Thames including paddle sports and rowing. Our club is currently working with the team at Grangewaters to establish regular recreational sailing activities that span both their site and our established sailing area on the Grays waterfront. A joined up offer of this nature creates opportunity not only for the people of Thurrock – it will attract people to come from surrounding areas to regularly enjoy leisure time in our wonderful borough and prove that we are more than just a place to shop. We urge this committee to do everything within their remit to ensure the full long term financial impacts of disposing of Grangewaters are fully explored before any decisions are made, including its important role in ensuring the Grays Town fund project does not leave Thurrock stranded with a new generation of unproductive public assets. Grangewaters is more than a cherished community asset – it is a vital enabler for bringing recreation to the Thames.”\nThe Chair thanked Mr James for his statement and asked if Grangewaters was listed as an Asset of Community Value. She also asked how many members Thurrock Yacht Club currently had. Mr James replied that Grangewaters was listed as an Asset of Community Value. He explained that membership of the Yacht Club had been growing rapidly due to the closure of Stubbers in Upminster. He stated that there were currently 130 members from across Thurrock, Havering and Brentwood. He added that the Club had also recently been gifted numerous dinghies to ensure that sailing and river activities remained accessible and affordable for everyone.\nMs Samantha Byrne then read her question: “the report talks about the importance of arts and culture. Can you please explain how you can consider closing the Thameside Complex that houses the theatre and museum before the elements of the new culture strategy, details of which haven't been released, are successfully running in its place?” The Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery thanked Ms Byrne for her question and stated that Cabinet would be making the final decision in December, but her question and comments would be included as part of the consultation with scrutiny for Cabinet Members to consider when making their decision. He stated that the report set out what work had already been taking place with interested parties, and one roundtable meeting with community representation had taken place, with another planned for the next couple of weeks. He added that papers on the draft Cultural Strategy would be taken to the relevant Overview and Scrutiny Committee when completed. Ms Byrne thanked the Corporate Director Resource and Place Delivery for his response and stated that the roundtable meeting had taken place in September. She explained that a second meeting had been planned, but had been cancelled due to the tragic death of Sir David Amess MP, along with all Council meetings in Thurrock and across Essex. She stated that the next roundtable meeting was scheduled for the end of November at High House Production Park, and concern was being felt amongst residents that this would not be enough time for their feedback to be considered by Cabinet at their meeting in December. Ms Byrne stated that the report discussed issues with the building, not with the service itself, and asked if income received from the Thameside Theatre had been included in funding figures. The Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery replied that the service itself would be included in the Cultural Strategy, which was still being debated, but the building itself came under the remit of the Corporate Overview and Scrutiny Committee. He stated that comments made at the roundtable meeting on 30 November 2021, would be included either within the Cabinet report, or updates would be provided by the Portfolio Holders at the meeting verbally.\nThe Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery introduced the report and stated that it covered three areas, the first being the Thameside Complex. He stated that the capital cost of the Thameside Complex was £16mn, and 3.3 of the report outlined the outturn of the Complex in 2020/21 was £601,970 and the budget in 2021/22 was £629,566, which was similar to previous years. He stated that as the cost of utilities had increased and there had been limited use during 2020 due to the pandemic, which had affected the Complex’s revenue and income streams. He stated that a breakdown had also been provided of work that needed to be undertaken, and these figures had been produced by mechanical and technical engineers. He added that a modernisation and refurbishment assessment had been carried out approximately five years ago, and these figures had been outlined in the report, although these could have changed due to inflation and other issues. The Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery added that only £300,000 had been spent on maintenance work on the Thameside Complex within the past ten years, with only £100,000 of this being spent within the past eight years. He explained that the proposals would move the library and registrars service to the Civic Offices, but the Complex would not close before the end of March 2022, if agreed at Cabinet.\nThe Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery explained that the second area within the report was Grangewaters, which would also be included in the December Cabinet report. He explained that no direct plans had been agreed for the Grangewaters site, but it had been identified for examination in July. He stated that no immediate plans for development had been agreed, but this process could be explored as the site would remain open for the foreseeable future. He stated that the third area outlined in the report was regarding libraries, which would remain open. He explained that this was the reason why the savings target for assets had been reduced from £1mn to £850,000.\nThe Chair questioned if the Thameside Complex was an Asset of Community Value. The Corporate Director Resource and Place Delivery explained that Grangewaters was an Asset of Community Value, which meant that should Thurrock Council decide to dispose of the site, the community organisation would get first refusal and a six month decision period. He explained that an application for the Thameside Complex to be an Asset of Community Value had been received and returned for amendment. He explained that these amendments had now been made and application returned. He stated that the application would now be assessed and a decision made within the next three to four weeks. He added that the Council had also been approached by a community group regarding a Community Asset Transfer for the Thameside Complex, and a meeting was scheduled for later in the week to better understand these proposals.\nCouncillor Kent queried if progress had been made regarding the sale of other assets that had been listed in the Cabinet reports in March and July. The Corporate Director Resource and Place Delivery responded that some assets had had no revenue costs, so had been disposed. He explained that Thurrock Adult Community College had already moved from the building on Richmond Road. He explained that the site was now being demolished and asbestos being cleared, although this would not bring any direct savings. He explained that the additional £250,000 needed to reach the asset savings target would mostly come from the decision not to renew the lease with the multi-story car park. Councillor Kent stated that any asset disposal would incur legal costs, which were not outlined in the report. He stated that some assets also brought income into the Council, and asked how much income would be lost from the sale of these assets. The Corporate Director Resource and Place Delivery responded that any legal cost from disposal would be capitalized against future capital receipts. He added that any income generated from the assets, including the Thameside Complex, had been included in the budget calculations. He stated that the Thameside Theatre had seen an income reduction of £50,000 in 2020 due to COVID-19.\nCouncillor Kent stated that he was opposed to the closure of the Thameside Complex, but felt that it did not need to be operated by Thurrock Council. He felt that the timescales presented in the report were tight, and felt that the Council should not work towards making the full saving this year to allow time for conversations with community groups and partners to conclude satisfactorily for everyone’s needs. He felt that the Thameside Complex did not need to be demolished as it was structurally sound and watertight, and could be refurbished. He added that it would be more environmentally friendly to refurbish the building rather than demolish it, and would reduce carbon emissions in the borough. Councillor Kent commented that if the Thameside complex were to close, it should not do so until a new complex had been opened. The Chair felt that the borough could have a new theatre complex, as the current offer did not meet the need of the community. She stated that the current theatre could not hold larger audiences, and a new library setting could increase engagement. The Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery stated that there were currently no plans in place regarding the building and future of the site, including any plans to demolish or renovate.\nCouncillor Halden welcomed the statement and questions from local residents, and queried if the figure of £16mn was for refurbishing or maintaining. The Corporate Director Resource and Place Delivery replied that the majority of this figure was for maintenances, but did include some elements of modernisation and refurbishment. He stated that this was outlined in the table on page 31 of the agenda, and the figure of £6.6mn for refurbishment was based on a study completed in 2015, and could be more or less now. Councillor Halden stated that he had recently toured the new Civic Offices and had felt the new registrar’s area was more spacious and private than the offer within the Thameside Complex. He stated that theatre provision within Thurrock should be modern and improve the cultural offer of the borough.\nCouncillor Okunade felt it would be good to see the outcome of the roundtable meeting being held on 30 November 2021, and felt the community needed to agree with the Council on the decisions made regarding the Thameside Complex. Ms Byrne queried the timeframe for the £16mn spend on the Thameside Complex. The Corporate Director Resources and Place Delivery replied that all comments from scrutiny and residents would be included in the report to Cabinet. He added that Councillor Coxshall and Councillor Huelin would be attending the roundtable meeting on 30 November 2021 and would be reporting back to Cabinet. He stated that the figures on page 31 covered a period of ten years, but the majority of the work would need to be carried out in the next five years, as some work was quite urgent.\nCouncillor Kent moved to add a second recommendation reading: “The Corporate Overview and Scrutiny Committee ask Cabinet to give adequate time for conversations between community groups and the Council to reach conclusion, even if no in-year savings can be made.”\nA vote was held, with two voting in favour of the proposed recommendation and four voting against the recommendation. The proposed recommendation was not agreed.\n1. Commented on the report for consideration by Cabinet at their meeting on 8 December 2021.\nCorp O&S - ITEM 6 - Report on Asset Related Savings - 16 Nov 2021, item 17. PDF 235 KB","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line772559"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7917343378067017,"wiki_prob":0.7917343378067017,"text":"Withering Surface – The Wolves Have Been Fed\nTuesday, 23rd June 2020 By David E Gehlke\nFlying just ever-so-slightly out of radar’s view during the late ’90s/early ’00s melodic death metal boom, Denmark’s Withering Surface pulled together a string of albums that warranted further inspection, namely 1999’s Nude Ballet and its 2001 follow-up, Walking on Phantom Ice. Here, the Danes merged the melodic framework of their Swedish contemporaries with pangs of atmospheric keyboard action. They were, in a sense, a less brazen At the Gates, but a more melodic Dark Tranquillity, and capable of being as catchy as In Flames. The band split in 2004 after the release of Force the Pace and was relegated to the melodic death metal history books.\nWithering Surface, though, saw fit to reunite in 2018 and have returned with a new platter, Meet Your Maker. A logical extension of Force the Pace, Meet Your Maker is melodic death metal for the mature — Withering Surface has updated their sound while not sounding the slightest bit dated. Here’s guitarist Allan Tvedebrink to discuss the band’s comeback, Meet Your Maker and what lies ahead in these uncertain times…\nDead Rhetoric: The band split in 2004. Looking back, was it the right decision at the time?\nAllan Tvedebrink: Yeah, it was. We’d grown tired of the whole thing, worn each other out on different levels. There was lots of bad energy and everything we did felt like beating a dead horse… for me personally, the focus had shifted and I kinda lost track of where we were going, musically and as a group of good friends. Either we split or replaced some members, but as there was nothing wrong with the individual members, it would be impossible to pick out who should leave. Does it make sense?\nDead Rhetoric: What did each of you do once Withering Surface dissolved? Did you remain friendly with one another in the intervening years?\nTvedebrink: Besides Morten [keys], who kinda just disappeared after the spilt, we all went in different directions. Both in other projects and together in various bands. We have all been playing together in several installments over the years. Right after the break, KB Larsen [bass] and I formed a band called The Downward Candidate, which musically was a counterpoint to Withering Surface and what we needed at that point. It later turned into The Kandidate who released two albums and toured intensively until we quit because of the long-distance relationship we had with the drummer and singer. At more or less the same time, we released the third album with Michael’s [Anderson, vocals] and my death metal band Thorium, now with both Nikolaj Borg [drums], KB and Marcel [guitar] in the band. Later, KB and I started a crust band called Parasight together with Nikolaj [of which Jakob Krogholt released the latest album on hos record label Indisciplinarian]. On top of that, Nikolaj, KB and Jacob Krogholt have a grind/crust project called Anti Ritual and Michael and Nik played in a doom band named A Sun Traverse until recently. It’s really messy and almost incestuous, ha-ha! So yeah, we are all good friends still…\nDead Rhetoric: Oddly enough, the brand of melodic death metal you were playing since your inception became popular around the time of your split. Did you have any idea melodic death metal would take off the way it did?\nTvedebrink: In my book, it took off way before we split. In fact, melodic death metal as I was inspired by at the time peaked in the late ’90s early ’00s. Afterward of course some of the original bands evolved and had a much more commercial [in lack of better words] approach and gained a lot of fans, especially in the U.S. market. The sound became slicker and the songwriting, singing and production was targeted to a broader audience, which is why it got popular. Nothing wrong with that, I dig it, but it’s a different genre within the genre. I think this was more of a driver for success than the genre description. Also, at that point, social media and the internet were raging making reaching a lot of people got very easy – also for sub-genres like ours. And no, I would have no idea, that bands could headline tours and festivals in a scale as we see it today, but that goes for the whole genre of metal. It is great!\nDead Rhetoric: To the present, what set the wheels in motion for your reformation?\nTvedebrink: The band I mentioned earlier, Thorium, which I am no longer a part of, released their fourth album two years ago. And to get more into the incestuous relationships in the scene, Jakob Gundel produced it. So, him and Michael hit it off and as KB was playing the bass on that album, they got started thinking about the old days and talking about reuniting the band. So, they reached out to me as an original member and the wheels were running. I had to think about it for a while, as I had announced that we would never reform the band. But at that time, it fit perfectly in my life. I was in a hiatus with my other band and I was writing melodic music for a new project…\nDead Rhetoric: Was it always your intention to record a new studio album after you got back together?\nTvedebrink: Yes, one-hundred percent. None of us were interested in reuniting and just playing shows. We agreed that we would give it a shot and see if we had what it would take to make everybody feel comfortable. So, if we didn’t have anything relevant to put on the table in 2018, we would just forget about the whole thing and just grab a beer once in a while.\nDead Rhetoric: Was it easy getting back into songwriting mode for Withering Surface?\nTvedebrink: It was really easy! When we agreed to give it a go, it took me a few days to get into it. As I knew I would be the one writing all the music, I thought about which approach I should take when writing new material. I also listened to some of the old stuff to recollect what we were actually doing back then. As I sat down, I just went “Fuck it, let’s see where this goes without all the thinking” and suddenly, the first track had written itself in a few days. It was an awesome feeling and I still think that that song is one of the best tracks on the album. I was relieved to experience that it was really easy to get into WS mode without thinking too hard about it. Maybe because of this it was a success and the others dug what I was doing. After three or four demos where Michael and Jakob worked on their parts, we all agreed that it felt totally natural and totally right and that we should go on with the project. So during 2018/2019, I wrote the rest of the tunes while we were gathering the rest of the members for the new version of Withering Surface.\nDead Rhetoric: What was the goal with Meet Your Maker? To carry on from Force the Pace, or, try new things?\nTvedebrink: Now that you mention Force the Pace, it was our swansong on many levels. I’m still proud of the album, but for me it is associated with a lot of bad energy in the band. It was not really an option to do a continuation from this and as we were heading towards a reunion of the original lineup with Jakob back in the band, it was natural to seek out our roots mixed with our modern lives and the experience we have gathered throughout the years… we wanted this to be awesome and we wanted to prove that this reunion is justified. We wanted to create music that had the Withering Surface DNA and make it present and relevant in 2020, without jumping any bandwagon or forcing it to me modern or something that is not us to please the masses.\nDead Rhetoric: Have you started to think toward 2021 in regards to playing shows? I’m sure the band was disappointed to not be able to support the new album with shows…\nTvedebrink: Yeah, we are working on shows in 2021 already. We have a few club shows in the fall and two festivals that still might happen in September and in November. The release of the album on the 19th of June coincided with our gig at Copenhell which is one of the biggest festivals in Denmark – by far the biggest metal festival. That would have been an awesome way to kick off the reunion! We are still hoping that the album will be pretty fresh in peoples mind when we hit the road in Denmark in the fall and hopefully Europe in the spring of 2021, but it is with great regret that we could see all our festival appearances over the summer vanish one by one… But being a band that is not relying on incomes from touring, it is nothing compared to the musicians, bands, crews and venues that are living from touring. I really, really feel bad for them!\nDead Rhetoric: Is there an album in your discography that you hold most dear? I’ll point to The Nude Ballet — some seriously great songs (“Ode for You,” “Breathing Purple,” “Nude & Humble,” “Her Valley & Sea”)\nTvedebrink: I guess it is like choosing a favorite between your own children, ha-ha. Of course, Scarlet Silhouettes will always have a special place in my heart as it was the first album I ever did and there are so many great memories. Also Walking on Phantom Ice is dear to me, as this was a strong band effort having us signed and touring internationally, playing Wacken Festival and lots of other great experiences. But thanks for the compliment on The Nude Ballet. It is definitely up there in my book as well as it was lots and lots of hard work a big leap in our playing abilities, pretty technical and practically written all by myself. It also got an incredibly good response, a nomination for the best hard rock album at the Danish Grammys and saw us playing at the legendary Roskilde Festival.\nDead Rhetoric: Finally, how is the rest of 2020 looking?\nTvedebrink: As I mentioned, we still have some gigs booked for the fall. I just hope that we can move forward with those. Not much more going on touring wise, as no one is booking more gigs for the rest of the year – besides streaming and drive-in concerts which we are not going to do at this point. Otherwise, we are of course looking forward to releasing Meet Your Maker and receiving the response for it! We have tons of promotions to do and when that is over and summer starts, we’ll start rehearsing for our shows – I just can’t wait to get on with that!\nWithering Surface on Facebook\nWithering Surface – Meet Your Maker (Mighty Music)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line582857"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5306461453437805,"wiki_prob":0.4693538546562195,"text":"Waste-To-Energy (WTE) Market Is Expected To Reach A Market Size Of USD $13.6 Billion By 2026\nBy: FinancialNewsMedia.com Newswire for Stock Alerts, Public Company News Alert\nPalm Beach, FL – November 3, 2021 – FinancialNewsMedia.com News Commentary – Across the globe, many governments are focusing on ways to turn waste into energy. It is an area where governments are seeing positive results from such endeavors, and the market is expected to grow over the coming years. In fact, a report from Mordor Intelligence said that The waste-to-energy (WTE) market is expected to register a CAGR of 6.45% during the forecast period of 2021 – 2026, reaching a market size of USD 13.6 billion by 2026, up from USD 8.78 billion in 2019. The report said that he COVID-19 pandemic affected the market negatively in the form of supply chain disruptions and delays in project implementation. However, the market is expected to recover from 2021, owing to the increasing efforts to promote waste-to-energy plants by various countries across the world. In addition to this, an increasing amount of waste generation and growing concern for waste management to meet the need for sustainable urban living and increasing focus on non-fossil fuel sources of energy are driving the demand for the waste-to-energy market. Another report from Grand View agreed adding that: “The global waste to energy market size was valued at USD 31.0 billion in 2019 and is projected to register a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.4% from 2020 to 2027. Favorable regulatory policies encouraging proper waste disposal combined with energy production along with growing energy demands from the end-use sector are projected to play a vital role in the market growth over the forecast period. Active stocks in the markets this week include SusGlobal Energy Corp. (OTCQB: SNRG), The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company (NYSE: SMG), The Mosaic Company (NYSE: MOS), Nutrien Ltd. (NYSE: NTR) (TSX: NTR), CF Industries Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: CF).\nGrand View continued: “Governments are focusing on commercializing alternate sources of energy such as Waste to Energy (WTE) technology owing to the rapid depletion of conventional energy sources. In addition, the implementation of environmental policies regarding the reduction of carbon emissions from fossil-fuel usage is expected to further provide a boost to industry growth. Industry players are focusing on research and development activities in order to reduce the technology cost associated with waste to energy power plants. Few companies are into vertical integration in order to strengthen the services. The companies are involved in the expansion of their facilities to increase their waste solution capabilities. North America occupied a prominent market share (recently) owing to growing consumer awareness regarding environmental protection and climate change. Moreover, increasing government emphasis on integration and enhanced utilization of clean electricity generation sources is anticipated to increase the deployment rate of waste to energy plants across the region. According to Energy Information Administration, in 2018, 29.5 million tons of municipal solid waste was burnt in 68 U.S. waste to energy plants to generate around 14.0 billion kWh of electricity.”\nSusGlobal Energy Corp. (OTCQB: SNRG) BREAKING NEWS: SusGlobal Signs Offset Development and Marketing Agreement with Bluesource to Monetize Carbon Credits – SusGlobal Energy Corp “Company”), (“SusGlobal”) or (the “Company”), an award winning, revolutionary and pathogen free organic liquid fertilizer, today announced that its wholly-owned subsidiary SusGlobal Energy Belleville Ltd. (“SusGlobal Belleville”) has signed an Offset Development and Marketing Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Blue Source Canada ULC (“Bluesource”) to develop and market greenhouse gas offset credits from the Company’s 49-acre Organic & Non-Hazardous Waste Processing & Composting Facility in Belleville, Ontario, in order for the Company to monetize and realize benefits from its voluntary activities.\nThis monetization is an exciting development for the Company’s mission to reduce organic wastes from wood, leaf and yard material, treated municipal sewage waste (biosolids), residential curbside green bin material or source separated organics (“SSO”) and paper sludge otherwise destined for landfills and, we believe, will also allow the Company to expand this mission.\nBluesource has pioneered creative solutions to climate change for over 20 years. Today, this partnership complements Bluesource’s portfolio of high-quality environmental products from over 20 different technologies in over 100 locations across the United States and Canada. The partnership with SusGlobal is a core example of Bluesource’s experience in identifying, creating, acquiring and marketing offsets, where there is a tangible environmental benefit.\n“We identified Bluesource as the right partners for our Company’s carbon credits monetization initiative, based on their extensive experience and success,” stated Marc Hazout, Executive Chairman, President and CEO of SusGlobal Energy Corp. “We anticipate reflecting the value of these credits in our first quarter 2022 reporting and are excited to meet this milestone and maximize shareholder value.”\n“SusGlobal’s model of diverting organic waste streams from landfills, reducing greenhouse gas emissions as part of climate change objectives while producing regenerative products is the ideal opportunity we look for to reward proactive environmental action,” says Ben Massie of Bluesource. “We have identified SusGlobal’s Belleville facility as a promising offset development project and believe this can inspire others to do the same.”\nAs municipalities look to significantly divert organic waste from landfills, there will be a necessity of diversion. Composting facilities, their management model, and its level of sustainability, will play a key role in this redistribution of waste. The revenue from these credits is anticipated to drive technological advancements that will expand composting efforts in the facility and the province of Ontario. CONTINUED… Read this entire release and more news for SusGlobal Energy (SNRG) at: https://www.financialnewsmedia.com/news-snrg/\nOther recent developments in the markets include:\nThe Scotts Miracle-Gro Company (NYSE SMG) recently announced that it has acquired Rhizoflora’s leading nutrients business including its Terpinator and Purpinator brands, further bolstering The Hawthorne Gardening Company product portfolio.\nSeparately, the Company announced that its subsidiary, The Hawthorne Collective, has purchased a warrant to buy equity in Dewey Scientific for $3.2 million, which will help advance Dewey’s industry-leading cannabis genomics and cultivation. The investment from the Hawthorne Collective will be used only for purposes permitted by applicable laws of the United States.\nNutrien (NYSE: NTR) (TSX: NTR) and EXMAR (EXM) recently announced that they have signed a Collaboration Agreement to jointly develop and build a low-carbon, ammonia-fueled vessel. Partners for over three decades in transporting ammonia globally, Nutrien is one of the world’s largest producers of low-carbon ammonia and EXMAR is a leading player and innovator in the transportation of liquefied gas products.\nNutrien and EXMAR support the decarbonization of shipping and the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Green House Gas (GHG) Strategy to reduce emissions. Their new collaboration aims to significantly reduce Nutrien’s maritime transportation emissions and enable the commercial development of an ammonia-fueled vessel. Together, they will chart a clear path for wide adoption of low-carbon ammonia as a clean fuel for the maritime industry.\nThe Mosaic Company (NYSE: MOS) recently announced that North American phosphate operations are expected to be negatively impacted by damage caused by Hurricane Ida.\nWind damage to the Faustina and Uncle Sam facilities from the storm is expected to result in reduced production as repairs are completed. The following expectations also include estimates of production loss from an August equipment failure at the company’s New Wales facility in Florida. In the third quarter, relative to historical averages, production is expected to be down by approximately 300,000 tonnes. Fourth quarter operating rates are expected to improve sequentially, but production may still be down from historical averages. Mosaic plans to provide an update, including estimated financial impacts of the hurricane, when it reports third quarter results.\nThe hurricane also caused navigational issues on the Mississippi River, which could cause congestion during the busy fall application season and create logistical risks for Mosaic’s production.\nAs Mosaic completes repairs to operations, the company is also supporting its employees and communities through a $100,000 disaster relief grant to the Capital Area United Way and by providing affected employees with access to funds through the company’s employee-to-employee assistance plan.\nCF Industries Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: CF), a leading global manufacturer of hydrogen and nitrogen products, recently announced that its Billingham Complex in the United Kingdom will continue to operate through at least January 2022 after its UK subsidiary reached carbon dioxide (CO2) pricing and offtake agreements with its industrial gas customers in the country.\nThe agreements between the UK subsidiary and its industrial gas customers run through the end of January 2022. During this period, it is expected that the UK government and industrial gas customers will develop robust alternative sources of CO2 as part of a long-term solution for meeting demand in the country. The Billingham Complex is capable of producing 750 tonnes of CO2 per day for commercial use as a byproduct of the ammonia production process.\nDISCLAIMER: FN Media Group LLC (FNM), which owns and operates FinancialNewsMedia.com and MarketNewsUpdates.com, is a third party publisher and news dissemination service provider, which disseminates electronic information through multiple online media channels. FNM is NOT affiliated in any manner with any company mentioned herein. FNM and its affiliated companies are a news dissemination solutions provider and are NOT a registered broker/dealer/analyst/adviser, holds no investment licenses and may NOT sell, offer to sell or offer to buy any security. FNM’s market updates, news alerts and corporate profiles are NOT a solicitation or recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities. The material in this release is intended to be strictly informational and is NEVER to be construed or interpreted as research material. All readers are strongly urged to perform research and due diligence on their own and consult a licensed financial professional before considering any level of investing in stocks. All material included herein is republished content and details which were previously disseminated by the companies mentioned in this release. FNM is not liable for any investment decisions by its readers or subscribers. Investors are cautioned that they may lose all or a portion of their investment when investing in stocks. For current services performed FNM has been compensated forty six hundred dollars for news coverage of the current press releases issued by SusGlobal Energy Corp. by the company. FNM HOLDS NO SHARES OF ANY COMPANY NAMED IN THIS RELEASE.\nThis release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and such forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. “Forward-looking statements” describe future expectations, plans, results, or strategies and are generally preceded by words such as “may”, “future”, “plan” or “planned”, “will” or “should”, “expected,” “anticipates”, “draft”, “eventually” or “projected”. You are cautioned that such statements are subject to a multitude of risks and uncertainties that could cause future circumstances, events, or results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements, including the risks that actual results may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, and other risks identified in a company’s annual report on Form 10-K or 10-KSB and other filings made by such company with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should consider these factors in evaluating the forward-looking statements included herein, and not place undue reliance on such statements. The forward-looking statements in this release are made as of the date hereof and FNM undertakes no obligation to update such statements.\nMedia Contact email: editor@financialnewsmedia.com – +1(561)325-8757\nSOURCE Financialnewsmedia.com\nThe post Waste-To-Energy (WTE) Market Is Expected To Reach A Market Size Of USD $13.6 Billion By 2026 appeared first on Financial News Media.\nCF Industries Holdings Mosaic Co Nutrien Ltd Nutrien Ltd Scotts Miracle-Gro Company Westshore Terminals Investment Corp","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line518540"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6904340386390686,"wiki_prob":0.6904340386390686,"text":"Politics and Prejudices: Primary sources\nIn a very real way, Bernie Sanders is the only conservative in this race.\n\"There is something profoundly wrong when the top one-tenth of 1 percent owns almost as much wealth as the bottom 90 percent.\" — U.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders\nRemarkably, Donald Trump agrees with Bernie on this one, as do most of the other Republican presidential pretenders.\nExcept they think it is wrong because the one-tenth of 1 percent doesn't own more. America is in big-time trouble, comrades, as much so as during the Great Depression or the Civil War, maybe even more. Back during those crises, everybody in the nation knew we were in really, really deep shit.\nToday, we are being destroyed, and the average Joe is mad as hell and doesn't have a clue why.\nThat's why Donald Trump and his lesser imitators are doing so well. Trump acts out every blue-collar cashier or factory rat's biggest fantasy: Tell your bosses to go to hell and fuck themselves on the way down.\nThat's what Trump's doing, with his baseball cap and newfound slob chic. You might think the average worker would recognize him for the phony he is, and want to whack him with a tire iron, but no. They think he knows something, since he has billions. He does indeed know something: He knows he wants even more money and power. So he tells us that our declining standard of living is not due to his own greed and that of his friends, but because of some filthy immigrants.\nAnd too many of us go wild with applause.\nOur window of opportunity to save this state and nation is being rolled up rapidly, and unless we do something soon, it may be slammed shut forever. We are becoming a plutocracy in which the rich buy elections, conceal their identities and the source of the money, and the courts find all that perfectly legal.\nPresident Barack Obama wanted to do something to halt this, or at least talked as if he did. He did rally millions to his message of hope, and got legislation passed to give more Americans health care coverage than ever before, a huge achievement.\nYet he tried to play by the establishment's rules, only to discover that the game was rigged. Bernie Sanders thinks Obama made a mistake in not keeping the millions who rallied behind him united as an effective force for change.\nThat's likely right, though I suspect that Obama also really wanted to be accepted and belong to the ruling class, once he had battered his way onto center stage.\nHe wanted them to respect his achievement, and find a compromise to preserve most of their power and wealth and save the rest of us at the same time.\nThat might have been possible once, but not now. For one thing, too many hate Obama just because he is black.\nFor another, the reasonable moderates who used to run the GOP have died off or been driven out of Washington.\nToday, irrationality rules the Republican Party, and the party rules Washington, all except the presidency, that is.\nMeanwhile, while we listen to the candidates bray, the nation continues sliding down a drain from which there may be no escape. Contrary to what some think, this country really was the last best hope of mankind for many years.\nYes, we started with slavery and have been horribly racist and sexist and it never has been a level playing field. Yet it was possible for a smart poor kid, with enough pluck and determination, to make it and realize the American dream.\nPlus, things really did get gradually better. Slavery was outlawed and women began to claim their rights. Even today, we are still seeing progress on some social issues.\nGays can marry and adopt and raise children. But the living standard of everyone not in the highest income strata is being slowly strangled to death. Consider this: I started as a freshman at Michigan State University in the fall of 1969.\nTuition then was a mere $15 a credit hour! Now, when you adjust that for inflation, it is more like $97 in today's money. Know what tuition is at MSU now? For freshmen and sophomores, $452.90; for upperclassmen, $503.50.\nThat works out to more than $102,000 for a four-year bachelor's degree, which usually isn't enough to enter any well-paying profession; you need graduate school after that.\nWho can afford that? Nobody except the rich. The rest drop out or come out owing vast amounts in student loans.\nMoney they realistically will never be able to pay back. Hell, they aren't even allowed to renegotiate the interest rate.\nWe are committing suicide as a democracy, and ceasing to be a nation that cares about its own people.\nAlone among the candidates, Bernie Sanders seems to get that. Now, a prudent disclaimer: However inspiring he may be, he is still a politician — and H.L. Mencken famously said the only way a journalist should look at a politician was down his nose. More than one reporter has fallen in love with a politician and then ended up feeling burned and horribly betrayed. Were he to make it to the White House, he'd be far older — 75 — than any new president has ever been. Given the stress level, that's something that normally ought to worry a responsible voter.\nBut here's the bottom line. This country has gotten badly off the track, and gets further away from fairness every day. Bernie Sanders is the only one talking honestly about real issues with real programs designed to restore America.\nIn fact, in a very real way, he is the only conservative in this race; he wants to bring back a nation where the average person can make a living wage and hope to send her kids to school. Sanders, by the way, wants college tuition to be free.\nGiven our educational and infrastructure needs, that would be the best investment our society could make, one that would cost us far less than the trillions spent on the stupid little wars that have done our nation far more harm than good.\nNearly half a century ago, a candidate who was as young as Bernie is old challenged this nation to do better. He had the guts to tell the rich they would need to pay more; told us all that the United States could afford to walk away from a losing war, but couldn't afford to turn our backs on our poor children.\nHis name was Robert Francis Kennedy, and he might well have been president and we have taken a very different path, had he not caught a bullet in the head on June 5, 1968.\nNow we have an old guy who calls himself a \"socialist,\" by which he means he'd force capitalism to have a human face, and do awful things like provide sick leave and vacation pay.\nBy the way, Bernie's biggest mistake is probably not abandoning the \"socialist\" label; as the late great Tony Judt said, thanks to the Soviet horrors, that word is sadly too tainted in the public mind to be easily redeemed.\nBut do yourself a favor. Go to Bernie Sanders' website and read where he stands on the issues — all of them.\nThen go see The Big Short, possibly the most socially important movie made in the last 10 years.\nAfter that, if you still think Hillary Clinton is the answer, cheers. This system may outlast me. I got to experience the last best years of America. But if present trends continue, your kids won't have a chance. Think about that.\nPolitics & Prejudices Bernie Sanders Donald Trump election 2016","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line36212"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6187678575515747,"wiki_prob":0.6187678575515747,"text":"Senate unanimously passes 'right-to-try' trial drugs legislation\nLEGISLATURE 2015\nINDIANAPOLIS — The Indiana Senate on Tuesday unanimously approved a proposal to give terminally ill patients access to experimental drugs that are not on the market, a change the bill’s sponsor says would help restore hope to those who are dying.\nThe bill would give patients access to treatments years before they receive federal approval, a process that includes three phases and can take about 10 to 15 years to complete.\n“We truly have a bill that will affect the lives of Hoosiers and at the very minimum will give hope to the hopeless,” said state Sen. Ed Charbonneau, a Valparaiso Republican who sponsored the bill.\nAlthough the House unanimously approved a nearly identical proposal last month, members of that chamber must pass it again to send it on to Gov. Mike Pence. That’s because a Senate committee adopted an amendment that clarifies nurses would be among the medical professionals who would be protected from liability under the measure.\nIndiana is one of about two dozen states considering the legislation, more commonly known as “right-to-try” laws, this session. Eight others have either adopted or approved similar laws, including Colorado, Louisiana, Michigan and Missouri.\nIf it passes, patients would be able to try drugs that have cleared at least Phase 1 of the Food and Drug Administration’s approval process, which determines a treatment’s safety level. Drugs also must remain in the federal process after completing the first phase to be available.\nSupporters say this would shorten the time patients have to wait for potentially lifesaving drugs. They must be terminally ill with no other comparable treatment option to be eligible, and drugs should be considered a last-ditch effort to improve their condition or disease.\nThere has been little opposition, but some lawmakers expressed concerns in committee hearings about overstepping the approval process.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line515709"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7193161845207214,"wiki_prob":0.7193161845207214,"text":"BURNA\nDamini Ebunoluwa Ogulu, known professionally as Burna Boy, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, rapper and dancer. He rose to prominence in 2012 after releasing \"Like to Party\", the lead single from his debut studio album L.I.F.E (2013). In 2017, Burna Boy signed with Bad Habit/Atlantic Records in the United States and Warner Music Group internationally. His third studio album Outside marked his major-label debut.[3] In 2019, he won Best International Act at the 2019 BET Awards, and was announced as an Apple Music Up Next artist. His fourth studio album African Giant was released in July 2019; it won Album of the Year at the 2019 All Africa Music Awards and was nominated for Best World Music Album at the 62nd Annual Grammy Awards. He was awarded the African Artiste of the year at the 2020 VGMA's.\nBurna Boy became a Fair Play Ambassador in 2020, due to his passionate social engagement throughout his career bringing attention to social issues in his home country Nigeria, promoting African solidarity and upliftment as well as his campaigning to #EndSARS and increase police accountabiltyin Nigeria.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line566076"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5796477794647217,"wiki_prob":0.5796477794647217,"text":"$10 Million To Be Whipped Into Ice Cream Brand Four Winters Following Acquisition\nNew Global Chairman Omar Alkhawaja (L) and co-founder and CEO ZeidZabian (R) lay out ambitious growth plans for the business, including openings in the US and North Africa, with further UK and Jordan expansion\nSince its inception in late 2013, Four Winters and its innovative ice cream offering has grown from strength to strength. Harnessing the power of liquid nitrogen and other technologies such as steam frothing, Four Winters is able to create super-smooth ice cream and frozen desserts that capture the exact taste of the fresh ingredients for a superior serve. Four Winters has proven to be a hit with UK foodies, with three London parlours open to date and a site in Kent to be unveiled in January 2018.\nLondon based Investor Omar Alkhawaja has now acquired majority in Four Winters Global in a management take-over conducted by current co-founder and CEO, ZeidZabian. Alkhawaja purchased the shares from Retail Saudi Conglomerate Fawaz Al Hokair for an undisclosed amount resulting in Alkhawaja being appointed as Global Chairman. Co-Founder of Four Winters, ZeidZabian, will remain as CEO of the business overseeing the ambitious growth plans for existing and new territories. The new board of directors are committed to investing $10 million into the business over the next 3 years, with the aim of opening 50 new parlours. The acquisition will see a new company structure developed, and a key focus will be on enhancing the brand internationally, continuous product innovation, and identifying qualifying candidates for franchise partnerships.\nThe board have already identified new sites in LA, New York and North Africa in addition to the further sites under construction in Jordan and the UK. The Four Winters head office will now move from Jordan to London with immediate effect.\nSpeaking about the acquisition, ZeidZabian said:\n“I am extremely excited about the acquisition and having worked with Omar for the past few years, I know that with his leadership we are now fully equipped as a team to move forward with the shared vision we have for Four Winters. In an environment where we are growing at a rapid pace, increasing flexibility and speed to market is critical for us. Our goal is to make sure we have the right organisational structure in place to strengthen our performance, which includes our 50 company-owned parlour target, and the development of a franchising platform. Whilst our growth plans are ambitious, we believe in our product and have a stellar global team to ensure expansion targets are met. We are looking forward to continued brand growth and success in 2018 and beyond.”\nOmar Alkhawaja, added:\n“This acquisition shows just how much I believe in Four Winters and everything the brand represents. I would like to thank Zeid for his committed leadership of the Four Winters global management team and I am looking forward to executing our growth plans. Expanding in North America, Europe, North Africa and the Middle East as well as other potential territories is very exciting, but we do have our work cut out for us. That is why working with strong and committed partners as well as investing a substantial amount of our capital in our supply chain is very important. I am sure with the team we have and the vision in place, we are well poised to expand to all corners of the globe!”\nWeek Commencing 18th could be the busiest expense week ever for UK businesses\nWhat to expect from markets in 2018 – Colin McLean, SVM Asset Management","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1561113"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6167654395103455,"wiki_prob":0.6167654395103455,"text":"California needs to invest in its school facilities\nWhy I’ll be on strike from Kaiser on MLK Day\nOpinion // Open Forum\nTom Torlakson and Jack O’Connell\nJan. 6, 2016 Updated: Jan. 6, 2016 3:40 p.m.\nStudents on the playground at George Peabody Elementary School in San Francisco in April 2015.Michael Short/Special To The Chronicle\nResearch shows that children perform better in safe, modern learning environments. However, a recent study published by UC Berkeley’s Center for Cities and Schools rang the alarm that school districts are struggling to keep up with basic facility maintenance. The report states that the majority of districts are underspending on maintenance, which could lead to decaying school buildings. The report also found an alarming trend that many districts are disproportionately spending operating budget resources on building maintenance — taking dollars away from academic programming.\nAs the current and former California state superintendents of public instruction, we remain concerned with the persistent achievement gap — the disparity in academic performance between groups of students caused in part by availability of resources — that can create reverberating consequences for a child’s life. It is our responsibility to advocate for policies that help ensure every child has access to a high-quality learning environment. That is why we are both supporting the Kindergarten Through Community College Public Education Facilities Bond Act of 2016.\nCalifornia schools\nOakland preschool on wheels seeks to bridge access gap\nSchool districts can reduce suspensions to increase achievement\nThis initiative will invest $9 billion in school facilities by replenishing the fund that provides matching state grants to districts that have already raised local dollars. The money will go directly where it is needed: helping districts complete capital renewal projects, upgrading decaying classrooms, and providing technological upgrades, including better Internet access and well-equipped career education centers. The measure will also finance new buildings and schools to keep up with growth where needed.\nWhile some districts can access today’s technology and offer well-maintained learning environments, too many children go to school in run-down, outdated schools. Two-thirds of our K-12 schools are more than 25 years old, and many are in need of critical upgrades to meet current health, safety and education standards, such as seismic retrofits and modernized classroom technology. But the latest data from the Center for Cities and Schools shows that districts cannot afford to go it alone and need the state to continue its role as a reliable investment partner.\nThis is especially true for those districts serving lower-income communities. We both have seen firsthand how the investment partnership between districts, the state and the business community has helped level the playing field for smaller and lower-wealth districts through its Financial Hardship program where eligible school districts can apply for grants that cover up to 100 percent of construction projects.\nHowever, it’s been nearly a decade since California last replenished the account, and the funds for school improvements are depleted. As a result, there is a growing $2 billion backlog of K-12 school district applications that have been submitted for state funding with another $500 million in approved community college projects, with billions more in identified need. If the state reneges on its obligation as an investment partner, we face the prospect of returning to the days where wide differences in school district wealth resulted in uneven and unequal educational experiences.\nThe good news is that if voters pass the state school bond in November, we can replenish the state fund so that all eligible districts again can partner with the state and invest in creating optimal teaching and learning environments. The state’s continued participation in school facility investment is vital if we are to meet our goals of graduating all our students to be career- and college-ready and adequately preparing them to compete in a highly competitive global economy.\nAbout Opinion\nGuest opinions in Open Forum and Insight are produced by writers with expertise, personal experience or original insights on a subject of interest to our readers. Their views do not necessarily reflect the opinion of The Chronicle editorial board, which is committed to providing a diversity of ideas to our readership.\nRead more about our transparency and ethics policies\nTom Torlakson has served as the state superintendent of public instruction since 2011. Jack O’ Connell was the state superintendent of public instruction from 2003 to 2011.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line552146"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5025812387466431,"wiki_prob":0.5025812387466431,"text":"genetic variants\nLargest-Ever Genetic Study of Autism Yields New Insights\nPosted on February 4th, 2020 by Dr. Francis Collins\nAnyone who’s spent time with people affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can tell you that it’s a very complex puzzle. The wide variability seen among individuals with this group of developmental brain disorders, which can disrupt communication, behavior control, and social skills, has also posed a huge challenge for researchers trying to identify underlying genetic and environmental factors. So, it’s no surprise that there’s been considerable interest in the recent findings of the largest-ever genetic study of ASD.\nIn a landmark study that analyzed the DNA of more than 35,000 people from around the world, the NIH-funded international Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC) identified variants in 102 genes associated with increased risk of developing ASD, up from 65 identified previously. Of the 102 genes, 60 had not been previously linked to ASD and 53 appeared to be primarily connected to ASD as opposed to other types of intellectual disability or developmental delay. It is expected that this newfound genetic knowledge will serve to improve understanding of the complex biological mechanisms involved in ASD, ultimately paving the way for new approaches to diagnosis and treatment.\nThe study reported in the journal Cell was led by Joseph Buxbaum, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Stephan Sanders, University of California, San Francisco; Kathryn Roeder, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA; and Mark Daly, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA. These researchers and their teams faced what might seem like a rather daunting task.\nWhile common genetic variants collectively are known to contribute substantially to ASD, rare variants have been recognized individually as more major contributors to a person’s risk of developing ASD. The challenge was how to find such rare variants—whether inherited or newly arising.\nTo do so, the researchers needed to analyze a enormous amount of DNA data. Fortunately, they and their ASC colleagues already had assembled a vast trove of data. Over the last decade, the ASC had collected DNA samples with full consent from thousands of people with and without ASD, including unaffected siblings and parents. All were aggregated with other studies, and, at the time of this investigation, they had gathered 35,584 unique samples. Those included more than 21,000 family-based samples and almost 12,000 samples from people diagnosed with ASD.\nIn search of rare genetic alterations, they sequenced whole exomes, the approximately 1.5 percent of the genome that codes for proteins. Their search produced a list of 102 ASD-associated genes, including 30 that had never been implicated in any developmental brain disorder previously.\nBut that was just the beginning. Next, the ASC team dug deeper into this list. The researchers knew from previous work that up to half of people with ASD also have an intellectual disability or developmental delay. Many of the associated genes overlap, meaning they play roles in both outcomes. So, in one set of analyses, the team compared the list to the results of another genetic study of people diagnosed with developmental delays, including problems with learning or gross motor skills such as delayed walking.\nThe detailed comparison allowed them to discern genes that are more associated with features of ASD, as opposed to those that are more specific to these developmental delays. It turns out that 49 of the 102 autism-associated genes were altered more often in people with developmental delay than in those diagnosed with ASD. The other 53 were altered more often in ASD, suggesting that they may be more closely linked to this condition’s unique features.\nFurther study also showed that people who carried alterations in genes found predominantly in ASD also had better intellectual function. They also were more likely to have learned to walk without a developmental delay.\nThe 102 new genes fell primarily into one of two categories. Many play a role in the brain’s neural connections. The rest are involved primarily in switching other genes on and off in brain development. Interestingly, they are expressed both in excitatory neurons, which are active in sending signals in the brain, and in inhibitory neurons that squelch such activity. Many of these genes are also commonly expressed in the brain’s cerebral cortex, the outermost part of the brain that is responsible for many complex behaviors.\nOverall, these findings underscore that ASD truly does exist on a spectrum. Indeed, there are many molecular paths to this disorder. The ASC researchers continue to collect samples, so we can expect this list of 102 genes will continue to expand in the future.\nWith these gene discoveries in hand, the researchers will now also turn their attention to unravelling additional details about how these genes function in the brain. The hope is that this growing list of genes will converge on a smaller number of important molecular pathways, pointing the way to new and more precise ways of treating ASD in all its complexity.\n[1] Large-scale exome sequencing study implicates both developmental and functional changes in the neurobiology of autism. Satterstrom FK, Kosmicki JA, Wang J, Breen MS, De Rubeis S, An JY, Peng M, Collins R, Grove J, Klei L, Stevens C, Reichert J, Mulhern MS, Artomov M, Gerges S, Sheppard B, Xu X, Bhaduri A, Norman U, Brand H, Schwartz G, Nguyen R, Guerrero EE, Dias C; Autism Sequencing Consortium; iPSYCH-Broad Consortium, Betancur C, Cook EH, Gallagher L, Gill M, Sutcliffe JS, Thurm A, Zwick ME, Børglum AD, State MW, Cicek AE, Talkowski ME, Cutler DJ, Devlin B, Sanders SJ, Roeder K, Daly MJ, Buxbaum JD.Cell. 2020 Jan 23. {Epub ahead of print]\nAutism Spectrum Disorder (NIH/National Institute of Mental Health)\nJoseph Buxbaum (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York)\nSanders Lab (University of California, San Francisco)\nKathryn Roeder (Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA)\nMark Daly (Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA)\nAutism Sequencing Consortium (Emory University, Atlanta)\nNIH Support: National Institute Mental Health; National Human Genome Research Institute\nTags: ASD, autism, Autism Sequencing Consortium, Autism Spectrum Disorder, behavior, brain, cerebral cortex, childhood disorder, development, developmental delay, developmental neurobiology, DNA, exome sequencing, genes, genetic variants, genomics, neuro-developmental delay, neurons, neuroscience, social skills\nGene-Editing Advance Puts More Gene-Based Cures Within Reach\nPosted on November 5th, 2019 by Dr. Francis Collins\nCaption: The prime editing system (left) contains three parts: two enzymes, Cas9 and reverse transcriptase, and an engineered guide RNA, pegRNA. Unlike regular CRISPR gene editing, prime editing nicks just one strand of the DNA molecule (right) and then uses RNA and reverse transcriptase to direct highly targeted changes to a cell’s DNA. Credit: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.\nThere’s been tremendous excitement recently about the potential of CRISPR and related gene-editing technologies for treating or even curing sickle cell disease (SCD), muscular dystrophy, HIV, and a wide range of other devastating conditions. Now comes word of another remarkable advance—called “prime editing”—that may bring us even closer to reaching that goal.\nAs groundbreaking as CRISPR/Cas9 has been for editing specific genes, the system has its limitations. The initial version is best suited for making a double-stranded break in DNA, followed by error-prone repair. The outcome is generally to knock out the target. That’s great if eliminating the target is the desired goal. But what if the goal is to fix a mutation by editing it back to the normal sequence?\nThe new prime editing system, which was described recently by NIH-funded researchers in the journal Nature, is revolutionary because it offers much greater control for making a wide range of precisely targeted edits to the DNA code, which consists of the four “letters” (actually chemical bases) A, C, G, and T [1].\nAlready, in tests involving human cells grown in the lab, the researchers have used prime editing to correct genetic mutations that cause two inherited diseases: SCD, a painful, life-threatening blood disorder, and Tay-Sachs disease, a fatal neurological disorder. What’s more, they say the versatility of their new gene-editing system means it can, in principle, correct about 89 percent of the more than 75,000 known genetic variants associated with human diseases.\nIn standard CRISPR, a scissor-like enzyme called Cas9 is used to cut all the way through both strands of the DNA molecule’s double helix. That usually results in the cell’s DNA repair apparatus inserting or deleting DNA letters at the site. As a result, CRISPR is extremely useful for disrupting genes and inserting or removing large DNA segments. However, it is difficult to use this system to make more subtle corrections to DNA, such as swapping a letter T for an A.\nTo expand the gene-editing toolbox, a research team led by David R. Liu, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, previously developed a class of editing agents called base editors [2,3]. Instead of cutting DNA, base editors directly convert one DNA letter to another. However, base editing has limitations, too. It works well for correcting four of the most common single letter mutations in DNA. But at least so far, base editors haven’t been able to make eight other single letter changes, or fix extra or missing DNA letters.\nIn contrast, the new prime editing system can precisely and efficiently swap any single letter of DNA for any other, and can make both deletions and insertions, at least up to a certain size. The system consists of a modified version of the Cas9 enzyme fused with another enzyme, called reverse transcriptase, and a specially engineered guide RNA, called pegRNA. The latter contains the desired gene edit and steers the needed editing apparatus to a specific site in a cell’s DNA.\nOnce at the site, the Cas9 nicks one strand of the double helix. Then, reverse transcriptase uses one DNA strand to “prime,” or initiate, the letter-by-letter transfer of new genetic information encoded in the pegRNA into the nicked spot, much like the search-and-replace function of word processing software. The process is then wrapped up when the prime editing system prompts the cell to remake the other DNA strand to match the new genetic information.\nSo far, in tests involving human cells grown in a lab dish, Liu and his colleagues have used prime editing to correct the most common mutation that causes SCD, converting a T to an A. They were also able to remove four DNA letters to correct the most common mutation underlying Tay-Sachs disease, a devastating condition that typically produces symptoms in children within the first year and leads to death by age four. The researchers also used their new system to insert new DNA segments up to 44 letters long and to remove segments at least 80 letters long.\nPrime editing does have certain limitations. For example, 11 percent of known disease-causing variants result from changes in the number of gene copies, and it’s unclear if prime editing can insert or remove DNA that’s the size of full-length genes—which may contain up to 2.4 million letters.\nIt’s also worth noting that now-standard CRISPR editing and base editors have been tested far more thoroughly than prime editing in many different kinds of cells and animal models. These earlier editing technologies also may be more efficient for some purposes, so they will likely continue to play unique and useful roles in biomedicine.\nAs for prime editing, additional research is needed before we can consider launching human clinical trials. Among the areas that must be explored are this technology’s safety and efficacy in a wide range of cell types, and its potential for precisely and safely editing genes in targeted tissues within living animals and people.\nMeanwhile, building on all these bold advances, efforts are already underway to accelerate the development of affordable, accessible gene-based cures for SCD and HIV on a global scale. Just last month, NIH and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation announced a collaboration that will invest at least $200 million over the next four years toward this goal. Last week, I had the chance to present this plan and discuss it with global health experts at the Grand Challenges meeting Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The project is an unprecedented partnership designed to meet an unprecedented opportunity to address health conditions that once seemed out of reach but—as this new work helps to show—may now be within our grasp.\n[1] Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA. Anzalone AV, Randolph PB, Davis JR, Sousa AA, Koblan LW, Levy JM, Chen PJ, Wilson C, Newby GA, Raguram A, Liu DR. Nature. Online 2019 October 21. [Epub ahead of print]\n[2] Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage. Komor AC, Kim YB, Packer MS, Zuris JA, Liu DR. Nature. 2016 May 19;533(7603):420-424.\n[3] Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage. Gaudelli NM, Komor AC, Rees HA, Packer MS, Badran AH, Bryson DI, Liu DR. Nature. 2017 Nov 23;551(7681):464-471.\nTay-Sachs Disease (Genetics Home Reference/National Library of Medicine/NIH)\nSickle Cell Disease (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH)\nCure Sickle Cell Initiative (NHLBI)\nWhat are Genome Editing and CRISPR-Cas9? (National Library of Medicine/NIH)\nSomatic Cell Genome Editing Program (Common Fund/NIH)\nDavid R. Liu (Harvard, Cambridge, MA)\nNIH Support: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Human Genome Research Institute; National Institute for General Medical Sciences; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences\nTags: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, chemical bases, CRISPR, CRISPR/Cas9, gene editing, genetic variants, Grand Challenges, HIV, muscular dystrophy, mutations, nucleotides, pegRNA, prime editing, rare disease, reverse transcriptase, sickle cell disease, Tay-Sachs disease\nA New Piece of the Alzheimer’s Puzzle\nCredit: National Institute on Aging, NIH\nFor the past few decades, researchers have been busy uncovering genetic variants associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [1]. But there’s still a lot to learn about the many biological mechanisms that underlie this devastating neurological condition that affects as many as 5 million Americans [2].\nAs an example, an NIH-funded research team recently found that AD susceptibility may hinge not only upon which gene variants are present in a person’s DNA, but also how RNA messages encoded by the affected genes are altered to produce proteins [3]. After studying brain tissue from more than 450 deceased older people, the researchers found that samples from those with AD contained many more unusual RNA messages than those without AD.\nTags: AD, aging, aging brain, alternative splicing, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer’s disease, brain, dementia, genetic variants, introns, memory, Memory and Aging Project, messenger RNA, Mount Sinai NIH Brain and Tissue Repository, prefrontal cortex, Religious Orders Study, RNA, RNA map, RNA splicing, spinal muscular atrophy, transcriptome\nBig Data Study Reveals Possible Subtypes of Type 2 Diabetes\nPosted on November 10th, 2015 by Dr. Francis Collins\nCaption: Computational model showing study participants with type 2 diabetes grouped into three subtypes, based on similarities in data contained in their electronic health records. Such information included age, gender (red/orange/yellow indicates females; blue/green, males), health history, and a range of routine laboratory and medical tests.\nCredit: Dudley Lab, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York\nIn recent years, there’s been a lot of talk about how “Big Data” stands to revolutionize biomedical research. Indeed, we’ve already gained many new insights into health and disease thanks to the power of new technologies to generate astonishing amounts of molecular data—DNA sequences, epigenetic marks, and metabolic signatures, to name a few. But what’s often overlooked is the value of combining all that with a more mundane type of Big Data: the vast trove of clinical information contained in electronic health records (EHRs).\nIn a recent study in Science Translational Medicine [1], NIH-funded researchers demonstrated the tremendous potential of using EHRs, combined with genome-wide analysis, to learn more about a common, chronic disease—type 2 diabetes. Sifting through the EHR and genomic data of more than 11,000 volunteers, the researchers uncovered what appear to be three distinct subtypes of type 2 diabetes. Not only does this work have implications for efforts to reduce this leading cause of death and disability, it provides a sneak peek at the kind of discoveries that will be made possible by the new Precision Medicine Initiative’s national research cohort, which will enroll 1 million or more volunteers who agree to share their EHRs and genomic information.\nTags: big data, chronic disease, clinical data, cohort, diabetes, diabetes subtypes, diabetic complications, diabetic heart disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, electronic health records, genetic variants, genome-wide analysis, genomics, obesity, precision medicine, Precision Medicine Initiative, translational medicine, type 2 diabetes\nPrecision Medicine: Who Benefits from Aspirin to Prevent Colorectal Cancer?\nIn recent years, scientific evidence has begun to accumulate that indicates taking aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on a daily basis may lower the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Now, a new study provides more precise information on who might benefit from this particular prevention strategy, as well as who might not.\nPublished in the journal JAMA, the latest work shows that, for the majority of people studied, regular use of aspirin or NSAIDs was associated with about a one-third lower risk of developing colorectal cancer. But the international research team, partly funded by NIH, also found that not all regular users of aspirin/NSAIDs reaped such benefits—about 9 percent experienced no reduction in colorectal cancer risk and 4 percent actually appeared to have an increased risk [1]. Was this just coincidence, or might there be a biological explanation?\nTags: aspirin, cancer, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, DNA, genetic variants, inflammation, NSAID, precision medicine, Precision Medicine Initiative, prevention, prostaglandins, rectal cancer","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1601402"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9953421950340271,"wiki_prob":0.9953421950340271,"text":"Burnley signed a two-year veteran goalkeeper Hennessey.\nBurnley sign Wales goalkeeper Wayne Hennessey that has become a free agent already. Burnley have announced the signing of 34-year-old veteran goalkeeper Hennessey on a two-year contract. Become a local goalkeeper at Turf Moor until the end of the 2022-23 season. Hennessey’s contract with Crystal Palace officially\nJul 29, 2021 by admin in Sportnews\nManchester City have signed a one-year contract\nManchester City have signed a one-year contract with veteran goalkeeper Scott Carson. Extend the service life until the summer of 2022. Carson has officially expired with Derby County this summer. After spending two seasons at Manchester City on loan, City have announced a one-year contract with the\nTottenham Hotspur are close to reaching an agreement with Sevilla over the swapping of Argentine winger Eric Lamela with young Spanish winger Brian Kil. Sky Sports reports that Tottenham Hotspur will be reinforcing their first squad this summer. By seizing the 20-year-old left-wing Kyle from Sevilla\nRennes are delighted to open talks with Manchester United\nRennes are delighted to open talks with Manchester United over the sale of 18-year-old midfielder. Eduardo Camawinga as his contract enters the final 12 months. According to ESPN, Rennes chairman Nicolas Olvek has made no secret of his desire to open talks to sell Gamawinka\nBraim delighted to receive number 10 for Milan in the new season\nBraim delighted to receive number 10 for Milan in the new season. Braim Diaz, an attacking midfielder who recently signed a new loan at AC Milan, is delighted to switch to the number 10 shirt next season and insists he will do his best. Braim\nKristoffer Ayer examines Brentford\nKristoffer Ayer is set to become another Brentford newcomer after undergoing a medical, awaiting a £13.5m move from Celtic. The agreement of the 23-year-old star player between the two teams has been reached. For now, only the final detail remains to be summarized. Ayer,\nEverton signed a one-year contract with Begovic\nEverton signed a one-year contract with Begovic. Everton have announced the signing of Bosnian goalkeeper Asmir Begovic on a one-year contract. The 34-year-old has moved to Goodison Park on a free transfer after his contract with Bournemouth at the Championships expired. That makes him the\nDalbert Lagui joins Cagliari on loan with an option to buy\nDalbert Lagui joins Cagliari on loan with an option to buy. Brazilian left-back Dalbert has moved from Inter Milan to Cagliari with a loan agreement. Its with an absolute purchase price of 7 million euros. The deal was finalized last week. But details will take some\nManchester United are among the favorites ahead of Arsenal\nManchester United are among the favorites ahead of Arsenal in the race for Wolves midfielder Ruben Neves. ufabet has revealed that the Red Devils are in search of a new midfielder this summer. Regardless of whether Paul Pogba leaves the club or not.\nFerland Mendy is unhappy at Real Madrid\nFerland Mendy is unhappy about his contract at Real Madrid, insisting the midfielder still wants to play for the Spanish club. Earlier, reports from Sport revealed that the 26-year-old left-back was unhappy about his contract at Real Madrid as Los Blancos had to cut his\nAC Milan has not given up on a new plan to hunt down Botman.\nRalph Rangnick wants to improve the team.\nJesse Lingard Did not receive any offers from West Ham","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1332426"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6572048664093018,"wiki_prob":0.34279513359069824,"text":"Person Detail: Colin Powell\nFull Name: Colin Powell\n(1937-2021) Military leader, memorist. Colin Powell was born in Harlem, Manhattan, New York, and died in Bethesda, Maryland.\nColin Luther Powell was born in Harlem, Manhattan, New York, on April 5, 1937.\nMr. Powell graduated from City College of New York in 1958.\nColin Powell died at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, on October 18, 2021.\nMy American Journey: An Autobiography\n(Pub: Random House ISBN: 9780679432968 / 978-0679432968 )\nAutobiography written with Joseph E. Persico.\nIt Worked for Me, Lessons in Life and Leadership\n(Pub: Harper ISBN: 0062135120 / 978-0062135124 )\nMemoir.\n? Bronx County\nAs a child, Mr. Powell lived in Hunts Point section of South Bronx, New York.\nMr. Powell graduated from Morris High School in the Bronx, New York.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1646419"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6792597770690918,"wiki_prob":0.6792597770690918,"text":"Home › NYC \"Cat Whiskers\"Logo Shirt\nNYC \"Cat Whiskers\"Logo Shirt\nsmall - $20.00 USD medium - $20.00 USD large - $20.00 USD X-Large - $20.00 USD 2X-Large - $22.00 USD 3X-Large - $22.00 USD 4X-Large - $24.00 USD 5X-Large - $24.00 USD\nNYC \"Cat Whiskers\" Logo Shirt\nLogo Printed on Front\nShirt Color - NYC Black\nThe New York Central Railroad (reporting mark NYC) was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States. Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.\nThe railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St.Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit. NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.\nIn 1968 the NYC merged with its former rival, the Pennsylvania Railroad, to form Penn Central (the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad joined in 1969). That company went bankrupt in 1970 and was taken over by the federal government and merged into Conrail in 1976. Conrail was broken up in 1998, and portions of its system was transferred to the newly formed New York Central Lines LLC, a subsidiary leased to and eventually absorbed by CSX and Norfolk Southern. Those companies' lines included the original New York Central main line, but outside that area it included lines that were never part of the New York Central system. CSX was able to take one of the most important main lines in the nation, which runs from New York City and Boston to Cleveland, Ohio, as part of the Water Level Route, while Norfolk Southern gained the Cleveland, Ohio to Chicago, Illinois portion of the line called the Chicago line.\nAt the end of 1925, the New York Central System operated 11,584 miles (18,643 km) of road and 26,395 miles (42,479 km) of track; at the end of 1967 the mileages were 9,696 miles (15,604 km) and 18,454 miles (29,699 km)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line225497"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9243627190589905,"wiki_prob":0.9243627190589905,"text":"NewsWorldAmericas\nObama calls for inquiry into vice claims against Secret Service\nEleven élite agents allegedly brought prostitutes to their hotel ahead of summit\nMonday 16 April 2012 22:40\nThe US Secret Service was yesterday stepping up its investigation into claims that agents dispatched to Colombia ahead of a weekend summit consorted with prostitutes, after President Barack Obama said he would be \"angry\" if the allegations turned out to be true.\nAt least 11 élite agents with the Secret Service who were in Cartagena ahead of the President's arrival at the Summit of the Americas face possible disciplinary action for allegedly bringing local prostitutes to their rooms at the fancy Caribe Hotel, where the US delegation stayed.\nLurid reports of secret agents \"gone wild\" in the resort town overshadowed the summit of leaders from North and South America and threatened to become a major embarrassment for the Secret Service. According to the Daily News in New York, the agents found the women in a dingy local \"love club\". The Defence Department said it was also looking into whether five of its personnel may have violated a curfew and participated in wider misconduct.\nMr Obama was forced to address the affair at an end-of-summit press conference. \"When we travel, we have to observe the highest standards,\" he said. \"We're not just representing ourselves. We're here on behalf of our people. If it turns out that that some of the allegations made in the press are confirmed, then of course, I'll be angry.\" He made it clear that he expected a \"rigorous\" investigation into all the claims.\nThe scandal may prompt calls from Congress for an overhaul of the leadership structure in the Secret Service, an élite cadre of agents that, according to its critics, has long escaped proper scrutiny. \"This really is the biggest scandal in the history of the Secret Service,\" Ron Kessler, author of In the President's Secret Service, said. \"There's a culture in the Secret Service that's fostered by the management of just nodding, winking, favouritism.\"\nDarrell Issa, a Republican and chair of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, said: \"They don't just protect the President, of course; they protect the cabinet members, the Vice-President, the first family, candidates. When you look at this, you realise if you can have this kind of breakdown, one that could lead to blackmail... then we've got to ask: where are the systems in place to prevent this in the future?\"\nThe incident occurred a few days before the start of the summit and Mr Obama's arrival. Prostitution is legal in some designated zones in Colombia. Women brought to the Caribe Hotel would have been expected to leave their IDs at the front desk and retrieve them after leaving before 7am.\nOne of the prostitutes failed to meet the 7am deadline after getting into an argument with an agent about payment. That was reported to the police, who informed the US embassy.\nAlbanyEspionage And IntelligenceGeorgia (usa)HotelsProstitutionUSAUS TV\n1/0Obama calls for inquiry into vice claims against Secret Service","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line424666"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9536179900169373,"wiki_prob":0.9536179900169373,"text":"Dr Kamal Munir of Cambridge Judge Business School has been appointed a Pro-Vice-Chancellor (University Community and Engagement), for a first term of three years with effect from 1 October 2021.\nDr Kamal Munir\nDr Kamal Munir is a Reader in Strategy and Policy at Cambridge Judge Business School, and is Academic Director at the Centre for Strategic Philanthropy based at the Business School, and will remain in those roles during his new appointment. He is a University Race and Inclusion Champion, and is a Fellow of Homerton College.\nIn his role as Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Dr Munir will provide leadership on matters relating to the University’s community, with an emphasis on staff and public engagement. These areas of responsibility have increased significantly in recent years and are a priority area for the University.\nDr Munir’s new role takes over from Professor Eilis Ferran, who will complete her term in office as Pro‑Vice‑Chancellor for Institutional and International Relations at the end of this academic year. The international portfolio will be combined with the Pro‑Vice‑Chancellor (Research) role, since there are important synergies between the University’s international and research activities.\nDr Munir will lead the development and implementation of strategy and policy relating to all staff (academic and professional services). Building on the foundations put down during Professor Ferran’s tenure, he will have a focus on equality and diversity. The University’s aim is to stand out among its international peers for the excellence of its practice in this area. Dr Munir will also further develop the University’s considerable collections both as an important teaching and research resource, and in public engagement with those outside the University community: locally, regionally, nationally and internationally.\nThere are five Pro-Vice-Chancellors, whose roles provide academic leadership to the University and support the Vice-Chancellor. They work as a team with the Heads of the Schools, the Registrary, the Chief Financial Officer and other senior colleagues, to ensure that the University maintains and enhances its contribution to society and its global academic standing.\nVisit Dr Kamal Munir’s faculty webpage\ncommunities diversity engagement inclusion Kamal Munir","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line867466"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8208717107772827,"wiki_prob":0.8208717107772827,"text":"www.arcamax.com\nRoadshow: 2022 Volvo C40 Recharge makes style count\nDaniel Golson, Roadshow on Oct 25, 2021\nIt might drive just like the XC40, but Volvo's latest crossover has looks that are worth the premium.\nThe 2022 Volvo C40 Recharge is full of firsts for the Swedish brand. It's Volvo's first car that's only available with a fully electric powertrain, with pretty much every upcoming model to follow suit. It's Volvo's first entry into the crossover-coupe market, and it's the first Volvo to only be available with a leather-free interior, like all future Volvo EVs will be. The C40 is also the company's first car that's only available to purchase online. Despite all of these firsts, the C40 Recharge just feels like, well, a regular Volvo — and a great one at that.\nDriving impressions and technical data aren't what matters most with the C40. The coupeover is available with one powertrain configuration that uses a 78-kilowatt-hour battery pack and a pair of electric motors, one at each axle. The setup is identical to the XC40 Recharge, but with 408 horsepower and 487 pound-feet of torque the C40 is slightly more powerful than the XC40. Volvo quotes a 0-to-60-mph time of 4.5 seconds, a couple tenths quicker than the XC40. While the EPA hasn't officially rated the C40 yet Volvo estimates a range of 225 miles, also slightly better than the XC40's estimated 208 miles.\nThe C40 seems quieter on the highway than the XC40, likely helped by its better aerodynamics. The 20-inch wheels with a cool aero design and all-season tires will be standard in the US, and the C40 has nonadaptive dampers. Its ride is firm but smooth and comfortable, even on the cobblestone roads of Ghent, Belgium. There are no drive modes beyond Off-Road, though you can make the steering weight heavier and adjust the level of regenerative braking — I love the C40's true one-pedal capability. Overall, the C40 drives pretty much exactly the same as its XC40 sibling, and that's a good thing.\nNow, the good stuff. Nearly every body panel is unique to the C40: Its front end is similar to that of the XC40, but the blocked-off grille is more sleekly integrated and the standard pixel LED headlights are more angular. The logo in the grille is heated so the camera and sensors within won't get grimy in lousy weather. The lower surfacing has a more horizontal line that's continued on at the rear bumper, but the bumper itself remains the same. Exclusive to the C40 is the new Fjord blue color that was inspired by, you guessed it, the waters of Sweden's fjords, which are a deeper blue color than the dark water of lakes or the greener ocean. The blue was chosen partially because it's currently on trend, but also because it's indicative of the C40's eco-conscious vibe.\nAll that said, the roofline is obviously the main event. It's one continuous curve from the base of the hood to the tail, and the side windows kick up at the C-pillar to line up with the roof spoiler. The C40 will only be offered with a black roof no matter the paint color, and I think it really works. The dual upper spoilers are stylish and functional, increasing aerodynamics and hiding the hinges, while the lower spoiler at the base of the window is purely functional, improving stability. My favorite design feature is the new taillights, which extend all the way up the hatch with segmented LEDs and have cool body color inserts on the tailgate.\nThe C40's cabin doesn't stray as far from the XC40, but it gets some unique touches. The car is launching with an all-black color scheme consisting of suede and Microtech upholstery. And while the C40's interior is completely leather-free, Volvo is careful not to call the interior vegan. (There are animal byproducts used in the interior's creation.) Similar to what's in the Polestar 2, the Microtech material feels durable and high-end, kind of like a wetsuit or fancy bag. Coming next year will be this same material combo in another color, two textile choices and even a stunning silver wool option, though I don't know which (if any) will come to the U.S.\nSpicing up the black interior are the available Fjord blue carpets and felt door inserts, which are a no-cost option and an absolute must-have. A large, fixed panoramic roof is standard, and though it's UV tinted I still wish there was a sunshade. The front cabin gets cool 3D trim pieces on the dashboard and doors that have a geometric motif, and the plastic is illuminated from behind, a very cool effect when it comes on at night. The pattern is an actual section of topographical map from the Abisko National Park in Sweden.\nStandard on the C40 is a 9-inch portrait touchscreen running Volvo's new Google-based infotainment system, which is a big upgrade over the old Sensus software. The C40 does have a few new features that will come to the XC40 via over-the-air update, like a new range optimization button that adjusts the climate control for better efficiency without completely turning it off. Volvo says that more apps are in the works, including more than just the media apps currently available.\nObviously the coupe-like roof cuts into the C40's cargo space compared to the XC40, but honestly not by much. The XC40's rear hatch is already pretty raked and the C40 still gets a three-way split bench seat that folds completely flat, though rear headroom is definitely tighter for those over 6 feet tall. There are a couple of storage cubbies underneath the cargo area floor, too. Rear visibility is quite a bit worse in the C40, mostly because of the much smaller rear window, and I wish the C40 had a rear wiper. But the styling to me is worth the practicality trade-off, especially when you get to the price.\nThe C40 starts at $59,845 including a $1,095 destination charge, and it only comes in one trim level and no options beyond metallic paint, which costs $695 (the only no-cost color is black). Otherwise the C40 comes fully loaded, including features that are optional on the XC40. The XC40 Recharge starts at $56,395, but add those options and it's only a few hundred bucks cheaper than the C40.\nIncluded in the C40's near-$60K price tag is dual-zone automatic climate control, heated front and rear seats, a heated steering wheel, a 12-inch digital gauge cluster, power front seats, power-folding rear headrests, an excellent Harman Kardon sound system, a wireless charging pad, a power liftgate and a heat pump for better cold weather efficiency. Also standard is Volvo's Pilot Assist adaptive cruise control system with stop-and-go, blind-spot monitoring, lane-keeping assist, road sign recognition, a 360-degree camera system and front and rear parking sensors.\nThe C40 Recharge is available to reserve now with a refundable $500 deposit. No C40s will be stocked at dealerships as the car is only available to purchase online, a move that Volvo will use for future EVs as well. Volvo says this is achievable thanks to the C40's small options list, and while I don't have much info on the delivery process yet, it's said to be \"quick.\"\nThe C40's styling and purchase process won't be for everyone, but for design-conscious and tech-forward folk that want a solid EV, this new Volvo is a great option — and it foreshadows a lot of what's to come from the brand's more mainstream offerings.\nEditors' note: Travel costs related to this story were covered by the manufacturer, which is common in the auto industry. The judgments and opinions of Roadshow's staff are our own and we do not accept paid editorial content.\n©2021 Roadshow. Visit at cnet.com/roadshow. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line171527"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9796534180641174,"wiki_prob":0.9796534180641174,"text":"Bob Saget, ‘Full House’ Star and Comedian, Dies at 65\nBob Saget, a stand-up comedian and actor beloved for his role as Danny Tanner on the 1990s sitcom “Full House,” died Sunday at the Ritz-Carlton hotel in Orlando, Fla., police confirmed to Variety. He was 65.\nShortly after 4 p.m., police officers responded to a man-down call at the Ritz-Carlton Orlando, Grande Lakes hotel and discovered Saget unresponsive in a hotel room, the Orange County Sheriff’s Office told Variety. He was pronounced dead at the scene. The sheriff’s office did not have any information on a cause of death, and detectives did not find any signs of foul play or drug use in the case. The Medical Examiner’s Office will determine a cause and manner of death at a later date.\nRead more: “Full House” stars John Stamos, Candace Cameron Bure and more pay tribute to Bob Saget.\nSaget had recently kicked off a nationwide stand-up tour in September, 2021 that was set to run through June, 2022. According to his most recent post on Twitter, Saget had performed Saturday evening at Ponte Vedra Concert Hall in Jacksonville, Fla.\n“We are devastated to confirm that our beloved Bob passed away today,” his family said in a statement. “He was everything to us and we want you to know how much he loved his fans, performing live and bringing people from all walks of life together with laughter. Though we ask for privacy at this time, we invite you to join us in remembering the love and laughter that Bob brought to the world.”\nIn 1987, Saget was cast as patriarch Danny Tanner on ABC’s “Full House,” where he played the father of D.J. (Candace Cameron), Stephanie (Jodie Sweetin) and Michelle Tanner (Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen). In the show, he raises his daughters as a single dad after the death of his wife, and he was joined by his brother-in-law Jesse Katsopolis (John Stamos) and his best friend Joey Gladstone (Dave Coulier) to run their adorably dysfunctional sitcom family. The show ran for eight seasons and 192 episodes from 1987 to 1994, reaching more than 17 million viewers during its peak in Season 5. From Season 3 onwards, “Full House” was in the Nielsen Top 30 TV shows.\nRelated: Watch Bob Saget’s Funniest Moments, From ‘Full House’ to Dirty Jokes\nNetflix launched a sequel series, titled “Fuller House,” which ran for five season and 75 episodes from 2016 to 2020. Saget reprised his role on the show in 10 episodes of the follow-up, including the series premiere and finale. The show followed D.J. as she raised her own children, and most of the original cast members, excluding the Olsens, appeared on the show.\nFrom 1989 to 1997, Saget hosted “America’s Funniest Home Videos,” showcasing hilarious homemade videos of pranks, pratfalls and cute pets. Saget was the inaugural host of the show as it started out as an hourlong special, and he kept the emcee duties for eight seasons. After he departed, the show was co-hosted by John Fugelsang and Daisy Fuentes for two seasons. Tom Bergeron took over in 2001 for a 13-year run, followed by Alfonso Ribeiro starting in 2015.\nBesides “Full House” and “AFHV,” Saget was also known for narrating CBS’ “How I Met Your Mother,” where he voiced the future Ted Mosby (Josh Radnor) telling his children the story of how he met his wife. The show ran for nine seasons from 2005 to 2014, and Hulu is set to release a follow-up, titled “How I Met Your Father” starring Hilary Duff, on January 18.\nHe directed the 1998 film “Dirty Work,” starring Norm Macdonald and Artie Lang, which was largely panned by critics and a flop at the box office but has since reached cult status among fans. In the comedy documentary “The Aristocrats,” his telling of one of comedy’s notorious jokes was noted for its raunchiness.\nHe also helmed the parody film “Farce of the Penguins,” played a fictionalized version of himself in HBO’s “Entourage,” hosted the game shows “1 vs. 100” and “Nashville Squares” and appeared on the mystery singing competition “The Masked Singer” in 2020.\nKnown for his dark, sarcastic humor, Saget’s 2014 “That’s What I’m Talkin’ About,” was nominated for best comedy album at the Grammys. He dedicated his 2007 HBO comedy special, “That Ain’t Right,” to his father, Ben Saget, who had died months earlier due to complications from congestive heart failure.\nSaget was also a board member of the Scleroderma Research Foundation and raised money to help fight the autoimmune disease. His sister, Gay Saget, was diagnosed with scleroderma and died in 1993.\nHe is survived by his wife Kelly Rizzo and children Aubrey Saget, Jennifer Belle Saget and Lara Melanie Saget.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line451043"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5920584797859192,"wiki_prob":0.4079415202140808,"text":"About Hayti Reborn\nBooker T Washington referenced Durham, North Carolina as a “City of Negro Enterprise.” When he visited in 1910, he cited the ambition and tenacity of its residents to build and grow a bustling community. When W. E. B. Du Bois came to Durham in 1912, he expressed similar sentiments, he said this area of North Carolina had an “unparalleled level of black entrepreneurship”. Unfortunately, as with many urban areas in the United States this community was not left unscathed by Urban renewal initiatives in the 1960s which had a destructive effect on Durham’s black business community, especially in the Hayti and Parrish Street communities.\nHayti Reborn is a revitalization project inclusive of the redevelopment of the community surrounding Fayetteville Street Corridor without displacing the community and while ensuring their needs are at the core of all development plans.\n“If capitalism can be fashioned around the idea of suppressing black lives, can it be refashioned around the idea of black parity? Can we create a new American way of life, and subsequently transform the world?” -Henry McKoy, Ph.D\nInterested in Learning More? Click Here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line566295"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9307082891464233,"wiki_prob":0.9307082891464233,"text":"How Martin Luther King Inspired Nichelle Nichols to Stay on Star Trek\nAaron Savage Published: January 18, 2021\nWhen Star Trek debuted on television in 1966, it brought with it a new vision of the future and humanity's place in the universe.\nUnlike most sci-fi properties at the time, it wasn't just a show about zapping aliens and conquering the stars. It was about peaceful exploration for the sake of discovery and innovation, and about finding humane solutions to very real moral and ethical conundrums.\nSure those conundrums played out on cheesy cardboard sets that were supposed to be flashy spaceships or exotic planets, but the show was firmly rooted in the moral and political questions and crises of the time.\nHere on Earth, and in America in particular, people of color were uniting to battle systemic and cultural injustices and to demand the respect and basic dignity that should be afforded to every human being. It was a time when many people probably felt American society was tearing itself apart (sound familiar?), and Star Trek didn't shy away from issues of race and discrimination.\nBut it wasn't just the drama of episodes like \"Let That Be Your Last Battlefield\" that shined a spotlight on the absurdity of racism and how it can cost people their freedom and their lives. The mere presence of one Enterprise crew member in particular served as a way of normalizing the idea of not only women having an important role to play in humanity's future, but people of color as well.\nNichelle Nichols, who'd already made waves with her acting, modeling, and singing, was cast as Lieutenant Nyota Uhura, who served as a member of the Enterprise bridge crew. This was 1966, at a time when leaders of the Civil Rights movement were still being killed or were in constant danger simply for asking that they be afforded basic rights, and here was a Black woman not only serving on what was essentially a submarine crew in space, but acting as a respected senior officer. She was the ship's chief communications officer, as a matter of fact.\nRatings for the first season of Star Trek were respectable, but never great, and by the time Nichelle Nichols met Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. at an NAACP fundraiser, she was thinking of leaving the show to pursue opportunities on Broadway.\nDr. King asked to meet Nichols at the event because, as it turned out, he was a big fan of the show. According to Nichols, he said it was the only television program he allowed his children to stay up late and watch.\nWhen Nichols told Dr. King she planned to leave the show, he convinced her that what she was doing was of vital importance, and that she couldn't leave the Enterprise.\n\"He said, 'You cannot'\", Nichols recounts in the interview below. \"He said, 'Don't you understand what this man (Star Trek creator Gene Rodenberry) has achieved? For the first time on television, we will be seen as we should be seen every day - as intelligent, quality, beautiful people who can sing, dance, yes, but who can go into space, who can be lawyers, who can be teachers, who can be professors, who are in this day, and yet you don't see it on television until now.'\"\nDr. King said that Rodenberry and Nichols had opened a door for the world to see Black people, and that the door could be closed if she were to leave.\n\"Your role is not a Black role, and it's not a female role,\" King said. \"He can fill it with anything, including an alien.\"\nNichols had recently handed Gene Rodenberry her resignation. He'd told her to take the weekend to think about it, and when she returned Monday after her encounter with Dr. King, she took it back. Rodenberry, she says, was relieved to hear the story, because he felt that at last a prominent figure had realized what he was trying to achieve with Star Trek.\nThroughout history, humans have used the stories they share with one another as a way of not only depicting the world as it is, but how we think it ought to be. In our time, Star Trek has been doing that for decades.\nNichols' role in the show not only inspired other performers like LeVar Burton and Whoopie Goldberg (who both played beloved characters in Star Trek: The Next Generation), but real life space explorers as well. Nichols formed a group called Women in Motion, which worked with NASA to recruit women and people of color into the space program. Among those recruited under her watch were Sally Ride, the first American female astronaut, and Guion Bluford, the first African-American astronaut.\nThese days, Star Trek: Discovery features the most diverse crew in the franchise's history, with a woman of color serving as the central character. While that's definitely cause for celebration, it's always worth looking back at the woman who paved the way for that spirit of inclusion and representation and the great leader who encouraged her to stick with Trek at a time when that spirit mattered the most.\nLOOK: TV Locations in Every State\nFiled Under: Martin Luther King Jr, nichelle nichols, star trek","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line478724"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5826111435890198,"wiki_prob":0.5826111435890198,"text":"Buying Homeland Insecurity\nFri 7:08 am +00:00, 6 Oct 2017\nOctober 3, 2017 – 12:24pm — lindorff\nAmerica’s $50-plus billion annual boondoggle:\nThank god for the US Department of Homeland Security!\nThanks to its $40-billion annual budget, and Homeland Security laws like the PATRIOT Act that Congress passed quickly after the horrific attacks on Sept. 11, 2001 on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, we have not had a major terrorist attack in the US in the ensuing 16 years.\nOh, wait a minute. My bad.\nWe have had some major mass murders over the ensuing years, haven’t we, including some being officially labeled “acts of terrorism.”\nThere was the sniper shootings of 10 people in suburban Washington, DC back in 2002. There was the execution of 5 Amish schoolchildren in their one-room schoolhouse by a gunman in 2006. There followed the 32 students and faculty killed at the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007, the lone gunman who opened fire at an open-air meet-and-greet session hosted by Arizona Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords which killed six people and gravely wounded Rep. Giffords in 2011, the 12 killed in the Aurora, Colorado theater shooting in 2012, the Vietnamese immigrant who shot and killed 13 people in Binghamton, NY in 2009, the 20 grade-school kids and a teacher murdered in the Sandy Hook Elementary school shooting, also in 2012, and the Navy contractor and former sailor who killed 13 in a Washington, DC industrial complex, the murder of 9 people in their church in Charleston, SC in 2015, and now this latest killing of over 58 people in Las Vegas. I’m just naming the big ones here, or particularly outrageous one like those that focused on killing little kids.\nThank god not one of these horrible incidents was considered an act of terrorism!\nAmerica’s biggest mass killers in the past quarter century: one, a terrorist, killed 49; the other, not a terrorist, killed 59. $50 billion a year spent on ‘homeland security’ didn’t stop either one. Both used legally purchased assault rifles\nOf course there were some at least nominally terrorist mass killings too — the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, which killed three or four depending on whether you count the killing of a police office during the later manhunt part of the deal, the 2014 attack at Fort Hood by a deranged Army psychologist who slayed 13 people, the 2015 San Bernardino rec center attack which killed 14, and the 2016 murder of 49 at a disco in Orlando. But in most of these cases the link to organized terror was tenuous at best, and in the Orlando case in particular, which was touted at the time as the worst mass killing in modern US history (at least until this latest Las Vegas incident), the killer appears to have had no connection to ISIS and was probably just claiming a link in order to ensure that he would be killed by police, and not captured (he succeeded in that plan). We know these were acts of terrorism not just because the government calls them that, but because, well, they were committed by Muslims, which for the US government terrorism “experts” means it must be terrorism.\nThe few actual or supposed “terrorist’ attacks aside, what all these mass murders in the US not committed by Muslim terrorists have in common, along with many more that I did not list either because the number killed was less than 10, or because the cause was so mundane — worker laid off and went postal, family dispute, road rage or whatever — is that they were the work of lone usually deranged (and usually white) men using guns — and often guns designed for killing people.\nThe New York Times reports that since 2000, mass shootings and the deaths caused by mass shootings in the US have been on the rise, with the rise being especially sharp in the last six years ended in 2014 when the article was published (and when Homeland Security was supposedly fully staffed up and running like a finely oiled machine). And that rise has continued since over the next three years, especially with the help of this week’s epic Las Vegas slaughter.\nSo what has all that money spent on “homeland security” gotten us? What has the surrender of our right to private phone and internet conversation, our right to be left alone in our homes, our right not to be monitored in our travels, and our right not to have massive dossiers gathered on our lives, what has the militarization of our local police forces, and the training of cops to behave as occupiers and centurions instead of peace officers gotten us?\nAre we more safe now?\nActual terrorist attacks have occurred, or at least the government is calling them that, while most of the alleged planned terror attacks the FBI says it “foiled” have turned out to be the creations of FBI “informants” — that is, people paid and planted among unfortunate low0-wattage or psychologically vulnerable people the Bureau hoped to induce into attempting some act of terror that the FBI could then swoop in and bust up, then claiming to have saved the day. That means that for all its awesome invasive technology and its multi-billion-dollar assets and interlinked law enforcement personnel, and the simultaneous erosion of our supposedly Constitutionally protected freedoms, America’s Homeland Security Industrial Complex has been remarkably unable to prevent terrorism and mass deaths.\nAnd meanwhile, mass shootings — terrible even if they don’t get called terrorism because they are committed, for the most part, by American white men like Stephen Paddock— are becoming increasingly common and also increasingly deadly.\nTo me, it appears obvious that the War on Terror has been a spectacular bust — and not just the $40 billion a year spent on Homeland Security, but the $10 billion a year (at least) that we are told is spent on the National Security Agency, as well as a fair amount of what is spent on both the FBI the CIA, the National Security Council’s Office of Counterterrorism, and of course all the anti-terror budgets of state and local police.\nWhat is really making this country unsafe, let’s just face it, is the ready availability of really deadly firearms — let’s call them Guns of Mass Destruction (GMDs).\nThe only reason so many people died in Las Vegas is that wack-job Las Vegas mass killer Stephen Paddock was reportedly able to obtain and bring, unimpeded, into his hotel room, some 23 high-powered rapid-fire weapons, including at least one fully-automatic rifle capable of firing dozens of rounds per second, as well as tripod mounts to make them more accurate to shoot. (That’s in addition to some 19 more such weapons police found in his home and car, including, reportedly, explosives.)\nWhat’s nuts is that in some parts of this country, Nevada being one of them, guns, including military weapons, are so ubiquitous and so unregulated that the sight of someone checking into a hotel with enough deadly military weapons suitable for mass murder to fill several large golf bags wouldn’t raise an eyebrow. Heck, he probably asked at check-in for a bellhop to carry them for him. No doubt the hotel staff just figured the old duffer was headed for a gun show or was a salesman with product to show to gun dealers.\nHey, if the guy doesn’t look or dress like a Muslim, what’s to worry, right? Nice older white dude with a friendly southern accent? He should be okay.\nMaybe now that we have a case of a friendly-seeming older white guy mowing down good decent white folks attending a good-ol’ American country and western music concert, the pro-National Rifle Assn. crowd will start to re-evaluate their absolutist position on GMDs.\nMy suggestion would be not banning guns, an extremist idea which will never fly in this country and which isn’t even done in Europe, but at least registering every single weapon from its point of import, sale or manufacture until it ends up in private hands. I would make it illegal to transfer a gun to someone else without that transfer being registered with the government. I’d eliminate the gunshow loophole to registration too. I have little hope that such measures could be passed, though. There is too much political opportunism among Republicans in Congress who want that NRA money and the votes of the gun-toting yahoos of Middle America who think registration is akin to giving up their right vote (though they do want everyone to have to register to do that, suggesting that they see ballots as far more dangerous than bullets!).\nBut if we could at least limit our American-grown terrorists to single-round-per-trigger-pull weapons, and outlaw high-capacity clips that allow them to kill more than, say, five people without reloading, we’d all be a hell of a lot safer in America. At least more of us would be able to run out of a crowded area safely when an attack happens, and there’d be more opportunity for heroic types to tackle a guy who has to stop and reload all the time.\nAlso, keeping America safe wouldn’t cost us in excess of $50 billion a year for an army of spooks and federal investigators, or require the surrendering of our hard-won freedoms either, so more money could be made available for treating mental health problems. And I’m not even counting here the probably hundreds of billions a year in military spending that the public somehow accepts as being necessary to combat “terrorism.”\nWe should give it a try. It’s obvious that the Homeland Security/War on Terror approach has been a bust. It sure hasn’t provided security in the “homeland,” and, as the spread of ISIS and al Qaeda/al Nusra or whatever they’re calling themselves demonstrates, the “War” on terror has clearly been lost. (There’s another example of wasted treasure. With just a fraction of the trillion-plus dollars spent on the 16-year US war in Afghanistan to date, the US could have paid that country’s impoverished 10 million families, who eke by on an average of $400 a year, an income of $2500 a year back in 2001 for the next decade— enough to turn the country overnight into an economic powerhouse and its people from virtual serfs to a bustling middle class and into America’s BFFs.)\nWe’ll never be able to prevent the domestic American nut jobs who snap and decide they need to kill a lot of people or do enough damage to be killed by the police. But at least we could reduce the carnage they can do here at home if we made it a little harder and slower for them to cause their desired mayhem.\nSource: http://thiscantbehappening.net/node/3664?page=4","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line110774"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.536165714263916,"wiki_prob":0.536165714263916,"text":"Whoa, this sweater has a 1,000+ person waitlist. Here's why.\nSammy Nickalls Updated Oct 10, 2015 @ 3:01 pm\nSomewhere, in this big, giant world, exists a sweater. . . the sweater. The sweater that is worshipped by women everywhere for its beauty and intrigue. The sweater that has more than 1,000 people on its wait list. No, it’s not made of gold, nor does it change color to match your outfit perfectly, nor does it have a mind of its own. It’s just a perfectly ordinary, crew-neck sweater that’s just really, really darn cute.\nThe “.01 The Sweater” by Zady was introduced last fall as part of their The Essentials collection, and the Internet lost its mind. It sold out within 48 hours of the first two installments, according to Elle, and over 1,000 fans signed up on the waitlist. Costing $160, the sweater is all kinds of versatile — it is perfect for layering, but still can keep you warm if you decide to wear it all on its own. It’s not too tight, nor too loose, and can be thus worn in the office, out on the town, or as a cozy Netflix sweater.\nTBH, we get it — it DOES seem like the perfect layering sweater that’s simple, classy, and cute. Sweaters are in abundance in fall, but the *perfect* sweater is quite the holy grail indeed.\nAs you’d probably expect, it’s been sold out for some time. . . but guys, the .01 The Sweater is coming back. And soon! Tomorrow, October 11th, as a matter of fact, so you might want to set an alarm, because you can expect over a thousand people to jump on that sweater like it’s the end of the world. In fact, we can’t help but wonder if Zady has some extra tech people on their team for Sunday to make sure the site doesn’t crash from all the traffic.\nEither way, if you’ve been one of the thousand on the wait list or you just fell head-over-heels while reading this article, make sure to hit the site tomorrow and get it while you still can!\n(Image via Zady, Twitter)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line857225"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8464699983596802,"wiki_prob":0.8464699983596802,"text":"What will happen to the marine animals in Mexico City after ban?\nAlthough Mexico City has no outlet to the sea, it has long been home to marine mammals such as dolphins and sea lions. Until this month, parks like Six Flags offered shows and dolphin swim, but this will now be banned in the capital by two law reforms passed in the Legislative Assembly of the Federal District.\nThe amendment to the laws prohibits marine mammals from being used in shows or therapies with dolphins because of the proposal of Xavier López Adame, deputy of the Green Ecologist Party of Mexico, who said Six Flags should transfer four dolphins and five sea lions to other facilities in Quintana Roo and Baja California. “Dolphins are not owned by the company because they are wild animals, they are not like cows, permits are required to have such a species. It is the responsibility of the company to take care of it “, he said.\nMexico City bans dolphin shows\nAccording to the deputy, the dolphins of Six Flags belongs to the company Dolphin Discovery, which will have to transfer these nine animals to other dolphinariums. This is the only company that has the marine animals in Mexico City, so it will seek a legal exit, according to a company representative. “Our habitat in Mexico City has all the permits and authorizations that are required, so for the moment we have no position on what the assembly approved, our lawyers are evaluating the situation,” Dolphin Discovery reps stated via email.\nDolphin Discovery has 21 dolphinariums in various states of Mexico, including Quintana Roo and Baja California, where lawmakers considered optimal transfer of animals. “They have much better facilities for the simple reason that here […] in Quintana Roo and Baja California are in sea water pens,” Lopez says. The decision of the transfer, however, will be of the company under the supervision of the Federal Office of Environmental Protection in a period of three to six months.\nLast November, Profepa toured the Atlantis Water Park, closed to the public for a decade, but still with marine mammals under its care. Although they found that the facilities were suitable for three sea lions that lived there, they were transferred to Dolphin Discovery in Puerto Vallarta in February of this year. According to the communication of the unit , the water park handed them over to the authorities voluntarily.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line465611"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6358221769332886,"wiki_prob":0.3641778230667114,"text":"If the content here has enriched your life in some way, consider making a donation to help sustain the time and cost of publishing Made in Isolation. Thank you!\nMADE IN ISOLATION\nBeth Secor\n\"Art is a comfort ...\"\nRight now I mostly work in gouache on paper although in the past I have painted in oil and acrylic, and also made embroideries. I am working on a giant painting of a rabbit. It's one of a series of animals I either had as a kid, or was around during my childhood.\nHas your art making shifted in response to the pandemic? How?\nMy work hasn't really shifted much during the Coronavirus outbreak, however I have more time to paint, and it serves to calm me, as like everyone else, I feel pretty anxious.\nWhat is the role that art can play in helping us confront our new reality?\nI think it's nice for other people, as well as ourselves to see and to have something positive happening in our lives. I know a lot of people who don't normally make art or have time to make art, who are turning to it now. Art is a comfort, and it's healing, and a positive distraction.\nBeth Secor is an artist and a visual arts professor living in Houston. She has been making art since she first drew on her bedroom wall when she was two years old. See more of her work here.\n© 2022 by Made in Isolation","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1831879"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7862082123756409,"wiki_prob":0.7862082123756409,"text":"Defense Cuts Turn this Small Community into a \"Welfare Town\"\nCategories: Videos, DoD, Budget\nMany Americans may think of Washington, D.C. as the place where the majority of government employees work. In reality, more than 85% of federal workers live and work outside of the nation's capital. Those employees help power communities all across the country—like Fort Huachuca in Arizona.\nFort Huachuca and its neighboring city, Sierra Vista, have long worked together to build a thriving community. In fact, Sierra Vista's motto is \"a community, a commitment - we support the fort.\" The city prides itself on being home to active duty service members and the families that support them. Veterans who call Sierra Vista home take advantage of the good weather, numerous places to hike and a lively arts scene.\nA Community Partnership At Risk\nThe town's visitor guide says that \"the Fort and the community have accomplished a great deal and look forward to achieving even more in the future to guarantee the exceptional quality of community life that all who live here enjoy.\" The small-town charm is undeniable, but those happy days of a prosperous partnership may soon come to an end.\nThe Pentagon is planning to cut its workforce to meet the demands of a Congress focused on the draconian budget cuts known as sequestration.\n\"If sequestration continues and we start to plan for the 2020 budget cuts, there won’t be anything left here,\" said Katie Rasdall, AFGE Local 1662 President. \"It's devastating to me, it's such a beautiful place and it was such a tight-knit community and it's just getting smaller and smaller.\"\nWhile some cuts due to the drawdown of forces in Iraq and Afghanistan are understandable, the planned across-the-board cuts would undermine the Army’s ability to face future mission requirements. So far, Fort Huachuca has already lost 1,100 positions in the last year and a half.\nAFGE supports the bipartisan budget deal announced Oct. 26 that would suspend sequestration for the next two years and provide much-needed increases in military and domestic spending.\nLocal Family-Owned Businesses Face Up-Hill Battle\nThough the worst has yet to come, recent cutbacks have already set off a domino effect on all of the businesses and service providers who depend on the base and to make their own living.\n\"It's like every time I drive down there is another business going under there was a closed sign or a for sale sign out in front of it\" said Connie Smith, a 20-year-resident of the area. \"Everyone has a dream and for some people that's owning a restaurant, running a print stop - whatever it might be, that's what they want to do and a lot of them are military retirees. Well, if the town dies where are they going to go?\"\nUnless we do something to stop these cuts, communities all across America need to prepare for the worst. '\n\"We are not alone,\" said Rasdall. \"There are 27 other installations that could be facing what we're facing here.\"\nWhat can you do to stop sequestration once and for all?\nCall your lawmakers to tell them to end sequestration (Never use government resources or call your lawmakers on duty time).\nAsk your co-workers to join AFGE to grow our movement and fight these cuts.\nThe cuts, scheduled for 2016 and 2017, will mean the loss of 17,000 civilian jobs and 40,000 active duty troops — enough people to fill Madison Square Garden three times over. But it is just the beginning.\nAccording to the Army’s 2020 plan, sequestration would result in cutting another 30,000 soldiers and an even higher percentage of civilian employees, creating a recession that no local economy could survive.\nIt's unclear where the actual cuts will take place for civilian employees, because those figures have yet to be published. We do however have details where military personnel will be hit the hardest, and it doesn't take much imagination to anticipate the major civilian cuts that will likely follow.\nLocation Number of Personnel to be Cut Percentage of Total Personnel\nFort Benning -3,402 -29%\nFort Hood -3,350 -9%\nJoint Base Elmendorf-Richardson -2,631 -59%\nJoint Base Base Lewis-McChord -1,251 -5%\nFort Bliss -1,219 -5%\nContractors, Although More Expensive, Escape Major Cuts\nIt's almost a bad joke: the Pentagon claims to need to cut costs and close major installations, yet, of its three workforces— military, civilian and contractor personnel —the most expensive, contractors, has remained relatively unscathed.\n“If cutting expenses is the number one priority, then the first place DoD should target is the vast bureaucracy of contractor personnel who cost more than federal workers and are less accountable to taxpayers.”\n- AFGE National President J. David Cox\nRasdall and other members of AFGE Local 1662 continue to speak out and expose what the arbitrary cuts have done to their community. She hopes that the voices of Americans in other military communities can change the course of action when it comes to military installations like hers.\n\"This is a real eye opener for people to fight back and open their mouth to try and change what's going on,\" she said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line868741"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8964173793792725,"wiki_prob":0.8964173793792725,"text":"India: India’s biggest companies are moving away from big data and into real-time analytics\nIndia’s largest companies are making big strides towards real-timing their data analytics, with the country’s top 20 companies using technology to track sales, increase sales efficiency and drive more revenue, as per the latest survey of the industry.\nThe survey by market research firm IDC and the countrys top tech companies, including Flipkart, Snapdeal, GoPay, Uber and Ola, is the second of the year and includes the data of nearly 100,000 online consumers across 24 sectors, including commerce, IT, media, retail, healthcare and more.\nThe results, obtained by Business Line, show that online commerce is the biggest sector for which India’s top companies are now making use of the new tools.\nFlipkard is the top company in the online retail sector, which has seen its revenues rise from Rs 3,000 crore in 2016 to Rs 4,000 crores in 2017.\nWhile the total revenues of Snapdeal rose from Rs 5,000crores in 2016, it grew from Rs 2,500crores to Rs 3.8 lakhcrores during the past year.\nSnapdeal also saw a 30 per cent increase in revenue during 2017.\nThe top 20 Indian online companies using the data include Flipkarn, Snap, Ola and Omidyar Network.\nThe data also shows that online shopping has become the number one source of revenue for most of the companies in the top 20, with Flipkashart and Snapdeal taking the two biggest leads with Rs 1,000 and Rs 1 lakh, respectively.\nThe top 20 online shopping companies in India have a total revenue of Rs 4.1 lakhcrore, and revenues are growing by 30 per per cent and 30 per percent respectively in the past six months.\nFlipkyard was the number two online retail player in India, with revenues growing from Rs 1.6 lakh crore to Rs 2.8 crore in the last six months, and Olowyar had a 33 per cent jump in revenues during the same period.\nGoPay, meanwhile, is growing at the fastest rate in India with revenues rising by 40 per cent in the year to date, and the company is the number four player in the country with revenues increasing by over 40 per% in the same time period.\nThe company is also the biggest player in IT, with revenue growing by 33 per, and is now the number five player in health care, with a 36 per cent growth.\nUber, meanwhile saw its revenues increase by 27 per cent during the last year, while Ola’s revenues grew by 40 percent.\nThe Top 20 online retailers in India include Snapdeal (Rs 3,800 crore), Flipkall (Rs 1,900 crore), Snapdeal Paytm (Rs 800 crore), Ola (Rs 750 crore) and Omo (Rs 500 crore).\nThe top 10 online retailers globally are Amazon (Rs 9,300 crore), eBay (Rs 8,200 crore), Facebook (Rs 6,500 crore), Twitter (Rs 5,300 per share) and Pinterest (Rs 4,600 per share).\nHow do you keep up with all the latest news from the American news portal?\nWhy do some people still need to use a prescription for painkillers?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line611481"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5278892517089844,"wiki_prob":0.4721107482910156,"text":"Which music stores have a new HFT coupon database?\nHFT is a term used to describe a financial transaction that allows an individual or company to buy or sell a specific commodity at a higher or lower price than would otherwise be possible.\nThese transactions can be conducted online or at physical retail stores.\nA few months ago, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced it had launched a database to help consumers spot HFT scams and to help prevent consumers from losing valuable data in the process.\nBut now, it appears the FTC may be making some changes to the system in a bid to protect consumers.\nIn a recent report, the FTC noted that the HFT system may have created “significant” vulnerabilities in the data it holds about consumers.\nFor example, the system allows companies to track the number of times an individual has visited certain sites and the type of search term they used.\nIn the report, FTC Deputy Director Julie R. Naughton noted that HFT was not designed to provide any “financial incentive” for businesses to use the system.\nInstead, the “incentive is to help them maximize profits by making money from the HFA transaction.”\nFor example, if you purchase a CD for $30 on Amazon.com, Amazon may pay you a commission for the sale of the CD.\nHowever, if the CD is returned to Amazon.co.uk for a refund, the retailer will receive the CD back.\nIf the refund is made after the CD has been returned to the seller, Amazon.ca will pay a fee, which is usually between 0.1 and 0.3 percent.\nIf the return is made by a third party, the company will pay the buyer a commission of between 0 and 1.5 percent.\nIn some cases, the third party may also pay an administrative fee for processing the refund, although it is not clear how much.\nAccording to Naughson, the commission system allows HFT to make a profit.\nShe said, “The problem is that this system does not reward those who are most productive, so the incentive for those who can generate the most money goes to the companies that have the best algorithms.”\nThe FTC also noted that this incentive system does create “significant risks for consumers.”\nAccording to the FTC, HFTs could “inhibit the discovery of fraud or other misconduct by preventing them from learning about the use of this fraud protection scheme and potentially allowing them to circumvent the rules to commit fraud.”\nIn the case of a “corporate data breach,” a company could potentially be liable for up to $1 million in fines and a civil penalty of up to one percent of a company’s profits.\nThe FTC report did not address whether or not other states have begun to take steps to protect against HFT.\nHowever the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) announced last year that it is launching a data breach response program.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line884048"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5875211358070374,"wiki_prob":0.41247886419296265,"text":"An Essential for Every Pastor: Being a Man of the Word (Titus 1:9)\nDavid Huffstutler | September 21st, 2020 | 0 Comments\nTitus 1:6–9 is a key passage for determining who may or may not be a pastor in a church. Titus 1:6 describes how a pastor leads his family, and Titus 1:7–8 describes his character. Titus 1:7 lists five character traits that a pastor should not have, and Titus 1:8 lists six that he should. In the Greek, Titus 1:9 continues the sentence from Titus 1:7–8 and assumes the imperative verb “must” (dei) to give us a seventh positive requirement for the pastor: “He must hold firm to the trustworthy word as taught, so that he may be able to give instruction in sound doctrine and also to rebuke those who contradict it.”\nWe could generally sum of Titus 1:9 with this—a pastor must be a man of the word. More specifically, we could explain this verse with four statements.\nA pastor has been taught the trustworthy word.\nNew Testament Greek sometimes uses whole prepositional phrases to describe a noun. Literally put, a pastor must be “holding fast to the according-to-the-teaching trustworthy word.” So, when Titus 1:9 requires that a pastor hold fast to the word, it’s a word that is described in two ways. It is according to the teaching, and it is trustworthy. And if it is according to the teaching, the pastor himself has been taught this word so as to be able to hold fast to it and teach it himself. Churches and their pastors should teach men who are able to teach. Bible colleges, seminaries, and institutes can aid this teaching, but however it is done, a pastor is someone who has been taught the trustworthy word.\nThe phrase “the trustworthy word” uses the same Greek words (pistos, logos) that Paul uses in the Pastoral Epistles when he says “This saying is trustworthy” (1 Timothy 1:15; 3:1; 4:9; 2 Timothy 2:11; Titus 3:8). These “sayings” always refer to a summary statement about the gospel or to a statement about the one who proclaims it. These passages show us that the “trustworthy word” is the gospel that leads sinners to salvation in Christ and to subsequent life of godliness.\nSimilarly, Paul commends Timothy as a “good servant of Christ Jesus” for teaching the brothers in that which he had been trained, “the words of the faith,” a phrase which uses these words again (1 Timothy 4:6). Timothy was an example of someone who preached the trustworthy word because he was trained to do so. Like Timothy, pastors must know this trustworthy word inside and out and all of its related doctrines as best they can. A pastor is someone who has been taught the trustworthy word.\nA pastor holds firm to the trustworthy word.\n“Hold firm” is technically a participle, an “-ing” kind of word in the English. Mentioned earlier, the main verb of Titus 1:7–9 is “must,” so the pastor “must” be “holding firm.” This same verb (antechō) is used to describe one being “devoted” to a master (Matthew 6:24; Luke 16:13) and how we should “help” the weak (1 Thessalonians 5:14). It literally means to “hold against” one’s self whatever the object may be. As Titus 1:9 demands, a pastor must firmly hold the trustworthy word to himself. By doing so, he will save himself and his hearers (cf. 1 Timothy 4:15–16).\nA pastor instructs in sound doctrine.\nTo fully understand this point and the next, we should note that a pastor will not be “able” (dunatos) to instruct in sound doctrine or rebuke those who contradict unless he first holds firm the trustworthy word. The two small words “so that” indicate that one action leads to two others—the pastor holds firm the trustworthy word “so that he may be able” to “give instruction” and “rebuke.” A pastor cannot instruct something that eludes his grasp, let alone know how to rebuke someone who is contradicting.\nThe translation “give instruction” is an interesting choice for the ESV since it is the only one of 109 instances of parakaleō to be translated this way. To be fair, parakaleō has a range of translations, shaped by context, varying quite a bit—comfort, urge, beg, invite, ask, appeal, exhort, entreat, plead, and encourage. So, when the action of parakaleō involves “sound doctrine,” it would mean at the least to “give instruction,” but these other choices are not far behind. “Sound doctrine” comes from the Lord Jesus Christ (1 Timothy 6:3), “follows… the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus” (2 Timothy 1:13), and thus “accords with godliness” (1 Timothy 6:3). It opposes sin (1 Timothy 1:10; cf. 1:9–10), rebukes sinners (Titus 1:13), and cannot be endured by those who are ruled by their passions (2 Timothy 4:3). Thus, sound doctrine must be instructed and exhorted, and those who hear it should be urged, invited, and asked to submit thereto.\nA pastor rebukes those who contradict sound doctrine.\nA pastor who is taught, holds firm, and instructs the word of God will be opposed by unbelievers. In Titus’s context, some of these unbelievers professed to know God, upset families in the churches, used the church for personal gain, and needed to be silenced through rebuke (Titus 1:10–16; cf. 1:9, 13). Titus was to do so “with all authority” (Titus 2:15) and avoid those who persisted in strife (Titus 3:10–11; cf. Romans 16:17–18; 2 John 10–11). Titus was to name the sinner and the sin, just as John the Baptist did with Herod for his unlawful marriage “and for all the evil things that Herod had done” (Luke 3:19).\nTitus 1:9 is just one verse, but it teaches much about how a pastor is to be a man of the word. A pastor must have been taught the word, hold firm thereto, and instruct others in sound doctrine. When opposed, the pastor must rebuke those who contradict. May God help all of us as pastors and Christian leaders to live according to Titus 1:9.\nAbout David Huffstutler\nDavid pastors First Baptist Church in Rockford, IL, serves as a chaplain for his local police department, and teaches as adjunct faculty at Bob Jones University. David holds a Ph. D. in Applied Theology from Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary. His concentration in Christian Leadership focuses his contributions to pastoral and practical theology.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line718563"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7684110999107361,"wiki_prob":0.7684110999107361,"text":"House of Bribes: How the United States Led the Way to a Nuclear Iran\nPosted on October 3, 2015 by Baron Bodissey\nEarlier this year the Qatar Awareness Campaign produced an extensive report on the Islamic infiltration of American public life, The Betrayal Papers (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, and Part 6). The New Coalition of Concerned Citizens is an outgrowth of that earlier project. Its latest report investigates the corrupt process by which the American nuclear deal with Iran was put together. The authors deserve our gratitude for going public with their important research.\n“I think that the American companies will be welcomed in Iran… This is not a game for junior companies, and I call juniors anything below a billion-dollar market cap. This is a big-money game.”\n— An American Portfolio Manager, July 2015\nThe Iranian nuclear deal is a full capitulation to Iran’s terrorist mastermind Mullahs, and the latest in a series of betrayals of the American people and allies by the Obama administration. At the highest level of the administration, Barack Obama’s Senior Advisor, the Iranian-born Valerie Jarrett, prioritized rapprochement with the terror state. Throughout the process and negotiations, she had the backing of billionaire investor (and Obama-backer) George Soros, and his multi-headed network of tax-exempt foundations. Their efforts were driven by deep-rooted anti-Semitism and personal greed. Meanwhile, since the mid-1990s, a small but very connected Iranian lobby (funded, in part, by George Soros) has been laying the groundwork for normalizing relations with Tehran. Operating through a variety of non-governmental organizations and political action committees, the lobby courted Democrat and Republican politicians. With the election of (Soros-backed) Obama in 2008, the Iranian lobby had very receptive ears in the White House. International business interests were courted and effectively bribed with access to Iranian markets, until finally the deal was realized, approved, and sealed by a vote of the United Nations Security Council.\nThus far, the reports and exposés issued by the New Coalition of Concerned Citizens have focused on the threat posed by Islamists to American sovereignty. The Qatar Awareness Campaign brought to light extensive influence network of the State of Qatar and their ruling al-Thani family. The Betrayal Papers explained the Muslim Brotherhood’s domination of the Obama administration’s agenda and policies, foreign and domestic.\nThis report will detail the sinister influence of the small, yet well-connected and very powerful, Iran lobby. Though the Iran lobby’s highest level contacts are prominent Democrats, their reach spans both major political parties. Like previous exposés, this investigation will mention familiar names, including George Soros, Valerie Jarrett, and the United Nations.\nIran is widely regarded by counterterrorism experts as the heart of Islamic radicalism, and the point of origin for terrorism with a specific geopolitical agenda (i.e., the creation of an Islamic Caliphate, much like the Islamic State, but dominated by Shiites, not Sunnis). With the eager embrace of a legacy-hungry Obama administration, the Iran lobby managed to achieve a deal which makes the United States the de facto most powerful backer of Islamic terrorism in the world.\nSince its 1979 Islamic revolution, Iran has been the epicenter of Islamic terrorism throughout the region and the world. Immediately following Ayatollah Khomeini’s return to Tehran from France and ascension to power, Iran took American hostages at the embassy in Tehran. In 1983, Iranian terror proxy Hezbollah bombed the Marine barracks in Beirut, killing 307, including 241 American servicemen. In 1994, Iran’s proxy Hezbollah bombed a Jewish center in Buenos Aires, killing 85 and wounding more than 300. Sponsors of both Hamas and Hezbollah, a New York court found that Iran materially supported and directed Al Qaeda in the 9/11 attacks.\nIn the decades since the Islamic Republic came into existence, Tehran has proved eager to embrace terror, partnering with various factions around the world. Iran’s Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, translated the work of the Muslim Brotherhood’s leading author and theorist, Sayyid Qutb, into Persian, proving that Sunnis (Muslim Brotherhood, Hamas, Al Qaeda, etc.) and Shiites (Iran, Hezbollah) will gladly cooperate in terrorizing the West.\nToday, Iran’s presence in Latin America is also strong. In countries such as Venezuela, Mexico, Peru, and Argentina, Iranian-backed Islamic terror cells work hand-in-hand with drug cartels. The tri-border region between Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil is Hezbollah’s main hub in South America. Terrorists, cartels, and organized crime “move liquor electronic goods, cocaine, refugees, even babies” across the region’s three frontiers. Following the 1992 and 1994 bombings in Buenos Aires, western intelligence tracked Islamic terrorist activity to the tri-border region. Today, although intelligence continues to operate in the area, the criminal activity is so rampant that local authorities rarely interfere.\nPartnering with South American cartels and organized crime provides a revenue source for terror, while increasing Iran’s strategic footprint in our southern hemisphere. It also highlights a unique problem related to the non-enforcement of security on America’s southern border.\nThe Trailblazers: Namazi & Nemazee\nThe Iran lobby of today appears to have its origins in the work of two individuals. One of those individuals is Baquer Namazi, who heads a central and critical Iranian non-governmental organization (NGO). Namazi’s son, Siamak, co-founded the National Iranian-American Council (NIAC) with Trita Parsi, who was a consultant to Republican Congressman Bob Ney of Ohio.\nThe other individual is Hassan Namazee, who was a major political fundraiser, especially (but not exclusively) for Democrats. He is now serving a prison sentence after admitting guilt in committing bank fraud.\nBaquer Namazi and Hamyaran — Corruption and Influence through NGOs and the United Nations\nIn 1998, elements within the Iranian government, Iranian NGO community, and international organizations (including the United Nations) formed the NGO Hamyaran. It was conceived as, and operates as, an “umbrella” NGO for all other Iranian state-connected NGOs.\nAs one source explains:\nIn addition to monitoring and controlling the Iran’s NGOs, Hamyaran is charged with channeling all contacts and relations of the NGOs with the international organizations and the UN. Under the supervision of the government, Hamyaran is also charged with creating communication channels with the Iranians living in the US.\nIn a word, Hamyaran is Tehran’s organization to police and propagate the pro-Iranian (and thus pro-Mullah) message within the United States, and more broadly to the West. It does this under the auspices of the United Nations.\nSince Hamyaran’s founding in 1998 by Dr. Hossein Malek-Afzali, a high ranking Iranian government official who at one time served in President Ahmadinejad’s cabinet, the NGO has been co-led by Malek Afzali and Baquer Namazi.\nLike Malek-Afzali, Baquer Namazi is closely tied to the government in Tehran. Baquer was previously the governor of the province of Khuzestan, in addition to holding multiple other high level positions in the government. He has also held positions with the United Nations, including being a Member of the Advisory Panel of U.N. Center for Regional Development, Nagoya.\nNamazi’s son, Siamak, founded the International Association of Iranian Managers (I-AIM). The organization is dedicated to recruiting high-powered “Iranian elites” in the United States.\nSiamak’s partner in I-AIM, Ali Mostashari, was a strategic advisor to the Assistant Secretary General and Director of the Regional Bureau for Africa at the United Nations Development Program. He has been accused by reporters of directing U.N. funds into Iran for his own benefit and the benefit of the ruling Mullahs.\nSiamak Namazi, with Republican consultant Trita Parsi, founded the National Iranian-American Council. It is arguably the primary lobbying arm of Tehran in Washington, D.C.\nLike many of the Obama administration’s other scandals, it is clear from the facts above that the United Nations was used to supersede American law and sovereignty. Furthermore, in keeping with the trends of Obama scandals, several tax-exempt NGOs were central to the plan. This points to an inept, if not complicit, I.R.S.\nHassan Nemazee & Iranian- American PAC (IAPAC): Democrat Fundraiser Extraordinaire\nIf Baquer Namazi, his son Siamak, and their associates cemented the relationship between the Iran lobby and United Nations, Hassan Nemazee[1] was the Iran lobby’s man in the Democrat Party. Before admitting to bank fraud in 2010, Nemazee was a star fundraiser for top Democrats.\nIn 2008, Nemazee served as one of Hillary Clinton’s national fundraising chairmen when she was running against Barack Obama in the Democrat primary.\nNemazee was eventually credited by the Obama campaign with helping raise $500,000, following Clinton’s defeat in the primary. He donated an additional $50,000 to Obama’s inauguration committee.\nAlso in 2008, Nemazee donated $9,200 to Biden for President Inc.\nIn 2007, Senator Chuck Schumer (D-NY) was the featured guest speaker at IAPAC’s annual New York City reception.\nIn 2006, Senator Chuck Schumer asked Nemazee to serve as finance chairman for the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee. Nemazee raised $119 million, helping to retake the Senate for Democrats and installing Harry Reid as Senate Majority Leader.\nIn 2004, Nemazee raised $500,000 for Democrat nominee (and current Secretary of State) John Kerry. Kerry, of course, was the lynchpin in securing the Iranian nuclear deal.\nIn 2000, Nemazee donated $50,000 to the Gore-Lieberman Recount Committee.\nHassan Nemazee (right) with Terry McAuliffe\nYet Nemazee’s influence was not limited exclusively to the Democrat Party, and neither is the Iran lobby’s influence in general. He and his partner, Alan Quasha had a history of giving to Republicans, too.\nBefore joining with the Clintons, Nemazee gave to Republican senators, including: Jesse Helms (R-NC), Sam Brownback (R-KS), and Alfonse D’Amato (R-NY).\nNemazee was represented in his fraud case by attorney Marc Mukasey, son of former Attorney General Michael Mukasey, who was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2007.\nIn the 1980s, Namazee’s business partner, Alan Quasha, provided George W. Bush a spot on the board of his oil company, Harken Energy.\nQuasha is a decidedly bipartisan donor: he gave to Bush and Gore in 2000, to Mitt Romney and Rudy Giuliani, and Barack Obama and Chris Dodd in 2008.\nHassan Nemazee was on the board of the Iranian-American Political Action Committee (IAPAC) until 2009. Public disclosures of IAPAC highlight the bi-partisan nature of their enterprise; from 2008-2014, it gave significantly to Republicans and Democrats.\n» 2014 Total Spent: $87,668 Democrats: 63% Republicans: 37%\n» 2008 Total Spent: $395,852 Democrats: 52% Republicans: 48%\nSource: OpenSecrets.org\n(See here for more information related to IAPAC campaign contributions; also available on a per-candidate basis. A full list of IAPAC endorsed candidates can be found on their website, here.)\nNote that the greatest sum of money was spent by IAPAC in 2008, the year that Barack Hussein Obama was elected to the Presidency. He brought with him his Iranian-born advisor, Valerie Jarrett.\nNational Iranian-American Council (NIAC)\nThe Iranian lobby that convinced Washington to thaw relations with the world’s most prolific state sponsor of terror evolved out of the work of Baquer Namazi and Hassan Nemazee, as well as the guiding hand and money of George Soros.\nThe National Iranian-American Council (NIAC) is the primary conduit for Tehran’s lobby efforts in Washington, D.C. NIAC managed to pressure the U.S. government to subordinate international security and stability to narrow corporate interests, access Iranian markets, and the revenues that it can potentially provide.\nLet’s take a closer look at one of NIAC’s co-founders, Siamak Namazi.\nSiamak Namazi — Background Information\nSon of Baquer Namazi. Family is close to Iranian regime; in particular, they are a core part of the (former president) Rafsanjani faction within Iran.\nCo-founder of NIAC with Trita Parsi.\nWorks for family company, the Iranian-based consultancy called Atieh Bahar Consulting (AB). The consultancy serves as a facilitator for outside business interests looking to enter the Iranian market. It does so by brokering relationships with key officials and Iranian powerbrokers.\nCurrently the Head of Strategic Planning at the United Arab Emirates Crescent Petroleum. Gulftainer, which, like Crescent Petroleum, is owned by the Crescent Group, recently acquired a long-term lease of Port Canaveral for container operations. It is in the immediate vicinity of a nuclear sub pen, a USAF base, and NASA.\nThe Namazi family business, Atieh Bahar Consulting, depends on foreign business interest in Iran to generate revenues. Their work is done with the blessing of Tehran, and thus they are in good graces with the Islamic Republic and its ruling Mullahs.\nFollowing first President Clinton’s sanctions on Iran, and then the nuclear issue, American business was blocked from entering the Iranian market. Siamak needed a way to circumvent Clinton’s sanctions. He found an academic partner in Trita Parsi, who also brought his critical experience as a Washington-based political consultant.\nSiamak Namazi\nIn 2002, Siamak Namazi, son of Baquer, co-founded the National Iranian-American Council (NIAC).\nHis partner in this new enterprise was Trita Parsi, an Iranian Swede, then employed as a political consultant to Congressman Robert Ney (R-OH). (Note: In 2006, Ney pled guilty to corruption charges related to the lobbyist Jack Abramoff, and served 17 months in prison.)\nBeginning in 1997, Parsi systematically convinced Ney to lobby for the normalization of Iranian diplomatic and economic relations. He did this through his original organization, Iranians for International Cooperation (IIC).\nIn the words taken from a document prepared by Parsi himself:\n“The first achievement of IIC can be traced back to the summer of 1997 when Trita Parsi worked as a political consultant for Congressman Robert Ney of Ohio. Congressman Ney was at the time a proponent of the US’s isolation policy of Iran and had contacts with the Mujahedine Khalq terrorist organization. Mr. Parsi was hired to consult the Ohio Congressman on his policy vis-à-vis Iran, and persuade him to reconsider his position in favor of a pro-dialogue, pro-engagement policy.”\nLike Hamyaran, which is at the center of the Iranian NGO web, NIAC is at the center of the Iran lobby’s web. It serves as a magnet for Iranian Americans who are sympathetic to Tehran, and in many cases have a financial interest in normalizing relations.\nNIAC’s Influence in the United States\nNIAC has approximately 5,000 dues paying members, and access to tens of thousands of additional fellow travelers. The below profiles some of NIAC’s most accomplished associates.\nTrita Parsi — In addition to the information above, Trita Parsi has courted the leading presidential advisors, Republican and Democrat, including those to George W. Bush and Barack Hussein Obama. In 2003, Trita had Congressman Ney present a “grand bargain” to Karl Rove from the Iranian government. Parsi is a practical VIP in the Obama White House, reportedly consulting with Valerie Jarrett and advising both the State Department and the CIA.\nReza Marashi — A former employee of AB Consulting, Marashi found employment with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at the National Defense University, which functions as a think tank for the Pentagon. Later he worked for the Office of Iranian Affairs at the U.S. Department of State “as a desk officer overseeing Iran democracy and human-rights programs.”\nSahar Nowrouzzadeh — A top advisor to Obama on Iran policy, Nowrouzzadeh is National Security Council director for Iran at the White House. Prior to this position, she worked at the State Department and Department of Defense.\nOf course, NIAC propagandists like Marashi and Nowrouzzadeh had a more than friendly audience in the Obama administration: they had a White House willing to finish their work for them. The whole history of the administration showcases Obama’s and Valerie Jarrett’s infatuation with Iran.\nPrior to the 2008 election, the Obama team dispatched former ambassador William G. Miller to Iran, informing the Mullahs that they would get a better deal once Obama was in office.\nObama ignored the revolutionary Green Movement in 2009, and let the Iranian government kill and imprison the reform-minded protestors.\nHillary Clinton, Secretary of State at the time of the Green Movement’s uprising, was advised by Trita Parsi not to support the protesters.\nJohn Kerry’s son-in-law’s best man at his daughter’s wedding is the son of Iranian Foreign Minister Javad Zarif, the Iranian’s main negotiator in nuclear talks.\nMinutes from a 2007 NIAC Board of Directors meeting make it clear that NIAC was in contact with and supportive of Hassan Nemazee’s lobbying efforts. From the minutes:\n“Goli Ameri initiative and the creation of PAAIA with Hassan Nemazee and others… Trita mentioned key Silicon Valley’s IA’s as having contributed… and expressed admiration for Goli Ameri’s fundraising ability… Kami wondered whether we could ask PAAIA to join us in the ‘stop the war’ cause.”\nFinally, as if it was written in the stars that the Obama administration would usher in an Iranian nuclear regime, Valerie Jarret was born in Shiraz, Iran, in a hospital named after Hassan Nemazee’s father.\nTrita Parsi\nNIAC Action — NIAC’s New Political Action Committee\nIn the opening weeks of the controversy over the Iranian nuclear deal this year, NIAC launched its own political action committee. A 501(c)(4) organization (i.e., tax exempt), NIAC Action “aims to direct money from the Iranian-American community, which is relatively well-off compared to other immigrant groups, toward more concerted political activism.”\nFrom his earliest days as a pro-Iranian activist, Trita Parsi was deeply impressed by the American-Israeli Political Action Committee (AIPAC). Perhaps the clearest indication of the pro-Iranian lobbyists’ awe of the Israeli lobby was the name chosen to be AIPAC’s Iranian counterpart — IAPAC (mentioned above).\nNIAC Action is “explicitly meant to counter the influence of AIPAC.” Minutes from the 2007 NIAC Board of Directors meeting convey NIAC’s near obsession with the Israeli lobby:\n“Trita clarified the fact that AIPAC does not debate — they are all-action and only move forward with their clear agenda. Alex raised the fact that AIPAC is successful in some measure because they operate ‘under the radar’ and employ the axiom ‘don’t do it publicly.’ ‘A lobby is a night flower’ quote was mentioned by Trita as another example of how to lobby effectively.”\nIndeed, the origins and thinking of the Iran lobby have been anti-Israel, and anti-American, from the outset.\nThe Open (Iranian) Society of George Soros\nBillionaire investor and political manipulator George Soros played a significant role in shaping and funding the Iranian lobby. As in the Arab Spring, Soros deliberately sided with the most extreme elements in Iran, who, like the Muslim Brotherhood, also happen to be the most anti-Semitic.\nSoros, whose wealth from investing and hedge fund management exceeds $20 billion, has used his political influence to affect political “change” in multiple countries. For example, in Ukraine, he has funded NGOs going back to the Cold War. In Egypt, he was instrumental in ousting long-time American ally Hosni Mubarak, and beginning the so-called Arab Spring.\nLikewise, Soros has funded, and supported otherwise, various organizations that have been influential in opening Iran to the West.\nIn 2006, the National-Iranian American Council (NIAC), led by Trita Parsi, received $50,000 from Soros’s Open Society Institute.\nIn 2009, NIAC received $125,000 from the Open Society Institute, and an additional $25,000 from its foundation, the Foundation to Promote Open Society.\nMinutes from a 2007 NIAC Board of Directors meeting indicate that Parsi spent a weekend strategizing with Steve Clemons (spelled “Clemence” in linked document) of the Soros-funded New America Foundation. They discussed how to counter the $75 million that the U.S. government had allocated to support regime change in Iran.\nNIAC hosted Ambassador Thomas Pickering to lead a panel discussion on “finding the nuclear fix,” a reference to Iran’s standoff with the West. Not only is Pickering a trustee at Soros’ International Crisis Group, but he helped cover up the Benghazi scandal, and has ties to the Council on American-Islamic Relations (a Muslim Brotherhood front organization).\nIn June 2015, Pickering argued on NPR that the Iranian nuclear deal was good policy.\nSoros and the National Endowment for Democracy\nMoreover, the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) is known to be closely associated with George Soros. It also funded NIAC.\nIn 2012, documents released by a Malaysian press outfit detailed receiving grants from the National Endowment for Democracy. Evidencing the corruption that Soros money brings to media, a former news editor of the outfit had resigned a decade earlier because of the NED’s relationship with Soros.\nSimilarly, NED’s connection to Soros and various “color revolutions,” which have occurred since 2000 (e.g., Georgia’s 2003 Rose Revolution and Ukraine’s 2004 Orange Revolution), caused Russia to ban the NED this summer.\nNED is technically a private institution that receives an annual appropriation from the U.S. Congress through the State Department. Many speculate it is also funded privately by Soros.\nIn 2002, shortly after NIAC was formed by Trita Parsi and Siamak Namazi, the National Endowment for Democracy expedited an application for grant money to NIAC.\nNIAC is estimated to have received approximately $200,000 in grants from the NED.\nNIAC’s spent the NED grant money on sending two NIAC members to work with Baquer Namazi’s Hamyaran, the Iranian government’s umbrella NGO. Allegedly NIAC was teaching Hamyaran to use “computer based digital media.”\nThe Ploughshares Fund\nThe Ploughshares Fund, an international charity, characterizes itself as “a global security foundation. [Ploughshares] support[s] experts and advocates who implement smart strategies to secure a more peaceful world, including one free of nuclear weapons.”\nThe Ploughshares Fund describes the Iranian nuclear deal as “a major advance for global security.” Joe Cirincione, its president, is quoted as saying on July 14, 2015:\n“This is a very good deal. It is a major victory for American national security. We have a once-in-a-lifetime chance to stop Iran from building a nuclear bomb, without putting a single U.S. soldier in harm’s way.”\nThe Ploughshares Fund, besides being a strong proponent of the Iranian nuclear deal, is a Soros-funded operation, with several key connections to American policy makers, and NIAC.\nFormer Secretary of Defense under Obama, Chuck Hagel (a Republican), was on the Board of the Ploughshares Fund when nominated by Obama. (He joined Ploughshares in 2009.) Ploughshares applauded his nomination to Secretary of Defense.\nOne of the primary advocates of the Iranian nuclear deal for the Obama administration is Robert Creamer. The Wall Street Journal reviewed a transcript of a conference call hosted by Ploughshares, which quoted Creamer as saying: “The other side will go crazy. We have to be really clear that it’s a good deal.”\nAccording to Aaron Klein at WND, “a primary Ploughshares donor is the Tides Foundation, a money tunnel in which leftist donors provide funds to finance other radical groups. Tides is itself funded by Soros.”\nOne of Ploughshares other benefactors is Soros’s Open Society Institute.\nThe Ploughshares Fund has partnered with other Soros-funded and anti-Israel groups including Code Pink, the Institute for Policy Studies, and the U.S. Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation.\nFormer CIA covert officer Valerie Plame, who accused President George W. Bush of outing her in an attempt to intimidate, was hired by Ploughshares Fund in September 2015. In fact, it was Undersecretary of State, Richard Armitage, who, while serving under Colin Powell, “outed” Plame. The manufactured scandal was used to smear and discredit President Bush, who, at the time, was trying to counter Iran’s influence in Iraq.\nPowell has come out in support of the Iranian nuclear deal: his support is touted by Ploughshares.\nFinally, a recent attack piece on one of the deal’s critics provides additional evidence of Soros’s determination to seal the deal. Media Matters, a Soros-funded operation, published a weak retort to an exposé in The Daily Beast. Among other claims, it attempts to dismiss the overwhelmingly obvious connection between the Namazis and NIAC.\nOn more than one occasion (see here and here), Soros has used his relationship with the American government for his own financial benefit. Opening Iran, with the world’s second largest natural gas reserves and fourth largest oil reserves, could prove a windfall for businesses with the right political connections.\nIs it Soros’s greed that caused him to support this deal? Is it his anti-Semitism? Perhaps, most likely, it is the twisted intersection of both.\nMartin Indyk: The Soros-linked, Foreign-funded Salesman for the Iranian Deal\nAmbassador Martin Indyk has served as U.S. Ambassador to Israel twice (April 1995 to September 1997 and January 2000 to July 2001), appointed both times by President Bill Clinton. In July 2013, when Indyk was at the Brookings Institution, Obama appointed Indyk to be Washington’s special Middle East envoy for the Israeli-Palestinian peace talks. Indyk has been a vocal critic of Israel — to the point of being insulting — and one of the strongest voices in favor of the Iranian nuclear deal.\nIndyk is the Executive Vice President at the Brookings Institution and a founding director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings (located in Doha, Qatar).\nThe President of the Brookings Institution is Strobe Talbott, a friend and advisor of George Soros who has interviewed him on the War on Terror.\nIn September 2014, The New York Times ran a story about the influence of foreign governments on American think tanks. The Brookings Institution was one of their focuses.\nIn March 2013, Indyk was a panelist at the Soros-funded Center for American Progress. The topic of the discussion was U.S. policy in the Middle East.\nIn 2013, while Indyk was serving as Obama’s special envoy, the Brookings Institution accepted a $14.8 million check from the State of Qatar, a known backer of Hamas in Gaza.\nIndyk has a history of degrading and insulting comments directed at Israel. He has used the analogy of the United States as a “circus master” who “crack[s] the whip” and gets Israel and other countries in the Middle East to “move around in an orderly fashion.”\nHe has also justified terrorist violence against Israelis, calling it “a plausible safety valve” through which Palestinians can “vent their anger.”\nOn the topic of the Iran nuclear deal, Indyk has written a pro-deal position paper for Brookings, the most influential think tank in Washington, D.C., (Parts One and Two). Calling for collaboration with the terror state as a means to avoid war, Indyk writes, “Without an agreement, it is impossible to imagine cooperation with Iran on regional issues… With an agreement, collaboration… becomes possible.”\nAmbassador Martin Indyk with John Kerry\nThe folly of engaging a soon-to-be nuclear terror state notwithstanding, Indyk proved that he was completely uninterested in the Israeli perspective (which is driven by self-preservation) through an interchange with the former Israeli Ambassador to the United States, Michael Oren. Following the release of Oren’s book, in which he criticized the Obama administration, Indyk penned a critical review for Foreign Affairs. He then verbally sparred with Oren on CNN. Throughout, there is little indication that Israeli and regional (e.g., Jordanian, Saudi Arabian, Egyptian) security concerns figure into Ambassador Indyk’s thinking.\nValerie Jarrett — The Puppetmaster\nPresident Obama’s Senior Advisor is the Iranian-born Valerie Jarrett. It was Jarrett who, when working for Mayor Richard Daley in Chicago, first introduced a young Michelle Robinson to Barack Obama. Ever since then, her influence over the first couple is legendary. Likely as a result of this domineering influence, other Presidential advisors do not trust Jarrett, nor appreciate her voice in Obama’s ear. In the words of one former administration official, other presidential advisors “think she’s a spy.”\nReinforcing this view of Jarrett, Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-UT), says in regard to Jarrett “She seems to have her tentacles into every issue and every topic… Her name ultimately always comes up.”\nThe Iranian deal is no exception to the rule:\nIn 2012, news broke that Valerie Jarrett had been acting personally as an emissary to Iran. According to the Israeli newspaper Yediot Ahronot, Jarrett held meetings with Iranian officials in Bahrain over a period of several months.\nA month prior to the report in Yediot Ahronot, an unnamed source reported that negotiations between Iran and the United States had occurred in Doha, Qatar. (Note: Doha is the home of the Muslim Brotherhood’s spiritual leader, Yusuf al-Qaradawi. It is also where the Taliban opened an embassy in 2013.) In hindsight, it is very likely Jarrett was the American representative at these talks.\nFormer Secretary of Defense, Robert Gates, wrote in his memoir that Jarrett (as well as other advisors such as David Axelrod and Robert Gibbs) “[has] a role in national security decision making that I had not previously experienced.”\nJarrett has earned the menacing nickname “Night Stalker” because of her exclusive, regular visits to the White House’s private residence after dark.\nMaj. Gen. Paul E. Vallely (Ret.) believes that Valerie Jarrett is responsible for the purge of top-level military commanders over the last several years.\nJarrett comes from a family of spies, subversives, and aspirational totalitarians. The FBI had a lengthy file on Jarrett’s father, James Bowman, because he was a Big “C” Communist. Bowman, for example, was in communication with the paid Soviet agent, Alfred Stern.\nJarrett’s grandmother, Dorothy Taylor, was an early activist with Planned Parenthood. Planned Parenthood’s founder was eugenicist Margaret Sanger, who published in her magazine Birth Control an article submitted by Ernst Rüdin, founder of the Nazi Society for Racial Hygiene. The pseudo-science of “racial hygiene” was the Third Reich’s way of justifying their policy of exterminating “undesirables” — the Holocaust — including Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, homosexuals, etc. (More on Jarrett’s family available here.)\nWho is really pulling the strings?\nThe elusive and mysterious Jarrett, dubbed by The New Republic as “The Obama Whisperer,” undoubtedly found a willing partner in George Soros to help realize her dream of normalizing relations with Iran, thus paving the way for Iran to acquire nuclear weapons. Soros has provided the financial and organizational means to Jarrett, who controls the President of the United States of America. Together, the two of them leveraged the Iranian lobby as a counterweight against Israel. Throughout the ordeal, Jarrett’s puppet responded expertly as his strings were pulled.\nIn the haunting words of Jarrett herself, regarding Obama, “We have kind of a mind meld… And chances are, what he wants to do is what I’d want to do.“\nOr else….?\nComplicity of the GOP\nAlthough the preponderance of the responsibility for the Iranian nuclear deal rests with the progressive left, especially with Barack Obama, Valerie Jarrett, and George Soros, it behooves recounting the key ways in which Republicans have helped make this disastrous deal a reality.\nDisgraced Republican Representative Robert Ney helped Trita Parsi to establish the National-Iranian-American Council. Indeed, without Ney and his connections to the establishment (including Karl Rove), it is difficult to conceive how Parsi would have been able to succeed in founding NIAC.\nSeveral Republican members of Congress have accepted campaign donations from the Hassan Namazee-connected IAPAC (see above).\nObama-appointed Secretary of Defense, Republican Chuck Hagel, was a board member of the Ploughshares Fund, and thus connected to George Soros and various pro-Islamic organizations.\nFinally, as Andrew McCarthy points out, The Boeing Company is one potential big winner in the deal. They’re also a big GOP donor. Updating even a fraction of Iran’s commercial airline fleet would be a huge contract. Specific language was included in the final deal to allow U.S. aircraft manufacturers to sell to Iran, likely to benefit Boeing. (It is worth noting here Boeing’s massive contracts with the terror-finance center of Qatar.)\nMitch McConnell and John Boehner control Congress, and therefore the power of the purse. This gives them far more than the ability to merely throw sand in Obama’s gears. If they had the will, the Iranian deal could have been stopped by threatening to defund Obama’s agenda, period.\nInstead, McConnell lamely surrendered and Boehner passed a series of useless resolutions designed to make the Republican base feel good. Symbolic votes, however, will not stop Iran.\nThe Republican-controlled Congress put on a decent show for voters, but has done nothing, and apparently has no intention, to stop this disastrous agreement from becoming accepted American policy.\nSellout of Sovereignty to International Business Interests\nA few words should be included here on the legal and commercial nature of the Iranian nuclear deal. The deal’s highly abnormal formulation (not technically a treaty, not strictly a U.N. agreement) creates a number of new paradigms that suggest American sovereignty was not even a thought among the negotiators. Indeed, it is not even clear that American companies stand to gain much from the deal, in comparison to their European, Russian, and Chinese counterparts.\nInstead of a traditional treaty, which requires ratification by the U.S. Senate, this deal is a complex of U.N.-centered agreements, overlapping with bi-lateral agreements.\nDue to the deal’s unusual structure, the Senate was basically powerless to stop it. (To defeat it, Congressional Republicans could have used political guerilla tactics, such as defunding Obama’s agenda.) This impotence was reinforced once the U.N. Security Council blessed the deal shortly after it was agreed upon by the negotiating parties.\nThe agreement included secret “side deals” that were not presented to the Senate. Included in the deal’s provisions are guarantees for business that, regardless of Iran’s compliance with the agreement, companies would be allowed to continue to do business with Iran. The agreement also severely limits Congress’s ability to re-impose sanctions on Iran.\nAlmost immediately after the deal was complete, Russia announced that it lifted a ban on the sale of a sophisticated missile system used for air-defense.\nLikewise, China announced that they would sell Iran 24 J-10 fighter jets. The value of the deal is estimated at $1 billion.\nEurope is eager to embrace the newly legitimated Iran. Germany, France, Italy, Britain, Austria, Spain, Poland, and Sweden all have plans for Iranian business.\nAccording to one U.S.-based portfolio manager: “I think that the American companies will be welcomed in Iran… This is not a game for junior companies, and I call juniors anything below a billion-dollar market cap. This is a big-money game.”\nYet, strangely, U.S. sanctions on the Iranian regime will remain in force:\n“After years of painstaking negotiations and at great political cost, the Obama administration has created a means for foreign businesses to re-enter Iran—but U.S. law still sidelines all but the biggest American multinationals.\nEven in the case of big U.S. corporations with foreign subsidiaries, any U.S. citizen employed by an overseas unit would likely be prohibited from participating in transactions with Iran unless granted permission by the Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Asset Controls, experts said.”\nIn effect, the deal secures Iranian markets for foreign companies, while American firms still face complex legal and regulatory hurdles should they choose to engage the Iranian market.\nConsequences/Conclusions\nThe information presented above demands that certain observations are called out, and conclusions drawn.\nValerie Jarrett, John Kerry, and George Soros have used Barack Hussein Obama and the Presidency to legitimize Islamic terror. Their plans were helped along by a patient and methodical domestic Iranian lobby.\nThe United States government, in particular the White House and Congress, are deeply corrupt. The representatives of the American people put a higher value on personal profit and reelection than they do on national security and the security of America’s allies. According to a recent Gallup poll, a full 75% of Americans see “widespread corruption” in their government.\nThe sovereignty of the United States has been sold to the international highest bidder. Congress no longer serves as an effective check on treaty-making. The U.S.A.’s foreign policy is now largely directed by the United Nations, which is, in turn, dominated by the 57-state Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC).\nThe Obama administration seems to be more interested in the profitability of foreign companies as opposed to domestic companies. Indeed, a reasonable reading of events indicates that Obama viewed foreign business interests as his best allies in securing the Iran nuclear deal.\nIAPAC (Iranian-American Political Action Committee) donated the most money to political candidates in 2008. This was certainly to ensure the election of Barack Hussein Obama.\nFrom the beginning, the bi-partisan Iranian lobby was tied to Tehran, the United Nations, and George Soros.\nThe United States’ reputation is now tied to that of Iran, the most prolific state sponsor of Islamic terror. Unless a military strike cripples the Iranian nuclear facilities, the terror regime will very soon have nuclear weapons with which to strike Israel, the Gulf region, Europe, and any other enemy within range.\nFinally, while it is impossible to predict the future, a few outcomes appear almost certain as a result of the deal.\nWar is more, not less, likely — the arms race has already begun in the region, beginning with a $1 billion deal agreed upon in September between the United States and Saudi Arabia.\nThe United States has lost the trust of Israel. Russia is filling the American vacuum in the Middle East and Africa (i.e. Egypt, Libya, etc.).\nAmerica’s traditional Gulf allies, who view Iran and their designs for regional hegemony with great trepidation, are rethinking their alliance with Washington. The ice is melting fast, and previously unthinkable alliances and/or cooperation at various levels are taking place.\nPolitical Islam is fully legitimized, rather than reformed to be peaceful. Obama’s acquiescence of Tehran is in direct contrast to his harsh treatment of Cairo, and the reform-minded Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi.\nRegardless of who the next American President may be, what will he or she do to rectify this world class nuclear debacle?\nHouse of Bribes: How the United States led the way to a Nuclear Iran is a product of the New Coalition of Concerned Citizens. Contributors are available for interviews to interested radio shows and television programs.\nAdina Kutnicki\nDr. Ashraf Ramelah\nCharles Ortel, Denise Simon\nDick Manasseri\nGary Kubiak\nHannah Szenes\nRight Side News\nMarcus Kohan\nGeneral Paul E. Vallely\nRegina Thomson\nScott Smith\nTerresa Monroe-Hamilton\nColonel Thomas Snodgrass\nWallace Bruschweiler\nWilliam Palumbo\n1. Namazi and Nemazee: A Note on Names. It may be that Namazi and Nemazee are different transliterations of the same Persian name. One internet source suggests that ‘Nemazee’ was the spelling of the name for branch of the family residing in Hong Kong. Indeed, the Nemazee family was in China and involved with the opium trade. Though the authors make no claim at a relationship, the possibility seems plausible given the same phonetics and overlapping relationships, interests, and objectives regarding Iran’s relationship with the United States.\nThis entry was posted in Arab Spring, Civil Liberties, Counterjihad, Domestic terrorism, Enrichment, Holy War, Legal action, Media, Middle East, National defense, News, PC/MC, Politics, USA by Baron Bodissey. Bookmark the permalink.\n15 thoughts on “House of Bribes: How the United States Led the Way to a Nuclear Iran”\nmax denken on October 3, 2015 at 10:04 pm said:\nWhy is this not on the front page of the NYT? WaPo? HuffPo? NBC nightly news? Reuters? AP? Yahoo? How can this whole vehicle survive the road hazards if its brakes, headlights and wipers have been rigged not to respond to inclement weather?\nDymphna on October 3, 2015 at 10:35 pm said:\nBecause Soros.\nPeople think he’s (a) not “that” bad; and (b) couldn’t be “that” powerful.\nSoros is the personification of fathomless evil and he likes that.\np.s. Go here: http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/individualProfile.asp?indid=977\nAnonymous on October 4, 2015 at 10:43 pm said:\nSee my comment below. I think that Wiki entries tend to help marginalize certain groups and their findings.\n“Conservatives” really need to pay more attention to this!\nBig Frank on October 3, 2015 at 10:56 pm said:\nMy Goodness! I was mistaken I always was lead to believe that the Saudis ‘owned’ DC, it looks like the Iranians outbid them. This is sickening deceit and treachery at the highest level. We have become a ‘banana republic’ selling out to the highest bidder.\nI have always maintained that Ms. Jarrett is our ‘Dear Leader’s’ Rasputin.\nDiMu on October 4, 2015 at 11:06 am said:\nThis confirms my deepest suspicions! It’s always about the money! Tehran has one of the strongest stock exchanges in the world and the financiers have been salivating to get back in there.\nHuman rights is only an issue when it can be used to vilify enemies of the government, domestic or foreign, or at least pretend to.\nThe nexus of global finance, Post-Modern liberalism, science as the obedient servant of Power and the need for draconian measures to stabilize the rebellious youth population bulges (Arab Spring) of Second and Third World nations so that the global empire can be secure in its investments (by incarcerating them in the biggest world prison – the EU), is what will create the nightmare of the 21st century.\nI doubt Middle Class society will survive. We’ll be reduced to Muslim over-lorded wage-serfs.\nmanatthepub on October 4, 2015 at 12:35 pm said:\nWith hardly any effort made to keep it hidden. Hubris.\nAnonymous3 on October 4, 2015 at 1:37 pm said:\nKissinger.\nNemesis on October 4, 2015 at 8:06 pm said:\nKissinger has always been a mentor to those at the Council on Foreign Relations/Bilderbergs, and to ‘receptive’ Presidents.\nDiMu on October 4, 2015 at 2:12 pm said:\nMuslims are given Georg Soros’ book ‘W2EU’ (Welcome to Europe) BEFORE they embark on their invasion!\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRMlSjqEVNQ\nAnonymous on October 4, 2015 at 3:22 pm said:\nWikipedia’s entry for Coalition for Concerned Citizens:\n“The Coalition of Concerned Citizens was a New Zealand Christian conservative pressure group, and one of several attempts to form pro-censorship, anti-abortion, anti-gay and sex education opponents into a comprehensive social conservative political coalition. Its founders included Keith Hay, Peter Tait, Barry Reed, and Bill Subritzky.[1]”\nIs is the same group? If so, then it’s no wonder it’s not getting front page news in the mainstream media.\nIf it’s the same group, someone should see to the re-writing of the wiki entry. I can’t find a NEW Coalition of Concerned Citizens online; maybe I didn’t look hard enough.\nWilliam Palumbo on October 21, 2015 at 4:15 pm said:\nThe Wikipedia entry you mention is unrelated to the group that published the paper. We are a group of Americans who research and publish information related to national security, Islamic infiltration, and terrorism.\nYou can see our “About” page here:\nhttp://usatransnationalreport.org/wp/new-coalition-of-concerned-citizens/\nMark H on October 4, 2015 at 3:50 pm said:\nIt would be interesting to know whether Iranian-born, UK based atheist, communist and anti-sharia activist Maryam Namazie is related to those with similar names above. Her biography on Wiki & elsewhere is silent about her family background.\nMinor disclaimer: I’ve attended a couple of demos in London where she was involved, against gender segregation in lectures at UK universities, and the Law Society’s issuing guidance to solicitors on how to give advice to clients regarding sharia/secular law. Both causes were eventually won, but I claim no credit!\nA powerful piece that lays bare the pure evil of those who live for greed, power and the ultimate control of the citizenry.\nacuara on October 4, 2015 at 11:06 pm said:\nwith most of the governments of the world broke, in debt, corrupt, or all of the above, it is no wonder that corporations that have the billions necessary to effect their will are stepping in to fill the void. Maybe that was the idea all along. I am beginning to this that the events of 75-80 years ago was either a dress rehearsal or a case study to learn what methods would work and which would not in the takeover and control of the world. No, the narrative we are given about World War II is simply that, a narrative. The truth is far scarier. We had a glimpse of its monstrous reality with Johnson and Nixon and the forces that supported them. I rather think that all of this is the end game. God help my grandchildren.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line956847"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5468029975891113,"wiki_prob":0.45319700241088867,"text":"The miracle for which she is blessed\nThe Congress of Doctors in Rome was on November 23, 2017 where an inexplicable cure was approved.\nOn the afternoon of May 22, 2008, Mr. Jorge Treviño, through the prayer made to the Lord through Conchita's intercession, was inexplicably cured of a general paralysis that he had, which did not allow him to move, walk, etc ... Paralyzed, practically the next day he walked out of the San José hospital in Monterrey, NL.\nOn March 1, 2018, the Congress of theologians of the Congregation for Causes approved that the miracle was through the intercession of the Venerable Servant of God, and in the Ordinary Congress of Cardinals and Bishops on June 5, 2018, they approved the aforementioned and presented it to the Pope for the promulgation of the decree that speaks of such a miracle.\nSuch decree has been issued on June 8, 2018, Feast of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. The exact date of the Beatification, which will be celebrated in Mexico City next year, has not yet been specified.\nConchita's History\nConchita Armida was born on December 8, 1862, in San Luis Potosí, she was the seventh of twelve siblings. She was born on the feast of the Immaculate Conception of Mary, hence the origin of her name.\nFrom a very young age, she was very devoted to Jesus and she loved teaching people how to read, and catechizing the poorest. She married Francisco Armida with whom she had 9 children, despite being a mother and wife, her devotion was never diminished. One day while in spiritual exercises, she heard, clearly and without hesitation, a voice that said: Your mission is to save souls. All her longing was to belong to the Lord. He engraved the Holy Name of Jesus on his chest, a new and great feeling made her exclaim: \"Jesus, savior of men, save them.\"\nGod and his family\nAll life she lived for Jesus and her family, even though her husband dies and faces very adverse economic situations throughout her life, at all times she kept her faith in God who at all times helped her and allowed her to leave ahead.\nInspirator of the works of the Cross\nConchita was the inspiration for the five works of the Cross: Apostolate of the Cross (1894), Religious of the Cross of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (1897), Alliance of Love (1909), Fraternity of Christ the Priest (1912), and Missionaries of the Holy Spirit (1914). After a while Conchita also lost her children, loneliness began for her and with it the last stage of her life. She had God who would never leave her alone. Her spiritual directors ordered her to write down all the communications she received from God. This is how she wrote several books. Conchita's fecundity was prolonged, not only in her blood family and in her writings, but also in her spiritual family. From her spirit live the five Works of the Cross, nine Religious Congregations, and Pastoral Movements.\nThe Works of the Cross were inspired by Conchita Armida, she received many communications from God and it is from these communications that all these works were developed. The Works of the Cross are part of her legacy and are the greatest example of her devotion to God.\nApostolate of the Cross\nFounded in 1895, it's the first branch of the Works of the Cross, it's characterized by being open to all the Christian faithful who seek to live their baptismal consecration.\nReligious of the Cross of the Sacred Heart of Jesus\nFounded in 1897, it is made up of consecrated contemplatives who dedicate their lives to the perpetual adoration of the Blessed Sacrament.\nCovenant of Love with the Sacred Heart of Jesus\nFounded in 1909, the members are called to consecrate themselves to the Father in union with Christ, Priest, and Victim, in a constant offering of their secular life.\nFraternity of Christ the Priest\nFor bishops, priests and deacons, founded on January 19, 1912.\nMissionaries of the Holy Spirit\nFounded in 1914, although it is the last of the works, it is the one that animates the rest. The Missionaries of the Holy Spirit, priests, deacons, and coadjutor brothers, live and share in the community the Spirituality of the Cross in its total consecration through their religious vows and apostolic action.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line25382"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.907711923122406,"wiki_prob":0.907711923122406,"text":"50.50: Investigation\nUS groups linked to COVID conspiracies pour millions of ‘dark money’ into Latin America\nSome Christian right groups have denied that coronavirus cases exist – while others have claimed the virus was deliberately made by China. Español.\nIsabella Cota Diana Cariboni\n29 October 2020, 8.55am\nA satirical poster of President Jair Bolsonaro saying COVID-19 ‘is just a flu’ in Brazil, where US-linked groups have also denied the virus exists.\nCris Faga/NurPhoto/PA Images\nHalf a dozen US Christian right groups have poured millions of dollars into Latin America and have promoted misinformation about COVID-19 and other health and rights issues, openDemocracy can reveal today.\nThese groups are part of a bigger number of twenty Christian right groups that have spent at least $44 million of ‘dark money’ into Latin America since 2007. Several of them are linked to President Trump’s administration.\nNone of these organisations disclose the identities of their donors or details of how exactly they spend their money in Latin America. Many do not mention their Latin American operations on their websites.\nOne group has called COVID-19 “the most monumental social engineering and ideological... effort in history”. The leader of another group also sits on an anti-China lobby group with former Trump adviser Steve Bannon – and claims that coronavirus was man-made in a Chinese lab.\nAt least three of these US groups have attacked the World Health Organisation (WHO) during the pandemic, claiming for instance that it is “using COVID-19 to spread abortion”. The Trump administration announced earlier this year that it would halt US funding to the global health body.\nTwo groups have also supported anti-abortion projects across Latin America that have been accused of using “deception and manipulation” against vulnerable women. Another organisation has funded a controversial app that employs “misleading” advice to discourage the use of contraception.\nAll of these US groups promote a strict vision of a “traditional family” against abortion and LGBT equality. Latin America already has some of the world’s highest rates of adolescent pregnancies and murders of LGBT people; many rights advocates say these groups are aggravating the situation.\nAlejandra Cárdenas, from global advocacy group Center for Reproductive Rights, said these findings “prove a manipulation we’ve been seeing for years by the US Christian right in Latin America and Africa, meant to break the social fabric and human rights protections that popular movements fought for”.\nThese groups “use the Global South as a laboratory for misinformation campaigns,” she said, with “incalculable costs for lives and well-being.”\nSenator Humberto Costa from the Brazilian Workers Party added that “these findings confirm that there is an international network behind orchestrated actions to misinform and attack specific groups with hate messages.”\nCOVID-19 conspiracies\nIn February, as coronavirus infections began to swell globally, a veteran US anti-abortion activist claimed that the virus was created in a Chinese lab as a bioweapon and then released, either intentionally or accidentally. President Trump has also shared this theory.\nThe activist is Steven Mosher. He directs a US group called Population Research Institute (PRI), which has published an online book in English and Spanish claiming that China’s fabrication of the virus has the “clear intention… of radically modifying the known world through social engineering”.\nMosher also sits on the board of an anti-China lobby group that he co-founded with Steve Bannon, Trump’s former campaign director. Bannon was earlier this year charged with fraud over a fundraising campaign to build a wall between the US and Mexico. He has denied these charges.\nPRI has spent more money in Latin America than it has anywhere else in the world, outside the US – more than $1 million between 2008 and 2017. While it is not one of the biggest spenders in the region, it appears to be one of the most active.\nAmong its activities, PRI says it has trained staff of CitizenGo, a Spain-based global conservative group that has links to far-right parties across Europe. PRI trained CitizenGo “in the use of political strategy tools, communicational and scenario analysis”, and PRI’s Latin America director, Peruvian Carlos Polo Samaniego, is also on the board of CitizenGo.\nPolo is accused by his son, LGBT rights activist Carlos Polo Villanueva, of having taught him to manipulate the results of an online survey about the legalisation of abortion in Peru.\nHis son told openDemocracy: “I was ten or twelve years old, and my father asked me if I wanted to help him with his job. He put me in front of a computer, saying ‘you vote here against abortion, then go to cookies, disable cookies, return to the webpage and vote again. Do it as many times as you can’.”\nPolo’s son also claimed that Catholic and evangelical schools pushed their students to attend the “marches for life” that his father and other ultra-conservatives organised. He said: “I marched against abortion as a child because our school took roll calls. I was forced to march in 2009 and 2010.”\nPolo did not deny his son’s accounts when asked about them by openDemocracy. He said: “Obviously, there are a lot of differences between the points of view of LGBTI activists and PRI’s. LGBTI activists are free to express their views. I know what my son Carlos thinks. I love him as a son and respect him as a person, despite our conflicting opinions. PRI defends and promotes the freedom of expression for all peoples”.\nIn April, CitizenGo launched an online petition to “defund” the World Health Organisation, alleging that it uses public money to “promote Communist China's false COVID information” as well as to “teach masturbation to children from ages 0 to 4… and force doctors to perform sex reassignment surgery on children”.\nAnother one of the groups analysed by openDemocracy is the American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property (TFP), which has disclosed spending at least $2.7 million in Latin America since 2007.\nFounded in 1960 in Brazil as an anti-communist, Catholic network, its US branch has called the ongoing coronavirus crisis “the most monumental social engineering and ideological... effort in history”.\nA Brazilian member of the TFP network has published articles denying the existence of COVID-19 cases in Rio de Janeiro and claiming that coronavirus mortality figures have been “inflated and manipulated” by the media and politicians to fuel “fear and hopelessness”.\n“With the justification of fighting the virus, the church and the good people are persecuted,” said one of the articles published by TFP’s Instituto Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira in Brazil, referring to temporary closures of churches in the country – which currently has the world’s second-highest number of COVID-19 deaths, after the US.\nCárdenas, from the Center for Reproductive Rights, said: “The public must know who is behind these campaigns, and understand their alignment with political causes. Why are they interested in weakening public health protection systems, like the WHO? What benefit can be drawn from it?”\n\"Misinformation is instrumental to the Latin American right-wing tactic of dismantling rights,” added Thiago Amparo, law professor at educational institute Fundação Getulio Vargas of São Paulo. “Being funded transnationally, these misinformation tactics function as disruptive tools in the region’s democracies.\"\n“We are not behind or aware of any campaigns and certainly deny wanting to weaken or take any actions against public health”, the American TFP group told openDemocracy. It added that the articles published by its “autonomous sister organisation” in Brazil “are not official statements” from the group.\nOne of the articles was authored by a Catholic priest that is not a member of TFP, it said, and the other is a commentary on government statistics.\nMisleading women about reproductive health\nThe president of the US Catholic conservative group Human Life International has also claimed that the WHO is “using COVID-19 to spread abortion”.\nThis group has spent $2.3 million in Latin America since 2007. Together with another US anti-abortion group, Heartbeat International, it supports a network of ‘crisis pregnancy centres’ that have been accused of misleading and manipulating Latin American women, as openDemocracy revealed this year.\nAnother US group, the World Youth Alliance (WYA), has spent a more modest $640,000 in Latin America – but it has also been involved in activities condemned for “misleading” women about their health. It is promoting a controversial fertility app (the FEMM app) that dissuades women from using birth control and emergency contraception, claiming it is dangerous.\nIf a user asks the FEMM app specifically for information on contraception, it says it doesn’t provide this as “artificial means” of preventing pregnancy “can be detrimental to a woman's health by suppressing hormone function. Hormones are needed in sufficient levels to promote optimal health in the body”.\n“The app is clearly misleading,” said Grazzia Rey, associate professor of gynaecology at Uruguay's University of the Republic, “as it circumvents the scientific evidence provided by the WHO and Uruguay’s ministry of health guidelines, on the efficacy and security for all contraceptive methods.”\nIf a user says they want to avoid pregnancy, the app tells them to abstain from sex completely or on days when they are most fertile. Anita Román, president of Chile’s Midwifery Society, said such ‘fertility awareness’ methods “have a high margin of insecurity,” while sexual abstinence “is unnatural.”\nIn a “training course” from WYA’s sister group FEMM, which created the app, a Catholic gynaecologist from Chile claimed that young women take birth control “not because they don’t want to have babies, but because they want to be beautiful”. (A study by the US Guttmacher Institute found that 86% of women use contraceptive pills primarily to prevent pregnancies.)\nSpending not disclosed\nGlobally, openDemocracy found that 28 US Christian right groups have poured at least $280 million into activities around the world since 2007 – led by their spending in Europe (almost $90 million).\nHowever, this data underestimates the US Christian right’s influence and spending internationally. Money sent via churches, or groups registered as ‘church affiliates’, for example, is not included in the total because these organisations are not required to publicly disclose their spending.\nThis content is not shown because we don't have your consent to use cookies. You can check your cookie settings here or...\nAllow 3rd party cookies\nThe Billy Graham Evangelistic Association (BGEA) is the biggest spender in Latin America, spending at least $21 million in the region between 2007 and 2014, plus almost $10 million in Mexico and Canada. It’s led by the late American televangelist’s son Franklin Graham – an outspoken supporter of President Trump who said that God was behind the 2016 election.\nGraham – who called the cancellation of his festivals in Europe due to COVID-19 “spiritual warfare” – was also in Russia last year meeting a Kremlin official who is under US sanctions, on a trip that he said was personally signed off by Trump’s vice president Michael Pence.\nAfter 2014, the BGEA stopped disclosing its financial information as it obtained a reclassification as an “association of churches”.\nFocus on the Family, the second-largest spender in Latin America ($6.2 million between 2008 and 2018), offers online shows, podcasts and counselling in Spanish with the message that homosexuality is “not normal” and trans identity is a “disorder and has to be treated”.\nThis group’s founder James Dobson has spoken out against Trump’s impeachment and celebrated his anti-abortion and pro-Israel positions. In early 2020, Jenna Ellis, who once worked for Dobson, was appointed Trump’s campaign legal advisor.\nCárdenas, from the Center for Reproductive Rights, accused all these groups of working “to break down the entire human rights protection system, which is their hidden and ultimate goal”. She said: “I hope this investigation is widely shared and helps us to open eyes at their full agenda.”\n‘To break down the entire human rights protection system, is their hidden and ultimate goal’\nIn response to openDemocracy’s questions, Polo at PRI said the group “complies with the US and Peru’s laws” and that all their financial information was “publicly registered and available to any citizen, as is established by law”.\nHe said that Facebook’s removal of PRI director’s Steven Mosher’s article – on the origins of COVID-19 – was later reversed, “without explanation, proving that censoring Steven Mosher publication was an error beyond any doubt.”\n“We are in full compliance with US law in what we disclose or not disclose” the American TFP told openDemocracy. About LGBT rights it said: “Our position is that of the Catholic Church, which calls homosexual acts a grave sin.”\nBGEA told openDemocracy that was reclassified as an association of churches because it had been operating in that way “for years, as virtually everything BGEA does is in cooperation with churches” – and because such registration offers groups more protection from government interference.\nFiling non-profit disclosures had become “increasingly onerous”, it added, though it “continues to submit to an independent financial audit each year and posts a consolidated financial statement on its website for public review.”\nFocus on the Family said: “We believe in the inherent worth and value of every individual, which is why we so passionately support policies designed to strengthen families all across the world.”\nHLI, WYA and CitizenGo did not respond to openDemocracy’s requests for comments.\nPublished in: 50.50\nIs American democracy on the brink of collapse?\nWritten by: Chrissy Stroop All articles by: Chrissy Stroop\nPublished in: Podcasts\nDance and despair for India in memory of murdered journalist Gauri Lankesh\nChina’s government is targeting ‘sissy’ men, with devastating consequences\nWritten by: Xintian Wang All articles by: Xintian Wang\nAshling Murphy’s murder must bring change to Ireland\nWritten by: Una Mullally All articles by: Una Mullally\nView all in 50.50\nGet 50.50 emails Gender and social justice, in your inbox. Sign up to receive openDemocracy 50.50's monthly email newsletter.\nTracking the Backlash\nUS Christian Right","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1142792"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5606343150138855,"wiki_prob":0.4393656849861145,"text":"Indiana All Destinations\nExplore Indiana\nIndiana Tours\nAll Indiana Tours\nThings to do in Indiana\nHard Rock Cafe Indianapolis Tours & Tickets\nChildren's Museum of Indianapolis Tours & Tickets\nLucas Oil Raceway Tours & Tickets\nChildren's Museum of Indianapolis\nLucas Oil Raceway\nHard Rock Cafe Indianapolis\nA top children’s museum, the Children’s Museum of Indianapolis contains five floors of whimsical, interactive exhibits ranging from a dinosaur habitat to a journey through contemporary China. Learning experiences abound, whether your child is playing an astronaut in Beyond Spaceship Earth or digging up the Treasures of the Earth.\nIndianapolis is home to the Indy 500 race, and there is admittedly no shortage of great racing tracks in the city. The Lucas Oil Raceway, situated just outside the downtown area, is considered one of the top special event auto racing facilities in the world. It has three separate tracks, including a paved oval track, a quarter mile drag strip, and a 2.5 mile long course. The speedway hosts more than 100 auto racing events each year, including major NRHA events.\nEach season brings a little something different, both testing new race types and continuing established traditions. The high quality and maintenance of the track ensures that the desired high speeds can be reached as safely as possible. The grandstands and drag strip tower allow for maximum visibility of the races by spectators. Many of the world’s top race car drivers have participated in races here.\nServing up classic American fare alongside some of rock and roll’s top music memorabilia, the Hard Rock Cafe Indianapolis sits at the heart of downtown in the historic Morrison Opera House building. It’s in a central and fun area of the city, always drawing in a lively crowd. Their menu includes appetizers such as nachos, wings, and potato skins and tasty entrees that range from burgers and sandwiches to barbecue. Vegetarian options are also available.\nThe cafe also has two large event rooms, a dozen large screen televisions, a full bar with premium cocktails, a fun atmosphere, store, and of course, great music playing. Memorabilia on display rotates but includes musical instruments and stage costumes played and worn by the greatest musicians in rock and roll. With music, sights, and flavors, the Hard Rock Cafe is always a feast for all the senses.\nMore Tours in Indiana\nThings to do near Indiana\nThings to do in Illinois\nThings to do in Cleveland\nThings to do in Minnesota\nThings to do in North Carolina","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line295337"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7489833831787109,"wiki_prob":0.25101661682128906,"text":"Daniel Radcliffe Reveals Who He’d Want to Play in a ‘Harry Potter’ Reboot\nScreenCrush Staff Published: August 2, 2021\nDaniel Radcliffe is and forever will be associated with the role of Harry Potter. But Daniel Radcliffe is now — and this is going to be upsetting, so you might want to make sure you’re sitting down before you read this — 32 years old. If the Harry Potter series were ever rebooted in the 2020s, another actor would have to play Harry Potter. (Motion capture is good, but it’s not that good.)\nSo who would Radcliffe play in a hypothetical Potter reboot instead of Harry? He had an answer to that question for the Happy Sad Confused podcast (via TheWrap). He said:\nI would probably want to go with like, Sirius or Lupin. Those were always the two characters that I was like ‘They’re great.’ And also like, I’m obviously biased by my experience of filming those scenes, with those people, and they’re like some of my favorite memories.\nThat does not mean a reboot is happening. Nor does it mean you should expect Radcliffe to pop up in the upcoming live-action Harry Potter series that’s reportedly in development at HBO Max. And it apparently doesn’t mean you should expect some sort of grand celebratory reunion of Radcliffe and the rest of the original Harry Potter cast this year for the 20th anniversary of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. (Yes, the first Harry Potter is 20 years old. Hopefully you were still sitting down when you read that.) Radcliffe has already said he’s going to busy filming different roles throughout the rest of the year. “I’m sure there will be some sort of celebration,” he said last month, “but I don’t know if we will be getting together or anything. I’m sorry if that’s a bit of a disappointment to anyone.” The world really is in a sorry Mugglish state these days.\nThe Most Influential Movies of the 21st Century\nSource: Daniel Radcliffe Reveals Who He’d Want to Play in a ‘Harry Potter’ Reboot\nFiled Under: Daniel Radcliffe, harry potter\nCategories: Movie News","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line619142"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7204479575157166,"wiki_prob":0.27955204248428345,"text":"(-) Clear (585)\nMedicine & Health (492)\nNeurosciences (455)\nRehabilitation (16)\n(-) Semantic Web (15)\n(-) Computer Sciences (6)\nLabs (3)\nLD Connect (1)\nSemantic Web Journal 10-Year Award 2021\nAmsterdam, NL – We are pleased to announce that the winners of the Semantic Web journal's 10-year award 2021 are Matthew Horridge and Sean Bechhofer.\nCurrent Global Environmental Law and Policy Are Failing, Experts Say\nAmsterdam, NL – On the eve of the 50th anniversary of the 1972 Stockholm conference that created the United Nations Environmental Programme, it is clear that...\nIOS Press Announces the Relaunch of LD Connect\nAmsterdam/Santa Barbara – IOS Press, an international publisher providing content and services for scientific, technical, and medical (STM) communities, is...\nSecond Edition of the Classic Handbook of Satisfiability Just Published\nAmsterdam, NL – IOS Press is pleased to announce the publication of the second edition of the classic Handbook of Satisfiability. Originally published in 2009...\nComputer Science Professor funded by NSF for Open Science Research Project\nManhattan, KS, USA – Open science is the movement to make scientific research and data accessible to all, with an end result of sharing this knowledge through...\nTowards FAIR Principles for Research Software\nThe most viewed article in Data Science in the first half of 2020 focuses on FAIR principles in relation to research software. The position paper analyzes where...\nSemantic Web Outstanding Paper Award 2018 Announced\nThe recipients of the Semantic Web journal's Outstanding Paper Award 2018 were announced at the International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) in Monterey, CA...\nIOS Press Publishes Inaugural Issue of Open Access journal Data Science\nAmsterdam, NL – IOS Press is proud to announce the publication of the first issue of Data Science, a new interdisciplinary peer-reviewed open access journal...\nThe winners of the Semantic Web journal Outstanding Paper 2017 have been announced at the International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) in Vienna, Austria.\nSemantic Web Journal gets its First Impact Factor\nThe first Impact Factor for our Semantic Web journal has been released by Thomson Reuters.\nELPUB Scientometrics Portal Launched\nIn convergence with the 20th anniversary of the International Conference on Electronic Publishing (ELPUB) , a scientometrics installation was created to...\nTen years of Applied Ontology: Special issue now online\nIOS Press is happy to announce the tenth anniversary Special Issue of Applied Ontology.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line796976"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7483211159706116,"wiki_prob":0.7483211159706116,"text":"War Without End, Alas\nIt’s Not Over\nNobody in America wanted to spend generations fighting terrorists, but that’s what it’s going to take.\nAaron David Miller\nUpdated Apr. 14, 2017 12:24PM ET / Published Jan. 16, 2015 12:20PM ET\nGoran Tomasevic/Reuters\nIn 2013, there were 16 Americans killed in terrorist attacks around the world, according to State Department figures. In the same time period, 33 Americans died here at home when lightning struck them. Such numbers should make it clear that terrorist violence in and of itself does not present an immediate strategic threat to the United States. Indeed, since 9/11 there hasn’t been a single successful attack by a foreign terrorist organization on American soil.\nBut last week’s attacks in Paris and the disruption of another plot in Belgium on Thursday night show, all too tragically, that the danger must not be trivialized.\nThe fact is, we are living in an age of jihadi terror. And the threat and likelihood of more attacks will be with us for years to come.\nPresident Obama has said that we will “ultimately defeat ISIL,” the self-declared Islamic State also known as ISIS. Back in 2013 the president went so far as to suggest that that the war on terror was over. But he’s wrong on both counts. And here’s why.\nFirst, we have yet to take care of old business. Talk to any terrorism analyst or CIA or FBI counterterrorism expert and they’ll tell you that the most immediate threat to the United States comes not from ISIS but from an al Qaeda affiliate, Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. Sure we‘ve had great success against the old core al Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan, killing Osama Bin Laden and most of his top lieutenants, and dismantling infrastructure. But the Paris attacks were either directed or inspired by AQAP, making it obvious that almost 15 years after 9/11 we have yet to “defeat al-Qaeda.”\nIndeed, if French intelligence about the Paris attacks is accurate then dead men like the American born jihadi Anwar al Awlaki—killed in a U.S. drone strike in Yemen in 2011—continue to live on, encouraging and inspiring minions like the Charlie Hebdo killers. And a perfect European storm is gathering strength from the convergence of rising right wing, nativist, anti-immigration sentiment, increasing economic dislocation, and an already alienated and disenfranchised pool of European Muslims vulnerable to jihadi recruitment.\nSecond, jihadi terror didn’t grow in a bell jar. It’s the product of an angry, broken and dysfunctional Middle East where large ungoverned spaces in Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Libya, and widespread bad governance or no governance at all, combine with a growing sectarian divide between Sunni and Shia to feed extremism and violence. By killing his own Sunni citizens, Syria’s Bashar Assad creates new recruits for ISIS faster than the U.S. and its allies can train Syrian rebels to oppose him.\nFor years, Saudi Arabia tried to co-opt radical Islamists by financing them. And Saudi and other Gulf states have spread their own form of fundamentalism by supporting Islamic schools and mosques throughout the Middle East and South Asia. The Qataris, Saudis and Kuwaitis all provide money and guns to a variety of Islamist fighters in Syria. The key to beating ISIS is good governance on both sides of the Syrian and Iraqi border, including security, stability, prosperity, inclusiveness and respect for minorities. And yet today the first state has failed; and the second will remain at best a perennially fraught enterprise. The Arab Middle East is likely to remain a perfect breeding ground for jihadi enterprises for years to come.\nThird, it’s unfashionable and politically incorrect these days to talk about a clash of values, let alone of civilizations, when it comes to analyzing the West’s conflicts with the Middle East. Better, we’re told, to talk about clashing interests which, unlike values, can be reconciled and ameliorated. But for a disturbingly large minority of Muslims and many more who are prepared to acquiesce, there is no tolerance or respect for the West’s conception of free speech or freedom of religion, let alone freedom of conscience. Of the 21 countries that have laws against apostasy, all have Muslim majorities. And of the 24 countries with the most restrictive provisions against religious freedom, 19 are Muslim.\nThe attacks against Charlie Hebdo’s irreverent cartoonists weren’t the first by Muslims against Westerners who dared offend their religious sensibilities; and, tragically, they won’t be the last.\nModernity requires —even demands—the late Fouad Ajami insisted —the capacity to be offended. Societies flourish and grow through critical inquiry, freedom of expression, artistic creativity that breaks icons and challenges convention through the use of humor and satire that often offends. However objectionable willful offense to religion may be, it cannot justify in a civilized society violence and terror. The Paris attacks were very much driven by a fundamental clash of values and gets to the heart of what it means to live, and yes to thrive in a modern world. When Saudia Arabia a close ally of the us sentences one of its citizens to 1,000 strokes of a cane for his liberal views, it cannot be described as anything else but a clash of values between the right to freedom of speech and conscience and intolerance and repression.\nFourth, radical Islam and much of the mainstream opinion in the Arab world has a major problem with the West, particularly with the United States, Britain and France. The colonial legacy still hangs heavy in the lands of the Arabs, complete with the kind of conspiracy theories that have the CIA or Mossad responsible for much that occurs there.\nAt times U.S. policies seem to validate those views and make an already bad situation worse. However well intentioned, the 2003 invasion of Iraq is one example of that heavy hand, and became paradigm for modern-day colonialism, even though it freed Iraqis from a brutal master. The invasion actually led to the creation of al Qaeda in Iraq, the progenitor of ISIS. And the occupation of Iraq helped feed the conspiracy theory that Washington was supporting new Shia masters in Iraq, Sryia, and Iran against the Sunnis.\nIt is no coincidence that America’s two closest Middle East allies—Israel and the Saudi Arabia—have starring roles in the jihadi narrative, the first in al Qaeda tropes as an illegitimate Islamic regime (the near enemy); and the second as the oppressor of Palestinians and, perhaps worse, in anti-Semitic conceits as the despised Jews.\nThe long war against jihadi radicalism has already emerged as one of the most formidable security and political challenges of the 21st century, much as the Cold War was to the latter half of the 20th. Indeed, in this regard, the Paris attacks were less game changers than a painful reminder of how terrifying and tragic the long war is likely to become.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line369657"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5183533430099487,"wiki_prob":0.5183533430099487,"text":"Tag Archives: Lon Chaney\nHigh Noon (1952)\nPosted on September 22, 2015 by badblokebob\nFred Zinnemann | 81 mins | streaming (HD) | 4:3 | USA / English | U / PG\nOn the day marshal Will Kane (Gary Cooper) marries his young bride Amy (Grace Kelly), hands in his badge and plans to leave town, word reaches Hadleyville that a criminal he arrested, Frank Miller (presumably Will read DK2 and arrested him for crimes against literature), will arrive on the noon train, bent on revenge. Afraid that Miller and his cronies will terrorise the town and/or hunt down the newlyweds wherever they go, Will elects to stay and face the gang. But will any of the townspeople stand alongside him to defend their home?\nWell, you probably know the answer to that — it’s one of the film’s more (in)famous facets. If you somehow don’t know and want to remain spoiler free, look away now, because the answer is: no. No one will stand with Will. Interpreted by the American left as an analogy for people being afraid to stand up to McCarthy’s HUAC witch-hunt, some on the right were less impressed: John Wayne and Howard Hawks made Rio Bravo as a direct riposte. Both are regarded as classic Westerns, so in that respect there’s no ‘winner’ there. Besides, High Noon was eventually embraced by the right as well, turning it around to see it as a celebration of one man’s dedication to his duty.\nSome would contend it’s impossible to engage with High Noon and ignore that political allegory; others, like Mike at Films on the Box in his eloquent take on the film, would say it’s more than good enough to stand apart from such concerns. I have sympathy with both sides: the parallels are surely there, but it’s also a fine Western thriller in its own right. You certainly don’t need to know about the contemporaneous events it was reflecting to enjoy it. As to whether that subtext is a beneficial added dimension or a needless distraction, that’s down to personal preference.\nThere’s plenty else going on to keep a viewer engaged, anyway. It’s not an action-packed Western, the style many people at the time were accustomed to: according to Wikipedia, it faced criticism for its shortage of “chases, fights, and picture-postcard scenery”. In its place there’s the slow-burn tension of the clock ticking towards midday and the inevitable confrontation, as well as the moral and emotional dilemmas of the townsfolk, who’ve been happy to rely on Will’s marshalling ability for so long but refuse to help when he needs them.\nThere are personal relationships to contend with too: Amy is a Quaker and so a pacifist, and just wants to leave rather than face a violent confrontation; Will’s deputy, Harvey (Lloyd Bridges), refuses to help because Will refuses to recommend him for promotion; and then there’s hotel owner Helen Ramírez (Katy Jurado), who’s currently Harvey’s lover, but used to be Will’s, and before that was Miller’s. She’s planning to flee town too because, well, wouldn’t you?\nTo top it all off, the film takes place in near-as-damn-it real time. Regular readers will know this is a plus for me, for reasons I still can’t quite fathom. In a narrative such as this, however, it only adds to the tension: you know it isn’t going to jump from 11:30 to the titular time, for instance — you’re going to live every one of those minutes with the characters; that’s exactly how much, or little, time Will has left to get ready.\nThen it all culminates in a strong extended action sequence. Surely anyone feeling deprived of such thrills was satiated at that point? Maybe the now-more-familiar structure of building to a single big sequence at the end was less accepted back in 1952.\nAnd the attitudes of 1952 do continue to surround the film. The activities of HUAC had a serious, enduring impact on Hollywood (you only have to see the footage of Elia Kazan receiving his honorary Oscar in 1999, and the varying reactions it provoked from the audience, to appreciate that), so it’s no surprise that a film that engages with those events, however allegorically, can’t wholly shrug off such an association. For those who aren’t interested in those affairs, however, it still has a tense story and powerful character drama. Either way you look at it, High Noon is a rich, well-made, rewarding picture.\nHigh Noon is on Film4 this afternoon at 2:55pm.\nPosted in 1950s, 2015, 5 stars, adaptations, Drama, Thriller, Western\t| Tagged Do Not Forsake Me O My Darlin‍ '​, Elia Kazan, Frank Miller, Fred Zinnemann, Gary Cooper, Grace Kelly, High Noon, Howard Hawks, HUAC, John Wayne, Katy Jurado, Lee Van Cleef, Lloyd Bridges, Lon Chaney, McCarthy, Rio Bravo, The Ballad of High Noon, Western\t| 5 Replies","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line73181"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8314744234085083,"wiki_prob":0.8314744234085083,"text":"PLN quoted in article on HRDC's joint letter re rising levels of violence in TN prisons\nThe Contributor, Jan. 1, 2012. www.thecontributor.org\nPLN quoted in article on HRDC's joint letter re rising levels of violence in TN prisons - The Contributor 2012\nNew prison policies lead to increased violence, group reports\nFood Stamps, Welfare and the ‘Culture of Dependency’\nVol 6, No. 19 – October 11-31, 2012\nBy JESSE CALL\njesse@thecontributor.org\nThe Tennessee Department of Correction (TDOC), which oversees all of the state’s private and public prisons, says it has designed new policies to help those incarcerated “increase positive commitments to their communities,” but local advocacy groups contend that TDOC’s new policies make it more likely for those incarcerated to become victims of violence. Consequently, the rehabilitation of those inmates may be impaired by the fear and frustration those incidents create.\nThe number of incidents of violence in Tennessee prisons has “substantially increased” in the past two years, to about 367 incidents per month, according to the Human Rights Defense Center (HRDC), which collaborated with other advocacy organizations to examine public records between January 2010 and June 2012. Comparatively, in 2010, there was an average of 294 incidents of violence per month. The data indicates that violence increased in three key areas: prisoner-on-staff violence, prisoner-on-prisoner violence and institutional disturbances.\nHowever, according to TDOC spokeswoman Dorinda Carter, this rise in violence is not as consequential as HRDC would like people to believe. In a statement, she writes that the rate of change in violent incidents in Tennessee prisons is not statistically significant. “While some critics may contend the steps have led to escalating violence in prisons, data points to the contrary,” she said.\nNonetheless, there were more victims of violence during that time period, and for HRDC, the reason for the increase in incidents of violence seems clear.\nIn January 2001, Governor Bill Haslam appointed a new TDOC commissioner, Derrick Schofield, who instituted a series of new policies related to prisoner behavior. These changes included: requiring inmates to line up and stand outside no matter the weather conditions to wait for their turn to enter the dining facility; forcing prisoners to leave their hands out of their pockets during cold weather and not offering them gloves; daily cell inspections; and new restrictions on the kinds of property prisoners may have and the kinds of arts activities in which they can participate. During most of these activities, prisoners are prohibited from speaking.\nSchofield says these new enhanced security measures—or transformations, as he calls them—will make it easier for inmates when they are released.\n“Transforming program services builds offender accountability while providing an opportunity to change. The results can be lower rates of return to prison and increased positive contributions to their communities,” Schofield said in a statement. “Strengthening security, developing a more sustainable mechanism for program delivery, and creating a consistent manner of handling offenders from admission to community supervision have been at the forefront of our agency’s reorganization.”\nHRDC writes in its letter to Schofield that these “militaristic” policy changes may be leading to the increase in violence, as people incarcerated become frustrated with what they perceive to be punitive, and not preventative, measures.\n“We believe that the policy changes you have implemented may have significant unintended consequences,” the organization wrote. “[I]f the policy changes are intended to improve safety and security at TDOC facilities, they may be having the exact opposite effect.”\nHRDC also points to national research that shows these tactics do not help prevent recidivism. “Research by the National Institute of Justice, among other agencies, has found that boot camp type programs generally fail to reduce recidivism. This is in part because the strict discipline and militaristic policies imposed during incarceration are absent after prisoners are released, when they return to an unstructured environment.”\nHRDC adds that it is not alone in its concerns. “At least four wardens have resigned or retired since you were appointed Commissioner, some due to the implementation of your new policies,” the organization said.\nHRDC contends that even if Schofield is right about his claims, his plans have yet to decrease violence in Tennessee’s prisons.\n“Questions that need to be answered include why levels of violence are increasing, whether that increase is a result of the new policies implemented by Commissioner Schofield, and if not, what is behind the escalating violence. Also, most importantly, why the Commissioner apparently has been unable to curb violence in state prisons, particularly against staff,” said Alex Friedmann, HRDC associate director, who served time in Tennessee prisons in the 1990s\nprior to his release in 1999.\nTDOC maintains that its new standards are not only the way to go, but are being developed into a national model. “The Department [of Correction] is making good progress in building a set of procedures that will become national industry standards and have the greatest potential for both taxpayer savings and successful outcomes,” spokeswoman Carter wrote.\nHRDC is requesting that Schofield sit down with HRDC and other organizations to discuss the impact of his new policies, a request he has yet to accept. The organization also seeks to increase government oversight of TDOC. In 2011, the Tennessee General Assembly dissolved the Select Oversight Committee on Corrections, leaving supervision\nto the Governor’s office and the time-consumed Judiciary Committee.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1035890"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9852809906005859,"wiki_prob":0.9852809906005859,"text":"We interview Portishead Town winger Keiana Jones ++ Arsenal sign Stina Blackstenius ++ Heritage programme to celebrate women's football ++ Steph Houghton signs new Man City contract ++ Actonians end Hashtag United's unbeaten run ++\nArsenal sign Swedish star Blackstenius\nArsenal are delighted to announce the signing of Swedish international forward Stina Blackstenius.\nThe 25-year-old striker – who will wear the No. 25 shirt at Arsenal – joins following the expiry of her previous deal with Swedish side BK Hacken.\nStina won two Swedish league titles and three Swedish Cups across stints with Hacken and Linkopings FC in her home country, finishing the 2021 season as the top scorer in the domestic league.\nAt international level, Stina helped Sweden to successive silver medals at the 2016 and 2020 Olympic Games, and was part of the side that finished third at the 2019 World Cup.\n“It feels amazing to be here, I’m so happy to join such a big and great club like Arsenal.” Stina told www.arsenal.com. “I got a really good first impression about this club, they play really good football and I wanted to be a part of that. I feel like I can become a better player in this environment.”\n“We’re delighted to have signed Stina,” said head coach Jonas Eidevall. “She is a world-class talent who will add even more quality to our team. Her game is well-suited to the style we are implementing here at Arsenal, and I’m confident that she will take her game to an even higher level here with us.”\n“Everyone at the club is thrilled to announce the signing of Stina,” said head of women’s football Clare Wheatley. “She is one of the best forwards in the world and a significant number of clubs were interested in securing her signature this summer, so we are delighted to have made her an Arsenal player. We are all looking forward to seeing her in action soon.”\nThe deal is subject to the completion of regulatory processes.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line470485"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8377691507339478,"wiki_prob":0.8377691507339478,"text":"Local physician Dr. Nancy Anderson recognized for Excellence in Rural Medicine\nWhen Dr. Nancy Anderson and her husband Alistair came to Bella Coola in 1989, a “working holiday” was what they had in mind.\nCaitlin Thompson\nNow retired\nWhen Dr. Nancy Anderson and her husband Alistair came to Bella Coola in 1989, a “working holiday” was what they had in mind. With a new daughter and several years experience in Calgary under their belt, the two young GP’s were looking for a new type of practice.\n“I ate most of my meals in the car,” she shares. “We had a young daughter and it was hectic, I was working between three different hospitals in Calgary, and we were looking for a change.”\nDeciding to make a move to such a remote community would be daunting for some, but having decided become a doctor at age 13, Anderson was used to facing obstacles.\n“My mother was a nurse and I used to wait up for her to come off night shift so she could share her stories with me,” Anderson recalls. “I found it fascinating, and knew I wanted to get into medicine. I was 13 years old when I made the decision to pursue it.”\nBut the path to medical school wasn’t easy. Anderson, one of four children, was raised in Ontario and graduated there with plans to attend McMaster on a scholarship. Her parents, however, decided to move out to B.C. with plans to build a sailboat. She found herself along for the ride, ending up in French Creek on Vancouver Island, with the sailboat taking much longer than expected.\n“It was supposed to be a year but it ended up much longer,” she said. “It really complicated my life, as during that time I was still trying to get into school for my undergrad, but B.C. decided I wasn’t a resident and so did Ontario, so no universities would accept me.”\nAnderson put school on hold for a while and sailed to Mexico with her parents and two other siblings once the boat was complete, but the goal was still firmly in place.\nOnce the trip was over she went on to complete her undergrad in Biology at McMaster, but the next step proved to be equally as challenging.\n“In those days women couldn’t get bank loans to go to med school,” she explained. “I went through countless interviews, often being asked how I would manage the career if I decided to get married or have children. I think people often don’t realize how things have evolved since those days!”\nAnderson was soon accepted into an intensive three-year program in Calgary, but still lacked the funds to pay for it. A new option then presented itself: the Canadian military. So she joined up.\n“It was a really good option for me at the time,” she recalls. “The military trained us Medical Officers, and in exchange for our training we were required to serve three years.”\nHer husband Alistair joined as well, and the pair completed their training together. Having been stationed last on the west coast, they requested to stay there, or perhaps to be transferred to the east coast, as they’d never been.\n“They sent us to Winnipeg,” she remembers, laughing. “But we were really lucky at the time because Canada was in a very active peace-keeping role, so there was no real danger of conflict, and we received very good training during our service. I don’t regret the choice at all, in fact I now remember it quite fondly.”\nThey eventually settled back in Calgary with their first daughter, and began the busy lives of two young doctors. Anderson took a real interest in obstetrics, and began understudying with local specialists and GP’s in the area. It turned out to be a perfect fit for their move west to Bella Coola.\nWhile the two were excited to begin a new chapter in their careers at the Bella Coola General Hospital and Clinic, Anderson describes the experience of remote medicine as both intensely challenging and rewarding, but also terrifying.\n“I think a lot of people don’t realize the challenges of rural medicine,” she says. “It takes a certain type of person to face the obstacles of working in such an isolated location.”\nUnlike their urban counterparts, rural doctors do not have access to specialists or specialized equipment to deal with situations that arise. It’s up to them to be the “jack of all trades” when it comes to medicine, and they require a real willingness to face whatever arises.\nFortunately for Anderson, her love of obstetrics turned out to be just what the Valley needed. It is probably this role for which she is remembered most fondly, as she was the caregiver for hundreds of local women during their pregnancies and through their childbirth.\n“I did a whole year of surgery in the military, which gave me the confidence and experience to offer C-sections,” she said. “Many people don’t realize this but we were the smallest community in all of Canada offering C-sections, and we had a very low rate, about eight percent, compared to the urban centres which average about 20 percent.”\nAlthough disappointed that birthing services are no longer offered in the community, Anderson says the situation is complicated. The team that was able to offer C-sections has mostly retired, and the weather dictates whether flights out are even possible. This combination of factors and more simply makes birthing a risk no one will take, and unless things change it’s likely to remain this way.\n“Nobody is willing to risk a fetal or maternal death,” Anderson said. “We did between 20 and 40 deliveries a year when we had the right team, but that makes all the difference.”\nAnother aspect of medicine she really cared about turned out to be palliative care.\n“Palliative care is another area where your presence can really make a difference,” she explained. “It’s less about trying to ‘fix’ things and more about focusing on the person’s choices and comfort.”\nRetired now since 2008, she describes the departure from the clinic and hospital where she and her husband served for over 20 years as less than perfect, but remains satisfied with their decision.\n“As we neared retirement age we had requested that Vancouver Coastal Health change some of the working conditions to attract new physicians, particularly altering the on-call schedule to match that of the rest of the province,” said Anderson. “Unfortunately they refused to listen and we ended up resigning, which was upsetting. However, after a year they did finally come around and implemented our recommendations.”\nNow having spent 25 years in Bella Coola, Anderson says that she remains astonished at the level of care delivered through our tiny hospital, crediting the outstanding individuals for their dedication to the community and their positions.\n“I’d really like people to understand how special these services are,” she said. “People like Pat Lenci, Donna Ratcliff, Barb Cornish, the Schimdts and many others, they are the dedicated individuals that have the innovation and talent to maintain this level of care.”\nIt is precisely this type of dedication that the Rural Coordination Centre of BC (RCCbc) has recognized with its award to Dr. Anderson for Excellence in Rural Medicine at their annual conference – the Rural Emergency Continuum of Care.\nThe five chosen physicians were honoured for their “outstanding service, their facilitation of best clinical practices, their role as opinion leaders in their communities, and their personal and professional excellence in rural medicine” at an awards ceremony in Penticton last May.\n“Nancy has been an excellent role model for dozens of young women locums and residents in rural medicine,” said her coworker, Dr. Harvey Thommasen. “I have spoken with many female doctors, including my own daughter, who cite her as an inspiration for pursuing rural medicine.”\nAlthough she still does locums, these days you are able to find Nancy thoroughly enjoying herself – her many hobbies keep her busy. Gardening, horseback riding, and spending time with her grandchildren top her list.\n“I am really enjoying my life,” she shares. “I feel really fortunate to have chosen such an amazing career and ended up in community I love.”\nAnahim Lake’s Carey Price wins Canadian Athlete of the Year\nB.C. seeks relief for aging population costs","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1726621"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5287637114524841,"wiki_prob":0.5287637114524841,"text":"Jay Justice\nBlack Girls Create Creator, Features Black Woman Creator\t0\nWho are you, Jay Justice?\nI am a Jamaican American queer disabled Black woman who is into comic books, sci-fi, and baseball. (Yes, I am familiar with the sportsball, I used to work for the Yankees for three seasons, I’m really really into baseball. I was so salty with Pitch got canceled.) I’ve been getting into doing more editing. I’m really proud to say that I contributed to the editing on a New York Times Bestseller — if you’re familiar with The Adventure Zone, I was brought in for a second to help with some sensitivity reading and some of the editing on that book. I also helped do social media for the McElroys during the publishing process for the book, so it was really exciting. I want to do more of this work for sure. We did this work last year, so it’s been really great seeing the fandom go crazy for the work that we did and it’s awesome.\nCredit: Ann Eshilana\nWhat do you create?\nI create costumes, I create narratives, I help people to promote their work. Basically I try to create a space within fandom so people who are marginalized can feel more welcome and be more successful. Sometimes it takes just one person to listen to someone go on about the game they’re developing and say “no this game is good, I believe in this game, I think it should be seen by people who can get it further than I can.” I like to reach out to people who think that just because they’re a woman or they’re trans or they’re queer or they’re Black that their work is not as valid as everyone else’s and I’m like, “no it is.” And I may have a smaller platform because I do cosplay and I’ve done promotion and marketing for other companies, but I feel like it doesn’t matter how small you think you are, it’s how big you make other people feel with your presence.\n“It doesn’t matter how small you think you are, it’s how big you make other people feel with your presence.”\n— Jay Justice\nIt’ll be my ten year anniversary of cosplaying next year and my first cosplay ever was Storm. I want to do a side by side of before Jay knew anything about makeup because dear God I was a hot mess. Someone tell baby Jay you don’t have to have white eyebrows to be Storm. I would like to do a much better Storm costume with a better wig, makeup, one that wasn’t hand-sewn and safety pinned and hot glued and stapled together, made out of literally coat-hangers and upholstery from a car.\nWhy do you create?\nI create because I feel like sometimes you’re just about to explode with the need to do something with what you have inside of yourself. With me that can be released in comic books, it can be released in costumes, it definitely gets released in a lot of, you know, trash posts on Tumblr but for the most part it’s my way of expressing how much I love the medium of comics. I was kind of scared and lonely as a kid and wanting to do something with myself that wouldn’t get me in trouble and comics were a safe way to create something and enjoy something and to just read. Just building literacy itself is so important. I know a lot of kids who didn’t really like reading, but I would tutor back in the day so I helped them increase their reading comprehension with comic books. Free Comic Book Day is how I lured the little suckers in and the next thing you know they’re spending all their lunch money on Spider-Man. But they’re reading though.\nWho is your audience?\nWhat’s interesting is that my so-called built in audience would be people like me who are disabled or Black or female or queer who just want to support someone who is like them and out there doing the thing. That’s me in a nutshell, I am my own audience. Sometimes I reach people who are outside of my so-called demographic, I’ll get people who are white, cis, straight, whatever and they’re just like “I like this, I think this is cool,” and they may want to support just because they enjoy the art, but occasionally they’ll make a point of supporting someone outside of their usual zone. For example. I was hired to speak at MIT about advocacy and modern media to help them with their own queer community and to help them be more seen and heard at MIT because Boston is extremely white and very racist. A lot of the students there were telling me about their experiences and just helping them to understand that I understand how sucky it is to have a project going on and you’re super qualified for this but the person in charge is only going to ever hire or place within their own circle.\nPeople don’t realize that we’re not saying “you yourself are a racist.” You are not defined by this. [But] you’re capable of partaking in this because you have the privilege to not have to worry about someone noticing you for a project because you’re the default. You’re a white person so of course you’re hirable automatically. A lot of the things that I do with my audience is teaching them to unlearn this stuff because not only are you making a better place but it literally enables you to enjoy art on a deeper level because you’re not being hindered by your own privilege. And watching somebody wake up to that fact is just — I’ve seen it so many times. I hope I keep seeing it because people really go, “wow, I was ignoring this because I thought it was a Black thing, I thought it wasn’t for me but my money is good here.” Yes! Your money is very good here, pay a Black person, it’s fine. Your white money is good everywhere, we will happily accept it. Buy Black products!\nWhat or who inspired you to do what you do?\nCredit: Jason Colflesh\nI mean I don’t know because when I first started cosplaying I wasn’t really thinking of a particular person in mind I was working promo and marketing for Activision at NYCC to promote Ultimate Alliance 2, the video game. I was at the booth doing my thing and looking at all the cosplayers — and I was in regular clothes. I had just been hired for my comic book knowledge and nerdiness and not for any costume because I had never cosplayed before. And I thought it was pretty fun and that I should try it. My main goal was to be a character not a person, so I don’t really have a cosplaying senpai or whatever. It’s really always been about trying to match the costume or the character. Even if I don’t match 100% the way it is in the picture, it’s more about being that character.\n[With regard to disability advocacy,] Annie Segarra (@annieelaney). She’s an amazing disability advocate who has done so much work to support the community. She’s the one who started the #AmbulatoryWheelchairUsersExist and I have so many of her t-shirts with her catchy hashtags on them. She’s just so great and so positive and super encouraging. She’s definitely someone I admire in terms of just being a cool person to support in social media and to listen to because her experiences are valid.\nWe all have a lot of experiences as disabled people trying to move through a world that is extremely inaccessible and dealing with people who look at you and think that you’re entitled. I’ve actually been told that I seem entitled and I was like “I’m literally just trying to make your company comply with the law?” I don’t understand. I’m working a convention at a university and they have blockaded the only wheelchair accessible door. If the building is on fire I wouldn’t be able to escape. I almost missed my Lyft because they couldn’t find me because I couldn’t get out. I had to manually remove a stack of parking cones from this door and then the security guard yelled at me and I’m like sir this is the only way I can escape the building, you need to not have this door blocked. I’m not trying to anything besides hold your company accountable.\nI’ve encountered that problem a lot: they’ll block off access for their own convenience. Stop all the elevators so no one can sneak into the con, but then you’re also not allowing disabled vendors, attendees, exhibitors, guests of this hotel who may use a wheelchair to access the entire lower floor of the convention. Every single day, they never fixed this. For a three-day con!\nIn my opinion, accessibility is independent accessibility where you do not require an adult to allow you access to a part of the library, a part of the school, a part of the hotel, whatever it is. If I have to find someone who has a key to the special elevator lift and you don’t know where the key is, you don’t know how to operate it, that’s not accessible to me. That is, the building’s on fire and I’m going to die because I can’t get out of here because you don’t know how to help me.\nThat’s why I really admire Annie because a lot of her work talks about that in a way that is easy to understand and, I’m not going to say doesn’t rile up able-bodied people because you know what, you should be riled up, you should feel upset on behalf of the people who have to deal with this crap every day. But then it makes us seem like we’re attacking them. No one’s attacking you for being able to walk without impediment or pain, we’re attacking the system that makes it difficult for us to get access to things that we need, which is again the law, but not always followed.\nWhy is it important as a Black person to create?\nCredit: Patrick Sun\nBecause you are the inheritance of thousands of years of oppression and misery and pain and it’s up to us to really speak for everyone that wasn’t able to speak before us. We’ve been told that our voices aren’t valid, that we don’t deserve a right to speak, and so I feel like our creativity is something that has been a long time coming and needs to be shared with everyone. It’s not just about us teaching ourselves, it’s about teaching our children and the children of those who inherit the so-called right of oppression. The people who have the privilege to do more and don’t, they need to hear our voices so that they do.\nIt’s all about maintaining integrity with your work, and someone saying that forced diversity is a lack of integrity is really not paying attention. Because nothing is forced it’s literally representing the exact world that we live in and there’s no white fantasy in New York, it full of people of color, I don’t know where you got this from but this white fantasy never actually happened. I’m really over this white feminist nonsense of everything having to be white. I’m over the idea that I should support a white female character when the Black ones get sidelined all the time. As a Captain Marvel fan, it’s extremely frustrating to know that Monica [Rambeau] is never going to be seen in the eyes of the younger generation as who she is, a former leader of the Avengers, the first female Captain Marvel. She’s basically being marginalized in the narrative of Carol — which I support, I love Kelly Sue DeConnick I think Captain Marvel is a great book. It’s just frustrating as someone who was a really big fan of the Captain Marvel before her to know that this kind of support and love is something Monica is never going to get. And I hope that when Monica appears in the movies that she has her own narrative but it really does feel like she’s going to be some kind of person who really looks up to Carol and this ain’t it.\nWhy do you think it’s important for disabled people to create?\nIt is important because we’re seen as disability meaning lack of ability to do anything, when really it means an inability to access things that are made for able-bodied persons. Being disabled doesn’t mean that you can’t create or build or discover or learn or teach. It just means that you require different tools to be able to do those same things. And that you require those things to be accessible so that you can reach your full potential and not be seen as just your limitations but for the whole of who you are. Your limitations and your strengths.\nI think it’s important to fight against the narrative of the “good disabled person” to show that everyone has different abilities. It really frustrates me because people assume that if you can do something you’re not disabled and if you can’t do it, you’re not trying hard enough, there is no middle ground. It is one or the other. I think it’s important for folks to read the words we create rather than the things written about us, especially with mental disabilities. There are people with autism writing wonderful works explaining their experiences and people are ignoring them and listening to Autism Speaks and the parents or families of disabled people and not the people living with the trauma of the ableism they’re facing, which can be worse than your actual illness in many cases.\nWe don’t live in a country with basic income we have to start from nothing and get something out of that. To tell me that my mind is useless because my body doesn’t work is absolutely missing the point, people think you can’t you can’t create because you’re sick, that’s why we have to, to show them that we can. We have value regardless of how our bodies and minds operate.\nYou mentioned accessibility in getting to cons, are there any other struggles that you face as a disabled creator?\nPeople look at me and see someone who looks healthy, because they don’t know what disability looks like — the answer is it has no look. I’m going to quote Nyle DeMarco who is a deaf model/activist who was told he doesn’t look deaf, which is like what does deaf look like? Disability doesn’t have any particular appearance. People sometimes assume I’m faking or I just have a cane for fun, I deal with stuff like that.\nAt this job I used to have, I got a new manager, who was told “this is Jay she’s going to be a great employee, all you have to do is carry this one thing for her because she physically can’t do it, but everything else she can do.” They were like “trust me, she’s a great seller, you’re going to love working with her.” He actually didn’t, because he just really hated disabled people. People think that’s not a thing, it is. Because he had to do one single thing to assist me, which my previous bosses were happy to do until they got transferred to other departments. I literally did everything else, like I literally bought attachments to my scooter — that cost me money out of my own pockets — so that I could carry more stuff so he didn’t have to do all those things for me. But this was one thing I couldn’t do. And he told me that I was useless, that I couldn’t help him from that chair that I was in, and that I didn’t deserve to get full wages, that he was going to dock my pay because of my disability. I later left that company because I didn’t feel taken care of well enough there, but I’ve experienced stuff like that in other jobs too.\nThat’s honestly why I prefer to work for myself or do social media, editing, or stuff online, because I can’t deal with being in that environment. You feel like you’re going to have a panic attack because you’re being told to your face by someone who — I mean he was racist too, he would show me KKK pictures, thinking it was funny, it was real bad. The ableism was what stuck with me the most, being told that I was basically furniture by someone who had the ability to take away my actual income was terrifying. It’s why I fight so hard, I don’t want anyone to have to go through that, it’s really sickening. I know that the law in many states is that they can pay disabled people less than minimum wage because “oh it’s fine, they don’t know any better, they’re just happy to have a job.” And that’s legal!\nHow do you balance creating with the rest of your life?\nBalance? What is that? With me it’s more like how many spoons do I have? If I don’t have enough energy to do a thing that day, it’s not happening. There are days where I’m having a flare up and I can’t move or I can’t stop shaking and I can’t shower or cook or do anything besides, if I’m lucky, open the protein shake by my bed that I hopefully remembered to leave there so I don’t die. So I can’t work on costumes, I can’t take commissions because I don’t know how much mobility I’m going to have, and I don’t want to make anyone miss their deadline. I’ve had to refund orders because I wasn’t able to get it out in a certain amount of time. That’s why I really like to do things that require me just to be able to use a computer, although my disability is one that affects my whole body — it’s one of those systemic ones — so sometimes I lose the ability to use my hands, so I can’t type. And you then have to spend time convincing yourself and others that you’re still worth hiring, despite all of this. Because the days I am on, I am on, I am in it.\nIt’s all about working when I can and leaning on the people that are there for me emotionally speaking because sometimes it’s hard. Trying to manage your schedule, trying not to make too many things too fast, especially with costumes. I’ve been cosplaying since 2009 and I have like 80-something costumes so it’s one of those “maybe just wear this old one and don’t make a new one because you don’t really have time for this.” And I haven’t even worn all of them yet.\nDo you have any advice for young creators or ones just starting out?\nDo not measure yourself against your peers or idols. Measure yourself against your own progress. Work on being the best version of yourself that you can be and don’t get caught up in trying to keep up with the Joneses or whatever because that way lies pain and misery, don’t do it. Definitely don’t do anything outside of your own means — stretch a little bit but not too much.\nRemember that you started in this for fun and then get good at it and somebody offers you money and then you take the money. That is how it worked for me. That’s probably how it’ll work for you. Maybe with comic book writing and art it’s different, but it’s not though because you did draw it for fun, you didn’t draw it because you were trying to be famous. You drew it because you wanted to create something and you wrote because you were trying to create something. You wrote a fan fiction because by god they should’ve been gay in the story, they’re gay now! That’s why you wrote it and what you write may be good enough to get published but you have to keep writing for yourself before you do anything else. That’s what I’m doing I’m still writing for myself. Eventually my story will be good enough for other people to see it and it’ll get published, I’ve already talked to someone about that so that’s exciting, but it’s really about doing art that you love and then maybe other folks will like it too. But it’s okay if they don’t because you made it for you.\nWhat has been your favorite or most memorable cosplay experience?\nCredit: DTJAAAAM\nThere’s a couple that really stand out. The building process of (Commander) Shepard (from Mass Effect) was absolutely horrible and I never want to do it again because I was someone who primarily sewed costumes and that was the first suit of armor I’d ever made. I cut and burned myself many many times. I famously cut and burned myself at the same time using what basically a pocket lightsaber. Mistakes were made. It was an exacto-knife that heats up to 400 degrees. I was cutting and gluing and heat forming at the same time with three different heat tools with no gloves! Children don’t do it, use protective gloves. And I reached without looking and I picked up the blade by the wrong end. And it removed a fingerprint and a chunk of finger was just gone. And I screamed so loud that my roommate who was on Ambien woke up. And he was like I’m just going to go to the store and get you some burn cream. God bless that man, he saved me, he’s a hero to us all. The best part was that the costume wasn’t done, and the con was in four days, so I finished it with my left hand. And I wore it, and I got to meet half the cast of the game so it was all worth it.\nBut my favorite experience in a costume: cosplaying Nakia from Black Panther has been the best experience ever, no matter which version I’m in it’s always positive feedback and it’s really great. And I get to cosplay with my friends because of course we’re all the Wakandan high council, we get to cosplay Wakanda together. We always have a great time with it. Just getting to be a positive Black hero that everyone knew was so great.\nDo you have any future or current projects you want to plug?\nEveryone should buy The Adventure Zone because everyone worked super hard on that book and it’s amazing, if you love D&D, if you love podcasts, if you love really good graphic novels, go get The Adventure Zone.\nI’m going to be at NYCC at booth 1483 promoting my company LGBTHQ, I’m one of the codirectors and cofounders, we like to promote queer comic book writers and gaming people all over the industry. If you’re queer we’re here for you, we want you to get your work out there. Buy Kid Riot Comics, they are New Jersey’s premiere queer superhero team, we’ve got some awesome superheroes, we actually did one, their new superhero is from Ghana and they looked for Ghanaian sensitivity readers to make sure she was written accurately, I really support that I love them for that. They have a trans superhero called Riot Diva, I love her design, and they did a lot of work speaking to trans people to make sure that she was written correctly. So I really like Kid Riot comic books, their new book is called Riot Squad because they wanted to do a team book not just one person. They’ll be at NYCC as well.\nI will be the Cosplay Guest of Honor at Geek Girl Con in Seattle. I’ll be doing some panels there, one is about Disability and Cosplay in Media. I have a lot of cons coming up. I want to try to plan for the future because I want people to know that even if your disability gets to the point where you literally can’t do anything, don’t think of yourself as bedridden because you can escape, you can do things that bring your reach outside of your general area, and you can still affect people even if you yourself aren’t physically there. But I want to be physically there for as much as I can.\nJay Justice (@ThatJayJustice) is a Jamaican-American cosplayer, editor, and advocate. Her work has been featured by SyFy, BBC America, and Marvel Comics, and she has been the inspiration for new characters in DC Comics and Boom Studios. Since 2009 she has crafted over 70 costumes and created panels at conventions across the country on the topics of comics, gaming, diversity in media and costuming. As an outspoken POC, LGBTQIA+ and disability advocate, Jay is dedicated to creating lasting change within her community & inspiring others to do the same.\nShop: email thatjayjustice @ gmail to order\nYouCaring: http://www.youcaring.com/jayjustice-1066395\nPaypal: http://www.paypal.me/ThatJayJustice\nKofi: http://ko-fi.com/thatjayjustice\nWishlist: http://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/39CF70CLIQCDD/\nCreator, Features\nVegalia\nAuthor Spotlight: Dr. Johnnetta Betsch Cole & Nelda LaTeef\nSierra Elmore","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1284616"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5587631464004517,"wiki_prob":0.44123685359954834,"text":"The pivotal role of Azerbaijan oil and Baku\nStart » The pivotal role of Azerbaijan oil and Baku\nBy Jabi Bahramov and Haji Hasanov, published 15 Aug 2011\nAs early as the 15th century, Baku was an important international trading centre for merchants travelling between the East and Europe. Caravans of camels and merchant ships transported oil, salt, madder and saffron. In the 19th century, the rapid growth of the oil industry caused a total modernization. By the turn of the 20th century, Baku was one of the biggest industrial cities of the world.\nThe oil wells drilled in 1846 at Bibiheybat in the Baku region were the first mechanically-drilled oil wells in the world and represented an important technical innovation. It is worth pointing out that the USA, the world’s first oil producer, started using this mechanical-drilling method 13 years after Baku. In 1860, the volume of oil produced in Baku was 247,814 puds, in 1862 this figure reached 337,926 puds (approximately 5,500 tons) and it continued to increase. In 1870, Baku oil fields were producing 1,482,100 puds (24,000 tons) a year.\nOne of the reasons for the rapid development in oil production was the growing demand for paraffin in the Russian Empire. From this period onwards, paraffin was used not only for oil lamps, but also as a fuel for the Russian Empire’s developing industry. This increase in oil production resulted in the emergence of an oil-refining industry.\nIn 1858, the Transcaspian Company, owned by the Russian capitalists Kokorev and Gubonin, built the first oil refinery at Surakhany in the Baku region. In 1861, N.I. Vitte, a Tbilisi pharmacist, built a paraffin factory on Pirallahi island and, in 1863, Javadaga Malikov built an oil-distillation plant in Baku to produce paraffin. By 1867, there were 15 oil refineries in the Baku region and in 1873 it had increased to 50.\nThe start of the distribution of oil fields acquired at auction in 1872 changed the oil industry into a capitalist production sector and oil production doubled. In 1876, the volume of oil produced in Baku was 24,000 tons and by 1882 it had multiplied to 816,000 tons. Oil production in Baku was now outstripping the oil industry of the USA, which was the most powerful oil producer at that time. While the productivity of Azerbaijan’s oil industry in the 1870s was 20 times less than that of the USA, in 1894 it equalled US oil production, reaching 5.55 million tons a year.\nThis increase in oil production was accompanied by the utilization of new drilling techniques. In the 1870s, the oil industry entered a phase of technological innovation and the expansion of production processes. Originally oil was extracted from hand-dug wells using buckets. Bailers substituted these and from 1871 the Baku oil wells were drilled using the borehole method. The introduction of steam engines in 1873 also played an important role in the development of Azerbaijan’s oil industry.\nThe tremendous upsurge in the oil industry demanded considerable investment. This attracted foreign entrepreneurs that were capable of investing in fields and factories, and especially in storage and the transportation of oil. The imperial government, which favoured foreign entrepreneurs, adopted a resolution on 1 May 1880 admitting foreigners to oil fields within the Baku region. The biggest representative of foreign investment in the Baku oil industry in the second half of the 1870s was the Nobel brothers’ company, Branobel, with 3 million roubles of share capital.\nThe Swedish capitalist Ludvig Nobel and the St. Petersburg baron and manufacturer P.A. Bilderling, who was also Nobel’s partner in the Izjevsk armaments factory, founded Branobel. In the mid-1880s, the French banking house of the Rothschild’s established another large enterprise in Russia – the “Caspian – Black Sea Industry and Commerce Society”. In the 1890s, British capital, represented by the honorary citizen of St. Petersburg, James Vishau, made inroads into Azerbaijan’s oil industry. In this fashion, most local concerns came under the control of foreign capital, which resulted in the expansion of foreign capital in the oil industry. The second half of the 19th century can therefore be regarded as a new stage in the history of Baku.\nThe rapid development of capitalism, the increase in demand for oil, the intensive development of oil fields and the construction of new factories and plants, turned Baku into one of the biggest industrial cities in the world. Within a short time, a number of Swedish, British, Belgian, German, Dutch and US companies opened their representative offices in Baku. The Baku industrial region with several “oil villages” emerged. By the turn of the 20th century, Baku was producing 50 per cent of the world’s oil.\nBesides the oil industry, other branches of the economy were flourishing. The world’s first oil tanker, oil pipelines, railways, telephone stations, horse-drawn cars and trams were all to be found in Baku. As a result of this economic growth at the end of the 19th century, Baku became the biggest and most important city of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus.\nEven before the oil fever Baku was an important trading centre for merchants travelling with their caravans of camels transporting oil, salt, madder and saffron.\nThe water well in the middle of the desert landscape outside Baku symbolize the days when Absheron still was relatively sparsely populated with a long distances between villages and without fixed routes.\nIt took less than half a century for a large and modern industrial city to grow up. Railroad tracks and telegraph wires cut through the town and factory smoke lay heavily over it.\nThe intensive growth of the city, development of oil fields, construction of new plants demanded a quick solution to the transport problems. Some claim that horse-drawn cars and trams were all to be found in Baku.\nA general view over Baku. New liberal legislation encouraged the inflow of foreign capital, which resulted in the dramatic expansion of the oil industry. By the turn of the 20th century, Baku was producing 50 per cent of the world’s oil.\nSkilled specialists were important to Nobels’ success\nPetrochemical production on a grand scale","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line275594"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5117618441581726,"wiki_prob":0.5117618441581726,"text":"Japan correct to fear TPP impact on rice production\nJapanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda announced his decision to join the Trans-Pacific Partnership before leaving Tokyo for the APEC 2011 meeting in Honolulu. If Japan goes forward with placing all of its commodities under the TPP, it would mean the end of centuries of rural rice farming and threaten the country’s food security. Of course, Noda is supporting corporate interests which, under the rubric of restoring “prosperity” to Japanese exports, are quite willing to throw tradition and food security aside in the interests of restored profitability.\nRice is one of the few crops in which Japan is self-sufficient, and opponents of the TPP argue it would destroy the country's agricultural sector and reduce food self-sufficiency to 13% from the current 39%.\n[Wall Street Journal, New Zealand: Japan Must Include Rice in TPP Talks, 11/14/2011]\nVultures are already salivating at opportunities presented by the likely death of Japan’s rice farming promised by the TPP.\nJapan must put its main staple on the table if it wishes to join talks over the Trans-Pacific Partnership free-trade agreement, New Zealand Trade Minister Tim Groser said.\n\"The negotiation must include rice,\" he said in an interview Sunday, if the TPP is to set a comprehensive market-opening example for the rest of the region.\nJapan must maintain high tariffs to fend off subsidized exports of countries eager to break into a lucrative market. There is no question that without the support of import tariffs, rice farming would rapidly come to an end, first devastating rural economies and then savaging Japan’s ability to feed itself.\nJapan’s rice farmers have long developed cooperative methods of producing rice, but the costs of domestic production are still high. Japan has no equivalent to the huge industrial ag tracts of the American midwest. Farmers typically share cultivating equipment, which moves from farm to farm during the harvest season, for example. Still, they could not compete with cheap imports.\nThey would not be alone. There are plenty of examples of the effects of predatory exports on the core agricultural economy of formerly self-sufficient countries.\nWe need look no further than Haiti, in our own hemisphere. Most of the loss of life in the Haitian earthquake took place in the shantytowns where displaced rural families fled in search of jobs. What happened to rice cultivation in a country\nNearly two centuries of rice cultivation shows that Haiti was self-sufficient in its rice supply up until 1980. However, following a severe flood in the 1970’s that drastically reduced the island’s yield, U.S. companies began to send shipments of rice to the island, soon using their subsidized crop to undersell local farmers.\nThe next major development affecting the Haitian rice market took place after February 7, 1986 when President Jean-Claude “Baby Doc” Duvalier was ousted from power following a coup d’état. Shortly thereafter, General Henri Namphy took over control of the country. Once in power, the U.S. government coaxed his regime to liberalize Haiti’s economy by slashing import tariffs, closing state-owned industries, reducing the budget of the government agricultural agency in the Artibonite Valley (the primary region where rice is grown), and opening all of its ports to commercial activity.\n[Worldhunger.org, Has the US rice export policy condemned Haiti to poverty?, 4/23/2010]\nThat loss of food security can devastate a country. The Haitian example is clear.\nIn 1994 the Haitian government entered into a new agreement with the IMF that contained a \"medium-term structural adjustment strategy\" which \"included sweeping trade liberalization measures.\" In 1995 when this agreement went into affect, Haiti's tariffs on rice imports were cut dramatically from 35% to the current level of 3% (the bound tariff on rice imports is 50%). By comparison, the Common External Tariff on rice in the CARICOM (Caribbean Community) zone for rice in 1999 was 25%.\nRice import tariff reductions in Haiti has made it more difficult for local rice producers to compete with imports. An article published in 1999 after evaluating agricultural and food price policy in Haiti concluded that \"reducing tariffs on both rice and corn, decreased retail and farm prices and increased consumption and imports.\" This is also confirmed by the IMF which in a report 2001 states \"Trade liberalization has contributed to a large increase in imports of rice. At the same time, domestic production has gone down substantially.\"\nSome argue that the resulting flood of relatively cheap rice imports originating mostly from the United States has had a negative impact on Haiti. The decline in the demand for Haitian rice has been devastating to an already desperate rural population. Rice farmers are some of the most vulnerable members of the population; the alternative employment options for farmers in Haiti are extremely limited.\nFurthermore, competition between Haitian and American rice growers is not exactly fair. While US rice production is \"subsidized through a variety of mechanisms\", the small, struggling domestic rice industry in Haiti receives no support from the government. Rice farmers do not receive export subsidies or other types of domestic support. According to Mark Weisbrot, Co-Director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research in Washington, \"You can't expect a country like Haiti to compete on world markets immediately. If you look at those countries that have succeeded in dramatically increasing their per capita incomes -- countries like Japan, South Koreas, and Taiwan -- you will find hey all did it under some kind of protection.\"\n[american.edu, Trade and the Disappearance of Haitian Rice, 6/2004]\nThe Haitian example is one of many. US corn exports increased dramatically as a result of NAFTA, which resulted in the flood of workers into the USA seeking what work they can get. Yet Mexico has expressed an interest in joining the TPP pact.\nCanada is reported to have shown an interest in the TPP at the APEC talks, after months of dragging its feet. Should Canada join, it would have to give up protection for its dairy and poultry industry. But because Japan may join the TPP, Canada may find other TPP countries may gain access to a lucrative Japanese market and displace Canadian exports. Canada may decide to kiss its chicken farmers goodbye and aim for the promises of a newly opened Japan.\nNowhere in the negotiations in Honolulu has the issue of job loss due to imports come up. Obama touts job gains for American workers but omits the losses caused by floods of cheap imports that destroy American industries. TPP would be NAFTA all over again, and arguably would mean net job losses in this country and in other signatory nations. Just what jobs will Japan offer to out-of-work farm families throughout its large rural population? The numbers touted by Obama and other leaders are always one-sided: exports will be boosted. The problem, of course, is the job devastation resulting from imports.\nPermalink posted by Larry @ 11/14/2011 08:05:00 AM\nMexico is another example of \"Free Trade\" destroying a countries ability to feed itself. Those former Mexican farmers are now roaming the streets of Mexico looking for work.\n# posted by Old Diver : November 14, 2011 at 10:13:00 AM HST\nI understand they roam Hawaii as well. Immigration attorneys have Spanish on their voicemails/email sigs.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line813313"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7309646606445312,"wiki_prob":0.26903533935546875,"text":"Jasienica Model United Nations JASMUN 2019\nKarolina Sasim\nDelegate: Karolina Sasim\nCommittee: Human Rights Council\nTopic: Addressing mass surveillance carried out by governments\nCountry: Republic of India\nHonourable chairs, distinguished delegates,\nthe delegate of Republic of India is honoured to take part in the conference on the subject: „ Addressing mass surveillance carried out by governments” and join Human Rights Council at the debate. In the name of government of India the delegation feels urged to do anything in its power to help finding a solution to this controversial problem. Republic of India has always been concerned about its people’s security but uses multiple measures of surveillance as it becomes more and more necessary with passing years.\nMass surveillance is the distributive close observation of an entire population, or a substantial fraction of the entire population. By its nature it impacts on people’s privacy and violates human rights in its core meaning. The definition of mass surveillance doesn’t only apply to government of a country’s citizen but also to governments of foreign nations. Surveillance is usually carried out by local and federal governments or organisations that come under the government of a country (like the NSA or FBI). Its purpose is to fight terrorism, prevent crime and","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1352512"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6454232335090637,"wiki_prob":0.6454232335090637,"text":"The Railroad That Wasn’t in Morris County\nBy new_view_media on December 10, 2021 No Comment\nOften the fugitive slave had the clothes on his back as his only possessions. (New Jersey Historical Commission)\nThe fear that traveled with the runaways was being captured and returned to the slave auction block. (Library of Congress)\nBy Henry M. Holden\nThe Underground Railroad is an epic American story featuring the forces of righteousness against evil, locked in a moral combat. The fight would eventually eliminate one of the greatest expressions of inhumanity: the ownership of one human by another.\nIn the years up to the start of the American Civil War (1861), New Jersey was a major route for slaves escaping their masters in the South. The legendary Underground Railroad (UGRR), which was neither underground nor a railroad, is preserved today at sites throughout the region including Morris County.\nMost Underground Railroad fugitive slaves came from Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. Most were males between the ages of 15 and 30, who traveled alone, by foot, horseback, wagon, stagecoach, train, and boat—and at night, often guided by the North Star.\nWhile most people have heard of the Underground Railroad, few people know that it came as far north as Sussex County. Most UGRR books list Jersey City as the railroad terminus.\nThere were people like Harriet Tubman who was a major figure in the Abolitionist movement. Maryland put a $40,000 bounty for her capture because she encouraged and strongly advocated freedom for the African slaves. She is credited with helping over 300 slaves reach freedom. She was never apprehended.\nThere was always a bounty on the head of the runaway slave, from $50 to $500, depending on the value of the slave as a chattel, as was the horse.\nUntil the outbreak of the Civil War, New Jersey continued to bear witness to the presence of runaway slaves. However, with the passage in 1804 of the New Jersey Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery, these fugitives saw New Jersey as part of the “Promised Land,” where they escaped their master’s lash, or worse.\nThere are several sites in Morris County which are documented by the New Jersey Historical Commission and listed as “Communities with extant Underground Railroad Sites.” Boonton and Boonton Township are two sites that are preserved.\nOne of the more conspicuous stops on the Underground Railroad was the Boonton home of abolitionist Dr. John Grimes. There, at the corner of Main and Liberty streets, the doctor harbored fugitive slaves, according to Grimes’ 1875 obituary in The Jerseyman. The railroad’s “Boonton Station,” is now home to a commercial business, and never was underground.\nBoonton was an epicenter of anti-slavery work. It was considered an important Underground Railroad link in the New Jersey chain that moved some 40,000 slaves north to freedom in Canada.\nGrimes lived there while publishing his monthly newspaper, The New Jersey Freeman, an abolitionist newspaper, and he sheltered runaway slaves in his home.\nThe Grimes Homestead, in Mountain Lakes, is one of the few documented physical remnants of the UGRR, and the Abolition movement of the 19th century in New Jersey.\nNear Grimes’ home, in neighboring Boonton Township, is another station, the Powerville Hotel. It was owned by Nathan Hopkins, whose son Charles became involved in the railroad as a teenager.\nHe chronicled his Underground Railroad experiences in the 1910 publication Boonton: Gem of the Mountain, which identified individuals and communities involved in the Boonton area’s Underground Railroad.\nHopkins indicated there were Underground Stations at Rockaway, Dover, Pequannock, Newfoundland, Stockholm, Canistear and Charlotteburg, areas at the convergence of Morris, Passaic and Sussex counties.\nIn the Northeastern part of the state, in Morris County, are Dover, Rockaway, Pompton Plaines, which were UGRR communities. However, there was no town called Randolph, until it was split off from Mendham in 1805, and it is there where a UGRR site and a probable extant building remains.\nFor decades a rumor floated that the (Quaker) Friends Meeting House (circa 1757) in Randolph was an Underground Railroad station. James Brotherton, a member of one of the founding families, speaking of his father Richard in A History of Randolph said, “Richard was a kindly man, often helping those in need. He felt that slavery was a great wrong and his house, along with the Quaker Meeting House became one of the stops on the Underground Railroad…”\nThe popular story states that fugitive slaves on the way to freedom in Canada, would stop and rest at the Brotherton house. Richard would feed them, clothe them, and give them a little ready cash, according to his son.\nTo protect these unfortunate persons from search and seizure by authorities, a secret passage from the Brotherton house to the Quaker Friends Meeting House supposedly existed. With the physical altering of the landscape by developers, it may never be known where exactly that secret passage was.\nShould the authorities enter the meeting house itself, with or without respect for the sanctuary, fugitive slaves could be concealed in the gallery with the “shutters” closed, or in a space under the seat where the elders sat.\nNo fugitive slave was ever reportedly recovered, and the number of slaves sheltered at the Friends Meeting house remains unknown.\nThe story is derived from Richard Brotherton, who is later repeated as a Newark News feature story.\nToday, the Brotherton house is gone, replaced by apartment houses. It is reasonable, based on the proximity of the apartment houses to the Friends Meeting House, that was within walking distance of the Brotherton house.\nThose slaves who were not rescued by the Underground Railroad would have to wait until the end of the Civil War and the ratification of the 13th Amendment, on December 6, 1865, for their freedom.\nThe Underground Railroad was for the slaves who had escaped the terror of recapture, an opportunity to befriend people who were sympathetic to their plight, and to live free.\nThe Railroad That Wasn’t in Morris County added by new_view_media on December 10, 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1481555"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7314342856407166,"wiki_prob":0.26856571435928345,"text":"Rhest for the Wicked and other books\nPosted byRobert V Aldrich March 24, 2014 Posted inBlog 2014Tags:Elsewhere on the Web, publishing, real world, rhest for the wicked, writing craft\nIn case you missed the announcement, Rhest For The Wicked is now available for the Kindle and other ebook readers, with the print version to come shortly (possibly this week). But that’s not all! Haven Publishing House, (aka my publisher) has also released The Pack by Dan Coglan and I Think? No, I’m Sure…God Hates Me by Manny Camacho. The Pack is a fantasy story, while God Hates Me is a collection of various tales about conventions and the wacky world surrounding conventions. Please check them both out…as well as Rhest For the Wicked, of course!\nAgain, these are all ebooks; the print editions will be available soon.\nI first published Crossworld in 2001, so it’s a weird experience being a ‘new author’ a second time around. Given the gap since my last novel came out, I feel like I’m almost starting my career over again. I’m not sure that’s a bad thing. In the intervening years since my first book, I’ve learned a lot about the industry. But it was always as an independent author. I failed more than I succeeded and I have the personal and professional scars to show for it. But I also had a lot of fun and got to realize a dream.\nNow signed with Haven, an indie company (and an upstart in its own right), it’s been interesting seeing many of the growing pains I went through when I was first published, only now on a company scale. It’s been a hell of a ride just getting to this point. But now that I/we are here, it’s like cresting a mountain. It’s been long, hard, and arduous, but now we get to look out over the possibility that lies ahead.\nThis is an incredibly exciting time; professional, artistically, and personally. Having the serials back online, being back in print, and now having a publishing house behind me, a new set of challenges and opportunities presents itself. It’s exciting, to say the least.\nFor those of you who have been here with me through it all, thank you for sticking by me. For those of you who are just now joining the adventure, welcome aboard. We’re just getting started and there’s a LOT of fun stuff on the way.\nAnd some of it will be showing up sooner than you think! 🙂\nTools of the Imagination — The Hobbit\nTools of the Imagination — Steins;Gate","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1875154"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.521817684173584,"wiki_prob":0.478182315826416,"text":"What does it mean when a guy says he wants you?\nIf a guy recently told you that he wants you, this post will show you likely reasons why and what you can do about them.\nSo, what does it mean when a guy says he wants you? Likely reasons why a guy will say that he wants you are that he is attracted to you, he wants to be more than just friends or that he is being dominant.\nThere are a number of possible reasons why a guy will say that he wants you. However, there are some things you can consider to help figure out the main cause.\nBelow are likely causes and what would make them more likely.\nThe reason why he said he wants you could be that he is attracted to you.\nThis would be more likely if he only said it to you, he said it when he was alone with you, he shows different body language around you than he does with other people and if he also says similar things only to you.\nIf he is attracted to you, it would be likely that he would show signs of being attracted to you, when he is around you, in his body language by doing things such as:\nGlancing at you a lot\nHaving dilated pupils when looking at you (people’s pupils will often become more dilated when looking at someone that they are attracted to)\nHe wants to be more than just friends\nIf he has been your friend for a while, the reason that he said he wants you could be that he wants to have more than just a friendship with you.\nIf he does want to be more than just friends he would likely show signs of being attracted to you and you might not have picked up on them.\nIf he did say it because he’s attracted to you, it would be especially likely that he would get anxious while you are with other men your age, that he would become defensive while they’re around you both and that he would base his schedule around yours.\nHe is being dominant\nThe cause might have been that he was being dominant. This would be more likely if he said it when you were both around other people.\nIf he was being dominating then he would be likely to show other signs of dominating behavior such as:\nTaking up lots of space\nTouching other people\nPutting his hands or feet on things that aren’t his\nTalking over people\nTalking loudly with a deeper voice\nTelling people to do things\nSquinting\nTight lips\nTension in the jaw\nWhen trying to figure out why he said that he wants you and how he feels about you it would help to consider how he reacts to seeing you.\nIf he, noticeably, changes his body language and behavior then it would make it more likely that he has particularly good feelings for you.\nIf he reacts to seeing you by doing things such as:\nThen it would be more likely that he said that he is attracted to you because he is attracted to you.\nConsider when and where he said that he wants you\nThe timing of when he said that he wants you would be something to consider.\nIf he said it when you were around other people, it would make it more likely that he was saying it because he was being dominant. He might also have said it because he was trying to make someone else jealous which would be more likely if he said it when there were other girls with you both.\nIf he said it to you when you were alone with him then it would make it more likely that he was showing attraction to you.\nPeople can show certain body language signs naturally. This is why it would help to compare how he interacts with you with how he interacts with other people.\nIf he shows the same body language around his other friends as he does with you, it would make it more likely that he said it because he considers you as a friend.\nWhereas, if he shows different body language around you then it would make it more likely that he said he wants you because he is attracted to you and he wants to date you.\nLook for a number of body language clues\nWhen considering what he could be showing with his body language it would help to consider multiple signs at the same time.\nThe reason for this is that a single body language sign can have many different meanings. This can cause single body language signs to be less reliable on their own.\nWhereas, if someone shows a number of body language signs that all suggest the same thing then it would make it more likely that they are showing them for that reason.\nWhen a guy gets jealous what does it mean?\nWhat does it mean when a guy makes you laugh?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1068821"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7426546812057495,"wiki_prob":0.2573453187942505,"text":"Webinar – Joint ESIL IG on the EU as a Global Actor/ ILAG Workshop\nJune 3, 2020 HD IG Events\nThe City Law School, International Law and Affairs Group (ILAG) and the ESIL Interest Group on the EU as a Global Actor will host a webinar on ‘The European Union’s External Action and International Law: A View From the Outside’ on 12 June 2020.\nHow is the European Union and its external action viewed from the ‘outside’? As the European Union’s external action continues to expand and evolve, this raises ever more questions about how such practice fits within the state-centric system of international law.\nSome practices in the EU’s external action have been criticised as examples of ‘European exceptionalism’, in which the EU receives exceptions from its international partners. The use of disconnection clauses in international agreements; the EU’s insistence that the autonomy of the EU legal order be preserved in dispute settlement bodies; the practice of concluding mixed agreements; among others, have raised concerns for the EU’s external partners. In these instances, the EU seeks certain exceptions under international law to take account the EU’s internal law. The EU’s external action has also attracted certain criticism from international lawyers who have pointed to fields of EU action may contravene international law.\nWhile much of this has been considered from the ‘internal’ perspective, especially by EU law experts, there has been less reflection on how the EU and its external action is viewed from the ‘outside’. This event understands ‘outside’ as a broad term to include opinions and approaches from outside the EU geographically, but also in terms of academic discipline. It may also involve critical and non-Western approaches to the understanding the EU’s external action. The event aims to open up the study of the EU’s external action to outside reactions and perspectives.\nParticipation in this webinar is possible for a limited number of participants. Please register to receive a link (in case you decide not to participate after all, please let us know as soon as possible to allow for your place to be used by someone else).\nCALL FOR PAPERS (now closed)\nESIL 2019 Annual Conference Report\nNew Journal – European Convention on Human Rights Law Review","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1670690"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7813354134559631,"wiki_prob":0.7813354134559631,"text":"Xi Jinping targets serious inequality in China’s “Gilded Age”\nChina Social Update\nRegister for myFT Daily Digest to learn about Chinese social news for the first time.\nThe new style of egalitarianism sweeping China will never work Kweichow Moutai, The manufacturer of spirits. The problem is not only that drunk business banquets were officially labeled “disgusting”, or there was a corruption case involving an official bribes 4,000 bottles of wine.\nA deeper problem is that the company found itself on the wrong side of China’s latest great social enterprise. It took four years to create one of the most unequal societies on the planet, and Beijing is now attracted by the slogan of “common prosperity”—or, in other words, redistributing the spoils to hundreds of millions of poor people.\nMoutai, drunk in a small glass, costs thousands of dollars a bottle, and has always been a spicy symbol of China’s “gilded age”. Toasting helps to consolidate the comfortable symbiotic relationship between elite traders and government officials, creating amazing wealth for a few charming people.\nTherefore, the recent sharp reversal of the fate of Kweichow Moutai may herald the scale of the social engineering project in the minds of President Xi Jinping. The market value of the world’s most valued beverage company has shrunk by US$207 billion since its peak in early February-more than the combined market value of Suntory in Japan and Heineken in the Netherlands.\n“The way the Chinese Communist Party views its legitimacy has changed drastically,” said Yu Jie, a researcher at the Chatham Institute, a think tank in London. “Xi Jinping is solving the suffering of ordinary people due to uneven income distribution and the inability to equal access to basic social welfare and certain services.”\nA committee led by Xi Call for this week. It stated that China will “regulate excessively high incomes and encourage high-income groups and enterprises to give back to society more.” For a long time, the party allowed some people and regions to “get rich first,” but now it puts “common prosperity” first.\nYu said that the key lies in the social contract between the CCP and the Chinese people. “If the party defends the current status quo, which is clearly unfair in the distribution of wealth and opportunities, the trust of ordinary people will collapse.”\nBut the task before Beijing is huge. Last year, the number of Chinese billionaires reached 1,058, surpassing the 696 in the United States. Hurun Global Rich ListHowever, about 600 million Chinese live on a monthly income of about 1,000 yuan ($154).\nDetailed information on how and at what speed China plans to resolve such inequality issues is sketchy or non-existent. But it is clear that some of China’s wealthiest private entrepreneurs are all aiming.Tens of billions of dollars have been wiped out of the tycoon’s wealth, such as Ma YunAlibaba founder Ma Huateng and Tencent founder Ma Huateng, because the new regulations depressed their company’s stock price.\nThe reaction of some savvy entrepreneurs is to fall behind Beijing’s agenda. Wang Xing, the founder of the food delivery group Meituan, donated US$2.3 billion to a charity fund that supports education and science. Tencent announces the establishment of a $7.7 billion fund Committed to “common prosperity”, it defines it as increasing the income of low-income groups, health care coverage, rural economic development, and education for disadvantaged students. “As a Chinese technology company blessed by China’s reform and opening up, Tencent has been thinking about how to use its technology and digital power to help society develop,” the company said.\nOther potential measures to narrow the gap between rich and poor in China may include major changes to the tax law.Loose tax treatment for technology companies may be completely or partially removed, forcing them to be closer to The national corporate tax rate is 25%, The analyst said. Another measure under consideration is the collection of property sales tax.\nBut no matter what specific measures are taken, the overall policy direction is firm. This is because of the special way the party issues and formulates its rules.\nAt the 19th CPC National Congress in 2017, Xi Announce the change In the party’s “main contradiction”-the philosophy that guides all its efforts. The previous concept formulated in 1981 emphasized accelerating economic growth. Since 2017, the party has focused on reducing the inequality that threatens its legitimacy and improving the quality of life of the people.\nChinese analysts say it took Xi Jinping four years to fully support the new policy direction, but he now seems determined. At the 20th Party Congress to be held next year, he must show the progress he has made in achieving his newly set goals.\nHowever, Yuen Yuen Ang, an associate professor at the University of Michigan, said that overall, the clearest way to understand what is happening in China is to compare it with the history of the United States in the 19th century.\nThe Gilded Age lasted approximately from 1870 to 1900. As millions of impoverished immigrants arrived in the United States, wealth was concentrated in the hands of powerful industrialists. This was a period of rapid growth and severe inequality.That period gave way to Progressive age, An era of extensive social and political reforms. “Xi Jinping is trying to summon China’s own progressive era,” Ang said.\nSaudi Arabia’s ambitious climate plan is difficult to take off\nThis year, when Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman …\nCoronavirus Update: Due to the exponential increase in cases, Louisiana has instituted mask requirements\nSan Francisco and the other six counties in …\nAs Vietnam intensifies Brazil’s woes, coffee roasters bitterly brew\nAgricultural products update Sign up for myFT Daily …","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1411065"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.60465008020401,"wiki_prob":0.60465008020401,"text":"According to a UNICEF report, armed groups most often recruit children in West and Central Africa\nAfrica – Children in West and Central Africa have become the most recruited by armed organizations, with the largest number of sexual abuse victims in the world, according to a new report released Tuesday by the United Nations Children’s Fund. According to the report, the region has seen an increase in the number of new and protracted conflicts over the last five years, with more than 21,000 children recruited by government forces and armed groups, more than 2,200 victims of sexual violence, and more than 3,500 abducted, making it the world’s second most abducted region.\n“We have the largest number of children in our region that have been recruited and used by armed groups.” We have the largest number of youngsters who have been sexually abused or raped. We are the second region in which children have been kidnapped. “ The Associated Press spoke with Marie-Pierre Poirier, UNICEF’s regional director for West and Central Africa. Because these infractions are cumulative, it is quite rare for a child to be subjected to just one of them, she said. Since the United Nations developed a system to monitor and report on grave breaches against minors, such as recruitment, abduction, rape, and attacks on schools and hospitals in 2005, West and Central Africa have committed one out of every four violations worldwide.\nAccording to the United Nations, violence has had devastating humanitarian consequences for children and communities in conflict-affected countries such as the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Sahel and Lake Chad Basin regions, with the pandemic exacerbating the situation. As a result of conflict and the coronavirus, more than 57 million children require humanitarian aid, a number that has risen since last year. While the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has the highest rate of children recruited and employed by armed groups in the world and where children are in a particularly vulnerable position, UNICEF is concerned about the situation in other countries.\nBurkina Faso’s President appoints a new Prime Minister\nGuinea: President Alpha Conde Takes Coronavirus Vaccine\nIn Nigeria, gunmen abducted 73 students just days after another group was released\nIn the Central African Republic, palm wine benefits the economy\nKenya: Parents Financially Handicapped As Schools Reopens\nLocals from Goma region, Africa leave as volcano tremors continue\nMozambique: “Over 30,000 May Be Affected By Floods” – INGRD\nSouth Sudan set to campaign against child marriage\n“The DRC continues to account for 71% of all recruitment and utilization of children in armed conflicts. However, Mali and the Central African Republic have seen the most rapid growth in recent years, “Poirier explained. For nearly a decade or more, some countries have been a source of concern. This year, Cameroon, Burkina Faso, and the Lake Chad Basin were added to the United Nations’ annual report on children and armed conflict. The report emphasizes the issue of armed organizations recruiting or kidnapping girls. According to the survey, they account for 30 to 40 percent of the children in those groups’ care, and they are the ones who have experienced the most rape and sexual assault.\n“The majority of the victims of rape and sexual abuse are females,” the UNICEF regional director noted, “but these girls have great hesitancy even after they flee, even when they are reintegrated.” Many people are hesitant to seek help, and many people are hesitant to use services because of the enormous shame connected with what occurred to them. The United Nations is urging parties to the conflict to prevent and end violations against children, to hold perpetrators accountable, and for aid organizations to increase documentation of violations, as well as prevent and respond to them, by providing not only health and education, but also psychological support.\nMore than $92 million is needed for child protection in emergencies across West and Central Africa, with more than half of that amount still unfunded. Poirier stated, “The situation is basically snowballing in the wrong direction.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line738457"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8320657014846802,"wiki_prob":0.8320657014846802,"text":"Russell Crowe in “Fathers and Daughters” by Gabriele Muccino 18/10/2013 15:24 (By Etienne Jean de la PERLE)\nRussell Crowe in “Fathers and Daughters” by Gabriele Muccino\n“Fathers and Daughters”, the drama film to be directed by Gabriele Muccino for Voltage films will have Russell Crowe (The Gladiator, A Beautiful Mind, The Man of Steel) in the main role.\nBeing one of Hollywood’s most talented actors, Russell Crowe is will be able to play this role with much dexterity. Before he is seen in “Fathers and Daughters”, his fans will be able to see him in Darren Aronofsky’s “Noah”.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" />\nRussell Crowe being selected to be one of the two main characters of this film is no coincidence. The team being built by Voltage for this project is very specific. Muccino, for example, is the director who has delivered such films as “Seven Pounds” and “The Pursuit of Happyness”. It is therefore a given that “Fathers and Daughters” will be a very potent drama film.\nWhen speaking about Russell Crowe’s involvement in “Fathers and Daughters”, Muccino said: “This is a performance-driven movie, and therefore I couldn’t ask for a better actor than Russell to deliver this intensely emotional drama. It’s edgy, heart-wrenching, and uplifting at the same time. To me, it feels like a classic American movie that recalls the great character dramas of the 70s like Kramer vs. Kramer and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest.”\nThe role of the daughter, the secondprotagonist of the movie, has not yet been allocated. However, according to Deadline.com, it will go to a high profile actress. There have not yet been any rumours regarding this role, but it will surely not be long before they start!\nTypos: russelcrowe, russell crow, fathers and dorters, faathers and daughters\nRussell Crowe official Twitter page\nImage credit:©AFP PHOTO / Robyn Beck","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1383178"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9789068102836609,"wiki_prob":0.9789068102836609,"text":"Kenya: Leading By Example\nAfrica In Fact (Johannesburg)\nanalysis By Mark Kapchanga\nOnyango Okoth was diagnosed with COVID-19 on 14 July after he visited a hospital in Kisumu for what he claims was a routine medical check. The father of four, who works as a fisherman in Lake Victoria in the western part of Kenya, says he had experienced shortness of breath and high fever the previous day, prompting him to look for treatment. \"After receiving initial medical assistance, I was advised to go back home as the hospital facilities were packed,\" says Okoth. \"The doctors said I was to self-isolate for at least 14 days.\" But Okoth, 45, did not know where to start; he'd never heard of self-care. \"It was a long, tough and draining struggle with my meagre resources, which had to compete for food, medical equipment and sanitary products,\" he told Africa in Fact. Faced with this financial pressure, he says he opted to look for alternative and affordable solutions, particularly a special bed that he had been advised to obtain. Okoth's story mirrors the daily struggle of many Kenyans in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.\nWhile more than 30,000 Kenyans had contracted the disease by the first week of September, and there had been 581 deaths, many people had also lost their livelihoods, which has translated to escalated poverty rates. On 1 September, the Kenya Bureau of Statistics said in its Quarterly Labour Force report that unemployment had increased to 10.4% between April and June 2020 compared to the 5.2% recorded in the first quarter of 2020. But even though the crisis has meant sweeping changes to Kenyan society, daily routines and work life, it has also acted as a powerful driver of creative thought and innovation, especially among young people. \"As much as we are working around the clock to ensure Kenyans adhere to the COVID-19 protocols and guidelines to contain its spread, we are also challenging young people to come up with innovations in response to the outbreak to stimulate economic and job growth,\" says Julius Korir, the Principal Secretary, State Department for Youth.\nAmong the eight innovators was Gordon Ogutu, 34, from Nairobi's Githurai slums, who turned to YouTube to learn how critical care beds could be made and improvised locally to fit the demands of the market for people like Onyango Okoth. Ogutu says it was his anger that the Kenyan government was spending billions of shillings to import critical care beds that inspired him to come up with a local solution. Using the know-how he gathered from YouTube, he now makes critical care beds from locally assembled materials. Celebrating the creativity of Ogutu's work during the event, WHO regional innovation advisor Moredreck Chibi said they aimed at continuing to integrate African innovators into the regional COVID-19 response strategy. Ogutu's metal critical care beds are designed to provide comfort and safety to both the patient and the caregiver. The design includes a release feature that allows medical teams to flatten the bed at the push of a button or lever and IV poles with hooks to hang fluids and other medication administered via a drip.\nKenyan fashion desiner of \"Lookslikeavido\" David Avido, 24, creates masks from remnant of cloth he uses, to hand out to people for free so that they can wear it as a preventive measure against the COVID-19 coronavirus, in Kibera, Nairobi, on March 18, 2020. (Photo by Gordwin ODHIAMBO / AFP)\nThe beds also have removable heads and footboards, which lock safely into place allowing caregivers to tilt the bed and also to adjust the height. \"If they (western countries) can do it, then I knew I could also, perhaps even better,\" says Ogutu, who graduated from the Kenya Polytechnic in industrial chemistry in 2010. \"I gained a lot of knowledge from various online platforms; it was not as complex as I had thought initially.\" He told Africa in Fact that the demand for his beds had grown exponentially, with small hospitals as well individuals among his customers. \"Impressed by my workmanship, customers have come from as far as 500 km away to order their beds. As a result, I have expanded my workshop labour pool to six, sometimes as many as 15 depending on the orders to be made.\" Among his individual customers is Michael Ndwiga, 54, from Embu in central Kenya, who in June had two suspected COVID-19 cases in his family.\nHe says he purchased the locally made critical care beds from Ogutu after the government announced the plan for patients to be looked after at home due to congestion in hospitals. \"Apart from being affordable, they are of good quality, and (quite) similar to those that are imported from abroad,\" he said. Ogutu hopes to benefit from President Uhuru Kenyatta's call on 15 July, which instructed the government to procure 500 hospital beds from local innovators. \"The locally made critical care beds are a vital aid to public hospitals that are reeling under the pressure of COVID-19-related admissions,\" President Kenyatta said then. The opportunities arising from the pandemic for young innovators have extended beyond critical care beds to locally made surgical masks, which were initially imported, at a relatively higher cost, from the United States, Europe and Asia.\nDavid Avido, 24, a designer and proprietor of the LooksLikeAvido, a Kibrabased fashion firm that focuses on African fabrics, says he took matters into his own hands to produce masks for the people of the Kibra slums after he realised the gravity of the coronavirus. Unlike other businesses driven by return on investment, he told Africa in Fact that he makes and distributes the masks for free. Since March, Avido said, he had distributed more than 20,000 of the items. For his philanthropy, Avido has received a special commendation from President Kenyatta, listed in the 2020 Presidential Citations Order for Outstanding Professionals in Kenya's response to the coronavirus pandemic. Also among the 68 on the list for the Presidential Order of Service - Uzalendo Award was nine-year-old Stephen Wamukota from Mukwa in Bungoma, western Kenya, who came up with a wooden hand-washing machine to help check the spread of coronavirus.\nTop Headlines Kenya Coronavirus Innovation\nWamukota, who came up with the idea after learning on television about ways to prevent catching the virus, says the machine allows users to tip a bucket of water using a foot pedal to avoid touching surfaces, thus reducing the chance of infections. In a bid to enhance innovation, Deputy President William Ruto, in a 24 July tweet, said the government would step up the mentoring and resourcing of micro-, small- and medium-sized businesses and startups \"with an appreciation that they are the arteries of our development\". He noted that, due to the biting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy, the government would support and forge partnerships with creative entrepreneurs and businesses, big and small, to support their sustainable growth. Young people across Africa, he said, were exposed to environments that encouraged innovation.\n\"No doubt in the near future, given proper attention and the right environment, Africa will be the centre of global innovations and inventions, where even vaccines for stubborn pandemics like COVID-19 can be found,\" he said.\nRead the original article on Africa In Fact.\nCopyright © 2021 Africa In Fact. All rights reserved. Distributed by AllAfrica Global Media (allAfrica.com). To contact the copyright holder directly for corrections — or for permission to republish or make other authorized use of this material, click here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line377820"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6289456486701965,"wiki_prob":0.37105435132980347,"text":"Laboratory Techniques, Protocols, Science\nClinical Cytogenetics – Pt.1: A study of chromosomal aberrations\nAs we know, cytogenetics is the study of chromosomal structure and behavior by using different staining techniques. In the year 1962, Lejeune proved Waardenburg’s hypothesis (the cause of Down syndrome could be a chromosomal aberration) by reporting the first case of syndrome due to chromosomal aberrations. It was a major breakthrough in cytogenetics research.\nWith the discovery of the chromosome and related syndromes, researchers wanted to dive deep into the structural and behavioral details of chromosomes. The introduction of cytogenetics helped researchers to study the chromosomes by using color technologies. Later, research advancement bifurcated cytogenetics into molecular and clinical cytogenetics. Molecular cytogenetics refers to the study of chromosomes at the molecular level whereas clinical cytogenetics deals with the study of chromosomal aberrations and related disorders.\nAfter the first report of Down’s syndrome, it didn’t take long to detect several other syndromes due to chromosomal aberrations. Clinical cytogenetics became a very crucial field to study these diseases and their treatments. Different techniques were developed to study the chromosomal aberrations such as Karyotyping, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), Combined genomic hybridization (CGH), and Multiplex-Fluorescent in situ hybridization(M-FISH).\nIn this article, we will study variant chromosomal syndromes/diseases (for example, Down’s syndrome and turner’s syndrome) due to different chromosomal aberrations (for example aneuploidy and polyploidy), and represent the different techniques that are used to study these diseases.\nClinical Cytogenetics\nClinical cytogenetics is the branch of cytogenetics that deals with the study of diseases due to chromosomal abnormalities to find the medication of different genetic disorders. It is a major area of concern for researchers, as it is difficult to prevent and find a cure for genetic disorders.\nFew categories of chromosomal aberrations are given below:\nAutosomal aneuploidy\nStructural chromosome rearrangements\nSex chromosomal disorders\nPrenatal cytogenetics\nChromosome instability.\nLet’s look at the first three categories and their examples one by one, which should give you an overview of how chromosomal aberrations occur and what diseases they cause. The remaining categories are discussed in part-2 of this article.\n1. Autosomal aneuploidy\nEuploidy is defined as the presence of a complete set of chromosomes in an organism. Any deviation from the normal number of chromosomes in somatic cells (excluding sex chromosomes) leads to a condition called autosomal aneuploidy. Aneuploidy results in an extra (trisomy) or missing chromosome and is a common cause of genetic or birth disorders.\nIt is estimated that there are 0.2% chances of occurrence of autosomal aneuploidy in newborns. It is also observed that the total estimation of the occurrence of autosomal aneuploidy in different chromosomes ranges between 0.26–0.34%. The most common abnormalities are the result of an extra chromosome in chromosomes 21, 18, and 13. Compared to all the other chromosomes, chromosome 21 was found to have a higher frequency of about 0.29% for the occurrence of aberrations. These studies were done by using cytogenetic techniques like Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and Primed in situ labeling (PRINS).\nMechanism of Aberrations\nThe major cause of the occurrence of aberrations in the chromosomes is Nondisjunction. It is defined as the failure of the separation of chromosomes/chromatids during Meiosis I/Meiosis II. Nondisjunction is mostly observed to occur during meiosis I. The nondisjunctions can be studied by using techniques such as FISH and M-FISH in cells undergoing division.\nFigure: The image shows how nondisjunction in the chromosomes during meiosis I and meiosis II lead to aneuploidy conditions in the cells. Source: http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/sun/v26n1/v26n1a12.pdf\nTrisomy, in autosomal aneuploidy, refers to the presence of three copies of a particular chromosome instead of two copies, as usual.\nExample of Autosomal trisomies\nTrisomy of chromosome 21 , 95% of the time, causes Down’s syndrome. It was estimated that Down’s syndrome occurs more in males compared to females in the ratio of 1.2:1 (this study was done by using the multicolor FISH technique). It was also estimated that the trisomy 21 in newborns is associated with maternal age. The other abnormalities due to trisomy 21 are Robertsonian translocation and mosaicism. By using the karyotype technique, the trisomy of the chromosome can be observed.\nThe phenotype of down’s syndrome includes craniofacial appearance, flat nasal bridge, small-mouth, thick lips, and protruding tongue. Hands and legs small, having palmar crease; the child also shows short stature and mental retardation.\nTrisomy of chromosome 18 causes Edward’s syndrome; named after the scientist Edward whose team first described this disease. This disease is found in 1 in 6000-8000 births and most likely to occur in females rather than males in the ratio of 1:3-4.\nThe phenotype of Edward’s syndrome includes craniofacial dysmorphism, cardiac anomaly, mental retardation, small-mouth, and clenched hands. It is estimated that the frequency of survival of the child (with trisomy 18) for up to 1 week ranges between 25-35% and 10% or less only survive for at most one year.\nTrisomy of chromosome 13 causes Patau’s syndrome; named after the scientist Patau whose team first described the disease. This occurs in 1 in 12,000 births and chances of occurrence is more in females than males. It is found that the chances of occurrence of this syndrome in the fetus increase with maternal age.\nThe phenotype of this disease includes microcephaly, defective scalp, hernia, polydactyly, cardiac anomaly, polycystic kidneys, mental retardation, and bicornuate uterus. The chances of survival of the child (with trisomy 18) are 5% (for up to 6 months). In maximum cases, it is observed that the newborn could not survive more than 3-7 days.\n2. Structural chromosome rearrangements\nStructural chromosome rearrangement is defined as relocation/reordering of a part of a chromosome from its own location to the other part of the same/other chromosomes, or it can also occur due to gain or loss of a part of the chromosome. The structural rearrangements are of different types which include: deletion, insertion, inversion, translocation, isochromosome, and ring chromosome.\nMechanism of rearrangements\nChromosomal rearrangements occur due to the exchange of regions between non-sister chromatids or non-homologous chromosomes.\nFigure: The image shows all forms of structural rearrangements of the chromosome. Source: DOI:10.1016/b978-0-323-35775-3.00001-1\nExamples of structural chromosome rearrangements\na. Deletions\nDeletion is the loss of genetic material of a chromosome of an organism. But, not all losses of the chromosomal region lead to abnormalities, i.e. the loss of region od short arm of the acrocentric region and the loss of gene-poor region do not show any major abnormalities or differences in the phenotype of an organism. High resolution molecular cytogenetic techniques are needed to visualize the deleted region of a chromosome.\nFew examples of deletions that result in disease conditions are given below:\nWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: This condition arises due to a deletion in the short arm of chromosome 4 . The phenotype includes mental retardation, cardiomyopathy, hypotonia, growth delay, flat nose bridge, and seizures.\nCri du chat syndrome: This disease occurs due to the loss of a chromosomal region from the short arm of the 5th chromosome . The phenotype includes infant crying like a cat, mental retardation, growth delay, and hypertelorism.\nWilliams syndrome: This disease arises due to the loss of region 3 from the long arm of chromosome 7 . The phenotype includes short stature, mental retardation, hypercalcemia, hoarse voice, and stellate pattern in the iris.\nb. Duplication\nDuplication is the gain of a region of a chromosome (an extra copy of the genomic segment) of an organism. Duplications are of two types: direct and inverted. Direct duplications are a copy of a segment of a chromosome in the same order as it exists in the normal chromosome. Inverted duplications are a copy of a chromosomal segment in the opposite/reverse order. Duplications of a segment are generally less severe than the deletion of a segment of a chromosome.\nSome of the diseases that are caused due to duplication of a segment of a chromosome are listed below:\nBeckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: This disease occurs due to the duplication of the 15th region of the short arm of chromosome 11 . The phenotype of the disease includes hypoglycemia, ear creases, macrosomia, susceptible to the tumor, and learning difficulties.\nPallister-Killian syndrome: This disease occurs due to the duplication of a region of the short arm of chromosome 12 (mosaic tetrasomy) . The phenotype includes hyper or hypopigmentation, mental retardation, prominent forehead, and protruding lower lip.\nPotocki-Lupski syndrome: This disease occurs due to the duplication of the 11th region of the short arm of chromosome 7 . The phenotype of this disease includes hypotonia, cardiac anomalies, mental retardation, abnormal behavior, and dysmorphic features.\nc. Inversions\nInversion is a type of structural rearrangement in which a segment of a chromosome breaks at two places and then rejoins in an opposite/reverse order. Inversions are of two types: pericentric and paracentric. Pericentric inversions involve centromere and the inversion in the segment changes the banding pattern of the chromosome and centromeric position (two breaks on the two sides of centromere). Paracentric inversion does not involve centromere and the two breaks occur on the same side of centromere.\nThe inversions in the chromosomes can be studied by using banding techniques (karyotype or multicolor/karyotyping). The examples of Inversions are: inv(3)(p25q21), inv(5)(p13q13), and inv(2)(p12q13).\nSome of the disorders caused due to inversions in the chromosomes are given below:\nHemophilia A: This disease occurs due to the homologous recombination between gene A (located within intron 2) and a segment of other copy of gene A (located 500 Kb telomeric position). This recombination creates a defect in factor VIII gene which is present at the long arm of the X chromosome. This causes Hemophilia A.\nHunter Syndrome (or mucopolysaccharidosis type II): This disease occurs due to the homologous intrachromosomal recombination between two locus of the X chromosome, which are IDS and IDS-2 loci. The recombination causes improper functioning of the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase that leads to a lysosomal storage disorder.\nd. Translocation\nTranslocations are the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes. It is of two types: reciprocal and non-reciprocal translocation. Reciprocal translocation is the exchange of a part of a chromosome with the other non-homologous chromosome. This generates two mutations or translocated chromosomes in one event. The non-reciprocal chromosome is a direct (one way) transfer of a part of the chromosome from one chromosome to the other.\nThere are two types of segregation involved in the meiosis event of heterozygote (which include translocated chromosome and normal chromosome) and they are adjacent segregation and alternate segregation. The adjacent segregation (segregation of chromosomes by the side/adjacent to the other chromosome) generates inviable products because of the presence of duplicated or deleted regions in the chromosome. The alternate segregation (segregation of chromosomes alternates to each other) generate viable products.\nRobertsonian translocation\nThis is a type of reciprocal translocation that involves two acrocentric chromosomes. In this translocation, breaks occur near the centromere that affects the short arm of both the chromosomes. The transfer of a segment takes place between both the chromosome that generate one very large chromosome and one very short chromosome. This pattern of translocation has been seen between chromosomes 13 and 14, 14 and 21, and 14 and 15.\nThe abnormalities related to the translocations of chromosomes are given below:\nBurkitt’s lymphoma: This disease occurs due to the translocation of a region of chromosome 8 that contains the Myc gene to chromosome 14. The translocation disturbs the normal functioning of the Myc gene to control cell growth and proliferation. The overexpression of the Myc gene occurs that leads to cancer.\nChronic myeloid leukemia: This is a type of cancer that occurs due to the transfer of a segment from chromosome 9 that contains the BCR gene to chromosomes 22. This translocation causes an abnormal fusion between BCR and ABL (located at chromosome 22) and causes cancer.\ne. Isochromosome and ring chromosome\nIsochromosome is a type of structural rearrangement of chromosomes in which the centromere is divided transversely rather than longitudinally. This way, the two copies of the chromosome arms look like mirror images of each other.\nA ring chromosome is formed when two breaks occur in a chromosome, giving rise to two sticky ends that reunite to form a ring.\n3. Sex chromosomal disorders\nThe sex chromosome (X and Y) contains hereditary information and decides the gender of an organism. The abnormalities of the sex chromosomes are less severe than the autosomal aneuploidies but are most common among living beings. It is estimated that the numerical abnormality of the sex chromosome occurs at the frequency of 1 in 500 births.\nFew examples of the numerical abnormality of the sex chromosome are explained below, in brief:\nTurner syndrome: This disease appears due to one missing X-chromosome . The frequency of occurrence of this disease is 1 in 2500 births. The phenotype of this disease includes congenital heart anomaly, neck webbing, edema in hand and leg, and renal anomaly. An adult having this disease will have short stature, dysmorphic features, and ovarian failure.\nKlinefelter syndrome: This was the first identified sex chromosome disorder. This disease results due to the appearance of an extra X chromosome. The frequency of its occurrence is estimated to be 1 in 575-1000 newborn males. The phenotype of this disease includes small testicles and penile, infertility, pear-shaped hips, gynecomastia, and decreased facial and body hair.\nThere are more numerical disorders of sex chromosome such as XXX, XXXY, and XXYY. All these disorders are studied by the Karyotyping technique, which helps the researcher to have a clear view of the genome of an organism and detect the numerical abnormalities.\nCytogenetic techniques are crucial in helping researchers to have a deep insight into the structure and function of the chromosome. Clinical cytogenetics provides information regarding chromosomal disorders, the cause of the disease, and helps the doctors in genetics counseling. It is also helpful in finding the cure of the disease and to diagnose and monitor the effects of treatments (such as in the case of cancer). There is a huge scope of evolution of this technique and the combination of high throughput technologies can provide precise and high-resolution results in the future.\nSo far, we looked into the structural and numerical chromosomal disorders and the diseases they cause. In Clinical Cytogenetics – Pt. 2, we discuss prenatal cytogenetics, the cause of spontaneous abortions, and how it helps in detecting diseases in the fetus, as well as in the process of genetic counseling.\nBondeson, M.-L., Dahl, N., Malmgren, H., Kleijer, W. J., Tönnesen, T., Carlberg, B.-M., & Pettersson, U. (1995). Inversion of the IDS gene resulting from recombination with IDS-related sequences in a common cause of the Hunter syndrome. Human Molecular Genetics, 4(4), 615–621. DOI:10.1093/hmg/4.4.615\nGersen Steven L. and Keagle Martha B. (2013). The Principles of Clinical Cytogenetics (3rd ed.), Springer, New York.\nMiller, M. A., & Zachary, J. F. (2017). Mechanisms and Morphology of Cellular Injury, Adaptation, and Death1. Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 2–43.e19. DOI:10.1016/b978-0-323-35775-3.00001-1\nMostapha Ahmad, Silvera-Redondo C., Muna Hamdan Rodríguez (2010). Nondisjunction and chromosomal anomalies. Salud Uninorte, 26 (1): 117-133.\nRosslter, J. P., Young, M., Kimberland, M. L., Hutter, P., Ketterling, R. P., Gitschier, J., and Antonarakis, S. E. (1994). Factor VIII gene inversions causing severe hemophilia A originate almost exclusively in male germ cells. Human Molecular Genetics, 3(7), 1035–1039. DOI:10.1093/hmg/3.7.1035\nAnjali Singh is a freelance writer. Following her passion for science and research, she did her Master’s in Plant Biology and Biotechnology from the University of Hyderabad, India. She has a strong research background in Plant Sciences with expertise in Molecular techniques, Tissue culture, and Biochemical Assays. In her free time outside work, she likes to read fictional books, sketch, or write poems. In the future, she aspires to pursue a doctorate in Cancer Biology while continuing her excellence as a scientific writer.\nInverted Light Microscope: A Comprehensive Guide for Students of Microbiology and Laboratory Technicians\nA microscope is an essential tool that is used in most laboratories. We would know nothing about the microorganisms around us if this incredible instrument\nLab Basics\nComprehensive Pipette Guide\nNeed Pipettes for your Lab? Click here As an Amazon Associate Conductscience Inc earns revenue from qualifying purchases The modern pipette has had a colorful\nAnimal Identification Techniques\nScientific investigations, preclinical research, and pharmacological studies use a number of laboratory animals as subjects. Therefore, proper animal identification becomes the necessity. Animal identification techniques\nThe Light Microscope\nIntroduction The light or optical microscope is a common lab tool that can be used to visualize structures with sizes below that which can be","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1246364"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.528407871723175,"wiki_prob":0.47159212827682495,"text":"Biblioctopus was conceived in the mid 1970s by Mark J. Hime, they published their first Catalog (Biblioasis One) on May 1, 1980, exhibited at their first bookfair in 1981, and continue to do both to this day.\nThe back story is dull but here is a terse recounting. Mark was born in Los Angeles (1944), was always immature compared to his peers, graduated high school in 1961, attended Santa Monica City College and U.C.L.A. and after 2 years of playing hard and studying little drifted into his father’s fine jewelry business (Marvin Hime & Co., Beverly Hills) where he worked (again off and on, and without aims) throughout the 1960s. As the ‘60s disintegrated he circled southern California with his girlfriend of the moment (Melissa Montgomery, 1948–) looking for a place to live where they could try to grow up, away from the turmoil that had fallen upon their generation. By 1972 they had settled in Idyllwild, California, a small forest town of 2,000, surrounded by National and State Park land, half way up Mt. San Jacinto (10,834 feet at the peak). They married in 1973, made babies in 1974 (Jennefer) and 1976 (Adam) and recognized that sleepy Idyllwild would not supply a reasonable source of income, so they would have to find some way to support themselves with money made in the wider world. A simple (purely practical) search began for the most expensive thing per pound that was traditionally sold by catalog, and delivered through the mail. They compromised their criteria by adding to their initial principles, that their product be something they liked and respected, and for which, perhaps, they would be liked and respected, and thus was conceived, Biblioctopus and its 1st editions of the classics of fiction. By 1984 they were book–world famous (something like being the prettiest girl in Antarctica), in 1987 they had a third child (Alexandre), in 1991 they opened a new location (Beverly Hills) so as to be more accessible to collectors, divorced in 2001, and under the leadership of Jennefer and the directorship of Alexandre (carrying the now aging and increasingly quirky Mark), settled in their current location (Century City) in 2012. Mark continues to write the catalogs and shows up at an occasional book fair, but Jen and Alex now pilot Biblioctopus.\nSo what of the future?\nWe have got,\nAlex and Jen,\nAnd they have not.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1502304"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5024583339691162,"wiki_prob":0.5024583339691162,"text":"Italy’s leather sofa: The embossed Italian leather sofa was the best thing ever?\nItalian leather was the most popular furniture in the 1950s and 1960s, and today, the leather sofa is still popular.\nAs with many things in Italy, the best quality leather has always been the one most affordable.\nThe problem was that it wasn’t always available in the same condition as the rest of the world’s furniture.\nIn the mid-1950s, the Italian government was looking to develop the country’s economy and it was looking for a way to reduce its dependence on foreign imports.\nThe government was in the process of opening up its textile industry to foreign competition, and the new factory in Naples was the first step in that direction.\nThe Italians had an interest in reducing their dependency on foreign suppliers, and so the factory was equipped with the most modern machinery, which allowed for a higher quality of leather.\nThe Italian leather furniture was called the Embossed Leather Stools.\nThey were made from a thick, black leather that had been treated with a special substance to improve its leather quality.\nBut the Embazoned Leather Chair, which is also known as the Embroidered Leather Chair or the Emboiled Chair, was the one that was widely known to the public, because it was a popular item in the U.S. It was also known in Italy as the Leather Chair.\nThe Emboidered Leather Stool is the standard furniture in Italy and is made from leather from an animal that’s been dyed white and embosses with a diamond shape, which means it’s an embossing.\nThis emboss can be found on all of the Italian leather chairs, which have a diamond shaped design on the back, and on some of the leathers used in the Embozed Leather chairs.\nIt’s also available in different colors and sizes, as well as being available in a wide variety of finishes.\nThe leather chair has a smooth leather back and is designed to hold up to a 15-inch weight.\nYou can also find a number of different types of leather, such as the leather in the chair’s handle, which has a very light texture.\nThe embroidered leather chair can be made from any number of materials, but in the United States, the Embosored Leather Chair is the most common.\nThe price of an emboored leather chair ranges from $300 to $1,200.\nThe most expensive leather chair is the Embotic Chair, a chair with a black leather back.\nThe chair is made of an exotic and unique animal, which was dyed white.\nIt has a diamond-shaped design on both the back and on the seat.\nThis leather chair also has a thick leather backing that is covered with embossings.\nIf you want to buy an Embotic Leather Chair from Amazon, the seller recommends that you purchase an Emboored Leather chair because the chair is available in many different finishes.\nIf your leather chair doesn’t have an embosored leather back, the embossers can be bought in the stores or at your local hardware store.\nThe best way to keep up with all the latest news about the leather industry is to subscribe to the Leather Brief Newsletter.\nTagged: embossed leatheritalian leather sofaleather hole punch\n← Leather Bomber Jacket: What it does, when to wear it, and how to get it\nApple CEO Tim Cook to be a ‘regular person’ in 2018 →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line289160"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9658561944961548,"wiki_prob":0.9658561944961548,"text":"Falcons get a little extra time to get ready for Ohio\nNCAAF Team Report - Bowling Green - INSIDE SLANT\nAfter nine consecutive Saturdays with a game, Bowling Green has some extra time to prepare for its November stretch run.\nThe Falcons, 6-3 overall, have won five straight games and are in second place in the Mid-American Conference at 4-1 after beating Eastern Michigan, 24-3.\nBowling Green is idle until Nov. 7 at Ohio. Ohio suffered a 23-20 loss to Miami on Oct. 27, knocking the Bobcats from the ranks of the unbeaten and out of the Top 25 national rankings.\n\"We've played very well in October and we're on a little bit of a winning streak; sometimes when that's happening you want to keep playing,\" Bowling Green coach Dave Clawson said.\n\"But like everybody else in the conference ... our guys are a little banged up so we're hoping to get them some rest, get them off their feet, and allow them to heal. That will give us a little more energy and juice as we head into November.\"\nFundamentals on the base offense and defense will be the focus of the Oct. 31 practice. Then the work begins on the Ohio game plan, Clawson said.\n\"With having the 11 days we will be able to get an extra practice in against Ohio,\" Clawson said.\nAfter the Ohio game, the Falcons have another long layoff before hosting Kent State on Nov. 17.\nNCAAF Team Report - Bowling Green - NOTES, QUOTES\n--Bowling Green continues to add to its future schedules with a home-and-home series against Memphis in 2015 and 2016, a home-and-home series with South Alabama in 2021 and 2022, and a game at Kansas State in 2019. Earlier in October, the Falcons added a game against Oregon in 2018.\n--Despite a 9-of-20 passing effort for 78 yards against Eastern Michigan on Oct. 27, QB Matt Schilz has moved to fourth on two Bowling Green career passing lists. Schilz has 1,076 passes, going past Rich Dackin's total of 1,056 (1986-89) and 6,999 yards passing, going ahead of Omar Jacobs' total of 6,938 (2003-05).\nSERIES HISTORY: Bowling Green leads Ohio, 36-25-2 (last meeting, 2011, 29-28 Ohio).\nSCOUTING THE OFFENSE: Bowling Green has moved the ball with its running game during its five-game winning streak. In the last five games, Bowling Green has rushed 205 times for 1,068 yards (213.6 yards per game average) and seven touchdowns. In four of the last five games, the Falcons have rushed for 200 or more yards. The Falcons started the season with five running backs, but have lost Jamel Martin (knee) for the season. Anthon Samuel missed Bowling Green's last game because of a neck injury and Andre Givens had to leave the Eastern Michigan game on Oct. 27 after being hit in the back. However, the running game still produced 225 yards against Eastern Michigan, with John Pettigrew picking up a career-high 136 yards and Jordan Hopgood chipping in with 61 yards. In the fourth quarter, Bowling Green had two long drives that took 12:17 off the clock. While the Falcons' final drive didn't net any points, it used up the final 9:10 of the game.\nSCOUTING THE DEFENSE: Bowling Green's defense has been the catalyst for the current five-game winning streak. In the last five games, the Falcons have allowed some mind-boggling numbers -- 33 points, including three touchdowns; 56 first downs; 207.8 yards per game in total offense (140.6 yards rushing and 67.2 yards passing); a 24.3 percent success rate on third-down conversions (18-of-74); while getting 16 quarterback sacks and seven interceptions. Improved tackling has been one of the keys to the success. \"We are getting much better play up front, so there are fewer plays getting to the third level of our defense,\" coach Dave Clawson said. \"Where we really struggled the past two years was so many missed tackles in the back end at safety and corner. When you miss a tackle back there, it's a big play and a lot of times a touchdown. Our secondary is doing a much better job tackling.\" Clawson said Jerry \"BooBoo\" Gates and Ryland Ward at safety and Darrell Hunter, DeVon McKoy, and Cameron Truss at cornerback have been much better tacklers this season.\nQUOTE TO NOTE: \"We are certainly going to have some challenges ahead. Ohio is a team we haven't tackled well the previous two years. ... They are going to present a great challenge to us.\" -- Coach Dave Clawson.\nNCAAF Team Report - Bowling Green - STRATEGY AND PERSONNEL\nTHIS WEEK'S GAME/NEXT GAME: Bowling Green at Ohio, Nov. 7 -- Bowling Green heads into November with all its goals, winning the Mid-American Conference East and getting to the MAC championship game in Detroit, intact but face a challenge at Ohio, which won its first seven games of the season and was ranked in the Top 25.\nKEYS TO THE GAME: If Bowling Green can continue to do the things that have worked during its five-game winning steak -- a ball-control offense and a stout defense -- then they should be in the game against Ohio. It will be the fourth time in the last five games the Falcons have face a challenging offense and Bowling Green must stop QB Tyler Tettleton and Ohio's skilled players.\nDT Chris Jones -- The senior leads the nation with 11 1/2 sacks and has been a disruptive force all season.\nLB Paul Swan -- The redshirt junior has come into his own this season and leads the Falcons with 52 tackles.\nR Gabe Martin -- The redshirt sophomore is coming off the biggest game of his career against Eastern Michigan on Oct. 27, as he led the Falcons with seven tackles, had an interception, and forced a fumble that was returned for the touchdown by teammate Chris Jones.\nQB Matt Schilz -- The redshirt junior hasn't been called upon to make many plays during the five-game winning streak, but he has to be ready in case the Falcons need to complete some passes in a crucial situation.\nROSTER REPORT\n--RB Anthon Samuel, Bowling Green's leading rusher with 725 yards and leading scorer with nine touchdowns, missed the Eastern Michigan game on Oct. 27 because of a neck injury. Coach Dave Clawson said Samuel is listed as probable for the Ohio game on Nov. 7.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line692235"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9019103050231934,"wiki_prob":0.9019103050231934,"text":"Get Pro Football Hall of Fame essential facts below. View Videos or join the Pro Football Hall of Fame discussion. Add Pro Football Hall of Fame to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.\nProfessional sports hall of fame in Canton, Ohio\nLocation in the United States\nShow map of the United States\nLocation in Ohio\nShow map of Ohio\nSeptember 7, 1963; 58 years ago (1963-09-07)\n2121 George Halas Dr NW, Canton, Ohio\n40°49?16?N 81°23?52?W / 40.82111°N 81.39778°W / 40.82111; -81.39778Coordinates: 40°49?16?N 81°23?52?W / 40.82111°N 81.39778°W / 40.82111; -81.39778\nProfessional sports hall of fame\nJim Porter\nThe Pro Football Hall of Fame is the hall of fame for professional American football, located in Canton, Ohio. Opened on September 7, 1963,[2] the Hall of Fame enshrines exceptional figures in the sport of professional football, including players, coaches, franchise owners, and front-office personnel, almost all of whom made their primary contributions to the game in the National Football League (NFL).\nAs of the Class of 2020, there are a total of 346 members of the Hall of Fame.[3] Members are referred to as \"Gold Jackets\" due to the distinctive gold jackets they receive during the induction ceremony. Between four and eight new inductees are normally enshrined every year. For the 2020 class, an additional 15 members, known as the \"Centennial Slate\", were inducted into the Hall of Fame to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the NFL.[4]\nOriginal entrance to the Pro Football Hall of Fame\nThe city of Canton successfully lobbied the NFL to have the Hall of Fame built and has cited three reasons. First, the NFL was founded in Canton on September 17, 1920,[5] (at that time it was known as the American Professional Football Association). Second, the now-defunct Canton Bulldogs were a successful pro football team and the NFL's first repeat champion (in 1922 and 1923). Third, the Canton community held a fundraising effort that garnered nearly $400,000 (equivalent to $2,640,000 in 2019) to get the Hall of Fame built.[6] Groundbreaking for the building was held on August 11, 1962,[7][8] and the Hall of Fame was opened to the public on September 7, 1963.[2]\nThe original building contained just two rooms, and 19,000 square feet (1,800 m2) of interior space.[9] In April 1970, ground was broken for the first of many expansions. This first expansion cost $620,000, and was completed on May 10, 1971.[2] The size was increased to 34,000 square feet (3,200 m2) by adding another room. The pro shop opened with this expansion. This was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame, as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time. This was at least in some part due to the increase in popularity of professional football caused by the advent of the American Football League and its success in the final two AFL-NFL World Championship games.[9]\nInside the original structure in 2008\nIn November 1977, work began on another expansion project, costing $1,200,000. It was completed in November 1978, enlarging the gift shop and research library, while doubling the size of the theater. The total size of the hall was now 50,500 square feet (4,690 m2), more than 2.5 times the original size.[9]\nThe building remained largely unchanged until July 1993. The Hall then announced yet another expansion, costing $9,200,000, and adding a fifth room. This expansion was completed on October 1, 1995,[2] and increased the building's size to 82,307 square feet (7,647 m2). The most notable addition was the GameDay Stadium, which shows an NFL Films production on a 20-by-42-foot (6.1 m × 12.8 m) Cinemascope screen.[9]\nIn 2013, the Hall of Fame completed its largest expansion and renovation to date; the total size of the hall is now 118,000 square feet (11,000 m2).\nHall of Fame Village, an estimated $900 million expansion project adjacent to the Pro Football Hall of Fame, has completed Phase I of construction; preparations for beginning Phase II are currently[when?] underway.[10][11]\nExecutive directors or presidents\nDick McCann (April 4, 1962 - November 1967)\nDick Gallagher (April 1968 - December 31, 1975)\nPete Elliott (February 1979 - October 31, 1996)\nJohn Bankert (November 1, 1996 - December 31, 2005)\nSteve Perry (April 24, 2006 - January 2014)\nDavid Baker (January 6, 2014 - October 16, 2021)[12][13]\nJim Porter (2021-)\nThe Hall is made up of several sections, with display of inductees at its heart\nThrough 2021, all players in the Hall, except Buffalo Bills guard Billy Shaw, played at least some part of their professional career in the NFL; Shaw played his entire career in the American Football League (AFL) prior to the 1970 AFL-NFL merger.\nThough several Hall of Famers have had AFL, Canadian Football League, World Football League, United States Football League, Arena Football League and/or Indoor Football League experience, and there is a division of the Hall devoted to alternative leagues such as these, to this point no players have made the Hall without having made significant contributions to either the NFL, AFL, or All-America Football Conference.\nFor CFL stars, there is a corresponding Canadian Football Hall of Fame; only one player, Warren Moon, and two coaches, Bud Grant and Marv Levy, are enshrined in both halls.\nAgain for the Arena Football League, there is also a corresponding Arena Football Hall of Fame; similarly, only one player, Kurt Warner, has been enshrined into both halls. The Indoor Football League, in which Terrell Owens played one season,[14] has also established a Hall of Fame.\nThe Chicago Bears have the most Hall of Famers among the league's franchises with either 37 or 30 enshrinees depending on whether players that only played a small portion of their careers with the team are counted.[15]\nEnshrinees are selected by a 48-person committee, largely made up of media members, officially known as the Selection Committee.[16]\nEach city that has a current NFL team sends one representative from the local media to the committee; a city with more than one franchise sends one representative for each franchise.\nThere are also 15 at-large delegates, including one representative from the Pro Football Writers Association. Except for the PFWA representative, who is appointed to a two-year term, all other appointments are open-ended, and terminated only by death, incapacitation, retirement, or resignation.[16]\nVoting procedure\nTom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium with the Hall of Fame in lower right\nTo be eligible for the nominating process, a player or coach must have been retired for at least five years; any other contributor such as a team owner or executive can be voted in at any time.[17]\nFans may nominate any player, coach or contributor by simply writing via letter or email to the Pro Football Hall of Fame. The Selection Committee is then polled three times by mail (once in March, once in September, and once in October) to eventually narrow the list to 25 semifinalists. In November, the committee then selects 15 finalists by mail balloting.\nA Seniors and Contributors Committee, subcommittees of the overall Selection Committee, nominate Seniors (those players who completed their careers more than 25 years ago) and Contributors (individuals who made contributions to the game in areas other than playing or coaching). The Seniors Committee and Contributors Committee add one or two finalist(s) on alternating years, which makes a final ballot of 18 finalists under consideration by the full committee each year.[17] Committee members are instructed to only consider a candidate's professional football contributions and to disregard all other factors.[18]\nThe Selection Committee then meets on \"Selection Saturday\", the day before each Super Bowl game to elect a new class. To be elected, a finalist must receive at least 80% support from the Board. At least four, but no more than eight, candidates are elected annually.\n2020 Centennial Slate\nIn 2020, a special Blue-Ribbon Panel selected an additional 15 new members, known as the Centennial Slate, to be inducted into the Hall of Fame to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the NFL. Among these 15 members, ten would be seniors.[19] On January 11 during the weekend of the NFL Divisional playoffs, Hall of Fame president David Baker went on the set of The NFL Today to personally tell Bill Cowher, who was working as an analyst on that pregame show, that he was selected as one of the members of the Centennial Slate.\nOne day later, Baker went on the set of Fox NFL Sunday to inform Jimmy Johnson, working as an analyst on Fox's studio show, that he was also selected.[20] The rest of the Centennial Slate members were revealed on January 15.[4]\nThe remaining 13 members of the Centennial Slate elected to the Hall of Fame in 2020 are: Jim Covert, Winston Hill, Harold Carmichael, Duke Slater, Ed Sprinkle, Steve Sabol, Alex Karras, Bobby Dillon, Donnie Shell, George Young, Cliff Harris, Mac Speedie, and former NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue.[21]\nThey were enshrined in 2021 due to Covid-19, but are still considered part of the Centennial Class of 2020.\nEnshrinement ceremony\nA football signed by the 1974 Pro Football Hall of Fame enshrinement class\nThe enshrinement ceremony is the main event of the annual Enshrinement Week Powered by Johnson Controls that kicks off every NFL season. The celebration is held in Canton, throughout the week surrounding the enshrinement ceremony.[22] All members of the Hall of Fame are invited to attend the annual ceremony.[18]\nEnshrinees do not go into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a member of a certain team. Rather, all of an enshrinee's affiliations are listed equally.[17] While the Baseball Hall of Fame plaques generally depict each of their inductees wearing a particular club's cap (with a few exceptions, such as Catfish Hunter and Greg Maddux), the bust sculptures of each Pro Football Hall of Fame inductee make no reference to any specific team. In addition to the bust that goes on permanent display at the Hall of Fame, inductees receive a distinctive Gold Jacket, and previous inductees nearly always wear theirs when participating at the new inductee ceremonies.\nPrevious induction ceremonies were held during the next day (Sunday from 1999-2005, Saturday in 2006), situated on the steps of the Hall of Fame building.\nStarting in 2002, the ceremony was moved to Fawcett Stadium (now Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium), where it was held from 1963 to 1965. Since 2007, the enshrinement ceremony has been held on the Saturday night, since 2017 two days after the Hall of Fame Game.[23]\nHall of Fame Game\nThe Hall of Fame Game, the annual NFL preseason opener, is played in Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium at Hall of Fame Village in Canton, Ohio. In 2017, the Hall of Fame Game was held for the first time on Thursday night. The preseason classic kicks off Enshrinement Week Powered by Johnson Controls and officially kicks off the NFL preseason.\nBlack College Football Hall of Fame\nThe Pro Football Hall of Fame museum includes a permanent exhibit recognizing the inductees of the Black College Football Hall of Fame. The two organizations partnered in 2016, also creating the Black College Football Hall of Fame Classic played at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium.[24][25]\nSign at the old entrance to the PFHOF\nThe small number of candidates elected each year has helped foster what some perceive as an inequality of representation at certain positions or in certain categories of player, to the exclusion of defensive players in general (defensive backs and outside linebackers in particular), special teams players, wide receivers, and those from the \"seniors\" category. There has also been criticism that deserving players have been overlooked because they played most or all of their careers on poor teams.[26]\nIn 2009, a New York Times article criticized the Hall for not including punter Ray Guy on its ballot, erroneously stating that the Hall did not have an inductee at the time representing the position[27] (punter Yale Lary had been inducted in 1979, while Sammy Baugh had also punted in addition to his quarterback play; the punter position was not specialized until free substitution became widespread in the 1960s, and most punters until then also played another position). Guy was eventually inducted as part of the 2014 class for the Hall of Fame.\nThe Pro Football Hall of Fame is unique among North American major league sports halls of fame in that officials have been generally excluded. No on-field officials have ever been inducted, and only one person--1966 inductee Hugh L. Ray, the league's longtime supervisor of officiating and rules advisor--has been inducted for any contributions related to that aspect of the sport.[28] The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and Hockey Hall of Fame have each inducted game officials as members. In part to rectify the lack of officials and other off-field contributors, the Hall of Fame added a \"Contributors\" committee beginning with the class of 2015, which will nominate officials, general managers, owners and other positions that have historically been overlooked by the committee at large.[29]\nOn August 31, 2021, former referee and director of officiating Art McNally was selected as the contributor nominee for the Hall's Class of 2022, marking the first time any professional football official will be considered as a finalist for enshrinement by the entire selection committee.[30]\nAnother prominent absence from the Hall is sports-journalist Howard Cosell, who has yet to be awarded the Pete Rozelle Radio-Television Award despite his well-known association with Monday Night Football; an August 2010 Sports Illustrated article hints that Cosell may have even been \"blacklisted\" by the NFL.[31][32]\nAs the late 2010s approached, a number of controversial and polarizing figures began to reach eligibility for the Hall. For example, Darren Sharper's career achievements make him a candidate for the Hall, but there is debate over whether he should be inducted due to his conviction on multiple rape charges after he retired.[33]\nTerrell Owens' exclusion from the Hall in his first two years of eligibility despite his strong individual statistics was a subject of public debate:[34] while Owens was elected to the Hall of Fame in 2018, he refused to attend the enshrinement ceremony.[35]\nTouchdown Club Charities Hall of Fame\nCanadian Football Hall of Fame\nArena Football Hall of Fame\nIndoor Football League Hall of Fame\nDick McCann Memorial Award--sometimes referred to as the \"writer's wing\" of the Pro Football Hall of Fame\nPete Rozelle Radio-Television Award\n^ \"History of the Pro Football Hall of Fame\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on July 15, 2009. Retrieved 2012.\n^ a b c d Maroon, Thomas; Maroon, Margaret; Holbert, Craig (2006). Akron-Canton Football Heritage. Arcadia Publishing. Retrieved 2022.\n^ \"Pro Football Hall of Fame Enshrinees\". Retrieved 2021.\n^ a b \"15-person centennial slate for HOF revealed Jan. 15 on NFLN\". NFL. January 8, 2020.\n^ Fiorillo, Steve. \"History of the NFL: From the 1890s to the Present\". TheStreet. Retrieved 2019.\n^ \"History of the Pro Football Hall of Fame - Visit | Pro Football Hall of Fame Official Site\". Pro Football Hall of Fame.\n^ \"Hall of Fame ceremonies held at Canton\". Youngstown Vindicator. (Ohio). Associated Press. August 11, 1962. p. 8.\n^ \"Cards tie Giants, 21-21, in Hall of Fame Game\". Toledo Blade. (Ohio). Associated Press. August 12, 1962. p. 6.\n^ a b c d \"The Pro Football Hall of Fame: Then and Now\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. January 1, 2005. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved 2011.\n^ \"Pro Football Hall of Fame Village announces 'agreement in principal' on merger that could bring more cash to project\". WKYC. Retrieved 2019.\n^ \"Pro Football Hall of Fame Village delays frustrate neighbors in Canton\". WKYC. Retrieved 2019.\n^ \"History of the Pro Football Hall of Fame\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2018.\n^ https://theathletic.com/news/david-baker-pro-football-hall-of-fame-president-announces-retirement/wnwim9HI3udi/. Retrieved 2021. Missing or empty |title= (help)\n^ \"Hall of Fame\". goifl.com. Retrieved 2020.\n^ \"Chicago Bears: Team History\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on June 8, 2012. Retrieved 2011.\n^ a b \"Selection Process\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved 2012.\n^ a b c \"Selection Process FAQ\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on February 1, 2012. Retrieved 2012.\n^ a b \"Canton welcome mat still out for O.J. Simpson\". ESPN.com. July 21, 2017. Retrieved 2017.\n^ Centennial-slate-for-hof-revealed-jan-15-on-nfln|title=15-person centennial slate for HOF revealed Jan. 15 on NFLN|date=January 8, 2020|publisher=NFL }}\n^ \"Jimmy Johnson joins Bill Cowher as NFL coaches to be part of Hall of Fame's centennial class of 2020\". CBS Sports. January 12, 2020.\n^ \"Pro Football Hall of Fame Centennial Class revealed\". NFL.com.\n^ \"2012 Pro Football Hall of Fame Enshrinement Festival Schedule\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on January 20, 2012. Retrieved 2012.\n^ \"Class of 2007 Presenters\". Pro Football Hall of Fame. July 2, 2007. Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved 2012.\n^ \"Black College Football Hall of Fame\". ProFootballHOF.com. Retrieved 2021.\n^ Strickland, Ray (September 1, 2019). \"Pro Football Hall of Fame unveils exhibit honoring historically black college & university legends\". WKYC.com. Retrieved 2021.\n^ Barall, Andy (February 16, 2012). \"How to Fix Football's Hall of Fame Voting System\". The New York Times.\n^ Joyner, K C (January 25, 2009). \"A Case for Ray Guy Belonging in Pro Football Hall of Fame\". The New York Times.\n^ Austro, Ben (February 3, 2018). \"Art McNally is long overdue to be the first official in the Pro Football Hall of Fame\". Football Zebras.\n^ King, Peter (October 21, 2014). Behind the HOF's New Contributor Committee. SI.com. Retrieved October 21, 2014.\n^ Austro, Ben (August 31, 2021). \"Art McNally, father of modern NFL officiating, is the candidate to be the first official in the Pro Football Hall of Fame\". Football Zebras.\n^ Billson, Marky (August 4, 2010). \"As strange as it sounds, Howard Cosell has never won Rozelle award\". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved 2017.\n^ Researcher, NFL (February 4, 2013). \"Cronyism on the part of the NFL and the Pro Football Hall of Fame?\". NFL Sports Blog.\n^ Ryan Gabrielson. \"For Darren Sharper, a Place in Prison. But in Hall of Fame, Too?\". ProPublica.\n^ \"One Hall of Fame voter sheds light on why Terrell Owens didn't make it in\". CBSSports.com.\n^ Bieler, Des (13 July 2018). \"Hall of Fame to answer Terrell Owens' snub by refusing to announce his induction\". The Washington Post. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2019.\nMedia related to Pro Football Hall of Fame at Wikimedia Commons\nPro-Football Hall of Fame\nPro Football Hall of Fame Choices\nPro Football Hall of Fame finalists\nPro Football Hall of Fame Ceremonies\n2016 Pro Football Hall of Fame class\nPro Football Hall of Famer, Warren Moon\n2015 Pro Football Hall of Fame Week.\nPro Football Hall Of Fame Class of 2016\nFAMILY ROAD TRIP - PRO FOOTBALL HALL OF FAME\n8 Elected to Pro Football Hall of Fame\nThe Latest Pro Football Hall of Fame Inductees\nROOKIE Tailgate Tour: Pro Football Hall of Fame\nArchie Manning Pro Football Hall of Fame Contest\nMichael Strahan's Pro Football Hall of Fame speech\nNFL Pro Football Hall of Fame Tour | The Handoff\n$11M gift funds Pro Football Hall of Fame expansion\nCalvin Johnson Elected to Pro Football Hall of Fame\nPro_Football_Hall_of_Fame","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line832012"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5014935731887817,"wiki_prob":0.49850642681121826,"text":"Doorstop interview, Yankalilla Area School\nTopics: Engineering is Elementary program; New child care package; Mayo by-election.\nGeorgina Downer: Well it’s great to have Minister for Education Simon Birmingham here today at the Yankalilla Area School, and we’ve just had a fantastic demonstration of the new program Engineering is Elementary, and it was so impressive to see the teachers who have done some training at Questacon rolling out this program and really giving the kids that fantastic opportunity to learn the E in STEM, and of course build skills that will be so important for those jobs of the future. So thank you very much, Minister, it’s been really great to see this program which I think gives kids here in Mayo such a fantastic opportunity for the future.\nSimon Birmingham: Thanks Georgina, and I’m thrilled to be here today as part of the rollout of the Engineering is Elementary program across more than 80 schools around Australia, supporting around 1600 students here in South Australia to be able to access engineering skills. It’s a program where the Turnbull Government is backing it through Questacon, with multimillion dollar investment and support that is part of our overall Innovation And Science Agenda. We’re very thrilled to be able to partner with Raytheon in this case and I thank them for their work with Questacon and their support for making this program available, and to help bring it from a US model, and Questacon adapting it as something that is directly relevant for Australian school students. Of course, we recognise that some of the fastest growing skills across the world that are required for future jobs are STEM skills, and much of our work focuses on ensuring science and technology and maths are developed and enhanced as areas of subject interest in school. But this is the E, this is the engineering, and what we’ve had the thrill of seeing in this classroom today is how it is that young children can bring engineering skills to life and in doing so, they’re applying their maths skills, they’re thinking about technology, they’re using scientific principles. This is about real life educational skills being deployed in the classroom and developing and inspiring an interest that hopefully will see future generations of engineers working on agricultural projects, transport projects, defence industry projects right across our state, right across Mayo.\nThanks, Georgina. It’s so important it’s here at the Yankalilla Area School, because it’s also an example of the commitment we have to make sure that all children across all schools have access to the type of educational opportunities they deserve. And here in Yankalilla, as part of our valued regional communities, we’re seeing a school taking leaps and bounds ahead in terms of the opportunities it’s offering its students.\nQuestion: Would you say the future of this program being past this trial?\nSimon Birmingham: Well, this program is obviously something that is quite easily replicated by so many schools. It is something that doesn’t require a significant investment. It’s about teacher capability, and of course, we continue to work hard in initial teacher education and training, and in providing programs – not just like the ones Questacon’s done here in terms of providing teachers with resources and capability and program tools to be able to deliver this. But also as other programs have done in the maths space, such as the University of Adelaide’s MOOC which they’ve provided open access to teachers across the country to be able to develop new maths, new technology skills for delivery in the classroom. In terms of STEM development, it’s about us continually providing new access to teachers to be able to develop the skills they need and develop and deploy the programs that will work in terms of STEM delivery in the classroom.\nQuestion: So you say you imagine it could be easily replicated. How long though can we expect this trial to go for, and then maybe how long before it’s rolled out permanently into schools?\nSimon Birmingham: Well, we’ll be working with Questacon to ensure that the lessons from this are shared and hopefully see school systems themselves pick it up with enthusiasm. But it doesn’t always take a teacher going and training at Questacon. Models like this can be deployed simply and strategically by school systems themselves, and it’s really part of our national STEM partnership agenda that we have with the states and territories, and I hope that over the next couple of years we’ll see more and more schools make engineering a priority alongside science, technology and maths disciplines.\nQuestion: On to issues around the child care subsidy. We’ve seen some modelling which suggests as many as 280,000 families might be worse off under the new subsidy. Is that acceptable to you?\nSimon Birmingham: Well, the Turnbull Government has deliberately put in an extra $2.5 billion of support for child care, but also better targeted support to ensure that the greatest number of hours of subsidised care go to the families working the longest hours and the greatest level of support, the greatest rate of subsidy, goes to the families earning the least amount. On average, families across South Australia who have registered already are going to be about $1400 per child, per annum, better off under these reforms. Around 1 million Australian families are going to be better off.\nThe only circumstances, really, where families won’t be better off are if they’re not meeting a very basic activity test of just four hours per week on average of work and study and volunteering, or if they’re very high income earning families, earning more than $350,000 per annum who see their subsidy cut off.\nQuestion: What about issues around casualisation of the workforce, unpredictable work hours and some families maybe one parent isn’t meeting that activity test every week. What about those issues? Is it acceptable that some families will still miss out?\nSimon Birmingham: Well, these are some of the lies that the Labor Party is spreading. This is a well-calibrated program where the activity test is designed to be averaged over a three-month period. So somebody who’s working casually or variable hours is able to average their estimate. They work an average of four hours a week, then they’re going to be eligible for some 36 hours of childcare a fortnight. That is clear support, the steps are clearly laid out. Families are able equally to qualify if they’re volunteering. Volunteering can include volunteering in schools where you can be reading to children, helping with projects like the one we’ve just seen. That’s a recognised volunteering activity that will qualify for the child care activity test. It would include working as a carer, looking for work as part of your Newstart obligations. There are a range of different activities that are recognised to ensure this is light touch, but it does absolutely deliver what we want which is the greatest support to families working the longest hours and earning the least.\nQuestion: Do you think the Australian Government’s doing enough to make child care truly accessible for all people?\nSimon Birmingham: This is the biggest improvement to the child care system in more than 40 years. It’s going to make life easier for around 1 million Australian families. No longer will families find that their child care rebate cuts out in February or March of the financial year. They’re going to get support right through the year that doesn’t run out. It’s going to allow, we estimate, 230,000 Australians to participate more in the workforce, to increase the hours or days they work, and they can do that because they’re getting the child care support and their child care bills won’t be an impost. This is a great reform. It’s a positive reform for Australian families. It’s putting more money in the pockets of close to 1 million Australian families and it’s going to make a big difference in terms of their capacity to work the hours and days that suit them.\nQuestion: Will the government ever consider something like making child care payments tax deductible?\nSimon Birmingham: Well, there was a thorough Productivity Commission inquiry that looked at how we can improve our child care system, and the problem with something like tax deductibility for child care payments, as the Productivity Commission truly spelt out, is the greatest benefit goes to the highest income earners because we have a progressive tax system in Australia. So, if we made child care tax deductible, my family might benefit, but indeed, those working part-time hours, those on lower wages and incomes, would struggle. What we’ve done is put in place a system where the lowest income families – those earning less than $65,000 per annum – are going to see the rate of support for their child care increase from 72 per cent to 85 per cent without a cap in place. They’re going to be much, much better off and I can’t believe that the Labor Party, the Greens or others, are shedding crocodile tears because high income families might miss out on child care support, when what we’ve done is target the greatest levels of assistance to low and medium income families.\nQuestion: And Minister, how will this change affect you personally?\nSimon Birmingham: Well indeed, my family will no longer be eligible for child care assistance. My wife works full-time. I clearly work full-time. We are a family who are in a fortunate financial situation and I don’t expect that Australians would be saying it’s unfair that we might pay for our afterschool hours care or our school holiday care when we need it. What we think is fair, as a government, and what I think is fair personally, is that child support should be targeted to the families who need it most, and they are the families working the longest hours, but earning the least amount.\nQuestion: What do you make of recent polling ahead of the Mayo by-election? Does it make you nervous?\nGeorgina Downer: Look, I’ve been really enjoying campaigning in Mayo in the Adelaide Hills and the Fleurieu and I’m looking forward to going to Kangaroo Island next week and meeting as many people as possible and talking to them really about the issues that matter most to them. That’s what’s really important to me. But what’s becoming really clear when I go around Mayo talking to people is that people absolutely do not want a Shorten Labor government. There is a real feel in the electorate of what a Shorten Labor government could lead to in this country. And it is quite clear that there is an alliance being created here with my opponent Rebekha Sharkie and the Labor Party and now the Greens. So, it seems clear to me that a vote for Sharkie is going to end up being a vote for Shorten because given the chance and given Rebekha Sharkie’s voting record of 60 per cent of the time in the Australian parliament, she voted with Labor and the Greens. It’s quite clear that given the chance, she would back in a Shorten Labor government.\nQuestion: How can you say that, what specifically has led you to form that opinion?\nGeorgina Downer: Well, if you look at the Parliamentary Library’s record of individual MPs voting records, Rebekha Sharkie’s is there for everyone to see. It indicates that 60 per cent of the time she voted with Labor and the Greens on legislation and opposed the government’s agenda. She’s opposed cuts to local business taxes. She’s come out against changes to border protection that would mean we have stronger borders, that we make sure that we do keep the boats out of our waters and stop the people smuggling trade. On a variety of measures she has voted with Labor and the Greens and has opposed the Turnbull Government’s agenda, which is an agenda that is going to lower taxes, that is going to make sure that we have a strong economy so we can deliver the essential services that we also very much need and deserve.\nQuestion: All of that aside, the recent polling suggests she is popular in the electorate, does that make you nervous?\nGeorgina Downer: No, I am very comfortable with the campaign is going- as I said, I’ve really enjoyed speaking to as many people in Mayo as I can about the issues that matter most to them, and it is clear that they don’t want a Shorten Labor government, and I’m really looking forward to the next six or so weeks getting out there and really making sure that I’m listening. And of course being a member of the Liberal Party, part of the Coalition, a party of government, a party that can deliver for this electorate. I think there are some great opportunities and I’m very much looking forward to the by-election on 28 July.\nQuestion: And please correct me if I’m wrong, but it appears that you’ve deleted your Twitter account and there are suggestions flying around on social media that you’ve been blocking certain people who are contacting you about issues, particularly around climate change. Is that true?\nGeorgina Downer: So I’m no longer active on Twitter because, quite frankly, Twitter is not the place where we, as political candidates, find it’s best to engage with our communities. I use Facebook as my medium for engagement with people in Mayo, and where there are comments that are unacceptable, or trolls that use language that is unacceptable, then sure, we don’t think they are fruitful for political debates and commentary.\nQuestion: So is it right to shutdown political debate on a certain platform just because it doesn’t suit you?\nGeorgina Downer: Look, ultimately people are free to express themselves on social media and they do so, but…\nQuestion: But is it right for a candidate running in a by-election to, I suppose, shut down an avenue of debate?\nGeorgina Downer: There are plenty of avenues of debate available to people and I of course welcome people debating issues that are important to them and would not seek to shut down those debates in the public sphere. But on my Facebook page, we have protocols in place that encourage polite debate, frank debate, but where those limits are exceeded, where there is language that is unacceptable and goes to sort of insults, then that’s I guess- commentary of that nature, there’s no place for it on our particular Facebook page. If others want to have different mediums where they have those types of discussions, feel free, but it is not something that we think contributes to a fruitful and constructive debate on the issues.\nQuestion: Was there anything on Twitter that you were uncomfortable having up there? Maybe comments from the past.\nGeorgina Downer: No, no, no. Not at all.\nSimon Birmingham: Thanks, guys.\nCategory: Interview Transcripts 13 June, 2018\nPreviousPrevious post:Program brings engineering to life for Yankalilla Area School studentsNextNext post:Interview on ABC Radio Adelaide, Breakfast, with Ali Clarke and David Bevan","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line698746"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.707718014717102,"wiki_prob":0.707718014717102,"text":"University of Sains Malaysia\nEstablished as the second university in the country in 1969, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) was first known as Universiti Pulau Pinang. In 1971, USM moved from its temporary premises at the Malayan Teachers’ Training College, Bukit Gelugor to the present 416.6 hectare site at Minden, approximately 9.7 km from Georgetown.\nUSM offers courses ranging from Natural Sciences, Applied Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences to Building Science and Technology, Social Sciences, Humanities, and Education. These are available at undergraduate and postgraduate levels to approximately 30,000 students at its 17 Academic Schools on the main campus in the island of Penang; 6 Schools at the Engineering Campus in Nibong Tebal (approximately 50km from the main campus); and 3 at the Health Campus in Kubang Kerian, Kelantan (approximately 300km from the main campus).\nUSM also has 17 dedicated research centres for a wide range of specialisations which include archaeology, medicine and dentistry, molecular medicine, science and technology, Islamic development and management studies, and policy research and international studies. It also provides consultancy, testing, and advisory services to the industry under the ambit of USAINS Holdings Sdn Bhd, the University’s commercial arm.\nSince the beginning, USM has adopted the School system rather than the traditional Faculty system to ensure that its students are multi-disciplined from their exposure to other areas of study by other Schools. It also encourages students to be active in extra-curricular activities given the myriad of clubs and societies available.\nAs a Research Intensive University recognised by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE) in 2007, USM offers educational and research opportunities to students and staff. In 2008, USM also became the first university in the country to be selected by the Malaysian government to participate in the Accelerated Programme for Excellence (APEX), a fast-track programme that helps tertiary institutions achieve world-class status.\nUniversiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, USM Pulau Pinang, Penang 11800, Malaysia\nPhD River & Urban Drainage Engineering\nSustainable Asphalt Research Group, University of Sains Malaysia\nAsian Academy of Management Journal\nJournal of Construction in Developing Countries\nUniversity Coordinator\nJanet Snow\nCountry Coordinator\nProfessor Dato' Dr. Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan - Vice Chancellor\nAssociate Professor Dr. Mohd Sayuti Bin Hassan - Centre for Global Sustainability Studies\nUSM Aerospace Engineering students bag top prize in crest design challenge @IMDC2021\nNIBONG TEBAL, 10 August 2021 — An affordable, palm-sized and automatic Micro Air Vehicle(MAV) to help farmers…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line606897"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6872756481170654,"wiki_prob":0.31272435188293457,"text":"2011 NFL Draft Prospects: Nick Fairley For The Denver Broncos?\nBy Russ Oates Dec 16, 2010, 8:32am MST\nShare All sharing options for: 2011 NFL Draft Prospects: Nick Fairley For The Denver Broncos?\nIf the NFL season ended today, the Denver Broncos would have the No. 3 overall pick in April's draft. The Carolina Panthers (1-12) would have the top pick, followed by the Cincinnati Bengals (2-11) at No. 2. Should Stanford QB Andrew Luck declare for the draft, the Carolina Panthers would likely select Luck with the No. 1 overall pick. Matt Moore is not the answer and Jimmy Clausen is a rookie who has played like one.\nAt No. 2, the Bengals could go in a number of directions. However, defensive line help would be a great need. They are tied for last with 18 sacks this season. Looking at Russ Lande's Top 40 at the Sporting News, Clemson underclassman Da'Quan Bowers is his No. 3 prospect in the draft right now. Bowers has 15.5 sacks this season and 25 tackles for loss. That's production any defensive line would want.\nThe team tied for last with the Bengals for least sacks this season? The Denver Broncos. The Broncos could also use Bowers' help, but if the Bengals draft him who else should the Broncos turn to? Next on Lande's list is Auburn DE/DT Nick Fairley. Fairley was a disruptive presence in the trenches, accumulating 10.5 sacks for a loss of 67 yards and 21.0 tackles for loss. The 6-foot-5, 300-pound lineman would work well in either a 4-3 or 3-4 defense.\nHowever, if the Broncos decide Elvis Dumervil's return will be enough to ignite the pass rush, then the team should look for help at corner in either LSU's Patrick Peterson or Nebraska's Prince Amukamara.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line3556"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5102787017822266,"wiki_prob":0.5102787017822266,"text":"Ron de Burger Student Award\nEH Topics\nEvidence Reviews\nField Inquiries\nMould Investigation Online Course\nReady-to-Eat Meats Online Course\nEnvironmental Health Seminar Series\nHBE Forum\n» documents\n» practice scenario\n» Carbon Dioxide in Indoor Air\nCarbon Dioxide in Indoor Air\nContaminants and Hazards\nChemical Agents\nA Public Health Inspector calls about an issue flagged at an older elementary school. As part of a teacher complaint process, the provincial health and safety agency has been conducting a workplace investigation. Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels were measured and ranged from 412 ppm in an unoccupied classroom to 1,130 ppm in the school library and 1,660 ppm in an occupied classroom that had closed windows. Parents are now concerned and the school board has asked you, as Medical Officer of Health, about the potential health risks to students from CO2 levels that exceed formal workplace standards.\nCO2 and air quality concerns\nWhere does CO2 come from?\nWhat physiological responses occur in response to elevated CO2 levels?\nWhat is the significance of slightly elevated CO2 in school classrooms?\nWhat is the relationship between ventilation (air exchange rate) and respiratory health?\nWhat are commonly cited workplace-applicable standards for CO2? What rationale is given?\nWhat was found by the health and safety agency?\nThe same agency ordered a health survey... Do you expect this to be useful? What might be more useful? How would you respond to the School Board’s query about possible health risks to students?\nCO2 is frequently an issue in the context of indoor air quality concerns.1 It is relatively easy to measure and is commonly included in indoor air quality monitoring. CO2 at levels found in classroom settings do not appear to pose any direct health effects. High CO2 levels, however, are an indication that there is not sufficient ventilation for the number of occupants in the room. Results of CO2 measurements are often incorrectly interpreted and in some cases may be confused with the more serious carbon monoxide (CO).\nCO2 is a natural constituent of the air we breathe; it is a colourless, odourless and non-flammable gas produced by metabolic processes (such as respiration) and by combustion of fossil fuels. The average outdoor air concentration of CO2 is in the order of 300 to 400 ppm. Indoor levels are usually higher, due to the CO2 exhaled by building occupants. Human metabolism alone can lead to CO2 levels in excess of 3,000ppm, especially in poorly ventilated rooms. Indoor combustion appliances, in particular gas stoves, can also increase CO2 levels.\nHuman health effects have been observed at very high levels (> 7,000 ppm) of CO2, but it is unlikely that you would ever find levels this high in homes or classrooms.\nIncreased ambient CO2 levels cause acidification of the blood with compensatory increase in rate and depth of breathing. After prolonged exposure (days), acid-base regulation can occur via renal mechanisms which can affect calcium metabolism in bone.\nThe lowest level at which a human health effect (i.e. acidosis) has been observed in humans is 7,000 ppm, and that only after several weeks of continuous exposure in a submarine environment. In its 1987 Exposure Guidelines for Residential Indoor Air Quality,2 Health Canada set an exposure limit of 3,500 ppm to protect against such undesirable adaptive changes to acidosis, in particular calcium release from bones.\nThe occupational limits for CO2 recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) are 5000 ppm (TLV-TWA) and 30,000 ppm (TLV-STEL),3 based on the direct effects on acidification of the blood.\nOf note, no major pediatric studies have been identified to address the possibility of a significant differential in response between adults and children other than realizing that infants and children breathe more air than adults relative to their body size and thus tend to be more susceptible to respiratory exposures.4\nCO2 at the levels in this school do not pose a direct risk to health. The elevated CO2 levels (e.g. > 1100 ppm), however, may suggest the need for more ventilation.\nIndoor CO2 levels are generally higher than outside, as building occupants produce CO2 when they exhale. Ventilation exchanges indoor for outdoor air and reduces indoor CO2 levels. High indoor CO2 levels therefore may indicate that the air exchange rate is too low for the number of people in the room. School officials should look to increase ventilation by turning up mechanical ventilation systems or by opening windows.\nPoor ventilation can make classrooms uncomfortable and can reduce productivity. Poor ventilation can also lead to increased humidity, as moisture produced indoors is not vented to the outside. High humidity can encourage the growth of mould and dust mites; both of which are allergens and asthma triggers.\nIn addition, ventilation also helps reduce the levels of other indoor air pollutants released from furnishings, building products or chemical cleaners such as formaldehyde or volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Since some of these chemicals have known or suspected health effects, keeping levels as low as possible is always advisable.\nWorkplace standards applicable to the school environment, if they exist, will be set by the provincial government.\nThe American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62-2007 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality provides standards for ventilation based on surface area and occupancy. Typically, in an occupied classroom situation, the recommended level of ventilation would correspond to a CO2 level of approximately 1000-1100 ppm.5 A CO2 level of 1,000 to 1100 ppm is therefore offered as “a surrogate for human comfort (odour)” but “not considered a health risk.”\nThe investigation followed complaints of persistent respiratory irritation by teachers. CO2 measurements were taken in classrooms over the course of schooldays between 9am and 3pm on three separate occasions during the past year. The highest level was 1,660 ppm. Records showed that there had been historical issues with water intrusion into the school. CO was not tested. Two indoor air samples for mould spores were found to be comparable to one outdoor air sample.\nWhat are your thoughts? Would you discount mould as a possible source of the problem based on these test results?\nIt will be difficult to link health data with the ventilation issue given the lack of before and after data for comparison. As high CO2 levels can simply be an indicator of poor ventilation, there is a possibility that other contaminants are accumulating. It is better to focus on taking steps to improve ventilation and reduce CO2. Illness rates are more likely to be related to community-wide seasonal trends than to the ventilation rates in a school.\nAs the MOH, you could discuss with parents and teachers about the meaning of the findings, highlighting the low direct risk to health. You could recommend that school officials look at increasing ventilation in the areas with high CO2. Simple measures for improving ventilation may include opening windows and increasing play time outdoors, but the possibility of a source of contaminants may need to be considered and possibly investigated.\nA good resource is the US EPA Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Program6 that provides checklists and tools to deal with indoor air quality issues. Also, for mould-related problems, a good resource is the US Environmental Protection Agency’s guide on Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings.7\nAlso, possible information sources that can help determine if there is a possible problem at this school are records of student, teacher and staff absenteeism rates, records of nurse visits, and comparisons with other schools.\nWe would like to thank the following individuals for their valuable input and review of this document: Charmaine Enns, Charlene MacKinnon, Josh Moran, and Claudette Erdman for the question and context; Tim Foggin for research and write-up; Catherine Donovan, Brian Giles, and Deborah Schoen for review and comments.\nMiller J, Semple S, Turner S. High carbon dioxide concentrations in the classroom: the need for research on the effects of children's exposure to poor indoor air quality at school. Aberdeen (UK): Occ & Env Med 67(11):799.\nHealth Canada. Exposure guidelines for residential indoor air quality. A report of the Federal-Provincial Advisory Committee on Environmental and Occupational Health. Ottawa (ON): Environmental Health Directorate, Health Protection Branch; 1987 Apr.\nAmerican Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 2010 TLVs and BEIs. Based on the documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents & biological exposure indices. Cincinnati (OH): ACGIH; 2010 Mar. 272 p.\nSnodgrass WR. Physiological and biochemical differences between children and adults as determinants of toxic exposure to environmental pollutants. In: PS Guzelain, CJ Henry, SS Olin, eds. Similarities and differences between children and adults: Implications for risk assessment. Washington (DC): ILSI Press 1992:35-42.\nAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62-2007 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Atlanta (GA): American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers; 2002. 6 p.\nEnvironmental Protection Agency (US). Indoor air quality (IAQ) tools for schools program. Washington (DC): Office of Air and Radiation, Indoor Environments Division, 1995 [updated 2010 Jun 8; cited 2010 Jun 14].\nEnvironmental Protection Agency (US). Mold remediation in schools and commercial buildings. Washington (DC): Office of Air and Radiation, Indoor Environments Division, 2001 Mar. Contract No.: EPA 402-K-01-001 [updated 2008 Sept 18; cited 2010 Jun 14].\nCopyright © 2020 National Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health\nProduction of this website has been made possible through a financial contribution from the Public Health Agency of Canada.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1661829"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6066354513168335,"wiki_prob":0.6066354513168335,"text":"Trusting our government isn’t a matter of choice\nBy Thomas Sowell\nAmid all the heated cross-currents of debate about the National Security Agency’s massive surveillance program, there is a growing distrust of the Obama administration that makes weighing the costs and benefits of the NSA program itself hard to assess.\nThe belated recognition of this administration’s contempt for the truth, for the American people and for the Constitution of the United States, has been long overdue.\nBut what if the NSA program has in fact thwarted terrorists and saved many American lives in ways that cannot be revealed publicly?\nNothing is easier than saying that you still don’t want your telephone records collected by the government. But the first time you have to collect the remains of your loved ones, after they have been killed by terrorists, telephone records can suddenly seem like a small price to pay to prevent such things.\nThe millions of records of phone calls collected every day virtually guarantee that nobody has the time to listen to them all, even if NSA could get a judge to authorize listening to what is said in all these calls, instead of just keeping a record of who called whom.\nMoreover, Congressional oversight by members of both political parties limits what Barack Obama or any other president can get away with.\nAre these safeguards foolproof? No. Nothing is ever foolproof.\nAs Edmund Burke said more than two centuries ago: “Constitute government how you please, infinitely the greater part of it must depend upon the exercise of the powers which are left at large to the prudence and uprightness of ministers of state.”\nIn other words, we do not have a choice whether to trust or not to trust government officials. Unless we are willing to risk anarchy or terrorism, the most we can do is set up checks and balances within government — and be a lot more careful in the future than we have been in the past when deciding whom to elect.\nAnyone old enough to remember the Cuban missile crisis of 1962, when President John F. Kennedy took this country to the brink of nuclear war with the Soviet Union, may remember that there was nothing like the distrust and backlash against later presidents, whose controversial decisions risked nothing approaching the cataclysm that Kennedy’s decision could have led to.\nEven those of us who were not Kennedy supporters, and who were not dazzled by the glitter and glamour of the Kennedy aura, nevertheless felt that the president of the United States was someone who knew much more than we did about the realities on which all our lives depended.\nWhatever happened to that feeling? Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon happened. Both were shameless liars. They destroyed not only their own credibility, but the credibility of the office.\nEven when Lyndon Johnson told us the truth at a crucial juncture during the Vietnam war — that the Communist offensive of 1968 was a defeat for them, even as the media depicted it as a defeat for us — we didn’t believe him.\nIn later years, Communist leaders themselves admitted that they had been devastated on the battlefield. But by then it was too late. What the Communists lost militarily on the ground in Vietnam, they won politically in the American media and in American public opinion.\nMore than 50,000 Americans lost their lives winning battles on the ground in Vietnam, only to have the war lost politically back home. We seem to be having a similar scenario unfolding today in Iraq, where soldiers won the war, only to have politicians lose the peace, as Iraq now increasingly aligns itself with Iran.\nWhen Barack Obama squanders his own credibility with his glib lies, he is not just injuring himself during his time in office. He is inflicting a lasting wound on the country as a whole.\nBut we the voters are not blameless. Having chosen an untested man to be president, on the basis of rhetoric, style and symbolism, we have ourselves to blame if we now have only a choice between two potentially tragic fates: the loss of American lives to terrorism, or a further dismantling of our freedoms that has already led many people to ask: “Is this still America?”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1417822"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9113980531692505,"wiki_prob":0.9113980531692505,"text":"Dr David Jones BA Ph.D. (Cymru) FRHistS\nReaderDepartment of History and Welsh History - Teaching And Research\nHugh Owen Building\ndmj@aber.ac.uk\nSelect type... Contribution to journal → Article Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding → Chapter Book/Report → Book → Edited book\nGeorge Whitefield and Dissent\nJones, D., 15 Sep 2020, Evangelicalism and Dissent in Modern England and Wales. Bebbington, D. & Jones, D. C. (eds.). Taylor & Francis, p. 46–64 19 p. (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism).\nDOI: 10.4324/9781003011071-3\nEvangelicalism and Dissent in Modern England and Wales\nBebbington, D. W. & Jones, D., 08 Sep 2020, 1 ed. London: Taylor & Francis. 230 p. (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism)\nMaking Evangelical History: Faith, Scholarship and the Evangelical Past\nAtherstone, A. (ed.) & Jones, D. (ed.), 30 Apr 2019, 1 ed. London: Taylor & Francis. 304 p. (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism)\nIain H. Murray and the rise and fall of British evangelicalism\nJones, D., 14 Mar 2019, Making Evangelical History: Faith, Scholarship and the Evangelical Past. Atherstone, A. & Jones, D. C. (eds.). p. 194-212 19 p. (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism).\nDOI: 10.4324/9781315581231-10\nJohn Gillies and the evangelical revivals\nJones, D., 14 Mar 2019, Making Evangelical History: Faith, Scholarship and the Evangelical Past. Atherstone, A. & Jones, D. C. (eds.). p. 22-41 20 p. (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism).\nEvangelicals and the cross\nJones, D., 17 Jul 2018, The Routledge Research Companion to the History of Evangelicalism. Atherstone, A. & Jones, D. C. (eds.). Taylor & Francis, p. 39-56 (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism).\nThe Routledge Research Companion to the History of Evangelicalism\nAtherstone, A. (ed.) & Jones, D. (ed.), 11 Jul 2018, 1 ed. Taylor & Francis. 312 p. (Routledge Studies in Evangelicalism)\nGeorge Whitefield and Heart Religion\nJones, D., 30 Jun 2016, Heart Religion: Evangelical Piety in England & Ireland, 1690-1850. Coffey, J. (ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 93-112 19 p.\nGeorge Whitefield: Life, Context, and Legacy\nHammond, G. (ed.) & Jones, D. (ed.), 19 May 2016, Oxford: Oxford University Press. 344 p.\nDOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198747079.001.0001\nWhitefield and the “Celtic” Revivals\nBeebe, K. E. & Jones, D., 19 May 2016, George Whitefield: Life, Context, and Legacy. Hammond, G. & Jones, D. C. (eds.). Oxford University Press, p. 132–148\nEvangelicalism Arts & Humanities\nEvangelical Theolog... Arts & Humanities\nMethodism Arts & Humanities\nWales Arts & Humanities\nRevival Arts & Humanities\n18th Century Arts & Humanities\nHistory Arts & Humanities\nCalvinist Arts & Humanities\nFaith Arts & Humanities\nTransatlantic Arts & Humanities","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1189552"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8408335447311401,"wiki_prob":0.8408335447311401,"text":"Home Canada What does a re-elected Liberal government mean for northern housing?\nWhat does a re-elected Liberal government mean for northern housing?\nsharlene paine\nBy Sarah Sibley, Local Journalism Initiative ReporterCabin Radio\nWed., Sept. 29, 2021timer6 min. read\nWith Justin Trudeau’s Liberals once again securing a minority government, many are ready for the party to get back to work and start fulfilling campaign promises.\nOf those promises, one of the most crucial for northerners is how the federal government plans to help advance the N.W.T.’s housing priorities and end the territory’s ongoing housing crisis.\nIn his election campaign, re-elected Liberal MP Michael McLeod touted the work the federal government had completed in the past, stating his party’s government had invested “unprecedented levels into local housing priorities.”\nMcLeod cited examples like the N.W.T.’s $60-million share of a national fund, a $25-million housing allocation in 2021’s federal budget, the forthcoming Avens Pavilion seniors’ facility in Yellowknife, and what he termed “over $100 million toward housing and infrastructure for Indigenous governments across the Northwest Territories.”\nBut that has been a drop in a bucket for a territory that, two years ago, reported two in every five homes were either unaffordable, in disrepair, overcrowded, or all three.\nIn their 2021 election platform, the Liberals committed to producing an “Urban, Rural and Northern Indigenous Housing Strategy with an initial allocation of $300 million.”\nIf it comes to fruition as billed, that strategy is expected to place a lot of power to buy and refurbish northern housing directly in the hands of Indigenous governments – speeding up a key shift that had slowly begun in recent years.\nHowever, the $300-million figure could find itself immediately stretched. In the N.W.T. alone, new homes paid for with federal dollars have recently cost between $500,000 and $1 million per house.\nAsked after his re-election when the N.W.T. could expect the new strategy to become a reality, McLeod told Cabin Radio a lot of preparatory work had already been done to establish ways of investing more money in Indigenous housing.\n“I’m just wanting to see a long-term stream of funding come directly to Indigenous governments,“ said McLeod, echoing a demand made by various Indigenous governments in the N.W.T. over the past six years of Liberal government.\n“At this point I don’t know formally what my role is going to be [with the strategy] but I know that I’ll be an advocate to get it done,“ McLeod continued.\n“I think it’s an important piece of our strategy to address housing, especially here in the North.”\nIn May, a federal standing committee said Indigenous peoples living off-reserve were “best-placed to address the housing needs of their people and communities” but never received long-term, sustainable funding to do it.\nThe committee made nine recommendations, of which creating the strategy was one. Establishing an Urban, Rural and Northern Housing Centre, with a mandate and responsibilities to be decided by Indigenous people, was another.\nNone of that has happened yet, but Dene National Chief Norman Yakeleya told Cabin Radio “the status quo is no longer acceptable and no longer works” in the N.W.T. He wants exactly what the Liberals just promised: direct funding to get more done.\nThis summer, the Dene Nation unveiled its own housing strategy that pledged new homes built to meet northern demands by an Alberta-based company.\nYakeleya wants the federal government to support that plan, which he believes will create “viable and affordable” housing options for the Dene.\n“We know the impacts of inadequate housing are not a one-time fixed cost, but [have] long-term challenges to social and physical effects for our children, our families and our Dene communities,” he said.\n“I believe the missing piece of this process is giving the Indigenous leaders the respect and the opportunity to do things for themselves and the people they serve.”\nYakeleya envisages using federal funding to train locals in home repair and construction in their own communities.\nHe said the Dene Nation had created its own task force to work with the federal and territorial governments to make that funding happen, envisaging a three-way agreement that “recognizes the need to do better in dealing with issues of common concern, like the existing housing crisis.”\n“We need to do this work together – no more of the days of the government telling us what kind of houses to build, where to build them,” he said. “It’s time now they begin the road to reconciliation and that requires many government leaders.”\nThe Dene Nation isn’t alone in producing its own housing strategy. Ultimately, one test of the Liberals’ new strategy will be whether it can withstand the sheer number of Indigenous governments lining up for significant sums of direct funding to address deficiencies.\nThe Yellowknives Dene First Nation also has a strategy that focuses on helping its members to own their homes, a challenge in many northern communities.\nJason Snaggs, the First Nation’s chief executive, previously told Cabin Radio direct federal funding would bring that strategy to life.\nAt the Northwest Territory Métis Nation, Garry Bailey requested that Trudeau travel to the Northwest Territories to see the housing crisis first-hand. Bailey believes that might motivate the federal government to hasten the settlement of land claims.\n“The government did commit to housing for all people – not just certain people,“ Bailey said. ”I think there’s definitely a lot of work that needs to be done to get people into their own homes.“\nInuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the national Inuit group, listed the housing deficit among 15 priorities for a new Canadian government to tackle.\n“ITK has welcomed recent federal investments in infrastructure and housing in Inuit Nunangat and calls on the next federal government to pledge major new and sustained investment in the region in order to bring it into Canada, uphold Canada’s human rights obligations, and help support economic development,“ a statement from the group read ahead of September 20’s polling day.\nMeanwhile, promises made in previous elections have still to fully play out.\nA Liberal National Housing Strategy unveiled in 2017 pledged more than $72 billion over 10 years to “build supply, making housing affordable, and address chronic homelessness.” That strategy has more than half a decade left to run.\nThis time around, the 2021 Liberal platform featured a housing plan that would make owning a home easier – for example by reducing mortgage costs and increasing incentives for young people – and build more of them.\nWhile the Liberal plan states it “refuses to pit urban against rural,” some of the 2021 platform – such as a homebuyers’ bill of rights that, in part, bans foreign ownership of homes for two years – may not directly tackle the specific challenges the N.W.T. currently faces.\nHowever, building more homes is something every government in the territory wants. A national co-investment fund already heavily used by the NWT (after some teething problems) is set to be doubled if the Liberals follow through on their campaign pledges, potentially giving the territory tens of millions of fresh dollars for homes.\nA “federal housing advocate” should also be appointed within the first 100 days of the Liberals’ new term, a position designed to work toward ending chronic homelessness and keep tabs on the federal government’s housing commitments.\nMcLeod said he is “confident that we’re going to start to see more investment for the long term” and argues residents will begin to see the issue being addressed on their streets.\nHe said: “I can foresee a real busy housing construction season coming up next year.”\nPrevious article‘Blindly going forward’: Urgent call for more COVID-19 testing as B.C. sees waits of hours or days\nNext articleKawartha Lakes implementing vaccine requirement for city meetings\nI am a New York-based reporter covering billionaires and their wealth for Earlynewspaper. Previously, I worked on the breaking news team at ENP covering money and markets. Before that, I wrote about investing for Money Magazine. I graduated from the University of St Andrews in 2018, majoring in International Relations and Modern History.\nThe CRB has ended. Here’s how it may impact Canadians’ taxes\nCOVID-19 outbreak declared at R. G. Sinclair Public College in Kingston\nNo timeline yet on vax policies for local schools\nJason Momoa roaming the U.S. for new docuseries\nsharlene paine - May 20, 2021\nThe Sizable Economic Stakes In the benefit of Joe Biden’s Vaccine Mandate\nWaseem - September 15, 2021\nZTE Axon 30 global launch set for September\nCyber security training platform Immersive Labs closes $75M Assortment C led by Perception...\nWaseem - June 14, 2021\nThune says Trump’s election claims aren’t productive if GOP wants to...\nLitman: Hannity had an unholy alliance with Trump. The 1st Amendment...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line462084"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9893938899040222,"wiki_prob":0.9893938899040222,"text":"The Providence Journal\nThe July 27, 2005 front page of\n\"Honest\" John Miller\nPeter Meyer\nMichael McDermott\nBill Corey\nDavid Ng[1]\nJuly 1, 1829; 192 years ago (1829-07-01)[2]\n75 Fountain Street\n29,957 daily\n38,500 Sunday\n(as of 2021)[3]\nwww.providencejournal.com\nMedia of the United States\nList of newspapers\nLogo of projo.com\nThe Providence Journal, colloquially known as the ProJo, is a daily newspaper serving the metropolitan area of Providence, Rhode Island, and is the largest newspaper in Rhode Island. The newspaper was first published in 1829 and is the oldest continuously-published daily newspaper in the United States. The newspaper has won four Pulitzer Prizes.\nThe Journal bills itself as \"America's oldest daily newspaper in continuous publication\",[2] a distinction that comes from the fact that The Hartford Courant, started in 1764, did not become a daily until 1837 and the New York Post, which began daily publication in 1801, had to suspend publication during strikes in 1958 and 1978.[4]\nThe beginnings of the Providence Journal Company started on January 3, 1820, when publisher \"Honest\" John Miller started the Manufacturers' & Farmers' Journal, Providence & Pawtucket Advertiser in Providence, published twice per week.[5] The paper's office was in the old Coffee House, at the corner of Market Square and Canal street.[6] The paper moved many times over the next few decades as it grew.\nBy 1829, demand for more timely news caused Miller to combine his existing publications into the Providence Daily Journal, published six days per week.[5] The first edition of the Providence Daily Journal appeared July 1, 1829.[7]\nKnowles, Anthony & Danielson\nDuring the years 1863 to 1884 the Journal was published by Knowles, Anthony & Danielson.[6] These were Joseph Knowles, George W. Danielson and Henry B. Anthony. During this period the paper would reach new heights of political influence, aligning itself with the Republican party and against Irish and Catholic immigrants.[8] Anthony would become one of Rhode Island's most powerful politicians, and go on to serve as Governor of Rhode Island and United States Senator.\nDuring the Knowles, Anthony & Danielson years, the paper became known for its strong support of the Republican Party, and became known by the nickname \"The Republican Bible\". The Republican party ruled the state for much of the mid-1800s, and the Journal was their mouthpiece.[8] During the Danielson/Anthony years, the paper was solidly allied with textile mill owners and big business, and frequently gave support to nativist anti-Irish Catholic sentiment.[8]\nIn 1877, Danielson hired Charles Henry Dow, a young journalist with an interest in history. At the Journal, Dow developed a \"news index\" which summarized stories of historic interest.[9] It is possible this was an early inspiration for Dow's later development of his \"stock index\" at the Wall Street Journal.[9] While at the Journal Dow wrote a series on \"The History of Steam Navigation between New York and Providence.\"[9] Dow also traveled to Colorado to report on the Colorado Silver Boom and the Leadville miners' strike; these stories were published in May and June 1879.[9] On the Colorado trip, Dow traveled with a team of Wall Street financiers and geologists, leading Dow to leave Providence for New York City in 1879 to advance his career as a reporter on mining stocks.[9]\nIn 1863, Danielson launched an evening edition, called the Evening Bulletin.[7] In 1885, a Sunday edition was added, making the publication schedule seven days per week. After Danielson's death, the paper became less partisan, and by 1888 declared its political independence.[5]\nAlfred M. Williams, editor from 1884 to 1891, broke from the Republican party and advocated for government reform, women's suffrage, and Indian rights.[10] In contrast to Danielson and Anthony, Williams had a sympathetic appreciation for the Irish culture.[10]\nWar years\nBefore American entry into World War I, Journal publisher and Australian immigrant John R. Rathom attempted to stir up public sentiment in favor of the war against the Central Powers. He frequently published exposés of German subversive activities in the United States, claiming that the Journal had intercepted secret German communications. By 1920, it was revealed that Rathom's information was supplied by British intelligence agents.[11] Nonetheless, Rathom remained editor until his death in 1923.[5]\nWilliam H. Garrison joined the staff in 1914, and became the publisher and vice president four years later, in 1918. He and his partners sold the paper to Senator Peter G. Gerry in 1923.[12]\nThe Journal dropped \"Daily\" from its name and became The Providence Journal in 1920. In 1992, the Bulletin was discontinued, and its name was appended onto that of the morning paper: The Providence Journal-Bulletin.\nStarting in 1925, the Journal became the first in the country to expand coverage statewide.[5] It had news bureaus throughout Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts, a trend that had been inaugurated in 1925 by then-managing editor Sevellon Brown. Bureaus in Westerly, South Kingstown, Warwick, West Warwick, Greenville, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, Newport, Bristol/Warren in Rhode Island, and Attleboro and Fall River, in Massachusetts, were designed to make sure that reporters were only 20 minutes away from breaking news.[13]\nIn 1937, the only competing Providence-based daily, the Star-Tribune, went bankrupt and was sold. The Providence Journal company bought it and kept it running for four months, then shut it down.[5]\nThe paper also had a variety of regional editions, which it called \"zones\", that focused on city and town news. The system produced an intense focus on local news typically seen only in small-town newspapers. For example, everyone who died in the Journal's coverage area, rich or poor, received a free staff-written obituary.[citation needed]\nPostwar Pulitzers\nChief editorial writer George W. Potter won the Journal's first Pulitzer in 1945 for a series of essays, and the entire editorial staff won in 1953 for local deadline reporting.[5]\nUncovering Nixon tax scandal\nDuring the 1970s, reporter Jack White, then manager of the Providence Journal-Bulletin bureau in Newport, Rhode Island, cultivated sources among Newport's elite.[14] One source passed on to White evidence that President Richard Nixon had paid taxes amounting to $792.81 in 1970 and $878.03 in 1971, despite earning more than $400,000.[14] White discovered that Nixon had illegally back-dated the donation of his papers to the National Archives, in order to avoid a new law which made such donations ineligible for tax deductions.[14]\nThe night he was prepared to write the story, in September 1973, the union representing reporters at the newspaper voted to go on strike.[15] White would later recall rolling the story out of his typewriter, folding it up and putting it in his wallet.[15] He said he never thought about giving the story to management, even though he risked missing the story.[15] Twelve days later, the strike ended, and the story ran on October 3, 1973.[15]\nAt an Associated Press Managing Editors convention the following month, Journal reporter Joseph Ungaro asked Nixon about the story.[14] Nixon replied with a quote that was to become associated with him for the rest of his life: \"People have got to know whether or not their president is a crook. Well, I am not a crook.\"[14] Shortly after this, the I.R.S. audited Nixon's tax returns. By December 1973, Nixon, under pressure, released five years of tax documents.[14] This set a precedent for Presidents and presidential candidates to release tax returns, a custom that continued to 2016.[14] White's story forced Nixon to pay hundreds of thousands of dollars in owed taxes. The story won White the 1974 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.[14]\nIn 1988 the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSICOP) presented reporter C. Eugene Emery Jr. with the Responsibility in Journalism Award for his researched claims of faith-healer Ralph A. DiOrio and wrote about the results in his journal.[16][17]\nIn the 1990s, rising production costs and declines in circulation prompted the Journal to consolidate both the bureaus and the editions. The editors tried to reinvigorate the coverage of city and town news in 1996, but competition from the Internet added fuel to the decline.\nIn 1997, the Livingston Award, sometimes called the \"Pulitzer Prize for the Young,\"[18][19] was awarded to Journal reporter C. J. Chivers for International Reporting for his series on the collapse of commercial fishing in the North Atlantic.[20] Chivers, aged 32[18] when he won the award, left the Journal in 1999[21] to go to The New York Times.[18]\nLabor troubles\nIn 2001, reports in industry journals suggested that the Providence Journal was suffering from labor troubles, in which a \"poisoned\" workplace atmosphere led to a \"talent hemorrhage.\"[22] At least 35 news staffers left the paper between January 2000 and summer 2001, including 16 reporters, seven desk editors, two managerial staffers, and 10 administrative staff members.[22] Publisher Howard Sutton denied there was a high turnover and called it normal attrition.[22]\nIn 2001 the Providence Newspaper Guild filed 44 charges of alleged unfair labor practices with the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) between December 1999 and June 2001. Judge William G. Kocol held a hearing on the complaints and found in the union's favor on 28 complaints in his ruling.\nIn June 2001, Livingston Award-winning former Journal reporter C.J. Chivers added to the allegations when he wrote an open letter to Belo chairman Robert Decherd, critical of Belo's management.[21] In the letter he expressed concern that poor management was responsible for the departure of 57 employees.[21] He accused management of \"assuming a counterproductive attitude toward its staff,\" which included fights over expenses, and over-reliance on freelancers and interns.[21] Executive Editor Alan Rosenberg retired in December 2020 after four decades, replaced by David Ng.[1]\nFinancial problems and sale\nIn the face of declining revenue, the paper began charging for obituaries on January 4, 2005.\nThe paper's last Massachusetts edition was published on March 10, 2006. On Oct. 10, 2008, the paper stopped publishing all of its zoned editions in Rhode Island and laid off 33 news staffers, including three managers. Even during the Great Depression, the Journal had not terminated news staff to cut costs.\nThe next few years included an extensive campaign to make the Internet version of the paper profitable. The Journal aggressively marketed its news on the web, pushing to get detailed stories onto its website, projo.com, before competing radio, television and other print outlets. But circulation continued to decline and online advertising failed to compensate.\nIn June 2011, the Journal laid off more than a dozen employees and eliminated its Promotion Department which had internally handled the newspaper's marketing and community affairs events for decades.\nOn Oct. 18, 2011, with circulation down to about 94,000 on weekdays and 129,000 on Sundays (down from 164,000 and over 231,000 in 2005),[23] the Journal renamed its website providencejournal.com, a move which meant that most of the previous Internet links to its content no longer worked. It also began implementing a system to require online readers to pay for content. Interactive images of its newspaper pages were initially available on personal computers and on the iPad for free. The paywall was put in place on February 28, 2012. The new website was part of a larger rebranding project by Nail Communications which also included a campaign entitled \"We Work For The Truth\".[24] The rebranding failed to stem the circulation decline.\nThroughout most of its history, the paper was privately owned. After the Journal became publicly traded and had acquired several television stations throughout the country (as well as cable television systems under the banner of Colony Communications; these systems were sold to Continental Cablevision in 1995), it was sold to the Dallas-based Belo Corp. in 1996. Belo also owned several television stations. The company later split into two entities and one, A. H. Belo, took control of the newspapers.\nOn Dec. 4, 2013, A. H. Belo announced that it was seeking a buyer for the Journal, including its headquarters on 75 Fountain St. and its separate printing facility.[25] The company said it wanted to focus on business interests in Dallas. Workers were not surprised because the announcement came after the company sold one of its other papers, the Riverside Press-Enterprise in California.[26]\nA. H. Belo announced on July 22, 2014, that it was selling the paper's assets to New Media Investment Group Inc., parent company of Fairport, N.Y.-based GateHouse Media, for $46 million. By then, the Journal's Monday through Friday circulation had dropped to 74,400, with an average of 99,100 on Sundays. Its website was getting 1.4 million unique users on an average month.[27] The sale was completed on Sept. 3, 2014, as several employees, including widely respected columnist Bob Kerr, were told they would not be transferred to the new company.\nBernie Szachara, senior vice president for publishing and group publisher at Local Media Group, a division of GateHouse Media, assumed the title of interim publisher, succeeding Howard G. Sutton.[28] On Feb. 27, 2015, Janet Hasson was named president and publisher of the Journal. (The GateHouse Media news release announcing the appointment [29] incorrectly reported that Hasson was the paper's first female publisher. That distinction belongs to Mary Caroline Knowles, who was publisher from 1874 until 1879.[30][31])\nIn 2019, Journal parent company GateHouse Media purchased Gannett, the publisher of USA Today.[32] This purchase established GateHouse as the largest newspaper company in the United States \"by far,\"[32] and also provided the Providence Journal with access to publish stories from the USA Today Network of newspapers.[33]\nFalling circulation\nIn October 2015, average daily paid circulation was 89,452 on Sundays[34] and 70,600 on weekdays.[35] By June 2017, circulation was down to about 72,000 on Sundays and 56,000 on weekdays.[36] In 2021 those figures dropped to 38,500 on Sundays and 29,957 weekdays; by contrast, both figures in 1990 were over 200,000.[3]\nThe paper in its early days changed headquarters frequently as the paper grew.[37]\nThe paper's original office was in the old Coffee House, at the corner of Market Square and Canal street.[6] In 1823 it moved to the Union building, on the west side of the bridge, and in the following year to the Granite building, Market Square.[6] In May, 1833, the office moved again to the Whipple building on College street.[6] From 1844 to 1871, the paper was housed at the Washington buildings.[6] In July, 1871 the paper moved to the Barton block on Weybosset street.[6] In May, 1889, the paper purchased the Fletcher building at the corner of Westminster, Eddy and Fulton streets.[6]\nIn 1905 the paper announced its move from Eddy Street to a brand new building next door at the corner of Eddy and Westminster St.[37] The old building was demolished, and the new building extended over the site of the old.[37] The ornate new building was designed in the Beaux-Arts style by Robert Swain Peabody of the noted Boston firm of Peabody & Stearns. It was completed in 1906.[38] The Journal moved in 1934 to its present building on Fountain Street where the original Benny's store was located.[37][39]\nThe Old Providence Journal Building at 203 Westminster St. seen from the corner of Westminster and Eddy Streets\nPlaque on the Old Providence Journal Building\nThe current home of The Providence Journal on Fountain Street\nProduction facility on Kinsey Avenue\nJournalism prizes and awards\nChief editorial writer George W. Potter won the Journal's first Pulitzer in 1945 for a series of editorials on freedom of the press[40]\nIn 1950, editor Sevellon Brown and reporter Ben Bagdikian received Honorable Mention from the Peabody Awards for a series of commentaries and criticisms of broadcasts by Walter Winchell[41]\nIn 1953 the editorial staff won the Pulitzer for local reporting their spontaneous and cooperative coverage of a bank robbery and police chase leading to the capture of the bandit.[42]\nIn 1974, reporter Jack White won a Pulitzer Prize in National Reporting for investigating President Richard Nixon's Federal income tax payments in 1970 and 1971.[43]\nIn 1994, the Journal won a Pulitzer Prize in Investigative Reporting for exposing corruption in the Rhode Island court system[44]\nIn 1997, the Livingston Award, sometimes called the \"Pulitzer Prize for the Young,\"[18][19] was awarded to Journal reporter C. J. Chivers for International Reporting for his series on the collapse of commercial fishing in the North Atlantic.[20]\nIn 2016, the Journal was named New England Newspaper of the Year by the New England Newspaper and Press Association. The Journal also received the top editorial writing and public service awards.[45]\nNotable contributors\nSee also: Category:The Providence Journal people\nHenry B. Anthony\nBen Bagdikian\nC. J. Chivers\nCharles Henry Dow\nPhilip Terzian\nRuth Tripp\nJoseph Ungaro\nRobert Whitcomb\nThe Providence Journal has been sold for $3 daily since the spring of 2019. It is $5 on Sundays and Thanksgiving Day and be higher outside Rhode Island and adjacent states.\nVolume numbering\nThrough the paper's long history, there have been some inconsistencies in its volume numbering. In 1972, when the Saturday editions of the Journal and Bulletin were combined to create the Journal-Bulletin, the Saturday edition was reset to become Volume 1, Number 1.[2] The daily edition of the paper followed suit in 1995 (becoming Volume XXIII) upon the termination of the Evening Bulletin.[2] In July 2017, the Journal announced it was reverting to the original volume numbering. The Friday, July 21, 2017, edition of the newspaper was set to become Vol. CLXXXIX, No. 1, to mark the first paper of the 189th year.[2]\nIn the television series Gilmore Girls, Rory Gilmore has a job interview at the newspaper.\nIn the Farrelly brothers film Hall Pass, Owen Wilson's character Rick can be seen reading a copy of the newspaper in one scene.\nJournalism portal\nRhode Island portal\n^ a b \"David Ng named executive editor of The Providence Journal\". ABC News. Associated Press. 22 January 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.\n^ a b c d e Rosenberg, Alan (16 July 2017). \"The Providence Journal's 188th-birthday mystery\". Providence, Rhode Island: The Providence Journal. p. A2. Archived from the original on 16 July 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2017.\n^ a b \"Projo's Circulation Falls to 29,957 - Paper Announces More Restrictions to Online Content\". Go Local Prov. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.\n^ \"Digital Extra: The Journal's 175th Anniversary - For the record\". The Providence Journal Co. 2004-07-21. Archived from the original on 2011-06-22. Retrieved 2010-08-28.\n^ a b c d e f g \"The Providence Journal Company - Company Profile, Information, Business Description, History, Background Information on The Providence Journal Company\". Reference for Business. Retrieved 22 March 2015.\n^ a b c d e f g h Smith, H.P. (1902). \"\"The Printer and the Press\"\". State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations at the End of the Century Vol, II. Boston & Syracuse: The Mason Publishing Company. pp. 563–611. Retrieved 6 November 2017.\n^ a b Greene, Welcome Arnold (1886). The Providence Plantations for 250 Years. Providence, RI: J.A. & R.A. Reid, Publishers and Printers. pp. 318–319.\n^ a b c McLoughlin, William G (1986). Rhode Island: A History. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. pp. 140–141, 150. ISBN 0393302717.\n^ a b c d e \"Charles Henry Dow\". American National Biography Online. American National Biography. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ a b Conley, Patrick T. (22 April 2016). \"The Providence Journal and Irish independence\". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 6 November 2017.\n^ Arsenault, Mark (21 July 2004). \"WWI 100 Years: Journal editor Rathom lied about personal, paper's role in exposing German spies\". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 22 March 2015.\n^ \"JAMES CARR GARRISON, EDITOR, DIES AT 58; Publisher of The Pelham News-- One-Time Managing Editor of New York Press\". timesmachine.nytimes.com. Retrieved 2020-07-09.\n^ \"The Providence Journal Company\". FundingUniverse.com, Company Histories & Profiles. n.d. Retrieved 2012-03-24.\n^ a b c d e f g h Zuckoff, Mitchell (5 August 2016). \"Why We Ask to See Candidates' Tax Returns\". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ a b c d \"Obituary: Jack White, 63\". Cape Cod Times. 13 October 2005. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ \"Articles of Note\". The Skeptical Inquirer. 13 (4): 425. 1988.\n^ Shore, Lys Ann (1988). \"New Light on the New Age CSICOP's Chicago conference was the first to critically evaluate the New Age movement\". The Skeptical Inquirer. 13 (3): 226–235.\n^ a b c d Eisendrath, Charles R. (11 June 2014). \"New Livingston Awards Winners to the Fast Track\". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ a b \"Livingston Awards, \"Pulitzer of the Young,\" adds digital nominators, expands outreach and seeks endowment with new funding\". Knight Foundation. John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. 26 January 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ a b \"Library: Empty Nets: Atlantic Banks in Peril (series)\". University of Michigan. Wallace House. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ a b c d \"New York Times reporter cites poor morale at Providence Journal\". Guild Leader. XII (35). 3 July 2001. Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ a b c Wenner, Kathryn (July–August 2001). \"You Say Hemorrhage, I Say Attrition\". American Journalism Review (July–August 2001). Retrieved 2 October 2016.\n^ \"Projo hit by 61% drop in advertising since '05; digital declining\". WPRI.com. 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2012-03-24.\n^ Providence Journal Commercial - \"Truth\"\n^ \"A.H. Belo Hires Arkansas Firm to Explore Sale of the Providence Journal\". Rhode Island Public Radio. 2013-12-04. Retrieved 2013-12-19.\n^ \"Scott MacKay Commentary: Providence Journal, We Knew Ye Well\". Rhode Island Public Radio. 2013-12-06. Retrieved 2013-12-19.\n^ \"Longtime Journal publisher Sutton to retire; interim publisher named\". ProvidenceJournal.com. 2014-08-29. Retrieved 2014-08-29.\n^ \"New Media completes purchase of The Providence Journal\". ProvidenceJournal.com. 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-09-03.\n^ \"Accomplished media executive becomes first female publisher of The Providence Journal\". gatehousemedia.com. 2015-02-27. Archived from the original on 2015-03-26. Retrieved 2018-04-12. CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)\n^ \"Journal names new top editor\". ahbelo.com. 2014-04-14. Retrieved 2015-05-19.\n^ \"Janet Hasson, Gannett veteran, named president, publisher of The Providence Journal\". ProvidenceJournal.com. 2015-02-27. Retrieved 2015-05-19.\n^ a b \"Journal parent buying owner of USA Today\". The Providence Journal. The Associated Press. 5 August 2019. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2021.\n^ Rosenberg, Alan (7 November 2020). \"Opinion/Rosenberg: Readers asked what the USA TODAY Network is. Here's the answer\". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 22 May 2021.\n^ The Providence Sunday Journal, \"Statement of Ownership, Management and Circulation, Oct. 11, 2015, page E5\n^ The Providence Journal, \"Statement of Ownership, Management and Circulation, Oct. 6, 2015, page B7\n^ \"Projo reporters' union will march to protest pay cuts, use of freelancers\". wpri.com. 2017-09-20. Retrieved 2017-09-20.\n^ a b c d Delaney, Michael (16 July 2017). \"Time Lapse: Read all about it\". Providence, Rhode Island: The Providence Journal. p. F2. Archived from the original on 16 July 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2017.\n^ Woodward, Wm. McKenzie (2003). PPS/AIAri Guide to Providence Architecture. Photography by William Jagger Photography (1st ed.). Providence, Rhode Island: Providence Preservation Society and American Institute of Architects Rhode Island Chapter. pp. 86–87. ISBN 0-9742847-0-X.\n^ Arditi, Lynn. \"Benny's celebrates 90 years with a cap and a nod\". providencejournal.com. Retrieved 2018-08-29. Benny’s ... opened in 1924 on Fountain Street, where the Providence Journal building now stands\n^ \"1945 Pulitzer Prizes\". The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 7 October 2016.\n^ \"Providence Journal, Its Editor and Publisher, Sevellon Brown, and Ben Bagdikian, Reporter for the Series of Articles Analyzing the Broadcasts of Top Commentators\". Peabody: Stories that Matter. The Peabody Awards. Retrieved 7 October 2016.\n^ \"1953 Pulitzer Prizes\". The Pulitzer Prize. Retrieved 7 October 2016.\n^ Journal Staff (6 October 2016). \"Providence Journal named best in N.E.\" The Providence Journal. Retrieved 7 October 2016.\nThe Providence Journal mobile\nPolitifact Rhode island\nWikimedia Commons has media related to The Providence Journal.\nJohn Jeffry Louis III (chairman)\nMMAjunkie.com\nUSA Today Sports Weekly\nGannett regional daily newspapers in the United States\nAbilene Reporter-News\nAlice Echo-News Journal\nAmarillo Globe-News\nThe American News\nAnderson Independent-Mail\nAlamogordo Daily News\nThe Ardmoreite\nArgus Leader\nThe Arizona Republic\nLa Voz Arizona\nAsheville Citizen-Times\nThe Augusta Chronicle\nThe Barnstable Patriot\nBartlesville Examiner-Enterprise\nBastrop Daily Enterprise\nThe Baxter Bulletin\nBeauregard Daily News\nThe Beaver County Times\nBoone News-Republican\nBoonville Daily News\nBrownwood Bulletin\nBucks County Courier Times\nBurlington County Times\nThe Burlington Free Press\nCambridge Chronicle\nCarlsbad Current-Argus\nThe Carmi Times\nCharlevoix Courier\nCheboygan Daily Tribune\nChillicothe Constitution-Tribune\nChillicothe Gazette\nThe 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(Burlington)\nTimes Record News\nTimes Recorder\nThe Topeka Capital-Journal\nTreasure Coast Newspapers\nThe Tribune-Democrat\nThe Tuscaloosa News\nVentura County Star\nVero Beach Press Journal\nWatertown Public Opinion\nWausau Daily Herald\nThe Wayne Independent\nThe Wellington Daily News\nWellsville Daily Reporter\nWisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune\nBridgeTower Media business publications in the United States\nCasual Living\nCentral Penn Business Journal\nCharleston Regional Business Journal\nColumbia Regional Business Report\nThe Countian – Jefferson County\nThe Countian – St. Louis\nDaily Journal of Commerce (Oregon)\nDaily Journal of Commerce (Louisiana)\nDaily Record (Baltimore)\nThe Daily Record (Rochester)\nThe Daily Record – Kansas City\nDesigners Today\nFurniture Today\nGSA Business\nGifts & Decorative Accessories\nHome Accents Today\nHome Furnishings News\nHome Textiles Today\nIdaho Business Review\nThe Journal Record\nLehigh Valley Business\nMassachusetts Lawyers Weekly\nThe Mecklenburg Times\nMichigan Lawyers Weekly\nMinnesota Lawyer\nMissouri Lawyers Weekly\nNJBIZ\nNew Orleans CityBusiness\nNorth Carolina Lawyers Weekly\nPet Age\nRhode Island Lawyers Weekly\nRochester Business Journal\nSCBIZ\nSouth Carolina Lawyers Weekly\nSt. Charles County Business Record\nSt. Louis Daily Record\nWisconsin Law Journal\nNewsquest daily newspapers in the United Kingdom\nThe Argus, Brighton\nThe Bolton News\nTelegraph & Argus, Bradford\nDaily Gazette, Colchester\nDorset Echo\nEcho, Basildon, Essex\nGreenock Telegraph\nThe Herald, Glasgow\nNews Shopper, South East London & North West Kent\nLancashire Telegraph\nOxford Mail\nThe National, Scotland\n* The National, Wales\nThe Northern Echo\nThe Press, York\nSouthern Daily Echo, Southampton\nSwindon Advertiser\nWorcester News\nGateHouse Media\nAmerican Consolidated Media\nCalkins Media\nCommunity Newspaper Company\nHalifax Media Group\nHathaway Publishing\nLocal Media Group\nSchurz Communications\nStephens Media\nJournal Media Group\nPulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting\nPulitzer Prize for Local Reporting, No Edition Time (1953–1963)\nEdward J. Mowery\nAlvin McCoy\nRoland Kenneth Towery\nArthur Daley\nWallace Turner\nGeorge Beveridge\nJohn Harold Brislin\nMiriam Ottenberg\nEdgar May\nGeorge Bliss\nOscar Griffin Jr.\nPulitzer Prize for Local Investigative Specialized Reporting (1964–1984)\nJames V. Magee\nAlbert V. Gaudiosi\nFrederick Meyer\nGene Goltz\nJohn Anthony Frasca\nGene Miller\nJ. Anthony Lukas\nAl Delugach\nDenny Walsh\nHarold E. Martin\nWilliam Jones\nTimothy Leland\nGerard M. O'Neill\nStephen Kurkjian\nAnn Desantis\nThe Sun Newspapers of Omaha\nWilliam Sherman\nAcel Moore\nWendell Rawls Jr.\nAnthony R. Dolan\nGilbert M. Gaul\nElliot G. Jaspin\nAlexander B. Hawes Jr.\nNils Bruzelius\nJoan Vennochi\nRobert M. Porterfield\nClark Hallas\nRobert B. Lowe\nLoretta Tofani\nKenneth Cooper\nJoan Fitz Gerald\nJonathan Kaufman\nNorman Lockman\nGary McMillan\nKirk Scharfenberg\nDavid Wessel\nPulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting (1985–present)\nLucy Morgan\nJack Reed\nWilliam K. Marimow\nJeffrey A. Marx\nMichael M. York\nDaniel R. Biddle\nH.G. Bissinger\nFredric N. Tulsky\nDean Baquet\nWilliam C. Gaines\nAnn Marie Lipinski\nLou Kilzer\nJoseph T. Hallinan\nSusan M. Headden\nLorraine Adams\nDan Malone\nJeff Brazil\nProvidence Journal-Bulletin\nStephanie Saul\nThe Orange County Register\nEric Nalder\nDeborah Nelson\nAlex Tizon\nGary Cohn\nSang-Hun Choe\nCharles J. Hanley\nMartha Mendoza\nDavid Willman\nSari Horwitz\nScott Higham\nSarah Cohen\nClifford J. Levy\nMichael D. Sallah\nJoe Mahr\nMitch Weiss\nNigel Jaquiss\nSusan Schmidt\nJames V. Grimaldi\nR. Jeffrey Smith\nBrett Blackledge\nWalt Bogdanich\nJake Hooker\nDavid Barstow\nBarbara Laker\nWendy Ruderman\nSheri Fink\nPaige St. John\nMatt Apuzzo\nAdam Goldman\nEileen Sullivan\nChris Hawley\nMichael J. Berens\nAlejandra Xanic von Bertrab\nChris Hamby\nEric Lipton\nLeonora LaPeter Anton\nAnthony Cormier\nMichael Braga\nEsther Htusan\nEric Eyre\nMatt Hamilton\nHarriet Ryan\nPaul Pringle\nBrian Rosenthal\nGannett publications\n1829 establishments in Rhode Island\nMass media in Providence, Rhode Island\nNewspapers published in Rhode Island\nPulitzer Prize-winning newspapers\nPublications established in 1829","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line162765"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5052317380905151,"wiki_prob":0.49476826190948486,"text":"August 26, 2016 Carroll Insider - We're Off and Running!\nWelcome Class of 2020!\nStudents are moved in, classes have begun, and campus is bustling! We are excited to begin the 2016-17 school year and welcome the class of 2020 to campus. For more photos of move-in day, visit here.\nGuatemala Grant\nTo help continue the important work being done by Carroll College’s Engineers Without Borders in Guatemala, the Foundation for the Diocese of Helena recently awarded CC-EWB a grant in the amount of $2,000. This grant funding will be used for the continuation of the seismic retrofit wall construction at the Instituto La Asuncion school located in Santo Tomas La Union, Guatemala. Read more.\nSaints in the News\nA budding relationship between a Ugandan priest, Rev. Julius Bwowe, parishioners of the Cathedral of St. Helena and the Carroll College Chapter of Engineers Without Borders is working to help hundreds of Ugandans access clean water.\nCC-EWB made its first trip to Kawango, a community of 350, this past May to assess the needs and begin to develop solutions.\n“There’s been a calling for us to be with Father Julius in Uganda and the students are excited to develop and work on this long-term relationship,” said Dr. John Scharf, professor of engineering and faculty advisor on the Uganda project. Read the story in the Helena IR here:\nHelena's academics, faith and philanthropy meet in east Africa\nAs a product of Carroll's Entrepreneur in Residence program, senior Ty Irving and 2016 grad Joe Stoutt recently held a launch party of their new company Big Skylines, Montana's first and only designer athletic sock company. At the launch, held at fourOsix in downtown Helena, they unveiled their first product: Helena Hightops. The 406 on your feet!\nCarroll’s Nursing Department started off the academic year with the tradition of welcome and celebration at the Annual Blessing of the Hands Ceremony, which recognizes the dedication of nurses to bring comfort, kindness, respect, and spiritual support to patients. See more photos of this special ceremony here.\nAssistant professor of biology Dr. Stephanie Otto-Hitt was recently awarded $5,000 from the Ciliate Genomics Consortium's NSF IUSE grant to help cover the cost of supplies related to an open-investigation style Tetrahymena lab module in her first-year biology course this fall. This is the second grant she has been awarded from the consortium having received a $1,000 this past winter for her molecular biology lab class. Thank you to the CGC for this most generous award for our students!\nRick Reese, former political science professor at Carroll from 1970-74, was one of the rescuers featured in a documentary film which recently aired on PBS regarding the 1967 Grand Teton rescue of an injured climber and his companion. A trailer for The Grand Rescue: A True Story of the 1967 Jenny Lake Rangers can be viewed here.\nThomas Hoffman, M.D., '98, Medical Director, Acadia Montana, Butte, MT. Read announcement here.\nEzekial “Zeke” Koslosky ‘16, recently received a $12,000 scholarship from the Loge Family Medical Scholarship Fund to continue his education. He will attend medical school through the WWAMI program of the University of Washington. Read announcement here.\nRose Mary (Baker) Sheehan, class of 1954 - read more about her life here.\nRichard A. Tomcheck '53 - read more about his life here.\nEmployment at Carroll\nHave you ever thought about working at Carroll? You should – we are pretty nice folks at a pretty great place. Check out our current openings.\nAssistant Professor in Theology\nArt Adjuncts\nNursing Clinical Lab Facilitator\nCanine Training Assistant\nIn addition, WorldMontana, which is located on Carroll College’s campus in conjunction with the Artaza Center for Excellence in Global Education, is looking for a new Executive Director. WorldMontana is non-profit organization dedicated to connecting Montana to the world through global education and exchanges with international visitors. While operationally separate from Carroll College, the college provides WM with office space and is supportive of their work in bringing international visitors to campus and into the Helena community.\nWhat is the Greatest Unsolved Mathematics Problem of Modern Times? A public debate with Dr. Kelly Cline vs. Dr. Eric Sullivan, Sept. 7, 7 p.m.,101/202 Simperman/Wiegand Amphitheatre, Carroll College\nIn the year 2000, the Clay Mathematics Institute announced that they would award a one million dollar prize for solutions to any of seven challenging mysteries in mathematics. One of these mysteries has now been solved, and six are still out there. What is the most important of these unsolved problems? Dr. Sullivan and Dr. Cline will argue which of the remaining six they feel is the most important. At the end of this debate, the audience will vote on which of these two problems is the most important unsolved mathematics problem of modern times. This event is free and open to the public.\nAnnual Constitution Day Lecture - The Anti-Federal Appropriation, Sept. 12, 7 p.m., Trinity Lounge, Carroll College\nSponsored by the Constitutional Studies Center at Carroll College and made possible by a generous gift from the Apgar Foundation, Carroll's Annual Constitution Day lecture will feature Dr.Jeffrey K. Tulis, an associate professor in the Department of Government at the University of Texas at Austin.\nIn his lecture titled, “The Anti-Federal Appropriation,” Professor Tulis will explain how Anti-Federalists — those who originally opposed the U.S. Constitution — and their heirs \"have exploited the iterative character of The Federalist to gain through interpretation what they lost in ratification of the Constitution regarding federalism, separation of powers, and executive power.”\nAll students, faculty, staff, and members of the community are invited to attend. This lecture is the first in a series of events designed to bring heightened attention to the tradition of constitutional government.\n7th Annual Carroll College ASCE Student Chapter Fundraiser Golf Tournament, Sept. 16, Bill Roberts Golf Course, Helena\nYou have the opportunity to help raise money for Carroll American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Student Chapter activities and win great prizes in the process. All levels of golfers are welcome and encouraged to play. Hole contests and prizes! Registration fees before Sept. 3: $90/person (includes cart) and $320/4-person team (includes 2 carts). For registration and sponsorship forms, contact Gary Fischer, ASCE Faculty Advisor, at gfischer@carroll.edu or 406-447-4571.\nAmanda Lipp – National Alliance on Mental Illness Lecture, Sept. 19, 7 p.m., Lower Campus Center, Carroll College\nCarroll College and NAMI Helena are bringing Amanda Lipp, 24, to campus to speak about mental illness. Since age 19, Amanda has given over 150 speeches around the country regarding mental and behavioral health. Her messages come from a place of passion from experiencing psychiatric hospitalization her freshman year of college, to consulting professionally in mental health care and serving on national boards. Her messages intersect with her passion for film and the fine arts, tapping into creativity as mechanisms to support individuals and communities. This event is free and the Helena community is invited to attend.\nCapital Punishment, Catholicism, and Pope Francis, Sept. 29, 7 p.m., Lower Campus Center, Carroll College\nLiturgy and God’s Justice for All: Capital Punishment, Catholicism, and Pope Francis with Tobias Wright is sponsored by the Carroll College Theology Department, Hunthausen Center for Peace and Justice, Archbishop Hunthausen Professor for Peace and Justice, and Dr. James and Joan Schneller Endowed Professorship in Catholic Mission and Identity.\nPope Francis's support for the abolition of capital punishment and his call for a worldwide moratorium on executions during this Holy Year of Mercy have generated questions about current Catholic teaching on the death penalty. This presentation gives attention to the history of Catholic teaching about capital punishment, including how Scripture has been interpreted in connection with it, and it describes recent developments from Pope Saint John Paul II, through Emeritus Pope Benedict XVI, to Pope Francis.\nTobias Wright is a former correctional officer and reserve police officer who has also served as an ethics instructor for police officers. He is a Catholic moral theologian whose research and teaching addresses violence-related issues, environmental issues, and healthcare issues. He is the Maeder Endowed Associate Professor of Health Care Ethics and an Associate Professor of Christian Ethics at Saint Louis University. This lecture is free and open to the public.\nMark your calendars – Upcoming Alumni Events:\nHomecoming 2016: September 23-25\nMake plans now to return to campus this fall for Homecoming. All alumni, parents and friends are invited to attend. Special reunions will be held for the classes of 2006, 1996, 1986, 1976, 1971, 1966 and the Nursing Class of 1961.\nFor a full schedule and to register visit: www.carroll.edu/alumni/homecoming-family-weekend\nAlumni Award Nominations\nThe Office of Alumni Relations is currently seeking nominations for the following alumni awards:\nAlumni Hall of Fame Award\nAlumni Luminary Award\nFor details about these awards and how to submit nominations visit www.carroll.edu/alumni or email alumni@carroll.edu. Alumni awards are presented at the Founder's Day Dinner which will be held on Friday, November 4, 2016.\nConnect with us online or get the latest news via social media:","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1544459"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7765305042266846,"wiki_prob":0.7765305042266846,"text":"Joe Biden Launches LGBTQ Youth Program: ‘Every American Deserves to Be Treated With Dignity’\nWritten by Alexander Kacala on May 22, 2018\nFormer vice president Joe Biden, along with the YMCA of the USA, are launching an initiative to help LGBTQ youth and their families. In an op-ed written for CNN, Biden and Kevin Washington — CEO of Y-USA — reveal the obstacles and challenges faced by LGBTQ youth, and lay out exactly what their solution will be. The Joe Biden LGBTQ youth programming will first begin at selection of Ys, before rolling out to Ys nationwide.\n“Today, too many members of the LGBTQ community continue to face discrimination, harassment, rejection and physical violence every day at school, at work, in their neighborhoods and even in their homes,” write Biden and Washington.\nThe pair cite staggering statistics that reveal the painful obstacles LGBTQ youth face. This includes the facts that “LGBTQ youth are five times more likely to attempt suicide than their heterosexual peers,” and “they represent up to 40% of the homeless youth population even though they make up only about 7% of the overall youth population in the US.” They also point out that issues such as food insecurity, hate crimes and poverty affect queer people and need addressing.\n“Every American deserves to be treated with dignity and respect, but too many in the LGBTQ community are denied this basic human right today. This is unacceptable in a country founded on the belief that we all are created equal,” write Biden and Washington. “Equality and opportunity for all is the way to a brighter future, and at the Biden Foundation and the Y, this is the future we are working to create.”\nAt first, a selection of of Ys will develop locally focused strategies designed to engage and support local LGBTQ individuals and their families. These strategies may include “staff training; member outreach and engagement; program innovation for LGBTQ youth, adults, seniors and families; and community collaborations.” Over time, the best practices and tools developed by the initial selection of Ys will be taken to organizations nationwide.\nRELATED | These 5 Organizations Are Dedicated to Assisting Homeless LGBTQ Youth\n“This kind of work — work to ensure everyone has a fair shot at the American dream and to build stronger, more welcoming communities — is what drives our organizations, and we call upon others to join,” the pair write.\nBiden has been a longtime advocate and ally to the LGBTQ community. Back in 2012, he beat Barack Obama by publicly declaring his support for same-sex marriage first during an interview with Meet the Press.\n“I am vice president of the United States of America,” Biden answered when asked . “The president sets the policy. I am absolutely comfortable with the fact that men marrying men, women marrying women, and heterosexual men and women marrying another are entitled to the same exact rights, all the civil rights, all the civil liberties. And quite frankly, I don’t see much of a distinction — beyond that.”\nThen President Obama followed suit a few days later. A book published in 2016 revealed that Biden’s support for same-sex marriage forced Obama’s hand on the issue.\nThat same year, Biden called transgender rights the “civil rights issue of our time.” He used that phrase again in October 2015 when announcing he wanted to end the military’s ban on transgender people serving openly. “No longer is there any question transgender people are able to serve in the United States military,” he said, while the administration was still reviewing the policy.\nBiden is the rebel ally the LGBTQ community has always needed. We’re looking forward to seeing him continue to fight the good fight for us, especially when it is in the name of our youth, a population in our community who needs the support most of all.\nWhat do you think of the Joe Biden LGBTQ youth programming? Sound off in the comments below and on Facebook.\nJoe Biden LGBTQ youth\nMotivate Yourself to Get Fit Without All the Body-Shaming\nThe Nazi Regime Set the Trans Rights Movement Back Decades. Here's How.\nMountain-Climbing Mixed With Queer Activism: Pink Summits Takes LGBTQ Visibility to New Heights\nLoic, Who Grew Up Gay in Homophobic Cameroon, Shares 'What Pride Means to Me'","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line836996"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9846383333206177,"wiki_prob":0.9846383333206177,"text":"Dragged back from abroad to face justice - the people who fled the UK after committing serious crimes\nTheir efforts to leave the country frustrated the authorities but they were brought back to face justice in the courts\nAndrew BardsleyCourt reporter\nIrmantas Zvybas, Choudhry Ikhalaq Hussain, Michael Davis (Image: NCA, GMP)\nDon't miss out on the big stories from Manchester's courts with our weekly newsletter\nWhen criminals flee the country in a bid to avoid being prosecuted, the authorities have ways of bringing them back to the country to face justice.\nArrest warrants can be issued, and law enforcement colleagues across the world engaged in the search and capture.\nSome of serious crimes in the last 12 months would have gone unpunished were it not for international cooperation.\nHere, the M.E.N looks at Manchester cases where people have been brought back to the UK to face justice in our courts.\nIrmantas Zvybas\nIrmantas Zvybas (Image: National Crime Agency)\nZvybas faced justice nearly a decade after committing crimes, acting as a 'foot solider' in a criminal gang which helped people illegally enter the UK.\nBack in 2011, Zvybas was living in Cheetham Hill and made trips to Italy and France, where he met two Albanian people he didn't know.\nHe returned to the UK with them, giving them a legitimate passport belonging to someone else 'who bore physical similarities' to them.\nThe first trip was apparently successful, but after returning from France he was questioned at Luton Airport.\nZvybas was not arrested and was released, believing there would be no further prosecution, Manchester Crown Court heard.\nIt was only about a decade later that he faced justice - arrested at Riga airport in Latvia, 'out of the blue,' while on holiday with his family.\nA European arrest warrant had been issued nine years earlier, and Zvybas was extradited to the UK and remanded in Strangeways.\nIn January last year, Zvybas, 30, was jailed for 10 months after pleading guilty to two counts of assisting unlawful immigration.\nThe National Crime Agency said neither of the two people who accompanied Zvybas back to the UK were granted entry.\nGang helped people from Albania try to enter the UK illegally using 'lookalike' passports - this 'foot soldier' thought his crimes had been forgotten\nChoudhry Ikhalaq Hussain\nChoudhry Ikhalaq Hussain (Image: PA)\nHussain was 'living the good life' in Pakistan when he should have been in jail.\nDuring his 2016 trial, at which he was later convicted of the rape and sexual abuse of a child, Hussain told his barrister that a relative had died and he wanted to attend their funeral at a mosque in the west Midlands.\nAs he was on bail, and was free to leave court each evening, the judge gave him permission.\nBut the funeral was a lie and he fled to Pakistan.\nHussain, 42, from Rochdale, had earlier been ordered to hand over his passport, but he said he had lost it and would order a new one.\nIn fact he hadn't lost the passport and used it to leave the country.\nHe was caught in Pakistan in 2019 and brought back to the UK following a 'long and drawn out process'.\nHussain had been convicted at trial and sentenced in his absence to 19 years in jail in January 2016 for two counts of rape; three counts of sexual activity with a child; and one count of conspiracy to rape.\nIn January last year, Hussain was brought before the same judge at Minshull Street Crown Court, who imposed the sentence and described him as a 'devious sexual predator'.\n'Wicked sexual predator' who raped child ran for three years. He was hunted down 4,000 miles away - and has finally been locked up\nHashem Abedi\nHashem Abedi (Image: PA)\nAbedi was brought back to the UK to face justice for his role in the Manchester Arena bombing.\nAbedi had left the UK for Libya in April 2017, a month prior to the atrocity which claimed the lives of 22 people.\nUnlike his brother Salman Abedi, who returned to Manchester to carry out the suicide bombing, Hashem Abedi remained in Libya.\nHashem Abedi was extradited to the UK in July 2019.\nProsecutors said Hashem Abedi helped plan the atrocity.\nFollowing a trial at London's Old Bailey, Hashem Abedi, 23, was convicted of 22 counts of murder; attempted murder; and plotting to cause an explosion likely to endanger life.\nHe was handed 24 life sentences in August last year, and ordered to serve a minimum term of 55 years before he can be considered for parole.\n'His sentence will never compare to the sentence we have' - bereaved families speak out as Hashem Abedi jailed for life\nMichael Davis (Image: GMP)\nDavis fled to Spain after being arrested.\nPolice searched a flat above a takeaway where he was living and found seven firearms, 145 rounds of ammunition and class A drugs worth more than £38,000 on the streets.\nThose firearms were linked to a number of shootings which took place across Greater Manchester.\nAfter being arrested and bailed 54-year-old Davis fled to Spain, where he remained at large until he was brought back to the UK on an international warrant.\nProsecutors at Manchester Crown Court said a locked bedroom in the flat in Blackley was being used as a 'safe house' to store the items.\nDavis was the key holder for the flat and acted as a 'warehouseman', the court heard.\nSentencing in December, Judge Suzanne Goddard QC told him: \"There is no evidence to link you to the shootings, but what this shows is how such weapons can be used in a criminal way in the crime fraternity.\"\nDavis, of Shaw Road, Rochdale, was jailed for six years and six months after admitting conspiracy to possess prohibited firearms and ammunition.\nBrothers Safeer Ali, 36, Khateer Ali, 35, and Qabeer Ali, 32, had been previously jailed for their part in the conspiracy.\nSafeer Ali was jailed for nine years and six months for conspiracy to possess a firearm and ammunition.\nQabeer Ali and Khateer Ali admitted supplying drugs. Qabeer was sentenced to six years and Khateer to four-and-a-half.\n‘Warehouseman’ jailed after haul of firearms and drugs found above takeaway in police raid\nJoseph Morley\nJoseph Morley was jailed for two years and four months (Image: Liverpool Echo)\nMorley spent years on the run after conspiring to smuggle cocaine and heroin into the UK through Manchester Airport.\nHe spent time on cruise when he was supposed to be in jail.\nMore than 20 years after receiving his sentence, he was back before the courts.\nLiverpool Crown Court heard that in 1995 Morley was jailed for 15 years for conspiring to smuggle cocaine and heroin into the UK through Manchester Airport, but he spent 17 of the last 20 years on the run across Europe.\nHe used a number of bogus passports and forged documents.\nBy May 7, 2000, Morley was allowed periods of home leave from prison.\nBut he failed to return to HMP Kirkham in Lancashire, despite having only 20 months of his sentence left to serve.\nHe was given another four month sentence in 2010 after admitting breaching custody requirements, was released on licence in 2012 but left the country after being recalled to prison in 2013.\nMorley, 57, was arrested in November after applying for a passport in his own name.\nMorley, of Alvington Road, Hightown, admitted remaining unlawfully at large after recall to prison and three counts of making a false instrument.\nIn December he was jailed for two years and four months.\nThe 'catch me if you can' drug trafficker back behind bars after years on the run\nKelly Gray\nKelly Gray (Image: GMP)\nGray fled to Ireland and was brought back to the UK after a European arrest warrant was issued.\nShe had killed 23-year-old David Gavin, stabbing him once to the neck after a row.\nA dispute over damage to a van escalated and left the young dad fatally injured.\nA kitchen fitter who had been working at Mr Gavin's home in Rochdale had his van damaged.\nMr Gavin believed members of the Gray family were responsible for the damage, and after he and others confronted them, a fight broke out.\nGray, 32, arrived at the scene shortly after, running towards the brawl armed with a knife and stabbing Mr Gavin once to the neck.\nMr Gavin died following the incident in May last year.\nGray was caught three months later and brought back to the UK.\nShe admitted manslaughter on the grounds of a loss of control and was jailed for 10 years in October last year.\nIt began with an argument over damage to a van... escalated into a fist fight and ended with a mum stabbing a young dad to death\nGet breaking news first on the free Manchester Evening News app - download it here for your Apple or Android device. You can also get a round-up of the biggest stories sent direct to your inbox every day with the MEN email newsletter - subscribe here. And you can follow us on Facebook here.\nPiccadilly GardensDramatic video shows moment 'loud bang' is heard in McDonald's as police respond to massive fight involving 100'It was like something out of a Hollywood film'\nNovak Djokovic 'extremely disappointed' after losing Australian visa appeal\nTennisThe tennis star will now be deported from the country, so will not be defending his title at the Australian Open","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1110078"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.927483081817627,"wiki_prob":0.927483081817627,"text":"Rachel Croson\nExecutive Vice President/Provost, Academic Affairs/Provost\nEmailrcrosonumnedu\nProjects and Grants (1)\nRachel T.A. Croson came to the University of Minnesota from Michigan State University (MSU), where she served as Dean of the College of Social Science and MSU Foundation Professor of Economics. She is professor of economics, the 2018 winner of the Carolyn Shaw Bell Award and a Fellow of the AAAS, Class of 2021. Prior to her tenure at MSU, she served as dean of the School of Business at the University of Texas at Arlington, division director for Social and Economic Sciences at the National Science Foundation, professor and director of the Negotiations Center at the University of Texas at Dallas, and associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School. She earned her bachelor's degree in economics and the philosophy of science from the University of Pennsylvania and her master's and Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University.\nExpertise related to UN Sustainable Development Goals\nIn 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. This person’s work contributes towards the following SDG(s):\nThe Fingerprint is created by mining the titles and abstracts of the person's research outputs and projects/funding awards to create an index of weighted terms from discipline-specific thesauri.\nExperiment Business & Economics 100%\nVoluntary Provision Business & Economics 86%\nField Experiment Business & Economics 62%\nBehavioral Operations Business & Economics 53%\nCharitable Contributions Business & Economics 52%\nFund Raising Business & Economics 50%\nSocial Preferences Business & Economics 50%\nCOVID-19: Enhancing the Preparation of New Teachers to Impact Learning in Minnesota's PK-12 Schools\nErnst (she/hers), S., Croson, R. & Dillon, D. R.\nMN OFFICE OF HIGHER EDUCATION\nteacher 100%\nlearning 81%\nThe hidden costs of control (by Armin Falk and Michael Kosfeld)\nRazzolini, L. & Croson, R., Aug 27 2021, The Art of Experimental Economics: Twenty Top Papers Reviewed. Taylor and Francis Inc., p. 191-197 7 p.\nTransmission of information within transnational social networks: a field experiment\nCandelo, N., Croson, R. T. A. & Eckel, C., Dec 1 2018, In: Experimental Economics. 21, 4, p. 905-923 19 p.\nSocial Networks 100%\nField Experiment 96%\nHome Country 93%\nRisky Decision Making 44%\nRisky Decisions 42%\nEquity stakes and exit: An experimental approach to decomposing exit delay\nElfenbein, D. W., Knott, A. M. & Croson, R., Feb 1 2017, In: Strategic Management Journal. 38, 2, p. 278-299 22 p.\nEquity 100%\nExit 99%\nManagers 27%\nDecision Rights 24%\nIncentives 20%\nIdentity and social exclusion: an experiment with Hispanic immigrants in the U.S\nCandelo, N., Croson, R. T. A. & Li, S. X., Jun 1 2017, In: Experimental Economics. 20, 2, p. 460-480 21 p.\nLocal Public Goods 100%\nSocial Exclusion 97%\nImmigrants 63%\nEthnic Minorities 48%\nThe overconfident newsvendor\nRen, Y., Croson, D. C. & Croson, R. T. A., May 1 2017, In: Journal of the Operational Research Society. 68, 5, p. 496-506 11 p.\nNewsvendor 100%\nOverconfidence 93%\nProfit 46%\nNewsvendor Problem 35%\nMinnesota colleges bring students back to campus for summer classes, a test run for the fall\nRachel T Croson & Jeffrey A Gralnick\nThere’s No Good Reason to Hoard Anything, Especially Food\nRachel T Croson","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1604547"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6982991099357605,"wiki_prob":0.6982991099357605,"text":"Bob Saget Dead at 65\nErica Russell Published: January 9, 2022\nEmma McIntyre, Getty Images\nBob Saget has died, according to a report by TMZ. He was 65.\nAccording to \"multiple sources\" who spoke to the tabloid, the Full House icon passed away Sunday (Jan. 9) while at the Ritz-Carlton hotel in Orlando.\nAccording to TMZ's report, the Sheriff's Department as well as the fire department responded to Ritz-Carlton around 4 PM ET Sunday, after hotel security discovered the actor's body in his hotel room. Saget was pronounced dead on the scene.\nThe Orange County Sheriff's Office confirmed Saget's death via their official Twitter account.\nThe exact circumstances surrounding his death are unclear at this time, though the Sheriff's Office confirmed that detectives \"found no signs of foul play or drug use in this case.\"\nRobert \"Bob\" Saget, who is perhaps best known for his role as patriarch Danny Tanner on '80s and '90s sitcom Full House and its Netflix sequel series, Fuller House, as well as for his stand-up comedy career, was in town in Florida for his ongoing I Don't Do Negative comedy tour.\nThe former America's Funniest Home Videos host performed in Orlando at the Hard Rock Live on Friday night (Jan. 7) and then in Ponte Vedra Beach at the Ponte Vedra Concert Hall on Saturday night (Jan. 8).\nOn Saturday, Saget tweeted about his love for stand-up comedy following his show the same evening.\n\"Loved tonight’s show @PV_ConcertHall in Jacksonville,\" he wrote. \"Appreciative audience. Thanks again to @RealTimWilkins for opening. I had no idea I did a 2 hr set tonight. I’m happily addicted again to this sh--.\"\nSaget is survived by his wife, Kelly Rizzo, as well as three children: Aubrey, Lara and Jennifer.\nStars We Lost in 2021\nSource: Bob Saget Dead at 65\nFiled Under: Bob Saget\nCategories: National News","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1300228"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8196594715118408,"wiki_prob":0.8196594715118408,"text":"Tweak says, \"I thought I told you...!\"\nxavier delamere {the count of monte cristo} ( whatbefell) wrote in bellumlogs,\nEntry tags: count of monte cristo, mercedes mondego\nWho: Xavier and Gina\nWhat: It's a surprise! AKA, Gina's coming downstairs and we have no idea what's going to happen ...Or it's the great reveal.\nWhere: 1003\nWhen: August 1, Afternoon\nWarnings: No clue. Xavier's thoughts tend to be dark.\nAfter not hearing from the Renauds from several days left him antsy, hearing from Gina didn't help matters. Before he knew it his newest vase was in smithereens on the floor and Gina was set to come down. He didn't know where that idea came from - especially per the Count's suggestion he should be avoiding her. It didn't sit well with him that the man he was supposed to be disapproved of him. But what could he do? How was Edmond able to push Mercedes in the end? Was it a matter of time?\nXavier got out the broom, cleaning up in short time. The apartment was given a once over and decided as clean enough before he paced. Returning to the computer would only agitate him more. There was too much to think about now and to figure out what he was going to do if Gina pieced things together. But if she did, like Mercedes had then she needed to hear the truth from him - even if the last thing he wanted was for her to know.\nThe knock at the door came at last and he took a deep breath, before putting his Xavier illusion in place. He opened it with a small smile that stayed firm despite how she looked. \"Come on in.\"\njustonefish\nAt his comparison, she stiffened. \"I'm not Mercedes!\" she snapped, a show of backbone that she seemed to have lost over the last hour or so. Pressing her palms to her knees, she sighed. \"I...don't know either...he helped my family a lot...\" He didn't need to hear this. Anybody that was even remotely close to Gina knew that her family was one giant Dysfunction Junction. Between her father's love of booze and her mother's golddigging values, it was a wonder that her sisters weren't worse. Though really, they weren't exactly good. Gina was the one that made something of herself - the other two had stagnated. Once Lucas came into the picture, it was game over. With a lake of money to draw from, the Berry family was fat and happy.\nwhatbefell\nXavier filed the information away, frowning slightly. His family, at least in comparison to hers, had never depended on him. They were all too eager to cut ties. \"I'll do some research,\" he promised once more. His hands went to his pockets, before he asked, \"Can I do anything else for you?\"\nSomewhere in the back of her mind, she knew that his formal mannerisms should have hurt. But she honestly didn't care anymore. She felt like she had been split open, her insides scooped out and replaced with cotton stuffing. At his question, she shook her head numbly. \"No, thank you,\" she said dismally. \"I'll get a bag with some clothes in a little while...I usually take a duffel to the hospital, Lucas won't be suspicious at all.\"\nHe nodded, unsure of what else he could do for her. \"Alright,\" he said softly. His hands shoved further into his pockets, trying to ignore the feeling of awkwardness now. There was a long pause before he managed, \"I'll just...will you let me know if there's anything else?\" He needed to hide in his office. Grab a vase and smash it.\nJust like the hurt, Gina knew she should have felt awkward. But she didn't. Instead she just sat in the silence, appreciating it, until he spoke. Glancing up at him, she nodded. \"I will,\" she lied. \"Go to sleep, Ed-\" She cut herself off, unsure of what to call him. She settled on just sighing. \"It's been a long day.\"\nHe raised an eyebrow at her. Even though this visit had dragged on, it was still the afternoon. \"I have work to attend to,\" he said simply. He gestured to the guest bedroom. \"That's yours...whenever you want to head off. I showered this morning so there's no need to worry on that.\"\nWith a final glance, he headed to his office. A moment later a crash could be heard, but fortunately his door was locked behind him.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1318154"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7142787575721741,"wiki_prob":0.7142787575721741,"text":"Home|Health|Sarah Volunteers Skills For Overseas Mission\nSarah Volunteers Skills For Overseas Mission\nTownsville Hospital My Health Record HHS integration officer Sarah Glendon is combining her passions for travel and health care by embarking on a volunteer placement in Kenya, providing medical assistance to communities living in extreme poverty.\nThe placement is part of the Nurses in Action program by World Youth International who run regular four-week volunteer placements for nurses and allied health professionals.\nMs Glendon said she was looking forward to combining travel and health care while helping those less fortunate. “I love travelling overseas and have travelled extensively. I have also always wanted to spend time abroad providing health care to communities that are not as fortunate as ours,” she said. “I made a decision that my overseas travel from now on would be based on giving something back to the communities that I visit. “The program is a great opportunity to combine the two areas and I think it makes your travel a little bit more meaningful.”\nMs Glendon said the role would complement her previous nursing experience. “I am an endorsed enrolled nurse and I also have a Bachelor of Health Promotion with a background in both clinical and health promotion roles,” Ms Glendon said.\n“The placement involves a range of health-care activities including assisting with HIV testing, visiting sick people in their homes, wound management and incredibly busy medical clinics. “We will also do some health education for both the townspeople and health professionals covering issues like hand hygiene and sexual health. “I look forward to using both my clinical skills and my health education skills to try and make a difference in their community.”\nMs Glendon is aiming to raise $2,200 for the trip to further assist the communities. “The fundraising money goes towards continuing to fund the programs as well as clinical resources in Kenya and Nepal such as the medical centre and dental clinic,” she said. Ms Glendon’s placement begins next June.\nTo donate to her cause you can visit http://worldyouth.org.au/WorldYouth_DonationsPayments","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line408130"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5866990685462952,"wiki_prob":0.41330093145370483,"text":"Prezi for teaching linguistics?\nThis semester I've been using Prezi as a visual aid in my lectures. I decided it would be a useful exercise to summarize my thoughts on it for the benefit of others, since there's no need to reinvent the wheel by discovering all of Prezi's features and flaws.\nThe conclusion, for those of you with short attention spans, is that I probably won't be using it again, at least not for regular lecturing. But let's start at the beginning.\nI used Prezi for eleven one-hour lectures, which constitute the lecture part of the first-year course Introducing English Grammar at the University of Manchester. It's a basic course, designed to get everyone up to speed on a basic framework for understanding English grammar, from those who have no prior knowledge to those who might have substantial experience with grammatical terminology in a different framework. The course is highly terminology-laden: lots of names for things, and lots of tests one can apply in order to identify those things. There were about 220 students on the course this year.\nPrezi, for those of you who haven't come across it, is a piece of presentation software marketed as an alternative to Powerpoint (and to Keynote and Beamer, which are basically the same thing: slides), even as a \"Powerpoint killer\" in some markets. I won't give a full introduction; take a look for yourself at some of the sample presentations on their website if you're interested. The key thing is that instead of just moving from slide to slide you zoom in and out and move around on one giant canvas.\nOn to the advantages and disadvantages.\nWow factor. This is not to be underestimated. Students are a jaded bunch, and it's difficult to impress them with technology; but by and large have responded well to the general look and feel of it. In my mid-term survey, which had 58 respondents, 74% found the presentations to be attractive, and 0% thought they were ugly. (Though this must in part be due to my general awesomeness as a designer, and not entirely to the software...) Obviously this wow factor will diminish the more people use Prezi for teaching.\nClearer conveyal of complex arguments. I genuinely believe Prezi is better for this than its slide-based competitors. Let's say you're presenting a list of things, for instance constituency tests. Rather than having a sequence of slides and presenting them one by one, you can have a kind of spider diagram and zoom in to each test in turn. And having some screens embedded in small form within other screens is great for capturing part-whole relations, and relative importance. In short, here I think Prezi lives up to its claims. In the mid-term survey, 41% stated that they found Prezis easier to follow than Powerpoint presentations, and 19% said the opposite.\nSome of the positive comments I received in the survey:\n\"I definitely much prefer the prezi presentations compared to powerpoint presentations, and the Grammar lecture is one of my favourites because of this.\"\n\"The lecture slides are very attractive and engaging which helps make the concepts more memorable.\"\n\"The way the information is portrayed is much more interesting than a powerpoint presentation, and the examples are always useful to refer back to.\"\nPoor facilities for typography. Prezi has no bold, underline, italic, superscript, subscript, anything like that. This means that using it for linguistics can be very frustrating. (Sure, you can create a \"subscript\" by creating a new text box and making it smaller, then manually positioning it in the right place. But that's not a sustainable solution.) Writing out formulas, for instance, or labelled bracketings, is virtually impossible. Prezi also gives you an extremely limited colour palette.\nNo tables. You have to draw all the lines by hand, and space it out by hand; it's not impossible, but very tedious.\nIncredibly time-consuming. You probably figured this one out from the above two, but it's the main barrier to using this software in a sustainable way. Even a very basic lecture, with nothing fancy added, takes hours to create; much longer than it would in Powerpoint, at any rate.\nExtremely buggy. The browser-based editor, which I used to create all my Prezis, is bugged beyond belief. Sometimes you'll copy-and-paste something, only to have it appear in a random position somewhere else in the presentation. Sometimes, after moving something, it will suddenly decide to spring back to where it came from. Sometimes line breaks will arbitrarily delete themselves. A colleague who used the desktop version of the editor tells me it's no better. This is unbelievably frustrating even for experienced users (I'd now count myself as one). There is a facility to import Powerpoint slides, but it's just as buggy as you'd expect.\nMassive files, no handouts. You can download a \"portable Prezi\" to present offline, but the file size is usually between 40 and 50 megabytes. Not useful. Furthermore, it's difficult to create handouts. You can create PDFs of the screens (which are themselves large-ish files; mine were all between 4 and 13 megabytes), but there's no easy way to do, say, 6 per page. (I found a workaround for this, but like many workarounds it's time-consuming; just what you don't need with Prezi.)\nNot supported on all computers. Though the portable Prezis are supposed to be standalone files, they need a certain version of Flash to work, and apparently need some sort of internet connection (or sometimes do). Anyway, some Manchester computers, such as the ones in the library, simply won't play them.\nMotion sickness. Though only 2% of students (one) found the lecture presentations to be nausea-inducing, apparently this can be a general problem with Prezi if you do too much panning.\nSome of the negative comments I received in the survey:\n\"The prezi presentations are very effective in lectures but when reviewing I haven't found a way of quickly getting to the slide I want except through flicking through all of them. Similarly, they can't be printed off except one to a page, so for both these reasons I prefer powerpoint for slides that I am going to refer to later.\"\n\"lectures slides are too long it would be very helpful if you use powerpoint instead\"\nOverall, then, I'm sad to say that I think the negatives outweigh the positives. The \"wow factor\", as I noted, is only relevant to the extent that Prezi is a minority technology: if everyone uses it, it will become much less impressive. That leaves its only lasting advantage as the clarity of representation of complex chains of thought. While it's nice to have, it doesn't justify the time and effort spent on creating them, or the additional problems created for students who want handouts.\nI therefore can't recommend Prezi for regular lecturing, and won't be using it in that function myself in future. Still, it was a fun experiment, and I've certainly learned from it - and I hope you find this useful too!\nPosted by George at 12:44 pm 3 comments:\nMore chocolate\nGreetings (and ratings) from Stuttgart, where everything is closed on Sundays. (Ah, Catholic Europe, how I love thee.)\nWaldbeer Joghurt: 7/10\nA tasty treat, though very sweet and rather gooey. This variety certainly succeeds in bringing out the distinctive sharp taste of the berries - it's a bit like a Fruits-of-the-Forest cheesecake encased in milk chocolate. Only a slight yoghurty clogginess detracts from it.\nNapolitaner Waffel: 4/10\nThough wafers and Ritter Sport milk chocolate are good on their own, I don't think the combination quite succeeds. Wafers are at their best when dry and crispy, which the very creamy chocolate coating prevents. The result is a bit soggy and nondescript, though by no means unpleasant.\nWhat's wrong with academia? Part 1A\nI wasn't planning to write anything more on the issue of job security, but I've been really pleasantly surprised by the number of people who've taken the time to engage seriously with my previous post, both in blog and Facebook comments and in private responses. Thanks for your thoughts - I really appreciate it. And I hope that the debate has helped a few people to clarify their own position on this issue, whatever that might be. It's certainly had that effect on me.\nI should start by saying that I am extremely unlikely to be in a position where I can implement any of the sweeping changes I proposed. That's for the best, for a number of reasons. For one thing, like Neil (Facebook comment), I'm actually more conflicted than the previous post made out; in that post I was trying to take a line of argumentation to its (approximate) logical extreme, and though it's an extreme that I am sympathetic to, I'm not too fond of extremes in general. For another thing, I'm not sure I'd have the balls to make big changes like this.\nI think two major issues have been raised with regard to the alternative system I sketched (as well as a host of more minor ones, such as the increased danger of funding cuts under such a system, as Christine pointed out in a blog comment, and the difficulty of keeping long-term projects afloat, as Katie pointed out in a Facebook comment). These are: \"juking the stats\", and the issue of job security as an incentive per se (the \"family argument\"). I'll address these in turn.\nJuking the stats\n\"Impact is up 42%, and the Mayor's gonna love our project on the Big Society.\"\nI think this issue was stated most clearly by Tim (Facebook), Lameen (blog) and Unknown (blog), though in different ways. It's closely related to the \"flavour of the month\" approach to research funding mentioned by Orestis (blog). Essentially the key problem as I understand it is this: the intention of abolishing permanent positions is to force academics to continue to come up with innovative new work. But one alternative for academics is to become cynical, and to try to game the system by either a) producing a load of hackwork (or at best work that's a \"safe bet\") and passing it off as research activity, or b) deliberately focusing your research priorities on what others think is awesome (grant-awarding bodies, employers, research assessment bodies, the media) and generating hype and hot air rather than ideas. (On reflection, I guess that a and b are variants of one another.)\nThis is a genuine concern, and a clear potential practical problem for any approach like the one I sketched. It's worth mentioning that it's a problem right now as well. For instance, in Lisbon recently I was discussing with colleagues a project that had been awarded vast amounts of money by a major grant-awarding body but that seemed to us to be mostly spin. Similarly, as I mentioned in my previous post, research assessment as carried out at present is not enormously difficult to juke, at least insofar as the intent of research assessment is to assess research quality and the metrics used by for instance the REF in arts and humanities are a fairly poor reflection of that. (Publication counts, essentially: you have to submit four; monographs count for two [why two? why not four, or ten, or zero?].) Other metrics used as a proxy for research assessment at present are also not great: citation counts, for instance. It's not as if you cite something solely because you believe it's wonderful research.\nGiven that the problem exists now, it would only be quantitatively greater under the approach I sketched, not qualitatively different. This leads me to suspect that the issue is an independent one: can a robust metric for research quality or for innovation be devised? I've seen no demonstrative argument to the effect that this is impossible either in principle or in practice (though I'm damned if I can think of anything that would work). More generally, though, when it's put this way it's pretty clear that the increased influence of juking the stats under the approach I outlined is not an argument against the approach. Consider an analogy from the school system. In order to assess pupils' achievements (as well as teaching efficacy etc.), exams are needed. This much is uncontroversial, though the exact extent of examination at primary and secondary level gives rise to heated debates. Now consider a system in which pupils only take one examination - in order to assess their suitability to enter the school in the first place (sorta like the old 11+ in the UK) - and then are left to their own devices, without any assessment. They might advance from year 7 to year 8, say, but this (as, ultimately, in the school system) would be based solely on age. This seems to me to be fully analogous to the current system of permanent academic positions. (In particular, though it's not unheard of for pupils to repeat a year, being demoted to the year below on account of poor performance is not something that often happens, to my knowledge.)\nThe point is that one has to doubt any argument that goes as follows: \"Assessment (of pupils, academics, the Baltimore police force, etc.) is really difficult, and all metrics so far devised are imperfect reflections of what we're actually trying to measure. Therefore, let's not do any assessment at all past a certain point.\" At best it's a slippery slope argument, and we all know that slippery slope arguments lead to much, much worse things. ;)\nThe family argument\n\"Won't somebody please think of the children?\"\nThis is the argument most clearly and repeatedly made against my position, e.g. by Chris, Liv, Katie and Neil (Facebook) and Darkness & Light (blog) and by more than one person in private responses as well.\nThere are many strands to this argument, but before I mention them I should perhaps explain why in my first post it seemed like I was dismissing the family argument so cavalierly. Underlying that post was the desire to optimize the individual academic's research output. I was tacitly assuming that this is the only goal of academia - which of course it isn't. There are many other sides to academia: teaching, admin (yay!), training others to become good researchers, etc. While the approach I sketched might be good for the research output of individuals, it doesn't look as promising for any of these other sides.\nOne strand of the family argument is simply a human argument: it's not as good for us as people if we don't have permanent jobs. We can't plan in advance to nearly as great an extent, and of course it's much harder to do things like buying a house and raising a family. Well, this is all obviously true, though of course it will bother some people more than others. I personally don't particularly want to raise a family; I have no particular ties; I am young and mobile. (To those of you in different situations, this particular bias must have seemed painfully obvious from my post.) To the extent that optimizing individual research output is the goal, however, it's irrelevant.\nHowever, note the word \"individual\" with which I've carefully been hedging. As Chris pointed out in his Facebook comment and subsequent clarification, if we consider the research community as a whole, that could suffer. People who do want to raise a family might decide that academia is not for them, and we might have a mass exodus on our hands. This reduces the \"genepool\", and is hence bad.\nThere are a couple of ways of responding to this criticism, though both are super tendentious. First of all, maybe I think that actually the absence of permanent positions should be something that's not restricted to academia but is more prevalent at large. (As, in fact, it already is among people of my generation. One good friend has had several jobs now, in the real world, and found career advancement to be nearly impossible - putting this down to the fact that \"old people can't be fired\".) If the whole world works in the way that I've been suggesting, then academia would just be one field among many.\nSecondly - and I should emphasize that I don't believe this, though the argument could in principle be made - do we really need all those people who would leave the field? Academia is already massively oversubscribed to the extent of the job market being a joke, at least in the arts and humanities. But the smaller genepool must be a bad thing in itself - unless it could be argued that the people who desire permanence, who want to raise families etc. are inherently less good at research than flexible, asocial freaks like me. But I really don't want to go down that road; I'll just note that it's an open question, which could presumably be investigated empirically. (Actually the argument could be put the other way round, as one private response to my post did. If academia is robbed of all the people who are embedded in stable social contexts such as families, it becomes distanced from the social \"mainstream\", which encourages precisely the kind of philistinism I was scared of in my previous post.)\nThe final key strand of the family argument is not about families: it's about the other roles of academics. Certainly for teaching purposes, constant change is bad. Departmental leadership and continuity of that kind will also suffer. Perhaps most importantly, as again emphasized in a private response, the role of senior academics in mentoring more junior academics would be compromised. Again, on a narrow reading of optimization of the individual research output, none of this is a problem. But again, if we consider the output of the research community, it's bad.\nIn this section I haven't been concerned with defending my original argument, at least not beyond pointing out the tacit (and, ultimately, flawed) assumption that underlay it. There's more to academia than the individual's research, that much is clear.\nWell, I think I'll stop here. Other interesting points were raised; in particular, my impression is that a lot of the sort of changes I'm suggesting are already in place in the sciences (and that people heartily dislike them). But I don't have the background or knowledge necessary to consider that further, and I wouldn't want to generalize beyond the arts and humanities (which is itself a stretch from linguistics). So, yeah.\nWhat's wrong with academia? Part 1: Job security\nUpdate, 17th March 2021: I wrote this post nearly a decade ago, and have since become convinced that it's the single worst thing I've ever written. This is especially true given that, at the time, I'd recently taken up a permanent position myself, so it's sick-makingly tone-deaf. Unsupported assertions about 'human nature', unironically appealing to 'meritocracy'... honestly, it'd be better for my reputation if I just deleted it, or retconned it à la Dom Cummings. I'm leaving it here only for the sake of intellectual honesty and accountability. Perhaps unsurprisingly given the fierce reactions this post engendered (see the comments), I never ended up writing parts 2 and 3.\nWhat follows is a collection of musings on various topics that have come to bother me during my first six months in a lectureship. In the interests of structure, I'll focus on three main areas: job security, the relationship between teaching and research, and publishing.\nIf you're familiar with my general left-wing leanings, you might think you can already anticipate the bones of contention that form the skeleton of this blog post. With regard to job security, for instance, one might expect me to bewail the decreasing availability of permanent positions; and one might expect me to extol the virtues of the oft-unnoticed synergies between teaching and research. In both these cases I will do neither of these things; if anything, the complete opposite viewpoint will emerge. (With regard to publishing, given my own editorial activities, the thread of argument will be a bit more predictable.)\nWhether any of this is consistent with the aforementioned left-wing leanings or with my life philosophy in general, or whether I should instead be counted among the Hippocrates, is an interesting question. I'm convinced that my stance is consistent, but that's a discussion for another time; in any case, I do welcome thoughts on this or any other part of the post.\n1. Job security\nAs I've mentioned, it's fashionable and commonplace to find the decreased availability of permanent academic positions deeply worrying - so much so that it's entered into mainstream media discourse. Now this seems to go hand in hand (at the moment, at least) with a general decline in the availability of academic jobs tout court. I'd be the first to say that the latter is an extremely worrying trend, especially when coupled with the general philistinism as regards academia in the UK. Consider the following comment, a response to a Guardian article about the AHRC supposedly being told to study the Big Society:\nThe country spends £100m on 'arts and humanities research'???\nPlease cut it all and let's see if we miss it....\nWorryingly, this comment is 'recommended' by 62 people... and this is the Guardian we're talking about, not the Daily Fail. And in the meantime, we pay £2 billion a year for a collection of Cold War relics to gather dust, and some people defend this with their lives. Ho hum.\nSo I'm against a reduction in jobs across academia as a whole. However, this issue is logically separate from the question of whether those jobs should be permanent or temporary/fixed-term. What's more, I've never heard a good argument for permanent academic positions.\nPermanent positions make a necessity out of virtue. They are disproportionate post hoc rewards for research achievements, and give no incentive to advance the state of knowledge (which I take to be the primary function of academia as a whole). Let's say you write a decent PhD thesis and a few publications, meet some nice people at conferences, get lucky, and then end up with a job for life. Why is this considered to be a good thing? From that point onwards, it's human nature to kick back and do nothing. From my observations of other supposedly research-active staff (admittedly a small and varied group), if this happens, the worst that the university can do to you is shout at you a little bit. But because you're contractually protected, you can more or less continue to do nothing with impunity.\nBut let's say that's not the case. Let's say that instead you sit down and churn out the four publications needed to become REFable every few years - or even more. Where is the incentive to innovate, to produce research that will change the state of ideas?\nWorse is that academic advancement (at least in the fields with which I'm familiar in the arts and humanities) is still so closely tied to age. 'Being on the ladder', many reflexively call it, and with good reason. Once you're in at the ground floor, every decade or so, a promotion comes along and you go upstairs. You never go downstairs again. Who ever heard of a reader being demoted to lecturer? Or a professor to reader? Why not? Furthermore, ask yourself how many professors you've met who are under the age of 40. Then think about who's doing the top quality research in your field right now - the work you're really excited about, the work that is changing the way people think. How old are they? What is their job title? Whatever the outcome, chances are this group of researchers won't be anything like coextensive with the 50-something professors who have climbed highest on the ladder. This fact seems to be so obvious that I'm amazed at the level of acceptance that exists for it. At best one can conclude that pay in academia isn't in any way performance-related.\nMy solution? Well, it's not a novel one. One's position at a given time should be related to two things: a) the quality of the work one is doing at that time (in practice, since this is difficult to assess, a fixed time span immediately preceding can serve as a proxy) and b) the quality of one's research proposal. There was a massive outcry a while back when King's College London threatened to make everyone reapply for their own jobs. In principle, as long as the total number of jobs and amount of funding stays proportionate, I think this is an excellent idea. It forces researchers to think about exactly what they're doing and why - and to up their game in order to stay in it. I can see no harm in stipulating that academic positions last for a maximum fixed term of five years. In fact, a lot of good would surely come out of it.\nNow one could object that the proposal I'm making here is precisely what grant funding is supposed to achieve in the UK. My response is twofold. Firstly, grant funding (again, at least in the arts and humanities) constitutes only a small amount of the money academics receive: I don't have numbers, but I'd wager that far more is paid on an annual basis to salaried, tenured professors. Therefore, the grant funding solution doesn't go nearly far enough. Secondly, the grant application system is so massively broken in the UK as to be almost completely worthless from the point of view of advancing the state of knowledge. The reason is a classic Catch-22. Grant applications to bodies like the AHRC are like double-blind peer review - except that, crucially, the reviewers know exactly who you are. They need to know this (so I'm told) because they need to assess your suitability for leading a project team, and for managing grant money. How is this assessed? Well, of course in terms of your experience of leading a project team, and of managing grant money. If speculative business financing in general worked on this basis... well, it wouldn't. Work, that is. No interesting project would ever get off the ground. The emphasis on grant-handling experience is particularly bemusing in light of the fact that actually AHRC-funded projects often have no obvious output or endpoint at all. (I use the term 'output' non-traditionally here, to refer to 'any resource that advances the state of knowledge' rather than the more typical 'publications'.) It seems that the AHRC and bodies like it have little concept of what it means for a project to be successful; which makes it all the more odd that they set such high stock in the ability of the project leader to achieve success. (Once again, let me emphasize that publications in and of themselves are NOT 'success'. This will become a lot clearer in part 3.)\nThe preceding two paragraphs are perhaps a bit deliberately polemical, but you should at least be disabused of the notion that funding bodies are the great levellers. Even if funding bodies played a significant enough role in actual funding to be the deal-breaker, they couldn't vouchsafe the advancement of knowledge because their priorities are wrong and their funding criteria flawed.\nThe moral of all of this? Academics make such a big deal out of meritocracy in principle that it's hard to see how things could have gone so drastically wrong. Throughout your school, undergraduate and graduate career you're fighting to jump through the next hoop, to advance yourself, to educate yourself. Then when you enter the job market the logic is reversed: you find a hole to crawl into, where you'll be paid a reasonable sum of money. And if you churn out enough publications, take care not to ruffle any feathers in teaching or administration, and maybe get a grant or two, you'll probably get promoted every ten years or so. Whatever happened to onward and upward?\nChocoholics anonymous\nWent to Norway this month. Went on the train via Germany, just so I could get some Ritter Sport on the way. What?\nKakaosplitter: 9/10\nThis one tastes like crushed-up cocoa beans in chocolate cream encased in chocolate, and indeed it's hard to imagine how that combination could fail. This is an energy-granting variety, which wasn't particularly advantageous for me given that all I had to do that day was sit on trains for 9 hours - but in addition it really lifted my spirits. A lovely balance of smooth and slightly crunchy, one of this year's spring varieties.\nAmarena Kirsch: 8/10\nNot bad at all. Very fruity, but not overpowering, either in terms of the fruit or the modest liqueur content. Perhaps a little overly sweet, and - as with many varieties - this might have been overcome with the use of dark chocolate. But all in all this was a very enjoyable eat. A summer variety.\nBourbon Vanille: 5/10\nHere you could barely taste anything except the vanilla-flavoured yoghurty goo. Not offensively bad, just boring and ill-judged. A spring variety that won't compensate for the April showers.\nBack to Babel?\nI've just finished reading David Bellos's recent book on translation, 'Is That a Fish in your Ear?' (Penguin, 2011). It verged between an entertaining read and a frustrating one. Perhaps unsurprisingly, I found the book to be at its least entertaining and convincing when it touched on subjects in my own area of expertise, linguistics. On the other hand, aspects of the book – such as the story of the dragomans of the Ottoman Empire (chapter 11), and the paradoxical language policies of the European Union (chapter 21) – were fascinating, and well narrated.\nThis isn't meant to be a full review, but since I feel that ITaFiyE misinterprets linguistics and/or sells it short at more than a few points throughout the book, I decided to set the record straight on the open web, especially with regard to three particular chapters.\nChapter 6: Native Command: Is Your Language Really Yours?\nThis chapter, on what it means to be a L1 or L2 speaker of a language, starts off promisingly enough. Bellos correctly observes that the traditional term 'mother tongue' is misleading, since we learn our L1 just as much from our peers as from our parents. He then goes on to claim that 'communicative competence' is acquired 'between the ages of one and three' – but that the language learned during this period is not always the one that adult speakers feel most comfortable using. The example he cites for this is Latin 700–1700, which uncontroversially had no native speakers during this period, but which was used as a vehicular language for various purposes. Then comes an astonishing leap (p59):\nBut if a clear distinction can be made between the language learned from your mother and the language in which you operate most effectively for high-born males in Western Europe between 700 and 1700 CE, the very concepts of 'mother tongue' and 'native speaker' need to be looked at again.\nUm, really? The distinction seems pretty clear to me. The muddying of the waters in Bellos's book starts with use of the nebulous term 'communicative competence', which does not enter into mainstream definitions of native speaker status, for which grammatical competence is far more crucial. This is a minor quibble. But the claim that high-born males operated most effectively in Latin for a millennium is an incredible one. It may well be the case that for 'formal speech and writing', as well as for 'diplomacy, philosophy, mathematics, science and religion', Latin was the language of choice. However, these high-faluting academic purposes constitute a tiny minority of our total language use. Is the claim really that these people spoke (as adults) to their parents and peers in Latin in everyday situations? The suggestion that they 'thought' in Latin is even more absurd. There's a long literature on the 'language of thought' and how closely it approximates the languages we hear spoken, but the idea that a 15th-century Dutch nobleman, say, would wake up and think Sum esurientem ('I'm hungry') does not enter into it. The evidence from vernacular written traditions in Western Europe also speaks against this assertion. From the very beginning of the period 700–1700, writing – even for academic and ecclesiastical purposes – began to be carried out not in Latin but in the local languages of the area. Alfred's great program of translation into West Saxon English (not mentioned in this book), or the monastery translations of Boethius and other such texts in the Old High German-speaking area, are prime examples. These do not indicate that Latin was a language of thought, or even an effective operating language. Instead they indicate that the Latin of the period was a language on life-support, for which cribs had to be devised so that keen young men could get their heads round it. The worst part of this little paragraph is that even if it were true that a distinction could be drawn between 'the language learned from your mother' (read: first language) and 'the language in which you operate most effectively' in this instance, it wouldn't follow that this somehow invalidates the concept of a 'native speaker'.\nThis distinction continues to be made throughout the chapter, with the implication that languages learned during the early years of life are of little importance. There is, no doubt, a difference between 'first learned language', in Bellos's terms, and 'operative language'. Bellos then adduces two examples – his father, whose mother spoke to him in Yiddish but who learned English at school age, and his wife, who initially acquired Hungarian but who began to learn French at the age of five. The aim seems to be to deny the significance of the 'first learned language' or 'mother tongue'; and in these terms, it's a reasonable aim. But it misses the point that linguists and specialists in acquisition are trying to make when they talk about something called the 'critical period' or 'critical threshold', a term dating back to Lenneberg (1967). Very simply, in Trudgill's (2011) terms:\nLenneberg’s term refers to the well-known fact, obvious to anyone who has been alive and present in normal human societies for a couple of decades or so, that while small children learn languages perfectly, the vast majority of adults do not, especially in untutored situations.\nTo be sure, there is disagreement about what the relevant age is, or whether the term 'critical threshold' is really appropriate as opposed to a gradual tailing-off of language learning abilities. Meisel (2011) provides a recent summary. But what is uncontroversial is that adults do not learn languages as well as children. If, indeed, it is possible to isolate a specific age at which language learning ceases to be a cake-walk, that age is more like 7 (Meisel 2011: 134) rather than 3 as proposed by Bellos. Both of the examples that Bellos gives, then, may be evidence that 'first learned language' or 'mother tongue' is not what is important. But neither is problematic for the idea that languages learned during the critical period are learned better than languages learned after.\nThis misrepresentation colours the rest of the chapter, including Bellos's conclusion (pp65–66), to the effect that it is not important for translations to be into the translator's L1:\n[I]t would be futile to insist that the iron rule of L1 translation be imposed on all intercultural relations in the world without also insisting on its inescapable corollary: that every educational system in the world's eighty vehicular languages devote significant resources to producing seventy-nine groups of competent L1 translators in each cohort of graduating students. The only alternative to that still utopian solution would be for speakers of the target languages to become more tolerant and more welcoming of the variants introduced into English, French, German and so forth by L2 translators working very hard indeed to make themselves understood.\nThere are a few things wrong with this. First, there's a straw man hiding amidst the prose. If we don't accept L1 translators, do we really have to devote huge amounts of money to training enormous numbers of language professionals? (Not that that would be a bad thing, in my opinion.) Not at all, because of something that Bellos himself mentions later in the book: translations can perfectly well be carried out via other languages. To find a translator from Welsh into Cantonese may be tricky, but when the translation passes via English it's a piece of cake. Of course there's a loss of fidelity involved in this two-step process – but one of the most convincing parts of Bellos's overall thesis (see chapter 10) is that the very notion of 'fidelity' is suspect when applied to translation anyhow.\nMore problematically, it seems no less 'utopian' to believe that L2 translators 'trying very hard' is the right solution. I'm not a translator, but I've worked in the industry, and my father's been in it for thirty years, so I feel I know enough to comment. 'Trying very hard' may be good enough when it comes to translation on a hypothetical academic-philosophical level, or literary translation (addressed in chapter 27 of Bellos's book but assumed tacitly throughout in the examples used, but in the real world of translation mistakes can be deadly. When I was working in Aachen, translating patient information leaflets from German into English, I was acutely aware that if I made a mistake people could be killed. With that in mind, it seems daft to insist that well-meaning L2 translators are as good as the real deal.\n(There's also at least one factual error in this chapter. It is stated that 'all babies are languageless at the start of life'. That's not quite true: in fact, the process of language acquisition begins well before birth, as shown in experimental work by Kisilevsky et al. 2003 among others.)\nChapter 14: How Many Words Do We Have For Coffee?\nUnlike chapter 6, this chapter sets out to argue for something reasonable. Its aim is to assess the evidence for linguistic relativity – the idea that language shapes thought – and its conclusion (in stark contrast to the gushing quasi-religious masturbatory rhetoric we so often see in the popular press surrounding the issue, for instance Boroditsky 2010) is sensible (p170).\nIf you go into a Starbuck's and ask for 'coffee' the barista most likely will give you a blank stare. To him the word means absolutely nothing. There are at least thirty-seven words for coffee in my local dialect of Coffeeshop Talk ... You should point this out next time anyone tells you that Eskimo has a hundred words for snow.\nThis is in general a strong and interesting chapter, even though the more recent work of 'neo-Whorfians' like Boroditsky and Levinson in the last decade is rather unaccountably left out of consideration.\nMy problem with it is only in how it begins: Bellos trots out a well-worn passage from Sir William Jones's 1786 Discourse, commenting (p161) that this 'is generally reckoned to be the starter's gun' in the development of comparative linguistics. The idea that Jones had this pivotal role is part of the origin mythology of historical linguistics, to be sure – but his significance has almost certainly been massively overestimated, as shown in detail by Campbell & Poser (2008: chapter 3). You can read their chapter if you want the real story, but the gist of it is this:\nFirstly, Jones was not particularly original in his contributions. Commonalities between Indo-European languages had frequently been observed before his time, and even the relationship of Sanskrit to these languages was not a new idea.\nSecondly, Jones made a lot of mistakes. He considered Peruvian, Chinese and Japanese languages to be part of the same family as the more familiar Indo-European languages, for instance, while leaving out others he should have included, such as Pahlavi, which he classed as Semitic (Campbell & Poser 2008: 37–38).\nThirdly, Jones was working within a biblical framework and viewed his own work as having 'confirmed the Mosaic accounts of the primitive world'; specifically, all the languages of the world could be traced back, according to him, to one of Noah's three sons Ham, Shem and Japhet (Campbell & Poser 2008: 40) – in stark contrast to the backbone of comparative linguistics of the day.\nThere's more to say, but the point should be clear enough. The idea that Jones was the founder of comparative linguistics is just as much of a myth as the idea that Eskimo has one hundred words for snow. The repetition of the myth is frustrating within the narrow confines of linguistics, and the situation can only get worse if books like this one, intended for a popular audience, perpetuate it further.\nAfterbabble: In Lieu of an Epilogue\nEpilogues are typically unambitious: summaries of the content and main argument of the book, perhaps, or suggestions for future research. Not so for the ITaFiyE epilogue, which tries – in 34 short pages – to solve the problem of language, the universe, and everything.\nWell, perhaps that's overstating the case. But it does attempt to address the problem of the evolution of language, which is almost as thorny an issue. As modern theorists are fond of observing, in 1866 the Linguistic Society of Paris banned debates on the subject. Those same modern theorists often then argue that we have come far enough, nowadays, to lift the ban and talk about the origins of language with impunity. I disagree – though even among linguists I feel like I'm still in the minority here. We're barely any closer to understanding the genetic basis of our language capacity than we were a century ago, and there is still substantial debate as to what language even IS. The concrete proposals made by Noam Chomsky to that effect, as for example in Chomsky (1986), are very often rejected on the basis that they don't tally with our hazy pretheoretical intuitions about language – such as the idea that it is a social phenomenon, whatever that means; see e.g. Enfield (2010). We don't know nearly enough about human prehistory to say when language emerged, and that situation is unlikely to change. Most painfully, very often theorists still fail to distinguish between 'glossogeny', i.e. change in 'languages' (as we pretheoretically know them), and 'phylogeny', the emergence of the human biological capacity for language (whatever form that takes). (On this distinction, see Hurford 1990.)\nIn historical linguistics, meanwhile, it is quite normal to suggest that standard comparative methods typically can't take us more than 8–12,000 years into the past (Campbell & Poser 2008 have a discussion of this); this is not due to any flaw in the methods themselves, but rather to the build-up of confounding factors and the paucity of relevant data the further back one goes. Any claim about what was going on 40,000 years ago or more is likely to meet with extreme scepticism from any sensible historical linguist. Nevertheless, this is what specialists in the evolution of language get up to constantly. Perhaps not surprising that I can't shake the feeling that the whole field is a waste of time, then. Until someone has something more evidence-based to say, I'm inclined to take the simple route proposed by Berwick & Chomsky (2011): a tiny mutation emerged at some point, in one fell swoop, giving us the ability to put words together like we know we can; that mutation was (unsurprisingly) selectionally advantageous in the long run; and that's all there is to be said. (Curiously, critics of this 'saltationist' viewpoint are often the same people who rake Chomskyan linguistic theory over the coals for its apparent baroque complexity...)\nBut back to Bellos. He attacks the assumption that 'all languages are, at bottom, the same kind of thing, because, at the start, they were the same thing' (p341). Whether or not we believe the 'because' clause (and there's certainly no linguistic evidence that would lead us to; see again Campbell & Poser 2008), Bellos gives us no reason to doubt the underlying sameness of languages. The fact of linguistic diversity has very little bearing on this; the very fact that we have a concept of language at all, on the other hand, even a pretheoretical one, is evidence for sameness. At some level, we can judge whether something is linguistic or non-linguistic. That alone suggests unity in diversity.\nBeyond that, though, there are linguistic arguments for sameness, many of which have been controversial over the years. Bellos groups these together as the argument that languages have 'a grammar', and disposes of it quickly and unconvincingly: rather than being an empirical matter, 'the \"grammaticality hypothesis\" is an axiom, a circular foundation stone' (p342). Why? Because...\nSince traffic lights and the barking of dogs seem to have no discernible rules of combination or no ability to create new combinations, they have no grammar, and because all languages have a grammar in order to count as languages, dog barking and traffic lights are not languages. QED.\nOne might legitimately argue that this is hardly circular reasoning. Rather, we're attempting to understand the defining characteristics of language in terms of concrete properties, in order to establish what exactly it is that we're doing when we describe something as linguistic or non-linguistic. If these properties turn out to be a poor mapping to what our intuitive conception of language is, or not sharp enough to distinguish language from other things, we can reject them, refine them, retain them on the understanding that no better model has yet been proposed, OR decide that our concrete properties in fact tell us that our intuitive conception is wrong or not clear enough. This is what has happened over the last fifty years with Hockett's (1960) 'design features' of language (which seems to be what Bellos is bashing here, though he doesn't cite it), and with purported universals both in the Chomskyan tradition and the Greenbergian (e.g. Greenberg 1963). It seems to me to be normal scientific practice. For example, we now know that spiders are not insects, despite all our intuitions telling us otherwise, and this is a natural consequence of adopting a particular model of taxonomic classification that is superior to our vague intuitions. We now know that whiteness isn't necessarily a property of swans. Likewise, by the botanical definition of tomatoes that we adopt, they are classed as fruit rather than vegetables. This isn't just axiomatics: we're learning something that we didn't already know. This is scientific progress.\nBut Bellos, like many authors in and around linguistics, refuses to give up on the intuitive definition. He proceeds as follows (p342):\nIn a similarly circular way, the axiom of grammaticality pushes to the edge of language study all those uses of human vocal noises – ums, hums, screams, giggles ... and so forth – that don't decompose neatly into nouns, verbs and full stops.\nQuite apart from the disingenuousness of this comment (no one ever seriously proposed that full stops were a property of human language, axiomatically or otherwise, as Bellos must well know), I fail to see the problem. Describing these types of noise as 'non-linguistic' seems to me to be entirely fair and reasonable. (Note that this is very different from saying that they don't constitute a worthy object of study in their own right, a claim that no linguist I know would want to be associated with.) What we discover by doing this kind of scientific work is that our intuitive conception of language is so fuzzy and all-encompassing as to be effectively unusable, a point that Chomsky has been making for years (see again Chomsky 1986). If, like Bellos, you find definitions in the Chomskyan mould unpalatable, then the onus is on you to come up with a better operational definition if you want to be thought of as doing serious work on language.\nAfter listing various ways in which languages can be odd (evidentials always seem to come up whenever anyone puts together a list like this!), Bellos somewhat uncharitably (but perhaps not unfairly) states that the attempt to discern what all grammars share 'has got about as far as the search for the Holy Grail'. He then builds another straw man which he proceeds to rip apart: 'all grammars regulate the ways in which free items may be combined to make an acceptable sentence' (p344). The obvious problem is the word 'sentence' here – what does it mean? Nothing (either inside or outside a theory of grammar, as far as I'm aware), and of course we don't speak in sentences, as Bellos points out.\nNor is it really a problem that 'no living language has yet been given a grammar that accounts for absolutely all of the expressions' (p344). Even if this goal were a reasonable one for linguistic theory (Chomsky 1986 argues that it isn't), and even if a living language like 'English' were a coherent object of study (see virtually any work by Chomsky for a brief but irrefutable demonstration that it isn't), does this stymie any attempt? In physics, our best theories of reality can't account for phenomena like dark matter; all this shows is that science (any science) is a work in progress. So it's an absolute nonsense to claim, as Bellos does (p344), that:\nFlaws of this magnitude in aerodynamics or the theory of probability would not have allowed the Wright Brothers to get off the ground or the National Lottery to finance the arts.\nFirst off, there's no reason that our scientific theory has to be practically applicable in order to be worth something (look at string theory, for instance). But, in any case, Bellos should look at state-of-the-art work in computational linguistics, where parsers based on handwritten grammars in combination with a simple statistical learning algorithm can robustly parse up to 92.4% of an average corpus of English (see Fossum & Knight 2009). That doesn't seem like crash-and-burn to me.\nThe afterbabble goes on to compare dialectal variation to primate grooming, and to propose this as a potential evolutionary origin for language, following work by Robin Dunbar. I won't discuss this in any detail, but suffice it to say that the conclusion – that 'The most likely original use of human speech was to be different, not the same' (p351) – presupposes precisely what has been argued so vigorously against earlier in the same chapter, namely a definable object that is 'human speech' (which, since animals fairly intuitively don't have it, must have evolved somehow).\nIn short, this chapter (and the book as a whole) overreaches itself. Though issues of translation are inevitably bound up with deep questions about the nature of language, ITaFiyE would have been a better book if it had chosen to stick closely to the former and leave the latter to specialists.\nBerwick, Robert C., & Noam Chomsky. 2011. The biolinguistic program: the current state of its evolution and development. In Ana Maria di Sciullo & Cedric Boeckx (eds.), The biolinguistic enterprise: new perspectives on the evolution and nature of the human language faculty, 19–41. Oxford: Oxford University Press.\nBoroditsky, Lera. 2010. Lost in translation. Wall Street Journal, 23 July.\nCampbell, Lyle, & William J. Poser. 2008. Language classification: history and method. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\nChomsky, Noam. 1986. Knowledge of language. New York: Praeger.\nEnfield, Nicholas J. 2010. Without social context? Science 329, 1600–1601.\nFossum, Victoria, & Kevin Knight. 2009. Combining constituent parsers. Proceedings of NAACL HLT 2009: Short Papers, 253–256.\nGreenberg, Joseph H. 1963. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In Joseph H. Greenberg (ed.), Universals of grammar, 73–113. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.\nHockett, Charles F. 1960. The origin of speech. Scientific American 203, 89–97.\nHurford, James R. 1990. Nativist and functional explanations in language acquisition. In I. M. Roca (ed.), Logical issues in language acquisition, 85–136.\nKisilevsky, Barbara, Sylvia Hains, Kang Lee, Xing Xie, Hefeng Huang, Hai Hui Ye, Ke Zhang, & Zengping Wang. 2003. Effects of experience on fetal voice recognition. Psychological Science 14, 220–224. Lenneberg, Eric. 1967. Biological foundations of language. New York: John Wiley & Sons.\nMeisel, Jürgen M. 2011. Bilingual acquisition and theories of diachronic change: bilingualism as cause and effect of grammatical change. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 14, 121–145. Trudgill, Peter. 2011. Sociolinguistic typology: social determinants of linguistic complexity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.\nPosted by George at 2:15 pm 1 comment:\nWhy I don't give a f**k about an Oxford Comma","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line428989"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5911438465118408,"wiki_prob":0.5911438465118408,"text":"IOU Financial Introduces 24-Month Term Loan\nIOU continues to fulfill product innovation promise to meet the funding needs of small business owners\nATLANTA, Dec. 3, 2021 /CNW/ - IOU FINANCIAL INC. (\"IOU\" or \"the Company\") (TSXV: IOU), a leading online lender to small businesses (IOUFinancial.com), announced today the launch of a new 24-month term for loan amounts ranging between US$300K and US$600K.\n\"IOU Financial is committed to product innovation, and the 24-month term loan is designed to give our broker network partners an expanded range of tools to meet the growing needs of small business owners nationwide,\" said Robert Gloer, President and CEO.\nToday's news comes as a follow up to IOU's introduction of an industry-first Cash-Back Loan announced on August 4, 2021, a unique term loan product for small businesses that encourages and rewards perfect payment histories with a cash reward of 3% of the original loan amount. On November 2, 2021, IOU announced that it had surpassed US$1 Billion in total loan originations and established an all-time record in quarterly loan originations.\n\"Product innovation is a pillar of IOU Financial's Post-Pandemic Growth Plan,\" added Gloer. \"Small business owners have growth plans too and getting a 24-month term loan funded within 24 hours can be a powerful tool for them to leverage in the continuing economic recovery.\"\nIOU's 24-month term loan is available to businesses that have been in operation for at least 7 years and rewards those with high credit scores. Available only to qualified new and returning clients, the 24-month term loan is designed to give small business owners the convenience of lower payment amounts over longer terms with weekly and bi-weekly payment options, providing them access to capital to invest in the growth of their business. This new product gives IOU's broker partners an expanded range of options to meet the growing needs of merchants in the context of the continuing economic recovery.\nIOU broker network partners can find out whether their clients qualify for the 24-month term loan by contacting their IOU Financial Account Executive. Merchants can find a broker, and independent brokers can apply to join IOU Financial's broker network, by visiting www.IOUFinancial.com.\nAbout IOU Financial Inc.\nIOU Financial Inc. is a wholesale lender that provides quick and easy access to growth capital to small businesses through a network of preferred brokers across the US and Canada. Built on its proprietary IOU360 technology platform that connects underwriters, merchants and brokers in real time, IOU Financial has become a trusted alternative to banks by originating over US$1 billion in loans to fund small business growth since 2009. IOU trades on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol IOU (TSXV: IOU), and on the US OTC markets as IOUFF. To learn more about IOU Financial's corporate history, financial products, or to join our broker network please visit www.IOUFinancial.com.\nCertain information set forth in this news release may contain forward-looking statements. Forward looking statements are statements, other than statements of historical fact, that address or discuss activities, events or developments that IOU expects or anticipates may occur in the future. These forward- looking statements can be identified by the use of words and phrases such as \"anticipates\", \"believes\", \"estimates\", \"expects\", \"may\", \"plans\", \"projects\", \"should\", \"will\", \"intends\", \"seeks\", \"allows\", \"creates a path for\", \"puts in a position to\" or the negative thereof or other variations thereon. These forward-looking statements are subject to and involve substantial known and unknown risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond the control of IOU, including, but not limited to, the impact of general economic conditions, industry conditions, dependence upon regulatory and shareholder approvals, the execution of definitive documentation, the uncertainty of obtaining additional financing, risks related to the Company's incapacity to execute on its business plan, dependence on third-party service providers, competition, dependence on key personnel, security and confidentiality risk, technological development risk, IT disruptions, maintenance of client relationships, and litigation risk. No assurance can be given that any of the events anticipated by such statements will occur or, if they do occur, what benefit IOU will derive from them. Readers are cautioned that the assumptions used in the preparation of such information, although considered reasonable at the time of preparation, may prove to be imprecise and, as such, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements. IOU does not assume any obligation to update or revise its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. Additional information concerning these and other factors can be found beginning on page 18 under the heading \"Risks and Uncertainties\" in IOU's management's discussion and analysis dated November 18, 2021, which is available under IOU's profile on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.\nNeither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.\nView original content:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/iou-financial-introduces-24-month-term-loan-301437242.html\nSOURCE IOU Financial Inc.\nView original content: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/December2021/03/c0290.html\nThe Sault News\nUnited Way hosting virtual reading in honor of MLK Day\nEastern Upper Peninsula residents are invited to join a virtual reading of “Change Sings: A Children’s Anthem” by Amanda Gorman.\nNadine Dorries: BBC licence fee announcement will be the last\nThe culture secretary says it is time to discuss new ways to fund and sell \"great British content\".\nThe deal, which could be signed as early as this week, could usher Netanyahu off the Israeli political stage for years.\nFour people are freed and an assailant dies as police bring the incident in Colleyville to an end.\nThe 1 Retirement Benefit You Can Only Get With a Roth IRA\nThough there are plenty of good reasons to save in a Roth IRA, here's one perk you can't ignore.\nEngland produce one last Ashes batting collapse as Australia clinch 4-0 win\nEngland slipped from 68 without loss to 124 all out.\nWhile the sight of snow-covered trees makes a pretty picture, it’s a picture that could spell trouble for property owners\nLSU Tigers Wire\nVirginia linebacker West Weeks announces transfer to LSU\nLSU adds another transfer, does it help in pursuit of a certain 2023 prospect?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line195892"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.985856831073761,"wiki_prob":0.985856831073761,"text":"'Dirty John' Creator Alexandra Cunningham Is Just as Excited as Fans Are for Season 3\nThe true crime drama could go in a totally different direction.\nBy Selena Barrientos\nMore than three decades ago, the world learned the name of Betty Broderick, after she shot her ex-husband, Dan Broderick, and his second wife, Linda, in bed at their California home. But the true crime saga of Dan’s murder at the hands of his ex-wife has been in the spotlight again in recent years, after the popular Los Angeles Times' podcast and related TV show, Dirty John, picked up the story for its second season, Dirty John: The Betty Broderick Story.\nNow that viewers have seen season 1, Dirty John: The John Meehan Story, and some folks are just now catching up on season 2, Dirty John: The Betty Broderick Story via Netflix, fans of the anthology series are looking ahead at what’s to come.\nIf you’re wondering if there will be a season 3 of Dirty John, here’s what we know so far:\nWhen will season 3 of Dirty John premiere?\nUnfortunately, Dirty John has not been officially renewed for season 3, and there is no confirmation from anyone involved that another season is on the way. But — according to showrunner Alexandra Cunningham — there have been plans to discuss the idea.\n“We’re going to be having a conversation very soon,” she told The Hollywood Reporter in July 2020. “If it’s something that everyone is excited about as I and my executive producer Jessica Rhoades are, it will be super awesome.”\nStill, since the last episode of season 2 aired last summer, there have been no more leaked details.\nWhat would season 3 of Dirty John be about?\nCunningham also opened up to THR about where she was creatively, revealing that she was interested in the idea of branching out from the traditional definition of love. After ending the second season with Betty’s trial, the creator said she was ready to tell a fresh, new story.\n“The thing I would love to do, all things being equal, to me the ultimate example of love gone wrong is familial,” Alexandra told THR. “Not romantic love, not a couple, not a boyfriend-girlfriend like the first season or a married couple divorcing, but mother-child, siblings, especially parentally.”\nShe continued:\n“I think that’s where love gone wrong truly begins, that the love coming from a parent is not appropriate or twisted or not real, that is obviously one of the things that contributes to people’s future behavior. That’s something I’d love to explore if given the chance.”\nHow can I watch and stream Dirty John?\nWhile we wait to hear more details about the potential for Dirty John season 3, you can watch (or rewatch!) seasons 1 and 2 on Netflix. You can start streaming on the Netflix site or grab your phone to tune in via the Netflix app. Don’t have a subscription yet? Netflix plans start at $8.99 per month.\nAlternatively, you can watch first and second seasons of Dirty John on Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV, Google Play and Vudu.\nWhile we don't yet know if there will be a season 3, it's important to note that the first season premiered in November 2018 on Bravo. A year and a half later, the second season debuted in June 2020 on the USA Network.\nWe’re predicting that if and when there is a new season, it will likely air on USA again. If you don’t have a cable provider, you can sign up for a live streaming service like YouTube TV, Hulu + Live TV and fuboTV. Before signing up, you can try them out with free seven-day trials.\nWhere Is Betty Broderick Now?\nSelena Barrientos Associate Entertainment and News Editor Selena Barrientos is the associate entertainment and news editor for Good Housekeeping — she writes and reports on the latest shows and movies, in addition to spotlighting Latinx celebrities.\n'Shark Tank' Fans React to Viral TikTok Gadget\n'WOF' Fans React to Winner's Surprising Request\n'Jeopardy!' Star Buzzy Cohen Reacts to Amy's Loss\nWhat We Know About 'Mrs. Maisel' Season 4\nHow Watch All the Hobbit Movies in Order\nThe Most Memorable Olympics Outfits Ever\nAt 48, Kate Beckinsale’s Abs Are Pure Muscle On IG\nThe True Meaning of the Goat Cookie Jar in 'Ozark'\nYikes, Kelly Clarkson Divorce Is Getting \"Nasty\"\nIs Michael Weathering Coming Back to 'NCIS'?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1325186"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8859792351722717,"wiki_prob":0.8859792351722717,"text":"'Die Hard' Prequel in the Works\nYippee ki-yay, Die Hard fans. There have already been five films in the action movie series, and now a sixth one is reportedly in the planning stages. This one is set to be a prequel.\nAccording to Deadline's sources, Len Wiseman, the director of 2007's Live Free or Die Hard, is returning for this film. He's developing it with experienced action producer Lorenzo di Bonaventura.\nThey're apparently seeking a scriptwriter for what is tentatively being called Die Hard Year One. It's set to be an origin story about John McClane's early days as a New York cop in 1979. The plan is for Willis to play a modern-day version of McClane, with a younger actor to appear in the flashback storyline. This is a bit like what Willis did with Joseph Gordon Levitt in 2012's Looper (minus the time-travelling sci-fi twist).\nIt's still very early days for this project, since Willis hasn't even signed on yet. That being said, di Bonaventura has a good relationship with the actor (having worked with him films like Red, Red 2, G.I. Joe: Retaliation and the upcoming American Assassin). The filmmakers are apparently keeping in touch with Willis regarding developments on the project.\nIt's still early days, so it remains to be seen how or if this project pans out. It's a promising idea, however, since Wiseman's return could help the franchise to recapture the excitement of Live Free or Die Hard (and help us to forget 2013's lacklustre A Good Day to Die Hard).\nMore Len Wiseman","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line297114"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6408538818359375,"wiki_prob":0.6408538818359375,"text":"Home SCIENCE NEWS Biology\nCommon arctic finches are all the same species\nFor birders struggling to figure out what kind of Redpoll they’re watching, new research from the University of Colorado Boulder says don’t worry—the different species are actually all one and the same.\nCredit: Pexels / Erik Karits\nThis new research, out recently in Nature Communications, finds that Redpolls, a bird found in the Arctic that will sometimes come to the Southern latitudes during the winter and can be hard to differentiate, aren’t actually multiple species, genetically speaking. Instead, the three recognized species are all just one with a “supergene” that controls differences in plumage color and morphology, making them look different.\nThis research builds on findings from 2015 suggesting this might be the case but without having a clear idea as to why. This time, with greater genetic technological capability, the researchers looked at the full genome of the different species and found that what commonly signifies different subspecies in birds doesn’t apply to Redpolls.\n“I think, solidly now, the new paper shows that there is widespread gene flow across the (Redpoll’s) genome, except for this one region, and it just so happens this one region influences the way they look,” said Scott Taylor, assistant professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, director of CU Boulder’s Mountain Research Station and author on the paper.\nRedpolls are a type of “winter finch,” or a finch that lives in the northernmost reaches of the globe and fly south only sporadically. While known for their characteristic red marking on their heads, appearance within the species can vary widely, with some Redpolls being white with small bills and others with larger and darker bills. Initially, it was thought that these differences signified three different species of the bird—like is the case with many other bird species—but those “species” can be difficult to differentiate.\n“Redpolls have been taxonomically confusing for a long time, and we only get to see them every once in a while in the winter,” Taylor explained. “They aren’t a bird you’re guaranteed to see at your feeder, so when it happens, people get excited, and they want to know what they’re looking at.”\nIn 2015, however, then-postdoc Taylor and graduate student Nicholas A. Mason, now an assistant professor at Louisiana State University, found preliminary genetic data suggesting they aren’t different species. Instead, they are all the same species, just with different appearances—but the researchers weren’t quite sure why.\nThese new findings picked up where that previous research left off, with Erik Funk, graduate student at CU Boulder and the lead author of the paper, going back and re-examining the original samples and adding a few more from other areas, including Greenland, Iceland and parts of Europe, to get a more complete picture.\nAltogether, Funk examined the full genome of 73 individuals from all the different subtypes, including the Common Redpoll, the Hoary Redpoll and the Lesser Redpoll.\nWhat he found is that, despite the differences in appearance, the birds are almost identical genetically but with a “supergene” that controls the different traits that make the birds appear different. In particular, the researchers found a chromosomal inversion, or when part of the chromosome is flipped, for one of the chromosomes, that allowed this supergene to get created.\n“Often times we assume that a lot of traits can act independently, meaning that different traits can be inherited separately from one another, but this particular result shows that sometimes these traits are actually tightly linked together. … At least for these birds, they’re inheriting a whole group of traits together as one,” said Funk.\nAnd redpolls aren’t alone with these supergenes. Many species, from other birds to certain types of mice, are now known to have these supergenes.\n“It seems to be less common, but I think one of the things that we are learning as we have access to more sequence data now is that maybe they’re not as uncommon as we once thought,” Funk said.\nWhile the researchers now have an answer about why this species’ appearance varies, questions still remain as to how. So, how are these traits maintained? And how will that change with the arctic warming for these arctic specialists? Both questions the researchers hope to dig into next.\n“Sometimes birders get mad if you take birds off their list, but I think it makes the Redpolls even more interesting,” Taylor said. “Understanding the genetic basis of the trait makes it make much more sense now, which I think is pretty cool.”\nOther authors include Snæbjörn Pálsson from the University of Iceland; Tomáš Albrecht from Charles University in Prague and Czech Academy of Sciences; and Jeff Johnson from the Wolf Creek Operating Foundation.\n10.1038/s41467-021-27173-z\nA supergene underlies linked variation in color and morphology in a Holarctic songbird\nTags: Arcticcommonfinchesspecies","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line55911"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8938815593719482,"wiki_prob":0.8938815593719482,"text":"TRAGIC END: Report reveals pilots’ “unfamiliarity” with stolen jet led to fatal crash\nLocalAugust 3, 2021August 3, 2021 at 3:55 am Royston Jones Jr.\nThe aftermath of a plane crash in Treasure Cay, Abaco, on Monday, July 5, 2021.\nNASSAU, BAHAMAS — A final report into a fatal plane crash in Treasure Cay, Abaco, last month determined the pilots’ “unfamiliarity with the aircraft systems and their failure to configure the aircraft for the proper takeoff” contributed to the aircraft’s failure to perform.\nThe Westwind aircraft crashed and burst into flames on July 5, killing the two Bahamian pilots onboard.\nIsraeli Aircraft Industries (IAI) Westwind 1124A aircraft N790JR.\nIn its final report, dated August 2, the Air Accident Investigation Authority (AAIA) said the twin-engine business jet departed Las Americas Airport in the Dominican Republic on July 2 at 2.03pm with two crew members and three passengers on board, arriving at Treasure Cay International Airport around 3.45pm.\nAfter offloading the passengers and securing and locking the aircraft, the crew checked into their hotel.\nImmigration officers apprehended the crew on July 4, the reason for which remains unclear as the pair was released on July 6.\nDuring the post-crash interview with the pilots that flew the aircraft to Treasure Cay, it was revealed that the aircraft was stolen, the AAIA said.\nAccording to the report, the crew said an hour before their release, they were informed of the crash but advised investigators that they never met the pilots involved and never gave anyone authority to move the aircraft.\nThe crew also advised that they had the only set of keys for the plane, which they produced for investigators during their period of detention.\nLavan Paul and Jason Allen, who died in a plane crash in Treasure Cay, Abaco, on Monday, July 5, 2021.\nMeanwhile, the Bahamian pilots, identified as Lavan Paul and Jason Allen, set a departure time of 2.10pm from Treasure Cay to New Providence, with an arrival time of 2.33pm, according to investigators.\nWitnesses recalled the two pilots entering the ramp after 3pm, and said one of the pilots onboard advised customs officials that they were departing for Marsh Harbour for fuel for the aircraft.\nThe AAIA said it was uncertain which destination the aircraft was traveling to as the flight plan differed from the information the pilots advised customs.\nAccording to the report, a witness recalled that both pilots sat in the aircraft for around 40 minutes before starting both engines and proceeding to the runway for departure.\nBut the aircraft plowed through airport lighting equipment at the end of the runway, hitting and breaking several trees along its path.\nIt then struck a small mound and spun into additional trees before “breaking apart and bursting into flame” around 2,000 feet from the end of the runway.\nThe report said two fire trucks from the township responded “as this airport did not have a fire truck or crash and rescue personnel stationed on-site” but that the trucks were unable to reach the crash site and assist due its location and no access road available.\n“The fire continued unimpeded, dampened only by the intermittent downpour of rain, which did not aid in extinguishing the blaze, but rather, only limited the spread of the fire to surrounding bushes,” the report read.\n“The raging fire totally destroyed the aircraft and much of the control surfaces and components in the direct area of the blaze.”\nInvestigators said this hindered efforts to “closely examine all components of the aircraft”.\nThe cockpit voice recorder and/or flight data recorder, which the AAIA noted would have revealed a more accurate account of what transpired, could not be located.\nBut the report noted: “[The] investigation has uncovered that with this type aircraft, there are several configuration settings that the pilot must physically select and set, in order that the aircraft would climb after takeoff.\n“Based on the fact that the aircraft was not able to climb, those configurations and settings were probably not met.”\nThe Bahamian pilot was issued an Airline Transport Pilot certificate by the FAA on August 28, 2019, and held a type rating for a Boeing B737 and Saab SF340 aircraft, but did not have the requirements to operate the Westwind aircraft.\nThe second pilot also did not meet the requirements to operate the aircraft or act as second in command as he was not in possession of “at least a private pilot certificate or type rating required for the aircraft type”.\nAlways a headline ahead, around the world, Bahamas, Bahamas news, ewnews, ewnews.com, Eyewitness News, Eyewitness News Online, www.ewnews.com\nAbout Royston Jones Jr.\nRoyston Jones Jr. is a senior digital reporter and occasional TV news anchor at Eyewitness News. Since joining Eyewitness News as a digital reporter in 2018, he has done both digital and broadcast reporting, notably providing the electoral analysis for Eyewitness News’ inaugural election night coverage, “Decision Now 2021”.\tView all posts by Royston Jones Jr. →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1352288"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9035689830780029,"wiki_prob":0.9035689830780029,"text":"Who Is Kim Ward? Bobby Brown Jr’s Mother Claimed Whitney Houston Had An Issue Together With Her Little Son\nHe was found lifeless at his Encino house on Wednesday at round 1.50pm. Colorado officials have named the suspect and 10 folks killed in an assault on a grocery store. Brown Jr was certainly one of two youngsters from his father’s 11-year relationship with Kim Ward, which led to 1991. The household mentioned Brown Jr was experiencing flu-like signs on the time, but had not tested optimistic for Covid-19. The night before his death, he had consumed tequila and cocaine, and “snorted” the painkiller Percocet, a witness advised police.\nLegal officials are at present trying to determine whether or not the home violence allegations violate his probation on a drink-driving arrest. Brown was the son of the singer and Kim Ward, with whom the elder Brown had an eleven-year relationship previous to assembly and marrying Whitney Houston. Brown Jr. was the second of two youngsters with the couple. Singer Bobby Brown’s son, Bobby Brown Jr., has died at 28.\nPrivate Tools\nIn 1982, they turned a quintet when their manager Brooke Payne insisted on bringing in his nephew Ronnie DeVoe, to finish the group. After performing in a number of expertise reveals in the Boston area in 1979, they signed a take care of fellow Bostonian Arthur Baker’s Streetwise Records, who launched their debut album Candy Girl. The title monitor, on which Brown sang co-lead alongside Bell and Tresvant, was a top-20 hit on Billboard’s R&B Singles Chart in 1983. Brown’s first full lead vocal performance was on the New Edition ballad “Jealous Girl”, which was a minor hit when it additionally charted in 1983. The group became pop sensations with their self-titled second release.\nBobby Jr was the half-brother of Bobbi Kristina, who passed away in 2015 at the age of twenty-two. News Corp is a network of main corporations within the worlds of diversified media, news, schooling, and knowledge services.\nBobby Brown Jr Was Born Amid His Dads Romance With Longtime Girlfriend Kim Ward\nBobby Brown is in even more legal scorching water – his former lover is suing him for being a “deadbeat dad”. Kim Ward claims the singer owes her $40,000 in missed paternity payments for their two youngsters, aged 14 and 12. Brown has already been taken to courtroom over the payments, and was ordered to pay out $5,500-a-month however Ward claims he hasn’t been doing that.\nThe Way To Repair Instagram Crashing\nEvan Mobley School Stats","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line524220"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7815103530883789,"wiki_prob":0.7815103530883789,"text":"ISTAT News | 01 April 2020\nISTAT Announces New Executive Director\nOn behalf of the ISTAT Board of Directors, I would like to inform you of a change in ISTAT’s organizational leadership.\nLate last year, ISTAT’s executive director, Julie Wichlin, shared her decision to pursue other ventures with the board. As many of you who have worked with Julie know, she has been instrumental in helping ISTAT evolve into the organization that we are today. Over the past five years, Julie has been an invaluable partner to the ISTAT board and members. During her tenure we added many new events and offerings and saw growth not only in ISTAT's membership as a whole, but also across those offerings. We are forever grateful for her hard work, dedication and passion for our organization.\nIn order to properly evaluate candidates for Julie’s replacement, the ISTAT Board of Directors appointed a task force that began working in November. The task force was committed to identifying a strong partner to our increasingly diverse membership, as well as someone who will continue to support the vision of our growing global organization.\nThe task force conducted a thorough and thoughtful search process, which included the evaluation of many qualified candidates. At the conclusion of that process, earlier this month, the board selected and is now pleased to announce the appointment of Guilherme Lopes as ISTAT’s new executive director.\nGuilherme is an accomplished executive who is joining ISTAT after serving as the Managing Director of Global Relations & Development for the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA). IIA is a not-for-profit association with 200,000 members in more than 170 countries. In this role, Guilherme was deeply involved in the expansion of the IIA’s global footprint, as well as in membership strategies and delivery of products and services worldwide. Guilherme graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aviation Business Administration from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Arizona.\nGuilherme assumed the role of ISTAT Executive Director as of 30 March.\nPlease join me in thanking Julie for her unwavering commitment to our organization, and welcome Guilherme to the ISTAT community. I look forward to introducing him to you in the near future.\nGerry Butler\nISTAT President","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1682150"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8098108768463135,"wiki_prob":0.8098108768463135,"text":"It was harrowing getting our NGO and its staff out of Afghanistan | View\nThey are mothers, fathers, and children. Human rights activists, journalists, civil servants, and artists. They dedicated their lives to building a more democratic and vibrant Afghanistan, only to be forced to flee in desperation as the government quickly fell. They are among the fortunate who were brought out on planes to safety in Albania, even as Kabul airport descended into chaos and violence. They are relieved to have escaped, but anxious for loved ones, colleagues and neighbours who remain — and for the future of the country they love.\nI had the privilege to visit 200 or so Afghan evacuees less than 24 hours after they landed near Durrës, a seaside town in Albania. Many were colleagues from Open Society Afghanistan, whose offices were forced to close due to the Taliban takeover. Some shared how astonished they were at the speed of the government’s collapse – “like a house of cards,” as one said – and were still processing what had happened. The children adapted more quickly, playing ball, singing songs and marvelling at the sight and smell of the sea many of them had never seen before.\nIt was a harrowing journey out, one that involved inspiring cooperation between government agencies, civil society, and countless brave Afghans operating under the most stressful possible circumstances. As the pace of the Afghan government’s collapse became clear, colleagues at the Open Society Foundations swung into action, doing everything in their power to rescue our staff and partners, as so many others with friends, family, and coworkers desperate to escape Afghanistan have done.\nA core group of the foundation’s staff — in the US, throughout Europe, and as far away as Australia —worked around the clock, joining with local and international partners to pool knowledge and resources to bring as many people as possible to safety. From negotiating with host countries to arranging convoys and aircraft, to compiling passenger lists and finding accommodations, colleagues worked with partners in pursuing every lead to ensure safe passage.\nTheir journey began with clandestine meetings, navigating checkpoints and gates patrolled by the Taliban. There were anxious starts and stops and gruelling hours stuck on overheated buses outside the airport amid deteriorating security conditions. Evacuees ran the gamut of human experience—from a two-month-old baby to a septuagenarian using a wheelchair. One group made it to the gate shortly before the first terrorist attacks threw the airport into total chaos. Two hours later, they were airborne. In all, we were able to evacuate by air 158 of our staff and 112 partners, while offering support to efforts that helped rescue hundreds more.\nNone of this would have been possible without the generous support of countries and leaders willing to temporarily host evacuees, who worked with us to help procure accommodations, provide COVID tests and vaccines, and offer psychosocial support.\nEnormous credit goes to Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama, the first head of government on the world stage to offer refuge when the US announced its withdrawal back in April. He personally welcomed members of our staff as they landed in Albania and sought to persuade them and many others to settle in the country, stressing the contributions he felt they could make to society there.\nPrime Minister Zoran Zaev of North Macedonia has stepped up as well, opening his nation’s arms to offer Afghans and civil society partners refuge in their hour of need. NATO’s newest member, North Macedonia has already accepted more people fleeing Afghanistan than many of its much larger European neighbours.\nThe welcoming approach shown by these Western Balkan countries should serve as an inspiration to other nations we need to see step up in taking in Afghan evacuees. In Europe, welcoming those fleeing violence and oppression has become a toxic political issue. Rama and Zaev, by contrast, see welcoming these refugees as the right thing to do—which is remarkable, given that Albania was one of the most isolated and repressive regimes in the world just 30 years ago. In terms of development, it is perhaps the country on the European continent that has come the farthest since the end of the Cold War.\nAs relieved as the evacuees I met with are to be safely out of Afghanistan, I know that there is hard work ahead. They need to reckon with all they’ve left behind and to begin to build new lives, without yet knowing their final destination, and with so many of their family and friends still in harm’s way.\nThe Open Society Foundations will continue to do what we can to help. We have launched a $10 million Afghanistan Emergency Humanitarian Fund to help expand access to safe pathways for Afghans in peril and support host countries receiving Afghans fleeing the Taliban. The fund is growing thanks to the support of other donors who have joined this effort. We are aiding Afghan refugees in the U.S. and other countries and will continue to advocate for other governments to welcome as many Afghans as possible.\nWe owe these evacuees no less. As I met with the group gathered in Durrës, I listened to their stories of the violence and chaos that has befallen their homeland, and the hardships they endured on the long and difficult journey to safety. But I was also struck by the hope in their eyes, as their thoughts turned to their new lives ahead. As the son of an immigrant myself, I recognised the power of dreams to forge new possibilities from dire circumstances.\nMay their futures be bright.\nAlexander Soros is deputy chair of the Open Society Foundations\nPrevPreviousBig 12 presidents to ‘rubber stamp’ invites to BYU, Cinci, UH, UCF on Friday\nNextJennifer Lawrence Confirms She Is Pregnant With Her First ChildNext","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line133151"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9555671811103821,"wiki_prob":0.9555671811103821,"text":"(Redirected from Cascading)\nFor information on cascade protection, see WP:CASCADE.\nLook up Cascade or cascade in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.\nCascade, Cascades or Cascading may refer to:\n1 Science and technology\n1.1 Science\n1.2 Computing\n1.3 Engineering\n2.4 Elsewhere\n3 Organizations\n4 Arts and entertainment\n4.1.1 Artists\n4.1.2 Albums\n4.1.3 Songs\n6 Other uses\nScience and technology[edit]\nScience[edit]\nCascade waterfalls, or series of waterfalls\nCascade, the CRISPR-associated complex for antiviral defense (a protein complex)\nCascade (grape), a type of fruit\nBiochemical cascade, a series of biochemical reactions, in which a product of the previous step is the substrate of the next\nEnergy cascade, a process important in turbulent flow and drag by which kinetic energy is converted into heat\nCollision cascade, a set of nearby adjacent energetic collisions of atoms induced by an energetic particle in a solid or liquid\nEcological cascade, a series of secondary extinctions triggered by the primary extinction of a key species in an ecosystem\nTrophic cascade, an interaction that can occur throughout an ecosystem when a trophic level is suppressed\nComputing[edit]\nCascading classifiers, a multistage classification scheme\nCascading deletion, a way to handle deletions in database systems\nCascading (software), an abstraction layer for Hadoop\nCascading Style Sheets (CSS), style sheet language used in markup languages like HTML\nCascade (computer virus), a type of computer virus in the 1980s\nMethod cascading, in object-oriented languages\nEngineering[edit]\nCascade amplifier, any two-port network constructed from a series of amplifiers\nCascade (chemical engineering), a series of chemical processes\nCascade filling system, for gasses\nCascade connection, a type of electrical network connection\nCascade motor connection, a speed control system for induction motor\nCascade Range, a mountain range on the west coast of North America\nCascade Creek (disambiguation)\nCascade Falls (disambiguation)\nCascade River (disambiguation)\nYerevan Cascade\nAustralia[edit]\nCascade, Norfolk Island, a settlement in the Australian external territory of Norfolk Island\nCascades, Tasmania, a suburb of Hobart\nCascade, Western Australia\nCanada[edit]\nCascade City, British Columbia, aka Cascade Falls, a ghost town\nCascade Falls (Kettle River), the eponymous waterfall near Cascade City\nCascade Inlet, a side-inlet of Dean Channel in the Central Coast region of British Columbia\nCascade Falls (Iskut River), waterfall in the Stikine-Iskut region of British Columbia\nCascade Falls Regional Park, located on Cascade Creek northeast of the District of Mission in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia\nUnited States[edit]\nCascades (ecoregion), an area of Washington, Oregon, and California\nCascade, California, an unincorporated community in Plumas County\nCascade, Colorado\nCascade, Idaho\nLake Cascade, a reservoir in Idaho\nCascade, Indiana, an unincorporated community\nCascade, Iowa, a city in Dubuque County and Jones County\nCascade Township, Michigan\nCascade Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota\nCascade, Missouri\nCascade, Montana\nCascade County, Montana\nCascade, Nebraska\nCascade, New Hampshire\nCascade, Ohio, a former town in Putnam County\nCascade Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania\nCascade, Virginia, an unincorporated community\nCascades, Virginia, a census-designated place in Loudoun County\nCascade, Seattle, Washington\nCascade-Fairwood, Washington, a census-designated place in King County\nCascade, West Virginia, an unincorporated community\nCascade, Wisconsin, a village in Sheboygan County\nElsewhere[edit]\nCascade, Jamaica, a settlement in Jamaica\nCascade, Seychelles, an administrative district of Seychelles\nPenpedairheol, Caerphilly, also known as \"Cascade\", South Wales, United Kingdom\nCascade, a public housing estates in Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong\nOrganizations[edit]\nCascade Brewery, a brewery founded in 1832 in Australia\nCascade Communications, a communications equipment manufacturer\nCascade Investment, a financial company\nCascades (company), a paper pulp company, founded in 1957 in Canada\nOpen Cascade, a software development company with head office in France\nArts and entertainment[edit]\nThe Cascade, a Canadian newspaper, first published in 1993 in British Columbia\n[s] Cascade, a flash animation from the webcomic Homestuck\nArtists[edit]\nCascade (band), a Japanese rock group, who formed in 1993\nCascade, a former name of the German dance group Cascada\nCascade, a British DJ duo also recording under the alias Transa\nAlbums[edit]\nCascade, a 1984 album by Capercaillie\nCascade, a 1986 album recorded by Terry Oldfield\nCascade (Peter Murphy album), a 1995 album by Peter Murphy\nCascade (Guy Manning album), a 2001 album by Guy Manning\nCascade, a 2009 album by Abaddon Incarnate\nCascade (William Basinski album), a 2015 album by William Basinski\n\"Cascade\", a song written by Gene Slone and played by Chet Atkins on his 1977 album Me and My Guitar\n\"Cascade\", a song by Spyro Gyra from the 1978 album Spyro Gyra\n\"Cascade\", a song by Siouxsie and the Banshees from the 1982 album A Kiss in the Dreamhouse\n\"Cascade\" (song), a 1993 single by The Future Sound of London\n\"Cascade\", a song by Dave Weckl from the 2005 album Multiplicity\n\"The Cascade\", a song by Moving Mountains from the 2011 album Waves\n\"Cascade\", a song by Kreidler from the 2012 album Den\nCascade (train), a railroad train\nUSS Cascade (AD-16), a 1942 ship\nCascade College, a former college in Oregon, US\nCascade (juggling), a juggling pattern\nCascade hop, an agricultural crop\nJabot (window), also called a cascade, a type of interior decor\nInformation cascade, when people use the actions of others as an input to their own actions\nCascade, a household dishwashing detergent manufactured by Procter & Gamble\nCascades (disambiguation)\nCascade Lake (disambiguation)\nKASCADE, a European physics experiment\nKaskade (Ryan Gary Raddon, born 1971), American DJ\nCascada (disambiguation)\nCascadia (disambiguation)\nCollisional cascading (disambiguation)\nAll pages with titles beginning with Cascade\nAll pages with titles containing Cascade\nAll pages with titles beginning with Cascading\nAll pages with titles containing Cascading\nThis disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Cascade.\nRetrieved from \"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cascade&oldid=1054446682\"\nPlace name disambiguation pages","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line223016"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6573106646537781,"wiki_prob":0.6573106646537781,"text":"The Canadian Word Sleuth: babiche, bismarcks, ginch...\nby Katherine Barber\nDid Samuel Johnson ever have to ask his compatriots and colleagues what they call their underwear? Did James Murray ever have to head to the ladies' lingerie section of his local department store to determine how \"brassiere\" should be spelled in the Oxford English Dictionary? Did Henry Fowler ever pop into his local \"perogy palace\" (an unlikely find in the Channel Islands!) to do field research for Modern English Usage?\nHaving seen The Canadian Oxford Dictionary (Oxford University Press, 1,728 pages, $39.95 cloth) through to completion, I wouldn't be surprised if these illustrious lexicographers did precisely that-even if the fact has not been recorded in the annals of lexicography, any more than \"the Canadian Tire guy\" and \"the grain elevator agent out at Rosser, Manitoba\" get credit among the list of consultants appearing at the front of a dictionary.\nLexicographers resort to all sorts of research methods, from the most sophisticated to the simplest, in their attempt to describe the language and all its facets. Since Samuel Johnson's time, the tried and true method of serious lexicography is to establish a reading program that is as all-embracing as possible. In The Canadian Oxford Dictionary's case, this meant reading an eclectic selection of Canadian texts, a total of about 8,000 sources: everything from the novels of Robertson Davies to magazines about logging and Inuit art and fish farming, to books on figure skating and hockey. You can imagine the odd looks that must come your way from other ballet patrons when you're seen at the intermission of Swan Lake reading Eric Lindros's autobiography-not only reading it, but actually highlighting the juicy hockey vocabulary!\nOf course most people assume that when lexicographers say we have to read a lot, what we read are other dictionaries. We do in fact consult them, but often the information they contain is unreliable or out of date. A case in point is the Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles, which was published in 1967. We systematically examined every entry in this dictionary, but it was often hard to determine whether a word was still current in the 1990s though we hadn't heard of it, or whether it had never survived the sixties. An example was \"babiche\", a kind of rawhide used in snowshoes, among other things. Books and magazines yielded no evidence for the word, and neither did the CD-ROMs of Canadian newspapers. We decided to bite the bullet and pay for an online database search of Southam newspapers dating back to the seventies and, sure enough, we found evidence of \"babiche\" and put it in the dictionary. Imagine my dismay when shortly after that, I was in the sporting goods section of my local Canadian Tire store and saw a snowshoe with the label, \"Pure babiche\"! We made sure to add the Canadian Tire catalogue to our reading program.\nBut even a vast reading program leaves some questions unanswered, sending the lexicographers scurrying for more information wherever they are most likely to find it. Hence the trip to the ladies' lingerie section (I offered to do this for the lexicographer responsible for that stretch of the alphabet when he started to show signs of acute embarrassment at my suggestion that he head to Eaton's and start reading brassiere packages to see whether the word was still spelled with an accent or not). As it happens, we found out that all of these packages now use only the word \"bra\".\nBy some cruel quirk of fate, this same lexicographer ended up with all our underwear words, so it fell to him to inquire of our e-mail survey group (a very convenient research tool not, alas, available to Samuel Johnson) which word or words they used to designate their undies: \"gitch\", \"ginch\", \"gotch\", \"gotchies\" or \"gaunch\". The results confirmed what the quotations gleaned from our reading of novels from every region of Canada had suggested: there is a mysterious line falling across the country somewhere about Lloydminster, west of which people say \"gaunch\" and \"ginch\", and east of which people say \"gotch\", \"gotchies\" or \"gitch\". Our survey group also proved invaluable when we were researching the exclamation, \"Holy jumpin'!\", for which we had no written evidence. Everyone agreed that they not only knew the expression, but also used it. Subsequently, we did find a reference for it in a Canadian short story.\nIndeed, we often wondered how anyone ever wrote a dictionary before e-mail. In addition to our Canadian survey group, respondents in the U.S., the U.K., South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand answered a constant barrage of questions. If \"beer parlour\" is a Canadian word, we asked our American friends, why was Stephen King using it in novels? \"Ah,\" they said, \"well you know he lives in Maine, he's probably popping across the border for a quick brewski and has been corrupted by you Canadians.\" For a while, we thought we had found a uniquely Canadian usage of the F-word but our helpful informants disabused us of that notion (not, of course, that they would ever use it, you understand, but they know people who know people who have heard it used in movies). They were also entertained by our question as to whether the word \"squared\" is used there to mean \"hit in the groin\". It turns out it isn't, and that in fact-curiously-it seems to be limited to Toronto. \"Road apples\" were the topic of hot debate one October morning, as we determined that while Americans do use the term to mean horse droppings, only Canadians use it to mean frozen horse droppings used as hockey pucks!\nWe could almost hear the collective gagging from our British colleagues when we asked if they were familiar with the \"Bloody Caesar\": \"A mixture of clam-and-tomato juice and vodka,\" we breezily informed them. But then any nation that includes amongst its culinary accomplishments lamb's fry (Brit. lamb's testicles or other offal as food) should not try to judge another country's food and drink. Our field research, what with \"Nanaimo bars\" and \"butter tarts\" and such, was much tastier. Mind you, one of the Canadian cookbooks in our library does have a recipe for \"Scrambled Caribou Brains on Toast\". We decided to forgo the field research on that one, but one item of food we could not ignore was garlic sausage. Because of the huge influx of Eastern European immigrants to Canada in the nineteenth century, we are left with not one but three possible names: the Polish kielbasa, the Russian kolbasa, and the Ukrainian-well, what did the Ukrainians call it? We had evidence of the Polish and Russian forms, but none for the Ukrainian. Having grown up in Winnipeg, I knew that Ukrainians did not use either the Polish or (God forbid) the Russian word, so I sent my father off on a trek in search of the elusive sausage word. Alycia's Perogy Palace in North End Winnipeg was a bit of a disappointment since she used the Polish \"kielbasa\", and we were on the point of despairing when, driving in to Edmonton from visiting my brother in Cold Lake, my parents stopped for lunch at Baba's Bistro and found \"kubasa\" on the menu!\nMany people ask if we had suggestions from the general public for our dictionary. When we first started, we inserted cards in every book shipped from Oxford University Press Canada's warehouse-100,000 in all inviting readers to send in suggestions with supporting quotations. Not a great success. We had an experience common to most dictionary projects: a phone call from a gentleman who described himself as an \"inventor\" and who invented words and had some to submit to us (for a fee, I suspect). When we explained that we had to have evidence of words being used before they went in our dictionary, he got most annoyed, told us we didn't know anything about writing dictionaries and what words should go in, and that he wouldn't send us his words after all because we would obviously just \"steal\" them without giving him credit.\nWe used another method for soliciting public input when we had to confront the thorny problem of what Canadians across the country called that staple of their diets-the round, sugar-coated, jam-filled doughnut. We wrote a letter to the editors of ninety-two newspapers encouraging readers to write and tell us what they called this delicacy. After the flood of replies died down, we could state with some assurance that a jelly doughnut became a \"bismarck\" in Alberta and Saskatchewan, then morphed into a \"jambuster\" in Manitoba and Northwestern Ontario, before it settled down to life as a \"jelly doughnut\" again in the east. This was actually a very helpful exercise in determining approximately where the change between one word and the other happened, but it was the sort of technique that could only be applied to unambiguous questions about common objects.\nFor certain categories of words, specialist consultants did the research for us. Canada's Aboriginal peoples provided us with a wealth of vocabulary never before recorded in dictionaries. The names for Aboriginal peoples with which most English-speaking Canadians are familiar, such as Ojibwa, are fading away as the names used or preferred by the peoples themselves take over. But since these had not yet appeared in dictionaries, spelling was totally unstandardized. For instance, we found thirty-two different versions of \"Anishnabe\". An improved awareness amongst English-speaking Canadians of Aboriginal issues and cultural realities also required that we research words such as \"dream catcher\", \"sentencing circle\", \"button blanket\", and \"vision quest\".\nAnd finally we must not forget the innumerable people at universities, associations, and businesses who patiently and competently answered our telephone inquiries. While trying to determine exactly what \"maple butter\" was, we contacted the Ontario Maple Syrup Producers Association, which we envisaged as being in some office building somewhere. The receptionist (we presumed) took note of our query then politely informed us that the president was unavailable just then since he was out in the barn with the cows, but we should call back when he came in for lunch. And indeed, he gave us enough information on the exact temperature to which the syrup needed to be heated and cooled that we felt we could take up maple syrup production as a sideline from lexicography.\nDictionary users probably conceive of lexicographers (if they think of them at all) as white-bearded, stuffy, somewhat eccentric types shut away in an ivory tower contemplating the finest works of English literature. The truth is much different: because the language describes all aspects of life, lexicographers are involved in the mundane, amusing, solemn, and quirky realities of our day-to-day existence. It is one of the things that makes dictionary-making so rewarding a task. \u0007\nKatherine Barber is the Editor-in-Chief of The Canadian Oxford Dictionary, which was published in June of 1998. She also has a regular spot on CBC Radio 1 in Toronto as Metro Morning's \"Word Lady\", where she explains fascinating word histories.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1239673"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6754232048988342,"wiki_prob":0.6754232048988342,"text":"Minneriya reservoir and its surrounding wetland habitat is inhabited by a large number of a aquatic bird species in addition to elephants. Early morning and late evening are the optimum observation times of the day for resident and migratory birds. Flock of about 2000 little cormorant (Phalacrocorax niger) diving in the waters of Minneriya reservoir is not a rare scene. In addition painted strokes (Mycteria leucocephala), Great white pelicans (Pelicanus anocrotalus), Ruddy turnstones (Arenaria interpres) and Grey herons (Ardea cinerea) too can be seen.\nThe best season to view the large Elephant herds gathering at the banks of the water reservoir is the dry season from June to Sept. Sambar and Spotted deer are other wild animals roam the park.\nThe park covers an area of approximately 8900 Ha.\nThe Minneriya National Park is located in the north–central plains (North-East Province) Sri Lanka, 20 km from Polonnaruwa. From Colombo is about 182 km journey.\nAfter the Minneriya National Park in 1938 was advertised as a nature reserve, he offered in 1997 to the National Park.\nEven though it is one of the smallest national parks in the country for only 8,889 acres, it is a paradise with many natural wonders.\nMinneriya National Park are for current counts for about wild elephants have found a home.\nThe Minneriya National Park consists of mixed evergreen forest and scrub, and is home to sambar deer, leopards and elephants.\nBut the central feature of the park is the ancient Minneriya tank (built in the 3rd century. BC. King Mahasena).\nDuring the dry season (June to September), this tank is the place that serves the animals as a water source to which the elephants come to bathe and browse.\nHuge flocks of birds (cormorants and storks, to name a few), there are also a.\nBesides the many elephants are especially monkeys, leopards, deer and bears in this area.\nGetting to the Minneriya National Park\nThe main entrance to the Minneriya National Park is located opposite Habarana – Polonnaruwa road (A11).\nFrom Colombo: Habarana junction via Kurunegala, Dambulla (A1, A6), turn right towards Habarana Polonnaruwa.\n10 km towards Polonnaruwa to Minneriya National Park.\nThe distance from Colombo is about 182km and about 4-5 hours drive.\nWeather and Season\nThe best months to visit Minneriya National Park are the dry months ago by June to September.\nHundreds of elephants are in the vicinity of the Minneriya Lake, which is transformed into a green grass landscape, tightened.\nTo visit the Minneriya National Park should be scheduled at least 2-3 hours.\nKaudulla National Park","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1327596"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7375869750976562,"wiki_prob":0.7375869750976562,"text":"Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe — [Sir Charles Walker in the Chair]\n– in Westminster Hall at 11:29 am on 16th November 2021.\n« Previous debate\nAll Westminster Hall debates on 16 Nov 2021\nNext debate »\n[Sir Charles Walker in the Chair]\nLink to this item In context Individually\n(Citation: HC Deb, 16 November 2021, c191WH)\nCharles Walker Chair, Administration Committee, Chair, Administration Committee 2:30 pm, 16th November 2021\nBefore I call Tulip Siddiq, I wish to make a short statement about the sub judice resolution. I have been advised that there are active legal proceedings in the High Court between International Military Services Ltd and Iran’s Ministry of Defence. I am exercising the discretion given to the Chair in respect of the resolution on matters sub judice to allow full reference to those proceedings as they concern issues of national importance.\nColleagues, it will not have escaped your attention that the debate is massively over-subscribed. Many of you will be disappointed, but you are here showing your support, so thank you. If you intervene on colleagues and you are down to speak, you may be moved off the speakers list, because we will only get to 15 or 16 of you. There will be a three-minute limit on speeches after Tulip Siddiq has spoken.\nLink to this speech In context Individually\nTulip Siddiq Shadow Minister (Education) 2:31 pm, 16th November 2021\nI beg to move,\nThat this House\nhas considered the case of Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe.\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. A lot of Members will be well versed with the details of my constituent’s case. Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe has been unlawfully detained in Iran for nearly six years now, separated from her young daughter and her family. She served the first five years of her first sentence and was then put under house arrest at her parents’ house, wearing an ankle tag. She then faced another charge and was sentenced to another year, and then a year’s travel ban—effectively, two more years of being separated from her family in London.\nNazanin appealed the sentence of her second case, which was rejected. At that time, her husband, Richard Ratcliffe, decided to go on hunger strike. I say to Members across the House that no one goes on hunger strike on a whim. Richard Ratcliffe went on hunger strike because he felt that he had no other option, and that this was his last resort. He went on hunger strike for three weeks outside the Foreign Office in order to capture the attention of those in the upper echelons of Government, because he does not think that they are helping with his wife’s plight. I am disappointed that in the three weeks during which Richard was starving himself outside the Foreign Office, the Prime Minister of our country did not come to visit him.\nKim Leadbeater Labour, Batley and Spen\nHas the Prime Minister met my hon. Friend and Richard in recent years? What has his personal intervention been in this case? Does he keep in touch with my hon. Friend? Has he shown the leadership and compassion needed in this case?\nTulip Siddiq Shadow Minister (Education)\nThe Prime Minister did meet us shortly after becoming Prime Minister, but he has not done so in recent years. After dealing with this case for nearly six years, having tabled eight urgent questions in the House, and having dealt with five Foreign Secretaries and countless Ministers, I think it is high time that the Prime Minister, knowing the details, got involved properly.\nStephen Doughty Shadow Minister (Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs and International Development)\nThese sentiments are shared entirely by my constituents. Like many Members here today, I have been overwhelmed by messages of support for Nazanin, Richard and the whole family. All urge the Government to act and to show solidarity with the whole family in wanting Nazanin to be freed. Could my hon. Friend please convey that to the family?\nRichard Ratcliffe is in the Gallery and will have heard that message directly from my hon. Friend. This campaign has touched everyone, regardless of where they are in the country. A lot of Members will know that my constituency of Hampstead and Kilburn is one of affluence and deprivation. When I am in Hampstead, Emma Thompson will stop me and ask, “Have you got Nazanin home?” When I am campaigning in the south Kilburn estates, people will open the door and say, “What good are you if you haven’t got that poor woman home yet?” The campaign has touched everyone; my hon. Friend is right to make that point.\nJim Shannon Shadow DUP Spokesperson (Human Rights), Shadow DUP Spokesperson (Health)\nI commend the hon. Lady for her excellent campaign. She deserves every credit. The USA has agreed to pay around $1.4 billion in moneys owed to Iran, even though it supports the sanctions against Iran. Does she agree that the UK should follow the USA’s decision by paying the £400 million, thereby ensuring Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe’s immediate release?\nThe hon. Gentleman has appeared at every single debate we have had on Nazanin. I thank him for all his efforts in the campaign. I will come to the debt and getting our constituents back home.\nIt goes without saying that the reason why my constituent is imprisoned in Iran is because of the Iranian regime. It is because of them that my constituent is away from her young family. But in six years of dealing with our Government, I have become increasingly frustrated that Ministers are ignoring the elephant in the room, which is the fact that this case is now linked to the £400 million that this country owes Iran. That is not something I want to deal with, but it is the reality of the situation. It is becoming obvious that the Iranians see the £400 million that we owe as a pre-condition to releasing Nazanin.\nRoger Gale Conservative, North Thanet\nI congratulate the hon. Lady on securing the debate. She said “constituents” and she is absolutely right. Nobody in this room has anything but compassion for Richard Ratcliffe and his family, but there are other constituents who are dual nationals who also need the help of the British Government. Does she agree that they are living under the most awful regime and that has to be a priority?\nI thank the right hon. Gentleman for his intervention. I will mention the other dual nationals who are imprisoned in Iran. As he says, Nazanin is not the only one.\nI want to go back to the question of the debt before I take another intervention. When Nazanin was captured and put in solitary confinement in Evin prison, she was told by prison guards that the reason she was being held was because of our failure to pay this historic debt. Former President Rouhani told our Prime Minister in March this year that accelerating the payment on the debt would solve a lot of the problems in the bilateral relationship between Iran and our country. Iran’s former Foreign Minister Zarif also cited the debt in an article. There is no question but that the debt is linked to Nazanin’s case.\nWe have seen that it is not a coincidence: every time there is any movement on the IMS court hearing, there is some movement on Nazanin’s case. When the IMS court hearing was delayed earlier this year, Nazanin received a call a week later saying, “Come to court, because we need to speak to you.” There is no coincidence, because the two are linked. What frustrates me so much is that every time I speak to the Government, they seem to bury their head in the sand and deny that there is a link.\nMartin Docherty Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Industries of the Future and Blockchain Technologies), Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Foreign Affairs Team Member), Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Defence Team Member), Shadow SNP Spokesperson (PPS to the Westminster Leader)\nI thank the hon. Member for securing the debate. I wonder whether they, like me, believe that for cases such as Nazanin’s and that of my constituent Jagtar Singh Johal, having a fully resourced consular support service that enables diplomats rather than hindering them, so that families can have confidence in that consular support, is the least that the Government can provide for them and for the rest of us?\nI fully agree. One of the biggest disappointments has been that British officials will not go to the court hearings for Nazanin when she is called back to court. That is something we have been asking for again and again.\nMatt Rodda Shadow Minister (Work and Pensions) (Pensions)\nMartin Docherty-Hughes makes an important point. I also wish to offer my support to the family—to Richard and Nazanin—at this very difficult time. My hon. Friend makes an excellent point about the level of involvement of the Prime Minister and those at senior levels in the current Administration. Will she comment on how that compares and contrasts with the level of support from previous Prime Ministers?\nI will come to the topic of the three former Foreign Secretaries and what they have said. In terms of Prime Ministers, one of the problems that I have always had with this case is that it needs intervention from the Prime Minister, but it has not felt as though the three Prime Ministers that we have dealt with have given us that option. Bear in mind that I have asked Prime Minister’s questions to all of them and turned up at No. 10 to knock on their door every single time there has been a new Prime Minister.\nSeveral hon. Members:\nI will take an intervention in a minute, but I want to make a little more progress.\nThe Leader of the House told me in March that Iran was holding us to ransom. He said that\n“the UK Government do not pay for the release of hostages”—[Official Report, 11 March 2021; Vol. 690, c. 1014.]\nI see the logic of this principle but, in the truest form of the word, this is not a ransom; it is a debt. It is a debt that we as a country owe Iran. It was ruled in international tribunals that we owe Iran this money. Anyone hiding behind the fact that it is a ransom is wrong. They need to see the ruling in international courts to understand that we owe this money.\nIain Duncan Smith Conservative, Chingford and Woodford Green\nI thank the hon. Lady for giving way and congratulate her on securing the debate. I will also take this opportunity to say exactly how brave Richard has been throughout this ordeal, on behalf of his whole family. He is here today. As I am a co-chair of the all-party parliamentary group on Magnitsky sanctions, I wonder whether the hon. Lady might ask the Government this question in due course: how is it that the United States, Australia, France and Germany have all now successfully negotiated the release of their citizens who were arbitrarily detained in Iran, yet we have made no progress? Perhaps she could challenge the Government on that.\nI thank the right hon. Member for his intervention. He is absolutely right, because those countries have brought their people home. Indeed, Australia actually managed to bring Nazanin’s prison cellmate back home, while Nazanin herself is still in Iran. So I hope that the Minister will pay attention to what the right hon. Member has just said, because he makes a very important point.\nRegarding the debt, I will come back to something that the Secretary of State for Defence has said:\n“With regard to IMS Ltd and the outstanding legal dispute the government acknowledges there is a debt to be paid and continues to explore every legal avenue for the lawful discharge of that debt.”\nSo if anyone questions whether we owe the money, we definitely owe the money, as has been stated several times. It is not a ransom; it is a debt that we as a country should lawfully pay back to Iran.\nMargaret Ferrier Independent, Rutherglen and Hamilton West\nNuclear negotiations restart on 29 November and there is a risk that both Nazanin’s case and Anoosheh Ashoori’s case will be used as leverage. The negotiations are complex and we cannot risk these cases becoming entangled in them. Does the hon. Lady agree that the Government need to have a plan in place to ensure that these cases do not get caught up in the nuclear negotiations?\nI thank the hon. Member for her intervention. I think that Members from across the House can probably hear the frustration in my voice, because I am very worried that my constituent is getting caught up in this overall universal problem and becoming a pawn between the two countries. Her husband has maintained from day one that she is a pawn caught between the two countries, which is unacceptable.\nIan Paisley Jnr Shadow DUP Spokesperson (Communities and Local Government), Shadow DUP Spokesperson (Culture, Media and Sport)\nWill the hon. Member give way?\nI will make just a bit more progress before giving way again.\nOne of the things that I have been told by different Foreign Office Ministers, off and on the record, is that there are practical issues with actually paying the debt. However, if anyone has read the news this week, they will have seen that three former Foreign Secretaries have come out and said that there are ways of paying the debt without busting sanctions and without angering our western allies. For me the question is this: if we all know that the debt exists, and we have ways of paying it, what is the explanation for why we have not paid it?\nKevin Brennan Labour, Cardiff West\nI am extremely grateful to my hon. Friend for giving way. Earlier Sir Iain Duncan Smith made the point about the UK’s seeming inability to get our people who are held captive overseas released. I know that she is aware of the case of Luke Symons, my constituent who is held by the Houthis. Similarly, other countries seem to have been able to get their people held by them released. Does she think that there is something wrong in the way the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office is approaching these cases?\nThat is the frustration that Nazanin expresses every time I speak to her: that her Government are not doing enough for her as a British citizen. The people she was in jail with are going home, while she is still stuck there, missing out on her daughter’s childhood.\nThe other point I will make—then I will take another intervention—is that I do not think that as a country we can take the moral high ground in relation to Iran and to Nazanin if we are not following a legal ruling that says we owe Iran money.\nClaire Hanna Social Democratic and Labour Party, Belfast South\nI thank the hon. Member for her generosity in giving way. People across south Belfast, and indeed across Northern Ireland, have expressed their distress at the forced separation of a mother and her young daughter. Does the hon. Member share my concern that the failure that this family are experiencing is part of a pattern of moral unseriousness and a lack of moral courage, which is in very stark contrast to the steadfastness and bravery that this family are somehow finding?\nI agree with the hon. Member and thank her for her help in this campaign. I repeat the point that several other Members have already made, which is that this issue is not just about Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe; it is also about Anoosheh Ashoori and Morad Tahbaz.\nJanet Daby Labour, Lewisham East\nI thank my hon. Friend for securing this essential debate. I also thank her for mentioning my constituent Anoosheh Ashoori, a 67-year-old man who is a father and a husband, and a British citizen who is also locked up in the same prison as Nazanin. Does my hon. Friend agree that it is a grotesque crime for Iran to hold hostages but that it is also a crime for our country not to settle any debts that are possibly keeping the hostages there?\nI thank my hon. Friend for her intervention and applaud all the work she is doing to try to free her constituent. It is sad that we have had to bond over this topic, with both of us having constituents who are imprisoned in Iran and separated from their families.\nWe need to pay our debt and challenge Iran, calling it out for what it is—challenging the perpetrators. But until we pay our debt, they will not even come to the negotiating table and we cannot deal with them.\nLiz Saville-Roberts Shadow PC Spokesperson (Home Affairs), Shadow PC Spokesperson (Women and Equalities) , Plaid Cymru Westminster Leader, Shadow PC Spokesperson (Justice), Shadow PC Spokesperson (Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), Shadow PC Spokesperson (Transport), Shadow PC Spokesperson (Attorney General)\nIn February, the Minister assured us that the UK Government were using every tool in their diplomatic arsenal and doing everything they could to get Nazanin home. Does the hon. Lady want to ask the Minister, as I do, what is missing from those diplomatic tools, because so far they have failed to bring anything about?\nWhat I would say is that in the nearly six years that Richard Ratcliffe and I have been campaigned to get Nazanin home, we have heard every platitude. We have heard about no stones being unturned. We have heard about how this issue is top of the Government’s agenda. We know it is their highest priority, but warm words are not enough any more. After six years, I want to see my constituent come home. I do not want to hear from the Government the same rhetoric over and over again, which is what we are hearing.\nCatherine West Shadow Minister (Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs)\nI thank my hon. Friend and constituency neighbour for giving way. I want to put on the record my heartfelt feelings on behalf of all the people in Hornsey and Wood Green. I also want to point out how long it has taken to resolve the case of my constituent Aras Amiri, who was a member of the British Council—she was almost a Foreign Office employee. There is a feeling that we all think this is inevitable, but we have to get some energy and some push in order to get Nazanin home.\nThat was a tragic case, and I know my hon. Friend fought very hard for her constituent.\nBefore I get to a series of questions that I want to ask the Minister, I would like to give the opportunity for anyone else to intervene.\nI congratulate the hon. Lady on securing a debate on this serious matter. Is not the elephant in the room the very obvious fact that the current incumbent in Downing Street said something that was a monumental cock-up, which has had a human cost? It is now up to the Government to fix that immediately, without further delay.\nThe truth is that the Prime Minister made an enormous blunder when giving evidence to Parliament, and I hope he feels responsible for that. As a result, I hope he takes some action to bring my constituent home.\nDavid Linden Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Work and Pensions)\nOn behalf of the people in Glasgow East, I extend my best wishes to Richard, Nazanin and Gabriella. Catherine West mentioned the need to get energy into the effort to get Nazanin home. It is widely accepted in the House that the current Foreign Secretary is always full of energy, so can Tulip Siddiq tell us what the new Foreign Secretary has done to try to progress the case of Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe?\nI am appreciative of the fact that the new Foreign Secretary called me as soon as she was in post and said that she was dealing with Nazanin. She also called us in for a meeting, along with Richard Ratcliffe and members of his family. I am grateful that she seems to be acting on the issue, but I will judge her on what she does at the end. As I say, we have dealt with five Foreign Secretaries and none of them has brought Nazanin home yet. It is time the Foreign Secretary took some action properly.\nI have to go on to my questions, but I will take some very short interventions.\nMunira Wilson Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (Health and Social Care)\nI congratulate the hon. Lady on her campaign. Given that Nazanin has been granted diplomatic protection, how does the hon. Lady feel that the Government are treating her case differently from other consular cases? Does she think that Anoosheh Ashoori should also be granted diplomatic protection?\nI give way to the hon. Gentleman.\nToby Perkins Shadow Minister (Education)\nI pay tribute to my hon. Friend on behalf of the people of Chesterfield. She is absolutely inspirational in the campaign that she is fighting, but I know it will mean something to her only when she gets Nazanin home. Will she tell us a bit more about the barbaric Iranian regime and the way it has operated? What is her message to the regime?\nI give way again.\nMike Amesbury Shadow Minister (Housing, Communities and Local Government)\nThe people of Weaver Vale send their love and compassion to Nazanin, Richard and Gabriella, and to my hon. Friend, who is a real champion of this issue. It is now important that the Foreign Secretary and the Prime Minister do the right thing.\nI have rarely seen such a crowded Westminster Hall debate. It demonstrates the amount of affection and concern that we have for Nazanin. I think Richard will report that back to his wife, so I thank hon. Members.\nI will pick up on diplomatic protection. It is right to say that diplomatic protection was given to Nazanin by the former Foreign Secretary. We in the campaign do not feel that the Government have used that enough, because it became a state-to-state dispute the moment that diplomatic protection was given. One of the questions I have for the Minister is whether he will do something to use the diplomatic protection and try to get Nazanin home.\nI will get to my questions, if that is okay. I am conscious of the time.\nCharles Walker Chair, Administration Committee, Chair, Administration Committee\nIf Members have intervened on the hon. Lady already, please do not do so again. I think the hon. Lady was going to give way to Mr MacNeil and then Ms Vaz.\nAngus MacNeil Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Trade Team Member), Chair, International Trade Committee, Chair, International Trade Committee\nIf we were able to engineer a vote today on the payment of the debt, it would be unanimous. Is there a way that we can engineer a vote in the main Chamber on the debt, so that we add pressure on the Government to pay the debt and get Nazanin home?\nMs Vaz, you are not going to get in to speak. Do you have an intervention to make?\nValerie Vaz Labour, Walsall South\nVery briefly, I thank my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq and wish her and my hon. Friend Janet Daby well. The Ratcliffe family, and Anoosheh Ashoori, Morad Tahbaz, who was born in Hammersmith Hospital, and Mehran Raoof are all British citizens. The Hague convention applies to them; they can get diplomatic protection. If the Minister would only look at the Hague convention, he would find that it takes other factors into account. More importantly, why do we not harness the spirit of Lewis Hamilton at the Brazilian grand prix, and realise that there is not a single obstacle that is going to stop us bringing home our Nazanin, Anoosheh, Morad and Mehran?\nI give way to Drew Hendry\nDrew Hendry Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Trade)\nMay I put it on the record that the people of Inverness, Nairn, Badenoch and Strathspey are fully behind Nazanin being freed? Would the hon. Lady agree that the UK Government must now act without any fear of upsetting allies such as the United States, and do what must be done to free Nazanin now?\nI absolutely agree. I will ask the Minister a series of questions, and then I know that there are lots of hon. Members who want to speak.\nWhy will the Government not acknowledge that Nazanin is a hostage, and challenge Iran’s hostage-taking with sanctions or legal action? Will the Minister set out exactly what practical and legal issues he believes stand in the way of resolving the International Military Services debt, so that these can be properly scrutinised? The Government have long accepted that they owe the debt as a matter of international law. Do the Government think that they are entitled to ignore their legal obligations and the rule of law? Have the Government made a specific offer to Iran to discharge the debt through humanitarian assistance, such as the provision of medicine? Have the Government sought or received assurance from the US, in the form of a comfort letter, that no bank will be sanctioned or fined for facilitating the payment of the debt? Finally, a Foreign Office Minister, Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park, said in the Lords yesterday that,\n“were the Government to pay hundreds of millions of pounds to the Iranian Government, that would undoubtedly be seen as payment for a hostage situation.”—[Official Report, House of Lords, 15 November 2021; Vol. 816, c. 18.]\nIs that the view of the Government?\nColleagues, many of you are not going to get called. I will give those I do call three minutes, but if you speak for less, more people will get in. Please stop taking photographs; you know that you are not meant to take photographs.\nBob Stewart Conservative, Beckenham 2:53 pm, 16th November 2021\nI will focus on the money that we owe Iran for the tanks that we never delivered even though the Shah’s regime had paid for them before the Iranian revolution of 1979. The United States was in a similar position to us, and apparently owed $1.7 billion to the Iranian regime. However, it was reported that the Obama Administration returned that money, via Switzerland and in other than US currency, on 17 January 2016, 22 January 2016 and 5 February 2016. On 17 January, by chance, four US prisoners were released from Iranian jails. The Obama Administration, of course, denied that there was any connection.\nOn 30 June 2016, I asked the Secretary of State for Defence how much the MOD owed Iran for Chieftain tanks that were never delivered. The answer that I received was that the MOD did not dispute that the money was owed, but that EU sanctions stopped repayment. There is no doubt that we owe Iran £400 million, and it should be given back. With luck, if we repay the money, the supreme leader, who is the only person who will make the decision, may be magnanimous enough to order the release of not just Nazanin but all the other British prisoners held in jail in Iran. As we have always owed that money, I can live with the idea that we have not been blackmailed into returning £400 million for military equipment that we never delivered.\nJoanna Cherry Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Justice and Home Affairs) 2:55 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. I congratulate Tulip Siddiq on securing the debate and on her hard work on this serious issue. I pay tribute to her constituent, who is sitting behind me. Along with many other MPs, I was privileged to visit him during his hunger strike.\nThe facts are stark. A British citizen has been detained for five and a half years on unsubstantiated allegations of spying. Successive Conservative Foreign Secretaries have failed to secure her freedom. No less than three distinguished former Foreign Secretaries have said that the debt to Iran should be paid so that Nazanin can come home.\nI will keep my comments brief. There have been some good articles about the case in the newspapers over the weekend, particularly The Times and The Observer. I am grateful to them for informing the questions that I will ask of the Minister.\nFirst, why is the Prime Minister still refusing to settle the acknowledged £400 million debt to Iran incurred before the ’79 revolution? Why has he let that unjustified failure to pay up bedevil the talks? Why are the Government saying that bank transfer restrictions arising from international sanctions prevent payment? Is that not untrue? Surely the Government can find legal ways around rules that they helped to create. As we have already heard, the United States settled a similar debt in return for the release of four American hostages.\nJonathan Edwards Independent, Carmarthen East and Dinefwr\nThe hon. and learned Lady is presenting a forensic case in her usual style. Does she agree with the International Observatory of Human Rights that one way around that issue might be to use humanitarian aid?\nJoanna Cherry Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Justice and Home Affairs)\nYes, indeed. I will come to that.\nSecondly, why has the Prime Minister failed to honour the personal promise to pay the debt that he made as Foreign Secretary to Mr Ratcliffe and, indirectly, to the Iranians? That promise was a blatant attempt to compensate for the disastrous blunder that we have heard about when he misrepresented Nazanin’s activities in Tehran. Why will the Prime Minister not keep his word and his promises, particularly when the life of a young mother is at stake?\nThirdly, why are the Prime Minister and the Foreign Secretary persisting with the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office’s non-confrontational softly-softly approach? Let us be honest: the Government are not exactly known for their non-confrontational softly-softly approach when it comes to the European Union or the vexed question of the north of Ireland. In this respect, their approach has failed completely. It is not about paying a ransom; it is about the credibility of the British Government abroad and the confidence of British citizens in their Government. When will the Prime Minister take a tougher line with Iran than with the European Union?\nEsther McVey Conservative, Tatton 2:58 pm, 16th November 2021\nI pay tribute to Tulip Siddiq for securing this important debate and for her unyielding determination to keep the issue in the public’s consciousness and alive in Parliament. Nazanin and her family have been subjected to the utmost cruelty—a never-ending emotional torture. Just when they think that freedom is within their grasp, it is ripped away again. Where does somebody go from here and what do they do?\nRichard asked himself that question. He has raised the issue with a series of Secretaries of State and Prime Ministers. He has involved the media in the UK and what independent voices there are in Tehran. When I spoke to him when I visited him a few times in the last couple of weeks, he said that the only thing he felt he could now do was starve himself. I ask how hopeless, powerless and desperate someone must be to feel that the only thing they can do is go on hunger strike—endure 21 days of not eating, while at the same time being prepared to see people, greet people and do interviews, explaining again and again what their situation is, in the hope that something will budge.\nThroughout, Richard has remained utterly gracious. He has asked himself, “How do I break this stalemate? What do I do to make sure that my wife, and other British citizens in the same situation, are not forgotten? How do I make sure that their lives do not disappear in a pile of paperwork pushed to the back of a desk?” Nazanin has endured the most profound mental and physical trauma throughout her imprisonment, tortuous heartbreak caused by prolonged separation from her loved ones. She has been subjected to prolonged periods of solitary confinement, vastly inadequate living conditions, and traumatising interrogation. Her treatment has been utterly appalling.\nHow do we end this nightmare? So far, diplomatic routes have not worked. The sticking point is a £400 million historical debt relating to a sale of Chieftain tanks, paid for but never received, dating back to the 1970s. To date, there have been conversations, discussions, deliberations, articles and newspaper coverage, but words alone are no longer enough: it is time for action. Can the Minister today let us know what that action will be, so that Nazanin can come home where she rightly belongs, with her family?\nJustin Madders Shadow Minister (Health and Social Care) 3:01 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to see you in the Chair, Sir Charles. I congratulate my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq on securing today’s debate, and on the relentless tenacity she has shown in highlighting the injustice of Nazanin’s incarceration at every opportunity. I of course wish to pay tribute to Richard Ratcliffe as well: I have had the privilege of meeting him on a number of occasions, and each time he has been a picture of calm, dignity and resolve. Goodness knows what he must be feeling inside, yet despite that unimaginable torment, he has always conducted himself in a way that is a credit to himself and to Nazanin. To have gone on hunger strike for three weeks, having done so previously and suffered the agonies of it already, and knowing the damage it can do to a person, shows the level of desperation he must feel at a seemingly intractable situation in which hope can be cruelly snatched away. That must be the hardest thing of all to take.\nMany of my constituents have been in touch to register their support for the release of Nazanin. Understandably, they have been moved by the plight of a mother separated from her husband and child, but they have also been motivated to contact me because of what they see as a failure of the UK Government to take decisive action. We all know that diplomacy is a fine art and that nuance is required, but there is no room for doubt here: this is an injustice and an intolerable situation, and every opportunity should be taken to right this wrong. Many of my constituents believe, as I do and as we have heard today, that more can be done. We have heard some examples of what that might look like.\nThe entire history of this situation does not need repeating, but it is worth repeating that Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe has been imprisoned for crimes that she did not commit. I use the word “crimes” with a heavy caveat: we should resist talking about this situation in terms of crimes committed, because this is not a criminal justice matter but a political one. She is a victim of the long-standing dispute between Iran and this country over the £400 million it says is owed by the UK Government. It seems to me that until we have a public acknowledgment that that dispute lies at the root of this situation, we shall struggle to move forward, so will we get such an acknowledgment today from the Minister? Will that then lead to an approach based on Nazanin effectively being a hostage, for whom a ransom is sought?\nWe can be in no doubt that the Government’s approach thus far has been ineffective, and in some instances counterproductive. I noted with interest that the Government will not disclose how many dual nationals currently find themselves in the same position. One can probably conclude from that fact that there are others, which prompts the question: where does this end? How many more innocent people could find themselves pawns in a game that they have no control over, and which their own Government seem unwilling to take steps to resolve? I also ask the Minister what efforts are being made to gather international support, and what other diplomatic and financial levers can be pulled to bring about a satisfactory resolution, because we cannot accept that no more can be done. We cannot accept that this is just the way it is, or that such a gross injustice can be tolerated, and the support that we are seeing from Members today shows that this Parliament does not accept that nothing more can be done.\nJeremy Hunt Chair, Health and Social Care Committee, Chair, Health and Social Care Committee 3:04 pm, 16th November 2021\nI salute the quiet dignity of Richard Ratcliffe, who is one of the bravest people I have ever met. I thank Tulip Siddiq for her campaigning. We are from different parties, but she makes me proud to be a Member of this House.\nHow do we get Nazanin, Anoosheh, Morad and Mehran home? If it were ransom money, heartbreaking though it is, we should not pay it, because it would only lead to more hostages being taken. But it is not ransom money; it is a historical debt that we owe Iran. The debt should not be linked to this case, but it is, and that is why we should pay it. It is not easy to do because of sanctions, but with political will it can be done. No country can have a veto over a sovereign Britain deciding to pay its debt, not least the United States, because it did exactly the same thing under President Obama.\nWhen the right hon. Gentleman was Foreign Secretary, were they advised by senior civil servants that this money would not be paid, and what was the answer in Cabinet?\nJeremy Hunt Chair, Health and Social Care Committee, Chair, Health and Social Care Committee\nI believe that during the period when I was Foreign Secretary, the decision whether we owed that money was settled. There was an understanding, confirmed publicly by the Defence Secretary, that the money is owed and should be paid. It was going to take, and will take, a real effort to deal with the practicalities. But the Americans managed it and we can most certainly manage it, if necessary by getting an RAF plane to fly gold over to Tehran. There are lots of ways of doing it.\nWill the right hon. Gentleman give way?\nI will make some progress. One other thing needs to happen to ensure that Nazanin and the other dual nationals can come home: we must completely de-link their fates from the outcome of the Vienna talks on the joint comprehensive plan of action. Just as we tell Iran it should not make anyone a pawn in a diplomatic game, we too must live by those words and ensure they are not being used in any way by any country to put pressure on Iran to sign up to that deal. Their fates should be completely separate.\nThis is a terrible tragedy. It is a shame not just on Iran but on Britain that it has taken us five and a half years to solve it. There must be two outcomes: first, the reuniting of all the families who have been separated by this vile detention in Iran, including Nazanin’s family; and secondly, the legacy of this tragedy must be the end of the vile practice of hostage diplomacy, which must be consigned back to the 19th century where it belongs. Britain needs to learn from this to lead a diplomatic initiative with other countries, so that if someone is taken hostage from one country, we treat it as if they had been taken hostage from any of us. We act accordingly; we deter it and it never happens again.\nAnna McMorrin Shadow Minister (Justice) 3:07 pm, 16th November 2021\nI congratulate my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq on securing this important debate and on her hard work so far.\nUnjustly convicted, denied basic human rights and tortured—Richard Ratcliffe is rightly desperate as his wife has to undergo this cruel ordeal. It is heartbreaking that, once again, Richard has had to resort to the life-threatening action of a hunger strike. I visited Richard on day 16 of his strike. The pain in his eyes was harrowing. He just wants the Government to act. To go 21 days without food is testament to Richard’s love for his wife and his resolution to get the attention this issue rightly needs. The risks and symptoms of going on the strike are huge. After two weeks, people on hunger strike will have difficulty standing. They suffer severe dizziness, sluggishness and loss of co-ordination. After two or three weeks, it can result in severe neurological problems—vision loss and lack of motor skills. That is the love that Richard has shown for his wife.\nNazanin’s reaction to her husband’s strike brought me to tears at the weekend. She was worried sick about her husband. My heart breaks that this family is caught up in this dispute between two states. I want to address Nazanin directly, if she is able to see this debate. Nazanin, you can see the love and support right across this Parliament. I want to assure you that we, as representatives up and down this country, will not stop until you are free, home and reunited with your family and daughter. I pay tribute to the whole family, who are always there to support Richard, Gabriella and Nazanin. Richard’s sister Rachel lives in Cardiff and is always there for them, always looking for the positive and determined to bring a positive outcome.\nLet us be clear: the blame lies firmly at the Prime Minister’s door. He could resolve this issue by paying the debt to Iran, yet he refuses to do so. On Monday, Zac Goldsmith told peers that paying the debt owed by the UK would be seen as payment for a hostage, and would not be in the Government’s interest. Well, Zac, tell that to this family.\nPaying a debt is not paying a ransom. It has been ordered by an international court. It is clear this case could have been resolved many months ago. As well as Nazanin, we must not forget Anoosheh, Morad and Mehran—we must bring them home too. I hope this debate is a turning point, and that the Government will do everything in their power to bring them home.\nJeremy Wright Conservative, Kenilworth and Southam 3:11 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. I join the tributes to Richard Ratcliffe—it is great to see that he is able to join us—and to his entire family, some of whom live in my constituency, whose resilience and bravery have been truly remarkable during this long period. I also join the tributes to Tulip Siddiq, whose campaigning has been exemplary; many of us have been delighted to assist her in that.\nI will make two points in the time available to me about the linkage of debt repayment to the detention of UK nationals and about the sanctions regime. First, I understand entirely and agree with the Government’s rejection of any suggestion by Iran that there is a connection between the repayment of a decades-old commercial debt and the release of UK citizens. However, I urge the Minister and his colleagues not to be hamstrung by what I might call the mirror image problem. Failing to repay a debt that would otherwise be repayable for fear of it being linked to the release of UK detainees is, in itself, to make a linkage that the Government have been at pains to say does not exist. If the debt should be repaid—and it seems clear that it should, subject to the remaining legal proceedings—then it should be repaid.\nThe UK’s adherence to standards of behaviour that states should maintain—standards which we argue Iran is not maintaining—demands that the debt be repaid promptly. How such a repayment is perceived should not, as a matter of principle, prevent us from making it.\nPhilippa Whitford Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Health and Social Care), Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Europe)\nDoes the right hon. and learned Gentleman agree that the failure to pay an acknowledged debt creates a fig leaf for the Iranian Government to hide behind? It is not a matter of it being connected; it is an obstruction to things moving forward.\nJeremy Wright Conservative, Kenilworth and Southam\nI understand entirely the point made by the hon. Lady. However, as I say, I do not think it is necessary to accept any linkage—positive or negative, by the Iranians or by the UK—to justify the decision to repay a debt that is legally repayable. We should do that for its own reasons and for its own sake, regardless of what else may be happening.\nThat brings me to the issue of the sanctions regime as an obstacle to repayment. It seems that we require more ingenuity and more innovation. Certainly, in so far as my right hon. Friend the Minister and his colleagues are concerned, I accept that a huge amount of personal effort has been put into this case. However, as others have said, something is still missing, and that may be the innovation that we need to find.\nThe debt predates the sanctions regime that we see as an obstacle to making the repayment. The purpose of that sanctions regime is to prevent the enrichment of Iran during the course of the sanctions period, but it does not seem to me that this repayment would do that. The repayment of the debt would, in effect, put Iran in the position it would have been in if the obligation had been fulfilled when it should have been—well prior to the beginning of the sanctions regime.\nI know better than many that the Minister has access to some exceptionally good lawyers in government. I hope that he is instructing those lawyers to use their best imagination and innovation to find ways of resolving this legal problem, because that is what we will require to break this deadlock. I know he will do his best, but I hope that he will give instructions to apply innovation and ingenuity to the case, as well as simply effort.\nLayla Moran Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (International Development), Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs) 3:14 pm, 16th November 2021\nMay I start by congratulating Tulip Siddiq on the way she has taken up this cause? I also pay tribute to Richard Ratcliffe and his whole family. The case has touched the hearts of the entire nation; 200 of my constituents have written in. I first heard of it when Richard’s aunt Rosemary and Colin came to see me in my advice surgery. As their MP at that moment, I said I would do everything I could to help. Now, as Liberal Democrat spokesperson, I intend to do the same.\nIt has been 2,000 days since the first detention. Since then, there have been eight urgent questions and 125 written questions from Members across the House. This is the third debate we have had on this, and yet Nazanin is still not home. To add another number, this is the fifth Foreign Secretary during that time, one of whom became Prime Minister. While he was Foreign Secretary he caused his own problems in this case. No offence to the Minister, but I find it regrettable that we have yet to see the current Foreign Secretary making statements to the House, because people watch what happens in Parliament. If they indicate that it is a priority, then I believe that that is what needs to happen.\nSarah Olney Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (Transport)\nI pay tribute to Tulip Siddiq for bringing the debate. Amid this talk of international diplomacy, sanctions and payments, when my constituents write to me about this case, they want to express their huge sympathy for Richard and particularly his daughter. Gabriella was just 22 months old when her mother was imprisoned. When I had the pleasure of speaking to Richard recently, he told me that now she is in the UK she is doing really well at her school, but my heart goes out to them. I want to express, on behalf of my constituents, how for them this is really about reuniting a mother with her daughter.\nI will not give another speaker another minute. You get one injury-time minute; I will not give any more time if you give way again. That goes for all colleagues.\nLayla Moran Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (International Development), Liberal Democrat Spokesperson (Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs)\nAs my hon. Friend Sarah Olney says, the reason this has touched the hearts of so many people is that they can imagine being in this position.\nThe Government need to acknowledge that they are state hostages—they have been taken hostage by the Iranian state—and the problem is that there is no way to tackle this internationally. Will the Minister update us on any progress on the Foreign Affairs Committee recommendation to work with the United Nations to create an internationally recognised definition for state hostage-taking, so that this does not happen to other families in future?\nIt is clear that the Government have got themselves into a bit of a twist over what they think of the debt. Either it is linked or it is not. In my view, it is not linked. We owe the debt; we should pay the debt. It is now increasingly clear that there are ways in which that could happen. I would say, call their bluff. If the Iranian Government say that there is a debt, remove the barrier. If they still do not release the hostages, we show the Iranian Government for the wicked regime that it is. I do not see a downside to doing that.\nIn closing, I simply want to express my wholehearted support for anything the Government can do, so that this is the last debate on this matter. A standing-room-only debate in Westminster Hall shows that this Parliament cares. I know the Minister cares. I would like to think that the Foreign Secretary and the Prime Minister care, but I do know that the whole country cares. We just want Nazanin home.\nAlex Sobel Shadow Minister (Digital, Culture, Media and Sport) 3:18 pm, 16th November 2021\nI have received more than 100 emails from constituents on this matter, which shows that the case of Nazanin has touched the hearts of the nation. It is all too common for people to claim that the situation is Kafkaesque. To me, as an avid reader of Kafka, the similarity between current cases and that of Josef K in “The Trial” are all too apparent. Kafka himself described the seeming basis of the Iranian judicial system when he wrote in “The Trial” that\n“it’s characteristic of this judicial system that a man is condemned not only when he’s innocent but also in ignorance.”\nNazanin was charged and convicted without adequate representation or due process—indeed, condemned in ignorance. Like other hon. Members—particularly my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq—I call on the Foreign Secretary, the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the Minister to press the Iranian Government on a number of issues that my constituents, Amnesty International and I have raised. They should press them to allow Nazanin any specialist medical care she may require; apply without discrimination article 58 of the Islamic penal code, which allows for someone to be conditionally released after serving a third of their prison sentence and would ensure the immediate release of Nazanin; ensure that Nazanin has regular access to a lawyer of her choice; allow Nazanin to be in contact with her family, including relatives abroad; and allow her to communicate with British consular officials—although that seems to be a contentious issue. I ask the Minister to respond to those points.\nThe United Kingdom has a well-deserved international reputation for its justice system. I hope that the Government will press for the most basic justice in Iran for our citizens, whether they are British citizens or dual citizens, and particularly for Nazanin. It is clear from the contributions to this debate that that is completely and utterly lacking.\nSir Charles, that was the speech I made in this place on 18 July 2017—word for word. In fact, it was my first speech in this place. I ask the Minister: what has changed? The answer is very little. What has the FCDO managed to do in the last four and a half years? It has failed to secure Nazanin’s release. Four and a half years of failure—a litany of failure at the Department’s door. I call on the Minister to answer the points raised in this debate and ensure that our debt to the Iranian Government is repaid—a debt that was incurred not by the last Government or the Government before them, but by the Government who were in power when I was in nursery school. It is all the more important that we ensure that the UK honours its international obligations. We have failed to do so, and Nazanin is paying the price.\nBarbara Keeley Labour, Worsley and Eccles South 3:21 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles, and I congratulate my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq on securing this debate. I know that she has been a great source of support for the Ratcliffe family with her campaigning.\nNazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe is being held as a political hostage in Iran. Her life is being used as a bargaining chip in a diplomatic game between Britain and Iran. In September, in order to mark Nazanin’s 2,000th day in detention, Richard Ratcliffe and their daughter Gabriella stood on a large snakes and ladders board in Parliament Square that represented the ups and down, twists and turns and false dawns that this family have endured. Gabriella has been separated from her mother for most of her young life; Richard has been separated from his wife. Nazanin has endured terrible mistreatment, and Amnesty International rightly describes her as a victim of torture.\nAs so many colleagues have done, I want to pay tribute to Richard Ratcliffe and his unwavering determination to keep Nazanin’s case at the top of the agenda. I have met him during both his first and second hunger strikes to show him solidarity and support. The strength, determination and dignity that he continues to show is heroic. The Government’s response to the escalation of Nazanin’s ordeal in Iran has rightly been described as pitiful. In May this year, the former Foreign Secretary, Dominic Raab, said that Iran’s treatment of Nazanin “amounts to torture” and that she is being\n“held unlawfully…as a matter of international law.”\nThe strengthening of the language being used by Ministers is welcome, but it is just words—the Government have to act. We need to know why the Government are not acting to bring British hostages home.\nIn her eighth urgent question on Nazanin’s case recently, my hon. Friend the Member for Hampstead and Kilburn asked the Minister to acknowledge that Nazanin is a hostage, to resolve the £400 million debt issue—I am pleased that so many Members have raised that today—and to work to secure an end to hostage taking. The shadow Minister, my hon. Friend Wayne David, rightly called for a fundamental rethink of the Government’s approach to Nazanin. It is long past time for an urgent intervention from the Prime Minister, and for a new strategy to bring Nazanin home. The strength of support in this standing-room only Westminster Hall debate shows how much support there is in this House for that urgent action.\nI am going to annoy colleagues by dropping the speaking time to two minutes, and none of you is going to get injury time for interventions—I want to get you all in.\nBrendan O'Hara Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Inclusive Society), Shadow SNP Spokesperson (International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution), Shadow SNP Deputy Spokesperson (Cabinet Office) 3:23 pm, 16th November 2021\nI thank Tulip Siddiq for securing this debate. Almost exactly a year ago, on 3 November 2020, the Minister stood at the Dispatch Box and said that the Government,\n“from the Prime Minister down, remain committed to doing everything we can for her.”—[Official Report, 3 November 2020; Vol. 683, c. 185.]\nIn the intervening 12 months, nothing has changed. Nazanin is no closer to being released, her daughter is no nearer to being reunited with her mother, and her husband, Richard, has been forced into enduring yet another hunger strike to highlight her case. Since her detention in April 2016, five Foreign Secretaries have promised to explore every avenue, leave no stone unturned and work tirelessly to secure her release. However, there has been no progress.\nLast year, when the Defence Secretary finally acknowledged that there is a debt and a debt has to be repaid, it suddenly felt like progress; it felt like perhaps there was a breakthrough. The Minister himself admitted that they were exploring ways to repay this debt.\nA year ago it felt like negotiations were at a delicate stage, when one misspoken word could set the whole process back. Yet here we are, stuck in the same situation as we were then. The inescapable conclusion must therefore be that this Government are actually not serious about securing the release of Nazanin. They have had so many chances, so many opportunities, and every single one of them has been missed.\nI visited Richard twice during his hunger strikes, and on both occasions I was struck by his resolve to not sit meekly back and wait for debates to take their course. The Government are letting the people down; they are letting Nazanin down, and there is a seven-year-old girl stuck in the middle. Minister, it is not good enough. The public are not with you. Richard Ratcliffe is not going to go away, and neither are his supporters in this House.\nDan Jarvis Labour, Barnsley Central 3:25 pm, 16th November 2021\nLike others, I would like to pay tribute to my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq, not just for securing this debate but for her tireless and unwavering commitment to her constituents.\nI have had the pleasure of meeting Richard on a number of occasions: first, outside the Iranian embassy while on hunger strike, and most recently outside the Foreign Office, also while on hunger strike. I cannot begin to imagine the living hell he has endured over the past five years, yet he has only ever acted with the utmost dignity and decency. His dedication to his wife and devotion to his family are a true inspiration. The pain, the cruelty, and the unfairness to which Nazanin and many others have been subjected is, sadly, all too routine for the Iranian regime. Their fates should not be tied to geopolitics and arms deals, but they are.\nWe are all well versed in the complexities of these cases, the issues around breach of sanctions, arguments about interest, the relationship with the US. However, one thing is clear: we do owe that debt. Former Foreign Secretaries have said that we should pay that debt. The Defence Secretary has said that we should pay that debt. An international court has said that we should pay that debt. The Prime Minister said that we would pay that debt. There is a plan to free Nazanin, but the Government, for whatever reason, have so far chosen not to pursue it. That has come at an immeasurable cost to Nazanin, Richard, Gabriella and the many other families affected.\nI want to take this opportunity to urge the Minister—and I know that he cares about these matters—to do whatever it takes to prevent those who have been ripped apart from being kept apart for much longer. No one should be forced to starve themselves just to get their family back, and the last thing any of us want is to see Richard on hunger strike again. The torment must not continue, and we look to the Government to ensure that it does not.\nFlorence Eshalomi Labour/Co-operative, Vauxhall 3:28 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. I would also like to pay tribute to my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq for securing this really important debate.\nLike many in this House, I visited Richard a couple of weeks ago outside the Foreign Office, to see him and the measures he has taken. It is something he should never have had to do. For five and a half years, Nazanin and her young family have felt the horrific pain of separation as a result of an unjust and arbitrary detention. In May last year, the previous Foreign Secretary outlined that the treatment of Nazanin “amounts to torture”. I agree with this assessment.\nNot only is Nazanin’s treatment unimaginably cruel, but our position internationally is weakened if we do not appear to have a diplomatic solution to look after our own citizens. Unfortunately, the Government have not explored the full suite of diplomatic levers to get her home, so I urge them to act today and bring this case to the fore.\nLast Christmas many of us spent a number of days away from our families and loved ones. We felt the pain of not being able to see them. This evening, after today’s debates, after we have all voted and had dinner, we will all go home to our families. We will tuck our children in. We will see our grandchildren. Nazanin will not have that; Richard will not have that; Gabriella will not have that. They have been going through this hell for years, and it is time for it to end. I hope that today the Minster will outline what key actions he will be leading to change the situation.\nStuart McDonald Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Home Affairs) 3:29 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. I also pay tribute to Tulip Siddiq for her tremendously eloquent, passionate, and absolutely relentless pursuit of this cause. She has been an absolute credit to her constituents. I too am grateful for the opportunity to express my solidarity and support for Nazanin and her family, and I do so on behalf of my constituents in Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Kirkintilloch East. Many of them have been in touch to express their shock at the continuing torture that Nazanin endures as a hostage in Iran.\nLike pretty much everyone else in the Chamber, I have had the privilege—and it was a privilege—of meeting Richard a couple of times at the Iranian embassy and then at the Foreign Office. It is appalling that he has felt compelled to go on hunger strike twice just to seek justice for his family. I hope it gives him some heart to see the huge cross-party support on display today.\nFirst and foremost, our starting point is condemnation of the Iranian regime. How it has acted and continues to act is absolutely appalling, but today we have the opportunity to ask, and we must ask, questions of the UK Government. My constituents want to know what the strategy is. We almost need to ask whether there is a strategy. I appreciate that there are no easy answers to such situations, but we are entitled to see evidence of a concerted strategy and one that is being pursued energetically. Sadly, we are not convinced that that is the case.\nIt has been rightly asked why other countries have managed to secure releases, but the UK has not. It is beyond doubt that it is linked to the IMS debt that is legally due. Why is that not being paid? Why are the Government unable even to speak about it when previously they appeared very willing to make promises and raise expectations?\nWhile it is welcome that diplomat protection was granted to Nazanin, how has it been used by the Government? What practical difference has it made? If it is useful, will others be granted the same status? These are just some of the questions that my constituents and I would love to see answered, and we will continue to push for answers along with colleagues across the House.\nRuth Jones Shadow Minister (Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) 3:31 pm, 16th November 2021\nI am grateful to be called to speak in the debate, and I hope Richard can feel the support, warmth and love for him in the room today. I want to thank my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq for her tenacity and commitment to the Zaghari-Ratcliffe family, as well as her compassion. She has done so much to help and champion Nazanin’s case. In my constituency of Newport West, this case is personal. Richard Ratcliffe’s sister Rebecca is a constituent of mine, so I was determined to speak today. I thank Rebecca for being in touch ahead of the debate, and I thank all the people from across Newport West who have written to me about Nazanin in recent days.\nThere is no doubt that the failure to get Nazanin home with her family and friends lies at the door of No. 10 Downing Street and on the desk of this Prime Minister. I would be grateful if the Minister could tell the House exactly what the Prime Minister has done since July 2019 to get Nazanin home. Can he tell us precisely how many meetings the Prime Minister has had on the issue? Can he outline what efforts are being made to ensure Nazanin is home in time for Christmas? Nazanin’s lovely husband Richard has previously said that this Government’s inability to secure his wife’s return home is “a failure of diplomacy”. What does the Minister say to that?\nI am here in the debate as a mother and a wife, but most importantly as a parliamentarian. I feel a massive obligation to Richard, Gabriella, Rebecca and all the family to press the Minister in the strongest terms. So far this Government have failed to get Nazanin home, so I urge the Minister to get back to the Foreign Office and make it very clear to the Foreign Secretary that this simply cannot go on. We need Nazanin home in the UK, and we need her home now.\nAlyn Smith Shadow SNP Spokesperson (Foreign and Commonwealth Office) 3:33 pm, 16th November 2021\nI can be brief because there is so much agreement across the House on this point, but I put on the record the SNP’s deep appreciation for Tulip Siddiq for bringing the debate forward and her dogged pursuit of the issue. The SNP has a deep respect for the profound dignity of Richard Ratcliffe, who is obviously undergoing a living hell in this situation and deserves the cross-party support that is evident today.\nI also put on record that I do not think the Minister is part of the problem. I think he has been diligent and is carrying the can for a story of other people’s failures, because this is a story of failure. The fact that Nazanin and others have not been released when they are clearly political hostages is something that should give us all deep cause for concern. It is up to all of us to find solutions to the problem.\nI have two concrete points that I will make and be grateful for a response on. There is clearly agreement across the House that the historical £400 million debt does need to be repaid. What consideration have the Government given to translating that debt into humanitarian aid or some sort of other payment that would be a face-saving mechanism and also a more legally sound way of making that payment? Surely that would move things on.\nParallel to that—because I do not think it should just be carrot; I think we need some stick as well—what consideration have the Government given to Magnitsky sanctions on individuals within the Iranian regime to focus minds that this is an intolerable situation that cannot stand? The Minister will get great support across the House if he takes these measures forward—certainly from the SNP. We want to see Nazanin and the other people home as soon as possible.\nJeremy Corbyn Independent, Islington North 3:34 pm, 16th November 2021\nI will be brief because I very much want to hear what the Minister has to say in response. The whole House owes a debt to Tulip Siddiq for the way she has pursued this case for so long—I remember having a conversation with her when Nazanin was first taken prisoner. We should all also admire Richard for the way he has campaigned so effectively despite his suffering. As a result of that, this is the largest Westminster Hall turnout I can remember.\nObviously, the debt is owed and must be paid. If this country wants respect for behaving in the proper manner, the debt should be paid. It is not a negotiation; it is saying “This money is owed. Let’s pay it.” I believe that would help to unlock a lot of things, and help to open up a serious human rights dialogue with Iran in the future, which is necessary. While we are here today, concentrating on Nazanin’s release—which I completely support—I would put on record that we should also be calling for the release of Anoosheh Ashoori, Mehran Raoof and Morad Tahbaz, who are in a similar situation. I hope that, in the context of a changed and renewed relationship with Iran, they would be released.\nI want to see decent human rights everywhere around the world, and that obviously includes Iran. The people of Iran deserve that. We should do everything we can to ensure that happens. I hope the Minister can unlock this—maybe not completely today but I hope it can be unlocked—and that he will have got the message of the strength of feeling, from everybody across our House, for her release.\nThank you, colleagues; we finish with 45 seconds to spare before going to Front Bench wind-ups.\nPatrick Grady Scottish National Party, Glasgow North 3:36 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles; congratulations on chairing the debate so effectively. I also congratulate Tulip Siddiq on giving so many people the opportunity to share her passion and frustration over the situation that Nazanin, Richard and Gabriella are all in. We all express our personal solidarity with them today, along with that of the thousands—probably tens or hundreds of thousands—of constituents represented by the voices here.\nI hope you will indulge me, Sir Charles, if I recognise the SNP and Plaid Members who are either here or have been to visit Richard, but have not been able to speak. Those are my hon. Friends the Members for East Renfrewshire (Kirsten Oswald), for Glasgow South West (Chris Stephens), for Linlithgow and East Falkirk (Martyn Day), for Paisley and Renfrewshire North (Gavin Newlands), for North Ayrshire and Arran (Patricia Gibson), for Inverclyde (Ronnie Cowan), for Aberdeen South (Stephen Flynn), for Glasgow Central (Alison Thewliss), for Glasgow South (Stewart Malcolm McDonald), for Gordon (Richard Thomson), for Glasgow North West (Carol Monaghan), for Ochil and South Perthshire (John Nicolson), for Edinburgh East (Tommy Sheppard), and for Edinburgh North and Leith (Deidre Brock). I also pay tribute to the hon. Members for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (Neale Hanvey), for North East Fife (Wendy Chamberlain), for Ceredigion (Ben Lake), and for North Down (Stephen Farry). We all believe that enough is enough; it is time for action.\nI first met Richard outside the Iranian embassy in 2019, and had the privilege of meeting him again outside the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. He said it was one thing to keep vigil outside the embassy of the country that is holding his wife hostage—let us make no mistake; that is what Nazanin is, and that is the first thing the Minister ought to put on record today—but it is another to have to protest, and to go on hunger strike, outside his own Government’s buildings because of their inaction and unwillingness or inability to carry out their basic duty of care for one of their own citizens.\nThe Government repeatedly say they are doing everything they can but, as we have heard in this debate, that is patently not the case, as Liz Saville Roberts and many others have said. It is clear that the repayment of debt is a major issue, and one that, if resolved, would bring about a major shift in Iranian policy. Jeremy Hunt has said as much, and others have said how that could be done.\nSadly, the feedback that we have had—the result of the hunger strike—was a series of increasingly frustrating meetings that made the family and all campaigners feel that no progress is being made. That is despite, as Sir Iain Duncan Smith says, other countries in recent years, including the United States, Australia, France and Germany, all successfully negotiating the release of their citizens who have been arbitrarily detained in Iran—but Britain has not secured any releases.\nWe have also heard the cases of Anoosheh Ashoori, Mehran Raoof and Morad Tahbaz, all of whom, interestingly—my hon. Friend Dr Whitford said this to me in conversation—are dual nationals. I wonder if that makes the UK Government feel they have some sort of diminished responsibility for them, but a constituent of my hon. Friend the Member for West Dunbartonshire (Martin Docherty-Hughes), Jagtar Singh Johal, remains incarcerated in India, so there has to be more; more can be done and must be done.\nSaying that diplomatic protection exists is one thing, but acting on it is another. I pay tribute to the point made by Valerie Vaz, and to the fact that, week after week, she raised this at business questions. She did that on behalf of all of us in the House who take an interest in that case, and I do not think the Government would be as responsive if not for her continuing to do that. That should be recognised.\nHaving the right to diplomatic protection means there should be a right to private consular meetings and immediate access to medical examination by an independent doctor. The Government could issue a formal protest to the Iranian authorities; they could summon the Iranian Ambassador—they summoned the French Ambassador after all. They could propose to the Iranian authorities the immediate commencement of formal negotiations to resolve the dispute; they could send a detailed legal memorandum to the Iranian authorities outlining the breaches of international law arising from their detention of these British nationals; and they should assert under international law their right to provide assistance. Consular assistance is important to all of us, including my hon. Friend Hannah Bardell. I hope there will be a further debate on that in the Chamber very soon.\nThroughout the Brexit campaign and, indeed, the independence referendum campaign, we were always told how proud we should be of our British passports. Well, the British passport says:\n“Her Britannic Majesty’s Secretary of State Requests and requires in the Name of Her Majesty all those whom it may concern to allow the bearer to pass freely without let or hindrance, and to afford the bearer such assistance and protection as may be necessary”.\nThat is what it says on Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe’s passport. The question for the Government today is: what are they doing to make it a reality?\nWayne David Shadow Minister (Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs) 3:41 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. Like other Members, I congratulate my hon. Friend Tulip Siddiq on securing this debate and on all her incredible work on behalf of her constituents. Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe has been held in Iran for five and a half years. Like many here, I visited Richard, her husband, on two occasions outside the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and I want to pay tribute to him for his determination and incredible resolve.\nMany MPs and members of the public visited Richard during his hunger strike. In his final speech outside the FCDO, looking back at his time on hunger strike, he said that it had always been important to him that everyone who visited him had been united against injustice. We all pay tribute to Richard and, as others have said, the fight will go on.\nLast week, there were talks between the Government and the Iranian deputy Foreign Minister. Unfortunately, yet again, there was no progress. Nor has there been progress on the cases of other dual nationals, including Anoosheh Ashoori and Morad Tahbaz. Both men are not in good health and, like Nazanin, are being arbitrarily detained on spurious fabricated charges. Anoosheh Ashoori has not been granted diplomatic protection by the UK Government and has not been allowed out of prison. Morad Tahbaz was one of eight conservationists held by the Iranian authorities. Amnesty International has said that there was evidence that those eight had been tortured to obtain false confessions.\nEveryone here is united in believing that those detentions are wrong and totally unjust. Surely, all this has gone on long enough. For more than five years, British Governments have tried and failed to secure the release of Nazanin and the other dual nationals. If there has been a Government strategy during this time, it has clearly failed.\nA number of Members have mentioned the debt of £400 million which Britain owes Iran. The money was paid to the United Kingdom by Iran over 40 years ago for 1,500 Chieftain tanks which were never delivered. The Government have said that bank transfer transactions are not possible because of restrictions but, as we all know, if the Government had the will to settle the debt, one way or another the payment would be made.\nI am not suggesting that any sort of ransom is paid by our Government, but if the money is owed and there is no question but that that is the case, the debt should be settled. In fact, when the Prime Minister was Foreign Secretary, he made a promise to Richard Ratcliffe that the debt would be paid. Significantly, in 2014, the current Defence Secretary described the unpaid debt as “a sorry story”. He said the whole issue had been,\n“marred by double dealing and obfuscation”.—[Official Report, Westminster Hall, 11 March 2014; Vol. 577, c. 103WH.]\nMore recently, a number of distinguished former Foreign Secretaries, Conservative and Labour, have said that the debt should be paid. That is also the view of many international and legal commentators, and it is our view as well. As Jeremy Hunt, who is a former Foreign Secretary, has said, this is not about paying a ransom. It is about the UK’s credibility and doing what is right.\nOn numerous occasions, we have been told by the Government that they are doing their best and that it would be unwise to rock the boat, but it has to be said that the Government’s approach has failed abysmally. Now is surely the time to take off the kid gloves and to be vigorous and determined. Nazanin, Anoosheh Ashoori, Morad Tahbaz and all the dual nationals need to be brought back home. The time for discreet pressure and cautious words is long past. I look forward to hearing from the Minister what plan of action the Government now have for bringing our people home.\nMinister, please leave about 90 seconds at the end, to allow Ms Siddiq to wind up.\nJames Cleverly Minister of State (Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office) 3:45 pm, 16th November 2021\nIt is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Charles. I am grateful to Tulip Siddiq for securing the debate and for her tireless work in supporting Nazanin and Richard and in championing this issue. Although there have been times when we have disagreed, it is absolutely right that I put on the record our respect for the hon. Lady’s passion.\nJanet Daby mentioned her support for the family of her constituent, and right hon. and hon. Members have spoken about the work that they have done to support family members of those in Iran. Other Members were unable to attend the debate because of ministerial duties—I think particularly of my hon. Friend Mr Jayawardena, who speaks to me regularly about the situation and who is the constituency MP for some of the members of Richard and Nazanin’s family.\nLike all Members of the House and everyone in the country, I have huge sympathy for the families of those who are incarcerated in Iran. The Government will continue to do everything we can to resolve the situation in which they find themselves through no fault of their own. The ongoing suffering that Iran is inflicting on British dual nationals such as Anoosheh Ashoori and Morad Tahbaz is deeply distressing and rightly elicits very strong feelings from hon. Members of different parties. I cannot overstate the fact that the Government share that frustration and are unwavering in our commitment to resolve this issue. We have made it clear to the Iranian Government at every stage that we expect Iran to release all British dual nationals and allow them to return home to their families.\nIn today’s debate, we are focusing primarily on Nazanin, Richard and Gabriella. The UK Government continue to work tirelessly to secure Nazanin’s full, permanent release and ability to return home to her family. As right hon. and hon. Members are aware, Nazanin was released on furlough into the care of her parents in Tehran in 2020, but the Iranian system has refused to let her return home and has not left her alone during the period of furlough. The Government have kept up our campaign of pressure on the Iranian authorities throughout this time, and we will not relent until she is fully and permanently released.\nThe completion of Nazanin’s first sentence and the removal of her ankle tag in March 2021 should have been a time for happiness and enabled Nazanin to be reunited with Richard and Gabriella. Instead, Iran doubled down on its baseless charges against her. We have raised our objections at every stage, and when those charges were formalised at a court hearing in April, we summoned the Iranians and demanded that she be released. When her appeal was rejected in October and her sentence confirmed, we again objected in the strongest terms and demanded her release. The Foreign Secretary and this Government continue to be clear in our discussions with Iran that under no circumstances should Nazanin be returned to prison, that we would react strongly if she were and that she should instead be allowed to return home to her family immediately. The Foreign Secretary raised this point again with Foreign Minister Amir-Abdollahian, most recently on 8 November. I raised this issue again with the Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Bagheri Kani on 11 November.\nAt every stage since Nazanin was detained, the UK Government have carefully considered and assiduously pursued the courses of action that we have assessed offer the best opportunity for resolving this case. We have not pursued any course of action that we believe would be counterproductive to the release and return home of those in incarceration.\nIn March 2019, my right hon. Friend Jeremy Hunt afforded diplomatic protection to Mrs Zaghari-Ratcliffe. This formally raised it to a state-to-state issue. At that time, he also recognised that that was unlikely to yield immediate results, in part because Iran does not recognise dual national status. Unfortunately, his prediction at the time seems to have been proven right.\nSince then, this Government have continued to take further action where we judge it will help to secure full and permanent release. We constantly review what other steps are possible, and we weigh up all the diplomatic and legal tools available to secure her release.\nWill the Minister give way?\nJames Cleverly Minister of State (Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office)\nI will not. A number of hon. Members have raised the issue of the IMS debt. As I have said to the House on a number of occasions, the UK Government recognise that we have a duty to legally repay this debt and we continue to explore all legal options to resolve this 40-year-old case. [Interruption.] We have always been clear.\nI want to address the point that my right hon. Friend Lord Goldsmith made and the way his words have been interpreted, and I want to make the point absolutely clear. We have always been clear that we do not accept British dual nationals being used as diplomatic leverage. My right hon. Friend the Member for South West Surrey made the point with regard to the payment of the IMS debt that it is not easy, and he is right.\nThis Government remain committed to doing everything we can to explore all avenues to secure Nazanin’s release. We always act in what we believe to be her best interests, with the ultimate aim of securing her return home to be reunited with Richard and Gabriella.\nSince the family requested assistance from my Department, officials have provided support to Nazanin’s family and are available to be contacted 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Since Nazanin’s release on furlough, we have also been able to talk directly to her through our ambassador in Tehran. We will continue to offer that support until Nazanin is returned home.\nThis Government and I have the utmost respect and admiration—I have said this directly to him and I am more than happy to say this publicly again— for Mr Ratcliffe’s stoicism, resolve and commitment to securing Nazanin’s release and for the support of his family. Mr Ratcliffe has met with the Foreign Secretary, with me and with senior officials. We will continue to update him, and the other families who have British dual nationals in incarceration, whenever we have information on progress or whenever we feel there is an update to do with the families in detention.\nOur concern for Nazanin and her family is mirrored by our concern for all detained British nationals in Iran and their families, wherever they may be. Their welfare remains a top priority for this Government. Our ambassador in Tehran regularly lobbies on mistreatment allegations and on their health, whenever we have specific concerns or whenever a family member brings this issue to our attention. This Government will continue to lobby for the full and permanent release of those held in Iran.\nOn our international efforts, we will also collaborate with all relevant international partners to seek to put an end to Iran’s unacceptable practice of detaining foreign and dual nationals in an attempt to find some kind of diplomatic leverage. As part of a Canadian initiative on arbitrary detention, we are committed to enhancing international co-operation to prevent any state from arbitrarily detaining foreign nationals for coercive purposes.\nWayne David Shadow Minister (Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs)\nOn the debt, which is obviously crucial—many Members raised it—as the Minister accepts that it will be repaid, can he give any indication of the Government’s timetable for the repayment of that debt by whatever means?\nIt is not possible to give the hon. Gentleman details on that. As I said, we recognise the legal duty to repay the debt, and we will explore all legal options for doing so.\nI once again express my deepest sympathies for Richard and his family, and indeed to all the families of those incarcerated in Iran. He has campaigned with such tireless commitment. The Government will continue to push in all the ways we can.\nThe Minister mentioned Anoosheh Ashoori, my constituent. I am grateful for that. However, the family are still waiting to hear whether they have received diplomatic protection from the Government. Is the Minister able to respond to that?\nWe of course consider this issue carefully. However, I have made the point already that—I suspect in large part because Iran does not recognise dual nationality and therefore does not recognise our authority to speak on this issue—that has proven to be of limited success in the instance of Nazanin. We will continue to hold the Iranian Government to account for their treatment of the British dual nationals in incarceration, including Anoosheh Ashoori and Morad Tahbaz. I assure the House that the Government remain committed to doing whatever we can to secure their release and will continue to work and make representations at every opportunity on their behalf.\nI remind all Members that it was the Iranian Government who arrested these British dual nationals. It was the Iranian Government who applied these bogus charges against them. It was the Iranian Government who hold these people in incarceration and prevent them from coming home. It is the Iranian Government who are wholly and solely responsible for the appalling circumstances that these people find themselves in. The British Government will continue to work tirelessly to secure their release and return home. I assure everyone in the House that that will remain our priority until they are released and are able to return home.\nI was planning to thank everyone who spoke in the debate, but the list is too long, I am afraid. MPs are very lucky that we can sit here and talk and it is recorded in Hansard, but our constituents are not always so lucky, so I will read some words from Richard Ratcliffe:\n“Today marks day 2,054 of Nazanin’s detention. We are approaching our 6th Christmas apart. A little girl has been without her mother for 5 and a half years. It did not have to be like this. Back in 2017—when the now Prime Minister scrambled following his false statements in Parliament that are still used to justify Nazanin’s second case—he promised to resolve the debt we owe to Iran which is the reason for Nazanin’s detention, effectively setting a price for her release. He has now been Prime Minister for two years, yet that promise is unkept—but remembered in Tehran. The Prime Minister did not visit me on hunger strike, though he did pass one morning without coming over. His government continues to put British citizens in harm’s way. Nazanin's story shames this country.”\nI do not think I could have put it any better. I read Richard Ratcliffe’s words so they can be recorded in Hansard.\nMotion lapsed (Standing Order No. 10(6)).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1602478"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6849409341812134,"wiki_prob":0.3150590658187866,"text":"Rick Morton’s article “The collapse of aged care (part one)” (September 12-18) identifies the late 1990s as when the system started to go pear-shaped. One major failing is when the ratio of registered nurses (RNs) to residents was abandoned in 1998. I was the CEO of a community-based non-profit nursing home in inner Melbourne from 1982 to 1989. We had three RNs for 60 residents for a 12-hour shift (8am to 8pm) and one RN from 8pm to 8am. Although funding was tight, we always were financially stable through community support plus a board of management that included representatives from the three local councils in our referral area. Yes, we also had enrolled nurses and nursing assistants, but the primary care was always provided by skilled registered nurses. As Morton points out, the percentage of RNs has declined 8 points from 2003 to 2016 in Australian nursing homes, and 5 points for ENs over the same period. Is it any wonder the abandonment of minimum standards has been a major contributor to the recent failures of many Australian aged-care facilities.\n– Alan Johns, Queenscliff, Vic\nNews Corp destroying a free press\nI have just finished reading Mike Seccombe’s article “Murdoch grab: The other story behind AAP’s sale” (September 12-18). I have followed with interest the demise of independent journalism in this country and around the world. I would like and have tried to understand the need of Mr Murdoch and his press empire to destroy press freedom; it seems they need to hoover up anything that is not under their control. Papers such as The Saturday Paper are an important part of keeping a free press. Keep up the good work.\n– Kerry Stokes, Montrose, Vic\nCoalition must spend more\nI agree with Danielle Wood’s “Recession realities” (September 12-18) assertion that billions more dollars should be used to create jobs and stimulate the economy to turn the Covid-19 recession around, but I disagree that the money needs to be sourced from low-interest loans. According to modern monetary theory, a government of a country such as Australia, which has a sovereign currency, can never become insolvent. It does not have to borrow money nor increase taxes to fund its programs. There is a role for taxation in shaping public behaviour and redistributing wealth and power. There is a definite limit on how many programs can be physically resourced, and that is the source of anxiety about inflationary impacts. But our rate of unemployment is a choice, set by our government. (In the 1970s, an unemployment rate above 2 per cent was considered politically suicidal.) On April 30, 2020, economics professor Bill Mitchell calculated that $26.5 billion would pay for a direct jobs guarantee that would reduce the unemployment rate by 6 percentage points. That’s good for society, individuals’ mental and physical health, the environment and the economy.\n– Kip Fuller, West Croydon, SA\nChipping away at forests\nWhile Tasmania didn’t suffer the Black Summer bushfires experienced on the mainland, Drew Rooke’s article (“Trees of strife”, September 12-18) suggests we all suffer the same feral logging industry. On both sides of Bass Strait it claims to be crucial to its state’s economic existence despite wildly inflated claims of jobs provided and economic returns. In Tasmania, at the height of its forestry frenzy, close to 94 per cent of its huge native forest harvest went to woodchips, yielding virtually no return to the public owners. Threatened species and giant trees received much the same solicitude as any other economic inconvenience, and regulatory breaches usually occasioned no more than a “sorry”. Victoria’s recently announced cessation of old-growth forest logging may have less to do with moral conscience, or economic rationality, than with the fact less than 10 per cent survives.\nStates too slow on logging\nIt’s shock enough to read about the logging of recently burnt forests. After the stories of giant trees being felled with the logging business owner crying “it’s so hard to log within boundaries”, the greater shock is to realise Victoria has a plan to end native tree logging – by 2030! We know most timber is cut from plantation-grown trees. Logging of native forests in all states must end right now, while there are still trees left standing.\nDon’t write off the writing\nIn your article “Collecting thoughts” (September 5-11) about a Covid-19 museum collection, the sign in a house window in the accompanying photo is described as “in a child’s scrawl”. Since each large letter has been neatly and carefully printed and spaced, an apology to the child would be a gallant gesture.\n– Christopher Francis Clarke, Kambah, ACT\nCryptic clues headed south\nIt took several attempts before I solved the interrelated clues 13 across and 17 across and 20 down in Mungo’s intriguing crossword (September 5-11). June 21 is not the winter solstice but, in fact, the summer solstice. The equinoxes and solstices are named for the northern hemisphere and are (astronomical) technical nomenclature; they should not be casually redefined by editors, journalists and crossword setters no matter how erudite, entertaining or antipodean. It would greatly please me to see the terms June solstice, September equinox et cetera used, as they have the advantage of being unambiguous.\n– Gary Hovey, Braidwood, NSW","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line44586"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7309799194335938,"wiki_prob":0.7309799194335938,"text":"Selling Black Books Since 1997 ★\nBlack Books are for Everyone\nReceive Our Text Alerts\nWilliam Jelani Cobb\n(share)\nWilliam Jelani Cobb is a 1-Time AALBC.com Bestselling Author\nWilliam Jelani Cobb, Ph.D. is an author and educator.\nHe specializes in post-Civil War African American history, 20th-century American politics and the history of the Cold War. He is also a contributing writer for Essence magazine, an essayist and fiction writer and the author of To The Break of Dawn: A Freestyle on the Hip Hop Aesthetic as well as The Devil & Dave Chappelle and Other Essays. He is editor of The Essential Harold Cruse: A Reader, which was listed as a 2002 Notable Book of The Year by Black Issues Book Review.\nBorn and raised in Queens, NY, he was educated at Jamaica High School, Howard University and Rutgers University where he received his doctorate in American History.\nDr. Cobb's forthcoming monograph Antidote to Revolution: African American Anticommunism and the Struggle for Civil Rights, 1931-1957 examines the nexus of the two dominant themes of American politics in the 20th century: the quest for racial democracy and the state's opposition to Communism.\nHis reviews and essays have appeared in The Washington Post, Emerge, The Progressive, The Washington City Paper, ONE Magazine, and Alternet.org. He has contributed to a number of anthologies including In Defense of Mumia, Testimony, Mending the World and Beats, Rhymes and Life. He has also been a featured commentator on National Public Radio and a number of other national broadcast outlets.\nDr. Cobb has been the recipient of fellowships from the Fulbright and Ford Foundation.\nDr. Cobb is The Ira A. Lipman Professor of Journalism at Columbia University, Dr. Cobb was previously an associate professor of history and director of the Institute for African American Studies at the University of Connecticut. Since 2015, he has been a staff writer at The New Yorker.\nAre you the author profiled here? Email us your official website or Let us host your primary web presence.\nWilliam Jelani Cobb Has Written 1 Article(s) for AALBC.com\nObama Rises, Old Guard Civil Rights Leaders Scowl\n6 Books by William Jelani Cobb\nThe Matter of Black Lives\nThe Substance Of Hope\nThe Devil and Dave Chappelle\nTo the Break of Dawn\nAntidote to Revolution: African American Anticommunism and the Struggle for Civil Rights, 1931-1954\nAntidote to Revolution\n(Unavailable for Sale)\nThe Essential Harold Cruse\n★ About Us ⋅ FAQ ⋅ Privacy Policy ⋅ Advertise ⋅ Advertiser Login ⋅ Store Policies ⋅ Copyright © 1997–2022, All Rights Reserved, AALBC.com, LLC ✉ ☎","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1602704"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5120338797569275,"wiki_prob":0.4879661202430725,"text":"Via Pegasus Books\nHow Do Some Authors “Lose Control” of Their Characters?\nIs it the Mysterious Work of the Unconscious, or the Mechanized Brain?\nBy Jim Davies\nMany fiction writers say that their characters seem to have minds of their own. Writers sometimes report that they feel that the events in their novel, or even the words themselves, are being dictated to them outside of their conscious control. Some writers report that they need their characters to do something, presumably for some plot reason, but the character “refuses” to do it.\nThis feeling, the “illusion of independent agency,” is quite common. I was at a writers’ panel and one author said that her characters wouldn’t do what she said, and another writer said that he was in complete control of his characters. Marjorie Taylor surveyed 50 fiction authors and found that a full 92 percent of them experienced this phenomenon of their characters having their own agency. Some writers even report that writing feels more like dictating what their characters do and say than creating the story deliberately. Some characters feel so real authors have imaginary conversations with them, much like children have conversations with imaginary friends.\nJohn Foxwell’s research found that 69 percent of authors hear voices of their characters, and 42 percent can enter into dialogue with them. Sixty-five percent say they can act on their own accord.\nMary Watkins has documented evidence of many famous authors who insist that their characters are autonomous and out of their control. For example, Philip Pullman, author of the His Dark Materials trilogy, reports negotiating a deal with his character Mrs. Coulter to get her to spend time in a cave in one of his books. Some authors have reported that their characters give them unsolicited advice about the writer’s own life!\nSeventy-one percent of authors say their characters become more autonomous over time. After about 30 thousand words, some of the main characters seem to take on lives of their own. One author said, “I nowadays just plan my books halfway as I know that in the middle of the writing process the characters will take over the story so my planning will be useless anyway.”\nThe perceived autonomy of these characters is very strong. Some authors even insist that one can’t be any good as a writer unless this is the case. One author said that without their main characters becoming autonomous, the characters become shallow archetypes.\nBut sometimes it can get in the way of the story the author is trying to write, when their characters refuse to behave and do what is needed for the book. One author said: “They develop their own narratives, rapidly accumulating their own histories and anecdotes—if unchecked, I have had to kill off characters to stop a story digressing out of sight.”\nJust as authors sometimes complain that their characters will sometimes act in ways they do not like, imaginary companions can be very annoying to the children that create them.\nWhen Alice Walker was writing The Color Purple, not only did her characters seem to choose their own actions in the plot, but they regularly visited her and commented, sometimes unwelcomely, on Walker’s own life.\nWhen children feel that their imaginary friends have minds of their own, it could be like fiction authors who experience the illusion of independent agency—their imaginary friends are so familiar to them that they no longer feel like their own creations. Intriguingly, the writers who experienced the illusion were about twice as likely to have had imaginary friends as children.\nWe don’t even need to turn to imaginary companions or to fiction authors to find imagined characters acting with their own agency—most of us experience such characters every time we dream: we have imagined experiences of vivid characters we can’\nt consciously control. This is even true for lucid dreamers. Composer Robert Schumann believed that his compositions were communicated to him by other (dead) composers, such as Beethoven.\nJust as authors sometimes complain that their characters will sometimes act in ways they do not like, imaginary companions can be very annoying to the children that create them. At the core is the issue of control. Even though imaginary companions are make-believe and the people who have them know it, sometimes the friends feel out of control, or can even be downright frightening. One 14-year-old boy slept with his hands covered for three years out of fear that a giant would step out of a picture on the wall to cut off his hands.\nIt’s unclear whether this giant counts as an imaginary companion, because he does little more than scare the boy, but the normally friendly imaginary companions of children can not bother to accompany a child on a trip, sometimes fail to show for playtime, talk too loudly, not share, and so on. One child’\ns day was ruined when his imaginary companion, a pony, had made other plans and could not accompany the child to a horse show.\nJennifer Mauro found that 34 percent of children with imaginary companions say they get angry with the children sometimes, and parents witness arguments between the child and the imaginary friend.\nBut most of the time children are in conscious control. Marjorie Taylor tried to get children in the lab to be envious of their imaginary companions. They gave the companions a present and informed the children that the companion refused to share. The experiment had to be discontinued, because the children got annoyed with the researcher rather than with the companion! They don’\nt abide other people trying to control their companions.\nSo why do children sometimes seem to be in control of their companions and sometimes not? Why do some characters feel in control by their authors and other times not? We distinguish hallucination from other imagination, in part, because we are in control of what we imagine—in hallucination and dreaming, for example, we have little or no control. So if these children are simply imagining their friend, why not simply make the friend behave? Somehow, the friend seems, to the child, to have its own autonomy.\nIt could be that, in the cases of imaginary companions and well-fleshed out characters that authors imagine, the person’s idea of what the character is like is so detailed and well-understood that the mental processing done to explain and predict what these characters say and do becomes completely unconscious. It’\ns not that the character is out of control of the person who imagined them, but they are out of control of the conscious part of the mind that created them. The character’s actions are determined by the deep tides of the unconscious ocean of their creator’s mind.\nTo understand my interpretation of this phenomenon, it’s important to understand a pervasive ability of the human mind known as “automatization,”or making things automatic. When you do something complex for the first time, it’s difficult or downright impossible—recall learning to drive, playing pinball, or dancing salsa. What happens is that over time the task becomes automatic. You can then do the task pretty well, often without even thinking about it.\nYou might have experienced meaning to stop at a store on the way home from work, but then finding yourself home, without having thought about the ride at all during your trip. While you were driving, you were thinking about other things. You might have started out with the intention to stop at the store on the way home but ended up not doing it. Your automatized memories got you home.\nJust like all automatized things, it feels like it’s coming from nowhere. The characters are being thought about by the old brain, unconsciously.\nWhen I was first learning to swing dance, it seemed impossible. If I paid attention to my feet, my hands did the wrong thing. If I turned my partner correctly, I’d lose the beat and not know where to put my feet. But after doing it for many years, I got to the point where I could do the basics without any conscious control at all. I could think about what was coming up in the song, so that I could time a dip perfectly. I could hold a philosophical conversation while swing dancing at a fast clip. And I met my wife this way. Such is the power of automatization. It can help you get married.\nActivities get so well learned that they become fast and unconscious. It is most obvious in physical tasks, such as sports and driving. It could be that automatization can also happen to reasoning—that is, doing things that don’\nt just involve moving your body. Sometimes, for example, I hear an argument from someone, and I instantly know that there’s something wrong with it. When asked to elaborate, I figure out why the argument was wrong as I talk it out, and usually my feeling that there was something wrong with the argument was right on.\nBut what’s interesting is that I was convinced that it was wrong before I was conscious of the reasons why! What is probably happening here is that there is an automatized, unconscious reasoning going on, and only when I have to talk about it am I required to use my conscious mind to reconstruct, or invent, a justification for the feeling.\nFiction authors need to create whole people in their minds, including appearance, mannerisms, culture, ways of speaking, attitudes, preferences, personalities, goals, and so on. At first, this can be cognitively demanding, but over time, thinking about this (fictional) person becomes automatized. Because the author is no longer conscious of the thinking process that determines what the character would want, do, or say, it feels like the character is a person telling her (in her mind) what’s what. It is similar to a mental models you create of people you know very well.\nYou instantly know that your spouse would like this book or not like this restaurant. It could be that the same trend is happening with imaginary companions and novelists’ autonomous characters: they start out as a conscious creation, but then when they become automatized, they can start “misbehaving.” So what might be happening with these authors is that they start out consciously thinking about a character, and after they get a good mental model of what the character is like, it becomes automatized, so that they no longer need to consciously reason out what the character would do in a particular situation, how they would react to things. Just like all automatized things, it feels like it’\ns coming from nowhere. The characters are being thought about by the old brain, unconsciously.\nThe new and old brain distinction is important for understanding imagination and creativity, because often we have no idea where our creative ideas come from. The old brain is largely unconscious, so ideas that bubble up from its depths seem to come from nowhere. Long before a complex understanding of the unconscious mind, the ancient Greeks attributed these ideas, which seemingly came from nowhere, as being delivered by gods, the muses.\nBut not all of these unbidden ideas come from ancient evolved systems. Because we can automatize practiced actions, we can render them unconscious, too. My ability to swing dance without thinking about it certainly isn’t an evolved behavior!\nExcerpted from Imagination: The Science of Your Mind’s Greatest Power. Used with the permission of the publisher, Pegasus Books. Copyright © 2019 by Jim Davies.\ncreativityfictional charactersimaginationImagination: The Science of Your Mind's Greatest PowerJim DaviesPegasus Booksthe writing lifeWriting process\nJim Davies\nJim Davies is a professor at the Institute of Cognitive Science at Carleton University. He is the director of the Science of Imagination Laboratory and the co-author on two editions of The GNU Scientific Library Reference Manual. He is the author of Riveted: The Science of Why Jokes Make Us Laugh, Movies Make Us Cry, and Religion Makes Us Feel One with the Universe. He lives in Minnesota.\nUnearthing the Stories of Australia's Working Class\nThe Pain, Hidden in Plain Sight, of John Cheever's Darkest Work\nI grew up in a working-class suburb of Melbourne, Australia. My parents were Sicilian. They left school at the end of Grade...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1353962"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9643228054046631,"wiki_prob":0.9643228054046631,"text":"Bueckers scores 22 but injured in UConn win over Irish\nby: PAT EATON-ROBB, Associated Press\nSTORRS, Conn. (AP) — UConn won its rivalry game against Notre Dame but may have lost last year’s national player of the year to a knee injury in the process.\nPaige Bueckers scored 22 points before going down with just seconds left in No. 2 UConn’s 73-54 victory over No. 24 Notre Dame on Sunday.\nBueckers, who is averaging a little more than 20 points per game, was dribbling up the court in the final minute of this one when she stumbled, twisting her ankle and coming down awkwardly on her left leg. She went to the floor a few seconds later and had to be carried off the court.\nCoach Geno Auriemma said she injured her left knee but did not appear to twist it. He said the extent of the injury won’t be known until scans are completed on Monday.\n“The initial report is, she might have hyperextended it,” Auriemma said. “But I think the first thing that goes through your mind is the worst thing.”\nOlivia Nelson-Ododa added 14 points and 13 rebounds for the Huskies (5-1), who dominated underneath, outrebounding Notre Dame 45-32 and outscored the Fighting Irish 28-16 in the paint.\nUConn freshman Caroline Ducharme scored a season-best 14 points and Aaliyah Edwards chipped in with 10.\nFreshman Sonia Citron, coming off a 29-point game against Michigan State, scored 19 points for Notre Dame (7-2), which had its final lead at 10-9 in the first quarter.\nThe Huskies led by 10 points at halftime and by 12 early in the second half. But Notre Dame used a 6-2 run to cut the lead to 51-44 headed into the fourth quarter.\nThe Huskies took over from there. A 3-pointer from Bueckers made it 56-44 and UConn scored the first 13 points of the final quarter to put the game away.\n“We played competitively for three quarters,” Notre Dame coach Niele Ivey said. “And in the fourth quarter they ran away with it. I think it’s a credit to UConn. They are a really great team. Unfortunately, we got outrebounded and I thought that was the difference.”\nUConn fell behind early, before going on a 7-0 run to take the lead for good. The Huskies ended the first quarter leading 16-12.\nA 3-point play by Nelson-Ododa after an offensive rebound gave UConn a 28-23 lead and sparked a run that saw the Huskies score 10 of the final 12 points in the half.\nA long pass from Bueckers to Christyn Williams, who laid the ball in just before the buzzer, sent the Huskies into halftime leading 35-25.\nUConn had 14 of its 18 second-chance points in the first half, while holding the Irish to just four during the game.\n“We definitely celebrated the win, but we were definitely more concerned about Paige and just how she was feeling and her status right now,” Nelson-Ododa said. “You know, we’re praying for the best and praying for good news and just kind of waiting for the outcome.”\nNotre Dame: This was Ivey’s first game against UConn as a head coach. The Irish are now 13-39 all-time against the Huskies, 0-9 in the month of December and 9-11 over the last 20 meetings.\nUConn: Before the game, UConn dedicated a monument outside of Gampel Pavilion honoring the school’s Olympians, including 16 former Husky women’s basketball players. Eleven of those won gold medals, led by Sue Bird and Diana Taurasi, who each have five.\nAuriemma was asked why Bueckers was on the floor in the final minute of what turned out to be a 19-point win. He said there is no good explanation for that.\n“She never wants to come out,” he said. “She’s a pain in the (behind) to have on the bench, ‘cause all she does is complain about why she’s not playing and we’ve made a concerted effort in the last three or four games to get her some rest during the game.”\nUConn likely will remain near the top of the poll, but how long it stays there may depend on the extent of Bueckers’ injury. Notre Dame’s losses have come to No. 20 Georgia in overtime and to UConn, which may be enough to push them outside the Top 25.\nNotre Dame: Continues its road trip with a visit to Valparaiso on Wednesday.\nUConn: Travels to Atlanta to face Georgia Tech on Thursday.\nMore AP women’s college basketball: https://apnews.com/hub/womens-college-basketball and https://apnews.com/hub/ap-top-25-womens-college-basketball-poll and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25\nConnecticut’s Paige Bueckers (5) is helped off the court by Amari DeBerrym, left, after injuring herself in the second half of an NCAA college basketball…\nConnecticut’s Paige Bueckers (5) is helped off the court by Amari DeBerrym, left, after injuring herself in the second half of an NCAA college basketball game against Notre Dame, Sunday, Dec. 5, 2021, in Storrs, Conn. (AP Photo/Jessica Hill)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1868068"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7265576124191284,"wiki_prob":0.2734423875808716,"text":"Jerry McBrien\nWriter and Lecturer in Military History\nNotes from Recent Lectures\nAustralia’s War: 80 years ago this week\nJerry’s new book “War in the Pacific: The First Six Months” is now available at all good ebook stores.\nJerry McBrien grew up in England at a time when World War 2 was recent and familiar history, and many people and the landscape still bore its scars.\nIn his twenties he settled in Australia, where he worked in strategy and planning roles in the chemical and power industries.\nNow retired on the Sunshine Coast, he spends most of his time writing and lecturing on the history of the Second World War, particularly the War in the Pacific, which has been an interest since he arrived in Australia.\nHis book War in the Pacific: The First Six Months―Defending Australia tells this dramatic story to a new audience and celebrates the efforts of those who fought and won the war, from the infantrymen to the joint chiefs of staff.\nIn his spare time he drives an old sports car around the Sunshine Coast Hinterland and boats in Pumicestone Passage.\nCopyright Jerry McBrien – All rights reserved\nJerry McBrien A WordPress.com Website.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1009937"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6718692779541016,"wiki_prob":0.6718692779541016,"text":"France and Germany Order EU States to Open Up Borders for Mass Migration\nEU states must pay fee if they don't accept refugees\nBy: Jacob Pramuk |@NeonNettle\non&nbsp7th December 2018 @ 4.00pm\nSince the European migrant crisis started back in 2015, there has been growing tension among EU members regarding asylum seekers and who will take them.\nThe massive influx of refugees to places like Italy, who reportedly turned boats of migrants away and sent them to the European Union allies, has instilled public discontent over Brussels' immigration policy.\nNow European Union member states who, like Italy, refused to take refugees, will have to pay a fee to EU budget or toward development projects in Africa, according to a report presented by France and Germany.\n[RELATED] Angela Merkel to The UK: 'Surrender Your Sovereignty To The EU'\nIn a separate scramble to stop intra-EU clashes over migration, Berlin and Paris submitted an amended version of a migration management mechanism, dealing with various migrant-related issues.\nThe document, obtained by Reuters, recommends a new formula for EU states obligation to take refugees, according to which first countries would carry the liability for migrants.\nThe Franco-German initiative also proposes extending strict rules on how to deal with migrants who entered in the EU after being rescued at sea.\nAccording to Sputnik: The \"alternative measures of solidarity\" that could be forced upon member states in the event they decline to provide asylum seek to end the disputes between the West and East in the bloc as the former has been willing to take in refugees while the latter has denied giving shelter to migrants.\nThe document also recommends that the EU would need to create a mechanism to avoid a circumstance when all European Union states prefer to pay instead of accepting migrants.\nNo specific details regarding such a mechanism have been provided.\nIn 2015-2016 the EU experienced a huge influx of migrants and refugees. In 2015 more than one million migrants arrived in Europe, of which 250, 000 people came by sea.\nThe main migrant entry-points into the EU were in southern and eastern EU member states, such as Italy, Greece, Spain, etc.\nEU authorities, to deal with the burden the migration created, established a quota system, according to which all EU states have to share liability for receiving migrants.\nWhile the bloc's western states, such as Germany, were prepared to give shelter to refugees, eastern countries, such as Hungary and Poland strongly opposed the decision.\nThe UN is set to hold a conference on migrants on 10-11 December 2018, where the participant states are expected to sign The UN Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.\nThe Compact has generated disagreement among EU states, leading some of them to reject it.\nSo far the US, Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and Lithuania have rejected the UN Compact.\nIn November Italian Deputy Premier Matteo Salvini stated that Italy would not take part in the forthcoming conference, however, noting that \"the floor of parliament must debate it. The Italian government will allow parliament to decide\".\n[RELATED] Journalist Who Exposed Misuse of EU Funds Found Brutally Murdered","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1696483"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8983177542686462,"wiki_prob":0.8983177542686462,"text":"Czech Philharmonic • Jakub Hrůša\nCzech Philharmonic\nIntroducing himself in Prague in Elgar’s Cello Concerto is 22-year-old British cellist Sheku Kanneh-Mason, who won the BBC Young Musician award in 2016. Recently, Jakub Hrůša has been discovering one important composition after another by Josef Suk. This time he chose Epilogue, a late, mature, and highly sophisticated work in praise of love.\nSubscription series C\nDuration of the programme 1 hod 30 min\nCello Concerto in E minor, Op. 85\nAdagio, moderato (attacca)\nLento. Allegro molto\nAllegro. Moderato\n— Intermission —\nEpilogue, a symphonic composition for orchestra, large and small mixed choirs, soprano, baritone, and bass, Op. 37 (40')\nFootsteps (Adagio)\nMothers’ Song (Andante semplice)\nFrom Eternity to Eternity (Allegro appassionato)\nMysterious Wonder and Restlessness (Adagio maestoso e mesto)\nPilgrim – Bringer of Consolation (Adagio molto tranquillo)\nSheku Kanneh-Mason cello\nAlžběta Poláčková soprano\nJiří Brückler baritone\nJan Šťáva bass\nCzech Philharmonic Choir of Brno\nPetr Fiala choirmaster\nJakub Hrůša conductor\n20 Jan 2022 Thursday 7.30pm\nAvailable seats\n21 Jan 2022 Friday 7.30pm\n22 Jan 2022 Saturday 3.00pm\nPrice from 220 to 1100 Kč\nTickets and contact information\nCustomer Service of Czech Philharmonic\nE-mail: info@czechphilharmonic.cz\nCustomer Service office hours are on weekdays from 09:00 a.m. to 06:00 p.m.\nWhen Josef Suk wrote his last composition Sousedská in 1935 for an outdoor ensemble from the village where he was born, he inscribed in the score the comment: “Exemplifying a composition that demands skill from neither the composer nor the players.” This is just one example of Suk’s peculiar sense of humour. At the same time, Suk was very much aware that the path to the highest artistic standards was difficult for both composers and performers. For example, in his Cello Concerto Edward Elgar created what is today one of one of the most famous works for that instrument, but the failed premiere obscured the concerto’s exceptional quality, and as a result the concerto did not become widely known until many years after the composer’s death.\nSheku Kanneh-Mason violoncello\nSheku Kanneh-Mason is already in great demand worldwide. He became a household name in 2018 after performing at the wedding of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex at Windsor Castle, a performance watched by nearly two billion people globally. Sheku initially garnered renown as the winner of the 2016 BBC Young Musician competition, the first Black musician to take the title. He has released two chart-topping albums on the Decca Classics label, Inspiration in 2018 and Elgar in 2020.\nSheku has made debuts with orchestras including the Seattle Symphony, the Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra, the Atlanta Symphony, Japan Philharmonic, BBC Symphony, London Philharmonic, and Baltimore Symphony orchestras. Highlights this season include performances with the Cleveland Orchestra, Orchestre de Paris, New York Philharmonic, and London Philharmonic orchestras.\nIn recital, Sheku has performed at venues and festivals around the world from Wigmore Hall London to Carnegie Hall New York. Current and future seasons include appearances at the Barbican Hall London, Berliner Philharmonie, Concertgebouw Amsterdam, Suntory Hall Tokyo, and tours of North America, Italy, South Korea and China.\nDuring the Covid-19 lockdown in spring 2020, Sheku and his siblings performed in twice-weekly livestreams from their family home in Nottingham to audiences of hundreds of thousands around the globe.\nSheku began learning the cello at the age of six and now continues his studies with Hannah Roberts at the Royal Academy of Music in London as a Bicentenary Fellow. Sheku was appointed a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2020 New Year’s Honours List. He plays a Matteo Goffriller cello from 1700 which is on indefinite loan to him.\nAlžběta Poláčková is one of today’s most sought-after Czech sopranos. The steady, radiant tone of her instantly recognisable soprano voice lies comfortably on the border between the lyric and the dramatic.\nAs a opera soloist at the National Theatre in Prague as well as at theatres outside of Prague and on foreign stages, she has performed many title roles in operas in a broad range of styles. She has also presented herself to the public at several festivals in this country and abroad (including the Glyndebourne Opera Festival and Smetana’s Litomyšl) under the leadership of important conductors. In the role of Jitka she took part in a recording of Smetana’s opera Dalibor with the BBC Symphony Orchestra led by Jiří Bělohlávek. Alžběta has collaborated with many important stage directors including Robert Carsen, Alice Nellis, and Calixto Bieito. Alongside Rolando Villazón she took part in the filming of the documentary “Rolando meets Don Giovanni”.\nShe was born in Prague, where she completed secondary school and then studied at the Academy of Performing Arts in the studio of René Tuček. She is a laureate of several international singing competitions.\nThe baritone Jiří Brückler completed his vocal studies at the Prague Conservatoire under Jiří Kotouč and at the Academy of Performing Arts under Roman Janál. Already as a student he was making guest appearances at the State Opera in Prague. Victory at the Antonín Dvořák International Singing Competition in Karlovy Vary earned him the opportunity of long-term engagements with opera houses in his native Liberec, and in Pilsen and Brno, where he appeared at first in minor roles. Later he obtained a key engagement at Prague’s State Opera and National Theatre. He is gradually building up a repertoire of leading baritone roles in the worldwide repertoire – The Marriage of Figaro, The Magic Flute, The Barber of Seville, Cinderella, Faust, Romeo and Juliet, Eugene Onegin, The Jacobin, and Werther. He has been repeatedly honoured with nominations for Thalia Awards (for portrayals of Silvia in Pagliacci and of Rodrigo in Don Carlos). He also sings in operas by Janáček, Martinů, and Britten as well as new works by contemporary composers. Jiří Brückler has been honoured by invitations to collaborate with the world famous artists José Cura and Plácido Domingo.\nJan Štáva (*1988, Brno) has been an ensemble member of the Janáček Opera of the National Theatre in Brno since 2010. His repertoire there includes the roles of Baron Ochs (Der Rosenkavalier), Leporello (Don Giovanni), and Kecal (The Bartered Bride). In 2011 he made his debut at the National Theatre in Prague as Osmin (Die Entführung aus dem Serail). Since then, he has appeared there in a number of other roles such as Leporello (Don Giovanni) and Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro). The stages where he has appeared abroad include the Opéra de Paris, the opera house in Montpellier, the Angers-Nantes Opéra, and the Opéra National de Lorraine in Nancy. He has appeared in concert in collaborations with such orchestras as the BBC Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre National de Lyon, and the Philharmonie Leipzig. His concert repertoire includes bass parts in works by J. S. Bach (St John Passion), J. Haydn (The Creation), W. A. Mozart, A. Dvořák, and G. Verdi (Requiem). This season, his appearances will include Papageno (The Magic Flute) at Brno’s National Theatre.\nThe Czech Philharmonic Choir of Brno choir\nThe Czech Philharmonic Choir of Brno stands at the pinnacle of the field of choral music at home and in a worldwide context. Conductors, orchestras, and soloists who have worked with the choir speak of it in superlatives. Above all, music critics acclaim its compact sound and broad range of expression. The choir appears at most of Europe’s prestigious festivals and at important concerts. Because of its excellence, each year it gives more than 90 concerts at home and abroad. It collaborates with the world’s top orchestras and conductors. It has an extensive discography and has earned a number of important awards: a 2007 Echo Klassik Award from Germany as ensemble of the year, a 2011 Tokusen Award from Japan for a recording of Dvořák’s Requiem, and a 2019 Classic Prague Award in the Vocal Performance category for its interpretation of Janáček’s Glagolitic Mass. The man behind the choir’s successes is its founder, choirmaster, and director Petr Fiala. The assistant choirmaster is Michael Dvořák.\nChoirmaster Petr Fiala graduated from the Brno Conservatoire (piano, composition, conducting) and the Janáček Academy of Performing Arts in the studio of Jan Kapr. Besides teaching (he has been a professor at the Brno Conservatoire) and composing (he has written about 180 compositions), he has been devoting himself intensively to the work of a choirmaster and conductor for over 50 years. Petr Fiala is a laureate of many national and international competitions. He receives invitations to guest conduct Czech and foreign orchestras and choirs. In 1990 he founded the Czech Philharmonic Choir of Brno, and under his leadership it has earned itself a place among Europe’s best choral ensembles. In 2009 the Czech Episcopal Conference honoured Fiala with the Order of Sts. Cyril and Methodius for outstanding achievements as a conductor and composer. In 2013 he received the Brno City Prize in the field of music for his many years of artistic activity and for representing the city of Brno, and in 2016 he won the South Bohemia Region Prize for significant representation of the South Bohemia Region in the area of culture.\nJakub Hrůša principal guest conductor\nJakub Hrůša is Chief Conductor of the Bamberg Symphony, and Principal Guest Conductor of the Czech Philharmonic and the Orchestra dell’Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia.\nHe is a frequent guest with the world’s greatest orchestras, including the Vienna, Berlin, Munich and New York Philharmonics; Bavarian Radio, NHK, Chicago and Boston Symphonies; Leipzig Gewandhaus, Lucerne Festival, Royal Concertgebouw, Mahler Chamber and The Cleveland Orchestras; Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, and Tonhalle Orchester Zürich. He has led opera productions for the Vienna State Opera, Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Opéra National de Paris, and Zurich Opera. He has also been a regular guest with Glyndebourne Festival and served as Music Director of Glyndebourne On Tour for three years.\nHis recording of Martinů and Bartók violin concertos with Bamberg Symphony was nominated for a Gramophone Award, and his Dvořák Violin Concerto CD with the Bavarian Radio Symphony was nominated for a Grammy Award. In 2020, his recordings of Dvořák and Martinů Piano Concertos with Bamberg Symphony, and Vanessa from Glyndebourne, won BBC Music Magazine Awards. Other releases include Dvořák and Brahms Symphonies with Bamberg Symphony, Suk’s Asrael with the Bavarian Radio Symphony, and Dvořák’s Requiem and Te Deum with the Czech Philharmonic.\nHrůša studied at Prague’s Academy of Performing Arts, where his teachers included Jiří Bělohlávek. He is President of the International Martinů Circle and The Dvořák Society. He was the inaugural recipient of the Sir Charles Mackerras Prize, and in 2020 was awarded the Antonín Dvořák Prize by the Czech Republic’s Academy of Classical Music, and – with Bamberg Symphony – the Bavarian State Prize for Music.\nThe English composer Edward Elgar grew up in the family of a church organist who owned a shop that sold sheet music and instruments. Little Edward began playing the piano at school, and he learned to play the organ by watching his father. He also borrowed a variety of instruments from the family shop and taught himself to play them without receiving any kind of instruction, so he soon mastered not only piano and organ, but also violin, viola, cello, and bassoon. He also began composing in a similar manner. At age 16 he became a free-lance musician, so he got experience mainly as an instrumentalist, church organist, and conductor. He mostly composed choral music, but he did not achieve true renown as a composer until he reached the age of 42, when he wrote his Enigma Variations, Op. 36. The great conductor Hans Richter held the work in high esteem and prepared and led its premiere. The idea of creating a set of variations with a secret, “encoded” theme is indicative of Elgar’s unusual imaginativeness, and as a self-taught composer, he was not under any restraints. The work is a covert tribute to the composer’s wife Alice and to the friends who supported Elgar during the years of uncertainty as he got his start as a composer.\nAnother of Elgar’s most important works is the Cello Concerto in E minor, Op. 85. Just choosing the cello as a solo instrument represents a great challenge for composers. Antonín Dvořák may have put it most succinctly, once warning his composition pupils that unlike the piano or violin, which are capable of carrying themselves in front of an orchestra as ideal solo instruments, the cello does not possess comparable tonal qualities: “it whines up high and mumbles down low”. It is possible that after Elgar’s Violin Concerto (1907–1910), he was taking on a challenge as Dvořák had done—dealing with a difficult compositional task. The solutions the composer selected definitely hint at this. Elgar chose an unusual four-movement layout that differs from most other concertos and is more typical of chamber music, and Elgar’s concerto has a great deal in common with the chamber music genre. The composer deals with the cello’s sonic limitations by using a very delicate instrumental touch, and the music itself is in fact very personal, even intimate in character. Elgar’s musical language achieves perfection in its musical expression of pain and sorrow. The melancholy phrases that descend ever more deeply into despair and gloom are the key to the interpreter’s grasp of the entire work. The concerto dates from a time of great resignation immediately after the First World War. The composer himself was battling illness, but above all he was affected by the decline of his beloved wife’s health. She managed to attend the concerto’s premiere, but she died the following year. Although the premiere on 27 October 1919 featured the superb cellist Felix Salmond, the London Symphony Orchestra, and Elgar conducting, the performance did not turn out well because of a lack of sufficient rehearsal time. The failed premiere proved to be too much for the concerto. Despite the efforts of many outstanding cellists, it was not until 1965 that the work gained wide recognition thanks to the legendary recording made by Jacqueline du Pré, who was 20 years old at the time.\nEpilogue, a symphonic work for orchestra, large choir, small choir, soprano, baritone, and bass, Op. 37\nThe Czech composer, violinist, and teacher Josef Suk received his basic musical training from his father, a village teacher. The talented boy then got the best possible education at the Prague Conservatoire, where he first studied violin under Antonín Bennewitz, then composition under Karel Stecker and Antonín Dvořák. This is one reason for the unusual maturity of even Suk’s early works. The popular Serenade for Strings in E flat major, Op. 6 even captivated Johannes Brahms, who recommended the work to his publisher Fritz Simrock, although the composer was just 18 years old. As a recent conservatoire graduate, Suk also had other ambitious; immediately after finishing their studies, Suk and some classmates founded a string quartet, which soon earned recognition at home and around Europe. For a full four decades, Josef Suk played second violin in the Bohemian Quartet, performing on prestigious stages and spending a great deal of time on tour in trains and hotels. It is incredible that with such a busy schedule, he was able to focus on composing. His works were attracting the interest of performers and audiences. And Antonín Dvořák—Suk’s former teacher and now his father-in-law—was now satisfied. For example, Dvořák declared Suk’s incidental music to Zeyer’s play Radúz and Mahulena to be “music from heaven”.\nDvořák died in 1904, and a year later Suk’s wife, Dvořák’s daughter Otilie, died of a heart condition at the age of 27. The heartbroken composer later said: “This sad turn of events also brought a definitive turning point in my creative work, giving rise to a symphony bearing the name of the angel of death Asrael”. He dedicated the Asrael Symphony (1905–1906) “to the sublime memory of Dvořák and Otilie”. He gradually created an entire cycle of compositions dealing with serious questions of human existence. After Asrael he wrote Pohádka léta (A Summer’s Tale, 1907–1909) and Zrání (Ripening, 1912–1917), then in 1920 he began sketching the last part of the cycle: “The Harvest of Love”. Only after he had begun work on the composition did he give it the title Epilogue. Suk wrote the first two parts of the tetralogy for large orchestra only, then at the very end of Zrání he added a small women’s choir. In Epilogue he greatly strengthened the vocal component, adding a mixed choir and three solo voices – soprano, baritone, and bass. He selected the text from the Bible and from Julius Zeyer’s legend Under the Apple Tree. His work on the vast score was often interrupted because he assumed new duties in addition to playing in the quartet: teaching composition at the Prague Conservatoire and taking over as the director of the school. This is another reason why Epilogue was written during the long interval between 1920 and 1929 (with final revisions in 1933). The unique compositions flows without interruption, and it is divided internally into five parts (1. Footsteps, 2. Mothers’ Song, 3. From Eternity to Eternity, 4. Mysterious Wonder and Restlessness, 5. Pilgrim – The Bringer of Consolation). The movement titles do not appear in the score, but the composer revealed the titles and the thoughts behind them to his biographer J. M. Květ: “A man walking about the countryside is contemplating the mysteries of life and death until he is gripped by fear of death nearly to the point of despair. At the moment of greatest desperation, a recollection comes to him of a song sung by his mother, and in the beauty of maternal love he becomes aware of earthly love in its purest form. Deep in thought, he sees a vision of a flame rising from the earth, and in its radiance he envisions mankind’s eternal feelings and desires and the questions of life and death. Under the impression of this revelation, his heart is filled with mysterious wonder and restlessness. Redemption comes in the form of a Pilgrim, an embodiment of universal human desire, who rids men of the fear of death and fills them to their depths with the humble certainty that ‘the spirit of eternal love hovers over us’, and that in death are the seeds of new life.”\nIn reference to Suk’s humorous comment quoted above, it should be added that unlike Sousedská, his Epilogue definitely requires skill from its performers. At the work’s premiere on 20 December 1933 in Smetana Hall at the Municipal House in Prague, joining with three soloists and three Prague choirs were the Czech Philharmonic augmented by additional players and the conductor Václav Talich, to whom the composer dedicated the work. The President of Czechoslovakia T. G. Masaryk was among those present at the successful premiere.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line429136"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6632401943206787,"wiki_prob":0.3367598056793213,"text":"Worcestershire FA Discipline and Safeguarding Update\nWorcestershire FA is providing this update as a result of a series of unacceptable incidents taking place in local grassroots football. Incidents have taken place across youth, adult, male and female matches and are not limited to a certain category.\nPLEASE NOTE: Some of the content below contains expletives, inappropriate language and discriminatory comments.\nAbusive behaviour within football towards anyone is totally unacceptable. Whilst Worcestershire FA can only affect change locally, rest assured that we are operating with a zero tolerance policy.\nAs recently as last weekend, we had referees verbally abused by players, coaches and spectators due to perceived poor decision making. To be clear: no matter how good, bad or indifferent you think a referees’ performance is, this does not give you any right whatsoever to approach a referee or make abusive comments. A referee will make mistakes, just like the player who misplaces a pass or misses an open goal.\nWith this in mind, there are teams currently under investigation that have their upcoming fixtures postponed due to the severity of their alleged actions.\nWorcestershire FA would like to place on record our sincere thanks to our Leagues who have supported the above action. As well as our Leagues, our Safeguarding and Football Development Teams will also be made aware of these incidents to work with the Clubs to improve behaviour.\nThe following are real examples of incidents that we have recently dealt with. The sanctions issued are determined by The Football Association (FA) in line with Disciplinary Regulations. Any match-based suspensions are from All Football until the team that the offenders were participating for have completed the relevant number of matches.\n1 – A substitute called a qualified assistant referee a “f***ing m***ole” and a “bald sp****c”. The player was charged with Improper Conduct aggravated on grounds of Discrimination. The player received a 7 match suspension, £90 fine and is required to complete an education course if they ever wish to return to football.\n2 – A player used abusive langauge to another player, calling them a “p**i”. The player was charged with Improper Conduct aggravated on grounds of Discrimination. The player received a 7 match suspension, £75 fine and is required to complete an education course if they ever wish to return to football.\n3 – An adult spectator shouted at a youth referee – a child – calling them a “sp****c”, telling the referee to “find his balls” and aggressively screamed several times regarding decisions. A witness stated “the Match Official was put under immense pressure and said to me he felt scared to give cards”. The spectator received a 302 day suspension (including ground ban), meaning they cannot attend any match to watch their child play during this period, £145 fine and is required to complete an education course if they ever wish to return to football. This individual has also been referred to FA Safeguarding.\n4 – A player shouted at a referee that they would “drag me to the car park”. The player was charged with Improper Conduct including Threatening/Abusive behaviour. The player received a 119 day suspension, £75 fine and is required to complete an education course if they ever wish to return to football.\n5 – Two youth team coaches were abusive towards a Match Official, making comments such as “f***ing disgraceful”, “you’re a joke”, “you’ve ruined the game” and approached the match official at half time to make derogatory comments related to their performance. The coaches both received a 3 match suspension (including a ground ban), £50 fine and were severely warned as to their future conduct. The two coaches involved in this incident have also been referred to The FA Safeguarding Team.\n6 – An adult player went head to head with a referee, which was determined as an Assault – the player was charged with Assault on a Match Official. The player received a 7.5 year suspension from All Football, £100 fine and is required to complete an education course if they ever wish to return to football.\n7 – A youth match was abandoned following a mass brawl between players and spectators of both clubs, who then continued the confrontation in the car park after the match. As well as red cards being issued to players, the clubs were charged with failing to ensure that participants conducted themselves in an orderly fashion. The Clubs were fined £100 each and severely warned as to their future conduct, as well as a referral to the Designated Safeguarding Officer for further education.\nThese are just 7 examples – sadly there are many more that we could have used.\nWe also remind everyone that our referees aged under 18 – who are children – wear bright yellow #SeeTheSocks and this means that they are safeguarded in the same way as youth players.\nFor far too long, inappropriate behaviour has taken place within grassroots football with very little accountability. Worcestershire FA promises you that where sufficient evidence exists we will take action. Together with everyone who behaves positively to improve the game, we will enhance the experience for all participants.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line752063"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.753078818321228,"wiki_prob":0.753078818321228,"text":"Wassim Abdul Khalek • December 6, 2021\nCandlelight is gifting New Orleans with an intimate tribute to Taylor Swift in January — And you can now get your tickets!\nSwifties, get ready to experience Tay’s hit songs in a whole different way! Candlelight is featuring a talented string quartet on January 27 in New Orleans and they will be playing your favorite anthems by the iconic pop and country music singer-songwriter, Taylor Swift.\nFrom the moment you step into Livaudais Hall, you will be taken away to a warm and beautiful environment. What makes this experience magical is the perfect blend of breathtaking architecture, the glow of hundreds of candles and the soothing sound of a string quartet.\nAnd tickets for this concert have just been released to the public!\nFollowing its enormous success around the world—in cities like London, Manchester, Madrid, Barcelona, and Paris—Candlelight brings its unique experience to New Orleans to pay tribute to one of the most popular pop stars in the world.\nTaylor recently redid her classic 2012 album ‘Red’, only this time it is Taylor’s version which means even bigger and glossier. And Fever’s Candlelight series will be playing homage to the most popular and loved songs from ‘Red’ and other albums — like “I Knew You Were Trouble”, “All Too Well” and “Shake it Off”.\nThe Candlelight series takes place twice each night, with two back to back 60-65 minute performances.\nExperience a delightful evening orchestrated by the anthems of the legendary Taylor Swift. Get your tickets here!\nCandlelight: A Tribute to Taylor Swift\nSponsored Things To Do","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line488410"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7510852813720703,"wiki_prob":0.7510852813720703,"text":"Crows Woes\nBy Daniel Emilio Amato\nWith one small step forward comes nine back. The Adelaide Crows are now in uncharted territory as a football club and sporting entity under new coach Matthew Nicks. It has now been one year since their last victory in amy capacity. That’s right… the last time Adelaide won any game of football was Round 20 last season, when they defeated an average St. Kilda outfit by 22 points to keep their below standard 2019 campaign alive.\nNow this 365 days of losing may be considered misleading, and the halting of the 2020 AFL Season due to the COVID-19 pandemic is certainly worth taking note of … but you get the picture.\nThe Crows have lost their last twelve games, rounds 21-23 last year and the first nine games this season, by a combined average of 35 points. This eclipses their previous worst start to a campaign by three (0-6 in 2010) and also the most consecutive losses in club history by two (10 games from 1999-2000). These are officially the darkest days in the proud Adelaide Football Club’s history, which has always maintained a high on-field standard, with the lowest finish in club history being 14th with seven wins, 15 losses in 2011.\nAugust 5th, 2020|","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line913856"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7230755686759949,"wiki_prob":0.2769244313240051,"text":"Black Lives Matter Activist Starts \"Church For Black Men\" In Detroit\n(WJBK) - Black Lives Matter Activist & Christian Pastor Jomo Kenyatta Johnson announced he is founding a new Christian denomination of house churches called, \"Church for Black Men.\"\nJohnson, a 2014 Westminster Seminary Graduate and former pastor that became known for his radio debate with Rapper Meek Mill, states in his latest book, that Black men are the least churched demographic in America and therefore are in need of a safe place to be unapologetically black while learning and seeking spiritual truth.\nAccording to Johnson, Church for Black Men will be distinct in three ways: 1. the congregations do not meet in a building, but a home; 2. that the Church will not receive financial offerings from its members. 3. The church will forfeit non-profit status in order to speak on political issues.\nThe belief is that by removing the church's emphasis on money while also addressing political issues that lead to black oppression will enable a greater number of black males to partake.\nJohnson, who graduated Seminary in 2014 before working for a number of predominantly White Presbyterian churches stated,\n\"The reason that Black man do not connect with the American Evangelical church,\" said Johnson. \"Is because we they refuse to suffer with and therefore are unable to communicate in a message by which Black men can understand.\"\nChurch for Black Men launched its first Sunday home meeting on February 4th in Detroit, Michigan.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line965201"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.750127911567688,"wiki_prob":0.750127911567688,"text":"Tag: Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company\nThe Hardware: Fender Stratocaster\nPerhaps no other model embodies the electric guitar more than the Fender Stratocaster\nTo me the Fender Stratocaster is the Porsche 911 of electric guitars. Similar to the iconic German sports car, the Strat was designed decades ago but its basic shape has remained unchanged.\nThe Stratocaster was developed by the founder of the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company (“Fender”) Leo Fender, guitarist and adviser Bill Carson and company associates George Fullerton and Freddie Tavares. It was Tavares who came up with the two-horned body shape, similar to the Precision Bass that Fender had launched in 1951.\nIntroduced in 1954, the Strat became Fender’s third defining model after the Telecaster and the Precision Bass. While Les Paul built the first solid-body guitar, it was Leo Fender who started mass-producing the first such guitar in 1948, the Fender Broadcaster. A few years later, it was renamed the Telecaster and introduced in 1951. The Telecaster gained quick popularity among country and early rock & roll guitarists.\nIt is quite amazing that to this day, more than 60 years later, the Telecaster, Precision Bass and Stratocaster continue to be manufactured. By the way, it was Fender’s head of sales Don Randall who came up with the name Stratocaster.\nThe Strat featured several innovations. It was the first electric guitar with three pickups; the Telecaster had two. The Strat’s rounded edges and deep body and forearm contours were another first. The so-called “Comfort Contour Body” was another contrast to the Telecaster with its squared-off body that dug into the player’s body and picking-hand forearm.\nThe new shape, which has been attributed to guitarist Rex Gallion, made the instrument more comfortable to play. Gallion reportedly once asked Leo Fender, “Why not get away from a body that is always digging into your ribs?” The new shape also looked pretty cool – there was simply no other guitar like it!\nAnother key innovative feature of the Strat was its spring tension tremolo system. Leo Fender came up with the design after scraping the initial vibrato system due to poor performance. In the new design the whole bridge moved with the strings rather than having the strings move over rollers with the bridge remaining stationary. The spring tension tremolo system allowed the pitch to vary by at least three half steps.\nThe tremolo system turned out to be hugely impactful. For example, without this feature, Hank Marvin, lead guitarist of The Shadows, could not have created his signature sound on Apache and many of the band’s other songs. And more than a decade later, Jimi Hendrix’s epic performance of Star-Spangled Banner at Woodstock would not have been possible without his guitar’s vibrato bar.\nDespite all of its novel features, the Strat was not an overnight sensation. Many guitarists considered it gimmicky. The early rock & rollers largely relied on flat-top acoustic or big, hollow-body electric guitars by Gibson and Gretsch. Leo Fender and his staff continued tweaking the Stratocaster until 1957 when they finally had improved it to the form that largely has remained unchanged to this day.\nThe Strat is a versatile guitar that has been used in many music genres, including blues, country, soul, rock, punk, heavy metal and jazz. Following are some of the influential musicians who have played the Strat.\nBuddy Holly was the first “Strat hero.” According to Fender’s official website, Holly purchased his first Strat in his hometown of Lubbock, Texas in 1955, with money he had borrowed from his brother Larry. He helped popularize the guitar with his 1957 appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show. Peggy Sue also happens to be one of my favorite tunes from that era.\nHank Marvin reportedly was the first U.K. owner of a Strat. His initial preference for the guitar was based the wrong assumption that his favorite guitarist James Burton, who played with Ricky Nelson at the time, was using that model. “We loved the sound he and Buddy Holly had,” Marvin told Vintage Guitar Magazine in 2006. “We just assumed that James would be using the same, because it seemed to be the top model…That’s how I got my Strat. And it was a beautiful guitar, [Fiesta Red] with a birdseye maple neck and gold-plated hardware.”\nLike Buddy Holly, Jimi Hendrix helped popularize the Strat, especially his favorite white-finish version, the guitar he used at Woodstock. Two years earlier, at Monterey Pop Festival, Hendrix also proved you can set a Stratocaster on fire – don’t try this at home!\nEric Clapton became a Strat enthusiast in 1967, after originally having played Gibson guitars. The guitar he used to record Layla was a second-hand 1956 sunburst-finish Strat he had purchased in London in May 1967, which he nicknamed “Brownie.” Clapton’s other main Fender guitar, “Blackie,” was assembled from three different Strats. He used it until the mid-80s. In 1988, Fender introduced the Eric Clapton Stratocaster, the first model in the company’s signature series. Here is Clapton with It’s Too Late, together with Derek & The Dominos.\nRory Gallagher was well known for his battered 1961 sunburst Stratocaster, which he described as “a part of my physical make-up.” Since 1997, Fender’s Custom Shop has built the Rory Gallagher Signature Stratocaster, an exact replica of the Irish blues rocker’s instrument. Here is a clip of a 1977 live performance of Tattoo’d Lady on German TV music broadcast Rockpalast.\nMark Knopfler, another big Strat enthusiast, has been using this Fender model throughout his career. Together with his fingerstyle playing, he created his own signature sound. Sultans of Swing is one of the finest examples. In an interview with Guitar World last year, Knopfler commented on the role his Strat played for the song. “I thought it [the National Steel guitar he used to write the tune] was dull, but as soon as I bought my first Strat in 1977, the whole thing changed, though the lyrics remained the same. It just came alive as soon as I played it on that ’61 Strat.”\nStevie Ray Vaughan is another great guitarist who is closely associated with the Strat. In January 1992, Fender introduced the Stevie Ray Vaughan Stratocaster, a signature model based on his favorite guitar, “Number One.” Here is a clip of Pride And Joy, together with Double Trouble.\nDavid Gilmour is considered to be one of the more influential Stratocaster players since the instrument’s invention, according to Wikipedia. He has played the Strat during his time with Pink Floyd and as a solo artist. Here is a clip of Comfortably Numb, which includes an epic Strat solo.\nBuddy Guy has played a Strat throughout his career. There has been a Buddy Guy Signature Stratocaster since the early 1990s. Here’s a clip of one of my favorite Guy tunes, Whiskey, Beer & Wine. It rocks like a Hendrix reincarnation!\nBonnie Raitt has owned a Stratocaster since 1969 and told Guitar Player she hasn’t missed one concert with that guitar since then. She also owns various Bonnie Raitt signature Strats. Here is a clip of Gypsy In Me from her last album.\nIn 1965, poor health made Leo Fender sell the company to CBS. While Fender significantly grew over the next 20 years, there was a lack of commitment and true understanding of musicianship at CBS. In 1981, it brought in new management to “re-invent” Fender. Eventually, CBS sold the company in 1985 to a group of Fender employees and investors. That transaction started a turnaround of the company and may well be reason why it’s still alive today and hopefully will be around for many years to come.\nSources: Wikipedia; Jeff Owens: The History of the Fender Stratocaster: The 1950s, Fender website; Mental Floss; Guitar Player; Vintage Guitar Magazine; Guitar World; YouTube\nAuthor christiansmusicmusingsPosted on July 4, 2017 November 28, 2020 Categories The HardwareTags Apache, Bill Carson, Bonnie Raitt, Buddy Guy, Buddy Guy Signature Stratocaster, Buddy Holly, Comfortably Numb, David Gilmour, Derek & The Dominos, Don Randall, Double Trouble, Ed Sullivan Show, Eric Clapton, Eric Clapton Stratocaster, Fender Broadcaster, Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company, Fender Precision Bass, Fender Stratocaster, Fender Telecaster, Freddie Tavares, George Fullerton, Gretsch, Gypsy In Me, Hank Marvin, It's Too Late, James Burton, Jimi Hendrix, Layla, Leo Fender, Les Paul, Mark Knopfler, Peggy Sue, Pink Floyd, Pride and Joy, Rex Gallion, Ricky Nelson, Rockpalast, Rory Gallagher, Rory Gallagher Signature Stratocaster, Star-Spangled Banner, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Stevie Ray Vaughan Stratocaster, Sultans of Swing, Tattoo'd Lady, The Shadows, Whiskey Beer & Wine8 Comments on The Hardware: Fender Stratocaster","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line127840"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6440908312797546,"wiki_prob":0.35590916872024536,"text":"November government funding for Clapham Junction’s upgrade scheme scrapped\nPosted on May 30, 2010 by Cyril Richert\n>> Your chance to contribute: tell us what your think on Clapham Junction station redevelopment\nFollowing yesterday’s article on Transport funding cut, I forgot to report on the more specific news regarding the scrapping of the millions promised to upgrade the worst stations in Britain.\nThe report in Railnews.co.uk on the 26th May says:\n“A £50 million DfT grant intended to upgrade the ten worst stations in Britain following the Station Champions’ report last November has been scrapped as part of the Government’s budget cuts.\nThe Department for Transport has lost £683 million from its budget for this year, as its share of a £6.2 billion reduction in spending ordered by the Chancellor of the Exchequer.\nAt first, the DfT had only outlined the reductions following the Chancellor’s announcement. They include £309 million withdrawn from councils and a proposed cut of £108 million for Transport for London.\nAnother item on the brief DfT list had been £100 million cut from the grant to Network Rail, and it’s now been revealed that half that sum is the £50 million which had been allocated to station upgrades in November 2009.“\nHowever all is not lost for Clapham Junction as, according to the article, Network Rail pointed out that funding is also coming from other sources (Manchester Victoria will still go ahead, for example, because only £5 million of the £30 million to be spent there was coming from the Better Stations fund in any case). Clapham Junction is said to be benefiting from other funding. We have not heard of any of them and I would be curious to know what are the other parts of the £10m funding that was promised.\nObviously it gives me mixed feelings:\nAlthough not welcomed, it is understandable that the new government is cutting first the last minute spending from its predecessor.\nWhen we met with Office of Rail Regulation last November, our discussions were not considering the last minute funding provided by the government, and we were focusing on the next budget period, especially CP5 (2014-19). Although it has to be discussed in line of the proposed funding for these period, the topic still remains.\nWe were outraged by Network Rail saying, when we met with them in January, there won’t be much allocation for Clapham Junction station in CP5 as it already received a lot currently (pointing out the £50m grant for the 10 worst stations). Hopefully they won’t dare use this argument any more to explain their future allowance to CJ station.\nObviously it does not prevent us to carry on with our consultation, giving an opportunity for local residents to have their say o nthe future of Clapham Junction station. I want to believe that we will receive the same support and encouragement from our new MP, Jane Ellison, as we did from Martin Linton.\nThis entry was posted in The station by Cyril Richert. Bookmark the permalink.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line907119"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9769092202186584,"wiki_prob":0.9769092202186584,"text":"LB Jaylon Smith joins Packers one day after Cowboys drop him\nby Shereen Siewert October 8, 2021 October 8, 2021\nFILE - In this Monday, Sept. 27, 2021, file photo, Dallas Cowboys linebacker Jaylon Smith leaves the field after an NFL football game against the Philadelphia Eagles in Arlington, Texas. The Cowboys are moving on from Smith without getting into the specifics of the decision to release their leading returning tackler four games into 2021. (AP Photo/Roger Steinman, File)\nGREEN BAY, Wis. (AP) — Jaylon Smith has joined the Green Bay Packers, one day after the Dallas Cowboys released the veteran linebacker.\nThe Packers officially announced Thursday afternoon that they had signed Smith. Packers coach Matt LaFleur had talked earlier in the day about how the former Cowboy would fit in with the Packers.\n“I just think (he’s) a veteran guy who’s played at a really high level and just can bring kind of a mentality and leadership to our defense,” LaFleur said.\n“Certainly he’s going to be behind quite a bit, being the fact we’re heading to Week 5 and it’s a totally different system, so there’s going to be a lot of work that needs to be put in, not only from him but from our coaching staff to get him up to speed, but we’ll let him kind of come in here and compete to play.”\nSmith wasn’t available to practice on Thursday, and LaFleur said it’s “highly unlikely” that Smith would play for the Packers (3-1) as soon as Sunday’s game in Cincinnati (3-1).\nWhen defensive coordinator Joe Barry spoke to reporters late Thursday afternoon, he still hadn’t met Smith. Barry said teaching the verbiage will be the starting point.\n“He’s a good football player,” Packers linebackers coach Kirk Olivadotti said after meeting Smith for the first time. “He’s played a ton of football. He can do a lot of different things. To be quite honest, we’ll find out more once we get our hands on him a little bit.”\nSmith made the Pro Bowl as an injury replacement in 2019 and led the Cowboys in tackles each of the past two seasons. He had nine tackles against Green Bay during the Packers’ 34-24 victory at Dallas in 2019.\n“I remember he was a bad dude in there,” Packers offensive coordinator Nathaniel Hackett said. “He was definitely somebody we had to account for sideline to sideline, being a force in the middle, so excited to have him on the team.”\nSmith’s performance had dipped over the past year. Smith played just 16 snaps in a season-opening loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as the Cowboys cleared the way for rookie linebacker Micah Parsons, the 12th overall pick in this year’s draft.\nThe Cowboys released Smith at the same time they anticipated getting linebacker Keanu Neal back after the converted safety missed two games because of a positive COVID-19 test.\n“I like him as a person, and he’s a super like friendly, happy guy, even on the field,” Packers quarterback Aaron Rodgers said Wednesday when he was asked about Smith.\n“He’s a fierce competitor, but he always has a smile on his face. So I appreciate that about him, and it was just more of a respectful competitor-to-competitor conversation after the game.\n“I haven’t heard if anything’s been done yet, but in general, I think anytime you add a veteran player to a team, there’s the possibility of a guy getting an opportunity who’s played football before at a high level, and sometimes it just takes an environment switch for some of those guys to play their best football.”\nSmith’s pending move to Green Bay would reunite him with LaFleur, who spent the 2014 season as Notre Dame’s quarterbacks coach when Smith was starring for the Fighting Irish.\nSmith won the Butkus Award as college football’s most outstanding linebacker the following year, but suffered a severe knee injury in the Fiesta Bowl that dropped him into the second round of the 2016 draft and caused him to miss his entire rookie season.\nLaFleur said that Smith was one of his favorite players during his year at Notre Dame.\n“He’s got a great presence, No. 1,” LaFleur said. “He’s got an infectious personality. He’s a guy that everybody on the team really gravitated to, was a great leader not only by example but vocal as well. And then he was a pretty damn good player, too. He was the complete package.”\nWhile the Packers seemed on the verge of welcoming a veteran inside linebacker, they also likely lost a reserve outside linebacker for the rest of the season. LaFleur said Chauncey Rivers suffered a significant knee injury during Wednesday’s practice and was placed on injured reserve Thursday.\n“My heart goes out to him because I think he was really doing a great job,” LaFleur said. “He was battling. He was getting us snaps on defense, playing on special teams. He came to work every day with a great attitude, a great mentality, was a great teammate in the locker room.”\nTagged: Chauncey Rivers, Dallas Cowboys, Green Bay Packers, Jaylon Smith, Matt LaFleur","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1838981"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8976691961288452,"wiki_prob":0.8976691961288452,"text":"Efficiency at core of EPA transport program\nHILTON HEAD, S.C.—The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is inviting commercial tire manufacturers as well as truck fleets to join a unique industry-government partnership to improve the efficiency of freight transport, according to a speaker at the Clemson University Tire Industry Conference.\nLaunched in 2004, the SmartWay Transportation Partnership is designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from truck fleets, promote U.S. energy security and save trucking companies money, said Cheryl L. Bynum, senior policy analyst for SmartWay at the EPA.\n“Shippers assess the carbon footprint of their freight operations, using information from carriers that employ SmartWay-verified technologies,” Bynum said. SmartWay partners that have the greatest reductions in their carbon baseline are entitled to use the SmartWay logo in their publicity in recognition of their achievements, she said.\nThe SmartWay program has doubled in size annually since its inception, according to Bynum. Today it has more than 1,500 partners driving more than 584,000 trucks and representing 7 percent of the trucking industry, she said.\nFor 2009 alone, SmartWay partners will save 7 million tons of carbon dioxide, 1,000 tons of particulate matter, 41,000 tons of nitrogen oxide, 625 million gallons of diesel fuel, and $1.5 billion in fuel and maintenance costs over the figures recorded before SmartWay was introduced, according to EPA estimates.\nPersuading truckers to join SmartWay wasn't easy in the beginning, said Bynum, who worked in the transportation industry before joining the agency.\n“Many fleets weren't willing to work with us because they knew us only from the regulatory side,” she said. “They were skeptical, and trucking is a conservative business to begin with.”\nThe small, mom-and-pop trucking companies that form the base of the industry were particularly hard to reach because they don't necessarily belong to the American Trucking Association and other professional groups, Bynum said. But through public service announcements, booths at truck shows and talks at state trucking association meetings, the EPA got the word out.\n“We told them, 'Let us be your environmental consultant,' ” she said. “ 'You might as well get your money's worth because we're doing it for you.' ”\nBynum and other EPA officials met with all truck manufacturers to identify the most fuel-efficient truck models and also the most fuel-efficient truck configurations, including parts and trailers.\nThe SmartWay program has specifications for parts and configurations across the entire length of a tractor-trailer, including low-rolling-resistance tires with aluminum wheels.\nTractor-trailers bearing SmartWay-approved design features are 10- to 20-percent more fuel-efficient than those without them, Bynum said.\nSmartWay-approved truck tires must provide 15-percent lower rolling resistance per axle position than the most commonly used tires in that size, providing 3-percent or greater fuel savings, according to Bynum.\nThe EPA reviews and publishes a list of SmartWay-approved tires on its Web site and plans to add technical verification/verified products pages to the site, she said. SmartWay also is working with the retread industry to develop a comparable SmartWay specification for retread tires, she said.\nTire manufacturers use different test methods to certify fuel efficiency for SmartWay, Bynum said. These include the J1269 tire rolling resistance test and the J1321 vehicle fuel economy test, both from the Japan Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association. Tire makers can use vehicle averaging in the J1269 test, as long as at least one tire meets the target figure, she said.\nThe International Standards Organization should unveil its 28580 rolling resistance test sometime around October of this year, Bynum said. “We want all manufacturers to use this method because it will end variability,” she said.\nPurchasing fuel-efficient tires and equipment is expensive, particularly for smaller companies, Bynum said. In recognition of this, SmartWay developed the SmartWay Finance Center at www.smartwayfinancecenter.com.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1039025"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7027389407157898,"wiki_prob":0.7027389407157898,"text":"Videos • Latest\n• Breaking News\n• Opinions\nChina Talk\n• Feature\n• Entertainment\n• Sports • Your Videos\nYou are here: Home > Video > Features\nBai Fangli: Selfless donation to poor students\n0 Comment(s) Print E-mail CNTV, February 15, 2012\nThe last instalment of Unsung Heroes series is one hero provided financial help to poor students. But this is no millionaire -- he made a living by pedalling a pedicab. Bai Fangli donated a total of 350,000 yuan to help more than 300 poor students continue with their studies. In 2005, he passed away at the age of 93.\nFor almost twenty years, to save up for his donations, Bai Fangli peddled his pedicab everyday.\nHis devotion started in 1987 when he was 74 years old. Bai had prepared to retire and say goodbye to his job.\nBut after coming back to his hometown, a group of children working in the field aroused his attention.\nBai's daughter, Bai Jinfeng said:\" He asked why the children didn't go to school. And our relatives told him that it was because they were too poor to afford tuition. My father was worried so he decided to donate 5,000 yuan to the schools in our hometown. But for him, it was all he owned.\"\nAs soon as he returned to Tianjin, Bai went back to work. All of his earnings went to support the needy students.\nHis sons and daughters tried to persuade him to change his mind, as they wanted him to enjoy a relaxing life. But the father turned a deaf ear to them.\nBai Jinfeng also said:\" At that time, he went out at dawn and wouldn't return until darkness fell. He earned 20 to 30 yuan each day. After returning home, he put his earnings in a place carefully.\"\nBai had always felt regretful that he was illiterate. So he hoped the next generation could change their destiny with education.\nLater on, to increase his effort to assist students in need, Bai moved to a simple room near the Tianjin Railway Station. He waited for clients 24 hours a day, ate simple food and wore discarded second-hand clothes he found.\nAt the age of 82 years old, to his children's surprise, Bai made another decision.\nHe founded an education support fund with the help of loans.\nBut his life driving a pedicab continued.\nXu Xiuxiang, one of the workers of Education Support Fund, said:\" He never forgot when to give money to the schools and often urged us to give his earnings to the school. Each time he gave the money he felt very happy and said he had completed his mission again.\"\nIn 2001, he drove his pedicab to Tianjin YaoHua Middle School, to delivering his last installment of money. Nearly 90 years old, he told the students that he couldn't work any more. All of the students and teachers were moved to tears.\nBai Fangli said:\" I hope the students could study hard and get a good job, and then make contributions to our country.\"\nA long journey of supporting and aiding students lasted two decades.\nIn 2005, he was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer.\nAlthough he had kept none of his earnings for himself, he was left with his selfless spirit and love.\nBai Fangli donated a total of 350,000 yuan to help more than 300 poor students continue with their studies.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1417029"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5752658843994141,"wiki_prob":0.42473411560058594,"text":"Warrant Out For San Jose Real Estate Agent Accused In $500K Scam\nFiled Under:Amalek Elyassnia, Arrest warrant, Crime, Fraud, Grand theft, Real Estate, Real Estate Fraud, San Jose\nAmalek Elyassnia, a San Jose real estate agent, is accused of scamming investors out of $500,000. (San Jose Police Department)Amalek Elyassnia, a San Jose real estate agent, is accused of scamming investors out of $500,000. (San Jose Police Department)\nSAN JOSE (CBS SF) — An arrest warrant has been issued for a San Jose real estate agent charged with scamming victims in a deal involving a building in Modesto, prosecutors said Friday.\nAmalek Elyassnia is wanted on 10 charges of grand theft filed by the Santa Clara County District Attorney’s Office on April 22, Deputy District Attorney Katharina Wells said.\nProsecutors allege that Elyassnia scammed a number of people out of about $500,000 after persuading them to invest in a medical office building in Modesto that did not exist, Wells said.\nThe district attorney’s office is urging anyone with information about where Elyassnia is to call District Attorney Investigator John Carrillo at (408) 792-2977.\n(Copyright 2013 by CBS San Francisco and Bay City News Service. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line187209"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5845017433166504,"wiki_prob":0.4154982566833496,"text":"What is a building permit?\nA building permit is a license which grants legal permission to start construction of a building. Permits allow the enforcement of codes, standards, and bylaws which have been adopted by the local or provincial governing body. The enforcement of the building code standards and bylaws is carried out to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public. The governing body which enforces the code is acting to assure safe construction.\nWhy a building permit?\nA building permit provides the means for building officials to protect the public by reducing the potential hazards of unsafe construction and is therefore ensuring public health, safety, and welfare. A building permit helps the public understand what the local or provincial laws are in relation to the construction of a building. Before any construction or any re-modelling work begins applications for a permit should be made. The building permit provides the means for the building official to inspect construction, ensure minimum standards are met, and appropriate materials are used.\nA building permit is required prior to most construction. A fee is charged for all building permits.\nContact the Preeceville Town Office at 1-306-547-2810 to find out if your building project will require a Permit.\nPermits expire after 6 months from date of issue but may be renewed for a further 6 months without fee.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1445570"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7352045774459839,"wiki_prob":0.7352045774459839,"text":"Natures AidHealthNatures Aid & AFC Fylde Commercial Partnership Announcement\nNatures Aid & AFC Fylde Commercial Partnership Announcement\nNatures Aid are delighted to announce a partnership with AFC Fylde – the football team of the Fylde Coast. The partnership will see Natures Aid take a presence at Mill Farm, and within the team’s match day programme. We will also be the main match sponsor for this Saturday’s top of the table clash against Kidderminster Harriers!\nNatures Aid have supplied the AFC Fylde first team squad with supplements and vitamins crucial to aiding recovery between games for the remainder of this season. The partnership has been welcomed by AFC Fylde manager Dave Challinor who commented, “We’d like to thank Natures Aid for their support, it’s brilliant to be working with a locally based company with a great experience who can offer their products and expert advice to the lads on the run in to the end of the season.”\nTim Gaunt, Technical Director at Natures Aid said; “I am delighted to be working with the players from AFC Fylde with regards to creating a nutritional programme to help achieve optimal performance. The team have a clear goal and I hope that providing the right supplements and advice will help them to achieve this. The supplements that we are using with the players are designed to help them recover more quickly from their training sessions and the games that they play and also provide them with the energy to continue to perform at the same high levels that they have achieved so far this season.”\nThe partnership has also been welcomed by AFC Fylde Commercial Manager, David Broadbent, “We are delighted to be partnering up with Natures Aid. They are a prominent, locally based, business and employer with very similar values to those of the Club in that they are embedded within the community and are continuously looking to grow. The supplements provided by Natures Aid will prove to be a huge benefit to the AFC Fylde first team as we continue our push for the title and I’d like to thank Chris and Tim for their help and enthusiasm for working with AFC Fylde to develop this partnership over the last couple of weeks and it’s a partnership we’re all excited about.”\nFrom left to right: Caspar Hughes, Brendon Daniels, Dan Bradley, Chris Morrey (Natures Aid), David Broadbent, Dom Collins, Tony Thompson and David Morgan.\nAFC Fylde are currently sitting top of the National League North, seeking promotion to the National League for the first time in their history, with the aim of reaching the football league by 2022.\nTo find out more about our new partners, visit their website: www.afcfylde.co.uk","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1791669"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7352906465530396,"wiki_prob":0.26470935344696045,"text":"Ecological transition: the ECB and budgetary authorities referred to their responsibilities\nOllivier Bodin\nby Michael Vincent\nFinancial stability expert, President of Greentervention (for the green and social transition)\nby Ollivier Bodin\nThe 2018/19 European Semester, which coordinates the member states’ economic policies every year, has just been launched. This provides an opportunity to question the contribution of the mix of monetary and budgetary policies to the ecological transition. Paradoxically, it appears it is the ECB that is most advanced in this reflection.\nA recent speech by Benoît Cœuré, a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, indeed reports on a quiet revolution in the conduct of monetary policy. According to Cœuré, monetary policy is apparently affected by global warming in three ways. Firstly, new kinds of shock on the economy are emerging whose identification and understanding pose serious problems. In addition, there is uncertainty as to the economic effects of regulations adopted to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Secondly, climate change increases the frequency of natural disasters whose impact may require monetary policies outside the norm. Thirdly, climate change leads to major and lasting changes in physical and human conditions, notably migration flows, whose effects on economic activity and prices will be difficult to determine.\nThe Central Bank’s primary mandate is monetary stability. It is not on the front line to fight against global warming. However, Cœuré suggests that while pursuing its main objective, the Central Bank can make an important contribution through its policy of directing certain green financing towards “green” investments. By identifying climate change as a major risk for the eurozone, Benoît Cœuré is drawing a new responsibility for the ECB that is clearly of a political nature. The ECB’s consideration of this issue is welcome. But, as highlighted in his speech, this new responsibility without new accountability can arouse criticism. To whom, for example, is the Bank accountable when it decides to favour the fight against climate change over safeguarding jobs in the automotive industry? At a time when the ECB’s political role in crisis resolution is welcomed by some, but regularly contested by others, whether in Germany or Italy, the central banker’s approach to the ecological issue will undoubtedly be questioned.\nWith his speech, Benoît Cœuré particularly lays the responsibility on politicians who have budgetary and regulatory tools at their disposal. In the absence of a substantial European budget, the combination of national budgetary policies is crucial. The Commission has just adopted the “Annual Growth Survey” which sets out general priorities for the whole EU, and a “recommendation for the euro area”. This year, the climate emergency is taken much better into account in the Annual Growth Survey than in previous years. It is to be hoped that this will ultimately be reflected in the country-specific recommendations. The climate emergency does not feature, however, in the recommendation for the euro area, which continues to be dominated by the so-called excessive budget deficit and excessive macroeconomic imbalances procedures. These procedures, codified after the 2008 crises and from the start of the decade, focus on financial and debt indicators, and completely ignore the impact of the risks posed by global warming on economic and financial stability.\nThe climate emergency does not feature, however, in the recommendation for the euro area, which continues to be dominated by the so-called excessive budget deficit and excessive macroeconomic imbalances procedures.\nThe “excessive macroeconomic imbalances procedure” is triggered in the event of financial imbalances or external (current accounts, competitiveness) or internal relative prices (private and public debt, price of certain assets). The analysis “takes account” of the employment situation but disregards the progress to be made towards the energy transition. This is all the more harmful given that all public policies, including those that can have a direct or indirect impact on the energy transition, are likely to be called to the rescue in the event of excessive imbalances. Yet the assessment of a country, for example, with a current account surplus above 6% of GDP (one of the only alert thresholds) and a balanced budget – and the economic policy recomendations thus made to it – should not be the same all the ways. It should depend, for example, on whether it is experiencing growing wage inequality and/or whether it is on a path that will enable it to achieve the 2030 carbon goals, or not. Or the assessment of private sector credit growth exceeding the alert threshold and the recommendations should be different depending on whether it involves the assessment of consumer credit, or financing for investments in the energy efficiency of housing linked to public aid in a country lagging behind on the energy transition goals. The five-yearly report on the implementation of this procedure, which is due out in 2019, will be an opportunity to start thinking about the integration of the climate emergency into this procedure.\nIt should depend, for example, on whether it is experiencing growing wage inequality and/or whether it is on a path that will enable it to achieve the 2030 carbon goals, or not.\nThe “excessive budget deficits procedure” does not take account of the challenges of energy transition either. Only the main budgetary aggregates are at issue here. Yet in the long term, better resilience to climate shocks reduces the risks that would be linked to the debt level. By focusing exclusively on debt reduction, the procedure does not encourage arbitrating in the short term in favour of support for public or private investment that would strengthen this resilience and have a beneficial effect on public finance in the long term. For sure, margins of flexibility exist within the procedure that enable certain investments to be deducted before comparing the deficit to the benchmark. But the definition of these margins should be revised to favour investments and spending that have a verifiable impact on the greening of the economy.\nThe procedures set up after the financial crisis to coordinate the economic policies of the European Union’s member states are no longer adapted to the urgency of the climate change challenge. It is urgent to review the way this works. Before becoming technical, the debate will have to be political and brought during the electoral campaign in order to be picked up by the next Parliament and next Commission.\nOllivier Bodin est économiste.\nMichael Vincent est expert en régulation financière et membre de l’observatoire de l’économie de la Fondation Jean-Jaurès.\nDebates Next Economy Next EnvironmentClimate change EU budget Eurozone Future of Europe\nCan the integration plan lead to greater coherence in EU migration policy?\nAndrea Stocchiero\nIn recent years, particularly since the 2015 crisis, European political, media and public discussion has focused on the migration issue at the borders of the Union. Not least on the borders with Belarus. The divisions between member countries and the instrumentalisation of the debate for the purpose of consensus for power has increased social polarisation […]\nNext Social spotlightsBelarus crisis European Social Fund European Union European values inclusion Integration Migration Migration and Integration Fund New Pact on Migration and Asylum Racism Regular Immigration Social cohesion\nBrexit after 2021\nFederico Fabbrini\n2021 has been a year of passage for Brexit – the process of the United Kingdom (UK) withdrawal from the European Union (EU) – but the Promised Land, much hailed by the Brexiteers, seems increasingly a faraway mirage. On the one hand, 2021 marked yet another step in the process of UK detachment from the […]\nBrexit Debates Progressive Page spotlightsback control Brexit Budget EU borders European Union Ireland level playing field Northern Irland Pandemic Trade and Cooperation Agreement United Kingdom Withdrawal Agreement\nExploited and marginalised: obstacles to integration and inclusion for migrant workers in care and agriculture\nGerry Mitchell\nLiran Morav\nThe pandemic has reminded the public that the EU relies on migrants to fill so-called ‘low-skilled’ but essential jobs and services in healthcare, food production, childcare, elderly care, and critical utilities. Migrants make up, on average, 13 per cent of the EU’s key workers. This share is almost zero in Romania, Bulgaria and Poland, but […]\nDebates Next Socialagriculture Austerity COVID-19 Economy Eurobarometer European Commission European Union Labour Migration Policymakers population Social cohesion Social rights Spain","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line427259"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5140461921691895,"wiki_prob":0.48595380783081055,"text":"HomeIran News NowIran Human RightsIran: New Arrests of Political Prisoners Reveal the Regime’s Insecurity\nIran News NowIran Human Rights\nIran: New Arrests of Political Prisoners Reveal the Regime’s Insecurity\nWritten by Mansoureh Galestan\nThere have been reports in recent days of former Iranian political prisoners being re-incarcerated. Furthermore, some reports point to a much broader strategy of harassment, with the families of known activists being caught up in the latest crackdown by the Iranian regime’s authorities. Much of that harassment has been squarely focused on the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI-MEK)\nIn the final days of 2017, protests against worsening economic conditions gave rise to a nationwide uprising, which featured provocative anti-government slogans and explicit calls for regime change. In the midst of that uprising, the regime’s supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, delivered a speech that attributed this messaging to the social influence and growing organizational strength of the MEK.\nSeveral dozen peaceful protesters were killed over the course of January 2018, and several political prisoners have since been executed for taking part in this and subsequent anti-government protests that same year. Tehran’s fear of the uprising also led to the regime targeting foreign affiliates of the MEK and utilizing a terrorist network within Iranian embassies toward that end. In July 2018, a high-ranking Iranian diplomat was arrested by German authorities after being identified as the mastermind of a foiled plot to bomb the annual gathering of Iranian expatriates organized near Paris by the National Council of Resistance of Iran.\nThe latest crackdown on dissent inside Iran is an extension of all these activities, but it is also a response to their repeated failure. This defiance took on new dimensions in November 2019 when the regime’s announcement of a spike in gas prices turned out to be the spark for an even larger nationwide uprising.\nFor just over a week in the middle of that month, furious protests took place in nearly 200 cities and towns, featuring many of the same slogans as had defined the previous uprising. The second protest movement would have surely lasted longer than the first, if not for the fact that it immediately met with what may have been the worst political repression Iran has seen in more than 30 years.\nUnsurprisingly, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps took the lead in that repression, firing live ammunition into crowds and recognizably shooting to kill. The NCRI released reports indicating that 1,500 people had been killed across a number of cities, while 4,000 more had been wounded and 12,000 arrested. Since then, it has been revealed that a number of those arrestees are facing the death penalty, while all those who are still behind bars are at serious risk of torture, Covid-19 infection, and medical neglect.\nThe death toll from last November’s IRGC shooting incidents pales in comparison to the 1988 massacre of political prisoners, but 1,500 is a shocking number of civilian casualties by any objective standard. In fact, supporters of the Iranian Resistance have expressed concern that Tehran may have gauged the international response to last year’s killings in order to determine whether it can expect to get away with further killings, which might push the death toll closer to the record set in 1988. And if this is the case, it must be acknowledged that the international community has so far given the regime little incentive to change course and spare the lives of political dissidents.\nOn November 11 alone, agents of Iran’s Intelligence Ministry conducted raids on the homes of several activists and former political prisoners, including Saeed Asghari, Saeed Samimi, and Kasra Bani-Ameriyan. Those three individuals had all previously been detained in March 2018, when the regime was still reeling from the effects of the initial uprising. They had all been subjected to two months of interrogation before being released on bond, and their re-arrest does not appear to be based on anything other than a desire to exert more pressure on those whom the regime fears may still make trouble or contribute to unrest.\nIt is probably no coincidence that the raids in question coincided very closely with the anniversary of the November 2019 uprising. The Iranian Resistance has made strong efforts to commemorate that anniversary over the past two weeks and to memorialize the 1,500 victims of the IRGC’s reprisals. But when they have tried to do so in public spaces inside Iran, their efforts were obstructed by regime authorities, who even went so far as to close cemeteries where some of the victims were interred. Such actions betray the regime’s awareness of the symbolic significance of the anniversary, as well as the underlying danger that unrest could resume at any time.\nRegime officials have acknowledged that danger themselves, sometimes identifying the MEK by name in its warnings about the explosive state of Iranian society. It is therefore little surprise that figures like Alireza Salar and Seyyed Reza Zargar have recently been arrested. Both of these individuals had loved ones who were members of the MEK in the 1980s before they were executed on political grounds. In reopening these wounds, the regime seems to be signaling that it fears the November anniversary will shine a light on simmering outrage not just over last year’s killings but also over the entire history of repression by the regime.\nNaturally, Tehran’s reaction to the anniversary puts countless activists at risk. But if that risk can be mitigated, the potential for another uprising could present the regime with its greatest challenge yet. Western powers could help to realize that challenge, and all they would need to do is uphold their own commitments to universal human rights.\nToward that end, the NCRI issued a statement in response to recent arrests, in which it urged “the United Nations Secretary-General, the Human Rights Council, the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the UN Special Rapporteurs, and all human rights organizations to take urgent action to secure the release of political prisoners” and to establish “an international fact-finding commission to visit Iran’s prisons and meet with prisoners, especially political prisoners.”\nMEK-Iran\nIran Human Rights\nPrevious articleThe Iranian Resistance, the Prime Target of the Mullahs’ Terror Machine\nNext articleIran: Coronavirus Update, Over 165,200 Deaths, November 23, 2020, 6:00 PM CET\nPersecution of Iranian Christians Accelerated in 2021 as Part of Broader Repressive Trend\nIran’s COVID-19 Death Toll Surpasses 500,000. Was It Preventable?\nIran Opposition & Resistance\nIran: The Killing Field for Athletes and National Heroes","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1288824"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7239438891410828,"wiki_prob":0.27605611085891724,"text":"Visiting National Trust Properties (Dorset) in Summer 2020 with Phased Re-openings\nOver the last few weeks, the UK has started to lift restrictions and more of our favourite places are becoming accessible again. National Trust has opened more than 100 of their parklands and gardens but visits need to be pre-booked so they can limit the number of visitors.\nTickets can be pre-booked each Friday via their website and you can pick a slot which suits you. The more popular locations such as Stourhead are getting fully booked almost immediately but we have managed to book tickets for Corfe Castle and Kingston Lacy here in Dorset without any problems. Members and non-members can pre-book but non-members will have to pay in advance. For us as members, we just had to enter our membership number and our spaces were booked. When booking you have to pick a 30 minute arrival time but there are no restrictions on how long you stay, although they cannot guarantee entry if you're late for your slot.\nOur first place we visited was Kingston Lacy (we've been twice recently) and we love it here, the grounds are so pretty and the kids love the space to run around! When we arrived in the car park there was a member of staff who ticked our name off the list and that was it, we didn't need to show our membership card.\nOur timeslot was 2pm and it was very quiet, although there were cars in the overflow too. We followed the path in and there were clear signs regarding the walks around the garden and woodland trail. There was a one-way system in place which worked well. There were lots of families enjoying the sunshine but it was very easy to maintain a distance, even on the paths.\nThe Kitchen Garden is currently closed but we still had a pleasant walk around, passing the Japanese Garden and the beautiful meadow area. I've never actually seen the meadow in bloom like this, the daisys were so pretty.\nThe children enjoyed climbing trees, rolling down the hill on the front lawn, and best of all, playing hide and seek in the long grass!\nThe cafe was open on both our visits but just as a takeaway, there is no seating in the stables and the picnic tables have been moved onto the grassy area near the entrance. The toilets were also open and there was extra sanitiser available.\nCorfe Castle is another favourite of ours and we were so excited to visit again. We arranged to meet some friends there and we both booked our tickets on the Friday before with no issues.\nWhen we arrived in Corfe, I did notice that the carpark was very quiet and I assume this was because of restricted numbers in the castle. The visitors centre and toilets were also closed.\nIt's a really pleasant walk from the carpark, the path takes you around the foot of the castle and it's away from the road so alot safer for the children. There's a great little trim trail to climb along too which my kids love!\nOnce at the castle, we gave our names to the member of staff at the ticket tent and we were ticked off the list. Like Kingston Lacy, we didn't need to show our tickets or membership number.\nOur visit to the castle was much like previous visits however there is a one way route to follow around certain parts. This worked well and due to the low number of visitors, we didn't feel rushed. The children were able to explore and have as much fun as normal!\nIf you fancy a treat after your visit, the National Trust tearooms are open (public toilets too!), We decided to order fish & chips from The Greyhound pub which is right outside the entrance to Corfe Castle. We weren't able to sit in the beer garden as there were still restrictions in place when we visited, but we were allowed to take our food back into the Castle grounds where there were tables and chairs available.\nLunch with a view!\nIt's fantastic that the National Trust have put all these measures in place so visitors can still enjoy a day out at their many properties. If you are thinking about booking a visit then I would definitely recommend going online as early as possible on a Friday morning to give you more chance of getting tickets.\nFor more information, please visit https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/\nLabels: corfe castle, days out, dorset, family days out, kingston lacy, National Trust\nVisiting National Trust Properties (Dorset) in Su...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line517278"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7680559754371643,"wiki_prob":0.7680559754371643,"text":"Fix-It and Enjoy-It Healthy Cookbook\n400 Great Stove-Top And Oven Recipes\nPhyllis Good\nSpiral bound (10/1/2011)\nHardcover (1/1/2009)\nSpiral bound (5/7/2013)\nNew York Times Bestselling author. Over 400 recipes for stove-top and oven—vegetables; whole grains and pastas; beef, pork, poultry, seafood, vegetables, soups, breakfasts, breads, and more.\nHere are delicious recipes that are easy to prepare. And they're healthy! New York Times bestselling author Phyllis Pellman Good with the support of the world-famous Mayo Clinic come together to offer irresistibly tasty recipes that are easy to prepare and nutritious in the bargain! Just \"fix it and enjoy it!\"\nFix-It and Enjoy-It Healthy Cookbook is packed with more than 400 recipes for stove-top and oven cooking. \"I am dedicated to offering recipes that make it possible to eat at home, even if you don't have much time, or radiant cooking skills!\" says Good. \"Here are hundreds of ‘make-it-again' recipes from great home cooks—with nutritional punch! \"I am delighted to have teamed up with Mayo Clinic, whose dietitians have analyzed all the recipes for their nutritional value. Together, we've adapted the recipes to fit within Mayo Clinic's Healthy Weight Pyramid.\"\nEach delicious recipe includes Prep Time, Cooking/Baking Time, its own nutrient analysis, and its number of Pyramid servings. A treasury of more than 400 tasty, HEALTHY recipes! Enjoy it!\nSkyhorse Publishing, along with our Good Books and Arcade imprints, is proud to publish a broad range of cookbooks, including books on juicing, grilling, baking, frying, home brewing and winemaking, slow cookers, and cast iron cooking. We’ve been successful with books on gluten-free cooking, vegetarian and vegan cooking, paleo, raw foods, and more. Our list includes French cooking, Swedish cooking, Austrian and German cooking, Cajun cooking, as well as books on jerky, canning and preserving, peanut butter, meatballs, oil and vinegar, bone broth, and more. While not every title we publish becomes a New York Times bestseller or a national bestseller, we are committed to books on subjects that are sometimes overlooked and to authors whose work might not otherwise find a home.\nGood Books, 9781561486427, 284pp.\nPhyllis Good is a New York Times bestselling author whose books have sold more than 12 million copies. She is the original author of the Fix-It and Forget-It cookbook series, Lancaster Central Market Cookbook, Favorite Recipes with Herbs, and The Best of Amish Cooking. Her commitment is to make it possible for everyone to cook who would like to, whatever their age. Good spends her time writing, editing books, and cooking new recipes. She lives in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line952987"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8858010768890381,"wiki_prob":0.8858010768890381,"text":"May 18, 2017, by Crafty Pint\nAustralia's small and independent brewers today voted \"overwhelmingly\" to remove large brewers from their national trade body in a move that has been widely expected for the past few months. It means that what was the Craft Beer Industry Association (CBIA) becomes the Independent Brewers Association.\nThe decision was confirmed at a meeting this morning in Melbourne, at which it was announced that more than the required 75 percent of members voted in favour of the move. It means that no brewing company more than 20 percent owned by a large brewery or other businesses that hold significant brewery holdings in Australia or overseas is eligible for membership. The upper limit on size is set at 40 million litres per annum.\nIn practical terms, this means brewing companies including Mountain Goat (Asahi), Matilda Bay (CUB/AB InBev), Little Creatures, Malt Shovel and White Rabbit (all Lion/Kirin) can no longer become members. Anticipating the move in March, Lion issued a statement from Chuck Hahn announcing its craft brands were quitting the association.\nCBIA chair Peta Fielding, who is also a co-owner of Burleigh Brewing, told The Crafty Pint: \"It's about an industry association representing businesses that need it. It's pretty clear that the big guys don't need us lobbying on their behalf. It's laughable.\"\nShe added: \"We had to draw the line somewhere. No matter where we put that line, we all [as members] had to come to a point where we agreed. We started to take the approach that we can't define a place that will work for every single scenario for eternity. If in ten or 20 years time that line isn't appropriate then the board at the time can look at it again.\"\nDriving the current move was a consensus within the association that larger breweries have the \"size, scale and capital\" to be able to influence the market whereas smaller, independent breweries would need to work together in order to do so.\nNow that they have struck out on their own, the IBA's initial focus will be fourfold:\nPresenting a unified voice for small, independent Australian breweries\nDelivering results through advocacy on issues such as market access, excise and licensing issues\nDelivering value for members through relationships with the association's sponsors\n\"[On issues like] market access, there's always been mixed messages,\" said executive officer Chris McNamara. \"Now we can really prosecute the case.\"\nToday's move is also likely to see a number of breweries that either never joined CBIA due to opposition to its original membership structure or who dropped out over the issue become members of the new look body.\n\"In the five years [since the CBIA was initially formed], there has been a lot of change in the marketplace and it probably was right to step back and look at this,\" added Peta. \"As a board we went back to the membership base to understand is this the broadly held view or a few noisy voices and overwhelmingly the sense we got back was it's time to have a discussion.\"\nThat discussion led to a proposal being put to members and, ultimately, to today's vote. UPDATE: The result of the vote was 134 in favour, two against.\n\"It was a really difficult path to tread,\" she added. \"We're very lucky there's a camaraderie and respect and sharing of knowledge [in the industry] which is pretty special. We wanted to make sure this process didn't put any of that into jeopardy. There's still that absolute respect and love for the people in the industry.\"\nDescribing the craft beer industry as \"a shining light in Australian manufacturing\", a statement announcing today's move highlighted that there are now more than 400 small, independent brewing businesses in Australia, up from just 200 when the association began five years ago, and that the industry directly employs more than 2,100 people and generates an estimated $655 million in economic output.\nAcknowledging \"the significant contributions the larger brewers made as founding members of the Craft Beer Industry Association”, Peta told The Crafty Pint that, following today's vote: \"It feels much clearer as to who we are representing and what we can do.\"\nAs the beer industry becomes ever more competitive, complex and challenging, members will no doubt be looking forward to seeing what this clarity of purpose delivers for Australia's small, independent producers and those who support them.\ncbia independent brewers association iba independence\nCrafty's Advent Calendar: Kate & Shev\nThey're the dictionary definition of work hard, play hard and continue to make an indelible mark on the Melbourne and wider Australian beer community. Behind door 16, it's the irrepressible Kate and Shev. read on\nWhat Next For Indie Beer?\nThe sale of the Fermentum Group to Lion raises a number of question, not least what it means for the indie beer sector. We've been speaking to people in the beer industry to see what they make of the move. read on\nThe Big Issue: Ownership Revisited III\nClose to 100 brewing companies have licensed the IBA's independence seal since its launch in May. We contacted the US Brewers Association, whose campaign inspired it, to find out how they are driving the message in the States. read on","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line345668"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.87237548828125,"wiki_prob":0.87237548828125,"text":"Spotlight: Pre-Whiz Kid Whiz\nPatrick Cox | From the April 1984 issue\nIt is unlikely that your life has not been affected by Andrew F. Kay. Though he has recently come to the attention of the business and computer world as the president of Kaypro, Inc., a leading maker of portable personal computers, Kay's influence on our lives is much broader and significant.\nKay's education, an undergraduate degree from MIT and a nearly completed masters in mathematics from Case Institute of Technology, had been cut short by the onset of World War II. During the war, he worked in military-related scientific research and production of such items as automatic pilots. Then, in 1952, after an argument with his employer, a manufacturer of \"war machines,\" Kay decided to move into other areas, and he formed his own company, Non-Linear Systems.\nAn early project at the new company was to build a \"digital volt meter\"—an instrument that would measure electrical voltage digitally rather than in analog form (the basis of the traditional needle meter)—which Kay started marketing in 1953. The digital readout device on your wristwatch and stereo—and on nearly every important scientific instrument in the world—springs from the mind of Andy Kay, as he is known. Electronic Design magazine has credited Kay for starting the digital revolution, and USA Today recently named Kay's invention as one of the 10 most important inventions that led to the computer age.\nOne of Kay's sons—both of whom are vice-presidents at Kaypro—describes his father as a Renaissance man. On the list of clichés, Renaissance man ranks near the top, but in this case the phrase fits; for Kay is noted for another aspect of his business career besides his technical contributions—his management theories have been discussed in textbooks for almost 30 years. Kay has long been a believer in the theory that freedom engenders efficiency and prosperity. He attributes that belief in part to a 10-year period he served on a school board, during which he saw the way tenure was awarded or denied by bureaucracy. He also had worked in factories where all decisions came down from the top, leading to what Kay describes as \"the stultification of people's desire to excel.\"\nDuring the '60s, Kay's company attracted international attention for its participatory management style. Business Week called the firm \"a laboratory for the behavioral sciences…a proving ground for some of the newest concepts in 'permissive management.'\" Vance Packard described Non-Linear Systems in a Reader's Digest article as \"one of the most revolutionary companies in America.\" The famous MIT management professor Douglas MacGregor was an ardent fan of Kay's non-authoritarian technique, and psychologist Abraham Maslow researched his landmark book Eupsychian Management at Kay's plant. In effect, Kay invented an American form of what is now called \"Japanese management.\" In fact, during the '60s dozens of Japanese managers spent time on-site studying Kay's management techniques.\nIt is odd that American technologies and theories have been better accepted in Japan than in the United States. Even though his company had always been successful, Kay found investors hard to come by when he decided to make a move into personal computers. The money he borrowed was expensive.\nLast July, the company changed its name to Kaypro. Its computers had hit the market and made headlines in the computer trade, but because of Kaypro's unorthodox style, Kay's decision to go public with a stock offering met with skepticism from institutions and analysts.\nInstitutions, which usually buy 50 percent of similar stock offerings, only bought 12 percent of Kaypro's. Michelle Preston, a Wall Street Journal analyst, was, according to Kay, amazed to learn that Kaypro spent less than 10 percent of gross sales on marketing. The industry usually spends at least 20 percent. Similarly, Kaypro baffled the experts because its manufacturing-expense overhead was only about 100 percent while the usual ratio is three times that. \"We have very little of what are called 'white-collar workers,' and our blue-collar work force is very high,\" Kay explains. \"We don't follow the ratios at all, and the fact that I was 64 didn't help.\" The planned sale of 5 million shares was ultimately cut back to 4 million. Still, among companies that make computers costing more than $1,000, Kaypro is the fourth-largest in unit production.\nKay's anti-authoritarian philosophy does not only apply to business. \"We have no drawings of the assembly process or formal plans,\" he says, \"but we do have goals. When people who want to work are free to do what they want, the results are remarkable. But our government seems to work against those tendencies. Once we became visible this year, we were visited by seven or eight government agencies in the space of 90 days. One agency is making me get a permit that I was supposed to have 17 years ago.\"\n\"Computers are tools of autonomy,\" Kay says. \"They enable people to hide from bureaucrats. They will create more individual liberty as people gain power over the details of life that now take so much energy.\" Kay says that he has used his own computer to help make his firm's product cheaper and more accessible to the consumer. One has to wonder what he would be doing if he had started out with those \"tools of autonomy.\" Fortunately, we can take advantage of all that he has already done.\nPatrick Cox is a frequent guest columnist for USA Today and public affairs director of the Pacific Institute for Public Policy Research.\nThis article originally appeared in print under the headline \"Spotlight: Pre-Whiz Kid Whiz\".\nNEXT: Spotlight: Ecologist cum Economist","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1129734"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5501422882080078,"wiki_prob":0.5501422882080078,"text":"The Ethics Around Writing in the Voice of Another: An Interview with Paisley Rekdal\nDecember 1, 2021 / Interviewed by Barbara Platts\nAn award-winning poet and nonfiction writer, Paisley Rekdal is the author of four nonfiction books and five books of poetry, including The Night My Mother Met Bruce Lee, The Broken Country: On Trauma, a Crime, and the Continuing Legacy of Vietnam, Nightingale, and more. Her latest book, Appropriate explores the definition of cultural appropriation, asking if it’s always wrong to write in the voice of another and, if not, what questions we need to consider before doing so.\nRekdal’s work has received a Guggenheim Fellowship, the Amy Lowell Poetry Traveling Fellowship, a Fulbright Fellowship, a Civitella Ranieri Residency, a National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship, Pushcart Prizes, Narrative’s Poetry Prize, the AWP Creative Nonfiction Prize, and various state arts council awards. Her poems and essays have appeared in The New York Times Magazine, American Poetry Review, The Kenyon Review, Poetry, The New Republic, Tin House, the Best American Poetry series, and on National Public Radio, among others.\nShe moved to Utah in 2002 and is a distinguished professor at the University of Utah, where she is also the creator and editor of West: A Translation, as well as the community web projects Mapping Literary Utah and Mapping Salt Lake City. In May 2017, she was named Utah’s Poet Laureate and received a 2019 Academy of American Poets’ Poets Laureate Fellowship.\nI spoke to Rekdal about her new book, what it’s like to be a poet laureate, how her dad encouraged her to read advanced literature from a young age, the line between acceptable appropriation and racism, and much more.\nBarbara Platts: You are both a poet and a nonfiction writer. How are these two genres different for you? How are they the same? Do you prefer one over the other?\nPaisley Rekdal: I don’t prefer one over the other. They are quite different in the fact that they allow for different types of information to be imagined and communicated. They are the same in the sense that both of them have a wide variety of modes attached to them. You don’t write just one poem. You can learn to write an elegy, an ode, a sonnet. In nonfiction writing you have science writing, philosophy, cultural criticism, memoir, personal essays. There’s just so many different types and kinds of ways you can approach this, offering endless formal opportunities and complexity.\nBP: Can you share a bit about your own writing practice?\nPR: I tend to write in almost obsessive bursts now. I started out writing half an hour a day, and then I built it up to forty-five minutes, then to an hour, then two hours a day. Then I changed it up to five days a week and two days off so I could make sure I didn’t overwrite something and I had some time off. And now it’s just really tough to get a daily writing practice in with teaching and research, I’ve got to do lots of other types of work. I think of them as writing adjacent.\nBP: As students, we’re often told to cultivate a daily writing practice. That’s probably very good to do at first, but I imagine one can veer from that once they get used to it?\nPR: And once it becomes a bodily desire. When you’ve written for as many years as I have, and you’re used to writing, you want to write, you miss it, you miss it the same way you miss exercising, and you don’t feel good if you haven’t done it for a while.\nWhen you’ve written for as many years as I have, and you’re used to writing, you want to write, you miss it, you miss it the same way you miss exercising, and you don’t feel good if you haven’t done it for a while.\nBP: How did your latest book Appropriate come to be?\nPR:Well, it was a book I hadn’t planned to write at all. It actually evolved out of a Facebook post, of all things. Anders Carlson-Wee had just published his poem in The Nation, and it caused quite the ruckus. I had just that week happened to be reading Claudia Rankine and Beth Loffreda’s book The Racial Imaginary. In the book, they ask if we can think about this in terms, not of rights or desires, but what are we trying to say via these kinds of appropriated figures? I thought that was a great way of reframing the question. I applied that to the reading of Carlson Wee’s poem and an editor from Norton actually contacted me and asked if I’d be interested in writing a book about cultural appropriation. Initially I thought that sounded like a terrible idea. But the reality is, if you teach, you’re going to have a conversation about appropriation because appropriation contains within it so many different literary practices, such as adaptation and motif appropriation. There’s also subject appropriation, which is when we write from the perspective or about the lives of people not like us. Finally, there’s cultural appropriation where we might do some really damaging work that mines these stereotypes about other people. All of us engage with at least some of these practices, knowing or unknowingly. What does it mean to write about your life as it intersects with other people’s? And if you’re inspired by a story you see out there, whether it’s in the news or your friend’s lives, do you have the right to take it? So, it felt dishonest to say I didn’t want to write this book when I’ve been personally thinking about these topics for years, not just as a writer, but as a teacher presented with these kinds of questions by students who are trying to “do the right thing all the time,” but don’t necessarily know what the right thing is, as it seems to change moment by moment, as our ideas about what is creative freedom itself change moment by moment. It was funny because, as I was writing the book, it made me articulate ideas to myself I had taken as commonplace. I realized that maybe I didn’t even hold those ideas as true anymore. And maybe I disagreed, finally, with some of my strongest gut reactions. That was eye-opening for me.\nBP: And you write the book in a series of letters to X, a student. Is this character based on a variety of conversations in writers workshops?\nPR: Yeah. X is a composite figure. These are questions a variety of students, BIPOC and White, have asked in the workshop. But some of the anxieties are particularly acute among White students who are less familiar with understanding the nuances around race, racial identity, racial formation, and the ways in which race and culture can separate, even as we keep trying to collapse them together. When I was writing to X, I had to think of a particular person I was writing to in order to make the letters, to a certain extent, believable and to solidify my own thinking in response. I wanted to think about a variety of questions I’ve been asked over the years by students and to really use it as an opportunity to show that I myself have changed my mind and may not be completely comfortable with all of the ideas I hold, even currently. I recognize so much of what I believe now is contextually shaped by the historical moments I’m living in and the body I’m living in. I can imagine coming back to this book ten years from now and going, “Oh, wow. I wouldn’t say that.” Maybe in ten years, people will also say, “I disagree with this.” As we become a far more multiracial society, I think these ideas will just become more complex because people will be asking questions rather similar to what I’m asking myself all the time, which is who am I when I live between so many different types of cultures, types of racial identities?\nBP: You say in the book, you’re mixed race, half Chinese, half white, and this often leads you to wonder how you should categorize yourself. In all of your research for this book, did you come up with an answer for yourself personally?\nPR: I’ve always had the answer to it. This is the dishonesty of the book, I know how I see my racial identity, and I feel very comfortable in my skin, but I was wanting, in the letter, to suggest that kind of radical ambivalence I’ve had to live with that is destabilizing in ways. But, on a day to day experience, I don’t generally feel confused about who or what I am. I find it very interesting that people want me to somehow express, “Well, that’s my Chinese side. That’s my white side,” as if these two things can be so easily separated. They can’t be, and they never have been. And I don’t think they can be for many people. So this becomes a way of trying to make other people feel better about my racial identity, whereas I don’t feel like I need to do that for myself. If there’s any painfulness I have experienced or continue to experience, it’s when people want to insist on a kind of authenticity to some aspect of my identity that I also recognize is nothing but a performance in the end, and a performance designed to make people feel like they have seen something they are prepared to see.\nBP: On page 40 in your book, you write, “…to insist that a writer must be from the same group identity as the voice of the author has a dangerous flip side to it: while it warns off writers from blithely taking on subject matters outside of our own experience, it also implicitly warns writers within the same group identity that an authentic experience of that identity does exist—to the group at least—and you may be policed from within.” What would being policed from within in your own group look like?\nPR: I think in terms of literature, there are implicit pressures placed on writers of color to write about a very particular and traumatized experience around race, in ways that are immediately accessible. That pressure comes from the white readership, but also, interestingly, increasingly from the BIPOC literary community that wants to challenge and change institutions and speak openly about what its historically experienced. It seems to me that if the outside holds potentially negative views of what any cultural or racial identity is supposed to mean, those ideas can trickle down into BIPOC communities who then want to create or cordon off certain types of subject matter that will authenticate that identity and become a way of implicitly policing that identity.\nWhen I think of certain really wonderful African-American poets who’ve been overlooked by this current moment, it’s because their work has not easily fitted into some of the ways in which we greet African-American writing now. So a poet like Ed Roberson, who certainly has written about racism, is also not writing about it in the ways and with the explicitness that I think some other poets have. So he doesn’t get all the attention he might deserve. With Asian American writers, there’s a similar question: where do we put Asian-American writers who are not writing explicitly in ways that we recognize about an Asian American experience? How do we classify the aesthetics of someone like Myung Mi Kim? How do we respond to a poet like Tan Lin? Largely, we focus on much more accessible and lyric work, like the poetry of Ocean Vuong or Li-Young Lee, and that’s fine. They’re wonderful poets, but the question is, is it that we can recognize and respond to that experience more readily because we’ve been trained to understand and already imagine that experience, particularly in that aesthetic vein?\nIt’s always a question about if that pressure is coming from without or within. My argument is that, at some point, outside and inside start to share such similar cultural values because the pressure put on success and being seen is so great. It’s very easy to have your aesthetics and subject matters start to shift in order to make sure your work can survive. So that difference between outside and inside becomes far more porous than we’d like it to be.\nBP: You dedicate the book to your father who opened your mind to a world of books, as you put it. Can you tell me about your relationship with your father and how he encouraged you to read and explore books?\nPR: My dad is a voracious reader. He doesn’t read novels and he doesn’t read poetry. He loves history and the law, but he also knew I liked literature, so he would push books on me at an early age that I was not ready for. He knew I liked horror when I was a kid, so he gave me Edgar Allen Poe. I was going to Catholic schools, so he gave me André Gide’s The Immoralist when I was ten. And The Screwtape Letters by C.S. Lewis, because he saw me reading The Chronicles of Narnia. My dad had this idea that I was interested in these things so I might as well read the most adult versions of them. So I would gamely read these things without actually understanding any of it.\nMy dad is a very conservative person. He has a very different way of reading historical facts than I do. That was fascinating to me though. From a very early age, I understood that interpretation is something that is generated. It’s not inherent to a fact itself. I think that also taught me a lot about literature. The ways in which we wield language, the ways we interpret language are the ways we understand or don’t understand our history and the ways we do or don’t understand what other people are experiencing.\nBP: He must love that you became a writer.\nPR: I think he’s okay with it. I mean, he’s happy now. My parents were not happy initially, because, of course, it seems like a really unstable job prospect. And it is. It’s a total risk to become a writer. You don’t know what’s going to happen. I basically got really lucky, and I recognize that. I think anyone who makes it as a writer, at some point, beyond talent, beyond hard work, beyond professionalism and dedication, you succeeded because you were lucky. So I think my dad is very happy now because that risk did pay off, but it was not guaranteed to work that way.\nI think anyone who makes it as a writer, at some point, beyond talent, beyond hard work, beyond professionalism and dedication, you succeeded because you were lucky.\nBP: In your book, you show examples of how something may be appropriative versus something that crossed the line into racism. A good example is when you mention the Katy Perry performance of “Unconditional Love.” Where do we cross that line from it’s uncomfortable yet acceptable to this is offensive and unacceptable?\nPR: Well, it was funny. I was teaching that Katy Perry video in my class, and I had to articulate that difference because one of my students said, “Well, is it racist what she does or is it just appropriative?” It was the first time I’d thought there might be a difference between appropriation and racism. In the book, I talk about how if you go to Southeast Asia and you buy a product made by an indigenous tribe that they have given explicit permission to sell and then you display it in your home, that is an acceptable form of appropriation. It’s part of the capitalist global process. If I were to wear a sari at a friend’s wedding in South Asia, that would be appropriative too, but it should also be understood as respectful for the moment because that was the family’s choice and request. Wearing a sari in and of itself doesn’t require I then behave in a way I imagine to be Indian. It certainly does not require that I parody back certain racist stereotypes about Indians. With the Katy Perry video, however, what’s interesting to me is she links bodily difference and cultural dress with innate interior psychological difference. Her song “Unconditionally” is simply about loving somebody a lot. There’s no reason she has to wear a geisha dress while singing this song except to activate that Orientalist trope in which Asian women are so submissive and self-sacrificing that they will literally kill themselves for love. Katy Perry, by dressing as Japanese, links the song’s meaning with Asianness to reify this Orientalist stereotype.\nIt’s a fine line to draw, but it’s important to remember because oftentimes you’ll see white people with dreadlocks, you’ll see people wearing cheongsams who are not Chinese. There are people who will find this act in itself not just appropriative and but morally problematic. I don’t necessarily find it to be, because I don’t think that being influenced by another culture is inherently and only racist. Dress, music, and hairstyles are unfortunately things that we share constantly. As our cultures change, intermix and evolve, we find increasingly that it’s hard to say that any one object is solely owned by one culture, other than objects and performances that are sacred, which should naturally stay within the boundaries of the culture that holds them sacred. But generally, I believe that appropriation crosses the line into racism when our appreciation of an item of clothing or a hairstyle becomes a way of bowdlerizing another group’s racial or ethnic identity.\nBP: What do you hope readers and fellow writers take away from your book?\nPR: I hope most of all that people take away a set of terms and lenses into textual reading that allow them to make their own determination about the ethics of appropriation. There’ve been a couple of readers who were frustrated with my book. They say, “Well, just tell me. Can I do this or can’t I?” I think that’s really funny because I spent the entire book telling readers they’re going to have to make their own decision. We all appropriate, thus there might be forms of appropriation you will pursue and others you won’t, and you have to make that determination for yourself. That’s what I want the book to do: teach people how to think through what they believe and why they believe it. They don’t have to duplicate my reasoning. I would be surprised if every reader agreed with me, and I don’t think that’s the point of the book either. I would hope every reader is able to say, “Now I know why I believe what I believe. And now I have a way to look at my own creative process and say, should I do this or shouldn’t I?”\nBP: What does your role at the Utah Poet Laureate entail?\nPR: So much. I do a lot of public workshops. I go to K through 12 classrooms, or did before the pandemic, to teach poetry. I’m often asked to write poems for occasions like the commemoration of the 150th completion of the Transcontinental Railroad, or most recently a poem for the vaccination doctors and staff with the Salt Lake County Vaccination Program. It’s been fun because there’s a lot I never would’ve thought to write about. I was just asked by a museum to write a poem for their exhibit on mining about Utah’s mining industry, so I wrote about the uranium mining industry and its effects on Navajo communities here in Utah. So I learn a lot and it also makes me really aware of what it means to be a public writer versus a private writer.\nBP: And is Mapping Literary Utah part of this role?\nPR: Yes. When I was asked to apply for the Poet Laureateship, I said I wanted to create a web archive of Utah writers, past and present, that would then be attached to a digital map of Utah, so people could see for themselves the relationship between writers and place. I managed to do it, and I love the website. I think it looks great. It’s one of my proudest achievements actually, and it was fun because I didn’t know many Utah writers up to that point, but now I’ve got friends all over the state; it’s been a great way of connecting with a literary community. It made me feel much more a part of this place. So, personally, it turned out to be one of the best things I’ve ever done for myself as a community member.\nBarbara Platts is an award-winning columnist, the editor-in-chief of Sweet Jane Magazine, and the managing editor of content production for Lunch Ticket. She’s worked in many forms of journalism, from public radio to newspaper, and is thrilled to be pursuing her MFA for nonfiction writing at Antioch University. She lives in Boulder, Colorado with her fiancé and two adorable pups. Follow her on Twitter and Instagram @BarbaraPlatts.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1601614"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6968715786933899,"wiki_prob":0.6968715786933899,"text":"Rouhani: Russia important country for Iran\nThursday, 10 June 2021 12:07 [ Last Update: Thursday, 10 June 2021 14:47 ]\nTehran (IP) - Iran's President on Thursday appreciates his Russian counterpart's efforts for bilateral cooperation in the different areas, calling Russia as an important and friendly country for Iran.\nIran Press/ Iran News: Before issuing the order to start the construction of Sirik power plant in Minab city of Hormozgan province via videoconferencing, Rouhani appreciated the efforts of the Ministry of Energy and all those involved in the field of water and electricity, both public and private, to achieve national projects in this sector.\nImportant in the development of the country, he said: \"The important project of Sirik power plant is of great importance due to the friendly and close relations between Iran and the northern neighbor, the Russian Federation.\"\nReferring to the good relations between Iran and Russia over the past years, the President added: \"In the last 8 years, the relations between the two countries have developed in various fields.\nRouhani went on to appreciate Vladimir Putin, the President of Russia, due to all the efforts which have been done in the political, economic and regional aspects.\nRouhani added: \"Iran and Russia have very important cooperation in the field of Syria and important tripartite cooperation in the field of Azerbaijan and the Caucasus. We also have very good cooperation in the field of Eurasia with Russia and member states\"\n\" In the field of legal regime of the Caspian Sea, we have taken very important steps with friendly countries, including Russia.\" added the President.\nThe President also referred to the cooperation between Iran and Russia in the field of military and defense issues, as well as the construction of two nuclear power plants, and added: \"Our relations with Russia have become much broader than before, and efforts are underway with Russia to revive JCPOA.\"\nAnd the development of relations with the important neighboring country of Russia will be in the interest of the two nations and certainly in the interest of the region and global issues.\nReferring to the agreement between Iran and Russia on the implementation of joint projects, including power plants and railways in Iran, Rouhani said: \"Fortunately, moves in this direction have begun. Of course, we expected this project to start a little earlier, but some problems caused these plans to start with a delay.\nFour water and electricity industry projects in the three provinces of Hormozgan, Ilam and Kermanshah worth of 41 thousand and 988 billion Tomans inaugurated via videoconferencing with Iran's President and Minister of Energy, Reza Ardakanian in attendance on Thursday.\nRouhani urges respect for women\nIran's President said on Thursday that women deserve respect and highlighted that they should be respected.\nReferring to the Auspicious birthday anniversary of Hazrat Fatimah Masuma (SA) which is called as the day of the girls in Iran, Rouhani stated that all that has ordered by Allah the All Mighty has been realized for women and girls in Islamic Republic of Iran, though Rouhani stressed that the other key issues like gender equality has long run to succeed in Iran.\nLast steps to be taken to remove sanctions\nIran's President said on Thursday that the sanctions will be broken soon and the few remaining issues are going to be resolved and Breaking Sanctions in 2021 is the last step.\nIran's President referred to the hard ship faced by Islamic Republic of Iran in the last four years due to Trump's anti-Iran policies and sanction saying that not economic warfare nor COVID-19 could stop Iran from making further efforts and development.\nElsewhere, The President said: \"We have always emphasized constructive interaction and said that the solution is to produce and work inside, but we should not live in isolation.\"\nHe went on to reiterate:\" We are in touch with our friendly countries and especially our neighbors.\"\nReferring to the coordination between Iran, Russia and China in Vienna, Rouhani said: \"This government had once broken the sanctions once in 2015 and again in 2021. It is our duty and we will do it.\"\nBreaking Sanctions in 2021 is the last step. Our people know that sanctions will be lifted, the United States will have to lift them, and it has come to the negotiating table. Most of the issues have been resolved and the few remaining issues will be resolved, and God willing, the sanctions will be broken and people can see better conditions in their lives.\nRouhani inaugurates nationwide water and electricity projects\nCategory: IranIran PoliticsVideo\nTags: RouhaniHassan RouhaniPresident Hassan RouhaniTehran MoscowRouhani PutinJCPOA","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line240701"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7514390349388123,"wiki_prob":0.7514390349388123,"text":"https://sputniknews.com/20211219/nato-chief-speaks-against-conference-with-russia-on-spheres-of-influence-1091643961.html\nNATO Chief Speaks Against Conference With Russia on Spheres of Influence\nNATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said he does not back the idea of holding a conference with Russia on the spheres of influence\nhttps://cdnn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/07e5/0b/1e/1091137421_0:0:3073:1728_1920x0_80_0_0_316b39db3f5c1060c00d4c3e862f66f9.jpg\nIn lieu of the conference, Stoltenberg spoke in favor of discussing with Moscow measures to strengthen trust, control armament, ensure transparency of drills, and ease the tensions, according to the newspaper.In an interview with the French Le Journal du Dimanche newspaper, Stoltenberg said that the idea of holding a conference focusing on spheres of influence which would let powerful nations control what their neighbours can and cannot do, is a step back for the alliance. The official added that this direction would be completely wrong.Russia has repeatedly said that the West is using allegations of \"aggressive actions\" as a pretext to deploy NATO's military equipment near Russian borders.\nhttps://cdnn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/07e5/0b/1e/1091137421_91:0:2822:2048_1920x0_80_0_0_8e540fbde5066bf850ce96f2a15a21b4.jpg\nworld, russia, nato\n© REUTERS / INTS KALNINSNATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg speaks during a news conference in Riga, Latvia November 29, 2021.\n© REUTERS / INTS KALNINS\nMOSCOW (Sputnik) - NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said he does not back the idea of holding a conference with Russia on the spheres of influence.\nIn lieu of the conference, Stoltenberg spoke in favor of discussing with Moscow measures to strengthen trust, control armament, ensure transparency of drills, and ease the tensions, according to the newspaper.\nIn an interview with the French Le Journal du Dimanche newspaper, Stoltenberg said that the idea of holding a conference focusing on spheres of influence which would let powerful nations control what their neighbours can and cannot do, is a step back for the alliance. The official added that this direction would be completely wrong.\nRussia has repeatedly said that the West is using allegations of \"aggressive actions\" as a pretext to deploy NATO's military equipment near Russian borders.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1338743"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5166739225387573,"wiki_prob":0.4833260774612427,"text":"Vice President Mexico\nMr. Rodriguez was appointed Vice President Mexico in June 2020, having previously held the role of General Manager of the El Limón Guajes (ELG) mining complex since 2018. As General Manager of ELG, Mr. Rodriguez successfully led the team in Mexico to achieve record safety and production results.\nMr. Rodriguez grew up in Sinaloa, Mexico and has gained more than 20 years of mining experience. His career started as a municipal councilor and he has since held senior roles for companies including Glamis Gold, Agnico Eagle, Nyrstar, Geologix Explorations and Primero Mining in areas including Mexico, Honduras and Chile. He has a proven track record of leadership within several different facets of the industry including management, operations, finance, external relations, health and safety and human resources. Mr. Rodriguez holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1619808"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6924445033073425,"wiki_prob":0.6924445033073425,"text":"Imam Nawawi Shariah College\nWomen and the Nawawi Centre\nNawawi Institute for Islamic Thought\nEmpowering Youth\nWhen Is The Nawawi Centre Estimated To Be Completed?​\nThe Nawawi Centre will be entirely completed in 2024. This is the year in which the overall project – including all buildings slated for construction as part of the complex – will be finished and ready for full public use.\nIn the years leading up to this, however, the Nawawi Centre will be operational and growing its activities incrementally.\nIn fact, Salah (prayers) will be commencing at the Centre in Ramadan 2021 with the commencement of taraweeh prayers at the current building that exists on the site.\nWill The Centre Be Open To Females As Well?​\nOf course! Women are a crucial part of our community and will have incredible, community-leading facilities, insha Allah.\nTo read more about the involvement of sisters in the Nawawi Centre vision, click here.\nWho Will Be The Resident Scholar In Charge?​\nThe Nawawi Centre is the brain-child of Dr Ibrahim Abu Mohammed – Grand Mufti of Australia, who will be the spiritual and intellectual force behind the Centre.\nWhat Youth Facilities Will You Offer?​\nThe youth are an important part of our community and will be a core focus of our services. The Nawawi centre aims to cater to the youth by building sporting facilities, youth-specific programs and activities to engage with and nurture the future generations of our community.\nTo read more about youth and the Nawawi Centre, click here. ​\nWe Have Numerous Community Centres And Mosques Already. How Is This Any Different And Is It Really Needed?​\nThe Nawawi Centre is much more than a mosque, although that is a critical part of its vision.\nThe Nawawi Centre is a broader vision at building an ideal community centre that is centered on Muslims in their capacity as everyday humans: requiring spiritual, physical and psychological nourishment in an age where there is much worldly distraction that pulls us away from community and solace.\nThe Nawawi Centre will aim to be a landmark community institution, combining youth and women’s facilities, a Shari’ah College and a groundbreaking Research Institute: The Nawawi Institute for Islamic Thought.\nWhile many mosques and some excellent centres exist in our community, the reality is that our community is significantly under-served and the need is tremendous for such facilities. There is no existing Centre in the immediate vicinity of Chester Hill, and the need for a multi-purpose facility is pressing for the cluster of surrounding suburbs that are not served by an existing one.\nWhere Will The Nawawi Centre Be Located?​\nCatering to the ever-growing population of Muslims in Western Sydney while noting that the area still remains critically under-served by Islamic facilities, the Nawawi Centre will be located in the heart of Chester Hill, 30 minutes out from the Sydney CBD.\nIn Which Phase Of Its Journey Is The Nawawi Centre And Where Is It Headed Next?​\nAlhamdulilah, through the generosity of our donors, The Nawawi Centre team were able to complete the settlement of land in late 2020.\nWe’re currently fundraising for the major construction phase, which will cover approvals, architecture and planning, insha Allah.\nWho’re The People Behind The Nawawi Centre?​\nThe Nawawi Centre team consists of a talented team of Muslim community members under the leadership and guidance of the Grand Mufti of Australia Dr Ibrahim Abu Mohammed.\nThe working committee consists of businesspeople, talented young professionals, students of Islamic knowledge and community activists. We look forward to sharing more about the team in the coming months. ​\nHow Does The Nawawi Centre Aim To Contribute To The Local Community?​\nThe Nawawi Centre aims to serve as the spiritual and communal hub for the Muslim community.\nThe Nawawi Centre will contribute to the community by powering pioneering Islamic thought and research, providing exceptional facilities for youth and women, being a hub for Islamic learning and knowledge, and doing so while facilitating for the old and those with disabilities.\nName: Centre For Cultural relations LTD\nBSB: 032-361\nAcc: 573 003\nRef: Donation\ninfo@alnawawicentre.org.au\nSubscribe to our mailing list! We’ll let you know when targets are met, when milestones are reached and when your center is ready to welcome you!","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1359780"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5504961013793945,"wiki_prob":0.5504961013793945,"text":"'New tradition' for Georgia students: Their first racially integrated prom\n[soundcloud url=\"http://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/87301275&#034; params=\"auto_play=false&show_artwork=false&color=ff7700\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\nBy Jamie Gumbrecht, CNN\n(CNN) - As Quanesha Wallace remembers, it was around this time last year when the idea first came up at Wilcox County High School. It was nothing big, just chatter about prom, school, what comes next, what they'd change.\nIf things were different, someone said, we'd all go to the same prom.\nFor as long as anyone could remember, students in their South Georgia community went to separate proms, and homecoming dances, too. White students from Wilcox County attend one. Black students, another. They’re private events organized by parents and students, not the school district. Schools have long been desegregated, but in Wilcox County, the dances never changed.\nThe friends all agreed they'd go to an integrated prom, Quanesha said, and when they asked, others said, \"Yeah, I'd go, too.\"\n\"We are all friends,\" Quanesha's friend, Stephanie Sinnot, told CNN affiliate WGXA-TV in Macon, Georgia. \"That's just kind of not right that we can't go to prom together.\"\nSo now it's April, and prom is coming up, and these black and white friends, longtime pals who go to classes together and play sports together and hang out together, are going to prom together, too. For the first time, students are organizing an integrated dance, one that welcomes any of Wilcox County High's 400 students.\n\"This is going to be the biggest prom ever to come through Wilcox County,\" said Quanesha, one of the event's organizers.\nThe theme will be \"Masquerade Ball in Paris.\" There will be an Eiffel Tower and Mardi Gras-style masks, dancing, flowers, catered food and a clubhouse in nearby Cordele. They're expecting gowns, ties, manicures, up-dos, sparkle. Quanesha has a date, although she hasn't decided on a dress.\n\"If you want to get fancy, get fancy,\" said Quanesha, 18. \"If you don't, that's fine.\"\nAttendees will vote on a king and queen but also cutest couple, best smile, best dressed. They'll do a recognition ceremony for a classmate who died. They'll start a new prom tradition: a unity toast.\nBy Thursday afternoon, about 50 tickets had sold for the integrated prom. They're aiming for 100. They're not sure they'll make it.\nNot everybody is excited about the idea. Posters for the integrated prom were torn off the walls of the high school. Students who usually plan dances didn't get involved with this one. Nothing was different about this year's homecoming dances: Quanesha, the queen, is black. The king, white. She thought she might get an invite to the other prom, but they went to separate dances, and appear in separate yearbook photos, she said.\nIn a statement posted on the school district’s website Thursday, Wilcox County Superintendent Steve Smith stressed the segregated proms aren’t organized by the school.\nWhen students approached him about hosting an integrated prom, Smith wrote, he and the county’s board of education “not only applauded their idea, but we also passed a resolution advocating that all activities involving our students be inclusive and nondiscriminatory.\n“I fully support these ladies, and I consider it an embarrassment to our schools and community that these events have portrayed us as bigoted in any way.”\nThe statement was no longer on the schools' website Thursday night, but a new statement posted by Friday morning said the high school's principal \"will place the 2014 Prom on its agenda for its next meeting.\"\nSmith did not return CNN's phone calls or e-mails.\nWilcox County is not the only place with a racially segregated prom, nor is it the only one that's attracted widespread attention in recent years. In the 2009 documentary “Prom Night in Mississippi,” director Paul Saltzman followed the preparations for the first integrated prom in Charleston, Mississippi. Actor Morgan Freeman, a native of the area, offered in 1997 to cover the cost if the school board would hold an integrated prom, but the offer wasn’t accepted till 2008.\nStudents and parents say it's hard to spark conversation that breaks what's now seen as tradition.\n\"I've lived here all my life. Nobody pushed the issue. This year, these children - we didn’t have any idea it was going to go as it did,\" Quanesha's mother, Linda Wallace, said Thursday. \"Before we knew it, it was like a wildfire.\"\nIndeed, Wilcox County's integrated prom has gotten a lot of attention this week. Schools in the county of about 9,000 residents are on spring break, but while classes were out, the prom story appeared on the local news, and the story spread. They'd been raising money for the prom all year, and some donations helped, but they've picked up a lot in the last few days. The prom's Facebook page drew thousands of fans since it was set up Wednesday.\nMost of the comments are positive. \"Your efforts will open the eyes of many. I applaud your courage and hopefulness. Continue your fight for change this year and every year, not just in your school but throughout your community. It just takes one person to change the world,\" one person wrote.\n\"You are civil rights leaders of 2013!\" another wrote. \"I am so encouraged by what you are doing. I believe that your generation has the power to make things better. Keep going and never give up.\"\nStill, Quanesha is a little nervous about returning to school Monday. A lot of parents and students support them, she said, but she knows some don't. Why else, after all these years, were they still holding dances that segregated white and black students?\n\"I’m all about sticking together, reasoning with each other,\" Quanesha said. \"We have very strong-minded students at Wilcox County. I hope they’re there to back each other up.\"\nThe friends and organizers are trying to enjoy it. Soon, most of them will be graduating. Quanesha plans to go to college to study psychology. She said she's not going too far from home for now. She wants to make sure the prom keeps going, and she can come back to help encourage the underclassmen who will have to take it on next.\n\"I don't want to just leave them hanging. I know we're going to leave them a little money,\" Quanesha said.\n\"New tradition. Leave them a little something so it won't be so hard for them like it was hard for us.\"\nFollow us on Twitter @CNNschools.\nPosted by Jamie Gumbrecht -- CNN\nFiled under: Extracurricular • High school • Parents • Prom • Students\nAshili\nThats so stupied to do seperated proms whats wrong with the parents and students these days to come up with with that irresponsible idea smh yeah IRRESPONSIBLE!!!\njanroc\nI thought I was reading Ripley's Believe or Not. In this day and age to hold two separate proms is preposterous.\nAndrewMcCrew\nWould somebody – please – just applaude these jung people for changing the tradition! The shame is on all the proms and dances held until last year. Everybody who organised and attended the separate events in the past has to be embarassed for the rest of their life that they did not have niether the vision nor the courage.\nGet your priorities right!\nTristin D\nHow backwards some parts of the USA unfortunately are, in New Zealand we have been integrated with our native people the Maoris since the historic signing of the 1840 Treaty.\nJames Laos\n...are you kidding me? In the time I've spent in New Zealand, living in a district with nearly 0% white people in the neighbourhood I haven't seen any efforts made by the government to raise living quality or solving the drug & alcohol issue. Segregation though is another level of stupidity still beiing displayed by some parts of the U.S.\nfodboldministeren\nWhen you think about what Rosa Parks had to go through I am amazed this is going on in 2013. Disgusting!\nHard to believe this still goes on, what....40-50 years after the fact of integration in some of these areas. Well, regardless, I hope that the integrated prom is a success. Best of luck.\nJust a thought?\nI have 4 children and in my home they have been taught that everyone is the same, and they are welcome to have friends over no matter their race. This fight has been ongoing and may never really be over, you cant change someones view points no matter how ignorant you find them to be! We are welcome to voice our opinions though and one I have recently heard still makes me wonder...She pointed out that it's always been \"white v. black\", but is that always just the way it is every single time or does it go both ways? She pointed out that they have BET and they do not have many \"white\" people in their movies and she doesnt allow her children to watch that channel because of this. She says she doesnt discriminate BUT she doesnt see why the finger is always pointed at us she feels that it obviously must go both ways?...She ask me a question that I had no answer to, what happened if 10 years ago we as the \"whites\" had our own channel something like BET, would people being calling discrimination? I had never realy thought of this until she pointed it out. Its really a touchy subject and nobdy will ever have all the answers but Im truly happy that these children will be able to finally experience the same education and events that my children will do and my question to this is why did it take until 2013 to do this? The school says they are not responsible so that means that the parents are raising them to have these viewpoints...is this really fair to the children? Why did the school let this continue for so long? I dont think we will ever have answers to any of these questions, despite the struggles throughout our history. Maybe today although most of us dont want to see it maybe more people than we thought still feel color is important...\nWhat an incoherent, rambling post\nThis is shameful we should be beyond this! so sad\nMost of these people have no idea what they are talking about. I have lived in Georgia my entire life, and the only time I have experienced any sort of racism was when some black guys yelled at me and called me a \"white @ss Mother-effer\" for talking to a black girl, and that girl went on to reprimand the guy. I also found it quite humorous that as I was reading this article and comments, there were white guys and black guys bro-hugging, and white and black girls hugging and talking right in front of me. The south is a very hospitable place, and race is only an issue that comes up when the media finds a story to make a big deal about. There is racism everywhere, and it's no worse in the south than anywhere else in the country.\nIt just seems lot of people in the north that I have talked to (not making a blanket statement) seem to have an elitist mindset that they are somehow superior to, or more intelligent than, anyone from the south, when that's not the case at all. Having that sort of mindset is a form of racism in its own right. Actually, I have some black friends that moved here from New York, and they have only had praise for the state because, in their own words, “people are so much nicer here than in NYC”.\nAnyway, we really do live in a great country. Yeah, it has its faults, but those aren't going to be fixed by name-calling on news articles (from CNN no less) over the internet. If you really want to make a difference, take action. My class at GSU, one of the most diverse universities in the country, in the past few weeks has raised over $10,000 for charities ranging from helping breast cancer patients, schools and orphanages in Kenya, people suffering from cerebral palsy, feeding and helping homeless children, scholarships for low income Latino communities, and animal shelters, just to name a few. If you really want to see change, get out from behind your computer and do something about it.\nWell while some of the things that you say are true but I have to disagree as a black person that was raised in the north and has lived in the south for a while. while there is racism everywhere, I would have to say, especially as black person, that it is way worse in the south compared to most of the north. I went to school in south GA and please believe that old JIM CROW sentiment is still alive in many small cities and towns.\nHowever I do agree that many people of all colors can guilty of discrimination, lets not pretend that it occurs to equal extents. When your in ATL its totally different. your in a diverse city that is way more tolerant than many pockets of the more rural south. And again, I really want to stress that I do believe that all people can feel that affects of racial bigotry. but, if you were a person of color in the south and confronted with the daily and life long obstacles that come just because of your ethnicity you would have a TOTALLY different perspective!!! This town needs to step into the twenty first century its a damn shame!! WE ARE ALL A PART OF THE HUMAN RACE!! after al it is 2013!!! SMFH!!\nJolisa\nI just want to say that I find the claims of people trying to project this idea that racism is long over and gone to be preposterous. Of course, if you come to the Black Mecca of Atlanta, then you'll find that the racism that's present will be less extreme simply because there are so many more black people than you'll find in the average setting. Also, you see the dynamic where the communities are completely separated. As a black girl in Atlanta, all my life I've only gone to school with black kids. My onle extensive encounters in my day to day life in Atlanta with anyone that wasn't black have been with two white kids. Yes, I admit; the two of them , in each case being the only white person on the room, exhibited no racist qualities. In the rurals where progress has been much slower, unfortunately racism is very real (speaking on simply the social level and not focusing on it in the work force and its effects) . These few stories that become sensations are not the outliers; rather they are one of many instances that just haven't gotten enough publicity to become an issue that attracts the attention of the public. I'm proud of what those kids are doing. It's a step. But consider this; that is an entire town. They have to fight the town to get an integrated prom off the ground...because many of those town members are racist, or see nothing wrong with the idea of the town being integrated Do you believe that this town and this town alone has developed in its own little bubble of isolation since the civil rights movement? This single town is the place in the country where all the racists and bigots have decided to live? Well what about Trevon Martin(R.I.P.) ; what about those 3 Black boys shot in Texas by some trashy men with nothing better to do than hate? What about the countless instances of police brutality? Or the targeting of Blacks and Latinos in the New York stop and frisks... Anyone who says that racism is long over and dead is in denial. They desperately need to wake up.\nThats wrong. As a black person living in the south my entire life I will be the first to tell you RACE IS AN ISSUE EVERYWHERE IN THE SOUTH. It does not matter where you go in the south there is still a since of I don't like you because you are black and I dont like you because you are white. Race plays a huge part. As a matter of fact my fiance' and I can not tell her family that we are engaged yet because I am black. ITS STILL AN ISSUE\nWhat a shame its 2013!! I bet there are still more stories like this happening out there in the US and A...\nThis just goes to show you can change laws but you can't change people. That goes for BOTH sides people..","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line441428"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8557310104370117,"wiki_prob":0.8557310104370117,"text":"STAFF & CAST\nProduction I.G> WORK LIST> Guardian of the Spirit\nGuardian of the Spirit\nOnce in a century\nthe Sacred Spirit dwells\nwithin a human being\nKenji Kamiyama, acclaimed director of the Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. series, succeeded in incorporating modern issues such as refugees, nuclear weapons and terrorism into the Sci-Fi world. In his new project, entitled Guardian of the Spirit, he daringly rearranged the intense Asian-flavored fantasy atmosphere of the original novels written by Nahoko Uehashi, tracing a continuity line with the the reality of our world. This new TV series promises to be even more challenging than the Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. saga.\nBalsa, a female bodyguard bearing a short spear as her weapon, visits the New Yogo Empire after a long time. Here she assists to an incident, and saves a young boy. His name is Chagum, and he is no less than the second prince of the Empire. But his fate seems to be even greater than his rank: inside the boy's body, lays the egg of the Water Spirit, thus making him the Guardian of the Spirit, an event that happens only once in one hundred years.\nThe Second Empress, sensing that Chagum's father, the Emperor, did not welcome the situation and would try to eliminate the boy, desperately asks Balsa to become Chagum's bodyguard and take him to a safe place.\nUndertaking a job that puts her life at risk and turns the whole Imperial Court her enemy, Balsa makes her escape from the palace with Chagum.\nBut entities from a parallel dimension, called Nayug, are also after the two fugitives. Their aim appears simple and frightening at once: they want to devour the egg within Chagum's body.\nTheir flight from tenacious pursuers has just begun.\nOn Nahoko Uehashi\nLeft the Rikkyo University after successful fulfillment of the doctoral course of cultural anthropology. She specialized in the Australian aborigines. After working as an assistant at Kagawa Education Institute of Nutrition, became an assistant professor of Kawamura Gakuen Women's University. She writes unique fantasy novels from the viewpoint of cultural anthropology. Her works include the debut work Seirei no Ki (Tree of the Spirit, 1989), Tsuki no mori ni, Kami yo nemure (Sleep in the Woods of the Moon, Oh God, 1991, winner of the 25th New Artist Award from the Japan Children's Book Artists Society, 1992), Koteki no Kanata (Beyond the Fox's Flute, 2003, winner of the 42nd Noma Children's Books Award, 2004) and the essay Tonari no Aborigine: Chiisana Machi ni Kurasu Senjumin (Aborigines Next Door: Natives Living in a Small Town, 2000).\nThe Moribito (Guardian) series, a grand epic fantasy in Asian style, started in 1996, and is continuously expanding today with the Tabibito (Traveler) series. The whole corpus counts now 10 volumes, that grossed 400,000 copies sold in Japan. The Guardian series has also received many awards, including Noma Children's Books Award, Sankei Children's Book Award, Nippon Broadcasting System Award and Iwaya Sazanami Literary Award.\nThe TV series is based on the first two books, Guardian of the Spirit and Guardian of Darkness, and Kenji Kamiyama personally worked on the screenplay.\nofficial website (Japanese only)\nhttp://www.moribito.com\nAir Date in Japan: April 4, 2007~ September 29, 2007 on NHK BS2\nFormat: 26 x 30'\n© Nahoko UEHASHI/KAISEI-SHA/Guardian of the Spirit Committee","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1698934"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6971657276153564,"wiki_prob":0.30283427238464355,"text":"Consumer Involvement\nKim Bischoff Video\nKim Bischoff Video Text Version\nKim Bischoff Video (Text Version)\n2018 NFRP Vignette\nTitle: A Consumer’s Perspective: “Headed in the Right Direction…”\nConsumer: Kim Bischoff; Neurofibromatosis Network\nMy name is Kim Bischoff. I’m the Executive Director of the Neurofibromatosis Network. But most importantly, I’m the mother of Jennifer, who is 34 years old, and she has neurofibromatosis type one.\nSo when Jennifer was two-and-a-half-years old, we got the diagnosis of NF based on a growing optic glioma. She actually had one eye that was protruding than the other. We ended up chasing around the country trying to find out what to do with--with this growing optic glioma that hadn't hit the chiasm yet, but we needed treatment; otherwise, she was going to lose vision in both eyes. We were really fortunate to find the therapy. The therapy was very successful. The eye actually went back into the socket. She did lose the vision in her left eye. But it didn’t go back into the brain, and she’s doing very well now.\nSo after our daughter’s diagnosis, we were looking for a patient advocacy organization. That’s when we landed with the NF Network, and we’ve been involved with that group for over 30 years now. It’s been a great source of support for our family—the support for our daughter. Since my husband and I don’t have NF. This gives her a community that she can network in where there’s people that really kind of understand the same issues that she’s going through. One of the ones that she had struggled with was whether to have children or not. And so this community really provided her with the information she needed to make her own personal decision.\nAs an advocate, I have been involved in the DoD program since its inception for NF back in 1996. I have done peer review, and I have done the programmatic review for the last 8 years or so. NF is so fortunate to have this community of brilliant and dedicated scientists, researchers, the clinicians, all working together to try to find these treatments for my daughter and the other 100,000 individuals that have NF.\nMy experience as a peer reviewer has been amazing. As a non-scientist, when you first come in, you’re really intimidated, you know. But they appreciate your position as a consumer. They welcome your input. It’s been absolutely phenomenal and really humbling when they listen to my ideas, my thoughts. They take them into consideration. It is truly what gives us hope for the future is this program and the work that’s being done. We feel very blessed and lucky to have NF in this program.\nThe programmatic review is really exciting because we have areas of emphasis. And so, once all of the excellent science comes up, we have the opportunity then to decide which programs fit best in those--those categories. So even if something maybe didn’t score quite as well as some of the others in--in science, but yet we really feel as a community, the scientists included, they feel like this is really something that we can do, we have the opportunity to do that. And I really think that sets us apart from any other kind of scientific review process. It gives us the flexibility to fund what we think is absolutely the most critical to be funded in order to be able to help the community of neurofibromatosis.\nThe CDMRP NF Research Program has been huge. It’s not only helping people with NF, but others as well who have diseases and conditions that are located around that same pathway. I think that we’re really hitting the different areas that we need to in order to be able to attract excellent science into the field of neurofibromatosis.\nBeing able to treat optic gliomas like my daughter had back when we first came into the community is much more streamlined now. Families don’t go through quite the stress that we went through. It seems to be a pretty well-known practice on how to treat the children. Of course, we would like less toxic and better treatments for those particular manifestations of NF, but they’re clearly much improved than--than what they were in the past.\nThere are also other new treatments on the horizon here for the plexiform neurofibroma that’s showing great promise. I think that we’re headed in the right direction. We could use more. Clearly there’s things that need to be learned about when a regular tumor changes into a malignant tumor, but they’re all being worked on. So it’s just a matter of time. If we can keep doing this and getting the scientists the funding that they need in order to do the important work that they do, we’ll get to that endpoint.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1833897"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5255927443504333,"wiki_prob":0.5255927443504333,"text":"The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is revising its COVID-19 Appeals. It is gearing up for the marathon not the sprint.\nby Alexander Matheou | May 19, 2020 | Leadership Voices\nExecutive Director – International\nBritish Red Cross Society\nWe still don’t have a clear picture of the scale of the COVID-19 pandemic in fragile states and low-income countries. The secondary impacts, however, are already severely felt. Despite the initial surge to action, most humanitarian agencies now recognise that this is a marathon not a sprint and they need to be planning for the long haul. Including how to adapt to a world that may function differently. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement’s COVID19 appeals launched in March were its call to action – its sprint. Now these appeals are being revised, it is a chance to consider what we can offer to the marathon. Here are seven offers to consider that will strengthen the global response.\nThe first and second wave: The main effort will stay the same. To support health authorities to detect, test, isolate and treat every case and trace every contact through community-based surveillance, to support prevention measures and engage in active risk communication, about COVID19 and other critical health threats. These features of the initial appeal will still be paramount.\nSupporting social safety nets: The United Nations is warning global hunger could double as a result of the pandemic. The main triggers being closure of critical aid pipelines in countries already facing severe food shortages, such as Zimbabwe or Yemen. Or simultaneous crises, such as faced by Kenya and Somalia, who are dealing with COVID-19 and plagues of locusts. The most widespread trigger though is likely to be caused by loss of livelihoods for the poorest people whose food security each day is dependent on daily labour. Of these, amongst the most vulnerable, will be refugees and migrants. Turkey has a programme designed to address this risk through an EU funded national, social protection programme delivering cash to two million refugees, run by the IFRC and the Turkish Red Crescent. More states will need to set up similar initiatives to blend humanitarian assistance into social protection for their most food insecure people. National Societies (NS) can help governments do this by sharing the Movement’s experience of managing large cash-based programmes and of targeting.\nHelping target the most vulnerable: Many states already have lists for their social safety nets, which include the elderly, people living with disabilities, women headed households etc. COVID-19 will have transformed who needs to be on these lists. NS, with their community presence, can help identify who is most in need. Namibia Red Cross is doing just that to support its government foodbank programmes. Amongst the most difficult but important aspects of this targeting will be identifying women and girls at risk of sexual and gender-based violence. This is complicated as the risk tends not to be immediately obvious and is unlikely to be declared. People doing the targeting need to be trained. NS can help with this, but few currently have the right skills. That is why partnership is more important than ever.\nWorking in partnership: Not all INGOs and NGOs will survive the financial impact of the pandemic. Those that do will be smaller. Specialist organisations with small budgets may be particularly vulnerable. It will be important not to lose their expertise and relationships that have been built over the years. Larger humanitarian organisations will need to be open to pooling resources. Even merging. Specialist organisations may need to be insourced into bigger agencies who can take their expertise and insights to scale.\nBuilding on our health infrastructure: The pandemic has highlighted the risks faced by countries with the weakest health systems. But those risks are not new. For decades, Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, with support from ICRC and IFRC, have tried to sustain primary health infrastructures in some of the most vulnerable contexts in the world. The Somalia Red Crescent and Afghan Red Crescent both run a network of clinics. The Yemen Red Crescent too, although much of it is destroyed now. These clinics have struggled to generate investment despite the obvious niche they fill. Now is the time to try again to generate support and to make sure these services support the pandemic response. Kenya Red Cross has launched its ambulance service as a social enterprise. It is now the leading ambulance service in the country and is supporting the pandemic response. Gambia Red Cross has done the same. This could be replicated across much of the continent. These initiatives might be more suitable for private sector investment than humanitarian financing, but at very least, we can seek to bring the investors around the table.\nThe right legal base: Lockdowns have been disastrous to some aid pipelines. Last week, we heard reports from the Typhoon hit Philippines of hampered evacuation efforts due to the pandemic. Disaster laws can help mitigate such risks in the future, by outlining exceptions to lockdowns, by making clear roles and responsibilities and identifying key workers in advance. IFRC has specialised in advising states on disaster laws for over a decade. It can support now in updating these laws to consider pandemic responses if current legislation is not explicit.\nResilient institutions: It’s always been a struggle to get investment for the institutional development of national humanitarian actors. Humanitarian financing is short term and heavily geared towards international organisations. Yet this pandemic is a reminder that these national institutions, especially NS, are a first line of defence. We need an investment strategy from institutional donors that grows volunteer bases and strengthens national management systems and leadership.This list is not exhaustive, but these seven points would already make up a meaningful contribution to the longer term, global response.\nJyoti on May 19, 2020 at 9:32 am\nThough I liked the metaphor of a running sports, I see it in terms of a racquet sports I like to play, badminton. To play the game the right way – you need your head up so you are aware of your environment. Where are the defenders? Where are the opportunities to pass the shuttle or take a shot?\nFor me, this is a great example of a carefully written piece that clearly articulates the vision and the envionment, the present, how to strategically manage now, and importantly as opposed to head down focussed on what is in front of you right now, I see the suggestion of keeping the head up to identify potential opportunities, think of progressive partnerships, and what needs to be changed and achieved. If we were to successfully address the pandemic and support those in the fragile environments and poorer economies, now and in the future.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1320263"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5992739200592041,"wiki_prob":0.4007260799407959,"text":"August 14, 2018 April 19, 2020 Danielle TV Reviews, TV Shows\nKilljoys Season 4 Episode 4: ‘What to Expect When You’re Expecting…an Alien Parasite’ Review\n[Header Image: Kelly McCormack as Zeph, Thom Allison as Pree, Mayko Nguyen as Delle Seyah Kendry | Syfy/Space]\nThis is probably the longest review I’ve written for Killjoys so far and it’s all positive. I really loved this episode. The pacing and structure were well done and it had the perfect balance of funny moments and serious moments.\nAt the start of the episode, we see that D’avin has been going to see Dutch and keeps talking to her. He lies about how well Johnny is doing and begs for her to wake up. During all of this Johnny is still chained up and is constantly banging his head against the wall. He is one of my absolute favourite characters in this show and I hated seeing him hurt himself. It didn’t help that Zeph revealed he was only banging his head so he could relieve the pressure that’s on his brain. Not exactly positive but at least we didn’t have to see him go through being half Hullen for much longer.\nAnother positive is that Dutch finally woke up. At first, she’s not allowed to leave her room under D’avin’s orders and when that fails, she wastes no time in looking for Johnny. The scenes between Dutch and Johnny were so good in this episode. You could really feel Dutch’s emotions whenever she spoke with Johnny. The pain she felt when she realised all of the green plasma was gone and she might not be able to help him. I did appreciate that D’avin stood up for himself and told her that she had no right to judge his actions. The slap allowed for us to see just how much Dutch was affected by seeing Johnny in that state.\nPrior to getting Johnny back to normal, things do change with him. Suddenly he was tired and frustrated. It was so vivid when he tells them that he doesn’t care whether he’s Hullen or human anymore but he can’t be stuck in the middle. He talks so passionately about having that feeling of losing D’avin and Dutch over and over again as his heart switches between human and Hullen. You can really hear our Johnny at that moment and it was honestly a little gut-wrenching.\n[Aaron Ashmore as John Jaqobis, and Hannah John-Kamen as Dutch | Syfy/Space]\nIn the end, we do get him back. That moment between Dutch and Johnny was so perfect and needed. The two of them leaning on each other once again. They’ve been through so much together and this season continues to put emphasis on how important their friendship is.\nI thought the method of getting Johnny back was interesting and a smart way to get around the fact that all the green had solidified (and the fact it needed to be in order to keep the Lady trapped). I never had any fear that Johnny would actually die but for a hot second there I was concerned that they wouldn’t be able to revive him again. Luckily, all ended well AND they were able to use the same method in order to help Delle Seyah Kendry deliver her baby.\nThe fact that there were complications was unsurprising and it was really fun to see them try to find a solution. Kendry was hilarious throughout the start of her labour, feeling no pain, even reading a comic book at one point. I loved the natural progression they had from her feeling calm to being scared and concerned. Even during the transfusion with D’avin, Kendry is still calm. She’s bossy and visibly irritated by everyone around her, which is very much normal. However, by the end of the episode, she’s clearly scared, even going so far as to corner Dutch and demand to know where Aneela us.\nThat little moment between them all was really important. D’avin and Johnny have been stuck in a small space with Kendry for a while and the three of them have had a chance to get used to each other. Talking about Aneela, allowed for Dutch and Kendry to get to know each other a little bit as well. We’ll need a lot more but it was very much needed, especially considering it wasn’t that long ago that Kendry and Aneela were trying to kill the team.\nDelle Seyah Kendry has had one of the biggest character developments, along with Aneela. Pree threatened Kendry’s life earlier in the episode but then was willing to give her a break later. He smiled to the point that he most likely won’t try to kill her (unless she tries something first of course). I love the changes Kendry has gone through and I hope she remains a big part of the team and continues on this really well-done character development. Especially now that she’s human again and can feel everything.\nLike I said, we’ve also seen Aneela change a lot since we first met her, as well as her relationship with Dutch. It was such a touching moment when Dutch said she was going to get Aneela back and she seemed to genuinely care. We can also see that Aneela genuinely cares as she risks being stuck in the green to keep Dutch safe and the Lady trapped. All of these changes almost guarantees that Kendry and Aneela really are going to be a part of the team.\n[Luke Macfarlane as D’avin Jaqobis, Kelly McCormack as Zeph, Mayko Nguyen as Delle Seyah Kendry,\nand Thom Allison as Pree | Syfy/Space]\nThroughout the episode, we get to see what happened to Dutch while she was in the green. I really appreciated that we didn’t see the Lady’s true form. I suspect that we’ll get that reveal when she finally comes out of the green because let’s face it, she probably will. For now, it’s pretty cool that her look keeps changing in the meantime to try and weaken Dutch (and later Aneela).\nIt worked really well that Dutch’s time in the green was put throughout the episode and none of it ever dragged on too long. The scenes where the Lady was trying to force information out of Dutch was really powerful because they weren’t always intense. Sometimes we saw them fighting, other times the Lady was hurting Dutch, and other times they’re simply talking.\nWe also found out that the Lady isn’t Hullen but something much older and she refers to the Hullen as her tools. This episode did a great job of telling us something about the Lady while also keeping her shrouded in mystery. Killjoys knows exactly when to tell us something and just how much information should be given.\n[Robert Stewart as the Lady (appearing as Khlyen, and Hannah John-Kamen as Dutch | Syfy/Space]\nIt made the reveal of what Dutch will face when she leaves the green even more powerful. That scene where everyone is dead at Pree’s bar and Johnny is holding a gun to Dutch’s head was so shocking because we had no idea. We knew something was coming but we didn’t know what it was exactly. The final hit was when Johnny said “who the hells is Johnny?” We’re going to have to wait a little while for that conclusion I bet, but something I did notice was that Pree seemed to look the same way he did in the flashback episode (episode 1 of this season). So I wonder if there’s going to be some sort of time travel involved? I honestly don’t like to guess much with Killjoys because everything they do is always better than I could ever imagine.\nEither way, it was really reassuring to see them all back together again. They’re all willing to fight alongside Dutch to defeat the Lady like the little family they are but there’s plenty of other stuff to deal with at the same time. As we saw, the soldiers on the Armada are starting to wake up (or at least they’re more alert). This could be connected to the fact that Pip has a spider in him and is beginning to hear whispers. The Lady could be using Pip to spy on the team and the soldiers in the Armada to spy on the others.\nIt seems a little obvious but sometimes simplicity is all you need. Sooner or later Pip’s spider and the soldiers are going to make a move. We now know that the Lady wants Aneela, Kendry, and D’avin’s baby and with all the other information we got this episode, it’s more likely than not that everything is connected at this point. So the simple idea of the Lady using the Hullen and Pip as tools to spy and help her escape doesn’t seem so unlikely to me.\nOverall, the episode was really a lot of fun and I’m really excited to see where we go from here. If the vision comes true, it’s not going to be fun for long. I would normally be unconcerned, doubting that they will kill all of these characters, perhaps one or even two, but considering season 5 is confirmed to be the last I feel like no character is safe in this season or the next.\nTagged killjoys, reviews, space, syfy, tv review, tv series, TV Shows, TV: 2010s\nKilljoys Season 4 Episode 3: ‘Bro-D Trip’ Review\nKilljoys Season 4 Episode 5: ‘Greening Pains’ Review","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line859236"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6810562014579773,"wiki_prob":0.3189437985420227,"text":"Author Archives: Allen Porter\nAllen Porter is a 2021-2022 John and Daria Barry Postdoctoral Research Fellow in the James Madison Program at Princeton University. The two main focuses of his current research are bioethics and political philosophy. His dissertation, “Social Justice Leftism as Deconstructive Postmodernism,” offers a unified explanation of a number of novel phenomena associated with what is now commonly called “the woke left”—including the use of various techniques of “silencing” (such as “deplatforming”), calls by students for racially segregated campus spaces, the new rhetoric of “equity,” “microaggression” complaints and demands for “safe spaces,” and more. His thesis is that the existence and features of these phenomena are straightforwardly predictable in light of their underlying political ideology, which results from combining philosophical postmodernism and political leftism—a political ideology which has dominated Western humanities and social science departments for several decades, and which increasingly prevails outside of academia as a kind of secular religion. At Princeton, he is focused on converting his dissertation into a book. Allen holds a B.A. in German from Princeton University, a M.A. in Philosophy from Tulane University, and a M.A. and Ph.D. in Philosophy from Rice University.\nCovid-19 exposes the link between Safetyism and Wokeism\nSafetyism and Wokeism leverage our altruistic instincts to effect submission to irrational policies that were never designed to be rationally justifiable in the first place. Instead, it seems increasingly clear, both ideologies function sociologically like religion.\nby Allen Porter Dec 2, 2021 Dec 2, 2021 / 6 mins /","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line600434"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7154783010482788,"wiki_prob":0.7154783010482788,"text":"ANTOINETTE TAUS\nAntoinette Taus named UN environment ambassador\nPublished: philstar.com | September 27, 2019\nMANILA, Philippines — The United Nations Environment Programme has designated Antoinette Taus as National Goodwill Ambassador for the Philippines. Antoinette is an award-winning actress, singer, TV host, environmental advocate and founder of the non-profit organization CORA.\nShe is the UN Environment Programme’s first National Goodwill Ambassador for the Philippines. The designation was made at a ceremony marking World Environment and Health Day in Manila on September 26. Long a fixture in the entertainment industry in the Philippines, Antoinette has spent much of her life in the media spotlight. At 11, she already was a regular presence on stage and onscreen and has since starred in blockbuster films and top rated television shows, including one of the country’s longest-running soap operas, \"Anna Karenina.\"\nToday, she works with international media networks such as National Geographic and CNN on projects centered around humanitarian and environmental issues. Combining her popularity with her longstanding dedication to the planet, Antoinette founded CORA in 2016, a non-profit organization to help foster action for sustainable development through volunteerism. Antoinette is also the Chief Executive Officer and founder of The Sustainable Planet, a social enterprise centered on improving the lives of indigenous peoples and those living in poverty in the Philippines.\n“Antoinette is as passionate a voice for the environment as they come. We are extremely pleased she will be helping us raise the profile of the range of environmental challenges and opportunities facing the Philippines. Global issues like climate change and plastic and air pollution are impacting all countries, and we are lucky to have advocates like Antoinette standing strong for the planet,” said Dechen Tsering, Regional Director for the UNEP’s Office for Asia and the Pacific.\n“When we protect the planet, we are protecting the people that we love. Each action as an individual has the power to create amazing change, but just imagine what we can achieve if we take action together,” said Taus. \"The key to solving our most urgent global issues is already in every single one of us. But we need to act now, as one people, for our one planet.”\nAs Goodwill Ambassador, Antoinette will continue to work closely with the youth, local communities and media partners to raise awareness on environmental issues and mobilize Filipinos to take climate action for people and the planet.\nIt can be recalled that Taus was also a member of “G Squad,” a group of celebrities assembled by former Department of Environment and Natural Resources secretary Gina Lopez as part of her travel show \"G Diaries.\"\nThe UN Environment Programme is the leading global voice on the environment. It provides leadership and encourages partnership in caring for the environment by inspiring, informing, and enabling nations and peoples to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.\n5 women who inspire and empower other women online and in the real world\nAntoinette Taus urges public to use fabric masks instead of disposable ones\nAntoinette Taus: Protecting the planet means saving lives\n©2020 by Antoinette Taus | AMDG","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line699941"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7241423726081848,"wiki_prob":0.2758576273918152,"text":"On the Level with Tim Sharp\nOver 20,000 members strong, the American Choral Director’s Association (ACDA) is the premier non-profit organization dedicated to the promotion and advancement of choral singing in\nThe Ingredients for a Great Festival Experience\nFrom local events in high school auditoriums to national and international gatherings in venerated concert halls, vocal music festivals come in all manner of shapes\nImporting Files into Assessment Software\nI recently received an e-mail from Dan Franke, the principal of a private school in Audrey, Texas. Mr. Franke was requesting information on how to\nIf You Build It…\nFor many music programs, both vocal and instrumental, the primary indication of their effectiveness and impact is the quantity of participating students. Without a doubt,\nNew Releases: Folk Songs from around the World\nThis is the third of five issues featuring new releases. This month, I highlight arrangements of folk songs from around the world. Many of these\nThe Virtual Choir\nMusic is an inherently social vehicle. Whether sharing a song behind closed doors with the other members of an ensemble or presenting it onstage to\nManilow Hits “The Talk,” Donates $500K to Vegas Music Ed Programs Las Vegas crooner and tireless music education advocate Barry Manilow recently appeared on the\nGood Fight\nAs music educators know, teaching music and conducting a choir involves a great deal more than just showing up with an arm full of sheet","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1189855"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5201238989830017,"wiki_prob":0.5201238989830017,"text":"Home > China's JF-17 Found Success As A Cheaper MiG-21 And F-16 Hybrid\nChina's JF-17 Found Success As A Cheaper MiG-21 And F-16 Hybrid\nAugust 25, 2020 Topic: Security Region: Asia Blog Brand: The Reboot Tags: ChinaAir ForceMilitaryTechnologyJetFighterJF-17Pakistan\nA poor nation can field a relatively modern fighter for a very low price.\nby Charlie Gao\nHere's What You Need To Remember: The largest advantage of the JF-17 is its cost. At only 15 million per plane in its most basic configuration, the JF-17 is far cheaper than any of its competitors, even used. Block II JF-17s cost around the same margin, with Myanmar buying them for only 16 million per unit. This has been the key to the JF-17’s export success.\nChina’s JF-17 “Thunder” multirole fighter is one of China’s most successful aerospace exports. While it was designed from the outset to be an export fighter, its road to service was very rocky, involving decades of development and even American involvement at some points. Design wise, it’s a fusion of the MiG-21 and the F-16 Fighting Falcon. The most recent blocks of the JF-17 have introduced advanced capabilities that nominally put it on par with designs twenty years its senior. But how exactly did the United States help in creating the JF-17? Does the ancient airframe hold it back, or can it be worked around?\nThe JF-17 evolved out of a series of projects to produce an upgrade for the Pakistani Air Force’s fleet of Chengdu Aircraft Corporation (CAC) J-7 fighters. As Pakistan was one of the primary facilitators of U.S. aid to the anti-Soviet Afghan Mujaheddin, the United States was willing to provide aid to Pakistan in other defense sectors. As the Soviets were preparing to field their next generation lightweight fighter; the MiG-29, Pakistan wanted an aircraft that could counter it.\nThis resulted in Project Sabre II, an attempt to modernize the J-7s conducted by CAC and Grumman. The original iteration of Sabre II only stretched the fuselage of the J-7, redesigned the control surfaces, and changed the location and size of the air intakes. However the Sabre II was unable to reach the performance of contemporary American fighters or the projected performance of the MiG-29 with this configuration, so Project Sabre II was canned.\nHowever, the three countries decided to have another go at it later in the 1980s, resulting in the “Super 7” project. This time the wingspan was increased and formed into a similar configuration to the F-16 in addition to the prior aerodynamic changes. Grumman pulled out of the Super 7 project in 1989 due to Tiananmen Square and the resulting fallout. The project remained on ice for around 10 years as negotiations between China and Pakistan continued. A feasibility study to see if future development would be fruitful was commissioned in 1992, it was successful so a memorandum to continue development was signed.\nIn 1998 China and Pakistan recommenced serious development of the Super 7. Costs were split 50/50 between the Pakistani government and CAC and the aircraft was renamed JF-17 As Grumman had dropped out, the fighter needed a new powerplant. A solution was found in the Russian Mikoyan design bureau, which offered the Klimov RD-93 engine which was originally designed for the canceled MiG-33 fighter jet. The RD-93 was an advanced version of the RD-33 used on the MiG-29, however, only one RD-93 is used on the JF-17 in contrast to two RD-33s in a MiG-29.\nAnother key innovation that occurred during the development process was the inclusion of diverterless supersonic intakes (DSI) on the JF-17 design. The design went through several iterations but is seen on current JF-17 production aircraft. In 2003 the first prototype took to the air. By 2006 the JF-17 was finalized and ready to enter serial production. It was formally adopted in 2007. The first fully Pakistani-manufactured JF-17 was created in 2008.\nThe JF-17’s designers have proven adept at keeping up with the times following its entry into service. The initial run of fighters for Pakistan have been referred to as Block I JF-17s. Block II JF-17s introduced a multitude of new capabilities and upgrades, including composites in the airframe for reduced weight, air to air refueling, a full fly-by-wire system, and a better radar. China offered to replace the Russian RD-93s with their own WS-13 in Block II JF-17s, but Pakistan opted to stick with the Russian engine.\nFor the Block III, China hopes to add an AESA radar to the JF-17 and further improve the avionics and weapons compatibility of the JF-17. The standard JF-17 features the MIL-STD-1760 databus in some implementations, allowing for compatibility with Western and Eastern weapons. One potential weakness of the JF-17 is its internal cannon, which is still the double-barrel GSh-23, a legacy of its MiG-21 heritage. This cannon is outperformed by practically any other autocannon mounted on a modern combat aircraft. However, given the relative infrequency of cannon usage in modern air combat, this is not a big issue.\nThe largest advantage of the JF-17 is its cost. At only 15 million per plane in its most basic configuration, the JF-17 is far cheaper than any of its competitors, even used. Block II JF-17s cost around the same margin, with Myanmar buying them for only 16 million per unit. This has been the key to the JF-17’s export success. A poor nation can field a relatively modern fighter for a very low price. It is yet to be seen whether it can actually perform at its price point in combat, but Pakistan seems to be satisfied with what the JF-17 can do in trials. In many ways, China has updated the budget fighter of the last generation, the MiG-21, for the modern era with the help and additional design cues from the F-16.\nCharlie Gao studied political and computer science at Grinnell College and is a frequent commentator on defense and national-security issues. This article first appeared in 2018.\nImage: Wikipedia.\nSource URL: https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/chinas-jf-17-found-success-cheaper-mig-21-and-f-16-hybrid-167723","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line422603"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.746734082698822,"wiki_prob":0.746734082698822,"text":"Subway:\nFranchise Lender Butler Capital Commits $30 Million For Subway® Franchisee Loans\nBy: Subway | 0 Shares 126 Reads\nHUNT VALLEY, MD (Wednesday, February 21, 2007) - Through its Franchise Finance Division, national commercial lender Butler Capital Corporation has committed $30 million in financing this year for SUBWAY® restaurant franchisees throughout the U.S.\nDoctor's Associates Inc. (DAI), franchisor of SUBWAY® restaurants, in 2005 designated Butler as one of only six approved lenders for its entire international operation. Of the six, Butler is one of only three direct lenders.\nIn making the commitment to support SUBWAY® restaurant franchisees, Butler's chief operating officer, Joseph P. Serio, executive vice president, said, \"Butler's principal business line is franchise funding, particularly in the fast-casual restaurant arena. SUBWAY® restaurants are the world's top submarine sandwich franchisor, so it's fitting that we dedicate our attention and our dollars to supporting a winning organization.\"\nEstablished in 1978, Butler Capital is an independent, national lender that provides general business loans and leases. Its lending teams specialize in the fast-casual franchise restaurant, car wash, convenience store, drycleaning, and office furnishings/equipment markets. In addition, Butler maintains an active lessor/broker unit to purchase individual transactions and portfolios from brokers, lessors, and financial institutions nationwide and a sales finance unit that works with manufacturers to fund their customers' purchase of goods and services.\nGuests in 112 countries have easy access to a fresh line-up of vegetables for their made-to-order sandwiches and salads at more than 44,700 franchised locations.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1493394"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9294934868812561,"wiki_prob":0.9294934868812561,"text":"Ventura man arrested after foot pursuit by police\nA Ventura man was arrested Thursday after a patrol officer recognized him, while he was sitting in a car, as someone who had a felony arrest warrant issued for him, the Ventura Police Department said.\nPolice said Danny Speer, 57, who was a passenger in a vehicle, jumped out and ran along the 100 block of West Simpson Street at 3:15 p.m.\nPolice said Speer eventually hid in some bushes. Police also said they ordered Speer to come out but he refused. Speer was arrested after police said they used a Taser on him.\nSpeer was then taken to the Ventura County Medical Center where he was examined and released. He was then booked into Ventura County Jail in connection with a felony warrant, police said.\nPolice said Speer was also booked on suspicion of possession of methamphetamine, possession of narcotics paraphernalia and resisting arrest.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1843971"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7488701939582825,"wiki_prob":0.7488701939582825,"text":"This is how we will be protected against Asteroids threats\nHome/Posts/TECHNOLOGY/Space/This is how we will be protected against Asteroids threats\nNASA is organizing the Planetary Defense Coordination Office, a task force against asteroid threats.\nNASA has formalized its ongoing program for detecting and tracking near-Earth objects (NEOs) as the Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO).\nAbove: The Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) 1 telescope on Maui’s Mount Haleakala, Hawaii has produced the most near-Earth object discoveries of the NASA-funded NEO surveys in 2015. Credits: University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy / Rob Ratkowski\nMore than 13,500 near-Earth objects of all sizes have been discovered to date—more than 95 percent of them since NASA-funded surveys began in 1998. About 1,500 NEOs are now detected each year.\nThe office will be responsible for supervision of all NASA-funded projects to find and characterize asteroids and comets that pass near Earth’s orbit around the sun. It will also take a leading role in coordinating interagency and intergovernmental efforts in response to any potential impact threats.\nJohn Grunsfeld, associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington, said:\n“Asteroid detection, tracking and defense of our planet is something that NASA, its interagency partners, and the global community take very seriously. While there are no known impact threats at this time, the 2013 Chelyabinsk super-fireball and the recent ‘Halloween Asteroid’ close approach remind us of why we need to remain vigilant and keep our eyes to the sky.”\nNASA has been engaged in worldwide planning for planetary defense for some time, and this office will improve and expand on those efforts, working with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and other federal agencies and departments.\nOn the other hand, AIM is proposed as ESA’s contribution to a larger international endeavour, the Asteroid Impact & Deflection Assessment (AIDA) mission.\nA close-Earth encounter of the binary asteroid 65803 Didymos (1996 GT) in October 2022 provides the optimal target for such a mission, allowing an impact on Didymos’ secondary body to change its orbital period around the primary by a measureable amount – as seen both from ground observatories and from a rendezvous spacecraft.\nAs part of AIDA, two independent spacecraft would be sent to Didymos:\nAn asteroid impactor – the NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) Mission led by the John Hopkins’ Applied Physics Laboratory in the United States\nAn asteroid rendezvous spacecraft – the ESA Asteroid Impact Mission (AIM).\nAIDA is composed of the projectile called DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) and an observer satellite called AIM (Asteroid Impact Mission), each under study by NASA and ESA, respectively.The combination of both spacecrafts is referred to as AIDA. As in the separate DART and AIM studies, the target of this mission is the binary asteroid system (65803) Didymos. For a successful joint mission, one spacecraft, DART would impact the secondary of the Didymos binary system in October 2022 while AIM would first characterize the target asteroid (surface and internal properties), observe the impact event and measure any change in the relative orbit.\nsources NASA, ESA\nBy Agis F|2017-07-18T12:34:45+03:00Jan 14, 2016|Categories: Space|Tags: asteroid|\nLamborghini Space Key NFT\nRadian Aerospace reveals plans to build a Spaceplane","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1762838"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.662580668926239,"wiki_prob":0.662580668926239,"text":"Autodesk Inc. Eyes Drones and IoT to Fuel Growth\nThe 3D software king is forging ahead with its transition to new, cutting-edge markets.\nTim Brugger\n(timbrugger)\nTim has been writing professionally for several years after spending 18 years (Whew! Was it that long?)in both the retail and institutional side of the financial services industry. Tim resides in Portland, Oregon with his three children and the family dog.\nFollow @FoolInvesting\nIt was six months ago that 3D-design software leader Autodesk (NASDAQ:ADSK) announced the launch of its Forge developer platform, a move intended to facilitate its transition into a cloud-based company. Forge provides a means for developers to extend Autodesk's suite of cloud-based solutions, which in turn is expected to fuel CEO Carl Bass' efforts to boost recurring revenue via subscription sales and fend off fast-growing competitors, including France-based Dassault Systemes (OTC:DASTY).\nBased on Autodesk's fiscal first-quarter 2017 results, announced May 19, subscription sales, recurring revenue, and deferred sales all performed admirably. However, while peers like Dassault were reporting top- and bottom-line growth, Autodesk's transformation initiatives have taken a near-term toll on sales: dropping 21% to $511 million last quarter.\nThe answer, as per Bass, is Autodesk's Forge platform, along with investments in new, fast-growing markets via its $100 million investment fund. And it's wasting no time in getting its transition and investments in tech upstarts into full swing.\nImage source: Autodesk.\nIf the recently completed Forge developers conference is any indication, Autodesk's emphasis on cloud-based product offerings is off to a strong start. The company said it hosted more than 1,000 cloud developers during the conference, held June 15 and 16 in San Francisco. That's not a bad showing just six months after it introduced Forge to the dev world.\nThere was no shortage of new product and development announcements, including expanding the Forge platform to assist developers in building new 3D-printing features, improving data management capabilities, and transforming 3D images into usable information, all delivered via the cloud. That's great stuff and should give developers everything they need to expand Autodesk's suite of services.\nBut the Forge platform developments took a backseat to news of Autodesk's investments in a few upstarts that are on the leading edge of the drone and Internet of Things markets.\nThe future begins now\nIn the next five years, sales of drones are expected to grow by 50% to $12 billion, largely due to commercial and government enterprises, including military applications, and the construction, telecom, and energy industries. That's a lot of upside, and explains why Autodesk announced at its Forge gathering that it had invested an undisclosed sum in leading drone maker 3D Robotics.\n3D Robotics is already using the Forge system to capture data and images from its drones and transform that information into engineering data. Autodesk and its 3D design software is ideal for data-collecting drones, and its recent commitment to 3D Robotics, though likely small-ish -- remember, Autodesk committed \"just\" $100 million for its entire investment fund -- opens the doors to a world of revenue-generating opportunities.\nAnother of Autodesk's intriguing investments is in Seebo, a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform designed to transform \"simple,\" everyday objects into IoT \"smart\" technologies. Everything from toys to fashion are made \"smart\" by simply dragging and dropping connected components including sensors, bluetooth, and GPS, into a product design framework.\nAs is the case with 3D Robotics, Seebo is already an avid Forge system developer. The combination of Seebo's SaaS solutions with Autodesk is designed for \"manufacturers to tap into the world of IoT simply, securely and cost effectively.\"\nThis year is expected to see some 6.4 billion IoT connected \"things\" in use, a 30% jump from 2015. And depending on which market estimate you choose to believe, the revenue possibilities are seemingly endless, with some suggesting IoT will grow into a trillion-dollar -plus opportunity. Autodesk's IoT forays are in their early stages to be sure, but with so much upside, even a slice of such a huge revenue pie will move the needle.\nDespite Autodesk's drop in revenue, which was particularly painful given one of its primary competitors, Dassault, reported a 6% jump in sales, its 132,000 sequential jump in subscriptions is nothing short of spectacular. As was Autodesk's 9% increase in annualized recurring revenue to $1.44 billion and 32% jump in deferred sales to $1.52 billion.\nThe transformation is picking up steam, and as Autodesk's recent investments indicate, its future is no longer tied to desktop software, and that bodes well for growth investors with some patience.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1669839"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7983250617980957,"wiki_prob":0.7983250617980957,"text":"HomeIran News NowIran: EU’s Appeasement Policy and Its Consequences\nIran: EU’s Appeasement Policy and Its Consequences\nWritten by Shamsi Saadati\nThe international response to recent crises has made it clear that the myth of Iranian moderation is alive. Much of the European countries remain amenable to the idea of negotiating with some representatives of the Iranian regime, on the assumption that they also represent a faction that is at odds with hardliners like Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). But that assumption is groundless, and Tehran’s continued exploitation of foreign interlocutors should make it clear that the assumption is harmful to global security.\nWhen the current president of the regime, Hassan Rouhani, was elected in 2013, many Western policymakers embraced it as a sign that substantial reform was pending in the country. Some even portrayed the election as a sort of delayed triumph for the 2009 protests that erupted four years earlier after the disputed reelection of Rouhani’s predecessor, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Those protests were brutally suppressed, and the people’s demands were rejected out of hand. Rouhani’s election came as a surprise because the intervening four years produced no meaningful changes which suggested that the stage had been set for moderate leadership.\nThis should have been recognized as a clue that Rouhani’s moderate credentials were illusory. But even among those who failed to recognize the preexisting signs of his adherence to hardline principles, there should have been a rapid loss of faith in moderation after his first year in office failed to demonstrate follow-through on any of his promised reforms. Yet some in the West contented themselves with the belief that Tehran was moving toward compromise in the nuclear sphere, and that once this was achieved it would herald broader change.\nA nuclear deal did finally arrive on the scene in 2015, but it was rightly derided by serious critics of the Iranian regime for giving away sanctions relief to the mullahs in exchange for limited, short-term restrictions on nuclear enrichment, and no further transparency on the past military dimensions of the nuclear program. But while the preamble of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action promised that it would contribute to a more peaceful environment in the Middle East, its implementation coincided with the ongoing escalation of Iran’s regional meddling.\nDomestic conditions in Iran didn’t show any signs of progress during Rouhani’s first term, either. Instead, the era seemed to soon be defined by increased repression of political dissent and free expression in general.\nNear the end of Rouhani’s first term, a leaked audio recording from 1988 made it widely known that his first Justice Minister, Mostafa Pourmohammadi, had played a major role in that year’s massacre of 30,000 political prisoners. Pourmohammadi would go on to publicly declare that he felt proud to have helped carry out “God’s command” by executing the main targets of that massacre, members of the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI-MEK). Although he was removed from his position ahead of Rouhani’s second term, he has otherwise faced no consequences, and he was promptly replaced by Alireza Avaiee, another participant in the same massacre.\nMostafa Pour-Mohammadi defends Iran's 1988 massacre\nNow Rouhani is nearing the end of his second term in office, and it is widely anticipated that he will be replaced by an avowed hardliner following a purge of “reformists” from the ballots during last year’s parliamentary elections. After the past seven years, the global consensus should tend toward an understanding that this doesn’t actually make a difference. It should be clear to all that the moderate and hardline factions represent a distinction without a difference, and that the 2015 nuclear deal is not sufficient to set one apart from the other, least of all in the aftermath of Iran’s systematic violations and the ultimatum underlying its recent decision – wholly embraced by both factions – to resume enriching uranium to 20 percent fissile purity.\nThat may be one of the last decisions that defines Rouhani’s legacy, and yet many Western policymakers are looking toward the end of this era while wringing their hands over the pending loss of some vague opportunity that never really made itself known. Some are even pushing for the incoming US presidential administration to promptly reenter the nuclear deal that the previous administration pulled out of in 2018, even if doing so involves the renewed suspension of economic sanctions or an offer of other concessions that effectively reward Tehran for its malign activity.\nThis is not a regime made up of hardliners and reformists jostling for dominance; it is an irredeemable religious dictatorship wherein both factions swear loyalty to a single ruling theocrat while working together to bamboozle foreign adversaries into turning a blind eye to his agenda in hopes of promoting domestic reforms that will never come.\n1988 Massacre\nMEK-Iran\nPrevious articleIran: Executions Continue as International Community Remains Silent\nNext articleIran: Coronavirus Death Toll in 478 Cities Surpasses 203,400\nIran News in Brief – January 28, 2022\nIranian Regime’s State Radio and Television Disrupted. Images of Massoud Rajavi and Mrs. Maryam Rajavi Broadcast","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1193266"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5235542058944702,"wiki_prob":0.4764457941055298,"text":"Saxena Lab\nElectrical Engineering @ University of Florida\nWelcome to the Saxena Lab for Neural Control!\nAbout the PI\nShreya Saxena\nDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering @ UF\nWarren B. Nelms Institute for the Connected World\nNorman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases\nShreya Saxena is as an Assistant Professor at the University of Florida in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in the Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering. At UF, she is affiliated with the Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, the Warren B. Nelms Insititute for the Connected World and the Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases.\nBefore this, Shreya was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Center for Theoretical Neuroscience at the Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia University, working with Liam Paninski and John Cunningham. Here, she was affiliated with the Department of Statistics, and being generously funded by the Postdoc Mobility Fellowship offered by the Swiss National Science Foundation.\nShreya completed her PhD in the Laboratory of Information and Decision Systems at the Massachusetts Institute of Techonology, working with Munther Dahleh in the Department of Electrical Engineering. Prior to this, she received an MSc from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University, working with Sridevi V. Sarma. She did her undergraduate degree at Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland.\nHere is a link to Shreya’s CV. She can be reached at shreya.saxena_at_ufl_dot_edu.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1556286"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6915891766548157,"wiki_prob":0.3084108233451843,"text":"Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy Greenway\nby Calé\nThrough a superficial observation of the Seekers series, we, as observers, are inclined to reject the portraits we present as failures. They show signs of poor technical capacity as the main character of each photo is quite blurred and overexposed. With the fully automatic cameras of our time, it should be possible to make sharp, well-exposed photos. But Brazilian artist Calé has created a series with such rigor that we necessarily have to surrender to his figurative language and enter the premises of his photographs.\nBecause the conditions for our existence in large cities seem to be the same regardless of where we are in the world, the series is not about specific people or places, but the temporal places in which we find ourselves. It is no coincidence that we are in the urban space, where each person is supposedly surrounded by many other people. However, the photographs are reproduced isolated, alone and anonymous. Nowhere are we more solitary than when surrounded by strangers.\nJens Friis\nCurator and Director\nBrandts Museum, Denmark\nCalé cale.art.br\nCalé has been a editorial and commercial photographer for the last 17 years, and had clients such as National Geographic, Newsweek, Vogue, GQ, NY Times, Petrobras, Cachaça Leblon, Banco Icatu, among others. In the last 3 years he has been dedicating more time to his art work, part of a big life change. His work looks into the universe of his inner experiences and questions love, sexuality, identity and spiritual arise. His photos have been seen in galleries, museums and festivals in Denmark, Russia, Ireland, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and USA He recently won the XIII Marc Ferrez Prize in Brazil, a USD$ 22.000,00 grant, and in 2011 he won the Iberoamericanos Award and Best Porfolio in Encuentros Abiertos Argentina 2012.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1421598"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6111337542533875,"wiki_prob":0.6111337542533875,"text":"October 31, 2018 by Ernest Johnson\nFormer Public Administrator Employee Indicted for Stealing\nOver $78,000 From Estates of Eight Decedents\nAllegedly Used Stolen Funds on a Cruise, Bills, Shopping and More\nBrooklyn District Attorney Eric Gonzalez, together with New York City Department of Investigation Commissioner Mark G. Peters, today announced that a former case manager at the Office of the Kings County Public Administrator has been indicted on grand larceny and other charges for allegedly stealing over $78,000 from the estates of eight deceased individuals whose estates his agency was administering.\nDistrict Attorney Gonzalez said, “This defendant abused his position and betrayed the public trust by allegedly stealing tens of thousands of dollars that he then used for his personal expenses. A thorough investigation uncovered the extent of his alleged theft and we will now seek to hold him accountable. Public corruption and abuse of power will not be tolerated in Brooklyn.”\nCommissioner Peters said, “This public servant misused his position in the Kings County Public Administrator’s Office to allegedly access the debit and credit card accounts of several deceased persons, stealing tens of thousands of dollars from their estates and using the money for lavish purchases, according to the charges. DOI’s report issued today details the alleged criminal conduct and makes recommendations to KCPA to address vulnerabilities in its policies and procedures to prevent future crimes. DOI thanks the Brooklyn District Attorney’s Office for their partnership in this investigation.”\nThe District Attorney identified the defendant as Fitzroy Thompson, 36, of Park Slope, Brooklyn. He was arraigned today before Brooklyn Supreme Court Justice Danny Chun on an indictment in which he is charged with second-degree grand larceny, third-degree corrupting the government, first-degree scheme to defraud and first- and third-degree identity theft. The defendant was ordered to return to court on January 9, 2019. He faces up to 15 years in prison if convicted of the top count.\nThe District Attorney said that, according to the investigation, the defendant was employed as a case manager at the Office of the Kings County Public Administrator, which administers estates of those who die without a last will and testament or without family members who are able to administer their estates. Between July 2017 and April 2018, the defendant allegedly stole a total of $78,325 in funds from estates being administered by the Public Administrator.\nIt is alleged that the defendant used credit cards and checking accounts belonging to estates of eight decedents whose cases he handled or could access to make various purchases and payments. In January 2018, he booked a cruise with Carnival Cruise Line, using one of the decedent’s credit cards to pay a $2,741 fee, the investigation found. He also allegedly used estate funds unlawfully to make ATM withdrawals exceeding $35,000, to make lease payments on a 2017 Nissan Pathfinder and a 2016 Nissan Altima, to make rent payments in connection with two properties, to pay phone and cable bills, to buy JetBlue airline tickets to Nassau, Bahamas and to make purchases at Walmart, Fingerhut and other companies.\nThe defendant was arrested in March 2018 after the executor of one estate noticed charges on his deceased relative’s account, including the cruise payment, and filed a police report. A subsequent investigation discovered the additional alleged larcenies. The defendant was suspended upon his arrest and resigned from the Office of the Public Administrator in July.\nDistrict Attorney Gonzalez thanked the Kings County Public Administrator’s Office, its staff and Public Administrator Richard Buckheit for their cooperation and assistance with this investigation.\nThe case was investigated by Senior Investigative Auditor Helen Gromadsky and Deputy Inspector General and Special Counsel Spector of the New York City Department of Investigation, under the supervision of Inspector General Eleonora Rivkin, Associate Commissioner Andrew Brunsden, Deputy Commissioner/Chief of Investigations Susan Lambiase, and First Deputy Commissioner Lesley Brovner. The case was also investigated by New York City Police Department Detective Mitchell Eisenberg of the 60th Precinct Detective Squad.\nThe case is being prosecuted by Senior Assistant District Attorney Adam Libove, of the District Attorney’s Public Integrity Unit with the assistance of Investigative Paralegal Zachary Gitman, under the supervision of Assistant District Attorney Michel Spanakos, Chief of the Public Integrity Unit, and the overall supervision of Assistant District Attorney Patricia McNeill, Deputy Chief of the District Attorney’s Investigations Division and Mark Feldman, Senior Executive Assistant District Attorney for Crime Strategies and Investigations\nAn indictment is an accusatory instrument and not proof of a defendant’s guilt.\nCategories Press Releases\nBrooklyn Man Indicted for Scheme Where He Allegedly Used Counterfeit Bills When Buying Smartphones and Laptop from Online Sellers\nBrooklyn Man Convicted of Breaking into Apartment and Sexually Assaulting Bushwick Woman Who Previously Hired Him to Clean Her Apartment","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1832274"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6438699960708618,"wiki_prob":0.3561300039291382,"text":"Home / Fulltext / Swot analysis of gwadar and chabahar port\nSWOT Analysis of Gwadar and Chabahar Port\nGwadar and Chabahar port both have significance due to their geostrategic position for the emerging economic powers of Asia, India, and China. Gwadar port managed by China under the CPEC agreement, while on the other side, Chabahar port funded by India under Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) which was signed on 23 May 2016 between India, Afghanistan, and Iran. Both ports are located in a significant strategic position for an energy trade route to connect Central Asia, Middle East, and Europe. Due to economic cost, both ports came into competition with each other. However, Iran and Pakistan both states deny any competition with each other and both states keenly interested in building cooperation and connections with each other. No doubt China is the emerging economic power of the world while the US try to contain China’s growing influence in the Asian region for its resources. This paper focused on the nature of both ports and built arguments that possible strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threat in the light of comparative analysis through descriptive studies.\nGwadar, Chabahar, Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats, CPEC\nChina and India are emerging economies of Asia. They both want to make their influence in the resource-rich region of Central Asia. China starts a project in Gwadar, the city of Balochistan in Pakistan, to build a seaport and wants to connect this port to a less develop Western part of China. As a result, India, to contain the growing influence of China in the region, India starts a project to build a seaport in Chabahar located and an important strategic position in Iran to make its influence stronger in Afghanistan and Central Asia. Both countries invest huge amount of money in these projects. Gwadar is the world deepest seaport; it has a large capacity for upcoming ships. On the other hand, Chabahar is only just a few meters deep; it has a low capacity as compared to Gwadar. Chabahar route is unsafe and unclear due to some militant’s groups that have control in a large area of Afghanistan, and there is no trained army or security force in Afghanistan like Pakistan. The Chabahar project is delay due to a lack of funding by India. Iran dropped India from the Chabahar railway project and made a deal with China. China wants to connect CPEC (China– Pakistan Economic Corridor) with Iran and other countries. Gwadar seaport has such a lot of significance due to it has the secure and shortest route for Central Asia and Western China to reach the warm sea. It's important to decrease Chinese dependence on the ‘Strait of Malacca’ and South China sea disputed routes, the port of Gwadar would provide China with another shortest and safe route for oil imports from the Middle East, thereby minimize shipping costs and reduce times. Gwadar is a new transit hub for the Landlocked Central Asian Republics (Malik, 2012).\nChabahar is beneficial for Iran because it is the alternate port of Iran. It is the merely Iranian port with direct access to the Indian Ocean. It also has significance for Afghanistan because it provides a gateway for Afghans. Both ports provide many opportunities to their native. Finically supports their own countries. They help to increase the GDP, decrease poverty, and provide a job for youth. India also wants to increase their influence in Afghanistan by the route of Chabahar.\nGwadar Development under CPEC\nGwadar Port, located in Balochistan, is the only deep seaport which links China to the Middle East and provides a route to warm waters which can help China to develop its western province Xingjian by attaching its western regions to the rest of the world (Salim & Sultana). In the past 1987, China also constructed the Karakoram highway as a symbol of friendship and road connectivity which will be extended through CPEC and linked with Gwadar port. The port of Gwadar provides an alternative shipping route to China instead of ‘Malacca Strait’ and the South China Sea. Gwadar port will be able to improve the logistic structure of the Xinjiang region. Once the CPEC project will be fully functional and connected with Central Asian states through Xinjiang province, they can easily exchange their products in lower prices, and Gwadar port is the nearest port for Central Asian landlocked states (Bashir, Rashid, Ikram, & Tanveer, 2018). Gwadar port also provides access to oil transportation and the shortest route to Middle Eastern and African countries through Gwadar port, as shown in figure 1 (below).\nFigure 1: Importance of Gwadar Port for the World\nSource:https://defence.pk/pdf/threads/gwadar-port-implications-for-gcc-and-china.474961/ (accessed on 04-05-2020)\nIn 1958, Pakistan obtained Gwadar port from the Sultan of Oman with the ambition of developing a deep seaport. Having a deep seaport remained a dream until Karachi port came under attack by Indian forces in the war of 1971 between Pakistan and India. Developing a seaport in Gwadar will help as an alternative trade route for Pakistan. Post-war scenario, the plan of a port was implemented, but due to the lack of funds, ports could not be constructed. During 1988-1992, a small port was built in Gwadar (Ahmad, 2016). The proper development of Gwadar port started in 2002 when China took responsibility for Gwadar port development, and in 2013, they launched the CPEC project, and Gwadar port development became an essential part of this completely under the supervision of Chinese company. Pakistan experienced the same naval threats during the Kargil war 1999 and in 2001-2002 during a direct conflict with India, which forced Pakistan to have some substitute hub and naval base as an alternate trade route and provide a backup to Karachi and Port Qasim to counter future Indian threat (Kanwal, 2018).\nPhases of Gwadar Port\nChinese company completed the first phase of Gwadar port in 2005. In 2007 President Musharaff along, Chinese minister of communication Mr. Li Shenglin, inaugurated it. The total capacity and area of phase I is around 3 berths, used for cargo shipments coming from west China, American continents, Middle East, and Africa. Phase II was during 2005-2010, under the port supervision of the Singapore authority (PSA). The suggested plan for up-gradation of Gwadar port included enhancing the berths from 3 to 9, which would increase the shortage capacity of the port. Due to unfavourable circumstances of Balochistan, the upgradation of the port was not done by PSA (Zaheer, 2006). In 2013, Pakistani leadership handed it over to COPHC for 49 years lease for further development and trading; the first shipment was made from Gwadar in 2008. Currently, China completely controls the development of the Gwadar port, and it also shows the importance of the Gwadar port for China as it has become the prime hub of the CPEC project; without the Gwadar port, we cannot imagine CPEC.\nGwadar port is the third-largest port in the world and can be utilized for commercial activities of the whole region (Naseem, 2014). Strategically it is situated at a prime location and only 72 km away from Chabahar port which tries to challenge and counter Gwadar port importance. Gwadar is located on the mouth of the Persian Gulf and gateway to the Strait of Hormuz. The Chinese government decided to construct a naval base in Jiwani, 40 km away from Gwadar, for the protection of this port and ongoing trade (Khetran, 2014).\nGwadar Free Zone\nGwadar port also has a free zone called (GFZ). In 2013, Gwadar free zone was taken over by China overseas ports holding company (COPHC) for expansion of Gwadar after the agreement inked between the Gwadar port authority (GPA), Singapore port authority and COPHC. GFZ is situated in the northern part of Gwadar, which is 7 km away from the existing port. The Gwadar free zone will be developed till 2030 under four phases. The total area of these free zone is 923 hectares. These free zones will provide cargo capacity and also will develop industry near the port area (Parliamentary Committee on China Pakistan Economic Corridor CPEC, 2015-2017). The early development of the port is primarily based on cold storage, fishery processing, agriculture processing, infrastructure, marble processing, container yards, warehouse, business centre, trade exhibition hall, halal food processing, packaging, rest and recreation, hotel, and medical facilities etc.\nAccording to the Parliamentary report on CPEC 2015-2017, they prefer local people to work for the development of GFZ, and around 497 locals’ employees are already serving. During the construction work of the free zone, 2000 jobs will be created for the locals, and more jobs will be available with the development of the free zone. In the management of COPHC, the Faqeer school project completed in Gwadar, granting scholarships to local youth, supplying fresh water to locals, further progress of the free zone is in the process (Zaheer, 2006).\nThe planned GFZ expansions are mostly granted by the Chinese government through COPHC. As the president of Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry (RCCI ) stated, “There is unfair projection done by the government on Gwadar port, is not much progress has been done there, which they are projecting to the public.” More, he added, “Gwadar port has potential, but we are not capable enough to use that potential. There is dire need to do a lot of work” (Khan, 2018/Interview). In Table 1 the details of Gwadar master plan and progress detail is mentioned.\nTable 1. Gwadar Master Plan\nS. No\nEstimated Cost US$ Million\nFinancing Mechanism\nCOPHC\nConcessional Loan\nGwadar International Airport\nGwadar Smart Port City Master Plan\nChinese Fourth Harbour Design Institute (FDHI) CCCC\nCompleted in August 2018\nGwadar Eastbay Expressway\n(19 km, connecting Gwadar Port\nto Mehran Coastal Highway),\nGwadar Eastbay Expressway II\n(19 km, connecting Eastbay\nExpressway I to New Gwadar\nInternational Airport to New\nA mix of Chinese Government Concessional Loan and Grant\nGwadar Pak-China Friendship\nChinese Government Grant\nGwadar Vocational Training and technical college\nGwadar Port Authority or any Financial Framework Agreement under CPEC\nGwadar Faqeer Primary School\nChinese Communications Construction Company Ltd. (CCCCL)\nNecessary facilities for freshwater treatment, water supply and distribution\nDredging of Breathing Areas & channels\nChinese Government Concessional Loan & Grant\nFeasibility phase\nConstruction of Breakwater\nConcessional Loan & Grant\nBao Steel Park, petrochemicals,\nstainless steel and other industries in Gwadar\nUpgradation and development\nof fishing, boat making, and\nmaintenance services to protect.\nand promote livelihoods of the\nlocal population\nDevelopment of Gwadar University (Social Sector Development)\nSource: The Ministry of Planning and Commission and the China Pakistan Institute (22 Feb 2018)\nGwadar free zone is located 632 km away from Karachi and accessed through Makran coastal highway, and it is 120 km away from the Iran border. Gwadar is linked through road and air with the major cities of Pakistan, and a planned airport will connect the city with major airports of the world. In Table 1 it is clearly indicated that only three projects were completely granted from China, whereas the remaining were on concessional loans taken from the Chinese government. The total expected cost on the development of the Gwadar project is 1.62 billion US dollars (A. Hassan, 2005). Here the question arises that if China is not fully invested in Gwadar, then why Pakistan handed over Gwadar to China for the next 40 years with 91 percent revenue collection to China, and Pakistan will receive only 9 percent of revenue. The concern of revenue production was raised by the Minister of Shipping and port Hasil Beizinjo during a Senate meeting in December 2017. Gwadar port has a significant strategic position for global trading activities, so it is essential for the Pakistan government to close a deal on equal terms and conditions. Another concern is that if Pakistan will collect only 9 percent revenue from Gwadar port, then how it will pay back the loan because Pakistan does not have sufficient foreign reserves or export industry. In 9 percent revenue, how many shares Pakistan will give to Balochistan province. Due to these conditions of Pakistan may be in future, China will take over Gwadar port as they\nalready took control of Hambantota port in Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan government signed a deal with China; they gave the port control to China for the next 99 years along with 70 percent revenue collection and the remaining 30 percent for Sri Lanka (Patrick, 2017). To counter this agenda, Pakistani government officials argue that the deal and agreements of Gwadar port are completely different from Hambantota port, and China will never take control of Gwadar port.\nAll the investments which come under the CPEC project will address China’s interests, not Pakistan’s interests. Pakistan will get better infrastructure, modern techniques of communication etc., but all these advancements will be utilized by China for transportation and trade. If Pakistan’s govt and industrialist will not formulate proper, timely policies and steps and how to counter the growing market of Chinese products, it will further lead Pakistan towards Chinese dependency. Pakistan is already facing foreign debt issue challenges, and CPEC loans will burden Pakistan’s economy.\nChabahar Port\nOn the other hand, Chabahar port which is located southeast of Iran in Sistan and best geostrategic position. It is in a key position to access the Oman Sea, Persian Gulf, and the Indian Ocean. India spending 85 million US dollars primarily on the development of Chabahar port because through Chabahar port India directly access landlocked Afghanistan and rich resources states of Central Asian Republics. After the development of Chabahar port India received rights over this for eighteen months initially. Iran also declared Chabahar port a free trade zone. India is constructing two containers berths with a length of 40 meters and three multi-cargo berths capacity. In figure 2 clearly indicated growing Indian influence in the Persian Gulf region also be able to strengths its maritime presence. The shortest distance of Chabahar Kandla port of India is 550 nautical miles (NM) while the currently define sea route is 650 NM by defining this new route towards Kandla and Mumbai Port it will secure travel cost and time and also avoid the Pakistani coast by a long margin (M. Hassan, 2018).\nFigure 2: Importance of Chabahar Port for India\nSource: google maps.\nWith one of the world's fastest-growing economies, India has felt compelled to explore new ways to extend its economic contacts and get access to new markets. Central Asia is one of the fastest-growing markets. The Gwadar port in Pakistan is one prospective path for India to access Central Asian markets, although India has long sought alternate routes due to its hostile relationship with Pakistan. Afghanistan is one of the possible routes for the country to reach Central Asia. Afghanistan also aims to diversify its trade routes to reach foreign markets and minimize its reliance on Pakistan, which handles most of the Afghan trade due to the country's landlocked status. The Chabahar Agreement was signed in 2003 by India, Afghanistan, and Iran as part of the North-South Transport Corridor concept signature by Chabahar port (Pant & Mehta, 2018).\nThe port of Chabahar is in the province of Sistan and Balochistan in southern Iran, on the Gulf of Oman. Gwadar, Pakistan, located roughly 72 km west along the coast. Chabahar provides a new prospect for India to revive trade links with Afghanistan and Central Asia also monitor China naval presence at Gwadar and counter its ‘Strings of Pearl’ policy in the Indian Ocean. Afghanistan and Central Asian Republics consider Chabahar as another gateway for their import and export. Iran also came out from its isolation in the global community through this regional development (Balooch, 2009). This port also established cooperation and competition for Gwadar port.\nSWOT Analysis of Gwadar with Chabahar Port\nThe port of Gwadar is the backbone of the CPEC project. It will provide China with a short way of transporting its Goods from its western provinces like Xinjiang, Tibet, and Qinghai to the Arabia Sea, in which 60 percent of oil shipping is done. It will play an important role in the less developed western region of China. This project is beneficial for both countries. Pakistan will get infrastructure development, and China can easily transport its goods and fulfil its energy needs by the alternate shortest and secure route. Revenue will also be generated from the toll of moving goods (A. Hassan, 2005).\nBoth ports are located at the mouth of the Strait of Hormuz, which contains two-thirds of the world's oil reserves and through which an estimated 17 billion barrels of crude oil travel every day. Once these ports are fully functioning, it is likely that competition for dominance of regional seaborne trade will emerge (Zeb, 2003).\nThere are some major reasons which indicate the importance of Gwadar port over Chabahar.\nSecurity Threats\nAfter Chabahar in Iran, the next stop for Indian product will be Afghanistan, subsequently to the Central Asian States. Indian goods will not be safe due to the Taliban influence and political instability in Afghanistan, some major insurgent group in Afghanistan they have against Indian ideology. On the other hand, Gwadar also has some security issues like Balochistan has security problems and instability problem from local Baloch groups. Pakistan also established a special security task force with the help of China for the protection of CPEC and Chinese workers.\nIran also has recently launched a nuclear-capable missile, which is a clear violating of a UN Security Council Resolution. Iran supreme leader has made that clear “We will not cooperate with America over the regional crisis. Their aims in the region are 180 degrees opposed to Iran” (Ayatollah Ali Khamenei). Gwadar has no such sanctions on China’s investment anywhere, nor is Pakistan subject to any kind of UN sanctions (Hemmer, 2007).\nBoth China and Pakistan want to work on CPEC because both countries need this project for further economic growth of both countries, China, Russia, five Middle-Asian states and Pakistan, all these countries have an interest in CPEC, these countries also favor CPEC, on the other hand, both China and Pakistan are ready, even if needs they take a military action to stop enemies of CPEC from their aims. So, both countries are trying their best to convert this dream into reality. During the Prime Minister's visit to Pakistan in April 2019, the two nations inked the second phase of the China Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (CPFTA) to increase bilateral trade volume. CPFTA-II started operating on January 1, 2020. It would ensure a level playing field in terms of concessions compared to other rivals, as well as strong safeguard measures to protect domestic industry and improved tariffs as well (Aslam, 2020).\nThis shows the strength of CPEC and, of course, Gwadar, which is part of CPEC. The shortest route for China to reach the Arabian sea goes only through Pakistan. Pakistan and China both have good relations from the beginning, and the ties become stronger with the passage of times.\nGwadar port faced a lot of challenges as compared to Chabahar. Gwadar is situated in the province of Balochistan, which is a resource rich but less developed state. Due to political instability in the Baloch region, Pakistan invested a huge amount for the security of Chinese workers and the development of the CPEC project. The Capital government allocated 17 million US dollars for CPEC safety in the budget of 2017-18. During the budget of 2019-20, the government offer to allocate 1.3 billion US dollars for CPEC related projects, especially for its safety. Furthermore, security forces at the provincial level were also established, like Punjab has its special protection Unit, while Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has passed the formation of a 4200-member security force at the cost of 11.4 million US dollars (Iqbal, 2018). If we see the position of Chabahar, it has no local security concerns like Pakistan.\nWith reference to opportunities, Gwadar, as a relatively small town in the process of development, particularly with a modern port, provides a variety of prospects to potential investors, including those in the following fields: Storage, warehousing, and other port-related infrastructure Hotels, motels, travel, and tourism are all part of the hospitality industry. The port is vital to Pakistan's geopolitical and economic interests. After Karachi and Qasim, it is Pakistan's third-largest deep-water port. It is situated at a major crossroads for international maritime commerce and oil trading. Gwadar has the potential to serve as Pakistan's worldwide trade hub (Takrim & Afeef, 2015).\nThe port of Chabahar will also serve as a check on China's growing position in the Arabian Sea, as China is substantially involved in the construction of Gwadar, a deep seaport in Pakistan's Balochistan region. It is also likely that connections with India and Iran's military cooperation may be expanded, which would be extremely advantageous in countering China's navy in the Indian Ocean.\nThe major threats to Gwadar port are from those who think that this port will damage or end their dreams, like the US, which is in tension due to progressing of China. The US dream is to maintain its status as a Superpower; this dream getting threatens by the growing Chinese economy, which has left behind the US economy in terms of GDP in PPP, which is $25.27 trillion now. It is a common perception that the state which has a bigger economy can accommodate bigger military forces, and the state which has bigger military power can get the status of superpower in the world. So, the US is trying to contain the growing influence of China. Like creating an impression that the CPEC is a threat to Pakistan and forcing other nations of the world to stop trading with China. The US has warned Pakistan that CPEC would push the country deeper into an already stifling debt burden and increase profit to China. News like these will impact CPEC because its main purpose is to provide China with a route to export its goods. Other enemies of CPEC are India, which is looking that these two countries getting improved India is known to support BLA in Balochistan by its intelligence. Kulbhushan Jadhav Indian spy arrested in Balochistan Gwadar proof Indian involvement and objective to create hurdles in the way of CPEC development.\nThe biggest threat to the port of Chabahar is Strict-Policy making the government of Iran itself, as today Iran is under many US sanctions, and if these sanctions remain or increases, the port of Chabahar will be useless India and Central Asian countries. India ignores US threat moves to open Iran's Chabahar port, this shows the US is a threat to Chabahar port, so if the US hold remains in this region, the Chabahar port is in danger, as the US always support Saudi Arabia and Saudi Arabia thinks Iran as a danger for itself, so it somewhat also depends on Saudi Arabia's hold in World politics. To counter US influence, Iran also shakes hand with China and shows its interest to become a part of China’s game-changer project. Recently China and Iran signed an agreement for growing trade, economic and strategic cooperation. China invests $400 to $600 billion in Iran, with some estimates running as high as $800 billion.\nBoth ports are located at the crossroad position of the energy trading route through which 70 percent of the world’s oil shipment passes. Gwadar is just 70 km away from Chabahar, but overall, both have different salient features. As compared to Chabahar, Gwadar is a deep seaport and have more capacity to deal with trans-shipment and dry cargo due to its close Sea Lines of Communication (SLOC) situated on an ideal position. Gwadar is a weather port as well as have more capacity to deal with cargo shipments. Another distinguished feature of Gwadar port is that port development under the lease of China Overseas Port Holding Corporation (COPHC) for 40 years (Khetran, 2018). On other sides, India is invested for the development of Chabahar port, but its operational restraints and control is in the hand of Iran. There is another important perspective that Gwadar is a part of China long term strategy and Belt Road Initiative and target the region of the Middle East and Africa. On the other side, Chabahar is focused on Afghanistan and Central Asian states. In case of cooperation or competition, Iran Ambassador to Pakistan Mehdi Hoonerdost addressing a public gathering on May 27, 2016, at the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad (ISSI) and similarly former Advisor to Prime Minister on Foreign Affairs, Sartaj Aziz, said that Pakistan wants to connect Gwadar with Chabahar trough road and rail links. Iran also shows interest to join the CPEC project. So, both states focus on cooperation rather than the competition but Indian involvement in Chabahar is creating competition and hurdles for Gwadar. The whole scenario focused on a realist perspective and maintained the Balance of Power in the region.\nBoth ports are twin ports, both of which have their own importance. In a case when one port become un-efficient for trading (for example, Chabahar by sanctions of the US), the other port will provide a trade route to Central Asian states. On the other hand, it is just a fantasy created about the Chabahar port, whereas its potentials are so much low than Gwadar’s. Though the Indian economy is growing at a healthy pace of over 7 percent yearly nevertheless, it must manage with high population growth, swelling inflation and financial condition, declining exports, lack of infrastructure, and lots of different considerations. According to research commissioned by the Ministry of Commerce, imports via Chabahar port and international north-south transport corridor INSTC are 30 percent cheaper than those via the Mediterranean-Suez route. The port will allow India to use a sea-land route to deliver products to Afghanistan and Central Asia, bypassing Pakistan. Law and order situation on Iran’s side is not pretty either, and the US disclosed concerns over India-Iran ties too. All such situation increases the questions on the feasibility of Indian capacities for Chabahar and smooth expansion of the project.\nGwadar Port of Pakistan needs extraordinary economic incentives for the country and can be the center stage of the entire recovery process. It is capable of placing Pakistan among the leading economies of the region. Aside from lessening China's reliance on the Strait of Malacca and South China Sea routes, the port of Gwadar will provide China with a new and shorter route for energy imports from the Middle East, lowering shipping costs and transit times. The port of Gwadar is thought to be the closest to other Chinese ports. Pakistan's economy is significantly reliant on Chinese imports. The Gwadar port will be the most convenient port for Chinese imports to enter Pakistan's mainland. This will provide Pakistan's economy with a much-needed boost. Gwadar is providing shorter trade paths to the landlocked country relative to Chabahar. China is getting a cost reductive and time-saving path for exports and imports through Gwadar, and the port will help the new superpower to meet its oil and energy requirements via Gwadar Port. Hence, the port is likely to be “The Golden Bird” for Pakistan.\nView Open\nAhmad, A. (2016). Gwadar: A Historical Kaleidoscope. Policy Perspectives: The Journal of the Institute of Policy Studies, 13(2), 149-166.\nAslam, H. (2020). SDPI E-Newsletter Pak-China Study Centre: January-February 2020.\nBalooch, M. (2009). Iran and India's cooperation in Central Asia. Paper presented at the China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly.\nBashir, R., Rashid, S., Ikram, M., % Tanveer, A. (2018). Geostrategic Importance of Gwadar Port. Journal of Indian Studies, 4(1), 53-64.\nHassan, A. (2005). Pakistan's Gwadar Port-Prospects of Economic Revival. Retrieved from\nHassan, M. (2018). Indian Access to Chabahar And Duqm: Challenges For Pakistan. Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad, Issue Brief.\nHemmer, C. (2007). Responding to a nuclear Iran. Retrieved from\nIqbal, K. (2018). Securing CPEC: Challenges, responses and outcomes. In Securing the belt and road initiative (pp. 197-214): Springer.\nKanwal, G. (2018). Pakistan's Gwadar Port. Center for Strategic and International Studies.\nKhan, M. Z. L. (2018/Interview, May) CPEC project/Interviewer: M. S. Jaleel. Rawalpindi.\nKhetran, M. S. (2014). The potential and prospects of Gwadar Port. Strategic Studies, 34(4/1).\nKhetran, M. S. (2018). Gwadar and Chabahar. Strategic Studies, 38(2), 43-55.\nMalik, H. Y. (2012). Strategic Importance of Gwadar Port. Journal of Political Studies, 19(2).\nNaseem, N. (2014). Geopolitical Value of Gwader for the Region (Mainly for Pakistan, China and the Region). South Asian Studies (1026-678X), 29(2).\nPant, H. V., % Mehta, K. (2018). India in Chabahar: A Regional Imperative. Asian Survey, 58(4), 660- 678.\nParliamentary Committe on China Pakistan Economic Corridor CPEC. (2015-2017).\nPatrick, A. (2017). China-Sri Lanka Strategic Hambantota Port Deal. Ntional Maritime foundation, 2- 8.\nSalim, M., % Sultana, S. Gwadar and its Importance for Pakistan and China. Balochistan.\nTakrim, K., % Afeef, M. (2015). Prospects of Gwadar Port as a Hub Port. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 9(1).\nZaheer, C. K. R. (2006). Development and Operations of the Port of Gwadar. International Federation of Shipmaster's Associations.\nZeb, R. (2003). Gwadar And Chabahar: Competition Or Complimentarity? Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1802796"}
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{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5295614004135132,"wiki_prob":0.5295614004135132,"text":"Number of items: 135.\nAbushagur, Mustafa A. G. (1984) Scattering of Light from Large Cylinders. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/akkw-r889. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11102005-102554\nAines, Roger Deane (1984) Trace Hydrogen in Minerals. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/n7vk-f724. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11092018-122937399\nAlam, Md. Khairul (1984) Nucleation and Condensational Growth of Aerosols: Application to Silicon Production. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/t1x1-p304. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11092005-142825\nAskew, Deidre A. (1984) Electrochemistry of absorbed organic dye molecules. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/3yjq-7a97. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-082538471\nAudett, Jay Douglas (1984) (2,2-Dimethylcyclopropyl)carbinyl Grignard Reagents and the Reactivity of Osmium Tetraoxide and Peroxycarboxylic Acids with Low Valent Iridium Compounds. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/z4g9-cb82. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11122018-101217195\nBanerjee, Utpal (1984) Alamethicin: Secondary Structure in Solution and Interactions with Phospholipid Membranes. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/9y1x-zh89. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10292018-120530235\nBardet, Jean-Pierre (1984) Application of Plasticity Theory to Soil Behavior: A New Sand Model. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/Z23J-9E80. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12212005-143343\nBartroli, Javier Francisco (1984) Stereoselective Aldol Condensations via Boron Enolates. The Syntheses of (+)-Prelog-Djerassi Lactone and (+)-Tylonolide. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/3v27-xh37. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11092018-094859390\nBartur, Meir (1984) Utilization of Silicides for VLSI-Contacts with Aluminum and Thermal Oxidation. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/V36Y-BW59. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11032005-130746\nBassett, Mark Elliott (1984) Mathematical Modeling of Atmospheric Aerosol Equilibria and Dynamics. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/9mvc-2t06. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11092005-105529\nBaxter, David Verge (1984) EXAFS Studies of La-Ga Metallic Glasses. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/NHED-5T47. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11072005-153348\nBerry, Donald Harry (1984) Studies of the Reactivity of Permethylzirconocene Complexes with Binuclear Transition Metal Carbonyl Compounds. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/yahb-n031. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10242018-111901394\nBoslough, Mark Bruce (1984) Shock-Wave Properties and High-Pressure Equations of State of Geophysically Important Materials. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/C9GZ-3121. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09262002-154053\nBrinza, David Edward (1984) I. Millimeter Microwave Spectroscopy of Radicals. II. Laser Spectroscopy of the Van der Waals Molecule Ne-Cl₂. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/b03t-1z96. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10242018-130045424\nBrooks, Eugene David, III (1984) Non-Perturbative Analysis of Some Simple Field Theories on a Momentum Space Lattice. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/333S-XC47. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04132005-100141\nButtry, Daniel Alan (1984) Effects of Electron Exchange on the Photochemical, Electrochemical and Electrocatalytic Responses of Polymer Modified Electrodes. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/x5vq-d546. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10312018-105602325\nCasassa, Michael Paul (1984) Infrared Photodissociation of Van der Waals Molecules. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/n43s-1339. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10262018-123200794\nChang, Samuel Kwang Yeh (1984) Crack Propagation in Viscoelastic Materials under Transient Loading with Application to Adhesively Bonded Structures. Engineer's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/ZHV3-TK46. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06102005-155309\nChen, Wen-Chi (1984) Hierarchy of Graph Isomorphism Testing. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/pgav-zy26. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03272012-160759964\nChiang, Chao-Lin (1984) Towards Concurrent Arithmetic: Residue Arithmetic and VLSI. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/mh9h-1v86. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04022012-150108167\nCimbala, John Michael (1984) Large Structure in the Far Wakes of Two-Dimensional Bluff Bodies. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/KZ05-YC02. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09132005-131650\nClark, Douglas S. (1984) Molecular Level Investigations and Mathematical Modeling of Immobilized α-Chymotrypsin Preparation, Utilization and Deactivation. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/0z80-4946. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11082005-133605\nCorbett, Edward John (1984) Seismicity and Crustal Structure Studies of Southern California: Tectonic Implications from Improved Earthquake Locations. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/h8mm-4v50. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10082018-123143470\nCornet, Jean-Luc (1984) Evaluation of the Unsteady Effects for a Class of Wind Turbines. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/JVZE-1485. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11082005-093825\nCronin-Golomb, Alice Mary (1984) Intrahemispheric Processing and Subcortical Transfer of Non-Verbal Information in Subjects with Complete Forebrain Commissurotomy. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/vt51-7x14. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10032018-103359828\nCrowley, Thomas Edward (1984) Functions and Regulation of RNAs Transcribed from the Drosophila melanogaster 68C Puff. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/7vtr-zc75. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-171502394\nDerby, Howard (1984) Using logic programming for compiling APL. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/gmjh-z702. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04092012-134858703\nDurand, Richard Raymond, Jr. (1984) Catalysis of the Electroreduction of Dioxygen by Monomeric and Dimeric Cobalt Porphyrins. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/h738-ft41. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10072016-152635305\nEatock, Ruth Anne (1984) Sensory Adaptation in Hair Cells of the Bullfrog's Sacculus. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/6pam-hv78. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12072018-092224939\nEriksen, K. Jeffrey (1984) Biophysical Source Modeling of Some Exogenous and Endogenous Components of the Human Event-Related Potential. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/SPSG-FX90. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11072005-143659\nFilippenko, Alexei Vladimir (1984) Physical Conditions in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/34v9-vc35. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09092008-083654\nFitzsimmons, Brian Joseph (1984) The Total Synthesis of the Enantiomer of Lasalocid A. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/w5gn-5650. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12072018-114316546\nFowler, Joel Christopher (1984) Topics in Linear Spaces and Projective Planes. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/d8gp-ka37. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-173228813\nFroidevaux, Lucien (1984) Photochemical Modeling of the Earth's Stratosphere. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/hzdt-5z21. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10012018-103419193\nGiven, Jeffrey Wayne (1984) Inversion of Body-Wave Seismograms for Upper Mantle Structure. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/cgdh-0e19. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10242018-091909982\nGoldberg, David Alan (1984) Molecular Studies on the Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene of Drosophila melanogaster. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/skx9-0t33. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-173746907\nGoodgame, Marvin Mark (1984) Exchange Forces in Transition-Metal Bonding. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/xs72-nm31. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10232009-150307132\nGordon, Herman J. (1984) Postnatal Development of Motor Units in Rabbit and Rat Soleus Muscles. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/3ecg-0z58. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10032018-123356944\nGray, Murray Ross (1984) The Effects of Moisture and Ash Content on the Pyrolysis of a Wood Derived Material. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/ZEMV-CV64. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11152005-102832\nGreene, Glenn Joel (1984) ICRF Antenna Coupling and Wave Propagation in a Tokamak Plasma. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/ppan-gp26. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11102005-144119\nGurer, Cigdem (1984) Time Dependent and Equilibrium Stress-Strain Behavior of Rubbers in Moderately Large Deformations. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/e0xe-8w83. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02252004-105813\nHaas, Jean-François Luc (1984) Interaction of Weak Shock Waves and Discrete Gas Inhomogeneities. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/T37C-X215. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06232005-110318\nHandly, Neal Bruce (1984) Studies of regulatory networks in cells : roles of ions and small molecules. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/nwzk-dr03. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05122010-113308417\nHanle, Daniel Dale (1984) In vitro Fluid Dynamics of Prosthetic Aortic Heart Valves in Steady and Pulsatile Flow. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/JC5A-5J46. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11092005-152937\nHereld, Mark (1984) A Search for Gravitational Radiation from PSR 1937+214. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/gyg6-rj98. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-175018310\nHertzberg, Robert P. (1984) Cleavage of DNA with Methidiumpropyl-EDTA. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/vcna-tp03. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10102018-114702204\nHill, Robert Ian (1984) Petrology and Petrogenesis of Batholithic Rocks, San Jacinto Mountains, Southern California. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/9x01-1n85. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:09132016-161520143\nHo, Kuo Ting (1984) Evolution of Nitrogen Impurities in Metal-Silicon Binary Couples and their Effect on Silicide Formation. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/tz19-ww79. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11072005-080724\nHo, Tai-Ping (1984) The Dialogue Designing Dialogue System. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/5v76-gn68. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01022007-104438\nHofmeister, Anne Marie (1984) A Spectroscopic and Chemical Study of the Coloration of Feldspars by Irradiation and Impurities, Including Water. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/bj75-5674. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10172018-114703911\nHouseworth, James Evan (1984) Longitudinal Dispersion in Nonuniform, Isotropic Porous Media. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/0vtp-g766. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01122007-131711\nHuang, Moh-jiann (1984) Investigation of Local Geology Effects on Strong Earthquake Ground Motions. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/pm3k-w086. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12122018-092221333\nHushmand, Behnam (1984) Experimental Studies of Dynamic Response of Foundations. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/6TJK-6088. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-08152006-091708\nIkeda, Richard Alan (1984) I. Bismethidium Intercalators: The Binding of Nucleic Acids and II. Experiments in the Design of Site Specific DNA Cleaving Agents. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/xp0y-6y73. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11122018-122020454\nKaiser, Robert James, Jr. (1984) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Kinetic Studies of the Catalytic Mechanism of the Serine Proteases. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/xg11-xg51. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11162018-115223569\nKatz, Lawrence Charles (1984) Intrinsic Connectivity of Identified Projection Neurons in Cat Visual Cortex Brain Slices. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/kahn-q578. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11202018-101534170\nKhanna, Rohit (1984) Control Model Development for Packed Bed Chemical Reactors. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/VK3Y-QN30. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05152003-160535\nKoller, Jeffrey George (1984) Yang-Mills Theory in Six-Dimensional Superspace. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/RP3T-S865. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:06042014-113206988\nKoochesfahani, Manoochehr Mohseni (1984) Experiments on turbulent mixing and chemical reactions in a liquid mixing layer. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/Y7BR-C556. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12132006-131143\nKoop, Dale E. (1984) Prompt Electron Production in Electron-Positron Annihilations at 29 GeV. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/x378-b766. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11202018-125614284\nKravaris, Constantine (1984) Identification of Spatially-Varying Parameters in Distributed Parameter Systems. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/m0kv-m285. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01092007-104956\nKrouse, Mauri Eugene (1984) Investigation of Competitive Antagonist Binding to the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Using Voltage-Jump and Light-Flash Techniques. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/wb48-ph26. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05282015-161004818\nKuo, Chia-lam (1984) Use of Temperature Sensitive Mutants to Study Yeast DNA Replication. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/gekb-yq20. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11212018-100547724\nLarson, Peter Brennan (1984) I. An ¹⁸O/¹⁶O Investigation of the Lake City Caldera, San Juan Mountains, Colorado. II. ¹⁸O/¹⁶O Relationships in Tertiary Ash-Flow Tuffs from Complex Caldera Structures in Central Nevada and the San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/aeb1-ct78. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:09142018-134243270\nLe, Anthony T. (1984) Synthesis of the β-ketoimides and their chemical transformations. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/canh-7y33. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-082952526\nLee, Chi-Woo (1984) Adsorption and Electrochemistry of BIS-1, 10-Phenanthroline Complexes of Copper (I,II) and Fungal Laccase A. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/f4sv-x904. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11272018-091510836\nLichten, Stephen Morris (1984) Turbulence and Mass Motion in Galactic Molecular Clouds. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/wbm2-9x67. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09092008-083043\nLim, Christopher S. (1984) I. Mixing in doorway flows. II. Entrainment in fire plumes. Engineer's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/MWGY-CY05. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12212006-153204\nLutz, Christopher (1984) Design of the Mosaic Processor. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/cs85-zs74. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04122012-093644670\nLyberatos, Gerasimos (1984) Dynamic and Steady-State Bifurcation for Modeling Chemical Reaction Systems. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/bspw-np07. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01112007-103406\nMacFarlane, David Brian (1984) Nucleon Structure from Neutrino Interactions in an Iron Target with a Study of the Singlet Quark Distribution. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/93ev-4g25. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11272018-121922950\nMacdonald, Douglas Alan (1984) Black-Hole Electrodynamics. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/vv78-at49. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:09012017-133647841\nMailhiot, Christian (1984) Theoretical Investigations of Electron States in Small-Scale Semiconductor Structures. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/0470-nf89. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01112007-111123\nMarcus, Neil (1984) Finiteness in Supersymmetric Theories. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/4t2f-t947. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11262018-165108335\nMargoliash, Daniel (1984) Songbirds, Grandmothers, Templates: A Neuroethological Approach. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/2yhr-5t19. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11282018-101712728\nMayne, Jeffery Terrell (1984) The Post-Translational Processing of Sindbis Virus Glycoproteins. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/jvbk-es85. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11282018-124040200\nMcCue, Kenneth Frank (1984) The Structure of Individual Decisions in American Elections: the Influence of Relevant Alternatives. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/rpsf-5g81. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11302018-120557222\nMcElwee-White, Lisa Ann (1984) Theoretical and Experimental Assessment of the Viability of 1,4,6,9-Spiro[4.4]Nonatetrayl as a Reactive Intermediate. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/nytz-bf09. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10262009-151524640\nMeisling, Kristian Erik (1984) Neotectonics of the North Frontal Fault System of the San Bernardino Mountains, Southern California: Cajon Pass to Lucerne Valley. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/RSDP-BS67. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01222009-094629\nMikolič-Torreira, Igor (1984) Norm Constant Holomorphic Functions on Banach Spaces. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/smv6-ca65. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-181155071\nMoonan, William Kevin (1984) Superposition of the Effects of Time, Temperature, and Pressure in Polymetric Materials. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/e970-mg79. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06152004-145433\nMoore, Eric Jan (1984) Synthetic, Structural and Mechanistic Studies of Interactions of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen Nucleophiles with Bis-Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Zirconium and Hafnium Derivatives. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/18vn-5737. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04082013-141952473\nMoser, David Randall (1984) Regulation of ColE1 Plasmid DNA Replication in Escherichia coli. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/bf0f-4378. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-183325232\nMyers, Jay J. (1984) Cognitive Transfer from Right to Left Hemisphere after Section of the Forebrain Commissures. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/agst-h905. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10302018-184155718\nNeikirk, Dean Paul (1984) Integrated Detector Arrays for High Resolution Far-Infrared Imaging. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/jxk1-9t91. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01092007-104136\nNgai, John Yee-Keung (1984) The General Interconnect Problem of Integrated Circuits. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/fgcc-ks03. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04132012-084100294\nNgo, Khai Doan The (1984) Topology and Analysis in PWM Inversion, Rectification, and Cycloconversion. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/M91H-FZ91. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04222005-160253\nNocera, Daniel George (1984) Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, and Photochemistry of Polynuclear Metal-Metal Bonded Complexes. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/T14G-4N32. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02012005-160716\nOyang, Yen-Jen (1984) HEX: A Hierarchical Circuit Extractor. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/mptd-b683. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05022012-105611552\nPaine, Scott Nelson (1984) High Energy Heavy Ion Beam Enhanced Adhesion of Gold Films to GaAs. Senior thesis (Major), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/Z9XD0ZWZ. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02202018-132931271\nPapachristidis, Alexandros Christou (1984) Heterogeneous Data Base Access. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/5sdf-7w07. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01022007-110210\nPartridge, Richard Allan (1984) Study of the ψ\"(3770) Using the Crystal Ball Detector. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/yg5v-dv86. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12172018-095221901\nPatel, Apoorva Dayaram (1984) Monte-Carlo Renormalisation Group for Lattice QCD. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/m791-na19. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10312018-091543048\nPearson, Laurence Timothy (1984) A Model for the Lateral Organization of Protein Molecules in Lipid Bilayers. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/k7m9-xb92. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12142018-113612227\nPerry, Joseph Walter (1984) Nature and Energy Redistribution of Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/YDWZ-Z639. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04032008-111559\nPiepgras, Donald John (1984) The Isotopic Composition of Neodymium in the Marine Environment: Investigations of the Sources and Transport of Rare Earth Elements in the Oceans. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/GATW-C580. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-08152006-132531\nPolivka, William M. (1984) Applications of Magnetics to Problems in Switched-Mode Power Conversion. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/31G4-8128. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01022007-112439\nPurohit, Milind Vasant (1984) Nucleon Structure Functions from ν_µ-Fe Interactions and a Study of the Valence Quark Distribution. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/4RBK-RV59. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04082013-111418042\nRedmount, Ian H. (1984) Topics in Black-Hole Physics: Geometric Constraints on Noncollapsing, Gravitating Systems and Tidal Distortions of a Schwarzschild Black Hole. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/mp3n-4r06. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:08232017-105535039\nReinelt, Douglas Alan (1984) The Penetration of a Finger into a Viscous Fluid. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/3T53-9Q51. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12212006-104724\nRobinson, Allen Conrad (1984) Existence and Stability of Vortices and Vortex Arrays. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/0db7-mr48. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12212006-111951\nRoddick, Dean Michael (1984) Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Hydride and Phosphide Complexes of Hafnium and Zirconium. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/wbgr-yd42. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10222018-111603289\nSadanand, Asha B. (1984) Three Essays in Law and Economics. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/ws6s-ac41. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12102018-101952412\nSaha, Abhijit (1984) A Survey of Halo RR Lyrae Stars. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/d56z-kf18. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09092008-080231\nSan, Ka-Yiu (1984) Studies on the On-Line Identification and Optimal Control of Bioreactors. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/b5p1-5c02. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01082007-153733\nSchultz, Jocelyn Chupka (1984) Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Alkyl and Alkenyl Free Radicals. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/r2r1-k971. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10032018-091338203\nSchultz, Peter G. (1984) I. Ground and Excited State Studies of Persistent 1,1-Diazenes. II. Design of Sequence Specific DNA Cleaving Molecules. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/6vcz-qs72. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06252004-112048\nSchulz, Robert (1984) Electrical Transport During Phase Transformation in Metallic Glasses. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/yxsm-vx37. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01252007-153245\nSelinger, Stephen Richard (1984) Three Essays in Theoretical, Applied, and Normative Economics. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/21dr-cz26. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10312018-092033160\nSenior, Constance Lynn (1984) Submicron Aerosol Formation During Combustion of Pulverized Coal. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/70GT-H495. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02022007-105020\nShatz, Michael Phillip (1984) A QCD Based Model of Hadron Hadron Scattering. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/krfv-d594. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10242019-101001451\nShaw, Henry Francis, III (1984) Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr Isotopic Systematics of Tektites and Other Impactites, Appalachian Mafic Rocks, and Marine Carbonates and Phosphates. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/x0zc-7w22. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12142018-091056975\nShih, Thomas Loong (1984) Use of Enantioselective Aldol Condensations: Efforts Directed Towards the Total Synthesis of Ionomycin. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/vhx3-s283. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10192018-103740684\nSimmen, Jeffrey Alan (1984) Steady Deep-Water Waves on a Linear Shear Current. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/H88C-1G49. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01192007-153942\nSiu, Byron Bong (1984) Upper Bounds on the Magnetization of Ferromagnetic Ising Models. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/vwa3-1c66. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09232005-133517\nSmyth, Noel Frederick (1984) Part I: Soliton on a Beach and Related Problems. Part II: Modulated Capillary Waves. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/VXDD-1M21. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01252007-143608\nSoto, Jorge Gonzalez (1984) Mechanistic Aspects of the Ziegler-Natta Polymerization. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/AXPG-AG37. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:07072014-083212737\nSteigerwald, Michael Louis (1984) 2ₛ + 2ₛ Reactions at Transition Metals. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/S0HZ-TF05. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01032007-142600\nSu, Wen-King (1984) Supermesh. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/yvj1-jt57. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04122012-161148552\nSwartz, Barry Allan (1984) Free Jet Expansion Laser Spectroscopy of van der Waals Molecules Containing Ne and Br₂. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/mp06-am61. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10312018-092920492\nTanveer, Saleh Ahmed (1984) Topics in 2-D Separated Vortex Flows. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/BR0B-QH56. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02012007-133412\nTempleton, Michael Karpovich (1984) The Identification of Stable Reaction Intermediates on Aluminum Oxide Surfaces with Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/et22-8s13. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01262007-130514\nTurner, Steve Ronald (1984) Nitrogen protecting groups in the ester enolate claisen rearrangement of amino esters. Synthesis of a furanomycin derivative. Master's thesis, California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/x02s-jt53. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-081412450\nVan Dyke, Michael W. (1984) MPE•Fe(II) Footprinting: Drug Binding Sites on Native DNA. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/vy36-rq29. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12052018-113900386\nVorpérian, Vatché (1984) Analysis of Resonant Converters. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/NWMH-AP27. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04082005-150525\nWalck, Marianne Carol (1984) Teleseismic Array Analysis of Upper Mantle Compressional Velocity Structure. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/76q0-ye98. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:10092013-142945359\nWang, Chiun (1984) The Effects of Curvature on Turbulent Mixing Layers. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/BC48-BE98. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01222007-142548\nWarne, Larry Kevin (1984) Electromagnetic Radiation and Scattering in a Plasma with an Azimuthal Biasing Field. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/tja8-zp12. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01232007-143259\nWhite, Jeffrey Owen (1984) Four-Wave Mixing and Phase Conjugation in Photorefractive Crystals. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/f9ef-m894. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01192007-152414\nWilson, John Charles (1984) Analysis of the Observed Earthquake Response of a Multiple Span Bridge. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/5321-6p57. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11262018-124513833\nWinget, James Michael (1984) Element-by-Element Solution Procedures for Nonlinear Transient Heat Conduction Analysis. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/G7VB-EV65. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01252007-132425\nWinkler, Jay Richmond (1984) Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Metal-Oxo Complexes. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/DE5E-2Y69. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02272006-082939\nYang, Vigor (1984) Pressure Oscillations in Liquid-Fueled Ramjet Engines. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/rfpg-es59. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-09052006-153951\nYu, Paul Kit-Lai (1984) Long Wavelength InGaAsP/InP Lasers and Optoelectronic Integration. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/4dk7-wn36. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01232007-131641\nZur, Amikam (1984) Theoretical Investigations of Solid Interfaces: 1. The Position of the Fermi Level at a Metal-Semiconductor Interface. 2. Geometric Lattice Match and Its Application to Heteroepitaxy. 3. Ab-initio Calculation of the Elastic Properties of Silicon, Using Small Clusters. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/w8vp-2g07. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01222007-152908","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line343786"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7745075225830078,"wiki_prob":0.7745075225830078,"text":"Official Merchandise Genesis: t-shirts, clothing and gadgets at unbeatable prices\nGenesis are an English rock band that formed in 1967. The band currently comprises the longest-tenured members Phil Collins (lead vocals and drums), Mike Rutherford (guitar and bass guitar), and Tony Banks (keyboards). Peter Gabriel, Anthony Phillips and Steve Hackett also played major roles in the band in its early years. Genesis are among the top 30 highest-selling recording artists of all time with approximately 150 million albums sold worldwide.Genesis began as a 1960s pop band. During the 1970s, they evolved into a progressive rock band, incorporating complex song structures and elaborate instrumentation. Their concerts became theatrical experiences with innovative stage design, pyrotechnics, elaborate costumes and on-stage stories. This second phase was characterised by lengthy performances such as the 23 minute \"Supper's Ready\" and the 1974 concept album, The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway. In the 1980s, the band produced their first number one album in the United Kingdom, Duke, and their only number one single in the United States, \"Invisible Touch\".Genesis has changed personnel several times. Founding member Anthony Phillips left the band in 1970. In 1975, Collins, then the band's drummer, replaced Peter Gabriel as lead singer. Bill Bruford, and later Chester Thompson, played drums for the band as they toured, with Collins joining in briefly during lengthy instrumental passages. In 1977, guitarist Steve Hackett left the band. After Phil Collins left the band in 1996, Genesis recruited Ray Wilson (formerly of Stiltskin). Wilson appeared on the 1997 album Calling All Stations, after which the band announced an indefinite hiatus. However, in 2007, Banks, Collins and Rutherford reunited for a 20-city tour of Europe and North America, which included a free concert at Rome's Circo Massimo in front of 500,000 fans. Genesis was among five bands inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2010.\nGenesis products in store\nGenesis shop: 0 items available online\nSort by: Best Sellers Top rated New arrivals product name (A-Z) Price (cheaper) Price (higher)\nGenesis Men's Tee: Vintage Logo - Green\nGenesis Unisex Tee: An Evening With\nGenesis Print 419793\nVynil Genesis - The Lamb Lies In Rochester Vol.2 (2 Lp)\n£ 11.37£ 16.25\nGenesis Unisex T-Shirt: ABACAB 8-Track\nGenesis Men's Tee: Vintage Logo - Golden\nGenesis T-shirt Foxtrot Graf\n£ 9.63£ 13.76\nGenesis Patch Logo\nGenesis Keychain: Classic Logo (Double Sided Patch)\nGenesis Standard Patch: Classic Logo\nVynil Genesis - From Genesis To Revelation\nGenesis Men's Tee: Mad Hatter\nGenesis Men's Tee: Scatter\nGenesis Men's Tee: Watchers of the Skies\nVynil Genesis - Trespass\nGenesis Men's Tee: Mad Hatter 2\nGenesis Men's Tee: The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway\nGenesis Men's Tee: Collage\nGenesis Men's Tee: The Way We Walk\nSort by Best Sellers Top rated New arrivals product name (A-Z) Price (cheaper) Price (higher)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line301161"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9938259124755859,"wiki_prob":0.9938259124755859,"text":"Republican Milne considers run for governor\nTerri Hallenbeck\nFree Press Staff Writer\nMONTPELIER – Scott Milne, president of Milne Travel, said Monday he is considering running for governor this year as a Republican.\nMilne, of Pomfret, said by email that he was traveling in Africa this week and would make no decision on running for a month. The deadline to file for office is June 12.\nMilne joins Rep. Heidi Scheuermann of Stowe and former Sen. Randy Brock of Swanton as Republicans who are considering challenging two-term incumbent Democrat Peter Shumlin. Both have said they would make announcements soon.\nFormer Wall Street banker Bruce Lisman of Shelburne has said he has no plans to run but continues to hear from people urging him to, though it's unclear whether that might be as an independent or Republican. Emily Peyton of Putney, who has run before as an independent, has said she will run in the Republican primary, but party officials have said they will not support her.\nRepublican Party Chairman David Sunderland said he has talked to Milne, but \"nothing in great detail.\" Milne is well-known among Republicans, Sunderland said. \"I think Scott would make a great candidate. He could bring fresh ideas and new energy,\" Sunderland said.\nMilne has a bachelor's degree in political science and politics in his bloodline. His mother, Marion Milne, was a Republican state legislator representing the town of Washington from 1994-2000. She lost her bid for re-election in a Republican primary after voting for civil unions for same-sex couples. She started Milne Travel in 1975.\nScott Milne's father, Don Milne, also served one term in the Legislature, and has been clerk of the House since 1993.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1276218"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5354813933372498,"wiki_prob":0.5354813933372498,"text":"What a Penguin Random House divisional president said to me about titles\nby Neil | Dec 14, 2016 | Book Publishing, Content Strategy, Writing Tips | 4 comments\nBack in my Penguin days, my former boss made all of us a deal. If someone came up with an amazing title for a book we were meant to publish, he would give them five dollars.\nYes, five whole dollars.\nBut here’s the funny thing. It was the most coveted prize any of us could ever dream of getting – as valued as a 401(k) matching program and even more valued than a dental plan.\nAnd yet, despite how much each of us wanted to get that five dollars, there was an almost infinitesimally small chance of us winning that money.\nWhy? Why was my boss so hard to please?\nAnd why are so many titles so awful?\nBecause a great title is a really, really, really, really, really really hard thing to create.\nMy former boss was the president and publisher of the division for which I used to work, and at one point he gave me the job to be the primary editor of a fitness book authored by a celebrity trainer. But the problem was that the fitness book as it had originally been conceived by the author’s co-writer didn’t have a good title. It included an invented word for transforming one’s life and otherwise was fairly generic.\n“A good title for a fitness book,” my boss said one day, “needs to have a promise.”\nIn other words, if the title didn’t convey a specific thing that the reader would get out of the experience of consuming the book’s information, they were far less likely to be attracted to it. It needed to promise them something they already cared about.\nThis made sense, for the most successful fitness books likewise conveyed a promise. Bill Phillips’ Body for Life conveyed the promise of having a great body for, you know, life. Bigger, Leaner, Stronger by Michael Matthews promises three qualities that fitness enthusiasts want to be. And though The New Rules of Lifting for Women by Lou Schuler might not be too heavy on promises, its subtitle, “Lift Like a Man, Look Like a Goddess” certainly does.\nThe thing is, great titles aren’t just reserved for fitness books, and a great title isn’t even limited to making promises. There’s something at work of greater significance here, something that pervades not only all fitness book titles, and not even all non-fiction book titles, but all titles everywhere.\nThere are many different categories of books, both within the world of non-fiction (fitness, diet, personal growth, politics, entertainment, biography, etc.) and within the world of fiction (literary, women’s, historical, science fiction, fantasy, etc.). And yet every great title in all of these different categories has something in common.\nThey’ve all gained a person’s attention.\nIn the film Shakespeare in Love, when someone said a title that someone else liked, the other person said, “good title.” Those moments were screenwriter Tom Stoppard’s equivalent of my boss giving someone on the editorial staff five dollars. These reactions are the result of someone paying attention, for a compelling title commands such attention instantaneously. But what is it that makes this happen?\nWhat the title with a promise does is convey a possibility in the reader’s mind. They don’t have a great body, but if they buy a book they could then have a body for life. This disparity between the reader’s current reality and a future, possible reality is defined by a sense of yearning. They want their life to be one way but that reality hasn’t yet taken place.\nIn other words, they experience tension.\nIn other other words, tension begets a-ttention.\nThe reason why we can house all types of non-fiction titles with all types of fiction titles is that, no matter the category of content, your job as author is to create tension in the browser’s mind so that they then have to resolve that tension as quickly as possible. This tension can show up in many ways, and does through the best titles out there:\n• A promise: The tension between the reader’s current reality and one for which they yearn (Body for Life, The 4-Hour Work Week, You Can Heal Your Life)\n• Curiosity: Uncertainty about the significance of a title’s contents creates a gap that must be filled (Who Moved My Cheese?, The Da Vinci Code, The Hunger Games)\n• Scarcity: The lack of explanation in a (typically concise) title creates a drive for more (Jaws, Lolita, 1984)\n• Shock: The unabashed severity of a title forces the browser out of complacency (Skinny Bitch, You Suck, Go the F**k to Sleep)\nAnd there are, of course, many more examples of how a title can create tension. But the ultimate point here is that if a title doesn’t convey a promise, or arouse curiosity, or somehow disrupt the book browser’s experience in some way, it’s unlikely to be an asset to you in how you position your book – or anything else that requires a title, for that matter.\nTension begets attention. And the sooner you embrace this idea, the sooner you will create a title that will force someone to say, “good title.”\nAnd maybe you’ll even get five dollars to boot.\nIf you’re feeling confident in your title and are deciding whether to pursue a traditional publishing deal or to self-publish, check out my cheat sheet here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line100832"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6982772350311279,"wiki_prob":0.30172276496887207,"text":"Newton County Schools » Departments » Public Relations » News » 2021 Partner of the Year\nZeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc.-Phi Omicron Zeta Chapter Named NCSS 2021 Partner of the Year\nNewton County School System (NCSS) and the Newton County Chamber of Commerce are pleased to announce that Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc.-Phi Omicron Zeta Chapter, is the 2021 NCSS Partner in Education of the Year! NCSS School Superintendent Samantha Fuhrey made the announcement at a special reception on Monday, June 21, 2021 at the Newton County Board of Education.\n“We’ve seen many partners—mainly small businesses—have to close their doors either temporarily or permanently this year, and this has affected our schools,” said Fuhrey. “Fortunately, we saw an increase in assistance from local organizations such as yours who stepped to the plate and went above and beyond to assist our schools.”\nIn her partner of the year nomination letter, Newton High School principal Dr. Shannon Buff noted Zeta Phi Beta Sorority’s “unwavering partnership” and how their continuing support boosted the morale of both students and staff. In fact, Dr. Buff stated that the women of Zeta Phi Beta “had become part of the Newton High School family” through their various service projects.\n“You began the school year by providing hot meals after practice and games to various athletic teams in partnership with Emanuel Community Church,” said Fuhrey. “You also created hygiene bags for students. In September, you served Newton High School faculty and staff breakfast and provided goodie bags for all teachers, which included PPE, snacks, and gift cards. Needless to say, the staff were both surprised and appreciative.”\nIn October, the organization invited students and parents to attend a college essay-writing workshop sponsored by the chapter. During the event, students were able to prepare their college essays for submission to various colleges and scholarship organizations.\n“This was especially important to our students as so many were attending school virtually and felt overwhelmed by the college application process,” Buff explained.\nThe group’s support did not stop there. This spring, the chapter continued their good work by replenishing the hygiene bags for Newton High School students. They also hosted two different teacher appreciation events to recognize the faculty and staff for their hard work. And finally, they ended the school year by providing a scholarship to a very deserving senior on Newton High School Honors Night.\n“Your unwavering support for all of Newton High School’s stakeholders has been nothing short of amazing,” said Buff. “You stood in the gap at a time when other organizations were unable to provide the normal level of support. When Newton High School needed assistance, you were there to provide whatever we asked.”\n“I can’t thank you enough for your organization stepping up in a time when a lot of us didn’t know what to do,” said Debbie Harper, President of the Newton County Chamber of Commerce. “When Dr. Buff reached out to you, you knew exactly what to do. I appreciate that. The fact that I am a graduate of Newton High School makes it even more special. Your support for this school is truly amazing.”\nUpon accepting the award, Ms. Katheryn Williams, president of the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc.—Phi Omicron Zeta Chapter, addressed the assembled group and stated, “Dr. Buff, my sorority has four principles—scholarship, service, sisterhood and finer womanhood. While scholarship is the first principal…we pride ourselves on world-class service. Please know that we do this not for recognition; we do this because it is the right thing to do. My mom and dad always told me ‘to those who much is given, much is expected.’ And so we are very blessed and we are thankful that you allow us to use your school to help us facilitate the service that is so important to us.”\nWilliams noted that the organization would continue their partnership with Newton High School and promised even greater things to come.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line443525"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5615878105163574,"wiki_prob":0.4384121894836426,"text":"Schantz Russell family fonds., 1 results 1\nUniversity of Waterloo. Special Collections & Archives, 1 results 1\nBook Collection, 1 results 1\nUniversity of Waterloo. Special Collections & Archives Schantz Russell family fonds. Book Collection\nTop-level description Schantz Russell family fonds.\nSchantz Russell Family Library.\nIncluded are 19th-century Canadian imprints, books on horticulture, early school textbooks, scarce local imprints, such as the 1886/89 County of Waterloo Gazetteer and Directory and the Assessment Roll of 1897 of the Town of Berlin, and a selection of Victorian literature. There are extensive runs of early 20th-century periodicals, such as The Youth's Companion, St. Nicholas, The Ladies' Home Journal, and the Canadian Forestry Journal. The Schantz/Russell Family library offers a unique insight into the reading habits and the interests and activities of a Canadian family in Berlin, Ontario during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.\nTobias Schantz (1842-1925) worked as an itinerant book salesman at the end of the 19th century, and more than 40 examples of books known as \"salesman's dummies\" are present in the collection. These books were made up by the publishers as samples for their salesmen to show to potential customers. Each one displays the most noteworthy features of the book offered for sale, including the table of contents, the illustrations, selections from the text, and examples of the variety of elaborate binding styles available. Blank pages at the end of each sample book were used by the itinerant salesman to record his orders and, in this collection, some of the dummies contain up to as many as 8 pages of hand-written lists of local subscribers to the books that Tobias marketed in his trips around the region.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1246251"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9459372758865356,"wiki_prob":0.9459372758865356,"text":"Outlander: a new theory could reveal the end of the series\nMRT· August 20, 2021\nSince the end of filming was announced, fans are eagerly awaiting the broadcast of the sixth season of Outlander. However, the next six chapters will not arrive until next year, the same moment in which the seventh edition will begin filming. And, although there is still no official release date, many of the followers found a way to reduce the wait.\nFor several months, after the closing of the fifth part, the faithful of Outlander they began to generate some theories about what is to come. Some are focused on the fate of the protagonists, Jamie and Claire, others on the ghost of the Scottish heartthrob, but it was only now that one emerged that could reveal the true end of the strip.\nOutlander, which is based on the novels of Diana Gabaldón, originally has ten books. There are still two to be released, while the series is close to filming its season seven, that is why whenever a theory is discussed, it is based on what the original author wrote.\nDiana Gabaldón would have revealed the end of the series. Photo: (Getty)\nAnd, on this occasion, many fans have relived a Gabaldon interview from 2015 in which he would have revealed the true ending that this story will have. Beyond not mentioning when it will be or if there will be more than seven parts on the small screen, it does make it clear what the fate of the Frasers will be.\n“I think the books of Outlander will end in approximately 1800 in Scotland”Are Diana’s words. But, as he does not talk about anything else, this comment raised many doubts about what the series is since in season five the protagonists still live in the 18th century in the United States.\nRoger and Brianna could take the lead in Outlander. Photo: (Starz)\nHowever, it should be noted that, although many of the thoughts were guided to that Jamie could die in his native Scotland, more than once it was speculated that Brianna and Roger could end up being the protagonists. That is why, everything indicates that the portrayed characters of Sam Heughan and Caitriona Balfe will die in America, and then their daughter, husband, and grandchildren will go on to live in the home country of the most respected Fraser landowner.\nThe Curse of Hill House / Bly Manor","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line461574"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7084429860115051,"wiki_prob":0.2915570139884949,"text":"Significant Changes to Supply Chain Protocols After Covid-19\nPosted by Land Link Traffic Systems on Jun 18, 2020 9:11:03 AM\nThe COVID-19 pandemic has hit global trade and investment at an unprecedented speed and scale. Multinational companies faced an initial supply shock, then a demand shock as more and more countries ordered people to stay at home. Governments, businesses and individual consumers suddenly struggled to procure basic products and materials, and were forced to confront the fragility of the modern supply chain. The urgent need to design smarter, stronger and more diverse supply chains has been one of the main lessons of this crisis.\nWhat the Data Tells Us\nRecent data from Tradeshift, a global platform for supply chain management, reveals the magnitude of the impact on trade and demand. It suggests the effects of the initial shock may continue to linger for the coming months. In China, domestic and international trade transactions suffered a week-on-week drop of 56% beginning mid-February. The United States, United Kingdom, and Europe followed suit, with a combined initial drop of 26% in the beginning of April, and a continuing decline of 17% in late April.\nFurthermore, trade has flatlined in every region affected by the lockdown. Overall weekly transactions on the Tradeshift platform since March 9th are down by an average of 9.8%, compared to pre-lockdown figures, with a pronounced decline in invoices and orders since the end of March.\nTwo side effects of the contractions in global trade have emerged. One is that it takes longer to settle an invoice, reversing a previous trend of faster payments. According to Tradeshift’s data, businesses took an average of 36.7 days to settle an invoice in 2019, compared to 36.8 days in 2018. In the first quarter of 2020, average payment terms have risen 1.7% to 37.4 days.\nSecondly, the lack of orders going through the supply chain is building up to another tidal wave with new orders slowing and invoices dropping off. Average weekly order volumes on the Tradeshift platform have dropped by 15.9% since March 9th. Invoices have dropped by 16.7% during the same period. So far, businesses are still receiving money from orders placed before the lockdown, but those are drying up. The coming months could be very difficult for suppliers globally.\nReshaping the Future\nCOVID-19 has exposed the vulnerabilities of complex global supply chains built on lean manufacturing principles. This is particularly true in the healthcare sector, where the scramble for protective equipment has laid bare the inherent risks of inventory and single-sourcing models driven exclusively by cost control.\nThe impact of China’s lockdown and its dominance in key areas of manufacturing have further highlighted the problem with modern supply chains. When Chinese factories closed, manufacturers struggled to pivot due to a lack of flexibility in their supplier base. One likely consequence is that global firms will diversify their supply chains in the future, instead of relying only on China. Manufacturing hubs such as Vietnam, Mexico, and India are likely to benefit from that shift.\nWe will also see a decentralization of manufacturing capacity, with companies looking to bring production home. This trend grew with the likes of automation and small batch production, which had become so cheap that a number of countries started moving portions of their supply chain back home. Policymakers may be increasingly pressured to consider whether certain products need to be manufactured in the country or the region.\nThe transition to a new model for supply chains will be underpinned by a rapid and wholesale digitization of the paperwork that accompanies global trade.\nDespite rapid advances in technology, the relationship between buyers and suppliers remains predominantly paper-based. Digitizing the buyer-supplier relationship is a fundamental element for building sturdy supply chains, and will make identifying and recruiting new suppliers far less time-consuming. With technologies like artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, supply chains could quickly switch to alternative providers when regular suppliers face disruption.\nThe current crisis is an opportunity to reset a system that has relied on outdated processes. Creating smart and nimble supply chains is the key to building a global trade and investment network that’s capable of weathering future storms.\nStay Safe Everyone.\nTopics: Freight Bill Auditing, Intermodal Freight, Reducing Freight Rates, Logistics Business, Maximizing Routing Efficiencies, Freight Bill Audit, Shipping News, Logistics News, Industry Trends, Big Data","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line64538"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5393067598342896,"wiki_prob":0.46069324016571045,"text":"A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK(R) Guide-Sixth Edition / Agile Practice Guide Bundle (ARABIC) PDF\nby Project Management Institute\nTo support the broadening spectrum of project delivery approaches, PMI is offering A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK&#174; Guide) &#8211; Sixth Edition as a bundle with its latest, the Agile Practice Guide.\nThe PMBOK&#174; Guide &#8211; Sixth Edition now contains detailed information about agile; while the Agile Practice Guide, created in partnership with Agile Alliance&#174;, serves as a bridge to connect waterfall and agile.\nTogether they are a powerful tool for project managers.\nPMBOK&#174; Guide &#8211; Sixth Edition The PMBOK&#174; Guide &#8211; Sixth Edition &#8211; PMI's flagship publication has been updated to reflect the latest good practices in project management.\nNew to the Sixth Edition, each knowledge area will contain a section entitled Approaches for Agile, Iterative and Adaptive Environments, describing how these practices integrate in project settings.\nIt will also contain more emphasis on strategic and business knowledge-including discussion of project management business documents-and information on the PMI Talent Triangle&trade; and the essential skills for success in today's market.\nAgile Practice Guide Agile Practice Guide has been developed as a resource to understand, evaluate, and use agile and hybrid agile approaches.\nThis practice guide provides guidance on when, where, and how to apply agile approaches and provides practical tools for practitioners and organizations wanting to increase agility.\nThis practice guide is aligned with other PMI standards, including A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK&#174; Guide) &#8211; Sixth Edition, and was developed as the result of collaboration between the Project Management Institute and the Agile Alliance.\nPublisher:Project Management Institute\nEPUB from £118.79\nEPUB | Published 21/05/2018 | £118.79 | View now\nAlso by Project Management Institute | View all\nA guide to the Project Management Body...\nThe Standard for Risk Management in...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1826315"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7536661624908447,"wiki_prob":0.7536661624908447,"text":"#World Health Organisation\nAnother 11 people in Kuwait have tested positive for coronavirus over the past 24 hours,\nbringing the total number of confirmed cases to 123, a health ministry spokesman said on Monday, Al Arabiya reported.\nOne of the infected person is linked to travel to the US, one to Iran, four travelled to the UK while three came into contact with another case that recently travelled to the UK. Another person who tested positive has recently arrived from Qatar.\nAll of the aforementioned cases are Kuwaiti nationals, according to the spokesman while the eleventh case is for an Egyptian national who recently travelled to Egypt.\nKuwait has recorded nine recoveries as of Monday, bringing the total number of those receiving medical care for coronavirus infections to 114, said the spokesman.\nOnly four people are currently in the intensive care unit (ICU) with three being in critical condition and one in stable condition.\nThe spokesman said four cases who were previously in the ICU had recovered and were taken out of the ICU.\n“These are positive signs that give us hope,” he added.\nKuwait has administered 9,981 coronavirus tests, according to the health ministry.\nOn Saturday, Kuwait announced it would close shops, malls, and barbershops to prevent the spread of the virus.\nThere are about 156,000 confirmed cases worldwide and 76,000 recoveries, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO).\nKeywords: World Health Organisation\nCategory: #Coronavirus, #Government | 2020/03/18 latest update at 12:00 AM\nSource : Gulf News | Photocredit : Google\nKuwait demands urgent action from WHO to...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line127207"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5496231317520142,"wiki_prob":0.45037686824798584,"text":"What makes war between the US and China or Russia inevitable?\nThere is a dangerous and not so new idea currently making the rounds that not only is conventional war between the great powers inevitable, but that it would be much less of an existential threat to humanity than we have been led to believe and even might be necessary for human progress.\nThe appearance of this argument in favor of war was almost predictable given that it was preceded by a strong case being made that war was now obsolete and at least in its great power guise was being driven out of history by deep underlying trends towards prosperity and peace. I am thinking here mostly of Steven Pinker in his Better Angels of Our Nature, but he was not alone.\nThe exact same thing happened in the 19th century. Then, voices arose that argued that war was becoming unnecessary as values became global and the benefits of peaceful trade replaced the plunder of war. The counter-reaction argued that war had been the primary vector for human progress and that without it we would “go soft” or de-evolve into a species much less advanced than our own.\nGiven their racist overtones, arguments that we will evolve “backward” absent war are no longer made in intelligent circles. Instead, war has been tied to technological development the argument being that without war in general and great power war in particular we will become technologically stuck. That’s the case made by Ian Morris in his War What is it Good For? where he sees the US in shepherding in the Singularity via war, and it’s a case made from opposite sides of the fence regarding transhumaism by Christopher Coker and Steve Fuller.\nThe problem with these new arguments in favor of great power conflict is that they discount the prospect of nuclear exchange. Perhaps warfare is the heir of technological progress, but it’s better to be the tortoise when such conflicts hold the risk of driving you back to the stone age.\nThat said, there is an argument out there that perhaps even nuclear warfare wouldn’t be quite the civilization destroyer we have believed, but that position seems less likely to become widespread than the idea that the great powers could directly fight each other and yet some how avoid bringing the full weight of their conventional and nuclear forces down upon the other even in the face of a devastating loss at the hands of the other. It’s here where we can find Peter W. Singer and August Cole’s recent novel Ghost Fleet: A novel of the Third World War that tells the story of a conventional war, mainly at sea, between the US and China and Russia.\nIt’s a copiously researched book, and probably gives a good portrait of what warfare in the next ten to fifteen years will look like. If the authors are right, in the wars of the future drones – underground, land, air, and sea will be ubiquitous and AI used to manage battles where sensors take the place of senses- the crew of a ship needs never set sight on the actual sea.\nCyber attacks in the future will be a fully functional theater of war- as will outer space. The next war will take advantage of enhancement technologies- augmented reality, and interventions such “stim tabs” for alertness. Advances in neuroscience and bioelectronics will be used at the very least as a form of enhanced, and brutal, interrogation.\nIf the book makes any warning (and all such books seem to have a warning) it is that the US is extremely reliant on the technological infrastructure that allows the country to deploy and direct its’ global force. The war begins with a Chinese/Russian attack on American satellites, which effectively blinds the American military. I’ve heard interviews where Singer claims that in light of this the US Navy is now training its’ officers in the art of stellar navigation, which in the 21st century is just, well… cool. The authors point out how American hardware is vulnerable as well to threats like embedded beacons or kill switches given that much of this hardware has come out of Chinese factories.\nThe plot of Ghost Fleet is pretty standard: in a surprise attack the Chinese and Russians push the US out of the Pacific by destroying much of the American navy and conquering Hawaii. Seemingly without a single ally, the US then manages to destroy the Chinese fleet after resurrecting the ships of its naval graveyard near San Francisco- a real thing apparently, especially a newfangled battleship the USS Zumwalt, which is equipped with a new and very powerful form of rail gun. I am not sure if it helped or hindered my enjoyment of the book that its’ plot seemed eerily similar to my favorite piece of anime from when I was a kid- Star Blazers.\nThe problem, once again, is in thinking that we can contain such conflicts and therefore need not do everything possible to avoid them. In the novel there never seems to be any possibility of nuclear exchange or strategic bombing and with the exception of the insurgency and counterinsurgency in Hawaii the war is hermetically contained to the Pacific and the sea. Let’s hope we would be so lucky, but I’m doubtful.\nGhost Fleet is also not merely weak but detrimental in regards to the one “technology” that will be necessary for the US to avoid a war with China or others and contain it should it break out.\nIf I had to take a vote on one work that summed up the historical differences between the West and everyone else, differences that would eventually bring us the scientific revolution and all of the power that came with it, that work wouldn’t be one of science such as the Principia Mathematica or even some great work of philosophy or literature, but a history book.\nThe thing that makes Herodotus’ The Histories so unique was that it was the first time that one people tried to actually understand their enemies. It’s certainly eurocentric to say it, but the Greeks as far as I am aware, were first and unique here. It wasn’t just a one off.\nThucydides would do something similar for the intra-Hellenic conflict between Athenians and Spartans, but the idea of actually trying to understand your enemy, no doubt because so much about being an enemy lends itself to being hidden and thus needs to be imagined was brought to its’ heights in the worlds of drama and fiction. The great Aeschylus did this with the Persians as well with his tragedy named for that noble people.\nIt’s a long tradition that was seen right up until The Riddle of the Sands a 1903 book that depicted a coming war between the British and the Germans. Much different than the dehumanizing war propaganda that would characterize the Germans as less than human “Huns” during the First World War, The Riddle of the Sands attempted to make German aggression explicable given its’ historical and geographical circumstances even while arguing such aggression needed to be countered.\nIn Ghost Fleet by contrast the Chinese especially are reduced to something like Bond Villains, US control of the Pacific is wholly justified, its’ characters largely virtuous and determined. In that sense the novel fails to do what novels naturally excel at; namely, opening up realms to the imagination that otherwise remain inaccessible, and in this specific case the motivations, assumptions, and deep historical grievances likely to drive Chinese or Russian policy makers in the run up to and during any such conflict. Sadly, it is exactly such a lack of understanding that makes war great power wars and the existential risks to humanity they pose, perhaps not inevitable, but increasingly more likely.\n6 Comments Posted in Dystopia Tagged 21 century naval war, August Cole, China, Cyber-war, Ghost Fleet: A Novel of the Next World War review, International Relations, Is war between the US and China inevitable?, P.W. Singer, Politics, War\nThe Kingdom of Glass Walls: A Fable\nThere once was a king of extraordinary vanity who liked to spend his time riding throughout the great city he ruled on his gilded coach allowing all who saw him to marvel at his attire which was woven of gold thread and bejeweled with diamonds and sapphires.\nThe vain king especially liked parading himself in the neighborhoods of the poor reasoning that their sight of him would be the closest thing to heaven such filthy people would have before they died and met God’s glorious angels. It was during one of these “tours” that a woman threw a bucket of shit out of her window which landed squarely on the king’s head.\nWho knows if it was by accident as the poor peasant girl claimed that she was merely emptying onto the streets the overflow of her commode when the bucket slipped from her hands and fell onto the king? In any case the king awoke from unconsciousness after the blow a changed man with his vanity transformed.\nThe changed king adopted the unusual style of doing away with all prerogatives of royal privacy and ordered the bricks of his castle walls be replaced with the most transparent glass. Anyone could now literally see all the doings of the royal household as if the court were now fish in a bowl to the great annoyance of the queen.\nThe king soon went so far as to abandon his former golden attire for no clothes at all. The queen at this point wanted to have the royal doctors declare the king mad on account of him having been hit by a bucket on the head, but there were powerful courtiers in the court who decided that the king was to remain on his throne.\nAfter having a dream that his city-kingdom had been invaded by an enemy that feared the naked king was planning a surprise attack he had the defensive walls of the city leveled, so that no one could might think he meant them ill. Having experienced how liberating it felt to be open to all the world through his glass or torn down walls and nakedness the king wished that all his subjects could experience what he had.\nHe thus offered to pay out of his own treasury the cost of any of his subjects replacement of their walls of wood, brick or straw with walls of glass. Many of his subjects took the king up on the offer, for who would not want their cold house with walls of straw or dilapidated wood to be replaced with walls of clean, shiny glass?\nBut then a bug was placed in the king’s ear from a powerful anonymous courtier : “He with nothing to hide has nothing to fear” and with that the suspicion entered the king’s mind that the only people who would have kept their opaque walls must be hiding something.\nCriminals and bandits soon found ways game this system largely by using disguises and fake scenes painted on their glass walls while those with enough money found that with the proper “donation” they could keep their brick houses if they just put in a few more windows. However most law abiding persons now completely surrounded by glass had left themselves open to all sorts of peeping toms, shisters, and burglars. And with the walls of the city taken down some said they could see the torch lights of an army on the nearby hills at night.\nCitizens began to complain that perhaps replacing the walls of their homes with glass and tearing down the walls of the city was not a good idea. Just then the king announced to everyone’s’ surprise that he had fallen in love with a pig and wished to divorce the queen and marry his newly beloved scrofa domesticus.\nAt this the queen and even more importantly the powerful courtiers had had enough. The king was arrested and placed in a dungeon, although, not to be accused of cruelty, he was allowed to keep his pig with him. New walls much thicker than before replaced the castle’s walls of glass and the walls around the city were rebuilt.\nA decree went out from the court declaring that no citizen was allowed to replace the glass walls of their homes. The queen claimed that such total transparency among the subjects was necessary to catch criminals and even more so spies from neighboring kingdoms who meant to do the city harm, and after many years the people forgot that things had ever been different or that they had once been ruled by a transparent king.\nLeave a comment Posted in Archives Tagged David Cameron, Dystopia, Emperor's New Clothes, Encryption back doors, Mass Surveillance, Politics, Privacy and surveillance, Sousveillance, Transparency, UK Snooper's Charter\nStalinism as Transhumanism\nThe ever controversial Steve Fuller has recently published a number of jolting essays at the IEET,(there has been a good discussion on David Roden’s blog on the topic), yet whatever one thinks about the prospect of zombie vs transhumanist apocalypse he has managed to raise serious questions for anyone who identifies themselves with the causes of transhumanism and techno-progressivism; namely, what is the proper role, if any, of the revolutionary, modernizing state in such movements and to what degree should the movement be open to violence as a means to achieve its ends? Both questions, I will argue, can best be answered by looking at the system constructed in the Soviet Union between 1929 and 1953 under the reign of Joseph Stalin.\nThose familiar with the cast of characters in the early USSR will no doubt wonder why I chose to focus on the “conservative” Stalin rather Leon Trotsky who certainly evidenced something like proto-transhumanism with quotes such as this one in his essay Revolutionary and Socialist Art:\nMan will make it his purpose to master his own feelings, to raise his instincts to the heights of consciousness, to make them transparent, to extend the wires of his will into hidden recesses, and thereby to raise himself to a new plane, to create a higher social biologic type, or, if you please, a superman.\nIt was views like this one that stood as evidence for me of the common view among intellectuals sympathetic to Marxism that it was Trotsky who was the true revolutionary figure and heir of Lenin, whereas Stalin was instead a reactionary in Marxists garb who both murdered the promise latent in the Russian Revolution and constructed on the revolution’s corpse a system of totalitarian terror.\nSerious historians no longer hold such views in light of evidence acquired after the opening up of Soviet archives after the USSR’s collapse in 1991. What we’ve gained as a consequence of these documents is a much more nuanced and detailed view of the three major figures of the Russian Revolution: Lenin, Trotsky and Stalin all of which in some ways looked at violence as the premier tool for crafting a new social and political order.\nTake the father of the Russian Revolution- Lenin. The common understanding of Lenin in the past was to see him as a revolutionary pragmatist who engaged in widespread terror and advocated dictatorship largely as a consequence of the precarious situation of the revolution and in the atmosphere of danger and bloodshed found in the Russian civil war. In fact the historical record presented in the archives now makes clear that many of the abhorrent features of state communism in Russia once associated with Stalin in fact originated under Lenin, obscenities such as as the forerunner to the KGB, the Cheka, or the Soviet system of concentration camps- Solzhenitsyn’s gulag archipelago. Far from seeing them as temporary expedients in precarious situation of the revolution and the atmosphere of danger and bloodshed found in the Russian civil war, Lenin saw these innovations as a permanent feature of Marx’s “dictatorship of the proletariat”, which Lenin had reimagined as the permanent rule of a revolutionary, technocratic elite.\nTrotsky comes off only a little better because he never assumed the mantle of Soviet dictator. Trotsky’s problems, however, originate from his incredible egotism when combined with his stunning political naivete. His idea was that in the 1920’s conditions were ripe to export the communist revolution globally barely grasping just how precarious the situation was for the newly victorious communist revolutionaries within even his own country. Indeed, to the extent that both domestic communist in non-Russian countries identified with Soviet communism and prematurely pushed their societies towards revolution this only ended up in empowering reactionaries and leading to the rise of fascist parties globally who would come quite close to strangling the infant of state communism while it was still in its cradle.\nThen there’s Stalin who those sympathetic to communism often see as the figure who did the most to destroy its’ promise. The so-called “man of steel” is understood as a reactionary monster who replaced the idealism of the early Soviet Union with all the snakes that had infected czarist Russia’s head.\nThis claim too has now been upended. For what is clear is that although Stalin reoriented the USSR away from Trotsky’s dream of world revolution to focus on “socialism in one country” the state Stalin managed to create was perhaps the most radical and revolutionary the world has yet seen.\nThe state has always played a large role in modernization, but it was only in the types of communists regimes which Stalin was the first to envision that the state became synonymous with modernization itself. And it wasn’t only modernization, but a kind of ever accelerating modernization that aimed to break free of the gravity of history and bring humanity to a new world inhabited by a new type of man.\nIt was his revolutionary impatience and desire to accelerate the pace of history that led Stalin down the path to being perhaps the most bloody tyrant the world has yet know. The collectivization of Soviet agriculture alone coming at the cost of at least 5 million deaths. What Stalin seemed to possess that his fellow revolutionaries lacked was a kind of sociopathy that left him flinch-less in the face of mass suffering, though he also became possessed by the paranoia to which tyrants are prone and towards the end of his reign killed as much out of fear as he did as a consequence of his desire to propel the USSR through history.\nHere I return to Fuller who seems to have been inspired by state communism and appears to be making the case that what transhumanism needs is a revolutionary vanguard that will, violently if necessary, push society towards transformative levels of technological change. Such change will then make possible the arrival of a new form of human being.\nThere is a great deal of similarity here with the view of the state as presented by Zoltan Istvan in his novel The Transhumanist Wager though that work is somewhat politically schizophrenic with elements of Ayn Rand and Bolshevism at the same time, which perhaps makes sense given that the Silicon Valley culture it emerged from was largely built on government subsidies yet clings to the illusion it is the product of heroic individuals such as Steve Jobs. And of course, The Transhumanist Wager exhibits this same feature of believing violence necessary to open up the path to radical transformation.\nOne of the important questions we might ask is how analogous was the Russian situation with our own? What the Soviets were trying to do was to transform their society in a way that had been technologically experienced elsewhere only under a brand new form of political regime. In other words the technological transformation – industrialization- was already understood, where the Soviets were innovative was in the political sphere. At the same time, modernization to be accomplished in the Soviet Union needed to overthrow and uproot traditional social forces that had aligned themselves against industrialization- the nobility and the clergy. A strong state was necessary to overcome powerful and intransigent classes.\nNone of these characteristics seem applicable the kinds of technological change taking place today. For one, the type of complete technological transformation Fuller is talking about are occurring everywhere nearly simultaneously- say the current revolutions in biotechnology, robotics and artificial intelligence where no society has achieved some sort of clear breakout that a revolutionary movement is necessary to push society in the direction of replicating.\nNor does the question of technological transformation break clearly along class or even religious lines in a world where the right to left political spectrum remains very much intact. It is highly unlikely that a technological movement on the right will emerge that can remain viable while jettisoning those adhering to more traditional religious notions.\nLikewise, it is improbable that any left wing technological movement would abandon its commitment to the UN Declaration and the world’s poor. In thinking otherwise I believe Fuller is repeating Trotsky’s mistake- naively believing in political forces and realignments about to surface that simply aren’t there. (The same applies to Zoltan Istvan’s efforts.)\nYet by far the worst mistake Fuller makes is in embracing the Stalinist idea that acceleration needs to be politicized and that violence is a useful tool in achieving this acceleration. The danger here is not that justifying violence in the pursuit of transhumanist ends is likely to result in widespread collective violence in the name of such goals, but that it might start to attract sadists and kooks whose random acts of violence “in the name of transhumanism” put the otherwise humane goals of the movement at risk of social backlash.\nAt the same time Fuller is repeating the grave error of Stalinism which is to conflate power and the state with the process of technological transformation. The state is many and sometimes contradictory things with one of its’ roles indeed to modernize society. Yet at the same time the state is tasked with protecting us from that very same modernization by preventing us from being treated as mere parts in a machine rather than as individuals and citizens.\nFuller also repeats the error of the Stalinist state when it comes to the role and efficacy of violence in the political sphere for the proper role of violence is not as a creative force that is able to establish something new, but as a means of resistance and protection for those already bound together in some mutual alliance.\nStill, we might want to take seriously the possibility that Fuller has tapped into a longer term trend in which the ways technology is developing is opening up the possibility of the reappearance of the Stalinist state, but that’s a subject that will have to await for another time.\n1 Comment Posted in Dystopia Tagged David Roden, Modernization and violence, Philosophy, Politics, Stalin and revolution, Stalinism, Steve Fuller and violence, Transhumanism and communism, Transhumanism and the state, Transhumanism and violence, Trotsky and Transhumanism, Zoltan Istvan\nThe debate between the economists and the technologists, who wins?\nFor a while now robots have been back in the news with a vengeance, and almost on cue seem to have revived many of the nightmares that we might have thought had been locked up in the attic of the mind with all sorts of other stuff from the 1980’s, which it was hoped we would never need.\nBig fears should probably only be tackled one at a time, so let’s leave aside for today the question of whether robots are likely to kill us, and focus on what should be an easier nut to crack and a less frightening nut at that; namely, whether we are in the process of automating our way out into a state of permanent, systemic unemployment.\nAlas, even this seemingly less fraught question is no less difficult to answer. For like everything the issue seems to have given rise to two distinct sides neither of which seems to have a clear monopoly on the truth. Unlike elsewhere however, these two sides in the debate over “technological unemployment” usually split less over ideological grounds than on the basis of professional expertise. That is, those who dismiss the argument that advances in artificial intelligence and robotics have already, or are about to, displace the types of work now done by humans to the extent that we face a crisis of permanent underemployment and unemployment the likes of which have never been seen before tend to be economists. How such an optimistic bunch came to be known as dismissal scientists is beyond me- note how they are also on the optimistic side of the debate with environmentalists.\nEconomists are among the first to remind us that we’ve seen fears of looming robot induced unemployment before, whether those of Ned Ludd and his followers in the 19th century, or as close to us as the 1960s. The destruction of jobs has, in the past at least, been achieved through the kinds of transformation that created brand new forms of employment. In 1915 nearly 40% of Americans were agricultural laborers of some sort now that number hovers around 2 percent. These farmers weren’t replaced by “robots” but they certainly were replaced by machines.\nStill we certainly don’t have a 40% unemployment rate. Rather, as the number of farm laborer positions declined they were replaced by jobs that didn’t even exist in 1915. The place these farmers have not gone, or where they probably would have gone in 1915 that wouldn’t be much of an option today is into manufacturing. For in that sector something very similar to the hollowing out of employment in agriculture has taken place with the decline in the percentage of laborers in manufacturing declining since 1915 from 25% to around 9% today. Here the workers really have been replaced by robots though just as much have job prospects on the shop floor declined because the jobs have been globalized. Again, even at the height of the recent financial crisis we haven’t seen 25% unemployment, at least not in the US.\nEconomists therefore continue to feel vindicated by history: any time machines have managed to supplement human labor we’ve been able to invent whole new sectors of employment where the displaced or their children have been able to find work. It seems we’ve got nothing to fear from the “rise of the robots.” Or do we?\nAgain setting aside the possibility that our mechanical servants will go all R.U.R on us, anyone who takes serious Ray Kurzweil’s timeline that by the 2020’s computers will match human intelligence and by 2045 exceed our intelligence a billionfold has to come to the conclusion that most jobs as we know them are toast. The problem here, and one that economists mostly fail to take into account, is that past technological revolutions ended up replacing human brawn and allowing workers to upscale into cognitive tasks. Human workers had somewhere to go. But a machine that did the same for tasks that require intelligence and that were indeed billions of times smarter than us would make human workers about as essential to the functioning of a company as Leaper ornament is to the functioning of a Jaguar.\nThen again perhaps we shouldn’t take Kurzweil’s timeline all that seriously in the first place. Skepticism would seem to be in order because the Moore’s Law based exponential curve that is at the heat of Kurzweil’s predictions appears to have started to go all sigmoidal on us. That was the case made by John Markoff recently over at The Edge. In an interview about the future of Silicon Valley he said:\nAll the things that have been driving everything that I do, the kinds of technology that have emerged out of here that have changed the world, have ridden on the fact that the cost of computing doesn’t just fall, it falls at an accelerating rate. And guess what? In the last two years, the price of each transistor has stopped falling. That’s a profound moment.\nKurzweil argues that you have interlocked curves, so even after silicon tops out there’s going to be something else. Maybe he’s right, but right now that’s not what’s going on, so it unwinds a lot of the arguments about the future of computing and the impact of computing on society. If we are at a plateau, a lot of these things that we expect, and what’s become the ideology of Silicon Valley, doesn’t happen. It doesn’t happen the way we think it does. I see evidence of that slowdown everywhere. The belief system of Silicon Valley doesn’t take that into account.\nAlthough Markoff admits there has been great progress in pattern recognition there has been nothing similar for the kinds of routine physical tasks found in much of low skilled/mobile forms of work. As evidence from the recent DARPA challenge if you want a job safe from robots choose something for a living that requires mobility and the performance of a variety of tasks- plumber, home health aide etc.\nMarkoff also sees job safety on the higher end of the pay scale in cognitive tasks computers seem far from being able to perform:\nWe haven’t made any breakthroughs in planning and thinking, so it’s not clear that you’ll be able to turn these machines loose in the environment to be waiters or flip hamburgers or do all the things that human beings do as quickly as we think. Also, in the United States the manufacturing economy has already left, by and large. Only 9 percent of the workers in the United States are involved in manufacturing.\nThe upshot of all this is that there’s less to be feared from technological unemployment than many think:\nThere is an argument that these machines are going to replace us, but I only think that’s relevant to you or me in the sense that it doesn’t matter if it doesn’t happen in our lifetime. The Kurzweil crowd argues this is happening faster and faster, and things are just running amok. In fact, things are slowing down. In 2045, it’s going to look more like it looks today than you think.\nThe problem, I think, with the case against technological unemployment made by many economists and someone like Markoff is that they seem to be taking on a rather weak and caricatured version of the argument. That at least was is the conclusion one comes to when taking into account what is perhaps the most reasoned and meticulous book to try to convince us that the boogeyman of robots stealing our jobs might have all been our imagination before, but that it is real indeed this time.\nI won’t so much review the book I am referencing, Martin Ford’s Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future here as layout how he responds to the case from economics that we’ve been here before and have nothing to worry about or the observation of Markoff that because Moore’s Law has hit a wall (has it?), we need no longer worry so much about the transformative implications of embedding intelligence in silicon.\nI’ll take the second one first. In terms of the idea that the end of Moore’s Law will derail tech innovation Ford makes a pretty good case that:\nEven if the advance of computer hardware capability were to plateau, there would be a whole range of paths along which progress could continue. (71)\nContinued progress in software and especially new types of (especially parallel) computer architecture will continue to be mined long after Moore’s Law has reached its apogee. Cloud computing should also imply that silicon needn’t compete with neurons at scale. You don’t have to fit the computational capacity of a human individual into a machine of roughly similar size but could tap into a much, much larger and more energy intensive supercomputer remotely that gives you human level capacities. Ultimate density has become less important.\nWhat this means is that we should continue to see progress (and perhaps very rapid progress) in robotics and artificially intelligent agents. Given that we have what is often thought of as a 3 dimensional labor market comprised of agriculture, manufacturing and the service sector and the first two are already largely mechanized and automated the place where the next wave will fall hardest is in the service sector and the question becomes is will there be any place left for workers to go?\nFord makes a pretty good case that eventually we should be able to automate almost anything human beings do for all automation means is breaking a task down into a limited number of steps. And the examples he comes up with where we have already shown this is possible are both surprising and sometimes scary.\nPerhaps 70 percent of financial trading on Wall Street is now done by trading algorithms (who don’t seem any less inclined to panic). Algorithms now perform legal research and compose orchestras and independently discover scientific theories. And those are the fancy robots. Most are like ATM machines where its is the customer who now does part of the labor involved in some task. Ford thinks the fast food industry is rife for innovation in this way where the customer designs their own food that some system of small robots then “builds.” Think of your own job. If you can describe it to someone in a discrete number of steps Ford thinks the robots are coming for you.\nI was thankful that though himself a technologist, Ford placed technological unemployment in a broader context and sees it as part and parcel of trends after 1970 such as a greater share of GDP moving from labor and to capital, soaring inequality, stagnant wages for middle class workers, the decline of unions, and globalization. His solution to these problems is a guaranteed basic income, which he makes a humane and non-ideological argument for. Reminding those on the right who might the idea anathema that conservative heavyweights such Milton Friedman have argued in its favor.\nThe problem from my vantage point is not that Ford has failed to make a good case against those on the economists’ side of the issue who would accuse him of committing the Luddite fallacy, it’s that perhaps his case is both premature and not radical enough. It is premature in the sense that while all the other trends regarding rising inequality, the decline of unions etc are readily apparent in the statistics, technological unemployment is not.\nPerhaps then technological unemployment is only small part of a much larger trend pushing us in the direction of the entrenchment and expansion of inequality and away from the type of middle class society established in the last century. The tech culture of Silicon Valley and the companies they have built are here a little bit like Burning Man an example of late capitalist culture at its seemingly most radical and imaginative that temporarily escapes rather than creates a really alternative and autonomous political and social space.\nPerhaps the types of technological transformation already here and looming that Ford lays out could truly serve as the basis for a new form of political and economic order that served as an alternative to the inegalitarian turn, but he doesn’t explore them. Nor does he discuss the already present dark alternative to the kinds of socialism through AI we find in the “Minds” of Iain Banks, namely, the surveillance capitalism we have allowed to be built around us that now stands as a bulwark against preserving our humanity and prevent ourselves from becoming robots.\n3 Comments Posted in Dystopia Tagged Artificial Intelligence, Inequality, John Markoff, Luddite Fallacy, Martin Ford, Politics, Rise of the Robots, Robots, Technological Unemployment:, Technology, What will happen if Moore's Law Ends?\nWhy aren’t we living in H.G. Wells’ scientific dictatorship?\nOne of the more depressing things to come out of the 2008 financial crisis was just how little it managed to effect our expectations about the economy and political forms of the future. Sure, there was Occupy Wall Street, and there’s been at least some interesting intellectual ferment here and there with movements such as Accelerationist Marxism and the like, but none have really gone anywhere. Instead what we’ve got is the same old system only now with even more guarantees and supports for the super rich. Donald Trump may be a blowhard and a buffoon, but even buffoons and blowhards can tell the truth as he did during last Thursday’s debate when he essentially stated that politicians were in the pocket to those with the cash, such as himself, who were underneath it all really running the show.\nThe last really major crisis of capitalism wasn’t anything like this. In the 1930’s not only had the whole system gone down, but nearly everyone seemed convinced that capitalism, (and some even thought the representative democracy that had emerged in tandem with it) was on the way out.\nThen again, the political and economic innovation of the early 20th century isn’t the kind of thing any of us would wish for. Communists, which to many born after 1989 may seem as much like antiquated creatures from another world as American revolutionaries in powdered wigs, was by the 1930’s considered one of the two major ways the society of the future would likely be organized, and its’ competitor over the shape of the future wasn’t some humane and reasoned alternative, but the National Socialism of Hitler’s dark Reich.\nIf one wants to get a sense of the degree to which the smart money was betting against the survival of capitalism and democracy in the 1930’s one couldn’t do much better than that most eerily prescient of science-fiction prophets – H.G. Wells. In many ways, because he was speaking through the veneer of fiction Wells could allow himself to voice opinions which would have led even political radicals to blush. Also, because he was a “mere” fiction author his writings became one of the few ways intellectuals and politicians in liberal societies could daydream about a way out of capitalism’s constant crises, democracy’s fissiparousness and corruption, and most importantly for the survival of humanity in light of the nation-state’s increasingly destructive wars.\nWell’s 1933 The Shape of Things to Come, published not long after the Nazis had come to power in Germany, is perhaps his best example of a work that blurs the boundaries between a work of fiction and a piece of political analysis, polemic, and prediction. In the guise of a dream book of a character who has seen the future of the world from the 1930’s to the middle of the beginning of the 22nd century, Wells is able to expound upon the events of the day and their possible implications- over a century into the future.\nWriting six years before the event takes place Well’s spookily imagines World War II beginning with the German invasion of Poland. Also identifying the other major aggressor in a world war still to come, Wells realizes Japan had stepped into a quagmire by invading China from which much ill would come.\nThese predictions of coming violence (Wells forecast the outbreak of the Second World War to be 1940- one year off) are even more chilling when one watches the movie based upon the book, and know that the bombings of cities it depicts is not some cinematographer’s fantasy, but will no doubt have killed some of those who watched the film in theaters in 1936- less than five years later.\nNevertheless, Wells gets a host of very important things, not only about the future but about his present, very wrong. He gets it ass backwards in generally admiring the Soviet Union and seeing its’ problem not being the inhuman treatment by the Communist regime of its citizens, but the fact that they have wed themselves to what Well’s believes is an antiquated, dogmatic theory in Marxism.\nIndeed, Wells will build his own version of dictatorship in The Shape of Things to Come (though versions of it can be seen in his earlier work) using the ideas of two of Soviet communism’s founders- Trotsky’s idea of a global revolutionary movement which will establish a worldwide government and Lenin’s idea of an intellectual nucleus that will control all the aspects of society.\nNor, did Wells really grasp the nature of Nazism or the strange contradiction of a global alliance of fascist regimes that ostensibly worship the state. Wells saw Hitler as a throwback to a dying order based on the nation-state. His only modernity being\n“…control by a self-appointed, self-disciplined élite was a distinct step towards our Modern State organization.” (192)\nWells therefore misses the savagery born of the competition between world shaping ideologies and their mobilization of entire societies that will constitute the Second World War and its aftermath.\nIronically, Wells mistakenly thinks WWII will be short and its fatalities low because he gets his technological predictions right. He clearly foresees the role of the importance of the tank, the airplane, and the submarine to the future war and because of them even anticipates the Nazi idea of blitzkrieg. At one point he seems to have a glimmer of the death spirit that will seize over humankind during the war when he compares the submarine to a sacrificial altar:\nThe Germans supplied most of the flesh for this particular altar; willing and disciplined, their youngsters saluted and carried their kit down the ladder into this gently swaying clumsy murder mechanism which was destined to become their coffin. (70)\nNevertheless, he fails to see that the Second World War will unleash the kinds of violence and fanaticism formerly only seen in religious wars.\nTwo decades after Wells’ novel many would think that because of the introduction of nuclear weapons wars would be reduced to minutes. Instead conflict became stretched out across multiple decades. What this is should teach us is that we have no idea how any particular technology will ultimately affect the character of war – especially in terms of its intensity or duration- thus those hoping that robotic or cyber weapons will return us to short decisive conflicts are likely seeing a recurrent mirage.\nWells perhaps better understood than other would be revolutionaries and prophets of the time just how robust existing societies were despite their obvious flaws. The kind of space for true political innovation had seemingly occurred only during times of acute stress, such as war, that by their nature were short lived. A whole new way of organizing society had seemingly revealed itself during World War I in which the whole industrial apparatus of the nation was mobilized and directed towards a particular end. Yet the old society would reassert itself except in those societies that had experienced either defeat and collapse or Pyrrhic victory (Italy, Japan) in the conflict.\nWells thus has to imagine further crises after economic depression and world war to permanently shatter Western societies that had become fossilized into their current form. The new kind of war had itself erased the boundary between the state and the society during war, and here Wells is perhaps prescient in seeing the link between mass mobilization, the kinds of wars against civilians seen in the Second World War and insurgency/terrorism. Yet he pictures the final hammer blow not in the form of such a distributed conflict but coming in the form of a global pandemic that kills half of the world’s people. After that comes the final death of the state and the reversion to feudalism.\nIt is from a world ruled by warlords that Wells’ imagined “Air Dictatorship” will emerge. It is essentially the establishment of global rule by a scientific technocracy that begins with the imposition of a monopoly over global trade networks and especially control over the air.\nTo contemporary ears the sections on the Air Dictatorship can be humorously reminiscent of an advertisement for FedEx or the US Navy. And then the humor passes when one recalls that a world dominated by one global straddling military and multinational corporations isn’t too far from the one Wells pictured even if he was more inspired by the role of the Catholic Church in the Dark Ages, the Hanseatic League or the what the damned Bolsheviks were up to in Russia.\nOddly enough, Wells foresaw no resistance to the establishment of a world-state (he called it The Modern State) from global capitalists, or communists or the remnant of the security services of the states that had collapsed. Instead, falling into a modernist bias that remains quite current, Wells sees the only rival to the “Modern State” in the form of the universal religions which the Air Dictatorship will therefore have to destroy. Wells’ utopians declare war on Catholics (Protestants oddly give no resistance) forcefully close Mecca and declare war on Kosher foods. And all this deconstruction to be followed by “re-education” Wells thinks could be done without the kinds of totalitarian nightmares and abuses which are less than two decades away from when he is writing The Shape of Things.\nI am not particular fan of the universal confusion called post-modernism, but it does normally prevent most of us from making zingers like Wells’ such as this:\nThey are going to realize that there can be only one right way of looking at the world for a normal human being and only one conception of a proper scheme of social reactions, and that all others must be wrong and misleading and involve destructive distortions of conduct. (323)\nLike any self-respecting version of apocalypse, Wells imagines that after a period of pain and violence the process will become self sustaining and neither will be required, though most honorably for the time Wells thinks this world will be one of racial equality that will never again suffer the plague of extreme want.\nAnalogous to the universal religions, after the establishment of the Modern State all of humankind will become party to ultimate mission of the scientific endeavor which the protagonist in the movie version sums up manically in this crazy speech at the end of the film:\nFor man, no rest, he must go on. First this little planet and its’ winds and ways, and then all of the laws of mind and matter that restrain him. Then the planets above and at last out across immensity to the stars. And when he conquers all the depths of space and all of time still he will not be finished.\nAll the universe or nothing! Which shall it be?\n(As a side note Ken Stanley Robinson seems to think this modernist’s dream that the destiny of humanity is to settle the stars is still alive and kicking. In his newest novel he is out to kill it. Review pending. )\nTo return to our lack of imagination and direction after 2008: we, unlike Wells, know how his and similar modernist projects failed, and just how horribly they did so. Nevertheless, his diagnosis remains largely sound. It might take a crisis the scale none of us would wish for to engender real reform let alone the taking of radically new directions. Given historical experience such crises are much more likely to give rise to monsters than anything benign.\nAnarchists seem to grasp the shape of the time but not its implications. In a globalized world power has slipped out of the grasp of democratic sovereignty and into the hands of networked organizations- from multinational corporations, to security services, to terrorists and criminal groups able to transcend these borders. Yet it is tightly organized “machine like” organizations rather than decentralized/anarchic ones that seem to thrive in this feudal environment, and whereas that very feudalism and its competition makes achieving a unified voice in addressing urgent global problems even more difficult, and where despite our current perceptions, war between the armed groups that represent states the gravest existential threat to humanity, we, unlike Wells, know that no one group of us has all the answers, and that it is not only inhumane but impossible to win human unity out of the barrel of a ray gun\n11 Comments Posted in Dystopia Tagged Dystopia, Globalization, H.G. Wells and WWII, H.G. Wells new world order, H.G. Wells The Shape of Things to Come, Modernist Utopia, Politics, Predictions of WWII, Revolution, Things to come film, World Government, World State\nThe death of our Republic is inevitable, but what should replace it?\nHappy two hundred and thirty ninth birthday, America! Although it’s more accurate to claim the country is younger and date the current republic’s birth from the adoption of the constitution in 1787. Amazingly, it’s a constitution that in most respects remains essentially the same despite all the enormous changes that have happened in the centuries since it was written.\nAmericans are constantly claiming that their country is “exceptional” which has to bug the hell out of non-Americans and is only really true if exceptional is taken to mean something like weird. What makes us so weird is that we’re a country whose identity is based not on some real or imagined ethnicity, religion, or ancient civilization, but on allegiance to a set of political documents and the system of government those documents sanction. What unites a gun toting bible-belter and an atheist card carrying member of the ACLU is adherence to the same document, though their interpretations of it are radically different. Lately, it seems, this tug of war over the constitution is about to tear the document in two.\nThe tension of mutually contradictory interpretations was on full display in the recent fight over marriage equality where both sides, in all sincerity, believed their case justified by the very same document. The constitution considered by members of the right as a “Christian document” and one that enshrined authority over the question of marriage to the states, or that same constitution, and much more so the Declaration of Independence that came before it, considered by those on the left fighting for equal rights as what Martin Luther King Jr called a “promissory note” that held within itself the extension of the rights implicit in the Declaration and their extension to all citizens.\nThis dispute over the constitution’s meaning is at the root of the current fight over the Confederate flag, a debate which otherwise appears so superficial that seen in this light makes much more sense. What I think very few white Americans, myself included, have understood is to what extent the Confederate States of America claimed for itself the mantle of the constitution and its “true” meaning and turned what most of us have seen as the nation’s greatest hypocrisy and sin- the existence of slavery in a country supposedly founded on the principles of freedom and equality- as its’ justification.\nFor African Americans, the Confederate flag represents not just the brutality of slavery, but a claim of possession to a narrative of American history that claims freedom and equality is a privilege of whites alone. Something that is radically different than romantic ideas of the Confederacy as a tragic lost cause and rebellion against authority that we’re so prevalent in my youth. At a bare minimum the state capitals of governments whose insurrection against the Union resulted in deaths of tens of thousands of American soldiers should never have been flown such a flag.\nFull throated affection for the Confederacy when combined, as seems to often be the case, with strong American nationalism or patriotism always seemed contradictory to me as a Yankee. How could one worship the Confederacy while at the same time loving the Union that crushed it? What was lost on me was that such a view was not contradictory in so far as one thought that it was the Confederacy that had fought to defend the “real” and “legitimate” constitution. In other words that there was this dark and inegalitarian interpretation of the constitution and the American story that existed side-by side with the progressive (if far less than radical) understanding that I had always been taught. Since its beginnings and for a long time to come the greatest internal danger to the republic (in terms of violence) will continue to emerge from this ancient dispute over the constitution’s meaning and come from those who think they are acting in defense of some lost and ultimately inegalitarian version of it.\nYet such a conflict as a danger to the Republic itself, a sort of replay of the Civil War, seems very unlikely to be the way the Republic will ultimately end, and end it must just as every other system of government and civilization has eventually passed from the scene. On that score, the political scientists Francis Fukuyama and David Runciman recently held a fascinating public discussion that grappled with the question of not just American democracy’s future, but the future of democracy itself.\nFukuyama is of course famous for his 1989 essay and subsequent book “The End of History and the Last Man” which argued that history seemed to have a direction moving politics ever closer to what we would consider democratic forms. After 9-11 that view has taken a shellacking as trends towards democratization have gone into reverse. Fukuyama still thinks that democracy holds the greatest attraction as a system of government globally, though the process of democratization will likely be very slow and move forward in fits and starts. His biggest concern isn’t the arrival of some real alternative system of government out of a place like China, Russia or the Middle East to rival democracy in its attractiveness. Rather, his concern is with what he calls political decay- a phenomenon he finds particularly troubling in the United States.\nFukuyama is not some kind of anarchist outsider but an essentially a conservative thinker which makes his view that the financial crisis essentially enable political capture by elites who stymied any efforts at real reform all the more troubling. What he considers the archaic system of American government enables a “vetocracy” in which any special interest with deep enough pockets can initiate legal action to block or delay indefinitely policies regardless of such vetoes impacts on the public good. The system is therefore both hobbled and weak while at the same time being open to capture to manipulation and gaming on account of its monetized elections and revolving door. It is perhaps the worst mixture government for the long term health of society- too weak to make difficult decisions in the nation’s long term interests and too corrupt to make good ones.\nDavid Runciman is much less well known than Fukuyama but he shouldn’t be having written one of the most thought provoking tracks on democracy in recent years- The Confidence Trap. Runciman’s point in his discussion with Fukuyama build off of the argument he had presented in that book. That argument basically is that the greatest danger to democracy is its success. Runciman points out that the public sense of democracy has always been that it is failing miserably, which in a sense it is.\nYet it is that system’s very fickleness that gives rise to its sense of lacking direction and failure that allow democracies during periods of extreme crisis to respond with a flexibility its more stable rivals do not possess. The problem Runciman sees and adds to the fear of decay identified by Fukuyama is that democracy’s technocrats have become extremely adept and preventing crises from getting to the point that the public is jarred into pushing forward systemic change, and the system and society therefore rots over time.\nA possibility that troubles Runciman is that the time scales of the potential crises facing democracy seem to have decoupled from the elections that remain the primary route through which democratic change is effected. Potential crises are either now too extended in time – like global warming, or possess the lightning speed of technology in comparison to which electoral cycles can seem almost testudine. Are we superficially preventing the full onset of crises only to face much more systemic ones we will not have the wherewithal to respond to in the future?\nSome had hoped that if politics would not change itself, technology would end up changing the way we did politics. Yet the promise of technology to transform democracy in the early days of the internet have also proven to be false- technology is convenient and immediate – like an app- whereas politics seemingly by its nature is anything but.\nAnother point Runciman mentions but does not elaborate upon to this degree which seems particularly relevant today is the extension of democracy’s concerns not merely in terms of time but of space. Many of the most important issues facing us are global in scope. Thus the great hope of some democracy advocates that the European Union offered was as an emerging model for how democracy could be extended into the international sphere. It is a hope now dashed by the crisis in Greece. The EU is not a nascent new form of transnational democracy, but appears to be a new form of technocratic hegemony exercised in the interest of the strongests states.\nThe public at large has become exhausted with politics to the extent that some have argued we turn our decision making over to our increasing intelligent machines. Perhaps the ultimate end of not just the American Republic but democracy itself will come when our current systems of electoral competition are replaced by bureaucratic mechanism administered rationally and impartially by AI- an aloocracy. Or we’ll rule the world from our smart phones and their descendants deciding everything by means of constant referendum. The problem here is that most of the questions that face us can’t be algorithmically decided because they are questions of values, nor is it clear transforming decision making into something like referendum represents real freedom rather than surrendering our ability to think and debate to the equivalent of an electronic mob. Which leaves me with the questions: what system might replace our Republic that would actually be better than a reformed version of it that actually lives up to our more just and egalitarian aspirations for it?\n2 Comments Posted in Dystopia Tagged Confederate Flag, Constitution and Slavery, David Runciman, Fourth of July, Francis Fukuyama, Politics, The Confidence Trap, The Future of Democracy, United States, Vintage Lady Liberty\nIs Pope Francis the World’s Most Powerful Transhumanist?\nI remember once while on a trip to Arizona asking a long-time resident of Phoenix why anyone would want to live in such a godforsaken place. I wasn’t at all fooled by the green lawns and the swimming pools and knew that we were standing in the middle of a desert over the bones of the Hohokam Indians whose civilization had shriveled up under the brutality of the Sonora sun. The person I was speaking to had a quick retort to my east coast skepticism. Where I lived, he observed, was no more natural than where he did, for the constant need for air conditioning during much of the year in a place like Phoenix was but the flip side of the need for heat in the cold months in the backwoods of my native Pennsylvania. Everywhere humankind lives is in some sense “unnatural”, every place we have successfully settled it was because we had been able to wrestle nature’s arm behind her back and make her cry “uncle”.\nSometime around then, back in 2006, James Lovelock published what was probably the most frightening book I have ever read- The Revenge of Gaia. There he predicted the death of billions of human beings and the retreat of global civilization to the poles as the climate as we had known it throughout the 100,000 or so years of of species history collapsed under the weight of anthropogenic climate change. It was not a work of dystopian fiction.\nLovelock has since backed off from this particular version of apocalyptic nightmare, but not because we have changed our course or discovered some fundamental error in the models that lead to his dark predictions. Instead, it is because he thinks the pace of warming is somewhat slower than predicted due to sulfuric pollution and its reflection of sunlight that act like the sunshields people put on their car windows. Lovelock is also less frightened out of the realization that air conditioning allows large scale societies- he is particularly fond of Singapore, but he also could have cited the Arabian Gulf or American Southwest- to seemingly thrive in conditions much hotter than those which any large human population could have survived in the past. We are not the poor Hohokam.\nThe problem with this more sanguine view of things is in thinking Singapore like levels of adaptation are either already here or even remotely on the horizon. This is the reality brought home over the last several weeks as the death toll from an historic heat wave sweeping over India and Pakistan has risen into the thousands. Most societies, or at least those with the most people, lack the ability to effectively respond to the current and predicted impacts of climate change, and are unlikely to develop it soon. The societal effects and death toll of a biblical scale deluge are much different if one is in Texas or Bangladesh. Major droughts can cause collapse and civil war in the fragile states of the Middle East that do not happen under similar environmental pressures between Arizona or Nevada- though Paolo Bacigalupi’s recent novel The Water Knife helps us imagine this were so. Nor has something like the drought in California sparked or fed the refugee flows or ethnic religious tensions it has elsewhere and which are but a prelude of what will likely happen should we continue down this path.\nIt is this fact that the negative impacts of the Anthropocene now fall on the world’s poor, and given the scale of the future impacts of climate change will be devastating for the poor and their societies because they lack the resources to adjust and respond to these changes, that is the moral insight behind Pope Francis’ recent encyclical Laudato Si’, on Care for Our Common Home . It could not have been more timely.\nI have to say that much of the document has a beauty that is striking. Parts such as this:\nThe Psalms frequently exhort us to praise God the Creator, “who spread out the earth on the waters, for his steadfast love endures for ever” (Ps 136:6). They also invite other creatures to join us in this praise: “Praise him, sun and moon, praise him, all you shining stars! Praise him, you highest heavens, and you waters above the heavens! Let them praise the name of the Lord, for he commanded and they were created” (Ps 148:3-5). We do not only exist by God’s mighty power; we also live with him and beside him. This is why we adore him.\nLines like these reminded me of the poetry of Walt Whitman, or perhaps better even that most eloquent atheist Lucretius. And there are points in the letter where the relationship of God to non-human animals is portrayed in almost post-humanist terms, which makes a lot of sense given the pope’s namesake. But the purpose of Laudato Si isn’t to serve as poetry or even as a reminder to Christians that care for the natural world is not only not incompatible with their faith but a logical extension of it. Rather, the purpose of the pope’s letter is to serve as a moral indictment and a call to action. Pope Francis has, rightly and justly, connected our obligations to the global environment with our obligations to the world’s poor.\nThe problem with religious documents, even beautiful and uplifting documents such as the Laudato Si is that as a type they do not grapple with historical or moral ambiguity. Such documents by their nature try to establish continuity with the past, as in claiming the church contained whatever teaching is being communicated all along. They also by their very nature try to establish firm moral lines not only for the present and future but also in the past rather than grapple with the fact that we are more often confronted with much more ambiguous moral trade-offs -and always have been.\nWhat Laudato Si lacks is ironically the same acknowledgement that New Atheists so critical of Christianity often lack, namely the recognition that the history of our understanding of nature or the universe through science is part and parcel of the history of Christianity itself. It was Christians, after all, who having won over the Roman elites in the 3rd century AD managed to do what all the natural philosophers since Thales had never managed to, namely, to rid nature of “gods” as an explanation for everyday occurrences thus opening up a space for our understanding of nature as something free of intention. Only such a dis-enchanted nature could be considered predictable and machine-like by thinkers such as Newton, or made a subject for “interrogation” as it was by the philosopher Francis Bacon in the 17th century. And it’s with Bacon that we see how morally complicated the whole conquest of nature narrative Pope Francis grapples with in Laudato Si actually is.\nIt was Christianity that inspired Bacon’s quest for scientific knowledge – his search for what he believes to be the lost true knowledge of Adam that will give us mastery over nature. The very purpose of this mastery for him was a Christian and charitable one “the relief of man’s estate”. And yet such mastery and relief cannot be won without treating nature as an object to be tamed or forced into the constraints of a machine. The universe as clock.\nTragically, it wouldn’t only be the natural world that the West would subjugate in its quest to escape the pain and privation often inflicted by nature, it would be other human beings as well. The conquest and exploitation of non-Western societies that began, not coincidentally, at the same time as the Scientific Revolution would be justified on the grounds that civilization itself and human progress found such conquest necessary as a means of escaping the trap of nature.\nFor a long time indeed the argument that the “civilized” had a right to exploit and take from “savages” was a biblical one. When responding to his own rhetorical question of how it could be that English settlers in the New World had the right to seize the lands of the Indians who also were “sons of Adam” the Puritan John Winthrop answered:\nThat which is common to all is proper to none… Why may not Christians have liberty to dwell among them in their wastelands and woods (leaving such places as they have manured for their corne) as lawfully as Abraham did among the Sodomites? (117)\nThe point Winthrop was making was drawn from God’s command of Adam to a life of labor, which was considered the birth of society by John Locke and made the basis of property- that anything not developed and claimed was without value or ownership and there for the taking.\nThis was not just a matter of Protestant reinterpretations of the Bible. Before Winthrop the Catholic Columbus and Spanish understood their mission and the distinction between them and Native American along millenarian lines. In 1493 Pope Alexander IV gave the New World to Spain and Portugal (as if he owned them). During the opening phase of the modern world Christianity and any globalizing scientific and capitalist project were essentially indistinguishable.\nCenturies later when the relationship between Christianity and science was severed by Charles Darwin and the deep time being uncovered by geology in the 19th century neither abandoned the idea of remaking what for the first time in history was truly “one world” in their own image. Yet whereas Christianity pursued its mission among the poor (in which it was soon joined by a global socialist movement) science (for a brief time) became associated with a capitalist globalization through imperialism that was based upon the biological chimera of race- the so-called “white man’s burden”. This new “scientific” racism freed itself from the need to grapple, as even a brutally racist regime like the Confederate States needed to do, with the biblical claim that all of humankind shared in the legacy of Adam and possessed souls worthy of dignity and salvation. It was a purely imaginary speciation that ended in death camps.\nThe moral fate of science and society would have been dark indeed had the Nazis racial state managed to win the Second World War, and been allowed to construct a society in which individuals reduced to the status of mere animals without personhood. Society proved only a little less dark when totalitarian systems in the USSR and China seized the reigns of the narrative of socialist liberation and reduced the individual to an equally expendable cog in the machine not of nature but of history. Luckily, communism was like a fever that swept over the world through the 20th century and then, just as quickly as it came, it broke and was gone.\nInstead of the nightmare of a global racist regime or its communist twin or something else we find ourselves in a very mixed situation with one state predominant -the United States- yet increasingly unable to impose its will on the wider world. During the period of US hegemony some form of capitalism and the quest for modernity has become the norm. This has not all been bad, for during this period conditions have indeed undeniably improved for vast numbers of humanity. Still the foundation of such a world in the millenarian narrative of the United States, that it was a country with a “divine mission” to bring freedom to the world was just another variant of the Christian, Eurocentric, Nazi, Communist narrative that has defined the West since Joachim de Fiore if not before. And like all those others it has resulted in a great amount of unnecessary pain and will not be sustained indefinitely.\nWe are entering an unprecedented period where the states with the largest economies (along with comes the prospect of the most powerful militaries) China and at some point India- continue to be the home of 10s of millions of the extremely poor. Because of this they are unlikely to accept and cannot be compelled to accept restraints on their growth whose scale dwarfs that of the already unsustainable environmental course we are already on. These great and ancient civilization/states are joined by states much weaker some of which were merely conjured up by Western imperialist at the height of their power. They are states that are extremely vulnerable to crisis and collapse. Many of these vulnerable states are in Africa (many of those in the Middle East have collapsed) where by the end of this century a much greater portion of humanity will be found and which by then will have long replaced Europe as the seat of the Christianity and the church. We are having a great deal of difficulty figuring out how we are going to extend the benefits of progress to them without wrecking the earth.\nPope Francis wants us to see this dilemma sharply. He is attempting to focus our attention on the moral impact of the environmental, consumer and political choices we have made and will make especially as we approach the end of the year and the climate summit in Paris. Let us pray that we begin to change course, for if he doesn’t, those of us still alive to see it and our children and descendants are doomed.\nThough I am no great fan of the idea that this century is somehow the most important one in terms of human survival, we really do appear to be entering a clear danger zone between now and into the early years of the 22nd century. It is by sometime between now and then that human population growth will have hopefully peaked, and alternatives to the carbon economy perfected and fully deployed. Though the effects of climate change will likely last millennia with the halting of new carbon emissions the climate should at least stabilize into a new state. We will either have established effective methods of response and adaptation or be faced with the after effect of natural disasters- immense human suffering, societal collapse, refugee flows and conflicts. We will also either have figured out a more equitable economic system and created sustainable prosperity for all or tragically have failed to do so.\nWhat the failure to adapt to climate change and limit its impact and/ or the failure to further extend the advances of modernity into the developing world would mean was the failure of the scientific project as the “relief of man’s estate” begun by figures like Francis Bacon. Science after a long period of hope will have resulted in something quite the opposite of paradise.\nHowever, even before these issues are decided there is the danger that we will revive something resembling the artificial religious and racial division of humanity into groups where a minority lays claim to the long legacy of human technological and cultural advancement as purely its own. This, at least, is how I read the argument of the sociologist Steve Fuller who wants us to reframe our current political disputes from left vs right to what he “up- wingers” vs “down wingers” where up wingers are those pursuing human enhancement and evolution through technology (like himself) and down wingers those arguing in some sense against technology and for the preservation of human nature – as he characterizes Pope Francis.\nThe problem with such a reframing is that it forces us to once again divide the world into the savage and the civilized, the retrograde and the advancing. At its most ethical this means forgetting about the suffering or fate of those who stand on the “savage” side of this ledger and taking care of oneself and one’s own. At its least ethical it means treating other human beings as sub-human, or perhaps “sub-post human”, and is merely a revival of the Christian justification for crimes against “infidels” or white’s rationale for crimes against everyone else. It is the claim in effect that you are not as full a creature as us, and therefore do not possess equivalent rights. Ultimately the idea that we can or should split humanity up in such a way is based on a chronological fantasy.\nThe belief that there is an escape hatch from our shared global fate for any significant segment of humanity during the short time frame of a century is a dangerous illusion. Everywhere else in the solar system including empty space itself is a worse place to live than the earth even when she is in deep crisis. We might re-engineer some human beings to live beyond earth, but for the foreseeable future, it won’t be many. As Ken Stanley Robison never tires of reminding us,the stars are too far away- there won’t be a real life version of Interstellar. The potential escape hatch of uploading or human merger with artificial intelligence is a long, long ways off. Regardless of how much we learn about delaying the aging clock for likely well past this century we will remain biological beings whose fate will depend on the survival of our earthly home which we evolved to live in.\nIn light of this Fuller is a mental time traveler who has confused a future he has visited in his head with the real world. What this “up-winger” has forgotten and the “down-winger” Pope Francis has not is that without our efforts to preserve our world and make it more just there will either be no place to build our imagined futures upon or there will be no right to claim it represents the latest chapter in the long story of our progress.\nIn this sense, and even in spite of his suspicion of technology, this popular and influential pope might just prove to be one of the most important figures for the fate of any form of post-humanity. For it is likely that it will only be through our care for humanity as a whole, right now, that whatever comes after us will have the space and security to actually appear in our tomorrow.\n2 Comments Posted in Dystopia, Utopia Tagged Climate Change, Climate change and inequality, Francis Bacon, Global Warming, James Lovelock, Laudato Si, Philosophy, Politics, Pope Francis, Post-humanism, Progress, Steve Fuller, Transhumanism\nThe Man Who Invented the Future\nIt is strange how some of the most influential individuals in human history can sometimes manage to slip out of public consciousness to the extent that almost no one knows who they are. What if I were to tell you that the ideas of one person who lived almost 900 years ago were central to everything from the Protestant Reformation, to the French Revolution, to Russia and America’s peculiar type of nationalism, to Communism and Nazism, to neo-liberal optimists such as Steven Pinker and now Michael Shermer, to (of most interest to this audience) followers of Ray Kurzweil and his Singularity; would you believe me, or think I was pulling a Dan Brown?\nThat individual was a 12th century was a monk named Joachim de Fiore, very much for real, and who up until very recently I had never heard of. In some ways this strange monk not only was a necessary figure in formation all of the systems of thought and political movements listed above, he also might seriously be credited with inventing the very idea of the future itself.\nWhether you’re a fan of Game of Thrones or not put yourself for a moment in the mind of a European in the Middle Ages. Nothing around you has what we would consider a rational explanation, rather, it can only be understood in reference to the will of an unseen deity or his demonic rival. It is quite a frightening place, and would even be spatially disorienting for a modern person used to maps and ideas regarding how the different worlds one sees while looking at the ground or up towards the sky, especially at night, fit together. It would have seemed like being stuck at the bottom of a seemingly endless well, unable to reach the “real” world above. A vertical version of Plato’s famous cave.\nStarting in the 13th century there were attempts to understand humankind’s position in space more clearly, and some of these attempts were indeed brilliant, even anticipating current idea such as the Big Bang and the multiverse. This was shown recently in a wonderful collaboration between scholars in the humanities, mathematicians and scientists on the work of another largely forgotten medieval figure, Robert Grosseteste.\nEven before Grosseteste was helping expand medievals’ understanding of space, Joachim de Fiore had expanded their notion of time. For time in the medieval worldview time was almost as suffocating as the stuck-in-a-well quality of their notion of space.\nMedievals largely lacked a notion of what we would understand as an impersonal future that would be different from the past. It wasn’t as if a person living then would lack the understanding that their own personal tomorrow would be different than today- that their children would age and have children of their own and that the old would die- it was that there was little notion that the world itself was changing. It would be a tough sell to get a medieval to pay for a trip into the future, for in their view whether you’d travel 100 or 1000 years forward everything would be almost exactly the same, unless, that is, the world wasn’t there to visit at all.\nBeing a medieval was a lot like being on death row- you know exactly how your life will end- you just wouldn’t know when exactly you’ll run out of appeals. A medieval Christian had the end of the story in the Book of Revelation with it’s cast of characters such as the Antichrist and scenes such as the battle of armageddon. A Christian was always on the look out for the arrival of all the props for the play that would be the end of the current world, and if they believed in any real difference between the present and the future it was that the world in which these events were to occur would be what we would consider less technologically and socially advanced than the Roman world into which Christ had been born. History for the medievals, far from being the story of human advancement, was instead the tale of societal decay.\nWell before actual events on the ground, improvements in human living standards, technological capacity and scientific understanding, undermined this medieval idea of the future as mere decadence before a final ending, Joachim de Fiore would do so philosophically and theologically.\nJoachim was born around 1135 into a well of family with his father being a member of the Sicilian court. Joachim too would begin his career as a court official, but it would not last. In his early twenties, while on a diplomatic mission to the Byzantine Emperor, Joachim broke away to visit the Holy Land, and according to legend felt the call of God.He spent the Lenten season in meditation on Mt Tabor where “on the eve of Easter day, he received ‘the fullness of knowledge’”. (3)\nHe became a monk and soon a prior and abbot for of Corazzo one assumes on account of his remarkable intelligence, but Joachim would spend his time writing his great trilogy: The Harmony of the New and Old Testaments, Exposition of Apocalypse, and the Psaltery of Ten Strings eventually receiving a dispensation from his work as abbot by Pope Clement III so he could devote himself fully to his writing.\nEventually a whole monastic order would grow up around Joachim, and though this order would last only a few centuries, and Joachim would die in 1202 before finishing his last book the Tract on the Four Gospels his legacy would almost fully be felt in the way we understand history and the future.\nJoachim constructed a theory of history based on the Christian Trinity: the Age of the Father – from Adam to the birth of Christ, the Age of the Son- from Christ until The Age of the Spirit. There had been examples of breaking history into historical ages before, what made Joachim different was his idea that:\n“… Scripture taught a record of man’s gradual spiritual developments, leading to a perfected future age which was the fulfillment of prophetic hope.” (13)\n“… one to be ushered in with a New Age of guidance by the Holy Spirit acting through a new order of meditative men who truly contemplated God. “ (12)\nWhat is distinct and new about this was that history was spiritualized, it became the story of humankind’s gradual improvement and moving towards a state of perfection that was achievable in the material world (not in some purely spiritual paradise). And we could arrive at this destination if only we could accept the counsel of the virtuous and wise. It was a powerful story that has done us far more harm than good.\nJoachimite ideas can be found at the root of the millennia fantasies of the European religious wars, and were secularized in the period of the French Revolution by figures like the Marquis de Condorcet and Auguste Comte. The latter even managed to duplicate Joachim’s tri-part model of history only now the ages only now they were The Theological, The Metaphysical, and the Positive Stage which we should read as religious, philosophical and scientific with Joachim’s monks being swapped for scientists.\nHegel turned this progressive version of history into a whole system of philosophy and the atheist Marx turned Hegel “upside down” and created a system of political economy and revolutionary program. The West would justify its imperial conquest of Africa and subjugation of Asia on the grounds that they were bringing the progressive forces of history to “barbaric” peoples. The great ideological struggle of the early 20th century between Communism, Nazism, and Liberalism pitted versions of historical determinism against one another.\nIf postmodernism should have meant the end of overarching metanarratives the political movements that have so far most shaped the 21st century seem not to have gotten the memo. The century began with an attack by a quasi- millenarian cult (though they would not recognize Joachim as a forbearer). The 9-11 attacks enabled an averous and ultimately stupid foreign policy on the part of the United States which was only possible because the American people actually believed in their own myth that their system of government represented the end of history and the secret wish of every oppressed people in the world.\nNow we have a truly apocalyptic cult in the form of ISIS while Russia descends into its own version of Joachimite fantasy based on Russia’s “historical mission” while truth itself disappears in a postmodern hall of mirrors. Thus it is that Joachim’s ideas regarding the future remain potent. And the characters attracted to his idea of history are, of course, not all bad. I’d include among this benign group both singularitarians and the new neo-liberal optimists. The first because they see human history moving towards an inevitable conclusion and believe that their is an elite that should guide us into paradise – the technologists. Neo-liberal optimists may not be so starry eyed but they do see history as the gradual unfolding of progress and seem doubtful that this trend might reverse.\nThe problem I have with the singularitarians is their blindness to the sigmoid curve – the graveyard where all exponentials go to die. There is a sort of “evolutionary” determinism to singularitarianism that seems to think not only that there is only one destination to history, but that we already largely know what that destination is. For Joachim such determinism makes sense, his world having been set up and run by an omnipotent God, for what I assume to be mostly secular singularitarians such determinism does not make sense and we are faced with the contingencies of evolution and history.\nMy beef with the neo-liberal optimists, in addition to the fact that they keep assaulting me with their “never been better” graphs is that I care less that human suffering has decreased than the reasons why, so that such a decrease can be continued or its lower levels preserved. I also care much more where the moral flaws of our society remain acute because only then will I know where to concentrate my political and ethical action. If the world today is indeed better than the world in the past (and it’s not a slam dunk argument even with the power point) let’s remember the struggles that were necessary to achieve that and continue to move ourselves towards Joachim’s paradise while being humble and wise enough to avoid mistaking ourselves with the forces of God or history, a mistake that has been at the root of so much suffering and evil.\n1 Comment Posted in Dystopia, Utopia Tagged American exceptionalism, End of history, historical determinism, History, ISIS, Joachim of Fiore, Joachim of Fiore: A Study in Spiritual Perception and History, medieval prophecy, Neo-conservatism, Philosophy, Politics, Robert Grosseteste, Russian exceptionalism, Singularitarianism, The end of the world\nFreedom in the Age of Algorithms\nReflect for a moment on what for many of us has become the average day. You are awoken by your phone whose clock is set via a wireless connection to a cell phone tower, connected to a satellite, all ultimately ending in the ultimate precision machine, a clock that will not lose even a second after 15 billion years of ticking. Upon waking you connect to the world through the “sirene server” of your pleasure that “decides” for you based on an intimate profile built up over years the very world you will see- ranging from Kazakhstan to Kardasian, and connects your intimates, and those whom you “follow” and, if you’re lucky enough, your streams of “followers”.\nPerhaps you use a health app to count your breakfast calories or the fat you’ve burned on your morning run, or perhaps you’ve just spent the morning by playing Bejeweled, and will need to pay for your sins of omission later. On your mindless drive to work you make the mistake of answering a text from the office while in front of a cop who unbeknownst to you has instantly run your licence plate to find out if you are a weirdo or terrorist. Thank heavens his algorithm confirms you’re neither.\nWhen you pull into the Burger King drive through to buy your morning coffee, you thoughtlessly end up buying yet another bacon egg and cheese with a side of hash browns in spite of your best self nagging you from inside your smart phone. Having done this one too many times this month your fried food preference has now been sold to the highest bidders, two databanks, through which you’ll now be receiving annoying coupons in the mail along with even more annoying and intrusive adware while you surf the web, the first from all the fast food restaurants along the path of your morning commute, the other friendly, and sometimes frightening, suggestions you ask your doctor about the new cholesterol drug evolocumab.\nYou did not, of course, pay for your meal with cash but with plastic. Your money swirling somewhere out there in the ether in the form of ones and zeroes stored and exchanged on computers to magically re-coalesce and fill your stomach with potatoes and grease. Your purchases correlated and crunched to define you for all the machines and their cold souls of software that gauge your value as you go about your squishy biological and soulless existence.\nThe bizarre thing about this common scenario is that all of this happens before you arrive at the office, or store, or factory, or wherever it is you earn your life’s bread. Not only that, almost all of these constraints on how one views and interacts with the world have been self imposed. The medium through which much of the world and our response to is now apps and algorithms of one sort or another. It’s gotten to the point that we now need apps and algorithms to experience what it’s like to be lost, which seems to, well… misunderstand the definition of being lost.\nI have no idea where future historians, whatever their minds are made of, will date the start of this trend of tracking and constraining ourselves so as to maintain “productivity” and “wellness”, perhaps with all those 7- habits- of- highly- effective books that started taking up shelf space in now ancient book stores sometime in the 1980’s, but it’s certainly gotten more personal and intimate with the rise of the smart phone. In a way we’ve brought the logic of the machine out of the factory and into our lives and even our bodies- the idea of super efficient man-machine merger as invented by Frederick Taylor and never captured better than in Charlie Chaplin’s brilliant 1936 film Modern Times.\nThe film is for silent pictures what the Wizard of OZ was for color and bridges the two worlds where almost all of the spoken parts are through the medium of machines including a giant flat screen that seemed entirely natural in a world that has been gone for eighty years. It portrays the Tramp asserting his humanity in the dehumanizing world of automation found in a factory where even eating lunch had been mechanized and made maximally efficient. Chaplin no doubt would have been pleasantly surprised with how well much of the world turned out given the bleakness of economic depression and soon world war he was facing, but I think he also would have been shocked at how much we have given up of the Tramp in us all without reason and largely of our own volition.\nStill, the fact of the matter is that this new rule of apps and and algorithms much of which comes packaged in the spiritualized wrapping of “mindfulness” and “happiness” would be much less troubling did it not smack of a new form of Marx’s “opiate for the people” and divert us away from trying to understand and challenge the structural inadequacies of society.\nFor there is nothing inherently wrong with measuring performance as a means to pursue excellence, or attending to one’s health and mental tranquility. There’s a sort of postmodern cynicism that kicks in whenever some cultural trend becomes too popular, and while it protects us from groupthink, it also tends to lead to intellectual and cultural paralysis. It’s only when performance measures find their way into aspects of our lives that are trivialized by quantifying – such as love or family life- that I think we should earnestly worry, along, perhaps, with the atrophy of our skills to engage with the world absent these algorithmic tools.\nMy really deep concern lies with the way apps and algorithms now play the role of invisible instruments of power. Again, this is nothing new to the extent that in the pre-digital age such instruments came in the form of bureaucracy and the rule by decree rather than law as Hannah Arendt laid out in her Origins of Totalitarianism back in the 1950:\nIn governments by bureaucracy decrees appear in their naked purity as though they were no longer issued by powerful men, but were the incarnation of power itself and the administrator only its accidental agent. There are no general principles behind the decree, but ever changing circumstances which only an expert can know in detail. People ruled by decree never know what rules them because of the impossibility of understanding decrees in themselves and the carefully organized ignorance of specific circumstances and their practical significance in which all administrators keep their subjects. (244)\nIt’s quite easy to read the rule of apps and algorithms in that quote especially the part about “only an expert can know in detail” and “carefully organized ignorance” a fact that became clear to me after I read what is perhaps the best book yet on our new algorithmically ruled lives, Frank Pasquale’s The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information.\nI have often wondered what exactly was being financially gained by gathering up all this data on individuals given how obvious and ineffective the so-called targeted advertisements that follow me around on the internet seem to be, and Pasquale managed to explain this clearly. What is being “traded” is my “digital reputation” whether as a debtor, or insurance risk (medical or otherwise), or customer with a certain depth of pocket and identity- “father, 40’s etc”- or even the degree to which I can be considered a “sucker” for scam and con artists of one sort or another.\nThis is a reputation matrix much different from the earlier arrangements based or personal knowledge or later impersonal systems such as credit reporting (though both had their abuses) or that for health records under H.I.P.A.A in the sense that the new digital form or reputation is largely invisible to me, its methodology inscrutable, its declarations of my “identity” immune to challenge and immutable. It is as Pasquale so-aptly terms a “black box” in the strongest sense of that word meaning unintelligible and opaque to the individual within it like the rules Kafka’s characters suffer under in his novels about the absurdity of hyper- bureaucracy (and of course more) The Castle and The Trial.\nMuch more troubling, however, is how such corporate surveillance interacts with the blurring of the line between intelligence and police functions – the distinction between the foreign and domestic spheres- that has been what of the defining features of our constitutional democracy. As Pasquale reminds us:\nTraditionally, a critical distinction has been made between intelligence and investigation. Once reserved primarily for overseas spy operations, “intelligence” work is anticipatory, it is the job of agencies like the CIA, which gather potentially useful information on external enemies that pose a threat to national security. “Investigation” is what police do once they have evidence of a crime. (47)\nIt isn’t only that such moves towards a model of “predictive policing” mean the undoing of constitutionally guaranteed protections and legal due process (presumptions of innocence, and 5th amendment protections) it is also that it has far too often turned the police into a political instrument, which, as Pasquale documents, have monitored groups ranging from peaceful protesters to supporters of Ron Paul all in the name of preventing a “terrorist act” by these members of these groups. (48)\nThe kinds of illegal domestic spying performed by the NSA and its acronymic companions was built on back of an already existing infrastructure of commercial surveillance. The same could be said for the blurring of the line between intelligence and investigation exemplified by creation of “fusion centers” after 9-11 which repurposed the espionage tools once contained to intelligence services and towards domestic targets and for the purpose of controlling crime.\nBoth domestic spying by federal intelligence agencies and new forms of invasive surveillance by state and local law enforcement had been enabled by the commercial surveillance architecture established by the likes of corporate behemoths such as FaceBook and Google to whom citizens had surrendered their right to privacy seemingly willingly.\nGiven the degree to which these companies now hold near monopolies hold over the information citizens receive Pasquale thinks it would be wise to revisit the breakup of the “trusts” in the early part of the last century. It’s not only that the power of these companies is already enormous it’s that were they ever turned into overt political tools they would undermine or upend democracy itself given that citizen action requires the free exchange of information to achieve anything at all.\nThe black box features of our current information environment have not just managed to colonize the worlds of security, crime, and advertisement, they have become the defining feature of late capitalism itself. A great deal of the 2008 financial crisis can be traced to the computerization of finance over the 1980’s. Computers were an important feature of the pre-crisis argument that we had entered a period of “The Great Equilibrium”. We had become smart enough, and our markets sophisticated enough (so the argument went) that there would be no replay of something like the 1929 Wall Street crash and Great Depression. Unlike the prior era markets without debilitating crashes were not to be the consequence of government regulation to contain the madness of crowds and their bubbles and busts, but in part from the new computer modeling which would exorcise from the markets the demon of “animal spirits” and allow human beings to do what they had always dreamed of doing- to know the future. Pasquale describes it this way:\nAs information technology improved, lobbyists could tell a seductive story: regulators were no longer necessary. Sophisticated investors could vet their purchases. Computer models could identify and mitigate risk. But the replacement of regulation by automation turned out to be as fanciful as flying cars or space colonization. (105)\nComputerization gave rise to ever more sophisticated financial products, such as mortgage backed securities, based on ever more sophisticated statistical models that by bundling investments gave the illusion of stability. Even had there been more prophets crying from the wilderness that the system was unstable they would not have been able to prove it for the models being used were “a black box, programmed in proprietary software with the details left to the quants and the computers”. (106)\nIt seems there is a strange dynamic at work throughout the digital economy, not just in finance but certainly exhibited in full force there, where the whole game in essence a contest of asymmetric information. You either have the data someone else lacks to make a trade, you process that data faster, or both. Keeping your algorithms secret becomes a matter of survival for as soon as they are out there they can be exploited by rivals or cracked by hackers- or at least this is the argument companies make. One might doubt it though once this you see how nearly ubiquitous this corporate secrecy and patent hoarding has become in areas radically different from software such as the pharmaceuticals or by biotech corporations like Monsanto which hold patents on life itself and whose logic leads to something like Paolo Bacigalupi’s dystopian novel The Windup Girl.\nFor Pasquale complexity itself becomes a tool of obfuscation in which corruption and skimming can’t help but become commonplace. The contest of asymmetric information means companies are engaged in what amounts to an information war where the goal is as much to obscure real value to rivals and clients so as to profit from the difference in this distortion. In such an atmosphere markets stop being able to perform the informative role Friedrich Hayek thought was their very purpose. Here’s Pasquale himself:\n…financialization has created enormous uncertainty about the value of companies, homes, and even (thanks to the pressing need for bailouts) the once rock solid promises of governments themselves.\nFinance thrives in this environment of radical uncertainty, taking commissions in cash as investors (or, more likely, their poorly monitored agents) race to speculate on or hedge against an ever less knowable future. (138)\nOkay, if Pasquale has clearly laid out the problem, what is his solution? I could go through a list of his suggestions, but I should stick to the general principle. Pasquale’s goal, I think, is to restore our faith in our ability to publicly shape digital technology in ways that better reflect our democratic values. That the argument which claims software is unregulable is an assumption not a truth and the tools and models for regulation and public input over the last century for the physical world are equally applicable to the digital one.\nWe have already developed a complex, effective, system of privacy protections in the form of H.I.P.A, there are already examples of mandating fair understandable contracts (as opposed to indecipherable “terms of service” agreements) in the form of various consumer protection provisions, up until the 1980’s we were capable of regulating the boom and bust cycles of markets without crashing the economy. Lastly the world did not collapse when earlier corporations that had gotten so large they threatened not only the free competition of markets, but more importantly, democracy itself, were broken up and would not collapse were the like of FaceBook, Google or the big banks broken up either.\nAbove all, Pasquale urges us to seek out and find some way to make the algorithmization of the world intelligible and open to the political, social and ethical influence of a much broader segment of society than the current group of programmers and their paymasters who have so far been the only ones running the show. For if we do not assert such influence and algorithms continue to structure more and more of our relationship with the world and each other, them algorithmization and democracy would seem to be on a collision course. Or, as Taylor Owen pointed out in a recent issue of Foreign Affairs:\nIf algorithms represent a new ungoverned space, a hidden and potentially ever-evolving unknowable public good, then they are an affront to our democratic system, one that requires transparency and accountability in order to function. A node of power that exists outside of these bounds is a threat to the notion of collective governance itself. This, at its core, is a profoundly undemocratic notion—one that states will have to engage with seriously if they are going to remain relevant and legitimate to their digital citizenry who give them their power.\nPasquale has given us an excellent start to answering the question of how democracy, and freedom, can survive in the age of algorithms.\n2 Comments Posted in Dystopia Tagged Algorithms and freedom, Can software be regulated?, Charlie Chaplin Modern Times, Frank Pasquale, Hannah Arendt Bureaucracy, Kafka Bureaucracy, Philosophy, Politics, Privacy and surveillance, Taylor Owen The Violence of Algorithms, Technology, The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information\nTruth and Prediction in the Dataclysm\nLast time I looked at the state of online dating. Among the figures was mentioned was Christian Rudder, one of the founders of the dating site OkCupid and the author of a book on big data called Dataclysm: Who We Are When We Think No One’s Looking that somehow manages to be both laugh-out-loud funny and deeply disturbing at the same time.\nRudder is famous, or infamous depending on your view of the matter, for having written a piece about his site with the provocative title: We experiment on human beings!. There he wrote:\nWe noticed recently that people didn’t like it when Facebook “experimented” with their news feed. Even the FTC is getting involved. But guess what, everybody: if you use the Internet, you’re the subject of hundreds of experiments at any given time, on every site. That’s how websites work.\nThat statement might set the blood of some boiling, but my own negative reaction to it is somewhat tempered by the fact that Rudder’s willingness to run his experiments on his sites users originates, it seems, not in any conscious effort to be more successful at manipulating them, but as a way to quantify our ignorance. Or, as he puts it in the piece linked to above:\nI’m the first to admit it: we might be popular, we might create a lot of great relationships, we might blah blah blah. But OkCupid doesn’t really know what it’s doing. Neither does any other website. It’s not like people have been building these things for very long, or you can go look up a blueprint or something. Most ideas are bad. Even good ideas could be better. Experiments are how you sort all this out.\nRudder eventually turned his experiments on the data of OkCupid’s users into his book Dataclysm which displays the same kind of brutal honesty and acknowledgement of the limits of our knowledge. What he is trying to do is make sense of the deluge of data now inundating us. The only way we have found to do this is to create sophisticated algorithms that allow us to discern patterns in the flood. The problem with using algorithms to try and organize human interactions (which have themselves now become points of data) is that their users are often reduced into the version of what being a human beings is that have been embedded by the algorithm’s programmers. Rudder, is well aware and completely upfront about these limitations and refuses to make any special claims about algorithmic wisdom compared to the normal human sort. As he puts it in Dataclysm:\nThat said, all websites, and indeed all data scientists objectify. Algorithms don’t work well with things that aren’t numbers, so when you want a computer to understand an idea, you have to convert as much of it as you can into digits. The challenge facing sites and apps is thus to chop and jam the continuum of the of human experience into little buckets 1, 2, 3, without anyone noticing: to divide some vast, ineffable process- for Facebook, friendship, for Reddit, community, for dating sites, love- into a pieces a server can handle. (13)\nAt the same time, Rudder appears to see the data collected on sites such as OkCupid as a sort of mirror, reflecting back to us in ways we have never had available before the real truth about ourselves laid bare of the social conventions and politeness that tend to obscure the way we truly feel. And what Rudder finds in this data is not a reflection of the inner beauty of humanity one might hope for, but something more like the mirror out of A Picture of Dorian Grey.\nAs an example take what Rudder calls” Wooderson’s Law” after the character from Dazed and Confused who said in the film “That’s what I love about these high school girl, I get older while they stay the same age”. What Rudder has found is that heterosexual male attraction to females peaks when those women are in their early 20’s and thereafter precipitously falls. On OkCupid at least, women in their 30’s and 40’s are effectively invisible when competing against women in their 20’s for male sexual attraction. Fortunately for heterosexual men, women are more realistic in their expectations and tend to report the strongest attraction to men roughly their own age, until sometime in men’s 40’s where males attractiveness also falls off a cliff… gulp.\nAnother finding from Rudder’s work is not just that looks rule, but just how absolutely they rule. In his aforementioned piece, Rudder lays out that the vast majority of users essentially equate personality with looks. A particularly stunning women can find herself with a 99% personality rating even if she has not one word in her profile.\nThese are perhaps somewhat banal and even obvious discoveries about human nature Rudder has been able to mine from OkCupid’s data, and to my mind at least, are less disturbing than the deep seated racial bias he finds there as well. Again, at least among OkCupid’s users, dating preferences are heavily skewed against black men and women. Not just whites it seems, but all other racial groups- Asians, Hispanics would apparently prefer to date someone from a race other than African- disheartening for the 21st century.\nRudder looks at other dark manifestations of our collective self than those found in OkCupid data as well. Try using Google search as one would play the game Taboo. The search suggestions that pop up in the Google search bar, after all, are compiled on the basis of Google user’s most popular searches and thus provide a kind of gauge on what 1.17 billion human beings are thinking. Try these some of which Rudder plays himself:\n“why do women?”\n“why do men?”\n“why do white people?”\n“why do black people?”\n“why do Asians?”\n“why do Muslims?”\nThe exercise gives a whole new meaning to Nietzsche’s observation that “When you stare into the abyss, the abyss stares back”.\nRudder also looks at the ability of social media to engender mobs. Take this case from Twitter in 2014. On New Years Eve of that year a young woman tweeted:\n“This beautiful earth is now 2014 years old, amazing.”\nHer strength obviously wasn’t science in school, but what should have just led to collective giggles, or perhaps a polite correction regarding terrestrial chronology, ballooned into a storm of tweets like this:\n“Kill yourself you stupid motherfucker”. (139)\nAs a recent study has pointed out the emotion second most likely to go viral is rage, we can count ourselves very lucky the emotion most likely to go viral is awe.\nThen there’s the question of the structure of the whole thing. Like Jaron Lanier, Rudder is struck by the degree to which the seemingly democratized architecture of the Internet appears to consistently manifest the opposite and reveal itself as following Zipf’s Law, which Rudder concisely reduces to:\nrank x number = constant (160)\nBoth the economy and the society in the Internet age are dominated by “superstars”, companies (such as Google and FaceBook that so far outstrip their rivals in search or social media that they might be called monopolies), along with celebrities, musical artist, authors. Zipf’s Law also seems to apply to dating sites where a few profiles dominate the class of those viewed by potential partners. In the environment of a networked society where invisibility is the common fate of almost all of us and success often hinges on increasing our own visibility we are forced to turn ourselves towards “personal branding” and obsession over “Klout scores”. It’s not a new problem, but I wonder how much all this effort at garnering attention is stealing time from the effort at actual work that makes that attention worthwhile and long lasting.\nRudder is uncomfortable with all this algorithmization while at the same time accepting its inevitability. He writes of the project:\nReduction is inescapable. Algorithms are crude. Computers are machines. Data science is trying to make sense of an analog world. It’s a by-product of the basic physical nature of the micro-chip: a chip is just a sequence of tiny gates.\nFrom that microscopic reality an absolutism propagates up through the whole enterprise, until at the highest level you have the definitions, data types and classes essential to programming languages like C and JavaScript. (217-218)\nThing is, for all his humility at the effectiveness of big data so far, or his admittedly limited ability to draw solid conclusions from the data of OkCupid, he seems to place undue trust in the ability of large corporations and the security state to succeed at the same project. Much deeper data mining and superior analytics, he thinks, separate his efforts from those of the really big boys. Rudder writes:\nAnalytics has in many ways surpassed the information itself as the real lever to pry. Cookies in your web browser and guys hacking for your credit card numbers get most of the press and are certainly the most acutely annoying of the data collectors. But they’ve taken hold of a small fraction of your life and for that they’ve had to put in all kinds of work. (227)\nHe compares them to Mike Myer’s Dr. Evil holding the world hostage “for one million dollars”\n… while the billions fly to the real masterminds, like Axicom. These corporate data marketers, with reach into bank and credit card records, retail histories, and government fillings like tax accounts, know stuff about human behavior that no academic researcher searching for patterns on some website ever could. Meanwhile the resources and expertise the national security apparatus brings to bear makes enterprise-level data mining look like Minesweeper (227)\nYet do we really know this faith in big data isn’t an illusion? What discernable effects that are clearly traceable to the juggernauts of big data ,such as Axicom, on the overall economy or even consumer behavior? For us to believe in the power of data shouldn’t someone have to show us the data that it works and not just the promise that it will transform the economy once it has achieved maximum penetration?\nOn that same score, what degree of faith should we put in the powers of big data when it comes to security? As far as I am aware no evidence has been produced that mass surveillance has prevented attacks- it didn’t stop the Charlie Hebo killers. Just as importantly, it seemingly hasn’t prevented our public officials from being caught flat footed and flabbergasted in the face of international events such as the revolution in Egypt or the war in Ukraine. And these later big events would seem to be precisely the kinds of predictions big data should find relatively easy- monitoring broad public sentiment as expressed through social media and across telecommunications networks and marrying that with inside knowledge of the machinations of the major political players at the storm center of events.\nOn this point of not yet mastering the art of being able to anticipate the future despite the mountains of data it was collecting, Anne Neuberger, Special Assistant to the NSA Director, gave a fascinating talk over at the Long Now Foundation in August last year. During a sometimes intense q&a she had this exchange with one of the moderators, Stanford professor, Paul Saffo:\nSaffo: With big data as a friend likes to say “perhaps the data haystack that the intelligence community has created has grown too big to ever find the needle in.”\nNeuberger : I think one of the reasons we talked about our desire to work with big data peers on analytics is because we certainly feel that we can glean far more value from the data that we have and potentially collect less data if we have a deeper understanding of how to better bring that together to develop more insights.\nIt’s a strange admission from a spokesperson from the nation’s premier cyber-intelligence agency that for their surveillance model to work they have to learn from the analytics of private sector big data companies whose models themselves are far from having proven their effectiveness.\nPerhaps then, Rudder should have extended his skepticism beyond the world of dating websites. For me, I’ll only know big data in the security sphere works when our politicians, Noah like, seem unusually well prepared for a major crisis that the rest of us data poor chumps didn’t also see a mile away, and coming.\n2 Comments Posted in Dystopia Tagged Algorithmization, Analytics, Anne Neuberger Paul Saffo Long Now Interview, Big Data, Christian Rudder, Dataclysm: Who We Are When We Think No One's Looking review, NSA, OkCupid, Online Dating, Politics, Science, Technology, Wooderson’s Law","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1074140"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7018723487854004,"wiki_prob":0.7018723487854004,"text":"Front Page, Industry News\nUK films take lowest share of global box office since 2009\nMonday March 24th 2014\nThis year’s Oscars may have been awash with British accents, thanks to the dominance of Gravity and 12 Years a Slave’s best picture win. But the UK’s share of the 2013 global box office actually fell to its lowest levels in four years, according to new figures released by the British Film Institute.\nFilms produced in (though not by) the UK accounted for 11.4% of the global box office last year, the lowest since 2009. The BFI calculates that the £2.5bn ($4.1bn) combined take is over a billion dollars down on the 2012 figure of £3.2bn ($5.3bn) – which represented a 15.3% share.\nAs the controversy over the Gravity’s win of the best British film Bafta over Slave (which wasn’t eligible) demonstrated, the British credentials of films can be confusing. The vast majority of what the BFI class as UK films are either wholly or partly US backed, but showcase UK settings, cast and crew. Such films accounted for 9.8% of the global box office this year, compared to just 1.6% for independent British films.\nTop three films produced in the UK\n1) Fast and Furious 6 – £478m ($789m)\n2) Gravity – £428m ($708m)\n3) Thor: The Dark World – £388m ($641m)\nTop three films produced by the UK\n1) Red 2 – £90m ($148m)\n2) Rush – £55m ($90m)\n3) Philomena – £54m ($89m)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line77874"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9262983798980713,"wiki_prob":0.9262983798980713,"text":"Share this Story: The U of R Rams' Aaron Picton is now a Rider\nThe U of R Rams' Aaron Picton is now a Rider\nThe Saskatchewan Roughriders may have traded for Aaron Picton on Tuesday, but they made Al Picton's day.\nThe Roughriders acquired the rights to University of Regina Rams offensive lineman Aaron Picton from the Calgary Stampeders on Tuesday. Photo by Bryan Schlosser /Regina Leader-Post\n\"My grandpa is a huge fan - he has had season tickets for years - so I think he may be the most happy,\" Aaron Picton, an offensive lineman, said with a grin before his University of Regina Rams practised at U of R Field.\nThe U of R Rams' Aaron Picton is now a Rider Back to video\n\"(The trade) was definitely a surprise. Of course, it's very exciting getting to stay home and play for the team that I grew up watching. I've been to their games for years.\"\nThe Roughriders acquired the CFL rights to Picton from the Calgary Stampeders for import offensive lineman Randy Richards. Richards, 24, dressed for two regular-season games this season. He may be best known for the high hit he put on Calgary returner Tim Brown in a game Aug. 22 - a hit for which Richards was ejected and later fined.\nThe Stampeders selected Picton in the sixth round (53rd overall) of the 2015 CFL draft and took the 23-yearold to training camp. After the 6-foot-4, 295-pounder was released, he returned to the Rams for his fifth and final season of CIS eligibility.\nOn Tuesday, Picton admitted he didn't picture himself playing for the Roughriders when he was sitting in the stands watching their games.\n\"It was a goal of mine just to get a chance in the CFL and that was something I was working toward,\" he said. \"Playing for the Riders is something that's in the back of your mind - 'That'd be pretty cool' - but throughout my university experience, it never really mattered to me.\n\"Now that I'm here, it's sweet. It's definitely something\nthat will hopefully be enjoyable for me in the future.\"\nPicton can play centre, guard or tackle and Rams head coach Mike Gibson - a former offensive line coach in the CFL - said that versatility makes Picton attractive to pro teams.\nGibson believes Picton needs to get stronger in his lower body if he's to make it in the CFL. But his experience in Calgary this summer will give him some idea of what's coming when he goes to camp with the Roughriders.\n\"I'm pretty close with those guys in Calgary, so I talked to them when he was out there and when he left,\" Gibson said. \"They liked a lot of the things he did and thought he had a real chance. He just needed to continue to grow into his body.\n\"That was his first pro camp, so he knows what to expect now.\"\nThe experience in Calgary gave Picton a good handle on what he needs to do to survive in the CFL.\n\"I think when I get on the football field I'm a pretty decent player, but there are a lot of aspects off the field I could get better at, like getting stronger and more lean,\" he said.\n\"The off-season will really benefit me and hopefully I can go (to camp) and show them what I can do.\"\nEXTRAS: On Tuesday, Roughriders linebacker Macho Harris was named the CFL's top performer for Week 14. Harris had five tackles and tied a team record with three interceptions - one of which he returned 50 yards for a touchdown - in Sunday's 33-21 victory over the Montreal Alouettes ... The Roughriders have added import receiver LaQuan Williams to the practice roster. The 6-foot-0, 195-pound product of Maryland had NFL stints with the Baltimore Ravens and New England Patriots over the past five seasons ... The Riders announced they had released import tailback Steven Miller and Canadian receiver Matt Norzil. Miller played in three games this season, recording 16 kickoff returns for 310 yards, 13 punt returns for 84 yards, 12 carries for 63 yards and four receptions for 35 yards.\nihamilton@leaderpost.com twitter.com/IanHamiltonLP","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line978757"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7118865251541138,"wiki_prob":0.28811347484588623,"text":"Homefp\nWhat Working At A Call Center Taught Me\nDuring the initial years of my university life, I was volunteering part-time at a call center to gather local exposure in the hopes of bolstering my CV and building connections. I was in my first year, and without prior experience or a concrete qualification, the idea of working over the phone seemed more lucrative than anything else. The pay wasn’t great, and as I progressed, I realized I was hardly ever going to get paid anything substantial. Most of these jobs require one to close deals.\nIf you happen to work for a telemarketing firm, the number of times you manage to sell a particular product will determine your weekly and, in most cases, monthly wages. There is a basic salary that the company assigns each salesperson, but eventually, if they fail to meet their targets, less than a quarter of that amount usually gets paid to the employee.\nOver the last couple of months, I have received hundreds of emails from various professionals. But most can be classified in one of two categories. The first category consists of people who are simply trying to promote their product: be it a physical commodity, their YouTube Channel, or anything self-promotional. The other consists of people who ask for a referral with regards to a job.\nIfI was to give my verdict regarding the former category, I can testify that regardless of one’s choice, such individuals often sell or promote products that they themselves would never purchase simply to make ends meet. But this notion of working for pennies and cut-throat bosses empowers these individuals with a unique skill. The power to negotiate. You see, for the most part, I used to be an introvert. I would rarely go to any sort of gathering or event that involves masses of people.\nBut what I realized was that it is the people that I tried avoiding the most that had the power to change my destiny.\nThe conversations were not meant to be personal, but professional. However, every single deal I closed had a “personal touch”. People will buy your idea, only if they can relate to you in some form or another and that is where the “personal” touch comes into play.\nIf you are solely focusing on “selling yourself” most people won’t even bother knowing the minute details.\nMost top-level sales executives appear to be inhuman to their subordinates, but when it comes to a client, their tone drastically changes to one solely focussed on “society’s wellbeing”.\nLearning to negotiate and making the person on the other side of the conversation hear you out completely, is what can make or break a deal. The same deal which could fetch you a “handsome daily wage” if you happen to do things right.\nAs for the latter, the current COVID-19 situation has caused most employees around the world to be terminated abruptly. As the economy worsens, random messages from strangers on LinkedIn is going to become the norm for most of us.\nImage: benedettocristofani.net\nWhat do you do when you get a message from someone desperately seeking a job to make ends meet?\nPreviously, I wouldn’t necessarily pitch in a word for anyone I hadn’t interacted with, simply because I was unsure of what the person was actually like. My referees are mostly in the upper echelon, with little to no sympathy for outsiders, and I was afraid if I kept pitching in every single person who had approached me ever, they would simply stop taking my word seriously. But the current landscape of things made me reconsider my approach. I tried pitching in a word for every single person I met.\nWhen I spoke to such candidates, I made sure to break down my jargon into simple terms and not confuse them with industry nomenclature. The key was to reply in a way that would be helpful.\nMost messages are along the lines of “I have been out of work for three months and I am losing all hope and my sanity. I have a wife and two kids who are depending on me and I don’t know what to do”.\nWhat I had come to realize from all these conversations was that ‘a glimmer of hope is all one needs to make it to the next day’.\nEven if you are not in a position to refer or employ someone, refer some books or other technical manuals that might help them upgrade their skills for their next role. Keep them mentally motivated until they find a role. Follow up once in a while as you would do with your sales clients.\nViktor Frankl, one of the great psychiatrists of the twentieth century, survived the death camps of Nazi Germany. His little book, Man’s Search for Meaning, is one of those life-changing books that everyone should read.\nIn the book, Frankl mentions the story of a woman who called him in the middle of the night to calmly inform him she was about to commit suicide. Frankl kept her on the phone and talked her through her depression, giving her reason after reason to carry on living. Finally, she promised she would not take her life, and she kept her word.\nWhen they later met, Frankl asked which reason had persuaded her to live?\n“None of them”, she told him.\n“What then influenced her to go on living, he pressed.\nHer answer was simple, it was Frankl’s ‘willingness to listen’ to her in the middle of the night.\nA world in which there was someone ready to listen to another’s pain seemed to her a world in which it was worthwhile to live. Often, it is not a brilliant argument that makes a difference. Sometimes the small act of listening is the greatest gift we can give”.\nThe fact of the matter is no one likes on the receiving end of a cold call or cold e-mail. But we ought to remember that there was a point in time when we all were in a similar spot. The hardest part you deal with when looking for a job is not losing belief in yourself.\nIf you happen to be working at a call center now, I can promise you things will get better, and you will come out of this whole thing as a better negotiator and more importantly a stronger human being.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line817501"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7427209615707397,"wiki_prob":0.7427209615707397,"text":"THE YEAR THE CLOUD FELL\nby Kurt R.A. Giambastiani\n341pp/$6.99/March 2001\nKurt R.A. Giambastiani has created a world in which the Cheyenne Indians have managed to maintain a strong nation in the face of President George Custer’s anti-Indian administration in the 1880s. The novel focuses on Custer’s son, George Custer, Jr., who is taken captive in May, 1886 after the dirigible he is piloting crashes in Cheyenne Territory.\nGiambastiani is most interested in the political situation which has arisen between his version of the United States and the Cheyenne Alliance. As the US prepares to go to war against the Cheyenne, the Indians use the presence of George, Jr. to work out a way to end the continual strife between the \"Horse Nations\" of the United States and themselves.\nGiambastiani has introduced numerous changes to his world. Physically, the Gulf of Mexico extends far to the north and Florida is missing. Ecologically, dinosaurs still live in the Great Plains, and politically, many of the European nations maintain a presence in North America in the 1880s. While his changes are intriguing, he does not explain how they all work together. Why are the Indians, dinosaurs, and Gulf of Natchez such as small influence on the political history of the United States. A presumed lack of a California Gold Rush, at least one which kept people within the United States, should have had some effect on the world of 1886.\nThe characters who populate the world of The Year the Cloud Fell never really connect with each other. They aren’t quite caricatures, nor are they archetypes, although the potential for either appears in most characters. George Junior’s relationship with Storm Arriving, one of his captors, seems less natural and more like a necessity to allow Giambastiani to advance the plot and explain the Cheyenne world to the reader. Other relationships appear just as contrived, particularly Storm Arriving’s relationship with the Cheyenne visionary Speaks While Leaving, who foresaw George’s crash and subsequent capture.\nUnfortunately, while many of the ideas Giambastiani works with are interesting, he seems too intent on tossing in every possible idea, thereby creating a stew which has a variety of disparate flavors which do not manage to coalesce into a complementary meal. Had Giambastiani elected to focus on one or two of these ideas, whether in the realm of natural history, politics or science, the novel would have been tighter and more enjoyable.\nGiambastiani has announced a sequel to The Year the Cloud Fell. With luck, he'll be able to further develop his characters and their relationships while focusing on fewer items to give it a more cohesive feel.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1693057"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5121140480041504,"wiki_prob":0.5121140480041504,"text":"World Experts To Convene Conference On Sexual Violence As International Crime\nwww.americanbarfoundation.org\nLuis Moreno Ocampo, International Criminal Court Prosecutor, and Navanethem\nPillay, U. N. High Commissioner for Human Rights, will keynote Hague conference\nCHICAGO, IL -June 2, 2009 – The Center on Law and Globalization will convene an international conference, Sexual Violence as International Crime: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Evidence, June 16-18, The Hague, the Netherlands. The conference will be co-hosted by Center co-director John Hagan, PhD, recipient of the 2009 Stockholm Prize in Criminology, co-director Charlotte Ku, PhD, University of Illinois College of Law, in cooperation with the Grotius Center for International Legal Studies, Leiden University Campus/The Hague and The International Victimology Institute, Tilburg (INTERVICT), Tilburg University. The conference will bring together world experts on international law, global health, and social science and human rights to focus on innovations and challenges of empirical and other evidence for the prosecution of cases of sexual violence. Conference topics will include the development of evidence in relation to charges ranging from sexual slavery to crimes against humanity and genocide, procedural differences involved in prosecuting sexual victimization in domestic versus international courts, and the development of new social scientific, archival and medical data collection techniques to assist in the prosecution of these crimes.\nHagan, who is also a research professor at the American Bar Foundation and the John D. MacArthur Professor of Sociology and Law at Northwestern University, will receive the 2009 Stockholm Prize in Criminology one week later on June 23, 2009, for his work on the causes and prevention of genocide in the Darfur region of Sudan and in the Balkans. Hagan’s empirical research places the crime of mass rape in the examination of genocide and crimes against humanity.\nNew York Times columnist Bob Herbert’s column of May 30, 2009 addresses the crimes of rape in the precise locations at the heart of Hagan’s empirical research, refugee camps in Chad, across the border from Sudan. To access a two-part video interview of Hagan on his work on genocide and sexual violence, visit: http://www.youtube.com/user/ABFCOMM.\nWHAT: Sexual Violence as International Crime: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Evidence\nOrganized by the Center on Law and Globalization of the American Bar Foundation and the University of Illinois College of Law, in cooperation with The Grotius Center for International Legal Studies, Leiden University Campus/The Hague and The International Victimology Institute, Tilburg (INTERVICT), Tilburg University\nWHO: John Hagan, PhD, Center on Law and Globalization, American Bar Foundation, and Northwestern University\nKelly Askin, Open Society Justice Initiative\nAnne-Marie de Brouwer, The International Victimology Institute Tilburg (INTERVICT), Tilburg University\nCharlotte Ku, University of Illinois College of Law and Center on Law & Globalization\nTerence Halliday, PhD, Center on Law and Globalization, American Bar Foundation\nCarsten Stahn, Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, Leiden University, The Hague\nChristine Tremblay, Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, Leiden University, The Hague\nLarissa van den Herik, Grotius Centre of International Legal Studies, Leiden University\nKEYNOTE ADDRESSES:\nLuis Moreno Ocampo, Prosecutor, International Criminal Court, The Hague\nNavanethem Pillay, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights\nWHEN: June 16, 2009 3:00pm-5:00pm - Opening Session\nJune 17, 2009 -9:30am -5:00pm - Panels and Working Group Sessions\nJune 18, 2009 9:30am-5:45pm – Working Group Sessions and Closing Addresses\nWHERE: June 16 Opening Session: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA); Bezuidenhoutseweg 67, The Hague. Note: Admission to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is by advance registration only. Passport required for entry.\nJune 17 and 18 Sessions: Aula and breakout rooms, Campus The Hague, Leiden University; Lange Voorhout 44, The Hague\nThe conference will have a distinct policy focus, assessing the role of new kinds of social\nscience evidence for criminal prosecutions. The conference will also seek to document practices that non-lawyers must confront in intervening in conflict situations.\nThe Center on Law and Globalization is a Partnership of the American Bar Foundation and the University of Illinois College of Law. The Center brings together the top legal officials of international organizations, key journalists, and academic experts to understand behavioral and legal dimensions of critical global issues, to stimulate well-informed global policy choices, to advance empirical research on globalization and law and to advance the effective use of the law. To access the Center’s Smart Libraries – clustering the leading scholarship on globalization- visit www.lexglobal.org","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line173849"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.585705041885376,"wiki_prob":0.585705041885376,"text":"Brand Identity Standards\nBrett Boatright\nDirector, Institute Creative Strategy\nBrett.Boatright@comm.gatech.edu\nThe Institute has adopted a refreshed brand visual identity system as of September 2021. The following policy is currently under revision to reflect the updated brand standards available at https://brand.gatech.edu. All expectations for approval routing remain intact during this transition.\nIn the meantime, please direct any questions to Institute Communications via: https://comm.gatech.edu/about/contact.\nThe quality and consistency of Georgia Institute of Technology’s communication is critical to maintaining our reputation as a leading brand in academics and research. Institute Communications worked collaboratively with campus communicators to conduct a redesign of Georgia Tech’s print, digital, and messaging standards. This policy outlines standards for the use of brand elements and trademarks. The adoption of these standards provides a number of key benefits including building awareness of Georgia Tech’s brand and increasing efficiency in the creation of communications and marketing materials that represent Georgia Tech, its colleges, schools, units, and affiliate organizations.\nThis policy exists to facilitate consistency and promote standardized Institute branding across Georgia Tech’s communications. Georgia Tech’s communications are the primary channel for connecting with key constituents including peers, prospective students, parents, legislators, corporate partners, faculty, staff, students, alumni, fans, as well as the general public. A consistent use of the Institute’s brand brings together the efforts of all who constitute the Institute, unifies and strengthens Georgia Tech’s reputation, and distinguishes Georgia Tech from other institutions of higher learning, thereby enhancing its relationships with all constituencies, public and private.\nThis brand identity policy governs the use of all Institute trademarks and brand assets for any purpose and applies to the entire Institute. Specific details of the approved Institute brand are outlined in the Georgia Tech Brand Identity Standards (http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand).\nColleges, schools, departments, and individuals may only use the Institute’s names, logos, and trademarks as permitted by this policy and in accordance with requirements listed on the Georgia Tech Brand Identity Standards website (http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand).\nThe following rules apply to all uses of Institute trademarks and brand assets.\nGeorgia Tech Nomenclature: The consistent use of the Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia Tech name helps build recognition and awareness. When used in external communications, the complete name “Georgia Institute of Technology” should be used upon first mention in copy. Thereafter, “Georgia Tech” may be employed to reference the Institute. Georgia Tech units may not use the acronym “GT” when communicating with outside audiences with the exception of social media applications that have character restrictions, and Athletics. Exceptions to this policy include informal and interoffice correspondence, internal presentations, and other unofficial communication.\nGeorgia Tech Logo and Wordmarks: The Georgia Institute of Technology logo and Georgia Tech logo are key elements of the Institute’s visual identity system, and one or the other must appear on all official Georgia Tech print and digital communications and marketing material. The logos may not be modified in any way or attached to any other typographic or graphic elements. No other logos, symbols, or marks may be used by administrative or academic units to represent the Institute. Individual units may not create their own logo or visual identity.\nUnits are required to use the Georgia Tech wordmark in connection with official Institute business. Colleges, schools, and units may use their respective Georgia Tech wordmark for their unit in connection with official Institute business and in their official web headers.\nGeorgia Tech Seal: The seal is reserved for use by the Office of the President and the Office of Government and Community Relations. Executives whose offices are in the Carnegie building also have permission to use the seal on business cards and stationery only. Programs directly sponsored by the Office of the President, such as the Stamps President’s Scholars program, may also use the seal. No other Georgia Tech units are permitted to use the seal. The seal is also used on official Institute documents, such as certificates and diplomas. To request use of the seal, contact Institute Communications. More information about the use of the seal can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/visual.\nSpirit Marks: Georgia Tech’s spirit marks — including but not limited to Buzz, the Interlocking GT, and the Ramblin’ Wreck — are licensed trademarks that require prior approval for use from Georgia Tech Institute Communications. Georgia Tech’s spirit marks are primarily used by student and alumni groups, and Athletics. More information about the use of spirit marks can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/visual.\nInstitute Words: The following marks are federally registered in the name of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia by and on behalf of the Georgia Institute of Technology. All other names, symbols, initials, colors, images, graphic designs, or other indicia that refer to Georgia Institute of Technology are protected by federal and state laws.\nRamblin’ Wreck\nThe word \"Helluva\" is only to be used for athletics activities, school spirit and related internally-focused/campus communications and should not be used for external marketing.\nInstitute Tagline: Creating the Next® is the official tagline of the Institute. Units should use the official Creating the Next® wordmark when representing the tagline graphically. More information about the Creating the Next tagline can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/visual.\nAthletics taglines can not be used for academic or research activities.\nOfficial Colors: White and gold are key components of Georgia Tech’s visual identity system and are the primary colors available for use by all Georgia Tech units. Consistent use and careful matching of colors are essential in establishing and maintaining a consistent and unified image. Detailed color information can be found in the Georgia Tech Brand Standards. More information about Georgia Tech’s colors can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/colors.\nTrademarks and Licensing: Campus use of trademarks includes items and materials produced and consumed internally by the Institute, its departments, and official campus clubs and organizations. Items and materials that are made available for sale, such as a T-shirt for a fundraiser, must follow the commercial use policies in the next section.\n• Items and materials bearing any of Georgia Tech’s trademarks must be approved, in writing, through Georgia Tech Licensing and Trademarks (http://www.licensing.gatech.edu/).\n• Trademarks must adhere to Georgia Tech’s brand standards and may not be altered in any way without approval, in writing, through Georgia Tech Licensing and Trademarks.\n• Georgia Tech trademarks are not to be used in conjunction with alcohol, tobacco, recreational drugs, gambling products, national flags and symbols, and/or religious programs. Trademarks should not be used in conjunction with the color red.\n• Georgia Tech trademarks are not to be used in conjunction with other brands, names, or trademarks in a way that might appear as an endorsement by the Institute.\n• Designs using Georgia Tech trademarks must be approved prior to printing or manufacturing through Georgia Tech Licensing and Trademarks.\n• All items and materials bearing any Georgia Tech trademarks must be printed, produced, or manufactured by an official licensed vendor. Georgia Tech Licensing and Trademarks has more than 400 approved licensed vendors. Please visit http://www.licensing.gatech.edu/ vendors for a current list of approved licensees.\n• A registered trademark symbol, either ® or TM, is to be used next to every trademarked logo. The symbol should appear near the bottom right of the trademarked logo. It is not necessary to include the symbol following trademarked words appearing in copy text. For example, when writing about Georgia Tech’s mascot, Buzz®, a writer may exclude the ® and simply write Buzz.\nThe Institute’s trademarks are protected by federal law, either by federal trademark registrations or through common law use, and by the State of Georgia through state registrations. The Institute’s trademarks are federally registered in the name of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia by and on behalf of the Georgia Institute of Technology.\nThe Institute has delegated the responsibility for maintaining, managing, licensing, and protecting the Institute’s trademarks to the vice president of Institute Communications.\nThe Georgia Tech licensing manager is the sole authority for granting permission to use any Georgia Tech trademark. For trademark usage permission and questions, contact Georgia Tech Institute Communication’s licensing manager. More information about Georgia Tech’s Licensing and Trademarks can be found at http://www.licensing.gatech.edu./\nInformation about the University System of Georgia policy 6.2 on the Use of Institution Names, Symbols, and Trademarks can be found at https://www.usg.edu/policymanual/section6/C351\nUse of Trademarks\nAs outlined in the University System of Georgia policy 6.2 on the Use of Institution Names, Symbols, and Trademarks the name, logo, or trademark of any University System of Georgia (USG) institution may only be used for products, projects, events, and services officially sponsored by the USG or a USG institution. The name, logo, or trademark of any USG institution shall not be used by an independent business enterprise that is not under the complete control of the USG, excluding approved Cooperative Organizations, to imply an official relationship with the institution or USG.\nBy Faculty, Staff, and Students\nNo individual faculty or staff members, students, or groups may use any Institute trademark, stationery or the official web template header and footer, or refer to his or her affiliation with the Institute, in any manner that suggests or implies Institute support or endorsement of a point of view or personal or political opinion, business, activity, movement, or program that is not official Georgia Tech business. Faculty, staff, and students are required to use an approved licensee to produce any merchandise or apparel with the Georgia Tech name and/or trademarks.\nBy Student Organizations\nAffiliated Georgia Tech student organizations are required to use an approved licensee to produce any merchandise or apparel with the Georgia Tech name and/or trademarks. This includes merchandise used within the organization (staff shirts, pens, etc.), given as gifts, or sold.\nStudent organizations are not allowed to alter trademarks without permission from Licensing and Trademarks.\nBy Persons and/or Entities Outside the Institute\nInstitute trademarks may be used by persons or entities outside the Institute only pursuant to a license, memorandum of understanding, or sponsorship agreement stating the terms and conditions of such use. Persons or entities outside of Georgia Tech are required to use an approved licensee to produce any merchandise or apparel with the Georgia Tech name and/or trademarks.\nProhibited Uses of Institute Trademarks\nNeither the name of the Institute nor any Institute trademark, including Institute colors, may be used in any way that gives a false impression, is misleading, or could cause confusion regarding the Institute’s relationship with any person or entity. Statements that the Institute is a user or purchaser of a product or program are permitted if true. Statements that imply the endorsement of a product, service, or event are prohibited by state law.\nGeneral Prohibition\nNeither the name of the Institute nor any Institute trademark may be used in connection with any person, entity, product, or service if the association could adversely affect the Institute’s image or standing, or would for any other reason be inappropriate for a state agency or public research Institute. Such proscribed uses include, but are not limited to, the use of Institute trademarks in connection with alcoholic beverages, cigarettes or other tobacco products, sexually oriented products or services, religious products, political parties or organizations, gaming or gambling products, and firearms.\nUse of Non-Georgia Tech Logos\nThe use of non-Georgia Tech logos on official Georgia Tech digital and print communications and marketing requires prior approval from Institute Communications. Lists acknowledging use, sponsorship, or donor gratitude are permissible.\nUnder no circumstances, through word or display, may any Georgia Tech unit imply endorsement of a product or company. The unit may state what the company does but may not include any measure of quality, performance, improvement, enhancement, or endorsement.\nSponsorships, Partnerships and Co-branding\nUsing a corporate logo to acknowledge a donor, sponsor, joint venture, partnership, or in co-branding arrangements is allowed with some important restrictions, but should not be used routinely. NOTE: For a joint venture or partnership, a written agreement of partnership should exist and must have been approved by the Georgia Tech Office of Legal Affairs.\nIn the case of a contract that calls for the display of a corporate logo on a Georgia Tech website, specific approval of the contract must be obtained from Georgia Tech’s Office of Legal Affairs. Legal Affairs must review and approve all contracts. Should Georgia Tech’s Office of Legal Affairs approve such contract language, then displaying corporate logos under an approved contract is allowed.\nNon-Georgia Tech logos, when used, must be preceded by this statement: “The following companies support this program” or something similar, followed by, “The listing of corporate logos on this site does not constitute an endorsement by Georgia Tech.” All variations of this language must be reviewed and approved by Institute Communications prior to publishing.\nGeorgia Tech websites hosted on Georgia Tech web servers or cloud service(s) centrally managed by or on behalf of Georgia Tech must comply with the standards outlined in the website standards (http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/websites). This includes the colleges, schools, and administrative and research units.\nExceptions to the web standards include:\nStudent, faculty, and staff personal pages, course management pages, intranets and internal sites (defined as sites requiring a restricted-access login), web applications that are open- or closed-sourced and cannot be easily modified, and student organizations and academic research labs and centers that are not part of an IRI or IRC and are not funded through the Office of the Executive Vice President for Research.\nAny sites that exist to communicate the work of a consortium or other multi-party organization of which Georgia Tech is a part, but which is not an affiliated Georgia Tech organization.\nSites that are being redesigned are required to meet the Georgia Tech web standards (http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/websites). Legacy sites will be updated as time and resources allow. Institute Communications will provide official font, color, and header and footer Drupal templates to campus. Web standards will be reviewed by Institute Communications in collaboration with campus periodically to determine when updates are needed.\nUnits that are creating new sites or redesigning existing sites are encouraged to work with their respective Institute Communications consultant to coordinate their efforts. To find your unit’s communications consultant, go to http://www.comm.gatech.edu/account-management.\nWhile units of Georgia Tech are free to develop or modify the content of their own communications, Institute Communications is responsible for ensuring adherence to the standards in this policy and for maintenance and upkeep of the Institute’s brand communication standards.\nIn the instance of non-compliance, Institute Communications will make reasonable efforts to contact the unit’s communications manager and/or the individual responsible for creating and maintaining the content. Institute Communications will work with the unit to establish a schedule for compliance. More information about Georgia Tech’s web standards can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/websites.\n​The internet domain name assigned to the Georgia Institute of Technology is gatech.edu. The Institute recognizes gatech.edu as its official domain name. The name gatech.edu is legally registered to the Institute and, like other marks of the institution, is subject to the Institute’s use, policies, and guidelines.\nIn order to create a cohesive web identity and to ensure the integrity of the Institute’s commitment to a unified web presence, the Institute has established the following standards with respect to domain names.\nAll websites that are funded and/or sponsored by the Institute are required to have a gatech.edu-based web address. This includes all websites for academic, administrative, student-sponsored, and/or other organizational units within the Institute. This also includes personal websites that are hosted by the Institute.\nUnless otherwise permitted by Institute Communications, Institute funds may not be used to purchase or maintain non-gatech.edu domain names\nOrganizational units within the Institute do not have the authority to register internet domain names on behalf of the Institute or their respective organizational unit. The Office of Institute Communications is the official institutional contact for domain names on behalf of Georgia Tech. The Office of Information Technology is the official registrant of Institute domain names.\nGeorgia Tech’s domain name criteria are outlined at: (http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/websites/domain_names)\nRequesting a Third-Level Domain Name\n​To request a third-level domain name (www.xxxxx.gatech.edu), contact the Office of Institute Communications. This office is responsible for approving/disapproving requests.\nTo appeal a denial of a www.xxxxx.gatech.edu domain name, submit additional written information or clarification in support of the request to the appropriate Institute Communications consultant (www.comm.gatech.edu/account-management) and request a review\nDomain Name Exceptions\nThe Institute may consider granting an exception to the domain name requirement in these cases:\nExternal organizations that have been approved to be hosted by the Institute are permitted to have non-www.xxxxx.gatech.edu domain names if they are not wholly owned or controlled by the Institute. Examples of this exception include non-Georgia Tech organizations, professional affiliations, consortia, and cooperatives in which Georgia Tech is a member institution.\nOn a case-by-case basis and in unique circumstances, the Institute may grant an exception to the above requirements. Such requests must be reviewed by the Office of Institute Communications. Requests for an exception must establish that a non-www.xxxxx.gatech.edu domain name is necessary as part of the normal web operations of the organizational unit.\nPublications: Georgia Tech’s print and digital communications offer opportunities to build Georgia Tech’s identity. To achieve the greatest effectiveness, communication materials should reflect that they are part of the Georgia Tech visual identity system. Official Georgia Tech publication templates are available for download at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/downloads-templates.\nPublication Covers: The front cover of publications for Georgia Tech or a Georgia Tech unit must prominently display the Georgia Tech name. The Georgia Tech logo is the preferred method for identifying the piece. The suggested positions for the Institute logo are the upper left-hand corner or lower right-hand corner. The Georgia Tech logo should be set apart from other graphic elements, and clear space around the logo should be maintained.\nPublication Back Covers: The Georgia Tech logo (or relevant Georgia Tech college, school, or unit) should appear on the back of multipage publications.\nBrand Elements: Georgia Tech trade dress is made up of several key elements including the Georgia Tech wordmark, chevrons, color, fonts, and the Creating the Next® tagline. These elements should appear on all Georgia Tech publications and collateral. These elements are available for download at the Georgia Tech Brand Standards.\nExisting graphics, symbols, or icons unique to individual units within Georgia Tech may not be used as dominant, freestanding components resembling a logo. Other visual elements may be used as secondary elements. They must be subordinate to the Georgia Tech logo.\nModel Releases: All photo or video subjects should sign a model release form prior to filming. The signed release form should be kept on file by the project’s manager, in perpetuity. For large events, general signage indicating that photography will be taken and potentially used in communications should be prominently posted. Model releases can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/photography#release.\nPhoto and Video Archiving: Photography and video taken by staff and freelancers for use in publications and digital media paid for by Georgia Tech is required to be archived in Georgia Tech’s Image Portal photo database. A Georgia Tech account login is required to access this database. The Image Portal database is located at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/photography#download.\nVideo Brand Standards: When producing digital content for Georgia Tech external websites or audiences, it is important to maintain an experience that reflects Georgia Tech’s identity. Using Georgia Tech’s branded lower thirds and closing slides is required for public-facing video. These file requirements and branding guides apply to all digital content produced by Georgia Tech communicators and outside vendors. More about Georgia Tech’s video branding can be found at http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand/video/style-guide.\nStationery: The use of official Institute letterhead and business cards is required in all matters of official Institute business. Official Georgia Tech stationery is provided through Printing and Copying Services (PCS). More information about Printing and Copying Services can be found at https://www.oit.gatech.edu/service-item/custom-printing.\nSee the following link for brand standards: http://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand\n5.1 Web Standard Compliance\nCommunications that are being redesigned are required to meet the brand standards. Legacy communications will be updated as time and resources allow.\n5.2 Official Header and Footer\nInstitute Communications will be the official source of policy and information regarding the correct use of Institute brand standards including logo, colors, fonts, design style, and use of visuals in a range of applications.\nhttp://www.comm.gatech.edu/brand\nWhat are Georgia Tech’s brand standards?\nWhere can I find the logo, print, web and digital templates?\nWhere can I find information about how to use Georgia Tech’s trademarks?\nWho do I contact regarding trademark and licensing questions? gtlicensing@gatech.edu\nWho do I contact regarding brand and graphic identity questions? gtbrand@gatech.edu\nInstitute Communications is responsible for the management of Georgia Tech’s trademarks, brand identity, and web standards. Institute Communications is responsible for communicating, interpreting, revising, and enforcing the policy.\nInstitute Communicators\n​Communicators in the colleges, schools, and administrative units are responsible for knowing and understanding this policy and assisting with communicating and interpreting it in their respective areas.\nOffice of Legal Affairs\n​Georgia Tech’s Office of Legal Affairs is responsible for reviewing and acting on memoranda of understanding sponsorship agreements and contracts, and will consult with Institute Communications when such documents include marketing, trademark, or branding considerations.\nWhile units of Georgia Tech are free to develop or modify the content of their own communications, Institute Communications will be responsible for ensuring adherence to the standards in this policy and for maintenance and upkeep of the Institute’s Brand Standards.\nIn case of violations, Institute Communications will make reasonable efforts to contact the unit’s communications manager and/or the individual responsible for creating and maintaining the content. Institute Communications will work with the unit to correct issues and establish a schedule for compliance.\nGeorgia Tech Trademark Policy\nUnit Client Managers\nBoard of Regents Policy 6.2. Use of Institution Names, Symbols, and Trademarks\nJuly 2018 Institute Communications New Policy\n‹ Bicycle and Personal Mobility Devices Use Policy up Campus Alcohol Policy ›\nBicycle and Personal Mobility Devices Use Policy\nCampus Alcohol Policy\nCampus Use\nCatering Providers Policy\nFacility Planning / Plant Operations\nFilming and Photography on Campus\nFreedom of Expression Policy and Campus Use Procedures\nFuel Card Use Policy\nInsurance and Claims Management\nLow Speed Vehicle Policy and Golf Cart Policy\nMandatory Reporting of Child Abuse Policy\nMinors in Laboratories, Hazardous Areas and Animal Facilities\nMotor Vehicle Maintenance Policy\nYouth Programs Policy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line147297"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8576522469520569,"wiki_prob":0.8576522469520569,"text":"Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan\nJordan Health Access Study Team, Lebanon Health Access Study Team\nPurpose The influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan and Lebanon over the last 5 years presents an immense burden to national health systems. This study was undertaken to assess utilization of maternal health services among Syrian refugees in both countries. Description A cross-sectional survey of Syrian refugees living in urban and rural (non-camp) settings was conducted using a two-stage cluster survey design with probability proportional to size sampling in 2014–2015. Eighty-six percent of surveyed households in Lebanon and 88% of surveyed households in Jordan included women with a live birth in the last year. Information from women in this sub-set of households was analyzed to understand antenatal and intrapartum health service utilization. Assessment A majority of respondents reported seeking antenatal care, 82% and 89% in Jordan and Lebanon, respectively. Women had an average of at least six antenatal care visits. Nearly all births (98% in Jordan and 94% in Lebanon) took place in a health facility. Cesarean rates were similar in both countries; approximately one-third of all births were cesarean deliveries. A substantial proportion of women incurred costs for intrapartum care; 33% of Syrian women in Jordan and 94% of Syrian women in Lebanon reported paying out of pocket for their deliveries. The proportion of women incurring costs for intrapartum care was higher in Jordan both countries for women with cesarean deliveries compared to those with vaginal deliveries; however, this difference was not statistically significant in either country (Jordan p-value = 0.203; Lebanon p-value = 0.099). Conclusion Syrian refugees living in Jordan and Lebanon had similar levels of utilization of maternal health services, despite different health systems and humanitarian assistance provisions. As expected, a substantial proportion of households incurred out-of-pocket costs for essential maternal and newborn health services, making cost a major factor in care-seeking decisions and locations. As health financing policies shift to account for the continued burden of refugee hosting on the health system, sustained attention to the availability and quality of essential maternal and newborn health services is needed to protect both refugee and host populations women’s rights to health and health care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.\nhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y\nCesarean\nDive into the research topics of 'Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.\nHealth Care Utilization Social Sciences 100%\nLebanon Medicine & Life Sciences 93%\nJordan Medicine & Life Sciences 88%\nRefugees Medicine & Life Sciences 84%\nPatient Acceptance of Health Care Medicine & Life Sciences 80%\nMaternal Health Medicine & Life Sciences 77%\nrefugee Social Sciences 58%\nMaternal Health Services Medicine & Life Sciences 51%\nJordan Health Access Study Team, & Lebanon Health Access Study Team (2017). Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan. Maternal and child health journal, 21(9), 1798-1807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y\nMaternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan. / Jordan Health Access Study Team; Lebanon Health Access Study Team.\nIn: Maternal and child health journal, Vol. 21, No. 9, 01.09.2017, p. 1798-1807.\nJordan Health Access Study Team & Lebanon Health Access Study Team 2017, 'Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan', Maternal and child health journal, vol. 21, no. 9, pp. 1798-1807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y\nJordan Health Access Study Team, Lebanon Health Access Study Team. Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan. Maternal and child health journal. 2017 Sep 1;21(9):1798-1807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y\nJordan Health Access Study Team ; Lebanon Health Access Study Team. / Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan. In: Maternal and child health journal. 2017 ; Vol. 21, No. 9. pp. 1798-1807.\n@article{4ee7c492dbdb4fabb7a50151a1163c51,\ntitle = \"Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan\",\nabstract = \"Purpose The influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan and Lebanon over the last 5 years presents an immense burden to national health systems. This study was undertaken to assess utilization of maternal health services among Syrian refugees in both countries. Description A cross-sectional survey of Syrian refugees living in urban and rural (non-camp) settings was conducted using a two-stage cluster survey design with probability proportional to size sampling in 2014–2015. Eighty-six percent of surveyed households in Lebanon and 88% of surveyed households in Jordan included women with a live birth in the last year. Information from women in this sub-set of households was analyzed to understand antenatal and intrapartum health service utilization. Assessment A majority of respondents reported seeking antenatal care, 82% and 89% in Jordan and Lebanon, respectively. Women had an average of at least six antenatal care visits. Nearly all births (98% in Jordan and 94% in Lebanon) took place in a health facility. Cesarean rates were similar in both countries; approximately one-third of all births were cesarean deliveries. A substantial proportion of women incurred costs for intrapartum care; 33% of Syrian women in Jordan and 94% of Syrian women in Lebanon reported paying out of pocket for their deliveries. The proportion of women incurring costs for intrapartum care was higher in Jordan both countries for women with cesarean deliveries compared to those with vaginal deliveries; however, this difference was not statistically significant in either country (Jordan p-value = 0.203; Lebanon p-value = 0.099). Conclusion Syrian refugees living in Jordan and Lebanon had similar levels of utilization of maternal health services, despite different health systems and humanitarian assistance provisions. As expected, a substantial proportion of households incurred out-of-pocket costs for essential maternal and newborn health services, making cost a major factor in care-seeking decisions and locations. As health financing policies shift to account for the continued burden of refugee hosting on the health system, sustained attention to the availability and quality of essential maternal and newborn health services is needed to protect both refugee and host populations women{\\textquoteright}s rights to health and health care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.\",\nkeywords = \"Antenatal care, Cesarean, Humanitarian assistance, Intrapartum care, Jordan, Lebanon, Maternal health, Refugee, Syria\",\nauthor = \"{Jordan Health Access Study Team} and {Lebanon Health Access Study Team} and Hannah Tappis and Emily Lyles and Ann Burton and Arwa Oweis and Zaheya, {Laila Akhu} and Timothy Roberton and Gilbert Burnham and William Weiss and Baptiste Hanquart and Lara Chela and Nour Aridi and Nour Kassab and Aline Keyrouz and Deena Al-Shatti and {de La Roche}, Francois and Michael Woodman and Shannon Doocy\",\nnote = \"Funding Information: The Jordan study was funded by the World Health Organization and the Lebanon study was funded by the European Commission Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department. Publisher Copyright: {\\textcopyright} 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.\",\ndoi = \"10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y\",\nT1 - Maternal Health Care Utilization Among Syrian Refugees in Lebanon and Jordan\nAU - Jordan Health Access Study Team\nAU - Lebanon Health Access Study Team\nAU - Tappis, Hannah\nAU - Lyles, Emily\nAU - Burton, Ann\nAU - Oweis, Arwa\nAU - Zaheya, Laila Akhu\nAU - Roberton, Timothy\nAU - Burnham, Gilbert\nAU - Weiss, William\nAU - Hanquart, Baptiste\nAU - Chela, Lara\nAU - Aridi, Nour\nAU - Kassab, Nour\nAU - Keyrouz, Aline\nAU - Al-Shatti, Deena\nAU - de La Roche, Francois\nAU - Woodman, Michael\nAU - Doocy, Shannon\nN1 - Funding Information: The Jordan study was funded by the World Health Organization and the Lebanon study was funded by the European Commission Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department. Publisher Copyright: © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.\nN2 - Purpose The influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan and Lebanon over the last 5 years presents an immense burden to national health systems. This study was undertaken to assess utilization of maternal health services among Syrian refugees in both countries. Description A cross-sectional survey of Syrian refugees living in urban and rural (non-camp) settings was conducted using a two-stage cluster survey design with probability proportional to size sampling in 2014–2015. Eighty-six percent of surveyed households in Lebanon and 88% of surveyed households in Jordan included women with a live birth in the last year. Information from women in this sub-set of households was analyzed to understand antenatal and intrapartum health service utilization. Assessment A majority of respondents reported seeking antenatal care, 82% and 89% in Jordan and Lebanon, respectively. Women had an average of at least six antenatal care visits. Nearly all births (98% in Jordan and 94% in Lebanon) took place in a health facility. Cesarean rates were similar in both countries; approximately one-third of all births were cesarean deliveries. A substantial proportion of women incurred costs for intrapartum care; 33% of Syrian women in Jordan and 94% of Syrian women in Lebanon reported paying out of pocket for their deliveries. The proportion of women incurring costs for intrapartum care was higher in Jordan both countries for women with cesarean deliveries compared to those with vaginal deliveries; however, this difference was not statistically significant in either country (Jordan p-value = 0.203; Lebanon p-value = 0.099). Conclusion Syrian refugees living in Jordan and Lebanon had similar levels of utilization of maternal health services, despite different health systems and humanitarian assistance provisions. As expected, a substantial proportion of households incurred out-of-pocket costs for essential maternal and newborn health services, making cost a major factor in care-seeking decisions and locations. As health financing policies shift to account for the continued burden of refugee hosting on the health system, sustained attention to the availability and quality of essential maternal and newborn health services is needed to protect both refugee and host populations women’s rights to health and health care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.\nAB - Purpose The influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan and Lebanon over the last 5 years presents an immense burden to national health systems. This study was undertaken to assess utilization of maternal health services among Syrian refugees in both countries. Description A cross-sectional survey of Syrian refugees living in urban and rural (non-camp) settings was conducted using a two-stage cluster survey design with probability proportional to size sampling in 2014–2015. Eighty-six percent of surveyed households in Lebanon and 88% of surveyed households in Jordan included women with a live birth in the last year. Information from women in this sub-set of households was analyzed to understand antenatal and intrapartum health service utilization. Assessment A majority of respondents reported seeking antenatal care, 82% and 89% in Jordan and Lebanon, respectively. Women had an average of at least six antenatal care visits. Nearly all births (98% in Jordan and 94% in Lebanon) took place in a health facility. Cesarean rates were similar in both countries; approximately one-third of all births were cesarean deliveries. A substantial proportion of women incurred costs for intrapartum care; 33% of Syrian women in Jordan and 94% of Syrian women in Lebanon reported paying out of pocket for their deliveries. The proportion of women incurring costs for intrapartum care was higher in Jordan both countries for women with cesarean deliveries compared to those with vaginal deliveries; however, this difference was not statistically significant in either country (Jordan p-value = 0.203; Lebanon p-value = 0.099). Conclusion Syrian refugees living in Jordan and Lebanon had similar levels of utilization of maternal health services, despite different health systems and humanitarian assistance provisions. As expected, a substantial proportion of households incurred out-of-pocket costs for essential maternal and newborn health services, making cost a major factor in care-seeking decisions and locations. As health financing policies shift to account for the continued burden of refugee hosting on the health system, sustained attention to the availability and quality of essential maternal and newborn health services is needed to protect both refugee and host populations women’s rights to health and health care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.\nKW - Antenatal care\nKW - Cesarean\nKW - Humanitarian assistance\nKW - Intrapartum care\nKW - Jordan\nKW - Lebanon\nKW - Maternal health\nKW - Refugee\nKW - Syria\nU2 - 10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y\nDO - 10.1007/s10995-017-2315-y","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line554488"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5367292165756226,"wiki_prob":0.46327078342437744,"text":"ATSU CCPA students support Day of the Farm Worker health and resource event\nStudents in A.T. Still University's Central Coast Physician Assistant program in Santa Maria, California, volunteered at the recent Day of the Farm Worker event.\nA.T. Still University (ATSU) launched the Central Coast Physician Assistant (CCPA) program to make a difference in underserved communities across the globe, specifically in the program’s home city of Santa Maria, California, and The Golden State’s entire central coast region.\nIt has been just a bit more than two months since ATSU CCPA opened its doors to the first cohort of students, and those impacts are already being felt. On Dec. 5, more than 30 ATSU students and faculty members volunteered to support the Community Health Centers of the Central Coast’s (CHCs) annual Day of the Farm Worker event. The health and resource fair included medical screenings, COVID-19 and flu vaccinations, healthcare activities, education, and resources, and providers to answer questions.\nThe last such event, held in 2019 (2020 was missed due to the COVID-19 pandemic), provided services to about 300 individuals. This year’s edition, with the influx of ATSU students, addressed healthcare needs of about 500 people.\n“It was really awesome to see our students, because we had one-third of our class show up, be able to take so much of that workload and help wherever they were able,” said Liny Varghese, a first-year ATSU CCPA student. “All of our students were flexible in their roles and we were able to give care to a few hundred more people.”\nSome ATSU CCPA faculty members are also providers at CHCs, and they helped the recently formed Student Government Association get the University involved. Many of the farm workers are Spanish speakers, and ATSU students who speak Spanish filled several roles in assisting with registration and throughout the event where language services were needed. Students also helped providers, assisted with administrative work, delivered health education information to families, and hosted fun activities for children.\n“It was a pretty seamless collaboration, which is really exciting,” Varghese said. “It’s going to be a relationship that will be here for years to come.”\nJohn Butler, a first-year ATSU CCPA student, said the event showed students the great need for healthcare services in the area. Many of the farm workers come to the U.S. on work visas and do backbreaking work in fields across the region.\n“What Liny and I discovered at the event is (the farm workers are) an invisible population to many, many people up here. It’s amazing how much help they need,” Butler said. “This put a face to those individuals and we learned how to serve them. It was really powerful.”\nMuch of Varghese’s childhood was spent following her mother, a nurse, around at a senior care facility. Varghese became interested in community healthcare in underserved populations during trips to India to visit their family.\n“That became so much a part of my psyche and who I am, everything about me,” Varghese said. “It really got me thinking about our underserved populations here in the spaces around us.”\nOriginally from southern Arkansas, Butler has spent most of the last two decades in Los Angeles and worked in the entertainment industry. Looking to change careers, Butler spent time preparing for PA school while working at the Los Angeles LGBT Center, doing HIV and transgender medical care for homeless and underserved populations.\nBoth Varghese and Butler were drawn to ATSU after discovering the University’s mission of service to the underserved.\n“That really resonated with me,” Varghese said. “It’s amazing that within the first few months of our program we’ve already been able to accomplish so much on such a big event. It’s been so fulfilling to see.”\nButler said students were aware of the opportunity to showcase their skills and introduce ATSU to the community in a new way, by putting into practice what they’ve been learning over the past few months. Not all of each cohort’s 100 students will stay in Santa Maria after graduation, but those who do will make a difference in what Butler termed a “medical desert.”\nEither way, having a couple hundred students available to serve at events like Day of the Farm Worker can increase capacity and relieve some of the burden on the area’s providers. Varghese noted patients in the area sometimes wait up to four months before their scheduled appointment with a primary care provider.\nVarghese said in speaking to providers at the clinic, the common refrain for the past few years has been “just wait until the students get here” and the tide would begin to turn.\n“This program brings so much to this community. It brings a lot of hope,” Varghese said.\nATSU Santa Maria\nMaster of Science in Physician Assistant\nHospital Physician\nHealthcare Physician\nHospital Physician Assistant\nPhysician Office Assistant\nHealthcare Physician Assistant\nDecember 17th, 2021 | Jason Hunsicker | Student Headlines","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line245830"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9825390577316284,"wiki_prob":0.9825390577316284,"text":"MELBOURNE, Australia — Novak Djokovic faces deportation again after the Australian government revoked his visa for a second time, the latest twist in the ongoing saga over whether the No. 1-ranked tennis player will be allowed to compete in the Australian Open despite being unvaccinated for COVID-19.\nImmigration Minister Alex Hawke said Friday he used his ministerial discretion to cancel the 34-year-old Serb’s visa on public interest grounds — just three days before play begins at the Australian Open, where Djokovic has won a record nine of his 20 Grand Slam titles.\nDjokovic’s lawyers were expected to appeal at the Federal Circuit and Family Court, which they already successfully did last week on procedural grounds after his visa was first canceled when he landed at a Melbourne airport.\nDeportation from Australia usually leads to a three-year ban on returning to the country. That would make Djokovic 37 the next time he would be allowed to compete at the Australian Open.\nHawke said he canceled the visa on “health and good order grounds, on the basis that it was in the public interest to do so.” His statement added that Prime Minister Scott Morrison’s government “is firmly committed to protecting Australia’s borders, particularly in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.”\nMorrison and Hawke are part of a conservative government which prides itself on being tough on border control.\n“This pandemic has been incredibly difficult for every Australian but we have stuck together and saved lives and livelihoods. … Australians have made many sacrifices during this pandemic, and they rightly expect the result of those sacrifices to be protected,” Morrison said in a statement. “This is what the Minister is doing in taking this action today.”\nEveryone at the Australian Open — including players, their support teams and spectators — is required to be vaccinated for the illness caused by the coronavirus. Djokovic is not inoculated and had sought a medical exemption on the grounds that he had COVID-19 in December.\nThat exemption was approved by the Victoria state government and Tennis Australia, apparently allowing him to obtain a visa to travel. But the Australian Border Force rejected the exemption and canceled his visa when he landed in Melbourne on Jan. 5.\nDjokovic spent four nights in an immigration detention hotel before a judge on Monday overturned that decision. That ruling allowed Djokovic to move freely around Australia and he has been practicing at Melbourne Park to prepare to play in a tournament he has won each of the past three years.\nDjokovic has held practice sessions every day since he was released from detention, posting a photo on social media late Monday of himself with his team on Rod Laver Arena.\nHe had a scheduled mid-afternoon practice booked for Friday on the tournament’s main show court, but switched his times to start and finish early.\nMedia started gathering at the vehicular entry to the building where Djokovic was reported to be meeting with his lawyers after the minister’s decision was handed down.\nWith his legal situation still in limbo, Djokovic was placed in the tournament bracket in Thursday’s draw, slated to face Miomir Kecmanovic in an all-Serbian matchup in the first round.\nMelbourne-based immigration lawyer Kian Bone said Djokovic’s lawyers face an “extremely difficult” task to get court orders over the weekend to allow their client to play next week.\nSpeaking hours before Hawke’s decision was announced, Bone said: “If you left it any later than he has done now, I think from a strategic standpoint, he’s really hamstringing Djokovic’s legal team, in terms of what sort of options or remedies he could obtain.”\nDjokovic’s lawyers would need to go before a duty judge of the Federal Circuit and Family Court, or a higher judge of the Federal Court, to get two urgent orders. One order would be an injunction preventing his deportation, such as what he won in court last week. The second would force Hawke to grant Djokovic a visa to play.\nJacqui Lambie, an influential independent senator, argued that Djokovic should be sent packing if he had broken Australia’s vaccine rules. But hours before the visa cancellation was announced, she complained about how long Hawke was taking to reach a decision.\n“Why does this keep dripping out of the tap? Alex Hawke, where are you? Missing in action?” Lambie asked.\n“If you can’t make a decision on Novak Djokovic, goodness me, how are you guys running the country? This is an absolute shambles,” she added.\nMurray collects first win of the season as Senators upset Flames 4-1\nIn vaccination battles, pro athletes become proxy players","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line800310"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.61232590675354,"wiki_prob":0.38767409324645996,"text":"Notice Requirements For Professional Liability Insurance\nby ILSTV Daily News | Jul 12, 2019 | Business, Canadian Insurance, Insurance | 0 comments\nArticle by Deepshikha Dutt and Stevan Manojlovic\nOn June 18, 2019, the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal released its decision in the case involving Trisura Guarantee Insurance Company of Canada (Trisura) and Duncan et al. This decision is noteworthy, as it may lessen an insured’s obligation to notify and disclose potential claims, and increase the burden of diligence on the insurer.\nTrisura provided professional liability coverage to Keybase National Financial Services Inc. (Keybase) from July 2008 to July 2012. Gregory Duncan and James White (Duncan and White) were Keybase advisors during this time.\nDuncan and White assumed responsibility for John Allen’s (Allen) clients. Allen was also a Keybase advisor. He was dismissed by Keybase in September 2007. Allen was sued by his former clients in 2009. Allen was convicted for criminal offences, and his former clients were successful in their action against him (2014 NSSC 31 (CanLII)).\nHowever, following the 2014 decision against Allen, the clients (Allen Clients) turned around and commenced a claim against Duncan and White as well, complaining of improper advice concerning mitigation of losses caused by Allen (2015 Action).\nDuncan and White applied for, and were granted, an order compelling Trisura to defend the 2015 Action (2018 NSSC 92). Trisura appealed this decision. It asserted that the Court erred: (1) in its interpretation of notice obligations under the policy; (2) in finding that Duncan and White complied with those obligations; and (3) in finding that relief from forfeiture was available in the circumstances. The decision was upheld.\nThe Appellate Court’s decision\nTrisura stated that: (1) it was not notified of any claims or potential claims during the policy periods; and (2) Keybase knew or should have foreseen that Duncan and White had exposure when Keybase first applied for insurance in 2008.\nWith respect to Trisura’s first argument on notification, the Court disagreed. Although the 2015 Action arose after the Trisura policy expired, the policy afforded coverage if Trisura was notified during the policy period. In 2010, Keybase’s third party insurance consultant (the “Consultant”) had reported potential claims from the Allen Clients. Trisura argued that these reports were related to Keybase and Allen’s negligence. They argued that “notice” was not collective. Further, notice respecting one Duncan and White client could not be notice for all clients. The circumstances needed to be differentiated.\nThe Court stated that Trisura’s knowledge of what transpired between Keybase, Allen and the Allen Clients underpinned its understanding of how Duncan and White, as subsequent advisors, were exposed to claims of liability. Trisura, as a sophisticated player in the insurance industry, with the benefit of prior knowledge and context, should have known the potential for further claims. Without prior knowledge, it was safe to assume that Trisura would have sought more explanation in the reports.\nTrisura’s argument that notification with respect to potential liability regarding one client cannot be notification with respect to the others failed, because there was no material difference between the former Allen Clients’ claims against Duncan and White, and the losses sought.\nIn June 2010, the Consultant indicated there were seven client complaints against Allen and “two current agents”. Furthermore, on July 2, 2010, Trisura received an adjuster’s report stating:\n“There could be exposure for the alleged failure by the subsequent Keybase advisors (Jim White and Greg Duncan) to rectify the situation or to have caused an aggravation of the situation”.\nTrisura argued that the report was misconstrued. The actual focus was whether potential claims against Duncan and White should have been disclosed prior to placement of coverage with Trisura.\nNevertheless, on December 29, 2010, the Consultant wrote to Trisura’s adjuster:\n“We confirm that any subsequent claims will be treated by Trisura as having arisen in the period in which these circumstances were reported … July, 1, 2009 to July 1, 2010.”\nTrisura did not respond.\nTrisura also argued that claims against Duncan and White were not commenced during the policy period, because Duncan and White themselves did not think they had any exposure. However, the Court noted that it was unnecessary for the insured to provide notice personally. Additionally, the Consultant was reporting to Trisura on behalf of Duncan and White, and Keybase. The purpose of notice was satisfied in light of the adjuster’s assessment of the potential exposure.\nConsidered alone, this is not a novel decision. However, it may form part of a broader legal framework, which will make it difficult for insurers to challenge the adequacy of notification and disclosure moving forward.\nAbout Dentons\nDentons is the world’s first polycentric global law firm. A top 20 firm on the Acritas 2015 Global Elite Brand Index, the Firm is committed to challenging the status quo in delivering consistent and uncompromising quality and value in new and inventive ways. Driven to provide clients a competitive edge, and connected to the communities where its clients want to do business, Dentons knows that understanding local cultures is crucial to successfully completing a deal, resolving a dispute or solving a business challenge. Now the world’s largest law firm, Dentons’ global team builds agile, tailored solutions to meet the local, national and global needs of private and public clients of any size in more than 125 locations serving 50-plus countries. www.dentons.com\nThe content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances. Specific Questions relating to this article should be addressed directly to the author.\nSource: Mondaq\nPlease enter a valid value. * Time limit is exhausted. Please reload CAPTCHA. 1 + 6 =","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line783306"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.598710834980011,"wiki_prob":0.401289165019989,"text":"Divorce and Recovery\nBy Erik Alsgaard\nIn 2008, while in his 40’s, Ian Usher got divorced. Like millions of others before him, he searched for ways to cope with the divorce. Wanting a fresh start, Usher developed a plan that would lead him to places he had never thought of: He sold everything he owned on eBay.\nIn one week, Usher sold everything except for one set of clothes, a wallet, and his passport. In the run-up to the auction, however, a new plan began to emerge. He set a goal of 100 challenges to accomplish in 100 weeks.\nToday, Usher’s two-year journey is over. He managed to complete 93 of the 100 challenges (such as sky diving, climbing the Eiffel Tower, and seeing Mount Everest), has written a book about the adventure, and is under contract to Walt Disney Pictures for a possible movie.\nUsher’s method of coping with divorce is unusual; however, the trauma he experienced in his divorce is not. “Getting through” or “dealing with” the aftermath of a divorce is often a long, complicated process. Author and licensed social worker Susan Pease Gadoua, writing a blog for Psychology Today magazine, notes that recovery from a divorce depends on many factors, including “how long you were together, how good the relationship was and how committed you were to your spouse, whether the divorce was a surprise, [and] whether you have children.”\nDivorce Rates and the Economy\nIn the United States, although the accepted statistic is that approximately 50 percent of marriages end in divorce, accurate divorce numbers are hard to come by. According to Divorce.com, “the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics has not collected any divorce data since 1996. Since then, most divorce statistics have been based on different data collection systems like surveys, and those methods can vary widely from state to state.”\nA new survey by the National Marriage Project at the University of Virginia reported that the current economic recession “has both stressed and strengthened American marriages.” While around 29 percent of couples reported that the recession has deepened their commitment to marriage, 38 percent of couples who had been contemplating divorce decided to postpone it or put it aside.\nChristians and Divorce\nChristians are certainly not immune from divorce. Donald Hughes, author of The Divorce Reality, says, “In the churches, people have a superstitious view that Christianity will keep them from divorce, but they are subject to the same problems as everyone else, and they include a lack of relationship skills. . . . Just being born again is not a rabbit’s foot.”\nAccording to a 2008 Barna survey and report, mainline Protestants have a divorce rate of 25 percent; non-denominational Christians, 34 percent; Baptists, 29 percent; Mormons, 24 percent; and Catholics and Lutherans, 21 percent each. George Barna, president of the Barna Research Group, commented on the survey, saying, “When [born-again Christians] experience a divorce many of them feel their community of faith provides rejection rather than support and healing. But the research also raises questions regarding the effectiveness of how churches minister to families. The ultimate responsibility for a marriage belongs to the husband and wife, but the high incidence of divorce within the Christian community challenges the idea that churches provide truly practical and life-changing support for marriages.”\nHowever, David Popenoe, co-director of the National Marriage Project at Rutgers University, questioned the Barna report. He believes that Christians follow biblical models of the family, making a bond that “the secular world doesn’t have. . . . It just stands to reason that the bond of religion is protective of marriage, and I believe it is.”\nClergy are not immune from divorce either. I, myself, am a clergy person who has been divorced. My first marriage ended after 16 years, when it became clear that my relationship with my wife could not be saved. Facing the thought of divorce, I was distraught. I did everything I could to keep the marriage alive and only considered divorce as a last resort. I sought out the advice and counsel of a trusted clergy friend, mainly because I was torn by the idea of disobeying my wedding vows. When, in the course of a conversation, my friend said, “What vow troubles you the most?” I replied, “I promised ‘til death do us part.’ ” He replied, “What happens when the relationship dies?” Only then was I able to come to grips with the reality of what I needed to do.\nDivorce Recovery and the Church\nSusan Pease Gadoua has good news for people going through divorce: There are ways to make the process easier. Among them, she writes, are asking for help and letting help in; talking about grief with others; getting as much information as possible; and allowing feelings to come to the surface. “With any loss of a marriage comes grief,” she writes. To get through it, she advises that people be gentle with themselves, allow all the emotions surrounding the divorce to be felt, get adequate support, and keep a journal to track progress.\nMany programs and ministries exist to help people recover from divorce. At Lovers Lane United Methodist Church in Dallas, Texas, a recovery group has been meeting there for the past 29 years. Called Starting Over, the weekly meeting is designed to encourage participants to experience emotional personal growth; learn the grief process and how to deal with loneliness, anger, and depression; and begin to move on to experience new relationships. “I think it’s a great program that will allow me to get through my difficult time,” writes Felicia on the group’s website. “I will definitely recommend it to others.”\nMany churches offer divorce recovery classes to help persons cope with the “rollercoaster feelings” associated with divorce. The aim is to bring inner healing and wholeness. The classes cover such issues as forgiveness, dealing with an ex-spouse and children, dating, biblical perspectives on divorce and remarriage, and building healthy relationships. Others offer in-depth divorce recovery workshops with trained facilitators, the workshops include sessions on finances and legal matters that also address such issues as denial, rejection, grief, self-worth, and hope. Most important is that these groups offer a caring, non-judgmental environment for those going through the pain of divorce.\nHealing Through Faith\nIn April 1999, Lila Fraizer wrote an article about how divorce recovery should be. Her husband had announced to her on their 25th wedding anniversary that he wanted a divorce. At age 50, she started life over again. Fraizer began attending a nearby church. After worship, she set up an appointment with the pastor for counseling. “After meeting with her, I left that office feeling a load had been lifted from my shoulders,” she said.\nFraizer continued to attend the church because she felt the congregation cared. “I was always accepted, never ostracized. They showed me God’s unconditional love.” Fraizer further notes, “Divorce happens. Was it God’s will that I be divorced? I doubt it. But I do believe that God has helped me develop emotionally and spiritually, which may not have happened had I stayed in an unhappy marriage. And my church, in reaching out to me, has helped me find healing through faith.”\nThis article is part of FaithLink, a weekly downloadable discussion guide for classes and small groups. FaithLink motivates Christians to consider their personal views on important contemporary issues, and it also encourages them to act on their beliefs. The complete study guide accompanying this article can be purchased here.\nErik Alsgaard\nErik Alsgaard is managing editor in the Ministry of Communications for the Baltimore-Washington Conference. read more…\nCaring for mental health in your congregation\nEveryone Wants to Know How to Talk to Grieving Kids\nBy Joseph M. Primo\nBy Martin Nicholas","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1707380"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8940280675888062,"wiki_prob":0.8940280675888062,"text":"Daily Cover| Jan 13, 2020, 06:00am EST |\nThe 47,500% Return: Meet The Billionaire Family Behind The Hottest Stock Of The Past 30 Years\nAbram Brown\n(Clockwise: Victor, Larry and Eric Mendelson.)\nEverybody told us it was impossible,” says Victor Mendelson.“Couldn’t be done,” adds his brother, Eric. “That we were going to fail,” Victor says.\nIt’s lunchtime on a Thursday in Miami, and the brothers are seated at their offices with their father, Laurans, for lunch—salads on picnic plates and a shared bag of pita chips. Eric and Victor are finishing each other’s thoughts, as they often do, especially when it’s a tale they enjoy telling, and they very much like to recount this one, the origin story of Heico Corp., their publicly traded manufacturer of replacement aircraft parts. Because rather than fail, Eric, 54, Victor, 52, and their dad, 81, who goes by “Larry,” have succeeded in unquestionably spectacular fashion.\nSince 1990, when the Mendelsons took over the Hollywood, Florida-based business, Heico has generated a total return of some 47,500%. (No, that’s not a typo. All those digits are correct.) During the past decade, its shares have increased by 1,270%, soaring past the S&P 500 (250%) and even, say, Berkshire Hathaway (240%). That’s been enough for the Mendelsons, who control 17% of the company, to amass a fortune that Forbes estimates at $1.2 billion. Revenue reached $2.1 billion on profit of $328 million in fiscal 2019, both record highs.\nAll those numbers are pretty solid evidence that their detractors at the beginning were wrong: The Mendelsons have been able to earn a foothold in an industry dominated by the so-called original equipment manufacturers, the GEs and Boeings of the world, who are the first to develop the parts and keep prices high on any replacements to help recoup the original R&D costs. They have done so by acquiring 78 companies over the years and by pricing their parts cheaply. Last year, with Larry as CEO and chairman and the brothers as co-presidents, Heico produced nearly 100,000 parts, sold to nearly every major airline in the world as well as defense customers like the U.S. government. This includes everything from wheels and brakes to lights and power cords to the little latch that secures a flight attendant’s cabinet.\n“They’re clearly an outlier,” says Ken Herbert, a managing director at Canaccord Genuity. “I mean, it’s hard to envision family businesses that have been this successful for this long. They’ve remained very disciplined, stuck to their knitting and do what they do well.”\nThe origins of this story date back to 116th Street in Manhattan at Columbia University, their father’s alma mater. There, the brothers studied business and economics and grew particularly interested in one of the most prevalent trends of the time: the buyout game. The more they learned, the more convinced they became that they could pull off an LBO, too. Victor was the one to find Heico—started in 1957 and taken public in 1960—after chatting up a friendly stock broker familiar with the company.\nThey figured their dad, a former Arthur Andersen accountant and real estate investor in Florida, would supply the capital. After studying Heico’s financials and annual reports in a Columbia library, Victor decided it looked like a perfect target: a manufacturing business with solid numbers but unenthused executives. “The board owned nothing—owned no shares,” recalls Larry. “They weren’t motivated.” Victor pitched the idea to his brother and father, and after buying $3 million in Heico stock—half cash, half debt—by January 1990 they controlled the firm. Out went the old management, in came the Mendelsons.\nAt the time, Heico sold a single item, an engine combustion chamber, having acquired the rights and data for making it a few years earlier from the original manufacturer, Pratt & Whitney. It brought in $26 million in sales, peddled to customers like Pan-Am and Eastern Airlines. It wasn’t long before they were casting about for similar opportunities in the after-parts market, which they found to be particularly alluring. Everything needed Federal Aviation Administration approval, which ensured that not every Tom, Dick and Larry could easily enter the industry. Plus, replacement parts weren’t generally patent-protected, so all the Mendelsons had to do was reverse engineer them, then prove to the FAA that they were up to snuff.\nMachinery that works on a component of airplane engines whirls at one of Heico's south Florida factories.\nTim Pannell\nTo do so, Eric practically came to live in the hallways of the FAA’s Washington, D.C., headquarters. “They were really very, very thorough,” he says. But Eric wore them out with his own thoroughness. “We do full a metallurgical inspection on every single lot of parts we produce,” he says. “That includes material hardness, grain size”—Eric can go on like this at length, and often does—“grain-flow structure, coatings. . . . The reason we do it is because we can’t afford to have a failure.” In 1991, the FAA gave Heico the green light for its second part, a tube used in jet engines. That was key to winning over customers, as was Lufthansa’s investment in Heico—a tacit stamp of approval—six years later.\nAs their business gained altitude, Larry insisted they live by a blunt rule: “We don’t try to screw the customer.” Heico keeps its prices locked between a third to a half off what an original manufacturer would charge. Heico’s net margin hovers around 15%. It could be more than that if the Mendelsons pushed harder (and some defense products are more profitable). “They’ve historically been reluctant to print a margin over 20%,” says Hebert, the Canaccord Genuity analyst. “They never want to be perceived as gouging or excessively profiting from their airlines.”\nThe Mendelsons are shrewd buyers themselves, having in 2019 completed seven more acquisitions. They shop for owners or top executives who resemble them. “The companies we buy are very entrepreneurial—entrepreneurs that started years ago, started businesses in their garages,” says Larry. “They started with nothing,” which, he says, means “they watch every nickel.” Generally, the acquired businesses have around $10 million in earnings and margins north of 20%. The Mendelsons don’t usually buy an entire firm. More often than not, they leave a fifth of it in the hands of the owners or the chief executives running the place to keep them incentivized.\nVaughn Barnes, the cofounder of Corona, California-based Thermal Structures, is one such owner. He and his partners sold their business, a manufacturer of things like the insulation foil that cools a plane’s combustion engine, to Heico in 1999 for approximately $35 million. Sales then were around $17 million, and they’ve increased more than sixfold since. “As long as you do what you say you’re going to do, they”—the Mendelsons—“leave you alone,” Barnes says. “And they ask, ‘Do you need anything?’”\nA close-up of a device in Heico's Hollywood, Florida, facility that conducts metallurgical analysis on aircraft parts.\nSince the start, Larry, Eric and Victor—similar reflections of each other with their smiles, well-knotted neckties and cuff links—have operated in a particular way. “All major decisions have to be unanimous,” Larry says. “We will get together, and one [of us] might not agree, but when we’re all done, it’s all worked fine.” While Larry stays at home base in Miami, the brothers are on the road two days a week, reviewing operations at the company’s scattered facilities across the world. “Eric and Victor do the heavy lift,” admits Larry. “They operate the divisions,” with Eric mostly managing the business with the commercial airlines, while Victor handles the parts for defense aircraft. “I don’t micromanage them. I mean, if there is a particular issue, we sit down, and we talk about it.”\nThe Mendelsons purposefully live within 20 minutes of each other and the office, Eric in Miami Beach and Victor and Larry in Coconut Grove. Larry’s home is filled to the ceiling with his art, and he is an indefatigable collector (“I like Miró. I like Renoir. I like Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol.”), carefully cataloging each purchase in a manila folder. He dines often at the nearby Capitol Grill. (“The parking is easy.”)\nHeico has made a lot of other people wealthy, too. The company’s biggest shareholder, the Mendelsons’ friend Herbie Wertheim, is a billionaire partially from his 10% stake. But it’s not just Wertheim. The Mendelsons have long encouraged their employees to take advantage of a lucrative retirement plan. They match up to 5% of what workers sock away in their 401(k)s—not in cash but in Heico stock. So, put in $5,000, get $5,000 worth of Heico shares, which, of course, have done nothing in the past 29 years but wildly appreciate. In other words, the stock has turned a lot of ordinary Heiconians, especially early staffers, into millionaires.\nNo, that’s incorrect, Larry says. “Multimillionaires.”\nGet Forbes’ daily top headlines straight to your inbox for news on the world’s most important entrepreneurs and superstars, expert career advice and success secrets.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1399785"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6606724858283997,"wiki_prob":0.33932751417160034,"text":"English Premier League, Betting Preview 16 October\nBob Brogan\n3 months 3 days ago\t#827059 by Bob Brogan\nEnglish Premier League, Betting Preview 16 October was created by Bob Brogan\nThe English Premier League continues after a short break and we select 3 of Saturday’s matches to have a bet on.\n......................................................................................................................................\nwww.africanbettingclan.com\n@SAFBETTINGCLAN\nThe following user(s) said Thank You: spartanza, cross\nspartanza\n3 months 1 day ago\t#827060 by spartanza\nspartanza on topic English Premier League, Betting Preview 16 October\nGonna be an interesting weekend\n\"When the seagulls follow the trawler, it's because they think sardines will be thrown into the sea. Thank you very much.\"\n2 hours 3 minutes ago","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1003358"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6299460530281067,"wiki_prob":0.3700539469718933,"text":"An OBGYN Doctor on the Impact of Mississippi's abortion case\nBy Ari Shapiro,\nKaren Zamora, Patrick Jarenwattananon\nThe Supreme Court heard a case today which could ultimately reverse the constitutional right to an abortion. The justices are considering a Mississippi law that bans the procedure after 15 weeks, but the state of Mississippi argued further that the court's previous decisions establishing the right to an abortion were wrongly decided.\nSCOTT STEWART: Roe v. Wade and Planned Parenthood v. Casey haunt our country. They have no basis in the Constitution. They have no home in our history or traditions.\nSHAPIRO: That's Mississippi Solicitor General Scott Stewart. One of those fighting to keep abortion legal is Dr. Jamila Perritt. She is president and CEO of Physicians for Reproductive Health. Welcome.\nJAMILA PERRITT: Thank you so much for having me.\nSHAPIRO: Today's arguments left many with the impression that the justices will hollow out Roe, if not overturn it altogether. Is that your sense?\nPERRITT: It's hard to say. I mean, we don't know what the justices are going to do, you know, or what the court is going to do until we have a decision in June. However, the conservative members of the court did signal an openness to upholding the abortion ban, but they're divided on whether to completely overturn previous decisions like Roe and Casey.\nSHAPIRO: Let's talk about those different options before them. First, walk us through, what happens if the justices adopt the most sweeping argument made by Mississippi lawyers, that there is no constitutional right to abortion? What would the immediate consequences across the U.S. be?\nPERRITT: Well, I want to start by just being really clear. I'm not a lawyer. I'm not a politician. I'm a doctor. And as a doctor, I take care of real people, people who will be deeply impacted by overturning - or upholding this legislation and overturning access to abortion care. What that means for folks in Mississippi and around the country is whether or not you have access to the safe, essential, medically necessary care is going to depend wholly on where you live in the country and what kind of resources you have access to.\nSHAPIRO: Tell us more about that. I mean, it doesn't affect everybody equally. Who would be most affected by it?\nPERRITT: Well, it's not going to affect everyone equally, because access to abortion has never been equal around the country. Folks with means, with resources will always have access to this care regardless of what happens at the level of the Supreme Court. We saw that happening prior to Roe v. Wade, and we'll see that - and we see that continuing to happen with state level abortion restrictions around the country. So what that means is that those living on low income - young people, people of color in particular, immigrants, folks who don't have child care, who don't have time off from work - are always going to be left out from any - are going to be deeply impacted by anything that restricts access to abortion care. And so this is going to have a disproportionate and inequitable impact on many communities.\nSHAPIRO: You're describing the impact on patients. What about for doctors who perform abortions?\nPERRITT: I think it's complicated for doctors who perform abortions. It's - one of the oaths that we take when we are entering and leaving medical school is to make sure that we are supporting people with the care that they need in the way that they needed, this oath to first do no harm. And by passing these kinds of restrictions, it is directly misaligned with our oath to follow ethical guidelines in providing individuals with non-judgmental and complete patient care. We see this reflected in statements like those that come out of the leading medical organizations, including the American College of OBGYNs, the American Medical Association, who oppose these limits on accessing safe and essential medical care like abortion care.\nSHAPIRO: And so what happens when a doctor is faced with that apparent conflict?\nPERRITT: Well, we only have to look to states like Texas, to what's happening now in Mississippi and Tennessee and Ohio to find out what the impact is. We have physicians and health care providers who support abortion care really put in a difficult place of trying to be able to provide this comprehensive care to the communities that they serve and being put in the - in a position to have to make really tough decisions about what they can and cannot say, who they can and cannot refer to care. And that's not medicine. That's not ethical.\nSHAPIRO: If we are looking at a future where the U.S. has a patchwork of state laws regarding the legality of abortion, describe what that means in practical terms for somebody who wants to end a pregnancy.\nPERRITT: What that means is you have to be able to make the arrangements. You need to have money. You need to have time. You need to have resources. You need to be able to find a provider who is willing to care for you. Often what that means is traveling hundreds, sometimes thousands of miles to be able to get care. And so it makes it exceedingly difficult. But the reality is that that's the point, right? That's the point of passing these state-level restrictions. The point is to eliminate access to abortion, period. So whether it shows up in gestational age bands like we're seeing in Mississippi, whether it looks like trap laws, whether it looks like physician providing only restrictions on care, the intent is the same.\nSHAPIRO: And so just briefly, what do you think the response from abortion rights supporters needs to be?\nPERRITT: Well, where - we saw that response today. We're organizing. We're lifting our voices. We're centering the stories of people who've had an abortion, people who are providing abortions. And so we're really making sure that folks understand there is no state in the country where the majority of people do not support access to abortion care. We need to say that frequently and often.\nSHAPIRO: Dr. Jamila Perritt is president and CEO of Physicians for Reproductive Health. Thank you very much.\nPERRITT: Thank you so much for having me.\nSHAPIRO: And in another part of the program, we hear from an abortion rights opponent. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.\nKaren Zamora\nSee stories by Karen Zamora","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1039145"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9162588119506836,"wiki_prob":0.9162588119506836,"text":"Home / Music /\nPrince Was Supposed To Be on Michael Jackson’s Song ‘Bad’ but It Never Happened\nAramide Tinubu\nPrince and Michael Jackson are two of the most legendary entertainers of all time, but they didn’t always agree. In fact, the feud between the pair began in 1983 when they both attended a James Brown concert.\nDuring the concert, the “Off the Wall” singer wowed the crowd with his dance moves and moonwalks. Prince followed suit. However, in a rare misstep, he fell into the crowd taking down a prop with him. From then on, the men never saw eye to eye.\n“It was just very obvious what the hell happened — [Prince] made a d*mn fool out of himself.,” Quincy Jones told GQ in 2018. “Michael went up there, in 40 seconds, sang ‘I love you, I love you.’ Then they went up-tempo, and he did a little dance and did the moonwalk and whispered in [James Brown’s] ear, ‘Call Prince up — I dare him to follow me.’” Still, despite their feud, the men almost made an epic record together.\nPrince | Jonathan Daniel/Getty Images\nMichael Jackson’s ‘Bad’ was one one of the biggest songs of his career\nNo one knew how Jackson would top his iconic 1982 album “Thriller,” which is still one of the best-selling albums of all time. However, when he released the follow-up album “Bad,” in 1987, there were no more questions.\n“Bad” was the final collaboration between Jackson and Quincy Jones, and it was highly anticipated since it was his first album in five years. “Bad” and the single of the same name were still enormously successful even without Prince, who was supposed to be featured on the song.\nRELATED: What Was Michael Jackson’s Net Worth At the Time of His Death?\nPrince was supposed to be featured on Michael Jackson’s ‘Bad’\nAs two of the most legendary performers of all time, it would have been beyond comprehension to hear Prince sing with Jackson on “Bad.” That was the original plan for the sequel but, instead, fans will notice that actor Wesley Snipes is in the video with the King of Pop.\n“You know that Wesley Snipes character [from the video]? That would have been me,” Prince explained in a 1997 interview with Chris Rock.\nHowever, Snipes has boasted that Jackson decided to replace him with Prince on a whim. “Me and Prince were auditioning together, and I blew Prince out of the water,” he claimed in a 2017 interview with Conan O’Brien. “Michael had told Prince that he had the role, and then he met me and kicked Prince to the curb. Imagine that.”\nWhile we mostly think the Blade actor was joking, there is a reason why Prince and the Jackson 5 legend never appeared on a song together.\nPrince hated the lyrics to Michael Jackson’s ‘Bad’\nJackson had written, produced, and composed the song with Jones. However, some of the lyrics made Prince take pause. It appears that the “1999” singer was not so comfy with some of the words used.\n“You run that video in your mind,” Prince told Rock. “The first line in that song is, ‘your butt is mine’ so I was saying, ‘Who gonna sing that to whom? Because you sure ain’t singing it to me, and I sure ain’t singing it to you.’ So right there we got a problem.”\nPrince’s band member and former fiancée, Susannah Melvoin remembers Prince reworking the song, but Jackson ultimately rejecting it. On the podcast Love City with Toure, Melvoin said,\nPrince] couldn’t believe Michael had the nerve to call it “I’m Bad.” There’s nothing badass about him. He could not let Michael get away with it. Not only was he not going to sing it with him, he went into the studio and re-recorded it to what he thought it should be and sent it back to Michael. Like ‘No. And by the way, this is what it should be.’ That was the end of that. But that’s how Prince was.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line599284"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5569804906845093,"wiki_prob":0.4430195093154907,"text":"Botswana steps up anti doping measures\nThe Botswana National Olympic Committee (BNOC) has moved a step forward in its endeavours to protect local athletes against involuntary taking of banned substances.\nIn what is considered a positive development, the BNOC has now trained at least one medical doctor to deal with the Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) for local athletes. The move is expected to ensure athletes with chronic diseases and those with need for medicines at different times do not fall victim to anti doping tests and sanctions and are not sidelined from active competition.\nSpeaking in an interview, BNOC Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Tuelo Serufho said the move to train local doctors is part of Botswana’s plan to ensure deserving and honest athletes are not banned from sport for doping despite using medicines sanctioned by doctors. “It is a well known fact that some athletes have chronic illnesses and constantly need to use prescription drugs.\nThe international sports federations are aware of this and the plan is that athletes with such illnesses should not be marginalised from active competition. TUE is made to address this while also curbing dishonest athletes from using prohibited substances,” the BNOC CEO explained.\nHe said under the TUE, athletes with chronic illnesses or in need of certain medicines must apply for use of prescription drugs, something that ensures they can be exonerated should their samples return an adverse analytical finding during anti doping tests. On what measures will be taken to ensure that the TUE is not abused, Serufho said a panel of doctors have to agree to the exemption before it can be granted to the athlete, something which ensures fairness in the process. In the case of Botswana, the BNOC CEO said the panel to look at the TUE of local athletes will include a local doctor and some doctors from neighboring South Africa.\n“Even the athletes using prescription drugs for chronic illnesses can be easily monitored under the system. For any athlete using prescription drugs, there is always a certain level or amount of such drugs to be found in his system at any given time. Should an athlete be found to have more than the acceptable amount in his/her sample analysis, that athlete will be liable to be taken to task for doping violations,” the BNOC CEO explained.\nHe however cautioned that it is still the responsibility of an individual athlete to ensure that where possible, only medicines without banned substances are used. “We encourage athletes not to buy over the counter medications for any illnesses, but rather go for prescription medicines. This will ensure that where they get caught in anti doping stings, they have detailed documents to prove their innocence,” Serufho said. To ensure that athletes do not involuntarily use banned substances, the BNOC CEO said athletes are always encouraged to ask their pharmacists whether the drugs prescribed to them are free of banned substances.\n“This is the reason why a pocket sized book listing all the banned substances has been made for athletes. This is to ensure that they can always show it to their pharmacists to ascertain that the medicines they prescribe are free from banned substances and will also need documents from such Pharmacists confirming this,” Serufho said.\nMeanwhile, the BNOC CEO has alluded that local sport is in need of an independent National Anti Doping Organisation (NADO). He said as such, the BNOC will continue engaging all stakeholders to help the country have its own NADO. He said while the government has been willing to help, the economic downturn that had engulfed the world and Botswana in particular had restricted the country from taking this big step. The BNOC CEO concluded by saying that when finances become available, a fully fledged NADO will be established in the country.\nBotswana steps up anti doping campaigns\nBotswana Athletics optimistic of meeting new anti doping obligations\nBotswana steps up campaign to woo investors","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line39022"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7112383246421814,"wiki_prob":0.2887616753578186,"text":"Bert Seager is an internationally recognized jazz performer and composer. His seventeen compact discs have won him unanimous critical acclaim from the New York Times, Keyboard Magazine, The Chicago Tribune, The Boston Globe and many other publications.\nBert’s compositions, improvisations and teaching reflect both an inward and outward-looking view of life and music. He plays a varied program of originals, jazz classics and spontaneous music: always striving for transparency – framing each song’s improvised narrative in a playful conversation.\nBert has performed and recorded with jazz numerous luminaries. He has toured with his band extensively both in the United States and internationally in China, Hungary, Bulgaria, Ecuador, Peru, Canada, Israel, Jordan, and Japan.\nBert is on the faculty of the New England Conservatory of Music, and has been a recipient of a National Endowment of the Arts grant for jazz.\nHe is also a three-time winner of an extended residency in music composition at MacDowell, the artists’ colony in Peterborough, New Hampshire.\nHe is a graduate of Haverford College and earned a masters degree from the New England Conservatory of Music in 1984.\nBert is an official Steinway artist","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1533088"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5963140726089478,"wiki_prob":0.40368592739105225,"text":"Diploma on-lineFind CareersFor EnterprisePara alunos\nEntendo a indústria da música: quanto vale a música?\nUniversidade Vanderbilt\n4.5 (139 classificações)\nThis course will examine the music industry in the United States, with the unique perspective gained by Vanderbilt University’s location in Nashville, TN. Nashville is a major center of music in the United States, and the music created here has a global reach, particularly in the country, rock, pop, singer-songwriter, and Americana genres. However, students will learn that the basic principles of recording, marketing, copyright, licensing, and live performance are the same, regardless of musical style or genre. The music business is one of the most rapidly changing industries in the US today. It is also an industry filled with contradiction, and media headlines and anecdotal stories often add to the confusion. Here are just a few statements paraphrased from recent news stories: * The music business has collapsed * Demand for music is expanding at the greatest rate in history * Historic recording studios are closing at an alarming rate * More people are making recordings than ever before * Musicians usually lose money touring * Musicians usually make money touring * Major artist pulls songs off streaming services because they don’t pay fairly * Major artist makes a fortune from streaming services * People won’t buy records anymore * Vinyl record sales are soaring This course will attempt to make sense of these seemingly contradictory trends and data, outline the basic structure and mechanisms of today’s music industry, and encourage students to think critically and entrepreneurially about the future of music. Leaders from various areas of the music business will lend their perspectives through in-depth interviews, and footage from a recording session will give learners a behind the scenes look at how a song goes from the spark of an idea hummed into a cell phone to a finished recording. Participants will grapple with questions about art and commerce which are both timeless and crucially important today, and will emerge from this course with tools allowing them to make more informed decisions as creators, promoters, and consumers of music. Course launches February 19, 2016.\nLoved it.\\n\\nIt gave me insight to how thing work in this business.\\n\\nGreat Job.\nit's great, all vivid content and clear explanations.\nRecording & Record Labels, Part 1\nPart 1 of this module will cover the basics of audio recording. You’ll learn about the pros and cons of home vs. studio recording, hear perspectives from both home and professional studio owners, and learn about different jobs and roles in recording environments. Finally, you will watch the evolution of the theme song for our course, starting with a rough demo sung into a phone recording app, and following through to the end of the recording session with professional musicians in Nashville.\nIntroduction1:48\nHome Recording3:57\nInterview: Dave Coleman43:18\nProfessional Studio Recording2:49\nInterview: John McBride55:37\nA Walk Through Blackbird Studio12:03\nStudio Jobs & Roles3:47\nHome vs Studio4:24\nEvolution of a Song Recording19:01\nJen Gunderman\nAssistant Professor of Musicology\nSelecionar um idiomaInglês\n[MUSIC] Home audio recording has been steadily increasing in popularity. It's actually possible to make an entire recording in your bedroom these days on a laptop computer. There's been a decrease in the cost of professional grade audio equipment that makes it possible. There has been an increase in access to technology that allows for recordings to be made at home. A lot of the work that gets done in a home recording studios are just done out of necessity. The recording budgets from record labels and other sources are not what they used to be and so people make do with what they have. The setup that people have in their homes range wildly in complexity and professionalism. Anyone can take a little mini recorder on a smartphone or an iPad or a laptop. Make a quickie video or recording and upload it to YouTube in no time. But our focus here's going to be on home recording studios that are little bit more elaborate and that strive to make professional sounding recordings that can be distributed and sold. The components of a home studio vary from person to person and it really depends on the style of music that the person wants to make. That will determine what kind of components are a part of these home studios. Every home studio however's, going to need a recording device of some sort. Digital audio workstations are very common. And this is computer software that's used on a computer, [LAUGH] plus a hardware audio interface, something that works in between the instrument or the voice and the computer in the recording process. Some people still prefer to work on analog tape. There's a lot of love for the analog format still, but the tape machines tend to be very large, and so most home studios use digital setups. Because of the size of these tape machines, those big analog machines are normally found just in professional studios. You're also going to need a motorized system in your home studio. This can include speakers, so that you can here playback of what the musicians have done. And usually also includes a headphone system as well. Both for the producer and engineer, and for the musicians in your room who need to be able to hear what they're doing when they're playing. You're going to need some microphones, probably. You're going to need some musical instruments. Although it is true that if you are programming electronic music or you're working in EDM or you're a DJ, you may not need all that much in the way of either microphones or instruments. A keyboard or even some software that generates beats could be all you need to make the music that you like. As a home studio owners budget allows, they can add other pieces of gear which help to make the recording sound more professional. You may add a mixing board that helps get the sound that you want. There are also outboard gear pieces like compressors, pre-amps, and effects units, reverb units and so forth, and additional playback monitors. A lot of home studios that I've worked in will have, for example, big speakers and a set of small speakers too, so you can hear the difference in different kinds of audio playback systems. Many sound effects are available as software plugins. And so sometimes the choice a person has is whether you want the actual physical piece of gear or a piece of software that sort of emulates the piece of hardware that you can also get. The interesting thing about all of this is that it's possible to build up a home studio in a modular kind of way. You can learn as you go. You can figure out what is most important to you in terms of the sounds that you're trying to create. And you can save up money [LAUGH] along the way to buy that microphone that you're really wanting or buy the compressor that you're really wanting. And along the way, as your gear gets better, you can increase the professional sounds of your recordings. [MUSIC] [SOUND] >> [APPLAUSE]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line337230"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6546759605407715,"wiki_prob":0.3453240394592285,"text":"Colombia | English\nLiebherr Group: Products & Services for Colombia\nOther websites for Colombia\n06/13/2018 Liebherr sponsors charitable trust's two-day engineering event at Vertikal Days\nThe “Crane Off” competition was a great success.\nLiebherr-Great Britain Ltd was delighted to sponsor the two-day “My Future My Choice” event for the fourth consecutive year at this year’s Vertikal Days at Donington Park, United Kingdom. “My Future My Choice”, part of the Bristol Initiative Charitable Trust, is a charity that provides opportunities for young people to engage with the world outside school. One of its aims is the promotion of engineering careers to young people.\nA total of 60 Year 10 and Year 11 students from Lees Brook Community School in Chaddesden, Derby, and Chellaston Academy, also in Derby, took part and were given an insight into what a career in engineering could involve by participating in a practical project. As well as working with Liebherr apprentices to build a crane from a cardboard template and taking part in a “Crane Off” competition, the students had the opportunity to operate a Liebherr LTM 1040-2.1, generously supplied by Bryn Thomas Cranes.\n“Business support is invaluable to the work we do and the team from Liebherr have striven each year to build on the exceptional experience they provide for the students at Vertikal Days”, Polly Barnes from “My Future My Choice” said. “Feedback from the students shows that they have a far greater understanding of the range of opportunities available to them in the lifting and access industry as a result of attending the Lifting Aspirations workshops at Vertikal Days. Particularly pleasing was the number of girls keen to discuss possible career pathways in an industry that offers great variety of opportunity”.\nEd Hudson, General Manager of Customer and Product Support for mobile and crawler cranes at Liebherr-Great Britain Ltd, concluded: “All the students who took part were very engaged in the activities and I hope that many of them will be talking to Liebherr about careers in a few years’ time”.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line163696"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6350504159927368,"wiki_prob":0.3649495840072632,"text":"Pavol Krajcer\nI put there just a blank paper because there was nobody who represented me\nPavol Krajcer, Student\nA lot of my views about communism are from my parents. Both of my parents had negative attitudes towards communism. My mom’s family in Nitra had a piece of land and a factory so they lost it when private ownership was banned. It was like it was stolen from them. The communists harassed her father, my grandfather, until he died. My dad could not get into the university that he wanted to, despite being a good student, because his father was not a member of the party. So they did not have a good experience with communism.\nNormally I don’t think about how much freedom I have because I don’t know what it looks like to live without freedom, but sometimes it hits me. When my dad talks about what it was like when he was growing up I realize how different it is for me. I have never been chased by somebody or watched by somebody so I don’t know how that feels. But to have the freedom to travel and the right to vote freely in an election I know how that feels and these freedoms are important.\nIn the most recent election I went to vote because I think that it’s my duty, but I put there just a blank, white paper because there was really nobody who I agreed with or who represented me. It is stupid for me to not vote, so I went, but I don’t feel that it is right to vote for people who I don’t feel good about.\nSometimes I think that I might want to get into politics because I have the feeling that I want to change something, but you see a lot of young people who went into politics full of ideals and after a couple of years they change. I don’t want that to happen to me - to lose my faith. But I am also an idealist and I want to make change, maybe by being a teacher. Everybody can make change at some level.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1803201"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5840190649032593,"wiki_prob":0.5840190649032593,"text":"https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-steel-projects-worse-than-expected-shipments-in-2015-1446589798\nU.S. Sets New Duties on Chinese Steel\nRuling places preliminary duties of up to 236% on some imports; U.S. Steel posts another loss\nU.S. Steel posted another quarterly loss and cut its outlook for shipments and prices amid what it called excessive imports.\nPhoto: U.S. Steel via Bloomberg News\nJohn W. Miller\n@wsjmiller\nJohn.Miller@wsj.com\nUpdated Nov. 3, 2015 8:51 pm ET\nThe U.S. Department of Commerce slapped preliminary duties on some steel from China on Tuesday, as U.S. Steel Corp. X -0.12% posted another quarterly loss and cut its outlook for shipments and prices amid what it called excessive imports.\nSix American steelmakers including U.S. Steel filed three trade complaints earlier this year. On Tuesday, they received a preliminary ruling on the first as the Commerce Department established preliminary duties of up to 236% on imports of corrosion-resistant steel from China. The tariff goes into effect immediately and will be set for five years if a final ruling in favor of the duty is made in January.\nPittsburgh-based U.S. Steel on Tuesday reported a net loss of $173 million, or $1.18 a share, as total shipments fell 25% from a year earlier, to 3.9 million tons.\nThe effect of the sharp drop in volumes was magnified by lower prices. The benchmark hot-rolled coil price in the U.S. stands at $393 a ton, down by more than a third from the start of the year, reflecting pressure on global prices from a flood of Chinese steel exports. In the first nine months of 2015, China exported 71.4 million tons of steel, up 31% from the same period in 2014, though U.S. imports from China declined slightly in that time.\nU.S. Steel Chief Executive Mario Longhi pointed to the role of Chinese imports in a company statement Tuesday, saying that “excessively high levels of imports, much of which we believe are unfairly traded” hit steel prices.\nThe company said in July that it expected improved market conditions in the second half as supply chain inventories rebalanced, primarily in flat-rolled markets.\nThe imports, Mr. Longhi said Tuesday, “had a negative impact on the rebalancing of supply chain inventories, decreasing customer order rates in the second half of the year.” As a result, the company said it expected significantly lower shipments and average realized prices than previously projected.\nA U.S. Steel spokeswoman said the tariffs were “a good first step” and that the company is looking forward to the next decision, “encouraged that our federal agencies tasked with this critical oversight and enforcement of our trade laws will halt these harmful, illegal and unfair practices.”\nChina’s Commerce Ministry declined immediate comment, saying it was looking into the decision. Phone calls to the China Iron and Steel Association weren’t answered.\nSteelmakers in China and other countries have denied taking advantage of domestic subsidies or other favors to dump low-cost steel on U.S. markets.\nOverall, imports of steel into the U.S. are slightly down in 2015, but they have increased dramatically for certain key steel categories, including the corrosion-resistant steel hit by the preliminary tariff.\nMany categories of steel are offered at such low rates that they’re “toxic for pricing,” said Phil Gibbs, an analyst for Cleveland-based Keybanc Capital Markets.\nThe tariffs will provide some support for prices in the U.S., but some analysts say companies are going to have make longer-term structural changes.\n“We could see steel prices stay this low for the next 10 years,” Mr. Gibbs said.\nU.S. Steel has now lost money in eight of the past 10 quarters, and the company has reported losses totaling $509 million so far this year. Even the flat-rolled segment, which sells to the booming automotive industry and is supposed to be one of the company’s most lucrative units, lost money. Its earnings declined to a $18 million loss from a $347 million profit in the third quarter of 2014.\nThe Commerce Department also set smaller duties on imports from India, South Korea and Italy. A separate ruling on the case will be issued in December.\n—Rose Yu in Shanghai contributed to this article.\nWrite to John W. Miller at john.miller@wsj.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line598166"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8839336037635803,"wiki_prob":0.8839336037635803,"text":"Winter Storm Jonas: New Jersey Hit Hard With Snow, Flooding, Street Closures And High Tides Reported Along Coast\nBy Adam Lidgett @AdamLidgett\nFloodwater covers Third Avenue in Stone Harbor, New Jersey, because of the major winter storm that struck the U.S. Northeast Jan. 23, 2016. Photo: Andrew Renneisen/Getty Images\nUPDATE: 7:55 p.m. EST — The blizzard sweeping across the East Coast of the country has left 18 people dead, the Associated Press reported Saturday. Three people died in New York while shoveling snow, and medical examiners were working to determine the exact causes of their deaths. The storm is expected to be among the worst to ever hit the city.\nIn the nation’s capital, both Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport were expected to remain closed through Sunday. Conditions there forced both Vice President Joe Biden and Defense Secretary Ash Carter to have their flights diverted to Florida, the Hill reported.\nUPDATE: 3:45 p.m. EST — The Associated Press has put the current death toll resulting from the winter storm at 12, including a fatal heart attack caused by shoveling snow and crashes on icy highways and streets.\nNew Jersey's coastal areas took a heavy pounding from the severe winter storm that pounded the Northeast United States with snow Saturday, with flooding and huge tides recorded in some areas of the state still recovering from the 2012 Hurricane Sandy. New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie declared a state of emergency Friday night, and New Jersey Transit suspended service a couple of hours later, WCBS-TV of New York reported.\nThe storm was part of a massive system that blanketed a large area stretching from Tennessee and Kentucky to New England. About 2 feet of snow swamped the Washington area, and hundreds of accidents and thousands of power outages were reported in the storm's path. New York City officials said a travel ban would go into effect at 2:30 p.m., and anyone out on the street after that would be subject to arrest.\nParts of Sea Isle City and Ocean City, New Jersey, reported flooded streets, and North Wildwood Mayor Patrick Rosenello said the flooding was so rampant it reminded him of what the area experienced with Sandy, WCAU-TV of Philadelphia reported. Hotels have reported wind damage, cars have been abandoned on the street, and thousands of New Jersey residents have been left without power.\nCurrent view of JFK in Sea Isle #6abcAction #stormjonas pic.twitter.com/tLwlMqZnqF\n&mdash; Sea Isle Chamber (@SeaIsleChamber) January 23, 2016\nIn the flooded streets of Wildwood, ice could be seen in the water, which appeared to move like a small river, according to a tweet. Huge waves could also be seen pounding the coast of Atlantic City.\nIce barges and cold water Rapids in Wildwood, NJ. @ACPressSkeldon pic.twitter.com/5A14tmeX58\n&mdash; Jonathan Long (@Jonathan_Long91) January 23, 2016\nFirst tide took lower half of Arizona ave water came up thur floor just like Sandy @ACPress_Hughes @ACPressSkeldon pic.twitter.com/ZwjfNSNNis\n&mdash; City Of Atlantic (@CityOfAtlantic) January 23, 2016\nGreat Channel and Stone Harbor in New Jersey have seen so much flooding, the record set during Sandy was broken, Weather.com reported. Some areas of Ocean County have been under a voluntary evacuation order, while a mandatory evacuation order was issued for Barnegat.\nTidal flooding forced the closure of Route 30, which runs through Atlantic City, Saturday morning. Across the entire length of the New Jersey Turnpike, the speed limit was reduced by officials to 35 mph, but Christie warned people to stay off the roads until the storm passes.\nAdding to the storm was the weekend’s full moon, which increased the size of the tides pounding the coast, NBC News reported. The high winds already reported may have pushed these high tides even farther up the coastline.\nAbout 50 people around Atlantic City were displaced from their homes as a result of flooding. Some 90,000 New Jersey residents were without power by noon Saturday, USA Today reported.\nAt least 10 people have died as a result of the storm. A man in Fort Washington, Maryland, shoveling snow Saturday morning suffered a apparent fatal heart attack, local media reported.\nSnow totals were steadily increasing in many areas across the United States, and in some areas were heading to historic levels. About 20-25 inches of snow was expected in the Washington area, and if the level reaches 28 inches, it will be the largest snowfall on record in the district.\nIn the New York City area, snow totals have measured 6-12 inches, while in Philadelphia the unofficial count was at 17 inches as of 11 a.m., ABC News reported. New Jersey has seen 9-14 inches, while some areas of Virginia have seen as much as 30 inches of snow.\nAt noon, all Metropolitan Transportation Authority bus service in New York was suspended due to the weather, while subway service was to run with delays, DNAinfo.com reported. Commuter rail and above-ground subway service was to be suspended at 4 p.m. Service out of New York City’s airports, John F. Kennedy International and LaGuardia, was canceled as well.\nDrivers have been experiencing significant road trouble, with parts of the Pennsylvania Turnpike turned into parking lots. The Duquesne men’s basketball team, traveling back to Pittsburgh from a game at George Mason, got stranded Friday night in the snow, and as of noon Saturday, the team still was stranded, the team’s Twitter account revealed.\nWe&#39;re not in this alone! Dukes hanging out with middle schoolers from Iowa on the bus stuck next to us pic.twitter.com/8vBWa1x68c\n&mdash; Duquesne Basketball (@DuqMBB) January 23, 2016\nStudents from as far as Nebraska were stuck on the Pennsylvania Turnpike. About 330 students and chaperones from Omaha who were traveling home after attending the March for Life in Washington when they got stuck on the road, local media reported.\nJust before noon, the National Guard arrived to help the stranded drivers, the Pennsylvania Turnpike’s Twitter account said. Water and rations were being given to those stranded by fire and rescue crews Saturday.\nFire &amp; rescue crew has been providing water &amp; rations to stranded motorists @PA_Turnpike. Need assistance? Dial *11\n&mdash; PennsylvaniaTurnpike (@PA_Turnpike) January 23, 2016\nNew York Gov. Andrew Cuomo said Saturday he was issuing a travel ban for later Saturday, closing roads in New York City, downstate New York and on Long Island by 2:30 p.m., local media said on Twitter. Two of the MTA’s train lines, Metro North and the Long Island Railroad, will be shut down starting at 4 p.m.\nBlizzard Creeps North After Dumping 2 Feet On DC\nNY, DC Mayors Make Urgent Pleas To Drivers","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1843674"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8387622237205505,"wiki_prob":0.8387622237205505,"text":"C.J.R. de Lisle\nTune of the Day: Presto by Bellinzani\nfrom Recorder Sonata in B-flat major\nThis Presto is the second movement of the first sonata from Sonate a flauto solo con cembalo, o violoncello (“Sonatas for solo flute with harpsichord or cello”) by Italian Baroque composer Paolo Benedetto Bellinzani, originally published in Venice in 1720.\nCategories: Baroque Sonatas Difficulty: intermediate\nTuesday 2 June 2020\nTune of the Day: Duet in E major by Berbiguier\nfrom “36 Petits Duos Mélodiques Faciles et Chantants”\nThis is the eleventh duet from Trente-six Petits Duos Mélodiques Faciles et Chantants pour deux Flûtes (36 Easy Flute Duets) by French Romantic composer Benoit Tranquille Berbiguier.\nCategories: Romantic Written for Flute Difficulty: intermediate\nTune of the Day: Study in D major by Hugues\nfrom “30 Studies”\nThis study in double tonguing is the sixteenth piece from 30 Studi, Op. 32, by Italian flutist, composer and arranger Luigi Hugues.\nThis study has also been published as the eleventh piece in a selection of 24 Studies for Flute from Hugues's Opp. 32 and 75.\nCategories: Double tonguing Etudes Romantic Written for Flute Difficulty: intermediate\nThursday 4 June 2020\nTune of the Day: Ciuri, ciuri\nTraditional Italian song\n“Ciuri ciuri” (“Flowers, flowers”) is one of the most popular folk songs from the Italian island of Sicily. Its melody was written in 1883 by composer and conductor Francesco Paolo Frontini to lyrics by an unknown author.\nFlowers, flowers of all the year,\nThe love you gave me I give you back.\nFriday 5 June 2020\nfrom Flute Sonata in G major\nThis Vivace is the second movement of the last of 12 sonatas for flute and continuo by Italian composer Pietro Antonio Locatelli, originally published in Amsterdam in 1732.\nTune of the Day: Will You Come to the Bower\nTraditional Irish song, arranged for two flutes\nThis song was composed by the famous Irish poet, singer and songwriter Thomas Moore, based on an earlier song and tune by the same title.\nWill you come to the bower I have shaded for you?\nOur bed shall be roses all spangled with dew.\nWill you, will you, will you, will you\nCome to the bower?\nAccording to tradition, this tune was played by a fifer and drummer from the rag-tag army of Sam Houston at the battle of San Jacinto in 1836. However, according to Davis family lore, there were no fifers or drummers in Houston's forces at the time, only two fiddlers. Houston's plan was to draw near the Mexican forces under Santa Anna by parading his men, as if on drill, before sounding a final charge. He hoped such a non-aggressive appearing maneuver would allay the Mexican alertness and allow him an element of surprise. To that end, he had the fiddlers play something the Texans would know, but not particularly martial in nature. Not knowing any marches, the fiddlers over and over played “Will You Come to the Bower?”, a love song popular on the frontier, and it was to the strains of the song on stringed instruments that the Texans marched in their crude fashion. Houston's trick worked, and he was victorious.\nDuring the second half of the 19th century, the song was adopted by the Fenian movement (a movement dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic), and a new lyric gained wide currency:\nWill you come to the bower o’er the free boundless ocean,\nWhere the stupendous waves roll in thundering motion;\nWhere the mermaids are seen and the fierce tempest gathers,\nTo loved Erin the green, the dear land of our fathers.\nWill you come, will you, will you, will you come to the bower?\nThe present arrangement for two flutes appeared in Blake's Young Flutist's Magazine, published in 1833.\nCategories: Love songs Patriotic Traditional/Folk Difficulty: intermediate\nSunday 7 June 2020\nTune of the Day: Study in E minor by Prill\nfrom “24 Studies for the Development of Technique”\nThis is the fourth piece from 24 Etüden zur Förderung der Technik (24 Studies for the Development of Technique), Op. 12, by German flutist Emil Prill. It was first published in Bremen in 1913.\nTune of the Day: Sarsfield's Lamentation\nThe oldest appearance of this tune is in The Hibernian Muse, printed in London in 1787. Tune collector Francis O'Neill writes:\nThis lamentation derives its importance from the historical prominence of General Sarsfield as the Irish Commander at the Siege of Limerick. That circumstance obviously accounts for its being confounded in later times with “Limerick's Lamentation”.\nTune of the Day: Largo by Bellinzani\nThis Largo in G minor is the third movement of the first sonata from Sonate a flauto solo con cembalo, o violoncello (“Sonatas for solo flute with harpsichord or cello”) by Italian Baroque composer Paolo Benedetto Bellinzani, originally published in Venice in 1720.\nCategories: Baroque Sonatas Difficulty: easy\nTune of the Day: Duet in D major by Berbiguier\nThis is the twelfth duet from Trente-six Petits Duos Mélodiques Faciles et Chantants pour deux Flûtes (36 Easy Flute Duets) by French Romantic composer Benoit Tranquille Berbiguier.\nTune of the Day: Study in F-sharp major by Hugues\nToday's piece is the fourteenth study from 30 Studi, Op. 32, by Italian flutist, composer and arranger Luigi Hugues.\nThis study has also been published as the twelfth piece in a selection of 24 Studies for Flute from Hugues's Opp. 32 and 75.\nTune of the Day: Eriskay Love Lilt\nTraditional Scottish air\nThis lovely little love song is named after Eriskay, a small island in the southern section of the Westen Isles of Scotland. It is famous as the place where Bonnie Prince Charlie first landed at the start of his ill-fated Jacobite Rebellion in 1745.\nWhen I’m lonely, dear white heart,\nBlack the night and wild the sea,\nBy love’s light, my foot finds\nThe old pathway to me.\nThanks to Peter for suggesting this tune!\nCategories: Love songs Slow airs Traditional/Folk Difficulty: easy\nTune of the Day: Allegro by Locatelli\nThis Allegro is the third movement of the last of 12 sonatas for flute and continuo by Italian composer Pietro Antonio Locatelli, originally published in Amsterdam in 1732.\nTune of the Day: The Carnival of Venice\nThe “Carnival of Venice” folk tune traces its roots back to at least the early 19th century, when it was popularized by violinist Niccolò Paganini, who wrote twenty variations on the original tune. Since then, the tune has been used for a number of popular songs such as “If You Should Go to Venice” and “My Hat, It Has Three Corners”. As you probably know, there is also a famous arrangement for the flute by Briccialdi.\nThe present arrangement for two flutes appeared in Blake's Young Flutist's Magazine, published in Philadelphia in 1833.\nCategories: Nursery rhymes Traditional/Folk Difficulty: easy\nTune of the Day: Study in D major by Prill\nThis is the fifth piece from 24 Etüden zur Förderung der Technik (24 Studies for the Development of Technique), Op. 12, by German flutist Emil Prill. It was first published in Bremen in 1913.\nTune of the Day: Now is the Hour\nPopular 20th-century song\nThe origins of this popular song are unclear. It has been credited to several people, and is often erroneously described as a traditional Māori (the indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand) song.\nThe tune first became known in 1913, when it was published by W.H. Paling and Co. as a piano-variations piece in Australia, called “Swiss Cradle Song” and credited to “Clement Scott”. Some sources say that, after a tour of New Zealand, the British music critic and travel writer Clement Scott wrote the tune. However, the family of an Australian, Albert Saunders, has long claimed that the “Clement Scott” who wrote the tune is a pseudonym for Saunders. Australian composer Clarence Elkin also claimed to be the author.\nMāori words were added around 1915 and the tune was slightly changed. It became known as “Pō Atarau” and was used as a farewell to Māori soldiers going to the First World War. After this, some New Zealanders mistakenly thought the song was an old Māori folksong.\nThe song achieved world-wide popularity in 1948, when no less than seven recordings of the song reached the Billboard charts in the USA. The most notable of these recordings was Bing Crosby's, which was No. 1 for three weeks, and (quite appropriately, considering the lyrics) the final No. 1 hit of his career.\nNow is the hour, when we must say goodbye.\nSoon you'll be sailing far across the sea.\nWhile you're away, oh, then, remember me.\nWhen you return, you'll find me waiting here.\nTune of the Day: Allegro by Bellinzani\nThis is the fourth and final movement of the first sonata from Sonate a flauto solo con cembalo, o violoncello (“Sonatas for solo flute with harpsichord or cello”) by Italian Baroque composer Paolo Benedetto Bellinzani, originally published in Venice in 1720.\nThis movement has actually no tempo indication in the original manuscript, but it usually appears as an “Allegro” in modern editions.\nThis is the thirteenth duet from Trente-six Petits Duos Mélodiques Faciles et Chantants pour deux Flûtes (36 Easy Flute Duets) by French Romantic composer Benoit Tranquille Berbiguier.\nCategories: Romantic Written for Flute Difficulty: easy\nTune of the Day: Study in A major by Hugues\nfrom “40 New Studies”\nToday's piece is the seventeenth study from 40 Nuovi Studi, Op. 75, by Italian flutist, composer and arranger Luigi Hugues.\nThis study has also been published as the thirteenth piece in a selection of 24 Studies for Flute from Hugues's Opp. 32 and 75.\nTune of the Day: Hornpipe form Ruddigore\ntranscribed for solo flute\nThis fine hornpipe is taken from Act I of Gilbert and Sullivan's 1887 comic opera Ruddigore; or, The Witch's Curse.\nCategories: Opera excerpts Piccolo tunes Show-off pieces Difficulty: intermediate\nTune of the Day: Presto by Locatelli\nThis Presto is the fourth and final movement of the last of 12 sonatas for flute and continuo by Italian composer Pietro Antonio Locatelli, originally published in Amsterdam in 1732.\nTune of the Day: Dieu d'amour\nfrom “Les mariages samnites”, arranged for two flutes\nThis piece was originally a chorus from André Grétry's 1776 opera Les mariages samnites (The Samnite Marriages), sung in Act I by a group of young girls. The theme is well known to pianists because of a set of variations composed by Mozart in 1781.\nThe present arrangement for two flutes is taken from Blake's Young Flutist's Magazine (Philadelphia, 1833), in which it appears with the title “March des samnites” and is erroneously attributed to Mozart.\nCategories: Classical Marches Opera excerpts Difficulty: intermediate\nTune of the Day: Study in B minor by Prill\nThis is the sixth piece from 24 Etüden zur Förderung der Technik (24 Studies for the Development of Technique), Op. 12, by German flutist Emil Prill. It was first published in Bremen in 1913.\nTune of the Day: The Dark-eyed Gypsy\nThis air appears in Francis O'Neill's collection Waifs and Strays of Gaelic Melody, published in Chicago in 1922. The cited source is a P.J. Healey of San Francisco. O'Neill writes:\nAlthough suggestive of an English origin, “The Dark-eyed Gypsy” was the name of a popular song in Tipperary, Mr. Healey's native county.\nTune of the Day: Adagio by Bellinzani\nfrom Recorder Sonata in D minor\nThis is the first movement of the second sonata from Sonate a flauto solo con cembalo, o violoncello (“Sonatas for solo flute with harpsichord or cello”) by Italian Baroque composer Paolo Benedetto Bellinzani, originally published in Venice in 1720.\nTune of the Day: Duet in B-flat major by Berbiguier\nThis is the fourteenth duet from Trente-six Petits Duos Mélodiques Faciles et Chantants pour deux Flûtes (36 Easy Flute Duets) by French Romantic composer Benoit Tranquille Berbiguier.\nCategories: Romantic Waltzes Written for Flute Difficulty: easy\nTune of the Day: Study in E major by Hugues\nToday's piece is the seventh study from 40 Nuovi Studi, Op. 75, by Italian flutist, composer and arranger Luigi Hugues.\nThis study has also been published as the fourteenth piece in a selection of 24 Studies for Flute from Hugues's Opp. 32 and 75.\nTune of the Day: Cnoic Uisnach\nThis air appears in Francis O'Neill's collection Waifs and Strays of Gaelic Melody, published in Chicago in 1922. The cited source is a P.J. O'Donohue of San Francisco. O'Neill writes:\nI am informed by our liberal contributor, Mr. Francis E. Walsh of San Francisco, that variants of the above air are known to several of his musical acquaintances but by different names such as “Knuck Usnach Gathering”; “Knuck Costhnach”; “The Coming of Lugh”; and “The Poor Man's Friend”. Mr. O'Donohue, whose setting is presented, insists that it is the true air of “Willy Reilly”, the old time favorite of an earlier generation. The melody is the real thing however.\nThe Hill of Uisneach (Irish: Uisneach or Cnoc Uisnigh) is a hill and ancient ceremonial site in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is a protected national monument, consisting of numerous monuments and earthworks including a probable megalithic tomb, burial mounds, enclosures, standing stones, holy wells and a medieval road.\nTune of the Day: Passepied by Telemann\nfrom Suite in A minor for Recorder and Strings\nTelemann's Ouverture-Suite in A minor, TWV 55:a2 contains two consecutive passepieds. While the first is played by the strings alone, in the second one only the flute and the bass appear.\nCategories: Baroque Passepieds Difficulty: intermediate\nTune of the Day: My Lodgings Is On the Cold Ground\nTraditional folk song, arranged for two flutes\nThis old air, better known today as the tune of Thomas Moore's 19th-century song “Believe Me, if All Those Endearing Young Charms”, has been claimed alike by England, Scotland and Ireland, but according to Scottish musicologist George Farquhar Graham the probability seems to be that it is an old English dance tune. English composer Matthew Locke's 17th-century folk song “My Lodging is in the Cold, Cold Ground” was set to this tune some time after its original setting to a different, also traditional, air.\nCategories: Celtic Music Love songs Traditional/Folk Difficulty: intermediate","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line618159"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9300421476364136,"wiki_prob":0.9300421476364136,"text":"Home » TV & Movies » Black List Scribe Elyse Hollander Signs With APA (EXCLUSIVE)\nBlack List Scribe Elyse Hollander Signs With APA (EXCLUSIVE)\nScreenwriter Elyse Hollander has signed with APA for representation, Variety has learned exclusively. She continues to repped by Bellevue Productions and Hansen Jacobson.\nHollander started her career as an assistant to Alejandro González Iñárritu on the set of “Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)” before breaking out with her Black List topping screenplay “Blonde Ambition” in 2016. The script is about Madonna overcoming sexism to become a superstar in the early 1980s. It went on to sell to Universal with Michael De Luca producing.\nShe again made the Black List in 2018 with “Queens of the Stoned Age,” based on the GQ article of the same name. Sony and Escape Artists are producing with Dakota Johnson attached to star. Her other work includes “Murder on the Dance Floor” for Sony and Marc Platt Productions as well as an untitled K-Pop feature for 20th Century Studios, Epic Magazine, and SB Projects. The latter project landed at 20th after an extensive bidding war.\nMost recently, sources say that Hollander worked on the screenplay for a new Amy Winehouse biopic. She is now working on the script for the “Guys and Dolls” film from director and co-writer Bill Condon at TriStar.\nNews of the Hollander signing comes after APA had an impressive day thanks the release of the 2021 Black List. The agency landed six spots on the annual list of the best unproduced screenplays, including “In the End” by Brian T. Arnold and “The College Dropout” by the team of Thomas Aguilar and Michael Ballin. Likewise, Bellevue also had a good day, with nine total entries on this year’s list.\nJhené Aiko Repackages the Gift of Song with 'Wrap Me Up' Rerelease\nBillie Eilish started watching porn at 11-years-old and it ruined her sex life","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line833669"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6065287590026855,"wiki_prob":0.39347124099731445,"text":"Home News Briefs Toronto-based OneClass nabs $1.6 mln in Series A funding\nToronto-based OneClass nabs $1.6 mln in Series A funding\nOneClass has raised $1.6 million in Series A funding. Asian private equity firm SAIF Partners led the round with participation from existing investors, such as Canadian early-stage venture capital firm Real Ventures. Based in Toronto, OneClass is an educational platform that crowdsources university course content. Update: The company is a 2012 graduate of FounderFuel, a Montréal-based accelerator that helps early stage web, mobile and SaaS startups raise seed capital.\nToronto, Canada, Oct 21, 2013 – OneClass announces a $1.6M Series A led by SAIF partners and follow-on investments from existing investors such as Real Ventures. OneClass is an educational platform crowdsourcing university course content. The startup is currently on its way to becoming the largest global interactive library for educational content across all levels of education.\nSince its inception in September 2010, the site has evolved from a simple course note repository to a richer and more comprehensive platform. The site now covers over 10,000 courses with notes, exam prep videos and common university subject videos from introductory level calculus to 1st-year chemistry.\n“Making that transition from high school to university is difficult, especially from a 20 person classroom to a 500 person class. Students have limited and costly options to find extra help after a lecture ends – the choices are Google, Youtube and private tutors charging $40-80/hr. OneClass is tackling an issue that affects millions of students worldwide.” says Jack Tai – CEO and Co-Founder of OneClass.\nOneClass leverages its community of students to help produce top-notch content and allows subject experts to create videos and other supplementary material tackling common questions on midterms and exams for popular university courses. Every day, OneClass saves thousands of students hours from filtering through unrelated and outdated content from the web.\nStudents contribute to OneClass’s rapidly expanding archive of hundreds of thousands of course notes, adding up to 10,000 different courses to date. The team is extremely focused on maintaining and improving the quality of all site content. One successful method they utilize is their use of badges and rewards for top contributors. Never losing sight of their vision, the OneClass team is focused on providing every student with the content they need. Simply reading class slides is just not enough for the average student to excel in their courses.\nTo date, this Canadian start-up has established its presence in over 50 schools across Canada and the US with 200,000 users and is on its way to taking the company to the next level.\nThe team is looking beyond just post-secondary students. They are also considering a vertical expansion to both high school and graduate school course resources. The company’s ultimate goal is to instantly deliver invaluable educational content that is immediately useful and relevant to any knowledge seeker on one platform.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line981138"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7127957940101624,"wiki_prob":0.7127957940101624,"text":"Home Bollywood Rustom: ‘Honourable Murderer’ Inspired by a real Life Incident\nRustom: ‘Honourable Murderer’ Inspired by a real Life Incident\nLinnet silver\nThe Khiladi Kumar is ridding high on success after his latest blockbuster movie Airlift. The movie was a huge box office hit, earning 100 cores in 10 days. This time Akshay Kumar will be seen in a new avatar in his forthcoming film “Rustom.” The Bollywood star is a versatile actor and has played various different roles. Audience has always loved the actor in his patriotic action roles. Akshay Kumar played an Indian Intelligence Officer in “Baby” and an Army man in “Holiday” and also a patriotic do-good common man in “Airlift” and “Gabbar.” Now with “Rustom” Akshay is back as a naval officer.\nThe movie Rustom is based on a real life story that has shades of the late 1950’s. The movie is directed by Tinu Suresh Desai and the scripts are written by Vipul K. Rawal. Akshay Kumar plays the lead role as a naval officer named Rustom Pavri and Ileana D’Cruz in the lead role alongside. The movie is based on the real life sensational incidences of Nanavati murder case in 1959. The movie focuses on the theme of love and dignity for our country India.\nThe Nanavati Murder Case 1959\nKawas Maneckshaw Nanavati was second in command of the Indian Navy’s flagship INS Mysore and a devoted family man. He had an English wife named Sylvia and two children. On the afternoon of April 27, 1959, Nanavati’s wife confessed to him that she has fallen in love with a family friend named Prem Ahuja. The officer without betraying any emotion, dropped his wife Sylvia and his children at a theater. The officer carrying a revolver and six bullets with him asked his senior officer permission to leave for Ahmednagar. Nanavati went to Prem Ahuja’s house and shot him with three bullets. He then surrenders himself up to the police and confessed that he has done the murder. The case went on for many years. Eventually, Nanavati got a reputation as the “honorable killer.” Nanavati was finally pardoned in 1962. Later, Nanavati migrated to Canada with his family.\nThe First Look\nThe first look of” Rustom” was revealed on Feb 25, 2016, where Akshay is seen with his intense look. The poster unfolds much of the mystery in the movie. The action hero this time is playing the role of a naval officer. Akshay Kumar in the poster is wearing a naval officer’s uniform with a thin moustache. The foreground of the poster is a zoomed newspaper with a small image of Ileana D’Cruz facing her back towards a man. The poster has a rose sepia tint with three bullet shot on the title, adding drama to the poster. The poster silently speaks of the real life incidence of 1956 saying “3 Shots that Shocked the Nation”.\nMovie Rustom and Love Affair Sharing the Similar Plot\nThe movie “Love Affair” of Pooja Bhatt is based on the similar subject. Hence, both the movies are sharing a similar story. Speculations were made that the film-makers will drop the movie. Pooja Bhatt says the movie is not just about Nanavati, but the movie “Love Affair” is very human and has a woman’s perspective.\nFinally, Rustom the much-awaited project release date has been announced by Akshay Kumar as Aug 12, 2016. Looking to the previous movies of Akshay Kumar, there is a confidence that Rustom will also be an excellent movie to be watched. The movie will surely do good business, as it will be released around the Independence Day weekend.\nRustom earning day wise\nDAY 1 Rs. 14.11 croce\nDAY 2 Rs. 16 crore (approx)\nPrevious articleThis Summer Let’s Enjoy the Cool Time with Ice Age Herds in the Ice Age 5\nNext article8 things every woman does secretly but doesn’t admit to do it\nMasaba Masaba – The Reel and Real Collide In This One.\n10 Bollywood Movies Every Guy finds Relatable\nRaat Akeli Hai: A Bollywood Movie, But Way Too Nuanced For It.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1350567"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9901800751686096,"wiki_prob":0.9901800751686096,"text":"How ‘Pretty Little Liars’ Alum Lucy Hale Really Feels About Reboot\nWhat’s old is new again. Pretty Little Liars will be rebooted with HBO Max’s Pretty Little Liars: Original Sin, and OG star Lucy Hale revealed that she’ll support the new show — even if the mere existence of a remake has her feeling ancient.\n“Oh my God, it’s so depressing that I already have to give advice to a new generation,” Hale, 32, told TVLine with a laugh in an interview released on Saturday, November 26. “But I think it’s great. It’s an honor that they want to continue the legacy of Pretty Little Liars. Like, how cool is that?”\nThe Hating Game star played Aria Montgomery on Freeform’s Pretty Little Liars from the show’s pilot 2010 until the series finale in 2017. The show’s spinoff starring Janel Parrish and Sasha Pieterse, Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists, was canceled after a 10-episode first season in 2019.\nHale hopes the new cast can learn from her mistakes during the original show’s run.\n“When I was doing Pretty Little Liars, I was always thinking about the next year,” the Tennessee native explained. “I was never in the moment, so I missed a lot of the little moments. We were worrying about things we shouldn’t be worrying about. It’s very vague, but my advice is just to enjoy it. It’s a once-in-a-lifetime experience. People are going to love you guys, and I’m definitely going to be watching. All the love to everyone involved.”\nHBO Max announced Original Sin in September 2020 with Riverdale showrunner Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa and Chilling Adventures of Sabrina writer Lindsay Calhoon Bring penning the new mystery. While the show is still set in the universe that Aria and her Liars are in, it’s a new town with a 20-year-old secret. A group of teenagers in the fictional town of Millwood find themselves haunted by a decision their parents made before they were born, and someone wants to make them pay for their guardians’ mistakes.\nPLL: Original Sin has rounded out their cast with Chandler Kinney, Maia Reficco, Malia Pyles, Zaria, Mallory Bechtel, Sharon Leal, Elena Goode, Lea Salonga, Alex Aiono, Eric Johnson and Bailee Madison. Hale is particularly excited to see the Good Witch alum on the small screen.\n“I also know Bailee Madison, who’s in the show, and I adore her,” the Ragdoll star added. “I’ll always support other artists and actors, no matter what the venture is. I think it’s important that we do that, because there’s not enough of that. And I’m as curious as anyone to see what they’re going to do with it.”\nHale echoed what she exclusively told Us Weekly in November 2020, shortly after the plans for a new PLL were announced. “I sincerely wish everyone the best and I hope it’s a huge success,” she said at the time. “Some people get angry about a reboot, but I think it’s important to be supportive of up-and-coming artists. I’m curious to see what they do with it!”\nHBO Max has not yet announced a premiere date.\nListen to Watch With Us to hear more about your favorite shows and for the latest TV news!\nFans Think Teddi Mellencamp Looks Like Kyle Richards in Pic\nClear up That Comedian Fan’s Present-Giving Dilemma\nClear up That Comedian Fan's Present-Giving Dilemma","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line494572"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6112072467803955,"wiki_prob":0.6112072467803955,"text":"Kate Middleton is not the most elegant nobleman\nMost elegant woman\nwantedon 01/14/2014 | 15:19\nSince her wedding to Prince William in 2011 at the latest, Kate Middleton has had fans around the world. Especially with her modern look, the 32-year-old has been able to convince her followers in recent years. But now the Duchess of Cambridge’s fashion throne seems to have shaken. When the magazine “Hello!” Voted the most elegant woman in the world, Kate Middleton no longer reached pole position.\nIn her public appearances, Kate Middleton regularly impresses with modern and, at the same time, often particularly inexpensive looks. Before long, Prince William’s wife makes sure the boxes are ringing over and over with the respective designers when choosing her clothes. But this nimbus seems to be slowly losing Kate Middleton. Readers of the magazine “Hello!” They no longer see real beauty as the most elegant woman in the world.\nKate Middleton says goodbye to fashion throne\nInstead, readers only placed Kate Middleton in third place in a current poll. Only 22 percent of the participants saw British women as their current style role model. Especially bitter for Kate Middleton: even in aristocratic circles, she is no longer ahead. A royal colleague, of all people, secured her spot in the sun with 55 percent of the vote.\nKate Middleton has to give way to another noblewoman\nIn place of Kate Middleton, who was expected in this role, Crown Princess Mary of Denmark can now look forward to victory. This means that the 41-year-old is the new benchmark for “Hello!” When it comes to elegance. British actress Olivia Newton-John took second place and therefore also ahead of Kate Middleton. But it was worse for the duchess. In another magazine poll looking for the sexiest woman of the year, Kate Middleton didn’t even make the top 3. Swedish Princess Madeleine won ahead of newly crowned Golden Globe winners Jennifer Lawrence and Diane Kruger.\nIsn’t Kate Middleton the unbeatable style model of yesteryear? The sales figures for the clothes you wear speak a different language. Perhaps the readers of “Hello!” They just wanted to give other women in the world a chance.Image Source: © Getty Images / Chris Jackson\nWhatsApp Telegram Tweet\nTags:Elegant, Kate, Middleton, nobleman\nThis woman has the perfect butt, this is what she looks like\nFirst tattoo: 10 things you should know\nLea Michele already has the top 10 in sight","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1104677"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5593519806861877,"wiki_prob":0.44064801931381226,"text":"Home » Blog » The Growing Interest of Australia in Philippine BPO Services\nThe Growing Interest of Australia in Philippine BPO Services\nJuly 6, 2011 • EB Call Center • Business Process Outsourcing\n© markrubens / Dollar Photo Club\nPhilippine BPO services are the best in Asia solely because Filipinos are comfortable with the use of the English language. With a culture that is closest to western influence, the Philippines is a continually growing back-office sector, that has now expanded its outsourcing partnerships with countries like Canada, U.K., France, Spain, and most especially Australia. The Philippine BPO partnership provides a highly skilled workforce with individuals whose educational attainment is unmatched in the rest of Asia.\nThe country provides a better climate for business as well as great opportunity for growth. Outsourcing in the Philippines is a thriving business because of its proactive government, which encourages businesses to plant their roots within their country. Most of all, the Filipino himself is the greatest human capital asset.\nIn line with that, the Philippine IT/BPO industry has certainly caught Australian interest. Based on estimates by the Business Processing Association of the Philippines (BPAP), the share of the Australian market in the total revenue generated by the industry has grown from 1.5 percent in 2008 to 6 percent in 2010. The US remains the top market with 70 percent share, followed by the UK and Japan.\nThe Australian Contact Centre Outsourcing Market Report 2011, published by callcentres.net, a leading Sydney-based research company, points to increasing outsourcing to the Philippines among Australian companies surveyed, compared to results of prior surveys. In previous years, while majority of Australian companies outsourced to service providers within Australia, India was the second most popular destination to outsource.\nThe Philippines has really defined professionalism in Business Process Outsourcing today. With the best technical support, IT-analysts, and customer service representatives, there is no doubt that the Philippines has succeeded in doing what it does best.\nHealthcare BPO Services\n4 Office Tasks You Should Consider Outsourcing","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line126318"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9315478205680847,"wiki_prob":0.9315478205680847,"text":"Is There a New Instagram Owner?\nThe rumor of a new Instagram owner has been floating around the internet for quite some time now. However, the truth is that Instagram was founded in 2010 by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger. The two men, who are now the co-owners of the popular social networking site, are still working for the company. Earlier this year, Mr. Systrom and Mr. Krieger sold the company for $1 billion to Facebook. In September of this year, they stepped down from their role at Facebook and have not said why they are leaving.\nDespite the hype, Instagram is still owned by its founders. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg bought the company in March of this year and has now acquired Instagram for $1 billion. The acquisition, which was reportedly a surprise to Systrom and Krieger, is yet another indication that Systrom and Krieger did not see the potential of the social media site and were reluctant to sell it. Although Instagram was originally a startup, the company has become one of the largest social networks in the world.\nIn the summer of 2016, the company was sold to Facebook for $1 billion. The two founders stayed on as CEO and heads of engineering. They quickly turned Instagram into the largest social network in the world. In fact, Instagram now boasts a user base of over 500 million people. And they’re not the only ones! The founders of Instagram have been in the industry for a long time and they know how to make a successful product.\nThe company’s founders, Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, created Instagram in 2010. The company was started as a side project of Systrom and Krieger, who graduated from Stanford University and worked as programmers. They didn’t intend to build the huge business Instagram is today. The company went through many development stages in the beginning. It was later acquired by Facebook, but its founders did not plan it that way. The newest owners of Instagram did.\nThe Instagram founders were known to work together for years before the company was sold to Facebook. The company’s founders spent money to keep the app online. They didn’t care who owned Instagram. They were motivated to continue working together in order to build a successful product. They did not want the company to fail and therefore opted to sell it. Besides, this is what makes it such an attractive option for advertisers. There’s no need to worry about their business.\nThe founders of Instagram are the founders of the company. They spent many years working on the app. But it didn’t take long for them to find a buyer for the company. It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, and they made the deal in October of 2010. The deal was a great deal for Instagram. As a result, the company now has a new owner. This is an awesome opportunity to expand your business.\ninstagram ceo salary\ninstagram founder country\nis mark zuckerberg the owner of instagram\nkevin systrom net worth\nmike krieger net worth\nwhat is instagram\nwho is the owner of instagram 2020\nPrevious articleLa Sirenita Mexican Restaurant in South Philly\nNext articleInstagram Hires a Twitter Exec to Lead Its Product Team\nWhat are the best celebrity news apps?\nApps Musa - December 22, 2021\nVideoMing – The Best Website to Download Videos For Free\nApps Musa - June 19, 2021\nHow to Access WhatsApp on a Computer\nApps Musa - May 13, 2021\nApps Musa - April 13, 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1204943"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7186098694801331,"wiki_prob":0.7186098694801331,"text":"Ergo Proxy Season 1 Episode 2\nRe-l struggles to convince her peers of her encounters with the monsters, which she learns are called Proxy. She is removed from the investigation and finds that Iggy has had his memories of recent events erased. Meanwhile, Vincent finds himself on the run from a proxy and then the city’s authorities.\nSerie: Ergo Proxy\nGuest Star: Hiroshi Kamiya\nEpisode Title: Confession\nThe Slim Shady Show\nThe Slim Shady Show is an animated television series created by American rapper Eminem. Each episode is approximately five minutes in length. The shorts focus on the fictional adventures of…\nChuggington is a British computer-animated television series for children produced by Ludorum plc and on the BBC children’s channel CBeebies in the UK and Disney Channel and Disney Junior in…\nAfter swearing off music due to an incident at the middle school regional brass band competition, euphonist Kumiko Oumae enters high school hoping for a fresh start. As fate would…\nGenre: Animation, Comedy, Drama\nOuran High School Host Club is a manga series by Bisco Hatori, serialized in Hakusensha’s LaLa magazine between the September 2002 and November 2010 issues. The series follows Haruhi Fujioka,…\nAssassins Pride\nIn the world only the aristocrats have the power to fight the monster – mana. Even though Melida Angel was born in an aristocracy and studies at an academy developing…\nGenre: Action & Adventure, Animation, Crime, Drama\nTsugumomo\nKazuya Kagami never goes anywhere without the precious “Sakura Obi” his mother gave him. One day a beautiful, kimono-clad girl named Kiriha appeared before him. Kiriha naturally began to live…\nZixx\nZixx is a Canadian television series that airs on YTV. This series was developed by Savi Media and The Nightingale Company with YTV Original Productions. The series was created by…\nDragons: Race to the Edge\nUnlock the secrets of the Dragon Eye and come face to face with more dragons than anyone has ever imagined as Hiccup, Toothless and the Dragon Riders soar to the…\nGenre: Animation, Family, Kids\nXiaolin Showdown is an American animated television series that aired on Kids WB and was created by Christy Hui. Set in a world where martial arts battles and Eastern magic…\nThe Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!\nThe Cat in the Hat is back — and this time, he’s teaching Sally and her brother, Nick, some awfully nifty things to think about! KissAnime Review: The Cat in…\nIn this series of cartoon shorts, Mickey Mouse finds himself in silly situations all around the world! From New York to Paris to Tokyo, Mickey experiences new adventures with his…\nHamtaro is a Japanese children’s manga and storybook series created and illustrated by Ritsuko Kawai. The manga is serialized in Shogakukan’s all girl’s magazine Ciao in 1997, focusing on a…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line360235"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6679789423942566,"wiki_prob":0.3320210576057434,"text":"What a Year of Sobriety Has Taught Me\nJune 12, 2020 / Amanda Woodard\nI’m lounging on my sectional, thumb hovering over the “Deliver” button in Uber Eats. I have Feel Good on the TV, a Netflix original about a queer girl with a drug addiction that she considers past tense. I just texted a friend asking if it was too risky to get cake delivered to me. I’ve been sheltering in place for a while at this point, and I haven’t had dessert in ages. Before quarantine, I considered cutting sugar out of my diet to see if it would ease my anxiety. Since I’ve been alone, I’ve done a lot of back-pedaling and calling it “self-care.”\nToday is March 24, 2020: My one-year anniversary of being sober. It’s nine o’clock at night and I’m just now realizing I never thought I would make it this far. My sobriety feels so surreal that I’m constantly having dreams about cheating on it and disappointing myself. I used to have dreams like that when I was in serious relationships too; I’d cheat on them and have to confess. I never got to experience the “fun” parts of those dreams — the drinking, getting high, the sex. Just the consequences.\nAnyway, a whole year of anything feels like it deserves recognition.\nWell, that settles it, I text my friend. I’m buying the cake.\nFeel Good is easy to blast through at 25 minutes an episode. It’s a dramedy, situationally funny with dark undertones. But the more I watch, the more my chest tightens. I recognize all these characters — not the actors, but the roles they’re playing.\nI’m new to delivery apps so I accidentally buy two cakes, and yes, I eat both. The texture is moist with soft cranberries and crispy walnuts mixed in. There’s entirely too much icing, but it’s so creamy, just a hint of sweetness among the cream cheese, caramelized sugar dusting the top layer, that I eat it all anyway, dipping my fork in for more and letting it make my tongue raw.\nA specific scene in the Feel Good finale stays with me long after the credits roll. One character relapses with a member of her NA group, a guy who represents everything she hates. She’s at his house when they run out of coke, and there’s this moment when panic widens her eyes: She knows she’ll come down soon. She turns to the guy and just says, “Do you want to have sex?”\nThe tightness in my chest spreads to a sickness in my gut, a sadness that washes over me like a fog. Not even the carrot cake can dull it. Earlier in the episode, she told the guy she wasn’t interested in sleeping with him. I know she never would have done this if she were sober.\nI just binged the entire season and now I’m stewing in shame — like I stayed up drinking instead of watching TV and eating cake. Like I’m the one who propositioned a man I would never love into sleeping with me. To risk his rejection. To feel adrenaline pulse where his fingers touched me, to feel more in my body than in my head, for once. To have him grab my wrists and make me feel small.\nThat’s just what happens in the show. It’s not real. I didn’t do that. I didn’t.\nBut I have before.\nAbout a week before social-distancing mandates shut down the country, I went to San Antonio for a writing conference. Most of the seminars I wanted to attend were canceled because the authors were proactively staying home. I had a lot of time to kill, so I stayed at my Airbnb working on the second draft of an article my editor didn’t like. I felt restless. Antsy. Before I became even “sober curious,” I’d quell this feeling by getting high, drinking, or sneaking into abandoned buildings alone at night. The trouble is: I crossed all these off my list of coping mechanisms, but I don’t know any healthier alternatives. Meditation pisses me off. Yoga doesn’t slow my heart rate. My antidepressants help, but they don’t get me high — and that’s the point.\nI decided on a whim to get a tattoo, a line from an E. E. Cummings poem: “Nobody, not even the rain, has such small hands.” After paying, a boy in the waiting room stops me to ask about the writing conference I’m in town for. He was reading a book, an actual work of fiction. He told me he’s a writer too. I liked the way his sad eyes looked into mine. We both knew I’d leave in a few days and that this couldn’t turn into anything, and it’s maybe because of that that I asked if he’d go out with me that night.\nLater, as he takes sips from a Lone Star and drags from a cigarette, I nurse a Dr. Pepper and explain myself: Alcoholism is in my blood. But I caught it in time before anything really bad happened. I told him I wasn’t an alcoholic and that I was sober by choice.\nI tell him: “I just didn’t like how much I liked drinking.” I didn’t tell him that I’d lose track of my drinks. How alcohol, even at its sweetest, never tasted good to me; I always gulped down the drinks until I couldn’t feel my face anymore, until I had intimate conversations with strangers. I didn’t tell him that I almost always drank until I threw up, then wallowed in bed the next day feeling sick and ashamed, wondering what I did the night before to make a fool of myself. I didn’t tell him about puking in my purse, driving drunk and wondering how much it would hurt if I turned into oncoming traffic, sleeping on my side so I wouldn’t choke in my sleep.\nI did tell him that I’d been reflecting a lot on my sobriety with my one-year anniversary looming. It helped me discover other places where I was hiding from myself: I celebrate by eating sugar. I numb myself with TV. I shop when I’m sad. Things like that.\nI was more open with him than I normally would be on a first date, thinking about how he’d take this information, how he’d interpret me. Daring him to reject me, to show me I was just as undesirable and worthless as I felt.\nI invited him back to my Airbnb, with no pretense that we would enjoy a few drinks there.\nWe didn’t have to sleep together. He might have pushed it, but he didn’t. I’m the one who initiated that conversation, letting myself disappear into the present for once. I just wanted him to make me feel full.\nAlthough my encounter was unlike that scene on Feel Good, I can’t keep myself from thinking about it now: the chase, the rush, the awareness of an ending that kept me in the moment. The shame that found me in the car on the drive home. The voice in my head that said, “Where’s your sense of self-preservation, Amanda? He could have hurt you.”\nHe didn’t. But people had before.\nI hadn’t even been drinking. I couldn’t blame my recklessness on that.\nBut being with Mr. San Antonio — binging him through the weekend — felt like getting drunk. I felt exactly the same feelings of worthlessness after I got home as I did after a night of drinking.\nSitting in bed after turning off the TV, the lingering ache of Feel Good rattling around in my ribcage, I’m thinking, It feels impossible that I’ve been sober for a year.\nIn a way, I haven’t been completely sober. I stopped drinking and I stopped doing drugs, but I’ve continued to chase highs in other places.\nI’ve been fooling myself into thinking that I wasn’t an addict because I didn’t have to go to rehab. I haven’t relapsed. Drinking didn’t interfere with my daily life before I became sober — not in the way it did for people on TV.\nBut today is my one-year anniversary since I quit drinking and doing drugs, and I’m crying because I don’t want to be sober.\nNot because I feel like I’m missing out with my friends or because, culturally, I don’t know how to celebrate or mourn something without drinking.\nI don’t want to be sober because I don’t want to be here. I want to escape. I want that glorious 30 minutes where you’re getting drunk — but you’re not drunk yet — but you’re too buzzed to realize you should stop drinking, and everything is perfect. And the truth is, I’ve wanted to escape from my life at least weekly since I quit drinking. The craving is in me like an itch under the skin, deep in the muscle.\nIf it weren’t for the immense support of my friends — if just one person had said, “It’s no big deal, just have one drink” — I never would have lasted this long.\nNow, in quarantine, I think, No one would judge me if I started drinking again. Everyone would understand. Everyone is already posting on Instagram and Twitter about having champagne for breakfast, that the days are just separated by coffee and wine.\nI’d blend right in.\nAnd it’s this thought that finally makes me admit to myself that I’m an alcoholic. I’m not the kind of person who can have a glass of wine with dinner and stop. There’s something lurking deep inside me, something that wants to put me in harm’s way. After a year of sobriety, I am only now beginning to question: Why can’t I be alone with myself?\nAmanda Woodard is an MFA candidate at Antioch University and a freelance copywriter at mediamanda.com. Her work has been performed in Oral Fixation and published in Ten Spurs, Keep This Bag Away from Children and FlashFlood. When she’s not reading and writing, she enjoys playing board games, rock climbing and practicing yoga.\nFriday Lunch Archive","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1358632"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8130852580070496,"wiki_prob":0.8130852580070496,"text":"US court ruling backs Ill. position on juvenile life terms\nSPRINGFIELD, Ill. (AP) — About 100 convicted Illinois murderers sentenced as teenagers to life without parole are assured of resentencing after a U.S. Supreme Court ruling Monday. The high court found its 2012 opinion barring automatic life terms for young offenders is retroactive. The Illinois Supreme Court decreed the same two years ago. Heidi Lambros is with the Office of the State Appellate Defender. She says two Illinois cases have already undergone resentencing. One involved Addolfo Davis, the subject of the 2014 Illinois case. He was resentenced to life in prison. Lambros says the other was released after serving 30 years. The U.S. ruling — involving a 17-year-old Louisiana man who shot a sheriff’s deputy in 1963 — solidifies the Illinois position. Lambros says the other Illinois cases will be scheduled for court hearings.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line82589"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7939767837524414,"wiki_prob":0.7939767837524414,"text":"NBA Summer League 2012: Reggie Jackson Taking Advantage Of Playing Time\nBy Matt Conner Jul 11, 2012, 8:00am CDT\nShare All sharing options for: NBA Summer League 2012: Reggie Jackson Taking Advantage Of Playing Time\nReggie Jackson is one of the more high profile players for the Oklahoma City Thunder this week in the NBA Summer League in Orlando. WIth only a handful of games against Eastern Conference teams, the Thunder's roster features last year's first round choice with Jackson out of Boston College as well as this years in Perry Jones III out of Baylor. They have 10 others, but those two players are the ones expected to break out if anyone can. And Jackson says he's ready for that role.\nIn a recent interview with Nick Gallo from the OKC Thunder's official web site, Jackson discussed his goals for this summer and many other things. More than anything, he's focused on improving all aspects of his game by participating in summer league action.\n\"Hopefully I just become a well-rounded player, fix some of my flaws and try to minimize some of my deficiencies,\" said Jackson. \"This is just a way to get some playing time. It's good to get your legs moving, get going, try to get your wind up and just have fun. Playing with these guys is great for me and hopefully we become better teammates and just get better.\"\nJackson played in 45 games in his rookie season and averaged just over 11 minutes per game. With Eric Maynor coming back from injury, he could find less time this next season which means he needs to take advantage of every opportunity he can. In fact, he said he didn't even want to leave after the NBA Finals were over but wanted to stay and perfect his game.\n\"I went home to Colorado Springs. It was terrible,\" he said. \"I hate being away from the gym. I felt like I was forced out of there. The coaches wanted me to stay away. I snuck in a few days and shot but didn't do too much. It was tough being away from these guys and then the fires didn't really help either. So it hurt, but once we drafted Perry (Jones) I wanted to get around this young talent and just have fun and try to go on this journey together and just be with these guys. I missed them, I wanted to see some of the faces that have come in for summer league and see what we can do this week.\"\nYou can watch every game of the 2012 Orlando Summer League on NBA TV or via a subscription to Summer League Broadband.\nFor more on the Orlando Pro Summer League and the Las Vegas Summer League, stay tuned to this StoryStream.\nNBA Summer League Schedule: Thunder Top Nets\nOrlando Summer League 2012: Thunder Finish With 3-Game Winning Streak\nNBA Summer League Schedule: Thunder Face Pacers In Tuesday's Action","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1095408"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8112002015113831,"wiki_prob":0.8112002015113831,"text":"How an ancient Egyptian artefact was discovered in Aberdeen - and what it is?\nBy Chelsea Rocks\nUpdated Wednesday, 16th December 2020, 4:09 pm\nIn a miraculous case of ‘the right place at the right time’ an Egyptian researcher at the University of Aberdeen has discovered an ancient artefact which has been missing for over a century.\nWooden splits found in a cigar tin in the university’s Asia collection, could have been mistaken for something insignificant.\nBut the relic has now been confirmed as belonging to the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.\nSo why is the discovery so important, and how did the artefact end up in Aberdeen of all places?\nWhat is the missing artefact?\nThe wooden fragments of the relic date back to somewhere between 3341-3094BC, making it around 5000 years old.\nThe cedar wood pieces are part of the Dixon Relics, originally discovered in the pyramid’s Queens Chamber in 1872 by engineer Waynman Dixon.\nSome have speculated that the piece of cedar was originally a measuring rule which may have been used for construction of the pyramid.\nWhat are the other Dixon Relics?\nThe other two artefacts which make up the collection are a ball and hook.\nThey are now housed in the British Museum.\nHow did the artefact end up in Aberdeen?\nIt is thought that engineer Dixon befriended James Grant, a medical student at the university, after they met in Egypt while Grant was helping with an outbreak of cholera in the 1860s.\nGrant then assisted Dixon with the exploration of the Great Pyramid, where they discovered the relics in 1872.\nDuring this time, Dixon gave the cedar wood to Grant and it remained in his possession until his death in 1895, when the rest of his collections were then donated to the University of Aberdeen.\nHowever, the wooden splints remained with his daughter until 1946 when she then handed them over to the university.\nThere was no classified record of this donation and so there was no official record of the artefact being stored there among the hundreds of thousands of other pieces of history stored in various collections.\nWho discovered the missing piece in Aberdeen?\nIn 2001, a record indicating that the wood fragment may have been donated to the University of Aberdeen's museum collection was discovered.\nHowever, the record had never been classified and the artefacts never materialised, until they showed up in 2019.\nWhile Egyptian researcher and curatorial assistant Abeer Eladany, was sorting through the Asia collection at the university, she recognised a cigar tin with the former Egyptian flag on it.\nAfter cross-referencing the fragments inside with other records, she recognised them as the missing artefact.\nThe archaeologist, originally from Egypt, said of her discovery: ”I'm an archaeologist and have worked on digs in Egypt but I never imagined it would be here in north-east Scotland that I'd find something so important to the heritage of my own country.\n\"It may be just a small fragment of wood, which is now in several pieces, but it is hugely significant given that it is one of only three items ever to be recovered from inside the Great Pyramid.\n“The university’s collections are vast – running to hundreds of thousands of items – so looking for it has been like finding a needle in a haystack. I couldn’t believe it when I realised what was inside this innocuous-looking cigar tin.”\nDespite the artefacts being discovered in 2019, coronavirus held up the dating of the wood, but results now show it can be dated to somewhere in the period 3341-3094BC.\nWhat is the Pyramid of Giza?\nThe Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in a complex bordering Giza in Greater Cairo, Egypt.\nDating back to around 3000 B.C., it is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, as well as the only one still remaining as it appeared thousands of years ago.\nIt originally stood 146.5 metres high, making it the tallest man-made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years - until the Lincoln Cathedral was built in 1311.\nThe pyramid is made up of three chambers - the Lower Chamber, the Queen’s Chamber and the King’s Chamber.\nIt was initially thought that the pyramid was built for Pharaoh Khufu - however, the dating of the cedar wood artefact could call this into question as they are thought to date back to 500 years before Khufu was born.\nWhy is the discovery so important?\nThe new dating of the cedar wood raises questions about the history of the pyramid, as they date back to some 500 years earlier than it was believed the Egyptian pyramid was built.\nThe pyramid is the last Wonder of the Ancient World which is largely intact and the relics are one of only three remaining original objects from the time the pyramid was built.\nNeil Curtis, head of museums and special collections at the University of Aberdeen, said: \"Finding the missing Dixon relic was a surprise but the carbon dating has also been quite a revelation.\n\"It is even older than we had imagined. This may be because the date relates to the age of the wood, maybe from the centre of a long-lived tree.\n\"Alternatively, it could be because of the rarity of trees in ancient Egypt, which meant that wood was scarce, treasured and recycled or cared for over many years.\n\"This discovery will certainly reignite interest in the Dixon relics and how they can shed light on the Great Pyramid.\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line792447"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5275562405586243,"wiki_prob":0.47244375944137573,"text":"DACHSER continues to provide highly efficient transport solutions to its valued customers in India.\nThe dedicated rake of containers carrying aluminum silos to be used in the petrochemical industry were imported from the Netherlands and are a part of a three month long project, expected to be completed by September 2019. Around 350 FEUs are estimated to be shipped over this period of time. The containers were shipped from the Netherlands to Mundra Port where it gets loaded onto the train to Ludhiana ICD and covered their last leg to the destination by truck.\nDachser India handled a port-to-door shipment with multi-model transportation.\nCommenting on the momentous occasion, Huned Gandhi, Managing Director, Air & Sea Logistics for the Indian Subcontinent, said “Our highly experienced teams at Dachser have once again designed an efficient multi-modal transport solution for a time bound project cargo”\n“The credit also goes to all the stakeholders associated with the project at different stages and the ocean freight colleagues in Delhi and Netherlands for their intense involvement and close coordination for completing such a humongous assignment successfully”, he added.\nOptimizing the balance sheet\nAt DACHSER, focusing on the importance of competitive criteria such as providing efficient, cost-effective, reliable and convenient trade routes to our valued customers and business partners are always a priority, and this achievement serves as a testimony to the same.\n“The Port-to-Door service will surely help in optimizing the balance sheet of our customer which is at the heart of the DACHSER mission”, said Narayan Shankar, Head of Ocean Freight Indian Subcontinent.\nThe team is highly motivated by the achievement, and we are looking forward to the successful accomplishment of the entire project and to provide this service to more customers in the future, Shankar explained.\n\"Preserving the good, increasing agility\"\nBurkhard Eling has been at the helm of family-owned DACHSER as CEO since January 1. He also marks the start of the next generation on the Executive Board. Burkhard Eling on a strong team and upcoming challenges.\nOperational disruptions at the port of Hamburg cause backlogs\nWith this update, DACHSER would like to inform you that port operations in Hamburg are currently affected in their flow due to various factors.\nThe current situation of congestion in the northern and western ports has become even more acute in Hamburg. The deployment of the explosive ordnance disposal service twice to defuse World War II bombs in construction areas, together with a demonstration by climate activists which led to the temporary closure of an important access road last week, are causing disruptions in handling operations.\nPlease note that this is causing significant delays at all operational interfaces in the port of Hamburg area and has created a backlog that will continue for some time.\nFor detailed information on possible impacts on your current shipments, please contact your local DACHSER representative.\nCOVID-19 pandemic: Impact on operational processing in the USA\nAs can already be seen from various press releases, the US authorities have enforced a ban with effect from 13 March 2020, 23:59 h, which prevents all entries from Europe into the United States, in addition to the already existing entry ban for visitors from several Asian countries.\nThis leads to a large number of flight cancellations on routes between Europe and the United States. However, the affected passenger routes also represent a significant portion of the available cargo capacity and therefore there is a massive impact on available cargo space and freight rates.\nOur team of experts continues to work hard on alternative options and routes that will allow us to carry urgent cargo and we are committed to providing our customers with priority access to available capacity. As with the successful implementation of our charter program between China and Germany, we are now exploring similar solutions for transportation between Germany and the USA.\nOur teams around the world will stay in touch with you, but please do not hesitate to get in touch with your contact at the respective DACHSER branch to discuss your particular situation and make further arrangements for your freight shipments.\nSea freight: update on the global situation\nDue to the ongoing disruption of the sea freight market, the after-effects (container shortages and frequent port congestion) continue to impact global supply chains. Below, we provide an update on all developments to minimize potential disruptions to your business.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line712648"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7208843231201172,"wiki_prob":0.7208843231201172,"text":"Home Culture Scott Miller A Performer Who Performs\nScott Miller A Performer Who Performs\nUsually the opening act's primary purpose is to warm up the audience, and that task is assigned to the lesser performer.But the Friday night (May 6) performance of Scott Miller and Steve Forbet at Rams Head OnStage proved, sometimes it's the name in smaller print who proves to be the showstopper. Yes, I know Forbet has the bigger name literally and figuratively and the big following of fans who were gratified to see him perform such old favorites as “Romeo's Tune “ (Billboard #11 of the top 100 in 1980) and “Blinked Once”, but if they were really listening to what they were hearing Friday night, they'd realize Forbets' voice has unfortunately deteriorated.\nMeanwhile Miller, who by his own humble mannerisms presents himself as a “supporting player” has continued to cultivate a voice which serves as a finely tuned instrument hitting the high and low notes with grace and clarity. True enough, Miller at age 43 is 14 years younger than Forbet, but many singer continue to flourish well past middle age, depending on their lifestyle and their vocal training and approach Both performers Friday evening are master songwriters who have many albums under their belt, and both performers play the harmonica and an acoustic guitar as their musical accompaniments, but it is Scott Miller who delivers a fine musical stage performance in a day and age when there is so much of music can be technologically enhanced in the recording studio.\nHaving listened to Miller's Latest album recorded with the Commonwealth Band, entitled “For Crying Out Loud,” I was not prepared for the power and beauty of his solo performance. Songs like “I Made a Mess of This Town” and “Amtrak Crescent “from his 2003 “Upside Down album, had me tapping my toes, while “Los Sientos Spanishburg West Virginia” was witty and lovely to listen to. Other selections included . “Good Night You Loser,” from the days when Johnson sang with the VRoys Band,, reprised as a solo, and the spiritual lament “Is there Room on the Cross for Me?”\nMiller is planning on releasing a new album, and perhaps some of those songs I enjoyed, but couldn't trace as being currently available, will be included on this new CD slated for fall.\nArts+Entertainment In Print The Arts Year Issued: 2011 Month Issued: 05","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1303569"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6913787722587585,"wiki_prob":0.6913787722587585,"text":"Nestled in the Flint Hills alongside the Neosho River, Council Grove received its name August 10, 1825, when the US Commissioners met with Chiefs of the Great and Little Osage Indian tribes beneath a tree later named the “Council Oak”, to sign the first treaty establishing the right-of-way for the famed Santa Fe Trail. In the years following, Council Grove became the pre-eminent rendezvous point for wagon trains heading west.\nIt was at Council Grove that small wagon trains and individual travelers gathered to form large wagon trains, since Council Grove was the furthest west point to which they could safely travel alone or in small groups. Also, at Council Grove was the last stand of hardwood timber from which wagon repairs could be made. However, the first permanent settlement in Council Grove did not occur until Seth Hays, great-grandson of the famed Kentucky frontiersman Daniel Boone, established a trading post here in 1847. With the arrival of the railroad, the last Santa Fe wagon train passed through Council Grove in 1866, and the town became a trade center for the local agricultural economy. Today small industries, an active retail community and tourism form a large part of the local economy.\nA town of a little over 2,200 residents, Council Grove proudly boasts its many historic sites, more than 24 of which have attained national recognition. The nearby Council Grove City Lake and Council Grove Federal Reservoir attract fishermen, boaters, and campers from everywhere. The Kaw Mission State Historic Site in Council Grove and the Kaw Nation’s Allegawaho Memorial Heritage Park (about 3.5 miles southeast of Council Grove), are dedicated to telling the story of the Kaw (or Kansa) Indian Tribe, whose reservation was located here from 1847 to 1873.\nLearn More about Council Grove.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line994756"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.738438606262207,"wiki_prob":0.26156139373779297,"text":"Title: The Pieces We Keep\nAuthor: Kristina McMorris\nPublication Information: Kensington Books. 2013. 464 pages.\nFavorite Quote: \"She had learned there was more to our world than what any of us could see or fully comprehend. That's when it hit her. Maybe heaven was much like a lake at dawn, offering a different view depending on the person. Maybe heaven entailed more than a soul residing in a single place but instead having pieces of yourself spread among the hearts and memories of the people you touched.\"\nThe time is 2012. The place is Portland, Oregon. Audra is a single mother, still trying to recover from the devastating death of her husband Devon. She is attempting to rebuild a life for herself and her seven year old son Jack. Meredith and Robert are Devon's parents attempting to hold on to their son's memory and their grandson. Jack is suffering from fears and anxiety. The fear is manifesting itself in nightmares, disturbing artwork, and other psychological impact. Are these a ramification of Devon's death or is it something else?\nThe time is the late 1930s. The place is London, England. Vivian James is a young woman enjoying her life. Isaak is the young man she is seeing. Life seems to be good, but Europe rumbles with thoughts of war and Nazis. What will war mean for these young lovers?\nWhat do these stories have in common? The book tells both stories in alternating sections, moving forward piece by piece. Is Jack still reeling from Devon's death? Will Vivian leave Europe as her diplomat father wants her to? Is Jack disturbed? Is Isaak and his love for Vivian genuine? Is Audra somehow responsible for her son's condition? Will Vivian create a new life for herself in the US?\nWho to trust and what to believe? Gradually, the pieces start to draw closer and closer. The individual characters and stories are developed beautifully such that each is complete onto itself. Each section leaves the reader wanting to know what comes next. Yet, the book also keeps you guessing at the exact connection between the two.\nFor its length, the book is a very quick read. Each section is not long, and the structure adds to the drama of the story and the questions in the story. This is the first book I have read by Kristina McMorris. I will seek out more.\nSome Nerve: Lessons Learned While Becoming Brave\nTitle: Some Nerve: Lessons Learned While Becoming Brave\nAuthor: Patty Chang Anker\nPublication Information: Riverhead. 2013. 368 pages.\nBook Source: I received this book through the LibraryThing Early Reviewers program free of cost in exchange for an honest review. The book arrived as a paperback uncorrected proof.\nFavorite Quote: \"The thing is, fear serves a function .... You can't just say 'Fear, go away!' and expect it to. You need to ask 'Fear, why are you here? What are you trying to protect me from? Is it something I need protection for? Or is it a response to a situation that resolved years ago or that maybe even happened to somebody else?' If so, you can recognize the fear for what it is and say that this isn't necessary anymore.\"\nPatty Chang Anker is the creator of the blog Facing Forty Upside Down and the mother of two daughters. Close to her fortieth birthday, she undertook a mission to try things she never had before and to overcome some of her fears in order to be a better role model for her daughters. Along her journey, she met and learned from other people facing similar fears. So, she set out to learn more and see if her input could help others conquer their own fears.\nThis book is a compilation of her research and her experiences. She includes numerous stories from friends and people she has met along the way. She also includes information gathered from therapists and other experts who can shed light on this journey.\nOverall, the stories are interesting, and most people can find things to relate to - whether in the fact that we overcome a fear or in the fact that we feel the fear. Two things I feel are missing for the book. First, the fears that the book addresses are pragmatic ones - fear of water, public speaking, heights, and even death. An entire world of fears exist that are just as common but less concrete - fear of loss, abandonment, etc - and not surmountable by doing what scares you. Overcoming those fears is also a key element of becoming brave. I wish that book addressed at least some aspect of these more nebulous fears.\nSecond, the book has a very pragmatic tone. The book presents evidence and data from many different sources and tells many different stories. The number of stories decreases the level of depth in any one story. I would have preferred fewer, but in depth stories that delve deeper into the process. Overcoming any fear is very much an emotional journey, and I wish the book conveyed that emotion in a stronger way.\nI Am Malala\nTitle: I Am Malala\nAuthor: Malala Yousafzai with Christina Lamb\nPublication Information: Little, Brown and Company; Hachette Book Group. 2013. 327 pages.\nBook Source: I read this book because I want to read and learn from Malala's story.\nFavorite Quote: \"On the shelves of our living room are awards from around the world - America, India, France, Spain, Italy, and Austria, and many other places. I've even been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, the youngest person ever. When I received prizes for my work at school I was happy, as I had worked hard for them but these prizes are different. I am grateful for them, but they only remind me how much work still needs to be done1 to achieve the goal of education for every boy and girl. I don't want to be thought of as the 'girl who was shot by the Taliban' but the 'girl who fought for education.'\"\nIt is difficult to be tuned into the news recently and not have heard the story of Malala Yousafzai, a young woman in the northern regions of Pakistan who spoke out for education, was shot by the Taliban, and has become a world celebrity. She is now the youngest person in the world to ever be nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize.\nThis book is her story, and through her story, a history of the northern part of Pakistan and somewhat a history of the fight for education. The culmination of the book, of course, is the event that brought Malala worldwide attention. The bulk of the book builds the background of the situation that leads to her shooting.\nI was actually not sure I wanted to read the book. It sat on my night stand for a week before I read it. Not because I do not want to share in her story, but rather because I was not sure how the story would be told. Would it be a medium for publicity? Would it be the voice of the adult co-author instead of this young woman? Would a reader be able to read the book as a book and not get bogged down in political statements? Would the book be her story or a way of depicting history and politics? Would the book be a one-sided view of Pakistan and its people? An article that appeared in The Washington Post captures my concern: \"It can sometimes feel as if the entire West were trying to co-opt Malala, as if to tell ourselves: \"Look, we're with the good guys, we're on the right side. The problem is over there.\" Sometimes the heroes we appoint to solve our problems can say as much about us as about them. Malala's answer is courage. Our answer is celebrity.\" (Max Fisher. \"The Nobel committee did Malala a favor in passing her over for the peace prize.\" The Washington Post, October 11, 2013)\nSurprisingly, the book does a good job of balancing the personal story of Malala and her family and the history and unsettled political climate of the Swat Valley. To me, the book projects the voices of both authors - a young woman coming through life altering changes and an experienced journalist investigating a part of the world. This history covered goes beyond Malala's young life, presenting background through the stories of her father and the generations before. Her voice comes through as that of a young woman - stories of arguing with siblings, spending time with friends, and longing for a home that remains out of reach. \"Over the last year I've seen many other places, but my valley remains to me the most beautiful place in the world. I don't know when I will see it again, but I know that I will.\"\nThe issue of eduction is a global issue. Malala's story is only one of so many more. I hope this book and the fact that her story caught the world's attention leads to real global changes and efforts to help all the children. I hope that Malala is always known as the \"girl who fought for education.\"\nLabels: 2010s, 300-399 pages, 4 stars, Memoir/Biography, review\nThe Explanation for Everything\nTitle: The Explanation for Everything\nAuthor: Lauren Grodstein\nBook Source: I received this book through the LibraryThing Early Reviewers program free of cost in exchange for an honest review. The book came as a paperback advance reading copy.\nFavorite Quote: \"As long as we're on this earth we should do right by other people. Especially those who have been good to us.\"\nAndy Waite is a widowed father raising his two daughters. He is still attempting to reconcile with the loss of his wife six years ago. He is a college professor who has built his life and his career around the theory of evolution.\nEnter into the picture Melissa. Melissa is a student who wishes to study intelligent design, a idea that suggests that certain aspects of our world cannot be explained by evolution and natural selection but rather by the hand of a designer. Melissa convinces Andy to direct her study even though their views conflict.\nI feel that the intent of the book is to look at the philosophical discussion of evolution versus creation especially at times of difficulty or tragedy. To me, however, it's a sad book about a man attempting to reconcile the sadness in his life. He loses his wife in a tragic way; yet, the moral dilemma of the existence of something beyond death comes six years later? He builds his career and work around one central idea, but calls it all into question based on the work of one student? He is a father of two attempting to build a life for his daughters, but he puts it at risk for a young woman?\nThe motivations and actions do not ring true. Andy Waite comes across as a man lost in his own life, somewhat sad and directionless. As such, the book's intent to raise a discussion about philosophical issues seems to lose direction in the individual characters.\nThe Light in the Ruins\nTitle: The Light in the Ruins\nAuthor: Chris Bohjalian\nPublication Information: DoubleDay. 2013. 320 pages.\nBook Source: I read this book because I have read other books by the author and enjoyed some of them (The Night Strangers and The Sandcastle Girls).\nFavorite Quote: \"We make compromises. We look the other way. Then, when it's over, we can't look at ourselves in the mirror.\"\nThe Light in the Ruins is a story of World War II as it comes to Italy and a story of a war vendetta carried out about ten year later. The story moves back and forth between the two time periods, slowly revealing bits and pieces about the characters and the events that transpired.\nThe story centers around the Rosati family. During the war, the Rosatis live on their estate, the Villa Chimera near Florence. Two brothers, Vittore and Marco, serve in the war. Eighteen year old Cristina, along with her parents and Marco's wife and children, live at Villa Chimera. The hope is that the war will end before it truly reaches them. Unfortunately, that is not to be. Italy becomes a battleground, as the Allies reach near, Germany makes a stand, and the Italian partisans fight in the nearby hills. The Rosatis are caught up in the fighting, becoming host to both the Nazis and the partisans.\nTen years later, Francesca, Marco's wife is found brutally murdered in Florence. The police investigate. One of the investigators, Serafina Bettina, was one of the partisans during the war and discovers her own link to the Rosatis.\nThe book continues with the story from both time periods. Interspersed throughout the thoughts or words of the killer, possibly to provide hints as to the killer's identity and motive. The suspense builds in both time periods throughout the book as the killings and the investigation continue, and as the war comes closer and touches Villa Chimera. Chris Bohjalian's writing brings both time periods and the characters to life.\nMost of Chris Bohjalian's books have an unexpected ending, one that makes you look back through the book to see if you could have seen it coming. With this book, the unfortunate thing is that you could not have seen it coming. The ending and the resolution was almost tangential to the main story built throughout the book. As a reader, that takes some of the fun out of it. It's one thing to be surprised. It's quite another to feel that it was almost unrelated. Still, the writing is enjoyable.\nTitle: Cloud Atlas\nAuthor: David Mitchell\nPublication Information: Random House Trade Paperbacks, The Random House Publishing Group, Random House Inc. 2004. 500 pages.\nBook Source: This book is required summer reading for the Advanced Placement English class at our high school. I read it because I wanted to see what our school will be teaching.\nFavorite Quote: \"Every nowhere is somewhere.\"\nI have to admit. I finished reading this book a while ago. I have taken this time to dwell on it, reread passages, think about it some more, and really consider how I describe it. Reading this book, I feel, will be an intensely personal experience. This book will not work for everyone. For me, it did.\nFrom its description, the book is a set of six loosely related stories. Each is set in a different time and place. Each is written in an entirely different style. The first is the journal of a traveler. The second is letters from a young musician. The third is the story of a young reporter and big business. The fourth is the adventure of a publisher institutionalized because of illness. The fifth is the tale of a futuristic world of clones and slavery. The sixth comes full circle to life on a primitive post-apocalyptic island.\nThe stories are not told in their entirety, instead in halves. They build from the first to the sixth and then weave their way back. The first set of sections stop rather abruptly and at a climatic moment. Only the story of the post-apocalyptic world is told in one go. As such, it forms the crux of the novel.\nBased on the description, I was not sure I was going to enjoy the book. As I read the first section, I wasn't sure I would like it. Yet, I kept reading. The writing styles of certain sections appealed to me more so than others. Slowly, though, themes start to emerge in the book - statements of ideology and philosophy - and it coalesces into a whole. The book is one about human nature, power, control, and the past being redefined to suit the needs of the future. These themes repeat throughout the book:\nFrom the traveler's journal: \"Scholars discern motions in history & formulate these motions into rules that govern the rises & falls of civilizations. My belief runs contrary, however. To wit: history admits no rules, only outcomes. What precipitates outcomes? Vicious acts and virtuous act. What precipitates acts? Belief. Belief is both prize & battlefield, within the mind & in the mind's mirror, the world.\"\nFrom the musician's letters: \"Wars do not combust without warning. They begin as little fires over the horizon. Wars approach ... Another war is always coming, Robert. They are never properly extinguished. What sparks wars? The will to power, the backbone of human nature. The threat of violence, the fear of violence, or actual violence is the instrument of this dreadful will ... The nation-state is merely human nature inflated to monstrous proportions. QED, nations are entities whose laws are written by violence.\"\nFrom the reporter's story: \"Yet how is it some men attain mastery over others while the vast majority live and die as minions, as livestock? The answer is a holy trinity. First: God-given gifts of charisma. Second: the discipline to nurture these gifts to maturity, for though humanity's topsoil is fertile with talent, only one seed in ten thousand will every flower - for want of discipline ... Third: the will to power. This is the enigma at the core of the various destinies of men. What drives some to accrue power where the majority of the compatriots lose, mishandle, or eschew power? Is it addiction? Wealth? Survival? Natural selection? I propose these are all pretexts and results, not the root cause. The only answer can be 'There is no \"Why.\" This is our nature.' 'Who' and 'What' run deeper than 'Why.'\"\nFrom the publisher's tale: \"Mother used to say escape is never further than the nearest book. Well, Mumsy, no, not really .... Books don't offer real escape, but they can stop a mind scratching itself raw.\"\n[Okay, I know this has nothing to do with the themes, but I love comments in books about books.]\nFrom the future world: \"In a cycle as old as tribalism, ignorance of the Other engenders fear; fear engenders hatred; hatred engenders violence; violence engenders further violence until only \"rights,\" the only law, are whatever is willed by the most powerful.\"\nFrom the post-apocalyptic world: \"Human hunger birthed the Civ'lize, but human hunger killed it too.\"\nWhat I found amazing was how completely David Mitchell is able to change his writing style from section to section. Each section is like reading a completely different book - the voice, the language, the writing style, the descriptions - pretty much everything about the story. I feel that David Mitchell describes his own work within the book. \"Spent the fortnight gone in the music room, reworking my year's fragments into a \"sextet for overlapping soloists\": piano, clarinet, 'cello, flute, oboe, and violin, each in its own language of key, scale, and color. In the first set, each solo is interrupted by its successor: in the second: each interruption is recontinued, in order. Revolutionary or gimmicky? Shan't know until it's too late, and by then it'll be too late.\"\nI vote revolutionary. I did not expect to like this book, but I did. I expected to toil through it, and through some sections, I did. The themes and the ideas of this book will stay with me for a long time, and I can see myself periodically rereading.\nThe Execution of Noa P. Singleton\nTitle: The Execution of Noa P. Singleton\nAuthor: Elizabeth L. Silver\nPublication Information: Crown Publishers, Crown Publishing Group, Random House Inc. 2013. 320 pages.\nBook Source: I read this book because it sounded like it has an interesting premise.\nFavorite Quote: \"When you try to find the answer or explanation for a law, a scientific discovery, a tumor, and you can't identify its reasons, then you just cut it out. Surgically remove anything potentially cantankerous. Cauterize society around it so that we'll never know the real answer.\"\nNoa P. Singleton is a death row inmate, convicted of capital murder. As the reader meets her, she has been on death row for many years and is now a short time away from her execution date. Enter into the picture - two attorneys - one who is young and idealistic and one who happens to be the mother of Noa's victim. Through Noa's recollections, the book brings the reader through her life, particularly the months prior to the crime.\nThe characters in this are not likable. Noa appears to have no interest in her own life or trying to save it. Marlene is a grieving mother, but as the book slowly reveals, her motives go beyond that grief. Noa's family includes her mother who has not reached out to her since her arrest and conviction and her father who was absent for most of her life.\nThe premise of the book is a strong one, dealing with issues like capitol punishment and the impact childhood has on adult life. Unfortunately, the execution of that premise is lacking for two primary reasons.\nFirst, the author's writing style, particularly some of the descriptions, distract from the story itself. For example, papers and evidence \"eviscerate, peeling into orange curls and blackened petals in the crematorium of dead documents\". A beating heart is described as \"the beat of those four musicians ... making their own metronome of quarter notes, eighth notes, half notes\". Rather than adding to the story, these descriptions seem out of place.\nSecond, the first half of the book builds a storyline with Noa, her relationship with her father, and the events surrounding her crime, and her lack of interest in saving her own life. Unfortunately, the resolution and the \"reveal\" of Noa's motivations for her actions goes in a completely different direction. Without a spoiler, let me just say it was a disappointment.\nBellman & Black\nTitle: Bellman & Black\nAuthor: Diane Setterfield\nFavorite Quote: \"The things a man does not think about can incubate in him without benefit of conscious attention.\"\nThe short description of this book says that it is the story of William\nBellman and how one action in his childhood has ramifications throughout his life. The subtitle of the book is \"A Ghost Story.\" The book does not live up to that description and ends up in an entirely different place.\nAs a young man, William kills a rook with a slingshot. The reference to rooks appears throughout the book as a symbol in or commentary on the direction of William's life. As William grows up, his business sense leads to great wealth and great power. His personal life begins on a positive note. He is young, smart, and handsome. Life brings him love and success.\nTragedy falls and brings with it a bargain between William and a man named Black. That bargain leads to a new business and even greater professional success. Yet, what of his personal life? As William's success grows, what is the parallel impact on his person and his personal life?\nTo me, this entire book just simmers and never truly finds its grip. The anticipation of a big moment exists throughout the book; yet, the moment never comes. The book is called a ghost story, but it is not quite that. The book is based on the ramifications of a cruel childhood action, but the impact seems exaggerated. The book is about a mysterious bargain in a desperate moment, but that does not end up where you expect. The book in some descriptions is classified as horror, but it is not that other than the macabre business that William Bellman ends up in. The book in some descriptions is classified as historical fiction, but it not that either other than the descriptions that evoke a time and place. In other words, the book could have been a lot of things, but it never quite gets there.\nThe descriptions even the extensive ones about the Bellman business are enjoyable to read, and the dark somber atmosphere is created well and held through the bulk of the book. Thus, what saves the book is Diane Setterfield's writing.\nThe Ocean at the End of the Lane\nTitle: The Ocean at the End of the Lane\nAuthor: Neil Gaiman\nPublication Information: HarperCollins Publishers Inc. 2013. 182 pages.\nBook Source: I read this book because I have seen so much publicity about this author's work but never read anything by him.\nFavorite Quote: \"Different people remember things differently, and you'll not get any two people to remember anything the same, whether they were there or not. You stand two of you lot next to each other, and you could be continents away for all it means anything.\"\nThe Ocean at the End of the Lane is pure fantasy. The author intended for it be a short story, but the story evolved into a novel. The book pulls the reader into its world and does not let go.\nA man returns to the place of his childhood for a funeral and takes a trip down memory lane. His home is no longer there, but he visits a neighbor's home - the family of a childhood friend. From there, the story is a reflection back into his childhood.\nHe grew up on a farm with his parents and sister. A lonely quiet seven year old boy. His family struggles with money. He becomes friendly with a young girl, Lettie, who lives with her grandmother and mother at the end of the lane.\nFrom there, the story draws the reader into a world of creatures from another world, of good and evil, of friendship and sacrifice. There are allusions to traditions honoring women, mythology, and mysticism. Fantasy creeps into reality and leaves you wondering what is read. The tale is a dark one, but the ultimate message is about friendship and childhood memories.\nThis is a short book and a very quick read. What I love about this book is how visual it is. It feels like watching a story unfold not just reading one. I also enjoy the fact that it leaves you wondering what to believe. The boy in this book is a reader and his words describe this book for me: \"I liked myths. They weren't adult stories and they weren't children's stories. They were better than that. They just were.\"\nTitle: Heartburn\nAuthor: Norah Ephron\nPublication Information: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 1983. 153 pages.\nFavorite Quote: \"Why do you feel you have to turn everything into a story? ... Because if I tell the story, I control the version. Because if I tell the story, I can make you laugh, and I would rather have you laugh at me than feel sorry for me. Because if I tell the story, it doesn't hurt as much. Because if I tell the story, I can get on with it.\"\nRachel Sampstat is a cookbook author, a wife, and her mother. Mark Feldman is a syndicated columnist and Rachel's husband. The book begins as Rachel, seven months pregnant, learns that her husband is having an affair and has been for several months.\nWhat ensues through the rest of the story are different reflections on relationships through Rachel and Mark's stories and the stories of the couples around them. What keeps people together? What drives them apart? Can you move beyond a betrayal like infidelity?\nThe emotions and complicated relationships in this book are real life - sometimes clear and sometimes a jumbled mess. Some parts of the book are funny, but to me, the sadness emerges more so than the humor.\nThe book's pace is somewhat frantic. To me, it adds to the sadness, leaving an impression of \"if you run fast enough, you can outrun your own emotions\". Written from Rachel's point of view, the book seems to flit between her varied thoughts and sometimes goes in all different directions - her first marriage, her husband's infidelity, the Washington DC political scene, friends, recipes, her parents, and other things. Sometimes it is like following a really long monologue without any given thread becoming fully developed.\nThis book was made into a movie starring Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson. Usually, I prefer the books over the movies. With that cast and the nature of the story, this one may be better as a movie. I guess I will have to watch and decide.\nLabels: 1980s, 199 and under, 2 stars, Book Club, Fiction, review\nSongs of Willow Frost\nTitle: Songs of Willow Frost\nAuthor: Jamie Ford\nPublication Information: Ballantine Books, The Random House Publishing Group, Random House, Inc. 2013. 331 pages.\nBook Source: I read this book based on how much I enjoyed the author's first book, Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet.\nFavorite Quote: \"The uncomfortable truth is that no one is all bad, or all good. Not mother and fathers, sons and daughters, or husbands and wives. Life would be much easier if that were the case. Instead, everyone ... was a confusing mix of love and hate, joy and sorrow, longing and forgetting, misguided truth and painful deception.\"\nWillow Frost is a Chinese American actress. William Eng is a twelve year old Chinese American boy living in an orphanage. He has lived there for five years since his mother's body was carried away from their apartment in Seattle. He remembers a life before; he remembers his mother's love.\nOne day, as a special treat, the orphanage children are taken to the movies. He sees Willow Frost on the screen and believes that she is his mother, Liu Song, even though he has believed that she died. He and his friend Charlotte, a young blind resident of the orphanage, run away to find Willow Frost.\nThe story continues with William's, Charlotte's, but most of all Willow Frost's story. The reader learns a story of abuse, loss, love, betrayal, and the difficult choice of a parent. Set in the twenties and the Depression, it becomes also a story of the times and the struggles of people who could not provide for their children. The historical references to the early days of the film industry and events like the massacre at Seattle Wah Mee Club provide the backdrop to this story.\nThe book is predictable - the story of William's birth, Charlotte's story, even the ending. The other incongruous note in the book is that William and Charlotte are so young. Yet, the insight the characters show is well beyond their years. You might say that this makes the book somewhat unrealistic or you might choose to say that the traumatic experiences of their children makes them older than their chronological age. I choose to go with the latter interpretation.\nThe bottom line is that Jamie Ford weaves such an emotionally gripping tale that the other things don't matter. The emotions hit you even as you anticipate them. The age of the characters ceases to matter as you feel their sense of pain and abandonment and even joy.\nLoved Jamie Ford's first book. Loved this one. Can't wait to see what comes next.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line669115"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.623792827129364,"wiki_prob":0.376207172870636,"text":"Israeli Ground Invasion an Aggressive Action\nby Kennedy Graham\nMy comment a week ago on the Israel-Gaza situation occasioned considerable comment, supportive and critical. No surprise; on such an important and sensitive issue, personal opinions run deep, including mine.\nComments in support take the long view – advocate a political re-alignment that reduces the US role as biased mediator; strengthen in various ways the UN capacity to take and enforce decisions and act as mediator; encourage judicial settlement; and explore the avenue of non-violence (Gandhi-style) and reconciliation (Mandela-style).\nCritical responses take the short view – stand in protest against the atrocities that are occurring from the Israeli rain of death; protect the right of Hamas to fight against occupation and suppression.\nBoth views are fair, and they are not necessarily inconsistent. The criticism that has been advanced is not only from the Palestinian side but also the Israeli side. The 4th principle in the Green Charter is non-violent conflict resolution. This requires a preparedness to maintain dialogue with all parties to a dispute, irrespective of the competing merit of their claims.\nA few years ago, I commenced the formation of NZ-Palestine MP friendship group, and am in regular contact with the Palestinian ambassador to NZ (in Canberra). I remain a member of the NZ-Israel MP friendship group, and have asked the Israeli ambassador (in Wellington) to meet me to explain what he takes to be the moral-political-legal justification for his country’s actions.\nOver the past week, what has occurred? Some 223 Palestinian deaths, 1 Israeli death, a failed ceasefire agreement. Hamas rocket attacks and Israeli bombing, both in violation of international law.\nAnd now, overnight, an Israeli ground invasion.\nNot even this is new. Israel invaded in January ’09. That occasioned a UN report headed by esteemed South African jurist, Richard Goldstone. The report’s findings are worth revisiting:\n– Israeli forces potentially committed war crimes when they launched attacks on civilians with no justifiable military objective.\n– Israel has potentially committed the crime of persecution, a crime against humanity, by denying Palestinians in the Gaza Strip of their means of subsistence, employment, housing and water, limiting their freedom of movement, and limiting their access to a court of law and an effective remedy.\n– There have been serious human rights violations, including arbitrary arrests and extra-judicial executions of Palestinians by the authorities in Gaza and by the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank.\n– As a result of the attacks, Gaza inhabitants have suffered materially (because of the destruction of food supplies, water sanitation systems, and housing) as well as from immense trauma.\n– Palestinian armed groups committed war crimes, as well as possibly crimes against humanity, in their repeated launching of rockets and mortars into southern Israel\nSo, not much has changed. There will be no end in sight to this conflict as long as there is a relationship of oppressed – oppressor in Israel and Palestine. Israel has a right to exist, peacefully and securely, but they will not find this in the sustained brutal and dehumanising oppression of Palestinians.\nThere will be no end in sight as long as the only options open to Hamas are surrender or resistance. The accord between the Palestinian Authority and Hamas went some way to recognising the legitimacy of discontent of each. I say this not to offer support for all policies of each, but to reiterate that, although the struggles and opinions of some might stir distaste, the grievances of a people deserve to be heard with open ears, and engaged with respectfully.\nHamas has articulated three demands: the release of political prisoners who were released in a prisoner-swap last year, but subsequently rearrested; the opening of border crossings between Israel and Gaza to allow movement of civilians and goods; international supervision of the Gaza seaport, in place of the current Israeli blockade.\nNone of these is extremist; none would harm Israel. But they would require that Israel give up some power and control, and it is this to which Israel clings in its hopes of being a secure nation. That is an illusory stance, disproved by historical experience.\nI do not think that power over others will ever lead to lasting peace for Israel. Work needs to be done to build mutual respect for the lives and livelihoods of Palestinians, and Israelis. This will need an abundance of empathy, and a re-humanising of each in the other’s eyes.\nI have personally heard abusive language of each other from both Palestinians and Israelis in my time living in Jordan. The world has an obligation to fight these sorts of perceptions.\nI do not condone violence by anyone, ever. But we must recognise the violence of Hamas for what it is – a desperate attempt at resistance by an oppressed people. And so following, we must recognise Israel’s violence for what it is – not the right to self-defence, but a continuation of oppression and systemic violence.\nBoth are crimes, and both require condemnation. But in the longer term, it requires a political realignment, and refashioning of mind-set perhaps on all our parts, before a settlement is achieved, and peace finally secured.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line775443"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7444097399711609,"wiki_prob":0.2555902600288391,"text":"PDG Hires New Government Affairs Policy Associate\nShane Palmer has joined the team at the Peter Damon Group in the new role of Government Affairs Policy Associate. A Virginia native, Palmer holds a bachelor’s degree in government & international politics with a concentration in public policy and administration from George Mason University. His passion for effective policy and interest in government affairs were honed through internships at Washington Premier Group, Mid-Tier Advocacy Group, and Information Technology Industry Council.\nPalmer’s appointment was effective September 7, 2021.\n700 12th Street, NW, Suite 700\nWebsite Designed by Sonnie Design","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1487477"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7350414991378784,"wiki_prob":0.2649585008621216,"text":"UTILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION\n[ Docket PL-120350 -- Filed October 24, 2012, 11:16 a.m. ]\n�����Original Notice.\n�����Preproposal statement of inquiry was filed as WSR 12-07-087.\n�����Title of Rule and Other Identifying Information: Chapter 480-75 WAC, Hazardous liquid pipelines -- Safety.\n�����Hearing Location(s): Commission's Hearing Room 206, Second Floor, Richard Hemstad Building, 1300 South Evergreen Park Drive S.W., Olympia, WA 98504-7250, on December 19, 2012, at 9:30 a.m.\n�����Date of Intended Adoption: December 19, 2012.\n�����Submit Written Comments to: Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission, P.O. Box 47250, Olympia, WA 98504-7250, e-mail records@utc.wa.gov, fax (360) 586-1150, by November 26, 2012. Please include Docket PL-120350 in your communication.\n�����Assistance for Persons with Disabilities: Contact Debbie Aguilar by November 26, 2012, TTY (360) 586-8203 or (360) 664-1132.\n�����Purpose of the Proposal and Its Anticipated Effects, Including Any Changes in Existing Rules: The 2011 legislature amended the underground utilities law, chapter 19.122 RCW. These changes take effect on January 1, 2013. This new law, assigned to the Washington utilities and transportation commission (commission), affects the commission's authority to enforce the underground utilities law as it relates to pipelines. The commission initiated this rule making to require hazardous liquid pipeline companies to report additional information about damage to their facilities caused by excavators that have violated the underground utilities law, and to provide to violators information about their rights under the revised law.\n�����Reasons Supporting Proposal: Proposed revisions will provide sufficient supplemental reporting and evidentiary records and documentation needed by the commission to sustain an action to enforce violations of chapter 19.122 RCW.\n�����Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 80.01.040(4), 81.01.010, 81.04.160, 81.88.040, 81.88.065, and sections 1, 2, and 5, chapter 142, Laws of 2007.\n�����Statute Being Implemented: Chapter 19.122 RCW.\n�����Rule is not necessitated by federal law, federal or state court decision.\n�����Name of Proponent: Washington utilities and transportation commission, governmental.\n�����Name of Agency Personnel Responsible for Drafting, Implementation and Enforcement: David W. Danner, 1300 South Evergreen Park Drive S.W., Olympia, WA 98504, (360) 664-1208.\n�����No small business economic impact statement has been prepared under chapter 19.85 RCW. The proposed rules will not result in or impose more than minor costs. Because there will not be more than minor increase in costs resulting from the proposed rule changes, a small business economic impact statement is not required under RCW 19.85.030(1).\n�����A cost-benefit analysis is not required under RCW 34.05.328. The commission is not an agency to which RCW 34.05.328 applies. The proposed rules are not significant legislative rules of the sort referenced in RCW 34.05.328(5).\nDavid W. Danner\nand Secretary\nAMENDATORY SECTION(Amending Docket PL-070974, General Order R-548, filed 5/30/08, effective 6/30/08)\nWAC 480-75-630 Incident reporting. (1) Each hazardous liquid pipeline company must give telephonic notice to the commission within two hours of discovery of an incident involving that company's pipeline, such as a release of a hazardous liquid, that results in:\n���� (a) A fatality;\n���� (b) Personal injury requiring hospitalization;\n���� (c) Fire or explosion not intentionally set by the pipeline company;\n���� (d) Spills of five gallons or more of product from the pipeline;\n���� (e) Damage to the property of the hazardous liquid pipeline company and others of a combined total cost exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars (automobile collisions and other equipment accidents not involving hazardous liquid or hazardous-liquid-handling equipment need not be reported under this rule);\n���� (f) A significant occurrence in the judgment of the hazardous liquid pipeline company, even though it does not meet the criteria of (a) through (e) of this subsection;\n���� (g) The news media reports the occurrence, even though it does not meet the criteria of (a) through (f) of this subsection.\n���� (2) Each hazardous liquid pipeline company that has an incident described in subsection (1) of this section shall send a written report to the commission within thirty calendar days of the incident. The report must include the following:\n���� (a) Name(s) and address(es) of any person or persons injured or killed or whose property was damaged;\n���� (b) The extent of injuries and damage;\n���� (c) A description of the incident including date, time, and place;\n���� (d) A description and maximum operating pressure of the pipeline implicated in the incident and the system operating pressure at the time of the incident;\n���� (e) The date and time the pipeline returns to safe operations; and\n���� (f) The date, time, and type of any temporary or permanent repair.\n���� (3) A hazardous liquid pipeline company must give the commission telephonic notification within twenty-four hours of emergency situations including emergency shutdowns, material defects, or physical damage that impairs the serviceability of the pipeline.\n���� (4) In the event of damage to a hazardous liquid pipeline, each hazardous liquid pipeline company must provide to the commission the following information using either the commission's web-based damage reporting tool or its successor, or the damage reporting form located on the commission's web site:\n���� (a) The reporting requirements set forth in RCW 19.122.053 (3)(a) through (n);\n���� (b) If the damage is believed by the company to be the result of an excavation conducted without a facilities locate first being completed, the hazardous liquid pipeline company must also report the name, address, and phone number of the person or entity that the company has reason to believe may have caused the damage. The company must include this information in the comment section of the web-based damage reporting tool form or sent to the commission separately. If the company chooses to send the information separately it must include sufficient information to allow the commission to link the name of the party believed to have caused the damage with the damage event reported through the damage reporting tool;\n���� (c) Each hazardous liquid pipeline company must retain all damage and damage claim records it creates related to damage events, including photographs and documentation supporting the conclusion that a facilities locate was not completed, reported under subsection (b) of this section for a period of two years and make those records available to the commission upon request.\n���� (5) Each hazardous liquid pipeline company must provide to an excavator who damages a hazardous liquid pipeline facility, the following information set forth in chapter 19.122 RCW:\n���� (a) Notification requirements for excavators under RCW 19.122.050(1);\n���� (b) A description of the excavator's responsibilities for reporting damages under RCW 19.122.053; and\n���� (c) Information concerning the safety committee referenced under RCW 19.122.130, including committee contact information, and how the excavator may file a complaint with the safety committee.\n���� (6) Each hazardous liquid pipeline company must report to the commission the details of each instance of the following when the company or its contractor observes or becomes aware of either of these events:\n���� (a) An excavator digs within thirty-five feet of a transmission pipeline, as defined by RCW 19.122.020(26) without first obtaining a locate; or\n���� (b) Someone maliciously damages or removes marks indicating the location or presence of pipeline facilities.\n���� The company must only report information to the extent that an employee or contractor of the company observes or becomes aware of these events.\n[Statutory Authority: RCW 80.01.040, 80.04.060, 81.88.040. 08-12-045 (Docket PL-070974, General Order R-548), � 480-75-630, filed 5/30/08, effective 6/30/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 80.01.040, 81.01.010, 81.88.060. 07-09-001 (Docket PL-061026, General Order R-541), � 480-75-630, filed 4/4/07, effective 5/5/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 80.01.040 and 80.04.160. 02-18-032 (Docket No. TO-000712, General Order No. R-500), � 480-75-630, filed 8/26/02, effective 9/26/02.]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1657260"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6508434414863586,"wiki_prob":0.6508434414863586,"text":"MAAC basketball, NCAA Basketball\nMAAC Basketball Update: Iona, Siena, Fairfield\nDecember 11, 2010 at 10:21 pm Andrew Kahn\tLeave a comment\nLast night’s Siena/Fairfield game was the last MAAC game until 2011, which makes this a good time to review what’s been happening in the conference. Which teams have exceeded preseason expectations? Which have been underwhelming? Who are the players to watch?\nLet’s start with the team I know best and analyze the other two teams many prognosticators had in their preseason top three, before looking at the rest of the league.\nIona Gaels (7-3, 2-0 in MAAC)\nI covered the Gaels last season and attended their first three home games this season before today. Although Iona was picked fourth in the only official preseason poll, all signs indicate this is one of the top two teams in the MAAC.\nMost of the returning players have improved, some even more than expected. And no matter what logical criteria you used to make your vote, Mike Glover would be the MVP of the league if voting took place today.\nAs can be expected for a new head coach coming from outside the program, it was clear during Iona’s preseason practices that Tim Cluess was still getting familiar with his players. Losing to Bryant to cap an 0-3 trip to Cleveland is unacceptable, but the seven straight wins Iona has rattled off since make that a distant memory (for fans at least; Cluess still wears a t-shirt from that tournament to remind his players of how bad the Gaels can be if they don’t work hard).\nMike Glover throws it down with power. (Credit: Walt Middleton/ICGaels.com)\nThe revival has been led by Glover. After he hung 39 on Canisius, head coach Tom Parrotta said: “He asserted himself early and often. Glover was the difference in the game. Clearly we didn’t have an answer for him.” The 6’7, 215-pound forward scored 21 and pulled down 17 boards in an upset victory over Richmond. I am excited to see him matched up with the preseason Player of the Year (more on that later).\nGlover’s dominating inside play has opened up things for Iona’s outside shooters as well. Jermel Jenkins and Kyle Smyth are Nos. 1 and 2, respectively, in the conference in three-pointers made per game. Both are shooting at least 40 percent from downtown. Niagara coach Joe Mihalich was certainly impressed. “My goodness, Smyth doesn’t even look—great shooter, quick release. They have great balance; a guy that scores around the basket and guys that shoot the ball. You can’t cheat. You’ve got to play them honest. They’ve got a lot of ways to get you.”\nFairfield Stags (6-3, 2-0)\nFairfield didn’t pick up an impressive nonconference win, but last night’s 72-55 smackdown of Siena at the Times Union Center—where the Saints had won 28 straight MAAC games—is enough to validate its preseason No. 1 ranking.\nLast year’s Rookie of the Year, point guard Derek Needham, is joined by forwards Warren Edney and Yorel Hawkins, to make up Fairfield’s top three scorers. Due to injuries, Edney missed all of last season and Hawkins missed the last 10 games. Greg Nero is another upperclassman who was a top player two years ago but missed all of last season. He had been averaging 20 minutes per game this season but fatigue issues kept him from making the trip to Albany for last night’s contest.\nThis is clearly a top-tier MAAC team that has the advantage Siena held the last two seasons: The conference tournament will be at its home arena. The Stags’ early-season MAAC schedule is favorable, so it will be interesting to see how far Fairfield can make it without a conference loss.\nSiena Saints (2-6, 1-1)\nSome were alarmed immediately, after Siena saw its 39-game home winning streak snapped in the opener against Vermont. Most were concerned heading into yesterday’s showdown with Fairfield, but optimistic observers could point out that Minnesota and Butler are quality teams and the other two losses were in overtime. Perhaps it was just bad luck for the Saints.\nBut after the loss to Fairfield, in which Siena was outrebounded 32-19 and its star player, Ryan Rossiter, was held to seven points, it’s hard to find a confident Siena supporter. I, however, don’t think the sky is falling in Albany. I’m simply not sure why the expectations were so high for the Saints.\nLet’s not forget that in addition to their coach, they lost All-MAAC performers Ronald Moore, Edwin Ubiles, and Alex Franklin, last year’s Player of the Year. Rossiter (the aforementioned preseason POY) and Clarence Jackson are returning players any coach in this league would love to have, but the supporting cast has not been good enough so far this season. But many of those guys are underclassmen and have the potential to develop into more valuable role players. How much they develop will determine whether or not Mitch Buonaguro’s first year as head coach is a success.\nElsewhere in the MAAC:\nThe Niagara Purple Eagles (2-7, 0-2) are off to a terrible start, but this is both a young and injury-depleted team. Mihalich says that is just an excuse for their poor play. After the loss to Iona last weekend, he said: “We knew we weren’t going to be good in December. Our goal is to get better all the time. We’ve got to hope that by the end of February, beginning of March, we can be a team that can win some games.” That’s what happened last season after Niagara’s ideal starters were all healthy at the same time. This team relies far more heavily on freshmen, but I expect this team to be much more competitive later in the year.\nAfter seeing them in person, I’m not sure the Canisius Golden Griffins (3-3, 0-1) have the guard play to improve upon their preseason No. 7 ranking.\nThe St. Peter’s Peacocks (4-4, 2-2) were the interesting choice for third in the preseason poll, but star senior Wesley Jenkins is back after missing only four games. He scored 22 in St. Pete’s last game, against Manhattan.\nThe Marist Red Foxes (2-8, 2-0) have already exceeded their win total from last season. Let that sink in, especially since both victories have come in conference. Marist swept a weekend at home against Niagara and Canisius and doesn’t play another MAAC team until January 7.\nThe Manhattan Jaspers (2-8, 0-2) were picked just one spot ahead of Marist in the preseason poll, and they simply don’t have the offensive firepower to be a serious contender.\nThe Rider Broncs (6-4, 1-1) and the Loyola (MD) Greyounds (3-5, 0-2) were picked to finish in the middle of the pack. Rider’s top three leaders in minutes and points are all upperclassmen, so the loss of superstar Ryan Thompson might not be as critical as expected. Senior Jamal Barney has led the Greyhounds in scoring every year he’s been on campus.\n2010-11 college basketball seasonFairfield basketballIona GaelsSiena basketball\nPrevious PostJimmy V Classic: Kansas, Michigan State, Syracuse, MemphisNext PostNew York Jets Suspend Sal Alosi for Tripping Player","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line114955"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8951920866966248,"wiki_prob":0.8951920866966248,"text":"at the Harold Pinter Theatre, London\nAbout Oscar Wilde\nThe history of Oscar Wilde is notorious; he was an Irish writer working in the late 19th Century and is one of the most infamous figures in modern literature. He is revered for his numerous plays and only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, as well as numerous short stories and essays on aestheticism. He is also remembered for his turbulent personal life, trials over homosexuality, imprisonment and early death.\nWilde in 1882 by Napoleon Sarony\nOscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was born in Dublin on 16th October 1854 to Sir Robert Wills Wilde, a successful surgeon, and Jane Francesca Wilde, a literary hostess and writer. He studied at Trinity College in Dublin and then Magdalen College Oxford, where he became interested in the aesthetic values of art and literature. After graduating he moved into prominent fashionable circles in London before publishing a range of works on aestheticism and lecturing in the USA and Canada. Even in his younger years he was known for his flamboyancy, Dandyish dress sense and wit, becoming a well known personality of the day. He was even caricatured as a sunflower in the satirical magazine Punch.\nDuring the early 1890s he published his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, focusing on his obsession with opulence and beauty. Society largely found Wilde’s mockery of Victorian values insulting, but the book gained a large cult following during the 20th and 21st Centuries. Following this he wrote the play Salome, entirely in French, whilst in Paris but it was refused a license in England. Wilde then penned four comedies in the early 1890s, sometimes referred to as the ‘comedies of society’, which include Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892), An Ideal Husband (1895) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). He was still interested in mocking the Victorian upper classes but had found a way to do so without offending them; indeed the majority of his audiences were members of high society. He is most remembered for The Importance of Being Earnest, with it’s quick witted and ridiculous characters.\nWilde and Douglas in 1893\nWilde married Constance Lloyd in 1884 and they had two children, but he began a homosexual affair with Lord Alfred Douglas in the following years. Douglas’ father, the Marquess of Queensberry, discovered them dining together in the Cafe Royal in 1894. The Marquess began a campaign against Wilde during the opening of the Importance of Being Earnest, culminating in his attempt to sabotage the first production in 1895 by throwing rotten vegetables. He was barred from the theatre but persisted in harassing Wilde over the coming days. He sent a note to the Albemarle Club where Wilde was socialising, addressed to ‘Oscar Wilde, posing sodomite’, which started a trial of the Marquess under harassment charges. However, during the trial the accusation was turned round on Wilde for his homosexual affairs and he became the prosecuted. He was arrested for sodomy and gross indecency and spent two years in Reading Gaol.\nImprisonment and final years\nDuring his imprisonment Wilde wrote poems and love letters to Douglas, including the famous epistle De Profundis. He was released from prison in 1897 and lived out his final years in Europe under the name Sebastian Melmoth, beginning a relationship with Robert Ross. He wrote the The Ballad of Reading Gaol, along with two letters to the Daily Chronicle describing the harsh conditions of English prisons and campaigning for reform. Wilde contracted cerebral meningitis on 25th November 1900 and asked to be baptised, which a priest performed on the 29th November. It’s rumoured that Wilde’s last words were ‘My wallpaper and I are fighting a duel to the death. One or other of us has got to go’, but it has never been officially confirmed. He passed away on 30th November 1900 at the age of 46.\nThe tomb was so badly damaged by the lipstick marks of fans that a glass wall was erected in 2011\nHe was buried in the Cimetière de Bagneux outside Paris, but in 1909 his remains were moved to Père Lachaise Cemetery. Robert Ross commissioned his tomb and had a compartment built in for his own ashes, which were added in 1950. The epitaph on the tomb is taken from Wilde’s own Ballad of Reading Gaol:\n‘And alien tears will fill for him\nPity’s long-broken urn,\nFor his mourners will be outcast men,\nAnd outcasts always mourn.’\n1895 The First Production\n1939 Globe Theatre London\n1982 National Theatre London\n2011 Broadway Revival\n2014 Harold Pinter Theatre London\nTop 10 quotes\nTop 10 Lady Bracknell quotes\nKieran Mackay on Tickets\nAbigail Hamilton on Top 10 Lady Bracknell quotes\nbrian on Top 10 Lady Bracknell quotes","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line495148"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8503168821334839,"wiki_prob":0.8503168821334839,"text":"Difference between revisions of \"Rick Schwartz\"\nGeorgie (talk | contribs)\n(→‎Domaining)\n'''Rick Schwartz''' is the self-anointed \"[[Domaining|Domain]] King\", who made millions off of [[domaining]] in the mid-90s. He purchased his first domain name in 1995; paying $100 for LipService.com. Eight years later, he made international news when he sold Men.com for $1.32 million. He is particularly known as a pioneer of [[Direct Navigation|direct navigation]] traffic, and more generally as an expert on domain names and traffic<ref>[http://www.ricksblog.com/about.html Ricksblog.com]</ref>\n'''Rick Schwartz''' is the self-anointed \"[[Domaining|Domain]] King\", who earns an income from domain names purchased in the mid-90s. He purchased his first domain name in 1995; paying $100 for LipService.com. Eight years later, he made international news when he sold Men.com for $1.32 million. He is particularly known as a pioneer of [[Direct Navigation|direct navigation]] traffic, and more generally as an expert on domain names and traffic<ref>[http://www.ricksblog.com/about.html Ricksblog.com]</ref>\nRick is the founder, CEO, and President of the [[T.R.A.F.F.I.C.]] domaining conference, which has awarded him the \"Domainer Of The Year\" award and also inducted him into the \"Domainer Hall of Fame\".<ref>[http://www.ricksblog.com/about.html Ricksblog]</ref>\nRick Schwartz is the self-anointed \"Domain King\", who earns an income from domain names purchased in the mid-90s. He purchased his first domain name in 1995; paying $100 for LipService.com. Eight years later, he made international news when he sold Men.com for $1.32 million. He is particularly known as a pioneer of direct navigation traffic, and more generally as an expert on domain names and traffic[1]\nRick is the founder, CEO, and President of the T.R.A.F.F.I.C. domaining conference, which has awarded him the \"Domainer Of The Year\" award and also inducted him into the \"Domainer Hall of Fame\".[2]\nHe is a visible domainer blogger who has \"retired\" from daily blogging on different occasions.\n2.2 T.R.A.F.F.I.C.\nMr. Schwartz attended a few months of community college before working in sales. He is a past bankruptee. [3] For a time, he sold Asian made products at trade shows and in trade magazines. He recognized the benefit of the Internet to a salesman and claims the day that he learned about the File Transfer Protocol was the day that changed his life. He began putting his brochures and sales materials online, and around this time he discovered the monetary potential of domain names via acquiring such names as Porno.com.[4]\nRick credits much of his success to being early on the domaining rush. His initial investment consisted of $1,800 dollars, but soon spent $42,000 on porno.com. To generate additional resources, he sold a \"sales\" business for 7 figures in 1998. Around this time he was purchasing domains such as candy.com, porno.com [5], men.com, childpornography.com [6] and gaycock.com [7] .\nMr. Schwartz has over 4,300 domains that he claims bring in a combined traffic of 95,000 - 115,000 visitors each day. His sites tend to be parked pages with revenue-producing links. Schwartz's portfolio is managed by Moniker.[8] Many of his sites, approximately half, are \"adult\" oriented domains, though he insists that none of these pages have any actual illicit content, beyond the name, and that they are merely parked advertising space.[9]\nRick Schwartz has stated that he makes \"a few million [dollars] a year\" in revenue from his many parked pages.[10]\nGiven his persona, Rick has a large number of detractors who deride his behavior, ideas and actions.[11]\nRick Schwartz does not usually buy domains to sell them, preferring to build up advertising revenues as opposed to one time profits.[12] Those he has sold include:\nFlowers.mobi - $ 6500 [13] (Originally purchased for $200,000 [14])\nTokyoHotels.com - $200,000+\niReport.com to CNN - $750K[15]\nPunchbowl.com to MyPunchBowl - (Undisclosed, 6-figure sum rumored)[16]\nRick included i-report.com to CNN for free in order to more quickly finalize the deal for the more desirable, ireport.com.[17]\nMr. Schwartz sold Property.com to Foreclosure.com in 2008; the actual sale price was never disclosed. Rick initially purchased the domain 3 years prior for $750,000 [18][19]\nIn November, 2011, it was announced by Michael Berkens that his site, MostWantedDomains.com, had succesfully brokered the sale of the domain, \"meet.me\" for a record $450,000. The domain was part of a portfolio that was acquired at an earlier T.R.A.F.F.I.C conference by Mr. Berkens, Rick Schwartz, and Ammar Kubba. Other domains in this portfolio include date.me, love.me, and marry.me. Michael Berkens speculated that by selling the domain for a record amount in the .me namespace, he effectively raised the price of the rest of their joint-owned .me domains.[20]\nT.R.A.F.F.I.C.\nOn October 20 - 23, 2004, the first T.R.A.F.F.I.C.. conference took place in Delray Beach, Florida; it was the first major trade show specifically aimed at the domaining industry.[21] Rick co-founded the event with his longtime lawyer, and domaining attorney, Howard Neu. The conferences provide domaining forums, workshops, and obvious networking opportunities. The inaugural event counted some 125 attendees, by the next year this number was more than doubled to 300.[22] The conference has since been held in both an East coast and West coast format, wherein a meeting takes place on each U.S. coast during the same year. It has travelled the world, going to Amsterdam and Australia in addition to a U.S. event; and it continues to go new places and be held at least once a year.[23] The shows are not intended for day-domainers, but aim to help those that consider domaining their profession a chance to learn and meet with other successful domainers. T.R.A.F.F.I.C. conferences are invitation only events, in an attempt to keep the show focused and not let it fall into the category of general trade shows.[24]\nThe conferences have begun to incorporate live auctions of domain names, via a partnership with Moniker; those auctions accounted for 39 of the top 100 domain sales for 2007.[25] That year's New York T.R.A.F.F.I.C. auction brought in some $12 million.[26]\nIn December, 2011, Mr. Schwartz announced that, while he had signed onto T.R.A.F.F.I.C. through 2013, he did not know whether or not he would continue with the conference. At the time he was also announcing his retirement from daily blogging on the domain industry. Mr. Schwartz said that T.R.A.F.F.I.C. would continue if he could turn it into \"something very grand\".[27]\nMr. Schwartz became involved in a high-profile lawsuit and counter-suit when Lilly Industries Inc., claimed that his goofoff.com address violated their trademarked Goof Off paint remover. Rick was informed by Network Solutions that Lilly had filed a dispute on the namespace and that he would have to litigate or face his site being placed on hold. At that time, the site was running as a travel and entertainment portal. He saw this as another example of \"Fortune 500 Bullies\" using their financial resources to push small business owners away from legitimately acquired and retained domains.[28] A visit to goofoff.com today shows that the site remains in Rick's hands.[29] The settlement agreement allowed Rick to keep the site under certain restrictions, and Lilly Industries assumed all legal fees.[30]\nHe says that he as received so many cease and desist letters that he owns ceaseanddesist.com.[31]\nRick filed a suit against Afternic, Network Solutions, and Register.com in May, 2001. The alleged incident involved the illegal transfer of a domain he purchased, properties.com, from Afternic, back to its original owner via Network Solutions.[32]\nDomainer of the Year, 2005 (T.R.A.F.F.I.C Award, the conference he co-founded)\nInducted into the Domain Hall of Fame, 2006 (T.R.A.F.F.I.C Award, the conference he co-founded)\nReceived the Epik.com Domain Industry \"Pioneer Award\", 2010[33]\n2008's Domain Name Wire ranked Rick as the most influential domainer, and T.R.A.F.F.I.C as the best domain conference.[34]\n↑ BizJournals.com\n↑ ChefPatrick.com\n↑ DNJournal.com/ Royal King or Royal Pain?\n↑ Fusible.com\n↑ DomainNameNews.com\n↑ DMueller.com\n↑ MostWantedDomains.com Brokers the Sale of Mee.me, TheDomains.com]\n↑ TargetedTraffic.com\n↑ WebmasterWorld.com\n↑ Mission Accomplished, RicksBlog.com\n↑ FindArticles.com\n↑ DomainNameWire.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line899513"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8712759613990784,"wiki_prob":0.8712759613990784,"text":"NYSSenate14.com\nMalcolm A. Smith\nThis was the official website for Malcolm A. Smith.\nMalcolm A. Smith was a Democratic member of the New York State Senate for the 14th district, a portion of southeast Queens that includes Hollis, St. Albans, Cambria Heights, Queens Village, Springfield Gardens and parts of Jamaica. From 2009 to 2010, Smith was Temporary President of the New York State Senate, the first African American to hold that position.\nOn April 2, 2013, Smith was arrested by the FBI on federal corruption and other charges. The United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York and the New York FBI alleged that Smith attempted to secure a spot on the Republican ballot in the 2013 New York City mayoral election through bribery of New York City Councilman Dan Halloran and two other Republican officials who were also arrested.\nIn September 2014 primary voters in Queens rejected Smith, mainly due to his indictment on corruption charges of bribery and extortion. His opponent Leroy Comrie, a former city councilman, won in a landslide. The following year Malcolm A. Smith was convicted of all charges against him, and sentenced to 7 years in federal prison.\nThe content below is from this site's 2005-2008 archived pages.\n— Senator Malcolm A. Smith\nSenator Malcolm A. Smith was unanimously elected State Senate Minority Leader by his fellow Senators in November of 2006. Senator Smith brings unique skills and a diverse background in both the private and public sector to the State Senate, where he has served the 14th Senate District since 2000. As a real estate developer, economic development expert and legislative aide, Senator Smith has been a major contributor to bringing jobs and opportunity to his Southeastern Queens community.\nThroughout his career in public service, Senator Smith has used his skills as a manager and real estate developer to help revitalize the Queens community. Prior to being elected to the State Senate, Senator Smith served as a senior aide to former Congressman Floyd H. Flake, chief aide to former City Councilman Archie Spigner, a City Hall assistant to former Mayor Edward I. Koch and was a member of the national advance staff for Vice-presidential candidate Geraldine Ferraro.\nSenator Smith is a former executive in the New York City Mayor’s Office of Economic Development and has served as President of the Neighborhood Housing Services of Jamaica. Senator Smith created the not-for-profit Southeast Queens Housing Development Corporation to purchase, rehabilitate and sell City and HUD owned properties. Senator Smith is also well known in his community as the founder of Operation Excellence, a training program for students in real estate development, which is regularly featured on local television.\nIn 1985, as President of the Neighborhood Housing Services of Jamaica, Senator Smith created two citywide loan programs: a home improvement optional loan program and a mixed-use rehabilitation loan program designed to restore commercial and residential properties on commercial strips. Senator Smith was successful in convincing five banks and the City of New York's Housing Preservation and Development Agency to capitalize the program with $2.2 million in loans.\nSenator Smith also developed the \"Challenge to Minority Banks Program,\" which highlighted the need for increased business at minority-owned banks in the city. Deposits in minority-owned banks rose to an average of $22 million annually between 1983 and 1985, due in part to this successful program.\nAs a private sector developer and President and Founder of Smith Development Corporation, Senator Smith has built over 100 much needed housing units in Southeastern Queens, Far Rockaway and Brooklyn, including several noteworthy commercial projects such as Pathmark Plaza-Springfield Gardens, the interior of the FAA building and the baseball fields at Roy Wilkins Park in Jamaica.\nIn the State Senate, Senator Smith has fought to expand social and economic opportunities for his constituents. Senator Smith has brought tens of millions of dollars back into his district to help build affordable housing, improve Queens schools, provide health care for the needy, keep higher education affordable and create good paying jobs.\nAs a believer in his \"thinking forward\" philosophy and the principle that \"relationships yield results,\" Senator Smith has worked to bring together diverse groups with a common goal in mind. In 2004, as part of the New York to Shanghai Trade Mission, Senator Smith led a delegation of local businesses to China, to open up a robust reciprocal exchange between our two wondrous cultural and economic commonwealths. Several of the businesses that traveled with Senator Smith overseas are currently conducting business in China in the areas of cosmetics and perfume, beer distribution, jewelry and professional services. The trip was so successful that Senator Smith has expanded his business-to-business relationships to include an economic, cultural and educational \"Sister to Sister\" relationship between New York State and India.\nIn addition to his interests in community revitalization and affordable housing, Senator Smith has worked on several other issues affecting his constituents, including the environment, economic development, transportation and technology. In his first year in the State Senate, Senator Smith secured $10 million from the MTA for much needed improvements to LIRR Stations in his Queens District. In the same year, Senator Smith collaborated with Assemblywoman Barbara Clarke to secure $1 million for the Jamaica Clinic, a first-of-its-kind health clinic in Hollis, New York.\nIn 2002, Senator Smith collaborated with City and State officials to negotiate an agreement yielding $10 million to clean up the Westside Corporation Toxic Site in Jamaica, Queens. These much needed funds were secured despite the Superfund being bankrupt. Working with Assemblywoman Audrey Pheffer and the Governor, Senator Smith also helped secure $1 million for support programs in the Rockaways in the wake of the Flight 587 plane crash tragedy in November 2001.\nSenator Smith's representative governance and leadership style is essentially about individual will manifesting itself into a substantive vision for the collective common good of all. He believes that every challenge we encounter in life is simply an opportunity for solution.\nToward this end, he has created progressive and visionary programs in his district, including Operation Everybody Works (OEW), a pilot program that found a meaningful job for one individual a day for a period of 90 consecutive days. He has shepherded a purposeful litany of task forces, including Operation Safe Southeast Queens (OSSEQ), a program that formed a nexus between the NYPD, civic organizations, church leaders and local businesses to effectively address the hot spots of crime in local communities.\nIn terms of policy, Senator Smith has distinguished himself as an effective legislator and advocate in the areas of Economic Development, Minority- and Women-owned Business Enterprise Issues, Health, Housing, Education and Judicial Diversity. In a pre-reform environment, he found ways to draw attention to these most important issues -- through public forums with expert testimony and lobby days with passionate advocates -- when the traditional institutional means were blocked.\nEver a believer in the true economic principle that competition is what drives innovation, results, and excellence, Senator Smith is a proud supporter of public charter schools. He is the founder of Peninsula Preparatory Academy, the first public charter school in the Rockaways, and serves on the Board of Trustees of the Merrick Academy-Queens Public Charter School in Jamaica Queens.\nMost recently, Senator Smith has been chairing a series of statewide public forums concerning the important topic of judicial diversity. The stated goal of these forums is to create a \"Lasting Blueprint For Judicial Diversity\" in New York State, so that the judges on our benches, both elective and appointive, are eminently and robustly reflective of the rich diversity that is a source of absolute strength for our State.\nSenator Smith is a graduate of Fordham University, where he earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration with a concentration in Economics. Senator Smith furthered his education with a certificate program on negotiations from Harvard Law School and obtained an MBA with a concentration in Finance and Operations Management from Adelphi University.\nSenator Smith is married to the former Michele Lisby. They are the parents of two children, Julian and Amanda. Senator Smith is a member of the Greater Allen Cathedral in Queens, New York, where Floyd H. Flake and Elaine M. Flake serve as Pastor and Co-Pastor, respectively.\nAs Senate Minority Leader, Senator Smith is an ex officio member of all Senate standing committees and the ranking Minority member of the Rules Committee.\nSTATEMENT FROM STATE SENATOR MALCOLM A. SMITH circa 2008\n\"Today, as an Elector for the people of New York, I will have the honor of casting a vote for Barack Obama to become the next President of the United States. 145 years since Abraham Lincoln declared all people, regardless of race, to be free citizens and just 50 years since our country recognized that separate is never equal and segregation can never be tolerated, I am deeply humbled to have the privilege of being part of the process to formally elect the first African American President.\nThe voters of New York have spoken, asking for change and a new approach to governing and government. With our new president in Washington and a new day in Albany, I look forward to bringing the voters the change we need.\"\nIn the News 2008\nSean Bell Verdict\nOn Friday, April 25 I sent a letter to the United States Attorney General after the verdict in the Sean Bell case was announced seeking an investigation of the facts of this case under federal criminal civil rights laws. As you may know, on Friday afternoon, the Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Department of Justice, the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York and the FBI, New York Field Division, announced that they are undertaking an investigation of the facts and circumstances of this case.\nthis is a test to see where this comment goes\nMy name is Patrick Sullivan and am sending this as a test comment\nMario P. Hepp\nThis phony Black Muslim Bastard Barack Hussein Obama wants change you know change ? Come Help A Nigger Get Elected\nMario you need to get over yourself and past the color of skin! You're a bigot! Guess what? Gods in charge and there ain't nothing you can do about it! God Bless Barack and God Bless the \"New\" America to come!!!!!!\nCapitol Visits Our Capitol Building is the focal point of an impressive complex of Government buildings which make a rewarding and educational visitor experience. That is why I am pleased to offer my assistance in arranging Tours of the State Capitol, the State Museum and the Empire State Plaza. If you are planning a visit, contact my officeto assist in your planning -- we will answer questions regarding trips and advise you when the Legislature is in session.\nStatement from Senator Malcolm A. Smith on the Anniversary of the March on Selma\nBeing in Selma to commemorate the historic events of 42 years ago was a highly emotional experience for me. It filled me with a sense of great humility and gratitude for the generation of leaders that came before me, who literally risked life and limb so that future generations would enjoy greater freedom and greater opportunities.\nPresident Bill Clinton's offer to travel with him to be part of the March, witness his induction to the Voting Rights Hall of Fame and the 4 hours of conversation was an experience I will never forget. He is one of the most charming and brilliant individuals I have ever had the pleasure to meet.\nStatement from Senator Malcolm A. Smith on the Worker's comp agreement\nState Senate Democratic Leader Malcolm A. Smith said \"Reform of the State's Workers' Compensation system has been one of the most contentious issues facing our State Government. The fact that both the Business Council of New York and the AFL-CIO are supportive of the Governor's proposal speaks volumes about the merits of the agreement. Once again message delivered, message received, action taken.\"\nThe Senate Minority Applaud Bonacic Measure to Equalize Resources Among Legislators\nSenate Democratic Leader Malcolm A. Smith today applauded Senator John Bonacic (R-New Paltz) for introducing a measure requiring that all Legislators receive equal allocations to run their offices and serve their constituents.\nSmith noted the measure is one long supported by Senate Minority, most recently during the adoption of Senate Rules.\n\"This is a true reform measure,\" Smith said. \"It would ensure that all New Yorkers receive adequate and equal representation, as guaranteed by our Constitution.\"\nBonacic’s measure would provide \"reasonable additional assistance for Committee Chairs and Ranking Members,\" who have additional responsibilities.\nSmith said he is pleased \"members of the Majority conference are adopting the reform measures that Senate Minority has long advocated. Real changes and real reform are finally coming to Albany and to the State Senate.\"\nTHE ETHICS REFORM BILL PASSED BY THE STATE SENATE TODAY\nSenate Democratic Leader Malcolm A. Smith said the ethics reform bill passed by the State Senate today \"contains many of the provisions Senate Minority have been trying for years to enact.\"\nSmith noted that the Senate Minority Conference attempted in January to reform the rules of the Senate to make it more accountable and responsive to the people of New York. The proposals were rejected by the Majority.\nIn the three most recent Senate elections, The Senate Minority voiced a strong reform message and emerged victorious in districts that had been represented by the Majortiy.\nNewly-elected State Senator Craig Johnson (D-Port Washington) who won a February 6 special election, said \"One reason health care and property taxes have soared over the last decade is that our Legislature has been too dysfunctional to appropriately address the issue. This measure brings us closer to our goal of a properly functioning State government, which for the people of New York will be a less expensive State government.\"\nAndrea Stewart-Cousins (D-Yonkers) who defeated a 20 year Senante Majority incumbent in 2006, said the ethics reform bill \"brings us closer to fulfilling the promise we made to voters to bring real change to Albany. Senate Democrats will continue the fight to make our State Government accountable and responsive to the people.\"\nSenator David J. Valesky (D-Oneida) a vocal proponent of reform who first came to Albany in 2004, said \"this measure is a positive step towards a State Government that has the full faith and confidence of the people it represents.\" Valesky credited Governor Spitzer for \"using his mandate to smash the status quo,\" and noted that the Governor set the tone for ethics reform shortly after taking office when he initiated changes in the regulations governing the Executive’s office.\nThe bill passed by the Senate includes anti-nepotism provisions, today:\n· Prohibits gifts from lobbyists and their clients of more than nominal value, including travel, lodging and other expenses, and broaden the types of lobbying activities that lobbyists must disclose;\n· Prohibits elected government officials and candidates for elected local, state or federal office from appearing in taxpayer-funded advertisements;\n· Closes the \"revolving door\" loophole by prohibiting former legislative employees from directly lobbying the Legislature for two years, and expands the revolving door restrictions for Executive Chamber employees to preclude appearances before any state agency;\n· Prohibits non-legislative employees from using their authority or influence to \"compel or induce\" any other employee to make political contributions;\n· Prohibits state employees from participating in any personnel decision or contracting matter concerning a relative.\nSenator Smith Speaking at NYS Inter-Agency Black History Month Celebration\nGood Morning! I wanted to let everyone on my team know that I will be speaking today at the New York State Inter-Agency Black History Month Celebration, an event celebrating the story of Africans in the Americas. The program, which begins at noon, will be held in ESP Meeting Room 6.\nI hope that many of you will be able to attend and lend your support for Black History Month, an opportunity to reflect on the sacrifices of the past, and in our dreams for the future. I look forward to seeing you later today.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line767840"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.999414324760437,"wiki_prob":0.999414324760437,"text":"Neural respiratory drive predicts clinical deterioration and safe discharge in exacerbations of COPD\nEui-Sik Suh Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nSwapna Mandal Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nRachel Harding Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nMichelle Ramsay Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nMeera Kamalanathan Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nKatherine Henderson Emergency Department, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nKevin O'Kane Department of Acute Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nAbdel Douiri Division of Health and Social Care Research, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nNicholas S Hopkinson NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nMichael I Polkey NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nGerrard Rafferty Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nPatrick B Murphy Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nJohn Moxham Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nNicholas Hart Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles\nCorrespondence to Dr Eui-Sik Suh, Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, St. Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK; eui-sik.suh{at}nhs.net\nSuh E, Mandal S, Harding R, et al\nThorax 2015;70:1123-1130.\nRevised June 22, 2015\nAccepted June 27, 2015\nFirst published July 20, 2015.\nOnline issue publication\nPrevious version (20 July 2015).\nData supplement 1 - Online supplement\nPublished by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1137615"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9345457553863525,"wiki_prob":0.9345457553863525,"text":"Prince Louis would have had different name and title if Queen hadn’t ‘stepped in’\nKing George V set out guidance on which royals were allowed to have titles in 1917\nZoe Forsey\nBeth CruseSenior reporter\nQueen Elizabeth II attends a scaled down ceremony to mark her official birthday at Windsor Castle on June 13, 2020 (Image: Getty Images)\nPrince Louis would have had a different name and title if it was for the Queen, according to a new report.\nWhen the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge welcomed their third child, three years ago today, they named him Louis Arthur Charles.\nLouis is a popular name in the royal family and William and George have it as a middle name, in honour of Prince Charles's mentor Lord Louis Mountbatten, who died in an IRA bombing in 1979.\nAs the Mirror reports, Charles is a nod to little Louis's grandfather, the Prince of Wales, who said he was delighted to have another baby in the family when he was born.\nPrincess Anne was convicted of a criminal offence because of her dog\nPeter Phillips and Zara Tindall's secret sister who shared their horsey life on Princess Anne's Gloucestershire estate\nA statement from Charles and Camilla at the time said: \"We are both so pleased at the news. It is a great joy to have another grandchild, the only trouble is I don’t know how I am going to keep up with them.\"\nHis official title is His Royal Highness Prince Louis of Cambridge, but he only has a HRH title because his great-granny the Queen stepped in.\nShe intervened to overwrite a rule put in place by King George V, reports the Express.\nBack in 1917, he set out new guidance on which royals were allowed to have titles - and who was too far down the line of succession to qualify for one.\nHe decided that all of the sovereign's children would automatically become a Prince or Princess, as well as any grandchildren born through the male line.\nHowever, great-grandchildren weren't included on the list.\nThis caused a bit of an issue when Prince George was born, as despite being our future king he shouldn't have had the title.\nThe Queen stepped in and said that George would get a title, and decided to extend the change to all of Kate and William's children.\nPrince William and Kate with their three children Prince George, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis (Image: Kensington Palace via Getty Images)\nThis means that even though Charlotte and Louis, who are further down the line of succession and are unlikely to ever sit on the throne, are also a prince and princess.\nIf the Monarch didn't make the change, it's likely that Louis would have been Master Louis Cambridge or Master Louis Windsor instead.\nHowever she didn't make this change for Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's son, something which has caused rows and confusion following their interview with Oprah Winfrey.\nIt was widely believed that the couple didn't want Archie to have a HRH title in their bid for him to enjoy a 'normal' life, much like Harry's cousins Peter Phillips and Zara Tindall.\nBut during the interview, Meghan said that it would impact his security.\nShe told her pal Oprah: \"They were saying they didn't want him to be a Prince or Princess, which would be different from protocol, and that he wasn't going to receive security. This went on for the last few months of our pregnancy where I was going, hold on for a second.\"\nPalace 'a lot calmer' without Harry and Meghan as Prince Charles starts Royal Family 'shake-up'\n\"They said [he's not going to get security], because he's not going to be a Prince.\n\"Okay, well, he needs to be safe so we're not saying don't make him a Prince or Princess, but if you're saying the title is what's going to affect that protection, we haven't created this monster machine around us in terms of clickbait and tabloid fodder you've allowed that to happen which means our son needs to be safe.\"\nHowever experts have denied Meghan's claims that it was \"different to protocol\".","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1579321"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.807765543460846,"wiki_prob":0.807765543460846,"text":"Interactive Icons Made for the Modern Web\nIconic is trying to push iconography forward into the web age.\nicons-preview\nIconic is a set of icons that's designed for the modern web. Image: Iconic\nAround five years ago P.J. Onori was designing his website when he made, in hindsight, a questionable choice. “I made the horrible decision to make everything on my personal website open source,” the designer jokes. This included the CSS, HTML and even the icons he used on his site. Onori, who considers himself an open source evangelist, began making simple symbols for his RSS feed, calendar and documents. \"I figured, maybe I’ll make a few more,” he recalls. “Then for whatever reason it really caught on.” As Onori continued to design icons, he also began developing tools and techniques for displaying them. And before he knew it, he’d created Iconic, a set of simply designed icons that could be used free of charge.\n>Today, most of the icons you see on the web are static.\nIn the past four years, Iconic has grown to include more than 200 icons, but its development has stalled since Onori has, you know, a real, paying job that he has to attend to. Now Onori and his partners Ryan Teuscher and Dave Johnson, who run San Francisco-based design firm Waybury, have decided to build Iconic into a commercial set of icons and tools that will help expand their capabilities far beyond the open source version.\nTheir goals, outlined on their Kickstarter page, are idealistic: “Were trying to push iconography forward into the web age and have it reflect the technology and the approaches and philosophies of the web,” explains Onori. But they’re also necessary. Today, most of the icons you see on the web are static. They sit on sites like little pictures in a book and do little to engage with the people who are using them. This is, in the guys' opinions, a total waste of the internet's potential. “The problem is that we’ve been displaying icons essentially the same way we were displaying them 60 years ago, where they’re just these static image illustrations that show up on a screen,” says Onori. “There’s really no reason for that any more. The technology has matured to a point where that doesn’t need to be the case.”\nOnori and his partners are hoping to create an integrated icon system that expands the functionality of icons and makes them smarter, more legible and more responsive. “We all believe that icons are going play an increasingly important role in interfaces,” Onori says, explaining that as screens shrink, so does the room designers have to communicate ideas and actions. “Screens are considerably smaller than they were five years ago. We need to find ways to communicate information in smaller spaces; we need to be denser about how we communicate that information, and icons are perfect for that.”\n>'We need to find ways to communicate information in smaller spaces.'\nIconic’s distinguishing factor, even years ago, was that the images were created as SVG files, a vector format that allows designers to tweak the size, color and general appearance of an icon. They’re still working with that format type (though icons are available in PNG, WebP and font formats, too), only now they’re looking to add in new capabilities like making icons responsive to the size of screen. For every icon designed, there will be three versions and sizes so it can scale appropriately. For example, the microphone you see on your 27” desktop will be more detailed than the microphone you see on your smartphone screen. “When you start cramming that detail into smaller sizes it become illegible—it’s like a blob,” says Onori. “If an icon isn’t legible, then it’s useless.”\nThis extends to the aesthetic of the icons, which is nondescript by design. The images' simplicity was intentional, says Teuscher, who explained that the team would like to see Iconic become a standard or baseline for iconography design and functionality in the future. “We want them to be reliable and we want them to work in every single use case,” Onori elaborate. “We’ve been jokingly saying that it would be like the Helvetica of icons ... don’t quote that.” Jokes aside, what he really means is that by getting the icons' appearance out of the way allows designers more freedom to tweak and stylize however they see fit.\nUltimately, the team is aiming to build in added context to the icons through a java script. This allows designers to set values and create visual nuances like a battery that shows how charged it is or a document in its various states of not-saved, in progress and saved. This context is vital, they say, to propelling icons into the 21st century. “We’re able to inject life into these things so they’re able to respond directly to the person seeing it, and I think that’s pretty powerful,” says Onori. “I don’t have the illusions that we’ll be the only people to do it, but I hope that were the people who can help start that conversation.”\nLiz writes about where design, technology, and science intersect.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1462068"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5674769282341003,"wiki_prob":0.5674769282341003,"text":"Gagetown building advances energy efficiency to \"net-zero ready\"\nScott Stevenson, Visiting ADM, Canada Lands Company, Sia Salehi, Senior Project Manager, DND, Scott Nason, Ross Welsman, DCC Vice-President, Operations–Business Management, Sonia Powell, President of the RPIC Board of Directors, and Kevin Radford, Assistant Deputy Minister, Real Property, Public Services and Procurement Canada (retired), at the award ceremony in Ottawa on November 20, 2019.\nDCC has helped its Client-Partner, the Department of National Defence (DND), take a big step forward in energy efficiency and sustainability, with its first \"net-zero ready\" building.\nThe 3,389-m2, $15.7-million Explosive Ordnance Disposal Training Facility at CFB Gagetown has nearly all the features required to run completely off the grid, including geothermal heating and its own well, water treatment system and septic system.\nThe last piece of the puzzle is solar arrays, which is scheduled to be installed next summer. They will provide power to the building and grid that will offset the annual electricity consumption currently purchased from the province.\nThe building is located in the range and training area 15 km from the Gagetown Garrison, so having it be as self-sufficient as possible is important to ensure ongoing operations, explains Scott Nason, Coordinator, Construction Services. He led the DCC team of Doug Thompson, Coordinator, Commissioning, Danny Dobbelsteyn, Coordinator, Electrical, and Michel Picard, Coordinator, Construction Services, on the project.\n\"Achieving net-zero energy consumption with a building is a first for DND,\" Scott says. \"The project was a good starter step to learn from. DCC was instrumental in streamlining the problem-solving process and providing sound advice to resolve issues as we worked with advanced technology to ensure maximum energy efficiency.\"\nThe project won an award for best practices in environmental sustainability from the Real Property Institute of Canada. In addition, DND will be applying to have the facility's current LEED Silver certification upgraded to Gold once the solar arrays are in place.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1614078"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.71028733253479,"wiki_prob":0.28971266746520996,"text":"ESC Clermont Business School\nESC Clermont Business School is a private university offering undergraduate & postgraduate programmes. It is a Grande Ecole recognised by the Ministry of Higher Education, Research & Innovation, AACSB & EPAS-accredited.\nClermont-Ferrand (France)\n4 Boulevard Trudaine\nhttps://www.esc-clermont.fr/en/\nESC Clermont Business School is private institution located in the heart of France, in the city of Clermont-Ferrand. It is one of the oldest business schools in France, established in 1919. The school of management is a Grande Ecole that is recognized by The French Ministry of Higher Education and Research. The business school holds AACSB accreditation since 2005, one of the largest and most influential business school accreditations in the world. The school is a Grand Ecole and is also part of «Conférence des Grandes Ecoles», the Consortium of Graduate Schools of Management which comprises a network of the best Management and Engineering schools in France.\nESC Clermont strives for accompanying students to achieve academic and professional excellence by offering high quality programmes, having a strong partner and corporate network and following strong values. faculty members have varied multicultural backgrounds: professors who have international academic qualifications, business executives coming from multinational corporations, practicing consultants and entrepreneurs that are recognized as experts in their fields.\nESC Clermont Business School,\nClermont-Ferrand, France\nAlumni network of 12,000 graduates living in more than 120 countries\nThe business school’s foremost programme. The programme is a 2-year master degree that provides students with the necessary skills and experience to be fully operational as soon as they begin their career and ready to take on the top-level posts in Management. Throughout the program, students will be offered a broad range of possibilities in terms of study tracks, specializations and work environments. There are also various options in terms of academic exchanges, double diplomas and language courses.\nhttps://www.esc-clermont.fr/en/program/master-in-management/\nThe Bachelor Programme is a 3-year undergraduate programme that is designed to give students solid grounding in the main fields of business and management and a broad knowledge of disciplines as management, marketing, international business and so on. Students consolidate their knowledge in the area of specialization during the second year. In the third year, students are able to spend a semester abroad for exchange or a year abroad for a dual-degree in one of the partner universities.\nhttps://www.esc-clermont.fr/en/program/bachelor-in-international-management/\n- Early bird scholarships\n- ESC Clermont Foundation scholarships\nhttps://www.esc-clermont.fr/en/scholarships/\nUniversity of Economics in Katowice\nVarna University of Management (VUM)\nMetropolia University of Applied Sciences\nToulouse Business School\nAudencia Nantes School of Management Nantes\nEURECOM, Sophia Antipolis, FRANCE","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line334023"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8600859642028809,"wiki_prob":0.8600859642028809,"text":"Home › Releases › Vanden Plas - Chronicles of the Immortals - Netherworld\nChronicles of the Immortals - Netherworld\nGenre: Metal progressive\nWelcome to a new dimension in the Vanden Plas universe! With their new work, “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld,” the spectacular German progressive metal band has again shown artistic growth, continuing a pattern of development from album to album that we have grown accustomed to.\nIn this case, the developmental step was a bit bigger than usual, due to the story behind the birth of “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld.” Wolfgang Hohlbein, who with 43 million books sold worldwide is not only Germany’s biggest selling author but also a fan of VANDEN PLAS, suggested their creative collaboration: a rock opera for the stage based on his series “The Chronicle of the Immortals.” The result: “Bloodnight” (“Blutnacht”). The libretto was written by VANDEN PLAS singer Andy Kuntz, together with Hohlbein and his manager Dieter Winkler, himself a respected author. The VANDEN PLAS team of Stephan Lill/ Günter Werno/Andy Kuntz composed 19 songs for the stage production.\n“Bloodnight,” with Kuntz in the lead role and the VANDEN PLAS musicians in the orchestra pit, celebrated a stunning premiere on the stage of the Pfalztheater in Kaiserslautern in 2012. 25 sold-out performances in the 2012 and 2013 seasons with standing ovations that never seemed to end speak for themselves. Overwhelmed by this success, Hohlbein responded by writing another novel; the story of “Bloodnight.”\nThe next step for the band was to turn the successful theatre piece into an equally successful VANDEN PLAS album. “Chronicles of the Immortals - Netherworld - Path 1” has 10 tracks comprising the first act of “Bloodnight.” “Path 2,” the second half of the album, is scheduled to bring the story to a conclusion in early 2015. Kuntz, in agreement with Hohlbein, adapted the stage version to fit an album format. On it he appears as the storyteller, so that unlike the stage production_he is not only the main character Andrej Delany but also embodies the roles of the other protagonists. In this way the story line is richer and more easily understood by the listener for whom the powerful visions from the stage production are not available.\nThe music of “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld” is pure VANDEN PLAS. The songs are noticeably harder than in the stage version_and many solos have been included that were too difficult to stage in the theatrical production. Amendments to some of the arrangements can be heard_and some scenes have been completely rewritten. Thus, some large chorus scenes from the stage production reappear with stark intimacy on the album, while in other sections a lush orchestral accompaniment replaces the piano line that had led the action in the stage version. At the same time, all the elements come into play that have long been distinctive to VANDEN PLAS. Kuntz’s incisive lyrics are interwoven with Lill’s defining riffs and Werno’s diverse keyboard parts. A solid base is provided by bass player Torsten Reichert and drummer Andreas Lill, whose collaboration has produced an atmosphere that seems more homogenous and transparent than ever.\nIt is the details that make this album different from other VANDEN PLAS recordings. It is clearly evident that this album recounts the story from a newly staged theatre production, which makes the VANDEN PLAS music to “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld” even more diversified and vivid.\nVANDEN PLAS fans will immediately feel at home with this album. Hohlbein was also immediately thrilled the first time he heard the music. “Great album; I loved it! I’m happy that fans of “The Chronicles of the Immortals” can re-experience the story through the rock opera ‘Bloodnight’.”\nThe theme of “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld” examines the essential question of human existence. …“What is immortality? Andrej Delany knows the answer. Those who meet him sense that he is somehow different from them, more powerful, more experienced. They call him a sorcerer, revile him as a vampire or a demon. Yet he differs from them in only one aspect: he has lived much, much longer than they themselves have. Andrej desires only to be a human being, but he is incapable of sharing his life with mortals. In the search for his salvation, he wanders through the centuries, not knowing that doing so threatens to put him at the mercy of powers that themselves have Eternity on their side and are slowly tightening a noose around his neck. With satanic trickery, a dark shape shifter tries to convince the immortal one to join him and storm the Pantheon of the old gods and wrest the throne from them. Restless chimeras from the other side warn him against this unholy alliance. They tell him about lost love, the souls of forgotten children, and point him to a “forbidden way”, to Marius - the son he believed to be dead - and Maria, the great love of his life. Suddenly Andrej finds himself between the front lines of two worlds. He is in the middle of the eternal war raging between Heaven and eternal Darkness. But which of the archaic shadow beings is heresy and which is illumination? Which wants to help Andrej - and which wants to deceive and destroy him? He must choose which vision to follow, for in the end the truth lies only within him.”… (Bloodnight) “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld – Path 1” ends at a point where all seems to be hopelessly lost - if it weren’t for the soon-to-be released “Path 2,” which promises redemption. The VANDEN PLAS/Hohlbein collaboration is a creative cornucopia still filled to overflowing! But first, we welcome you into the new but still familiar dimensions of VANDEN PLAS. There is much to discover in “Chronicles of the Immortals – Netherworld – Path 1.” Stefan Glas (Rock Hard, Rocks, Underground Empire), translated by Cynthia Nay The Band\nAndy Kuntz (Vocals), Stephan Lill (Guitar), Günter Werno (Keyboard), Torsten Reichert (Bass), Andreas Lill (Drums)\nDemos and Self-productions\n1986 - Raining in My Heart (Single)\n1991 - Days of Thunder (Demo)\n1992 - Fire (Single)\n1994 - Colour Temple\n1997 - The God Thing\n1999 - Far Off Grace\n2000 - Spirit of Live (live)\n2002 - Beyond Daylight\n2006 - Christ 0\n2010 - The Seraphic Clockwork\n2014 - Chronicles of The Immortals - Netherworld - Path 1\nSingles and EPs\n1996 - AcCult (EP)\n1996 - Des hauts, Des Bas (Single, France)\n1999 - Inside of Your Head (Single, France)\n2000 - I Don't Miss You (Single, Europe)\n2007 – Abydos\n2009 - Ludus Danielis\nCIRCUS MAXIMUS - Nine\nVanden Plas - The Ghost Xperiment: Illumination\nAbout a year ago, the German progressive metal band Vanden Plas delivered the music world part one of their two part concept album, “The Ghost Xperiment”.\nBeyond The Bridge - The Old Man And The Spirit\nNOVENA - The Stopped Clock\nNovena are proud to present 22 minutes of new music in a new 3-track EP, \"The Stopped Clock.\" The single and video for the track 'Bury A Friend' (Billie Eilish cover) is out today.\nVanden Plas - The Seraphic Livework\nIn their long career, Vanden Plas has until now produced only one live album: \"Spirit of Live,\" recorded in Paris at the legendary Elysée Montmartre, was released in 2000. With the upcoming release of \"The Seraphic Liveworks,\" the wait for another live long-player is finally over.\nTurbulence - Frontal\nTurbulence is a new progressive rock/metal band from Lebanon founded in 2013 by two extremely gifted composers, guitarist Alain Ibrahim and keyboardist Mood Yassin. Omar El Hage (vocals), Sayed Gereige (drums) and Anthony Atwe (bass) round out the band's line-up. Coming from a region not exactly famous for prog music, Turbulence has emerged and is ready to compete on a world stage. The band is preparing to unleash their sophomore album, “Frontal,” a concept album which showcases Turbulence's ability to combine compelling musical storytelling with modern sounds and production.\nWithem - The Unforgiving Road\nWithem is an upcoming Progressive Metal band hailing from Norway inspired by the likes of Symphony X, Pagan’s Mind, Dream Theater and Circus Maximus.\nLords of Black - II\nLords Of Black is the band formed by world class singer Ronnie Romero, renowned guitarist Tony Hernando and monster drummer Andy C.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1273247"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7264267802238464,"wiki_prob":0.7264267802238464,"text":"admin\t4 April, 2018 Comments Off on Pakistan shines in Mr Ocean 2017 2,568 views views\nTHE EXPRESS TRIBUNE\n> LIFE & STYLE > FASHION\nLAHORE: Hailing from Lahore, Hassan Bhatti represented Pakistan in Mr Ocean 2017 and secured a position among the top 15. Contestants from over 60 other countries such as the USA, UK, Japan, India, Canada, Italy, Germany and China were also a part of the pageant. According to Hassan’s supervising company, he represented Pakistan in its true sense and earned fame for the country by participating and proving himself in different criterions of the pageant, which was held in Taiwan this month.\nWhile he has been engaged in preparing for Mr Ocean 2017 since beginning November, the grand finale of the pageant was held this week. Speaking to The Express Tribune, Hassan revealed that it was a proud moment for him to represent Pakistan on a global scale.\nPHOTO: PUBLICITY\nInterestingly, he has been offered film projects as well. “After I participated in Mr Pakistan World 2016, I immediately began preparing for Mr Ocean 2017. For this reason, I did not accept any film offers that came my way,” mentioned Hassan. “Now, that people are starting to recognise me through these events, I am keen on making my film debut. Whenever I get a good opportunity, I will take my first step towards showbiz.”\nThe budding model was not afraid to admit his deep fondness for acting. “I am very interested in joining the Pakistani film industry. I hope that one day I will be a Lollywood star and work in other film industries as well. I have been dancing and acting since I was a child and luckily, this gives me an upper-hand in talent competitions,” stated Hassan.\nHassan represented the country in Mr Pakistan World 2016 in Canada. Over there, he was associated with a company that groomed young boys with a passion for modelling. It was under the company, Touchgate Global that Hassan participated in his first pageant.\n“Taking part in these competitions has boosted my confidence. I have also learnt a lot from my experiences so far so I am hopeful that it will help me in the film industry and possibly even open more doors for me. However, my top priority will always be to represent Pakistan in good taste through my skills,” he said.\nToughgate Global president, Sonia Ahmed, shared she was impressed with Hassan’s talent. “We were expecting a lot from him as we worked very hard to groom him for these competitions. It’s not easy to compete against 60 other countries. Hassan mesmerised the judges when he performed on a Shehzad Roy song. In the future, we will surely involve him different film projects as well,” she said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line665984"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9646134376525879,"wiki_prob":0.9646134376525879,"text":"7 December 2021 / SF News / Jay Barmann\nBay Area Marks 80 Years Since Attack on Pearl Harbor\nTuesday marks the 80th anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor, and by extension the United States' entry into World War II over the following days. Commemorations are happening around the Bay Area, which is also home to a handful of the remaining survivors of the attack.\nThat \"day that will live in infamy\" happened on a Sunday morning, December 7, 1941. BuzzFeed has a series of photographs from the aftermath, showing flames and smoke rising from the massive Navy battleships that were torpedoed or bombed that day. The USS Arizona, USS Oklahoma, USS California, USS West Virginia, USS Utah, USS Maryland, USS Pennsylvania, USS Tennessee, and USS Nevada were all heavily damaged that day, and more than 2,400 Americans were killed, including over 1,000 civilians. The wreckage of the USS Arizona and USS Utah remain at the bottom of the harbor, with some of the dead still entombed there, while the rest of the ships were ultimately repaired and put back into use. Nearly half, or 1,177 of the dead were aboard the Arizona.\nA few dozen of the estimated 50 to 70 living survivors of the attack gathered in Oahu today to mark the 80th anniversary. One of those was 99-year-old Herb Elfring, who was assigned to the 251st Coast Artillery, part of the California National Guard, that December and recalls Japanese planes overhead and \"bullets strafing his Army base at Camp Malakole\" which was a few miles down the coast from Pearl Harbor.\n\"It was just plain good to get back and be able to participate in the remembrance of the day,\" Elfring tells the Associated Press, adding that he's been to about 10 of these memorial events over the years.\nThe capsized the USS Oklahoma and the USS Maryland, were two of the ships destroyed in the attack on Pearl Harbor. (Photo by © CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images)\nHere in the Bay Area, 102-year-old Warren Upton of San Jose recalls his harrowing escape from the sinking USS Utah, swimming to shore and helping a shipmate who couldn't swim. Upton is one of the last three living survivors of the USS Utah, which tipped over and sank that day.\n\"One thing I have to say is that war is hell,\" Upton tells the Mercury News.\n\"I try to look on the bright side,\" adds Upton, who also served in the Korean War. \"And remember that bad things do happen.\"\nUpton was attending a brunch Tuesday with some fellow Pearl Harbor survivors in Cupertino. And while the Navy offers a burial at sea — with an urn placed atop the wreckage of one of the sunken ships in Pearl Harbor — to those who survived the attack on one of those ships, Upton says he has no interest. \"I got off there once,\" he tells the Mercury News. \"I’m not going back.\"\nAt the California State University campus in Concord, a ceremony was being held Tuesday to remember Pearl Harbor, as they do every year. The campus is home to a Pacific War Exhibit, and in 2020, the U.S. Navy gifted a piece of the USS Arizona to the school in recognition of its annual memorials.\nOn the anniversary last year, the East Bay Times profiled three Pearl Harbor survivors, Michael “Mickey” Ganitch and Clarence Byal of San Leandro, and Earl “Chuck” Kohler of Concord.\nGanitch, 102, retells the story that he was suited up to play a football game that day, the so-called \"Super Bowl of the Navy,\" which his team from the dry-docked USS Pennsylvania would be playing against the USS Arizona.\n\"I had my [football] gear on me throughout the attack, they couldn’t hurt me,\" Ganitch told the East Bay Times. \"We never played the game. We had things to do, like fighting a war.\"\nAnd he says he spent part of the morning up in the crow's nest of the ship, reporting on the action. \"I had a bird’s eye view. I was higher than the main deck of the ship. I was higher up than some of the planes that were flying around there. Kinda scary,\" Ganitch said. He also remembers the oil slick catching fire on the harbor, surrounding them with intense heat.\nWhile most of those aboard the drydocked ship survived, Japanese bombers still hit the Pennsylvania with a 500-pound bomb, which Ganitch says missed him by 45 feet.\nThe Chronicle's Carl Nolte described, on the occasion of the 70th anniversary, how the attack on Pearl Harbor transformed the Bay Area permanently — both directly with the war effort and indirectly with mass industrialization and the growth of suburbs.\nRoughly two-thirds of all Army soldiers who served in the Pacific passed through Fort Mason, many seeing San Francisco for the first time and heading to war via the Golden Gate. The bridge and the Bay became powerful symbols to many, and as one historian, Neil Morgan, wrote, \"The veteran who had first seen California when in uniform was determined to have a piece of its future.\"\nThus California's population boomed after the war, and so did the Bay Area's. Our region had a population of under 2 million before the war, but following migration and the post-war boom, the Bay Area's population soared to over 3.5 million by 1960, and to 7.8 million today.\nTop image: Burning and damaged ships at Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941. Left to right are the USS West Virginia, the USS Tennessee and the USS Arizona. (Photo by © CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images)\nSoMa Sandwich Shop Deli Board Vandalized and Robbed, But Quickly Crowdfunds $13,000 For Repairs\nFriday Morning Constitutional: Big Rig at Fault In Deadly Richmond Bridge Crash\nDay Around the Bay: Casa Sanchez Building Officially Gets Historical Landmark Status\n‘Butt Divots’ Are Coming Back, as Muni Is Rolling Out New, Redesigned Train Seats\nYour “back door” will be more comfortable again on Muni trains, as SFMTA is rolling out a new fleet of seats, and two trains with the new seats are already in the wild.\nAnti-Vaxxers Bring Chaos to Healdsburg, Rallying Around Unvaccinated City Council Member\nA Healdsburg city council meeting turned into a mini-January 6 insurrection Monday, as anti-vaccine zealots stormed city hall and forced a council meeting onto Zoom.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1432575"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.615940272808075,"wiki_prob":0.615940272808075,"text":"Kensall D. Wise: Michigan, MEMS and Microsystems\nCatharine June • September 2, 2012\nThis retrospective of Kensall D. Wise, William G. Dow Distinguished University Professor Emeritus, provides a view of how he built a world-class program in MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS).\nKen Wise outside the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility\nKensall D. Wise, William G. Dow Distinguished University Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, officially retired in June, 2011, though he continues to participate in ongoing research projects – giving his colleagues hope that he will never truly retire.\nWhen Ken came to the University of Michigan from Bell Labs in 1974, he envisioned working with students and colleagues to expand his doctoral research in the use of silicon micromachining for neural probes. As the first hire in his field, the challenges were\nenormous – but Michigan now had Ken, and Michigan became Ken’s playground.\nWith his unique combination of boundless enthusiasm, inventiveness, practicality, focus on teamwork and education, and dogged determination, he built a world-class program in MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems) and microsystems that is supported by one of the top nanofabrication facilities in the nation.\nDivision News; Electronics, Devices, Computers; Kensall Wise; MEMS and Microsystems; Profile","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1850923"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8429556488990784,"wiki_prob":0.8429556488990784,"text":"NCAA to consider allowing athletes to profit from names, image and likeness\nBy Jill Martin, CNN\nPublished 9:15 AM EDT, Wed May 15, 2019\n'The first reality show': 'Hoop Dreams' at 25\nThe NCAA is going to start talking about the idea of updating its rules to compensate college athletes. However, the organization maintains it will not consider any concepts that could be construed as payment for participation in college sports.\nOn Tuesday, the NCAA announced that president Mark Emmert and the board of governors have formed a working group to examine issues related to athletes’ names, image and likeness.\nThe group will be made up of member representatives from all three NCAA divisions and will be led by Big East commissioner Val Ackerman and Ohio State athletics director Gene Smith.\n“This group will bring together diverse opinions from the membership – from presidents and commissioners to student-athletes – that will examine the NCAA’s position on name, image and likeness benefits and potentially propose rule modifications tethered to education,” Ackerman said in a statement.\n“We believe the time is right for these discussions and look forward to a thorough assessment of the many complexities involved in this area.”\nREAD: New Orleans Pelicans win the NBA draft lottery – and likely the Zion Williamson sweepstakes\nREAD: ‘We all have Hoop Dreams’ – Bittersweet tale of first ‘reality TV show’\nA final report will be turned in to the NCAA board of governors in October.\n“While the formation of this group is an important step to confirming what we believe as an association, the group’s work will not result in paying students as employees,” Smith said in a statement. “That structure is contrary to the NCAA’s educational mission and will not be a part of this discussion.”\nThe NCAA’s amateurism rules have been tested in recent years. Notably, former UCLA men’s basketball player Ed O’Bannon challenged the NCAA in 2009 for the opportunity for athletes to be paid for the use of their names, images and likenesses.\nIn 2014, U.S. District Judge Claudia Wilken sided with O’Bannon, ruling that the NCAA could set a cap on the money paid to athletes, as long as it allows at least $5,000 per athlete per year. However, that part of the decision later was overturned on appeal.\nCurrently, college athletes cannot earn money for autographs, which has gotten some in trouble in the past. Todd Gurley, for example, was suspended for receiving money for autographs in 2014 when he was with the University of Georgia.\nJohnny Manziel, then at Texas A&M, was suspended for the first half of a game against Rice in 2013 for what was called an “inadvertent violation regarding the signing of certain autographs.”\nIn March, Rep. Mark Walker, a Republican from North Carolina, announced the Student-Athlete Equity Act, legislation which would amend the definition of a qualified amateur sports organization in the tax code to remove the restriction on student-athletes using or being compensated for use of their name, image and likeness.\nThe NCAA’s press release Tuesday said the group was created “to examine issues highlighted in recently proposed federal and state legislation.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line533005"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5318242311477661,"wiki_prob":0.4681757688522339,"text":"Towed Car Earns Columbus Department of Safety a $500 Billion Lawsuit\nDanny Gallagher\nDanny Gallagher Published: June 9, 2012\nAn Ohio woman took the phrase \"frivolous lawsuit\" to a new level with her lawsuit over her towed car.\nMichelle R. Mathis of Columbus, Ohio asked for $500 billion in damages from the city after they impounded her 2002 Saturn SC2.\nShe claimed in her lawsuit that her car was towed as she was being treated at a university medical hospital for a medical procedure. She had been in a car accident and required some recovery time. She said she was unable to receive any mail during this recovery time, including any notification from the city's Department of Public Safety that they had taken possession of her car. She claimed that the city never even sent her a notification.\nThen after she was released from the hospital, she said she tried to recover her car but learned that the impound lot had sold it. So she filed the lawsuit seeking damages. Her lawsuit was filed in a handwritten document. She also claimed the city \"holds a grudge against her.\"\nThe lawsuit ruled against Mathis on the grounds that the city had not violated any constitutional laws by refusing to return her car and found no malfeasance to merit a $500 billion damage claim. The judge also dismissed the lawsuit.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1603411"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6702495813369751,"wiki_prob":0.6702495813369751,"text":"The Principal School Law receives the ULS recognition Award 2021\nProf. Christopher Mbazira, the Ag. Principal of the School of Law Makerere University has received the 2021 award from Uganda Law Society (ULS) for his Distinguished service in the Promotion of Legal Education.\nProfessor Mbazira, who is also coordinator of the Public Interest Law Clinic (PILAC) was recognized for entrenching the use of Clinical Legal Education methodology in the training of Law students.\nIn a statement shared on the ULS social media platforms, it was stated that Professor Christopher Mbazira has also spearheaded the mainstreaming of Social Justice and Human Rights across the School curricular. ‘He was one of the 9 academic staff who approached the supreme Court of Uganda and were admitted as amici in the 2016 Presidential Elections.\nA number of persons and organizations have applauded the ‘well deserved’ award by Uganda Law society.\nIn the year 2012, Prof. Christopher Mbazira started Public Interest Law Clinic and with the 12 pioneer students, the School of Law started a journey of training a new cadre of social justice lawyers. The Mission of PILAC is ‘to promote social Justice through legal education, legal research, legal aid, public interest litigation and building strategic partnerships.\nA practical experiential training has been emphasized through programs like The Community Law and Mobile Clinic, (CLAPMOC) which involves students supported by advocates reaching out to the poor and less served communities to address the identified social justice issues through literacy sessions as well as provision of free legal services.\nThe Clinical Legal Education (CLE), a law module has been mainstreamed in most programs in the Law School. If offers experiential teaching approach intended to equip law students with public interest lawyering skills.\nStudents also learn through Internships and Externships where they experience real life legal problems and this serves as an opportunity for them to collaborate with various organizations and legal practitioners working on specific problems.\nIn April 2017, PILAC was accredited as a legal aid service provider by the Uganda Law Council. The establishment of a fully -fledged walk- in legal aid unit at the School of Law exposes students to learning opportunities from real cases.\nOther pedagogical methodologies include Public Lecture Series designed to create a forum to discuss contemporary law and justice issues at the University. The Guest Lecture series that enable students to interact with experts in a given field.\nHarriet Musinguzi\nPrincipal Communication Officer School of Law\nIsemaghendera Alex, Web Administrator School of Law","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line819980"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5179769396781921,"wiki_prob":0.5179769396781921,"text":"Full Report from Maiden Edition of the Jewel Writing Workshop 2020\nTeach Socially>\nApplied Worldwide partners with Jewel Writing Workshop to help support writing mentorship in Nigeria.\nPost author:Adamu Usman Garko\nPost category:Professional Development / Teach Socially\nThe influx of many young talented writers in Nigeria with neither support nor mentorship has called for immediate intellectual action. Unlike other writers that are being supported massively by government and private agencies, Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs), teen writers are left to wander aimlessly in the open field of creative productivity.\nTherefore, the young award-winning writer, Adamu Usman Garko, author of “When Day Breaks” and a winner to many local and international competitions, including the 2020 Nigeria Prize For Teen Authors, swung into action with the creation of an initiative, Jewel Writing Workshop which the first maiden held on the 31st October, 2020 at National Library Gombe branch.\nJewel Writing Workshop was initiated to nurture and mentor young aspiring writers to regurgitate their silent rich talents through the art and principles of writing, and to encourage and make vivacious their zeal. The Initiative aims at linking up these young aspiring writers with support from different enthusiastic organizations that are always ready to support their intellectual compositions. Aside nurturing and grounding them in art and principles of writing, the program also establishes a solid connection between teen writers and different highly prolific mentors that are willing to share their experiences and views.\nThe first maiden edition targeted 50 teenagers who are mostly in junior and senior secondary schools, who followed a systematized selection process. The call for Participation was released on social and other media to allow for interested participants to apply. To much of our surprise, before the set out deadline, we almost doubled the target which necessitated additional screening procedures; and the deadline was extended to reach out to those offline in order to objectively have a balanced candidature.\nThereafter, a team was established to monitor screening and selection processes. And a host of other professional writers, including facilitators for the workshop were organized to come up with the modus operandi of how the workshop and facilitation should be, and how evaluation and assessments of the candidates will be at the end of the workshop.\nOPENING CEREMONY:\nIn the morning around 7am, the convener, Adamu Usman Garko and his team arrived at the venue of the event carrying along with them: customized jotters, pens, sound system, banners and refreshment.\nImmediately after arranging seats and sorting out management stuff in the right direction, roles and responsibilities among volunteers were shared. The team members began to wait for the arrival of the participants. Not very long after, they began to arrive one after the other, obviously anxious and eager.\nSequel to the arrival of the participants, the committee in charge of verification organized and set the participants on process. The participants were duly verified, registered and ushered into the hall with well-arranged seats. Once a participant was verified and registered, a customized jotter, a pen and a tag would be given to them. Immediately the registration was over and everyone happily seated, the opening ceremony started, as scheduled from 10am-11am.\nThe Workshop was anchored by Sadiq Yahaya the initiative and as well a linguist and one of the great literary enthusiasts in northern Nigeria. The opening session began with the introduction of the purpose of the workshop where the convener, Adamu Usman Garko spoke on the aims of the workshop which as he said was “ bridge the gap between young writers and highly prolific writers. It will also create an avenue for young writers to stabilize their feet in the open field of writing”. Other objectives include contributing to qualitative education in the country and eradication of illiteracy through workshops, distribution of books, etc.\nThe host of the event, Abubakar Yakubu served as the keynote speaker during the opening ceremony. He talked on the importance of reading as a tool to better one’s craft as a writer. He also urged young people to actively participate in critical reading, because reading was the key to meaningful writing. He finally called upon aspiring writers to make sure their writings are qualitatively made to impact and effect or intrigue changes in the society.\nWith his encouraging and challenging words, Muhammad Gaude, the president of Gombe Jewel Writers’ Association came on to wrap up the opening ceremony with a speech on why the workshop came at the right time when free mentoring platforms were extremely scarce, more especially for young writers.\nWORKSHOP SESSION:\nThe participants were divided into three groups.\nThe first group were the most matured ones who were also better at the craft. In order to expose them to hands-on experience on the creative writing processes, Uzairu Uba, an all-around literary giant got them through as their facilitator for the whole workshop time.\nThe second group were average participants , but they were also excellent in their own capacity and their passion to enhance themselves was genuine. In order to give them two distinct experiences, Sadiq Yahaya took charge of them through the poetry writing process, and Ibrahim Sambo, an intellectual and a highly gifted story writer put them through the prose writing session\nThe last group were the youngest in age and in grasping of knowledge as it relates to the writing processes. Muib, an educationist who is also an astute writer took them through introductory writing Skills, and instigated them to wholeheartedly embrace reading, dearly.\nAnd all the groups were given exercises, tests and assignments to bring during the closing. They were also linked with platforms, for instance Gombe Jewel Writers Association, Creative Club Gombe State University etc to get more drilled online and offline. And short and long term targets were set for the participants to carry out the principles of the art of writing bestowed to them, through a consistent care of their various facilitators especially online. This was meant to provide sustainability to knowledge and experience given to them.\nCLOSING CEREMONY:\nThe closing ceremony started at exactly 4pm on that very day. Attendance at this stage of the event was not restricted. It was open to everyone. Important guests from without and within Gombe state graced the event.\nThe participants during the closing have written from what they have learned poems, short stories and other literary writings which they were given the opportunity to present. This was aimed to demonstrate the impact of the workshop practically on them. Sadiq Yahaya moderated the session.\nAfter opening with the national anthem, Muib Introduced the purpose of the event on behalf of the workshop facilitators, where he expressed the cooperation and enthusiasm that dressed the participants throughout the workshop session. This as he said “was an encouragement for the convener to do more and to prepare for more”. Usman Nurain Muhammad, PR expert, writer and the author of “High School Verses” gave an astonishing welcome address to the invited guests, participants and invitees. Thereof, the anchor took over and introduced the keynote speaker and other Special guests of the event.\nThe Director-General of Centre for Information and Development Agency, Dr. Y.Z Ya’u served as the keynote speaker. He spoke extensively on the topic: “Digital Opportunities for Young Writers. In his words: “I am impressed by the passion, commitment, resourcefulness and determination by both the young writers and those workshop facilitators. Here we have young people trying to find the skills to craft their stories without support from the government and our rulers.”\nLecturer with the department of English, Gombe State University Dr. Yunana Ahmed spoke on the topic: “Creativity a No Man’s Field”. It was really an enticing lecture that invigorated the audience and especially the participants towards innovation and creativity. And the last presenter, Ahmed Musa Hussain spoke on the topic: “Self Development: A Key to Unlocking 21st Century’s Fortunes”. It was a speech that so much focused on the quest for self discovery and improvement of the self literarily, especially leveraging on the enormous inborn talents and creativity that we have as youths.\nAfter receiving poetry rendition by one of the facilitators, Uzairu Ubah, the guest of honor, Muhammad Gaude, president of Gombe Jewel Writers Association gave a tantalizing remark from whence certificates were given to all the participants and facilitators. Along with the certificates was also a poetry book, “When Day Breaks” by Adamu Usman Garko, which was given to all the participants. Thereafter, the event was wrapped up with closing remarks by the convener.\nFinally, after the recitation of the national anthem, Group photographs were taken and the event was declared closed.\n1. Center for Development and Information Agency\n2. National Library Gombe Branch\n3. Fombina Imprints\n4. Applied Worldwide\nAdamu Usman Garko\nAdamu Usman Garko is a short story writer, an essayist and poet. He is the author of When Day Breaks, a collection of poetry, which was listed among the 15 Best Published Books in 2018 by DailyTrust newspaper; also, the book is a recommended text for 400l English students of Gombe State University in 2019. He is the 2020 winner of the Nigeria Prize for Teen Authors He is the convener of Gombe Book and Arts Festival, an in-coming literary festival in Nigeria to kickstart in 2020. You can connect with Adamu Usman Garko on Twitter.\nThe Sociological Studies and Solutions to Teachers’ Problems in Nigeria\nWorkbooks: A New Approach for Teaching Online Sociology Courses\nIs there Good Work to be done with a Master’s in Sociology?\nThe Story of @SociologyTheory: Part 1\nStudent-Centered Teaching in Sociology\nReasons to Use Twitter in the Sociology Classroom","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line682043"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.780418336391449,"wiki_prob":0.780418336391449,"text":"Home / Industry / Infotech / SMS revolution for the disabled\nSMS revolution for the disabled\nCo-founded by Arun Mehta in 2009, Bapsi helps people who have limited access to information because of their disability. Photo: Ramesh Pathania/Mint\n3 min read . Updated: 17 Aug 2016, 02:01 AM IST Sohini Sen\nApps created by Bapsi help deaf-blind people communicate using vibration as a medium on their smartphones\nNew Delhi: Almost a decade ago, Arun Mehta was delivering a talk in Bengaluru about technology access for the disabled, when he felt fingers touching his throat. Zamir Dhale, a young deaf and blind boy, was trying to feel the vibrations on his throat as he spoke. Dhale’s inability to communicate led Mehta to speak to Fernando Botelho, a visually-impaired software developer from Brazil.\n“We decided to try using Morse code in SMS,\" says Mehta, president of Bidirectional Access Promotion Society (Bapsi), a non-governmental organization (NGO). Bapsi was established in 2009 by Mehta and his partner Vickram Crishna in New Delhi.\nBapsi’s aim was to increase public awareness on the potential of telecommunications, broadcasting and Internet as well as to enable maximum access at the lowest costs.\nBapsi supports the “information poorest\", people who have limited access to information because of their disability and information is not presented in a user-friendly way.\nFor example, the Morse code generally replaces letters with long and short sound or light signals. But, for children like Dhale, who have multiple disadvantages, it would have to include the sense of touch.\nThe team at Bapsi started working on the Vibration Series in 2012. With the help of Anmol Anand, an intern at Bapsi, they created applications that would help deaf-blind people communicate, using vibration as a medium, on their phones.\nOf these, PocketSMS (an SMS app that uses vibrations as in Morse code to read text), Narangi (a slate for deaf and blind children, where once the sketcher traces his or her drawing, it vibrates) have already helped improve lives.\nBapsi is a winner in the inclusion & empowerment category of the mBillionth Award South Asia 2016, organized by the Digital Empowerment Foundation for the Vibration Series project.\nMehta, an Indian Institute of Technology alumnus, is a software writer, teacher, disability activist and human rights activist, while Crishna is a technologist, human rights and personal privacy protection activist.\nBapsi has been able to attract some institutional support—$20,000 from the International Development Research Centre for Bapsi’s SKID project and a grant worth $21,000 from the Information Society Innovation Fund for the Vibration Series.\nMehta explains that Bapsi is not looking at fund-raising right now. “Technology moves so fast. In 14 months, the project might not even be relevant,\" he says.\nThe other challenge lay in the financial aspect of the target audience, or those who suffer from more than one disability, such as deaf-mute, blind-mute etc. Mehta found out that a severely disabled person in the US, on an average, spends $20,000-25,000 a year on technology—beyond what most families can afford in India.\nIt is probably the reason why Mehta and Crishna, through many Right to Information (RTI) petitions, could not find a single deaf-blind person in the education system in India, in spite of half-a-million deaf-blind people in the country.\n“When we started with the project, we wanted to understand things such as the demographics, where are they, and how educated are the parents,\" says Mehta.\nThe growing popularity of smartphones has changed a lot of things for disabled people. Earlier, a disabled child would be conscious of taking a text-to-speech device out to a public place. “But now, it is not a stigma to be carrying access technology anymore,\" he says.\nBapsi’s applications are free to download from the Google Play Store. “Our distribution is worldwide, but we don’t know who our clients are,\" says Mehta, who is soon going to start teaching open source software at Sharda University and hopes to take the project forward with its help.\nThe other challenge lies in the fact that parents want to send their special needs children to regular schools.\nBapsi’s role increases from just designing the software required to teaching the caregiver how to use the software.\nThe NGO has been working on developing technology that would allow a normal school teacher to teach a class of disabled persons.\nBapsi is looking at developing technology that is much cheaper—around $500-1,000 for the entire class and will approach the government once there is a prototype.\nMint has a strategic partnership with Digital Empowerment Foundation, which hosts the Manthan and mBillionth awards.\nmint-india-wire digital-edge","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line889354"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9929341077804565,"wiki_prob":0.9929341077804565,"text":"Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh\nLife of Prince Philip the Duke of Edinburgh commemorated with new £5 coin to mark Armed Forces Day\nThe design on the coin was approved by the Duke himself before he died earlier this year\nNylah SalamMultimedia Reporter\nGold coin commemorating the life of the Duke of Edinburgh (Image: PA)\nA new £5 coin commemorating the life of Prince Phillip, the Duke of Edinburgh, has been unveiled.\nThe limited edition coin features a portrait of the Duke and was approved by him just weeks before his death on April 9, 2021.\nYesterday (Saturday, June 26) marked the Armed Forces Day on which the coin was launched.\nREAD MORE: Palace admits it ‘must do more’ to improve ethnic diversity among staff\nChancellor Rishi Sunak said: “This coin is a fitting tribute to the Duke of Edinburgh, who moved and inspired so many people around the world with his decades of service both to the nation and Her Majesty the Queen.\n“I’m proud to unveil the coin on Armed Forces Day, considering his distinguished naval career and unwavering dedication to our monarch and to his royal duties, and it is only right that he and the Queen are depicted together on both sides of it.”\nSign up to the HertsLive newsletter below for the latest news straight to your inbox:\nThe coin will be struck by the Royal Mint and is available from its website, as well as post offices around the UK and special stockists across the Commonwealth and worldwide, the Treasury said.\nThe Royal Mint will also make a £50,000 donation to the Duke of Edinburgh’s Award to support its community work in the UK and internationally, it added.\nThe Duke of Edinburgh served as the president of the Royal Mint Advisory Committee for 47 years.\nThe design drawn by artist Ian Rank-Broadley was approved by the Duke and the coin bears the inscription 'HRH The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh 1921-2021'.\nSilver and gold limited edition coins (Image: PA)\nThe coin is legal tender but has been designed as a limited-edition collectable or gift and will not be entering general circulation, the Treasury said.\nAnne Jessopp, chief executive of The Royal Mint, said: “Since the passing of the Duke of Edinburgh in April, many have commented that he led a life well-lived.\n“He was the longest-serving consort in British history, and patron or president to over 750 organisations – including The Royal Mint Advisory Committee.\nEnter your postcode below for the latest events happening in your area:\n“The Royal Mint has marked significant Royal events for centuries and is honoured to unveil an original new coin which celebrates the life and legacy of a remarkable man.\n“It feels fitting that this coin – which was personally approved by the prince – will also support the work of The Duke of Edinburgh’s Awards.\n“The awards have benefited millions of young people since they were formed in 1956, and are perhaps Prince Philip’s greatest legacy.”\nWatford FC hands out 300 jabs in one hour at 'Super Sunday' Covid walk-in clinic\nHertfordshire couple bought a £460,000 cottage in Wales without ever stepping inside","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1009048"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.682723879814148,"wiki_prob":0.682723879814148,"text":"Ceo lauren | bmgt 317\nWrite two paragraphs explaining each of the parties’ point of view – Lauren’s as well as the CEO’s. Explain your final decision on whether or not to go through with the sale as well as WHY this is your decision.\nDiscuss the advantages and disadvantages of using a group decision making process versus an individual decision making process by applying these concepts to the case study.\nDiscuss Lauren’s bias in her decision making process and how it may have affected her choice to make the decision alone.\nIdentify the CEO’s bias that may have entered the decision making process.\nDiscuss the business related facts within the scenario to develop an argument in favor of a group decision versus an individual decision.\nYou must use course material to support your responses and APA in-text citations with a reference list.\nLauren Becall is the top salesperson for Mudge Paper Company. She also leads the sales team that supports Mudge’s largest client, Bart’s Office Supplies. Bart’s is an international office supply chain that is growing rapidly. During the month of May, Lauren and her team members, Andy Griffith and Ronnie Howard, underwent intense negotiations with Bart’s purchasing agent, Jack Black and Bart’s CEO, Cary Grant, to restructure the current sales contracts.\nThe new contract spelled out Bart’s yearly paper requirements (contracted sales amounts) as well as payment and credit terms. The negotiations had been particularly hard for several reasons:\nBart’s sales had increased internationally causing shipping and custom duties to increase the cost to Mudge, resulting in an increase in sales price to Bart’s;\nThe volume of sales directed to Bart’s required Mudge to offer a volume sales discount to remain competitive with other paper companies;\nBart’s wanted a longer time to pay on the purchases. Bart’s wanted 60 days to pay on orders invoiced rather than the current 30 days;\nBart’s also wanted Mudge to extend its current credit line from $850,000 to $1,250,000;\nMudge’s CEO (Jimmy Cricket) was reluctant to tie so much of the company’s cash flow to the success of Bart’s. The concern was raised because in the last six months, Bart’s was paying down the credit line every 60 days rather than in the 30 days that had been agreed to in the current contract. Bart’s did not appear to have credit issues but Mudge was not in a position to give interest free loans for 60 days.\nThis week, in time for the Memorial Day holiday vacation, the final agreement was reached between Mudge and Bart’s. Bart’s would contract to purchase $1,750,000 of paper products from Mudge. Invoice payment terms were 45 days, with a 3% interest on invoices paid later than 45 days. The credit limit was extended to $1,000,000. Lauren Becall was not completely happy with the contract, as she felt Mudge was not protected from cash flow damage should Bart’s not pay on time, not to mention the larger line of credit. Still, the parties agreed, including her boss who was skeptical for the same reason as Lauren. The parties were due to sign the contract on Tuesday after the Memorial Day holiday.\nOn Friday evening, Lauren was packing her belongings readying to leave the office for the Memorial Day holiday, when her cell phone pinged. The caller was Jack Black, the Purchasing Agent for Bart’s. It appeared that a recent deal on Bart’s end with UMGC tripled its need for copy paper from Mudge. This deal would raise the total contract sales to $2.5 million. Jack Black made it clear that he wanted to change the credit limit from $1 million to $1.5 million and to extend the payment terms from 45 days to 50 days. Bart’s would not pay interest on late invoices until after 60 days. Black also made it clear to Lauren that if the new terms were not agreed on by the end of that Friday evening, he would be prepared to look at an offer supplied to him by Bart’s biggest competitor, King Paper. Black further stated that, while Bart’s is pleased with Mudge’s work, money is always the most important factor in purchasing. Bart’s president wanted an immediate answer so he could go on vacation with a clear mind. Lauren was aware that most of Jack’s talk was a negotiating technique, but did not doubt that there is competition waiting in the background. Images of last month’s teamwork ran through Lauren’s mind as she listened to Black talk.\nLauren winced at the memory of her teammate Griffith’s constant posturing in front of Black and the Bart’s CEO. She had hoped to be able to pick her own team when she was promoted to leader but that was not to be. Andy Griffith is a problem on this team. All month long, he had challenged her ideas in front of Bart’s CEO. Lauren knows that she was promoted over Griffith because her sales record was 20% higher than his was and she could close a deal better than he could. Griffith resents her promotion and reminds Lauren, as often as possible, that he brought in the Bart’s account and that he and Bart’s CEO have a great relationship. They play golf together and often go to dinner together with their wives. Lauren thinks Griffith is a good salesperson, but believes he should not be on this team. The tension is at times very thick especially during the negotiations this month. Griffith seemed to want to give away the store.\nUnfortunately, Ronnie Howard seemed to be sitting on the fence when it came to the negotiations. Lauren had expected that Ronnie would support her negotiation position with the client rather than Griffith’s because it protected Mudge. Since Ronnie was the niece of Mudge’s owner and CEO, Lauren believed she should be supportive of protecting the company’s money. Still, Ronnie was the one who came up with the idea of paying interest on the late invoices. It just seemed to Lauren that one day Ronnie was agreeing with Griffith and on another day with her. Lauren supposed that it was Ronnie’s new position at the company that made her want to please everyone, including Griffith. Lauren believed that pleasing people is a nice gesture but does not add to the efficiency of the team’s decision-making. Lauren believed that Ronnie would be looking for the general thoughts of the group, so she could appear to agree with the group.\nOverall, the month’s negotiation process had been long and difficult. The thought of going over it all again to make the changes seemed mind-numbing to Lauren. Yet, making the decision on her own would mean obligating the company to an even greater cash flow commitment. Her boss would not be happy with this obligation because he specifically warned her when they started that there was nothing to prevent Bart’s from continuing to pay its bills every 60 days despite the new contract agreement. Lauren rationalized and thought to herself, “Bart’s knows we are not likely to cut them off easily. They are too big a customer to us. However, the extra sales volume should offset the lost interest due for ten days on late invoices.”\nLauren told Black that he could tell the CEO that she would agree to the terms. When Lauren hung up the phone, she said aloud to nobody in particular, “I supposed I should have consulted the group, but it was worth the risk of not having to make another team decision.”\nAssignment: You are Jimmy Cricket, CEO of Mudge Paper Company and Lauren’s boss. You have come into the office early on the day after the Memorial Day Holiday to find Lauren’s report on your desk explaining the events of the Friday before and her subsequent decision. You are not happy because this is the exact reason why you wanted group decisions and, as a result, you would like to bring Lauren up on the carpet ASAP. However, you decide to take a moment and collect your thoughts.\nYou decide to ask Lauren to explain her reasoning behind making the decision solo as opposed to having the group decide. You also decide to explain why you wanted the group to make decisions of this kind.\nhttp://payforessayonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/whatsapp-logo-1.jpeg 0 0 Pay for essay online http://payforessayonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/whatsapp-logo-1.jpeg Pay for essay online2021-12-15 10:01:492021-12-15 10:01:49Ceo lauren | bmgt 317\nMarjory gordon’s functional health patterns nursing essay. Nurs 6221 | NURS 6221 – Managing Human Resources | Walden University","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1560678"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5755325555801392,"wiki_prob":0.42446744441986084,"text":"Eve 6 offer free download of Friend Of Mine\nEve 6 are offering a brand new acoustic version of their song ‘Friend Of Mine’ which originally appeared on their 2003 album ‘It’s All In Your Head’. Listen to the song above and grab your download here.\n‘It’s All In Your Head’ is the band’s latest release but they have entered the studio to record a brand new album which may be released later this year.\nDownloads, News\nGreen Day release lyrics for brand new song Amy\nJesse Leech demoing solo material for album","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line407772"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9182391166687012,"wiki_prob":0.9182391166687012,"text":"Dangerous Migration\nWarmer temperatures in high elevation regions are leading to spread of mosquitoes and vector-borne diseases.\nI t is a winged migration that has researchers and health officials alarmed.\nAs highland regions in Africa and the Americas experience warmer temperatures, disease-carrying mosquitoes, which thrive under such conditions, have slowly been making their way upslope, putting people at risk for viruses that previously affected only populations in lower-lying regions.\n“It’s one of the more interesting findings that’s backed up by field observations,” says Douglas O. Fuller, professor of geography and regional studies in the University of Miami’s College of Arts and Sciences, who studies the distribution patterns of mosquitoes around the world.\n“What we’re seeing most likely is upslope migration, particularly in the Andes, of some vectors,” Fuller says. “As climate changes and tropical bioclimatic zones shift upslope to replace temperate zones, a lot more people will be exposed to disease.”\nAgencies and institutes like the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. Global Change Research Program have all sided with that view, warning that vector-borne diseases will spread more widely as the planet continues to heat up.\nGeography Professor Douglas O. Fuller uses a laser rangefinder to measure tree canopy heights. Trees and shrubs are ideal resting habitats for mosquitoes because they provide excellent shade and sugar-feeding opportunities between blood meals.\nUM College of Arts and Sciences, @UMCAS\nMiller School of Medicine, @umiamimedicine\n“There’s been a big debate in the literature about malaria being found at higher and higher elevations as a result of climate change, with melting snows of Kilimanjaro, for example, being a primary indicator of how things are changing in the montane regions of Africa,” explains Fuller. “Well, the same thing is happening in the Americas, but there hasn’t been a lot of attention in the literature.”\nFuller has studied mosquito populations using environmental remote sensing and other geospatial technologies for years. More recently he has concentrated on spatial modeling, mapping urban sites throughout the Americas and in Haiti where disease-transmitting vectors can be found. His digital precision mapping technique uses environmental data such as climate layers to reveal the probability of a species occurring within a specific pixel on a map.\n“And we’ve been pretty successful,” he says. “The idea is that some of these maps will feed into mosquito control efforts and help local authorities do a much better job at targeting whatever elimination or control activities they’re engaged in—whether it’s spraying, the distribution of bed nets, or more public awareness about areas that are likely to be at higher risks.”\nIn his crosshairs: the Anopheles mosquito, which can spread malaria.\n“We’re now at a point of talking about the elimination of malaria in Mesoamerica, where the vectors are still there but transmission rates are now fairly low,” says Fuller. “We’re not really seeing outbreaks, but if we turn our backs and don’t continue elimination efforts, malaria can pop up again.”\nFuller is an expert in tracking mosquitoes. About ten years ago he helped develop a model to predict dengue fever outbreaks in Costa Rica using data showing a link between transmission rates of the disease in that country and the occurrence of certain environmental conditions such as fluctuations in sea-surface temperatures.\nHe’s also conducted fieldwork in West Africa and is currently collaborating with John Beier, professor of public health sciences at the Miller School of Medicine, on a project focusing on the distribution of Aedes aegypti breeding sites in Honduras.\nNow, everybody’s focusing on the Aedes aegypti because of their ability to transmit multiple viruses. It is the original yellow fever mosquito.\n“We’ve been wrestling with that critter for a long time,” Fuller says of Aedes aegypti, noting that the mosquito has garnered more and more attention in the research community because of its ability to transmit multiple viruses such as chikungunya, dengue, and Zika.\n“One of the sad facts of life is, despite all the efforts to wipe out certain insect species by bombing with DDT and taking other extreme measures,” Fuller says, “we’ve never been able to cause one of them to go extinct.”\n- Robert C. Jones Jr. / UM News","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1286222"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5796189904212952,"wiki_prob":0.5796189904212952,"text":"Transformers: Age of Extinction\nMy View: Transformers: Age of Extinction (2014) PG-13 Four years after the invasion of Chicago, a mechanic (Mark Wahlberg) and his daughter (Nicola Peltz) find a broken down semi -truck. It turns out the truck is a deactivated Optimus Prime. The mechanic fires up the truck and starts a chain of events that could destroy the world. If you like dumb, pointless movies with loads of bad dialogue and action sequences that make no sense, then this is your movie. It’s one long (almost three hours) mess of a film franchise that has never valued its human actors over the robots. The first third of the film was promising, as we got to know Wahlberg’s character and his first interactions with Optimus. But, by the end, we really don’t care what happens. Yes, there are robots riding dinosaur robots, but, at this point, we don’t care, and we just want all the robot violence to end. By the there are so many product placement products in this film, it would make a great drinking game. The film is not worth seeing in 3-D, and there are no bonus scenes during the credits. Mr. Bay, I would like my 3 hours back, now! My Rating: You Would Have to Pay Me to See it Again Transformers: Age of Extinction Website\nIndiefest: Obvious Child (2014) R A standup comedian (Jenny Slate) gets dumped by her boyfriend in the bathroom of a comedy club. She finds out that her day job, at a bookstore she loves, is closing. After doing a miserable standup routine while drunk, she meets a nice guy and sleeps with him. A few weeks later she discovers that she is pregnant and makes the decision to have an abortion. Now, the question is, does she tell her parents, and, more importantly, the guy she slept with? This is a downright funny film, and Jenny Slate is perfect in the role of a girl with a wicked sense of humor whom you just can’t help rooting for. The film is getting a lot of attention due to the topic of abortion is the centerpiece of the film, but it’s really a movie about relationships. How we try to hang on to old ones, how we need our close friends and family for support, and how we must be open to new ones is what this film is about. I laughed throughout this romantic comedy, finding myself falling in love with Jenny Slate, and I think you will too. My Rating: Full Price Obvious Child Website\nIndiefest: Ivory Tower (2014) PG-13 A documentary about the high cost of college and dealing with the mounting problem of student loans. This is an interesting film that looks at the high cost of higher education and how the student loan system has become such a big business. What I liked about this film is it explores a number of solutions to the problem, whether it be online education or non-traditional education (like a college in Death Valley that is on a working ranch). It’s a film that any parent needs to see and the debt of student loans (more than the credit card debt in this country) is something that needs to be explored. My Rating: Full Price Ivory Tower Website\nIndiefest: We Are the Best! (2013) Three girls, Bobo (Mira Barkhammar), Klara (Mira Grosin) and Hedvig (Liv LeMoyne) in 1980’s decide to form a punk band. The only problem - they can’t play any instruments. Oh, and, by the way, they are told that punk is dead. This is a joy of a film to watch as the three actress give incredible performances. Grosin, who plays the outspoken Klara, pinballs from scene to scene with energy of a girl who wants to get everything she can out of life. LeMoyne, playing the more restrained Hedvig, has real musical talent and a nice presence on screen. The film relies on Barkhammar as Bobo, to carry the film and she does so with ease. The musical soundtrack helps the film move along, using old punk songs from the late 70’s and early eighties. This is one of those films that you are glad you spent some time with the characters. My Rating: I Would Pay to See it Again We Are the Best! Website\nForgotten Film: Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down! (1989) NC-17 A former mental patient (Antonio Banderas) seeks out a former lover (Victoria Abril), who happens to be an actress and part-time porn star. When she rebukes his marriage proposal, he kidnaps her and holds her prisoner. This film isn’t for everybody, but I found it funny and extremely witty. Banderas is the best he has ever been in this film and has chemistry with Abril, who plays the woman he is trying to make love him, even though his methods are a bit extreme. Directed by Pedro Almodovar, it’s a film that never takes itself seriously. It’s a movie that just should be enjoyed. My Take: Full Price Tie Me Up, Tie Me Down! Info\nWeird Credits: From the credits of Transformers: Age of Extinction: sculptor gang boss\nComing Soon to a Theatre Near You: Boyhood (2014) R The buzz from critics on this Richard Linklater film is hitting a fever pitch. The film about a boy growing up, was shot over a 12 year time period. The film stars Ellar Coltrane, Patricia Arquette, Ethan Hawke, and Elijah Smith. Boyhood Website\nLabels: Boyhood, Ivory Tower, Mark Wahlberg, Nicola Peltz, Obvious Child, Optimus Prime, Transformers, Transformers: Age of Extinction, We Are the Best\nMy View: Jersey Boys (2014) R The film tells the story of four young men from the wrong side of the tracks who become the bestselling singing group, Frankie Valli and the Four Seasons. There are so many things that are wrong with this movie. First, this is a movie with songs, not a musical (even though it’s based on the long-running Broadway musical). What I mean by that is, in a musical a character breaks out into song, usually to express what is happening or how they are feeling. In this film, each song is done when they perform in front of an audience (state fair or Ed Sullivan show), or they are in a recording studio. The film is incredibly choppy, and the narrative between songs jumps around the timeline very quickly. One minute one of the characters is happily married, the next scene his marriage is in trouble due to him sleeping around and his wife becoming an alcoholic. The characters narrate the film while talking to the camera, which can work in certain films (like Ferris Bueller’s Day Off (1986) but in this film, it works to make the film slow down and rarely gives us any insight to what is happening. The film has an R rating, solely due to the language in the film. It’s a film where the Mob is involved heavily with the band, but there is almost no violence or sex. There is an incredibly creepy moment in the film when Valli, trying to comfort his daughter, sings \"My Eyes Adored You.\" Finally, while John Lloyd Young comes close to singing like Frankie Valli, he has no charisma on screen, something the real Valli had just standing on stage. All more frustrating is, during the closing credits, there is a rousing musical number with the whole cast singing and dancing in the streets of New Jersey, showing the potential of this film. I wish someone creative, like Martin Scorsese, would have directed this film. Instead, it’s Clint Eastwood, who plays it too close to the vest and gives us a boring film with songs. My Rating: Cable Jersey Boys Website\nIndiefest: The Grand Seduction (2014) PG-13 A small fishing village must get a lucrative business contract to escape financial ruin, but their odds are slim as a town doctor is needed to land the contract. The problem is they've been searching for years for a doctor, and no one has taken the bait. After the mayor skips town, resident Murray French (Brendan Gleeson) takes it upon himself to find his village a doctor. The town is able to get a doctor to come but only for thirty days, now they must convince him that this town is paradise. This is a delightful film to watch, a kind of combination of Northern Exposure meets Waking Ned Devine. Taylor Kitsch (yes, that Taylor Kitsch) is perfect as the big city doctor that the town is trying to woo. Brendan Gleeson is brilliant as the fisherman who has a plan to save the town. This is one of those films that you will want to buy to watch when you need a laugh. It's incredibly well done and a joy to watch. My Rating: Full Price The Grand Seduction Website\nForgotten Film: Murderball (2005) R This is a documentary about a group of young men who are quadriplegics who play full-contact rugby in wheelchairs. The men are trying to make it to the Paralympics in Athens. It’s a rough sport and the men in this documentary hold nothing back, whether talking about the injuries, their sex life or how they compete in a grueling, tough sport. It’s an inspiring film that makes you appreciate life and all it has to offer. My Rating: Full Price Murderball Fan Site\nIn Memory of Ed Wood (A Movie I’ve Only Seen in Trailers But Just Looks Like a Bad Idea): Dolphin Tale 2 (2014) PG I liked the first film, but it’s very hard to capture the magic twice. Dolphin Tale 2 Website\nIn Case You Missed It (A Film Just Released on DVD/Blue Ray): The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014) R Gustave H (Ralph Fiennes) is one of the best concierges in the world, and he works at the famous Grand Budapest Hotel. He hires Zero Moustafa (Tony Revolori) as a lobby boy. Now, Gustave and Zero are about to go on a great adventure. An absolute joyride of a film that takes a Wes Anderson (the director) type of film and adds the Marx Brothers to it. Fiennes is hilarious in the role of the stuck up, pompous concierge with a heart of gold. Revolori, as the “Lobby Boy,” perfectly works off of the energy of Fiennes creating great chemistry between them. An absolute delight of a film. My Rating: I Would Pay to See it Again The Grand Budapest Hotel Website\nWeird Credits: From the credits of Jersey Boys: pig wrangler\nComing Soon to a Theatre Near You: Life Itself (2013) R Documentary on one of my heroes, the Pulitzer Prize winning Roger Ebert. Ebert was an incredibly talented writer who could make a film review seem like a work of a master artist. Ebert was a flawed man, who battled many problems, but ultimately, he was a man who loved life. I am guessing I will shed a tear or two watching this film. Life Itself Website\nLabels: Brenden Gleesom, Dolphin Tale 2, Frankie Valli, Jersey Boys, John David Young, Murderball, The Four Seasons, the Grand Seduction, The Last Seduction\nMy View: 22 Jump Street (2014) R The boys are back! Schmidt (Jonah Hill) and Jenko (Channing Tatum) have left high school behind and now are ready to go undercover at the hallowed halls of a local university. Now that they are big men on campus, will their friendship survive? I wasn’t a huge fan of the first film, but I did like some of the comedic moments, especially when some of the TV cast showed up. I was mildly amused by this film but was put off by the number of jokes making fun of how homosexual Schmidt and Jenko’s relationship seems to be. Too often the film went for the easy joke and sometimes it felt like we were watching a live action cartoon. At one point I swear I heard the Benny Hill theme music. I did enjoy the performance of Jillian Bell, who plays a roommate with an attitude. I think some people will enjoy this movie, but I can say I only liked it. There is a funny sequence during the first part of the closing credits, and there is a very small bonus scene at the end of all the credits. My Rating: Bargain Matinee 22 Jump Street Website\nFamily Faire: How to Train Your Dragon 2 (2014) PG It’s been five years since Hiccup (Jay Baruchel) and Toothless the dragon saved the day and created peace between the dragons and the Vikings. Hiccup and Toothless stumble upon a faraway cave that houses hundreds of new wild dragons. The two friends discover that there is evil brewing as there is a Viking named, Drago (Djimon Hounsou), that plans on conquering the world. I loved the first film and I very happy to say that the sequel is it’s equal, and due to the excellent animation, maybe even better. The storyline moves at a quick pace, and the characters are fun and well developed, and the animation is incredibly detailed and colorful. It’s film that kids and adults will both love, possibly seeing it several times. The film also has a great message about friendship, family and taking responsibility. Go see this film in 3-D, as it uses the technology to great advantage throughout the film, especially during the flying sequences. My Rating: I Would Pay to See it Again How to Train Your Dragon 2 Website\nForgotten Film: Cat Ballou (1965) A young woman (Jane Fonda) wants her murdered father avenged. She hires a gunfighter (Lee Marvin) to fight her battles but she doesn’t realize that there is one problem, the gunfighter is a drunk. This is a hilarious comedy that makes fun of all the arch-typical western stereotypes. Fonda is excellent as the girl who thinks just about everything in the west is amazing. Marvin is brilliant as the boozing gunfighter, Kid Shellen, making this film so much fun to watch. My Rating: Full Price Cat Ballou Info\nIn Memory of Ed Wood (A Movie I’ve Only Seen in Trailers But Just Looks Like a Bad Idea): Step Up: All In (2014) PG-13 Dancers from the previous films compete in a dance off in Las Vegas. I think I will sit this one out. Step Up: All In Facebook page\nIn Case You Missed It (A Film Just Released on DVD/Blue Ray): Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (2014) PG-13 Jack Ryan (Chris Pine) is a junior analyst for the CIA. When he uncovers evidence of an imminent terrorist attack, he is sent to Moscow to continue his investigation. He encounters Viktor Cherevin (Kenneth Branagh) who is intent on taking down the world’s economy. I enjoyed this action film, especially the interplay between Pine and Kevin Costner, who recruits Pine’s character into the CIA. My Rating: Bargain Matinee Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit Website\nWeird Credits: From the credits of 22 Jump Street: Football coordinator\nComing Soon to a Theatre Near You: Snowpiercer (2014) R In the future, almost all life on Earth has perished. The only people still alive are on a train that travels across the globe. The film sounds really weird but the trailer makes it look awesome. Snowpiercer Website\nLabels: 22 Jump Street, Cat Ballou, Channing Tatum, Chris Pine, How to Train Your Dragon 2, Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit, Jay Baruchel, Jillian Bell, Jonah Hill, Kenneth Branagh, Step Up: All In\nMy View: The Fault in Our Stars (2014) PG-13 Gus (Ansel Elgort) is a cancer survivor with a prosthetic leg. Hazel (Shailene Woodley) has cancer, and her constant companion is an oxygen tank. They meet at a cancer support group and fall in love. Just how long will this relationship last? Get out your box of tissues (you will need a full box), and get ready for an excellent story of how thrilling first loves can be and how life can be so unfair. Woodley, in her best performance to-date, is magical as the girl fighting cancer with her attitude and her heart. Elgort is perfectly cast as the boy with a great sense of humor who falls hard for Hazel. Their chemistry is amazing to watch, and there is a real connection between the two. While cancer is present in almost every scene (almost as its own character), the real heart of the story is about two people finding each other and accepting that they must make every moment count. My only complaint (and it’s a small one) is that there were moments in the film where I got choked up, but there never was that big, hard hitting emotional spot, just a whole bunch of little ones. My Rating: Full Price The Fault in Our Stars Website\nIndiefest: Cold in July (2014) R Awakened in the middle of the night, Richard Dane (Michael C. Hall) kills an unarmed intruder in his home. When the dead man’s father (Sam Shepard) shows up, Richard feels threatened. So he hires a private detective (Don Johnson) to protect him and his family, but things just get more and more complicated. I loved this suspenseful film that had numerous twists and turns with one big twist that I didn’t see coming. Hall does an excellent job of playing a man who gets deeper and deeper into a situation that he isn’t equipped to handle. Shepard is perfect as a man who could explode at any moment. I loved Don Johnson as the outrageous P.I., chewing up scenery with gusto. This is a brilliant film that keeps you on your toes. My Rating: Full Price Cold in July Website\nIndiefest: Words and Pictures (2014) PG-13 Dina Delsanto (Juliette Binoche) is an artist who has developed rheumatoid arthritis. She needs help on a daily basis to get around, so she moves to a new town and begins teaching at a prestigious private high school. She instantly clashes with the English teacher, Jack Marcus (Clive Owen), an alcoholic writer who hasn’t written anything in years. Now the question is which is more meaningful…words or pictures? Binoche and Owen are let down by the script, which starts out strong but ends up being predictable and heavy-handed. The film works best during the first half where the two characters are debating, but as the film progresses, and the two become more than just colleagues, their chemistry seems to fizzle. My Rating: Bargain Matinee Words and Pictures Website\nForgotten Film: Klute (1971) R John Klute (Donald Sutherland) is a Private Investigator who is hired to find out what happened to a businessman who has been missing for six months. His only clue - a handwritten obscene letter written to a Manhattan call girl (Jane Fonda) by the missing man. Now, Klute is part of a cat and mouse game where no one can be trusted and his life may be in danger. This is an interesting film where you really don’t know what is going on or whom you can trust. Sutherland is very different in this role, playing a man who isn’t too sure of himself or his abilities. Fonda is absolutely gorgeous and is perfect in the part of the call girl who is in way over her head. It’s a film that will keep you guessing until the very end. My Rating: Full Price Klute Info\nIn Case You Missed It (A Film Just Released on DVD/Blu-ray): Son of God (2014) PG-13 The story of Jesus (Diogo Morgado) from his humble beginnings, his lifelong teaching, his crucifixion and to his resurrection. Morgado is admirable in the role and has a pleasing presence on the screen with the perfect amount of charisma the part needs. I felt that while Son of God isn’t a bad film, it just doesn’t bring anything new to the story of Jesus. My Rating: Bargain Matinee Son of God Website\nWeird Credits: From the credits of The Fault in Our Stars: Textile Artist\nComing Soon to a Theatre Near You: Wish I Was Here (2014) Zach Braff is a father who, at age 35, is still trying to find his way. His life is changed when he takes his kids out of private school and begins home schooling them. I really enjoyed Braff’s first film that he wrote and directed, Garden State (2004), so I can’t wait for this one. Wish I Was Here Website\nLabels: Ansel Elgort, Clive Owen, Cold in July, Don Johnson, Juliette Binoche, Michael C. Hall, Sam Shepard, Shailene Woodley, Son of God, The Fault in Our Stars, Wish I Was Here, Words and Pictures, Zac Braff","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line219952"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8616792559623718,"wiki_prob":0.8616792559623718,"text":"Nominations now open for both S.C. Arts Awards\nNominations are now open to honor persons or organizations in South Carolina who exhibit the highest levels of achievement, influence, or support of arts and folklife with the South Carolina Arts Awards.\nSouth Carolina Governor’s Awards for the Arts\nThe South Carolina Arts Commission (SCAC) is accepting nominations for the South Carolina Governor’s Award for the Arts, which recognizes persons or organizations in South Carolina who exhibit outstanding achievement or support of the arts. The Governor’s Awards use a simple, online nomination process, and all it takes to make a nomination is one letter, which should describe the nominee’s exemplary contributions to the arts in South Carolina in these categories: Artist, Individual, Arts in Education, Government, Business/Foundation, and Organization. A nomination letter should address any characteristics included in the category descriptions. The nomination letters are due Friday, Nov. 5, 2021 at 11:59 p.m. ET.\nFor complete nomination guidelines or more information about the South Carolina Governor’s Awards for the Arts, visit SouthCarolinaArts.com or contact Senior Deputy Director Milly Hough: [email protected] or 803.734.8698.\nJean Laney Harris Folk Heritage Awards\nThe SCAC, with McKissick Museum at the University of South Carolina, honors the state’s exceptional folklife and traditional arts practitioners and advocates with the Jean Laney Harris Folk Heritage Awards. The South Carolina General Assembly created the awards in 1987 to recognize lifetime achievement in the traditional arts and presents them annually to honor the work of stewarding and furthering the traditional arts significant to communities throughout the state.\nMcKissick Museum is collecting nominations until Friday, Nov. 5, 2021 at 11:59 p.m. ET. For additional information and advisement, contact museum Executive Director Jane Przybysz: [email protected] or 803.777.7251.\nThe South Carolina Governor’s Awards for the Arts and Jean Laney Harris Folk Heritage Awards are presented at the South Carolina Arts Awards ceremony in the spring. Nine distinguished recipients were recognized in May 2021 for exceptional achievements in, support of, or advocacy for the arts at a professional produced virtual ceremony. Details about the 2022 South Carolina Arts Awards will be announced later.\nAbout the South Carolina Arts Commission\nThe mission of the South Carolina Arts Commission (SCAC) is to promote equitable access to the arts and support the cultivation of creativity in South Carolina. We envision a South Carolina where the arts are valued and all people benefit from a variety of creative experiences.\nA state agency created by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1967, the SCAC works to increase public participation in the arts by providing grants, direct programs, staff assistance and partnerships in three key areas: arts education, community arts development, and artist development. Headquartered in Columbia, S.C., the SCAC is funded by the state of South Carolina, by the federal government through the National Endowment for the Arts, and other sources.\nPrevious Post: Joe Wilson Bus Tour 2021\nNext Post: Ed White endorses Tifani Moore for LR5 School Board","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line173038"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5247024893760681,"wiki_prob":0.4752975106239319,"text":"O’er the Fields\nNovember 23, 2018 /in Flash Prose, Flash Prose, Winter-Spring 2019 / by Andie Francis\nIt was true it was Christmas. It was my first day in Phnom Penh. My boyfriend bought our tickets for Cheong Ek, a genocide memorial site. Yes, perhaps I was an artist when I agreed. My boyfriend adjusted the headphones, his best friend took a Klonopin.\nThe tour began with facts. A curator’s voice told us that in four years, an estimated 1.5 million Cambodians died under Pol Pot’s regime, many of them in “killing fields.” I listened to this section twice. My stomach tensed up as if a ball were being thrown at me, again and again.\nTourists gravitated toward a monkey pod tree (the “Killing Tree”), which executioners used to beat children to death in front of their mothers. The sun suspended from its pendulum rod. The air was a taut sheet. Before we left for Cambodia, my boyfriend suggested we unpack the Christmas tree. What for? I asked.\nBeneath the Killing Tree, fragments of bone and red cloth had surfaced on the dirt paths. In another killing field 100 miles south of Phnom Penh, local villagers have raided bones looking for gold jewelry to sell for food. Days later, we won’t think twice when ordering Tomb Raider cocktails in Siem Reap. A mediocre drink made of Cointreau, lime juice and tonic water, it was invented for Angelina Jolie, a refreshment after a long day on set raiding the tombs of Angkor Wat. We slurp them down and buy Christmas gifts in the open-air market of Psar Chaa: embroidered flats, earrings, and sundry baubles.\nThe truth is, I heard my boyfriend and his friend laugh about the red fabric materializing on the path’s surface. He mentioned how his mother used to plant red fabric in the chimney flue to simulate Santa’s tattered ass. I always thought she got the fabric from JoAnn’s, he said. I told them to shut up and finished the audio tour on my own, falling purposely behind. My boyfriend’s best friend said to me, laughing, I’ve been here too many times.\nThe tour led me to another monkey pod tree known as the Magic Tree. It was used to hang a loudspeaker. Khmer Rouge had blasted music from the speaker to drown out the sounds of victims being executed at night. The pock-marked fields behind the Magic Tree were mass graves. There were signs telling us how many victims were buried without heads, that many were naked. I was asked how I felt by another woman tourist. The graves were surrounded by wooden fences with friendship bracelets knotted to them. From the bushes, a boy asked me for money, his feet resting on a lower rung of the fence that guarded the mass graves. I did.\nAs I stood at these landmarks, I no longer wanted to go out for Christmas. Still, we ate lemongrass curry with rice noodles and Angkor beer at a Cambodian restaurant in a French colonial building. We visited a bar where the DJ, who had an impressive record collection, agreed to play our obvious request: “Holiday in Cambodia” by the Dead Kennedys. We took a picture next to a Santa mannequin. At another bar, we were meant to lose games of Connect Four to bar hostesses. And we did. Every time we lost, we owed a “ladies drink” to our competitor. Turns out, they pocketed a dollar off the top. I had no idea what I was doing there. When we arrived back at our hotel bar, they played different versions of “Jingle Bells” on repeat. I wanted to hear “o’er the fields we go” without the “ha-ha-ha.”\nIn the memorial stupa, there were 9,000 skulls stacked one on top of the other. Signs told us which heads were injured by which tool: hoe, axe, hook knife. Red and blue stickers told us male or female, under twenty years old. The tour ended with a roomful of portraits. The Khmer Rouge took a photograph of each prisoner both alive and dead. There was an image of a woman prisoner with her baby. I wanted to have something to say when I met my boyfriend and his best friend outside. Something smart, careful. It could have been any one of us, and yet I knew that wasn’t true. The faces from the photographs were once the faces on those skulls. Instead, I said nothing. It was just me and the pendulum sun, finding a slight way to disappear, a way back to the hotel.\nAndie Francis is the author of the chapbook I Am Trying to Show You My Matchbook Collection (CutBank Books 2015). She holds an MFA from The University of Arizona, and is an assistant poetry editor for DIAGRAM. Her work appears in Berkeley Poetry Review, Cimarron Review, Columbia Poetry Review, Greensboro Review, Portland Review, TAMMY, and elsewhere.\nPhoto Credit: Lawrence Lenhart\nhttps://lunchticket.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/lunch-ticket-logo-white-text-only.png 0 0 Sara Voigt https://lunchticket.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/lunch-ticket-logo-white-text-only.png Sara Voigt2018-11-23 11:33:142018-11-24 11:37:13O’er the Fields","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1343160"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.682485818862915,"wiki_prob":0.682485818862915,"text":"Agilis Biotherapeutics’ AADC Gene Therapy Ready for Submission to FDA\nby Joana Carvalho | February 19, 2019\nOnly 18 months after its initial licensing, Agilis Biotherapeutics‘ gene therapy for aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency has been deemed ready for submission to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).\nGiven its rare disease status, with roughly 120 cases of AADC deficiency described to date, this is a “remarkable pace of successful drug development,” researchers say in the case study, “Acceleration of rare disease therapeutic development: a case study of AGIL-AADC,” published in Drug Discovery Today.\nAADC deficiency is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the DDC gene, which provides instructions to make the AADC enzyme. This enzyme is necessary for the production of neurotransmitters — chemical substances that allow communication between nerve cells — in the brain.\nHowever, when AADC malfunctions, infants may experience severe developmental delays and movement impairments that usually emerge during the first year of life and remain forever.\nOne of the most promising therapeutic avenues for AADC patients is gene therapy, because it enables the correction of faulty genes in a specific and efficient manner.\nAgilis — now part of PTC Therapeutics — in collaboration with the National Taiwan University (NTU) developed a new type of gene therapy (AGIL-AADC) aimed to increase the amount of AADC in the brains of patients with AADC deficiency. It uses an adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver healthy copies of the gene, in an attempt to normalize the production of neurotransmitters and improve patients’ neurological function.\n“Once the Agilis team established the license agreement for AGIL-AADC with NTU in January 2016, it was clear that a considerable amount of time and resources would need to be invested to gain FDA approval,” the researchers wrote.\nThis involved the formation of a partnership between Agilis and the Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to facilitate the development of AGIL-AADC, and the announcements of promising and accurate data from clinical trials for AGIL-AADC.\nThe first proof-of-concept compassionate study for AGIL-AADC, including eight children younger than 8 years old with AADC, was the first evidence that long-term gene therapy might improve neurotransmitters’ production and children’s motor function.\nThis was followed by an open-label Phase 1/2 trial (NCT01395641) undertaken in Taiwan involving a total of 10 patients under 8 years old that confirmed AGIL-AADC was safe and highly effective for children with severe AADC deficiency.\n“By July 2017, after a year of intensive work requiring sourcing data to the case records, database auditing, and further statistical analysis, a comprehensive data package was presented to an FDA review panel, which judged AGIL-AADC to be [ready for a biologics license application] ready. In merely 18 months, AGIL-AADC has been accelerated through a translational ‘Valley of Death’ and is now positioned for FDA submission and review and potential U.S. approval,” the investigators wrote.\n“This case study of Agilis demonstrates the power of public-private partnerships and international collaboration orchestrated by a committed and focused small private biotech. With the proper alignment of stakeholders, the challenges of rare disease drug development can be addressed more successfully, and life-saving therapies need not fall through the cracks,” they concluded.\nPTC is planning to submit a request for FDA approval in 2019 and begin AGIL-AADC’s commercialization upon approval.\nJoana Carvalho Joana holds a BSc in Biology, a MSc in Evolutionary and Developmental Biology and a PhD in Biomedical Sciences from Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Her work has been focused on the impact of non-canonical Wnt signaling in the collective behavior of endothelial cells — cells that made up the lining of blood vessels — found in the umbilical cord of newborns.\nAGIL-AADC, Agilis Therapeutics, biologics license application, BLA, FDA, gene therapy, PTC Therapeutics","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line653341"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9248514771461487,"wiki_prob":0.9248514771461487,"text":"What country is r. o. c.?\nRussia was banned from the Olympics when sanctioned by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) after it was accused of running a state-backed doping program. Russia has been allowed to get around this by competing under R.O.C., which stands for Russian Olympic Committee.\nWilliam MacLeod\nWhat is r. o. c. country?\nWhat country is abbreviated r. o. c.?\nWhich country is abbreviated r. o. c.?\nWhat country is p. r. c.?\nWhat country is r. p. c.?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1445592"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9732003808021545,"wiki_prob":0.9732003808021545,"text":"officer randolph holder\nSuspect in custody after NYPD cop fatally shot in the head\nSuspect in custody after NYPD shot, killed\nEAST HARLEM, N.Y. -- A career criminal wanted by police in the shooting of a gang member last month is expected to be charged in the deadly shooting of NYPD Officer Randolph Holder on a pedestrian bridge after stealing a bike in East Harlem on Tuesday night, investigators said.\nPolice have identified Tyrone Howard, 30, as the suspect in custody. Howard has multiple prior arrests, they said. Howard had also been wanted in connection with a Sept. 1 shooting in Manhattan, said James O'Neill, the NYPD's chief of department. Investigators suspected Howard had shot at a member of the East Army gang, but he wasn't arrested because he skipped out on court dates and police couldn't track him down at his home, O'Neill said.\nFamily and friends paying respects at family home of fallen NYPD officer #RandolphHolder in Far Rockaway. pic.twitter.com/5HRCFvOOyn\n— CeFaan Kim (@CeFaanKim) October 21, 2015\nOn Tuesday night, Holder and his partner responded to a report of shots being fired at around 8:30 p.m. near a public housing development at 102nd Street. They saw people shooting at each other, and asked for assistance. According to the NYPD, many officers responded.\nPolice said Howard fled toward the FDR Drive promenade where he stole a bike and headed north. Holder and his partner caught up to the suspect on a pedestrian overpass that spans the FDR at 120th Street. Police said Howard fired and Holder was struck in the front of the head. Holder's partner returned fire, police said. Howard fled down a river path near the highway, tossing his gun and ammunition along the way, according to police.\nPHOTOS: NYPD officer shot, killed in East Harlem\nNYPD officer shot in East Harlem\nAn NYPD officer was shot Tuesday night after he responded to shots fired and chased a suspect to a footbridge at the FDR Drive.\nDuring a search, police apprehended Howard, who had been wounded, at East 125th Street. The suspect was taken to New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and has been released into police custody.\nA gun and a bicycle were recovered at the bridge, police said. Divers found a loaded magazine from a semiautomatic pistol in the Harlem River. Ballistics were recovered on the FDR Drive.\nThe three other men are in custody in connection with the initial shots that were fired, preceding the officer's shooting. Those shots were fired from up to three separate weapons, investigators said.\nHolder, 33, was assigned to PSA 5, which polices the city's public housing developments. He was a five-year veteran and native of Guyana.\nVIDEO: Officer killed was member of NYPD for 5 years\nOfficer killed has been member of NYPD for 5 years\nHolder, 33, was assigned to the New York City Police Department's PSA 5, which polices the city's public housing developments.\n\"Our hearts are heavy and we offer our thoughts and prayers to his family who are experiencing unimaginable pain as we saw when we met with them earlier this evening,\" Mayor Bill de Blasio said.\n\"Say a prayer that this family will get through this emptiness that they will always have,\" said Pat Lynch, Patrolmen's Benevolent Association. \"New York City police officers everyday go out and carry themselves like superheroes but the reality is when we're attacked we bleed, when we bleed we die and when we die we cry.\"\nVIDEO: NYPD names Tyrone Howard as suspect in shooting death of officer\nNYPD names suspect in shooting death of officer\nThe New York City Police Department has named the suspect in the fatal shooting of an NYPD officer.\nIn honor of Holder, all flags in New York state and in New Jersey were lowered to half-staff immediately until the day of Holder's interment.\nNationwide, 100 officers have died in the line of duty so far in 2015. NYPD Officer Brian Moore, 25, was killed on May 9 during a patrol. A suspect was charged with murder. And at the end of 2014, on Dec. 20, officers Wenjian Liu, 32, and Rafael Ramos, 40 were ambushed and killed by a man who said he wanted to kill some cops in Brooklyn. The suspect killed himself in a nearby subway station.\nDozens of Holder's fellow officers stood outside the hospital early Wednesday and saluted as the ambulance carrying their fallen colleague left. Afterward, many embraced one another.\n\"Tonight, he did what every other officer in the NYPD does when the call comes - he ran toward danger,\" Bratton said. \"It was the last time he will respond to that call.\"\nClick here for full coverage on the fatal shooting of NYPD Officer Randolph Holder.\nnew yorkpolice officer killedcrimearrestnypdofficer randolph holdershootingpolice officer shotu.s. & worldofficer killed","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1374559"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6781301498413086,"wiki_prob":0.3218698501586914,"text":"Coaldale man charged with sexual assault of teen\nRegistered sex offender Trevor Pritchard charged\nupdate January 25, 2017:\nThe Coaldale RCMP are continuing with their investigation of Trevor Pritchard, of Coaldale, Alberta. Two additional victims have since been identified. Pritchard will appear in Lethbridge Provincial Court on Jan. 25, 2017. At that time the following additional charges will be heard:\nSexual Assault Contrary to Section 271 of the Criminal Code\nSexual Assault with a weapon Contrary to Section 272(1)(a) of the Criminal Code\nSexual touching of a person under the age of 16 years Contrary to Section 151 of the Criminal Code\nCommunicate with a person under 18 years of age to commit a sexual related offence Contrary to Section 172. 1(1)(b) of the Criminal Code\nRCMP Alberta - On the morning of January 18, 2017 the Coaldale RCMP were informed of a sexual assault of a 15 year old female at a residence in Coaldale on Tuesday, January 17, 2017.\nThe initial complaint was lodged with the Lethbridge Regional Police Service and then turned over to the Coaldale RCMP. With the assistance of the Lethbridge Police Service and ALERT Internet Child Exploitation (\"ICE\") team, a search warrant was executed at a Coaldale residence in the early evening yesterday, Jan 18. During the service of the search warrant one man was arrested and taken into RCMP custody.\n32 year-old Trevor Pritchard, of Coaldale, who is a registered sex offender, has been charged with six criminal offences. They include:\nFor a sexual purpose unlawfully touch a person under 16 years of age Contrary to section 151 of the Criminal Code\nAbduction of a Person under the age of 16 Contrary to Section 280(1) of the Criminal Code\nUtter threats Contrary to Section 264.1 (1) (a) of the Criminal Code.\nCommunicate with a person under 16 years of age to commit a sexual related offence Contrary to Section 172.1 (1) b) of the Criminal Code\nCommunicate with a person under 18 years of age to commit a sexual related offence Contrary to Section 172. 1(1) (a) of the Criminal Code\nTrevor Pritchard has been remanded into custody and will make his next appearance in Lethbridge Provincial Court on January 25, 2017 at 9:30 am.\nIf you have any information about this matter, or believe you have any information about any other offences related to this matter, please contact the Coaldale RCMP at 403-329-5080.\nIf you want to remain anonymous, you can contact crime stoppers by phone at 1-800-222-8477 (TIPS), by internet at www.tipsubmit.com, or by SMS (www.crimestoppers.ab.ca for instructions). You do not have to reveal your identity to Crime Stoppers, and if you provide information to Crime Stoppers that leads to an arrest, the recovery of stolen property, and/or the seizure of illicit drugs, you may be eligible for a cash reward. Crime Stoppers does not subscribe to call display and the identity of the caller will remain anonymous.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line258788"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8797978162765503,"wiki_prob":0.8797978162765503,"text":"BREAKING: Donald Trump Invited All Living Presidents To His Inauguration, Guess How Many Are Attending?\nOne month out, Jimmy Carter is the only former president to RSVP to Donald Trump’s inauguration, while Bill Clinton and George W. Bush are putting off their decision until the new year.\nThe Clintons have been keeping a low profile since the election and have made no decisions about whether to attend, according to a person familiar with the planning.\nBush’s spokesman said that GWB will not announce whether he will attend until the new year, while a source familiar with the matter said Bush is also still weighing whether to show up. George W. Bush had tweeted out a statement of congratulations to Trump after the election, but neither he nor his father endorsed Trump, who often mocked his brother Jeb throughout the GOP primary.\nGeorge H.W. Bush has confirmed that he will not be at the inauguration, according to his spokesman, Jim McGrath, who cited the 41st president’s age, 92, as the reason why he will skip.\nFollowing tradition, all former presidents are invited to attend the ceremony on Jan. 20 when Trump will be sworn in. But not all living presidents have consistently attended the inaugurations of their successors.\nPresident Barack Obama in 2009 enjoyed the presence of all four living presidents— both Bushes, Carter and Clinton — at his first inauguration, but the Bushes skipped Obama’s second event in 2013, citing George H.W. Bush’s compromised health.\nSource: Truthmonitor\nRelated Topics:Donald TrumpNews","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1246374"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9644637107849121,"wiki_prob":0.9644637107849121,"text":"Enugu father hacks 32-year-old son to death for threatening to kill him\nRaphael Ede\nA 60-year-old father, Ikechukwu, has allegedly killed his son in Ogbozinne-Ndiagu Akpugo community, in the Nkanu West Local Government Area of Enugu State.\nThe father of four reportedly killed his son on Thursday on the claim that the 32-year-old allegedly threatened to kill him over issues yet to be ascertained.\nPUNCH Metro gathered that Ikechukwu and his son were at home when an argument ensued between them.\nWhen the argument became intense, the father reportedly placed a distress call to the chairman of Ogbozinne village, claiming that his son threatened to kill him.\nIn a bid to salvage the situation, the village chairman alerted the community chief security officer.\nOur correspondent learnt that the chairman and the CSO and his team rushed to Ikechukwu’s house with the intention of rescuing him.\nA source said when the group got to the house around 2am on Thursday, Ikechukwu’s son warned them against entering the compound.\n“After a while, Ikechukwu, who said he was held hostage by his son, came out and opened the gate. He asked the CSO and his men to tie the deceased till morning so his son would not kill him. However, while the security men were tying the boy, the father used an axe to cut his back.\n“The chairman and the security men later left the house after the deceased had been tied and dumped on the ground. Unfortunately, by morning, Ikechukwu called the community members that his son had died and that they should come and bury him,” the source added.\nLand sale: Police arrest man over hacking of visually impaired 94-year-old brother to death\nWoman flees as man hacks rival lover to death in Ogun\nAggrieved son hacks father to death over chicken, charged to court\nAnother source said the community members refused the request, as Ikechukwu threatened to employ labourers to dig a grave and get the police to supervise the burial.\n“Unfortunately for him, when he went to the Agbani Police Division to get policemen to supervise the burial, leaders of the community stormed the station and reported the incident and he was subsequently detained,” the source said.\nThe state Police Public Relations Officer, Daniel Ndukwe, confirmed the incident, adding that three suspects had been arrested.\nNdukwe said, “Three suspects have been arrested in connection with the case of alleged conspiracy and murder. Investigation is ongoing at the State Criminal Investigation Department, Enugu State.\n“The father of the deceased, the chairman of the community and the CSO are helping the police in their investigation.”\nContact: theeditor@punchng.com\nTags: Enugu father hacked to death","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line226501"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7766494154930115,"wiki_prob":0.7766494154930115,"text":"Ben Needham\nowner/principal designer\nBen Needham is designer and educator specializing in computer visualization. His work includes designs for Theatre, Television, Film and Theme Parks. He currently is the Resident Designer and Director of Technical Theatre for the Academy for the Performing Arts while also owning and operating Digital Squirrel Studio, a full service design studio located in Bedford Ohio.\nMr. Needham has designed over 500 theatre productions for a wide range of theatres, venues and touring groups. Past clients include Virginia Musical Theatre, Atlanta Lyric Theatre, Knoxville Opera, Lyric Opera of Cleveland, Porthouse Theatre, Sign Stage Theatre on Tour, Circle Theatre Orlando, Virginia Governors School of the Arts, and Beck Center for the Arts among many others. His design work features extensive computer pre-visualization to create virtual versions of the final designs during the conceptual phase of the process.\nMr. Needham’s Film and Television work includes feature and independent films, regional and national commercials and television shows as well as a national award show. Highlights include Set Designer on Stephen Spielberg’s LINCOLN which received the 20130Academy Award (Production Design Rick Carter), KILLING LINCOLN for National Geographic starring Tom Hanks, KILLING KENNEDY for National Geographic starring Rob Lowe, the HORATIO ALGER ASSOCIATION AWARDS filmed at Constitution Hall, Washington D.C., and the new AMC Productions new series TURN.\nOther notable works include, Designer for Inaugural season of Geauga Lake Amusement Park’s stage and water ski productions, Theming Design for a Motor-Sports Hall of Fame, Computer Rendering for many architectural projects and Animation Services for training and promotional events both local and national.\nAs an educator Mr. Needham has taught at high school, college and graduate levels having instructed in all aspects of technical theatre and animation. Among the schools Mr. Needham has taught at are The University of Georgia, Case Western Reserve University, Kent State University, Lake Erie College, Lakeland Community College, and the Performing Arts Academy at Chagrin Falls Schools.\nBen currently resides in Bedford, Ohio with his wife Christie and three children.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line774740"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5001029372215271,"wiki_prob":0.4998970627784729,"text":"Tag: defence force\nDo we need the intelligence services? Featured\nFebruary 7, 2021 by Socialist Party Zambia in Opinions\nOur intelligence officers – ba shushushu, ba OP – are hated and feared.\nIs this the way things should be? The answer is a categorical No!\nDo we need the intelligence services? Yes, we do.\nFrom time immemorial, nations, governments and communities have relied on intelligence as an essential guide to statecraft. It is on record, for example, that the Persian Empire, the Moguls of India and the City State of Venice utilised intelligence in a systematic manner as an essential feature of government. They recorded their concepts of intelligence in texts that are available for study today.\nIt is evident from this history that intelligence techniques have been used in pursuit of different objectives and that statecraft and its instruments are\nalways a reflection of the culture and value system of a given society.\nSome nations believed in conquest and the creation of empires that exploited the resources of their subjects. Others used intelligence as an instrument in pursuit of wars and military supremacy. Still others sought dominance in trade and wealth creation for themselves and their peoples.\nWith the emergence of modern democratic states – be they capitalist or socialist, a fundamental change has occurred in the nature of intelligence as an instrument of government.\nWhereas previously the emphasis was on the security of the state and the survival of the regime, now there is a strong emphasis on human security and\nhuman rights and freedoms.\nIn our country the Constitution is the supreme law and it enshrines the\nprinciples, culture and values of our multiparty democratic state and people. Our constitutional arrangements are not confined to setting out the distribution of power and the means for the peaceful change of ruling parties, presidents and settlement of disputes. The Constitution also reflects the basic values of our multiparty democracy and the economic and social principles for ensuring a cultured existence for all our people and their diverse political parties.\nUnlike many other jurisdictions, our Constitution provides expressly for the setting up of intelligence services as part of the security system in the country – Constitution of Zambia (Amendment) [No. 2 of 2016 81 Establishment of Defence Force and functions Establishment of national security services and functions (3) The Zambia Security Intelligence Service shall— (a) ensure national security by undertaking security intelligence and counter intelligence; (b) prevent a person from suspending, overthrowing or illegally abrogating this Constitution; and (c) perform other functions as prescribed.\nThere are also statutes that describe in detail the role and functions of the intelligence services – An Act to provide for the establishment of the Zambia Security Intelligence Service, its functions and discipline; and to provide for matters incidental thereto or connected therewith [1st October, 1974]; An Act to provide for the continued existence of the Zambia Security Intelligence Service, its functions and discipline; to constitute the National Intelligence Council and define its functions; to repeal and replace the Zambia Security Intelligence Service Act, 1973; and to provide for matters connected with or incidental to the foregoing [24th April, 1998. Whilst operational techniques of covert collection of information are secret, the rest of our intelligence activities should be open and above board. This reflects confidence that our objectives and policies are ethical, honourable and in accordance with fundamental human rights and freedoms.\nOur intelligence and other security services are not supposed to be oppressors of the people but protectors of their security and well-being. Hence our services are supposed to\ncount on the full support of the people. But that is not the case today – our security services are feared and even hated.\nThe intelligence function comprises the gathering, evaluation and dissemination of information relevant to decision-making, and may include prediction based on such information, as well as planning for future contingencies. In short, intelligence involves the acquisition of information and planning in exercise of all the intellectual tasks required of decision-makers. The relation between the intelligence function and community goals is particularly subtle: although intelligence operates within the frame of authorised goals, one duty of effective intelligence is to appraise these goals in the context of knowledge and, where appropriate, to bring new attention areas, for the purposes of goal clarification, to the focus of decision-makers.\nIntelligence is a critical function at all levels of decision-making, yet its very ubiquity seems to have obscured it from visibility to public inquiry.\nThere is no dearth of historical examples demonstrating the critical importance of reliable intelligence. Napoleon put it to use with devastating effect. Both Stalin and Hitler, in our own day, have shown that the utility of the most accurate and timely intelligence depends upon a decision-maker capable and willing to use it.\nWhat, then, are the ideal intelligence services we are striving for? We\nenvisage intelligence services that are fully conscious and proud of our multiparty democratic and constitutional foundations. We expect our intelligence\noperatives, researchers and analysts to be highly trained and sophisticated.\nThe main function of our services should be the collection of true and relevant information that can serve as a basis for first class decision-making on security.\nOur intelligence services must be seen to be collectors of information both inside the country and abroad, using human resources and the latest modern technology. They must rely on brains rather than brawn. They must be\neffective and efficient and deliver quality products superior to those ordinarily available.\nOur intelligence services are not and must never be another police service\nwith powers of arrest. It is true that the modern trend is to use the special methods of intelligence to assist the police in the realm of combating serious\ninternational crime syndicates, but essentially the services must aim at\nproviding information for decision-makers rather than prosecution or persecution of criminals.\nThe intelligence services have been given special powers but these powers\nmust be exercised in accordance with legislation, regulations, guidelines and\nrules. It is essential that intelligence services behave in an ethical and lawful manner. In Zambia these matters are considered so important that they are governed by the Constitution itself.\nIntelligence services have the particular misfortune of going unnoticed and\nunappreciated when they are successful. We wish to record our thanks to and\nrespect for the Zambian intelligence services and all their members, who\nmake a significant contribution to the security of our country and people.\nMultiparty democracy is founded on every citizen’s right to take part in the management of public affairs. This requires the existence of representative institutions at all levels and, as a cornerstone, a parliament in which all components of society are represented and which has the requisite powers and means to express the will of the people by legislating and overseeing government action.\nA multiparty democratic state must ensure the enjoyment of civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights by its citizens. Hence, multiparty democracy goes hand in hand with an effective, honest and transparent government that is freely chosen and accountable for its management of public affairs.\nPublic accountability applies to all those who hold public authority, whether elected or appointed, and to all bodies of public authority. Accountability has the political purpose of checking the power of the executive and therefore minimising any abuse of power. The operational purpose of accountability is to help to ensure that governments operate effectively and efficiently.\nFor this reason, no institution, function or act of the state, and no organisation or activity of the government can be exempted from public scrutiny and accountability.\nThere’s need to strengthen mechanisms of control of our civilian intelligence structures in order to ensure full compliance and alignment with the Constitution, constitutional principles and the rule of law, and particularly to minimise the potential for illegal conduct and abuse of power.\nThere’s need to review the executive control of the intelligence services; control mechanisms relating to intelligence operations; control over intrusive methods of investigation; political and economic intelligence; political non-partisanship of the services; the balance between secrecy and transparency; and controls over the funding of covert operations.\nThere’s need to bear in mind the fact that an effective state can contribute powerfully to sustainable development and the reduction of poverty. But there is no guarantee that state intervention will benefit society. The state’s monopoly on coercion, which gives it the power to intervene effectively in economic activity, also gives it the power to intervene arbitrarily. This power, coupled with access to information not available to the general public, creates opportunities for public officials to promote their own interests, or those of friends or allies, at the expense of the general interest. The possibilities for rent seeking and corruption are considerable. We must therefore work to establish and nurture mechanisms that give state agencies the flexibility and the incentive to act for the common good, while at the same time restraining arbitrary and corrupt behaviour in dealings with businesses and citizens.\nIt’s not the duty of the intelligence services to keep the incumbent president in power and help secure him a third term of office. It’s the duty of the intelligence services to ensure free, fair and peaceful elections and let the best candidates, the most supported and trusted candidates win.\nPresident of the Socialist Party","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line469590"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9369866847991943,"wiki_prob":0.9369866847991943,"text":"Walt Disney Imagineering debuts new website, social media presence\nby Brittani Tuttle November 15, 2019\nwritten by Brittani Tuttle November 15, 2019\nWalt Disney Imagineering has debuted a new website alongside new social media accounts on YouTube and Instagram to give Disney fans a deeper insight into the work behind the magic.\nPhotos courtesy of Walt Disney Imagineering\nThe website features the new logo for Walt Disney Imagineering, which takes on a classic look with Walt Disney’s signature.\nOn the site, fans can learn more about how Imagineering makes the impossible possible through the combination of imagination and engineering.\nOne section of the website, “Our Story,” details the history of Imagineering through the decades, from the 1940s all the way up to today – highlighting significant moments in the group’s history.\nAnother section of the site is “Our Culture,” which describes the community and work environment of Imagineering, which, as you can imagine, looks pretty fun despite all the hard work.\nIn the “What We Do” section of the site, fans can learn more about some of Imagineering’s more recent projects, like Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge and Pandora – The World of Avatar. There are even detailed descriptions of modern technology used in these projects, like the A-1000 animatronics, ‘stuntronics,’ and autonomous characters. The “What We Do” section also describes the creative process of Imagineering from conception to completion, as well as the impact of their work.\nThere’s even a section for careers and internships for the aspiring Imagineer, as well as details on the annual Imaginations Design Competition.\nAs for Walt Disney Imagineering’s new social presence, Disney fans can find them on Instagram @waltdisneyimagineering and on YouTube. The Instagram account only has two posts for now, but we are sure there will be more to come. The Imagineering YouTube channel is currently home to the webseries “Imagineering in a Box,” which shows viewers just what it’s like to work at Walt Disney Imagineering.\nFor those who want an even deeper dive into Walt’s historic “think tank,” a new 6-part docuseries called “The Imagineering Story” is currently streaming on Disney+. We’ll have a Q&A with the series’ director and documentarian Leslie Iwerks in our upcoming Winter issue.\nCheck out the trailer for “The Imagineering Story” below:\nThe Imagineering Story | Official Trailer | Disney+\nYou can check out the new website for Walt Disney Imagineering here.\nSeaWorld Parks to celebrate 36,000th animal rescue with Rescue Weekend\nNetflix, Nickelodeon form multi-year deal to produce original animated films, series\nSuper7 reveals Disney Ultimates collectible figures\n‘IT’ Neibolt House Experience coming to Warner...\nAttractions Adventures – Dropping Into Branson, Missouri","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line399912"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5468820333480835,"wiki_prob":0.5468820333480835,"text":"Brett Ball\nDr. Rachel Grant: Narrative Justice Project and Media Coverage of Communities of Color\nDr. Rachel Grant was interviewed on July 13, 2020 by Ph.D. student Brett Ball about her research and the new Narrative Justice Project. Below the video is an edited transcript of that interview. Ball: Tell us about the Narrative Justice Project. Grant: So the research project that I am working…\nWe Are CJC: Brett Ball\nWE ARE CJC is a multicultural initiative created to highlight and support the College’s diverse faculty, staff, and student body. In celebration of Black History...\nCJC Launches “We Are CJC” Multicultural Initiative\nThe University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications today launched “We Are CJC,” a multicultural initiative created to highlight and support the College’s diverse faculty, staff, and student body. In celebration of Black History Month, “We Are CJC” will highlight five Black, female faculty, staff and students who are…\nFor Us, by Them?: A Study on Black Consumer Identity and Brand Preference\nBlacks in the United States reportedly spend over $1.2 trillion annually with projected spending of nearly $2 trillion by 2021. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the number of Blacks in the U.S. will reach 61.4 million by 2050, making this group an ideal target for researchers, marketers, advertisers and…\nYulia Strekalova Co-Authors Two Chapters in New Mental Health Communication Book\nYulia Strekalova, University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications research assistant professor and director of Grants Development, is the co-author on two chapters in the new book Communicating Mental Health: History, Contexts, and Perspectives. The book, to be published on Dec. 15, explores mental health through the lens of…\nSTUDENT PROFILE: Brett Ball, doctoral student\nBrett Ball watched the time tick by as she sat on the couch of her newly assigned sports psychologist. It felt like she had lost everything. She spent her entire life preparing to be a basketball star, following a legacy of professionals in her family — both of her aunts…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line490452"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7237492799758911,"wiki_prob":0.2762507200241089,"text":"Ephraim Stern\nHome → Scientific Committee Members → Ephraim Stern\nEphraim Stern was the doyen of Israel archaeologists. As such he was, for 11 years, the chairman of The Archaeological Committee of Israel. Other chairs that he occupied in the past were that of the board of directors of the Israel Exploration Society as well as the renowned Ben Zvi Institute, named in honor of Israel’s second President. The committees chaired by him or in which he participated are too numerous to mention here.\nHis major activities, however, had always revolved around his fieldwork, when he led, or participated in, many digs, most prominently at Ein Gedi on the shores of the Dead Sea, at Tel Mevorakh and at Tel Dor, the ancient port city on the Mediterranean coast. He paid special attention to the cultural aspects of the Phoenicians. Notably he issued final reports for these and other sites and subjects.\nAbout him it can truly be said that only busy people can find the time to do so many things. In addition to his fieldwork and teaching chores, his public activities and participation, he served also as editor for a great variety of professional books, and periodicals such as the Encyclopedia Biblica and Qadmoniot. Notably he headed the huge team that produced the monumental 4-volume The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, published by Carta and the Israel Exploration Society, and volume 5, a 10-year update published by IES and the Biblical Archaeology Society.\nIn addition to his epic volume of professional literature, Ephraim published a number of academic titles for the general public.\nOver his long career he received many awards, among them the EMET prize on behalf of the Israeli Prime Minister and also from Yad Ben-Zvi, the American Society of Biblical Archaeology, The Israel Museum and Beer Sheva University.\nOn Wednesday, November 28th, 2012 / Scientific Committee Members / Comments Off on Ephraim Stern","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line972260"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5842447876930237,"wiki_prob":0.5842447876930237,"text":"What is a good net worth by age?\nA better indicator is the overall median net worth of U.S. households, which is $121,700….\nAge of head of family\nMedian net worth\nAverage net worth\n35-44 $91300 $436200\n45-54 $168600 $833200\n55-64 $212500 $1175900\nWhat can be done with 1 million dollars?\nWhat Can You Do With a Million Dollars?\nInvest in a Swanky New York City Apartment ($1.1 million)\nBuy a Lush Private Island.\nDrive a Fancy Sports Car.\nBuy a Painting by a Famous Artist.\nWear a Gorgeous Piece of Jewelry.\nGet a Hold of Rare, Vintage Comics.\nGet the Latest Million-Dollar Tech.\nPlan a Lavish Getaway.\nHow much money do I need to invest to make $3000 a month?\nIn order to get $3,000 a month, you would potentially need to invest around $108,000 in a revenue-generating online business. A growing online business is likely to give you more than $3,000 a month.\nHow long will it take to spend a million dollars?\nIf you start with $20,000 and save or invest an additional $400 each month while earning 6.00% on your money. Answer: You’ll have one million dollars in 39.83 years.\nHow much interest will 3 million dollars earn?\nHow much will an investment of $3,000,000 be worth in the future? At the end of 20 years, your savings will have grown to $9,621,406. You will have earned in $6,621,406 in interest.\nWhere can I retire on 2000 a month?\n10 places to retire abroad for less than $2,000 a month\nAbruzzo, Italy. Image credit: DEA / ARCHIVIO J.\nLas Terrenas, Dominican Republic. Image credit: Marka / Contributor, Getty Images.\nMedellin, Colombia. Image credit: Bloomberg / Contributor, Getty Images.\nCarcassonne, France. Advertisement.\nAlgarve, Portugal.\nGeorge Town, Malaysia.\nTralee, Ireland.\nCayo, Belize.\nCan I retire at 55 with 300k?\nIn the UK, you don’t need to wait until the state pension age to retire. You can generally access your pension pot from the age of 55. This means retiring at 55 is a very real possibility for Britons in their mid-fifties.\nWhat is the cheapest country to retire in?\nBelow, you can review our list of the cheapest countries where you can retire well.\nPortugal. Cost of Living Index: 50.39.\nMalaysia. Cost of Living Index: 39.38.\nSpain. Cost of Living Index: 54.70.\nCosta Rica. Cost of Living Index: 50.89.\nPanama. Cost of Living Index: 51.45.\nCzech Republic.\nPeru.\nSlovenia.\nWhat if you won a million dollars what would you do with the windfall?\nTo summarize, about half of the one million dollar windfall would go to giving and saving with the other half to investing in buy-and-hold cash flow producing real estate. The investing will hopefully produce many more millions of dollars over and over again.\nWhat is the average 401k balance for a 65 year old?\nAverage 401k Balance at Age 65+ – $422,960; Median – $165,740.\nWhat is a reasonable amount of money to retire with?\nMost experts say your retirement income should be about 80% of your final pre-retirement salary. 3 That means if you make $100,000 annually at retirement, you need at least $80,000 per year to have a comfortable lifestyle after leaving the workforce.\nWhat is the average retirement nest egg?\nCan you live the rest of your life on 10 million dollars?\nBy taking more risk, your 10 million dollars could conceivably generate $300,000 – $400,000 in retirement income. If so, you should be able to live well for the rest of your life. The one thing I must caution is having a retirement withdrawal rate much higher than 3X the risk-free rate of return.\nCan you live off 2 million dollars?\nEarning supplemental retirement income with two million dollars is a nice combination to retire comfortably. However, the ideal retirement net worth to shoot for is about $10 million. Once you get to $10 million, you can really live it up in retirement.\nHow long will $800000 last retirement?\nHow long will savings of $800,000 last? When will $800k run out? Your savings will last for 12 years and 8 months.\nThe short answer is, Yes. It is possible to retire at 55 with 300K in the UK.\nHow long will 500k last in retirement?\nKey Takeaways. It may be possible to retire at 45 years of age, but it will depend on a variety of factors. If you have $500,000 in savings, according to the 4% rule, you will have access to roughly $20,000 for 30 years.\nWhere can I retire on $3000 a month?\n15 Best Places to Retire on $3,000 a Month\nKnoxville, Tennessee.\nFort Smith, Arkansas.\nAlton, Illinois.\nBirmingham, Alabama.\nMemphis, Tennessee.\nSan Marcos, Texas.\nDuluth, Georgia.\nLouisville, Kentucky.\n“When you factor in the average monthly Social Security benefit of $1,381.79 and consider the average cost of living in the United States, $1 million could actually last as long as 29 years, 1 month and 24 days,” GoBankingRates.com “life and money” columnist Cameron Huddleston wrote.\nHow much should you have in 401k to retire?\nIf you are earning $50,000 by age 30, you should have $50,000 banked for retirement. By age 40, you should have three times your annual salary. By age 50, six times your salary; by age 60, eight times; and by age 67, 10 times. 8 If you reach 67 years old and are earning $75,000 per year, you should have $750,000 saved.\nWhat is the cheapest and safest place to live in the world?\n1. Porto, Portugal. Nomad List ranks Porto as one of the top safest places for expats and digital nomads. This stunning coastal city is located north of Lisbon and is best known for its port wine production.\nWhat net worth is considered rich?\nTo be among the richest 1% in the world takes over $744,000 in net worth, while to be in the richest 1% in the U.S. takes closer to $10 million in net worth. Wealth is relative depending on who you’re comparing, and what is considered “rich” varies by your age.\nHow much does the average American have in savings for retirement?\nNearly six in 10 have no retirement savings whatsoever. But financial experts advise that the average 65-year-old has between $1 million and $1.5 million set aside for retirement.\nHow much interest can 1 million dollars earn?\nThe first way where you can invest million dollars is through US Treasury bonds. The present rate for a 30 year US Treasury security is 3.08% so you would gain roughly $30,800 from the one million dollars every year.\nWhat is the average net worth of a 60 year old?\nWhat is the cheapest and safest country to live in?\nHere are 10 of the cheapest countries to live and work this year, according to meaningful travelers like YOU.\nVietnam. For those wanting to live and work in an exotic place, but not pay a fortune, Vietnam is any budget travelers dream.\nCosta Rica.\nBulgaria.\nMexico.\nSouth Korea.\nBest Cities to Retire on a Budget of $1,500 a Month\nGrand Forks, N.D.\nLawton, Okla.\nCedar Rapids, Iowa. Total Monthly Expenditures: $1,441.\nLorain, Ohio. Total Monthly Expenditures: $1,442.\nLubbock, Texas. Total Monthly Expenditures: $1,456.\nDavenport, Iowa. Total Monthly Expenditures: $1,472.\nCasper, Wyo. Total Monthly Expenditures: $1,473.\nIs 500000 enough to retire on?\nAssuming you have $500,000 in retirement, you could realistically withdraw $20,000 your first year of retirement. That amount would shrink incrementally each subsequent year, assuming zero portfolio growth. That’s assuming, however, that you wait until your full retirement age to claim Social Security benefits.\nHow long will a million dollars last in retirement?\nHowever, if you are no longer working, just how long will a million dollars last in retirement? The financial technology company SmartAsset looked at average household expenses and found that, nationwide, a $1 million nest egg should last 23.46 years.\nWhat are the 10 worst states to retire in?\n10 Worst States for Retirement\nRhode Island.\nNew Mexico.\nNorth Dakota.\nVermont.\nNebraska.\nCalifornia.\nPrevious Previous post: What is holistic and analytic scoring?\nNext Next post: What is the best answer for Tell me about yourself?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line567689"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.833099365234375,"wiki_prob":0.833099365234375,"text":"Chicago Med Bosses Reveal When Ethan Will Return For A 'Moving Story' In Season 7\nBy Laura Hurley published 28 December 21\nBrian Tee will return as Ethan in Season 7 for a moving storyline.\nChicago Med closed out the first half of Season 7 with an episode that set up some serious fallout for characters in 2022, but Brian Tee was absent as Dr. Ethan Choi in the midseason finale. Ethan has spent most of Season 7 off screen to recover from his gunshot wound at the end of Season 6, and his brief return to the ED came to a painful end, but is that it for Season 7? Chicago Med showrunners Diane Frolov and Andrew Schneider previewed when Ethan will be back, and what kind of story will be involved.\nEthan was well on the road to recovery when he returned to the ED back in November, but his work took too much of a physical toll on him, and an MRI confirmed that he needed a big surgery requiring at least a couple more months of recovery. He’s not gone for good, though! When I spoke with showrunners Diane Frolov and Andrew Schneider, Frolov shared when fans can expect to see him again:\nActually, we're gonna see him again in Episode 12. So, in three more episodes, we'll see him again. He's still in recovery, and then he will come back a little bit later in the season. He's going to have a very moving story with Dr. Charles in Episode 12.\nEthan will be back, but that doesn’t mean he’ll have an easy time of it! Moving storylines involving Dr. Charles can be emotional for all characters involved, for better or worse, and Ethan had a lot of baggage even before his most recent injuries. Plus, Ethan’s biggest storylines have primarily involved April or, more recently, Steven Weber’s Dean Archer as his former commanding officer, so it should be interesting to see what the show has in store with this new story with Dr. Charles.\nAs for whether or not this “moving story” bodes well for fans who have been waiting to get Ethan back full-time, only time will tell. Andrew Schneider did preview a bit of what Episode 12 has on the way for his arc, however, saying:\nWell, we learn more about his background, his past, his family.\nChicago Med has explored his past before, particularly with regard to how his history with the Navy affected him, and the arrival of Dr. Archer added some workplace complications due to that history. His sister Emily also appeared in several episodes in earlier seasons. Still, compared to a character like Will, Ethan has more blanks that could be filled in, and a moving storyline for him could be just what Season 7 needs.\nAnd Episode 12 isn’t too far off! The midseason finale was the ninth episode of Season 7, and Chicago Med will return with the tenth in early January. Based on how the show wrapped in 2021, the first episodes back will have some loose ends to deal with, particularly when it comes to Will and Goodwin with their fraud investigation.\nBe sure to tune in to NBC on Wednesday, January 5 at 8 p.m. ET to catch the midseason premiere of Chicago Med, followed by the returns of Chicago Fire at 9 p.m. and Chicago P.D. at 10 p.m. For more of what to watch and when to tune in, check out our 2022 winter and spring premiere schedule!\nLaura Hurley\nResident of One Chicago, Bachelor Nation, and Cleveland. Has opinions about crossovers, Star Wars, and superheroes. Will not time travel.\nAhead Of The Flash Movie, The Original Flashpoint Story Is Finally Getting A Comics Sequel\nNetflix Just Cancelled Another Show, And This One Personally Bums Me Out\nWhy The Walking Dead Creator Robert Kirkman Is Being Sued Over Prime Video's Invincible\nJohn Boyega Picks His Favorite Star Wars Movie, And The Answer Might Surprise You","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line935866"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5054115653038025,"wiki_prob":0.4945884346961975,"text":"REVIEW: “Mythicals” by Dennis Meredith\nPosted on December 27, 2018 by Michael Cook\nI love a good sci-fi book, that much is well known. But what about a sci-fi book that puts forth the idea that all the mythological creatures from Earth’s history (fairies, pixies, werewolves, vampires, etc) are actually alien species exiled to our planet as punishment for crimes made on their own planets? Well, a book like that would be right up my wheelhouse. That’s exactly the kind of book that Dennis Meredith’s Mythicals is. It’s also a very good one, too.\nDrunken journalist Jack March can’t believe his bleary eyes when he stumbles onto a winged fairy! She vaults away into the night sky, and his unbelievable—and unbelieved—encounter leads to a stunning revelation that all the creatures of myth and legend are real!\nFairies, pixies, trolls, werewolves, ogres, vampires, angels, elves, bigfoot—all are alien exiles to the planet. For their crimes, these “mythicals” are serving out banishment disguised in flesh-suits enabling them to live among the planet’s natives.\nJack reveals their secret to the world, along with a horrendous discovery: they have decided that the native “terminal species” must be eradicated before it ruins its home planet’s ecology.\nIn this riveting scifi/fairy tale, Jack joins with sympathetic fairies, pixies, and ogres to attempt to save the planet from the mythicals, as well as the mysterious alien cabal known as the Pilgrims.\nMythicals is a delightful book that starts out seeming like it’s going to be more of a political thriller (involving mythological creatures) that ends up becoming something more epic than that. And it really works. There is honestly no reason for this book to work as well as it does. I mean, it’s the kind of premise that seems sort of absurd, but it’s one that is just so sci-fi that I can’t believe this isn’t something we see more often. There’s something undeniably fun about this book. It starts off a little slowly as all the various pieces are moved into place, but once the story really gets going, it quickly becomes a page-turner that you really don’t want to put down. It starts off seeming like Jack is going to spend most of the book trying to prove that these Mythicals exist, but by about the 1/4 mark, that all changes into a different plotline that later morphs into another one. Each plot is well-developed and well-concluded and it’s all a very satisfying read.\nMythicals is written by Dennis Meredith, a “science communicator” who has worked with a number of universities and has published a number of nonfiction books about science in addition to his work as a novelist. You can kind of tell that Meredith comes from more of a science background in the way he’s written this book, and I mean that as a good thing! This world of this book has clearly been meticulously plotted out by Meredith and he does an excellent job at explaining all the various elements of the world to his readers without descending completely into sci-fi jargon. This world makes sense. Yes, it’s foreign and magical and there are a lot of aliens and a lot of futuristic technology, but Meredith explains it in such a way that it all seems totally believable and mundane. Not much time is spent on characters reacting wildly to it; they get a moment of surprise and then the novel moves on with it. It’s all handled very well.\nThe story itself is also thoroughly entertaining. It tackles a number of subjects – primarily climate change and the impacts we are having on our global environment – with a surprising amount of poise and nuance for a book that seemed, on the surface, to be a kind of b-film romp of a sci-fi book. I was not expecting these deeply important issues to be such a focus in this book. That’s not to say that it’s a preachy story; it’s not. There’s plenty of fighting between the Mythicals and world building and fun, sci-fi goodies. But it’s always nice when sci-fi books have something to say and it’s clear that Mythicals had a lot to say.\nAs I mentioned early, the book is plotted very well. I must commend Mr. Meredith for how well-paced this story is. There are a lot of characters in this novel, and, while it does occasionally feel overwhelming, he’s able to juggle all those characters with immense talent and care, ensuring that each of our main characters has some kind of arc and journey to go on. Jack is, for all intents and purposes, our main character, but the Mythicals that end up surrounding him are just as well-developed as he is. And, let me tell you, Jack is very well-developed. I started out the book thoroughly disliking his character, and by the end of it, I truly adored him. There’s an excellent twist involving his character that happens about 2/3 through the novel, and it honestly flips everything on its head in the best possible way. It’s the kind of twist that makes perfect sense while still being totally surprising and I love it.\nAll in all, Mythicals is an excellent book. It’s got a great premise that’s explored masterfully by an author who clearly put a lot of time into developing it. It features characters that are interesting and well-developed. It focuses on some important issues currently plaguing our society, and actually has something to say about them. It’s well-written and well-paced and is a thoroughly enjoying read that I would recommend to anybody who’s a fan of sci-fi or fantasy. You won’t be disappointed by this book.\n4.5 out of 5 wands\nThis entry was posted in books and tagged dennis meredith, fantasy, mythicals, sci-fi, science fiction by Michael Cook. Bookmark the permalink.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line737177"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9431256651878357,"wiki_prob":0.9431256651878357,"text":"Embassy of Azerbaijan in Bern, Switzerland\nAzerbaijani embassy in Switzerland: detailed information on locations, including address, e-mails, phone numbers and guide to Apply Azerbaijan Visa in Switzerland\nAzerbaijani Embassy Dalmaziquai 27 3005 Berne Switzerland\nThe information for Embassy of Azerbaijan in Bern, Switzerland may not be completely accurate. If you know any errors or have any additional information, please contact us to update. Thank you.\nQ: What is the location of the embassy of Azerbaijani in Bern?\nA: The Azerbaijani embassy in Bern is located at Azerbaijani Embassy Dalmaziquai 27 3005 Berne Switzerland\nQ: How to obtain a visa to visit Azerbaijan in Bern, Switzerland?\nA: Visitors from Bern, Switzerland can contact the embassy by phone: (+41) 31 350 50 40 or email: or visit the embassy website for procedures at:\nQ: How long does it takes to obtain a visa through Azerbaijani embassy in Bern?\nA: Normally, it takes 3-5 working days. However, it is advised that you contact the embassy of Azerbaijan in Bern, Switzerland for the updated information.\nQ: What is the working time of Azerbaijan embassy in Bern?\nA: The working time of the embassy is as follows: 09.00-18.00\nOther Embassies of Azerbaijan\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Tashkent, Uzbekistan\nConsulate General of Azerbaijan in Los Angeles, United States\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Washington, United States\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Kiev, Ukraine\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Ashkabad, Turkmenistan\nConsulate General of Azerbaijan in Kars, Turkey\nConsulate General of Azerbaijan in Istanbul, Turkey\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Ankara, Turkey\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Madrid, Spain\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Bucharest, Romania\nConsulate General of Azerbaijan in St. Petersburg, Russia\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Moscow, Russia\nEmbassy of Azerbaijan in Islamabad, Pakistan\nEmbassy Office of Azerbaijan in Chisinau, Moldova\nCountries near Azerbaijan","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1057245"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6653870344161987,"wiki_prob":0.6653870344161987,"text":"MyBookList\nСписки книг\nThe War of the Jewels\nДобавить в \"список\"\nПоделись книгой!\nАвтор: Christopher Tolkien, J. R. R. Tolkien\nПереплёт: Мягкая обложка, 496 страниц\n🔖 The second of two companion volumes which documents the later writing of The Silmarillion, Tolkien’s epic tale of war.\nIn The War of the Jewels Christopher Tolkien takes up his account of the later history of The Silmarillion from the point where it was left in Morgoth’s Ring. The story now returns to Middle-earth, and the ruinous conflict of the High Elves and the Men who were their allies with the power fothe Dark Lord. With the publication in this book of all J.R.R. Tolkien’s later narrative writing concerned with the last centuries of the First Age, the long history of The Silmarillion, from its beginning in The Book of Lost Tales, is completed; and the enigmatic state of the work at his death can be understood.\nThis book contains the full text of the Grey Annals, the primary record of The War of the Jewels, and a major story of Middle-earth now published for the first time: the tale of the disaster that overtook the forest people of Brethil when Hurin the Steadfast came among them after his release from long years of captivity in Angband, the fortress of Morgoth.\nКнига найдена в следующих публичных списках\nСундучок толкиниста\nОтправить (надо залогиниться)\nПолноразмерная обложка\n© 2022 Bolide Software","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line441306"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8832689523696899,"wiki_prob":0.8832689523696899,"text":"Amy Adams Gal Gadot Gif\nGadot is an Israeli supermodel and the most recent member of the Wonder Women team. At age eighteen, she became the youngest member of the Israeli parliament, later winning a seat in Tel Aviv. She later served two years in the Israeli army as an officer, before continuing to study at the prestigious IDC Herzliya university. Throughout her time serving the military, she became famous for her daring fashion sense, a bold attitude, and her beauty, which earned her a number of modeling assignments in Europe and the USA.\nGal Gadot is known for her role as the “Gotham City” Girl from the movie “Suicide Squad”. In that movie she played the part of the ruthless Batgirl; though her appearance was motivated by the original Batwoman, Catwoman. This resulted in her gaining international recognition. However, her first real acting role came in the animated film “The Mask” where she played the role of Wonder Woman. This made her famous around the world.\nGadot is known for her beauty, her features, her curves, and her fierce sense of pride. Her career has spanned over thirty years, during which time she’s won more than seventy awards. She’s gone on to play unique characters in TV shows, movies, theatre plays, and cartoons. The majority of her appearances have been as a character in a comic book or cartoon based story. Most of her roles were showcased in Israel, in TV series such as”The Finder”,”Girls in Gold”, and”The Ten”. However, her most popular and critically acclaimed role was in the award winning film “The Matrix”.\nGadot was Created in Southern California. She is of Jewish descent and was believed to be an ethnic Israeli by her parents. She certainly seems to have inherited her mother’s fierce sense of pride and determination in her childhood. She was born in Los Angeles, the daughter of immigrants from what is now Israel. It was here that she met her future husband. During the first years that they were together, she kept her status as an American citizen and never married an Arab.\nAt age eighteen, Gadot decided to enter the Miss America competition, and she became the first ever Miss USA contestant from outside of the United States. Her stunning looks, her talent, and her decision have all been seen by Americans through her involvement in this prestigious event. Through this experience, she came to understand the importance of maintaining the cultural differences of her nation in mind when entering into a romantic relationship with an American man, as she did with her former boyfriend.\nGadot didn’t let her dual citizenship lead her down a darker path. She is seen by many as an honest and affectionate woman, which is quite refreshing in an industry which often portrays women as evil, or as poor people due to their nationalities. Gadot is of Israeli decent but was born in California. This means that she can freely choose to go on her path to becoming an actress in the Justice League, or to proceed on to be a significant leader of peace.\nNow, Gal Gadot is famous for more than her ability to perform with the super-spinning poor girl, Wonder Woman. She is known as one of the best and most successful actresses in Hollywood. Her talents are not limited to playing this character, but she is recognized for her amazing physique. Gal Gadot is dieting and is trying to get in shape for her role as the loveable, most powerful woman in Hollywood. It’s interesting that one of the principal characters in the Justice League has a hot, petite girl as her love interest, and it seems like she will succeed. For many women their fantasy is to be a strong, sexy woman who can hold their own, but today’s movie industry has shown that women can look great and look even better when they lose the weight.\nGal Gadot became a worldwide phenomenon in her brief stint in the realm of theater. She impressed critics, both new and old, with her brilliant acting abilities, and then went on to star in two blockbuster hits. Gadot is a true Hollywood success and is highly respected among all the other actresses of her generation. She is one of the best options for the female part in a superhero team ever. If Patty Jenkins and gal Gadot perform their roles nicely, there is no telling if superhero movies will still be going strong in the future.\nAlma Versano And Gal Gadot\nAnissa Kate As Gal Gadot In Wonder Woman Xxx","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1620067"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6957082152366638,"wiki_prob":0.3042917847633362,"text":"Tour the Course\nThis par 5 opening hole is down hill with a slight dog leg right. It is a comfortable opening hole to a magnificently groomed golf course which is probably one of the best kept secrets in the Coachella Valley. How to Play: The opening tee shot should be kept out of the trees on the right side of the fairway. It is best to be down the left side of the fairway as this will open up the fairway for your second shot. The second shot needs be no more than two hundred yards that will keep the lake on the right side of the green out of play. The more daring can risk the green in two. Leave yourself a 100 yard third shot and all flag locations will be accessible. An opening par is a good start to begin your round.\nHole: 1, Par: 5\nMen's Handicap: 8\nWomen's Handicap: 3\nThe first of six par threes on the golf course can be tricky as it calls for a mid iron over water early in the round to a large green bunkered on the right side and behind the green. How to Play: Do not panic as the carry over water is really only 145 yards from the silver tees and 170 from the back. Center of the green is always a good shot here and with a solid two putt to walk away with par. For those not comfortable over the water there is a bail out area down the right side of the lake.\nWomen's Handicap: 13\nDescription: Almost straight away off the tee with an ever so slight dog leg right. A good solid driver off the tee will leave a comfortable short iron into a small but tricky green. How to Play: This is the number one handicap hole on the front side which can be deceiving. On a benign day, it will play easier than on the days when the prevailing wind comes out of the west. One must be careful on the windy days as the slightest of slices will end up out of bounds down the right side. Play your second shot to the center of the small green and give yourself a birdie putt.\nDescription: The shortest of the six par threes should be taken advantage of. But be careful as taking this hole for granted can lead to a bogey or worse. How to Play: A short iron should be all that is needed. It must be straight as bunkers on either side of the green offer protection to this short hole. The green slants slightly from back to front and when putting from the back to front, one must be careful that the putt does not get away from you.\nHole:4, Par: 3\nMen's Handicap: 18\nDescription: This par four hole is a dog leg right off the tee. The second shot with a short iron needs to find the right level of this two-tiered green and not be above the flag on this slippery green. How to Play: This tee shot has two options. Either hit the big fade between the large eucalyptus trees bordering both the left and the right side of the fairway or take your tee shot, if you can, over the eucalyptus trees on the right. On windy days, the fade may be your best option. Once again a short iron should be all that is left to this two-tiered green. If the flag is on the lower part of the green, one must be sure to hit your second shot on that level. Anything above the flag can lead to an easy bogey with another downhill slippery putt. If the flag is on the upper level, take an extra club to get it back there.\nDescription: The sixth hole on the front side brings the first dogleg left on the golf course. There is a punitive fairway bunker on the left of the fairway 215 yards off the tee. The green once again is small, sloping fairly steeply, from back to front, with the back part of the green being a small plateau for a great flag location. How to Play: The tee shot is the most demanding to this point. Hit it left and you end up in the punitive fairway bunker. Hit it right and you end up in trees with not much of a shot to the green. A good draw off the tee leaves another short iron to this tricky green. Do not be above the hole no matter where the flag is positioned as it will be a real tester for a two-putt. If the flag is blue and on the small upper tier, it is better to be short of the tier with an easier two-putt, than be over the green with a near impossible up and down for par.\nDescription: The seventh hole is one of the best on the front side. Even though this slight dogleg right seems quite benign from the teeing ground, if one does not stay focused on the task at hand, a large number can be the result, especially if you are playing into the prevailing wind. How to Play: The tee shot needs to be down the center or favoring the left side of the fairway. Do not let the tee shot getaway and drift into the trees on the right, which makes the second shot even more difficult. Even if one has a play from the right side, make sure to take enough club as the perception is that the yardage to the green seems shorter and can result in your third shot from the right-side bunker. Down the center or to the left side of the fairway opens the green to a second shot. If the prevailing wind is up, hitting the green in regulation can be quite difficult as the ball must be struck solidly with plenty of club. Once on the green, the breaks are more severe to Indio than the naked eye's perception. Once again it is best to be under the hole and never above.\nDescription: The eighth hole is the third of the six par threes and believe it or not, the easiest of the remaining four par threes. Even though it is listed at 204 yards from the silver tees, it is downhill and plays slightly less with the prevailing wind out of the right. Bunkered on both sides of the green a tee shot to the center is a job well done. The front of the green is actually downhill even though an optical illusion makes it look uphill. How to Play: A good solid long iron or fairway wood is the play recommended at this straight away par three. A tee shot drifting left or right will find one of the two greenside bunkers which will make par a challenging effort. With a flag location on the front, anything short of the green must be thought out carefully as the chip shot will run downhill for the first third of the green even though it looks uphill. The green is challenging in itself as both sides of the green slope severely to the center.\nDescription: The par-five ninth is a dogleg left that is uphill from tee to green and trees bordering both sides of the fairway that come into play predominantly on the tee shot. The fairway bunker comes into play approximately 215 yards off the tee. The green slopes severely from back to front and is protected by a greenside bunker on the left and a short-sided bunker on the right. How to Play: The tee shot on the ninth sets up this hole for either a birdie or par, or, bogey or worse. One cannot see the green from the teeing ground as a good solid draw off the tee is the recommended play. Anything straight away can lead one into the tree's on the right and not much of chance to reach this green in two, which can be easily done for the big hitters out of the fairway. The third shot to this severely sloping green from back to front must always be below the flag for the best chance at making birdie. Anything above the hole will lead to a delicate, speedy, turning putt for birdie or par that can easily lead to a three-putt bogey.\n​Description: The tenth hole begins a stretch of three holes that are the most spectacular at Mission Lakes Country Club. These three holes are a must at this country club as it is a test of golf for precision shot-making and nerves of steel. This stretch begins with a par five dog leg right off the tee and then again another dog leg right for the second shot if you wish to make in two. It is like a small canyon chiseled out of the hills. If you come to MLCC to play, be sure to check the large eucalyptus trees on the right and left of the fairway from the tee, and also on the right side of the green, as they have been home to the resident red-tail hawks that have visited us for the last seven years and raise their offspring. The green is two-tiered and once again slopes severely from back to front. Par is a good score here and of course, a birdie is better. How to Play: The tee shot on this par five is not as demanding as the eye tells you. There is more room to the right than is expected and a driver is not necessarily needed. Two, two hundred yard shots leave only a wedge to the green and a solid two-putt gives one a good score of par, which isn't bad. The third shot one must remember is uphill and can be into the prevailing wind so an extra club may and can be necessary. This is one hole that you must NEVER be above the hole, it can just as easily be a three-putt from that position.\nHole: 10, Par: 5\nDescription: The eleventh hole at MLCC is our signature hole at the club and has also been voted one of the top eighteen holes in the Coachella Valley. It is the highest elevation at the country club at about 1,550 feet above sea level and offers spectacular views both to the east and west. During certain times of the seasons, one can find our resident red tail hawks, both parents and their young, riding the thermals directly above. It is also not uncommon for one to see one, two, and even three rainbows directly to the flats in the east during stormy weather. This hole takes the nerves of steel for par or better. How to Play: The tee shot on this hole, that runs parallel to the par-three eighth, is the same club that you used on the eighth. That will land you on the flat of the upper fairway which is about two hundred yards in distance. From the upper fairway, you must cross the ravine with another two hundred yards carry that should land you in the center of the green. For those who do not have those nerves of steel, a small wedge will land you on the lower fairway 75-100 yards from the green. The toughest flag location is when our superintendent, Andy Diaz, puts the blue flag on the top tier on the back of the green which makes a two-putt spectacular.\nDescription: The twelfth hole is the third of our own little \"Amen Corner\". This teeing ground once again offers spectacular views of the valley, and also the whole country club of Mission Lakes. From tee to green there is a 150-foot drop and from the black tees, one cannot even see the green. How to Play: yards to the center of the green under normal conditions. From the blue tees, one must pick your line and trust the swing to make par or better. The twelfth is a relatively easy hole with calm winds, but with even a slight breeze, doubt and anxiety can play into club selection.\nMen's Handicap:15\nDescription: The thirteenth hole looks relatively easy as it is straight away and all trouble can be seen from the teeing ground. Even though it is a short 384 yards from the silver tees, par can be as elusive as any hole on the golf course. The fairway comes to an end at 90 yards left to the green. From this point forward the wash is with heavy rough. Getting to the green in two, which is protected by three bunkers, right, left, and directly behind, is only half the battle as this green is one of the most difficult to read on the golf course. It does slope slightly from back to front, but the challenge comes in putting from side to side as the break is more than expected. How to Play: Driver is the play from the teeing ground to get as far down the fairway as possible to leave the shortest of irons left to the green. When the flag is in the front, one must be sure to have enough club to reach the green as the severe slope in front will prevent anything from bounding on which makes for a difficult chip. Reading this green for a two-putt is well done.​\nDescription: The fourteenth hole is the easiest on the back nine and must be taken advantage of. It is definitely the most realistic chance for birdie on this difficult nine as the following closing holes are some of the most demanding in the Coachella Valley. Even though it is 506 yards, it does play with the prevailing wind and makes it a short par five. The only protection to the green is two bunkers that protect a back flag and a second or third shot that carries long. The green is relatively easy to read as long as Indio's influence on the putt is kept in mind.\nDescription: The fifteenth hole is the beginning of the four most difficult and demanding holes at MLCC. Measuring 234 yards from the silver tees and 249 from the black tees, any tee shot on the green is more than acceptable, (very few holes in one at this par three).\nDescription: This hole commands three good swings to reach the green in regulation, if you can. It can at times play into the wind which only doubles the severity of this golf hole. Not much trouble from tee to green as long as the shots are long and true.\nDescription: The last of the six par threes can produce a score anywhere from a birdie to a double bogey. If the wind is present, the hole will play shorter than the yardage listed. Keep your tee shot to the left portion of the green and all is well. If your tee shots slides to the right, either in the bunkers or right of them, you bring the double bogey into play.\nDescription: A superb finishing hole. Anyone who walks away with par or better on this hole will walk away satisfied no matter what the score for his or her round. This demanding hole plays uphill from tee to green and many times directly into the westerly winds. The green has three tiers with the back portion, along with the front, quite small. No matter where the flag, do not be above the hole.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line991852"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6841747164726257,"wiki_prob":0.6841747164726257,"text":"Anime DVD Review: Naruto Shippuden Set 6\nPosted on July 7, 2013 by Lesley Aeschliman\nNaruto Shippuden Set 6 is a three-disc set that contains Episodes 66 through 77 of Naruto Shippuden. All three discs contain four episodes, but only the third disc includes any special features.\nNaruto Shippuden Set 6\nEnglish Publisher: VIZ Media\nThis box set continues and concludes the story arc of Sora, the monk in training at the Fire Temple. The next story arc also begins on this set, and it introduces two more members of the Akatsuki organization: Hidan and Kakuzu. They are on a mission to find the tailed beast hosts. At the beginning of the arc, they are in battle with the host of the two-tail beast. After that battle, they come to the Land of Fire to look for other tailed beast hosts. While this is going on, Kakashi and Yamato are working with Naruto as he tries to devise a new, more powerful jutsu.\nTsunade receives word that the Fire Temple has been attacked, and that their leader, Chiriku, was killed during the fight. Suspecting the attack was launched by the Akatsuki, she sends out several groups of ninja in order to track down the culprits. Both of the stories in this set have a strong emphasis on Asuma, due to his connection with Chiriku.\nThe second storyline in this disc returns the series to “canon” material from Masashi Kishimoto’s Naruto manga series. I have to give the anime writers a lot of credit for finding ways to tie in the “filler” story with the “canon” material. If a viewer didn’t know better, they would assume that the Sora story arc wasn’t “filler” material. Also, as you watch the second story arc in the set, the viewer can tell that a plot point is building for Asuma. However, that plot point doesn’t appear in this set, since the arc just gets going in the last few episodes in the box. I’m really anticipating seeing Box 7 in order to see where the story is heading to.\nWhen it comes to the actual DVD box set, it follows the same format that was introduced with Naruto Shippuden Set 5. Instead of including bonus features on all three discs, only the third disc has an “Extras” menu selection. The first two discs include trailers for Naruto Shippuden: The Movie and Bleach the Movie: The DiamondDust Rebellion when the disc first starts playing before proceeding to the main menu.\nThere are a total of six bonus features included on the third disc. The first three are advertisements for Shonen Jump magazine and various VIZ Media manga releases, information on where to purchase VIZ Media releases online, and the English credits.\n“Storyboards” contains five screens of storyboards from episodes in this Naruto Shippuden box set. Unfortunately, the storyboards have white lines on a black background, and it’s actually harder to see it in order to be able to tell what scene the storyboards are for. I wish there was an option to view the scene being shown in the storyboards in order to help the viewer better understand what it is that they’re seeing.\n“Production Art” includes 15 pages of production sketches of the characters that appear in this Naruto Shippuden set. This is exactly like the “Production Art” feature that has been seen on previous DVD boxes for Naruto and Naruto Shippuden.\nThe final extra is labeled as “Omake.” The omake are the short pieces included after the ending credits of Naruto Shippuden. While these tend to be comedic in nature, there are also a few that are on the serious side that provide additional information about aspects of the series. This feature takes all of the omake that are included in this box set and put them together back-to-back in one continuous piece. The English dub versions of the omake are included in this feature. I still believe this feature would have been stronger if there was a menu where a viewer could choose which omake they wanted to see, or choose to see them all back-to-back. The feature as it’s done on the set seems rather pointless.\nIf you’re a fan of the Naruto franchise and want to have all of the episodes of the series on DVD, then I would recommend purchasing this box set to add to your home video collection.\nAdditional posts about Naruto:\nanime anime review Naruto Naruto Shippuden\nKodansha Comics Is Speeding Up Its Release of the Attack on Titan Manga\nSentai Licenses Sunday Without God","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1548557"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7323030829429626,"wiki_prob":0.7323030829429626,"text":"Gradam Ceoil Award\nBy s j\nMusic / School Events\nOur amazing Music Teacher, Catherine McEvoy, (known at St Joseph’s as Ms. McGorman) made us all very proud in February when she was awarded traditional music’s highest accolade of Musician of the Year, at TG4’s Gradam Ceoil Award ceremony, in Belfast. Catherine plays the concert flute and, over the years, has introduced the children at St. Joseph’s to the joy of listening to and playing traditional Irish music on a wide range of instruments- tin whistle, accordion, fiddle, flute, piano, to name a few! Here is a link to the Gradam Ceoil Concert. https://www.tg4.ie/en/programmes/gradam-ceoil/gradam-ceoil-home/\nMaths Week in Room 6, Izak 9 Playing at NCH Ensemble Concert\nOrientation & Mobility, Auditory Abilities\nOrientation & Mobility, Positional Concepts & Body Awareness","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line730895"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5420446991920471,"wiki_prob":0.4579553008079529,"text":"Posted on June 30, 2017 by Delaware Gazette\nAsbury United Methodist Church, 55 W. Lincoln Ave. Worship service is at 10:45 a.m. Sunday school for all ages is at 9:30 a.m. Handicap-accessible.\nBellpoint United Methodist Church, 4771 State Route 257 South, just North of U.S. 42 S. Combined worship service at 10 a.m. Sunday School for everyone at 9 a.m. Nursery available. Holy Communion celebrated on the 1st Sunday of the month. www.bellpointumc.com.\nCalvary Baptist Church, 1450 Troy Road. Sunday school, 9:30 a.m.; morning worship, 10:45 a.m.; evening worship, 6 p.m.; Wednesday service, 7 p.m.\nCentral Community Baptist Church. Traditional American Baptist 10:15 a.m. worship hour on Sunday at All Occasions Catering, 6989 Waldo/Delaware Road. Our mission is to support those serving in the mission field as well as needs in our local community.\nChurch of the Messiah United Methodist Church, 51 N. State St., Westerville. The church has deep roots in Methodism and is Wesleyan in theology and practice. For information, call 614-882-2167.\nDelaware Church of Christ, 71 State Route 203, Delaware. DelawareChurch.org. Keith Ball’s sermon is “The Rise and Fall of King Solomon.” Bible study for all ages at 9:30 a.m.; worship services at 10:30 a.m.; evening worship 6:30 p.m.; Wednesday 7 p.m. Please bring family and friends to worship of God in song, prayer and scripture.\nDelaware Grace, 375 Hills-Miller Road. Join us at 9:30 a.m. or 11 a.m. at Delaware Grace. Visit delawaregrace.org or call 740-363-3613.\nEast Side Mission Church, 32 Joy Ave., Delaware. 740-369-0057. Sunday school at 9:45 a.m.; Sunday evening services at 6 p.m.; Wednesday evening services and youth group at 7 p.m. Pastor: Rev Donnie B. Akers.\nEpic Life Church, 8930 Commerce Loop Drive in South Old State Business Center. Services at 10 a.m. Go to epiclifechurch.net.\nFather’s House International Church, 420 Park Ave., Delaware. Website: fathershouseonline.com. Pastor is the Rev. Mike Sanders. Father’s House is a word of faith, spirit-filled church. Our services are a time of music, fun and a practical message that we believe will be truly helpful. Services on Sundays at 10:30 a.m.\nFirst Baptist Church, 101 N. Franklin St., 740-363-7021. Website: fbcdelaware.org. The Rev. Mark Allison is the pastor. We are an American Baptist Church that welcomes all who seek fellowship, spiritual growth and service to others. Summer Sunday worship is at 10 a.m. We celebrate Holy Communion on the first Sunday of each month. Handicap accessible.\nFirst Presbyterian Church, 73 W. Winter St. Websites: delfpc.org and Facebook. All are welcome to FPC. Join us for worship at 10 a.m. After the children’s moment, children and pre-school through fifth grade are invited to our Sunday school program. A restless room and nursery are available, and we are handicap accessible. Following worship, we offer Sunday school programs for adults and high school students. Worship at Willow Brook Christian Village is held the third Sunday of every month at 2 p.m.\nGospel Light Baptist Church, 35 South Galena Road, Sunbury (Gossing Construction Center). Pastor Chris Tullos, 740-817-2597, glbcsunbury.org. Sunday school, 9:30 a.m.; traditional worship, 10:30 a.m.; Wednesday, 6:30 p.m. Listen to Shine the Light, 3 p.m. Saturdays on 91.5 FM.\nKilbourne United Methodist Church, 5591 State Route 521, worship at 10:30 a.m. every Sunday. Sunday school is available at 9:30 a.m. Interested children may attend Junior Church for the last part of worship. Fellowship time for all ages follows worship. We have ministries available for all ages throughout the week. Contact us at 740-524-6041 or at kumc1@frontier.com Check out our website at www.kilbourneumc.com.\nMorrow Bible Church, 423 County Road 204 (near intersection of CR 204 and CR 15, 2.5 miles southwest of Sparta). Sunday School will be at 9:30 a.m., the morning worship service at 10:45 a.m.\nNew Beginnings United Methodist Church, State Route 37 East. Pastor: Rev. David Carter. Traditional worship service is at 9 a.m. The contemporary service is at 10:30 a.m. Sunday school and small groups for all ages meet during the worship times. Call the church office at 740-363-2092 or visit elawarenewbeginnings.com for more information about our different ministries.\nOstrander Presbyterian Church, 117 North St. The church was established in 1834.\nPeachblow United Methodist Church, 3247 Peachblow Road, Lewis Center. Call 740-548-7024 or visit peachblowumc.org. Pastor Tom Keene can be reached at 614-561-5047. Sunday 9:30 a.m. Bible study; worship celebration 10:30 a.m. We celebrate Holy Communion the first Sunday of each month. You can also find us on U-Stream each Sunday at 10:30 a.m.; just click on the blue “Live Broadcast” button.\nPleasant Hill Free Will Baptist Church, 230 Hayes St., Delaware. Phone number is 740-363-5295. Sunday school at 10 a.m.; church service is at 11 a.m.; and evening service at 6 p.m. Wednesday Bible study is at 7 p.m.\nPromise Church, 9012 Cotter St., Lewis Center. Everyone is welcome at 10 a.m. Sunday. The worship service is informal and contemporary. It includes an opportunity to ask questions and dialog with the pastor. For information, visit ThePromiseChurch.net.\nRadnor Congregational Church, 4407 State Route 203. Sunday worship is at 10:30 a.m. with Pastor Dan Bill. Children’s Sunday school will be during worship with teacher Mel Kerr.\nRelentless Glory Ministries; motto: “Real — Simple — Church.” Worship services: 1st and 3rd Sundays at 4 p.m. at Common Ground Free Store, 193 E. Central Ave.; includes free community meal. Leaders: Doug and Amy Wright. 740-815-7131; rgmhab214@gmail.com. Find Relentless Glory Ministries on Facebook.\nSt. John Neumann Catholic Church, 9633 Ohio 37 East, Sunbury.\nSt. Mark’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, 28 E. William St. Services: 8 a.m. traditional; 10:30 a.m. blended. Sunday School for all ages at 9:15 a.m. Late service broadcast on Channel 21 or 96-104. Rebroadcast on Wednesday night at 7:30 p.m. Late service also on WINF (98.5 FM). Now streaming www.stmarksdelaware.com.\nSt. Mary Catholic Church, 82 E. William St. Phone: 740-363-4641. Website: www.delawarestmary.org.\nSt. Peter’s Episcopal Church, 45 West Winter Street. Join us every Sunday for warm, welcoming fellowship and traditional worship services at 8 a.m. and 10:30 a.m., each with Holy Communion. The later service features uplifiting and inspiring organ music performed by the new St. Peter’s music director and choirmaster Jeff Ward. Don’t miss this! And bring the family, because young people are a vibrant part of our congregation. You will often see youngsters participating in the services. To find out more, visit stpetersdelawareohio.org or our Facebook page. Phone: (740) 369-3175.\nSunbury United Methodist Church, 100 W. Cherry St. For information, contact the church office at 740-965-3813.\nUnity Church of Delaware, 4277 U.S. 23 North (across from Camp Lazarus). Sunday service is at 10:30 a.m. Visit Visit Facebook.com/unitychurchofdelaware or UnityDelawareOhio.org, or call 740-363-7800. Handicap accessible, one of the non-profit organizations associated with the Delaware County Community Market, and affiliated with the Association of Unity Churches International. All are welcome. Love offering. For information, www.unitydelawareohio.org\nVictory Seventh-Day Adventist Church, 200 S. Liberty St. Sabbath school: 9:30 a.m. Worship hour: 11 a.m.\nWarrensburg United Methodist Church, 1025 Ohio 257 (intersection of Ohio 257 and Warrensburg Road, halfway between U.S. 36 and Ohio 37). Like us on Facebook: facebook.com/warrensburgumc.\nWest Berlin Presbyterian Church 2911 Berlin Station Road. The “Little Church with the Big Heart” holds worship service Sunday mornings at 10:30 a.m. and Sunday School for everyone at 9:30 a.m. Holy Communion is celebrated the first Sunday of the month. Second Sunday Fellowship is held the second Sunday of the month. Established in 1876. Phone 740-362-5305; website westberlinpc.info.\nWhite Lily Chapel, 20 S. Main St., Ashley. 740-747-2233. Pastor is the Rev. Cindy Berkshire. Inspirational study class at 9:30 a.m. Children’s Sunday school at 10 a.m. Worship and healing service at 11 a.m. Sunday worship service at 11 a.m. Public Community Dinner Wednesdays 2-7 p.m. $4 adults; $2 children.\nWilliam Street United Methodist Church, 28 W. William St. Website: williamstreetumc.org. For more than 195 years, we are a downtown church with open doors, open minds and open hearts — where all are welcome. Join us for worship at 10:25 a.m. Sunday school meets at 9 a.m. for both children and adults.\nZion A.M.E. Church, 140 S. Washington St. Join us for our 10 a.m. service where the Rev. Madonna Gray will bring the weekly message. Bible study is at 7 p.m. Wednesdays. Every fourth Saturday from 4-6 p.m. you can enjoy a free community home-cooked meal.\nZion United Church of Christ, 51 W. Central Ave., will welcome Rev. Seth Stout to its pulpit this coming Sunday, July 2, at the 10:00 a.m. worship service when Communion will be shared. An Open and Affirming congregation, Zion’s members and friends emphasize service in the community as well as intelligent, faithful understanding of scripture and a dynamic music program directed by Brian White. The elevator entrance is adjacent to the parking lot, which is accessed from W. Central Ave. Contact Zion at 740-362-6691, leaving a message, or e-mail to zionunited@frontier.com.\nMESSIANIC CONGREGATION\nShabbat Yeshua, 51 W. Central Ave. (parking and entrance to rear). Friday worship service is at 7 p.m. For information, call Mark Butler at 740-953-0292.\nUNITARIAN\nDelaware Unitarian Universalist Fellowship, 190 W. Winter Street. Please join us at 10 a.m. Sunday.\nNorth Unitarian Universalist Congregation, 1574 Franklin St., Lewis Center. We gather together in love and fellowship to worship and foster spiritual growth, to serve humanity and to understand ourselves and our universe at 10:30 a.m. Sundays.\nChurches that schedule one-time events which are open to the public — such as musical performances, revivals or vacation Bible schools — are invited to submit these announcements as news items in The Gazette. Information can be submitted at newsroom@aimmedianetwork.com.\nHi! A visitor to our site felt the following article might be of interest to you: CHURCH LISTINGS. Here is a link to that story: https://www.delgazette.com/news/religion/59111/church-listings-22","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line253920"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6593710780143738,"wiki_prob":0.3406289219856262,"text":"Amazon’s official trailer for The Wheel of Time gives us our best look yet\nNews October 28, 2021 0\nWith November 19 fast approaching, Amazon has dropped an official trailer for The Wheel of Time. After we got a short look at The...\nAmazon just dropped The Wheel of Time teaser trailer and it looks incredible\nNews September 3, 2021 0\nIt's been a long, LONG time coming, but The Wheel of Time TV series is finally, nearly here. On November 19, 2021, the first...\nGear January 10, 2022 0\nGear January 7, 2022 0\nGear December 24, 2021 0\nOnline December 22, 2021 0\nFeatures December 18, 2021 0","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line812324"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5542615652084351,"wiki_prob":0.44573843479156494,"text":"Other Pitt Sports\n11 Pitt track and field performers reach NCAA regionals\nBy CardiacHill@AnsonWhaley May 20, 2016, 8:00am EDT\nShare All sharing options for: 11 Pitt track and field performers reach NCAA regionals\nPhoto used with permission of University of Pittsburgh athletics department - www.pittsburghpanthers.com\nAfter the ACC Tournament, 11 members of the Pitt men's and women's track and field teams are headed to the NCAA regional championships next week. That event will be held over next weekend at North Florida in Jacksonville from Thursday, May 26th through Saturday the 28th.\nWhile there, the Panthers will be competing with a host of others to reach the NCAA national championships later this summer. Those will be held in Eugene, Oregon from June 8th through the 11th.\nThis year's pack is led by junior Desmond Palmer, who will be participating in three different events. Last week, Palmer won the ACC title in the 400m event and is ranked second in that event, per the Pitt article linked above. He will also be trying to punch his ticket for the 110m hurdles event as well as the 4x400 relay where he is part of an experienced team consisting only of upperclassmen.\nBe sure to join Cardiac Hill's Facebook page and follow us on Twitter@PittPantherBlog for our regular updates on Pitt athletics. Follow the author and founder/editor @AnsonWhaley.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line242809"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.740524172782898,"wiki_prob":0.25947582721710205,"text":"Meet Dr. Wick\nIV Chelation\nDietary Detox\nIntravenous Hydrogen Peroxide Therapy\nThe Natural Choice Family Health Clinic Blog Intravenous Hydrogen Peroxide Therapy\nby Ron Kennedy, MD\nBio-oxidative medicine is the addition of oxygen directly to the tissues of the body in the form of singlet oxygen (lone oxygen atoms) in a highly reactive state.\nIn living systems oxygen (as O2) is transported by hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells. This is a highly efficient way of conducting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body and insuring it does not react with anything along the way. Because it is bound by hemoglobin, it is unable to react to anything else until it is released by the hemoglobin (which then picks up carbon dioxide and transports it to the lungs).\nIn bio-oxidative medicine, oxygen is introduced directly into the body as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or as ozone (O3). Although ozone is used safely and with great benefit throughout Europe and in many other parts of the world, the medical establishment in the United States refuses to recognize it as a valid therapy, although new studies are underway in this country. Luckily, hydrogen peroxide is not treated in this way, even though it is an equally powerful oxidative approach.\nThe chemical reaction looks like this:\nH2O2 becomes H2O + O-\nThis is chemical shorthand to indicate that in the body, hydrogen peroxide is converted to water and singlet oxygen. This singlet oxygen located at the end of this reaction is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is the active agent in hydrogen peroxide therapy.\nIn IV H2O2 therapy, Hydrogen peroxide is infused into the circulatory system through a vein in the arm. It drips in over a ninety-minute period. Five cc of pharmaceutical-grade, three-percent hydrogen peroxide are put in 500 cc five percent glucose in water as a carrier solution. Two grams of magnesium chloride are added along with a small amount of manganese to prevent vein sclerosis. (We are using higher doses of peroxide as part of our research study- Dr. G)\nIn the blood, it encounters two enzymes: catalase and cytochrome-C. Catalase drives the above reaction to completion immediately. That part of the hydrogen peroxide that binds with cytochrome-C, however, is not allowed to become water and singlet oxygen for a period of forty minutes. After forty minutes of being bound to cytochrome-C this enzyme begins to act like catalase and breaks down the hydrogen peroxide to water and singlet oxygen. By this time, the hydrogen peroxide/cytochrome-C complex has been spread throughout the body. In this way the benefits of hydrogen peroxide are made available to all cells.\nThe effect of singlet oxygen in the human body is twofold. It kills, or severely inhibits the growth of, anaerobic organisms (bacteria and viruses that use carbon dioxide for fuel and leave oxygen as a by-product). This action is immediate, on contact with the anaerobic organism. Anaerobic bacteria are pathogens, the organisms which cause disease. All viruses are anaerobic.\nAerobic bacteria (those that burn oxygen for fuel and leave carbon dioxide as a by-product – as humans do) found in the human intestine are friendly bacteria, which aid in digestion. These organisms thrive in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.\nThe second effect of hydrogen peroxide is that it provides singlet oxygen, which, in turn, transforms biological waste products and industrial toxins into inert substances by oxidizing them. This makes them easy to handle for the kidneys and liver. It doubles the rate of enzymatic metabolism in the mitochondria within each cell, thus enabling the body to cleanse itself of toxins and still have plenty of energy to handle the business of living from moment to moment. This increase in metabolism probably accounts for some of the antibacterial, anti fungal, and anti viral effects of hydrogen peroxide.\n(Singlet oxygen is highly reactive and reacts with whatever bio-molecule it encounters. These include cell walls and proteins that circulate in the blood. When this happens, the body’s own antioxidant system is activated resulting in an outpouring of many anti-inflammatory compounds which “turn on” the body’s immune system and healing mechanisms. This is the effect that we are using to enhance the effect of the RIT injections in our research study – Dr. G)\nHydrogen peroxide is a part of normal metabolism. Your body produces it constantly. There are units in certain white blood cells called “peroxisomes,” which produce H2O2. These white cells then engulf bacteria which cause disease and mix them together with these peroxisomes. They both then disappear as the singlet oxygen from H2O2 destroys the bacteria or virus. This happens naturally, without any help from outside sources of hydrogen peroxide.\nWhen an infective disease becomes obvious to the person who has the infection the hydrogen peroxide defense mechanism already has been overwhelmed by the number of viruses or bacteria involved, and the immune system is into its secondary line of defense: the tedious process of analyzing the invading organism and making antibodies, which deal specifically with that organism.\nThe invention of man-made antibiotics, beginning in the 1920s, was a revolution in medical science. However, as a strategy for fighting infection it is clearly second best, as the body itself demonstrates. When the body is challenged with an infection, it first turns to hydrogen peroxide. Only when this fails does it turn to its own antibody production.\nConditions which can be treated with H2O2 include those conditions which can be treated with antibiotics, but without the serious toxicity often associated with laboratory produced synthetic antibiotics. Some of these conditions are candidiasis (yeast), viral infections, influenza, the common cold, sinus infection, Epstein – Barr virus, and gangrene.\nHydrogen peroxide also has been found to dissolve cholesterol and calcium deposits associated with atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is a good treatment for vascular disorders. This can result in lessening or disappearance of angina, leg pain, and transient ischemic attacks to the brain, which causes dizziness. It also can help reverse some of the damage left over by a stroke, if treatment is instituted early enough.\nResearch in the 1960s at Baylor University showed conclusively that intra-arterial hydrogen peroxide dissolves plaque in large arteries. This makes H2O2 a wonderful complement to EDTA in the treatment of vascular disease, as EDTA has been shown to clear small vessels and create collateral circulation around large vessel blockages. This combination is called “Chelox Therapy.”\nIt also clears the lungs, in cases of emphysema, by producing oxygen bubbles in the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs), literally lifting the mucus deposits up, so they can be coughed out.\nHydrogen peroxide has a remarkable clearing effect on the skin. After only a few intravenous treatments the skin takes on a translucent clarity usually seen only in children. In addition, hydrogen peroxide benefits asthma, leukemia, multiple sclerosis, degenerative spinal disc disease, and high blood pressure. It is particularly effective with asthma, arthritis, and back disorders.\nAll of these illnesses have a component of toxicity from accumulated pesticides, preservatives, and organic industrial pollutants. Often the clearing of these toxins is enough to allow the body to heal, or at least partially repair itself. Obviously, where there is anatomic change such as in disc disease, this anatomic change will not be altered. However, what the person with disc disease, arthritis, and other such illnesses is interested in is the disappearance of pain and the return of function. This often is possible with hydrogen peroxide.\nMuch more research needs to be done in this area. Claims of cure should not be made unless they can be rigorously substantiated with cause and effect proven beyond any reasonable doubt. At the present time, we can say only that the oxidative therapies are valuable, arresting disease processes, but not necessarily curative.\nIf hydrogen peroxide is so effective, why is it not made use of in “modern” medicine? The reason is simple. Hydrogen peroxide cannot be patented. It is present in the ocean, it is present in rainwater, it is present in vegetables, and it is present in every cell of your body right now. It must be classified as a food, because it is part of all fresh food of plant origin. Because it is produced in the human body, it is undeniably safe. Since it is a food and cannot be patented, there is no big profit to be made on it. .\nPeople have been traveling to the baths at Lourdes, in southwest France at the base of the Pyrenees Mountains, since 1858 when a girl is said to have seen there a vision of the Virgin Mary. The waters at the baths in Lourdes are believed by many people to have miracle healing powers. Perhaps it is no coincidence these waters are loaded with, you guessed it, hydrogen peroxide. People go there to bathe in and drink the water.\nHow does one take hydrogen peroxide? You can go to Lourdes, or you can go to a good organic grocery store and buy a bottle of food grade (35%) hydrogen peroxide, dilute it and drink it, or bath in it. If you go to Lourdes, be prepared to shell out thousands of dollars. If you go to the grocery store, be prepared to pay a few dollars. Be sure to dilute it, because the 35% solution will cause burning of the skin on application, or internal damage, if you try to drink it. (I DO NOT SUGGEST THAT YOU TAKE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ORALLY-Dr. G)\nIf you take it orally, you should dilute it approximately ten drops in an eight ounce glass of water, two or three times each day, on an empty stomach (three hours after your last meal). If you take it with food in your stomach, the hydrogen peroxide will react with the food, and you will not get the benefit from it. Even if you take it on an empty stomach it reacts to the cells of the stomach wall, as well as whatever food fragments still are present, and you receive not only hydrogen peroxide into your circulation, but also oxidation products of H2O2 plus sloughed off cells from the lining of your stomach and miscellaneous food.\nBecause of these considerations I cannot, and I do not, recommend you take H2O2 by mouth. I believe intravenous H2O2 to be far superior to the oral route of administration. However, because people do report good results with the oral route, I cannot recommend you absolutely do not take it by mouth. This is a gray area.\nTo benefit your body, the H2O2 must reach your circulation, where it can be broken down by catalase and bound by cytochrome-C for distribution throughout your body in the following forty minutes. You should not eat anything for at least twenty minutes after taking the H2O2.\nYou will notice hydrogen peroxide, even in this very dilute state, tastes terrible. It makes many people nauseated. You may be able to mask this effect by taking it with fresh lemon or berry juice or with aloe vera juice.\nYou also can bathe in hydrogen peroxide by putting a pint in your bath water. Be sure to stir it up well before getting in to avoid burning your skin. Many people with arthritis swear by this treatment.\nIf you are confronting a serious illness, or if oral and topical applications are not getting the job done, you can turn to intravenous infusion of hydrogen peroxide. Intravenous H2O2 is far more powerful than the oral ingestion or topical application. For this form of treatment, you must find a physician who is familiar with the proper preparation of pharmaceutical grade H2O2 in a bottle of sterile, isotonic intravenous fluid.\nThe infusion lasts ninety minutes. You will notice a warm feeling during treatment, not much more. The main effect of hydrogen peroxide infusions is that you regain your health through the increased ability of your blood to carry a high concentration of oxygen. In this sense, IV hydrogen peroxide therapy is an oxygen therapy. Treatments are one to three times per week, occasionally five times per week for an acute illness and, just as with chelation therapy with EDTA, the number of treatments needed depends on the nature of the illness with which you are dealing. From ten to fifty treatments will get the job done in most cases, and you should be able to maintain on oral hydrogen peroxide or the occasional intravenous infusion after that.\nAs I alluded to above, there is an exciting new development in the treatment of vascular disease, Chelox Therapy, which involves the combination of treatment with EDTA and H2O2, not in the same infusion however as they would oxidize/reduce each other. These two therapies work in different ways and cross react with each other, causing a thirty percent incidence of intravenous thrombosis. They can be given in combination to the same patient but not on the same day. The combination of these two therapies, given correctly, has been found to be more powerful than either one used alone.\nAddendum by Richard I. Gracer, MD (May 2005):\nWe are using IV hydrogen peroxide as a method of increasing the healing action of Regenerative Injection Therapy (RIT). Our research protocol calls for the use of ozone major autohemotherapy to supplement the specific ligamentous injections that are performed with ozonated blood. Peroxide is much easier and less expensive to use. The co-author of my paper on this subject (in Medical Hypotheses to be published July 2005), Velio Bocci, MD, has started using this modality in his practice at the University of Siena and feels that it is very effective. Theoretically, they should do the same thing. Patient acceptance and tolerance is high. The main side effect is soreness in the veins. We are using manganese and magnesium to reduce this effect. Dr. Bocci uses higher doses than those in this paper. We are increasing doses carefully without any problems. Please see the protocol for more specific information.(Bocci, 2005)\nOliver TH, Cantab BC, Murphy DV, Influenzal pneumonia: the intravenous injection of hydrogen peroxide. Lancet 1920;1:432-433.\nRoot RK, Metcalf J, Oshino N, et al. H2O2 release from human granulocytes during phagocytosis. J Clin Invest 1975;55:945-955.\nFinney JW, Jay BE, Race GJ, et al. Removal of cholesterol and other lipids from experimental animals and human atheromatous arteries by dilute hydrogen peroxide. Angiology 1966;17:223-228.\nUrschel HC, Finney JW, Morale AR, et al. Cardiac resuscitation with hydrogen peroxide. Circ 1965;31 (suppl II);II-210.\nUrschel HC, Finney JW, Balla GA, et al. Protection of the ischemic heart with DMSO alone or with hydrogen peroxide. Ann NY Adad. Sci. 1967; 151:231-241.\nGorren AC, Dekker H, Wever R Kinetic investigations of the reaction of cytochrome C oxidase by hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Biophys Acta 1986; 852(1):81-92.\nNathan CF, Cohn ZA Antitumor effects of hydrogen peroxide in vivo. J Exp Med 1981;154:1539-1553.\nManakata T, Semba U, Shibuya Y, et al. Induction of interferon-gamma production by human natural killer cells stimulated by hydrogen peroxide. J Immunol 1985;134(4):2449-2455.\nLebedev LV, Levin AO, Romankova MP, et al. Regional oxygenation in the treatment of severe destructive forms of obliterating diseases of the extremity arteries. Vestn Khir 1984;132:85-88\nProbiotics - Should We Take Them?\nMany people take probiotics. Often, they take the same one every day. Is that good? Do we need to do that? How should we help heal our intestinal lining or help increase our gut flora? It's not always what we've been led to believe.\nTelehealth: The Advantages of Telemedicine\nStruggles to get to the clinic? Trying to reduce your exposure to COVID-19, as well as other contagious illnesses, and still need to see your doctor? Telehealth is safe and easy — receive quality care from anywhere.\nThe Battle for Health\nIn this time of instability and fear, we need some perspective on how our bodies are made to function. This is a summary of why we don't need to fear, and in fact should not fear.\nEDTA Chelation Clinical Research\nJohn Myers, MD, a physician from Baltimore, Maryland, pioneered the use of intravenous (IV) vitamins and minerals as part of the overall treatment of various medical problems.\nOndaMed Therapy\nEnergy Medicine is any healing modality that affects positive change in the energetic system of living beings. This article will focus on a form of energy medicine called Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy.\nBonnie L. Wick, NMD, Mesa, AZ\nAddress: 1840 E. University, STE 4, Mesa, AZ 85203","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line668888"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7888635993003845,"wiki_prob":0.7888635993003845,"text":"Information service of the Pontifical Mission Societies since 1927\nSunday, 16 January 2022 [GMT +1]\nMISSIONARIES KILLED\nActs of the Holy See\nCEP Appointments\nASIA/UZBEKISTAN - Testimony of the new parish priest in Samarkand: \"Let God's beauty shine through the joy of fraternity\"\nWednesday, 3 March 2021 local churches priests\nMissionaries at the service of the \"little flock\", with great hopes for the new year\nThirty years of Franciscan presence and apostolic work\nThe new law \"On freedom of conscience and religious associations\" clarifies what is meant by \"mission\"\nArt as an instrument of evangelization\nAn oratory, a place of knowledge and proclamation of the Gospel\nTestimony of the new parish priest in Samarkand: \"Let God's beauty shine through the joy of fraternity\"\nSamarkand (Agenzia Fides) - \"A month has passed since our arrival in Samarkand. During this first phase, we seek to define pastoral priorities. For example, we think that we have to launch maintenance works in the St. John the Baptist Church. It is a very beautiful building of worship, built 105 years ago in Gothic style, visited by many tourists, but also a bit old and empty. This is why we believe that it is necessary to refurbish it and, at the same time, strengthen its identity and decorum, so that whoever enters feels welcomed. Two other areas of commitment are the launching of new works of charity and the creation of an oratory in Salesian style, a point of connection between the charisms of our Congregation. We would like to set up a football pitch, a volleyball court and create a space where young people have the opportunity to spend time.\nThe objective, as Don Bosco said, is to bring out the beauty of God through play, the joy of being together and fraternity\". This is what Father Ariel Alvarez Toncovich, from the Institute of the Incarnate Word, recently appointed Parish priest of Saint John the Baptist of Samarkand in Uzbekistan, told Agenzia Fides.\nAfter spending 8 years on a mission in Kazakhstan, Fr. Alvarez was sent to Samarkand together with his confrere, Fr. Paolo Giacinti, in order to revive the pastoral activity of the local parish, without a priest for a long time. \"In this city, during the nineties, lived a large number of Catholics. On the basis of the parish archives, we found traces of meetings and retreats in which more than a hundred people participated. The economic crisis of recent years has led many of them to return to their countries of origin, especially Poland, Germany, Ukraine. To this, we must add the fact that, for about three years, the community did not have a parish priest, but was assisted, as much as possible, by priests from other cities who came here during the weekend. Without a fixed point of reference, the faithful have dispersed a bit. Now we are two and we will try to make our presence felt. From a pastoral point of view, there is a lot to do\".\nThe community of the faithful of Samarkand is currently made up of a small group of 20 to 30 people, which includes a dozen children, some adolescents, their parents and some women over eighty: \"These elderly ladies represent for us true heroines of the faith, because they lived the period of repression of the USSR, keeping in their hearts the faith and transmitting it. The children come from Catholic families, almost all of them have already made their first communion and are attending catechism to prepare for confirmation. We will focus a lot on formation, despite the small numbers, so that those who will approach in the future can recognize in the eyes of this small community the evangelical spirit. There is a lot to do but I am optimistic\", he concludes.\nIn addition to that of Samarkand, in Uzbekistan there are four other parishes and about 3,000 baptized: there are about 700 faithful present in the capital Tashkent, in addition to others present in Bukhara, Urgench and Fergana. In Angren, where the construction of a new Church is planned, there are 25 faithful. The Uzbek population, made up of 30 million inhabitants, is 90% Muslim. About 3.5% are of the Russian Orthodox Christian faith, while another 3% include small Christian communities of other denominations, including Catholics. (LF-PA) (Agenzia Fides, 3/3/2021)\nAMERICA/HAITI - Twelve years after the earthquake: Redemptorists inaugurate the parish church of St. Gerard after being rebuilt\nAMERICA/NICARAGUA - Bishop of Matagalpa: Human dignity and freedom are prerequisites for a new beginning\nAFRICA/CAMEROON - Catholic priest arrested in the south-east of the Country\nAMERICA/BOLIVIA - The first indigenous diocesan priest of the Apostolic Vicariate of El Beni has died\nThe contents of the site are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License\nContact editorial staff\nCancel your subscription to the newsletter","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line431390"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7260331511497498,"wiki_prob":0.27396684885025024,"text":"Choir Testimonials\nMeet the Choir . . .\nLatest testimonial received November 2020 from Caroline M . . .\n\" I had the absolute pleasure of joining Holme Valley Choir in February 2020. From the start, my initial contact with David was helpful and very welcoming and I was encouraged to pop along to choir practice, meet other members and experience the choir before deciding to become a member. At the time (pre Covid) the choir were rehearsing at Holmfirth High School, close to where I live. There is plenty of space and an easy location to find.\nI could not have experienced a warmer welcome from all members of the group. Kim, the Choir Director, was encouraging and helped me to orientate into the group and what practice involved. There were no ‘tests’ or embarrassing moments singing in front of the group (this is my first experience of a choir in 35 years!). There are incredible voices in the room and each and every member made me feel welcome and less nervous. After a few weeks Kim took me to another room and after singing through a few scales, we concluded that I was an Alto and needed to move from Sopranos!\nMargaret was lovely and ensured I had the music sheets to practice at home and during choir rehearsals. I don’t read music and that wasn’t a problem. There’s a wide range of ages and experiences in the choir, always someone on hand to help and encourage you and to learn from.\nI cannot begin to explain the choral quality of the choir - so many moments where I had goosebumps listening to the harmonies and voices. The range of songs is wide, modern, classic and traditional. Each harmony is carefully rehearsed but there’s a lot of fun and laughter in the room at appropriate times throughout the evening.\nThroughout the Covid pandemic the choir have found innovative ways to keep in touch, from zoom meetings to choir practice over the internet and each of us making our own recording which the very talented Dave G put together to produce a wonderful recording - all from our own contributions at home.\nSadly I'm now relocating and having to say goodbye to this wonderful choir group. Due to Covid I didn’t get the opportunity to sing at an event but hope to return to have the pleasure of listening to the Choir in the future.\nIf you are thinking about joining a Choir, and like me were a little apprehensive I would say go for it. You will not get a warmer welcome elsewhere, the Choir is fun and enjoyable and run in a professional way. It’s not just about singing together once each week, with Kim’s expert leadership the quality of the performances are exceptional and continues to improve through each and every practice. It’s a wonderful group to be part of. \"\nExperience of a new member who had never sung in a Choir before . . .\nMy wife and I moved into the Holme Valley when we both decided to take early retirement and relocate to wonderful West Yorkshire from ‘over the hill’ in Cheshire.\nI was introduced to singing by a long term friend in the form of Karaoke at his house and then later in my own house and found that, to my surprise, I not only enjoyed singing, but as I tried new songs my vocals got better (over time) and I developed a good repertoire of modern and old pop/rock songs.\nWhen we moved to “The Valley” I had seen a Gareth Malone choir program and wondered what it would be like to be a part of a group of singers and try to make those beautiful lilting harmonies I had heard on TV.\nI turned to the trusty Google and typed in “Choir Holme Valley” and was presented with the website and contact details for Holme Valley Singers. I am quite a shy person (until you get to know me and then I NEVER shut up) but I sent off an email to the contact and asked if I could try out for the choir. I explained that I sang a bit if Karaoke but that I could not read music.\nDavid Brown (the current choir Chairperson) replied and suggested we meet in a pub to discuss, so, liking the idea of the pub, I agreed. David soothed my fears and explained that “enthusiasm, commitment and an ability to want to learn, far outweighs a need to be able to read music or any prior experience” so I agreed to attend my first choir rehearsal the following Tuesday evening.\nThe choir is a mixed voice choir of 30+ members with ages ranging from 30’s up to 80’s. Some newbies like myself were there and other members had been with the choir for over forty years. Musicians and non musicians from all trades and walks of life, a real tapestry of the community, if you’ll let my poetic juices run a little.\nI’d explained my karaoke songs to David and he suggested I sit in the Baritone Section of the choir next to one of the longest serving members who would show me the ropes.\nI cannot tell a lie, that first evening blew my mind. I was given a piece of music which had words, lines and dots and a whole host of other things. Some of the words were not even in english (a Swahili song we were learning) but my mentor kept reminding me it was my first night and it would get easier, and it did.\nI kept going back, because I love to sing, I love learning new songs, I love the feeling of making those lilting harmonies I was hoping for, I love how friendly the choir members are, I’ll be honest and say, after 10 months I still don’t know everyone's name but I’m working on it.\nWe have a fantastic musical director and accompanist, it is great that we have fun while rehearsing, a few of us (anyone is welcome, it's not a click) visit the pub after our Tuesday rehearsal.\nThe choir tend to work towards a couple of concerts in the summer months and then a few concerts around Christmas which, after you’ve done your first, and no I can tell you they cannot hear your knees knocking in the front row, are a joy to perform. This year we are taking a portion of our choir to a Pop Concert for choirs in Otley and some of the choir are going on a trip over to Italy to visit a choir we have links with to perform with them. Quite a\nfew of our members are involved with other choirs, choral societies, quartets and octets and would be happy to share their knowledge with you.\nIf you like to sing or would like to try, like the idea of being a part of a choral family, singing songs from Take That’s “Shine” to Magnificat and Nunc Dimitis (no I hadn’t heard of it either but it is rousing) please contact chair@holmevalleysingers.co.uk our subs are low and the fun is turned up to 11.\n\"I joined Holme Valley Singers about 9 months ago after attending an 'Open Rehearsal'. Everyone in the choir was very friendly and welcoming. I don't read music very well but find I can manage OK by listening and attending rehearsals regularly. The Choir has a good repertoire of music and is professional yet friendly - I would encourage anyone to join!\"\n\"I have been a member of Holme Valley Singers for some 20 years or more, during which time I have taken part in many performances both in concert and competition. These are always rewarding experiences particularly from a musical point of view. The wide range of music in the Choir's repertoire appeals to singers and listeners alike and continues to give me great satisfaction and pleasure.\nWeekly practices are always undertaken in a relaxed and enjoyable manner and atmosphere, with the objective to achieve a high standard of performance. I have no formal training or education in music but with the benefit of experience with the Choir I do not find this to be a problem and I am able to sight-read to an acceptable standard.\nI continue to enjoy the companionship and making of music with the Choir and the friendly atmosphere in which that takes place.\"\n\"I have been a member of the Choir since 1977. I loved singing as a child and took up the opportunity to carry on my interest in adulthood. As I don't read music I have to listen well to learn my part, then I'm fine.\nI get a lot out of choir and find the singing and friendship, enjoyable and therapeutic.\"\n\"I joined the Holme Valley Singers just over 2 years ago. When I was younger I sang solos in Church and was in school choirs and productions. I took piano exams up to Grade 6 and therefore can sight-read well, but apart from tinkling on the piano every now and then for my own pleasure, did nothing really musical from then until about 3 years ago when I joined a community choir with my daughter. I realised then that I wanted more of a challenge and when my children were old enough to leave alone I joined Holme Valley Singers. I love singing with them as they are not too serious, we have a laugh, and have a great variety of music, something for everyone I think, but I especially like the modern popular pieces. The musical director, Kim, is full of energy and a great conductor!\"\n\"I worked with Alan (Simmons) and sang in his school choir so became one of the founder members of Holme Valley Singers. I just enjoy the variety of the repertoire and the fun and laughter at rehearsal. I can read music but still prefer to hear the parts on the piano.\nSinging is good for all.\"\nHVS WebMistress","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line199138"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7003511786460876,"wiki_prob":0.29964882135391235,"text":"256 Chapman Road Suite 201\nFacebook-f Instagram Home\nFor Appointment\nClient Consent Form\nOur Mission and History\nClinical Training & Internship Programs\nCurrent Group Therapy Offerings\nMarriage and Relationships Counseling and Therapy\nTherapy for Teens\nParent-Child Interaction Therapy\nTherapy for Anxiety\nContact Us and Forms\nSunyana Benjamin, LCSW\nSunyana has a Master’s obtained from the University of New England and a Bachelor’s degree from Temple University. She specializes in working with children and families and has previously worked in an intensive outpatient therapy setting. Sunyana is experienced working with children and adolescents with various diagnoses including, but not limited to, Anxiety, Depression, Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD), Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD), and trauma.\nSunyana is well versed in various Art Therapy techniques used to best engage children at their level of readiness. She utilizes evidence based practices including, Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Diadatic Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness Approach, and Play Therapy. Sunyana is also a military spouse, which allows her to be insightful and supporting of the military lifestyle, which can lead to difficulties transitioning in new settings.\nSunyana Benjamin\nOnline Consent Form\nRosanna Biondolillo, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nRosanna received her Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology from the University of Phoenix and later obtained her Master’s in Social Work from Delaware State University. She is currently working towards her licensure to become a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW).\nRosanna enjoys working with children, adolescents, and young adults dealing with anxiety, depression, PTSD, and ADHD symptoms. She takes a person-centered approach, believing that to assist clients in reaching their goals, the clinician must meet them where they are. Rosanna combines a variety of evidence-based therapeutic modalities for treatment, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), and Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).\nRosanna Biondolillo\nKimberly Boulden, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nKimberly received her Bachelors Degree in Psychology from University of Delaware in 2016 and subsequently graduated with a Master of Social Work Degree from Widener University. She has been working with at-risk populations for over fifteen years. Her experience includes providing services in residential and office-based settings. Her clinical focus is a trauma-focused and strengths-based approach to work with children, adolescents, families, and adults.\nThroughout her career she has experience working with clients facing trauma, homelessness, addiction, anxiety, and depression. Kimberly incorporates a variety of evidence-based therapeutic models into treatment such as Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT), Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT), Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT).\nKimberly takes a holistic and empowering approach in her work. She believes in the principle of meeting clients where they are in order to establish and achieve treatment goals.\nKimberly Boulden\nTania Caceres, M.S. (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nTania is a graduate from University of Delaware, and West Chester University. She earned her Bachelors in Human Services with a minor in education. Afterward, she spent time as a behavioral interventionist at a local elementary school working to assist children with mental and behavioral issues. She was inspired to go back to school by a fellow co-worker and clinician after seeing the need for licensed mental health practitioners in schools. She continued her education at West Chester, earning her Masters of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling.\nShe has done research on mindfulness techniques and enjoys utilizing a person-centered approach with her clients. She has experience working with adults as well as children of various ages. Providing compassion in a nonjudgmental space, she acts as your guide as you remove blocks and recognize your own strengths. She is currently working toward becoming a licensed professional counselor.\nTania Caceres\nMelissa Clendaniel, LPCMH\nMelissa Clendaniel is a native Delawarean born and raised in Kent County. After earning a Bachelor’s degree in Behavioral Science from Wilmington University in 2014, she pursued her Masters of Clinical Mental Health Counseling also from Wilmington University, graduating in 2017. After passing the National Counselors Exam, she became a Nationally Certified Counselor through NBCC in May 2017.\nMelissa is a Licensed Professional Counselor of Mental Health. She provides client-centered therapy to children, teens, adults, and families. Melissa has experience with a variety of issues including trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, psychosis, grief, and suicidal ideation.\nThroughout Melissa’s career as a therapist she has gained experience and training in a variety of specialized areas including Mindfulness, Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavior Therapy, and Cognitive Behavior Therapy For Psychosis (CBTp).\nMelissa most recently worked as a Mobile Outpatient Therapist on the Delaware CORE Grant. In this position she provided therapy services to teens and young adults who were experiencing their first episodes of psychosis. She has also worked as an Outpatient Therapist at an inpatient substance use residential facility. Melissa is passionate about providing the most effective and genuine counseling experience for clients and their families. She especially believes unconditional positive regard for all clients and meeting the individual where they are at is at the core of any therapy relationship.\nMelissa Clendaniel\nLPCMH\nJeshonda Dennis, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nJeshonda grew up in the state of Delaware. She is a graduate of Delaware State University. In 2017, she earned a bachelor’s degree in social work. Thereafter, in 2018, she continued her education at Delaware State University and earned a master’s degree (MSW) in social work. In previous employments, Jeshonda has gained experience working as an outpatient therapist for children and teens. She has worked with children and teens between the ages of 4-17 who have had a wide array of mental and behavioral disorders. Jeshonda has been an interventionist during crisis situations for at risk youth. She is very passionate about being an advocate for children, teens, and families that need external support. Jeshonda engages clients in a variety of treatment methods, such as individual, couples, group, and family-based therapy. Jeshonda uses a variety of treatment methods, such as cognitive behavioral, trauma-focused, and person-centered. She believes that the best approach to therapy is the one that adapts to the clients’ specific needs. Jeshonda is, currently, working towards becoming a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW).\nJeshonda Dennis\nShavaughn Felder, M.S., NCC (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nShavaughn graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice and a Master of Science in Community Counseling from Wilmington University. She is a National Certified Counselor and is currently working to obtain her license as a Professional Counselor of Mental Health. Shavaughn has worked with at risk children, adolescents, and families for over 20 years and has a passion for helping youth reach their highest level of potential. She has experience with drug & alcohol counseling, trauma, anxiety, depression, career counseling, and treatment of behavioral issues. Shavaughn utilizes CBT, person-centered, and solution-focused approaches to best support youth.\nShavaughn Felder\nM.S., NCC\nJennifer Fontal, MS (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nJennifer Fontal received her Bachelors in Behavioral Science from Wilmington University in 2015 and subsequently graduated with a Masters of Science Degree from Springfield College. She has been working with at-risk children, adolescents and their families for five years and has experience providing services in community and residential settings. Jennifer conducts individual, family, and group counseling as has experienced providing crisis intervention. She has knowledge in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy Models.\nJennifer Fontal\nTeisha Fooks, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nTeisha received her Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from Southern Utah University. She will graduate in December with her master’s in social work from Delaware State University and is currently working to obtain her license as a Licensed Master of Social Work. Teisha’s primary clinical focus is working with children and adolescents. Teisha uses a person-centered approach and employs Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Play/Art Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Visual Imagery. She is also trained in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT).\nTeisha Fooks\nDenise Fuller, LMSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nDenise graduated from Widener University with a Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work and received a Master’s degree in Human Services from Springfield College. In addition, Denise is credentialed as a Delaware Community Mental Health Screener.\nDenise has over ten years of experience helping children and families achieve their goals. She has worked in multiple settings, including but not limited to client’s homes, the community and schools. Denise’s experiences have focused on crisis intervention, family dysfunction, trauma, anxiety & depression, grief & loss, coping, aggressive behaviors and impulsivity.\nMultiple therapeutic modalities such as Solution-Focused Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Systems Theory and Motivational Interviewing are utilized to help achieve goals.\nDenise Fuller\nLMSW\nChelsea Gadberry, MS (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nChelsea Gadberry is a masters level clinician working towards obtaining licensure. She is a Nationally Certified Counselor and enjoys working with adults, adolescents, and children to achieve wellness. Chelsea conducts individual, family, and group counseling. Her approach to therapy incorporates the use of Mindfulness and CBT to help clients develop self awareness, develop coping skills, and facilitate intention and purpose when addressing life’s problems.\nChelsea Gadberry\nCasey Graney, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nCasey received her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from the University of Delaware in 2007 and later earned her Master of Social Work from Widener University in 2021. She has over 14 years of progressive experience working with children and families in residential and community-based programs. Casey has a passion for empowering individuals to overcome obstacles to meet their goals. She takes a strengths-based approach in meeting each person where they are.\nCasey has experience working with individuals from birth through adulthood. She has worked with children and families experiencing an array of difficulties including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, ADHD, autism, mood disorders, psychosis, and trauma, among others.\nCasey Graney\nBrodieLynn Hughes, LCSW\nAlthough she grew up in Delaware, Brodie earned her bachelor’s degree in psychology from Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, in 2004. From there she began working in residential treatment facilities with adolescents of various backgrounds. She and her husband served as foster parents to teenage boys in Utah while building their own family. They moved back to Delaware with their six children in 2012. She later earned her Master’s of Social Work from Delaware State University and became a Licenced Clinical Social Worker in 2021.\nShe utilizes a number of different modalities in her therapy sessions. Adolescents are her specialty, but she enjoys working with individuals of all ages\nBrodieLynn Hughes\nJere' Hunter, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nJere’ received her Bachelors of Science degree in Behavioral Science from Wilmington University in Delaware and her Masters in Social Work from Widener University in Chester, Pa. She has 8+ years of experience working in inpatient settings for dual diagnosis providing individual, family, and group therapy services.\nJere’s primary clinical focus has been working with adults with substance use and mental health challenges along with homelessness for the past 8+ years; experiences with school aged students in the school system, and adjudicated youth in the legal system. She also has experience working with the LGTBQIA+ community and with those with trauma related issues.\nJere’ is skilled in evidenced based treatment practices and utilizes a variety therapeutic modalities such as: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and Motivational Interviewing (MI) along with being person centered. Jere’ works with her clients to build their self confidence to be able to achieve their goals in life while working towards independence.\nJere' Hunter\nOlivia Iaquinto, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nOlivia earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology as well as her Master of Social Work degree from West Chester University and is now working towards licensure. She has over five years of experience working with children, teens, and adults in a variety of settings including schools, residential facilities, and in the community. Additionally, Olivia has experience working with families as well as individuals and has facilitated numerous social-emotional skills groups for children and teens.\nOlivia’s primary therapeutic focus is working with children, teens, and adults struggling with mood disorders and/or a history of trauma. She has experience treating symptoms of anxiety and mood disorders, ADHD, ODD, and trauma/PTSD. In addition, Olivia has experience addressing relational issues both individually or in family sessions.\nOlivia utilizes several different approaches to therapy for which she has received training, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, and Ecosystemic Structural Family Therapy (ESFT). Olivia works to develop a meaningful therapeutic relationship with each client in order to encourage and support them through their mental health recovery.\nOlivia Iaquinto\nJeannette Jefferson, MA (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nJeannette is a graduate from Eastern University where she received a Masters degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. She also received a Bachelors degree from Neumann University getting an Art degree in Psychology. Jeannette has over 5 years of clinical experience working with children and families in various different settings. Jeannette has experience working in a residential setting for children with severe mental and physical disabilities, schools, and foster care system. Jeannette is trained in play therapy along with sand tray therapy but also uses many strength based practices to assist clients with their needs and struggles. Jeannette provides individual and family based sessions.\nJeannette Jefferson\nEmily Jones, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nEmily received her Bachelor of Social Work degree in 2018 and graduated in 2021 with her Master of Social Work degree. Emily’s experience throughout her education consisted of working with at-risk youth and their families through a trauma-informed lens. Professionally, Emily has experience assisting and being a support for families accessing services whose children, birth to three, had a developmental delay or diagnosis. She specializes in working with youth ranging from ages birth to adolescent and has previously done work with families as a whole. Emily is experienced in working with children needing behavioral support, facilitating group therapy, and utilizing a coaching model.\nMelanie Klosiewicz, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nMelanie is a Delaware native who received her bachelor’s degree in psychology from Washington College in Chestertown, MD, in 1998. After graduating, she started her career in Child Welfare working with children and families experiencing the trauma and loss associated with abuse and neglect. Melanie obtained her Masters in Social Work from Delaware State University in 2001. After taking some time off to raise six children of her own, she returned to her work with Delaware’s children and families and is currently working toward becoming a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW).\nMelanie believes in coming alongside clients and giving them the tools they need to achieve their goals. These tools come from a variety of evidence-based treatment modalities. Melanie uses a whole person approach in therapy acknowledging the relationship between spiritual health, physical health, mental health, and environmental factors.\nMelanie provides school based services in lower Delaware and virtual services.\nMelanie Klosiewicz\nKelly Lackey, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nKelly is a graduate of the University of Delaware where she earned her Bachelor’s degree in Psychology in 2004. After working directly with children and families for many years, she obtained her Masters in Social Work with an additional Trauma Certificate from Widener University in 2019.\nShe has spent her career serving children and families touched by trauma. She has spent 15 years working in child welfare, striving to keep children safe, strengthening at-risk families, and supporting adoptive children and families. She also serves on the Board of Directors of the About Child Trauma Foundation, a not-for-profit agency in Pennsylvania that provides advocacy and education about childhood trauma.\nKelly feels that true healing occurs within safe, supporting relationships. She believes in meeting each client where they are, and building upon every individual’s existing strengths. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and families and is currently working toward obtaining her Clinical Social Work license.\nKelly Lackey\nMarisa Maguire, MS (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nMarisa is a raduate from Wilmington University where she earned her Bachelors in Psychology and her Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Marisa is devoted to continuing to refine her skill and specialty training in a wide-range of therapeutic interventions including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, and Mindfulness. She is currently working to become certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.\nMarisa is a Pre-Licensed Mental Health Counselor who provides client-centered therapy to children, teens, and young adults. Marisa has experience treating a range of issues including, trauma, anxiety, depression, and more.\nMarisa is passionate about providing the most effective and compassionate counseling. She believes in empowering individuals to live their most authentic life by utilizing strength-based approaches to increase resilience of those with whom she works.\nMarisa Maguire\nRachel Newberry, MS (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nRachel is a native Delawarean. In 2018, she earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from Salisbury University in Psychology. Immediately after graduation, she continued her education and received her Master of Science’s in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Wilmington University. Rachel is devoted to furthering her education and becoming well-trained in a variety of therapeutic interventions.\nRachel has experience working as a behavior interventionist, providing services to youth with behavioral and mental disorders. Additionally, she has worked in the school setting, where she provided assistance to children along the Autism Spectrum as well as other various developmental disorders. Her previous work with children benefits her tremendously as a therapist.\nIn her therapeutic work, she utilizes an evidence-based approach while providing individualized treatment to each of her clients. She specializes in working with children with a variety of needs including ADHD, Anxiety, and Autism. Rachel is currently working towards earning licensure in mental health counseling.\nRachel Newberry\nColeen O'Connor, M.S.\nColeen graduated with a Masters in Community Counseling from Wilmington University. She retired in 2015 after 30 years as the Program Coordinator at The First State School for Chronically Ill Children and Adolescents, Christiana Care. She is continuing her education to renew her National Certification and Delaware License as a Mental Health Counselor. She is excited to now offer her services as a school based counselor. Coleen has experience working in a private practice with children, adolescents, families, and adults. She has experience working with a wide variety of mental and behavioral health disorders. Coleen also has an extensive amount of experience in grief counseling, working with death and loss for children, adolescents and families. She was an instructor at Wilmington University in Development and Psychology courses for 12 years. Coleen is passionate about decreasing bullying in schools after the trauma bullying has caused in schools, families, and the workplace across the country. She served as the President of the Delaware Bullying Prevention Association and co-created a course for Bullying Prevention.\nColeen embraces the quote by Mahatma Gandhi “Be the change you want to see in the world.” The students and families that she has been honored to meet, have taught her so much. When we listen to their needs, and treat them with respect and positive regard, lives are changed for the better.\nColeen O'Connor\nAngela Pesce, PhD, LPCMH, NCC\nAngela graduated from Neumann University with a bachelor’s degree in Psychology, and a minor in Spanish. Additionally, she attended The University of Scranton to receive a master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. In 2021, she completed her PhD in Educational Psychology from Walden University. Angela has completed her requirements to become a Nationally Certified Counselor and is a Licensed Professional Counselor of Mental Health.\nSince 2016, Angela has had experience in working with a number of diagnoses, across all age ranges and varying backgrounds. Some of these diagnoses being ADHD, Autism, Conduct Disorders, Trauma and Anxiety. Though a Delaware native, she has also practiced in Scranton, Pennsylvania and Sharon Hill, Pennsylvania.\nAngela Pesce\nPhD, LPCMH, NCC\nShana Petruccelli, LMSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nShana earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Behavioral Science from Wilmington University and a Masters in Social Work from Widener University. She is a Licensed Master Social Worker with 14+ years experience working with children and families providing case management, crisis management, and therapeutic services. Her next goal is to become a Licensed Clinical Social Worker.\nShana’s primary clinical focus is a trauma-focused and strengths-based approach when working with children, adolescents, adults and families who have experienced grief, loss, trauma, and attachment issues. Additionally, she has experience treating at-risk youth and individuals with ADHD, anxiety, depression, and PTSD.\nShana utilizes a variety of treatment methods, such as art therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, person-centered therapy and play therapy. Shana is passionate about working with, and advocating for, individuals of all ages and helping them meet their treatment goals.\nShana Petruccelli\nBrianna Ruiz, M.Ed (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nBri began her career in education by receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree in Early Childhood/Elementary Education from DeSales University. After being in the classroom for 5 years, working with children from pre-k through middle school, Bri followed her heart and obtained a Master of Education degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Springfield College. Bri completed her internship through CCD and is so excited to continue working with children of all ages, as well as teenagers and families.\nBri has experience working with children, adolescents, and families, and is PCIT trained. She has experience working with a variety of clinical concerns, including ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Trauma, Anxiety, and Depression. Bri also works with a variety of children who experience behavior concerns at home and at school, including anger, aggression, and defiance.\nBri’s therapeutic focuses include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Trauma Focused-CBT, Strengths-Based-CBT, Play Therapy, and Parent-Child Interactive Therapy (PCIT). Bri loves to form relationships and connections and is excited to help children, teens, and families reach their full potential and meet their goals.\nBrianna Ruiz\nM.Ed\nRosa Sutton, LACMH, NCC (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nRosa is a native Delawarean who earned her Bachelor’s degree in Psychology and Sociology from Villanova University. After spending four years abroad supporting the military, she returned to Delaware to earn her Master’s in Human Services Administration from Wilmington University, followed by her Master’s in Clinical Mental Health Counseling, also from Wilmington University. Rosa is currently pursuing her Ed.D. in Community Care and Counseling with a focus on Traumatology/Trauma Studies from Liberty University. Rosa is a Nationally Board Certified Counselor and is a Licensed Associate Mental Health Counselor working towards full licensure. Rosa has a background an intensive outpatient provider and has experience providing therapy services to children, adults, and families. Rosa holds a certification in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and is also trained in Functional Family Therapy (FFT). Rosa predominantly uses traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and for her younger clients includes elements of play therapy. Regardless of modality, Rosa prefers a strengths-based approach, focusing on the strengths that her clients bring with them and building upon that foundation.\nRosa Sutton\nLACMH, NCC\nSherri Tull-Hubbard, M.S. (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nSherri is a graduate of Bowie State College where she studied Psychology and earned her Bachelor of Science degree. After graduation, Sherri spent 28 years providing service to the communities in Wilmington Delaware, as a member of the Wilmington Police Department rising to the rank of Captain. While working for the police department, Sherri obtained a Master’s Degree in Education and a Master’s Degree in Community Counseling from Wilmington University. Sherri has experience working with children and families who have experienced and/or are in crisis. Additionally, she has been providing therapy to students in an elementary school setting, working with students in grades 1 through 8. Her therapeutic style of counseling is often eclectic however; she incorporates evidence-based theories and models as well. When working with younger children, Sherri primarily utilizes the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy model. She believes every child who has a mental health history can lead a productive life when services/interventions are provided early.\nSherri Tull-Hubbard\nBrandi Walker, MSW (Pre-Licensed Professional)\nBrandi was raised in the state of Delaware, where she decided to follow her parents and further her education at Delaware State University. She received her Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology (2016) and her Master’s in Social Work (2019). Brandi has experience working with Child Welfare and providing support to children and their families in Delaware’s schools. Brandi is also aware of the resources Delaware has to offer.\nBrandi is trained in Functional Family Therapy and has a passion for bringing families together as well as being a shining examples to young women and mothers. She is currently working towards obtaining her Social Work license.\nBrandi Walker\nSubscribe to us to always stay in touch with us and get the latest news about our company and all of our activities!\nClick Here to Schedule Your First Appointment or Contact Us At:\nPhone: 302-292-1334 x 101\n256 Chapman Road Suite 201, Newark, DE 19702 | Google Map\n© 2022 thecenterforchilddevelopment.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1288340"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6095408201217651,"wiki_prob":0.6095408201217651,"text":"Murray, Sandra and Susan Salter. \"Communities of Practice (CoP) as a Model for Integrating Sustainability into Higher Education.\" Handbook of Research on Pedagogical Innovations for Sustainable Development, edited by Ken D. Thomas and Helen E. Muga, IGI Global, 2014, pp. 170-188. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5856-1.ch009\nMurray, S., & Salter, S. (2014). Communities of Practice (CoP) as a Model for Integrating Sustainability into Higher Education. In K. Thomas, & H. Muga (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Pedagogical Innovations for Sustainable Development (pp. 170-188). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5856-1.ch009\nMurray, Sandra, and Susan Salter. \"Communities of Practice (CoP) as a Model for Integrating Sustainability into Higher Education.\" In Handbook of Research on Pedagogical Innovations for Sustainable Development. edited by Thomas, Ken D., and Helen E. Muga, 170-188. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2014. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5856-1.ch009\nPractice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability\nEnvironmental, Agricultural, and Physical Sciences e-Book Collection\nEnvironmental Sustainability Collection - e-Books\nCommunities of Practice (CoP) as a Model for Integrating Sustainability into Higher Education\nSandra Murray (University of Tasmania, Australia) and Susan Salter (University of Tasmania, Australia)\nSource Title: Handbook of Research on Pedagogical Innovations for Sustainable Development\nThe University of Tasmania (UTas), Australia, made the commitment to adopt a plan for incorporating environmental literacy and sustainability into teaching and learning practices for all undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as within research, operational activities, and the community. The systematic goal was Education for Sustainability (EfS). To move towards this goal, a Community of Practice (CoP) in EfS was established in 2011. This chapter describes the establishment process for this CoP along with key milestones from 2011 through 2013. Paramount among these is the impact of the CoP on EfS at UTas and beyond and the phases involved—from initiation to maturation to ongoing regeneration—are explored. The diverse membership of the CoP, which includes students, academics, professional/operational staff, and community members, is elaborated upon in this chapter to ensure each role is understood as well as the challenges that arise from such diverse initiatives (60+ members).\nIn little more than three decades, ideas of sustainability have become indispensable in defining the fundamental problems of our age and in charting pathways towards more responsible futures. These ideas are now embedded globally in multiple disciplines from legislation and policy to advertising and community meetings. Sustainability is also a prominent focus for education at all levels (McMillan & Dyball, 2009). In recent years there has been an increased commitment to integrating sustainability principles into higher education with the United Nations proclaiming 2005 as the beginning of the first Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (DESD).\nCoPs have been described by Wenger, McDermott and Snyder (2002) and more recently by McDonald and Star (2008) and Star & McDonald (in press) as a group of people who share a concern, a set of problems, or a passion about a topic and who deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis. This concept of community of practice has found a number of practical applications in business, organizational design, government, higher education, professional associations, development projects, and civic life which all use the combination of the three elements that constitute a CoP (McDonald & Star, 2006; Wenger et al., 2002). These elements centre around the domain, the community and the practice. The domain implies that a CoP is not merely a club of friends or a network of connections between people; it has an identity defined by a shared domain of interest. Community suggests that in pursuing a common interest in their domain, members engage in joint activities and discussions, help each other, and share information. The third element, practice, situates a CoP as not merely a community of interested people, but as members of a community of practitioners. They develop a shared repertoire of resources: experiences, stories, tools, and ways of addressing recurring problems - in short, a shared practice.\nOur EfS CoP was established in September 2011 as a strategic initiative in the Division of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor Student and Education and the Tasmanian Institute of Learning and Teaching, to bring together staff and the wider community with the goal of integrating sustainability as a core focus of the university curriculum, research activities, operations and community engagement. In less than one year, the CoP had grown to over sixty voluntary members, including students and academic and professional/operational staff from most faculties and departments across the many campuses. Members have significant skills and experience in undertaking research, developing curricula, managing multi-stakeholder projects and global and community engagement activities.\nThis chapter describes the establishment of an institution-wide CoP for integrating EfS across the broader university including curriculum, research, operations and community. It provides a description of the key milestones achieved from 2011 to 2013. It documents the journey of the CoP through the phases from initiation to maturation and ongoing regeneration. The challenges and achievements of the journey are discussed. It looks at the role of the CoP in establishing the current breadth of perspectives on EfS at our university, in documenting existing initiatives, and in promoting a university-wide conversation about the goal of integrating sustainability across the curriculum and into the broader community.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1797529"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8264679312705994,"wiki_prob":0.8264679312705994,"text":"Misogyny in action in Ireland\nTuesday 29 September 2020 Blog\nWith the Law Commission of England and Wales’ announcement of a public consultation into hate crime, the public will have a chance to have their say on whether misogyny should be considered a hate crime.\nIreland may provide a chance to see this in practice beforehand as our police force, An Garda Síochána, has confirmed that one of the nine strands of diversity in proposed hate crime legislation is “gender” along with age, disability, race, colour, nationality, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation. The Garda press office has confirmed that “gender” includes sex.\nMisogyny in action\nThe charity Citizens UK was reported earlier this month as saying that women were three times more likely than men to experience threats and acts of sexual violence and assault.\nPhilip Grindell, chief executive of threat management consultancy Defuse Global, is reported as saying “My personal view is misogyny should be a hate crime – women are being disproportionately targeted on the basis of their gender.”\nWomen in particular are also being targeted over gender ideology and have been forced out of jobs, de-platformed and subjected to threats and abuse for having the temerity to defend ourselves as a sex with our own rights.\nExisting law in Ireland\nIrish law prohibits certain forms of threatening, abusive or insulting conduct that are intended or likely to stir up hatred against a group of persons on account of certain characteristics. These characteristics are race, colour, nationality, religion, ethnic or national origins, membership of the Travelling Community and sexual orientation, under the Prohibition of Incitement to Hatred Act 1989 Act.\nWe don’t currently have specific legislation dealing with hate crime, although a hate motive is an aggravating factor that judges can take into account (on a non-statutory basis) at sentencing for any criminal offence according to our Department of Justice and Equality. According to the Irish Examiner newspaper, Garda figures show there were 342 reported incidents of hate crime in 2018, compared to 323 in 2017 and 290 in 2016. These in turn compared to 164 incidents in 2015, 115 in 2014 and 112 in 2013.\nShortly before last Christmas, the Gardai produced a Diversity and Integration Strategy 2019-2021 in which hate crime is defined as “Any criminal offence which is perceived by the victim or any other person to, in whole or in part, be motivated by hostility or prejudice, based on actual or perceived age, disability, race, colour, nationality, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation or gender.”\nThere is also a category of “Hate Incidents – (Non Crime)” defined as “Any non-crime incident which is perceived by any person to, in whole or in part, be motivated by hostility or prejudice,” based on the same nine categories of diversity.\nAccording to the Gardai “gender” is defined as including “gender identity, transgender, intersex, gender expression and gender exploration.” Seeking clarification as to whether or not “gender” includes sex “i.e. a criminal offence or non-crime incident motivated in whole or in part by hostility or prejudice to a woman (born female) because of her sex?” the Gardai confirmed that “’Gender’ includes sex.”\n“The definition was constructed after a process of research, consultation and consideration of other jurisdictions,” the Gardai explained as to where the definition of gender was obtained and why it includes “intersex”.\nThose who actually have Differences of Sex Development (DSDs, formerly known as “intersex”) however have repeatedly pointed out that their medical conditions have nothing to do with gender identity and shouldn’t be conflated with it.\nThe Gardai say that “The production of this strategy coincides with the introduction by An Garda Síochána of a `working definition of hate crime`to ensure that our Policing Plan commitment of delivering a victim-centred policing service, focussed on keeping people safe, protecting the most vulnerable and providing a consistently high standard of service is met.”\nWhen it comes to actual crimes misogyny would appear to be a factor in the disproportionate number of sexual offences committed against women.\nAccording to our Central Statistics Office, 89% of victims of sexual violence crimes reported in 2018 where the crime occurred within one year of its reporting were females. (The number of male victims of recent crimes reported was significantly lower (192 males, compared to 1,562 females) but within this cohort, the male victim was under 18 years at the time of the offence in over half the cases.)\nSexual offences also had the lowest detection rate at 11% compared with homicide and related offences at 75% and controlled drug offences the highest at 85% in 2018.\nIreland’s self-id legislation\nIn 2015 Ireland’s legislators passed a self-id Gender Recognition Act permitting men (and women) to fill out a form and declare themselves to be of the opposite gender:\n“Once a Gender Recognition Certificate is issued, the gender of the person named on the certificate becomes for all purposes the preferred gender from that date forward.\nAccordingly, if the preferred gender is the male gender the person’s sex becomes that of a man, and if it is the female gender the person’s sex becomes that of a woman.”\nWomen in particular are also being targeted over gender ideology\nWhat could be more misogynistic than to deny women the truth of our biological definition by including men in the definition of women, to erase our name by saying “people get cervical cancer”; to allow men into women’s hitherto private spaces of toilets and changing rooms, sports, prison, political representation and awards? To do so shows a deep level of disrespect for women and a complete disregard for our fear of a male body in a private or confined space where we would not expect to be made vulnerable and at risk of being assaulted.\nMisogyny is defined as “a hatred of women”. Expressing the view that “transwomen are women” clearly displays hostility or prejudice towards women as a sex so it could perhaps be argued to fit the definition of a non-crime hate incident under the Gardai’s proposals.\nA hate speech public consultation was held late last year with around 3,800 responses including some 175 detailed written responses. The Department of Justice and Equality was reported in February as saying that draft laws to deal with hate crime and hate speech would be published later in spring. Two months ago the Department said that is was “working as a priority” to develop the new legislation\nJill Nesbitt ​is a former journalist who has worked freelance and on the staff of The Irish Times, as a researcher on The Consumer Show for RTE, Ireland’s national broadcaster, and more recently on news stories for The Sunday Times and The Times (Ireland editions).\nTo submit a response to the Law Commission consultation on hate crime law, visit: https://consult.justice.gov.uk/law-commission/hate-crime/\nClick here to subscribe to Fair Cop News to receive the latest campaign updates, blogs and Fair Cop news coverage.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line289923"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.565331220626831,"wiki_prob":0.43466877937316895,"text":"US university president poses with 'suicide bomber'\nhttp://www.michaelfreund.org/9124/us-university-president-poses-with-suicide-bomber\nTalkback quota full; click here to respond\nThe president of one of the leading universities in the United States last week posed for photographs with a student dressed as a suicide bomber, The Jerusalem Post has learned.\nIn copies of photos obtained by the Post, University of Pennsylvania president Dr. Amy Gutmann is seen standing with engineering student Saad Saadi at the annual Halloween costume party held at the president's home.\nSaadi is seen with a keffiyeh around his head, a toy Kalashnikov rifle in hand and six plastic sticks of dynamite strapped to his chest. Gutmann beams alongside him, dressed as Glinda, the Good Witch of the North, a character from L. Frank Baum's novel The Wizard of Oz.\nGutmann, who is herself Jewish, was inaugurated as university president in 2004. Her father, Kurt, fled Nazi Germany with his family in 1934.\nIn other photos taken at Gutmann's party that evening, Saadi can be seen carrying out a series of mock hostage executions, evoking images reminiscent of the series of abductions and murders of Westerners in Iraq in 2004.\nIn one instance, Saadi stands over a fellow student crouched on the ground, and points a gun at her head while reciting verses from the Koran.\nIn another image, Saadi poses with an unidentified child as he points Saadi's toy gun at the camera.\nThe day after the party, Saadi was quoted in the Daily Pennsylvanian, the campus newspaper, as saying that he attended Gutmann's affair dressed as a \"freedom martyr.\"\nFounded in 1751 by Benjamin Franklin, the University of Pennsylvania is based in Philadelphia and has over 23,000 students, including a large percentage of Jews. It consistently ranks among the top 10 schools of higher education in the country, and is a member of the prestigious Ivy League.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line863311"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5670928359031677,"wiki_prob":0.5670928359031677,"text":"Nature/\nClimate/\nWritten by Katie Burton\nI was planning for queues – I could not have been more prepared for queues given reports of chaos at the summit. Which is possibly why I was pleasantly surprised by today’s COP26 experience. After a pleasant sunny morning stroll along the Clyde, I joined the scrum, but given that this year’s summit features record turnout (I was one of 3,781 journalists signed up to attend), the resulting amble into the venue wasn’t unreasonable. Perhaps I’m just easy-going.\nSign up for the Geographical COP26 newsletter!\nCOP26 is set to be the most important climate conference since the Paris Agreement was signed in 2015. With live reporting from Glasgow every day of the conference and plenty of extra analysis, get all the COP content you need from Geographical.\nA few odd moments ensued – attendants outside a plenary session led by Mark Carney seemed somewhat bemused as to why journalists would want to gain entry. That aside, if you turned up early enough, you could wangle your way into most of the open events and the queue for an Irn Bru at lunch was no longer than ten minutes. Clearly there’s something to be said for only turning up when all the world leaders have left.\nThat said, there were plenty of big names up on podiums throughout finance day. Ex-governor of the Bank of England, Mark Carney, chaired several sessions and led on the big headline of the day: his coalition of international financial companies signed up to tackle climate change (The Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero – Gfanz) controls up to $130tn - ‘more than enough’ to get the world to net zero. Gfanz is made up of more than 450 banks, insurers and asset managers across 45 countries which together have around 40% of the world’s assets on their books. Participants include Santander, Bank of America and HSBC.\nThis matters, because transitioning economies away from fossil fuels and helping developing countries to build sustainable, renewable energy systems is going to cost a hell of lot. Carney says it will take $100tn. In short, finance is absolutely essential if we are to come anywhere close to net zero.\n$130tn was the ear worm of the day – you couldn’t escape it. The idea that we now have the ‘plumbing’ necessary to move climate change to the forefront of all financial decisions was also oft repeated. There was a sense that a real shift is occurring in the financial world. Janet Yellen, US secretary of the treasury, made the point that it has historically been uncommon for finance ministers to attend COPs – this was her first. It seems fairly extraordinary that the notion of money being important for climate change is only just gaining recognition – but better late than never.\nListen on however and it appears that the ‘plumbing’ needs significant work. Aside from the fact that the $130tn itself is heavily debated, it is also far from clear how it will be deployed. ‘The money isn’t the problem,’ said numerous people – the problem is getting it where it needs to be, in particular to green and renewable energy projects in developing countries and emerging markets. Rachel Kyte, a former World Bank Group president and former vice president at the International Finance Corporation told me as much in a pre-COP interview: ‘There are so many companies out there doing amazing things, but they are fighting extremely hard to get access to capital. On the other hand, we’ve got trillions of dollars divesting from fossil fuels; we’ve got pension funds all over the world. So we have to take the capital being freed up and connect it to the need. That has always been difficult and that’s still a big part of the stumbling block.’\nThere was a huge amount of emphasis on linking up public and private finance. Sessions tended to feature speakers from both sides. The point was made that public money alone won’t be enough (usually by private investors); the point was made that private finance alone won’t be enough (usually by central bankers).\nPrivate sector actors from investment funds were keen to demonstrate the increase and strong performance of ESG funds (investments that, in theory, align with strong environmental, social and governance standards) but frequently went on to add that they ultimately have a duty to their investors to secure a good return. Talk of assistance from central banks and multilateral development banks (such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Asian Development Bank) to help ‘de-risk’ investments in emerging markets therefore came up a great deal.\nLarry Fink, CEO of asset manager Blackrock, started his speech this morning by imagining the $130tn deployed. ‘Let’s imagine what that does to global economies. Let’s imagine what it could do for jobs, what it can do for the entire world.’ However, he went on to say that ‘deploying [it] is going to be far harder than investing in a normal bond, public equity or treasury bond. We need a system in which we can rapidly deploy that capital to the developing world – and there’s not a system today that can do that.’ In short, funds can’t just invest their clients’ pension money in risky emerging-market projects willy-nilly. Not without help anyway.\nIn the afternoon, Rishi Sunak bounced onto the stage to reiterate the idea that ‘the challenge now is not the finance – we need to match that finance with bankable, viable projects,’ but David Malpass, president of the World Bank Group, who spoke shortly after, presented a much more sobering view. He noted that there are nowhere near enough ‘bankable’ green projects around the world (i.e. those likely to provide a return on investment) for us to reach net zero. What’s needed therefore, is a channelling mechanism for private sector money that won’t necessarily be returned. It all comes back to greater collaboration between public and private.\nThe good news is that such a system could emerge. Blackrock has announced a new public-private finance vehicle worth $500bn called the Climate Finance Partnership, which it hopes will set a precedent for governments and private companies teaming up to mobilise capital in emerging markets. 'It’s essential that the private and public sector come together to share the risks of addressing sustainability in the emerging world,’ Fink said.\nAt a closed-door meeting of finance ministers, the UK also reportedly committed £576 million for a package of initiatives to mobilise finance into emerging markets and developing economies.\nIt wasn’t easy to suss out concrete examples of this type of public-private finance in action – at least not when it comes to green projects in the developing world – but Jon Johnsen, CEO of Danish pension fund PKA, provided one when he spoke about the firm’s investment into the largest wind farm in Africa, based in Kenya. He explained that the investment worked because the Danish central bank agreed to take on some of the initial risk, allowing the fund to then scale up its offering. ‘It’s a real example of what you can do if you work together.’\nSuch schemes, along with a whole host of new, creative financial tools, will prove essential if the fabled $130tn is ever to find good home.\nCOP-WATCH: The Glasgow Climate Pact – a step in the right direction, but don't call it historic\nin Climate\nBy Marco Magrini\nCOP26 is over and the Glasgow Climate Pact is here\nCOP-WATCH: a historic but shaky draft agreement\nThe first COP26 draft agreement has been released\nThe expanded view: Best books and documentaries on climate change for COP26\nThe expanded view on climate change\nCOP-WATCH: Can the carbon markets be made to work?\nMarco Magrini explores the complex issue of carbon markets –…\nCOP-WATCH: Youth day at COP26 – Welcome to the greenwash festival\nThe youth found marching outside the COP26 conference in Glasgow…\nMore articles in NATURE...\nXavi Bou's artistic visions of flight beguile the eye\nHydropower is considered essential if the world is to reach…\nAcross the globe, the diversity of language overlaps with that of the natural world\nAn overlap between populations of grizzly bears and Indigenous groups…\nClimate change is having a huge impact on the oceans,…\nCOP-WATCH: COP26 limps to a close as new draft agreement contains much 'urging' but little 'mandating'\nThe world waits for COP to come to an official…\nCOP-WATCH: Energy day at COP26 — Can we really consign coal to history?\nEnergy day at COP26 was all about coal. Marco Magrini…\nWhy clouds make modelling climate change so complicated\nThe world is reliant on the climate models that forecast…\nClimate leaders of the Global South: the scientists, politicians and activists tackling the crisis at home\nThe Global South has contributed very little to the world…\nGeographical editor, Katie Burton, spends the day at COP26: finance…\nCOP-WATCH: Day three at COP26 – Slashing methane, halting deforestation and big finance for clean tech\nMarco Magrini's analysis of day three at COP26\nHolding to account: The rising power of climate litigation\nLawyers are using the power of the courts to challenge…\nCOP-WATCH: Day two at COP26 – World leaders speak, India makes a pledge, everyone talks money\nMarco Magrini sums up the action from day two of…\nThe expert climate view from the world's most vulnerable nations: Small island states\nCOP has been described as the 'best last chance' to…\nOpinion: Scotland, the host of COP26, is taking a lead on climate change\nMike Robinson, chief executive of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society…\nTwo China experts on whether the world's largest emitter of CO2 can and will turn the tide\nWill China's climate pledges be enough to achieve Xi Jinping's…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line246438"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8291842937469482,"wiki_prob":0.8291842937469482,"text":"Has buscado: +Catalan language wikipedia Hemos resaltado las palabras coincidentes que aparecen en la página que está a continuación.\nConstructed scripts\nMultilingual Pages\nCatalan (català)\nCatalan is a Romance language spoken by about 9.5 million people. It is the official language of Andorra and an official language, along with Spanish, in Catalonia (Catalunya), Valencia (Comunitat Valenciana) and the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears). It is also spoken in parts of Aragon and Murcia, Pyrénées-Orientales in southern France, and in the Sardinian city of Alghero (l'Alguer)\nThe language of Valencia is known as Valencian, which some belief is a separate language, however most linguists view it as a variety of Catalan. The Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (AVL) consider Catalan and Valencian to be two names for the same language.\nCatalan at a glance\nNative name: català [kətəˈɫa/kataˈɫa]\nLanguage family: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Western, Gallo-Romance, Occitano-Romance\nNumber of speakers: c. 9.5 million\nSpoken in: Andorra, southern France, north east Spain, the Balearic Islands, Alghero in Sardinia, Italy\nFirst written: 11th century\nWriting system: Latin script\nStatus: official language in Andorra and in Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands in Spain. Recognised minority language in Pyrénées-Orientales in France, in Aragon in Spain, and in Alghero in Sardinia in Italy.\nCatalan appeared as a distinct language during the 10th and 11th centuries. During the 12th century, Catalan began to appear in writing in scientific, philosophical, financial, religious, legal, literary and historical documents. At that time, Latin and Provençal were the preferred languages for literary and philosophical texts.\nAfter the War of the Spanish Succession (1705-1715), Philip V abolished all the government institutions then existing in Catalonia and implemented Spanish laws. Catalan went through various periods of prohibition and repression.\nIn the 19th century, a period of economic, cultural and national recovery began, known as the Renaixença (Renaissance). Catalan was reborn as the language of literary culture through the Jocs Florals (Floral Games - a poetry contest) and through distinguished figures such as Jacint Verdaguer, Narcís Oller and Àngel Guimerà.\nThe Renaixença raised awareness of the lack of unity in the use of the language (there was no model for a common written language) and of the need to draw up rules on spelling. The founding of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (Institute of Catalan Studies) in 1907 led to the language being codified through the publication of Normes ortogràfiques (Spelling Rules) in 1913, the Diccionari ortogràfic (Spelling Dictionary) in 1917, and the Gramàtica catalana (Catalan Grammar) by Pompeu Fabra in 1918.\nDuring the first 30 years of the 20th century, Catalonia went through a period of political fervour, culminating in the recovery of a degree of political power in the Generalitat (the Government of Catalonia) during the 1930s. During the Second Republic (1931-1939), Catalan was restored to its official language status, which it had lost in the 18th century. However, this promising future was checked by the Civil War and its consequences. The use of Catalan in public was forbidden and the language retreated into the home.\nEver since the restoration of democratic institutions, there has been a process to re-establish the use of Catalan. It is now a co-official language, along with Spanish, in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands, and is widely used an everyday language throughout Catalonia, Valencia, Andorrra and the Balearic Islands. Catalan is used as a medium of instruction in many schools. It is also used extensively in the media and in government.\nCatalan alphabet\nHear the Catalan alphabet with example words:\nCatalan pronunciation\nA and E = [ə] if unstressed in eastern dialects.\nC = [s] before i or e, and [k] elsewhere\nG = [ʤ~ʒ] before i or e, and [g~ɣ] elsewhere.\nGU = [g] before i or e, and [gw] elsewhere\nFinal IG is pronunced [it͡ʃ] after a consonant, and [t͡ʃ] after a vowel.\nI = [i̯] before vowels, and [i] elsewhere\nO = [u] if unstressed in eastern dialects, except in most of parts of Majorca.\nLl = [ʎ] in western dialects and [j] in eastern dialects.\nL·l officially = [lː], but is often pronounced [l]\nFinal R is silent, except in most parts of Valencia.\nU = [u̯] before vowels, and [u] elsewhere\nV = [v] in Balearic, Alghero and in some parts of Valencia.\nX = [t͡ʃ] in western dialects and [ʃ] in eastern dialects.\nK W and Y appear only in loan words\nDownload an alphabet chart for Catalan (Excel)\nSome information provided by Michael Peter Füstumum and based on http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-OqUeLz0Tg\nTots els éssers humans neixen lliures i iguals en dignitat i en drets. Són dotats de raó i de consciència, i han de comportar-se fraternalment els uns amb els altres.\nA recording of this text by Sergi Giménez Palomo from Barcelona\n(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)\nSample videos in and about Catalan\nInformation about Catalan | Phrases | Numbers | Family words | Time | Tongue twisters | Tower of Babel | Catalan learning materials\nLearn Catalan with Glossika\nLearn Catalan\nShipping time world-\nwide is typically 6 days.\nAdd to cart Try it for free\nInformation about Catalan\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_orthography\nhttp://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Català\nhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/european_languages/\nlanguages/catalan.shtml\nhttp://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Catalan/Catalan.html\nInformation about Balearic varieties of Catalan\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balearic_dialect\nhttp://mymenorcavilla.co.uk/the-minorcan-dialect-and-how-it-differs-from-mainstream-spanish/\nOnline Catalan courses\nhttp://www.parla.cat\nhttps://www.loecsen.com/en/learn-catalan\nhttps://www.duolingo.com/enroll/ca/es/Learn-Catalan\nhttps://polymath.org/catalan.php\nhttps://www.101languages.net/catalan/\nCatalan phrases\nhttps://ilovelanguages.org/catalan_phrases.php\nhttps://ielanguages.com/catalan.html\nhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/other/quickfix/catalan.shtml\nhttp://mylanguages.org/catalan_phrases.php\nhttps://wikitravel.org/en/Catalan_phrasebook\nGRup Enciclopèdia Catalana\nhttp://www.grec.net\nOnline Catalan dictionaries\nhttp://www.catalandictionary.org\nhttp://diccionaris.cat\nhttp://www.diccionarios.com\nhttp://termcat.cat\nhttp://hyperdic.net\nhttps://sinonims.com\nOnline radio in Catalan\nhttp://www.catradio.es\nhttp://www.rac1.org\nOnline Catalan news\nhttp://www.elpuntavui.cat\nhttp://www.vilaweb.cat\nhttp://www.ara.cat\nEl diari electrònic de referència en català\nhttp://www.e-noticies.com\nLa literatura catalana a internet\nhttp://lletra.uoc.edu\nhttps://www.contesencatala.com/\nInstitut Ramon Llull (the official institution representing Catalan culture and language abroad): http://www.llull.cat\nSoftcatalà - software in Catalan\nhttp://www.softcatala.org\nAragonese, Aranese, Aromanian, Asturian, Catalan, Corsican, Dalmatian, Emilian-Romagnol, Extremaduran, Fala, Franco-Provençal, French, Friulian, Galician, Gallo, Gascon, Genoese, Guernésiais, Istro-Romanian, Istriot, Italian, Jèrriais, Ladino, Ladin, Ligurian, Lombard, Lorrain, Megleno-Romanian, Mirandese, Moldovan, Monégasque, Mozarabic, Neapolitan, Occitan, Occitan (Auvergnat), Occitan (Languedocien), Occitan (Limousin), Occitan (Provençal), Picard, Piedmontese, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Sardinian, Sicilian, Spanish, Valencian, Venetian, Walloon\nLanguages written with the Latin alphabet\nPage last modified: 28.10.21\nWhy not share this page:\nIf you like this site and find it useful, you can support it by making a donation via PayPal or Patreon, or by contributing in other ways. Omniglot is how I make my living.\nIf you need to type in many different languages, the Q International Keyboard can help. It enables you to type almost any language that uses the Latin, Cyrillic or Greek alphabets, and is free.\nNote: all links on this site to Amazon.com , Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.fr are affiliate links. This means I earn a commission if you click on any of them and buy something. So by clicking on these links you can help to support this site.\nLearn languages quickly\nOne-to-one Chinese lessons\nLearn Mandarin Chinese today!\nLearn languages with Varsity Tutors\nDaily bite-size stories in Mandarin\nLearn a new language today!\nLearn languages on iTalki\nJoin shareasale.com, Earn Cash!\nWriting systems\nCon-scripts\nCopyright © 1998–2022 Simon Ager | Email: | Hosted by Kualo","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line639331"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5812068581581116,"wiki_prob":0.4187931418418884,"text":"International Women’s Day March Takes Over Cabot Square\n“Women United Will Never Be Defeated!”\nNewsSheena Macmillan — Published March 8, 2020\nPhoto Sheena Macmillan\nThis International Women’s Day, Women of Diverse Origins organized the annual women’s march, something they have done since 2002.\nHundreds of people flooded Cabot Square, brandishing brightly coloured posters and flags from their home countries.\nProtests identical to this one happen globally on International Women’s Day, and serves to remind the public that the fight for equality is not over yet.\nNima Machouf, from the Association des femmes iraniennes de Montréal, spoke on women’s growing involvement in Iran’s public sphere. “The women are the ones in university, in the workforce, and at the protests,” she said.\nSeveral women have been imprisoned in Iran for protesting the country’s mandatory veil law. They protest to abolish the law to make the veil voluntary, not compulsory.\n“It should be a choice,” said Machouf. “If they want to wear the veil, they can, and if they don’t, they shouldn’t.”\n“We’re all in the same boat,” said Claudia Martinez from Chili en résistance jusqu’à la dignité.\nEach organization represented at the march—though from different corners of the world—had more things in common than one might expect. Women from Venezuela, Chile, Iran, Palestine, Lebanon, the Philippines, Mexico, and members of various Indigenous communities marched together.\nWhile their struggles might not look the same, they stand united and in solidarity with one another, said Marlene Hale, member of the Wet’suwet’en nation.\n“We have shut down Canada,” Hale said, referring to the wave of solidarity protests and train blockades calling attention to Wet’suwet’en land being used for the Trans Mountain Pipeline.\nProtesters chanted “So-so-so, solidarité, avec, avec, avec la Palestine,” and “Women united will never be defeated.”\nChilean women wore ornate masks, covering their entire heads with red fabric and brightly coloured beads. Led by Martinez, they performed a dance called “There’s Violence on Your Street.” They chanted as they stuck their arms forward, pointing at the metaphorical people oppressing them.\nBenedicte Carole Ze, from the Association des travailleurs et travailleuses d’agences de placement, spoke on the unjust working conditions she faced after first immigrating from Cameroon to Montreal. She regularly worked 10 to 12 hour days, doing the jobs of three people at once. After two years of working without time off, her request for two weeks vacation was denied.\n“If we’re good enough to work, we’re good enough to stay,” she said, about the numerous temporary workers who come to Montreal hoping to start a life here.\n“Our women are dying […] because of our present regime,” said Thelma Castro, founder of PINAY, a Filipino women’s organization.\nThe president of the Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, has urged members of the public to kill people addicted to drugs to control the country’s drug problem. According to Castro, he’s doing more than just that—he’s killing the country’s activists as well.\n“The defenders of human rights, women activists, lawyers, and anybody who is working with the people are either jailed, disappeared, or harassed.”\nThese women and their families leave the Philippines to escape the hostile situation there, only to be racially profiled when they arrive in Canada, explained Castro.\nAfter departing from Cabot Square, protesters stopped in front of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police’s office before moving to the Israeli consulate. From there, protesters marched down Ste. Catherine with music blasting from speakers propped up in the back of a pick-up truck.\nSheena Macmillan is The Link's Editor-in-Chief. She was vol. 41 and 40's news editor. Niall was her favourite member of One Direction.\nFollow @seenamac\nInternational Women’s Day March Happening This Sunday\nKaity Brady – March 6, 2020\nEditorial: Women of Colour Need a Seat at the Table\nThe Link – March 10, 2020\nProtesters chant ‘Enough is enough’ to denounce domestic violence\nAngelica Rameau-Galette – April 2, 2021\nVigil honouring Rebekah Love Harry sheds light on domestic abuse problem in Quebec\nReina Ephrahim – April 4, 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1574573"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8320153951644897,"wiki_prob":0.8320153951644897,"text":"Audio recording of the call with ANZ that financially crippled cancer-stricken mother\nSouth Australian mother Danielle Richardson is dying from cancer and has just months to live.\nBut instead of spending her precious time with her family, they have been embroiled in a bitter dispute with the ANZ bank.\nBack in 2016, Danielle got a call from a representative at the bank which ended up with her opening a super account with ANZ.\nDanielle and Brenton say this ordeal has put them \"through hell\" (A Current Affair)\nDanielle didn't know it at the time, but the consequences of that call would end up putting Danielle and her family \"through hell\".\nJust shy of her 50th birthday, the mother-of-two struggles to find the words to describe the ordeal. Nine months ago, Danielle was diagnosed with an aggressive brain tumour.\nThe news devastated the family. \"It's the sort of thing you don't wish on your worst enemy,\" Danielle's husband Brenton told A Current Affair. \"This is so hard.\"\nThe terrible situation was made worse though when Danielle and her husband tried to access Danielle's life cover they'd held for several years. \"We rang up and we went to claim,\" husband Brenton explains, \"and yeah, they said it wasn't there, it wasn't activated.\"\nDanielle and her husband Brenton have been inseparable since they married 27 years ago (A Current Affair)\nUnbeknownst to the Richardsons, Danielle had lost her life insurance after a call with the ANZ bank.\nDanielle received the call back in 2016, while she was working for the Save The Children charity.\nDanielle is at work when she receives the call and explains to the ANZ representative that she is driving between meetings. A Current Affair has obtained the damning audio recording.\n\"I'm just at work though at the moment,\" Danielle tells the telemarketer.\n\"Okay no problem, letting you know it does take between five to ten minutes of your time, so it's pretty straight forward,\" the ANZ representative responds, pushing to keep Danielle on the line.\nDanielle Richardson's daughter says she loves her mothers smile and laugh (A Current Affair)\n\"So, we'll be as quick as possible,\" the telemarketer continues. \"I don't have any info in front of me though,\" says Danielle.\n\"That's alright, you don't need anything in front of you.\" The call ends up lasting more than 30 minutes, during which time Danielle is clearly distracted and confused.\nAt one point during the call, Danielle actually asks the ANZ representative: \"So what if I, if I die, what would the family get?\"\nShe also tells the telemarketer that she has life insurance with another company. \"No problem… absolutely fine, no worries,\" the representative tells her.\nIn the end, she agrees to open a new super account with the ANZ.\nDanielle doesn't fully understand though that if she transfers her super, she'll lose the death cover attached to her old accounts. It is something the bank never explains during the call.\nThe warning that the new account could impact existing life insurance appears in the fine print of the bank's welcome letter, at the bottom of the second page. (A Current Affair)\n\"I just feel betrayed... I was an advocate for them [ANZ] and I basically was a salesman for them. I said, look Danielle, go with these guys, everything's great,\" husband Brenton says.\nThe Richardson family has now enlisted the help of Michael Fabbro from Erza Legal, who says he was gobsmacked when he heard the phone recording.\n\"I was really shocked that the pressure had been applied in a situation where Danielle was clearly distracted, didn't have time,\" Lawyer Michael Fabbro tells A Current Affair.\n\"It's poor, I think it's negligent, I think they had a real obligation to make sure that Danielle really understood what she was doing.\"\nFollowing the call, ANZ bank did sent a letter to the Richardson family warning them Danielle's new super account would impact her life insurance. But that warning is in the fine print of the bank's welcome letter, at the bottom of the second page.\n\"You will need to consider whether moving your money from your current fund will affect any insurance cover...\" the letter reads.\nThe ANZ also stands by the call to Danielle and claims they made it clear she was opting out of life insurance but could add it later. Their full statement appears below. Unfortunately, Danielle's prognosis isn't good. Her doctors predict her condition will only deteriorate as the weeks go by.\nDanielle and husband Brenton have been inseparable since they fell in love 27 years ago. (A Current Affair)\nHer only hope now a world away from the picturesque waters of Port Lincoln. In Japan researchers are trialing a revolutionary treatment. Trouble is the family just doesn't have the money to get there.\nWithout life insurance, Danielle's parents have had to pay the family's mortgage.\nDanielle's husband Brenton says he's already spent $60,000 on surgery, quitting his job to become Danielle's full-time carer.\nDanielle's previous death and disablement insurance totaled more than $600,000. A significant portion of which may have been paid out before she passed. \"I've had that achieved for a number of clients and it makes a significant difference to the way in which they can live out the balance of their lives,\" the family's lawyer Mr Fabbro says.\nA mother's anger\nCancer warning\n\"It's one thing that will help us, it really would,\" Brenton says. \"The next three months are going to be pretty, time to act now, the doctors told us Danielle had twelve to fourteen months to live, and we're nine months in.\"\nIn Danielle's hometown of Port Lincoln, the community have been rallying to support the family. Donna, who has been Danielle's best friend since grade four, launched the 'Smile for Danielle' fundraiser. It has raised more than $50,000.\nBut the goodwill from the community hasn't been echoed by the ANZ bank.\n\"I feel upset that they didn't treat us very well and didn't do the right thing,\" Danielle says. After nine months of difficult legal proceedings, the family are hoping their story will push ANZ to resolve their case.\n\"The whole thing's tough, it really is. But we remain hopeful,\" Brenton says.\nAn ANZ spokesman submitted the following statement to A Current Affair.\nANZ does not publicly discuss the specific details of our customers, however it is incredibly sad what this customer is currently going through and we sympathise with the pain the family must be enduring.\nWe have reviewed the matter thoroughly, including a tape of the phone call in question and the written correspondence that was sent following initial contact.\nIt is clear that the call was conducted at the request of the customer's husband.\nWe outlined the various insurance options on several occasions during the call to be sure the customer was clear about their circumstances, as we would on any call of this nature. In this case the customer advised they did not want life insurance as they already had it with another company.\nDuring the call we also made clear that even though the customer had opted out of life insurance, they could add it later by contacting us on the phone or online.\nAfter the call, we sent follow-up letters to the customer urging her to check her insurance cover with the following section included:\nCheck your insurance cover – if you haven't already done so\nInsurance isn't automatically transferred when you rollover. Any insurance in [previous super account] was not transferred and was cancelled when you rolled over. Please check your current cover meets your needs.\nWithout going into specifics, there was a period of more than 12 months between the call in question and the customer activating her superannuation account which provided ample time for them to review the details.\nOur correspondence with this customer and the establishment of their superannuation account followed strict internal guidelines and codes, and was also in line with the many laws that are necessary to govern superannuation and life insurance.\nWe have asked our independent Customer Advocate to review this case as a priority.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1725789"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8803330659866333,"wiki_prob":0.8803330659866333,"text":"Bloomington High School “The Frank”\n—-The basketball arena at Bloomington High School in Bloomington, Illinois, known as “The Frank”, bears more of resemblance to an airport hanger than 95% of the high school gyms in the state, Dec. 2021. (photo by Vincent D. Johnson).\nWhen Civic Pride & Design Mattered\nBloomington High School’s Robert Frank Sports Complex, commonly referred to as “The Frank”, is a holdover from the days when civic pride was often behind the design of the local high school’s gyms & football fields.\nThe Frank is the rare high school venue that has an interior and exterior aesthetic to it. The gentle curvature of the roof beams, that extend outside the building, to the curved floor to ceiling glass windows that line the north side of the facility, letting in natural light, but never direct sunlight. There’s even a beautiful symmetry between the conference championship banners and local sponsorship banners.\nBloomington High School’s Robert Frank Sports Complex, is as stunning to look at as it is functional, 1950s civic pride in full display. (Photo copyright of Vincent David Johnson)\nNatural light entering the arena can create a very unique light during a game. (photo by Vincent D. Johnson)\nA frosted glass wall on the south side of The Frank lets in some natural light, but not too much. Conference championship banners and sponsor banners mirror each other in a way that it’s not as tacky as it is in some gyms. (photo copyright of Vincent David Johnson)\nThis A Sports Arena, Not A Gym\nThere are few high school basketball courts in the state, or the country for that matter, that calling them a gym would be a disservice. The Frank truly deserves to be called a sports arena. Built in 1959 the building has a slight arch, with 10 large-metal I beams the protrude from the east & west sides of the building creating a sloping cantilever overhang.\nThe exterior of the Robert Frank Sports Complex at Bloomington High School, Illinois has a low profile as a majority of the seating and all of the court are below ground level. (Photo copyright of Vincent David Johnson)\nWith the playing surface below ground, all fans enter at ground level and head directly to seating in the upper section, or make their way down stairs at all four corners of the floor so they can sit court-side. A sliding wall is hidden away towards the south end of the main level. Both west and east sides can be turned into separate playing areas when the bleachers are retracted against the wall.\nStairs at all four corners of the arena lead to the court-side seating areas.\nIt wouldn’t make sense for a regulation game, but with the main level walls closed and bleachers retracted, warmups or practices could happen simultaneously with a game at The Frank. For the State Farm Classic basketball tournament one side was used as the hospitality room for officials, volunteers, & media.\nTrophy cases and a purple 8 foot wall are what greats you when you enter The Frank. That wall blocks out a view of the court so people don’t crowd the entrance area, but also is short enough to let in a lot of light from the wall of windows on the north side.\nThe Robert Frank Sports Complex at Bloomington High School in Bloomington, Illinois, also known as “The Frank”.\nFirst round girls basketball action between Rochester and Washington during The State Farm Classic at The Frank, Dec. 2021.\nView this list of best high school gyms in Illinois | See the gallery of other high school gyms","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1171400"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5230737924575806,"wiki_prob":0.5230737924575806,"text":"Home/ Free Essays/ Health/ Health Policy for Uninsured\nFree Health Policy for Uninsured Essay Sample\nGenerally, policies are the structural processes that determine the way the government acts on various matters that touch on the welfare of the citizenry. In the healthcare sector policies often, refer to the approaches that guide the government in the making of decisions concerning the provision of health care services for the citizens. The formulation of the health polices in the United States is generally governed through a sequence of actions that ultimately yield a workable policy framework. The policy framework is then integrated within the system of government so that it serves as the reference points for all future actions and plans of the sector. Generally, the processeses that determine the formulation of a policy include building of the agenda, the formulation of the policy, policy implementation, evaluation, and policy termination.\nThe agenda building stage in the policy making process usually begins with the need to deliberate on an existing or emergent problem. A certain issue or phenomena results and causes strain on the society, thus necessitating sections of the society to deliberate on the possible ways of mitigating the resultant adverse effects. One of the most sensitive issues in any society is the health care sector. It is also the most cost intensive sector. Therefore, this sector will demand a multi-spectral approach that would address it in accordance with the complex needs of the society.\nIn the United States, the issue of insurance cover for the citizenry has often yielded debates regarding the best possible approach. The agenda building stage for the health care sector often involves the deliberation on the balance between the costs and the provision of quality health care services to the citizens. This provision is considered a fundamental basic right. Over the years, the agenda building stage has influenced varying perspectives regarding the best possible approach that would offer appropriate balance between care and costs.\nThe formulation and adoption stage in the policymaking process entails the designing of some specific approach that would constitute the structures and mechanics of addressing the identified matter or problem. Various institutions may be involved in the formulation and adoption stage of the policy. These institutions may include lobby groups, courts and congress. At this stage, the various organs and institutions that are engaged in the process of formulating and adopting the policy tend to adopt contradictory approaches that suit their specific interests. At the advanced stage of the process, a bill may be presented before Congress. Alternatively, a specific regulatory agency may assume the task of drafting the proposed laws. These processes generally prepare the ground for the adoption of the policy.\nThe final adoption or rejection of the policy will be determined by the decision of the Congress. The Congress may adopt or reject the bill. The passage of the bill would imply that the regulations and rules designed at the earlier stages become fully functional. However, the Supreme Court may intervene to determine the fate of the bill in case any contentious issues are brought before it for final determination. After the formulation and adoption of the policy, the next stage becomes its implementation. The implementation process of the policy is placed under the charge of specific bodies that lay down the structures and operational details that ensure the workability of the policy. This process usually involves bodies and agencies that have been known to deliberate on adoption processes of the policy. The earlier stages of adoption and formulation do not provide the mechanics of the implementation of the policy.\nGenerally, this process would involve the setting up on rules and procedures that would customize the policy. Usually, the process would entail the need for integrating the details of the policy within the existing framework and systems in a way that would not yield operational conflicts. Sometimes the implementation process turns out to be problematic due to the mismatch between the details of the policy and the existing framework where it needs to be absorbed. It is because of this reason that sufficient deliberation and positive criticism need to precede the adoption process in order to streamline it within the existing structures. A second challenge that often faces the implementation process of the bill concerns the compliance levels by the stakeholders.\nStakeholders may tend to adopt approaches that are contrary to the letter and spirit of the policy. Certain sections of the society may adopt critical approaches to the policy thus rendering its workability problematic. Lobbyists, interest groups, and political opponents may pose compliance problems at the implementation stage of the policy. However, the streamlining of the policy into the official frameworks of the government makes it obligatory for everybody across the board to adopt its requirements and specifications. It becomes binding as long as no group or individual challenges its legitimacy before the Supreme Court.\nThe next stage after the implementation stage of the policy is the evaluation and termination stage. The evaluation of the policy is anchored on the need to determine the levels of the policy’s efficacy in line with the specific objectives, for which the bill was originally designed to address. The evaluation of the bill is usually conducted within the broad concept of the cost-benefit analysis. Stakeholders will tend to be critical of the bill if the evaluation reveals that the cost of maintaining the policy is not commensurate with the attendant benefits. However, evaluation stages of policies are often faced with the challenges of method, because different methods and approaches will yield contradictory perspectives regarding the efficacy of the bill.\nUsually, the merits of evaluating the policy are marred with vested interests from the political class, groups, and individuals with stakes in the policy. Health policies are some of the most divisive policies in the United States because of the conflicting perspectives between the government and insurance providers. The contention between these two parties is explained by the fact that the government will aim to include all its citizenry within the insurance umbrella, whereas the insurance groups would want policies that shield them from every possible risk or loss. The termination of policies is often a rare occurrence. However, certain developments may arise to make a particular policy obsolete or expensive. Generally, technological innovations may render certain policies problematic. When such situations arise, the policy makers will initiate debate that could lead to the eventual overhauling of the policy and replacing it with one that suits the interests of the stakeholders.\nPolicies may also be terminated due to political will. Politicians may assume office on the promise of bringing about specific changes in the healthcare sector. Alternatively, pressure groups may initiate campaigns that could culminate into the changing of certain policies, which they deem to be unproductive to certain interests. Certain policies may be made in such a way that they only require strategic revisions in different political or ideological dispensations. They could also be structured to align them with the fluid nature of social realities. Makers of policies often take precautionary measures to include flexible structures that would guarantee the survival of the policies in different political, ideological, and social realities. Policies that combine prevailing conditions and the likely scenarios tend to outlast those that are generally modeled on transient stimuli.\nPima Health System Health Nation\nHealth Nation\nMysterious Illnesses\nPima Health System\nOrganizational Stress","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1646529"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9022111296653748,"wiki_prob":0.9022111296653748,"text":"Mermaid Fairy Tales that Mothers Can Tell to Children\nJakarta – Reading fairy tales can be a useful routine for children, Mother. There are many fairy tales that we can tell our children before going to bed, such as the fairy tale of the Mermaid. The fairy tale of the Mermaid or The Little Mermaid was first written by Hans Christian Andersen in 1837. This fairy tale was later adapted into an American animated film in 1989. The story of the Mermaid is very interesting to tell to children because it can increase their imagination, Mother. Your little one will create a new underwater world to illustrate the storyline. Then what kind of fairy tale Mermaid can you tell your child? Come on, take a look at the following story, such as quoting the Stories to Grow By page! The Tale of the Mermaid and the Kind Prince It is told that in a very deep and wide sea, there lived a Sea King who ruled the underwater world. The king lived in a beautiful palace, made of blue coral with a shell roof that could be opened and closed. There the Sea King lived happily with his mother and four daughters. The four of them have a short age gap with each other. The King’s youngest daughter was named the Little Mermaid. Unlike her brothers, the Little Mermaid spends most of her time going to sunken ships that have fallen to the bottom of the sea. These ships held many treasures from the outside world, a world the Litte Mermaid had never known. While spending time on shipwrecks, the Little Mermaid often sings while organizing the collection of treasures he finds. He really likes to sing with other fish. Everyone knows that the Little Mermaid’s voice is the most beautiful there is. There was one rule made for the Little Mermaid and her sisters. When they are 15 years old, they can swim to the surface of the sea. The Little Mermaid was eagerly waiting for this moment because she was the last one in her family to be allowed to swim there. But because she was so curious, Little Mermaid made her grandmother tell her about life on land. “There are ships, cities and people up there,” said the grandmother. Mermaid Illustration/ Photo: Getty Images/iStockphoto/totallyjamie Before long, the eldest sister turned 15 years old. She became the first princess to be allowed to rise to sea level. When he returned, he brought the story to his three younger siblings. He tells the story while resting on the soft white sand, looking at the sky and clear clouds, and the sunset turning golden red. He had even seen birds flying high above him. After that, it was the turn of the Little Mermaid’s second sister who swam to the surface after she was 15 years old. He tells of an iceberg floating in the sea and shining brightly. All the ships looked away from the iceberg, as if frightened and the iceberg looked uninhabited. The next story was brought by the Little Mermaid’s third sister. After returning from sea level, he told the story as he swam closer to the city gates. He heard human voices calling to one another, the sound of horses being pinned down on the road. This Little Mermaid’s third sister even heard music for the first time at sea level. All the stories shared by the three sisters made the Little Mermaid even more curious about the life above him. When he was 15 years old, he came to the surface to see for himself the story his brother was sharing. When it appeared above sea level, the Little Mermaid was next to a large ship. From his place, he could hear beautiful music and sailors dancing. They seemed to be laughing and having fun. Suddenly the Little Mermaid saw a handsome young man stepping off the deck of the ship. At the same time, the sound of fireworks rang out and the Little Mermaid approached. The young man seemed favored by the sailors. At that time, the Little Mermaid thought that he was a prince. “He must be a prince,” said the Little Mermaid. However, suddenly the party turned into a disaster. Big waves came followed by lightning and rainstorms. The ship was adrift in the ocean. Little Mermaid saw that the handsome prince earlier was the only one on the ship. He seemed to help the sailors who fell into the sea. Unfortunately, the handsome prince was also thrown and fell into the sea. Knowing that humans cannot live underwater, the Little Mermaid dives in and saves the prince. The Little Mermaid then swam to the surface and pulled the prince’s body to the shore. The Little Mermaid looked confused because the prince didn’t come to his senses and opened his eyes. “Is he dead?” asked the Little Mermaid in her heart. The Little Mermaid then sang a sad song. Suddenly, the prince started to move and opened his eyes. “Oh! Are you all right?” asked the Little Mermaid while touching the prince’s forehead. At the same time, the voices of several women appeared on the beach. The Little Mermaid immediately dived quickly so that her identity would not be exposed. Since then, the Little Mermaid never met the handsome and kind prince again. He returned home without saying anything to his brothers. Years later, the Little Mermaid still can’t forget the prince. She then told her grandmother and said she wanted to meet the handsome prince again. “My dear, you know that a Mermaid can’t walk on two legs! The only one who can do that is a Sea Witch. But of course it’s too dangerous to meet her,” said the grandmother to the Little Mermaid. Mermaid Illustration/ Photo: Getty Images/iStockphoto/totallyjamie Little Mermaid doesn’t listen to Grandma’s advice. He went to the far end of the sea to meet the Sea Witch. Hearing the Little Mermaid’s request, the Witch Laur gave a potion to give her two legs. The condition is, the Little Mermaid must throw away her melodious voice. In addition, the Sea Witch also said that the prince had to marry her if the Little Mermaid wanted to live. Her sweet voice won’t come back either. “If the prince marries someone else, you will die the next day and your voice will stay with me forever,” said the Sea Witch. The Little Mermaid agreed and immediately drank the potion from the Sea Witch. He passed out and woke up on the ground with two legs like a human. At that time, the Little Mermaid was found by her idol prince. He was invited to the prince’s palace and heard all the stories of his idol man. The next day was the royal feast. The prince took the Little Mermaid. The prince wanted the Little Mermaid by his side every day. The Little Mermaid thought the prince would surely fall in love with her and she still had hope of marrying the man with the beautiful voice she had saved. However, suddenly the King called the prince to and asked his son to choose a bride, a princess from a nearby country who came to the party. The prince’s heart was broken, and so was the Little Mermaid. Unbeknownst to the Little Mermaid, her voice has been transferred by the Sea Witch to the woman betrothed to the prince. The prince was amazed by the sound of the princess being betrothed and agreed to marry her. The Little Mermaid’s heart was breaking even more. The next day, the Little Mermaid went to sea and told her three brothers about the prince’s problem. Little Mermaid’s brothers told the father. Unfortunately, the Little Mermaid turns out to be held captive by a Sea Witch who wants the Sea King’s wand. Seeing the princess pressed, the Sea King agreed to give his scepter and kingdom to the Sea Witch. The Sea Witch then turned into a monster came to the wedding and made a mess. The Little Mermaid tried to save the prince until he was trapped by the monster’s tentacles. The Little Mermaid used the knife she was carrying to stab the monster’s chest. The prince then helped him by shooting arrows at the monster. The Sea Witch fell into the water and lost. At that moment, the Little Mermaid’s melodious voice returned again. The prince who heard the Little Mermaid’s true voice immediately realized that he had been misjudging all this time. The prince remembered the voice as the voice of the woman who helped him when the shipwrecked. At the same time, the princess who was the prince’s match came to attack because she didn’t accept the Little Mermaid’s presence. Suddenly, the Sea King came and again took his wand and helped the princess against the evil princess. The evil princess was defeated and the Sea King immediately waved his wand and lifted the Little Mermaid back to the ship. The prince came and hugged the Little Mermaid. “Now I know that you saved me first. Will you marry me?” asked the prince. The Little Mermaid answered ‘yes’ in her sweet voice. Both of them live happily. See also 3 benefits of storytelling to children, in the following video:\n[Gambas:Video Haibunda] (ank/som) .\nchild activityfairy talesfairytale\n5 HP Oppo AMOLED screens, recommendations for January 2022\n7 Portraits of Joe Taslim and His Wife, Praised Like a Couple of Korean Artists Bun","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line660068"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9884494543075562,"wiki_prob":0.9884494543075562,"text":"Utes football: Cornerback Justin Thomas not taking anything for granted\nBy Dirk Facer Apr 18, 2013, 8:10pm MDT\nShare All sharing options for: Utes football: Cornerback Justin Thomas not taking anything for granted\nJustin Thomas practices with the University of Utah football team in Salt Lake City, Thursday, April 18, 2013. Ravell Call, Deseret News\nJustin Thomas works to get free during University of Utah football practice in Salt Lake City, Thursday, April 18, 2013. Ravell Call, Deseret News\nJustin Thomas runs a punt return during University of Utah football practice in Salt Lake City, Thursday, April 18, 2013. Ravell Call, Deseret News\nSALT LAKE CITY — Although Justin Thomas is pleased to be on top of the depth chart at one of the cornerback spots, the redshirt freshman from Texas isn’t taking anything for granted as Utah closes out spring camp.\n“Everything is like temporary right now,” Thomas said. “Nothing’s locked in. So I’ve got to keep on working.”\nThe 21-year-old is especially eager to play in a game. It’s been awhile since he’s done so.\n“I’m really excited about it,” said Thomas, who wasn’t allowed to play for West Orange-Stark High School as a senior because he surpassed the University Interscholastic League’s maximum age mark. “I haven’t played a game in two years. I’m ready.”\nThe former four star-rated prep star spent his first season with the Utes as a redshirt while senior cornerbacks Ryan Lacy, Moe Lee and Reggie Topps completed their eligibility.\n“He’s very talented. He’s maybe the fastest kid on the team — certainly in the top three or four, which is a requisite for playing corner,” said Utah coach Kyle Whittingham. “You’ve got to be able to run. So he’s got that. He’s got great quickness and balance and he’s eager to get in there.”\nWhittingham added that Thomas has had a nice spring and would be a starter, in the 4-3 package at cornerback with Keith McGill, if the Utes were to play tomorrow.\n“He’s really got a bright future in our opinion,” Whittingham said.\nThe former four-star recruit, though, shies away from such recognition.\n“Anybody that can get the job done will do good for us,” Thomas said. “I’m a team player, so that will work for me.”\nAs for Utah’s ability to replace last year’s three contributing cornerbacks, Thomas is confident this year’s squad is capable of doing it.\n“Oh yeah. We can work something out,” he said. “Everybody’s coming along technique-wise.”\nJunior Davion Orphey and redshirt freshman Reginald Porter are also on this week’s depth chart at cornerback — as backups. Junior Joseph Smith and senior Michael Walker occupy the No. 1 spot at nickel back.\nSPRING GAME: As has become the norm in recent years, the teams in Saturday’s annual Red and White game (1 p.m., Rice-Eccles Stadium) will be divided up evenly.\n“It’s a chance for us to see guys in as game-like situations as we can create — find out who can finish, find out who can make the plays when they need to be made,” Whitingham said. “A lot of the position battles are very close and very heated and this will be one more opportunity to evaluate them.”\nA few healthy players, though, won’t be participating. Defensive tackle Tenny Palepoi and safety Eric Rowe are among those being held out of the game for precautionary reasons. Quarterbacks Trevor Wilson and Adam Schulz will play, but will be off-limits to tacklers.\nGREAT SHOWING: If Friday’s golf tournament is any indication, expect a lot of former Utes to be on hand for this weekend’s spring football finale. Whittingham said all 144 slots have been taken.\n“We’ve had great response,” he explained. “It’s just been building over the last five or six years, where we get more and more every year and so we’re looking forward to seeing them all.”\nEric Weddle and Sione Pouha are among those expected to be back for the spring game. An alumni flag football contest is scheduled for Saturday at noon.\nCHANGING TIMES: Utah’s spring game will be televised live on the Pac-12 Networks.\n“I think it’s great. It’s great for recruiting and I think that certainly we’ve come a long way in the last 15 years,” Whittingham said. “I remember when the spring game was maybe 100 people in the stands, tops, and now we’ve got several thousand and a live broadcast on national TV.”\nEmail: dirk@desnews.com\nTwitter: @DirkFacer\nAP Source: L.A. Lakers assistant coach Eddie Jordan agrees to coach Rutgers basketball\nUtah basketball's scholarship roster will be a 50/50 blend","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1762982"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7676949501037598,"wiki_prob":0.7676949501037598,"text":"West Torrens Library Service\nMatthew Bourne’s Romeo + Juliet\nMATTHEW BOURNE'S ROMEO + JULIET is a passionate and contemporary re-imagining of Shakespeare's classic story of love and conflict. Set in the not-too-distant future in 'The Verona Institute' and mysteriously confined against...\nMATTHEW BOURNE'S ROMEO + JULIET is a passionate and contemporary re-imagining of Shakespeare's classic story of love and conflict. Set in the not-too-distant future in 'The Verona Institute' and mysteriously confined against their will by a society that seeks to divide and crush their youthful spirits, our two young lovers must follow their hearts as they risk everything to be together.\nA timeless story about repressed emotions and teenage discovery is no better told than by the young', said Matthew Bourne. Inspired by this and as part of New Adventures' ambition to support the next generation of on-stage talent, Romeo & Juliet featured the finest emerging male and female dancers from around the UK. Bursting with youth, vitality, and Bourne's trademark storytelling, six young cast members were chosen following a nationwide audition tour and they performed alongside the New Adventures company at each theatre venue.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1857314"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5771171450614929,"wiki_prob":0.4228828549385071,"text":"The true state of the case considered\nThe true state of the case considered or, The Oxford Tracts, the public press, and the Evangelical party by G. P. de Sancta Trinitate.\nPublished 1986 by British Library in London .\nTracts for the times\nStatement by G. P. de Sancta Trinitate.\nPagination 1 microfiche (item 2, neg.) ;\nDownload The true state of the case considered\nAaron Hernandez was a former NFL player who was convicted of murdering a former friend. His case would be considered a \"celebrated case\" in the wedding cake model. If a person who was not a public figure carried out an identical crime, that case would fall under which layer of the wedding cake model? But, the full panel of the 9th Circuit eventually ruled that the case was more properly evaluated under true-threat analysis and that the Web site did in fact constitute a true threat. In , the U.S. Supreme Court declined to review this ruling. The American Digest System indexes and classifies all case law, both state and federal. True A memorandum opinion is an opinion of the entire court, rather than . Verse - He that is first in his own cause seemeth just; Revised Version, he that pleadeth his cause first seemeth just. A man who tells his own story, and is the first to open his case before the judge or a third party, seems tot the moment to have justice on his side.\nSo Green Book isn’t merely inspired by history, we’re told, or based on a true story: it is the “true story,” written by family, and furthermore, it depicts a “true friendship Author: K. Austin Collins. Clear and present danger was a doctrine adopted by the Supreme Court of the United States to determine under what circumstances limits can be placed on First Amendment freedoms of speech, press, or assembly. The test was replaced in with Brandenburg ' s \"imminent lawless action\" test. First, let's address what would be considered libel. In order to be libelous, a statement must meet these conditions: 1. There must be some negligence on the part of the writer. 2. It must be defamatory. Which means false and injurious to the plaintiff's reputation. 3. It must be published in some form. /5(K). Get this from a library! A true state of the case of Bosavern Penlez, who suffered on account of the late riot in the Strand: in which the law regarding these offences and the statute, commonly called the Riot Act, are fully considered. [Henry Fielding; Bosavern Penlez].\nAll Things Considered for May 9, That's no longer true. Women accounted for 55% of the rise in job losses last month. Lawyer Representing Ahmaud Arbery's Family Discusses Case. Books shelved as court-case: To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, Nineteen Minutes by Jodi Picoult, Perfect Match by Jodi Picoult, Deviant: The Shocking. A nation state is a state in which a great majority shares the same culture and is conscious of it. The nation state is an ideal in which cultural boundaries match up with political boundaries. According to one definition, \"a nation state is a sovereign state of which most of its subjects are united also by factors which defined a nation such as language or common descent.\". To clarify, there are in general two levels of ruach simply inspires and moves the person to take a specific action, like rescuing a community, as is the case with the various Judges of Israel (see, for example, Judges , ).The second and greater level of ruach ha-kodesh is when the person is granted divine knowledge, and may also be encouraged to Author: Yehuda Shurpin.\nThe Law of the Sea\neffect of multinational corporations on European integration.\nTrue brew\nRequirements Engineering for Sociotechnical Systems\nHitler Among the Germans.\nSeminar on AACR2\nNaming the Sky","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1569504"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5984260439872742,"wiki_prob":0.5984260439872742,"text":"ABOUT LEARN MORE CHAMPIONS OF ADULT EDUCATION ADULT LEARNER SUCCESS TEACHER SUCCESS EMPLOYER SUCCESS INNOVATIONS MAP LOCATOR TOOL SOCIAL MEDIA ROOM LATEST NEWS CONTACT\nHave an adult learner success story or testimonial?\nAdult Learner Success\nAlisha Cash\nA mother and full-time student “who never misses a day of school and always has a smile on her face,” Aisha Cash excelled at Waterbury Adult Education despite numerous trials and tribulations. With a “passion for learning so uplifting and rare,” Aisha achieved her goal of becoming a college student.\nIn fact, “Post University was so impressed with her enthusiasm and fantastic grades, that they came here to Waterbury Adult Education to tell her in person that she has indeed been accepted to the school of her dreams, Post University,” shared her teacher.\nWith plans to become a counselor to aid others on their journey, Aisha was one of two that placed college level on the Accuplacer Test as a student in the credit diploma program at Waterbury Adult Education. Mapping out the courses that would best prepare her for getting into the college program she wanted, Aisha did so well on her entrance exams that she earned course credit before starting her college journey.\nAlways concerned with the welfare of her fellow classmates, Aisha views the classroom as a community where everyone can help one another. Openly sharing about personal challenges she has overcome—including being incarcerated and dealing with a lifelong autoimmune disease—Aisha’s desire to help others is sincere and heartfelt.\n“She makes sure the person sitting next to her ate something that morning, she will get up from her seat and sit with a complete stranger if she thinks they might not understand the material in class, and if someone is missing from class, she wants to know why they were absent and reminds them of the importance of coming to school every day.”\nEdy Vasquez\nEdy Vasquez immigrated from Guatemala and works two jobs while attending classes at San Mateo Adult School as an ESL student. When Edy first arrived in the U.S., he focused only on working for several years, as there were no classes nearby that he could attend. Since discovering San Mateo Adult School, Edy has regularly attended classes, steadily progressing as a learner and contributor, while “always helping others as he ascended. He is a leader who lifts up others as he moves forward, always thinking of the community and sowing all his accomplishments back into the community so that others can excel, as well,” says Edy’s teacher.\nEdy hopes to work in a forensic lab or open a small business in the future. Edy attends school four evenings a week and enjoys making a positive impact in school and community life.\nHanan Chatila\nWith the goal of attending an American college, Hanan Chatila began taking adult education classes in Florence, South Carolina, in September 2012, having immigrated to America from Lebanon with a high school diploma and some college background. Entering school as an English language learner and ESL student, Hanan worked to achieve her literacy goals while overcoming domestic challenges and health issues, as well as engaging in her children’s education.\nDetermined to succeed, Hanan faithfully took adult education classes for 7 years, passing GED tests and earning her high school equivalency degree in January 2018. Upon graduation, she was recognized as a member of the Adult Education National Honor Society, participating on-stage as a cohort leader. Hanan also serves as a volunteer at a local regional hospital system and at Florence County Adult Education.\nIn October 2018, she became certified as an Arabic translator through LanguageLine and was approved as a translator for Florence One Schools. She currently attends classes at Florence-Darlington Technical College where she is studying to earn a degree as a radiology technician and has a 4.0 GPA.\nNazaria Valdez\nAs a young teen mother, Nazaria Valdez struggled to make ends meet, putting her education on hold to work and raise her daughter. Overcoming numerous challenges together through the years, including bullying and depression that caused her daughter to stop attending school, Nazaria and Sarahi recently celebrated their dual graduation!\nTheir mother-daughter journey began when Nazaria accompanied Sarahi to an orientation and registration session at Region One’s ESC Adult Education and Literacy Program. At her daughter’s suggestion, Nazaria signed up for GED classes too. They supported each other in class, first passing the RLA test and, with assistance from Operation College Bound testing vouchers, completing the rest of their tests in no time.\nNazaria graduated on November 6, and Sarahi graduated a week later, on November 14. The determined, inspirational mother-daughter duo plan to attend South Texas College in McAllen to continue their educational journey.\nKatelyn Moore\nKatelyn Moore possesses the potential and drive to one day serve as a United States Supreme Court judge, says her college math professor, describing Katelyn as “an amazing student, a true leader and a shining example of the opportunities that students can create for themselves when they have encouragement and support.”\nA single mother who enrolled in Spokane Community College after a 10-year break, “Kat” excels in her studies, community involvement and family life, despite financial and emotional hardships.\n“She inspires so many students, especially the nontraditional, female students who are also juggling family, school, and work,” says her Applied Math professor, who met Katelyn in 2018 in the Adult Basic Education Division’s College Prep Program and challenged her to get involved in student life.\n“She accepted my challenge and surpassed my expectations,” her professor noted, adding that Katelyn served as the Chief Justice for the SCC Associated Student Government in 2018–2019, and this year, served as SCC ASG Vice President. “Her efforts have helped to improve the school’s food bank, better student organization events, such as our Family Fun Night in October and the Latin American Club’s Feliz Navidad event.”\nAfter graduating this spring with an Associate of Arts degree with an emphasis on Communications and Legal Studies, Katelyn plans to attend Whitworth University to complete a Bachelor of Arts in Communication with a minor in Law and Justice. She will then attend Gonzaga University School of Law to earn her Juris Doctor and become a prosecutor and eventually a judge with the state court system.\nHaydee Gil\nAs the first person in her family to complete college and only the second to complete high school, Haydee Gil serves as an inspiration for many, including her fellow college students whom she tutors and family members like her niece, who was influenced by Haydee to finish high school after a series of setbacks.\nDrawing strength from personal challenges to reach her goals, Haydee aims to become a Parent Advocate for kids with special needs—as a parent of a son with Stickler Syndrome, Haydee learned firsthand the importance of support for families trying to navigate the healthcare system. She launched her career plan by sitting for her state test to become a certified Medical Assistant in 2020 after overcoming multiple challenges and resolving to pursue an education to better care for herself and her family.\nHaving dropped out of high school to help her family with their restaurant business more than 20 years prior, Haydee enrolled in Literacy Volunteers of Maricopa County. At her intake assessment she discovered she wasn’t that far behind academically, and bolstered by this news and the compassionate, nonjudgmental welcome she received from LVMC staff, she enrolled in GED prep classes.\nEight months later Haydee passed the GED exams, obtained her High School Equivalency (HSE) Diploma, and boldly moved on to the next phase of her education pursuing a Medical Assistant certificate at Brookline College. Eager to explore all facets of patient care in her first health care position, Haydee plans to further her education, weaving knowledge and experience together to reach her dream position of Parent Advocate, while continuing to sit at the kitchen table with her young children modeling academic pursuits and a pure love of learning.\nCaitlyn Robards\nCaitlyn left high school without a diploma due to family issues, including the death of her father. He had been Caitlyn’s main source of support and encouragement, and without him she was lost. She left school weeks shortly after her junior year began. She worked in minimum wage jobs and lived paycheck to paycheck, struggling to provide for her son and daughter Caitlyn decided to make a major life change and enrolled at the Iosco RESA Adult Education program. As her skills increased, she gained the confidence to apply for more professional jobs and was hired at a local credit union. Caitlyn completed her high school diploma in the fall of 2019. She finished her final class the day after her late father’s birthday. Within a few weeks of earning her GED credential, she received a promotion. Caitlyn is better able to provide for her children, enjoys a higher standard of living, and is fully invested in helping her children succeed in school and in life.\nJosiah Lewis\nAfter earning his high school diploma through the GED exam, former GED Prep student Josiah Lewis knew he wanted to continue his education at Seminole State College of Florida. He decided to pursue an engineering career and is now thriving at the college level. Josiah developed a real passion for helping others and for connecting students with college resources. So he now serves as the president of the Student Government Association at our Altamonte Springs campus. Read More.\nMadison Jackson\nFall 2020 Adult High School graduate Madison hopes that by sharing her story she can inspire students who, like her, started going down the wrong path in the traditional high school environment. When she enrolled in our Adult High School program, she worked hard to stay focused, to keep on the right path and reach her goal of graduating as soon as possible. She took control of her life by making that initial appointment to talk with an advisor which helped her to start moving forward. She urges fellow students to “stay strong-minded.” To any students who struggle with a learning disability, Madison would like to encourage you that everything happens for a reason and to remember that keeping end goals in mind can be crucial in overcoming adversity. “Your sense of achievement is so much greater because you worked so hard for something,” she said. Madison expressed appreciation for her Adult High School teachers who “cared ten times more than any teacher in public school.” After graduating this semester, Madison plans to transition to college, study Early Childhood Development and work with children in a daycare setting.\nAmran Firin\nFollowing the dreams of her mother, Adult High School student Amran immigrated from Somalia to the USA at 12 years old to find a better life and a quality education. Years later, she is now realizing her goal of earning a high school diploma as she raises her own two daughters. Coming to Seminole State College of Florida was “the best decision I’ve ever made,” Amran declares. In the past she sometimes felt discouraged when others made her feel less for not having an education. “My biggest motivation of all was that I wanted to prove to myself that I could do it. Education makes me feel powerful.” Her advice to fellow students: “Sometimes what we plan and what God plans are not the same. But don’t listen to the voice telling you to drop out. Do not let go of education because it is your life.”\nTo help her persist through difficulty, Amran keeps a vision board in her house to remember what is most meaningful: her freedom, her dreams, her family. She also takes time to reflect on her past and how it inspires her future. Amran is motivated by the helplessness she felt when her mother fell ill but could not find quality medical care. Unfortunately, this kind of experience was common in her home country. “I never want to feel powerless again. I want to help somebody’s mother,” she proudly proclaims. After graduation, Amran plans to continue her education and attend medical school. She aims to partner with Doctors Without Borders, a humanitarian medical organization known for working in countries severely impacted by disease. Amran encourages people of all ages to consider going back to school to further their education: “Don’t hear the voice telling you your time has passed. Ignore it and go back to your dream of having complete freedom with your finances, bills, life – education is the way. Education is freedom!”\nAlberto Rolando Hernandez\nAlberto worked as a paralegal in Mexico City and came to the U.S. to pursue the American Dream. He knew he needed to learn English to succeed and enrolled in a Beginning Literacy class. As his language skills improved, he qualified for an employment preparation class and sought to become a technology instructor. Through this program and with family support he developed skills in time management, organizational strategies, and goal setting. Vocational Rehabilitation Services supported him in job development and accessing assistive techniques to help him succeed. Alberto plans to become a fully certified teacher for the visually impaired. For Alberto, persistence has been the driving force helping him to achieve his academic, personal and professional goals.\nShakita Boyd\nShakita always loved school as a child, but instability disrupted her education. She spent her childhood in foster care and group homes due to her mother’s drug addiction. Shakita knew how challenging life would be without her education and was determined not to repeat her mother’s mistakes. “Regardless of what I was told, regardless of what program had tried to convince me that I wasn’t smart enough, I would get my diploma,” Shakita recalls. She faced many setbacks and challenges and started and stopped different programs over the course of ten years. When the pandemic hit and the testing center closed, Shakita was crushed, and she considered giving up. Then, she learned about a program that offered virtual classes and would loan her the technology she needed to continue. Finally, in December 2020, Shakita earned her high school credential. Shakita is passionate about helping people who, like her, have been discouraged and told they can’t achieve their dreams. Her next step is to enroll in community college to study environmental science. She then plans to transfer to a state college to study political science. She dreams of one day becoming President.\nGudelia Contreras\nGudelia came to the United States almost 25 years ago. Earning her GED diploma in Spanish at Oregon Adult Basic Skills, and improving her English reading and writing skills, propelled her from the brutal work on the processing floor of a fish cannery to HR and QC responsibilities. Gudelia then began doing her own outreach work, tutoring students for the Spanish GED and teaching English-speaking volunteers basic Spanish so they could better communicate with students. Five years ago, she was hired by a nonprofit to provide health outreach to low-income clients. Her good work earned her a spot on the boards of Seaside Providence Foundation and the Clatsop Community College Foundation. In 2018, she earned an associate degree from Clatsop Community College, and is now enrolled full-time at Portland State University to pursue a bachelor’s degree in Spanish with a minor in Black Studies/Latin America. Her goal is to become a professor. Gudelia is a testament to literacy and adult education programs and how they empower students to take charge of their futures and their families and fully participate in our communities.\nSandra Zavala\nSandra journeyed to the U.S. from Peru to give her son a better life. She stepped into her classes determined to grow. Learning was not without challenges—she navigated the public transportation system to work three jobs while also attending school. In June 2017, Sandra earned her high school equivalency diploma with her son proudly in attendance. One year later she was hired as the English Language Learner Paraprofessional/Secretary at Wayne Township Adult Education. As Sandra welcomes new students, she talks about the challenges on the journey while emphasizing the rewards awaiting each person who remains dedicated to their dreams. “Sandra is a role model who inspires our staff, our students, and our community. She exudes confidence, optimism and her determination is impacting the lives of hundreds of new immigrants,” says Christy McIntyre-Gray of Wayne Township Adult Education.\nMarty Finsterbusch\nFor 20 years, Marty Finsterbusch has led VALUEUSA, an organization devoted to giving voice to adult learners and developing leadership opportunities. “Whether adult learners can read or write, or whether they have learning disabilities, they can lead,” Marty explains. His commitment to adult education started with his own experience as an adult learner in the 1980s when he sought help for a learning disability that made it difficult for him to use written text. VALUEUSA currently connects with 2,500 adult learners and organizations nationally. It initiated two major research/evaluation projects, one to evaluate learner leadership and its outcomes and the other to identify barriers to entering adult education and solutions to support adult participation. As National Coalition for Literacy president from 2012 to 2014 and organized quadrennial Congressional visits by learners, fostering literacy “champions” in Congress.\nSabrina LeVan\nSeven years ago, Sabrina–and her service dog Saddie–enrolled in the ASPIRE program to give learning another chance. Sabrina is an example of what it takes to find the tools and solutions to persevere in the face of adversity and embrace lifelong learning. She has grown her skills substantially and is well on her way to earning her high school equivalency diploma. Sabrina has balanced caring for three children, single motherhood, extensive surgeries, the transportation barriers inherent in Appalachia, and even homelessness, while pursing her educational goals. Once a reluctant learner, she is now referred to by her peers as “That really smart girl with the dog!” Sabrina hopes to pursue a postsecondary degree in animal science with an ultimate goal of training service dogs.\nCecilia DeLeon\nOutstanding Adult Learner 2020\nCecilia battled stomach cancer and raised two children on her own while pursuing her GED diploma at Whatcom Community College. She became an advocate for other victims of sexual assault while also serving members of her community as a translator and resource. She has truly demonstrated leadership while overcoming the most difficult of circumstances. When Cecilia sets her mind to something, it will get done and done well. Helpful, engaged and encouraging, Cecilia brings out the best in her fellow students.\nYang He\nYang moved to Minnesota from Beijing, China, in December 2015, with her husband and two young daughters, Keyu and Miranda. Yang and her husband wanted the girls to have more opportunities than they had growing up in China. Her first year in the U.S. was very difficult. Yang felt very lonely and was nervous to go out into the community because she didn’t feel confident speaking English. She especially worried about her daughters who had been bubbly and social in China but isolated here due to language and cultural barriers. Despite these hardships, with the help of St. Paul Public Schools, they have become more comfortable in their new home. Yang plans to enter Concordia University soon and get her teaching license so she can become an elementary teacher.\nKarmel Radan\nKarmel grew up in the foster care system and endured an abusive childhood. She taught herself to read and write with the only books in the house—the Bible and a set of encyclopedias. Despite having no formal schooling, Karmel earned her GED® diploma after a mere 10 months of study. She is now a 4.0 student in college and leader on campus with dreams of a career in medicine or business. “I want to help people who believe the negative about themselves and don’t see that they are unique and have many possibilities,” Karmel explains. “They are smart and they are capable—they just don’t know it yet.”\nDov Yaffe\nDov’s studies have created more stability and security for his family of five. While pursuing his GED diploma, Dov was co-enrolled in Austin Community College’s Ability to Benefit program and began taking college credit classes. He earned his diploma in December of 2018 and a Level 1 Certificate in Network Administration the following year. He is currently pursuing his associate degree and plans to continue his internship Housing Authority of the City of Austin. Dov has become a mentor to his peers. He donated time outside of class and provided students with equipment and encouragement to help them succeed in their studies.\nCHAMPIONS OF ADULT ED\nEMPLOYER SUCCESS\nMAP LOCATOR TOOL\nSOCIAL MEDIA ROOM\nSome 65,000+ adult education leaders stand united in a national campaign to educate America about the importance of Adult Education in advancing career and college readiness for millions of people. We urge policy makers to stay informed on our successes and to fund Adult Education at the $685 million level as called for in the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act enacted in 2014.\nNASDAE and COABE office\n444 North Capitol Street NW\nOffice: 888-44-COABE\nEmail: info@EducateandElevate.org","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1155710"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8336141705513,"wiki_prob":0.8336141705513,"text":"Three cities to host events for BPA’s National Paralympic Day\nA number of British Paralympic medallists will join National Paralympic Day celebrations in Brighton, Nottingham and Plymouth. 30 Jun 2015\nParalympic medallists Ben Quilter, Sophie Wells and Will Bayley\nⒸGetty Images\nBy British Paralympic Association\n“These events are a great way for people across the country to find out more about the sports that they’ll be watching in Rio in just over a year’s time.”\nParalympic medallists Sophie Wells, Will Bayley and Ben Quilter have called on the British public to show their support for the Paralympics by joining celebrations for National Paralympic Day in Nottingham, Brighton and Plymouth, Great Britain on Saturday 25 July.\nThe three cities will be inviting residents to head down to their local event where they can enjoy free interactive and fun activities from 10:00–17:00. Fans – young and old, disabled and non-disabled – are all encouraged to have a go and test their skills to learn more about some of the extraordinary talents of our Paralympic athletes, plus find out how they can get more active.\nAt Jubilee Square in Brighton, London 2012 Paralympic medallists Will Bayley and Ben Quilter will be on hand to meet and greet fans, while Q&A sessions will give people the chance to ask questions and pick up sporting tips from the top.\nQuilter, a London 2012 bronze medallist in judo who was born and raised in Brighton, was delighted to see National Paralympic Day heading to his hometown.\nHe said: “I’m really looking forward to National Paralympic Day in Brighton, it’s going to be a really fun day and there will be plenty of opportunities for people to come along to try out disability sport and find out more about the Paralympics.\n“It means so much to me that this is all happening in my home town, and I hope lots of people take a little bit of time out of their day to come along and join us.”\nTable tennis player and reigning world number one Will Bayley, who won silver and bronze at London 2012, added:\n“Anyone can get involved in National Paralympic Day, so I’d encourage people to come and join us at Jubilee Square in Brighton on July 25 to see what it’s all about.\n“The support from the British public since London 2012 has been incredible, and this is a really good way for people to feel part of it before the Games in Rio next year. I can’t wait to meet everyone who turns out to support National Paralympic Day, and to celebrate the day with them.”\nSophie Wells MBE, a multi-medallist in equestrian, will be attending the event at Smithy Row in Nottingham on July 25. She said:\n“Paralympic sport has so much to offer and I hope people will come along to get involved on National Paralympic Day. It’s a fun way to find out more about the different sports and understand some of the skills that British athletes have to master to go out there and compete with the world’s best.”\nTim Hollingsworth, CEO of the British Paralympic Association, was very pleased to announce the regional events.\nHe said: “I’m delighted that we are taking celebrations for National Paralympic Day to these three cities for the very first time, building on last year’s regional celebrations in Liverpool and Birmingham.\n“These events are a great way for people across the country to find out more about the sports that they’ll be watching in Rio in just over a year’s time. They can also enjoy meeting some of the athletes who made us so proud in those incredible days of sport that we witnessed during London 2012.”\nNational Paralympic Day is brought to Nottingham, Brighton and Plymouth with the support of Spirit of 2012, a trust established by the Big Lottery Fund to recreate the spirit that radiated from the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympics. Spirit is committed to funding partners who help challenge perceptions of disability.\nDebbie Lye, Spirit of 2012’s Chief Executive, said: “The spirit that radiated from the London 2012 Paralympic Games is a huge inspiration to us and all that we do. I’m delighted that people in Nottingham, Brighton and Plymouth will have the chance to experience it first-hand, meeting ParalympicsGB medallists and getting the chance to try their hand at the sports themselves. With only a year to go until Rio, I hope National Paralympic Day will reignite the passion sparked by our winning London 2012 ParalympicsGB Team.”\nIn addition to the three regional events taking place on 25 July, Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London will light up the following day as National Paralympic Day joins up with The Liberty Festival to showcase the finest talent in disability sport and arts.\nParalympic heroes Ellie Simmonds, Ollie Hynd and Jessica-Jane Applegate are among the star names set to compete in the London Aquatics Centre, while GB athletes will also be looking to impress in the IPC Athletics Grand Prix final, hosted alongside all of the action for National Paralympic Day in the former Olympic Stadium.\nLocal sports clubs across the country can also get involved in celebrations by hosting their own event, whether that be a come and try session, a cake sale, or a Paralympic quiz.\nFor more information about the National Paralympic Day, people are encouraged to log on to www.paralympics.org.uk/npd2015.\nSimmonds leads stellar cast of swimmers for National Paralympic Day\nGreat Britain women's wheelchair basketball team named\nBritish para-rowing coxed four set world best time","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1673210"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5155763030052185,"wiki_prob":0.5155763030052185,"text":"Stories from May 01st, 2013\nAfrica's Ancient Plant Diversity And Seed Independence Under Threat, Supposedly In The Name Of Progress\nfrom the it's-a-trick dept\nWed, May 1st 2013 11:46pm - Glyn Moody\nAs Africa continues to develop rapidly, Western countries and companies are increasingly interested in bringing it into existing international legal and commercial frameworks, but always on terms that maintain their dominance. One way of doing that is through intellectual monopolies: last year we wrote about proposals for a Pan-Africa Intellectual Property Organization (PAIPO), whose benefits for Africa seem dubious. Meanwhile, here’s another plan that is being presented as a vital part of Africa’s modernization process, and yet oddly enough seems to benefit giant Western companies most, as AllAfrica reports:\nthe proposal is to create a harmonised system of control around the presently fragmented African seed trade regime and create a system based on what is projected as modern best practice.\nThis includes uniform adherence to the strict 1991 Act of the International Union for the Protection of Plant Varieties (UPOV), across the board, for Africa. Because of the stringency of UPOV, the real impact of this will be the loss of control of the seed supply by indigenous small farmers. The consequences for food production and social cohesion across the continent will be dire.\nThe fear is that changes to how seeds are regulated will have major knock-on effects on African societies:\nOnce locally adapted seed varieties are lost, dependence on outside seed suppliers will rapidly become unaffordable. The implications will reverberate far beyond food production.\nIndebted farmers are at direct risk of losing land tenure. On the one hand this causes accelerating urbanisation and social dislocation. On the other, good agricultural land is appropriated by large conglomerates. There is already a massive thrust by nations and corporations to gain land tenure in fertile tropical African agricultural zones.\nIt’s well worth reading the rest of the article, which explores the continuing consolidation in the African seed industry, and how global giants like Monsanto hope to avoid some of the resistance they have experienced elsewhere in the developing world — for example, in Brazil, discussed in Techdirt last year. As the AllAfrica article concludes:\nIf there was ever a time for the vocal proponents for African unity and values to step forward, it is now. Should they fail, African leadership will be harshly judged for enabling the next phase of neo-colonialism to unfold unopposed.\nUnfortunately, given that PAIPO seems to be going ahead, despite major concerns about its lack of balance and transparency, the chances of the requisite African unity being achieved in order to stave off this latest attempt by the West to disadvantage the continent by locking it into inappropriate international structures look poor at the moment.\nFollow me @glynmoody on Twitter or identi.ca, and on Google+\nFiled Under: africa, paipo\nCompanies: monsanto\nBrazil's Marco Civil Not Dead Yet; Yahoo Voices Support\nfrom the not-google-this-time dept\nTechdirt has been following the story of Brazil’s innovative Marco Civil project, a civil-rights based framework for the Internet, for a while. Last time we wrote about it, it had been shelved following some aggressive work by lobbyists. As we noted then, it wasn’t clear whether it would be resuscitated or not, but here’s Kuek Yu-Chuang, Yahoo!’s Regional Public Policy Director, who seems to think it still stands a chance of being approved:\nI recently had the opportunity to travel to Brasilia with colleagues from Yahoo! representing our public policy, privacy, copyright, and communications teams. While in the Brazilian capital, we engaged with key officials to voice Yahoo!’s support for the Marco Civil da Internet (known as the Marco Civil), which some have described as Brazil’s “Constitution of the Internet.” The Marco Civil establishes the promotion of access to the internet as a right for all Brazilians. The draft bill also aims to provide safe harbors for Internet service providers, and allow free speech on the Internet.\nIn an impressive effort to incorporate the ideas of Brazilian citizens, the drafters of the Marco Civil made the initial version of the bill open to the public for comments in late 2009. More than 1100 contributions were received from around the country. The Marco Civil is now with the House of Deputies in the Brazilian Congress and a vote is expected in coming months.\nThat’s unexpectedly good news; it’s also great that Yahoo! is publicly supporting the Marco Civil in this way, since that may help to counterbalance renewed lobbying from other quarters when the vote in the Brazilian Congress takes place.\nThe fact that on this occasion it’s not Google trying to bolster moves to make the laws governing the Internet more balanced is important. That means the law’s opponents won’t be able to paint the Marco Civil bill as something largely for the benefit of Google, as has happened elsewhere. Let’s hope that Yahoo! continues speaking out on the issues of net neutrality, privacy and maybe copyright modernization: that would be good for burnishing the company’s image, and good for Internet users.\nFiled Under: brazil, marco civil\nDailyDirt: Advances In Wheelchair Technology\nWed, May 1st 2013 05:00pm - ITInnovation\nThere are nearly 6 million people in the US living with some form of paralysis. Despite some controversy, the FDR memorial has a statue of the president sitting in a wheelchair. Wheelchairs have been around for over a hundred years, but technology could improve how they work. Here are just a few examples.\nThe Tongue Drive System allows users to control their wheelchairs via tongue movements. This prototype requires a “clinical” tongue piercing and a dental retainer, so maybe a camera system would be a nice improvement. [url]\nTek RMD is a robotic mobilization device that might replace a wheelchair and give paraplegics the ability to move around upright. It’s not quite a powered exoskeleton, and it can’t do stairs, but it’s an interesting robotic alternative to a wheelchair (even though it costs a lot more). [url]\nA wheelchair from Kyoto University called the Permoveh has omnidirectional wheels, so it can move more freely and turn on a dime. The prototype has a top speed of 3.7 mph and costs over $36,000, but future models are expected to be cheaper. [url]\nFiled Under: omnidirectional wheels, paralysis, prototypes, tongue, ui, wheelchairs\nMainstream Press Waking Up To DOJ's Massive Overreaction To Minor Computer Hacks\nOverhype\nfrom the omg-it's-a-computer! dept\nWed, May 1st 2013 03:47pm - Mike Masnick\nWe’ve talked plenty about the government abusing the CFAA to pretend that some minor hacks were some giant criminal conspiracy, but now even the mainstream press is starting to recognize that an overactive Justice Department seems so freaked out by computers that it feels the need to use the CFAA over and over again against minor hacks. We’ve covered the various cases mentioned in the article in the past, but it’s good to see a paper such as the Washington Post call the administration out for its silly overreactions. It’s as if they see a computer and assume that something bad must be happening. At no point, when it comes to these cases, does the DOJ seem to step back and look at the actual seriousness of any of these cases.\nFiled Under: cfaa, doj, hacking\nCompanies: washington post\nNew Special 301 Report Shows Spain's Kowtowing Paid Off\nfrom the pat on the head dept\nWed, May 1st 2013 02:31pm - Leigh Beadon\nToday, the USTR released its 2013 Special 301 Report (pdf and embedded below), the notorious “watchlist” of foreign countries where intellectual property is supposedly in danger (which is in fact just a self-serving diplomatic pressure tool). Ukraine has been dubbed enemy number one, with Algeria, Argentina, Chile, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Russia, Thailand and Venezuela on the priority watchlist, so expect the diplomatic push for American-style IP laws to intensify in those countries.\nOne thing to note is the fact that Spain succeeded in staying off the list. As we recently noted, the Spanish government has essentially admitted that its recent copyright reform efforts were designed entirely to keep the country out of the 301 Report. Well, it looks like they got their wish, and all they had to do was sell out their country to US interests. Nobody will be able to say that they sit on a list of dirty thieves alongside backwards pirate nations like Canada and Finland, which brazenly ignore the kind US diplomats who surely have our best interests at heart. Congratulations, Spain!\nFiled Under: spain, special 301 report, ustr\nRead More\t31 Comments »\nHow Key Decisions In Copyright Cases Can Impact The Pace Of Technological Innovation\nfrom the don't-underestimate-the-importance dept\nNext month, I have a law review article coming out, specifically focused on how much innovation is held back and hindered when courts rule against new and innovative technologies based on the claim that they are infringing copyrights. This goes well beyond just the technology on trial itself, but many follow-on innovators who are held back or hindered in either designing their innovations or receiving investments for those same innovations. Markham Erickson, a telecom and internet lawyer, has written up a blog post that highlights this same point in looking at the recent ruling in the Aereo caes and how important the Cablevision case was in driving the innovation that led to Aereo, and to a variety of other investments in online services, and cloud computing in particular. First, Erickson notes that both the Cablevision and Aereo rulings helped create legal symmetry such that the length of a cable should not impact whether a technology is legal or not (i.e., a remote device is treated the same as a device in or on your home), and then he talks about the wider impact of that clarity:\nIn reaching this conclusion, the court placed utmost importance on certain technological designs such as the use of an individual antennae and copies unique to the individual. The court also made clear that Cablevision’s holding was not confined to particular, pre-approved technologies: “[W]e see no support in Cablevision or in this court’s subsequent decisions for the Plaintiff’s argument that Cablevision’s interpretation of the Transmit clause is confined to technologies similar to the VCR.” Aereo, 2013 WL at *11.\nThis rejection of a technology-specific reading of Cablevision should be heartening to cloud service providers. The reliance of cloud service providers on Cablevision is hard to overstate. After the Cablevision decision, the average quarterly investment in cloud computing in the United States increased by 41 percent. By one estimate, the certainty provided by Cablevision led to an additional incremental investment in US cloud computing firms of anywhere between $728 million and $1.3 billion in the 2 and 1/2 years following the decision. As the Second Circuit observed in Aereo, “many media and technology companies have relied onCablevision as an authoritative interpretation of the Transmit Clause. One example is cloud media services, which have proliferated in recent years.”\nAnd yet, he notes, this clarity and ability to invest and to innovate may be at risk. As we noted at the time, the stunning dissent in the Aereo case actually indicated that designing a system to be within the clear boundaries of the law as explained in the earlier case should be seen as intent to infringe. That’s a rather incredible interpretation when you think about it. Following the explicit nature of the law should be seen as trying to subvert it? Talk about a way to chill innovation. If that became the law, the chilling effects on innovation would be tremendous. Not only would innovators be fearful of creating new services that might be sued for infringement, they wouldn’t even know how to make sure their technologies were considered legal, due to a court system that explicitly argued that any attempt to obey the law may be seen as an attempt to subvert it!\nMeanwhile, other courts seem to be attacking these basic principles, which may result in more stifling of significant innovation and investment. We’ve avoided covering what’s now called either the “AereoKiller” or “BarryDriller” cases, because the service, which used to be known as FilmOn, seems much more focused on doing stupid promotional stunts, rather than something serious. His lawsuit against CBS, as well as changing the name of FilmOn to AereoKiller/BarryDriller, highlights the sort of focus that David seems to have. And, unfortunately, when you have someone more focused on publicity stunts and acting like a clown, rather than mounting a serious legal defense, you get bad rulings. AereoKiller is a somewhat similar service to Aereo, but may actually end up killing Aereo and a ton of other important innovations, not because it’s better/more innovative, but because it’s mounting a horrible defense on a similar issue, and has already lost at the district court. The impact on innovation could be huge. With a split decision and concerns about Aereo’s future success, investment in key innovations, including various cloud services, may be held back, while other countries continue to invest in such companies.\nIt’s incredible that we have a legal process, and a tool in today’s copyright law, that is being actively used to scare off key investment in new innovations at a time that we should be much more focused on innovation.\nFiled Under: markham erickson\nCompanies: aereo, cablevision\nNo Good Can Come Of Any Cybersecurity Bill Without A Clear Definition Of The Problem\nfrom the putting-the-cybercart-before-the-horse dept\nWed, May 1st 2013 11:56am - Leigh Beadon\nWith CISPA dead (mercifully) from a critical case of Senate disinterest, the conversation has inevitably turned to what the next cybersecurity bill should look like. Over at Wired, Julian Sanchez has laid out some guidelines for a cybersecurity bill that actually works, achieving the stated goals of CISPA without butchering civil liberties. His key point is that, according to CISPA’s authors, the bill’s sole purpose is to let companies and the government share technical data (or as Dutch Ruppersberger adorably called it last year, “formulas, Xs and Os, the virus code”) to help shore up network security and anticipate major attacks — and there’s no real reason that has to conflict with privacy at all.\nFew object to what technology companies and the government say they want to do in practice: pool data about the activity patterns of hacker-controlled “botnets,” or the digital signatures of new viruses and other malware. This information poses few risks to the privacy of ordinary users. Yet CISPA didn’t authorize only this kind of narrowly limited information sharing. Instead, it gave companies blanket immunity for feeding the government vaguely-defined “threat indicators” — anything from users’ online habits to the contents of private e-mails — creating a broad loophole in all federal and state privacy laws and even in private contracts and user agreements.\nThere’s no need to share [personally identifiable] data for security purposes anyway: Kevin Mandia, head of the cybersecurity firm Mandiant, insisted at a February hearing on CISPA that in 20 years in the industry, he had “never seen a package of threat intelligence that’s actionable” that included personally identifiable information.\nSanchez suggests some straightforward basic requirements for a cybersecurity bill that might actually get consensus from privacy watchdogs and the broader public: the removal of personal information before data reaches the government, a limited lifespan on the data (CISPA’s authors have stated that real-time information sharing to deal with immediate threats is the key point of the bill anyway), and the ability for companies to respect their contracts with customers. As written, CISPA would have exonerated service providers from keeping any promise they made to not share user data. Even a service provider that wanted to offer you the contractual certainty that they would protect your data would have been unable to do so.\nThe reason for that is a key piece of language that’s been drifting around CISPA since the beginning: “notwithstanding any other provision of law.” There are lots of bits and pieces to the bill, but that line is the exemption granted to companies that wish to share cyber threat information with the government, and it’s incredibly broad, allowing companies to ignore even the contracts they have with their customers.\nSo why is it there? That’s the question nobody seems to want to answer, and that’s the real issue with the whole push for cybersecurity legislation. Supposedly, according to the message that has accompanied CISPA and similar bills from the beginning, companies and the government are currently prevented from doing some harmless, common-sense information sharing to improve network security, because existing laws block such sharing. But… what laws? That has never been clear. Why does CISPA need to provide immunity “notwithstanding any other provision of law” rather than simply creating specific exceptions to the specific laws that are causing a problem? Why has nobody in Congress even been able to point out these problematic laws?\nPerhaps it’s not just one or two laws; perhaps it’s a whole cluttered legal framework that can’t easily be cleaned up and needs some broad, sweeping exceptions. But… nobody has made that case either. They just keep saying, non-specifically, “existing laws prevent it”. And yet we know that’s not true, at least to some degree: the FBI has had a system for sharing threat information back and forth with companies for 15 years. Why is that model not sufficient? Again, if there are reasons, nobody in Congress is offering them.\nI’d like to say Sanchez’s guidelines make an excellent starting point for cybersecurity legislation, but a starting point for legislation has to be a definition of the problem it’s trying to solve, and we still don’t have that. Nevertheless, they do serve as an excellent set of rules to hold Congress to if it is really so intent on barreling forward blindly. Cybersecurity grandstanders are likely to say that such restrictions would gut the legislation. Whether that’s ignorance, cognitive dissonance or a tacit admission of dishonesty I’m not sure, but the restrictions suggested by Sanchez, the EFF, the ACLU and others would do nothing to hinder CISPA’s stated and largely innocuous purpose — they would only interfere with the other much scarier potential uses that Congress insists aren’t going to happen.\nThe longer Congress offers only the vaguest of vague definitions of the problem it’s trying to solve, while at the same time seeming to betray even that vague definition with its response to suggested safeguards and restrictions, the harder it gets to afford them even one iota of trust on the subject of cybersecurity.\nFiled Under: cispa, cybersecurity\nIP Attorney Responds To Patent Application Rejection By Filing Ranting, Ad Hom 'Remarks'\nfrom the should-try-to-patent-a-scotch-that-isn't-also-a-whiskey dept\nWed, May 1st 2013 10:43am - Tim Cushing\nThere’s a lot of anger directed at the US Patent Office, but it mainly originates with people frustrated by the office’s “rubber stamp” approval process that has littered the road to success with hundreds of trolling speedbumps, each one waving a stack of overly broad patents and demanding that actual innovators hand over enough cash to cover the rent on their empty East Texas offices.\nPatently O has uncovered some anger directed at the USPTO, this time coming from the opposite direction. After a client’s application for a telescoping sprinkler was rejected for not being anything the patent office hadn’t seen before, patent attorney Andrew Schroeder fired off an apoplectic set of “remarks” to the patent examiner. It starts by suggesting the examiner has a drinking problem and then sinks even lower. Way lower.\nREMARKS: Are you drunk? No, seriously…are you drinking scotch and whiskey with a side of crack cocaine while you “examine” patent applications? (Heavy emphasis on the quotes.) Do you just mail merge rejection letters from your home? Is that what taxpayers are getting in exchange for your services? Have you even read the patent application? I’m curious. Because you either haven’t read the patent application or are… (I don’t want to say the “R” word) “Special.”\nAndrew Schroeder is too genteel to actually use the word “retarded,” but that doesn’t stop him from throwing around a bunch of synonymous phrases.\nSo, tell me something Corky…what would it take for a patent application to be approved? Do we have to write patent applications in crayon? Does a patent application have to come with some sort of pop-up book? Do you have to be a family member or some big law firm who incentivizes you with some other special deal? What does it take Corky?\nPerhaps you might want to take your job seriously and actually give a sh.t! What’s the point in having to deal with you Special Olympics rejects when we should just go straight to Appeals? While you idiots sit around in bathtubs farting and picking your noses, you should know that there are people out here who actually give a sh.t about their careers, their work, and their dreams.\nThe USPTO briefly posted these “remarks” before taking them down (and there’s more of this spectacular rant at Patently O). As for the patent in question (posted below), the patent reviewer found the tripod sprinkler wasn’t anything special, citing U.S. Patent No. 2,694,600, Patent No. 4,824,020 and Patent No. 5,484,154.\nApparently, attorney Andrew Schroeder sent another set of “remarks” to the examiner who rejected this patent application. Oddly enough, it was the same examiner who rejected the sprinkler: Alexander Valvis. This unlucky lightning rod/government employee lists seven patents in this rejection. These remarks have also been removed by the USPTO, somewhat limiting Schroeder’s infamy.\nClients hiring Schroeder to assist them in filing patent applications may be surprised to learn that “antagonizing the USPTO” is one of the bonus services the attorney provides. It’s certainly not included in the long list of services on his fee page. (It does, however, list an intriguing option called “Office Action,” which is available in 2 or 3-hour sessions [$500-$750].) Schroeder’s offerings cover a whole range of IP-related services, many of which are thoroughly “explained” by pages that appear to be still under construction. (Click on the “IP Piracy” page to watch a not-yet-uploaded video futilely attempt to buffer itself into existence and marvel as the attorney’s phone number [the only text on the page] tells you all you need to know about how “IP Law Stops IP Theft.”)\nAt the end of the day, it appears that patent examiners just can’t catch a break, especially if that patent examiner is Alexander Valvis, bane of Andrew Schroeder’s existence and destroyer of dreams.\nFiled Under: andrew schroeder, east texas, uspto\nCraigslist's Abuse Of Copyright And The CFAA To Attack Websites That Make Craigslist Better Is A Disgrace\nfrom the please stop this craig dept\nWed, May 1st 2013 09:29am - Mike Masnick\nCraigslist and Craig Newmark, specifically, have been very involved in being good corporate citizens on the internet. Craig was one of the key players in stopping SOPA, and has been involved in a number of other key internet activism campaigns, including the fight against CISPA. That’s part of the reason we were so surprised and disappointed last year to see Craigslist seek to abuse both copyright law and the CFAA to go after a couple of sites that added a layer of value on top of Craigslist. The key target seemed to be Padmapper, a site that combined data from Craigslist and other sources to make searches for real estate much more useful (adding maps and other data). Those results did not compete with Craigslist but layered more info on top, driving interested people right back to Craigslist. After Craigslist threatened Padmapper for scraping its site, Padmapper switched to using a third party, 3taps, which had figured out a way to get data from Craigslist, and Padmapper just used that instead.\nIn response, Craigslist sued them both (and another site that was using 3taps as well) making some highly questionable claims about how this was both copyright infringement and a CFAA violation because it violated its terms of service. The copyright claim seemed particularly bizarre, because Craigslist appeared to be claiming copyright on posts made by others, something that was obviously ridiculous. Making things even more farcical, Craigslist then tried to cover this up with a click through notice on the site telling visitors that when you post on Craigslist you’re granting an exclusive license to Craigslist — meaning you’re effectively giving it control over your copyright. After that raised significant backlash, including from the NY Times, Craigslist backed down on that one point.\nBut the lawsuit itself has continued and the judge recently ruled on the motions to dismiss the lawsuit from 3taps and Padmapper. The ruling is a mixed bag, but mostly bad. First we’ll start with the tiny “good” part, though: the court did dismiss the general copyright claims Craigslist was making over everyone’s posts on its site (outside that time period discussed above where Craigslist said it wanted an exclusive license).\nThe meaning of the phrase “You also expressly grant and\nassign to [Craigslist] all rights” was the subject of some debate at the hearing on these\nmotions, but the “all rights” language relates specifically to enforcement rights–not rights to\nthe content of the posts. The language assigning rights to the content did not use the phrase\n“all rights,” and did not specify that the rights granted were “exclusive.” Craigslist provides\nno authority for the proposition that an ambiguous grant of rights is presumptively exclusive,\nand the Court declines to read that term into the terms that Craigslist itself drafted\nBasically, it says that Craigslist’s regular terms of service didn’t grant Craigslist an exclusive license, which is necessary for a lawsuit over the copyrights.\nBut, in the long run, that’s a small victory. The court does say that Craigslist has a copyright in the “compilation,” claiming that adding geographic information is somehow creative.\nCraigslist has alleged that its “classified ad service is organized\nfirst by geographic area, and then by category of product or service,” with these categories\norganized in “a list designed and presented by craigslist.”… Construing the\nrelevant allegations in Craigslist’s favor at this early stage in the proceedings, the Court\nconcludes that Craigslist, in “deciding which categories to include and under what name,”\n… “display[ed] some minimal level of creativity,”\nIck. I have trouble seeing how that kind of activity raises to the level of creativity protected by copyright, so hopefully later in the process the court will reject this concept. Now, the next bad part of the ruling: the court says that Craigslist does actually have a valid copyright in the posts for those few short weeks when it had that clickthrough “reminding” people that it had the exclusive right. I still don’t see how this is possible, since an exclusive license is supposed to require a written confirmation, not clicking through on an oddly worded “reminder.” But, the court twisted some things around to say this is okay. I’ve read this over a few times and it still doesn’t make any sense.\nBasically, it says, as noted above, that Craigslist’s “regular” terms of use don’t grant the necessary exclusive license, but the combination of the terms that don’t grant an exclusive license with a “reminder” from Craigslist that it does grant an exclusive license, somehow makes the terms grant an exclusive license. I don’t see how that’s possible, especially as there’s no explicit or written agreement from the user to assign the exclusive license. Even though it was just written as a “confirmation,” the court says that “it is reasonable to infer that a Craigslist user would understand that this “confirmation” effected a transfer of rights.” But why? How could a statement that is written as if it reminds you of something actually be an official decision to transfer rights? Here’s what the reminder specifically said:\nClicking “Continue” confirms that craigslist is the exclusive licensee of this content, with the exclusive right to enforce copyrights against anyone copying, republishing, distributing or preparing derivative works without its consent.\nThat certainly sounds like a reminder of an existing situation and not an official agreement to transfer rights. But the court seems to think people will realize that clicking that single button is giving up entirely the rights to their own copyrights to Craigslist. That seems ripe for revisiting…\nThe impact of this — even if it only applies to posts from July 16, 2012 through August 8, 2012 — could be huge. As the EFF notes this could create serious problems:\nSo, if you posted a craigslist ad while this provision was live, you’re out of luck. craigslist’s ownership claims over user posts could potentially mean that the affected users can’t republish their ads on multiple services without risking a claim of infringement. And while not every craigslist post is going to go viral and have real value outside the original context (like the “Jesus Tap-Dancing Christ” car ad), users still need the right to post and repost their material in a variety of venues. Moreover, the exclusive license provision calls into question craigslist’s compatibility with common licensing schemes, like the Creative Commons ShareAlike license or the GNU Free Documentation License for the time that provision was valid. And, worse still: craigslist’s actions, and the court’s ruling, only increases the chance that other websites will start demanding ownership of the content you post there.\nSo, a tiny bit of good, but a lot bad on the copyright front.\nOn the CFAA front… it’s the same basic story. The court rejects the idea that merely accessing the website is a CFAA violation (thanks to the Nosal ruling). It rejects Craigslist’s claims that it was blocking access, rather than uses (which is the core of the Nosal ruling), noting correctly that within Craigslist’s terms, all of the restrictions are about uses.\nThe Court need not decide whether violating “restrictions on access to information”\ncontained in a website’s terms of use can ever support liability under the CFAA, because\nCraigslist’s TOU contain only “use” restrictions, not true “access” restrictions as the term is\nused in Nosal. Although the TOU include a section titled “Unauthorized Access and\nActivities,” parts of which are framed in terms of “access,” these restrictions depend entirely\non the accessor’s purpose. TOU at 6-7 (prohibiting, e.g., “access to or use of craigslist to\ndesign, develop, test, . . . or otherwise make available any program” that interacts with\nCraigslist).\nThat part is good. But… unfortunately, the CFAA claims stay alive on two counts. First, because Craigslist sent a cease and desist letter, the court says that violating that letter is unauthorized access. That seems extreme and ridiculous in the same way the argument that violating a terms of service violates the CFAA. The second issue is that Craigslist blocked the IP of 3taps… and 3taps (shocker) changed their IP. The court actually argues that changing your IP address when it was blocked is a violation of the CFAA. This is unfortunately similar to one of the arguments made against Aaron Swartz.\nAside from the TOU, however, Craigslist specifically denied authorization to use the\nwebsite “for any purposes” in its cease and desist letters, Kao Decl. Ex. A, and also used\ntechnological measures to block access from IP addresses associated with 3Taps, which Craigslist alleges that 3Taps bypassed by using different IP addresses and proxy servers to conceal its identity. Assuming that the CFAA encompasses information\ngenerally available to the public such as Craigslist’s website, Defendants’ continued use of Craigslist after the clear statements regarding authorization in the cease and desist letters and\nthe technological measures to block them constitutes unauthorized access under the statute.\nThe EFF points out how ridiculous both of these claims are. On the cease and desist:\nCease and Desist Letters Should Not Make Access to a Website Criminal\nThe CFAA is both a civil and a criminal statute. This is a civil case, but has criminal ramifications. While the court looked at the earlier Facebook v. Power Ventures case, it misread a key holding. There, the court recognized that imposing criminal liability based on the “receipt of a cease and desist letter would create a constitutionally untenable situation.” This would put too much power in the hands of private parties to decide what a crime would be.\nAnd on the IP address change, EFF points out how changing IP addresses is a common thing that happens all the time:\nChanging IP Addresses Is Not Hacking\nThe court’s ruling on IP address blocking is dangerous because it could criminalize innocent behavior.\n[….] There is nothing inherently improper, never mind unlawful, about switching IP addresses and thereby avoiding IP address blocking. Moreover, when a website is available without restriction to the public, a private party should not be able turn access into a crime to back up owner preferences or terms of service with the weight of criminal authority.\nGiven all that, there are very serious problems with this ruling, and the fact that Craigslist is driving such dangerous precedents is quite upsetting for a company that has been so involved and so at the forefront of helping fight back against such abuses of the law. Over at Freedom to Tinker, Steve Schultze asks Craigslist to dismiss the case with prejudice, and I second that call.\nIf Craig Newmark and Craigslist move forward with this lawsuit, which has the possibility of creating very dangerous precedents concerning both copyright law and the CFAA, it will do tremendous harm to Craigslist’s reputation and standing in the wider internet community. As Schultze notes, moving forward at this point, given the details in the latest ruling will just make Craig look petty and vindictive. I know Craig and he’s anything but vindictive and petty. Destroying his reputation and acting out just because a couple of sites tried to make Craigslist more useful? It just doesn’t make any sense at all. Hopefully Craig will realize this as well, and will call off his legal attack dogs, and think twice about future lawsuits of this nature.\nFiled Under: cfaa\nCompanies: 3taps, craigslist, padmapper\nChuck Schumer To Introduce Patent Reform Bill To Make It Cheaper To Fight Back Against Patent Trolls\nfrom the a step forward dept\nBack during the fight for the America Invents Act — the big patent reform effort from a couple years ago — Senator Chuck Schumer was able to add in an amendment that made it easier to get the USPTO to review business method patents. As we noted at the time, this amendment also effectively killed off some specific financial patents. This was a good step, though we wondered why it was limited just to business method patents. The general answer that we got back from those involved in the process was that this would be a “test bed.” That test bed is now known as Section 18 of the America Invents Act, which makes it easier for those sued to get the patent reviewed by the USPTO, and also makes it more likely that a court will put a lawsuit on hold while the USPTO reviews the patent. Given how often re-exams by the USPTO lead to claims being rejected, this process can certainly help dump some really bad patents before a defendant has to go through an incredibly pricey court case (and appeals and such).\nIt’s now being reported that Schumer is set to introduce a new bill that will expand Section 18 to cover technology patents, rather than just limiting it to business method patents (the more cynical among you will note the rapid growth of New York’s tech sector as a reason for this expansion). This is definitely a big step in the right direction. If something like this was also combined with the SHIELD Act, which shifts fees to the trolls for bogus patent lawsuits, it would really help limit some of the most egregious activities of trolls.\nThat said, this is only one step. There are some limitations and oddities within Section 18 which may have been necessary to get it into law, but which also limit the overall effectiveness of the bill against trolls. While we’re extremely encouraged that Congress and other parts of the federal government appear to finally be taking the issue of patent trolling seriously, there is still much more to be done. Thankfully, there are indications from a bunch of Senators and Representatives that they know this is a problem and they intend to do something to fix it. Kudos to Senator Schumer for jumping in with this fix, and we look forward to more efforts to fix our broken patent system and to limit innovation-hindering patent trolling.\nFiled Under: chuck schumer, patent reform","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1213676"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9773833751678467,"wiki_prob":0.9773833751678467,"text":"Big names, big stories: Details of Exit/In lore lost to time\nFriday, July 22, 2016, Vol. 40, No. 30\nBy Tim Ghianni\nAll who were there seem to agree that Steve Martin took his Exit/In audience down the street for burgers, though there is little agreement on which restaurant or whether burgers were purchased.\n-- Submitted\nSo, did you ever hear the story of Jimmy Buffett stepping through a small, open door, surprising the occupants, then successfully auditioning to play at a new club with a capacity of 90 people?\nHow about the one in which a young comic named Steve Martin led the crowd out the door and down the street and bought them hamburgers?\nWell, let’s get to Buffett first. First of all, he wasn’t there singing with wink-and-nudge abandon songs about slushy drinks, carnal adventures or pirates. He didn’t even wear a flowered shirt.\nIt’s a true story from the very start of Nashville’s Exit/In, 45 years ago.\nBuffett, looking like any typical Nashville songwriter (because that’s what he was), walked in the door off Elliston Place one day in the very early 1970s and smiled at the two 24-year-old dreamers – Brugh Reynolds and Owsley Manier – who were putting the finishing touches on their 90-seat nightclub.\n“Jimmy Buffett came in. We were kind of finishing the place up, the first incarnation,” says Manier, remembering that initial encounter with a guy who would later adopt the Parrothead-and-hung-over-pirate shtick that has made him untold millions.\nThe door of the old building onto Elliston Place was only opened for ventilation during the construction. Soon it would be sealed and the way in would be to go down a few stairs behind the building, using the exit to literally get in to hear music or nurse beers. Exit/In … get it?\n“He said he wanted to audition,” says Manier. “I told him to go ahead. Then we hired him.”\nThat was 1971, and Buffett became the first performer at the tiny “listening room” Reynolds and Manier had dreamed up, a place where the audience was “shushed” before “shushing” became cool.\n“We were very idealistic about it,” Manier adds. “We wanted people to remain silent. We made an announcement: ‘Refrain from talking,’ and we would throw people out if they wouldn’t be quiet.”\nIt was the birth of a tradition and a club that has evolved over the years from listening room roots to a storied rock barn reality.\nExit/In developed a reputation as a “must” stop for those early wandering troubadours: lovable losers, no-account boozers, honky-tonk heroes. And comics.\nThat’s where Steve Martin comes in … and leaves, taking the crowd with him for hamburgers, according to varied accounts of that incident.\nThere are many versions of this story, depending on who’s telling it. Current co-owner Chris Cobb has heard most of them.\n“In separate versions, some people say he took them to Friday’s (then a neighbor of the club). Other people say it was Krystal. I was talking to a guy two weeks ago who said he was there and it was Krystal. ‘I was there. He bought me a burger,’ the guy said.\n“I think what we know (for sure) is that he was there and he takes everyone somewhere that made some kind of burger,” Cobb says with a laugh.\nPerhaps then it’s best to just use Martin’s version from pages 164-165 of his book “Born Standing Up:’’\n“It (Exit/In) was a low-ceilinged box painted black inside, with two noisy smoke eaters hanging from the ceiling, to no avail. The dense secondhand smoke was being inhaled and exhaled, making it thirdhand and fourthhand smoke….\nThe room seated about two-hundred and fifty, and the place was oversold, riotous and packed tight, which verified a growing belief of mine about comedy: The more physically uncomfortable the crowd, the bigger the laughs…. (He began taking crowds outside to end the show and make room for the second set.)\n“One night at the Exit/In, I took the crowd down the street to a McDonald’s and ordered three hundred hamburgers to go, then quickly changed it to one bag of fries.’’\nSuch unexpected events became the norm for Martin’s crowd, and he began to realize that his comedy really had no boundaries:\n“Even though I had done the act hundreds of times, it became new to me this hot, muggy week in Nashville. The disparate elements I’d begun with ten years before had become unified; my road experience had made me tough as steel, and I had total command of my material. But most important, I felt really, really funny….’’\nMusician/nice guy Bill Lloyd is still sorry he missed that night, but he did see the wild-and-crazy legend-in-the-making at the club. “I wasn’t there the time he took everybody to Krystal’s. He acted like he was going to take us all out. Then he said ‘No, I did that last time.’”\nThere are many stories about the club. And then there are the half-truths and truths. But Buffett wasn’t the only young artist who got his first boost to stardom on Elliston Place.\nIt wasn’t that long after Buffett christened the place that “John Hiatt came in,” says Manier, remembering the sight of the skinny, 18-year-old with a guitar. And he kept coming in and performing even as the club made its transformation from small listening room to larger listening room (they added the building next door as an extension of the club in its first year) to a mini-arena-like place with more seats than bodies to fill them and then to the standing-room-only rock hall where acts like Jason & The Scorchers, R.E.M. and The Ramones would play.\nManier explains his original dream was initiated by visits to a similar club “called The Bottom of the Barrel, I think, in Underground Atlanta.”\nHe became a frequent visitor when he was on leave from Fort Benning where he was undergoing basic training for National Guard duty in the early 1970s.\n“It was this listening room in a little club. They had the early Allman Brothers, and mostly folk stuff. You could hear a pin drop, and I was really impressed by that.”\nSomething clicked inside Manier’s brain, and when he was back in Nashville, he met up with Reynolds at Bishop’s Pub. “I said ‘I saw this place in Atlanta. Why don’t we look at it? Why don’t we do it?’”\nThey did both. “We didn’t have any money. We both borrowed a little bit of money on our life insurance policies to buy it,” Manier adds.\n“Nothing like that had existed prior. We were seat-of-our-pants learners. It really was all about doing something cool. It was all about the music.\nJason Ringenberg of Jason and the Scorchers playing the Exit In in 1983.\n-- Submitted Photo By Alan Mayor\n“I don’t know how people started hearing about it. People talked, said it was a cool place to play.”\nNine months into its existence, the club expanded into a former H.G. Hill Grocery store next door, could seat about 200 people and the word continued to spread nationwide, through the music community.\n“We had a vision for a place with a stage where acts and small groups could play and have a venue for local talent of which we knew Nashville was full, and it wasn’t just county. In fact, we resisted anything that resembled a country act for the first couple years,” says Reynolds.\n“Back then there was no nightlife, no going out to hear music all the time like we have now. The only live music was in Printers’ Alley or on The Grand Ole Opry, two widely divergent experiences.”\n“We wanted people to behave like they would in a movie theater (in fact, they did host art house films when they had no music to offer.)\n“So we unwittingly became a cog in the music industry and learned that groups toured around clubs like this,” he adds, noting that the Exit/In – the funky little place where you came in the back and the acts dressed in an out-building to the rear of the property – became a major touring stop back when labels sent acts out on tour behind a new album.\n“Places you could compare it to were the Bottom Line in New York or what was that place in L.A.? The Troubadour,” Reynolds adds.\nThe eventual big-business growth of this club into what it is today – Nashville’s best-known rock hall – is chronicled elsewhere in this package of stories.\nBut Reynolds, Manier and Liz Thiels (who became a partner early on) created an indelible mark on Music City’s live scene and actually opened doors – both front doors and back doors – for a city that now has a seemingly endless number of listening rooms.\n“Our goal was to create an environment. … We were going to make the place so cool that they’d come even if a turtle was playing,” says Manier, laughing at that naivete.\n“But the reality was that we had some incredible people there, and no one was there [listening].” Crowds were slow catching on.\nThey began booking acts like B.B King, Odetta, Waylon Jennings. Heck, they even had Billy “The Piano Man” Joel play there for $1,500 back in the days when labels subsidized performers’ national tours to promote recently released albums. (That was when vinyl LPs were king, long before they became a collectible and sometimes pricey oddity in these compressed, digital years).\n“One thing that was interesting to me is that because in those days we played a lot of black artists, on any given night the place was 80 percent black people,” Manier explains, illustrating how inadvertently the Exit/In was breaking down societal barriers even while the dream materialized.\nThiels, now retired after a career in public relations and as an executive with the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, became in charge of publicity and carting the artists around town for radio interviews.\nThere were live broadcasts, WKDA did a rock night on Wednesday, and WPLN broadcast the Sunday night jazz – all fed to the stations via old-fashioned telephone lines.\nNot always were they successful, though.\n“The record labels and the artists were just thrilled to be broadcast, we never called for permissions,” Thiels says.\nThat caused one performance headache when Rahsaan Roland Kirk – multi-instrumental jazz player, best known for his tenor sax ­– came to perform. “He found out we were going to broadcast his show live (and he became angry) and he played a really short set and said ‘That’s all for a suck-ass rock station,” she recalls, with a laugh.\nWhile the owners were losing money, they were happy to see their club’s stature increase nationally.\nIn fact, Thiels illustrates that occasionally the glowing reputation – and high regard from national music magazines – sort of outpaced the reputation locally.\n“Dizzy Gillespie played there, and nobody came,” she says, awe and disappointment still flavoring her words all these decades later.\n“It was Dizzy Gillespie (the legendary jazz trumpet player), and we could not figure out why the jazz people didn’t come to see Dizzy Gillespie.\n“I asked a jazz guy ‘Why didn’t you come?’ And he told me he ‘didn’t think it would be him.’”\nStill none of those early owners has many regrets, and would do it again.\n“Outside of losing a bunch of money, sure,” notes Manier, when asked if he viewed the club as a success despite the fact the original owners piloted it into bankruptcy. “People love that place, and I can’t tell you how many people met their wives there … all of them.”\nThe national acclaim was not reflected in ticket sales. “We were struggling to survive. There were times when, as the owners… the wait staff and the bartenders would make more money than us.\n“Waitresses could make $200 or $250 a night, and that was a lot of money back then,” but he wouldn’t change it. “It was a place of magical musical happenings and the interaction between the musicians and the audience was energizing,” Manier says.\n“We didn’t go into it to make money,” says Reynolds. “Unfortunately that’s not a good way to go into a business venture, but we did what we wanted to do.\n“You had to be there to know what it was,” he says. “You had to be there.”\nOf course, the club had its ups and downs, but it did make it through its infancy to become what essentially was a cavernous concert hall, the perfect venue for rock bands.\nCurrent co-owner Cobb is proud of the club and its history.\n“I think it’s a very special place and a very special thing, and I think that, as a city and as a music community, Nashville is so fortunate to have the Exit/In,” he says.\n“I’m sure most of us take the Exit/In for granted. But it’s rare. There’s not a lot of places that have a 45-year-old rock club.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line252952"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9699257016181946,"wiki_prob":0.9699257016181946,"text":"Pvt. Albert P. Kourie, son of Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Kourie, 2002 W. Second street, now is stationed at Fort Sumner army air field, Fort Sumner, N.M.\nBruce D. Klas, son of Dr. and Mrs. J. M. Klas, 4619 Country club boulevard, was graduated recently from the operational supply course at the naval supply depot, Bayonne, N.J. He now will go to Harvard where he will be sworn in as a midshipman and start on four months additional training.\nClarence J. Heppe, chief pharmacist’s mate, has reported to San Pedro, Cal., for duty on a new destroyer, after completing a 16-day leave with his wife and family, 3326 Sixth avenue; his mother Mrs. Lydia B. Heppe, 3436 Sixth avenue, and other relatives. He entered the navy at the age of 17, retiring after four years service. As a member of the naval reserve his service record includes four additional years on the east coast. His new assignment will take him to the South Pacific area.\nSgt. Earl H. Seaton of the marine corps is spending a 30-day furlough with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. E. B. Seaton, Mitchellville, Ia., former Sioux City residents. Sgt. Seaton spent 27 months in the South Pacific. He was graduated from East high school and joined the marines in June, 1942.\nGeorge Rarick, aviation machinist’s mate second class, has departed after a visit with Mrs. Rarick’s mother, Mrs. Frances Rancipher, 210 Ross street, and his parents, Mr. and Mrs. George Rarick, 4403 Grant street. He is on duty at the fleet postoffice in San Francisco. He worked at the postoffice here before going into the navy.\nPvt. Harry L. Smith, son of Mr. and Mrs. Bert F. Smith, 3719 Indiana avenue, is spending a 20-day furlough with his parents. He has completed his training as a paratrooper at Fort Benning, Ga., and will return there at the end of his furlough.\nCpl. Leo L. Carroll is spending a 21-day furlough in the home of his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Lester Carroll, 109 Perry street, after serving 18 months in the Aleutian area. He has three brothers in the service.\nNaval Aviation Cadet LeRoy John Ronning, son of Mr. and Mrs. A.L. Ronning, 3217 Fifth avenue, has completed his primary training at the naval air station, Glenview, Ill., and has been transferred to Pensacola, Fla. He is a graduate of East high school and began his aviation training at the preflight school at St. Mary’s college, Cal.\nRobert L. Harling, seaman first class, has arrived at a base in the South Pacific, according to word received by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. R. L. Harling, 2715 S. Lemon street. He entered the Seabees in May, 1943.\nPfc. Wayne L. Skinner, 915 Pierce street, and Pfc. Earl F. Ely, 1623 Seventh street, are with the 713th railway operating battalion, which recently was commended by Lt. Gen. Jacob L. Devers, commander of the Sixth army group. Now in France, this battalion was the first unit of the military railway service to arrive on the Riviera beachhead in the southern France invasion.\nCpl. William H. Olson has completed training at the radar school at Boca Raton field, Fla., and is spending a furlough with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Victor Olson, 2923 Grandview boulevard. He will report to Salina, Kan., for assignment. Cpl. Olson’s twin brother, Pfc. Robert L. Olson, army air forces, is stationed on Galapagos islands, off the coast of Equador.\nOur Neighbors in Service\nHawarden, Iowa – T. Sgt. Max Miller, son of Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Miller of Hawarden, has arrived home from the Philippines, having received an honorable discharge on points. He flew to San Francisco from Manila in 40 hours. Sgt. Miller was in the army three years and seven months and served overseas for 41 months. During part of this time he was in Gen. MacArthur’s headquarters. The Hawarden youth has five combat stars and the presidential unit citation with an oak leaf cluster.\nHawarden, Iowa – Sgt. Richard L. Heeren, 19-year-old B-17 Flying Fortress waist gunner, has been awarded his fifth oak leaf cluster to the air medal for meritorious achievement while participating in Eighth air force attacks on vital targets and enemy held installations in Germany. Sgt. Heeren who entered the service in July, 1943, is the son of Mrs. J. C. Hendricks of Alcester, South Dakota.\nHawarden, Iowa -- M. Sgt. George Ross, son of Mr. and Mrs. A. Earl Ross of Hawarden, suffered a fractured skull recently in a truck accident in New Guinea. His parents have been informed that he is recovering rapidly and soon will be able to leave the hospital.\nHawarden, Iowa -- T. Sgt. Willard Madson, son of Dr. and Mrs. William E Madson of Hawarden, is reported to be in a hospital on Mindanao, seriously ill with malaria and complications.\nHawarden, Iowa -- Pvt. Arthur Coleman, son of Mr. and Mrs. Cecil Coleman of Hawarden is home on a 30-day furlough, having recently returned from Germany after 11 months service overseas. Pvt. Coleman, who saw action in several battles, expects to go to the Pacific at the end of his furlough.\nHawarden, Iowa – Cpl. Kenneth Ruby, who recently returned from Germany, is spending a furlough with his wife at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harold Shoemaker of Hawarden.\nCherokee, Iowa – Sgt. John Anderson of the marines and Robert Melton, seaman first class, who were Cherokee friends, met recently on Saipan in the Marianas. Anderson has been overseas for 19 months and Melton’s ship docked at the island, so the two were able to meet.\nCherokee, Iowa- Technician Fourth Grade Darrell Olsen, son of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Olsen, arrived home from northern Italy, making the trip as far as Miami, Florida by plane.\nCherokee, Iowa- Lt. Charles King, son of Mr. and Mrs. Perry King of Cherokee, was slightly wounded on Luzon June 22. His wife received a message from the war department giving this information, but no details. Lt. King has been in the south Pacific since February, 1945. Prior to that he was stationed in the European theater, where he was a prisoner in Italy. With the fall of Italy, he fled from an Italian prison camp and found his way back to the allied lines.\nCherokee, Iowa—Sgt. James H. Nielson, son of Mrs. Marie Nielson of Cherokee, was awarded a citation for exceptionally meritorious conduct. He served on the Fifth Army front in Italy with the 168th (Rainbow) infantry regiment. When his battalion’s ammunition supply became very critical during the tenacious defense of positions on a high mountain, Nielson and six others, volunteered to deliver vital supplies. Loaded down with ammunition, they traveled over a muddy, slippery trail constantly under fire to reach the troops on the mountain.\nCherokee, Iowa—Lt. Dale Curtis, glider pilot and copilot on a transport plane, is spending a leave with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Glenn Curtis, in Cherokee. Lt. Curtis recently returned to the States from Europe, where he was stationed for two years.\nLeMars, Iowa – Sgt. Mathew Mertes, former LeMars youth, was in LeMars this week as a guest in the S. H. Luken home. Sgt. Mertes has just returned from one and a half years duty overseas. He has been officially discharged from the service and at present is visiting his wife and family in Sioux City. He has been in service the last 12 years. Immediately following D-Day he was wounded in France and was then flown to a hospital in England where he was confined for 10 months for treatment of shrapnel wound in his hip.\nLeMars, Iowa – Lane VandeSteeg received a letter from his son, Sgt. Bill VandeSteeg which was written July 4 somewhere in the tropical Islands.\nHe has been in the Pacific area for the past 34 months and is looking forward to being sent back to the states soon. Sgt. VandeSteeg has been helping publish the Yank Magazine, a publication for service men.\nRodney, Iowa – Raymond E. Daniels, seaman first class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Daniels of Whiting, Iowa, recently underwent an appendectomy in an army hospital on an island in the South Pacific. He has now recovered and is back aboard his ship.\nDorothy Anne Comstock daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. B. Comstock, 2021 McDonald Street, has been promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. She is serving as a hospital dietician with the 197th general hospital in the European theater of operations.\nPfc. Herbert F. Marshall, grandson of Mr. and Mrs. Robert F. Marshall, 1811 W. Palmer Avenue, is now returning home from Europe with the Eighth infantry division which participated in the Normandy breakthrough, the capture of Brest, the fight in the Hurtgen Forest and crossing the Roer River to launch the drive that reached the Rhine. He has been in service since April 1944 and has served overseas for five months. He was awarded the combat infantry badge. Before entering service he was employed by the Chesterman Company.\nPpl. Tony J. Letellier, reported to be from Sioux City, has been awarded the combat infantryman’s badge for exemplary conduct in action against the Japs in the Philippine liberation campaign He was previously awarded the expert infantryman’s badge for service in Dutch New Guinea and is a veteran of three campaigns, having served in the drive through central Luzon which was climaxed by the capture of Baguio, the Eummer capitol of the Philippines. He entered service January 29, 1942 and after serving in the Hawaiian Islands and New Guinea, he has been in the Philippines since February.\nCpl. Michael Moravian reported to be from Sioux City was one of eight men who spent three weeks in catching up to their outfit after getting separated during the attack on Dassau.\nFirst Lt. Claude R. Wright, 2325 Douglas Street, is a member of the 219th field artillery battalion which held five battle stars, 98 individual awards and a nomination for the presidential unit citation. The group is now serving with the 15th army in Germany.\nPvt. Milton W. Gregg, whose wife lives at 1810 ½ E. Fifth Street, is an assistant automatic rifleman with the third battalion of the 239th regiment in Italy. This was the group which discovered a vast collection of priceless art treasures that had been taken by the Germans from all over Italy and hidden in a 15th Century Castle.\nCpl. Raymond E. Cook, son of Mr. and Mrs. Clarence R. Cook, 5702 Lorraine Road, recently spent a 30-day furlough with his parents. He has just returned from 16 months overseas duty in England and has now reported to a base in Alabama for further assignment.\nGilbert E. Tweet, gunner’s mate, second class and Wesley L. Tweet, gunner’s mate first class, both of 603 Eden Avenue, participated in the battle of Okinawa, they were on duty on the battleship U.S.S. New York.\nPvt. Einar N. Fuglemsmo, formerly stationed at Camp Hood, Texas, has reported to Fort Riley, Kansas, after spending 12 days with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. O. Fuglemsmo, 1218 Court Street.\nSgt. Chester J. Kudrle, whose wife, Helen, lives at 3108 McDonald Street, recently was awarded the Bronze Star medal for meritorious service in support of combat operations, while serving with the Fifth army in Italy.\nPvt. Doyle Stone, son of Mr. and Mrs. W. G Stone, 1113 Hill Avenue, has been enrolled in an A.A.F. airplane mechanics training course at Keesler field, Biloxi, Mississippi. His wife lives with his parents.\nT. Sgt. James R. McCue, son of James R. McCue, 1301 Seventh Street, has received a medical discharge from the army hospital at Camp Carlson, Colorado. He has been in the army three years and was wounded twice in Germany for which he received the Purple Heart with an Oak Leaf Cluster and the Bronze Star. He also has the European Theater of operations ribbon with three Battle Stars and the Combat Infantryman Badge.\nS. Sgt. Raymond A. Hequist, 1316 26th Street, is a member of the 1132d engineer combat group now in Germany aiding in the military government of that occupied country. The group now is a part of the 15th army, in charge of German patrol border areas, construction and repair of roads, bridges and airfields, establishment of water supply depots for independent units, prisoner’s war camps and displaced persons centers. The 1132d arrived in France in February this year.\nLt. Donald D. Thatcher, 1716 Nebraska Street, is with the United States army’s transportation corps in the channel base section in France. The corps moved more than 1,000,000 tons of cargo monthly by rail, barge and motor and thousands of troops daily in supplying needs of the 12th army group in its drive against the Germans. These men now are engaged in redeploying troops and supplies from Europe to the China-Burma-India and Pacific theaters as well as directing the return of civilian personnel, troops and repatriated allied military personnel from forward areas to their home station.\nMarine Cpl. R. E. Paul, who recently returned after 27 months overseas and his younger brother, Milford, apprentice seaman, who arrived Sunday evening after completing boot training at the Great Lakes naval training station, are visiting in the home of their parents, Mr. and Mrs. A. V. Paul, 4220 Central Avenue. A third brother, S. Sgt. Arthur Paul, is with the marines at Okinawa and a brother-in-law, Pvt. Leo Schmit, is a marine serving in the south Pacific.\nPvt. Joseph B. Roberts, son of Mr. and Mrs J. B. Roberts, 1311 W. 18th Street, has been graduated from a training school at Chanute field, Illinois.\nWhile attending that army air force training command school he received instruction in power plant mechanics.\nMarlin L. Clark, was graduated recently from a course in signalman training at service schools at the Great Lakes, Illinois, naval training school, his wife, Bonnie, lives at Waukegan, Illinois.\nPfc. Robert W. Wyant, whose wife, Mildred, lives at 107 W. Third Street, is being processed at Camp Atlanta in northeastern France, as a member of the first European theater of operations armored division to be ordered to the Pacific. Pfc. Wyant served with the 13th armored division, popularly known as the Black Cat Division in the battle of the Ruhr pocket and in the drive through Bavaria into Austria. He will be given a furlough before the division begins its training for action in the pacific.\nJack A. Krone, 4210 Perry Creek Road, has been promoted to technician fifth grade.\nJames Richard Coughlin, fireman first class, is stationed at the motor torpedo boat squadron training Center at Melville, R. I., training before joining a P.T. squadron. The Sioux Cityan, a graduate of Trinity High School and formerly employed by a construction company, attended basic engineering school at Great Lakes, Illinois and refrigeration school at Syracuse, New York. His wife, the former Dorothy Jane Knowles, and three children, Patrick, Michael and Timothy are living on Morningside Avenue. He is the son of Mr. and Mrs. J.J. Coughlin, 2805 Myrtle Street. A brother, William, is a signalman in the navy.\nSgt. Neyron R. Pomeroy, son of Mr. and Mrs Ray Pomeroy, 1226 W. Fifth Street, recently was awarded the bronze star medal for meritorious service in maintaining the efficiency and operation of the army vehicles in his organization. Sgt. Pomeroy, a member of Headquarters battery, 546th antiaircraft artillery battalion, was cited for the period from July 14, 1944 to May 8, 1945, during which time he served in France, Belgium and Germany. As an auto parts clerk, Sgt. Pomeroy’s principal duty was securing a proper supply of spare parts and units for the maintenance of motor vehicles and he had been commended for his efforts in establishing a steady flow of supplies essential to the proper functioning and care of the 123 vehicles in the battalion. Prior to entering the service he was employed by Neisner Bros. Inc., Rochester, New York.\nPfc. Lloyd H. Hoff, whose wife, Ann, lives at 813 Douglas Street, has been awarded the Bronze Star medal for heroic action during the Seventh army drive in the Vosges Mountains last January. Pfc. Hoff, a rifleman with the 110th infantry by volunteering to act as a letter-bearer over an uncharted enemy mine field. While the wounded were being evacuated from the mined area, one of the litter-bearers stepped on a mine, the explosion tearing off both of his feet. Pfc. Hoff rushed to the wounded man and after giving him first aid, carried him to safety. Returning and making several more trips across the mine field, he carried out wounded under intense enemy artillery fire.\nLt. Darwin Thorton, son of Mr. and Mrs. Ed Thornton, 1901 W. First Street assisted Capt. T.B. Schwartz of Forrest Hills, New York, in leading a small detachment of the 84th medical battalion detailed to supervise a hospital at Ecksberg, near Muldorf, Germany. The patients of the hospital are under American care and gradually are recovering from the effects of Nazi brutality.\nSgt. Dale Harter, whose wife resides at 2401 S. Cornelia Street, is serving as a radioman in the signal corps with the 10th army on Okinawa, it was learned here. His parents, Mr. and Mrs. L.D. Harter, live at Bell, California.\nPfc. Francis B. Heilman, son of Clarence Heilman, 206 S. Rustin Street, recently was awarded the Bronze Star medal for “heroic achievement in connection with military operations against the enemy in Germany” while serving with the 290th infantry there.\nCpl. John W. Forrester, 1017 S. Glass Street, is serving with a transportation division in Antiverp, Belgium, which is aiding in the redeploying of troops and supplies for the European theater\nM. Sgt. William P. Mahrt, whose wife, Elizabeth, lives at 206 14th street, was with special troops of the 339th “Polar Bear” regiment in the day it discovered many famous German political prisoners and immense caches of gold currency and art works in the Dolomite Alps in Italy.\nCapt. David I. Caldwell, whose wife resides at 2237 Jones Street, is a member of the 474th fighter group of the ninth air force which recently was awarded the presidential unit citation. Capt. Coldwell has been overseas since February, 1944 and in addition to the presidential citation wears four battle participation stars.\nPfc. Dean C. Sluyter, son of Mr. and Mrs. William H. Sluyter, 4214 ½ Van Buren Avenue, recently joined the Ninth air force’s 416th bombardment group in France as a technical supply clerk. He has been overseas since March of this years.\nPfc. Edward Zenkovich, son of Mrs. Marie Zenkovich, 2611 Dodge Street, is serving at present with a cannon company, 395th infantry regiment of the 99th infantry division with the Third army in Germany. His decoration include the combat infantry badge and the E.T.O. ribbon with three battle stars.\nLt. (j.g.) Gerold E. Bammerlin, whose wife lives at 1508 Pierce Street, has returned to this country after flying 50 combat patrols as the pilot of a navy search plane operated from a base in the south Atlantic. He is the son of Edward H. Bammerlin, Burton, Nebraska.\nWarrant Officer Roy Payne, 2609 Myrtle Street and Stephen A. Carter, Jr. aviation radioman first class, 512 27th Street, have returned to this country after a tour of duty with the navy’s fleet wing 11, which operated patrol planes from an Atlantic base.\nHarvey Stowers, 19, seaman first class, son of Mr. and Mrs. John P. Stowers, 1704 George Street, has completed basic training at the submarine school, New London, Conn. A graduate of the Moorhead, Minnesota high school, he will be assigned to the underseas fighters. He has been in the navy since graduation.\nLiberated prisoners of the Germans, PFC Lawrence E. Shoop, 720 Morgan Street, PFC Gilbert Wallenburg, Ireton, Iowa are now at the army ground and service force redistribution station in Hot Springs, Arkansas for reassignment. Both were home on 60-day furloughs after arriving in the States in May. PFC Shoop, combat infantryman who wears the distinguished unit badge, was a prisoner for 73 days after serving seven months in Belgium and Germany. PFC Wallenburg, a prisoner for ?6 months after his capture in North Africa, wears two Bronze Battle Stars.\nPFC. Henry J. Holdenreid, with the Sixth division of marines on Okinawa has been promoted to that rank, according to his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Holdenreid, 1501 South View terrace. A former pupil at Central High School, Pfc Holdenreid has been in the marines for more than a year and overseas for seven months. He recently was released from a hospital where he was treated for battle wounds.\nSgt. Michalsky, son of Mr. and Mrs. Joe Michalsky, 414 Lafayette Street, has been promoted to staff sergeant. His wife lives with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. L.E. Porter, 1615 Hamilton Street. S Sgt. Michalsky is a radio man with the Eighth air force and has been transferred from England to North Africa He has been overseas two years and has received a presidential citation and six service stars. S. Sgt. Michalsky has two brothers overseas, PFC Joe Michalsky with an infantry division in Italy and Tony Michalsky, gunner’s mate third class, in the south Pacific.\nMerle J. Burns, watertender third class, son of Mr. and Mrs. John J. Burns, 706 Morningside Avenue, served aboard the battle cruiser U.S.S. Guam during six months of combat from Okinawa on the fringes of Japan’s Island Sea. The Guam, the American version of the pocket battleship, cruised off Japanese shores for 61 days and during the Okinawa invasion she was a carrier escort\nSgt. Harlan L. Hoffman Jr., son of Mr. and Mrs. Harlan L. Hoffman of Omaha, has been awarded the combat infantryman badge. He was graduated from Central High School here in 1939.\nS. Sgt. Earl W. Lindgren, 1014 16th Street, was with the First Airborne Army Force which entered Berlin July 4 to assume control of the American sector there.\nS. Sgt. Phillip F. Jauron, son of Mrs. Alda R. Johnson, 720 Hornick Avenue has been awarded the Bronze Star. A member of the V corps in Czechoslovakia, S. Sgt Jauron was cited for meritorious service in military operations during the period from June 9, 1944, to May 8, 1945 in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany and Czechoslovakia. He served with the 648th medical clearing company.\nEmmett L. Keough, serving as assistant G-3 with the 11th armored division, has been promoted to major. He also has been awarded the Bronze Star for heroic conduct during the division’s attack from the Kyll River to the Rhine. Maj. Keough’s wife and daughter, Connie, reside at 2123 Pierce Street. His parents, Mr. and Mrs. Leo H. Keough, live at 2004 Grandview Boulevard.\nPvt. Gene Cook, son of Mr. and Mrs. C.C. Cook, Sergeant Bluff, has been graduated from the demolition school part of the parachute school, Fort Benning, Georgia.\nPfc. Albert D. Dallman, stationed in Prestwick, Scotland, with the European division of the transport command working in the servicing crew in the engineer action of operations, has been promoted to the rank of corporal. Cpl. Dallman, formerly employed by the navy as a truck driver, entered the service February 24, 1943 and was sent overseas after receiving basic training at a field in Texas. His mother is Mrs. J. J. Dallman of Sioux City and is wife, Margaret, lives at Prestwick.\nFranklin LeRoy Coon, 17, son of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Wilfred Coon, 12 W. Second Street, is receiving his naval indoctrination at the United States naval training Center, Great Lakes, Illinois.\nDave R. Nicklen, whose wife, Helen, lives at 721 Market Street, has been promoted to the rank of sergeant. He participated in the battle of central Europe with the 16th armored division.\nLt. (j.g.) James H. Alexander, Jr., and Lt (j.g.) George W. Brown, sons of Mrs. Pearl Alexander, 1619 W. Fifth Street and 182 other United States navy men who lost their lives while operating from a naval air station at Dunkeswell, England were honored by having their names permanently inscribed on a memorial dedicated at the air station by Fleet air wing 7.\nThomas E. Hanifan, ship-fitter third class, 2001 S. Newton Street and Joseph C. Orth, fireman first class, home address 2925 Beck Street are serving with a landing vehicle track repair unit at an advanced naval base on Saipan. Mrs. Orth and their daughter Sharon live with his mother at the Beck Street address. A brother, Glenn Orth, is a motor machinist’s mate in the navy\nCapt. Ray C. Beermann, former owner of a mortuary at South Sioux City who served as supply officer at Camp Somerset, a prisoner of war base at Westover, Maryland has been awarded a certificate of commendation for exceptionally meritorious performance beyond the call of duty, according to a communication from the camp. Capt. Beermann has been transferred to service command head-quarters and now is director of mortuary operations for the Third service command which includes Maryland, Pennsylvania and Virginia. He entered the army in October 1942 and after serving at posts in several states was assigned to Camp Somerset in June, 1944. He received his commission in 1935 and was a member of the officers reserve corps until called to active duty.\nRobert L. Beck, seaman first class, has arrived from the Great Lakes naval training station for a leave with his wife and son, Roger Lee, 1519 Helmer Street.\nM. Sgt. Richard H. Grubel, 3604 Fourth Avenue, soon will return to the United States with the veteran 459th bomb group, after serving in Italy with the 15th air force, according to an announcement from the commanding general. The veteran group will receive additional training and equipment before reassignment to the Pacific theater of war. During the 13 months service in Italy the 459th flew on 244 missions against strategic targets in German-held Europe.\nT. Sgt. Howard, whose wife resides at 2731 Prospect Street, is a member of the 142d infantry of the veteran 36th Texas division and recently was awarded the bronze arrowhead to wear on his European theater of operations ribbon. The award was for participation in the Salerno-Riviera invasion when he made the D-Day amphibious assault.\nPfc. Wayne L. Bocain, son of Mr. and Mrs. Leo Bocain, 223 South John Street is a member of the Second battalion, 143d infantry of the veteran 36th Texas division and has been awarded a bronze arrowhead to wear on his European theater of operations ribbon. It was awarded for participation in the Riviera invasion when he made the D-Day amphibious assault.\nTranscribed by Connie Swearingen, Mar 2019; updated Jul 2019","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1697463"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.524282693862915,"wiki_prob":0.524282693862915,"text":"No one likes jury duty. Well, some people probably do, but one hopes they are smart enough to keep it to themselves. At the same time, the right to a trial by jury is a great thing about the American justice system, and everyone should serve at least once and see how it all works. If you've ever been stuck in a back room arguing over the particulars of a case, you will never again wonder about some of the baffling verdicts passed down by civilian tribunals in high-profile trials. It's harder to armchair deliberate when you know how sentencing instructions and the literal wording of the law can affect the outcome of a seemingly open-and-shut debate.\nWhile juries I have served on have never been as articulate, or as heated, as the regular joes and uncommon men who populate the tiny room of 12 Angry Men, Reginald Rose's script captures the back-and-forth quibbling over legal minutia pretty well. Inspired by his own time on a jury, Rose first wrote 12 Angry Men as a teleplay broadcast live in 1955 (which is also included here), and then expanded the hour-long program into a full movie screenplay, which was directed by Sidney Lumet in 1957.\nThe movie begins after the trial is over. Outside of some short instructions from the judge and a lone shot of the accused, we have missed the proceedings. The camera travels the jury box, recording the faces of the jurors, before following them into a cramped room where they will be asked to stay until they can agree on a verdict. Most assume that the deliberation will be quick: the first vote is actually eleven for \"guilty.\" The lone hold-out is Juror #8 (Henry Fonda), whose mind isn't made up. Maybe the boy killed his father, maybe he didn't. Despite pressure from the others to bend, #8 stays true to his insistence that if they are going to send a 19-year-old kid to the electric chair, they should at least spend some time exploring the realms of reasonable doubt.\nSlowly, #8 works his way through the case. The testimony of the downstairs neighbor is questioned, then the uniqueness of the murder weapon, a switchblade knife. One by one, each juror is drawn into the discussion, and one by one they reveal something about who they are. #9 (Joseph Sweeney) is an observant old man, #5 (Jack Klugman) is from the same slums as the accused, and #11 (George Voskovic) is an immigrant who believes in America's sense of justice. On the stubborn side we have #3 (Lee J. Cobb), the father with an angry temper, and #4 (E.G. Marshall), the business man with the steady demeanor. There is also #7 (Jack Warden), who just wants to get out of there and go to a ballgame. And perhaps worst of all, the one that everyone else eventually turns against, is #10 (Ed Begley), a racist who believes the boy, who looked like he was maybe Puerto Rican, is a natural born liar, it's a byproduct of his skin color.\nAs the case disintegrates, personal feelings flare up, sides are taken, and threats are made. Rose has built a microcosm of American society, and also a sounding board for political ideas that were prudent to the American experience of the time. Civil rights, the vilification of unpopular or \"radical\" ideas, economic divides, the notion of might making right--these concepts are challenged just as the evidence is challenged. What would motivate a witness to lie? How much does an abused kid's background matter? What does it mean to be impartial and what constitutes reasonable doubt? For a locked room scenario, it's a surprisingly potent drama. Each man is given a rich background and each has an inner life. Nothing here is incidental. The writing is precise and dramatic and it's not afraid to be writing.\nFor his part, Sidney Lumet, who was transitioning out of television into this, his first feature film, keeps 12 Angry Men moving. Boris Kaufman's camera is agile and lively, moving through the room, capturing important expressions and gestures. The director and his cinematographer enact bold compositions, emphasizing the cramped space via contrasts of physical size. One man foregrounded may tower over the one in the background, but the power is often shifted: what the \"smaller\" man says weakens the \"bigger\" man. Live television had taught Lumet how to use a limited set to his advantage. If you think about it, it took TV to bridge the gap between stage and film, not just by putting together complicated one-time performances, but also by teaching a generation of new filmmakers to be economical and use confined spaces to their advantage. While the 1960s might have kicked down the walls of cinema and explored the open frontiers that new technologies allowed for, directors like Sidney Lumet and John Frankenheimer and others who first worked in l950s TV used restrictions to their advantage.\n12 Angry Men had a profound effect on legal procedurals to follow. The notion that a criminal trial could be the basis for exploring bigger ideas has been exploited in most recent memory by the legal dramas of David E. Kelley and the whole Law and Order franchise. Even if those shows did move the action back into the courtroom, they still owe something to what Reginald Rose and Sidney Lumet (and Frank Schaffner, who directed the 1955 broadcast) did here. The whole strata of society passes through the doors of any given justice building, and for true justice to hold sway, they all must be honored the same.\nFrank Schaffner's original 1955 broadcast version is thankfully included on this release, giving viewers a chance to witness the historic, Emmy-winning Studio One production. In some ways, this older version is somewhat superior. For one, the cast is not as well known, and having Robert Cummings (Hitchcock's Saboteur [review]) as Juror #8 instead of Henry Fonda makes the character more interesting. Fonda brings with him a certain moral authority, whereas Cummings' stuttering, unsure portrayal makes him less immediately convincing. Likewise, not showing the accused leaves that character up to our imagination, and a picture of him forms the more we learn. Lumet chose a scrawny, sympathetic looking kid that we make up our mind about right away. In general, the drama is more concise here. Having less time meant that Reginald Rose didn't have the opportunity to go off on as many personal tangents for each character, and one could argue that makes the dramaturgy less heavy handed. Both work for me, and I think in the spirit of this thing, we could make a case for either/or. (A 15-minute introduction by Ron Simon, from the Paley Centre for Media, adds further context.)\nMost exciting, as well, is the addition of another live television drama, this one pairing Reginald Rose with Sidney Lumet a year before 12 Angry Men. The teleplay Tragedy in a Temporary Town features another mob of men, but this one isn't brought together by the legal system. Rather, it's vigilantism. The show stars Lloyd Bridges and two men that would go on to work for Lumet in 12 Angry Men, Jack Warden and Edward Binns (Juror #6). Set in a worker's camp, the story revolves around a young girl getting grabbed and kissed in the darkness. Failing to listen to Bridges' protest, Warden forms a posse to hunt through the camp, dragging the traumatized girl around in hopes she'll find her attacker. They barge into every home, writing down the names of any male age fifteen and over, until they land on a suspect that they can accept. It's not about finding the right guy, but about venting their restless anger.\nRose touches on the idea of personal \"justice\" in 12 Angry Men. The workers here are like the jurors unleashed. If the men in the other film could have gotten out of the room and been allowed to do as they wished with the accused, they very well could have resorted to violence. Here the misguided actions of the lynch mob threatens the safety of the whole community rather than making it more secure. Ironically, the men in the posse are looking for a threat within, not realizing they are it. Bridges is forceful in the lead, though his moral equivocations don't quite match Warden's menacing bluster.\nPlease Note: The images used here are from promotional materials and are not taken from the Blu-ray edition under review.\nLabels: blu-ray, Frank Schaffner, sidney lumet","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line44880"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6817874908447266,"wiki_prob":0.6817874908447266,"text":"See more objects with the tag interior, domestic, communication, electronic, offices, black and white, contrast, coil, sleek, electronics, dials, rotation, handsets.\nThis was an Object of the Day.\nModel 500 Telephone\nThis is a telephone. It was designed by Henry Dreyfuss and manufactured by Western Electric Manufacturing Company and made for (as the client) Bell Telephone Laboratories and firm: Henry Dreyfuss Associates. It is dated Designed 1953, this example ca. 1980 and we acquired it in 2009. Its medium is molded plastic, metal, rubber. It is a part of the Product Design and Decorative Arts department.\nThe model 500 telephone was designed by American industrial designer, Henry Dreyfuss. Dreyfuss was among the first generation of American industrial design professionals. His career spanned nearly five decades and his designs ranged from the Big Ben alarm clock and Hoover vacuum cleaners to locomotives and airline interiors. What set Dreyfuss apart from many of his contemporaries was his interest in and contribution to the fields of ergonomics and anthropometrics (the study of human body measurements). His book, The Measure of Man (1960), featured two fictitious characters, Joe and Josephine, who represented the average-sized man and woman. The book contained detailed measurements of the human body on which designs could be based. Even before Dreyfuss began designing the model 500 telephone for Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL), a longstanding client, he pursued a five-point guideline for creating good design: safety and utility, maintenance, cost, quality, and appearance.\nDreyfuss began consulting for BTL in 1930. Working with the company’s engineers, he sought simplicity and unity of form in their telephone equipment. This resulted in the model 302 (1937), the first Dreyfuss design produced by BTL. The balanced form of the model 302’s black phenolic plastic body and handset was seen as a significant improvement over the heavier, larger, and more awkward telephones previously in use.\nAs demand for telephone service increased after World War II, BTL determined the need for a new design that would be comfortable, unobtrusive, attractive to a broad range of customers, more durable, and easier to service. After years of research and testing, the model 500 telephone made its debut in 1949. Dreyfuss’s care in designing a user-based object is evident in the changes he made to several features. He modified the angular body into a softer sculptural form in a lighter, more durable plastic. Unlike the 302’s numbers and letters, which were on the porcelain-coated dial directly under the finger holes, the model 500 placed the numbers and letters in a ring outside the finger wheel; this increased legibility and led to fewer misdials. The new handset, known as the model G, was flatter than its predecessor, making it more comfortable to hold and allowing it to be cradled against the user’s shoulder, freeing the hands. This handset design is still used on pay phones as of 2009.\nIn 1953, BTL and Dreyfuss updated the model 500, producing it in several colors and replacing the black metal finger wheel with a lighter, clear plastic version that could complement a phone of any color. The 1953 model also did away with the long straight cord, replacing it with a coiled one—a feature used until the advent of the cordless phone. Deeming the model 500 a success by the mid-1950s, BTL added a wall-mounted variant to the series and, in 1963, introduced a touch-tone version. The model 500 became the standard desk-style phone in the United States, with over 93 million units produced for use in offices and homes between 1949 and the divestiture of AT&T (the Bell System) in 1984.\nDreyfuss was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1904. By 1923, he was apprenticing with Norman Bel Geddes, a theatrical designer and one of the founders of the newly-established field of industrial design. Dreyfuss soon became a consultant for Macy’s Department Store where he not only designed displays but showed a desire to collaborate with manufacturers on the design of their goods. In 1929, he opened his own office in New York; he later opened a second office in Pasadena, California. In 1965, he was elected the first president of the Industrial Design Society of America.\nCooper-Hewitt is the steward of the Dreyfuss archive. The model 500 is an important design in Dreyfuss’s prodigious output for its significance in American postwar industrial design. The museum also holds other examples of Dreyfuss’s telephone designs, including the model 302, the Princess (1959), and the Trimline (1965).\nThis object was featured in our Object of the Week series in a post titled Model 500 Telephone, Henry Dreyfuss.\nIt is credited Transfer from Exhibitions Department.\nRolodex Open Rotary Card File\nbent tubular metal, molded plastic, rubber, paper.\nGift of Rolodex Corporation.\nT-86 Round Thermostat\nmetal, molded plastic.\nGift of Honeywell Inc..\nPanton Stacking Side Chair\ninjection molded luran s thermoplastic.\nGift of Robert Blaich.\nOur curators have highlighted 11 objects that are related to this one. Here are three of them, selected at random:\n#426 Child's Chair\nbent enameled steel, woven wool upholstery.\nGift of Mel Byars.\nQwip 1200 Facsimile Transceiver And Acoustic Coupler\nmolded plastic, cast metal, foam, electronic components.\nGift of William W. Moore, II.\n1994-56-1-a/c\nPredicta Television\nmetal, glass, molded plastic.\nGift of Jan Staller in honor of Max Staller.\nH x W x D (not including cord): 12.3 x 21 x 22.7 cm (4 13/16 x 8 1/4 x 8 15/16 in.)\nIt has the following markings\nMolded in body under cradle, rear: in oval: \"BELL SYSTEM / MADE BY / Western Electric\"'; On underside of metal base plate: White paper label with \"500DM / 12-80\" printed in red. Off-white paper label with \"Property Of New York Tel. Co. / NOT FOR SALE\" printed in blue.\nModel 500 Telephone; Designed by Henry Dreyfuss (American, 1904–1972); USA; molded plastic, metal, rubber; H x W x D (not including cord): 12.3 x 21 x 22.7 cm (4 13/16 x 8 1/4 x 8 15/16 in.); Transfer from Exhibitions Department; 2009-50-1-a/c\nThis object was previously on display as a part of the exhibitions\tBob Greenberg Selects and Pixar: The Design of Story.\nShort URL http://cprhw.tt/o/2E1AD/\nAccession Number 2009-50-1-a/c\n<ref name=CH>{{cite web |url=https://www-4.collection.cooperhewitt.org/objects/18732761/ |title=Model 500 Telephone |author=Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum |accessdate=16 January 2022 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution}}</ref>","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line86669"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6559733152389526,"wiki_prob":0.34402668476104736,"text":"Château d'Aulnois\nChâteau d'Aulnois Photo - François BERNARDIN - Wikipedia - lic. under CC BY-SA 3.0\nLocation: Aulnois-sur-Seille, in the Moselle departement of France (Lorraine Region).\nNotes: Château d'Aulnois date of the eighteenth century and overlooks the Seille, in the heart of the village of Aulnois-sur-Seille. It is the subject of a classification as historical monuments since May 1963 and a registration in September 2013.Initially, this dependence of the Metz diocese was a medieval stronghold. It is found at the back of the castle, the towers of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries integrated into the castle rebuilt in the classical style.The task of rebuilding the castle in the eighteenth century, the architect Boffrand decides to use the natural terrace on the Seille that constitutes the site. The facade is designed in 1726. On that date the count of Armoises governor ducal children and owner of the castle, is created \"Marquis Aunoy\" by Duke Leopold, Duke of Lorraine. Subsequently, the castle is undergoing major damage during the First World War but will gradually rebuilt from 1920 and historical monument in 1926. In 1934, the Marist brothers bought the castle and installed a school and a boarding school. During World War II, it was occupied by the Hitler Youth and suffered further damage during the fighting of the Liberation. From 1946 to 1979, various campaigns work partially restore the castle was then abandoned. In 1993, the SIVOM between Seille and Nied castle gate to rehabilitate the buyer, with the support of Europe, the State and the General Council of Moselle (cost of rehabilitation: € 2,686,000). In 1999 came the first school year in the castle whose owner and manager is SIVU the Seille valley of nine rural communes. It now houses a public elementary school, called the school Armoises, more than 150 students and an association (rural home of Armoises) that manages the after-school and canteen on site and it offers numerous cultural and sports activities as well as various events.\nChâteau d'Aulnois Links:\nChâteau d'Aulnois On Wikipedia","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1790820"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9582030177116394,"wiki_prob":0.9582030177116394,"text":"LA County Redistricting: Map debate takes an…\nLA County Redistricting: Map debate takes an 11th-hour turn for San Fernando Valley\nBut what redistricting map works for the San Fernando Valley doesn't work for Pomona. And coastal communities are ramping up the noise.\nBy Ryan Carter | rcarter@scng.com | Daily News\nPUBLISHED: December 4, 2021 at 8:17 a.m. | UPDATED: December 4, 2021 at 8:18 a.m.\nSan Fernando Valley residents found new hope this week that their collective voices could be better heard at the county level after a new map emerged that would redraw political boundaries to keep the Valley “united” and potentially represented by a single supervisor grounded in the area.\nBut the proposal — arising in the waning weeks of the county’s marathon redistricting process — runs counter to hopes elsewhere across the vast region, in such places as Pomona.\nThe 14-member redistricting commission has not yet settled on a final map that would redraw political power for the next 10 years. But as it nears a Dec. 15 deadline, the angst is building as the potential winners and losers of the process speak louder on their preferences.\nL.A. City Councilman Paul Krekorian, who represents a swath of neighborhoods in the San Fernando Valley — himself fresh off a contentious redistricting of his own City Council — made a plea for a new proposed county-level map dubbed Map 78.\n“The Valley has for the last century had a distinctive identity, and today we have distinctive issues around public transportation planning, air quality, water quality, public health, housing — all issues that the Valley as a whole has common interests in, and yet we don’t have any guarantee that a resident of the Valley, despite having 2 million people living here, will have a representative on the Board of Supervisors or on the Metro board,” he said.\nProposed Map 78\nFor weeks, a sprinkling of San Fernando Valley advocates had been lobbying for at least baseline representation on a map they’d assumed would split the Valley.\nSome had all but given up, given the direction the commission appeared to be headed. The panel was even contemplating breaking off Sylmar into District 5, a prospect that concerned local residents because the community identifies itself with other northeast Valley communities currently in District 3.\nBut the new proposal keeps the Valley “whole,” essentially carving it out on its own district, roughly spanning from Calabasas and Malibu on its most western and southwestern flank to Burbank and Glendale in the east.\nCouncilmember Paul Krekorian (File photo by Hans Gutknecht, Los Angeles Daily News/SCNG)\nKrekorian was joined by a chorus of supporters for the new map — which would greatly increase the chances of a supervisor on the board being from the Valley.\nThe distinctions about where communities are on the final map are important for many communities in L.A. County. For years they have built up cultural, socioeconomic and political bonds with neighboring communities in the political battle for resources and services.\nIf Sylmar, for instance, went to District 5, rather than District 3 under a new map, local advocates and residents worry they would have to forge new bonds with a new supervisor.\nThe same kind of concern has sparked huge public input from Southeast L.A. and East L.A. residents, as well as those from the San Gabriel Valley, where in such places as Pomona, city officials and residents want to ensure the city is not lumped into a district it has no identification with.\nA redrawing map might work great for one community, but not as well for another in terms of voting power.\n“Map 78 might be good for the San Fernando Valley, but it screws Pomona,” said Henry Fung, a mapmaker who designed the original map F.\nUnder 78, for instance, Pomona would be moved into District 5, the county’s northernmost district, currently represented by Supervisor Kathryn Barger. But that’s exactly what many of its residents and leaders don’t want. They want to be in District 1, joined with other similar communities of interest that hug the 605 and 60 freeways, and which share common identities, resources and often pool together to fight together in the same political battles.\nMoreover, it could change the political dynamic for Barger herself.\nAnd therein lies the rub for the commission — which is required by law to make sure that roughly 2 million people populate each of the five supervisorial districts under a new map, as well as accounting for shifts in population growth, and ensuring that traditionally disenfranchised populations have a fair chance to elect a leader of their choosing. Moreover, this is the first time in the county’s history in which a citizens commission has done the redrawing — taking it out of the hands of members of the Board of Supervisors themselves.\nOn Wednesday night, during a mammoth public comment period, residents, elected leaders, non-profit leaders from the San Fernando Valley, East, South and Southeast L.A., the San Gabriel Valley and the South Bay all voiced distinct visions for what they say is the best version of what the redistricting map should look like in a region of 10 million plus.\nBut after four hours of public comment, the future was cloudy as the new proposal emerged, bolstering hopes of San Fernando Valley residents in gaining more political force. Supporters say the map also assuages concerns of other areas in the county, where concern was emerging about votes being diluted and communities split across districts.\nBut other proposed maps are on the table.\nAt issue for days have been three maps — and their offshoots. But the question of how various communities of interest in the county can achieve the most voting and political force has become intertwined with a conversation about race, the history of redlining in the county, and concerns about exclusion and inclusion of ethnic and socioeconomic attributes of populations based on shared historic, political, geographic and socioeconomic identities.\nAt the front of the table, the commission is considering a map that would join Southeast L.A. communities with South L.A. (Map B-2), another that would join Rancho Palos Verdes with Panorama City (Map F-1) and another that would stretch a historically Black district to the coast (Map G).\nMap G\nOn Wednesday night there was continued robust support from the San Gabriel Valley for a derivation of Fung’s map — F-1 — which would keep Pomona in District 1, currently held by Supervisor Hilda Solis.\nResidents and leaders in the Gateway City area showed support for Map G, also an offshoot of F. In both maps, communities such as Vernon, Huntington Park, Maywood South Gate and Downey are all kept together and two Latino-voting majority districts would be created, though for many the devils were in the details. F-1 also appeared to garner support — with requests for some tweaking — that would keep Asian-American and Black communities whole.\nMonique Bacon, a community member and also a member of The Coalition of 100 Black Women/Los Angeles Chapter, said during public comment that the proposal “keeps our African American communities together, providing us with a real voice to be able to elect a supervisor that will work in our best interest.”\nMap F-1\nMany have been wary of Map G, which stretches District 2 to coastal cities, a point that has raised concern among critics in a community that the district’s traditionally African-American voting force could be diluted with the force of Whiter coastal areas, including communities within the Rancho Palos Verdes Peninsula.\nBacon said if the commission went with G, she’d want to be assured that the city of Carson and Cal State Dominguez Hills are included in that district.\nThe proposed stretch of District 2 was made with the intent of acknowledging the legacy of 20th-century red-lining and racially restrictive covenants that for decades kept African-Americans from living closer to the coast — in effect, helping to shape the political dynamics of the current District 2, which includes Inglewood, Athens, Hawthorne, Culver City and Ladera Heights.\nEileen Hupp, president and CEO of the Palos Verdes Peninsula Chamber of Commerce, a longtime resident of the area, applauded B-2 because it kept seaside communities on the peninsula and others hugging the coast — including Redondo Beach, Manhattan Beach, Long Beach and Torrance — squarely in District 4.\n“It is extremely important to keep the Palos Verdes Peninsula aligned with the San Pedro community. Our history, our economy, our community organizations are inextricably linked and center on the fact that both the San Pedro community, and the Palos Verdes community are harbor communities. The impact of the ports is part of our development. Our communities have grown up together over 100-plus years,” she said.\nWho will represent you on the LA County Board of Supervisors? With new maps, answer getting closer\nQ&A: LA County redistricting is out of the hands of the supervisors. Here’s why that matters\nRedistricting: Panel pushes LA County boundaries closer to final map; some bemoan missing voices\nBut it was the same argument from just about every region of the county — that splitting communities long bonded together with shared identities would hurt them — from Southeast L.A.’s “SELA” neighborhoods to Thai Town, Koreatown and Little Tokyo to East L.A to Sylmar.\nCommissioners acknowledged that whatever the final outcome, not all will be pleased.\nWhat seems apparent is that there will be at least two Latino voting majority districts, based on the growth of that population reflected in Census 2020. The commission appears to want to look more closely at F-1, G and the new map, 78. Commission Co-Chair Carolyn Williams appeared to hint at a push to drop the B map from consideration, but it didn’t happen.\nThe commission next meets for a special meeting at 3 p.m. Sunday, Dec. 5, with the next public hearing at 6:30 p.m. Tuesday, Dec. 7.\nYou can find all proposed maps at https://redistricting-lacounty.hub.arcgis.com/.\nMeetings are posted at https://redistricting.lacounty.gov/.\nLA County Board of Supervisors\nRyan Carter | Reporter\nRyan Carter, a reporter and editor, is part of team covering COVID-19 in L.A. County and lead election and politics coverage in L.A. County.Ryan started his career writing obituaries at the Glendale News-Press, before working as assistant city editor for Times Community News (Division of the L.A. Times) and city editorfor the Glendale News-Press, San Bernardino Sun and L.A. Daily News. Ryan earned a BA degree in Political Science from UCLA and is working toward his Master's of Legal Studies at UCLA.\nrcarter@scng.com\nFollow Ryan Carter\t@ryinIE","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line106538"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7262536883354187,"wiki_prob":0.2737463116645813,"text":"Joint Publications Research Service (JPRS) Reports\nJoint Publications Research Service (JPRS) Reports is a collection of documents produced by JPRS, a unit of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), from 1957 – 1995. It contains English-language translations of foreign-language monographs, reports, journal and newspaper articles, and radio and television broadcasts from regions throughout the world with an emphasis on communist and developing countries. JPRS staffers prepared these translations for the use of U.S. government officials, various agencies, and the research and industrial communities. Reports cover socioeconomic, political, environmental, scientific, technical, and military issues and events.\nJPRS was established in March 1957 as part of the United States Department of Commerce's Office of Technical Services. Initially, the reports were primarily translations rather than analysis or commentary, with an emphasis on scientific and technical topics. Over time, that scope expanded to cover environmental concerns, world health issues, nuclear proliferation, economics, narcotics trafficking, and much more.\n1957-1995; some reports include translations of pre-1957 material.\nHistory: Global\nNewsBank","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1851524"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6990162134170532,"wiki_prob":0.6990162134170532,"text":"Kid Nichols\nCharles Augustus \"Kid\" Nichols (September 14, 1869 – April 11, 1953) was a Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who played for the Boston Beaneaters, St. Louis Cardinals and Philadelphia Phillies from 1890 to 1906. A switch hitter who threw right-handed, he was listed at 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) and 175 pounds (79 kg). He is a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.\nNichols played minor league baseball for three teams until September 1889, when he signed for the Boston Beaneaters. After making his debut the following season and spending twelve seasons with the Beaneaters, Nichols spent a two-year sojourn in the minor leagues. He was dealt to the St. Louis Cardinals in 1904 and subsequently played for the Philadelphia Phillies, with whom he played his final game on May 18, 1906. He is most famous for being the youngest pitcher to join the 300 win club.\nNichols was born on September 14, 1869 in Madison, Wisconsin. His parents were Robert and Christina Nichols. His father had worked as a butcher and owned a grocery store with several locations in Madison. Robert had at least four children from a prior marriage to a woman named Sarah, who died of tuberculosis in 1859. Robert and Christina had several children together. Nichols's four-year-old sister Fannie died several years before Nichols was born; she accidentally set herself on fire while playing with matches.\nThis page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -\thttps://wn.com/Kid_Nichols\nBaseball HP 0828: Kid Nichols\nsource: Baseball History Podcast\nEp. 147 – The Comedy Spot Kid with Dane Nichols\nsource: Gag On This...Podcast\n3 Things you should Never Do with Kids! with Heather Nichols\nsource: Questionable Conversations\nQuestionable Conversations ~ Dr. Glenna Rice MPT: 3 Things you should Never Do with Kids! with Heather Nichols\nRural Route Radio Oct 15, 2020 We Sow We Grow Natasha Nicholes is back describing that is about raising kids not just our food\nsource: Trent Loos Podcast\nNichole Bloom\nsource: The JV Club with Janet Varney\nsource: Harper Audio Presents\nNick Nichols\nsource: Playing Above The Line\nAlex Nicholls\nsource: It's All Cobblers To Me\nNichole Michelson\nsource: What Problem Do You Solve?\nJohn Nicholl\nsource: Little Miss Morfett Chats to Authors\nNichole Schoonover\nsource: Start Here Coaching Services Podcast\nGary Nichols\nsource: 30A Songwriter Radio\nChristin Nichols\nsource: Musik-Interviews\nRob Nichol\nsource: Kiwi Yarns\nBERNIE NICHOLLS\nsource: Gouche Live\nDanielle Nichole\nsource: Brad Cooney Podcast\nPeter Nichols\nsource: Desert Island Discs: Archive 2000-2005\nCrystal Nichols\nsource: CONVERSATIONS with RARE WOMAN\nNichols And Dimes\nsource: 100 Music","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line474442"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9545494318008423,"wiki_prob":0.9545494318008423,"text":"Momentum to regulate drug prices uncertain…\nMomentum to regulate drug prices uncertain after Prop 61 defeat, Republican victories\nRudy Cuellar, 66, and his daughter, Pearl, 36, joined a Sacramento rally to support Proposition 61 the day before voters rejected the measure. If the measure fails, Rudy Cuellar said on Monday, policymakers should “just do it again.”\nRepublican control of the White House and Congress erodes the possibility of federal action to control the price of prescription drugs, health policy experts say.\nInstead, policymaking to address the spiraling drug costs likely will be done on the state level. Yet the Election Day defeat of a California ballot measure to rein in drug prices may make local lawmakers less inclined to pursue that model of tamping down on drug prices, too.\n“The prospect for a broad measure at the federal level for doing something about pricing is probably zero,” said Dr. Walid Gellad associate professor of medicine and director of the Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Prescribing at the University of Pittsburgh.\nAlthough President-elect Donald Trump has indicated support for giving Medicare the ability to negotiate drug prices, “what everyone thought was going to happen related to prescription drugs is just a lot less likely,” said Gellad.\nNearly 54 percent of Californians voted against Proposition 61, which would have pegged the state of California’s payments for prescription drugs to prices paid by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. The measure — which helped fuel a nationwide debate over ways to alleviate drug price “sticker shock” over EpiPens and other lifesaving medications — drew support in early polls, but lost traction in the days before the election.\nGellad says states may continue their push for more transparency in how drugmakers price their medications, especially when it comes to price increases.\nAbout 16 states considered some sort of proposal during the last legislative session to require manufacturers to disclose how they price their products or how much they spend on research and development, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Vermont’s proposal was signed by the governor this past June.\nNew Jersey and Virginia next year will renew consideration of drug price transparency legislation that had been in play this year but did not secure passage, said Dick Cauchi, the conference’s program director for health insurance, finance and pharmaceuticals.\nBut it’s too soon to tell whether other states where proposals stalled or were defeated will reintroduce drug price-related measures next year, he said.\n“Based on the increased level of legislative interest in this year’s sessions, it would not be surprising to see similar measures filed when all 50 state (legislatures) convene for 2017,” Cauchi said. “By early January, this landscape may be much clearer.”\nCalifornia state Assemblymember David Chiu, D-San Francisco, who supported Proposition 61 and wrote one of two failed bills to require more drug price transparency, said he’s considering whether to introduce new drug price legislation next year.\n“The issue will not go away until Californians and our country have some relief from skyrocketing drug prices,” said Chiu.\nHe said a range of groups have been approaching him since before the election to talk about what next year’s drug price policy proposal could look like.\n“Everything is on the table,” he said.\nProposition 61’s defeat wasn’t huge, “but it was enough,” said Ken Miller, associate director of the Rose Institute of State and Local Government at Claremont McKenna College.\nThe complex approach taken to drug price controls — linking them to VA prices — may have been a factor in its demise. And voters may have been won over by the organized and well-financed campaign to defeat it, Miller said.\n“Prop 61 was facing an enormous amount of negative attack ads on television,” said Miller. “The history is, if there is a huge amount of ‘no’ money, then typically the ballot measure fails.”\nThe drug industry had raised by far the most opposition funding — over $109 million dollars — to defeat the measure, according to California secretary of state records.\nFor 27-year-old Emily Taggart who voted early against the measure, Proposition 61 was just not the right time or policy to address prescription drug costs.\n“It sound[ed] like it would be awesome if it worked, but … there were a lot of variables that weren’t addressed,” said Taggart, a supermarket clerk in the Sacramento area. She said the measure didn’t seem to address the problem of pharmaceutical companies being able to “jack up” prices.\nA measure almost identical to the now-defeated California Drug Price Relief Act is on Ohio’s 2017 ballot. Local health care advocates in Ohio say they haven’t heard a lot about their state’s measure that was sponsored by the AIDS Healthcare Foundation based in Los Angeles.\n“I’m still uncertain whether the policy is good from the standpoint of whether it can be implemented,” said Steve Wagner, executive director of the Universal Health Care Action Network of Ohio, a consumer advocacy group.\nWagner says most of what he has heard about the measure has been from opponents.\nTaggart said she may support a different proposal to rein in prescription drug costs if one were brought before her again.\n“I’m sure [drug prices] will be on the ballot again,” Taggart said. “Once they think it through a little more.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line23509"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8082404732704163,"wiki_prob":0.8082404732704163,"text":"“Nowhere, except in Egypt or at Pompeii, is a prehistoric settlement to be found, the streets, huts and even domestic furniture of which are in such perfect preservation”\nProfessor V. Gordon Childe. Letter to The Orcadian newspaper. (1928)\nHouse One. Skara Brae. (Jim Richardson)\nBy Sigurd Towrie\nHailed the best-preserved Neolithic village in northern Europe, Skara Brae stands on the southern shore of the Bay of Skaill, in Orkney’s West Mainland – around 5½ miles, as the crow flies, to the north-west of the Ness of Brodgar complex\nIn the midst of an archaeology rich landscape, thousands of visitors flock annually to the site to view the consolidated remains of ten 5,000-year-old buildings.\nCocooned by sand for millennia, Skara Brae’s buildings, and their contents, are incredibly well-preserved. Not only are the walls still standing, and passageways roofed with their original stone slabs, but the interior fittings of each house give an unparalleled glimpse of life in Neolithic Orkney.\nDiscovery and excavation\n‘The Weem of Scara Brae’ (sic) — an undated photograph of the site but given the vegetative growth visible, it must have been taken some time after William Watt’s efforts to clear the site.\n(Picture courtesy of Orkney Library Photographic Archive).\nAround 1850 [1], a violent storm, together with an exceptionally high tide, undermined part of the dunes at “Skerrabrae” [2] to reveal [3] an artefact-filled “kitchen midden”[4]. Investigation by William Watt, resident of the nearby Skaill House, suggested “the existence of extensive buildings” [4]. Watt wasted no time before digging into these and, by February 1851, it was clear there was “a small ruinous chamber” within an “immense accumulation of ashes, several feet in thickness, plentifully mixed with shells and the horns and bones of deer and other animals” [5].\nBy 1868, four structures and had been revealed and a “vast hoard of primitive relics” gathered [6]. Although Watt’s work was carried out “with loving care and almost with his own hands” [7] it was excavation only in terms of the dictionary definition. Were it not for the Orcadian antiquarian George Petrie’s plans and records of the site, documentation would be non-existent [8].\nAfter Watt, the initial flurry of activity around Skara Brae waned and the site left to the elements for at least 45 years. It was revisited in 1913, when William Balfour Stewart’s “unmethodical excavations” [9] seem to have simply cleared out previously investigated areas.\nVere Gordon Childe (bottom left) pictured during his excavations at Skara Brae. The two women are now thought to have been students of Childe’s and part of a visiting group that included Margaret Simpson, Margaret Mitchell, Mary Kennedy and Dame Margaret Cole. (Picture courtesy of Orkney Library Photographic Archive)\nSkara Brae was then left until 1925, when another storm damaged some of the structures. A sea wall was constructed and it was decided that the building remains should also be consolidated. A side benefit of this was an excavation, which ran from 1927 until 1930 and led by Professor Vere Gordon Childe.\nChilde set to work “clearing out” the buildings [10] and “was reasonably successful” [11], in uncovering “an agglomeration of stone huts connected by covered passages and all partially buried in a huge midden heap” [12].\nChilde’s interpretation of the site saw him create an inaccurate, but tenacious, vision of Neolithic life that remains in some quarters today. Perhaps the most persistent element being the sudden and “hasty desertion” of the settlement in the face of an apocalyptic calamity.\nChilde originally thought Skara Brae represented an Iron Age settlement (early centuries AD) based on correlation be believed to exist between the carved stone balls found and Pictish symbol stones [13]. Some years later, when it became clear that the pottery was much earlier [14], Skara Brae was pushed back two millennia, firmly into the Neolithic.\nRadiocarbon dating in the early 1970s confirmed that the settlement dated from the late Neolithic, suggesting the site was inhabited between 3200BC and 2200BC.\nPlan of Skara Brae with the position of Clarke’s two excavation trenches in 1972-1973 marked.\n(Clarke, D.V. 1976. The Neolithic Village of Skara Brae, Orkney: 1972–1973 Excavations. An interim report. HMSO: Edinburgh.)\nEach house shares the same basic design – a large square room, with a central hearth, a “bed” on either side and a shelved “dresser” on the wall opposite the doorway.\nVisit the site today and you will see structures from two stages of the settlement’s history. All but two of these are from the later phase of activity.\nDresser in House One from the entrance. (Sigurd Towrie)\nSkara Brae followed the pattern since noted at other Orcadian Neolithic settlements – houses were built, inhabited, abandoned and rebuilt, frequently on the same site. Because of this, the early structures lie beneath the later constructions so can only be seen on the periphery of the excavated settlement (Houses Nine and Ten). These early houses were circular with the “beds” set into the walls at either side of the hearth. Excavation evidence suggests they were also freestanding and clad in turf jackets – as encountered at the Barnhouse Settlement.\nThe later houses followed the same basic design, but on a larger scale. The house shape changed slightly, becoming more rectangular with rounded internal corners. Also, the beds were no longer built into the wall but protruded into the main living area.\nToday, visitors often think, not helped by over a century of accounts suggesting the same, that Skara Brae was an underground village, linked by a series of short, roofed tunnels. This is not the case. The houses were not sunk into the ground but built on it and, over their lifetimes, became encased in domestic refuse, sand and other materials [15].\nInterior of House One, Skara Brae. (Sigurd Towrie)\nEach house was accessed through a low doorway, which had a stone slab door that could be closed, and secured, by a bar that fitted into holes in the door jambs.\nDespite the well-planned and executed drainage system serving the structures – including what may be internal toilets – Childe firmly believed the occupants lived in squalor, tolerating “a nauseating amount of filth on the hut floors” [10]. Behind his repeated references to the foetid living conditions was his incorrect belief that the settlement was abandoned, and the occupants fled, in the face of a catastrophe. To Childe, the condition of the buildings in 1928-30 was exactly as they had been left following his proposed Neolithic exodus.\nSkara Brae. (Hugo Anderson-Whymark)\nBecause nothing survived of the structures’ roofs, we must assume that they were made of a perishable, organic material. Perhaps whalebone, or driftwood, beams supported a roof of turf, skins, thatched seaweed or straw. Seaweed, weighed down with straw ropes attached to stones, remained a roofing material in Orkney into recent history.\nUntil the discovery of stone roofing “tiles” at the Ness of Brodgar, it was assumed all Neolithic constructions had organic roofs. In light of this, re-reading the early excavation reports offers an intriguing possibility – were Skara Brae’s houses stone roofed too?\nIn July 1861, James Farrer wrote a letter to The Orcadian newspaper in which he stated that all the chambers and passages “were filled with sand and stones fallen from the roof…”\nWhile this is far from definite evidence of roofing tiles, in 1931 Childe described House Seven at Skara Brae: “Scraps of bone and shells were lying scattered promiscuously all over the floor, sometimes masked by broken slates laid down like stepping stones over the morass” [9].\nHad Childe unwittingly stumbled across roofing tiles? Unfortunately, we will never know.\nThe date and extent of Skara Brae\n“Among those numerous remains of primitive dwellings of the early inhabitants of the Orkneys, which have been more or. less examined, a great mass of ruins on the shore of the bay of Skaill, in the parish of Sandwick, occupies a prominent place, and deserves particular notice.”\nGeorge Petrie. Notice of Ruins of Ancient Dwellings at Skara, Bay of Skaill, in the Parish of Sandwick, Orkney. (1867)\nIn 2017, a re-evaluation of Orcadian radiocarbon dates suggested that occupation at Skara Brae began around 2900BC but was abandoned a short time later and re-occupied between 2800-2700BC. The site was abandoned around 2500BC [16].\nPassageway. (Sigurd Towrie)\nThese results seem to indicate a clear hiatus at Skara Brae but does this actually represent abandonment? Are we seeing something else – buildings or areas perhaps going out of use? This highlights a problem with Skara Brae’s interpretation – the assumption that the consolidated remains represent the entirety of the settlement. As we will see, what visitors to the Neolithic village see now is probably a fraction of the original. As Brend et al. stressed in 2020, “the extent of a Neolithic settlement in Orkney is seldom, if ever, the same as the area excavated [17]”.\nSkara Brae has been said to have been a cluster of no more than ten to twelve houses, inhabited by a population of around 70 [18]. But the evidence now suggests that the village we see today was but one part of a more extensive settlement. As recently as 2009, David Clarke – who excavated Skara Brae in the 1970s – all but dismissed this possibility.\nConceding that any archaeological remains seaward of the village were long gone, he stressed that “archaeologists are fairly confident that landward, little, if anything remains to be discovered” [19]. Archaeological evidence suggests this is not the case. Not only do we have early activity on the outskirts of the consolidated village but a large eroding mound, 100 metres to the west, revealed at least two, if not three, major structural phases, separated by large deposits of windblown sand.\nSouth of Skara Brae, fieldwalking has identified a scatter of flint, bone and a stone tool identified as Neolithic [17]. Supporting the physical evidence, geophysical surveys strongly suggest the excavated village is but one part of a much larger settlement [17].\nA series of magnetic anomalies to the south and west of Skara Brae hint at a settlement that could be as much as five times the size of the known remains. Whether occupation extended to the north (i.e. seaward) and, if so, how far, is now impossible to tell. The fact that during the lifetime of Skara Brae the area occupied by the current bay was a mix of dry land, freshwater lochans and marsh, with encroaching sand and machair [20] makes a lost northern section very possible, if not probable.\nSkara Brae and the Bay of Skaill. (Sigurd Towrie)\nThe idea that Skara Brae was abandoned overnight in the face of a cataclysm that caused the inhabitants to flee is entirely incorrect. Unfortunately, it is still often presented as fact.\nAs we have seen, this suitably dramatic end was proposed by the archaeologist Gordon Childe after his excavations in the late 1920s. Like a northern Pompeii, it immediately caught the public’s imagination but is complete fiction. Instead, Skara Brae’s decline was probably much more complex and gradual.\nAlthough radiocarbon dating suggests an end around 2500BC, we must remember that this relates only to the excavated portion of the settlement. Because that section was probably just one part of a much larger settlement can we really say Skara Brae was abandoned? It may be that life went on at Skara Brae – but was focused in another area. Activity certainly continued around the Bay of Skaill throughout the Bronze and Iron Ages and beyond.\nThat said, evidence from across Orkney does point to a change in society around 2500BC [16] and with this it has been suggested that nucleated settlements, such as Skara Brae, went out of use [16] This, however, was certainly not an overnight phenomenon and may have occurred over a prolonged period of time.\nSkara Brae. (Sigurd Towrie)\nThe second element of the name Skara Brae is the Scots word brae, meaning slope, but which is often found in Orkney referring to mounds. The first element, however, has long been pondered and remains unclear. But as we have seen, Skara Brae is a relatively recent invention. The older version, Skerrabrae, suggests the first element may relate to the Old Norse sker, meaning reef, which is found today in the word skerry. It is perhaps no coincidence that a large, rocky skerry lies at the southern end of the Bay of Skaill, a little to the west of Skara Brae.\nThis possibility is strengthened when we look at the name given by Orcadian George Marwick in the late 1800s. Recounting a folktale centred on the Bay of Skaill, Marwick explains that “Skerow Brae” was used as a navigation aid by those at sea [21]. In this form, the presence of -ow suffix could represent the Old Norse haugr, meaning mound and which is often found in placenames as -howe, -how or -ow.\nIf we follow the sker avenue, Skerow is simply descriptive, meaning skerry mound.\nIn a retelling of the same folktale, Marwick give the navigational mound a different name – Skawhowe.\nSkaw is generally thought to derive from the Old Norse skagi, meaning headland or promontory, so we have promontory mound. The problem with this is that Skara Brae does not sit on a headland. While Marwick may be referring to a second, different navigation point, this seems unlikely as the instructions given for lining up the two points are the same. Instead, I wonder whether there was an error when Marwick’s handwritten article was transcribed for publication in The Orkney Herald in December 1891.\nInteractive 3D Model: House Seven, Skara Brae\nInteractive 3D Model: House One, Skara Brae\nInteractive 3D Models: Skara Brae artefacts\n[1] Every late 20th century account places the storm that revealed Skara Brae in 1850, but the earlier sources are less clear. Hugh Marwick placed it “in the year 1850, or immediately before…” (1929) while George Petrie was equally unclear: “About fifteen or sixteen years ago…” (1867). Depending on when Petrie wrote his paper, this places the storm between 1849 and 1851. What is without doubt is that by February 1851, Lieutenant Thomas had documented that there were archaeological remains on site.\n[2] Skara Brae is a modern corruption of Skerrabrae or Skerrabra – the names by which the site was known until at least the 1950s. Writing in 1928, the Orcadian scholar Hugh Marwick explained: “An elderly Sandwick man, who has lived in the neighbourhood all his days, informs me that he had always hear it referred to as ‘Styerrabrae’, i.e. Skerrabrae, with the local palatalising of ‘sk’ before a front vowel.”\n[3] The idea that Skara Brae was unknown until it was uncovered by the storm of 1850 is “a complete fiction”, according to Orcadian historian Dr Ernest Marwick. In an article in The Orcadian newspaper in 1967, Marwick said: “In his Observations made in a Tour of the islands of Orkney and Shetland in the year 1769, James Robertson wrote of the square catacombs in the Downs of Skail, and said that in one a skeleton was found with a sword in one hand and a Danish axe in the other.”\n[4] Marwick, H. (1929) Skerrabrae. In Proceedings of the Orkney Antiquarian Society, Volume VII (1928-1929), pp 17-26. The Orcadian: Kirkwall.\n[5] Thomas, F. W. L. (1851) XIII — Account of some of the Celtic Antiquities of Orkney, including the Stones of Stenness, Tumuli, Picts-houses, &c., with Plans, by FWL Thomas, RN, Corr. Mem. SA Scot., Lieutenant Commanding HM Surveying Vessel Woodlark. Archaeologia, 34(1), pp.88–136.\n[6] Petrie, G. (1867). Notice of Ruins of Ancient Dwellings at Skara, Bay of Skaill, in the Parish of Sandwick, Orkney, recently excavated. In Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (Vol. 7, pp. 201–219).\n[7] Old Lore Miscellany (1909).\n[8] It was solely due to Petrie’s plan that Gordon Childe, who excavated Skara Brae in the late 1920s, realised that House One had been “restored” by Watt.\n[9] Childe, V. G. (1931). Skara Brae: a Pictish village in Orkney. Kegan Paul: London.\n[10] Childe, V. G., Paterson, J. and Bryce, T. (1929). Provisional Report on the Excavations at Skara Brae, and on Finds from the 1927 and 1928 Campaigns. With a Report on Bones. In Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (Vol. 63, pp. 225–280).\n[11] Ritchie, A. (1995) Prehistoric Orkney. Batsford Ltd: London.\n[12] Childe, V. G. (1931). Skara Brae: a ‘Stone Age’ village in Orkney. Antiquity, 5(17), pp.47–59.\n[13] Childe, V. G. (1930) Operations at Skara Brae during 1929. In Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (Vol. 64, pp. 158–191).\n[14] Childe, V.G. and Grant, W. (1938). A Stone-Age settlement at the Braes of Rinyo, Rousay, Orkney (First Report). In Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (Vol. 73, pp. 6–31).\n[15] Shepherd, A.N. (2016). Skara Brae life studies: overlaying the embedded images. In Hunter, F. and Sheridan, A. (eds) Ancient lives: object, people and place in early Scotland. Essays for David V. Clarke on his 70th birthday. Sidestone Press: Leiden.\n[16] Bayliss, A., Marshall, P., Richards, C. and Whittle, A. (2017) Islands of History: The Late Neolithic timescape of Orkney. Antiquity, 91(359), pp. 1171–1188.\n[17] Brend, A., Card, N., Downes, J., Edmonds, M. and Moore, J. (2020) Landscapes Revealed: Geophysical Survey in the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Area 2002-2011. Oxbow Books, Oxford.\n[18] Clarke, D. V. (2012) Skara Brae: Official Souvenir Guide. Historic Scotland: Edinburgh.\n[19] Clarke, D. and Maguire, P. (2009) Skara Brae: Northern Europe’s Best Preserved Neolithic Village: The Official Souvenir Guide. Historic Scotland: Edinburgh.\n[20] Leinert, A.C.D.L.V., Keen, D.H., Jones, R.L., Wells, J.M. and Smith, D.E. (2000) Mid‐Holocene environmental changes in the Bay of Skaill, Mainland Orkney, Scotland: an integrated geomorphological, sedimentological and stratigraphical study. Journal of Quaternary Science: Quaternary Research Association, 15(5), pp.509–528.\n[21] Muir, T. and Irvine, J. (eds) 2014. George Marwick: Yesnaby’s Master Storyteller. The Orcadian: Kirkwall.\nNext story Wednesday wildlife – down by the lochs\nPrevious story Online lecture – The Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project and the Durrington Walls Pits Circle\nA natural cursus? Water, walls and walking the Ness\nThe Bay of Skaill trail\nNess flanked by lochs in prehistory? Surveys suggest otherwise","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1300967"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5246003866195679,"wiki_prob":0.47539961338043213,"text":"2016 Holiday Gift Guide: Games\nPosted by Bullz-Eye Staff (12/09/2016 @ 9:00 am)\nThe holiday season is the video game industry’s busiest time of year, with publishers saving many of their marquee titles to release on the public like an avalanche of digital goodness. It can actually be quite overwhelming with so many different options to choose from, so we’ve done our best to put together a collection of what we feel are some of the year’s finest games.\nClick the links within the write-ups to purchase each product online, and for more gift ideas, check out the other categories in our Holiday Gift Guide.\nSet 25 years after Marcus Fenix defeated the Locust Horde once and for all, “Gears of War 4” finds Marcus’ son JD leading a group of ex-COG soldiers against a mysterious new threat. Though the game is pretty much business as usual for fans of the series, “Gears of War 4” does introduce a few changes that improve and shake up the overall gameplay. In addition to several new weapons (including our personal favorite, the Buzzkill, which shoots circular saws that can ricochet off walls), the emergence of extreme weather phenomena called Windflares affect combat with strong winds, flying debris and more. Story mode is also a lot more difficult thanks to A.I. enemies that pile on the pressure instead of sitting back and waiting for you to attack. Of course, while the single-player (or co-op) campaign serves as a nice refresher course for those who haven’t played “Gears of War” in awhile, online multiplayer is still the game’s bread and butter. All of the usual modes are here, along with newcomers like Dodgeball and Arms Race to ensure you don’t get bored. Though “Gears of War 4” isn’t as groundbreaking as the original, it’s an enjoyable franchise reboot that keeps everything that was great about the previous installments and builds on it.\nBatman: The Telltale Series\nTelltale Games has been on a real streak lately with high-profile titles like “The Walking Dead,” “The Wolf Among Us” and “Game of Thrones,” but the company’s latest episodic game features perhaps their biggest IP yet. Though it’s not as instantly captivating as some of the aforementioned titles, “Batman: The Telltale Series” delivers the tried and tested combo of choice-based dialogue, puzzle solving and quicktime action scenes that we’ve come to expect. The game doesn’t explore the World’s Greatest Detective angle quite as much as it should, but that’s largely because you spend more time playing as Bruce Wayne, digging into his family’s secret history after it’s revealed that his father may not have been the saint he appeared to be. With that said, the Batman sequences are a lot more fun, whether you’re devising a plan of attack, stringing together clues at a crime scene or battling one of his many iconic villains. As with most Telltale games, the storytelling is stronger than the gameplay, but fans of their click-and-point adventures (and Batman in general) will find plenty to enjoy.\nPosted in: Games, Stuff to Buy\nTags: 2016 holiday gift guide, gift guide, Holiday Gift Guide, video game gifts, video games\nKill Your Productivity with These Browser-Based Games\nOkay, we’re not actually suggesting you abandon work and play these awesome games, but they are still handy to have for whenever you have a few minutes to spare. Browser-based games can be played from any browser, including the one on your smartphone. They are great for some quick entertainment.\nTo make it even better, browser-based games today are so much better than they were a couple of years ago. To help you get started with enjoying a relaxing time or having some fun in between meetings, here are a few games you definitely should try.\nPosted in: Games, Lifestyle\nTags: online games\nUnsaved Progress: The failure of video game adaptations in film\nPosted by Rob Dean (06/06/2016 @ 9:00 am)\nIt should be a slam dunk – a known property with recognizable characters, an established story and plenty of excuse for spectacle. So why has it been so hard for Hollywood to successfully adapt a video game into a good film? Since 1993’s “Super Mario Bros.,” movie studios have tried to capitalize on the billions of dollars of success of video games by bringing them to the big screen. Yet time and again, what lands is a loud thud of a movie, boring to major audiences and befuddling to the devoted fanbase.\nDespite the constant critical and/or financial drubbings the films take upon release, producers continue to attempt to adapt video games into successful franchises. “The Angry Birds” movie opened well, but was generally despised by critics, and soon there will be movie versions of “World of Warcraft,” “Assassin’s Creed” and a revamping of “Tomb Raider” franchise. It makes sense why filmmakers and companies are chasing these properties, for all the reasons stated above, but why have they always been such terrible dreck with only occasional flashes of innovation?\nThe first issue is that video games are immersive properties. Gamers are actively participating in these adventures, instead of watching them unfold passively on the screen. That creates the first hurdle for these films to overcome: how do you create something engrossing enough that it wraps people up in the events and makes it feel like it’s happening to them? Even the best blockbusters struggle with this ability to get audiences to identify and empathize with what’s happening on screen, let alone those made simply for cash-in purposes. Therefore, in order to do justice to these video game properties, filmmakers are already facing an uphill climb.\nPosted in: Entertainment, Games, Movies\nTags: video game adaptations, video game movies\n“Quantum Break” is a flawed but enjoyable slice of hybrid entertainment\nWe don’t cover video games on this site as much as we used to, but it’s difficult to ignore a title like “Quantum Break,” which was originally teased during the reveal of the Xbox One back in 2013. That’s because it’s unlike anything you’ve ever played before – a uniquely immersive experience that’s one part video game, one part live-action TV series. But to fully understand how the merging of these two mediums works, you first need to know what the game is about.\nSet in a fictional Northeastern town that’s been overtaken by an enigmatic corporation known as Monarch Solutions, the story follows Jack Joyce (Shawn Ashmore), who returns home after years of trying to escape his past when he receives a cryptic message from his friend Paul Serene (Aiden Gillen) asking him to meet at Riverport University. It turns out that Paul has been secretly building a time machine, and with his investors threatening to pull the plug on the project, he needs Jack’s help to prove that it actually works. But when the experiment goes horribly wrong and causes a fracture in time, Jack and Paul are affected in different ways; Jack is granted the ability to manipulate time, while Paul can see into the future.\nForced to go on the run after he’s framed for the incident, Jack must team up with his physicist brother Will (Dominic Monaghan) and a Monarch security officer named Beth Wilder (Courtney Hope) to stop Paul – who has returned from the future a changed man – from exploiting the time fracture for his own personal gain. If that sounds incredibly ambiguous, that’s because saying any more would be wading into major spoiler territory.\nPosted in: Entertainment, Game Reviews, Games\nTags: Aiden Gillen, Quantum Break, Shawn Ashmore\nPosted by Jason Zingale (12/07/2015 @ 12:27 pm)\nThe holiday season is the video game industry’s busiest time of year, with publishers saving many of their marquee titles to release on the public like an avalanche of digital goodness. It can actually be quite overwhelming with so many different options to choose from, so we’ve done our best to put together a collection of what we feel are some of the year’s best titles, and ones that the gamer on your list will love.\nStar Wars: Battlefront\nIf you’ve ever wanted to know what it would be like to be a part of the “Star Wars” universe, Electronic Arts’ “Star Wars: Battlefront” lets you live out your ultimate fantasy by dropping you into the middle of the action in some of the most famous locations from the original trilogy. Whether assuming the role of a Rebel soldier or Stormtrooper fighting on the ground, an X-Wing or TIE pilot engaged in a massive dogfight in the skies, or as one of the many legacy characters like Luke Skywalker and Darth Vader, this is “Star Wars” fan service at its very best. Boasting gorgeous, photorealistic visuals and addictive gameplay, “Battlefront” is the most enjoyable “Star Wars” game since “Knights of the Old Republic.” Though the single player/co-op modes aren’t very exciting (they’re mostly just a place to hone your skills and waste a few hours with a friend), the online multiplayer is where the game really shines. There are nine modes to choose from – including favorites like Fighter Squadron, Heroes vs. Villains and Supremacy – with each one delivering a unique experience from the others. “Battlefront” is the “Star Wars” game that fans have been waiting for, and with more content planned for the future, it can only get better.\nHow do you make a great game even better? That’s the challenge put forth each year to EA Sports and their “FIFA” franchise, and every time, they respond in brilliant fashion. Though there aren’t any major changes to the gameplay, “FIFA 16” has implemented some small but important refinements to deliver the most authentic soccer simulation yet. On the field, defending has been given a complete facelift, including the ability to defend better as a unit with enhanced AI awareness, goalkeepers who make less mistakes, and improved tackling mechanics. The EA Sports team has also added something called Passing with Purpose that allows you to ping driven ground passes to teammates in tight spaces, as well as No Touch Dribbling, which gives you more creativity on the ball. Off the field, the changes are even bigger, headlined by the announcement that you can now play as one of 12 Women’s National Teams in a variety of game modes. Career Mode has also received two of the most requested features – pre-season tournaments and player training to increase stats – while Ultimate Team has added a new mode called FUT Draft where you build a team by picking each position from a five-player draw and then compete in challenges to win rewards. This is the most definitive edition of “FIFA” yet, and it’s an absolute must-have for any soccer fan.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1337930"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7259923219680786,"wiki_prob":0.7259923219680786,"text":"Katherine June Lilly\nKatherine June Lilly, 95, a devoted wife, loving mother, and pianist/organist, was called home to the Lord on January 4, 2022. She peacefully passed at home, to now join her beloved husband Dennis of 48 years, who went on ahead of her in 2001. Katy was born March 25, 1926, in Fairmont, WV, as a daughter of George and Iva Ginkel Donham. Her great grandfather was George Adams, former street commissioner of Fairmont, after which the main thoroughfare downtown, Adams Street, was named. She graduated high school from Saint Peters Catholic School, then on to West Virginia University in Morgantown to complete her Bachelor of Arts and Master’s degrees in Music, with a concentration in piano and organ. As a student at WVU, Katy met Dennis, who was also in the Music Master’s program in voice, and she served as his accompanist. They were married in November 1952 at Munsey Memorial United Methodist Church. After having lived in Johnson City, they moved to Amherst, MA, and College Park, MO, finally relocating back to Johnson City in 1967. Katy taught private piano lessons from home and served as an organist for a number of local area churches, which include First United Methodist Church in Johnson City, and United Methodist Church in Elizabethton. She served as organist and later as music director at Erwin Presbyterian Church, retiring after having served 33 years. In addition to her parents Katy was preceded in death by two daughters, Marjorie Harvey and Susanne Lilly James, brother, John Donham, and daughter in law, Kelly MacFarlane Lilly. Survivors include her three sons, David and wife Sandra (Rast) Lilly of Johnson City, Mike Lilly of Cartersville, GA, Jason and wife Jani (Ahmad) Lilly of McDonough, GA; grandchildren, Ryan and his wife, Katherine Derise and husband Matthew of Memphis; Zach Lilly of Pinehurst, NC, Madison Scott and husband Alex of Sanford, NC, Nick Lilly of Atlanta, GA, Devin Lilly of Dallas, TX, Garrett Lilly of Statesboro, GA, Eric Harvey of Jonesborough; great grandchildren, twins George and Zoey Derise; son-in-law, Rigby Harvey of Gray; sister, Eleanor Timms and husband Delmar, of Wheeling, WV; several nieces and nephews. The family will receive friends on Friday, January 14, 2022, from 6:00-8:00 P.M. at Appalachian Funeral Home. The private family graveside committal will be conducted Saturday, January 15, 2022 at 10:30 A.M. in Washington County Memory Gardens with Pastor Stan Webster, officiating. Katy will be laid to rest beside her husband Dennis. Pallbearers will be chosen from family. In-lieu-of flowers, donations can be made to the music fund at Erwin Presbyterian Church, 105 N. Elm Ave. Erwin, TN 37650.\nKatherine June Lilly, 95, a devoted wife, loving mother, and pianist/organist, was called home to the Lord on January 4, 2022. She peacefully passed at home, to now join her beloved husband Dennis of 48 years, who went on ahead of her in 2001.... View Obituary & Service Information\nThe family of Katherine June Lilly created this Life Tributes page to make it easy to share your memories.\nKatherine June Lilly, 95, a devoted wife, loving mother, and...\nSend flowers to the Lilly family.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1058634"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9554530382156372,"wiki_prob":0.9554530382156372,"text":"When former WWE Champion broke the fourth wall after match with Brock Lesnar\nBrock Lesnar vs Drew McIntyre at WrestleMania 36 has been etched into the memory of the fans for many reasons. One being, McIntyre’s bold move to break the fourth wall to address fans directly after his historic win in the first WrestleMania held with no crowd.\nWWE Superstars seldom go off script and it’s even rarer that they break the fourth wall. One of the most famous incidents of the fourth wall being broken in WWE is the ‘pipe bomb’ promo by CM Punk.\nIn March 2020, Drew McIntyre went off script and broke the fourth wall after becoming WWE Champion at WrestleMania 36.\nWrestleMania has always been an event that is filled with the cheers and boos of a large number of people in the crowd. However, Drew McIntyre’s crowning moment came at the peak of the COVID pandemic when WWE had to organize WrestleMania at the Performance Center with no crowds.\nThe Scottish Warrior took on Brock Lesnar for the WWE Championship. The Beast Incarnate proved to be no match for McIntyre as he was defeated in under 5 minutes. It was after the match that the new WWE Champion, Drew McIntyre, decided to do something out of the ordinary and broke the fourth wall to connect with the fans watching from home.\nStone Cold praised Drew McIntyre’s decision to break the fourth wall after beating Brock Lesnar\nWhen Drew McIntyre joined Steve Austin as a guest on Broken Skull Sessions, Austin said it was the ‘right call’ by McIntyre to break the fourth wall after defeating Brock Lesnar. The Scottish star revealed that he thought it would be edited out considering how unconventional it was but they decided to keep it.\n”I assumed it would be edited. They’ll take that out. I don’t care. This is what feels right, I wanted to say thank you to everyone but it’s weird, 90,00 people, same as the rumble… I would’ve lost my mind, jumping the crowd. But there was silence,” said McIntyre\nDrew McIntyre directly thanking the fans at home","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line438323"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6037955284118652,"wiki_prob":0.39620447158813477,"text":"York St John University fake diploma the Lazy Man’s Way\n2018-10-22 Lee, david England diplomas, Samples Leave a comment\nYork St John University fake diploma the Lazy Man’s Way. York St John University (originally established as York Diocesan College) is a public university located on a large urban campus in York, England. It achieved university status in 2006. York St John University fake diploma, fake certificate, fake degree, fake transcript. It is one of several higher education institutions which have religious foundations; others include Canterbury Christ Church University, York St John University fake diploma, fake certificate, fake degree, fake transcript, Liverpool Hope University, St. Mary’s University College, University of Chester, University of Chichester, University of Cumbria, University of Derby, University of Gloucestershire, University of Winchester, and Bishop Grosseteste University.\nAs of 2016/17, there were 5,940 students, reading a wide variety of subjects, in nine Schools: Art, Design & Computer Science; Education; Health Sciences; Humanities, Religion & Philosophy; Languages & Linguistics; Performance and Media Production; Psychological and Social Sciences; Sport; and York Business School. The university descends from two Anglican teacher training colleges, which were founded in York in 1841 (for men) and 1846 (for women). York St John University fake diploma, fake certificate, fake degree, fake transcript. In 1862, the women’s college relocated to Ripon. York St John University fake diploma, fake certificate, fake degree, fake transcript. Over the next century, the colleges gradually diversified their education programmes. The colleges, St John’s College and Ripon College, merged in 1974 to form the “College of Ripon and York St John”. In 1990 the combined institution formally became a college of the University of Leeds; this arrangement allowed it to award degrees in the name of the latter, while remaining in practice largely autonomous.\nfake certificatefake degreefake diplomafake diploma and transcriptfake transcriptYork St John University diplomaYork St John University fake diploma\nPrevious Post:Get Better University of York fake degree By Following 3 Simple Steps\nNext Post:New! Australian Catholic University fake degree Available Now","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1420412"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.628999650478363,"wiki_prob":0.628999650478363,"text":"RAGING SPEEDHORN To Tour U.S. With NILE\nRAGING SPEEDHORN have secured an opening slot on an American tour with NILE in early 2006. More details will be made public as they develop.\nIn other news, RAGING SPEEDHORN's video for the track \"How Much Can A Man Take\" will debut on the Fuse network's \"Metal Asylum\" program on Thursday, July 28. \"Metal Asylum\" airs Monday through Friday at 11:00 p.m. EST. The video is already in rotation on MTV2's \"Headbangers Ball\" and on Canada's MuchMusic channel.\nRAGING SPEEDHORN's latest album, \"How The Great Have Fallen\", was released in May via SPV Records. The CD, the group's first with ex-DEFENESTRATION axeman Jaye Thompson, was recorded at London's 2KHZ Studios (THE DARKNESS, THE WILDHEARTS) with producer Joe Barresi (LIMP BIZKIT, BUCKCHERRY, QUEENS OF THE STONE AGE, MONSTER MAGNET, KYUSS).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line744456"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5778233408927917,"wiki_prob":0.5778233408927917,"text":"JFActivist\nADAPT Issues Call for Real Medicaid Reform, DC Rally to be Held Sept. 21st\nvia ADAPT (6.21.11):\nADAPT Calls on Washington and the States to Endorse Real Medicaid Reform that Protects the Civil Rights of Seniors and People with Disabilities\nJune 22nd is the anniversary of the landmark Supreme Court decision in Olmstead, which applied the integration mandate of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to long term services and supports. In that decision, the Supreme Court affirmed that people with disabilities have a civil right to live in the community in the most integrated setting. Twelve years later, members of Congress and state governments are trying to de-fund that right by cutting Medicaid and giving states “flexibility” to cut programs that assist people with disabilities and seniors to live in their own homes and communities.\nIn response to these harmful federal proposals, ADAPT is launching a campaign for real Medicaid reform that protects people’s liberty in every state of the country. Over the next few months, ADAPT and other disability organizations are mobilizing their members to visit their Congressional and state representatives and organize events in Washington DC and every state. “We need to remind these federal and state policy makers that de-funding Medicaid de-funds our freedom and that is not acceptable,” said Rahnee Patrick, ADAPT Organizer from Chicago.\nWhile Congressional Democrats have vowed to protect seniors and nursing facilities, their current proposals also cut vital home and community-based services that allow seniors and people with disabilities to stay in their own homes. “Congress and state governments need to recognize that the freedom of Americans with disabilities and seniors is a civil rights ‘entitlement’ that they shouldn’t eliminate or diminish,” said Bruce Darling, ADAPT Organizer from Rochester, NY.\nThe campaign will be highlighted with a rally in Washington DC on Capitol Hill, Wednesday September 21st. ADAPT and the other campaign organizers are urging disability, senior and civil rights organizations in every state to hold their own events this summer and immediately begin working to bring people with disabilities and older Americans to our nation’s capital in September. For more information on the rally, go to ADAPT’s website at www.adapt.org.\nADAPT continues to meet with Congressional representatives and identify ways to contain Medicaid spending that implement people’s right to live in the community and save taxpayer dollars at the same time. These proposals include:\nExpand the use of community-based services. Studies have demonstrated that by reducing the over-reliance on institutions and nursing facilities and shifting toward more cost-effective community-based services, states can contain Medicaid spending. Despite the growing body of evidence showing that community-based services are more cost effective, the federal government still allows states to continue their wasteful, institutionally-biased practices...\n>>>For the Full Press Release\nMobilize for Medicaid! Please use comments below to share how you are organizing in your area, strategy ideas, thoughts on effective organizing tactics, etc!\nJun 22, 2011 1:07:14 AM | Court Decisions, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Financial, Health Care, Housing, Judicial, Legislative, Long-term Services and Supports, Medicaid, Olmstead, Self-Advocacy, State News\nStudy Reveals National Average Rents Higher than SSI Payments Received by PWD\nvia the Arc of Illinois (6.20.11):\nNew Study Reveals that National Average Rents are Higher than Supplemental Security Income Payments Received by People with Disabilities\nVulnerable People with Disabilities Completely Priced Out of Nation's Housing Market\nWashington, D.C. -- The national average rent for a modestly priced one-bedroom apartment is more than the entire amount of Supplemental Security Income received by people with disabilities, according to a new study released today by the Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities Housing Task Force and the Technical Assistance Collaborative.\nThe study, titled Priced Out in 2010, reveals that as a national average, people with disabilities living on Supplemental Security Income (SSI) needed to pay 112 percent of their income to rent a modest one-bedroom unit priced at the fair market rent. Rents for smaller studio/efficiency apartments, were 99 percent of SSI..\nSSI is a federal program that provides income to people with significant and long term disabilities who are unable to work and have no other source of income and virtually no assets. According to Priced Out, in 2010, a single person SSI household received an average monthly SSI payment of $703 to cover all their basic needs, including housing.\nThis study makes it crystal clear why vulnerable people with disabilities become homeless or are unable to move out of high-cost institutional settings, said Ann OHara of the Technical Assistance Collaborative, who co-authored the study. As this study shows, a monthly income of only $703 is less than the rent for most apartments, particularly in higher cost housing markets...\n>>>For the Full Report...\nHave you struggled to make rent on SSI? Please share your experiences in the comments below.\nJun 21, 2011 11:07:04 AM | Current Affairs, Disability Community, Financial, Housing, Social Security\nIn IL: Settlement Gives 3,000 People with Developmental Disabilities Choice of Community-Based Housing\nvia the Chicago Tribune (6.15.11):\nDeal gives 3,000 developmentally disabled people choice of community-based housing\nSettlement gives state 6 years to complete plan\nby Lisa Black\nState officials will begin drawing up plans to move 3,000 people with developmental and intellectual disabilities into community-based housing of their choice, as directed under a federal settlement approved Wednesday that allows for a six-year timetable.\nThe governor's office praised the settlement, which will expand services to new residents on a 21,000-member waiting list — but officials offered no answers on how they expect to pay additional costs during Illinois' fiscal crunch.\n\"The final cost will be determined by how many people elect community-based care,\" said Januari Smith, spokeswoman for the Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services and the Department of Human Services, the defendants in the lawsuit.\n>>>For the Full Article...\nHow do you think IL residents with developmental disabilities will respond to having this option? Share your thoughts in comments below.\nJun 16, 2011 1:22:50 PM | Court Decisions, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Housing, Judicial, Long-term Services and Supports, Self-Advocacy, State News\nDo You Support Services in Truly Integrated Settings? Take Action Today!\nVia Luda Demikhovskaya (6.13.11):\nPush New Medicaid Rules Supporting Services in Truly Integrated Settings by:\nTODAY, Tuesday at 5pm!\nTAKE ACTION HERE!\nSupport Proposed Regulations for Medicaid Home- and Community-Based Waivers!\nJune 13, 2011 -- The Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law urges you to support rules proposed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) that would help ensure scarce waiver dollars are used to support services in truly integrated settings -- not settings that are institutional in nature!\nUse the Bazelon Center's comments as a model, or tell CMS that you agree with our comments. Also, consider telling CMS to include the \"qualities of an institution\" list in the regulation -- not in the background; and that there is no reason to have separate rules for assisted-living facilities.\nSubmit Comments by Tuesday, June 14, 5 PM EST electronically via http://www.regulations.gov.\nFollow the instructions under the \"More Search Options\" tab.\nInclude reference code CMS-22296-P.\nYou can find the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking here.\nThe Proposed Rules:\nPermit states to serve individuals with different types of disabilities in one waiver.\nDefine \"home and community-based.\"\nInclude requirements for person-centered planning.\nIndicate that waiver services must not be provided in \"a building that is also a publicly or privately operated facility that provides inpatient institutional treatment or custodial care; in a building on the grounds of, or immediately adjacent to, a public institution; or a housing complex designed expressly around an individual's diagnosis or disability, as determined by the Secretary.\"\nAnd, among other things, indicate that waiver services must not be provided in a setting that \"has qualities of an institutional setting.\" CMS notes that such qualities may include regimented meal and sleep times, limitations on visitors, lack of privacy and other attributes that limit individuals' ability to engage freely in the community.\nJun 14, 2011 11:37:46 AM | ***ACTION ALERTS***, Court Decisions, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Financial, Housing, Judicial, Legislative, Long-term Services and Supports, Medicaid, Seclusion & Restraints, Self-Advocacy\n180,000 Housing Voucher Turnovers and Transitioning People Out of Institutions\nFrom Steve Gold's Information Bulletin (6.6.11):\nNationally, in 2010, about 9 percent of nearly 2 million Housing Choice Vouchers (a/k/a Section 8 vouchers) are \"turned over\" each year. In HUD parlance, these are classified as an\"attrition rate.\"\nPublic Housing Authorities throughout the country, therefore, have \"turned over\" Housing Choice Vouchers available to issue to people who have previously applied for vouchers but were placed on a \"waiting list.\"\nPlease be aware that some Housing Authorities may not be able to immediately reissue all vouchers as they turnover. PHAs must manage their program with the funding that is available, which may precludethem from immediately reissuing all vouchers upon turnover.\nAs you know, because there are long \"waiting lists\" for these vouchers, many advocates understandably are discouraged with the length of time people must wait until a voucher becomes available.\nHowever, it's very important to remember that these \"waiting lists\" do move nationally by about 9 percent a year. Some Housing Authorities had 20\n- 40 % turnover rate. (Please note turnover data was not available for about 25 \"Moving to Work\" Housing Authorities, many of which are the large Housing Authorities.)\nBut a 9% turnover rate means, nationally, there are at least (remember the big MTW authorities are not even included) about 180,000 vouchers potentially available to be issued to people who are on a waiting lists.\nIt's also important to remember that each Housing Authority may establish preferences for admission to their voucher program. If they do so, they must list the \"preferences\" for their vouchers in their Section 8 Administrative Plan, which is publicly available. \"Preferences\" mean exactly what you think. Some categories of people go to the top of the waiting list and others do not.\n\"Preferences\" are supposed to reflect housing \"needs\" in your community.\nIn Information Bulletin # 329 (4/4/2011), we summarized the national HUD report entitled \"Worst Case Housing Needs of People with Disabilities.\"\n>>>To see the HUD report and To Comment...\nThis Worst Case report does not include persons who are institutionalized in nursing homes, ICFs or Mental Institutions. Advocates know there are many people institutionalized solely because they cannot afford to pay for housing in the community. The nursing home is the Poorhouse of the 21st Century.\nWhat advocates should do:\nAdvocates for older and disabled Americans should use the HUD \"Worst Case\" report as a basis for establishing your local \"Worst Case Housing Needs of People with Disabilities\" in your specific county or city.\nObviously, you must include people who are institutionalized to show that persons in institutions are the Worst of the Worst Cases.\nYou can now approach your Housing Authorities, persuade them that institutionalized people must be give the highest Preference or at the least a certain number of new admissions each year that will be given preference.\nDemand that a certain number of Housing Voucher \"turn overs\"/ \"attrition rates\" be used to transition people out of these institutions.\nRemember, that annually Housing Authorities must write an Annual Plan which is then submitted as part of a Consolidated Plan. These are supposed to reflect housing needs.\nDoes your Housing Authority (including the 25 MTW authorities) give a \"preference\" for persons with disabilities who are in institutionalized because they cannot afford to live in the community? Does it even list these people as having a \"need.\"? Have you met with your Housing Authority officials to discuss revising their Voucher \"preferences\" so that people with disabilities in institutions become a high preference?\nHave you discussed potentially use these Vouchers so that people with disabilities could leave the institution?\nWhat about discussing this option with your State Money Follows the Person officials? With your Medicaid officials? With your Governor's office which wants desperately to save general revenue funds?\n-Steve Gold, The Disability Odyssey continues\nJun 7, 2011 11:07:47 AM | Current Affairs, Disability Community, Disability Culture, Financial, Housing, Long-term Services and Supports, State News\nA System in Disarray: Mistreatment and Mismanagement at NY Institutions for People with Developmental Disabilities\nvia the NY Times (6.5.11):\nA Disabled Boy’s Death, and a System in Disarray\nby Danny Hakim\n...On a February afternoon in 2007, Jonathan, a skinny, autistic 13-year-old, was asphyxiated, slowly crushed to death in the back seat of a van by a state employee who had worked nearly 200 hours without a day off over 15 days. The employee, a ninth-grade dropout with a criminal conviction for selling marijuana, had been on duty during at least one previous episode of alleged abuse involving Jonathan...\nIn the front seat of the van, the driver, another state worker at Oswald D. Heck Developmental Center, watched through the rear-view mirror but said little. He had been fired from four different private providers of services to the developmentally disabled before the state hired him to care for the same vulnerable population.\nO. D. Heck is one of nine large institutions in New York that house the developmentally disabled, those with cerebral palsy, autism, Down syndrome and other conditions.\nThese institutions spend two and a half times as much money, per resident, as the thousands of smaller group homes that care for far more of the 135,000 developmentally disabled New Yorkers receiving services.\nBut the institutions are hardly a model: Those who run them have tolerated physical and psychological abuse, knowingly hired unqualified workers, ignored complaints by whistle-blowers and failed to credibly investigate cases of abuse and neglect, according to a review by The New York Times of thousands of state records and court documents, along with interviews of current and former employees...\nHow can recorded accounts of these institutions' mistreatment of residents and irresponsible management of funding be used to advocate for quality living situations for people with developmental disabilities? Please share your thoughts in comments below.\nJun 6, 2011 2:54:17 PM | Abuse, Americans with Disabilities Act, Bullying, Careers, Court Decisions, Crimes Against People with Disabilities, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Disability Culture, Disability History, Disability Statistics, Disability Stereotypes, Discrimination, Education, Emergency Preparedness, Employment, Financial, Health Care, Housing, jobs, Legislative, Long-term Services and Supports, Medicaid, Medicare, Public Attitudes, Research, Seclusion & Restraints, Self-Advocacy, Seniors, Social Security, State News, Transportation, Youth with Disabilities\nNational Ranking of Disability Services Released: Where Does Your State Stand?\nvia DisabilityScoop.com (4.28.11):\nVermont Tops National Ranking Of Disability Services\nVermont offers the best Medicaid services for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities while Mississippi provides the worst, according to an annual ranking released Thursday.\nThe 50-state analysis from United Cerebral Palsy compares services offered across the country, giving preference to states where more individuals are served in the community as opposed to institutions.\nVermont, Arizona, Michigan, New Hampshire and California fare best in the ranking. Meanwhile, the District of Columbia, Illinois, Texas, Arkansas and Mississippi round out the bottom of the list. (Find out where your state stands >>)...\n>>>For the Full Article\nHow do you feel this study relates to your personal experiences in your own state? Please share your thoughts in comments below.\nJun 6, 2011 11:37:21 AM | Americans with Disabilities Act, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Disability Culture, Disability History, Disability Statistics, Education, Employment, Financial, Health Care, Housing, jobs, Leadership Development, Legislative, Long-term Services and Supports, Medicaid, Medicare, Public Attitudes, Research, Seclusion & Restraints, Self-Advocacy, Seniors, Social Security, State News, Youth with Disabilities\nWhite House Monthly Disability Briefing\nvia AAPD (5.26.11):\nU.S. Departments of Transportation, Education and Labor Report Progress in Disability Rights Advocacy\nBy Jenifer Simpson, Government Affairs, AAPD\nOn Thursday May 27, 2011 AAPD participated again in the monthly disability outreach call that is hosted by Kareem Dale, Special Assistant to the President for Disability Policy. This briefing focused on recent efforts and some updates by the U.S. Departments of Transportation (DOT), Education (DOE) and Labor (DOL) on steps they are taking to implement and enforce non-discrimination of people with disabilities.\nThe U.S. Secretary of Transportation, Ray LaHood, provided an update of his department’s various efforts to ensure accessible transportation, stating that accessibility is “One of our highest priorities at DOT,” and noted the importance of accessible transportation to employment, shopping and other activities. He also stated that “All people have physical limitations and all can expect disabilities as they get older.”\nTravel: He said DOT will be celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Air Carriers Access Act (ACAA) in the fall with an event. He mentioned the ADA regulations issued in 2010 that ensure that boats and ships don't discriminate, that is, vessel operators cannot charge extra for accessibility related services, cannot require someone to have an attendant and must have knowledgeable people available with information about accessibility and to resolve concerns of people with disabilities. He also said DOT was working with the U.S. Access Board on several rulemakings for construction guidelines for passenger vessels and on accessible public rights of way, such as streets, sidewalks and intersections. He said that they were also working to finalize regulations on new and altered rail stations so people with disabilities can have access.\nAirplanes and Airports: LaHood said DOT would issue Notices of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRMs) soon. One will focus on airport and airline accessibility such as check-in areas, kiosks, airline websites, accessibility of in-flight entertainment, toilets on single-aisle planes, and service animals for psychiatric support. Another NPRM will focus on airport services such as service animal relief areas, captioning of waiting area TVs, and lifts used for getting on planes.\nEnforcement: LaHood reported on DOT efforts to conduct better ACAA enforcement noting settlements with air carriers last year and civil penalties ranging from$125,000 to over $2 million, the largest ever assessed by DOT for a non safety-related violation.\nRusslynn Ali, the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights at the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) then spoke about the Office of Civil Rights division (OCR) at DOE and made an announcement about accessible technology in education.\nEnforcement: She said that OCR has twelve regional offices around the nation that enforce Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act and Title II of the ADA. She said these offices field complaints from everyone and urged call listeners to contact these regional offices. She said that “Secretary Duncan wants to work proactively with schools, colleges and universities to ensure non-discrimination” and “to help with compliance on front end.” She said they have conducted nineteen compliance reviews over past the past two years, leading to improving education opportunities for many students with disabilities.\nAccessible Technology: In follow-up guidance that DOE sent in June 2010 to college and university presidents on accessible E-book readers and other technology, Assistant Secretary Ali has now sent a new guidance letter on technology for students with disabilities. This “Dear Colleague” letter was sent to elementary and secondary schools, institutions of higher education, school boards, school superintendents and others on May 26, 2011. Ali said the new guidance “makes it clear that any emerging technologies, especially E-book readers, needed to be fully accessible” or other accommodations to disability “made in a timely way.” She said that the guidance includes an FAQ and other material and suggestions for teachers and others be as proactive and responsive as possible. Letters and Guidance are below.\nPatricia Shiu, the Director of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) at the U.S. Department of Labor then spoke. She said OFCCP “is totally committed to full employment of people with disabilities, to have access to good jobs and to retain those jobs.” She noted that her office is one thirty of federal agencies that enforces civil rights and is “on the front lines for those who seek work and who are at work.” She said that “OFCCP was born in civil rights era.” She said that “those who contract and subcontract with the federal government must not discriminate in employment,” adding that “taxpayer dollars should never be used to discriminate.”\nShe said that one in four Americans works for a company with a federal contract, which is about 200,000 companies who receive over $700 million dollars annually. She said “enforcement actions should have positive ripple effect,” and her office has “a legal and moral responsibility to the public trust we hold.” She added that “being a federal contractor is a privilege, not a right, and they must abide by the law.”\nNew Regulations: Shiu said they were in the process of reforming the current OFCCP regulations. Last July 2010 they began the process with an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) on Section 503 non-discrimination requirements in the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. With receipt of comments from the ANPRM they have drafted a Proposed Rule on affirmative action and non-discrimination obligations of federal contractors and their subcontractors, sent to OMB on May 24, 2011, and which is under interagency review before it will be released for further public comments.\nMs. Shiu spoke about herself briefly, saying she had been a civil rights attorney for over 26 years, representing immigrants, people for whom English is a second language, garment workers, African American factory workers and people with disabilities. She said that “work is not about a paycheck but also about respect and self worth and financial security.” She added that “Workers want to be valued and want to work.” She also reiterated the Administration’s commitment to hire 100,000 people with disabilities over the next five years and that DOL is working on that.\nHousing Lawsuit: Following these federal department updates, Kareem Dale provided some updates such as on the recent filing of a suit by US DOJ against the owners, developers, designers and construction company for nine multi-family housing buildings in Louisiana, Mississippi and Tennessee. These complexes comprise over 2,000 apartments and the investigation is looking at accessibility of the apartments and access to the leasing offices among other issues.\nAccessible Money: Kareem Dale then mentioned the recent release by the U.S. Bureau of Engraving of a free downloadable app called “Eye Note.” This can be used by blind people on I-phones to read the denomination of money. Dale noted how “Technology when accessible, gives access” and send he uses the app himself.\nPresidential Citizen’s Medal: Dale said that the White House was still receiving nominations for the 2011 Presidential Citizens Medal, and that the close date was May 31 and encouraged listeners of the call to visit the website, see who has been nominated or to submit a nomination.\nFurther information from the briefing:--\nDOJ Housing Discrimination Press Release, at http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2011/May/11-ag-646.html\nEducation Department materials:\nTo read the Dear Colleague Letter to elementary and secondary schools, see http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/colleague-201105-ese.html.\nTo read the Dear Colleague Letter to institutions of higher education, see http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/colleague-201105-pse.html.\nThe FAQ is available at http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/dcl-ebook-faq-201105.html. To read the June 29, 2010 letter, see http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/colleague-20100629.html .\nFederal Contract Compliance: DOL-OFCCP, more information at http://www.dol.gov/ofccp/\nAir Travel: DOT-ACAA, more information at http://airconsumer.ost.dot.gov/publications/disabled.htm\nPresidential Citizens Medal: To nominate someone, go to the website at http://www.whitehouse.gov/citizensmedal\nHow do you feel about the steps DOL, DOT, and DOE are taking to implement and enforce non-discrimination of people with disabilities? Please share your thoughts in comments below.\nJun 3, 2011 9:04:20 AM | AAPD, Abuse, Americans with Disabilities Act, Careers, Court Decisions, Crimes Against People with Disabilities, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Disability Culture, Disability History, Disability Statistics, Disability Stereotypes, Discrimination, Education, Employment, Financial, Housing, jobs, Judicial, Leadership Development, Legislative, Long-term Services and Supports, Public Attitudes, Research, Seclusion & Restraints, Self-Advocacy, Technology / Telecommunications, Web/Tech\nAction Alert -- Tell U.S. Congress \"Don't Slash Medicaid!\"\nFrom AAPD (6.2.11):\nTell U.S. Congress: “Don't Slash Medicaid!”\nContact your Representatives and Senators to advocate against more proposals to slash funding for Medicaid.\nIt is critically important that Congress be made aware of our strong opposition to large cuts in the federal funding for Medicaid. These cuts are under serious consideration in on-going discussions in a current legislative package. The discussion involves linking an increase in the total amount of debt the federal government can incur with cuts in annual federal spending. The deadline for this legislative package is now set at August 3. This is the date on which the federal government believes it will be unable to pay existing debt if the debt ceiling is not increased. Our voices must be heard before then!\nBackground: There is a consensus that a failure to increase the debt ceiling by August 3 would have catastrophic consequences for the United States and global economies. At the same time, it is believed that it will not be possible to pass legislation to raise the debt ceiling without accompanying legislation to reduce the annual federal budget deficit.\nIn discussions about reducing federal spending, Medicaid is a natural target. In fiscal 2011, Medicaid cost $275 billion, about 7.6% of all federal spending. The cost will increase significantly over the next decade due to an aging population and increases in medical costs. The pressure to cut Medicaid will intensify because it will be difficult to make substantial cuts in the other large entitlement programs, Social Security and Medicare, because they have larger constituencies than Medicaid.\nProposals: There are a number of pending concepts for reducing Medicaid, and it may not be clear until close to August 3 which proposals will be seriously considered. In these circumstances the best approach for supporters of Medicaid is to make every Member of Congress (and the Administration) aware of our strong opposition to any proposals which would make major cuts. Our opposition needs to be expressed early and often.\nRyan Plan: The most prominent proposal is the Ryan plan that passed the House in May. The Ryan plan would reduce Medicaid funding by about $772 billion (about 35%) over the next decade compared to a status quo program. It would be left to the states to limit their programs to deal with reduced federal support. They are likely to curtail the services they cover and limit eligibility. The Ryan plan is unlikely to be accepted by the Senate.\nOther proposals: These are generally less specific than Ryan’s plan. Most would also lead to major cuts and consequential changes at the state level. These include proposals to limit all federal spending to a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), or to impose this type of limit on all health care programs, or all entitlement programs. It would be difficult to meet these limits without major cuts in Medicaid.\nSuggested Disability Talking Points:\nMedicaid is critical for the health care of 8 million people with disabilities.\nMedicaid pays for wheelchairs and prosthetic devices for people with disabilities such as spinal chord injury, cerebral palsy and other disabilities.\nMedicaid pays for prescription drugs for persons with mental illnesses and epilepsy and other medical conditions.\nMedicaid pays for programs to enable people with intellectual disabilities to live and work in the community.\nMedicaid’s Early and Periodic Screening Diagnosis & Treatment program helps identify children’s disabilities early and gets them the care they need.\nPending proposals for “block grants” and “global spending caps” would undermine these important programs by reducing funding for Medicaid. They would deny health and long term care to millions of vulnerable Americans.\nThe Ryan block grant plan would reduce funding over the next 10 years by $772 billion (35%) compared to continuation of the status quo. Global spending cap proposals would also lead to substantial reductions in Medicaid funding.\nReduced federal funding would compel the states -- that have serious financial problems of their own -- to sharply restrict enrollment, eligibility and benefits for the populations they now serve. These changes could impact many of the current waivers that support community-based living for people with disabilities. The changes could have a disproportionate impact on people with disabilities who rely on Medicaid to enhance their ability to live and work in their communities and to avoid costly and unnecessary institutionalizations.\nTen Advocacy Steps\nWrite or e-mail your Representatives and Senators today.\nCall your two U.S. Senators and U.S. House Representative in their local state offices to set up a time to meet when they are home next. Under the current schedule:\nU.S. House Members are expected to be in their districts June 4-12, June 25-July 5, and July 16-24. Make an appointment today!\nTo determine who is your U.S. Congressional Representative, please go to the official site at https://writerep.house.gov/writerep/welcome.shtml\nTo find out your U.S. Congressional Representative’s local address and phone numbers, go to http://www.house.gov/\nSenators are scheduled for a recess July 2-10. To find your U.S. Senator, go to http://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm\nThis list includes their Senate address and phone numbers. If you can only get a meeting with a staff person, do that too.\nIf you or someone you know with a disability benefits from Medicaid directly, be sure to mention that at the meeting.\nBe sure to write a letter (send snail mail) using the Talking Points above; organize a “Save Medicaid for Us” Letter Writing event.\nGo to Members’ websites and write them Emails or fill out the online form and let your opinion be heard. Organize an “Email to Save Medicaid” party.\nIf Members hold Town Meetings, show up, sit at the front and make the points above. If you have facts and figures about your state Medicaid program, be sure to mention that at the meeting. Tell ‘em what the cuts would really mean to you! Remember, personal stories stick in Members’ minds.\nBe sure to state that you are a “registered voter” in any letter or at any Town Meeting.\nIf you are not a registered voter, go to your state election website at http://tinyurl.com/29x7g5a and register today!\nIf you see letters to the editor or op eds or TV news items decrying wasteful Medicaid spending, be sure to respond quickly using the Talking Points above.\nLet AAPD know what you hear or learn in your meetings, via email to Policy@aapd.com We can take your information – without your name -- with us when we meet any Congressional Members or Administration officials.\nJun 2, 2011 5:29:08 PM | ***ACTION ALERTS***, AAPD, Court Decisions, Current Affairs, Disability Community, Disability Culture, Disability History, Disability Statistics, Discrimination, Financial, Health Care, Housing, Judicial, Legislative, Long-term Services and Supports, Medicaid, Medicare, Public Attitudes, Research, Seclusion & Restraints, Self-Advocacy, Seniors, Social Security, State News, Technology / Telecommunications, Youth with Disabilities\nJudge Rotenberg School Founder Steps Down After Indictment\nFrom Disability Rights International (5.26.11):\nDirector of Massachusetts \"Shock School\" Resigns After Being Indicted on Criminal Charges\nDear Supporters,\nToday, we can celebrate a small victory. The director of the Judge Rotenberg Center (JRC) of Massachusetts, which uses electric shocks to punish children and young adults with disabilities, has resigned in the face of criminal charges. Disability Rights International documented the use of electric shock and long-term restraints at this facility in our report Torture not Treatment published last year.\nMatthew Israel, founder and director of JRC, was charged with misleading a grand jury and destroying evidence in relation to an incident in 2007 in which a prank phone call to the center from a person posing as an employee led to two children with disabilities being given dozens of electrical shocks for absolutely no reason. One of these children was restrained and given 77 shocks over three hours.\nYesterday, Israel accepted a court settlement which requires him to resign as director, and sentences him to five years of probation...\n>>> For More from DRI\nMore Coverage Below\nvia The Washington Examiner (5.25.11):\nCourt indicts founder of Mass. special-education school\nvia NPR (5.26.11):\nFounder Forced To Leave Controversial Special Needs School\nvia the Canton Patch (5.26.11):\nJudge Rotenberg Center's Founder Responds to Indictment, Allegations\nvia The Boston Globe (5.25.11):\nRotenberg founder set to face charges\nMatthew Israel's tactics have been condemned as barbaric and savage by many top medical and mental health professionals.\nBy Patricia Wen and Brian McGrory\nThe founder of the controversial Judge Rotenberg Educational Center is scheduled to face criminal charges in Dedham today arising from a night in 2007 when two special needs teenagers at the center were wrongfully administered dozens of electrical shocks, according to the father of one of the victims and another person with knowledge about the case.\nIn a deal reached with the state attorney general's office, Matthew Israel, 77, is expected to be spared prison time in return for stepping down from the Canton-based center that he founded 40 years ago and accepting a five-year probationary term, said Charles Dumas, the father of one of the two victims in the 2007 case who said he spoke yesterday with prosecutors. As part of the agreement, the school's day-to-day activities will also be overseen by a court-approved monitor...\nThe Rotenberg Center consistently receives state approval to continuing operating, despite administering skin-shock treatments to students as a disciplinary measure. How can this story be used to advocate against the use of seclusion and restraints? Share your thoughts in comments below.\nMay 26, 2011 2:41:06 PM | Abuse, Court Decisions, Crimes Against People with Disabilities, Disability Community, Education, Housing, Judicial, Long-term Services and Supports, Seclusion & Restraints, State News, Youth with Disabilities\nJFA Moderator\nFrankie Mastrangelo is the moderator for both the Justice For All (JFA) national email listerv as well as for the JFActivist blog. She is also an organizer for the American Association of People with Disabilities in Washington, D.C.\nTwitter | AAPD\nLoren Spotts: Planning for Emergencies From the Archives of h... | more »\nOn Police Protection for Wheelchair Users\nhardwood flooring los angeles: well, this is very heartwarming...Im having thi... | more »\nOn A Thanksgiving Message from Sarah Peterson, Former JFA Moderator\nuterine fibroid treatment: im a first time mum with not exactly a lot of g... | more »\nOn A Guide for Supporting Vital Services at Upcoming HHS Meetings","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1835611"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7351686954498291,"wiki_prob":0.2648313045501709,"text":"Cameron Kent\nCameron Kent is a journalist and writer from Winston-Salem, North Carolina. He has published five novels: The Road to Devotion, When the Ravens Die, Make Me Disappear, The Sea is Silent, and Mayor Molly. His screenwriting credits include four films which have aired on NBC, HBO, Lifetime, and at the American Film Institute.\nAs a reporter and news anchor for WXII-12 News in Winston-Salem, Kent was nominated for 14 Emmy Awards, and won an Emmy for his reporting on the Pentagon after 9/11. In 2018 he was inducted into the North Carolina Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame.\nHe is originally from Alexandria, Virginia, and a graduate of Wake Forest University. His entire family is very active with Habitat for Humanity.\nWelcome to Virginia New Release\nChristmas Musical by Cameron Kent\n4 m, 2 w\nIt’s Christmas Eve, and the interstate in Virginia has closed due to major snowstorms. Frank, a brash billionaire businessman, and his secretary Kristine – who’s not the “sharpest bulb on the tree” – are forced to seek shelter in a highway rest area. They are soon joined by Tom, a hitchhiking wannabe country music singer, and Mary Beth, a young, very pregnant widow. Of course, Charlie, the rest area janitor, is stuck there even though he just wants to get home to dinner.\nBut this ...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1784508"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5626519322395325,"wiki_prob":0.5626519322395325,"text":"Zachary Gordon\nPurple Rain: A Memorial to Prince\n2016 continues to be a year highlighted by loss in the arts community. The morning of April 21, beloved Minneapolis artist and music superstar Prince Rogers Nelson was found dead in his home and recording...\nRemembering the Starman: a memorial to David Bowie\nDavid Bowie died last Sunday of cancer at age 69, two days after the release of his final studio album, “Blackstar.” After an 18-month battle with cancer which reportedly started in his liver, Bowie “died...\nChanges: sudden and not so new\nMany students come to Brandeis with a vague idea of what they want out of their time as an undergraduate, or even what they want out of their career after graduation, but many more come...\nBrandeis community comes together to interpret 1963 painting\nAs part of the Rose Art Museum’s “Close Looking Series,” Brandeis Fine Arts lecturer Scott Patrick Wiener hosted a discussion on James Rosenquist’s 1963 painting, “Two 1959 People” on Wednesday, Dec. 2. The painting was...\nPCC screens “Perks” for Mental Illness Awareness Week\nThe Psychological Counseling Center, in partnership with Brandeis Students for Disability Activism and Active Minds Brandeis, held a screening of the critically acclaimed film, “Perks of Being a Wallflower,” Friday, Oct. 9. The screening was...\nThis week in singles\nLast Friday, elusive and exceptional singer Sia released the first single from her upcoming album “This Is Acting.” According to Stereogum.com, the album will be composed of songs written for other artists or from other...\nMusicians step into the lamplight\nEvery Brandeis student recognizes “The Light of Reason” sculpture. It serves as a landmark on campus, and the gathering place for our first welcome as Brandeisians, but after that it often gets overlooked by much...\nPrince’s “HITNRUN: phase one” a hit?\nOn Monday, Sept. 7, veteran performance artist Prince released his 38th studio album, titled “HITnRUN phase one.” The album itself was only announced a month and a half ago and is still available, though only...\nIt’s one big improvisation\nAs Brandeis students, we have access to a plethora of classes and no shortage of fields to study. Because of this, we are encouraged to take courses outside our major and minor tracks, but a...\nBigger, louder, more teeth\nIn 1993, we were first introduced to the little theme park in the Caribbean where you can buy over-priced souvenirs and get eaten alive by a 65-million-year-old dinosaur with teeth the size of your forearm....","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1705006"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9656208753585815,"wiki_prob":0.9656208753585815,"text":"Lyle, John McIntosh\nLYLE, John McIntosh (1872-1945)\n(biography in preparation)\nThe following list of Lyle's principal executed works is based on source material noted below and on the comprehensive list of commissions compiled by Geoffrey Hunt and printed in his exhibition catalogue entitled John M. Lyle - Towards a Canadian Architecture, 1982. A supplementary list can be found in the recent monograph on Lyle written by Glenn McArthur entitled A Progressive Traditionalist: John M. Lyle Architect, 2009, 203-07.\nBANKS IN TORONTO\nIMPERIAL BANK, Bloor Street West at Lansdowne Avenue, 1907 (Toronto b.p. 6463, 1 March 1907; dwgs. at Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce Archives, Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Queen Street East at Lee Avenue, 1911 (Toronto b.p. 25099, 30 Jan. 1911; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Bloor Street West at Dovercourt Road, 1911 (Toronto b.p. 25107, 31 Jan. 1911; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Bloor Street East at Sherbourne Street, 1911 (Toronto b.p. 31443, 8 Nov. 1911; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, St. Clair Avenue West at Vaughan Road, 1911 (Toronto b.p. 25104, 31 Jan 1911)\nBANK OF OTTAWA, Broadview Avenue at Gerrard Street East, 1911 (Toronto b.p. 26410, 20 April 1911; Const., v, May 1912, 90-1, illus.; dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nBANK OF OTTAWA, Queen Street East at Pape Avenue, 1912 (Toronto b.p. 36850, 23 Aug. 1912; dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, St. Clair Avenue West at Dufferin Street, 1912 (Toronto b.p. 35844, 6 July 1912; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nBANK OF OTTAWA, Danforth Avenue at Logan Avenue, 1913 (C.R., xxvii, 23 April 1913, 67)\nSTERLING BANK, Church Street at Dundas Street East, 1913 (Toronto b.p. 4082, 12 May 1913; C.R., xxvii, 23 July 1913, 74)\nDOMINION BANK, Roncesvalles Avenue at Howard Park Avenue, 1914 (Toronto b.p. 11497, 12 May 1914; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Danforth Avenue at Logan Avenue, 1914 (Toronto b.p. 12589, 19 June 1914; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Dundas Street West at McCaul Street, 1914; demol. (Toronto b.p. 13208, 13 July 1914)\nBANK OF TORONTO, Dundas Street West at Ossington Avenue, 1918 (Const., xi, April 1918, 116, illus.; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Dundas Street West at Medland Street, 1918 (dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Dupont Street at Christie Street, 1920 (Toronto b.p. 28745, 1 March 1920; Const., xv, May 1922, 146-49, illus.)\nBANK OF TORONTO, St. Clair Avenue West at Christie Street, 1920 (Toronto b.p. 30756, 6 May 1920; Const., xv, May 1922, 146-49, illus.)\nBANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, New Toronto, Lake Shore Road at Sixth Street, 1920 (dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, New Toronto, Lake Shore Boulevard West at Ninth Street, 1920 (C.R., xxxiv, 12 May 1920, 55)\nDOMINION BANK, Dufferin Street at Lappin Avenue, 1921 (Toronto b.p. 37801, 1 April 1921; Const., xv, May 1922, 146-49, illus.)\nDOMINION BANK, Bloor Street West at Runnymede Road, 1921 (Toronto b.p. 41624, 19 July 1921; Const., xv, May 1922, 146-49, illus.)\nDOMINION BANK, Yonge Street at Eglinton Avenue East., 1922 (Toronto b.p. 54108, 7 Sept. 1922)\nBANK OF TORONTO, College Street near Dovercourt Road, 1922 (Const., xv, May 1922, 146-49, illus.)\nDOMINION BANK, Dundas Street West at Runnymede Road, 1924 (Toronto b.p. 73839, 28 Aug. 1924)\nDOMINION BANK, Davenport Road at Laughton Avenue, 1927 (Toronto b.p. 97344, 7 April 1927)\nDOMINION BANK, Long Branch, Lakeshore Boulevard West, 1928 (R.A.I.C. Journal, xiv, Sept. 1937, 176-78, illus. & descrip.; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nDOMINION BANK, Scarborough, Danforth Avenue at Danforth Road, 1928 (C.R., xlii, 11 April 1928, 57)\nDOMINION BANK, Yonge Street at Gerrard Street West, 1929-30 (Telegram [Toronto], 23 Sept. 1930, 13, illus. & descrip.; Const., xxiv, Feb. 1931, 47-8, 50-52, illus. & descrip.; R.A.I.C. Journal, ix, March 1932, 67, illus.; xiv, Sept. 1937, 178-79, illus. & descrip.; W. Dendy & W. Kilbourn, Toronto Observed, 1986, 224-25, illus. & descrip.)\nDOMINION BANK, Davenport Road at Dovercourt Road, Toronto, 1929 (Toronto b.p. B5263, 15 March 1929)\nDOMINION BANK, Yonge Street at Marlborough Avenue, 1929 (Toronto b.p. B8043, 5 June 1929; R.A.I.C. Journal, xiv, Sept. 1937, 176-77, illus.)\nDOMINION BANK, Yonge Street at Lawrence Avenue West, 1929 (Toronto b.p. 12437, 9 Nov. 1929; R.A.I.C. Journal, xiv, Sept. 1937, 176, 178, illus. & descrip.)\nDOMINION BANK, Avenue Road at Davenport Road, 1931 (Toronto b.p. 22665, 2 April 1931; R.A.I.C. Journal, ix, March 1932, 68, illus.)\nDOMINION BANK, Old Forest Hill Road at Eglinton Avenue West, 1933 (Toronto Dominion Bank Archives, correspondence)\nBANKS OUTSIDE TORONTO\nWINDSOR, N.S., Bank of Nova Scotia, 1908 (dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nCORNWALL, ONT., Sterling Bank, c. 1910 (G. Hunt, 134)\nPALMERSTON, ONT., Sterling Bank, c. 1910 (G. Hunt, l34)\nWATFORD, ONT., Sterling Bank, c. 1910 (G. Hunt, 134)\nPORT DALHOUSIE, ONT., Sterling Bank, c. 1910 (G. Hunt, 134)\nHAMILTON, ONT., Imperial Bank, James Street South, 1910-11; demol. 1961 (C.R., xxiv, 16 Nov. 1910, 28, t.c.)\nPETROLIA, ONT., Metropolitan Bank, 1911 (dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nST. CATHARINES, ONT., Sterling Bank, St. Paul Street, 1912 (C.R., xxvi, 27 March 1912, 72; St. Catharines Daily Standard, 31 Dec. 1912, 1, descrip.)\nOSHAWA, ONT., Dominion Bank, 1917 (C.R., xxxi, 11 April 1917, 43, t.c.)\nPRESTON, ONT., Bank of Toronto, 1919 (C.R., xxxiii, 23 July 1919, 43, t.c.)\nMEAFORD, ONT., Bank of Toronto, 1919 (dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nORILLIA, ONT., Dominion Bank, 1919 (C.R., xxxiii, 8 Oct. 1919, 46, t.c.)\nST. ANDREWS, N.B., Bank of Nova Scotia, Water Street at King Street, 1920 (J. Leroux & T. Holownia, St. Andrews Architecture 1604-1966, 2010, Item 17, illus.)\ndwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nOTTAWA, ONT., Bank of Nova Scotia, Sparks Street, 1923-24 (Ottawa Journal, 16 Feb. 1925, 10 and 16, illus. & descrip.; Const., xviii, March 1925, 70-75, 86, illus. & descrip.; C.R., xxxix, 8 April 1925, 350, illus. & descrip.; Architectural Forum [New York], xlviii, June 1928, 809-10, illus.; H. Kalman, History of Canadian Architecture, 1994, 754-5, illus. & descrip.; dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nTIMMINS, ONT., Dominion Bank, 1923 (C.R., xxxviii, 13 Feb. 1924, 65, illus. in advert.)\nHUNTSVILLE, ONT, Dominion Bank, 1925 (dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\n(with D.J. Spence) MONTREAL, QUE., Dominion Bank, Bleury Street at Ste. Catherine Street West, 1927-28 (R.A.I.C. Journal, vi, March 1929, 84, illus.; xiv, Sept. 1937, 179-80, illus. & descrip.)\nGRAVENHURST, ONT., Dominion Bank, 1928 (C.R., xlii, 21 March 1928, 68, t.c.; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nHAMILTON, ONT., Dominion Bank, Barton Street East at Kenilworth Avenue North, 1929 (C.R., xliii, 2 January 1929, 46; dwgs. at Toronto Dominion Bank, Premises Div., Toronto)\nCALGARY, ALTA., Bank of Nova Scotia, Eighth Avenue West, 1929 (R.A.I.C. Journal, viii, March 1931, 80; xiv, Sept. 1937, 179-80, illus.; Calgary Herald, 23 Jan 1930, 22, illus. & descrip.; H. Kalman, History of Canadian Architecture, 1994, 755-6, illus. & descrip.; Tim Morawetz, Art Deco Architecture Across Canada, 2017, 17-19, illus. & descrip; dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nOSHAWA, ONT., Central Canada Loan & Savings Co., Simcoe Street North, 1929 (R.A.I.C. Journal, viii, March 1931, 80, 85, illus. & descrip.)\n(with Andrew R. Cobb) HALIFAX, N.S., Bank of Nova Scotia, Head Office Building, Hollis Street at Prince Street, 1930-31 (R.A.I.C. Journal, ix, Jan. 1932, 2, 5-13, illus. & descrip.; March 1932, 66, 68, illus.; Halifax Herald, 3 Aug. 1931, 8; 4 Aug. 1931, 6, illus. & descrip.; Money Matters-A Critical Look at Bank Architecture, 1990, 169-71, 219-21, illus.; Tim Morawetz, Art Deco Architecture Across Canada, 2017, 21-23, illus. & descrip.; dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\nWINGHAM, ONT., Dominion Bank, 1933 (G. Hunt, 140)\nSUDBURY, ONT., Dominion Bank, Durham Street South, 1937 (G. Hunt, 141)\nSAINT JOHN, N.B., Bank of Nova Scotia, Charlotte Street, 1939 (C.R., lii, 19 April 1939, 45; dwgs. at Bank of Nova Scotia Archives, Toronto)\n(works in Toronto unless noted)\nHAMILTON, ONT., \"Gateside\", a residence for William Hendrie Jr., Aberdeen Avenue at Ravenscliffe Avenue, 1905 (Spectator [Hamilton], 4 Aug. 1905; inf. Robert Hamilton, Hamilton, Ont.)\nBEDFORD ROAD, at Elgin Avenue, for Alexander Bruce, 1906 (Toronto b.p. 4356, 22 June 1906)\nBEAUMONT ROAD, near the Glen Road Bridge, for George Robinson (Toronto b.p. 5046, 25 Aug. 1906; Const., iii, July 1910, 79, illus.)\nAVONDALE ROAD, residence for the architect, 1908 (Const., iv, Nov. 1911, 66-68, illus. & descrip.; C.H.G., x, Sept. 1933, 14-15, illus.; xvi, May 1939, 38-39, illus.)\nJARVIS STREET, at Wellesley Street East, residence of Sir William Mulock, new sunroom and conservatory, 1909 (Toronto b.p. 16128, 29 June 1909; Const., v, Dec. 1911, 60-63, illus.)\nST. CLAIR AVENUE WEST, near Deer Park Crescent, for Hugh S. Steven, 1910 (Const., iii, July 1910, 80)\nWELLS HILL ROAD, at Walmer Road, for John Bayne MacLean, 1911 (Const., iv, Nov. 1911, 52-56, illus.; Toronto Society of Architects Exhibit Catalogue, 1912, 135, illus.; Architectural Conservancy of Ontario, 80 for 80: Celebrating 80 Years of the A.C.O., 2013, 162-63, illus. & descrip.)\nNANTON AVENUE, at Elm Avenue, for W.R. Johnston, 1911 (Const., v, Dec. 1911, 60-63, illus.)\nCARLAW AVENUE, at Wroxeter Avenue, for George Oakley, 1912 (dwgs. at Building Records Div., City of Toronto)\nROSEDALE ROAD, near Arundel Road, for John L. Coulson, 1913 (Toronto b.p. 5073, 14 June 1913; R.A.I.C. Journal, v, July 1928, 258, illus.; OA, Kertland Coll., 485)\nGLENROSE AVENUE, for John B. Hutchins, 1921 (OA, Kertland Coll., 99)\nCLUNY AVENUE, at Rosedale Road, for G. Temple McMurrich, 1921 (OA, Kertland Coll., 101)\nROSEDALE ROAD, at Cluny Avenue, for Ernest G. West, 1922 (Toronto b.p. 47870, 30 March 1922)\nFOREST HILL ROAD, for Clarence A. Bogert, 1923 (C.R., xxxvii, 9 May 1923, 53; R.A.I.C. Journal, ii, July-Aug. 1925, xvii, illus. in advert; iv, May 1927, 168-69, 173, illus.; v, July 1928, 267, illus.)\nANCASTER, ONT., 'Wynnstay', for F.F. Dalley, 1925 (R.A.I.C. Journal, iv, May 1927, 168, 170, illus.; C.H.G., viii, Feb. 1931, 22-27, illus.)\nHIGHLAND AVENUE, for Dr. D. King Smith, 1926 (Toronto b.p. 87064, 20 Feb. 1926; R.A.I.C. Journal, iv, Sept. 1927, xvii, illus. in advert.; ix, Nov. 1932, 252, illus.)\nFRYBROOK ROAD, for Mrs. R.J. Christie, 1927 (R.A.I.C. Journal, ix, April 1932, 102-03, illus.; June 1932, 139-40, illus.; C.H.G., xi, Aug-Sept. 1934, 35-37, illus.)\nTEDDINGTON PARK AVENUE, for Frederick W. Cowan, 1929 (Toronto b.p. 9223, 17 July 1929; C.H.G., ix, Feb. 1932, 32-33, illus.; R.A.I.C. Journal, xiii, June 1936, x, illus. in advert.)\nORILLIA, ONT., for W. Robert Johnston, 1929 (C.H.G., viii, Feb. 1931, 36-37, illus.; R.A.I.C. Journal, xi, Oct. 1934, 149, illus.)\nNORTH YORK, ONT, 'Annandale', for Col. Herbert A. Bruce, Bayview Avenue, 1931 (Toronoto Star, 13 March 1931, 33, descrip.)\nKINGSTON, JAMAICA, residence for the Local Manager of the Bank of Nova Scotia, 1932 (G. Hunt, 140)\nOSHAWA, ONT., 'Parkwood', for Col. Robert S. McLaughlin, new garden and reflecting pool, 1935 (C.H.G., xiii, Oct-Nov. 1936, 30-38, illus. & descrip.; R.A.I.C. Journal, xvi, March 1939, 63, illus.)\nINSTITUTIONAL & ECCLESIASTICAL\nHAMILTON, ONT., Central Presbyterian Church, Caroline Street South at Charlton Street West, 1907-08 (C.A..B., xx, May 1907, 103; The Presbyterian [Toronto] 27 May 1909, 649-51, illus. & descrip.; Toronto Society of Architects Exhibit Catalogue, 1909, 44, illus.)\n(with Carrere & Hastings) ROYAL ALEXANDRA THEATRE, King Street West near Simcoe Street, 1906 (Telegram [Toronto], 5 June 1906, 5; C.R., xvii, 20 June 1906, 14; C.A.B., xx, Oct. 1907, 165, illus.; Const., i, Nov. 1907, 37-43, illus. & descrip.)\nCHELTENHAM, ONT., Presbyterian Church, 1908 (The Presbyterian [Toronto], 27 Feb. 1908, 264, illus. & descrip.)\nNEWMARKET, ONT., Pickering College, 1909; burned 1981; restored (C.R., xxiii, 6 Jan. 1909, 21; OA, Quaker Society Coll., MS 303, Reel 52)\nGUELPH, ONT., Provincial Penitentiary & Prison Farm, 1910-11 (C.R., xxiii, 29 Dec. 1909, 22; Guelph Evening Mercury, 25 Sept. 1911, 1, 4-5, descrip.)\nGRAVENHURST, ONT., Presbyterian Church, 1910 (C.R., xxiv, 22 June 1910, 24, t.c.)\nROBINS LTD., Victoria Street at Richmond Street, office building (now the Engineer's Club), 1912 (Toronto b.p. 34354, 28 May 1912)\nSTOCK EXCHANGE, Bay Street near King Street West, 1912-13; demol. 1934 (C.R., xxvi, 17 Jan 1912, 68; Globe [Toronto], 10 Sept. 1913, 9, illus. & descrip.; C.R., xxviii, 18 Feb. 1914, 211-12, illus. & descrip.)\nROYAL CANADIAN YACHT CLUB, Centre Island, addition to the Clubhouse and new verandahs, 1912 (C.R., xxvi, 24 Jan 1912, 64)\nCONSERVATORY OF MUSIC, University Avenue at College Street, auditorium and practice rooms, 1914; demol. 1965 (Toronto b.p. 12495, 15 June 1914)\nPEARSON HALL FOR BLIND SOLDIERS, Beverley Street at Baldwin Street, an addition to the George Brown mansion, 1920 (Toronto b.p. 28250, 6 Jan. 1920)\nRUNNYMEDE PUBLIC LIBRARY, Bloor Street West at Glendonwynne Road, 1929-30 (C.R., xliii, 30 Jan. 1929, 101, illus. & descrip.; R.A.I.C. Journal, vii, Jan. 1930, 29, illus.; Dec. 1930, 430-37, illus. & descrip.; Const., xxiii, Sept. 1930, 285-6, 295-6, illus. & descrip.; Tim Morawetz, Art Deco Architecture Across Canada, 2017, 84, illus. & descrip.)\n(with Mathers & Haldenby), WHITNEY HALL, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, Women's Residence, St. George Street at Hoskin Avenue, 1930-31 (Toronto Star, 4 July 1930, 29, descrip.; Const., xxiii, June 1930, 192; xxiv, Oct. 1931, 308-18, illus. & descrip.; R.A.I.C. Journal, viii, Dec. 1931, 412, illus.)\nWELLINGTON STREET WEST, at Windsor Street, stable buildings for Dominion Transport Co., 1906 (Toronto b.p. 5893, 9 Nov. 1906)\nHYDRO ELECTRIC POWER COMMISSION, transformer stations at Kitchener, Guelph, London, Niagara, Dundas and Toronto, c. 1910 (G. Hunt, 134)\nDUNDAS STREET EAST, at River Street, factory for the Adam Beck Cigar Box Manufacturing Co., 1912 (Toronto b.p. 92, 7 Oct. 1912)\nMACLEAN PUBLISHING CO., University Avenue at Edward Street, office building, 1913-14; demol.; (Toronto b.p. 8445, 6 Dec. 1913)\nBLOOR STREET WEST, near Bedford Road, office building for the architect, 1914; altered 1986 (dwgs. at Buildings Records Div., City of Toronto)\nCANADIAN AEROPLANES LTD., Dufferin Street at Lappin Avenue, factory, assemby plant, shops, garage, and sheds, 1917 (Toronto b.p.10634, 25 Jan 1917; Const., xii, Jan. 1919, 2-8, illus. & descrip.)\nDUNDAS STREET EAST, near River Street, tannery for Harry B. Johnston & Co., 1919 (Toronto b.p. 24870, 31 July 1919)\nOMEMEE, ONT., Empress Tannery, additions, 1920 (C.R., xxxiv, 31 March 1920, 62, t.c.)\nTHORNTON-SMITH CO., retail store, Yonge Street at Elm Street, 1921 (Const., xv, May 1922, 150, illus.; Architectural Record [New York], lii, Aug. 1922, 114, illus.)\nPEARL STREET, east of Simcoe Street, Stationery Warehouse and garage for the Bank of Nova Scotia, 1928; demol. (Toronto b.p. A5526, 20 Feb. 1928)\nEATON STORE, Yonge Street at Queen Street West, interiors alterations, new entrance, penthouse and stairs, 1936; demol. 1972 (Toronto b.p. 47725, 3 Feb. 1936; R.A.I.C. Journal, xvi, Feb. 1939, 38)\nPETERBOROUGH, ONT., Canadian General Electric Co., Park Street, addition to factory, 1940, 1941 (C.R. liii, 10 Jan. 1940, 28, t.c.; liv, 19 March 1941, 32)\nSTANDARD BRANDS LTD., Fraser Avenue at Liberty Street, warehouse & garage, 1942 (Toronto b.p. 74832, 17 March 1942)\nCOBALT, ONT., railway station for the Temiskaming & Northern Railway Co., 1909 (Evening Journal [Ottawa], 23 Aug. 1909, 4, descrip.; C.R., xxiii, 25 Aug. 1909, 22)\nMATHESON, ONT., railway station for the Temiskaming & Northern Railway Co., 1910 (C.R., xxiv, 13 April 1910, 31, t.c.)\nCOCHRANE, ONT., Union Station, for the Temiskaming & Northern Railway Co., 1909-10 (Evening Journal [Ottawa], 23 Aug. 1909, 4, descrip.; Const., iii, Sept. 1910, 51)\n(with Ross & MacDonald and Hugh G. Jones) UNION STATION, Front Street West at Bay Street, 1914-21; opened 1927 (Const., vii, May 1914, 199-202, illus. & descrip.; Canadian Railway & Marine World, xvii, June 1914, 262-64, illus. & descrip.; xxx, Oct. 1927, 567-76, illus. & descrip.; Architectural Review [London], xxxvii, April 1915, 79-81, illus. & descrip.; Railway Age [New York], lxxxiii, 24 Dec. 1927, 1243-50, illus. & descrip.; R. Bebout, The Open Gate-Toronto Union Station, 1972, 66-96, illus. & descrip.)\nKINGSTON, ONT., Memorial Arch for the Royal Military College, 1921-24 (Const., xiv, March 1921, 93, illus.; xviii, June 1925, 176, illus.; Architectural Forum [New York], xliv, Feb. 1926, 89-92, illus. & descrip.; R.A.I.C. Journal, iv, April 1927, 120)\n(with D.E. Kertland) DOWLING AVENUE, at Lakeshore Boulevard West, clubhouse for the Argonaut Rowing Club, 1922 (Const., xv, May 1922, 139-41, illus.)\nHAMILTON, ONT., Memorial Fountain, Gage Park, Main Street East, 1926 (Const., xxii, Jan. 1929, 17-18, illus.; R.A.I.C. Journal, vi, March 1929, 101, 108, illus.)\nWOODBINE RACE TRACK, Queen Street East at Kingston Road, new Paddock, Director's Building, and Members Grandstand for the Ontario Jockey Club, 1927-28 (C.R., xlii, 20 June 1928, 657-62, illus. & descrip.; Const., xxi, Sept. 1928, 296-303, illus. & descrip.)\nHAMILTON, ONT., High Level Bridge, York Boulevard over Coote's Paradise, 1930-32 (R.A.I.C. Journal, v, April 1928, 140-45, illus. & descrip.; x, Dec. 1933, 199, critique by Eric Arthur, 203; rebuttal by John Lyle, xi, Feb. 1934, 31; Const., xxv, July 1932, 167-68, illus. & descrip.; C.R., xlvi, 7 Sept. 1932, 1000-08, illus. & descrip.; Canadian Engineer, lxiii, 5 July 1932, 5-9, 33-4, illus. & descrip.; Mark Osbaldeston, Unbuilt Hamilton, 2016, 161-62, illus. & descrip.; Tim Morawetz, Art Deco Architecture Across Canada, 2017, 234, illus. & descrip.; dwgs. at the Royal Botanical Gardens Office, Hamilton)\nPROVIDENCE, R.I., Armoury, 1897. Lyle collaborated with the New York office of Howard & Cauldwell in preparing the drawings for this Beaux Arts design (Architectural Review [Boston], iv, 1 Nov. 1897, illus. plates)\nPHILADELPHIA, PENN., Philadelphia Soldier's Monument, Logan Square, 1902. The Buffalo architect George Cary, with John M. Lyle \"draftsman\" was one of 53 architects who prepared designs in this national competition. They received the 5th Prize of $200 for their scheme (New York Times, 26 March 1902, 1, list of finalists; Monumental News [Chicago], xiv, May 1902, 283, descrip of competition). Cary & Lyle later exhibited their drawings in New York in 1904 (Item 503 in the Catalogue of the 19th Annual Exhibition of The Architectural League of New York, 1904, 20, list; 47, list). The competition was won by Lord & Hewlett of New York (inf. Robert Hamilton, Hamilton, Ont.)\nWASHINGTON, D.C., Freedman's Hospital, 1904. There were 22 American architectural firms who submitted designs in this national competition, including the prominent Buffalo, N.Y. architect George Cary who joined with John M. Lyle, architect who was living and working in Buffalo at this time. They were one of 10 finalists, and received a prize of $200 for their effort (Evening Star [Washington], 22 Dec. 1904, 14, illlus. & descrip. of competition; inf. Robert Hamilton, Hamilton, Ont.). The winner was Bruce Price of New York, who teamed up with John Russell Pope, also of New York.\nHAMILTON, ONT., The Hamilton Club, Main Street East at James Street, rebuilding of the original 1882 building, with new facade, 1906. Lyle was one of three architects invited to submit plans for major additions and rebuilding of the existing structure. Although he won the competition, his proposal proved to be too costly, and his scheme was set aside (Mark Osbaldeston, Unbuilt Hamilton, 2016, 104-05, illus. & descrip.)\nOTTAWA, ONT., Departmental & Justice Buildings, Major's Hill Park, 1907. From thirty submissions Lyle placed sixth with a design 'in the domestic Tudor Gothic style, well massed and dignified, but somewhat cold, heavy and plain in treatment' (C.A.B., xx, Sept, 1907, 184; Architectural League of America, The Architectural Annual 1907, illus. plates). The competition was won by E. & W.S. Maxwell, but their scheme was never built.\nHAMILTON, ONT., Public Library, 1910. Lyle submitted a classically inspired Beaux Arts design with a central rotunda for which he received the Second Prize (Const., iii, Sept. 1910, 52, illus.; Mark Osbaldeston, Unbuilt Hamilton, 2016, 106-10, illus. & descrip.). Walter Pavey was declared winner, but the commission later went to A.W. Peene\nHALIFAX, N.S., National Memorial, 1910. Lyle received Third Prize for his design (Const., iii, Aug. 1910, 46, illus.). The firm of Sharp & Brown were declared winners.\nTORONTO, ONT., Bank of Toronto, King St. West at Bay Street, 1910. Lyle's reserved design was unusually modest for this highly visible site (Const., iii, Sept. 1910, 50, illus.). His scheme was no match for the winning proposal submitted by his former employers Carrere & Hastings of New York.\nTORONTO, ONT., Knox College, University of Toronto, St. George Street, 1911. The scheme by Lyle was surprisingly uninspired, drawing heavily on the motifs and forms used in University College to the northeast (Const., iv, Feb. 1911, 56-8, illus. & descrip.). Chapman & McGiffen were awarded First Premium.\nTORONTO, ONT., Government House, a residence for the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, Chorley Park, 1911. Lyle received 3rd Prize for his entry in this invited competition (Const., iv, May 1911, 55-9, illus. & descrip.). The commission was awarded to George W. King, but was not built to his design.\nTORONTO, ONT., Masonic Temple, Spadina Road, 1914. Lyle was awarded 2nd Prize of $750 for his design (Const., vii, May 1914, 186-90, illus. & descrip.). Harry P. Knowles of New York won the competition, but his scheme was not built and the site relocated to Yonge Street at Davenport Road in 1919.\nOTTAWA, ONT., New Departmental & Courts Buildings, Wellington Street, west of Parliament Hill, 1914. Just seven years after he had submitted a proposal for new government buildings in Major's Hill Park to the east, Lyle submitted a breathtaking and visionary Edwardian scheme for this complex (Charles C. Hill, edit., Artists, Architects & Artisans - Canadian Art 1890-1918, 2013, 242, illus. & descrip.). More than 60 competitors from Commonwealth countries sent in drawings for this complex. Once again the federal government shelved the entire project. The original drawing by Lyle is now held at the CCA, Montreal (CCA DR 1986-0446)\nCHICAGO, ILL., Chicago Tribune Tower, 1922. Four Canadians submitted designs in this internationally significant competition. The scheme by Lyle was disappointingly unadventurous (The International Competition for a New Administration Building for the Chicago Tribune, 1923, Plate 180; Const., xvi, Feb. 1923, 61-2, illus.). It could not compare with progressive designs by luminaries such Walter Gropius, Eliel Saarinen, Bruno Taut and others. The competition was won by Hood & Howells of New York.\nOTTAWA, ONT., Dominion Coin Competition, 1936. As an articulate advocate of Canadian motif in contemporary design Lyle suggested that new coinage should incorporate stylized images of flora and fauna from the Canadian landscape (R.A.I.C. Journal, xiv, Dec. 1937, 262, illus.).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1423011"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9228942394256592,"wiki_prob":0.9228942394256592,"text":"23,700 security staff for Olympics\nPublished: 4:30 PM January 2, 2012\nMore than 13,500 military personnel will be used to provide security during the London 2012 Olympic Games.\nThe Army, the Royal Air Force and the Royal Navy are expected to provide service personnel who will make up an estimated 23,700 security staff which the Department for Culture, Media and Sport thinks will be needed to police the Olympic Games. It is more than double the original 10,000 estimate.\nMinisters have also revealed that the security budget has gone up from �282 million to �553 million.\nDefence Secretary Philip Hammond said although the Games would present the “biggest security challenge” for decades, the military deployment had become routine since the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.\nSnipers in helicopters, based on HMS Ocean in the Thames, near Greenwich, are expected to patrol the skies over the capital during the Games when Typhoon fighter jets will be based at RAF Northolt in London.\nThe MoD will also provide specialist support for civilian authorities with special forces, bomb disposal capability and military search capabilities and specialist sniffer dogs.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1153594"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7423965930938721,"wiki_prob":0.25760340690612793,"text":"Postgraduate Scholarships in Canada: Jeanne Sauvé Foundation Leadership Program\nThe Jeanne Sauvé Foundation is pleased to announce that it is currently accepting applications for the Jeanne Sauvé Public Leadership Program. The Jeanne Sauvé Public Leadership\nProgram is a unique fellowship opportunity:\nYear one consists in a full-time intensive residential phase in Montreal for a group of a dozen select Fellows.\nYear two is a part-time field phase tailored to each individual Fellow’s activities in their respective communities and countries.\nResidential Phase - Full Time\nTwelve emerging public leaders from Canada and around the world who share a passion for strengthening culturally diverse societies live together in a beautifully restored historic home in the heart of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.\nFellows collectively design and undertake a facilitated project that culminates in a series of public engagement activities addressing the challenge of strengthening culturally diverse societies through public leadership.\nWhile in residence, Fellows benefit from:\nInteraction with a thriving network of public leaders\nAccess to resources (including the auditing of courses) at McGill University, our program’s academic home, and at Concordia University, our academic partner\nTailored leadership development programming with a focus on the skills necessary for public leadership\nPersonal coaching in support of participants’ leadership development\nGuidance from academic and professional mentors at the top of their fields\nThe time, space and liberty to pursue individual initiatives in a supportive environment\nFree accommodation at Jeanne Sauvé House.\nA stipend to cover basic costs of living in Montreal\nThe residential phase of the Jeanne Sauvé Public Leadership Program represents a full-time (40 hours per week) commitment.\nOn average, about half of participants’ time (20 hours per week) is devoted to the common program, including time spent working on the collective project. Their remaining time is devoted to individual pursuits and personal reflection in a supportive, semi-structured environment.\nField Phase - Part Time\nFellows continue on their individual public leadership journeys – either in their home countries or elsewhere, and either through continued work or study. During this phase, participants:\nReceive ongoing support from Sauvé mentors, partners, personal coaches and the Jeanne Sauvé Foundation;\nContinue to exchange with their fellow program participants on a regular basis\nReport consistently to the Foundation.\nHave access to the Fellows’ Collaboration Fund\nThe field phase of the Jeanne Sauvé Public Leadership Program requires a commitment of about 8 hours per month.\nParticipation happens remotely, via phone, Skype, or Email, as participants may be living anywhere in the world. Fellows who wish to collaborate more extensively are encouraged to do so during this phase. At the conclusion of the Field Phase of the program, participants are expected to return to Montreal for the program’s Concluding Session.\nOver about a week, participants formally report to the Jeanne Sauvé Foundation and to one another on how they have applied – and plan to apply – what they learned through the program.\nThis Concluding Session overlaps with the arrival of a new cohort of program participants, allowing Jeanne Sauvé Fellows from two distinct cohorts to begin to collaborate and exchange.\nGlobal Fellowship\nAfter completing the program, participants continue to exchange, learn, and take action as part of a growing network of Jeanne Sauvé Fellows.\nThis global community of public leaders collaborates across cultures, countries, disciplines and sectors to address issues of global significance.\nFor more information on the Jeanne Suave Foundation, Follow link to visit the Website.\nTo apply, follow this Link to access the Application Page","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1735867"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7502983212471008,"wiki_prob":0.7502983212471008,"text":"The director of the CIA secretly helped produce Hollywood's biggest movie about the Osama bin Laden raid\nNext 'The Visit' is not a return to form for M. Night Shyamalan\nPrevious Here's how director M. Night Shyamalan was able to make his new thriller 'The Visit' in just 30 days with only $5 million\n\"Zero Dark Thirty\" has always been controversial. The movie depicted the CIA's hunt for Osama bin Laden and the eventual Navy SEAL raid that killed him.\nEven before it was released in December 2012, the movie had kicked off a firestorm among both politicians and citizens.\nContaining details and narratives that weren't included in previous news reports about the May 2, 2011 raid, \"Zero Dark Thirty\" also raised questions about the CIA's involvement in the making of the movie.\nDeclassified documents from 2013 revealed the CIA did indeed work with Mark Boal, the movie's screenwriter, on the script. Boal vetted CIA members for feedback and made changes accordingly, such as removing a scene where an agent drunkenly fires his AK-47 into the air. He also made Maya, the movie's main character, less involved in torture scenes.\nNot only did the CIA provide privileged information to Boal, but Leon Panetta, the Director of the CIA under President Obama from 2009 to 2011, personally offered to help Boal with obtaining information from the CIA while writing a screenplay and gave him classified information about the bin Laden raid, according to new documents obtained by Vice.\nKathryn Bigelow and Mark Boal made \"Zero Dark Thirty\" with the goodwill and cultural capital that came out of making \"The Hurt Locker\" in 2009.\nBoal's next project after \"The Hurt Locker\" was supposed to be called \"Tora Bora\". It was intended to be about the US's failure to capture Osama bin Laden. That was before bin Laden was caught and killed.\nHe then changed tack and starting writing the script that eventually became \"Zero Dark Thirty.\" For research, he could rely on Panetta, who offered Bigelow and Boal help with the creation of \"Tora Bora,\" according to the documents obtained by Vice.\nDays after the bin Laden raid, Boal met with officials in the CIA and other counterterrorist units to discuss ethical violations by CIA officers involved in the raid. Panetta, Bigelow, and Boal had all met earlier — the three sat at the same table at the 2010 Washington Correspondents' Association. Panetta had first met Bigelow earlier that year at another dinner in Washington.\nOn June 24, 2011, long before the Oscars, the CIA held an awards ceremony of its own — honoring the people who were involved in the hunt to find bin Laden. The organization invited Boal as well, though an internal inspection by the CIA found conflicting information about whether or not Panetta himself approved of the invitation. Panetta gave a speech at the dinner, part of which was classified. Though Boal has no classification status, he was at the ceremony and was therefore exposed to the classified information.\nThroughout Boal and Bigelow's research for \"Zero Dark Thirty\", they met with CIA officials to gather information to maintain accuracy about the events, characters, and atmosphere of the film. They frequently treated officials to meals and drinks totaling more than $1,000 and also purchased gifts for some of them.\nFollowing the release of \"Zero Dark Thirty\", the CIA changed its procedures for interacting with the entertainment industry. It issues new procedures to insure the protection of classified information and created a new centralized record-keeping system for requests from the industry.\nThe ethical violations Boal and Panetta talked about shortly after the raid can be traced to the depiction of torture in the film. Many politicians and pundits interpret the film as an implicit depiction of torture because it was successfully used to find information that led to bin Laden's capture. The day \"Zero Dark Thirty\" was released, Dianne Feinstein, the chair of the Senate Intelligence Committee, penned a sharp letter addressed at Sony, the movie's producer, accusing them of misrepresenting the CIA's use of torture.\n\"As you know, the film graphically depicts CIA officers repeatedly torturing detainees and then credits these detainees with providing critical lead information on the courier that led to...Bin Laden,\" Feinstein wrote. \"The use of torture in the fight against terrorism did severe damage to America’s values and standing that cannot be justified or expunged ... You have a social and moral obligation to get the facts right.\"\nFeinstein has a long, complicated relationship with the CIA; she dogged them for years until they finally released a truncated and partially censored version of their torture report, recounting in detail their use of torture in the post-9/11 Bush era, last year. The report also says that torture had nothing to do with the finding of Osama bin Laden.\nThe Senate Intelligence Committee also launched an investigation in January 2013 into contacts between the CIA and the makers of \"Zero Dark Thirty\", but dropped it a month and a half later.\nPeter King, then the chair of the House Committee on Homeland Security (he is still a member of it), also criticized the movie for its depiction of torture and launched a separate inquiry about the possibility of leaked classified information from the CIA to Boal. King is still demanding a public accounting from the Obama administration on the subject, according to Vice.\nSEE ALSO: A US senator walked out of 'Zero Dark Thirty' after 15 minutes because it was so 'false'\nNOW WATCH: Here's why the new 'Star Wars' movie might stink\n//artworks839.rssing.com/chan-22990196/article7.html\n//badsender80.rssing.com/chan-71396393/index-page1.html\n//mejores11360.rssing.com/chan-4420083/index-page1.html\n//despondent74.rssing.com/chan-4419635/index-latest.php\n//aviator555.rssing.com/chan-49378665/index-latest.php\n//abenteuerspielplatz10.rssing.com/chan-49378819/article6.html\n//niall83.rssing.com/chan-22990483/index-page1.html\n//friar280.rssing.com/chan-22990043/index-page1.html\n//shirleesz3.rssing.com/chan-49378800/article29.html\n//crossing1287.rssing.com/chan-4419830/index-latest.php\n//metzger328.rssing.com/chan-55048071/index-latest.php\n//layer1738.rssing.com/chan-49378162/article3.html\n//samia103.rssing.com/chan-33442758/index-page1.html\n//cuotas82.rssing.com/chan-16252357/index-latest.php","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line741291"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7653484344482422,"wiki_prob":0.7653484344482422,"text":"ProMax Sold to Private Equity Firm\nApril 26, 2018 • by AE eMagazine • Bookmark +\nDAVENPORT, Iowa — Two weeks ago, John Palmer, who founded ProMax in 1994 as a special finance solutions provider, posted the following message: “I want to let all my friends and associates in the auto industry know that, after 23 amazing and wonderful years, I have sold ProMax.”\nToday, SNH Capital Partners, a San Diego, Calif.-based private firm, announced that it has acquired the automotive software provider. Financial terms of the transaction were not disclosed\n“We are extremely pleased to invest in ProMax, a dynamic market leader with a 20-year history of consistent product innovation. We are excited to gain the experience and capabilities of the valuable team in Davenport, including Darian Miller, chief technology officer, and Shane Born, chief operating officer,” said SNH CEO and Managing Director Jevin Sackett. “SNH has a significant track record of providing strategic and operational expertise to its portfolio companies. We look forward to working with ProMax’s management to both continue and augment its customer value proposition of excellent service and innovation over the long-term.”\nPalmer, who expanded ProMax’s product line into desking, CRM, finance menus, inventory management, reporting, and submission of credit applications in 1998, was not mentioned in the private equity firm’s press release. As for SNH, the addition of ProMax adds to its portfolio of automotive solutions companies, which includes data, credit, compliance, and fraud solutions provider National Credit Center.\nThe private equity firm describes itself as dedicated to acquiring companies in the lower middle-market. Its portfolio of companies includes providers of information, technology, and other business services to the automotive, financial services, human capital management, and energy sectors.\n“I want to thank all the fantastic people that I have had the privilege of working with these last 23 years,” Palmer wrote in his LinkedIn post. “You are the reason we were so successful for such a long time! I look forward to the future, new opportunities, and challenges!”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1699707"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7199965119361877,"wiki_prob":0.7199965119361877,"text":"Asteroid “Time Capsules” May Help Explain How Life Started on Earth\nNicolas Hud, director of the NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Hud was a panelist at a press briefing “Asteroids for Research, Discovery, and Commerce” at the 2018 annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). (Credit: Fitrah Hamid, Georgia Tech)\nDownload ImageMore photos\nPosted February 17, 2018 • Atlanta, GA\nIn popular culture, asteroids play the role of apocalyptic threat, get blamed for wiping out the dinosaurs – and offer an extraterrestrial source for mineral mining.\nBut for researcher Nicholas Hud, asteroids play an entirely different role: that of time capsules showing what molecules originally existed in our solar system. Having that information gives scientists the starting point they need to reconstruct the complex pathway that got life started on Earth.\nDirector of the NSF-NASA Center for Chemical Evolution at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Hud says finding molecules in asteroids provides the strongest evidence that such compounds were present on the Earth before life formed. Knowing what molecules were present helps establish the initial conditions that led to the formation of amino acids and related compounds that, in turn, came together to form peptides, small protein-like molecules that may have kicked off life on this planet.\n“We can look to the asteroids to help us understand what chemistry is possible in the universe,” said Hud. “It’s important for us to study materials from asteroids and meteorites, the smaller versions of asteroids that fall to Earth, to test the validity of our models for how molecules in them could have helped give rise to life. We also need to catalog the molecules from asteroids and meteorites because there might be compounds there that we had not even considered important for starting life.”\nHud was a panelist at a press briefing “Asteroids for Research, Discovery, and Commerce” February 17 at the 2018 annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Austin, Texas.\nNASA scientists have been analyzing compounds found in asteroids and meteorites for decades, and their work provides a solid understanding for what might have been present when the Earth itself was formed, Hud says.\n“If you model a prebiotic chemical reaction in the laboratory, scientists can argue about whether or not you had the right starting materials,” said Hud. “Detection of a molecule in an asteroid or meteorite is about the only evidence everyone will accept for that molecule being prebiotic. It’s something we can really lean on.”\nThe Miller-Urey experiment, conducted in 1952 to simulate conditions believed to have existed on the early Earth, produced more than 20 different amino acids, organic compounds that are the building blocks for peptides. The experiment was kicked off by sparks inside a flask containing water, methane, ammonia and hydrogen, all materials believed to have existed in the atmosphere when the Earth was very young.\nSince the Miller-Urey experiment, scientists have demonstrated the feasibility of other chemical pathways to amino acids and compounds necessary for life. In Hud’s laboratory, for instance, researchers used cycles of alternating wet and dry conditions to create complex organic molecules over time. Under such conditions, amino acids and hydroxy acids, compounds that differ chemically by just a single atom, could have formed short peptides that led to the formation of larger and more complex molecules – ultimately exhibiting properties that we now associate with biological molecules.\n“We now have a really good way to synthesize peptides with amino acids and hydroxy acids working together that could have been common on the early Earth,” he said. “Even today, hydroxy acids are found with amino acids in living organisms – and in some meteorite samples that have been examined.”\nHud believes there are many possible ways that the molecules of life could have formed. Life could have gotten started with molecules that are less sophisticated and less efficient than what we see today. Like life itself, these molecules could have evolved over time.\n“What we find is that these compounds can form molecules that look a lot like modern peptides, except in the backbone that is holding the units together,” said Hud. “The overall structure can be very similar and would be easier to make, though it doesn’t have the ability to fold into as complex structures as modern proteins. There is a tradeoff between the simplicity of forming these molecules and how close these molecules are to those found in contemporary life.”\nGeologists believe the Earth was very different billions of years ago. Instead of continents, there were islands protruding from the oceans. Even the sun was different, producing less light but more cosmic rays – which could have helped power the protein-forming chemical reactions.\n“The islands could have been potential incubators for life, with molecules raining down from the atmosphere,” Hud said. “We think the key process that would have allowed these molecules to go to the next stage is a wet-dry cycling like what we are doing in the lab. That would have been perfect for an island out in the ocean.”\nRather than a single spark of life, the molecules could have evolved slowly over time in gradual progression that may have taken place at different rates in different locations, perhaps simultaneously. Different components of cells, for example, may have developed separately where conditions favored them before they ultimately came together.\n“There is something very special about peptides, nucleic acids, polysaccharides and lipids and their ability to work together to do something they couldn’t have done separately,” he said. “And there could have been any number of chemical processes on the early Earth that never led to life.”\nKnowing what conditions were like on the early Earth therefore gives scientists a stronger foundation for hypothesizing what could have taken place, and could offer hints to other pathways that may not have been considered yet.\n“There are probably a lot more clues in the asteroids about what molecules were really there,” said Hud. “We may not even know what we should be looking for in these asteroids, but by looking at what molecules we find, we can ask different and more questions about how they could have helped get life started.”\nAtlanta, Georgia 30332-0181 USA\nMedia Relations Contact: John Toon (404-894-6986) (jtoon@gatech.edu).\nEmail: jtoon@gatech.edu","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1686177"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7366902828216553,"wiki_prob":0.2633097171783447,"text":"All About Asbestos\nOne of the most overlooked and misunderstood hazards in a home is asbestos. There are six types of asbestos with chrysotile being by far the most common in homes, making up about 95% of all asbestos in residential properties. However, all types of asbestos are known health and safety hazards.\nCanada banned the use of Asbestos except for extremely rare uses in 2018. The good news is that in home construction it is rare to find asbestos in residential properties built after 1986. The bad news is that asbestos can be literally anywhere in a home (especially homes built between approximately 1940-1960) and there is no way for an inspector or homeowner to confirm the presence of asbestos visually. There are, however, certain clues that strongly indicate to the home inspector the possibility of asbestos in older homes, including:\n9” X 9” Resilient (Vinyl) Floor Tile\nPipe Insulation, particularly with white tape.\nPopcorn Ceilings\nVermiculite (Zonolite) Insulation, as pictured.\nWhile this sounds very scary, the truth is that asbestos-containing products by themselves pose little to no danger: the issue comes when it is in a friable state, or in other words can be crumbled into small pieces. This can release microscopic fibres into the air that can potentially lead to an aggressive and deadly form of cancer known as Mesothelioma.\nIn many cases, especially when discussing flooring tiles or insulation, the best way to reduce the risk is to leave it alone while in others (such as in drywall) the best solution is to hire an abatement contractor to evaluate and remove asbestos, especially before renovation activities.\nIf there is one takeaway, the dramatic shots on TV of workers taking a sledgehammer to a wall is an extremely dangerous practice for many reasons (and those are topics for future posts) and can easily spread asbestos fibres in the air. Remember, there is no way to visually confirm asbestos without a professional laboratory and it is always best to assume a house built before 1986 has asbestos until proven otherwise.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line594691"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6768879890441895,"wiki_prob":0.32311201095581055,"text":"Custom-Writing > New Power Stations\nNew Power Stations\nThe increased demand of energy throughout the world has necessitated the use of available sources of energy effectively, as well as development of other renewable energy sources. The increase in population has increased demand of goods produced, which has in turn led to the development of diverse industries which produce goods to meet the existing demand. These industries consume a lot of power which depletes the energy resources we have.\nIt is therefore necessary to diversify the use of energy resources, as well as reduce energy use in order to ensure that the current and future generations have adequate energy resources (Armstrong and Blundell 2007: 62-69). Currently, there are many measures which have been taken to reduce the energy being consumed, and these include the manufacture of products which conserve energy. These range from energy saving bulbs to hybrid cars, and they are designed to use less energy.\nHowever, since it is impossible to completely reduce the use of energy to zero, it is important to seek alternative sources to supplement the current ones. In setting the criteria for alternative energy sources, it is important to diversify the sources as much as possible, in order to prevent over-reliance on one source (Laughton et. al. 1999: 5-12). It is important to analyse the options available before selecting a suitable criteria. Solar energy. This is energy collected directly from the sun through the use of solar panels which are mounted on walls or roofs of buildings.\nIt can also be used to generate electricity through use of a photovoltaic cell. In the UK, the average power generated through use of solar energy is 4000 kj for each metre square, but if only a quarter of the population in Britain had solar panels, over 30% of annual demand of energy would be met. Its advantage is that it is non polluting, renewable and requires little maintenance. Geothermal energy. This is energy collected from the earth’s crust. There are certain places where tectonic plates meet and geysers, hot springs and volcanoes exist.\nThere are limited geothermal sources in the UK, and one is located in Southampton, where water is pumped almost two kilometres below the ground. This energy source is renewable, has low pollution and has low maintenance costs. Its weakness is that it is only available in certain areas and not others. Wind energy. Wind energy is a very useful energy source and it is collected through windmills and used for a variety of uses. It can be used to pump water or power windmills, though in the modern world it is also used to generate electricity through turbines.\nUK has one of the best access to wind energy due to its location on the edge of the Atlantic. It is freely available, non-polluting and convenient, since a 20-wind-turbine can satisfy the power demands of a small town (Nagle 2002: 110-117). Wave energy. This is a source of energy which is harnessed from waves, and can be used to drive turbines which generate electricity. It can either use artificial waves created by man, or sea waves from the sea. It is similarly non-polluting, and is currently used in Scotland.\nIt has a weakness of unreliability in case waves are not sufficiently high (Ison et. al. 2002: 200-206). Hydro electric power. This is power which is generated from turbines which are placed in rivers and dams. The turbines rotate and generate electricity and they require fast flowing water. This necessitates the creation of dams which act as reservoirs and direct water to the turbine. Its advantage is that it is cheap to maintain once built, and its weakness is that it might destroy habitat and is expensive to construct (Houghton 2001: 220-231).\nBiomass. This is an energy source from animal waste and plant remains. The animal waste contains gases which can be burned to generate electricity. Plant materials such as hay or wood can also be burned to generate electricity (Smith 2005: 25-30). Its advantage is that it is renewable, though it has weakness such as environmental pollution through release of carbon dioxide which leads to green house effects. Selection criteria. In selection of the proportion of energy sources which Britain should use, it is important to analyze a few factors.\nThe first factor is the current use of renewable energy, and this is as follows; bio-fuels (79. 8%), solar (0. 4%,) wind (2. 9%) and hydro electricity (16. 3%). Another factor to consider is the pollution to the environment from the energy resources. Energy sources which pollute the environment should be discouraged, while those which do not should be encouraged (Hester et. al. 2003: 102-108). The cost of installing and maintaining the energy resources should also be analysed, and these costs should be kept as low as possible.\nThey should also match the economic ability of the country. Finally, the practicability and availability of the energy resource should be carefully analysed in order to find out if the resource is available and viable in the circumstances. Recommended proportion of renewable resources. After careful analysis of the energy resources in UK and following the selection criteria, I would recommend the reduction of the use of bio-fuels to about 5% of the total energy demand. This is attributed to the pollution which is associated with this form of energy use.\nThe use of hydro electric power and wave energy should be increased to 10% and 5% respectively since they are environmentally friendly and cheap to maintain. The use of solar energy should also be increased to about 5% of the total energy supply, since this is a very cheap and available resource which can be used in farmlands. Geothermal power should constitute 5% of the power demands since it is has a limitation on availability. Wind power is environmentally friendly, cheap and readily available and should take a proportion of 10% of energy use.\nThe total energy use from renewable resources would be 40%, and the 60% would be consumed by ‘others’, which are non-renewable energy sources. This will help to conserve available resources for the benefit of the current and future generations. Bibliography. Armstrong, F. A. , Blundell, F. 2007. Energy… Beyond Oil. London: Oxford University Press. Hester, R. E. , Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), Harrison, R. M. 2003. Sustainability and Environmental Impact of Renewable Energy Sources. UK: Royal Society of Chemistry. Houghton, J. T. 2001.\nGlobal warming: the complete briefing. London: Cambridge University Press. Ison, S. , Peake, S. , Wall, S. 2002. Environmental Issues and Policies: Issues and Policies. New York: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Laughton, M. A. , Watt Committee on Energy, Watt Committee on Energy, Working Group on Renewable Energy Sources. 1999. Renewable Energy Sources: Watt Committee: report number 22. UK: Taylor & Francis. Nagle, G. 2002. Development and Underdevelopment. UK: Nelson Thornes. Smith, P. F. 2005. Architecture in a Climate of Change: A Guide to Sustainable Design. London: Elsevier.\nJobs & Global Warming\nTesting the Performance of a Solar Energy Collector","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line34655"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.911987841129303,"wiki_prob":0.911987841129303,"text":"Terrified policeman carried 70 metres along a Cambridge street on top of speeding car\nOfficer lucky not to be badly injured\nAndre George\nA terrified policeman was carried 70 metres along a Cambridge street on top of a car after being driven at by a drug dealer.\nThe dramatic arrest happened on November 3 last year after Andre George, 27, was spotted dealing drugs from a vehicle by two plain clothed police officers in Adam and Eve Street.\nThe officers approached George and identified themselves. George then drove off, knocking Sergeant Paul Street onto the bonnet and travelling approximately 70 metres with the officer on the vehicle.\nSergeant Street was uninjured and managed to arrest George when the vehicle stopped.\nPolice officer driven at in Cambridge - man to appear at city's crown court\nGeorge, of Crome Road in London, pleaded guilty to being concerned with the supply of a Class A drug and assault with intent to resist arrest.\nOn Friday (February 17), at Peterborough Crown Court, he was sentenced to three years and six months for the first charge and seven months for the second, to run consecutively.\nScam beggars travelling to Cambridge by car hunted by police\nDetective Constable James Weston, who investigated the incident, said: “It is remarkable that Sergeant Street avoided injury in an incident that could have been a lot worse. George clearly had no regard for the safety of others and was determined to avoid arrest.\n“I hope this sentence sends a clear message that drug dealing will not be tolerated in Cambridge.”\nSergeant Street said: “This was an extremely unpleasant experience which highlights the dangers that police officers face on a day to day basis.\n\"It is hard to explain just how frightening it was being on the bonnet of a vehicle travelling at speed, but it was by pure luck that nobody was seriously injured as a result of this incident.\n\"I think the sentence reflects the violent nature of this crime. Cambridgeshire Constabulary’s officers are working extremely hard to keep the residents of Cambridge safe from these types of individuals, and will continue to do so.”\nMan in 70s dies following head-on collision on A505\nCambridgeshire Constabulary","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line776273"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.661026656627655,"wiki_prob":0.33897334337234497,"text":"\"Doing Scrum our own way\"\nLast post 02:48 pm March 27, 2019\nby Matt Riordan\nMatt Riordan\n06:03 pm March 25, 2019\nLooking for a little direction, here.\nI am curious to know how someone has successfully handled the \"We do Scrum, but we make it so that it works for us.\"? This seems to be the most common thing that I hear from every organization that I have come into contact with. Most of these organizations are new to Scrum and much of this direction towards Scrum comes from leadership.\nCouple examples I've come across:\nNot doing reviews in each Sprint, rather waiting for a monthly review (2 week sprints)\n\"Scrum-fall\" 1st Sprint = Requirements gathering, 2nd Sprint = Design, 3rd = Development, etc.\nStopping all development work to fix \"fire drills\" and effectively changing the cadence of the teams Sprint\n\"The Scrum Guide changes all the time, so therefore we only adapt SOME of the practices in it.\"\nAdvice I have given to these organizations is to have the teams do it \"by the book\" for a couple of Sprints and then Inspect and Adapt on how they can improve themselves, but meeting a TON of resistance. Any input, other resources, or different forum posts anyone can link me to would be greatly appreciated.\ntl;dr - Organization says they want to implement Scrum, but only choose some of the events to practice or blatantly disregard Scrum Guide. Any tips on how to guide conversations to getting teams and organizations back to basics?\n04:02 am March 26, 2019\nIs it understood that Scrum is not being applied at all unless it is implemented in its entirety, and that the associated benefits are unlikely to accrue?\nChanging the Scrum Framework “to suit the organization” avoids dealing with issues that would be exposed to scrutiny. What is being concealed here, and why? Are teams delivering valuable “Done” increments at least once every Sprint, for example, and are those increments being released into production?\nNikolaos Friligkos\nOrganisations are allowed to implement anything they want. However, if Scrum is not applied in its entirety, then please don't call it Scrum.\nAndrew McKenzie\ntl;dr - not all deviations are created equally; you've got to dig deeper and have ongoing conversations to understand what the \"real\" problems are and how to solve them.\nI'm sure we've all seen this \"custom Scrum\" thinking at one point or another (or many ...).\nI don't know that it's possible to solve this problem overnight, but here are some thoughts that occur to me and that may be helpful to you:\nBuild relationships and be honest.\nIt may sound obvious, but this is a primary example of where one needs to build relationships to gain influence and establish trust over time. Coming into an organization and taking on a posture of Scrum referee (however correct one may be) will of course push people away, especially if the habits are entrenched in the organization and now they're being told they're \"doing it wrong.\"\nThat said, it's important to be honest, especially around the most egregious deviations. If people are using language like \"design sprint,\" \"test sprint,\" \"release sprint,\" etc., it's fair to respond by saying, \"It sounds like you're still doing waterfall, but just throwing in some Scrum terms here and there. Why do you think that is?\" Or \"I know a lot of organizations try to 'customize' Scrum by doing it the way you are. Do you think that approach ever results in increased agility or value?\"\nYou may also need to have some heart-to-heart conversations with your leadership. \"You brought me here to help you deliver value using Scrum, but as a professional Scrum Master I feel it's my duty to report some organizational obstacles that will make it difficult for me to do that.\" And then once you've said your piece, give it back to them: \"So, how do you want me to proceed?\" Basically, state your point of view while trying to turn the issues you see into shared problems.\nProbe the origins of the deviations.\nBe Socratic. Before pushing back on deviations, ask why the organization found itself doing something a certain way, how long it has done things that way, whose idea it was (and where are they now?), and what benefits it has achieved by doing things in that way.\nIf you ask the right questions, the underlying problems may even become self-evident to those standing up for the deviations and resisting change. Often, if you ask the right questions, they may admit that there was no underlying rationale for these deviations in the first place except, \"It was just a lot easier ...\" or \"Our release management team said we had to do it this way ...\" and so forth. This can help you better localize the root cause of what's going on.\nNot all deviations are created equally. Be especially wary of vaguely defined or inconsistently followed deviations.\nIn rare cases, you may find a semi-decent reason for a deviation. (I'm not endorsing deviations; just saying that they aren't all created equally!) For example, if your organization has a separate test team for legal/regulatory reasons, that's at least a better justification than \"Because we've always done it this way!\" And, more importantly, your response and the path forward would look very different in each case.\nI think it's critically important to understand if the deviations are at least clearly defined and consistently followed, or if, instead, the teams are simply deviating haphazardly whenever following the Guide is inconvenient/difficult. The former may be a case of faulty but well-intentioned reasoning and implementation, but the latter is plain old excuse-making and shows a deeper lack of discipline/leadership/inspiration. I see both commonly, but they are completely different scenarios which call for drastically different responses.\nBe empirical, and stick to a very simple test.\nIf the organization is actively empirical, or open-minded, then there's plenty of hope. In that case, your recommendation of \"let's try it by the book for a while\" (great approach) makes a lot of sense. If the organization resists this, then you have to probe deeper on that point. What does the organization fear about being empirical? How does it make decisions if doesn't want to use evidence? Etc.\nThe ultimate question I would try to answer, and then repeat the same question to organization leadership, is this: is the organization able to consistently deliver valuable, working software on a regular basis of approximately one month?\nIf the answer is yes across the board, then you're in the realm of optimization, and there is less to worry about. Can we get our sprints down to a month? To two weeks? Can we ensure our designers are part of the Development Team? Etc. I wouldn't worry about deviations in this context.\nIf the answer is no but everyone agrees that the goal is yes, then you've pointed out the organization's problem head on and you can then point out why the deviations are getting in the way and why Scrum is the solution.\nHowever, you may find that the real answer is no but that leadership will tell you that yes, the organization is delivering software at this rate. In that case, solving the problem probably starts with addressing the lack of transparency, perhaps complacency at some levels, and so forth.\nFinally, if (as you will sometimes find), the answer is no and the organization says that that's fine because working software in thirty days or less is not a reasonable/valuable goal anyway, then you're in the realm of an organization which wanted to do \"Scrum\" or \"Agile\" because it was trendy but without a true understanding of the value proposition, the trade-offs, the change required, and so on.\nOnce again, asking the right questions, listening to the answers, and digging deeper to understand the root causes is your best bet to solving these issues.\nThis is very helpful, thank you!","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1486070"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7934672832489014,"wiki_prob":0.7934672832489014,"text":"A Florida teacher has been arrested for having sex with her 15-year-old student. She is also eight months pregnant.\nDoral Police arrested a teacher at John I. Smith K-8 Center, 41-year-old Hairy Calvi, on Friday for having sex with her 15-year-old student.\nAnd it was all caught on video.\nInvestigators had been aware of the inappropriate relationship since March 2021 after students reported to school staff that the victim was sharing a video on his phone with other students showing himself and Calvi having sexual intercourse.\nThey also found photos of Calvi and the victim nude together smoking marijuana.\nIn total, Calvi is charged with lewd and lascivious battery, offenses against students by authority figures, child neglect, possession of a firearm on school property, and contributing to the delinquency of a child, Miami-Dade jail records showed.\nAccording to detectives, Calvi worked as the victim’s teacher.\nAfter learning of the situation, police obtained permission from the victim’s mother to search through his phone and discovered photos of him naked with Calvi. Detectives said they also recovered text messages between the two expressing their love for one another.\nIt’s not clear why investigators took so long to arrest Calvi.\n“When we spoke to him, he denied being a victim,” Doral police spokesman Rey Valdes told NBC Miami.\n“He flat out told us he was not raped. But I want to point out under Florida law [that] a minor cannot give consent.”\n“She knew how to explain stuff really well, it’s just . . . I can’t believe that,” student Luigi Lopresti told WSVN.\nOn March 7, at around 3 a.m., Doral Police initiated a traffic stop on Calvi, who was driving under the influence, according to her arrest report.\nThey discovered two other minors inside the vehicle, along with the victim.\nThe group had been celebrating a birthday party at a banquet hall.\nInvestigators said none of the children’s parents knew they were with Calvi.\n“When I heard from my friends, I was in shock, and I was like, ‘Oh wow,’ and I told my friends, and they were all so shocked,” another student explained.\n“We just – it was kind of like a shock, the entire thing. She was very nice, and it’s kind of crazy.”\nParents who later learned about the incident were also shocked.\n“It’s mindblowing because you’re expecting the school to let you know that something like that is going on,” said Julio Alfonso.\n“You’re not expecting that kind of treatment to your child,” another parent said.\nOfficials for Miami-Dade Public Schools confirmed that Calvi had not been working at the school since March after the allegations were brought to light.\nHowever, her employment was reassigned to an alternate location.\nCalvi is the most recent of numerous Miami-Dade County Public Schools teachers to be arrested for similar crimes, including teachers most recently at Renaissance Middle School and Hialeah Middle School.\nCalvi worked with the MDCPS school system for 20 years and had no history of disciplinary actions, according to MDCPS officials.\nPolice confirmed she is eight months pregnant.\nCalvi’s firearm charge stems from an October 8 traffic stop.\nAfter conducting the stop, police found a loaded Glock 43 9 mm, loaded with a round in the chamber, inside of her vehicle.\nCalvi told police the gun is always in her vehicle and belonged to her husband.\nShe had been working at the Miami-Dade Schools Northeast Transportation center when she brought the gun onto the property of MDCPS, according to the police report.\nNOTHING NEW UNDER SUPERINTENDENT ALBERTO CARVALHO\nLast week, a federal jury awarded the victim of an MDCPS high school teacher $6 million for raping her inside of his classroom.\n“You took advantage that I was a lost girl,” the victim read in a statement.\n“I quickly remind myself the only reality here is that you abused me, and it was premeditated.”\nAfter the verdict, Miami-Dade Schools Superintendent Alberto Carvalho posted a photo of himself to Instagram celebrating with CBS Miami journalist Jim Berry.\nAlberto Carvalho celebrates with CBS Miami journalist after jury awards $6 million to vctim raped by MDCPS high school teacher.\nCritics say Carvalho’s cozy relationships with local journalists and law enforcement officials could be the reason he still has a job as the MDCPS superintendent.\nCarvalho oversees school police at all MDCPS school grounds.\nIn 2017, a Florida jury awarded $49.3 million to a former high-school student who was raped by her former geometry teacher in his classroom, according to Daily Mail.\nThe same year, 2017, Miami-Dade Police arrested Bernardo Osorio, a decorated math teacher at Cutler Bay Senior High, for sexually abusing an underage student, according to the Miami New Times.\nYesterday, True Homestead published an eerily similar story about Brittiny Murray-Lopez, a Hialeah Middle School teacher who was arrested for having sex with her former student who was 14 at the time of the incident.\nIn fact, True Homestead has covered numerous stories detailing similar abuses by teachers working under Superintendent Alberto Carvalho.\nRead them below.\nhttps://truehomestead.com/2021/10/08/south-florida-middle-school-teacher-arrested-for-having-sex-w-14-year-old/\nhttps://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5091521/Teacher-pay-former-student-49-3-million.html\nOne thought on “Pregnant Florida Teacher Arrested for Sex with 15-Year-Old Student on Video”\nMiami Superintendent Orders Training to Stop More Teachers from Raping Students - True Homestead says:\n[…] of those teachers arrested last week was 41-year-old Hairy […]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line323085"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9816110134124756,"wiki_prob":0.9816110134124756,"text":"Home / India News / Former PM Manmohan Singh’s health condition improving\nFormer PM Manmohan Singh’s health condition improving\n“His condition is better and progressing well. He is responding to treatment and that is a good sign. He is being taken care of by a team of specialists,” said a senior staff member from the hospital, on condition of anonymity\nFormer prime minister Manmohan Singh. (PTI)\nUpdated on Oct 16, 2021 02:33 AM IST\nByHT Correspondent, Hindustan Times, New Delhi\nThe condition of former Prime minister Manmohan Singh, who is undergoing treatment at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) here, is stable, and he is recovering well, said people familiar with the development on Friday.\n“His condition is better and progressing well. He is responding to treatment and that is a good sign. He is being taken care of by a team of specialists,” said a senior staff member from the hospital, on condition of anonymity.\nThe 89-year-old was on Wednesday evening admitted to New Delhi’s AIIMS after complains of fever, weakness and general uneasiness.\nHe was admitted into the hospital to be evaluated for high-grade fever.\nThe former prime minister is admitted in a private ward of hospital’s Cardiothoracic and Neurosciences Centre under the care of a team of specialists led by Dr Nitish Naik. Dr Naik is a professor in the department of cardiology, and has been former PM’s personal physician for many years now.\nOn Thursday, political leaders across spectrum sent their best wishes for his speedy recovery. Union health minister Mansukh Mandaviya and senior Congress leader Rahul Gandhi visited the former PM in the hospital.\nSingh has a history of cardiac ailments, and even underwent a revision heart bypass surgery at AIIMS in 2009.\nEarlier in April this year, Singh was admitted to the hospital’s trauma centre (functioning as Covid care centre) after he tested positive for the cCoronavirus disease (Covid-19). Singh is also a member of the Rajya Sabha.\nFamily objects to photographers’ presence\nManmohan Singh’s daughter Daman Singh in a statement on Friday said that her mother, Gursharan Kaur had objected to the presence of a photographer when Mandaviya paid a visit to Singh in AIIMS but it was ignored. Photographs of Mandaviya in Manmohan’s cabin have surfaced on social media.\n“My father is being treated for Dengue at AIIMS. His condition is stable but his immunity is low. We have restricted visitors due to the risk of infection. It was nice of the Health Minister to visit and express his concern. However, my parents were in no state to be photographed at the time,” the statement said.\nThe statement further said that her mother Gursharan Kaur had objected to the presence of a photographer when the minister paid a visit to Singh in AIIMS but her objection was ignored.\nThe Congress also demanded an apology from the Union health minister over the issue after Daman Singh’s objection.\n“Everything is a ‘Photo Op’ for BJP. Shame on Health Minister, who made a visit to meet Former PM in AIIMS, a ugly ‘PR Stunt’ This is..Negation of every ethical norm, Breach of EX PM’s privacy, Insult of established tradition, Reflects absence of basic decency. Apologise Now!” said Congress chief spokesperson Randeep Surjewala in a tweet.\nMandaviya wasn’t immediately available for a comment. There was no clarification from the health ministry but government officials said that the minister went to meet Singh out of his sense of responsibility.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line886107"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9534803032875061,"wiki_prob":0.9534803032875061,"text":"City of Vancouver has shown national leadership on reconciliation\nFormer Vancouver mayor Gregor Robertson showed leadership on reconciliation by the issue on the national agenda at the local level through the Big City Mayors' Caucus of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities\nKevin Griffin\nRobert Joseph is a hereditary chief of the Gwawaenuk First Nation near Alert Bay and a co-founder of Reconciliation Canada. Photo by Handout /PNG\nNumerous steps by the City of Vancouver have provided leadership in promoting reconciliation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people across the country, according to the co-founder of Reconciliation Canada .\nChief Robert Joseph attributed the city’s “real leadership role in this area” to the personal interests of former mayor Gregor Robertson.\nHe cited Robertson’s position as chair of the Big City Mayors’ Caucus of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities as being critically important in helping to put the issue on the national agenda.\n“As the chair of the big city mayors, he had a lot of influence on national gatherings of municipalities,” said Joseph, Reconciliation Canada’s ambassador .\n“It wasn’t long before other cities all across the country, big and small, were working hard at determining what reconciliation meant for them. The leadership of the City of Vancouver was really important.”\nOne of the most recent reconciliation initiatives in Vancouver was the creation by the park board of an Indigenous artist residency program in Stanley Park. A Frame Activation: Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-waututh Cultural Residency at Second Beach is designed to be an Indigenous space on unceded, traditional territory.\nChrystal Sparrow, a Musqueam artist, is the first artist named to the residency. In coming years, the residency will rotate among the three First Nations with traditional links to the land on which Vancouver is located.\nOther reconciliation steps in Vancouver have included hiring a new manager of Aboriginal relations, renaming the north plaza at the Vancouver Art Gallery with two Indigenous names, hiring an Indigenous liaison in the engineering department and hiring a reconciliation planner at the park board.\n“Since the Year of Reconciliation in 2013, Vancouver has developed into the world’s first City of Reconciliation,” a city report says .\nAsked about the city’s claim of being a world leader in reconciliation, Joseph said: “I don’t know to what degree the claim is accurate, but I’ve been really impressed with the City of Vancouver.”\nJoseph said he believes municipalities across the country which historically have had the least to do with Aboriginal people have responded better to reconciliation than the provincial and federal governments.\n“They’re very interested now because they recognize that many exist where their Aboriginal neighbours are,” he said from Alert Bay. “They see the importance of growing a good relationship between each another.”\nJoseph is one of the last speakers of Kwak’wala, the language of the Kwakwaka’wakw whose traditional territory is located at the northern end of Vancouver Island and the adjoining mainland. He’s a hereditary chief of the Gwawaenuk First Nations .\nJoseph attributes the support from big cities to the affect on people of hearing stories told at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission about the abuse experienced by Aboriginal students in Indian residential schools. The hearings, spread over almost four years, ended in 2014.\n“Suddenly, people who hadn’t known very much about Aboriginals discovered in shock and dismay that our society had treated Aboriginal people very badly,” he said.\n“I think it created a conscious shift in the minds of a lot of people who live in big cities.”\nAn estimated 150,000 Aboriginal children were forced to attend residential schools. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission describes reconciliation as a collective effort to revitalize the relationship between Indigenous people and Canadian society.\nJoseph, who was an honorary witness at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, said while he’s encouraged by the social recognition of reconciliation by cities such as Vancouver, other more systemic challenges such as changing legislation and combatting intolerance is happening at a slower pace.\n“One of the things I like to tell people when I talk to gatherings that while we’re all waiting for the big home run reconciliation initiatives, I suspect it will be the tiny little steps we take here and there that will be a key to all the transformation that we’re seeking,” he said.\n“There won’t always be cameras or news reporters there, but people in their neighbourhoods will look at each other eye to eye and change opinions of each other and respect our differences and diversity. I suspect that’s where reconciliation will take us.”\nkevingriffin@postmedia.com\nIs there more to this story? We’d like to hear from you about this or any other stories you think we should know about. Email vantips@postmedia.com.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line639903"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9630649089813232,"wiki_prob":0.9630649089813232,"text":"Obama more popular on foreign policy issues\nBy CHB\nNews, White House\nPresident Barack Obama (AP/Evan Vucci)\nPresident Barack Obama’s approval ratings for handling foreign policy issues generally top his ratings for most domestic issues, including the economy and health care, according to a new Associated Press-GfK poll. But the poll also suggests a majority of Americans want the president to pull troops out of Afghanistan faster than he’s doing, and many are skeptical about a tentative nuclear deal with Iran.\nThe poll found that 57 percent now say going to war in Afghanistan after the 2001 terror attacks was probably the “wrong thing to do.” And 53 percent say the pace of the planned withdrawal is too slow, 34 percent said the pace was just about right and 10 percent said it was too fast. All combat troops are scheduled to leave by the end of 2014.\nMeanwhile, six in 10 Americans approve of the preliminary deal between Iran and six global powers to curb Iran’s nuclear ambitions. But that support is soft and many doubt it will lead to concrete results.\nEven though he garners more disapproval than approval on the handling of Afghanistan and Iran, Obama generally gets better ratings on foreign policy than on domestic issues.\nNearly half (49 percent) approve of his handling of U.S. relations with other countries while 50 percent disapprove. In contrast, just 40 percent approve of his handling of the economy, while 59 percent disapprove. And on health care, the approval rating stands at 39 percent, with 61 percent disapproving. His overall job approval is at 42 percent, with 58 disapproving.\nThe slightly higher ratings on foreign policy generally make sense, suggested Philip Salathe, 70, of Indianapolis, who participated in the poll.\nSalathe said Obama in 2008 ran against Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., who during the campaign joked about dropping bombs on Iran. “I figure we could fix the economy if it gets ruined and we can repeal any bad laws that get passed,” Salathe said, but a military confrontation with Iran or other foreign policy crisis could have more disastrous consequences.\nSalathe approves of the job Obama is doing overall but still thinks things are headed in the wrong direction. “We’re not doing anything about the major problems facing humanity. Basically, we have a number of disparate goals that are at odds with each other,” such as protecting the environment while promoting growth and urban development. He said Obama is the first Democrat he’s voted for as president. He said he tends to favor Republicans.\nJust 16 percent of those polled said they expected the situation in Afghanistan to “get better” over the next year; 32 percent said they expected it to “get worse” while about half said they expected the situation to “stay about the same.”\nJennifer Reese, 28, of Burnsville, Minn., considers herself a Democrat and says she voted for Obama. But she questions whether he’s the cause for the economy getting better.\n“I think the economy is getting better, but I don’t think it’s necessarily because of what Obama’s doing,” she said. “That’s the way things work. When things go down so far, then they’re going to go back up.”\nShe said she also believes both parties could do an equally good job protecting the country and that the pace of allied troop withdrawal from Afghanistan is “about right.” She favors a continued presence of allied troops in the country to train and assist Afghan troops. “My family was in the military. My father was over there for a while and he says they’re doing good things.”\nAs for negotiations with Iran on curbing its nuclear program, Reese says she is pleased Iran is at the bargaining table. “Let’s negotiate this, see what we can do,” she said.\nThe poll showed Americans broadly approve of a tentative deal to curb Iran’s nuclear program. Fifty-nine percent approved, 38 percent disapproved.\nBut that support was tentative, with more than 4 in 10 (44 percent) also saying it’s unlikely the agreement will keep Iran from seeking to build its own nuclear weapon. Just 11 percent think that outcome is extremely or very likely.\nMark Dabney, 54, of Cartersville, Ga., who describes himself as a political independent who supports the tea party movement, disapproves of Obama’s performance on both domestic and foreign policy fronts.\nAs for Iraq and Afghanistan, “I just believe that we shouldn’t go meddling in other countries’ internal affairs,” he said.\nThe AP-GfK poll was conducted Dec. 5-9 using KnowledgePanel, GfK’s probability-based online panel. For results based on all 1,367 adults, the margin of sampling error is plus or minus 3.5 percentage points.\nKnowledgePanel is designed to be representative of the U.S. population. Respondents were first selected randomly using phone or mail survey methods, and later, completed this survey online. People selected for KnowledgePanel who didn’t otherwise have Internet access were provided with access at no cost.\nAssociated Press Director of Polling Jennifer Agiesta and AP News Survey Specialist Dennis Junius contributed to this report.\nAP-GfK poll: http://www.ap.gfkpoll.com\nFollow Tom Raum on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/tomraum\nCopyright © 2013 Capitol Hill Blue\nCopyright © 2013 The Associated Press All Rights Reserved.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1376849"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8023427128791809,"wiki_prob":0.8023427128791809,"text":"Some of the following are more historically accurate than others, but I suppose it’s more about entertainment than authenticity. I include affiliate links to Amazon in my reviews and other posts. Those links will take the reader to Amazon.com and I do receive a small percentage of each purchase. Before you buy, do check to make sure you are buying the dvd that works for your part of the world (PAL, NTSC, etc) in order to avoid disappointment.\n1612 (2011): starring Pyotr Kislov, Artur Smolyaninov, Michal Zebrowski.\nA Field in England (2013): starring Julian Barratt.\nA Little Chaos (2015): Starring Kate Winslet, Alan Rickman, Matthias Schoenaerts. Read the SCL Review.\nAdmiral: Command and Conquer (2015): starring Charles Dance, Rutger Hauer.\nAgainst All Flags (1952): starring Errol Flynn and Maureen O’Hara.\nAngelique (1964): starring Michele Mercier, Jean Rochefort, Robert Hossein.\nAngelique (2013): starring Nora Arnezeder, Gérard Lanvin, Tomer Sisley.\nBathory: Countess of Blood (2011): starring Anna Friel and Hans Matheson.\nBattle of Vienna (2012): starring F. Murray Abraham, Enrico Lo Verso, Alicja Bachleda.\nBlack Corsair, The (1976): starring Mel Ferrer and Kabir Bedi.\nBlack Field (2009): starring Sofia Georgovassili, Hristos Passalis, Despina Bebedelli.\nBy the Sword Divided (1983): starring Julian Glover.\nCaptain Alatriste: The Spanish Musketeer (2006): starring Viggo Mortensen.\nCaptain Blood (1935): starring Errol Flynn and Olivia de Haviland.\nCaravaggio (1986): starring Nigel Terry, Sean Bean, Tilda Swinton, Mark Tildesley, Michael Gough.\nCharles II: The Power and the Passion starring Rufus Sewell\nCountess, The (2009): starring Julie Delpy and William Hurt.\nCromwell (1970): starring Richard Harris and Alec Guinness.\nThe Crucible (1996): starring Daniel Day Lewis and Winona Ryder.\nCyrano de Bergerac (1990): starring Gérard Depardieu, Vincent Perez, Anne Brochet.\nDay of Wrath (1943): starring Thorkild Roose, Lisbeth Movin, Sigrid Neiiendam.\nD’Artagnan’s Daughter (1994): starring Sophie Marceau.\nThe Devils (1971): starring Vanessa Redgrave and Oliver Reed.\nThe Devil’s Whore (2008): starring Andrea Riseborough, Michael Fassbender. Read the SCL review.\nThe Draughtsman’s Contract (1982): starring Anthony Higgins.\nDon Juan (1998): starring Emmanuelle Béart and Penélope Cruz.\nDon Quixote (2001): starring John Lithgow and Amelia Warner.\nEl Greco (2007): starring Nick Ashdon.\nThe First Churchills (1967) starring John Neville.\nForever Amber (1947): starring Linda Darnell and Cornel Wilde.\nThe Four Musketeers (1974): starring Richard Chamberlain, Oliver Reed.\nFrenchman’s Creek (1944): starring Joan Fontaine and Basil Rathbone.\nFrenchman’s Creek (1998): starring Tara Fitzgerald.\nGirl With A Pearl Earring (2003): Scarlett Johansson, Colin Firth, Tom Wilkinson, Cillian Murphy.\nThe Great Fire (2014): starring Andrew Buchan, Jack Huston, Rose Leslie, and Charles Dance.\nGunpowder, Treason and Plot (2004): Robert Carlyle, Michael Fassbender, Clemence Poesy.\nHarakiri (1962): starring Tatsuya Nakadai.\nHara-Kiri – Death of a Samarai: starring Koji Yakusho.\nHenry Purcell – England, My England (1995): starring Simon Callow and Michael Ball.\nI, Worst of All (1990): starring Assumpta Serna, Dominique Sanda, Héctor Alterio.\nKing’s Whore, The (1990): starring Timothy Dalton, Valeria Golino. Read the SCL review.\nL’allée du Roi: starring Dominique Blanc, Didier Sandre.\nLa Femme Musketeer (2004): starring Natassja Kinski and Michael York.\nLe Bossu (1997): starring Daniel Auteuil, Fabrice Luchini, Vincent Perez.\nLe Roi Danse (2000): starring Benoît Magimel and Boris Terral.\nLorna Doone (1976): starring Emily Richards.\nLorna Doone (1992): starring Sean Bean, Clive Owen, and Polly Walker.\nLorna Doone (2000): starring Amelia Warner, Aiden Gillen.\nMan of La Mancha (1972): starring Peter O’Toole and Sophia Loren.\nMarquise (1997): starring Sophie Marceau.\nMoliere (2007): starring Romain Duris, Laura Morante, and Fabrice Luchini.\nMorgan, The Pirate (1960).\nMother Joan of the Angels (1961): starring Lucyna Winnicka.\nMusketeers, The (2014): starring Luke Pasqualino, Tom Burke, Santiago Cabrera, Howard Charles, Peter Capaldi.\nNew Worlds (2014): starring Jamie Dornan and Jeremy Northam.\nNightwatching (2007): starring Martin Freeman and Jodhi May.\nPilgrim’s Progress (1978): starring Peter Thomas, Liam Neeson.\nPirates of Tortuga (1961): starring Ken Scott.\nPlymouth Adventure (1952): starring Spencer Tracy, Gene Tierney.\nPocahontas (1996): featuring voices by Irene Bedard, Mel Gibson, Christian Bale.\nPocahontas II: Journey to a New World (2001).\nQueen Christina (1933): starring Greta Garbo, John Gilbert.\nRembrandt (1936): starring Charles Laughton.\nRestoration (1995): starring Robert Downey Jr, Sam Neill, Meg Ryan.\nRise of Louis XIV, The (1966).\nSalem (2014-): starring Tamzin Merchant.\nThe Scarlet Blade (1963): starring Oliver Reed.\nScarlet Letter, The (1994): starring Gary Oldman and Demi Moore.\nSerpent’s Kiss, The (1997): starring Ewan McGregor, Greta Scaachi, Richard E. Grant.\nShogun (1980): starring Richard Chamberlain.\nStage Beauty (2004): starring Claire Danes, Billy Crudup, Rupert Everett, and Hugh Bonneville.\nThe Iron Mask (1928): starring Douglas Fairbanks.\nThe Lady and the Highwayman (1989): starring Hugh Grant, Emma Samms, Oliver Reed. Read the SCL review.\nThe Libertine (2004): starring Johnny Depp, John Malkovich, Samantha Morton, & Rosamund Pike.\nThe Man in the Iron Mask (1998): starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Jeremy Irons, John Malkovich.\nThe Man in the Iron Mask (1976): starring Richard Chamberlain and Jenny Agutter.\nThe Moonraker (1958): starring George Baker, Sylvia Syms, Marius Goring.\nThe Musketeer (2001): starring Justin Chambers, Catherine Deneuve, Mena Suvari.\nThe New World (2005): starring Colin Farrell, Q’orianka Kilcher, Christopher Plummer.\nThe Three Musketeers (1939): starring Don Ameche.\nThe Three Musketeers (1948): starring Gene Kelly, Lana Turner, and Angela Lansbury.\nThe Three Musketeers (1973): starring Richard Chamberlain, Raquel Welch, Oliver Reed.\nThe Three Musketeers (1993): starring Kiefer Sutherland, Tim Curry, and Chris O’Donnell.\nThe Three Musketeers (2011): starring Logan Lerman, Orlando Bloom, Matthew MacFadyen.\nThree Musketeers (1966): starring Brian Blessed and Jeremy Brett.\nTo Kill a King (2003): starring Dougray Scott, Tim Roth, Rupert Everett.\nTous les Matins du Monde (1991): starring Guillaume Depardieu, Anne Brochet.\nVatel (2000): starring Uma Thurman, Gerard Depardieu, and Julian Sands.\nWinstanley (1976): starring Miles Halliwell, Jerome Willis, Terry Higgins.\nWicked Lady, The (1945): starring Margaret Lockwood and James Mason.\nWitchfinder General (1968): starring Vincent Price.\n17th-century plays and operas\nCadmus & Hermione, tragédie lyrique de Lully et Quinault (2008). Le Poème Harmonique.\nIl Sant’ Alessio by Stefano Landi (2008): Philippe Jaroussky, Max Emanuel Cencic, Damien Guillon, Xavier Sabata, William Christie.\nL’Incoronazione Di Poppea by Monteverdi (2012): William Christie/Philippe Jaroussky/Danielle De Niese/Anna Bonitatibus/Max Emanuel Cencic/Les Arts Florissants.\nLe Bourgeois Gentilhomme (2011). Comédie Ballet de Molière. Musique de Jean-Baptiste Lully / Le Poème Harmonique, dir. Vincent Dumestre\nDocumentaries/History programmes\nBrother Against Brother: The English Civil War (2007)\nDiscover the Great Masters of Art – Caravaggio (2011)\nThe English Civil War – A People Divided (2002)\nVermeer and Music\nVersailles, le Reve d’un Roi\nStill from the beautiful film “Moliere.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line23387"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5523408055305481,"wiki_prob":0.4476591944694519,"text":"GEO TV’s latest production Aye Musht-e-Khaak has only been on the air for few weeks, yet it has already established itself as one of the most popular and well-liked drama series on television.Exquisitely penned down by Maha Malik, the drama chronicles the journey of two entirely different people as they explore the topics of faith, love, and deception.\nThe drama is an amazing directorial masterpiece of Aehsun Talish and under the dynamic creator’s duo Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi, 7th Sky Entertainment has reunited the fan-favorite combination of Feroze Khan and Sana Javed for the third time.\nFans are going gaga over their jori and here we jot down 5 reasons why we love Dua and Mustajab.\n1. Mustajab’s Go-Getter Attitude:\nMustajab is a nice young man who believes in planning and has a reasonable attitude on life. His lack of faith in his fate, as well as his can-do attitude, set him apart from his peers.\n2. Dua is an Independent Girl:\nDua is a sweet young lady who believes in fate and predestination. Her strong ideals and values help her to be confident and resolute in her life choices.\n3. Amazing On-Screen Chemistry\nBoth Dua and Mustajab complement each other well. Despite their opposite personalities; they look like that cute couple together who you want to see in real life around too.\n4. Hidden Love\nDespite all the differences between them, With Mustajab’s stubborn and agitating nature and Dua’s firm persona; they both have underlying feelings for each other, and unintentionally care for each other. For instance, Dua manages to cover Mustajab’s anger in front of others. Mustajab ate street food just for the sake of Dua.\n5. Accepting the flaws of each other\nAlthough Dua and Mustajab are poles apart in terms of personalities, but the best thing about them in this drama is, they accept each other’s flaws whole-heartedly.\nAll in all, Dua and Mustajab characters are so real that you can easily relate them into real life characters around. We couldn’t wait for next week episode to be on-aired.\nDOBARA EP 12: AFFAN IS GIVING MEHRUNISSA A TOUGH TIME\nDrama serial Dobara is getting interesting with every passing episode as it brings one twist after another. The drama has a refreshing story that highlights some important issues that young widows face when they start thinking about getting remarrying....","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line404387"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5099527835845947,"wiki_prob":0.5099527835845947,"text":"News & Production Director/ Weekend On-Air\nContact Rob Langer\nAbout Rob Langer\nRadio... it's in my blood! As long as I can remember, I wanted to work in radio. Growing up in New York, I would listen to all of the famous \"disc jockeys\" (if you are under 25, ask your parents what a disc jockey is!). I was fortunate to break into the business, working at the number 1 station on Long Island (WALK-FM) as their overnight announcer (even hosting an all request show at 2 am!). In 1990, I became their traffic reporter. My family and I moved to Atlanta in 2000, where I continued to report on traffic conditions for radio (including here with Paige when we were J93.3) and TV (11Alive).\nGod was preparing me for a more significant role in this ministry. Ther were a couple of opportunities for me to work here, but it wasn't the right time. The door finally opened in 2010, when I began doing weekends on the air. Then, in October of 2011, God blessed me with the opportunity to join The JOY FM in a full-time capacity. Now, I have the pleasure of working with three remarkable people, Dave, Bill, and Carmen, producing The Morning Cruise weekdays on The JOY FM. Plus, I am part of the news team with Jules.\nServing in the community is also an important part of my faith journey. I currently serve as worship leader at Unity Baptist Church in Newnan, and will lead music ocassionally at Peachtree City SDA Church in Sharpsburg .\nFamily: wife Nancy, daughters Emma, and Maddie\nFavorite Bible Verse - Don’t let any evil talk come out of your mouths. Say only what will help to build others up and meet their needs. Then what you say will help those who listen.- Ephesians 4:29 (NIRV)\nFavorite Christian Artists - Matt Maher, Matthew West, Amy Grant, Needtobreathe, Josh Wilson, Rend Collective, Pat Barrett, Elevation Worship... and the list goes on... I love them all!\nOther musical likes - Barry Manilow, Michael Buble, Billy Joel, Johnny Mathis, Al Jarreau, music from the 50's and 60's\nTeams - Huge Atlanta United fan, but because of my New York roots, I still proudly support the Mets (will root for the Yankees, too!), Jets (support the Giants as well- need to keep my wife happy...), Islanders. Favorite college football team- Notre Dame,\nFavorite foods - Pizza (New York style, of course!), lasagna (especially Nancy’s lasagna!), spinach and artichoke dip, coffee (not technically a food, yet part of my food groups!)\nFavorite TV Shows - Fraiser, M*A*S*H*, The Odd Couple, The West Wing, The Honeymooners, Emergency, Quincy (love the old shows). Love the home shows on DIY and HGTV (but don't ask me to lift a hammer or saw...)\nFavorite Books (other than the Bible) - \"Comeback\" and \"When You Can't Comeback\" (both by Dave Dravecky), \"Fair Ball\" by Bob Costas\nFavorite Movies - \"Pride of The Yankees\" (yes, unusual for a Mets' fan, but I love Lou Gehrig's story), \"Mr. Holland's Opus\", \"The Four Seasons,\" \"The Odd Couple,\" \"The Lego Batman Movie.\"\nAlways wanted to be a game show host!\nJerry Williams and I worked together on Long Island!\nWore ties and carried a briefcase in high school and college (ask Nancy about that!)\nHad the lead in Godspell in my senior year in high school (the best role anyone could play!)\nSurvived an emergency landing while flying over Long Island reporting on the traffic! Landed on a high school football field and hit a fence! (Missed the field goal... wide left)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line927585"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8233569860458374,"wiki_prob":0.8233569860458374,"text":"Tag: S.RES.26\nUnited States Government’s Reactions to U.S.-Cuba Reconciliation\nAfter looking at international and Cuban reactions to the December 17th announcement of U.S.-Cuba reconciliation, we now examine the reactions by the U.S. Government’s Executive Branch and Congress. A subsequent post will look at the reactions of the American people.\nI. Executive Branch.\nLed by President Barack Obama, the Executive Branch engaged in 18 months of secret negotiations with Cuba that resulted in the December 17th announcement of an accord between the two countries involving immediate release of certain prisoners, promised liberalization of U.S. regulations regarding U.S. exports to the island and U.S. citizens travel to Cuba, promised U.S. review of its designation of Cuba as a “State Sponsor of Terrorism” and further negotiations for reestablishment of normal diplomatic relations and for resolution of a long list of issues or disputes.\nThe U.S. Department of State immediately commenced review of the “terrorism’ designation and the Treasury and Commerce Departments in January announced the new and more liberal regulations regarding exports and travel.\nThe U.S., represented by Assistant Secretary of State Roberta Jacobson, participated in the first round of further negotiations with Cuba in Havana in January, and the second round will be this month in Washington, D.C.\nIn addition, as we will see in the discussion of reactions in the U.S. House of Representatives, bills have been introduced to end the U.S. embargo of the island.\nIn short, the U.S. is doing everything it can to further the progress toward normalization of relations and reconciliation of the two countries.\nII. U.S. Congress\nThe following analysis of the positions of senators and representatives on reconciliation obviously is incomplete since I was not able to conduct exhaustive research on all 100 senators and all 435 representatives. I also used my judgment to assign pending bills as favoring or opposing reconciliation and assumed, absent specific information to the contrary, that being a sponsor or cosponsor of a bill in one category would preclude that individual’s voting for some or all of the bills in the other category. Moreover, the named individual legislators may change their minds if and when any of these measures reach the chambers’ floors for votes. I earnestly entreat readers to provide comments with other information to correct or supplement this analysis.\nA. U.S. Senate\nOf the 100 Senators, 25 so far appear to support reconciliation while 27 do not. The other 48 Senators apparently have not yet taken positions on this major issue.\n1. Favoring reconciliation\nAs of February 10, I was surprised to discover that the Senate does not have a bill to abolish the U.S. embargo of Cuba. Minnesota’s Senator Amy Klobuchar clearly has stated her intent to offer and support such a bill, but has not done so to date because she believes that the Senate first should vote on confirmation of an ambassador to Cuba, who has not yet been nominated by the President. Moreover, Cuba’s President Castro has made noises that abolishing the embargo should come before restoration of normal diplomatic relations. As a result, Klobuchar’s legislative strategy may have to be revised.\nIn any event, as of February 10, the Senate had only two measures on its agenda that are at least tangentially favorable to the recent U.S.-Cuba accord.\nThe first is S.299 (Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act of 2015) offered by Senator Jeff Flake (Rep., AZ) with 13 cosponsors [1] It was referred to the Foreign Relations Committee.\nThe other is a proposed resolution (S.RES.26: Commending Pope Francis for his leadership in helping to secure the release of Alan Gross and for working with the Governments of the United States and Cuba to achieve a more positive relationship). It was offered by Senator Richard Durbin (Dem., IL) with 10 cosponsors, four of whom were not cosponsors of S.299 [2] The proposed resolution was referred to the Foreign Relations Committee.\nIn addition to these 18 senators, the following seven (for a total of 25) can also be regarded as supporters of reconciliation based upon statements on their official websites or other comments or actions mentioned in the press: Tammy Baldwin (Dem., WI), Chris Coons (Dem., DE), Al Franken (Dem., MN), Chris Murphy (Dem., CT), Rand Paul (Rep., KY), Pat Roberts (Rep., KS) and Harry Reid (Dem., NV).\nThus, at least 25 Senators are on record apparently supporting reconciliation with Cuba\n2. Opposing reconciliation\nAs of February 10, the Senate had on its agenda one substantive bill relating to Cuba that can be seen as indirectly opposed to reconciliation.\nS.165 (Detaining Terrorists To Protect America Act of 2015) would extend and enhance prohibitions and limitations with respect to the transfer or release of individuals detained at the U.S. Naval Station, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.This bill was referred to the Armed Services Committee. It was offered by Senator Kelly Ayotte (Rep., NH) with 26 Republican cosponsors [3] One of the cosponsors, however, is Senator Jerry Moran, who was a cosponsor of S.299 and who spoke in favor of ending the embargo at the launch of the United States Agricultural Coalition for Cuba. Thus, I believe that only 25 of these cosponsors can be counted in the anti-reconciliation camp.\nAt least one other Senator belongs in this camp. Senator Robert Menendez (Dem., NJ), who is a Cuban-American, is vehemently opposed to reconciliation as are the other two Cuban-American Senators–Ted Cruz (Rep., TX) and Marco Rubio (Rep., FL), both of whom are cosponsors of S.165.\nThus, at least 27 Senators are on record apparently opposing reconciliation.\nB. U.S. House of Representatives\nThere are at least 43 representatives favoring reconciliation while 52 do not. That leaves the other 340 representatives not accounted for.\nAs of February 10, the House had eight pending bills favorable to reconciliation with Cuba.\nThe following three seek to end the U.S. embargo of Cuba.\nThe leading one seems to be H.R.403 (Free Trade with Cuba Act) that was introduced by Representative Charles Rangel (Dem., NY) with 27 Democratic cosponsors [4] It has been referred for consideration to the House Foreign Affairs and six other committees.[5] The bill would end the embargo, and its section 2 would have Congress find that “Cuba is no longer a threat to the [U.S.] or Western Hemisphere;” the U.S. ” is using economic, cultural, academic, and scientific engagement to support its policy of promoting democratic and human rights reforms [in other Communist regimes];” and the U.S. “can best support democratic change in Cuba by promoting trade and commerce, travel, communications, and cultural, academic, and scientific exchanges.”\nThe other two similar bills to end the embargo are H.R.274 (United States-Cuba Normalization Act, 2015) by Rep. Bobby Rush (Dem., IL) without any cosponsors, and H.R.735 (To lift the trade embargo on Cuba, and for other purposes) by Rep. Jose Serrano (Dem., NY) with Rep. Rangel as a cosponsor, both of whom are on the record as supporters of of H.R.403. These bills too were referred to the same seven committees for consideration.\nRep. Rangel on February 2nd also introduced H.R.635 (Promoting American Agricultural and Medical Exports to Cuba Act of 2015) to facilitate the export of U.S. agricultural products to Cuba, to remove impediments to the export to Cuba of medical devices and medicines, to allow travel to Cuba by U.S. legal residents, to establish an agricultural export promotion program with respect to Cuba. With 25 of the same Democratic cosponsors, the bill was referred to the Foreign Affairs and four other committees.\nThere are two bills to expand U.S. residents ability to travel to Cuba. Rep. Rangel on February 2nd introduced H.R.634 (Export Freedom to Cuba Act of 2015) with 25 of the same Democratic cosponsors of H.R.403 plus John Garamendi (Dem., CA) and Mark Pocan (Dem., WI). It has provisions for freedom to travel to Cuba for U.S. citizens and legal residents.It was referred to the Foreign Affairs Committee. A similar bill to expand U.S. citizens travel to Cuba (H.R.664: Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act of 2015) was offered on February 2nd by Rep. Mark Sanford (Rep., SC) with 12 cosponsors.[6] It also was referred to the Foreign Affairs Committee.\nA more limited travel bill was introduced by Representative Jose Serrano (Dem., NY). It is H.R.738: To waive certain prohibitions with respect to nationals of Cuba coming to the United States to play organized professional baseball. Its sole cosponsor is Representative Rangel and was referred to the Foreign Affairs Committee.\nOn January 27th Minnesota’s Representative Betty McCollum introduced H.R.570 (Stop Wasting Taxpayer Money on Cuba Broadcasting Act) to stop Radio Marti and Television Marti broadcasts to Cuba. McCollum was a cosponsor of H.R.403 while HR. 570 has no cosponsors. It was referred to the Foreign Affairs and Judiciary Committees.\nI am proud to say that all five Democratic Representatives from Minnesota by offering or cosponsoring bills appear to be in favor of this reconciliation. In addition, two of Minnesota’s three Republican Representatives have made statements indicating at least receptivity to favoring the reconciliation, and this analysis counts them as undecided. [7]\nOur newest Representative Tom Emmer said, “By all accounts the Cuban people are worse off today than when [the embargo] started. So clearly that’s not working. And I’m supportive of engaging in diplomacy, starting to re-engage in diplomatic relations with Cuba, to begin that process to hopefully someday getting to normalize that relationship. But it’s two separate things. One, it’s diplomacy, and down the road is normalization.” In addition, as a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Emmer focused on three issues in questioning Administration witnesses: reparations for Cubans who have been persecuted by the Castro regime, payments for U.S. interests that lost property to the regime and safe harbor of U.S. fugitives within Cuba. Emmer also said or suggested if certain conditions are met he could support ending the embargo.\nAnother Minnesota Republican Representative, Rep. Erik Paulsen, said, “We should be looking at opportunities to open up trade between the United States and Cuba so we can export more American goods and services. However, the President should have engaged Congress before making concessions to the Cuban government.” (Id.) It may also be significant that his district includes the headquarters of Cargill Incorporated, the leader of the United States Agricultural Coalition for Cuba\nThus, there are at least 40 Representatives who appear to be in favor of this reconciliation with differing levels of commitment.\nThere are two pending bills, both relating to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba that can be seen as opposing reconciliation, as of February 10.\nThe first is H.R.654 (Naval Station Guantanamo Bay Protection Act). It was introduced by David Jolly (Rep., FL) with 36 Republican cosponsors, none of whom is from Minnesota. [8] It was referred to the Foreign Affairs Committee.\nThe other bill (H.R.401: Detaining Terrorists to Protect America Act of 2015) which would prohibit the release or transfer of certain Guantanamo Bay detainees and the construction or modification of any other facility to house such detainees. It was offered by Representative Jackie Walkorski (Rep., IN) with 29 Republican cosponsors, of whom 17 were not cosponsors of H.R.654. [9] It was referred to the Armed Services Committee.\nAccordingly there are at least 54 Representatives on the record against reconciliation. Three of them are Cuban-Americans (Carlos Curbello, Mario Diaz–Balart and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen) with the latter two being the most vocal in their persistent criticism of reconciliation. Another Cuban-American Representative (Albio Sires (Dem., NJ)) has not been an author or cosponsor of any of these bills, but his website includes a rejection of the President’s decisions to seek reconciliation with Cuba. [10]\nAs a supporter of reconciliation, I am anxious that this year both houses of Congress abolish the embargo and support other measures to promote that reconciliation. Therefore, I urge all supporters to say thank you to those legislators who already are on our side, to identify the “undecided” legislators and seek to persuade them to become supporters and to inform our fellow citizens of the important issues in this controversy and to seek to persuade them to be supporters.\n[1] The 13 cosponsors of S.299 are the following: John Boozman (Rep., AR), Barbara Boxer (Dem, CA), Thomas Carper (Dem., DE), Susan Collins (Rep., ME), Richard Durbin (Dem., IL) ), Michael Enzi (Rep., WY), Amy Klobuchar (Dem., MN), Patrick Leahy (Dem., VT), Jerry Moran (Rep., KS), Jack Reed (Dem., RI), Debbie Stabenow (Dem., MI), Tom Udall (Dem., NM) and Sheldon Whitehouse (Dem., RI). Senator Moran also spoke in favor of ending the embargo at the launch of the United States Agricultural Coalition for Cuba.\n[2] The four cosponsors of S.RES.26 who were not cosponsors of S.299 are the following: Sherrod Brown (Dem., OH), Benjamin Cardin (Dem., MD), Tim Kaine (Dem., VA) and Barbara Mikulski (Dem., MD).\n[3] The 26 Republican cosponsors of S.165 are the following: John Barrasso (WY), Roy Blunt (MO), John Boozman (AR), Richard Burr (NC). John Cornyn (TX), Tom Cotton (AR), Ted Cruz (TX), Joni Ernst (IA), Deb Fischer (NE), Lindsey Graham (SC), Orrin Hatch (UT), James Inhofe (OK), Johnny Isakson (GA), Ron Johnson (WI), Mark Kirk (IL), James Lankford (OK), Mike Lee ((UT), John McCain (AZ), Jerry Moran (KS), Pat Roberts (KS), Mike Rounds (SD), Jeff Sessions (AL), Dan Sullivan (AK), Thom Tillis (NC), Pat Toomey (PA) and Roger Wicker (MS).\n[4] The 27 Democratic Representative cosponsors of H.R.403 are Karen Bass (CA), William Clay (Mo), Steve Cohen (TN), John Conyers, Jr. (MI), Keith Ellison (MN), Sam Farr (CA), Chaka Fattah (PA), Raul Griaiva (AZ), Jared Huffman (CA), Sheila Jackson Lee (TX), Eddie Johnson (TX), Henry Johnson (GA), Barbara Lee (CA), Betty McCollum (MN), Jim McDermott (WA), Gregory Meeks (NY), Gwen Moore (WI), Rick Nolan (MN), Eleanor Holmes Norton (DC), Collin Peterson (MN), Jared Polis (CO), Janice Schakowsky (IL), Bennie Thompson (MS), Tim Walz (MN) and Maxine Waters (CA).\n[5] A prior post listed the members of the seven House committees that have jurisdiction over different portions of the three bills to end the embargo.\n[6] The 12 cosponsors of H.R.664 are Kathy Astor (Rep., FL), Jason Chaffetz (Rep., UT), Kevin Cramer (Rep., ND), Rosa DeLauro (Rep., CT), Sam Farr (Dem., CA), Barbara Lee (Dem., CA), Thomas Massie (Rep., KY), James McGovern (Dem., MA), Charles Rangel (Dem., NY), Chris Van Hollen, (Rep., MD), Nydia Velazquez (Dem., NY) and Peter Welch (Dem, VT).) Of this group, eight were not sponsors or cosponsors of H.R.403 (Chaffetz, Cramer, DeLauro, Massie, McGovern, Van Hollen, Velazquez and Welch). Cramer also announced his support for ending the embargo at the launch of the U.S. Agricultural Coalition for Cuba.\n[7] Henry, Emmer on Cuba embargo: ‘Clearly that’s not working, MINNPOST (Feb. 6, 2015). The third Minnesota Republican Representative, John Kline, appeared to be less receptive to ending the embargo. He said he’s “not confident the Administration will follow through on its promises to hold the Castro dictatorship regime accountable, and I’m concerned about revisiting relations with Cuba until all Cubans enjoy a free democracy.”\n[8] The 36 Republican cosponsors of H.R.654 are Gus Bilirakis (FL), Michael Burgess (TX), Bradley Byrne (AL), Jason Chaffetz (UT), Mike Coffman (CO), Carlos Curbello (FL), Rodney Davis (IL), Ron DeSantis (FL), Mario Diaz-Balert (FL), Bill Flores (TX), Trent Franks (AZ), Louie Gohmert (TX), Trey Gowdy (TN), Andy Harris (MD), Richard Hudson (NC), Duncan Hunter (CA), Darrell Issa (CA), Bill Johnson (OH), Jeff Miller (FL), Alexander Mooney (WV), Richard Nugent (FL), Gary Palmer (AL), Robert Pittenger (NC), Bill Posey (FL), Reid Ribble (WI), Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (FL), Keith Rothfus (PA), Matt Salmon (AZ), Austin Scott (GA), Marlin Stutzman (IN), Jackie Walorski (IN), Randy Weber (TX), Roger Williams (TX), Joe Wilson (SC), Ted Yoho (FL) and Ryan Zinke (MT). Diaz-Balert and Ros-Lehtinen are Cuban-Americans who have been and are most vocal in their criticism of reconciliation. Rodney Davis, however, spoke in favor of ending the embargo at the launch of the United States Agricultural Coalition for Cuba and should not be viewed as completely hostile to reconciliation.\n[9] The 29 Republican cosponsors of H.R.401 are Andy Barr (KY), Susan Brooks (IN), Bradley Byrne (AL), Mike Coffman (CO), Paul Cook (CA), Ander Crenshaw (FL), Trent Franks (AZ), Andy Harris (MD), Jaime Herrera Beutier (WA), Duncan Hunter (CA), Darrell Issa (CA). Sam Johnson (TX), Doug Lamborn (CO), Robert Latta (OH), Luke Messer (IN), Mick Mulvaney (IN), Richard Nugent (FL), Steven Pearce (NM), Robert Pittenger (NC), Ted Poe (TX), Mike Pompeo (KS), Todd Rokita (IN), Aaron Schock (IL), Austin Scott (GA), Christopher Smith (NJ), Brad Wenstrup (OH), Joe Wilson (SC), Robert Wittman (VA) and Ryan Zinke (MT). Of these cosponsors, 16 (Barr, Brooks, Herrera, Sam Johnson, Lamborn, Latta, Messer, Mulvaney, Pearce, Poe, Pompeo, Rokita, Schock, Smith, Wenstrup and Wittman) were not cosponsors of H.R.654.\n[10] Hook, Exile Haunts Cuba-American Lawmakers, W.S.J. (Dec. 20-21, 2014).\nPosted on February 11, 2015 February 18, 2015 Categories History, Law, Other countries, PoliticsTags Al Franken, Albio Sires, Amy Klobuchar, Carlos Curbello, Chjarles Rangel, Chris Coons, Chris Murphy, Cuba, David Jolly, Erik Paulsen, Guantanamo Bay Cuba, H.R. 274, H.R. 403, H.R. 570, H.R. 635, H.R.401, H.R.634, H.R.654, H.R.664, H.R.735, H.r.738, Harry Reid, Jackie Walkorski, Jose Serrano, Kelly Ayotte, Marco Rubio, Mark Sanford, Pat Robertson, President Barack Obama, President Raul Castro, Radio Marti, Rand Paul, reconciliation, Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart., Representative Betty McCollum, Representative Bobby Rush, Roberta S. Jacobson, S.165, S.299, S.RES.26, Senator Jeff Flake, Senator Jerry Moran, Senator Richard Durbin, Senator Robert Menendez, Tammy Baldwin, Ted Cruz, Television Marti, Tom Emmer, U.S. designation of Cuba as \"State Sponsor of Terrorism\", U.S. embargo of Cuba, U.S. exports to Cuba, U.S. House of Representatives, U.S. regulations, U.S. Senate, U.S. travel to Cuba, United States of American (USA)4 Comments on United States Government’s Reactions to U.S.-Cuba Reconciliation","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1506197"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5288470387458801,"wiki_prob":0.5288470387458801,"text":"Heterosexual privilege\nBy Erin Hortle\n24.Feb.17\nI recently became engaged and what’s surprised me the most, in and amongst the chaos of emotions I’ve experienced since the ‘engagement moment’, is how profoundly sad I feel about it. This is best encapsulated in the moment when I told my family. My father was so happy for my partner and I that tears glazed his eyes. But my own vision wobbled because I felt sad for my brother, sitting across the table from me, grinning selflessly as he toasted my happiness and future – a happiness and future that the state denies him. The realisation of precisely what an engagement means and what it feels like brought with it a true awareness for me of what is being denied to others.\nFor me, marriage equality has always been more of a political than personal issue. This, despite the fact I have several close friends in non-heterosexual relationships. But perhaps this was the root of the problem: I’d approached the inequality intellectually and whenever I needed to personalise it, I always did so by way of my discriminated-against friends. I was that self-righteous heterosexual: I care because I have gay friends. I thought I was empathising but, as I can now recognise, I was doing a rubbish job of it. I was approaching the issue abstractly and impersonally because I hadn’t yet imagined how marriage could be personal for me, and thus relatedly, hadn’t imagined precisely how personal the lack is for others. My empathy was hollow – politically nuanced and well intentioned, but hollow. It became a personal issue when my partner and I were bushwalking and he fashioned me a button-grass ring and we both nearly cried because of how shockingly new and intense everything was in that moment.\nMarriage is an institution many heterosexuals take for granted, as an idealised and attainable white-wedding dream, as an easy excuse for a loved-up party, or merely as a convenient way to formally mark an intention to commit. According to the ABS, 113,595 couples asked each other the marriage question in 2015; averaged out, this works out to be 311 couples every day of the year. Perhaps more. Probably, there were some that never made it to their chosen alter because their relationship fell apart or because they decided that actually, marriage wasn’t for them. And really, that’s the crux of it. When contemplating a life together, heterosexuals enjoy the privilege of choosing to marry or not.\nThis was the privilege my partner and I were exercising the day that we got engaged. We decided we would get married just as other people in heterosexual relationships choose not to, and the state doesn’t really care either way. It only cares that gay people do not. ‘They’ are free to not marry, and be happy with that choice. As Senator Abetz so kindly reminded the nation last year, Dolce and Gabbana are gay and they don’t want to get married. As so many conservatives rationalise, ‘they’ can choose to spend the rest of their lives with their loved ones, ‘they’ don’t have to get married to do that. But this option, even when characterised by nothing but love and commitment, is always negatively restricted – necessarily decided, if only in small part, in reference to what the state disallows.\nThe day my partner and I got engaged, traipsing through the south-west of Tasmania, all I could think was that, not only would the words we said have been different if he were a woman or I a man, the emotional atmosphere would have also been different. Our moment wouldn’t have been characterised by unchecked optimism and nervous euphoria, or at least, not wholly; it would have been marred, in part, by an awareness of an inequality, and an inequality that has a violent history and present. Take, for example, the context of Tasmania, where homosexuality was not decriminalised until 1997.\nIn 1994 the United Nations Human Rights Committee condemned Tasmanian laws, sparking a national debate as to whether or not the federal government had the power to override discriminatory state statutes. Jump forward to the twenty-first century and the opposite is occurring: the government has been pressuring states and territories to conform to its image of marriage as an exclusively heterosexual institution. When, in 2013, the ACT passed an act legalising same-sex marriage, the Commonwealth, headed by freshly minted PM Tony Abbott, appealed against the legislation in the High Court. The Court decided that the ACT’s Marriage Equality Act was inconsistent with the federal Marriage Act, stating in its summary of judgements: ‘The Court held that the Federal Parliament has power under the Australian Constitution to legislate with respect to same-sex marriage, and that under the Constitution and federal law as it now stands, whether same-sex marriage should be provided for by law is a matter for the Federal Parliament.’ The thirty-one couples who wedded in the brief period same-sex marriage was legal in the ACT subsequently had their marriage nullified.\nThis judgement was facilitated, in no small part, by John Howard’s Marriage Amendment Bill of 2004, which included, for the first time, a definition of marriage as the ‘voluntarily entered-into union of a man and woman to the exclusion of all others’. Howard’s agenda in amending the Marriage Act was blatant; in a press conference held at the time, he told reporters: ‘We’ve decided to insert this into the Marriage Act to make it very plain that that is our view of marriage and to also make it very plain that the definition of a marriage is something that should rest in the hands, ultimately, of the parliament of the nation.’\nMy partner and I were privileged because in the moment when we murmured our love to one another and contemplated whether or not we should celebrate that love with marriage, the spectres of John Howard, Tony Abbott, Eric Abetz, Cory Bernardi –whose newly formed Conservative Party is, in large part, devoted to opposing marriage equality – and the rest of their posse were nowhere in sight. There was no-one lurking in the wings, hissing: no, you can’t have what we have because your love is worth less than ours. We were free to make a choice. We were privileged to be able to enjoy the aftermath of that moment: to tell our families, to witness their joy. What we were exercising was both sides of heterosexual privilege: the privilege to be able to love the person you love and to have that love recognised, to have that ‘engagement moment’, which brings with it a mix of anxiety, joy, contentment and, most of all, optimism. It’s a right that is possessively guarded and granted only to a select group.\nSince becoming engaged, I’ve realised that marriage equality isn’t just about non-heterosexual marriages; it’s about all marriages, which is, of course, a concern that drives the conservative campaign. They worry about what gay marriage will do to the institution of marriage. For me, the persisting inequality is tarnishing it right now. It’s only a matter of time until marriage equality is realised. Public support is swelling every day and rumour has it the Turnbull Government is now contemplating a free vote on the issue in parliament – this was one of the reasons Bernardi decided to defect. Many politicians are married; I only hope that, if allowed a free vote, they think back to the moment they made that decision, they remember how they felt, and they realise that they have the power to allow thousands of their constituents to experience that same euphoric nervousness, that same optimism unchecked. Should the government press ahead with their plans for a plebiscite, I hope that the millions of Australian heterosexuals are able to do the same. Whether married or not, I hope that Australian heterosexuals are able to understand the depth of their privilege, and help to dismantle its exclusivity for the sake of those systematically discriminated against, and for the sake of all marriages.\nErin Hortle is a writer of fiction and creative nonfiction. Recently, her work has been published in Kill Your Darlings and Island. She is partway through a Creative Writing PhD at the University of Tasmania.\nMore by Erin Hortle\nFrom Hannah on 26 February 2017 at 10.19 am\nAnother thing that comes with heterosexual privledge is the idea that plebiscite is a good thing. This could, and most likely will, backlash on the LGBTQI community.\nIf Howard’s government could so easily amend the marriage act and if it “…should rest in the hands, ultimately, of the parliament of the nation” Why is it that our present government is not capable of doing the same?\nA plebiscite will encourage homophobic groups to protest against marriage equality and create anti-equality propaganda. Some may argue that everyone has the right to their opinion. But, if these group’s discriminatory ideas reach just one fragile LGBTQI teenager or even adult, and they take their life, that is one life too many. All because Australia’s government is, somehow, incapable of making the right decision for Australia and for humanity.\nIt is a hetrosexual privilege to have the right to vote on a marriage law that does not effect their community. It’s our government’s responsibility to set the standard for our country and choose marriage equality.\nFrom Lauren on 28 February 2017 at 2.47 pm\nThanks for this piece. My male partner and I got engaged in November, but are not going to get married as a political statement until the legislation changes and gay people can also access this privilege. I’m not suggesting you and your partner should necessarily do this, but if you feel strongly about the issue it’s a position worth considering.\nFrom Cynthia on 3 March 2017 at 3.30 pm\nRe: Lauren. But you are still making a choice, in this case, not to get married. By taking this stance all you are doing is showcasing (publicising, flaunting) your CHOICE. Can’t you see that as a slap in the face of those who don’t have any choice, one way or the other? I can’t see how it helps. Isn’t it that we all want everyone to be able to do what makes them happy with their partner, to want for them to get married. So get married. Be happy. That’s what we all want for you and for those who as yet cannot get married but we hope someday will, isn’t it?\nFrom Lauren Sanders on 5 March 2017 at 9.29 am\nFor us, the decision is absolutely not about flaunting choice at all. It’s one of solidarity and protest and, to that end, we are writing to politicians to urge them to support changes to current legislation preventing marriage equality (which we hope will indeed help the cause). I am also a bisexual woman so feel uncomfortable accessing a privilege available to me only because my current partner happens to be a man. It is more important to us to fight for equality and if that means never getting married than we accept that. It doesn’t make us any less happy in our relationship and we look forward to celebrating it when all people can.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line59026"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5187512040138245,"wiki_prob":0.48124879598617554,"text":"Doctor Who The First Question\nPosted bytimewarrior1 December 1, 2020 November 22, 2020 Posted inAce Sophie Aldred, Dalek, Doctor Who, Tardis, The Time Warriors, The Time Warriors VenomTags:colin baker, matt smith, patrick troughton, sylvester mccoy, tom baker\nBy Owen Quinn author o the Time Warriors and Zombie Blues\nIt’s been fifty years coming! Tonight we may or may not discover the Doctor’s name and his greatest secret but did you know it’s been done before? Owen looks back twenty five years to the seventh Doctor’s battle with Nazis, Cybermen and the Lady Peinforte, a witch that knows his greatest secret, the secret that must never be told, Doctor Who?\nIt is the question that has been asked from the very first episode. Even then, the Doctor didn’t know or at least seemed not to. Ian Chesterton calls him Doctor Foreman and the Doctor mutters to himself, ‘Eh? Doctor Who?’. Whilst we learned that he was a Time Lord from Gallifrey who had stolen a magic box who was on the run from his own people, it seemed that was it. Now the question has become legend and is the first question, the oldest question in the universe and one that must never be answered. The answer terrifies the Silence who never want it revealed, so the Doctor must die before he reaches the Fields of Trenzalore where the question will be asked at the fall of the eleventh.\nIt seems a relatively new concept to most viewers but the question was tackled before. During the seventh Doctor’s era at the time of the 25th anniversary, Silver Nemesis saw the introduction of one Lady Peinforte played by Fiona Walker, a sorceress from the 17th century (see video below). It was revealed that she knew the Doctor’s secret and who he really was. In a battle that saw the Cybermen, Peinforte and Nazis race to possess the Nemesis, an ancient weapon of mass destruction from Gallifrey, the Doctor was almost revealed as he came face to face with the witch. She had previously encountered the second Doctor in an unseen adventure in which, somehow, she learned who he was. When they came face to face at the climax of the story, the question was asked: “Doctor Who? Have you never wondered where he came from, who he is?” Ace (Sophie Aldred) replies, “Nobody knows who the Doctor is.” Peinforte grins and answers slyly: “Except me.”\nAll of this was part of the Andrew Cartmel grand plan to reintroduce mystery to the character. We all thought we knew who the Doctor was, but did we really? As the old saying goes, you never really know anyone for sure and here it seemed the Doctor had a secret history. In the novelization of Remembrance of the Daleks, we saw flashbacks to Gallifrey when Omega and Rassilon gained the power of time travel for the Time Lords. Official history always said that these two were responsible but a third person was introduced. Known only as the Other, he was a shadowy figure that ensured that the event took place and when we later discover that the first Doctor had actually arrived on Earth to leave the Hand of Omega, another super weapon, for the Daleks to find, everything we knew went out the window.\nIt was indicated that the Doctor was in fact the Other and may at some point become this character from the dawn of Time Lord history itself. Other theories included that the Doctor had somehow become part of this character in an unseen adventure, almost a host of sorts, possibly at the moment of one of his regenerations Could it be his life as a wandering traveller was merely his way of blowing off steam as the momentous events that shaped the future of the Time Lord race faded into the background? Was he the Other who had somehow become immortal and survived from that day,assuming a new identity to cover some secret?\nWe know from the Three Doctors that Omega had become trapped in an anti-matter universe when he was presumed dead and that Borusa is alive and well in the Tomb of Rassilon at the heart of the Death Zone in the Five Doctors. So why couldn’t the Other have survived too, getting the best deal of the three; the chance to live a life travelling the universe. Could the reason he left Gallifrey be because he was a relic from another time and couldn’t live the life other Time Lords did? Had he in fact changed his own past to lay traps for the Daleks by getting his first incarnation to drop the Hand of Omega in 1963 for the Daleks to avert the Time War itself? If so, then the Doctor’s first meeting with the Daleks has to be seen in a whole new light.\nUp to Remembrance of the Daleks, we thought the Doctor and Susan were just killing time in the 20th century in an Unearthly Child but twenty five years later we discover the Doctor had been there to set the Dalek trap and yet he gave no indication he knew what the Daleks were in the second story ever. Could it be the Tardis took them to Skaro on their second trip because the Doctor, having set his trap, had to ensure his meeting with the Daleks began properly? Which means he did have control over the Tardis after all so this does play into the Other theory. He knew of the Cybermen in the Tenth Planet yet we had never seen him meet them before and they became his second target for mass extermination in the 25th anniversary season in Silver Nemesis.\nThe seventh Doctor reveals a second weapon from Gallifrey, the living statue called Nemesis that is a massive bomb. It knows who he is and again we never saw how he came to get her on television. Lady Peinforte wants the Nemesis and at some point she briefly had it because it told her the Doctor’s secret. The Cybermen also want the statue as do a group of neo Nazis seeking to restore the Reich. It all comes to a climax in an abandoned hangar where Ace is about to be killed if the Doctor doesn’t hand over the Nemesis to the silver giants. They have already killed the last of the Nazis so it’s down to a battle between Peinforte and the Cybermen with the Doctor caught in the middle. Peinforte threatens to reveal all if he doesn’t hand it over to her. However the Doctor doesn’t seem that worried when he gives the power of the Nemesis to the Cybermen. Losing her prize, Peinforte grows angry when she continues: “I shall tell them of Gallifrey, of the Old Time, the Time of Chaos.”. The Cybermen reply that the secrets of the Time Lords mean nothing to them and Peinforte has lost her bargaining chip. Even at the end when Ace asks him directly “Doctor, who are you?” he smiles and puts his fingers to his lips. Now we know that the grand plan would have gone nowhere as you could never reveal the true story of the character. But it worked so well at the time. That second when Peinforte says those delicious words, ‘Doctor Who?’ viewers were on the edge of their seats. Not bad for an era that was generally slammed at the time but is now rightly regarded as containing many classics and the blueprint for the Russell T Davies era.\nIt was also here we learned that at some point a ginger-haired Doctor would become Merlin in another dimension, something that came as a surprise to him. So we know at some point the Doctor will get his wish and become ginger. Indeed, even now the eleventh Doctor is surprised to learn that his name causes such fear in the universe and when he arrives on Trenzalore, no lies can be told and the truth will come out. But why? What is it? Can a name bring down creation itself? In fact could there be more to the Time War than we were first told? The Doctor wiped out two empires in one go, so what is he really capable of? Armies have turned and run away at the mention of his name and he is known as the Oncoming Storm to the Daleks, when they had a memory of him, that is. What is it about the Doctor that is so terrible that the universe itself will hold its breath when the question is asked?\nMcCoy’s era reinvented the Doctor and gave us something to think about. A friend we thought we knew, now has a secret past which he can never speak of. A dangerous past that is too horrible to reveal. For Lady Peinforte, it was a bargaining chip that she was sure would make the Doctor cower in fear and do whatever she wanted him to. To the Cybermen,it meant nothing, but to us on this day, in this place, the Doctor is going to fall. In the Rings of Akhaten, he faces down the sun monster by revealing he knows things, terrible things that can never be said and maybe, just maybe, we are about to have some of those answered. Now, as we know the question will be asked, the first question, the question that must never be answered is about to fall…\nDoctor Who, indeed?\nTime Warriors talk to Alien Nation’s Eric Pierpoint\nHeroes of Doctor Who: Adric","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line712433"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5409107804298401,"wiki_prob":0.4590892195701599,"text":"Why should computational neuroscientists care about the distribution of prime numbers?\nSep 18, 2021 • Aidan Rocke\nMotivation:\nHow could a reasonable scientist make sense of the astonishing developments in number theory over the course of millenia(dating back to Euclid and Eratosthenes) without a precise application in mind? What more, how did number theory singularly avoid developing into a baroque construct; the tragic fate of all pure sciences that aren’t moulded by practical applications? Yet, if not for these developments secure communications and modern cryptography in general would be non-existent. It is as if the best musicians in history developed the fundamentals of jazz music without a particular audience in mind. Each generation of mathematicians passing down their craft in number theory to the next with a consistency and originality unmatched by any other branch of science.\nThe objective of this article is precisely to propose a reasonable explanation.\nThe distribution of primes and information-theoretic mechanisms of human cognition:\nFrom the Prime Number Theorem, we may infer that the number of primes less than \\(N\\) is given by:\n\\begin{equation} \\pi(N) \\sim \\frac{N}{\\ln N} \\end{equation}\nWhat makes the density of primes interesting for an information-theorist is that the typical frequency with which a large integer \\(N\\) is prime is inversely proportional to the information gained from observing that integer \\(K_U(N)\\) multiplied by the constant \\(\\frac{\\frac{d}{dN} 2^N}{2^N} = \\ln 2\\):\n\\begin{equation} K_U(N) \\sim \\log_2(N) \\sim \\frac{1}{\\ln 2} \\cdot \\Big(\\frac{\\pi(N)}{N} \\Big)\t^{-1} \\sim \\frac{\\ln N}{\\ln 2} \\end{equation}\nwhere \\(\\ln N\\) corresponds to the average information gained from identifying a unique object distributed uniformly among \\(N\\) possible locations.\nIn addition, information theory and information-theoretic formulations of human cognition such as the Free Energy Principle provide us with an ideal vantage-point to clarify the nature of Godfrey Hardy’s remarkable insight:\nA science is said to be useful if its development tends to accentuate the existing inequalities in the distribution of wealth, or more directly promotes the destruction of human life. The theory of prime numbers satisfies no such criteria. Those who pursue it will, if they are wise, make no attempt to justify their interest in a subject so trivial and so remote, and will console themselves with the thought that the greatest mathematicians of all ages have found in it a mysterious attraction impossible to resist.-Godfrey Hardy\nThe second half of this quote is crucial as it appears that we may use information-theory to address part of the mystery Hardy refers to. The information-theoretic arguments presented thus far suggest that to a large extent the human brain is an instrument for data compression besides being a movement co-processor. The implicit argument here is that good mathematicians maximise expected surprise(i.e. information gained).\nBesides telling us something profound about the human mind, might this also reveal something important about the distribution of primes? It might, if we first make the reasonable conjecture that all of physics may be simulated by a Universal Quantum Computer. In light of this hypothesis, it is worth considering that a number of reasonable theories of Quantum measurement are not observer-independent. This includes the Wigner-Von Neumann formulation of the measurement problem as well as the Many-World formulation of the measurement problem.\nDeeper investigations in these complementary directions may reveal a direct correspondence between information-theoretic mechanisms of human cognition and the distribution of prime numbers.\nJ. Hadamard, Sur la distribution des z´eros de la fonction ζ(s) et ses cons´equences arithm´etiques, Bull. Soc. Math. France 24 (1896), 199–220; reprinted in Oeuvres de Jacques Hadamard, C.N.R.S., Paris, 1968, vol 1, 189–210.\nAidan Rocke (https://mathoverflow.net/users/56328/aidan-rocke), information-theoretic derivation of the prime number theorem, URL (version: 2021-02-20): https://mathoverflow.net/q/384109\nLance Fortnow. Kolmogorov Complexity. 2000.\nJohn A. Wheeler, 1990, “Information, physics, quantum: The search for links” in W. Zurek (ed.) Complexity, Entropy, and the Physics of Information. Redwood City, CA: Addison-Wesley.\nKarl Friston. The free-energy principle: a rough guide to the brain? Cell Press. 2009.\nHugh Everett Theory of the Universal Wavefunction, Thesis, Princeton University, (1956, 1973), pp 1–140","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line554496"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7053807973861694,"wiki_prob":0.29461920261383057,"text":"Executive Spotlight: Mark Testoni, SAP National Security Services President\nin Executive Spotlight\nAdmin May 29, 2012, 2:54 pm\nMark Testoni\nU.S. national security agencies and critical infrastructure companies have a new name to know for information technology, as SAP Government Support and Services and its Sybase Federal unit have completed an operational realignment and are now doing business as SAP National Security Services.\nMark Testoni is president of SAP NS2 and recently caught up with ExecutiveBiz about the new business he leads, market opportunities and trends in the field.\nExecutiveBiz: What advantages will operating under one roof provide you? What obstacles will you need to overcome to successfully merge operations?\nMark Testoni: SAP has been in the defense and intelligence business for a long time, but historically did not have a huge presence. In the mid-2000s, SAP created a separate unit called SAP Government Support and Services to serve the specialized information assurance needs of certain government customers. In 2008, SAP acquired BusinessObjects to expand our footprint in the analytics space, and in 2011, SAP acquired Sybase, a big data management player.\nAs we went through the vetting process for the Sybase acquisition, specifically looking at implications on defense and intelligence, we discovered that they had a significant business in intelligence in highly classified programs. So we had to change SAP Government Support and Services from a Special Security Arrangement company into a fully independent proxy company to support that business. It took us from a $15 million business in this arena to about a $130 million business overnight.\nI was brought in to meld the two businesses into one software company supporting this market. Now as SAP National Security Services, we have a full complement of capabilities“”data management, business applications, business intelligence and analytics, cloud and mobility solutions“”plus a 100 percent U.S.-staffed and located team to serve our customers. We think the combination is very powerful. SAP NS2 is a fast-growing player in the marketplace, a real alternative to business as usual, with a $17 billion-annual-revenue company standing behind us.\nExecutiveBiz: Were there any challenges you had to overcome to successfully merge those operations to what they are today?\nMark Testoni: The biggest challenge is just trying to get everybody on the same page, and we're probably 90 percent of the way there. There are always some internal procedures and systems that are different, but the biggest challenge is always about change management. We've also aligned our efforts with the SAP teams who handle other defense and civilian accounts, and that has created a substantial force multiplier in the marketplace for SAP.\nWhen I arrived last year, my first priority was to try to align our focus, and that's what we've been doing the last six to nine months, in addition to bringing on more talent. I find this extremely exciting. Given the market situation, there is not a better time to be rolling out this message and this company, because our customers are looking for new models to reduce costs and drive innovation more quickly.\nExecutiveBiz: How has SAP's data analytic strategy evolved since 2010, and how will your company continue to innovate as demand for analytics increases?\nMark Testoni: Although business process transformation is still our core strength, the management of information is becoming paramount. There are two facts driving this trend. One is that in the last two or three years, we've doubled the total amount of information ever created by man, and we know the growth will continue to be exponential. And we are just scratching the tip of the iceberg on all the data created by social media. This is the big data challenge that we hear so much about in business and government.\nSAP is now a far broader transformational company, from improving business processes to helping organizations analyze and act on information. The evolution of cloud computing is also a huge focus for SAP and allows us to deliver these capabilities more rapidly to our customers.\nWe're also focusing heavily on data management and analytics. We rolled out a new product in the last 18 months called SAP HANA, which fuses hardware, memory and software together to increase the speed and volume of information that can be managed and turned into actionable information. Some of our largest corporate customers are taking advantage of this and getting almost real-time information on all aspects of their business.\nToday, we are working with the federal government on a significant number of big data management projects. In fact, some of the largest and most complex databases in the world run on SAP.\nExecutiveBiz: Is the goal of organic versus acquired growth changing in the lean budget environment, and where are growth opportunities?\nMark Testoni: If we look at the overall government piece of pie, it's going to continue to get smaller. The US has nearly doubled our debt and deficits over the last five years. We're going to see that reflected in budgets in years to come. There are only two ways to grow in that environment: one is to acquire other businesses, and the other is to take more market share. Either way, those who bring innovation to market rapidly, at low cost, will be the ones who succeed. Beyond our own initiatives, a major component of our growth will come from other great companies extending new innovations on our platform.\nWhen it comes to NS2, we think that there are new ways to offer capabilities to the government. We see our opportunity in offering high-end data management and business transformational capabilities in different ways, perhaps through alternative acquisition models that make it easier for the government to innovate and cost them less money. There's going to be a big market for that. The convergence of the volumes of information, the demands for faster analysis of it, and the budget cuts will put pressure on companies to do business with the government in ways we haven't ever done before.\nExecutiveBiz: What next-generation technologies do you see that will deliver significant cost savings to the U.S. public and enable more productivity in the public sector?\nMark Testoni: The biggest challenge for government today, similar to the private sector, is the dollars. Investing in long-term projects that cost a lot of money for less-defined outcomes is no longer the norm. Managing and analyzing information as it happens with fewer hardware resources“”that's going to be huge. The ability to assimilate that information from many places and sources is critical as well.\nIf you go back 10 years, companies would say, “Come on to our platform and get all the information into one place, and then you can get all this great analytics.“ This is not so feasible anymore, when new data sources are being created all the time. Those who can integrate, pull together and access and manage data rapidly and turn it into actionable information at lower cost are going to be the successful players, and I'm excited about where we are in that space.\nExecutiveBiz: How do you think the IT needs of the military will change with the drawdown of combat forces and with changes in global military policy?\nMark Testoni: I was in the military in the “˜70s, and we worried about having enough tanks to stop our adversary from rolling across Europe. Today, we worry about networks and our ability to sustain command-and-control as we face threats we couldn’t conceive of 35 years ago. We have to be able to move our troops in the field rapidly, and that depends on information and communications.\nWe're also going to have to provide great protection for our networks and leverage equipment to do things that humans used to do. Controlling and securing the information network is going to be the driving factor in a much smaller, much more agile military. Against this backdrop, the military must rapidly leverage commercially available solutions to support this environment. This creates many opportunities for our company and others moving forward.\nExecutiveBiz: How does the company decide which technologies to adapt for the public sector?\nMark Testoni: Business problems in the private and public sectors are often the same. The US government has as large an information-management problem as any company in the world. The way they acquire technology often isn't as nimble, but that's going to change. I believe we're at an inflection point inside government, and we're actually going to see some dramatic changes over the next decade. I guarantee you that SAP NS2 will be an organization that actually helps alter the way the government acquires and pays for the management of information and business processes.\nLockheed Submits Proposal For AF Aircrew Training System\nGeneral Atomics to Modernize Italy’s MQ-9 Fleet\nBooz Allen Expanding Tech, Cyber Services to Kuwait\nHP Names 30-Year IT Vet George Kadifa Software Group EVP","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1026966"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6880343556404114,"wiki_prob":0.6880343556404114,"text":"Home Uncategorized The top three favourites to win the Champions League this season\nThe top three favourites to win the Champions League this season\nChris Darwen\nThe 2020-21 Champions League is now well underway, and after three matches there are already signs of who the favourites might be to win the competition when the final rolls around. Istanbul will play host to the showpiece match this year, having been the original venue for the 2019-20 final before the coronavirus pandemic meant the final stages of the tournament were all played out in Lisbon.\nAll the usual suspects are among the favourites in the UEFA Champions League odds, and with the group stage already providing some top-drawer entertainment, we could be set for a mouth-watering edition of the Champions League. Here, we run through the top three teams who are fancied to win the competition according to the latest odds.\nIt’s no surprise that defending champions Bayern Munich are the top favourites to lift the trophy again. Last season, the German champions were by far and away the best team in Europe, and this was evident in their 8-2 humiliation of Spanish giants Barcelona in the quarter-finals. In Robert Lewandowski, they have one of the best finishers in the world, and will take some stopping on the road to Istanbul.\nThey already showed signal of their intent in the opening game of this season’s Champions League, when they thrashed Atlético Madrid 4-0 in Munich to kick-start their group stage campaign. The match was proof that although Bayern enjoyed the immense satisfaction of winning their sixth European Cup last season, there is still a desire for even more success.\nWith every passing season, it seems as though Manchester City are tipped as one of the top contenders to win the Champions League, but each year they fail to live up to expectations. It is the one disappointment of Pep Guardiola’s hugely successful reign as Manchester City manager – that he hasn’t been able to land the club’s first Champions League title.\nThis season, there will be even greater pressure on City to avenge their defeat to Lyon in last season’s quarter-finals. They’ve got off to a winning start in their group stage campaign, defeating Porto and Marseille to take maximum points. But while City usually breeze through their group, it’s the knockout stages where they often come unstuck. They have only reached the semi-finals on one occasion, which is poor from a club that spend such large amounts. It will be Guardiola’s chief quest to put that right this season.\nJürgen Klopp’s Liverpool will be on a mission to regain their Champions League crown this season. The 2019 champions have begun the group stage well by beating Ajax, Midtjylland and Atalanta setting themselves up well to qualify for the knockout stages if they can continue their good form in the competition.\nThe Reds’ journey to winning the competition in the 2018-19 season was a memorable one, and set the tone for the club’s Premier League title success in the following campaign. Now the quest has begun to turn those moments of success into a real Anfield dynasty, and further success in the Champions League would cement this Liverpool team’s place in the pantheon of greats.\nPrevious articlePer Mertesacker considers himself to have been a panic buy\nNext articleArsenal players ‘angry’ with Mikel Arteta\nFounder and Editor-In-Cheif of the Ronnie Dog Media Group and therefore WATA, follow me on Twitter.\nWhy Arsenal is Underperforming in the Premier League?\nArsenal at Anfield – More of the same or signs of progress?\nZech Medley: The solution to our defensive woes?\nTactical Analysis: Arsenal Women’s perfect setup in 6-0 win over Reading...\nMatch Analysis October 23, 2018\nCardiff City 2-3 Arsenal: Alexandre Lacazette proves he should start\nMatch Analysis September 3, 2018\nForget Ramsey: Arsenal have a ready-made replacement in young Joe Willock\nPlayer Analysis August 15, 2019\nTactical analysis: How did Arsenal improve in the second half to...\nMatch Analysis October 2, 2018\nU-23 Manager Bould impressed with Mari’s debut match\nColumnist February 17, 2020","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line928104"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6804916858673096,"wiki_prob":0.31950831413269043,"text":"(en) Libertarian Initiative of Thessaloniki: Open assembly against the upcoming anti-labor bill [machine translation]\nDate Sat, 15 May 2021 09:59:23 +0300\nOn Monday, May 10, at 5.30 pm in STHE we call for the creation of an open assembly for the organization of counter-information excursions and actions against the forthcoming unemployment bill. ---- A bill, which after 10 years of capitalist crisis, the greatest burdens of which were lifted on the backs of the working class and the lower social strata with reductions in wages and pensions, increases in retirement limits, increase in the cost of living, introduction of flexible working relationships, privatizations and mass unemployment comes to: ---- Essentially abolish the 8 o'clock leaving the door open for 10 hours of work, to more than double and formalize the unpaid overtime and the Sunday work for more sectors. An essential point and core of thought of the bill, is the consolidation of the individual negotiation for the schedule between employer and employee. There are no classes except individuals and so no collective bargaining / contract will come in front of the individual agreements of bosses and workers who \"as equals\" will discuss and decide whether and how much the latter will work for needs and profits. of the first.\n-To give the final blow to the trade union freedoms, with ND taking the baton from SYRIZA by perfecting the digital file of the unions and the establishment of electronic voting, something that in combination with the order of the previous government is required to double the number of employees. , essentially abolishes it as a means of claiming and fighting the workers. At the same time, it is stipulated that at least 40% of the employees of companies and institutions whose operation is considered critical for society as a whole must work even in the event of a strike.\nEmployers are also given the opportunity to invoke psychological or physical violence during the strike guarding, which automatically leads to dismissal and criminal prosecution, while the strike will be deemed illegal and the company will be able to claim compensation.\nAt the same time, through the assembly, the aim is to highlight the lack of protection measures in the workplace that cost the health and lives of many employees. This concerns both the pandemic during which no measures have been taken in factories, shopping malls, schools with workers moving to and from work stacked on buses, but also the wider working conditions intensified with the capitalists they are constantly putting their profits from our lives higher on the scales.\nThe need to rally the base against this bill is imperative, it comes in as the main tip, but it stands for us as another touch, perhaps the final one, in the frame of the cycle of the current history we are experiencing.\nA new cycle of intensification of the capitalist crisis accelerated by the pandemic, a cycle of even more massive unemployment and poverty, a cycle of even more violent restructuring of labor relations, a cycle of intensive privatizations, a cycle where within a year of quarantine bills have passed billions to prepare the country for war and repression; A cycle where immigrants live in a perpetual hell from the borders to the detention centers and are not given the opportunity to work, to be educated,\nThe struggle against wage labor, the struggle against the state and capitalist organization of society itself, the struggle for a transition to a world without oppression and exploitation, presupposes and dialectically links with the struggle we must give as part of the working class, as part of the oppressed, through the unions but also through political and social formations, against the specific bill.\nAgainst the bureaucratic and contractual logics that led the working class and society to the degeneration of both the unions and the mass struggles of 2010-2012, with the first stop the interventions next week in the context of the nationwide campaign and in order to create a group who will be able to stand in the small and big events of the coming weeks by opening the issue in neighborhoods and workplaces, we invite to an open meeting on Monday 10 May at 17.30 in STH.\nAnarchist Group of Pyranthos\nPueblo Anarchist Collectivity\nLibertarian Initiative of Thessaloniki\nOccupation Terra Incognita\nThessaloniki Counterattack (group of anarchists and communists)\nhttps://libertasalonica.wordpress.com/2021/05/11/\nPrev by Date: (ca) cgt catalunya: Concentración contra la explotación que mata: CIDAC culpable de la muerte de Xavi\nNext by Date: (en) Ireland, Derry Anarchists - about us","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line438460"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6837837100028992,"wiki_prob":0.31621628999710083,"text":"Coronavirus Update Preventive Measures\nWith the upcoming Olympic Games in Tokyo, coaches and swimmers are very concerned about the Coronavirus spread in Asia, and rightfully so. An upper respiratory infection caused by this virus can not only take a swimmer out of competition, but it can also be life-threatening.\nWhile the total numbers of Coronavirus infection cases in China have been reported at 15,000, no one knows the true numbers. As of March 4, we no longer know the exact numbers of confirmed cases of Coronavirus infection diagnosed in the United States, according to the Center for Disease Control. Cases are being reported on a state-by-state basis. The virus does spread from human to human contact, so some schools are closing temporarily. We won’t know the outcome of this virus for some time, but the World Health Organization has already declared it as a Global Emergency.\nAs a physician, here are five recommendations I offer as preventive measures for Coronavirus or other viral illnesses.\nDo not travel to China, South Korea, Iran, Japan, Hong Kong and Italy in the near future (or other parts of Asia). Avoid contact as much as possible with other humans with upper respiratory infections. Wash hands after coming into contact with any ill human beings. Stay warm, well-hydrated, well-nourished and avoid sleep deprivation. Take Platinum Immune Support (two capsules) daily as a preventive measure Platinum Immune Support contains Bovine Colostrum.\nColostrum is the early-formed breast milk than contains a very high percentage of protein and antibodies, which have strong antiviral and antibacterial properties. Bovine means it comes from cows (not humans) but has been shown to contain similar quantities of antibodies as human Colostrum. Colostrum has not been listed as a banned substance by WADA. Anecdotally, we have a very positive experience using Platinum Immune Support. We sent 17 Race Club swimmers to Beijing for the Olympic Games in 2008. All were taking Platinum Immune Support daily and none of our Race Club swimmers got sick.\nWhenever I feel a viral illness coming on, I immediately take two capsules of Platinum Immune Support. Typically, by the next morning, the viral infection is completely eradicated. It seems to be much more effective than taking Vitamin C, Echinacea or any other products known for cold or flu prevention.\nFor all of our Race Club members, to help avoid getting ill near major competition, we recommend taking two capsules of the Platinum Immune Support daily from 6 weeks out of the championship meet. Then continue taking the supplement through the competition. After the competition, we recommend going off of the supplement until 6 weeks before the next big meet. It can be taken at any age. However, it seems to work better if the swimmer does not continue taking it all of the time.\nAs we get through the winter flu season, try taking Platinum Immune Support, stay healthy and swim fast!\nCategories: Lane 1, Lane 2, Lane 3, Lane 4","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line258319"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9476776719093323,"wiki_prob":0.9476776719093323,"text":"ISIS Militants Execute British Aid Worker David Haines: Video\nPosted: Sep 13, 2014 / 10:23 AM PDT / Updated: Sep 13, 2014 / 07:24 PM PDT\nBritish aid worker David Haines has been executed by ISIS militants, according to a video posted Saturday to a website associated with the group, making him the third Western captive to be killed by the Islamist extremist group in recent weeks.\nA video released on Saturday, Sept. 13, 2014, shows an ISIS militant executing British aid worker David Haines.\nThe ISIS video post showing Haines’ beheading called his execution “a message to the allies of America.”\nIt is produced very similarly to the videos that showed the executions of American journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff, the last of which included Haines and the threat that he’d be killed next.\nThe new video pictures a masked ISIS militant placing his hand on another captive, whom he identified as Alan Henning, a British citizen.\nIn a tweet, British Prime Minister David Cameron called “the murder of David Haines” an “act of pure evil.”\nCameron added, “We will do everything in our power to hunt down these murderers and ensure they face justice, however long it takes.”\nHaines offers brief scripted comments on the video, as does the man who kills him.\nDirecting his remarks at Britain, the executioner — who sounds like the man who killed Foley and Sotloff — says, “Your evil alliance with America, which continues to strike the Muslims of Iraq and most recently bombed the Haditha dam, will only accelerate your destruction and claim the role of the obedient lap dog.\n“Cameron will only drag you and your people into another bloody and unwinnable war.”\nRetired Lt. Col. Rick Francona — an Air Force veteran intelligence officer and CNN military analyst — surmised that if ISIS planned to dissuade Britain for teaming up with the United States, the group will be disappointed.\n“ISIS has just guaranteed British cooperation with the Americans on all phases of what we’re going to be doing,” Francona said. “… I think this is now a Western fight; it’s not just a U.S. fight.”\nBrother: Haines ‘just another bloke’ who lived to help others\nNews of the gruesome killing came the same day that the 44-year-old Haines’ family released a brief message to his captors through the British foreign office.\nIn it, the family says, “We have sent messages to you to which we have not received a reply. We are asking those holding David to make contact with us.”\nHaines’ face became known to the world in the ISIS video, released September 2, in which he looks forward and kneels as a masked ISIS militant stands behind him.\nThe militant says in that video, “We take this opportunity to warn those governments who’ve entered this evil alliance of America against the Islamic State to back off and leave our people alone.”\nBritish officials said after the video’s release that they had sent troops to try to rescue an unidentified British citizen “some time ago,” but failed. They released no other details.\nMike Haines, in a statement early Sunday, through the British Foreign Office, noted that his brother leaves behind two children and his wife Dragana. He described his brother as “just another bloke” whose “childhood was centered around our family” and who was “brought up to know right from wrong.”\nDavid Haines worked for the Royal Mail, then joined the Royal Air Force. He later worked with the United Nations in the Balkans, where “he helped whoever needed help, regardless of race, creed or religion,” according to his brother.\n“During this time, David began to decide that humanitarian work was the field he wanted to work in,” Mike Haines said. “… David was most alive and enthusiastic in his humanitarian roles.”\nAfter working for ScotRail, David Haines went on to get a job as a logistics and security manager for the Paris-based humanitarian Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development.\nHe was abducted in March 2013 near a refugee camp in Atmeh, Syria, where he was working to arrange for the delivery of humanitarian aid to people staying at the camp. He had previously worked on aid operations for victims of conflict in the Balkans, African and other parts of the Middle East, according to an ACTED spokesman.\n“His joy and anticipation for the work he (did) in Syria is, for myself and family, the most important element of this whole sad affair,” Mike Haines said. “He was and is loved by all his family and will be missed terribly.”\nObama: U.S. ‘stands shoulder-to-shoulder’ with Britain\nAnother hostage has been publicly killed by ISIS. Another one’s life has been threatened. And fighters for ISIS — which calls itself the Islamic State, in a nod to its efforts to establish a vast caliphate in the Middle East under its strict version of Sharia law — are continuing to kill innocent civilians in Iraq and Syria.\nThe threat from ISIS has been brewing for some time. Having begun a decade ago as al Qaeda in Iraq — only to be disowned earlier this year by al Qaeda, the group behind the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, for its heavy-handed tactics — ISIS has taken advantage of instability in Syria and Iraq to become one of the most prominent and feared groups in the Middle East.\nISIS, which is also known as the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant or ISIL, managed to become one of the most successful rebel groups working to overthrow Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. It also rampaged through much of Iraq, thwarting seemingly overmatched Iraqi troops and massacring those who did not subscribe to its extreme version of Islam.\nIt wasn’t until last month — albeit before Foley’s killing — that the American military jumped into the fray.\n“It’s a bit like trying to predict an earthquake: You can see pressure building up on the fault lines but not knowing when it’s going to materialize (or how) quickly it can disintegrate,” Rep. Adam Schiff, a California Democrat, said Saturday night. “Those things are very hard to predict.”\nPartnering with the Iraqi military and Kurdish fighters, U.S. warplanes have been striking ISIS targets in Iraq regularly since August 8.\nEarlier this week, President Barack Obama announced that U.S. airstrikes would go after the extremist group in Syria, and perhaps beyond.\n“We will hunt down terrorists who threaten our country, wherever they are,” said Obama, who insisted American troops wouldn’t fight “on foreign soil,” though they will play support roles. “That means I will not hesitate to take action against ISIL in Syria, as well as Iraq. This is a core principle of my presidency: if you threaten America, you will find no safe haven.”\nThe President vowed the United States won’t do it alone. To this end, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry was in Egypt on Saturday seeking that country’s help in the fight against ISIS.\nBritain is one country, at least, that has stepped up — even before Haines’ killing.\nThat includes providing “urgent military support” at the Iraqi government’s request, including heavy machine guns, body armor and nearly half a million rounds of ammunition to Kurdish fighters known as the Peshmerga.\nThe scale of that support, though, could ramp up now with one Briton executed and Henning’s life in limbo.\nTo this end, 10 Downing Street announced early Sunday that Cameron will convene an emergency meeting of his top security officials to discuss what Britain will do next.\nObama released a statement late Saturday after what he called Haines’ “barbaric murder,” offering his support for the aid worker’s family and his native Britain.\n“The United States stands shoulder-to-shoulder tonight with our close friend and ally in grief and resolve,” the President said.\n“We will work with the United Kingdom and a broad coalition of nations from the region and around the world to bring the perpetrators of this outrageous act to justice, and to degrade and destroy this threat to the people of our countries, the region and the world.”\nThe murder of David Haines is an act of pure evil. My heart goes out to his family who have shown extraordinary courage and fortitude.\n— David Cameron (@David_Cameron) September 13, 2014\nWe will do everything in our power to hunt down these murderers and ensure they face justice, however long it takes.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line938430"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9656147360801697,"wiki_prob":0.9656147360801697,"text":"Sports stars of future rise to their awards\nNewcastle's reputation for developing and supporting top-class sporting talent will be further enhanced at a glittering awards ceremony on Monday.\nFourteen of the city's Rising Stars are due to be honoured at Sport Newcastle's 25th anniversary dinner as the Civic Centre plays host to an array of local and national sporting celebrities.\nAlthough the coveted Sports Personality of the Year forms the centrepiece of next week's event, the dinner has always placed a strong emphasis on those taking first steps towards acclaim.\nPrevious recipients of Rising Stars awards have included Olympic triple jump gold medallist Jonathan Edwards and Newcastle United's highly-rated England Under-21 international Shola Ameobi.\nIn keeping with past dinners, Monday's guest list reads like a Who's Who of emerging sporting talent representing a diverse range of events. Over the next two days we look at all 14 winners, with first reports and pictures from the Sport Newcastle dinner to follow on Tuesday.\nMICHAELA HUNTER\nTHE 14-year-old judo enthusiast attends Walbottle High School and is a key member of the Newburn club. Michaela won 12 medals in 2001, including six golds, and has represented Great Britain. She clinched gold for her country in Holland last year and her coaches predict even greater success in the future.\nIAN GRAHAM\nWESTERHOPE Tae Kwon Do Club produced this 17-year-old master of one of the world's fastest growing martial arts. Ian achieved Black Belt 1st Dan in 1999 and has dominated the British junior scene since 1996. In five years the Walbottle Campus student clinched successive British 13-18 age group championships and was crowned Under-18 World Champion in Detroit last year.\nCHARIS YOUNGER\nBASKETBALL is Britain's fastest growing youth sport and Charis is one of the country's most exciting emerging talents. The 13-year-old is a regular in the Tyne and Wear Cadette (Under-16) side and claimed a silver during her time with England's Under-14 squad last year. The Central Newcastle High School pupil will represent her country at Under-14 and Under-16 level in 2002.\nNEWCASTLE KBS Diamonds won the Premier League title last summer and Rob was a first-team regular as the city's speedway club enjoyed long-awaited success at Brough Park. Rob made his debut as a professional on his 16th birthday and has never looked back since - at 17 he is one of the country's most highly-rated riders.\nKELLY FROGGATT\nNEWBURN Judo Club coach Joe Laws has consistently produced top-class teenage competitors and Kelly is the latest in a long line of future stars. With three international golds under her belt - and a further 21 medals from domestic competition - few 14-year-olds can hope to match her incredible success.\nHARRY GRIGG\nDAME Allan's Boys School is fast forging a reputation as one of the region's weight-lifting powerhouses under the expert guidance of Liam Friel.\nHarry is the cream of the Fenham school's crop and the dedicated power lifter broke four British records in November 2001 in the Under-18 125kg category.\nSARAH COOK\nTHE Apollo Club is home to a number of rising trampolining stars. Kelly claimed first place in last June's National Qualifiers but broke her arm in two places later that month. With two metal plates inserted, the 16-year-old Kenton School pupil bounced back to take silver at the 2001 National Championships.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1133231"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9880615472793579,"wiki_prob":0.9880615472793579,"text":"The Heart-Wrenching Death Of Ed Asner\nMichael Tullberg/Getty Images\nBy Richard Milner/Updated: Aug. 29, 2021 8:24 pm EST\nBeloved TV actor Ed Asner died on August 29, 2021 at the age of 91 (via Deadline). Asner's official Twitter account posted a heartfelt statement about the much-loved icon's death. \"We are sorry to say that our beloved patriarch passed away this morning peacefully. Words cannot express the sadness we feel. With a kiss on your head — Goodnight dad. We love you.\"\nTributes began to pour in almost immediately. \"Oh Ed Asner Rest In Peace and power friend. what a truly good and honorable human you were .gratitude for all you did for the screen Actors Guild, when it was a true Union bless you,\" tweeted Rosanna Arquette.\nHolly Robinson Peete wrote, \"Oh this hurts. Rest In Peace Ed. Not only an iconic award winning actor but a humanitarian and someone who I worked closely with to support #Autism families. Just crushing. #EdAsner.\"\nEd Asner was a prolific actor\nAsner came into the public spotlight through his stint as the gravely-voiced, yet teddy bear-like newspaper editor Lou Grant on \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\" (1970-1977). He was so well-loved in this role that his character received its own spin-off series, \"Lou Grant\" (1977-1982), in total garnering Asner seven Emmys and five Golden Globes, per IMDb. After that, as Biography tells us, Asner worked in a number of roles in television as he turned to voice work, which culminated in his beloved turn as Carl Fredricksen, the elderly man who carried his house into the sky using balloons in Pixar's \"Up\" (2009). He was also president of the Screen Actor's Guild (SAG) from 1981-1985, per SAG AFTRA.\n\"Lou Grant,\" his character's self-titled television show, had a serious bend and tackled social issues such as gun control and child abuse. Sadly, Asner speculates, this led to the show's cancellation and adversely affected his career, per Deseret News. Asner said, \"Well, you have to make a choice. If you want to get in trouble, then you'll open your mouth. But there's only so much you can do. And if you think you can do greater good by your acting, then stay that way.\"\nTheater actor, veteran, and lifelong activist\nElla Hovsepian/Getty Images\nYitzhak Edward Asner was born in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1929, to a Russian, orthodox Jewish family, as the Jewish Virtual Library says, and was raised just over the state line in Kansas City, Kansas (via Kansaspedia). Asner showed an interest in acting during his time at the University of Chicago, per Biography, and once he finished serving in the U.S. Army's Signal Corps in the 1950s, moved to New York City to pursue a career in theater. In his own words, as he said in a 2016 interview with Variety, he \"arrived in September, and by December... was doing that one-night show at the Phoenix.\" He also starred in Brecht's renowned play, \"The Threepenny Opera,\" as well as Chekhov's \"Ivanov.\" The transition to working in front of a live studio audience for \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show,\" therefore, presented for him none of the problems it did his co-stars.\nAsner, a member of the Democratic Socialists of America who developed his \"worker first\" ethics while employed at a General Motor's factory in his 20s, has received a lot of blowback for his activism over the years. In 1982, he sought to raise funds for medical aid for rebels against El Salvador's military-led government, as NNDB says, and this is when sponsors pulled out of \"Lou Grant.\" He also sought a retrial for Black Panther member Mumia Abu-Jamal, a pardon for Native American activist Leonard Peltier, and helped fund Michael Moore's first film, \"Roger & Me\" (1989). Asner was so vocal, in fact, that some dubbed him \"Lou Rant.\"\nVoice actor, poker fan, and supporter of neurodivergent individuals\nAlbert L. Ortega/Getty Images\nOf course, younger readers will recognize Asner's gruff voice from Pixar's \"Up\" (2009). Asner, who in a 2021 interview on YouTube said he \"still cries at 'Up',\" described on Syfy Wire how he saw himself in \"Up's\" protagonist, 78-year old widower Carl Fredricksen. Pixar called up Asner, specifically, and said they wanted to make a film \"not about a toy, not about a car, not about a bug or a rat, but about a cranky 78-year-old man with a dream,\" to which Asner replied, \"Sounds like me.\" Asner had also done voice work in the TV shows \"Spider-Man,\" \"Batman: The Animated Series,\" \"Gargoyles,\" and \"Freakazoid,\" as well as Bioware's classic \"Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic\" video game.\nAt age 90, as he said on Fabiosa, Asner advised \"working, reading, and being with people that can excite you\" to stay healthy and happy. He continued, \"I can't reach beyond my head, but if I can scratch my head, I can still work.\" Asner was also a huge fan of poker, and, as PR Newswire shows, kicked off numerous celebrity charity poker events such as the annual \"Ed Asner & Friends Celebrity Poker Tournament,\" the proceeds of which went to The Ed Asner Family Center (TEAFC). As their website says, they support neurodivergent individuals and their families. Asner himself, as he stated on Variety, was autistic.\nAsner is survived by his four children from two marriages.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line940589"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6570041179656982,"wiki_prob":0.6570041179656982,"text":"United States Senator Lindsey Graham\nVisiting D.C.\nPresidential Greetings\nOp-Eds/Columns\nCo-Sponsored Bills\nVisiting South Carolina\nLindsey's Kid Page\nSenate Facts\nE-mail Senator Graham\nMyrtle Beach Area Chamber Backs Export-Import (Ex-Im) Bank Reauthorization\nTate Zeigler (202-224-5972) or Kevin Bishop (864-250-1417)\nWASHINGTON – U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham (R-South Carolina) today welcomed the support of the Myrtle Beach Area Chamber of Commerce for reauthorization of the Export-Import (Ex-Im) Bank.\n“I encourage you to support the reauthorization of Ex-Im promptly and provide it with the adequate credit levels to meet the needs of U.S. exporters,” said Brad Dean, President and CEO of the Myrtle Beach Area Chamber of Commerce in a letter to Graham. “Failure to reauthorize Ex-Im will create an unfair disadvantage for American companies, ultimately causing American jobs to move overseas. We cannot afford to not reauthorize Ex-Im.”\nThe Export-Import Bank was established in 1934 and since Ex-Im was last reauthorized in 2006, the bank has returned $3.4 billion to the U.S. Treasury above and beyond the costs of its operations.\n“I truly appreciate Brad Dean and the Myrtle Beach Area Chamber of Commerce for their support of the reauthorization of the Export-Import (Ex-Im) Bank,” said Graham, who has been leading Republican efforts in the Senate to reauthorize the bank as its charter expires May 31.\nThe South Carolina House of Representatives unanimously passed a resolution calling on Congress to reauthorize Ex-Im and encouraging the congressional delegation to vote in support. The South Carolina Senate overwhelmingly passed the resolution, 32-2.\nGraham noted that both small and large businesses in South Carolina have benefitted from Ex-Im. One of the most prominent statewide examples is The Boeing Company which opened the 787 Dreamliner production facility in North Charleston. The facility employs more than 6,000 people in South Carolina and is responsible for thousands of associated jobs.\nIn a letter sent to Graham, Jim McNerney, President and CEO of Boeing, noted that eight out of every ten Boeing 787 Dreamliners now built in South Carolina are expected to be purchased by international customers who are eligible for and routinely seek export credit support from Ex-Im Bank. Without Ex-Im, many of these customers would purchase from Airbus, which is made in Europe and backed by multiple European export credit agencies.\n“The reauthorization of Ex-Im will directly benefit South Carolina’s job creation efforts and manufacturing industries,” said Graham. “It is imperative we continue to grow our ability to export goods made in South Carolina around the world.”\n“I wish we didn’t need an Ex-Im bank,” said Graham. “But other countries have far more aggressive financing regimes in place. The United States cannot and should not unilaterally disarm. However, it is my goal to do more than reauthorize Ex-Im, we should also work to improve its operations. I look forward to working with my Senate colleagues to achieve both goals of reauthorization and improvement of Ex-Im.”\n“Last year, exports from South Carolina increased by 21 percent,” continued Graham. “We need to continue on that path, creating jobs and putting South Carolinians back to work. If Congress does not reauthorize Ex-Im, it will have a devastating impact to both our state and national economy.”\nClick here to view the letter from the Myrtle Beach Chamber of Commerce.\nSouth Carolina Economic Leaders Strongly Support Reauthorization of Export-Import (Ex-Im) Bank\n“Eight out of every ten Boeing 787 Dreamliners now built in South Carolina are expected to be purchased by international customers who are eligible for and regularly seek export credit support from Ex-Im. Without this support, many of our customers would choose to purchase airplanes from Airbus, made in Europe, built by European labor, sold with the aggressive backing of multiple European export credit agencies. ..Jobs in South Carolina are at risk without an extended and robust reauthorization for Ex-Im.”\nW. James McNerney, Jr.\nChairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer\n“Exports are particularly important to the South Carolina economy. If our manufacturing base is to grow, we must continue to expand our ability to export goods from South Carolina facilities. Given the key role the Bank plays in facilitating sales, failure to reauthorize it would be devastating to existing industry and to those we hope to create in the future.”\nLewis F. Gossett\nSouth Carolina Manufacturers Alliance\n“The Bank performs an important function for U.S. companies seeking markets for U.S. made products. The Bank provides credit insurance and export-financing products that fill gaps in trade financing and does not compete with private sector lenders.”\nW. David Hastings\nMount Vernon Mills\n“First, this issue is of critical importance to Boeing South Carolina and their ability to successfully compete with global aircraft manufacturers. Second, the Charleston Metro Chamber of Commerce recently re-established the World Trade Center Charleston. More than 80 percent of Ex-Im’s transactions support small businesses. The World Trade Center Charleston’s goal is to help our region’s small business community to help them expand by selling their products and services on the global marketplace. The Ex-Im is a vitally needed tool to help in expanding local businesses in our region.”\nBryan Derreberry\nCharleston Metro Chamber of Commerce\n“Over the last five years, Ex-Im has assisted more than 47 South Carolina companies from around the state export their products and services throughout the world. Ex-Im plays an important role in supporting South Carolina jobs and exports. …Support for the Ex-Im Bank means support for S.C. exports and S.C. jobs.”\nF. Ben Haskew\nGreenville Chamber of Commerce\n“Last year alone, the Ex-Im supported more than $40 billion in U.S. exports that helped create or sustain 290,000 U.S. jobs at more than 3,600 companies. The Ex-Im is also self-sustaining. In the years since Ex-Im was last authorized in 2006, the bank has returned $3.4 billion to the U.S. Treasury above and beyond the cost of its operation.”\nOtis Rawl\nSouth Carolina Chamber of Commerce\nShare This: https://www.lgraham.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2012/3/post-547cf6f2-802a-23ad-4883-4781d7fc0cb9\nSenate Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism\nSelect an Office Location Washington D.C. Upstate Midlands Pee Dee Lowcountry Piedmont Golden Corner\nGolden Corner\n290 Russell Senate Office Building\nUpstate Office\n130 South Main Street, 7th Floor\n508 Hampton Street, Suite 202\nPee Dee Office\nMcMillan Federal Building\n401 West Evans Street, Suite 111\nFlorence, SC 29501\nLowcountry Office\n530 Johnnie Dodds Boulevard, Suite 202\nPiedmont Office\nGolden Corner Office\n124 Exchange Street, Suite A\nGraham Discusses Democrats' Reckless Tax-and-Spend Spree and More\nGraham Talks Latest News on Cuba and More","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line115984"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5423539280891418,"wiki_prob":0.5423539280891418,"text":"Roblog\nHome About Me Topics Newsletter Books\nCreating creative organisations\nEfforts to foster creativity in organisations often focus on superficial factors. But what does it mean to create a culture that really produces, filters, and implements new ideas?\nMost organisations want to be more creative. Apart from its cultural cachet, creativity is seen as a useful way of coping with the increasing pace of change in an ever-more complex world. But most explorations of how to create creative organisations focus on either the superficial (keep your desk tidy!) or the cargo-culted (adopt your favourite design studio’s five-step process!). Is there anything to be learned from the underlying, ever-relevant dynamics of creativity itself?\nThe psychologist Donald T. Campbell, writing in 1960, suggested a model of how creative ideas spread. Inspired by Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, Campbell proposed three phases in which new ideas and concepts were developed and took root:\nThe variation phase, in which new ideas are generated\nThe selection phase, in which those ideas are put to the test – the weak ones rejected, the strong ones selected\nThe retention phase, in which selected ideas are absorbed by others and integrated into their work\nIn the messy real world, these phases are not a perfectly demarcated linear process. They’re constantly shifting and overlapping. Quirks of organisations’ cultures, staff, and processes lead to strengths and weaknesses in some areas more than others, too. For example, an organisation might have no trouble coming up with new ideas, producing a constant stream of variations, but then struggle to back the right horse or put ideas into practice. Another might have fantastic collaboration and knowledge-sharing, but struggle to diverge from their existing processes and be bound by inertia.\nWhat does it look like to be effective in all three of these phases? Can individuals optimise their environments for one or all of them? Can organisations create an environment in which all three flourish?\nThe variation phase\nThe first crucial phase in the creative process is the variation phase, in which new ideas are suggested. “Variations” are departures from the status quo: changes, new ideas, new processes, new ways of doing things. Without variations, there can be no creativity. Indeed, creativity is often mistakenly thought to involve this stage alone, so focused are we on the “idea generation” aspects of it.\nVariations can be intentional variations, the deliberate result of conscious action, or blind variations that are accidental or even unknown.\nBlind variations occur constantly and without effort: they’re the inevitable side effect of people going about their daily business, making the occasional mistake and bringing their own idiosyncrasies to their work. In particular, a large source of blind variations is the hiring of new people into an organisation, who bring with them different perspectives and different ways of doing things. These variations can be stamped out or they can be nurtured, but it’s nearly impossible to stop them happening in the first place.\nAnother hugely important source of blind variations is the actions of competitors and forces outside the organisation. These behaviours change the situation within the organisation in ways that are unclear, unconscious, and unplanned; they force people to react to and contend with a new reality.\nIntentional variations, on the other hand, are controlled to a great extent by the prevailing culture. Intentional variations occur when people in an organisation are:\nempowered – encouraged to take courses of action that they think are appropriate, instead of always following the same processes and having their actions controlled by others\nencouraged to fail – not punished for deviations that don’t succeed, but rather encouraged to learn and move on\nexplicitly encouraged to innovate – whether as part of their everyday job description, role, and responsibilities or as part of a formal programme of innovation\nIt’s possible to see these qualities through a single lens: variations flourish in cultures that deliberately dismantle the pressure to conform. Wherever there are humans, there are behavioural norms and a collective pressure to adhere to them. This dynamic exists in all kinds of organisations, but is often strongest in organisations with generally strong cultures – something that’s ordinarily considered a virtue. Businesses strive to have a definite sense of “our way of doing things”, to project a clear idea of their culture to the outside world, to attract employees to a specific way of thinking and set of values – but all of these positive traits also encourage conformity. It’s exactly this pressure from the group to conform, and desire on the part of individuals to conform, that acts to suppress variations. And so organisations that want to be creative must fight against it.\nHaving a healthy culture of variation is apparent in a number of ways: when employees challenge those further up the hierarchy, bringing forward new ideas and new processes; when processes evolve with changing circumstance, rather than being set in stone, and so don’t break quite so often; when new products or services emerge without prompting or forcing, bubbling up regularly rather than as the result of some sporadic, conscious, top-down innovation programme.\nThe selection phase\nAs we’ve seen, blind variation occurs constantly, whether we like it or not. Intentional variation can occur frequently too, especially in healthy organisational cultures that empower individuals and nurture healthy non-conformity. But what happens to those variations once they materialise? Which ones stick, and which ones fade away?\nThe clearest and most fundamental selection process comes from what the organisation chooses to explicitly and publicly prioritise and incentivise. The overall strategy set by the leaders of the business creates a cascading set of selection criteria that filters throughout the rest of the organisation.\nWhat happens, though, when that selection criteria is wrong? One particularly common way for selection to become unmoored from reality is the so-called competency trap:\n“The causes of competency traps are perhaps best understood by considering the two, sometimes opposing, forces that drive a company forward: the ‘exploitation’ of their existing products, and ‘exploration’ of future opportunities. Each will require its own resources and investments… A competency trap occurs when the exploitation arm comes to dominate the company’s workings so that it is no longer structurally ambidextrous.”\nThis dynamic is the cause of Clayton Christensen’s “Innovator’s Dilemma”, in which a business that listens to customers, uses data, and maximises their margins ends up blindsided by the disruption of a competitor precisely because they were “doing everything right”. This happens because the business’s selection criteria are wrong: they’re selecting for things that look like successes they’ve had in the past, and rejecting things that diverge from that proven pathway to success. That’s a sure-fire way to ignore a promising trend, a new technology, or an underserved customer segment.\nA healthy culture of selection is open-minded, freed from the power dynamics of the wider business, and entertains ideas that challenge the status quo. It aligns its internal criteria for selection with the fundamental, environmental criteria of the market, the consumer, and the real world in general. It fights the gravitational pull of “exploitation” and consciously incentivises the easy-to-ignore “exploration” arm.\nThat means nurturing unconventional innovation and R&D projects, even ones that threaten the business’s cash cows. It means erasing problematic power hierarchies, where institutional power goes to those with past successes – rather than those with future potential. It means exposing ideas to real criteria as soon as possible – the criteria of the customer and the market, rather than internal opinion.\nThe retention phase\nThe final phase is perhaps the most important: how effectively are the variations that occur and are selected for incorporated into the behaviours of the organisation? Are the ideas actually implemented, or do they remain mere ideas? Are they built upon and evolved? Is there a feedback loop of further development and collaboration?\nIn the process of generating variations, conformity is, as we’ve seen, an obstacle. It can introduce a reluctance to deviate from the standard operating procedure. But a strong culture and a closely woven social fabric is essential for retaining and developing ideas further.\nSo many businesses take this social fabric too far. They have great, collaborative cultures and teams that work fantastically together. As a result, they have much latent potential in the retention phase, but tend to under-perform in the generation of variations – their collaborative culture produces conformity.\nOthers are the opposite. They’re constantly generating variations, but lack an effective culture to retain and develop them. Sometimes this happens because of a lack of sticking power: the ideas that they generate are flashes in the pan, here today and gone tomorrow. This often happens when a small number of people are disproportionately responsible for generating variations, but the wider culture is either unreceptive to them, unequipped to deal with them, or so focused on the day-to-day that they ignore them.\nAt other times, it’s because of an organisational inability to shift from a divergent mode of thinking – coming up with new variations – into an implementation mode. Ideas continue to be questioned indefinitely; decisions are never made, because new variations are always offered. A united front is never presented, and the team never works together to implement their ideas.\nIt’s rare, then, to find organisations that excel at all three phases of creative ideation and implementation. The main reason for that is that they are in some respects directly incompatible. The behaviours that encourage variation – divergent thinking, a disrespect for authority and conventional wisdom – can become obstacles to selection and retention. The behaviours that enhance retention – collaboration and knowledge-sharing – tend to encourage group-think and conformity, and thereby reduce the quantity of variations.\nThe ideal answer is to create a multi-modal organisation: one capable of thinking and behaving in different modes at different times. That means creating not just an extraordinarily flexible organisation, but one that has a level of self-awareness and perspective that’s rare to find – able to determine what situation it’s in and adopt different behaviours accordingly. But that’s not as easy as it sounds, and perhaps represents a far-off target more than a roadmap for change.\nLooking at technology businesses, Simon Wardley has described such multi-modal organisations with his “Pioneers, Settlers, and Town Planners” model of aptitudes:\nThe three aptitudes of Pioneers, Settlers, and Town Planners.\n(Image: Simon Wardley, CC BY-SA 4.0)\nPioneers are those who excel at variation, who are totally unconstrained by the status quo and who come up with ideas that fail more often than they succeed. Settlers are fantastic at selection, choosing which of the pioneers’ crazy ideas to develop further. And Town Planners are brilliant at seeding new ideas into the broadest possible culture, smoothing out any rough edges and accelerating the pace of change to an industrial scale.\nOrganisations that fail at one of the three phases of the creative process often do so because they fail to recruit or fail to recognise people across these three aptitudes. Their internal culture is only capable of functioning in a single mode; every problem is treated as one to be solved by the mode of thinking that the organisation finds most comfortable, whether that’s coming up with endless new ideas or vigorously doubling-down on the ones they have. Finding ways to incorporate other aptitudes and other ways of behaving into your culture might just be the key to unlocking the creative process.\nD. T. Campbell. “Blind variation and selective retention in creative thought as in other knowledge processes” . Psychological Review 67:380-40067:380-400, November 1960\nDean Keith Simonton. “Creative thought as blind-variation and selective-retention: Combinatorial models of exceptional creativity” . Physics of Life Reviews 7:2:156–179, June 2010\n“Evolutionary Epistemology” . Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, January 2020\nHoward E. Aldrich and Martin Ruef. “Organisations Evolving” . SAGE Publications, 2006\nSeth Kaplan, Luke Brooks-Shesler, Eden B. King and Steve Zaccaro. “Thinking inside the box: how conformity promotes creativity and innovation” . “Creativity in Groups”, pp. 229–266. Emerald Books, 2009\nDavid Robson. “How to avoid the ‘competency trap’” . BBC Worklife, June 2020\nClayton Christensen. “The Innovator’s Dilemma” . Harvard Business Review Press, 2016.\nSimon Wardley. “On Pioneers, Settlers, Town Planners and Theft” . March 2015\nIf you enjoyed this, then you might like…\nCommunal creativity\nInformal, loosely coupled groups of people often produce a prolific burst of good ideas, changing the worlds of science, art, and music. But why is that? What conditions are necessary for this super-creativity to emerge, and when has it happened in the past?\nA newsletter you might like…\nOnce a week I mail out a new article and some useful links to interested and interesting subscribers. No spam, ever, I promise.\n© 2003– Rob Miller. I’m a strategist, techie, and marketer from London, where I’m Chief Strategist at big fish®. Find out more…\nText Processing with Ruby\nRSS feed (What’s an RSS feed?)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line240956"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6968333125114441,"wiki_prob":0.3031666874885559,"text":"I. Complexity of Rate Scale\nII. Surcharge on Property Income\nIII. Shape of Rate Scale\nIV. Frequency of Adjustment\nV. Income-Averaging\nChapter 14: Appendix A: Tax Payable Under Alternative Systems: 1974-75 Rates\n35. Chapter 24: Appendix C: Situs of Assets\n24.C1. The common law has various technical rules for determining the situs of an item of property. These rules are based largely on considerations of convenience. Some Australian taxing legislation has relied exclusively on the common law rules: the present Estate Duty Assessment Act, for example, contains no rules as to the situs of assets. Other Australian taxing legislation has modified the common law rules to some extent by introducing rules applying in particular situations: section 13 of the Gift Duty Assessment Act contains a number of rules of this sort.\n24.C2. In the Committee's view the common law rules are not always appropriate in this context: in certain areas, including speciality debts and interests in trust estates, they have been used in the past to avoid tax. The modifications to the common law rules in the Gift Duty Assessment Act are inadequate in some instances and go too far in others. For example, the Act ignores the problem of determining the situs of a trust estate, yet treats shares in a company incorporated outside Australia as being situated in this country if the shares are listed on a branch register of a company in Australia. Shares in a company incorporated in Australia should be taxable under Australian law irrespective of where the register on which the shares are listed is kept, since the company is substantially dependent on Australian law for its existence and continuance. For the same reason, shares in a company incorporated outside Australia should not be treated as being situated in this country even where they are listed on a register in Australia. In the case of a trust estate, the common law rules, which depend on how far the administration of the trust estate has proceeded, should not be followed. An interest in a trust estate, fully administered or otherwise, ought to be treated as situated in Australia only in so far as any of the assets of the trust estate are, on the relevant date, situated in Australia. In determining the extent of the Australian assets, those liabilities of the trust estate not charged against particular assets should be apportioned over all the assets. The Committee can see no justification for imposing a tax on an asset merely because one or more of the trustees reside in Australia or for making the liability for tax depend on whether or not a trust estate has been fully administered.\n24.C3. The rules contained in Article III of the estate duty convention between the United States and Australia provide a reasonable balance. The Committee therefore proposes the following rules, based on that convention:\n(a) Immovable property (held otherwise than by way of security) should be deemed to be situated at the place where the land concerned is located.\n(b) Tangible movable property (held otherwise than by way of security and other than property for which specific provision is made) and bank or currency notes and other forms of currency recognised as legal tender at the place of issue should be deemed to be situated at the place where that property or currency is located, or, if in transitu, at the place of destination.\n(c) Debts (including bonds other than those referred to in (d), bills of exchange and promissory notes, whether negotiable or not), secured or unsecured and whether under seal or not, excluding the forms of indebtedness for which specific provision is made elsewhere in these recommendations, should be deemed to be situated at the place where the debtor is resident. However, if\nthe debtor, at the time when the debt is to be valued, has an established place of business in the country in which the owner of the debt was domiciled and the debts were incurred in carrying on the business of that establishment, the debts so incurred should be deemed to be situated in that country.\n(d) Bonds, stocks, debentures, and other debts being securities, issued by any government, municipality or public authority should be deemed to be situated at the place where that government, municipality or public authority is located.\n(e) Bank accounts should be deemed to be situated at the place where the bank or branch thereof, at which the account was kept, is located.\n(f) Moneys, payable under a policy of insurance or under an annuity contract, whether under seal or not, should be deemed to be situated where the policy or annuity contract provides that the moneys are payable; or, if the policy or annuity contract does not provide where the moneys are payable:\n(i) at the place of incorporation, in the case of a company; or\n(ii) at the place of residence of the person by whom the moneys are payable, in any other case.\n(g) A partnership should be deemed to be situated at the place where the business of the partnership is carried on, but only to the extent of the partnership business at that place.\n(h) Ships and aircraft and shares thereof should be deemed to be situated at the place of registration of the ship or aircraft.\n(i) Goodwill as a trade, business or professional asset should be deemed to be situated at the place where the trade, business or profession to which it pertains is carried on.\n(j) Patents, trade-marks and designs should be deemed to be situated at the place where they are registered.\n(k) Copyright, franchises, and rights or licences to use any copyrighted material, patent, trade-mark or design should be deemed to be situated at the place where the rights arising therefrom are exercisable.\n(l) Rights or causes of action ex delicto surviving for the benefit of an estate of a deceased person should be deemed to be situated at the place where such rights or causes of action arose.\n(m) Judgment debts should be deemed to be situated at the place where the judgment is obtained.\n(n) Shares in a company should be deemed to be situated at the place where the company is incorporated.\n(o) An interest in a trust estate, whether fully administered or otherwise, should be deemed to be situated in Australia only in so far as any of the trust assets are situated in Australia; provided that the liabilities of the trust estate which are not charged against any particular asset may, if the trustee so elects, be apportioned between the Australian and ex-Australian assets on the basis of their respective values but, if the trustee does not so elect, shall be treated as being charged against the ex-Australian assets.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line595253"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9053926467895508,"wiki_prob":0.9053926467895508,"text":"Dozens urge Wisconsin Sen. Ron Johnson to support Merrick Garland vote\nMILWAUKEE — Dozens of people are urging U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson to support confirmation hearings for Supreme Court nominee Merrick Garland.\nThe rally Monday, March 21st inside Milwaukee's City Hall was among about 50 scheduled around the nation with the theme \"Do your job!\" — which participants chanted several times.\nSpeakers came from several liberal groups, including those supporting immigrants' rights and criminal justice reform.\nPresident Barack Obama recommended Garland to replace the late Justice Antonin Scalia, but Republicans have said they won't hold a hearing or vote in an election year.\nSpeakers at the rally said it's the Senate's constitutional duty to vote.\nJohnson's spokesman said he was traveling and not available for comment. Johnson has said he's willing to meet with Garland, but notes he isn't in charge of the confirmation process.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line800105"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6475714445114136,"wiki_prob":0.3524285554885864,"text":"ACE team’s TytoCare partnership in running for top technology award\nBRADFORD Teaching Hospitals has made it to the finals of the Health Tech Newspaper Awards 2020, which celebrate great technology, partnerships, teams and innovations making a difference in healthcare.\nOur Trust has been nominated for the Most Promising Pilot Award as we are the first provider in the UK to partner with TytoCare, the healthcare industry’s first all-in-one, handheld, modular device and AI-powered telehealth platform which provides remote, real-time and on-demand examinations for children and young people.\nThe device enables comprehensive and clinical grade physical exams of the heart, lungs, skin, ears and throat, and measures body temperature and heart rate, to enable remote assessment and management of patients.\nThe project is spearheaded by our outstanding Ambulatory Care Experience (ACE) team, which brings care to unwell children from the comfort of their own home, preventing unnecessary admissions.\nThe partnership between Tyto Care and ACE brings together two healthcare leaders and marks another milestone in the Trust’s journey of digital innovation.\nLet’s keep everything crossed that we will be winners at the finals on October 22!\nFor more information about the ACE team’s partnership with TytoCare, see: https://www.bradfordhospitals.nhs.uk/2019/12/18/tytocare-and-bradford-hospitals-to-join-forces-in-nhs-first/","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1398139"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6503491401672363,"wiki_prob":0.34965085983276367,"text":"We are making on-device AI ubiquitous\n[Editor's Note: This blog post was updated and can be found here: 2020: We are making on-device AI ubiquitous]\nWe envision a world where devices, machines, automobiles, and things are much more intelligent, simplifying and enriching our daily lives. They will be able to perceive, reason, and take intuitive actions based on awareness of the situation, improving just about any experience and solving problems that to this point we’ve either left to the user, or to more conventional algorithms.\nArtificial intelligence (AI) is the technology driving this revolution. You may have heard this vision or may think that AI is really about big data and the cloud, and yet Qualcomm’s solutions already have the power, thermal, and processing efficiency to run powerful AI algorithms on the actual device — which brings several advantages.\nAI is a pervasive trend that is rapidly accelerating thanks to vast amounts of data and progress in both algorithms and the processing capacity of modern devices. New technology can seem to appear out of nowhere, but oftentimes researchers and engineers have been toiling over it for many years before the timing is right and key progress is made.\nAt Qualcomm, we have a culture of innovation. We take pride in researching and developing fundamental technologies that will change the world at scale. AI is no different. We started fundamental research more than 10 years ago, and our current products now support many AI use cases, such as computer vision, natural language processing, and malware detection — both for smartphones and autos — and we are researching broader topics, such as AI for wireless connectivity, power management, and photography.\nWe have a deep machine learning heritage\nWe have a long history of investing in machine learning. In 2007, we started exploring spiking neuron approaches to machine learning for computer vision and motion control applications. We then expanded the scope of the research to look not just at biologically inspired approaches but artificial neural networks — primarily deep learning, which is a sub-category of machine learning. Time and time again, we saw deep learning-based networks demonstrating state-of-the-art results in pattern-matching tasks. A notable example was in 2012 when AlexNet won the prestigious ImageNet Challenge using deep learning techniques rather than traditional hand-crafted computer vision. We’ve also had our own success at the ImageNet Challenge using deep learning techniques, placing as a top-3 performer in challenges for object localization, object detection, and scene classification.\nWe have also expanded our own research and collaborated with the external AI community into other promising areas and applications of machine learning, like recurrent neural networks, object tracking, natural language processing, and handwriting recognition. In September 2014, we opened Qualcomm Research Netherlands in Amsterdam, a hotbed for machine learning research, and have continued to work closely with Ph.D. students working on forward-thinking ideas through our Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship program. In September 2015, we established a joint research lab with the University of Amsterdam (QUVA) focused on advancing the state-of-the-art in machine learning techniques for mobile computer vision. We further deepened our relationship with Amsterdam’s AI scene by acquiring Scyfer, a leading AI company in Amsterdam. Max Welling, a Scyfer founder, is a renowned professor at the University of Amsterdam, where he has focused on machine learning, computational statistics, and fundamental AI research. Scyfer focuses on applying a wide range of machine learning approaches to real-world problems. The Scyfer team will join Qualcomm Research’s machine learning group.\nSuperior power and performance for on-device machine learning\nTo make our vision of intelligent devices possible, we also knew that the machine learning-based solutions would need to run on the device — whether a smartphone, car, robot, drone, machine, or other thing. Running the AI algorithms — also known as inference — on the device versus in the cloud has various benefits such as immediate response, enhanced reliability, increased privacy, and efficient use of network bandwidth.\nThe cloud remains of course very important and will complement on-device processing. The cloud is necessary for pooling of big data and training (currently) that results in many of the AI inference algorithms that run on the device. However, in many cases, inference running entirely in the cloud will have issues for real-time applications that are latency-sensitive and mission-critical like autonomous driving. Such applications cannot afford the roundtrip time or rely on critical functions to operate when in variable wireless coverage. Further, on-device inference is inherently more private.\nWe are not limiting ourselves to only running inference on the device. We also research training AI on the device for targeted use cases such as gesture recognition, continuous authentication, personalized user interfaces, and precise mapping for autonomous driving — in a synergistic cooperation with the cloud. In fact, we have a unique ability to explore future architectures which can benefit from high-speed connectivity and high-performance local processing, resulting in the best overall system performance.\nRunning efficient on-device AI requires heterogeneous computing\nFor over a decade, Qualcomm has been focused on efficient processing of diverse compute workloads within the power, thermal, and size constraints of mobile devices. Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile Platforms have been the SoC of choice for the highest performance mobile devices. AI workloads present another challenge in this regard. By running various machine learning tasks on the appropriate compute engines — such as the CPU, GPU, and DSP — already in our SoC, we offer the most efficient solution. A key example is the Qualcomm Hexagon DSP, which was originally designed for other vector math-intensive workloads but is being further enhanced to address AI workloads. In fact, the Hexagon DSP with Qualcomm Hexagon Vector eXtensions on Snapdragon 835 has been shown to offer a 25X improvement in energy efficiency and an 8X improvement in performance when compared against running the same workloads (GoogleNet Inception Network) on the Qualcomm Kryo CPU.\nThe diversity in architecture is essential and you can’t rely on just one type of engine for all workloads. We will continue to evolve our existing engines for machine learning workloads to maintain our lead in maximum performance per watt. Leveraging our research into emerging neural networks, we are well positioned to extend our heterogeneous computing capabilities to address future AI workloads with a focus on maximum performance per watt. In fact, we envisioned dedicated hardware for running AI efficiently back in 2012.\nWe are democratizing AI at scale\nMaking heterogeneous computing easy for developers is hard. It is not enough just to have great hardware. To bridge that gap, we have introduced the Snapdragon Neural Processing Engine (NPE) Software Developer Kit (SDK). This features an accelerated runtime for on-device execution of convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN) — which are great for tasks like image recognition and natural language processing, respectively — on the appropriate Snapdragon engines, like the Kryo CPU, Qualcomm Adreno GPU, and Hexagon DSP. The same developer API provides access to each of our engines so developers can easily switch their AI tasks from one to another seamlessly.\nThe Neural Processing Engine also supports common deep learning model frameworks, such as Caffe/Caffe2 and TensorFlow. The SDK is a lightweight, flexible platform designed to deliver optimal performance and power consumption by leveraging Snapdragon technology. The SDK is designed to enable developers and OEMs in a broad range of industries, from health care to security, to run their own proprietary neural network models on portable devices. As an example, at this year’s F8 conference, Facebook and Qualcomm Technologies announced a collaboration to support the optimization of Caffe2, Facebook’s open source deep learning framework, and the NPE framework.\nContinued research to expand our AI scope and bring increased efficiency\nWe are in the early days of machine learning journey and deep learning is just one of many machine learning technologies that has the potential to transform computing.\nTo pursue even more sophisticated applications, we continue to advance on multiple fronts:\nSpecialized hardware architectures: A continued focus on low-power hardware, whether enhanced, specialized, or custom, to handle these machine learning workloads\nAdvances in neural network approaches: Research related to training with semi-supervised approaches, unsupervised approaches like generative adversarial networks (GANs), distributed learning, and privacy protecting approaches\nNetwork optimization for on-device applications: Research related to compression, inter-layer optimizations, optimizations for sparsity, and other techniques to take better advantage of memory and space/time complexity\nThe opportunities for always-on, intelligent devices that do all or most of their thinking on the device are enormous, and we look forward to advancing state-of-the-art machine learning through both research and productization. Today, the Qualcomm Artificial Intelligence Platform provides highly responsive, highly secure, and intuitive user experiences through efficient on-device machine learning. The future holds much more promise.\nStay tuned for future blog posts about our neural processing architecture research and applications of machine learning, such as enhanced connectivity, power management, and better photography. If you are excited about solving big problems with cutting-edge technology and improving the lives of billions of people, we’d like to hear from you.\nSign up for our newsletter to receive the latest information about mobile computing.\nQualcomm Adreno, Qualcomm Hexagon, Qualcomm Kryo and Qualcomm Snapdragon are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Qualcomm Research is a division of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.\nArtificial IntelligenceMachine LearningResearchHeterogeneous ComputingCognitive TechnologiesSnapdragon\nMatt Grob\nExecutive Vice President, Technology Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.\nDevelopers: Exploring AIMET’s post-training quantization methods\nHugging Face partners with Qualcomm Technologies to enable transformers for Qualcomm Cloud AI 100 [video]\nResident Evil 4 out now on Quest 2 – powered by innovations from Snapdragon XR2 5G Platform","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1541807"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6279619932174683,"wiki_prob":0.6279619932174683,"text":"Two killers get life sentences\nJames Alexander\nWillie Wilson Jr.\nCleveland – A pair of killers who fatally shot a 19-year-old mother as she lay in bed with her two-year-old child have each been sentenced to life in prison, Cuyahoga County Prosecutor Timothy J. McGinty announced.\nA jury on February 12 convicted Willie Wilson Jr., 20, and James Alexander, 18, of Aggravated Murder, Murder, Attempted Murder, Aggravated Burglary, Felonious Assault and Kidnapping. Wilson was also found guilty by Cuyahoga County Common Pleas Court Judge Peter J. Corrigan on one count of Having Weapons Under Disability.\nToday, Judge Corrigan sentenced both men to spend life in prison. The judge ordered that they will first be eligible for parole after 56 years behind bars.\nEvidence at trial proved that on April 14, 2015, Wilson and Alexander broke into an apartment on East 99th Street in Cleveland and shot a 17-year-old male victim who was asleep on the floor. They then went to the rear of the apartment and shot Miyazhane Vance while she was asleep in bed with her two-year-old child. Her one-year-old baby was in a crib next to the bed.\nAfter the killers left, a third adult in the apartment, who was not hurt, called 911.\nMs. Vance was transported to MetroHealth Medical Center where she died from nine gunshot wounds. Her brother, the 17-year-old victim, was also taken to MetroHealth where he was treated for critical injuries and remained in the hospital and rehab for nearly two months. Neither of Ms. Vance’s children was injured.\n“These defendants have absolutely no regard for human life,” said Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Anna Faraglia, who represented the State of Ohio along with Assistant Prosecuting Attorneys Brian Kraft and Kelly Mason. “They showed that by their actions on April 14 of last year and again today by the smiles on their faces during the sentencing hearing.”\nContact: Joseph Frolik, Director of Communications and Public Policy. Phone: 216.443.7488 or 216.640.6186. Email: jfrolik@prosecutor.cuyahogacounty.us","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1584401"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.625453770160675,"wiki_prob":0.37454622983932495,"text":"Stillfront explores the conditions for conducting a directed share issue\nINSIDE INFORMATION: Stillfront Group AB (publ) (“Stillfront” or “Company”) has appointed Carnegie Investment Bank AB (publ) as Sole Global Coordinator and Joint Bookrunner, and Swedbank AB (publ) and Nordea Bank Abp, filial i Sverige as Joint Bookrunners (jointly, the “Managers”), to explore the conditions for conducting directed share issues in the total amount of up to 3,424,129 shares (the “Share Issues”) through an accelerated bookbuilding procedure, (the “Bookbuilding”). The Share Issues are intended to be directed towards Swedish and international institutional investors and be carried out based on the authorisation granted by the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders held on 10 December 2019 and subject to the subsequent approval by the general meeting of shareholders of the Company.\nShare Issues\nThe price of the shares in the Share Issues will be determined through the Bookbuilding procedure, which will begin today on 21 January 2020 following markets close and end before the commencement of trading on Nasdaq First North Premier Growth Market on 22 January 2020. The board of directors can at any time choose to cancel the Bookbuilding, close earlier or later and refrain from executing the Share Issue, in part or in full.\nThe Share Issues are, among other things, subject to a resolution by the board of directors of Stillfront to issue new shares, in part within the limit of Stillfront’s existing authorisation to issue shares from the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 10 December 2019 and in part subject to the approval of the Extraordinary General Meeting and a directed share issue to Laureus Capital GmbH, one of the shareholders of the Company, which is subject to the approval of the Extraordinary General Meeting, following the close of the Bookbuilding.\nAs previously announced a notice to an extraordinary general meeting will be published to resolve upon a set off share issue being part of the acquisition of Storm8, Inc. Provided that the board of directors resolve upon the Share Issues, such notice to the extraordinary general meeting will also include a proposal to approve the board of directors’ decision regarding the part of the Share Issues not resolved by the board of directors based on the authorization from the extraordinary general meeting dated 10 December 2019. A notice is expected to be published in connection to the announcement of the outcome of the Bookbuilding. The Company’s principal owner, Laureus Capital GmbH, which holds approximately 15.9 percent of the shares and votes in the Company, has committed itself to vote at the extraordinary general meeting in favour of the board of directors’ decision to issue new shares which requires the extraordinary general meeting’s approval.\nThe reasons for the deviation from the shareholders’ preferential rights are mainly to diversify the shareholder base among Swedish and international institutional investors and at the same time raise capital in a time efficient manner. The purpose of the Share Issues is to finance the acquisition of Storm8, Inc and to provide the Company with additional equity capital in a quick and efficient manner in order to further strengthen Stillfront’s future financial flexibility in line with the Company´s communicated financial targets.\nIn connection with the Share Issues, the Company has undertaken, with customary exceptions, not to issue additional shares for a period of 90 calendar days after the settlement date.\nThe Share Issues are intended to be carried out both based on the existing authorization granted to the board of directors on 10 December 2019 and subject to a subsequent approval of the extraordinary general meeting since the Company intends to use the proceeds of the Share Issues both to finance the acquisition of Storm8, Inc and to raise additional funds to the Company.\nThe Company’s board of directors and management have entered into customary lock-up undertakings of 90 days from settlement of the Bookbuilding in respect of the board of directors and 180 days from settlement of the Bookbuilding in respect of the management.\nCarnegie Investment Bank AB (publ) has been appointed Sole Global Coordinator and Joint Bookrunner and Swedbank AB (publ) and Nordea Bank Abp, filial i Sverige have been appointed Joint Bookrunners. DLA Piper acts as legal counsel to the Company and Baker McKenzie acts as legal counsel to the Managers in connection with the Share Issue.\nJörgen Larsson, CEO, Stillfront Group\nE-mail: jorgen@stillfront.com\nAndreas Uddman, CFO, Stillfront Group\nE-mail: andreas@stillfront.com\nThis information is information that Stillfront Group AB (publ) is obliged to make public pursuant to the EU Market Abuse Regulation. The information was submitted for publication, through the agency of the contact persons set out above, at 19:20 CET on 21 January 2020.\nAbout Stillfront\nStillfront is a global group of gaming studios and a market leader in the free-to-play online games genre. Our diverse and exciting games portfolio has two common themes; loyal users and long lifecycle games. Organic growth and carefully selected and executed acquisitions embody our growth strategy and our 650 co-workers thrive in an organization that engenders the spirit of entrepreneurship. Our main markets are the US, Germany, MENA, France and UK. We are headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden and the company, is listed on Nasdaq First North Premier.\nFor further information, please visit: stillfront.com\nCertified Adviser:\nFNCA, Phone: +46 8 528 00 399 E-mail: info@fnca.se\nThe release, announcement or distribution of this press release may, in certain jurisdictions, be subject to restrictions. The recipients of this press release in such jurisdictions, in which this press release has been released, announced or distributed, should inform themselves of and follow such restrictions. The recipient of this press release is responsible for using this press release, and the information contained herein, in accordance with applicable rules in each jurisdiction. This press release does not constitute an offer, or a solicitation of any offer, to buy or subscribe for any securities in Stillfront in any jurisdiction, neither from Stillfront nor from someone else.\nThis press release does not identify or suggest, or purport to identify or suggest, the risks (direct or indirect) that may be associated with an investment in the new shares. Any investment decision in connection with the Share Issues must be made on the basis of all publicly available information relating to the Company and the Company’s shares. Such information has not been independently verified by the Managers. The information contained in this press release is for background purposes only and does not purport to be full or complete. No reliance may be placed for any purpose on the information contained in this press release or its accuracy or completeness. The Managers are acting for the Company in connection with the transaction and no one else and will not be responsible to anyone other than the Company for providing the protections afforded to its clients nor for giving advice in relation to the transaction or any other matter referred to herein.\nThis press release does not constitute a recommendation concerning any investor’s option with respect to the Share Issue. Each investor or prospective investor should conduct his, her or its own investigation, analysis and evaluation of the business and data described in this press release and publicly available information. The price and value of securities can go down as well as up. Past performance is not a guide to future performance.\nThis press release does not constitute or form part of an offer or solicitation to purchase or subscribe for securities in the United States. The securities referred to herein may not be sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from registration under the US Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), as amended, and may not be offered or sold within the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act. There is no intention to register any securities referred to herein in the United States or to make a public offering of the securities in the United States. The information in this press release may not be announced, published, copied, reproduced or distributed, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, within or into, Australia, Canada , Japan, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, the United States or in any other jurisdiction where such announcement, publication or distribution of the information would not comply with applicable laws and regulations or where such actions are subject to legal restrictions or would require additional registration or other measures than what is required under Swedish law. Actions taken in violation of this instruction may constitute a crime against applicable securities laws and regulations.\nThis announcement is not a prospectus for the purposes of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (the “Prospectus Regulation”) and has not been approved by any regulatory authority in any jurisdiction. Stillfront has not authorized any offer to the public of shares or rights in any member state of the EEA and no prospectus has been or will be prepared in connection with the Share Issue. In any EEA Member State, this communication is only addressed to and is only directed at qualified investors in that Member State within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation.\nIn the United Kingdom, this press release and any other materials in relation to the securities described herein is only being distributed to, and is only directed at, and any investment or investment activity to which this document relates is available only to, and will be engaged in only with, “qualified investors” who are (i) persons having professional experience in matters relating to investments who fall within the definition of “investment professionals” in Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the “Order”); or (ii) high net worth entities falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”). In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity to which this communication relates is available only to, and will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Persons who are not relevant persons should not take any action on the basis of this press release and should not act or rely on it.\nInformation to distributors\nSolely for the purposes of the product governance requirements contained within: (a) EU Directive 2014/65/EU on markets in financial instruments, as amended (“MiFID II”); (b) Articles 9 and 10 of Commission Delegated Directive (EU) 2017/593 supplementing MiFID II; and (c) local implementing measures (together, the “MiFID II Product Governance Requirements”), and disclaiming all and any liability, whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise, which any “manufacturer” (for the purposes of the MiFID II Product Governance Requirements) may otherwise have with respect thereto, the shares in Stillfront have been subject to a product approval process, which has determined that such shares are: (i) compatible with an end target market of retail investors and investors who meet the criteria of professional clients and eligible counterparties, each as defined in MiFID II; and (ii) eligible for distribution through all distribution channels as are permitted by MiFID II (the “Target Market Assessment”). Notwithstanding the Target Market Assessment, distributors should note that: the price of the shares in Stillfront may decline and investors could lose all or part of their investment; the shares in Stillfront offer no guaranteed income and no capital protection; and an investment in the shares in Stillfront is compatible only with investors who do not need a guaranteed income or capital protection, who (either alone or in conjunction with an appropriate financial or other adviser) are capable of evaluating the merits and risks of such an investment and who have sufficient resources to be able to bear any losses that may result therefrom. The Target Market Assessment is without prejudice to the requirements of any contractual, legal or regulatory selling restrictions in relation to the Share Issue.\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Target Market Assessment does not constitute: (a) an assessment of suitability or appropriateness for the purposes of MiFID II; or (b) a recommendation to any investor or group of investors to invest in, or purchase, or take any other action whatsoever with respect to the shares in Stillfront.\nEach distributor is responsible for undertaking its own target market assessment in respect of the shares in Stillfront and determining appropriate distribution channels.\nPress release launch share issue\nEnglish January 21, 2020\nRegulatory press release Published:","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1436199"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7211689949035645,"wiki_prob":0.7211689949035645,"text":"Director Biography – Laura O’Grady (UNDETECTABLE)\nLaura O’Grady likes to keep busy. From national broadcasters to documentaries that have been screened around the world, Laura O’Grady has produced, coordinated, written or directed hundreds of hours of content. She has received many Canadian Screen Award nominations, provincial awards, and has had 2 films debut at the Hot Docs Film Festival. 2021 marks the release of the documentary Undetectable a project three years in the making.\nThree years ago I met a young man who had never heard of AIDS, or the crisis of the 1980s. I was stunned that the history had been so easily lost, and that the remarkable scientific achievements that have transformed an HIV diagnosis from a death sentence to a manageable chronic condition are not widely known, let alone celebrated. Thanks to the work of countless scientists and frontline workers, we now have the tools to end HIV/AIDS in our lifetime. Treatment as Prevention and U=U are proven strategies that can end this global pandemic. To achieve this vital final step, stigma and prejudice, which was rooted into the earliest reports of GRID (HIV), must be eradicated.\nShort Film: UNDETECTABLE, 42min., Canada, Documentary\nShort Film: REMEMBERING MARTY CHERNOFF, 27min., Documentary","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line851054"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9906628131866455,"wiki_prob":0.9906628131866455,"text":"Judge allows video release in Black man's shooting death\nAttorney Ben Crump speaks during a rally for Jason Walker at Good Hope Missionary Baptist Church on Thursday, Jan. 13, 2022, in Fayetteville, N.C. Jason Walker, 37, was shot and killed on Saturday by an off-duty deputy with the Cumberland County Sheriff's Office. (Andrew Craft/The Fayetteville Observer via AP) Associated Press\nFILE - Pandora Harrington, right, cries as she holds a sign with an image of Jason Walker during a demonstration in front of the Fayetteville Police Department, Jan. 9, 2022, in Fayetteville, N.C. A judge has granted a North Carolina police chief's request to release body camera video recorded moments after last Saturday's fatal shooting of Walker by an off-duty sheriff's deputy. The Fayetteville Observer reports that Senior Resident Superior Court Judge Jim Ammons issued his ruling Thursday, Jan. 13, 2022, two days after Fayetteville Police Chief Gina Hawkins filed the request. (Andrew Craft/The Fayetteville Observer via AP, File) Associated Press\nAnthony Walker speaks at a rally at Good Hope Missionary Baptist Church on Thursday, Jan. 13, 2022, in Fayetteville, N.C. Jason Walker, 37, was shot and killed on Saturday by an off-duty deputy with the Cumberland County Sheriff's Office. (Andrew Craft/The Fayetteville Observer via AP) Associated Press\nA family member gets emotional during a rally for Jason Walker at Good Hope Missionary Baptist Church on Thursday, Jan. 13, 2022, in Fayetteville, N.C. Jason Walker, 37, was shot and killed on Saturday by an off-duty deputy with the Cumberland County Sheriff's Office. (Andrew Craft/The Fayetteville Observer via AP) Associated Press\nJanice Walker, mother of Jason Walker speaks at a rally at Good Hope Missionary Baptist Church on Thursday, Jan. 13, 2022, in Fayetteville, N.C. Jason Walker, 37, was shot and killed on Saturday by an off-duty deputy with the Cumberland County Sheriff's Office. (Andrew Craft/The Fayetteville Observer via AP) Associated Press\nUpdated 1/14/2022 9:12 AM\nFAYETTEVILLE, N.C. -- A judge on Thursday granted a request from the police chief of a North Carolina city to release body camera video recorded in the aftermath of the shooting death of a Black man by an off-duty sheriff's deputy.\nFayetteville Police Chief Gina Hawkins filed the petition with the courts on Tuesday. She wanted to publicly release footage that she says will show exchanges between Fayetteville police officers and three witnesses at the scene of last Saturday's fatal shooting of Jason Walker by off-duty Cumberland County Sheriff's Office Lt. Jeffrey Hash, The Fayetteville Observer reported. Hawkins told the newspaper that the video would likely be released next week after redactions are made.\nTwo witnesses have made comments on social media, released a video and spoken at a demonstration, creating 'œsignificant public attention,'� according to the petition.\nSenior Resident Superior Court Judge Jim Ammons told the newspaper that he approved the release 'œin the interest of justice.'�\nUnder a North Carolina law passed in 2016, body and dash camera footage is not public record. Anyone can ask a court to order its release, however.\nFayetteville police said Monday that a preliminary investigation determined that Walker, 37, 'œran into traffic and jumped on a moving vehicle.'� Hash shot Walker and then called 911, police said. Walker was pronounced dead at the scene.\nBen Crump, the civil rights attorney who represented the family of George Floyd and has been retained by the Walker family, told a rally at a Fayetteville church that Walker was the single father of a 14-year-old son.\n'œThere are a lot of reasons why Black children have to grow up without their fathers,'� Crump said. 'œBut this reason is unacceptable. This is unacceptable that we have to tell that young boy that his father was shot unnecessarily, unjustifiably and unconstitutionally by somebody who was supposed to protect and serve him.'�\nFloyd, a Black man, was killed in 2020 by Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin, who pressed his knee against Floyd's neck for more than nine minutes as Floyd said he couldn't breathe and eventually went limp. Chauvin was sentenced to 22 1/2 years in prison on murder and manslaughter charges.\nWalker's family attended the rally, as did Floyd's brother, Philonise, and a nephew.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1268578"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7183007001876831,"wiki_prob":0.2816992998123169,"text":"Freddy H Hassler\nApril 2, 1964 - March 16, 2014\nPOTTSBORO- Freddy H. Hassler, 49, of Pottsboro passed away on Sunday, March 16, 2014 at his home. He was born on April 2, 1964 in Riverton, Wyoming to Herschel and Dorthy Thompson Hassler. He worked as a machinist. Freddy married Kimberly C. Stacy on May 4, 2012 in Sherman, TX. Survivors include his wife, Kimberly C. Hassler of Pottsboro; sons, Mark Cygyarowicz of Connecticut, Stephen Cygyarowicz and Gregory Cygyarowicz, both of Pittsburg, PA.; daughters, Heather Cygyarowicz and Samantha Cygyarowicz, both of Pittsburg, PA.; brothers Johnny Hassler of Pottsboro and Jim Hassler of Denison; sisters, Cheryl Hassler and Virginia Hassler, both of Marlow, OK.; and 8 grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his parents. A private memorial service will be held at a later date. Condolences may be registered to www.johnsonmoorefuneralhome.net Arrangements are under the direction of Johnson-Moore Funeral Home.\nPOTTSBORO- Freddy H. Hassler, 49, of Pottsboro passed away on Sunday, March 16, 2014 at his home. He was born on April 2, 1964 in Riverton, Wyoming to Herschel and Dorthy Thompson Hassler. He worked as a machinist. Freddy married Kimberly C.... View Obituary & Service Information\nThe family of Freddy H Hassler created this Life Tributes page to make it easy to share your memories.\nPOTTSBORO-\nFreddy H. Hassler, 49, of Pottsboro passed away on...\nSend flowers to the Hassler family.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1464735"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6830816864967346,"wiki_prob":0.6830816864967346,"text":"Kamal Nath\nDate of Birth: 18 November 1946\nPolitical Party: 18 November 1946\nOccupation: Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh\nResidence: Khalasi Lines, McRobertganj, Kanpur\nEducation: Bachelor of Commerce from St. Xavier's College of the University of Calcutta.\nKamal Nath was born on November 18, 1946 in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. He studied at The Doon School and graduated with B.Com. from the St. Xavier’s College, University of Calcutta. He got married to Alka Nath on January 27, 1973.\nKamal Nath, an Indian politician from the Congress party, is the Ex Minister of Urban Development. Kamal Nath is one of the longest serving and senior most members of Lok Sabha; the lower house of India’s bicameral Parliament.He represents the Chhindwara constituency of Madhya Pradesh. He is a leader of the Indian National Congress (INC).Kamalnath was elected as the president of Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee in May, 2018to lead the party in upcoming assembly election of that year to be held in November-December 2018.\nNath was first elected to the 7th Lok Sabha in 1980.He was re-elected to the 8th Lok Sabha in 1985, the 9th Lok Sabha in 1989, and the 10th Lok Sabha in 1991. He was inducted into the Union Council of Ministers as Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) of Environment and Forests in June 1991. From 1995 to 1996 he served as Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) of Textiles.\nNath was elected to the 12th Lok Sabha in 1998 and the 13th Lok Sabha in 1999. From 2001 to 2004, he was the General Secretary of the Indian National Congress (INC). He was re-elected to the 14th Lok Sabha in the 2004 elections and served as Union Cabinet Minister of Commerce and Industry from 2004 to 2009.\nOn 16 May 2009 he again won the elections from his constituency for the 15th Lok Sabha and re-entered the Cabinet, this time as Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways. In 2011, as a result of a cabinet reshuffle, Nath replaced Jaipal Reddy to take on the role of Minister of Urban Development.\nIn October 2012 Nath was confirmed to the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs in addition to his current role as Minister of Urban Development.\nIn late 2012 Nath replaced Pranab Mukherjee to help the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government win a crucial debate on foreign direct investment in India (FDI).Nath also replaced Minister of Rural Development Jairam Ramesh as an ex officio member of the Planning Commission in December 2012.\nFrom 4 June to 5 June 2014 Kamal Nath was the only member to have taken the official oath as a member of the newly-elected 16th Lok Sabha, and was made the Pro Tem Speaker. The first day of the Lok Sabha, on which the Pro Tem Speaker normally administers the oath to all other elected members, was interrupted by the death of Union Cabinet Minister of Rural Development Gopinath Munde. The House was adjourned after paying tribute to Munde and observing a two-minute silence. Since no other elected member had taken the oath that day, they were not officially members of parliament.[citation needed]\nOn 13th December 2018, Kamal Nath was elected as the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh after the INC emerged as the single largest party with 114 seats.\n“All of the 4 lakh vacancies as on 1 April 2019 in the Central Government, Central Public Sector Enterprises, Judiciary and Parliament will be filled before the end of March 2020. Congress will request State Governments to fill all vacancies, estimated at 20 lakhs, in the 2 sectors and in local bodies.”\nNYAY\n“Poorest 20% of families to be guaranteed a cash transfer of Rs. 72,000 a year each; money to be transferred to the account of a woman of the family; estimated cost will be <1% of GDP in Year 1 and <2% of GDP in Year 2 and thereafter.\n“Congress promises to enact the Direct Taxes Code in the first year of government; review and replace the current GST laws with the GST 2.0 regime based on a single, moderate, standard rate of tax; abolish the e-way bill.”\n“Will scrap the opaque Electoral Bond Scheme that was designed to favor the ruling party; set up a National Election Fund to which any person may make a contribution; promise that 50% of EVMs will be matched against VVPATs.”\nLaws, rules and regulations\n“Congress promises to decriminalize defamation and sedition; amend laws that allow detention without trial; pass Prevention of Torture Act; amend ASFPA; institute comprehensive prison reforms.”\n“Will enforce anti-corruption laws without discrimination; will investigate several deals entered into by the BJP Government in the last 5 years and, in particular, the Rafale deal.”\n“Will scrap Niti Aayog and constitute a Planning Commission with re-defined responsibilities.”\nAgriculture and farm labour\n“Congress promises to waive the outstanding farm loans: introduce a separate ‘Kisan Budget’; re-design the BJP government’s failed FasalBima Yojana (Crop Insurance Scheme); double the funding in 5 years for teaching, R&D, agriculture-related pure sciences and applied science and technology in the agricultural sector; restore the original Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 and the Forest Rights Act.”\n“Congress promises to launch MGNREGA 3.0, which will increase the guaranteed days of employment up to 150 days; connect all villages and habitations with a population of 250 with a road under the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana; pass the Right to Homestead Act to provide a homestead for every household that does not own a home or own land.”\n“Will provide for reservation of 33% of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 to be enforced effectively; repeal any provision of law that prohibits night shifts for women; comprehensive review of the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplaces Act, 2013; establish a separate investigative agency to investigate heinous crimes against women and children.”\n“Congress promises to achieve the target of 3% of GDP by 2020-21 and remain under that limit; achieve a savings level of 40% of GDP and a Gross Capital Formation level of 35% of GDP; bring every Fortune 500 company to set up a business in India; withdraw Angel Tax.\n“Congress promises to increase the share of India’s manufacturing sector from the current level of 16%of GDP to 25% within a period of 5 years and to make India a manufacturing hub for the world.”\nPublic infrastructure and urban policy\n“Congress promises to modernize all outdated railway infrastructure; formulate a comprehensive policy on Urbanization; Right to Housing for the urban poor and protection from arbitrary eviction; introduce a new model of governance for towns and cities through a directly elected mayor with a fixed term of 5 years, an elected Council and a separate administrative structure for each urban body.”\n“Will ensure defense spending is increased to meet requirements of the Armed Forces; evolve suitable policies to address data security, cyber security, financial security, communication security; rapidly expand domestic capacity to manufacture defense and security equipment.\n“Congress promises to establish a National Council on Foreign Policy; re-double the efforts to win for permanent membership India in the UNSC and the Nuclear Suppliers Group; significantly increase the size of the Foreign Service.”\n2006: Honorary Doctorate given by Jabalpur’s Rani Durgavati University.\n2007: Entitled as the FDI Personality of the Year by the FDI magazine and the Financial Times Business.\n2008: Honored with the title “Business Reformer of the Year” by The Economic Times.\n2011: The richest cabinet minister in India, possessing assets worth INR 2.73 billion.\nIn November 2012, he received the “ABLF Statesman Award” at the Asian Business Leadership Forum Awards 2012.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1527586"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7645153999328613,"wiki_prob":0.7645153999328613,"text":"Categories: Charles Smith, Media, Politicians, Sen. Ribicoff, Washington area life\nThe Charles E. Smith family built the giant Crystal City complex near Ronald Reagan National Airport and donated hundreds of millions to good causes, most of them probably in and near Washington.\nNames from the family went on the Charles E. Smith Athletic Center at George Washington University, the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland, American University’s Kogod School of Business and the Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School. Charles Smith’s grandson, David Bruce Smith, paid tribute to him in a folksy and readable little book called Conversations with Papa Charlie.\nSo what happened when, on the Washingtonian Magazine’s 45th anniversary, the October 2010 issue listed 45 Who Shaped Washingtonian (subtitled “From 1965 to 2010, these people helped make our region what it is today”)?\nWell, the magazine saw fit to mention worthy but minor celebrities like Maya Lin, who, as a 21-year-old Yalie, designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Not a word appeared, however, about the Charles E. Smith family despite praise for other developers. Granted, family businesses merged years ago with large, out-of-town real estate conglomerates, lowering the Smiths’ profile. But the Washingtonian was looking back over the past 45 years. The Smiths if nothing else have been to D.C.-area Jewish philanthropies what Colonel Sanders was to Kentucky Fried Chicken.\nDuring the four and a half decades, not all the news about the Smiths was positive. Crystal City exacerbated Northern Virginia’s overdevelopment, further befouling the air in our lungs and clogging our highways despite the Metro. And for the Connecticut newspapers, I myself disclosed Sen. Abraham Ribicoff’s secret and illegal stake in a CIA-occupied building that the Smiths rented to the feds. Among the lease’s co-signers was none other than Robert H. Smith, the family member most responsible for Crystal City. No quid pro quo claimed here—this is one for historians to untangle, just like the blame for the collapse of a Smith building at Skyline Plaza where 14 workers died.\nBut without doubt the Smiths were among the most generous of local philanthropists, maybe the most generous; and, objectively, with Crystal City offices alone housing perhaps 60,000 office workers, should the Washingtonian have printed a Smithless list of present and past movers and shakers?\nIn Robert Smith’s obituary and a follow-up editorial, the Washington Post skipped over the negatives and made him out to be a flawless god. The Washingtonian sinned in the opposite direction and failed to recognize the Smiths and their ubiquitous good works. My guess is that the magazine’s omission of the Smiths was an innocent oversight by Denise Kersten Wills, a features editor who apparently has lived most of her life outside the Washington area. As a fellow, fallible journalist, I can well understand what might have happened. Still, as a D.C.-area history buff, I can’t help but look beyond the ironies and see at least an accidental injustice to the Smiths here. Hundreds of millions and not a syllable? Although the headline read “45” rather than “top 45,” I’d hope that commonsense would prevail. Perhaps Ms. Wills can append a clarification to the online version of the list and maybe even write a very brief item for the printed magazine. I’ll shoot her an e-mail.\nUpdate, 9 p.m.: I did send a message via Facebook but have not yet received a reply.\nUpdate, 8:56 a.m., Oct. 29: I notice that the Washington Post obit, source of the several hundred million figure, doesn’t specifically say that the contributions were for the D.C. region. So I’ve inserted “probably” in the first paragraph, based, among other things, on the fact that Robert Smith gave almost $100 million just to the University of Maryland.\nTags:Abraham Ribcoff, Arlene R. Kogod, Charles E. Smith Athletic Center, Charles E. Smith family, Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School, Conversations with Papa Charlie, Crystal City, D.C., D.C. metropolitan area, David Bruce Smith, DC area, Kogod School of Business, Robert H. Smith School of Business, Robert P. Kogod, University of Maryland, Washingtonian, Washingtonian Magazine","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line46829"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9039617776870728,"wiki_prob":0.9039617776870728,"text":"Moody's May Downgrade Xerox On Plan To Split In Two\nBy Ciara Linnane MarketWatch Pulse\nMoody's Investors Service on Friday placed Xerox Corp.'s Baa2 senior unsecured debt rating on review for a possible downgrade, and said the decision to split in two will create smaller companies with less business diversity and profitability than the current one. The move comes after Xerox said it will create an $11 billion document technology company and a $7 billion business process outsourcing company by the end of 2016. \"Xerox has not announced capitalization plans for DT or the BPO units post-spinoff, nor how much of its $1.4 billion in cash will be allocated between the two companies,\" Moody's acknowledged in a statement. It said its review will focus on the post-split capital structure, liquidity profile, shareholder return policies, future strategy, competitive positioning and growth prospects for each business. It will also evaluate the impact of the $2.4 billion in cost cuts the company plans over the next three years. Moody's Baa2 rating is just two notches above speculative, or junk status. Xerox shares were up 5.3% in early trade, but have fallen 28% in the last 12 months, while the S&P 500 has lost 5%.\nCopyright © 2016 MarketWatch, Inc.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1822711"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6544688940048218,"wiki_prob":0.3455311059951782,"text":"Tracing the impact of proposals from participatory processes: methodological challenges and substantive lessons\nFont, J., Pasadas del Amo, S. and Smith, G. 2016. Tracing the impact of proposals from participatory processes: methodological challenges and substantive lessons. Journal of Public Deliberation. 12 (1), p. Article 3.\nFont, J., Pasadas del Amo, S. and Smith, G.\nJournal of Public Deliberation\n12 (1), p. Article 3\nBerkeley Electronic Press\nTracing the Impact of Proposals from Participatory Processes.pdf\nWeb address (URL)\nhttp://www.publicdeliberation.net/jpd/vol12/iss1/art3/\nDeliberative democracy and the climate crisis\nWillis, R., Curato, N. and Smith, G. 2022. Deliberative democracy and the climate crisis. WIRES Climate Change. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.759\nExpertise and Participatory Governance: The Incorporation of Expert Knowledge in Local Participatory Processes\nRico Motos, Carlos, Font, Joan, Bherer, Laurence and Smith, Graham 2021. Expertise and Participatory Governance: The Incorporation of Expert Knowledge in Local Participatory Processes. Journal of Deliberative Democracy. 17 (2). https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.971\nTesting the input-process-output model of public participation\nGalais, C., Fernandez Martinez, J., Font, J. and Smith, G. 2021. Testing the input-process-output model of public participation. European Journal of Political Research. 60 (4), pp. 807-828. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12427\nEuropean Citizens Assembly: Bring Citizens into EU Decision Making\nSmith, G. 2021. European Citizens Assembly: Bring Citizens into EU Decision Making. in: Alemanno, A. and Organ, J. (ed.) Citizen Participation in Democratic Europe: What Next for the EU? ECPR Press.\nCan democracy safeguard the future?\nSmith, G. 2021. Can democracy safeguard the future? Cambridge Polity Press.\nIntroducing the Journal of Deliberative Democracy\nCurato, N., Bachtiger, A., Strandberg, K and Smith, G. 2020. Introducing the Journal of Deliberative Democracy. Journal of Deliberative Democracy. 16 (1), pp. 1-3. https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.405\nEnhancing the legitimacy of offices for future generations: the case for public participation\nSmith, G. 2020. Enhancing the legitimacy of offices for future generations: the case for public participation. Political Studies. 68 (4), pp. 996-1013. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321719885100\nDesigning Democratic Innovations as Deliberative Systems: The Ambitious Case of NHS Citizen\nDean, R., Boswell, J. and Smith, G. 2020. Designing Democratic Innovations as Deliberative Systems: The Ambitious Case of NHS Citizen . Political Studies. 68 (3), pp. 689-709. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321719866002\nStudying Cherrypicking: Substantive and Methodological Reflections\nFont, J. and Smith, G. 2019. Studying Cherrypicking: Substantive and Methodological Reflections. Constitution Making and Deliberative Democracy Cost Action.\nReflections on the theory and practice of democratic innovations\nSmith, G. 2019. Reflections on the theory and practice of democratic innovations. in: Elstub, S. and Escobar, O. (ed.) Handbook of Democratic Innovation and Governance Cheltenham Edward Elgar. pp. 572-581\nDesign Matters : CBNRM and Democratic Innovation\nSmith, G. 2019. Design Matters : CBNRM and Democratic Innovation. Washington DC World Bank.\nReflecting on Fifty Years of Democratic Theory: Carole Pateman in Conversation with Graham Smith\nPateman, C. and Smith, G. 2019. Reflecting on Fifty Years of Democratic Theory: Carole Pateman in Conversation with Graham Smith. Democratic Theory. 6 (2), p. 111–120. https://doi.org/10.3167/dt.2019.060210\nCollective Interview on the History of Town Meetings\nBryan, F., Keith, W., Kloppenberg, J., Mansbridge, J., Morrell, M and Smith, G. 2019. Collective Interview on the History of Town Meetings. Journal of Public Deliberation. 15 (2), p. Article 8 Article 8.\nDomestic thermal upgrades, community action and energy saving: a three-year experimental study of prosperous households\nBardsely, N., Buchs, M., James, P., Papafragkou, A., Rushby, T., Saunders, C., Smith, G., Wallbridge . R. and Woodman, N. 2019. Domestic thermal upgrades, community action and energy saving: a three-year experimental study of prosperous households. Energy Policy. 127, pp. 475-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.11.036\nThe effects of economic crises on participatory democracy\nAlarcon, P., Galais, C., Font, J. and Smith, G. 2019. The effects of economic crises on participatory democracy. Policy & Politics. 47 (2), pp. 265-286. https://doi.org/10.1332/030557318X15407316045688\nThe Lessons for Democratic Innovations\nSmith, G. 2019. The Lessons for Democratic Innovations. in: Tam, Henry (ed.) Whose Government Is It? Policy Press. pp. 91-108\nSortition, Rotation and Mandate: Conditions for Political Equality and Deliberative Reasoning\nOwen, D. and Smith, G. 2019. Sortition, Rotation and Mandate: Conditions for Political Equality and Deliberative Reasoning. in: Gastil, John and Wright, Erik Olin (ed.) Legislature by Lot: An Alternative Design for Deliberative Governance London Verso.\nChallenges of inequality to democracy\nBellamy, R., Merkel, W., Bhargava, R., Bidadanure, J., Christiano, T., Felt, U., Hay, C., Lamboy, L., Pogrebinschi, T., Smith, G., Talshir, G., Urbinati, N. and Verloo, M. 2018. Challenges of inequality to democracy. in: IPSP (ed.) Rethinking society for the 21st Century: report of the international panel on social progress. Vol. II: Political regulation, governance, and societal transformations Cambridge Cambridge University Press. pp. 563-596\nWhat kind of Brexit do voters want? Lessons from the Citizens’ Assembly on Brexit\nRenwick, A., Allan, S., Jennings, W., McKee, R., Russell, M. and Smith, G. 2018. What kind of Brexit do voters want? Lessons from the Citizens’ Assembly on Brexit. The Political Quarterly. 89 (4), pp. 649-658. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-923X.12523\nThe institutionalization of deliberative democracy: democratic innovations and the deliberative system\nSmith, G. 2018. The institutionalization of deliberative democracy: democratic innovations and the deliberative system. Journal of Zhejiang University (Humanities and Social Sciences). 4 (2), pp. 5-18 5-.\nOwen, D. and Smith, G. 2018. Sortition, Rotation and Mandate: Conditions for Political Equality and Deliberative Reasoning. Politics and Society. 46 (3), pp. 419-434. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329218789892\nMini-publics and deliberative democracy\nSetälä, M. and Smith, G. 2018. Mini-publics and deliberative democracy. in: Bächtiger, A., Dryzek, J., Mansbridge, J. and Warren, M.E. (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy Oxford Oxford University Press.\nCherry-picking participation: explaining the fate of proposals from participatory processes\nFont, J., Smith, G., Galais, C. and Alarcón, P. 2018. Cherry-picking participation: explaining the fate of proposals from participatory processes . European Journal of Political Research. 57 (3), pp. 615-636. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12248\nSustainable Prosperity and Democracy: A Research Agenda\nHammond, M. and Smith, G. 2017. Sustainable Prosperity and Democracy: A Research Agenda. Centre for the Understanding of Sustainable Prosperity.\nA Considered Public Voice on Brexit: The Report of the Citizens' Assembly on Brexit\nRenwick, A., Allan, S., Jennings, W., McKee, R, Russell, M. and Smith, G. 2017. A Considered Public Voice on Brexit: The Report of the Citizens' Assembly on Brexit. London The Constitution Unit, University College London.\nProcesos participativos y crisis: ¿participación como respuesta a la crisis o participación recortada por la crisis?\nFont, J., Alarcón, P., Galais, C. and Smith, G. 2017. Procesos participativos y crisis: ¿participación como respuesta a la crisis o participación recortada por la crisis? Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez.. 47 (2), pp. 151-166.\nConcevoir la démocratie pour le long terme: innovation institutionnelle et changement climatique\nSmith, G. 2017. Concevoir la démocratie pour le long terme: innovation institutionnelle et changement climatique. lapenseeeecologique.com. 1 (1).\nTesting Assumptions in Deliberative Democratic Design: A Preliminary Assessment of the Efficacy of the Participedia Data Archive as an Analytic Tool\nGastil J., Richards Jr, R.C., Ryan, M. and Smith, G. 2017. Testing Assumptions in Deliberative Democratic Design: A Preliminary Assessment of the Efficacy of the Participedia Data Archive as an Analytic Tool. Journal of Public Deliberation. 13 (2), p. Article 1 Article 1.\nCitizen participation and changing governance: cases of devolution in England\nProsser, B., Renwick, A., Giovanni, A., Sandford, M., Flinders, M., Jennings, W., Spada, G., Smith, G., Stoker, G. and Ghose, K. 2017. Citizen participation and changing governance: cases of devolution in England. Politics and Policy. 45 (2), pp. 251-269. https://doi.org/10.1332/030557317X14895974141213\nQu’apporte l’étude des town meetings à la quête d’une démocratie plus participative et délibérative?\nBryan, F.W., Keith, W.W., Kloppenberg, J.T., Mansbridge, J.J., Morrell, M.E. and Smith, G. 2016. Qu’apporte l’étude des town meetings à la quête d’une démocratie plus participative et délibérative? Participations. Revue de sciences sociales sur la démocratie et la citoyenneté. 15 (2), pp. 203-220. https://doi.org/10.3917/parti.015.0203\nDemocracy Matters: Lessons from the 2015 Citizens' Assemblies on English Devolution\nFlinders, M., Ghose, K., Jennings, W., Molloy, E., Prosser, B., Renwick, A., Smith, G. and Spada, P. 2016. Democracy Matters: Lessons from the 2015 Citizens' Assemblies on English Devolution. Democracy Matters.\nIdentifying and explaining framing strategies of low carbon lifestyle movement organisations\nBuchs, M., Wallbridge, R., Saunders, C., Smith, G. and Bardsley, N. 2015. Identifying and explaining framing strategies of low carbon lifestyle movement organisations. Global Environmental Change. 35 (Nov), p. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.09.009\nThe Potential of Participedia as a Crowdsourcing Tool for Comparative Analysis of Democratic Innovations\nSmith, G., Gastil, John and Richards Jr, R.C. 2015. The Potential of Participedia as a Crowdsourcing Tool for Comparative Analysis of Democratic Innovations. Policy and Internet. 7 (2), p. 243–262. https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.93\nSurvey Article: Deliberation, Democracy, and the Systemic Turn\nOwen, D. and Smith, G. 2015. Survey Article: Deliberation, Democracy, and the Systemic Turn. Journal of Political Philosophy. 23 (2), p. 213–234. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12054\n‘It helped me sort of face the end of the world’: the role of emotions for third sector climate change engagement initiatives\nBuchs, M., Hinton, E. and Smith, G. 2015. ‘It helped me sort of face the end of the world’: the role of emotions for third sector climate change engagement initiatives. Environmental Values. 24 (5), pp. 621-640. https://doi.org/10.3197/096327115X14384223590177\nDefining Mini-Publics\nRyan, M. and Smith, G. 2014. Defining Mini-Publics. in: Kimmo Grönlund André Bächtiger Maija Setälä (ed.) Deliberative Mini-Publics: Involving Citizens in the Democratic Process Colchester ECPR Press. pp. 9-26\nBeyond the activist ghetto: a deductive blockmodelling approach to understanding the relationship between contact with environmental organisations and public attitudes and behaviour\nSaunders, C., Buchs, M., Papafragkou, A., Wallbridge, R. and Smith, G. 2014. Beyond the activist ghetto: a deductive blockmodelling approach to understanding the relationship between contact with environmental organisations and public attitudes and behaviour. Social Movement Studies: Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest. 13 (1), pp. 158-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2013.832623\nEnds, means, beginnings: environmental technocracy, ecological deliberation or embodied disagreement\nMachin, A. and Smith, G. 2014. Ends, means, beginnings: environmental technocracy, ecological deliberation or embodied disagreement. Ethical Perspectives. 21 (1), pp. 47 -72. https://doi.org/10.2143/EP.21.1.3017286\nTaking political engagement online: an experimental analysis of asynchronous discussion forums\nSmith, G., John, P. and Sturgis, P. 2013. Taking political engagement online: an experimental analysis of asynchronous discussion forums. Political Studies. 61 (4), pp. 709-730. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2012.00989.x\nMapping the environmental third sector in England: a distinctive field of activity?\nClifford, D., Geyne-Rajme, F., Smith, G., Edwards, R., Buchs, M. and Saunders, C. 2013. Mapping the environmental third sector in England: a distinctive field of activity? Voluntary Sector Review. 4 (2), pp. 241-264. https://doi.org/10.1332/204080513X668584\nDesigning democratic innovations at the European level: lessons from the experiments\nSmith, G. 2013. Designing democratic innovations at the European level: lessons from the experiments. in: Kies, R. and Nanz, P. (ed.) Is Europe listening to us? Successes and failures of EU citizen consultations Ashgate. pp. 201-216\nEnvironmental management systems and the third sector: exploring weak adoption in the UK\nEdwards, R., Smith, G. and Buchs, M. 2013. Environmental management systems and the third sector: exploring weak adoption in the UK. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy. 31 (1), pp. 119-133. https://doi.org/10.1068/c11123\nTowards a comparative analysis of democratic innovations: lessons from a small-n fsQCA of participatory budgeting\nRyan, M. and Smith, G. 2012. Towards a comparative analysis of democratic innovations: lessons from a small-n fsQCA of participatory budgeting. Revista Internacional de Sociología (RiS). 70 (Extra2), pp. 89-120.\nAssociative democracy and the social economy: exploring the regulatory challenge\nSmith, G. and Teasdale, S. 2012. Associative democracy and the social economy: exploring the regulatory challenge. Economy and Society. 41 (2), pp. 151-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147.2012.661627\nLegislating for a big society? The case of the public services (social enterprise and social value) bill in England\nTeasdale, S., Alcock, P. and Smith, G. 2012. Legislating for a big society? The case of the public services (social enterprise and social value) bill in England. Public Money and Management. 32 (3), pp. 201-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2012.676277\nMachiavellian democratic innovations: McCormick’s people’s tribunate\nSmith, G. and Owen, D. 2012. Machiavellian democratic innovations: McCormick’s people’s tribunate. The Good Society. 20 (2), pp. 203-215. https://doi.org/10.1353/gso.2011.0015\nThe European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI): a new institution for empowering Europe’s citizens?\nSmith, G. 2012. The European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI): a new institution for empowering Europe’s citizens? in: Dougan, M., Shuibhne, N.N. and Spaventa, E. (ed.) Empowerment and disempowerment of the European citizen Oxford Hart.\nDeliberative democracy and mini-publics\nSmith, G. 2012. Deliberative democracy and mini-publics. in: Geissel, B. and Newton, K. (ed.) Evaluating democratic innovations: curing the democratic malaise? London Routledge. pp. 90-111\nNavigating the perfect storm: research stategies for socialecological systems in a rapidly evolving world\nDearing, J.A., Bullock, S., Contanza, R., Dawson, T.P., Edwards, M.E., Poppy, G.M. and Smith, G. 2012. Navigating the perfect storm: research stategies for socialecological systems in a rapidly evolving world. Environmental Management. 49 (4), pp. 767-775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9833-6\nOrganizing deliberation: the perspectives of professional participation practitioners in Britain and Germany\nCooper, E. and Smith, G. 2012. Organizing deliberation: the perspectives of professional participation practitioners in Britain and Germany. Journal of Public Deliberation. 8 (1), p. Article 3.\nPolitics and the environment: from theory to practice. 3rd edition\nConnelly, J., Smith, G., Benson, D. and Saunders, C. 2012. Politics and the environment: from theory to practice. 3rd edition. London Routledge.\nSurvey article: Democratic innovations: bringing theory and practice into dialogue\nSmith, G. 2011. Survey article: Democratic innovations: bringing theory and practice into dialogue. Philosophy Compass. 6 (12), pp. 895-901. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2011.00448.x\nEkonomia społeczna, przedsiębiorstwospołeczne i teoria d emokracji stowarzyszeniowej\nSmith, G. and Teasdale, S. 2011. Ekonomia społeczna, przedsiębiorstwospołeczne i teoria d emokracji stowarzyszeniowej. Ekonomia Spoteczna. 2 (3), pp. 121-137.\nPutting democracy into welfare provision\nSmith, G. 2011. Putting democracy into welfare provision. in: Westall, A. (ed.) Revisiting associative democracy London Lawrence & Wishart.\nNudge nudge, think think: experimenting with ways to change civic behaviour\nJohn, P., Cotterill, S., Richardson, L., Moseley, A., Smith, G., Stoker, G. and Wales, C. 2011. Nudge nudge, think think: experimenting with ways to change civic behaviour. London Bloomsbury Academic.\nProspects for citizenship\nStoker, G., Armstrong, C., Banya, M., Mason, A., McGee, D., McGrew, T., Owen, D., Saunders, C. and Smith, G. 2010. Prospects for citizenship. London Bloomsbury Academic.\nRevitalising politics through democratic innovation?\nSmith, G. 2009. Revitalising politics through democratic innovation? Representation. 45 (3), pp. 259-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344890903129475\nDemocratic innovations: designing institutions for citizen participation\nSmith, G. 2009. Democratic innovations: designing institutions for citizen participation. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.\nDeliberativna demokracija i javnosti u malom (deliberative democracy and mini-publics)\nSmith, G. 2009. Deliberativna demokracija i javnosti u malom (deliberative democracy and mini-publics). Croatian Political Science Review. 3/4, pp. 27-58.\nEmpowering communities to influence local decision making: systematic review of the evidence\nPratchett, L., Durose, C., Lowndes, V., Smith, G., Stoker, G. and Wales, C. 2009. Empowering communities to influence local decision making: systematic review of the evidence. London Department for Communities and Local Government.\nNudge nudge, think think: two strategies for changing civic behaviour\nJohn, P., Smith, G. and Stoker, G. 2009. Nudge nudge, think think: two strategies for changing civic behaviour. Political Quarterly. 80 (3), pp. 361-370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-923X.2009.02001.x\nTeaching citizenship in higher education\nSmith, G., Ottewill, R., Jubb, E., Sperling, E. and Wyman, M. 2008. Teaching citizenship in higher education. European Political Science. 7, pp. 135-143. https://doi.org/10.1057/eps.2008.8\nThe theory and practice of group representation: reflections on the governance of race equality in Birmingham\nSmith, G. and Stephenson, S. 2005. The theory and practice of group representation: reflections on the governance of race equality in Birmingham. Public Administration. 83 (2), pp. 323-343. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-3298.2005.00452.x\nGreen citizenship and the social economy\nSmith, G. 2005. Green citizenship and the social economy. Environmental Politics. 14 (2), pp. 273-289. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644010500055175\nDemocratic deliberation and environmental policy: opportunities and barriers in Britain\nSmith, G. 2005. Democratic deliberation and environmental policy: opportunities and barriers in Britain. in: Paehlke, R. and Torgerson, D. (ed.) Managing leviathan: environmental politics and the administrative state Ontario Broadview.\nBeyond the ballot: 57 democratic innovations from around the world\nSmith, G. 2005. Beyond the ballot: 57 democratic innovations from around the world. The Power Inquiry.\nBuilding social capital in city politics: scope and limitations at the inter-organisational level\nSmith, G., Maloney, W. and Stoker, G. 2004. Building social capital in city politics: scope and limitations at the inter-organisational level. Political Studies. 52 (3), pp. 508-530. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2004.00493.x\nVoluntary organisations and the generation of social capital\nStoker, G., Smith, G., Maloney, W. and Young, S. 2004. Voluntary organisations and the generation of social capital. in: Boddy, M. and Parkinson, M. (ed.) City matters: competitiveness, cohesion and urban governance Bristol Policy Press. pp. 389-406\nLiberal democracy and the shaping of environmentally enlightened citizens\nSmith, G. 2004. Liberal democracy and the shaping of environmentally enlightened citizens. in: Levy, Y. and Wissenburg, M. (ed.) Liberal democracy and environmentalism: the end of environmentalism? London Routledge. pp. 139-152\nHow can the weaknesses of deliberative decision making be overcome?\nSmith, G. 2004. How can the weaknesses of deliberative decision making be overcome? in: Blowers, A. (ed.) Deliberative democracy and decision making for radioactive waste: a report for the HM Government-sponsored Commission on Radioactive Waste Management (CoRWM) Commission on Radioactive Waste Management (CoRWM).\nDeliberative democracy and the environment\nSmith, G. 2003. Deliberative democracy and the environment. London Routledge.\nPolitics and the environment: from theory to practice. 2nd edition\nSmith, G. and Connelly, J. 2002. Politics and the environment: from theory to practice. 2nd edition. London Routledge.\nTaking deliberation seriously: institutional design and green politics\nSmith, G. 2001. Taking deliberation seriously: institutional design and green politics. Environmental Politics. 10 (3), pp. 72-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/714000562\nSocial capital and the city\nMaloney, W., Smith, G. and Stoker, G. 2001. Social capital and the city. in: Edwards, B., Foley, M.W. and Diani, M. (ed.) Beyond Tocqueville: civil society and the social capital debate in comparative perspective University of New England Press. pp. 83-98\nSocial capital and urban governance: adding a more contextualized ‘top-down’ perspective\nMaloney, W., Smith, G. and Stoker, G. 2000. Social capital and urban governance: adding a more contextualized ‘top-down’ perspective. Political Studies. 48 (4), pp. 802-820. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00284\nCitizens' juries and deliberative democracy\nSmith, G. and Wales, C. 2000. Citizens' juries and deliberative democracy. Political Studies. 48 (1), pp. 51-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00250\nToward deliberative institutions\nSmith, G. 2000. Toward deliberative institutions. in: Saward, M. (ed.) Democratic innovation: deliberation, representation and association London Routledge. pp. 29-39\nThe theory and practice of citizens’ juries\nSmith, G. and Wales, C. 1999. The theory and practice of citizens’ juries. Policy and Politics. 27 (3), pp. 295-308. https://doi.org/10.1332/030557399782453118\nPolitics and the envronment: from theory to practice\nSmith, G. and Connelly, J. 1999. Politics and the envronment: from theory to practice. London Routledge.\nPermalink - https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9wxqz/tracing-the-impact-of-proposals-from-participatory-processes-methodological-challenges-and-substantive-lessons","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line177835"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5983270406723022,"wiki_prob":0.5983270406723022,"text":"Trump spends MLK Jr. Day golfing\nJeff J Mitchell\n<p>AYR, SCOTLAND - JULY 30: Republican Presidential Candidate Donald Trump drives a golf buggy during his visits to his Scottish golf course Turnberry on July 30, 2015 in Ayr, Scotland. Donald Trump answered questions from the media at a press conference held in his hotel. (Photo by Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images)</p>\nPresident Donald Trump appears poised to ignore his own calls for Americans to mark Martin Luther King Jr. Day with \"acts of civic work and community service.\"\nTrump is not scheduled to partake in any service projects on the federal holiday he and every other US president have designated as a \"day of service\" since 1994. Instead, he arrived Monday morning at his golf club in West Palm Beach, Florida. The only event on the public schedule released daily by the White House is the flight that will take him back to Washington in the afternoon.\nTrump's noticeably blank public schedule Monday comes as he continued to beat back accusations of racism for referring to countries in Africa as \"s---hole countries\" and rejecting immigration from the African continent and Haiti in favor of immigrants from Norway during a meeting with lawmakers. His reported comments were confirmed by both a Republican senator and Democratic senator present, but Trump has denied making the disparaging remarks.\nTrump rejected the criticism on Sunday night, telling reporters that he is the \"least racist person you have ever interviewed.\"\nTrump's proclamation\nTrump marked the holiday celebrating the civil rights icon at the White House Friday where he signed the federal holiday proclamation in a ceremony alongside King's nephew, a dozen of his black political supporters and staffers, and Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson, the most-senior black member of his Cabinet. Carson was scheduled to attend a reception at a historic fire station in Atlanta alongside King's niece, Alveda King.\nTrump praised King's role in the civil rights movement before encouraging \"all Americans to observe this day with acts of civic work and community service in honor of Dr. King's extraordinary life -- and it was extraordinary indeed -- and his great legacy.\"\nThere was no indication Monday morning that Trump would heed that call. A White House spokeswoman did not return a request for comment on whether Trump had any impromptu plans to take part in a community service project. The first lady's office also did not return a request for comment asking whether Melania Trump had any such plans.\nThe White House on Monday did release a video message in which Trump marked the federal holiday and extolled King's legacy and Trump retweeted the video.\nThe first lady marked the day in a tweet Monday morning: \"Today we honor Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. & his service to this great country. I am honored to be First Lady of a nation that continually strives for equality & justice for all.\"\nPresident Ronald Reagan signed a bill into law in 1983 making Martin Luther King Jr. Day a federal holiday and the holiday was first observed in 1986.\nUS presidents have typically observed the holiday publicly, making remarks or attending events honoring the day. Each president since Reagan has signed a proclamation declaring Martin Luther King Jr. day a federal holiday, and in 1994 the holiday was rededicated in an act of Congress as a \"day of service.\"\nThe last three presidents have often taken part in service projects to mark Martin Luther King Jr. Day. In 2001, President Bill Clinton joined AmeriCorps members to help repair and paint a senior center in Washington. In 2007, President George W. Bush joined volunteers at a local high school who were sending postcards to victims of Hurricane Katrina. For the last Martin Luther King Jr. Day of his presidency, President Barack Obama helped students at a local elementary school build planters and plant vegetables for an \"MLK Garden\" at the school.\nThe projects were just some that the three presidents took part in to mark the holiday during their times in office.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line85116"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5122867822647095,"wiki_prob":0.5122867822647095,"text":"Health First Europe welcomes Elisabeth Morin-Chartier as a new MEP Supporter\nNew MEP Supporter, / 19 December 2013\nHealth First Europe is happy to welcome Elisabeth Morin-Chartier as a new MEP Supporter. Mrs Elisabeth Morin-Chartier serves as the Vice-Chair of the Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender Equality and is a Member of the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs. She is also a Member of the Delegation for Relations with United States.\nPrior to joining the European Parliament in 2007, she was a founder of the branch of the National Centre for Distance Learning (CNED) at the Parc du Futuroscope, where she was Head and Director of the CNED (1988) and Director-General of the CNED (1988). She served as Inspector-General in the National Education and Research Administration for the South-Eastern France Group – the regional education authorities of Lyons, Grenoble, Aix-Marseilles, Nice and Corsica (2001-2010). She has been awarded the titles of Knight of the Legion of Honour (2000), Officer of the National Order of Merit (2007) and Commander of the Order of Academic Palms (2005).\nMrs.Morin-Chartier is genuinely involved in ensuring patients’ safety at the European level. She actively supports the strengthening of national coordination on healthcare system and she proposed a joint Motion for a Resolution on HIV/AIDS: early diagnosis and early care (2008).\nHealth First Europe is delighted to welcome MEP Morin-Chartier as a Supporter and looks forward to our future collaboration.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1086163"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5824530720710754,"wiki_prob":0.41754692792892456,"text":"The renewable energy sector has seen strong and fairly consistent FDI since 2007, according to figures from greenfield investment monitor fDi Markets. It says in 2019, investment flows into the sector witnessed an all-time high, however, with renewable energy companies undertaking a total 516 projects abroad – 38% more than the previous year. This spree amounted to $92.1bn of spending, a new record for greenfield FDI in the market.\nThese figures are not unexpected. Investor appetite for green energy projects has never been higher and far outstrips supply, not least as many new geographies are opening up their markets, says Dario Traum, head of policy for Europe, the Middle East and Africa at BloombergNEF.\n“This is because clean energy projects typically offer at least some level of revenue certainty through power purchasing agreements or government support schemes. This makes most clean energy projects a low-risk asset with a yield that is close to, but still higher than, interest rates in OECD countries,” he adds.\nSolar flares\nThe lion’s share of crossborder investment in renewable energy in 2019 went to solar energy, accounting for a little over 50% of all projects, according to fDi Markets. It says foreign investment in the sub-sector has grown almost exponentially since 2004, since solar technology has moved extremely fast in recent decades. Meanwhile, wind energy – the second top destination for foreign investment in 2019 – has seen more stable and linear FDI over the years. Another clear trend relates to biomass and hydroelectric power, both of which have seen decreasing flows of foreign investment over the past two decades.\nIn terms of the leading destinations for FDI in renewables, 2019 saw some novel results. For the first time, Latin America was the world's second most attractive destination for foreign investment in renewables, behind Europe, both in terms of capital expenditure and number of projects, thereby disrupting what has been for many years a competition between Asia-Pacific and Europe, according to fDi Markets. Within Latin America, Brazil, Chile and Mexico stand out. All three are among the world’s top five destinations for foreign investment in renewables, in terms of project numbers since January 2018, alongside Spain and the US.\n“The increased focus on environmental, social and corporate governance-compliant investment of large investors, combined with corporate sustainability pledges and continued cost reduction for clean energy technologies, is supporting activity around the globe, in particular in the secondary market,” says Mr Traum. “From an FDI in emerging markets perspective, Latin America has led the way in this trend. Conducive policies in countries such as Mexico, Brazil or Chile created a large pipeline of projects with regulated revenues paid out in US dollars, backed by a government guarantee.”\nEmerging opportunities\nAs a result, renewable energy infrastructure assets represent a low-risk investment in emerging economies, compared with many other forms of exposure. For example, in 2018 Italy’s Enel Green Power sold 1.8 gigawatts of green energy facilities to Canadian pension fund CDPQ for $1.35bn.\n“Energy sector investors are looking to replicate these successes in more geographies, such as sub-Saharan Africa, where cheap solar energy and policy support are opening up new opportunities,” says Mr Traum.\nLike Latin America, Africa also saw unprecedented foreign investment in renewables in 2019, according to fDi Markets. The majority of foreign investment to the two regions, and the world for that matter, came from European companies.\nIs the party over?\nIt looks likely, however, that the coronavirus outbreak will halt the FDI boom in renewables, and the global transition to green energy more generally. Though the decline in business, consumer and industrial activity has created a short-term drop in greenhouse gas emissions, Covid-19 seems to bring bad news for the environment.\nWith much of the world under lockdown, many prospective or half-complete renewable energy projects face logistical and financial challenges, especially if they are foreign investments. BloombergNEF recently downgraded its forecast for the solar and battery markets in 2020, which is set to see the first fall in global solar power growth since the 1980s.\nSimilarly, Norway’s Rystad Energy recently suggested the global expansion of wind and solar power plants could be “wiped out” for at least a year, as construction time frames feel the impact of government restrictions on movement, and foreign exchange markets contract around the world.\nSome projects in the procurement phase will face a huge increase in capital costs, and therefore have to pause, as currencies take a hit from Covid-19. Those most impacted by all of this are emerging markets in Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and India, where the bulk of solar growth had been expected this year, according to Rystad Energy.\nCheap carbon\nThe coronavirus pandemic is also making renewable energy less competitive against fossil fuel alternatives, which are usually more expensive. In most economies that have implemented concerted lockdowns, electricity demand has declined by about 15%, largely as a result of factories and businesses halting operations, said Fatih Birol, executive director of the International Energy Association, in a recent blog post.\nWeaker demand has meant cheaper electricity, thereby pushing down the price of traditional energy sources. The EU Emissions Trading System shows that carbon prices have dropped from bout $30 per ton in mid-2019, to about $16 in March 2020. This puts fossil fuels on an increasingly level playing field with renewables, decreasing demand for the latter. The historic and ongoing drop in oil prices is exacerbating this situation.\nOn top of this, as billions of dollars from the world’s largest energy oil companies are wiped out by the oil collapse, even more of their spending will likely be directed towards the protection of existing oil and gas investments, rather than to renewables.\nSome analysts, however, are more concerned about the direction of government policies, since attention risks being diverted away from clean energy to more immediate concerns. In March, Mr Birol publicly urged governments around the world to invest in renewables as part of their coronavirus stimulus plans, thereby bringing “the twin benefits of stimulating economies and accelerating clean energy transitions”.\nFor example, with oil prices so low, governments have an opportunity to withdraw fossil-fuel subsidies – which account for $5000bn of spending a year, globally – and redirect them into green energy development. Whether countries and companies will consider the long-term health of the environment in their response to a short-term pandemic remains to be seen, however.\nThis article first appeared in the April-June edition of fDi Magazine. The full digital version of the magazine is available here.\nTraditional energy\nGreen switch shores up gas investment\nCDC and DPW join forces to boost African trade","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line859426"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7211149334907532,"wiki_prob":0.7211149334907532,"text":"MARCH/APRIL • 2018 •VOLUME 48 NO. 5\nSchool Leader, NJSBA’s quarterly magazine, focuses on trends and issues of interest to boards of education and their top administrators.\nSchool Leader Resources\nAbout School Leader\nThere is a vast difference in student achievement scores within and among school districts across America. The reasons for these differences are many — and…\nArts Ed Now for Every Student in Every School\nMarch marks “Arts in Our Schools Month,” the annual celebration and showcase for our students in dance, music, theatre and visual art. For New Jersey…\nSchool Nursing Moves into the Future\nSchool nursing in the United States was born in New York City. In the early 1900s, the practice of school health in the city consisted…\nPlant Seeds, Grow Learners\nThe idea of school gardening is not new. But as people are increasingly aware of the benefits of gardening and growing food, school gardens have…\nA Flu Primer\nThe flu, or influenza-like illness (ILI), has been reported in all regions of the state, and has taken the lives of at least two New…\nWellness Lessons\nAt Barack Obama Elementary School in Asbury Park, a group of students began one recent school day in the front office, where they stood at…\nPresident's Message: Not Again….\nOn the day of the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, I felt sadness and rage and a sick feeling in the pit of my stomach.…\nExecutive Word: One of Our Most Critical Jobs as Educators\n“Every New Jersey student will have the tools to be successful in pursuit of their chosen life goals in a safe, healthy, caring environment.” NJSBA…\nELFNJ Spotlight: Investors Bank Believes Arts Education Matters\n“The award for outstanding achievement in performance…” Is this the Tony Awards? No. But one of the students accepting one of these awards may receive…\nNJSBA At Your Service: Is Your District Taking Advantage of NJSBA’s Policy Resources and Services?\nA school board’s policy manual has many functions. In a broad sense, it describes how the school board wants the district to function. The policy…\nLegally Speaking: Amicus Curious\nAn integral part of NJSBA’s advocacy on behalf of its members is its participation as amicus curiae, or “friend of the court,” before the federal…\nPolicy Update: Seeing Clearly through the Fog\nAs a parent, I can’t help but get angry when I see vaping shops popping up all over the place. Advertising flavors like “Gummi Bear,”…\nHead of the Class: The Transformation of Beverly City\nWalking the halls of the Beverly City School, you can sense the optimism of the teachers, staff, and students. It is obvious this is a…\nNew Jersey high school sports at a glance infographic.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line74344"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6793533563613892,"wiki_prob":0.32064664363861084,"text":"Danish Water Forum (DWF) Inaugurated its base in Gujarat\nGrundfos Pumps India Pvt Ltd\nAHMEDABAD, India, March 26, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --\nThe First-of-its-kind Initiative Partnered by Grundfos Pumps India Pvt Ltd\nThe Danish Water Forum (DWF) Operational Base was inaugurated in the campus of Gujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board on 22nd March, 2013 to mark the celebration of \"World Water Day\". The operational base was inaugurated by Honorable Minister (Water Supply), Babubhai Bokhiriya in the presence of Mr. Freddy Svane, Ambassador of Denmark to India. This is significant as one of the major Scandinavian Water Organization has chosen Gujarat as its base for the first time in India.\nMinister Babubhai Bokhiriya appreciating the water grid network said, \"Government of Gujarat is committed to provide clean and potable drinking water to the entire state. The number of fluoride affected habitations has reduced from 4187 to just 40 during last few years due to establishment of Gujarat State Wide drinking water Grid network\".\nMr. Freddy Svane, Ambassador of Denmark to India said that Gujarat was chosen due to the successful creation of unparalleled State Wide Water Grid that is the biggest of its kind in the world and highlighted the water expertise, knowledge, competence and high standard of Danish Water Forum, making it a perfect organization to serve and strengthen the water distribution systems in Gujarat.\nMr. Ranganath, MD, Grundfos Pumps India Pvt ltd, an organization associated with this project feels that this initiative will encourage water technology companies to attempt new innovative approaches across all the water management sectors in Gujarat.\nThis initiative was in fulfillment of the MoU signed by Government of Gujarat in the recently concluded Vibrant Gujarat Global Investment Summit, in presence of Chief Minister of the state, Mr. Narendra Modi.\nAbout Danish Water Forum:\nThe Danish Water Forum is a research based network aiming at highlighting and promoting water expertise and knowledge and facilitating concerted actions, with an objective to strengthen the water sector, nationally and internationally by promotion of easy access to knowledge and competence on water handling and management, thereby strengthening the quality and competitiveness of the water sector. For more information, please visit http://www.danishwaterforum.dk/index.html.\nAbout Grundfos Pumps India Pvt ltd:\nGrundfos Pumps India Pvt. Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Grundfos Holdings was established on March 13, 1998. Grundfos India is responsible for sales of Grundfos products in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Maldives. Currently, Grundfos India has manpower of over 200 and operates with about 150 Distributors and Dealers with 13 offices across India. Grundfos India provides pumps and pumping solutions for various applications - heating and hot water service systems, cooling and air-conditioning systems, industrial applications, pressure boosting and liquid transfer, groundwater supply, domestic water supply, sewage and wastewater, dosing, chlorination systems, disinfection systems and pumps running on renewable energy. For more information, visit http://www.grundfos.in/\nPrimary Media Contact: Rohini A.V, rohini@prhub.com, 91-9986499342\nSecondary Media Contact: Meenakshi, meenakshi@prhub.com, 91-8050022664\nSOURCE Grundfos Pumps India Pvt Ltd","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line973299"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8052331805229187,"wiki_prob":0.8052331805229187,"text":"Cal Thomas: Chuck Schumer's hypocrisy\nSummary: The Schumer initiative is a power grab. The left, which now controls the Democratic Party, wants to federalize elections, removing from states their right to decide how they wish to conduct their election procedures. Democrats are framing this as a civil rights and \"fairness\" issue, but it is not difficult to see what their true goal is: the creation of an electoral system that will allow them a permanent majority at the federal level.\nCal Thomas Commentary\nBy Cal Thomas\nHypocrisy and lies from politicians are so rampant in Washington that hardly anyone pays them much attention anymore. Perhaps that is why our cynicism about so many things political deepens and distrust of our institutions is pervasive.\nA co-conspirator in all of this is Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY), who has set the middle of the month as his target for changing the filibuster rule that requires 60 votes to pass most legislation. That Schumer has opposed what he now proposes is well-documented for anyone taking the time to do even minimal research, which most of the major media appears unwilling to do.\nIn 2005, Schumer claimed that eliminating the filibuster would turn the country \"into a banana republic, where if you don't get your way, you change the rules. Are we gonna let them (presumably he meant Republicans)? It will be doomsday for Democracy if we do.\" Well, then, has \"doomsday\" arrived and is Schumer its captain?\nIn 2017, Schumer said if you can't get 60 votes \"you shouldn't change the rules.\" Does anyone seriously think that if Democrats were the minority party, which they likely will be after the next election, that he would still favor elimination of the filibuster?\nAt the same time, during confirmation hearings for Neil Gorsuch to become an associate justice on the Supreme Court, Schumer said of then Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, \"He's bound and determined to change the rules and trample on Senate tradition\" to get a conservative nominee approved.\nAs the conservative Federalist Society correctly notes: \"Our system leaves the details of the election administration to individual states. Those details include the specifics of election day rules such as the time for opening and closing polling places, absentee ballot procedures (including emergency absentee balloting), early voting, registering to vote, and the regulation and prosecution of election irregularities and election crimes.\"\nSchumer reminds me of a quote from the late Groucho Marx: \"Those are my principles and if you don't like them, well I have others.\"\nThe Schumer initiative is a power grab. The left, which now controls the Democratic Party, wants to federalize elections, removing from states their right to decide how they wish to conduct their election procedures. Democrats are framing this as a civil rights and \"fairness\" issue, but it is not difficult to see what their true goal is: the creation of an electoral system that will allow them a permanent majority at the federal level.\nAlready Democrats have succeeded in a number of areas, including extended voting hours and ballot drop boxes. The bill backed by Schumer would eliminate the voter identification requirement and allow ballots that arrive after Election Day to be counted, among other changes. This can only deepen the public's distrust of election outcomes. If we think it's bad now with the large number of people who continue to believe, without evidence, that the 2020 election was \"stolen\" from Donald Trump, wait until this monster is passed. It will only divide us further if that's possible.\nFortunately, there are some Democrats, such as Senators Joe Manchin (WV) and Krysten Sinema (AZ) who have stated their support for continuing the 60-vote requirement. One hopes, as with their opposition to President Biden's massive social spending bill, that they will stick to their principles.\nA Wall Street Journal editorial got to the heart of Schumer's hypocrisy and his attempt to link the disingenuously labeled \"Voting Rights Act\" to last year's Capitol riot. The editorial concluded that \"is like comparing criminal justice progressives to those who attacked police and property at Black Lives Matter protests last year. His aim is not to protect democracy, but to blow up Senate rules for partisan gain.\"\nCal Thomas can be reached at cthomas@wctrib.com.\nIt is not simply an era of COVID-19 that is troubling, but the era of distrust of authority that it has brought, not only among the \"crazies\" who reject science but also among the rest of us, who can't figure out exactly what we are supposed to do when there is a faint pink line on an unreliable test.\nBy Susan Estrich\nFroma Harrop commentary: Not getting vaccinated can be child abuse\nSummary: The vaccinated majority is rapidly losing interest in the fate of the unvaccinated -- and that's putting it diplomatically. The latter may be irresponsible, ignorant, selfish, mentally unbalanced or any combination of the above. We just feel sorry for the innocents around them.\nBy FROMA HARROP\nFroma Harrop: Smart progressives should love Elon Musk\nSummary: It is Wall Street that rewarded Musk for accelerating the changeover to electric vehicles. (Tesla also has a thriving solar panel business.) If helping save the planet let Musk edge out Amazon's Jeff Bezos as the world's richest person, well, where's the problem?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line170470"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6156362295150757,"wiki_prob":0.3843637704849243,"text":"Scots scientists make stem cell breakthrough\nBy admin January 18, 2013 Stem Cell Treatment\nCustom byline text:\nHelen Puttick Health Correspondent\nThe Edinburgh University team discovered the bacteria, which cause leprosy, convert cells in the nerve system so they become like stem cells.\nThese cells are known as the building blocks of life and are seen as the key to finding cures for a range of conditions from motor neurone disease to spinal cord injuries, which are currently irreversible.\nIt is hoped scientists will be able to use leprosy bacteria to grow stem cells, which have the ability to turn into any other type of cell needed by the body. These could then be transplanted into patients to repair damage.\nDr Rob Buckle, head of regenerative medicine at the Medical Research Council, has described the research as \"groundbreaking\".\nHe said: \"This discovery is important not just for our understanding and treatment of bacterial disease but for the rapidly progressing field of regenerative medicine.\n\"In future, this knowledge may help scientists to improve the safety and utility of lab-produced pluripotent stem cells and help drive the development of new regenerative therapies for a range of human diseases, which are currently impossible to treat.\"\nLonger-term he is hopeful the insight will lead to a new way of creating stem cell therapies. The cells can be harvested from embryos but this raises ethical issues and Mr Rambukkana said there was also a danger of embryonic stem cells developing into tumours. The leprosy cells do not carry this risk.\nMr Rambukkana said: \"This (research) is very intriguing as it is the first time we have seen that functional adult tissue cells can be reprogrammed into stem cells by natural bacterial infection, which also does not carry the risk of creating tumorous cells.\nVisit link:\nBacteria's hidden skill could pave way for stem cell treatments\nDrug targets hard-to-reach leukemia stem cells responsible for relapses","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line93572"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9501254558563232,"wiki_prob":0.9501254558563232,"text":"news, latest-news, Shoalhaven District Hospital, Nowra, South Nowra, State Government, redevelopment\nPlanning for the $434 million Shoalhaven District Hospital redevelopment continues but there is no actual time frame on when the work will start. Premier Gladys Berejiklian, South Coast MP Shelley Hancock and Kiama MP Gareth Ward announced the redevelopment in November last year but according to Health Infrastructure, the project is still in the planning stage. When asked about a time frame for work to start, Health Infrastructure would only say it will be in \"this term of government\". \"It is still in the planning stage and will start in this term of government,\" the spokesperson said. \"There will be clearer timeframes once the planning is further progressed. \"A clinical services plan is being developed to confirm the range of health care services the new hospital will provide and the size of the facility.\" But the government has already announced the redevelopment will include expanded elective surgery; more surgical, acute medical and aged care beds; expanded maternity services; more operating theatres; increased capacity in the Emergency Department; and expansion of outpatient and ambulatory care zones. Read more: \"Detailed analysis will be undertaken and site options developed to inform the optimal solution for the redevelopment to best service the needs of the broader community,\" the spokesperson said. \"Valuable community and stakeholder engagement will be undertaken during this period to ensure that the analysis is comprehensive. \"Planning such a large development takes a long time to ensure we have opportunities to comprehensively consult with staff and the community.\" But at this stage no concept drawings or design ideas are available. Strange as masterplan concepts for the site were released in June-July last year and showed possible layouts for the precinct. Meanwhile, parking at Shoalhaven Hospital is also set to be enhanced with a new $11.8 million multi car park project, including a new ground level car park, nearing completion. Earlier this year longtime Nowra resident Bill Hancock called on the government to scrap the upgrade plans and build a totally new facility on a greenfield site south of Nowra, closer to the city's major growth and older population areas. In response to South Coast MP Shelley Hancock's survey into the Future of Shoalhaven District Hospital Mr Hancock, who lives adjacent to the ever growing facility, produced a 20-page document proposing a greenfield site on the corner of the Princes Highway/Forest and BTU roads south of Nowra. Mr Hancock said his plan backs up research in the Emergency Medicine Journal that 80 per cent of population should live within a 20-minute drive or a 20 kilometre radius of a hospital. \"Research shows that mortality rates for people living less than 10km away from a hospital is decidedly lower than those between 10-20km and further than 20km,\" he said. \"A 20km radius around the current hospital does not take in the growing areas of Vincentia and the Bay and Basin and only parts of Huskisson. \"A relocation to South of Nowra would certainly achieve that goal.\" As for the cost, he says when you consider the proposed Shoalhaven Hospital upgrade is worth $434 million, add in the almost $12 million for the new multi-level car park, it wasn't far short of the estimated $500 million to build the new Tweed Hospital on a greenfield site.\n/images/transform/v1/crop/frm/TimAB2MTHanvQWPwhBc6mp/212cd714-b728-4197-a56e-3c609a794cf9.jpg/r0_62_2304_1364_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg\nNovember 28 2019 - 9:25AM\nNo start date for proposed $434m Shoalhaven Hospital redevelopment\nRobert Crawford\nPlanning is still underway for the $434 million upgrade of the Shoalhaven District Hospital.\nPlanning for the $434 million Shoalhaven District Hospital redevelopment continues but there is no actual time frame on when the work will start.\nPremier Gladys Berejiklian, South Coast MP Shelley Hancock and Kiama MP Gareth Ward announced the redevelopment in November last year but according to Health Infrastructure, the project is still in the planning stage.\nWhen asked about a time frame for work to start, Health Infrastructure would only say it will be in \"this term of government\".\n\"It is still in the planning stage and will start in this term of government,\" the spokesperson said.\n\"There will be clearer timeframes once the planning is further progressed.\n\"A clinical services plan is being developed to confirm the range of health care services the new hospital will provide and the size of the facility.\"\nBut the government has already announced the redevelopment will include expanded elective surgery; more surgical, acute medical and aged care beds; expanded maternity services; more operating theatres; increased capacity in the Emergency Department; and expansion of outpatient and ambulatory care zones.\nCops to show zero tolerance to arsonists\nPrinces Highway traffic chaos could have easily been averted\nHealth Infrastructure's explainer on how to build a hospital.\n\"Detailed analysis will be undertaken and site options developed to inform the optimal solution for the redevelopment to best service the needs of the broader community,\" the spokesperson said.\nAn artists impression of what Shoalhaven District Hospital might look like under the proposed master plan relaesed in June 2018.\nThe Shoalhaven District Hospital proposed master plan relaesed in June 2018.\n\"Valuable community and stakeholder engagement will be undertaken during this period to ensure that the analysis is comprehensive.\n\"Planning such a large development takes a long time to ensure we have opportunities to comprehensively consult with staff and the community.\"\nBut at this stage no concept drawings or design ideas are available.\nStrange as masterplan concepts for the site were released in June-July last year and showed possible layouts for the precinct.\nMeanwhile, parking at Shoalhaven Hospital is also set to be enhanced with a new $11.8 million multi car park project, including a new ground level car park, nearing completion.\nThe $11.8m multi-level car park at Shoalhaven Hospital is nearing completion.\nEarlier this year longtime Nowra resident Bill Hancock called on the government to scrap the upgrade plans and build a totally new facility on a greenfield site south of Nowra, closer to the city's major growth and older population areas.\nIn response to South Coast MP Shelley Hancock's survey into the Future of Shoalhaven District Hospital Mr Hancock, who lives adjacent to the ever growing facility, produced a 20-page document proposing a greenfield site on the corner of the Princes Highway/Forest and BTU roads south of Nowra.\nMr Hancock said his plan backs up research in the Emergency Medicine Journal that 80 per cent of population should live within a 20-minute drive or a 20 kilometre radius of a hospital.\n\"Research shows that mortality rates for people living less than 10km away from a hospital is decidedly lower than those between 10-20km and further than 20km,\" he said.\n\"A 20km radius around the current hospital does not take in the growing areas of Vincentia and the Bay and Basin and only parts of Huskisson.\n\"A relocation to South of Nowra would certainly achieve that goal.\"\nAs for the cost, he says when you consider the proposed Shoalhaven Hospital upgrade is worth $434 million, add in the almost $12 million for the new multi-level car park, it wasn't far short of the estimated $500 million to build the new Tweed Hospital on a greenfield site.\nDiscuss \"$434m Shoalhaven Hospital redevelopment still in early planning stages\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line917573"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.544842004776001,"wiki_prob":0.544842004776001,"text":"Los Lobos announces live shows in Big Sur, Santa Cruz\nUpdated: 4:22 PM PDT Apr 28, 2021\nJosh Copitch\nFILE - In this Sept. 16, 2015, file photo, the group Los Lobos, from left, David Hidalgo, Louie Perez, Steve Berlin, Conrad Lozano and Cesar Rosas arrive at the Americana Music Honors and Awards show in Nashville, Tenn. The band is being considered for induction next year in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. (AP Photo/Mark Zaleski, File)\nSOURCE: Mark Zaleski\nThe rock band Los Lobos will be performing three live shows on the Central Coast at the end of May. As the state continues to open back up, bands are starting to tour again with outdoor shows in California. Los Lobos, known for their cover of the song La Bamba, will play in Santa Cruz on May 27 and in Big Sur on May 29. The Santa Cruz show will be held on the pool deck at the Dream Inn and in Big Sur they will play outdoors at Loma Vista Gardens. To see more tour dates, click here.\nPACIFIC GROVE, Calif. —\nThe rock band Los Lobos will be performing three live shows on the Central Coast at the end of May.\nAs the state continues to open back up, bands are starting to tour again with outdoor shows in California.\nLos Lobos, known for their cover of the song La Bamba, will play in Santa Cruz on May 27 and in Big Sur on May 29.\nThe Santa Cruz show will be held on the pool deck at the Dream Inn and in Big Sur they will play outdoors at Loma Vista Gardens.\nTo see more tour dates, click here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line590104"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7925216555595398,"wiki_prob":0.7925216555595398,"text":"Read Next 'SNL': Joe Biden Blames COVID Surge on Spider-Man in Cold Open\nSeptember 29, 2018 3:16PM ET\nHear the Chemical Brothers’ Searing New Dancefloor Odyssey ‘Free Yourself’\nEnglish duo shares first new music since 2016\nJon Blistein\nJon Blistein's Most Recent Stories\nSasami’s Heavy Metal for Soft Souls\nJack White Wanders Around a Purgatorial American Legion in ‘Love Is Selfish’ Video\nNicki Minaj No Longer Facing Harassment Lawsuit Filed by Husband’s Rape Accuser\nThe Chemical Brothers unveiled a searing new track, \"Free Yourself,\" marking their first new music in two years.\nRMV/REX/Shutterstock\nThe Chemical Brothers unveiled a breathless new dance track, “Free Yourself,” marking their first new song since 2016.\n“Free Yourself” is centered around a vocal refrain that’s chopped in various ways, but always conveys a clear message: “Free yourself, free me, dance.” The production supports the command, as the Chemical Brothers craft a euphoric, multi-faceted odyssey of blistering synths and deep grooves.\nThe Chemical Brothers started performing “Free Yourself” during festival appearances this summer, and the track marks their first piece of new music since their 2016 single, “C-h-e-m-i-c-a-l.” In June, the group shared a cover of Tim Buckley’s “I Never Asked to Be Your Mountain,” which featured regular collaborator Beth Orton.\nThe Chemical Brothers’ last album, Born In the Echoes, arrived in 2015. The record features collaborations with Beck, St. Vincent, Q-Tip, Cate Le Bon, Colin Stetson and more. Last year, the group shared a virtual reality video for their track with St. Vincent, “Under Neon Lights.”\nIn This Article: The Chemical Brothers","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1068363"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7296953201293945,"wiki_prob":0.27030467987060547,"text":"Wondermondo 🢖 World 🢖 Wonders of Africa 🢖 Wonders of Ethiopia\nWonders of Ethiopia\nThe unique Harenna Forest. / Roberto Marchegiani, Flickr / CC BY-NC-ND 2.0\nEthiopia is a very interesting country with rich cultural and natural heritage. The most amazing wonders of Ethiopia are:\nRock-cut churches. Christianity was established in Ethiopia in the 4th century and since then it has inspired a distinct cultural tradition. Monolithic churches, hewn in live rock and adorned with garish frescoes, form a part of this unique cultural tradition. By far the best known monolithic churches are located in Lalibela, but there many more rock-cut churches in the mountains of Ethiopia.\nAncient stelae and megalithic standing stones. True wonders of the world are stelae of Axum – these monolithic stone obelisks were up to 33 meters high and 520 tonnes heavy. Obelisks were erected in the first centuries AD, but the tradition of the erection of stones goes further in the past. There are thousands of standing stones in diverse locations of Ethiopia, including the southern jungle. The best known are Tiya Stelae – standing stones adorned with mysterious signs and figures and erected in unknown times by unknown people.\nMap with the described wonders of Ethiopia\nTop 25 wonders of Ethiopia\nDallol hot springs and geysers\nOne of the visually most outstanding places on Earth, the hot springs have a high salt concentration that has shaped terraces and other formations of very bright, unusual colors. Among the hot springs, there is also a salt geyser – possibly the only one in the world.\nErta Ale\nOne of the most active volcanos in the world, with a constant lava lake (sometimes two lakes) in the crater, known since 1906. None of the other known lava lakes in the world have such a long lifetime.\nBlue Nile Falls – Tis Abay\nEnormous waterfall, 37 – 45 m high, up to 400 m wide. Now part of the water is used by hydropower plant.\nSof Omar Caves\nOromiya\nThe longest known cave in Ethiopia, 15.1 km long. A sacred site. The cave can be walked through.\nJinbar Falls\nJin Bahir stream falls into a giant, 800 m deep abyss in Simien Mountains. Falls are starting from deep canyon – thus their height is less than the depth of abyss but nevertheless – more than 500 m.\nLake Afrera\nUnusual, slightly acidic, hypersaline lake 102 m below the sea level. Two endemic species of fish live in the lake. Parts of the lake are covered with a salt layer, there are observed “attacks” of the lake when the salt layer is suddenly raised like a big wave.\nAllalobed geysers and hot springs\nGroup of beautiful hot springs and up to 6 m high (sometimes even 30 m), very active geyser.\nBiological wonders\nHarenna Forest\nUnique montane forest, little-explored but as far is it known – one of the most biodiverse areas in the region. Receives more rain than most areas around as it is located on an enormous southwest-facing slope. Contains natural groves of high-quality coffee.\nGara Muleta cloud forest\nMountain cloud forest island amidst deserts and semi-deserts. One of the most biodiverse places in Ethiopia with 361 species of plants. 45 plants are endemic to Ethiopia. Rich fauna with numerous species of monkeys and other animals. Especially species-rich is the southern side of the mountain.\nArchaeological wonders\nTiya Stelae\nSouthern Nations, Nationalities and People’s Region\nA row of 36 standing stones – megaliths. 32 stones are adorned with enigmatic symbols. Most likely here is located burial complex. Age of this ancient Ethiopian culture is not known. There are known some 160 more megalithic sites in Soddo region.\nAxum Northern Stelae Park\nHundreds of enormous steles. These monuments were made of single stones and were made around the 4th century AD. Stelae mark the burials of emperors and nobles. The tallest – Obelisk of Axum – is 24 m high. The tallest stele in the past was 33 m tall.\nTutu Fela megalithic stelae\nEnormous megalithic monument with more than 1200 upright stones, marking ancient burials. Many standing stones are formed in phallic forms and adorned with stone carvings.\nTomb of King Bazen\nPurported tomb of legendary emperor Zäbe’esi Bazén who reigned at the time of Christ. An amazing monolithic structure that has been hewn in solid rock. 16 steps lead down into a hall with four burial chambers.\nNefas Mawcha\nOne of the largest megalithic structures in the world – a dolmen that is 17 x 7 x 1.5 m large and weighs some 360 tons. It served as a roof to an underground complex of tombs.\nArchitecture wonders of Ethiopia\nLalibela churches\n11 monolithic Christian churches hewn underground from the cliff in the 13th century.\nDebre Damo\nThis monastery from the 6th century is accessible only by rope up a vertical cliff. Here is located the oldest Christian church in Ethiopia (around the 6th century AD), where as construction materials are used obelisks of Axum state.\nAbuna Yemata Guh\nThis small and beautiful rock-cut church was made in the 13th century. The church is adorned with beautiful frescoes. One should ascend over a 200 m abyss to enter the church.\nAdadi Maryam\nA complex of approximately 600 – 700 years old, rock-hewn churches. These are the southernmost ancient Christian rock-cut churches. If compared with churches in Lalibela, these churches are roughly made.\nFortress – town of the emperor of Ethiopia, built in the 17th century. Now it is in ruins but nevertheless looks very impressive. The architecture of the complex is a unique fusion of Nubian, Arab and Baroque styles. Includes Fasilides Castle and other buildings.\nAmba Geshen\nIsolated, flat-topped mountain surrounded by vertical, high man-made walls. This mountain was used as a prison in the past – here were exiled and left male heirs of Ethiopian Emperors.\nHarar Jugol\nA historical center of the once important commercial city, enclosed in a fortification wall. Harar Jugol contains a huge amount of historical architecture including 110 mosques. The city flourished in the 16th century.\nAxum Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion\nThe most important church of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, a site where Ethiopian emperors were crowned. The first church was built here around the 4th century AD, the current one – in 1665. According to Ethiopian tradition, this church holds the original Ark of the Covenant.\nDebre Tsion Church\nMountaintop church, built in the 13th century. Church is hewn in the rock, adorned with beautiful frescoes.\nTana Qirqos\nLegendary island – there are stories that Ark of the Covenant was hidden on this island for a while – from 400 BC to 400 AD. Then it was moved to Axum.\nUra Kidane Mehret\nThis beautiful church was constructed in the 16th century. Decorated with numerous murals from the 18th – 19th century.\nEthiopia (Bradt Travel Guide)\nThe bestselling guide to Ethiopia in recent years, this fully updated seventh edition of Philip Briggs’ acclaimed guide reveals an ancient country that continues to surpass all expectations: from the ancient Judaic cultures of the fertile highlands to the Animist people of the South Omo Valley, from the Afroalpine moorland of the Bale Mountains National Park to the thundering Blue Nile Falls.\nHeld at a Distance: A Rediscovery of Ethiopia\nThis powerful book gives readers a chance to experience Ethiopia through the personal experience of a writer who is both Ethiopian and American. It takes readers beyond headlines and stereotypes to a deeper understanding of the country. This is an absorbing account of the author’s return trip to Ethiopia as an adult, having left the country in exile with her family at age 11.\nTagged Areas","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line50194"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8657599687576294,"wiki_prob":0.8657599687576294,"text":"Parachinar: The Silent Massacre\nAli Jawad | 15.04.2009 11:34 | Repression | Terror War | World\nSurprisingly, at a time when the “civilized” world is on a so-called offensive against “terror”, coverage of the sorrow-filled plight of Parachinaris within western media has been periodical at best. The reasons for this are unclear. May be it is because Parachinar, fatefully, does not sit over barrels of oil; or perhaps our probing of the historical context behind these massacres will lead us to discover that Parachinar is yet another piece of anecdotal evidence of the much disregarded “blowback” stemming from the Soviet era.\nTucked away between soaring snowy-peaks and deep gorges in the fragile north-western region of Pakistan is the tiny town of Parachinar.\nZulfiqar Ali Bhutto, one of the more charismatic leaders in the history of this troubled nation, is said to have called it Pakistan’s own “Switzerland”. Humbled by towering snow-tipped mountains and covered by endless fruit orchards, Parachinar’s natural charm is breathtaking. Its narrative for the last two years however, has been anything but reflective of the serene beauty of its surroundings.\nStrangled by recurring sieges laid on the town, and a plight concealed from the consciences of the outside world by a silent media, the lives of Parachinaris have been a tale of untold suffering. Since early 2007, violence has gripped the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), which holds Parachinar, and the surrounding North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) leading to the deaths of hundreds. Even more have been left homeless and without means of sustenance with homes and local businesses regularly torched down just because their owners happen to fall under the wrong “sect”. Despite the periodical nature of sectarian violence in these regions, the unrelenting wave of the recent outbreak has been by far the bloodiest in recent memory.\nTensions began in April 2007 when a procession of Shias came under fire from fanatical Wahhabis who view Shia Muslims as heretics. What followed on from that initial attack however, has been a systematic attempt to wipe out Parachinar of its’ Shia presence. Shias represent a majority of the population in Parachinar constituting over fifty-percent (50%) of the population. They also have a considerable presence in neighbouring towns in the north-west of the country with a strong and historic Hazara presence further north of the FATA.\nDuring the rule of General Zia-ul-Haq, the Kurram Agency (which hosts the town of Parachinar) came under increased focus for its strategic location as it provided the shortest route from within Pakistan to the Afghan capital, Kabul. Jutting out into Afghanistan almost like an island peninsula, it was famously nicknamed the “Parrot’s Beak” by US forces during the Soviet-Afghan War and was regularly used as a launching-pad by American-backed \"jihadists\" to strike out at the Soviets. As a result of this strategic importance, towns in the FATA region were flooded by inflows of Wahhabist and Salafist anti-Soviet “jihadists” well-known for their hatred towards Shias.\nFollowing on from the early and comparably minimal killings unleashed in April, armed Wahhabi groups have since caved in on the local Shias of Parachinar from all sides. The Shia residents of Parachinar have repeatedly claimed that Wahhabi elements from Afghanistan have joined in the attacks against the town’s Shias, but these cries have been met by deaf ears in Islamabad’s Pakistani central government.\nAn all-out attack against the Shias of Parachinar has been underway for a long time now; even Sunni locals seen to be “friendly” towards Shias have not been spared in this maelstrom of killing. Gruesome images of beheaded and mutilated bodies, with arms and legs chopped off from corpses, have surfaced on the Internet since the outbreak of violence. Such showings of utter barbarity are not altogether unique. The collective massacres of Hazara Shias in next door Afghanistan - more notably in Mazari Sharif in 1998 where during a 48-hour period over 8,000 Hazaras were mercilessly slaughtered - evoke similar images of ruthlessness. By the end of the killing spree then, corpses littered the streets of the city after express orders were given out by the Taliban government for the dead to be left unburied.\nEerily reminiscent of massacres conducted against Afghan Shias in the recent past, Riaz Ali Toori, a villager from Parachinar, protested in a letter to a Pakistani daily:\n“Today Parachinar is burning: daily bodies of more than five beheaded persons reach Parachinar. The situation of Parachinar is getting worse day by day and so is the life of all people living there. It’s a matter of great sorrow and shock that Pakistan, in spite of bringing Fata into the mainstream of the country, has been pushed into fighting a continuous war and facing terror.” (Letters to the Editor, The Dawn, April 08 2008)\nIn July of 2008, the New York Times ran a piece highlighting the rise of “sectarian conflict” in Parachinar. By then, the town had already been subject to a siege that had spanned for months; food and medical supplies had been in severe shortage after the main Thal-Peshawar highway leading to the town was blocked off by armed groups. The New York Times article carried the story of Asif Hussain, a Sunni driver, in a relief convoy headed for Parachinar; the convoy was ambushed, and its drivers taken captive. Asif Hussain was let off after convincing his captors that he was Sunni, the other eight drivers were not as lucky. (Power Rising Taliban Besiege Pakistani Shiites, New York Times, July 26 2008)\nToday, the violence has spread out over a larger radius extending all the way through to the southern tips of the NWFP. Attacks on Shias in Hangu, Chakwal and as far south as Deira Ismail Khan have become a thing of the norm. Late in August of last year, a suicide bomber detonated himself inside the DI Khan hospital killing thirty-two Shia followers who had come to claim the remains of one of their leaders slain earlier in the day.\nAs recently as last week, another suicide bomber struck a Shia mosque in Chakwal instantly killing thirty and leaving hundreds more injured. The systematic targeting of followers of the Shia sect in various regions of Pakistan, more specifically in the north-west of the country, amounts to nothing other than a project of ethnic cleansing. According to a reputed scholar of the phenomenon of ethnic cleansing, Drazen Petrovic, he defines it as such:\n“ethnic cleansing is a well-defined policy of a particular group of persons to systematically eliminate another group from a given territory on the basis of religious, ethnic or national origin. Such a policy involves violence and is very often connected with military operations. It is to be achieved by all means, from discrimination to extermination …”\nThe above definition provides an almost perfect fit to the present situation on the ground in Parachinar. If international silence continues as it has over the last two years, the same story will have repeated across many towns in the FATA and NWFP.\nThat the Pakistani government holds principal blame for its failure to restrain the killings is indisputable and goes without mention. Wider global apathy to an ongoing project of ethnic cleansing however, is certainly not comprehensible and deserves a great deal of mention.\nParachinar deserves better. And the people of Parachinar certainly deserve better. The least we can do is speak out and urge our leaders to press the Pakistani government to bring an immediate end to these massacres. Then, and only then perhaps, can it be said that we have extended a hand to the forgotten victims of Parachinar.\nAli Jawad\ne-mail: jawad.ali313@hotmail.com\nHomepage: http://www.aimislam.com\nWho Benefits? — Little John\nEnd the Killing — Muhammad\nReply to Muhammad — Little John\nBetween Anarchism and Reality — Ali Jawad\nReply To Ali Jawad — Little John","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line49810"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.529572069644928,"wiki_prob":0.470427930355072,"text":"Tinie Tempah Home\nTinie Tempah On Why He's Supporting Tinchy Stryder On 'I'm A Celebrity'\n19 November 2014, 09:31 | Updated: 19 November 2014, 14:51\nTinie reckons it is Tinchy's time to \"really shine.\"\nTinie Tempah has revealed that he thinks it was a good move for Tinchy Stryder to go on 'I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here,' revealing that it is \"a chance from him to really shine.\"\nTalking to Kojo and Jade on Capital XTRA In The Morning, Tinie said that people often associate celebrities going into the jungle with meaning that their career is over, but it doesn't need to be that way for Tinchy.\n\"He's a respectable young man and I just feel like his music has been good but I don't think we've ever been able to see his personality\" Tinie said. \"As a young man who represents himself well it's nice for us to be able to watch him every day.\"\n\"For a lot of young people of his demographic, or who listen to his music, or are in to urban music, they can see somebody in that environment conducting themselves properly, which I know he will do.\"\nAs he stopped by the studio Tinie also spoke openly about backing 2014's Anti-Bullying Week, sharing a story or two from his school days.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line616443"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8306868076324463,"wiki_prob":0.8306868076324463,"text":"In Memory of TahiaEdward Said\nVol. 21 No. 21 · 28 October 1999\nIn Memory of Tahia\nThe first and only time I saw her dance on the stage was in 1950 at Badia’s Casino, in Giza, just below where the Sheraton stands today. A few days later, I saw her at a vegetable stand in Zamalek, as provocative and beautiful as she had been a few nights before, except this time she was wearing a smart lavender suit and high heels. She looked me straight in the eye but my 14-year-old flustered stare wilted under what seemed to me her brazen scrutiny, and I turned away. I told my older cousin’s wife Aida with shamefaced disappointment about my lacklustre performance with the great woman. ‘You should have winked at her,’ Aida said dismissively, as if such a thing were even imaginable. Tahia Carioca was the most stunning and long-lived of the Arab world’s Eastern dancers (belly-dancers, as they are called today). Her career lasted sixty years, from her first days as a dancer at Badia’s Opera Square Casino in the early Thirties, through the rule of King Farouk, of Gamal Abdel Nasser, Anwar al Sadat and Hosni Mubarak. Each of them, except, I think, Mubarak, imprisoned her at least once for various, mostly political offences. She also acted in hundreds of films and dozens of plays, took part in demonstrations, was a voluble, not to say aggressive member of the actors’ syndicate, and in her last years had become a pious (though outspoken) Muslim known to all her friends and admirers as ‘al-Hagga’. Aged 79, she died of a heart attack in a Cairo hospital on 20 September.\nAbout ten years ago I made a special pilgrimage to Cairo to meet and interview her, having in the meantime seen dozens of her films and one of her plays, the appallingly bad Yohya l’Wafd, written by her then husband and much younger co-star, Fayez Halawa. He was an opportunist, she later told me, who robbed her of all her money, pictures, films and memorabilia. Robed in the black gown and headscarf of a devout Muslim woman, she radiated die verve and wit that had informed all her performances as a dancer, actress, public personality. I wrote about her in the London Review of Books: her extraordinary dancing career, her power as a cultural symbol throughout the Arab world. Egypt was the capital of that world when it came to such matters as pleasure and the arts of desire and sociability, and Tahia was its representative.\nMost Eastern Arabs would, I believe, concede that the dour Syrians and Jordanians, the quickwitted Lebanese, the rough-hewn Gulf Arabs and the ever-so-serious Iraqis have never stood a chance beside the I entertainers, clowns, singers and dancers that Egypt and its people have provided for the past several centuries. Palestinians or Iraqis may level damaging political accusations at Egypt’s governments, but they never fail to acknowledge the country’s charm and the pleasures of its clipped, lilting dialect. In all that Tahia stood quite alone, and not altogether despite her flaws and often puzzling waywardness. A leftwing radical in some things, she was a time-server and opportunist in others; she made a late return to Islam but she also admitted to 14 husbands (there may have been a few more) and had a carefully cultivated reputation for debauchery.\nThe only other entertainer in the Arab world on her level was Um Kulthum, the great Koranic reciter and romantic singer, whose Thursday-evening broadcasts from a Cairo theatre were transmitted everywhere between Morocco and Oman. Having been fed a diet of her music at far too young an age, I found her songs insufferable. But for those who like and believe in such cultural typing, her long, languorous, repetitive lines, slow tempi, strangely dragging rhythms, ponderous monophony and eerily lachrymose or devotional lyrics stood for something quintessentially Arab and Muslim which I never quite came to terms with.\nTahia, by comparison, is barely known – except among belly-dancers, all of whom today seem to be non-Arab, and who regard her as their major inspiration. Belly-dancing is in many ways the opposite of ballet, its Western equivalent. Ballet is all about elevation and lightness; Eastern dancing, as Tahia practised it, shows the dancer planting herself more and more solidly in the earth, digging into it almost, scarcely moving, certainly never expressing anything like the nimble semblance of weightlessness that a great ballet dancer conveys. Tahia’s dancing suggested (vertically) a sequence of horizontal pleasures, but also paradoxically communicated an elusiveness and a kind of grace that cannot be pinned down on a flat surface. She performed within an Arab and Islamic setting but was constantly in tension with it. She belonged to the tradition of the alema, the learned woman who is also a courtesan, an extremely literate woman who is lithe and profligate with her physical charms. One never felt her to be part of an ensemble – as in kathak dancing, say – but always as a solitary, somewhat perilous figure moving to attract and at the same time repel men and women.\nAnother thing about her that strikes me now that she has died is how untidy and shiftless her life seems to have been. I suppose this is true of performers in general, who really exist before us for the brief time they are on stage and then disappear. Audio-recordings and film have given a kind of permanence to displays of great virtuosity, but mechanical reproduction can never have the edge and excitement of what is intended to happen only once. Glenn Gould spent the last 16 years of his life trying to disprove this, to the extent even of pretending that a listener equipped with a super-refined amplifier could ‘creatively’ participate in the recorded performance. The idea of play-back, on hi-fi or VCR, is supposed to compensate for the rarity and perishability of live artistic energy, and no doubt all of Tahia’s films are available on video. But what about her thousands of other performances, the ones that weren’t recorded – plays, nightclubs, ceremonies; what about her uncountable appearances at soirées, dinners, I all-night sessions with fellow actors and actresses?\nIt is probably too much to say of her that she was a subversive figure, but I think that her meandering, careless way with her relationships with men, her art, her profligacy as an actress who seemed to have nothing left of her scripts, her contracts (if she had any to begin with), her stills, costumes, and the rest, all suggest how far away she always was from anything that resembled domesticity, or ordinary commercial or bourgeois life, or even comfort of the kind so many of her peers seem to have cared about. A decade ago, when I spent the afternoon at her nondescript apartment, she seemed to me a great Nanaesque figure who had indulged and then dismissed her appetites, and could sit back, enjoy a coffee and smoke with a perfect stranger, reminiscing, making up stories, reciting set-pieces (‘when I danced, I felt I was entering the temple of art,’ she said with a great deal of mock-seriousness), relaxing but still evasive.\nTahia’s life and death – despite the proliferating videos, the retrospectives of her films, the memorial occasions when she will be eulogised – symbolise the enormous amount of life in that part of the world which goes unrecorded and unpreserved. None of the Arab countries I know has proper state archives, public record offices or official libraries any more than any of them has a decent control over their monuments or antiquities, the history of their cities or individual works of architecture – mosques, palaces, schools. What I have is a sense of a sprawling, teeming history off the page, out of sight and hearing, beyond reach, largely unrecoverable. Our history is mostly written by foreigners – visiting scholars, intelligence agents – while we rely on personal and disorganised collective memory, gossip almost, and the embrace of a family or knowable community to carry us forward in time. The great thing about Tahia was that her sensuality, or rather the flicker of it that I recall, was so unneurotic, so attuned to an audience whose gaze in all its raw or, in the case of dance connoisseurs, refined lust, was as transient and unthreatening as she was. Enjoyment for now; then, nothing.\nEdward Said, who died in 2003, first contributed to the LRB in 1981.\nThoughts on Late Style\nA Road Map to Where? The Future of the Middle East\nThe Academy of Lagado: The US Administration’s misguided war\nMore by Edward Said","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line184516"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7258957624435425,"wiki_prob":0.2741042375564575,"text":"Difference and Inequality\nStory: Class\nUnderstanding class\nColonial society – the rich\nColonial society – the working class\nA middle-class society? – material differences, 1890 to 1970\nA middle-class society? – class consciousness, 1890 to 1970\nA new society, 1980s onwards\nNew groupings\nThe Duke of York at Longbeach, 1927\nDuring their royal tour of 1927, the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and the Queen Mother), stayed at Longbeach, the South Canterbury home of the Griggs. The homestead was originally built by John Grigg, who purchased land in 1864 and at one time owned 32,000 acres between the Ashburton and Hinds rivers. By 1927 much of the land had been sold, but the genteel way of life continued and pursuits such as horse riding and hunting were still followed. The duke and duchess's daughter, Queen Elizabeth II, also stayed at Longbeach during the royal tour of 1953–54.\nReference: 1/4-019094-G\n1890 maritime strike\nUrban occupational structure, 1926\nJock Phillips, 'Class - A middle-class society? – material differences, 1890 to 1970', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/photograph/29726/the-duke-of-york-at-longbeach-1927 (accessed 29 January 2022)\nStory by Jock Phillips, published 5 May 2011, reviewed & revised 22 May 2018","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1864110"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7164462208747864,"wiki_prob":0.7164462208747864,"text":"Home Art NYPD Proposes Stricter Regulations on Press Credentials\nNYPD Proposes Stricter Regulations on Press Credentials\nNYPD officers at a Black Lives Matter protest in New York in May 2020 (photo by the author for Hyperallergic)\nAt a time of increased scrutiny over the actions of police forces across the country, fueled by protests of historic proportions, the New York Police Department (NYPD) has proposed new regulations that would expand the authority of officers to seize the press credentials of journalists and bar them from crossing police lines to cover news stories.\nReleased on Wednesday last week, July 15, a proposed amendment to the existing rules on press credentials states that “a press credential is subject to a summary suspension or revocation if the credential holder abuses their privileges or engages in conduct that endangers public safety.”\nThe new regulations list a number of offenses that could strip journalists of police-issued press credentials in New York City: being arrested for a violation or a crime; “failure to comply with a lawful order of a police officer”; “intentional interference or attempt to interfere with the performance of a police officer’s official function”; “misusing or misrepresenting the press credential while not acting in a news gathering capacity”; unauthorized transfer of the credentials to another individual; and “other conduct that endangers public safety or interferes with legitimate law enforcement needs.”\nThe new set of rules empowers NYPD officers to seize the press credentials on the spot. Journalists who are denied their credentials would be able to appeal the decision and request a hearing in writing within 20 days from the date of the denial.\nThe new regulations were received with widespread criticism from news organizations and nonprofits that advocate for freedom of the press.\nIn a statement last week, PEN America called the new rules “an attack on free press.”\n“The New York Police Department’s new proposal is a blatant effort to weaken our free press,” PEN America’s director of US free expression programs, Nora Benavidez, said in a statement. She continued:\nIt would grant extreme latitude for officers to revoke reporters’ credentials if they determine a journalist has interfered with ‘legitimate law enforcement needs.’ This kind of unbridled police discretion begs the question: Whose interests are furthered by restricting the press’s ability to document law enforcement conduct? Certainly not the public.\nIn an opinion article, the New York Times’s editorial board wrote, “The timing of the changes, in the works for years, sends a message that police officials are trying to hinder an important check on their conduct.”\n“The new rules themselves are an affront to both good government and common sense,” the board added. “As proposed, they are too broad and clear the way for the department to act capriciously in retaliation against the press.”\nHowever, there are those who argue that the new regulations are an improvement on the current rules. In an opinion piece for the Gothamist, reporter and photojournalist JB Nicholas, who says he was denied NYPD press credentials in 2015, wrote that critics of the new rules “do not understand is that the current system is far worse, and that these hard-fought-over and carefully crafted rules will act as a meaningful check on the NYPD’s power to censor journalists.”\nAccording to Nicholas, under the current system, journalists who were denied their credentials are not told the reason for the denial and face an opaque repeal process.\n“[Journalists] are not told what they need to prove to win at the hearing and obtain the return of the credential,” he wrote. “The law fails to state who has the burden of proof and what the burden of proof is. Journalists are not permitted to see or challenge the evidence against them.”\nA public hearing on the proposed regulations will be held on August 18.\nPrevious articleNikita Gale Is Thinking About the Politics of Sound and Music\nNext articleUP Government Releases Guidelines For Home Isolation For Corona Patient\nFor Turkish Women Artists and Advocates, #challengeaccepted Is About More Than Just Selfies\nDavid Wojnarowicz’s Little-known “Stoned” Drawings\nA Beirut Gallery Owner Speaks About the Devastation of the Explosion\nDelhi mother son duo make Masks For The Poor for free named initiative Pick...\nRajasthan Political Crisis: Sonia gandhis quick action on Sachin Pilot issue – सचिन पायलट...\nMadhya Pradesh: Farmers also started online Satyagraha in Siwani – किसानों ने भी शुरू...\nBusiness idea millions can be earned from black pepper business know every aspect of...\nadmin - December 15, 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line380736"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7215191721916199,"wiki_prob":0.2784808278083801,"text":"Via Rod Dreher, excerpts from a Jonathan Haidt column itself summarizing a study attempting to explain the \"microagression\" culture on many college campuses. From Haidt:\nI just read the most extraordinary paper by two sociologists — Bradley Campbell and Jason Manning — explaining why concerns about microaggressions have erupted on many American college campuses in just the past few years. In brief: We’re beginning a second transition of moral cultures. The first major transition happened in the 18th and 19th centuries when most Western societies moved away from cultures of honor (where people must earn honor and must therefore avenge insults on their own) to cultures of dignity in which people are assumed to have dignity and don’t need to earn it. They foreswear violence, turn to courts or administrative bodies to respond to major transgressions, and for minor transgressions they either ignore them or attempt to resolve them by social means. There’s no more dueling.\nCampbell and Manning describe how this culture of dignity is now giving way to a new culture of victimhood in which people are encouraged to respond to even the slightest unintentional offense, as in an honor culture. But they must not obtain redress on their own; they must appeal for help to powerful others or administrative bodies, to whom they must make the case that they have been victimized. It is the very presence of such administrative bodies, within a culture that is highly egalitarian and diverse (i.e., many college campuses) that gives rise to intense efforts to identify oneself as a fragile and aggrieved victim. ....\nFrom the study (as quoted by Haidt. I have removed references.):\nThis is the great tragedy: the culture of victimization rewards people for taking on a personal identity as one who is damaged, weak, and aggrieved. This is a recipe for failure — and constant litigation — after students graduate from college and attempt to enter the workforce. ....\nThe prevailing culture in the modern West is one whose moral code is nearly the exact opposite of that of an honor culture. Rather than honor, a status based primarily on public opinion, people are said to have dignity, a kind of inherent worth that cannot be alienated by others. Dignity exists independently of what others think, so a culture of dignity is one in which public reputation is less important. Insults might provoke offense, but they no longer have the same importance as a way of establishing or destroying a reputation for bravery. It is even commendable to have “thick skin” that allows one to shrug off slights and even serious insults, and in a dignity-based society parents might teach children some version of “sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me” – an idea that would be alien in a culture of honor. People are to avoid insulting others, too, whether intentionally or not, and in general an ethic of self-restraint prevails. ....\nMicroaggression complaints have characteristics that put them at odds with both honor and dignity cultures. Honorable people are sensitive to insult, and so they would understand that microaggressions, even if unintentional, are severe offenses that demand a serious response. But honor cultures value unilateral aggression and disparage appeals for help. Public complaints that advertise or even exaggerate one’s own victimization and need for sympathy would be anathema to a person of honor – tantamount to showing that one had no honor at all.\nMembers of a dignity culture, on the other hand, would see no shame in appealing to third parties, but they would not approve of such appeals for minor and merely verbal offenses. Instead they would likely counsel either confronting the offender directly to discuss the issue, or better yet, ignoring the remarks altogether.\nA culture of victimhood is one characterized by concern with status and sensitivity to slight combined with a heavy reliance on third parties. People are intolerant of insults, even if unintentional, and react by bringing them to the attention of authorities or to the public at large. Domination is the main form of deviance, and victimization a way of attracting sympathy, so rather than emphasize either their strength or inner worth, the aggrieved emphasize their oppression and social marginalization. … Under such conditions complaint to third parties has supplanted both toleration and negotiation. People increasingly demand help from others, and advertise their oppression as evidence that they deserve respect and assistance. Thus we might call this moral culture a culture of victimhood because the moral status of the victim, at its nadir in honor cultures, has risen to new heights. .... [more]\nDonald Trump, Social Justice Warrior?\nMilton House\nArriving this morning in the mail: Milton (Images of America) by Doug Welch and the Milton Historical Society. I suspect anyone who has ever lived in Milton would enjoy it. I grew up there. The book begins with a brief history of the city and then there are five sections of captioned pictures: 1. Milton House, 2. Village of Milton, 3. Milton Junction, 4. Working Rails, and 5. Milton College.\nSo far I've only looked at the Milton House section. My parents took me to the pageant held when the museum first opened in 1955 and there are pictures of that pageant. In high school I volunteered Sundays as a guide in the museum and spent at least one summer, probably in 1962, as a paid guide (The wage was, I think, $1.25 an hour). On Sundays one guide didn't take a group through the entire tour - it was divided into sections with a different guide for each section. Prof \"Si\" Inglis always had the basement. The summer I worked there I recall going next door on hot days to Earl Young's Standard Station to buy pop out of the cooler in his front room. In my memory every day was hot that summer although cooler in the museum, especially in the basement and the tunnel. The regular staff at the museum included these folks. The caption is the one from the book.\nDuring the early years of its operation, the Milton House was a seasonal museum offering tours from May through September each year. It was not until the completions of the 2006 expansion that the museum could be opened year round. Pictured here at the opening of the 1960 tour season are museum curators Rev John and Emily Randolph.\nI believe \"FitzRandolph\" is correct, although \"Fitz Randolph\" may be right. (Note: I gather from a descendent that, for this generation, \"Randolph\" is correct, although both the previous and subsequent generations used \"FitzRandolph.\")\nI anticipate enjoying the remaining sections of the book just as much as this one.\nI believe the book can be purchased from the Milton Historical Society. An Amazon link for the book is here.\nLabels: Books, SDB History\n\"On the third day he rose\"\nIn \"The Day of Jesus' Resurrection According to Matthew,\" Paul Manuel takes up the question of the chronology of Easter. His conclusions:\n.... Buried on Friday, before the Sabbath had begun, when did Jesus rise from the dead? The most common belief is that he rose early Sunday morning, but that does not seem to agree with his prediction of spending \"three days and three nights\" (72 hours?) in the grave. An examination of the different statements about the time of the resurrection, though, reveals considerable variation, forcing the reader to view them either as a host of contradictions or as simple approximations referring to parts of a three-day period. ....\nHow are we to understand such disparate statements about the time of Jesus' resurrection? These are all approximate references and, therefore, not contradictory. Their purpose is to direct attention to the third day, which is when Jesus rose from the dead. If there is any uncertainty which day of the week that momentous event occurred, Luke resolves the matter, for he identifies \"the third day\" with \"the first day of the week\" (i.e., Sunday). ....\nThe chronological markers in the gospel accounts enable modern readers to establish the day of Jesus' crucifixion and the day of his resurrection. According to those markers, Jesus died on Friday, the preparation day for the weekly Sabbath, and he rose on the third day, which was Sunday, the first day of the week. [more]\nThe argument, with end notes, is here.\nReposted.\nThe sun that warms and lights us.\nAlleluia! (Martin Luther, 1524)\nA Holy Saturday kind of faith\nFrom \"Sitting, Waiting, and Hoping in the Tomb of Jesus: How the anguished uncertainty of Holy Saturday gives shape to our faith,\" by A.J. Swoboda:\n.... Martin Luther said himself that Saturday was the day that God himself lay cold in the grave. Friday was death, Sunday was hope, but Saturday was that seemingly ignored middle day between them when God occupied a dirty grave in a little garden outside Jerusalem. Saturday is about waiting, about uncertainty, about not knowing what’ll happen. ....\nSo much of Christian faith is Saturday faith. ....\nA medieval theologian, Anselm, once described the kind of faith that comes with Saturday—fides quaerens intellectum: “faith seeking understanding.” By that, he meant that faith isn’t something that arises after moments of understanding. Rather, faith is something that you cling to when understanding and reason lay dead. We don’t believe once we understand it—we believe in order to understand it. Saturday’s like that: offering a day of waiting, a day of ambiguity, a day when God is sovereign even if our ideas and theologies and expectations about him are not. It is the day that our ignorance is our witness and our proclamation. Truth is, our intellect will always be one step behind in our love of God. We don’t love God once we understand him; we love God in order to understand him. ....\nAt times, we are all like the two disciples on their way to Emmaus who were really close to Jesus but didn’t always know it. In Luke 24, two disciples walked away from Jerusalem, where they’d just seen their Lord and Master die on the cross. Leaving, dejected, upset, hopeless, and broken, to find the next stage in their lives and careers. Unbeknownst to them, Jesus had been resurrected and was actually walking alongside them on their way to Emmaus. The hope of Sunday hadn’t dawned on them yet. The Gospels tell us that, on their way to Emmaus, the disciples were “downcast.”\nThat experience is the kind of experience Saturday is all about. .... [more]\nA. J. Swoboda is a pastor in Portland, Oregon. This is from his A Glorious Dark: Finding Hope in the Tension between Belief and Experience, excerpted in Christianity Today.\nSitting, Waiting, and Hoping in the Tomb of Jesus | Christianity Today\n\"In Thee is all my trust\"\nOh Lord in Thee is all my trust.\nGive ear unto my woeful cries.\nRefuse me not, that am unjust,\nBut bowing down Thy heav'nly eyes,\nBehold how I do still lament\nMy sins wherein I do offend.\nO Lord, for them shall I be shent,\nSith Thee to please I do intend? Haste Thee, O Lord, haste Thee, I say,\nTo pour on me Thy gifts of grace\nThat when this life must flit away\nIn Heav'n with Thee I may have place\nWhere Thou dost reign eternally\nWith God which once did down Thee send,\nWhere angels sing continually.\nTo Thee be praise, world without end.\nNo, no, not so! Thy will is bent\nTo deal with sinners in Thine ire:\nBut when in heart they shall repent\nThou grant'st with speed their just desire.\nTo Thee therefore still shall I cry,\nTo wash away my sinful crime.\nThy blood, O Lord, is not yet dry,\nBut that it may help me in time.\nThomas Tallis, \"Oh Lord In Thee Is All My Trust,\" 1565\nTallis: Oh Lord In Thee Is All My Trust - YouTube\nLabels: Grace and Salvation, Musical Performance\nHere is an excerpt from that article, \"On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ\" by William D. Edwards, Wesley J. Gabel, and Floyd E. Hosmer. The original article is substantially longer and detailed, with diagrams and ample citation. Our Lord's manner of execution was like that suffered by a great many others in the Roman world:\n…. It was customary for the condemned man to carry his own cross from the flogging post to the site of crucifixion outside the city walls. He was usually naked, unless this was prohibited by local customs. Since the weight of the entire cross was probably well over 300 lb (136 kg), only the crossbar was carried. The patibulum, weighing 75 to 125 lb. (34 to 57 kg), was placed across the nape of the victim’s neck and balanced along both shoulders. Usually, the outstretched arms then were tied to the crossbar. The processional to the site of crucifixion was led by a complete Roman military guard, headed by a centurion. One of the soldiers carried a sign (titulus) on which the condemned man’s name and crime were displayed. Later, the titulus would be attached to the top of the cross. The Roman guard would not leave the victim until they were sure of his death. Outside the city walls was permanently located the heavy upright wooden stipes, on which the patibulum would be secured. In the case of the Tau cross, this was accomplished by means of a mortise and tenon joint, with or without reinforcement by ropes. To prolong the crucifixion process, a horizontal wooden block or plank, serving as a crude seat (sedile or sedulum), often was attached midway down the stipes. Only very rarely, and probably later than the time of Christ, was an additional block (suppedaneum) employed for transfixion of the feet.\nNext, the feet were fixed to the cross, either by nails or ropes. Ossuary findings and the Shroud of Turin suggest that nailing was the preferred Roman practice. Although the feet could be fixed to the sides of the stipes or to a wooden footrest (suppedaneum), they usually were nailed directly to the front of the stipes. To accomplish this, flexion of the knees may have been quite prominent, and the bent legs may have been rotated laterally.\nWhen the nailing was completed, the titulus was attached to the cross, by nails or cords, just above the victim’s head. The soldiers and the civilian crowd often taunted and jeered the condemned man, and the soldiers customarily divided up his clothes among themselves. The length of survival generally ranged from three or four hours to three or four days and appears to have been inversely related to the severity of the scourging. However, even if the scourging had been relatively mild, the Roman soldiers could hasten death by breaking the legs below the knees (crurifragium or skelokopia). …. [the article pdf]\nIt was now about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour, while the sun’s light failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two. Then Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” And having said this he breathed his last. [Luke 23:44-46, ESV]\nDorothy L. Sayers on at least part of the meaning:\nFor whatever reason God chose to make man as he is — limited and suffering and subject to sorrows and death — he had the honesty and courage to take his own medicine. Whatever game he is playing with his creation, he has kept his own rules and played fair. He can exact nothing from man that he has not exacted from himself. He has himself gone through the whole human experience, from the trivial irritations of family life and the cramping restrictions of hard work and lack of money to the worst horrors of pain and humiliation, defeat, despair, and death. When he was a man, he played the man. He was born in poverty and died in disgrace and thought it well worthwhile. (The Man Born to be King, Dorothy L. Sayers)\nAnd suffered far, far, move than we do or ever will.\n(I have posted this material previously on Good Fridays.)\nThe Inklings: Good Friday, Between Two Worlds: On the Physical Death of Jesus\nLabels: Dorothy L. Sayers, Lent and Easter\n\"A new commandment I give to you...\"\nVarious Christian denominations place greater or lesser emphasis on what is known as the Christian Year. I grew up in one that emphasized only Christmas and Easter, and observed Lent only because the local ministers' council cooperated in a Lenten series of services. Kevin DeYoung helpfully defines Maundy Thursday for people like me:\n.... If you've never heard the term, it's not Monday-Thursday (which always confused me as a kid), but Maundy Thursday, as in Mandatum Thursday. Mandatum is the Latin word for \"command\" or \"mandate\", and the day is called Maundy Thursday because on the night before his death Jesus gave his disciples a new command. \"A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another\" (John 13:34).\nAt first it seems strange that Christ would call this a new command. After all, the Old Testament instructed God's people to love their neighbors and Christ himself summarized the law as love for God and love for others. So what's new about love? What makes the command new is that because of Jesus' passion there is a new standard, a new examplar of love.\nThere was never any love like the dying love of Jesus. It is tender and sweet (John 13:33). It serves (John 13:2-17). It loves even unto death (John 13:1). Jesus had nothing to gain from us by loving us. There was nothing in us to draw us to him. But he loved us still, while we were yet sinners. .... [more]\nDeYoung, Restless, and Reformed: Maundy Thursday\nLabels: Christian Year, Kevin DeYoung, Lent and Easter\n“Intransigent historical claims”\nFrom \"Easter is not a Question Mark\" by George Weigel at First Things\n.... The grittiness of Lent, and the “intransigent historical claims” without which Easter makes no sense at all, should remind us that Christianity does not rest on myths or “narratives,” but on radically changed human lives whose effect on their times are historical fact. Within two and a half centuries, what began as a ragtag gang of nobodies from the civilizational outback had so transformed the Mediterranean world that the most powerful man in that world, the Roman emperor Constantine, joined the winning side. How did that happen?\nIt didn’t happen because of better myth-making. It happened because those first Christians met a young rabbi who promised that, should they believe in him, each of them would become “ a spring of water welling up to eternal life” [John 4:14]. Then came what seemed complete catastrophe: his crucifixion. But they met that teacher again as the Risen Lord Jesus Christ, and were infused by his Spirit. And after that, they didn’t sit around in the “presence of the question mark; rather, they told the truth of what they had “seen and heard” [cf. 1 John 1:1].\nAnd thereby changed the world.\nMore about those \"intransigent historical claims\": \"Is There a Witness to the Resurrection? Yes!\" by William Lane Craig and Sean McDowell.\nIf the bones of Jesus were found, then Christianity would be false. Paul said, “If Christ has not been raised, your faith is worthless; you are still in your sins.” (1 Corinthians 15:17, NASB) Some religions may make untestable claims about reality, but Christianity makes claims about real events in history that can be tested. Let’s put it to the test! .... [more]\nEaster is not a Question Mark | George Weigel | First Things, \"Is There a Witness to the Resurrection? Yes!\"\n\"Almost everything of Lewis is edifying and a pleasure to read.\"\nFrom an interview with George Marsden about his new book C.S. Lewis’s “Mere Christianity”: A Biography:\nOne of the most remarkable aspects of the life of this book is that, even though it was not originally designed to be a single book, it had maintained its vitality far better than most other books of its time. Remarkably, it has sold quite a bit better in the twenty-first century than it did in Lewis’s day, when it already sold well. It has sold over three and a half million copies in English alone. So one major question I try to answer in my book is: what accounts for its unusual lasting vitality? It helps that Lewis always looked for timeless truths, as the idea of “Mere Christianity” (or the beliefs that almost all Christians have shared through the ages) illustrates. So the book is less dated than most books. Also Lewis was a brilliant communicator. He listened to how ordinary people talked and then translated his views into language they could understand. And even though he uses lots of arguments he always puts these in imaginative contexts that make them come alive. So he uses many more vivid analogies and metaphors than do most non-fiction writers. And he acts as a friendly companion and guide on a journey that he himself has taken from unbelief to belief. At the same time he does not draw attention to himself but leads the reader to see the challenging beauty of the core Christian message. .... [more]\nAn Interview with George Marsden on His New Biography of C.S. Lewis’s Mere Christianity | TGC\nLabels: Apologetics, Books, C.S. Lewis, Church History, Inklings\nWhen I can read my title clear to mansions in the skies,\nI bid farewell to every fear, and wipe my weeping eyes.\nAnd wipe my weeping eyes, and wipe my weeping eyes\nShould earth against my soul engage, and hellish darts be hurled,\nThen I can smile at Satan’s rage, and face a frowning world.\nAnd face a frowning world, and face a frowning world,\nLabels: Hymns, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Worship\nThis day in 1751 was the birthday of James Madison (1751-1836), President, political philosopher, statesman, friend of liberty, \"Father of the Constitution.\"\nWherever the real power in a Government lies, there is the danger of oppression. In our Governments, the real power lies in the majority of the Community, and the invasion of private rights is chiefly to be apprehended, not from the acts of Government contrary to the sense of its constituents, but from acts in which the Government is the mere instrument of the major number of the constituents. – Letter to Thomas Jefferson (1788)\nWe hold it for a fundamental and undeniable truth, “that Religion or the duty which we owe to our Creator and the Manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and conviction, not by force or violence.” The Religion then of every man must be left to the conviction and conscience of every man; and it is the right of every man to exercise it as these may dictate. This right is in its nature an unalienable right. It is unalienable; because the opinions of men, depending only on the evidence contemplated by their own minds, cannot follow the dictates of other men: It is unalienable also; because what is here a right towards men, is a duty towards the Creator. It is the duty of every man to render to the Creator such homage, and such only, as he believes to be acceptable to him. This duty is precedent both in order of time and degree of obligation, to the claims of Civil Society. Before any man can be considered as a member of Civil Society, he must be considered as a subject of the Governor of the Universe.... – Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments (1785)\nIf men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. – Federalist Paper No. 51 (1788)\nI live in a city named after Madison and, for twenty-two years, taught at James Madison Memorial High School.\nLabels: Political Thought, Religion and Politics, Religious Liberty\nMoral failure\nYesterday I was surprised to find the current Forbes magazine in my mailbox: the \"30th Annual Almanac of Wealth.\" I have never subscribed to the magazine, am not wealthy, nor am I unusually interested in those who are, so its appearance was something of a mystery. Perhaps it was a premium unnoticed by me when I bought something online. Nevertheless I almost immediately found something interesting in a Steve Forbes column: a book review titled \"Why They Stuck With Hitler.\" The book is The German War: A Nation Under Arms, 1939–-1945 . Forbes writes that the book \"brilliantly and with impressive nuance and texture deals with the astounding questions of how the most educated and cultured nation on earth could unloose such a murderous, barbarous and genocidal war and why most Germans—Nazis and non-Nazis alike—closed ranks around Hitler, even when it became clear the war was going to end disastrously.\" And \"This is an extremely interesting and disheartening tale of a civilized people's descent into barbarism.\" From the review, the German Church:\n.... A prominent Protestant, Bishop Wurm of Wurttemberg, faintheartedly protested the Nazi regime's policy of murdering \"deformed\" infants and the mentally ill by administering poisonous drugs or starving them to death, while Catholic Bishop Galen of Münster initially courageously and publicly condemned the practice. The death toll from this alone was well over 200,000. Yet Galen vigorously supported the invasion of the \"Jewish Bolshevik\" Soviet Union and refused any aid to Jews, even to those who had years before converted to Christianity, while Wurm privately wrote letters to the Reich in support of those converts. As this book makes clear, both the Protestant and the Catholic churches were guilty of moral failure.\nA number of German soldiers and officials were uneasy or outright horrified by what was happening, but most did nothing about it. ....\nMost German civilians were aware of the mass killing of the Jews and other atrocities through letters and photos sent to them by husbands, sons, brothers and friends, and from conversations when these men came home on leave.\nGoebbels was a master at making the home front complicit in what was happening, first by noting Hitler's January 1939 \"prophecy\" that if the Jews launched another European war they would perish, and then letting events speak for themselves—the deportation of German Jews and the auctioning off of their property, along with what people learned from news sent by their relatives fighting on the Eastern Front. ....\nLabels: Books, Religion and Politics\n\"A tangible sense of dread\"\nTonight at 7:00 (CDT) Lifetime will have a new BBC TV dramatization of Agatha Christie's most successful book — \"the best selling crime novel of all time\" — originally published here as Ten Little Indians (1939) and soon thereafter as And Then There Were None.\nI have a DVD of a 1945 film version of the story that I enjoy but this one may be even better. Both Channel Guide's list of the cast (including Aidan Turner, Toby Stephens, Charles Dance, Sam Neill, and Miranda Richardson), and a review at The Weekly Standard, \"Isle of Retribution,\" persuade me to watch. From the review:\n.... With twists and turns and double bluffs, it's a completely engrossing mystery. Ten people are invited to a party on an island. Ferried across the storm-tossed waves, they climb one by one to the mansion on the hill, establishing character by brief snippets of conversation. The bluff general. The effete dandy. The religious spinster. Fast-forward to dinner, and it becomes apparent that no one knows their host personally. Odd. But no matter, at least the food's good.\nWhen the first guest drops dead, there is a tendency to think they really should have seen this coming: After all, a tangible sense of dread permeates the island. The shadowed halls, the tempestuous sea and stormy sky, the ghosts of guilt haunting the victims—it all builds to a nerve-wracking, claustrophobic atmosphere. After the second death, the characters start to piece it together. ....\nAgatha Christie has an unfair reputation as a cozy novelist. In fact, she was very realistic about human frailty. Her stories bring violence to the center of ordinary life and show even the most respectable of people committing unspeakable crimes. Many adaptations of And Then There Were None attempt to soften its essential tragedy, offering up a happy, crowd-pleasing ending. This one, by focusing on the cost of death, on the weight of taking human life, may be more true to Dame Agatha's spirit than any campy Miss Marple flick and yet more moral than the brutal pulp fiction served up daily on our screens.\nIsle of Retribution | The Weekly Standard Isle of Retribution | The Weekly Standard\n\"The cloud clear'd away\"\nFrom a newly discovered letter from William Wilberforce to a 14 year old girl:\n.... A Traveller on an open Common in such a Storm of Hail & Rain as we had this Morning would find his spirits cheered by seeing on the distant horizon, the Cloud clear'd away and the Sky looking sunny and cheerful. So you, I doubt not, can view the Sunshine gilding Your future prospect. And yours my dear Girl is a Sun which will never go down, but will get brighter & brighter with a Warmth & brilliance, of which now you can have no conception. I dare say you know & like Cowper. He, you know, speaks of \"a Vault unsullied with a Cloud.\" Now therefore accustom yourself to think \"the Scene around me is gloomy and darksome, but a friendly and, that a divine Hand of a kind and loving Saviour, is leading me on the Way He sees best for me, & in His own good time He will bring me into the Light.\nAs I know He is Truth itself, he cannot deceive me & He has promised to be a Shepherd full of kindness as well as Care to the Lambs of His flock. He would not let me suffer pain if He were not persuaded it would be for my benefit and I will therefore receive all and submit to it all He orders for me, as that which is sure to be more than made up to me. So that if more I have to bear now, the more I shall have to rejoice hereafter. ....\nThe post at Quaerentia explains how the letter was found and explains why Wilberforce would emphasize such matters when writing to a young girl.\nQuaerentia :: A Sky Unsullied by Clouds: William Wilberforce gives hope to a 14 year old girl in pain\nLabels: Health and Wealth, William Cowper\n\"The flattery of knaves\"\nVia Power Line, a very good — and always relevant — passage from Burke:\nMen are qualified for civil liberty in exact proportion to their disposition to put moral chains upon their own appetites, — in proportion as their love of justice is above their rapacity, — in proportion as their soundness and sobriety of understanding is above their vanity and presumption, — in proportion as they are more disposed to listen to the counsels of the wise and good, in preference to the flattery of knaves. Society cannot exist, unless a controlling power upon will and appetite be placed somewhere; and the less of it there is within, the more there must be without. It is ordained in the eternal constitution of things, that men of intemperate minds cannot be free. Their passions forge their fetters. (Edmund Burke, Letter to a Member of the National Assembly, May 1791)\nAnd another quotation from the same source:\nA word from Edmund Burke | Power Line, Those who have been once intoxicated with power, and have derived any kind of emolument from it, even though but for...\nLabels: Edmund Burke, Political Thought, Religion and Politics\nAbraham Lincoln was inaugurated on March 4th, 1861:\n.... In your hand, my fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect, and defend it… We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.\nLabels: Lincoln\n\"Not things of the same kind\"\nIn the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made. John 1:1-3 “And [we believe] in one Lord Jesus Christ,\nthe only-begotten Son of God, begotten of His Father before all worlds, God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father….” Nicene Creed\nONE OF THE CREEDS says that Christ is the Son of God \"begotten, not created\"; and it adds \"begotten by his Father before all worlds.\" Will you please get it quite clear that this has nothing to do with the fact that when Christ was born on earth as a man, that man was the son of a virgin? We are not now thinking about the Virgin Birth. We are thinking about something that happened before nature was created at all, before time began. \"Before all worlds\" Christ is begotten, not created. What does it mean?\nWe don't use the words begetting or begotten much in modern English, but everyone still knows what they mean. To beget is to become the father of: to create is to make. And the difference is this. When you beget, you beget something of the same kind as yourself. A man begets human babies, a beaver begets little beavers, and a bird begets eggs which turn into little birds. But when you make, you make something of a different kind from yourself. A bird makes a nest, a beaver builds a dam, a man makes a wireless set—or he may make something more like himself than a wireless set: say, a statue. If he is a clever enough carver, he may make a statue which is very like a man indeed. But, of course, it is not a real man; it only looks like one. It cannot breathe or think. It is not alive.\nNow that is the first thing to get clear. What God begets is God; just as what man begets is man. What God creates is not God; just as what man makes is not man. That is why men are not Sons of God in the sense that Christ is... They may be like God in certain ways, but they are not things of the same kind. ....\nC.S. Lewis, Mere Christianity\nLabels: Belief, C.S. Lewis, Inklings, Theology\n“Push back against the age as hard as it pushes against you. What people don’t realize is how much religion costs. They think faith is a big electric blanket, when of course it is the cross.”\nFlannery O’Connor, The Habit of Being: The Letters of Flannery O’Connor\nQuotes by Flannery O’Connor | Quotes\nE.C. Bentley\nOnce upon a time I collected early editions of detective novels that historians of the genre considered important. I bought E.C. Bentley's Trent's Last Case (1913) from a British bookseller sometime in the '70s. Bentley was perhaps G.K. Chesterton's closest friend and succeeded GKC as President of the Detection Club even though this was the only detective novel he had written. Bentley later wrote a prequel and a number of short stories featuring Trent. Today the Facebook G.K. Chesterton site linked to \"Trent’s Last Case by E. C. Bentley: First Among Mysteries?\" from which:\nMy copy\n.... But that one mystery, that single contribution to the genre of detective fiction, was hailed by Chesterton, Christie, and Sayers as, perhaps, the single best mystery story ever written. High praise indeed. Though Bentley’s first mystery, it featured the last mystery of his detective. And though President Bentley swore that he would defend the principle of detectives detecting crimes using the wits bestowed upon them by their creators, his own Trent’s Last Case could be seen as breaking that rule. For throughout the twists and turns of its scintillating plot, the impotence, instead of the omnipotence, of human reason is revealed. ....\nTrent’s Last Case is not a mystery story that exposes the mystery maker as much as it exposes the mystery story itself. The book is a romping and riveting and rhetorical parody leading to the Golden Age of detective literature. Trent is not the keen amateur who sidesteps and blindsides the dunderheaded professionals. He pursues criminals not out of a brooding sense of justice, but because he finds it an engaging lark. Trent is a man that has a brain in his head, but he also has a heart as big as his head. By turning the world of detective fiction upside down with Trent’s Last Case, E.C. Bentley was one of the first mystery authors to place an innovative importance on duping readers through a series of false conclusions and multiple solutions, rather than bedazzling them with gymnastics of reason that hit the truth with unerring precision. [more]\nBentley may have been been just as well known for the Clerihew:\nA clerihew is a whimsical, four-line biographical poem invented by Edmund Clerihew Bentley. The first line is the name of the poem's subject, usually a famous person put in an absurd light.\nThe art of Biography\nIs different from Geography.\nGeography is about maps,\nBut Biography is about chaps.\nSir Humphrey Davy\nAbominated gravy.\nHe lived in the odium\nOf having discovered sodium. more\nTrent’s Last Case by E. C. Bentley: First Among Mysteries? - Crisis Magazine, Edmund Clerihew Bentley Poems - Famous poet at allpoetry\nLabels: Books, Dorothy L. Sayers, Fiction, G.K. Chesterton, Mysteries and Thrillers\nStepping through a door\nFrom First Things: \"When Toward Evening, Light....\" by Gary Whitby:\nWhat is death but stepping through a door,\nthen onto summer lawns, with fathers waiting\nor mothers chiding, “Why were you so late?”\n—the clouds around their feet a billowed flooring\nof golden cumulus reflecting more\nof them than moon could manage, fallen sensate\ninto star-thronged eyes by a garden gate\nwhen they were young.\nAnd now that greeny roar\nis gone. Now this: the tree, the swing, your dad\nfull-bellied still, your mother’s soaring smile\na wing; your brother racing from the house\nand shouting “It’s my turn,” no longer sad\nabout his death.\nAnd for a little while,\nor ever, love is all that time allows.\nPerhaps, ...or something better.\nWhen Toward Evening, Light.... by Gary Whitby | Articles | First Things\nOn St. David's Day\nEvery American knows that St Patrick's Day comes in March. Far fewer are aware of St David's Day (March 1), the national day of Wales. Both my father and mother had ancestors who were Welsh and — although I've only been to Wales twice — that ancestry has provided me with a certain unearned pride that grows the more I learn about the land. Today, on his blog, Sean Curnyn posts about the new release of a 1957 recording \"Music from the Welsh Mines\" by the Rhos Male Voice Choir. That site has links to various places where the music can be purchased. I've just ordered a copy but, since it will come from the UK, I won't have it by this weekend. Part of Curnyn's persuasive description:\n.... Below is embedded a YouTube clip that has some samples from the old recording, but its availability should not deter anyone from buying the new release which is substantially cleaned-up and enhanced in terms of sound quality. ....\nThe clip...below features this Rhos Male Voice Choir singing the very poignant Welsh national anthem, “Mae Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau” (“Land of my Fathers”) followed by two liturgical hymns, “Ave Verum” and “Laudamus.” The fourth and final tune in the clip is “Myfanwy,” an old Welsh ballad of lost love, which, whenever I hear a fine rendition—as this one most certainly is—I am quite willing to declare is simply the most devastating song ever composed, in any language, by any human, anywhere. ....\nEvery track on the album is astounding in its way, including another Welsh love lament titled “Ar Doriad Dydd” (“On the break of day”), the exceedingly haunting rendition of the Welsh hymn “Tydi a Roddaist” (“O Lord, who gave the dawn its glow”), and about as affecting a musical performance of the 23rd Psalm (in English) as one need ever hear during one’s life on this old earth. ....\nI will fly the Red Dragon on March 1st and I will probably watch A Run for Your Money (1949) , one of my favorite movies involving the Welsh: a comedy, with Welsh singing and harp playing, and a very young Alec Guiness. Part of Wikipedia's plot summary:\nTwo Welsh coal miners from Hafoduwchbenceubwllymarchogcoch, David 'Dai Number 9' Jones (Donald Houston) and Thomas 'Twm' Jones (Meredith Edwards), win a contest run by the Echo newspaper.... The prize is 100 pounds each, plus the best seats for an important rugby union match between Wales and England at Twickenham. For the naive Welshmen, this is their first trip to England.\nThey are supposed to be met at Paddington station by Whimple (Alec Guinness), a gardening columnist on the paper, but they miss each other. ....\nAnd I may watch Zulu , too, if only to hear them sing \"Men of Harlech.\"\nRoyal Regiment of Wales' Band singing \"Men of Harlech\"\nMusic from the Welsh Mines – Rhos Male Voice Choir | The Cinch Review\n\"Almost everything of Lewis is edifying and a plea...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line459248"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8162410259246826,"wiki_prob":0.8162410259246826,"text":"Vision of Ave Maria University Endures the Recession\nPosted on May 7, 2009 September 16, 2020 by Marton Varo\nMarton Varo chips away at a bas relief sculpture of The Annunciation at the Ave Maria University campus.\nBy MITCH STACY The Associated Press\nIMMOKALEE – Near the magnificent new church on the Ave Maria University campus, sculptor Marton Varo chips away at 80 tons of the best white marble money can buy, direct from the same Italian quarry where Michelangelo used to get his.\nThe $3 million, 35-foot-tall bas-relief sculpture depicts The Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel tells the Virgin Mary she will bear the son of God. The work will someday adorn the facade of the 10-story Ave Maria Oratory, around which a modern campus and college town have materialized in quick time on the edge of the Florida Everglades.\nThe recession has a stranglehold on much of southwest Florida, but billionaire Thomas Monaghan’s vision for the 1,100-seat church and the Roman Catholic school he created continues to take shape, even if construction is not progressing as quickly as he had hoped.\nThe 72-year-old founder of the Domino’s Pizza chain had hoped to have a gym built for the basketball team by now. He and the town’s developer also expected to see more than the 300 or so houses and condos that have gone up, and more restaurants and stores open in the town center surrounding the towering church.\nAnd plans to erect one of the largest freestanding crucifixes in the world — 65 feet tall, with a 40-foot body of Christ — on the church grounds had to be put on hold.\n“Our timing has been terrible,” Monaghan said during an interview in his office in the university library, a copper-roofed structure in the classic Frank Lloyd Wright style he favors. “But we’re pretty well-heeled, so we’re able to absorb it, and we just cut back.”\nConsidering these were far-flung fields of tomatoes and sod just three years ago, there has been great progress. Monaghan, who holds the title of university chancellor, figures he has put more than $400 million of his pizza fortune into developing what he likes to call a “spiritual military academy” amid a new town steeped in conservative Catholic teaching and symbolism.\nMonaghan made headlines before the first shovel of dirt was turned, saying that stores in Ave Maria would be prohibited from selling contraceptives and pornography, and the cable TV system would not carry adult movies. He backed off after civil rights advocates raised a stink, but says he hopes those things will remain unavailable here.\nA large classroom building, library, three residence halls and student union with dining hall accommodate 697 students this year, up from 367 when the doors opened in fall 2007. School officials say enrollment could top 900 this fall.\nAnother large dorm is under construction on the 11/2-square-mile campus, and in the next few years the gym and another student union/classroom building will go up. An arts center, administration building and auditorium are all on the drawing board. An affiliated law school scheduled to open in Naples this fall eventually will relocate to the campus.\nThe effects of the sagging economy are evident, though, in the vacant lots and unfinished streets around the campus, where about 1,000 residents have moved into houses whose starting prices have dipped to the low $100,000s. And plenty of storefronts are empty in the quiet, Italian-inspired town center.\nBut a trendy coffee house called The Bean is open. So is a smoothie bar, jewelry store, bike shop, florist, medical clinic and dentist’s office.\nAnd a sure sign of civilization in Florida — a Publix grocery store — is under construction a block away on Pope John Paul II Boulevard.\nThe church, which grew out of a design Monaghan sketched out on a restaurant tablecloth during dinner with friends, has become a minor tourist attraction, competing with the glitzy Seminole Indian casino 15 minutes away in Immokalee.\nMonaghan and developer Barron Collier Cos., which donated the land for the campus to persuade him to build here, still believe Ave Maria will grow in the next two decades to fulfill initial expectations: 5,500 students living in a bustling town of 25,000 residents.\n“I don’t have any concerns at all about where we are,” says Blake Gable, the project manager for Barron Collier. “Everything that we did here was taking a look at this community where it sits 50 years from now, not today.”\nAfter Monaghan made his fortune as a pioneer in the pizza delivery business, he shed Domino’s to dedicate his life to Catholic philanthropy. In 1998, he founded tiny Ave Maria College in Ypsilanti, Mich. When local planners rejected his proposal for a campus on his Domino’s Farms property in Ann Arbor, he looked to Florida.\nHe zeroed in on the Naples area because it was, before the economy collapsed, the fastest-growing region and Florida was one of the fastest-growing states in the South, where there were few existing Catholic colleges.\n“I thought it would be the easiest place in the country to attract students from all over the country,” says Monaghan, who lives part time in a campus dorm. “And that seems to have worked out. We started out last year with students from all 50 states, as small as we were.”\nMonaghan proudly notes that a dozen men from last year’s group moved on to study at seminaries.\nStudents talk up the fairly easy access to the Naples and Fort Myers metro areas, and extracurricular offerings from rugby clubs to outreach in the migrant worker community of Immokalee. One campus group organizes sidewalk demonstrations at an abortion clinic.\nAve Maria Foundation for the Arts Announced\nSculpture to Adorn University","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line464261"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9662134051322937,"wiki_prob":0.9662134051322937,"text":"Feeling unwelcome, Amazon ditches plans for New York hub\nAmazon.com Inc abruptly scrapped plans to build a major outpost in New York that could have created 25,000 jobs, blaming opposition from local leaders upset by the nearly $3 billion in incentives promised by state and city politicians.\nAmazon said it would not conduct a new headquarters search and would focus on growing at other existing and planned offices - Reuters\nThe company said on Thursday it did not see consistently “positive, collaborative” relationships with state and local officials. Opponents of the project feared congestion and higher rents in the Long Island City neighborhood of Queens, and objected to handing billions in incentives to a company run by Jeff Bezos, the world’s richest man.\nState Senator Michael Gianaris, who represents Queens and was a vocal critic of the deal, told a news conference on Thursday that the Amazon subsidies were unnecessary.\n“This was a shakedown, pure and simple,” he said.\nAmazon’s sudden pullout from New York City prompted finger pointing by Mayor Bill de Blasio and New York state Governor Andrew Cuomo, the politicians who crafted the deal. Cuomo angrily blamed the loss on local politicians while de Blasio blamed Amazon.\nCuomo said in a statement that a small group of politicians had “put their own narrow political interests” above those of New Yorkers.\nThe year-long search for its so-called HQ2 culminated in Amazon picking Northern Virginia and New York after hundreds of municipalities, from Newark, N.J. to Indianapolis competed for the coveted tax-dollars and high-wage jobs the project promised.\nAmazon said it would not conduct a new headquarters search and would focus on growing at other existing and planned offices. The company already has more than 5,000 employees in New York City and plans to continue to hire there, Amazon said on Thursday.\nA Siena College Poll conducted earlier this month found 56 percent of registered voters in New York supported the Amazon deal, while 36 percent opposed it.\nCITY SHAKEDOWN?\nSome New Yorkers mounted protests after the deal was announced, angered by the $2.8 billion in incentives promised to Amazon and fearing further gentrification in a neighborhood once favored by artists looking for cheap studio space.\nU.S. Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a critic of the project and a self-described democratic socialist whose district spans parts of Queens and the Bronx, cheered the reversal by the world’s third most valuable public company.\n“Anything is possible: today was the day a group of dedicated, everyday New Yorkers & their neighbors defeated Amazon’s corporate greed, its worker exploitation, and the power of the richest man in the world,” she wrote on Twitter.\nPeople briefed on the decision said Amazon had made the decision early on Thursday amid rising concerns about the small vocal minority. The people said Amazon will not shift any of the planned jobs to Tennessee where an operations hub is planned or Virginia, but plans to grow its existing network of locations.\nAmazon had not acquired land for the project, making it easy to scrap its plans, a person briefed on the matter told Reuters on Friday.\nLOST OPPORTUNITY?\nIn a statement, de Blasio blamed Amazon for failing to address local criticism.\n“We gave Amazon the opportunity to be a good neighbor and do business in the greatest city in the world,” he said. “Instead of working with the community, Amazon threw away that opportunity.”\nSome long-time residents in Long Island City, which sits across the East River from midtown Manhattan’s skyscrapers, feared being forced out by rising rents and untenable pressure on already overburdened subway and sewage systems. High-rise towers have sprouted across the neighborhood in recent years.\n“This is a stunning development, with Amazon essentially giving in to vocal critics,” said Mark Hamrick, a senior economic analyst at Bankrate.com. The about-turn could spook other companies thinking about expanding in New York, he added.\nAlphabet Inc’s Google has avoided competitions between cities for offices, and its growing presence in lower Manhattan has met with little serious blowback.\nGoogle said in December it plans to invest more than $1 billion on a new campus in New York to double its current headcount of more than 7,000 people.\n“I think the (Amazon) PR event turned out to be a mistake,” said Jason Benowitz, senior portfolio manager at the Roosevelt Investment Group, who owns Amazon shares.\nShares of Amazon fell 1 percent.\n‘REALLY GOOD POKER PLAYERS’\nHours before the announcement, Amazon officials in New York betrayed no knowledge of the deal’s cancellation when they met with local community members on Thursday morning, said Kenny Greenberg, a neon artist and member of Long Island City’s community board.\n“Either they are really good poker players or they were not aware,” Greenberg said of the Amazon representatives. “There was no hint of this at all.”\nThe meeting with Amazon officials had been held to answer concerns from the community about labor conditions for Amazon’s warehouse and delivery workers and the company’s opposition to labor unions.\nU.S. Representative Carolyn Maloney, a Democrat whose district includes the proposed site, lamented the loss of jobs and new revenues.\n“This is not the Valentine that NY needed,” she wrote, adding that she had been ready to push for changes to the deal to address local concerns.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1696585"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.687216579914093,"wiki_prob":0.312783420085907,"text":"Comments (36 comments)\nNational graduation rates released\nby John Martin, CNN\n(CNN) - The U.S. Department of Education (USDOE) released a report of state high school graduation rates, which for the first time includes apples-to-apples comparisons among most states. Each state used to determine its own graduation rate; now states are moving toward a common method of measurement.\nAs Schools of Thought reported earlier, graduation rates for some states have dropped not because students are failing more often, but because the math has changed. The USDOE points this out in a press release on its website: \"While 26 states reported lower graduation rates and 24 states reported unchanged or increased rates under the new metric, these changes should not be viewed as measures of progress but rather as a more accurate snapshot.\" The new data is based on a \"four year cohort graduation rate,\" which also accounts for students who drop out or do not earn a regular high school diploma.\nRead \"The new graduation rates\" for an explanation of these metrics.\nIn the video, Brooke Baldwin examines the states with the highest and lowest gradation rates. Across the United States, the range of state graduation rates is between Nevada's 62% and Iowa's 88%. The District of Columbia's rate is lower than that of any state, at 59%. Some states, including Kentucky and Idaho, are not using the new method and were not included in the data released by USDOE.\nLooking at the data itself another picture emerges – a gap between whites and blacks still exists, but an even wider gap persists between general graduation rates and the graduation rates of children with disabilities and limited English proficiency students. For these subgroups, graduation rates in many states are below 50%, and sometimes even below 30%.\nPosted by John Martin - CNN\nFiled under: Graduation • High school • Policy • video\nMy View: The lesson in Newark\nby Sydney Morris and Evan Stone, Special to CNN\nSydney Morris\nEditor’s note: Sydney Morris and Evan Stone are co-founders and co-CEOs of Educators 4 Excellence (E4E), a teacher-led organization that seeks to ensure that teachers’ voices are meaningfully included in the policy decisions that affect their classrooms and careers.\nSchool and union leaders in the nation’s largest school districts who are waging epic battles over teacher evaluation, compensation and the future of the teaching profession could learn a lesson from their colleagues in Newark, New Jersey. That’s where the city’s 3,300 teachers recently ratified a groundbreaking new contract that provides them unprecedented support and compensation.\nThe issues on the table in this negotiation were similar to those being debated in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and elsewhere: How should teachers be evaluated? Who should evaluate them? How should the district use the evaluations to hire and promote educators and dismiss those who underperform? How should teachers be paid and how much?\nBut instead of the paralysis that has marked those other negotiations, Newark leaders were able to rationally discuss these points without the bluster and polarization we’ve seen elsewhere. They found a way to blend their demands in a way that will truly elevate the teaching profession. The two sides agreed to:\n• A comprehensive evaluation system based on multiple measures including student growth, observations and peer reviews. Teachers will receive one of four rankings from highly effective to ineffective. Superintendent Cami Anderson was vocal about the need for more effective evaluation, while NTU President Joe Del Grosso won peer reviews as a way to give the voices of teachers more weight in their colleagues’ ratings.\nFiled under: Issues • Teachers • Voices","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line952569"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7166534066200256,"wiki_prob":0.28334659337997437,"text":"I was naked, and you gave me clothing. I was sick, and you cared for me. I was in prison, and you visited me.’…“And the King will say, ‘I tell you the truth, when you did it to one of the least of these my brothers and sisters, you were doing it to me!’” Matthew 25:36, 40\nThe United States has the largest prison population in the world and also the highest incarceration rate. The American criminal justice system holds almost 2.3 million people across the federal, state and local levels. Over 540,000 of these prisoners have not yet been convicted or sentenced. While the United States accounts for about 4 percent of the world’s population, it has more than a third of the estimated number of people serving life sentences.\nMany of the CityServe HUBs have strategic partnerships with national recognized prison ministries and chaplain training programs. Churches are also engaging families who have an incarcerated loved one. Contact your HUB to discover how you and your congregation can minister to the prisons near you.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line404849"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9605293273925781,"wiki_prob":0.9605293273925781,"text":"North Korea fires presumed short-range missiles into the sea\nPublish- March 02, 2020, 03:31 PM\nAP/UNB - AP/UNB\nUpdate- March 02, 2020, 03:35 PM\nIn this file photo provided on Feb. 29, 2020 by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, inspects the military drill of units of the Korean People's Army, with soldiers shown wearing face masks.Photo:Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP\nNorth Korea fired two presumed short-range ballistic missiles into its eastern sea on Monday, South Korean officials said, resuming weapons demonstrations after a months-long hiatus that may have been forced by the coronavirus crisis in Asia.\nThe launches came two days after North Korea's state media said leader Kim Jong Un supervised an artillery drill aimed at testing the combat readiness of units in front-line and eastern areas.\nSouth Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff said the projectiles were fired from an area near the coastal town of Wonsan and flew about 240 kilometers (149 miles) northeast on an apogee of about 35 kilometers (22 miles). It said the South Korean and U.S. militaries were jointly analyzing the launches. JCS officials later told reporters that the weapons were presumed to be short-range ballistic missiles.\nNorth Korea likely tested one of its new road-mobile, solid-fuel missile systems or a developmental \"super large\" multiple rocket launcher it repeatedly demonstrated last year, said Kim Dong-yub, an analyst from Seoul's Institute for Far Eastern Studies. Experts say such weapons can potentially overwhelm missile defense systems and expand the North's ability to strike targets in South Korea and Japan, including U.S. bases there.\nKim Jong Un had entered the new year vowing to bolster his nuclear deterrent in the face of \"gangster-like\" U.S. sanctions and pressure, using a key ruling party meeting in late December to warn of \"shocking\" action over stalled nuclear negotiations with the Trump administration.\nHe also said North Korea would soon reveal a new \"strategic weapon\" and insisted the country was no longer \"unilaterally bound\" to a self-imposed suspension on the testing of nuclear and intercontinental ballistic missiles. But Kim did not explicitly lift the moratorium or give any clear indication that such tests were impending and seemed to leave the door open for eventual negotiations.\nSouth Korea's presidential office said National Security Director Chung Eui-yong discussed the launches with the South's defense minister and spy chief, and that the officials expressed \"strong concern\" over the North's resumption of testing activity, which could raise military tensions.\nJapan said that it had not detected any projectile landing in its territory or its exclusive economic zone, and that no sea vessels or aircraft had been damaged.\n\"The repeated firings of ballistic missiles by North Korea is a serious problem for the international community including Japan, and the government will continue to gather and analyze information, and monitor the situation to protect the lives and property of the people,\" the Defense Ministry's statement said.\nThe recent lull in North Korea's launches had experts wondering whether the North was holding back its weapons displays while it was fighting the coronavirus, which state media has described as a matter of \"national existence.\" Some analysts speculated that the North cut back training and other activities involving large gatherings of soldiers to reduce the possibility of the virus spreading within its military.\nKim's latest show of force is apparently aimed at boosting military morale, strengthening internal unity and showing that his country is doing fine despite outside worries of how the North would contend with an outbreak.\nNorth Korea in previous years has intensified testing activity in response to springtime military exercises between South Korea and the United States that it has described as invasion rehearsals. But the allies announced last week that they were postponing their annual drills due to concern about the coronavirus outbreak in South Korea, with soldiers from both countries being infected.\nThe launches were the latest setback for dovish South Korean President Moon Jae-in, who despite the North's indifference has repeatedly pleaded for reviving inter-Korean engagement. In a speech on Sunday marking the 101st anniversary of a major uprising against Japanese colonial rule, Moon called for cooperation between the two Koreas to fight infectious diseases amid the COVID-19 outbreak in Asia.\nAmid the deadlock in larger nuclear negotiations with the Trump administration, Kim has suspended virtually all cooperation with South Korea in the past months while demanding that Seoul defy U.S.-led international sanctions and restart inter-Korean economic projects that would jolt the North's broken economy.\nNorth Korea has yet to confirm any COVID-19 cases, although state media have hinted that an uncertain number of people have been quarantined after exhibiting symptoms. North Korea has shut down nearly all cross-border traffic, banned tourists, intensified screening at entry points and mobilized tens of thousands of health workers to monitor residents and isolate those with symptoms. South Korea last month withdrew dozens of officials from an inter-Korean liaison office in Kaesong after North Korea insisted on closing it until the epidemic is controlled.\nKim and President Donald Trump have met three times since embarking on their high-stakes nuclear diplomacy in 2018, but negotiations have faltered since their second summit in February last year in Vietnam, where the Americans rejected North Korean demands for major sanctions relief in exchange for a partial surrender of its nuclear capability.\nFollowing the collapse in Hanoi, the North ended a 17-month pause in ballistic activity and conducted at least 13 rounds of weapons launches last year, using the standstill in talks to expand its military capabilities.\nThose weapons included road-mobile, solid-fuel missiles designed to beat missile defense systems and a developmental midrange missile that could eventually be launched from submarines, potentially strengthening the North's ability to strike targets in South Korea and Japan, including U.S. bases there.\nIn December, the North said it conducted two \"crucial\" tests at a long-range rocket facility that would strengthen its nuclear deterrent, prompting speculation that it's developing a new ICBM or preparing a satellite launch that would further advanced its long-range missile technology.\nshort-range missile\nSouth Korea's presidential office\nNorth Korean leader Kim Jong Un\nSouth Korea trashes concerns over Kim Jong Un's health\nState media: Kim has plans to stabilize N. Korean economy\nSouth Korea: Kim did not have surgery amid lingering rumors\nKim Jong Un appears in public amid health rumors\nNorth Korea fires missiles into sea, criticized by South\nN Korea says Trump's letter offers anti-virus cooperation","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1299613"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8798115253448486,"wiki_prob":0.8798115253448486,"text":"Leeds Bradford Airport director Hallwood quits\nOne of the top bosses at Leeds Bradford Airport has unexpectedly quit after nine years in charge.\nUpdated Wednesday, 21st June 2017, 3:19 pm\nTony Hallwood\nTony Hallwood confirmed this afternoon that he will be stepping down from his role as Aviation Development Director at the end of the month.\nHe said: “I will be moving back to my family in Manchester and I am looking forward to taking an active role in my wife’s growing business – Marketing Profile\n“I am immensely proud of my achievements at LBA in driving record passenger growth from 2.6 to 3.6m and delivering a string of major route development successes for the Leeds City Region and Yorkshire.\n“Securing new based capacity from Ryanair and Monarch, the reintroduction of BA and Aer Lingus alongside Jet2.com’s and Flybe’s growth has helped ensure the continued success of LBA.\n“During my time at the airport I have also enjoyed developing and strengthening relationships through my PR role across the media and regional stakeholders.\n“I would like to thank you personally for your support during my time at LBA and I look forward to keeping in touch with you. My personal contact details are given below.\n“In the meantime, I look forward to seeing the ongoing success of LBA under David Laws’ leadership and I wish the airport team ‘all the best’ for the future.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line369739"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6268534064292908,"wiki_prob":0.6268534064292908,"text":"Teenagers invited to design tomorrow's airliners\nSchool pupils are being urged to use their creativity to design innovative and environmentally-friendly passenger aircraft for the year 2050.\nThe School of Engineering Sciences at the University of Southampton is joining forces with major aviation companies and organizations to stage a web-based competition this spring with prizes for the best designs. It is called Future Flight - Greener by Design.\nThe contest will be launched on Friday 8 April at Fly! The London Air Show where visitors will be able to pilot futuristic airliners for themselves on a flight simulator at the Horizon Simulation stand (Hanger 28A). Finalists will be invited to a 'fly-off' to decide the winners after the closing date of 30 June. They will present their designs to aviation experts and fly them in the new flight simulator at the INTECH Science Centre near Winchester.\nParents and teachers are invited to take part alongside the 11-16 year olds and compete for prizes too.\nDr Kenji Takeda from the University of Southampton commented: \"The future of 21st century air travel lies in airliners that are clean, quiet and efficient. Our aim is to inspire youngsters, engaging them in the exciting science, engineering and technology that is helping to build a sustainable future for us all.\"\nLord Sainsbury, Science and Innovation Minister added: \"Future Flight - Greener by Design is an exciting opportunity for today's young people, the future leaders of science, to let their imaginations and creative flair flow in a hands-on and interactive way.\n\"By actively encouraging young people to explore emerging technologies like e-science and web technology, the Government is committed to developing the next generation of science leaders and ensuring the UK remains at the forefront of science and technology in the future. I am looking forward to seeing the results of this year's competition.\"\nFuture Flight - Greener by Design is funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and organized by the University of Southampton's School of Engineering Sciences.\nMore information about the contest, including current and future air transport and the environmental issues, careers advice and free posters, and wallpapers to download is available on www.futureflight.org The web portal is built using next-generation web technology being developed at the University of Southampton under the DTI e-Science programme.\nSupporting organizations include: Airbus, BAE SYSTEMS, INTECH, Microsoft, AMD, BAA, the Engineering and Technology Board, the Greener by Design Consortium, the Royal Aeronautical Society, Society of British Aerospace Companies, Horizon Simulation and AVSIM.COM.\nFuture Flight - Greener by Design will also be present at the Royal Aeronautical Society's Aerospace 2005 industry conference on 12th -14th April.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line372781"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9614374041557312,"wiki_prob":0.9614374041557312,"text":"Chris Hemsworth Expertly Trolls Brother Liam In Hilarious Instagram Post News\nTerrorism charge, Detroit area schools closed News\nCops Seek New Attempted Murder Charges Against Chad And Lori Vallow Daybell News\nSen. Tom Cotton: Biden is in denial about what his policies have done to America News\nGlobal Rivalries Are Miring the Clean Energy Revolution News\nManslaughter trial of L.A. County sheriff’s deputy in jurors’ hands News\nMan arrested after chase on I-5 ends in Lakewood standoff News\nThanksgiving holiday travel weather forecast is improving News\nCarrie Meek, pioneering Black former congresswoman, has died : NPR\nPosted on November 29, 2021 By Edgar Hyek No Comments on Carrie Meek, pioneering Black former congresswoman, has died : NPR\nInformation about Carrie Meek, pioneering Black former congresswoman, has died : NPR\nBreaking Story – Carrie Meek, pioneering Black former congresswoman, has died : NPR\nRep. Carrie Meek, D-Fla., pictured here speaking during services at Mt. Tabor Missionary Baptist Church in Miami, in 2002.\nWilfredo Lee/AP\nFORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. — Carrie Meek, the grandchild of a slave and a sharecropper’s daughter who became one of the first Black Floridians elected to Congress since Reconstruction, died Sunday. She was 95.\nMeek died at her home in Miami after a long illness, family spokesperson Adam Sharon said in a statement. The family did not specify a cause of death.\nMeek started her congressional career at an age when many people begin retirement. She was 66 when she easily won the 1992 Democratic congressional primary in her Miami-Dade County district. No Republican opposed her in the general election.\nAlcee Hastings and Corrine Brown joined Meek in January 1993 as the first Black Floridians to serve in Congress since 1876 as the state’s districts had been redrawn by the federal courts in accordance with the 1965 Voting Rights Act.\nOn her first day in Congress, Meek reflected that while her grandmother, a slave on a Georgia farm, could never have dreamed of such an accomplishment, her parents told her that anything was possible.\n“They always said the day would come when we would be recognized for our character,” she told The Associated Press in an interview that day.\nIn Congress, Meek championed affirmative action, economic opportunities for the poor and efforts to bolster democracy in and ease immigration restrictions on Haiti, the birthplace of many of her constituents.\nShe also was known for her liberal opinions, folksy yet powerful oratory and colorful Republican bashing.\n“The last Republican that did something for me was Abraham Lincoln,” she told the state delegation to the 1996 Democratic Convention in Chicago.\nMeek joined her son Kendrick, a former state trooper and state senator, in a 2000 sit-in at then-Florida Gov. Jeb Bush’s office to protest an end to affirmative action policies. She had long argued in favor of such policies, since earning her master’s degree from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in 1948. At the time, Blacks were not admitted to graduate schools in Florida.\nMeek decided not to seek a sixth term in 2002. Her son Kendrick succeeded in winning her heavily Democratic district, a seat he held for four terms before an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. Senate in 2010.\nAfter leaving Congress, Carrie Meek returned to Miami and created a foundation to work on education and housing issues. She was also criticized for some of her business dealings.\nShe lobbied for a biotech park that was planned for Miami’s impoverished Liberty City neighborhood but never materialized. County authorities eventually started a criminal investigation, and the park’s developer was arrested in October 2009 on charges that he stole nearly $1 million from the project.\nCongressional records showed that Meek was paid while her son sought millions of federal dollars for the project. Meek said she was paid as a consultant, and both mother and son denied their efforts were linked.\nBefore entering politics, Meek worked as a teacher and administrator at Miami-Dade College.\nShe was elected to the Florida House in 1978, succeeding pioneer Black legislator Gwen Cherry, who had been killed in an auto accident. She became one of the first African Americans and the first Black woman to serve in the Florida Senate since the 1800s.\nCarrie Pittman was born to Willie and Carrie Pittman in Tallahassee on April 29, 1926, and was the youngest of 12 children. Her father worked in nearby fields as a sharecropper and her mother took in laundry from white families.\nShe graduated from Florida A&M University in 1946 with a degree in biology and physical education. The university named its building for Black history archives in her honor in 2007. She was a member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority.\nShe accepted a position at Bethune Cookman College as an instructor and became the institution’s first female basketball coach. In 1958, she returned to Florida A&M as an instructor in health and physical education. She held that position until 1961.\nMeek continued her teaching career at Miami Dade Community College as the first Black professor, associate dean, and assistant to the Vice President from 1961 to 1979.\nThen, she began her trailblazing political career, representing Florida’s 17th Congressional District as a Democratic Florida State House Representative.\nIn Congress, Meek was a member of the powerful Appropriations Committee and worked to secure $100 million in aid to rebuild Dade County as the area recovered from Hurricane Andrew.\nShe retired in 2002 and shifted her focus to the Carrie Meek Foundation, which she founded in November 2001, to provide the Miami-Dade community with much-needed resources, opportunities, and jobs. Meek spearheaded the Foundation’s daily operations until 2015 when she stepped down due to declining health.\nMeek is survived by her children Lucia Davis-Raiford, Sheila Davis Kinui and Kendrick B. Meek, seven grandchildren, five great-grandchildren and multiple nieces and nephews.\nFuneral arrangements are pending.\nThe Latest News on Carrie Meek, pioneering Black former congresswoman, has died : NPR\nPrevious Post: Redshirt freshman quarterback Jack Miller announces transfer from Ohio State football\nNext Post: Beverly Hills police investigate antisemitic fliers at homes\nOpinion | Democrats Don’t Understand Asian American Voters News\nGunfire at Atlanta Airport Was ‘Accidental Discharge,’ Officials Say News\nWhat Did the US-China Summit Achieve? News\nBiden is the ‘common denominator’ in mounting crises: Rep. Biggs News\nJussie Smollett gets testy under cross-examination about messages with alleged attacker News\nMacao detains Suncity boss after over illegal gambling News\nCNN Fires Chris Cuomo Over Role in Andrew Cuomo’s Scandal News\nGrab your camera and help science! King tides are crashing onto California beaches : NPR News\nLee Elder, Who Broke a Golf Color Barrier, Dies at 87 News\nJussie Smollett trial: Key moments since he reported Chicago attack News\nThe Human Cost Of Being Denied An Abortion News\nQueen Elizabeth only picks up the phone for these two people, royal expert says News\nLeBron James posts cryptic tweet while sidelined due to league’s COVID protocols News","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1634372"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7098400592803955,"wiki_prob":0.2901599407196045,"text":"Using Today's Technology to Secure a Campus\nDirector of Safety and Security, Wylie ISD\nFormer Commander Over Homeland Security, Crime Prevention and Training, Southern Methodist University\nBrian Kelly has taken command of security at Wylie ISD, but also has wide ranging experiences while serving at SMU. He will address issues at the K-12 level, and how he solved numerous scenarios while at the university level, including preparing Ford Stadium for security, and how to protect crowds whether it be at a graduation ceremony, or a basketball game. You will learn from his experiences what will work, and how best to implement security and safety on your campus.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line819731"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7459203004837036,"wiki_prob":0.2540796995162964,"text":"Mechanistic Toxicology\nThe editors and readers of the journal Molecular Carcinogenesis could argue that the shift to mechanistic toxicology proposed in Marcia Clemmitt's recent article in The Scientist (Feb. 17, 1992, page 1) has already occurred. For the past five years, Molecular Carcinogenesis has been reporting the growth of, and changes in, all fields of carcinogenesis, including toxicology. The need for a journal that emphasized the causative mechanisms of cancer at the molecular level became apparent in 1987\nThomas Slaga\nThe editors and readers of the journal Molecular Carcinogenesis could argue that the shift to mechanistic toxicology proposed in Marcia Clemmitt's recent article in The Scientist (Feb. 17, 1992, page 1) has already occurred. For the past five years, Molecular Carcinogenesis has been reporting the growth of, and changes in, all fields of carcinogenesis, including toxicology.\nThe need for a journal that emphasized the causative mechanisms of cancer at the molecular level became apparent in 1987, when the burgeoning field of molecular biology made it possible to examine carcinogenesis at a more intimate level. In conjunction with the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and Wiley-Liss Inc. of New York, we started Molecular Carcinogenesis as a peer-reviewed forum for work on the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis.\nAdvances in molecular biology have enabled us to move from what University of Maryland pathology professor Ellen Silbergeld referred to in the article...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line604412"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7310451865196228,"wiki_prob":0.7310451865196228,"text":"Tag: half-staff\nRepublicans in Wisconsin and Missouri disrespect the American flag\nOn June 14, 1777, exactly two years to the day of the founding of what is now known as U.S. Army, the Second Continental Congress officially adopted the first version of the national flag of the United States of America. In 1916, then-President Woodrow Wilson issued a proclamation declaring June 14 to be Flag Day.\nSadly, some politicians have used Flag Day to disgrace the American flag.\nFirst off, Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker, a Republican, sent out a Flag Day tweet featuring a 48-star flag, which hasn’t been in official use since July 3, 1959:\n.@ScottWalker deletes image of 48-star flag shortly after he tweets it to celebrate Flag Day pic.twitter.com/0fxhyARgCC\n— Scott Bauer (@sbauerAP) June 14, 2016\nThe U.S. flag has officially featured 50 stars since July 4, 1960, the first Independence Day since Hawaii became the most recent state to join the Union.\nEven more disgraceful, in my opinion, was a decision by two of the three members of the Republican-controlled Cole County, Missouri commission to not lower the U.S. flag on county grounds to half-mast, as ordered by the president to commemorate the terrorist attack on the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida. Cole County, Missouri includes Jefferson City, which is Missouri’s state capital:\nFollowing this weekend’s shooting at a gay nightclub in Orlando, President Obama ordered that, “as a mark of respect for the victims,” the United States flag be flown at half-staff “upon all public buildings and grounds” through the end of the day Thursday. Officials in Cole County, Missouri decided this didn’t apply to them.\nThe three-member commission that governs the county voted 2-1 against lowering the flag. “We (the commission) still have control over how the flags are displayed,” Commissioner Jeff Hoelscher (R) told the Jefferson City News Tribune. “Lowering it too much takes away from the honor. I feel for these victims and for their families, but I don’t feel this was a time for the flag to be lowered.”\nCommissioner Kris Scheperle (R) similarly suggested that the Orlando shooting just doesn’t rise to the occasion. “I want to honor those who have served our country,” he said, “but we can’t lower it for every event like this that occurs. I do feel for those who were gunned down, but I don’t think it warrants lowering the flag.”\nAfter public outcry, the Cole County commissioners decided to reverse their original decision and obey the president’s orders to lower the U.S. flag to half-staff after all.\nWhile America celebrates our national flag, Republicans are busy disgracing our flag.\nTuesday, June 14, 2016 Tuesday, June 14, 2016\n48-star flag\ncounty commission\nincorrect flag\nJeff Hoelscher\nJefferson County MO\nJefferson County MO Commission\nKris Scherpele\nlowering the flag\nMO-Local\nOrlando attack\nOrlando shooting\npresidential order\nPulse Orlando\nPulse shooting\nterrorist attack\nWI-Gov\nWisconsin Governor\nwrong flag","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line63982"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6867368817329407,"wiki_prob":0.3132631182670593,"text":"Intellectual Property Issues in Citizen Science\nWritten by Teresa Scassa\nI am just back from the inaugural conference of the newly formed Citizen Science Association. If there were any doubt about the explosion of interest in citizen science, this conference, with its packed agenda and 600 registered attendees would lay it to rest.\nCitizen science is a term whose definitional boundaries are constantly being expanded. It is sometimes also called public participatory scientific research, and broadly interpreted it could reach so far as to include open innovation. Like many other forms of collaborative and co-creative engagement, citizen science involves harnessing the labour or ingenuity of the crowd with a view to advancing scientific knowledge. Iconic citizen science projects range from eBird (involving the public in reporting and recording bird sightings), GalaxyZoo (engaging the public in classifying distant galaxies) and Nature’s Notebook (which asks the public to help track seasonal changes). Citizen science projects also stray into the biomedical realm and can cross commercial/non-commercial lines. PatientsLikeMe offers a forum for individuals to share information about their illnesses or medical conditions with researchers and with others with the same affliction. 23andMe provides individuals with information about their DNA (which participants contribute), and SNPedia provides individuals with resources to help them in interpreting their own DNA. But in addition to these more well-known projects, are thousands of others, on large and small scales across a range of scientific fields, and engaging different sectors of the public in a very broad range of activities and for a similarly broad spectrum of objectives.\nMy own interest in citizen science relates to the legal and ethical issues it raises. Not surprisingly, there are significant privacy issues that may be raised by various citizen science projects – and not just those in the biomedical sphere. There may also be interesting liability issues – what responsibility is engaged by researchers who invite volunteers to hike treacherous mountain trails to find and record data about elusive plant or animal species? Currently, my work is on intellectual property issues. Timed to coincide with the inaugural CitSci 2015 conference was the release of a paper I co-authored with Haewon Chung on intellectual property issues as between researchers and participants in citizen science. This paper was commissioned by the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars Commons Lab, and we are continuing to expand our work in this area with the support of the Wilson Center.\nOur paper invites participants and researchers to think about intellectual property in the context of citizen science, in large part because IP issues are so fundamental to the ability of researchers, participants, and downstream users to ultimately access, use and/or disseminate research results. Relationships between researchers and participants are not the only ones of importance in citizen science – we will expand beyond these in our future work. But these relationships are nonetheless fundamentally important in citizen science. To the extent that intellectual property law is about both the relationship of authors to their works and about the relationship of authors and others in relation to those works, these issues should be part of the design of citizen science projects.\nOur paper, which is meant primarily for an audience of citizen science participants and researchers, develops a typology of citizen science projects from an IP point of view. We group citizen science projects into 4 broad categories defined by the type of contribution expected of participants. In some cases the nature and degree of participation makes it unlikely that participants will have any IP claims in their contributions to the project; in other cases, participants are regularly invited to contribute materials in which they may hold rights. We suggest that researchers think about these issues before launching their project with a view to avoiding complications later on, when they try to publish their research, decide to make their data fully open online, or make other dissemination plans. In some cases, the level of involvement of participants in problem-solving or data manipulation may also raise issues about their contribution to an invention that the researchers eventually seek to patent.\nIdentifying the IP issues is a first step – addressing them is also important. There are many different ways (from assignment of right to licensing) in which the IP rights of contributors can be addressed. Some solutions may be more appropriate than others, depending upon the ultimate goals of the project. In choosing a solution, researchers and project designers should think of the big picture: what do they need to do with their research output? Are there ethical obligations to open citizen science data, or to share back with the participant community? Do they have particular commitments to funders or to their institutions? Even if research data is made open, are there reasons to place restrictions on how the data is used by downstream users? These are important issues which have both a legal and an ethical dimension. They are part of our ongoing work in this area.\nPublished in Copyright Law\nTeresa Scassa\nLatest from Teresa Scassa\nOntario publishes Beta princiles for the ethical use of AI in the public sector\nProvinces Issue Orders Requiring Clearview AI to Comply with Data Protection Laws - But Then What?\nAI in Canadian Healthcare - Bias and Discrimination (New Paper)\nA First Step Along the Path to a Right to Be Forgotten in Canada?\nOntario White Paper Seeks Input on a Private Sector Data Protection Law\nRelated items (by tag)\nBill C-86 proposes positive changes for Official Marks regime: Comments to the Standing Senate Committee on Banking, Trade and Commerce,\nArtist sued in Canada for copyright infringement for AI-related art project\nControlling Data: Competition, Privacy and Copyright Issues Raised by Real Estate Data\nCrown copyright alive and well in new decision from the Ontario Court of Appeal\nData collection and free speech - an important issue for a data-driven society","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1217887"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6436154842376709,"wiki_prob":0.6436154842376709,"text":"21 Best Things to Do in Phnom Penh\nWhat is Phnom Penh Most Famous For?\nPhnom Penh offers plenty of things to see and do – you'll often be surprised when making a stop in the Cambodian capital heading to or from Siem Reap’s Angkor Wat. Those who don’t make a stop off in Phnom Penh will often miss out on so many interesting historical, cultural and environmental attractions in the city.\nIt’s not all about the Khmer Rouge or Cambodia’s tragic past either. Khmer-era temples, wildlife sanctuaries, theatrical performances and museums are all easily accessible and tours are reasonably priced. Enjoy our personally researched guide to the best attractions in Phnom Penh.\nRoyal Palace and Silver Pagoda\nGood for:\nThe Royal Palace and Silver Pagoda are set adjacent to each other, spanning 174,870 square meters of breathtaking Khmer architecture and lush greenery. Though the king of Cambodia still occasionally resides in The Royal Palace (if the blue royal flag is flying, the king is in residence), visitors can explore several buildings within the palace grounds from US$6.50 and guided tours are available from around US$10.\nLocated in Sisowath Quay, highlights at the Royal Palace include the Throne Hall and Moonlight Pavilion. Meanwhile, entrance to the Silver Pagoda is free of charge, where you can visit the Emerald Buddha, which dates back to the 17th century and is adorned with Baccarat crystals.\nLocation: Samdech Sothearos Boulevard (between 184th Street and 240th Street), Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nOpen: Monday–Thursday and Saturday from 8 am to 5 pm, Fridays from 8 am to 6 pm, Sundays from 8 am to 5.30 pm\nNational Museum of Cambodia\nThe National Museum of Cambodia is where you can find the cultural side of Cambodian history that dates back to the 4th century. The museum is housed within an impressive red sandstone structure and inaugurated in 1920 as the Musée Albert Sarraut during the French colonial period. It stands out as a fine illustration of traditional Khmer architecture.\nThere are over 14,000 interesting exhibits, arranged according to prehistoric, pre-Angkor, Angkor, and post-Angkor eras, each of which comprises bronze and wooden sculptures, ceramic items, ethnographic items and stone articles. Check out spectacular exhibits such as the 6th-century, 8-armed statue of Lord Vishnu.\nLocation: Preah Ang Eng Street 13, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nOpen: Daily from 8 am to 5 pm\nphoto by Mohd Fazlin Mohd Effendy Ooi (CC BY 2.0) modified\nPhnom Penh Royal Palace and Silver Pagoda\n17 Best Nightlife in Phnom Penh\nMekong Island (Koh Dach)\nCambodian Living Arts – Apsara and Traditional Khmer Dance\nCambodian Living Arts is a non-profit organization that hosts Apsara and traditional Khmer dance performances at the National Museum of Cambodia. Tickets are priced from US$15 and shows are held on Mondays, Wednesdays and weekends from 7pm onwards. The organization preserves traditional Khmer dance that dates back to the 18th century but was almost lost under the Khmer Rouge regime.\nCambodian Living Arts revived the art by gathering surviving master artists to train and pass on their knowledge to younger generations. The troupe comprises live singers and musicians in traditional Khmer costumes, performing eight classical dances of ethnic minorities from all over Cambodia.\nLocation: Blvd Samdach, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nOpen: Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday from 7 pm onwards\nphoto by Jakub Hałun (CC BY-SA 4.0) modified\nCentral Market (Phsar Thmey)\nCentral Market (Phsar Thmey) caters to just about any traveler, whether you’re a shopping enthusiast who wants to gauge your haggling skills, a tourist interested to be a part of a bustling crowd, or simply keen to explore, and photograph, Phnom Penh’s unique architectural designs.\nDesigned by French architects Jean Desbois and Wladimir Kandaouroff, this indoor market was the largest of its kind in Asia when it was constructed in 1937. You can find a wide assortment of goods in Central Market (Phsar Thmey), from men and women’s clothing, jewelry, flowers and shoes to gemstones, local handicrafts and fresh produce.\nLocation: Street 130, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nChildren Park Koh Pich Amusement Park\nChildren Park Koh Pich is an amusement park at the South Sisowath Quay in Phnom Penh. It can get quite packed and offers colorful ways to have fun, including a rollercoaster, a roller skating area with a big wavy floor section and lots of booths where punters try to burst balloons with darts.\nIt is, of course, nowhere near as extravagant as Disneyland, but this is a great place for people-watching, especially watching the locals enjoying life with friends and family – a reminder to outsiders that there is now much more to Cambodia than the grim history of the Killing Fields.\nLocation: Koh Pich St, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nGolf in Phnom Penh\nGolf in Cambodia is relatively new and the number of golf courses is limited. The first club to open in Cambodia, in 1996, was the 18-hole course at the Cambodia Golf & Country Club. On the outskirts of Phnom Penh, about 33 km west of the city center, it is set among 120 acres, and also has a clubhouse, swimming pools, tennis courts, convention facilities and villas.\nAnother golf course near Phnom Penh is the Royal Cambodia Phnom Penh Golf Club. To get there, take Route 4 towards Sihanoukville and keep an eye out for a big sign for the club about 14 km from the city.\nIndependence Monument is an iconic landmark that’s set in the heart Phnom Penh City Center. Locally known as Vimean Ekareach, it signifies Cambodia’s liberation from the French who have colonized the nation between 1863 and 1953.\nAs a result, vibrant celebrations of national festivities such as Independence Day (November 9th) and Constitution Day (September 24th) are held here. On most days, the best time to visit is at night as that’s when Independence Monument and its surroundings are illuminated by blue, red and white floodlights.\nLocation: Sangkat Boeng Keng Kang Ti Muoy, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nMekong Island (Koh Dach) near Phnom Penh\nMekong Island is where to head to if you wish to take a break from the hustle and bustle of Phnom Penh and venture into a world of peace and tranquillity. The island is about 15 km north of the city center. Bounded by views of rice paddies, vegetable farms and fruit orchards, Mekong Island not only serves as a venue for an enjoyable day trip or picnic but also enables you to experience the country’s authentic culture at its best.\nThis island occupies an area of about 10 hectares of land and is one of the prominent centres of traditional handicrafts in Cambodia, with artisans engaged in silk weaving, pottery, woodcarving and dyeing in its villages. One of the best ways to get there by cruise boat from Sisowath Quay in Phnom Penh (usually a 2.5-hour round trip). You can also rental a tuk-tuk from the city to the Japanese Bridge, from where you can continue your journey to the island by ferry.\nLocation: Koh Dach, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nOudongk\nOudongk is a town at the foot of the hill of the same name approximately 40 km north from Phnom Penh. The destination offers an escape to the rural countryside with the hilltop overlooking vast plains.\nThis site is also famous for cultural patrimonies and used to serve as a capital city between the years 1618 and 1866.\nLocation: Oudongk, Cambodia\nPhnom Tamao Zoo near Phnom Penh\nTake a tour to Phnom Tamao Zoo and Wildlife Rescue Center (PTWRC) – the country’s largest zoo and wildlife sanctuary that is located about a 45-minute drive outside town. Opened in 2000, it is more a wildlife rescue center than a zoo, serving as a safe refuge to rare and endangered animals rescued from the clutches of poachers, traffickers and illegal wildlife traders.\nThe wildlife center's residents now include over a thousand animals plus hundreds of exotic birds and reptiles. Managed by the Ministry of Agriculture’s Forestry Department with support from WildAid and Free the Bears Fund, the zoo occupies about 1,200 hectares land out of a 2,500-hectare forest protected area of Phnom Tamao that enjoys picturesque surroundings comprising mountains and ancient temples such as Phnom Tamao Temple and Thmor Dos Temple.\nLocation: National Road No 2, Tro Pang Sap Village, Tro Pang Sap Commune, Ba Ti District, Takeo Province, Cambodia\nFrizz Cooking Class\nFrizz Restaurant is a great place to learn about Khmer cuisine, including its history that goes back a long way. In more recent times, the cuisine of Cambodia has been influenced by nearby countries as well as by the French.\nBut go back 1,000 years to when the Khmer Empire ruled over most of Southeast Asia and, some historians argue, the food in the subject countries was itself influenced by Khmer cuisine. Get a hands-on experience of cooking authentic Khmer dishes to learn more about the ingredients from local experts.\nLocation: #67 Oknha Chhun St. (240), Phnom Penh 12207, Cambodia\nOpen: Daily from 10 am to 10 pm\nphoto by Marcin Konsek (CC BY-SA 4.0) modified\nSisowath Quay in Phnom Penh\nSisowath Quay is one of Phnom Penh's most bustling areas, with a row of boutiques, bars, cafes, restaurants and luxury hotels lining its length. The boulevard spans about 3 km long, at the intersection of the Tonle Sap and Mekong rivers.\nSisowath Quay's cool and relaxing atmosphere lets you enjoy a delightful getaway, and serves as a central meeting point of almost all roads that lead to the city’s key attractions.\nLocation: Sisowath Quay, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nphoto by Ken Marshall (CC BY 2.0) modified\nSovannaphum Arts Association & Art Gallery\nPhnom Penh is not as active as Siem Reap when it comes to Khmer performing arts. Even so, you can find some of the performing arts schools in the city are open to the public during the day, allowing you the opportunity to observe dancers in training.\nAmong these, a must-see is the Sovannaphum Arts Association & Art Gallery on 111 Street 360 (corner of Street 105). Started in 1994 by a group of students from the Royal University of Fine Arts in Phnom Penh, the association has a theatre where traditional cultural shows are staged every Friday and Saturday night at 7.30 pm.\nShows include shadow puppet theatre, classical Apsara dancing, and folk and mask dances. On sale at the gallery at the theatre are shadow puppets made from leather, musical instruments and more. Another fine theatre to visit is the Chatomuk Theatre at Sisowath Quay.\nLocation: 166 St 99, Phnom Penh 12307, Cambodia\nphoto by Michael Gunther (CC BY-SA 4.0) modified\nTa Prohm Temple at Tonle Bati\nTa Phrom Temple at Tonle Bati dates back to the late 12th century, featuring well-preserved stone carvings and bas-reliefs of Hindu mythology – this temple is similar in style to Angkor Wat in Siem Reap. Accessible within an hour’s drive from Phnom Penh City Center in the Takeo Province, there’s an entrance fee of US$3 to visit the temple, making it affordable and convenient option for travelers who are staying in the capital of Cambodia.\nOther attractions in Tonle Bati include Yey Peo Temple (located 200 meters north of Ta Phrom Temple) and Tonle Bati Lake, a popular picnic spot among locals. Great for unwinding after visiting the temples, you can also rent huts and hammocks at relatively low prices.\nLocation: Tonle Bati, Cambodia\nphoto by Colin W (CC BY-SA 3.0) modified\nThe Killing Fields, also known as Choeung Ek Memorial, is a bone-chilling reminder of Cambodia’s tragic history. About 17 km south of Phnom Penh City, it is one of the many killing fields or execution and burial grounds used by the Khmer Rouge regime during its rule of the country from 1975 to 1979.\nMass graves were discovered after the Khmer Rouge fled the city, leading to the construction of a Buddhist memorial for over 15,000 victims in The Killing Fields. Half-day tours to this memorial and S-21 Prison feature informative audio guides in many languages as well as testimony from survivors and guards of the regime.\nLocation: Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nOpen: Daily from 7.30 am to 5.30 pm\nTuol Sleng Genocide Museum (S-21 Prison)\nTuol Sleng Genocide Museum was formerly Tuol Svay Pray High School before it was turned into an interrogation, torture and execution center by the Khmer Rouge regime. Also known as S-21 Prison, an estimated 17,000 Cambodians entered this notorious venue. Only 7 managed to survive until the end of the regime.\nMost rooms have been left in the state they were found in January 1979, including classrooms divided into tiny cells. An essential stop while visiting Phnom Penh, Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum also displays 6,000 haunting portraits of its prisoners for travelers to understand the recent tragic Cambodian history. It's an intense experience touring the old prison and will no doubt give you plenty of food for thought.\nLocation: St 113, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nWat Langka\nWat Langka, nearby Phnom Penh’s Independence Monument, is one of the 5 pagodas founded by Ponhea Yat in 1442. This colorful shrine was established as a library of Buddhist scriptures as well as a meeting place for Cambodian and Sri Lankan monks, but it was also used as a storehouse during the Khmer Rouge’s regime.\nUnlike most Buddhist temples in Cambodia, the stupas here are kept in a great condition and entrance to the temple is free of charge. Every Sunday at 8.30am, you can participate in Wat Langka’s meditation sessions which are supervised by English-speaking monks.\nLocation: Street 282 (Samdach Louis Em), Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nWat Ounalom\nWat Ounalom offers visitors an in-depth look into the spiritual teachings, philosophies and history of Buddhism in Cambodia. The most prominent and oldest of 5 pagodas in the country, Wat Ounalom is the center of Cambodian Buddhism and serves as the abode of the Patriarch of the Mahanikai School of Buddhism.\nBuilt in 1443 to enshrine an eyebrow hair (ounalom) of Lord Buddha, the shrine housed over 500 monks and the Buddhist Institute’s library that held over 30,000 titles in its collection before they were wiped out by the Khmer Rouge regime. The displayed Buddha’s eyebrow miraculously survived, making it the main draw among travelers from all over the world. A 10-minute walk from The Royal Palace, entrance to Wat Ounalom is free of charge.\nLocation: 172 Ly Yoat Lay Street, Phnom Penh, Cambodia\nWat Phnom\nWat Phnom is a temple that sits on a hill to the north of Phnom Penh. The temple was restored and reconstructed through several years, namely in 1434, 1806, 1894 and 1926.\nWat Phnom is a symbol of the Cambodian capital city and is regularly visited by local devotees who either come for prayers, bring small offerings, or participate in meditation.\nCambodian Country Club Equestrian Center\nCambodian Country Club Equestrian Center, which opened in 2003, is in the Northbridge International School. An international-standard riding school and club, it offers riding and riding lessons for adults and children of all abilities and all ages from 5 years old and up. The center also stages showjumping events, exhibitions and a riding camp for kids.\nLocation: 2004 Street, Group 6, Sangkat Toeuk Thla, Khan Sen Sok, Phnom Penh 12101, Cambodia\nFrench Institute Cambodia\nInstitut Francais du Cambodge or French Institute Cambodia can be a great place to watch French films, apart from the several big-screen movie theaters in town which mostly show films in the Khmer language. Head down to Street 184 for the Institute's French Cultural Center Movie theater. This shows French films, most of them with English subtitles.\nLocation: 218 Keo Chea, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia\nOpen: Monday–Saturday from 8 am to 9 pm (closed on Sundays)\nPenny Wong | Compulsive Traveler\nThis article includes opinions of the Go Guides editorial team. Hotels.com compensates authors for their writing appearing on this site; such compensation may include travel and other costs.\nEnter a destination or property name\nAge at check in:\nARTillery Café Phnom Penh\n3 Best Nightclubs in Phnom Penh\nWat Ounalom in Phnom Penh\n16 Best Restaurants in Phnom Penh\n20 Best Shopping Experiences in Phnom Penh\nChoose one of the following to unlock Secret Prices and pay less on select properties.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1705839"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6883506774902344,"wiki_prob":0.3116493225097656,"text":"Accenture reiterates the need for gender balance in the South African workplace\nConsistent with the sentiment across the global business environment, a senior diversity executive at Accenture Africa has emphasised the importance of gender balance and an environment of equality in the overall capacity of South African organisations to innovate and develop.\nThe question of gender equality in the workplace is one that has been increasingly debated in South Africa, although the country boasts a number of women in senior business positions. Nevertheless, reports have demonstrated that women in the country face a glass ceiling when it comes to their professional career.\nA number of sectors in the country have pledged their commitment to improving the scenario around gender balance in the workplace, particularly as a number of reports released in recent years have suggested that having a greater gender balance is a boon for productivity and organisational growth.\nGlobal management consultancy Accenture is the latest firm to have made this claim in the context of businesses in South Africa and across the broader region of Africa. The firm has based its claims on a study conducted amongst nearly 20,000 executives across the globe, 700 of which are in South Africa.\nPredictably, the biggest priority amongst South African businesses in the near future is to foster a culture of innovation. Businesses in the country have been struggling with sluggish growth in recent times, and captains of the business environment have urged that innovation is the way out of this scenario. Gender equality is crucial to this goal.\nAs explained by Ntombi Mhangwani, Head of the Women’s Forum and Director for Integrated Marketing and Communications at Accenture Africa, “In South Africa, we have a competitive environment. The corporate race is on to innovate and find skilled specialist workers. Recruiting more women for a balanced workforce makes sense.”\n“The survey’s findings have particular relevance in our country, where the debate about the role of women, their place in business, politics and other spheres is ongoing. High profile women – including those outside business – like sportswoman Caster Semenya who is fighting for her fundamental rights, have become role models for a new generation of women wanting to use their talents fully. Being given the opportunity to contribute skills and participate in driving innovative practices within companies should be seen as part of women’s broader objectives,” she added.\nDiversity news\nMore Diversity\nPwC representatives discuss gender balance as women's month kicks off Women’s month is officially underway in South Africa, sparking discussions once again surrounding the status of women in the country’s workplace and economy.\nAccenture to support an event promoting gender equality in SA Accenture is among a number of high profile firms that will organise the Voices of Change event in South Africa this August, which is being set up to encourage leaders in the country’s business envir\nEY supports engineering training programme for women in South Africa Big Four accounting and advisory firm EY is continuing its work towards making the South African business environment more equitable.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1414858"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9183155298233032,"wiki_prob":0.9183155298233032,"text":"Pat Summerall: 'Wade Phillips Was An Excuse For The Players'\nBy Ed Valentine@Valentine_Ed Updated Nov 13, 2010, 9:33am EST\nShare All sharing options for: Pat Summerall: 'Wade Phillips Was An Excuse For The Players'\nPat Summerall has written a book about playing for legendary coaches Tom Landry and Vince Lombardi.\nLegendary broadcaster and former New York Giants placekicker Pat Summerall has a pretty strong opinion on the decision this week by Dallas Cowboys' owner Jerry Jones to fire head coach Wade Phillips and promote Jason Garrett.\n\"Under Phillips, and I like Wade, he's a very, very nice man and he's a good friend of mine, but they were starting to lose interest,\" Summerall said.\n\"Cowboys magic as you know has been world wide, not just city wide. They were starting to lose that, and I think Jerry Jones sensed that, sensed that he was losing the fans as well as the team and he made a change to Jason Garrett, who I like so far.\"\nI had a chance Friday to speak with Summerall, who is now 80, as part of his promotional tour for his new book 'GIANTS: What I Learned About Life from Vince Lombardi and Tom Landry.'\nAs an end and placekicker, Summerall turns out to have been the only Giants player directly coached by both legendary figures. Throw in Summerall's long broadcasting career, which began in 1962, and the fact that he lives in Dallas, and he is uniquely positioned to offer an opinion on the situation with the 1-7 Cowboys. As of now, Summerall has been impressed by Garrett.\n\"He sounds like he's all business, and Wade Phillips was not all business. Wade Phillips was an excuse for the players who performed poorly, he always had an excuse for them,\" Summerall said. \"That's maybe a good approach for some teachers, but not for Jason Garrett and not for the people that I wrote the book about.\"\nLombardi, of course, was the fiery, no-nonsense tough guy who went on to build the Green Bay Packer dynasty and became the coach against whom all NFL coaches are inevitably judged. Landry was the quiet, dignified teacher who became a Hall of Fame coach while building Dallas into a perennial power.\n\"Both had one thing in common, that they were very prepared. Neither one of them ever went into a meeting without intense preparation. I tried to use that in the broadcasting world when I became a television announcer,\" Summerall said. \"You never can over-prepare.\n\"Both were so confident of what they were teaching and so sure that their way was the best way, they were great teachers. Totally different methods, but they were both intensely prepared and very confident in what they were trying to teach you.\"\nFor 22 seasons, beginning in 1981, Summerall was paired in the broadcast booth with another coach, John Madden. They became a legendary combination in their own right.\n\"John had such great respect for the game and such knowledge of the game that he reminded me of sitting down in one of Lombardi's meetings or one of Landry's meetings,\" Summerall said. \"John had such a great passion for the game.\n\"I think that's an important thing that made both of them effective, both Landry and Lombardi and John Madden, too. He (Madden) had such respect for what he was talking about and also such a passion for presenting it in a manner that most people could understand.\"\nIn a recent article for The Washington Post, I wrote that this is shaping up to be the worst season in the history of the Cowboy franchise. I asked Summerall if that was overly dramatic, and he said \"No, I don't think it is at all.\"\nHe then proceeded to point a finger directly at Jones for the mess the Cowboys are in.\n\"Jerry thinks that his approach and his knowledge of the game is such that he doesn't need a go-between, that he could probably coach the team himself -- he thinks. That's not necessarily true,\" Summerall said. \"I think he does need a go-between and I think he made a good choice in picking Jason Garrett to take over.\"\nNOTE: I have to mention that, on a personal level, spending a few minutes on the phone with Summerall Friday afternoon was a thrill for me. He still has that unmistakable voice, the voice I basically grew up with as a football fan. I never want to lose perspective on just how cool it is to spend a few minutes talking with people like him, and I thoroughly enjoyed it.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1229419"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8270434737205505,"wiki_prob":0.8270434737205505,"text":"← John Vincent\nStephen Minor’s Children – Unionist Slave Owners →\nStephen Minor – Last Spanish Governor of Natchez\nPosted on January 24, 2013 by markeminer\nStephen “Don Esteban” Minor (1760 – 1815) was just a second cousin of our Miner line, but his story is too unique not to include. Pardon the length, but as Frances Hunter says, this period of early American history is a delightful rabbit hole of heroes and scoundrels — often embodied in the same individuals.\nStephen’s rise from a backwoods Pennsylvania, teenaged sole survivor of an ambush to Governor, first president of the Bank of Mississippi (1797-1815) and wealthy Natchez planter is remarkable. I think his connection to the rich and powerful was Oliver Pollock, though I haven’t seen this link written anywhere.\nMy next post covers Stephen’s children and grandchildren who owned hundreds of slaves yet many remained loyal to the Union and one offered emancipation in exchange for recognition of the Confederacy by England and France.\nFamous and infamous characters in Stephen’s life include:\nBernardo de Gálvez, Governor of Louisiana\nOliver Pollock, Inventor of $ (dollar sign) and financier of the Western theater of the Revolution\nManuel Gayoso de Lemos, Minor’s mentor and Governor of Natchez and Louisiana\nMarshall Alejandro O’Reilly, “Wild Geese” mercenary from Ireland\nJames Wilkinson Scoundrel, American General and Spanish double agent, (See the Spanish Conspiracy by Frances Hunter. I wonder if Stephen Minor assisted his mentor Manuel Gayoso in his undercover work. Maybe he led the 300 Natchez militiamen deployed to New Orleans in 1793 to help defend the port against “the Jacobin menace.” ) Later, Minor was a friend of James Wilkinson who asked him to protect a trunk of manuscripts from his enemies in 1814.\nAaron Burr endeavored to persuade Governor Minor to co-operate with him in his nefarious plot , against the Federal Government.\nPhilip Nolan, Horse Trader, Freebooter, and “the man without a country” After Nolan was killed by the Spanish on a filibustering expedition to Tejas, Minor adopted his son Philip Jr.\nDueled with George Poindexter, Quick tempered Federalist hater, congressman and later US Senator from Mississippi\nMinor helped Andrew Ellicott survey the Mississippi Territory/Florida border. Ellicott mapped much of the west, planned DC and taught Meriwether Lewis.\nAmong the noted men who were entertained at Minor’s Concord Plantation were General Anthony Wayne, General Lafayette, Jefferson Davis, Aaron Burr and Winthrop Sargent, the first territorial governor of the Mississippi Territory,\nThe Yellow Duchess, Stephen’s wife\nStephen Minor was born 8 Feb 1760 Greene County, Pennsylvania on the Monongahela River near the border with Virginia. Present day West Virginia University in Morgantown is about 12 miles away from Stephen’s birthplace. His great grandparents were our ancestors William MINER and Francis BURCHAM. His grandparents were Stephen Minor and Athaliah Updyke. His parents were Capt. William Minor and Frances Ellen Phillips. (See William MINER‘s page for their stories)\nStephen Minor Portrait – By William Edward West (1809)\nStephen first ventured to New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1779. He first married Martha Ellis 1790 in Louisiana. After Martha died, he married Katherine Lintot 4 Aug 1792 in Natchez, Adams, Mississippi. Stephen died 29 Nov 1815 in Natchez, Mississippi and is buried at Concord, the historic residence of the early Spanish governors at Natchez, Mississippi.\nMartha Ellis was born 1760 in Natchez, Natchitoches, Louisiana She was the daughter of Colonel John Ellis of White Cliffs, located south of Natchez on the Mississippi River. There were apparently no children from this union. Martha died before 1791\nKatherine Lintot was born 4 Aug 1770 in Carlisle, Cumberland, Pennsylvania. Her parents were Bernard Lintot (1740 – 1804) and Katherine Trotter (1744 – 1804). Bernard . Bernard Lintot is reputed to have studied at the Inner Temple, London. He was a Wall Street trader who became the commissary at Manchac. She was known as the “Yellow Duchess” because of her reputed fondness for all things golden. Katherine died 9 Jul 1844 in Natchez, Adams, Mississippi\nChild of Stephen and Martha: for her story, see my post Stephen Minor’s Children – Decadent Unionists\nName Born Married Departed\n1. Mary Minor 4 Jul 1787 Natchez, Adams, Mississippi William Kenner\n19 Nov 1801 5 Oct 1814 Oakland Plantation, Louisiana\nChildren of Stephen and Katherine: (for their story, see my post Stephen Minor’s Children – Decadent Unionists\n2. Martha Minor ~1793\nNatches, Adams, Mississippi Bef. 1795\nNatches, Adams, Mississippi\n3. Frances Minor 27 Mar 1795 Natchez, Adams, Mississippi Henry Chotard\n27 May 1819 Adams, Mississippi 10 May 1864 Natchez, Adams, Mississippi\n4. Katherine Lintot Minor 24 Jun 1799 Natchez, Adams, Mississippi James Wilkins\n11 Apr 1823 Adams, Mississippi 5 Jan 1849 or 9 Jul 1844 Natchez, MS\n5. Stephen Minor ~1803\nNatchez, Adams, Mississippi Charlotte Walker? 29 Nov 1815 Natchez, MS or\n6. William John Minor 27 Jan 1808 Natchez, Adams, Mississippi Rebecca Ann Gustine\n7 Aug 1829 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 18 Sep 1869 Southdown Plantation,, Houma, Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana\nCaravan Survivor\nAbout 1779 before Stephen was twenty years old, he traveled to Spanish New Orleans to procure military supplies for the Continental Army. Once the goods were packed on mules, Minor and his men headed up the western bank of the Mississippi in a caravan in route to the Ohio Valley. Along the way, Minor fell ill and was at times so consumed with fever and chills that the caravan was forced to moved forward during the day while Minor followed their trail at his own sluggish pace, often catching up with the group at its encampment at night.\nOne day as Minor laid back shivering with a high fever, the caravan was overtaken by bandits deep in the heart of Indian country in present day Arkansas, their goods stolen and the men murdered. Minor found the grisly crime scene hours later, his life having been spared due to his illness. Alone in the vast wilderness, the 20-year-old stumbled back into New Orleans with news of the disaster.About that time, Spain had joined the Americans in the fight against the British. Minor, always enterprising, learned Spanish and French as he determined his next move.\nThe Taking of British West Florida\nMinor joined the royal Spanish army being assembled by the Governor of Louisiana, Bernardo de Gálvez, for attacks on English Manchac (Fort Butte) and Baton Rouge (1779).\nYoung Stephen Minor caught the eye of Bernardo de Gálvez (1746 – 1786) 5th Governor of Spanish Louisiana , 61st Viceroy of New Spain. Galveston, Texas is named for him\nSpain officially entered the American Revolutionary War on May 8, 1779, with a formal declaration of war by King Charles III. This declaration was followed by another on July 8 that authorized his colonial subjects to engage in hostilities against the British. When Bernardo de Gálvez, the colonial Governor of Spanish Louisiana received word of this on July 21, he immediately began to secretly plan offensive operations. Gálvez, who had been planning for the possibility of war since April, intercepted communications from the British at Pensacola indicating that the British were planning a surprise attack on New Orleans; he decided to launch his own attack first. To that end, he concealed from the public his receipt of the second proclamation.\nFort Bute was located on Bayou Manchac, about 115 miles up the Mississippi River from New Orleans, on the far western border of British West Florida. Lt. Col. Alexander Dickson was charged with the defense of the Baton Rouge district, which included Fort Bute, Baton Rouge, and Fort Panmure (modern Natchez, Louisiana). The British had begun sending larger numbers of troops to the area following George Rogers Clark‘s capture of Vincennes, which had exposed the weak British defenses in the area. At Dickson’s disposal in August 1779 were 400 regulars, including companies from the 16th and 60th Regiments and a recently-arrived company o fgrenadiers from the German state of Waldeck, and about 150 Loyalist militia.\nFort Bute was an older stockade fort built in 1766. It was in such disrepair that Dickson judged it to be indefensible. When Dickson received word of Spanish movements, he withdrew most of his forces to Baton Rouge and Panmure, leaving a small garrison of 20 Waldeckers under Captain von Haake behind.\nGálvez originally planned to march from New Orleans on August 20. However, a hurricane on August 18 swept over New Orleans, sinking most of his fleet and destroying provisions. Undeterred, Gálvez rallied the support of the colony and on August 27 set out by land toward Baton Rouge, using as an explanation for the movement the need to defend Spanish Louisiana from an expected British attack. The force departing New Orleans consisted of 520 regulars, of whom about two-thirds were recent recruits, 60 militiamen, 80 free blacks and mulattoes, and ten American volunteers, including Stephen Minor, headed by Oliver Pollock.\nPollock used his fortune to finance American operations in the west, and the successful Illinois campaign of General George Rogers Clark in Illinois 1778. Stephen Minor’s uncle, Col. John Minor built Clark’s flotilla of vessels on the Monongahela River. I’ve never seen it written anywhere, but its more than likely that Pollock’s introduction of Minor to the Spanish leadership was a key factor in Stephen’s rise and family fortune.\nOliver Pollock (1737-1823) was a merchant and financier of the Revolutionary War, of which he has long been considered a historically undervalued figure. He is often attributed with the creation of the US Dollar sign in 1778.\nOliver Pollock (1737-1823)\nOliver Pollock came to North America in 1760. A native of Ireland, he arrived in Philadelphia and settled in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. At age 25, Pollock began a career as a merchant in the West Indies. With his headquarters in Havana, Cuba, he traded mainly with the Spanish. In Cuba, he established a relationship with Governor-General Alejandro O’Reilly Like Pollock, O’Reilly was from Ireland, but left his native land to fight in foreign armies, serving in both the Austrian and Spanish military. O’Reilly married into the family of the Spanish governor of Cuba, and quickly rose in influence in the region. In 1769, he was sent to Louisiana to put down a rebellion by French Creoles, a task he completed with flying colors.\nFollowing his friend to New Orleans, Pollock worked there as a merchant and was given free trade status within the city because of his relationship with O’Reilly. As a result, he because a very successful businessman, particularly in dealing with flour, which was a highly sought-after commodity. To help the colonists, Pollock sold the flour at half price, no doubt endearing him to the populace.\nWith his growing wealth, Pollock gained political influence. In 1777, he was appointed as the commercial agent of the United States government in New Orleans, essentially making him the representative of the colonies. Utilizing his enormous wealth, Pollock financed American military operations west of the Mississippi, including George Rogers Clark’s campaign in Illinois in 1778. That same year, he borrowed $70,000 from the Spanish governor of Louisiana and served as his aide-de-camp during a campaign against the British. Throughout Louisiana, Alabama and Florida, the Spanish defeated the British, culminating with the Siege of Pensacola in 1781. Pollock, through his diplomatic skills, helped gain the surrender of Fort Panmure by the British in Natchez.\nIn 1779 he borrowed $70,000 from Spanish Louisiana’s Governor Bernardo de Gálvez, but the financial needs of the country at the time left him in a loss. Pollock served as Gálvez’s aide-de-camp during the Spanish campaign against the British that began with the Spanish declaration of war in June 1779. Gálvez and the Spanish troops swept through Louisiana, Alabama, and Florida, defeating the British with the Capture of Fort Bute and campaigning through the victorious Siege of Pensacola in 1781. Pollock’s diplomacy assisted in the surrender of Fort Panmure at Natchez, Mississippi\nAs they marched upriver, the force grew by another 600 men, from Indians to Acadians. At its peak, the force numbered over 1,400, but this number was reduced due the hardships of the march by several hundred before they reached Fort Bute.\nWhen the force neared Fort Bute on September 6, Gálvez informed them of the Spanish war declaration and the true purpose of their mission, eliciting cheers from the men. At dawn the next day, they attacked the fort, and after a brief skirmish in which one German was killed, most of the garrison surrendered. The six who escaped capture made their way to Baton Rouge to notify Dickson.\nAfter several days’ rest, Gálvez advanced on Baton Rouge, only 15 miles from Fort Bute. When Gálvez arrived at Baton Rouge on Sep 12, he found a well-fortified town garrisoned by over 400 regular army troops and 150 militia under the overall command of Lt. Col. Alexander Dickson.\nGálvez first sent a detachment of men further up the river to break communications between Baton Rouge and British sites further upriver. Before the fort he was unable to directly advance his own artillery, so Gálvez ordered a feint to the north through a wooded area, sending a detachment of his poorly-trained militia to create disturbances in the forest. The British turned and unleashed massed volleys at this body, but the Spanish forces, shielded by substantial foliage, suffered only three casualties. While this went on, Gálvez dug siege trenches and established secure gunpits within musket range of the fort. He placed his artillery pieces there, opening fire on the fort on Sep 21.\nThe British endured three hours of shelling before Dickson offered to surrender. Gálvez demanded and was granted terms that included the capitulation of the 80 regular infantry at Fort Panmure (modern Natchez, Mississippi), a well-fortified position that would have been difficult for Gálvez to take militarily. Dickson surrendered 375 regular troops the next day; Gálvez had Dickson’s militia disarmed and sent home. Gálvez then sent a detachment of 50 men to take control of Panmure. He also dismissed his own militia companies, left a sizable garrison at Baton Rouge, and returned to New Orleans with about 50 men.\nIn 1780 Spanish Gen. Bernardo de Gálvez amassed an army to take on the British in West Florida. Stephen joined the Spanish army and participated in a military expedition against Fort Charlotte, located near Mobile in British West Florida., which resulted in a resounding Spanish victory. At Mobile, according to historian Benjamin L.C. Wailes, Minor caught the eye of Gen. Galvez who was impressed with Minor’s bravery and heroism as well as his “remarkable skill with the rifle.”Minor was in Spanish service for most of his adult life. He became a major of the Spanish army.\nIn 1763, the Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the French and Indian War. The treaty ceded Mobile and the surrounding territory to Great Britain, and it was made a part of the expanded British West Florida colony. The British changed the name of Fort Condé to Fort Charlotte.\nBritish West Florida in 1767\nThe British were eager not to lose any useful inhabitants and promised religious tolerance to the French colonists, ultimately 112 French Mobilians remained in the colony. The first permanent Jewish presence in Mobile began in 1763 as a result of the new religious tolerance.\nWhile the British were dealing with their rebellious colonists along the Atlantic coast, the Spanish entered the war as an ally of France in 1779. They took the opportunity to order Bernardo de Galvez, Governor of Louisiana, on an expedition east to retake Florida. He captured Mobile during the Battle of Fort Charlotte in 1780, as part of this campaign. The Spanish wished to eliminate any British threat to their Louisiana colony, which they had received from France in the same 1763 Treaty of Paris.\nOn Jan 11, 1780, a fleet of twelve ships carrying 754 men, a mix of Spanish regulars and militia sailed from New Orleans, reaching the mouth of the Mississippi on Jan 18. They were joined on January 20 by the American ship West Florida, under the command of Captain William Pickles and with a crew of 58.\nOn Feb 20, reinforcements arrived from Havana, bringing the force to about 1,200 men. By Feb 25, the Spanish had landed their army on the shores of the Dog River, about 10 miles from Fort Charlotte. They were informed by a deserter that the fort was garrisoned by 300 men.\nOn Mar 1, Gálvez sent a letter to Durnford offering to accept his surrender, which was politely rejected. Gálvez began setting up gun batteries around the fort the next day. Durnford wrote to General John Campbell at Pensacola requesting reinforcements. On March 5 and 6, most of the Pensacola garrison left on a march toward Mobile. Delayed by difficult river crossings, this force was unable to assist the Fort Charlotte garrison.\nOn Mar 13, the walls of Fort Charlotte were breached, and Durnford capitulated the next day, surrendering his garrison. The fall of Fort Charlotte drove the British from the western reaches of West Florida and reduced the British military presence in West Florida to its capital, Pensacola.\n4/5 scale replica of Fort Conde in downtown Mobile – Note the row of cannon\nEmboldened by the destruction of a Gálvez-led expedition against Pensacola by a hurricane in the fall of 1780, Campbell decided to attempt the recapture of Mobile. In the Battle of Mobile, a British attack on Jan 7 1781 against a Spanish outpost on the east side of Mobile Bay was repulsed, and the German leader of the expedition was killed.\nCaptain Johann von Hanxleden’s expedition of 700 men arrived near the outpost late on Jan 6, and made a dawn attack the next morning. Forty of the Spaniards made a dash for a boat anchored nearby, but the British cut many of them down with a musket volley. Choctaw warriors from the expedition then followed the Spaniards into the water to collect scalps. The remaining Spanish coolly opened fire on the British, killing Hanxleden and nineteen others. The British troops then disengaged and retreated\nMinor also participated in the conquest of Pensacola (1781) by later in the year Spanish Field Marshal Gálvez completing the Spanish conquest of West Florida.\nThese actions were condoned by the revolting American colonies, partially evidenced by the presence of Oliver Pollack, representative of the American Continental Congress, and due to the fact that Mobile and West Florida, for the most part, remained loyal to the British Crown. The fort was renamed Fortaleza Carlota, with the Spanish holding Mobile as a part of Spanish West Florida until 1813, when it was seized by United States General James Wilkinson during the War of 1812.\nStephen Minor and Manuel Gayoso de Lemos\nIn return for his military services under Galvez, Minor was accorded the rank of Captain and granted the land on which the city of Natchez was built. In 1781, Galvez appointed Minor adjutant of the military post at Natchez commanded by Gayoso de Lemos.\nMinor received a commission as a captain in the Spanish army, and he served as the adjutant of Fort Panmure at Natchez. During this time, Minor also assisted Spanish governor Manuel Gayoso de Lemos in various administrative duties. He also provided the Anglo-American settlers and Natchez Indians of the district liaison with the Spanish officials, who often referred to him as “Don Esteban.”\nManuel Luis Gayoso de Lemos Amorín y Magallanes (1747 – 1799) was born in Oporto, Portugal to Spanish consul Manuel Luis Gayoso de Lemos y Sarmiento and Theresa Angélica de Amorín y Magallanes, he received his education in London, where his parents were living. He was said to have the accent and manners of the British.\nManuel Gayoso de Lemos, Governor of Natchez\nAt age 23 Manuel Gayoso de Lemos joined the military, the Spanish Lisbon Regiment as a cadet (1771) and was commissioned ensign the following year. The Lisbon Regiment had been reassigned from Havana to New Orleans since the Spanish entry under Field Marshal Alejandro O’Reilly in 1769. (Like many so-called “Wild Geese” of his generation, O’Reilly left Ireland to serve in foreign,Catholic armies.)\nThroughout his life Gayoso de Lemos retained his military rank and he was a brigadier at the time of his death. Don Manuel Gayoso de Lemos married three times. His first marriage was to Theresa Margarita Hopman y Pereira of Lisbon, with whom he had two children. In 1792 he married Elizabeth Watts of Philadelphia and Louisiana; she died three months later. He then married Elizabeth’s sister, Margaret Cyrilla Watts, with whom he had one son.\nOn Nov 3, 1787, Manuel Gayoso de Lemos assumed military and civil command of the fort and the newly organized District of Natchez (West Florida), having been appointed district governor by Governor-General Esteban Rodríguez Miró, governor of Louisiana and West Florida. On his arrival, Gayoso de Lemos established an informal cabildo (council) of landed planters which was formalized in 1792. Most of the council were of non-Spanish origin having come down from the Ohio River Valley settlements (especially Kentucky).\nFrom The Sins of Manuel Gayoso – “Natchez was a rough, lawless frontier settlement when Gayoso arrived in 1789. There were about twenty houses, most of them rough framed affairs, sparsely furnished. Kentuckians and other westerners descended the Mississippi with flatboats of goods to sell, unloaded their cargoes, then raised hell in the taverns. Often they stole a horse to get back home, via the Natchez Trace. Stolen goods frequently changed hands in the taverns for the price of a few drinks. Counterfeiting was big business, and slaves were common targets for thievery. Gayoso himself was ripped off by an American traveler to whom he extended hospitality, losing two slaves, a shotgun, carbine, bridles, and two saddles. (The thief was caught and returned for trial.)\nGayoso sought to lower the high rate of homicide in his frontier district by banning knives and pistols, but outlaws with a penchant for stabbing circumvented the law by fashioning effective stilettos of hardened wood. As governor, Gayoso was the chief magistrate and possessed the power to adjudicate disputes and arrange settlements. In Natchez Saturday was court day, and Gayoso spent virtually the entire day hearing complaints of various types and rendering his decisions. He was as tough on miscreants as his authority allowed, petitioning Miró unsuccessfully for the funds to build a jail. Gayoso had considerable power over the church in his district. Because the governors were considered the Spanish King’s representatives the new world, they had the power to create new bishoprics, dioceses, parishes, and other church posts. Gayoso was tolerant of various religious sects in Natchez, but he didn’t take any guff off the priests and didn’t hesitate to let them know who was boss.\nMiró left the governorship of Louisiana in 1791 and returned to Spain. Gayoso had hoped to replace him, but was disappointed when Francisco Luis Hector de Carondelet was appointed in his place. Despite initial reason for tension, the two men seemed to have had an effective working relationship. When Carondelet arrived in 1791, he was appalled at the state of Spain’s defenses on the lower Mississippi. Together, Gayoso and Carondelet set about a long-term program to beef up Spain’s military defenses. At Gayoso’s urging, Carondelet created the Squadron of the Mississippi, which came to include six galleys, four galiots, one bombardier, and six cannon launches. In 1795, the crew members numbered over 300. The larger galleys boasted an 18-pounder cannon and eight to ten swivel guns. They were used for reconnaissance expeditions up and down the Mississippi.\nGayoso also recommended to Carondelet construction of additional forts in the Mississippi Valley. They beefed up defenses in Nogales, Natchez, New Orleans, and Baton Rouge. Gayoso beat the Americans to Chickasaw Bluffs through painstaking negotiations with the Chickasaws, who finally consented to let Spain build a small military post there. Gayoso was supported by a majority of the ships in the Spanish squadron when he established a new military post at Chickasaw Bluffs in 1795.\nThe new fortifications aside, Gayoso believed that the primary defense of Louisiana lay not in expensive permanent forts, but in the willingness of Natchez settlers to defend their homes and plantations. Louisiana had a regular battalion of infantry—at least on paper (in fact, the battalion was never at full strength despite recruiting efforts in Mexico and emptying out all the jails in the Spanish empire). Gayoso persuaded Carondelet to organize a real militia, though Carondelet was mistrustful of the French settlers in Natchez and was reluctant to give them too much leeway. Gayoso persevered, and by the fall of 1793, he had organized two companies of infantry, two of cavalry, and one of artillery for Natchez.”\nGayoso de Lemos continued to encourage American settlement on Spanish soil, especially by Catholics, notably the Irish and the Scots, and those who brought significant property. He moved the administrative part of the town of Natchez from the waterfront up onto the bluffs. One of the most troubling aspects during his civil administration was confusion in the land titles, with a number of inconsistent land grants. Unfortunately, Rodríguez Miró’s successor, Governor-General Carondelet was not amenable to rectifying the problem.\nWhile in Natchez, Gayoso de Lemos used Americans freebooters, notably General James Wilkinson and Philip Nolan to help limit the growth of the United States. Also to this end, Gayoso de Lemos entered into alliances with the local Indian tribes and signed formal treaties with them in 1792, 1793, and 1795. Under his direction the Spanish fortified the Mississippi at Nogales (later Walnut Hills, then later changed to Vicksburg) and Chickasaw Bluffs (later Memphis). He was instrumental in acquiring the information from James Wilkinson concerning the proposed US attack on New Orleans in 1793 by General George Rogers Clark.\nSeveral years after the death of his wife, Elizabeth, Gayoso began courting the younger sister of his second wife, Margaret Cyrilla Watts. However, the road to matrimony was far from smooth. When Gayoso sailed north to New Madrid in 1795 (where he happened to run into young William Clark), ugly rumors circulated to the effect that he was keeping a mistress there, had built a house for her, and intended to marry her. Governor Carondelet heard the rumors and was disturbed enough to write to Gayoso, reminding him that it was common knowledge that he had “lived as a husband” to Margaret Watts in Natchez and that if he didn’t behave himself, he was going to get in trouble with the Bishop of New Orleans.\nGayoso finally requested a royal license to marry Margaret in early 1796. Carondelet forwarded the paperwork through the captain-general of Cuba to the secretary of war. Official permission was not forthcoming until March 1797, by which time Margaret was noticeably pregnant. Concerned about their status, Gayoso asked Carondelet to grant interim permission, which he declined to do.\nOn July 14, 1797, Margaret gave birth to a healthy son, whom they named Fernando. When the Gayosos went to New Orleans later that year, an interesting religious ceremony took place, in which the Bishop baptized young Fernando and married his parents.\nUnder the terms of Pinckney’s Treaty promulgated in 1796, Spain agreed to relinquish the Natchez District to the United States. Thus Gayoso de Lemos oversaw the gradual Spanish withdrawal from the east-side of the middle Mississippi. In March 1797 the fort at Nogales was decommissioned with the troops and stores being moved to St. Louis.\nGayoso de Lemos succeeded Carondelet as Governor-General of Louisiana and West Florida on Aug 5, 1797 and Minor briefly served as acting governor until the Spanish evacuated Natchez prior to April of 1798, when the Mississippi Territory was created by the United States Congress.\nGayoso died of yellow fever in Louisiana in 1799. Unkind gossips claimed that hard drinking with a visiting American general who was associated with several scandals and controversies — James Wilkinson—was a contributing factor.\nWilkinson served in the Continental Army, ,but was twice compelled to resign. He was twice the Commanding General of the United States Army, appointed first Governor of the Louisiana Territory in 1805, and commanded two unsuccessful campaigns in the St. Lawrence theater during the War of 1812. After his death, he was discovered to have been a paid agent of the Spanish Crown. Traitor extraordinaire James Wilkinson should be better known. I’m pretty well versed in American history and today is the first I’ve heard of him..\n(See the Spanish Conspiracy by Frances Hunter. I wonder if Stephen Minor assisted his mentor Manuel Gayoso in his undercover work. Maybe he led the 300 Natchez militiamen deployed to New Orleans in 1793 to help defend the port against “the Jacobin menace.” )\nMississippi Territory (1798 – 1817)\nMinor was next appointed as one of the Spanish commissioners responsible for establishing the boundary between Florida and the United States during 1798 and 1799, running the lines between Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. He was in command of the Spanish forces in Vidalia, Louisiana, across the river from Natchez, when the United States acquired this territory with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Minor was also a Spanish boundary commissioner for Louisiana during 1804 and 1805.\nOwning plantations on Sandy and Second creeks in Adams County, Minor initially produced indigo and tobacco. Following the example of Governor Gayoso, he began planting cotton around 1795, and by 1797, just one of his plantations was yielding twenty-five hundred bales of cotton annually. Minor also owned forty thousand acres of land east of the Pearl River in Louisiana.\nStephen Minor purchased Concord, the former residence and plantation of Governor Gayoso, after the latter departed Natchez.\nOver fifty years later, in its December 1850 session, the US Supreme Court affirmed the validity of Minor’s title to Concordia. At issue was whether Gayoso gave Concordia to his second wife Margarett Watts to use as she pleased or whether Gayosa’s infant son Fernando should have inherited. Also at issue was how the 1802 contract between the United States and Georgia and the 1803 Congressional Act regulating land grants south of Tennessee should be applied to this case. You can read the arguments and the decision here.\nStephen Minor Portrait – By Edith Flisher, ca. 1900-1905 — A copy of William Edward West’s 1809 painting, with a transformation of a blue coat into this red\nSome Interesting Events in Stephen’s Timeline\nIn 1788, Stephen Minor sold 300 acres to the Spanish government which included the bluff property. Manuel Gayoso de Lemos “drew a line from Front Street, facing the bluffs, and forbade the granting of lots west of it.”\nNatchez Bluff Park\nFrom 1804 to 1806, Congress was involved in a dispute over the bluff property involving 30 acres, which was eventually provided the Town of Natchez. In 1804 the (Natchez) Common Council fell into legal controversy with the aristocrat-controlled Board of Trustees of Jefferson College in Washington over the college’s claim to the public square and the commons in Natchez. In 1803 the United States Congress granted the college, for revenue purposes, two lots in Natchez and thirty acres of federal property in the city, with the tracts to be picked by the governor. Despite loud cries of protest from the Natchez officials, Gov. C.C. Claiborne chose two lots on the public square, and Cato West, acting governor of the Mississippi Territory in 1803, picked as the thirty-acre site the city commons on the bluff…The issue was not settled until 1816 when the city ‘won permanent and clear title to the tracts’.\nAt noon Thursday, May 11, 1797, [Concordia Sentinel by Stanley Nelson] Englishman Francis Baily, the 21-year-old son of a London banker, arrived in Natchez on a flatboat loaded with flour. This was a tense time in Natchez country history — the Spanish flag was flying over Fort Panmure (Rosalie) and the American flag flying over Liberty Hill a few hundred yards to the north where the House on Ellicott Hill sits today. A treaty had transferred possession of Natchez to the Americans, but the Spanish had yet to leave town, causing great tension. Much excitement was also in the air over cotton, a crop which was transforming the economic fortunes of the region, triggered by the invention of Eli Whitney’s saw gin.”There is a great deal of cotton raised in this district,” Baily wrote in his journal, which was later published in a book. “There are several jennies erected…in order to extricate the seed from the cotton.” On the bank of the Mississippi River at Natchez, Baily observed one gin owned by Stephen Minor and his partner that was “worked by two horses, which will give 500 lbs. of clear cotton in a day.”\nNot long after inspecting Minor’s gin on the river bank, Bailey prepared to take off for New Orleans. When the owners of the flatboat that transported Baily to Natchez sold their flour, the owner and crew headed back home through the wilderness along what became known as the Natchez Trace.\nBailey found a ride south on another flatboat, owned by a Mr. Douglass, “laden with cotton” bought at Natchez. Baily said the cotton was loaded into bags weighing about 200 pounds each and that the flatboat held an estimated 250 bags, about 25 tons. Douglass charged farmers and merchants an average of $1.50 per bag of cotton, garnering him a fee of about $375 for the entire shipment.\nThe flatboat was the only really serviceable type of river craft, for it would go where there was water enough for a muskrat to swim in, would glide unscathed over the concealed snag or, thrusting its corner into the soft mud of some protruding bank, swing around and go on as well stern first as before. The flatboat was the sum of human ingenuity applied to river navigation. Even (keeled) barges were proving failures and passing into disuse, as the cost of poling them upstream was greater than any profit to be reaped from the voyage.\n1800-1810 – When Natchez lawyer, judge, Congressman and finally Senator George Poindexter, a man often embroiled in controversy, challenged Minor to a duel in the early 1800s for some alleged slight, Natchez citizens thought he was insane. One friend advised Poindexter to back off, noting, “You must look to him (Minor). Whatever Major Minor states, upon his honor, you, and every other gentleman, are bound to accept.”\nPoindexter was involved in two other shootings. When former U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr was arrested in 1807 for the alleged Burr conspiracy, Poindexter conducted the prosecution until Burr’s escape from custody. Poindexter’s outspoken opposition to the Federalist Party resulted in criticisms from merchant Abijah Hunt, possibly the richest man in Mississippi Territory.\nGeorge Poindexter – US Senator from Mississippi – was bi-polar and a binge drinker. Quick tempered, Poindexter often clashed with adversaries and often challenged others to duels.\nWhen Hunt criticized him, Poindexter challenged Hunt to a duel and the quick moving affair ended up on the dueling grounds of Concordia on the plantation known as Palo Alto, located about a mile north of the Post of Concord (Vidalia) and owned by Stephen Minor of Natchez. Poindexter killed Hunt resulting in controversy and unsubstantiated claims that accused Poindexter of firing prematurely.\nIn 1834 when he was President pro tempore of the Senate, Poindexter had his Washington, D.C. home painted by Richard Lawrence. Lawrence, a deranged man, thought he was the ruler of England and the United States and that Andrew Jackson was a usurper. In Jan 1835 Lawrence shot at Jackson with two pistols while the President was attending a memorial service for a Congressman at the House of Representatives. It was the first attempt to assassinate a President. Jackson accused various political enemies as being behind Lawrence. Among them was Poindexter, who denied any connection except for the painting. But the accusations followed Poindexter back to Mississippi. He was unsuccessful for a second term.\nThe Yellow Duchess\nAnother Yellow Duchess\nStephen Minor’s wife Katherine Lintot was known as “The Yellow Duchess” . She is buried under the massive tomb to the left and her husband is buried next to her under the “table top” tombstone. She was known as the “Yellow Duchess” because of her fondness for the color yellow. Everything she owned was yellow. Including her clothes, carriage and furniture. She even had a flower garden full of yellow roses. She insisted that her horses be Palominos, and her slaves mulatto. Being of Spanish Royalty she had very great wealth and it is said she was buried with much of her gold. Therefore a massive structure was placed over her grave to prevent grave robbery. But no, she did not die of Yellow Fever – a disease that took many lives in Natchez.\nKatherine is buried under the massive tomb to the left and Stephen is buried next to her under the “table top” tombstone.It is said that the Yellow Dutchess was buried with much of her gold and this massive structure was placed to prevent grave robbery. – Natchez City Cemetery\nPhilip Nolan Jr.\nKatherine’s sister Fanny, married Philip Nolan, Sr. (wiki), who lost hits life while on an illegal horse hunting expedition at the site of present-day Waco, Texas, in 1797. His infant son, Philip, Jr., was reared by Stephen Minor. Philip Nolan, Jr., apparently lived out his life using the surname of his Uncle Stephen Minor. It was Philip, Jr., who built Linwood Plantation (circa 1840 to 1939) near Ashland (1841- ), the plantation home of Stephen’s grandson Duncan F. Kenner in Ascension Parish, Louisiana.\nPhilip Nolan (1771 Belfast, Ireland– 21 Mar 1801 Hill County) was a horse-trader and freebooter in Natchez, on the Mississippi River, and the Spanish province of Tejas (Aka Texas).\nHe is not to be confused with the fictional Philip Nolan of “The Man Without a Country” by Edward Everett Hale whose background was only loosely based on the real Philip Nolan’s exploits. Hale had intended to make his fictional character Philip Nolan’s brother, but, misremembering the real Nolan’s name as “Nathaniel”, named his character “Philip” (the apostles Philip and Nathaniel being frequently mentioned together in the New Testament). In editions printed after Hale discovered his mistake, the word “brother” was therefore changed to “cousin”, and Hale wrote The Real Philip Nolan by way of atonement.\nAt the age of fifteen, Nolan went to work for the Kentucky and Louisiana entrepreneur James Wilkinson as his business secretary and bookkeeper (1788–1791). He handled much of Wilkinson’s New Orleans trade and became conversant in Spanish. During this time, he became acquainted with Manuel Luis Gayoso the district governor for Natchez.\nIn 1791, using the influence of Wilkinson, Nolan obtained a trading passport from the Spanish governor of Louisiana and West Florida, Esteban Rodríguez Miró. He left Wilkinson’s employ and set out to trade with the Indian tribes across the Mississippi. This trade was not legitimate, but was perhaps winked at by the Spanish authorities. The passport was void in Texas, and his goods were confiscated by Spanish authorities. Nonetheless, and after living with the Indians for two years, Nolan returned to New Orleans with fifty horses.\nHe made a second trip to Texas in 1794-1795, with a passport from the Louisiana governor. He made acquaintance with Texas Governor Manuel Muñoz and the commandant general of the Provincias Internas, Pedro de Nava. It was on this trip that he met his first wife. This time he brought back 250 horses.\nIn 1796, Nolan worked for Andrew Ellicott, boundary commissioner for the United States who was mapping up the Missouri River. [Stephen Minor had previously worked with Ellicott mapping the border between Florida and the Mississippi Territory. ] Governor Gayoso de Lemos was not pleased when Nolan arrived at Natchez accompanied by the surveying party.\nBut Nolan managed to patch things up, at least with Governor Carondelet in New Orleans, and obtained a third passport to enter Texas, despite the fact that trade directly between Louisiana and Texas was still officially prohibited by Spain. Gayoso de Lemos was not fooled. He wrote directly to the viceroy of Mexico, warning him against foreigners (such as Nolan) who were stirring up the Texas Indians against Spanish rule.\nIn the summer of 1797, Nolan left on his third trip to Texas with a wagon train of trade goods, which he successfully brought to La Villa de San Fernando de Béxar, Spanish Texas (now San Antonio, the seat of Bexar County), where he insinuated himself in Spanish Texas society and married. Commandant General Pedro de Nava was ordered by the viceroy not to deal with Nolan, but Governor Muñoz defended Nolan and provided him with safe conduct out of Texas. Nolan left his wife and daughter in Texas and came back to Natchez in the autumn of 1799 with more than 1,200 horses.\nNolan is sometimes credited with being the first to map Texas for the American frontiersmen, but his map has never been found. Nonetheless, his observations were passed on to Wilkinson, who used them to produce his map of the Texas-Louisiana frontier in 1804.\nPhilip Nolan was married twice, first to Maria Gertrudis Dolores Quiñones, with whom he had a daughter, Maria Josefa Nolan, born August 20, 1798, in what is now San Antonio. Philip was separated from Maria by, at least, July 1800. He also married the former Frances “Fanny” Lintot, the daughter of Bernard Lintot, a prominent Natchez citizen, on December 19, 1799. Frances bore him a son Philip Nolan, Jr., in July 1801, after he had left on his fourth and final trip to Texas.\nNolan was unable to obtain any more passports from the Spanish authorities. He conceived or borrowed a scheme to go illegally into Texas and perhaps other Mexican provinces. There is considerable dispute about the exact nature of this filibustering expedition; some claim that he promised his men that they would seize riches and land and create a kingdom for themselves. Nonetheless, he convinced some thirty frontiersmen that the expedition would make them rich. They crossed the border in October 1800 and headed north of Nacogdoches to capture wild mustangs. The Spanish soon heard of their activities, and Pedro de Nava ordered their arrest.\nOn March 21, 1801, a Spanish force of 120 men under the command of Lieutenant M. Múzquiz left Nacogdoches in pursuit of Nolan, whom they encountered entrenched and unwilling to surrender just upstream from where the current Nolan River flows into the larger Brazos (now in Hill County, Texas). Several of Nolan’s men surrendered immediately to the Spanish and after Nolan was killed, the remainder yielded. Nolan’s ears were cut off as evidence for Spain that he was dead. The first-hand account of the expedition, capture and subsequent imprisonment is contained in the Memoirs of Ellis P. Bean, who was second in command of the expedition. Also see this account of the Adventures of Philip Nolan and Ellis P. Bean from a history of Texas.\nConcord in Ruins\nConcord was first the residence of Stephen Minor’s friend, the first Spanish Governor, Don Manuel Gayoso de Lemos, who built the house in 1794. Gayoso filled his mansion with ornate furniture imported from Spain and Santo Domingo, spent wildly and entertained lavishly. A friend described Gayoso during this time as “of high stature, and stoutly built,” and added, “he was fond of horses, of good cheer and madeira.” He owned matched bay horses, and a black and a roan. In 1799, he ordered a special “elastic jacket, which is very convenient apparel for a corpulent person to ride on horse back.”\nTo his beautiful home, Gayoso brought his second wife, an American beauty named Elizabeth Watts, in April 1792. Unfortunately, Elizabeth contracted a fever and died within three months of their marriage. A curious legend sprang up that the grief-stricken governor kept his dead wife in a tub filled with embalming fluid on the second story of Concord.\nGayoso’s mansion, “Concord,” was the social and political center of Natchez. A lady who remembered the mansion as a young girl gave this description:\nThe very first sight of the house, seen through a long vista of noble trees, as you enter the gate, forms a splendid picture. About half way from the gate is a large pond surrounded by gnarled old cedars, after which the road branches into two, on each side of an extensive sloping lawn, and the end of the delightful drive brings us to the house itself.\nBuilt of brick with walls fully two feet thick, there is an air of massiveness and solidity about this grand old house that gives promise of centuries of useful existence before it shall succumb to the leveling hand of time.\nOn the ground floor a broad gallery paved with brick completely circles the house, and lofty pillars reaching to the roof support another broad gallery upon which all the second story rooms open. These pillars are about four feet in diameter, made of brick covered with mortar, which gives them the appearance of stone. Two winding flights of stairs, one on each side of the entrance, made of the purest white marble, lead from the ground to the upper gallery, where they meet in a solid slab of snow white marble about six feet wide and ten feet long … A vestibule paved with alternate squares of black and white marble, after the houses of Pompeii, leads through the richly carved front door into a broad hall extending the full length of the house.\nAfter Gayoso de Lemos became Governor-General of Louisiana, he sold the house to Stephen Minor, who took over his former post. The Minor family moved after the Civil War and the home fell into a long period of deterioration. It burned in 1901, just as new owners made plans to refurbish it\nConcord Natchez burned in 1901. This postcard contains the only known photo\nThe original house resembled Ellicott’s Hill, with a front gallery under the main roof. Later in the 1810s, under the ownership of Steven Minor, the distinctive classical portico and side galleries were added, possibly designed by Levi Weeks, the architect of Auburn (1812), a Natchez mansion thought to be the first use of the classical orders in the form of “white columns” we’ve all come to associate with the antebellum South. Many early authors assumed Concord’s portico was original and thus ascribed a level of sophistication to the Spanish period that really came later in the American period.\nThe Mississippian created his own architecture; his slave labor was unskilled, his models no more than pictures or memories; his real pattern was the Spanish. The result was the fusion of styles found at Natchez, predominantly Georgian in character, with columns and pediments relieved by the sloping roofs and galleries that broke across the classic fronts. In Concord, the former home of the Spanish governors at Natchez, which burned in 1901, this fusion probably reached its finest expression. The great columns that gave distinction to the building sprang from the earth itself. The lower story was extended to the face of the upper verandah, whose slender balustrade and smaller piazza posts were deeply recessed under the eaves of the light roof. The effect was Spanish West Indian as much as Greek.\nPlan of Concord 1 – Mississippi Dept. of Archives and History Catalog\nMississippi State Archives\nPlan of Concord 2\nNevertheless, the house was important both architecturally and historically, and was seen as such before it burned, as you can see below.\nFirst Mansion Built in the State\nGives Way to the Fire\nERECTED BY GRAND PRE IN 1789\nMarble Mantels and Cornices from\nSpain–Nothing Left but\na Memory\nConcord Ruins 1940\nAnother grand old ante-bellum mansion, one of the many that have made this section famous, lies in ruins, a victim of the fire fiend. The mansion in question is the historic old “Concord,” built by the Spanish Governor, Carlos de Grand Pre, in 1789, who was commandant here from 1786 to 1792.\nIt was then known as “Grand Pre.” In 1792 Don Manuel Gayosa de Lemos succeeded Governor Grand Pre and he changed the name of the mansion to “Concord.” In 1798 Stephen Minor succeeded Governor Gayosa and occupied “Concord.” The mansion remained as the property of the Minors until some years ago when it was sold to Dr. Stephen Kelly, president of the Fifth National bank of New York, but formerly of this city.\nAs fate would have it, Dr. Kelly’s son arrived in Natchez day before yesterday on his bridal tour and is now occupying “Melrose,” another old ante-bellum mansion of the Kelly estate.\nConcord is in a large grove and was built of brick with a large wide gallery extending around the four sides. A double stone staircase leads from the grand driveway to the second floor. The mantels were of marble quarried in Spain and brought here for Grand Pre.\nOne of the historical incidents mentioned in connection with Concord is the story that in the old library at “Concord” Aaron Burr endeavored to persuade Governor Minor to co-operate with him in his nefarious plot against the Federal Government.\nAfter Burr left the Vice-Presidency at the end of his term in 1805, he journeyed into what was then the West, areas west of the Allegheny Mountains, particularly the Ohio River Valley and the lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase drumming up support for his plans. Burr had leased 40,000 acres of land (known as the Bastrop Tract) along the Ouachita River, in what is now Louisiana, from the Spanish government.\nAaron Burr (1756 – 1836)\nHis most important contact was General James Wilkinson, Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Army at New Orleans and Governor of the Louisiana Territory. Others included Harman Blennerhassett, who offered the use of his private island for training and outfitting Burr’s expedition. Wilkinson was later proved to be a bad choice.\nBurr saw war with Spain as a distinct possibility. In case of a war declaration, Andrew Jackson stood ready to help Burr, who would be in position to immediately join in. Burr’s expedition of about eighty men carried modest arms for hunting, and no materiel was ever revealed, even when Blennerhassett Island was seized by Ohio militia. His “conspiracy”, he always avowed, was that if he settled there with a large group of (armed) “farmers” and war broke out, he would have an army with which to fight and claim land for himself, thus recouping his fortunes. However, the 1819 Adams-Onís Treaty secured Florida for the United States without a fight, and war in Texas didn’t occur until 1836, the year of Burr’s death.\nAfter a near-incident with Spanish forces at Natchitoches, Wilkinson decided he could best serve his conflicting interests by betraying Burr’s plans to President Jefferson and to his Spanish paymasters. Jefferson issued an order for Burr’s arrest, declaring him a traitor even before an indictment. Burr read this in a newspaper in the Territory of Orleans on Jan 10, 1807. Jefferson’s warrant put Federal agents on his trail. He turned himself in to the Federal authorities twice. Two judges found his actions legal and released him. Jefferson’s warrant, however, followed Burr, who then fled toward Spanish Florida; he was intercepted at Wakefield, in Mississippi Territory (now in the state of Alabama) on Feb 19 1807, and confined to Fort Stoddert after being arrested on charges of treason.\nBurr’s secret correspondence with Anthony Merry and the Marquis of Casa Yrujo, the British and Spanish ministers at Washington, was eventually revealed. It had been to secure money and to conceal his real designs, which were to help Mexico to overthrow Spanish power in the Southwest, and to found a dynasty in what would have become former Mexican territory. This was a misdemeanor, based on the Neutrality Act of 1794 passed to block filibuster expeditions like those questionable enterprises of George Rogers Clark and William Blount. Jefferson, however, sought the highest charges against Burr.\nIn 1807, on a charge of treason, Burr was brought to trial before the United States Circuit Court at Richmond, Virginia. His defense lawyers included Edmund Randolph, John Wickham and Luther Martin. Burr was arraigned four times for treason before a grand jury indicted him. This was surprising since the only physical evidence presented to the Grand Jury was Wilkinson’s so-called letter from Burr which proposed the idea of stealing land in the Louisiana Purchase. During the Jury’s examination it was discovered that the letter was written in Wilkinson’s own handwriting – a “copy,” he said, because he had “lost” the original. The Grand Jury threw the letter out, and the news made a laughingstock of the General for the rest of the proceedings. The trial, presided over by Chief Justice of the United States John Marshall, began on August 3.\nArticle 3, Section 3 of the United States Constitution requires that treason either be admitted in open court, or proved by an overt act witnessed by two people. Since no two witnesses came forward, Burr was acquitted on September 1, in spite of the full force of the Jefferson administration’s political influence thrown against him. Immediately afterward, he was tried on a more appropriate misdemeanor charge, but was again acquitted.\nConcord Natchez prior to 1901\nAmong the noted men who have been entertained at “Concord” were General Anthony Wayne, General Lafayette, Jefferson Davis, Aaron Burr and Winthrop Sargent, the first territorial governor of the Mississippi Territory,\nMississippi Territory ~~ Winthrop Sargent ~Issue of 1948\nThe entertainments at Concord were the most famous and lavish ever given in this section, even in the days when regal splendor was the order at all the social divertissements of the upper ten.\nOf late years the place has been occupied by Mr. Herman Stier, a well known and prosperous meat butcher.\nA few months ago “Concord” was the scene of a magnificent “country ball” given by the Duke and Duchess of Manchester. It was a reminder of the old time social festivals at “Concord” and was largely attended. It was a brilliant affair and made a suitable fluis to the social chapter in the history of “Concord.”\nIt was just after the town clocks struck the hour of 12 yesterday afternoon that the alarm was turned in. Though “Concord” was a mile beyond city limits the volunteer department hastened to respond. The firemen performed heroic work, but they were dependent upon a few cisterns for their water supply, which was very poor indeed. The old mansion was doomed.\nThe firemen assisted by numerous citizens directed their first efforts to saving the furniture in the building and succeeded in their endeavors.\nSeveral of the rich marble mantels that were brought from Spain to add their splendid beauty to the magnificence of “Concord” were taken out before the roof caved in, but some were broken and will be of little use, save as mementoes of the famous mansion.\nAfter the fire had played its part the relic hunters picked up small pieces of blackened stone broken from the cornices, also a product of Spanish stone quarries.\nThe value of the building was beyond estimate. In historic interest its value was beyond price, as its was easily the most famous of all antebellum mansions.\nIt was insured for $2500 through the Metcalfe Insurance Agency and $2500 through Major John Rawle’s insurance agency, making a total of $5000.\nFor their story, see my post Stephen Minor’s Children – Decadent Unionists\nhttp://trees.ancestry.com/owt/person.aspx?pid=6634379\nMinor Family Papers – Mississippi Dept of Archives and Records\nhttp://for-natchez.org/history.html\nhttp://misspreservation.com/2010/05/04/lost-mississippi-concord-natchez-1789-1901/\nhttp://www.concordiasentinel.com/news.php?id=4701\nhttp://www.natchezcitycemetery.com/custom/webpage.cfm?content=Gallery&id=8\nWilliam J. Minor and Family Papers -LSU Library\nhttp://franceshunter.wordpress.com/2010/03/31/the-sins-of-manuel-gayoso/\nThis entry was posted in Artistic Representation, Historical Site, Immigrant - North America, Line - Miner, Pioneer, Public Office, Storied, Veteran. Bookmark the permalink.\n11 Responses to Stephen Minor – Last Spanish Governor of Natchez\nPingback: Lt. William Miner | Miner Descent\nEllis Grist says:\nI do not recall being related…\nJeany Minor says:\nYou definitely said it right because your family name obviously suggested it.\nPingback: Steven Minor’s Children – Decadent Unionists | Miner Descent\nPingback: Stephen Minor’s Children – Decadent Unionists | Miner Descent\nPingback: Stephen Minor’s Children – Unionist Planters | Miner Descent\nFrances Hunter says:\nAmazingly thorough post! Great history here. This period of early American history is a delightful rabbit hole of heroes and scoundrels — often embodied in the same individuals. I really enjoyed your blog!\nPhyllis Minor Kenner Tully says:\nI thought that you might be interested in a few tidbits of information handed down from my side of the family descended through Mary Minor. I don’t know if any are valid. Stephen Minor was married 3 times to Anna Bingaman, Martha Ellis, and Katherine Linot. Mary Minor was the daughter of Martha Ellis and was said to have had a twin sister who died in infancy. Mary was married at such an early age to William Kenner that it has been theorized that Katherine might have wanted her step daughter out of the house. Mary had her first of 6 children at 14 and was dead by age 28. William was left with a very young family and did not remarry. It is thought that some of the children were sent to Natchez to be “taken in” for extended periods by family there. William was in the transporting business, had met Mary through his business with Stephen, and would have been able to get to Natchez on one of his boats to visit them.\nmarkeminer says:\nHi Phyllis,\nThanks for sharing Mary’s story. I included on https://minerdescent.com/2013/01/25/stephen-minor-children-unionist-slave-owners/ These Minors are my cousins, not my direct ancestors, but I found their story of moving from the North to the South very interesting. I stayed in Kenner once when I visited New Orleans. My only other Southern ancestors were Scotch/Irish who followed their minister from Northern Ireland to South Carolina, fought in the Revolution and then a generation later followed another minister to Ohio.\ng9commodity says:\nDear Mark,\nI am working on a research project and have been trying to track down the location of the William Edward West portrait of Stephen Minor. Any information you could give me would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!\nWilliam Holman","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1715792"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.625380277633667,"wiki_prob":0.374619722366333,"text":"Ultimate Privacy\nThere are many privacy guides out there. But almost all of them have flaws.\nThe New Oil, for example, criticizes proprietary software, then goes on to recommend it for a VOIP number.\nThere's PrivacyTools, who says that Firefox respects your privacy, only to then go on and ask you to adjust the settings.\nAnd GoFOSS Today does basically the same thing, claiming that Firefox is a \"safe and private browser\", before going on to list all the things you have to do to harden it.\nThough, one thing they all have in common is that they all provide you a reason to stay private.\nOver the last 16 months, as I've debated this issue around the world, every single time somebody has said to me, \"I don't really worry about invasions of privacy because I don't have anything to hide.\" I always say the same thing to them. I get out a pen, I write down my email address. I say, \"Here's my email address. What I want you to do when you get home is email me the passwords to all of your email accounts, not just the nice, respectable work one in your name, but all of them, because I want to be able to just troll through what it is you're doing online, read what I want to read and publish whatever I find interesting. After all, if you're not a bad person, if you're doing nothing wrong, you should have nothing to hide.\" Not a single person has taken me up on that offer. (Gleen Greenwald, Why privacy matters)\nBig Tech excels at turning users into a product. Private data is a key ingredient to their business model, which is usually build around \"free\" services, lock-in, tracking and ad targeting. Google and Facebook have been most successful at this game. And while Apple, Amazon and Microsoft have not (entirely) built their business around spying, they are far from being on the side of privacy. In fact, they hugely benefit from doing business with data brokers and privacy offenders. All five companies — often called the \"Big Five\" or \"Big Tech\" — regularly face allegations or are condemned for tax avoidance, antitrust concerns, erosion of ethical standards, reported labor abuses, and so on. (Don Atoms, How Big Tech became a global economic force)\n[T]echnology has its bad side too. In the current world, it is controlled by organizations who do not have our best interests in mind. They will not hesitate to use technology's great power against us. Spying on, and analyzing, our communication; control of the information we receive; emotional manipulation; modification of behavior - those are just a few things technology is being used for these days. All that with more coverage, accuracy, effectiveness and with less human effort. If this \"progress\" is not stopped, we will end up in a prison that we wouldn't find in our worst nightmares. (Dig Deeper, Technological Slavery)\nIt may sound paranoid, but it's actually proven that entire companies exist simply to collect your data and build profiles on you, and in their minds the ends will always justify the means. Often they collect data in ways that range from questionable to blatantly illegal, collecting information that no one would knowingly consent to. This massive trove of data is regularly abused. For example, in 2019 the Egyptian government tracked opponents and activists through phone apps, the the Moroccan government spied on the phones of human rights defenders, and the Chinese government hacked Asian telecommunications companies to spy on the Uighur, a minority Muslim ethnic group living in China. (Nate Bartram, The New Oil)\nUltimately, saying that you don't care about privacy because you have nothing to hide is no different from saying you don't care about freedom of speech because you have nothing to say. Or that you don't care about freedom of the press because you don't like to read. Or that you don't care about freedom of religion because you don't believe in God. Or that you don't care about the freedom to peacably assemble because you're a lazy, antisocial agoraphobe. (Edward Snowden, Permanent Record)\nMy goal is to provide a guide that is consistent, and recommends software that is private, secure, anonymous, free (as in freedom), and low cost. Some software may not meet all of these qualities, in which case I will provide a disclaimer. This is because we live in an imperfect society. This guide is not perfect, and it is almost certainly not a panacea. Anyone claiming that their guide will make you completely undetectable is lying to you. I am saying this now to prevent any contradictions in the future.\nNext Page: Definitions","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1655307"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5708044171333313,"wiki_prob":0.5708044171333313,"text":"Women of the wild west come to blazing life in Lesley Poling-Kempes' extraordinary Ladies of the Canyons: A League of Extraordinary Women and Their Adventures in the American Southwest.\nFirst, are the rave reviews:\n“Considered spinsters back East, both Curtis and Stanley married younger men out West. Curtis wed Paul Burlin, a promising painter (her Greenwich Village mother disapproved of his Jewishness); Stanley eloped with a cowboy. It would be nice to freeze-frame here, with everyone getting what they wanted, freedom and fulfillment and happiness. But time rides on, some must leave the desert forever, and fortunes are lost . . . Poling-Kempes has done an admirable job scouring archives for these women, who have been largely left out of the historical record of the West. It's a kind of prequel to our common history of the Southwest, peopled by women with long skirts and cinched waists in the desert heat, riding cowboy style, trying to do right by the land they all loved.” Carolyn Kellogg, Los Angeles Times\n“Part Willa Cather, part Thelma and Louise here is a story of heroines, of mischief-makers and epic-builders told by a writer who knows and loves the grand landscapes on which these larger-than-life women left their indelible mark.” Hampton Sides (In the Kingdom of Ice; Blood and Thunder)\nLadies of the Canyon is an astonishing look into lives lived well, with courage and a sense of destiny, too. Lesley is the recipient of the 2014 Willa Literary Award for Contemporary Fiction for her novel Bone Horses. She is also the author of Canyon of Remembering, Valley of Shining Stone: The Story of Abiquiu, The Harvey Girls: Women who Opened the west, Ghost Ranch, and is the winner of the 2005 Independent PUblisher Book Awards for Georgia O'Keefee & New Mexico\nI'm honored to host author Lesley Poling-Kempes here. Thank you Lesley!\nHow did you come up with the idea for this book?\nI began to think about this book more than ten years ago. I was writing and researching a book about Ghost Ranch. Everyone knows that Ghost Ranch was the beloved home of American painter Georgia O’Keeffe. What no one knew was that Ghost Ranch was created, even named, by a woman from Boston, Carol Bishop Stanley, a fifty-something-year-old divorcee who in 1931 bravely moved into a dilapidated homestead in a remote New Mexico canyon once inhabited by outlaws. The challenges she faced as a single woman in the outback of the Colorado Plateau are impossible to overstate. Without Stanley’s bold choice to build a guest ranch on the high desert north of Abiquiu, O’Keeffe’s life and work at Ghost Ranch would never have happened. I was curious about this educated woman from Boston who had gone missing in history.\nStanley actually arrived in the Southwest in 1915. Her story began on the tiny island of Nahant in Massachusetts Bay in the 1870s and expanded across the United States and to Europe in the stories of her extraordinary group of women friends who came into the American Southwest in the first decades of the 20th century. My book grew to be the story of four remarkable women – Natalie Curtis of Greenwich Village, Alice Klauber of San Diego, Mary Cabot Wheelwright of Beacon Hill Boston, and Carol Stanley. Each of them, and their circle of friends, left lasting legacies in the American West. They would never have referred to themselves as emancipated “New Women” but in fact, their lives blazed a trail for generations of women and men to follow.\nNatalie Curtis left her family’s home on Washington Square in 1903 and with her brother moved to California. A classically educated and accomplished concert pianist, after traveling through Indian Country Natalie’s self–appointed task became the recording and preserving of Native American music. President Theodore Roosevelt sanctioned Natalie’s work and made her an unofficial advisor regarding Indian affairs. Roosevelt wrote an introduction to Curtis’s “The Indians’ Book” published in 1907. Their friendship lasted two decades and included a horseback expedition rendezvous at the Hopi Snake Dance (reminiscent of a Zane Grey novel) at the pueblo of Walpi in the summer of 1913.\nBoston Brahmin Mary Cabot Wheelwright came to the Southwest in her 40s after her parents died and found her life’s purpose. Wheelwright won the trust of the great Navajo medicine man Hostiin Klah and spent a decade recording his vast knowledge of Navajo chants, stories and sacred rituals. Their collection became the foundation of the Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian in Santa Fe.\nCalifornia native Alice Klauber came to Santa Fe with Curtis and Stanley in 1916. A painter who traveled Europe with Robert Henri and William Merritt Chase, Klauber was childhood friends with Gertrude Stein and frequented Stein and her brother Leo’s salon in Paris before World War One. Klauber introduced European and American modern art to Southern California when she and Henri curated the opening exhibition at Balboa Park in 1915.\nWhat surprised you most in the course of your research?\nI was surprised that these adventurous, creative, boundary-pushing women who had contributed so much to the art and music communities of the American West, who had introduced Anglo America to Native America, who had forged their way into the frontier of the modern age, could be so unknown. Forgotten. Of course, women in their time – 1900 until the 1930s – did not seek nor expect recognition for their accomplishments beyond the home. I really oughtn’t to have been surprised. Only headliners like O’Keeffe and Mabel Dodge Luhan have name recognition in the Southwest. O’Keeffe and Luhan believed they were special – and they were – and they made sure everyone else knew they were special, too.\nThe women in my book did not think of themselves as extraordinary although they likely would have admitted to a restless curiosity about the world and themselves that was not befitting of a proper Victorian woman. Each had to create a new image of themselves as a woman in the exotic landscape of the American West. As I wrote in the book’s prologue, theirs is the story of New Women stepping bravely into the New World, of Anglo America waking up to Native America, of inconspicuous success and ambitious failure.\n“I just plain love these women. I want to go riding with them; I want to learn from them; I want to sit under the stars with them for just one night - please? There were misadventures, hardships and tragedies in their lives, but I won't be the spoiler here. Read the book to find out about the poker game, the alcoholism, the accident. But you also will learn about the hard work these women put into their new lives and the respect they shared for this wide-open world and its people.” Laura Tolley, Houston Chronicle\nLaura Tolley’s comments are echoed by women – and men – at every reading and book event I have done this fall. The true life victories and defeats of these ladies of the canyons seem to resonate in our times, perhaps because we as a society still lack stories of strong resilient women, and seek role models from the past to affirm our own journeys toward creative and person independenc\nPosted by Caroline at 4:47 PM\nwelcome to my obsessive world\nTransformation. Mystery. Madness. The whole nature...\nR. D. Vincent talks about being a Pulpwood Queens ...\nStory Structure for the Novel: Or, Why I love John...\nJames Lough and Alex Stein talk about the incredib...\nWomen of the wild west come to blazing life in Les...\nTattoo as tribute: Susan Salluce explores the rela...\nJeff Lyons and Stephen David Brooks talk about JAC...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1244354"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6851754784584045,"wiki_prob":0.31482452154159546,"text":"The Hobbit, or, There and Back Again\nTolkienGuide is a Blackwell's affiliate\nCollector's Marketplace >> JRRT wanted to burn his manuscripts?\nBy Olwe\nJRRT wanted to burn his manuscripts?\n2021/7/5 22:11:09 (GMT) Greenwich Mean Time, London, Dublin, Lisbon, Casablanca, Monrovia\nPlease accept my apologies if this has been talked about before on the forums but I have not found anything except a few letters by George Sayer as a topic - and yes, it is a local news piece but:\nWhile George Sayer may not be a name that many have heard of, he is an incredibly important figure in the Tolkien world – without him, we might never have been able to enjoy the Lord of the Rings. He was a great friend of Tolkien’s and not only did he often host the great man but is credited with convincing a desolate Tolkien not to burn the Lord of the Rings manuscripts when he was struggling to find a publisher – needless to say, the world owes a great debt to George Sayer.\nThe Hobbit noted in that auction popped up recently in my regular news search so I stumbled over this; it went for about 4k at the time.\nAnd yes, the whole 'recording Tolkien' thing is the connection I usually have when I hear the name George Sayer ...\nI have yet to find a reliable source on Tolkien wanting to burn anything - except those pages of the Book of Mazarbul, of course\nSource: An Unexpected Journey: ‘The Hobbit’ Comes to Auction\nAelfwine\nSounds to me like someone has conflated Walter Hooper with George Sayer, and appropriated the former's story about rescuing Lewis's papers from a bonfire.\nAelfwine wrote:\nThat sounds fairly plausible. Walter Hooper was a controversial character, and I don't really believe in the manuscripts being saved from the fire story, though I doubt we will ever know the truth of that tale).\nFindegil\n2021/7/6 1:56:16 (GMT) Greenwich Mean Time, London, Dublin, Lisbon, Casablanca, Monrovia\nThe Sayer story could have been conflated with Hooper’s, or the seller might have made an imaginative leap from Sayer’s memory that Tolkien was depressed at not being able to publish The Lord of the Rings to the idea that he wanted to burn the manuscripts, which Sayer never said. In fact, Sayer's recollection of Tolkien’s \"depression\", and his claim to have caused The Lord of the Rings to be published by suggesting in August 1952 that Tolkien take it to Rayner Unwin, were false memories. Tolkien had been in touch with Rayner about The Lord of the Rings since November 1951, and when Sayer invited Tolkien to stay with him the next summer, Tolkien told him that Allen & Unwin were now clamoring to reconsider The Lord of the Rings. He was concerned to retrieve a typescript of the work from Sayer, to whom he had lent it, but was no longer worried about its publication, and certainly was not thinking of destroying it. When Sayer wrote of Tolkien’s August 1952 visit in the liner notes to the Caedmon Tolkien recordings of 1975 and in his address to the Tolkien Centenary Conference in 1992, he seems not to have reviewed letters Tolkien had sent him in 1952 and which still existed. We read them at Christie’s London when they came up for sale, and knew at once that Sayer’s account was wrong. The auctioneer’s description adds error to error.\nWayne & Christina\nJul 6, 2021 (edited)\nEdited by Trotter on 2021/7/6 4:25:32\nOlwe wrote:\nThis is the auction that was mentioned in the article https://live.adampartridge.co.uk/m/lot ... %3Dtolkien%26xclosed%3Dno\nDon't think we discussed this item prior to the auction.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1433242"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6142799854278564,"wiki_prob":0.38572001457214355,"text":"Lagos | Nigeria\nMrs. Abosede Adebiyi Julius\nMrs. Abosede Adebiyi a B.Sc. (Hons.) Agric Econs. MBA, M.Sc. (General Management), PhD FME (Business Administration), an Associate Professor in the Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Administration and Management Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, with more than 30 years of teaching and research experience with over forty-four (44) publications in local and international journals.\nLondon | United Kingdom\nDr Alistair A. Rayatchi\nDr. Alistair a Senior Consultant & Trainer, Qualified Accountant/ trainer from the U.K and Australia with over 15 Years combined experience in Auditing, IT Auditing, IT Security, Internal Auditing, Internal Control, Risk management and Taxation for Financial Services/ Energy (Oil and Gas) sector. Alistair has experience of working with major Auditing firms (Big 4), including work for KPMG, Ernst & Young, Deloitte and PWC, Crown Agents (U.K, Nigeria), Several Central and Private Banks in Africa and major International Energy and Oil companies.\nMr Biodun Adedipe\nBiodun Adedipe is the founder of B. Adedipe Associates Limited (a firm of management and financial consultants) i founded in February 1993 but commenced operations in March 1994 and he has been its Chief Consultant till date.He has a B.Sc. Economics (First Class), Ph.D. Economics (Specialized in Corporate Finance)\nMr Bode Shogo\nBode is an accomplished Human Resources and General Management practitioner with over 35 years of professional experience in public and private sectors of the economy\nAbeokuta | Nigeria\nDr. Lemmy Omololu Omoyinmi\nDr. Lemmy is currently the Business Director of EMPRETEC-UNCTAD Nigeria and the Africa Regional Trainer for the International Trade Centre (ITC), an initiative of UN, Geneva.\nHe holds higher degrees in Business Administration and Finance from the University of Ibadan.\nConnect with entrepreneurs, build your network, make great business.\nCopyright © 2022 HRM Consultants Intl.\nPowered by HRM Consultants Intl.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line96961"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.55836021900177,"wiki_prob":0.44163978099823,"text":"Art Crighton 1917 – 2013\nPosted by Byron Christopher July 17, 2013\nA Canadian bomber pilot imprisoned at Stalag Luft III — site of the famous ‘Great Escape’ during World War II — has died. Art Crighton was 96.\nHe crossed over on Sunday, 14th of July 2013 at the Kipnes Centre for Veterans in Northeast Edmonton.\nIn April 1942, Flight Lieutenant Crighton was at the controls of a two-engine Wellington bomber over Nazi-occupied Holland, en route to targets in the northern German port of Hamburg.\nThe plane had a full bomb load and a crew of six.\nAnti-aircraft knocked out an engine, and that was that end of that bombing run. When Crighton realized he no longer had control of his aircraft, he gave the order to bail.\nEveryone got out — except his good friend, Dick Hower, the rear-gunner. For some reason, Hower didn’t hear the order to get out. His body was found in the wreckage.\nVickers Wellington Bomber [image courtesy of Wikipedia]\nArt Crighton landed safely in a tree, climbed down and buried his parachute. But it wasn’t long before he was spotted, taken prisoner and put on a train to Stalag Luft III, near the [then] Polish town of Sagan, 160 kilometres southeast of Berlin.\nThe POW camp was the size of a small city, holding about 10,000 prisoners in several compounds. The Nazis considered Stalag Luft III to be escape-proof. Towards the end of the war, they discovered it wasn’t.\nCrighton — who says he had “music in his blood” — played the trumpet and eventually formed an orchestra at the camp. He went on to become leader of its 40-piece band.\nIn an interview I did with Crighton in March 2012, he pointed out that the Germans didn’t mind the POW’s getting involved in musical and theatre productions because it helped take their mind off escaping.\nCanadians in The Great Escape\nThe interview was for a book by Ted Barris called The Great Escape: A Canadian Story. The book, by Thomas Allen Publishers, was released in the fall of 2013.\nBarris’ book can be ordered by clicking on this link: http://www.amazon.ca/The-Great-Escape-Canadian-Story/dp/1771022728\nPrisoners’ Quarters at Stalag Luft III [image courtesy of historyonthenet.com]\nIn March 1944 — after months of work digging a tunnel in the direction of woods outside the prison fence — 76 men did make it out. However, the plan was for 200 to escape.\nTurns out, the tunnel was about ten feet short of the trees … and prisoner #77, climbing out of a hole in the ground, was spotted by guards. The gig was up. Shots were fired and all hell broke loose.\nPart of the tunnel dug by prisoners at Stalag Luft III [image courtesy of historyonthenet.com]\nOnly three Airmen ever made it to freedom.\nThe rest were captured. Fifty were then executed on Hitler’s orders. Urns containing their ashes were brought to the camp where a funeral service was held. Art Crighton played the Last Post.\nThe mass break-out from Stalag Luft III was the subject of a 1963 Hollywood movie called The Great Escape. The flick featured many big-name stars including Steve McQueen, Charles Bronson, James Garner, James Coburn and Richard Attenborough.\nCrighton vividly recalled the night of the escape, and how the camp was abuzz that “tonight was the night.”\nMore of his recollections of life at the camp and how things came down that evening can be found in Barris’ book.\nCrighton taught music at the University of Alberta from 1949 until 1982. He continued to fly small aircraft long past his retirement.\nFormer POWs: Gordie King and Art Crighton at Crighton’s home in West Edmonton. [Photo taken by author in March 2012]\nGordie King\nGordie King of Edmonton — another Canadian pilot who had been imprisoned at Stalag Luft III — was saddened by Crighton’s death. He said the man was well-liked by prisoners because his music had given them much joy. The man who lived for music had given thousands of POWs a different kind of escape.\nIt was odd to see that Crighton and King saw so differently the famous breakout, now more than 75 years ago. Crighton was of the opinion it shouldn’t have happened. He thought it was a dumb idea, and perhaps it was. Hard to tell.\nCrighton felt the POWs should have waited out their time at the camp and enjoyed life as best they could because, he said, in 1944 the Germans knew the war was a lost cause … and it was just a matter of time before they’d be going home.\nCrighton also objected to POWs using wooden planks from the theatre for their escape tunnels since they had given their word that the wood would only be used to build the theatre. Crighton felt the Allied prisoners broke their promise, and that wasn’t right.\nIt was clear that while the two men had worn the same uniform, they had much different interests. Crighton poked fun at King for spending so much time in the camp playing soccer, instead of getting involved in music, plays and the like.\nListening to this, at the other end of a dining room table in Crighton’s home, was King who smiled and jostled in his chair, mimicking his days as a young soccer player.\nGordie King is the father of famed Canadian curler Kathy King. I’d interviewed Gordie in 2012 at his daughter’s home in south Edmonton. The man showed me a small plastic bag containing some soil. “Put your hand in here,” he said, holding the bag open. And so I did. “That’s from the escape tunnel,” he announced. It was obvious the Great Escape was also one of the greatest moments in King’s long life.\nIn the famous movie, Gordie King is the POW operating the air pump 30 feet down. I asked King if he said anything to the men who passed by him on their way out. “See you in London,” he said. They eventually got a post-card from one of the prisoners who had made it safely to London.\nWhen I finished with the interview at Art Crighton’s house, Crighton and Gordie King were sitting in the living room, Gordie on the couch and Art in a chair beside him.\nI shook hands with the two former POW’s and left, but not before reaching up to touch a model of an old bomber suspended by strings from the ceiling. “That’s our old Wellington,” Crighton announced. King smiled and nodded.\nKing died in July 2020. He too spent his final days at the Kipnes Centre for Veterans, according to an August 4 2020 story by Nick Lees in the Edmonton Journal.\nOn 15 July 2016, the Edmonton Journal had news that several city streets would be named in Gordie King’s honour in Keswick, a new housing area being developed in the Windermere subdivision in southwest Edmonton.\nhttp://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/city-names-several-roads-portion-of-keswick-neighbourhood-after-second-world-war-vet-gordon-king\nArt Crighton was buried on the 23rd of July 2013. It was his wish there would be no funeral service. However, there was a “viewing.” About two dozen people showed up.\nCrighton did not have any children.\nAuthor Ted Barris\nBarris, an acclaimed broadcaster and journalist, has written close to 20 books, many about Canada’s involvement in wars. He is currently a Professor of Journalism at Centennial College in Toronto.\nMore than a quarter of a century ago, I worked with Ted when he was a newsreader at CBC Radio in Edmonton. Ted was professional and thoughtful, and that comes through in the books he has authored. They include Behind the Glory, Deadlock in Korea, Victory at Vimy, Breaking the Silence, Days of Glory and Juno.\nYou and I stroll through a graveyard of long-forgotten soldiers and we see faded names on old tombstones. Barris, because of his compassion and love of country, gets to know these dead men and women. He hears their stories, feels their pain … and he gives them a voice.\nTed Barris’ website:\ntedbarris.com\nAside from the Edmonton Journal [which ran a paid obituary announcement], I’m not aware of any Canadian media outlet — save for this blog and author Ted Barris — that paid any attention to the death of former Stalag Luft III prisoner Art Crighton.\nIt makes me wonder how many Vets whose passing goes virtually unnoticed.\nPosted in: World War Two, WW2 Prison CampTagged: Art Crighton, Arthur Crighton, Dick Hower, Gordie King, Kathy King, Kipnes Centre for Veterans, Nazi, Poland, POW, prison camp, Sagan, Stalag Luft III, Steve McQueen, Ted Barris, The Great Escape, Vickers Wellington bomber, World War IIPermalink7 Comments\n7 thoughts on “Art Crighton 1917 – 2013”\nAnother hero from the “greatest generation.” The world needs more Art Crightons.\nThanks for taking time in your busy life to record Art’s story, Byron. I’m indebted to you for that, my friend.\nWe are far too blasé about a history that required real people making real sacrifices when the world needed them most. You’ve ensured Art and those like him won’t be forgotten.\nI applaud people like yourself and Mr. Barris who acknowledge and remind us of the sacrifices made by people like Art Crighton. Too many young people, I’m sure, have no idea what these people have done for them. How could we as Canadians have allowed our schools to let this happen? Keep up the good work, it is appreciated.\nIt is amazing how much Canadians contributed to the WW II, especially in aviation. ‘Wop’ May and Roy Brown taking down the Red Barron … and the Great Escape. With the Municipal Airport closing, there should be a huge celebration commemorating men like this. It would be nice to put up a memorial for all the brave men and women (the 99ers) who flew out of there and served their country. I know Edmonton City Council is trying to shut it down quietly, but it deserves a good send-off.\nWonderful story and info. My Uncle, Arthur Hampson, was a rear-gunner during the war and was also shot down … on his 21st Birthday — Christmas Day!!!! Didn’t live to tell his tale.\nI will make sure my Grandkids read ALL this. Thanks so much.\nI was four when the war started. Lived in Runcorn, Cheshire, England.\nMy birth father, Harvey Neil Fraser, was navigating in a plane which was reconnoitering over the English Channel during the early part of WWII. They hit the side of a German ship, were picked up, and sent to Stalag Luft III.\nWhile the men were escaping through the tunnel, Harvey was playing the clarinet in the orchestra, conducted by Art Crighton!\nBen van Drogenbroek says:\nDear Catherine, I have been interested in Stalag Luft 3 for over 35 years. I have met and spoken to many ex.-p.o.w.’s. Arthur B. Crighton became one of my friends.\nI have some photographs taken of the orchestra, I’m sure your birth father is on them.\nMy e-mail address is b_v_drogenbroek@hotmail.com\nWarm greetings, Ben van Drogenbroek\n← Censored!\nCrime, Punishment … Salvation? →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line66829"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9036216139793396,"wiki_prob":0.9036216139793396,"text":"Mirror photographer who captured iconic image in aftermath of 1952 train disaster dies aged 84\nExpress and Star editor Keith Harrison to step down and leave Midlands publisher after 25 years\nFire brigade starts charging media for images of incidents\nBy Michael Leidig Twitter\nA major city’s fire brigade has raised eyebrows by charging the media for permission to publish its photographs of incidents.\nThe unusual decision to impose a fee for pictures taken by firefighters was made by the fire service in the city of Munich, Germany.\nIt came to light after the Munich Fire Brigade was called upon to rescue a kitten which had gotten stuck in the engine compartment of a car.\nDuring the rescue operation, a firefighter took pictures of his colleagues freeing the unfortunate cat (which has made a complete recovery).\nInstead of making the pictures freely accessible for the media – common procedure by emergency services the world over – the MFB decided to levy a charge per picture for each media outlet that wanted to use them.\nIn a press release, the brigade said: “We would like to point out that the publication of our photos in print media is subject to a charge.\n“The image fee is €25.00 (£21.80) per published image.”\nWhen it was challenged over the unusual move, the MFB replied that the charge was needed to cover the costs incurred in the process.\nA spokesperson said: “We make the charge because there is effort involved in making the pictures available to the press and this needs to be paid for.”\nBritish fire brigades have warned the decision by their German colleagues could curtail the free flow of information.\nA London Fire Brigade spokesperson said: “I’ve never heard of this before and we certainly have no plans to charge the press for the usage of our photographs.\n“All pictures which we post, mostly via our social media accounts, are available to the media free of charge.\n“We own the copyright, as in most cases they were taken by fire officers and we make them available with a request that the fire service be credited.\n“We certainly don’t have any plans to charge because we need the media to cover incidents.\n“A big part of what we do is fighting fires in which the bravery of those involved should be highlighted, but also promoting safe practices is also a big part of what we do and for this we also need to work with the press, and not make money out of them.”\n1 thought on “Fire brigade starts charging media for images of incidents”\nMartin Benbow says:\nWhat does the cat say","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1870532"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6380002498626709,"wiki_prob":0.3619997501373291,"text":"AMT Issues Business Update For First Quarter 2009\nAMSTERDAM, May 19 /PRNewswire/ -- Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics (Euronext: AMT), a leader in the field of human gene therapy, today issues it's business update for the first quarter of 2009, summarizing material events that took place during the quarter and providing an update on the cash position.\nQ1 2009 material events:\n- Preparation of preregistration clinical trial with Glybera(TM) in Canada - Data indicating that Glybera lowers pancreatitis incidence significantly - Good progress in research and development for other pipeline projects - CEO Dr. Ronald Lorijn stepped down\nFollowing the preparation of the trial in the first quarter of 2009, AMT announced on May 7, 2009, the treatment of the first patient in a preregistration clinical trial with Glybera. This gene therapy product targets lipoprotein lipase deficiency (LPLD) a seriously debilitating and potentially lethal disease.The randomized controlled trial has been designed to gather additional data on the effects of Glybera on lipid metabolism and the mechanisms underlying the prevention of pancreatitis attacks. The trial is being performed under a Clinical Trial Application approved by Health Canada.\nThe new clinical trial builds on positive data obtained from two previous clinical trials in which a total of 22 LPLD patients were treated. In the same quarter AMT presented new data on Glybera at the Phacilitate Cell Gene Therapy Forum. These data indicate that a single treatment with Glybera results in a long-term, statistically significant and clinically important reduction in the incidence of acute pancreatitis in LPLD patients. The longest follow-up of individual patients is well over three years, and the cumulative follow-up of all patients is more than 45 years. The therapy was well tolerated and no drug-related severe adverse events or unexpected side-effects have been observed.\nAMT will include the data from the new trial in the Marketing Authorization Application for Glybera. The submission of the dossier to the European Medicines Agency is planned for the second half of 2009.\nDuring the quarter, AMT made good progress on its other projects such as the application of Glybera for Hyperlipoproteinemia and NASH, AMT - 060 for Hemophilia B and AMT - 090 for Parkinson's disease.\nEffective February 1, 2009, AMT's Chief Executive Officer Dr. Ronald Lorijn retired for personal reasons. Prof. Sander van Deventer, AMT's chief scientific officer and co-founder of the company, is the ad-interim chief executive officer while the Supervisory Board is in the process a recruiting a new CEO. Sander van Deventer has in-depth knowledge of gene-therapy and of the biotechnology business.\nCash position\nAMT's cash position at March 31, 2009 amounts to EUR29,288,000 compared to EUR34,150,000 at December 31, 2009. The cash outflow in the quarter of EUR4,862,000 mainly represented operational cash flow and it is in line with the guidance for the year.\nAbout Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics\nAMT has a unique gene therapy platform that to date appears to circumvent many if not all of the obstacles that have prevented gene therapy from becoming a mainstay of clinical medicine. Using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors as the delivery vehicle of choice for therapeutic genes, the company has been able to design and validate what is probably the first stable and scalable AAV production platform. As such, AMT's proprietary platform holds tremendous promise for thousands of rare (orphan) diseases, especially those that are caused by one faulty gene. Currently, AMT has a product pipeline with nine products at different stages of development.\nCertain statements in this press release are forward-looking statements including those that refer to management's plans and expectations for future operations, prospects and financial condition. Words such as strategy, expects, plans, anticipates, believes, will, continues, estimates, intends, projects, goals, targets and other words of similar meaning are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on the current expectations of the management of Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics only. Undue reliance should not be placed on these statements because, by their nature, they are subject to known and unknown risks and can be affected by factors that are beyond the control of AMT. Actual results could differ materially from current expectations due to a number of factors and uncertainties affecting AMT's business, including, but not limited to, the timely commencement and success of AMT's clinical trials and research endeavors, delays in receiving U.S. Food and Drug Administration or other regulatory approvals (i.e. EMEA, Health Canada), market acceptance of AMT's products, effectiveness of AMT's marketing and sales efforts, development of competing therapies and/or technologies, the terms of any future strategic alliances, the need for additional capital, the inability to obtain, or meet, conditions imposed for required governmental and regulatory approvals and consents. AMT expressly disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements except as required by law. For a more detailed description of the risk factors and uncertainties affecting AMT, refer to the prospectus of AMT's initial public offering on June 20, 2007, and AMT's public announcements made from time to time.\nFor Information: André Verwei, CFO, Tel +31(0)20-5667394, a.verwei@amtbiopharma.com\nAMT Provides Business Update For The Third Quarter 2009\nAMT Starts Preregistration Trial For Glybera(TM)\nAMT Announces Management Changes In Light Of Refocused Strategy\nAMT Provides Business Update For The First Quarter 2010\nAMT Intends To Incorporate Additional Data To Its Marketing Authorization Dossier For Glybera(R)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line449949"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6729322075843811,"wiki_prob":0.3270677924156189,"text":"How To Find The Position Of The Maximum\n=MATCH(MAX(B3:B10),B3:B10,0)\nDownload Example File\nGeneric Formula\n=MATCH(MAX(Range),Range,0)\nRange – This the range of values in which you would like to find the relative position of the maximum value.\nThis formula will return the relative position of the maximum value in a given range of numerical values. The formula will work for any one dimensional vertical or horizontal range. If the range contains multiple maximums, then the formula will return the position of the top most or left most maximum.\nThis formula uses the MAX function to first find the value of the maximum within the given range, then it uses the MATCH function to find the relative position of this maximum within the range.\nIn our example MAX(Range) returns the value 9 since 9 is the maximum value in the range of values {1;0;8;6;9;7;9;6}.\nMATCH(9,Range,0) looks for a 9 in the Range and will return the position of the first 9 it finds. The 0 in the formula is a predefined Excel parameter that tells the MATCH function to find an exact match in the Range. In our example MATCH(9,{1;0;8;6;9;7;9;6},0) returns the value 5 since the first 9 in {1;0;8;6;9;7;9;6} is in the 5th position.\nHow To Conditionally Concatenate A Range\nThis formula will conditionally concatenate a range based on a criteria in another range.\nHow To Solve a Quadratic Equation\nThese formulas will give the solutions to a quadratic equation.\nHow To Select A Random Item From A List\nThis formula will return a random selection from a given list with each item in the list having an equal probability of being selected.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1379998"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6308991312980652,"wiki_prob":0.3691008687019348,"text":"#StopAsianHate, Part II: An Open Letter to the Students of Vermont Commons School\nYesterday we learned of what appears to be another attack against an Asian American. More specifically, Vilma Kari, a New Yorker of Filipino descent, was viciously attacked–apparently without reason–in broad daylight, sworn at and told by her assailant, “You don’t belong here.” The New York Times reports that in all of 2020, there were 28 anti-Asian hate crimes in New York City. Already in 2021, however, the NYPD reports 33 such attacks.\nSuch an act is, and should be, utterly stunning. It should stop us in our tracks. But so should those words. You don’t belong here. I think one would feel those kicks for months to come, while those words would remain seared into the brain for all one’s days. If I don’t belong here, but I am here, then what am I? Rather, what am I to do? Perhaps more importantly, what are you going to do about me, with me, to me?\nThe question of who belongs and who does not haunts our human society. Structuralist theorist Ferdinand de Saussure posited that humans organize our understanding of our world through language-based binary oppositions. Good/evil. Hot/cold. Dark/light. Further theorists expanded on this by suggesting a code of sub-binary oppositions that help flesh out binaries through further pairings of opposed meanings, and so on and so on. Post-structuralist thinker Jacques Derrida pushed this notion further in the way one term of the binary opposition dominates, governs, or controls the dynamic between the two. Good dominates evil (we hope) or, in unfortunate circumstances, evil dominates good.\nSo the question, in the case of yesterday’s attack, is what is the binary opposite of belong? Interestingly, there are nearly, or perhaps no, functional antonyms for the word belong. Seriously. Spend a little time looking it up in your dictionary, thesaurus, or online. English doesn’t have a clean, single word antonym that actually captures the directly opposite meaning of “to belong.” English seems to indicate that one either “belongs” or one simply doesn’t exist. That, to me, is why the language of yesterday’s attacker is so stunning. To utter that Ms. Vilma Kari does not belong is to place Ms. Kari in the category of non-existence, to suggest that where she might belong isn’t a consideration.\nSometimes I hear people use the phrase beyond the pale, an idiom in English that means, variously, outside the bounds or limits of good judgment, behavior, or understanding. If someone does something that’s described as beyond the pale, it generally means that the action is outside of what a reasonable person operating with reasonable judgement would be expected to do. While the notion of the pale–in this usage–has shown up in other points in history, it comes to us in the English language from 17th-Century Ireland, in which–during the English occupation there–a line was drawn just outside Dublin which separated off the rest of the island from the city. Dublin was where the English felt they had controlled and civilized society according to their own standards, and outside of Dublin was beyond the Pale, where ignorance, barbarity, and inhumanity reigned, where a lack of judgement or acceptable behavior was to be expected, and where what happened was, in short, beyond understanding. Ireland was England’s first colony, where the English tried out the various methods they would later employ to colonize much of the world, starting with forcing the Irish to cease use of the Irish Language and instead only speak or write English thereafter.\nBelonging apparently doesn’t just mean that one is in the right place, but also that one is as one should be: one bears the qualities, habits of mind and action, judgement, and attitudes appropriate to that place. Not belonging–so unspeakable that we literally don’t have a word for it–also means that you lack those qualities, habits, etc.\nTwo urgent questions pose themselves. First, who gets to decide who belongs and who doesn’t? That is to say, who gets to determine what qualities, habits of mind, judgement, attitude, appearance, identity, status, etc. are right or wrong for a place? And if we haven’t actually anointed anyone with that power, from when does it emerge such that someone in New York City believes they have a right to assert it and inflict in on another, physically and verbally, at random? Or in Washington, D.C.? Or San Francisco? Or Burlington? Does it emerge from us collectively? Do we as a society act as bequeathers of belonging or its ambiguous opposite? If so, that’s both daunting and empowering. Daunting, because it’s much easier to go after one person: it’s easier to say that attack was just about the person who kicked Ms. Kari. Just about the person who murdered eight people in Atlanta on March 16th. Just about the indicted police office who forced his knee into George Floyd’s neck.\nWe can just blame it on them, but if we want to be both honest, self-critical, and empowering, we likely need to recognize that the ideology of the phrase you don’t belong here is something we collectively learn, maintain, and reproduce. That stinks, but it also means that if we’ve done it, we have the power to undo it.\nHow? That’s the second urgent question. How do we undo a society’s worth of casting each other as either “in” or as non-existent? This week is a sacred one in several of the world’s faiths: Pesach in Judaism, Holy Week in Christianity, Holi in Hinduism. Whether you are a religious or spiritual person or not, I do hope you do, or will at some point, consider yourself a person of philosophy. A person who considers meaning and your place in it. I find many of the worlds great philosophers overlap with faith or belief. And in considering our answer to how we combat a systemic, societal habit of saying to others that they don’t belong, the Dalai Lama comes to mind. For Tibetan Buddhists, the Dalai Lama is both spiritual and political leader and the literally physical incarnation of divine compassion. When asked how to be the most compassionate person possible, he said simply, “Reduce suffering in the world.”\nIf we even at a young age begin drawing lines between ourselves and others, creating binaries of opposition that put some of us in and some of us out (or beyond), we need to look at that action–at the moment we did that–and ask ourselves whether we added to someone else’s suffering or reduced it. With each of our interactions with another person, we need to consider if what and how we acted made them feel better or worse, helped or harmed them, set them up for a better or worse future. If we want to be compassionate, we need to think of others in each of our actions and seek to act in ways that both improve their lives and reduce their suffering, sometimes even if it means it comes at a bit of a cost to us. I have a difficult time imaging real-life circumstances where telling someone they don’t belong is a compassionate act. Our school and our society aim explicitly in our language, mission, and practice to be entities of anti-bias, not the least of which is anti-racialism and anti-racism. To do so we must wrestle with the implicit power dynamics in words such as belong, inclusion, membership, appropriate, right, fitting, behave, understandable, words that seem innocuous or even positive but by their usage can assert power, draw lines, and increase suffering or even flat-out erase or make invisible (which is not quite the same thing).\nMaybe the one thing we can try to do is reduce the suffering of others through compassionate consideration of their value and humanity in all we do together. I think that’s our charge right now, what these times are calling us to do. I think it starts in small, everyday interactions with everyone around us. If we’ve built these problematic attitudes as a society, it’s been through the repetition of small everyday interactions over time. And so we can certainly unbuild those attitudes and replace them. Let’s do this work together, with each other, in our school. Let’s make compassion a trademark of our school, the expression of our guiding principle of social justice. We can change the world. You can change the world.\nDr. Dexter P. Mahaffey, Head of School","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1768604"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6610063314437866,"wiki_prob":0.6610063314437866,"text":"The Age of Adaline\nStarring: Blake Lively, Michiel Huisman, Harrison Ford, Ellen Burstyn, Kathy Baker, Amanda Crew and Anthony Ingruber\nDistributor: Entertainment in Video\nEBR5250\nHaving miraculously remained 29 years old for almost eight decades, Adaline Bowman has lived a solitary existence, never allowing herself to get close to anyone who might reveal her secret. But a chance encounter with charismatic philanthropist Ellis Jones reignites her passion for life and romance. When a weekend with his parents threatens to expose the truth, Adaline makes a decision that will change her life forever...\nWARNING - CONTAINS SPOILERS!\nThe Age of Adaline is a romantic tale with a hint of sci-fi and a smidgen of fairytale thrown in for good measure. The film stars Blake Lively as an average woman who was born in San Francisco at the turn of the 20th Century. One night she is involved in an accident that sees her car spin off the road and into a freezing river. She dies and then is brought back to life by a freak bolt of lightening. Several years pass and slowly she realises that she is not aging at all.\nThe main narrative takes place in modern day San Francisco as Adaline, currently going under the name of Jenny, is in the process of preparing to alter her identity and move once again - an act she has had to do every 10 years so that people don't ask awkward questions about why she isn't aging.\nApart from her daughter, who obviously knows everything, she has one other weakness an old friend who is blind, and so doesn't notice that Adaline has aged. She attends a New Years Eve party, with her friend, which is where she catches sight of Ellis. There eyes meet briefly. Later, as she is going home, before midnight, Ellis catches up to Adaline in the lift in an attempt to ask her out on a date. For years Adaline has led a solitary life, unable to let anyone in because doing so would mean sharing her secret as well as eventually watching them grow old and die. But Ellis pursues her and Adaline can't help but fall for his charms.\nEventually the two do start dating and Ellis asks her to attend his parents wedding anniversary. But little does Adaline realise that this will open up memories from 50 years previously.\nIt's hard to review The Age of Adaline without giving away too much of the plot. It really is a movie you need to go to blind, without knowing anything, if you're to get the most out of it.\nI was surprised to read a lot of the movie reviews at the time of the film's theatrical release. It received very mixed reviews. Personally I found it to be a beautiful, touching breath of fresh air in the current climate of movie reboots and superhero films (although, if you were being picky, you could argue that Adaline does has a super power). It explores so many facets of the human condition and raises questions of whether living forever is a blessing or a curse.\nThe movie includes a narration that pops up at the beginning and end. Some may argue that it's pointless and detracts from the movie; that it's holding the audiences hand a little too much - bringing even the stupidest viewer up to speed on what is going on. Personally, I thought that it added an extra element to the fairytale slant of the movie and worked rather neatly to bookend the story.\nAnother element I found to be integral was Rob Simonsen's beautiful soundtrack. Again, it helps to add a fairytale feeling, as well as providing a huge boost to some of the film's more emotional scenes.\nEvery visual aspect of the movie is also a feast for the eyes. From the various looks for the different time periods, to the painstakingly researched costumes, you can tell that all those concerned where deeply involved with what they were crafting. This was far more than just a job for them.\nThe acting is flawless but I was totally blown away by the appearance of Anthony Ingruber, who looks and sounds incredibly like a young Harrison Ford.\nOf course, you have to overlook the odd awkward plot point (like how uncomfortable it must be for Ellis to realise that he's sleeping with a woman that his dad had a passionate affair with decades previously) but if you just ignore that then you'll enjoy the film immensely.\nExtras include A Love Story for the Ages (29 min, 36 sec making of feature. One of the highlights was in the segment where cast and crew are asked about whether they would like to live forever. Harrison Ford replies, deadpan: \"I already have\"); Style Throughout the Ages (18 min, 13 sec which details almost every visual aspect of the movie, including clothes, hair, film styles and camera lens); Discovering Young Harrison Ford: Anthony Ingruber, an Online Sensation (8 min, 13 sec look at how the production discovered Ingruber, who had uploaded some clips of himself on YouTube impersonating Harrison Ford's performance of Han Solo in Star Wars); 2 x Deleted Scenes (Flemming Gets Lost (2 min, 05 sec) and Gas Leak (2 min, 20 sec).\nIt's a beautiful and very emotional movie, which is well worth spending a night in watching.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1249318"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.739006757736206,"wiki_prob":0.739006757736206,"text":"Man in hospice care dies during Marshall Fire\nby: Alex Rose, Evan Kruegel\nSUPERIOR, Colo. (KDVR) — A life was lost during the course of the Marshall Fire, which forced tens of thousands to evacuate their homes in Boulder County.\nGonzalo “Chalo” Quesada died Friday morning, following hospitalization after being rushed from his burning home in Superior, according to his family. He was 58 years old.\nLive updates: Families beginning to return to site of Marshall Fire\nHis family tells FOX31 Quesada had multiple complicated health issues that devolved into dementia, Alzheimer’s and aphasia. He lost verbal and motor skills a decade ago. He was homebound at the time of the fire, and doctors only gave him weeks to live prior to the inferno.\nAccording to his family, Quesada’s wife and sister were able to get an ambulance to their home in the Sagamore neighborhood, before the Marshall Fire destroyed the entire block.\nHe was rushed to Avista Adventist hospital to be treated for smoke inhalation. Within minutes of Quesada’s arrival, the hospital was placed under evacuation orders. His family then moved Quesada to hospice care in Denver.\n“They got him cleaned up and he was resting comfortably,” says his wife Michelle Quesada. “But his breathing was very erratic, and we knew he wasn’t going to make it through the night, the trauma from his body being jostled around and the smoke inhalation was really, really bad.”\nHow to help those impacted by the Marshall Fire\nThe hospice center told the family Quesada passed due to a combination of his illness, smoke inhalation and physical trauma from the evacuations.\n“It’s really unfortunate that he was in the latter stages of his illness, and this was the way he was going to go out,” says Michelle.\nQuesada, a former software engineer with IBM, is survived by his wife and three children. A GoFundMe has been set up to support the family, which is also dealing with the total loss of their home.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1800620"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7074026465415955,"wiki_prob":0.7074026465415955,"text":"Annie Saunders & Wild Up\nOctober 12, 2020—January 25, 2021\nTheater maker Annie Saunders collaborates with theater/pop/new music band Wild Up and composer Emma O’Halloran on a new work called Rest. The work engages an audience with simple guidance on how to interact with each other and the performance space. Overall, Rest interrogates sensory overwhelm, sensory deprivation, hallucinations and the nature of consciousness. The audience experience is inspired by the idea that our perception of reality depends on agreements and disagreements with other people.\nLight and sound are central to the staging of Rest. These elements help to sculpt a performance environment that includes moments of near-silence, music, and field recordings from a diverse set of conversations. Materials include conversations with consciousness experts, people sharing their early sense memories, and reflections on our relationships to our smartphones. The work provides a visceral opportunity to feel and consider what ‘rest’ means to us in the modern world.\nThe artistic collaborators are in residence this fall to develop an EMPAC-commissioned online iteration of Rest. The commission will provide the artists an opportunity to explore their archive of material. The outcome is unknown, but the process of building and experiencing this online work will provide a look inside immersive, multidisciplinary theatrical practices.\nAll current EMPAC residencies are being hosted remotely with support from EMPAC curatorial, administrative, and production staff and resources. While no artists are on site in Troy, our staff is continuing to collaborate with artists toward the development of new works.\nMain Image: Courtesy the artist. Photo: Johnathon Potter.\nRemote Residency\nAnnie Saunders\nWildup\nAshley Ferro-Murray\nIn 2020–21 Rest is in residence at Center for the Art of Performance at UCLA.\nMonday, January 25, 2021 at 8PM\nEMPAC Fall 2020 presentations, residencies, and commissions are made possible by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, with additional support from the National Endowment for the Arts; New York State Council on the Arts with the support of Governor Andrew M. Cuomo and the New York State Legislature; the Australian Government through the Australia Council for the Arts; and Vlaamse Gemeenschap, department of Culture, Youth, and Media. Additional project support by the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts; New Music USA; CCS Bard; Creative Capital; the Graham Foundation; and the National Culture and Arts Foundation, Taiwan.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line362974"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9482429623603821,"wiki_prob":0.9482429623603821,"text":"Adams County building bought after more than two years of vacancy\nEric Blum\nAfter being vacant for more than two years, the former Schindler Elevator Plant at 1200 Biglerville Road in Cumberland Township will once again house a business.\nLogistics Resource, based in Northumberland County, bought the building July 14 and will soon start getting the building in shape for tenants, said Robin Fitzpatrick, president of the Adams County Economic Development Corporation.\nThe company \"was very open and aggressive about purchasing the building,\" Fitzpatrick said. \"They have the infrastructure in place in central Pennsylvania to be a great fit.\"\nLogistics Resource provides a 48-state trucking service and owns and operates storage facilities, according to the company's website.\n\"Over the past decade, (Logistics Resource) has developed a noteworthy reputation for buying and remediating brownfield properties,\" Jeff Stroehmann, vice president of operations for the company, said in an email. \"This has lead to the creation of hundreds of well-paying jobs.\"\nOne person happy to see the building purchased is Adams County commissioner Marty Qually, who thinks this won't be the last big company the county sees come to the area.\n\"I didn't have an integral part in the sale, but once I was aware of this project, I was all for it,\" Qually said. \"There was a lot of great communication all around for this project.\"\nOfficials from Schindler Elevator did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\nLogistics Resource, which also has facilities in Harrisburg and Mechanicsburg, has no timetable has set for when tenants will move into the property, Stroehmann said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1783869"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5849307775497437,"wiki_prob":0.41506922245025635,"text":"Got wood? Building industry faces perfect storm\nGeneral Legal, Litigation and Dispute Resolution\nThe Australian Government claims that the economic recovery plan is on track to bounce back. Despite the government’s assistance to create more jobs, provide tax cuts, and invest in infrastructure, the building industry is facing the perfect storm with construction sites being shut down due to COVID-19 lockdown directives, scarce building supplies, and unprecedented demand, explains Attwood Marshall Lawyers Commercial Litigation Senior Associate and NSW Law Society Accredited Specialist in Dispute Resolution, Charles Lethbridge.\nWe’re not alone in our building and renovating boom. With travel on hold, record-low interest rates, and government incentives to build or renovate, it is reported that other countries around the world, including New Zealand, England, and the USA, are also experiencing the same demand that our construction industry is facing in Australia.\nThe Australian Government successfully boosted residential development in 2020 by enticing homeowners to renovate or build with the HomeBuilder Scheme. Fast-forward to 2021, and construction companies are struggling to get their hands on supplies to try to keep up with Australia’s building boom.\nWait times for just about every trade have blown out excessively, in some cases years, as global supply chain disruptions cause material shortages which have impacted many people’s plans to renovate or build their home and caused a headache for builders who are trying to keep customers happy and plan for future work.\nThe building and renovating boom\nThe HomeBuilder Scheme, in addition to state-specific building bonuses, was released by the Government to support confidence in the residential construction sector and incentivize consumers to proceed with construction that may have been delayed due to uncertainty as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.\nApplications for the HomeBuilder Scheme closed on Wednesday 14 April 2021. The largest number of applications were completed by Victorians who submitted 35,169 applications, followed by Queensland’s 26,293 applications and New South Wales’ 23,175 applications as of 9th April 2021.\nWith unprecedented demand for building materials and supply issues, it has created a challenge for the building and construction industry and their customers.\nIn 2019-2020, it was estimated that a single-story home would take six to eight months to build from slab to completion. To complete the same project today, it is estimated that it would likely take 12 to 16 months, if not longer.\nA double story home, which would have previously taken anywhere from 10 to 12 months, is now estimated to take 14 to 20 months to complete.\nGlobal supply shortages\nTrying to schedule a build, without certainty around when building materials will be available, is just the first challenge set for builders. Sub-contractors are also in demand, and with international travel off the cards and interstate travel restricted, there may not be enough workers to get the project completed.\nTimber processing mills are under pressure trying to keep up with demand as a global timber shortage sets back the industry. Usually, one fifth of construction timber is imported. In the USA, the price for timber has risen by 400% from a year ago. As a result of the increase, international traders have been sending all their material to the United States, leaving other countries short.\nAustralia’s domestic timber production has increased by 17%, but despite this increase the industry is still unable to keep up with demand.\nIn addition to supply shortages, shipping costs are also a factor, with significantly high fees to ship materials as a result of the Suez Canal blockage which took place earlier this year. The Suez Canal accounts for around 15 per cent of global shipping traffic. In March 2021, the Canal was blocked for six days. It is estimated that approximately 50 ships per day travel through the Canal.\nThrough no fault of their own, builders are being lugged with thousands of dollars added to the cost of their work, which they are often wearing and not passing on to the customer.\nManaging conflict and resolving residential building disputes\nFor customers that were ahead of the curve and were planning to build or renovate prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, many would have received quotes and set timelines that are now redundant. There are many disappointed homeowners now in for a nasty surprise as costs soar by at least 10-30% in 2021, and building timeframes are almost impossible to estimate.\nWith demand outweighing supply, suppliers have had to increase the cost of building materials, including timber, bricks, steel, cabinetry, and everything in between.\nWith the added consequences of supply issues with manufacturing slowing down in many factories worldwide due to COVID-19 restrictions and lockdowns, production is at its slowest.\nSome builders are reporting up to 3 price increases from one supplier in the space of 4 months. As you can imagine, this would have a roll-on effect to the quotes builders are providing upfront to customers who are trying to scope their work. Unfortunately, supplier prices are out of the control of builders.\nEmotions can be running high for clients who are eagerly awaiting the completion of their home. With a rental crisis gripping the country, this is bad news, with many people unable to extend their current leases, or locate short term accommodation at a reasonable price to accommodate them whilst they await the completion of their build or renovation. This means clients are at a loss and are left with no other option than to put more pressure on builders to fast-track their build or renovation. It’s a matter of riding it out as best as possible. But this means also negotiating with stressed out clients who want nothing more than to fast-track their build.\nAlthough most customers are generally understanding of the current situation and impact COVID-19 has had on the industry, builders are the ones stuck between a rock and a hard place trying to navigate as best they can and deliver projects at a reasonable cost and timeframe.\nAttwood Marshall Lawyers – alternative dispute resolution experts to help you keep construction on track\nWith so many variables that could impact the cost, schedule, and outcome of a build project, it is important to manage customer expectations throughout the process.\nAs construction work progresses minor fluctuations are common, but significant misunderstandings can occur over variations, especially when variations are not communicated effectively. We are seeing more and more disputes arise around the agreed date for project completion and rising costs, particularly in the current climate where building materials are so difficult to secure, and trades are hard to lock down.\nThen there are the usual disputes that can arise over quality of workmanship.\nThese issues contribute to arguments over payments, including delayed or withheld payments. These issues can be sensitive and difficult to resolve once work is underway.\nThe goal should be to resolve any disputes at the earliest opportunity so that you can avoid any further delays and get on with the task at hand. In most cases, building and construction disputes can be settled through alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, without resorting to litigation, which can be extremely costly and stressful.\nIt is our intent to help builders and their clients resolve disputes quickly and effectively so that everyone can move forward and achieve the most satisfactory outcome for all involved.\nBy addressing any issues at the earliest opportunity, we can help you navigate what options are available and advise on the best way to resolve your matter.\nFor advice on building disputes, contact our Commercial Litigation Department Manager, Amanda Heather, on direct line 07 5506 8245, email aheather@attwoodmarshall.com.au or free call 1800 621 071 at any time.\nBusiness Interruption Insurance Decided\nCharles Lethbridge","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line521234"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6563847064971924,"wiki_prob":0.3436152935028076,"text":"HomeMoore College ArticlesBill Salier appointed Consultant in the GAFCON Theological Educators’ Network\nBill Salier appointed Consultant in the GAFCON Theological Educators’ Network\nFebruary 9, 2021 by Moore College\nThe Moore College Centre for Global Mission seeks to serve Christian churches and other organisations around the world in the propagation of the gospel through the provision of faithful theological education resources. In pursuing this mission, the Centre has forged a number of significant partnerships, such as those with MOCLAM, African Enterprise and numerous others in Asia, Africa and the subcontinent. The Centre is pleased to announce a further partnership with GAFCON, a movement of confessing Anglicans seeking to promote gospel faithfulness throughout the Anglican Communion.\nMoore College has been heavily involved with GAFCON from its beginnings. We have been determined to stand with other faithful Anglicans around the world, many of whom have suffered significant loss for teaching and living in accordance with the teaching of Scripture. A number of the College faculty have played important roles in the movement and attended each of the three GAFCON Conferences (Jerusalem 2008, Nairobi 2013, Jerusalem 2018). Partnership with GAFCON is not something new to us.\nIt is critical for the future health of the churches that theological education across the globe prepares men and women to be workers who “have no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth”. Developing relationships and sharing resources is a way of strengthening theological colleges around the world, many of whom are under intense pressure to adjust their teaching programs to fit in with a liberal revisionist agenda. GAFCON has set up a network of theological educators to establish and nurture international partnerships between Anglican theological colleges.\nLater this year, the Rev Dr Bill Salier will commence as Consultant in the GAFCON Theological Educators’ Network. Dr Salier’s extensive experience in theological education, and his gifts as a scholar and teacher, make him ideal for this role. His responsibility will be undertaken under the umbrella of CGM, as a vital component of the centre’s interest in the advance of faithful gospel ministry throughout the world.\nDr Salier commented, “I am excited by this opportunity to consult with theological educators in the GAFCON network, and I am grateful to Moore College and the CGM for providing an ideal platform of support. I am looking forward to seeing how the Lord will use this role to further his purposes.”\n“Bill Salier’s appointment to the Gafcon Theological Education Network through a cooperative venture with Moore College’s Centre for Global Mission is a great step forward. Together we will continue to work to see bible-based training available to Gospel Workers around the world.”\nBishop Malcolm Richards, Director, Centre for Global Mission, Moore Theological College\n“Bill Salier is an ideal person to take on the role of consultant. He has large experience, deep learning and a personal warmth which enables people to talk with him easily. I am grateful to the Lord for his willingness to take on this role.”\nBishop Peter Jensen, Director of the GAFCON Theological Educators’ Network\nRead more . . .\nFiled Under: Moore College Articles Tagged With: announcement, CGM, GAFCON, staff, theological education","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line944709"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6019364595413208,"wiki_prob":0.6019364595413208,"text":"http://www.gadgetspeak.com/review/Match_Gems_Fantasy_Mosaics_45_-_Amusemen-891737.html\nFinding Robby\nPublished June 26, 2021 Author mfereday\nChildren can find it easy to get lost especially when surrounded by attractions. Can you help re-unite a grandma with her missing grandson?\nPenguins do seem to appreciate mosaics. I am not referring to the artistic designs produced by the Roman Empire of many centuries ago but those that form the basis of Match Gems nonogram puzzle offerings featuring members of a penguin family. In this case the penguins are Mrs Penrose who, when taking her grandson Robby, on a trip to an amusement park, manages to loose the youngster. Her resulting search for the boy is covered by the game Fantasy Mosaics 45 - Amusement Park.\nFor those who are not familiar with the nonogram form of game play, I should explain that this is a way of creating colourful mosaics using a series of numeric clues. You start off with an empty grid made up of columns and rows. Running across the top and down the left side of the grid are a collection of single and groups of numbers. Depending upon the image or mosaic to be created, the grid will be made up of levels with each one being used for a particular colour with the numeric clues changing colour to suit the level.\nSee also: Games\nUsing the numeric clues you can designate whether a similar number of cells can be filled in with the appropriate colour. When more than a single number is allocated to a row or column then you must leave at least one blank cell between the group of cells that are coloured. As each level is completed there will be an automatic switch to another level or you can select to switch whenever you wish.\nProfiles can be created so that the progress of different players can be recorded. You can also adjust the volume level used by background music and sound effects. Other options are available to play the game in full screen mode and select from three levels of difficulty, namely Casual, Advanced and Zen. Different amounts of help are available with these difficulty levels.\nThe game is spread over twenty chapters, each containing five different nonogram which need to be completed. Cells are selected for being coloured in with a left mouse click with a right mouse click being used to produce a blank cell. Arranged to the right of the grid being completed is a panel made up of the colours making up the mosaic. Also featured in this panel are rechargeable power-ups that can be used to identify a single cell or a group of cells plus offer a hint and show how many mistakes have been made.\nOnce all the levels of the grid have been completed, then they will automatically combine themselves to show the created mosaic. I must admit that it was only at this point that I could recognise the image just created. You will be shown an award screen displaying the mosaic plus the number of mistakes made, if any, the hints used and the time taken for that grid.\nWhen the five grids of a chapter have been completed, you will be taken on a detour to the Park grounds and a new attraction will be added to this area. In some cases the attraction will contain a puzzle, such as a Hidden Object scene or fitting shapes so that they fill an area. Other attractions include a rocket ship, astronaut, caravan, horse, roundabout and a Big Wheel. The Park area can be accessed from the game's main title screen at any time.\nFantasy Mosaics 45 - Amusement Park is not going to keep you playing for late night sessions. Instead it can provide an occasional diversion when you have a few spare moments to kill. I did feel that more could have been made of the park amusement feature especially with regards to eye-catching animation. The game is available for downloading from Gamehouse.com where it is priced at $9.99. System specifications call for a 1.6 GHz processor with 1024MB of RAM and 139MB of hard disk space running Windows 7 and later.\nFantasy Mosaics 45 - Amusement Park | GameHouse","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1368000"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8906111717224121,"wiki_prob":0.8906111717224121,"text":"Home > Blog > Education, Princeton University, Rudresh Mahanthappa > Princeton Names Rudresh Mahanthappa Director of Jazz\nPrinceton Names Rudresh Mahanthappa Director of Jazz\nSaxophonist-composer will begin appointment in the fall\nUpdated April 25, 2019 – By Carolina Worrell\nRudresh Mahanthappa has been named Director of Jazz at Princeton University\nPrinceton University’s Department of Music has named saxophonist and composer Rudresh Mahanthappa Director of Jazz. Mahanthappa, who comes to Princeton with an extensive jazz background and a voice “intent on transcending cultural divides by hybridizing progressive jazz and non-Western musical traditions,” according to a press release, will begin his appointment as the Anthony H. P. Lee ’79 Senior Lecturer in Jazz Studies at the start of the fall term. He will succeed Dr. Anthony D. J. Branker, founder of the Program in Jazz Studies.\nRecently, Mahanthappa’s Bird Calls was named Album of the Year in the 2015 NPR Music Jazz Critics Poll. Additionally, that same year Mahanthappa joined the United States Fellows, the latest in a series of honors including a Guggenheim Fellowship, two New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowships and the highly coveted Doris Duke Performing Artist Award.\nOriginally Published June 20, 2016\nPrinceton University’s Department of Music...\nJazz at Lincoln Center Announces Inaugural Jack Rudin Jazz Championship\nJazz at Lincoln Center has announced the launch of its inaugural Jack Rudin Jazz Championship, a two-day invitational competition featuring ensembles from 10 university jazz programs in the United States. It will take place Jan. 18-19 at Frederick P. Rose Hall in Manhattan. The competition is named after one of JALC’s most generous supporters, a … Read More “Jazz at Lincoln Center Announces Inaugural Jack Rudin Jazz Championship”\nUCLA Names Arturo O’Farrill Global Jazz Studies Professor\nArturo O’Farrill, a six-time Grammy-winning pianist, composer and music educator, has been appointed professor of global jazz studies and music at the UCLA Herb Alpert School of Music. He will focus on performance and composition and on redefining the perimeters of Latin jazz in the position. School officials said O’Farrill was chosen in part due … Read More “UCLA Names Arturo O’Farrill Global Jazz Studies Professor”\nAmbrose Akinmusire Honors W.E.B. Du Bois at Princeton University\nAcclaimed trumpeter Ambrose Akinmusire—whose recent album, Origami Harvest, was a critical success—will perform at Princeton University on Nov. 17 in the world premiere of a new suite, Slightly Left of Sorrow’s Song, commissioned in honor of the 150th anniversary of W.E.B. Du Bois’ birth. Akinmusire, 36, will play with Princeton’s Small Group I—under the leadership of Jazz at Princeton director … Read More “Ambrose Akinmusire Honors W.E.B. Du Bois at Princeton University”\nPurchase College Celebrates 25 Years of Jazz Studies\nThe Purchase College Conservatory of Music, part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system, will celebrate the 25th anniversary of its Jazz Studies program by presenting several concerts in Westchester County (north of New York City) and NYC itself, featuring students and faculty from the program. The performance-driven curriculum, according to a press … Read More “Purchase College Celebrates 25 Years of Jazz Studies”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line232694"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.706669270992279,"wiki_prob":0.29333072900772095,"text":"Paternal influences on ethical decision making\nWrite 18 page essay on the topic Paternal Influences on Ethical Decision Making of Senior Leaders in the Health Care Industry.m, International Olympic Committee, Enron, Tyco, Qwest Communications International, Duke Energy, Bristol-Myers Squibb, etc, as well as the sex scandal in the Catholic church, have resulted in a loss of confidence in the management and leadership of these large corporations and institutions. As a consequence,investors have become unnerved and the jolts have shaken international markets. No wonder that a CBS poll taken in the fall of 2002 finds that 79% of respondents believe questionable business practices are widespread and only fewer than one third thinks that CEOs are honest (Wallington, 2003).These companies have all come to the time light for the wrong reasons. As a result, the role of the CEO in ethical dilemmas has come under increased scrutiny. While ethical lapses occur at all the levels of organizations, senior executives who fail to set high ethical standards and live by them are senior leaders in organizations assume the responsibility to display high ethical and moral values in their conduct both within the organization and outside. However, many instances have come to where they discard this significant aspect subjected to scrutiny and held accountable for the consequences of unethical practices, damaging the interests of employees, shareholders and the society at large. CEOs and other senior leaders such as members of Boards of Directors are expected to provide role models and help develop and entrench the ethical belief system for all members of the organization. However, when these leaders fail in their commitment to stand up to the ethical responsibilities, the negative impact of their ethical transgressions will remain long after the leader has been punished.Instances of unethical conduct by senior leaders, which entail serious repercussions, have prompted the need to identify background factors, socialization practices, or early childhood experiences that may account for such behavior in adulthood. Thus, an interest has developed in","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line458367"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6338396072387695,"wiki_prob":0.6338396072387695,"text":"What does Ballarat mean?\nHere's a list of possible definitions for the term Ballarat:\nBallarat is a city located on the Yarrowee River and lower western plains of the Great Dividing Range in the state of Victoria, Australia, approximately 105 kilometres west-north-west of the state capital; Melbourne. With an estimated urban area population of just over 94,000 people, Ballarat is the third most populous urban area in the state. One of the Australia's most populated inland settlements, it is the most populous in the state and fifth in the country. People from Ballarat are referred to as Ballaratians The City of Ballarat local government area encompasses both the Greater Ballarat urban area and outlying towns with an area of 740 square kilometres and has an estimated population of almost 100,000. Ballarat is its most populous urban centre, seat of local government and administrative centre. It was named by Scottish squatter Archibald Yuille who established the first settlement—his sheep run called Ballaarat—in 1837, with the name derived from local Wathaurong Aboriginal words for the area, balla arat, thought to mean \"resting place\". The present spelling was officially adopted by the City of Ballarat in 1996. It is one of the most significant Victorian era boomtowns in Australia. Just months after Victoria was granted separation from New South Wales, the Victorian gold rush transformed Ballarat from a small sheep station to a major settlement. Gold was discovered at Poverty Point on 18 August 1851 and news quickly spread of rich alluvial fields where gold could easily be extracted. Within months, approximately 20,000 migrants had rushed the district. Several Australian mining innovations were made at the Ballarat diggings including the first use of a Chilean mill in 1851 and the first use of a mine cage in 1861. Unlike many other gold rush boom towns, the Ballarat fields experienced sustained high gold yields for decades.\nThe numerical value of Ballarat in Chaldean Numerology is: 8\nThe numerical value of Ballarat in Pythagorean Numerology is: 4\n© Definitions.net","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line141168"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9228236079216003,"wiki_prob":0.9228236079216003,"text":"The Murderers Are Among Us (1946)\nSat 23 Jul 2016 12pm\nTo celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the DEFA (Deutsche Film-AG) Studio in East Germany, the Goethe-Institut New Zealand presents in its Winter Film Series at the Auckland Art Gallery a film programme highlighting different themes and genres that were important to the DEFA. 70 years onwards the films give a glimpse into the diversity of film production in East Germany and offer a rare insight into the life, thinking and being of people behind the wall.\nThe Murderers Are Among Us (Die Mörder Sind Unter Uns)\n1945: Berlin – a town in ruins. The photographer Susanne Wallner (Hildegard Knef) returns to her former apartment after three years in a concentration camp. She finds the apartment occupied by Dr. Mertens (Ernst Wilhelm Borchert), a surgeon who is haunted by his experiences during the war. Susanne and Mertens have to share the apartment. Despite their differences a friendship forms. When Mertens encounters Brückner (Arno Paulsen), the former commander of his battalion who was responsible for the execution of more than 100 civilians during the war, and is now a successful industrialist, he wants to take justice into his own hands. But Susanne is able to convince him that the war criminal must be tried in court.\nShot in the ruins of Berlin just a year after WWII, The Murderers Are Among Us, was the first film made in Germany after the war and has since become a classic antifascist and rubble film. Wolfgang Staudte's achievement was that he took on the country's recent history and its effect on the present as a subject at the time. The film is a classic example of the 'antifascist' tradition in DEFA cinema. It reflects the early DEFA Studio's aim to be close to reality, critical and socialist in its films. The film's film noir style successfully blends German expressionism with striking neorealism.\nDirected by Wolfgang Staudte, 1946. Run time 87 mins. German with English subtitles\nSat 23 Jul 2016\nAuditorium, lower ground level","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line381678"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9560434222221375,"wiki_prob":0.9560434222221375,"text":"8 Detroit Lions to watch vs. Cleveland Browns\nAllen Park — Here are eight players we’ll be watching closely during the Detroit Lions’ preseason finale against the Cleveland Browns at Ford Field on Thursday (7 p.m., Fox 2, WJR 760).\nTight end Michael Roberts\nTwo months ago, Roberts was making all kinds of catches during OTAs and looked like a legitimate candidate for a breakout season. His momentum carried into the start of training camp, but seemed to be derailed by a minor injury that sidelined him a few days earlier this month. Now, with two catches in three games, he’s on the roster bubble, which once seemed inconceivable.\nLinebacker Eli Harold\nThe Lions’ newest acquisition, Harold is an athletic edge rusher who has yet to get on track as a professional. It doesn’t help that he's had three different head coaches, coordinators and position coaches his first three seasons. The Lions have four weeks to decide whether keeping Harold around is worth the conditional seventh-round pick the team paid to acquire him from the 49ers.\nMore: Eli Harold ready to be 'all hands on deck' for Lions\nRunning back Kerryon Johnson\nJohnson has had a small role the past two weeks, but with the starters expected to see their playing time kept to a minimum, it’s an opportunity for the entertaining rookie rusher to put on a show in a three-down role in front of the home crowd. Cleveland’s run defense ranks 26th during the preseason.\nLinebacker Miles Killebrew\nKillebrew has played fewer than 40 preseason snaps since switching to linebacker, making three tackles and recovering a fumble, but still showing a propensity for getting beat in coverage. It’s been difficult to get a grasp on where he stands heading into roster decisions, so a longer look at how he performs at his new position could be key.\nQuarterback Jake Rudock\nBy all appearances, Rudock has been jumped on the depth chart by Matt Cassel. The third-year passer out of Michigan has been accurate this preseason, leading a trio of touchdown drives, but most of his throws have been of the check-down variety and the majority of the yardage has come against prevent defenses. It would be nice to see some downfield accuracy in the finale.\nWide receiver Brandon Powell\nPowell has been one of the most pleasant surprises of the preseason. He’s leading the team in receiving and chipped in an 80-yard punt return touchdown in last week’s come-from-behind victory over the Bucs. He’s in a tough spot, because his skill set has obvious overlaps with Jamal Agnew and Golden Tate, but with another strong showing, the Lions might have no choice but to keep Powell heading into the season.\nDefensive end Cam Johnson\nThe 28-year-old edge defender has bounced around the league since being drafted in 2012. He wasn’t on a roster last season, and spent part of training camp this year nursing an injury, but the playing time has picked up in recent weeks. He has good size and a well-rounded skill set that puts him in play for the final defensive line roster spot.\nOffensive lineman Leo Koloamatangi\nAn undrafted rookie last season, Koloamatangi has continued to fly under the radar despite a solid offseason. He appears to have added some weight to his frame and has allowed just two pressures on more than 80 pass-blocking snaps, while also earning an above-average run-blocking grade from Pro Football Focus. He might be practice squad bound, but he's a player you could see earn a promotion as an injury fill-in later in the year.\njdrogers@detroitnews.com\ntwitter.com/justin_rogers","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line839167"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7597813606262207,"wiki_prob":0.7597813606262207,"text":"Issue #3 - December 2016\nOur unsung heroes\nThis month’s unsung heroes are Shropshire Council’s Fostering team, who have been working tirelessly during the transfer of children from France, arranging their relocation in the UK.\nIn the last 12 months the number of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in Shropshire has increased from three to at least 14. These have come from lorry drops in Shropshire being discovered by the police, and planned moves from Kent – where there are approximately 2,000 asylum seekers.\nAs the refugee crisis worsens, Shropshire Council has agreed to find homes for 42 unaccompanied children and young people. The closure of the so-called ‘Jungle’ in Calais around six weeks ago has resulted in a sudden influx of asylum seekers being moved around rapidly. This has presented a huge logistical challenge, and placed a great deal of pressure on the system. Our Foster Care and Supported Lodgings teams have been braced and ready to respond at short notice.\nTwo staff recently travelled to Solihull to collect a child refugee and delivered them to a foster family. After a three hour flight delay due to bad weather, followed by further delays at Heathrow, the child arrived at Solihull reporting centre at 9:45pm. A lengthy process of welfare interviews were then conducted before Julie Brown (social worker) and Paula Jones (support worker) could take the youngster to their foster placement in Shropshire at 1.30am, while the foster carers’ supervising social worker Charmain Lewis and duty co-ordinators Bev Roberts and Anna Phillips kept the carers engaged and supported.\nKaren Bradshaw, director of children’s services, said:\n“I really do think that this scenario has demonstrated the commitment that our staff have for their work and for children. They are great ambassadors for the public sector and Shropshire Council. In addition to the frontline social workers, we have a wider team working flat out behind the scenes to make this work, and I would like to extend my personal thanks to all involved.”\nAndrew Pready-James, senior social worker and supported lodgings lead, said:\n“The whole team have gone above and beyond the call of duty in what has been a very chaotic time. However, none of this would be possible without the incredible support of our foster carers and supported lodgings providers.”\nAfter a harrowing journey getting to Shropshire, it's vital that these children and young people are placed in safe and loving homes where they can have the time, space and support to begin to rebuild their lives. On arriving in Shropshire, children aged 15 and under are placed in foster care, and supported lodgings are provided for 16 and 17 year olds.\nAndrew continued:\n“Our carers tell us it’s generally a delight to provide a safe home for an asylum-seeking child. The trauma they've faced has made them tough, but they're also unfailingly polite and grateful for the kindness shown to them. Most are very keen to prosper and succeed in life; and a stable, happy environment allows them the possibility of schooling, learning English and making friends.”\nAs part of the council’s commitment to help unaccompanied asylum-seeking children, we now have an urgent need to recruit foster carers and those who can offer supported board and lodgings. If you think this could be you, visit shropshirefostering.co.uk for information on fostering, or for an informal discussion about providing supported lodgings contact Andrew Pready-James on 01743 250100.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line100246"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5128442049026489,"wiki_prob":0.5128442049026489,"text":"A Q&A with Matt Barnes: Former NBA Player Turned Cannabis Advocate\nEdibles Recipe: Cannabis-Infused Frozen Key Lime Pies\nFederal Charges for Flying with Cannabis? LAX’s ‘Scare Signs’ a New Low\nPHOTOS Showtime\nThe NBA vet talks cannabis use in the league, pushing Biden on the ’94 crime bill, and being a cannabis advocate and father.\nGracie Malley\nAfter 14 seasons and nine different teams, professional basketball player Matt Barnes won his first-ever championship with the 2017 Golden State Warriors. Months later, he announced his retirement. The following 4/20, a Washington Post article with the headline “‘All my best games I was medicated’: Matt Barnes on his game-day use of marijuana” is published. In it, Barnes speaks candidly about his cannabis use while in the NBA – one of the first instances of him openly sharing his story with the goal of normalizing cannabis in professional sports.\nBarnes has since become one of the leading voices of professional athletes calling for the end of penalties for cannabis use while being an active player. Over the past few years, he’s planted roots in the cannabis industry by investing in his hometown of Sacramento through a dispensary called Seven Leaves. He also serves as a senior advisor to Eaze’s minority-focused cannabis business incubator, Momentum.\nAs we closed in on 2020, Matt joined us from his home in Los Angeles for a Zoom call where he shared his journey as a professional athlete and cannabis advocate, along with his hope for reform under new government leadership.\nCannabis Now: How have you and your family been holding up during the pandemic?\nMatt Barnes: Since I was 18, this is the first time I’ve gotten to sit down. I went to UCLA in 1998, and ever since, I’ve been traveling the world to play basketball. Fortunately, I was able to play 15 years, but then I retired and went right into media. I’m working for ESPN and Showtime, traveling all around the country. Though it’s unfortunate circumstances, the pandemic has allowed me to finally sit my ass home. I do my podcast from home, I do ESPN from home, and I get to spend more time with my kids. I’m a single father of three; my twins just turned twelve, my youngest guy [turned] two on December 7. I’m getting to stay home and do the day-to-day things that I retired to do, that I hadn’t been able to do before. We’ve been blessed.\nCN: You have an incredible podcast, All the Smoke, where you and fellow retired NBA player Stephen Jackson interview professional athletes and coaches. Given the name of the podcast, how often would you say cannabis comes up? Are there any memorable guests who stand out when it comes to their cannabis use?\nWe’ve interviewed guys who are still playing that were a little hesitant talking about it, but you know, we do stuff off the camera. One person who comes to mind is The Godfather for my generation: Snoop. It’s been great to talk to him about the plant and seeing his evolution. He came in as someone that was focusing on just getting high, and I’ve been talking to him more about explaining to the world why [he] uses [cannabis]. That’s been my goal when I talk to my colleagues or former athletes about cannabis – I always encourage people to tell their stories.\nJust like the next person, I enjoy getting high, but there’s a lot of benefits from it, and I think that’s important when pushing forward a message of nationwide legalization – to erase the old stigmas of the high component and explain the beneficial uses of cannabis. It’s been a fun journey post-career, kind of being a shield for the guys in the league. I’m one of a handful of people that current [NBA] players look to for questions when it comes to using cannabis or not.\nCN: What was your path to becoming this cannabis guru for professional athletes?\nI was a product of the ’80s. My parents were functioning drug addicts. I saw a lot of different stuff when I was younger, and I remember one of the things I enjoyed smelling at a young age was cannabis. My parents also smoked cigarettes, and I used to hate the smell of those, but there was a different smell when my dad would light that weed up at the end of the day.\nAt the age of 14, I tried it. My first experience was terrible; I got a headache and passed out. But I wasn’t a quitter – I jumped right back on the horse and have been using it religiously for the past 26 years. Through high school, UCLA, my entire professional career, it’s been there for me…It’s always mellowed me out, made me more levelheaded, helped with sleep, stress, and the anti-inflammatory components help a lot as well. I played 15 years, I won a championship, and I think my story will help erase that stigma of people thinking it’s a gateway drug.\nCN: Can you talk a little bit about the drug testing in the NBA and what that was like for you when you were in the league?\nIn the NBA, they give you three strikes for drugs in general. I don’t think cannabis should be called a drug anymore, but it’s still called a drug in the NBA. I had 2.75 strikes in about 15 years. I got caught twice. If you think you’re going to fail, you are allowed to call the drug program and admit yourself willingly. I did that twice even though they are supposed to allow it once. The third strike is suspension for five days, which is a lot of money missed, and it becomes public record. Luckily, I avoided that in my career.\nSomething interesting in going through the drug program a few times was talking to the guys who run it about how many players were in for cannabis alone. There are over 400 players in the NBA, and at the time I was in [the program], there were over 200 players in just for weed. It’s ridiculous ‘cause the league says they want what’s best for the players, but they’re pumping us full of opioids that are gonna mask one problem and cause another. Then they want to suspend us, fine us and maybe cost us our jobs over consuming cannabis. That’s why myself, Al Harrington and some other athletes are pushing the needle on the NBA. We understand how beneficial this plant is.\nIf [the league] would do their research, which they are doing now, they’ll find they can use [cannabis] to prolong athlete’s careers. Normally the NBA is at the forefront of all issues, but we’re actually last right now when it comes to the use of cannabis or CBD. Hockey, major league baseball and even the NFL are kind of rewriting their policies when it comes to this, but I think we’ll be catching up shortly.\nCN: You have said that you used cannabis while playing in the NBA. Did you use it for stress relief, for physical ailments or both?\nAt the beginning, it was psychological. I started [using cannabis] at 14 or 15 years old, and I had a really tough childhood – a lot of violence, drugs and abuse. Cannabis allowed me to escape, to focus, to sleep at night peacefully. So, in the beginning, it was more psychological. As I got older, my body was getting beat up with playing in the NBA, so I needed the relief component as well.\nI risked a lot smoking it throughout my career, but there was no other outlet for me. People often don’t understand how mental this game is. If you’re fortunate enough to make it in the NBA, you’re a one percenter. Then the mental approach of the game kicks in – it’s really a mental space and a mental game. Cannabis always helped me control the mental side, and this is why I’m a huge advocate.\nCN: Kind of like your NBA career, it’s hard to keep track of all the things you’ve accomplished while working in the cannabis industry – there have been so many! Can you give us a run-down of some favorite projects/ventures?\nMB: My first thing is advocacy. The second I retired, I started speaking [about cannabis]. I was able to executive produce a piece for Bleacher Report called B/R x 4/20, and it was the first time you ever saw retired NBA and NFL players smoking cannabis on television, telling the world why [they] used it. I was kind of worried about how the world was gonna take to professional athletes on TV smoking weed, but it was nothing but positivity. That paved the way for me to freely speak for it.\nI teamed up with UCLA for a little bit to work on their cannabis research program. I’m a part owner of Seven Leaves, which is a cannabis company in my hometown of Sacramento. We’re growing under 3,000 lights right now and really making a splash in the space. I teamed up with Eaze and have an advisory role on their Momentum Program, helping get into the social equity space and allowing people of color to have an equal opportunity. If you look at the numbers, there are only about 3 percent people of color in the cannabis space, which is terrible in my opinion. I’m proud to say I’m really helping push this movement forward.\nCN: How do you feel about the equity programs that are in place now. Do you think that they’re effective at all, or do they still have a long way to go?\nMB: It’s a lot to handle. Starting them was the right thing to do, but starting and actually finishing are two different things. I think there’s plenty that needs to be learned in the process. You are giving people who have never run or owned a business the opportunity to compete in a very competitive market. That’s why I think a lot of the minority [business owners] don’t last – because our people don’t have expertise in running businesses overall. I think there should be programs that allow [people of color] to be part of [the industry] but also educate them, which I think is a huge part of anyone’s success. The Momentum Program through Eaze is educating [people], and there’s a handful of other programs out there that are teaching people the ropes, so when they get in a position to secure licensing and try to go vertical in their business, they’re fully equipped.\nCN: If you could pick one thing to change about the cannabis industry right now, what would it be?\nMB: Just equal footing for minorities. That’s it. Like I’ve said, I think we were affected most by [the War on Drugs] but are still last in line. We missed prohibition, we missed the Gold Rush, and we can’t miss this Green Rush. That is my goal coming into this space – to continue to educate people, create opportunities and jobs and situations for people of color to excel in. We’ve been directly affected by this the most – losing our dads, our brothers, our sisters, our aunts, uncles, grandparents either to death or jail because of this plant. We need our reparations for this.\nCN: This past year, with the Black Lives Matter movement breaking through to the mainstream, we saw many companies worldwide making statements in support of Black lives like never before. Were you observing the cannabis industry’s response, and do you think they handled it well compared to other industries?\nMB: I think it’s important for all industries to do something. Now we’ve pulled back the blanket of how nasty this country has been at times and still can be. I think businesses want to align themselves with our people and in our communities, but I think what is important – and a lot of businesses miss the boat with this – is they’re trying to fix stuff in our communities with nobody from our communities guiding them. That’s why I think it’s important for myself to be a part of this movement.\nFor example, if you have no idea what my community is like, or what Compton is like, or the Chicago ghettos, how can you effectively help? Sometimes money is thrown at the biggest name or the biggest corporation, and they may not actually be doing the best work for those communities. It takes a little bit of due diligence; these companies need to be doing their homework.\nCN: We saw a video of you bringing that sentiment to the national stage when you were pushing Biden about the controversial 1994 crime bill*. What was that moment like, and how did you feel about his response?\nMB: The moment was surreal. I wasn’t gung-ho about Biden and Harris because with both of their track records, they’ve done a lot of damage in our communities. But I got the opportunity to go out there and talk to him and meet him, speak for him at a rally and go to some voting polls. He wanted minorities to vote for him, and the first thing that people are going to bring up is the crime bill. Hearing him break down the crime bill, describing the parts that he was against while understanding that he couldn’t get everything that he wanted, he went with what was presented after there was pushback – because we needed something at that time. I’m not saying the crime bill was the answer, but we needed something. The government put guns and drugs in the hood in the early ‘80s. I was just excited at the opportunity to get to talk to [Biden], and I really felt like we helped him get in office. Now our job is to hold him and Kamala Harris accountable.\n*The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, now known as the 1994 crime bill, gave billions in funding to state prisons and police while disenfranchising people of color.\nCN: Do you think decriminalization and adult-legalization will continue to be led by the states, or will the Biden-Harris administration bring about federal cannabis laws?\nMB: I’m hoping state-by-state [cannabis legislation] continues, but it would be great to get a federal overhaul and just legalize it. Once we figure out a sweet point for taxation, this is going to be a huge revenue maker for all these states. Cannabis is the one thing that brings everyone together. I feel like if everyone smoked weed, the world would be a better place overall, and that’s no bullsh*t. Hopefully this plant can not only bring financial stability to states across the country, but also bring people together.\nCN: Since you are a father and family man, as well as a cannabis advocate, have you had any talks about the plant with your kids?\nMB: You know, we had that conversation when [my twins] were…about nine maybe? I never smoke in front of my kids, but one night I put them to sleep and went out to smoke a joint by the pool. I guess one of the boys had looked through their window and saw me smoking because they came down the next morning and said, “Dad, if you smoke cigarettes, your lungs are gonna turn black!” So, I kept it real and said, “You know how Daddy plays basketball and his back, knees and ankles hurt? When they give me medicine [for the pain], it gives me an upset stomach. And when I smoke a joint, it makes all my pain go away and helps me sleep.” One of the twins was like, “Oh, okay. Well, Dad my ankle hurts. When can I smoke?” I was like, “Oh sh*t.” [Laughs]\nCN: This is for the weed nerds out there. Can you tell us what strains you’ve been into lately?\nMB: I’ve been really into our homegrown strains. We have a Blue Slush at Seven Leaves that I’m really enjoying. Vovo and Bon Bons [are strains] from our facility that I’m also really enjoying. If you are in California and get a chance, check those out. Hopefully with our expansion, we can start getting them all over the country.\nI don’t smoke as much anymore because I’m really busy, and I’m a father of three, but I still do have my two or three joints a day. I wake and bake; I’ll get a mid-day joint; and I’ll have one to put me to sleep, so I’m across the board as far as hybrids, sativas and indicas. It’s just kind of a way of life. Smoking has always been there for me, and it’ll always be there for me. I will continue to advocate for it, and hopefully help change some regulations in professional sports and even some laws.\nThe NBA halted their cannabis testing program when the 2019-2020 season resumed in order to avoid unnecessary contact due to COVID-19 concerns. This policy has continued throughout the 2020-2021 season. The NBA has not made a formal statement or confirmed if they will discontinue testing or penalize players for cannabis use.\nThis interview has been edited for length and clarity.\nRelated Topics:Cannabis, Cannabis and sports, Drug testing, Eaze, issue 41, Los Angeles, Matt Barnes, NBA, Seven Leaves\nMore in Culture\nBy Chris Roberts January 11, 2022\nTerrible pay, high turnover, and no training standards: the person selling you your weed deserves better.\nBy Nikki Lastreto January 6, 2022\nKeeping a close eye on your cannabis after harvest is critical to ensuring optimum quality by...\nBy Ricardo Baca January 1, 2022\nThe post-prohibition, consumption-friendly cannabis celebration is on!\nHow to Smoke a Joint Like a Cannabis Connoisseur\nRotini Tech: How To Use Dried Pasta As a Crutch\nMeet 4 MILLION Cannabis Fans →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line362164"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.619753897190094,"wiki_prob":0.619753897190094,"text":"Public involvement and partnerships\nTechnical Notification on Health Canada's Proposal to Enable the Use of Dimethyl Dicarbonate as a Preservative in Wine and in Unstandardized Water-Based Non-alcoholic Beverages\nInformation and Notification Document on Health Canada's Proposal to Enable the Use of Dimethyl Dicarbonate as a Preservative in Wine and in Unstandardized Water-Based Non-Alcoholic Beverages\nNotice to the reader:\nThe online consultation is now closed.\nAs a result of this process, a modification was made to the List of Permitted Preservatives to enable the use of dimethyl dicarbonate as a preservative in wine and in unstandardized water-based non-alcoholic beverages on May 22, 2013. The proposed use of this food additive in Canada as described is now enabled.\nFor more information on this initiative, please contact the Bureau of Chemical Safety's Chemical Health Hazard Assessment Division at bcs-bipc@hc-sc.gc.ca.\n(PDF Version - 382 K)\nHealth Canada received a food additive submission seeking approval for the use of dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) as a preservative at a maximum level of use of 250 parts per million (ppm) in various unstandardized water-based non-alcoholic beverages and at a maximum level of use of 200 ppm in wine. Unstandardized water-based non-alcoholic beverages includes such products as ready-to-drink teas, fruit-flavoured sport drinks, energy drinks, and carbonated flavoured soft drinks.\nThe results of Health Canada's evaluation of the available scientific data support the safety and efficacy of DMDC when used as requested. Therefore, it is the intention of Health Canada to amend Part 3 of the List of Permitted Preservatives by adding the following entry to the list:\nProposed Amendment to Part 3 of the List of Permitted Preservatives\nPermitted in or Upon\nMaximum Level of Use and Other Conditions\nDimethyl dicarbonate (1) Unstandardized water-based non-alcoholic beverages (1) 250 ppm\n(2) Wine (2) 200 ppm\nHealth Canada's Food Directorate has completed a pre-market safety and efficacy assessment of DMDC used as described above. The assessment considered microbiological, toxicological, and technical aspects of the proposal.\nAlthough the growth of all microorganisms would not be controlled by this chemical, for example certain types of heat- and baro-resistant ascospores of heat-resistant moulds, Health Canada's Food Directorate has concluded that the data provided demonstrate the efficacy of DMDC against yeast, some types of fermentative spoilage bacteria such as Lactobacillus, and moulds, including heat-resistant fungi that could survive pasteurization treatment. In addition, when DMDC is used in wine, the amount of any added sulphite (which is already permitted in wine as an antimicrobial preservative) can be reduced, since the synergistic effect of sulfites and DMDC against bacteria and yeast has been demonstrated in wines of different acidity.\nDMDC exerts its technical effect immediately after addition to the beverage or wine by inactivating microbial enzymes, but it is hydrolyzed to methanol and carbon dioxide after several hours. Therefore, since there is no dietary exposure to DMDC, potential exposure to substances formed from the hydrolysis of DMDC was considered. Scientists within Health Canada's Food Directorate utilized Canadian food intake figures and took into consideration other potential dietary sources of these substances to develop its exposure assessment. It was determined that the low level of exposure to these hydrolysis products as a result of the use of DMDC would not be of toxicological concern.\nHealth Canada's Food Directorate also reviewed the potential exposure to an impurity in DMDC and possible reaction products that could form when DMDC is used in beverages. No toxicological concern was identified for the very low levels of these substances that might be present in beverages from the use of DMDC as a preservative.\nBased on the results of the safety assessment, Health Canada's Food Directorate scientists consider that the data demonstrate the safety in use of DMDC under the requested conditions of use, that is, 250 ppm in unstandardized water-based non-alcoholic beverages and 200 ppm in wine. The Department is therefore proposing to enable the use of DMDC as described in the above table.\nOther Relevant Information:\nGiven that one of the proposed areas of use is wine, for which there is a compositional standard (section B.02.100 [S], Division 2 of the Food and Drug Regulations), a targeted consultation on the acceptability of the proposal was carried out with the Canadian Vintners Association (CVA). The CVA found no objections to the proposed use of DMDC in wine among its membership.\nThe proposed use of DMDC is consistent with the international Codex General Standard for Food Additives, which includes entries for the use of DMDC in \"water-based flavoured drinks\", including \"sport,\" \"energy,\" or \"electrolyte\" drinks and \"particulated drinks\" to a maximum of 250 mg/kg; and in \"grape wines\" to a maximum level of 200 mg/kg.\nFor additional information or to submit comments related to this proposal, please contact:\nBureau of Chemical Safety\n251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway\nTunney's Pasture, PL: 2203B\nOttawa, Ontario K1A 0L2\nE-mail to: bcs-bipc@hc-sc.gc.ca\nWhen communicating by e-mail, please use the words \"dimethyl dicarbonate\" in the subject box of your e-mail. Health Canada is able to consider information received by December 23, 2012 at 11:59 p.m. EDT, 60 days from date of this posting.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line988424"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6659883856773376,"wiki_prob":0.6659883856773376,"text":"zenpolitics\tin Books, democracy, Europe, government, Literature, Media, Poetry, Politics, Travel, USA\t Feb 26, 2021 Feb 26, 2021 998 Words\nPoetry and politics out of San Francisco\nFerlinghetti and Hirschman, and remembering also the Turkish writer, Ahmet Altan\nBack in the 1950s and 60s people were living on the edge, as they are now, in Covid times. The threat of nuclear war was ever-present. And by the 60s many of us were engaged in a fully-fledged protest movement. But we could be out there, talking, drinking, smoking, demonstrating. And a whole lot more.\nI’ve been reading two San Francisco poets, Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Jack Hirschman. Back in 1953 Ferlinghetti founded the City Lights Bookstore, and in 1956 he published Allen Ginsberg’s Howl, and after he was prosecuted famously won a court case asserting the right of free speech under the First Amendment. Some forty years later, in 1998, he was named the first San Francisco Poet Laureate. Hirschman, in 2006, was the fourth.\nI had a Hirschman book on order… this was last Monday. The following day there arrived an email from a friend over in the States with a PS – had I seen the news, Ferlinghetti had just died. Aged 101. I’m sad, really sad, he’s gone. Amazed he was still alive.\nRemember Howl? OK, you don’t remember. We weren’t alive or we were too young. But it’s a manifesto for anarchy, of a very 1950s and 60s kind. Not the destructive anarchy of the New Right of our own time. It’s the dream anarchy that the world will somehow set itself right. It’s just that ‘America’ is getting in the way. Ginsberg celebrates ‘the best minds of his generation’, they’re ‘angel-headed hipsters … who poverty and tatters and hollowed-eyed and high sat up smoking in the supernatural darkness of cold-water flats floating across the tops of cities contemplating jazz’. It’s political – but it doesn’t have a prospectus. It just wants you to know that it scorns the whole crazy moneyed apparatus of society.\nFerlinghetti also had the anarchist instinct but he was a practical guy. Founded the bookstore, published Howl, won that court case. But he also knew how to hit home: his is a ‘concrete continent/ spaced with bland billboards/ illustrating imbecile illusions of happiness’. (A Coney Island of the Mind, 1958) Come 2007 he was more relaxed, the gentrification of San Francisco a big issue. But he was still campaigning for ‘poems that say something supremely original and supremely important, which everyone aches to hear, poetry that cries out to be heard, poetry that’s news’. Maybe the mass media might just print it, if it was ‘a new kind of news’. Though maybe ‘poets would still be ignored by our dominant culture, because they’re saying what our materialist, technophiliac world doesn’t want to hear’.\nHe was also asking that big question – what exactly what is a poet? He’s like an acrobat ‘on a high wire of his own making/ … a little charliechaplin man/ who may or may not catch/her fair eternal form’ when she comes swinging toward him. That’s from ‘A Coney Island’. His ‘Challenges to Young Poets’ from forty years later keeps it simple: ‘Write short poems in the voice of birds.’\nHirschman was something else, a Street not a Beat poet, a radical communist. (His book, ‘All That’s Left’, arrived yesterday.) ‘It was the Street poets who united with common causes…’ He celebrated SF’s Cafe Trieste, where you’d find ‘local radiances like Lawrence Ferlinghetti’, and ‘the older Beats and Baby Beats and the commies, the surrealists, the anarchists, the socialists, the jazzmen, the urban screwballs, the walk-in weirdos’. From another age he remembered ‘Federico, who would die for poetry’ – Lorca was a hero. ‘The sinking house of the setting sun’ was how he characterised New Orleans after Katrina. And, remembering the Virginia Tech massacre of thirty-two people, he wrote, ‘and now you know what a market/in old Baghdad feels like.’.\nBy contrast, the latter-day Ferlinghetti could be whimsical, a poet to smile and relax with in poems such as the ‘Green Street Mortuary Marching Band’. But he was still the same man. ‘To the Oracle at Delphi’ talks of America as a ‘new Empire … with its electronic highways/carrying its corporate monoculture/round the world’. (San Francisco Poems, 2001)\nHirschman never let up – hasn’t I’m sure to this day. You may or may not appreciate his encomium on Fidel Castro. But in the case of Mumia (Mumia Abu-Jamal) he drills his message home. Black Panther background, sentenced to death for murder in 1981, commuted in 2001, still in jail, many still arguing his case and his cause. Mumia has studied, taken a degree, written books, and inspired, all from jail. Hirschman imagines his final victory – ‘your victory will be the priceless uplifting of the human spirit’.\nHe refers to Mumia as the ‘Nazim Hikmet/of the American grain, that Turkish poet who/spent 26 years in prison…. No amount of bars/or shackles can chain/the revolutionary impulse/of the human heart’.\nMumia’s case still divides America, along party lines, Right and Left. I am, over in the UK, in no position to comment on the rights and wrongs of his conviction. But the reference to Nazim Hikmet does strike home.\nIn our own time, as some of us are planning holidays in Turkey, we have the extraordinary and vicious incarceration of Turkish journalists and writers (and teachers and lawyers and many others) under the Erdogan regime. One is the writer Ahmet Altan, arrested in 2016, then released and re-arrested the same day. Now serving a life sentence. In his book (smuggled as extracts from jail), ‘Never will I see the world again’, he writes:\n‘Never again would I be able to kiss the woman I love, embrace my kids, meet with my friends…I would not be able to listen to a violin concerto or to go on a trip or browse in bookstores or buy bread from a bakery or gaze at the sea…’\nIt’s a long paragraph. And it hit me hard.\n'I Will Never See The World Again'\nConey Island of the Mind\nFerlinghetti\nJack Hirschman\nSan Francisco's Poet Laureate\nGetting yourself noticed\nA year-long foreign-policy review has come to this …","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1362559"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9766137599945068,"wiki_prob":0.9766137599945068,"text":"BritainMay 7th 2005 edition\nBagehot\nTogether again (for now)\nA four-week break from the office helped Tony and Gordon rediscover what they had lost. Will it last?\nTONY BLAIR may have the most famous (and most irritating) grin in British politics, but during this election campaign, it is the image of the supposedly dour, often sullen chancellor wreathed in smiles that will stick in the memory.\nIt is not quite true, as some have suggested, that Gordon Brown has been the dominant figure of the campaign—that, for both good and ill, has been Mr Blair. What is not in doubt is that Mr Brown has emerged from the campaign politically stronger than ever before. Moreover, he has done so not at Mr Blair's expense, but by giving the prime minister the kind of unstinting support that has often been lacking during the past eight years.\nGiven their recent history, the transformation in the Blair-Brown relationship during the past four weeks has been remarkable. On the eve of the campaign, there was still uncertainty as to what role Mr Brown would play. He had been infuriated by Mr Blair's decision to stay in the job for a few more years, by the resurrection of an old enemy, Alan Milburn, to take charge of Labour's re-election strategy and by rumours that he would be forced to move to the Foreign Office. But the notion that he would be a peripheral, sulky figure during the campaign was always implausible. For all their differences, Mr Brown and Mr Blair both wanted Labour to get the largest majority possible.\nYet their willingness, once Labour's focus groups had revealed that pictures of them together provoked much greater enthusiasm than when they were on their own, to turn themselves into an unprecedented election double act was unexpected. For both men, it involved swallowing resentment and pride. For Mr Blair, it was an admission that he had been so tarnished by Iraq that Labour's chances of a third term might be jeopardised if he were the lone figurehead of the campaign. For Mr Brown, it was an acceptance that his own fate remained inextricably tied to that of Mr Blair. So determined are they both to hold on to power that what might seem impossible to normal people was, to them, fairly easy.\nWhat followed initially provoked guffaws from political reporters who had spent years covering their feuds. A party political broadcast directed by Anthony Minghella—a syrupy portrait of a political marriage in which they gazed into each other's eyes and chuckled over memories of old spats—seemed to invite ridicule. But only days later came the launch of Labour's manifesto at which Mr Brown talked enthusiastically about the part that private providers could play in offering choice in publicly funded health care. Even hardened cynics were taken aback.\nFrom that point onwards, the two men were hardly ever seen out of each other's company, rushing to Birmingham to share the pain of the wretched Rover workers, pumping the flesh to get the vote out in marginal constituencies, and appearing in countless photo opportunities and press conferences. When, at the end of last week, the attorney-general's advice on the legality of the war was leaked to newspapers and journalists scented blood, the chancellor interposed his body between Mr Blair and the media pack. The prime minister, said Mr Brown, had not only behaved entirely properly in the run-up to war, but he would have done exactly the same thing. Turning up to be interviewed by Sir David Frost last Sunday, Mr Blair said chirpily: “I'm on my own this morning.”\nIt isn't just the ruthless professionalism of a couple of seasoned politicians. There's more to it than that. The body language has become increasingly relaxed; their tributes to each other are no longer paid through gritted teeth. Thrown together by necessity during the campaign, they started talking to each other in a way they had not for more than a decade and rediscovered, to their surprise, something close to mutual admiration. What nobody knows, including them, is whether their rapprochement will survive after May 6th.\nA test for Mr Brown\nHopes that it may rest on two assumptions. The first is that Mr Brown no longer wants to cast himself as the drag anchor on public-service reform. That may be because his old opposition was driven less by ideology than by the need to find differences with his former friend. It may also be because policies he was once sceptical about are beginning to work: the English NHS, for instance, is performing better than the unreformed versions in Scotland and Wales. Mr Brown's allies maintain that it is nonsense to suggest he has been anti-reform: what irked the chancellor was the self-consciously confrontational way in which Mr Blair set about it. Mr Brown, they say, is happy with both the distinctly New Labour manifesto and the departmental five-year plans that preceded it.\nThe second assumption is that Mr Brown is reconciled to allowing Mr Blair to carry on for another three years, should he wish to do so, without staging a repeat of the kind of power play that he and his followers mounted about a year ago. In the past few weeks, Mr Blair has as good as anointed Mr Brown as his chosen successor; it is also quite possible that he will quit sooner, especially if the government holds and loses a referendum on the European constitution. For his part, Mr Brown would like nothing better than a smooth transition that would remove the risk of the bitterness that still poisons the Tory party 15 years after Margaret Thatcher was forced out as leader.\nIt could, however, just as easily turn sour. Mr Brown's self-styled supporters, many of them restless and disaffected, some of them fundamentally hostile to New Labour, have caused plenty of trouble in the past between the prime minister and the chancellor and yearn to see the back of Mr Blair. The future, not just for the Blair-Brown relationship, but also for Labour's ability to win power, may well depend on how determined Mr Brown is to rein them in.\nThis article appeared in the Britain section of the print edition under the headline \"Together again (for now)\"\nMore from Britain\nBoris Johnson’s career of rule-breaking runs into crisis\nBritain’s energy crisis\nExpensive energy is baked into Britain’s future\nChoosing to look away\nOmicron and the logic of testing\nMatch and dispatch\nNon-religious celebrants are leading more of England’s funerals\nWhat did you expect from Boris Johnson?\nFrom smashing the political status quo to partying during lockdown\nIt’s not cheap being green\nBritain ponders an end to free lateral-flow tests. America is just starting\nThey could soon get the right to marry people, too\nThe prime minister, in his own way, is Britain’s most honest politician","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line345679"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9022508859634399,"wiki_prob":0.9022508859634399,"text":"Entertaitment\nCreated: 19 August 2018\nAuthor:Bishal Giri\nAuthor's Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.\nLeBron Raymone James (born December 30, 1984) is an American basketball player with the Los Angeles Lakers who garnered the first national attention as the top high school basketball player in the country. He became a four-time NBA MVP with his athleticism and vision. LeBron James became an immediate star after skipping college to join the NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers. After leading the Miami Heat to titles in 2012 and 2013, James returned to Cleveland and won a third championship with Cleveland in 2016.\nChildhood and Early Life\nBorn in Akron, Ohio, in 1984, James is the single child of Gloria James. Gloria struggled to provide for James during his childhood. His father, Anthony McClelland, has an extensive criminal record and was not involved in their life. When James was about five years old, he and his mother moved seven times in a year. Life was often a struggle for the family, as they moved from apartment to apartment in the seedier neighborhoods of Akron while Gloria struggled to find steady work. For a couple of years during elementary school, James lived with a foster family. Regardless of any troubles they may have had, however, James and his mother have a close and strong relationship.\nJames played high school basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio. He joined the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2003 as the first overall draft pick. James quickly emerged as a league star and concluded his first season by winning the NBA Rookie of the Year Award. However, after falling short of the expectations set by the media, fans, and himself, James departed Cleveland in 2010 as a free agent to sign with the Miami Heat.\nOn January 1, 2012, Lebron James proposed to his high school sweetheart, Savannah Brinson and married in a private ceremony with about 200 guests in San Diego on September 14, 2013. James and Brinson have two sons and one daughter together. In October 2004, James welcomed his first son LeBron Jr. On June 14, 2007, Brinson gave birth to their second son, Bryce Maximus James. Their third child, daughter Zhuri James, was born on October 22, 2014.\nStanding 6 feet 8 inches and weighing 250 pounds, James can play forward and power as well as other three positions. His athletic and versatile playing style has drawn comparisons to Hall of Famers Oscar Robertson, Magic Johnson, and Michael Jordan. James's career averages are 27.2 points, 7.4 rebounds, 7.2 assists, and 1.6 steals per game.\nNet Worth and Salary\nAccording to Forbes magazine, LeBron James’ net worth was $275 million.\nJames made his Olympic debut at the 2004 Summer Games in Athens, Greece and won, bronze medals after defeating Lithuania. In the summer of 2008, James traveled to Beijing, China, to play with the likes of Bryant, Jason Kidd and Dwyane Wade on the U.S. Olympic basketball team. The team brought home the gold after defeating Spain in the final round .James competed at his third Olympic Games in 2012, at the Summer Olympics in London. The U.S. basketball team took the gold medal — James' second consecutive Olympic gold.\nJames has worked to help others through his charity works, establishing the LeBron James Family Foundation in 2004, along his mother Gloria, where he help out children and single-parent families in need. Among its various programs, the organization builds playgrounds in economically disadvantaged areas.\nAchievements and Honors\nJames' NBA accomplishments include four NBA Most Valuable Player Awards, three NBA Finals MVP Awards, two Olympic gold medals, three All-Star Game MVP awards, and an NBA scoring title. He is the all-time NBA playoffs scoring leader and has amassed fourteen NBA All-Star Game appearances, twelve All-NBA First Team designations, and five All-Defensive First Team honors.\nVisit The Saint Leonard Health and Research Foundation\nWhen Was the Fire Station(Engine Co.18) of Newark, NJ created?\nCopyright Reserved @Gentleman Gentlemen ™\nDesigned By RadioManTech, Inc.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1095312"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.656406819820404,"wiki_prob":0.656406819820404,"text":"Man convicted after shootout with Manatee sheriff's deputies\nMANATEE COUNTY — A man was found guilty of attempted manslaughter after he fired multiple shots at deputies, saying he thought he was shooting at burglars.\nAccording to the office of Ed Brodsky, state attorney for the 12th Judicial Circuit, a jury convicted Mark Davis, 37, on Thursday in the Feb. 6, 2017, incident.\nOn that date, Davis called 911 and reported that shots had been fired. When Manatee County Sheriff's Office deputies arrived at his home in the 3600 block of 29th St. E. and attempted to make contact with Davis at the front door, he fired about 25 shots at them through his bedroom window. Deputies returned fire, and Davis was later arrested. No one was injured.\nAt his trial, Davis testified that he believed he was shooting at burglars. Prosecutors said there was no evidence at the scene or on his surveillance video to support that belief.\nSentencing will take place at a later date. Davis faces a maximum sentence of 45 years in prison.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1481436"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5521095991134644,"wiki_prob":0.44789040088653564,"text":"Uncommitted Senior Showcase – Pre-registration FINAL DAY (VIDEO)\nrecruit757 has offered this event for years and it is your best shot at a late scholarship offer by Andy Hilton, recruit757 I’ve seen it happen. Year after year. High school seniors who have almost given up on realizing their dream of playing college football have seen that dream reignited at the recruit757 Uncommitted Senior…\n2018 All-757 Freshman/Sophomore Teams\nAll-757 Freshman/Sophomore POY: Lake Taylor RB Malik Newton and Princess Anne DB Tony Grimes (Photos: Lance Hinton and Mary Ann Magnant/recruit757) The All-757 Freshman/Sophomore teams give you the names you’ll cheer for in the years to come by Andy Hilton, recruit757 There’s one thing about high school football; every year is a rebuilding year in…\nPrincess Anne downs Lake Taylor, 57-47 (VIDEO)\n757 Basketball, Ultimate RecruitBy Andy Hilton December 29, 2018 Leave a comment\nThe semifinal of the Boo Williams Christmas Classic sees Princess Anne prevail by Andy Hilton, recruit757 Like a prize fight, the game between Lake Taylor and Princess Anne was the title match. Both squads came in undefeated and rarely challenged. Both came out having been challenged, but the VHSL Class 5 defending State Champion Lady…\nMarshall offers Life Christian WR Joe Johnson\n757 Football, 804 Football, Ultimate RecruitBy Andy Hilton December 29, 2018 Leave a comment\nLCA WR/CB Joe Johnson (Photo: Andy Hilton/recruit757) Life Christian WR Joe Johnson, III secures offer from Marshall University by Brandon Mitchell, recruit804 Prior to the start of the summer, Joe Johnson, III was left with a decision to make. His choices were to either stay at Hermitage and continue to develop under newly hired Derrick…\nPrime Time in Girls Hoops: Lake Taylor vs. Princess Anne\n757 Basketball, 804 Basketball, NoVa BasketballBy Andy Hilton December 28, 2018 Leave a comment\nLake Taylor guard JaNaiya Quinerly (photo: Antowyne Shaw/recruit757) Class 5 Powerhouse Princess Anne meets Class 4 Force Lake Taylor Friday Night by Andy Hilton, recruit757 The weather is cooling off… really, it’s supposed to… and the basketball season is heating up. Why not a ready for prime time match up early in the season? Hampton’s…\n2018 All-757 Junior Teams\nrecruit757 Junior Players of the Year, KeAndre Lambert of Maury and Nehki Meredith of Bishop Sullivan (Photos: Andy Hilton and Mary Ann Magnant/recruit757) Here are the players that will absolutely be the talent to watch in the 2019 season by Andy Hilton, recruit757 It’s time for the next man up. We’ve honored the best of…\n2018 All-757 Teams\nAll-757 Players of the Year: Lake Taylor RB Malik Newton and Cox DB Tayvion Robinson (Photos: Andy Hilton/recruit757) Malik Newton and Tayvion Robinson headline the All-757 teams Editor’s note: our recruit757 All-Region selections encompass the entire 757 region and the 62 high schools that play high school football in the region. When a player is…\n2018 All-NoVA Teams\nNoVa Football, NoVArecruit, Ultimate RecruitBy Andy Hilton December 25, 2018 Leave a comment\nDevyn Ford and Tyquan Brown, two of our recruitNoVA Players of the Year (Photos: Andy Hilton/recruitNoVA) Talent rich Northern Virginia is broadly represented in the 2018 All-NoVA teams Editor’s note: our recruitNoVA All-Region selections encompass the entire Northern Virginia region and the 83 high schools that play high school football in the region. When a…\nAll-804 Offensive Players of the Year: Brendon Clark of Manchester and D’Vonte Waller of Highland Springs (Photos: Joe Barnes/recruit804) D’Vonte Waller, Brendon Clark and Brandon Smith headline the All-804 teams Editor’s note: our recruit804 All-Region selections encompass the entire 804 region and the 58 high schools that play high school football. When a player is…\nAll-757 Game won by the PD/BRD (VIDEO)\nThe Peninsula edges the Southside in the All-757 Classic by Andy Hilton, recruit757 Senior athletes from around the region played their last game of High School Football at Powhatan Field in the annual 757 Football Classic. “This is always fun. It’s all about pride. Pride in the Southside, pride in the Peninsula and pride in…\n23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220\n2262272282292302312322332342352362372382392402412422432442452462472482492502512522532542552562572582592602612622632642652662672682692702712722732742752762772782792802812822832842852862872882892902912922932942952962972982993003013023033043053063073083093103113123133143153163173183193203213223233243253263273283293303313323333343353363373383393403413423433443453463473483493503513523533543553563573583593603613623633643653663673683693703713723733743753763773783793803813823833843853863873883893903913923933943953963973983994004014024034044054064074084094104114124134144154164174184194204214224234244254264274284294304314324334344354364374384394404414424434444454464474484494504514524534544554564574584594604614624634644654664674684694704714724734744754764774784794804814824834844854864874884894904914924934944954964974984995005015025035045055065075085095105115125135145155165175185195205215225235245255265275285295305315325335345355365375385395405415425435445455465475485495505515525535545555565575585595605615625635645655665675685695705715725735745755765775785795805815825835845855865875885895905915925935945955965975985996006016026036046056066076086096106116126136146156166176186196206216226236246256266276286296306316326336346356366376386396406416426436446456466476486496506516526536546556566576586596606616626636646656666676686696706716726736746756766776786796806816826836846856866876886896906916926936946956966976986997007017027037047057067077087097107117127137147157167177187197207217227237247257267277287297307317327337347357367377387397407417427437447457467477487497507517527537547557567577587597607617627637647657667677687697707717727737747757767777787797807817827837847857867877887897907917927937947957967977987998008018028038048058068078088098108118128138148158168178188198208218228238248258268278288298308318328338348358368378388398408418428438448458468478488498508518528538548558568578588598608618628638648658668678688698708718728738748758768778788798808818828838848858868878888898908918928938948958968978988999009019029039049059069079089099109119129139149159169179189199209219229239249259269279289299309319329339349359369379389399409419429439449459469479489499509519529539549559569579589599609619629639649659669679689699709719729739749759769779789799809819829839849859869879889899909919929939949959969979989991,0001,0011,0021,0031,0041,0051,0061,0071,0081,0091,0101,0111,0121,0131,0141,0151,0161,0171,0181,0191,0201,0211,0221,0231,0241,0251,0261,0271,0281,0291,0301,0311,0321,0331,0341,0351,0361,0371,0381,0391,0401,0411,0421,0431,0441,0451,0461,0471,0481,0491,0501,0511,0521,0531,0541,0551,0561,0571,0581,0591,0601,0611,0621,0631,0641,0651,0661,0671,0681,0691,0701,0711,0721,0731,0741,0751,0761,0771,0781,0791,0801,081\nAntonio Jackson - ATH\nSchool:Benedictine c/o 2024","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1673356"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6347572207450867,"wiki_prob":0.36524277925491333,"text":"The Pixel Hunt\nStudio de production de jeux du réel\nInua, a Story in Ice and Time\nBury me, my Love\nPosted on 26 April 2013 13 September 2018 by ThePixelHunt\nIntroducing the “Choose Your Own Adventure News Item”\nLast summer, I was delighted to be a columnist for #Antibuzz, a radio show about the internet, held by French public radio France Inter. Today, #Antibuzz is back, not as a radio broadcast but as a website, and I’ve been asked to talk once a month about new online storytelling formats. Well, this is great for at least two reasons : those questions are of the highest interest to me, and I already wrote a column last July about Anna Anthropy’s great Rise of the videogame Zinesters, and DIY videogames in general. I therefore decided to write my first digital #Antibuzz piece on another videogames related topic – in my opinion, they are a bottomless source of inspiration for anyone thinking about non-linear narratives and storytelling.\nWhat subject are videogames suited to tackle? They tend to get obsessed by war, they sometimes talk about strange italian plumbers… But are they fit to discuss, criticize, describe, explain or make fun of reality? Apparently not, at least not for Apple. In the past few months/years, the Cupertino brand indeed has banned from the App Store’s virtual shelves several games whose common ground was to hold a point of view on the real world.\nBut this article’s purpose isn’t to tell you my column’s story – if you’re interested, you can go and browse it – it’s written in French, though. What I’m going to do here is explain how I tried to give it an original form. In fact, this piece itself is a newsgame, or to be more specific, a “Choose Your Own Narrative Chronicle”. I thought this form was particularly suited to the topic of Apple banning newsgames, but I can think of a lot of other journalistic topics that would benefit from such an editorial device.\nAs I wrote that column, my goal was twofold:\nIntroduce the reader to the four cases of Apple censorship that I had listed, while avoiding to write a classic text that would turn into a quite indigestible juxtaposition of examples.\nTry to write a piece of news that is “interactive”, i.e, that is structured around a discussion rather than a discourse.\nI am indeed convinced that the second point sums up the internet’s true comparative advantage. For the first time in the history of the press, journalists are truly able to leave a little room to their readers. We can adapt the way we tell them news stories, taking their interests, their questions and their priorities into consideration. This track deserves to be explored. Of course, such news pieces are more demanding for the readers, since it requires them to be active, rather than to “passively” read/watch/listen to a classic, linear journalistic discourse. But it also is potentially more immersive, more intense, more attention-grabbing. Compare this to an university course: which is the one you’d enjoy the most, the one in which you’ll have to participate or the boring, endless lecture?\nThen again, I must admit my column’s only partially interactive: the reader has to make choices for the narrative to unfold, but she’s only as “free” as I decided she’d. We are somehow closer to a Socratic approach than to a genuine discussion here. But take it as a first draft, produced in a bare two working days – I felt I had to put myself in real newsroom time constraints for the experiment to be interesting.\nLet’s write a system!\nMy (hyper)text’s general idea was to provide an overview of the games rejected by Apple because they talk about reality, and the specific reasons why they were turned down. So I started by making a list, noting each game’s specifics. One of them adopted a journalistic approach to deal with the conflict in Syria. Two others had political significance: the first dealt with sweatshops, the second with undocumented immigrants. And the last one, produced by a group of activists, had a “meta” dimension, since by criticizing the smartphones’ production line, it directly challenged Apple.\nBesides, I have discarder other games because they did not meet my journalistic angle. For example, Pipe Trouble is an online game that has suffered censorship because it dealt with the conflict between pipelines builders and environmentalists in Canada – it could have been an interesting case. But it is TVO, the Ontarian TV channel, which decided to take the game offline after several complaints, not Apple. Pipe Trouble thereby did not belong to my column.\nSo far, I had done basic journalistic job: identify the elements of the story, put each into context, and think about how they organize in relation to each other. But it is the rendering of this work that is different. Had I written a classic article, I would have decided to present my information in a static order (What exemple will I use as my piece’s hook? Which one will come next?…). But writing a non-linear chronicle implies to transfer this responsibility to the reader.\nI just did a bit of storytelling and asked the user to imagine she’s in charge of a video games compagny. What type of game will she produce? Will she wants to make a political game or a news-related game? Then if she opts for a political game, she’ll have to pick a theme: sweatshops or undocumented immigrants?…\nI then tell my reader about real-world game studios that have taken the same decisions she has, and introduce her with the obstacles they faced. Later in the story, when at least one of my reader’s games has been rejected by Apple, I’ll give her the opportunity to “take revenge” and develop another title, this time directly aimed at criticizing the Cupertino firm…\nNext step to the story: this way !\nWhat I’m doing here is I’m giving the reader the opportunity to explore the system I identified through my work as a journalist, and “rebuilt” as an interactive chronicle. In this system, there’s no way Apple would validate a game that talks about a real-world issues. Here’s the conclusion I want to bring my readers to, so that they’d finally ask themselves a question: why such a policy?\nTo get there, I’m using a game mechanic coined by Ian Bogost: the rhetoric of failure. In my story (as in reality), the reader’s games will always be rejected from the App Store, regardless of the choices she makes – that is, unless she decides to produce a purely distracting title, but in this case she’ll have relinquished her will to use games as a media to describe the real world. Once she’s suffered several rejections, I finally allow the reader to reach the piece’s “conclusion”: an attempted analysis of Apple’s policy, and an inventory of alternative solutions available to developers who’d like their products to exist out of the App Store and its censorship.\nHack your word processor\nHere’s for the approach to non-linear journalism. Now how did I manage to build this piece? Well I used a simple program, originally designed to write interactive fiction/CYOA games: Twine. This program has several advantages:\nIt is easy\nIt allows you to export your text in HTML format, thus making it compatible with every computer, tablet and even smartphone on the market\nIt can handle variables, which, through not mandatory, is extremely useful to provide narrative coherence (more on that later on)\nTwine’s interface’s quite austere, but it is very easy to use. You’ll start writing your text in a window, and when you’ll reach the part where you’d like to offer your reader a choice, you’ll simply select a word or phrase and click “create link” in the program menu. This will open a new window, where you’ll continue writing your text. Then, when you’ll export and publish your story, the user will simply have to click the words you selected (which appear in blue and bold) to continue reading.\nTwine’s interface is a bit rough around the edges, but efficient as hell\nAs you write, Twine drawe a map of your story. It’s very handy to check your reader’s available paths through it, and also to make sure they won’t be stuck in any narrative cul-de-sac. In the end, a story diagram may seem complex, but since you write it over the pen, you’ll easily be able to browse through it. For instance, here is how my #Antibuzz column looked like:\nThe story starts in the upper left corner and ends in the lower right\nTwine also accepts HTML tags, and other media integration: audio, video (Youtube embed works great), images… In a nutshell, through a bit of coding, you’ll be able to do all the things you can do in a basic news website’s CMS. For instance, my chronicle is enhanced with a series of links pointing to many articles written on each case of Apple censorship.\nBut what makes Twine a far better tool than a classic HTML editor is its ability to handle variables. Through some (once again very straigt-forward) code, you’ll be able to keep track of the passages your reader has reached. This is important because it gives you editorial control over your narrative. If you think the reader should not be able to access a part of your story without having previously read another, just tell Twine to display a link only if another one has already been clicked on. I did that in my column: I only presented the Molleindustria (the studio that produced a game directly critiquing Apple) case after at least one of my reader’s other games has been rejected by the Cupertino company.\nLet’s also note that using variable means you actually transform a text into a “real” game. To me, the definition of a game is quite wide: it’s an experience framed by rules and whose result varies depending on user actions. Using a variable to keep track of how many times each player is rejected by Apple before arriving at the narrative’s unfolding, I built one of the very first news-piece-with-a-score!\nOn this screenshot, the underlined text varies according to the path the reader took on her way to the narrative’s conclusion.\nWould you like to use Twine to conduct experiments in non-linear storytelling (be it journalistic or not), a very simple tutorial is available here. Incidentally, this software can also be very useful to imagine interactive documentaries architectures.\nThis article’s final point is that I think online newsrooms should learn how to use such tools, the same way they learned how to use Storify, Thinglink, Zeega or other multimedia storytelling tool. This could be an easy, efficient and quick solution to offer their readers new, more interactive, more immersive, and more “loyalty-building” stories. At a time of churnalism and info-zapping, when both readers and journalists are unsatisfied, this could be an interesting path to follow…\nCategoriesRead the Blog\nPrevious PostPrevious Interactive docs: how to help your audience go with the flow.\nNext PostNext Video games ain’t what they used to be…\nThe Wreck, The Pixel Hunt’s new game!\nInua – A Story in Ice and Time\nThe Kingdom of Istyald\nThe Moral of the Story\nMu: Dive into the Mucem\nA documentary film about Bury me, my Love\nBury me, my Love coming to PC and Nintendo Switch\nGoogle Play Developer Story about Bury me, my Love\nZero Impunity, the 3D march\nPolitique de confidentialité\tProudly powered by WordPress","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1386369"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6394842863082886,"wiki_prob":0.6394842863082886,"text":"OpinionPaywalls\nOpen, free access to academic research? This will be a seismic shift\nOpening up access to academic research will put more data and power in the hands of the people who pay for it\nWikipedia's Jimmy Wales will be helping ensure that the publicly funded portal promotes collaboration and engagement. Photograph: Peter Macdiarmid/Getty\nMy department spends about £5bn each year funding academic research – and it is because we believe in the fundamental importance of this research that we have protected the science budget for the whole of this parliament.\nWe fund this research because it furthers human knowledge and drives intellectual, social and economic progress. In line with our commitment to open information, tomorrow I will be announcing at the Publishers Association annual meeting that we will make publicly funded research accessible free of charge to readers. Giving people the right to roam freely over publicly funded research will usher in a new era of academic discovery and collaboration, and will put the UK at the forefront of open research.\nThe challenge is how we get there without ruining the value added by academic publishers. The controversy about the status and reliability of reviews on TripAdvisor is a reminder of how precious genuine, objective peer review is. We still need to pay for such functions, which is why one attractive model – known as gold – has the funders of research covering the costs. Another approach, known as green, includes a closed period before wider release during which journals can earn revenues.\nWhile opening up the fruits of research is a seismic shift for academic publishing, it is not a leap into the unknown. There are many good examples in medicine. For instance, the Wellcome Trust requires all the research it funds to be made freely available online. A report this year from the U.S. Committee for Economic Development has concluded that the US National Institute of Health's policy of open access has accelerated the transition from basic research to commercialisation, generated more follow-on research and reduced duplicate or dead-end lines of inquiry – so increasing the US government's return on its investment in research. And the researcher Philip Davis has found that, when publishers randomly make articles open access on journal websites, readership increases by up to 250%.\nMoving from an era in which taxpayer-funded academic articles are stuck behind paywalls for much of their life to one in which they are available free of charge will not be easy. There are clear trade-offs. If those funding research pay open-access journals in advance, where will this leave individual researchers who can't cover the cost? If we improve the world's access to British research, what might we get in response? Does a preference for open access mean different incentives for different disciplines?\nThese questions explain why I have asked Dame Janet Finch, one of the UK's most experienced and respected academics, to produce a report setting out the steps needed to fulfil our radical ambition. She is working with all interested parties and her report will appear before the summer. It is expected to chart a course towards a world where academic articles are freely and openly available at or around the time of publication.\nTwenty years ago it would have been impossible to imagine an encyclopedia written by millions, openly and freely collaborating via the internet. Today, Wikipedia is an important part of our lives and its co-founder, Jimmy Wales, will be advising us on the common standards that will have to be agreed and adopted for open access to be a success, and also helping to make sure that the new government-funded portal for accessing research really promotes collaboration and engagement. We want to harness new technologies to enable people to comment and rate published papers in ways that were not possible before, and we want to develop new online channels that enable researchers from around the world to collaborate and share data and build new research partnerships. With Jimmy Wales's help, I'm confident that we can achieve all this and much more.\nOur commitment to open up access to academic research will help strengthen this information revolution, and put more data and power in the hands of people. It's proof that there are still dividing lines in British politics – and that we are firmly on the side of openness.\nPaywalls\nPeer review and scientific publishing\nOpen access scientific publishing","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1162751"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7159219980239868,"wiki_prob":0.2840780019760132,"text":"Medical Industry Feature\nUnderstanding Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension and the Role of Norepinephrine\nRestartResume\nTranscript PDF\nAnnouncer:\nWelcome to ReachMD.\nThis medical industry feature, titled “Understanding neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and the key role of norepinephrine” is sponsored by Lundbeck.\nYour guest is Dr. Satish R. Raj. Dr. Raj is Professor of Cardiac Services, Medical Director of Calgary Autonomic Clinic, and Chief of Cardiac Arhythmia Service at the University of Calgary in Canada. He is the past-president of the American Autonomic Society and now serves on the board of directors.\nDr. Raj:\nnOH is a rare but distinct subset of orthostatic hypotension caused by autonomic nervous system failure. It occurs frequently in patients with certain neurodegenerative disorders.\nnOH reflects an inability to maintain an adequate blood pressure in response to the orthostatic challenge of standing up.\nAlthough nOH presents as a hemodynamic problem, its potentially debilitating symptoms need to be the focus of clinical management. These can include dizziness, lightheadedness, blurry vision, fatigue, neck and shoulder pain, and cognitive impairment.\nStill, understanding the underlying pathophysiology may help align management approaches to patient needs.\nNormally, following a shift to an upright posture, blood shifts downward, to below the level of the heart, resulting in baroreceptors signaling the brain to initiate a compensatory response. Mediated by the neurotransmitter norepinephrine this signaling sustains blood pressure by promoting peripheral vasoconstriction.\nIn a setting of autonomic nervous system failure, inadequate norepinephrine release results in impaired vasoconstriction. Plasma norepinephrine levels may serve as one index of sympathetic function.\nIn a patient with nOH, normal to slightly reduced norepinephrine levels indicate lesions of preganglionic origin, as seen in Multiple System Atrophy, while very low levels of norepinephrine are characteristic of postganglionic lesions, observed in Pure Autonomic Failure. Both pre- and postganglionic lesions can be present in Parkinson’s disease patients with nOH. Their plasma norepinephrine levels typically fall below normal on standing up.\nIn symptomatic patients with nOH, blood pressure may be modulated by enhancing cholinergic activity in preganglionic sympathetic nerves, or replenishing endogenous norepinephrine in neuronal and non-neuronal tissues to activate both alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoreceptors in peripheral arteries and veins, or improving vascular resistance by exogenous stimulation of only the alpha-1 adrenoreceptors, or increasing sodium retention which expands blood volume to improve vascular pressure.\nChanges in blood pressure from supine to standing are a hallmark metric of nOH. However, after diagnosis, it is essential that we direct our efforts to addressing the burden of nOH symptoms.\nNon-pharmacological methods are a key component of nOH management and may be supplemented with pharmacological measures when symptoms persist.\nYou’ve been listening to ReachMD. This program was sponsored by Lundbeck. Dr. Satish Raj is a paid consultant for Lundbeck. If you missed any part of this discussion, visit www.ReachMD.com/IndustryFeature. This is ReachMD. Be part of the knowledge.\nGuest Satish R. Raj, MD, MSCI\nView an animated exploration of the pathogenesis of nOH, as well as the mechanisms behind therapeutic approaches to controlling its effects.\nLikeLikedUnlike\nNeurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) is a subset of orthostatic hypotension and is prevalent in patients with autonomic dysfunction.1,2 In these patients, there is insufficient compensatory peripheral release of norepinephrine, the major neurotransmitter responsible for blood pressure maintenance, upon standing or following postural change.2-4 Due to this norepinephrine deficiency, there is inadequate vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure or cerebral blood flow.1,5 This may lead to symptoms of nOH which may increase the risk of falls and lead to serious consequences.2,3,6\nHere. Dr. Satish Raj, Professor of Cardiac Sciences at the Libin Cardiovascular Institute at the University of Calgary's Cumming School of Medicine and Medical Director of Calgary Autonomic Clinic, discusses the pathogenesis of nOH, as well as the mechanisms behind therapeutic approaches to controlling its effects.\nPalma JA, Kaufmann H. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2017;4(3):298-308.\nFreeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB, et al. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome. Clin Auton Res. 2011:21(2) 69-72.\nLow PA. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: pathophysiology and diagnosis. Am J Manag Care. 2015;21(suppl 13):s248-s257.\nGoldstein DS, Sharabi Y. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: a pathophysiological approach. Circulation. 2009:119(1):139-146.\nFreeman R. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(6):615-624.\nRascol 0. Perez-Lloret S, Damier P, et al. Falls in ambulatory non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2015;122(10):1447-1455.\n© 2021 Lundbeck. All rights reserved. UBR-D-100852\nnoH Matters\nNeurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension in Parkinson Disease: A Primer\nThe Impact of Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension on Patients and Caregivers\nNavigating nOH: What to Know About Causes, Symptoms, & Management Approaches","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1192647"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.603780210018158,"wiki_prob":0.39621978998184204,"text":"Sky’s the Limit for Young Professional\nWhen Shane McKinzie moved back home to Enid to take a job for a startup environmental consulting firm, he was pleased by what he found. He and his wife Shayla loved the new parks and trails, the national performances at the new event center, and the quality of the local Chisholm School District. “It was obvious there was an intentional push by the city toward welcoming young families,” he says.\nEnid also proved an excellent place to launch his new career with TSC Environmental, which was rapidly growing alongside the booming oil and gas industry. Shane’s technical background prompted a quick promotion to aerial services manager where he managed drone-related services for the construction, energy and agriculture industries.\n“I thought I might have to go to Oklahoma City for training, but I found out I could do the study and testing needed to become a certified unmanned aerial systems pilot without leaving town. It’s really helpful that Enid’s Woodring Airport has a licensed FAA testing center. I’ve been able to bring that licensing to our business and train three other pilots as well,” he says.\nTSC’s current drone services include mapping and land surveying, stockpile and excavation calculations, thermal inspections, pipeline monitoring, and much more. “Every month we’re adding new clients. We’re even working with the aeronautical engineering department at OSU to design an aircraft that meets our specific needs for pipeline leak detection.”\n“This town is very aviation-minded. Because of Woodring Airport and Vance Air Force Base, I think we’ll see the drone industry progress much faster here than in other places. It’s an ideal location to grow our business.”\nShane McKinzie, Aerial Services Manager, TSC ENVIRONMENTAL","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line343389"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6761599779129028,"wiki_prob":0.6761599779129028,"text":"Devil Dogs keep community safe\n16 Aug 2002 | Lance Cpl. Kim Thompson\nMARINE CORPS AIR STATION BEAUFORT, S.C. -- They are attentive, enthusiastic and motivated. Countless hours of training have contributed to their mental and physical conditioning, making them optimum physical specimens and exemplary Marines.\nThey are Military working dogs of Fightertown. The dogs are trained to perform their job with attention to detail and instant obedience to orders.\nIt may seem like the dogs are having fun working for chew-toys, verbal praise and a scratch behind the ears, but they work as hard as the Marines who handle them.\nThe Air Station Provost Marshal's kennel is comprised of four dogs, three handlers, a non-commissioned officer-in-charge of training and a kennel master. Each dog is certified in patrol, attack, and the detection of either narcotics or explosives.\nKimbo is a Belgian Melanois and Tommie is a Dutch Shepherd. Their handlers are military police officers Lance Cpls. Felicia A. Bazan and Jacob J. Chiasson. As a part of the Military Working Dog program their primary objective is providing security.\n\"We provide security for the Air Station, we work as a deterrent to prevent future terrorist attacks and we also assist police departments from Savannah to Charleston,\" said Cpl. Robert M. Apolinario, MWD training NCO. \"I've got a great bunch of Marines working for me.\"\nDogs and their handlers conduct patrols, go on deployments and help locate lost children. They also participate in demonstrations, assist in suspect apprehension, perform inspections and serve in missions with organizations such as Customs and the Secret Service.\nThe handlers and their four-legged partners are held to high standards from the first days of training at formal schools, and continuing with their entrance into the fleet.\nIn order to become a handler, Marines must complete Military Police school in Fort Leonard Wood, Mo. Then attend a 13-week canine school, which is held at Lackland Air Force Base San Antonio, Texas.\n\"It's a specialized MOS,\" Bazan said. \"They take the top two percent of the MP class and put them up for a board to attend canine school. You have to be a good student and have good conduct. Out of ten Marines they might choose two.\"\nCanine school starts out teaching both students and dogs the basic fundamentals of command and response. Dogs are trained to respond to both verbal commands and hand signals. Although canines may specialize in narcotics or explosives detection, the commands for both dogs are the same.\n\"Civilian dogs are trained in German, but we (the Marine Corps) use English,\" Apolinario said. \"The commands have to be uniform throughout the Marine Corps because every 2-3 years a dog switches handlers. Verbal and nonverbal commands are important in case a working environment is loud or requires distance between dogs and handlers.\"\nOnce a handler graduates and makes his way into the fleet, he is paired up with a dog. Each handler is responsible for performing their primary duties and taking care of their animal. Working as a handler requires a great deal of time and dedication, according to Bazan and Chiasson.\n\"It's a lot of training and a lot of work,\" Bazan said. Each week requires at least five hours of training in order to keep both dogs and handlers certified in detection and patrol.\n\"We work about 12 to 14 hour shifts and then we train physically after that,\" Chiasson said. \"There is also a great deal of paper work, because every thing we do on a call has to be annotated from start to finish.\"\nMany of the Marines at the PMO kennel agree the best part of their job is the interaction with the dogs.\n\"A lot of people say that when you work with a human partner, you never know how they're going to react,\" Bazan said. \"With a dog you always know where you stand.\"\nMilitary working dogs like Tommie and Kimbo provide a valuable service, Bazan said. They may seem cute and furry like the family pet or the friendly neighborhood mutt, but they are skilled service members that deserve respect.\n\"Don't ask to pet the dogs or catcall them,\" Apolinario said. \"They're MPs. Respect the fact that they have a job to do.\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line898399"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.591786801815033,"wiki_prob":0.591786801815033,"text":"Peachland Boys and Girls Club\nThese are times we should be extra-proud of the resiliency of our kids.\nSchool is different, there’s no sleepovers or playdates, sitting on Santa’s knee is cancelled, and there’s times when the adults seem extra-worried.\nThere’s a lot going on, but the Boys and Girls Club here in Peachland has remained a safe place throughout this pandemic. Richelle Leckey says even in the early stages, they were able to remain open so kids of essential workers had someone to care for them during the day.\n“We’re an essential service,” says Leckey, who is the community engagement coordinator for the Okanagan Boys and Girls Club.\n“We know there are people who need us, and for a variety of reasons whether they’re working or they have their own challenges in the home and it’s necessary for the kids to be in our care.”\nThere’s always something fun going on at the Boys and Girls Club!\nHere in Peachland, the after school program is a happy group of kids who do crafts, tell stories and play fun games. Leckey says like other local groups, the pandemic has hit them hardest when it comes to fundraising. Usually, they’re able to pull in about $4,000 to $5,000 a year, thanks to their annual movie in the park and their West Jet raffles.\n“That money helps support all the supplies and equipment and things that we need to run the program in Peachland – so we’ve had to be really wise and try and figure how to stretch the dollar and ensure that we’re still providing high quality programs,” she says.\nThe Boys and Girls Club was thrilled to learn they’re one of the beneficiaries of Peachland’s Light-Up Virtual Gala, held in December. The event raised a little over $12,400, and the amount will be shared with three other community groups.\nThe pandemic has taken an emotional toll on so many people, Leckey adds, and that’s why it’s important the Boys and Girls Clubs are able to continue on.\n“The club itself – and being able to come to the club – is critical for the kids’ well-being, not only for the engagement with staff, but with their peers,” she says.\n“We’ve talked a lot about kids in isolation and the importance of being able to engage in person with people. So the club itself is all about relationships and strengthening those relationships and helping give kids the inspiration and the drive to want to learn and grow and become amazing people.”\nHere’s a message from the Boys and Girls Club about their Peachland programming:\nThe Boys and Girls Clubs of the Okanagan is a leading service provider of programs and services for children in Peachland. From Preschool classes to After School programs, activities for youth, and community events, there is always something great happening at the Club!\nAt Peachland Preschool, we believe in the importance of play in an environment where children learn, explore, create and grow. Being located in Peachland Elementary school allows preschoolers to experience a school setting which ensures a smooth transition into Kindergarten with their peers.\nThe After School program takes place at the Peachland Club for children Kindergarten to Grade 5. Our programs are designed to provide a safe, nurturing, inclusive environment where children will be engaged in activities including creative arts, sports, personal growth, and life skills development. Transportation is provided from Peachland Elementary and kids receive a nutritious snack each day. Programs are also available on professional days and school breaks. Stay tuned for information on exciting summer camps and recreation programs coming soon!\nFor more information, contact us at 250-767-2515 (250-768-3049 for preschool inquiries). You can also visit out our website www.boysandgirlsclubs.ca and navigate to the Peachland Page or find us on Facebook and check out why the Boys and Girls Club is a ‘good place to be’!\nWritten by Kristen Friesen\nPeachland Watershed Protection Alliance\nA PWPA representative was able to take part in a tour of the new Peachland water treatment plant in late 2021. The District's Healthy Watersheds...\nHere's the latest from BEEPS - Peachland's Bat Education and Ecological Protection Society Here's a press release BEEPS just sent my way. It's from...\nPeachland History\nLocal historian Richard Smith was kind enough to send me some cool 'did you knows' about Peachland, and he's going to share what he knows right...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1431178"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5900145173072815,"wiki_prob":0.4099854826927185,"text":"North Carolina State University. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering\nInstitute of Radio Engineers -- History\nInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. North Carolina State University Student Branch\nAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers -- History\nFilters: North Carolina State University -- HistoryInstitute of Radio Engineers -- HistoryNorth Carolina State University. Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers -- HistoryNorth Carolina State College1930-19391980-1989North Carolina State College\nNorth Carolina State University, Student and Other Organizations, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., North Carolina State University Student Branch Records, 1948-1989\nSize: 0.25 linear feet (1 archival half box) Collection ID: UA 021.467\nThe records of North Carolina State's student branch of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) include annual reports, correspondence, meeting and recruitment information, general information about the branch, and branch manuals issued by IEEE. The IEEE works to advance the theory and application of ... More\nThe records of North Carolina State's student branch of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) include annual reports, correspondence, meeting and recruitment information, general information about the branch, and branch manuals issued by IEEE. The IEEE works to advance the theory and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences and to serve as a catalyst for technological innovation. North Carolina State's student branch of the IEEE began as a chapter of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in or before 1948, and remains active as of 2008. Less","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line719054"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8167909383773804,"wiki_prob":0.8167909383773804,"text":"Difference between revisions of \"New Precedents in Conveyancing\"\nFrom Wythepedia: The George Wythe Encyclopedia\nLktesar (talk | contribs)\nSjwilmes (talk | contribs)\n}}[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Pigott Nathaniel Pigott] (1661-1737) was a barrister and counselor at law. He was admitted to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_Temple Inner Temple] in 1683 and called to the bar in 1688.<ref>F. A. Inderwick, “Bench Table Orders,” in ''A Calendar of the Inner Temple Records'' (London: Chiswick Press, 1901), 248.</ref> In 1689 he refused to take the required oaths of supremacy and allegiance and receive the sacrament.<ref>Richard G. Williams, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/89542 “Pigott, Nathaniel (bap. 1661, d. 1737)”] ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed December 4, 2013.</ref> As a result, he was vacated on the grounds that he was a Roman Catholic.<ref>Ibid.</ref> In 1690 his suspension was removed although he was still prescribed from pleading a case in court.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Pigott was the last Catholic called to the bar until 1791.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />\nPigott practiced as a chamber counsel and conveyancer.<ref>Ibid.</ref> He acted as a trustee for conveyances, furnished legal opinions, and offered legal and business advice.2 Experts agree that Pigott had a particular expertise in conveyance.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Many of his clients were also Roman Catholics therefore his expertise in conveyancing was particularly important to the preservation of their estates.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Roman Catholic estates were vulnerable to claims from potential protestant heirs and from threatened sequestrations by the crown.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />\nPigott practiced as a chamber counsel and conveyancer.<ref>Ibid.</ref> He acted as a trustee for conveyances, furnished legal opinions, and offered legal and business advice.2 Experts agree that Pigott had a particular expertise in conveyance.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Many of his clients were also Roman Catholics, therefore his expertise in conveyancing was particularly important to the preservation of their estates.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Roman Catholic estates were vulnerable to claims from potential protestant heirs and from threatened sequestrations by the crown.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />\nTwo of Pigott’s manuscripts, ''A Treatise of Common Recoveries, their Nature and Use'' and ''New Precedents in Conveyancing'', were published after his death.<ref>Ibid.</ref> These texts remained standard authorities for the remainder of the eighteenth century.<ref>Ibid.</ref>\nNew Precedents in Conveyancing: Containing Great Variety of Curious Draughts, Many of Them on Special Occations, Drawn or Settled by Mr. Piggot, Northey, Webb, and Other Eminent Hands; and Now Publish'd from Original Manuscripts\nby Nathaniel Pigott\nPigott's Conveyancing\nTitle page from New Precedents in Conveyancing, George Wythe Collection, Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary.\nAuthor Nathaniel Pigott\nEditor {{{editor}}}\nTranslator {{{trans}}}\nPublished London: Printed by H. Lintot for J. Worrall\nEdition Second\nVolumes {{{set}}} volume set\nPages iv, 576, [26]\nDesc. Folio (31 cm.)\nLocation [[Shelf {{{shelf}}}]]\n[[Shelf {{{shelf2}}}]]\nBookplate of John Clarke Stoughton, Wymondham, Norfolk, front pastedown.\nNathaniel Pigott (1661-1737) was a barrister and counselor at law. He was admitted to the Inner Temple in 1683 and called to the bar in 1688.[1] In 1689 he refused to take the required oaths of supremacy and allegiance and receive the sacrament.[2] As a result, he was vacated on the grounds that he was a Roman Catholic.[3] In 1690 his suspension was removed although he was still prescribed from pleading a case in court.[4] Pigott was the last Catholic called to the bar until 1791.[5]\nPigott practiced as a chamber counsel and conveyancer.[6] He acted as a trustee for conveyances, furnished legal opinions, and offered legal and business advice.2 Experts agree that Pigott had a particular expertise in conveyance.[7] Many of his clients were also Roman Catholics, therefore his expertise in conveyancing was particularly important to the preservation of their estates.[8] Roman Catholic estates were vulnerable to claims from potential protestant heirs and from threatened sequestrations by the crown.[9]\nTwo of Pigott’s manuscripts, A Treatise of Common Recoveries, their Nature and Use and New Precedents in Conveyancing, were published after his death.[10] These texts remained standard authorities for the remainder of the eighteenth century.[11]\nEvidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library\nThere is no doubt that George Wythe owned this title—a copy of the second (1742) edition at the Library of Congress includes Wythe's bookplate and manuscript notes which may have been made by him.[12] Thomas Jefferson listed \"Pigott's conveyancing. fol.\" in his inventory of Wythe's Library, noting that he kept the volume himself. He later sold it to the Library of Congress. Not surprisingly, all four of the Wythe Collection sources (Goodwin's pamphlet[13], Dean's Memo[14], Brown's Bibliography[15] and George Wythe's Library[16] on LibraryThing) list the second edition of New Precedents in Conveyancing. The Wolf Law Library purchased a copy of the same edition.\nHeadpiece, first page of text.\nDescription of the Wolf Law Library's copy\nBound in contemporary calf with blind rules to boards, raised bands and lettering piece to spine. Includes armorial bookplate of John Clarke Stoughton, Wymondham, Norfolk on front pastedown and an early owner annotation, \"15s Brookes Catalogue 1790\", and the intials \"rlf\" on front free endpaper. Purchased from The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd.\nView this book in William & Mary's online catalog.\n↑ F. A. Inderwick, “Bench Table Orders,” in A Calendar of the Inner Temple Records (London: Chiswick Press, 1901), 248.\n↑ Richard G. Williams, “Pigott, Nathaniel (bap. 1661, d. 1737)” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed December 4, 2013.\n↑ E. Millicent Sowerby, Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson, 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 2:292 [no.1940].\n↑ Mary R. M. Goodwin, The George Wythe House: Its Furniture and Furnishings (Williamsburg, Virginia: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Library, 1958), XLIX.\n↑ Memorandum from Barbara C. Dean, Colonial Williamsburg Found., to Mrs. Stiverson, Colonial Williamsburg Found. (June 16, 1975), 4 (on file at Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary).\n↑ Bennie Brown, \"The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond,\" (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433\n↑ LibraryThing, s. v. \"Member: George Wythe\", accessed on June 28, 2013.\nRetrieved from \"http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=New_Precedents_in_Conveyancing&oldid=22990\"\nGeorge Wythe Collection at William & Mary's Wolf Law Library\nKnown Surviving Wythe Volumes\nTitles in Wythe's Library","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line932388"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.768511950969696,"wiki_prob":0.768511950969696,"text":"Start Of New Year Comes With Familiar Concerns As COVID-19 Cases Spike In LA County, Elsewhere\nBy CBSLA Staff January 2, 2022 at 8:41 am\nFiled Under:Coronavirus, COVID-19, Los Angeles News, News\nLOS ANGELES (CBSLA) — Though it’s a new year, similar concerns were mounting from the previous year as COVID-19 cases continued to climb across the Southland.\nThe latest state figures from Saturday show the number of coronavirus patients in LA County hospitals rose 1,628, which was up more than 160 since the previous day. Of those patients, 246 were in intensive care, up sharply from Friday.\nAs of Friday, the Department of Public Health recorded more than 27,000 new coronavirus cases. That was far more than last winter’s peak of 16,000 cases a day. The daily totals have been doubling every two days.\nCompared to last winter, those testing positive are much younger. Nearly three-quarter are under the age of 50. COVID case rates are rising among people of all vaccination statuses, but the unvaccinated are still among those to test positive.\n“I think what we can expect that, we’re going to have a peak in about two weeks, so by mid-January, we hope we will see a peak in cases, and then we’ll see just as rapid a decline,” said Dr. Michael Daignault of Providence St. Joseph Medical Center. “But that means the rest of January is going to be rough.”\nOther county numbers were also on the rise. State figures show coronavirus patients in Orange County hospitals increased from 453 to 491. Of those, 89 patients were in intensive care.\nElsewhere, in Riverside County, the number of coronavirus patients hospitalized increased to 510, with 94 patients in the ICU.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line524636"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9288874864578247,"wiki_prob":0.9288874864578247,"text":"The Musical Divide\nBridging gaps by connecting with music fans\nFifteen Favorites\nThe Best Hit Songs Of …\nA Modern Country Music History\nMay 23, 2019 December 22, 2020 Zackary Kephart\nPop Goes The Country Vol. 19: Marty Robbins – “El Paso” (1959)\nPop Goes The Country is an ongoing series where I explore country music’s biggest crossover hits.\nWhen we last discussed Marty Robbins on ‘Pop Goes The Country,’ we looked at his foray into teenage love songs with “A White Sport Coat.” But as previously mentioned in that piece, Robbins was one of the most versatile artists the country music genre had to offer.\nAs such, it makes sense that Robbins would eventually return to cowboy music. After all, he was born in the desert just outside Glendale, Arizona in 1925 and had a childhood fondness for cowboy music. Still, Robbins never saw the value of country music in general until he heard it performed by fellow soldiers from the South while enlisted as a soldier in World War II.\nRobbins’s early recordings show strong traces of Gene Autry, his singing cowboy hero, in terms of tone and phrasing. But as mentioned last time, that was just one style Robbins was comfortable performing on stage and in the studio. Country music was all over the map in the late 1950s trying to stave off rock ‘n’ roll, but Robbins’s diversity was much more controlled and natural.\nBut his return to cowboy music was an important point in country music, and one that would help serve its reinvigoration as a commercial genre of music.\nDuring the 1920s, many of country music’s biggest recordings were known as event ballads – songs that quite literally told a story of a historical event. For example, “Wreck Of The Old 97,” thought to be the first million-selling country record and first recorded by Vernon Dalhart, was inspired by the American rail disaster on September 27, 1903.\nThese types of songs didn’t last much beyond the ’20s and ’30s, but a new form of them was about to born almost 20 years later – the saga song. Unlike event ballads, saga songs were made to depict fictional episodes or remote historical events. It was very rare for them to cover events of contemporary significance. So, for a nice change, country airwaves were filled with songs about mythical or real heroes who gained fame during America’s pioneer period.\nTo give some examples, Johnny Horton’s “When It’s Springtime In Alaska” told the story of a prospector killed in a tavern brawl, which initiated the series. Johnny Cash’s “Don’t Take Your Guns To Town” told of a young cowboy who ignored his mother’s advice and paid a heavy price.\nIn late 1959, the trend subsided somewhat, but it would find rejuvenation in the form of other songs and albums. This was important for country music, as the genre had never been known to put much effort behind the album concept. The typical album during those days usually consisted of the hit singles, covers of other well-known songs, and filler material. Robbins’s Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs, released in 1959, would come to thankfully buck that trend.\n“El Paso” wasn’t just a huge song from that album, it was the song to cement Robbins’s legacy. Ironically, his signature song came about in the backseat of a car, and only after years of procrastination. In 1956, Robbins was driving home from Nashville to Phoenix just before Christmas when he was inspired to write a song about the town he was passing through. With his wife and son in the car, however, Robbins soon became distracted and forgot the inspiration. The next year, he made the same trip and had the same inspiration, but forgot it all once again. In 1958, Robbins finally composed the tune in his head as he drove through El Paso.\nHowever, it was both procrastination and confidence that fueled the signature song. The aforementioned Horton enjoyed success with not one, but two saga songs. “The Battle Of New Orleans” is ultimately what inspired Robbins to craft something of that magnitude. However, instead of singing about a war, Robbins decided to sing a cowboy ballad.\nHis timing truly couldn’t have been better. Westerns were a huge part of network prime-time during this period. Gunsmoke was the nation’s favorite program, with similar shows not far behind. Even kids tuned into cowboy shows each day after school, as well as on Saturday morning. The children of the late ’50s were enamored by Annie Oakley, Roy Rogers, the Lone Ranger, Gene Autry, and many other cowboy and cowgirl stars. Robbins saw a demand for historical odes, so he thought everyone would love a ballad about the Old West.\nThe song itself consists of one repeated melody and a slightly altered bridge. Robbins laid out 14 verses to play out like a novel or film. In fact, he didn’t even know how the epic tale would end when he began. The final tale tells of a cowboy who kills a man over the love of a woman named “Felina,” then escapes justice, only to return to El Paso to die in his woman’s arms.\nThere was still one more hurdle to jump over, however. During this time, no record company would release a single any longer than three minutes. Record companies were convinced that the public wouldn’t sit and listen to anything that ran over the time limit, let alone a song that demanded a full attention span like “El Paso” to follow the story. Record companies needed hits, so the songs needed to be repetitious enough that the tune and words could be learned in a matter of a few quick plays.\n“El Paso” thankfully broke every single conventional rule of the time.\nAs Robbins argued, Horton had done well with “The Battle Of New Orleans,” and that song had also broke conventional rules. Eventually, he convinced his record label to give “El Paso” a shot.\n“El Paso” also sounded like nothing before. It was accompanied by very simple Spanish-flavored guitar instrumentation with Tompall and the Glaser Brothers providing harmonies. But even though the record label had finally allowed “El Paso” as a single release, convincing disc jockeys to play the song was another hurdle in the way. After all, at over four minutes in length, the song was simply too long to program. Furthermore, the song doesn’t exactly have a happy ending.\nRobbins once again fought for his song, pointing to its strong reaction in his live shows and clarifying that the song was tragic, but not depressing. He believed audiences would strongly identify with the cowboy and his undying love for his sweetheart. All Robbins asked for was a chance, just as he did before with his label.\nColumbia Records shipped “El Paso” in the fall of 1959. Ironically, it reached stations just as “The Battle of New Orleans” was ending its run on the Billboard country and pop charts. The single’s crowning peak position was replaced by “Waterloo” by Stonewall Jackson, another saga song. This, of course, only worked to Robbins’s advantage in his mind.\nJust after Christmas, “El Paso,” the song which Robbins had been told would never succeed, reached the top of Billboard’s country singles chart. It would hold that peak for seven weeks, well into the first couple of months of 1960. Additionally, it was one of only four records to top both the Billboard country and pop charts during the 1960s.\nIn 1976, Robbins wrote a follow-up to his most famous hit. After viewing El Paso from the air, he scribbled the words to “El Paso City,” in which the twist was that the narrator of the new song could possibly be a reincarnated version of the cowboy who dies in the original song. Robbins recorded “El Paso City,” and on June 19, 1976, notched his first number one hit in six years.\nAs an extra bit of trivia, the song would also inspire the television series, Breaking Bad, particularly the final episode titled, “Felina.” Like our tragic cowboy only trying to do good and ending up in a bad situation, Walter White would end up paying for his deeds as well. Join me next time on ‘Pop Goes The Country,’ where we’ll continue our discussion on saga songs with Stonewall Jackson’s “Waterloo.”\nThis piece was written thanks to the following sources:\nInformation about the formation and popularity of saga songs was taken from Bill C. Malone’s Country Music U.S.A., particularly the chapter, “The Reinvigoration of Modern Country Music.”\nInformation about the formation and inspiration of “El Paso” came from here.\nThe Breaking Bad trivia came from this article.\nPop Goes The Country\nMarty Robbins\nPublished by Zackary Kephart\nView all posts by Zackary Kephart\nPrevious Song Review: Jon Pardi – “Heartache Medication”\nNext Pop Goes The Country Vol. 20: Stonewall Jackson – “Waterloo” (1959)\nThe Unbroken Circle: Hawkshaw Hawkins – “Lonesome 7-7203” (1963) – The Musical Divide says:\n[…] His success over the next decade was less consistent, though he did benefit from the peculiar 1959 “saga song” trend, in which his “Soldier’s Joy” – a pseudo-Revolutionary war song set to a […]\nArchives Select Month January 2022 December 2021 November 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 May 2018 June 2017\nFrank the Tank on Album Review: Tony Logue…\nFrank the Tank on Juke Joint Jumpin’…\nJoe M on The Johnny Cash Show – An Unfo…\nFrank the Tank on The Boom-or-Bust Jukebox…\nZackary Kephart on Plans For 2022, And a Note of…\nAlbum Review: Tony Logue - 'Jericho'\nThe Unbroken Circle: Keith Whitley - \"I'm No Stranger to the Rain\" (1989)\nThe Boom-or-Bust Jukebox - Week 2 (2022): Sarah Shook & the Disarmers, Maren Morris, Keith Whitley\nAlbum Review: Cody Jinks - 'Mercy'\nWhy Were The Dixie Chicks Banned From Country Radio?\nThe views expressed on this blog are the writer’s and the writer’s alone. They do not reflect the views of his employers, friends, family or anyone else.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line356404"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6980579495429993,"wiki_prob":0.6980579495429993,"text":"Johnson C Smith students required to get vaccinated…\nJohnson C Smith University joins many other universities in requiring students to get the COVID-19 vaccine before returning to campus.…\nTomi Lahren Explains Exactly Why She Deleted All…\nTomi Lahren has been under fire in recent weeks for deleting most of the tweets from her college days.\nRacist Message Left On Campus Whiteboard Rocks Florida…\nStudents at FGCU are reeling after \"Kill N******,\" coupled with an image of a man hanging from a tree, was…\nFormer NFL Player Quentin Groves Dies At 32\nQuentin Groves, a former NFL and Auburn University star, died in his sleep on Saturday of a heart attack.\nHigher Learning: Nick Cannon Is Headed To Howard\nNick Cannon has played a student on screen, but this time around, it’s the real thing. The turban rocking-host announced…\nHow The Stanford University Rape Case Reveals Double…\nBrock Turner, a swimmer at Stanford University, has been convicted of raping an unconscious woman. His sentence? About 6 months,…\nWhy Barack Obama’s Commencement Speech At Howard University…\nBarack Obama gave the commencement speech to the 2016 graduating class of Howard University earlier this week, and was widely…\nWhy Aisha Tyler’s Comments About HBCUs Are Problematic…\nAisha Tyler, co-host of The Talk recently spoke her mind about black students who choose to attend HBCUs, saying it’s more ‘courageous’ to…\nWhat We Can Learn From Malia Obama’s Decision…\nFirst daughter Malia Obama has made her decision to attend Harvard University- but first, she’s taking a year off to work…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line828930"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8166021108627319,"wiki_prob":0.8166021108627319,"text":"In memory of Galina Vishnevskaya\nHome / 2013 / In memory of Galina Vishnevskaya\nA grand Gala concert celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Galina Vishnevskaya Opera Centre and in memory of the great Vishnevskaya herself, featuring a repertoire of much loved Russian and Western Classics. Established in 2002 by the legendary Russian singer Galina Vishnevskaya, the Opera Centre provides professional training for talented young singers from Russia and abroad.\nAfter graduation many of their students have gone on to become soloists of the leading opera houses of Russia and Europe. To date the centre has staged ten opera productions and numerous concerts as well as being represented at many opera festivals over the past eleven years since it opened and completing successful tours of Belgium, Hungary, Germany, France, Italy, Mexico, and South Africa, to name a few.\nThe great Russian soprano Galina Vishnevskaya was born Galina Pavlovna Ivanova in 1926, in Leningrad (now St Petersburg). Abandoned by her parents and raised by her grandmother, Galina’s early life was hard. During the Second World War, she joined the resistance effort to defend Leningrad from the Nazis – for which she was later decorated for her courage – and had a brief, unhappy marriage to Navy officer Georgi Vishnevsky, keeping the surname after their divorce. In 1944, after the city’s liberation, she joined a small operetta company led by Mark Rubin, who became her second husband. They had one son who died in infancy. The couple toured together for several years, but the marriage again proved unsuccessful.\nThen in the early 1950s, Galina Vishnevskaya’s star was at last in the ascendant. She joined the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow and married her life partner, the cellist, pianist and conductor Mstislav Rostropovich (known as ‘Slava’) with whom she had two daughters. She became one of the world’s most celebrated divas, acclaimed from Moscow to New York at a time when most Soviet artists were unheard of in the West. She and Rostropovich made a substantial contribution to cultural life during the ‘Khrushchev thaw’ – the decade of relative liberality that followed years of Stalinist oppression.\nThis period of artistic flowering came to an abrupt end with the arrest of Khrushchev in 1964. Ten years of struggle against dictatorship followed, during which Vishnevskaya and Rostropovich remained outspoken critics of repression, and risked their own freedom to hide their friend Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn from the authorities. In 1977 they fled to the United States, where Rostropovich was appointed Music Director of the National Symphony Orchestra (NSO) in Washington, a post he kept for the next seventeen years. Vishnevskaya undertook numerous concert tours, directed opera productions and published her memoirs. Galina: a Russian Story became an international bestseller.\nIn 1990, Mikhail Gorbachev restored their citizenship, enabling Vishnevskaya and Rostropovich and to return home in time to witness the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. They quickly re-established themselves as major cultural, political and intellectual figures of the new Russia. In 2002, Vishnevskaya opened her own opera theatre in Moscow, dedicated to training the opera stars of the future, and at the age of 80 starred in Aleksandr Sokurov’s film Alexandra, as a grandmother determined to visit her grandson in a Chechen army camp.\nGalina Vishnevskaya received many honours and awards during her long career, both at home and in her adoptive countries – including People’s artist of the USSR, the Chevalier of the Légion d’honneur of France, and the Order for Merit to the Fatherland (four times). But she was always most proud of the medal she received in defence of Leningrad, when she was still just a teenager. Galina Vishnevskaya died at home in Russia aged 86, on 11 December 2012. She was laid to rest in Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.\nCadogan Hall, London\n7th CYPRUS-RUSSIA GALA, PRESIDENTIAL PALACE2013\nMoscow Symphony Orchestra2014","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line645266"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7481715679168701,"wiki_prob":0.7481715679168701,"text":"ÜBER ADOBE\nPioniere\nChief People Officer and Executive Vice President, Employee Experience\nAs Chief People Officer and Executive Vice President, Employee Experience, Gloria Chen leads all aspects of people strategy and operations for Adobe, including talent development, diversity and inclusion, and all human resources functions. She’s charged with creating an exceptional employee experience for more than 22,000 employees across 75 locations around the globe.\nIn her more than 20 years with Adobe, including most recently as Chief Strategy Officer, Gloria has helped usher the company through some of its boldest, most critical changes, from shaping its ecommerce strategy, building its enterprise business, and managing significant acquisitions and integrations. She’s held senior leadership positions in worldwide sales operations, customer service and support, and strategic planning.\nGloria started her career as a software engineer and was an engagement manager at McKinsey & Company before joining Adobe. She holds a BS in electrical engineering from the University of Washington, an MS in electrical and computer engineering (ECE) from Carnegie Mellon, and an MBA from Harvard Business School.\nGloria serves on the board of The Tech Interactive in San Jose and the Carnegie Mellon Electrical & Computer Engineering advisory council.\nDownload full bio (PDF)\n2/8/21 — Fortune: Cultivating culture in the tech industry\n1/14/21 — Fortune: How Adobe is planning its employees' return to the office\nGloria’s blog posts\nThe Future of work at Adobe\nReflections and the Path Forward Together\nConnect with Gloria\nDurch das Auswählen einer Region werden Sprache und/oder Inhalt der Website von Adobe geändert.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line856124"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7999321818351746,"wiki_prob":0.7999321818351746,"text":"NIGERIA: Newly elected President of ICC, Osuji to meet Malami tomorrow over Sheik Zakzaky\nPublished by Family Writers Press\nThe newly elected President of the International Criminal Court, ICC, Nigerian-Born Chile Eboe-Osuji is scheduled to meet with Nigeria’s Attorney General/Minister of Justice, Mr Abubakar Malami Over Sheik Ibrahim Zakzaky, leader of Islamic Movement of Nigeria.\nThe president, LeadersNG gathered, will be meeting with Nigerian Attorney-General over Sheik Ibrahim Zakzaky who has been arbitrarily detained by the Nigerian Government for over 2 years against a valid court that says he should be released and rehabilitated.\nYou would recall that the Nigerian Army had on December 12th 2015 launched a coordinated attack against the Islamic Movement of Nigeria, killing women and children.\nThe leader of IMN, Sheik Ibrahim Zakzaky was arrested and whisked to the Nation’s capital Abuja.\nA commission of Inquiry was set up to investigate the matter and it was discovered that over 347 meme era of Islamic Movement of Nigeria were killed with some buried alive in mass graves.\nAmnesty International had in a report, gave a detailed account of the Nigerian military’s massacre of Shiite Muslims in Zaria between December 12th and 14th, 2015.\nThe organization provided evidence not only that the military used excessive force against civilians, killing more than 350 people, but that Nigerian troops went to great lengths to cover up these crimes.\nIn its damning report, Amnesty International said, “the Nigerian Army has provided no evidence to substantiate its claim that IMN protesters attempted to assassinate the Chief of Army Staff or shot at his convoy, or that the protesters’ action warranted the degree of force used against them.”\nAmnesty International went further to provide images depicting before and after photos of Shiite sites of worship destroyed under the order of the Nigerian military.\nThe organization also provided images of suspected mass graves where the military reportedly hid the bodies of the victims of their carnage.\nAmnesty International disclosed that it “has identified the location of one possible mass grave in the Mando area near the city of Kaduna, where Amnesty International found a large area churned up by differs, with dried-up large vehicle tracks still visible at the time of the visit.”\nSatellite images provided by Amnesty International show important Shiite religious sites or property belonging to the IMN leader, Sheikh Ibrahim Zakzaky, being demolished.\nAccording to the report, “after the incident, the military meticulously destroyed most of the evidence at the scenes of the clashes.\nSoldiers sealed the areas around Ibrahim al-Zakzaky’s compound and around the Hussainiya in the afternoon of 12 December 2015 and for several days afterward.”\nAmnesty International investigators found “that Ibrahim al-Zakzaky’s compound had been razed to the ground and the rubble removed, bloodstains washed off, and bullets and spent cartridge removed from the streets…several other sites belonging to the IMN in Zaria, including the Hussainiya, a recently created cemetery, a shrine dedicated to Ibrahim Al-Zakzaky’s mother, a media/film production center, and a research center, were also completely or partially destroyed in the days following the incident.”\nThe Amnesty International report provided recommendations to various Nigerian institutions and authorities, including the Kaduna State government and the Federal Government. To the Kaduna State government, it is recommended that it “ensure that the Judicial Commission of Inquiry into the Zaria events…be impartial and thorough.”\nIt also urged the government to ensure that the “Commission has the necessary means to carry out its investigation unhindered and the necessary powers to summon and compel the relevant civil and military authorities to cooperate fully.”\nAmnesty International recommended that the Federal Government “ensure that those suspected of being criminally responsible are held accountable through fair trials…and that families and dependents of the victims of extrajudicial executions and other unlawful killings are entitled to obtain fair and adequate reparation from the state, including financial compensation.”\nA pro-Democracy group, Concerned Nigerians have in the last 84 days holding a daily sit-out at the Unity Fountain, calling for the unconditional release of Sheik Zakzaky and his wife.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line436120"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9207361936569214,"wiki_prob":0.9207361936569214,"text":"ShopBaia Main Collections Info / News FAQ / Site Help Contact Us BROWN, NYAME, (What's Your Black?) Your cart (0)\nHome > Works > BROWN, NYAME, (What's Your Black?)\nBROWN, NYAME, (What's Your Black?)\n\"What's Your Black?\" by Nyame Brown\n4.5 x 6.5 inches oil on blackboard, (2017) -- framed\nNyame Brown is an artist whose multimedia work explores the intermingling of African-American pop culture and the larger African Diaspora. Brown received his BFA from The School of the Art Institute of Chicago and his MFA from Yale University School of Art in 1997. He is currently a faculty member at the Oakland School of the Arts and has previously held positions at St. Mary's College of California, Notre Dame University, Illinois State University, and The Art Institute of Chicago. He is also the recipient of the Richard Driehaus Foundation Individual Artist Award (1997 & 2002) and the Joan Mitchell Foundation grant (2003). Brown was the Joan Mitchell Center Artist-in-Residence in Spring 2016.\nCurator and art critic, Julie Joyce, wrote about his works for the 2006 \"Frequency\" exhibition at the Studio Museum in Harlem, stating that Brown \"fuses multifarious time zones and cultures much like a DJ\" and described Nyame Brown as a 21st-Century Griot for his use of history and mythology in his narrative art.\nThompson, Khalif, (Mommy)\nBallard, Lavett, (All About Love)\nJohnson, Kevin, (The Influencer)\nDriskell, David C., (Purple Door For Vince)\nHunt, George, (Born To See Things)\nDorsey, Najee, (Soul Rebel)\nLovell, Gerald, (Jemel)\nDorsey, Najee, (Return to Eden #1)\n$26,500.00 Sold","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1612221"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8240446448326111,"wiki_prob":0.8240446448326111,"text":"PSV PC PS4 Switch\nA jRPG developed by Tokyo RPG Factory, also known as \"Ikenie to Yuki no Setsuna\" in Japan. It makes references to the classics of the genre and games such as the legendary classic Chrono Trigger. The story is set in a land of ever-lasting winter.\nRPG | fantasy | turn-based | jRPG\nVideos 3Images 23\nI am Setsuna Release Date\nPS4 PC PSV\ndeveloper: Tokyo RPG Factory publisher: Square Enix / Eidos\nGames similar to I am Setsuna\nDragon Quest Heroes II\nI am Setsuna on PS4, PC etc. is an RPG game by Japanese studio Tokyo RPG Factory. This is the first production of a studio owned by Square Enix, publishers of series such as Tomb Raider and Dungeon Siege. The title refers to classic series like Final Fantasy, Dragon Quest and Kingdom Hearts.\nThe action takes the player to the fantastic winter land, which is the home of the title Setssuny. Since time immemorial, its inhabitants have sacrificed young women to protect themselves from the anger of demons. This role has been assigned to Setsunie, so the girl has to go to the end of her famous world, to the chapel where she will sacrifice herself for the common good. The road ahead of her is long and full of dangers, which is why a few daredevils decide to accompany Setsunie on her last journey.\nThe nostalgic atmosphere of the game is a tribute to the creators of classic Japanese RPG games.\nI am Setsuna on PS4, PC, etc. is a jRPG game, focused primarily on exploration. The action is shown in isometric projection, with the camera working gently vertically. In the course of the game, we visit the 3D locations designed in detail, continuing the journey to the place where Setsuna is to make its sacrifice. Most of the explored areas are caves, but there is also no shortage of open spaces. From time to time we come across small towns where we can exchange information with NPCs and find unique equipment.\nThe journey that the team we lead is not an easy one. Countless groups of enemies lurk every step of the way. All members of the expedition take part in the fight, and each of them has unique skills that develop with the increase in experience. Characteristically for the species, the fight takes place in a turn-based system; however, it has been slightly modified. The game uses the Active Time Battle system, referring with mechanics to the first parts of the game. Final Fantasy. The fighter can perform actions in his turn, including damage, healing, overlapping of reinforcements, and then has to wait an appropriate amount of time (depending on the action taken, among other things) to re-enter the fight. The important thing is that apart from the action bar assigned to each hero, there is a separate bar for Sethsuna in the game. If it is charged, all actions taken by the team members are strengthened for a short period of time.\nI am Setsuna on PS4, PC, etc. uses the latest version of the unity graphics engine. Three-dimensional locations and character models have been designed with attention to detail. Tomokie Miyoshi's soundtrack, the author of music for SoulCalibur V, plays an important role in building the nostalgic atmosphere of the game. The game is available in English and Japanese, including text and audio dialogues.\nPlease let us know if you have any comments or suggestions regarding this description.\nGame mode: single player\nUser score: 2,1 / 10 based on 123 votes.\nPEGI rating I am Setsuna\nTrending RPG games\nGothic II: The Chronicles of Myrtana - Archolos","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line870560"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6619769334793091,"wiki_prob":0.3380230665206909,"text":"Home › Health and Healing › Amaroli\nAmaroli\n‘Drink the waters of thine own cistern…’\nThe Book Of Proverbs 5.15\n‘It is the spiritual dimension to Amaroli (Urine Therapy) that I believe to be the most important. By drinking your own urine….a miraculous transformation takes place. Your attitude to yourself changes; you start to really care for yourself, to love yourself. And this is the first vital step towards self-healing in the fullest sense of the term….It (the practice of Amaroli) belongs to all of us and is as old as time….’\nSwami Pragyamurti Saraswati, from the foreword to\nThe Golden Fountain by Coen van der Kroon\n(Swami Pragyamurti quoted above was my teacher and she has worked tirelessly with people living with AIDS in London and South Africa…..her recommendation of choice is Amaroli for boosting immunity.)\nIt is somewhat peculiar that the most ancient literature extant on the subject of Urine Therapy comes from India, and is supported by Ayurveda, especially given that this is a country where most of the orthodox population will choose to bathe the whole body as a ritual ablution if they so much as touch a drop of what is considered to be a contaminating fluid. And yet, chief amongst their multitudinous deities, Lord Shiva, and his wife Parvati, are recorded in theShivambu Kalpa Vidhi, (which is part of a 5000 year old scripture known as the Damara Tantra), as being deep in conversation about the unequalled merits of the miraculous practise of drinking your own urine.\nIn Sanskrit, Urine Therapy is known as Amaroli, which derives from the root word Amara, which means ‘Immortal’. Parvati, devoted wife of Shiva, could not understand how, in spite of his austerities and severe spiritual practices, her husband could always look so youthful and well, and how, as the aeons passed them by, he always seemed to be so vigorous. She pressed him to tell her the reason, but he refused, saying it was a secret. She resorted to all manner of wifely subterfuge, such as burning his dinner and refusing to talk to him, but he was not for turning. Eventually, falling back upon the last privilege of the manipulator, she withheld sex. Because the universe is created and maintained due to the conjugal interaction between these two lofty creatures (or so they say) the earth and all things beyond it in the vast reaches of the cosmos were thus threatened with imminent annihilation. Shiva saw sense and conceded. He admitted to Parvati that the secret behind his unceasing health was his regular consumption of his own urine, and the resulting scripture outlines the practice.\n‘Shivambu (urine) is like a divine nectar. It dispels disease and old age…..one should drink one’s own urine quite willingly and cheerfully. All the ailments subject to from the very birth will be completely cured…all miseries will evaporate….He who massages his body at least once a day with Shivambu (urine) will be full of strength and bravery…keep it a secret. Do not tell anyone.’\nExtract from Shivambu Kalpa Vidhi.\nMost people’s primary objection to drinking urine is that they imagine it is a dirty waste product. This is completely untrue. Urine is simply recycled blood, filtered through the nephrons of the kidneys, and it is completely sterile, unless and only rarely if there is specific infection in the bladder or the tubes.\nThe kidney’s functions are to maintain the body’s intricate chemical, water and salt balance. On the other hand, it is the liver that removes waste from the blood, passing it through into the gut, via the bile, and from the bowel it is evacuated, along with unabsorbed fibrous material, as faeces. This is the body’s only waste product (and even this product is of tremendous value –Humanure is the way of the future for gardeners, as the Chinese have known for ages).\nUrine, as opposed to being a dirty waste product, is quite literally teeming with potentially valuable substances, from hormones, and enzymes and proteins, and salts and minerals.\nThere are three books that I recommend on the subject of Amaroli – The Golden Fountain by Coen Van der Kroon, The Water of Life by John W. Armstrong and Amaroli by Swami Satyananda Saraswati.\nIn these books it is freely admitted that there has not, to date, been adequate scientific research done to prove, without fear or favour, that Urine Therapy has an undisputed place in nature’s pharmacopoeia. Nonetheless the stories told between the covers of those books are impressive, the deluge of correspondence and case studies of people who have been cured of everything from cancer to melancholia are persuasive, and it cannot be contested that, apart from being incredibly cheap, it is a cure as old as time.\nEvery ancient culture knew and used urine to cure its ailments. Something that is ineffective simply does not survive for that long in folk memory.\nMeanwhile, the components of urine are being scientifically investigated, albeit individually, as extracted substances, for their possibilities in the treatment of disease.\nThere is a company in America, for example, that collects male urine through its countrywide distribution of portable toilets for the purpose of extracting growth hormones and insulin, and also in order to collect the base material for the manufacture of Urokinase, an enzyme that is being used to dissolve blood clots, and treat cardiac patients. It is a million dollar industry happening right under your nose, (so to speak).\nNobel Prize winner Albert Szent-Gyorgi, has isolated a substance in urine called 3-methyl-glyoxal which has been proven to destroy cancer cells.\nLikewise a Dr. S. Burzynski has isolated Antineoplaston, another cancer-fighting peptide, in urine. Urea itself, which is the largest component of urine after water, has been injected in saline solution around tumours because of its remedial properties.\nOther cancer inhibitors found in urine include H-11, Retine, DHEA, and Uric Acid. Babies operated upon in the womb display remarkably well-healed scars. The amniotic fluid in which they float is primarily composed of their own urine and is postulated as being the root cause of their skin’s healing ability.\nCosmetic companies have long known the value of Urea in treating the skin, though they often use urea derived from animal urine. Similarly human urine contains Allantoin, another substance widely used in beauty creams. Why not use your own? It is the same urea and allantoin, and just as effective as when it is presented for your consumption in an expensive branded tube or bottle.\nThe author Armstrong, mentioned above, wrote his book because he no longer wished to keep secret a cure that he had found so efficacious in the treatment of all conditions across the board. He eventually concluded that he did not even need to diagnose the illness, just simply apply the remedy. He was an extraordinarily devoted practitioner, often massaging his patients for hours with their own urine. He insisted that in order to be successful the treatment aught to be intensive, especially if the disease was severe. Therefore he advised fasting in conjunction with consumption of all urine produced, other than that which was saved to be aged for a couple of days and used for massage.\nIt is interesting to note that his (Armstrong’s) findings, which were being consolidated around the time of the Second World War, fell into abeyance just as the war produced, of horrific necessity, advances in antibiotics and the use of other chemical medicines. Funding dried up and interest waned amongst the scientific communities in a medicine that was so freely available and one that was therefore unlikely to ever be used for monetary gain.\nNonetheless Armstrong, the naturopath who had cured himself of advanced Tuberculosis, continued successfully treating many patients who had been declared beyond help. He had withheld publication of his findings because he had not yet had the opportunity to cure leprosy, but relented because of a simple absence of leprous patients. Since the publication of his book the Bethany Colony, a Christian hospital in India, established for the treatment of leprosy, has claimed cures with the use of urine therapy. There is an old adage in medicine that operates alongside and perhaps even transcends empirical evidence – ‘Who Heals is Right’.\nIn spite, however, of any miraculous claims on behalf of Amaroli non-medical people are simply not going to convince the scientific community without valid trials and research and this is understandable. Double-blind cross-over clinical trials have not yet been conducted on Amaroli.\nProceeding, however, on the basis that there is much more under Heaven and on Earth than we will ever understand we will look later on at the overall possibilities as to why Amaroli may be useful for balancing an upset body and mind.\nAmaroli is offered primarily as a treatment for physical ailments. There is not much literature about its efficacy for mental ailments, although in Der Kroon’s book there are quotes from Terry Clifford’s book Tibetan Buddhist Medicine and Psychiatry (Samuel Weiser Inc. 1984) where she says\n‘Urine was extensively used as a medication in Ayuvedic medicine, especially for the mentally ill.’\nClifford notes that ‘urine…has…been found to contain substances that act as powerful mental and emotional tranquillisers without any of the side-effects of manufactured chemical tranquillisers.’\nSo, in the absence of overly much empirical proof and research, why might Amaroli work? Several theories are offered in various publications.\nIt might be because there is the potential for the re-absorption of nutrients, thus recouping energy, although this is not likely to be advantageous on a large scale. We are, in general, well enough nourished.\nIt might be because there is the potential for the re-absorption of hormones. This is more interesting, because it could prove to be a way for the body to conserve precious energy and redirect it towards healing. A lot of hormones, being large molecules or proteins, would be destroyed or broken down by the enzymes and acids in the digestive tract, but this would not affect the smaller non-protein molecules, like the sex hormones, adrenal hormones and thyroid hormones. The other larger-molecule hormones could be reabsorbed through the skin. It only takes a tiny amount of any given hormone to exert a huge influence on the body and moods. Note the spasm of fear that occurs after the secretion of tiny amounts of adrenalin. Note the changes that occur prior to menstruation in many women’s demeanour. There is research that claims that Melatonin, a hormone found in urine, has a calming effect on the nerves. Also, in relation to hormones and as something of an aside, it is claimed that the urine produced directly after sex contains hormones secreted from the higher endocrine glands, which have a rejuvenating effect on the body and are therefore particularly valuable.\nIt might be because of the salt content of urine. Salty solutions remove mucus deposits in the body. Salty solutions encourage healthy bowel activity. Salty solutions draw out sugars and toxins from the cells. In short, salty solutions cleanse and detoxify the bodies systems, and allow for good health to re-establish itself.\nIt might be because there is potential for the re-absorption of enzymes. Again enzymes, like hormones, are powerful little devils and require vast amounts of energy to be created within the body. Re-absorption, if proven, could allow for the re-channelling of the bodies energy into essential and deep-rooted repairs.\nIt might be because of the potential for the re-absorption of Urea. Some of the body’s generally meandering Urea is converted in the liver into a powerful healing agent called glutamine. Glutamine is involved in the construction and maintenance of specialised tissues in the body, such as in the brain and small intestine. It heals internal ulcers. It has a strengthening effect on the immune system. Urea itself has an effect on the brain and central nervous system, and is used in surgical operations to temporarily shrink the brain. The smaller doses of urea re-absorbed through drinking urine may also bring about a certain reduction in the pressure in the brain and spinal cord, which certain chiropractors have claimed as being responsible for its healing potential. Urea has other potentially powerful affects within the body, including possible anti-cancer properties. It is a substance that warrants further scientific research by those seeking solutions to the ailments which assail the tribe of homo sapiens.\nIt might be because of urines antiseptic or germicidal effect. Ammonia, salt and urea are important here. Certainly, if all else fails, and you could never be induced to allow a drop of the amber nectar pass your lips, please make use of it externally where its miraculous healing properties can manifest before your very (sceptical) eyes.\nIt might be because of its diuretic effect. Drinking urine tends to result, almost paradoxically, in a greater flow of copious clear-coloured urine. It is as if the body is stimulated to ‘wash’ itself out. Accumulations of toxins, such as the uric acid, which is at the root of gout and rheumatism, are shifted. When re-ingested they are dealt with by the liver which moves along wastes. The over-all theory is that the kidneys are flushed and the bloodstream is purified.\nIt might be because of an immunological effect. If urine is toxic, as its detractors argue, then imbibing the toxins may stress the body’s defence systems in a beneficial manner. This is the logic behind the practice of inoculation. However the immunological effect is also rooted in a homeopathic theory of like curing like, or at least stimulating the body to deal more effectively with imbalance at a subtle root level. Studies suggest that the presence of antigens (substances which causes the body to produce antibodies) and antibodies themselves, in urine, stimulate the body’s immune system.\nIt might be because of the psychological effect. It could be that the shock of finding yourself to be actually quaffing your own urine allows for the breakdown of repressed neuroses, faulty thinking patterns, and conditional beliefs and limitations that have been leading you inexorably to states of fear.\n‘Applying your own bodily substances in an attempt to heal can lead to a considerably broadened outlook on the intelligence and power of the body, and can increase your appreciation and love for yourself as a physical and spiritual being.’ ( pg. 71 of The Golden Fountain.)\nAnd finally, urines healing potential might be because of the transmutation theory, as put forward by Coen van der Kroon. The basic theory here is that urine may contain a ‘holographic’ picture of the body’s fundamental condition, and that by drinking urine you are providing the subtle energy in the body with the information it needs to restore balance. This theory also proposes that the body is capable of transmuting certain substances in the body into other more helpful ones.\nIt is also proposed by some that urine is a ‘vibrational’ medicine, owing to the presence of salt crystals, and its well-organised molecular structure. This is a new emerging theory of wellness that you can explore and research under your own steam.\n…….Practising……\nIn order to practise urine therapy, for best healing potential it is advised that you consume the mid-stream flow of your first morning urine.\nThe first part of the flow cleans the tubes and the latter end of the flow contains settled particulates that may not be of much advantage.\nThis mid-stream fresh urine is also the urine you can use for gargling, neti and massage.\nYou can ‘age’ the urine for the purpose of massage for a few days in dark-coloured glass containers, which do not need to be closed, or ceramic containers if you prefer.\nIf you want to consume more than your morning brew then just stick to the mid-stream rule.\nSip rather than gulp your urine.\nYou can fast for a couple of days on pure water and urine to remove intransigent conditions.\nIf you are using prescribed or recreational drugs do not drink your urine, although you may try massage.\nDo not discontinue any medicines without the advise of your physician.\nAnyone suffering from serious diseases of heart, liver or kidneys should not practise amaroli.\nDo not consume urine that contains pus.\nIf you are pregnant do not use the first morning flow.\nWhat you eat, drink or otherwise ingest will affect the taste of the urine, so it is up to you to decide what delicacies you wish to forego.\nAmaroli may result in a ‘healing crises’, such as increased bowel movements, rashes, bad breath, and tiredness. See how it goes for you, and if anything becomes intolerable or an unbearable aggravation to already frazzled nerves, then reduce or desist entirely from the practice.\n….and in case you’re wondering….\nIn your wee you will find,\nIn no particular order of importance,\nAnd amongst other things……..\nPhosphor, sulphur, calcium and magnesium,\nIron, copper and zinc,\nNitrogen and urea,\ncreatine, guanidine, choline, spermine, dopamine,\nadrenaline, tryptamine,\nleucine, lycine, alanine,\nand phenylalanine.\nTyrosine, valine,\nSerotonin.\nAlbumin, transferrin,\nIgA, IgG, IgM,\nUrokinase, alpha-amylase, protease,\nLysozyme and xylose,\nribose, fructose, lactose, raffinose,\nB1, B2, B6, B12,\nNicotinic and ascorbic acids,\nGonadotropin, prolactin, oxytocin,\nThyroxin, insulin and cortisone,\nTestosterone, oestrogen, progesterone.\nAntineoplaston.\nDHEA, H-11, Interleukin-1,\n3-Methyl-glyoxal,\nProstaglandin, retine,\nAll that remains to be said is – Cheers.\n‹ Requirements for Membership of the Fianna, according to Fionn MacCumhail (by Flann O’ Brien)\nIf You Want To Draw Near To God ~ Abu Said Abul Khayr ›\nPosted in Health and Healing, Oddities, Uncategorized","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line663481"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6043539643287659,"wiki_prob":0.39564603567123413,"text":"BOOK - The Canadian…\nBOOK - The Canadian Air Force at High River quantity\nBOOK – The Canadian Air Force at High River\nCategories: Books, Publications\nWhen the Canadian Air Force was formed in 1923, the High River Air Station was the busiest in the country. Throughout the 1920’s, High River was at the forefront of aviation in Canada.\nThe air force returned to High River in earnest during World War II as the Calgary Aero Club and the RCAF combined to operate a very successful Elementary Flying Training School that graduated thousands of young pilots for service overseas. (6″x9″; 124 pages; 116 photos)\n22.86 × 15.24 × .76 cm\nPrints, Publications\nPRINT – Navigator\nBooks, Publications\nBOOK – Bomber Command Museum of Canada\nBOOK – Big Joe McCarthy\nMedallions (1)\nMemberships (5)\nWe're currently closed.We're open again on Saturday (January 15, 2022) from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line834407"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7266501188278198,"wiki_prob":0.2733498811721802,"text":"Sweden – I Love It\nDude Points February 12, 2019 March 17, 2021 omg 2019 already, shoulda shoulda shoulda\nOscar Enestad’s I Love It crashed out hard at Melfest, coming in last (despite coming in 6th in the televote). Enestad’s Eurovision dreams are over for 2019 (unless Poland calls for that duet with Margaret.)\nSo why am I still obsessed by this song? It’s accounted for at least half of my Spotify listening over the past few days (the other half being streams of Soldi). Given that I need to catch up with Montenegro and Romania and a gazillion other countries, why am I spending so much time on this Melfest washout?\nMaybe it’s because I’m so fascinated by song as intention vs. song as presentation. In the leadup to Melfest, I read all the news about how Oscar intended this to be a song about his May-September romance with Cecelia Dahlbom (he’s 21, she’s 50.) And I was excited about the chance to hear Enestad explain, in his own words, his experience of the relationship, which has now been going on for four years (or roughly 1/5 of Enestad’s life.)\nBut then I heard the song, and it never mentions her. Not just not her name, but not even the pronoun her. In fact, in the lyrics, the term ‘you’ is used only once, in the line “Without you, I ain’t living.” In contrast, “we” or “us” are used about six times, and “I” or “we” about eight times (and no, I’m not counting every single time he says ‘I love it’). So if it’s a love song to her, she’s remarkably absent from it.\nAnd that’s most evident in the chorus, in which Enestad sings, “I love it” after a verse full of sexual imagery, rather than “I love you” or “I love her” which scan just as easily.\nSo we’re left with the impression that what Enestad really loves is boning his lady – which is fine! He’s a 21 year old male! Or at least it would be fine if this were a song about love, but it’s really a song about doing it.\nWhich is ultimately why I find it such a disappointment. After years of silence on the relationship, the grand public declaration that Enestad has made about his relationship is that HE IS GETTING LAID, SWEDEN! It’s far from the gesture of love that was promised.\nCecelia Dahlbom, I know his skinny body is probably freaky in the sheets, but this does not bode well for a future together. If you’re just using him as a boy toy, fine! But if you want something more, DTMFA.\ni can't help but love it, i love it, melfest, oscar enestad, problematic fave, still a banger, sweden\nPrevious Songvakeppnin – Second Semifinal predictions\nNext Happy Valentine’s Day from Hatari","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line254808"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8994052410125732,"wiki_prob":0.8994052410125732,"text":"LOCASH Dates\nSorry, there are no LOCASH dates.\nLOCASH Biography\nAccording to many music industry insiders, 2015 is shaping up to be the year for....LOCASH. As the LoCash Cowboys, the duo has enjoyed hits with songs such as “Keep In Mind” and “The Best Seat In The House,” and have written such hits as the chart-topping “You Gonna Fly” for Keith Urban and “Truck Yeah” for Tim McGraw. They have built their brand through live performances, as well – with appearances on some of the most prestigious stages in the world, and have shared stages with acts ranging from Tim McGraw to Kiss. Their music has received over ten million view on YouTube, and they are known as one of the hardest working acts in the music business today.\nBut, the best is yet to come for the duo of Chris Lucas and Preston Brust – now simply known as LOCASH. They have just recently inked a new deal with Reviver Records - a new Nashville label that could very well be considered as the Ultimate All-Star team of music industry professionals, such as David Ross (President and CEO / Reviver Records), Butch Waugh (Strategic Advisor / Reviver), Tony Conway (Manager – Ontourage Management), Michael Powers and Matt Corbin of Star Farm Nashville. As you can imagine, there is an undeniable amount of excitement in the LOCASH world these days.\n“They say it takes ten years, and we’ve been out there doing it,” said the duo’s Chris Lucas. “It feels like it’s our year. This is where the stars have aligned. I feel like even though Preston and I are work horses – we go out and do in excess of a 150 shows a year, I think we can now focus more on our music, and the sound that we’ve always wanted to put out. We’ve usually been the ones calling radio. We can sit back and trust who we have on our team and in our corner to do their job, and allow us to focus on songwriting and performing.” Among the duo’s supporters include Kicker Audio, which has sponsored their “Livin’ Loud” tour, Dean Guitars, Under Armour clothing, Mossy Oak, Bowtech, Comcast, and Bud Light. They have also lent their considerable talents to The Outdoor Channel’s All Star Cast. Chris and Preston also believe in giving back to their community, by participating in such charities as D.A.R.E., St. Jude’s Children’s Hospital, and the T.J. Martell Foundation.\nThe LOCASH story so far has been quite exciting. When looking back at their career path so far, Brust said “We performed in Times Square on New Years’ Eve. That’s one of those coveted live performance slots that a lot of people never get to do – even as an icon. So, that was an energy that we had never felt before, watching the ball drop. I think having Keith Urban recording ‘You Gonna Fly,’ and giving us our first number one song really changed it all, and Tim McGraw doing ‘Truck Yeah” a few months later was huge for us as songwriters. That was his comeback single on Big Machine, and to be a part of that was a great moment for us. Playing the Grand Ole Opry was a big moment, and that’s where we got the idea for “The Best Seat In The House,’ so one thing kind of led itself to the other on that. It all becomes one big journey and one big memory that we are as excited about now as when we started out at the Wildhorse Saloon,” a reference to where the guys first united their musical talents together over a decade ago in the club’s DJ booth.\nBut, with dynamic new music slated for the first quarter of 2015, the memories will be getting even more plentiful for LOCASH. “I know we can make this new record deal very successful,” says Lucas. We’ve done our due diligence. We’ve threw kindling all over the place, and it’s time to light it. We’ve got a lot of great fans and people who believe in us. I don’t think you can be in a better position than what we are right now. I honestly think that 2015 will be the year that the public will hear great new music from Preston and me on the radio. We have studied with the best, and “For The First Time Ever,” we are confident that our songs and live performances are at the top of their game, so get ready to experience Livin’ Loud with LOCASH.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1720586"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7688652873039246,"wiki_prob":0.7688652873039246,"text":"2021 NBA Playoffs – Final four teams most likely to become a dynasty\nJune 21, 2021 /in NBA /by Chevall Kanhai\nThe NBA Playoffs is down to four teams, the Phoenix Suns, Los Angeles Clippers, Milwaukee Bucks, and the Atlanta Hawks. Each team has not won a championship since the NBA and ABA merged back in 1976. So by default, a new champion crowned this summer will end a dreadful drought. The NBA hasn’t seen a back-to-back winner since the Warriors last won in 2017 and 2018. The trend continues in 2021 as the defending champions Los Angeles Lakers couldn’t make it past the first round.\nIf you’re just tuning in to the NBA Playoffs you will not see any of the following players. LeBron James, Kevin Durant, Stephen Curry, Nikola Jokić (the NBA’s MVP!), and Luka Doncic. However, is that a bad thing? We’ll let you decide but this is year could be the start of an opportunity for a new star player to start a new winning way for a franchise that has been dying for it. The final four teams most likely to become a dynasty based on this season? Let’s rank ’em!\nThe idea here is that each of the four teams left in the 2021 NBA Playoffs will have to WIN the championship this season to start the dynasty run. In the scenario each team won the championship, I will break down why they could possibly become the NBA’s next dynasty at the start of a new decade.\nLet’s face it whether you knew about or just learning about Devin Booker it’s fair to say he’s certainly unstoppable in these 2021 Playoffs. Was there any doubt out there that he would struggle against the Clippers WITHOUT Chris Paul in the line-up? How’s 40 points, 13 rebounds, and 11 assist sound in Game 1? This also was a year some folks thought Paul should be an MVP candidate. However, at age 24 Booker is playing in his first playoffs and effectively a force when he’s on the floor. What makes this team a dynasty threat?\nThe young age of their core including Booker (24 years old), is DeAndre Ayton (22 years old), Mikal Bridges (24 years old), Cameron Payne (26 years old), and Cameron Johnson (25 years old). Jae Crowder, Chris Paul, and Torrey Craig don’t seem to be a part of this team long-term but in the next 2-3 years? Certainly. This team has the possibiltiy to stick together to run it back whether they win or lose the Finals this season.\nWinning a championship for the first time in Phoenix can pop the top for this team to possibly see itself in the NBA Finals quite frequently over the next 3-5 seasons. Would we complain about getting to watch Devin Booker elevate his game and carry a franchise to the Finals repeatedly?\nAre there any signs that the Suns are headed towards a dynasty now? Probably not and they could just be a single winner of the championship of the decade however, banking on the fact that Devin Booker is on the verge of elite stardom this is part of the forumla to stay winning in the NBA. Lastly, James Jones is the Suns General Manager and just won Executive of the Year. His leadership and basketball mind comes with being a part of elite chamipionship teams (including the only one to ever come back from a 3-1 deficit to win the championship in 2016). If this guy is at the top assembling a team with Booker leading, I’m buying in!\nWe have to give Giannis Antetokounmpo his credit where it’s due. His mindset is to win and we give him a hard time if he doesn’t. However, outdueling Kevin Durant and the “super team” Nets is still something we shouldn’t just take lightly. Even if James Harden played on one leg and Kyrie Irving was missing for the later part of the series. The Bucks to me were ready to leap into the Finals in 2019. A few bounces and the ball going through the net sealed the deal for the Raptors to face the Bucks in the 2019 Eastern Conference Finals. Running into Kawhi Leonard during a true underdog run left the Bucks coming up short yet again.\nMilwaukee has spent the last 4 seasons losing in the playoffs. Let’s take a look back at the last four seasons. The Greek Freak has won two MVP awards (2019, 2020), a Defensive Player of the Year award (2020), and the NBA’s Most Improved Player in 2017. Clearly, he’s on track to prove in the NBA that he’s a legit superstar that demands respect. However, no NBA Finals games under his belt and that is yet to be determined.\nShould Giannis take the Bucks to the NBA Finals this year AND win it? Adding a championship adds tremendous value to his resume, however, there is the feeling that the Bucks aren’t done there. Milwaukee signed Jrue Holiday to a contract extension earlier this year. Khris Middleton is in year two of a five-year deal which he wouldn’t be able to opt-out of until after the 2022-2023 season. This could be a new “big 3” to fear in the next few seasons and demanding respect especially if Giannis puts a ring on the Bucks franchise. If the Bucks win this season free agents have to believe in Giannis and his leadership to get them to the next level.\nHmm, I remember a trio that stuck together while a generational star joined them in 2017. Not saying the Bucks will attract or have the cap space remotely close to affording that but it allows for other veteran players to come and go likewise the Warriors rotating from Igoudala, Zaza Pachulia, Andrew Bogut, David Lee, Shaun Livingston, and Harrison Barnes. These vets served for the Warriors over their short span from 2016-2017 and adding Durant was the insurance that significant need for role players wasn’t necessary. Today’s NBA will need Donte DiVincenzo and Bryn Forbes to stick around, knock down shots and play defense.\nAnytime you have two of the top players in their prime on one team there has to be an easy consideration for being a contender but also a dynasty. I’m sure Paul George and Kawhi Leonard just magically didn’t show up to the Clippers to win one ring. A franchise in desperate need of a championship and also one that’s dubbed as LA’s “b-team” needs more respect than that. This dynasty could be very short-lived, however, but nonetheless, there is a possibility that we’re looking at the team with the most potential to win now and be back in the Finals next year without question.\nAssuming that Kawhi Leonard agrees to a max deal and stays a Clipper for the next 4-5 years and the Clippers win the championship this year, the Clippers will still have a bug in their ear. The Lakers are still the storied franchise of the city and a real big deal is across the hallway. LeBron James will most likely wrap up his legacy and career as a Laker with the last of the prime he has.\nI rank the Clippers above the Hawks here because the decade could start off with George and Leonard as the front runners who prove they can win when it’s their time too. Los Angeles made the coaching change and opted for Tyronn Lue who clearly is working harder without Leonard in the lineup during the most critical time, the playoffs. He’s worked with a star before (LeBron James) and obviously making enough adjustments (and Terance Mann) to keep the Clippers relevant in this year’s playoffs.\nThe Clippers have the best potential to be that team becomes a one-and-done champion (Raptors 2019, Pistons 2004, Mavericks 2011) most likely pending the decisions Leonard will make after this season with this contract. For now assuming the roster wins a championship it will be hard to see Kawhi leaving town anytime soon and rehabbing his way back to help his team win another one the next season.\nUnderdogs! The Hawks have turned into the underdog story that everyone besides Knicks fans can appreciate. Trae Young is dubbed “super villain” but clearly a young star that wants to win at all costs. Usually midseason coaching changes means a team is headed in a totally different direction. However, Nate McMillan took over for the Hawks Head Coaching position on March 1, 2021 and since then the Hawks haven’t looked a direction in the wrong way.\nAre the Hawks ready to be a dynasty if they get to the Finals and win it this season? The problem is here that it’s truly hard to see the Hawks winning the championship this season but also the fact that Giannis still will be roaming the Eastern Conference until he decides he’s done with basketball at this rate. The odds are that the Hawks may not peak just yet and Trae Young, while he is elite now, also may need another All-Star next to him. The winning formula is slowly brewing in Atlanta.\nYoung and the Hawks also have a dilemma on the John Collins contract as he’s a restricted free agent after the season. This season, however, will be telling the story that Young is building in his short career. It’s already off to a good note that he’s won TWO series against teams arguably better defensively in the NBA and the Hawks (Knicks and 76ers). If the Hawks fall short of a title this season we’re probably not going to slander Trae but appreciate he’s got a brought future ahead.\nIt is very unlikely the Hawks win the championship this season but if they do, the likelihood of them winning again next season or the next 2-3 years also is unlikely. The good sign is Atlanta has most of their young core signed until the end of the 2022 season. With a little bit of space clearing that summer, Stephen Curry and Chris Paul are free agents (as of now) and the remaining players with Player Options are John Wall, James Harden, Kevin Durant, Bradley Beal, Jimmy Butler, Kyrie Irving, Julius Randle, and Kawhi Leonard. Should any of these players opt-out and get curious Atlanta SHOULD be on their agenda.\nhttps://baselinetimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Baseline-Times-Featured-9.png 423 1210 Chevall Kanhai https://baselinetimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/BTheader.png Chevall Kanhai2021-06-21 22:19:062021-06-22 00:09:302021 NBA Playoffs - Final four teams most likely to become a dynasty\nTop NBA Stories\nTokyo 2020 Summer Olympics Hub\nTokyo 2020 Summer Olympics – Men’s Basketball Preview\nWhich Country is Really Winning the Olympics?\n2021 NBA Finals: (2) Phoenix Suns vs (3) Milwaukee Bucks\nThe July of Drafts – MLB, NBA, and NHL 2021 Draft day breakdown","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1631295"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.607559323310852,"wiki_prob":0.39244067668914795,"text":"Dakota College at Bottineau Offers Natural Resource Opportunities\nFeb 25, 2021, 9:09 AM\nDakota College at Bottineau provides natural resource programs as an essential component of good environmental stewardship. These programs prepare students for jobs to protect and regulate natural habitats and renewable natural resources. Effective conservation involves education related to natural resources and natural resources management. As a two-year college offering 33 Career and Technical Education (CTE) programs, Dakota College designs and deliver the environmental education.\nMiSU and DCB Sign Nurse Program Articulation Agreement\nDakota College at Bottineau and Minot State University (MiSU) recently signed an Articulation Agreement, which formally recognizes their commitment to working together to provide educational opportunities for the students of their institutions. The purpose of this agreement is to enable students who have earned their Associate of Applied Science Degree (AAS) in Nursing from Dakota College at Bottineau to transfer to Minot State University and enter the Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) completion program.\nAgriculture Program Is A Fit for the Area\nAgriculture Management and Technology is a Career and Technical Education (CTE) program that prepares students for rewarding opportunities in agriculture. Dakota College at Bottineau understands the need of the critical workforce shortage in north central North Dakota. There are many employment opportunities with agronomy centers, farming or ranching operations, grain elevators, equipment and parts dealerships, state/federal agencies and numerous other employers in the agriculture industry.\nDakota College at Bottineau Reports Increased Spring Enrollment\nFeb 11, 2021, 4:44 PM\nDakota College at Bottineau is reporting a record enrollment for the spring 2021 semester. The official enrollment of 1,030 is up from last spring’s record enrollment of 903, which is a 14% increase compared to last year. Much of the increase is attributed to more part-time students. The number of full-time students was down slightly, but remains very close to last year’s numbers.\nParamedic Technology Program Accepting Applications\nDakota College at Bottineau in collaboration with Community Ambulance of Minot is accepting applications to the Paramedic Technology program until April 1, 2021. The Paramedic Technology program prepares students for a rewarding opportunity in the growing field of emergency medical services. It is for anyone who has a genuine desire to care for people in an out-of-hospital setting. Students must be able to think critically and work on their own to provide patients the best possible care.\nWildlife and Fisheries Career Opportunities\nFeb 9, 2021, 8:34 AM\nOne of the exciting CTE offerings at Dakota College is the Wildlife and Fisheries Technology program. A career in Wildlife and Fisheries Management is an excellent choice for students who enjoy and want to conserve the great outdoors. The program focuses on the principles of ecology, habitat management, and animal conservation, with hands-on training in animal and fish sampling for research and management.\nDakota College Receives Large-Project Orchard and Garden Grant\nFeb 8, 2021, 10:27 AM\nND Agriculture Commissioner Doug Goehring has awarded grants totaling more than $71,000 for five large-project orchard and garden grants. Dakota College at Bottineau was awarded $19,495 from this grant to install a community orchard on the Dakota College campus.\nCareer and Technical Education Month\nFeb 2, 2021, 4:56 PM\nGovernor Doug Burgum has proclaimed February 2021 as Career and Technical Education Month. Known for Career and Technical Education (CTE) programs, Dakota College at Bottineau provided students with technical skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary for successful performance in a globally competitive workplace.\nIndustrial Hemp Production Program Available\nDakota College at Bottineau provides a training opportunity for the food and agriculture workforce center through an Industrial Hemp Production program. New to Dakota College in fall of 2020, the main objective is to provide education on commercial propagation, cultivation and processing of industrial hemp (Cannabis Sativa). In addition, learning is extended to state and federal compliance and regulations relating to industrial hemp.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1259412"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9961220622062683,"wiki_prob":0.9961220622062683,"text":"Sulli reportedly found dead at her Seoul residence; K-pop singer's manager says she 'suffered from depression'\nSulli, who made her debut as a child actor in 2005, became popular after joining K-pop girl band f(x)\nKorean pop star and actor Sulli was found dead at her home in Seoul, South Korea.\nThe 25-year-old was found after her manager went to her home in Seongnam because she didn’t answer phone calls for hours, said Kim Seong-tae, an official from the Seongnam Sujeong Police Department.\nSulli. Image from The Associated Press\nKim said that there were no signs of foul play and that police did not find a suicide note.\n“The investigation is ongoing and we won’t make presumptions about the cause of death,” said Kim, adding that security camera footage at Sulli’s home showed no signs of an intrusion.\nThe manager said the actor, whose real name Choi Jin-ri, suffered depression, and police said that they are looking at the chances of suicide.\nIn a statement sent to reporters, SM Entertainment, Sulli’s agency, said her death was “very hard to believe and sorrowful.”\nIn the initial investigation, police neither found any sign of criminal offence, nor a suicide note.\nChoi, who made her debut as a child actor in 2005, became popular after joining K-pop girl band f(x).\nShe played the lead role in 2017 film Real and in Pirates. The actor had recently shot for TV show Hotel Del Luna and was set to star in Persona for Netflix.\nShe was known for her feminist voice and outspokenness that was rare among female entertainers in deeply conservative South Korea. She recently appeared in a TV show and spoke out against online backlash she received over her lifestyle. She even suspended her career in 2014 after struggling with cyber-bullying and left the group a year later to focus on acting projects.\nSouth Korea has one of the world's highest rates of suicide which, according to recent government figures, is among the top causes of death for those under 40.\nSixty years of The Rolling Stones: How the British band has braved substance abuse and bandmate feuds over decades\nWhy The Rolling Stones have had the longevity that they have enjoyed is because they are one of the greatest examples of what teamwork can actually produce.\nGrammy Awards 2022 rescheduled to April, will now take place in Las Vegas\nGrammys, which was originally scheduled for late January, is moved after organisers’ determined there were “too many risks” because of the virus’s latest surge.\nAfter the Universal deal, Bob Dylan now sells his entire catalogue of recorded music to Sony\nBob Dylan's deal with Sony is separate from his blockbuster publishing sale to Universal\nElton John postpones Texas concerts after testing positive for COVID-19\nElton John is fully vaccinated and boosted, and is currently experiencing only mild symptoms, according to a post on his Instagram.\nMeat Loaf gave an entire generation of Indian fans a voice, and sadly lost his own in the process\nMeat Loaf burst onto our television screens in 1993 when India's newly liberalised market had just paved the way for cable networks — particularly MTV — to open our world to the experience of consuming music visually.\nOn Kavita Krishnamurthy's birthday, listing her top five songs from Hawa Hawaii to Maar Dala\nBirthday Special: As Kavita Krishnamurthy turns 64, here's a list of top five songs from the playback singer","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1851410"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8918520212173462,"wiki_prob":0.8918520212173462,"text":"home Biography Abraham Lim\nAbraham Lim\nRiddhi Published On Mon May 24 2021 Modified On Mon May 24 2021\nFacts of Abraham Lim\nFull Name Abraham Lim\nFirst Name Abraham\nLast Name Lim\nBirth Name Abraham Lim\nBirth City Kansas\nHoroscope Scorpio\nDate of Birth November 9,1987\nBody and Relation Status of Abraham Lim\nWhat is the height of Abraham Lim? 178 cm\nWhat is the weight of Abraham Lim? 72 kg\nAbraham Lim is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and editor who is known for his work on movies and TV shows such as Clickbait, The Boys, and The Fix.\nHow Old Is Abraham Lim?\nAbraham Lim was born under the birth sign Scorpio on November 9, 1987, in Kansas, United States of America. He is of American nationality and belongs to Asian ethnicity.\nHis parents moved to the United States from Korea in the 1950s. He has an elder sister named Grace Roldan who is already married and has two kids. As a child, he grew up in Queens, NY, and later on moved to San Diego, CA.\nAbraham Lim has a child\nRegarding education, he has completed his degree from Tisch School of The Arts. After completion of his graduation, he moved to LA to pursue his acting career.\nWho Is Abraham Lim Dating?\nThe 33-years-old, Abraham Lim doesn't seem to be involved in any kind of relationship as of now. As per him, his first love was singing and music, having sung all his life.\nHe is very much open up when it comes to sharing about his personal life matter on Instagram but none of his posts has hinted about his love life.\nAs per his profile, he has shared a very strong bond with his family and especially loves to spent his leisure time with his nephew.\nAbraham Lim is already halfway to a millionaire(i.e. $500 thousand ). All of his worth is possible from his career in the entertainment industry since 2013.\nHe made his debut from his appearance in the TV series named Welcome to the Family as Frat Brother.\nAfter this, he has worked in several movies and series and has more than 25 acting credits in his name. Some of his notable work includes The Crazy Ones, Hello, My Name Is Doris, Filthy Preppy Teen$, The Wedding Party, The Real O'Neals, Famous in Love, Relationship Status, The Rookie, The Dead Girls Detective Agency, The Boys.\nThese days she has received huge a limelight after he has been cast in the TV Mini-Series, Clickbait. In the series, he has shared Phoenix Raei, Jaylin Fletcher, Cameron Engels, among others.\nAmerican director","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line113404"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5195679068565369,"wiki_prob":0.48043209314346313,"text":"The University of Genoa (Università di Genova) is one of the largest public universities in Italy. Located in Liguria on the Italian Riviera in the north of Italy, is organized in several independent campuses located in Genoa, Savona, Imperia, La Spezia.\nGenoa (Italy)\n16126, University of Genoa, Via Balbi, 5, Genoa, Italy\nhttps://unige.it/en\nWelcome to University of Genoa\nUniGe is one of the oldest of the large European universities. Organized into 5 Schools and 22 Departments, as well as in 1 Excellence Center and 2 focused scientific research centers, it features more than 280 educational paths distributed in the campuses of Genoa, Imperia, Savona, and La Spezia. Students can attend one of the 129 study programs, out of which 17 are instructed in English, also including double degrees with other universities worldwide. They can also take advantage of more than 45 postgraduate schools, 25 first and second level masters, and 29 PhD courses. Furthermore, students can take advantage of the availability of the Genoa City Library system, whereby city and university libraries have been merged to guarantee a seamless access to all stored knowledge. Located at the heart of a superb city, UniGe is one of the most renowned comprehensive, multidisciplinary, public university in Italy, with peaks of excellence in several scientific, technological, and cultural domains.\nUniGe is officially recognized as one of the leading universities in all matters related to the blue economy, with more than 400 worldwide experts in the sea habitat and sustainable exploitation. As a comprehensive university, research activities span various scientific, technological, and cultural branches. This is done in strong synergy with important local, national and international research institutions, world-renowned hospitals, and the results of research activities are exploited via a sustained interaction with the Industry, leading to the establishment of startup companies span out from research activities and the filling of international patents. Developing cultural exchanges and international cooperation is one of the main objectives of UniGe. Accelerating the transition towards a global, cosmopolite university environment is carried out via academic cooperation activities, EU-backed programs, strategic partnerships, and double/joint degrees. This is done via the establishment of important networks and cooperation channels.\nUniGe is partner of the European Universities Alliance Ulysseus, recognized and funded by the European Commission to design and prototype the universities of the Europe of the future. UniGe is above all its Faculty, composed of more than 1300 researchers and professors, its administrative and technical staff, amounting up to 1200 members, and above all of its more than 34.000 students, 10% of which are international.\nUniversity of Genoa, Via Balbi, 5\nTuition cost: 136 - 3 000 € p.a.\nClassic and Ancient History\nEarth and Marine Sciences\nForensic Science and Archaeology\nJournalism, publishing and public relations\nPharma and Pharmacology\nSocial policy and administration\nCourses Offered:\nArchitectural composition\nEconomics and Data Science\nEngineering for building retrofitting\nEngineering for natural risk management\nEngineering technology for strategy and security\nInternet and multimedia engineering\nMedical-pharmaceutical biotechnology\nSafety engineering for transport, logistic and production\nSecurity and international relations\nYact design\nhttps://courses.unige.it/?lingua=en\nMaritime Science and technology\nhttps://courses.unige.it/10948\nThe full fees and taxes are 3.000€ per annum. UniGe can apply a reduction to the full fees based on family income and size of the family.In extreme cases, after reduction fees could be as low as 136 €. The average tuition fees paid by international students enrolled at UniGe is about 350 € per year. The Regional Agency for students and guidance of Liguria (Aliseo) has a Program of Scholarship and a Program for students’ accommodations.\nhttps://www.aliseo.liguria.it/foreign-students/\nKOZMINSKI UNIVERSITY\nAutograf Design\nWroclaw University of Science and Technology\nUniversity of Padua\nThe University of Pavia\nUniversità degli Studi di Torino","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line647593"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8471766114234924,"wiki_prob":0.8471766114234924,"text":"In the film industry there is a small but mighty group whose goal is to bring spiritual, uplifting, and edifying messages to its audience. This group consists largely of Christian production companies from all over the world. Today, we will take a look at five of these companies (within the U.S.) and the films that are making a spiritual dent in our society.\nProvident Films\nBased in Nashville, it started as a music group production company, but its CEO Terry A. Hemmings took it to the next level.[1] Provident Films has quite an extensive and impressive resume. Its films include “Grace Card”, “King’s Faith”, “Courageous”, and the upcoming “Mom’s Night Out”.\nClick for King’s Faith\nSherwood Pictures\nNot as prominent as Provident films, it still has produced some wonderful films alongside PF, such as “Flywheel”, “Facing the Giants”, “Fireproof”, and “Courageous”. Alex and Stephen Kendrick joined the staff in 1999 (Alex) and 2001(Stephen). They not only write and direct, but occasionally star in their films.[2]\nLightWorkers Media\nLWM is the newest to the industry, with Roma Downey as President. Known for her work on “Touched by an Angel”, it is not surprising that she would want to join her peers in creating big screen cinema. Her husband, Mark Burnett, works alongside her.[3] Their most recent successes have been the epic miniseries “The Bible” and wide release “Son of God”.\nClick for Son of God\nCloud Ten Pictures\nWith over a decade of critical and popular success, Cloud Ten Pictures continues to produce films that inspire and lead. Actors such as Judd Nelson, Kirk Cameron, Ving Rhames, and Nicolas Cage have starred in several films. It is most noted for its “Left Behind” series, “Apocalypse,” “Tribulation”, and “Revelation”.\nHalestorm Entertainment\nFounded in 2001 by Kurt Hale and Dave Hunter, Halestorm Entertainment has produced comedy and dramatic films. “Singles Ward” launched its success, followed by “The Home Teachers”, “Sons of Provo”, and “The Best Two Years”. HsE primarily works produces and films for the Mormon community, although about anyone can enjoy these films, especially if you are familiar with the stereotypes and clichés among Latter-Day Saints.[4]\nClick for Singles Ward\nClick for The Best Two Years\nMost of us have never heard of these films, but if you find you are in need of a spiritual boost, many of these and others can be found on netflix and youtube.\n[1] http://www.providentfilms.org/about\n[2] http://SherwoodPictures.com/how-we-do-it/\n[3] http://www.lightworkersmedia.com/homepage.htm\n[4] http://www.halestormentertainment.com/about-halestorm\nTags: Christian Cinema, Christian films, Spiritual Films\nCategories Consumer Awareness, Movies\nAuthor littlebells\n← Science Fiction with Spiritual Themes\n2014 Christian Films Box Office Results! →\n6 Responses to “Religious Film Production Companies”\nGreat, great list LB. How did they make your list? Did u have a particular criteria that help you comprise your list?\nlittlebells April 16, 2014 at 9:11 PM #\nThank you! Honestly, I just picked films I had seen in the last 10 years or so and checked who their production team was. Provident Films has a great list of their movies. I was amazed at how many they had done.\nYou can also check out the following link for all Christian Productions:http://www.christianfilmdatabase.com/production-companies-3/\nGreat link LB.\nOn a different note. Do u know who produced “Noah” and “Son of God?” Noah has received good reviews but films like “God’s Not Dead,” Heaven’s for Real” and “Son of God” did poorly among critics. Do u think there is some validity to their claims stating those films are “cheesy, safe, bland and does not hold up on the big screen?”\nGranted I think audiences should make their own decisions when choosing a film instead of relying on a film critic who may have different agendas etc… But truth be told I dislike films that are too literal and overt with their message which is what some religious films often get accused of being by critics. Do u think that’s a fair assessment?\nI guess the real challenge for religious films is sustaining realism and objectivity.\n4string April 20, 2014 at 8:16 PM #\nHowever, with a biblical film like Noah, you need to be as true as possible to the source material, The Bible in this case. Critics may have liked it but I’ve heard that Jewish and Christian reviewers said it was ridiculous. I haven’t seen it, but they were saying they tried to make it Transformers with Noah’s ark. Also, keep in mind that many religious movies don’t have big budgets.\nI agree with 4String. It is a story from the Bible and once you take away that source, it’s not credible. Granted I wasn’t there with Noah, but I’m pretty sure Hollywood’s version was not it. Noah’s story is also very God centered. It was God who commanded him to build the ark and explained why he was doing it.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line580067"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5442621111869812,"wiki_prob":0.5442621111869812,"text":"Humans of UiPath: Jessica Nolin on Learning as a Habit\n“I feel like I’ve grown immensely since I joined UiPath. Working for a company that moves this quickly, your only option to stay relevant is growth.”\nJessica Nolin, our Employee Experience Lead has been with UiPath for more than two years now. During these years, learning has been one of her top priorities. Actually, it has been constant during her life so far.\n“I grew up in a small town in Alaska. It had one stoplight. I think there were three thousand people. Everybody went to the same school for high school, middle school and so on. Then I ended up studying Political Science and Natural Resource Management because I really wanted to go into environmental policy when I got older.”\nRight after finishing her studies, Jessica won Miss Alaska and started her career in fashion. “Inevitably, I moved to New York. I worked for Chanel for at least half a decade through several different roles from retail to corporate, marketing and sales.”\nShe was still at her old job when she had Alora, her daughter. “I realized it was very hard to be a young single parent working in fashion and in New York City. And I needed a change. It was kind of an unforgiving industry to really be able to grow outside the role I was in or have any level of flexibility as a parent, which I found myself in desperate need of.” She started looking for another job without really knowing which direction to turn.\nThat’s when Jessica reconnected with an old friend that had moved back to New York, Robin Fish. They went to elementary school together in that small town in Alaska. Robin was already working for UiPath and she suggested Jessica should apply for a job here. “I felt like I didn’t know anything about tech. But I still did it. I originally interviewed for the Employer Brand team to do events and marketing because that was the most transferable knowledge I had from my previous role. Events and marketing space in New York City were definitely something I had experience in.” She got the job.\nOver the past two years, Jessica spent a lot of time outside work learning about the tech industry and really becoming a student of it. “And then, you know, through the course of my work, I've had a chance to manage and work with teams of different sizes at different points. I got the job of running employer branding events. I stayed in that role for I think about the first year of my time here at UiPath. Then I transitioned into leading employee experience for the company. I shifted from helping attract some of the best talent in the region to helping retain that talent and creating systems that could support it. And that's really where we're at now as we work toward becoming a more structured place that has everything that people really look for in a company.”\nWhile at UiPath, Jessica continued her learning journey. She passed one internal leadership program for new leaders and she also completed Accomplishment Coaching, which is a life coaching certification program. “It's considered kind of one of the top schools for coaching and it's globally recognized. I finished that school and I'll be working to finish my certification in the next hopefully three to four months as I accumulate my coaching hours. I'm currently doing that on the weekends.”\nSince her time at UiPath, Jessica joined several different organizations tying to upskill and kind of spread her wings outside the industry she once was in. She currently sits on the founding board of Peak, which is an event planning group in New York.\nShe’s also focused on being a change agent when it comes to Diversity initiatives within UiPath and outside of the company. “I also am in a listening circles group with other people and we focus either on diversity inclusion or employee experience. Aside from that, I started reaching out to a few female organizations to start creating partnerships to help get my coaching hours and then to help give back.”\nJessica thinks her manager and her team are very supportive of her growth and she’s trying to do the same. \"I'll often ask my team in their check ins what they're doing for their own mental health and wellness and career growth outside work.”\nJessica is trying to pass her passion for learning to her daughter through activities and games. “It's not like we’re doing learning just one time of day. But we started incorporating learning into daily activities. If I could give any advice to the parents out there, this is the one thing I found in the past few months. We've started writing books together as a way to get her engaged in practicing reading and writing. And learning foreign languages like Spanish or French though index cards all over the house with labels of objects like furniture or other things. It’s something that helped a lot in these times.”\nLearning is something that we’re surely focusing on. It’s in our DNA as a company. And Jessica is one of our champions. If you liked her story and are thinking of joining UiPath, check out our available jobs.\nby Mircea Mocanu\nTweets by @uipath","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1605577"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8651663661003113,"wiki_prob":0.8651663661003113,"text":"Margot Robbie Auctioning off 'Birds of Prey' Premiere Tickets to Benefit Times Up\nBy Jenna Anderson - December 11, 2018 11:44 pm EST\nOne lucky fan will get a chance to see Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) a little early -- and support a great cause at the same time.\nMargot Robbie, who is reprising her role as Harley Quinn in the DC Extended Universe film, recently announced a Birds of Prey-themed experience that is being auctioned off on eBay. Whoever wins the auction will get to visit the set at some point during production, as well as get two tickets to the film's premiere and after party.\nTwo tickets to the premiere and after party of #BirdsofPrey can be yours! I'm auctioning off the experience on @ebay to benefit @TIMESUPLDF. Head to //t.co/5ssihFGqsL now and bid away! #ebayforcharity\n— Margot Robbie (@MargotRobbie) December 11, 2018\nThe auction is part of a larger benefit for the Time's Up Legal Defense Fund, which works to end sexual harassment in the entertainment industry and beyond. Other items or experiences up for auction include a bundle of Captain Marvel merch signed by Brie Larson, and the opportunity to spend a day with New Gods director Ava DuVernay.\nAt the time of this writing, the Birds of Prey experience is currently being auctioned off for $3,450. If you'd like to get in on the bidding, you can check it out here.\nBirds of Prey will see Harley Quinn (Margot Robbie), Black Canary (Jurnee Smollett-Bell), Huntress (Mary Elizabeth Winstead), Cassandra Cain (Ella Jay Basco), and Renee Montoya (Rosie Perez) joining forces to take down the DC Comics villain Black Mask (Ewan McGregor). The cast also includes Chris Messina, Ali Wong, and Robert Catrini.\n\"I pitched the idea of an R-rated girl gang film including Harley, because I was like, 'Harley needs friends.' Harley loves interacting with people, so don't ever make her do a standalone film,\" Robbie said in a previous interview. \"She's got to be with other people, it should be a girl gang. I wasn't seeing enough girl gangs on screen, especially in the action space. So that was always a big part of it.\"\nBirds of Prey will be directed by Cathy Yan, with a script from Bumblebee's Christina Hodson. The film is expected to be an R-rated entry into the DC Extended Universe pantheon.\n\"It's really exciting, and even the process of going through getting the role and everything was a very different experience than I've typically been through,\" Winstead explained shortly after being cast. \"Being with the other actresses and a female director and just the whole energy behind this is so unique, so I'm really happy about that.\"\nBirds of Prey will reportedly begin filming in January, and will operate under a working title of \"Fox Force Five\".","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line596983"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6913092732429504,"wiki_prob":0.30869072675704956,"text":"Small Flowered Willow-herb\nEpilobium parviflorum\nOnce I received a letter from a family man in which it said, I quote: \"l beg you to show me a way back to health and give my family back their healthy father.\" Before, he had related his story: In 1961 a chronic inflammation of the prostate gland became acute through bathing in water containing radium. He went from one hospital to another, no doctor operated on him, he was in despair. Every time he had a bowel movement, there was pus and blood in the stools. Due to the many medications he developed duodenal ulcers, serious liver disorders and the valuable intestinal bacteria were destroyed. He became very sick and, on the doctor's orders, had to stop all medication. Then he was, as he wrote, operated on electrically. Despite the operation the inflammation did not clear up. Medications and injections worsened his condition again. Then he started to drink Stinging Nettle tea and a special tea for bladder trouble, which improved his condition so far that he was able to go back to work. He could have spared himself all this suffering had he but known the Small Flowered Willow-herb which can cure disorders of the prostate gland.\nThe Willow-herb, until now hardly found mentioned in herbals, has since the first publication of this book in the German language started an almost triumphal march across Europe and even further, as a medicinal herb for disorders of the prostate gland.\nSince there are several species of Willow-herb and some people are uncertain which are the ones with the medicinal properties I will mention the ones that can be used: Pink Willow-herb (Epilobium roseum), Small flowered Willow-herb (Epilobium parviflorum), Mountain Willow-herb (Epilobium montanum), Dark-green Willow-herb (Epilobium obscurum), Lance-leaved Willow-herb (Epilobium lanzeolatum), Hill Willow-herb (Epilobium collinum), Marsh Willow-herb (Epilobium palustre), Gravel Willow-herb (Epilobium fleischeri), and Alpine Willow-herb (Epilobium anagallidifolium). The Willow-herbs with the medicinal properties are recognizable by their small flowers. The colour is reddish, pale-pink to almost white. The flowers stand on top of the long thin pod-like seed vessels. These later split, disclosing many silky white hairs in which are embedded the tiny seeds.\nOf the varieties mentioned, the whole herb is gathered, that is, stems with leaves and flowers, but care should be taken to pick the herb in the middle of the stem - it breaks easily - so that it can form new side shoots. The plant is cut in the fresh state. Even in the most severe cases only 2 cups of Willow-herb tea are drunk, 1 cup in the morning on an empty stomach and 1 cup in the evening. But it does not mean that a visit to the doctor is not necessary. In any case, for every serious illness, a doctor has to be consulted.\n2 species of Willow-herb which can hardly be mistaken for the smaller species are the Great Hairy Willow-herb (Epilobium hirsutum) and the Rose Bay Willow-herb (Epilobium angustifolium).These must not be gathered. The first has large rose-purple flowers. lt grows, much branched, in masses by ponds, in marshes and damp meadows and reaches a height of 150 cm. The stems and leaves are fleshy and slightly hairy. The Austrian botanist, Richard Willfort, who knew the Willowherb as a medicinal plant well, does not mention it in his book. As he said, it could be easily mistaken for the Great Hairy Willow-herb which, compared to the Small Flowered Willow-herb, has f lowers 5 times as large, its stems and leaves are fleshy and it grows a lot taller, but has the opposite effect. The Rose Bay Willow-herb (Epilobium angustifolium) also know as Fireweed, Blood Vine, Blooming Sally, grows in copses, waste grounds recently cleared and edges of woods and reaches a height of 150 cm. The slightly reddish stems end in long showy spikes of rose-purple flowers. When these abundantly growing Rose Bay Willow-herbs flower, they turn areas into fire-red patches.\nI was a young woman, when my father-in-law, in his prime, died from hypertrophy of the prostate gland. A neighbour who knew a lot about herbs showed me the Small Flowered Willow-herb and said: \"Had your father-in-law drunk the tea made from this plant he would still be alive today. Take note of this plant! You are still a young woman and you might be able to help a lot of people.\" But as things go when one is young and healthy, I did not trouble myself about it. Not so my mother! She gathered Willow-herb every year and was able to help many people suffering from bladder or kidney disorders. The curative effect is so great that, often suddenly, all complaints caused by prostate disorder disappear. There were cases, where men were to have an operation, the urine came only in drops and 1 cup of this tea brought relief. Of course, the tea has to be drunk throughout a period to bring about complete recovery.\nThrough my mother I heard of a patient who had undergone 3 operations for clinically diagnosed cancer of the bladder and who was in a sad state. I recommended Willow-herb tea. Later I heard from his doctor that he had recovered. This happened at a time when I did not concern myself with medicinal herbs. But this case had a lasting effect on me. My mother often told me not to forget to gather Willow-herb should she be gone one day. ln 1961 my dear mother died and I forgot to gather Willow-herb that summer. ln the surgery of my doctor I learned that an acquaintance of mine was in hospital with cancer of the bladder. I thought of the Willow-herb. The doctor, although not against herbs, said that in this case nothing could help. But I had not gathered any Willow-herb and noticed with dismay that it was now the middle of October, everything would be wilted and dried up. Nevertheless I went to a place where I had seen them flowering in the summer. I found only some yellowed stems which I picked and cut finely. This I sent to the man's wife. She gave him 2 cups a day, 1 cup in the morning and 1 cup in the evening. 14 days later, the doctor rang me up to say that this man was feeling, much better. “Well, your herbs help!”, he said laughingly. From that time on I have been able to help hundreds and hundreds of people. As an old man once had said to me: “Take note of this plant! You might be able to help many people.”\nA chemist in Munich showed me an old pharmacopoeia where it was still mentioned around 1880. Drugs have pushed it aside. Through my publications, talks and herb-walks the Willow-herb has become known again. My suggestions find an echo in many people, thence when my husband and I go on our walks, be it in the mountains, on hills or near brooks, we meet with pleasure people picking out carefully the middle shoot of the Willow-herb. Everyone who knows this herb values and preserves it through careful picking. lt grows back 2 or 3 times after being picked.\nFrom many letters I learned that in many gardens the Willow-herb grows between strawberries, vegetables and f lowers and for many years it was looked upon as a troublesome weed and pulled out. How it could have helped many a suffering person. Not so long ago I was able to help a priest who, suffering from cancer of the prostate gland and given up by the doctors, is now doing his normal work.\nFrom a letter I quote: \"My sister-in-law suffered from a tear in the intestine and the bladder caused by X-ray treatment. It was so painful that the doctor had to give her morphine. According as per the illustration in your book 'Health through God's Pharmacy', we looked for the Small Flowered Willow herb, found it and gave the tea to my sister-in-law. After having drunk the tea for one week the pain subsided.\"\nMany who suffer from a disorder of the prostate gland are able to find relief without an operation through the Willow-herb. lf an operation has been performed, the Willow-herb tea relieves the burning and other complaints which often occur afterwards. But in any case a doctor should be consulted.\nA man who had recovered from a prostate disorder wrote: \"The Small Flowered Willow-herb has relieved my prostate disorder. I was in hospital with a heart infarct but I also suffered from prostate disorder and because of my heart trouble I could not be operated on. I heard of the wonderful Willow-herb which has helped in so many similar cases. I started to drink 3 cups daily; after several days I had no more complaints. I still drink 2 cups per day for a complete recovery. I thank God from the bottom of my heart. May you, Mrs. Treben, help many more people with the Small Flowered Willow-herb. lt is unbelievable that medicinal plants give such results.\"\nINFUSION: 1 heaped teaspoon per ¼ litre of boiling water, infused for a short time. Only 2 cups a day are taken, 1 cup in the morning on an empty stomach, 1 cup in the evening, half an hour before a meal.\nTags: small flowered willow-herb","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line92126"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6682782173156738,"wiki_prob":0.6682782173156738,"text":"A blueprint for an effective international climate agreement\nJennifer Morgan and Yamide Dagnet 3 December 2014 0\nThe world is at a pivotal moment. As part of the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), countries are currently hard at work to create an international climate agreement by 2015 that can both respond to the growing impacts of climate change and drive a global shift to a low- carbon economy.\nThere have been other attempts to do this in the past. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997, the Copenhagen Accord, and the Cancun and Durban decisions all were steps forward, but neither the level of emissions reductions achieved nor the international rules and norms established are up to the challenge of solving climate change. It’s clear that the new agreement must be different from the litany of past compacts, protocols, accords and decisions—but how?\nAs the official negotiations have been underway, a small group of experts has quietly been thinking through these tough issues, conducting research and convening governments and stakeholders such as businesses, NGOs, labor and faith representatives and others around the world. Today, this group of experts, known as the Agreement for Climate Transformation 2015 (ACT 2015) partnership, releases Elements and Ideas for the Paris Agreement. The publication includes ideas on how various elements could be crafted to produce the strongest and most effective agreement possible. Here, we outline functions and core components to help design a new international climate agreement that goes further than any other previous plan.\n8 Functions the 2015 Agreement Must Fulfill\nBefore designing any agreement, you must first consider the goals it should achieve. What does this agreement need to do for you, whether you are a government representative, business, faith group or an environmentalist? The ACT 2015 partnership identified eight functions:\nSend a clear signal to policymakers, businesses, investors and the public that a low-carbon economy is inevitable.\nIncorporate the latest science into the process to ensure that emissions reductions align with what the research says is necessary to mitigate impacts.\nMake the global agreement relevant to the real economy and real people by connecting it to countries’ current national debates.\nDemonstrate fairness, equity and justice in climate actions.\nProvide transparency and accountability for countries’ commitments.\nAccelerate investments in low-carbon and climate-resilient initiatives and technologies, and provide support to developing countries.\nProtect the most vulnerable populations.\nProvide incentives for countries to go faster and further with their climate action commitments.\n3 Components for a Strong Agreement\nAfter figuring out what functions the 2015 agreement should fulfill, the next question is: What design elements would help achieve these functions? We found that three components are essential: long-term goals, a means to implement these goals, and transparency on the progress countries make.\nLong-Term Goals\nACT 2015 puts forward two long-term goals. Countries have already agreed to ensure that global temperature does not increase more than 2° Celsius above pre-industrial levels in order to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change. In the Paris Agreement, countries should include a more detailed mitigation goal. The world can stay within the 2°C target by phasing out all emissions to net zero as early as possible in the second half of this century. The second long-term goal must be to simultaneously reduce communities’ vulnerability to climate change impacts and build resilience. Of course, it’s also important that these two goals are achieved through actions that are fair, equitable and just.\nAchieving the Goals\nCountries can achieve these goals through three continuous cycles of mitigation, adaptation and support. Countries must put forward ambitious commitments to reduce emissions (mitigation), build resilience to the inevitable impacts of a warmer world (adaptation), and richer countries must enable poorer countries to mitigate and adapt, such as by providing finance or technology (support). It’s important that these commitments are strengthened over time, so ACT 2015 recommends creating “cycles of improvement,” where countries strengthen their mitigation, adaptation and support initiatives every five years.\nTransparency of Countries’ Actions\nHaving a strong foundation of transparency and accountability will build trust between countries and increase the likelihood of cooperation and effective implementation of the agreement’s provisions. For example, the UNFCCC should create robust standards by 2020 for all countries to account for their emissions reductions, as well as a Mechanism for Facilitating and Promoting Implementation, which countries would be referred to if they don’t put forward their national commitments or fail to meet their stated commitments.\nThe ACT 2015 consortium has had the privilege to think in parallel to the official UNFCCC negotiations and listen to hundreds of people with different points of view from all over the world. Our analysis aims to provide both the inspiration and detailed building blocks needed to create a successful global climate agreement.\nSource: WRI. Reproduced with permission.\nCould Germany reach its 40% renewables target 6 years early, in 2019?\nBishop heads to Lima amid catastrophic warning for Barrier Reef","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1594242"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6499786972999573,"wiki_prob":0.6499786972999573,"text":"President Mrs. Bill Clinton?\nBy Petrarch | November 15, 2007\nFrom the Washington Post website:\nAre Republicans hammering Hillary because they're too afraid of attacking each other? Or is it...\nWait a minute. \"Hillary\"? Why \"Hillary\"? In 1980, did we have a race between Ronald and Jimmy? How about the 1992 battle between Bill and George? Going back further, how about the famous Abraham-Stephen pre-Civil-War debates?\nIt's long been the custom to refer to politicians at the national level by their last names. So we see headlines such as \"Iowa poll shows close race for Huckabee, Romney\" and know what they mean. Similarly, we hear about Obama, Kucinich, and Guiliani.\nSometimes a last name is a little too common, and may cause confusion. So we see less of \"Edwards\" and more of \"John Edwards\" or \"Sen. Edwards.\" As the race wears on, however, and with the lack of any particular other Edwardses in the news at the moment, just-plain-Edwards becomes feasible once again, so that's what we get.\nWhy not Clinton? After all, there is no other Clinton running for national office at the moment, and isn't likely to be one until Chelsea reaches the constitutionally required minimum age. Or are we anticipating the entry of Bill's brother Roger, famous pardon procurer, into the race?\nIn time past, headline writers would use politician's initials when the last name took up too much space - hence FDR instead of Roosevelt, and JFK in lieu of Kennedy. With modern computer typesetting, this is less of an issue, and so we haven't seen this in some years. In any case, something about the initials HRC seems to give off the wrong impression. Her Royal...\nGenerally the media bestows such abbreviations on pols for its own convenience. In this case, however, it's a conscious decision of the candidate. Her official web page prominently displays a \"Hillary for President\" logo. At the moment, this site has such offerings as \"Join Team Hillary\", \"Send Hillary to the Next Debate,\" \"Veterans Speak Out for Hillary\", \"Women for Hillary\", \"Hillary at the Iowa JJ Dinner\"... ad infinitum.\nIn fact, the only place where her last name appears is in teeny legal print at the very bottom of the page, with the legally required notice \"Paid for by Hillary Clinton for President.\" One almost expects her to appear in a campaign ad, \"I'm Hillary, and I approved this message.\"\nWhat possible reason could there be for this tactic?\nUnlike the name \"Clinton\", the name \"Hillary\" carries with it a clear display of her number one qualification for high office -- the absence of a Y chromosome.\nIn other countries, great female leaders found it perfectly possible to run on their own names and their own accomplishments; we did not see Maggie in England, nor do we see Angela in Germany, both of whom were equally ground-breaking in bringing their gender to power in their respective countries. But in both cases, these were leaders who just happened to be ladies; their credentials rested not on their sex, but on what they had accomplished.\nHillary, however, has accomplished nothing. She's generally credited for the fiasco of Hillarycare in the first Clinton administration. She was famously in command of the Clinton political war room, which has brought us the never-ending campaign of the \"politics of personal destruction.\" She was also in charge of handling Bill's \"bimbo eruptions\" by any means necessary -- potentially a high qualification for becoming director of the CIA or FBI.\nHer only elected position has been as Senator for New York. This is a respectable post, and one which certainly legitimizes a presidential run as we see from Senators Thompson, McCain, Obama, Edwards, and so on. Why, then, does she not refer to herself as Sen. Clinton? She is the only Sen. Clinton we have had in a long while, so no possible confusion there.\nThe trouble with positioning herself as a Senator is that her tenure in Congress produced no new or upgraded legislation whatsoever. On her own campaign web page, her accomplishments are listed. \"A powerful advocate... Strong advocacy for... introduced legislation... supported efforts to...\" Yes, but what has she done?\nIs there any legislation that bears her name? Do we talk of the Clinton-McCain campaign finance law? Or Sarbanes-Clinton accountancy reform? And, interestingly, one might regard a career of advocacy as being the fodder for a legislative run, not an executive one.\nA president, like a governor, is not expected to be something. A president is expected to do something - to both know what to do, and how to do it. Leaders can fail in both departments. At the moment, Hillary is having a bit of a struggle with the first: she cannot seem to come up with a position on the matter of granting drivers' licenses to illegal immigrants, a matter of great pressing concern to the American people and an issue on which one might reasonably expect a president to at least know their own mind.\nBut the best Hillary can come up with is to call upon other women - more than half the electorate, we note - to join her in cleaning up Washington: \"Bring your vacuum cleaners, bring your brushes, bring your brooms, bring your mops\" quoth she, despite being about as personally familiar with a mop as Mike Dukakis was with a tank.\nThere's nothing wrong with having a president who is a woman - we should be so lucky as to have President Margaret Thatcher (said to be the only man in her cabinet). It's a completely different matter to vote for someone as president simply because she's a woman.\nPower to the (Legal) People\n'The John & Hillary Show'\nLincoln-Douglas debates of 1858\nIowa poll shows close race for Huckabee, Romney\nRoger Clinton, Jr\nNew Questions About Roger Clinton's Slippery Schemes\nHill ready to clean house\nMichael Dukakis, 1988\nPeter K said:\nA good point. She is also trying to separate herself form the other Clinton in her family. Why then doesn't she run as Hillary Rodham? ... 'Rhodham For President'! - 'Who?'\nHa! \"Rhodham For President\" would sound too much like \"Rotten for President\". Oh, the parodies...\nPaul said:\nI do not agree that Mrs. Bill Clinton goes by \"Hillary\" to be \"the obvious woman candidate\". I think it really is just a geniune way for her to disambiguate herself from her husband.\nThe press corp loved Bill Clinton; they still do. CNN ran so much stuff by the Clintons in the mid-90s that the acronym became known as the Clinton News Network. Add to that the fact that she started her own political campaigns while he was still in office.\nThe usual Dick Morris line on the Clintons is that it was always \"first him, then her\" in politics. It was always expected that she would be as big a force as he was; possibly more.\nModern politicians do not burp or sneeze without running a poll on where it will land. I'm guessing that several White House staffers did some research in the early 90s and noticed that Hillary would have to be \"Hillary\" early on to make her own way. And there's nothing really wrong with that.\nAs you accurately pointed out, there are plenty of women politicians who did not run on their first name. Some modern politicians have started deciding to that, but it's only a reflection of marketing a younger, fresher image to the electorate. There are men doing it too.\nOf course, it helps to have a unique name. If you're Senator Edwards, going by \"John\" doesn't get you a whole lot.\nRemember, Condi is rarely called \"Mz. Rice\" by the press, and she certainly isn't a member of the feminazis.\nYour other points on Hillary's lack of experience are good. The Washington Post ran a surprisingly-good story on this last Sunday. There is no credible reason anyone should vote for Hillary.\nGolda Meir of Israel had several high ranking positions (including Foreign Ministry like our own Condi Rice) before she became Prime Minister. David Ben-Gurion said \"she was the only man in the cabinet\" (a phrase often attributed to Margaret Thatcher). She helped start the nation of Israel -- not an easy task then or now.\nMrs. Bill Clinton biggest accomplishments are nothing more than basket of generic, self-described \"advocacies\".","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line132315"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8805696964263916,"wiki_prob":0.8805696964263916,"text":"General Robert E Lee Monument Removed in Richmond\nBy Maria-Paula\nThe 21-foot tall bronze statue, of General Robert E Lee, in Virginia’s capital, was on Wednesday morning brought down. Built-in 1890, the Confederate monument that stood as a viewpoint on Monument Avenue in Richmond was one of the US remaining largest such sculptures after four others were removed by the city last summer.\nThe area surrounding the statue became “ground zero” during the nationwide protests on racial inequality and social injustice after the brutal murder of African Americans, among them George Floyd by a white police officer in Minneapolis last summer.\nThis series on the fall of Confederate monuments were prompted by a white supremacists rally in 2017 that broke out into chaos in Charlottesville. Though at the time, Virginias governments were immobilized by a state law protecting memorials to war veterans, the law was later passed and signed by Northam. As of July, 1,2020, the districts had the power to decide on their monuments’ fate.\nGovernor Ralph Northam( D) who was present during the demolition called the a new dawn and era in Virginia. He had previously ordered the statue’s removal but litigation blocked his orders until the Supreme Court gave authority last week. Northam said any such remnant that glorified the lost purpose of the civil war needed to come down.\nNortham has prompted the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts to steer a redesign for the entire Monument Avenue. This is seen as part of his promise to dedicate his remaining term to addressing Virginia’s racial injustices following a scandal that erupted against his person in 2019 of a racist photo in his medical school yearbook. With this, Northam is seen to have found himself in the right books yet again.\nLarge crowds broke out in ju process bilation to the victory for civil rights activists and people of colour alike, who have for year’s call for the removal of the civil war figures statues erected by white supremacists.\nThe work led by Devon Henry, an African American Executive of the Team Henry Enterprises progressed under heavy police presence as surrounding streets were closed. Henry said the Lee statue presented their most difficult challenge.\nThree, two, one!” shouted a Team Henry worker who charged an excited crowd that chanted, “ Whose streets? Our streets! Hey, hey, hey, goodbye,” as excited constructors prepared when withdrawing the statue to a state-owned facility until when the state will decide what to do with it.\nThose against the statue’s removal pointed out that Virginia’s rich history would be watered down by losing its closeness to the civil war and its artistic value.\nOn the other hand, the Black History at Home program argued that the construction of the Lee statue was attached to a perspective that African Americans were not equal members of society. They went ahead to invite residents to think about what a new statue on Monument Avenue could look like.\nWorkers to removing the statue of Confederate General Robert E. Lee on Monument Avenue in Richmond, Va.\nVa. Supreme Court clears way for removal of Lee monument in Richmond\nExhibit of Emmett Till marker puts 21st century racism on display","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line689050"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6678565740585327,"wiki_prob":0.3321434259414673,"text":"Lakehead 2021-2022 Programs & Faculties Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences Graduate Programs Health Sciences Graduate Programs University Regulations\nHealth Sciences Graduate Programs\nII Registration\n(a) A student proceeding to a degree or diploma must register by the dates established unless permission is granted by the Dean of the Faculty to delay registration.\n(b) With the approval of the chair/director of the department/school concerned and the Dean of the Faculty, a student may, within two weeks of the beginning of classes, change registration from one program to another.\n(c) all students must consult with academic advisors prior to registration to discuss and have their courses of studies approved.\n(d) With the approval of the chair/director of the department/school concerned and the Dean of the Faculty, a change in registration in a course is permitted in accordance with the dates published in the academic schedule.\n(e) With the approval of the chair/director of the department/school concerned and the Dean of the Faculty, a student may withdraw voluntarily, with good standing, within the deadline dates as published in the Academic Schedule under the Final Date for Course Withdrawal.\n(f) A student on campus must have successfully completed all courses of the first year before registering for any course in the third year and all courses of the second year before registering in the fourth year.\n(g) A student who wishes to carry more than the normal number of courses prescribed for a year or for a single term may do so only with the permission of the Chair or Director of the student's program of study and permission of the Dean of the Faculty, and only if at least a B overall average in the previous academic year has been attained.\n(h) A student who has maintained at least a \"B\" average in the last five (5) courses, may take three (3) courses in the combined Spring and Summer Terms. This constitutes the equivalent of a full-time program.\nNo more than two courses may be taken during the Spring Term.\nNo more than two courses may be taken during the Summer Term, combining day and evening classes.\nIII Programs of Study\n(a) A student's program must be approved by the chair/director of the department/school and shall be drawn from the courses listed in the calendar for the program in which he/she registers.\n(b) Under special circumstances, timetable permitting, exemptions or substitutions may be granted. Applications must be made to the chair/director of the department/school concerned.\nVI Reappraisal and Academic Appeals\nSee the Senate Policy Regarding Reappraisal and Academic Appeals published on the Lakehead University website:\nhttps://www.lakeheadu.ca/about/policies-procedures/policies\nXI Computer Users\nStudents are responsible for acquainting themselves with the regulations respecting use of University computers. The regulations set forth the rights and obligations of computer users with respect to access, confidentiality and nature of use. A copy of the \"Code of Computer Conduct\" may be obtained from the Director of Communications Technology Resource Centre.\nVII Special Examinations\n(a) The privilege of writing special examinations is limited to any undergraduate student who has:\n(i) Failed the course but attained a grade of at least 40% in each course for which a special examination is requested OR\n(ii) Passed the course but failed to attain the minimum grade required in the course or\n(iii) Passed the course but failed to attain the required cumulative average to carry on with his/her program.\nFor further details concerning special examinations see academic regulations for individual faculties (or schools) in Business Administration; Education; Engineering; Natural Resources Management; Health and Behavioural Sciences (Gerontology, Kinesiology, Nursing, and Social Work); Science and Environmental Studies; and Social Sciences and Humanities (Outdoor Recreation, Parks and Tourism).\n(b) Any student who has failed to complete laboratory work, or Practice Teaching, is ineligible for special examinations.\n(c) A student eligible to write special examinations may write a maximum of two full course equivalents while registered in any one program. (e.g For diploma program, HBScF degree program, HB Comm/B Admin degree program, etc. Note: Double degree programs such as BA/BEd, BSc/BEd, BA/HBOR, BSc/HBOR, etc. are considered as one program as are the BA or HBA and BSc or HBSc degree programs. Students who change programs from BA to HBA, HBA to BA, BSc to HBSc or HBSc to BSc, etc. are limited to a maximum of two full course equivalents special examinations).\n(d) Normally only one special examination may be written in each course, but in exceptional circumstances permission may be given to write a special examination in a course for the second time. Applications should be sent to the Registrar and will be referred to the appropriate Dean and Department/School for consideration.\n(e) A student who finds it impossible to write special examinations at Lakehead University may make arrangements, subject to the approval of the Registrar, to write at another centre. Such arrangements should be made before the deadline date as published in the Academic Schedule of Dates in the Special Examinations section under the Final Date to Apply for Special Exams.\n(f) Deadline Dates:\n(i) Special examinations for full year courses or for winter term courses shall be written in June.\nSpecial examinations for fall term courses shall be written in January.\nSpecial examinations for courses taken during either the spring or summer term shall be written in August.\nDates for special examinations are published in the Academic Schedule of Dates.\n(ii) Applications to write special examinations must be filed at the Office of the Registrar by the deadline dates as published in the Academic Schedule of Dates. These applications must be accompanied by the prescribed fee, which is not refundable.\n(g) In the calculation of the revised final grade, the grade obtained on a special examination is treated in exactly the same manner as the grade of the original final examination.\n(h) The final letter grade and the revised letter grade will appear on the student's record. The revised final grade shall be counted in any subsequent assessment of standing. Taking a special examination shall not count as an attempt for purposes of Regulation V (h) Repeating Courses. Engineering Degree students please note that any passing Special Examination mark shall carry the letter grade of \"D\" for application to Faculty of Engineering Academic Regulation #6.\nV Standing\n(a) The relative weight of term work, laboratory work, term tests, and final examinations, as well as eligibility rules for incomplete standing, shall be determined by the instructor and the department concerned. This information must be given to the students by the instructor at the beginning of the course. For courses that include a peer evaluation component, the maximum weight of the peer evaluation component will not exceed 15% of the final grade unless otherwise approved by the head of the academic unit and the Dean.\n(b) \"D\" is the minimum passing grade in all courses, but a higher standard is required in certain areas of concentration. Details of these requirements are clearly stated under the appropriate faculties, departments and schools.\n(c) Letter grades signify the following standings:\nA+ 90 to 100%\nA 1st class standing 80 to 89%\nB 70 to 79%\nC 60 to 69%\nD 50 to 59%\nE Failed 40 to 49%\nF Failed 1 to 39%\nF Academic Dishonesty 0\nThe minimum grade that can be assigned for any reason other than academic dishonesty shall be 1%.\nIn the computation of a First Class Standing average, in addition to having attained a minimum overall average of A in the transfer credit courses, students who have completed credits at another institution must have completed a minimum of 2/3 of the courses used in the calculation of the First Class Standing average at Lakehead University.\n(d) Aegrotat Standing\nAegrotat Standing confers credit for a course based on an estimated final grade. Aegrotat Standing will be assigned by the instructor only under exceptional circumstances where he/she considers that credit should be given for the course and where there is no other opportunity for the student to complete the normal course requirements.\nIf the instructor chooses to make such a recommendation, it must be approved by the Chair/Director of the department/school concerned and the Dean of the Faculty. The recommendation with supporting documentation will be forwarded to the Registrar who will enter a designation \"AEG\" on the student's record.\nNo estimated mark may be used in determining the granting of awards.\n(e) Incomplete Standing ­ An incomplete grade may, at the discretion of the instructor and in consultation with the student, be assigned to a course when the instructor considers that for a valid reason the student has not yet completed all the requirements of the course. In such cases, when a percentage grade would normally be assigned to the course, the instructor must also assign a grade for work completed to that point, expressed as a portion of the entire course mark. Courses graded on a Pass/Fail basis will be assigned an INC. Incomplete grades will not be included in the calculation of the student's average.\n(f) The instructor is obliged to set the due date for the additional work in order to permit submission of the revised grade to the Registrar's Office by the dates listed below:\nUndergraduate Courses Graduate Courses\nFall term grades March 1st June 1st (or May 1st if student plans to convocate in Spring)\nWinter/Full year July 1st September 1st\nSpring September 1st N/A\nSummer November 1st January 1st (or October 1st if student plans to convocate in Fall)\nTo clear an incomplete grade the student must complete the outstanding work and a Change of Grade form from the instructor must be received in the Registrar's Office by the appropriate above date. Grades that are not cleared by the appropriate above date will be converted to the numeric grade assigned and at that point will be included in the student's average. Pass/Fail courses with an INC will be converted to F.\n(g) Failure, No Withdrawal (FNW) - A student who remains registered in a course but submits or performs no work required for grading will receive a final course grade of Failure, No Withdrawal (FNW). A grade of \"FNW\" will have no numerical value that could affect a student's average, but for academic regulation purposes the student will be deemed to have failed the course to which it is assigned.\n(h) Repeating Courses - A student is permitted to repeat a course only twice. All attempts will appear on the student's transcript. Only the last attempt will be included in the average, unless specified otherwise in the Faculty Regulations. Students do not have the option of choosing which attempt will be included.\nVIII Deficiency\n(a) An honours student who has not met the requirement of a B average in his/her major subject may be permitted, with the approval of the department or departments concerned, to proceed on probation into the succeeding year of his/her program or the next two academic terms of the program in the case of programs that do not follow the academic year format. Should he/she fail to obtain the required average a second time, he/she must transfer to another program. In the event that a student has completed the third or fourth year of an honours program, he/she may apply for a Bachelor's degree if the standing is sufficiently high.\n(b) A student having a deficiency of no more than one full course (or its equivalent) of his/her year's work after special examinations, will be permitted to register for the succeeding year of his/her program or the next two academic terms of the program in the case of programs that do not follow the academic format provided that an equivalent amount of the succeeding year's work is deferred.\n(c) All faculties limit the number of course failures within a year or a total program, and specify the circumstances in which a student may be readmitted to the faculty. For details concerning course failures and readmission see academic regulations for individual faculties (or schools) in Business Administration; Education; Engineering; Natural Resources Management; Health and Behavioural Sciences (Gerontology, Kinesiology, Nursing, and Social Work); Science and Environmental Studies; and Social Sciences and Humanities (Outdoor Recreation, Parks and Tourism).\n(d) A student is required to attend the courses of instruction and the examinations in all subjects prescribed. A student whose attendance at lectures and laboratories is deemed to be unsatisfactory by the Senate may have his registration in that course cancelled at any time.\n(e) The Senate may, at any time, ask any student whose work is unsatisfactory to withdraw from the University.\nXII Timely Feedback\nLakehead University recognizes that it is important to provide timely and constructive feedback on all academic work. For all courses, at least 25% (for one term courses) and 30% (for two term courses) of the final grade shall be provided to students prior to the last day to withdraw without academic penalty for the course.\nExceptions to the graded feedback include theses, dissertations, pass/fail courses, directed reading courses, seminar courses, independent research study courses, and performance courses, along with condensed (less than 12 weeks) courses including but not limited to spring and summer courses. All other exceptions must be approved by the Dean. Exceptions granted should be included on the course outline.\nIV Examinations\nThe Senate constitutes the examining body for all University examinations.\nStudents who do not comply with the examination regulations are subject to disciplinary action under the Student Code of Conduct - Non-Academic.\n(a) The organization of examinations scheduled during the published examination periods as per the Academic Calendar, including awareness of examination regulations for students, posting of the Examination Timetable online, and releasing of final grades is the responsibility of Enrolment Services – Academic Advising, Records & Registration (hereafter referred to as Enrolment Services).\n(b) Enrolment Services shall appoint a Chief Invigilator for examinations administered in the C.J. Sanders Fieldhouse examination room. The Chief Invigilator is responsible for the administration of the examinations and the enforcement of examination regulations. The course instructor (or designate) will also be present. For examinations held outside of the C.J. Sanders Fieldhouse, the course instructor (or his/her designate) will serve as the Invigilator for that particular examination.\n(c) For each published examination period, an Examination Timetable will be posted online. It will be posted by mid-October for December examinations, and by early February for April examinations. Any changes in the Timetable that become necessary after the Timetable has been posted will be modified online.\n(d) Students are responsible to verify the day, time and location of their scheduled examination. Students are required to attend all examinations that are prescribed in any courses in which they are registered.\n(e) Students shall not be required to write three examinations on one day.\nStudents Registered with Student Accessibility Services\nStudents registered with Student Accessibility Services who require examination accommodations may be required to write their examination outside of the regular Examination Timetable in order to meet their accommodation needs. Students will be notified through their Lakehead email account of their examination date and time.\nStudents Requesting Creed and Religious Accommodations\nA student who is unable to write a final examination for Creed-based or Religious holidays, leaves, and ritual observations must submit a Creed and Religious Accommodation Agreement (Final Exams) to Enrolment Services no later than three (3) weeks prior to the first day of the start of the final examination period for that term. Enrolment Services, in conjunction with the instructor, will schedule an alternative exam date within the examination period for that term.\n(f) Most Lakehead University examinations are three (3) hours in length but this may vary. The Examination Timetable will notate the time length of the examination.\nExam Procedures for Students:\n(g) Students will be admitted to the examination room no more than 10 minutes before the examination is scheduled to commence. Students are not permitted to begin the examination, or attempt to review the examination in any way, until instructed to do so by the Invigilator.\n(h) Bags, purses, cases and any other belongings must be inaccessible to students during the exam. The Invigilator will assign a designated area where these items can be placed. The University is not responsible for personal property brought into or left in the examination room. Students are advised not to bring these items with them to the examination.\n(i) Coats and hats cannot be worn during the examination. These items must be placed in the designated area. Traditional/religious dress wear is acceptable.\n(j) No student may enter the examination after the first hour of the allowed examination time. When entering the examination location after the official start time of the examination, the student must notify the Invigilator or Instructor/Designate.\n(k) Students shall start writing and cease writing their examination as instructed by the Invigilator.\n(l) Students must present, and place, their Lakehead University Student I.D. card on the desk and sign the attendance sheet when presented to them. Students without their Lakehead University Student I.D. will not be permitted to write the examination and will be asked to leave the examination room until the Lakehead University Student I.D. is presented. Students will only be permitted back into the examination room, with their Lakehead University Student I.D., within the first hour of the allowed examination time.\n(m) Students are responsible for bringing all supplies required to complete the examination.\n(n) Any form of communication with other students during the examination, such as speaking, waving, hand gestures, and so on, is not permitted.\no) Unless specifically stated on the examination paper, or previously approved by the Instructor or Invigilator concerned, books, notes, headphones, calculators, or any other electronic listening and/or viewing devices (including but not limited to cell phones, tablets, watches or any other device with data capabilities, and similar), must be left in the designated area. These items are not permitted at the examination location.\n(p) Food and drink are not permitted into the examination room. Only water in clear, unlabelled bottles will be permitted.\n(q) Students must remain seated during the examination. If an extra booklet, question, or request to use the washroom arises, students must raise their hand to seek the attention of the Instructor/Designate or Invigilator. The only time a student is permitted to leave his/her seat and/or examination room is when he/she is finished the examination. Students must request to use the washroom during the examination. Only upon approval by the Instructor/Designate or Invigilator, may the student use the washroom facilities.\n(r) No student may leave the examination before the end of the first hour of the allowed examination time, even if finished the examination. Before leaving the room the student must immediately, hand in his/her examination to the Instructor/Designate before collecting his/her belongings. Students who are still writing their examination within the last 15 minutes prior to the end of the examination are not permitted to leave the examination room. At the end of the examination, students must remain seated until the exam materials have been collected by the Instructor/Designate and permission by the Invigilator to leave the examination room has been granted.\n(s) At the conclusion of an examination, students shall leave with the least distraction to the students still working. Students will not congregate outside the examination room.\n(t) Students are responsible for ensuring that the examination paper, along with all papers/booklets and any unused booklets, are submitted to the Instructor/Designate by the end of the examination period.\nExamination Cancellation Contingency Plan\nThe President, or delegate, will decide, in consultation with the Associate Vice-Provost Enrolment & Registrar, or delegate, whether to proceed with or to postpone examinations should extreme weather conditions or any other general emergency which occurs when scheduled examinations are in session.\nIf the decision is made to postpone examinations, the postponement will apply to all examinations scheduled for a particular day, or part, thereof.\nIn anticipation of the need of such action, each Examination Timetable will list a contingency date on which any, or all, postponed examinations would be written at the same hour and location as originally scheduled. The date chosen will be the earliest possible date, other than a statutory holiday, following the last day of regularly scheduled examinations.\nShould an examination be rescheduled, students are expected to attend on the rescheduled date. This date must be treated like other examination dates and be kept free of personal conflicts such as travel arrangements, work commitments, and so on.\nMissed Examinations Due to Illness or Other Extenuating Circumstances\nOccasionally, students encounter circumstances beyond their control where they may not be able to write a final examination for reasons such as serious illness or death of an immediate family member.\nIn cases where a student misses a formal examination due to an incapacitating illness, the student must have the Certificate of Illness or Incapacitation completed by a Medical Professional and submit the completed form to Enrolment Services no later than three (3) working days after the date of the original final examination. The Certificate of Illness or Incapacitation must be dated as seen by the Medical Professional no later than one (1) working day after the examination.\nIn other exceptional circumstances, official supporting documentation must be provided (e.g. copy of a death certificate or letter from the funeral home).\nAccommodation shall be granted only when the documentation indicates that the onset, duration and severity of the illness or other circumstances are such that the student could not have reasonably been expected to complete the examination on the scheduled date.\nUpon receipt of the Certificate of Illness or Incapacitation or other supporting documentation, Enrolment Services will notify the Instructor who will arrange for the student to write the missed examination. The final grade will be submitted to Enrolment Services as soon as possible after the rescheduled examination has been written.\nStudents will not be given another opportunity to write the examination if it is missed a second time. In some cases, when extraordinary circumstances beyond a student’s control prevent him/her from completing the rescheduled examination, a student may be eligible to petition Enrolment Services to explain the circumstances.\nCertificates from Student Health & Counselling (Thunder Bay campus) will be accepted within three (3) working days after the examination.\nI General Regulations\n(a) Any changes in regulations become effective as approved by the Senate except as indicated in General Regulation 1(c) and (d) below and in the related Graduate Studies regulation of this Calendar. Enquiries regarding regulations should be directed to the Registrar of the University.\n(b) Every student in the University is bound by the general regulations listed here and any additional requirements approved by Senate. Students with concerns about final course marks and other academic decisions are to follow the steps outlined in the Academic Appeals Policy. The Senate Academic Appeal Committee acts as the final appeal for students in all cases concerning academic grievances, except those pursued under the auspices of the Student Code of Conduct - Non-Academic.\n(c) An undergraduate student proceeding to a degree, diploma, or certificate is governed by the academic regulations and program requirements of the Faculty, School, and Department offering the program which are in effect at the time of the student's initial registration in that program, except when a course ceases to be offered and has to be replaced by an alternative or alternatives, or the Faculty decided that some or all students in the program must adhere to subsequent, Senate-approved program changes, or the Faculty decides to order or permit a substitution or substitutions for a required course. The Dean of the Faculty offering the program will immediately inform the Registrar of such exceptions. These exceptions will be allowed only on grounds of benefit to students or of necessity.\n(d)Dean's and President's Lists\nA Dean's List\nTo be eligible to be on a Deans' List, students must:\n(i) be pursuing an undergraduate degree;\n(ii) have achieved a term average of 80-89% based on courses taken in the Fall/Winter term as a full-time student;\n(iii) meet the approval of the Dean\nTo be eligible to be on the President's List, students must:\n(ii) have achieved a 90% or higher term average based on courses taken in the Fall/Winter term as a full-time student;\n(iii) meet the approval of the Dean and President\nStudents pursuing their undergraduate degrees on a part-time basis will be considered for the Deans' List and President's List at the end of the Fall/Winter term in which they will proceed to the next year level. Students should refer to the \"Year Level Increments\" outlined for their program.\n(e) An undergraduate student will progress from one year level to the next based on the number of successfully completed courses. See Faculty Regulations for specific breakdowns.\n(f) An undergraduate student not registered for two or more consecutive years must re-apply to enter a program of study and will be governed by the academic regulations and program requirements in effect at the time of readmission with the provisions of University Regulation 1(c) above applying mutatis mutandis. Exceptions to this regulation are for undergraduate students registered in the Faculties of Business Administration, Education, Engineering, Natural Resources Management, and the Schools of Nursing and Social Work, where students are required to re-apply after one year of non-registration and will be governed by the academic regulations and program requirements in effect at the time of readmission.\n(g)(i) Letter of Permission - A student may be permitted to take course(s) at an accredited university for credit towards a Lakehead University degree/diploma only if pre-authorized and approved to do so through a Letter of Permission. Students must apply for a Letter of Permission through Enrolment Services before applying for admission to the host university.\nA Letter of Permission may be granted if the student is in good academic standing (eligible to continue) according to the regulations of the Faculty/Program in which the student is enroled alongside the University Regulations at the time of the Letter of Permission request.\nA Letter of Permission, if granted, will not exceed more than 5 full course equivalents for undergraduate students, 1 full course equivalent for Master's students or 0.5 full course equivalent for Doctoral or Graduate Diploma students. For students with advanced standing credit, the number of course equivalents approved may be lower.\nStudents in their final year of study must also have approval by the Chair/Director of their program and the Faculty Dean.\nUpon approval of a Letter of Permission, students must complete the course(s) during the term(s) specified in the Letter of Permission. Changes will require a revised Letter of Permission from Enrolment Services. Upon completion of the course(s), students are required to send an official transcript from the host institution directly to Lakehead University-Enrolment Services. If course(s) are taken in a student's graduating year, the transcript is to be received by May 1st for spring graduation and by October 1st for fall graduation.\nTransfer credit will be granted for course(s) successfully completed with an equivalent grade of 60% or above for undergraduate courses and 70% or above for graduate courses unless otherwise specified in the Letter of Permission. A student's record will annotated with \"TCR\" (Transfer Credit) for the equivalent Lakehead University course. Grades received external to Lakehead University will not be included in average calculations.\nExternal course failures will be annotated with \"TCF\" (Transfer Credit Failure) for the equivalent Lakehead University course. Failure to provide an official transcript or documentation of withdrawal within one month of the Letter of Permission term end date will result in a grade of \"TCF\" for the equivalent Lakehead University course and will count as a course attempt.\n(ii) Letter of Permission ­ International Exchange - Students interested in taking courses abroad should contact Lakehead University International for information on Exchange opportunities and the application process. Students who have been approved will be provided with a Letter of a Permission International Exchange listing approved courses. A student may be permitted to take course(s) at an accredited university for credit towards a Lakehead University degree/diploma only if pre-authorized and approved to do so.\nA letter of permission International Exchange may be granted if:\n-the course is not a duplication of any other course/course material already completed at Lakehead\n- the student is in good academic standing (eligible to continue) according to the regulations of the Faculty/Program in which the student is enrolled alongside the University Regulations at the time of the Letter of Permission International Exchange request;\nA Letter of Permission International Exchange, if granted, will not exceed more than 5 full course equivalents for undergraduate students, 1 full course equivalent for Master's students or 0.5 full course equivalent for Doctoral or Graduate Diploma students. For students with advanced standing credit, the number of course equivalents approved may be lower. Students in their final year of study must also have approval by the Chair/Director of their program and the Faculty Dean. Upon approval of a Letter of Permission International Exchange, students must complete the course(s) during the term(s) specified in the Letter of Permission International Exchange. Changes will require a revised Letter of Permission International Exchange from Enrolment Services. Upon completion of the course(s), Lakehead International will request that an official transcript from the host institution be sent to Lakehead University- Enrolment Services. If course(s) are taken in a student's graduating year, the transcript is to be received by May 1st for spring graduation and by October 1st for fall graduation. Transfer credit will be granted for course(s) successfully completed with an equivalent grade of 60% or above for undergraduate courses and 70% or above for graduate courses unless otherwise specified in the Letter of Permission International Exchange. A student's record will be annotated with \"TCR\" (Transfer Credit) for the equivalent Lakehead University course. Grades received external to Lakehead University will not be included in average calculations. External course failures will be annotated with \"TCF\" (Transfer Credit Failure) for the equivalent Lakehead University course. Failure to provide an official transcript or documentation of withdrawal within one month of the Letter of Permission International Exchange term end date will result in a grade of \"TCF\" for the equivalent Lakehead University course and will count as a course attempt.\n(h) A student who wishes to graduate in the current academic year must complete an application form and pay the prescribed fee at the time of registration. A student who does not complete an application form for a degree or diploma shall not be included in the graduation list. The deadlines for such applications are noted in the Graduation dates of the Academic Schedule.\n(i) (i) A Lakehead University student, who may wish to qualify for a second Bachelor's Degree in a Faculty other than that in which he/she graduated, must do the equivalent of at least one additional full academic year's work and satisfy all the requirements of the second degree.\n(ii) A Lakehead University student concurrently pursuing a double degree program (e.g., BScN/BA) must consult with the appropriate Deans, for program counselling, at least one full academic year prior to expected graduation.\n(j) Formal mid-year examinations will be given in all first year courses except with the written permission of the Dean.\n(k) A student may not count among his/her electives more than two full course equivalents at the first year level beyond those stipulated in the normal first year requirements.\n(l) A student may not take a first year course in the final year of the program or the final two academic terms of the program in the case of programs that do not follow the academic year format, except with the written approval of the Dean of the Faculty.\n(m) An honours program which satisfies the requirements for an honours degree in one discipline and also satisfies the major requirements of a second discipline will be called an Honours degree in the first discipline with a Major Concentration in the second discipline. (see Admissions, Program Patterns)\n(n) Courses that are cross-calendared can only be counted towards one of the respective majors or one minor.\nIX Academic Misconduct\nRefer to the Senate policy regarding Student Code of Conduct - Academic Integrity here.\nX Withdrawal\n(a) Withdrawal from a Course without Academic Penalty\nStudents may withdraw from a course with no academic penalty up to the Final Date to Withdaw (Drop) deadline. A course dropped by the deadline will not show on the student’s academic record. Withdrawing from a course may have financial penalties.\nStudents are required to withdraw from a course using myInfo. Discontinuing attendance, notifying an instructor, or other means do not constitute official withdrawal from a course.\nWithdrawals will not be permitted after the withdrawal deadline date. Students will receive a mark based on the work completed and the mark will count towards the student’s average except in the circumstances in Regulation V (g) Failure, No Withdrawal.\n(b) Late Withdrawal:\nStudents who do not drop the course by the Final date to Withdraw (Drop) deadline may have the option to Late Withdrawal from a course. A Late Withdrawal will remain on the student’s transcript showing as “W” (withdrawn). No credit will be retained and they will not be included in the student’s average or considered an attempt. A Late Withdrawal will be allowed only once in a course.\nRemoval of the W notation is not permitted and no refund of tuition fees shall be provided for courses dropped through the late withdrawal option. Students are stronly encouraged to seek academic advice from their Program Chair/Faculty Advisor prior to initiating the Late Withdrawal process.\nStudents in the Faculty of Law must follow the process set out in the Faculty Regulations.\nPlease seek advice from Student Central as well as your Faculty Advisor to learn mpre about these options, impacts on your progression into the next year, as well as future goals you may have related to employment, graduate studies, transferring to another institution, professional accreditations.\n1. Self-Late Withdrawal: Students may Self-Late Withdrawal for up to a total of 3 FCE over the course of their studies at Lakehead up to the final day of the class.\nThe Self-Late withdrawal option does not apply for the following: Graduate level courses, students in a Master’s or PhD program taking an undergraduate course, practica/internships/co-op or other experiential learning placements, exchange or courses taken at another institution, or students undergoing an academic misconduct investigation.\n2. Petition for Late Withdrawal: Once a student has 3 FCE Late Withdrawals or should a student wish to be considered for withdrawal after the last day of classes, a Petition will need to be submitted for consideration to Enrolment Services. A Petition for Late Withdrawal is not automatic. Petitions must be submitted, along with supporting documentation demonstrating exceptional circumstances to support the request, within two months of the release of the final grades.\nThe Petition for Late withdrawal option does not apply for the following: students that have graduated from the university, exchange or courses taken at another institution, students undergoing an academic misconduct investigation or students requiring a retroactive accommodation.\n(c) Withdrawal from the University:\nUndergraduate Students:\nAn undergraduate who wish to withdraw voluntarily from the University after they have registered for their courses must withdraw from their courses as per the X Withdrawal Regulations (a) and (b).\nAn undergraduate student not registered for two or more consecutive years must re-apply to enter a program of study and will be governed by the academic regulations and program requirements in effect at the time of readmission with the provisions of I General Regulations 1 (c).\nExceptions to this regulation are for undergraduate students registered in the Faculties of Business Administration, Education, Engineering, Natural Resources Management, and the Schools of Nursing and Social Work, where students are required to re-apply after one year of non-registration and will be governed by the academic regulations and program requirements in effect at the time of readmission. Students in the Faculty of Law must refer to the Faculty Regulations.\nGraduate Students:\nGraduate students who wish to withdraw voluntarily from the University are to refer to the Faculty of Graduate Studies Regulations.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1104192"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6398800611495972,"wiki_prob":0.6398800611495972,"text":"in Analysis Criminal Justice System Opinion Rule of Law\nIs bail a right or a privilege?\nbyAjay Kumar\nin Analysis, Criminal Justice System, Opinion, Rule of Law\nIf there is no clarity as to the law on bail, the fundamental rights turn meaningless in their application as far as personal liberty is concerned, writes AJAY KUMAR.\nLEGAL certainty is a legal philosophical concept wherein in order for a society to claim to have the rule of law, those subject to the law must be able to go about their affairs with an element of certainty as to the legal position. This certainty proves to be a bedrock against arbitrary conduct, as the conduct of the State in response to a situation of fact is already pre-determined by the law, and therefore those subject to the law may be able to make certain predictions as to legal outcomes while going about their affairs.\nThe purposiveness of the law is reflected in this means wherein the law fulfils its purpose when a particular law is applied to a certain set of facts resulting in a specific outcome. This ties into the broader ideas of justice. These principles were outlined by German legal scholar Gustav Radbruch whose contentious Radbruch Formula I will draw from in order to analyse what I think has been a general and fundamental breakdown in the rule of law in relation to India.\nMerger of minds of judges in India\nLegal certainty is internationally recognised as a fundamental principle on the basis of which the rule of law is built. In a traditional common law system, there are two minds that are at play when faced with a legal proposition: the assessors of fact (the jury) and the assessor of law (the judge), and it is the judge who determines which law applies. This law is then put to the jury, who have to determine if the factual elements that merit the application of this law are met, thereby returning a verdict both in civil and criminal cases.\nIn India, however, the system of jury trials for civil and criminal matters no longer exists except for certain specialised areas of law such as Parsi divorces. In India, the minds are merged into one mind, that is, the judge, who sits in judgment as both the assessor of fact as well as the assessor of law. This hybrid mind, however, is not someone who deals with cases in an inquisitorial manner but is the key player in a system of adversarial due process.\nSuch a merger of minds, without a shift from adversarial due process to an inquisitorial one, will often result in outcomes that become chaotic.\nLet us deal with a simple example of excluded evidence. While the law does provide for strict rules on evidence, it is the same mind that decides what evidence ought to be excluded after hearing that evidence.\nIt will not be a stretch to say that it is quite plausible that a judge, while dealing with a case, would find it hard to sequester the excluded evidence mentally while applying their mind to determine if the evidence meets the threshold required for a particular verdict. The unclouded mind is something that the system aims for, but is something that it can seldom deliver. This results in judges having to make factual determinations at every stage in the process, including stages where factual determinations need not be made.\nIn this piece, I take the example of the law of bail. The law of bail has been in the limelight recently with certain high-profile cases emerging, bringing into sharp relief the question of whether the accused was or is entitled to bail pending trial.\nAlso read: Understanding why Aryan Khan got bail in the drugs-on-cruise case\nHow this hybrid mind distorts bail hearings\nThe concept of bail emerges as a corollary to the principle of the presumption of innocence, a principle that exists due to the logical inability to prove a negative. Unless there is a presumption to the contrary, an accused cannot be called upon to prove their own innocence. Only the prosecution may establish the guilt, and the question of guilt and innocence is left to determination at trial.\nUnder this orderly framework, the principles for the grant of bail must be limited to seeing what steps are necessary to ensure that the accused is present during trial and is unable to affect the prosecution’s evidence. In some senses, bail is analogous to the power of a civil court to take steps to preserve the subject matter of the dispute pending trial. But unlike interim reliefs in civil cases, bail is a fundamental right of every accused.\nThe criminal court is required to take steps to ensure that the accused is present during trial while retaining the right of the accused to be presumed to be innocent. Where the law presumes innocence, the criteria of bail, irrespective of the offence, must be limited to (a) whether the accused is a flight risk?, (b) whether the accused will be able to tamper with the prosecution’s evidence/investigation, and (c) whether the accused is in a position to provide sufficient surety/security to satisfy the criminal court that they will attend to the court at trial.\nInstead, however, in India, bail now turns into a pre-trial factual determination where the prosecution often makes out a prima facie case. Judges, while passing such orders, make the caveat that their observations will not affect the determination at trial; however, this begs the question: why do judges need to make this determination in the first place?\nThis may perhaps be because the judge who is granting bail is often the same trial judge who will hear the evidence. The merger of minds results in a situation where the pre-trial evidence is not just taken cognisance of, but becomes an integral part of determining the outcome of bail. In such a scenario, can an accused truly think of bail as being a right rather than a privilege?\nIf bail is a right, an accused, innocent or otherwise should be able to expect bail as a matter of course if they are able to satisfy the court that the accused will be present at trial. There is no need to go into the prosecution’s evidence. However, even the Supreme Court, in its recent judgement on the guidelines for bail, has recognised that bail terms change for a category of heinous offences.\nThis, unfortunately, has resulted in the gravity of the allegation and the materials on record being a key element to the grant of bail. Under such a scenario, you may have a trial judge who makes one determination at the bail stage and a completely different determination at the trial stage. This is the same with the superior courts, who will hear applications for bail and do the same exercise, and then re-appreciate the evidence in an appeal.\nThe dictum that bail is the rule and jail is the exception doesn’t hold when evidence is considered for the purposes of bail. However, Indian law entrenches this as a part of its jurisprudence despite the existence of a Part III in her constitution that is the envy of the world.\nThis unfortunately results in the law of bail turning into a highly uncertain branch of law. Rather than consistent bail jurisprudence, the law ends up in a position where the law of bail is determined on a case-to-case basis due to the requirement that there be an appreciation of evidence at the bail stage itself. It leads to unsound outcomes like bail being granted in a habeas corpus case against a judicial order.\nIt also leads to unreasonable conditions being placed on the accused at times due to the prima facie factual determination made. For example, in some narcotics cases, the person accused of unlawful consumption may be required to undergo drug rehabilitation as a condition of bail, which effectively amounts to an admission as to the offence. The right to remain silent also takes a hit as the ‘cooperation’ of the accused with the investigation is also now a factor to determine bail.\nAlso read: How special statutes to imprison citizens lead to inconsistent judicial orders\nThe threat of uncertainty to rule of law\nBail is one glaring example of the lack of certainty available in the Indian legal system today, but I speak of bail because if there is no clarity as to the law of bail, the fundamental rights turn meaningless in their application as far as personal liberty is concerned. Certainty is the prime safeguard against arbitrary action, and it is the role of courts to reduce arbitrariness. If the law itself is applied in an arbitrary manner, it is safe to say that the rule of law has broken down in India.\nIf the rule of law has broken down in India, the legitimacy of the State to exercise the police power also breaks down, and India moves on the path of effective State failure.\nThe course of history needs to be arrested post haste to ensure that constitutional principles, which emerge from the rule of law, continue to survive.\n(Ajay Kumar is an advocate practicing before the High Court at Bombay. The views expressed are personal.)\nTags: bailbail lawcriminal justice systemcriminal lawFundamental Rightsrule of lawSlider Post\nbyPrabhat Patnaik\nThe Leaflet Investigation\nOne year later: misuse of “love jihad” – 14 family members and peers arrested along with the accused secure bail\n@AKlawyer\nAjay Kumar is an Advocate practicing at the High Court at Bombay. His practice areas include commercial civil disputes, white-collar criminal litigation, and arbitration.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1383267"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6244967579841614,"wiki_prob":0.6244967579841614,"text":"Jim Dratfield’s Petography®\nWebsite : http://www.petography.com\nFacebook : JimDratfieldsPetography (1K)\nNot all famous pet photographers have a massive online following. Some just do it because they love it, and they are incredible at what they do. Take Jim Dratfield’s Petography. Jim has been featured on ABC’s 20/20 and The View and was profiled in Town & Country and Oprah’s O. Magazine. His clientele includes Jennifer Aniston, Charlize Theron, Laura Dern, Billy Joel and Elton John. Not too shabby!\nSo how does he do it? “The most challenging thing about being an animal photographer is patience.Animals are very honest in the response to a camera and if eyes are the window to the soul well then an animal invites you to capture that essence,” Jim says. “But the most rewarding thing about being an animal photographer is capturing the relationship between human and animal. That bond is very profound and very strong.”\nJim tries to tell a story with his images and believes that is what people appreciate most about his work. His favorite photograph that he’s taken is called “The Soulful One.” “It is a simple portrait of a flat coated retriever, however the look in the eyes of the dog tell the story and I find it very touching,” he says.\nPhoto shoots are rarely dull, especially when you travel all around the US for them. He once did an outdoor photo session for Henry Kissinger. He arrived shirtless, and his pants kept falling down. “I had him making barking sounds to his dog Amelia. It was quite the sight,” laughs Dratfield.\nAs a pet photographer, you have to have a love of animals. Jim has a nine-year-old black lab named Sawyer, a four-year-old wired-haired pointing Griffon named Maeve, and a black rescue cat named Nico. He also contributes to many different animal charities. Over the years, Jim has had twelve books published by major publishers, such as Random House and Rizzoli.\nHis best tip on photographing pets? “The key to the shoot is patience, patience, patience. Animals will give you so very much, but you have to work on their terms and in their time.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1108768"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6745681762695312,"wiki_prob":0.6745681762695312,"text":"Viterbi Faculty Directory\nKendra Walther\nSenior Lecturer of Information Technology\n2004, Master's Degree, Computer Science, University of Maryland College Park\n2000, Bachelor's Degree, Computer Science, Harvey Mudd College\nKendra Walther is a senior lecturer in the Information Technology Program. She began teaching Fall 2014 as a part-time lecturer and transitioned to full-time lecturer the following year. In 2018 she was promoted to Senior Lecturer of Information Technology. Kendra oversees the Programming Minor within ITP.\nKendra has her bachelor's degree in Computer Science from Harvey Mudd College, and a master's degree in Computer Science from University of Maryland, College Park. She has worked for the Aerospace Corporation and taught Computer Science at Cal State LA, St. Albans School, and Milwaukee School of Engineering. Kendra is passionate about teaching and is constantly trying to find more ways to help her students understand the principles of programming.\n2021 ITP Information Technology Program Director’s Award for Faculty\n2021 Viterbi Dean’s Award for Innovation in Teaching and Education\n2020 CET Center for Excellence in Teaching Faculty Fellowship Institute\nAssociate Director of Program or Center, Associate Director for Academic Affairs of the ITP\nInformation Technology Program\nRRB 219\nRobert Glen Rapp Engineering Research Building\n854 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089\nUSC Mail Code: 1456\nkwalther@usc.edu\nReturn to Faculty Directory\nUniversity of Southern California | USC Viterbi School of Engineering | Privacy Notice | Smoke-Free Policy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line643007"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5767514705657959,"wiki_prob":0.5767514705657959,"text":"Kingstone Schedules 2021 Fourth Quarter and Full Year Financial Results Conference Call\nKingstone Enters into New Reinsurance Treaties\nKINGSTON, NY / ACCESSWIRE / January 12, 2022 / Kingstone Companies, Inc. (NASDAQ:KINS) (the 'Company' or 'Kingstone'), a Northeast regional property and casualty insurance holding company, announced today that it will hold its 2021 Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 financial results conference call for analysts and investors on Friday, March 11, 2022 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time. The earnings announcement is scheduled for release shortly after the stock markets close on Thursday, March 10th.\nThe Company also announced that Kingstone Insurance Company ('KICO'), its wholly owned subsidiary, finalized a new 30% personal lines quota share treaty for the period December 31, 2021 through December 31, 2022. Further, an additional layer was added to the existing Single Risk Excess of Loss treaty. 'The new treaties, when taken together, result in reductions to our catastrophe and single-risk retentions through June 30, 2022 to $7.4 million and $0.5 million from $10.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The quota share benefits us further by increasing our statutory surplus leading to a reduction in premium leverage going into 2022 and allowing for continued written premium growth,' said Meryl Golden, President of KICO.\nThe details of the conference call and webcast are as follows:\nDate: Friday, March 11, 2022\nTime: 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time\nAccess by conference call:\nDomestic callers: 877-407-3105\nInternational callers: 201-493-6794\nAccess by webcast:\nThe call will be simultaneously webcast over the internet and can be accessed via the following link fifteen minutes prior to the call:\nKingstone Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 Financial Results and Conference Call Webcast\nThe webcast will be archived and accessible for approximately 30 days.\nAbout Kingstone Companies, Inc.\nKingstone is a northeast regional property and casualty insurance holding company whose principal operating subsidiary is Kingstone Insurance Company ('KICO'). KICO is a New York domiciled carrier writing business through retail and wholesale agents and brokers. KICO offers primarily personal lines insurance products in New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. Kingstone is also licensed in Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, and Maine.\nAmanda M. Goldstein\nInvestor Relations Director\nSOURCE: Kingstone Companies, Inc.\nhttps://www.accesswire.com/682980/Kingstone-Schedules-2021-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-Financial-Results-Conference-Call","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line583982"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5120989680290222,"wiki_prob":0.5120989680290222,"text":"Initial reactions to the attacks in Norway showed a \"clash of civilisations\" exists, but not in the way many understood.\nby Ahmed Moor\nThe Norwegian terrorist who murdered more than ninety innocent civilians - many of whom were teenagers - did not act alone. Or rather, he acted within a cultural and political context that legitimises his fearful and hate-infested worldview. It is now clear that Anders Behring Breivik was exposed to large amounts of right-wing propaganda. This tragedy underlines the urgency with which normal people around the world must combat fundamentalist nationalists and chauvinists wherever they may be. But it also demonstrates the extent to which reactionary bigotry has infected mainstream thought.\nMany reacted to the news from Oslo with wide eyes and a pointed finger. The most animated reactionaries took to the pages of the New York Times comment section to issue sweeping proclamations about the Clash of Civilisations and something called \"the cult of death\". In many ways, readers were merely reinforcing the paper's woefully editorialised reportage. As Glenn Greenwald helpfully pointed out, the editors of the NYT - America's allegedly liberal newspaper - reserve the word \"terrorist\" solely for use in conjunction with the word \"Muslim\".\nWhen news emerged that the perpetrator of the murders - the terrorist - was a man whose religion and skin pigmentation closely resembled those of the editors of the NYT, the story changed. The terrorist became a deranged \"Christian extremist\" whose tactics clearly mirrored \"Al Qaeda's brutality and multiple attacks\". In that way, the paper linked the terrorist with Muslims, despite his strong antipathy for them.\nBlame for the Western media's panting pursuit of a non-existent Muslim triggerman quickly focused on the feckless, credulous, overeager and inept source of the NYT's journalistic failure. Will McCants - proclaimed by one of his acolytes to be at the top of a \"list of five terrorism experts you can trust\" - was quickly discredited. In his defence, he only sought to affirm the confirmation bias that he and the editors of the NYT suffer from. The meme that underpins their worldview goes something like this: \"Muslims are bad. When bad things happen, Muslims are responsible.\" This is a mainstream view in the US today; it cuts across party lines.\nShaping both sides of the narrative\nThat the purported American left maintains this bigoted outlook is an indication of how successful the right has been at constructing the stage upon which public debate is conducted. Two main anti-Muslim talking points are now taken for granted in this country: First, all terrorists in the West are Muslims; second, we are in the midst of a global civilisational war. These are the dual planks upon which Uncle Sam squats in his Afghani outhouse.\nObjective sources have done an excellent job of discrediting the first of the two claims that inform the 21st century American experience. The second point however - that we are engaged in a war of civilisations - is one that I agree with. But the combatants are not Islam and the West. Instead, the war is between the normal, sane people of the world and the right-wing zealots who see doom, destruction, hellfire and God's Will at every turn.\nAnders Behring Breivik, Mohammed Atta and Baruch Goldstein are all cut from thesame rotten cloth. Anwar Al-Awlaki and Glenn Beck - the peddlers of the faith - all share the same core afflictions.\nThese men are insecure, violently inclined, and illiberal. The outside world scares them. They hate homosexuals and strong women. For them, difference is a source of insecurity. Their values are militarism, conformism, chauvinism and jingoism. Worst of all they seek to pressure us into compliance while they work frantically to destroy themselves - and the rest of us with them.\nThe war continues\nAll indications are that the hate-mongers - who are on the same side of this war, irrespective of religion - are winning in America. The unreflective, superficial, wan editors of the NYT are an indication of just how successful the right wing has been at eviscerating the left.\nBut not all liberals are created equal.\nIt is a credit to the Norwegian people that their prime minister did not respond to the terror attack with scorched-earth rhetoric or a carpet-bombing campaign. A real liberal with strong principles, he did not succumb to fear or vicious speculation.\nInstead, he pledged to strengthen Norwegian democracy. This is what he said shortly after the terrorist attacks: \"Our answer is more democracy, more openness to show that we will not be stopped by this kind of violence.\" His words illustrate the difference between a society that takes liberal principles as a foundation and one that treats them as an inconvenient luxury.\nPrime Minister Jens Stoltenberg's words make it clear where Norway stands on the global war on right-wing extremism. Where does the US stand?\nAhmed Moor is a Palestinian-American freelance journalist based in Cairo. He was born in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.\nThe views expressed in this article are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera's editorial policy.\nAt the crux of this disgusting incident is the fact that these islam-spawned \"terrorist attacks\" were all an inside job. They wanted us to hate muslims so they could be justified in carrying out their war work. Now that it has become a deep-seated, generally-accepted, POV that it was MUSLIMS who attacked our country (not, in fact, the true terrorists--which are our own government!) and has spawned unfounded hatred of a cultural group. Are we surprised by incidents such as that that has just happened in Norway? I'm not! And we'll never see an apology for the fueling of this hatred from the predominantly Jewish-controlled media and entertainment industry. This country is an effing laughing stock and the only people who aren't laughing yet are the ones with their heads buried in the Jersey effing Shore.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1558622"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.848412036895752,"wiki_prob":0.848412036895752,"text":"The Alzheimer’s Research UK Drug Discovery Alliance is a network of Drug Discovery Institutes embedded within the University of Cambridge, University of Oxford and University College London.\nEach Institute will be made up of dedicated teams of drug discovery experts who will work with researchers across the UK and beyond, to fast-track promising academic science into treatments for people with dementia as quickly as possible.\nWhy is drug discovery for dementia so important?\nThere have been no new treatments licensed for Alzheimer’s since 2002 and many people with other causes of dementia have no specific treatments available to them. Alzheimer’s Research UK is determined to change this.\nWe fund pioneering research that is helping to tackle many fundamental questions about Alzheimer’s and other dementias. While there are still unanswered questions about the biology of the diseases that cause dementia, we have a stronger knowledge base than ever before. It is vital that we capitalise on these innovative ideas and discoveries and translate them quickly into potential new treatments for people with dementia.\nThe Drug Discovery Alliance will do just that – ensuring that breakthroughs by scientists go straight into the hands of drug discovery experts. Research and development into new drugs has historically been supported by the pharmaceutical industry but we believe that academic research offers innovation, creativity, fresh ideas and flexibility that has the power to re-ignite the search for new dementia treatments. Our Drug Discovery Institutes will ensure that researchers can explore promising new areas of biology and the best ideas are fed straight into the drug discovery pipeline.\nWhat will the Drug Discovery Institutes do?\nThe Drug Discovery Institutes will support research through the critical early phases of drug discovery. The teams leading each Institute will look for key proteins, molecules or biological processes discovered by academic researchers in the host university and beyond. The expert drug discovery teams will test these targets to confirm they play an important role in the disease (target validation) and start to search for, or develop, compounds that could act on them to slow or stop the disease. These compounds, called ‘leads’, could be the new dementia drugs of tomorrow.\nOnce a lead shows beneficial effects in cell and animal models of the disease in the lab, there is a much higher chance it will work in people. If a lead makes it through these critical phases, the Drug Discovery Institutes will be looking to partner with other organisations to develop them further for testing in people.\n46 million people across the globe are living with dementia and the impact is felt throughout society, but through research we will find answers to our greatest medical challenge. You can read more about how Alzheimer’s Research UK is defeating dementia, by visiting our main website www.alzheimersresearchuk.org\nAlzheimer's Research UK\nFind out more about the pioneering research the charity is funding across the UK.\nBoosting the search for new dementia treatments\nRead about the launch of the Drug Discovery Alliance .","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1263665"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8756938576698303,"wiki_prob":0.8756938576698303,"text":"Twitter: @bjmquinn\nEmail: brian.quinn@bc.edu\nB.S.F.S., Georgetown University\nM.P.P., Harvard University Kennedy School of Government\nJ.D., M.L.S., Stanford Law School\nSpring 2022: Venture Capital Financing; Mergers & Acquisitions\nBrian JM Quinn teaches Corporations, Corporate Counsel Seminar, Mergers & Acquisitions, as well as Deals: The Economic Structure of Transactions.\nProf. Quinn's research focuses on corporate law, mergers & acquisitions, the structuring of transactions, transactional law, and private ordering.\nProf. Quinn joined the law school from Stanford Law School where he was the Teaching Fellow for Corporate Governance & Practice. Prior to his position at Stanford, Prof. Quinn was in private practice with Cooley Godward in Palo Alto, where he represented public and private technology clients in merger and acquisitions transactions. Prof. Quinn also previously served as country coordinator for the Harvard University’s Institute for International Development, managing Harvard’s Vietnam-based teaching and research activities. Prof. Quinn got his start as a legislative aide to Senator Edward M. Kennedy working on health and education issues.\nProf. Quinn writes on corporate law, mergers & acquisitions, transaction structures and private ordering. His work has appeared in numerous journals including the UC Davis Law Review, University of Cincinnati Law Review, the Journal of Corporation Law, and the Delaware Journal of Corporate Law among others. Prof. Quinn is co-author of a leading M&A casebook, Mergers & Acquisitions: Law, Theory and Practice (West) with Prof. Steven D. Solomon and Prof. Claire Hill. Prof. Quinn is also author of a corporate law casebook, Corporations: Cases and Materials, 6th Ed.(Amazon).\nProf. Quinn is a regularly cited in the media for his legal analysis and commentary on current merger transaction deal developments. Prof. Quinn also blogs on legal developments in corporate governance and mergers & acquisitions at the M&A Law Prof Blog.\nProf. Quinn recently served three years as Associate Dean for Experiential Learning at BC Law.\nProf. Quinn received the 2011 Professor Emil Slizewski Award for Faculty Excellence and the Provost’s 2012 TWIN Award for the use of new technology in teaching. Prof. Quinn has received ATAB grants to support the development of online courses and experimentation with blended learning in the law school environment.\nIn addition, Prof. Quinn has written extensively on issues of legal reform in post-Socialist Asia, particularly Vietnam. Prof. Quinn, a fluent Vietnamese speaker, was the resident director for the Fulbright Economics Teaching Program in Ho Chi Minh City from 1994-2000. Until 2018, Prof. Quinn served as a founding board member for the Trust for University Innovation in Vietnam (TUIV). TUIV is a 501(c)(3) organization with a mission to improve institutional innovation in Vietnam’s system of higher education and the sponsoring entity for the Fulbright University of Vietnam, a new private non-profit liberal arts university in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1875299"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6791856288909912,"wiki_prob":0.3208143711090088,"text":"(13 Oct 2021)\nWe are disappointed by the lack of detail provided by the Government regarding measures to improve access to dental care announced in Budget 2022. In the absence of specifics, yesterday’s announcement is nothing more than a veneer that does little to meaningfully address the crisis in oral health care.\nThere are now only 750 dentists treating medical card patients, which is less than half the number of DTSS contracts held by dentists up to two years ago. To put it in context, that is one dentist per 2,000 medical card patients. It means that there are now parts of the country where there is just one dentist covering an entire county or region.\nDentists want an entirely new scheme that reflects modern dental practice and care, one that allows vulnerable groups to access routine dental care in their community. We have never understood the rationale behind a scheme that restricts the number of preventative treatments allowed, such as fillings to save a tooth, while permitting an unlimited number of extractions.\nIn addition, we continue to have serious concerns regarding access to dental care for children due to the significant deterioration in the level of service provided through the public dental service. The budget has offered nothing to allay our concerns.\nOver the past decade, there has been a 30% decline in the number of dentists in the public dental service, despite a 23% increase in the number of eligible under-16s due for assessment. There are now an estimated 100,000 children on waiting lists for a public dental appointment, and there is a six-year waiting list for orthodontic treatment.\nUnderstaffing of the school screening system, coupled with cuts in service provision because of the Covid-19 pandemic, means that the number of children being seen for targeted check-ups is a fraction of what it should be. These missed assessments are unlikely to ever be recovered.\nWe do welcome the planned changes announced to the PRSI scheme, which will allow more young workers to access dental care. However, in terms of national oral health policy, our members remain deeply frustrated that they have been repeatedly denied meaningful engagement with the Department of Health, whether through representation in the development of policy or constructive engagement in its preparation.\nPut starkly, without meaningful reform, existing schemes like the medical card are doomed to fail. An entirely new scheme is required, and we continue to call on the Government to engage with the Irish Dental Association on an alternative proposal for a more sustainable solution that ensures access to care for those who need it most.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line903220"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.850827693939209,"wiki_prob":0.850827693939209,"text":"by Teknogeeks May 28, 2021\nWe cannot imagine our lives without speakers today, can we? We wouldn’t be able to listen to our songs as, without the audio speakers, there won’t be a radio, and neither there would’ve been a television or a mobile phone. It is the most indispensable part of technology, which has revolutionized the better while remaining in the shadow. We take a look at how these incredible audio-emitting devices have gotten smaller and more delicate over the ages. But first, let us know what an Audio Speaker is.\nEvolution Of Audio Speakers: What is an Audio Speaker?\nBy definition, an audio speaker is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. It converts electricity into a loud reverberation. The most common type of audio speaker is the dynamic speaker, which is used today as well. Invented by Edward W. Kellogg and Chester W. Rice in 1925, the speaker operated similarly to a dynamic microphone but instead did the opposite of converting sound to an electrical signal.\nThese speakers are found everywhere, from radios and computers to television and portable audio speakers. They are also larger sized versions used in concerts, theatres and public address sessions.\nFirst application of Audio Speakers\nJohann Philipp Reis installed the first electric audio speaker on his telephone in 1861. It helped in reproducing more precise tones and produce muffled speech as well. His Audio Speaker was later patented by Alexander Graham Bell as his own, the first electric loudspeaker capable of reproducing intelligible speech in 1876.\nJohann Phillips Reis\nReis Telephone with the first audio speaker\nThe First Loudspeaker Invention\nErnst Siemens in 1877 revealed a more advanced version of a loudspeaker after Graham Bell patented a similar one in 1876. Siemens’ name was adopted as the SI unit of electrical conductance. Siemens went on to form a conglomerate company of his name, which is worth billions today.\nHorace Short invented a sound amplifying mechanism using compressed air, which Record companies used in their record player systems.\nilj_61f390227b4b80.42165.18\nFurther innovations and tweaks.\nOliver Lodge, in 1898, made a system of moving coil drivers, for which Peter L. Jenson established a practical application. Still, the duo was denied patents, forbidding them to sell their invention to companies. Years later, in 1915, the team developed their company named Magnavox and became a successful venture.\nIn 1924, Edward Kellogg and Chester Rice created a ‘direct radiator’ that used moving coils. The creators were able to adjust the properties of the rings until they lowered the frequency at which the cone was able to replicate the noise.\nEdward Kellogg and Chester Rice working on their Loudspeaker\nWalter H. Schottky, during this period, developed the earliest Ribbon loudspeaker, which contained diodes. These Loudspeakers use electromagnets to power up coils and amplify the sound. The energy went through the rings into a secondary pair of connections to the driver in the system. Further development made the speakers have better sound amplification as they began to combine drivers.\nBy 1937, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer introduced the “Shearer Horn System for theaters” in the film industry, invented by James Bullough Lansing, Douglas Shearer, and John Kenneth Hilliard. This system was even mounted at the New York’s World Fair in 1939, designed by Rudy Bozak.\nFinally, In 1943 The Duplex Driver came out, introduced by Altec. This driver enhanced the sound quality and performance immensely. Launched in the market in 1945 and was tested by the Academy of Motion Pictures and Sciences. Ten years later, it became the industry standard. Since then, it has evolved, increasing its strength and quality, and is used to date.\nEvolution Of Mobiles\nAudio Speakers Through the Ages.\nHorn Loudspeaker\nThe Horn loudspeaker uses an acoustic horn to enhance the overall efficiency of the driving elements. It consists of a compression driver that produces sound waves with a small metal diaphragm vibrated with the help of an electromagnet—further attached to a horn helping conduct the sound waves out in the open air.\nAn Edison Standard Phonograph using horn loudspeaker.\nThe earliest form of Amplification didn’t require electricity for work. Many, including Thomas Edison, Magnavox, and Victrola, helped develop and advance horns from 1880 to the 1920s.\nThe primary issue with horns was they weren’t loud enough. Electrical Amplification was necessary for more audible sounds, enough for using it at significant public announcements. Horns remain collectable pieces of art.\nThe Electrodynamic Loudspeaker\nThis device uses an electromagnetic coil and a diaphragm to create sound. It happens to be the most common type of speaker used in today’s world.\nThis modern speaker has an electromagnet that turns electric signals of varying strength into coil movement. The copper wire made coils moves as the magnet receives power. The process is based on induction, as the coil connected to the cone diaphragm vibrates, allowing sound to be amplified.\nIt took more than 40 years to develop the requisite knowledge of acoustics and materials. Finally, E.W. Kellogg and C.W. Rice invented the Electrodynamic Loudspeaker by completing the vast labyrinth. The culminating work was based on how to shape the diaphragm and which components to use. The developments of vacuum tubes in the 1910s helped to complete the sophisticated job to control frequencies and regulate power and amplify sound.\nBasic Timeline of The Evolution of Modern Speaker.\n1861– Johann Philipp Reis was a professor in Germany, developed a simple electronic loudspeaker. The speaker reproduced subtle noise.\n1876- Alexander Graham Bell developed a speaker based on Reis’ creation. The lack of knowledge about physics and material properties hurt Bell’s process to create a successful version of his product. Bell was unable to find out how to amplify sound over large distances, which was a vital component of audio systems.\n1877- Werner Von Siemens developed a speaker who outlined his idea with the help of electromagnetic coils. He took the use of input signals of D.C. transients and Telegraphic Signals. Even though he couldn’t figure out how to amplify the sound, he theorized it to come true eventually in the future.\nSiemens Loudspeaker\n1877-1921- Inventors and engineers experimented with the idea of the electrodynamic speaker but could not avail clear sound. None could electrically amplify the signal to create loud sounds, and the industry continued to rely on advanced horns for amplification.\n1921- E.W. Kellogg and C.W.Rice solved the ultimate problem, a sweet, crisp sound from their prototype. They created the first-ever loudspeaker. Several previous attempts to invent the loudspeaker only emitted muffled sounding audio. This muffled sound couldn’t compete with the established horns in the market, as sound would prefer clarity over unclear loud shrills. Kellogg and Rice could understand what sort of frequencies is requisite to create accurate audio sounds.\n1925- E.W.Kellogg and C.W.Rice filed for patents, and after several years of further research, they perfected the prototype as the first commercial product, one of its kind called the Radiola Loudspeaker #104. The Audio speaker was only for the elite under the company name of RCA.\nThe first Modern Loudspeaker\nModernization of Audio Speakers\nDolby proposed a Surround Sound prototype for a Home Theatre System. This speaker system marked the dawn of the Digital and Experimental era, with digital audio systems replacing analogue systems.\nDigital Audio is a sound signal which is converted into digital form. The sound wave of the audio signal is encoded as numerical samples in a continuous sequence. Digital audio systems are used to manage compression, storage, processing and transmission components.\nThe Conversion of Audio signal to digital form allows for convenient manipulation, storage and transmission of an audio signal. Analog Audio degraded the originally recorded quality. Digital sound systems can produce countless copies of the same audio without any sound quality degradation with digital audio.\nWhat are Audio Speakers like currently?\nGone are the days where we had to rack up big diaphragms in our drawing rooms to hear hushed audio. We don’t need to have big pockets to enjoy audio speakers, just for listening to that one show with hundred audio engineers amplifying it. They have become compact, cheaper, and crisper and made with lighter materials, immensely capable of being wirelessly accessible.\nThese speakers are now powered with prolific applications, two components combined into one, unlike the old separate amplifier and speaker. With Bluetooth and NFC coming into play, it’s all about giving the user the ultimate experience concerning sound quality and compatibility .\nWhat’s in it for the Future?\nModern technology has given us the freedom one could never have imagined a century back. The Audio Speakers technology is advancing to offering even more flexibility with systems, developing more bijou. The growth is focused on the software and programming part of the system, allowing the user for greater control and superiority.\nTechnology never stops evolving; The speakers are continuing to improve reliability on wireless technology. Lighter component prototypes are constantly being tried to help with storage, shipping and setup time. The colossal cost reduction of new technologies allows the Billion-Dollar Speaker Market to thrive and make a profit. Further advancements all for to use this incredible creation on stages of future events.\nAudio Speakers have come a long way since the first experimental idea in the 19th century. Its evolution over the ages is remarkable, from having to create mushy noises from mammoth diaphragms to the crispiest sound from tiny mobile phones. An engineering marvel which is overshadowed by fancy exteriors, yet remains the most critical component of majority devices.\nAudio SpeakersEvolution Of Audio SpeakersSounds\nONEUI 4.0 Based on Android 12 – Best Features, Devices, And Release Date In India\nEvolution of iMac: How All in One Apple...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1514571"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8360251784324646,"wiki_prob":0.8360251784324646,"text":"Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway\nChicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway \"The Omaha Road\"\nShare of the Chicago, Saint Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway Company, issued 13. December 1919\nReporting mark\nCMO, CSt.PM&O\nUnited States from St. Paul, Minnesota, Elroy, Wisconsin; Sioux City, Iowa\nDates of operation\nWest Wisconsin Railway, St. Paul and Sioux City Railway\nChicago and North Western Railway, Union Pacific Railroad\nTrack gauge\n4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)\n1,616 miles (2,601 km)\nThe Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway or Omaha Road (reporting mark CMO) was a railroad in the U.S. states of Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and South Dakota. It was incorporated in 1880 as a consolidation of the Chicago, St. Paul and Minneapolis Railway and the North Wisconsin Railway.[1] The Chicago and North Western Railway (C&NW) gained control in 1882.[2] The C&NW leased the Omaha Road in 1957 and merged the company into itself in 1972.[3] Portions of the C. St. P. M. and O. are part of the Union Pacific Railroad network. This includes main lines from Wyeville, Wisconsin, to St. Paul, Minnesota, and St. Paul to Sioux City, Iowa.\nChicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway (CStPM&O) 4-4-0 locomotive #278\n1.1 St. Paul to Elroy\n1.2 St. Paul to Sioux City\n1.3 Creation\n1.4 Chicago and North Western\n1.5 Union Pacific\n2 Disposition of lines\nSt. Paul to Elroy[edit]\nThe West Wisconsin Railway was authorized in 1876 to build from St. Paul, Minnesota through to reach the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad at Elroy, Wisconsin.[4] In 1878 the bankrupt West Wisconsin Railway was acquired by the Chicago, St. Paul and Minneapolis Railway.[4][5]\nSt. Paul to Sioux City[edit]\nThe Land Grant Act of Congress approved March 3, 1857, when Minnesota was still a Territory and not a state, conferred on the then called Southern Minnesota Railroad Company \"lands, interests, rights, powers and privileges\" for the proposed line of railroad from St. Paul via Mankato, Minnesota and other points named to the southern boundary of the state in the direction of the mouth of the Big Sioux river. The Minnesota Valley Railroad Company was organized in 1864 under an act of the Minnesota Legislature approved March 4, 1864. This granted to the new company the Southern Minnesota Railroad grant.[6]\nIn 1869 the Minnesota Valley Railroad constructed a bridge jointly with the Minnesota Central Railroad Company to cross the Mississippi between Mendota and St. Paul at Pickerel Lake. It was the predecessor of the current Omaha Road Bridge Number 15 at the same location. A freight house was constructed in St. Paul at the foot of Robert Street. The name of the company changed on April 7, 1869, to the St. Paul and Sioux City Railroad The railroad had reached Mankato at the bend of the Minnesota river, and exited the river valley to reach Lake Crystal, Minnesota.[6] By September 1872, the track was completed to Le Mars, Iowa, where it joined the Iowa Falls and Sioux City railroad, a predecessor of the Illinois Central Railroad.[7] On October 1, 1872, the railroad was in regular operation from St. Paul through to Sioux City.\nCreation[edit]\nThe North Wisconsin Railway was merged along with Chicago, St. Paul and Minneapolis Railway to become the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway in 1880.[8] [5][9] The C. St. P. M. & O. then purchased the St. Paul and Sioux City in 1881.[5] The route was a bow shape between Le Mars, Iowa, to the Twin Cities, to Elroy, Wisconsin.\nThe Omaha would go on to acquire the Menomonie Railway, the Sault Ste Marie and Southwestern Railway, the Superior Short Line Railway, the Watonwan Valley Railway, the Des Moines Valley Railway, the Chippewa Valley and Northwestern Railway, and Eau Claire, Chippewa Falls, and Northeastern Railway.[10]\nChicago and North Western[edit]\nIn November 1883, control passed to the Chicago and North Western Railway Company.[10] At the end of 1956 C. St. P. M. & O. operated 1616 miles of road and 2396 miles of track; that year it reported 2115 million ton-miles of revenue freight and 65 million passenger-miles.\nUnion Pacific[edit]\nAlthough the CMO had long been absorbed by the C&NW before that railroad was purchased by the Union Pacific, the UP still uses the CMO reporting mark on cars.[11]\nDisposition of lines[edit]\nChicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway Close-Up of Generic 4-4-0 Locomotive Featured on Stock Certificate\nThe following main lines were part of the Omaha Road:[12]\nEastern Division: Elroy, Wisconsin (junction with C&NW towards Chicago) to Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota Now mostly part of the Union Pacific Railroad's Wyeville and Altoona Subdivisions\nNorthern Division: Northline (junction with Eastern Division towards Minneapolis-St. Paul) to Bayfield, Wisconsin Now abandoned\nEau Claire (Eastern Division) to Spooner, Wisconsin (Northern Division main line) Now abandoned between Spooner, Wi and Rice Lake, WI. Progressive Rail ownes the line from Cameron, WI south to Chippawa Falls, WI Between Spooner and Trego, Wisconsin is used by the Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad. Canadian National owns the line between Rice Lake, WI to Cameron, WI.\nTrego, Wisconsin (Northern Division main line) to Duluth, Minnesota Now abandoned, known as the Wild Rivers Trail\nSt. Paul and Sioux City Division: Minneapolis-St. Paul to Sioux City, Iowa Now the Union Pacific Railroad's Mankato and Worthington Subdivisions\nOrg, Minnesota (SP&SC Division main line) to Mitchell, South Dakota It became the Minnesota Southern Railway east of Manley, now belongs to Ellis and Eastern Company. The Railroad has received funding to rebuild the line from Org, MN to Sioux Falls, SD [1].\nNebraska Division: Sioux City to Omaha, Nebraska Now abandoned\nChicago, St Paul,\nMinneapolis & Omaha Railway\nFt. Calhoun\nTekamah\nDakota City\nRailways portal\n^ Interstate Commerce Commission, Valuation Docket No. 549: Chicago, Saint Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway Company, 1928\n^ Mailer (2004), pp. 42, 45.\n^ Chicago & North Western Historical Society, Chicago St. Paul Minneapolis & Omaha - A Capsule History Archived September 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine\n^ a b Yesterday and Today: A History of the Chicago and North Western Railway System. Winship Company, Printers. 1910. pp. 77–.\n^ a b c Donald R. Jr. Durbin (December 2000). The Bigger They Are... Writers Showcase. ISBN 978-0-595-15521-7.\n^ a b J W 1831-1917 Bishop (October 12, 2018). History of the St. Paul & Sioux City Railroad, 1864-188. Creative Media Partners, LLC. ISBN 978-0-342-66271-5.\n^ Rudolph Daniels (2008). Sioux City Railroads. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 23–. ISBN 978-0-7385-5222-4.\n^ Minnesota. Office of Railroad Commissioner (1879). Annual Report. pp. 1–.\n^ George E. Warner; Charles M. Foote (1881). History of Ramsey County and the City of St. Paul: Including the Explorers and Pioneers of Minnesota. North Star Publishing Company. pp. 351–.\n^ a b Poor's Manual of the Railroads of the United States. H.V. & H.W. Poor. 1917. pp. 37–.\n^ Railway Equipment and Publication Co (October 13, 2018). The Official Railway Equipment Register, Vol. 33: Devoted to the Consideration of Topics of Interest to Railroad Officials, More Particularly Questions of Transportation Economies, Car Handling and Other Subjects of Especial Importance to the Transportati. Fb&c Limited. ISBN 978-1-396-78704-1.\n^ P. F. Collier and Son, New World Atlas and Gazetteer, 1922: Chicago and North Western Railway\nMailer, Stan (2004). The Omaha Road: Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha. Mukilteo, Washington: Hundman Publishing. ISBN 0-945434-04-9. OL 8448884M.\nClass I railroads of North America\nAMTK\nCN (GTC)\nCP (DH, SOO)\nCSXT\nKCSM\nAC&Y\nASAB\nAT&N\nAT&SF\nA&WP\nB&AR\nCAR&NW\nCB&Q\nC&EI\nC&IM\nCNO&TP\nC&NW\nCPME\nCRR\nCSPM&O\nC&W\nC&WC\nDL&W\nDM&IR\nD&RGW\nDSS&A\nDT&I\nD&TSL\nDW&P\nEJ&E\nFW&D\nGB&W\nG&F\nGM&O\nGS&F\nKO&G\nL&HR\nL&N\nL&NE\nLS&I\nMILW/CMStP&P\nMN&S\nM&STL\nNC&STL\nNKP/ NYC&StL\nNYS&W\nNO&NE\nN&W\nNYCN\nNYO&W\nP&LE\nP&N\nPRSL\nP&WV\nRDG\nRF&P\nQA&P\nRI/CRIP\nSD&AE\nSLSF\nSLSFTX\nSOO/MStP&SSM\nSP&S\nT&NO\nTP&W\nAB&A\nAB&C\nA&STL\nBA&P\nBC&A\nBR&P\nBSL&W\nCA&C\nCCC&STL\nC&E\nC&G\nCH&D\nCINN\nCI&S\nCI&W\nCL&N\nCM&PS\nCNNE\nCP&STL\nCPVT\nCRI&G\nCR&NW\nCVRR\nDGH&M\nD&IR\nDM&N\nDNW&P\nD&SL\nEP&SW\nE&TH\nF&CC\nFJ&G\nFS&W\nFW&RG\nGC&SF\nGH&SA\nGM&N\nGR&I\nG&SI\nHE&WT\nH&TC\nKCM&O\nKCM&OTX\nLA&SL\nLE&W\nLS&MS\nMD&V\nM&I\nM&NA\nM&O\nNCRY\nNJ&NY\nNOT&M\nNYP&N\nOCAA\nOR&L\nOWRN\nPB&W\nPCC&STL\nP&E\nPRDG\nP&SF\nPS&N\nSA&AP\nSB&NY\nSD&A\nSFP&P\nS&IE\nSJ&GI\nSLB&M\nSLIM&S\nSOUMS\nSSWTX\nT&BV\nT&FS\nT&N\nT&OC\nTSTL&W\nU&D\nVS&P\nWJ&S\nW&LE\nY&MV\nRailroads in italics meet the revenue specifications for Class I status, but are not technically Class I railroads due to being passenger-only railroads with no freight component.\nRetrieved from \"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicago,_St._Paul,_Minneapolis_and_Omaha_Railway&oldid=1063696403\"\nFormer Class I railroads in the United States\nPredecessors of the Chicago and North Western Transportation Company\nDefunct Iowa railroads\nDefunct Minnesota railroads\nDefunct Nebraska railroads\nDefunct South Dakota railroads\nDefunct Wisconsin railroads\nRailway companies established in 1880\nRailway companies disestablished in 1972\nAmerican companies established in 1880\nUse American English from December 2018\nUse mdy dates from April 2012","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line107145"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6194381713867188,"wiki_prob":0.6194381713867188,"text":"Home /RICHARD LITTLEJOHN: Ignore red flags of revenge over Iran… now is time to keep calm and carry on\nRICHARD LITTLEJOHN: Ignore red flags of revenge over Iran… now is time to keep calm and carry on\nAs news broke that Iran‘s top general had been fast-tracked through departures at Baghdad Airport by an American drone strike, the heart sank.\nNot that the vaporisation of a bloodthirsty Islamist psychopath responsible for the murder of thousands of innocent people should be anything other than a cause for celebration.\nIt’s just that I could have predicted what would follow. And I’m not talking about the ritual sabre-rattling, wailing and gnashing of teeth from Tehran.\nNo, it’s the tedious, knee-jerk condemnation from Iran’s useful idiots here in Britain that is so depressing.\nAs news broke that Iran’s top general (pictured) had been fast-tracked through departures at Baghdad Airport by an American drone strike, the heart sank\nNaturally, O.J. Corbyn was first out of the blocks with one of his boilerplate anti-American diatribes. And his terrorist-loving sidekick McDonnell took to the streets five minutes later with the usual suspects from the Stop The War rabble.\nOf course he did. McDonnell and Corbyn have never met an enemy of Britain they didn’t like.\nFrankly, who cares what either of Labour’s losers thinks about anything any more? They’re history, but they just don’t know when to leave the stage.\nGiven five minutes’ notice of the drone strike, I could have told you precisely how it would be received.\nDonald Trump would be accused of trying to start World War III, violating international law and deliberately escalating tensions in the Middle East. Meanwhile, TV coverage would concentrate on the grieving rent-a-mobs vowing retaliation. How many times have we seen assorted Iranian ‘lawmakers’ chanting ‘Death to America’ over the past 40 years?\nNaturally, O.J. Corbyn (left) was first out of the blocks with one of his boilerplate anti-American diatribes. And his terrorist-loving sidekick McDonnell (right) took to the streets five minutes later with the usual suspects from the Stop The War rabble\nOne of the funniest things on Sky News yesterday was the detailed analysis of the crowd at the funeral march in Tehran. We were told we should especially look out for red flags among the sea of flags being raised. Never mind the black-and-white banners, these were the Shia ‘Red Flags of Revenge’.\nAaargh! Beware the Red Flags of Revenge!\nThe fact that they had been unfurled meant Iran now had to strike back. As if they weren’t going to, anyway.\nIran doesn’t so much strike back as strike first. For at least four decades, Tehran has been pursuing an unrelenting campaign of terror, particularly against American targets, much of it orchestrated by Qassem Soleimani until that American missile finally caught up with him on Friday.\nYet after paying lip-service to the fact that Soleimani wasn’t exactly Iran’s answer to the saintly Mother Teresa of Calcutta, a conga-line of ‘experts’ was wheeled out to explain why killing him was a threat to world peace.\nDonald Trump (pictured) would be accused of trying to start World War III, violating international law and deliberately escalating tensions in the Middle East\nSomehow, though, Iran’s regional expansionism, sponsorship of terrorist organisations and responsibility for countless murders as far afield as Indonesia and Buenos Aires keeps getting put on the back-burner.\nThe narrative is always about American aggression, just as Israel is always blamed for ‘perpetuating the cycle of violence’ every time it reacts — proportionately — to thousands of rockets being fired at its civilian population by Iran’s proxy terror groups in Palestine.\nTrump is accused of violating Iraq’s sovereignty by taking out Soleimani in Baghdad. But what was the Iranian-inspired attack on the U.S. embassy in Baghdad last week if not a violation of sovereignty? And what the hell was Soleimani doing there in Iraq in the first place?\nTrump is already being warned that destroying ‘cultural sites’ in Iran will amount to a war crime. Why flatten an ancient mosque, rather than a nuclear enrichment plant or a terrorist training camp?\nThis kind of nonsense is right up there with the constant warnings during the Iraq War about the dangers of violating ‘holy cities’ and disturbing the sanctity of ‘Friday prayers’.\nSoleimani’s body was returned to Iran on Sunday. People are seen carrying his casket upon arrival at Ahvaz International Airport in Tehran. The casket was greeted by chants of ‘Death to America’ as Iran issued new threats of retaliation\nTurned out just about every city, town or hamlet in the Middle East qualifies as ‘holy’.\nI can remembering wondering at the time why we never describe Canterbury or Winchester as ‘holy cities’ or talk about Christians taking part in ‘Sunday prayers’. It’s just another manifestation of the cultural cringe which promotes all other faiths and beliefs above our own.\nWe are also told the President’s recklessness will drag Britain into war with Iran, as if the mad mullahs don’t hate us enough already. In the aftermath of the Iraq invasion, nearly 200 British troops were killed by roadside bombs and munitions supplied by Iran.\nAnd how many people now remember the taking of Royal Navy hostages in the Shatt-al-Arab waterway in 2007? They were paraded on Iranian TV in a deliberate attempt to humiliate Britain.\nCoincidentally, we have just learned of the death of special forces hero Tom MacDonald, who took part in the SAS operation to rescue hostages taken by Islamist terrorists loyal to Ayatollah Khomeini during the Iranian Embassy siege in London in 1980. That’s a poignant reminder of just how long Iran has been exporting terror beyond its borders.\nIt came after an Iranian mob invaded the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, holding more than 50 hostages for 444 days. More recently, Iranian-backed jihadis attacked the U.S Embassy in Benghazi, killing the ambassador.\nBut the abject failure of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton to punish Iran for the Benghazi atrocity only emboldened the bloodthirsty Iranian regime still further. Obama even tried to appease the Iranians with billions of dollars for a non-proliferation deal Tehran never had any intention of honouring.\nIt’s fair to say, though, that if Obama had ordered a drone attack on Soleimani, he’d have been hailed as a hero, striking an historic and measured blow for peace and stability.\nMost of the antagonism levelled at America’s action in taking out Soleimani has been motivated by pure, visceral hatred of Trump, both here and in the U.S. He’s been monstered for not telling the British government in advance of the attack. So much for the so-called special relationship, eh?\nYet given the leaking last year of our former Washington Ambassador Kim Darroch’s confidential cables containing withering criticism of the President, who can blame him for not trusting the usual diplomatic channels?\nFor all we know, Trump called Boris at his holiday hideaway on Mustique. They do have telephones in the Caribbean.\nAs regular readers are aware, this column doesn’t do honeymoon periods. But I won’t join in the criticism of Boris for not cutting his holiday short.\nFor a start, he deserved a break after the travails and eventual triumphs of the past few months.\nAnyway, what was he supposed to do? My fear was that Boris would channel his inner Churchill complex and turn up in a siren suit and a homburg, puffing on a large cigar and pushing toy tanks round a sandpit in the Cabinet war rooms.\nAfter all, Blair, Brown, Call Me Dave and even Mrs May would have been unable to resist such an opportunity for grandstanding.\nYet Boris, wisely, stuck to his sun-lounger, poured himself another rum punch and monitored events from the pool side, while trusting his ministers, aides and generals back in London to do their jobs.\nNever mind how much point-scoring politicians and TV producers desperate to fill their rolling news schedules might protest. This was grown-up government.\nBoris has given his full support to Trump, and reassured the Europeans, while refusing to over-react and maintaining a commendable spirit of independence.\nNobody really knows what is going to happen next. My best guess is that Trump will have seriously rattled Tehran. The mullahs now know they can no longer attack U.S. targets with impunity.\nYes, there will probably be some kind of retaliation met by further retribution from the U.S, but it’s not the beginning of World War III. And even if it is, Boris has made a decent start worthy of his hero.\nKeep Calm and Carry On.\nThe Army has blown a few million quid on yet another fatuous advert attempting to persuade millennials to enlist. Here’s a better idea: bring back conscription. Snowflakes, your country really does need you!","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line123097"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.795664370059967,"wiki_prob":0.795664370059967,"text":"with Annabelle Quince, Keri Phillips\nTry to Download directly (13.20 MB)\nAndrew Burton/Getty Images\nDistribution revolution\nDownload Distribution revolution (13.20 MB)\nOn Rear Vision this week we look at the recent history of the digital distribution revolution. Over the last hundred years of media history, content has become cheaper to produce and distribute.\nContent used to be king for the analogue media conglomerates. Now in courts and in the marketplace they’re fighting off challenges from new digital distribution companies.\nBroadcast: Sun 24 Aug 2014, 12:05pm\nProfessor Susan Crawford\nVisiting professor in Intellectual property at Harvard University. Author of The Captive Audience: The telecom Industry and monopoly power in the new gilded age. Yale University Press\nAssociate Professor Jennifer Holt\nAssociate Professor ,film and television studies at the University of California , Santa Barbara . co-author Distribution Revolution University of California press.\nmedia commentator , Reuters Business\nFrank Rose\nWriter and speaker on digital culture and correspondent for Wired Magazine\nAssociate Professor Matthew Rimmer\nAssociate professor at the ANU College of Law Canberra\nStan Correy: This week on Rear Vision, media mergers and the digital distribution revolution.\nJournalist [archival]: Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox confirming it made an offer to buy Time Warner…\nJournalist [archival]: Time Warner has officially rejected an $80 billion formal offer that they received last month from 21st Century Fox…\nJournalist [archival]: A proposal to unite two of the world's most powerful media conglomerates set Time Warner's stock surging and the business world buzzing…\nMan [archival]: Can there be synergies in a Fox…who are they buying, Time Warner? I can't remember the names, my head is spinning so much…\nJournalist [archival]: A merger would create a media colossus…\nStan Correy: Hello, this is Rear Vision on RN and via the web, I'm Stan Correy.\nSoon, if media conglomerates keep merging, there might only be one big media entertainment corporation controlling content and distribution in the United States. And that possible future will in turn affect how Australians use the internet, what film and television programs they can access online and how much they pay.\nAudiences in the US and Australia have plenty of choice, say the big media companies, there's online video and subscription or pay television. And the media companies also say there's plenty of legitimate competition from new digital giants like Apple, Amazon and Netflix.\nBut in reality, if consumers don't pay the high prices demanded by the media companies, they are treated as pirates. It's a political nightmare.\nChris Uhlmann [archival]: This is the internet age. I don't know enormous amounts about it but I can't imagine it costs any more to do it.\nMalcolm Turnbull [archival]: No, but Chris, look, anyone is entitled, people are entitled to sell their products for whatever price they like. That's their right. My only…and I'm not suggesting that the government should be setting prices here, but I'm just saying that if you want to discourage piracy, the best thing you can do, and the music industry is a very good example of this, the way they've responded, the best thing you can do is to make your content available globally, universally and affordably.\nStan Correy: Digital distribution is causing havoc in the courts, the marketplace and in government. Multibillion dollar mergers excite the market, but audiences are increasingly captive to a system that looks more like the US railway industry of the late 19th century, dominated by very powerful railway barons. That's the view of Harvard law professor and former technology adviser to President Obama, Susan Crawford.\nSusan Crawford: The media conglomerates in America have a pretty good thing in the consolidation of the distribution networks so far because it's a system that's perfectly engineered to raise revenues for both sides. Online video at the moment is not affecting the popularity of the media conglomerates' very shiny bundles of programming and they are able to force those bundles through a guaranteed distribution chain and pass those costs along to consumers. It's all been working out quite well so far. The problem is that the distribution networks can shape that marketplace now because they've become so powerful.\nStan Correy: Digital technology just makes it so easy to find, copy and transmit information.\nThe Distribution Revolution is the title of a new book to be published next month in the United States. One of the authors is Associate Professor Jennifer Holt from the University of California, Santa Barbara.\nJennifer Holt: These legacy companies that are built primarily on content, they have been trying to adapt their distribution networks but I don't think they quite have the formula figured out. So we are at this pivotal moment when we've been there before and there's this long history of is content king or is distribution king? And the way these original empires of entertainment were built was to combine content and distribution. They didn't have to make those choices. It's the same way that the old studios consolidated their power; they bought up all the theatres so that everybody had to go and see what they were producing, you didn't really have a choice. They expanded that model with the new media conglomerates that were built in the '80s and '90s, and now there is a moment where they are trying to determine what the most efficient, effective, and important avenues of distribution are and how to control them.\n[Music: Game of Thrones theme]\nStan Correy: Every day there are more and more stories of consumers who want to use digital technology in creative ways and the media conglomerates who want to stop them. The media companies' historical preference is called windowing, literally dividing up the content and presenting it in an array of digital windows to get top dollar.\nRupert Murdoch's on again/off again bid to take over Time Warner wasn't about providing more consumer choice but getting control of distribution networks and sports rights. And 21st Century Fox isn't the only company bidding for Time Warner, the giant telco Comcast owns the distribution pipelines as well as content and it has a merger proposal on the table and it's causing concern in Washington DC.\nJournalist [archival]: At the first public hearing of the proposed $45 billion merger between Comcast and Time Warner cable, lawmakers on the Senate Judiciary Committee voiced concern about higher prices for consumers and too much power over what Americans watch on TV and online.\nCharles Grassley [archival]: Consumers want to know whether a combined Comcast-Time Warner will be in a better position to expand high-speed internet access. Will consumers have higher cable bills? Will they have more or less content choices?\nStan Correy: The companies that provide our news and entertainment are getting bigger every day. But Rupert Murdoch still describes his company as a swift-footed new economy entrepreneur.\nRupert Murdoch [archival]: 21st Century Fox is an amazing company and our future has never been brighter. While we remain opportunistic and nimble, we are strategically a complete company and have a clear sense of where we are going.\nJack Shafer: It's always difficult to predict technological change but what we've seen over the last 100 years of media is that media has become increasingly cheaper to produce and increasingly cheaper to distribute and increasingly easier for new entrants to come in and create what's being created already.\nStan Correy: Jack Shafer, media analyst for Reuters Business.\nJack Shafer: There have been a couple of cases where that has not been true. There hasn't been a new genuine successful motion picture studio created. Steven Spielberg and his partners tried to create the Dreamworks studio to have their own independent production and distribution business, and they were unable to really knock that door down. But that was probably like trying to enter the newspaper business as the newspaper business is beginning its slide. I think it is a truism that everything becomes faster, everything becomes less expensive, and this is a real threat to the companies that are deeply invested in old technology and very expensive technology.\nStan Correy: For over 30 years, journalist Frank Rose has been following how digital technology has changed the media. He thinks that most of the people running media business today are products of the couch potato era of television. The natural laws of consumption that media conglomerates often talk about are products of another age.\nFrom his office in New York, Frank Rose:\nFrank Rose: The industrial age mindset of mass media is really no accident, it's just how things evolved, starting actually in the mid 19th century with high-speed steam-powered printing presses that made it possible to produce very large numbers of newspapers and railroads and other distribution mechanisms that enabled you to get them to people pretty quickly. And from there it just evolved, from movies and radio and television, all of which worked on what's essentially a broadcasting model, that is mainly from one to many. And it was a very efficient way of distributing information but really at the cost of turning information into a product rather than a service, and treating everyone the same, creating huge masses of people or at least imagining huge masses of people. And digital is fundamentally different, it does not encourage you to look at people as masses, it encourages you to look at individuals.\nStan Correy: As Frank Rose explained, wars between old media and new technologies aren't new. In the 1930s, the new broadcast medium of radio challenged the old mass media of newspapers. In the US, it was called the press/radio war. In Australia the battle lasted throughout the 1930s and into the 1940s and it was between the ABC and the newspapers led by Sir Keith Murdoch.\nHere's a reading from a report from ABC archives describing a meeting between the Newspaper Association and ABC management over the right of the ABC to collect its own news.\nReading: I would particularly invite your attention to the last page of Mr Holtz's letter with its display of power, its claim to monopoly and its threat of action against the Commission if the latter dared to exercise its right to collect its services independently of the Combine. The last page is of a piece with a remark by Sir Keith in course of a conversation with Mr Moses that the 'Commission's proper function is to entertain people, and not to encroach on the newspapers' sphere' and that 'if you people think you are going to usurp the functions of a newspaper you will get your wings clipped'.\nExcerpt from War of the Worlds:\nOrson Wells: On this particular evening, October 30, the Crosley service estimated that 32 million people were listening in on radios.\nAnnouncer: Ladies and gentlemen, we interrupt our program of dance music to bring you a special bulletin from the Intercontinental Radio News. At twenty minutes before eight, central time, Professor Farrell of the Mount Jennings Observatory, Chicago, Illinois, reports observing several explosions of incandescent gas, occurring at regular intervals on the planet Mars…\nStan Correy: In the US press/radio war of the 1930s, it wasn't Martians the newspapers feared but radio, and they used the panic caused by Orson Welles' radio drama to warn of the dangers of the new broadcast technology.\nFrank Rose: The example of newspapers versus radio in the '30s is certainly historically apt. And if you recall in 1938 Orson Welles did this famous or infamous radio broadcast of War of the Worlds, the HG Wells novel about invaders from Mars, and he did this as a radio program, and people tuning in in the middle of it thought that Martians were actually invading and there were scenes of mass panic all across the US. It was unbelievable.\nAnd part of it, part of the reason this was played up so much in the news media was because newspapers viewed radio as an interloper and as a dangerous new technology, so therefore they were eager to give play to a story like this one. Today what we're seeing is certainly a case of new technology threatening and ultimately I think it's going to trump older technologies, but the fundamental difference is that until now in the 20th century…whatever the technology, whether it was movies or print or radio or television they were mass media, they operated on a one-to-many broadcast model, and that's just not the case anymore. What digital technology does is that it breaks that up completely, and it means that distributors of news and entertainment have to fundamentally rethink how they're going to interact with the public.\nStan Correy: You're with Rear Vision on RN and via the web. I'm Stan Correy, and today we're looking at the recent history of the digital distribution revolution and how it's causing havoc in the courts, the marketplace and in government.\nThe new digital technology hasn't yet trumped the old way of doing business in the US. Hollywood entertainment companies like Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox are worried about audiences stealing their content by using new digital technologies. But they are even more concerned about other media distribution companies like Comcast.\nSusan Crawford is now Professor of Law at Harvard University, and Rear Vision spoke to her via Skype.\nSusan Crawford: So at this point if Comcast is permitted to merge with the number two cable distributor, Time Warner cable, that combination will pass 70% of American households. So Hollywood is quite worried actually. In order to reach the people who love their content, they're going to have to figure out how to get through the door of a single gatekeeper who controls access to most American households. And the only thing that beats scale is scale. So on the programming side we're going to see even more consolidation than we have already experienced. There are only about six media conglomerates in the United States that serve up 90% of programming, and now we're going to see fewer, they are going to consolidate.\nStan Correy: It's common to hear of old entertainment empires fading as the new digital based companies take control. That's not exactly what's happening, says Jennifer Holt.\nJennifer Holt: Well, I see that they are under siege in some ways and not in others. These companies, as they were amassing during the late '80s and '90s, were bringing together various strands of media, film and broadcast television and cable television, and now they're all trying to adapt to an entirely new delivery method for all of these media forms. So in some ways they are under siege in the sense that they are subject to the kind of tyranny of data-driven production that is going on right now, which is all very much oriented around what various digital platforms are able to glean from their users and their viewers and how much emphasis is being put on those various elements of data and translating that into our entertainment. So big data has really started to take on a very prominent role in our entertainment universe in ways that we are both aware of and often unaware of. And also the growing contingency of very tech-savvy audiences have them on their toes because now audiences are able to find content in a host of ways—illegal and legal—which don't necessarily funnel into the conglomerate coffers.\nStan Correy: Tech-savvy audiences all around the world are adept at an annoying media companies. In recent weeks, the Times and the Sun newspapers, owned by News Corp, have been warning British football fans not to replay premier league goals using the social media technology Vine. Here's how Channel 4 in Britain reported the story:\nJournalist [archival]: See it, tweet it, repeat it. But fans who share unofficial videos of goals on the internet might be breaking the law, and the premier league has vowed to clamp down.\nJournalist [archival]: Fans can basically self-published their own instant replays online. So if I'm watching a game and I see a particularly good goal or a good save, all I have to do is this; I wait for the instant replay and I use an app called Vine. Once I hit the screen, Vine starts recording. It records six seconds of gameplay, and once I'm done I can publish it instantly to Twitter.\nStan Correy: That report about the social media video technology Vine by Channel 4's technology writer, Geoff White. And it's a classic illustration of what digital expert Frank Rose calls the clueless attitude of many content providers to what's happening in the digital universe. The audience may not own the content, but in the digital world their behaviour counts more than it did in the old mass media days.\nFrank Rose: The first moment really was the introduction of the remote control which happened back in the '70s, and until then you had to literally get up and walk across the room to change your TV channel, and that really started to revolutionise the way people watched TV. And then of course Sony introduced the video cassette recorder, Sony and Philips both. And then of course you had eventually digital video recorders which did the same thing without bothering with a cassette. And now you have high speed internet and the emergence of companies like Netflix that distribute programming over the internet, and that just leads to more and more audience control.\nNow the audience not only doesn't have to watch a TV show when it's aired, they don't even have to subscribe to the cable package that distributes the TV show in many cases. So I think that's a fundamental development. But a big problem I think that the media companies have is that they are generally sort of clueless when it comes to new technologies and they kind of simultaneously rush to embrace them before they really understand them and resist their implications.\nStan Correy: And the media companies resist via copyright law. And very punitive copyright law. Here's James Murdoch, currently co-chief operating officer of 21st Century Fox, speaking in 2010:\nJames Murdoch [archival]: You need governments to play ball. These are property rights. These are basic property rights. There is no difference from going into a store and stealing a packet of Pringles or a handbag and stealing something online, right? And the idea that there is this new consumer class that somehow are thieves but we call them consumers, and we say we have to be customer friendly when they're stealing stuff, is lunacy, right? This is the basic condition for investment and economic growth, is some level of sanctity around property rights, whether it's my house or a movie I've made, okay? And there's no difference, and I think it's crazy, frankly, if people say, 'Oh, it's different, these kids, you know, these crazy kids…' No, punish them.\nStan Correy: Murdoch might be annoyed and surprised at the views of one of Hollywood's new power brokers. Ted Sarandos is the chief content officer for streaming video giant Netflix and a Fox competitor in the video streaming business. He told the authors of the book Distribution Revolution that a lot of anti-piracy efforts are just sport. For every technological solution to piracy, a counter-technology emerges.\nHere's Sarandos speaking last year:\nTed Sarandos [archival]: There is a problem when I mentioned piracy on movies around the world, but television is also driving a tonne of that piracy now and, again, not because people are becoming increasingly dishonest, I don't believe that, I think it's because the internet is this enormous global unfragmented platform. In every other form of distribution besides the internet there's a physical need for distribution to be fragmented, you know, the satellite signal only covers half the Earth at the same time, wires have to be run, prints have to be delivered. But on the internet there's no reason that you can't push play anywhere in the world and watch the same thing and watch whatever you want, whenever you want. And everyone is using this a marketing platform.\nFrank Rose: I call piracy market failure because it fundamentally happens…I mean, there are certainly exceptions, but most of it happens when people can't get what they want legitimately.\nStan Correy: Frank Rose covers the digital business world for Wired magazine. He says most media companies invariably blame consumers. To admit fault would mean that their media business is based on industrial era economic models that no longer work.\nFrank Rose: There have been a number of studies that have shown this, studies all over the world, and they show that when people are able to get something, when they are able to buy something or rent it, you know, some media property, they will do so. When it's not available they will turn to other means of distribution, which is to say piracy. So if media companies give the market what it wants, piracy goes down. If they don't, piracy goes up. It's pretty much as simple as that.\nStan Correy: Over the past decade in the US and in Australia there have been quite vicious legal and media campaigns where traditional content providers have challenged consumer use of digital technology. There are winners and losers on both sides. In Australia at the moment there's an intense lobbying campaign by Rupert Murdoch's Foxtel and the movie distributors to change federal copyright laws in their favour.\nAssociate Professor of Law Matthew Rimmer is a copyright expert from the ANU. Like Frank Rose in the US, he thinks copyright owners are using out-dated business models to fight their campaigns.\nMatthew Rimmer: It's entirely true that copyright owners have been given a range of rights through successive reforms but often have not been very good at innovating to make their works widely and flexibly accessible to consumers. So there is a great deal of frustration that copyright owners have been very much focused upon protecting and defending old business models, rather than innovating with new business models, and as a result they have lost a lot of the opportunities.\nSo Steve Jobs with Apple saw a real opportunity with the battles breaking out between Napster and the music industry for a legitimate player to come in and provide access to digital files at a relatively fair price. And as a result, Apple was able to kind of insert itself into the relationship between the music industry and creators and consumers, and really now has something of a chokehold in terms of that relationship.\nSimilarly Amazon.com has shown a great deal of innovation in terms of building up its publishing empire and offers a great marketplace in the net. Really publishers had the opportunity to do that themselves but they missed that opportunity. And in relation to Netflix you can see that Netflix is satisfying a very definite consumer demand in the United States for access to a wide range of copyright content on a subscription basis, and that seems to be much more attractive than the very expensive packages that are being offered by some of the pay television providers like Foxtel. So there's a real tension there in terms of whether or not copyright owners are best off spending their money trying to defend their old business models and chasing after pirates, or whether they should be engaging in research and development to be ensure that they are not left behind by the next wave of disruptive technologies.\nStan Correy: Matthew Rimmer.\nYou would expect Susan Crawford to have strong opinions on the copyright issue and how it's affecting consumers in accessing the internet. Crawford is now Visiting Professor in Intellectual Property at Harvard University. She thinks the copyright wars may be distracting people from the bigger problem; the concentration of corporate control of the internet.\nSusan Crawford: The whole industry is so concentrated that they've been able to make a deal. Right now Hollywood is not that worried about piracy online because they're cooperating with the distribution networks on something called the six strikes scheme that allows the content industry to complain about piracy and people who are pirating long-form intellectual property to the distribution networks and have those people or subscribers removed from the network if they're pirates. So in fact these guys are frenemies in a sense, that Hollywood and the distribution networks are in cahoots working together and are able now to defeat piracy in a way that would have been more difficult if there was greater competition in the distribution network side.\nStan Correy: Some people looking at digital distribution say that this is breaking down old models, but your book was called Captive Audience. Some people say the power is moving to the audience, but in a sense that's not your opinion, is it?\nSusan Crawford: Well, the audience only gets to get online if they have a wire going into their home. This is just what some people call a natural monopoly, it's quite expensive to build two sets of wires to homes and nobody is stepping up to claim this market from the cable operators here in the United States. So they pretty much reign without constraint from either competition or oversight in this country. And so only so much a user can do if their distributor has complete power over their connection.\nStan Correy: So the power is with the distributors rather than…digital is not giving audiences power, only if they are connected do they have that power to, I suppose…via decisions about programs and things like that.\nSusan Crawford: That's right. So the first step is getting online and for that first step we have a very few actors in the United States who have enormous market power.\nStan Correy: Professor Susan Crawford from Harvard Law School. My other guests: Associate Professor Jennifer Holt from film and television studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara; Jack Shafer, media commentator with Reuters Business; Frank Rose, digital business correspondent with Wired magazine; and Matthew Rimmer from the ANU College of Law.\nToday's sound engineer is Simon Branthwaite. I'm Stan Correy, thanks for listening.\nPresenter Stan Correy\nProducer Stan Correy\nIn April 2014 Supreme Court heard a case pitting startup internet TV company Aereo against major broadcast networks\nThe week that changed the world—President Nixon's visit to China in 1972 and his meeting with Chairman Mao\n28mins 52secs\nPsychedelics—the curious journey from medical lab to party drug and back again\n29mins 6secs\nTax cuts for the rich—do we all benefit?\nSun 9 Jan 2022\nPolitics in the bush—the story of the Nats","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1314267"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8541253209114075,"wiki_prob":0.8541253209114075,"text":"The Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law\nIn document The bear as barometer: the Japanese response to human bear conflict (Page 83-86)\n6.2 The legislative framework for wildlife management\n6.2.1 The Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law\nAs noted, one of the key laws regulating wildlife management is the Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law, which was revised from the Hunting Law in 1963. The law’s stated purposes are ‘to protect birds and mammals, to increase populations of birds and mammals, and to control pests through the implementation of wildlife protection projects and hunting controls’.4 As its original name suggests, the law’s initial purpose was the regulation of hunting, and this continues to be its predominant function. The law gives the Ministry of the Environment the authority to designate game species, of which there are about 50. Game animals include Hokkaidō brown bears, Asiatic black bears, wild boar (Sus leucomystax), deer (Cervus nippon nippon); foxes (Vulpes vulpes), hares (Lepus brachyurus), squirrels (Tamias sibiricus), badgers (Procyon lotor), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and minks (Mustela vison).5 All other wild animals are designated as protected species under the law. The law also designates areas in which hunting is prohibited, regulates hunting periods, harvest rates, and hunting methods. One key characteristic of the legislation is that it designates non-hunting zones, as opposed to hunting zones: thus, in Japan hunting is permitted in any area which is not specifically designated as a non-hunting zone.\nThere are two key issues regarding the function of this law in protecting animals. Firstly, while it is illegal to hunt all non-game species under the law, this does not mean that these animals are comprehensively protected. Inadequate monitoring means that poaching is relatively common in relation to species such as the bear, and that poachers are rarely apprehended. Secondly, and more\nimportantly, though protected from hunting, these species are not protected from the threat of habitat destruction, and it will be this, rather than over-hunting, which will lead most endangered species further towards extinction. Thirdly, some species are designated as games species despite the fact that they are either endangered or extinct over a substantial part of their range. The Asiatic black bear is a case in point. The Asiatic black bear has five isolated populations extending over the west of Japan which are designated as either extinct or endangered according to the Ministry of Environment’s own criteria (see Figure 9 for distribution map), but under the law the bear is designated as a game species. In prefectures where it is either designated as endangered or thought to be extinct, prefectural regulations prohibit or limit hunting. However, if the bear is thought to present a risk to human safety or to be responsible for pestilence, it may be culled (control-killed) as a pest.\nBeyond its designation of wildlife as non-game species, the Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law provides for some additional, if limited, protection for wildlife. The law gives the Minister of the Environment or the relevant prefectural governor the authority to designate areas as ‘wildlife protection zones’ (chōjū hogoku ), in which game hunting of wildlife is prohibited. (Note that the control-killing of wildlife considered to be pests is still permitted in these areas.) As of 2003, there were 56 nationally designated wildlife protection zones and 3,796 prefecturally designated zones. Wildlife in these zones is protected from hunting, but not from habitat loss or degradation: land-reclamation, forestry and other forms of economic activity are still permitted.\nAdditional protection against habitat destruction is provided by ‘special protection zones’ (tokubetsu hogochiku ), which may be designated within these ‘wildlife protection zones’. In these zones, all construction, land-development, reclamation projects, cutting of forest, mining and other industrial activities require the prior consent of the Minister or prefectural governor. However, the Minister or prefectural governor can only withhold his or her consent where the action(s) in question ‘will bring about serious harm to wildlife or to wildlife habitat’ (though it is not clear by whom, and by what criteria, this is judged). In all other cases, the Minister or prefectural governor is obliged to give his or her consent. Because the ‘special protection zones’ involve comparably stringent restrictions on the use of land, land-owners and users tend to oppose any applications for their designation. Consequently, as of 1999, only about 23 per cent of nationally designated wildlife protection zones had been designated as special protection zones, while only six per cent of prefecturally designated wildlife protection zones had been designated as special protection zones.6\nAn understanding of the historical development of Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law is useful in order to understand the nature of the law today, as much of its history is still reflected in the current law. The Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law has its origins in the hunting controls which were\nestablished to protect the hunting grounds used by the feudal lords in medieval Japan. In 1873, the first hunting regulations were enacted, primarily to control the use of guns. These regulations included an annual firearms licensing system, and set down hunting seasons and the areas in which hunting could take place, but made no restrictions on what species could be hunted. However, as the populations of some species became increasingly depleted, there was a transition to the idea of ‘conserving’ species which had until then been regarded solely as ‘game’. In 1892, 14 bird species and one animal became protected animals by imperial edict. The number of protected animals was subsequently increased to 22 in 1901, and 60 in 1910.7\nDespite the increased legal protection for wildlife, the populations of many species continued their decline. This was as a consequence of habitat destruction (primarily the reclamation of wetlands and the cutting of natural forest); an increase in hunter numbers; and technological developments in traps, guns and other hunting equipment. In 1918, a fundamental change was made to the Hunting Law: specific species were designated as game species—a departure from the previous system, whereby all species had been regarded as ‘game’ unless designated otherwise. The revised law also introduced a mechanism for prohibiting or limiting the hunting of game animals as necessary. In 1950, in another important change, the authority to limit or prohibit the hunting of specific wildlife, previously limited to the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, was revised to include prefectural governors.8\nHowever, the downward slide in wildlife populations continued, and in 1963 there was another major revision of the Hunting Law. In this revision, greater emphasis was placed on wildlife protection, reflected also in a change of name: to the Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law. In 1971, responsibility for wildlife conservation was passed from the Forestry Agency (within the then Ministry of the Agriculture and Forestry) to the newly established Environment Agency.9 This development was not as positive for wildlife protection as it may appear, as the Environment Agency had very little power within government—especially in comparison to the ministries whose responsibilities lay in the utilisation of natural resources for development, such as the then Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the Ministry of Construction, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Nevertheless, concomitant with the Environment Agency taking over responsibility for nature conservation, there was inherently less internal conflict of interest concerning core areas of jurisdiction than was previously the case with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Nevertheless, a prime area of conflict continues to be that between utilisation and conservation of forest lands: the economic interest of what is now the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries lies in utilising and generating maximum profit from forested lands, which is at odds with the conservation function of national parks.\nThe prima facie strengthening of these wildlife protection mechanisms proved little match for the ‘development’ of wildlife habitat which was occurring at a rapid pace over this period. 10 The clearing of indigenous forest; extensive afforestation with coniferous species; dam and road construction; reclamation of wetlands and bays; the building of resorts, golf courses and other facilities all threatened important habitats for wildlife. The Resort Law, enacted in 1987, only compounded the problem of disappearing wildlife habitat: McCormack (1996) states for example that during the late 1980s and early 1990s, 26.7 per cent of Kyūshū’s inland area was incorporated into plans for 135 resorts, including 100 golf courses.11 Similarly, ski fields sprang up in many previously undeveloped mountain areas.\nIronically, this rapid loss in wildlife habitat was to lead to a policy shift from wildlife ‘conservation’ to ‘management’—in other words, the control of certain ‘problematic’ wildlife species (gaijū ) through culling. As habitat decreased or became more fragmented, the incidence of agricultural and forestry pestilence and human injury caused by wildlife such as bears, serow, deer, and monkeys (Macaca fuscata) increased exponentially from the 1980s. This led to calls to weaken the restrictions on hunting and reduce the populations of wildlife causing these problems. At the same time, researchers and academics urged the government to move from what was viewed as an archaic hunting system to a system of wildlife management based on scientific knowledge. Finally, the Environmental Agency capitulated, and the Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law was again revised. The revision included the introduction of The Specific Wildlife Planning System in 1999 (detailed below), which allowed for the regulation of populations of wildlife species causing pestilence, and the devolution of authority for regulating hunting and wildlife management to prefectural governments.12\nThis leads to the question of the role of natural parks, which encompass important areas of wildlife habitat, in the wildlife conservation function. This aspect will be examined in the next section.\nThe global distribution of bear symbolism and significance\nThe cultural significance of the Asiatic black bear in Japan\nThe effect of forestry on the environment and rural society\nPhysical characteristics, diet and life-cycle of Ursus thibetanus (japonicus)\nHunting, culling and poaching\nHuman-bear conflict in Japan\nThe Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law (You are here)\nThe development of the National Park system\nThe Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora\nWildlife management in practice—the fissure between legislation and reality\nThe role of non-governmental organisations and research organisations\nPublic awareness, perceptions and discourse on human-bear conflict\nMedia coverage of the bear problem\nThe symbolism of discourse on human-bear conflict\nBears and humans in pre-historic Japan\nThe development of the Japanese geomentality and the sacralisation of mountains\nBeliefs about bears in upland folklore\nThe bear’s place in matagi culture\nBears in ‘lowland’ culture: the araguma\nBears and humans in pre-history\nThe bears of Nametoko: sessh ō , fate, and the bear as moral exemplar\nDistribution and population status\nBear management in Iwate Prefecture\nBear management at the municipal level\nAnimal welfare issues relating to bears","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line713317"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8023168444633484,"wiki_prob":0.8023168444633484,"text":"The End of the Chávez Era?\nOn December 8, Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez announced that his cancer has returned. Unlike past announcements, this time around Chávez publicly acknowledged that his odds of survival may not be great. Chávez took the astonishing, and quite unprecedented, step of naming a successor, foreign secretary Nicolas Maduro.\nWhat happens when someone larger-than-life dies? On December 8, Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez announced that his cancer has returned. Unlike past announcements, this time around Chávez publicly acknowledged that his odds of survival may not be great. Chávez took the astonishing, and quite unprecedented, step of naming a successor, foreign secretary Nicolas Maduro. This amounts to Chávez’s first admission—at least in public—that Venezuela’s future may not include him.\nPhoto Credit: AP\nThis prospect has been lurking in the shadows since Chávez’s 2011 announcement that he had cancer. But until now, Chávez had refused to give such thoughts any credence. The nature of Chávez’s illness remains a secret. Apart from Chávez, his doctors, and a few close advisors, it is unlikely that anyone knows the full severity of Chávez’s cancer. Chávez has suggested that he may not make it through his current term, which ends January 9. The exact timing of the end remains a mystery, but one that may be resolved within weeks or months rather than years. But it is clear that Chávez’s days as president are numbered.\nDoes this mean that the Chávez era is, or will soon be, over?\nThe answer to this question hinges, in part, on the question of who Venezuela’s next president will be. In the likely event that Chávez dies or leaves office before the fourth year of his new six-year term, a presidential election would be held within 30 days. Given their chronic inability to defeat Chávez, Venezuela’s opposition understandably relishes the chance to face off against another opponent. Chávez has made his opinion of who this should be crystal clear. “If something were to happen that would incapacitate me,” Chávez told supporters, “My firm opinion, as clear as the full moon—irrevocable, absolute, total—is that you elect Nicolas Maduro as president.”\nMaduro is seen as a faithful follower of Chávez, and one of the more “radical” members of Chávez’s inner circles, making it likely that a Maduro presidency would mean the continuation of many of the policies of the Chávez years. It is likely that Chávez’s departure will lead to some infighting amongst his supporters. But the prospect that a Maduro presidency could provide greater space for internal dissent and questioning should be seen as a welcome development, given that these were often in short supply due to Chávez’s outsized personality and limited tolerance of dissent by his supporters.\nFor this to happen Maduro would have to prevail against the opposition in a new election. The prospect of a new presidential election—this time without Chávez—heightens the significance of Venezuela’s gubernatorial election scheduled for December 16. Henrique Capriles, the man Chávez defeated in October, is running for re-election as governor of Miranda state. Capriles lost Miranda in the October 7 presidential election, but by less than 7,000 votes (less than 0.5%). He is running neck-and-neck with Elías Jaua, who until recently served as vice president under Chávez, and who is seen as a strong candidate. If Capriles wins on Sunday, he would likely retain his position as the leader of Venezuela’s opposition. If he loses it will probably set off an ugly scramble amongst those seeking to be the new opposition standard bearer.\nMaduro would clearly benefit from this second scenario. But if Capriles wins re-election and retains his place as the (relatively unquestioned) leader of Venezuela’s opposition the situation would be quite distinct. While Capriles lost to Chávez by 11%, the 6.5 million votes he won were the most that the opposition has ever obtained and far more than what Chávez’s United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) won in the 2010 legislative election. Maduro’s chances of victory against Capriles are far from certain. A poll conducted in April showed that Maduro’s support—as a potential presidential candidate—was just 12.69% compared to 46.13% for Capriles. Chávez’s backing of Maduro is likely to change this, potentially quite significantly. It is also likely that Maduro would receive a boost from the profound emotional outpouring that Chávez’s death would trigger amongst his supporters. Whether this would allow Maduro to defeat Capriles is not, however, clear.\nIt is hardly surprising that most of the commentary regarding what a post-Chávez Venezuela might look like has focused on the question of presidential politics. But it is a grave mistake to think that the future of Venezuela depends solely on the identity of its president. To do so is to dismiss the profound significance of the social and political changes that Venezuela has experienced over the past 14 years. Contrary to mainstream media portrayals, the reason Chávez has remained popular over the years—and why he won an unprecedented fourth re-election in October with 55% of the vote—is not because he is a demagogue. Chávez’s popularity stems from the material and symbolic benefits his administration has provided ordinary Venezuelans year after year.\nThe material benefits provided to Venezuelans since Chávez came to power are significant. Since Chavez came to power Venezuela’s poverty was cut in half, and millions have benefited from government-provided healthcare, education, and subsidized food. Millions more have benefited from government housing, and various other forms of economic and social assistance. There is little doubt that Nicolas Maduro would continue Venezuela’s famous social missions. And it is significant that Capriles promised to continue these programs if elected president. Venezuela’s missions provide benefits that are an important legacy of the Chávez era that will not end the moment that Chávez ceases to be president.\nThe reason for this has less to do with the goodwill of Venezuela’s political leaders (including Chávez himself). Instead it is related to the second achievement of the Chávez era, which is arguably of much greater significance than the material benefits just discussed: the emergence of a mass movement of people who are deeply committed to radical social, economic, and political change. The Venezuelan state has played a key role in fostering this movement. And it is closely tied to Chávez’s party, the PSUV. But fortunately Venezuela’s popular movement transcends the limits of partisan politics and state power.\nThis is clearest when looking at the thousands of social organizations that have been created during the Chávez era. In addition to health councils, mother’s clubs, and urban land committees, the most important of these are the thousands of communal councils created since 2005. Despite government (and opposition) attempts to use these councils for overtly political ends, many councils include both Chavistas and non-Chavistas and operate with a high degree of autonomy vis-à-vis political leaders. This autonomy has been crucial to the success of some of the most impressive institutional experiments of the Chávez era, such as participatory budgeting. As my research shows, these experiments have often succeeded despite (rather than because of) the efforts of Chavista political officials. This belies the image of a movement that is dependent upon one man. And it underscores a point of fundamental importance. No matter who is president, the popular movement that has emerged during the Chávez era will remain.\nGabriel Hetland is a doctoral candidate in sociology at the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on participatory budgeting in Venezuela, Bolivia, and the United States.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1341677"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9892212152481079,"wiki_prob":0.9892212152481079,"text":"Robert Durst, real estate tycoon convicted of murder, dies\nby: ANDREW DALTON and BRIAN MELLEY, Associated Press\nPosted: Jan 10, 2022 / 12:55 PM CST\nUpdated: Jan 10, 2022 / 05:53 PM CST\nLOS ANGELES (AP) — Robert Durst, the wealthy New York real estate heir and failed fugitive dogged for decades with suspicion in the disappearance and deaths of those around him before he was convicted last year of killing his best friend, has died. He was 78.\nDurst died of natural causes Monday in a hospital outside the California prison where he was serving a life sentence, according to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. Durst had been held in a hospital lockup in Stockton due to a litany of ailments.\nDurst was convicted in September of shooting Susan Berman at point-blank range at her Los Angeles home in 2000. He was sentenced Oct. 14 to life in prison without parole.\nDurst had long been suspected of killing his wife, Kathie, who went missing in New York 1982 and was declared legally dead decades later.\nBut only after Los Angeles prosecutors proved he silenced Berman to prevent her from telling police she helped cover up Kathie’s killing was Durst indicted by a New York grand jury in November for second-degree murder in his wife’s death.\nWestchester County prosecutors, who had been trying to get Durst transferred there to face the charge, said they planned to reveal new details about the case in coming days.\n“After 40 years spent seeking justice for her death, I know how upsetting this news must be for Kathleen Durst’s family,” District Attorney Miriam Rocah said in a statement. “We had hoped to allow them the opportunity to see Mr. Durst finally face charges for Kathleen’s murder because we know that all families never stop wanting closure, justice and accountability.”\nLos Angeles prosecutors told jurors Durst also got away with murder in Texas after shooting a man who discovered his identity when he was hiding out in Galveston in 2001. Durst was acquitted of murder in that case in 2003, after testifying he shot the man as they struggled for a gun.\nDeputy District Attorney John Lewin said Los Angeles jurors told him after the verdict that they believed Durst had killed his wife and murdered Morris Black in Texas.\nDurst’s undoing was in large part due to his hubris.\nAfter beating the charge in Texas, in a bid to rehabilitate his image, he reached out to filmmakers who had portrayed his life — not favorably — in the 2010 big screen feature, “All Good Things,” starring Ryan Gosling as Durst. He offered to sit down for a series of lengthy interviews about his life.\nIt was a decision he told jurors he deeply regretted.\nDurst, who later said he was using methamphetamine during the interviews, made several damning statements including a stunning confession during an unguarded moment in the six-part HBO documentary series “The Jinx: The Life and Deaths of Robert Durst.”\nThe show made his name known to a new generation and brought renewed scrutiny and suspicion from authorities.\nThe night before the final episode aired, Durst was arrested in Berman’s killing while hiding out under an alias in a New Orleans hotel, where he was caught with a gun, more than $40,000 cash and a head-to-shoulders latex mask for a presumed getaway.\nThe finale’s climax came with him mumbling to himself in a bathroom while still wearing hot mic saying: “You’re caught! What the hell did I do? Killed them all, of course.”\nThe quotes were later revealed to have been manipulated for dramatic effect but the production — done against the advice of Durst’s lawyers and friends — dredged up new evidence including an envelope that connected him to the scene of Berman’s killing as well as incriminating statements he made.\nPolice had received a note directing them to Berman’s home with only the word “CADAVER” written in block letters.\nIn interviews given between 2010 and 2015, Durst told the makers of the “The Jinx” that he didn’t write the note, but whoever did had killed her.\n“You’re writing a note to the police that only the killer could have written,” Durst said.\nHis defense lawyers conceded in the run-up to trial that Durst had written the note, and prosecutors said it amounted to a confession.\nClips from “The Jinx,” and “All Good Things” had starring roles at trial.\nAs did Durst himself. He took the risk of again taking the stand for what turned out to be about three weeks of testimony. It didn’t work as it had in Texas.\nUnder devastating cross-examination by prosecutor Lewin, Durst admitted he lied under oath in the past and would do it again to dodge trouble.\n“‘Did you kill Susan Berman?’ is strictly a hypothetical,” Durst said from the stand. “I did not kill Susan Berman. But if I had, I would lie about it.”\nThe jury promptly returned a guilty verdict.\nIt long appeared he would avoid any convictions.\nDurst went on the run in late 2000 after New York authorities reopened an investigation into his wife’s disappearance, renting a modest apartment in Galveston and disguising himself as a mute woman.\nIn 2001, the body parts of a neighbor, Black, began washing up in Galveston Bay.\nArrested in the killing, Durst jumped bail. He was caught shoplifting a sandwich six weeks later in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, where he had gone to college. Police found $37,000 cash and two handguns in his car.\nHe later quipped that he was “the worst fugitive the world has ever met.”\nHe would testify that Black had pulled a gun on him and died when the weapon went off during a struggle.\nHe told jurors in detail how he bought tools and downed a bottle of Jack Daniels before dismembering Black’s body and tossing it out to sea. While he was cleared of murder, he pleaded guilty to violating his bail, and to evidence tampering for the dismemberment. He served three years in prison.\nDurst had bladder cancer and his health deteriorated during the Berman trial. He was escorted into court in a wheelchair wearing prison attire each day because his attorneys said he was unable to change into a suit. But the judge declined further delays after a 14-month pause during the coronavirus pandemic.\nAt his sentencing, Durst entered the courtroom with a wide-eyed vacant stare. Attorney Dick DeGuerin said he was “very, very sick” — the worst he looked in the 20 years he spent representing him.\nNear the end of the hearing after Berman’s loved ones told the judge that her death upended their lives, Durst coughed hard and appeared to struggle to breathe. His chest heaved and he pulled his mask down below his mouth to gulp for air.\nHe was hospitalized two days later with COVID-19 and DeGuerin said he was on a ventilator. But Durst apparently recovered and was transferred to state prison where mug shots showed no sign of a ventilator.\nThe son of real estate magnate Seymour Durst, Robert Durst was born April 12, 1943, and grew up in Scarsdale, New York. He would later say that at age 7, he witnessed his mother’s death in a fall from their home.\nHe graduated with an economics degree in 1965 from Lehigh University, where he played lacrosse. He entered a doctoral program at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he met Berman, but dropped out and returned to New York in 1969.\nHe became a developer in the family business, but his father passed him over to make his younger brother, and rival, Douglas the head of the Durst Organization in 1992.\nDurst broke ties with his family, reaching a settlement with a family trust. He was estimated to have a fortune of about $100 million.\nDouglas Durst testified at trial that he feared his brother wanted to kill him.\n“Bob lived a sad, painful and tragic life,” he said in a statement Monday. “We hope his death brings some closure to those he hurt.”\nIn 1971, Robert Durst met Kathie McCormack, and the two married on his 30th birthday in 1973.\nIn January 1982, his wife was a student in her final year at medical school when she disappeared. She had shown up unexpectedly at a friend’s dinner party in Newtown, Connecticut, then left after a call from her husband to return to their home in South Salem, New York.\nRobert Durst told police he last saw her when he put her on a train to stay at their apartment in Manhattan because she had classes the next day.\nProsecutors said Berman, the daughter of a Las Vegas mobster, posed as Kathie Durst to call Albert Einstein College of Medicine the next morning to say she was sick and wouldn’t be at her hospital rotation. The call provided an alibi for Robert Durst because it made it appear his wife made it safely to Manhattan after he saw her.\nHe would divorce her eight years later, claiming spousal abandonment, and in 2017, at her family’s request, she was declared legally dead.\nKathie McCormack Durst’s family said they plan to provide an update on Jan. 31 — the 40th anniversary of her disappearance — into an investigation of others who helped cover up her killing, attorney Robert Abrams said.\nRobert Durst is survived by his second wife Debrah Charatan, whom he married in 2000. He had no children.\nUnder California law, a conviction is vacated if a defendant dies while the case is under appeal, said Laurie Levenson, a law professor at Loyola Law School.\nAttorney Chip Lewis said Durst had appealed.\nAssociated Press writer Michelle A. Monroe in Phoenix contributed.\nThis Wednesday, Dec. 15, 2021 photo, released by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, shows Robert Durst, the eccentric New York real…\nThis Wednesday, Dec. 15, 2021 photo, released by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, shows Robert Durst, the eccentric New York real estate, who was sentenced in October, 2021 to life in prison without chance of parole for the murder of his best friend more that two decades ago. (California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation via AP)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line139689"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5018298029899597,"wiki_prob":0.5018298029899597,"text":"Warning Letters: More Trouble, Less Solution!\nPatent and Utility Models\nBy Selin Sinem Erciyas and Maral Büyükkürkçü\nSending a warning letter is not a pre-condition to enforce patent rights as per Turkish Law. However, considering it is a cost-effective and fast way to solve disputes, patent owners may choose to send warning letters to perceived infringers.\nIn 2014, a global pharmaceutical company filed a patent infringement action against a Gx company asking the IP Court to request and examine the related evidence; namely, the marketing authorisation dossier of the Gx drug filed before the Ministry of Health (“MoH”), and to stop and prevent the infringement if so determined. Before filing the action, the patent owner requested the Gx company to provide the relevant characteristics of the Gx product to assess patent infringement. The Gx company did not comply with the request, and the patent owner requested the IP Court to examine the MA dossiers of the Gx product and assess the possible infringement. The patent infringement action against the Gx Company was rejected after the court expert panel examined the MA dossiers and concluded that the patent was not infringed upon.\nWhile the patent infringement action was ongoing, the patent owner sent a warning letter to the company manufacturing the potentially infringing products, i.e. another company than the Gx company, for the sole purpose of informing it of the ongoing legal action. As the act of manufacturing infringing products also constitutes patent infringement the patent owner explained the scope of protection of its patent, and why there may be a risk of patent infringement. After referring to the ongoing patent enforcement action against the Gx company, the patent owner requested the manufacturing company only “to watch out for the patent rights.” It is important to underline that the manufacturing company was not threatened, and it was not stated in the letter that there may be a court action if the patent rights are infringed upon. As well, the manufacturing company was not requested to cease manufacturing activities, nor to take any other action concerning the potentially infringing products.\nUpon receipt of the warning letter, the manufacturing company contacted the Gx company and requested information proving that the patent holder’s right was infringed. However, the Gx company did not respond to the manufacturing company. T Therefore the manufacturing company suspended its manufacturing process.\nAfter the finalization of the infringement action, in 2016, the Gx company filed an unfair competition action before the Commercial Court claiming moral and material damages against the patent owner, alleging that the manufacturing company ceased the production process due to the letter sent by the patent owner as the patent owner is also one of the customers of the manufacturing company and alleged that the patent owner implicitly caused the fact that the manufacturing company decided not to conduct business with it anymore unless the manufacturing of the Gx products ceased.\nIn its defence, the patent owner stated that the tone of the letter was appropriate and objective. The letter was limited to informing the manufacturing company of its patent rights, the risk of patent infringement, and the ongoing action, without any kind of threat. More importantly, the patent owner was driven by the Gx company to file a patent infringement action by the Gx company not informing it of the perceived infringing characteristics of the Gx product when requested, and the manufacturing company was driven to cease the manufacture of the Gx products by the Gx company, as no information was provided to them about the supposed infringement of the patent.\nReferring to case law from the European Courts, the patent owner explained to the Court that it was not negligent in the aspects of the wording, scope of recipients, and time of delivery when sending the letter. The patent owner emphasized the case law of the Madrid Courts that even if there is a threat in the warning letter that a lawsuit may be filed against the recipients, it cannot justify actions of unfair competition when the content of the letter is accurate.\nThe Commercial Court examined the evidence and determined that the content of the letter reflected the facts and, as of the date of the letter, it was not known if the Gx company was infringing upon the patent or not. The Commercial Court acknowledged that the tone and wording of the letter was accurate, and the Gx company did not provide any information to the manufacturing company about non-infringement actions; thus, the manufacturing company halted manufacturing pending the outcome of the court action.\nQuite surprisingly, and at conflict with these determinations, the Court evaluated that the patent owner made the manufacturing company believe that there was a patent infringement and, thus, the Gx company was acting contrary to the law, which led the manufacturing company to halt the production of the Gx products. Additionally, the Court considered that the patent owner filed a patent infringement action, although it should have known that the patent was not infringed upon. Consequently, the patent owner, in informing the manufacturing company of the ongoing action, should be deemed to have acted against the principle of integrity.\nConsequently, the Court decided that the act of sending a letter to the manufacturing company constitutes unfair competition and, therefore, the Gx company’s moral damages should be compensated. The court rejected the material damage claim of the Gx company, since it had not been solidified and proven.\nIn our view the Commercial Court’s decision is quite problematic since it was the Gx company that did not explain to the manufacturing company why it was not infringing upon the patent and, therefore, this led the manufacturing company to believe that it might be committing an illegal act. It is erroneous to blame the patent owner with creating a pejorative environment against the Gx company by filing a patent infringement action and informing relevant third parties of this action, as the patent owner had no other choice but to file a court action to have the patent infringement risk assessed. As well, there were no grounds to argue that the patent owner “should have known” of the (non-)infringement, as the characteristics of the Gx product may only be known by the Gx company.\nThe decision of the Commercial Court has been appealed before the District Court by both parties, and the appeal is ongoing.\nFirst published by Kluwer Patent Blog, in 13.05.2021\nIstanbul IP Court Reaches Landmark Decision on Precautionary Injunction\nPatent Rights on Vaccines: Looking For a Scapegoat For Vaccine Inequity\nPermanent Injunction on the Infringing Pharmaceutical Products on the NPP List","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1678416"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.884432852268219,"wiki_prob":0.884432852268219,"text":"Earl Robertson New York Americans 1939\nEarl Robertson, New York Americans, New York Americans History, 1939 New York Americans, Earl Cooper Robertson, 1939, 1939 Ishockey, 1939 Ice Hockey, 1939 Hokej, 1939 Hockey, 1939 Hockey Sur Glace, 1939 EisHockey, Antique Ice Hockey, Antique Hockey, 1937 Stanley Cup Champion, Springfield Indians History, Brooklyn Americans History, Detroit Red Wings History, Hollywood Stars History, Pittsburgh Hornets History, Windsor Bulldogs History, Edmonton Eskimos History, Oakland Sheiks History, Tacoma Tigers History, Vancouver Monarchs History, Regina Falcons History\nEarl Cooper \"Robbie\" Robertson - Born November 24, 1910 in Bengough, Saskatchewan – Died January 19, 1979 was a professional ice Hockey goaltender\nRobertson started out as a goalie with the Bengough Juniors, and then the Regina Falcons in 1925-26. A couple of seasons later, he went to the West Coas of Canadat to tend goal for the Vancouver Monarchs junior club and then turned pro with the Victoria Cubs of the PCHL in 1928-29.\nRobertson then joined the Tacoma Tigers of the PCHL in 1930-31. His stay with the club was short, however, as he headed south to play for the Oakland Sheiks and then the Hollywood Stars of the Cal-Pro League.\nIn 1932-33, Robertson returned to Canada to play goal for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Western Canada Hockey League / WCHL. There, he performed consistently with a respectable goals-against average during his two seasons with the club.\nFrom 1934 to 1936, Robertson played for the Windsor Bulldogs of the IAHL and seemed to only get better with experience. The Detroit Red Wings took notice of the goaltender's skills and purchased his rights from the Bulldogs. The Wings' brass tucked Robertson away with their minor-league affiliate the Pittsburgh Hornets for the start of the 1936-37 campaign. He put in a solid season and was rewarded with a shot in Detroit at the start of the playoffs. It must have been quite breathtaking for the netminder to progress from the Hollywood Stars to the Wings, and then play only six playoff games with a stingy 1.41 goals-against average, and was in net the day Detroit Red Wings won their third Stanley Cup in 1937.\nBut in spite of his success, Roberston was traded to the New York Americans shortly after the confetti from the victory parade had been swept up. The Amerks were a club that had their bright moments, but couldn't seem to get on track to win a championship. During his four seasons with the club, the Americans' fortunes only seemed to sag with time. By 1940-41, Robertson finished the season with a 6-22-8 record.\nIn 1941-42, his club became known as the Brooklyn Americans, but a change in name could do little to revive Robertson's fading career. He appeared in only 12 games before heading to the minors with the Springfield Indians where he retired with a winning record, closing out his career with 26 win's, 15 losses, 3 ties and 2 shutouts in 44 games.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line780473"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9326859712600708,"wiki_prob":0.9326859712600708,"text":"INDIANAPOLIS COLTS OWNER JIM IRSAY TO HOST ONE-NIGHT-ONLY EVENT IN AUSTIN SHOWCASING HISTORICAL ITEMS\nJim Irsay\nJim Irsay, owner & CEO of the NFL’s Indianapolis Colts, is bringing items from The Jim Irsay Collection – his renowned assemblage of historic and iconic artifacts from rock music, American history and pop culture – to Austin for a one-of-a-kind, invite-only reception showcasing Irsay’s passion for preser\nEric Clapton “The Lady in the Balcony: Lockdown Sessions”\nEric Clapton returns with a remarkable new release, Eric Clapton “The Lady In The Balcony: Lockdown Sessions” on November 12. Available via Mercury Studios on multiple formats, the 17 songs find Clapton and longtime bandmates Nathan East (Bass and Vocals), Steve Gadd (Drums) and Chris Stainton (Keyboards) performing acoustic renditions of Clapton standards and an assortment of other numbers encompassing blues, country and rarified originals.\nGeorge Harrison's Masterpiece, \"All Things Must Pass,\" Celebrated With Suite Of New 50th Anniversary Editions\nRecorded and released in the wake of The Beatles’ April 1970 dissolution, George Harrison’s landmark solo album, All Things Must Pass, is a fully realized statement by a bold and audacious artist.\nTEDESCHI TRUCKS BAND TO RELEASE LAYLA REVISITED (LIVE AT LOCKN’), FEATURING TREY ANASTASIO, JULY 16 ON FANTASY RECORDS\nLockn' Festival\nTrey Anastasio\nFantasy Records will release Tedeschi Trucks Band’s Layla Revisited (Live At LOCKN'), a one-off live recording of the seminal Derek & The Dominos album Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs, performed in its entirety with special guest Trey Anastasio.\nDaniel Santiago to release single featuring Eric Clapton in anticipation of upcoming album\nDaniel Santiago\nHighly acclaimed guitarist, composer, multi-instrumentalist and Heartcore Records artist Daniel Santiago releases “Open World” from his forthcoming album Song for Tomorrow, on March 12th 2020. A catchy and unique blend of Brazilian spirit and classic rock and funk “Open World” also prominently features the soaring guitar of modern music legend Eric Clapton.\nThe Last Waltz | Tower Theater | 11/15/19\nDon Was\nJohn Medeski\nLukas Nelson\nPaul Barrere\nJamey Johnson\nLet’s rewind to November 25, 1976, on Thanksgiving Eve. The iconic group, The Band, were joined by Eric Clapton, Neil Young, Joni Mitchell, Dr. John, to name a few. This was going to be the official “Farewell Show” in San Francisco (Winterland Ballroom) for the Canadian/American quintet: Helm/Danko/Robertson/Hudson/Manuel.\nERIC CLAPTON'S CROSSROADS GUITAR FESTIVAL TO BE STREAMED LIVE\nWidely considered one of the world's all-time greatest guitarists and known amongst his peers as a great collaborator, Eric Clapton will perform the fifth installment of his Crossroads Guitar Festival, on Friday, September 20, and Saturday, September 21 from the American Airlines Arena in Dallas, TX. Performances are available at 8 p.m. ET on Friday September 20th and 7 p.m. ET on Saturday, September 21st for a live worldwide HD Pay-Per-View on nugs.tv .\nGibson 'Eric Clapton 1964 Firebird I' Worldwide Premiere Announced Today\nBy acknowledging its iconic past and leaning into the innovative future, Gibson, the legitimate leader in professional instruments proudly presents the Eric Clapton 1964 Firebird I.\nThe Last Waltz Revisited ft. Polytoxic | Mystery Train | Boulder Theater | 11/16/18\nPolytoxic\nFlash Mountain Flood | Further On Up The Road | Boulder, CO | 12/31/17\nFlash Mountain Flood\nThe Fox Theatre - Boulder\nSubscribe to Eric Clapton","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line731234"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.616757869720459,"wiki_prob":0.616757869720459,"text":"Stratford-upon-Avon Decorative and Fine Arts Society\nSTRADFAS\nLectures 2021-22\nSpecial Interest Days\nCompleted – Capturing Real People Doing Real Things\n05/4/22 – Feisty Ladies\nPrevious Special Interest Days\nDay Visits\nCompleted – Rodmarton Manor & Selsley Church\nCompleted – Christmas “Virtual” Day Visit\n24/05/22 – Bath\n06/07/22 – Shropshire Churches\nPrevious Day Visits\nExtended Tours\n08-12/05/22 – KENT\n02-06/10/22 – BARCELONA\nPrevious Arts Tours\nCommunity Arts (Arts Volunteering)\nChurch Recorders\nHeritage Volunteers\nArts Online Sources\nPrevious Lectures: March 2016 – February 2017\nThe Bayeux Tapestry – Imogen Corrigan\nEmbroidered on linen cloth in only ten different colours, vibrant as when it was first made 900years ago, the Bayeux Tapestry tells the story of that most famous battle in English history -Hastings 1066. At nearly70 metres long, it is one of the supreme achievements of the Norman Romanesque. It reveals a moral tale of kings, chivalry and ambition, demonstrating that good cannot come to those who break their word. But who made it, where and why?\nMagyars and Gypsies: Liszt and the Hungarian National Style\nSpeaker: Dr. Rosamund Bartlett\nIn the 19th century Liszt was a celebrated composer and virtuoso pianist in Europe. Yet for many, he represented the soul of the Magyar people and was seen in Hungary as a national hero; his nineteen Hungarian Rhapsodies were wildly popular. But what exactly was Hungarian about them? And why did Liszt and other composers associate Hungarian music with gypsies?\nLeonardo the Scientist – Guy Rooker\nLeonardo da Vinci ( 1452-1519) may have painted the best-known portrait in the world but local residents may be surprised to learn that, closer to home, there is a model of his enormous crossbow design on display at the Armouries Museum in Stratford.\nLeonardo was the ultimate Renaissance Man – not only was he a painter and sculptor, but he was also an inventor, an engineer and an anatomist. Although he appears not to have attended school (he was left-handed and he wrote in mirror image) he insisted that Nature was his teacher. His career carried him between the cities of Florence, Milan and Rome, and with his genius quickly recognised, he was elected to the “Confraternity of Painters” at the early age of 20.\nSeveral outside influences changed his mode of painting: one was the early production of paper in Florence and a second was the invention of the printing press in Germany. Traditionally, 15th century painters used egg tempera, but Leonardo preferred working in oil. This suited his slow style of workmanship, as oil paint on paper can be repainted and improved on paper many times. He also pioneered the three-quarter style pose portraits, the use of chiaro-scuro (light and shade) and he experimented with the camera obscura with its pinhole lens.\nLeonardo took great interest in perspective, and his Last Supper in Milan, with its great depth created by the superb use of linear perspective, perfectly illustrates his genius. As we look at the Last Supper, our eyes are drawn to the four separate groups of disciples so that we become more aware of the narrative story. In the same painting, we pause to admire the exquisitely drawn hands of each apostle.\nHands, and indeed all anatomy, were a source of fascination to Leonardo. His famous diagram of the Vitruvian Man shows his great interest in the proportions of the body. He undertook many dissections on bodies he obtained from public hangings and maintained that he needed to dissect the anatomy to be able to paint it properly. His detailed diagrams included, as well as bones, the muscles, blood vessels and tendons of the anatomy. His painting “The Virgin on the Rocks” is another example of the superb depiction of the sitters’ hands.\nApart from his magnificent paintings, Leonardo found time to follow his scientific leanings. His wide-ranging interests included wind and water, and he completed many drawings of cascades (subsequently re-utilised in his depiction of women’s hair in complex ringlet styles). He was involved in plans to alter the flow of the River Arno in Florence and invented an instrument to measure the speed of wind. Other extraordinary inventions included war machines, an odometer to measure distance and machines using ball-bearings.\nLeonardo’s admirers will know of his fascination with flying, as his drawings and diagrams for a parachute, a heliopter and a hand-glider were precursors to our modern-day equipment.\nThe astute King Francois I of France invited Leonardo to spend his final years in the Chateau du Clos Luce near Amboise. Leonardo, now aged 64, travelled across the Alps on a mule with his retinue and some of his paintings – including the Mona Lisa. In the grounds of this chateau are reproductions of some of Leonardo’s most extraordinary inventions, including a flying machine, a wooden bridge, and a windmill, proving that this artistic genius was a scientific genius as well.\nMagnificent Mosaics – Windows into the Colourful Roman World – Christopher Bradley\nChristopher Bradley, a much-respected archaeologist and lecturer, took STRADFAS members this month on a virtual tour around the Mediterranean Sea, demonstrating how the Roman Empire stretched from the United Kingdom in the north across Europe and into Asia and Africa.Naturally the Romans learnt their craft from the Assyrians, the Phoenicians and the Greeks before them, and much can be learnt about the social life of Roman people – including their interests and culture, their dress, their ornaments and even their food – from their magnificent mosaics.\nDuring the Greek Empire, pebbles were used in floor pictures, but Roman workmen introduced tiny pieces of stone to create mosaics. A magnificent example is in Dougga, Tunisia, where a wall mosaic, showing a variety of fish in bright colours, was created around the sides of a plunge pool, and at Sabratha in Libya, there is a sign in blue and white mosaic, in perfect condition, proclaiming in Latin “bathing is good for you”, and surrounded by images of lamps and Roman sandals. Is this an early example of Government health advice\nNaturally the Romans learnt their craft from the Assyrians, the Phoenicians and the Greeks before them, and much can be learnt about the social life of Roman people – including their interests and culture, their dress, their ornaments and even their food – from their magnificent mosaics.~\nDuring the Greek Empire, pebbles were used in floor pictures, but Roman workmen introduced tiny pieces of stone to create mosaics. A magnificent example is in Dougga, Tunisia, where a wall mosaic, showing a variety of fish in bright colours, was created around the sides of a plunge pool, and at Sabratha in Libya, there is a sign in blue and white mosaic, in perfect condition, proclaiming in Latin “bathing is good for you”, and surrounded by images of lamps and Roman sandals. Is this an early example of Government health advice?\nGreek mythology influenced Roman subject matter and, again in Dougga, there is a spectacular mosaic of a scene from Homer’s Odyssey, where Ulysses is tied to the mast of a boat at sea. Even the music in this myth is represented by jagged lines in the sky.\nOf course, Pompeii abounds in wonderful examples, including a beautiful mosaic of different fish, including an easily-recognisable octopus, on the floor of a fishmonger’s shop. Another powerful mosaic here shows Alexander the Great on horseback winning the Battle of Issus over Darius III, completed about 100 BC. Mosaics are notoriously hard to date, apart from the ones at Pompeii when we know they were completed before 79AD!\nMosaics were always commissioned by wealthy patrons in the Roman world, and often entire families from poor backgrounds were involved in what was seen as a lowly profession. Children were particularly useful at this work as their small fingers could achieve greater precision with tiny pieces of tessera. ~At Leptis Magna in Libya, a mosaic shows “The four seasons” with four Gods depicted in panels representing grapes, roses, olives and wheat, reminding us that for the Roman world, north Africa was one of their main food suppliers.\nPowerhouse of the East: the British tradition, Modernism and Fine art in Singapore.\nSpeaker: Vivienne Laws\nWhat is the connection between the East India Company and the gibbons on a Singapore bank note? Viv Lawes answered this whilst giving a fascinating lecture on the history of the development of art in Singapore.\nSir Stamford Raffles, as an employee of The East India Company, helped establish a British colony on Singapore whilst setting up a permanent base for the company between China and the West. As Singapore became a centre of world trade, art developed there in three ways: through the institutional framework such as The National Museum of Singapore, the National University of Singapore and The National Gallery of Singapore Art, through academia and through marketing and how it is sold.\nArt which originated in the West was part British and part Western Modernism. British employees of The East India Company needed an education for the children of their employees, many of whom were Chinese, so art education was introduced through the Cambridge examination system. Richard Walker, who was a teacher and examiner of the Cambridge exam board, introduced art through his teaching and examining. He had a great influence on Chinese artists.\nThree strands of British art were identified. Firstly, topographical art which grew out of war and trade such as Singapore Town from Government Hill looking East c 1850 by J. Turnbull Thompson which would have been used to show the British Government the local landscape. Secondly she explained how watercolour was so much easier to use in such a hot climate as the paint was easier to carry than oils and it dried quicker. Thirdly, watercolours could be categorised into three types. One type was the meticulous use of water colour such as paintings by Paul Sandby 1731-1809. There were also artists such as Alexander Cozens who painted A Blot: Landscape Composition 1770-80 using the whole paper, it has less detail but shows light, dark, space and density. Nothing is hidden. Finally the Romantic artists such as Thomas Girton whose painting Near Bolton Abbey Yorkshire 1715-82 shows the power of nature with a tortured, suffering artist at work. These artists were gentlemen artists who could afford to paint for leisure. They would have been taught at The Royal Academy of Art.\nMeanwhile in China the traditional Chinese Ink Paintings of the Northern Song Dynasty were developing. Chinese ink is shiny and sticky and applied with an inverted tear drop shaped brush which ends in a single hair. This allows the brush to produce different calligraphic lines which allows the formation of different textures. There is no drying out or blobbiness on the silk or rice paper which was used as it absorbed the colour. So these Chinese traditions became combined with Impressionism through the influence of Richard Walker. A slide of Kusu Island with its soft palette and sharp sunshine showed us the beginnings of the fusion of the two painting styles.Lim Cheng Hoe‘s paintings are typical. However, there is a lack of background which is typical of Singapore Chinese paintings. There are often bursts of colour.\nCalligraphy is part of Chinese paintings such as Home Town by Chen Wen Tsi where the actual calligraphy looks like hanging petals. The calligraphy is poetic and is essential to the painting. There is sometimes a red seal on Chinese paintings which is part of composites by gentlemen Chinese painters.\nThe British Council encouraged the foundation of the Singapore Art Society co-founded by Richard Walker and Liu Kay through The Singapore Water Colour Society. It was born in order to expand Singapore art. The Nangyang School of Art, founded in the 1930’s ,fuses Chinese Ink painting with the Western Modern Movement. Its members were influenced by Gaugain who was perceived to be searching for Paradise. Among other influences were Picasso, Van Gogh and Cezanne. The final slides were of artist Jane Lee and one of her modern compositions called The Stack.\nViv then explained that through the numerous art fairs on the island and abroad Singapore is selling new and exciting art at very high prices! She commented that she is involved with the Saatchi Gallery in London as it is currently promoting art from China.\nThe answer to my question at the opening of this article is to be found on the Singapore 50 dollar note on which the painting of the gibbons shows the fusion of British watercolours and Chinese Ink Painting which may not have come about if it was not for the East India Company!\nSymbols, Emblems and Double-entendre in Dutch genre painting – Lynne Gibson\nLynne Gibson, an experienced freelance lecturer in the History of Art as well as a painter in her own right, ensured that after an hour everyone who attended her wonderful lecture viewed Dutch Paintings in an entirely different light! Her lecture entitled “Symbols, Emblems an Double Entendres in Dutch Paintings,” began by explaining that the wealthy Dutch Middle Class merchants of the middle 1600’s wanted to display their cultural credentials without reference to religious or baroque paintings. They wanted art which not only celebrated their everyday lives and landscapes but also sneered at those pretending to be what they were not.\nOne of the paintings, entitled Maid at The Window by Gerit Dou c 1660, illustrated the idea that a painting is like a window onto the world but Lynne Gibson argued that such paintings can also have hidden meanings in them showing a very different world. In the background there is a dutiful mother teaching her son and she is using emblem books to do this. Such books were popular amongst the Middle Classes. Each page had a picture, a poem and a motto on a particular theme. A popular theme was love. However, the saucy maid takes centre stage. She shows bare arms which was an unusual thing for her to do-it was considered a part of the body that was personal and private at that time. She is holding a jug pouring water and this could represent the female body. There is a frieze showing love and cupids. Beside her is a pot plant growing fruit – a hidden message signifying marriage and love. An imprisoned bird in a cage on a wall illustrates how a woman may be imprisoned by her lover who keeps her safe and protected from predatory men.\nWe saw a plethora of slides by artists such as Johannes Vermeer, Jan Steen and Gerard Ter Borch which also all seemed to have hidden meanings behind the main scenes. A Young Woman at her Toilet by Gerit Dou shows a woman in red, signifying one who was not entirely proper(a scarlet woman!). There is no chandelier in the room but a bird in a cage. There is an empty chair in the foreground, indicating someone is coming into the room. She is wearing pearls which were kept for best occasions and they can be associated with love. However, the maid is also wearing pearls and the mistress is allowing this, showing the viewer that she is mistress over a household where people are not behaving as they should!\nA painting by Jan Steen shows a lady donning red stockings so maybe she is a prostitute and is guilty of impetuous behaviour. There was an emblem book, which the Dutch of the time would have known, showing someone putting on stockings and it warns not to give in to animal instincts as this will lead to ruin! Her lap dog is lying on the bed. Dogs are associated with fidelity and marital love. A lap dog usually sits on a lady’s lap and is so close to her body that the dog reflects the innermost feelings of the lady. As the dog is asleep it maybe indicating she is waiting for someone. The kicked off shoes suggest impetuosity and the half filled chamber pot illustrates she is not a good housewife as a good one would always empty it and put it away! Such paintings at face value did not alarm or corrupt so could be displayed openly in homes.\nOysters, cats, dogs, plucked chickens, foot warmers, bed warmers, swords, pearls, virginals, picture tiles, empty wine glasses as well as glasses held at the rim were among the many objects which have hidden meanings.\n‘Thy Trembling Strings’ – Sarah Deere-Jones\nOn November 17 Sarah Deere- Jones enthralled the members of STRADFAS with her singing; playing, slides and lecture on the subject of the harp during the Regency period .She showed us a slide of guests attending Almack’s Club in London which was a fashionable place for the stars of the time to go to dance. Paine reduced all the music played there to a small booklet for the attendees to take home with them. Sarah then treated us to a short recital of three different dances from Paine of Almack’s Quadrilles adapted for the harp.\nShe explained that harps have ancient origins which go back to the time of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt and they have several different shapes. Early harps had no key changing ability but gradually, with the merging of the arts and science, foot pedals were added allowing key changes. Engineers such as James Watt and Benjamin Franklyn worked on the mechanics of the harp to allow for a greater range. A harp has over one hundred strings and with the introduction of the forchette by Sebastian Erard, sharps as well as flats and naturals could be played using thicker pedal boxes. Each of the seven pedal boxes has three positions.\nSarah then examined some social history by reminding us how ladies of the highest rank in the Regency period learnt to play the harp to display their accomplishments in order to attract marriage proposals! Harps are expensive and status symbols, so they were used to enable the ladies to not only look but sound beautiful! Young girls from wealthy families were given a musical education and were constantly pressurised to practise 4-6 hours a day. By 1814 bracing devices were invented to control their hands which were strapped to the keyboard!\nSarah quoted several times from Jane Austen which showed the importance of a lady being able to play the harp for her place in society. Lady Conygham, the Prince Regent’s mistress, was a harpist and in a letter to Cassandra Jane Austen commented on how fashionable it was to try to look like Lady Conyngham! By the early 19 century harps were built by craftsmen who painted and gilded them. Some were decorated with oil paintings and carvings. They were built for great houses so ladies sit by harps for portraits as a sign of great wealth and success. A woman was not allowed to show emotion and could not take the lead in getting to know a man so musical soirees were arranged when the man could approach her and compliment her. He may even offer to turn the music pages for her! Sarah then sang for us a Thomas Moore song called The Last Rose of Summer whilst accompanying herself on the harp. It was a charming, beautiful, mesmerizing performance which illustrated so well how a lady could have attracted a suitor in Regency times.\nAt the other end of the social scale, in Viggiani in Italy, poor children were apprenticed to a padrone who made them beg for money whilst the harp was being played. She cited horrendous stories of the treatment of these children; one was tied to a bed by harp strings for four days and nights! The residents of Viggiani made these harps but eventually this idea of using child labour went out of favour.\nMore literature was alluded to when she introduced the Aeolian harp which uses the wind blowing through the strings to create beautiful sounds. Shelley and Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote about this in poems such as Dejection an Ode and Ode to the West Wind in the late 18 century. She concluded by showing cartoons which poked fun at harp players and then she finished by playing a piece of ancient Irish music.\nArtists and their Muses – Alexandra Epps\nAlexandra Epps, a guide and lecturer from Tate Modern and Tate Britain began by defining a muse as “a person or personified force who is the source of inspiration for a creative artist.”She explored the muses of Rossetti, Rodin, Picasso and Stieglitz.\nRossetti’s muse, Elizabeth Siddall has been immortalised by Millais in his painting of her as Ophelia. As Rossetti became obsessed with her, she sat exclusively for him. In those times, red hair was seen as a sign of a witch or prostitute and could bring bad luck. However, such was Rossetti’s feelings for her that he painted her long red hair and showed her reading or resting but passive and distant. He was depersonalising her. Elizabeth’s own portrait of herself at the same time is someone of the real world, looking out at the audience. Rossetti and Elizabeth Siddall moved in together but did not marry and her portraits show her as becoming increasingly unwell. She became addicted to laudanum. Their relationship faltered and this is depicted in the triptych called Paola and Francesca da Rimini in 1855. Here, a couple is shown with a rose-signifying love-on the left but on the right hell is represented by a couple, one of whom is Dante, suggesting a doomed relationship. Siddall wanted to become an artist and sculpt in her own right and her state of mind is shown in her painting entitled The Ladies’ Lament of 1856.This shows women waiting for the return of their men who have been lost in a storm at sea. She paints herself as one of these women with her glorious long red hair looking very sad. On their honeymoon he paints a very unflattering view of their lives in How They Met Themselves where he is looking back, reflecting how his life was before they married. She becomes very ill and he paints her as the beautiful queen of hearts in Regina Cordium in 1866. However, he also took commissions for other ladies to be portrayed in the same way.Bocca Baciato depicts her as extremely attractive with her red hair, red lips and dress unbuttoned. There is a rose for love and an apple for temptation. Although this would have been considered shocking at the time it does show his love for her. She miscarried, became unstable and died of an overdose. However, he was also obsessed with Jane Morris, the wife of William Morris and in his painting Dante’s Dream in 1880 the lady has Siddall’s hair but Jane’s features!\nThe relationship between Rodin and his muse Camille Claudel is a story of love, art and self destruction. She actually changed the style of his work from the era when he depicted powerful physicality in sculptures such as The Thinker. She was employed as part of his team as a sculptress but modelled for him as well. In 1885 in L’Aurore, Rodin sculpted her face in smooth marble emerging from a textured marble block. He influenced her work as well and she sculpts him in 1889 in The Bust of Rodin which he loved! However, Rodin, too, had another love as he was living with his older housekeeper. Claudel became paranoid, they broke up and he depicts her in The Farewell in 1898 where her hands are covering her mouth either showing a kiss or a fond farewell. The Age of Maturity of 1898 illustrates this eternal triangle with a man in the middle between an older woman pulling him away. A break in his hand between the man and the younger woman symbolises the breakdown of their relationship. However, he did specify in his will that her work must be shown in his museum in Paris.\nPicasso and one of his muses Dora Maar was portrayed in tears many times. He saw “women as machines for suffering.”She was beautiful and it is her hands that he painted repeatedly. They met in a cafe where she was stabbing a knife between her fingers, frequently missing and drawing blood! He found this fascinating and even kept her blood stained gloves! She was a surrealist painter and photographer and Alex showed us how the styles of the two merged over time. This is illustrated in his masterpiece called Guernica of 1937, with its tones of black, white and grey. As Dora documented the creation of this masterpiece she became part of it. She has spiky hair, long fingernails and appears angular in every painting. In his portrait of her in 1937 her ear appears in the shape of a bee supposedly illustrating that he feeds on the nectar of her intellect. He paints her over 500 times but she is only smiling in two of them! However, at the same time, he too has another love; Marie Therese Walter. He paints her In Nude, Green Leaves and Bust in 1932 with sensuous curves, asleep and his initials enclosing her as if he is claiming ownership. She miscarries his baby and he paints a weeping woman with a dead child at this time. He shows her ear like a bee also, but this time he is feeding off her tears. Dora and Marie Therese actually fight over Picasso in his studio and in the end Dora Maar cannot take her life with Picasso anymore and she suffers a nervous breakdown, although she still paints today.\nAlex concluded with Stieglitz, the father of modern avant-garde photography in America. His photograph of Winter in 1907 in Fifth Avenue shows an impressionist style. O’Keefe was an unknown artist until he promoted her charcoal drawings. She found out that he was exhibiting her work in his New York Gallery without her permission and so she went there to find out why. He became enthralled with her and even though he was married, he photographed different parts of her body over 300 times. His work became more abstract and her work became more physical so that by the time she painted Radiation Building Night in New York their work is nearly the same, so great was their influence on one another. O’Keefe went onto become the mother of American Modernism with paintings such as Jimson Weed White Flower which made more money for her than any other woman painter! Alex concluded with showing us O’Keefe’s painting called View from a Plane Looking out on Clouds which illustrates that the sky is the limit today in terms of artistic inspiration! Muses can triumph!\nAmerica’s Realist Genius: the art of Edward Hopper – Eric Shanes\n‘A painter of gloomy paintings that don’t make us feel gloomy’.\nHopper helps us to recognise the loneliness which so often lies at the heart of sadness. Born in New York State in 1882, Hopper felt like an outsider. His paintings show how isolated life can be, echoing our own griefs. This realist painter shows his personal view of the American Dream in the 20th century.\nThe Queenes Pickture: Portraits of Elizabeth 1 – Dr. Gillian White\nGillian gallantly stepped in at the last minute to deliver this lecture because of the indisposition of the lecturer who had been booked.\nThese days we are familiar with the monarch through seeing her in situations based on reality. Realism in terms of a true likeness of Elizabeth 1 was of no consequence in those times. Her portraits were governed by symbolism and emblems. These symbols were illustrated by a panelling picture of Henry VIII 1543-1547 showing his “family.” Henry is in the centre, sitting down, under a canopy showing the royal arms, with HR VIII painted on it. His hand is placed on Edward Prince of Wales who would become Edward VI. The future of the monarchy is shown as male and at the centre. Jane Seymour is also in this picture even though by this time she was dead but she had produced the male heir so she is important enough to be included. Near the architectural columns at either side are the girls; Henry’s daughters, Mary on the left and Elizabeth on the right. They are in almost identical clothing, submissive and waiting to be instructed for their lives. The first portrait of Elizabeth on her own shows her as a 13 year old on the edge of an adult adventure in a fully enclosed interior as she has been quietly and protectively brought up. She is wearing a crimson gown illustrating her father’s wealth. There are pearls set in gold edging her bodice .She is wearing a ruby and diamond necklace. In a brooch are 3 pendant pearls which are symbols of purity. There is also a design in the shape of a cross showing she is a princess of a reformed religion. The diamonds are black as there was no technology then to bring out their lustre. She is holding a religious book with her finger in the page showing how Christian and scholarly she was. Behind her is a larger, blank book saying her story is still to be written.\nThe portrait of Elizabeth in 1600 aged 25 years at her coronation shows her, despite the problem of gender, as a resplendent monarch with an orb, sceptre, golden robes, ermine and a crown. Rubies, pearls and diamonds were set in gold and the gold, jewelled crown showing her semi divinity. The Hampden Portrait of Elizabeth by Steven van der Meulen reflects an expectation that she would marry. She had just survived smallpox, there was the possibility of civil war and there was pressure on her to name a successor. She is telling parliament she will marry if it is right for the country and she is resting on an empty golden chair, a symbol for her throne expressing her power and her willingness to share it with someone. The most important image is the tapestry foliage at the side indicating fruitfulness that she will in her own time be fruitful. The painting of Elizabeth and the Three Goddesses is painted when she is in a very different place. She is shown as strong, beautifully dressed with two ladies in waiting behind her. She carries a sceptre, wears her crown and holds the golden orb. On the other side of the painting Elizabeth is met by the goddesses Juno, the queen of all goddesses representing honourable matrimony, Athena in the centre representing a chaste, virgin and Venus with Cupid a symbol of physical love. The goddesses are offering her a choice of the three. The Elizabethans would have been familiar with the judgement of Paris where he is told to choose the greatest of these three and his prize is a golden apple, thus linking with Elizabeth holding the golden orb. Elizabeth us shown as greater as and even higher than them so the decision seem s to have been made that she will not marry and procreate. As she ages, the appearance of the masque of youth is shown in portraits. We were shown the Darnley Portrait of 1572 where she is resplendently dressed with a crown in the background, her face shows a cold severe masque. She will appear like this for the next 30 years in portraits, thus illustrating she has stopped the aging process so there is no need to worry about the succession. The Nicholas Hilliard Pelican Portrait of the queen is so called because of the jewelled pelican pendant in the centre on her dress over her heart. It is heavy in symbolism as it draws blood from its own body to feed its young, inferring that Elizabeth will nurture all her subjects and give her own life’ s blood for them. She is shown with the chalk white masque again. This is 16 century spin doctoring! The Phoenix portrait shows her in extremely rich clothing, the masque of youth and a Tudor rose with an enormous diamond. The phoenix in the centre is a useful symbol as it is reborn in fire for strength and leadership. This implies she will be forever young, strong and powerful.\nWe were shown other portraits echoing the themes of power, strength and eternal life with magnificent jewels. The Armada Portrait of 1588 by George Gower depicts Elizabeth sitting at the centre like a great spider seemingly controlling the elements of light and a tempest. Her power is now so great. The crown imperial orb is on her head and under her hand is a globe showing the Spanish defeat and the conquering of the Americas. The Ditchley Portrait by Marcus Gheeraerts shows her standing on the top of a map of England, like an oak tree. England is no longer great enough; she is an empress now as an armillary sphere hangs near her representing the entire universe. In The Rainbow Portrait Elizabeth is approaching 70 years old and is holding a rainbow inscribed with “Non sine sole iris” meaning there is no rainbow without the sun implying she is the sun, she is so great. Her dress is covered with ears and eyes indicating she sees and hears everything. On the sleeve is a bejewelled serpent showing wisdom. There is a great ruby heart symbolising that her intellect overrules her heart. She has put her feelings aside for the nation.\nYou can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. See also our Policies page for privacy information.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1126727"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5618609189987183,"wiki_prob":0.43813908100128174,"text":"Disaster Management (NIDM) Rules (2006)\nRules of Disaster Management by Ministry of Home Affairs, India.\nDisaster Management National Executive Committee Rules (2006)\nNational Executive Committee rules for Disaster Management by Ministry of Home Affairs, India.\nNotification of Disaster Management Rules (2006)\nNotification of Disaster Management Rules to be issued by Ministry of Home Affairs, India.\nNational Institute of Disaster Management Regulations (2006)\nNotification of institution for Disaster Management by Ministry of Home Affairs, India.\nOfficial Secret Act (1923)\nOfficial Secret Act of India (Hindi).\nTHE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT, 1923\nOfficial Secret Act of India (English).\nThe Armed Forces (Jammu and Kashmir) Special Powers Act (1990)\nAct to enable certain special powers to be conferred upon Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir.\nThe Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (1958)\nAct to enable certain special powers to be conferred upon Armed Forces in disturbed areas.\nThe Arms Act (1959)\nAn Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to arms and ammunition.\nThe Assam Rifles Act (2006)\nAn Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the governance of the Assam Rifles, for ensuring the security of the borders of India, Counter Insurgency Operations and to act in aid of civil authorities for the maintenance of the law and order.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line28093"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7659375071525574,"wiki_prob":0.7659375071525574,"text":"https://apnews.com/article/nyc-wire-ap-top-news-rand-paul-politics-ky-state-wire-1243716d74b24b8bbe44aac41087d891\nNYC Wire\nKY State Wire\nNY State Wire\nGOP Sen. Rand Paul slows bill to boost 9/11 victims fund\nBy MATTHEW DALYJuly 17, 2019 GMT\nU.S. Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-New York, speaks at the AARP Presidential Forum at the Waterfront Convention Center in Bettendorf, Iowa on Tuesday, July 16, 2019. (Olivia Sun/The Des Moines Register via AP)\nWASHINGTON (AP) — Republican Sen. Rand Paul on Wednesday blocked fast-track approval of a bipartisan bill that would ensure a victims’ compensation fund related to the Sept. 11 attacks never runs out of money.\nPaul objected to a request by Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., to approve the bill by unanimous consent.\nPaul, R-Ky., questioned the bill’s 70-year time frame and said any new spending should be offset by corresponding cuts. The government already faces a $22 trillion debt, a figure that grows every year, Paul said.\nThe Congressional Budget Office estimates the 9/11 bill would result in about $10.2 billion in additional compensation payments over 10 years, including more than $4 billion for claims already filed.\nGillibrand said 9/11 first responders and their families have had “enough of political games.” The legislation has 74 Senate co-sponsors, including Gillibrand, and easily passed the House last week.\nThe bill would extend though 2092 a victims compensation fund created after the 2001 terrorist attacks, essentially making it permanent. The $7.4 billion fund is rapidly being depleted, and administrators recently cut benefit payments by up to 70%.\n“Our 9/11 first responders and the entire nation are watching to see if this body actually cares ... about the men and women who answered the call of duty” after the attacks, Gillibrand said.\nAs the World Trade Center towers began to crumble that day, “there was one group of men and women — our heroes, the bravest among us — who ran the opposite way,” Gillibrand said. “They ran toward danger. They raced up towers. They went into harm’s way to answer the call of duty.”\nIn the months after the attacks, first responders cleaned up the aftermath, breathing in toxic air amid smoke, burning metal, crushed glass and electronics and other hazards.\n“These heroes have since had to quit doing the jobs they love, providing for the families they love because they’re too sick,” Gillibrand said. “They’ve had to give up their income. They’ve had to give up their dreams and their future. They’ve had to face the terrifying reality that they are actually going to die because of what they did on 9/11 and the months thereafter.”\nShe and Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer, also of New York, urged Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell to bring up the bill as soon as Thursday. McConnell, R-Ky., has agreed to call a vote before Congress goes on its August recess.\nSchumer, Gillibrand and Sen. Cory Gardner, R-Colo., want McConnell to bring up the bill as a stand-alone measure and not package it with other legislation such as a broad budget and debt deal that would stave off the likelihood of a government shutdown this fall.\n“The minute this bill hits the floor, it will pass,” Schumer said.\nDebate over the measure comes a month after comedian Jon Stewart sharply criticized Congress for failing to act. Stewart, a longtime advocate for 9/11 responders, said lawmakers were showing “disrespect” to first responders now suffering from respiratory ailments and other illnesses as a result of their recovery work at the former World Trade Center site in New York City.\nStewart called the sparse attendance at a June 11 House hearing “an embarrassment to the country and a stain on this institution.” He later targeted McConnell for slow-walking a previous version of the legislation and using it as a “political pawn” to get other things done.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1411011"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.991177499294281,"wiki_prob":0.991177499294281,"text":"Home News Asian child rights coalition calls for release of arrested Filipino rights advocate\nAsian child rights coalition calls for release of arrested Filipino rights advocate\nRights groups said Ujano “has always been in the public eye in the last three decades for her non-profit work\"\nJose Torres Jr.\nMaria Salome Crisostomo-Ujano (Photo courtesy of Karla Ujano)\nA regional coalition of child rights organizations called on Philippine authorities to release child rights and women’s rights leader Ma. Salome “Sally” Crisostomo-Ujano who was arrested on November 14 over charges of rebellion.\nIn a statement, the Child Rights Coalition Asia (CRC Asia) “strongly denounces” the arrest of Ujano who has been serving as national coordinator of the Philippines Against Child Trafficking since 2008.\nPACT is a member organization of the Civil Society Coalition on the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC Coalition), a member network of CRC Asia.\nThe group said that contrary to the claims of Philippine authorities that she has been hiding for more than 15 years, Ujano “has always been in the public eye in the last three decades for her non-profit work on protecting the rights of women and children.”\nFrom 1990 to 2007, at the time when the alleged charge of rebellion was filed, she was serving as the executive director of the Women’s Crisis Center, providing assistance and counseling to survivors of violence against women.\n“While doing so, she worked closely with the Philippine National Police Women and Child Protection Units and the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women, now known as the Philippine Commission on Women,” said the regional child rights group.\nIt said that as national coordinator of PACT, Ujano “strengthened the collaboration between civil society and government to protect children against child trafficking.”\nThe Philippine National Police, however, claimed that the arrest of Ujano was a result of lawful implementation of a warrant of arrest.\n“Let me emphasize that this arrest is, foremost, the result of a lawful implementation of a warrant of arrest issued by judicial authorities,” said newly appointed national police chief General Dionardo Carlos.\nThe police said Ujano was arrested by joint forces of local police units on Sunday, November 14 in Malolos City, Bulacan province, through a warrant of arrest issued by Judge Virgilio Alpajora of Lucena City for the crime of rebellion.\nThe warrant dated June 28, 2006, was issued almost 15 years ago and stemmed from the alleged involvement of Ujano in the ambush of two military personnel in Quezon Province in 2005.\nIn a Facebook post by Sally’s daughter, Karla said that the case was not valid because her mother was serving as executive director of Women’s Crisis Center in 2005.\nHuman rights group Karapatan said “nothing is more audacious than the [police] commending themselves for the unjust arrest of Ujano by reviving an old baseless charge, and labeling her as a most wanted person who has eluded arrest for 15 years.”\n“In fact, various organizations that she has worked for the last two decades attest that she has been active and present in the public eye all these years,” said Karapatan secretary general Cristina Palabay.\n“Common sense and justice must prevail,” said WomanHealth Philippines, a nongovernmental organization focusing on women’s rights. “We call for the immediate release of [Ujano] and an end to the harassment and persecution of women human rights defenders.”\nchild rights advocate","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1537086"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7457448840141296,"wiki_prob":0.25425511598587036,"text":"Taxpayers who find themselves in a loss-making position often intuitively assume that as long as they are not liable to pay tax due to the fact that they have an assessed loss, they would not be exposed to understatement penalties (‘USPs’).\nThis is not the case if one considers the detail of the provisions of the Tax Administration Act (‘the TAA’) that deal with USPs. These provisions were recently the subject of a tax court case heard in the Gauteng Tax Court (Case No 24674). This article briefly considers the relevant provisions of the TAA that underpin USPs. This is followed by an analysis of the views expressed in the Tax Court in the context of the imposition of USP where a taxpayer is in an assessed loss position.\nSARS must impose an USP in the event of an understatement by a taxpayer, except if it results from a bona fide inadvertent error. An understatement is defined as any prejudice to SARS or the fiscus as a result of, amongst others, failure to submit a return, an omission from or incorrect statement in a return.\nThe USP is calculated as the highest percentage from the penalty rate table in section 223(1) of the TAA multiplied by the shortfall. In the case of a taxpayer who finds itself in an assessed loss position, the shortfall is calculated as the difference between the amount of an assessed loss properly carried forward from the tax period to a succeeding tax period and the amount that would have been carried forward if the understatement were accepted, multiplied by the maximum tax rate that would have applied ignoring the assessed loss.\nBackground to the dispute\nThe taxpayer claimed less wear-and-tear (‘W&T’) allowances than it was entitled to in years of assessment prior to 2016. When it became aware of this fact, it claimed the W&T allowances that it failed to deduct in prior years as “catch-up” W&T allowances in the 2016 year of assessment. SARS disallowed this deduction on the basis that tax is an annual event and the taxpayer accepted it. The taxpayer disputed the USP that SARS imposed at a rate of 50%.\nJudgment and analysis\nThe judgment deals with a number of arguments raised by the taxpayer that I do not deal with in this article. The argument raised that is relevant to the focus of this article is that no USP can be levied unless there is prejudice to SARS or fiscus. There would be harm to SARS if it were out of pocket. It appears from paragraphs 16 and 17 of the judgment as if it was contended that since taxpayer was in an assessed loss position, and remained so after the adjustment by SARS, that SARS was not out of pocket and that there was no loss of the fiscus.\nCounsel for SARS argued that prejudice does not only refer to actual prejudice, but also includes prospective or potential prejudice. It based this on Wavelengths Construction CC v The Commissioner for the South African Revenue Service (Case No. 24622) where the court stated that “[a]ny prejudice is, in our view, wide enough to include the existence of a realisable that the mistake will hamper the ability of the Respondent to effectively and efficiently administer the provisions of the tax legislation and to perform in terms thereof by assessing and collecting taxes which are due”. Mabuse J agreed that the prejudice requirement was met in this case.\nA peculiar aspect of this case is that, unlike a taxpayer who deducted an amount that should never have been deducted, the taxpayer did not deduct more W&T allowances than it is entitled to on a cumulative basis (although on a year by year basis, it claimed the W&T allowances in the incorrect periods). There could possibly have been an argument that the since the balance of the assessed loss carried forward reflected the correct cumulative amount of W&T allowances SARS suffered no prejudice. It is not clear whether counsel for the taxpayer pursued this argument.\nJul 1, 2021 | Corporate and business tax\nTaxpayers may deduct an allowance for expenditure not yet incurred in the circumstances set out in section 24C of the Income Tax Act. This provision has been the subject of two disputes that proceeded to the Constitutional Court (‘CC’), which in itself is...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1375163"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8165590763092041,"wiki_prob":0.8165590763092041,"text":"Replays confined to All-Ireland finals\nTyrone captain Padraig Hampsey leads his team. ©INPHO/Tommy Dickson.\nThe All-Ireland football and hurling finals will be the only inter-county games where there will be a provision for replays in 2022.\nRTE is reporting that every other championship game next year will be decided on the day, meaning extra-time and penalty shootouts could become commonplace. With the GAA committed to a 25-week inter-county season, there is little or no wiggle room for games to be replayed.\nCollective inter-county training can resume on December 8 ahead of the return of the pre-season competitions which weren't played last season due to Covid. At last Saturday's Central Council meeting in Croke Park, it was agreed to stage the O'Byrne, McKenna and McGrath Cups and Connacht League (football) along with the Walsh and Kehoe Cups and Munster Hurling League in hurling.\nChallenge matches are also permitted from the start of January.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line506071"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6848446726799011,"wiki_prob":0.3151553273200989,"text":"Miles Franklin c1925\n[PX*D 250 (v.1), 80]\nMiles Franklin\nAnimals Literature Women\nFranklin, Miles\nThe life of Miles Franklin is a vital chapter in the story of Australian literature. While always a girl from the bush, for much of her life she called Sydney home.\nStella Maria Sarah Miles Franklin was an Australian writer and feminist. She established the Miles Franklin Literary Award for literature through a bequest on her death. It is awarded each year to a novel which is of the highest literary merit and presents Australian life in any of its phases. Her papers and diaries are held by the Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line116758"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8272207379341125,"wiki_prob":0.8272207379341125,"text":"Cartoonist voices his side, defends cartoon\nAt the University of Minnesota last week, an editorial cartoon I drew for The Minnesota Daily was attacked by a political action group, a reader and a group of University administrators as racist. The irony is, it was a cartoon attacking racism.\nI usually don’t respond to criticisms of my cartoons, but in this case, I’m sickened by the intellectual McCarthyism represented by the signatories of the Oct. 17 letter “Rage Continues Over Cartoon”. To imply that the official position of the University of Minnesota is to “no longer” publish “cartoons like this one” is a shameless display of intimidation bordering on censorship by administrators against student journalists.\nPerhaps the administrators’ own discomfiture over the exposed practice among their own cronies — not just in UW-Madison but also in at least one other university recently — of doctoring public relations literature to create a fake appearance of diversity on campus is what drove them to take this action. After all, this practice is a symptom of the lack of diversity on university campuses — a symptom of the institutional racism and classism that makes it impossible for many minorities to gain access to a college education.\nThe bully tactics deployed are anti-free speech, anti-art and an insult to the intelligence of the staff members and readers of the Daily. No wonder Spike Lee felt obligated to open his latest film, “Bamboozled,” with Webster’s definition of “satire.” Academic Stalinists like those who signed the letter have succeeded in infecting the population on and off campus with satirical illiteracy by demonizing anyone who disagrees with their particular prescription for curing the disease of racism in America — namely, censoring the incorporation of negative images from history into art which is designed to attack racism. It’s called satire, and it’s called historicism, and it’s not only equally valid as a strategy for combatting racism, but it’s more sophisticated and more effective.\nThe notion that repressing the display of a negative image will somehow magically end racism is naive and simple-minded to the extreme, and has been proven by history and by social psychological and communication research to do nothing but add fuel to the power of those images. Bem and Brehm’s work supporting the reactance theory in social psychology and the refutation half a century ago of the bullet theory of communication are relevant examples. George Orwell elucidated the naivete and fascist implications of this strategy in “1984.”\nI am embarrassed to be a graduate student at a university where this stale 1980s-style of political correctness is routinely yanked out of moth balls to attack anyone who might dissent from the letter writers’ shoddy anti-art mentality, and disappointed that no art or design or history or literature (or, for that matter, LOGIC) professor has come to the defense of using negative imagery in visual satire. However I am not surprised, as that is precisely the chilling effect that results from the kind of name-calling that was dealt out by this contingency.\nPete Wagner is a Daily political cartoonist and welcomes comments to [email protected] Send letters to the editor to [email protected]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line60571"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9941344857215881,"wiki_prob":0.9941344857215881,"text":"The \"Virtual Draft\"\nThe Human Village\nAbout PWH\nThe Minnesota 8\nThe play, \"Peace Crimes\"\nSpringboard for the Arts\nSee the Play\n\"Peace Crimes: The Minnesota 8 vs. the war\"\nat Rarig Center\nFeb 21-March 9th\nVeterans Letters Project\nVeterans Stories\nIntergenerational Dialogue\n\"Minnesota 8 Celebration\" - Recognition & Awards event\n****Star Tribune****\n\"Heartland Activists\"\nPeace and War in the Heartland\nPlay tells story of Vietnam War draft-board raiders\nEvents illustrate 'Minnesota 8,' other dissenters of the era\nBy Richard Chin\nrchin@pioneerpress.com.\nIf you want to relive — or learn about — the turbulent protest and dissent surrounding the war in Vietnam, you'll have plenty of chances over the next few weeks.\nLast weekend, the History Theatre in St. Paul, in collaboration with the University of Minnesota Theatre, opened its production of \"Peace Crimes: The Minnesota Eight vs. The War,\" about the arrest, trial and imprisonment of peace protesters who broke into draft-board offices throughout the state to destroy draft records in 1970.\nTwin Cities Public Television's Channel 17 will rebroadcast a program about the making of the play called \"Peace Crimes Backstage: The Mn 8,\" next month.\nAnd tonight, Daniel Ellsberg, the Vietnam-era government analyst turned peace activist, will be in town to talk about \"American Democracy in Dissent\" with University of Minnesota political science professor Larry Jacobs as part of the U's Great Conversations series.\nEllsberg, who testified during one of the Minnesota Eight trials and almost used the event to release the Pentagon Papers — the secret study of U.S. decision-making during the war — also was expected to attend the play.\nDuring the next few weeks, a project created by Minnesota Eight members called \"Peace and War in the Heartland\" will continue a series of talks and seminars and draft-lottery re-enactments at campuses, including Metro State University on Wednesday, St. Olaf College on Thursday and Saturday, the University of Wisconsin-River Falls on March 11 and the College of St. Catherine on March 13.\nRon Peluso, History Theatre artistic director, said \"Peace Crimes\" is the product of a nearly three-year process that began when Frank Kroncke, one of the Minnesota Eight, showed up in his office with a memoir of his experiences. Peluso thought it could be turned into a play about the price of protest.\n\"I felt it could be an interesting play because even though there's no draft today, there's some parallels with what's going on in the war in Iraq,\" Peluso said.\nBesides, the History Theatre had never done a play that focused on the Vietnam War, said Peluso, who narrowly missed being drafted himself.\n\"It took a lot of courage to stand up against the war,\" said Peluso, who directs the play. \"I don't think I had that courage.\"\nPeluso enlisted Los Angeles playwright Doris Baizley to come up with the script. She said the Minnesota Eight members she interviewed reminded her of the friends she had, including her boyfriend, who had volunteered to fight in Vietnam.\n\"I think it was because they were willing to pay the price\" of fighting for what they believed in, Baizley said.\nTwin Cities Public Television executive Tom Trow said the actions of the draft-board raiders personally benefited him.\nHe received his induction notice in 1970, but instead of reporting for his 6:30 a.m. physical, he slept in because he had decided to flee to Canada. He woke to read a newspaper story about a draft-board raid that apparently destroyed his records.\n\"Nothing ever happened to me,\" he said.\nPeluso said most of the cast of the play — which includes 13 University of Minnesota students — weren't alive when the Minnesota Eight were convicted and sentenced to five years in federal prison. Many of their parents weren't even old enough to have been drafted.\nBut members of the Minnesota Eight say their experiences are still relevant.\n\"There were all these lies about Vietnam, just as there are all these lies a\nKroncke, 63, of St. Paul, said he could easily see the draft being reinstated.\n\"We are so draft-ready.\nPerformances of the History Theatre and the University of Minnesota Theatre \"Peace Crimes: The Minnesota Eight vs. the War\" runs through March 9 at the University of Minnesota Rarig Center, 330 21st Ave. S., Minneapolis. For more information, see historytheatre.com or call 651-292-4323.\nThe University Minnesota Great Conversations program \"American Democracy in Dissent,\" with Daniel Ellsberg and Larry Jacobs, is at 7:30 p.m. today at the Ted Mann Concert Hall, 2128 4th St. S., Minneapolis. See www.cce.umn.edu/conversations/ or call 612-624-4000.\n\"Peace Crimes Backstage\" will be aired on the Minnesota Channel at 7 p.m. Saturday and at 1 p.m. Sunday. The Minnesota Channel can be found on Channel 243 on St. Paul Comcast and Channel 202 on Minneapolis Comcast.\nMore information about Peace and War in the Heartland Project events is available at pwh-mn.org.\nALERT! ALERT! ALERT! ALERT! ALERT!\nThe military Selective Service Draft has been activated!\nWhat is your Lottery number? Click here to find out.\nCopyright © 2007 FXKroncke. All Rights Reserved.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line157"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9138708114624023,"wiki_prob":0.9138708114624023,"text":"Top 5 Active Tennis Stars Who Could Become Brilliant Coach\nThe tennis world has seen lot of great tennis stars gone down the route of appointing legendary ex players as coaches. However it’s an approach that has mixed results because not every legendary tennis players necessarily make a good coach.\nApparently, there is a swing in the tennis world that enables players to hire former stars as coach. We’ve seen Ivan Lendl, Amelie Mauresmo tutored Andy Murray to the pinnacle of his career and a host of other legends who achieved mouthwatering success as a coach.\nHowever some players who enjoyed an illustrious career may find coaching job very tasking and difficult, while some would perform immensely in the act of tutoring, mentoring, coaching and even work as a psychology for their charge.\nlet’s chronicle active tennis stars who could become a brilliant and vibrant coach.\nRafael Nadal – (Spain)\nNadal’s attention to his health and preparation for tournaments could make him a brilliant coach. The Spaniard has impeccable work ethic and a very good fitness regimen that helps him to be in top shape for the big competitions, as such if he choose the route of tutoring other youngster as a coach all of these would prove valuable for him and his player.\nNadal’s friendly approach to his coaching team could groom him into becoming an easy manager to work with. Meanwhile been a multiple Grand Slam winner which comes with great experience, could also prove valuable in nurturing his player to the pinnacle of their career.\nThe Spaniard also has the mentality of competitiveness in him, that could also help in reducing uncertainty in a player career with a more comprehensive analysis of the game on court from a legend like him.\nWith all of that, he could be just the right coach for a youngster struggling to break to the top.\nApparently, coaching requires patience and ability to impact impeccable technique into younger players. Without mincing word, looking at the illustrious career of the world number two he does possess the qualities to become a great coach.\nNovak Djokovic – (Serbia)\nGreat coaches help younger player to maximize their own talent, having said that the Serbian star his one great player that could become a top manager based on his experience and quality as a player should he take the route just like others.\nNovak is known to be a player who pay attention to details and preparation, undoubtedly that alone could make him an excellent tennis coach if he decides to venture into coaching after retirement.\nFor every top professionals work ethic is one aspect of every profession that is very key, so in that regard the Serbian has what is believed to be a tremendous work ethic which would help him achieve success as a coach.\nObviously not every player considered a great player has the temperament it takes to become a great coach. However with Novak’s jovial attitude and dogged approach to things, that should make him a top coach in the future plus his wealth of experience as a player.\nRoger Federer – (Switzerland)\nThe Swiss old war horse been one of the tennis player who has enjoyed lot of empathy and respect from the world of tennis for over two decade now.\nRoger may not be the talk of the town now, but his undoubtedly one of the finest tennis player the world has seen grace the courts with his mind-blowing talent.\nWith his meekness and the in-depth knowledge of the game Roger would make a good coach for a player who wants to breakthrough, and wants to compete with the best. His years of experience and having toed the same path before would prove important in nurturing a player who wants to learn under his tutelage.\nIt’s very hard to keep working on a player who isn’t ready to leave the baseline and move to the top.\nHowever, Roger knows what it takes to nurture a player into becoming a superstar having worked with the Australian Peter Carter in his younger days before he died in a car accident while on his honeymoon, a year before Federer won his first major silverware at Wimbledon.\nRoger would fit in perfectly as a coach with the sound instructions he has also garnered over the years from his coaches, plus been an experience player all of that would work in his favor in helping younger player to breakout of the baseline and move to the top.\nREAD ALSO: The Best 5 Male Tennis Coaches From 2010-2021\nAndy Murray – (Scotland)\nAndy Murray have also been impacted by lot of great players who mentored and tutored him into becoming arguably the finest British tennis player ever.\nHaving said so, choosing to become a coach and also give back to the youngster wouldn’t be a bad idea after all.\nAs a player the Briton his known for his physical hard work on the court, which got him into the top 5 best players in the world.\nSo been a very hard-working player, should Murray becomes a coach hard work is undoubtedly one of the technique he would love his player to imbibe.\nFor every professional tennis player, it’s very important to have an impressive backhand, first serve, slice backhand, on the run passing shot, and a good defense.\nAll of these are the impeccable strength of Murray as a player and as a coach these are some of the things he would want his player to posses as his strengths.\nCoaching as a matter of fact requires patience and focus, Murray may not posses the patience quality like others.\nHowever he’s got what could bail him out in difficult moments as a coach which is the ability to understand and focus on what could cause difficulties for his player, having learnt a lot from all of his coaches especially Amelie Mauresmo in difficult time.\nJuan Martin Del Potro – (Argentina)\nMartin in his best form on the court, his definitely the kind of player that could get an opponent coaching team feel discomfort in their box, causes lot of head scratching in the stand, and a downturn eyes for his opponent fann.\nThe Argentine his well renowned for his forehand which is the biggest strength of he’s, which has broke open lot of points for him.\nThe former US Open Champion has fall victim to lot of injury setbacks in his career, which has deterred him in reaching the potential he showed as a younger player.\nHowever, the Argentine would no doubt comfortably sit among some of best players on the court without any qualms.\nShould Juan Martin Del Potro become a coach, one of the thing he would like to pay more attention to is the health of his player.\nLooking back at his career he didn’t quite enjoy an injury free career, so in that case he would be interested in focusing more on the health of his player for him to compete with good and healthy form.\nIt doesn’t necessarily mean the Argentine would become a great coach, but been a decent player he might wants to put his experience into working as coach.\nAs the work of every coach is to help player maximize his or her talent, Martin would fit into the that position as a coach should he venture into the trend of ex players becoming a coach.\nTags: AUSTRALIAN OPEN, DJOKOVIC, RAFEAL NADAL, Roger Federer, Tennis\nSporting Events Involving Nigeria In 2021\nUnbelievable: These 5 Nigerian Stars Never Played At The World Cup","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line212472"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5643864274024963,"wiki_prob":0.5643864274024963,"text":"Air pollution costs $2.9 trillion a year: NGO\nby Marlowe Hood\nParticles thrown off by fossil fuel use account for 4.5 million premature deaths each year around the globe, with 1.8 million of those deaths in China and a million in India\nThe global cost of air pollution caused by fossil fuels is $8 billion a day, or roughly 3.3 percent of the entire world's economic output, an environmental research group said on Wednesday.\nThe report from the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) and Greenpeace Southeast Asia is the first to assess the global cost of air pollution specifically from burning oil, gas and coal.\n\"We found that the China Mainland, the United States and India bear the highest costs from fossil fuel air pollution worldwide, an estimated $900 billion, $600 billion and $150 billion per year, respectively,\" the report said.\nParticles thrown off by fossil fuel usage account for 4.5 million premature deaths each year around the globe, including 1.8 million in China and a million in India, the researchers found.\nThe new figure is in line with World Health Organization (WHO) estimates of 4.2 million deaths each year linked to ground-level air pollution, mostly from heart disease, stroke, lung cancer and acute respiratory infections in children.\nLiving in the New Delhi area of India is like smoking 10 cigarettes a day, earlier research has shown.\n\"Air pollution from fossil fuels is a threat to our health and our economies that takes millions of lives and costs us trillions of dollars,\" said Minwoo Son, clean air campaigner at Greenpeace East Asia.\nThe global cost for 2018 was $2.9 trillion, the report estimated.\nGraphic charting the financial cost and the cost in human lives of global fossil fuel air pollution, according to data released by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air and Greenpeace Southeast Asia.\n\"But this is a problem that we know how to solve: by transitioning to renewable energy sources, phasing out diesel and petrol cars, and building public transport.\"\nThe 44-page report breaks down the global burden of fossil fuel-driven air pollution—measured in economic costs and premature deaths—by type of pollutant and by country.\nEach year the global economy takes a $350 billion hit from nitrogen dioxide (NO2)—a byproduct of fossil fuel combustion in vehicles and power plants—and a further $380 billion hit from ozone, according to middle-ground estimates.\nDeep into the lungs\nBy far the most costly pollutant is microscopic fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), which accounts for more than two trillion dollars per year in damages, measured in health impacts, missed work days and years lost to premature death.\nThe global breakdown for premature deaths each year was 500,000 for NO2, one million for ozone, and three million for PM 2.5.\nSome 40,000 children die every year before their fifth birthday due to PM 2.5, which also leads to two million preterm births annually and twice as many cases of asthma.\nPM 2.5 particles penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, causing cardiovascular respiratory problems. In 2013, the WHO classified it as a cancer-causing agent.\nGlobally, air pollution accounts for 29 percent of all deaths and disease from lung cancer\nMiddle-range estimates of the number of premature deaths stemming from fossil fuel pollution include 398,000 for the European Union, 230,000 for the United States, 96,000 for Bangladesh, and 44,000 for Indonesia.\nAmong countries taking the biggest economic hit each year are China ($900 billion), the United States ($610 bn), India ($150 bn), Germany ($140 bn), Japan ($130 bn), Russia ($68 bn) and Britain ($66 bn).\nGlobally, air pollution accounts for 29 percent of all deaths and disease from lung cancer, 17 percent from acute lower respiratory infection, and a quarter from stroke and heart disease, according to the WHO.\nAir pollution is a focal point of social discontent in some parts of the world, leading some experts to speculate that it could drive a more rapid drawdown of fossil fuel use.\n\"Are we approaching a tipping point where it will no longer be acceptable to shorten the lives of people with fossil fuel pollution?\" Johan Rockstrom, head of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, told AFP.\nThe new report used global datasets for surface-level concentrations of the three main pollutants analysed, and then calculated health and cost impacts for 2018.\nEstimates of PM 2.5 and NO2 concentrations were based on Earth observation instruments on two NASA satellites that monitor aerosols in the atmosphere.\nDeaths, years of life lost and years lived with disability due to PM 2.5 exposure are drawn from the Global Burden of Disease, published in 2018 by PNAS.\nIndia leads world in pollution linked deaths: study\nRapid global shift to renewable energies can save millions of lives\nEuropean urbanites breathing highly polluted air: report\nNew obstacles ahead in China's pollution fight: report\nNearly 50% of transport pollution deaths linked to diesel: study\nCountries with the highest pollution deaths, mortality rates\nPeruvian gold rush turns pristine rainforests into heavily polluted mercury sinks\nRadiocarbon dating from prehistoric cemetery reveals human stress caused by global cooling event 8,200 years ago\nScientists find the climate and health impacts of natural gas stoves are greater than previously thought\nDecreasing development on forest and agricultural land partly driven by gas prices, study finds\nHow carbon labels can aid in the fight against climate change\nLiving near or downwind of unconventional oil and gas development linked with increased risk of early death\nClouds in the southern hemisphere more precisely understood","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1612156"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7344293594360352,"wiki_prob":0.26557064056396484,"text":"Youth Participation in EU Elections is Falling: Differences across Member States\n5 October 2016 26 July 2018\nDoru Frantescu\nby Doru Frantescu\nDirector at VoteWatch\nData from the last European elections shows a sharp decrease in the turnout of young people voting. Even more worryingly, the gap between the participation of the oldest generation and the youngest one is widening. While an opposite trend can be observed in some of the Member States such as Sweden, Italy and Greece, the overall issue of youth participation in EU elections should be addressed.\nPolls show that a majority of the youth trust EU institutions. On the other hand, the low level of interest of young people for the European elections only creates a new paradox of old habits. As little as 27.8% of the youngest generation (18-24 years old) voted for their MEPs in 2014. Moreover, the large gap between the participation of the youngest and the oldest age groups is striking, to say the least – a valid source of concern for the European institutions. In fact, as young people hold more positive attitudes towards the EU than older generations, their absence at the polling stations actually rewards parties that are more critical of EU integration.\nNext door, a high level of dissatisfaction of young people is also observed in the United Kingdom…\nSome examples can shed light on this difference. The first map shows that, in Ireland, there was a gap of 55 percentage points between the turnout of the youth (18-24 year-olds) and older generation (55+) in 2014. Next door, a high level of dissatisfaction of young people is also observed in the United Kingdom, as less than 20% of young people exercised their right to vote over the last European elections. On the other hand, over 50 percent of the elderly went to the British polling stations. When it comes to the national elections, however, this gap is much lower, as in the case in Ireland, where more than 75% of Irish youth voted.\nThis pattern holds for almost every European country, with the notable exception of Sweden, and, of course, those countries where voting is mandatory: Luxembourg and Belgium. In fact, in the last European elections, many more young Swedes showed up in comparison to their older counterparts (a positive difference of 17%). Furthermore, millennials were the most participative age group. Such a difference is even more striking when the figure is compared to the estimates of participation by age for the national elections. In the same year, 2014, fewer young Swedes (81.3%) voted in the national elections than the national average (85.8%). This difference might partially account for the different electoral results of Swedish political parties in European and national elections, as smaller left-wing parties (such as the Feminist Initiative) performed better at the European elections than at the national ones.\nIf one compares the results of the European elections of 2014 to 2009, paradox strikes again. Not only was there an overall sharp decrease in youth electoral participation, but a further widening of the generational gap. As is shown by the second map, there is an overall increase in the gap between the older and the younger age group, although in the case of Sweden its direction is reversed, with the younger demographic now participating more than the elderly.\nThe case of Sweden is not isolated. It rather stands as the start of a pattern which can be also seen in countries struck by austerity, such as Greece and Italy, where more young voters participated in the European elections, while the level of abstention increased among the older generation. Italy is one of the most prominent cases of a reduction in the participation gap between the two generations.\nThe crisis of the Eurozone and the heated debates on austerity measures show just how deeply the decisions taken at the EU level affect the daily lives of its citizens.\nThis trend does not hold in the case of Cyprus and Portugal, where youth participation fell dramatically in 2014. Specific factors related to the different political systems in these countries account for this difference, such as the absence of strong left wing anti-establishment parties, able to capitalise on the disaffection of young voters towards austerity policies.\nThe crisis of the Eurozone and the heated debates on austerity measures show just how deeply the decisions taken at the EU level affect the daily lives of its citizens. This is arguably what could have spurred the desire of young Spanish and Italians to change. After all, young people are the most affected by the rise in the unemployment level in Southern Europe. Time will tell if these patterns will last. One thing is certain: the Union needs its youth back – its opinions, ideas and energy, in order to stay strong.\nIn partnership with VoteWatch Europe.\nfocus Next LeftEurope Elections Millennials\nWhy Ireland’s low tax policy has survived for so long\n2 December 2019 17 December 2019\nSince the late 1950s, Irish governments support foreign investment, and the utilisation of tax and other means in the pursuit of this policy\nDebates focus Next Economy the magInequalities taxation\nReforming tax policy: a European fight!\nDavid Rinaldi\nMargit Schratzenstaller\n2 December 2019 2 December 2019\nSmart taxation: making the economy more social and environment-friendly, and ensuring compatibility with the EU single market.\nGlobal tax injustice: what are the solutions?\nAntonio Gambini\nThe growing tax injustice is not limited to the taxation of individuals, it also concerns companies.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line128236"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6681114435195923,"wiki_prob":0.3318885564804077,"text":"Police: New charges for man who held woman captive\nDELAND, Fla. (AP) - Florida authorities say a woman who was beaten and held captive for two days at gunpoint by her boyfriend escaped when she convinced him bring their dog to an animal hospital - and then slipped a note to a staff member.\nThe Volusia County Sheriff's Office says 39-year-old Jeremy Floyd was arrested at DeLand Animal Hospital. He is being held without bond on domestic violence and other charges.\nThe report says Floyd beat the woman Wednesday and refused to let her leave their home. Two days later, she convinced Floyd to let her take their dog to a veterinarian, although he wouldn't let her go alone.\nThe Sheriff's Office on Wednesday added a stalking charge against Floyd, accused of violating pretrial release conditions in this case, specifically the condition prohibiting contact with the victim. The victim reported Floyd contacted her from jail 15 times on Saturday, 17 times on Sunday, and 15 times on Monday.\n\"A check of the Volusia County Branch Jail phone system confirmed Floyd used his inmate number to call the victim at least 16 times over that timeframe,\" said Andrew Gant with the Sheriff's Office. \"He left a voicemail stating: 'I understand you’re upset with me. I’m sorry, I know you’re upset with me, and I apologize about what I did to you. I’ll make it up to you. I apologize and I love you.'\"\nFloyd remains held at the Branch Jail on $57,000 bond on his previous charges and no bond allowed on the pre-trial condition violation.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line113053"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6049309372901917,"wiki_prob":0.6049309372901917,"text":"Timeless season 2 episode 9 review: Is Jessica really with Rittenhouse?\nTimeless, Timeless season 2 review\t May 14, 2018\nOn Timeless season 2 episode 9 Sunday night, the two-part finale ended with one of its most dramatic reveals of the entire season: Jessica seems to be a fairly active part of Rittenhouse. It’s not so much her being an unknowing participant. Judging from her getting in the Lifeboat with a gun in tow, she certainly seems like she knows precisely what she is doing.\nAs you would imagine at the moment, this is a problem — especially since it could also have some big implications for Jiya. Her prophecies are a big problem for Rittenhouse and it makes some sense that they would want to extract her from the bunker.\nWhose fault is all of this, really? Well, this is where things get troubling for Wyatt. It was him who refused to take Jessica away from the bunker and with that in mind, she was able to execute the next phase of her plan. We don’t blame him given that he loved Jessica and remembered a specific iteration of her from his past; it was hard for him to really understand how she could be different, even if he was warned by Agent Christopher to get her away from the Lifeboat prior to the mission at the heart of the story.\nFor those who love history, we imagine that you very much enjoyed getting to see the show’s version of Harriet Tubman in the past. This whole story was Timeless as we know and love it, as the focus was placed heavily on one of history’s greatest underdogs and everything that they did in order to change history. The problem of course for Tubman on the show was that Rittenhouse was making some of her struggles so much worse.\nThe issue for Rittenhouse\nAs it turns out, there were also some problems behind the scenes for the group as Carol and Emma continue to jostle for power. As of right now it feels like Carol is the person who has most of the power over Emma, and she is doing everything that she can in order to bring forward the whole “family” aspect of Rittenhouse.\nRelated – Check out more news on the show, including some of the latest on the renewal effort\nCarterMatt Verdict\nBasically, this was an epic episode of the show with a huge twist at the end of the hour — and it was thoroughly entertaining the entire time. If you love Timeless and want to see the show back for more, this is a good example as to why it should return.\nOne other character we’d love to explore more is Stanley the pilot, given the history that he has with Connor Mason and, to go along with it, some of what has transpired with him over time.\nWhat do you think about Timeless season 2 episode 9 overall? Be sure to share right away in the comments!\nMeanwhile, be sure to like CarterMatt on Facebook for some other news, reviews, and some additional insight now when it comes to the series. That is also where you can discuss the series more with other viewers. (Photo: NBC.)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1725906"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5853039026260376,"wiki_prob":0.5853039026260376,"text":"The E-mail Negotiation, the “Unauthorized Practice of Law” and the Private Admonition\nThis post examines an opinion from the Supreme Court of Minnesota, sitting in its capacity as the institution that is responsible for enforcing the Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct, which you can access here. In re Charges of Unprofessional Conduct in Panel File No. 39302, 2016 WL 4536594 (2016) (per curiam) (hereinafter, “In re Charges, supra”). The Supreme Court does not, either in the title of the opinion or in its text, identify the lawyer at issue by name, which is not uncommon. In re Charges, supra.\nThe Court begins the opinion by explaining that the\nDirector of the Office of Lawyers Professional Responsibility (the Director) issued a private admonition to appellant for engaging in the unauthorized practice of law in Minnesota. Appellant demanded that the Director present the charge to a Panel of the Lawyers Professional Responsibility Board (the Panel). Following an evidentiary hearing, the Panel affirmed the Director's admonition, finding that appellant had engaged in the unauthorized practice of law in Minnesota, in violation of Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a), and that the misconduct was isolated and non-serious. Appellant filed a notice of appeal, contesting the Panel's determination that his conduct violated Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5. See Rule 9(m), Rules on Lawyers Professional Responsibility. (RLPR).\nWe hold that engaging in e-mail communications with people in Minnesota may constitute the unauthorized practice of law in Minnesota, in violation of Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a), even if the lawyer is not physically present in Minnesota. The Panel's finding that appellant engaged in the unauthorized practice of law in Minnesota, in violation of Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a), was not clearly erroneous. Appellant represented a Minnesota couple with respect to a Minnesota judgment and attempted to negotiate, via e-mail, the satisfaction of that judgment with a Minnesota lawyer, and was not authorized to practice law in Minnesota temporarily. . . .\nIn re Charges, supra. You can access the Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct here.\nThe opinion goes on to explain that\n[a]ppellant is an attorney licensed to practice law in the state of Colorado, where he maintains an office and has been practicing environmental law since 1986. He has also practiced personal injury law for approximately 7 years. Part of his litigation practice includes debt collection. Appellant is admitted to practice law in New York, Florida, and Alaska, but is currently on inactive status in those states. Appellant is also admitted to practice in federal court in the District of Colorado, the District of Alaska, the Southern and Western Districts of New York, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth and Tenth Circuits. Appellant is not licensed to practice law in Minnesota.\nIn re Charges, supra.\nThe opinion then goes on to outline the facts involved in this proceeding:\nAppellant's mother- and father-in-law live in Minnesota. They contacted appellant in May 2014 to obtain assistance regarding a judgment entered against them in conciliation court in Minnesota for $2,368.13 in favor of their condominium association, Voyager Condominium Homeowners' Association, Inc. (VCHA). The couple told appellant that VCHA's attorney, D.R., a Minnesota-based lawyer and the complainant in this case, was harassing them with telephone calls attempting to collect on the judgment. The couple asked appellant for his assistance in negotiating with D.R. regarding payment of the outstanding judgment.\nAppellant sent an e-mail to D.R. in late May 2014, informing D.R. that he was representing his in-laws and instructing D.R. to direct all future communications to him instead. Appellant and D.R. exchanged approximately two dozen e-mails between May 2014 and September 2014. In his first responsive e-mail to appellant, D.R. asked whether appellant was licensed to practice law in Minnesota. Appellant replied that he was not licensed in Minnesota and that if he needed to file suit in Minnesota he would hire local counsel. The subsequent e-mails consisted of discussions regarding the in-laws' assets and ability to pay and whether the VCHA judgment would have priority in a foreclosure sale. Appellant attached financial disclosure forms to one of his e-mails and made a settlement offer.\nIn the penultimate e-mail exchange between the two attorneys, D.R. asserted that appellant was engaging in the unauthorized practice of law because he was not licensed in Minnesota. The final e-mail prior to D.R. filing an ethics complaint was a settlement proposal from appellant to D.R. on that same day. The Director received D.R.'s ethics complaint in October 2014. Approximately 2 months after filing the complaint, D.R. sent additional e-mails to appellant to determine whether the settlement offer was still available and whether appellant still represented his in-laws. Appellant did not respond to the subsequent e-mails and had no further involvement in the case.\nIn re Charges, supra. The opinion then goes on to explain that\n[n]othing in the record shows that appellant researched whether his activities constituted the unauthorized practice of law under the Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct. When asked by the Panel at the evidentiary hearing whether he researched the rules in Minnesota, appellant said that he did not recall. Appellant admitted that he had not researched Minnesota law on foreclosure and how it would apply to his in-laws' case. Appellant also admitted that when he considered the relevant law and the rules of professional conduct, he was more familiar with the laws and rules in Colorado.\nThe Panel affirmed the Director's admonition, finding that clear and convincing evidence demonstrated a violation of Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a). See Rule 9(j)(1)(iii), RLPR. The Panel found that appellant `is not licensed in Minnesota. . . .He is licensed in Colorado.... He was—although maybe not paid, he certainly has held out the fact that he represented clients, which regardless of whether they're related or not, he did represent them, admitted to representing them in a purely Minnesota case.’\nPursuant to Rule 9(m), RLPR, appellant appealed the admonition to this court. Specifically, appellant challenges the Panel's determinations that he violated Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a) and that his conduct did not fall within one of the exceptions in Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(c). We address each issue in turn.\nThe Supreme Court went on to explain that\n[w]e turn first to appellant's claim regarding Rule 5.5(a). It states, in relevant part, that `[a] lawyer shall not practice law in a jurisdiction in violation of the regulation of the legal profession in that jurisdiction. . . .’ Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a).\nAppellant contends that he did not violate Rule 5.5(a) because he did not practice law in Minnesota. According to appellant, a lawyer practices in a jurisdiction in one of three ways: (1) by being physically present in the jurisdiction; (2) by establishing an office or other systematic and continuous presence in the jurisdiction; or (3) by entering an appearance in a matter through the filing of documents with a tribunal. Appellant argues that e-mail communication directed to a jurisdiction in which the lawyer is not admitted to practice does not fall within the definition of practicing law in a jurisdiction, and thus the Panel erred in its determination that he violated Rule 5.5(a).\nIn re Charges, supra (emphases in the original).\nThe Supreme Court also explained that\n[w]e review findings made in lawyer discipline cases under a clearly erroneous standard. In re Panel Case No. 23236, 728 N.W.2d 254, 257–58 (Minnesota Supreme Court 2007). We `will uphold the panel's factual findings if they have evidentiary support in the record and are not clearly erroneous.’ In re Mose, 754 N.W.2d 357, 360 (Minnesota Supreme Court 2008) (citing In re Singer, 735 N.W.2d 698, 703 (Minn.2007)).\nAppellant concedes for the purpose of this appeal that he engaged in the practice of law, albeit in Colorado. Such a concession is consistent with our prior cases holding that negotiating the resolution of a claim on behalf of a client constitutes the practice of law. See In re Ray, 610 N.W.2d 342, 343, 346 (Minnesota Supreme Court 2000) (upholding the referee's finding that the attorney engaged in the unauthorized practice of law by negotiating with the county attorney on behalf of a client while the attorney was subject to a disciplinary suspension); In re Ray, 452 N.W.2d 689, 693 (Minnesota Supreme Court 1990) (holding that `the record support[ed] the referee's conclusion’ that the attorney engaged in the unauthorized practice of law by attempting to negotiate settlements for two clients).\nAppellant maintains, however, that an attorney does not practice law in another jurisdiction merely by engaging in e-mail communications with individuals in that jurisdiction. Whether an attorney engages in the practice of law in Minnesota by sending e-mails from jurisdiction is a matter of first impression.\nIn re Charges, supra (emphasis in the original).\nNext, the Supreme Court explained that\nRule 5.5(a) of the Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct does not explicitly define what it means to practice law in a jurisdiction. Certainly, physical presence is one way to practice law in a jurisdiction. But, as we set forth below, it is not the only way.\nThe court went on to explain that\n[o]ther courts have addressed the issue of whether an attorney practices law in a jurisdiction even though the attorney was not physically present in that jurisdiction. In Birbrower, Montalbano, Condon & Frank, P.C. v. Superior Court, 17 Cal.4th 119, 70 Cal.Rptr.2d 304, 949 P.2d 1, 5–6 (1998), the California Supreme Court analyzed what constituted the practice of law in a jurisdiction by looking at the nature of the legal representation in the jurisdiction, instead of focusing solely on physical presence. In determining what it means to practice law in California, the court considered whether the lawyer had `sufficient contact with the California client to render the nature of the legal services a clear legal representation’ and whether the lawyers' contact with California was merely `fortuitous or attenuated.’ Id., 70 Cal.Rptr.2d 304, 949 P.2d at 5. The court determined that a lawyer `may practice law in the state . . . although not physically present here by advising a California client on California law in connection with a California legal dispute by telephone, fax, computer, or other modern technological means.’ Id., 70 Cal.Rptr.2d 304, 949 P.2d at 5–6; see also In re Babies, 315 B.R. 785, 791–93 (Bankr.N.D.Ga.2004) (concluding that attorneys who were physically present in Illinois practiced law in Georgia by representing Georgia clients with respect to a bankruptcy, preparing documents related to that bankruptcy, and communicating with these clients via the telephone and mail).\nThe reasoning in Birbrower is persuasive. Based on that reasoning, we conclude that the Panel did not clearly err by finding that appellant practiced law in Minnesota, in violation of Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a). Appellant contacted D.R., a Minnesota lawyer, and stated that he represented Minnesota clients in a Minnesota legal dispute. This legal dispute was not interjurisdictional; instead, it involved only Minnesota residents and a debt arising from a judgment entered by a Minnesota court. Appellant instructed D.R. to refer all future correspondence to him, and he continued to engage in correspondence and negotiations with D.R. over the course of several months. Appellant requested and received financial documents from his Minnesota clients and advised them on their legal options. By multiple e-mails sent over several months, appellant advised Minnesota clients on Minnesota law in connection with a Minnesota legal dispute and attempted to negotiate a resolution of that dispute with a Minnesota attorney. Appellant had a clear, ongoing attorney-client relationship with his Minnesota clients, and his contacts with Minnesota were not fortuitous or attenuated. Thus, there is ample support for the Panel's finding that appellant practiced law in Minnesota.\nThe court then took up the\nappellant's claim that even if the Panel did not err in determining that he was practicing law in Minnesota in violation of Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(a), his conduct was permitted under one of the exceptions in Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(c). Appellant argues that Rule 5.5(c)(2) authorized his conduct because he reasonably believed that he would be able to associate with local counsel and be admitted pro hac vice if necessary. Appellant further claims that Rule 5.5(c)(4) authorized his conduct because his in-laws reached out to him for assistance on a matter within his expertise; thus the matter `arose out of [Appellant's] law practice.’\nIt explained that\nRule 5.5(c) permits an attorney to practice temporarily in a jurisdiction in which the attorney is not admitted. It states:\nA lawyer admitted in another United States jurisdiction, and not disbarred or suspended from practice in any jurisdiction, may provide legal services on a temporary basis in this jurisdiction which: . . .\n(2) are in or reasonably related to a pending or potential proceeding before a tribunal in this or another jurisdiction, if the lawyer, or a person the lawyer is assisting, is authorized by law or order to appear in the proceeding or reasonably expects to be so authorized; . . . . or\n(4) are not within paragraphs (c)(2) or (c)(3) and arise out of or are reasonably related to the lawyer's practice in a jurisdiction in which the lawyer is admitted to practice.\nMinn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(c).\nThe Supreme Court then began its analysis of this argument, explaining that under\nMinnesota Rules of Professional Conduct 5.5(c)(2), a lawyer admitted in another jurisdiction may provide legal services in Minnesota on a temporary basis if the lawyer's services are reasonably related to a pending or potential proceeding before a tribunal and the lawyer reasonably expects to be authorized by law to appear in the proceeding. Comment 10 explains that a lawyer rendering services in Minnesota on a temporary basis is permitted to engage in conduct in anticipation of a proceeding or hearing in which the lawyer reasonably expects to be admitted pro hac vice. Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5(c)(2) cmt. 10.\nAppellant suggests that there was a potential proceeding that could be brought on behalf of his in-laws. Because of this belief, appellant contends Rule 5.5(c)(2) protects him. The Director persuasively argues that appellant knew further litigation was unlikely because a court had already decided the underlying case involving his in-laws, and appellant was simply negotiating a potential debt resolution. In addition, Rule 5.5(c)(2), by its plain language, requires more than an attorney's speculation that the attorney can find local counsel and be admitted to practice pro hac vice. Appellant's e-mail correspondence does not indicate that he took steps to secure local counsel or investigate the possibility of pro hac vice admission. Thus, we conclude there is no support for appellant's claim that his conduct was authorized by Rule 5.5(c)(2).\nThe court then took up the lawyer’s final argument, i.e., that\nthere was a potential proceeding that could be brought on behalf of his in-laws. Because of this belief, appellant contends Rule 5.5(c)(2) protects him. The Director persuasively argues that appellant knew further litigation was unlikely because a court had already decided the underlying case involving his in-laws, and appellant was simply negotiating a potential debt resolution. In addition, Rule 5.5(c)(2), by its plain language, requires more than an attorney's speculation that the attorney can find local counsel and be admitted to practice pro hac vice. Appellant's e-mail correspondence does not indicate that he took steps to secure local counsel or investigate the possibility of pro hac vice admission. Thus, we conclude there is no support for appellant's claim that his conduct was authorized by Rule 5.5(c)(2).\nUnder Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct 5.5(c)(4), a lawyer admitted in another jurisdiction may provide legal services in Minnesota on a temporary basis if the lawyer's services are not covered by paragraphs (c)(2) and (c)(3) and `arise out of or are reasonably related to the lawyer's practice in a jurisdiction in which the lawyer is admitted to practice.’ Appellant contends that his services arose out of or were reasonably related to his practice in Colorado because the clients are his relatives who `reached out to him for assistance’ and appellant's environmental and personal-injury practice involves debt collection.\nComment 14 of Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct 5.5 provides guidance on this issue. Specifically, comment 14 instructs that several factors may demonstrate that an attorney's temporary legal services in Minnesota reasonably relate to the lawyer's practice in a jurisdiction in which the lawyer is admitted to practice (“lawyer's home jurisdiction”), including: whether the client is a resident of or has substantial contacts with the lawyer's home jurisdiction; whether the client has previously been represented by the lawyer; whether a significant aspect of the matter involves the law of the lawyer's home jurisdiction; whether the client's activities or the legal issues involve multiple jurisdictions; or whether the services `draw on the lawyer's recognized expertise developed through the regular practice of law on behalf of clients in matters involving a particular body of federal, nationally-uniform, foreign, or international law.’ Minn. R. Prof. Conduct 5.5 cmt. 14. . . .\nThe Supreme Court found, though, that the\nlegal services appellant provided to his in-laws were unrelated to his environmental and personal-injury practice in Colorado. The record establishes that appellant was involved in litigation in Colorado state court, including eight trials in the past 7 years in which collection issues arose, and that appellant negotiated the resolution of a debt with an out-of-state creditor on behalf of several Colorado residents. Although Rule 5.5(c) may permit appellant to negotiate with a Colorado client's out-of-state creditor because this representation is reasonably related to appellant's Colorado practice, the facts of this case are substantially different. Appellant's in-laws are not Colorado residents, and appellant had no prior attorney-client relationship with them.\nMoreover, appellant's representation of his in-laws did not `arise out of’ or `reasonably relate’ to his practice in Colorado simply because his in-laws contacted him in Colorado or appellant has done collections work in Colorado. As the Director notes, appellant's in-laws were not long-standing clients; nor was there any connection between the in-laws' case and the state or laws of Colorado. And while appellant's Colorado practice may involve judgment collections work, nothing in the record establishes that this work was based on a body of federal or nationally uniform law. To the contrary, appellant's clients were Minnesota residents with a debt that arose in Minnesota that they owed to a Minnesota resident and that was governed by Minnesota law. Accordingly, Rule 5.5(c)(4) does not apply to appellant's conduct.\nNext, the Court explained that it needed to decide on\nthe appropriate discipline for appellant's misconduct. We give great weight to the recommendations of the Panel, but we have `the final responsibility for determining appropriate discipline for violations of the rules of professional conduct’. Panel Case No. 23236, 728 N.W.2d at 258. We do not impose sanctions in attorney-discipline cases as punishment, but rather we impose sanctions `to protect the public, to protect the judicial system, and to deter future misconduct by the disciplined attorney [and] other attorneys.’ In re Rebeau, 787 N.W.2d 168, 173 (Minn.2010). We impose sanctions according to the unique facts of each case, and `when considering appropriate sanctions for misconduct, we weigh the following factors: (1) the nature of the misconduct, (2) the cumulative weight of the disciplinary violations, (3) the harm to the public, and (4) the harm to the legal profession.’ Panel Case No. 23236, 728 N.W.2d at 258 (citation omitted) (internal quotation marks omitted).\nThe Court therefore found that the\nnature of the misconduct in this case is non-serious. Appellant wrongly believed that he could negotiate a settlement in Minnesota without being licensed to practice law in the state. The cumulative weight of the misconduct is also minimal. Appellant engaged in a series of e-mail communications with one attorney in a single matter involving appellant's family members. In addition, the only harm appellant's clients suffered was a delay in the resolution of their debt because of appellant's actions. Accordingly, a private admonition is the appropriate discipline for appellant.\nPosted by Susan Brenner at 2:20 PM\nThe Former Employees, the Company-Issued Laptops a...\nThe Computer Tower, Sexual Exploitation of Childre...\nPossession of Child Pornography, the Guilty Plea a...\nThe Guilty Plea, “Unlawful Sexual Intercourse with...\n“Possession of Unauthorized Access Devices,” Aidin...\nThe Juvenile, the Criminal Threat and the Emojis\nThe Divorce, Custody and the E-mail\nSassafras Oil, the IP Address and the Fourth Amend...\nThe “Network Investigative Technique,” Child Porno...\nThe E-mail Negotiation, the “Unauthorized Practice...\nThe File-Sharing Program, “Sending” and “Transmiss...\nThe Desktop Computer, “Authority” and the Consent ...\n\"Unlawful Delivery of a Controlled Substance,\" Fac...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1275562"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8173574805259705,"wiki_prob":0.8173574805259705,"text":"Craig Sager Net Worth\nin Richest Celebrities\nCraig Sager Net Worth:\nCraig Sager's Salary\nCraig Sager net worth and salary: Craig Sager was an American sportscaster and sideline reporter who had a net worth of $9.5 million. Craig Sager earned his net worth as a sportscaster for TNT and TBS. He also covered sports for both CBS and CNN. Sager was born in Batavia, Illinois, and graduated from Northwestern University with a degree in speech.\nBefore working for CBS, he began his broadcast career in 1972 at WXLT in Sarasota, Florida. He joined CNN in 1981 after handling the network's first live remote report from the 1980 baseball playoffs. Sager was the co-anchor of the network's show, CNN Sports Tonight and was honored with a CableAce award in 1985. He also served as the anchor of College Football Scoreboard from 1982-1985. In the 90's he joined Turner sports and worked primarily as a sideline reporter for The NBA on TNT. In addition to basketball he also covered the 1992 Winter Olympics, Nordic skiing, curling, golf, tennis, and amateur sports. He is known for his distinctive clothing style, and commonly wears velvet suits, colorful ties, Nehru jackets, and other bizarre articles of clothing out on the field. He and his wife Stacy, a former NBA Chicago Bulls dancer, have two children, Riley and Ryan. He also has three children from a previous marriage, including his son, Craig, Jr who is a walk-on wide receiver at the University of Georgia. Sager is currently battling acute myeloid leukemia and during the basketball coverage on 4/20/2014, all coaches with games on that day gave \"get well\" messages to Sager between quarters. His son, Craig Jr. did the sideline interview with San Antonio Spurs Coach, Greg Popovich, between the third and fourth quarters to air a special \"get well\" message to his father. The NBA on TNT crew also paid a special tribute to Sager by wearing suits similar to his suits from the past.\nUnfortunately, Craig Sager died on December 15, 2016 at the age of 65.\nPam Oliver Net Worth\nErnie Johnson Jr Net Worth\nAlex Flanagan Net Worth\nCraig Sager\nNet Worth: $9.5 Million\nSalary: $1 Million\nDate of Birth: Jun 29, 1951 (70 years old)\nProfession: Journalist\nChris Fowler Net Worth\nMelissa Stark Net Worth\nMichele Tafoya Net Worth\nLisa Salters Net Worth\nJames Brown Net Worth\nAdam Schefter Net Worth","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line621179"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5406230688095093,"wiki_prob":0.4593769311904907,"text":"OnlyInYourState Unveils the Ultimate Wanderlust Travel Guide with the Launch of its ‘22 Hidden Gems Across the U.S. to Visit in 2022’ List\nThe #4 Top Travel Information Site Highlights Little-Known Attractions and Natural Wonders in This Year’s Guide\nSANTA MONICA, Calif., Jan. 05, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Travel digital media brand, OnlyInYourState, today released its 22 Hidden Gems Across the U.S. to Visit in 2022 list. The sophomore list focuses on the great outdoors, featuring little-known attractions, beautiful gardens and natural wonders. First debuted in 2021, OnlyInYourState’s annual Hidden Gems list is meant to provide inspiration for travel lovers looking to discover something new -- whether it’s for a bucket list vacation or a day trip to an off-the-beaten-path attraction.\nThe 22 Hidden Gems list is organized by region -- northeast, south, midwest, southwest, and northwest. Some highlights from the 22 Hidden Gems Across the U.S. to Visit in 2022 list include: Bok Tower Gardens in Florida, the Desert of Maine, Lake of The Clouds in Michigan, Sloan Canyon Petroglyph Site in Nevada, Burgdorf Hot Springs in Idaho, and Ape Cave in Washington. The annual Hidden Gems list is hand-picked by OnlyInYourState’s expert travel editors and local and regional writers.\n“We’ve heard from our readers that they are hoping to spend more time outdoors, so for this year’s Hidden Gems list, we wanted to focus on the incredible natural beauty of the country,” said Alaina Nutile of OnlyInYourState. “Our mission is to provide travelers with the opportunity to discover something new while shining a spotlight on the extraordinary attractions and wonders that might otherwise be overlooked. Our list of 22 Hidden Gems Across the U.S. to Visit in 2022 is sure to inspire readers to get outside and reconnect with nature.”\nOnlyInYourState takes a fun, informal approach to travel articles to help readers discover unique things to do in each of the 50 states. To learn more, please visit https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/.\nAbout OnlyInYourState:\nFounded in 2015, OnlyInYourState features over 100,000 articles highlighting the off-the-beaten-path attractions and unique natural wonders of each of the country’s 50 distinctive states. The brand’s unique, highly-curated editorial content reaches millions of passionate readers every month and has brought attention to hidden gems, little-known attractions, natural wonders and small and large businesses across the nation. OnlyInYourState is operated by Leaf Group Ltd. For more information, visit https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/.\nAbout Leaf Group\nLeaf Group Ltd. is a diversified consumer internet company that builds enduring, creator-driven brands that reach passionate audiences in large and growing lifestyle categories, including fitness & wellness (Well+Good, Livestrong.com and MyPlate App), and home, art & design (Saatchi Art, Society6 and Hunker). Leaf Group is a subsidiary of Graham Holdings Company (NYSE: GHC). For more information about Leaf Group, visit www.leafgroup.com.\nSharna Daduk\nVP, Communications\nsharna.daduk@leafgroup.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1647970"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9283899664878845,"wiki_prob":0.9283899664878845,"text":"Sailing-Switzerland’s Alinghi ropes in Red Bull for America’s Cup\nBy Alexander Smith\nCrew member of America's Cup defender Alinghi 5 of Switzerland work in the boat as they wait for the start of Race 1 at the 33rd America's Cup off the coast of Valencia\n(Reuters) – Red Bull has teamed up with Swiss sailing syndicate Alinghi to challenge for the America’s Cup, marking the second such Formula One deal after INEOS Britannia joined forces with Mercedes.\nAs America’s Cup yachts have evolved into high-speed, “foiling” machines which “fly” above the water on hydrofoils, the adrenaline fuelled sport has increasingly been referred to as Formula One on water and is now using much of the same technology and design, as well as attracting its cash.\nAlinghi, founded by billionaire Ernesto Bertarelli, won the America’s Cup in 2003 and 2007 but have not competed for the oldest trophy in international sport in over a decade. Holders Emirates Team New Zealand have already been challenged by Ben Ainslie’s INEOS Britannia and others are expected to follow.\nAlinghi Red Bull Racing will represent the Societe Nautique de Geneve yacht club in its challenge for the 37th America’s Cup, which is due to be held in 2024, the new team said in a statement which coincided with a launch event in Geneva.\nDespite being land-locked, Switzerland has attracted top talent since Bertarelli set his sights on sailing’s most coveted prize, as well as spawning a generation of home-grown stars.\n“We want for this challenge to do something totally different, totally new, totally fresh,” Bertarelli said, describing Red Bull, which has been a rival in events such as the GC32 and Extreme Sailing, as providing the “wings”.\nA core crew led by Alinghi’s GC32 co-skipper Arnaud Psarofaghis will begin training to prepare “a 100% Swiss Made crew”, the team said on Tuesday.\nRed Bull Racing principal Christian Horner said Red Bull Advanced Technologies would share experiences and engineering tips with Alinghi Red Bull Racing in a “two-way cooperation”.\nFor Alinghi’s Brad Butterworth, a four-time winner of the America’s Cup, the Red Bull partnership marks a new chapter.\n“The America’s Cup is a technology race which is won on the water with race strategy and tactics. Red Bull has demonstrated that time and time again in F1 and in many of the other sports it competes in,” Butterworth said.\n(Reporting by Alexander Smith; Editing by Toby Davis)\nSailing – 36th America’s Cup\nThe INEOS and Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One team logos are pictured at the launch of the INEOS Britannia America’s Cup challenge in Brackley","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line659251"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8611476421356201,"wiki_prob":0.8611476421356201,"text":"Related Expertise: Technology Industry\nWhy You Need an Open Source Software Strategy\nApril 16, 2021 By Pranay Ahlawat, Johannes Boyne, Dominik Herz, Florian Schmieg, and Michael Stephan\nDeveloping and deploying open source software is no longer just a novel idea. It’s a strategic necessity in a fast-changing digital world. Among the facts to know:\n• The open source community uses a collaborative approach to software development, which helps drive innovation. It’s not an accident that the latest technologies, such as AI and ML, run on open source software.\n• As open source software’s business use grows, the biggest risk is that no entity will bear the liability for adverse consequences.\nLearn more about open source software here.\nWhen a movement becomes mainstream, managing it demands a strategy. In August 1991, Linus Torvalds, then a 21-year-old student of computer science at the University of Helsinki, casually announced through a Usenet posting: “I'm doing a free operating system, just a hobby, won’t be big and professional like GNU….” As it happened, his hobby resulted in the development of the world’s first free operating system, the Linux kernel, and kickstarted the open source software movement. Exactly three decades later, “open” has become one of the major ways in which software is developed. Companies use open source software extensively, and it’s increasingly shaping enterprise software architectures. Developing and deploying open source software is no longer just a novel idea. It’s a strategic necessity in a fast-changing digital world.\nThere’s no way around open source software, which can be defined as software that developers can inspect, copy, modify, and redistribute. Proprietary software-providers still dominate the market, but open source software plays an equally important role. For instance, open source Linux powered 75% of the public cloud workload in 2020, and its share is expected to rise to 85% by 2024. Some of the most popular software development stacks – such as the LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP) and MEAN (MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js) stacks – are open source software. Last year, around 85% of the world’s smartphones ran on Android, the open source operating system built on the open Linux kernel (See Exhibit 1.) Unsurprisingly, the ability to work with open source software is fast becoming a requirement for all software.\nBusiness use of open source software is soaring. As many as 80% of IT departments plan to increase their use of open source software over the next 12 months, with 95% of IT specialists agreeing that open source has become strategically important (See Sidebar 1.) Software developers and data analysts, the driving forces of digital transformations, rely heavily on the open source community. They often prefer to use open source software, especially as a foundation, because the software selection and screening process is simple and lengthy negotiations are unlikely. That choice therefore allows the rapid roll-out and adoption of innovative applications. In addition to improving the speed to market, using open source software also prevents vendor lock-in and, obviously, reduces costs.\nThe Future Software Stack Will Increasingly Be Open\nOpen source software will continue to be popular in the future, with the innovation cycle only reinforcing its status. As open core firms and the community fuel innovation, open source software is likely to play a foundational role in many layers of the enterprise software stack, from operating systems and programming languages to middleware and development tools. (See Exhibit 2.)\nMost supercomputers today use an operating system that is based on Linux. It’s stable, inexpensive, and – importantly – modifiable, unlike a proprietary system such as Windows. As a result, it’s easy to create a kernel with only the most essential code, eliminating everything that isn’t vital to improve performance.\nLinux is used as an operating system by all kinds of hardware such as servers, desktops, and smartphones for the same reasons, and its share is growing. For instance, Linux’s share of server installations has risen from 68% in 2017 to 75% in 2020. Data management too has gone open source, with firms such as HashiCorp, GitLab, Datadog, Elastic, Confluent, and Databricks entering the market.\nOpen source software has gained traction in new technologies such as containers and container-orchestration platforms. Along with other technologies, such as Mesos and Docker Swarm, Kubernetes has emerged as one of the standards for container management. It orchestrates over 50% of all the containers in the world, and its share is projected to rise to 85% by 2024.\nSmart companies have started identifying the best emerging open source technology for each layer of the enterprise stack—such as Spark for analytics, Kafka for messaging and streaming, PyTorch and TensorFlow for AI.\nSmart companies have started identifying the best emerging open source technology for each layer of the enterprise stack – such as Spark for analytics, Kafka for messaging and streaming, PyTorch and TensorFlow for AI, and so on. As a result, closed source stacks are facing a lot of competition, and they have to be the best in class at every layer in order to stand a chance of being chosen.\nSoftware tools, such as those for DevSecOps, are witnessing a similar trend, with source code repositories like Git, library frameworks such as React, and backend application frameworks like Spring edging out proprietary software because of the traction they enjoy with developers. Open source software’s success will trigger a virtuous cycle, with more projects springing up, which will attract more developers, and the use of open source software becoming even more pervasive.\nMoreover, companies are learning to tap into the open source community for talent and to upskill themselves. Some have gone beyond reluctantly accepting the use of open source software to encouraging participation by their employees in open projects. CIOs and CTOs are waking up to the fact that they have to rethink their approach and prioritize the development of open source software in order to get ahead of rivals. They’re increasingly wondering: Do we have an open source software strategy for the 2020s?\nThe Rise... and Rise... of Open Source Software\nOpen source software differs from proprietary software in several ways. Unlike proprietary software, for which business must pay, open source software isn’t owned by anybody. It’s available for use free of charge, but there is no support from the community for it unless, as we describe below, companies license its use from a commercial vendor. Moreover, in contrast to the source code of proprietary software, which vendors keep confidential, open source software is developed publicly, so it can be easily tested, modified, and freely distributed.\nDeveloping and deploying an open source software strategy has become imperative for several reasons. Open source software developers, individually and collectively, look for the optimal solutions to technological problems, which makes the software they create reliable, secure – and free. Because of their incessant efforts, the software becomes better over time. Several foundations, such as the Linux Foundation, which supports open source across several technology domains, the Apache Software Foundation, and the Eclipse Foundation, facilitate the process. In partnership with digital giants such as AWS, Facebook, Google, IBM, Microsoft, Netflix, and SAP, as well as hardware makers such as Cisco, Intel, and Tesla, they set standards. They also create vendor-agnostic homes for projects, provide financial support for infrastructure, help with marketing, and appoint committees to make key decisions about projects.\nThe first startups catalyzed by open source sprung up three decades ago to offer support, paving the way for a second generation of firms that developed software internally, but released the source code so the community could test and refine it. Firms using this open core model – open source code at the core with proprietary code around it – offer a free product that is limited in features as well as a proprietary, features-rich version for which users must pay a subscription or license fee – essentially, a freemium business model. The extent of the product’s openness ranges from a large, open core with a small, closed crust, which can be called a thin-crust offering, to the other extreme – a small, open core and a large, closed crust, also known as a thick-crust offering.\nBuilding on the open core model, several branded software vendors now mix open source and commercial software and offer it as a licensed cloud-based service, monetizing the support and services they provide. They offer a paid version of the software and a package of bundled services for a subscription fee. Customers receive add-ons such as dashboards and analytics, updates to ensure security and performance, security certifications, and other clearances for regulated industries. The vendors guarantee that they will support key applications even if the software becomes outdated. They also provide software maintenance, coordinate and install updates, and even offer live software support. They often act as consultants about software selection, and train customers’ employees. By using this Software as a Service licensing model, open source commercial vendors, both big and small, have succeeded in gaining ground in the marketplace. (See Sidebar 2.)\nThe Open Source Software Market is Growing\nFrom the cloud to the edge, open source software is an integral element of many architectures today, and its use could rise in the future. (See Exhibit 3.)\nIn the cloud, Linux has become the cloud operating system of choice mainly because of its greater flexibility and lower cost compared to proprietary software. It enables the use of containers, which is a must for the building blocks of cloud-native development such as microservices. Due to ever-rising workloads, the Linux operating systems market is expected to grow at the rate of 7% a year, reaching $9.7 billion by 2024. While 70% of workloads will run in the cloud in 2024, as compared to 50% in 2020, 82% of paid Linux users are expected to run workloads on multi-cloud environments in 2024 – up from 72% in 2020. The adoption of hybrid cloud architectures – the parallel use of on-premise and public cloud infrastructure – is also rising, with over 95% of enterprises deploying them last year.\nPaid Linux-providers generated revenues of around $3.3 billion in 2020, according to our market research. Still, the total addressable market – which includes the shares of other operating systems such as Windows, Unix, and free Linux deployments – is over twice that, at around $7.5 billion. As most new applications and workloads will run on Linux, and existing Windows and Unix applications will probably migrate to it, enterprise Linux providers will gain market share. They’re likely to grow at around 12% per annum over the next three-and-a-half years, so their combined revenues will cross $5.2 billion by 2024.\nWithin the enterprise, open source container management software and software-defined storage are most popular. Around 90% of companies that use containers deploy a platform to manage containers. Atop Kubernetes, the open source software that’s emerging as the industry standard for managing containers, firms such as Red Hat, VMware, SUSE Rancher, and Cloud Providers offer packaged solutions, add-ons, and user-friendly interfaces as well as services such as updates and maintenance. They’re targeting an addressable market of around $2.2 billion, which will grow about 35% per annum to reach $7.5 billion by 2024. While the serviceable market – excluding containers deployed in the hyper-scalers’ internal infrastructure – was around $0.7 billion in 2020, it will grow faster than the total market at 53% a year, hitting $4 billion by 2024.\nLikewise, the use of software-defined storage, which allows companies to dynamically control where they store data by pooling their on-premise and cloud storage, has recently risen in importance. While proprietary software systems usually manage storage, open source solutions, such as Ceph, Gluster, and Longhorn, are gaining traction. Cloud-native, container-driven, software-defined storage makes up only a small portion of the total addressable market of $4 billion, which is expected to reach $6.2 billion by 2024. However, the containerization-related sub-segment will grow at a faster 50% per annum, from $80 million in 2020 to $400 million by 2024.\nAt the edge, companies will generate more data in the future than they do at present. The number of Internet of Things connections, which drive edge computing, will double from 20 billion in 2019 to 41 billion in 2025. Several factors, such as the need for ultralow latency, reliable connectivity, greater security, and cost-savings, will drive the need for computing at the edge.\nWith edge computing projected to grow at 24% a year between 2020 and 2024, the projected rise in computing expenditure on edge hardware, software, and services will rise sharply from $89 billion in 2020 to as much as $218 billion in 2024. Open source software providers will find opportunities in the platform software and infrastructure software segments, which are expected to grow from $10 billion in 2020 to $24.9 billion in 2024.\nThese vendors rely a great deal on the open community. In addition to employees, freelance and hobbyist programmers participate in projects, partly to gain credibility for their technical skills and mainly because of their passion for software development. More recently, some corporations have released the codes of features and adaptations they’ve developed, so they can be integrated into more software. In 2020, over 56 million developers worked on the 140 million projects (repositories) listed on GitHub, the leading platform for open source collaboration, making over 1.9 billion contributions. Amazon, Facebook, Google, IBM, Intel, SAP, and Microsoft, none of which are open source companies, are among the biggest contributors on GitHub.\nIn 2020, over 56 million developers worked on the 140 million projects listed on GitHub, the leading platform for open source collaboration, making over 1.9 billion contributions.\nNo company is more emblematic of the shift in attitude to open source software than Microsoft, which initially waged a legal battle against it. The digital giant now uses open source software extensively. Most of Microsoft Azure runs on Linux, and it has created a compatibility layer, Windows Subsystem for Linux, to run Linux binary executables natively on Windows. And Microsoft has made open the source code for .NET, the software framework for Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems, as well as the programming language TypeScript, and PowerShell, its task automation and configuration management framework. The digital giant has joined the Open Source Initiative, acquired GitHub for $7.5 billion in 2018 – then the largest enterprise software acquisition ever – and its employees are heavily engaged with GitHub, with over 5,000 of them contributing to open source projects in 2020.\nThe Pluses and the Perils\nBefore drawing up a strategy, companies should develop a nuanced understanding of the merits and demerits of open source software.\nThe Pluses. There are half a dozen reasons why open source software has become so popular over time.\nOne, the open source software community is large, technically diverse, and committed to solving problems with digital technologies. Its virtuosity and vibrancy provides an edge, with the community ensuring that applications are developed rapidly. The bigger the problem, the more developers are drawn, like magnets, to work on it.\nThe bigger the problem, the more open source developers are drawn, like magnets, to work on it.\nTwo, the community uses a collaborative approach to software development, which helps drive innovation. It’s not an accident that the latest technologies, such as AI and ML, run on open source software. In addition to infrastructure, open source software powers the latest technological leaps such as edge computing for autonomous vehicles. And the next generation of hyperplexed enterprise software, which will enable the use of highly distributed systems, is likely to be open source.\nThree, open source software is backed by a large number of developers. For example, over 15,500 developers from around 1,400 companies have contributed to the Linux kernel since 2005, and they add 10,000 lines of code every day, making it the world’s fastest evolving project.\nFour, in contrast to closed source software, open source code can be fully accessed and customized. It is usually modular, so vendors can tweak parts of the code or add features to it to customize it for each business. That’s another reason why open source software often works as well as proprietary software at any layer of the enterprise stack for which it’s available.\nFive, enterprise-grade open source software faces a lower risk of obsolescence because of the community’s involvement. Companies that rely on proprietary software run the risk of software getting discontinued or having to pay more over time, which is magnified by the fast-changing nature of digital technology.\nSix, finding the talent to execute digital transformations is a challenge for most legacy companies, so they can turn to the open source community. It’s an ocean of talent and tools, with a depth unlikely to be found anywhere except in the world’s biggest software firms. Besides, it’s easier to find developers who are familiar with open source software, given its wide applicability, than it is to find people familiar with the specific tools that proprietary software demands.\nThe Perils. Like everything in life, there are some risks to using open source software. Compared to commercial software, whose owners offer crystal-clear legal agreements for its fees and use, licensing from commercial open source vendors can sometimes be ambiguous.\nSome agreements, such as the popular MIT and Apache licenses, contain only the bare minimum requirements about software redistribution. While the MIT license is worded quite simply, the terms in the Apache 2.0 license are more detailed, so the latter is more popular with large open-source projects designed for enterprise-scale deployment such as Docker, Kubernetes, Swift, and TensorFlow.\nOther licenses, such as the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), require the free redistribution of the source code of the modified version. That implies the disclosure of the source code of even proprietary software that has incorporated open source code, which is called copyleft, and will worry business. Companies should keep in mind the cascading consequences of copyleft when using open source software.\nAs open source software’s business use grows, the biggest risk is that no entity will bear the legal liability for adverse consequences.\nAs open source software’s business use grows, the biggest risk is that no entity will bear the liability for adverse consequences. The lack of culpability causes legal complications, especially when companies use it to develop mission-critical applications such as, say, controlling the braking system in an automobile. Companies must learn to strike a balance between reaping the benefits of such software and knowing that they will bear legal liability if anything goes wrong.\nOpen source software is usually secure. The open source code allows many pairs of eyes to review it and ensure it is secure. However, under-funded projects can sometimes have far-reaching security issues. Take, for instance, OpenSSL, an encryption software library used by web servers, websites, and operating systems to securely process sensitive data such as passwords and credit card details. In 2014, a vulnerability was found in OpenSSL, named Heartbleed, which led to a security-related emergency. Before Heartbleed was patched by the OpenSSL community, one-fifth of the internet’s secure web servers were vulnerable to hackers because of the bug. At that time, only one fulltime person worked on OpenSSL.\nToward an Open Source Software Strategy\nSoftware developers almost instinctively turn to open source software when they have to deal with technological challenges, so it’s critical to have a strategy in place that governs its use in an organization.\nThe first step is to clearly articulate the purposes for which employees can – and cannot – use open source software. Doing so will help employees figure out in which domains they’re allowed to leverage such software and how to select tools, so the organizational risks of using open source software are tolerable. The key factors that will shape those decisions are the software’s popularity, maintenance costs, and its degree of security.\nEvery company needs to set up governance, legal, and risk structures for using open source software. It must stipulate whether it prefers a standard license or would like to draw up its own license, and how comfortable it is with the copyleft provision. Although the latter may be most equitable, most companies avoid licenses that contain the copyleft requirement.\nDepending on their appetite for it, corporations must develop the capabilities to manage open software’s use. Most of them set up program offices that act as one-stop shops for open source-related activities. They coordinate internal activities around legal, technical, and security issues as well as outward-looking activities such as marketing and communications.\nOther companies have established open communities of excellence. They identify the open source software each department in the organization uses, and foster collaboration as well as best practice sharing. Catalyzing exchanges between enthusiasts and getting the various functions to share success stories help companies realize the full potential of open source software.\nBusinesses should decide if employees can contribute to open source initiatives, either as part of their jobs or in their own time.\nFinally, businesses should decide if employees can contribute to open source initiatives, either as part of their jobs or in their own time. Much will depend on the company’s ambitions, but it’s not as much of a stretch as it may appear. In recent times, Walmart has released an open source cloud-management system, ExxonMobil has unveiled a developer toolkit to help energy companies adopt standard data formats, and JPMorgan and Wells Fargo have invested in Hyperledger, an open source software suite for enterprise-grade blockchain deployment.\nSmart companies will follow in their footsteps by identifying the range of benefits they seek from open source, from attracting talent to growing revenues. They will then decide how to operationalize their objectives by, say, using the software, contributing to projects, or participating in the activities of the foundations. They can start by participating in small projects, such as contributing fixes, and scale their involvement over time. Importantly, companies can influence the development of emerging technology standards by building open source ecosystems. For instance, in 2014, Google launched an open-source container orchestration system, Kubernetes, which is becoming the de facto standard for container management.\nAs the idea of “openness” becomes one of society’s hallmarks in the 21st century, and extends into innovation, research, and standards-setting, open source software has become integral to business. Because of the speed and the scale at which it has happened, open source is central to strategy today. It’s shifting the economics of innovation by offering companies powerful capabilities without their having to make upfront investments. In addition to leveling the playing field for startups, open innovation has forced digital giants to pivot and embrace open source software. Companies that find ways to take advantage of the breadth and the depth of the open community will save time and money, and boost their innovation capabilities as well. It may sound contradictory, but it’s time CEOs focused on open source software as a way of gaining a proprietary advantage for their companies.\nPranay Ahlawat\nJohannes Boyne\nAssociate Director, Digital Operations\nDominik Herz\nFlorian Schmieg\nMichael Stephan\nAssociate Director, Enterprise Software and Cloud\nSubscribe to receive the latest insights on Technology, Media, and Telecommunications.\nThe Future of Software Will Be Hyperplexed\nSeven Forces Reshaping Enterprise Software\nHow Software Companies Can Get More Bang for Their R&D Buck\nTen Tactics for “Growth Techs” to Survive, Thrive, and Inspire\n2020 BCG Tech Challengers","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line289789"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9120686054229736,"wiki_prob":0.9120686054229736,"text":"Congresswoman Wilson's Statement on Gabby Douglas Winning Gold Medal in All-Around Gymnastics at 2012 Summer Olympics\nWASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, Congresswoman Frederica Wilson (D-Fla.), issued the following statement on Gabrielle “Gabby” Douglas winning the gold medal in all-around gymnastics at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.\n“Gabby Douglas made Olympic history by becoming the first African-American to win the gold medal in all-around gymnastics, and the first American gymnast to win gold in both the individual and team all-around. Gabby, nicknamed the ‘Flying Squirrel’ for her amazing performances on the balance beam, has become an inspiration to the next generation of young girls, proving that with dedication and hard work, anything is possible.\n“Gabby’s historic feat follows in the footsteps of Dominique Dawes, who was part of the famed ‘Magnificent Seven’ women’s gymnastics team that won gold in Atlanta in 1996. She joined eight decades of African-Americans to ascend to the top podium at the Summer and Winter Olympics. This tradition goes back to August 3, 1936, when Jesse Owens won the 100-meter sprint in Berlin, the first of his four gold medals.\n“Congratulations to Gabby and all of her teammates on Team USA who are representing our country in London!”\nU.S. Rep. Frederica S. Wilson is a first-term Congresswoman from Florida representing parts of Northern Miami-Dade and Southeast Broward counties. A former state legislator and school principal, she is the founder of the 5000 Role Models for Excellence Project, a mentoring program for young males at risk of dropping out of school.\nPublished Op-Eds","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1338859"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7005923986434937,"wiki_prob":0.29940760135650635,"text":"4th Central European PhD Workshop on Regional Economics and Business Studies\nThe workshop is open for all PhD students from Central European doctoral schools, working within the fields of economics and business administration. It offers specific training and provides an opportunity for interaction amongst senior and young researchers.\nGlobal Market - GTK International Evening\nOn 10 November, 2015 at 19:00, the Aula of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration hosted the Global Market of 22 countries and nationalities\nSave the world, give your blood!\nHave you ever thought that you are a hero?\nFaculty Conference on the Competitiveness of Hungarian Economy\nOn 13th and 14th of October, 2015, a scientific conference was organized by the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Szeged and the Regional Committee of the Hungarian Scientific Academy. The remarkable event at the same time marked the 15th anniversary of the research on regional competitiveness in Szeged.\n2nd Evolutionary Economic Geography Workshop in Central and Eastern Europe\nAgglomeration Economies, Relatedness and Spatial Networks was orgainzed on 21th-22th of October in the Faculty of Economics.\nPresentation Competition 2015\nThe Faculty Round of the Presentation Competition announced by the Talent Centre of the University of Szeged was organized on 29 October 2015.\nUniversity of Szeged is ranked 13th place in the newest QS ranking\nQS (Quacquarelli Symonds) has published the latest ranking of universities in Emerging Europe and Central Asia (EECA) with the region’s top 150 universities on Wednesday 21st October 2015. It is an excellent result that the University of Szeged (USz) is ranked on the 13th place in this ranking. With this result USz has been in the top 10 percentage.\nTrendence Graduate Barometer 2016\nHave your say about your university and your future employers\nSSC Career@Szeged – 21st of October 2015\nSSC Day in Szeged on 21st October: JobBox: quick and funny working situations where the students can taste the atmosphere of the SSC and gain direct contact and co-working experience between the student and the company.\nPresentation Competition\nThe Talent Centre of the University of Szeged announces a Presentation Competition for those who are interested in demonstrating their skills by presenting a scientific problem to the audience, using up-to-date presentation techniques (e.g. PowerPoint, prezi.com).\nScholarship for an English BA training program student\nOn the 7th Scholarship Award Ceremony it was the second time that a scholarship was awarded to an international student, Henry Chinedu Obed, who has been studying in the English language BA training program of the faculty since 2013.\nInternational picnic by MKT SZIB\nThe first International Picnic of the GTK was held by MKT SZIB on 18 September 2015.\nResearchers' Night 25 September 2015\nThe European Researchers' Night celebrates its 10th anniversary this year. The Faculty of Economics and Business administration once again welcomes everyone to various programs.\nScholarship Award Ceremony\nThe scholarship award ceremony of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration was held on 11 September, Friday.\nThe team is expanding year by year\nNew foreign students have already enrolled for the academic year 2015/2016.\nEvolutionary Economic Geography in Central and Eastern Europe: Agglomeration Economies, Relatedness and Spatial Networks\nThe Faculty of Economics and Business Administration of the University of Szeged wishes to pay a contribution to the tuition fees payable by students admitted as fee-paying students to the Faculty.\nLast Minute Admission\nBusiness Administration and Management BA programme – University of Szeged\nEcoCamp 4.0\nThis is the 4th year when a one week long summer camp for high-school students has been held in the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.\nDr. Erzsébet Hetesi – Dr. Márton Vilmányi: ‘Soft’ Indicators and Competitiveness\nThis is the third year when the Ecodemia Summer Program has been held in the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration in Szeged.\nCIB Ecodemia: Local enterprises and the ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) in Szeged\nOn 9th July, Dr Zsófia Vas, Dr Miklós Lukovics, and Dr Szabolcs Imreh held a lecture onthe cutting edge laser research centre.\nHonorary Title of Senator Honoris Causa for Luis Vázquez-Burguete\nOn 3rd of July, at the graduation ceremony of the University of Szeged Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Luis Vázquez-Burguete was awarded the Honorary Title of Senator Honoris Causa.\nEcodemia: The Financial Culture of the Population and the Enterprises – Dr. Péter Kovács\nThis is the third year when the Ecodemia Summer Program has been held in the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration in Szeged. On 29th June, János Martonyi, former Minister of Foreign Affairs delivered his lecture on Competing Free Trade Agreements in the Main Hall of the Faculty. Now, on 1st July, as the second lecturer, Péter Kovács, Deputy Dean of the Faculty shared his views on issues of financial culture.\nFreshly graduated economists\nOpening hours in summer\nInformation about the opening hours in the summer of 2015.\nCIB Ecodemia-János Martonyi: Competing Free Trade Agreements\nJános Martonyi, former Minister of Foreign Affairs, gave a lecture on 29th June at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration\nSAP Hungary is looking for young, talented new Colleagues\nSAP Hungary is currently looking for numerous young, talented new Colleagues, who lately obtained a College/University degree and have no more than 2 years of professional experience, to join the Team as Junior Developers or User Interface Designers.\nNight of Museums in Szeged\nThe biggest event of museums is the Night of Museums, which is organized again in Szeged as well. This year, different plays, concerts, new exhibitions and challenges await you.\nFilm about the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration\nNational Conference of Scientific Students Associations\nStudents from the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Szeged attended a National Conference of Scientific Students Associations on 10-11 April, 2015.\nCome and Study at the University of Szeged\nCome and Study at the University of Szeged with Stipendium Hungaricum Schoolarship Programme. Don't miss this unique opportunity. Application deadline: 30 April 2015.\nMain conclusions of Anita Kéri’s research on foreign students’ motivation\nWhat are the main motivations of the foreign students? For her National Conference of Scientific Students’ Associations Competition paper, Anita Kéri (Marketing MA student) did research on the study motivation of foreign students.\nFaculty of Economics and Faculty of Law Sports Day -29 April\nOn 29 April, a Sports Day co-organized by the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration and the Faculty of Law is held in the Sports Centre of the University (Szeged, Hattyas sor 10.).\nNew Double Degree Agreement with the Normandy Business School\nThe new double degree agreement will contribute to the quality of our training programmes, at the same time improving the competitiveness of the University of Szeged.\n7th International Week on the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration\nBetween 16 and 20 March, 2015 the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration organized a week long program series, the International Week.\nThe first scholarship for an English BA training program student\nOn the 20th of February, the first scholarship was awarded to one of our international students.\nThe scholarship award ceremony of the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration was held on 20 February, Friday. It was the 6th occasion to reward the best students of the faculty. Currently, 103 students are studying with a scholarship and 19 companies are supporting them.\nNew International Office Hours at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration\nFrom January 2015 on, international students’ affairs are managed in new office hours.\nSzeged is the eighth best university city in Europe\nSzeged is among the 10 best university cities in Europe according to Condé Nast Traveler portal.\nUniversity of Szeged is ranked 22nd place in the latest QS ranking\nQS Quacquarelli Symonds has launched a new ranking of universities in Emerging Europe and Central Asia with the region’s top 100 universities. Six Hungarian universities were added to the list and it is an excellent result that the University of Szeged is ranked on the 22nd place.\nOutstanding International Student Satisfaction Award was awarded to the University of Szeged\nAnother international award recognized the education and university life of the University of Szeged. The awards were divided on the basis of the students' opinion.\nNew Ideas in a Changing World of Business Management and Marketing\nInternational PhD workshop on New Ideas in a Changing World of Business Management and Marketing on 19-20 March 2015 organized by the University of Szeged Faculty of Economics and Business Administration and the Doctoral School in Economics.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line401310"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7734286785125732,"wiki_prob":0.7734286785125732,"text":"Ietas\nSan Giuseppe Jato, Italy\nIetas was an ancient town in the modern comune of San Giuseppe Jato. Ietas was mentioned by Philistus as a fortress, and it is called by Thucydides a fortress of the Siculians, which was taken by Gylippus on his march from Himera through the interior of the island towards Syracuse. It first appears as an independent city in the time of Pyrrhus, and was attacked by that monarch on account of its strong position and the advantages it offered for operations against Panormus; but the inhabitants readily capitulated.\nIn the First Punic War it was occupied by a Carthaginian garrison, but after the fall of Panormus drove out these troops and opened its gates to the Romans. Under the Roman government it appears as a municipal town, but not one of much importance. The Ietini are only noticed in passing by Cicero among the towns whose lands had been utterly ruined by the exactions of Verres; and the Ietenses are enumerated by Pliny among the populi stipendiarii of the interior of Sicily. Many manuscripts of Cicero read 'Letini', and it is probable that the Λῆτον of Ptolemy is only a corruption of the same name. The town minted coins in antiquity, examples of which survive.\nThe position of Ietas is very obscurely intimated in ancient sources, but it appears from Diodorus that it was not very remote from Panormus, and that its site was one of great natural strength. Silius Italicus also alludes to its elevated situation. Fazello assures us that there was a mediaeval fortress called Iato on the summit of a lofty mountain, about 25 km from Palermo, and 20 km north of Entella, which was destroyed by Frederick II at the same time as the latter city; and this he identified as the site of Ietas. The mountain is still called Monte Iato, though formerly known as Monte di San Cosmano, from a church on its summit.\nAncient Greek Sites\nPrehistoric and archaeological sites in Italy\nSee all sites in San Giuseppe Jato\nFounded: 6th century BC\nCategory: Prehistoric and archaeological sites in Italy\nSan Giuseppe dei Teatini Church (21,9 km)\nQuattro Canti (22 km)\nSanta Caterina Church (22 km)\nFontana Pretoria (22 km)\nChurch of San Cataldo (22 km)\nSan Matteo al Cassaro Church (22,1 km)\nCathedral of Monreale (15,3 km)\nSanta Maria dell'Ammiraglio Church (22 km)\nPalermo Cathedral (21,6 km)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line227207"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8238142132759094,"wiki_prob":0.8238142132759094,"text":"Trell\nBy Dick Lehr\nDick Lehr Candlewick on Brilliance Audio 9780763692759\nFrom the co-author of Black Mass comes a gripping YA novel based on the true story of a teenage girl’s murder—and a young father’s false imprisonment for the crime. On a hot summer night in the late 1980s, in the Boston neighborhood of Roxbury, a fourteen-year-old African-American girl was sitting on a mailbox talking with her friends when she became the innocent victim of gang-related gunfire. Amid public outcry, an immediate manhunt was on to catch the murderer, and a young African-American man was quickly apprehended, charged, and—wrongly—convicted of the crime. Dick Lehr, a former reporter for the Boston Globe’s famous Spotlight Team who worked on this story three decades ago, brings the case to light once more with Trell, a page-turning novel about the daughter of the imprisoned man, who persuades a reporter and a lawyer to help her prove her father’s innocence. What pieces of evidence might have been overlooked? Can they manage to get to the truth before a dangerous character from the neighborhood gets to them?\nFrom the co-author of Black Mass comes a gripping YA novel based on the true story of a teenage girl’s murder—and a young father’s false imprisonment for the crime.\nOn a hot summer night in the late 1980s, in the Boston neighborhood of Roxbury, a fourteen-year-old African-American girl was sitting on a mailbox talking with her friends when she became the innocent victim of gang-related gunfire. Amid public outcry, an immediate manhunt was on to catch the murderer, and a young African-American man was quickly apprehended, charged, and—wrongly—convicted of the crime. Dick Lehr, a former reporter for the Boston Globe’s famous Spotlight Team who worked on this story three decades ago, brings the case to light once more with Trell, a page-turning novel about the daughter of the imprisoned man, who persuades a reporter and a lawyer to help her prove her father’s innocence. What pieces of evidence might have been overlooked? Can they manage to get to the truth before a dangerous character from the neighborhood gets to them?\n“A triumph of investigative reporting…[A] full-bodied true-crime saga.” —Publishers Weekly on Black Mass\nAuthor Bio: Dick Lehr\nDick Lehr is a professor of journalism at Boston University. He is the author of seven works of nonfiction and a novel for young adults. His book The Birth of a Movement: How Birth of a Nation Ignited The Battle for Civil Rights became the basis for a PBS/Independent Lens documentary. Two other books were Edgar Award finalists: The Fence: A Police Cover-up along Boston’s Racial Divide and Judgment Ridge: The True Story behind the Dartmouth Murders. He has previously written for the Boston Globe, where he was a Pulitzer Prize finalist in investigative reporting and won numerous national and local journalism awards. He was a John S. Knight Journalism Fellow at Stanford University.\nFormat: Digital Download Format: CD\nAvailable Formats : Digital Download, CD\nPublisher: Candlewick on Brilliance Audio Publisher: Candlewick on Brilliance Audio\nCDs: 7\nAudience: Young Adult (12–17)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line13905"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6407025456428528,"wiki_prob":0.3592974543571472,"text":"SPLC — Damned Lies and Statistics — Part 2\nAs part of an ongoing investigation of how the Southern Poverty Law Center manipulates the media for its own goals, let’s take a closer look at a public relations press release issued by the SPLC on January 19, 2010.\nTeaching Tolerance Magazine Examines the “New Segregation” in US Schools\nMONTGOMERY, Ala., Jan. 19 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — More than 50 years after Brown v. Board of Education offered the hope of integrated classrooms, today’s schools not only remain racially segregated, but are dividing along gender lines, sexual orientation and immigration status in the name of better education, according to the Spring 2010 issue of Teaching Tolerance magazine.\n“The sad truth is that our public schools are more racially segregated today than they were 40 years ago,” said Lecia Brooks, director of the Civil Rights Memorial Center at the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC). “We’re back to buying into the belief that separate can be equal — and this time around we’re not limiting segregated classrooms to race.”\nTeaching Tolerance, released today, is being distributed free of charge by the SPLC to more than 400,000 educators nationwide. It can be read at www.teachingtolerance.org.\nIn a series of articles titled “The New Segregation,” Teaching Tolerance examines the state of racial segregation in public schools and how some educators are embracing the idea of creating schools and classrooms that separate other groups of students who are often ill-served by schools.\nToday, one-third of black students attend school in places where the population is more than 90 percent black. Almost half of white students attend schools that are more than 90 percent white. One-third of all black and Latino students attend high-poverty schools where more than 75 percent of students received free or reduced-price lunches, as compared to 4 percent of white students.\nIn addition, educators are experimenting with segregating students based on characteristics other than race.\nThe magazine examines the practice of creating gender-segregated classrooms and looks at schools created to provide safe havens for gay students hoping to escape harassment and bullying. It also explores schools focused on the needs of immigrant students and describes the obstacles encountered by students with mental disabilities in mainstream classrooms.\nOther articles offer educators tips on how to address issues related to segregation that they may face in their own classrooms — whether it is teaching the Civil Rights Movement in a segregated community or reaching the lone student of color in a class.\nTeaching Tolerance magazine, published twice a year by the Southern Poverty Law Center, is the nation’s leading journal serving educators on diversity issues. In 2007, the magazine was named Periodical of the Year by the Association of Educational Publishers for the second consecutive year. Teaching Tolerance films have garnered four Academy Award nominations and won two Oscars.\nThe Southern Poverty Law Center, based in Montgomery, Ala., is a nonprofit civil rights organization that combats bigotry and discrimination through litigation, education and advocacy. For more information, see www.splcenter.org.\nSOURCE Southern Poverty Law Center\nFirst a quick word about press releases. Most Americans are entirely unaware of how much of the so-called “news” they encounter each day is actually public relations advertising copy, written by and for the special interest group being discussed in the “article”.\nWith shrinking newsroom budgets and a 24-hour news cycle, media outlets are desperate for fresh content with which to fill up the blank newsprint/web page/ air time they face each day. Enter the press release; a pre-written, pre-formatted, pre-edited text, audio or video file that can be cut and pasted into the void with a few clicks of the mouse.\nNote the dateline on this piece, “MONTGOMERY, Ala., Jan. 19 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ –”\nPRNewswire and USNewswire are press release aggregators. Special interest groups, like the SPLC or the Tobacco lobby, etc., send them their carefully crafted statements and, for a fee, the aggregators will pass them along to thousands of other subscribers, who will pick them up and reissue them as “news” without performing the simplest fact checks.\nIn short, the “newsmakers” are writing their own “news” articles. It’s a business.\nPress releases are usually written in a third-person style, allowing the media outlets to attach a local by-line as a fig leaf. Note the several quotes by the “expert,” who is on the same payroll as the “journalist” who wrote the piece.\nNext comes the statement of supporting factoids. A veritable fruit basket of half-truths and skewed statistics, where apples are mixed in with the oranges:\nWhere did this “information” come from? We don’t know. It is not cited in either the press release or in the actual article. In true SPLC fashion, you know it’s true because they told you it was true.\nIf “one-third of black students attend school in places where the population is more than 90 percent black,” doesn’t that mean that two-thirds of black students do not?\nLikewise, if “almost half of all white students attend schools that are more than 90 percent white” (gasp!), doesn’t that mean that more than half of them do not?\nAccording to the 2000 US Census, whites outnumbered blacks by nearly 7 to 1. Since the black population is not equally distributed across the country, and there are a heck of a lot more white kids than black kids, how much rocket science is required to figure out that you’re not going to achieve a perfect mix?\nAs usual, the numbers are meaningless.\n“In 2007, the magazine was named Periodical of the Year by the Association of Educational Publishers for the second consecutive year.”\nPretty impressive, no? No. Not so much. For those pesky few people, like me, who actually take three minutes to visit the AEP website, it’s kinda hard to get all worked up by an award from a trade group that was created to promote non-profit organizations. In short, it’s a PR service for PR hacks.\nSome of the benefits of membership in the AEP include:\nReceive a FREE listing in the Industry Services Directory (ISD)\nSave nearly 50% on entries into the renowned AEP Awards\nRetain year-long visibility in the Online Product Gallery (OPG)\nExpand international business at huge member savings through AEP’s Go Global Initiative and the EPP, a partnership with the Frankfurt Book Fair\nIncrease brand awareness with sponsorship opportunities at key events\nDid you catch the second benefit? “Save nearly 50% on entries into the renowned AEP Awards” You actually have to pay cash, (from the donation pot, no doubt) to “enter” the contest against other “entrants” who also paid for the privilege. Now there’s a wide field of contenders. What if no one else paid to enter your particular event? Instant winner!\nWell, it is an association of educational publishers, so it must be all about education, right? Why else would an organization spend scarce resources to enter the contest?\n” Stand out in a crowded marketplace\nThe educational resource market is fast becoming a tough place to do business­–and the competition isn’t just other companies anymore. Almost anyone with an Internet connection and an idea can get “published,” but how do you make your product stand out from the sea of educational content available on the Internet?\nEnter the AEP Awards.\nMaximize your marketing ROI [Return on Investment]\nIndustry awards are surefire way to give your product and your brand a one-up over your competitors. In fact, Janine Popick, CEO of direct marketing firm VerticalResponse, calls industry awards one of the easiest and most inexpensive ways to help grow your business.\nMedia Opportunities\nIn addition to general AEP-issued press releases about the Awards—which are distributed to members of the general, education, and trade media—your organization can use your nomination as a Finalist or Winner as an opportunity to reach out to your local media and mailing lists.\nAEP Awards Seals\nIn a crowded and growing marketplace, one of the best ways to differentiate yourself is to point out your accomplishments and accolades. AEP Award Finalists and Winners earn the right to display the AEP Award Seal, recognized by students, teachers, and administrators as a symbol of outstanding educational quality.”\nHmm, on second thought, maybe the AEP is actually an association of educational publishers.\nSo, once again, the SPLC’s PR guru, Mark Potok, has cobbled together another pre-fab, 500-word filler piece that will be picked up by media outlets and regurgitated as “news”.When this “news story” hits your local venue, compare it to the original press release shown above to see how much hard-hitting journalism your local reporters put into this article.\nNo matter that the “statistics” are un-cited and unverified, we know that the SPLC is telling the truth because they paid darned good money to another PR group to say so.\nOnce again, as usual, the bottom line at the SPLC is… the bottom line. It’s all about the money.\nTags:Association of Educational Publishers, fund raising, Mark Potok, PR, press release, public relations\nPosted in 2. Public Relations Techniques, 5. Damned Lies and Statistics | Leave a Comment »","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line86482"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8027163743972778,"wiki_prob":0.8027163743972778,"text":"MIAMI short FILM FESTIVAL would like to extend our thanks to the individuals who served on this year’s judges panel.\nJUDGE’S PANEL\nTOM MUSCA\nProfessor in the Film department at University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL – Screenwriter-Producer- Director. Musca is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Rutgers and went on to earn a Masters of Fine Arts degree at UCLA. Musca has written roles for a wide array of acting talent including: John Cusack, James Gandolfini, CCH Pounder, River Phoenix, Dean Cain, Elizabeth Peña, Paul Rodriguez, Cliff Robertson, Hector Elizondo, Raquel Welch, Phillip Seymour Hoffman, Michael Madsen, Benicio del Toro and America Ferrera.\nProduced screen credits include: Tortilla Soup, an Imagen Award winner; the popular Gotta Kick It Up! for the Disney Channel; Hollywood Pictures’ Money For Nothing; Race, a comedic take on a City Council election on HBO which Musca directed; Columbia Pictures’ Little Nikita; and Flight of Fancy for Showtime.\nLILIA GARCIA\nLilia holds a dual BED in Art Education and Graphic Design, an MS in Art Education, a Specialist in Administration and Leadership, and has taken accreditation programs in Design Thinking and Organizational Management at NYU and Stanford University. After 10 years teaching art and initiating/implementing the first talent magnet program in the Miami-Dade County Public Schools, she was promoted to the administrative ranks, and recently concluded her career in M-DCPS as the Administrative Director for the Division of Life Skills and Special Projects.\nDR. ANDREW STRYCHARSKI\nInstructor, English Department. Director, Film Studies Program / Florida International University\nAndrew Strycharski, who earned his M.A. and Ph.D. in English from the University of Texas at Austin, directs the film studies program at Florida International University. He teaches courses in film history, new media, and writing about film, as well as advising the student film club and co-organizing the annual Panther Film Festival.\nSTEPHANIE MARTINO\nFounder / President – Florida Film Institute\nStephanie Martino is a veteran of the non-profit sector since 1989; Ms. Martino founded the Florida Film Institute, Inc. in 2002, she brings to the organization a depth of experience in the development and coordination of film programs, workshops, special events, grant writing, marketing and public relations. She has been responsible for developing new funding sources and expanding the programs over the past several years. Stephanie has also served as Executive Director from 1989 to 2004 for the Miami Film Festival and the Ad Fed of Greater Miami. During that time, she implemented and coordinated the logistics for their major annual events, developed fundraising, and membership programs. She has also produced 6 annual Israel Film Festival in Miami, New York and Los Angeles.\nALEJANDRO RIOS\nFilm and art critic, he has covered international film festivals in Havana, Miami, Brazil, Calcutta and Canada. As part of the Cuban Film Series, which he founded at Miami-Dade College in 1993, he presented the first Cuban Alternative Film Festival during 2003.\nBRUNO CHATELIN\nGraduated from the french Business School HEC alumni, began his marketing career with the largest international Advertising Agencies: Publicis, DMM Masius and JWT. He co-founded filmfestivals.com which regularly partners with the largest festivals and markets (Cannes, AFM, Toronto, Locarno, Venice) and has served over 6.000 festivals worldwide and a community of 370 000 unique monthly visitors, and newsletter subscribers base of 193 000.\nVoting member : European Film Academy (former Board Member); Les Cesar voting member since 1987 Fest Forums Advisory Board Member, International Film Festival Summit Advisory Board Member. Board Member on a few Festivals BIFF, CIFF, Animaze – le MIAFF, Houston WorldFest, Co- Founder of Animation Day in Cannes.\nPHIL PRITCHARD\nPhil is an Actor, Director, Producer from the UK. After training in Acting & Directing in London he has worked in Theatre, Film, & TV on both sides of the Atlantic. Films he has appeared in have been seen at the following Festivals: Sundance, Cannes, London I’ll, San Diego I’ll, South American FF Hollywood Comedy Shorts, LA Shorts and many more. One particular highlight of his acting career so far was playing the title role in a film called ‘A Kitten For Hitler’ produced and directed by British Film director Ken Russell.\nIGOR SHTEYRENBERG\nIgor Shteyrenberg is the executive director of the Miami Jewish Film Festival, one of the three largest Jewish film festivals in the world, and the founder/director of Popcorn Frights Film Festival, the largest genre film event in the Southeast US. This year both festivals were recognized in Moviemaker Magazine’s annual list of the top 50 film festivals in the world.\nFELIX CASTRO\nAs WOW MKTG’s Creative Director, Felix leads a multidisciplinary creative team in delivering award-winning, strategically developed concepts, art, and copy for integrated marketing campaigns. He came up the agency ranks in Puerto Rico, with stops at global agencies like Wing Latino, Circulo LOWE, DDB, and Euro, before joining República in Miami. He built and led creative teams at multiple stops, developing talent and world-class creative campaigns for regional, national and international clients such as Burger King, Suzuki, Honda, American Airlines, Pernod Ricard, BBVA, Sedano’s Supermarkets, and Baptist Health South Florida.\nCLAUDIO MARCOTULLI\nClaudio Marcotulli received his B.F.A from Emerson College (Boston) and M.F.A from the Miami International University of Art and Design (2005). He uses film and installation to create works that investigate his interest in technology and nature by illuminating existential questions around these subjects. His projects often reference memory, natural elements, mechanics of flight and issues of climate change with a surrealistic approach.\nJESSE MILLER\nGM – Midtown Video\nJesse has been supporting the film industry with equipment and technology since 2003. Hosting “the .video show”, a live internet broadcast from 2009 -2014, he delivered equipment reviews, filmmaker interviews, and even clips from past Miami Short Film Festivals. Currently Jesse is designing and building multi-camera production systems for broadcast and streaming.\nNATASHA CHAPMAN\nExecutive Producer, Green Tea Films\nNatasha is a multi-discipline EIP/Producer and Creative Manager skilled in international production logistics and detailed production management across all multimedia platforms.\nA D&AD alumna and award winner she produces worldwide for major television networks, advertising agencies, film and commercial production companies and directors; specializing in logistical & creative problem solving, financial & schedule management.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line350636"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6954346299171448,"wiki_prob":0.3045653700828552,"text":"Marchell Willie Haley Tapp\nMarchell Willie Haley Tapp, age 69 of Los Angeles, CA, passed away peacefully on Sunday, October 1 2017. She was born March 12, 1948 in Gary, Indiana, the eldest daughter, to the late Arthur Haley and Stella Haley on March 12, 1948.\nMarchell’s one passion besides her children and grandchildren was bowling. She had been a member of a many leagues and won many awards over 40 years. It was a joy to her to watch her children and then grandchildren share this with her.\nOn August 17, 1967, Marchell married the one great love of her life, the Late Herman Franklin, Tapp, Jr. who she lost April 23, 1988. Together they built a life, first in Gary but later and forever in Los Angeles, California. Marchell worked many years for Hughes Aircraft.\nMarchel l is survived by her children Grover Chistopher Haley Mcghee (Charlene) Georgia . Angela Dooley-Zaharn (Ayman) Los Angeles, CA, Alonzo Tapp of Omaha, NE, Kelly Marie Tapp of Las Vegas, NV, Jennifer Tapp of Omaha, NE, her brother Larry Haley of Three RIvers, MI, her sister Diane Clay of Three Rivers, MI. and numerous grandchildren and great-grandchildren. She was preceded in death by her brother Arthur (Ronnie) Haley Jr.\nMarchell requested and was given a funeral where she passed in Las Vegas.\nThere will be a memorial celebration of her life on October 14, 2017.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1340072"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9206182360649109,"wiki_prob":0.9206182360649109,"text":"The FAA has postponed the finish of the Starship environmental review\nThe Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) says an environmental study of orbital launches for SpaceX Starship from its Boca Chica, Texas, the site will take at least two months longer. The FAA announced on December 28 that it would be unable to fulfill an intended December 31 deadline for completing an environmental evaluation of SpaceX’s plans to launch its Starship/Super Heavy rocket into orbit from the Boca Chica site known as Starbase. A PEA (Programmatic Environmental Assessment) is an essential prerequisite for getting an FAA launch license, which is required for such launches.\n“However, the FAA is reporting a change to the timetable due to the substantial volume of comments filed on the Draft PEA, deliberations, and consultation activities with consultative parties,” the FAA wrote on its website. “The FAA now aims to issue the Final PEA on 28th February 2022,” according to the statement.\nThe FAA received almost 18,000 public comments in response to the report’s draft version, which was issued in September. Under the oversight of the FAA, SpaceX is trying to react to those public comments, according to the agency, which did not provide any other information on the review of the remarks. In October, two public hearings on the assessment drew a flood of comments, both favorable and critical of SpaceX’s ambitions.\nConsultations with various government agencies are also part of the environmental evaluation process. Those consultations, according to the FAA, include endangered species and historical site preservation. Because the environmental evaluation has been postponed, the FAA launch license for the Starship/Super Heavy orbital deployments from Boca Chica has been delayed. Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX, indicated in November that he planned to have the launch license by the end of 2021, with the first orbital flight scheduled for January or early February of the year 2022.\nEven if the environmental study and licensing process were finished as scheduled, it is unclear whether SpaceX was going to be ready for the orbital launch try on that timeframe. Musk claimed in November that in December, SpaceX would conduct a “bunch of tests” on the Starship vehicle as well as its Super Heavy rocket, although several of those tests, such as static burns, have yet to take place. There’s also no assurance that the new deadline of February 28 won’t be extended once more. An environmental evaluation of a prospective launch facility in Georgia, Spaceport Camden, was delayed for months before the FAA granted the facility a spaceport license on December 20.\nThe GAO raises fresh concerns about the Department of Defense’s ability to track threats in space\nWith orbital deployments from Jiuquan and Xichang, China wraps up a record-breaking year","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line747417"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5595860481262207,"wiki_prob":0.5595860481262207,"text":"The survivors: Snapshots of desperate journeys out of Libya to safety\nMar 25, 2020 | News Story, UNHCR Magazine\nRefugees from Somalia, Syria and Eritrea board a bus at UNHCR’s Gathering and Departure Facility in Tripoli, April 2019. © UNHCR/Mohamed Alalem\nIn the face of ongoing and intensifying conflict in Libya, UNHCR continues to work with its partners on organizing humanitarian evacuations out of the country. Efforts are being made to identify and prioritize those most in need, often including unaccompanied children, survivors of torture and other abuses. Since the start of the evacuation operation in 2017, more than 4,100 individuals have been brought to safety — including more than 1,500 last year. Now, their journeys begin anew.\n“As violence in Tripoli intensifies, these evacuations have never been more urgent.”\nVincent Cochetel, UNHCR Special Envoy for the Central Mediterranean\nAbdulbasit, Zainab, and Hadia\n©UNHCR/Tobin Jones\nYoung Somali refugee couple Abdulbasit and Zainab and their two-month-old daughter Hadia are seen on their first day at the Gashora Emergency Transit Centre in Rwanda. They were among 66 highly vulnerable refugees — including 22 children separated from their parents and wider family — evacuated as part of the Emergency Transit Mechanism (ETM). The ETM is an agreement between the Rwandan government, the African Union and UNHCR seeking to move refugees most at risk in Libya to Rwanda. Many suffered human rights abuses, including beatings, extortion and rape during their time held in detention. “I am very happy,” says Zainab. “We had a dream of getting out of Libya and now we are finally able to live in peace.”\nSemeren, Fathawey, and Habtom\n©UNHCR/ Mohamed Alalem\n(From left to right) Semeren, Fathawey and Habtom met during their perilous journey from Eritrea to Libya. They stuck together to survive the torture and abuse they experienced. They gathered money to cross the Mediterranean to Europe, but their boat caught fire in the middle of the sea. While awaiting rescue, they witnessed more than 100 people, children, women and men drown. After more than eight hours at sea, help finally arrived — but they were taken back to Libya and placed in a detention centre where they stayed for months in squalid conditions. After their release, they found a small, barely-furnished room where they stayed while trying to provide for themselves. “The evacuation to Rwanda is a dream come true. We will regain our humanity and our lives will have meaning again.”\n©UNHCR/Eugene Sibomana\nDelmar fled Somalia in 2015 after witnessing the death of his father and older brother at the hands of Al Shabab. To reach Libya, he travelled through war-torn Yemen, then Sudan. Upon arrival in Libya, he was kidnapped and held in the Bani Walid warehouse. Kidnappers demanded money and threatened him with torture, beatings and starvation. With the help of friends and family back home, he managed to collect some money to buy his freedom.\nREAD THE ONLINE EDITION OF THE UNHCR MAGAZINE\nHome » The survivors: Snapshots of desperate journeys out of Libya to safety","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line676897"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5994277596473694,"wiki_prob":0.5994277596473694,"text":"Gold Story: How A Health Scare Motivated This Runner To Run A 50K For Her 50th Birthday\nGold Stories\n“I don’t know how to swim, I don’t know how to ride a bike, but I can run!” San Francisco Marathon runner Marlena said when she decided to start running.\nAt the age of 43, Marlena thought she may be having a stroke. She’s a nurse, so she knows the symptoms, and she ended up in the emergency room while she was having a really bad headache and very high blood pressure.\nIt ended up not being a stroke, but she did have a headache for 10 days and her doctor was still concerned.\nHer diagnosis was similar to what many people experience at the doctor’s office: he told her that she was a little overweight, she needed to eat better, and start exercising more.\nShe thought about how she wanted to do that, and since she wasn’t planning to swim or bike she decided to start running, in addition to going to the gym regularly and eating better too.\n“I needed to change my lifestyle,” Marlena said. “I had never run before, so I decided to challenge myself.” She had two kids, she worked a lot and had a stressful job, and she knew she needed to get healthier and take care of herself.\nRegistering For Her First Race\nAt first Marlena just started running around her neighborhood — she still does that regularly because she says she likes seeing her neighbors while she’s running.\nBut, then she decided she needed a little more, so she registered for her first 5K, a Girls on the Run event in Sacramento. She thought that by registering for a race and being able to run with other people, it would motivate her to keep going and try harder.\n“I placed third in my age group!” she remembers about that first race. “So that motivated me.”\nShe continued to register for and run more and more races, gradually increasing the distance. She ran more 5Ks, some 10Ks, and then she decided to set a goal for herself to run a half marathon.\nSan Francisco: Achieving Goals & Earning Medals\nAbout six months after she ran her first 5K, she ran her first half marathon, the San Francisco 2nd Half Marathon.\nAfter she ran that race, she thought, “Wow, I can do this!”\nIn 2016 and 2017, Marlena said she ran a half marathon just about every month. She just kept running.\nThen in 2017, she ran the San Francisco 1st Half Marathon, which qualified her to receive the Half It All Challenge medal.\nAfter that, she decided to set a new goal for herself: to run a full marathon.\nLater that same year, she accomplished that goal too. Marlena ran her first full marathon at CIM in December 2017. She joined a training program through CIM that helped first time full marathon runners and followed their weekly schedule as she prepared for her first full marathon.\nShe was proud of herself for accomplishing that goal, saying, “It was an achievement for me.”\nSince she knew she was capable of running a full marathon now, Marlena decided that the San Francisco Full Marathon was next.\nShe ran the full marathon in 2018, and since she had run the two half marathons consecutively the two years before that, she joined the San Francisco Marathon 52 Club, earning her exclusive hoodie.\n“San Francisco is a very challenging course. Just doing it is an achievement. I have the sticker proudly displayed in my car. I did the San Francisco Marathon!” Marlena says.\nIn 2019, she ran the 1st Half in San Francisco again, and she’s planning on running the 2nd Half Marathon again in 2020. She wants to get that 52 Club hoodie again next year, so she’s planning to run the Full Marathon again in 2021.\nThis year Marlena will be a fifth year Loyal Runner and she said she’s excited about getting her flag and the number of years she’s run the San Francisco Marathon printed on her shirt, as well as her five-year anniversary gift, a picnic blanket.\nMarlena lives in Vacaville and says she doesn’t travel to San Francisco all that often, so she enjoys her trips each summer for the marathon.\nShe says the race “gives you a different perspective” of San Francisco. “I love going to the Bridge and back. And then that area after the bridge, the beach area, you don’t see that very often, so that’s fun to see.”\nAnd she says she loves the San Francisco Marathon after party too, of course!\nMarlena also runs the Berkeley Half Marathon every year too, so she also earns her SF/Berkeley Challenge medal. She loves getting all the medals and extra gifts from the races.\n“Who doesn’t love extra bling and gifts? I love wearing the race shirts to the gym or the store as well,” Marlena says.\nShe’s Getting Healthy & Motivating Others\nSince she started running, Marlena has been feeling better too. Her blood pressure is better, her stamina is better.\nShe says that people at work tease her now, saying things like, “Oh, she’s a runner, you can’t keep up with her!”\n“I like increasing my heart rate and the way my heart reacts when I’m running,” Marlena says.\nShe has cut down on her running a bit recently because of a hip injury, but she’s hoping to let that heal and then continue running this year.\nMarlena has a new goal for 2020: “I’m turning 50 this year, so I want to run a 50K. I want to continue to challenge myself and run an ultra by running a 50K, in honor of my 50th birthday.”\nShe’s also encouraging others to run too – her two kids who are 18 and 17 now, her friends and family.\nMarlena displays all of her medals and racing bibs proudly in her home, to show people who visit what she has accomplished and try to encourage them to try out a race, even a 5K, just to get started.\nIf you are like Marlena too and need some motivation to get started, the San Francisco Marathon also has two 5K races, one on Saturday and one on Sunday of race weekend. You can even get the Double Up Challenge medal by running the 5K on Saturday and any of the Sunday races.\nMarlena would tell you: “Don’t be scared. It’s a great way to get started on running. It’s great motivation and you have such a great feeling of achievement at the finish line and getting that medal!”\nIn honor and celebration of the 2020 Summer Olympic Games that will be happening at the same time as the 2020 San Francisco Marathon, we are telling runners’ Gold Stories.\nFor many, running in the Olympics may be a far off dream, but we know you have your own goals and achievements that we want to hear about and celebrate, because everyone can have their own version of a Gold Goal!\nSo, what’s your Gold Story? Share your story with us here and we may feature your story next!\nWelcome To San Francisco | Your SF Marathon Race Weekend Guide\nWHY LOCALS LOVE RUNNING THE SAN FRANCISCO MARATHON\nNo Replies to \"Gold Story: How A Health Scare Motivated This Runner To Run A 50K For Her 50th Birthday\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line296621"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5135923027992249,"wiki_prob":0.5135923027992249,"text":"Indicted pizzeria owner loses tourism agency post\nOCEAN CITY – The co-owner of a chain of landmark Jersey Shore pizza places will not be reappointed to a local tourism board while he and his wife face federal tax charges.\nThe Ocean City Council pulled a resolution from its Thursday night meeting that would have reappointed Charles Bangle, co-owner of the Manco & Manco pizzeria stores, to its Tourist Development Commission.\nBangle and his wife face a 30-count indictment that alleges they failed to report $980,000 in income from 2007 until 2011.\nReaction had been mixed among council members to Mayor Jay Gillian’s decision to reappoint Bangle, who has pizzerias on the boardwalk in Ocean City and in Somers Point. Several city officials said Bangle has done admirable work, but Councilman Pete Guinosso objected.\n“I’m happy they’ve realized there’s a real issue here that needs to be addressed and they’ve addressed it,” said Guinosso, who had described the reappointment as “crazy.” “It was the right thing to do.”\nGillian’s office defended the choice, saying Bangle was entitled to his day in court. But he changed course on Thursday.\n“Following discussions between the administration and Charles Bangle over the past two days, it was agreed that Mr. Bangle would not be reappointed to a position on the Ocean City Tourist Development Commission at this time,” the city said in a statement authorized by Gillian.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line881696"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6902546882629395,"wiki_prob":0.6902546882629395,"text":"Father’s Very Poor Lifestyle Choices Foreclose Access to His Kids\nThere is no question that Family Law courts have to deal with a broad and interesting array of human stories, not to mention a host of difficult decisions. In a recent case called H.P. v. P.L.C., the Ontario court had to consider how a father’s poor lifestyle choices and history of violence should affect his access to his children.\nThe spouses, who had two children together, had a tumultuous relationship throughout their 5-year marriage. The father was violent, and had sexually assaulted the mother at least eight times, including one three-hour ordeal when she was five months pregnant. The children were present or in the next room for all but one of those incidents. There was also evidence that during the marriage the father had sexual encounters with both men and women.\nThe father’s history as a provider was also checkered: he had worked seven different hobs during the course of their relatively brief relationship, and they had lived in 10 different homes in the 6.5 years they were together. When the mother indicated that she wanted to leave, the father stole her bank card, and emptied her account.\nAfter separation, the mother obtained an order for full custody, together with a restraining order. He was also criminally charged with four of the eight sexual assaults, pleaded guilty to one, and served 16 months in jail.\nThe father then applied to the court for access to his children, claiming that there had been a material change in circumstances affecting the children’s best interests. He professed to having developed “adaptive coping strategies” to his anger issues, including reliance on spiritual beliefs, community, exercise and counseling.\nThe court considered all the evidence. It noted that the father had had a terrible upbringing, and had been both the victim of abuse, and as an older child had sexually abused siblings and their friends himself. He professed to having turned his life around; he had also been recently diagnosed with a Gender Identity Disorder, and embarked on a medically-supervised gender transition program. (He filed materials in court using his new female identity.)\nHowever, the court was still troubled with the father’s present-day conduct. It went through a host of concerns relating to the father’s current behavior. For example, he was still engaging in “I Love Sex” parties with random strangers, liked to post explicit pictures and sexual descriptions on Facebook, and was engaged in prostitution, which he continued to do so even throughout the court proceedings. The court expressed its concern with the nature of that enterprise:\nWhile [the gender-reassigned father]. has denied that she entertains clients in her home, the phrasing of the advertisements is of concern. One advertisement on the internet sets out where she is prepared to engage in sex: “my place, his place, outdoors, restroom, bathhouse, theatre, truck stop or gym”.\nAnd while the father had undertaken some counseling from Sexaholics Anonymous, he did not put forth any evidence that he had completed any of the therapeutic measures that had been recommended for him. He also claimed that it was difficult to obtain work as a transgendered person, but the court found that even with that in mind, the father was not making much of an effort to look.\nIn short, the court concluded that there was simply no evidence that the father had started to focus on the children’s needs in terms of obtaining regular work, or offering to pay any child support. Nor was there any indication that the children would benefit from contact with him at all. In terms of the legal test involved, there had not been any “material change” which would support a finding that the father should have access to his children in these circumstances.\nH.P. v. P.L.C., 2013 ONCJ 399 (CanLII) http://canlii.ca/t/fzqtc\nAt Russell Alexander, Family Lawyers our focus is exclusively family law, offering pre-separation legal advice and assisting clients with family related issues including: custody and access, separation agreements, child and spousal support, division of family property, paternity disputes, and enforcement of court orders. For more information, visit us at www.RussellAlexander.com.\nCourt Cases & Orders • Educational Resources\nRepresenting Yourself and Asking for Legal Costs? Read this First\nAffairs, Adultery & Spying • Court Cases & Orders\nSupreme Court of Canada Clarifies Disclosure Principles\nJudge challenges public defender to fist fight (and then loses job) – video\nHow Family Law Can Give Rise to Civil Claims for Malicious Prosecution\nLeaving lost wages? Court may order an unequal division property.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1017669"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5340569615364075,"wiki_prob":0.46594303846359253,"text":"Home Business Economy EBOLANOMICS\nEBOLANOMICS\nBy James Surowiecki\nThe deadly hemorrhagic fever Ebola was first discovered in 1976, and it has haunted the public imagination for twenty years, ever since the publication of Richard Preston’s “The Hot Zone.” Yet, in all that time, no drug has ever been approved to treat the disease. Now the deadliest outbreak yet is raging in West Africa, and there are no real tools to stop it. (Supplies of the experimental drug administered to two American patients have already run out.) The lack of an Ebola treatment is disturbing. But, given the way drug development is funded, it’s also predictable.\nWhen pharmaceutical companies are deciding where to direct their R. & D. money, they naturally assess the potential market for a drug candidate. That means that they have an incentive to target diseases that affect wealthier people (above all, people in the developed world), who can afford to pay a lot. They have an incentive to make drugs that many people will take. And they have an incentive to make drugs that people will take regularly for a long time—drugs like statins.\nThis system does a reasonable job of getting Westerners the drugs they want (albeit often at high prices). But it also leads to enormous underinvestment in certain kinds of diseases and certain categories of drugs. Diseases that mostly affect poor people in poor countries aren’t a research priority, because it’s unlikely that those markets will ever provide a decent return. So diseases like malaria and tuberculosis, which together kill two million people a year, have received less attention from pharmaceutical companies than high cholesterol. Then, there’s what the World Health Organization calls “neglected tropical diseases,” such as Chagas disease and dengue; they affect more than a billion people and kill as many as half a million a year. One study found that of the more than fifteen hundred drugs that came to market between 1975 and 2004 just ten were targeted at these maladies. And when a disease’s victims are both poor and not very numerous that’s a double whammy. On both scores, a drug for Ebola looks like a bad investment: so far, the disease has appeared only in poor countries and has affected a relatively small number of people.\nIt’s not just developing nations that the system disserves, however. In recent years, the rise of drug-resistant microbes has made the antibiotics we use less effective and has increased the risk that an infectious disease could get out of control. What people in the West need, health officials agree, is new drugs that we can keep in reserve against an outbreak that regular antibiotics can’t contain. Yet, over the past thirty years, the supply of new antibiotics has slowed to a trickle. “Antibiotic resistance really has the potential to make everything about the way we live different,” Kevin Outterson, a co-director of the Health Law program at Boston University and a founding member of the C.D.C.’s working group on antimicrobial resistance, told me. “So we need to stoke the pipeline.”\nThe trouble, again, is the business model. If a drug company did invent a powerful new antibiotic, we wouldn’t want it to be widely prescribed, because the goal would be to delay resistance. “Public-health officials would appropriately try to limit sales of the drug as much as possible,” Outterson says: a good public-health policy; a bad investment prospect.\nSo how can we get the drugs we need without magically transforming the industry that develops them? The key is to reward companies for creating substantial public-health benefits. And the simplest way to do this would be to offer prizes for new drugs. Outterson describes one scenario: “The government would make a payment or a stream of payments to the company, and in exchange the company would give up the right to sell the product.” The drug company would get paid, and would avoid all the expenses of trying to push a new product (which you don’t want with a last-resort antibiotic, anyway). Society would get a new drug, and public-health officials would be able to control how it was promoted and used.\nPrizes aren’t a new idea—in the seventeen-hundreds, the British government successfully used a prize to find a method for measuring longitude at sea. But, in the past couple of decades, they’ve become more common, with prizes being offered for things like innovations in private space flight and an arsenic filter for safe drinking water. The Obama Administration has been especially active in this area, offering more than a hundred and fifty prizes for a range of technological breakthroughs. Economists on both the left and the right see them as a useful way to spark innovation. They’re cost-effective, since you have to pay only if the product works. They’re well suited to encouraging investment in public goods—like antibiotics and vaccines—where the benefits of an innovation aren’t reaped only by those who use it. (My family is safer if yours is vaccinated.) They rely on existing infrastructure. And, in economic jargon, they harness market forces by “pulling” research into neglected areas.\nThe up-front costs of a prize system would be substantial—a recent report commissioned by the F.D.A. estimated that it would cost a billion dollars to get a great new antibiotic, factoring in tax credits. But we’d save lives by developing the drugs we need and taking measures against future disaster. The alternative is pretty grim: a system that, when it comes to some fierce mortal perils, is leaving a lot of blood on the floor.\nThe AfricaPaper: James Surowiecki has been a staff writer at The New Yorker since 2000, and writes The Financial Page.\nPrevious articleEvaluating Ebola as a Biological Weapon\nNext articleThe Ebola Wars","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1566214"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7312217950820923,"wiki_prob":0.2687782049179077,"text":"See the UPDATED 2018 CALENDAR HERE.\nUpdated for 2017. At this time of year, thoughts turn to spring. Let's spring forward to blooming times, the best locations for witnessing spring's beginnings, and springtime events in the big city. While the occasional snow could blow through the city, we're just weeks now from callery pears in bloom and opening day at the ballpark.\nIn The Ramble, Central Park. mid-April\nBlooming Times\n• Central Park Conservancy's website lists blooming times within the park. During the month of March we begin to see crocus, daffodils, forsythia, snowdrops, witch-hazel, and hellebores. Species tulips will emerge in several places, but the Shakespeare Garden and Conservatory Garden are particularly good places to catch the beginning of Spring blooms.\nCentral Park near E. 72nd St., saucer magnolia, typically end of March.\n• Citywide Blooming Calendar from New York City Department of Parks & Recreation\nApril is usually the month when full blooms appear in New York City, and this NYC Parks website provides a handy monthly guide to the specific locations of blooming trees, flowers, shrubs, and buds.\n• Heritage Crabapple Trees. New York City Department of Parks & Recreation\nCelebrating the great beautiful flowering crabapples, this page on the NYC Parks site explains why you can't buy and plant a crabapple today and expect it to look as beautiful as those in Central Park.\n• By late March or the first week of April, the callery pears should be in bloom, providing a soft white canopy on many New York streets. These trees can withstand urban pollution, but storms can wreak havoc on them.\nCallery pear trees in bloom in front of the Rubin Museum of Art\nHigh Line. Spring Cutback\n• Check out The Orchid Show: Thailand, a special presentation of a dazzling collection of orchids brought to you by The New York Botanical Garden in the Enid A. Haupt Conservatory. Bronx River Parkway at Fordham Road Bronx. The special show continues through April 9, 2017.\n• Walking Off the Big Apple's favorite annual spring walk is wandering in the Ramble in Central Park.\n• The High Line features plantings around the seasons.\n• Million TreesNYC. See how you can help this citywide, public-private program to plant and care for one million new trees across the City's five boroughs over the next decade.\n• Visit the Prospect Park Alliance website for interactive guides to the park, seasonal events, and more. When visiting in person, locate the park's Audubon Center for a quick orientation.\n• While many of the city's parks sponsor events for the season, Fort Tryon Park in Upper Manhattan offers particularly good fitness opportunities in a spectacular setting. Consult the Fort Tryon Park Trust website for more information.\nAt The Cloisters, Fort Tryon Park, late April.\n• While in Fort Tryon Park, visit The Cloisters. The Metropolitan Museum of Art's medieval branch is one of the best places to see varieties of plants in bloom.\n• For those seeking to understand the ecology of the city's landscapes, explore the Wildlife Conservation Society's Welikia project, the city-wide expansion of their popular Mannahatta.\n• According to the Victory Seeds website, the average last frost in New York City is April 13.\nSpring Events for March and April 2017\nProspect Park, Brooklyn, in late April\n• The 22nd annual Armory Show, the city's big contemporary art fair, March 2-5, 2017. Piers 92 and 94 on the far West Side. 711 12th Avenue at 55th Street. Website.\n• Daylight Saving Time begins March 12, 2017 at 2:00 a.m.\n• Friday, March 17, 2017 St. Patrick's Day Parade. Fifth Avenue, from 44th to 79th Streets. Begins at 11 a.m. Limerick native Michael J. Dowling, President & CEO of Northwell Health, serves as this year's Grand Marshal. Consult this St. Patrick's Day post that includes Walking Off the Big Apple's awesome bar and parade map, plus bonus Judy Garland song.\n• Sunday, March 26, 2017. 1 pm. Greek Independence Day Parade. Fifth Avenue. 64th to 79th Streets.\n• Macy's Flower Show. March 26 -April 9, 2017. Website.\n• April 1, 2017. Pillow Fight Day. 3 p.m. Location TBA.\nPillow Fight Day\nSpring silliness\n• Monday, April 3, 2017 at 1:10 p.m. Home opener. Atlanta Braves at New York Mets. Citi Field, Flushing, Queens. Official site.\n• Wednesday, April 5, 2017. The first Wednesday in April is National Walking Day, an initiative of the American Heart Association to encourage the benefits of walking. Here at Walking Off the Big Apple, every day is walking day, weather permitting.\nConey Island attractions open April 8-9, 2017.\n• Opening weekend, Coney Island attractions. April 8-9, 2017. Read more on this site about Coney Island's landscape and history.\n• Monday, April 10, 2017. Home opener. Rays at New York Yankees. 1:05 p.m. Yankee Stadium, Bronx. Official site.\n• April 14 - 23, 2017. New York International Auto Show. Jacob Javits Center.\nEaster Parade, Fifth Avenue.\n• Sunday, April 16, 2017. Easter Parade. Fifth Avenue, beginning near St. Patrick's Cathedral. 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 49th to 57th Streets.\nOn the High Line, walking toward the Whitney Museum of American Art\n• April 19 - April 30, 2017. Tribeca Film Festival. Some of the special events take place outdoors.\nCherry blossoms on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Fifth Avenue.\n• April 29 - April 30, 2017. 10 am - 6 pm, Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Japanese Cherry Blossom Festival - Sakura Matsuri 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. Rain or shine. Free with admission. Celebration of Japanese culture and the blossoming of the garden's cherry trees. Also, consult the garden's Cherry Blossom Status Map for opportunities to visit.\nCalla Lilies on Mulberry Street, Little Italy\n• Purim begins at sundown on March 11, 2017 and ends the evening of March 12, 2017.\n• Sunday, April 9, 2017. Palm Sunday, beginning of Holy Week.\n• Passover begins at sundown on April 10, 2017 and continues for 7 days until April 18, 2017.\n• Easter Sunday falls on Sunday, April 16, 2017.\n• Vernal Equinox in New York City, First Day of Spring. March 20, 2017. 6:28 a.m. EDT\n• The National Weather Service can and does predict the weather, issuing long-range maps and outlooks for the months ahead. Their monthly and seasonal color maps for the upcoming months indicates that New York City will see above average temperatures, not just for spring but for most months ahead.\n• Several good blogs and websites keep track of the city's animal life. Among them - Urban Hawks is especially observant of the adventures of our red-tailed hawks; The City Birder is a good source of information for birdwatching in the big city. Follow the continuing adventures of the hawks in Washington Square Park and other areas with Roger Paw.\n• New York City Birding: See the home page of NYC Audubon for events, trips, classes, and programs.\nBirding in Central Park\nImages by Walking Off the Big Apple. Clicking on the pictures above enlarges them.\nblooming times blooms Central Park cherry blossoms Easter Easter Parade events parks Passover seasons spring St. Patrick's Day\nLabels: blooming times blooms Central Park cherry blossoms Easter Easter Parade events parks Passover seasons spring St. Patrick's Day\nMount Olympus on Fifth Avenue\nVigée Le Brun at The Met\nSpring Training: Conquering the Hilly Terrain of N...\nOn the Brooklyn Waterfront: An Afternoon Visit to ...\nThe World Trade Center Transportation Hub Opens: I...\nBig Things to See at the American Museum of Natura...\nA New York Spring Calendar: Blooming Times and Sea...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line114696"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9073991179466248,"wiki_prob":0.9073991179466248,"text":"Age69Born on16 April 1952 in Detroit, Michigan, USA\nWilliam Richard \"Billy\" West (born April 16, 1950) is an American voice actor. He launched his career in the early 1980s performing daily comedic routines on Boston's WBCN (TOP Rock station of the time) shortly after moving on to do the revival of Beany and Cecil and was also a castmember on the Howard Stern's radio show during the early to mid 1990s. West is best known for his voice-work on Ren & Stimpy, Doug and Futurama. His favorite characters are Philip J. Fry (Futurama) and Stimpy (Ren and Stimpy), both of which he originated. West's most notable film work was in Space Jam (1996) providing the voice of both Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd; he has provided the same voices for other Looney Tunes films and video games. West has been very outspoken over his displeasure about the influx of movie star actors providing voice-over for films and major shows. As well as a voice artist, West is also a guitarist and singer-songwriter with a band called Billy West and The Grief Counselors.\nSorcerio (voice)\nBashful (voice)\nFry / Professor Farnsworth / Zoidberg / Zapp Brannigan (Voice)\nRancid Rabbit (voice)\nDoug Funnie (voice)\nStimpson J. \"Stimpy\" Cat (voice)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1264263"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8597233295440674,"wiki_prob":0.8597233295440674,"text":"Priyanka Chopra, Nick Jonas' virtual PDA session\nLOS ANGELES - Actress Priyanka Chopra is setting relationship goals by sharing loved-up photographs with husband and pop star Nick Jonas from her Miami birthday vacation. Priyanka turned 37 on July 18. She celebrated her birthday with her family, including her mother Madhu Chopra and husband Nick in Miami. Priyanka took to Instagram to share some moments...\nfrom birthday celebrations, in which Priyanka and Nick can be seen embracing each other's company.\nThe most romantic of them all is the one which shows Priyanka lying in an inflated pool in a pink bikini with matching gloves as she holds on to Nick's foot. Shirtless Nick can be seen adoring Priyanka's smile.\nThe actress captioned the image: \"My heart\". Nick reacted to it with heart emojis. Nick's mother Denise Jonas also commented on the post saying, \"My favorite\".\nSocialite Paris Hilton also dropped a fire emoji in the comment section. The second image is a close-up of the couple. Priyanka is seen leaning her head on Nick's chest as they both look at each other adoringly. Instead of words, she used a simple heart emoji as a caption to the image. Actress Hillary Duff called the picture \"sweet\" while Nargis Fakhri wrote \"Ahhhhh to be in love\".\nThe third picture shows Priyanka dressed in colourful striped co-ords as she poses on the yacht.\nOn the work front, Priyanka is elated that her film \"The Sky Is Pink\", helmed by Shonali Bose, will have its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) on September 13.\n\"The Sky Is Pink\" is a love story of a couple -- Aditi and Niren Chaudhary -- spanning 25 years, told through the lens of their spunky teenage daughter -- Aisha Chaudhary, who was diagnosed with a terminal illness.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1187295"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9098147749900818,"wiki_prob":0.9098147749900818,"text":"Former UFC World Heavyweight Champ, Ricco Rodriguez, To Fight In SLC, Utah\nCourtesy of Ultimate Combat Experience:\nRicco Rodriguez is he former UFC World Heavyweight Champion. Having beaten the best of the best in the world like Randy Cotoure and Andre Arlovski, Rodriguez admittedly was sidelined by an addiction to drugs. Making his comeback after appearing on VH-1's Celebrity Rehab, he starts his trek back to the top at the E Center in West Valley City, Utah June 28, 2008.\nWest Valley City, Utah (June 17, 2008) -- One of the most prolific Mixed Martial Arts fighters ever to enter the cage will be performing in front of MMA fans at the E Center in West Valley, City, Utah Saturday June 28, 2008 in the Ultimate Combat Experience.\nRicco Rodriguez has beaten some of the best in the world. Randy Couture, Paul Bentuello, and Andre Arlovski (all in the top 10 of most world rankings) have all fallen at the hands of Rodriguez.\nA personal bout with drug addiction found Rodriguez falling from the upper echelon of the UFC heavyweight division and onto reality television on VH-1's Celebrity Rehab.\nRodriguez appears back and more determined than ever to fight his way back to the top. \"I learned a lot over the past several months,\" Says Rordriguez. \"I found out a lot about who I am and what is important in life. Right now I won't settle for anything but the belt.\"\nRodriguez will begin his journey toward that belt and the glory of being the best in the world at the E Center vs rising star, Chris Guillen.\nGuillen has thoughts of cracking into the top ten, himself. He sees this fight as an opportunity to get the attention of the powers that be at the UFC. \"I've won four of my last five fights. I am fighting the best of the best in Ricco.\nBeating him will definitely get me noticed,\" says the confident Guillen. He continues, \"I've watched his last few fights, and I think I've got a serious shot at beating him.\"\nTime will tell if Guillen has what it takes to unseat Rodriguez. Regardless of the outcome, fans in Salt Lake City will get their first taste of world-class mixed martial arts at the E Center on June 28th.\nThe Ultimate Combat Experience is a televised Mixed Martial Arts based TV program seen in most major US Markets on MAV TV, and on America One Networks.\nPhotos, B-Roll, and interviews available upon request.\nMike Stidham\nwww.ultimatecombat.com\n@ 3:17 PM ET","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line127618"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9994838833808899,"wiki_prob":0.9994838833808899,"text":"Life Changes Inspired Singer-Songwriter Birdy's Latest Album, 'Beautiful Lies'\nOlivia Bee/Atlantic Records\nGiven that her mother is a concert pianist, it’s not surprise that Jasmine Lucilla Elizabeth Jennifer van den Bogaerde, the singer-songwriter also known as Birdy, found music to be a powerful muse.\nBirdy, whose new album, Beautiful Lies, suggests a newfound maturity and compares favorably to the confessional approach that Tori Amos takes, says she was “surrounded by music” while growing up.\n“I always loved the piano based on what [my mother] played and what she taught me,” she says via phone from her London home. “ She would give me lessons. I’d be recording songs, and my parents loved it. My dad made me record the first songs when I was 8, so it was an album of like six songs, and I’m so glad he made me record them.”\nWinning an open mic competition at age 12 provided a confidence boost.\n“It was really exciting for me; it was the first time I played for people,” she says. “I was playing for a new audience. I got my own songs on YouTube, and I did a video thanking the fans for liking the song so much.”\nSomeone from a record company saw the video and got in touch with her. Things happened quickly after that. She put her cover of Bon Iver’s “Skinny Love” online, and the song became a sensation.\n“I always loved the song and I’d never done covers before that and I thought it could be really fun to do,” she says of “Skinny Love.” “I remember I was still in school; I was 14 when it came out, and it was on the radio. It was a crazy surreal time.”\nThanks to the success of the anthemic first single, “Keeping Your Head Up,” Beautiful Lies, her third studio release has become a hit. Birdy co-produced 6 of the 14 tracks on her new album with other producing credits going to Jim Abbiss (Arctic Monkeys/Adele) and MyRiot (London Grammar), while mixing duties were taken on by Craig Silvey (Arcade Fire/Florence and the Machine).\nBirdy, 20, says she had a “vision” for the album as she started to write the songs for it.\n“The songs are about change — part of me not wanting to be a grown-up but wanting to be free and to do my own thing,” she says. “The album feels so true to who I am. I’ve grown up with it. I could speak my mind on it, which was so nice.”\nRecorded in both London and Los Angeles, the album features more production than previous efforts. It commences with the soulful “Growing Pains,” a song that features Birdy’s distinctive falsetto and lush instrumentation. Birdy says it was “quite natural” for her to handle production duties.\n“I think I’ve always had it in me,” she says. “I’ve just been getting more confident and becoming more and more of a part of it which has been really nice. It just feels natural. It has gotten more natural on each album. It feels really comfortable.”\nBridy’s vocals seem to have evolved too, and her voice sounds more soulful.\n“I’ve been experimenting with my voice,” she says. “I discovered this whistle-y high voice actually. I love singing and had the soulful voice since I was little. It’s really nice for me to be soulful.”\nWith its cooing backing vocals and uptempo piano melody, “Keeping Your Head Up” might be the most infectious song in her catalog.\n“It’s kind of about looking to the future and remembering that if you are sad or alone there are really good things coming,” says Birdy. “I think a lot of that was from me moving to London and feeling quite lost without family or friends. I was living alone and had to meet new people and look after myself.”\nBirdy expresses a range of emotions on the album; some songs seem really uplifting and others come off as very pensive.\n“I was excited to be writing more uplifting songs, but I feel they are in a dreamy way,” she says. “I wanted them to sound quite peaceful — about finding peace and being happy. The first two albums had to be more restrained, but I feel like they were dreamy. I wanted the next songs and new album to be peaceful and happy and upbeat.”\nFor the current tour, Birdy says she’ll have a band in tow.\n“The people in the band are really brilliant and have become my best friends,” she says. “It’s a drummer, a bassist, a violinist, a guitarist and me on the piano. I went to see Kate Bush play in London a month ago, and it felt like stage production. I would love to bring some of that to the show as soon as possible.”\nBirdy, Bahari, 7 p.m. Tuesday, June 14, House of Blues, 308 Euclid Ave., 216-523-2583. Tickets: $20 ADV, $23 DOS, houseofblues.com.\nC-Notes Birdy House of Blues","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line519928"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.726466953754425,"wiki_prob":0.27353304624557495,"text":"An Introduction to Automation\nAn Introduction to AutomationCybiant2020-07-14T14:25:53+08:00\nINTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATION\nWhen talking about Service Automation, we should first talk about what led us to the idea of automating services. Automation isn’t a new concept and it dates back centuries to when humans invented basic automating tools like pulleys to make working easier. Automation is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, steering of vehicles, aircraft, ships, and other applications.\nAutomation technology has matured to a point where a number of other technologies have emerged from it. For example, service automation and artificial intelligence. Advanced robotics is a specialised branch of automation in which automated machine possess certain levels of artificial intelligence in order to enable increased workforce capabilities or task functions.\nPut simply, industrial robots and automated machinery are typically used to replace human workers in factory operations.\nAutomation provides benefits to almost every industry. Some examples are listed:\nManufacturing, including food and pharmaceutical, chemical and petroleum, pulp and paper\nTransportation, including automotive, aerospace, and rail\nUtilities, including water and wastewater, oil and gas, electric power, and telecommunications\nMilitary and civil defence\nFacility operations, including security, environmental control, energy management, safety, and other construction automation\nThis article aims to cover the fundamentals of automation, its historical development, principles, and applications in manufacturing and service industries.\nWHAT IS AUTOMATION?\nAutomation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed with minimal human interference through the use of technological or mechanical devices. It is the technique of making a process or a system operate automatically. Automation crosses all functions within almost every industry from installation, maintenance, manufacturing, marketing, sales, medicine, design, procurement, management, etc. Automation has revolutionised those areas in which it has been introduced, and there is scarcely an aspect of modern life that has been unaffected by it.\nFigure 1: Many different processes in factories have been completely automated in order to increase efficiency, productivity, and reduce workplace accidents.\nAutomation can be achieved by several different means including mechanical, electrical, electronic devices and computers, and hydraulic systems. Industries that involve very complicated systems such as modern factories, aircrafts and ships often use a combination of different automation techniques in order to maximise their process efficiencies.\nAutomation is a broad range of technologies that includes robotics and expert systems, telemetry and communications, electro-optics, Cybersecurity, process measurement and control, sensors, wireless applications, systems integration, test measurement, and more. Industrial automation in manufacturing entails the use of machines to carry out manufacturing processes with levels of speed, stamina, accuracy, and consistency with capabilities of that which is beyond the human worker.\nThe main benefits of automating processes in manufacturing include reduced production cost, reduced waste, improved quality and reliability, and drastically reduced workplace-related accidents.\nTHE HISTORY OF AUTOMATION\nNowadays many associate the term ‘automation’ with advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and robotics. They aren’t wrong. However, the history of automation technology goes back centuries and is much deeper than just these versions of automation that appeared in the last two or three decades. The idea of automation isn’t necessarily a modern one as the theory behind utilising automation technology dates back to hundreds of years ago but has only recently begun to become more task-specific and refined to fit certain industries.\nThe earliest known mention of automation can be credited to Homer’s “The Iliad”. Towards the end of the first book, Homer presents the tale of Hephaestus. Representing the Greek god of blacksmiths, craftsmen, metals, fire, volcanos, artisans and sculptors, Hephaestus was tasked with manufacturing all of the weaponry needed for the gods of Mount Olympus. To help himself with this task, he created automatons. These automatons were self-operating machines forged from metal. They helped Hephaestus with his task and made it possible for him to complete the required equipment for the gods. Although this tale is likely just a tale, its ancient mention proves that the idea of automation has been around for a long time.\nFor many centuries there has been evidence of different civilisations attempting to use forms of automation to solve everyday problems they faced. However, automation didn’t really become popular until the Industrial Revolution. After this period, there was a massive demand for basic things like cotton, textiles, paper, household items which meant there needed to be drastic changes in the production process to enable to mass-production of items. With an immense amount of emphasis placed on extreme efficiency and production, innovations in automation allowed for the mechanised production of textiles and other things.\nFigure 2: The Bridgewater Foundry was one of the earliest examples of a modern factory layout. This factory was designed for easy material handling, with cranes to handle the heavy lifting, and a railway through the building to help carry materials inside.\nIn 1806, the first paper-making machine was invented. Before this invention, industries could not satisfy the demands of developing modern society for large quantities of printing and writing material. This paper-making machine allowed for an industrialised version of the historical process of hand paper-making. This industrial revolution also saw other significant innovations such as the development of the transportation and communication industry, leading to the increased globalisation of companies, products, and immigration of workforces.\nIn 1913, Henry Ford installed the first moving assembly line for the mass production of an entire car. This innovation reduced the time it took to build a car from more than twelve hours to less than three. Ford was already selling relatively inexpensive cars but he wanted to reduce the cost even further. To do this, he has to completely change the production process in order to maximise efficiency. While producing the Model T automobile, the streamlining process grew more sophisticated and in order to make it easier, he broke the production process into 84 steps. In addition to this, they trained each worker to specialise in just one step. Ford’s assembly line was inspired by the continuous-flow production methods used by flour mills, breweries, canneries and industrial bakeries.\nOverall, automation has a rich history that spans over many centuries. The main uses of automation prior to the 20th and 21st century have been in industrial fields, and have only more recently been integrated into the IT industry. The drivers of all automation technology, however, have always been similar. With industrial automation, the goal was always clear: to improve the efficiency of manufacturing a variety of items.\nWith IT automation, the goal is to improve efficiency by creating a process that is self-sufficient and replaces an IT worker’s manual labor in data centers and cloud deployments. The parallels are clear, and they show why automation will always be prevalent in society.\nInnovating things to reduce the burden on humans, increase business productivity and make our lives easier in terms of reducing manual labor is something that has been important to us for centuries, and will continue to make its impact in the future.\nIntroduction to Scrum\nWhat is COBIT?\nNovember 22nd, 2021 | 0 Comments\nIntroduction to Agile: The 4 Fundamental Values","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1449359"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5787835121154785,"wiki_prob":0.4212164878845215,"text":"Peachland Chamber of Commerce\nIt was a successful AGM on Monday, Nov. 29. Here’s your 2021-2022 Peachland Chamber of Commerce board of directors!\nLeft to right is Chamber president Greg Sewell (Lauren Heights), Nicole Moreau (Royal Lepage), Murray Wood (Eagles Nest B&B), Bella Huang (Hainle Vineyards), Vice-president Adriana Preston (Century21), Secretary Curtis Urlacher (TNI), and John Anderson( Supplement King). Not pictured is treasurer Andrew Grieve (Acubed Holdings) and Colin Aves (Southern Comfort Air Conditioning.)\nThe Chamber would like to thank Bella Huang for providing wine from her Hainle Vineyard Estate Winery, and Dave Collins of Coldwell Banker, who kept everyone happy with the appetizers before the meeting got underway. It was the Chamber’s first in-person event in a very (very!) long time!\nHere’s what president Greg Sewell had to say:\n“As I look back on 2020-21, I am incredibly proud of the commitment to growth that I have witnessed by our Directors and members alike. 2021 was a year of transformation, and as we continued to support local businesses, we rallied to rise and thrive against the challenging economic environment. I am honoured to be elected for a second term as President, as it is truly my passion to support and grow our business community.”\nYou can look forward to more Chamber events this year – stay tuned!\nThe Peachland Chamber of Commerce is concerned the provincial government’s recent paid sick leave program does not strike a sufficient balance between the needs of employees and employers. This was written by the Chamber’s general manager, Patrick Van Minsel:\nOn Nov. 24, the provincial government announced a minimum of five paid sick leave days a year will be available to workers in B.C. starting Jan. 1, 2022. The legislation includes part-time workers.\nThere is no question that employers in both the private and non-profit sectors want to do what is best for their employees as a healthy workforce is critical to success. In fact, many employers already invest significantly in their workforce, including Employer Health Tax, Work Safe BC, vacation pay and extended health benefits.\nIt’s important to remember that most businesses in B.C. are not large corporations. Ninety-eight per cent are small businesses. Our concern with the government initiative is that it puts additional pressure on already tight financial margins for employers in the private, non-profit, and public sectors. When all the employee-related costs are combined, the impact is more than 30 per cent above wages. We had hoped the government would embrace a compromise that benefits both employees and employers.\nWe recommend to the government that it reimburse employers up to $200 a day for permanent paid sick leave, like what is currently available for Covid-19 related paid sick leave for up to three days per employee.\nAlternatively the government could cover the cost of permanent paid sick leave for a fix period so businesses and non-profits could adjust their financial plans to reflect this new cost.\nAs we have previously indicated businesses and non-profits are committed to a healthy workforce, but significant challenges arise from the cumulative impact of government taxation, employee benefits and the rising cost of living for utilities, rent, fuel and food. With fixed expenses climbing, employers may have to make tough decisions regarding equipment purchases, hiring new staff or providing raises. If employers can’t cut expenses elsewhere then this will create inflationary pressures as those costs will have to be passed on to consumers.”\n-Peachland Chamber of Commerce, Patrick Van Minsel – General Manager\nThe Chamber’s AGM is on Monday, Nov. 29! It’s happening at the TNI Chamber 2.0 Business Centre, starting at 7 p.m. If you show up starting around 6:15, you’ll have a chance to mingle and enjoy some appies! RSVP at peachlandchamber@gmail.com.\nAnd, after a two-year absence, the Business Excellence Awards are back! Watch for more info on that – and here’s what the Chamber has to say about the Kelowna airport announcing international flights will be landing again, starting November 30. This was issued as a press release:\nThe Peachland Chamber of Commerce is excited about a return to international flights touching down in the Okanagan Valley.\nOn Nov. 2, the federal government announced that starting Nov. 30, international flights carrying passengers are permitted to land at Kelowna International Airport (YLW).\nYLW is the gateway to Peachland and the Central Okanagan, providing easy access to the region for investors and visitors, while local businesses can connect their products and services with the rest of the world.\nThe resumption of international flights will not only support economic recovery of the entire region, but it also helps stabilize operations at YLW, which experienced a $2.5 million loss due to the lack of international flights. The federal government’s decision also tells airlines that the Okanagan is open for business.\nYLW is one of Canada’s fastest recovering airports, nearing 850,000 annual passengers, and offering more than sixty daily non-stop commercial flights with seven airlines. As of Nov. 1, YLW is connected to fourteen domestic destinations.\nWe are looking forward to welcoming the world back to the Okanagan to experience our winter activities, our dynamic cultural scene and amazing landscape.\nThank you to the administrative team at Kelowna International Airport for their leadership and perseverance in representing the entire Okanagan region. We also want to thank Transport Canada, Canadian Border Services Agency, and the Public Health Agency of Canada for resuming international flights.\n–Patrick Van Minsel, General Manager, Peachland Chamber of Commerce.\nHere’s what the Peachland Chamber of Commerce has to say about the Sept. 20 federal election:\nThe Peachland Chamber of Commerce will continue to provide its members and the community with a strong voice federally.\nOn Sept. 20, the Conservatives topped the polls in our riding while the Liberals continue with a minority government nationally.\nCongratulations to Dan Albas on his re-election as member of Parliament for our riding and we look forward to working with him on issues essential to a vibrant community and economy.\nWe want to thank Mr. Albas and the candidates for the Greens, Liberals, NDP and People’s Party for participating in the democratic process and providing local voters with a choice on the ballot.\nLeading up to election day, the Chamber held an all-candidates forum and the issues discussed included the labour shortage, the cost of housing, post-pandemic recovery, access to childcare, agricultural support and the link between economic development and reconciliation with indigenous communities.\nThanks to our more than 125 members, representing all business sectors and non-profits, the Chamber is able to advocate for meaningful change that supports the entrepreneurial spirit and creates opportunities for residents and families to succeed.\nAdvocacy is a fundamental component of the Chamber, and we will use the outcome of the election to renew our efforts on behalf of Peachland, whether it’s with our local MP, the federal government, or the opposition parties. We will also work actively with regional chambers, local government, and industry sectors to ensure our members are heard in Ottawa.\nThe Peachland Chamber is urging all parties to come together for the common good of the country.\nA minority government is a chance for MPs to pursue policies that move our communities and economy forward. Businesses work with diverse partners to succeed, and we expect similar cooperation among our elected officials.\nThe Chamber is also starting a youth division! The first official meeting will be 6 p.m. Monday, September 27 at 5878 Beach Avenue, TNI – Chamber 2.0 Business Centre Building. According to a note to Chamber members, the goal is to create strong young leaders and help young entrepreneurs. Chamber GM Patrick Van Minsel and the youth representative Paige Allin met with interested young people in August and determined there was enough interest to start. At the first meeting, you will elect your youth division chair, vice-chair, and secretary, learn about Robert’s Rules of Order and discuss upcoming topics of interest. Once elected, your president and one other director will have a seat and a vote at the senior Peachland Chamber board of directors. There will also be programming specifically for young entrepreneurs.\nA message from the Chamber’s Executive Director, Patrick Van Minsel:\nOn April 8, the provincial government announced that it will provide more than $50 million to help the 14,000 restaurants, bars, breweries, wineries, gyms and fitness centres affected by the March 30, 2021, provincial health orders. The new Circuit Breaker Business Relief Grant will provide affected businesses with up to $10,000 in one-time funding to help with expenses like rent, insurance, employee wages, maintenance and utilities. The grant can also help cover unexpected costs that resulted from the restrictions, such as the purchase of perishable goods.\nThe Peachland Chamber Executive Director Patrick Van Minsel echos the released statement of the BC Chamber of Commerce President and CEO, Fiona Famulak.\n“We applaud the B.C. government’s quick action to provide additional financial support to the many businesses impacted by the COVID-19 circuit breaker measures that came into effect on March 30, 2021. Those measures have had a devastating impact on businesses across the province. Today’s announcement of the Circuit Breaker Business Relief Grant signals that the government heard our Network’s feedback, understands the impact felt by businesses in the last 10 days, and the need to respond quickly.\nWe are particularly encouraged to learn that the criteria and roll-out process associated with the grant will help to ensure:\nboth established and start-up businesses have the financial support they need;\nfunds are accessed easily and quickly; and\nbusiness owners can apply the funds as they see fit.\nToday’s announcement is a win for business and demonstrates what can be achieved when private and public sectors adopt a collaborative approach to problem-solving.\nThat said, we know that businesses need more help and that our advocacy efforts are not done. We will therefore continue to listen to businesses’ feedback through our most recent BCMindReader.ca COVID-19 Pulse Check Survey and share the insights with the government so that they are informed and can take steps to respond effectively and in a timely manner.”\nAs noted above, to ensure affected businesses can access funds easily and quickly, the Circuit Breaker Business Relief Grant has a streamlined application process. Applications for the Circuit Breaker Business Relief Grant are expected to open the week of April 12, 2021.\nThe Chamber hosted a talk on Jan 18 to discuss the pace of development in Peachland. A total of 24 stakeholders participated. Here is a press release written by the Board of Directors (president Greg Sewell):\nThere’s some new faces in director positions at the Chamber. Their AGM was Nov 23, 2020 and 27 Chamber members were in attendance via Zoom. Eddy Labreque and Andrew Grieve have been elected for the first time and they join returning directors Greg Sewell, Cam Banman, Erin Chadwick, Nicole Moreau and Rocky Rocksborough-Smith. Greg Sewell is the new Chamber president, replacing Larry Guiilbault who has stepped down after five years of service. Those in attendance recognized the longtime work of three other directors who have stepped down: Dave Collins, Murray Wood and Darlene Hartford, who has put in an amazing 20 years of volunteering. Congratulations!\nHave you heard about the Chamber’s Humans of Peachland series? Local writer Matthew Abrey is talking to some familiar faces, along with others you may not have met. They all have stories to tell, and you can check them out right here!\nTo combat COVID-19 – related losses, the Chamber partnered with VantageOne Credit Union to bring you shoppeachlandbc.com, where you’ll find all sorts of local business. Gift certificates are available in $20 denominations – so you can shop as much as you want. Gift certificates will be emailed within five business days, and you can redeem them anytime after July 1. You can also donate to local non-profits such as the Peachland Wellness Centre and the Peachland Food Bank.\nAnother way the Chamber is reaching out, is through a survey to members every two weeks. Responses will allow the Peachland Chamber to better gauge how everyone’s needs are evolving, and to track the effectiveness of provincial and federal government initiatives.\nThe Peachland Chamber of Commerce’s new home at 5878C Beach Ave. is also home to the TNI Business Centre, where once it reopens, you can rent out offices, use the boardroom and take advantage of networking opportunities. The grand opening will take place at a future date.\nThe Chamber is also active within the BC Chamber of Commerce, advocating for local business and passing on various programs and plans to help BC business owners during this time. Even if you’re not a Chamber member at this time, their resources are still available.\nCheck out the Peachland Chamber of Commerce Facebook page for the latest updates. Do you want to become a Chamber member? Fill out an application form, here!\nWebsite: www.peachlandchamber.com\nEmail: peachlandchamber@gmail.com\nSee Related Stories:\nJan 12, 2021: It’s taking too long: District and developers are talking about permit delays\nDec 4, 2020: Tonight, the Christmas season starts in Peachland\nNov 2, 2020: Lots of interest, little space: Peachland’s biggest obstacle when it comes to cannabis\nSeptember 23, 2020: Peachland’s ‘no-growth’ scenario is now reality\nMay 12, 2020: Beach Ave Business reopens + pet store opens dog wash\nMay 1: Dinner with a View, 2020: One idea to help Beach Ave businesses\nMarch 23, 2020: Peachlanders can support local biz on new shopping website\nPeachland Watershed Protection Alliance\nA PWPA representative was able to take part in a tour of the new Peachland water treatment plant in late 2021. The District's Healthy Watersheds...\nHere's the latest from BEEPS - Peachland's Bat Education and Ecological Protection Society Here's a press release BEEPS just sent my way. It's from...\nPeachland History\nLocal historian Richard Smith was kind enough to send me some cool 'did you knows' about Peachland, and he's going to share what he knows right...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1367733"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8230391144752502,"wiki_prob":0.8230391144752502,"text":"Home > Opinions > Solberg v. Superior Court\nSolberg v. Superior Court\nSolberg v. Superior Court , 19 Cal.3d 182\n[S.F. No. 23449. Supreme Court of California. March 22, 1977.]\nDIANA D. SOLBERG et al., Petitioners, v. THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO et al., Respondents; THE PEOPLE, Real Party in Interest.\nTHE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. THE MUNICIPAL COURT FOR THE SAN FRANCISCO JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO et al., Defendants and Appellants; DIANA D. SOLBERG et al., Real Parties in Interest and Appellants\n(Opinion by Mosk, J., with Clark and Richardson, JJ., Sullivan, J., and Wright, J., concurring. Separate concurring and dissenting opinion by Tobriner, Acting C. J.)\nGilbert Eisenberg, Filippelli & Eisenberg and Ruth Astle for Petitioners and for Real Parties in Interest and Appellants.\nThomas M. O'Connor, City Attorney, Burk E. Delventhal, Deputy City Attorney, and Michael Hallinan for Defendants and Appellants.\nNo appearance for Respondents.\nEvelle J. Younger, Attorney General, Jack R. Winkler, Chief Assistant Attorney General, Edward P. O'Brien, Assistant Attorney General, Derald E. Granberg and John W. Runde, Deputy Attorneys General, for Real Party in Interest and for Plaintiff and Respondent.\nRoger S. Hanson, H. George Taylor, Donald M. Solomon, Sheldon Portman, Public Defender (Santa Clara), Keith C. Sorenson, District Attorney (San Mateo), Douglas J. Gray, Deputy District Attorney, Herbert M. Rosenthal, Garrett H. Elmore, Irell & Manella, Robert L. Winslow and Peter M. Hoffman as Amici Curiae.\nIn Johnson v. Superior Court (1958) 50 Cal.2d 693 [329 P.2d 5], we held that Code of Civil Procedure section 170.6, which provides for the disqualification of trial judges on motion supported by an affidavit of prejudice, does not violate the doctrine of the separation of [19 Cal.3d 187] powers or impair the independence of the judiciary. [1a] In these consolidated proceedings we are called upon to reconsider that decision in light of the experience with the statute during the intervening two decades and as applied here in a criminal context. We have undertaken that review, and conclude that the constitutionality of the statute should be reaffirmed.\nCode of Civil Procedure section 170.6 provides in substance that any party or attorney to a civil or criminal action may make an oral or written motion to disqualify the assigned judge, supported by an affidavit that the judge is prejudiced against such party or attorney or the interest thereof so that the affiant cannot or believes he cannot have an impartial trial. As hereinafter appears, there are strict limits on the timing and number of such motions; but if the motion is timely and in proper form, the judge must recuse himself without further proof and the case must be reassigned to another judge.\nThe facts of these proceedings are not in dispute. On October 9, 1975, a criminal complaint charging Tina Peoples with soliciting an act of prostitution (Pen. Code, § 647, subd. (b)) came before Judge Ollie Marie-Victoire of the San Francisco Municipal Court. Defense counsel filed a motion to dismiss the charge, and asked for a hearing date. Judge Marie-Victoire set the matter to be heard in her own department on November 12, 1975. At that point Deputy District Attorney Edward Rudloff, representing the People, asked to be sworn and made an oral motion to disqualify Judge Marie-Victoire pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 170.6. fn. 1 The judge declined to disqualify herself on the ground that the pending matter -- i.e., the motion to dismiss the charge -- presented the same issues of law and fact that she had adjudicated in similar prosecutions against other defendants a week earlier. Judge Marie-Victoire offered Rudloff the opportunity to challenge her for cause (Code Civ. Proc., § 170, subd. 5), but he declined.\nOn the same day criminal complaints charging Diana Solberg, Constance Black, and Javette Rollins with soliciting an act of prostitution also came before Judge Marie-Victoire. In each, defense counsel moved to dismiss; the judge set the matter for hearing in her own department on November 12; Rudloff summarily renewed his motion to disqualify; and the judge summarily denied it. [19 Cal.3d 188]\nOn the following day (October 10) Rudloff filed a formal written motion under section 170.6 to disqualify Judge Marie-Victoire from hearing the foregoing four pending matters. The motion was supported by his declaration under penalty of perjury substantially in the form prescribed by the statute. fn. 2 Judge Marie-Victoire denied the written motion on the same ground as she had rejected the oral motions.\nThe People promptly filed a petition in the San Francisco Superior Court for a writ of mandate or prohibition to compel Judge Marie-Victoire to disqualify herself from further proceedings in these actions. fn. 3 The matter was assigned to Judge Claude D. Perasso. Thereupon two of the four defendants in the underlying criminal actions, Diana Solberg and Tina Peoples, appearing as real parties in interest in the writ proceeding, filed a written motion under section 170.6 to disqualify Judge Perasso. The motion was supported by a declaration of their counsel under penalty of perjury similar to that previously filed by the People against Judge Marie-Victoire (fn. 2, ante). Judge Perasso denied the motion on two grounds hereinafter discussed, and proceeded with the hearing.\nCounsel for Judge Marie-Victoire and the municipal court offered to prove, inter alia, that the People's motions to disqualify Judge Marie-Victoire in the criminal actions were \"blanket challenges\" motivated by prosecutorial discontent with her prior rulings of law. Judge Perasso denied the offer as immaterial under the statute, and quashed subpoenas issued against the district attorney and his staff for the purpose of eliciting such proof. Counsel for Judge Marie-Victoire and the municipal court then declined to question the timeliness of the People's motions, and Judge Perasso determined that the motions -- at least in the written form presented on October 10 -- complied with the requirements of section 170.6. Accordingly, Judge Perasso rendered judgment ordering that a peremptory writ issue restraining Judge Marie-Victoire from taking any further proceedings in the four actions in question other than to disqualify herself and set the matters for hearing before another judge. [19 Cal.3d 189]\nJudge Marie-Victoire and the municipal court appealed from the judgment, and the appeal is now before us as People v. Municipal Court (Solberg), S.F. 23469. In addition, Diana Solberg and Tina Peoples filed a petition for writ of mandate or prohibition in the Court of Appeal to compel Judge Perasso to vacate his order denying their motion to disqualify him; that proceeding is now before us as Solberg v. Superior Court, S.F. 23449, on an alternative writ issued by the Court of Appeal. We begin with the latter proceeding.\n[2] Judge Perasso rested his denial of the motion to disqualify him on two grounds. First, he reasoned that in hearing the People's petition for a writ he was acting \"in an appellate capacity,\" and hence was exempt from disqualification under section 170.6. The point lacks merit.\nWhile it can be said in common parlance that the writ proceeding brought by the People had the effect of \"reviewing\" the challenged order of Judge Marie-Victoire, the proceeding was nevertheless a matter within the original jurisdiction of the superior court. (Cal. Const., art. VI, § 10; Code Civ. Proc., §§ 1085, 1103.) It is therefore within the express terms of section 170.6, which declares that after disqualification no superior court judge shall try \"any civil or criminal action or special proceeding of any kind or character\" (subd. (1)). In view of this statutory language it is irrelevant that the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal, as the Attorney General points out, have concurrent jurisdiction in such matters. The Attorney General also seeks to analogize Judge Perasso's trial of the writ proceeding to the assignment of a judge to the appellate department of the superior court. fn. 4 But the analogy fails, as the appellate department has a limited jurisdiction over certain appeals from municipal and justice courts only. (Cal. Const., art. VI, § 11; Code Civ. Proc., § 77, subd. (g); see generally Whittaker v. Superior Court (1968) 68 Cal.2d 357, 362-365 [66 Cal.Rptr. 710, 438 P.2d 358].)\n[3] Judge Perasso's second and principal ground for denying the motion to disqualify him was that it was filed neither by the People as plaintiffs nor by the defendant judge or court, but by the real parties in interest; such parties, he ruled, have no standing to move under section 170.6. The ruling was erroneous. When mandamus or prohibition is sought against a court, the judge is ordinarily a neutral party with no [19 Cal.3d 190] interest in the outcome; the litigant designated as the real party in interest is the true adverse party. (See Matter of De Lucca (1905) 146 Cal. 110, 113 [79 P. 853].) He is therefore entitled to oppose the application for the writ (Code Civ. Proc., § 1107; Cal. Rules of Court, rule 56 (a)(2)), and if warranted, to file a motion in the writ proceeding to disqualify the assigned judge pursuant to section 170.6. fn. 5\nNo question is raised as to either the timeliness or the formal sufficiency of the affidavit of disqualification filed by the real parties in interest; and as hereinafter appears, we have concluded that the statute is constitutional. It follows that Judge Perasso had no jurisdiction but to grant the motion and recuse himself. (Code Civ. Proc., § 170.6, subd. (3); see McCartney v. Commission on Judicial Qualifications (1974) 12 Cal.3d 512, 531-532 [116 Cal.Rptr. 260, 526 P.2d 268].) A writ of mandate will therefore lie to compel him to vacate his order denying the motion for disqualification.\nAll orders made thereafter by Judge Perasso in these proceedings are likewise void, including the judgment directing issuance of a peremptory writ commanding Judge Marie-Victoire to disqualify herself in the criminal matters. Nevertheless, the issues presented by the appeal from that judgment will doubtless arise on remand, and we therefore proceed to address their merits.\nPeople v. Municipal Court (Solberg)\n[4] Appellants Judge Marie-Victoire and the municipal court do not rely on the theory upon which the former denied the People's motion to disqualify her, and it is therefore deemed waived. fn. 6 [1b] Instead, appellants principally contend that section 170.6 is [19 Cal.3d 191] unconstitutional because it violates the doctrine of separation of powers (Cal. Const., art. III, § 3) and impairs the independence of the judiciary (Id., art. VI, § 1). As amplified by amici curiae, fn. 7 the contention is that because section 170.6 does not require the attorney or party to state the reasons for his allegation of prejudice, the statute in effect delegates to the representatives of the executive branch and to private litigants the legislative power to define the legal grounds for disqualification of trial judges; and because section 170.6 neither requires proof of such allegation of prejudice nor permits judicial review of its truth, the statute in effect delegates to the same persons the judicial power to determine whether such a ground in fact exists in the particular case in which it is invoked.\nIn Johnson v. Superior Court (1958) supra, 50 Cal.2d 693, 695-696, we rejected these identical arguments in sustaining the constitutionality of the statute. We have reviewed the decision in the light of the points raised in the present appeal, and we are convinced the opinion of Chief Justice Gibson therein, properly understood, remains sound law. For the guidance of bench and bar, however, we undertake to restate his reasoning and relate it to the concerns now urged upon us. fn. 8\n[5] At the outset it seems necessary to reiterate the basic principle of government underlying the decision in Johnson: the doctrine of the separation of powers, although enshrined in the Constitution and fundamental to the preservation of our civil liberties, \"does not mean that the three departments of our government are not in many respects mutually dependent.\" (Brydonjack v. State Bar (1929) 208 Cal. 439, 442 [281 P. 1018, 66 A.L.R. 1507].) [6] As this court explained more than half a century ago, \"the constitutional jurisdiction and powers of the superior court [as defined in article VI of the Constitution] can in nowise [19 Cal.3d 192] be trenched upon, lessened or limited by the legislature. While this is undoubtedly true it does not follow that the legislative department of the state government possesses no regulative power with relation to the jurisdiction of the superior courts of the state or to the method and procedure in and means of which the constitutional powers of these courts are to be exercised. On the contrary, it has been decided by this court in a long and consistent line of cases that 'the procedure by which the jurisdiction of said courts is to be exercised may be prescribed by the legislature, and that the statutory regulation thereof will be upheld unless such regulations should be found to substantially impair the constitutional powers of the courts or practically defeat their exercise.'\" (Sacramento etc. D. Dist. v. Superior Court (1925) 196 Cal. 414, 432 [238 P. 687].) To put the matter affirmatively and more simply, the Legislature may regulate the exercise of the jurisdiction of the courts by all reasonable means.\n[7] Applying the foregoing principle in Johnson, we held that the disqualification of trial judges is an aspect of the judicial system which is subject to reasonable legislative regulation; that prejudice may properly be declared a ground of such disqualification; and that it is \"wholly unnecessary\" -- we could have said it is virtually impossible -- for the Legislature to attempt to list \"the many conceivable factors which might cause a judge to be prejudiced.\" (50 Cal.2d at p. 696.) fn. 9\nWe then held that the method adopted by the Legislature for achieving its purpose was also reasonable. We first stressed the importance of maintaining the appearance as well as the fact of impartiality in the judicial system: the business of the courts, we observed, must be conducted in such a manner as will avoid even the \"suspicion of unfairness.\" (Id., at p. 697.) Secondly, we recognized the inherent difficulty of proving a state of mind such as prejudice, as well as the natural reluctance of courts to declare biased a judge who asserts that he is not. From these premises we reasoned that \"In order to insure confidence in the judiciary and avoid the suspicion which might arise from the belief of a litigant that the judge is biased in a case where it may be difficult or impossible for the litigant to persuade a court that his belief is justified, the Legislature could reasonably conclude that a party should have an opportunity to obtain the disqualification of a judge for [19 Cal.3d 193] prejudice, upon a sworn statement, without being required to establish it as a fact to the satisfaction of a judicial body.\" (Ibid.)\nMuch of the confusion about the rationale of Johnson would be cleared up if the last-quoted sentence were carefully read: we held the affidavit procedure to be reasonable in these circumstances not because it establishes prejudice \"as a fact\" but because it expresses \"the belief of a litigant\" that he cannot have a fair trial before the assigned judge. [8] Indeed, section 170.6 explicitly recognizes such belief as a sufficient ground for disqualification: although subdivision (1) speaks generally of establishing by affidavit that the judge in question \"is prejudiced,\" subdivision (2) explains that prejudice will be deemed \"established\" for this purpose if the party or his attorney swears he \"cannot or believes that he cannot have a fair and impartial trial or hearing before such judge\" (italics added).\nIt is thus a misreading of Johnson to charge that the decision is based on the \"fiction\" that the affidavit proves the judge is actually prejudiced, or that we there created an \"irrebuttable presumption\" of actual prejudice from the mere filing of such affidavit. Neither is true, for the reason that actual prejudice is not a prerequisite to invoking the statute. As we recently emphasized, \"It is well recognized that in enacting Code of Civil Procedure section 170.6 the Legislature guaranteed to litigants an extraordinary right to disqualify a judge. The right is 'automatic' in the sense that a good faith belief in prejudice is alone sufficient, proof of facts showing actual prejudice not being required.\" (Italics in original.) (McCartney v. Commission on Judicial Qualifications (1974) supra, 12 Cal.3d 512, 531.) The affidavit is thus simply a formal means of expressing such belief; and in order to preserve public confidence in the impartiality of the courts, the belief alone will justify disqualification. fn. 10 [19 Cal.3d 194]\nIt is earnestly contended, however, that Johnson is distinguishable because it addressed only the facial validity of section 170.6, and that the experience of the courts with the actual operation of the statute during the past two decades reveals such widespread and persistent abuses thereof as to warrant reconsideration of the question and a holding that section 170.6 is now unconstitutional as applied. The abuses which are said to have occurred may be divided into two principal categories.\nFirst, section 170.6 has assertedly been invoked for the purpose of \"judge-shopping,\" i.e., of removing the assigned judge from the case on grounds other than a belief that he is personally prejudiced within the meaning of the statute. It is conceded that a litigant is not entitled to insist on a judge of his choice. But it is argued that removal of a judge on unauthorized grounds artificially reduces the pool of qualified judges available to hear the case, injects an element of lawlessness into the judicial process, and operates in each case to abridge the neutrality of the judiciary.\nAmong the unauthorized grounds most commonly invoked, it is charged, is the disqualification of a judge because of his views on the law or on the exercise of judicial discretion. fn. 11 Such a disqualification assertedly has the chilling effect of discouraging judicial creativity in fashioning new rules of law, and violates the spirit of the settled principle that prior legal rulings do not constitute actual bias warranting removal of a judge for cause. (Calhoun v. Superior Court (1958) 51 Cal.2d 257, 260-261 [331 P.2d 648]; Kreling v. Superior Court (1944) 25 Cal.2d 305, 310-312 [153 P.2d 734], and cases cited.)\nDisqualification motions are also filed, it is alleged, when the party or his counsel believes the assigned judge is not professionally, emotionally, or physically competent to preside over the particular case, or has exhibited undesirable personality traits such as injudiciousness or [19 Cal.3d 195] irascibility to a degree which threatens to impair the conduct of the proceedings. Not only are these considerations improper under the statute, but it is claimed that such a decision tends too easily to turn on the litigant's opinion as to whether the judge's prior rulings were wise or correct; and in serious cases, disqualification on any of these grounds assertedly impinges on the constitutional powers of the Commission on Judicial Performance to censure, remove, or retire a judge in appropriate circumstances. (Cal. Const., art. VI, § 18.)\nSecond, section 170.6 is said to have been invoked for a variety of purely tactical advantages. In a single-judge court a litigant who files a motion to disqualify automatically obtains a significant delay while an outside judge is brought into the case. Some delay inevitably ensues even in multi-judge courts; and in multi-branch courts, a disqualification may also result in a desired change in the place as well as the date of trial. In addition, in courts with specialized departments -- such as a psychiatric or juvenile department -- the statute has been used to remove the judge regularly sitting in that department in the hope of benefiting from the substitution of a less experienced judge. Finally, it is charged the statute has been invoked to intimidate judges generally and in certain cases even to influence the outcome of judicial election campaigns (see, e.g., Maine v. Superior Court (1968) 68 Cal.2d 375, 386-387 [66 Cal.Rptr. 724, 438 P.2d 372]).\nWe need not lengthen this recital by recounting further examples of asserted abuse of section 170.6; they are doubtless known to the bench and bar. For present purposes we assume the charges are true. We do not condone such practices, nor do we underestimate their effect on the operation of our trial courts. [1c] Nevertheless for a number of reasons we are not persuaded that we should reconsider Johnson on this ground and hold the statute invalid as applied. fn. 12\nTo begin with, it is inaccurate to assert that we did not know of these abuses when we decided Johnson. It is true that section 170.6 had then been in effect for somewhat less than a year. (See fn. 20, post.) But the statutes of our sister states upon which it was modelled had been operational for many years, and we were well aware of the experience thereunder. (See cases collected at pp. 697-698 of 50 Cal.2d.) For [19 Cal.3d 196] example, one of the decisions on which we relied was the leading case of U'Ren v. Bagley (1926) 118 Ore. 77 [245 P. 1074, 46 A.L.R. 1173], which upheld the constitutionality of a disqualification statute essentially identical to section 170.6 (id., at pp. 1074-1075). More than three decades before Johnson the Oregon court acknowledged it was \"not unmindful that this law has been shamefully abused,\" and listed as examples the removal of judges because of their views on the law, disruptions of judicial assignments, and delays in bringing cases to trial. (Id., at p. 1077.) Nevertheless the court discounted the legal effect of such practices, reasoning that \"these are matters which may be more appropriately addressed to the Legislature. We are not justified in declaring a statute unconstitutional merely because of its abuse.\" (Ibid.)\nWe closely echoed these words in Johnson, declaring that \"The possibility that the section may be abused by parties seeking to delay trial or to obtain a favorable judge was a matter to be balanced by the Legislature against the desirability of the objective of the statute. ... [A]nd the fact that some persons may abuse the section is not a ground for holding the provision to be unconstitutional.\" (50 Cal.2d at p. 697.) It is a further misreading of Johnson to take this passage to refer only to hypothetical abuses potentially occurring in the future. Although we did not pause to catalog the various misuses of the statute, the practices now complained of were clearly within the contemplation of the court. The experience of the ensuing years has added quantitatively but not qualitatively to our understanding of the problem. In these circumstances Johnson cannot fairly be distinguished on the ground that it sustained only the facial validity of section 170.6.\nSecondly, a case can be made for the proposition that some of the abuses condemned by amici judges are self-limiting. For example, a lawyer who practices in a single-judge court must realize that an improper use of section 170.6 in one or more cases risks antagonizing the very judge before whom he must inevitably appear in all the other cases he has and will have in that court. It is true that an individual litigant may not share his concern, but the lawyer's self-interest should give him ample incentive to dissuade his client from demanding an unjustified disqualification. In a multi-judge court this risk is attenuated but not negligible; and in both settings it is compounded by the real possibility that the substitute judge who enters the case may be even less satisfactory to the lawyer or his client than the judge whom they disqualify. In that event there is no escape from the dilemma -- short of undertaking the often difficult task of attempting to prove actual bias under section [19 Cal.3d 197] 170 -- because subdivision (3) of section 170.6 declares that \"under no circumstances\" can a party or his attorney make more than one motion pursuant thereto in each case.\nThe latter provision, of course, is one of the several statutory safeguards which we characterized in Johnson as \"designed to minimize such abuses.\" (50 Cal.2d at p. 697.) The others are (ibid.) that the section \"requires that the party or his attorney show good faith by declaring under oath that the judge is prejudiced, and provides for timely making of the challenge before trial, for strictly limited granting of continuances, and for reassignment as promptly as possible.\"\nWe do not share amici judges' pessimistic view of the effectiveness of these safeguards. As to the affidavit requirement, we recognize that some minimal degree of false swearing may be unavoidable in any contemporary judicial system. But this does not mean the requirement is a hollow formality, or that substantial numbers of members of the bar are so neglectful of their personal and professional honor that they repeatedly perjure themselves merely to gain an uncertain advantage in litigation. We therefore reaffirm the belief we expressed in Johnson that \"We cannot properly assume that there will be a wholesale making of false statements under oath\" (50 Cal.2d at p. 697).\nNext we emphasize the important fact that in the years since Johnson the courts of this state have been vigilant to enforce the statutory restrictions on the number and timing of motions permitted. Thus decisions of the Courts of Appeal too numerous to cite have insisted on strict compliance with the requirement (subd. (2)) that if the assigned judge is known ten days before trial the motion must be made \"at least five days before that date.\" (See, e.g., Hospital Council of Northern Cal. v. Superior Court (1973) 30 Cal.App.3d 331, 338-340 [106 Cal.Rptr. 247].) The limitation of the statute to \"one motion for each side\" (subd. (3)), as amici judges concede, \"reduces the quality and quantity of the injury caused by the section.\" We enunciated a test for invoking this restriction in Johnson (50 Cal.2d at p. 700), and applied it in a criminal context in Pappa v. Superior Court (1960) 54 Cal.2d 350, 353-356 [5 Cal.Rptr. 703, 353 P.2d 311]. In the same case we construed the limitation of one motion \"in any one action\" (subd. (3)) to bar a second motion made on retrial. (Id., at p. 353.) And we construed the requirement that the motion be filed before \"trial of the cause has ... commenced\" (subd. (2)) to prohibit making a motion for the first time in post-trial matters which are essentially a \"continuation\" of the main proceeding, such as hearings [19 Cal.3d 198] on orders to modify (Jacobs v. Superior Court (1959) 53 Cal.2d 187 [1 Cal.Rptr. 9, 347 P.2d 9]) or enforce (McClenny v. Superior Court (1964) 60 Cal.2d 677 [36 Cal.Rptr. 459, 388 P.2d 691]) the original judgment. In the latter case we warned that \"We cannot ignore in defendant's position the potentiality for abuse of section 170.6. [9] We cannot permit a device intended for spare and protective use to be converted into a weapon of offense and thereby to become an obstruction to efficient judicial administration.\" (Id., at p. 689.) fn. 13\nAppellants and amici judges propose three additional constructions of section 170.6 to deal with the problem of abuse. As will appear, however, each would rewrite the statute in the guise of construing it, would introduce procedural complications resulting in delay, and would contravene the fundamental policies articulated in Johnson.\nThus appellants urge that section 170.6 be construed to create a \"rebuttable presumption\" shifting the burden of proof to the challenged judge: under this view, if a motion to disqualify is filed the judge must recuse himself unless he can prove \"to a reasonable degree of certainty\" that the motion is actually based on a disagreement with his prior rulings or on other improper considerations. But the proposal would require us to read out of the statute the express provision (subd. (3)) that when a motion is duly presented and an affidavit filed, \"thereupon and without any further act or proof\" another judge must be assigned to the case. [10] When statutory language is thus clear and unambiguous there is no need for construction, and courts should not indulge in it. (Caminetti v. Pac. Mutual L. Ins. Co. (1943) 22 Cal.2d 344, 353-354 [139 P.2d 908], and cases cited.) In any event the proposal would be wholly impractical in operation, as it would require the judge to prove facts on a subject which is not within his knowledge but within the knowledge of the moving party, i.e., the latter's motives for seeking to disqualify him.\nAmici judges propose two alternative constructions of the statute. First, they urge that we adopt the federal practice on judicial disqualification. fn. 14 [19 Cal.3d 199] Under federal law, a trial judge must disqualify himself when a party files an affidavit alleging he has a personal bias or prejudice against the affiant. (28 U.S.C. § 144.) In addition, however, the statute expressly decrees that \"The affidavit shall state the facts and the reasons for the belief that bias or prejudice exists,\" and the cases require this statement to be detailed and specific as to time, place, persons, and circumstances. The statute has consistently been interpreted to mean that although the judge must assume the truth of the facts asserted, he nevertheless has the right to determine whether they are legally sufficient to constitute the kind or degree of bias warranting his disqualification; if he finds them insufficient, he may decline to recuse himself. (Berger v. United States (1921) 255 U.S. 22 [65 L.Ed. 481, 41 S.Ct. 230]; see generally Wright et al., 13 Federal Practice and Procedure (1975) § 3551, pp. 373-382.) fn. 15\nAgain the suggestion would require us to rewrite section 170.6, this time by reading into subdivision (2) thereof a requirement that the affidavit state the specific facts and circumstances which gave rise to the affiant's belief of prejudice. Such a construction would also be inconsistent with subdivision (5), which directs that all affidavits filed under the statute be \"substantially\" in the form which it then sets forth. fn. 16 [11] The form makes no provision for a detailed statement of facts, and it is reasonable to infer the Legislature did not intend to impose such a condition.\nMoreover, the proposal would compel the litigant to spread the details of his charges of judicial prejudice on the public record. (See, e.g., Berger v. United States (1921) supra, 255 U.S. 22, 28-29 [65 L.Ed. 481, 483-484].) We see no net benefit to be gained by this additional step. Because the judge would not be permitted to rule on the truth or falsity of such allegations, they would stand unchallenged no matter how divorced from reality they might be. Not only could this present to the public a distorted picture of judicial impartiality, but the judge would be compelled to accept the charges as true even though he may have [19 Cal.3d 200] personal knowledge they are false. fn. 17 And even the limited judicial review contemplated by this suggestion could produce sharp disputes in open court over whether particular judicial behavior is or is not sufficient to demonstrate bias. We can only believe the consequences would be a diminution in public respect for the judicial system, needless friction between judges and the attorneys who appear before them, and further delays in bringing cases to trial.\nEach of these defects is also present in the alternative proposal of amici judges, which is to adopt the Oregon practice on judicial disqualification. fn. 18 The Oregon statute requires a judge to recuse himself upon the filing of an affidavit of prejudice; the affidavit need not include a statement of the facts giving rise to the belief in bias, but it must include a statement by the affiant that the motion is \"made in good faith and not for the purposes of delay.\" (Ore. Rev. Stat. § 14.260.) In State v. Weiss (1967) 250 Ore. 252 [430 P.2d 357], the Oregon Supreme Court construed the latter requirement to permit the judge to question whether the motion was in fact made in good faith. The burden then shifted to the affiant to \"come forward with some evidence, hearsay or otherwise, from which a reasonable person could conclude that anyone possessed of such evidence might reasonably question the trial judge's impartiality in a matter.\" (Id., at p. 360.)\nTo adopt this interpretation would compel a somewhat different judicial revision of section 170.6. Although our statute does not call for a specific allegation of the affiant's good faith, we have repeatedly held that the motion nevertheless \"requires a good faith belief in the judge's prejudice on the part of the individual party or counsel ....\" (Italics in original.) (McCartney v. Commission on Judicial Qualifications (1974) supra, 12 Cal.3d 512, 538, fn. 13.) [12] To so hold does not add anything to the statute, because the requirement is already implicit in the necessity for making the motion under oath: \"the objective of a verification is to insure good faith in the averments of a party\" (ibid.). Conversely, for purposes of this statute good faith is sufficiently established by the act of verification itself: as noted hereinabove, we explained in Johnson that section 170.6 \"requires that the party or his attorney show good faith by declaring under oath that the judge is prejudiced\" (italics added; 50 Cal.2d at p. 697). To oblige the affiant to [19 Cal.3d 201] go behind his oath and prove his good faith as a matter of fact would therefore constitute a substantial departure from the statutory scheme.\nFurthermore, it appears to us that in practice the showing of good faith required under the Oregon system would not be significantly different from the specific allegations of prejudice necessary under the federal procedure: an affiant desiring to show he acted on evidence from which a person \"might reasonably question the trial judge's impartiality\" (State v. Weiss, supra, at p. 360 of 430 P.2d) would naturally be led to \"state the facts and the reasons for [his] belief that bias or prejudice exists\" (28 U.S.C. § 144). (See, e.g., State ex rel. Strain v. Foster (1975) 272 Ore. 464 [537 P.2d 547, 549-551].) To the extent this is so, of course, the Oregon system shares the above-discussed defects of the federal procedure. fn. 19\nIt is next contended that Johnson is distinguishable because it ruled on the constitutionality of section 170.6 only in a civil setting, fn. 20 and that in a criminal context the statute should be declared invalid primarily because of an asserted difference in the nature of the parties and their counsel. The argument is that in all criminal actions the plaintiff and its attorney remain the same, i.e., the People of the State of California represented by the district attorney; the defendant is different in each case, but in most instances is represented by the same counsel, the public defender. fn. 21 [19 Cal.3d 202] This uniformity of either party or counsel assertedly permits the \"institutionalization\" of many of the abuses discussed herein, and in particular the abuse known as the \"blanket challenge.\" The practice occurs when as a matter of office policy a district attorney or a public defender instructs his deputies to disqualify a certain disfavored judge in all criminal cases of a particular nature -- such as those involving prostitution or illegal narcotics -- or in all criminal cases to which he is assigned. The former policy will prevent the judge from hearing any cases of that type, while the latter policy will force his removal from the criminal bench and his reassignment to a civil department. fn. 22\nUpon close analysis we conclude this contention is different not in kind but only in degree from the arguments rejected in Johnson, and that the difference does not warrant a contrary result. To begin with, we do not believe the self-limiting aspects of abuse of section 170.6 discussed hereinabove are inoperative in the criminal context. A district attorney or a public defender must realize that his practice tends to be concentrated in a particular court, and that if he or his deputies file unwarranted \"blanket challenges\" against a particular judge the effect may well be to antagonize the remaining judges of the court, one of whom will be assigned to replace their unseated colleague, and the presiding judge, who will make that assignment. Moreover, the delay attendant on such a substitution should not commend itself to the prosecutor whose duty and self-interest urge prompt disposition of pending cases, or to any defense counsel whose client has not been released on bail and for that or other reasons benefits from speedy trial requirements.\nMore importantly, the issue of \"blanket challenges\" is not new to this court. In McCartney v. Commission on Judicial Qualifications (1974) supra, 12 Cal.3d 512, we reviewed a recommendation that a judge be [19 Cal.3d 203] permanently removed from office because of various acts of misconduct. One of those acts was to engage in angry and excited dialogues with deputy public defenders who filed affidavits of prejudice against him under section 170.6. (Id., at p. 529.) Among the judge's proffered defenses was a claim that the affidavits were filed pursuant to a policy of the public defender's office to prevent him from presiding over criminal trials. (Id., at p. 537.) We acknowledged (at pp. 537-538) that \"the entire policy itself may have been an affront to the court's dignity if it stemmed from public defenders' dissatisfaction with [Judge McCartney's] 'hard line' performance as a district attorney rather than a good faith belief in prejudice.\" (Italics deleted.)\nIn a footnote at this point (fn. 13) we recited that within a few months after Judge McCartney began his term of office the public defender directed his deputies in writing to file affidavits of prejudice in all criminal proceedings assigned to the judge thereafter. We were unable to determine the exact reason for this policy from the record, finding equally strong the inferences that the deputy public defenders were either seeking to remove Judge McCartney from the criminal bench or were legitimately concerned that he would be partial to the prosecution or would take an inordinate time to try their cases. We felt compelled, nevertheless, to speak to the \"blanket\" nature of these filings. We explained that under section 170.6 the affiant must hold the required good faith belief in prejudice \"in each particular case\" in which he invokes the statute, and we concluded that \"The 'blanket' nature of the written directive issued by the public defender arguably contravened this requirement of good faith by withdrawing from each deputy the individual decision whether or not to appear before [Judge McCartney]. To phrase it another way, the office policy predetermined that prejudice would be claimed by each deputy without regard to the facts in each case handled by the office, thereby transforming the representations in each affidavit into bad faith claims of prejudice.\" (Ibid.)\nThere is thus no doubt that in McCartney we strongly disapproved of the practice of \"blanket challenges,\" and we reaffirm that position herein. But it is also manifest from McCartney that we do not believe the practice vitiates the statute: despite our disapproval we concluded (at p. 538), \"even assuming arguendo that the evidence was clear and convincing,\" i.e., that the motions were \"blanket challenges\" made on unauthorized grounds, the practice could not justify Judge McCartney's injudicious response because \"the Legislature clearly foresaw that the [19 Cal.3d 204] peremptory challenge procedure fn. 23 would be open to such abuses but intended that the affidavits be honored notwithstanding misuse. (See Johnson v. Superior Court (1958) 50 Cal.2d 693, 697 ....)\" In short, the possibility of the filing of \"blanket challenges\" does not distinguish the present criminal proceeding from Johnson, and the reasoning of that decision is equally applicable to the current version of the statute, governing both civil and criminal cases. (Accord, Journey v. Superior Court (1975) 47 Cal.App.3d 408, 411 [120 Cal.Rptr. 897].)\n[1d] We conclude that to the extent that abuses persist in the utilization of section 170.6 they do not, in our judgment, \"substantially impair\" or \"practically defeat\" the exercise of the constitutional jurisdiction of the trial courts. Rather, it may be helpful to view them as a relatively inconsequential price to be paid for the efficient and discreet procedure provided in section 170.6. The statute thus remains a reasonable -- and hence valid -- accommodation of the competing interests of bench, bar, and public on the subject of judicial disqualification. We do not doubt that should future adjustments to this sensitive balance become necessary or desirable, the Legislature will act with due regard for the rights of all concerned.\nThe motion to appoint a referee and take evidence is denied. In S.F. 23449, let a peremptory writ of mandate issue as prayed. In S.F. 23469, the appeal is dismissed. All parties shall bear their own costs.\nClark, J., Richardson, J., Sullivan, J., and Wright, J., concurred.\nTOBRINER, Acting C. J.,\nConcurring and Dissenting.\nAlthough I concur in the majority's conclusion that Judge Perasso was properly disqualified in this case and thus agree with the majority's disposition of these matters, I cannot join in the majority's further conclusion that [19 Cal.3d 205] Judge Marie-Victoire erred in rejecting the section 170.6 disqualification motion filed by the deputy district attorney in the municipal court.\nIn my view, the use of \"blanket\" challenges under section 170.6 to disqualify a judge because of his judicial philosophy or his prior rulings on questions of law seriously undermines the principle of judicial independence and distorts the appearance, if not the reality, of judicial impartiality. Unlike the majority, I do not believe that the judiciary is helpless to prevent such an abuse of the section 170.6 disqualification procedure, particularly in a case -- such as the present one -- in which the improper basis of the disqualification motion clearly appears on the face of the record. In my view, both the language and the purpose of section 170.6 support the trial court's refusal to recuse herself in the instant case.\nSection 170.6, subdivision (1), provides in relevant part: \"No judge ... shall try any civil or criminal action ... nor hear any matter ... when it shall be established as hereinafter provided that such judge or court commissioner is prejudiced against any party or attorney or the interest of any party or attorney appearing in such action or proceeding.\" (Italics added.) Section 170.6 subdivision (2) goes on to provide that the affidavit which a party or attorney must file to bring about the disqualification of a judge under section 170.6 should affirmatively state that the judge \"is prejudiced against any such party or attorney ... so that such party or attorney cannot or believes that he cannot have a fair and impartial trial or hearing before such judge.\" (Italics added.)\nThus, the statutory language posits the judge's prejudice, or a party's or attorney's belief in the judge's prejudice, as the essential basis for a section 170.6 disqualification motion. That a party or attorney believes that a judge is likely to rule against his interests does not invoke the section; rather, the party or attorney must have a \"good faith belief in the [judge's] prejudice.\" (Italics added.) (McCartney v. Commission on Judicial Qualifications (1974) 12 Cal.3d 512, 531 [116 Cal.Rptr. 260, 526 P.2d 268].)\nPast California cases establish beyond doubt that a judge's judicial philosophy or prior rulings of law do not afford a proper basis for a claim of prejudice. \"'The words \"bias\" and \"prejudice\" ... refer to the mental attitude or disposition of the judge towards a party to the litigation, and not to any views that he may entertain regarding the subject matter involved.'\" (Evans v. Superior Court (1930) 107 Cal.App. 372, 380 [290 P. 662].) As this court emphasized more than a half century ago: \"[R]ulings [19 Cal.3d 206] against a litigant, even when numerous and continuous, form no ground for a charge of bias or prejudice.\" (McEwen v. Occidental Life Insurance Co. (1916) 172 Cal. 6, 11 [155 P. 86].)\nThe record in the instant case demonstrates that the disqualification motion at issue rested directly upon \"the views that [the trial judge] entertain[ed] regarding the subject matter involved,\" rather than any claim of personal enmity or ill will. Shortly before the present matter came before Judge Marie-Victoire, Judge Marie-Victoire had sustained, in separate criminal proceedings, a constitutional challenge to the procedures used to enforce the prostitution solicitation laws in San Francisco. When the instant charges -- also pertaining to solicitation of an act of prostitution -- came before Judge Marie-Victoire, the deputy district attorney stated in open court that his disqualification motion was premised on the fact that \"the People don't feel that we can get a fair trial in cases of these kinds in this court.\" (Italics added.) This comment demonstrates that the disqualification motion emanated from the People's disagreement with the merits of Judge Marie-Victoire's views on the legal issue relating to the discriminatory enforcement of prostitution laws; the statement additionally establishes that the district attorney's office had adopted a \"blanket\" policy of using section 170.6 to attempt to disqualify Judge Marie-Victoire in all such prostitution cases. Under these circumstances, I believe Judge Marie-Victoire properly concluded that the motion did not generate from a good faith belief in her \"prejudice\"; she correctly determined that section 170.6 did not compel her disqualification.\nAlthough the majority do not suggest that a party's disagreement with a judge's rulings of law constitute a basis for a claim of prejudice, conceding the inappropriateness of the practice of \"blanket challenges\" under section 170.6 (see p. 203, ante), the majority apparently despair of any attempt to confine section 170.6 to its proper application without undermining the principal purpose of the section. The majority reason that judicial inquiry into whether or not allegations of prejudice have been made in good faith would violate the language of section 170.6 subdivision (3), which provides that when a disqualification motion is \"duly presented\" and an affidavit timely filed, \"thereupon and without any further act or proof\" another judge must be assigned to the case. A disqualification motion, however, is not \"duly presented\" within the meaning of the statute when it appears on the face of the record that the motion does not rest on a belief in prejudice, but merely on a disagreement with the judge's prior legal rulings. [19 Cal.3d 207]\nOrdinarily, of course, litigants need not state the grounds for their belief that the challenged judge is prejudiced. When a \"blanket challenge\" policy has been adopted, however, the requirement of a \"good faith belief in prejudice\" obviously has been violated. We intimated as much in our recent McCartney case, declaring that such a \"blanket challenge\" policy \"predetermined that prejudice would be claimed by each deputy without regard to the facts in each case handled by the office, thereby transforming the representations in each affidavit into bad faith claims of prejudice.\" (Italics added.) (12 Cal.3d at p. 538.) fn. 1 In the instant case, of course, the deputy district attorney explicitly confirmed the existence of the \"blanket challenge\" policy in his statement in open court.\nThe instant ruling allows a litigant to remove a judge from the bench despite the patently false nature of the claim of prejudice offered. No matter how transparent the deception, the majority instruct the trial judge to step aside. I cannot concur in the majority's conclusion that the judiciary is powerless to prevent such an abusive exercise of the disqualification procedure.\n­FN 1. The words of the oral motion were: \"Pursuant to Section 170.6 of the California Code of Civil Procedure, the People don't feel we can get a fair trial in cases of these kinds in this court and ask that this Judge be challenged peremptorily.\"\n­FN 2. The charging portion of the declaration recited that \"the Honorable Ollie Marie-Victoire, the judge before whom hearings on motions to dismiss the aforesaid actions are pending, is prejudiced against the interests of the plaintiff in the aforesaid actions, so that declarant cannot or believes that he cannot have a fair and impartial hearing before such judge.\"\n­FN 3. The San Francisco Municipal Court was named as an additional defendant in the writ proceeding.\n­FN 4. A judge of the appellate department is exempted from section 170.6 by special statute. (Code Civ. Proc., § 170.7.)\n­FN 5. The Attorney General also seeks to uphold Judge Perasso's ruling on the ground that the pending writ proceeding assertedly involved only issues of law. Section 170.6, however, applies to any matter \"which involves a contested issue of law or fact\" (italics added; subd. (1)).\n­FN 6. The theory was untenable in any event. Judge Marie-Victoire rejected the People's motion on the ground that \"once you have accepted me on these same issues, you are not entitled to disqualify me under 170.6.\" However, the proceedings at which the People assertedly \"accepted\" Judge Marie-Victoire -- by failing to move for her disqualification -- were not merely an earlier stage of the same prosecution (cf. § 170.6, subd. (2)), but a different group of prostitution charges brought against different defendants. Subdivision (3) of the statute bars any party from making more than one motion \"in any one action or special proceeding\"; by negative implication, in two successive actions a party may move to disqualify in each, or may disqualify in the later action without waiving that right by failing to so move in the earlier. The wording of the statute thus appears to foreclose any argument premised on the doctrine of collateral estoppel. (See People v. Taylor (1974) 12 Cal.3d 686, 691-698 [117 Cal.Rptr. 70, 527 P.2d 622].)\n­FN 7. Appellants' views are generally supported by a group of 22 trial judges appearing as amici curiae (hereinafter called \"amici judges\"). Their positions, however, are not identical: appellants limit their attack to the use by the People of the disqualification procedure provided in section 170.6, while amici judges broaden the issue to include the use of the statute by both sides in a criminal action. This distinction is debated at some length by other amici curiae, e.g., associations of prosecutors and defense counsel; but it becomes immaterial in view of the conclusion we reach herein, and we do not further address it. Finally, the State Bar, sponsor of the legislation in question, appears as amicus curiae in support of the statute and, generally, of the People.\n­FN 8. Johnson has been cited with approval in decisions of our sister states upholding the constitutionality of statutes essentially similar to section 170.6. (Channel Flying, Inc. v. Bernhardt (Alaska 1969) 451 P.2d 570, 575; State v. District Court of Fourth Judicial Dist. (1965) 145 Mont. 287 [400 P.2d 648, 658-660].) For a scholarly overview of law and practice on this topic, see Disqualification of Judges for Prejudice or Bias -- Common Law Evolution, Current Status, and the Oregon Experience (1969) 48 Ore.L.Rev. 311-410.)\n­FN 9. At this point we referred to the preexisting statute providing for disqualification of judges upon proof of \"bias or prejudice.\" (Code Civ. Proc., § 170, subd. 5.) The word \"prejudice\" in section 170.6 is to be given the same meaning as it has in this companion statute and in the substantial body of case law construing and applying the latter.\n­FN 10. Although arguing in general against the validity of section 170.6, amici judges make this point with commendable candor and persuasiveness in their brief: \"It is often stated that it is not only the fact but the appearance of prejudice that should disqualify a judge. This is a rule that appeals to the reason of the Constitution. ... [I]t is not the fact of prejudice that would impair the legitimacy of the judiciary's role but rather the probable fact of prejudice, i.e., the appearance of prejudice. The truth of few, if any, ultimate 'facts' of human existence are established to that point of complete certitude which eliminates all plausible doubt. A fact as difficult of ascertainment as any person's 'prejudice' is seldom, if ever, proven so completely that reasonable persons might not still disagree. And the mere allegation or good faith belief that a fact is true may be sufficient to cause reasonable doubt. Since the legitimacy of the Court's role is essentially a perception of the people, in whose secure confidence the courts must remain if their powers are to be maintained, it follows that merely probable or even alleged facts or a good faith belief in such facts may be sufficient to disqualify a judge.\"\n­FN 11. Appellants contend that the case at bar is an example of this abuse. On October 2 and 8, 1975, Judge Marie-Victoire dismissed a number of prostitution cases after ruling that the defendants therein were the victims of discriminatory law enforcement practices based on the suspect classification of sex because in each instance only the female prostitute, and not her male customer, was arrested and prosecuted. As noted above, on October 9 prostitution charges against the individual real parties in interest herein came before Judge Marie-Victoire for the purpose of setting a date to hear their motions to dismiss on the same ground. The People moved to disqualify her under section 170.6 allegedly because of a perceived inability to have a fair trial \"in cases of these kinds in this court\" (fn. 1, ante). Appellants assert that the circumstances and wording of the motion show it was primarily based on the People's dissatisfaction with Judge Marie-Victoire's prior legal ruling on discriminatory law enforcement.\n­FN 12. It follows that we shall deny a motion filed by amici judges to appoint a referee for the purpose of taking evidence of the abuses of section 170.6 set forth hereinabove. We do not reach the question of the propriety of such a motion (see Code Civ. Proc., § 909; Cal. Rules of Court, rule 23(b)), but hold rather that the evidence is not material to the disposition of this appeal.\n­FN 13. Amici judges evidently err when they claim the Legislature \"gutted\" the continuation doctrine by a 1965 amendment to section 170.6. That amendment added the last sentence of subdivision (2), which provides only that the fact that a judge has presided at a pretrial hearing not involving a determination of contested fact issues relating to the merits does not bar a later motion otherwise timely. The rule of Jacobs and its progeny is unaffected by this legislation.\n­FN 14. A similar suggestion was made by a concurring and dissenting justice in Fraijo v. Superior Court (1973) 34 Cal.App.3d 222, 228-231 [109 Cal.Rptr. 909], but the majority therein impliedly declined to adopt it (see id., at p. 226).\n­FN 15. The federal practice has not gone without criticism. (See, e.g., Note, Disqualification of a Federal District Judge for Bias -- The Standard Under Section 144 (1973) 57 Minn.L.Rev. 749, 754 et seq.; Note, Disqualification of Judges for Bias in the Federal Courts (1966) 79 Harv.L.Rev. 1435, 1439 et seq.)\n­FN 16. For an example of the use of the form in this case, see footnote 2, ante.\n­FN 17. The federal courts have so stated. (See, e.g., Hodgson v. Liquor Salesmen's U. Loc. No. 2 of State of N. Y. (2d Cir. 1971) 444 F.2d 1344, 1348.)\n­FN 18. We are aware of no other jurisdiction which has adopted the Oregon practice in the 10 years since Oregon devised it.\n­FN 19. In addition, the Oregon practice seems particularly likely to result in substantial delays. The court in Weiss fashioned the following procedure for litigating the issue of \"good faith\": the judge first denies the motion of disqualification; the moving party then applies to a higher court for an alternative writ of mandate; in his return to the alternative writ the judge challenges the moving party's good faith in making the motion; the matter is referred to a disinterested judge for proceedings in the nature of a referee's hearing; at the conclusion of the hearing the latter files a transcript and his findings and recommendations; and on this record the court before which the writ proceeding is pending then determines the ultimate issue of good faith. (430 P.2d at p. 359.)\nSome idea of the delays entailed in this procedure can be gleaned from the history of the Weiss case itself. The opinion does not disclose the date on which the motion to disqualify was filed, but on July 19, 1967, the issue of good faith was ordered submitted to a referee. The latter held a hearing and filed his report with the Oregon Supreme Court. The defendant judge apparently moved on December 21, 1967, to set aside the referee's report. It was not until June 14, 1968, however, that the court issued the peremptory writ directing the judge to disqualify himself. The trial was held in abeyance throughout this period of almost a year. (See State v. Weiss (1968) 250 Ore. 252 [442 P.2d 241, 242].)\n­FN 20. The underlying action in Johnson was for malpractice. As originally enacted in 1957, section 170.6 was limited to civil cases (Stats. 1957, ch. 1055, p. 2288); in 1959 it was amended to apply to criminal actions as well (Stats. 1959, ch. 640, p. 2620).\n­FN 21. This appears somewhat of an overstatement, as a significant proportion of criminal defendants are represented by private counsel either appointed by the court or privately retained. For example, in the case at bar defendants Solberg and Peoples are represented by private counsel.\n­FN 22. Even when this radical consequence ensues the case is distinguishable from People v. Tenorio (1970) 3 Cal.3d 89 [89 Cal.Rptr. 249, 473 P.2d 993], and its progeny (Esteybar v. Municipal Court (1971) 5 Cal.3d 119 [95 Cal.Rptr. 524, 485 P.2d 1140]; People v. Navarro (1972) 7 Cal.3d 248 [102 Cal.Rptr. 137, 497 P.2d 481]; People v. Superior Court (On Tai Ho) (1974) 11 Cal.3d 59 [113 Cal.Rptr. 21, 520 P.2d 405]). In each of the cited decisions we held violative of the separation of powers a statute which subjected to prosecutorial veto the power of the court to perform a judicial act, such as striking a prior conviction or committing the defendant to a special rehabilitative program. The effect of the statute here challenged is at most to remove the individual judge assigned to the case or the department, but not to deprive the court of the power to hear such cases by assignment of another judge.\n­FN 23. Our characterization of section 170.6 as \"the peremptory challenge procedure\" was not a sub silentio overruling of Austin v. Lambert (1938) 11 Cal.2d 73 [77 P.2d 849, 115 A.L.R. 849], the decision which struck down the predecessor to the current statute, but merely a convenient, abbreviated -- though imprecise -- way of distinguishing section 170.6 from section 170, the procedure for disqualifying judges for cause. We recognize that similar usage is not uncommon among the bench and bar (see, e.g., fn. 1, ante), and we attribute no sinister significance to it.\n­FN 1. The majority imply that the legality of \"blanket\" challenges under section 170.6 was upheld in McCartney. As I read the McCartney decision, however, we did not hold that when a trial judge is challenged in accordance with an adopted policy of \"blanket\" disqualification that he must always honor the challenge and withdraw. Nor did we hold that blanket challenge practices are beyond the bounds of judicial inquiry. We merely stated that a practice of blanket challenges \"is simply no answer to petitioner's serious departures from a proper judicial role or his habitual intemperance toward defendants and court personnel.\" (12 Cal.3d at p. 537.)\n1 DIANA D. SOLBERG et al., Petitioners, v. THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO et al. (Respondent)\n2 s; THE PEOPLE, Real Party in Interest. (s; THE PEOPLE)\n3 DIANA D. SOLBERG et al. (Petitioners)\n4 THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO et al. (Respondent)\nMar 22 1977 Denied\nSCOCAL, Solberg v. Superior Court , 19 Cal.3d 182 available at: (https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/solberg-v-superior-court-30412) (last visited Sunday January 16, 2022).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line4000"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7364712953567505,"wiki_prob":0.2635287046432495,"text":"WATCH: Driver veers off road, flips car\nPosted at 3:23 AM, Jul 07, 2016\nThis is the terrifying moment a driver flipped his car, veering off the road to avoid two other vehicles speeding towards him — side by side — on a two-lane highway.\nAnd it was all caught on camera.\nThe incident happened in Lancashire, United Kingdom, according to The Huffington Post. Video footage shows the driver making a last-minute decision to veer off a road after he sees the cars headed straight towards him (Warning: video contains some graphic language).\nIt appears that while on the crest of a hill, one driver attempts to pass the other, drifting into the other lane without having a clear view.\nThe Toyota Yaris was totaled – neither of the other cars were damaged. Amazingly, the driver of the Yaris escaped with only minor injuries.\nThe Daily Express identified the driver of the Yaris as Christopher Telford.\nWhile the driver of the blue BMW – which appears to have caused the accident – drove off, he returned to the scene 10 minutes later to speak with police, according to the driver’s YouTube video description.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line167221"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6381860971450806,"wiki_prob":0.6381860971450806,"text":"DIVERSITY, EQUITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT\nThe Town of Clinton embraces and is strengthened by the unique and dynamic backgrounds of its community members.  The Town believes in fostering and maintaining a safe and welcoming community, which is based on mutual respect for our residents, students, employees, businesses, and guests.  The Town of Clinton will implement its commitment through its:\nDedication to education and programming that reflects the unique diversity of our community, elevating the cultural awareness of all who live, work, and visit the Town.\nCommitment to provide inclusive and equitable access to all Town activities, facilities, programs, and resources.\nCommitment to and accountability for advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in our government.\nMaintenance of partnerships and positive relationships with all members of Clinton and its surrounding communities.\nRecognition of all aspects of human differences including, but not limited to: Race, color, ethnicity, language, immigration status, gender, gender identity, sexual preference or expression, age, ability, religion, and criminal history - all contributing to the richness of our community while empowering our community members.\nThe Town of Clinton stands and works for these values because it fosters a safer, more welcoming environment and better quality of life for members of the Clinton community.\nCanaRX- Certain Brand Name Prescriptions at $0 Co-\nRetiree Health Plans & Resources\nDiabetes Care Rewards Program\nFitness Reimbursement Benefit\nTelemedicine Benefit\nMNHG Wellness Programs\nCOVID-19 and Unemployment","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1738207"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7385056018829346,"wiki_prob":0.26149439811706543,"text":"We respect your privacy and all your data will be treated confidentially.\nPrivacy statement in the context of GDPR\nAs of May 25, 2018, the European Regulation regarding the Privacy of Personal Data, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), comes into force. This GDPR applies to any organization that registers and processes personal data of customers and prospects, and therefore also to Antwerp à la Carte CV, hereinafter referred to as “AALC”.\nThe obligations of AALC and its processors of the personal data obtained are explained in this “Privacy Statement”.\nREGISTRATION AND PROCESSING OF DATA\nAALC collects and processes a number of personal data of each customer and / or prospect in order to achieve its objectives.\nThe personal data:\n-name first Name\n-phone (landline and / or mobile)\n-mail address\nThis data is only used to provide information about the operation of AALC, to announce new activities and to ensure that the booked activity runs smoothly.\nThe website is a secure website.\nThe webmaster is responsible for protecting personal data. Precautions have been taken to avoid unauthorized access or leakage. Each processor of information determines and documents the measures taken by himself.\nSECURITY OF DOCUMENTS\n1. As of 25/05/2018, every customer and prospect list has the following in the footer or header: “GDPR regulation 25/05/2018: only to be used within the objectives of AALC”.\n2. Paper versions: may not be freely accessible to the public by unauthorized persons.\n3. Digital versions: a PC, laptop, tablet or smartphone with personal data is only accessible to authorized processors. The software versions used are kept up to date and reliable anti-virus protection is provided. The saved files are regularly backed up to an external hard disk or USB stick. If files are changed on a frequent basis, a 2-weekly or monthly backup is recommended. An external hard disk or USB stick is stored separately in a safe or other safe place.\nThe personal data is not kept longer than necessary for the intended objectives of the company. The maximum term is 10 years.\nDATA REGISTER\nThe Data Register contains personal data that are essential as a means of communication, namely name and first name, telephone number (fixed or mobile) and e-mail address.\nUSER’S RIGHT\nThe user can always exercise his rights by sending an e-mail to info@antwerpenalacarte.be. AALC guarantees the right to rectification and deletion of personal data.\nAALC uses cookies through its website to distinguish users. This makes it possible to offer users a better browsing experience and an improvement of the site and its content. The objectives and methods of cookies are included in a separate article.\nCHANGE OF PRIVACY POLICY\nAALC reserves the right to change its Privacy Policy to comply with legal obligations in this regard. The user is therefore requested to consult the Privacy Policy regularly to stay informed of any changes and adjustments. These changes are posted on the site or sent by email to ensure objection.\nAPPLICABLE LAW AND COMPETENT COURT\nThis privacy policy is exclusively governed by Belgian law. Any dispute will be brought before the court of the judicial district of AALC’s registered office.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1557850"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6439185738563538,"wiki_prob":0.6439185738563538,"text":"File:Marshall McLuhan.jpg\nWithout an understanding of causality there can be no theory of communication. What passes as information theory today is not communication at all, but merely transportation.\n- Marshall McLuhan, 1988\nInformation theory is a branch of applied mathematics, electrical engineering, bioinformatics, and computer science involving the quantification of information. Information theory was developed by Claude E. Shannon to find fundamental limits on signal processing operations such as compressing data and on reliably storing and communicating data.\nArranged alphabetically by author or source:\nA · B · C · D · E · F · G · H · I · J · K · L · M · N · O · P · Q · R · S · T · U · V · W · X · Y · Z · See also · External links\nB[edit]\nClaude Shannon, the founder of information theory, invented a way to measure 'the amount of information' in a message without defining the word 'information' itself, nor even addressing the question of the meaning of the message.\nHans Christian von Baeyer (2003) Information, The New Language of Science. p. 28.\nIn fact, an information theory that leaves out the issue of noise turns out to have no content.\nHans Christian von Baeyer (2003) Information, The New Language of Science. p. 122.\nIf quantum communication and quantum computation are to flourish, a new information theory will have to be developed.\nThe 19th and first half of the 20th century conceived of the world as chaos. Chaos was the oft-quoted blind play of atoms, which, in mechanistic and positivistic philosophy, appeared to represent ultimate reality, with life as an accidental product of physical processes, and mind as an epi-phenomenon. It was chaos when, in the current theory of evolution, the living world appeared as a product of chance, the outcome of random mutations and survival in the mill of natural selection. In the same sense, human personality, in the theories of behaviorism as well as of psychoanalysis, was considered a chance product of nature and nurture, of a mixture of genes and an accidental sequence of events from early childhood to maturity.\nNow we are looking for another basic outlook on the world -- the world as organization. Such a conception -- if it can be substantiated -- would indeed change the basic categories upon which scientific thought rests, and profoundly influence practical attitudes.\nThis trend is marked by the emergence of a bundle of new disciplines such as cybernetics, information theory, general system theory, theories of games, of decisions, of queuing and others; in practical applications, systems analysis, systems engineering, operations research, etc. They are different in basic assumptions, mathematical techniques and aims, and they are often unsatisfactory and sometimes contradictory. They agree, however, in being concerned, in one way or another, with \"systems,\" \"wholes\" or \"organizations\"; and in their totality, they herald a new approach.\nLudwig von Bertalanffy (1968) General System Theory. p. 166-167 as quoted in Lilienfeld (1978, pp. 7-8) and Alexander Laszlo and Stanley Krippner (1992) \"Systems Theories: Their Origins, Foundations, and Development\".\nWe completely ignore the human value of the information. A selection of 100 letters is given a certain information value, and we do not investigate whether it makes sense in English, and, if so, whether the meaning of the sentence is of any practical importance. According to our definition, a set of 100 letters selected at random (according to the rules of Table 1.1), a sentence of 100 letters from a newspaper, a piece of Shakespeare or a theorem of Einstein are given exactly the same informational value.\nLéon Brillouin (1962) Science and Information Theory, second edition. p. 9.\nF[edit]\nIn fact, the science of thermodynamics began with an analysis, by the great engineer Sadi Carnot, of the problem of how to build the best and most efficient engine, and this constitutes one of the few famous cases in which engineering has contributed to fundamental physical theory. Another example that comes to mind is the more recent analysis of information theory by Claude Shannon. These two analyses, incidentally, turn out to be closely related.\nRichard Feynman (1964) The Feynman Lectures on Physics \"The Laws of Thermodynamics\".\nWhether computers are used for engineering design, medical data processing, composing music, or other purposes, the structure of computing is much the same. We are extremely short of talented people in this field, and so we need departments, curricula, and research and degree programs in computer science... I think of the Computer Science Department as eventually including experts in Programming, Numerical Analysis, Automata Theory, Data Processing, Business Games, Adaptive Systems, Information Theory, Information Retrieval, Recursive Function Theory, Computer Linguistics, etc., as these fields emerge in structure... Universities must respond [to the computer revolution] with far reaching changes in the educational structure.\nGeorge Forsythe As cited in Donald Knuth (1972). \"George Forsythe and the Development of Computer Science\". Comms. ACM.\nG[edit]\nIncomplete knowledge of the future, and also of the past of the transmitter from which the future might be constructed, is at the very basis of the concept of information. On the other hand, complete ignorance also precludes communication; a common language is required, that is to say an agreement between the transmitter and the receiver regarding the elements used in the communication process...\n[The information of a message can] be defined as the 'minimum number of binary decisions which enable the receiver to construct the message, on the basis of the data already available to him.' These data comprise both the convention regarding the symbols and the language used, and the knowledge available at the moment when the message started.\nDennis Gabor (1952) \"Optical transmission,\" in: Information Theory: Papers Read at a Symposium on Information Theory. as cited in: James Grier Miller (1978) Living Systems. p. 12.\nI have tried to show that psychiatric research can be empirical and experimental, controlled, and operational and not dependent on inferences, analogies, or anecdotes. Hypotheses can be derived which are testable. Theory is a different matter. At the present we rely heavily on psychoanalytic theory or on still poorly formulated and defined general systems theory, information theory, or transactional theory. To explain the depth and variety of the interrelationship of somatopsychosocial facets of the totality of human behavior in process requires a unified theory of human behavior which we have not yet even approached. Integration or synthesis of biological, psychological, and social theory is not enough.\nRoy R. Grinker, Sr. (1964) as cited in: S. Nassir Ghaemi (2009) The Rise and Fall of the Biopsychosocial Model. p. 24.\nH[edit]\nCybernetics is concerned primarily with the construction of theories and models in science, without making a hard and fast distinction between the physical and the biological sciences. The theories and models occur both in symbols and in hardware, and by 'hardware* we shall mean a machine or computer built in terms of physical or chemical, or indeed any handleable parts. Most usually we shall think of hardware as meaning electronic parts such as valves and relays. Cybernetics insists, also, on a further and rather special condition that distinguishes it from ordinary scientific theorizing: it demands a certain standard of effectiveness. In this respect it has acquired some of the same motive power that has driven research on modern logic, and this is especially true in the construction and application of artificial languages and the use of operational definitions. Always the search is for precision and effectiveness, and we must now discuss the question of effectiveness in some detail. It should be noted that when we talk in these terms we are giving pride of place to the theory of automata at the expense, at least to some extent, of feedback and information theory.\nF.H. George (1962) The Brain As A Computer Pergamon Press. p. 2.\nJ[edit]\nEvery time we fire a phonetician/linguist, the performance of our system goes up\nAttributed to Fred Jelinek (1988) in: Roger K. Moore (2005). \"Results from a Survey of Attendees at ASRU 1997 and 2003\"\nM[edit]\nPure mathematics, being mere tautology, and pure physics, being mere fact, could not have engendered them; for creatures to live, must sense the useful and the good; and engines to run must have energy available as work : and both, to endure, must regulate themselves. So it is to Thermodynamics and to its brother Σp log p, called Information theory, that we look for the distinctions between work and energy and between signal and noise.\nWarren S. McCulloch (1961) in: Pask An approach to Cybernetics. Preface. p. 7.\nThe field of 'information theory' began by using the old hardware paradigm of transportation of data from point to point.\nMarshall McLuhan (1988) Laws of Media: The New Science (with Eric McLuhan). p. 111.\nP[edit]\nSome authors state that the last stage in this chain of measurements involves \"consciousness,\" or the \"intellectual inner life\" of the observer, by virtue of the \"principle of psycho-physical parallelism.\" Other authors introduce a wave function for the entire universe. In this book, I shall refrain from using concepts that I do not understand.\nAsher Peres (1995) Quantum theory: concepts and methods. p. 26-27.\nS[edit]\nMy greatest concern was what to call it. I thought of calling it 'information,' but the word was overly used, so I decided to call it 'uncertainty.' When I discussed it with John von Neumann, he had a better idea. Von Neumann told me, 'You should call it entropy, for two reasons. In the first place your uncertainty function has been used in statistical mechanics under that name, so it already has a name. In the second place, and more important, no one really knows what entropy really is, so in a debate you will always have the advantage.'\nClaude Elwood Shannon (1971) Scientific American, Vol 225, p. 180.\nA great deal of the thinking [in Organizational Development] has been influenced by cybernetics and information theory, though this has been used as much to extend the scope of closed-system as to improve the sophistication of open system formulations. It was von Bertalanffy (1950) who, in terms of the general transport equation which he introduced, first fully disclosed the importance of openness or closedness to the environment as a means of distinguishing living organisms from inanimate objects.\nEric Trist and Fred Emery (1963) \"The Causal Texture of Organizational Environments\". In: Human Relations, 18: p. 22.\nV[edit]\nThe cybernetics phase of cognitive science produced an amazing array of concrete results, in addition to its long-term (often underground) influence:\nthe use of mathematical logic to understand the operation of the nervous system;\nthe invention of information processing machines (as digital computers), thus laying the basis for artificial intelligence;\nthe establishment of the metadiscipline of system theory, which has had an imprint in many branches of science, such as engineering (systems analysis, control theory), biology (regulatory physiology, ecology), social sciences (family therapy, structural anthropology, management, urban studies), and economics (game theory);\ninformation theory as a statistical theory of signal and communication channels;\nthe first examples of self-organizing systems.\nThis list is impressive: we tend to consider many of these notions and tools an integrative part of our life...\nFrancisco Varela (1991) The Embodied Mind p. 38.\nWikipedia has related information at Information theory\nThis page was moved from wikiquote:en:Information theory. Its edit history can be viewed at Information theory/edithistory\nRetrieved from \"https://everything.wiki/index.php?title=Information_theory&oldid=852730\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1844408"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7116008996963501,"wiki_prob":0.2883991003036499,"text":"Emission Levels\nFormaldehyde and Emissions Information Formaldehyde in Perspective Advocacy and Information\nDo emissions from modern building products manufactured with formaldehyde-based resins pose a health risk? No. In fact, emission levels from today’s wood products are far below levels of concern. Here are some facts to keep in mind.\nFact #1: Formaldehyde occurs naturally, and it’s all around us.\nHumans, plants and animals produce it as a normal part of living. We’re exposed to it everyday as a by-product of automobile combustion, tobacco smoke, cooking, fireplaces, even our own breathing. Our bodies readily break down the low levels of formaldehyde to which we are normally exposed.\nFact #2: All wood species – and therefore all wood products – contain and emit small amounts of formaldehyde.\nThe average oak tree, for instance, emits 0.009 parts per million (ppm) of formaldehyde. By itself, this is a very low quantity, but densely wooded areas can have much higher concentrations. It’s important to note that wood products touted as “formaldehyde-free” do, in fact, contain and emit small amounts of formaldehyde.\nFact #3: Formaldehyde is normally present at low levels in both outdoor and indoor air, well below levels that might affect human health.\nCurrent indoor air quality studies report that, on average, only very low levels of formaldehyde (less than 0.045 ppm) are present in the typical new home featuring modern building materials. Levels dissipate to nearly “background” levels within a short period of time. Formaldehyde levels found in a typical home or office building are significantly less – an order of magnitude lower – than the levels at which we can smell or notice any irritating effects from formaldehyde.\nFact #4: Hexion and other resin producers have improved resin technologies and reduced indoor air formaldehyde levels attributable to building products by 80 to 90 percent since the early 1980s.\nThese levels now approach ambient (normal) background levels, are well below strict government standards, and simply do not pose a threat.\nFact #5: Numerous government agencies, whose missions are to protect people, have put standards in place which today’s wood products meet or exceed.\nThese include the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CSPC), the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , and state regulators\nFact #6: Painting, laminating or coating wood products reduces emissions from wood products to almost zero.\nWhen cabinetry, furniture, trim or paneling is painted, stained, laminated or otherwise coated – as most materials are – they emit almost no formaldehyde.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1144238"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6262871026992798,"wiki_prob":0.6262871026992798,"text":"Situated self-portraits\nby Katherine Russell, 1 September 2006\nThe theme of the seventh annual survey of secondary school student portraiture, Headspace, was Me and My Place.\nMoving and changing, 2006\nThe theme of the National Portrait Gallery’s 2006 annual survey of secondary school student portraiture is Me and My Place. This is the seventh exhibition of the Headspace project, and calls upon students to consider where they are - on a number of levels.\nThe theme of the National Portrait Gallery’s 2006 annual survey of secondary school student portraiture is Me and My Place. This is the seventh exhibition of the Headspace project, and calls upon students to consider where they are - on a number of levels. Through their work in a myriad of mediums, this year students have explored the exhibition theme broadly. Students analysed their conceptions of self in combination with an exploration of how they are shaped and defined by place. By asking the students to look beyond themselves, this year’s exhibition differs markedly from past Headspace outings - such as Facing Memory (2003), and Who Am I? (2005) - exhibitions in which the majority of works were, quite rightly, introspective. The works in this year’s show run the gamut of the possibilities the word ‘place’\noffers, from analyses of the place inside one’s head, the physical places in which one spends time, the places one likes to be, to the world, the environment, one hopes for in the future. An interesting current that runs through Headspace 7 is the students’ keenness to show in their self-portraits who is (and in some cases who isn’t) in that place with them, whether it be friends, family or imaginary beings. This is in keeping with the broader public discussion of concepts of identity, notions of belonging - in society, in a community and to land or country. All of these issues have been addressed by the students in Headspace 7 in thoughtful and original ways. Underpinning the Headspace project is the belief that portraiture is a valuable, potent, and pertinent art form through which secondary students can explore aspects of themselves, their communities, and the world as it is - or might be. Art has much to teach us about the world and our place in it. The Headspace project gives young artists the chance to reflect on their work, to see their progress, and to be stimulated by the work of other students to develop in new ways.\nProfessor Anne Bamford recommends in her groundbreaking work on the global impact of the arts in education, The Wow Factor (2006) that art as an exhibition-based medium remains an important aspect of an art education program. For complete development in art education, students need opportunities to exhibit their work. Exhibitions allow the work of teachers and children to be publicly highlighted and appreciated. This is of particular benefit in raising the confidence and self-esteem of the children\ninvolved. The works submitted for Headspace 7 demonstrate that the theme of place is highly apt to the genre of self portraiture. By being expansive in their self-imaging the students exhibited in the show truly deserve their ‘place’ on the walls and in the showcases of the National Portrait Gallery.\nBy Katherine Russell\nPortrait 21, September - November 2006\nHearts of Darkness\nBy Magda Keaney\nIs the truth of portraiture vested exclusively in likeness?\nBy Michael Desmond\nA quiet moment\nBy Helene Ladomirska\nMental as everything\nBy Diana Warnes\nCultural kaleidoscope\nBy Dr Sarah Engledow\nCelebrities on the field\nBy Christine Clark\nProfile of a marriage\nTender tragedies\nThe news from Washington\nBy Lauretta Morton\nMore issues of Portrait magazine\nHeadspace 7\nMe and My Place\nHeadspace 7: Me and My Place, the seventh in the National Portrait Gallery's series of student exhibitions, will be presented at Commonwealth Place. Me and My Place is the curatorial theme for the 2006 exhibition.\nThis issue of Portrait Magazine features Margaret Cameron, the 'Truth and Likeness' exhibition, Reg Mombassa, Patrick White, George Foxhill and more.\nMagazine article by Dr Sarah Engledow\nDr Sarah Engledow explores the lives of Sir George Grey and his wife Eliza, the subjects of a pair of wax medallions in the National Portrait Gallery's collection.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1252104"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6848495006561279,"wiki_prob":0.31515049934387207,"text":"Are signaling molecules receptors?\nWhat are the different types of receptors in cell signaling?\nWhat are the four types of signal receptors?\nWhat molecules are involved in cell signaling?\nWhat is the function of receptors in the skin?\nWhere do signaling molecules bind to their receptors?\nHow do signaling cells communicate with each other?\nHow are signaling molecules different in plants and animals?\nWhich is an example of a paracrine signaling molecule?\nCells have proteins called receptors that bind to signaling molecules and initiate a physiological response. Different receptors are specific for different molecules. This is important because most signaling molecules are either too big or too charged to cross a cell’s plasma membrane (Figure 1).\nCell-surface receptors come in three main types: ion channel receptors, GPCRs, and enzyme-linked receptors. Ion channel receptors: When a ligand binds an ion channel receptor, a channel through the plasma membrane opens that allows specific ions to pass through.\nTypes of signaling molecules and the receptors they bind to on target cells. Intracellular receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, and receptor tyrosine kinases.\nMany cell signals are carried by molecules that are released by one cell and move to make contact with another cell. Signaling molecules can belong to several chemical classes: lipids, phospholipids, amino acids, monoamines, proteins, glycoproteins, or gases.\nThe skin possesses many sensory receptors in the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, which allows for discrimination of touch such as pressure differences (light vs. deep). Other qualities of the external world assessed by skin sensory receptors includes temperature, pain, and itch.\nAs already noted, all signaling molecules act by binding to receptors expressed by their target cells. In many cases, these receptors are expressed on the target cell surface, but some receptors are intracellular proteins located in the cytosol or the nucleus.\nI A – Types of Signaling Cells communicate by means of extracellular signaling molecules that are produced and released by signaling cells. These molecules recognize and bind to receptors on the surface of target cells where they cause a cellular response by means of a signal transduction pathway.\nAlthough all these molecules act as ligands that bind to receptors expressed by their target cells, there is considerable variation in the structure and function of the different types of molecules that serve as signal transmitters. Structurally, the signaling molecules used by plants and animals range in complexity from simple gases to proteins.\nIn paracrine signaling, a molecule released by one cell acts on neighboring target cells. An example is provided by the action of neurotransmitters in carrying signals between nerve cells at a synapse. Finally, some cells respond to signaling molecules that they themselves produce.\nHow many records has Sachin Tendulkar?\nCan I just swap HDD for SSD?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1530166"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.811164140701294,"wiki_prob":0.811164140701294,"text":"BERNAL AND CARAPAZ, CANDIDATES FOR THE ‘GOLDEN BALL’ OF CYCLING\nMADRID. The twelve candidates for Vélo D’Or are already known, known as the prize for the best cyclist of the year.\nThe French magazine delivers this distinction at the end of each season, and this time it will be next Tuesday, October 15, coinciding with the presentation of the Tour de France 2020 tour.\nThe prize, which has been awarded since 1992, is similar to what happens in football with France Football magazine. The current champion, Alejandro Valverde, is not among the nominees for this year’s award. These are the chosen ones:\n Egan Bernal (Colombia): Tour de France winner at age 22.\n Julian Alaphilippe (France): triumphs in Milan-San Remo, Flecha-Walloon, Strade Bianche … and two stages in the Tour de France, where he was one of the great agitators of the race.\n Richard Carapaz (Ecuador): his first podium in a great lap was this year in the Tour of Italy and in a big way, in the first place.\n Remco Evenepoel (Belgium): a 19-year-old talent who in his first season as a professional already has the San Sebastían Classic and a silver in a World Time Trial World Cup\nLeb Caleb Ewan (Australia): the Australian dominated the flies in the Tour, with three wins including the one of the day of Paris, while in the Giro two partial ones were written down.\n Jakob Fuglsang (Denmark): a bright spring with triumphs in the Tour of Andalusia, the Liege-Bastogne-Liege and the Dauphiné. In the Vuelta, he triumphed in the Alto de la Cubilla.\n Philippe Gilbert (Belgium): two wins in the Tour of Spain and Paris-Roubaix this season.\nIeu Mathieu Van der Poel (Holland): at 24, Poulidor’s grandson played the longest road season of his career, combining with cyclocross and mountain bike. Outstanding wins in Flanders and the Amstel Gold Race.\n Primoz Roglic (Slovenia): the Slovenian conquered his first major in the Vuelta and was also third in the Tour of Italy. The Tour of Romandía and the Tyrrhenian-Adriatic was also noted.\n Mads Pedersen (Denmark): two victories this season, and both consecutive. First, Grand Prix d’Isbergues and a week later … the World Cup in Yorkshire with 23 years.\n Elia Viviani (Italy): the Italian achieved eleven wins this season, including the European championship.\n Annemiek van Vleuten (Holland): At 36, the Dutch woman proclaimed herself world champion in Yorkshire and conquered the Women’s Tour of Italy.\nOnly the Giro de Lombardía (October 12) is missing this season as a great cycling event. Spain is the country that most times won this award, with seven editions: the first two went to Miguel Indurain (1992 and 1993), Alberto Contador achieved four (2007, 2008. 2009 and 2014) and the aforementioned Valverde last year. Much equality for this season’s award. (as.com)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line281949"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7044998407363892,"wiki_prob":0.7044998407363892,"text":"Tag: Pablo Betzer\nReport from Jerusalem #62, 18th August 2014\nJewish Revolt Coins Discovered\nDuring work on the expansion of the Jerusalem to Tel Aviv highway, a rescue dig by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) uncovered a previously unknown village of the Roman period. In the corner of one room a cache of 114 bronze coins was discovered. The coins are all dated to year four (69/70 CE) of the Jewish Revolt. They are all the same denomination of one-quarter or one-eighth shekel value, and must have been hidden just before the Roman destruction of Jerusalem, according to Pablo Betzer and Eyal Marco, directors of the dig. The coins are marked “Geulat Zion” on the obverse and show a lulav and citrons with date 4 on the reverse. The village, now called Hirbet Mazruk, was destroyed by the Romans, partly rebuilt and destroyed again at the Bar Kochba revolt seventy years later. It is planned to preserve the village remains as part of the landscape works beside the new highway.\nRare Roman Coin Found at Bethsaida\nA bronze coin of the reign of Agrippa II, great-grandson of Herod the Great, was found at Bethsaida, the site on the north shore of Lake Kinneret, which is being dug under the direction of Rami Arav, who dates the coin to 85 CE. It was minted at Caesarea Maritima and has the head of Roman Emperor Domitian on one side and a palm tree on the reverse.\nAncient Game Board Found at Tel Gezer\nAn inscribed game board, about 25cm long × 6cm wide, with three counters and two dice was recently uncovered at Tel Gezer, a Solomonic site 25 km. south-east of Tel Aviv. In spite of continued rocket fire from Gaza, the mainly United States student volunteers have refused to leave and have continued work on the site, and jump into their excavation pits when the sirens wail, according to joint directors Steve Ortiz of SW Baptist Theological Seminary of Fort Worth, Texas and Sam Wolff of the IAA.\nThreat of Erosion to Western Wall\nA recent study at the Hebrew University has shown that the interstices between the stones of the outer wall of the Jerusalem Temple, the site known as the Western Wall, a major tourist and religious attraction, are causing unusually high erosion of the limestone blocks that make up the wall.\nThe cause was due to “rapid dissolution along micron-scale grain boundaries followed by mechanical detachment of tiny particles from the surface” according to the researchers.\nThey add that it may be possible to develop materials that bind the tiny crystals into the rock and thus counteract the rate of erosion. In contrast, the air of Jerusalem is rather dusty with particles of sand blowing in from the Judean desert, and my scientific advisor says that this leaves a grainy deposit on the buildings that generally helps to preserve the ancient stonework.\nDeath of the IAA Director-General, Joshua Dorfmann\nOn 31st July of this year Joshua (Shuka) Dorfmann passed away. He was aged 64 and had been Director-general of the IAA since 2000. He had been appointed from the Army, where he was the principal artillery officer of the Israel Defence Forces with the rank of brigadier. He had an MA degree from Haifa University in Political Science and in his time at the IAA he had organised a large expansion of rescue digs throughout the country. His position will be filled by his deputy Dr. Uzi Dahari, until a new Director General can be appointed.\nAuthor adminPosted on 21 August 2014 Categories Objects, SitesTags Bar Kochba, Bethsaida, coins, erosion, Eyal Marco, game board, Herod, Hirbet Mazruk, IAA, Jerusalem, Joshua Dorfmann, Pablo Betzer, Rami Arav, Sam Wolff, Steve Ortiz, Tel Gezer, Uzi Dahari, Western Wall","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line913295"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9451273083686829,"wiki_prob":0.9451273083686829,"text":"The publisher of The Onion, Jezebel and other websites lays off 15 employees.\nG/O Media, the publisher of The Onion, Gizmodo, Jezebel, and several other websites, laid off more than a dozen staff members in its video department Friday, prompting accusations from the employees’ union that websites’ editors in chief had not been consulted.\nA G/O Media spokeswoman said that 15 employees had been let go. A statement said the decision was necessary to allow the company to invest in other areas.\n“In our efforts to strengthen editorial teams at G/O Media, we completed a thorough evaluation of our traffic and sites,” it said. “In doing so, we’re making the unfortunate but necessary decision to change our current process of video production.”\nBut in a statement posted on Twitter, the GMG Union accused the company of taking the video department’s legs out from under it.\n“Instead of working with editorial leadership to figure out how to execute a successful video strategy,” it said, “they laid off many talented and vital staff members, leaving a serious gap in sites’ abilities to produce any videos at all.”\nIn April, G/O laid off 14 workers in response to the coronavirus pandemic, which has caused a sharp drop in advertising.\nBut the media company had been struggling before the pandemic. Last fall, nearly two dozen employees resigned from the sports news site Deadspin after its acting editor in chief was fired, causing the sports blog to fall silent for several months. Also that fall, G/O shuttered Splinter, a politics-focused blog.\nG/O is owned by the Boston private equity firm Great Hill Partners, which purchased what was then known as Gizmodo Media Group from Univision in April 2019. Univision in turn had bought several of the sites from Gawker Media, which had filed for bankruptcy in 2016 following a $140 million judgment in an invasion-of-privacy lawsuit secretly bankrolled by the Silicon Valley executive Peter Thiel.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line215933"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7614883780479431,"wiki_prob":0.7614883780479431,"text":"Senate confirms two to NTSB\nThe U.S. Senate confirmed two members to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) on July 24.\nGeneral aviation safety advocate Bruce Landsberg was confirmed as vice-chairman of the NTSB and transportation veteran Jennifer Homendy was confirmed to fill an empty board seat.\nHomendy was nominated to the position in April and will fill a term lasting until Dec. 31, 2019, that was vacated by Mark Rosekind. She has served as Democratic staff director for the U.S. House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee’s railroad, pipelines and hazardous materials subcommittee since 2004.\nPrior to that, Homendy was a legislative representative for the International Brotherhood of Teamsters and has worked for the Transportation Trades Department (TTD) , AFL-CIO, the American Iron and Steel Institute, and the National Federation of Independent Business.\n“She will bring to her new role a deep understanding of the needs, responsibilities, and obstacles faced by America’s frontline transportation workforce,” said Larry I. Willis, president of the TTD. “On behalf of our 32 affiliated unions, I offer our collective congratulations to Jennifer for this important achievement in her career, and look forward to continuing our work together to enhance transportation safety.”\nLandsberg held leadership roles in the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Foundation and Air Safety Institute for 22 years before his retirement from the organization in 2014. He has frequently worked with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other regulatory agencies, and industry groups such as the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) and the National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA).\nLandsberg was nominated to serve as NTSB vice chair in September 2017 and is slated to serve a two-year term as NTSB vice chairman, with his term as a board member extending through Dec. 31, 2022.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1615342"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9950801134109497,"wiki_prob":0.9950801134109497,"text":"Sally Branson – Class of 1996\nSally Branson, new boss of the Victorian Nationals, breaks the party mould\nBy Darren Gray – The Age, 31 July 2016\nThe new party boss is young, understands the influence of social media and is a woman who lives in St Kilda East.\nTraditionally, the National Party has been known as a party of farmers, represented mostly by male MPs. And in a number of cases over the years, at least in Victoria, many Nationals politicians have been ex-AFL footy players, or former country sports stars.\nSo Sally Branson, the new state director of the National Party of Victoria, breaks the mould.\nBut she is also one of a growing number of young women in the Victorian party in positions of influence. There are three women in the Victorian Parliament representing the Nationals, Stephanie Ryan, Emma Kealy and Melina Bath, who are all in their first term in Parliament.\nAnother Victorian woman, Bridget McKenzie, represents the Nationals in federal politics in the Senate.\n“(Over) the last six years in Victoria we’ve gone from having one woman in our party room, to having three women, one of them being the deputy leader. So in Victoria I feel really proud to be a part of that team,” Ms Branson says.\nWhile she now lives in inner-Melbourne, the 38-year-old grew up in “Colbo”, or Colbinabbin, a small town and farming district in north central Victoria where her parents were mixed farmers.\n“I’m very proudly a country girl from Colbinabbin,” she says.\nBut she is also experienced in the world of Canberra politics, having been a press secretary for former prime minister Tony Abbott and former small business minister Bruce Billson. She is also a former member of the Liberal Party.\nMs Branson, who took up her role with the Nationals earlier this year, hopes to increase party membership and get more young people and women involved with the party. She also hopes the party can appeal to people who were raised in country Victoria but have moved to Melbourne for career or family reasons, and to other Melburnians who have a strong affinity with country Victoria.\n“We need to build the membership, because we have no other option. So I really want to look at how we can share more messages about how we are relevant and how we are progressive on policy,” she says.\n“We have a lot of women who are involved in the party, but there is a hesitancy to stand up and put their hands up, because they think that you can’t combine family and politics, and also that politics is a dirty game. Politics doesn’t have to be a dirty game,” she says.\nShe plans to extend the party’s social media footprint, recently established the Victorian Nationals’ first Snapchat account and is also considering the concept of “e-branches”, or electronic branches, for some members.\nThe party is also looking at new ways to communicate with members. “The reality is that we don’t have a lot of email addresses for our members, because our membership hasn’t traditionally been on email,” she says.\nAs well as being a former press secretary, Ms Branson has been a public affairs officer for the US embassy based at the consulate in Melbourne, a regional arts development officer in outback NSW and a former state Coalition staffer.\nJohn Holton2016-08-01T09:52:41+11:00August 1st, 2016|Alumni News|\nHistory celebrated\nRetirement function for Meredith Fettling\nAlumni to perform in Baai celebration\nJack Hickman – Class of 2020\nHistory plaques installed","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line808509"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5000728368759155,"wiki_prob":0.4999271631240845,"text":"ABE OOMMEN\nAbe Oommen, Ph.D.\nFounder and CSO\nAbe Oommen, Ph.D. founded MatMaCorp in 2014 and is the company’s President and Chief Scientific Officer where he manages all new technology development. Abe, an entrepreneur and scientist, founded the company to address unmet needs from the service-lab model of genotyping and diagnostic testing. Before founding MatMaCorp, Abe co-founded GeneSeek, a high-throughput genotyping service lab, in 1998. GeneSeek was acquired by Neogen in 2010 and today is the world’s largest commercial agricultural genotyping facility. Before that, Abe worked as an Applications Scientist at LI-COR Biosciences, a scientific instrumentation company, where he was involved in the development, marketing, and sales of an automated DNA sequencing system. Abe has a Ph.D. in Biology (Molecular Genetics) from Kansas University and completed his postdoctoral work at the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation in Oklahoma.\nBack to About Us","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line163030"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7503981590270996,"wiki_prob":0.7503981590270996,"text":"65 Years Ago: Johnny Cash Records ‘I Walk the Line’\nOn April 2, 1956, Cash recorded what would become one of his most famous songs.\nJohnny Cash + June Carter Cash — Country’s Greatest Love Stories\nTheirs is a love story of persistence.\nThe Boot Staff\nJohnny Cash and June Carter Cash’s Sweetest Relationship Moments [PICTURES]\nGreat country love story ... or GREATEST country love story?\n30 Years Ago: Johnny Cash Is Inducted Into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame\nOn Jan. 15, 1992, the Man in Black was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.\nTop 10 CMA Awards Moments\nFrom historic Entertainer of the Year wins to surprising onstage antics, this photo gallery looks back at 10 of the CMA Awards' biggest moments.\nTop 5 Glen Campbell Duets and Collaborations\nWhich one is your favorite?\n10 Albums Even Country Music Haters Should Own\nIf you're cut from the cloth of those that just don't like country music, we understand -- kind of.\nTop 10 Cover Songs in Country Music\nRemakes, also commonly known as cover songs, go all the way back to the earliest days of popular music and have stretched across myriad musical genres.\n10 Essential Albums for Your Country Music Education\nWhether you're a lifelong fan or a country music newbie, there's always something to learn and someone new to discover.\nRemember When Columbia Records Dropped Johnny Cash and Stunned Nashville?\nHe heard the news in the worst possible way.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line822841"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5827569365501404,"wiki_prob":0.5827569365501404,"text":"This historic and wildlife-rich waterway, owned by Waveney District Council, runs through the millennium Green, joins the River Blyth and runs onwards to Southwold. Our volunteers carry out management work along its banks for amenity and wildlife purposes, in consultation with the Environment Agency, WDC and the Town Council. (See New Reach Review and Update 2016 and New Reach Aims/Objectives/Action Plan from 2016)\nHalesworth New Reach is one of the most important, truly distinctive features, of our Town. It was dug in 1760 as part of the Blyth Navigation to provide a direct link between Halesworth and the sea at Southwold Harbour. For over 100 years the wherries provided the vital transport link for the industries of Halesworth to import their raw materials and export their finished goods. It was the reason why Patrick Stead in the first half of the 19th Century made Halesworth the hub of his Maltings empire.\nThe Blyth Navigation had ceased to be a commercial waterway by the end of the 19th century ruined by the coming of the railway and the continuing problems of the silting of Southwold Harbour. However in 1968 Wilfrid George, in order to safeguard it as a community resource, registered the New Reach from the junction with the Town River to Halesworth Lock as a Village Green. The area of land marked on the plan includes the towpath from the bridge adjacent to Langley’s Quay site to White Bridge, an area adjacent to the Langley’s Quay Bridge that is now included in the recreation area, a spur that was a channel for wherries accessing the George Maltings but is now a tarmac path and otherwise is just the area of the old channel of the Navigation.\nIn 1993 a community initiative was started to restore the New Reach and create a new local amenity. A combination of the bureaucracy associated with water levels and the floods of that year led to the ending of this scheme.\nThere is a sluice under White Bridge that retains water in the upper part of the Reach and this section is rich in water plants, fish and invertebrates. Unfortunately it receives overflow from the River after heavy rain and the fertiliser causes a heavy growth of weed which tends to clog the open water and require frequent clearance. Otters fish in the New Reach and water voles are sometimes seen.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line458570"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5995742678642273,"wiki_prob":0.4004257321357727,"text":"Car Accident News and Tips » Sixteen-year-old Boy Killed in Mojave Desert Crash\nSixteen-year-old Boy Killed in Mojave Desert Crash\nA boy from Illinois died in yesterday’s rollover crash on Interstate 40 in the Mojave Desert, according to officials from the San Bernardino County coroner’s office. The accident, which happened around 2:25 a.m. on September 7, 2011 near the Fenner Rest Area, involved a single vehicle that was towing a trailer.\nAs reported in The Press-Enterprise, Jesus Aguiar was traveling with eight others when their vehicle overturned, killing the teenager at the scene of the crash. He had not been wearing a seat belt, and was thrown from the vehicle when it went out of control and overturned.\nNo other details of the accident are currently available, but California Highway Patrol officers from the headquarters in Needles are continuing to examine this tragedy.\nIf you are in an accident, you need support. The Accident Attorneys’ Group provides their clients the expert legal help to win results. You can feel confident that the car accident lawyer who represents you knows your concerns, and the issues you face with crowded roads, freeways, and highways that can lead to automobile accidents, motorcycle accidents, bus accidents, and truck accidents. The car accident lawyer knows these issues from the inside and out—as a legal professional and as a citizen who shares the road and lives in the communities.\nThe Accident Attorneys’ Group serves clients in many locations across the United States, and has a car accident lawyer to represent you in San Diego, Riverside, San Bernardino, Orange County, San Fernando Valley, Ontario, Newport Beach, Los Angeles, Fresno, San Jose, San Francisco, Sacramento, and Las Vegas.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line253316"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7935813069343567,"wiki_prob":0.7935813069343567,"text":"The Fluoride Deception - Video\nThe Fluoride Deception, a book by award winning investigative reporter Christopher Bryson, contains an impressive amount of research to demonstrate fluoride’s harmfulness, the ties between leading fluoride researchers and the corporations who funded and benefited from their research.\nCheck out some local debate featured on TV3 Campbell Live.\nReviews of The Fluoride Deception\nThe Fluoride Deception\nby Christopher Bryson\nwith a foreword by Dr. Theo Colborn\nSeven Stories Press, May 2004\n\"Bryson marshals an impressive amount of research to demonstrate fluoride’s harmfulness, the ties between leading fluoride researchers and the corporations who funded and benefitted from their research, and what he says is the duplicity with which fluoridation was sold to the people. The result is a compelling challenge to the reigning dental orthodoxy, which should provoke renewed scientific scrutiny and public debate.\" - PUBLISHERS WEEKLY\n\"The arguments have raged for more than forty years, and in The Fluoride Deception, Christopher Bryson raises the stakes by reporting a great deal of relevant and often alarming research, and by telling a series of human stories... [A] thought-provoking and worthwhile book.\" - NATURE, \"A Chemical Conspiracy?\" March 17, 2005\n\"'The Fluoride Deception' reads like a whodunit. There are conspiracies, cover-ups, human casualties, and broken careers. The prime suspects in this toxic thriller are compounds of fluoride; the coconspirators represent industry, the military, and the public health community. At the book's ending, the suspect chemicals are not proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt, but we are left with compelling evidence that powerful interests with high financial stakes have colluded to prematurely close honest discussion and investigation into fluoride toxicity.\" - CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS, \"Is Fluoride Really All that Safe?\", August 16, 2004. (Read full review)\n\"The Fluoride Deception by Christopher Bryson, just published in the US, examines the background of the fluoridation debate. Bryson, who has had the advantage of access to recently declassified files, concludes that fluoridation is a triumph not of medical science but of US government spin.'\" - THE GUARDIAN, \"A Kick in the Teeth\", June 8, 2004\n\"The Fluoride Deception points to the suppression of medical information, the sacking of experts who found damaging evidence of potentially nasty side-effects that governments didn't want to hear and a powerful political lobby that grasped fluoridation as a cheap means of mass medication.\" - IRISH INDEPENDENT, \"Teething Trouble\", June 22, 2004\n\"In much the same way biologist Rachel Carson warned us over forty years ago in Silent Spring about the havoc and harm being caused by the misuse of persistent pesticides, journalist Christopher Bryson here lays bare the secret story and hidden dangers of the introduction of fluoride chemicals from the cold war era into our drinking water. The Fluoride Deception presents a scorching indictment of how researchers and health care officials working closely with government agencies, big industry, and their attorneys have allowed themselves to surrender their responsibility for the medical well-being of their fellow citizens.\" - DR. ALBERT W. BURGSTAHLER, former president of the International Society for Fluoride Research and Emeritus Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of Kansas\n\"The Fluoride Deception compellingly and inescapably exposes the murderous fraud that heads of state and industry have for decades perpetrated on an innocent public. Extremely well written and tightly researched, The Fluoride Deception is sure to become the 'must read' book in this important and burgeoning field.\" - DERRICK JENSEN, author of The Culture of Make Believe and A Language Older Than Words\n\"Bryson is right on in his emphasis on the ineffectiveness of fluoridation of water with industrial wastes, and its risks of nerve and brain damage, and cancer, coupled with the long-standing industrial conspiracy to suppress this information.\" - DR. SAM EPSTEIN, Chairman of the Cancer Prevention Coalition and Professor Emeritus of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Illinois School of Public Health\n\"Bryson has done some excellent research here. The book has Pulitzer Prize written all over it. He has taken things of which many of us were already aware, but added the crucial details, dotted all the i's, crossed all the t's. It is a sickening tale of industrial and governmental collusion to conceal from the public the dangers of fluoride pollution generated by so many industries as well as the nuclear program... No environmental activist with an ounce of intelligence or integrity could read this book and not be appalled.\nThe Fluoride Deception should become the basic text for those who would insist that science and integrity should inform public policy and that regulators should serve the public not the polluters.\" DR. PAUL CONNETT, Executive Director, Fluoride Action Network.\nAbout the Author Christopher Bryson\nCHRISTOPHER BRYSON is an award winning investigative reporter and a television producer. He covered Guatemalan Army human rights abuses from Central America in the late 1980's for the BBC World Service, National Public Radio and The Atlanta Constitution. In 1989 he was part of an investigative team that won a George Polk Award and Sidney Hillman Prize with Jonathan Kwitny at Public Television's The Kwitny Report. In 1999 he won a Project Censored award with medical writer Joel Griffiths.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1404831"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6038796305656433,"wiki_prob":0.6038796305656433,"text":"410 U.S. 263 - McGinnis v. Royster\n410 US 263 McGinnis v. Royster\n93 S.Ct. 1055\n35 L.Ed.2d 282\nPaul D. McGINNIS, Commissioner of Correction, et al., Appellants.\nJames ROYSTER et al.\nArgued Dec. 11, 1972.\nDecided Feb. 21, 1973.\nAppellees challenge as violative of equal protection § 230(3) of the New York Correction Law, which denies certain state prisoners good-time credit toward parole eligibility for the period of their presentence county jail incarceration, whereas those released on bail prior to sentence received under the statute full allowance of good-time credit for the entire period of their prison confinement. A three-judge District Court, viewing the good-time statutory scheme as primarily aimed at fostering prison discipline, upheld appellees' claim on the ground that there is no rational basis for the statutory distinction between jail and non-jail defendants in awarding good-time credit. Held: Under the New York scheme good-time credit takes into account a prisoner's performance under the program of rehabilitation that is fostered under the state prison system, but not in the county jails, which serve primarily as detention centers. Since the jails have no significant rehabilitation program, a rational basis exists for declining to give good-time credit for the pretrial jail-detention period; and the statute will be sustained even if fostering rehabilitation was not necessarily the primary legislative objective, cf. South Carolina v. Katzenbach, 383 U.S. 301, 331, 86 S.Ct. 803, 820, 15 L.Ed.2d 769; Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 486, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 1162, 25 L.Ed.2d 491. Pp. 268—277.\n332 F.Supp. 973, reversed.\nMichael Colodner, New York City, for appellants.\nG. Jeffery Sorge, Long Beach, N.Y., for appellees, pro hac vice, by special leave of Court.\nMr. Justice POWELL delivered the opinion of the Court.\nThe question before us concerns the constitutionality of § 230(3) of the New York Correction Law, McKinney's Consol.Laws, c. 43, which denied appellee state prisoners 'good time' credit for their presentence incarceration in county jails.1 Appellees claim that disallowing such credit to them while permitting credit up to the full period of ultimate incarceration for state prisoners who were released on bail prior to sentencing deprived them of equal protection of the laws. The three-judge District Court, one judge dissenting, upheld their claim, 332 F.Supp. 973 (1971). The Commissioner of Correction and other officials (hereafter Commissioner) have appealed and we noted probable jurisdiction, 405 U.S. 986, 92 S.Ct. 1247, 31 L.Ed.2d 452 (1972).2\nThe challenged New York sentencing system is a complex one, and some basic definitions are required at the outset. Jail time denotes that time an individual passes in a county jail prior to trial and sentencing. Good time is awarded for good behavior and efficient performance of duties during incarceration. Both good time and jail time figure variously in the calculations of a series of release dates that each prisoner receives upon his arrival at state prison. Each inmate has both a minimum parole date, which is the earliest date on which he may be paroled at the discretion of the Parole Board, and a statutory release date which is the earliest date he must be paroled by the Parole Board.3 The minimum parole date is calculated under §§ 230(2) and 230(3) by subtracting the greatest amount of good time that can be earned (10 days per month) from the minimum sentence of an indeterminate term.4 The statutory release date is calculated under § 230(4) by subtracting the greatest amount of good time that can be earned (5 days per month) from the maximum sentence of an indeterminate term.\nAlthough appellees did receive jail-time credit for the period of their presentence incarceration in county jail, § 230(3) explicitly forbids, in calculating the minimum parole date, any good-time credit for the period of county jail detention served prior to transfer to state prison.5 Appellee Royster, being unable to post bail, served 404 days' jail time in the Nassau County Jail prior to his transfer to state prison to serve consecutive 5-to-10-year terms for burglary in the third degree and grand larceny in the first degree. Appellee Rutherford also failed to make bail and spent 242 days' jail time in Nassau County Jail prior to his trial, sentencing, and transfer to state prison for concurrent terms of 10 to 20 years for robbery in the first degree and two and one-half to five years for grand larceny in the second degree. It is undisputed that, were appellees Royster and Rutherford to receive good-time credit for their presentence confinement in county jail, they would be entitled to appear before the Parole Board approximately four and three months earlier, respectively, than under the computation required by § 230(3).\nTwo additional points merit mention. While New York does deny good-time credit for jail time in computing the minimum parole date under §§ 230(2) and (3), it allows such credit in calculating the statutory release date under § 230(4).6 Finally, § 230(3) itself provides that good-time credit for jail time shall be awarded to those prisoners confined after sentence in county penitentiaries, as opposed to those convicted of felonies, such as appellees, who are transferred after sentence to state prison.7\n* Section 230(3) of the New York Correction Law does, as appellees note, draw a distinction 'between the treatment of state prisoners incarcerated prior to sentencing and those who were not similarly incarcerated.'8 Appellees contend that 'denying state prisoners good-time credit for the period of their pre-sentence incarceration in a County Jail whereas those fortunate enough to obtain bail prior to sentence (receive) a full allowance of good time credit for the entire period which they ultimately spend in custody'9 violates equal protection of the laws and discriminates against those state prisoners unable to afford or otherwise qualify for bail prior to trial.\nWe first note that any relative disadvantage the distinction works on appellees is lessened by the fact that New York on September 1, 1967, replaced § 230 of its Correction Law with §§ 803 and 805, which apply to all convictions for offenses after that date.10 Under the new scheme, 'good time earned on the minimum sentence is abolished. A prisoner meets with the Parole Board at the expiration of his minimum term, regardless of how much good time he has earned or of how much time he spent in jail prior to arriving at state prison.'11 New York has given appellees—and all those sentenced for offenses committed prior to September 1, 1967—a chance to elect the new procedure, but appellees declined to do so. Appellees thus enjoy at least as favorable a position as all state prisoners convicted for offenses committed subsequent to September 1, 1967, including those released on bail prior to sentence. Appellees thus are disadvantaged in the computation of time only in comparison with those who were convicted of offenses committed prior to September 1, 1967, and made bail prior to trial. Even the adverse impact of this difference is lessened, though not eliminated, by the fact that New York did not deprive appellees of credit for the full amount of actual time spent in jail prior to trial and sentencing but only of the potential additional 10 days per month of good time ordinarily available under § 230(2) to inmates for good conduct and efficient performance of duty.12\nWe note, further, that the distinction of which appellees complain arose in the course of the State's sensitive and difficult effort to encourage for its prisoners constructive future citizenship while avoiding the danger of releasing them prematurely upon society. The determination of an optimal time for parole eligibility elicited multiple legislative classifications and groupings, which the court below rightly concluded require only some rational basis to sustain them. James v. Strange, 407 U.S. 128, 140, 92 S.Ct. 2027, 2034, 32 L.Ed.2d 600 (1972); Lindsey v. Normet, 405 U.S. 56, 73—74, 92 S.Ct. 862, 874—875, 31 L.Ed.2d 36 (1972); Schilb v. Kuebel, 404 U.S. 357, 92 S.Ct. 479, 30 L.Ed.2d 502 (1971); Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 487, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 1162, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). Appellees themselves recognize this to be the appropriate standard.13 For this Court has observed that '(t)he problems of government are practical ones and may justify, if they do not require, rough accommodations, illogical, it may be, and unscientific.' Metropolis Theatre Co. v. City of Chicago, 228 U.S. 61, 69—70, 33 S.Ct. 441, 443, 57 L.Ed. 730 (1913). We do not wish to inhibit state experimental classifications in a practical and troublesome area, but inquire only whether the challenged distinction rationally furthers some legitimate, articulated state purpose. We conclude that it does.\nThe Commissioner defends the distinction by noting that 'state prisons differ from county jails with respect to purpose, usage and availability of facilities.' State prisons are 'intended to have rehabilitation as a prime purpose and the facilities at these institutions are built and equipped to serve this purpose.' The Commissioner cites the presence at state prisons of 'educational and vocational services such as schools, factories, jobtraining programs and related activities.'14 At argument, the Commissioner noted: 'We have barber shops. We teach trades. We manufacture a lot of goods. . . . Greenhaven State Prison has a textile factory.'15\nWe pass no judgment on the success or merits of the State's efforts, but note only that at state prisons a serious rehabilitative program exists. County jails, on the other hand, serve primarily as detention centers. The State asserts they are 'neither equipped nor intended to do anything more than detain people awaiting trial and maintain no schools, run no factories and require no work from these inmates.'16 While appellees do point to the existence of some rehabilitative or recreational facilities within some county jails,17 it is clear that nothing comparable to the State's rehabilitative effort exists.\nThese significant differences afford the basis for a different treatment within a constitutional framework. We note that the granting of good-time credit toward parole eligibility takes into account a prisoner's rehabilitative performance. Section 230(2) of the New York Correction Law authorizes such credit toward the minimum parole date 'for good conduct and efficient and willing performance of duties assigned (emphasis added).'18 The regulations of the New York Department of Correction, 7 N.Y.C.R.R. § 260.1(a), state that: '(T)he opportunity to earn good behavior allowances offers inmates a tangible reward for positive efforts made during incarcertation (emphasis added).'19 As the statute and regulations contemplate state evaluation of an inmate's progress toward rehabilitation, in awarding good time,20 it is reasonable not to award such time for pretrial detention in a county jail where no systematic rehabilitative programs exist and where the prisoner's conduct and performance are not even observed and evaluated by the responsible state prison officials. Further, it would hardly be appropriate for the State to undertake in the pretrial detention period programs to rehabilitate a man still clothed with a presumption of innocence. In short, an inmate in county jail is neither under the supervision of the State Correction Department nor participating in the State's rehabilitative programs. Where there is no evaluation by state officials and little or no rehabilitative participation for anyone to evaluate, there is a rational justification for declining to give good-time credit.21\nWe do not agree with the court below that the integrity of appellants' assertions as to rehabilitation is undermined by the fact that the State does grant under § 230(3) good-time credit for presentence jail time to county penitentiary inmates and under § 230(4) to state prisoners for the purpose of calculating their statutory release dates.22 The legislature could have concluded rationally that county penitentiary inmates, who are nonfelons with less than one-year sentences, required quantitatively and qualitatively less rehabilitation—with fewer risks of misevaluation—than inmates confined to state prison for more serious crimes. And the legislature could rationally have distinguished between the minimum parole date and the statutory release date on the ground that an acceleration of the minimum parole date posed a greater danger that an inmate would be released without adequate exposure to rehabilitative programs and without adequate evaluation by prison officials. Thus, New York's decision to deny good-time credit for presentence jail time solely with respect to a state prisoner's minimum parole date is rationally justified on the ground that the risk of prematurely releasing unrehabilitated or dangerous criminals may well be greatest when the parole decision is made prior to expiration of the minimum sentence.\nNeither appellees nor the court below contended that increased opportunity for state evaluation of an inmate's behavior and rehabilitative progress was not a purpose of the challenged provision of § 230(3). Appellees state only that the rehabilitative purpose was not the 'overriding' one,23 and the District Court noted that 'the legislature's primary aim in enacting the good the statute was to foster and insure the maintenance of prison discipline.' 332 F.Supp. at 978 (emphasis added).24 We do not dispute these statements: the disciplinary purpose is certainly an important and possibly the 'primary' aim of the legislation.25 Yet, out decisions do not authorize courts to pick and choose among legitimate legislative aims to determine which is primary and which subordinate. Rather, legislative solutions must be respected if the 'distinctions drawn have some basis in practical experience,' South Carolina v. Katzenbach, 383 U.S. 301, 331, 86 S.Ct. 803, 820, 15 L.Ed.2d 769 (1966), or if some legitimate state interest is advanced, Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S., at 486, 90 S.Ct., at 1162. So long as the state purpose upholding a statutory class is legitimate and nonillusory, its lack of primacy is not disqualifying.\nWhen classifications do not call for strict judicial scrutiny, this is the only approach consistent with proper judicial regard for the judgments of the Legislative Branch. The search for legislative purpose is often elusive enough, Palmer v. Thompson, 403 U.S. 217, 91 S.Ct. 1940, 29 L.Ed.2d 438 (1971), without a requirement that primacy be ascertained. Legislation is frequently multipurposed: the removal of even a 'subordinate' purpose may shift altogether the consensus of legislative judgment supporting the statute. Permitting nullification of statutory classifications based rationally on a nonprimary legislative purpose would allow courts to peruse legislative proceedings for subtle emphases supporting subjective impressions and preferences. The Equal Protection Clause does not countenance such speculative probing into the purposes of a coordinate branch. We have supplied no imaginary basis or purpose for this statutory scheme, but we likewise refuse to discard a clear and legitimate purpose because the court below perceived another to be primary.\nAs the challenged classification here rationally promotes the legitimate desire of the state legislature to afford state prison officials an adequate opportunity to evaluate both an inmate's conduct and his rehabilitative progress before he is eligible for parole, the decision of the District Court is reversed.\nMr. Justice DOUGLAS, with whom Mr. Justice MARSHALL concurs, dissenting.\nUnder § 230(3) of the New York Correction Law, a prisoner loses 'good time' as punishment for offenses against the discipline of the prison. The statutory appearance of inmates before a parole board is computed by allowance of up to 10 days for 'good conduct' each month under the law governing appellees.1 No 'good time' credit is allowed, however, for the period of their presentence incarceration in a county jail. Thus, two prisoners—one out on bail or personal recognizance pending trial and the other confined in jail while awaiting trial—are treated differently when it comes to parole, through each is convicted of the same crime and receives the identical sentence. The result, as the opinion of the Court makes plain, is that appellees are required to wait some months longer before they may appear before the Parole Board than do those who were out on bail or on personal recognizance pending trial but sentenced to the same term for the same crime.\nThe 'good time' deduction is not based on progress toward rehabilitation but is an inducement to inhibit bad conduct. That is what the three-judge court held in 332 F.Supp. 973. That construction accurately reflects New York's interpretation of § 230(3). The court in Parez v. Follette, 58 Misc.2d 319, 295 N.Y.S.2d 231, said:\n'The policy underlying the discretionary grant of good time reductions is clear. The attitude and conduct of prisoners should improve if they are offered an incentive for good and productive behavior while at the same time the fact that reductions can be withheld will inhibit bad conduct.' Id., at 321, 295 N.Y.S.2d, at 233.\nThat discipline—not rehabilitative progress—is the key to 'good time' credit is evidenced in another way. Once a prisoner arrives at prison, his future 'good time' is immediately computed and credited to his sentence. 'In effect, then, a prisoner does not 'earn' good time credit as time goes on for exemplary performance in assorted prison programs but rather simply avoids being penalized for bad behavior.' 332 F.Supp., at 978. That is confirmed by § 235 of the New York Correction Law:\n'(a) punishment for offenses against the discipline of the prison or penitentiary (is) in accordance with the rules hereinbefore mentioned. Reduction credited to a prisoner in the first instance, in his account, by the warden, as provided in section two hundred and thirty, shall stand as the reduction allowed, unless withheld wholly or partly by the board as punishment, as above provided.'\nMoreover, under § 230(4) of the Act, jail time is not excluded from the computation of a prisoner's maximum good-time allowance from the maximum term of an indeterminate sentence. This is the earliest date on which an inmate must be paroled, unlike the one we have here which involves the earliest date on which a prisoner may be paroled. But no rational grounds have been advanced for allowing 'good time' credit for jail time in one case but not in the other.\nThe claim that 'good time' is correlated to rehabilitative programs that only prisons have is the red herring in this litigation. The District Court exposed the fallacy in that rationale. Since the 'good time' credit is to induce good behavior by prisoners while they are confined, the place of their confinement becomes irrelevant. Jail-time allowance is allowed those confined in county penitentiaries. § 203(3). And, as I have said, jail time is credited in computing a prisoner's statutory release date.\nIt would seem that the 'good time' provision in § 230(3) is used capriciously, since it is allowed in cases not dissimilar to the present one.\nAfter all is said and done, the discrimination in the present case is a statutory one leveled against those too poor to raise bail and unable to obtain release on personal recognizance.2 See People v. Deegan, 56 Misc.2d 567, 289 N.Y.S.2d 285. That is the real rub in the present case.\nIn Paul v. Warden, N.Y.L.J., May 21, 1969, p. 18, col. 6, the Court said:\n'In computing the allowance of 'time off' for good behavior respondent considered only that time served subsequent to sentence as eligible for the allowance. Time served prior to sentence was excluded from the computation. The respondent's computation follows the method suggested by the Department of Correction.\n'This court is not in agreement with (the) method employed. It is inequitable in that it discriminates against those persons charged with crime that are able to furnish bail upon arraignment and those remanded as a result of inability to furnish bail.3\n'The inequity is blatantly apparent in the following cases. Two persons are charged with crimes identical in nature. On arraignment defendant A furnishes bail. A is subsequently sentenced, after a trial resulting in a verdict finding him guilty as charged, to one year in the county jail. Predicated upon his good behavior during the period of his incarceration A would be allowed a reduction of sixty days from the sentence of one year and would serve a total of 305 days. The defendant B, if confined for a period of 350 days prior to trial and sentence, and upon sentence was sentenced to confinement for one year would only be entitled to 'time off' for the period served following sentence or one-sixth of fifteen days for a total allowance of two days reduction in sentence despite good behavior during his entire period of imprisonment. B because of inability to furnish bail would thus serve 363 days as compared to the 305 days served by A.\n'This court refuses to countenance such disparity and discrimination.'\nIf 'good time' were related to rehabilitative progress, I would agree that the law passes muster under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. But since 'good time' is disallowed only to those who cannot raise bail or obtain release on personal recognizance, the discrimination is plainly invidious.\nWe deal here with a deepseated inequity. In New York City as of 1964, 49% of those accused were imprisoned before trial, while only 40% were imprisoned after conviction.4 See Wald, Pretrial Detention and Ultimate Freedom: A Statistical Study, 39 N.Y.U.L.Rev. 631, 634 (1964). It is poverty that is 'generally accepted as the main reason for pretrial detention.' Id., at 636. The inequality apparently appears in the end product since 'the longer the period of detention before disposition of the case, the greater the likelihood of a prison sentence. . . . The key seems to be the defendant's at-large status at the time of sentencing. The glow of freedom apparently shines through.' Id., at 635.\nAnother sample of 385 defendants showed that 64% of those continuously in jail from arraignment to adjudication were sentenced to prison, while only 17% of the 374 who made bail received prison sentences. Rankin, The Effect of Pretrial Detention, 39 N.Y.U.L.Rev. 641, 643 (1964). Detained persons are more likely to be sentenced to prison than bailed persons regardless of whether high or low bail amounts have been set. Id., at 641.\nThese studies were made by the Vera Foundation founded by Louis Schweitzer. See Programs in Criminal Justice Reform, Vera Institute of Justice, Ten-Year Report 1961—1971 (1972). That Report states that 'people who were too poor to afford bail or private counsel ended up in prison more often than those who could pay.' Id., at 96. And see Ares, Rankin, and Sturz, The Manhattan Bail Project: An Interim Report on the Use of Pre-Trial Parole, 38 N.Y.U.L.Rev. 67 (1963).\nThe present case is on the periphery of one of the most critical problems in criminal law enforcement.\nThe important issue involved in this case is not when and whether a prisoner is released. It concerns only the time when the Parole Board may give a hearing. To speed up the time of that hearing for those rich or influential enough to get bail or release on personal recognizance and to delay the time of the hearing for those without the means to buy a bail bond or the influence or prestige that will give release on personal recognizance emphasizes the invidious discrimination at work in § 230(3).\nSection 230(3):\n'In the case of a definite sentence prisoner, said reduction shall be computed upon the term of the sentence as imposed by the court, less jail time allowance, and in the case of an indeterminate sentence prisoner said reduction shall be computed upon the minimum term of such sentence, less jail time allowance. No prisoner, however, shall be released under the provisions hereof from a state prison until he shall have served at least one year. In the case of a prisoner confined in a penitentiary, said reduction shall be computed upon the term of the sentence as imposed by the court, including jail time allowance. Subject to the rules of the commissioner of correction, the maximum reduction of ten days in each month may, in the discretion of the board hereinafter provided for, be in whole or in part withheld, forfeited or cancelled, in accordance with the rules of the commissioner of correction for bad conduct, violation of prison rules or failure to perform properly duties assigned.'\nOther relevant sections read as set forth below.\n'Every prisoner confined in a state prison or penitentiary, except a prisoner sentenced for an indeterminate term having a minimum of one day and a maximum of his natural life, may receive, for good conduct and efficient and willing performance of duties assigned, a reduction of his sentence not to exceed ten days for each month of the minimum term in the case of an indeterminate sentence, or of the term as imposed by the court in the case of a definite sentence. The maximum reduction allowable under this provision shall be four months per year, but nothing herein contained shall be construed to confer any right whatsoever upon any prisoner to demand or require the whole or any part of such reduction.' Section 230(4):\n'Every prisoner confined in an institution under the jurisdiction of the state department of correction for an indeterminate term, except a prisoner sentenced for a term having a maximum of natural life, may receive, for good conduct and efficient and willing performance of duties assigned, a reduction of his sentence not to exceed two days for each month of the maximum term. For meritorious progress and achievement in a treatment program to which he has been assigned, following appropriate testing and classification, such prisoner may also receive a reduction of his sentence not to exceed three additional days for each month of the maximum term. In no event, however, shall the maximum reduction allowable under this subdivision exceed two months for each year of the maximum sentence, nor shall any such reduction be calculated under this subdivision to reduce the time actually served to a term less than the minimum sentence imposed by the court. . . .'\nThe Commissioner claims in this brief that the court below should have treated the instant case, not as a class action, Fed.Rule Civ.Proc. 23, but as a petition for habeas corpus with the attendant requirement that appellees exhaust their state remedies. Brief for Appellants 2. Appellants did not, however, raise this question in their jurisdictional statement, and did not argue it before the Court. In light of this, it becomes unnecessary to comment further on any possible exhaustion question.\nHe also has a maximum expiration date which is the date of the maximum sentence to which an inmate can be held if he receives no good-time credit at all. This date, unlike the other two, bears no direct relevance to the instant case.\nBoth prisoners here were sentenced to indeterminate terms. See § 230(1):\n'. . . A sentence to imprisonment in a state prison having minimum and maximum limits fixed by the court or the governor is an indeterminate sentence.'\nAs the court below noted:\n'There is no doubt that by its express wording Section 230 mandates the denial of good time credit for the time plaintiffs served in county jail awaiting trial and sentencing. Subsection 2 thereof provides that a state prisoner may receive, 'for good conduct and efficient and willing performance of duties assigned, a reduction of his sentence not to exceed ten days for each month of the minimum term in the case of an indeterminate sentence . . .,' and subsection 3 states that 'in the case of an indeterminate sentence prisoner said reduction shall be computed upon the mimimum term of such sentence, less jail time allowance. (Emphasis added.)' 332 F.Supp. 973, 974—975.\nSee People v. Deegan, 56 Misc.2d 567, 289 N.Y.S.2d 285 (1968); Paul v. Warden, N.Y.L.J., May 21, 1969, p. 18, col. 6.\n'In the case of a prisoner confined in a penitentiary, said reduction shall be computed upon the term of the sentence as imposed by the court, including jail time allowance.' (Emphasis added.)\nBrief for Appellees 5.\nId., at 5—6.\nThe court below correctly noted:\n'(The) statutory scheme of § 230, which is the subject of this lawsuit, is no longer the law in New York. On September 1, 1967, § 230 was replaced by §§ 803 and 805 of the Correction Law and §§ 70.30 and 70.40 of the new Penal Law, which sections apply to all convictions for offenses committed on or after that date (but not to convictions—as of plaintiffs herein—for offenses committed prior to the effective date). Thus, the scope of this case (and of the proposed class) is necessarily limited, for the challenged statute, § 230(3) of the Correction Law, now applies only to those prisoners who were convicted for offenses committed before September 1, 1967, whose minimum terms have not yet expired, who have not yet met with the Parole Board, and who have not yet elected the 'conditional release' program offered by the new law and made available to old law prisoners by § 230—a of the Correction Law. Of these prisoners, a smaller class yet—comprised of those inmates who served time in county jail prior to sentence to state prison—actually feel the effect of § 230(3)'s proscription against good time credit for jail time. Nevertheless, the briefs in this case attest to the continuing effect of that mandate on a substantial number of individuals.' 332 F.Supp., at 975 n. 4.\nBrief for Appellants 12.\nAs noted above, this would make a difference of three and four months, respectively, in the time appellees Rutherford and Royster were eligible to appear before the Parole Board.\nTr. of Oral Arg. 30.\nBrief for Appellees 17. But the State notes that 'some counties have absolutely nothing. Some have a little something.' Tr. of Oral Arg. 6.\nSee n. 1, supra.\nThe Appellants further note that:\n'Section 260.3 sets forth the criteria for awarding allowances and states:\n\"(b) In evaluating the amount of allowance to be granted, the statutory criteria (i.e. good behavior, efficient and willing performance of duties assigned, progress and achievement in an assigned treatment program) shall be viewed in the light of the following factors:\n\"(1) The attitude of the inmate;\n\"(2) The capacity of the inmate; and\n\"(3) The efforts made by the inmate within the limits of his capacity.'\n'These factors are evaluated by a time allowance committee, whose purpose is to make recommendations to the superintendent as to the amount of good behavior allowance to be granted to inmates who are eligible to be considered for such allowance. 7 N.Y.C.R.R. 261.2. The time allowance committee awards good time on the following criteria (7 N.Y.C.R.R. 261.3):\n\"(d) The committee shall consider the entire file of the inmate and shall interview the inmate and then shall decide upon a recommendation as to the amount of good behavior allowance to be granted, applying the principles set forth in sections 260.3 and 260.4 of this Part.\n\"(e) The committee shall not recommend the granting of the total allowance authorized by law or the withholding of any part of the allowance in accordance with any automatic rule, but shall appraise the entire institutional experience of the inmate and make its own determination.' (Emphasis added).' Reply Brief for Appellants 2—3.\nSee also the affidavit of the Deputy Commissioner of the Department of Correction, John R. Cain, who stated that:\n'The actual allowance of 'good time' is discretionary and is awarded as an incentive for good conduct. It is a means for encouraging participation in programs, efficient work and discipline.\n'The state correctional system seeks to encourage rehabilitation by work participation by inmates, job training programs and education programs. An inmate can be evaluated in his work and participation in the facility's programs and 'good time' granted as an incentive. Prior to being received in the facility, however, an inmate who is in jail is not under the supervision of the State Correction Department and is not involved in the facility program. Since the inmate is not participating in the state programs while in jail there is no opportunity to evaluate him nor need to encourage his participation.' App. 19a.\nAppellants further correctly note:\n'In fact, until recently changed by federal policy, the federal prison system itself did not require the awarding of good time for pre-trial incarceration under 18 U.S.C. § 4161, which awards good time solely for good behavior. Section 4161 states that good time begins to run 'with the day on which the sentence commences to run', and the sentence does not start to run until the prisoner is received in a federal penitentiary. See Blackshear v. United States, 434 F.2d 58 (5th Cir. 1970). The federal courts have uniformly upheld the denial of the opportunity to earn good time on this jail time. Bandy v. Willingham, 398 F.2d 333 (10th Cir. 1968), cert. den. 393 U.S. 1006, 89 S.Ct. 497, 21 L.Ed.2d 470, Aderhold v. Ellis, 84 F.2d 543 (5th Cir. 1936), cert. den. 299 U.S. 587, 57 S.Ct. 123, 81 L.Ed. 433, Swope v. Lawton, 83 F.2d 814 (9th Cir. 1936).' Brief for Appellants 20—21.\nSee supra, at 268, and nn. 7 and 8. The court below stated:\n'Whatever the merit in defendants' attempted distinction, the fact remains that state prisoners can be, and, under certain circumstances, are, granted good time credit for jail time for reasons other than as a reward for participation in the variout rehabilitative programs of the state prison system. The awarding of good time for jail time to these two classes of prisoners only reinforces the belief that the legislature's primary aim in enacting the good time statute was to foster and insure the maintenance of prison discipline.' 332 F.Supp., at 978.\nAt oral argument the following instructive colloquy occurred:\n'Q. Then it is your position that the only purpose at all, sir, by the statute, exclusively, the only single purpose, is the disciplinary one?\n'MR. SORGE: Your Honor, it is extremely difficult to say whether the only purpose is just for the discipline. I believe that the court has—\n'Q. If a purpose is the rehabilitation one, then are you not in some trouble?\n'MR. SORGE: If the main purpose is?\n'Q. If a purpose, not the main purpose, a purpose.\n'MR. SORGE: I do not believe so, Your Honor, because, as the district court stated, the overriding consideration in this case is disciplinary.\n'Q. You go further then than the district court, I take it, because I read the district court's opinion the same way Mr. Justice Brennan does, as saying that rehabilitation is a subordinate function and that its opinion is based on that. You say that it really is no function at all?\n'MR. SORGE: I believe that if you take the state prisoners themselves, Mr. Justice, there might be a subordinate position. However, I would repeat that the overriding consideration is the disciplinary aspect of it.' Tr. of Oral Arg. 28—30.\nSee also the court's statement that:\n'Defendants contend that good time is granted as an incentive to the inmates to participate in these prison rehabilitation programs and that, since county jails are not equipped to provide such services, there is no basis for granting good time for time served therein. If it were clear that the awarding of good time was based solely and exclusively on an evaluation of an inmate's performance in such programs so endemic to the state prison system, the denial of good time for jail time might be understandable; however, this does not appear to be the case. Rather, it seems that the overriding consideration in the granting of good time reductions is the maintenance of prison discipline.' 332 F.Supp., at 977.\nThe court below noted that the disciplinary purpose of the statute is demonstrated by the fact that 'a prisoner is immediately and automatically credited with a maximum allowance of good time credit for future good behavior at the time his minimum parole date is initially fixed upon his arrival in state prison. In effect, then, a prisoner does not 'earn' good time credit as time goes on for exemplary performance in assorted prison programs but rather simply avoids being penalized for bad behavior.' The court then cited § 235 of New York Correction Law providing that good time may be withheld as \"punishment for offenses against the discipline of the prison or penitentiary' (emphasis added) . . ..' 332 F.Supp., at 977—978.\nThe statements above do demonstrate a disciplinary purpose for the statute, but do not negate the rehabilitative one. There is nothing to show that good-time credit may not be revoked for failure of the inmate to participate acceptably in the State's rehabilitative program as well as for disciplinary violations. Indeed, § 230(3) requires loss of good time for 'bad conduct, violation of prison rules or failure to perform properly duties assigned.' (Emphasis added.)\nThe statutory scheme of § 230 was replaced on September 1, 1967, by §§ 803 and 805 of the Correction Law and §§ 70.30 and 70.40 of the new Penal Law, McKinney's Consol.Laws, c. 40, which sections apply to all convictions for offenses committed on or after that date (but not to convictions—as of appellees—for offenses committed prior to the effective date). The challenged statute, § 230(3) of the Correction Law, now applies only to those prisoners who were convicted for offenses committed before September 1, 1967, whose minimum terms have not yet expired, who have not yet met with the Parole Board, and who have not yet elected the 'conditional release' program offered by the new law and made available to old law prisoners by § 230—a of the Correction Law. Of these prisoners, a smaller class yet—composed of those inmates who served time in county jail prior to sentence to state prison—actually feel the effect of the § 230(3) proscription against good-time credit for jail time. Nevertheless, the mandate of § 230(3) affects a substantial number of individuals. See 332 F.Supp. 973, 975 n. 4.\nThe court in People v. Deegan, 56 Misc.2d 567, 289 N.Y.S.2d 285, in refusing to infer that § 230(4) must exclude jail time since § 230(3) does so, explicitly said: 'Adoption of the respondent's interpretation would have the effect of prejudicing a defendant who was unable to raise funds in order to be released on bail, and would deprive him of 'equal protection of the laws' in violation of the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. For example, a defendant who was at liberty on bail prior to judgment, and received a similar sentence would be subject to a maximum of 16-months, as opposed to 18-months for petitioner who could not afford bail and who languished in jail awaiting sentence. If there is logic or justice in this anomaly it escapes the court.' Id., at 568, 289 N.Y.S.2d, at 287.\nThis loss is real, for '(w)hat he is losing . . . is the possibility that if he appeared before the board he might persuade it to decide in his favor. Of course this loss, in practical, human terms is serious and involves a chance for at least qualified liberty.' United States ex rel. Campbell v. Pate, 7 Cir., 401 F.2d 55, 57.\nThe Vera Foundation in its Report, The Manhattan Bail Project, observed that 'bail is generally a door to pre-trial liberty for the rich, to pre-trial detention for the poor.' For the latter, it notes, 'poverty is, in fact, a punishable offense.' Even those with money may not be able to purchase a bail bond (id., at 3). 'The bondsman is responsible to no one and is subject to no review. He can refuse to write a bail bond whenever he chooses—because he 'mistrusts' a defendant, because he dislikes members of a given minority group, or because he got up on the wrong side of the bed. A bail bondsman is not obliged to have valid or sensible reasons.' Id., at 4.\nThe Vera Foundation has a staff that works with the magistrate to see which of those arrested may properly be released on their personal recognizance.\n'During the Project's first 30 months in the Manhattan courts, 2300 defendants were released on their own recognizance upon the recommendation of Vera staff members.\n'Ninety-nine per cent of these defendants returned to court when required; only one per cent failed to appear.\n'During this same period, about three per cent of those freed on bail failed to appear in court. Thus, it appears that verified information about a defendant's background is a more reliable criterion on which to release a defendant than is his ability to purchase a bail bond.' Id., at 7.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line995874"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7415122985839844,"wiki_prob":0.7415122985839844,"text":"Macropis Cuckoo Bee\nScientific Name: Epeoloides pilosulus\nOther/Previous Names: Epeoloides pilosula\nTaxonomy Group: Arthropods\nCOSEWIC Range: Nova Scotia\nCOSEWIC Status Criteria: B2ab(iii)\nCOSEWIC Reason for Designation:\nThis species is a habitat specialist, requiring both a suitable host (Macropis bees) and their host’s foodplant. The foodplant requires moist habitat and the host bee requires sunny, sandy slopes for its nest site. Historically in Canada, this species was known from six sites across five provinces. Despite recent increases in bee surveying activity nationwide, it has been found in Canada only once in the past fifty years and has not been seen again at this locality or nearby despite recent extensive searches. With only one location and a predicted continuing decline in habitat area and quality, this species is at imminent risk of extinction.\nQuick Links: | Description | Habitat | Biology | Threats | Protection | Recovery Initiatives | National Recovery Program | Documents\nThe Macropis cuckoo bee, Epeoloides pilosulus (Cresson), is the only North American member of a genus that contains two species, the other being found in the Old World. Epeoloides is the only genus of the tribe Osirini (Apidae, Apinae) found in both the New and Old World, the remaining genera are otherwise restricted to the Neotropics. All Osirini are cleptoparasites (i.e., cuckoos), thought to have oil-collecting bees as hosts, many of them are rare. Cleptoparasitic bee females sneak into the nests of their hosts and lay eggs on the food provision collected by the host bee. The egg or larva of the host bee is killed by the cleptoparasite. [Updated by COSEWIC - May. 2011]\nHistorically, Epeoloides pilosulus ranged throughout much of eastern and central North America. In Canada, Epeoloides pilosulus has been found originally from Quebec, but has since been reported from Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. In the past 40 years, it has only been collected in Canada at only one site in Nova Scotia and has not been found in more recent surveys there. In the United States, it was reported from Massachusetts south to Georgia and west to Montana. Recently it has been found only once in the U.S. Until the recent captures of two male specimens of Epeoloides pilosulus in Nova Scotia (2002) and one female in Connecticut (2006), this species was thought to be possibly extinct as no specimens had been seen since the early 1960s and very few since the early 1940s. Despite the commonness and wide distribution of oil-producing Lysimachia, E. pilosulus is very rare. [Updated by COSEWIC - May. 2011]\nEpeoloides pilosulus is found in habitats supporting both Macropis bees (Melittidae) and their food plant, Yellow Loosestrife (Lysimachia). Most species of Lysimachia known to be food hosts for Macropis bees in North America grow in swampy or moist habitats, and several are relatively common (and much more widely distributed than Macropis). Nest sites of Macropis (which serve as the “nesting sites” of Epeoloides pilosulus) are typically located within or adjacent to the host plant population, usually in sandy soil with sun exposure and vegetative undergrowth. [Updated by COSEWIC - May. 2011]\nEpeoloides pilosulus attacks nests of Macropis in North America, a genus which is dependent on its floral host, Lysimachia, for pollen and floral oil, though nectar from other plant species is also collected. Epeoloides coecutiens (Fabricius, 1775) from Europe is known to attack Macropis nests which it locates by the scent of nesting provisions (i.e., pollen and oil from Lysimachia flowers). [Updated by COSEWIC - May. 2011]\nThe main factors contributing to the tenuous existence of this species are primarily linked to loss or reduction of Macropis nesting sites. Both cleptoparasite and host bee are dependent on host plant populations of suitable size, and their distribution is thus restricted within the range of the food plant. As the oil-producing Lysimachia species normally used by North American Macropis usually grow in wet or swampy habitats, populations may be isolated from one another, preventing gene flow among both floral and bee populations. Under such conditions, local extirpation of both bee species is possible due to intrinsic factors linked to the haplodiploid reproductive system of bees, i.e., the production of sterile or inviable males instead of fertile females as population size declines, leading to fewer egg-laying females in the population which exacerbates the other impacts of small population size. Loss of large stands of Lysimachia through natural and anthropogenic causes with resulting increased distances between isolated patches are probably affecting Macropis populations, which in turn is probably the main factor contributing to the rarity of Epeoloides pilosulus. [Updated by COSEWIC - May. 2011]\nThe Macropis Cuckoo Bee is protected under the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA). More information about SARA, including how it protects individual species, is available in the Species at Risk Act: A Guide.\nName Recovery Strategy for the Macropis Cuckoo Bee (Epeoloides pilosulus) in Canada\nRelated Information (1 record(s) found.)\nCOSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Macropis Cuckoo Bee Epeoloides pilosulus in Canada (2011-09-09)\nThe Macropis cuckoo bee, Epeoloides pilosulus (Cresson), is the only North American member of a genus that contains two species, the other being found in the Old World. Epeoloides is the only genus of the tribe Osirini (Apidae, Apinae) found in both the New and Old World, the remaining genera are otherwise restricted to the Neotropics. All Osirini are cleptoparasites (i.e., cuckoos), thought to have oil-collecting bees as hosts, many of them are rare. Cleptoparasitic bee females sneak into the nests of their hosts and lay eggs on the food provision collected by the host bee. The egg or larva of the host bee is killed by the cleptoparasite.\nResponse Statement - Macropis Cuckoo Bee (2011-12-08)\nRecovery Strategy for the Macropis Cuckoo Bee (Epeoloides pilosulus) in Canada (2021-10-21)\nThe Minister of Environment and Climate Change and Minister responsible for the Parks Canada Agency is the competent minister under SARA for the Macropis Cuckoo Bee and has prepared this recovery strategy, as per section 37 of SARA. To the extent possible, it has been prepared in cooperation with the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia, as per section 39(1) of SARA. In light of the current Covid-19 pandemic, the 60-day public comment period on the proposed Macropis Cuckoo Bee (Epeoloides pilosulus) in Canada has been extended to 90 days to provide sufficient time for feedback.\nOrder Acknowledging Receipt of the Assessments Done Pursuant to Subsection 23(1) of the Act (Volume 151, Number 25, 2017) (2017-12-13)\nHer Excellency the Governor General in Council, on the recommendation of the Minister of the Environment, acknowledges receipt, on the making of this Order, of the assessments done under subsection 23(1) of the Species at Risk Act by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada with respect to the status of the species set out in the annexed schedule.\nHer Excellency the Governor General in Council, on the recommendation of the Minister of the Environment, pursuant to subsection 27(1) of the Species at Risk Act, makes the annexed Order Amending Schedule 1 to the Species at Risk Act.\nUnder Canada’s Species at Risk Act (SARA), the foremost function of COSEWIC is to “assess the status of each wildlife species considered by COSEWIC to be at risk and, as part of the assessment, identify existing and potential threats to the species”. COSEWIC held two Wildlife Species Assessment Meetings during the past year assessing the status or reviewing the classification of a total of 92 wildlife species.\nConsultation on Amending the List of Species under the Species at Risk Act: Terrestrial Species – December 2011 (2011-12-08)\nAs part of its strategy for protecting wildlife species at risk, the Government of Canada proclaimed the Species at Risk Act (SARA) on June 5, 2003. Attached to the Act is Schedule 1, the list of the species that receive protection under SARA, also called the List of Wildlife Species at Risk. Please submit your comments by February 8, 2012 for species undergoing normal consultations and by November 8, 2012 for species undergoing extended consultations.\nEnvironment and Climate Change Canada’s Species at Risk Act (SARA) Listing Plan 2016 to 2018 (2017-09-29)\nThe status of wildlife species is assessed by an independent panel of expert Canadian scientists, the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). 149 terrestrial species were assessed as at-risk by COSEWIC between 2009 and 2016 and are eligible for listing under the Species at Risk Act (SARA) to be considered by the Governor-in-Council (GIC) on the recommendation of the Minister of the Environment: 86 species would be new additions, 54 currently listed species would be reclassified and 9 species would be updated to reflect changes in their recognized designatable units. A three-year listing plan has been developed to address all 149 terrestrial species and listing decisions for most species are anticipated by the end of 2018. Making amendments to Schedule 1 of SARA is a two-step process. The first step is for the GIC to propose an amendment through an order in council published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, for a 30-day public comment period. The second step is for the GIC to make a final decision on whether or not to make amendments to Schedule 1 of SARA, taking into consideration comments received during the 30-day public comment period. The amendments are made through an order in council published in the Canada Gazette, Part II. Both orders are accompanied by a Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement (RIAS) which presents the implications of listing the species or changing their status. Publishing this plan on the Species at Risk Public Registry is intended to provide transparency about the Government of Canada’s plan to make listing decisions under the Species at Risk Act. NOTE: The information presented below is intended to provide openness and transparency with respect to when terrestrial species might be considered for listing under Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act. It is intended to assist anyone who may wish to provide comments on such listing considerations. Given any number of factors can affect the timing of a listing decision; the Plan is subject to change. Accordingly, the Plan will be periodically updated.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line262922"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6079382300376892,"wiki_prob":0.6079382300376892,"text":"Benton L. Thompson Siege of Knoxville Letter\nThis Civil War letter was written by Benton L. Thompson of the Union Army, and contains general details of his journey to Knoxville, Tennessee by railway and by foot for the Siege of Knoxville.\nC. Perry Goodrich Letter\nC. Perry Goodrich of the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry wrote this letter from a camp near Kingston, Tennessee on December 12, 1863. In it, he discusses Longstreet's clash with Burnside in the Knoxville campaign and mentions rumors that are circulating, including one stating that Gen. Crook with the 2nd Div. Cav. has defeated the Rebel Gen. Wheeler.\nDates: 1863 December 12\nC. Perry Goodrich wrote this letter to his wife, Frances (Bowen) Goodrich, in Christiana, Wisconsin on March 13, 1864. In it, Goodrich describes the recent battle for Knoxville and mentions that both the Union and Confederate Armies are living on hardtack and coffee due to extreme lack of supplies.\nDates: 1864 March 13\nFrank Bean Collection\nThis collection consists of two diaries, an ambrotype, and a Grand Army of the Republic Veterans' medal relating to Sergeant Frank Bean. Bean, a Sergeant in the Union Army, served in and around Tennessee during the American Civil War.\nJohn W. Cleland Letter\nThis collection houses a letter that John Cleland wrote to his sister, Mary J. Jennie Cleland, in Defiance County, Ohio from Knoxville, Tennessee on December 14, 1863. In it, he discusses his regiment's participation in the Battle of Knoxville, including the losses they suffered.\nRobert A. Ragan Letters\nThis collection houses eight letters from Robert A. Ragan to his wife, Emeline (Neass) Ragan, during the Civil War. In them, Ragan discusses battles and skirmishes with the Rebels, describes the landscapes he has seen, relates his frustration with army life, mentions his fear of moving too far South, and comments on his unit's movements and actions. He also expresses his concern for his family and friends in Tennessee and asks Emeline to write to him and to pray for him in the struggle.\nDates: 1863 October 13-1864 April 11\nWatson B. Smith Letters\nThis collection houses two letters that Union soldier Watson B. Smith wrote to his mother, Mary Amanda (Birchard) Smith, on September 23, 1863 and October 1, 1863. In them, Smith discusses Union operations in the Knoxville Campaign, life in headquarters, and news from the Battle of Chattanooga.\nDates: 1863 September 23, 1863 October 1\nWatson B. Smith Papers\nAbstract This collection houses four letters that Watson B. Smith wrote to his family in Michigan from East Tennessee during August and September of 1863. In them, he discusses the Knoxville Campaign, battles with Confederate troops and guerillas, and dealings with the civilian population, which was mostly (but not entirely) sympathetic to the Union. He also discusses his duties in headquarters, including his temporary appointment as aide-de-camp. Several letters written to and from captured...\nDates: 1863 June 28-September 17, undated\nSubject: Correspondence. X\nSubject: Knoxville (Tenn.) -- History -- Siege, 1863. X\nSoldiers -- Michigan -- Correspondence. 2\nSoldiers -- Ohio -- Correspondence. 2\nSoldiers -- Wisconsin -- Correspondence. 2\nUnited States. Army. Corps, 23rd (1863-1865). 2\nUnited States. Army. Michigan Cavalry Regiment, 8th (1862-1865). 2\nUnited States. Army. Wisconsin Cavalry Regiment, 1st (1861-1865). 2\nChattanooga, Battle of, Chattanooga, Tenn., 1863. 1\nIllinois -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives. 1\nIllinois -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories. 1\nSoldiers -- Illinois -- Correspondence. 1\nSoldiers -- Tennessee -- Correspondence. 1\nUnited States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Religious aspects. 1\nUnited States. Army. Illinois Infantry Regiment, 107th (1862-1865). 1\nUnited States. Army. Ohio Infantry Regiment, 111th (1862-1865). 1","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line88032"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5169848799705505,"wiki_prob":0.48301512002944946,"text":"Seems AWS has some plan to encroach more Telco space.\nTwo pioneers of the software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) community have left CableLabs, the US cable sector's R&D body. Intriguingly, Tetsuya Nakamura has joined Amazon Web Services, where he's now working as part of the telecom-focused team, while Don Clarke says he's taking time off from the industry.\nSpecifically, Nakamura is currently a partner solutions architect for AWS, effective from March, according to his LinkedIn profile. Clarke's LinkedIn profile lists him as leaving CableLabs the same month, and \"enjoying a career break to recharge.\"\nNakamura led CableLabs' open source research efforts on NFV and SDN and led NTT DoCoMo's mobile network virtualization project from 2011 to 2014, as well as serving as NFV-ISG vice-chairman at ETSI and undertaking various roles at OPNFV and OpenDaylight.\nClarke was one of the original authors of the ETSI white paper that launched the NFV vision in 2012, when the Brit was still at BT.\nNews of their departure from CableLabs was first reported by Fierce Telecom on Monday.\nNFV is, of course, a natural fit for AWS. NFV started with a vision to run network functions on commodity hardware rather than purpose-built appliances, but, in a natural step, advocates now seek to run virtual network functions (VNFs) on cloud platforms -- private, hybrid, or public. And nobody's got a bigger public cloud than AWS.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line208633"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6190283894538879,"wiki_prob":0.38097161054611206,"text":"James F. Fedor\nOrdained:\nDiocese: Diocese of Scranton\nFrom Report I of the 40th Statewide Investigating Grand Jury for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania:\nFrom 1981 to 1986, Father James F. Fedor sought counseling on his own for issues/concerns relating to his desire to have contact with young girls. From 1986 to 1987, Fedor received psychological treatment/evaluation.\nOn July 7, 1991, Fedor was granted an indefinite leave of absence by Bishop James C. Timlin and he was laicized on May 3, 1994.\nOn November 1, 2012, the Diocese of Scranton received an anonymous letter from an adult female. She claimed that Fedor abused her in 1978 when she was 10-years-old. She stated that he engaged in grooming behavior which led to sexual abuse for a period of two years.\nOn November 15, 2012, a letter was sent to the Lackawanna County District Attorney’s Office about the allegation.\nAdditional information regarding the widespread sexual abuse of children within the Catholic Dioceses of Pennsylvania and the systemic cover up by senior church officials is compiled in the Pennsylvania Diocese Victim’s Report published by the Pennsylvania Attorney General following a two-year grand jury investigation. A complete copy of the Report is available on the Pennsylvania Attorney General’s website.\nRobert J. Brague\nJoseph T. Hammond","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1502004"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5085113644599915,"wiki_prob":0.5085113644599915,"text":"Stikine MLA reacts to budget\nStikine MLA Doug Donaldson reacts to the Liberals' new budget.\nFeb. 28, 2012 8:00 a.m.\nThe B.C. government is restricting spending increases and keeping its small business income tax alive to meet its balanced budget target before the 2013 election.\nFinance Minister Kevin Falcon presented his first budget Tuesday, with a deficit of $969 million for the fiscal year starting April 1, as B.C. pays to end the harmonized sales tax. His three-year plan predicts a $154 million surplus in 2013-14 and $250 million surplus the following year.\nTo do that, the budget aims to hold government spending growth down to two per cent for three years, with most of it going to health and education. That leaves most other ministries with little or no increase for inflation, a restriction that is expected to reduce overall B.C. government staff from about 27,000 this year to 25,000 by 2014-15.\nFalcon also reversed course on business taxes. The government has been promising for years that it would eliminate the small business income tax this spring, after lowering it to the current 2.5 per cent. Now it will continue at 2.5 per cent until B.C.’s financial picture improves.\nFalcon is also considering a one per cent increase in the general corporate tax rate to 11 per cent, but not for another year depending on financial conditions. That move positions the B.C. Liberals politically for an election against NDP leader Adrian Dix, who has called for a corporate tax increase.\nStikine MLA Doug Donaldson suggested that the finance minister did the best job he could but added that his ‘boss’, Christy Clark, has no solid vision for the future of the province.\nHe slammed cutbacks in the budget in the Ministry of Advanced Education, pointing to the Industry Trade Association in particular which has a $9 million cutback, he said.\n“When we’ve got a college like Northwest Community College that’s struggling financially, I was hoping to see more emphasis on the skills training that’s needed,” said Donaldson.\nHe said he’s not suggesting every ministry needs to see more funding but that with the prospect of further increased spending on resource extractions in the north a jobs plan is needed to give local people the skills to work.\n“If you don’t have that then a jobs plan is next to meaningless unless you’ve got the training component,” he said.\nHe also noted that nothing was mentioned about forestry in the budget, a fact he said he found shocking.\n– With files from Tom Fletcher\nBulkley RAMP talk brings critics, supporters\nSmithers council joins Enbridge opposition","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1256510"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7032819390296936,"wiki_prob":0.7032819390296936,"text":"Sunil Mittal Net Worth, Biography, Age, Height, Wife\nBusiness By Santosh March 13, 2015\nSunil Mittal is the founder and Chairman of the leading Indian telecommunication company called Bharti Enterprises, which is the largest GSM mobile phone service provider in the country and the fourth largest wireless company in the world. He is one of the most famous businessmen in India, who has made a global reputation for himself.\nNet Worth: $7.8 billion\nIncome Sources: Sunil Mittal is the CEO and Chairman of Bharti Enterprises, one of the largest telecom companies in the world, which boasts of nearly 275 million uses in Asia and Africa.\nBorn: 23rd October, 1957 (57 years old)\nMarital Status: Married to Nyna Mittal. The couple has three children, Shravin, Kavin and Eiesha.\nSunil Mittal was born in Ludhiana, Punjab and hails from a Punjabi Agarwal family of repute. His father Sat Paul Mittal was an influential politician belonging to Indian National Congress and a member of Rajya Sabha from Punjab. Sunil Mittal did his schooling from premier institutions like Wynberg Allen School, Mussoorie and Scindia School, Gwalior. He graduated from Arya College in Ludhiana, which was affiliated to Panjab University, Chandigarh. He started his first business venture at a young age of 18 years by borrowing funds from his father. It dealt in manufacture of bicycle crankshafts. As time went by, he realized that he could not make much progress in his current city, Ludhiana and decided to move to Mumbai to look fr greener pastures. Later, he started an import company called Bharti Overseas Trading Company, along with his brother. He started importing prtabel generators from Japan, but the business was halted suddenly due to change in government policies. In 1984, he ventured into manufacturing push button phones, with his company Bharti Telecom Limited establishing a tie up with the German telecom company called Siemens AG. His company later diversified into manufacture of fax machines, cordless phones and other telecom equipment. When the Indian government acquired the license for mobile phones in 1992, it came as a golden opportunity for Mittal and he started a company called Bharti Cellular limited, which offered mobile services in the country under the name of Airtel. The company progressed by leaps and bounds and soon went on to become the biggest mobile services provider in the country, which played a pivtal role in cutting down the STD and ISD rates in India. Mittal also negotiated with the leading US based retail chain Wal Mart to set up some retail outlets in the country. Besides being honored with several business awards including Top Entrepreneurs in the World 2000 and IT Man of the Year 2002, Sunil Mittal has also been honored with the prestigious Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian honor in the country.\nSunil Mittal currently resides in New Delhi with his family and lives a simple and down to earth lifestyle despite his phenomenal success. He is calm by nature and performs yoga every morning to keep himself physically fit and mentally alert. He is hard working, diligent and passionate about his work.\nRohit Shetty Net Worth, Biography, Age, Height, Wife","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line244834"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.730444610118866,"wiki_prob":0.26955538988113403,"text":"Support for Economic Development\nBingo Sheets\nStudent Advising & Resources\nCareers in Business\nProfessor For A Day\nStudent Case Competitions\nVolunteer Income Tax Assistance Program\nLawrence J. Haber, Ph.D.\nAssociate Professor Emeritus, 2007\nYear Began at IPFW: 1981\nDr. Haber received his Ph.D. in Economic Theory from University of North Carolina in 1975.\nDr. Haber's teaching interests includes theoretical and applied microeconomics, finance, and labor relations. Dr. Haber emphasizes the theoretical aspects of problem solving and critical thinking.\nDr. Haber's research is in the areas of theoretical and applied microeconomics and labor relations\nResearch Published In\nThe Journal of Collective Negotiations\nThe Journal of Individual and Employee Rights\nThe Labor Law Journal\nThe American Business Review\nThe Southern Economic Journal\nManagerial and Decision Economics\nThe Atlantic Economic Journal\nThe Journal of Economic Behavior\nOrganization and The Eastern Economic Journal\nHighlights of Community Service\nDr. Haber is a member of the Southern Economic Association, Midwest Business Administration Association and has presented at many meetings including the Midwest Business Administration Association (MBAA). Dr. Haber is also an associate editor for The Journal of Collective Negotiations.\nDr. Haber joined the Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne faculty in 1981 after serving one year at North Carolina State University, and 5 years at Rutgers University.\nDr. Haber has also been included in several editions of Who's Who Among America's Teachers after having been nominated by students at IPFW.\nDr. Haber is member of Omicron Delta Epsilon.\nDr. Haber retired in July 2008, after 27 years of service to Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line668783"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9047614932060242,"wiki_prob":0.9047614932060242,"text":"Violinist.com - Violin Blogs - Darcy Lewis - Blog Entry\nViolin News & Gossip, Op. 2, No. 28\n5/4/06 – The Salt Lake Tribune recently ran a story about the latest effort to understand what makes a Strad a Strad: \"Joseph Nagyvary, an emeritus professor of biochemistry and biophysics at Texas A&M University, said several things set a Strad apart, but none more so than the chemicals that hardened the wood and gave each instrument its fiery appearance.\" Nagyvary, an amateur luthier, comments: \"I have proven more or less that the refinement of sounds comes from a variety of chemical tricks that were not done by Stradivarius himself, but by the local drugstore that developed a manner of preserving against the wood worm.\" The reporter adds that Salt Lake City violin-maker Peter Prier \"attributes a Strad's qualities to exceptional craftsmanship and simple aging. 'After 250 years, the old materials are totally dry and open, and that is the difference. We have the same varnishes and the same technology or better,' but making new wood sound like an old Strad is 'almost impossible.' \"\n5/14/06 - Starting next year, thanks to a $100 million gift, tuition at the Yale University School of Music will be free. The New York Times ponders the consequences: \"Now as the school prepares for commencement on May 22 for the final graduating class to have paid the $23,750 annual tuition each year, many faculty members and students are wondering how the donation will affect Yale's reputation. Will subsidized tuition affect the type and quality of new students? Will the school claim a place alongside conservatories like the Juilliard School and the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia?\"\nMusician News\n5/12/06 - Cecylia Arzewski, concertmaster of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra who was profiled recently in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, performed the Berg Violin Concerto with the orchestra. The paper noted that Arzweski studied Berg's concerto with its dedicatee, Louis Krasner: \"Yet her approach was her own: exacting, lyrical and a bit circumspect. As a soloist, she didn't reach out to the audience but invited the listener into her private world, rich in memory, pathos and a rather cosmic understanding of the music.\"\n5/11/06 – Charles Meacham, concertmaster emeritus of the Marin Symphony, was honored by the College of Marin Music Department in \"A Special Tribute to Charles Meacham,\" reports the Marin Indpendent Journal. \"Meacham, who taught music at the college for nearly 20 years, was influential in the Marin music scene for half a century ... Through the college and in private lessons, Meacham taught hundreds of students, some of whom -- now professional musicians themselves – [flew] in from as far away as Florida, Ohio and Utah to join Bay Area musicians in performing at the tribute.\" The paper adds: \"In 1952, Meacham helped found the Marin Symphony, of which he remains Concertmaster Emeritus. He also founded the Marin Arts Quartet, the only Marin string quartet for nearly 30 of its 40-odd years in existence. When the College of Marin music building opened in 1967, Meacham taught classes there until he retired in 1984 ... Meacham will return for Sunday's performance and the announcement of a College of Marin music scholarship in his honor -- the Charles Meacham String Scholarship.\"\n5/11/06 - Andrey Boreyko concludes his short tenure as music director of the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra, reports the Winnipeg Sun. \"Soon after taking the reins from former maestro Bramwell Tovey in 2002, [Boreyko] discovered the WSO was in a ‘tragic’ budget bind that threatened its existence. He and the musicians made financial sacrifices, the WSO rallied and Boreyko later extended his contract for an extra year to see the orchestra through its current season. But he bemoans the lack of public support for classical music in Canada.\" Germain quotes Boreyko: \"If I could take this orchestra from Winnipeg to Europe and work with this orchestra for the rest of my life I would do it.\" Boreyko comments on his successor, Alexander Mickelthwate: \"When I came here I was already in a certain part of my career that didn't allow me to be here as much ... He can dedicate himself to this orchestra.\"\n5/11/06 – The Chicago Tribune published an update on Yo-Yo Ma’s Silk Road Project: \"Earlier this year, Ma received the $1 million Dan David Prize for preserving cultural heritage\" with his Silk Road Project, started in 1998. \"The award is administered by Tel Aviv University and endowed by a foundation started by Dan David, a Romanian by birth and former longtime chairman of an automatic photo booth firm based in England,\" notes the paper. \"The prize requires Ma to donate $100,000 for 20 scholarships for study at Tel Aviv and other universities around the world. Laura Freid, Silk Road Project's chief executive officer, says Ma is using the remaining $900,000 as a matching grant\" to support Silk Road Chicago, \"a year of cross-cultural programs and events here that is to begin June 1.\"\n5/11/06 - \"First-rate soloist” Chuan-Yun Li performed the Khachaturian Violin Concerto and Rimsky-Korsakov's Sheherazade with the China National Symphony Orchestra at Avery Fisher Hall, reports the New York Times. The orchestra \"has strong players throughout its ranks. They and their energetic conductor, Xincao Li, are still grappling with Western style, at times convincing in their phrasing and expression, at others creating reasonable imitations that can sound stiff and learned.\"\n5/14/06 – The Berlin Philharmonic, fearing the loss of future audiences, has constructed an elaborate education program, reports the New York Times. These are “something still relatively rare on the Continent. Many orchestras in Britain and the United States have been making similar efforts to draw in youngsters and educate the public, but in catching up, the Berliners have created one of Europe's most ambitious programs.\"\n5/13/06 – According to the Las Vegas Sun, even though the Las Vegas Philharmonic is only eight years old, it is growing, seems to have found an audience, and has a $1.5 million budget. So it's time to pick a new music director. The candidates are: David Commanday of the Peoria Symphony Orchestra, David Itkin of the Arkansas Symphony Orchestra and Peter Rubardt of the Pensacola Symphony Orchestra. As part of the selection process, they will serve as guest conductors during the 2006-07 season.\nFrom Sydney Menees\nPosted on May 19, 2006 at 10:26 AM\nI think that Boreyko guy was the conductor for the Deutsch \"Youth\" orchestra when they performed with Janine Jansen!\nFrom Maura Gerety\nIs Nagyvary ever going to give it up? That \"amateur luthier\" sounds more ridiculous every day.\nFrom Jim W. Miller\nNow, is the Times reporting that accurately? Are many faculty members and students really pondering that? How many and how much total pondering are we talking about?\nGrats, Cecylia! Wish I coulda been there.\nFrom Ron Gorthuis\nI'm the type that always considers the proof in the pudding. Nagyvary theorises well, but were is the pudding? If his are so great, why do I not see great players playing them? If violins are so easy to make, why are millions of old instruments not equal to a Strad, or Gaurneri, or etc. After all, literally thousands of older german or hungarian violins are aged dry equally, with equal varnish, woods, etc, yet have no sound. Could there be possibly a skill factor, only few (eg Stradiavri) discovered and could apply? stands to reason, after hundreds of years.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1362516"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6276624202728271,"wiki_prob":0.6276624202728271,"text":"Apprenticeships Helping People Find Careers\nNov. 24, 2012 / By Patrick Moreno\nApprenticeships are important to Long Beach because they are a way for men and women who haven’t received a university education to earn a living-wage, even when more than half of recent college grads nationwide are unemployed, or “underemployed.”\nLong Beach’s unemployment rate is currently 11.2 percent, and hasn’t been below 10 percent since 2008. But jobs in construction are actually on the rise, more than five percent this year alone.\nApprenticeships are a powerful and often overlooked way for people to make a great living. Even in this economy, a job in the trades can earn more than $30 per hour, and provide a family with full benefits. Over 50 apprenticeship programs are available in Long Beach alone.\nMost programs only require a high school education to enroll, and many men and women with felony convictions have also found steady work in the trades from laborers, to electricians and pipe-fitters.\n“If I wasn’t doing this, I’d probably have my old job, but I’d still be acting wild and running the streets trying to make ends meet,” said Thomas Ramirez, who is currently apprenticing at the Port of Long Beach for the Manson construction company through the Local No. 507 Laborers’ Union.\nRamirez is a 33-year old warehouse worker from Wilmington, who decided to put an unsavory past behind him when he joined the apprenticeship program for the Laborers’ Union in July. He has since gone as far as offering others who feel trapped in low-wage jobs rides to the union hall so they can sign up.\n“There’s no discrimination out here,” he said. “If you’re ready to do your homework and take care of business, an apprenticeship can be a great opportunity.” Ramirez, who has been on the job for 5 months, has already earned two pay-raises.\nUnions, and other organizations often offer free training and assistance to apprenticeship programs throughout the state. A list of those trades is available here.\nA panel of union representatives, and an educator talked about apprenticeships at the Back to Work 2012 summit last weekend, hosted by Council Member Steven Neal and the Pacific Gateway Workforce Development Program.\nJosh La Farga who spoke on behalf of the Laborers’ Union Local No. 507 said that apprenticeships don’t get you into a job, they provide you the opportunity to have a career in an industry that is not going away.\nVivian Price, an electrical line-woman, lifetime trade-worker and professor of labor studies at Dominguez HIlls State University was one of the members of the panel. She said that when she first went to apply to become an electrician, the clerk asked her who she weas applying for, insinuating that she certainly could not be applying for herself.\n“The first thing you have to do is go buy yourself a pair of boots, and the jobs are certainly tough,” Price said about the male-dominated trade-industry, “But there are plenty of women working in trades in the Long Beach area right now.”\nWINTER or Women In Non Traditional Employment Roles, is a group aimed at promoting a woman’s right to earn a living at a trade. Their Rosie the Riveter program is based in Long Beach and helps high school dropouts get into the trades through apprenticeship programs, as well as helping young men and women achieve goals of upward mobility by going to college.\nThe atmosphere of tolerance and diversity among trade-union-members was a resounding note of all of the speakers on the panel. Tommy Faavae the director of the IBEW Electrical Workers Union Local No. 11 here in Long Beach said, “ I represent a group of men and women as diverse as the population of Long Beach.”\nFaavae graduated from an apprenticeship program almost 30 years ago, and today is an organizer for the union. He invites all men and women to try their hand at electrical work.\n“It’s not easy, but union work is organized, and the check will always be there,” he said. As for public opinion that unions try to keep jobs hidden to ration them out to only their members, Faavae said that the IBEW goes to career fairs and anywhere that will have them to tell people about programs just like the one that got him his lifetime career as an electrician.\n“Some people will be negative, but I invite them to come out and sign up,” he said.\nIn short- Today’s job market has proven that skills are still the most important part of being gainfully employed and traditional education does not always guarantee you a good job. Apprenticeships can help Central and West Long Beach because they help people learn marketable skills with only a high school diploma or GED.\nTags: Education, Long Beach, Unemployment, Youth\nPatrick Moreno\nPatrick Moreno is a graduate of the CSULB department of journalism. He wrote for the Daily 49er and spent more than a year with VoiceWaves reporting on the diverse communities of Long Beach. Originally from Ventura California, Moreno studied photography for 5 years before transferring to CSULB to work on his writing. At the heart of his work is Moreno's love for culture and the arts, but it is through factual and fair reporting that he hopes to transform his community into a place where people can express themselves and continue to thrive. Patrick is also a musician, artist and photographer, beach bum, and capoerista!","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1067932"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8850477337837219,"wiki_prob":0.8850477337837219,"text":"Pro Charts\nTrending Topics ►\nExecutive Turntable\nCatalog Sales\nMorat Renews Recording Contract With Universal Music Spain\nThe Ledger: Earnings Season Starts Next Week — What to Wat ...\nMurda Beatz and Bryson Tiller Sell Catalogs to Kilometre Mus ...\nFormer Members of Heart Suing Rock and Roll Hall of Fame\nTwo former members of Heart are suing the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for using their likenesses in promoting the 2013 induction ceremony even though they were not inducted.\nBy Colin Stutz\nColin Stutz\nMore Stories by Colin\nYe Planning Russia Trip to Meet Putin and Perform Sunday Service, Says Advisor\nDead & Company Offering Refunds for Mexico Shows Amid Rising COVID-19 Cases\nTravis Scott Attorney Calls for an End to ‘Finger-Pointing’ in Astroworld Deaths\nHeart Struts Rock New and Vintage in Bethlehem, Pa.\nBassist Mark Andes and drummer Dennis Carmassi and were members of Heart from 1982-1993, during which the band staged a comeback with all four of its Grammy nominations and ten of its 20 Top 40 hits including “These Dreams”, “Alone”, “All I Wanna Do is Make Love to You” and many several others. But when Heart was inducted into the Hall of Fame, it included only the bands’ original lineup from the 1960s and ‘70s and Andes and Carmassi were not included.\nHeart’s Ann and Nancy Wilson Reflect on Rock Hall Induction\nNow Andes and Carmassi are suing the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame because their likenesses and the songs they performed were used to promote Heart’s induction. The duo’s complaint states that when fans and fellow musicians offered them congratulations for their success, they were “humiliated” to explain “that they were inexplicably not chosen for induction.”\nThe complaint states: “Plaintiffs are not asking that defendant Rock Hall induct them into the Hall of Fame. Instead, this is an action to protect the rights, reputations, and likenesses of Mark Andes and Dennis Carmassi through the causes of actions false light invasion of privacy, misappropriation of name and likeness invasion of privacy, injurious falsehood, libel, slander, and right of attribution falsification of rock and roll history for Defendants’ wilful and unauthorized use of Plaintiffs’ images and likenesses.”\nAccording to the complaint, following the Dec. 11, 2012, announcement Heart would be inducted into the Hall of Fame but that Andes and Carmassi were not, they wrote a letter to the institution asking for an explanation and defending their role in the band’s success. It states Hall of Fame CEO Joel Peresman responded the next day stating, “We have a group of people who are very focused on these things and collaborate on the various areas of their expertise. As we do every year we went very carefully over all of the history and the members of Heart that were are [sic] being inducted besides Ann and Nancy [Wilson] were the ones everyone felt should be inducted. I am sorry if these others feel this isn’t right but this is the final decision of our committee.”\nKiss Says It Won’t Play at Rock Hall Induction\nFrom there, images including Andes and Carmassi’s were used on the Rock Hall’s biography page for the band including the band’s 1985 self-titled album’s cover art. Founders and main members Ann and Nancy Wilson asked the Hall to reconsider its decision to exclude Andes and Carmassi given that they “were in the band when it garnered several Grammy nominations and their biggest commercial success”. But the Hall refused to change its decision. The complaint sites a Billboard article and video in its exhibits, as proof of Ann and Nancy Wilson’s desire that Andes and Carmassi should have been admitted.\nSpeaking at the 2013 Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Red Carpet, Ann Wilson said of Andes and Carmassi, “They should be here. They really should be here.”\nAndes and Carmassi are seeking compensatory damages for all losses, treble damages on all trademark claims, punitive damages and exemplary damages.\nThe complaint states: “Although induction to the Rock Hall is normally a positive thing, to be knowingly and/or recklessly placed in such a position by Defendants is highly offensive to a reasonable person when being placed in that position requires having to continually correct the record on an issue of such personal importance.”\nThe Rock Hall has not yet responded publicly to the lawsuit’s charges.\nThe matter of which band members are inducted into the Hall of Fame has been a continues source of controversy for the organization. Recently, Kiss refused to perform at its award ceremony because only its original members were being honored.\nDaily newsletters straight to your inbox\nMore From Pro\nGriselda Flores\nThe Ledger: Earnings Season Starts Next Week — What to Watch For\nGlenn Peoples\nMurda Beatz and Bryson Tiller Sell Catalogs to Kilometre Music Group\nExecutive of the Week: UTA Music Agent Jbeau Lewis\nDan Rys\nHow Genres Are Running Music’s Growth\nEd Christman","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1174530"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9571530222892761,"wiki_prob":0.9571530222892761,"text":"Racing CV\nPrevious drivers\nWhy choose DAMS?\nAbout Formula 2\nDAMS Event by OP TO YOU\nNissan e.dams\nDAMS signs Red Bull and Honda Junior Ayumu Iwasa for 2022 F2 season\nRed Bull Junior and Honda Formula Dream Project driver Ayumu Iwasa has joined DAMS for the 2022 FIA Formula 2 Championship. The 20-year-old makes the step up to Formula 1’s main feeder series after successfully running with the team at the post-season test in Abu Dhabi.\nCompleting his inaugural season in single-seater racing in Japan in 2019, Iwasa dominated the French Formula 4 Championship the following year and quickly stepped up to the Formula 3 Asian Championship in early 2021. Racing alongside 2022 team-mate Roy Nissany, Iwasa took the series’ Rookie Cup.\nGraduating to FIA Formula 3 last season, the Japanese driver enjoyed a strong maiden campaign which included victory at the Hungaroring.\nIwasa joins the likes of Carlos Sainz and Pierre Gasly as Red Bull Junior Team drivers to race for DAMS in the teams’s 30-year history. Sainz won the Formula Renault 3.5 title in 2014 before arriving in F1, while Gasly’s first full GP2 Series season was with the French outfit. Alongside Alexander Albon and Nicholas Latifi, four DAMS graduates take their places on the 2022 F1 grid.\nF2 will revert to a two-race format for 2022, with one Sprint and Feature Race at each round. Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, Red Bull Ring, Hungaroring and Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps will all be making a return for the coming season, as Zandvoort and Imola become the newest additions to the calendar, which increases to 14 rounds.\nPre-Season Testing gets underway at the Bahrain International Circuit on 2-4 March, before the start of the 2022 F2 campaign at the same venue on 18-20 March.\nAyumu Iwasa: “I’m very excited to take on my first year of F2 with DAMS. We worked together at the test in December and I learnt a lot about the car and the team. We collected plenty of data, which will be useful ahead of the pre-season test. I’ll be taking on some new tracks this year, which will be a challenge but I’m looking forward to developing my skills throughout the season. I used to live in Le Mans when I was racing in French F4 so it’s great to be competing in F2 with a team based in the area. I can’t wait to arrive in Bahrain and get back on track with DAMS for testing on 2-4 March.”\nDr. Helmut Marko, Red Bull Motorsports Advisor: “We are very happy to work with DAMS again. Ayumu is a young and promising Japanese driver who we hope will be able to make his way to F1. He showed his talent in F3 last year, so we are confident he can have a successful F2 season. We’re excited to see Ayumu’s development in 2022 and looking forward to positive results on the track.”\nGregory and Olivier Driot, Co-Team Owners: “We are extremely happy to welcome Ayumu to the team. Ayumu started his single-seater career in Europe very successfully by winning the Formula 4 French Championship which is an impressive feat. He also had a strong first season in F3, managing to take victory in Hungary in front of some very experienced competitors last July. This year is going to be a whole new challenge for him in F2 but Ayumu showed during the Abu Dhabi test that he has the potential to perform at this level. For DAMS it’s also very exciting to work with Red Bull, who we have some great success with in the past, and we are proud to be starting a new partnership with Honda.”\nImage: Dutch Photo Agency\nZA de Bel Air\nRue Claude Chappe\n72230 Ruaudin, France\nCopyright © 2020 DAMS\nContent and design by Pole Ltd.\nPhotos supplied by Dutch Photo Agency, Spacesuit Media, Motorsport Images and DPPI.\nSign up to the DAMS mailing list\nSelect your language(s): English French","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1616402"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7430489659309387,"wiki_prob":0.2569510340690613,"text":"Prof. Dr. Alexander V. Kabanov , The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\nNanomedicine and Drug Delivery\n08.06.2015 (Monday) , 14:50 - 16:20\nTU Dresden, Hempelbau, Room HEM 219 , Mommsenstraße 4 , 01069 Dresden\nOn Monday, the 6th of June, the first lecture of a new ABM Module is going to take place. Master and PhD students will have the possibility to gain 3 points upon successful attendance, but the lectures will be open for everybody who's interested. Future time slots still need to be specified, but in general students will need about 12-15 DS in total.\nThe module will give an overview of recent developments in drug delivery and nanomedicine using\npolymer systems. The topics covered will include biocompatibe polymers, polymer conjugates, nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric micelles, and nanogels. Their interactions, with cells and body systems will be discussed along with applications in treatment of cancer and nurogenerative/neurodevelopmental diseases.\nProf. Sasha Kabanov is currently guest at the TU Dresden as a Dresden Fellow. He is the Director of the Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery at UNC Chapel Hill and holds the Mescal S. Ferguson Distinguished Professor at UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy. Furthermore, he is Professor of Chemistry at Lomonosov State University Moscow, Russia. He is a elected member of the Academia Europaea and Fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering. He is a board member of numerous international journals and author of more than 250 articles in drug-delivery and nanomedicine. In 2014 he is named as a highly cited author by Thomson-Reuters. Prof. Kabanov is one of the most influential researchers in pharmaceutical sciences and especially nanomedicine.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1497133"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9349955320358276,"wiki_prob":0.9349955320358276,"text":"20 questions: What's behind Ukraine's political crisis?\nBy Saeed Ahmed. Greg Botelho and Marie-Louise Gumuchian, CNN\nUpdated 2126 GMT (0526 HKT) February 20, 2014\nPhotos: Ukraine's 2014 revolution\nUkrainian demonstrators gather in Kiev's Maidan, or Independence Square, on February 21, 2014, a day after the bloodiest day of revolution protests. Nearly 50 activists were killed and hundreds more injured in clashes in the square on February 20, 2014. The street protests soon led to the ouster of pro-Russian President Viktor Yanukovych and triggered a chain of events that included Russia's annexation of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula and fighting in Eastern Ukraine with pro-Russian separatist forces.\nA protester aims a gun in the direction of suspected sniper fire in Kiev on Thursday, February 20. Thousands of demonstrators had packed Independence Square since November when President Viktor Yanukovych reversed a decision on a trade deal with the European Union and instead turned toward Russia.\nPolice use water cannons against protesters in Kiev on February 20.\nAn injured protester is carried away from Independence Square on a stretcher February 20.\nCaptured police officers are led away by protesters in Kiev on February 20.\nA woman on February 20 mourns over protesters who were killed during clashes.\nProtesters rebuild barricades in Independence Square on February 20.\nRiot police face protesters in Kiev on February 20.\nProtesters man a barricade on the outskirts of Independence Square on February 20.\nAn injured protester is evacuated from Independence Square on February 20.\nA priest walks with a cross and shield during clashes in central Kiev on February 20.\nMedics embrace in the lobby of the Hotel Ukraine on Fe","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1564935"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9255251288414001,"wiki_prob":0.9255251288414001,"text":"Alleged political manoeuvring in Parliament\nPhoto: Hilaire Bule\nThe Parliamentary opposition alleged the conspiracy has been involved in the decision by the speaker of Parliament not to accept its motion of no confidence against the Salwai led government, another attempt being made last week when the Parliament was ready to hold its last sitting for this year.\nThe opposition led by Port Vila UMP MP Ismael Kalsakau has formulated the conspiracy as one of the reasons outlined in the constitutional case it filled on Friday last week against the speaker of Parliament, Esmon Saemon.\nSources said the office of the leader of the opposition has been advised and notified that the speaker of Parliament has had discussion behind closed doors with some MPs from the government’s side before making his ruling on the motion of no confidence that was deposited in his office, one day before the filling of the constitutional case in Court.\nThe opposition claims that the decision to reject the motion of no confidence was not made independently by the speaker of Parliament “but by some individual MPs who have no specific functions in the office of the speaker,” sources said.\nOn Friday, the speaker of Parliament ruled that the motion of no confidence was not in order. He justified his decision saying the motion had an insufficient number of MPs for Parliament to debate it. The speaker said he had received advice from the State Law Office before he made his ruling.\nA new political party launched on Unity Day\nSupreme Court was told the compensation of Port Vila Land was political","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1742452"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7041990160942078,"wiki_prob":0.29580098390579224,"text":"What to do When Visiting Allentown, PA\nAllentown is well-known for a number of things to include the Lehigh Valley IronPigs minor league baseball team, a nationally recognized park system, and a rich history around the Pennsylvania Dutch. When you visit Allentown, PA, consider seeing some of the attractions listed here.\nWhere is Allentown and What is the Lehigh Valley?\nLocated fifty miles to the northwest of Philadelphia and ninety miles west of NYC, Allentown is a popular business and tourist destination. Served by the Lehigh Valley International Airport, which is 3 miles to the northeast of the city, it has direct air service to Detriot, Chicago, Atlanta, Philadephia, Charlotte, and a few Florida cities.\nAllentown is one of three cities located in the Lehigh Valley, which is named after the Lehigh River that flow through the region. Bethlehem and Easton are the two other cities within the Valley. Allentown is the most populous of the three cities and also the third largest in the state. Consider part of the Pennsylvania-New Jersey metropolitan area, the region has seen rapid growth. For tourists, there are many things to do and see for children and adults alike.\nAllentown's Most Popular Attractions\nAllentown, like most of the Lehigh Valley, was formerly a robust manufacturing town. However, it has evolved from its industrial legacy into a rich cultural destination. Further, the economy has equally transformed from manufacturing to service-based. Here are a number of attractions tourist should put on their to-do list.\nAllentown Fair\nTraditionally opening in late summer each year, the Fair is an educational and amusing experience for every age. The Fair dates back to 1852 when it was first held and continues to showcase agricultural these from which it originated from. The Fair provides entertain and amusement rides to thrill all ages.\nAllentown Art Museum\nThe Museum provides unsurpassed quality and variety in its educational programs, exhibits, and public events. The Museum hosts over 100,000 visitors throughout the year. It is home to over 18,000 works and provides visitors the opportunity to enjoy almost two millennia of culture.\nAllentown Parks\nAllentown offers a nationally recognized park system, which includes the famous West Park. This marvelous park provides trails, flora, fauna, and an amphitheater where you can enjoy different musical acts during the Park's Summer Concert Series.\nLehigh Valley IronPigs Baseball\nAllentown is the proud home of the Lehigh Valley IronPigs, which is the area's popular Triple-A affiliate minor league baseball team of the Philadephia Phillies. The team was first founded in the early 1990s, and it was named after the city's rich history in the steel industry. The name specifically comes from a type of iron, pig iron, which is used in the production of steel. The team plays in the equally famous Coca-Cola Park stadium.\nAllentown Fairgrounds Farmers Market\n​A fun place to purchase handcrafted items and local produce, the Farmer's Market is located on the Allentown Fairgrounds. The market showcases wares from over 70 vendors. You can find produce, meats, seafood, baked goods, and fresh flowers.\n​For more information on what to do and see in Allentown, please click here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line750452"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5497098565101624,"wiki_prob":0.5497098565101624,"text":"On this day… June 8, 1905 CE (June 21, 1905)\n1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | January 16, 2022 CE (January 29, 2022)\nJanuary | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December | January 2022 CE\n-1 +1 | 2022 CE","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1173976"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7714246511459351,"wiki_prob":0.7714246511459351,"text":"Fed Vice Chair Clarida Abandons Ship Two Weeks Early\nMonday, Jan 10, 2022 - 04:13 PM\nLess than a week after the outgoing Fed vice-chair was publicly exposed for some suspicious trades surrounding the March 2020 market rout (and recovery), Richard Clarida has pulled the rip-cord on his golden parachute and left The Eccles Building.\nThe central bank announced on Monday that Clarida, whose four-year term was set to expire at the end of the month, would be departing his position on Friday.\nThe Fed issued the following statement:\nRichard H. Clarida announced on Monday his intention to resign from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on January 14, 2022. He has been a member of the Board and Vice Chair since September 17, 2018.\n\"Rich's contributions to our monetary policy deliberations, and his leadership of the Fed's first-ever public review of our monetary policy framework, will leave a lasting impact in the field of central banking,\" said Chair Jerome H. Powell. \"I will miss his wise counsel and vital insights.\"\nDuring Dr. Clarida's time on the Board, he served as chair of the Board's Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, which oversees the work of the divisions of Monetary Affairs, Research and Statistics, and International Finance. He also served as chair of the Federal Open Market Committee's communication subcommittee. In that role, he led the 2019 review of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy strategy, tools, and communication practices, and he oversaw the creation of the Fed Listens initiative. Dr. Clarida has also represented the Board internationally, including at the Bank for International Settlements, the Group of 20, the Group of Seven, the International Monetary Fund, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.\nPrior to his appointment to the Board, Dr. Clarida served as the C. Lowell Harriss Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Columbia University, where he taught from 1988 to 2018. From 1997 until 2001, Clarida served as chairman of the Department of Economics at Columbia University. In addition to his academic experience, Dr. Clarida served as Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Treasury for Economic Policy from February 2002 to May 2003, where he was awarded the Treasury Medal in recognition of his service. He also served on the Council of Economic Advisers under President Reagan.\nDr. Clarida received a B.S. in economics from the University of Illinois with Bronze Tablet honors and a M.A. and Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University.\nDr. Clarida is married with two children.\nClarida's full resignation letter below, proudly proclaiming his ability to stave off a depression:\n\"Since then, the Covid pandemic has taken a tragic human toll measured in lives lost and suffering inflicted, and in 2020 triggered a catastrophic collapse in economic activity and a surge in unemployment. I am proud to have served with my Federal Reserve colleagues as we, in a matter of weeks, put in place historic policy measures that, in conjunction with fiscal policy, steered the economy away from depression and that have supported a robust recovery in economic activity and employment since. There is still road left to walk and damage to be repaired. But the American people and US economy have lime and again—both in this crisis and those that have come before it— demonstrated remarkable resilience, tenacity, and ingenuity, and I am confident that once the process of reopening is complete, a welcome return to maximum employment and price stability awaits.\"\nTranslated: \"you're welcome America!\"\nHis departure marks the third major resignation of a senior Fed official in recent months over trading activity. For now, Powell has survived, but his renomination hearing this week should be fun.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line739446"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6994874477386475,"wiki_prob":0.30051255226135254,"text":"Stop the nationwide cull of Badgers\n0 have signed. Let’s get to 500,000!\nAt 500,000 signatures, this petition becomes one of the top signed on Change.org!\nlee jenkins started this petition to Boris Johnson (Conservative Party Leader) and\nThe government has expanded its badger culling program and offer farmers up to £50 bounty for each animal killed. The killing of these animals is wrong and has a disastrous impact on the ecosystem. That is why it must be stopped.\nI’m an ecologist, a zoo keeper and a teacher of agriculture and environmental science - I know how important badgers are to our environment. They disperse seeds which help plants grow, and they build tunnels which end up being used by foxes, rabbits, otters and other animals.\nOver 50,000 badgers were culled by farmers in the last 2 years and if we keep on going this way it will have a serious impact on our environment. In the past, wolves, lynxes and wild boars were hunted to extinction and are now having to be reintroduced - why are we repeating the same mistakes again with the badger?\nThe government says this is part of a program to stop the spread of bovine TB, but previous trials of culling badgers have not successfully stopped the disease. Vaccinations would be a far more ethical way of stopping TB, along with increased hygiene measures in farms.\nBadgers are an iconic symbol of the British countryside, and killing them will leave a huge hole in the ecosystem and do long term damage to our environment.\nPlease sign now to stop the cull happening.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1644222"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6501411199569702,"wiki_prob":0.6501411199569702,"text":"Match Report: West Indies Go Down By One Run...\nWIPA Expresses Condolences at Passing of Gordon Brooks\n30th June 2021 Comments Off on Fully Vaccinated Fans To Return In Antigua For WI Women’s Series Vs Pakistan Views: 384 News\nFully Vaccinated Fans To Return In Antigua For WI Women’s Series Vs Pakistan\nFully vaccinated fans to return in Antigua for West Indies Women vs Pakistan Women Series\nST JOHN’S, Antigua – Fully vaccinated cricket fans in Antigua and Barbuda will get the chance to see the upcoming CG Insurance T20 International (T20I) and One Day International (ODI) Series between West Indies Women and Pakistan Women. This will be the first chance for Antiguans to see any West Indies side since 2019,with the opportunity to watch double header fixtures featuring both the historic first ever Women’s ‘A’ Team T20 fixtures and the senior Women’s team.\nThe Government of Antigua & Barbuda has granted permission to have fully vaccinated fans at all matches following co-ordination between the Ministry of Health, the Antigua & Barbuda Cricket Association (ABCA) and Cricket West Indies (CWI). Fully vaccinated fans are those persons who have received their second vaccination dose at least two weeks prior to the match date that they are wanting to attend.\nThe series starts on Wednesday at the Sir Vivian Richards Cricket Ground when the West Indies Women “A” Team play the Pakistan Women “A” Team in the first of three CG Insurance T20s double headers with the first match starting at 09h00 local time (08h00 Jamaica time). This will be followed at 14h00 (13h00 Jamaica time) by the West Indies Women vs Pakistan Women.\nThe second and third double header fixtures are on Friday 2nd and Sunday 4th July at the Coolidge Cricket Ground and Sir Vivian Richards Cricket Ground respectively, followed by the CG Insurance ODI Series played across both venues.\nTickets are just EC$10 for these double header fixtures. Fans who purchase tickets will need to present their vaccination documentation and national ID to Ministry of Health representatives to validate their vaccination status and permit entry to the ground. Fans under the age of 18 years will not be allowed to purchase tickets or enter the venues.\nJohnny Grave, CEO of CWI said:\n“We are happy to see the return of international women’s cricket to the West Indies and it’s great to see our West Indies Women’s players back in action as they face Pakistan Women. It is also wonderful that the fans will be able to attend all the matches and offer their support to the players.”\n“We give special thanks to the Government of Antigua & Barbuda who continue to work closely with CWI to ensure that we can host matches safely and for the first time since the start of the Pandemic see fans in the two stadiums.”\nFans will need to wear facemasks to gain entry to the venue and wearing masks throughout the match, remaining socially distanced at all times. Fans will also be able to bring in coolers, although glass bottles for soft or alcoholic drinks are not allowed. Vendors will be present in the stadia.\nFans in the Caribbean can watch live on Flow Sports or via the Flow Sports app. Live radio commentary is available on the Windies Cricket YouTube channel. Fans can also follow live ball-by-ball scoring in the www.windiescricket.com live match centre.\nSee HERE for full CG Insurance Series schedule","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line447057"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7661386132240295,"wiki_prob":0.7661386132240295,"text":"‘Treat Extremism Like It Is a Virus’\nA conversation with Cynthia Miller-Idriss on inoculating students—and everyone—against hate and disinformation\nEmily Schuster\nIssue: Summer 2021\nIn a time of political polarization, a societal reckoning with systemic racism, and isolation and anxiety brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, far-right extremists in the United States and throughout the West are seeking to exploit these crises to radicalize people to extremist viewpoints, particularly through online channels. College students and youth are especially vulnerable—but educators can play a key role in building students’ resilience to extremist propaganda and disinformation.\nAn expert on extremism, far-right movements, and youth radicalization, Cynthia Miller-Idriss is the director of research at American University’s Center for University Excellence, where she runs the Polarization and Extremism Research and Innovation Lab (PERIL). PERIL addresses issues of youth polarization and extremist radicalization through scalable research, intervention, and public education. Miller-Idriss is also a professor in the university’s School of Public Affairs and School of Education and the author of Hate in the Homeland: The New Global Far Right. She spoke with Liberal Education about national and global trends in extremism, how extremists target college students and campuses, and what educators can do to resist and respond to extremist threats.\nWhat are some of the extremist threats that PERIL works against?\nPERIL works against extremism across the ideological spectrum. Far-right extremism is currently the fastest-growing and most lethal form of extremism in the United States and throughout the West overall—that is, in North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Western Europe. In 2019, far-right terror represented 46 percent of terror attacks in the West, causing 82 percent of terror-related deaths, according to the Institute for Economics and Peace’s 2020 Global Terrorism Index (GTI). In the United States, between 1994 and 2020, right-wing terrorists were responsible for the majority (57 percent) of all attacks and plots, with left-wing terrorists perpetrating 25 percent and religious terrorists 15 percent, according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Since 1994, right-wing terrorists have caused 335 deaths in the United States, while left-wing terrorists have caused 22 deaths, and religious terrorists have caused 3,086 deaths (2,977 on September 11, 2001, and 109 in other attacks).\nWhile we should be concerned about all forms of terrorism and efforts to recruit youth into extremist movements, the far right is a particular concern for college campuses right now because of repeated efforts to attack science, elites, and higher education more broadly. For example, the extreme right promotes a conspiracy theory that says higher education is part of a “cultural Marxist” plot in which faculty are trying to inculcate impressionable youth to further Marxist revolutions.\nI use the terms “far right” and “far left” because they’re the best bad terms we have available, but I think they’re terrible terms. Some of the characteristic features of far-right extremism—like antisemitism or antigovernment extremism—also exist across the political spectrum. The massive rise in hate incidents have caused 22 deaths, and religious terrorists have caused 3,086 deaths (2,977 on September 11, 2001, and 109 in other attacks).\nI use the terms “far right” and “far left” because they’re the best bad terms we have available, but I think they’re terrible terms. Some of the characteristic features of far-right extremism—like antisemitism or antigovernment extremism—also exist across the political spectrum. The massive rise in hate incidents against the Asian American and Pacific Islander community during the COVID-19 pandemic is a good example. Those hate attacks are not limited to white supremacists or to the far right but are perpetrated by a much wider range of individuals.\nWhen you look at what the United States is now calling “domestic violent extremism,” you see four sometimes overlapping categories of threats. The first is supremacism, which creates false hierarchies of inferiority and superiority that dehumanize the “other.” The propaganda from supremacists says the people in the other group pose an existential threat, and you have to eliminate them to secure the safety of your family, your people, or your future. The largest and most historical form in this country is white supremacy, but male supremacy has also been on the rise, where you see extreme hatred and mass violence against women. We saw it in the Atlanta spa shootings in March, and we see it in incel (involuntary celibate) violence, like the deadly attacks at a sorority house in Isla Vista, California, in 2014 and a yoga studio in Tallahassee, Florida, in 2018 by men who blame women and society for their lack of romantic relationships. There’s also Western supremacy, which is usually anti-immigrant but sometimes anti-Muslim, and Christian supremacy.\nThe second category is anti-democratic and antigovernment. This includes proauthoritarian attacks on freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, or the protection of minority rights. Antigovernment extremism in the United States exists predominantly on the far right, but we see these movements across ideologies globally, including secessionist and anarchist movements.\nIn the third category are conspiracies and fantasies about restoration—myths that an apocalyptic storm or end time is coming. Depending on the group, what comes afterward might be a rebirth into a white civilization, ethno-state, post-capitalist society, or post-tyrannical government. It’s this idea of a utopian future paired with nostalgia for an imagined past, with a nation in its glory, made up of idealized communities of nuclear families headed by male breadwinners.\nThe fourth category is accelerationism, which cuts across all ideologies and says that things have gotten so bad that we need to bring down all social, political, and economic systems; collapse the government; and start something new. Accelerationism valorizes the use of violence not just as a means to an end but as a preferred path to faster chaos, disintegration, and rebirth. You hear about martyrs making sacrifices to accelerate something that is inevitable because there’s no more reform possible. We saw that in play during the attack on the US Capitol on January 6, 2021.\nOnly about 15 percent of people arrested for the attack on the US Capitol on January 6, 2021, were members of extremist groups. Image credit: Lev Radin/Shutterstock\nSome people think only students who might be vulnerable to white supremacist extremism are at risk, but we need to understand that college students may be vulnerable to all these different kinds of extremism. While we need to acknowledge that white supremacy has historically posed the greatest extremist threat in this country, we must simultaneously address extremism and propaganda more broadly. If you see extremism, violence, disinformation, and propaganda—regardless of ideology—as threats to democracy in general and to the thriving, multi-cultural democracy that we could and should have, then you can start to approach extremism as something that everybody has to tackle together.\nWhat are some of PERIL’s current projects?\nRight now, our biggest set of projects is against antivaccine disinformation, and not just in the United States. We’re planning a Spanish-language codebook of antivaccine propaganda to help inform vaccine confidence efforts globally, and we just finished a French-language project for a group overseas. We’re also talking about projects to preemptively combat vaccine hesitancy and disinformation and boost vaccine confidence in sub-Saharan Africa.\nWe are working on a tool kit for higher education to help campus communities better recognize and respond to polarization and extremism on campuses. The tools will be empirically tested and will be available by late fall on our website at american.edu/centers/university- excellence/peril.cfm. In partnership with the Southern Poverty Law Center, we have published a guide to online radicalization for parents and caregivers, as well as supplementary resources for educators, mentors, and counselors, available at splcenter.org/peril.\nWe’re hoping our tool kit will be a first step to help educators and parents find resources. Other countries—like Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom—have more local partnerships or advisory groups, with counselors trained to help people who are vulnerable to extremism, but in the United States, people (including faculty) are very much on their own. As a country, we’re moving in the direction of eventually having local resources to respond to extremism, the same way we have resources for addiction, sexual assault, and depression.\nWhat recent trends have you seen in extremism and radicalization in the United States?\nThe biggest trend is that the modern far right is no longer best understood as a fringe group phenomenon but as a set of ideas that has spread into the mainstream, through the mass online dissemination of disinformation and propaganda. In the West over the past two decades, only about 13 percent of terrorist acts from the far right that resulted in at least one fatality could be attributed to extremist groups, according to the GTI. That’s similar to the percentage among people who were arrested for the January 6 attack on the US Capitol—about 15 percent were members of extremist groups.\nIt’s much more common today than in the past for people to be exposed to extremist ideas and then self-radicalize. It would have been much harder to self-radicalize prior to the age of the internet, when you had to go out to the backwoods, join a group, sign up for a mailing list, and become a part of something that had initiation rites and manifestos and clear boundaries around ideology. Now, it’s like a choose your own adventure, pulling together some conspiracy theories, some antigovernment ideas, some white supremacist ideas, some misogynist ideas, and all of that becomes a toxic mix that can spread in much wider ways.\nOn January 6, we saw a coming together of what used to be a disparate spectrum of white supremacists, neo-Nazis, antigovernment militias, so-called Western chauvinist groups like the Proud Boys, misogynist groups, and QAnon conspiracy theorists, plus ordinary Trump voters. We’ve never seen that before. At the 2017 Unite the Right rally at the University of Virginia, these groups tried to come together, but they failed. But they did come together in a more spontaneous way on January 6, which showed that they could overcome some of that prior fragmentation and infighting.\nWe don’t know if January 6 foreshadowed things to come or if it was just an unusual incident that will not be repeated. We all hope, of course, that the groups remain fragmented, because then they’re less likely to succeed in anything large.\nOverall, the United States has been responsible for half of the incidents of far-right terrorism and about 40 percent of the deaths from far-right terrorism in the West over the past five years, according to the GTI. Our country has a history of racism, white supremacy, antigovernment extremism, and conspiracy theories. The lethality of the incidents is probably attributable to easy access to guns. We have a perfect storm in this country.\nHow are far-right extremist threats unfolding globally?\nFar-right extremism in the West has gone up 250 percent over the past five years, according to the GTI. The United Nations has started looking more seriously at far-right extremism. For a long time, international organizations saw such extremism as the domestic problem of individual member states and not something that warranted international engagement, coordination, or collaboration. That has definitely changed. There is now clear evidence that far-right extremist groups are globally networked and inspire each other. In Germany, two recent extremist terrorist attacks were either livestreamed in English or had a manifesto written in English. Today’s extremists are performing for a global audience.\nWhere might college students encounter extremist messages?\nWe are in a moment where everybody—but especially young people, including traditional-age college students—spends more time online. That’s one of the reasons the past year’s social distancing and remote learning and work have been so dangerous in terms of radicalization, disinformation, and propaganda. It’s much easier to lose touch with reality when you’re isolated and staring at a screen all day. And you’re less likely to encounter the ideas of people who think differently than you do, which is one of the great benefits of being on a college campus.\nExtremist groups and individuals are using online channels to share and communicate ideas. About 23 percent of online gamers, for example, encounter white supremacist propaganda while they’re gaming, according to a recent study by the Anti-Defamation League (ADL). There is a rampant problem with extremist recruitment and exposure, radicalization, and sharing of extremist ideas during gaming chat conversations. We also see it in anime sharing sites and in all kinds of forums. There’s a neo-Nazi vegan cooking show in Germany. We had a colleague tell us that he started watching a YouTube series of ten videos to learn how to install drywall. The first video seemed totally normal, but by the time he got to video three, the guy hosting the videos was expressing anti-immigrant sentiments. Our friend was stuck in the sequence because he had already started the drywall project. He listened all the way through video ten, and by the end, the host was promoting extreme white supremacist ideas. It was a skillful, gradual grooming technique.\nThe important thing for parents, teachers, faculty, folks on campus, and anybody who works with young people to understand is that no one is immune. People aren’t always seeking this out. They may encounter it wherever they spend time online. Some people will recognize it for what it is, but others won’t. That’s where that idea of “pre-prevention,” or inoculation, comes in.\nPeople mourn the victims of a mass shooting at a Walmart in El Paso, Texas, on August 3, 2019, considered the deadliest attack on Latinx people in modern US history. Image credit: Wang Ying/Xinhua/Alamy Live News\nCan you explain the pre-preventative approach that PERIL uses to combat extremism?\nPre-prevention is the German, post–World War II view that extremism exists in every society and that the best way to thwart it is to strengthen the resistance of everyone in the mainstream. It’s called “defensive democracy.” We use public health language to refer to inoculation, which works best prior to exposure. Instead of trying to isolate and cut extremism out of society as if it’s a tumor, you recognize and treat extremism like it is a virus. You do early intervention and inoculate everyone to build their resistance to a virus of hate, disinformation, and propaganda. Preventative means you’ve identified a target group; pre-preventative means everybody’s in need of it, early and often.\nHow can faculty and educators apply this pre-preventative approach?\nIn a recent study of parents and caregivers, PERIL found that educational credentials don’t correlate automatically with the ability to recognize disinformation and propaganda. You need more specific targeted education, such as media literacy education geared toward teaching people to recognize techniques like scapegoating or fearmongering and to understand source integrity and what online manipulation looks like. Instructors can also teach how persuasive extremist techniques have successfully mobilized millions of people to violence in the past and how extremism has been overcome in places like Rwanda, Burundi, South Africa, and Germany.\nEducators can do pre-preventative work to address specific propaganda during orientation or even before students arrive on campus. For example, propaganda is circulating online that targets White conservative students before they get to college, telling them that they’re going to be silenced and forced to hide their identities and apologize for being White. Educators can tell students: we’re not telling you what to think, but be aware that someone may be trying to manipulate you in a way that may not be in your own interest. Faculty haven’t been trained to know how to recognize what young people are encountering online and how to respond when students do encounter extremist propaganda.\nWhat other tactics do extremists use to attempt to radicalize college students?\nOver the past decade, the far right in particular has managed to present itself as the edgy counterculture to an overly serious and triggered mainstream that can’t take a joke. They use irony, humor, satire, and wit through memes, jokes, and emojis. Even on January 6, we saw “Boogaloo” flags, for example. The term Boogaloo started as an online joke from teenagers about a widely panned 1984 movie sequel, Breakin’ 2: Electric Boogaloo. It came to refer to the second of anything and is now a code word for a coming second Civil War.\nUsing humor and memes gives people plausible deniability that it was just a joke but also creates the edgy countercultural feeling of flipping the middle finger to the mainstream and triggered snowflakes on liberal college campuses. It allows people to feel like the ones who are rebelling. That is a powerful emotion for young people in general, especially adolescent boys.\nHow might extremists target physical college campuses this fall?\nIt’s hard to know whether the tactics that were in play before the pandemic will continue. Prior to the pandemic, a lot of speakers that spread provocative, offensive, hateful rhetoric were targeting college campuses, trying to get student groups to invite them to campus as a strategy both for promoting themselves and for creating chaos. Speakers would provoke a reaction and counterprotests, often from the left on campus. In a couple of cases, outside antifascist groups that had nothing to do with the campus came to the counterprotests and engaged in violence and property damage. Colleges are often unprepared to understand that they’re a pawn in somebody else’s end game. They are essentially being used, and students are being manipulated.\nIn situations like the Unite the Right rally, the campus is literally a battleground. It’s a symbolic place that’s being attacked because of its connection to ideas, science, and facts and because of the positioning of college campuses as sites of the liberal left or cultural Marxism.\nThere have been cases of efforts to recruit young people into identitarian or anti-immigrant movements on college campuses. Prior to the pandemic, college campuses were the largest site for the old-school tactic of paper flyering. Interestingly, during the pandemic, when colleges weren’t that populated, paper flyering of white supremacist content doubled, but it moved into public spaces off campus. In 2020, the ADL recorded more than five thousand incidents of racist, antisemitic, and anti-LGBTQ flyers, stickers, and other propaganda. It remains to be seen, but I’m assuming that paper flyering will come back to college campuses as students return. College communities should be prepared for it.\nWhat might make college students vulnerable to radicalization?\nTraditional-age college students, and youth in general, are usually more vulnerable than everybody else because they’re in an identity-seeking phase. They’re trying on different political identities and figuring things out.\nTransitioning to college can be a difficult time. People who feel isolated and lack a sense of belonging, control, purpose, and meaning in their lives can be more vulnerable to radicalization by groups that say they have their backs and that claim they are offering them a path to engaging with the world with meaning.\nHow should educators and administrators respond to hatred and support targeted students?\nCampuses have been the sites of hate incidents that may or may not have been perpetrated by people on\ncampus. These incidents create an incredibly unsafe campus climate and a feeling of trauma for members of targeted groups.\nColleges and universities have been doing a better job of enhancing diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts on campuses over the past decade, but those efforts can be so easily undermined by one hate incident, by a series of paper flyers, or by inadequately attending to the need to build resilience against rising extremism. The first step is recognizing the problem and changing campus climate and culture in a more inclusive way. The second step is responding. The worst kinds of responses are ones that narrowly tie themselves to policies without talking about values. For example, when extremist flyers were found at one college, the institution issued a statement that said these flyers were removed because they violated the campus policy about adhesives on buildings. There was some outcry from students, and the college eventually issued another statement that said, “Oh, and it goes against our values.” But the damage was done.\nInstitutions are often so worried about protecting free speech that they forget you can condemn hate speech and protect free speech at the same time. Colleges can acknowledge the law and also make sure responses to hate incidents are survivor centered in ways that show solidarity and reinforce the values of inclusion and diversity that the community stands for.\nIt’s a sobering thing to say, but as we return to campus, it’s important for folks to understand the threat of extremism—although I keep hoping that the things that I study will become irrelevant. The goal is to study myself out of existence. If there was no more need for PERIL or for my work, that would be ideal.\nLead image credit: Anna Moneymaker/New York Times/REDUX\nEmily Schuster is co-editor-in-chief of Liberal Education and senior editor at AAC&U.\nTenure, Contracts, and Mentorship\nHow two universities reimagined support for contingent and adjunct faculty\nPower Skills for Work and Life\nGeneral education faculty and career services staff partner to make liberal education visible and valued\nTom Schrand and\nMeriel Tulante\nDare Them to Dream\nColleges can inspire rural high school students to pursue a liberal arts education\nRobert L. Fried\nEthnic Identity in the Nuevo South\nAs demographics change, educators must act quickly to support Latinx students\nElsa Camargo,\nDelma Ramos, and\nCathryn Bennett","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line501097"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6686327457427979,"wiki_prob":0.33136725425720215,"text":"Folk, Indie Rock, Jazz, Music is sport\nAs the Wind\nGeorge Alexander Aberle, known as eden ahbez (April 15, 1908 – March 4, 1995), was an American songwriter and recording artist of the 1940s to 1960s, whose lifestyle in California was influential in the hippie movement. He was known to friends simply as ahbe.\nAhbez composed the song “Nature Boy”, which became a No. 1 hit for eight weeks in 1948 for Nat “King” Cole. Living a bucolic life from at least the 1940s, he traveled in sandals and wore shoulder-length hair and beard, and white robes. He camped out below the first L in the Hollywood Sign above Los Angeles and studied Oriental mysticism. He slept outdoors with his family and ate vegetables, fruits, and nuts. He claimed to live on three dollars per week.\nBehind the Scenes of “As the Wind: The Enchanted Life of Eden Ahbez”\n1908 1995 As the Wind: Eden Ahbe George Alexander Aberle Nat \"King\" Cole Nature Boy The Enchanted Life of Eden Ahbez\nNext Star Stunted “Santa Dog”\nPink Floyd Roio | The Midas Touch Recorded On Stage & Studio Outtakes Wizardo 305 A/B Side 1: Point Me At the Sky / Crumbling Land / Rain In the...\nBlues, Miscellaneus, Music is sport, Portraits, RIP, Rock\nRIP Joe Cocker\nJohn Robert “Joe” Cocker OBE (20 May 1944 – 22 December 2014) was an English rock and blues singer, who came to popularity in the 1960s...\nAmbient Beat, House, Music is sport\nDrinking in LA\nBran Van 3000 – Drinking in LA\nMusic is sport, Progressive Rock\nLateralus\nTool – Lateralus\nJazz, Music is sport, RIP\nRIP Monica Zetterlund\nMonica Zetterlund (born Eva Monica Nilsson; 20 September 1937 – 12 May 2005) was a Swedish singer and actress. She died on 12 May 2005 following an...\nEthno jazz, Jazz fusion, Jazztronica, Music is sport, New age, Qawwali, Sufi, World fusion\nJazz à Vienne 2018\nDhafer Youssef at the 2018 Jazz à Vienne Festival The mystic and oudist singer Dhafer Youssef spreads his hybrid jazz on the stage of the ancient...\nAvant-garde Rock, Experimental Rock, Full Album, Music is sport\nMoondog\nMoondog, born Louis Thomas Hardin (May 26, 1916 – September 8, 1999), was a blind American composer, musician, poet and inventor of several musical...\nFull Album, Music is sport, Piano\nPhilip Glass – Solo Piano (1989) (Full Album) Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer. He is widely regarded as one of the...\nBizarre, Cover, Holy shit, Music is sport\nSunday Lunch – Toxic\nToyah & Robert hit it (baby) one more time with their Sunday Lunch outing which this weekend is a love letter to Britney Spears.\nFull Album, Instrumental, Math rock, Music is sport, Post-rock, Progressive Rock\nThe book about my idle plot on a vague anxiety\ntoe – the book about my idle plot on a vague anxiety (full album) Toe, stylised as toe is a Japanese rock band from Tokyo. While mentioned in...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1025798"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5533122420310974,"wiki_prob":0.4466877579689026,"text":"Reports of Legionnaires' disease at McLaren Macomb Hospital spurs investigation\nOmar Abdel-Baqui\nTwo government health departments are investigating a Macomb County hospital after several cases of Legionnaires' disease were reported.\nThe Macomb County Health Department and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services are probing McLaren Macomb Hospital in Mt. Clemens, seeking the source of the disease and determining if there are more infected people, according to a press release.\nSix of the seven cases of Legionnaires' disease have been reported since the middle of September, the health departments say.\nThe hospital is cooperating with the investigation.\nA McLaren Macomb official released a statement Wednesday night: \"Though the investigation is ongoing and a definite source has not been identified, we are responding with an abundance of caution and partnering with the Macomb County Health Department to identify targeted areas in the hospital to implement additional precautions to our water management efforts.\"\nLegionnaires' disease is a respiratory infection with symptoms that include cough, fever, shortness of breath, muscle aches and headaches, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smokers, those with underlying illness and people over 50 are at higher risk for contracting the disease.\nMore:Legionella bacteria found in Wayne State University water cooler\nMore:State: McLaren Flint was primary source of Legionnaires' outbreak","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1656324"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6790598630905151,"wiki_prob":0.32094013690948486,"text":"Category: Regions\nRegion: Eurasia, European Countries, Iran, Latin America, Middle East, Turkey, United States\nA new world is being established! Highlights from the ‘New International Order’ Symposium\nThe International Relations Office of the Vatan Party of Turkey, organized an international symposium via videoconference with the participation of 40 government-representatives and experts from 25 countries. Dr. Doğu Perinçek, Chairman of the Vatan Party, made the opening speech of the symposium held under the title of “New International Order” (NINTO) on Saturday, April 17.\nUnited World International will in the coming days present speeches held in the symposium in full text in the coming days.\nZheng Dongchao from the International Bureau of the Central Committee of Communist Party of China; Russian expert Aleksandr Dugin, one of the prominent names of Eurasianism; Syrian Professor of International Relations Dr. Bessam Abu Abdullah; Pakistani Senator Mushahid Hussain Sayed; Rauf Denktaş’s ambassador at large Hüseyin Macit Yusuf; Abdullah Abdullah from the Palestinian National Assembly; Dr. Sadullah Zarei among others were present at the symposium. The last session of the event, which consisted of a total of five sessions, was reserved for youth speakers.\nThe “Asian Age” left its mark on the symposium, in which the institutions, mechanisms and foundations of the new international order were discussed. All the participants from China to Palestine, from Russia to Iran emphasized that the US hegemony collapsed and the unipolar order had no chance to win. The highlights and speeches of the symposium are as follows:\nThe Announcement of the Symposium\n“The greatest revolutionary breakthrough in human history”\nThe opening speech of the conference was made by the leader of the Vatan Party, Dr. Doğu Perinçek. In his speech, Perinçek said, “A new world is being established and we are on the verge of the greatest revolutionary breakthrough in human history” and continued as follows:\n“We have come to the end of the Atlantic Age in terms of the great adventure of humanity, we have entered the Asian Age. Africa and Latin America are the developing wings of Emerging Asia.\nThe scourge of COVID-19 suddenly confronted humanity with the great reality of our age: Society will either give up the private interest system or die!”\n“Nobody believes in solution deceptions within the imperialist system anymore. It is the system itself currently in quarantine. Even presidents and prime ministers were quarantined. This incident, indeed, is the quarantine of the financial dictatorship and Liberalism.”\n“We go from the dark world ruled by finance capital to the bright world of producers. This great leap forward of humanity will decidedly not happen spontaneously, we, vanguard parties, are not spectators but builders of this process. Humanity will solve its problems by the revolutions of the productive classes. These revolutions are national, but they will not be closed within national borders, the international solidarity of the Oppressed and the Emerging World is on the agenda.”\n‘International cooperation in pandemic conditions’\nDr. Zheng Dongchao from the International Bureau of the Central Committee of Communist Party of China emphasized this in his speech:\n“Under pandemic conditions, the world is undergoing extraordinary changes and challenges. Change is essential to the advancement of human history just as it is important for us to re-establish international cooperation under pandemic conditions, how we will respond to these challenges, and how we will come together on the basis of cooperation. Today, there are great advances in industrial production, internet and artificial intelligence development across the world. We will establish global governance not with unipolar and bullying policies, but with mutual benefit and multilateralism.”\n“Syria resists for Eurasia”\nSyrian Professor Bessam Abu Abdullah stated that “Syria resisted for Eurasia” and emphasized the following:\n“In the war that has been going on for 10 years, the struggle of the Syrian people and the Syrian army has been very powerful. If the project against Syria were successful, the region would fall under the control of the US and the neoliberal system. Turkey and Syria also found out that they want to split the countries of the region into ethnic and religious groups in order to control resources and establish new political regimes in which they wanted to be in full control.”\n“Russia’s involvement in the war in 2015 was the first sign of the New International Order. The Western media is trying to show that this is a civil war, but it is not. They are trying to show that this is a war of freedom, democracy and human rights, but it is not. When we look at the history of the USA, we see that in more than 82% of the conflicts in the world the US either is a side or behind it. The US had a hand in Latin America, Africa, Vietnam, the wars in Palestine, Yugoslavia’s division and all of incitement against Turkey. We can demolish US puppets such as Al-Qaeda and ISIS along with Russia’s increasing voice in the region, the growth of China’s Belt and Road Initiative, and China’s escalated aggressive action to protect its own interests and to participate in the international game, Iran’s role in the region is growing. This is the indicator of a new unity in the fight against US imperialism.”\n“I think that Syria is a model for all struggling countries. And our dream of the New International Order is no longer a dream. We ought to work with the parties in China, Russia, Iran, Turkey and Latin America.”\n‘The unipolar order has no chance of winning”\n“The unipolar system, and the structure and civilization it constituted, is collapsing,” said Aleksandr Dugin, Russian strategist and Head of the International Eurasian Movement. The highlights of Dugin’s speech are as follows:\n“Trump’s presidency was a manifestation of the end of the unipolar world. Biden, on the other hand, is the slave of the Atlanticist, unipolar world. There are multiple stakeholders in a multipolar world and everyone will win. In the unipolar world, peace is impossible, and America is now going to war. The unipolar world order is losing its power to strike. The unipolar order has no chance of winning. Those who advocate for a unipolar order have no chance of finding new slaves for themselves. Russia, China, Turkey, Iran, or an emerging civilization, no one will allow it. There may be differences of opinion among our governments, but we have to strengthen the option of a multipolar world. We have to do this to avoid wars. The end of unipolarity will bring balance to the world. Because the unipolar world is a true liberal dictatorship. We must unite against the common enemy, regardless of whether we are Russian, Turkish, Chinese or Iranian. We must win peace.”\n‘Venezuela is also in Eurasia!’\nParticipating in the symposium with a presentation titled “The Geopolitics of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Against the USA”, Political scientist Micaela Ovelar issued the following statements:\n“My country, Venezuela, is surrounded by American bases. We advocate a united Bolivarian Latin America in a multipolar world against American imperialism. Venezuela is a Eurasian country, because Eurasia is not a geographical term. It is a multi-polar and very central world of which Latin America is a part. Venezuela is also part of a multi-polar and multi-centered world that develops by sharing.”\nPakistan: Mustafa Kemal is also our hero\nPakistani senator Mushahid Hussain Sayed began his speech with “Turkey and China, are the closest allies of Pakistan”. “M. Kemal Atatürk”, Senator Sayed said, “is also our hero,” and added:\n“Today, the United States is in a declining position, just as it had happened to Western Europe before. Humanity is facing economic difficulties today. Information pollution and disinformation is another important problem as well as economic difficulties. Intentional misinformation and the use of media in this direction is one of the most dangerous weapons. Western propaganda and false information poison humanity today. With this, we see that there is a war of thoughts, false information is entirely based on ideological struggle. We must respond to systematically produced fake news, collectively and by bringing the truth to the fore.”\n‘The future of youth in the new era of revolution’\nYouths from Turkey, Bangladesh, Palestine, Russia, the US and Argentina talked about the future of the youth and youth struggle for the decline of US hegemony at the symposium. These young people emphasized the importance of youth struggle in Oppressed Nations against US imperialism.\nNINTO\nUS imperialism","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line759175"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6451671719551086,"wiki_prob":0.6451671719551086,"text":"Indian Captive\nI have decided to write about a book called the Indian captives written by Lios Lenski.I read this book few months ago during my leisure and I should say that it is one of the few books which really impressed and inspired me.Lios Lenski once again proved that she was the master in writing stories and it can be seen from the popularity of her book\"The Strawberry girl\" published in mid 1930's.The Indian Captives is related to the life of Mary Jemison also called as Molly and her struggle with the Seneca Red Indian tribes.Mary was a young girl(aged 15 yrs when she was captured)captured by Seneca Indians from her family’s farm in eastern Pennsylvania. After a long journey by foot with her kidnappers, Molly is sold to two sisters, Shining Star and Squirrel Woman, as a replacement for their brother who was killed in battle. The two women begin to introduce Seneca life to Molly, but she is broken-hearted in her new situation, and attempts to run away.\nThe two women begin to introduce Seneca life to Molly, but she is broken-hearted in her new situation, and attempts to run away. After a journey to Fort Duquesne in which Molly is almost reclaimed by the white settlers, Molly is taken on another long journey, this time to a Seneca village on the Genesee River. Molly is depressed and in ill health, so a kind Seneca woman named Earth Woman nurses her back to health and gives her hope for her future with the Senecas. Gradually Molly becomes friends with many of the Seneca and grows accustomed to their ways. After about two years with the Seneca, Molly learns that her family is dead, and she must make a choice to stay with the Indians or return to the world of white men. She chooses to stay with the Seneca, who have shown her much love and kindness, and whose ways she has grown to understand and respect.I really liked this story much as I was a bit emotional when I read the last part,where she expects her family to take her back .But unfotunately ,the seneca indians kill them when they captured Molly.Their culture used to be like they capture a white when any one in their community is killed or die so that the new captive will be a replacement for the person who died.I would like to appreciate the imagination of the author.She has done a perfect job here.Mary was captured by the seneca Indians in 1777.\nAbout Writer:\nLois Lenski was born in 1893 in Springfield, Ohio, to a Lutheran minister and his wife.Though Lenski’s father wished for his daughter to become a teacher, Lenski instead moved to New York City to study art and soon began to make a living with her illustrations. In 1921, she married Arthur Covey, one of her former teachers. Lenski decided to write her own stories and illustrate them after several publishing companies told her that although they liked her drawings, they did not have suitable books for her to illustrate. In her long career, Lenski wrote and illustrated more than ninety books, including Strawberry Girl, a Newberry Medal winner, and Phebe\nFairchild: Her Book and Indian Captive, both of which were Newberry Honor books.Lenski died in 1974 at the age of eighty.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line385338"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6630918383598328,"wiki_prob":0.6630918383598328,"text":"You are here: Platypus /Archive for tag international left\nArab Spring into Winter? Challenges to the Left One Year On\nWhat began as an exhilarating dawn of possibility in the uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt has turned, a year later, into a sobering revelation of limitations on change and deepening dangers ahead. How has the Left received the democratic upsurge in the Arab world, and how can greater progressive potential be realized? How does the Arab Spring fit into the rising uncertainty in global politics, and how can a conservative reaction be avoided? What are the needs to be met, and how is the Left able (or not) to provide a critical contribution to the course of unfolding events?\nSiyaves Azeri is the spokesperson of the Committee of International Relations of the Worker-communist Party of Iran. He is also a post-doctoral fellow at the Department of Philosophy, Queen's University, Kingston Canada. Azeri has taught as an assistant professor at Koc University in Istanbul; he has also taught at University of Ottawa and as a guest lecturer at Istanbul Technical University.\nMaria Rohaly is a coordinator for Mission Free Iran, an international organization that emerged during the 2009 uprising in Iran to amplify the demands and struggle for the goals and objectives of the revolution: freedom, equality, and humane society. These objectives are the line that divides the revolution from the counter-revolution in Egypt, Iran, Syria, Tunisia and beyond. Mission Free Iran places special emphasis on the radical demands of students, workers, refugees, and fundamentally women. Mission Free Iran recently launched a special campaign to save Sakineh Ashtiani, the Iranian who was to be stoned to death on basis of allegations of adultery.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line557842"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9964091777801514,"wiki_prob":0.9964091777801514,"text":"Bible > John > Chapter 9 > Verse 9\n◄ John 9:9 ►\nSome said, This is he: others said, He is like him: but he said, I am he.\nSome said, “This is he.” Others said, “He is like him.” He said, “I am he.”\nOthers said, It is he: others said, No, but he is like him. He said, I am he .\nSome claimed that he was, but others said, “No, he just looks like him.” But the man kept saying, “I am the one.”\nBut others said: No, but he is like him. But he said: I am he.\nOthers said, It is he: others said, No, but he is like him. He said, I am he.\nOthers were saying, \"It is he.\" Still others were saying, \"He looks like him.\" He said, \"I am he.\"\nothers said -- 'This is he;' and others -- 'He is like to him;' he himself said, -- 'I am he.'\nJohn 9:9 Additional Translations ...\nJohn 9:9 NIV\nJohn 9:9 NLT\nJohn 9:9 ESV\nJohn 9:9 NASB\nJohn 9:9 NKJV\nJohn 9:9 KJV","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1730440"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8571953773498535,"wiki_prob":0.8571953773498535,"text":"PMI in the News\nWith former President Bill Clinton as the keynote speaker at PMI Global Congress 2010 — North America, you had to know PMI was going to be in the news this week. “If you’re a project manager and you’re a professional, there’s always going to be something you can do for the next 50 years in the 21st century,” Mr. Clinton told the audience Sunday night. Also newsworthy:\nWalden University announced on Monday that it has been designated as a Registered Education Provider by PMI.\nPMI announced their slate of newly elected officers and board of directors for 2011. Congratulations to all!\nNational Ignition Facility (NIF), a project sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), has been honored by PMI as the winner of its prestigious PMI Project of the Year Award.\nPMI has announced the winners of its Component and Professional Awards for 2010, along with the 2010 winner of the PMI Educational Foundation Awards. The award winners were recognized at the PMI 2010 Awards Ceremony on 9 October 2010 at the Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center near Washington, DC.\nThis entry was posted in PM In the News by Dave Gordon. Bookmark the permalink.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1068817"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9442055225372314,"wiki_prob":0.9442055225372314,"text":"Decision clarifies rescission notice under AWA\nA recent decision provides both franchisees and franchisors with some clarity on what constitutes notice of rescission under the Arthur Wishart Act (Franchise Disclosure), 2000 (AWA), says Toronto civil litigator Stephany Mandin, who acted for the successful plaintiffs in the case.\nMandin, principal of Mandin Law, and co-counsel Steven H. Goldman, a partner at Goldman Hine LLP, successfully convinced the judge that a claim in a pleading that was drafted by their clients’ previous counsel did not meet the threshold for statutory notice under the AWA.\n“I think the decision was sound because it properly delineates the common law right of rescission from the much more sweeping and onerous statutory right of rescission,” she tells AdvocateDaily.com while noting that the ruling has been appealed.\n“A claim of rescission in a pleading puts a franchisor defendant on notice that there is litigation, and it defines the causes of action, whereas a statutory notice of rescission is arguably intended to prevent litigation by putting the franchisor on formal notice that it has 60 days to compensate the franchisee in accordance with s. 6 of the AWA,” Mandin says. “Only after that 60-day period has elapsed does the legal cause of action crystallize.”\nShe explains that the AWA, like franchise legislation in other provinces, requires franchisors to deliver a disclosure document to potential franchisees at least 14 days before signing any binding agreement or payment of money.\nLate or incomplete disclosure entitles franchisees to rescission within 60 days after receiving disclosure under s. 6(1) of the Act, but if the disclosure is “materially deficient,” as is alleged in this case, existing jurisprudence dictates that it will be treated as if no disclosure was made at all, giving franchisees a full two years from the date of the franchise agreement to seek rescission under s. 6(2) of the AWA, Mandin says.\nOnce notice of rescission is delivered, the clock begins ticking on the 60-day deadline under s. 6(2) of the AWA for franchisors to comply with their financial obligations under s. 6(6), which effectively put franchisees back in the position they were in before an agreement was signed.\n“Franchisees are essentially fully compensated for any money paid to the franchisor and for all losses acquired in setting up and operating the franchise,” Mandin says.\nBecause of the extraordinary nature of the statutory right of rescission, fairness dictates that franchisors are given adequate time to respond and adhere to their statutory obligations, she adds.\nThe judge in the case agreed, using the “absurd result,” as he put it, of allowing a pleading to act as notice of statutory rescission, to illustrate the reason for his decision.\n“A franchisee could sue the franchisor in a claim for rescission without the franchisor being given anytime to comply with what the legislature says it must do,” the judge wrote. “This would not be fair to the franchisor. This would also undermine the legislative framework set up under section 6 of the Wishart Act.”\nThe case has its roots in a burger restaurant franchise bought by the franchisee in late 2012. The franchise failed within months, and the franchisee was faced with a claim from the bank over a loan default.\nAs part of the franchisee’s defence to the bank’s claim, its previous counsel advanced a third-party claim against the franchisor, claiming a statutory right of rescission for inadequate disclosure — the only rescission notice ever delivered in the case, she says.\nMandin and Goldman were ultimately retained to pursue a solicitor’s negligence claim against the franchisee’s former lawyer, but she explains that each strand of the litigation was jammed up by the unresolved question of whether notice of rescission was ever provided pursuant to s. 6 of the AWA.\nThat resulted in the odd sight of the franchisee and franchisor taking the same position before a motion judge in opposition to the franchisee’s former counsel, who argued that the pleadings in his third-party claim met the notice requirements of the AWA, she says.\n“Typically, franchisees and franchisors are on opposite sides, but in this motion, our interests were aligned,” Mandin says.\nRuling that the third-party claim did not constitute a proper notice of rescission under the AWA, the judge concluded that the franchisee’s former lawyer had tried to “repurpose” the pleadings he drafted into something they were never intended to be, “in a rather transparent attempt to avoid liability.”\n© 2020 Mandin Law - All Rights Reserved - Built by Alicia Murlender Design Inc.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line109605"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.678543210029602,"wiki_prob":0.32145678997039795,"text":"2nd Book Review: Clare McNally’s Ghost Light\nBy dark666angel on 5th Jan 2022 • ( 0 )\nIn this book review I take a look at Clare McNally’s novel Ghost Light which is one of my personal favourites.\nThe Ghostly Traveller’s Tale\nSir Edward Jamieson the squire\nIn this character profile I take a look at Sir Edward Jamieson the landowner and squire who plays a key role in my novel ‘Evil Deeds.’\n17th Dec 2021 17th Dec 2021\nMy Life as a writer\nA big warm welcome to all of those who are visiting my site for the first time. My name is Mark Campbell but I also go under the title of the ghostly traveller. For truly I have travelled a path in my writing life which has been fraught with danger and evil intent. I have gone back in time to experience the pleasures and the pain of souls who either instigated the evil of which I speak or were on the receiving end of it.\nIt has not been easy to face some of the scenes I have dredged up in my imagination but I had to do it. Otherwise I would not have been true to myself and if a writer cannot do this then he is merely an empty vessel existing in a vacuum. So I have surrounded myself with all manner of strange creatures each with an important story to tell.\nI have many stories to tell and it will be my pleasure to share little samples of these tales with all of my fellow ghouls out there who like nothing more than a good scare. Because let’s face it a writer is only as good as his audience who want to be entertained. This is what I have in story for all of you fine people.\nI wish to bring my fictional world into the public domain. It is my most fervent desire to gain a larger readership than I have enjoyed to date. To this end, I hope you will enjoy the cover design for my published horror novel The Lady in Red which can be found at the bottom of this home page together with the little description I provided of it. But this is merely the start. In my future blogs I plan to provide profiles on the main characters who go to make up the plot for this supernatural novel.\nYou will meet Jack Farley, the bodysnatcher from the 1830s who whilst possessing an evil mind is nonetheless an engaging fellow and one rather perversely you wouldn’t mind spending an evening with. He is an entertaining type but not as trustworthy as he might be. He is just as likely to do harm to you as he is to make you laugh. And Jack does have a winning sense of humour, but it is very much of a dark order.\nYou will also come across young Paul Stanley, a nine year old boy from the modern day who first comes across Jack in his dreams. This sparks off a series of events which no child should ever have to go through. He and his family go to hell and back thanks to the sinister actions of Jack in his ghostly guise. But Paul is made of stern stuff. He might be shy and of a reflective disposition but he nonetheless knows how to handle himself. It is just as well, too, as he has a lot on his plate once Jack really gets down to work.\nThis then is The Lady in Red, a ghostly tale set in the south east of England. But it is only one of a number of horror novels I have written. Others include Evil Deeds, The Cornwall Ghost Story and Retribution. I have been rewriting the last-named novel over the course of the last year or two. This is a book I originally wrote about 25 years ago. I decided to return to it with a fresh mind after all this time as I felt it had many great moments but a number of weaknesses which I wished to iron out. I loved returning to it and reacquainting myself with characters I had not spent any time with in such a long time. It was like meeting up with long-lost friends.\nAnother tale I have partly written is a witchcraft novella. This is untitled at present but again it is a story with a number of good moments. I have enjoyed writing it and look forward to returning to it in the future.\nAs with The Lady in Red I look forward to sharing excerpts from all of these works and to explore the characters which make up the different storylines. I can promise you a fun ride. So strap in tightly and be prepared for a rollercoaster of a journey through the crazy mind of a horror writer who truly likes nothing more than to give pleasure.\nThe Lady in Red is a horror novel which I published on http://www.amazon.com as a kindle. You can purchase it via my amazon author page which can be found here: https://www.amazon.com/-/e/B08XPRNCCK\nA Brief Synopsis of The Lady in Red\nIn this novel I explore the world of bodysnatchers. I have always been fascinated by these somewhat shady characters who would steal out in the dead of night and dig up graves and make away with the corpses which lay underground. So I went back to the 1830s when this business was rife and brought in two such bodysnatchers or grave robbers.\nAt the beginning of the novel I have these men discussing their line of work in a tavern one night. Jack Farley suggests to his partner Will Dreghorn that it would be a good idea if they gave ‘a helping hand to death’ seeing as bodies were ‘thin on the ground.’ Will is horrified by this suggestion. He wants no part of Jack’s murderous intentions. But in the end he has to agree to the plan as Jack holds something over him. If he does not go along with Jack’s scheme he could find himself in prison. So that night they commit the first of many murders so they can accrue bodies which they can sell to a local surgeon. The doctor requires them for dissection purposes so he can uncover remedies for deadly diseases.\nLater in the novel Jack returns in ghostly guise in the modern day and creates more mayhem. There is a battle between good and evil which runs through the rest of the novel which draws the reader through to the gripping conclusion.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line450560"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7290340662002563,"wiki_prob":0.27096593379974365,"text":"29 Sep 2017 29 Sep 2017 educateempower.blog\nIllegal by Eoin Colfer and Andrew Donkin\nI read my first real graphic novel in my twenties – Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi – it was amazing. Not only the storytelling and the story to be told, but the fact that this huge and terrible part of history could be told in a simple and easier to understand way.\nIllegal by Eoin Colfer and Andrew Donkin also does just that. We are all very aware of the horrible refugee crisis in our world but perhaps many of us do not know of the journey that these people need to go through in order to reach a new country.\nTold through the eyes of young Ebo, we learn about where he lives in Africa and his desire to leave his home town where there is no work and little family left. Following his older brother he makes a dangerous journey into the town of Agadez where he meets his older brother. It is there that they work hard to leave the city and make the perilious journey through desert and then the sea for a better life.\nThe reader experiences the highs and the many lows of Ebo’s journry. Giovanni Rigano’s illustrations show the reader the love, hope and desperation of the people. We are also able to see the harshness of the desert and the terror of the sea.\nThrough Coulfer and Donkin’s storytelling we feel Ebo’s emotions, understand his desires and hope for a better future with him.\nWe meet other refugees who also desire a better life and we learn why they risk everything in order to reach a country, which they think will help them.\nIllegal is a story that needs to be shared. The way refugees are treated by many countries is beyond comprehension and this story just shows how desparate theses people are. No one would ever undertake the journey if they didn’t need to.\nAt the end of the story the reader can view a map with explanation of where Ebo travels which I found and those children I shared the story with most informative.\nThere is also another short graphic story at the end of Illegal, that speaks to us about a young refugee woman. This story brings to light the plight of young women who may be travelling with young children or pregnant and their desperation to flee terror and poverty.\nIllegal is a story to share and a story to reflect on. It is a story that will hopefully stir emotion and action so that more people do not need to take these journeys.\nFind out where the refugees in your country are from and plot the journey they have taken to get to your country.\nFind some news articles that tell you a story about someone who has come you’re your country as a refugee. Find out how they came here, who they left behind or lost and what they needed to do.\nLook at how the graphic novel is set out and create your own graphic novel that will teach others about an important story like this one.\nSee if there is a way you can help people who are refugees in your country.\n– Write a letter to your local member, Premier or Prime Minister.\n– Contact Local refugee organisations and see if there is any way you can help.\n– Raise awareness in your community by submitting a short graphic novel to the local newspaper or school newsletter.\nLearn more about the UN charter of rights and also the Rights of a child. Which rights did Ebo, his brother and many people not have along the journey? Can you think of anyone you know who is not being given all of their rights?\nandrew donkin\nunit of work\nPrevious Under the same sky by Britta Teckentrup\nNext Hush\nBooks that link to Refugees – Educate.Empower. says:\n[…] Illegal by Eoin Colfer and Andrew Donkin […]\nStories make us Honest – Educate.Empower. says:","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1787717"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8047699332237244,"wiki_prob":0.8047699332237244,"text":"Campaign Chronicles\nBernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Make a Show of Force in Queens\nBy Eric Lach\nAt what was billed as Bernie Sanders’s comeback rally, featuring Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, he continued to emphasize his core issues: inequality, Medicare for All, abolishing student debt.Photograph by Peter Foley / Shutterstock\nOn Saturday, at Bernie Sanders’s big “Bernie’s Back” rally in Queens, the guest of honor, apart from Sanders himself, was Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. Earlier in the week, word came that the young congresswoman, who is the most famous and successful member of the lefty cohort that traces its political activation back to Sanders’s insurgent 2016 Presidential campaign, would attend the rally and offer Sanders her endorsement—welcome news for a candidate navigating the most delicate personal and political moment of his campaign. Earlier this month, Sanders suffered a heart attack while campaigning in Nevada. Doctors inserted two stents into one of his arteries, and Sanders took a break from the trail to recover. On Tuesday, he appeared onstage with his Democratic opponents at a nationally televised debate. But it was Saturday’s rally that was billed as his comeback.\nWith Ocasio-Cortez’s presence already announced, the big news coming out of the rally was its size. According to the Sanders campaign, more than twenty-five thousand people crowded into a park in the shadow of the bridge known now as the Ed Koch Queensboro Bridge, with the towers of Manhattan visible across the East River. It was the show of force that his campaign was looking for when they picked New York as their venue for this event. Sanders isn’t a reboot guy—consistency, of message and affect, is his calling card. But he needed to show he could respond to a health scare that made his age—seventy-eight—more of a topic than it already was. Even before the heart attack, Sanders was in a bit of a positioning trap, with Elizabeth Warren and Joe Biden both recently polling ahead of him, one appealing to voters looking for the Party to make a progressive turn, the other appealing to voters who want to vote for someone they already know. Sanders was comfortably above the second tier of candidates in the race, but could he claim a spot in the first? Saturday’s rally was a reminder of the broad support he still commands.\n“What do they say?” the filmmaker Michael Moore said, warming up the crowd by warning of the “tropes” that the “powers that be” would try to use against Sanders. “Bernie’s too old. Yeah? Well, here’s what’s too old. The Electoral College is too old. A seven-dollar-and-twenty-five-cent minimum wage—that’s too old. Women not being paid the same as men—that’s too old.” Moore was one of six warmup speakers. When Ocasio-Cortez’s turn came, she, too, tried to flip the worries about Sanders’s age on their head, reminding the crowd of the political fights that the senator has engaged in since long before she arrived on the scene, on issues from health care to education to discrimination. “Bernie Sanders did not do these things because they were popular, and that’s what we need to remember,” she said. “He did this, and he fought for these aims and these ends when they came at the highest political cost in America.”\nWhen Sanders finally appeared at the podium, the shadows were getting long in the park. In March, Sanders launched his campaign a borough over, in Brooklyn, where he grew up. At the time, his campaign was promising that voters would get to see a more personal and personable version of Sanders than they’d seen in 2016. That hasn’t happened. Sanders doesn’t want to talk about himself. He wants to talk about his core issues: inequality, injustice, Medicare for All, abolishing student debt, raising wages, fixing housing. On Saturday, he dispatched with the topic of his heart attack with his usual aversion to sentiment. “Let me also, on a personal note, take this opportunity to thank the many people across this nation who in my time of illness sent me and my family their prayers and well wishes and their love,” he said. “It has meant the world to Jane and me, and I thank all of you so very much. And, along with the great medical care that I received, I am happy to report to you that I am more than ready, more ready than ever, to carry on with you the epic struggle that we face today. I am more than ready to assume the office of President of the United States. I am more than ready to take on the greed and corruption of the corporate élite and their apologists.”\nAnd, with that, he was off, taking the crowd through his stump speech, identifying the villains in his story of modern America, and describing the weapons he would wield to put them in their place, with the crowd booing and cheering, and occasionally breaking out in chants of “end the wars” or “abolish ICE.” Sanders, wearing a sweater under a blazer against the October chill, hit his points behind the podium in his usual way. His voice boomed through the P.A. system, his tone, as always, equal parts old Brooklyn grandpa and Old Testament preacher. He spoke for almost an hour. Next week, Sanders will embark on what his campaign has called an “End Corporate Greed Tour,” in Iowa. “To put it bluntly,” he told the crowd on Saturday, “I am back.”\nEric Lach is a staff writer at The New Yorker.\nMore:2020 ElectionBernie SandersAlexandria Ocasio-Cortez\nThe best of The New Yorker, every day, in your in-box, plus occasional alerts when we publish major stories.\nAnswers to the Impeachment Question at the Democratic Debate\nNo one on the stage was against impeachment, but the candidates varied in their sense of where the process might lead.\nElizabeth Warren’s Medicare for All Dilemma\nAfter Warren began appearing near the top in Democratic-primary polls, several of her fellow-candidates began questioning her honesty on health care.\nBy John Cassidy\nNancy Pelosi on the Impeachment Inquiry Into Trump\nNancy Pelosi, the Speaker of the House, reveals details of a phone call she had with Donald Trump shortly before she authorized an impeachment inquiry against him, and explains why the timing of the inquiry was right.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line694052"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8976829051971436,"wiki_prob":0.8976829051971436,"text":"International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage\nHome > Journals > Arrow > current > IJRTP > Vol. 2 (2014) > Iss. 2\nA Cross-cultural Comparison of Weekend–trips in Religious Tourism: Insights from two cultures, two countries (India and Italy)\nKiran A. Shinde, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, IndiaFollow\nKatia Rizello, University of SalentoFollow\nThis paper explains peculiarities, significance, and universality of weekend-trips as significant form of religious tourism using a comparative analysis of this phenomenon in two pilgrimage sites from two different cultures (and countries), namely, Vrindavan in India and the Shrine of Santimissi Medici in Italy. The findings derived from a case-study approach and visitors’ survey method confirm that religious tourism falls under the more general category of leisure and that visitors who flock to these places on weekends do not coincide either with general models proposed in the extant literature, nor can they be assimilated to the conventional categories of pilgrims and/or tourists. While highlighting the similarities and differences in the two cases, the paper proposes that weekend visitors are best described as religious tourists: visitors who use tourism as a means to fulfill a predominant religious motive in visiting a destination they consider religious or sacred. The analysis based on the concept of weekend-trips helps to explore nuances of religious tourism which can be used for better planning and management in religious tourism destinations.\nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License.\nShinde, Kiran A. and Rizello, Katia (2014) \"A Cross-cultural Comparison of Weekend–trips in Religious Tourism: Insights from two cultures, two countries (India and Italy),\" International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage: Vol. 2: Iss. 2, Article 3.\ndoi:https://doi.org/10.21427/D7PF0W\nAvailable at: https://arrow.tudublin.ie/ijrtp/vol2/iss2/3\nhttps://doi.org/10.21427/D7PF0W\nArts and Humanities Commons, Human Geography Commons, Leisure Studies Commons, Tourism and Travel Commons\nPublications Ethics and Malpractice Statement\nAll Issues Vol. 9, Iss. 5 Vol. 9, Iss. 4 Vol. 9, Iss. 3 Vol. 9, Iss. 2 Vol. 9, Iss. 1 Vol. 8, Iss. 8 Vol. 8, Iss. 7 Vol. 8, Iss. 6 Vol. 8, Iss. 5 Vol. 8, Iss. 4 Vol. 8, Iss. 3 Vol. 8, Iss. 2 Vol. 8, Iss. 1 Vol. 7, Iss. 5 Vol. 7, Iss. 4 Vol. 7, Iss. 3 Vol. 7, Iss. 2 Vol. 7, Iss. 1 Vol. 6, Iss. 3 Vol. 6, Iss. 2 Vol. 6, Iss. 1 Vol. 5, Iss. 3 Vol. 5, Iss. 2 Vol. 5, Iss. 1 Vol. 4, Iss. 7 Vol. 4, Iss. 6 Vol. 4, Iss. 5 Vol. 4, Iss. 4 Vol. 4, Iss. 3 Vol. 4, Iss. 2 Vol. 4, Iss. 1 Vol. 3, Iss. 2 Vol. 3, Iss. 1 Vol. 2, Iss. 2 Vol. 2, Iss. 1 Vol. 1, Iss. 1\ndoi: 10.21427/D7VC7D","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line786507"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7689578533172607,"wiki_prob":0.7689578533172607,"text":"Rosa Belongs Here\nYOU made a difference. Thank you!\nJanuary 25, 2021 RBH\nWhat an amazing community!\n(We keep saying that, but it is true.)\nTHANK YOU to everyone who bid and contributed cash donations and to all those who donated items.\nWE EXCEEDED our goal of $8,000.\nYou should have received an email with a link to complete payment for your item. If you did not, please email dana@pixelright.com and tell us your name and what you won.\nNote to NON-LOCAL WINNERS of items that will need to be shipped: We will calculate the shipping cost and contact you with the amount that will be added to your winning bid.\nNote to LOCAL WINNERS: Zuma Natural Foods in Mancos has agreed to be a pickup location for your items. Please give us until after Thanksgiving to get things labeled and transported there. We will let you know when they are ready to be picked up.\nIf you won a gift card, we will mail those to you.\nIf you won an “experience” or a service, we will connect you with the business or individual responsible for the donation.\nAgain, thank you for your support for Rosa and sanctuary.\nRBH TEAM\nNational Sanctuary Collective delivers petition to Biden campaign\nNovember 15, 2020 RBH\nThe National Sanctuary Collective (Colectivo Santuario) held a press conference Wednesday, October 28, to ask former Vice President Joe Biden to commit to free community leaders living in sanctuary churches if he is elected. The Sanctuary leaders will deliver to the Biden campaign a petition and letters of support from organizations and elected officials around the country. The National Sanctuary Collective is made up of immigrants living in Sanctuary churches, organizers, attorneys, and allies in faith communities across the country.\nWatch the recorded press conference here: https://www.facebook.com/events/355972418835462\nSanctuary leaders ask Biden for commitment\nhttps://rosabelongshere.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Final-Biden-letter-videos-sm.mp4\nShelter in place? She’s been doing that inside a Colorado church for more than three years\nSeptember 3, 2020 RBH\nRosa Sabido has spent more than three years in the Mancos United Methodist Church in Colorado to avoid deportation back to Mexico. (David Kelly / For The Times)\nBy David Kelly, Special Correspondent\nMANCOS, Colo. — Facing deportation to Mexico, Rosa Sabido took sanctuary on June 2, 2017, inside the Mancos United Methodist Church in this deeply conservative corner of Colorado.\nSupporters held vigils after her first 100 days, then the first 600 days, then the first 1,000.\nStill, she remains. Marooned.\nIn the more than three years Sabido has spent in the church, her mother has died, along with five elderly dogs she left with a stepfather. Two food trucks she once operated sit idle behind her empty mobile home in nearby Cortez.\nShe spends her days writing poetry, working on her case and walking the dark halls and green lawn of the church, careful never to step onto the sidewalk.\n“I think we are all surprised that she’s been here over three years,” said the church pastor, Craig Paschal. “Hopefully, it won’t all be for naught.”\nAbout 45 people across the country sought refuge in churches shortly after President Trump took office and lowered the bar for who would be targeted for deportation.\nThe Obama administration focused on deporting those with criminal records, but Trump made it clear that any immigrant in the country illegally was vulnerable, even those with strong community ties and no criminal past, such as Sabido.\nSome who sought sanctuary had overstayed visas or lost asylum cases. A few had run-ins with the law, such as driving without a license, using false documents or, in one case, being charged and later acquitted of assault after a shoving match at work.\nMost who went into sanctuary remain there, including a Peruvian immigrant who gave birth in a church recreation room in Boulder, Colo., last year. A few have walked away, some have won temporary stays of deportation, and others have returned to their countries.\nSabido, who grew up in Mexico City, was 23 when she entered the U.S. in 1987 on a visitor visa to see her mother, Blanca, and stepfather Roberto, legal residents living in Cortez, about 17 miles west of Mancos.\nHer mother filed a petition for Sabido to become a permanent resident, a process that takes years. In the meantime, Sabido traveled between the U.S. and Mexico on a visitor visa.\nIn 1998, during questioning by immigration officers at the Phoenix airport, she admitted to working as a babysitter in the U.S. and was sent back to Mexico.\nA month later, she crept through a narrow tunnel into Nogales, Ariz., and made her way to Cortez, where she sold food, prepared taxes and worked as a secretary at St. Margaret Mary Church.\nShe was eventually arrested by Immigration and Customs Enforcement and repeatedly applied for stays of removal — which she was granted six years in a row. Her seventh request was denied, and in 2017 she was ordered to leave the country.\nThe small adobe church offered sanctuary. It was no guarantee against deportation, but the federal government rarely raided houses of worship.\nSabido, single with no children, scrambled to pack. She bid a tearful farewell to her dogs. Her distraught mother told her she’d be better off in Mexico than a prisoner in a church.\nBut Mexico wasn’t home anymore. She’d spent more than three decades in the U.S. She spoke English fluently. And she had faith in the system.\nWhen she entered the church, it was national news. Mancos, a rural town of about 1,400 in a county that heavily favored Trump in the 2016 election, seemed an unlikely sanctuary, making the story even more compelling.\n“In the beginning people came every day — hour after hour — wanting to get to know me, to hear my story,” she recalled. “So I had to tell my story so many times for months and months. The media was here all the time. They wanted to watch everything I did. One asked me to crack open the bathroom door so he could film me brushing my teeth.”\nThe church installed a shower for her and converted the nursery into a bedroom.\nSabido was soon inundated by supporters who included her in yoga, drum circles, singing, cooking sessions and crafting.\n“You are surrounded by strangers, but you must build relationships because you depend on everyone for everything — food, clothing,” she said. “You don’t feel like you have any power at all.”\nThe first year, Sabido’s mother visited every day. Then Blanca was diagnosed with breast cancer and returned to Mexico for treatment to be closer to her extended family.\nShe was 72 when she died July 23, 2018.\n“I missed being with her on the last day of her life. That stays with me all the time,” Sabido said. “I wanted to take care of her and I couldn’t.”\nThrough it all, a small army of supporters has pressed her case. They asked local Congressman Scott Tipton, a Republican who represents the district, to sponsor a private bill to legalize Sabido’s status.\nPrivate bills, often used when other remedies are exhausted, must still pass the House, Senate and be signed by the president. Tipton visited Sabido but refused to introduce a bill. He recently lost a primary to a candidate who claimed he was insufficiently pro-Trump.\nTipton’s office did not respond to requests for comment.\nColorado’s Democratic senator, Michael Bennet, also visited Sabido. But all he could offer was hope that Trump would lose in November and a new administration would take up her case.\nSabido still has strong support in Mancos and Cortez. When a local police officer walked into the church one day, parishioners feared the worst. He approached Sabido, handed her his card and said to call if she needed anything.\n“Even people who are anti-immigrant say she should be allowed to stay,” said Katie Wall, owner of Zuma Natural Foods in Mancos.\nThe COVID-19 pandemic has increased Sabido’s isolation but also given her time to reflect. She’s stopped all activities and most face-to-face interactions.\n“I was never patient but have learned patience. I have learned to be with myself,” she said. “I can see all the colors, forms and textures of my life that you don’t see unless you are forced to.”\nShe has become an outspoken champion of immigration reform. Her story has spread nationally on social media and the website rosabelongshere.org.\nEach week she takes part in a Zoom meeting with some of the roughly 40 others in sanctuary.\nOn a recent call, six joined from churches around the country.\n“For me it’s like prison, the only difference is we are not with other people,” said Juana Ortega, 48, of Guatemala, in sanctuary in North Carolina after being denied asylum.\n“One of the biggest changes for me was developing diabetes and high blood pressure in sanctuary,” said Alirio Gamez, 44, of El Salvador, who took refuge in a Texas church when his asylum request was rejected. “The doctor said it could have been from the stress and worry of this situation.”\n“I don’t know if I can go on much longer,” said Alex Garcia, 39, of Honduras, who has been in sanctuary for three years in Missouri to avoid deportation for being in the country illegally. “If Trump wins I don’t think we have any hope.”\nSabido spends much of her time on the church’s back lawn, where a bamboo screen offers her privacy from the street.\n“I worry about wearing out my welcome,” she said quietly.\nPaschal said he can’t imagine asking her to leave. He works just down the hall from where she sleeps. Their bathrooms are inches apart. She shares the cramped kitchen with the whole church.\n“Everyone has had to make sacrifices,” the pastor said. “The biggest thing is really learning to share the space. Learning to work together. We have a really active church and we kind of bump into each other.”\nIf Trump wins reelection, Sabido, who is now 56, knows this much: “I won’t spend another four years in sanctuary.”\nShe can walk out of the church and disappear into the shadows or return to Mexico with nothing.\nIf she could freely leave today, she said, she’d go into the woods, sit by the river and listen to the wind.\n“Then I would have to face the painful truth of how things have changed,” she said. “What I have lost.”\nTears welled up.\n“Everything is gone.”\nLessons for self-isolation, from someone who has done it for 34 months (Durango Herald, 4/12)\nApril 13, 2020 RBH\nRosa Sabido sits inside the United Methodist Church in Mancos, where she has lived in sanctuary since June 2017. Photo credit: Jerry McBride / Durango Herald\nA Q&A with Mexican national seeking refuge at Mancos United Methodist Church\nErika Alvero\nDurango Herald Staff Reporter\nSocial distancing and stay-at-home orders may be new to most of us, but for Rosa Sabido, who has lived in church sanctuary for more than 1,000 days, it is all too familiar.\nSabido, a Mexican national, has been living at the Mancos United Methodist Church since June 2017, after her application for a one-year stay of removal was denied by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\nDuring her nearly three years on church grounds, Sabido has had much time to reflect on her situation, and on the challenges and value of isolation. While sometimes she feels restless and trapped, the experience has also offered her a chance to practice patience and “releasing control,” she said.\nOn Friday, Sabido spoke with The Journal about her self-imposed isolation and offered some advice for those now forced to stay home because of the coronavirus pandemic. She also shared some thoughts about what the present state of the world can teach us.\nThinking back to when you first started living in sanctuary at the Mancos United Methodist Church in June 2017, what were those first few days and weeks like being confined on church grounds, unable to leave?\nThe beginning was a shocking experience because I didn’t know I was going to be in this situation, and it was a matter of days for me to make the transition and do it. I was feeling afraid, and there were a lot of tears those first days, that first night. Especially when I was opening my eyes in the morning and seeing that I was in this place. I was living a totally different reality than what it was before.\nDid you feel restless or trapped?\nYes. And it has happened to me many times, and there are days where I wish I could just go and walk. There were times where even I was physically feeling like – I can describe this like when people get those shirts or ropes to hold their hands when they suffer some mental illnesses and they cannot move. I was kind of feeling that way, that no matter how I felt, I was not able to move and change the situation.\nWhen you first took sanctuary, what kinds of activities occupied your days in those first few weeks?\nWell I was surrounded with a lot of people. A lot of people from the community came to visit.\nMy activities were pretty much talking with these people, and answering phone calls and replying to emails and trying to cope with the fact that I was here. At the beginning, there was frustration. And then slowly I had to surrender because I couldn’t fight against the situation.\nThen I started doing some activities, different activities with different people from the community, like arts and crafts and jewelry-making, and tried to stay as normal as possible. Doing the normal things like cooking and trying to see this time as a great moment of transformation and learning process.\nReleasing that control – that things that used to be our way, or tried to do it our way. Now it’s not in our hands. It was not in my hands. And it still is not.\nWhat have you learned in this time?\nI’ve learned how to surrender to the circumstances and trust. Just go with the rhythm of how they’re happening. At the same time, I know I have to be watchful and careful to feel safe. But also not forgetting that I have a goal.\nTo know that there’s something I’m working for, an objective. And that helps me to remain faithful in knowing there’s going to be a moment, that this will end. Then I will be free, and then I will enjoy the things that I wanted to.\nWhat forms of communication do you like to use, if not face-to-face?\nNow I’ve been having video conferences with different people. Even doing some presentations with some organizations, and email, text, social media. Pretty much all the same as before.\nI’m still getting email, people still bring me food and things that I need. I don’t really see people, they just leave it in front of the door. I try to be careful and clean everything, wash everything. I still have the contact, like people keep asking me and texting me how I am doing, and how I am feeling.\nHas a sense of normalcy returned for you, living in sanctuary? How long did that take?\nI don’t think this has become normal in any way, and I don’t want it to be. Because this shouldn’t be normal for anybody. Because this is not how we’re created to be, to be isolated or to be secluded. I think I had to be OK with the situation because I know that’s better for my mental health. But that doesn’t mean that I don’t want to go back to live a free life, or to do the things that I wanted to do.\nDo you think the current coronavirus situation will help people understand better what you’ve been dealing with for so long?\nI hope it does. I know a lot of people said that they can never be in my situation, and they can never feel the way I’m feeling, but I’m certainly sure right now that they’re starting to understand a little better.\nBut I hope they really understand that this is not what life is supposed to look like. And also realize that this is very unfair. Even though their situation is very similar, there is still a lot of privilege in (other people’s) life.\nFrom the fact that they can still go to the store, or they can just go for a walk in this beautiful area where we live. We are blessed that there is a lot of country and forest and lakes and mountains. They can go for a walk and they don’t necessarily need to see other people. And I still have to be in this place. Sooner or later they’re going to all be free again, this is all going to be over for them, and for me it’s not.\nSo maybe it’ll help them to realize what I’m asking for, their support and help, and advocating for the immigrant community, and people in sanctuary. We cannot live life forever like this.\nSome of your supporters recently petitioned U.S. Rep. Scott Tipton to sponsor a bill that would provide a legal path to citizenship for you. Any updates on that?\nNo, they went to deliver the petition, and a week later is when all this happened. We went from one reality to a completely surreal moment that we are living in. Of course, I understand people are concerned with how to take care of themselves, this confusion and panic.\nI don’t think that was the moment to push anything. Maybe now people are at home and they have a little more time to help me to push it through a little better. But it’s a new reality. We’re going to start working on it, I know it’s not going to be as we thought it was going to be – the deadline of March 27.\nDo you have advice for self-isolating and staying sane?\nYes. It’s really hard to stop in life when we are fully active and working and in and out and just focusing on working, never have time to rest, really rest mentally and spiritually, rest and take a break. We don’t like to stop. Even if we are saying we’re watching TV, our mind goes crazy.\nI’d like to tell people to really sit, reflect and really let go of the frustration. Because that (frustration) is not going to change anything. That is not going to change the situation. And they are missing a great opportunity to take an understanding of themselves and their loved ones in this forced time of quality time.\nTake the opportunity for learning, but there is also this chance to decompress and sit. There are always things we wish to change or modify or improve or get rid of in our lives. Not only in our surroundings, our environment, but in ourselves. Things that no longer serve us in life. And I think this is a great opportunity, you know.\nAtrapada y Sin Salida (Univision, 1/19/2020)\nUna hispana lleva casi tres años refugiada en una iglesia, pendiente de una orden de deportación y el racismo de sus vecinos\nRosa Sabido creyó tenerlo todo, padres ciudadanos y un permiso de trabajo que parecían allanar el camino para regularizar su estatus migratorio, pero el trámite se dilató y cuando por fin parecía que iba a alcanzar su estatus de residente, su destino se torció.\nPosted by Aquí y Ahora on Sunday, January 19, 2020\nLa muerte de su madre acabó con los sueños de una hispana de convertirse en residente de EEUU\nRosa Sabido dice que luego de llevar 31 meses recluida en un santuario siente que vive en una realidad fuera de todo contexto y que lo que más extraña, es ver a su familia.\nSome Churches Offer Refuge From Deportation With ‘Sacred Resisting’ (Wall Street Journal, 8/4)\nA Guatemalan migrant father tied his daughter’s shoe in a church serving as a shelter for migrants seeking asylum on May 16 in Las Cruces, N.M. PHOTO: MARIO TAMA/GETTY IMAGES\nBy Talal Ansari\nThe decision to open their church to immigrants wasn’t one Pastor Patrick Shebeck and his 700-member congregation in St. Paul, Minn., took lightly.\n“We wanted to be smart about it, so we researched for eight or nine months, sought legal advice and studied the history of sanctuary movements” after the 2016 election, said Pastor Shebeck, of St. Paul-Reformation Lutheran Church.\nThe church eventually took in four people who had applied for asylum in the U.S. and began providing material support for another person who was in the country illegally.\nWhile many white evangelicals remain core supporters of President Trump and his policies, some churches around the U.S. are taking a different path. As the Trump administration increases immigration enforcement, some congregations are joining synagogues and other religious institutions in opening their doors to provide sanctuary to asylum seekers and illegal immigrants.\nIn Minnesota alone, around 60 congregations provide sanctuary or supporting services to immigrants living in the U.S. illegally. Nationally, that number is estimated to be around 1,000, according to Church World Service, a faith-based aid organization. More than 70 synagogues around the country have committed to helping immigrants and asylum seekers, according to T’ruah, a Jewish human-rights organization.\n“We’re calling it sacred resisting,” said Rev. Noel Andersen, the grass-roots coordinator for Church World Service.\nWith the number of families crossing the U.S.-Mexico border surging to new records, Mr. Trump is trying new policies to restrict migration.\nMr. Trump signed an executive order in early 2017 allowing the government to fine undocumented immigrants who remain in the U.S. and the people who assist them.\nOther new policies include barring asylum claims from people who have crossed through at least one other country on their way to the U.S. and expanding “expedited removal,” or deportation, policy.\nRosa Sabido came to the U.S. from Mexico in 1987 and first sought refuge at Mancos United Methodist Church, in Colorado, in June 2017. She wanted to avoid being deported after her stay-of-removal request was denied. For more than 750 days since then, Ms. Sabido said, she hasn’t set one foot over the church’s property line. She hasn’t had a medical checkup at a doctor’s office, shopped in a store or even taken a stroll around the block.\nRosa Sabido, a Mexican national, has been sheltered at Mancos United Methodist Church in Colorado, for more than two years. PHOTO: JERRY MCBRIDE/THE DURANGO HERALD/ASSOCIATED PRESS\n“I have never left this place. Even to think about leaving in an emergency or extreme circumstances, it really gets me nervous and fills me with fear and panic,” Ms. Sabido said.\nImmigration and Customs Enforcement deported 256,085 undocumented immigrants in fiscal 2018, a 13% increase from the previous year and comparable to the number of deportations during former President Obama’s last year in office.\nIn mid-July, as fears of ICE raids spread, there was an uptick in the number of families seeking sanctuary, said Minister JaNaé Bates, communications director for Isaiah, a coalition of faith groups in Minnesota. “It almost always coincides with the executive orders and threats of harm to immigrant families,” she said, referring to enforcement raidsand the administration’s family-separation policy, among other things.\nA spokesman for ICE said the agency continues to focus its limited resources on those who pose the greatest threat to public safety. “ICE only conducts targeted enforcement,” he said.\nMany cities and counties around the U.S., however, no longer detain low-risk illegal immigrants just because the ICE asks. The sanctuary-city movement is challenging the crackdown on illegal immigration and putting local governments at odds with the administration. President Trump has threatened to withhold federal money from sanctuary cities and floated the idea of relocating detained immigrants to those cities.\nChurches have long served as places of refuge, from sheltering escaped slaves as part of the Underground Railroad to providing safe haven for Central Americans fleeing conflict. Often, they have done so with little interference from the government.\nIn 2011, ICE designated religious institutions as “sensitive locations,” with protections from immigration enforcement. Still, not every church has embraced the sanctuary approach for undocumented immigrants.\n“There are, of course, going to be folks who are going to say this is plain wrong, and others who see this as decidedly too political and radical,” said Ruth M. Melkonian-Hoover, a professor of political science at Gordon College, in Wenham, Mass., who co-wrote a book on the divisions within evangelicalism over immigration politics.\nWhite evangelical Protestants, in particular, remain a strong core of Mr. Trump’s base. Almost three-quarters of white evangelicals support a wall expansion along the U.S.-Mexico border, according to a January 2019 survey by Pew Research Center.\nChurch leaders, even if they agree with providing sanctuary for the undocumented in principle, may believe their own congregation’s time is better spent aiding immigrants in other ways, such as providing legal assistance, Dr. Melkonian-Hoover said.\nNow, many seeking refuge in churches face the possibility of fines.\nCiting the Immigration and Nationality Act, ICE since last December has been issuing civil fines of up to $500 a day to people who have been ordered to leave the country or who have been granted voluntary departure but failed to leave, an agency spokesperson said.\n“To me, it’s a war against the poor,” said Jim Rigby, pastor of St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church in Austin, Texas. An undocumented Guatemalan immigrant and her son, who have been taking shelter in his church for the past two years, received a notification that they were fined $303,620 by ICE in July.\n“The fines that they’ve sent out, the only purpose of that is fear,” Pastor Rigby said.\nThe ICE spokesman said, “Unlawfully present foreign nationals are subject to arrest and removal regardless of how long they remain within a designated sensitive location.”\nFor congregations that have decided to offer sanctuary, the choice isn’t necessarily informed by politics, but by faith. “Jesus himself was a refugee, Mary and Joseph were refugees,” said Pastor Shebeck, of St. Paul-Reformation Lutheran Church.\nWrite to Talal Ansari at Talal.Ansari@wsj.com\nWhat is the Sanctuary Stories Project?\nJuly 30, 2019 RBH\nLearn more about this project:\nhttps://aldianews.com/articles/culture/immigration-stories/sanctuary-stories-sheds-new-light-immigrants-journeys/55975\nDemocracy Now interview, July 15, 2019\nLiving in exile: In February, Rosa Sabido will complete 600 days in sanctuary\nMarch 2, 2019 RBH\nRosa Sabido, who has been living in sanctuary in the Mancos United Methodist Church since 2017, shows where she kisses the hands of a statue of the Virgen Guadalupe that belonged to her mother. Photo by Janneli F. Miller\nFour Corners Free Press, January 2019\nBy Janelli Miller\nIn mid-February, Rosa Sabido will mark her 600th day of living in sanctuary in the Mancos United Methodist Church.\nWhat does it mean to live in sanctuary? And why would someone make a choice to do such a thing?\nThe church accepted Sabido on Friday, June 2, 2017. She is there because she does not want to be deported, something which is happening to people who check in for routine appointments with ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement).\nSabido, who speaks perfect English, was born in Mexico, but has spent most of her life in the United States, arriving in 1987 at age 23 for the first time, to visit her parents. She obtained a visitor visa.\nHer mother, Blanca, who had divorced Sabido’s biological father when Sabido was ten, came to the United States in the early 1980s, and married Roberto Obispo, an agricultural worker living in the U.S. as a lawful permanent resident in Cortez. Obispo became a U.S. citizen in 1999, and filed papers that allowed Blanca to become a citizen in 2001. However, at that time, immigration law did not allow Sabido to be included as a family member.\nWhen people hear about Mexicans living in the U.S. or seeking sanctuary to avoid deportation, many ask, “Why don’t they follow the laws and become a legal citizen?” But the pathway is often arduous, even impossible.\nSabido, now 53, wants people to know she is not a criminal. She has been trying to follow the complex immigration laws and become a legal U.S. citizen for more than 20 years. During that time the laws and regulations have changed, with each change bringing a new set of procedures to comply with.\nThank you for a special day\nJune 5, 2018 RBH\nDeseo agradecer a todas las personas que asistieron a la Verbena y contribuyeron a hacer de este evento un momento hermoso, compartiendo con amigos y la comunidad. Este dia especial estuvo lleno de luz que salia del brillo de sus almas, con un atmosfera increible, vibrante y llena de color.\nGracias por todo el amor que recibi.\nI would like to thank all the people who attended the Verbena and helped me to make of the event a beautiful time, sharing with friends and community. This special day was filled with light coming from the sparkle of your souls, it was an amazing atmosphere, vibrant and colorful.\nThanks for all the love\nKOB4 New Mexico: Woman marks one year of sanctuary in Colorado church\nMay 23, 2018 RBH\nMeg Hilling\nMANCOS, Colo. – Fear of deportation has forced one woman to go church.\nFor almost a year, the Mancos United Methodist Church has provided Rosa Sabido sanctuary and a home.\n“I just came blindly but looking with the conviction that I will fight until the end,” she said. “In that moment it was not easy. I didn’t know if I was to pack for one week or if I had to pack up for a year.”\nThe People’s Resolution: Creating a Path Forward on Immigration\nIn the summer of 2017, more people had claimed Sanctuary in Colorado than any other state. That fall, four of us, Araceli, Ingrid, Rosa and Sandra, began to support one another across the miles. As we gathered our communities together, we identified a hunger to name the concrete steps elected officials can take now to Create a path to Status. The Sanctuary Four began consulting with lawyers, immigrant and faith communities to pull together simple, direct steps at the federal and state level to keep Colorado whole and strong. The People’s Resolution is the result of five months of work and study.\nWe know a majority of fellow Coloradans, regardless of political party, support creating a path and revamping our immigration system to be just, efficient and transparent. We invite Coloradans to walk with us to Create a Path. Endorse the Resolution and commit to action. Learn more and join us in engaging your local elected officials, businesses and faith communities.\nThe Resolution calls on the Colorado delegation, the Colorado legislature and the Governor to take steps now. Our families and communities will not wait.\nThe Washington Post tells Rosa’s story\nPhoto by Melina Mara/The Washington Post\nBy Stephanie McCrummen\nInside a tiny Colorado church, a woman who had been taking refuge for nearly nine months was sitting by a window, watching the snow drift down. She watched for an hour, then another, reminding herself for the 257th day in a row why she had chosen to be here, when there was a knock at the door.“Rosa?” called a voice from the hallway, and then she remembered. Today was the day of the surprise.\nRead the whole story\nSouthwest Discovered Q&A with Rosa Sabido in sanctuary\nMarch 24, 2018 RBH\nWhen we photographed her, it was nine months to the day she found sanctuary in a small Southwestern church to avoid deportation. The community she has been a part of for thirty years has rallied in support, and people speak of her with words like kind, a nurturer, strong in her faith, a great sense of humor, and humble. They have started a website called Rosa Belongs Here where they have vowed to stand by her.\nRead the full interview\nMancos church honors Sabido, Vizguerra during Las Posadas\nDecember 27, 2017 RBH\nOne of Time magazine’s 100 most influential people visits Mancos\nThe United Methodist Church on December 23, 2017, hosted Las Posadas, a Mexican Christmas tradition that re-enacts Mary and Joseph’s search for shelter before the birth of Jesus.\nJeanette Vizguerra, an immigration activist from the Denver area who spent 86 days in sanctuary earlier this year, spoke during the event.\nAfter Las Posadas and a meet-and-greet with Rosa Sabido and Vizguerra, guests were invited to stay for a community Christmas dinner.\nLas Posadas is a celebration traditionally held in Mexico during the Advent season. Two people dressed like Mary and Joseph go to different houses in a town each night and sing a song asking for shelter. The resident of each house sings another song denying the request, until the couple reaches the house belonging to the designated stable owner, who finally invites them in.\nThe ceremony in Mancos was an abridged version.\nThe crowd split into two groups, one going around to each door asking for a place to stay, the other singing from inside and rejecting them, until the last door.\nAfter Las Posadas, everyone gathered in the yard to watch children tear down a piñata.\n“How can I feel not loved with this many people,” Sabido said. “It brings some good into the sadness. Seeing their smiling faces happy and coming to be with me is wonderful.”\nSabido also highlighted that much like the event earlier this year that marked her first 100 days in sanctuary, this was a celebration of the community, not her.\n“It is a celebration, not my celebration, a celebration of the community,” Sabido said.\nAccording to a news release from the church, Dec. 19 was be the 200th day since Sabido, a Cortez resident, claimed sanctuary to avoid deportation. But the posada event was scheduled to coincide with Vizguerra’s visit. She visited Mancos as part of a tour through several Colorado sanctuary churches around the Christmas season.\nVizguerra is the founder of MUJERR, an advocacy group for migrant women. In April, she was named one of Time magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world for 2017.\nThe two women have been talking for months, sharing words of encouragement.\n“In the past, I have one promise for Rosa, to come and support her case,” Vizguerra said in an interview with The Journal. “In the state of Colorado, there are five people in sanctuary, and one is Rosa. Rosa is part of the sanctuary movement, and it is very important to me to support Rosa’s case.”\nVizguerra said that with the current administration, her advocacy has become more difficult.\n“In this moment, it is very important for people living in sanctuary and for resistance to cases,” Vizguerra. “Your house is here, your family is here, and your community is here.”\nWhen asked what is next in her advocacy campaign, Vizguerra promised to continue fighting for immigrant rights, even harder in the new year.\nRosa Sabido – a video of her 100 days in sanctuary\nSeptember 25, 2017 RBH\nRosa Sabido marks 100 days at Mancos sanctuary\nMancos residents gathered at the town’s United Methodist Church on Sunday to honor Cortez resident Rosa Sabido’s 100th day in sanctuary there.\nSabido, a Mexican national, was told in May that her application for a one-year stay of removal was denied by Immigration and Customs Enforcement. She was ordered to leave the country or face deportation. She has lived at the United Methodist Church in Mancos since June 2 and hopes to buy herself enough time to apply for another stay of removal and continue to seek permanent residency. She has spent the past 100 days seeking legal options to avoid deportation.\nAs dusk fell on the small town, about 50 area residents, local religious leaders and friends of Sabido gathered outside the church around a wood-burning stove during a candlelight vigil in support of the woman and the congregation. Several people read poems, sang songs or delivered messages of encouragement. Some wrote down prayers on cards that the church provided and threw them into the stove to symbolize sending them to God. Others put symbolic items or personal notes on an altar.\nSabido said that, in some ways, the past few months have felt like “100 years.” Fearing deportation, she hasn’t left the church fellowship hall, but she said regular visits and gifts from her neighbors have been a continual source of encouragement.\n“People have carried me through … these 100 days,” she said. “They haven’t let me feel the burden of solitude.”\nEver since Sabido arrived at the church, several members have worked to raise money and awareness of her plight through social media and events such as Mancos’ Grand Summer Nights arts and community gathering. Proceeds from the sale of T-shirts and greeting cards with the slogan “Rosa Belongs Here” have help to pay her mortgage and legal bills, church staff said, and several people have donated food and other necessities to make her time at the church more comfortable. A legal committee is gathering signatures for a petition asking U.S. Rep. Scott Tipton, R-Cortez, to sponsor a bill that would grant Sabido legal residency.\nAt Sunday’s vigil, Sabido and her supporters acknowledged her journey is far from over. Sabido said she doesn’t expect the bill to pass before the end of the year, even if Tipton agrees to support it. United Methodist’s pastor, the Rev. Craig Paschal, and his congregation reaffirmed their commitment to shelter Sabido for as long as necessary. Paschal said he also wanted to use the vigil as a way to show support for immigrants across the United States.\n“We would also like to extend, not only healing and restoration for (Sabido), but for all immigrants, as well as all of us,” he said. “We are standing here in love for our neighbor, and our neighbor is the entire world.”\nPaschal asked attendees to offer prayers for themselves, their communities and the nation.\nSeveral speakers mentioned their concern over tightened U.S. immigration policy, particularly since President Donald Trump’s administration announced on Sept. 5 that he plans to phase out the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program. DACA was instituted by President Barack Obama’s administration in 2012 as a way to allow people who were brought to the U.S. illegally as children to apply for work permits and Social Security numbers. It is available only to people who came to the U.S. before their 16th birthday, have continually resided in the country since June 15, 2007, and have no criminal record, among other requirements. According to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, DACA is no longer accepting new applicants.\nBut while attendees brought up a few other political issues, Sabido’s plight was the focus. Several of her friends and neighbors spoke about their ongoing prayers for her and promised to sign the petition on her behalf. Local singers, including busker Donna Joerg and Julie Hartline, who directs a women’s singing circle in which Sabido participates, led attendees in songs as varied as “Amazing Grace” and Bob Dylan’s “Blowin’ in the Wind.”\nJoerg said she has tried to spread the word about Sabido as she sings on the street and in other public places.\n“You’re already out of here,” she told her. “You’re in so many places.”\nSabido came to the U.S. from Mexico in 1987 as a visitor to live with her stepfather, Manuel Sabido, who is a legal resident. She took a job as a housekeeper at the Days Inn hotel in Cortez, and later worked for several years each at the Ute Mountain Casino and H&R Block. According to a timeline provided in June by her immigration attorney, Jennifer Kain-Rios, Sabido made several trips to Mexico in the 1990s on a travel visa, and one of those trips lasted longer than 90 days. That broke the 10-year streak of continuous residency required by U.S. immigration law, disrupting one avenue she could have used to acquire permanent legal status. She applied for permanent residency in 2001, but her petition is still pending. In the meantime, she has dodged several deportation orders and been granted six one-year stays of removal. Her application this year for a seventh one-year stay of removal was declined for unknown reasons.\nRosa Sabido claiming sanctuary at a Mancos church is the next chapter in Colorado’s sanctuary movement\nAugust 12, 2017 RBH\nPhoto By Joe Amon/The Denver Post\nRosa Sabido 53, pauses while telling of her experiences trying to remain in the United States at the Mancos United Methodist Church on July 12, 2017. From being denied using her visitor visa to crossing the border, legal maneuverings, granted many application’s for stay of removal and now living in sanctuary, it’s a very crooked path she’s been walking, just trying to find a way home. Photo by Joe Amon – The Denver Post\nDenver Post article written by Jenn Fields. Read the full story here.\nFrom church sanctuary, Colorado woman defies ICE\nPhoto by Lucy Nicholson\nPhotography by Lucy Nicholson. Reporting by Ben Gruber\nFor nearly two months since taking sanctuary at the United Methodist Church in Mancos, a small town in the mountains of southwest Colorado, Sabido, 53, has lived in a cramped room with a makeshift shower. She sleeps beneath a mural of Noah’s Ark in what used to be the church nursery.\nSabido leaves her room to use the toilet, or stretch her legs in the garden, or attend worship services, but if she steps off church property she risks arrest by Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents.\nRead the full story and view a photo slideshow here.\nRosa Sabido: Immigration reform must address cases like hers\nJuly 8, 2017 RBH\nDurango Herald editorial, July 8, 2017.\nRosa Sabido, now receiving sanctuary in a Mancos church since her last application to stay in the country was denied, is not an example of problems caused by uncontrolled immigration. For the past 30 years, she has been gainfully employed, has paid taxes and has been an upstanding member of the community.\nShe is, though, the face of one large and often-undiscussed group of immigrants: those who have contributed to their community and the economy and who have tried to follow the rules that would allow them to remain in this country legally, but who, for a variety of reasons – some logical and some arcane – have come up short. These are the intended beneficiaries of immigration reform, which has languished on the national agenda for years. Unfortunately, a nuanced view of the complex issue, necessary for true and lasting progress, does not fit well into campaign speeches.\nRead the full editorial here.\n“A Pastor and an Immigrant Seeking Sanctuary Tell Their Stories”\nFrom an interviewed posted July 4, 2017, at ksjd.org.\nFew immigration cases in the United States are simple. That includes the case of Mexican immigrant Rosa Sabido, who is taking sanctuary at the Mancos United Methodist Church as she sorts out her immigration status. She can’t become a citizen because a large backlog in citizenship applications has made the wait to receive citizenship longer than the time she can legally remain in the U.S. After a long and complicated process of applying to various visas and work permits that allowed her to live and work in the U.S. legally for over 20 years, until she was arrested after an immigration court denied a request to review her case. She has since been allowed to stay in the U.S. after receiving six Stays of Removal, which have delayed her deportation by one year each. But in April, ICE denied her most recent stay of removal and instead issued an Order of Deportation, which brought her to the church to stay while she and her lawyer consider other options. When KSJD’s Austin Cope went to the church to talk with Sabido and the church’s pastor, Craig Paschal, they didn’t talk about Rosa’s immigration status– at least not at first.\nListen to the interview\nLos Angeles Times: \"In a small-town Colorado church, an immigrant facing deportation finds sanctuary and friendship\"\nFrom a July 4, 2017, article that appeared in the Los Angeles Times:\nA small piece of paper hangs above a bed in the pastor’s office at the Mancos United Methodist Church. It’s a sign-up sheet with the names of local residents committed to watching over Rosa Sabido, a Mexican national who has found sanctuary from deportation in the Colorado church. The residents sleep in the church office, while Sabido rests in a separate room normally used as a children’s nursery.\n“We are here in case someone should show up at night or just to comfort her,” Joanie Trussel, a local resident whose name was on the list of volunteers, said recently. “We don’t want her to be alone.”\nFor the last 30 years, Sabido has lived in the U.S. on visitor visas or by receiving stays of deportation, but she was denied a stay in May and became eligible for immediate deportation.\nHigh Country News: Small towns are the place to challenge immigration policyFrom a June 30, 2017, opinion piece that appeared on High Country News\nJune 30, 2017 RBH\nBy Maddy Butcher\nRosa Sabido finds sanctuary from immigrant detention in a politically divided town.\nThis month, Rosa Sabido, a 53-year old woman of “impeccable character,” became the 11th person nationwide currently in sanctuary in a church. The other churches providing sanctuary sit in metropolitan areas such as Albuquerque, Chicago and Phoenix. The next smallest congregation is in Las Cruces, New Mexico, a city of 98,000.\nBy comparison, the Mancos United Methodist Church, which sits on a quiet road off Highway 160 in Mancos, Colorado, and has 55 members, seems tiny and vulnerable.\nPress Conference at Mancos United Methodist Church in Mancos, Colorado\nMOTUS Theater presents Women of Resolution, Thursday, Sept. 24, 7 p.m.\nCopyright © 2022 Rosa Belongs Here","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1423716"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9873782992362976,"wiki_prob":0.9873782992362976,"text":"Nicola Sturgeon rejects warning of 'hard border' between independent Scotland and UK\nBy Simon Johnson, Scottish Political Editor 16 August 2016 • 3:13pm\nCredit: PA/Nicola Sturgeon plays in the sand pit with P1 pupils during a visit to Burnfoot Community School, Hawick\nNicola Sturgeon has dismissed warnings from one of her former ministers that an independent Scotland would face a “hard border” with England despite previously predicting that the UK will impose immigration restrictions from the EU.\nThe First Minister rejected arguments by Alex Neil that keeping an open border between a separate Scotland in the EU and the remainder of the UK would be “very difficult to achieve.”\nShe said there is no reason for anyone to suggest border posts are \"inevitable\" after Theresa May indicated she wants to maintain an open border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.\nBut Professor Michael Keating, chair in Scottish politics at the University of Aberdeen, warned the English would be extremely concerned at an independent Scotland becoming a “back door” for EU immigration.\nHe said Ms Sturgeon cannot rule out the possibility of border controls until the terms of the Brexit agreement are known and it could be “extremely difficult” to avoid them.\nLast month, the First Minister delivered a keynote speech warning that the UK is heading for a “hard” Brexit, which she defined as being outside the EU single market with restrictions on “free movement” from the member states.\nDespite also saying a second independence referendum is highly likely, she is yet to specify how a separate Scotland could have open borders with both the European Union and the UK if that is the type of Brexit deal that is reached.\nFormer Scottish Health Minister Alex Neil has warned against staging a second independence referendum on the back of Brexit Credit: Stuart Nicol Photography\nMs Sturgeon was challenged about Mr Neil’s views as she visited Hawick, 15 miles from the English border, to announce extra education spending in deprived areas.\nShe said: \"I don't want to see a hard border between Scotland and England any more than people in Ireland want to see a hard border between the north and south. We've heard the Prime Minister say she is not prepared to have a hard border with Ireland.\n\"If it can be avoided there then, regardless of what might or might not happen with Scotland's future, there's absolutely no reason for anybody to be suggesting that that is inevitable here either.\"\nShe admitted that she did not yet know what the UK Government’s goals will be in the Brexit negotiations and said her administration was trying to keep Scotland in the EU.\nBut Prof Keating, who is also director of the Economic and Social Research Council’s Centre on Constitutional Change, said the English-Scottish border would be a more difficult situation to resolve than Ireland.\nHe warned that it would be “extremely difficult to add up” Scotland having an open border with England but the UK imposing restrictions on EU immigration. The academic said the UK has a “very hard attitude” to borders.\nMr Neil, who served in the Scottish Cabinet under Ms Sturgeon and Alex Salmond, warned last week that the nationalists will struggle to win a second independence referendum if there is the prospect of a hard border with England.\nContrary to Ms Sturgeon’s claims that independence could mean Scotland avoiding leaving the EU, he warned there was “little chance” of this happening because negotiations on Scottish entry could only start after Brexit had been completed.\nHe expressed scepticism that Scotland would be swept to independence on an “emotional tidal wave” following the Brexit vote, warning that a rerun of the 2014 vote risked a devastating defeat that would put the nationalist cause “on the back burner for generations.”\nBrexit,\nEU Referendum,\nEuropean Union,\nNicola Sturgeon,","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1520586"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5819628238677979,"wiki_prob":0.41803717613220215,"text":"Cirriculum Vitae\nExplorable Explanations\nFlickrMap\nmxplx\nThe Safeguard, A Creative Commons Comic Book Script\nPosted on 24th July 2008 by Ryan Somma in Creative Commons Works\nPosting this on the off-chance that there is an aspiring comic artist out there who might be interested in collaborating with an aspiring writer. I had found a fantastic cartoonist to work with me on this project, but, unfortunately, real life was making too many demands on his time, but this is our start.\nThe Safeguard is a mostly-comedic comic that will have a few, very dramatic issues after characters are established. It follows Nisha, Ziggy, and Arnis, three average people trying to play superheroes in the real world and dealing with issues of morality and seriousness of vigilantism, no matter how good the intentions. They battle Caleb, a teen who hasn’t figured out where he fits in, and decides to become the Safeguard’s arch-nemesis. Eventually, an amateur superhero fad takes place in the city.\nThe Safeguard is licensed under a\nCreative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License.\nI’m giving this an open CC license. Take it, rewrite it, make money off it, anything you like. Please keep my name in the credits, and if you are serious, I’ll be happy to write additional issues or outline where this story is going.\nScript for Issue 1 of The Safeguard in Microsoft Word Format: this version has pics of Ziggy’s yoga poses.\nScript for Issue 1 of The Safeguard in Text Format\nHere’s some character sketches from Robert Ricobaldi. Click on any for larger images. As much as I love these for capturing the way I envisioned the characters perfectly, artists are free to interpret the characters in their own ways:\nThe Safeguard – Most Detailed Concept Art\nThe Safeguard – Less Cartoony Headshots\nThe Safeguard – More Cartoony Headshots\nThe Safeguard – More Cartoony Version\nThe Safeguard – Full Page Spread\nNeat. The concept reminds me of The Venture Bros., a bit, except with kids.\nBTW, if anyone gave up on The Venture Bros. during season 2, know that the first 4 episodes have all been less funny than every episode after them. S2E05 is where it feels like S1 again.\nComment by ClintJCL — July 24, 2008 @ 2:20 pm\nMaaan… if only I could draw!? Hey, I hear xkcd.com uses mostly stick figures…\n-BMF\nComment by BMF — July 24, 2008 @ 8:39 pm\nRyan Somma has spent 15 years as a professional software developer currently working in Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS). This blog is a variety show of his various nerdy interests, from information science, to Enlightenment philosophy, to science fiction.\nryan at ideonexus.com\nArchives Select Month February 2020 (1) November 2018 (1) October 2018 (1) September 2018 (1) August 2018 (1) July 2018 (1) May 2018 (1) April 2018 (1) March 2018 (1) February 2018 (1) January 2018 (1) April 2016 (1) February 2016 (1) June 2015 (1) December 2014 (1) November 2014 (1) July 2014 (1) February 2014 (1) December 2013 (1) October 2013 (1) September 2013 (1) June 2013 (1) May 2013 (2) February 2013 (2) December 2012 (1) August 2012 (1) July 2012 (2) May 2012 (1) April 2012 (1) March 2012 (2) February 2012 (2) January 2012 (1) December 2011 (2) November 2011 (2) October 2011 (2) September 2011 (5) August 2011 (2) July 2011 (1) April 2011 (2) March 2011 (1) February 2011 (4) January 2011 (2) December 2010 (2) November 2010 (3) October 2010 (2) September 2010 (1) August 2010 (2) July 2010 (3) June 2010 (1) May 2010 (1) March 2010 (3) February 2010 (6) January 2010 (7) December 2009 (3) November 2009 (3) October 2009 (5) September 2009 (6) August 2009 (7) July 2009 (13) June 2009 (18) May 2009 (14) April 2009 (14) March 2009 (17) February 2009 (19) January 2009 (17) December 2008 (16) November 2008 (16) October 2008 (21) September 2008 (22) August 2008 (15) July 2008 (23) June 2008 (27) May 2008 (31) April 2008 (28) March 2008 (35) February 2008 (28) January 2008 (30) December 2007 (26) November 2007 (20) October 2007 (20) September 2007 (30) August 2007 (4) July 2007 (8) June 2007 (5) May 2007 (3) April 2007 (1) March 2007 (8) February 2007 (3) January 2007 (2) December 2006 (2) November 2006 (3) October 2006 (2) September 2006 (4) August 2006 (3) June 2006 (1) May 2006 (2) April 2006 (3) March 2006 (3) February 2006 (3) January 2006 (4) December 2005 (3) November 2005 (4) October 2005 (3) September 2005 (1) August 2005 (3) July 2005 (4) June 2005 (2) May 2005 (2) April 2005 (3) March 2005 (1) February 2005 (3) January 2005 (4) December 2004 (5) November 2004 (7) October 2004 (4) September 2004 (4) August 2004 (4) July 2004 (4) June 2004 (4) May 2004 (5) April 2004 (4) March 2004 (4) February 2004 (6) January 2004 (4) December 2003 (3) November 2003 (6) October 2003 (3) September 2003 (3) September 2002 (1) August 2002 (1) October 203 (1)\nCCBooks\nCC Works\nInfoSci/Geeking\nMore Me\nideowayback\nideonexus.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line581465"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7095136642456055,"wiki_prob":0.29048633575439453,"text":"There are three boxes of Streit’s Passover 100% Whole Wheat Matzos on my kitchen counter. I don’t eat bread during Passover. I don’t eat any chametz (wheat, barley, spelt, oats or rye) for the eight days of the holiday. I’m not particularly observant, but eating matzo and creating a queer/feminist seder help me feel connected to my heritage and to other people who are struggling to be free.\nThe rule to “eat matzoh but nothing else made from flour” makes sense to me. My parents explained that we made matzo because we (the ancient Jews) were fleeing persecution and didn’t have the luxury of letting the bread dough rise and baking it in an oven. Once Moses set foot in the Red Sea there was no turning back. I understood it symbolically, but I wished that matzo tasted like a pancake instead of a burnt cracker.\nUp until this year, I also didn’t eat kitniyot during Passover. Kitniyot are a subgroup of foods that include rice, corn, beans, lentils, and peas. For 800 years, Ashkenazi Jews (from France, Germany, and Eastern Europe) were expected to follow this additional prohibition. Sephardic Jews (from the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa, and the Middle East ) never adopted the restriction on kitniyot.\nThe ban on kitniyot never made sense to me. It meant that during Passover my mother hid the peanut butter and all the candy made with corn syrup. All because the rabbi said not to eat it.\nThe Reform Judaism movement lifted the ban on kitniyot when it was founded (in 1810). The Israeli Conservative movement lifted the ban in 1988, and the US Conservative movement only at the end of 2015. Lifting a ban is not the same as commanding one to eat it; it is an individual decision whether to abstain or to continue with an inscrutable tradition. The Orthodox follow the tradition.\nThis is the first year I’ve purposefully eaten corn, rice, or beans during Passover. Still, when I was pulling together the dinner menu for our first night seder, I cooked without them. Over the weekend I had puffed rice for breakfast. It felt vaguely criminal, as if I was breaking all the rules, or cheating on an exam.\nThe first time you break the rule is the hardest. If you are lucky, you break it enough and it starts to feel right. Then you forget there was, or is, a rule prohibiting it.\nOn Saturday, while still slightly hung over from the four cups of wine at seder, I went shopping at Paragon Sports for a new pair of swim trunks. Last summer was the first summer I let myself wear board shorts and a rash guard to the beach. While I had some self-conscious moments, it was an amazing improvement compared to wearing a women’s racerback Speedo. I had no dysphoria. I gave away my women’s swimsuits. There is no turning back. I decided to treat myself to a splashier pair of trunks.\nI could have shopped online. The advantage of shopping at Paragon Sports is that they have a big selection, all of the men’s and women’s suits are displayed in the same showroom, and there is an all gender dressing room. The disadvantage is that the sales help work on commission and can be pushy. I collected five nice pairs of blue patterned trunks before a saleswoman came up to me and asked “Are these for you?” I responded that they were and that I was ready to try them on. She wanted to know what I was planning to wear them with (hoping she could sell me a two piece women’s suit to go with it). I firmly told her that I was just shopping for trunks to go with last year’s navy blue rash guard. She unlocked a dressing room for me.\nAll of the trunks fit, although they didn’t all look good on me. The best, and least expensive, was a pair of eponymous Trunks with a hibiscus pattern. The saleswoman put her commission sticker on it and tried to sell me a tankini top to go with it. I declined and told her I didn’t need any tops. There is no turning back.\nLast year the beach. This year the beach, a hot springs, a lake, and a swimming pool.\nNotes: Even though I don’t like matzo, Streit’s is my favorite brand. Until recently it was manufactured on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in a decrepit tenement. Streit’s moved to Orangeburg, New York; about an hour north of the city. This article from the New York Times describes their decision to relocate. Donna and I went to see a documentary about Streit’s – you can watch the trailer on YouTube here.\nThis entry was posted in Authenticity and tagged butch, chametz, genderqueer, lesbian, Matzo, non-binary, passover, queer, Streit's, Swimsuit, transgender on April 26, 2016 by Jamie Ray.\n← Magical Thinking The Land of Enchantment →\n8 thoughts on “There Is No Turning Back”\nPlainT April 27, 2016 at 12:26 am\nWe grew up eating kitniot in my house. Nowadays we only even eat loosely kosher at the seder, but we’ll have bread with ham and cheese for breakfast the next morning.\nBut I remember the first time I ever broke kashrut: I was at Whole Foods with my parents and brother, and there were free samples of teddy grahams. I grabbed one and put it in my mouth, forgetting to wonder why it tasted so good. My brother saw and gasped: “What are you doing?!” It took me a second to realize I was eating something non-kosher, and a wave of dread washed over me. He smiled and in typical “cool older brother” form, said: “I’m just teasing, eat whatever you want.” I still kept kosher for several years, but that first break from the rules was when I started to question why we did it.\nJamie Ray Post author April 27, 2016 at 8:57 pm\nMy grandmother (born in Poland) was raised keeping Kosher 24/7 but eventually she started to keep “kosher style”. My mother cooked the way her mother did – and our Passover observance was also “kosher style” we didn’t use separate Passover dishes and us kids drank milk at every meal (no pork or shellfish though – except in restaurants).\nThe inconsistencies were obvious even as a child – but I continued to eat according to the Conservative rulings through the holidays that way – it didn’t really bother me until about day 5 when I got really tired of Matzo and would make snide comments about how it only took 20 minutes to cook rice in the desert. I was very happy this year when I realized I could go to a Mexican restaurant and hit the kitniyot trifecta -corn tortillas, rice, and beans!\nmostcurious April 28, 2016 at 10:10 am\nThere is no turning back. That hits home for me right now. I bought two binders and kept two bras for three weeks, and then the bras went in the trash (they were totally worn to tatters; I’ve always hated buying bras.) While I’m still on the fence about the trauma of surgery and the time off work, deep down I know I’m going to go through with it. There is no turning back.\nYou will know when you are ready. I was on the fence until I had a consultation with a surgeon and then I knew absolutely for sure it was what I wanted. I’d already had knee surgery, fibroid surgery, and a hysto – so I knew what I was getting myself into for surgery – that did make it less scary.\nIf you like how you look in a binder, and can find a binder that is comfortable enough to wear, then there is absolutely no rush forward, but also no turning back.\nFredrication April 29, 2016 at 3:44 pm\nThe things we do out of habit… It’s strange how much we are affected by traditions -wether it’s clothes or foods.\nThere aren’t a lot of Jews where I live, so I just have vaguely knowledge of Jewish traditions. Thank you for enlighten me and expand my horizons beyond the sixth grade book in religion!\nNew York is diverse, with probably every religion and ethnicity represented somewhere in the city. I forget that many places are much more homogeneous. I didn’t learn about other religions in school – the public schools in NYC were “non-secular” but the default for everything was generic Protestant (Christmas, Easter, etc.). I was lucky to have friends from different backgrounds and I learned about holidays at their house (Greek Orthodox, Hindi, Muslim, and Orthodox Jewish),\nFredrication May 1, 2016 at 4:06 am\nThe only religion I met as a child other than Swedish state church Protestantism was Catholicism. But we learn about the five big world-religions, nature religions and a few sub-groups in school. But textbook learning is not the same as meeting, talking and socializing with people of other believes and traditions than your own.\nThankfully we live in a much more diverse society now and I’m happy to know that my daughter will have friends of different faiths and traditions!\nLiam May 3, 2016 at 12:41 pm\nI really, really don’t like matzos, so I hide them in all sorts of fancy (or not-so-fancy) dishes. We always have matzo lasagna on the first night of passover. I made it twice this year, and all of it got eaten, as always.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1808508"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9291130304336548,"wiki_prob":0.9291130304336548,"text":"Symphony Welcomes David Archuleta\nConcerts: Oct 22 & 23 (7PM each night) Tickets Available Now\nAt just 16 yrs old, David Archuleta became a star. In 2008, more than 30 million television viewers fell in love with his angelic voice, making him runner-up in Season 7 of AMERICAN IDOL. His first single Crush, debuted at #2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, eventually going double platinum after selling more than 2 million digital copies worldwide. After a few more albums, appearing as a guest star on The Mormon Tabernacle Choir’s holiday album, and starring in a mini-series in the Philippines, Archuleta (a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) put his singing career on hiatus so he could serve a two-year stint as a missionary outside of Santiago, Chile. Since his return to music in 2014, David successfully began releasing music under his own indie label, Archie Music. Regularly selling out two domestic tours a year and with a total of nine studio albums under his belt, Archuleta now resides in Nashville where he’s able to collaborate with other songwriters and musicians. His most recent album “Therapy Sessions,” which Billboard magazine dubbed as his “most vulnerable music yet,” narrates Archuleta’s lifelong struggle with mental health.\n*Face masks are required while attending this event in accordance with local guidelines. Currently in the state of California, proof of COVID vaccine or a current COVID test is required for those over age 12 for indoor gatherings of over 1,000 people. Ticket-holders will be kept updated on concert requirements.\nThe Temple Hill Symphony Orchestra Welcomes David Archuleta\nMore About David","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line749815"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.74955815076828,"wiki_prob":0.74955815076828,"text":"Angie Motshekga: ANCWL's claims petty\nFormer ANCWL president Angie Motshekga has hit back at her successor Bathabile Dlamini, saying allegations that she's trying to lead from the grave are inappropriate and illogical.\nMinister of Basic Education Angie Motshekga (left) at the ANC national policy conference at Nasrec on 30 June 2017. Picture: Thomas Holder/EWN.\nBathabile Dlamini\nAngie Motshekga\nANCWL\nAfrican National Congress Womens League ANCWL\nHitekani Magwedze & Sifiso Zulu | 1602 days ago\nJOHANNESBURG - Former African National Congress Women’s League (ANCWL) president Angie Motshekga has hit back at her successor Bathabile Dlamini, saying allegations that she's trying to lead from the grave are inappropriate and illogical.\nThe league released a statement at the weekend in which it claimed that Motshekga was hosting events under its banner.\nBut Motshekga has denied the accusations, calling the ANCWL petty.\nResponding to the ANCWL, Motshekga says the league's allegations are silly.\nMotshekga's spokesperson Troy Martens says that the league didn’t make an effort to verify the allegations.\n“What makes this statement even more absurd is that the ANCWL has made no effort to verify the allegations. They sent out a media statement, levelling all sorts of allegations against her. This isn’t the case at all.”\nMotshekga says that she discovered through the media that the league has described her as ill-disciplined.\nShe says she is not aware of any issues between her and the league.\n“As an individual, intellectual and politician, I have the right to freedom of speech. I don’t know what this is about. This problem has not been raised with me.”\nIt is not clear what event the league is referring to, but Motshekga was scheduled to speak at a Women's Day lecture in Free State.\nThis was contained on a Facebook page setup in support of ANC deputy president Cyril Ramaphosa's presidential campaign.\nThe ANCWL has called for a woman to lead the ANC.\n(Edited by Shimoney Regter)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line328800"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7853267192840576,"wiki_prob":0.7853267192840576,"text":"Bipartisan Letter Urges Biden to Support Internet Freedom in Iran\nSupporting the right of Iranians to communicate freely online, unimpeded by Iranian government censorship or U.S. sanctions, is one of NIAC’s top human rights priorities. That is why we are pleased to share the latest step in the campaign to remove U.S. sanctions that have made it easier for the Iranian government to censor and repress its population online.\nLate last week, 21 Members of Congress sent a letter calling on the Biden administration to eliminate sanctions that help block Iranians from accessing a free Internet. The full text of the letter can be found here and also below.\nNIAC chapters across the country urged their Representatives to sign on to the letter, which was backed by both Republicans and Democratic legislators, including House Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Gregory Meeks (D-NY), and Reps. Gerry Connolly (D-VA), Brian Fitzpatrick (R-PA), Ilhan Omar (D-MN), and Tom Malinowski (D-NJ).\nAs detailed in NIAC’s recent report, “The Impact of U.S. Sanctions on Internet Access in Iran,” and expert panel discussion (which can also be viewed below), U.S. sanctions force tech companies including Apple, Google, and Amazon to block Iranians from accessing their tools and services. This has punished Iranian entrepreneurs, cut off tools for Iranians to circumvent government repression, and made it easier for the Iranian government to create a “national internet” to cut off Iranians’ access to the global internet at its discretion.\nThe Congressional letter notes these negative trends and encourages the Biden administration to take necessary steps to “ensure that certain information and communication technologies and Internet connectivity services are available to the Iranian people.” This important bipartisan backing from Congress brings us one major step closer to removing these harmful measures.\nWhen the Iranian-American community comes together, we can do enormous work to protect our rights here at home and champion our values abroad.\nThat’s why we need you to write to President Biden in support of internet freedom. Your voice is integral in pushing the Biden administration to adopt the Connolly-Fitzpatrick letter’s critical recommendations. Take action here >\n2021-10-08 Letter to Treasury and State to Enhance Internet Freedoms in Iran\nMemo: The Humanitarian Impact of U.S. Sanctions on Iran\nNIAC Sends Letter to Treasury Department Highlighting Key Issues with Current U.S. Sanctions Policy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line613641"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9653428196907043,"wiki_prob":0.9653428196907043,"text":"One of the most unusual characters in Packer history is John McNally, whose football alias became his moniker, “Johnny Blood.”\nOne of the most dangerous pass receivers in the pre-Hutson era, he played on four Packer championship teams in seven seasons.\nPlaying semi pro football in the Minneapolis area while attending St. John College, he took the name “Blood” from the movie marquee of a popular Rudolf Valentino picture of the era, “Blood and Sand.”\nTurning pro in 1925, he earned the nickname “The Vagabond Halfback.” He was a Milwaukee Badger in 1925 and part of ‘26, finished the 1926 and ‘27 seasons as a Duluth Eskimo and was a Pottsville (Pa.) Maroon in 1928.\nIn 1929, “Blood” signed on with the Green Bay Packers. In addition to scoring 224 points as a Packer, he also became known for his antics:\n• Jumped across a narrow ledge six stories from the ground to gain access to a Los Angeles hotel room.\n• Fled a towel fight with Lavvie Dilweg by climbing on top of a fast-moving train and crawling across car tops until he reached the engine.\n• Played almost an entire game with a collapsed kidney.\n• Pushed rookie Don Hutson to the limit in a 100-yard dash at age 33.\n• Was rescued by teammates while he was hanging on a ship’s stern flagpole on a Packer trip to Hawaii.\n• Blew the top off a testing machine in a test for lung capacity.\n• Danced, cart-wheeled and delighted a New York night club audience for over an hour.\n• Once ran 50 yards for a touchdown on a lateral and when QB Red Dunn called the same play later in the game, “Blood” simply smiled and lateraled the ball back to Dunn.\nFrom 1937-’39, he was player-coach of the Pittsburgh Pirates. He served in the Army Air Corps in World War II and earned his college degree after the war. Johnny “Blood” McNally was elected as a charter member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1963.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line409072"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6832199692726135,"wiki_prob":0.3167800307273865,"text":"Tag Archives: Dramatic photos of Boeing Commercial Airplanes\nWill The Next Jet Airliner You Fly Be Obsolete, And Ready for Early Retirement?\nPosted on October 15, 2014 by bigpictureone\n
Multimedia eLearning program authored by: David Anthony Johanson © – All written & graphic content on this site (unless noted) was produced by the author. Add: 2.0 For an alternative graphic format presentation, please visit: https://sciencetechtablet.wordpress.com/tag/commercial-jet-airliner-obsolescence/\nThis multimedia essay includes an eLearning program for secondary/post secondary education and community learning. Assessment tool: A quiz and answer key is located at the end of the program. Learning content covered: aerospace/airliner— aerospace engineering, avionics, economics & business, environmental footprint, financing, manufacturing, marketing, obsolescence management, technology. Learning concepts used: Applied Learning, Adult Learning, Competency-based Learning, Critical Thinking, Integrative Learning.Key: Words or phrases italicized are used to focus on essential concepts or terms for enhanced learning and retention.\n[ Disclaimer: David Johanson is a former Boeing scientific photographer and currently has no stock holdings or a financial interest in: Boeing, Airbus or any other companies referenced in this program. Research in this article has been cross referenced using at least three sources, however, all perspectives and opinions represent only the viewpoints of the author.]\nLike seeing a mirage in the distance, shimmering sunlight reflects off rows of metal fuselages densely packed in the summer light. A surreal scene of Boeing jet airliners dominates the view, while forming a metallic wall around sections of a regional airport.\nBillions of dollars worth of jet airliners are now double parked around Paine Field, Snohomish County Airport, in Everett, Washington. “This development indicates the current success, Boeing is having at landing airliner orders and the result you’re seeing represents a record amount of aircraft production,”said Terrance Scott, a spokesman for Boeing Commercial Airplanes.\nHe said the Company is leasing this space from Paine Field so that planes can have the remaining work completed and be ready for delivery to their customers — also, this isn’t unique to Everett, but is happening at Boeing manufacturing facilities at Renton Field and at Boeing Field in Seattle.\n“Boeing has always been a good neighbor and a fine customer for the airport, they are currently leasing areas to park their aircraft and the revenue generated is appreciated.” said Dave Waggoner, Airport Director at Snohomish County Airport — Paine Field.\nThe global economy’s steady growth has increased passenger traffic, which puts pressure on the airlines to purchase new aircraft for satisfying demand. Continued drops in jet fuel prices benefits air travel industry profits, giving further incentives for fleet investments. Additionally, with historically low-interest rates, lending institutions find new opportunities in aviation financing, enabling expansion of corporate sales. However, financing for used planes is another matter. Cash is drying up for previously owned jetliners — which puts pressure to part-out, then scrap relatively newer-used aircraft.\nCould The New Normal Be Shorter Aircraft Service-Life For Airliner Fleets?\nRecently, published reports noted a shift towards an assumed obsolescence and accelerated scraping of newer airliners — well before structural integrity or air worthiness becomes a problem, middle-aged aircraft are experiencing vulnerability to an early end-of-life. Clearly, accelerated scraping of newer aircraft is not due to any structural concerns, but rather, cyclical conditions of the industry. To appreciate these concerns a review of an airliner’s operational lifespan may help clarify some of the issues.\n\nAircraft manufactures use pressurization cycles to determine an airliner’s operational lifespan. A pressurizing cycle includes three distinct aircraft flight activities — takeoff, climbing until it reaches a cruise altitude and then landing. During this process, air is pumped into the fuselage to pressurize the cabin for passenger comfort. This repeated pressurization flexes or expands the fuselage — consequently stress is put on various connecting components, including fasteners and rivets — which helps to hold the structural integrity of the plane together. After a certain number of landing pressurization cycles, stress or metal fatigue can begin to develop, eventually causing small cracks around the fasteners. Pressurization/landing cycles mainly concern the life of an aircraft’s fuselage, wings and landing gear.\nThe interior of fuselage section, showing perpendicular rings, which are called frames.\nMaintenance schedules and lifespan of jet engines are measured in the number of flight hours. Aircraft engines, followed by landing gear and then avionics are the most valuable components for part-out and dismantling specialist operations. Ultimately, engine condition is the major factor in an owner’s decision to part-out an aircraft.\nFor short flights, single or smaller double aisle craft are used to carry passengers, which may go through many landing or pressurization cycles for everyday operations. The more takeoffs and landings, means a shorter operational lifespan for the plane. On long overseas flights, wide body or jumbo jets such as 747s experience fewer landing cycles. These larger airliners, especially ones use for cargo operations can have longer lifespans of upwards of 20 or 30 years. In the U.S., the FAA requires an initial inspection on Boeing 737s, which have 30,000 takeoffs and landings using electromagnetic testing. Mandatory inspections are required for finding cracks in the fuselage or metal fasteners.\nBoeing has a history of ‘over-engineering’ components of its aircraft, which is actually a good thing for ensuring passenger safety and for an extended service-life of the aircraft. Historical evidence of this conservative engineering practice is documented in WWII archival film footage of blown-apart B-17s returning from a mission and safely landing. There are more recent examples of Boeing commercial aircraft surviving dramatic inflight catastrophic failures, with most of the passengers and crew landing safely.\nPhoto-illustration of an aircraft end-of-life center (aircraft boneyard.)\nCompound Forces Working Against Long-Life-Cycle Aircraft\nWhat are the current forces, which hasten the end-of-life of a commercial jet airliner? Recurring cycles or patterns of economic and technological events influences the commercial aircraft industry on a daily basis. Various ripple-effects of these cycles can quickly alter new and used aircraft asset valuation. Airline leasing companies have a major influence, in providing their customers with the aircraft assets they need. Unless the buying customer has solid credit, it’s doubtful they can secure financing for previously-owned airliners. Also, tax incentives exist for Airline companies to use depreciation right-offs by decommissioning all but the most advance aircraft assets.\nMaintenance requirements are a long-term, yet fluid, financial concern for a company’s airline fleet. The newer designed aircraft are manufactured with significantly fewer parts than previous models. Consequently, reduction in parts has an impact on reducing maintenance expenditures — including smaller service crews, hours spent on inspection and a reduction of overall repairs. Also, spare parts inventories for maintaining the aircraft’s optimum performance can substantially be reduced compared to an older aircraft. The cost savings benefits are compelling incentives for eliminating older, higher maintenance, aircraft assets.\nAs mentioned previously, the considerable reduction of parts used in manufacturing newer aircraft provides an immediate benefit of up to 20 percent weight reduction. Without compromising strength or aircraft structural integrity, the cost savings from less weight begins the day an airliner is put into service. Traditionally, fuel-efficiency is the “holy grail” used for selecting an aircraft — the amount of fuel-burn affects the daily operational cost of an airline company. After a decade of service an older airliner reaches mid-life, it may require upgraded and modification conversions to the aircraft’s wings (winglets) or need new fuel-efficient jet engines. However, these conversions reach a threshold of diminishing returns from such investments. As a result, keeping an older aircraft competitive with newer models may not pay off at a certain point. That’s when permanent retirement and parting-out the airliner begins to make economic sense and the aircraft’s end-of-life management begins.\nInevitable Problems Facing Aircraft Electronic Systems (Avionics) Obsolescence\nThe most perplexing problem facing all commercial aircraft is how to ensure its critical avionics systems continue to evolve and stay up-to-date. Avionics provides the central nervous system or a central processing unit (CPU) framework for a commercial aircraft. It’s a marvelous matrix of advanced electronic systems technology, which constantly communicates with itself, the pilots and the outside world. More so than any other components making up an aircraft’s technological system, its management and functionality duties are beyond comparison. Each year avionics components physically contract in size, yet they expand immensely in functionality and system management. \nHere’s an example to help clarify this dichotomy of physical contraction and expansion of technical functionality. Your smartphone can be used as a basic representational model for avionics obsolescence. The phone you’re holding in your hand has a superior mobile graphics processor and sheer number-crunching power advantage over IBM’s Deep Blue supercomputer of the late 1990s. Yet, you can hold your phone in hand, compared to Deep Blue, which was the size of a large refrigerator. However, advanced your smartphone is today, a year from now it’ll be obsolete and two years from now… a quaint antique. If you grabbed your smartphone and considered the example, you just experienced Moore’s law of observation — ‘over the history of computing hardware, the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years.\nNow, imagine trying to update a complex system such as an airliner’s avionics bay, in five-years, 10-years or 15-years. The installation and the majority of electronic systems are not made by the Aircraft’s original equipment manufacturer (OEM) such as Boeing or Airbus. Moreover, the vendors or suppliers 10 or 15-years from now who were the OEM, may be out of business. In the meantime, new replacement components may have to substitute the obsolete equipment. However, the aircraft industry is highly regulated by government agencies, which require strict certification of equipment modifications. As a result of these constraints, aircraft manufacturers such as Boeing, developed obsolescence management strategies to help mitigate these ongoing concerns. But there are always unforeseen obstacles and many moving parts to coordinate before the necessary electronic components are available when needed. Clear, transparent communication is necessary between internal engineering and purchasing departments. Successful collaboration at all levels can present major challenges, especially if the objectives and timetables are not each group’s priority.\nSo aircraft avionics are the vulnerable underbelly of airliner obsolescence — with financial consequences associated with accelerated, technology — necessitating complex and expensive electronic upgrades.\nAirspace Navigation Service Providers (ANSP), which includes the FAA and the European counterpart EASA — have established new mandate requirements for avionic component upgrades. The purpose of this technology is for enhanced data link digital communication, which interacts instantly with aircraft Flight Management Systems (FMS). These requirements include, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), Controller-Pilot Data Link (CPDLC) and the Future Air Navigation System (FANS) enables text messaging and global position through satellite communications. The new civil aviation mandates are part of the next generation air traffic computer technology called NextGen, which represents air traffic infrastructure’s future for the next 10 to 15 years.\nUsed Aircraft Components, Harvested For Premium Returns, Is The Retired Airliners Last Call In Service Before Its Final Destination.\nPerhaps aircraft boneyards are flying under the radar as virtual gold mines, as refurbished parts are easily sold at market value. The savings of buying used, over new aircraft parts is incentive for expanding the market. Engines, landing gear and avionics are the most expensive components of an aircraft. These prized components are a highly valued commodity and are quickly snapped up. Specialized systems are not manufactured by companies such as Boeing or Airbus, but by outside OEM. Parts sold brand new by the manufacturer are considerably more expensive than buying used.\nNext Generation aircraft such as the Boeing 737-600 and even a 737-800, which was reported to have had a hard-landing, reached their end-of-life as scrap. Also, Airbus has had similar, newer single-aisle aircraft models reached their final destination in the aviation boneyard. Aircraft Fleet receivable Association (AFRA) estimates 600 commercial jet airliners are scrapped yearly. By 2023 it’s estimated the number of commercial airliners scrapped will reach 1000 per-year.\nEfforts Of The Aviation Industry To Leave A Smaller Environmental Footprint.\nIn 2008, the Boeing Company reached out to Airbus in collaboration, with the goal to vastly improve aircraft recycling technology. Airbus estimates they are recycling 85 percent of the entire aircraft, the remaining cabin interior amounted to 15 percent and was the only materials added to landfills.\nThe best takeaway from the issues surrounding accelerated airliner service-life is that less fuel is consumed by the newer fleets. As older, less efficient aircraft are replaced — a 20 percent reduction in fuel emissions will not enter the atmosphere from the next generation aircraft replacements. If the world’s commercial airline manufactures continue to devote more effort towards efficient recycling of past generation aircraft, we can look forward to clearer skies ahead. ~\nSpecial thanks to The Future of Flight Museum, for allowing photos to be taken from their excellent observation deck.\nhttp://www.futureofflight.org\nAerial view of Paine Field Airport looking north.\nAirliner Obsolescence Quiz (Read the entire question before answering.)\n1. ) What three economic incentives are currently influencing airlines to purchase new aircraft for satisfying travel demand? ______________________________________ _________________________________ & _________________________________\n2. ) (True or False) Structural integrity or air worthiness of current generation airliners is the main issue why these aircraft are being retired early. _______ If you answered false, give at least one other reason why this is occurring. ____________________________ _____________________________________________________________________\n3. ) Aircraft manufactures use, what type of ___________ cycles to determine an airliner’s operational lifespan?\n4. ) Name the three distinct aircraft flight activities used to determine an airliner’s operation lifespan? _________________________ __________________________ ____________________________________________\n5. ) Maintenance schedules and lifespan of jet engines are measured in the ________________ hours.\n6. ) Aircraft _________ followed by ____________ and then ___________ are the most valuable components for the part-out and dismantling specialist operations. Fill in the blanks above by selecting the proper order of component value, using the following list: (bulk heads) (wire bundles) (avionics) (engines) (landing gear)\n7. ) Selecting from the choices listed below, which aircraft will typically experience more pressurization cycles and why? A or B ____________ A. Jumbo jet (larger, multi isle aircraft) which is used for longer, overseas flights. B. Smaller, single isle jet airliners, which are used more for shorter, domestic flights. Now explain why? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 8. ) Multi-isle airliners or jumbo jets, used for longer international flights or for cargo operations can have life cycles of upwards of ____ – ____ years. Select the best match from these sets: 5 − 15, 10 − 15, 20 − 30, 30 − 40 years.\n9. ) Explain why a larger commercial jet airliner, which flies longer over-sea routes, would have a longer operational life than a smaller aircraft, which is used on much shorter routes? __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________\n10. ) What procedure is required by the FAA for a Boeing 737 airliner, which completes 30,000 takeoffs and landings? _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________\n11. ) The newer designed aircraft are manufactured with significantly fewer parts than previous models, list at least two reasons why this is an advantage and would make older aircraft obsolete? _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________\n12. ) What aircraft component traditionally has been considered the “holy grail” used by the airline industry for selecting an aircraft? _____________________________________\n13. ) When permanent retirement and parting-out the of an airliner begins to make economic sense, what form of management begins for that aircraft? ____________________ Select one of the following: end-of-days, end-of-life, retirement cycle, recycle phase.\n14. ) What critical system of an airliner is considered its “central nervous system” or CPU for overall control of the aircraft? ________________________________ Give at least two reasons why this system contributes to a jet becoming obsolete? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________\n15. ) Approximately how many aircraft are permanently retired or scrapped in a year? __________________ By 2023, how many aircraft are expected to be scrapped? _____________________\n16. ) Regarding commercial aircraft recycling technology, what percentage does Airbus estimate it is recycling of the entire airliner ___ 40 %, 65 %, 75 % or 85 % What percent of the aircraft is not recyclable ___ 60 %, 50 %, 25 %, or 15 % What part of the airliner is not recyclable ____________________ and where does it end up? _______________\nAnswer key is located at the very bottom, after program sources & related links\nSources & Related Subject Matter Links\nThis link shows live air traffic anywhere in the world. View how congested the sky’s are over the world’s busiest airports.\nhttp://www.flightradar24.com/47.79,-122.31/7\nAircraft Bluebook – Used for aviation asset valuation\nhttp://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/aircraft_economic_life_whitepaper.pdf\nhttp://marketline.squarespace.com\nhttp://www.boeing.com/boeing/companyoffices/aboutus/brief/commercial.page\nhttp://www.airbus.com/innovation/eco-efficiency/aircraft-end-of-life/\nhttp://www.airspacemag.com/need-to-know/what-determines-an-airplanes-lifespan-29533465/?no-ist\nhttp://www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_cert/design_approvals/air_software/media/ObsolescenceFinalReport.pdf\nhttp://aviationweek.com/awin/nextgen-obsolescence-driving-avionics-refurbs\nhttp://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/jun/11/boeing-commercial-planes-double-asia-pacific\nhttp://www.airliners.net/aviation-forums/general_aviation/read.main/5740876/\nhttp://avolon.aero/wp/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Aircraft_Retirement_Trends_Outlook_Sep_2012.pdf\nArticle & photos on U.S. aircraft boneyards\nhttp://www.johnweeks.com/boneyard/\nhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2336804/The-great-aviation-graveyard-New-aerial-images-hundreds-planes-left-die-American-deserts.html\nArticle, photos & interactive map of U.S. aircraft boneyards\nhttp://www.airplaneboneyards.com/commercial-aviation-airplane-boneyards-storage.htm\nExcellent aerial video of Airplane Graveyard (Mojave Airport, California)\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RjaoR7Zk2s\nAirliner Obsolescence Quiz Answer Key\n1. ) Satisfying increased travel demand Fuel cost savings & Historically, low-interest rates for financing new aircraft\n2. ) True Newer aircraft are replacing airworthy, older aircraft due to much less operating cost, including fuel savings and maintenance issues.\n3. ) Pressurization or Landing cycles\n4. ) Takeoff Climbing to cruise altitude Landing\n5. ) Number of flight hours\n6. ) Engines landing gear avionics\n7. ) B Shorter service routes typically involve more landing and takeoffs as the airliner satisfies domestic travel demand\n8. ) 20 − 30\n9. ) An airliner flying overseas route would most likely have fewer takeoffs and landings, due to the longer flight time required to reach its destination\n10.) Electromagnetic testing for finding cracks in the fuselage or related components\n11.) Fewer parts can result in an airliner weighing up to 20 percent less than older models, which can correlate to the same percentage of fuel savings. The maintenance cost is substantially lower allowing for more savings over older aircraft with more component parts.\n12.) Fuel-efficiency\n13.) End-of-life\n14.) Avionics electronic components used for avionics may not be available or upgradeable due to obsolescence upgrading obsolete avionics may require expensive redesign\n15. ) Up to 600 1000\n16. ) 85 % 15 % Cabin interiors Landfills\nPosted in Aerospace engineering, aerospace multimedia presentation, Aerospace technology, Airline Safety, Aviation aerospace stories, Aviation blog with text and photos, Aviation event photo essay., aviation multimedia presentation, Blended learning, Blended learning website, Blog with text and photos, Blog with text and video, Boeing History, Critical thinking, Discover Pacific Northwest, E Learning, Education, Educational multimedia, Engineering, Environmental, Essay Text with Video, Multimedia journalism, multimedia presentation, multimedia technology essay, Nikon Camera, Nikon digital cameras, Pacific Northwest, Photo Essay, postmodern, Postmodernism, Science & Technology, Scientific Photography, STEM Education, technology, Web based E-Learning\t| Tagged adult learing community learning on education, Adult Learning, Aerospace education, aerospace eLearning, aerospace environmental foot print, aerospace multimedia program, aerospace obsolescence quiz, aerospace technology, Aibus Boeing collaboration, air travel industry profits, Airbus, Airbus environmental foot, Airbus environmental impact, Airbus environmental recycling efforts, aircraft are experiencing vulnerability to early end-of-life, aircraft boneyard, aircraft end of life center, aircraft going to scrap yards, Aircraft maintenance requirements, Aircraft manufactures, aircraft parted-out, aircraft structural integrity, Airline leasing companies expanding, airliner manufacture environmental footprint, Airliner obsolescence, airliners’ operational lifespan, applied learning, aviation blog, Aviation environmental impact, aviation financing, aviation leasing, Avionics Obsolescence, Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Boeing Airbus environmental collaboration, Boeing and Airbus collaboration to recycle commercial aircraft, Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Boeing environmental footprint, Boeing Everett Manufacturing Plant, Boeing invironmenal impact, Boeing jet airliners, Boeing links related to subject, Boeing over engineering practice, Boeing photographer David Johanson, business subject matter, commercial aircraft environmental technology, commercial aircraft life span, commercial Aircraft manufacturing terminology, commercial airline environmental footprint, commercial aviation blog, commercial aviation eLearning, Commercial aviation environmental footprint, commercial aviation fuel efficiency, commercial aviation maintenance, commercial aviation recycling, commercial aviation training and development, Commercial jet airliner obsolescence, Competency-based Learning, critical thinking, CTE subject matter, current generation jet airliner obsolescence, Current Generation Jet Airliners Facing Obsolescence, Dave Waggoner Airport Director at Snohomish County Airport Paine Field, David A Johanson aerospace SME, David A. Johanson eLearning specialist, David A. Johanson historian, David A. Johanson web journalist, David Anthony Johanson Futurist, David Johanson instructional media specialist, David Johanson Multimedia Specialist, David Johanson training and development specialist, David Johanson Vasquez multimedia specialist, dramatic Everett Washington scenes, Dramatic photos of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Dramatic photos of jets taking off from Paine Field, Dramatic photos of Paine Field Airport in Everett, economic incentives causeing teardown of newer aircraft, economics, eLearning quiz, electronic obsolesence, end of life cycle for commercial aircraft, engineering, Everett, FAAMaintenance requirements, factures which limit a commercial jet airliner life cycle, former Boeing Photographer David Johanson, Integrative Learning., jet airliner manufacture environmental foot print, link to Aviation Week, links to jet aircraft scrapyards, links to subject New York Times, Long Form, Maintenance schedules lifespan jet engines, marketing, Moores law, Museum of Future Flight, Next generation aircraft, Number of commercial aircraft scrapped in a year, obsolescence management, OEM, Paine Field Snohomish County Airport Everett Washington, plane spotting Boeing Aircraft from Paine Field Everett, pressurization cycles, pressurization landing cycles, Pressurization/landing, record amount of aircraft production, secondary and post secondary education on commercial aviation and aerosapce, Shorter aircraft life cycle, STEM subject matter, tax incentives exist for Airline, Terrance Scott spokesman Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Terrance Scott spokesman for Boeing Commercial Airplanes, The Future of Flight Museum, Video of aircraft boneyard\t| Leave a reply","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1719909"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.553295910358429,"wiki_prob":0.553295910358429,"text":"In Praise of Utah Phillips\nby David Rovics\nI was watching my baby daughter sleep in her carseat outside of the Sacramento airport about ten hours ago when I noticed a missed call from Brendan Phillips. He’s in a band called Fast Rattler with several friends of mine, two of whom live in my new hometown of Portland, Oregon, one of whom needed a ride home from the Greyhound station. I called back, and soon thereafter heard the news from Brendan that his father had died the night before in his sleep, when his heart stopped beating.\nI wouldn’t want to elevate anybody to inappropriately high heights, but for me, Utah Phillips was a legend.\nI first became familiar with the Utah Phillips phenomenon in the late 80’s, when I was in my early twenties, working part-time as a prep cook at Morningtown in Seattle. I had recently read Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States, and had been particularly enthralled by the early 20th Century section, the stories of the Industrial Workers of the World. So it was with great interest that I first discovered a greasy cassette there in the kitchen by the stereo, Utah Phillips Sings the Songs and Tells the Stories of the Industrial Workers of the World.\nAs a young radical, I had heard lots about the 1960’s. There were (and are) plenty of veterans of the struggles of the 60’s alive and well today. But the wildly tumultuous era of the first two decades of the 20th century is now (and pretty well was then) a thing entirely of history, with no one living anymore to tell the stories. And while long after the 60’s there will be millions of hours of audio and video recorded for posterity, of the massive turn-of-the-century movement of the industrial working class there will be virtually none of that.\nTo hear Utah tell the stories of the strikes and the free speech fights, recounting hilariously the day-to-day tribulations of life in the hobo jungles and logging camps, singing about the humanity of historical figures such as Big Bill Haywood, Joe Hill or Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, was to bring alive an era that at that point only seemed to exist on paper, not in the reality of the senses. But Utah didn’t feel like someone who was just telling stories from a bygone era — it was more like he was a bridge to that era.\nHearing these songs and stories brought to life by him, I became infected by the idea that if people just knew this history in all it’s beauty and grandeur, they would find the same hope for humanity and for the possibility for radical social change that I had just found through Utah.\nThus, I became a Wobbly singer, too. I began to stand on a street corner on University Way with a sign beside me that read, “Songs of the Seattle General Strike of 1919.” I mostly sang songs I learned from listening to Utah’s cassette, plus some other IWW songs I found in various obscure collections of folk music that I came across.\nIt was a couple years later that I first really discovered Utah Phillips, the songwriter. I had by this time immersed myself with great enthusiasm in the work of many contemporary performers in what gets called the folk music scene, and had developed a keen appreciation for the varied and brilliant songwriting of Jim Page and others. Then, in 1991, I came across Utah’s new cassette, I’ve Got To Know, and soon thereafter heard a copy of a much earlier recording, Good Though.\nWhether he’s recounting stories from his own experiences or those of others doesn’t matter. There is no need to know, for in the many hours Utah spent in his troubled youth talking with old, long-dead veterans of the rails and the IWW campaigns, a bridge from now to then was formed in this person, in his pen and in his deep, resonant voice. In Good Though I heard the distant past breathing and full of life in Utah’s own compositions, just as they breathed in his renditions of older songs.\nIn I’ve Got To Know I heard an eloquent and current voice of opposition to the American Empire and the bombing of Iraq, rolled together seamlessly with the voices of deserters, draft dodgers and tax resisters of the previous century.\nIn reference to the power of lying propaganda, a friend of mine used to say it takes ten minutes of truth to counteract 24 hours of lies. But upon first hearing Utah’s song, “Yellow Ribbon,” it seemed to me that perhaps that ratio didn’t give the power of truth enough credit. It seemed to me that if the modern soldiers of the empire would have a chance to hear Utah’s monologues there about his anguish after his time in the Army in Korea, or the breathtakingly simple depiction of life under the junta in El Salvador in his song “Rice and Beans,” they would just have to quit the military.\nUtah made it clear in word and in deed that steeping yourself in the tradition was required of any good practitioner of the craft, and I did my best to follow in his footsteps and do just that. I learned lots of Utah’s songs as well as the old songs he was playing. Making a living busking in the Boston subways for years, I ran into other folks who were doing just that, as well as writing great songs, such as Nathan Phillips (no relation). Nathan was from West Virginia, and did haunting versions of “The Green Rolling Hills of West Virginia,” “Larimer Street,” “All Used Up,” and other songs. In different T stops at the same time, Nathan and I could often be found both singing the songs of Utah Phillips for the passersby.\nTraveling around the US in the 1990’s and since then, it seemed that Utah’s music had, on a musical level, had the same kind of impact that Zinn’s People’s History or somewhat earlier works such as Jeremy Brecher’s book, Strike!, had had in written form — bringing alive vital history that had been all but forgotten. With Ani DiFranco’s collaboration with Utah, this became doubly true, seemingly overnight, and this man who had had a loyal cult following before suddenly had, if not what might be called popularity, at least a loyal cult following that was now twice as big as it had been in the pre-Ani era.\nI had had the pleasure of hearing Utah live in concert only once in the early 90’s, doing a show with another great songwriter, Charlie King, in the Boston area. I was looking forward to hearing him play again around there in 1995, but what was to be a Utah Phillips concert turned into a benefit for Utah’s medical expenses, when he had to suddenly drastically cut down on his touring, due to heart problems. I think there were about twenty different performers doing renditions of Utah Phillips’ songs at Club Passim that night. I did “Yellow Ribbon.”\nTraveling in the same circles and putting out CDs on the same record label, it was fairly inevitable that we’d meet eventually. The first time was several years ago, if memory serves me, behind the stage at the annual protest against the School of the Americas in Columbus, Georgia. I think I successfully avoided seeming too painfully star-struck. Utah was complaining to me earnestly about how he didn’t know what to do at these protests, didn’t feel like he had good protest material. I think he did just fine, though I can’t recall what he did.\nUtah lived in Nevada City, and the last time I was there he came to the community radio station while I was appearing on a show. This was soon after Katrina, and I remember singing my song, “New Orleans,” and Utah saying embarrassingly nice things. I was on a little tour with Norman Solomon speaking and me singing, and we had done an event the night before in town, which Utah was too tired to attend, if I recall.\nMe, Utah, Norman, and my companion, Reiko, went over to a nice breakfast place after the radio show, talked and ate breakfast. Utah did most of the talking, and I was pleasantly surprised to find that his use of mysterious hobo colloquialisms and frequent references to obscure historical characters in twentieth-century American anarchist history was something he did off stage as well as on.\nI’ve passed near enough to that part of California many times since then. Called once when I was nearby and he was out of town, doing a show in Boston. Otherwise I just thought about calling and dropping by, but didn’t take the time. Life was happening, and taking a day or two off in Nevada City was always something that I never quite seemed to find the time for. Always figured next time I’ll have more time, I’ll call him then. It had been thirteen years since he found out about his heart problems, and he hadn’t kicked the bucket yet… Of course, now I wish I had taken the time when I had the chance, and I’m sure there are many other people who feel the same way.\nIn any case, for those of us who knew his music, whether from recordings or concerts, for those of us who knew Utah from his stories on or off the stage, whether we knew him as that human bridge to the radical labor movement of yesterday, or as the voice of the modern-day hobos, or as that funky old guy that Ani did a couple of CDs with, Utah Phillips will be remembered and treasured by many.\nHe was undeniably a sort of musical-political-historical institution in his own day. He said he was a rumor in his own time. No question, one man’s rumor is another man’s legend, but who cares, it’s just words anyway.\nDAVID ROVICS can be reached through his website.\nDavid Rovics is a songwriter, podcaster, and part of Portland Emergency Eviction Response. Go to artistsforrentcontrol.org to sign up to receive text notifications, so you can be part of this effort. Another Portland is possible.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1260898"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5981472730636597,"wiki_prob":0.40185272693634033,"text":"Grand Designs New Zealand – Season 3\nThe stories of creative and enterprising Kiwis who are taking on the challenge of building their own unique and inspirational homes. No design is too ambitious, and no obstacle too large in their quest for the perfect house.\nGenre: Uncategorized\nTMDb: 4.3/10100+\nCountry: NZ\nNetworks: Three\nKeywords:Grand Designs New Zealand\nRelated TV Seasons\nBaby Looney Tunes – Season 2\nThe world’s most beloved animated characters as precocious preschoolers, discovering the world one baby step at a time.\nCountry: CA, US\nThe Ultimate Fighte – Season 23\nThe Ultimate Fighter is a reality television series and mixed martial arts (MMA) competition, originating from the United States. On this show, professional MMA fighters that have yet to make…\nThe Girlfriend Experience – Season 3\nExplore the relationships between exclusive escorts and their clients, for whom they provide far more than just sex. Known as GFEs, they are women who provide “The Girlfriend Experience”—emotional and…\nLone Star Law – Season 8\nFollow Viewers get unprecedented access to the more than 500 agents of Texas Parks and Wildlife wardens who embark on dangerous missions to apprehend those who commit crimes against nature….\nNip Tuck – Season 6\nHotshot plastic surgeons Dr. Sean McNamara and Dr. Christian Troy experience full-blown midlife crises as they confront career, family and romance problems.\nOddbods – Season 1\nStatus: 5456\nTeen Mom UK – Season 5\nWe’ve followed the girls on their journey and now it’s time to see these five teen moms in the UK prove that age really is just a number when it…\nStatus: 546547\nWhite Collar – Season 3\nNeal Caffrey, a con man, forger and thief, is captured after a three-year game of cat and mouse with the FBI. With only months left serving a four-year sentence, he…\nThe Thundermans – Season 3\nMeet The Thundermans, a typical suburban family that happens to have astounding superpowers. At the center of the action are the 14-year-old Thunderman twins, who share the same bathroom, the…\nGenre: Action & Adventure, Comedy, Family, Sci-Fi & Fantasy\nBeverly Hills 90210 – Season 8\nBeverly Hills, 90210 followed the lives of a group of teenagers living in the upscale, star-studded community of Beverly Hills, California and attending the fictitious West Beverly Hills High School…\nBoston Public – Season 2\nBoston Public is an American drama television series created by David E. Kelley and broadcast on Fox. It centered on Winslow High School, a fictional public high school located in…\nFairly OddParents – Season 0\nThe Fairly OddParents is an American animated television series created by Butch Hartman for Nickelodeon. The series revolves around Timmy Turner, a 10-year old boy who is granted two fairy…\nGenre: Animation, Comedy, Kids, Sci-Fi & Fantasy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1002482"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7013092637062073,"wiki_prob":0.7013092637062073,"text":"Bamba Dieng\nAttacking Midfielder (Left) AM (L) - Marseille\nA graph displaying Bamba Dieng's form, up and down via their performance for each fixture. The matchratings range from zero to 10 and are calculated via our algorithms covering more then 50 datapoints.\nThe next match which Bamba Dieng's team, Marseille, are involved in. This includes the date and location of the fixture.\n29 Jan, 2022 at Orange Vélodrome\nAWQ 11 Nov 2021 D\nTogo TOG\nSenegal SEN\nAWQ 14 Nov 2021 W\nCongo CGO\nUEL 25 Nov 2021 L\nMarseille OM\nFL1 28 Nov 2021 W\nTroyes ETR\nUEL 9 Dec 2021 W\nLok Moskva LOK\nFL1 12 Dec 2021 W\nStrasbourg RCS\nCDF 19 Dec 2021 W\nCannet-Roch. ESC\nFL1 22 Dec 2021 D\nStade de Reims SDR\nACN 18 Jan 2022 D\nMalawi MWI\nACN 25 Jan 2022 W\nCape Verde CPV\nCDF 29 Jan 2022\nMontpellier MON\nACN 30 Jan 2022\nEquat. Guinea EQG\nFL1 4 Feb 2022\nAngers ANG\nAll matches played by Dieng\nThe playing stats (including matchratings) of Bamba Dieng for the 2021/2022 season, with other seasons available to be selected. As well as competitions that can be viewed, the graphic can be filtered to general, discipline, defending, errors, disruption, passing, creation, attacking, and decisive statistics.\nLigue 1 FL1 7 (7) 4 0 0 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nCoupe de France CDF 0 (1) 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nWC Qualification AWQ 0 (4) 0 1 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nAfrica Cup of Nations ACN 0 (1) 1 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nUEFA Europa League UEL 3 (2) 0 0 1 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\nOVERALL 10 (15) 0 5 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 -\nCareer stats of Dieng\nAbout Bamba Dieng\nWho is Bamba Dieng?\nBamba Dieng is 21-years-old, born on 23 March 2000, and is a right-footed professional football player from Senegal. Born in Pikine, Bamba Dieng is currently playing for Marseille in Ligue 1 as a Attacking Midfielder (Left)\nWhat are Bamba Dieng's last performances?\nOne of his best performances from last period, was the match against Nice, played on 17 February 2021 in Ligue 1 (Regular Season). Bamba Dieng received a match rating from FC of 5.5 for his performance and Marseille won the match with a score of 3-2.\nOther exemplary match performances of Bamba Dieng in this period were:\n• Nantes - Marseille (1-1), played on 20 February 2021 for the Ligue 1 (Regular Season). He received a match rating of 5.4.\nOne of his least good performances was the match against Nantes, played on 20 February 2021 in Ligue 1 (Regular Season). Bamba Dieng received a match rating from FC of 5.4 for his performance and the match ended with a score of 1-1.\nClub: Marseille\nNationality: Senegal\nPosition: Attacking Midfielder (Left)\nThe main positions in which Bamba Dieng starts for Marseille. On the graphic main positions are highlighted green, with the brighest colour displaying their most-played position.\nAttacking Midfielder (Left)\nA shortlist of Bamba Dieng's team-mates, which holds a link to the full playing squad.\nBoubacar Kamara DM, M (C)\nOussama Targhalline DM (C)\nUgo Bertelli M\nMattéo Guendouzi M, DM (C)\nPape Alassane Gueye M, DM (C)\nBilal Nadir M\nValentin Rongier M, DM (C)\nGerson M, AM (C)\nPaolo Sciortino M\nCheick Souaré M\nFranco Tongya M, AM (C)\nBamba Dieng AM (L)\nLuis Henrique AM (L)\nAmine Harit AM (CL)\nDimitri Payet AM, S (C)\nCengiz Ünder AM, W (R)\nMarseille Full Squad","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1748127"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8979460000991821,"wiki_prob":0.8979460000991821,"text":"https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2008/11/proelite-mounts-effort-to-stave-off-asset-auction\nProElite mounts effort to stave off asset auction\nNovember 7, 2008 1:32 pm ET\nProElite, Inc. has fired back in the emerging tug of war with Showtime over the future of the mixed martial arts promotion.\nProElite, which cancelled its Nov. 8 show and ceased promotional operations at the end of October, is attempting to thwart Showtime’s plan to sell ProElite’s remaining assets at public auction.\nIn a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Thursday, ProElite stated that it will try to block the sale.\n“The Company plans to take all appropriate measures to prevent the sale from occurring. Such measures may include raising additional financing, filing a lawsuit enjoining the sale, filing a bankruptcy petition or negotiating a settlement with Showtime. There can be no assurances that the Company will be successful in any of these actions.”\nShowtime has claimed rights to ProElite’s “tangible and intangible” assets after the company defaulted on two promissory notes of $4 million that it lent to the company in June and September. The premium cable company notified the public markets earlier this week of its intentions to auction off those assets, which include fighter contracts, on Nov. 17.\nLast month, Showtime notified ProElite that it violated a debt agreement and failed to maintain a minimum of $550,000 of unrestricted funds in its bank account. ProElite has a debt obligation to Showtime of approximately $6.3 million, “which is secured by substantially all of the company’s assets.” With ProElite unable to pay back the loan, Showtime claimed that it has the right to sell ProElite’s assets to recoup the loan.\nThe battle between ProElite and Showtime has left many fighters in a state flux, unable to seek contracts elsewhere until the matter is cleared up. ProElite is trying to hold on to as many fighters as possible by indicating to some agents that the promotion plans to hold events in 2009.\nHowever, the company desperately needs funding to make that happen and its primary source of cash over the past six months, Showtime, has indicated it has no intentions of working with ProElite again. Showtime spokesman Chris DeBlasio has stated that the network plans to “explore other opportunities.”\nShowtime has not commented on the matter beyond that, and ProElite Chairman Chuck Champion has not returned messages left by MMAjunkie.com (www.mmajunkie.com).\nMeanwhile, ProElite has yet to proceed with a bankruptcy filing.\nSteve Sievert is the lead staff writer and business columnist for MMAjunkie.com. He is also the former MMA beat writer and lead blogger for the Houston Chronicle.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line891814"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5618075728416443,"wiki_prob":0.5618075728416443,"text":"A.C.T.: an annoyingly useful party\nA political contact sometime ago when I was first getting into political parties and their politics once said to me when I asked him why he was an A.C.T. member, “It’s the party of liberty and freedom”.\nThat was one Rick Giles, who famously went on to say during an interview that the case against climate change existing was so compelling that no further explanation was needed. Mr Giles has since disappeared from sight on the political front. But the party he represented in that interview is still around, coming to the end of its second term as a one person band.\nA.C.T. is a party that on one hand I would love to see fling itself head first into political oblivion, thereby forcing the right fringe of New Zealand politics to reorganize itself and seek a fresh mandate to exist. On the other hand, it serves a very – annoyingly – useful purpose in that it is a clear beacon for those on the right. Some of those people have not been entirely clean – David Garrett, who introduced the “Three Strikes” legislation omitted to tell A.C.T. or Parliament he had committed passport fraud using the identity of a dead baby and was forced to resign in disgrace.\nIts current leader David Seymour will probably take Epsom on 23 September 2017. This will not be because New Zealanders necessarily like him – his party barely scored 1% of the party vote at the last election and would have suffered complete electoral oblivion save for Epsom voters and a deal with National for them to not actively campaign in that electorate. It will perhaps be because Mr Seymour door knocked every single house in the electorate – something probably no other candidate in any electorate anywhere in the country could claim to have done.\nMr Seymour perhaps deserves a bit of credit. His Bill of Parliament to permit voluntary euthanasia has been drawn from the ballot. He is to his credit one of the few Members of Parliament actively working to address the issue, and I was personally pleased when it was drawn.\nEuthanasia aside though, there is nothing at all from my perspective to like about the A.C.T. Party. It would repeal the Resource Management Act if it could get the numbers in Parliament. It has shown scant regard for socio-economic well being of low income earners, middle New Zealand and minorities. A.C.T. supported the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement and has an almost blind belief that everything New Zealand does should be based on what happens in the United States – that we are somehow incapable of making New Zealand laws for New Zealand and New Zealanders.\nI don’t expect that it will ever be more than right wing bit party. But as long as Epsom wants an A.C.T. member to be their M.P., and he can find a cause or two to rally his party around, I cannot see A.C.T. leaving Parliament either – which for the purpose of knowing where the right wing fringe are, might not be a bad thing.\nThis entry was posted in A.C.T. Party of New Zealand by robglennie000. Bookmark the permalink.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line362783"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6309837102890015,"wiki_prob":0.6309837102890015,"text":"NFL: A day in the shoes of a Green Bay Packers…\nNFL: A day in the shoes of a Green Bay Packers owner\nSome organizations hold meetings in conference rooms. The Green Bay Packers conductd their shareholder meeting on the turf at Lambeau Field in Green Bay, Wis. on Wednesday.\nBy Mercury News | themerc@bayareanewsgroup.com |\nPUBLISHED: July 25, 2013 at 1:51 a.m. | UPDATED: August 12, 2016 at 5:14 p.m.\nGREEN BAY, Wis. — We all know the story: The Green Bay Packers are the only community-owned franchise in major professional sports.\nThe history is awfully cute, but I’m sure most Vikings fans are weary of the Packers’ happy-go-lucky tale. While some in this state don’t fully appreciate the greatest football team in history, I do.\nThe son of Iowa expatriates, I fell in love with Brett Favre and the Packers as a 5-year-old and have embraced every high and low over the past 16 years. It wasn’t until my mom bought me a share of the Green Bay Packers in late 2011, though, that I actually owned a share of my favorite team.\nSure, there are 364,121 others — including my brother — who claim a share of the Packers. But when I watch a football game and say, “We should have thrown the ball on third and 4,” I’m actually talking about my team.\nThere are many who wonder, “Why would you pay for a piece of paper that means nothing?” Well, one day a year, my stock certificate actually provides a tangible benefit: a ticket to the annual meeting of shareholders.\nThis year, that day was Wednesday, July 24. Come along with me, my brother Nick and his friend Elia to Green Bay, Wis., if you want to experience life in the shoes of an NFL owner:\n9:35 a.m. — For the second consecutive day, Nick gets lost on some Green Bay highway. The gates at Lambeau Field opened at 9 a.m., and we’re running late, so we decide to avoid the stadium parking lot and pull into a neighborhood to park. We leave the car in front of a house on Thorndale Street that has multiple Packers stickers on the garage. The stadium lights poke out above backyard trees.\n10:16 a.m. — I get through the east side doors on my second try; the first time, I forgot my ticket in the car and had to walk all the way back. I get the feeling Jerry Jones doesn’t get turned away when he forgets his ticket into Cowboys Stadium.\nAs I walk into the Lambeau Field Atrium — a five-story structure connected to the stadium that includes the Packers Pro Shop, the Packers Hall of Fame and Curly’s Pub — thousands of people move in different directions. Some slap nametags on their shirts and jerseys, while others stand in line for raffles. I find Nick and Elia, and we proceed through a large set of doors to Lambeau.\n10:21 a.m. — We take our seats in Section 115 for the 11 a.m. meeting as the stadium serenades us with Matchbox 20 songs and a 2012 highlight reel titled “Unfinished Business,” a reference to the Packers’ playoff loss in San Francisco last January. The owners boo lustily as the “Fail Mary” play against the Seahawks flashes up on the board.\n11 a.m. — The unrest does not last long. We cheer as the Packers’ front office strolls onto the field to their seats on a tent-shaded stage. President/CEO Mark Murphy and executive vice president/general manager Ted Thompson are the two biggest names to address the crowd. They are here to make us — the owners — happy, as it should be with any franchise.\nThompson reminds us of Green Bay’s recent gridiron glory: the 1996 and 2010 world championships, the fact that the Packers are the only NFC team to make the playoffs the past four years, and the Packers’ 20-1 record in their past 21 games at Lambeau Field.\nThen, he turns on the charm:\n“It’s not about the facilities,” Thompson says. “It’s about the people.”\n11:42 a.m. — The Packers expected 17,000 owners and guests to be in attendance, and the crowd takes up almost half of the stadium’s lower bowl. Just about everybody gets whipped into a frenzy as Murphy waxes poetic about the fruits of 2011’s wildly successful stock sale.\nHe points out the 7,000-seat expansion in the south end zone, new video boards, the new sound system, and renovation plans for the Atrium. The stadium will hold 80,750 fans this fall, good enough for third in the NFL (behind Washington and New Jersey).\n“We passed Dallas!” Murphy exclaims as we cheer ourselves silly.\n12:38 p.m. — I’m with three of the best-dressed owners in the stadium. People started pouring out by the hundreds after treasurer Mark McMullen began talking about boring things like record operations profit and net income.\nThe escapees include Dale Decker, Bruce Roeshner and Chris Handler. Decker is decked out in a Packers jersey, gold athletic shorts and a cheesehead signed by several prominent players.\nRoeshner is dressed like a vintage ACME Packer from the 1920s, including a leather helmet and decidedly modern title belt.\nHandler’s outfit is the most impressive. He dons a custom five-foot wide hat bedazzled with a golden fence, a bucket of paint and light-up text that reads “FENCE PAINTER.”\nHe hands me his business card, which reads “FENCE PAINTER.”\n“I’m a fence painter,” he explains.\n2:50 p.m. — After a long wait for lunch at Curly’s Pub in the Atrium (Nick spilled ketchup on his white Jordy Nelson jersey), we head over to the south end zone expansion for a self-guided tour — owners only. The new suites are quite posh and belie the legendary Lambeau Field ideal of freezing one’s buttocks off in the bleachers.\nThe upper-deck seats are more to our taste, with a vantage point that stretches almost to the top of the lights on the west side of the stadium. For the first time, Packers fans will be able to peer out of the stadium and see Green Bay (the body of water) as they watch mini-versions of Aaron Rodgers and Clay Matthews winning games on the turf below.\n4:34 p.m. — We grab some excellent items at the Pro Shop (Earmuff-flap hats! Packers flasks! Cool!) and walk back to the car for the long ride home.\nHappy with the day’s adventures, and content with our team’s future, we ride down Lombardi Boulevard and into the sunset, just three NFL owners carpooling in a 1998 Volvo S-70.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1501073"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5426628589630127,"wiki_prob":0.4573371410369873,"text":"The World's Underreported Humanitarian Crises\n3 Feb 2020 by Staff - Water Diplomat\nAn annual assessment of global online media coverage of \"underreported\" humanitarian crises, many related to water challenges, indicates increasing linkage between such events and man-made climate change.\nHumanitarian agency CARE International launched its fourth such analysis 28 January, examining 40 disasters and conflicts that have affected at least a million people to determine which are the most under-reported.\nIn 2019, nine out of 10 global under-reported crises occurred in Africa reflecting the challenges countries and NGOs face in generating media attention for protracted crises in the region. North Korea is also on the list. The report includes crises related to natural disasters (bush fires, floods, earthquakes, floods) and those brought on by competition for natural resources that may result in food insecurity, conflict, and displacement.\n“We’re seeing increasing linkages between the effects of man-made climate change and the longevity and complexity of humanitarian crises. From Madagascar to Lake Chad to North Korea, the majority of crises ranked in our report are partly a consequence of declining natural resources, increasing extreme weather events and global warming more broadly”, said Sally Austin, CARE International’s Head of Emergency Operations.\n“The increased public attention for the global climate crisis is encouraging, but we must ensure that the conversation is not limited to the Global North and much-needed transformations there. It is shocking to see how little media reporting there is about human suffering related to global warming in the South, the lack of political action to address this injustice, and solutions applied to ease the burden for communities\".\nCARE International suggests that in some countries a constant state of crisis is the new norm, exacerbating other challenges and leading to “crisis reporting fatigue”.\nIn the report “Suffering in Silence”, CARE reinforced the challenge countries face in generating media attention. Drawing on online media published in English, French, German, Spanish and Arabic, the research derived a database that contains over 2.4 million articles from which CARE identified those crises that have been struggling to gain global attention.\nOf the top ten underreported crises, most relate to water challenges and seven have been listed by CARE before, while new to the list are Burkina Faso, Kenya, and Zambia.\nRachel Routley, humanitarian and emergency response coordinator for CARE Australia, commented that the predominance of African countries may reflect a number of reasons ranging from media access (virtually none in DPR Korea) to relative freedom of the press (better in Africa than in Asia or the Middle East) to newsrooms budgets and audience interest.\nThe top ten under-reported humanitarian crises of 2019 on CARE International’s list are:\nMadagascar where 2.6 million people have been affected by the impacts of drought\nCentral African Republic where conflict has caused over 600,000 internal displacement and an additional 600,000 to seek refuge from conflict in neighbouring countries.\nZambia where 2.3 million people are in urgent need of food assistance as a result of rising temperatures and recurring and prolonged droughts.\nBurundi where prolonged political insecurity and high levels of poverty create a fragile environment to address natural disasters, population movements, malaria epidemics and the risk of Ebola.\nEritrea where a severe drought in 2019 following an above average dry year in 2018 now worsens the situation as further crop failures lead to food insecurity and malnourishment in wide parts of the population. Nomadic communities are especially vulnerable to natural disasters such as drought and flooding during rainy seasons.\nDPR Korea where approximately 11 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance for basic food, health, water, sanitation and hygiene needs. According to UN estimates about 43 percent of the population is undernourished as food production fails to meet requirements due to lack of modern equipment and cyclical heatwaves, droughts and floods.\nKenya where more than 1.1 million people live without regular access to food and more than 500,000 children under five are in need of treatment for malnutrition. Continuing dry conditions have led to the deterioration of livestock and crop productivity, higher food prices and a decrease of water. Agricultural production has halved according to estimates. When there is not too little rainfall, there is far too much.\nBurkina Faso which has been marked by years of protracted political instability resulting from security challenges, a power vacuum, weak governance and the presence of armed groups. Additionally, the country is extremely poor and suffers from high levels of economic inequality and agricultural deficits largely due to insecurity.\nEthiopia which faced multiple challenges in 2019: there was a drought in the eastern and south-eastern parts of the country, localised flooding, as well as the significant humanitarian and recovery needs of internally displaced people, refugees, returnees and host communities.\nThe Lake Chad Basin (including Cameroon, Chad and Nigeria) has faced 10 years of conflict and violence, poverty, hunger, displacement while the sinking water levels of the lake have led to nearly 10 million people in need of humanitarian assistance. In Chad, about 657,000 displaced are in need of help. In addition, thousands of refugees from the Central African Republic and from Sudan have sought refuge in Chad.\nUTICO FZC","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line548951"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5415226221084595,"wiki_prob":0.4584773778915405,"text":"AIPS++ Newsletter November 2000 AIPS++ News\nAIPS++ Project News\nTim Cornwell- NRAO/Socorro\nThe third release of the AIPS++ package will be made on November 13 at the ADASS meeting in Boston. This release has many new features aimed at scientific completeness. The most notable improvement is the ability to process VLA observations entirely in AIPS++, from VLA archive tape to final deconvolved image. Advances have been made in many different areas of synthesis processing:\nFilling from a vla archive tape can be performed using the vlafiller tool.\nFlagging can be performed either interactively with visplot or in a batch mode using flagger.\nCalibration, including both flux scale and phase determination can be performed using the calibrater tool.\nImaging, including many variants of deconvolution, can be performed using the imager tool.\nIn addition, numerous aspects of the user interface have been improved. We have been aided in this by a group of dedicated (and persistent!) testers in Socorro. The testers (Debra Shepherd, Greg Taylor, and Steve Myers) have worked closely with the AIPS++ group to improve all areas of the processing of VLA data. There still remains some work to be done in making the end-to-end path for VLA data as easy to use as possible. For example, an improved chapter for Getting Results in AIPS++ is in preparation. Another examples is that we have been experimenting with vertical integration of the synthesis tools into one tool called map. Improvements in these areas will be made available as patches to the new release as they become available.\nThe single dish processing environment, dish, has also seen significant improvements. Bob Garwood converted the data access mechanism (the \"sditerator\") to use a MeasurementSet in addition to the flat table previously used. In addition to spending eight weeks in National Guard training, Joe McMullin modified the interface of dish to be fundamentally command line based. A very detailed description of the use of dish is given in the Dish User's Manual (AIPS++ Note 236).\nWe have changed the format of the CDROM for this release. AIPS++ can no longer be run from the CDROM but instead must be installed to a disk. This has enabled the two distributions (Linux and Solaris) to be placed on one CDROM, saving considerable copying and distribution costs.\nFinally, I would like to highlight some of the recent documents in the AIPS++ Notes series. The Notes series is used to document many different things. Designs of major packages are often written as a Note. The work planned for a development cycle is documented as a Note. Some recent examples are:\nIn the development cycle leading to this third release, we completed a carefully planned change to a revised version of the observational data format used in AIPS++: the MeasurementSet. This second version of the format has been designed to rectify some shortcomings in the first version, but also to better support a wider range of observations, including single dish, VLBI, and optical interferometry. In putting together this definition, we benefited from extensive discussions with a number of people throughout the various astronomical communities. The definition of the MeasurementSet is available at AIPS++ Note 229, and a summary of the key changes can be found in the MeasurementSet Version 2.0 article in this Newsletter.\nThe AIPS++ Measures system is a set of C++ classes and glish tools that handle measurements with units, coordinates, and reference frames. The Measures system is documented in the C++ header files (as is our standard practice) and in the User Reference Manual. A programmers guide to using the C++ classes is found in AIPS++ Note 233.\nThroughout its history, AIPS++ has benefited from a number of software engineering practices. Those interested in the type of practices that we have found to be useful may find a detailed description in AIPS++ Note 237.\nThe Display Library is one of the most important packages within AIPS++. It is designed to provide display capabilities for all types of data within AIPS++. Originally designed and partially implemented by Tom Oosterloo and John Pixton, it has been filled out and extended by David Barnes. An excellent description of the design, implementation, and use of the Display Library is found in AIPS++ Note 231.\nTim Cornwell\nMark Holdaway","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1596780"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7167521119117737,"wiki_prob":0.7167521119117737,"text":"The African American Experience: Fight for Your Rights (Ages 9 and Up)\nThe current racist events in the U.S. and protests against them is the latest part of a long history of Black American fights for rights. This list offers stories from Post-Civil War America to now in an attempt to show just how fundamental and fierce this struggle remains to the African-American experience.\nThe Undefeated by Kwame Alexander\nThe Newbery Award-winning author of The Crossover pens an ode to black American triumph and tribulation, with art from a two-time Caldecott Honoree\nFrom Slaves to Soldiers by Joanne Randolph\nThe period of time including the Civil War and Reconstruction in the United States was an era that involved a lot of change. For many African Americans, this transition included going from a life of slavery to becoming a soldier\nHearth Streetcar to Justice; How Elizabeth Jennings won the Right to Ride in New York City by Amy Hill Hearth\nIn 1854, a young African American woman named Elizabeth Jennings won a major victory against a New York City streetcar company, a first step in the process of desegregating public transportation in Manhattan.\nStella by Starlight by Sharon Draper\nWhen a burning cross set by the Klan causes panic and fear in 1932 Bumblebee, North Carolina, fifth-grader Stella must face prejudice and find the strength to demand change in her segregated town.\nStrange Fruit: Billie Holiday and the Power of a Protest Song by Gary Golio\nDiscover how two outsiders- Billie Holiday, a young black woman raised in poverty, and Abel Meeropol, the son of Jewish immigrants- combined their talents to create a song that challenged racism and paved the way for the civil rights movement\nWhat Were the Negro Leagues? By Varian Johnson\nIntroduces the Negro Leagues of baseball, highlighting the players, coaches, owners, and teams that dominated the leagues during the 1930s and 1940s.\nBetty Before X by Ilyasah Shabazz\nRaised by her aunt until she is six, Betty, who will later marry Malcolm X, joins her mother and stepfamily in 1940s Detroit, where she learns about the civil rights movement.\nHow High the Moon by Karyn Parsons\nEleven-year-old Ella seeks information about her father while enjoying a visit with her mother, a jazz singer, in Boston in 1944, then returns to the harsh realities of segregated, small-town South Carolina.\nFinding Langston by Lesa Cline-Ransome\nDiscovering a book of Langston Hughes’ poetry in the library helps Langston cope with the loss of his mother, relocating from Alabama to Chicago as part of the Great Migration, and being bullied.\nThe Girl from the Tar Paper School: Barbara Rose Johns and the Advent of the Civil Rights Movement by Teri Kanefield\nBefore the Little Rock Nine, before Rosa Parks, before Martin Luther King Jr. and his March on Washington, there was Barbara Rose Johns, a teenager who used nonviolent civil disobedience to draw attention to her cause. In 1951, witnessing the unfair conditions in her racially segregated high school, Barbara Johns led a walkout–the first public protest of its kind demanding racial equality in the U.S.–jumpstarting the American civil rights movement.\nA Sky Full of Stars by Linda Williams Jackson\nIn Stillwater, Missippi, in 1955, thirteen-year-old African American Rose Lee Carter looks to her family and friends to understand her place in the burgeoning Civil Rights Movement.\nThis Promise of Change: One Girl’s Story in the Fight for School Equality by Jo Ann Allen Boyce\nIn 1956, one year before federal troops escorted the Little Rock 9 into Central High School, fourteen year old Jo Ann Allen was one of twelve African-American students who broke the color barrier and integrated Clinton High School in Tennessee.\nNight on Fire by Ronald Kidd\n“Personally I don’t mind them coming here but they might bother some of my customers.” Thirteen-year old Billie Sims has heard things like this all her life, from the grocer down the road, from her neighbors at church, from her parents. But Billie never understood what all the fuss was about. Why do blacks and whites have separate entrances to the bus station in her town of Anniston, Alabama? Why can’t her friend Jarmaine, have a milk shake with her at Wikle’s? When Billie hears about a group calling themselves the Freedom Riders passing through Anniston to protest segregation on buses, she thinks change could be coming. But instead of embracing change, Billie’s town responds with violence, and she finds herself at Forsyth & Sons Grocery watching a bus burn. Shocked by the actions of people she thought she knew, she realizes that freedom has a cost. But is she brave enough to stand up and fight for it?\nThe March on Washington by Bonnie Bader\nIn 1933, people from all over the country came together calling for equal rights for African Americans. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom was a peaceful protest and the setting for Martin Luther King Jr.’s ‘I have a dream’ speech. Learn about the inspiring people and incredible acts of courage that led to this historic moment.\nGlory Be by Augusta Scattergood\nIn the summer of 1964 as she is about to turn twelve, Glory’s town of Hanging Moss, Mississippi, is beset by racial tension when town leaders close her beloved public pool rather than desegregating it.\nRevolution: A Novel by Deborah Wiles\nIt’s 1964 in Greenwood, Mississippi, and Sunny’s town is being invaded by people from up north who are coming to help people register to vote. Her personal life isn’t much better, as a new stepmother, brother, and sister are crowding into her life, giving her little room to breathe\nMemphis, Martin, and the Mountaintop: the Sanitation Strike of 1968 by Alice Faye Duncan\nIn February 1968, two African American sanitation workers were killed by unsafe equipment in Memphis, Tennessee. Outraged at the city’s refusal to recognize a labor union that would fight for higher pay and safer working conditions, sanitation workers went on strike.\nVoice of Freedom: Fannie Lou Hamer, Spirit of the Civil Rights Movement by Carole Boston Weatherford\nPresents a collage-illustrated treasury of poems and spirituals inspired by the life and work of civil rights advocate Fannie Lou Hamer.\nArmstrong & Charlie by Steven Frank\nDuring the pilot year of a Los Angeles school system integration program, two sixth grade boys, one black, one white, become best friends as they learn to cope with everything from first crushes and playground politics to the loss of loved ones and racial prejudice in the 1970s\nLove Like Sky by Leslie Youngblood\nEleven-year-old Georgie is still adjusting to leaving Atlanta for a small town, having a stepfather, and being unable to get close to her stepsister when her six-year-old sister, Peaches, suddenly becomes very ill.\nA Good Kind of Trouble by Lisa Moore Ramee\nAfter attending a powerful protest, Shayla starts wearing an armband to school to support the Black Lives Matter movement, but when the school gives her an ultimatum, she is forced to choose between her education and her identity.\nDownload a PDF bookmark to keep track of titles. Looking for more books on this and other related topics? Visit What Do I Read Next? to receive personal reading recommendations from JMRL librarians.\nPosted by JMRL Central Reference in The African American Experience, Themed Book Lists, Uncategorized\nAbout JMRL Central Reference\nLibrarians in the reference department at the Central Library of JMRL.\nView all posts by JMRL Central Reference →\n← JMRL partnering with VDH for reusable mask distribution\nThe African American Experience: Fight For Your Rights (Ages 5 and Up) →\nOne thought on “The African American Experience: Fight for Your Rights (Ages 9 and Up)”\nPingback: A Book List on Racism and Resistance in Virginia History - The UncommonWealth","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1377907"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8187046647071838,"wiki_prob":0.8187046647071838,"text":"Tacticus, War of Will favorites at Belmont Stakes\nA general view of horses and Exercise Riders walking along the horse path to enter the track for training prior to the 151st running of the Belmont Stakes at Belmont Park on June 06, 2019 in Elmont, New York. (Photo by Al Bello/Getty Images)\nNEW YORK (AP) -- Trainer Todd Pletcher, always dangerous in the Belmont Stakes, sends out a pair of long shots Saturday in the final leg of the Triple Crown.\nThe focus of attention will fall on two other horses -- Tacitus, the 9-5 favorite, and War of Will, the Preakness winner and the close second choice at 2-1.\nBettors who ignore Pletcher do so at their peril. Pletcher's duo this year includes Spinoff, 15-1 after finishing 18th in the Kentucky Derby, and the lightly-raced Intrepid Heart at 10-1.\nPletcher owns three Belmont wins: the filly Rags to Riches (2007), Palace Malice (2013) and Tapwrit (2017).\nNone were favored in the wagering, ranging in price from 4-1 on Rags to Riches up to 13-1 for Palace Malice's upset.\nEven when he doesn't win, Pletcher often lands a piece of the action. Since sending out his first Belmont runner in 2000, Pletcher has been second five times and three times finished third in the 1 1/2 mile race.\nBelmont Park is Pletcher's base of operation, and he targets this race. Like most trainers who develop 3-year-olds, Pletcher takes aim first at the Kentucky Derby. When that doesn't pan out, Pletcher immediately turns his attention to the Belmont.\n\"It's a race we really cherish,\" Pletcher said.\n\"It's home for us. I think one of the advantages is most of our horses have trained five weeks at Belmont after the Derby. It helps, and it's a race we really enjoy.\"\nPletcher's best Belmont hope this time probably rests with Intrepid Heart, running for only the fourth time. The gray colt stumbled at the start of his most recent outing, the Peter Pan Stakes at Belmont, and ran third as the even-money favorite in his first career loss.\n\"We were disappointed in the outcome of the race for sure because going in he had a big chance to win,\" Pletcher said.\nHe will make an equipment change, adding blinkers to narrow Intrepid Heart's field of vision. Blinkers often help improve focus by screening distractions. Intrepid Heart should be acclimated, having worn the blinkers in his last two workouts.\nAs for Spinoff, Pletcher blames the poor effort on the sloppy track on Derby Day.\n\"The horse has trained, to me, consistently with some of the horses we've run in the Belmont over the years that have performed well,\" Pletcher said.\n\"I'm hoping he catches a fast track and gets to prove how good he is, or is not.\" In the end, it comes to down to hoping the home-field advantage again comes into play for the seven-time Eclipse Award winner as Outstanding Trainer.\n\"I think you can make that argument from the standpoint of training on a mile and a half track,\" Pletcher said. \"Getting accustomed to that can be helpful.\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line285234"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9890909194946289,"wiki_prob":0.9890909194946289,"text":"> AZ By Author > U > Usher\nUsher Lyrics\nMissin U\nUsher Terry Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actor. He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album My Way, which spawned his first U.S. Billboard Hot 100 number-one hit, \"Nice & Slow\". The album has been certified 6-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His follow-up album, 8701, produced the Billboard Hot 100 number one hits \"U Remind Me\" and \"U Got It Bad\". Usher's 2004 album, Confessions, established him as one of the best-selling musical artist of the 2000s decade. It sold over 20 million copies worldwide, bolstered by its four consecutive Billboard Hot 100 number one hits — \"Yeah!\", \"Burn\", \"Confessions Part II\", and \"My Boo\" — and has been certified diamond by the RIAA. His follow-ups, Here I Stand (2008) and Raymond v. Raymond (2010), debuted atop the Billboard 200 and produced the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles \"Love in This Club\" and \"OMG\". A follow-up EP, Versus, was released in July 2010 and produced the successful track \"DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love\". His seventh studio album, Looking 4 Myself (2012), contained a more dance-pop sound and experienced lower first week sales compared to his previous efforts. The RIAA ranks Usher as one of the best-selling artists in American music history, having sold over 23 million copies in the United States alone. To date, he has sold over 75 million records worldwide. Usher has won numerous awards including eight Grammy Awards. At the end of 2009, Usher was named the number one Hot 100 artist of the 2000s decade. Billboard named him the second most successful artist of the 2000s decade, with his 2004 album Confessions being ranked as the top solo album of the 2000s decade. Billboard also placed Usher at number six on their list of Top 50 R&B/Hip-Hop Artists of the Past 25 Years. Usher has attained nine Hot 100 number-one hits (all as a lead artist) and has attained eighteen Hot 100 top-ten hits.\nCopyright © 2015-2022 MineLyrics\nAZ by Author\nAZ by Song","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line401432"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9775553941726685,"wiki_prob":0.9775553941726685,"text":"UK to face food, fuel, drug shortages\nPosted by News Express | 19 August 2019 | 794 times\n•British PM Boris Johnson\nBritain will face shortages of fuel, food and medicine if it leaves the European Union without a transition deal, according to leaked official documents reported by the Sunday Times whose interpretation was immediately contested by ministers.\nSetting out a vision of jammed ports, public protests and widespread disruption, the paper said the forecasts compiled by the Cabinet Office set out the most likely aftershocks of a no-deal Brexit rather than the worst-case scenarios.\nBut Michael Gove, the minister in charge of coordinating “no-deal” preparations, challenged that interpretation, saying the documents did set out a worst-case scenario and that planning had been accelerated in the last three weeks.\nThe Times said up to 85% of lorries using the main Channel crossings may not be ready for French customs, meaning disruption at ports would potentially last up to three months before the flow of traffic improved.\nThe government also believes a hard border between the British province of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, an EU member, will be likely as plans to avoid widespread checks will prove unsustainable, the Times said.\n“Compiled this month by the Cabinet Office under the codename Operation Yellowhammer, the dossier offers a rare glimpse into the covert planning being carried out by the government to avert a catastrophic collapse in the nation’s infrastructure,” the Times reported.\nPrime Minister Boris Johnson’s office said it did not comment on leaked documents. But Gove said it was an old document that did not reflect current preparedness.\n“It is the case, as everyone knows, that if we do have a no-deal exit there will inevitably be some disruption, some bumps in the road. That’s why we want a deal,” Gove told reporters.\n“But it is also the case that the UK government is far more prepared now than it was in the past, and it’s also important for people to recognise that what’s being described in these documents… is emphatically a worst-case scenario,” Gove added.\nA government source blamed the leak on an unnamed former minister who wanted to influence negotiations with the EU.\n“This document is from when ministers were blocking what needed to be done to get ready to leave and the funds were not available,” said the source, who declined to be named. “It has been deliberately leaked by a former minister in an attempt to influence discussions with EU leaders.” (NAN)\nPlateau’s indigenous tribe laments forceful occupation of its lands\nBukola Saraki and the race for Senate Presidency, By Kunle Akogun...\n252 aides dump Tambuwal for APC\nCameroonian gendarmes kill scores of Nigerians in Akwa Ibom\nObi’s hour of day of glory: Receives Silverbird Award alongside Fashola,...\nBandits request for motorbikes before releasing abducted school children after allegedly...\nNANS to Nigerians: Prepare for protest against insecurity, abductions\nPoll postponement painful, but Nigerians must maintain their commitment — Tinubu...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line515203"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5565522909164429,"wiki_prob":0.5565522909164429,"text":"The Miniver Story: A Review (Review #609)\nTHE MINIVER STORY\nThe Blitz Revisited...\nFollowing the success of Mrs. Miniver, MGM opted to do something that was rarely done back in the 'Golden Age of Hollywood': create a sequel. The Miniver Story, coming eight years after the 1942 Best Picture winner, has some positives. Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon show they still have excellent chemistry together. Apart from that The Miniver Story is a total drag, dull and I'm tempted to say given the plot, shockingly lifeless, dampening all that was good about Mrs. Miniver in order to trade on the name.\nClem Miniver (Pidgeon) relates 'Kay's story' through most of The Miniver Story through voice-over. It is London, VE Day. Kay Miniver (Garson) learns of the news along with other Britons at a coffee shop after having stopped at a doctor's office. She is naturally happy but maintains that natural British restraint. Returning to her suburban home, she encounters Tom Foley (Richard Gale), who has known the Minivers since he was a child. Tom Foley (not to be confused with the former Speaker of the House) tells Kay about her daughter Judy. He squired her around Cairo, where she was during the war (her brother Toby having been sent to America). Judy may have gone out with Tom, but she was really madly in love with Brigadier Steve Brunswick, who was also in Cairo. At the celebratory party in the village, the ever-proper, ever-classy Mrs. Miniver must say farewell to Spike (John Hodiak), the American soldier whom she has been seeing while her husband was at the front. Spike tells her that he loves her, but knows that it's one-sided (and the fact he has a wife in America makes things a little dicey too).\nIn short time the Minivers are finally all reunited, Clem finally having returned from Hamburg. Toby (William Fox, better known as James Fox today) has brought jazz and, horror of horrors, BASEBALL, to Britain, while Judy (Cathy O'Donnell) has brought her father great news: she's in love with an older and married man! There are still more issues the Minivers face: an ignorant Clem is unaware that Kay is fighting for her life. We soon learn that she has six months to a year to live, and she keeps this a secret. Clem dreams of going to Brazil for a new start and Judy dreams of marrying Brunswick. It's up to the cool Mrs. Miniver to sort them all out. With Brunswick, Kay, in her genteel way, shows him that they are simply too different to make a good pair. The artistic and sophisticated Brunswick could never elevate the conventionally middle-class Judy to his level. Her heart broken, Judy is at first angry with her mother, until Kay uses the letter she received from Spike to show how love affairs started in war may eventually die out. With that, the road is clear for Judy to marry Tom Foley, whom she made love with while in Cairo. Kay lives long enough to see her daughter married, and has enough time to tell Clem of her impending death. Now, four years have passed since Kay left (placing the story in 1949), and he ends 'Kay's story'.\nNobody will watch this,\nso our reputations will survive.\nThe Miniver Story's first mistake was in being made. All other mistakes stem from that. Despite protests to the contrary by Clem Miniver in voice-over narration, The Miniver Story isn't Kay Miniver's story at all, not by a long shot. So often in The Miniver Story we wander away from Kay to the Judy/Tom/Brunswick subplot, which given the times was quite brazen. Judy was seeing a married man and Tom says they used to make love in Cairo, which to me goes beyond mere 'dating'. Furthermore, we have a story where a young girl is basically serving as a mistress, and while my disapproval may be marked as prudishness, it is surprising that her solidly British parents aren't horrified by all this. Instead, they seemed rather unmoved by it all. I never once believed that Clem or Kay would not have something to say about their daughter running around with a married man. Add to that the idea that while this is \"Kay's story\", Clem has unusual access to information he probably wouldn't have had. How would he know about Spike when Kay I don't think mentioned him at all? How would he know about Judy 'making love' to Tom in Cairo or Kay's conversation with either her doctor or Brigadier Brunswick?\nAgain, how is any of that KAY'S story?\nThe question about Mrs. Miniver's own private affairs are also left unanswered. Yes, her going around with Spike may have been totally above-board, but it does make one wonder if, perhaps even just once, the elegant epitome of British wartime resolve didn't give in to the pleasures of the invading American. The fact that Hodiak appears for probably less than ten to fifteen minutes in The Miniver Story also makes one wonder how he got third billing. That plot element is introduced, but never explored and if it weren't for Judy's scandalous love life, never mentioned again.\nI also think another mistake is in how The Miniver Story romanticizes the immediate post-war period. The world of the Minivers in 1945 doesn't squire with how it was. There doesn't seem to be any shortages of anything. Yes, coupons and rations are mentioned, but from what we see in the film, there was always food on the table, the homes were in almost impeccable condition (almost like they were in the Hamptons) and there is very little suggestion that there was anything like a war around them.\nIn terms of performances they were all pretty awful save for Garson. Pidgeon, who on the whole was a good actor, was terribly one-note as Clem. When he sees Kay in physical pain, he has very little reaction. He tells her that with regards to worrying about her condition, \"I'm scared stiff\", but he might have well been asking if the mail had come in the way he delivered it. O'Donnell just came off as whiny as Judy the Tramp, and Hodiak wasn't convincing as Mrs. Miniver's potential lover. George Froeschel and Ronald Miller's screenplay also had some very bizarre turns (at one point in Pidgeon's overdone voice-over, he appears to wax rhapsodic about both the Labour government voted in right after the war and even the nuclear bomb). H.C. Potter also could never direct the actors to make them other than yes, one-note (gruff, elegant, affable), and his attempts at comedy (Clem trying for a homerun inside the house for example), felt forced.\nThe worst and most idiotic decision in The Miniver Story was to ignore the source material in one large respect. In Mrs. Miniver Clem and Kay had THREE children, and a major subplot was that of their oldest, a son named Vin. Richard Ney portrayed Vin in Mrs. Miniver, and while I thought he gave a bad performance the character was established in the film. The Miniver Story makes absolutely no mention of Vin whatsoever, as if he never existed. The reason is obvious: Greer Garson had started an affair with her on-screen son, eleven years her junior, during the making of Mrs. Miniver and had married him afterwards. In the interim between Mrs. Miniver and The Miniver Story they had divorced, so it was understandable that she didn't want to see him again. However, there was no logical reason to basically excise him altogether. They might have mentioned that he had been killed in the war, which would have added a touch of more tragedy into the story. It would also have allowed Garson a delicious scene where she visits her 'son's' grave.\nI'd say only pettiness on the part of the elegant former Mrs. Ney removed an important character from the first film from appearing in the second. There's no logic to it, and frankly putting Vin into The Miniver Story wouldn't have made it any better, but it certainly couldn't have made it any worse than it ended up being.\nIt's only in the last ten to fifteen minutes that The Miniver Story becomes watchable, and actually quite beautiful. The sequence where Kay finally tells Clem of her impending death has voice-over, but it is also complimented by a beautiful backward tracking shot where they are reflected on the water, the camera keeps pulling back to show more beauty and making this moment extremely tender and sad. When the Minivers dance together one last time, and then later on when Kay walks upstairs to her 'death', it is visually beautiful and actually moving. However, by this time it is just too late to save The Miniver Story from being dull, stiff, and generally uninteresting to anyone other than a die-hard Greer Garson or Walter Pidgeon fan. Everyone else will wonder why we should care.\nIn the end The Miniver Story proves that 'The Golden Age of Hollywood' suffered from the same errors of judgment that films of today have. They don't know when NOT to make a sequel and leave well enough alone.\nWhatever happened to Vin?\nDECISION: D+\nPosted by Rick at 6:18 AM 1 comment:\nLabels: Drama, Review, Sequels, World War II\nKramer vs. Kramer (1979): A Review\nKRAMER VS. KRAMER (1979)\nYou Picked A Fine Time To Leave Me, Joanna...\nI think Kramer vs. Kramer must have been daring in its time, one that delved into a growing situation rarely discussed openly in American society. Divorce now, sadly, is not the hot-button issue it once was, which means Kramer vs. Kramer now looks a little dated, its earnestness out of place.\nJoanna Kramer (Meryl Streep) is going through some sort of existential crisis. She needs to 'find herself', so she makes the decision to leave her marriage. She walks out on her husband Ted (Dustin Hoffman) and her son Billy (Justin Henry). Ted, who has devoted his life to moving up in the advertising agency, learns that Joanna is leaving him the very day his boss Jim (George Coe) tells him he's going to get a major promotion and account. As Joanna wryly notes, she has 'just ruined one of the five best days of his life'.\nNow that Joanna is gone, Ted has to balance his work and home life. That means doing the things Joanna did, like make breakfast, take Billy to school, and raise his son, while continuing at a furious pace up the ladder of success. Obviously, being a man, he doesn't start out well. He makes a mess of French toast, has trouble handling Billy, and misses meetings much to Jim's frustration. However, over time Billy and Ted start getting into a rhythm and things are if not perfect at least less turbulent.\nTed also bonds with Margaret (Jane Alexander), the Kramers next-door neighbor and a friend to both. Like Ted, Margaret has gone through a divorce, and Ted's initial resentment of Margaret (he first thinks she put Joanna up to the divorce due to 'women's lib') grows into a mutual appreciation for the struggles they have as single parents. Ted even manages a brief fling with Phyllis (JoBeth Williams), who inadvertently appears nude before a nonplussed Billy. However, fifteen months after walking out on her family, with lots of therapy under her belt, Joanna returns, and decides that she wants Billy back in her life, but under her roof.\nWhat ensues is Kramer vs. Kramer, a custody fight where both Ted and Joanna endure a lot of intense questioning to see who should raise Billy. It might be a man's world, but a woman has advantages as well. Joanna wins the case, and Ted, who has been forced to take a lower-paying job as a result of his caring for Billy, is in no financial shape to keep the fight. On their last day together, Ted now masterfully prepares Billy his French toast. Joanna comes, but now sees that Billy would be better off (with) Ted, so she opts to let him stay.\nKramer vs. Kramer isn't as powerful today as it was in 1979 I imagine, primarily because people almost expect divorce to be a regular change of life as getting another job or another car. Oddly, among my social group, the majority of my friends are all still on their first marriage. Perhaps this is a counter-revolution against my parents' generation where divorce was so prevalent that it was almost irrational to see a two-parent home. The story runs the risk of becoming syrupy with Ted discovering that money isn't everything, but it's a credit to Hoffman that as an actor he can make the transition from workaholic to devoted father.\nThe film is also a pure showcase for Meryl Streep. In just the opening, in the silence of just Streep, we can see so much of the internal conflict within Joanna without Streep saying a word. Anyone who knew nothing of Kramer vs. Kramer would instantly know, just by her opening scene, that something was weighing deeply upon her. What is fascinating about writer/director Robert Benton's adaptation of Avery Corman's novel is that Joanna is nowhere being a 'villain'. She did leave her husband and child without explanation apart from that she doesn't love Ted anymore, but we also see in Streep and the screenplay that this was not an easy decision for her. Far from it, Joanna was a woman in conflict with herself, and despite her flaws she truly wants what's best for all concerned, even if she doesn't know what exactly 'the best is'.\nAlexander, always an underused actress, has a smaller role but is also strong and sympathetic as the woman who goes from Ted's antagonist to friend. Her scene as she is forced to testify in the Kramer case shows the conflict within both herself and between her two friends. She obviously hates being put in this situation and tries desperately to get Joanna to see Ted is a truly changed man.\nOf all the people in Kramer vs. Kramer whom I didn't like, it is Henry. I never shook off the idea that he was indeed a spoiled brat. Yes, I know Henry was suppose to show how being left by his mother was extremely hurtful, but given how irritating I found him (to where I was almost cheering him falling off the jungle gym) the pathos with Billy never worked for me. Well, at least up to a point: when Ted goes back to Billy's room after their epic fight I was slightly moved.\nHowever, looking back at this I don't understand how eight months after she walks out on him Ted still can't get things organized. I kept wondering, 'why doesn't he hire a part-time nanny?' Given how the Kramers weren't poor and he was highly successful, plus how Joanna apparently didn't ask for any money, he could afford a part-time person to help in the domestic side. Having a nanny would not have taken away from the 'message' of Better Parenting Through Divorce Kramer vs. Kramer was I think making. Perhaps, however, this is me using my own thinking if I had come upon this situation, when the movie was trying to make me decide that a father should have his son as his top priority.\nKramer vs. Kramer is not a bad film, far from it. However, I don't think it is as powerful or insightful as it might have been perceived back then. While I admire the craftsmanship behind Kramer vs. Kramer, all I could think of after watching it was that if there were such a thing as a Lifetime Men's Movie Channel, this and Brian's Song would be on constant rotation.\n1980 Best Picture: Ordinary People\nLabels: Best Picture Winners, Drama, Literary Adaptations, Review\nDoctor Who Story 029: The Tenth Planet\nSTORY 029: THE TENTH PLANET\nIce Station Cybermen...\nThe Tenth Planet is both a debut and farewell. It is the first Cyberman story, a monster that has become one of the most iconic of Doctor Who monsters (who have also undergone many alterations in design throughout the series). It is also the last First Doctor story, where we are left with the very first regeneration. While the actual look of the Cybermen themselves may disappoint (and actually, I figure it didn't look all that good the first go-round), the actual concept of the Cybermen is in itself a splendid one. The Tenth Planet also moves well and on the whole works, albeit not without a few hiccups.\nIt is the South Pole, 1986 (i.e. twenty years into the future). On Station Snowcap General Cutler (Robert Beatty) is overseeing the routine flight of a spaceship, Zeus IV. General Cutler (Robert Beatty) is running the International Space Command station while chief scientist Dr. Barclay (David Dodimead) handles the technical aspects. Two groups arrive at Station Snowcap. The first group is The Doctor (William Hartnell) and his Companions, Able Seaman Ben Jackson (Michael Craze) and Polly (Anneke Wills). The arrival of three humans in the middle of the South Pole startles the crew. They are taken but found to be harmless.\nInto this we find that Zeus IV is having technical issues. The instruments on Snowcap are also experiencing strange readings. The Doctor knows what it is, and soon his warnings are confirmed: a whole new planet is suddenly appearing. The Doctor knows what this planet it. It is Mondas, the Earth's twin planet, lost ages ago but now returning. With Mondas' arrival we also get new beings: metallic beings who call themselves Cybermen. They were once like Earthlings, but over time their body parts were replaced with robotic parts, keeping their brains but removing all things called 'emotions'. The fate of Zeus IV is irrelevant to them. Mondas is absorbing the Earth's energy and will soon destroy our world. With that, the Cybermen say they will take humans and turn them into Cybermen.\nCutler and Ben are able to defeat this Cyber-party, but it looks like Earth is doomed due to Mondas absorbing Earth's energy and bringing Earth to an inevitable explosion. Zeus IV is destroyed when it was dragged to Mondas and exploded due to the absorption of energy. Cutler decides that he will use the Z-Bomb, a Doomsday Device, to destroy Mondas. This of course could bring destruction to Earth, the nuclear force being so great it could wipe out the side of Earth that is facing Mondas. Just when he is needed the most, the Doctor has become violently ill and is out of commission. Cutler is also motivated by the fact that his son Terry (Callen Angelo) has been sent on a rescue mission to Zeus IV which was too late to save the ship and runs the risk of a similar fate. Ben, echoing the Doctor's previous warnings, begs Cutler not to take this act, saying that Mondas is absorbing so much energy that it will destroy itself. Barclay similarly insists on the dangers, but Cutler will not be dissuaded.\nBen and Barclay manage to sabotage the rocket that was to carry the Z-Bomb, and Cutler orders them killed. However, a new Cyber-party arrives in time to kill Cutler, inadvertently saving everyone else. The Cybermen, however, will now use the Z-Bomb against Earth to save Mondas, taking Polly as a hostage. The Doctor, Ben, and Barclay manage to delay long enough to see Mondas explode, and with that the Cybermen disintegrate. Ben and the Doctor rescue Polly, but now the Doctor tells them that it's far from being all over. Having complained earlier that 'this old body of mine is wearing a bit thin', he has them rush him back to the TARDIS, where he locks them out. Once they finally get inside, they find the Doctor collapsed on the floor. As the TARDIS starts dematerializing, the Doctor's face begins to change into someone else's...\nIt is the most tantalizing loss in the Doctor Who archive: the very first regeneration. The actual regeneration sequence does survive, thanks to a clip used on the children's program Blue Peter, but apart from that and a few off-screen recordings Episode Four of The Tenth Planet is lost. Both the surviving sequence and the animated reconstruction are quite effective and chilling. In fact, the animation for Episode Four gives indication that The Tenth Planet would have worked brilliantly as an anime-type story. The destruction of Mondas and the disintegration of the Cybermen in their animated form is brilliant, and I think looks better than the actual footage would have looked like.\nThe animation is the same as that from the missing episodes of The Reign of Terror, not as fluid as that of the animation for The Invasion, but this time I didn't find it as much of a hindrance as I did for Reign of Terror. I think it is probably because The Tenth Planet is science-fiction, so that kind of story lends itself better to animation than a historic-based story like Reign of Terror. Seeing the Cybermen animated also makes them more menacing, even if the initial Cyber-design was not the best. Fortunately, their design was worked on to where the Cybermen would become one of the great Doctor Who monsters rivaling the iconic Daleks.\nIn terms of performances Hartnell, though slowly slipping into illness that forced him (in part) to retire from the role, seems oddly invigorated as the Doctor. He still commands authority and mixes that with a genuine caring aspect for his Companions. The fact that Hartnell became ill during the making of Episode Three (thus basically writing him off that episode) works because we can imagine that in retrospect it is the beginning of his regeneration taking effect. His final moments as the Doctor were brilliant: a sense of fear and terror coming across as he is about to enter a new phase. Craze takes command as Ben Jackson, being less a man of action and more a man who needs to do things to save others, like a good Royal Navy crewman would. Wills, sadly, had the run of screaming and looking almost helpless, but that is a reflection of the times. However, she and Craze have a great rapport, especially when their Swinging London sensibilities come against the ancient Time Lord's more Edwardian outlook, particularly in clothes.\nThe design for the Cybermen, as I stated, were a bit odd-looking now. The costume, with that lantern on their head and the mask (whose mouth sometimes did not open when they first starting speaking) runs the risk of looking a bit comical now. However, they were quite effective whenever they killed, and the sing-song voice they used indicated correctly that they had something vaguely human about them but that they were not entirely machine or human. I have long wondered whether the Cybermen were the metaphorical ancestors of Star Trek's Borg, and hearing them say in Episode Four that \"Resistance is useless\" does heighten the suspicions.\nI do have some questions in Kit Pedler's screenplay (with Gerry Davis co-writing Episodes Three and Four). The Doctor has knowledge of Mondas' existence and who the inhabitants of said planet are, but we never learn how he came to this information. Having the Cybermen have two landing parties does seem a bit peculiar, as does their fortuitous arrival to save them from Cutler. In particular, the aspect of the Doctor knowing about Mondas but never learning how or why looks like it was thrown in just to have someone understand how this all came about. The subplot of the Cybermen going to Geneva in their plot to either destroy or take over the Earth also was a bit short-shifted.\nStill, apart from those aspects The Tenth Planet holds up extremely well and gives the First Doctor a proper send-off, leaving open so many possibilities that are now part of established Doctor Who Canon (regeneration, Cybermen). It's a very good story, acted well, which moves steadily and who uses the Doctor's absence effectively.\nSadly, the next two stories, the Second Doctor debut story The Power of the Daleks, and the historical adventure The Highlanders (which was the debut of Companion Jamie McCrimmon, the first Scottish Companion...sorry, Amy Pond), are lost, with no surviving episodes apart from short clips. The third story, The Underwater Menace, is the first semi-complete Second Doctor story, and in perhaps the strangest irony, the first completely intact Second Doctor story is Story 037...The Tomb of the Cybermen. The Tenth Planet moves well, has an interesting story, and despite the now-weak Cybermen look we can see how things will work out in the future.\nWe will not be deleted...\nNext Story: The Power of the Daleks\nNext Available Story: The Underwater Menace\nPosted by Rick at 3:26 PM 1 comment:\nLabels: 1st Doctor, Doctor Who, Television Programs\nEducation Gets in the Way of More Important Things\nWell, here we are again. School is starting to creep up on me. Please, it's overtaken me.\nLast semester was perhaps, no, it WAS the most traumatic one in my lifetime. There were times when I cried and when I thought I was having a heart attack, panic attack, stroke...you know, the average results from the Organization of Information course I survived (and passed, with a 79.5. That was my actual grade, and it still burns me up to think he couldn't have put 80, but 79.5).\nI'll reserve my views on said class and professor for another time, but because of school I will have to curtail my online activities. Like always this does not mean I will be quitting my reviews. Far from it. I'm sure there will always be a time to squeeze them in. However, school has to come first.\nMy plan is simple. I hope to write reviews, more than likely on Sundays, then schedule them for publication during the week. That may mean only two to three per week, depending on how fast I write.\nHowever, I like to look at this in a positive light. It might make me focus less on the most recent releases and more on the retrospectives I keep pushing aside (Best Picture, X-Men, The Essentials). Also, it might help remove the backlog of DVR films/programs I have by having me watch them instead of what came out that week. I will, hopefully, be able to write about a 2014 film, but between now and May there won't be many.\nThere is one real positive in all this. It allows me to talk up a new series that I'm looking forward to which may end up being the only thing I work on if school becomes too heavy. It is my reviews of the Academy Awards for every year from 1928 to 2014.\nIt's a new series I call Tuesdays With Oscar.\nAs the name implies, every Tuesday after this year's Academy Awards I will post my views on a particular year's Oscar nominees and winners, concluding with what would have been MY choices if I had had the power to make the selections based on the nominees. I probably will also throw in a \"Shadow Winner\", a film or person whom I think should have at least been nominated, but I can't make them the actual winner. Those I will draw only from the actual nominees.\nTuesdays With Oscar should start, God willing, March 11, the second Tuesday after this year's Oscars. I figure I will be writing about the winners that week, so the following week I hope to have my intro to Tuesdays With Oscar, then proceed from 1928 on downward.\nWith any luck, Spring 2014 will not be as burdensome or traumatic as Fall 2013. Only three more semesters to go...\nLabels: School\n12 Years A Slave (2013): A Review\nA True American Horror Story...\nThere's something to be said about people's refusal to accept things as they are. The Italian posters for 12 Years a Slave (12 Anni Schiavo) barely hints at the idea that the film has anything to do with the true-life story of Solomon Northup, a free black man in the North who was kidnapped and sold into slavery, where for those 12 years he endured horrors upon horrors until through a fortuitous twist of fate he was able to make contact with friends in the North who got him released. Instead, it focuses on the beauty of both Michael Fassbender and Brad Pitt, hovering over some anonymous black figure almost lost in the cotton fields. Yes, both Fassbender and Pitt are very pretty, but the sight of Brad Pitt looking down on us Christ-like is bizarre to say the least (perhaps ego-boosting and reflective of how Pitt may see himself, but that's neither here nor there). Even more bizarre, Pitt (one of the film's producers) has a very small part in 12 Years a Slave which does not justify his prominence in the poster, and Fassbender is the primary villain in 12 Years a Slave. I won't venture to guess why the actual subject of 12 Years a Slave was downplayed, though I am too kind-hearted to place nefarious motives on people. However, the film itself doesn't let up on the brutality of 'the peculiar institution', even if the only major difference between 12 Years a Slave and something like Roots is the degree to which the violence is displayed.\nSolomon Northup (Chiwetel Ejiofor) is a successful fiddler in New York State, with a wife, two children, and the general respect of the community. He comes upon two figures, a Mr. Hamilton and a Mr. Brown, who offer him a job playing with a circus. Needless to say, once they arrive in Washington, D.C., where he is plied with wine, there is no job waiting for him. Instead, he is taken by slave sellers and literally sold down the river. He protests his free status, but nothing doing: as far as the whites are concerned, he is a recaptured runaway slave named Platt. He is now sold, and his first owner is Mr. Ford (Benedict Cumberbatch), who on the whole has a sense of right and wrong. Ford, for example, attempts to buy Eliza (Adepero Oduye) and her two children, but the slave seller Freeman (Paul Giamatti) won't have it. The children are sold off, with a hysterical Eliza and distraught Solomon/Pratt going to Ford.\nSherlock Learns to Share\nFord reads The Word to his small group of family and slaves, and unlike others does not go to the slave quarters to enjoy the pleasures of their company. However, his carpenter John Tibeats (Paul Dano) has no problem being brutal. He is furious that Pratt has Ford's ear and respect, and at a certain point is so enraged by Pratt daring to insist that Tibeats is wrong that he attempts to strike Pratt. Solomon, however, defends himself, and it is only because the overseer gets there in time AND that technically Pratt is Ford's property that Solomon is saved from lynching (even if Solomon is left to hang until Ford cuts him down near sunset). As for Eliza, her constant crying over her lost children disturbs Mrs. Ford so much she cajoles her husband to get rid of her, and she is never to be seen or heard from again.\nWith things too hot for Pratt, Ford sells him to Edwin Epps (Michael Fassbender). Epps is the ultimate in derangement. He has the slaves who don't meet his cotton picking quota beaten. He gets his slaves to 'dance' in the European style in the middle of the night. Most telling, he subjects his best cotton picker, Patsey (Lupita Nyong'o) to torture, in turns going to her bed and brutalizing her. Mrs. Epps (Sarah Paulson) is fully aware of her husband's twisted and conflicted feelings for Patsey. She constantly pushes Epps to get rid of her, and she at one point throws a bottle at Patsey's face (making her denial of cookies to Patsey at one of the 'Negro dances' shocking in its tameness and pettiness, let alone gentleness, or as gentle as a woman who coolly assaults someone with a full bottle of liquor can be). Epps' insanity grows, going so far as to force Pratt to whip Patsey. Despite her pleas, Solomon cannot kill her to free her from this horror.\nInto his captivity, Solomon meets Bass (Brad Pitt), a Canadian who like all Canadians is gentle, kind, noble, and prescient. He knows that slavery is evil and will eventually devour America. Solomon takes a desperate chance and tells Bass his true identity. True to his word, Bass has made contact with people and Solomon is rescued from Epps' plantation. Epps is infuriated but there is nothing he can do, and with regards to Patsey, there is nothing Solomon can do. Solomon returns to his family, his children now grown, and with Solomon as a grandfather.\nWe are told in closing text that he sued his abductors, but being a black man he could not testify against whites in Washington, and the case in New York being dismissed. We also learn that what happened to Solomon Northup (his later life after he became active in the abolitionist movement and his death) is a mystery.\nDirector Steve McQueen (no relation to the late actor) does not water down the horrors Northup endured. Sometimes the accusation that he lingers too long on them (the attempted lynching lasting a while) appears justified, but it should be remembered that this is as close as we will be able to see just how insidious American slavery was without actually experiencing it itself. I say 'American slavery' because only in America is slavery, already a barbaric act, is tinged with racial attributes. Slavery in the past (and sadly, present) was more economically-based than race/ethnicity-centered (let us remember that 'slave' comes from 'Slav', i.e. Eastern Europeans). We are not allowed to remove ourselves from Solomon's plight, which must have affected uncounted hundreds, if not thousands.\nHow many other Solomon Northups must there have been? How many other free men and women were abducted and forced into slavery? How many families were callously broken up due to the idea that blacks were automatically property, no different than animals? The horror of American slavery has rarely been depicted to the extent it has been in 12 Years a Slave. It is a horrible thing to imagine, that there was a time when a piece of paper was the only thing that kept one from being a slave.\nHowever, that isn't to say it hasn't been depicted. In many ways, someone who has seen Roots has seen a version of 12 Years a Slave. There is the kidnapping, there is the idea of an uprising aboard the ship, the separation of families, the rape of women and creation of mixed-race children, the sympathetic and unsympathetic white characters. It may be that 12 Years a Slave is based on a personal narrative that lends it more impact than Alex Haley's novel, which may have been drawn from the Haley family oral tradition.\nThe acting is almost all excellent. Ejiofor brings dignity and inner strength and courage to Solomon, knowing he has to hold his head down to survive but also on occasion reaching a breaking point where he will not allow himself to endure without taking a stand. Solomon struggles, endures shocking acts, but he never loses his moral core. He cannot kill Patsey, even if by doing so he frees her from the hell of her existence. Fassbender is also fascinating as Epps, who I would argue is not evil but insane. Holding midnight dances for his slave is perhaps his irrational behavior at its most tame, but in his paranoia, his brutality/obsession with Patsey, Epps appears to be a man driven or pushed into insanity by the evil he allows to grow. Cumberbatch as Ford appears to be kind, and perhaps in real life he was more considerate of his slaves than others.\nHowever, as Eliza points out, he is still a slaver. Ford still owns people, he still does not appear to see the contradiction between being a good Christian man and being a slave owner (or using that deplorable word to describe African-Americans, sadly used by African-Americans themselves to describe each other). 12 Years a Slave doesn't answer that. Instead, we are asked only to see how slavery was, and I imagine the portrayal of it is sadly an accurate portrayal of how dreadful it all was.\nNyong'o is so heartbreaking as Patsey, someone who is trying to survive as Epps brutalizes her body, mind, and soul. Her performance is raw and honest and tormenting, when we see how she is fiercely beaten for getting soap or how Mistress Epps so torments her for things not of her own doing.\nHere is one aspect of 12 Years a Slave that I did have trouble with. Both Sarah Paulson's Mistress Epps and Liza Bennett's Mistress Ford behave and act so alike that one would not be blamed for thinking Epps married Ford's wife.\nAnother aspect is the use of flashbacks, which momentarily disorient the viewer and which do what a lot of films with flashbacks do: start us somewhere, take us back and then go chronologically until we get to the starting point, only to not have that serve as the end but as just a particular point where we pick up the story and continue.\nOne good decision in John Ridley's adaptation of Northup's memoirs is to not have the slaves speak in clichéd broken English. Instead, they speak with mostly proper English, which lends the characters more dignity than their owners would ever grant them.\n12 Years a Slave is a hard film to see in many ways. However, it is a film that is as close to what the actual experiences of a slave would have been that we are likely to see. As I said the African-American pre-Civil War experience has been seen before, and it is a strong historic film which will serve as instruction of how things were. I don't know if 12 Years a Slave is a film that will be seen regularly. It is certainly not a film to be 'enjoyed' in the traditional sense of the word as in 'deriving pleasure' from it. However, 12 Years a Slave is a film that cannot be denied its power, its horror, and its ability to display the dark and evil of man to his fellow man.\n1808-circa 1857\n2014 Best Picture Winner: Birdman\nLabels: 2013, Best Picture Winners, Biopic, Drama, Historic Film, Review\nTom Jones (1963): A Review\nCarry On Fielding...\nTom Jones is a comedy, a romp that mixes ever-so-proper British class sense with Swingin' London sensibility. It never takes itself seriously. That may be why I didn't exactly dislike Tom Jones but I never could get into its self-consciously zany spirit. Tom Jones I figure was wildly outrageous when it premiered, and I think it has aged a bit since then. While it isn't a terrible film, I could never work up the enthusiasm for it either.\nTom Jones (Albert Finney) is a founding, a child of unknown parentage. All that is really known is that this child, found in Squire Allworthy's bed, is the son of Jenny Jones (Joyce Redman), house servant of said Squire Allworthy (George Devine) and the barber Mr. Partridge (Jack MacGowaran). Mr. Partridge denies he is the father, but no matter: he is disgraced nonetheless. Squire Allworthy decides he will raise this Tom Jones as his own, and he grows in strength and beauty. Although he is a very randy fellow (falling into the arms of almost any available woman, who willing fall into Tom's arms), he is at heart a very good man. Not so the Squire's nephew Blifil (David Warner), who outwardly is very moral and devout but who has a heart of stone and has secret lecherous desires. Making things more complicated is that despite Tom's many romps his heart belongs to only one: the beautiful, pure Sophie Western (Susannah York), daughter of another squire, Squire Western (Hugh Griffith). Being a bastard, Tom cannot marry a woman of quality. What's a boy to do?\nWell, if you're Tom Jones, that means enjoy the pleasures of the company of ye olde town wench Molly (Diane Cilento), who ends up knocked up (fortunately, we discover it isn't Tom's...she is the local trollop after all). Still, there is no chance of Tom marrying the beautiful Sophie, and after Squire Allworthy's sister dies, only Blifil knows a secret via a letter that he has been instructed to give to his uncle but which he keeps secret.\nSquire Allworthy comes close to death, and he opts to give Tom some money and a chance to make his own life. Tom has many adventures and romps, mostly involving getting into and/or out of a woman's bed. Among them is the luscious Mrs. Waters, with whom he shares a highly erotic meal. Sophie, horrified at the prospect of having to marry Blifil, flees, aided by her cousin Mrs. Fitzpatrick (Rosalind Knight), who is also running from her violent husband. It's a wild chase of Tom being chased by Squire Western, Sophie being chased by her aunt Miss Western (Edith Evans), all these groups missing each other by the narrowest of margins.\nTom and Sophie separately get to London, where Tom (who still loves Sophie) nevertheless becomes a virtual gigolo to the Notorious Lady Bellaston (Joan Greenwood). Tom is framed for attempted robbery and sentenced to hang, but we get a good final twist: the contents of the letter are at last revealed. Tom is not Jenny Jones' child. Instead, he is the child of Squire Allworthy's sister!\nThank Heavens for that, since Tom had very little problem going to bed with Jenny Jones, who is also the luscious Mrs. Waters! That's right: thanks to this twist, we avoided the comedic aspects of incest!\nNow discovering that Tom is his true heir, Allworthy gets a pardon and rushes to the prison, disinheriting Blifil in the process. Unfortunately, Tom is already literally 'hanging about' until at the last possible moment, it is Squire Western who charges in to rescue Tom. Now that Tom is heir to a squire, all marriages are possible, including to the beautiful and pure Sophie.\nI have a resistance to films that are conscious of how 'clever' they think they are, and Tom Jones is such a film. Everything about it to me tries so hard to be 'funny' that I found it more trying than amusing. It starts with the famous opening, done in the style of a slapstick silent film punctuated with John Addison's score (and the voice-over narration by Micheal Mac Liammoir adds to its own 'zaniness'). We get more indications that Tom Jones is suppose to be funny with its sped-up camera work at various points (the opening, a chase where Squire Western comes close to catching Tom with his pants literally down and his daughter--though not together), and at other times when the characters are fully aware that they are in a movie (Tom at one point covers the camera with his hat, and at other times they speak directly to us, Mrs. Waters summing up the goings-on before people attempt to rescue Tom from the gallows).\nNew meaning to 'eating out'...\nAll these details I figure must have been daring if not outrageous in 1963, but I think they look dated now. Tom Jones is stuck between being a period costume film and being a farce, and as I watched I figured it played more as parody of stuffy old period films with a rollicking bawdy story than a film whose characters and situations I actually cared about.\nIn terms of performances I think they were excellent. Albert Finney is a great Tom, dashing, daring, lusty and unapologetic about it. However, I never believed he could be such a slut and still have this 'pure love' for Sophie. He is a man who loves sex regardless of who it is: an older woman, an easy woman, a woman whom people think is his own mother. \"I am used, Madam, to submit\", Tom tells Lady Bellaston. \"If you take my heart by surprise the rest of my body has the right to follow.\"\nYork is also excellent as the pure Sophie, who mercifully is not as dim as her character might have become. I wasn't too impressed with Griffith's broad manner as Squire Western.\nThe performances are good and I can't fault them for knowingly playing things for laughs. However, for me I think Tom Jones plays and thinks it's funny but I don't remember laughing (the idea that Tom may have slept with his mother doesn't make things better, I should add. Granted, we know she isn't, but still...).\nPerhaps the big surprise is in that John Osborne, who originated the 'angry young man' with his plays Look Back in Anger and The Entertainer, adapted this wild romp. Who figured he would have ANY sense of humor, let alone one so knowing of its own lunacy? It does have lines that even today are quite daring and I daresay wittily subversive. After one romp, Tom begins looking for a cat. One of the characters asks, \"Where's Tom's pussy?\" Read into that what you will.\nI have never been a fan of voice-overs, and Tom Jones did hand over too much time to them. The deliberate sped-up chases got more on my nerves than make me laugh. For me, Tom Jones is a curious little film (except for length, for it is a little over two hours), something that in its time must have seemed zany and even avant-garde but now looks a bit dusty, even old-fashioned. Granted, seeing a fight break out to Our God Our Help in Ages Past is amusing, but on the whole I don't think I'd like to have another romp with Tom Jones.\nTom Jones:\nSex Bomb\nDECISION: C-\n1964 Best Picture Winner: My Fair Lady\nLabels: Best Picture Winners, Comedies, Criterion Collection, Literary Adaptations, Review\nAmerican Hustle: A Review (Review # 605)\nThe Cons Are Pros, The Pros Conned...\nIt's hard to empathize with people as morally corrupt as those in American Hustle. Even the 'good' guys are slightly disreputable, and the 'bad' guys are perhaps fooling themselves more than their marks. This concept of people constantly putting themselves up as something other than what they are could serve as the theme of American Hustle, where those who are trying to get ahead by scamming the other guy end up getting scammed themselves, or do they.\nContrary to what people may have heard, the story is not as complicated as advertised. Based on the ABSCAM FBI investigation of government officials, American Hustle starts with Irving Rosenfeld (Christian Bale), who has a good confidence scheme bilking people out of small amounts in exchange with the promise (though not guarantee) of more. Soon, Irving meets and begins an affair with Sydney Prosser (Amy Adams), upping the ante by adding a touch of class to the scheme by having her pose as 'Lady Edith Greensley', a British titled woman. The scam soon attracts the attention of one Richie DiMaso (Bradley Cooper), FBI agent with burning ambition. He puts the squeeze on both Irving and Lady Edith (he has no idea she is actually American) to help him in his own investigation of corrupt government officials. His main target? His Honor, Camden Mayor Carmine Polito (Jeremy Renner), whom he believes is corrupt and apt for bribery.\nPolito, however, is actually a very nice guy, who genuinely cares for his constituency. Irving starts to become fond of Carmine, and the relationships between Irving, Sydney/Edith, and Richie soon start getting complicated. Sydney/Edith appears to be playing Richie, or could it be that because Irving won't/can't leave his adopted child and his wife Rosalyn (Jennifer Lawrence), a loose cannon if ever there was one. In turns jealous, emotional, and insecure, Rosalyn and Sydney are engaged in a war over their man.\nRichie, who has both fallen hard for 'Edith' and become more filled with dreams of a major bust to boost his FBI career, keeps growing the investigation larger and larger, much to Irving's objections. He insists that it is better to make this a small operation to keep it under control. Richie's ego, however, keeps getting in the way. Moreover, the continued love triangle keeps making things more complicated. Then there is the issue of the Mob getting involved in all this shady business.\nEventually, Richie bites off more than he can chew, and despite himself he gets too caught up in all the planning, the scheming, and is himself conned by the experts. Sydney and Irving get together, Carmine does get caught up in the ABSCAM fallout but in exchange for getting the money back to the FBI he gets a reduced sentence, and Rosalyn gives Irving the divorce and marries a man she had met at a crucial party where all our characters meet and agendas collide.\nSee, it wasn't all that complicated, was it?\nAmerican Hustle borrows heavily from Martin Scorsese's cinematic style, particularly Goodfellas. We have the rapid camera movement. We have the voice-over from the various characters explaining motivations. We have a fierce devotion to the time period. Interestingly, both Goodfellas and American Hustle take place in the 1970s, and the attention to detail in both music and clothing is one of the highlights of both films. Regarding American Hustle, director David O. Russell (who co-wrote the screenplay with Eric Warner Singer) does as close as anyone has come to making a Scorsese film that wasn't actually a Scorsese film itself.\nThe film has solid performances all around. Christian Bale makes Irving both a figure of ridicule (that comb-over! that belly!) and perhaps the smartest, even the most transformed character. He is a charlatan, makes no apologies for it, but doesn't want to take down Carmine because he sees that the Mayor really has his heart in the right place (if not the way of getting there). Amy Adams gives just one of the best performances of the year that I've seen as Sydney. Her faux-British accent never falters, and in many ways she is playing two characters: Sydney herself, and Sydney-as-Edith. We never really figure out what her true motivations regarding Richie are. Does she really fall for him? Is she using him? If she is using him, is it to save her own skin or because she loves Irving?\nBradley Cooper is continuing his march to being an actual actor and not just a pretty man with beautiful eyes. Richie is the classic hero who falls due to his hubris. Outwardly confident, he lives at home and never thinks things through. Even when Sydney dares to unmask herself he still doesn't quite get it. Moreover, Richie's inability to measure himself and realize that things are becoming too big for him make him in many ways. If we go for any actual showcase in terms of performances, it has to be Lawrence's wild, unhinged, uninhibited Rosalyn, who infuriates and actually endears herself as the complicated figure who nearly brings the whole enterprise down due to her own inability to control herself (yes, there is something funny when Rosalyn describes to the unwitting Mob guy she likes her husband's work with 'that curly-haired IRS guy, tipping the Mob off about how something's amiss in all this).\nI think it would be unfair to leave out Renner, who doesn't get as much attention as the four main characters, but whose Mayor is by all measures a nice fellow who does the wrong things for the right reasons. There is also an appearance by Robert DeNiro which reminds us of how good DeNiro can be when he isn't making money by parodying himself.\nRussell also goes out of his way to make American Hustle a fantastic-looking film. The big piece where all the characters get together for a party is filmed so overtly cinematically (smoke and flashing lights), but at least within the confines of the story, it doesn't look like they are out of place. It makes the appearance of the Wife and the Mistress at the same event one filled with tension. American Hustle is so entrenched in the era that we are totally taken in to seeing the film as a document of the curious decade of disco, stagflation, and one can see that perhaps it isn't so far removed from the setting of something like Argo.\nIf I were to fault American Hustle for something, it is that the Scorsese-like voice-overs (by Bale, Adams, and to a lesser degree Cooper) are introduced, then basically forgotten. Same goes for the non-linear story, where we start at Point A, then go back in time to get to Point A in the middle of the film, and then continue chronologically. I made a note that the voice-overs also do a show-and-tell, where we are told something, then shown what we were told. I'm not a fan of that kind of working.\nStill, we do laugh at these characters (Richie and Irving's vanity, Rosalyn's wildness, Sydney's cleavage...well, maybe not laugh at that but thought it deserved a mention), and the situations can be funny and clever at the same time. It is a long picture, but excellently crafted and performed.\nWho is the master: the artist or the forger? Irving asks Richie this when he reveals that the painting he's admiring in a museum (a sideline for Irving) is a fake, one of his own too. There is no deception here: American Hustle is simply an excellent film all around, not just about how 'some of the things in the film actually happened' as the opening title tells us, but about the unique ability to deceive ourselves and others is perhaps one of humanity's greatest characteristics.\nOne more thing. American Hustle is so true to its 1970s style that for the life of me whenever I think of the film, all I can see is Amy Adams and Bradley Cooper going to a disco, getting their groove on to Donna Summer's I Feel Love. I don't know if it will become an iconic scene, but is it a highlight in a film full of them.\nDECISION: A-\nLabels: 2013, Comedies, Crime Drama, Masterpieces, Nonfiction Adaptations, Review\nElementary: On the Line Review\nELEMENTARY: ON THE LINE\nCops Have No Holmes...\nSherlock Holmes, in his various guises, has rarely had much regard for police officers. Plodders and half-wits who bumble and stumble to success, coppers are not the heroes in the Canon. Those Sherlock does think somewhat well of (Inspectors Lestrade and Gregson) are 'the best of a bad lot'. Low praise indeed from the world's greatest consulting detective. Elementary continues that proud tradition of Sherlock Holmes regarding most police officers with contempt. We've seen this in An Unnatural Arrangement, where a genuinely puzzled Holmes wonders who Detective Baskin, who has asked Joan Watson for help in his own case, is. \"What's a Baskin?\" he asks his protégé, adding that when it comes to the rest of the precinct, all other officers fall under the moniker \"Not Bell\" (a reference to Detective Marcus Bell, with whom Sherlock and Joan work with). In On the Line, that conflict between Captain Gregson's reliance on Holmes and the precinct's dislike for him comes to fruition, and we also get a fascinating case with an exceptionally strong guest star performance.\nSherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) has been working as a consultant for the NYPD for some time, and while Captain Gregson (Aidan Quinn) has total faith in his work, the other officers do not. This comes to a head with the apparent murder of Samantha Wabash. She was found dead by a bridge, shot in the head. Holmes quickly puts it together that it was not murder but suicide (which isn't a surprise since we saw it all happen), but we then discover that this whole situation emerged due to a cold case. Samantha's sister Allie was murdered years ago, and Samantha knows who did it. It was Lucas Bundsch (Troy Garity), but she has never been able to prove it. With a mixture of desperation and turmoil, Samantha's attempts to frame Bundsch for her own 'murder' flopped, but now Holmes suspects that there is more to the Wabash murder than first thought.\nHe decides this cold case deserves to be opened, and Detective Coventry (Chris Bauer) is extremely unhappy about this. In reality, Coventry reflects the views of most of the precinct, who think Holmes is an interloper and an arrogant prick to boot (their views on Watson, though not specifically addressed, I figure are a mix of general indifference, slight annoyance that she's with Holmes, and an object of desire). Holmes really has no time to hold the precinct's collective hands, nor to go into a charm offensive with them. He has work to do, and do it he will, his way.\nBundsch however, has taken things to a new level. He now begins to taunt Holmes, who suspects that he is a serial killer. Again, there is no solid proof, but Holmes is on to him. Holmes and Watson now come upon the link between Allie and other victims: it isn't similarity but geography that places him as a suspect in more crimes. One of them is that of the disappearance of Kathy Spaulding. Her husband Tim (Eric Sheffer Stevens) has joined an online support group, and there he has made contact with another potential victim's mother, Cynthia Tilden. Making contact, Holmes and Watson go to Syracuse, but soon discover that this was all a rouse, for the woman they find is not the actual victim's mother.\nAn enraged Sherlock knows he's been hoodwinked, and in his anger finds Bundsch and strikes him, despite being taken off this case. The anger Holmes has makes him contemplate framing Bundsch (which is what Samantha tried to do in the beginning), and it takes all of Watson's persuading to stop him from following on this. However, Bundsch actually made one mistake (apart from taunting Holmes with news of a new potential victim), one involving the size of his recording studio, and this is the key to not only save newest abductee but also Mrs. Spaulding, traumatized but still alive.\nHolmes tells Watson he is not a nice man and knows it, so Joan is going to have to live with it. Captain Gregson tells his men that while he knows they are all good officers, Holmes is here to stay, so anyone who has a problem with it, well, the door's that'away.\nThis is an interesting case in that Holmes finds that getting at the solutions is easy, getting to the motives is hard. Behind the cold exterior that finds the death on the bridge amazingly easy to solve, Holmes discovers that it is not just a case of getting to the truth, but to \"the truth\". It is also wonderful to see Holmes come across an adversary who, while not as brilliant as him, still manages to push his buttons. I wondered whether Sherlock Holmes was losing focus on solving the case, letting his ego get in the way. It might have been that in another time he would have framed Bundsch (and successfully so), but now he has something he probably wouldn't admit he needs but has come to rely on: a support system of I daresay 'friends' who are just as valuable at getting to the conclusion as his own intellectual prowess.\nDespite himself Sherlock Holmes has evolved this season of Elementary, and that is a credit to both Jonny Lee Miller's performance, the writing (in this case, Jason Tracey), and series showrunner/creator Robert Doherty. With Miller, he allows those little cracks of humanity, compassion, and even vulnerability to creep through: his rage at Bundsch's manipulation, his reluctant admission that Watson has a tempering effect on him, while maintaining that somewhat high regard for himself (and low regard for officers not named Gregson or Bell).\nElementary is turning into a strong show that is slipping out of other Sherlock Holmes adaptations' shadows, Miller as the head and Watson as the heart. In many ways, this is the way it has always been in the Canon, but I digress.\nGarity does a good turn as the manipulative Bundsch. Did it veer a bit towards the 'I'm evil and I know it' school of villainy? Perhaps, but now after seeing Jim Moriarty from Sherlock, I'd say Garity was an exercise in restraint. I also thought well of Tracey's screenplay addressing something that had not been covered: how the precinct itself thinks of Holmes. Most of these brash New York cops aren't happy (and I imagine most in Scotland Yard weren't thrilled either), but at least they were not painted as all villains or just jealous. They were seen more as aggravated at this man who has 'bewitched' their Captain than just hateful for hate's sake. On the Line also gives Quinn a chance to show that Gregson is both loyal and appreciative of Holmes' skills.\nI thought the twists worked well and was highly impressed by them, and felt it was positive that we were allowed to have Mrs. Spaulding live to be reunited with her husband. So often in police procedurals we get there too late, so to see a happy reunion is a nice touch.\nI was impressed with the case, with the twists and turns to get to the resolution, and with the continuing exploration of Sherlock Holmes as a person, not just as a cold, logical thinking machine. I was highly impressed with On the Line, and think Elementary has done some of its best work in this episodes, with hopefully more like it in the future.\nNext Episode: Tremors\nLabels: Elementary, Sherlock Holmes, Television Programs\nElementary: Blood Is Thicker Review\nELEMENTARY: BLOOD IS THICKER\nMycroft Management...\nBlood Is Thicker keeps a pretty strong balance between the mystery and the interpersonal entanglements of the characters. We also get a wonderful ending that leaves us wondering where Elementary Season Two will end up.\nSherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) and his brother Mycroft (Rhys Ifans) appear to be building rapport with each other after years of estrangement. Things are going so well for the Holmes Brothers that Mycroft suggests that Sherlock might want to return to London, permanently. Sherlock is momentarily flummoxed by all this. In another part of town, a delivery man is driving around with a corpse on top of his truck, unaware that a dead woman is literally being taken for a ride. Joan Watson (Lucy Liu) and Sherlock now come to investigate this bizarre crime.\nWe find that the victim is Hailey Tyler (Kersti Bryan), the illegitimate daughter of Ian Gale (William Sadler), an inventor and high-tech tycoon. This Steve Jobs-like figure has more in common with the late Apple founder than just that: Ian also happens to be dying. While this information is top-secret (knowledge would plunge company stock) that instantly removes him from a suspect. We then move on to two other suspects, Ian's wife Natalie (Margaret Colin) whose prior medical knowledge gives her a leg-up in how Hailey was killed, and Hailey's violent boyfriend Ray (Kieran Campion).\nIn the end we discover that Hailey was in no condition to help her biological father in his health issues. Far from it: she was ill to two weeks prior to her murder, so with some fake lab work we find that maybe it isn't Hailey's murder they should be investigating. Maybe it's Gale's. Once we find who the actual victim is, we find the killer of father AND daughter. We also find that Sherlock and Joan decline Mycroft's request to return to London. At Mycroft's Diogenes Restaurant, he calls a mysterious number, telling the person on the other end that he couldn't persuade Sherlock to return, and that they will have to find another way to get him to come back.\nOh, there it is: that big tease, that little nugget of future stories where we are left to wonder what is going to happen and how it will all play out. Blood is Thicker ends with a big tease, and what a tease it is. We are left with so many questions about what Mycroft is up to, whether this 'let's be friends' business was a shameless rouse, or again, is there something more, something deeper. Ifans plays it all so beautifully: the sincerity of Mycroft's motives to rebuild a relationship with Sherlock, the mysterious nature of his motives to bring his little bro back to London. I don't think Mycroft's motives can be thoroughly guessed at now. We can guess that there is something nefarious behind this duplicitous act of Mycroft. However, can we say that for certain?\nThis is the great thing about Ifans' performance: so much can be read within it without giving anything away. It truly allows us to take guesses, to figure where this tantalizing story is going but Ifans and Mycroft won't tell us anything. In many ways, it is Ifans who is the showcase in Blood is Thicker. He is proving to be an excellent Mycroft, shadowy figure in the Holmes Family.\nI liked the fact that Liu's Joan Watson is showing her skills in detecting. She is the one who thinks that maybe the crime in question is not the crime presented. It is also good to see that it is her medical knowledge that leads her to put things together. So often in Canon adaptations Watson's medical background and experience is either underused or not used at all, for Watson is too often made the bumbling nitwit/stooge (NO thank you, Nigel Bruce). Here, I'm glad that her expertise is what lead to solving the crime(s). Miller still does well as the difficult Holmes, but to his credit he does allow moments of humanity to creep in. Would he really go back to London? The fact that he appears to have some détente with Mycroft shows that despite himself, there is a beating heart within Sherlock. Whether he wants to admit it or not is another thing entirely.\nIn terms of the crime, there were good twists and turns, though the parallel between Gale and Jobs is a bit too much to imagine that Bob Goodman's screenplay didn't draw inspiration from Jobs' life (a dying tech genius with an illegitimate child unknown to the world). We do, however, get good ways of getting clues, along with some clever quips. The way Sherlock finds where Ray may be is due to the DVR programming. \"Televisions are idiot boxes. DVRs are idiot helpers. We are the idiots,\" he states. After Ray is arrested, he remarks at the station that his horse finally, literally, comes in, and they arrest him.\nI found that on the whole Blood is Thicker has some great moments of humor and a truly fascinating cliffhanger that HAS to pay off big-time or it will be disastrous. So far I have high hopes for this plot thread: it worked well with Moriarty. With a great performance from Rhys Ifans, I think Blood is Thicker keeps us wondering about when the other shoe will drop...and thus, makes us want to watch to see what happens in the future.\nFor full disclosure, I have Elementary set on my DVR. Read into that what you will.\nNext Episode: On the Line\nMud (2012): A Review\nMud made me think that certain elements of Great Expectations in that the youth help a fugitive and how adults use children for their own selfish ends. What I found at the end of Mud was that it was a strong tale of human frailty and corruption, if one that was a.) a bit too long and b.) a little overt in its symbolism and parallel between adults and children.\nTwo boys in semi-rural Arkansas, Ellis (Tye Sheridan), and Neckbone (Jacob Lofland) live by the river, Ellis making a living from the fish he sells with and for his father Senior (Ray McKinnon). There is family tension: Senior and Mary Lee (Sarah Paulson), Ellis' mother, are in the middle of a struggle over the family's future. This is going on under the radar for Ellis. Neckbone, who lives with his Uncle Galen (Michael Shannon), a sex addict, gets Ellis to see a strange sight. Going downriver, they encounter a boat caught up in the trees. They decide they will make this their own, until they realize someone is actually living there.\nThey find this strange character, who calls himself Mud (Matthew McConaughey). He says he comes from their hometown, and that he is waiting on a woman (to quote a song). In exchange for food, Mud will give them rights to the boat (and his gun, at Neckbone's insistence). Mud soon gives up more information: the woman he is waiting for is one he killed for, defending her against a man who knocked her up and was abusing her. That woman, the boys find, is indeed nearby. She is Juniper (Reese Witherspoon), However, she too is being followed, by the vengeful King Carver (Joe Don Baker), the father of the murdered man, who brings his other son and bounty hunters to find Mud. Ellis has fallen in love with an older high school student, but this is short-lived, with his temper flaring at the rejection.\nEventually, the boys find that Juniper may not be the best woman for Mud, and even Mud's mentor, Tom (Sam Shepard), who lives across the river from Ellis' family, can persuade Mud from trying to get back to her. Ellis and Neckbone steal parts to help Mud put the boat back together, but Senior discovers his son's thievery. A hurt Ellis accuses Mud of manipulating them both to get away, and in his anger falls into a pit with poisonous snakes. Mud risks everything to save Ellis, but this alerts King. Mud wants to see Ellis is all right, so he gets Neckbone to guide him to Ellis' riverboat home. King and his mercenaries are waiting for him, and a battle ensues. Tom uses his talents as a sharpshooter to help Mud, and while Ellis, who now no longer lives by the river, does not know if Mud survived, we find that he did, Tom helping him escape down the Mississippi.\nHomage to Herzog?\nI think the problem I had with Mud, if I can call it a problem, is how writer/director Jeff Nichols is a bit heavy-handed with the symbolism and parallels he is trying to showcase. There is a lot of 'snake' within Mud, but figurative and literal. There are snake tattoos, snakes in the river, people being 'snakes' to others. There is also how Ellis' love life is mirroring Mud's, with the woman who does not share his enthusiasm for the man.\nStill, like I said, these are not impediments to me seeing Mud as a strong film, where we see good performances from the cast all around. Of particular note are the boys. Sheridan in particular as Ellis shows that with good parts and steady direction he has a strong future in film. He makes the admiration and disillusionment of Ellis believable and natural. Lofland and Neckbone also shines, though he is a supporting character to Ellis. Mud, despite the title, is really Ellis' story from boy to man, understanding the duplicitous and dark nature of the adults.\nSpeaking of adults, it is incredible to find that somewhere buried in the bare chest and drawl there is an actual actor in McConaughey. For too long he's been letting his lackadaisical manner and swagger get in the way, and here he makes it possible to believe that someone like Mud could charm the kids into taking his side, while keeping something of a child's belief in the purity of the love for Juniper true. Witherspoon also does some of her best work as Juniper, who is a good girl gone bad or maybe a bad girl who keeps hoodwinking Mud to be her protector because she knows he always will (even when it is not warranted). I was also impressed by McKinnon, an actor who really should work more.\nMud has a lot of stories to tell, particularly with Ellis: his family, his girl, Mud, but while the story buckles at times by all that it does not break. As I said, sometimes the symbolism and parallel lives of Mud and Ellis are laid on a little thick, but on the whole Mud does a fine job of detailing how sometimes the ones we love and/or admire are not worthy of such things, and that it takes more than a gun to be a man.\nLabels: 2013, Crime Drama, Review\nElementary: The Marchioness Review\nELEMENTARY: THE MARCHIONESS\nThis is a Work of Mycroft...\nThere is a lot to be said about Rhys Ifans' return as Sherlock Holmes' older brother Mycroft. It shows Ifans to be a.) a strong actor (though I might never forgive him for that 'Shakespeare was a fake' movie), and b.) he brings more levity to the proceedings. This Mycroft also appears to be determined to mend fences with his little brother Sherlock, but again, appearances are deceiving. The Marchioness, the first of two stories with Ifans' guest character, does a good job on the character-building Elementary is strong at, but stumbles in terms of the actual case, and the fact that it draws from Canon shows that The Marchioness was in some respects, a wasted opportunity.\nSherlock Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) is at a sobriety meeting and shares rather intimate feelings, so having his brother Mycroft pop up infuriates him. Apparently Sherlock's maid (how I hope it was Ms. Hudson, who sadly doesn't appear) told Mycroft where his brother was. Mycroft has come to New York to ask Sherlock's help in a case. This case involves Nigella Mason, Marchioness of Suffolk (Olivia D'Abo). This is the same Nigella Mason who had been engaged to Mycroft until Sherlock slept with her to prove she was a golddigger. Sherlock is convinced the Marchioness (who held on to her noble title after divorcing the Marquis), is up to no good.\nThe Marchioness had a retired racing horse, Silver Blaze, who she puts out to stud. At the stables where Silver Blaze is housed, her boyfriend Dalton has been murdered. At the crime scene Sherlock finds fingerprints on a tree and deduces that they belong to the killer, and that he is missing a finger on his left hand. The fingerprints have been traced to unsolved crimes believed to be committed by a notorious hitman named El Mecanico (The Mechanic), who works for a drug cartel. El Mecanico now has targeted the Marchioness for extermination.\nThe investigation turns its sights on Aguilar, a racing enthusiast who recently had a colt sired by Silver Blaze. Watson and the Holmes Brothers go see Nutmeg, the new colt birthed by Twice for No, but despite having a colt bred from a champion Aguilar sold Nutmeg rather quickly. Sherlock now puts the final piece together and confronts the marchioness. He exposes her as a fraud, she had sold the breeding services not of Silver Blaze himself (who had died) but of Silver Blaze's brother, holding on to Silver Blaze's hair and blood samples to provide DNA proof.\nThat still doesn't give us the killer El Mecanico. Reviewing video tapes of one of El Mecanico's crimes, among the witnesses is a man with a missing finger. The witness, Keith Newell (Andrew Samonsky) looks good, but the fingerprints don't match. Sherlock, however, won't give up on the witness/killer. As it stood, Sherlock finds a case where fingerprints were lifted that do match. It involves a missing homeless man and a park built up thanks to stimulus money. The case and El Mecanico are caught. While Nigella, Marchioness of Suffolk's role in all this is kept out of the newspapers, the Holmes Brothers let her know she has to leave the horse-breeding business. With that, Mycroft and Sherlock Holmes are left together, attempting to start a working relationship.\nOh yes, there is that little matter of Joan and Mycroft's tryst when they were in London.\nConfessions of a Dangerous Mind\nThe mention of Silver Blaze is a good nod to the original Canon, and on the whole I thought it worked. It isn't to say it couldn't have been better, for the actual story Silver Blaze is better, but then again Elementary has a habit of taking elements from Canon and using them as springboards for its one stories. Christopher Hollier and Craig Sweeny's screenplay also does well in showing the parallel stories of brothers (Silver Blaze and the Holmes Brothers). When Nigella says that Silver Blaze's brother 'didn't amount to much', she might just as well have been speaking in regards of how Sherlock and Mycroft see each other. It might not have been as well explored as perhaps it could have been, but at least it is there, so it is a sign of how good Elementary has become.\nIn regards to the actual mystery, I think that it was a bit too convoluted with all this fingerprint business. However, in this case I really think the actual mystery was not as important as the interplay between Joan, Sherlock, Mycroft, and Nigella. Each performance is top-notch. Seeing Sherlock in a vulnerable position when he talks about how perhaps he should have been born in another time (technically, he was) was so well-done. Ifans' Mycroft has that wonderful British understatement (he describes his illness, of which Sherlock knew nothing about until that point) as having 'a spot of leukemia'. D'Abo makes Marchioness Suffolk both a terrible snob (Best line: Of course I don't know anyone in the Robles Cartel. I'm in the peerage) and a rather dim-witted woman. Liu does equally well in keeping Watson as a sensible person, with perhaps one curious decision.\nIt is revealed that Joan and Mycroft did indeed have sex in the events of Step Nine. At first, I thought this was all in Sherlock's imagination but find that indeed it is true. Is this a good thing? Well, I know some people who are highly angered by this, others who think its a great thing. I think it is out-of-character for Joan to just leap into bed with someone like Mycroft, so I think this really is just a way to give Joan some kind of action. We are however, left to wonder what Mycroft's motivation is for sleeping with Joan. Joan is too smart a woman to be so easily misled, so my thinking is that she was just a woman who succumbed to loneliness. Still, the actual performances in all three of the characters in the tense dinner scene worked well.\nOn the whole the actual case brings down The Marchioness, but the performances from Miller, Liu, D'Abo and Ifans lift the story and make it worth watching. It could have been better, but the acting and the exploration of the characters' lives do it justice.\nNext Episode: Blood Is Thicker\n2013: MY Nominees\nElementary: An Unnatural Arrangement Review\nElementary: Ancient History Review\nElementary: Poison Pen Review\nBen-Hur Retrospective: The Conclusions\nTurbo: A Review\nPercy Jackson: Sea of Monsters. A Review\nWhat Am I Missing? Sherlock: Season One. An Overview\nSherlock: The Great Game Review\nAin't Them Bodies Saints: A Review\nMandela: Long Walk to Freedom. A Review (Review #600)\nWinnie Mandela: A Review (Review #599)\nSherlock: The Blind Banker Review","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1805432"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5373350381851196,"wiki_prob":0.46266496181488037,"text":"Music\tArchives\n\"Hear the Bells\"\nMonday, December 24th, 2012 at 8:00 am\nEvery Christmas Eve, before the kids go to bed, we listen to Mannheim Steamroller’s \"Silent Night\" as the last thing in the day. Usually I’ll say a little something about remember family far away, or about soldiers deployed during this time. It’s usually short.\nHowever this year, with the Newtown shooting, and getting some inspiration from different sources, I wrote this up. It gives us some perspective; how good most of us have it, how much some people are hurting, and how much God has for all of us.\nAnd I dare you not to cry when you hear the toy piano plink out \"Silent Night\".\nThe Secret of Christmas\nReview: Owl City, \"The Midsummer Station\"\nThursday, September 6th, 2012 at 12:00 pm\nAdam Young recently released his third CD, \"The Midsummer Station\", with a whirlwind tour of media appearances, including \"America’s Got Talent\" and the Today show. Taking on the band name \"Owl City\", this one-man band has already hit it big a couple of times now. You may have heard this on the radio.\nAnd, if you watched the movie \"Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga’Hoole\" (yes, a movie about a city of owls), you might have heard this during the end credits.\nOwl City’s previous CDs have had, as their hallmark, whimsical, imaginative lyrics, much like these hits. It’s not the sum-total of his work, but it’s certainly been what he’s best known for. Also, as a Christian, while his lyrics on released material are not overtly religious, he has used words that, understanding his religion, add further meaning to them. For example, the chorus from his song \"Galaxies\" (another imaginative song):\nDear God, I was terribly lost,\nWhen the galaxies crossed,\nAnd the Sun went dark.\nDear God, You’re the only North Star,\nI would follow this far.\nWhere, elsewhere, the \"Dear God\" would be simply an interjection for emphasis, here it’s a prayer.\n(I say the lyrics are not overtly religious \"on release material\", because he posted his rendition of \"In Christ Alone\" on his blog. I can’t find it there anywhere, but a YouTube video is here.)\nWith this as the backdrop, \"The Midsummer Station\" marks a few changes in the music of Owl City. First, there’s less of the one-man band aspect. His Wikipedia entry lists the current members as just \"Adam Young – lead vocals, programming, keyboards, piano, synthesizers, guitars, bass guitar, drums, percussion, vibraphone\". But on Midsummer, there is collaboration on vocal, writing and producing credits. On the vocal front, the first hit off the CD, \"Good Times\", pairs Young with Carly Rae \"Call Me Maybe\" Jepsen. Blink 182’s Mark Hoppus also appears for the track \"Dementia\".\nSecondly, this CD moves Owl City towards more in the way of a rock sound and slightly away from the previous very-electronic sounding, synth-pop music. Not that there’s anything wrong with that. My kids introduced me to Owl City, and I frankly loves the sound he put together on the previous CDs. So not moving too far from his roots is OK, as is his willingness to experiment with the sound and let go a little of the creative control.\nThirdly, the lyrics are less whimsical and more rooted in a concrete subject matter, even if the treatment is teenage-ish. Rather that musing about fireflies, Midsummer has two break-up songs, for example, in addition to the upbeat and uplifting songs. Adam said that the song \"Dementia\" was written when he was having some regrets. But not to leave it completely behind, \"Metropolis\" is a song that Superman might sing when he gets homesick.\nThere is one aspect of Owl City’s music that has not changed with this release; enunciation. Yeah, not something that you typically think of when listening to music. But hey, Mom and Dad (and I count myself as one of you), if you listen to this CD, you will not need a page of lyrics to know what’s being said. And yet, it doesn’t sound enunciated, not like a high school English teacher trying to get you to pronounce your words properly. It’s very natural and, with a combination of the sound mix and voicing, you always know the words. (Listen to one of the videos again to see what I mean.) I appreciate this, and even more so since he doesn’t try to drown out any Christian expression in the lyrics.\nThe song lyrics themselves might have felt at home in my high school years of the late 70s. And that may be why I like this CD; it’s a throwback to those fun days, where I can imaging blasting \"Good Time\" out the open windows cruising down the main drag with some buddies. It has cuts that would cause some teen being interviewed by Dick Clark on \"American Bandstand\" to say, \"It’s got a good beat, and you can dance to it; I give it a 90.\"\nSome may find certain tracks a bit \"cheesy\", and I can understand that. But overall, I like this CD and would definitely recommend it to, well, friends of my kids, as well as old guys like me who did like the pop music scene in the late 70s/early 80s. It’s got a good beat, and you can dance to it. I give it a 95.\nFavorite Band – ELO\nReview: Dance Praise 2: the ReMiX\nWednesday, December 1st, 2010 at 12:38 pm\nA song inspired by a 4-year-old’s question, after seeing the line to see Santa. From the website:\nWhile at the mall a couple of years ago, my then four year old nephew, Spencer, saw kids lined up to see Santa Claus. Having been taught as a toddler that Christmas is the holiday that Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus, he asked his mom, \"where’s the line to see Jesus\"? My sister mentioned this to my dad, who immediately became inspired and jotted words down to a song in just a few minutes.\nAnd thus began a year-long try to get someone in the music industry interested. Failing that, Becky Kelley recorded it herself and the family created their own video for it.\nSince then, they’ve done the recording up better, with full instrumentation, and created a new video for it.\nAnd now you can buy it in iTunes. Wonderful song.\nWho Really Took Jesus’ Life?\nA great line from la…\nNeed a Little More Life In My Day\nThursday, October 21st, 2010 at 11:45 am\nThis song has been going through my head the past week, so now I’m sticking it in yours. 🙂\n\"Life in My Day\"\nNewsong\nMore Life (2003)\nStory of my life: W…\nAir America’s Life Support Cut\nThursday, May 13th, 2010 at 9:31 am\nWhen I was a teenager, I remember when my dad would marvel at how old some of the band leaders and performers of the Big Band era had gotten. \"[So-and-so] turns [some magic age]? Wow.\"\nYeah, well now it’s my turn.\nLittle Stevie Wonder turns 60 today? Wow. Scott Johnson over at Powerline has a nice retrospective of his recording career and some good videos. Steve Wonder hit the music scene when I was just 1 year old, so suffice to say that I didn’t catch his early career, but my musical interests were formed in the 70s when he had a number of hits in the top 40, all of which I enjoyed.\nDo you remember the group \"Stars on 45\"? In 1981 they came out with a Beatles medley, done by sound-alikes but very good ones. In 1982 they recorded \"A Tribute to Stevie Wonder\", a medley of his biggest hits and (mostly) without the disco beat behind it that had become their trademark up until that point. Folks came up to Stevie congratulating him on his new hit, because the singer sounded so much like the original. I read in a magazine article that Steve had heard the song on the radio and was suitably impressed.\nIt’s a wonderful tribute, in that you realize how many songs of his you remember because you’re singing along with everything, and there are a lot of songs in this almost-8-minute medley. (Click here for all the lyrics.) And just before the final bit (of his first hit \"Fingertips\") are these lines from \"A Place in the Sun\".\nThere’s a place in the sun\nWhere there’s hope for everyone\nWhere my poor restless heart’s gotta run\nAnd before my life is done\nGot to find me a place in the sun\nI believe he has. The video won’t embed, so click here to listen to some great musical history.\nIt turns out, contra…\nHomespun Bloggers Ra…\nFriday, December 25th, 2009 at 12:01 am\nWe had many Christmas music albums growing up. Every time the Firestone or Goodyear companies put one out, or another compilation hit the stores, my dad (a self-described “Christmas-aholic”) would get it. The first one home each evening would put a stack of LPs on the record player spindle and get it started.\nWe knew each version of the songs, which song by which artist followed which (we’d start singing or humming the next cut immediately after the previous one finished), and we even knew where to expect a skip in the record. The pops and crackles became as much a part of the song as the singer, the arrangement and the lyrics were.\nWe had our favorites, and we also laughed at some of the awful renditions. (You haven’t lived until you’ve suffered through John Wayne singing “I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day”. We love it just for how awful it is.) One of my dad’s favorite secular Christmas songs from our LP collection is this little-known song done by Bing Crosby, “The Secret of Christmas”. He liked it so much that I remember one afternoon he sat us down in the living room and had us write down the lyrics (one kids listened to the first line and started writing what he heard while the next kid was listening to the second line, etc.). For a secular song, it really does a wonderful job of driving home the point that Christmas is not just a December 25th thing, and that one of the secrets of Christmas is not just smoothing things over at the end of the year, but it’s what you do the other 364 days that really matters.\nNow, as a Christian, I have my own thoughts on how best to do this (and with who’s help I am able), but Christian or not, this is a song for everyone, and a message for us all.\nIt’s not the glow you feel when snow appears.\nIt’s not the Christmas card you’ve sent for years.\nNot the joyful sound when sleigh bells ring,\nOr the merry songs children sing.\nThat little gift you send on Christmas Day,\nWill not bring back the friend you’ve turned away,\nSo may I suggest the secret of Christmas\nIs not the things you do at Christmas time,\nBut the Christmas things you do all year through.\nI found out recently that this song was done in a movie (“Say One For Me”, 1959). This is a YouTube clip from the movie with Bing singing the tune. It’s not the version that was on our LP, but I like the video for this one better.\n(The LP version is also on YouTube, as well as many other versions including those by Ella Fitzgerald, Julie Andrews, and a fantastic acapella version where one guy sings all 4 parts.)\nAnd, for those of you who know my dad, this is one of the reasons he’ll tell you “Merry Christmas” just about anytime; Christ came to redeem the whole year.\nChristmas vacation h…\nAll-Nations Christmas Festival\nWell, the Christmas …\nShire Network News #166 – Bruce Bawer\nMonday, July 6th, 2009 at 7:57 am\nShire Network News #166 has been released. The feature interview is with Bruce Bawer, the Oslo-based US author of \"While Europe Slept: How Radical Islam is Destroying the West from Within\" and Surrender: Appeasing Islam, Sacrificing Freedom about his experiences as a gay man in what he thought would be a more tolerant European society, and what happened when he ran into radical Islam on the streets of Amsterdam one night. Click here for the show notes, links, and ways to listen to the show; directly from the web site, by downloading the mp3 file, or by subscribing with your podcatcher of choice.\nBelow is the text of my commentary.\nHi, this is Doug Payton for Shire Network News asking you to \"Consider This!\"\nI’ve heard this sentiment many times. \"Why do we pay pro athletes millions of dollars a year, but pay teachers so little? Which is more important?\" Indeed, it is true that occupations like teachers, fire fighters, and police aren’t paid in accordance with their importance in our society. Instead football, basketball and baseball players, who strut and fret their hour upon the field and then are heard no more, are lavished with huge salaries and signing bonuses. Who decided that was how society should remunerate people?\nFrankly, we did. We pay the athletes when we pay big ticket prices at games, when we watch the Super Bowl commercials, and when we buy sport memorabilia. And we pay our teachers when we give their jobs over to the government, when we vote for politicians who waste our tax money on pork barrel projects instead of salaries and when we cheer while spending ourselves into huge debt. Now, there’s nothing wrong with enjoying professional sports, but if you want to know why the disparity, there it is.\nHere’s another, similar sentiment. When Private William Long was gunned down by a Muslim who was upset about US military actions, it garnered a bit of coverage. The Commander-in-Chief did come out with a statement on the incident, 2 days after the fact. But aside from some conservative blogs, it was soon forgotten. Here was essentially a kid, who’d hadn’t yet seen combat, killed in his prime. He was willing to lay down his life for his country, and he wound up doing just that soon after finishing basic training. This was a kid worthy of having the country hear his story; worthy of mourning.\nWhen singer Michael Jackson died…well, you know what happened. Here was essentially a man who was obsessed with his appearance to the point of overindulging in plastic surgery, and was taking a cocktail of pain killers as a result (and a cocktail of mood enhancers, hinting at the cause of the indulgence in plastic surgery). Here’s a guy who dangled his child over a balcony, although the lineage of his children is now in question. Speaking of children, here’s a guy who has had very questionable relationships with young boys. And, oh yes, he had some hit songs in the 70s and 80s. Since his death, there’s been non-stop coverage of it and its aftermath. Who decided this is how news coverage should be doled out?\nFrankly, we did. We decided when people flocked the Apollo Theater and Neverland Ranch. We did when we conferred on him the title of \"King of Pop\". We did when we did all this while ignoring or brushing off his Howard-Hughes-like behavior, becoming no better than the codependent Yes-men and Yes-women he surrounded himself with. Now, there’s nothing wrong with enjoying a song on the radio or buying a vintage copy of the \"Thriller\" album. But if you want to know why the disparity, there it is.\nI don’t know, maybe I’m turning into my dad, who didn’t quite get the whole deal made over the death of John Lennon. Or perhaps I’ve always been him; I didn’t quite get it either. Yeah, the Beatles were music legends, but really. You see video of girls crying when the Beatles came on stage, but just recently, as news of the release of Michael Jackson’s last rehearsal tape leaking hit all the evening cable news outlets, one channel was replaying a concert that the Jacksons did just a few years ago. Yup, crying girls.\nThis isn’t a generational thing; it’s a celebrity thing. It’s image and packaging, and it’s ignoring what’s important to elevate that which is, essentially, a facade.\nIt’s kind of like electing a President who promises change, and then doesn’t, or who promises fiscal responsibility while spending us into a level of debt previously unimaginable. But he says the right things and makes a good speech, and the Left in this country just drools over it. You can almost hear the teenage girls crying in the audience, and the teenage boy on the old \"American Bandstand\" show saying, \"Well it’s got a good beat and you can dance to it; I give it a 95.\"\nIf we don’t watch it, we might look right past obvious problems, buy into the image and elect a Michael Jackson, or a John Lennon…or a Vladimir Lenin. Some might say we already have.\nOh, and as a public service, and in case you missed it while watching the Michael Jackson coverage; there are reports that North Korea will be testing an ICBM and more nuclear devices soon. Y’know, you may want to consider this.\nShire Network News #141\nShire Network News #156: Mr. Moderate Muslim\nWhat Would We Do Without Studies?\nThey spent money on this?\nSexual content on television is strongly associated with teen pregnancy, a new study from the RAND Corporation shows.\nResearchers at the nonprofit organization found that adolescents with a high level of exposure to television shows with sexual content are twice as likely to get pregnant or impregnate someone as those who saw fewer programs of this kind over a period of three years. It is the first study to demonstrate this association, RAND said.\nNext week, RAND comes out with their study that gravity leads to falling.\nThe suggested remedy is equally obvious.\nA central message from the study is that there needs to be more dialogue about sex in the media, particularly among parents and their children, said Anita Chandra, the study’s lead author and a behavioral scientist at RAND.\nAlthough the Hollywood culture is certainly a major contributor to the oversexualization of the media (and they could do their part, but won’t, and will whine publicly and loudly if you suggest they do), parents still need to be the gatekeeper.\nAs my kids would say, \"Thank you, Captain Obvious!\"\nIt’s just a TV show….\nJust in case it wasn…\nSpank Your Kids, Make Them Happy\n\"Hollywood Produces What the Public Wants\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1868515"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5488171577453613,"wiki_prob":0.45118284225463867,"text":"Morning Ethics Warm-Up: 8/7/17\nAugust 7, 2017 August 7, 2017 / Jack Marshall\n1. “Data from the Association of American Medical Colleges indicate that race is a substantial factor in medical school admissions, not one of many. For example, from 2013 to 2016, medical schools in the United States accepted 94 percent of blacks, 83 percent of Hispanics, 63 percent of whites and 58 percent of Asians with top MCAT scores of 30 to 32 and grade-point averages of 3.6 to 3.8; for MCAT scores of 27 to 29 (G.P.A. of 3.4 to 3.6), the corresponding figures are 81 percent, 60 percent, 29 percent and 21 percent. For low-range MCAT scores of 24-26 (G.P.A. of 3.2 to 3.4), 57 percent of blacks were admitted, 31 percent of Hispanics, 8 percent of whites and 6 percent of Asians.” (New York Times, August 4, 2017) Yet the announcement that the Trump Administration Justice Department Civil Rights Division will be looking at illegal discrimination in university admissions was condemned across the progressive spectrum as an effort to bolster white supremacy and proof of the President’s “racism.”\nThose statistics are res ipsa loquitur to me; no further evidence is needed. How can they be otherwise? Medical school admissions are discriminating on the basis of race. A similar set of statistics in any field where blacks rather than Asians were at the bottom would be treated by courts as “disproportionate impact” discrimination no matter what the explanation was.\nIn the same issue of The Times where this appeared, the paper devoted its entire letters section to readers expressing indignation that any Times writer could praise the President for anything. Micheal Kinsley had triggered them with a tongue-in cheek (Michael has only one tone) “he’s not all-bad” column. This shows the blindness and bias of “the resistance,” Democrats and the Left generally. They cannot even see that open, blatant discrimination based on color, which would have certainly been embraced by a Clinton Administration, is a blight on democracy, and that striking it down will be an absolute good for which any President responsible would warrant praise.\n2. When the NFL is involved, all ethics alarms freeze up, apparently. In September, former NFL quarterback Michael Vick will be inducted into the Virginia Tech Sports Hall of Fame. Vick is a convicted felon and confessed animal abuser as a central figure in a dogfighting ring. The case study by the Animal Legal Defense Fund states, “After his three co-conspirators pled guilty and began cooperating with authorities, Vick also pled guilty, admitting to funding the dogfighting operation and the associated gambling operation. He admitted to knowing about four dogs that his co-conspirators killed in 2002, and he admitted to agreeing to the hanging and drowning of 6-8 dogs who underperformed in 2007. Vick admitted he provided most of the operation and gambling monies, but he claimed he did not gamble by placing side bets or receiving proceeds from the purses”.\nAs I have noted before, admitting athletes like Vick is defensible for Halls of Fame that make it clear that only what a player does on the field matters. The athlete can be a child-molester, serial rapist, mass murderer or airplane bomber, but as long as he could hit his receiver 70 yards down field, he should be held up as a great role model for kids and fit to represent the entire sport forever.\nOops! The Virginia Tech Sports Hall of Fame has a character clause, unlike the NFL’s Hall. It says an admittee “must be of good character and reputation [and]not have been a source of embarrassment to the university in any way.”\nI guess we can assume that the school isn’t embarrassed in any way by its alum being responsible for this…\nor even this…\n3. You know when people in the news for saying incriminating or outrageous things claim they were quoted out of context? THIS is quoting out of context. TIME deliberately took a single sentence out of a full statement by conservative activist and business mogul Charles Koch to make him seem like a monster, when the point of his actual statement was exactly the opposite:\nNah, the news media isn’t biased! Of course it’s trustworthy. “Fake news” is just a Republican lie so they can deny the awful things these people do and say.\n4. From The New York Post:\nAttorney General Jeff Sessions is investigating up to $6 billion in legal settlement money that the Obama administration steered toward progressive causes and allies in left-wing advocacy groups.\nA memo sent to US attorneys on July 28…ordered a review of a decade’s worth of payouts that Congressional Republicans have called a political slush fund.\nFormer Attorneys General Eric Holder and Loretta Lynch regularly arranged for major corporations to make large “donations” to left-leaning groups like UnidosUS — formerly the National Council of La Raza — and NeighborWorks America during settlement negotiations to end banking, environmental, civil-rights, and other federal lawsuits….The groups getting the money were not victims in the cases or parties to the lawsuits…\nThe list included UnidosUS, which advocates for illegal immigrants; the National Community Reinvestment Coalition, a left-leaning housing lobbyist group; Operation Hope, which pushes banks to lend to unqualified mortgage applicants in Los Angeles; and the Mutual Housing Association of New York, a spinoff of the controversial community-organizing group ACORN.\nWhy wasn’t this investigated by the watch-dog news media before now? Why is the conservative New York tabloid the only source that finds this corrupt practice newsworthy?\nThe corruption, unethical practices and incompetence of the Obama administration is going to come out despite the efforts of the complicit news media to protect their favorite President.\n5. From the “I told you so” files:\nNEW YORK (Reuters) – Fox News on Saturday suspended host Eric Bolling following a media report that he sent sexually inappropriate text messages to colleagues, marking the third high-profile harassment case to rock the conservative, highly rated cable news outlet.\nReuters can’t count: Bolling is the fourth high-profile harassment case for Fox: founder Roger Ailes, ratings king Bill O’Reilly, Fox Business Network host Charles Payne, and now Bolling. There will be more. As I predicted before the lawsuits came and the secret settlements were exposed, any organization that broadcasts daily such a sexist, misogynist view of the world, costuming its female professionals and over-aged cheerleaders and Mamie Van Doren impressionists, has a seriously unethical culture, and when someone like Roger Ailes is the rotting fish head, the corruption within such an organization will be deep and widespread.\nAnimals, Business & Commercial, Character, Education, Ethics Dunces, Ethics Train Wrecks, Gender and Sex, Government & Politics, Journalism & Media, Law & Law Enforcement, Rights, This Helps Explain Why Trump Is President, Workplace\nCharles Koch, cruelty to animals, dog-fighting, Eric Bolling, Fox news, Halls of Fame, mainstream media bias, Michael Vick, sexual harassment, shake-downs, The Fake News Ethics Train Wreck, Time, Virginia Tech\n← Unethical Op-Ed Of The Month: “Don’t Weaken Title IX Campus Sex Assault Policies” (The New York Times)\nThe Audacious And Everlasting Hypocrisy Of Al Gore →\n15 thoughts on “Morning Ethics Warm-Up: 8/7/17”\nIt doesn’t just apply to medical schools according to this reporter. Affirmative Action is a classic example of good intentions gone wrong:\nPaul W. Schlecht\n“Affirmative Action is a classic example of good intentions gone wrong:”\nWant to see some serious hand-wringing, brow-furrowing, and spittle-flecked slobbering?\nWait’ll Lefty gets wind of that “take the boxes off applications” idea.\nZoltar Speaks!\nIf it’s illegal to discriminate based on race, then the race question should never be part of any application. Maybe asking the question on any application should be considered illegal.\nJutGory\nRegarding #1, I am not entirely convinced that the statistics are not deceptive.\nFor instance, if they block off spots according to percentages of the population, it might be that there is a smaller pool of blacks who achieve the high levels. 94% is 15 out of 16. Theoretically, that could fill 12% of the class to fit the demographics. Asians, however, may be so disproportionately represented at that level of achievement that a much lower percentage is accepted to fill their demographic percentage.\nOf course, the lower ranges look worse. They may still fit into this formula, though.\nAnd, you are dealing with medical schools across the country, where there may be no uniformity in standards. In that environment, if there is a lack of highly achieved black candidates, they will be in higher demand by any school attempting to achieve a demographic mix of students. A surplus of qualified asian candidates would not be as much in demand.\nIs the desire to create a demographically representative class a racist goal? Is it still a racist goal if all candidates are “equally” qualified?\nOf course, “equally” qualified is a squishy concept. It presumes that blocking off certain MCAT scores and GPAs is okay because, at some point, you have to ignore the differences between the apples and the oranges. That is, is a 32 MCAT with a 3.6 GPA a better candidate than a 31 MCAT with a 3.8 GPA? Or, can you treat them as the same? If so, can you then say that you want to configure a class that more closely matches the overall demographics of the population? If so, then creating a mixed demographic of “equal” candidates would not be racist, or, at least, not more racist than creating a class of “equal” candidates that is racially imbalanced (all white, for example). If all this is the case, these numbers may not surprise me.\nConsistent with discrimination? Yes, that is possible. Res ipsa loquitur? Not to me.\n-Jut\nBoy, by the standards used in “disproportionate impact” cases, it would be res ipsa loquitur. Percentages that extreme? I guess I should have added the restof the stats, which showed that whites with lower scores were admitted far lass often than blacks with similar scores.\nNothing squishy about equally qualified at all. If colorblind admissions would yield a significantly different class, then applicants are being discriminated against by race.\nThree points:\n1. Maybe so on disparate impact cases; I think that logic is pretty bad on its own.\n2. Like I suggested, delving into the data might make the case for me. I just know how statistics can be abused and manipulated, so I am hesitant to trust them.\n3. Equally qualified is a squishy concept, because you have to come up with a mechanism or formula. Is every 32 MCAT equal? How do you distinguish between them? GPA? Or, is GPA more important than MCAT scores (does it matter if you can ace the MCAT if you are a crappy student, while a 30 MCAT with a 4.0 GPA beats a 32 MCAT with a 2.5 GPA anytime)? Any decision-making process requires judgments and trade-offs. Equality is an illusion.\n1. That logic is terrible, but that’s the definition of discrimination the courts use to strike down policies that appear to discriminate against blacks, so under the current definition, it’s discrimination.\n2. Of course they can be abused, but if those are in fact the stats, I see very few roads, and obscure back roads at that, through them that would not lead inevitably to discrimination. You’re the one doing the stretching and spinning here. In fact, every pool of applicants I saw when I was a virtual assistant Dean at Georgetown Law Center indicated that the pools of applicants were of better quality, higher scores, grades and extras in the exact opposite order than the med school admission stats: Asian-Americans the strongest, whites second strongest, Hispanic-Americans and blacks. I’d be stunned if the med schools proportions were any different. If the proportions of applicants accepted is in exact reverse order of the groups with the strongest applicants as a group, what does that tell you?\n3. Uh-huh. But that’s tap-dancing and you know it. You sound like Bill Clinton. Yes, it’s apples vs oranges vs bananas, with is why score are a baseline. This is why school like Harvard are eliminating scores. It makes it harder to prove discrimination by race.\n1. Appeal to authority. A fallacy. I do not care what the courts say. They are only an authority on what they say. When they say dumb things, they are still dumb. I don’t have to accept them.\n2. Maybe you see very few roads, but you are overly confident in your perceptual skills. I am much less confident in them. I am not the one spinning here. I am just not buying what is being sold. That I am skeptical does not mean that I am stretching or spinning, just because you believe whatever was put in front of you.\n3. Not tap dancing. Don’t ascribe motives to me (we all know how you get your panties in a bunch if someone ascribes motives to you if which you do not approve); you don’t seem to appreciate it when others do that to you. I simply disagreed with the opinion you stated; I simply stated that I did not agree with your interpretation. Apparently, you can’t tolerate the idea that people hold opinions that differ from yours.\nNo, I expect those who disagree to come up with something better than “the statistics mean something other than what they obviously mean to someone who isn’t searching for an excuse not to believe them.” I am happy to identify my faulty perceptions when I’m given something substantive. “Maybe its not what it seems to be” isn’t.\nSpin is when rhetorical vagueries and deceits are offered instead of facts. “It depends on what you mean by equal” is a classic. In determining fitness for grad schools school, markers are pretty clear. There is no discrimination within the margins for error, which can be (and should be) large. The differences between “equal” and “not equal” are usually obvious.\nGo ahead, without resorting again to “How dare you!” and Tu quoque, explain how “For low-range MCAT scores of 24-26 (G.P.A. of 3.2 to 3.4), 57 percent of blacks were admitted…and 6 percent of Asians” can be explained other than by color-based discrimination or quotas. I can’t wait. This means, by the way, just to eliminate confusion, that over half of all black applicants with low MCATs were admitted, whereas 94% of Asian Americans with equivalent scores were rejected.\nAnd in the law, the courts ARE the authority. When one says “this is what the courts say is discrimination,” that is an appeal to law and fact. Appeal to authority is when one uses the opinion of an “authority” as proof that something is true.\nGet your fallacies straight.\nHumble Talent\nThere was a process in… I want to say the Sweedish government.. that was doing gender blind hiring, that is the applicants submitted their resumes and those resumes had their contact info scrubbed so potential employers could view applicants without names or genders. Theoretically, hiring would therefore be based more on merit, and less on discrimination, and because we all know that women and minorities are the victims of discrimination, this should have helped promote workplace diversity.\nHiring numbers started to skew white and male, theoretically because white, male applicants were more qualified.\nThe progressive response?\nTake a guess.\nI need to find the actual story…. It was too good.\nI was wrong! Australia!\nhttp://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-30/bilnd-recruitment-trial-to-improve-gender-equality-failing-study/8664888\n“Leaders of the Australian public service will today be told to “hit pause” on blind recruitment trials, which many believed would increase the number of women in senior positions.”\n“”We anticipated this would have a positive impact on diversity — making it more likely that female candidates and those from ethnic minorities are selected for the shortlist,” he said.”\n“The trial found assigning a male name to a candidate made them 3.2 per cent less likely to get a job interview.\nAdding a woman’s name to a CV made the candidate 2.9 per cent more likely to get a foot in the door.”\nhttp://dailycaller.com/2017/06/30/study-blind-recruitment-aimed-at-boosting-female-hires-actually-does-the-opposite/\n“APS [Australian Public Service] officers generally discriminated in favor of female and minority candidates,” the forward to the study says. “This suggests that the APS has been successful to some degree in efforts to promote awareness and support for diversity among senior staff. It also means that introducing de-identification of applications in such a context may have the unintended consequence of decreasing the number of female and minority candidates shortlisted for senior APS positions, setting back efforts to promote more diversity at the senior management levels in the public service.”\nwyogranny\nThose pictures of dogs! It seems the NFL supports all kinds of violence. It’s not surprising they don’t have a character clause.\nLike Trump when it comes to the Koch brothers progressives reveal blood flecked rabid foam around their mouths.\nIs there a theme this morning\nLike ink blots, the themes are in the eyes of the beholder.\nOther Bill\nNot sure which is more shocking: the condition of the dogs or the NYT taking a quote out of context. Tough one.\nTIME, not Times.\nOoops. Different head of the same hydra.\nFunny how the Koch brothers get no attention now that it’s all … TRUMP!","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1084549"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.566336452960968,"wiki_prob":0.566336452960968,"text":"CRPD/C/PSE/1\nOriginal: Arabic\nArabic, English, Russian and Spanish only\nInitial report submitted by the State of Palestine under article 35 of the Convention, due in 2016 * , **\n[Date received: 14 June 2019]\n1.The State of Palestine acceded to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on 1 April 2014, and it entered no reservations to any of the articles thereof out of respect for the principles and spirit of the Convention and in the belief that persons with disabilities should enjoy the same rights as other citizens. This report is being submitted in compliance with the commitments of Palestine under the Convention and in fulfilment of its obligation to apply the provisions thereof, especially article 35 (1). In particular, it will set out the legislative, administrative and judicial aspects of the measures, frameworks and terms of reference pertaining to the provisions of the Convention.\n2.Following the accession of Palestine to international treaties and conventions, the President issued a decision on 7 May 2014 forming a national standing committee at ministerial level to follow up on accession. The committee is chaired by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates, with membership consisting of a number of ministries and relevant institutions; the Independent Commission for Human Rights is represented in observer capacity. The committee’s job is to monitor fulfilment of the commitments arising from accession to international charters. This report has been prepared by a joint subcommittee, operating as a national working group formed by decision of the national standing committee. The subcommittee is chaired by the Ministry of Social Affairs in its capacity as the competent authority with members drawn from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Education and Higher Education, Ministry of Transport and Communications, Ministry of Local Government, HigherCouncil forYouth and Sport, National Committee for Summer Camps, Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Information, the police force, Public Prosecution Service, Supreme Judicial Council, Bureau of the Chief Qadi, Ministry of Women’s Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of National Economy, Civil Service Bureau, Central Elections Commission, Civil Defence, Independent Commission for Human Rights, United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) and the higher committee for camps, which works with Palestinian refugees.\n3.Employing the cooperative and participatory approach with official and civil society organizations which Palestine has consistently pursued, the joint committee prepared the report in collaboration with a group of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working with disability, which provided the report working group with input in the form of information and recommendations pertinent to the rights of persons with disabilities. NGOs included the General Union of People with Disabilities, Palestine Red Crescent Society, Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation, Qader Organization for Community Development, East Jerusalem YMCA Rehabilitation Programme, Aswat (Palestinian Feminist Centre for Gender and Sexual Freedoms), Stars of Hope and Palestinian Consultative Staff for NGO Development.Also involved was a group of NGOs working in Gaza, including Disabilities Representative Persons Network, Fajar (Palestinian Society for Care and Development) and El-Amal Rehabilitation Society.It should be noted that cooperation with these organizations was limited to the supply of information and data only.\n4.The report was put before relevant government institutions and civil society organizations at workshops held in cooperation with ministries and official bodies targeting staff working in the field of disability.Technical support was provided by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).Persons with disabilities themselves were involved in preparing the initial report of the State of Palestine: they took part in preparatory workshops and were called upon to provide input to the reporting process.\n5.A draft of the report was sent for study to representatives of civil society organizations working with disability, Palestinian rights organizations and NGOs; nationwide consultations on the report were held.The report was then submitted to Palestinian governmental and civil society organizations.Because Israel, the occupying power, prevents civil society organizations in the Gaza Strip from entering the West Bank, two national consultation sessions were held: one for organizations in the West Bank, including Jerusalem, on 28 March 2018 and another for civil society organizations in the Gaza Strip at the headquarters of the Independent Commission for Human Rights by direct video link, on 18 April 2018. Discussions were held on the substance of the report and comments were included in the final version. It should be noted that persons with disabilities were involved in the discussions and a sign language interpreter was provided for those with hearing disabilities.\n6.In addition to the formation of a national standing committee to follow up on the accession of the State of Palestine to international treaties and conventions, a committee was formed in 2017 to ensure the harmonization of current Palestinian legislation with international charters and treaties. Chaired by the Ministry of Justice, the committee’s job is to amend laws, regulations and procedures to bring them into line with the provisions of international law.\n7.The report discusses the articles of the Convention in detail, especially articles 1–33, pursuant to the reporting guidelines set out in the document of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the new guidelines issued in 2016 and the general comments issued by the Committee. The report covers the period from the date of accession to the Convention (2014) to mid-2018.\n8.The State of Palestine stresses that the submission of this report does not exempt Israel, the occupying power, from its legal responsibilities under international law, especially international humanitarian law and international human rights law, including its obligation to respect the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and submit its own report on the extent of its compliance with the provisions of the Convention in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, as stipulated in the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice (2004), on the legal consequences arising from the construction of a wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.\nI.Legal, social and economic context of the rights of persons with disabilities\nA.Protection and promotion of human rights – general framework\n9.Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Palestinian National Council in 1988, announced the commitment of the State of Palestine to the principles and goals of the United Nations and to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.The Declaration of Independence announced the establishment of an independent and free State of Palestine, based on the principle of full equality in respect of rights and freedoms for all Palestinians, wherever they may be, within the framework of a parliamentary democracy built on foundations of social justice, equality and non-discrimination in respect of public rights.The Declaration of Independence further affirms the commitment of the State of Palestine to the system of universal human rights, as contained in international treaties and conventions, including protection of the rights of persons with disabilities.To ensure this commitment, policies have been put in place to build a legal system founded on the principles of the rule of law and judicial independence.\n10.The Palestinian legal system consists of a set of laws and legislation that are the product of various periods of occupation and foreign rule to which Palestine has been subject in the past.Several laws dating from the Ottoman period, the British occupation, Egyptian administration of the Gaza Strip and Jordanian rule in the West Bank remain in force.\n11.The State of Palestine has, over the years, adopted various pieces of legislation to help promote and safeguard the political rights of all citizens, including those with disabilities.Thus article 9 of the Basic Law (amended) stipulates that Palestinians are equal before the law and the courts and that there shall be no discrimination between them on grounds of race, sex, colour, religion, political views or disability, while Act No. 4 (1999), on the rights of persons with disabilities, and the implementing regulation thereof(2004), provide for the right of persons with disabilities to enjoy a free and dignified life and a range of services just like other citizens, with whom they share the same rights and duties, within the limits allowed by their abilities and capacities.The law further affirms that the State of Palestine is responsible for ensuring protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and facilitating access to their legally guaranteed rights.\n12.Following accession to international conventions and treaties, the State of Palestine went to great lengths to provide training for national organizations in human rights and human rights mechanisms, including official reporting.\n13.By decision of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates, in his capacity as chair of the national standing committee to follow up on the accession of the State of Palestine to international treaties, a committee was formed to harmonize legislation, chaired by the Ministry of Justice and with a membership including relevant government institutions and civil society organizations.The committee is responsible for harmonizing domestic legislation and laws with international human rights standards in general and the provisions of the Convention in particular. The committee reviews current domestic Palestinian legislation and identifies that which needs to be amended in the light of the provisions of international conventions.Laws needing to be reviewed and amended include certain penal codes that are still operative, including the Jordanian Penal Code, Act No. 16 (1960), operative in the West Bank and the British Mandate Penal Code, Act No. 74 (1936), which is still in force in the Gaza Strip.\n14.In the light of the wave of legislative amendments being made by the State of Palestine to ensure consistency with international conventions and after perusing national laws and legislation that address the rights of persons with disabilities, it became evident that there is a need at national level to formulate a new law relating to persons with disabilities that includes a revised definition of disability consistent with the international rights perspective.Accordingly, work is underway on preparing a new law on persons with disabilities, the provisions of which will be compatible with those of international law.\n15.As part of the process of harmonizing Palestinian legislation with the principles of international conventions, a legislative decision on education and higher education was adopted in 2017, regulating inclusive education.This affirms the right of children with disabilities to education, just like other children.Work is currently underway on amending the Employment Act and Civil Service Act to ensure that persons with disabilities have the right to obtain decent work commensurate with their health situation.\n16.Ruling no. 4 (2017) of the Supreme Constitutional Court affirmed the primacy of international conventions over ordinary domestic legislation.Such conventions acquire greater force than domestic legislation, once ratified and published and having passed through the various mandatory formal stages before adoption as domestic legislation binding on individuals and the authorities; they must also be consistent with the scope of the Palestinian Basic Law.In March 2018, a further ruling of the Supreme Constitutional Court interpreted article 10 of the Basic Law, stipulating that human rights and fundamental freedoms are binding and must be respected.\n17.Implementation of the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is the responsibility of the executive and judicial authorities, as follows:\nExecutive authority: in partnership and cooperation with government institutions, civil society organizations, the Independent Commission for Human Rights in observer capacity and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Social Development steers the disability rights sector in Palestine; the Ministry also chairs the Higher Council for Persons with Disabilities, a national oversight umbrella body;\nJudicial authority: the judicial authority consists of the various types and degrees of court, as addressed by article 6 of the Judicial Authority Act, and the Public Prosecution Service; the sharia judiciary consists of the sharia courts and is subject to the provisions of the Sharia Judiciary Act, No. 3 (2011).\nB.Equality and non-discrimination – General information\n18.Article 9 of the Basic Law stipulates that Palestinians are equal before the law and the courts and that there shall be no discrimination between them on grounds of race, sex, colour, religion, political views or disability.Article 22 of the Basic Law grants persons with disabilities the right to social insurance, just like other citizens.It treats the provision of care, education and health and social insurance for persons with disabilities as a binding obligation on the Government of the State of Palestine that must be guaranteed.\nC.Access to justice and means of redress\n19.The primary goal of the National Strategy for Justice and Rule of Law (2014–2016) involved developing a justice system capable of providing a fair trial efficiently and effectively.The Ministry of Justice Gender Unit plan (2018–2019) contains strategic goals relating to the development of a legislative environment supportive of justice, reviewed from the gender perspective with a view to promoting access to justice by persons with disabilities.The plan also includes a scheme to develop the national legal aid strategy, in cooperation with the Ministry of Social Development, sharia courts and Ministry of Women’s Affairs.\nII.General provisions of the Convention (arts. 1–4)\n20.Article 1 of Act No. 4 (1999), on the rights of persons with disabilities, defines a person with disabilities as aperson suffering from permanent total or partial disability, whether congenital or otherwise, that permanently affects any of his/ her senses or physical, psychological or intellectual capacities to the extent of limiting the ability to respond to the ordinary demands of life in the same circumstances as the able-bodied.This definition is consistent with the philosophy of the Convention and its view of persons with disabilities as persons with full rights.It does not, however, make explicit reference to the environmental, cultural and legislative obstacles and barriers that restrict full participation.Article 8 of the Children Act (2004, amended) stresses the need to integrate children with disabilities in all areas in the community.\n21.According to the General Census of Population, Housing and Establishments (2017), which used the grading adopted by the World Health Organization to measure disability across societies, the prevalence of persons with difficulty/ disability, including those with some difficulty and severe difficulty (total incapacity), is 5.8 per cent (255,224 persons): 5.3 per cent of females (115,634) and 6.2 per cent of males (139,590).In the West Bank, the figure is 5.0 per cent (127,262) and in the Gaza Strip, 6.8 per cent (127,962).The number of persons with severe difficulty and total incapacity is 92,710 (51,693 males and 41,017 females); the figure is 44,570 in the West Bank and 48,140 in the Gaza Strip.\n22.The survey conducted by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics in 2011 in cooperation with the Ministry of Social Development adopted certain definitions of difficulty and disability and explained what these are. Under the definition of difficulty, a person with disability is an individual who suffers some difficulty, severe difficulty or total incapacity. Under the definition of disability, a person with disability is an individual who suffers from severe difficulty or total incapacity.\n23.Under the broad definition of disability, the prevalence of disability stands at around 7 per cent in both the West Bank and Gaza Strip. According to the narrow definition, the figure stands at 2.7 per cent: 2.9 per cent in the West Bank and 2.4 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The figure for males is 2.9 per cent, compared with 2.5 per cent for females. This indicates that there is an urgent need for an accurate, comprehensive and up-to-date survey to be conducted to identify the scale, nature and extent of disability, the level of services available and the challenges faced by persons with disabilities.\n24.The social development sector’s strategic planning coincided with a radical shift in the approach of the Ministry of Social Development, with a transition from aid and protection to development in the wider sense. In March 2016, the Cabinet decided to transfer the Ministry of Social Affairs to the Ministry of Social Development, a decision ratified by presidential decree.\n25.The second goal of the social development sector strategy (2017–2022) includes the development of social services for vulnerable and marginalized groups. Despite several difficulties, a number of achievements have been made, including:\n(1)Design of needs-based services: funds have been allocated for the purchase of services from local establishments; a number of charities have been licensed; and protection, accommodation and rehabilitation services have been delivered to 2,198 persons with disabilities. Challenges include a lack of centres for persons with disabilities, shortfall in the logistics budget and poor essential infrastructure;\n(2)Promotion of decentralized service delivery by adopting local community options: efforts have been focused on developing quality standards systems for the social services provided to persons with severe disabilities and on building and developing a team of ministry staff specialized in the field of disability.\n26.The State gives persons with disabilities the opportunity to exercise their right to participate by involving and integrating them in the process of formulating policies, legislation and programmes. Two persons have been appointed to represent the disabled on both the Higher Council for Persons with Disabilities and General Union of People with Disabilities. Furthermore, the disability sector strategic planning framework was approved by the Cabinet for adoption by ministries as a frame of reference. The framework has also been used in a number of initiatives designed to raise the awareness of officials of certain issues, such as the adaptation of public transport, as part of the national plan for the development of the transport sector.\n27.Furthermore, national plans to promote participation and integration of persons with disabilities give them the opportunity to be a part of the Higher Council for Persons with Disabilities. The Council consists of one representative each of the General Union of People with Disabilities, Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation and Patient’s Friends Society, as well as an expert, who is the Council’s current coordinator.\n28.As regards participation and representation on committees, the number of persons with disabilities and number of representative organizations have both increased significantly in relative terms. In addition to the General Union, there is Stars of Hope and the Palestinian Union for the Deaf.Regarding participation of women with disabilities, there are two representing the Ministry of Labour and Ministry of Local Government and two representing the Aswat organization and Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation.\n29.The Council has held a total of 15 meetings over the last ten years, the last of which was in May 2018, following an interruption of more than a year and a half. Under the rules of procedure, it would normally have expected to hold 40 meetings over that period at a rate of at least four a year.\n30.The activity of the Higher Council for Persons with Disabilities is closely linked to a number of factors, principally the general political situation, ministerial reshuffles, the situation of the disability rights movement, the composition of the Council and the structure of its terms of reference it. These affect Council activity as follows:\nThe general political situation in the State of Palestine: the division of the country affects the structure of representation, with the focus tending to be on institutions with a broad national reach, such as the Red Crescent Society and General Union of People with Disabilities, as well as ministries and government institutions, in which Gazans are not represented. Furthermore, the aggressive practices of the Israeli occupation forces, especially in Gaza, have diverted attention away from development and rights issues, including disability issues.\nSuccessive ministerial changes have been reflected in the level of attention paid to the Council;\nThe situation of the disability rights movement directly affects the nature of the Council’s work and activity: the greater the activity of disability rights organizations, the greater the activity of the Council and more frequent its meetings and vice versa.\nThe subordination of the Council to the Ministry of Social Development conflicts with its oversight role. For this reason, the Council’s terms of reference need to be changed to ensure a different legal status and independent financial position.\n31.In addition to acceding to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the State of Palestine has taken a number of internal measures underlining its commitment to implement and safeguard the rights of persons with disabilities, albeit gradually.The following measures represent part of the groundwork for a new act relating to persons with disabilities to replace the old Act No. 4 (1999):\n(a)Formulating a new bill: a committee was formed, chaired by the Ministry of Social Development and with a membership drawn from civil society organizations and various ministries, to draft a new act on the rights of persons with disabilities compatible with international conventions.Work on the initial draft has been completed and the bill fine-tuned in line with comments from relevant organizations.Work is underway arranging workshops for local community disability organizations, government institutions and international organizations with the aim of gathering further comments and making the required amendments to the bill.An explanatory memorandum will then be prepared and put before the Cabinet and statutory bodies.This process will continue until the bill is passed into law, possibly at the end of 2019.\n(b)Conducting a head count: the Ministry of Social Development is currently preparing a head count of persons with disabilities receiving cash assistance from the Ministry (currently standing at around 52,000) with the aim of determining prevalence by governorate, town, village, camp, type of disability and age group, and making an assessment of needs on the basis of type of disability. This project, which is funded by Save the Children, seeks to promote use of the disability card.\nWith the disability card scheme, the Ministry of Social Development aims to build a comprehensive database on all persons with disabilities, not only those in receipt of cash assistance.In a collaboration between the Ministry and Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics and with funding from Save the Children, a tablet-based form was designed that could be filled in directly by specially-trained social workers. However, the project ran into problems with the software company. As a first step, a paper form is currently being completed by the approximately 1,200 persons with disabilities registered as in receipt of assistive devices. At a later date, a comprehensive plan involving the electronic entry of data on persons with disabilities in receipt of Ministry services will be adopted.\nGeneral provisions of the Convention (arts. 1–4)\n32.The State of Palestine seeks to safeguard and ensure the rights of persons with disabilities on a number of levels. On the legislative level, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (1999) was adopted, designed to regulate and protect the legal rights of persons with disabilities, which must be guaranteed by all government bodies. Subsequently, the implementing regulation of the Act (2004) was adopted, affirming that persons with disabilities have the right to enjoy a free and dignified life and that disability may not be a reason for denial of access to rights.\n33.However, although the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act and Children Act address a number of aspects of the rights of persons with disabilities, there is still a need to enforce compliance on the ground and bring practice into line with the law.The new act will take this into account.\n34. Persons with disabilities in Palestine, particularly women, still suffer certain forms of discrimination on cultural grounds. There is limited participation of women with disabilities in public life, employment, education and leisure and few exercise their right to marriage, reproduction and an independent life. The State of Palestine seeks to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women in general and women with disabilities in particular by means of national plans and strategies designed to integrate women in all areas of political and cultural life and enable them to enjoy their rights to education and employment.\nArticle 2: Definitions\n35.Article 1 of Act No. 4 (1999), defines a person with a disability as someone suffering from permanent total or partial disability, whether congenital or otherwise, that permanently affects any of his/ her senses or physical, psychological or intellectual capacities to the extent of limiting the ability to respond to the ordinary demands of life in the same circumstances as the able-bodied.\n36.Considering a person with disabilities as handicapped, as in the above definition, is incompatible with the Convention.With its focus on physical disability and functional impairment (i.e. degree of incapacity or difficulty) and the resulting limitation of the person’s activity, the definition is inconsistent with the modern approach to the definition of disability adopted by the Convention.Furthermore, there is some inconsistency in the definition of disability adopted by the various ministries responsible for providing services to persons with disabilities on the basis of the disability card, including the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Labour and Social Development and Ministry of Transport and Communications, resulting in problems when designing plans and programmes. This will be taken into account when drafting the new act and the definition standardized in a manner consistent with international conventions.\n37.The 2004 implementing regulation of Act No. 4 (1999) classifies disability as follows:\nMotor disability: disability resulting from functional impairment of the nerves, muscles, bones or joints that limits or causes the loss of the body’s motor capacity;\nSensory disability: disability resulting from injury or damage to the sensory organs and causing visual, auditory or speech impairment, as outlined in the annex to the implementing regulation;\nMental disability: disability resulting from impairment of the higher functions of the brain, such as concentration, counting and memory; it causes learning and cognitive difficulties and behavioural disorders;\nIntellectual disability: disability resulting from mental, inherited or genetic illness, or whatever prevents the mind from performing its normal functions;\nDual disability: when one person suffers from two different disabilities;\nCompound disability: when one person suffers from a number of disabilities.\n38.As regards the definition of disability adopted for data collection and statistical surveys, the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics notes that the World Health Organization and Washington Group on Disability Statistics have developed a standard definition for measuring difficulty/ disability across societies. The Washington Group has proposed a set of six key questions to measure disability in a census format, with a four point answer scale for each, i.e. 1: “no difficulty”; 2: “some difficulty; 3: “a lot of difficulty” and 4: “absolutely incapable”. The prevalence of disability in Palestinian society is indicated in accordance with the Washington Group short and extended sets in annex 1.\n39.Language: Article 11 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act affirms the need to make sign language available in all government facilities.The Act’s implementing regulation makes it clear that the Ministry of Social Development is required to implement this in collaboration with government institutions.\nThe Kadoorie University sign language diploma received accreditation from the Accreditation and Quality Authority in 2017.Birzeit University offers an optional course in sign language and sign language interpretation has been included in the Interpretation Act by the Ministry of Justice as a right for the deaf, for whom a sign language interpreter must be provided.\nIn practice, more work still needs to be done regarding the provision of sign language for persons with disabilities and Palestine is working toward achieving this in all facilities in the future.NGOs such as the Red Crescent Society run dozens of sign language courses every year for volunteers, community activists, staff and others with a view to making it commonplace in Palestinian society.\n40.The term, “reasonable accommodation” does not appear in the present Act but will be included in the bill currently being drafted, in accordance with the Convention.\n41.Article 17 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act addresses the adaptation of means of communication to suit the capabilities of persons with disabilities.The article stipulates that the Ministry of Telecommunication shall endeavour to provide the facilities necessary to enable persons with disabilities to use telecommunication equipment, apparatuses and facilities.This is affirmed in article 18 of the Act’s implementing regulation.\n42.The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act includes provisions relating to the right to universal design, meaning the adaptation of buildings, establishments, shops, markets and workplaces for use by all people.This is the responsibility of the Ministry of Social Development, Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Transport and Communications and Ministry of Local Government. Article 10 of the Act urges adaptation of playgrounds, camps and sports clubs. However, the term, “general design” does not appear in the present Act and there is still a need at executive level to apply this principle in detail.\n43.Although the Ministry of National Economy focuses on regulating economic life and improving the living standards of all, including those with disabilities, neither the law not Ministry regulations make allowance for the needs of persons with disabilities when designing goods and products.\n44.Charities working with persons with disabilities are licensed by the General Directorate of Industry and Natural Resources of the Ministry of National Economy.Persons with disabilities can promote and market their products through these charities.In this regard, ten charitable and cooperative societies have been licensed to date.\nArticles 3–4: General principles and obligations\n3 (1) Respect for inherent dignity, individual autonomy including the freedom to make one’s own choices, and independence of persons\n45.Article 3 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act addresses the responsibility of the State toward persons with disabilities, stipulating that the State is responsible for safeguarding the rights of such persons and facilitating their access to these rights.To this end, the Ministry works in coordination with stakeholders to prepare awareness programs for persons with disabilities, their families and communities, focusing on matters related to the rights set out in the Act.As regards implementation, however, there are differences in respect of access to rights and services according to type of disability.For example, vehicles for persons with motor disabilities enjoy customs exemption to facilitate access and enable them to take an active part in the community.\n46.The passing of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act is an important piece of independent legislation, containing a series of provisions, clauses and fundamental rights that regulate the lives of persons with disabilities.There are also a number of relevant, clearly defined provisions contained in current laws of general application, chiefly the Palestinian Basic Law (2003, amended), the Employment Act, No. 7 (2000), and the Civil Service Act, No. 4 (1998).\n47.Despite the importance of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act generally and the need for it to be applied and enforced, it nevertheless contains many deficiencies and weaknesses, the most significant of which can be summarized as the absence of mechanisms of accountability and penalties for non-implementation.There is also a contradiction between the Act and certain other legislation governing the rights of persons with disabilities.For example, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act and the Employment Act stipulate that not less than 5 per cent of employees must be persons with disabilities.Article 24 of the Civil Service Act, however, requires job applicants to be “free from defect, disease and disability”.Despite this provision in the Civil Service Act, the General Personnel Council has, since 2012, compelled government institutions to apply the legal percentage of persons with disabilities by ring-fencing the quota within the annual appointment allocations.\n48.Despite legal and conceptual problems with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, which views disability as an organic problem afflicting the handicapped, the Ministry of Social Development, in its general and sector-specific plans, programmes and activities, stresses the rights-based concept of disability.This stems from the Ministry’s refusal to deal with the medical concept until the new Act has been finalized and adopted.\n49.The social protection strategy (2014–2016), formulated by the Ministry of Social Development in its capacity as competent authority, contains strategic goals relating to marginalized groups in Palestinian society, including persons with disabilities.The system of social protection to which it aspires is one based on three interlinked pillars – prevention, empowerment and protection – designed to improve the situation of families by creating an integrated and transformative system for persons with disabilities, both male and female, and lift them out of the cycle of poverty, marginalization and social exclusion.On the legislative front, a draft regulation on centres for persons with disabilities and instructions on purchasing services that are unavailable from NGOs, have been submitted for adoption.\n50.In 2017, the Government of the State of Palestine, in the form of the Ministry of Social Development, introduced the Social Development Sector Strategy (2017–2022), representing one element of a policy designed to bring about social change and achieve a number of goals, including poverty reduction and the removal of all forms of marginalization in Palestinian society.\n51.In addition, a National Strategic Framework for Disability was launched in 2012, as a collaborative effort between government institutions and Birzeit University’s Centre for Development Studies, with funding from Diakonia/ NAD.Based on a human rights development model, the plan provides an appropriate foundation to enable all organizations active in the disability sector to move forward and commit to a unified national approach.\n52.The importance of the Strategic Framework arises from the need to direct and manage change in order to improve the lives of persons with disabilities and the community as a whole.The Strategic Framework is a tool that provides an opportunity to manage the process of change within a unified framework, in partnership with stakeholders.The involvement of persons with disabilities in plan development, implementation, oversight, review and evaluation is a core element of the strategic framework.\n53.The State of Palestine is currently working on adopting the Strategic Framework and rights-based approach in ministerial plans, turning it into an implementation plan governed by a fixed timeframe to address disability-related issues, including the concept of participation and exercise of disability rights.\n54.With a view to coordinating governmental and non-governmental efforts to achieve a dignified life for persons with disabilities, a presidential decree was issued in 2012 concerning the Higher Council for Persons with Disabilities, which has a role to play in monitoring and supervising implementation of the strategic framework.Under the decree, membership of the Council consists of 16 institutions drawn from the public sector, NGOs, disability organizations and the private sector, alongside the Independent Commission for Human Rights in observer capacity.\n55.The Higher Council is a comprehensive national framework responsible for directing, monitoring and regulating activity in the disability sector and providing a unified vision and approach as well as an institutional framework for action.\n56.The lack of autonomy of the Higher Council has hindered its ability to carry out its oversight and monitoring role properly. Accordingly, an evaluation of the Higher Council was carried out by five international organizations – ILO, UNDP, UNESCO, UNICEF and WHO – one of the key recommendations of which was the need for the Higher Council to become independent from the Ministry of Social Development. To this end, the Ministry submitted a legal memorandum to the Cabinet on converting the Higher Council into an autonomous body; the Ministry would be a member of the Higher Council, which would be chaired by an independent body to ensure its neutrality and effectiveness.\n57.To improve access of persons with disabilities to their rights, the Ministry of Social Development, in cooperation with the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Health, introduced a customs exemption programme for vehicles of persons with motor disabilities and a loan programme, launched in cooperation with the Emirates Fund, founded in 2008 as a joint venture between the Ministry of Social Development and Emirates Red Crescent. Putative funding stood at US$ 6,513,300, with the aim of ensuring the economic empowerment of persons with disabilities, their reintegration in society and inclusion in the wheel of production by granting them soft, interest-free loans to set up productive, income-generating projects. To date, some US$ 2,821,342 have been invested and 533 projects upgraded. The mechanism for granting a loan involves receipt of applications in specially prepared files that meet the conditions set by social development directorates. Obstacles include the low level of collateral that persons with disabilities are able to put up and other factors. It is planned to amend the statutes to increase the collateral.\n58.The Ministry of Justice chairs the Gender-Fair Legislation Committee, set up by Cabinet decision in 2018. The core functions of this Committee are to review and revise laws and legislation from the gender perspective and bring them into line with international standards. The Ministry of Justice arranged a number of training courses and workshops to review and revise legislation from the gender perspective, beginning with the Service in the Security Forces Act and Protection from Domestic Violence Act of 2017 and 2018 respectively. These arrangements target legal professionals and gender workers in justice sector institutions, as well as the police force.\n59.To help budgets respond to gender issues, the Ministry of Justice held a training course on the subject of gender in 2017, as a collaborative effort between it and Ministry of Finance. A legal aid scheme was also launched.\n60.The social sector budget allocation represents 44.22 per cent of the government budget. Although the budget contains no specific budget allocation for persons with disabilities, the allocation in the Ministry of Education and Higher Education budget stood at 868,892 shekels in 2018, compared with 1,652,645 shekels in 2017. Table 2 shows the allocations for persons with disabilities in various ministries.\nIII.Specific rights in the Convention\nArticle 5: Equality and non-discrimination\n61.The Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Palestinian National Council in 1988, announced the commitment of the State of Palestine to the principles and goals of the United Nations and to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.The Declaration of Independence established the legal basis for equality and the prohibition of all forms of discrimination.It announced the establishment of an independent and free State of Palestine, based on the principle of full equality in respect of rights and freedoms for all Palestinians, wherever they may be, within the framework of a parliamentary democracy based on foundations of social justice, equality and non-discrimination in respect of public rights.The Declaration of Independence further affirmed the commitment of the State of Palestine to the system of universal human rights, as expressed in international treaties and conventions.This includes protection of the rights of persons with disabilities.To guarantee this commitment, policies have been put in place to build a legal system based on the principles of the rule of law and judicial independence.\n62.The Palestinian Basic Law reaffirms the principles of equality and prohibition of all forms of discrimination, as set forth in the Declaration of Independence.It clearly stipulates that disability may not be grounds for discrimination and it envisages the provision of services for persons with disabilities, although it includes them with various other groups.Article 22 (2) stipulates that maintaining the welfare of families of martyrs, prisoners, the injured and persons with disabilities is a duty to be regulated by law.The State of Palestine guarantees them education and health and social insurance.\n63.Article 2 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act stipulates that a person with disabilities has the right to enjoy a dignified life, just like any other citizen.Article 3 of the Children Act likewise affirms the right of all children to enjoy in full the rights stipulated in law on the basis of equality with others, without discrimination on grounds of disability of any other reason.\n64.The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act guarantees the protection of persons with disabilities from all forms of violence, abuse and discrimination, and stipulates that the State must put in place regulations and rules to that end.It further affirms that persons with disabilities are not to be subject to any discrimination arising from their disabilities in social, economic or political life.The law grants persons with disabilities the right to claim adequate and appropriate compensation from those who discriminate against them.\n65.Given the archaic provenance of laws and legislation in the State of Palestine, several provisions exist which are incompatible with the Convention.However, the accession of Palestine to the Convention is a step in the right direction and underlines the need to continue to work to amend laws in a manner consistent with the fundamental right of persons with disabilities to equality and non-discrimination.Through its institutions, the State of Palestine seeks to eliminate all forms of discrimination against persons with disabilities and overcome the cultural factors which sometimes give rise to discrimination.\n66.The Social Development Sector Strategy (2017–2022) affirms the concept of social development to empower marginalized communities and enable them to participate in society and make their voice heard in the decision-making process. It further emphasizes the importance of not excluding or discriminating against marginalized groups, including persons with disabilities.\n67.In 2013, the Government prepared the National Development Plan (2014–2016), consisting of a strategic framework prioritizing areas for government action. As regards the social protection and development sector, the plan involved delivery of sustainable, rights-based social services to help reduce poverty and promote social justice among various groups. To this end and commensurate with the goals of the plan, in the same year the Ministry of Social Development, in partnership with and under the supervision of a national team made up of organizations working in the field of social protection, prepared a national strategy for the social protection sector (2014–2016).\n68.Despite affirmation of the principle, various forms of discrimination still persist in many areas of Palestinian culture and society in general and in attitudes toward women with disabilities in particular. Examples include the limited participation of women with disabilities in public life, employment, education and leisure, and the limited exercise of their right to marriage, reproduction and an independent life.\n69.In 2017, the Ministry of Social Development received 97 complaints from persons with disabilities: 68 from males and 29 from females. Most complaints concerned the interruption of cash assistance and the closure of a claimant’s file on the grounds that the family already had a source of income. That state of affairs is incompatible with the cash assistance scheme and means that a person with a disability, being a member of a family, loses his/ her right to such assistance.\n70.In the Ministry of Social Development budget for 2019, cash assistance for poor families headed by an elderly person or person with disabilities will be converted into fixed social credits not subject to the poverty equation; credits will be treated as basic social protection (the social protection floor).\nArticle 8: Awareness-raising\n71.The Palestinian legislature seeks to ensure that the rights of persons with disabilities are protected by raising awareness and, in particular, by changing the negative stereotype which society has of them. Accordingly, articles 3 and 7 of the implementing regulation of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act affirm the need to disseminate knowledge and educate society about disability issues.Under the explanatory memorandum, responsibility in this regard devolves to the Ministry of Social Development, which acts in partnership with the Ministry of Information and other stakeholders. A number of measures have been taken.\n72.The strategic framework for persons with disabilities in the State of Palestine involves numerous events and activities designed to raise society’s awareness of disability issues. The Ministry of Social Development oversees many such activities each year and publishes booklets on the services it offers. In cooperation with Save the Children and the Maan News Agency, the Ministry has implemented various awareness-raising activities, including short sketches and performances that address important issues affecting the lives of persons with disabilities.\n73.In April 2018, the Ministry of Social Development implemented a special programme to raise awareness about disability issues, with support from Save the Children. This involved holding workshops designed to raise the level of acceptance of disability within families, improve the response of the family to disability issues, enhance the quality of media coverage and increase the opportunities for persons with disabilities to access public places and enjoy their right to benefit from government programmes, as well as their cultural and recreational rights. Workshops targeted families, protection office staff, Ministry of Local Government engineers, heads of village and municipal councils, Ministry of Education and Higher Education staff and directors of sports centres, as well as human rights organizations and media outlets. Table 3 shows the types of workshop implemented by the Ministry of Social Development.\n74.The Ministry of Information has formulated a plan for the disability sector based on three strategic goals: improving the coverage of disability issues by media organizations; raising social and institutional sensitivity to disability issues; and raising the awareness of persons with disabilities of their legal rights and the services available to them. To achieve these goals, cooperation and networking among disability organizations and media organizations has taken place and numerous workshops and awareness forums have been organized.\n75.In partnership with organizations working with disability, the Ministry of Information set up a coordinating framework: the disability sector media advocacy network. However, its activity has been temporarily suspended due to financial and technical circumstances within the component organizations. The Ministry has distributed a guide for media workers and media organizations on covering disability issues from a rights perspective. It has also organized numerous awareness-raising activities, including seminars, forums and sketches highlighting the rights of persons with disabilities. The Palestinian media combines an aid-based and rights-based vision of disability issues. Note that the Ministry of Information has received no complaints of a media outlet demeaning the dignity of persons with disabilities.\n76.The Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation allocates airtime to explaining the rights of persons with disabilities. The Public Information Authority likewise uses the airwaves to raise awareness of community health issues among persons with disabilities by, for example, broadcasting advertisements highlighting the importance of obeying traffic laws designed to accommodate their health situation. Radio spots have been produced, designed to raise public awareness of how to deal with persons with disabilities and change society’s view of disability from a humanitarian to a rights-based one. Palestinian radio covers disability-related events and workshops, featuring prominently at the Arab Forum for the Blind in Kuwait. Furthermore, the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation holds seminars to raise staff awareness and advise them of the appropriate terminology and rights-based approach to use when dealing with persons with disabilities.\n77.In 2014 and 2015, the Higher Council for Youth and Sports held training courses to build the capacities of the technicians and administrators in charge of disabled sports and the youth organizations working with them. More than five training workshops were held, targeting athletes and supervisors in organizations working with disability. Sports and youth activities were used to raise awareness of disability rights by having each event adopt and promote a particular issue and idea. Thus, for example, removal of the social stigma attached to Down’s syndrome and avoiding use of the term, “retarded” were issues adopted by the Palestinian team in five events at the 2014 Special Olympics.\n78.The Ministry of Education and Higher Education organizes numerous activities designed to raise awareness and change attitudes toward students with disabilities. These include celebrating events such as International Week of the Deaf and World Hearing Day and making effective use of school radio.Working in coordination with specialist organizations, the Ministry seeks to raise awareness of disability in schools.It publishes brochures and guides discussing how to change attitudes, including a teacher’s guide to changing the attitudes of students toward persons with disabilities and a professional standards guide for resource room teachers.\n79.The Ministry conducts pre-training for all new teachers and teams working in special education.This takes the form of systematic training courses held at the start of each school year and subsequently as required.The Ministry’s general directorates work together to implement the inclusive education policy and a ministerial committee is charged with monitoring implementation.As far as possible, students with disabilities are involved in activities and events and their talents and abilities are nurtured.The Minister of Education and Higher Education has created the so-called “In the Minister’s chair” event, where the Minister hosts distinguished guests with disabilities.Finally, committees of friends of the disabled persons have been formed in schools to provide their colleagues with help and support and to speed up their integration at school without the restrictions or challenges they might otherwise face.\n80.Engineers employed by the General Directorate of Buildings of the Ministry of Local Government receive instruction in the importance of creating a disability-friendly environment in schools to enable persons with disabilities to move around freely and access facilities.A facilities guide prepared by the Engineers Association has been adopted as a reference.Information on adapting buildings to meet the needs of persons with disabilities and related topics can be found in the Local Government Magazine, which is distributed to all local authorities. From 2016 to mid-2018, the Ministry of Local Government participated in several workshops on disability, presenting papers or moderating discussions on the measures to be adopted when adapting buildings to ensure disability access.\n81.The Ministry of Transport and Communications uses printed and audiovisual materials to raise traffic awareness and allocates space in its publications to explaining the rights of persons with disabilities to freedom of movement and transport services, with a view to raising the awareness of citizens of these rights and encouraging drivers to adapt their vehicles. The Ministry uses its website and the digital magazine, Muwasalati[“My comms”], to promote this.\n82.In 2016–2018, the Ministry of Transport and Communications, in the form of the Higher Traffic Council, organized traffic awareness programmes for schools in the West Bank, targeting some 1,000 students, including those with disabilities. Traffic safety teams have been formed, tasked with providing training and delivering lectures to students.\n83.In 2016, the Ministry of Justice Gender Unit held workshops designed to incorporate gender issues in the Ministry’s action plans and follow-up and evaluation processes. In partnership with the justice sector and several rights organizations and women’s organizations, a workshop was held to identify gender priorities and policy interventions in the sphere of justice for the forthcoming planning period (2017–2022). To ensure inclusion of gender in the Ministry of Justice strategic plan (2017–2022), a workshop was held, in partnership between the Ministry and NGOs, on combining efforts to determine priorities and implement gender-sensitive legislative mechanisms.\n84.The Human Rights Unit of the Public Prosecution Service seeks to raise social awareness by providing training courses and operational guidelines to protect the rights of children, women and persons with disabilities.\n85.Since 2016, the Family Protection Police has implemented a programme designed to train departmental staff how to deal with persons with disabilities.\n86.Despite the concern of the Palestinian media with the human rights of persons with disabilities, the sector’s response to disability issues has, in general, been limited. There are several reasons for this, principally a lack of journalists specialized in the sensitive issues associated with disability, ignorance of subject matter and failure to use proper terminology, all of which have had a negative impact on coverage. Furthermore, media organizations lack written guidelines and policies for covering and reporting disability issues in such a way as to have a positive impact on society. These shortcomings affect how disability issues are addressed, with the result that coverage is piecemeal rather than systematic and focused largely on coverage of events.\n87.Spreading the culture of human rights in general and the rights of persons with disabilities in particular has attracted the attention of the Independent Commission for Human Rights, given its concern with eroding stereotypes, entrenched social attitudes, negative behaviour and prejudice against persons with disabilities. Several activities have been implemented by the Commission to raise local community awareness of disability. Table 4 shows the main activities implemented by the Independent Commission for Human Rights.\n88.The General Union of People with Disabilities has implemented a number of projects designed to raise society’s awareness of the rights of persons with disabilities, including campaigns run in partnership with relevant organizations to promote positive attitudes toward the participation of persons with disabilities in various ways in the community. The Union makes effective use of the media to spread community awareness and advocate for disability issues. Since its foundation, the Union has implemented numerous projects, including a youth leadership scheme in partnership with Teacher Creativity and advocacy programmes in partnership with the Jerusalem YMCA.\n89.A group of civil society organizations in the West Bank and Gaza Strip is helping to raise awareness and bring about change in social attitudes towards the rights of persons with disabilities on a number of levels by building the capacities of professionals working with disability, organizing awareness-raising activities and campaigns and holding media events.\nArticle 9: Accessibility\n(a)Measures to make buildings and public facilities accessible\n90.The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act devotes an entire section to the accessibility of public buildings. Article 12 clarifies the aim of accessibility and the bodies responsible for monitoring implementation. Article 13 stipulates that adaptation is compulsory unless:\n(a)The historical or archaeological nature of the public place is threatened;\n(b)There is a risk to the safety and security of the public place;\n(c)It would cost more than 15% of the value of the public place.\nIn the three cases above, the authorities must find suitable alternatives to ensure use of the public place by persons with disabilities.\n91.Articles 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the aforementioned Act are concerned with, respectively: ensuring the educational needs of persons with disabilities; ensuring the responsibility of the Ministry of Local Government for the compulsory adaptation of buildings and public facilities to facilitate the movement of persons with disabilities; minimizing the need for persons with disabilities to use private means of transport and ensuring that the Ministry of Transport and Communications gives them discount; and finally, ensuring that the Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Technology provides facilities to enable persons with disabilities to use telecommunication equipment and devices.\n92.Article 13 of the implementing regulation of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act stipulates that public places must be adapted for the use of persons with disabilities as follows:\n(1)Streets, roads, pathways and lanes must be made free from obstructions, in coordination between the Ministry of Social Affairs, Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Local Government;\n(2)Governmental and non-governmental buildings must be adapted to enable access and free movement by persons with disabilities, in coordination between the Ministry of Local Government and municipal and village councils;\n(3)Workplaces, markets and commercial premises must be adapted for the use of persons with disabilities; this is the responsibility of the Ministry of Local Government and Ministry of Labour.\nArticle 94 of Cabinet Decision No. 6 (2011), on local authority building regulations, stipulates that public buildings, commercial premises, residential buildings with multiple apartments and office buildings must be adapted to suit the needs of persons with disabilities; entrances and passageways must meet the specifications set out by the competent committee.\n93.To meet the legal requirements and as a result of awareness-raising campaigns, much effort is being put into facilitating physical access for persons with disabilities. A national accessibility plan has been formulated and the draft building code strengthened to include penalties for substandard residential buildings, although this has not been completed due to the withdrawal of funding by the American donor. Work is currently underway on securing funding to complete the project.\n94.An action plan designed to achieve environmental accommodation, accessibility and social integration of persons with disabilities has been incorporated in the Ministry of Local Government Strategic Plan (2017–2022). In partnership with the Palestinian Authority for the Development of NGOs and in cooperation with community-based rehabilitation programmes (CBR), the Ministry introduced a policy paper designed to include persons with disabilities in local authority and Ministry business and planning. This was distributed to all local authorities to enable work on the inclusion process to begin. The Ministry also included disability issues in its 2015–2017 strategic plan, which likewise sought to achieve environmental accommodation, accessibility and the social integration of persons with disabilities.\n95.The Higher Organization Council of the Ministry of Local Government has issued four circulars to directorates and local authorities, calling on them to comply with the environmental accommodation requirements for public buildings and facilities. The Ministry has also issued a number of decisions to directorates affirming the need to implement the circulars sent by the Higher Organization Council. Furthermore, the Engineers Association has issued a guide to designing buildings to meet the needs of persons with disabilities.\n96.Pursuant to decision no. 56/2005 (6 September 2005), the Palestinian Supreme Court of Justice ruled to require the Cabinet to implement articles 12–15 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, on the accessibility of public places, and to take all necessary decisions and measures to this end.\n97.Environmental accommodation is one of the action priorities of the General Union of People with Disabilities and to this end it organizes a series of ongoing campaigns. In 2016, the Nablus branch of the Union, in partnership with the Jerusalem Legal Aid Centre, launched a campaign entitled, “Nablus governorate is the friend of persons with disabilities”.The Union has also worked in cooperation with Ramallah governorate and municipality and concluded an agreement of cooperation with municipalities in Tulkarm governorate.\n98.Regulatory and legal barriers to implementing decisions on accessibility have been caused by the continued existence of old and outdated legislation and the failure to impose deterrent punishment on offenders, even after warnings have been issued.There have also been obstacles to adapting existing old buildings due to the exorbitant costs involved.Despite being signed off at the planning level by the Engineers Association, the existence of a very large number of buildings needing to be adapted represents a major challenge.Moreover, there is simply not enough time for regular building inspection.Additionally, shortage of staff means that it is not possible to carry out the close monitoring and control needed to ensure implementation in full of Ministry of Local Government and local authority plans.\n99.As regards the accessibility of educational buildings and schools, the Ministry of Education and Higher Education is working hard to remove barriers to the process of integration, which has been underway since the concept of inclusive education was introduced in 1997.As a result of its labours, the majority of schools – some 58 per cent – have been adapted to admit students with disabilities.Challenges include the existence of a number of old or rented school buildings which, because of their age or objection by the landlord, are difficult to adapt.\n100.The Ministry has had the curriculum for basic school grades 1–12 printed in Braille and distributed to students with visual impairment integrated in the public school system and certain private schools.The Ministry has also stepped up the training of special education staff, appointing inclusive education counsellors to monitor students with disabilities.Resource room teachers and specialized staff to work with resource teams have also been appointed.In addition, special education supervisors and inclusive education officers have been appointed at directorate level and school level, respectively, to provide training in how to communicate with students with disabilities who have been integrated within the public school system.\n101.The number of schools stands at 2,998: 2,269 in the West Bank and 729 in Gaza.There are 2,203 public schools, 370 UNRWA schools (275 in Gaza and 95 in the West Bank) and 425 private schools.There are some 50 special education schools, licensed by the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, teaching students with severe visual, auditory and mental disabilities and autism.The number of students enrolled in these schools varies from one school year to the next but numbers currently stand at 3,100 in the West Bank, consisting largely of those whose severe disabilities make it difficult to integrate within the public school system.Approximately 160 of the teachers working in these schools are Ministry employees.\n102.The Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education and Higher Education work together with several NGOs to achieve accessibility; four public buildings operated by these ministries have been adapted in collaboration with the Jerusalem YMCA.\n103.Israel, the occupying power, prevents Palestinians from building schools or making any extensions or alterations to existing schools in occupied Jerusalem.\n(b)Measures to adapt means of transport and communication\n104.As part of the drive toward achieving accessibility, several training vehicles have been adapted to teach persons with disabilities to drive.Pursuant to Higher Traffic Council Regulation No. 16 (2009), the Council is responsible for developing legislation on the engineering of roads to meet international and local standards. Furthermore, the Council works in coordination with the Ministry of Local Government to determine the engineering and architectural conditions and specifications that must be met in public places and buildings old and new to serve the needs of persons with disabilities. It is also responsible for determining the technical, engineering and architectural specifications for pavements and public parking spaces to facilitate use by persons with disabilities.\n105.The Higher Traffic Council has incorporated the disability access programme within a comprehensive traffic scheme for the municipalities of Ramallah, Beitunia and al-Bireh, involving the restructuring and planning of traffic lanes inside the cities to reduce congestion. A bill amending the Traffic Act No. 5 (2000) in line with international standards has been prepared. The bill sets out the role of the Ministry of Transport and Communications and the services it is required to provide under the disability card programme.\n106.The Ministry of Transport and Communications plans to create special parking spaces for persons with disabilities in all existing and new projects and to install signs indicating these spaces. It will also install ramps in all schools, universities, companies, establishments and service centres. The Ministry will liaise with the Higher Traffic Council to implement these schemes. New buildings will only be licensed if they meet Ministry conditions.\n107.To evaluate the quality of services provided by the Ministry of Transport and Communications in the West Bank, a working group has been formed, composed of representatives of the Ministry’s general directorates and the Cabinet. Persons with disabilities are attended to immediately upon arrival at the Ministry building without having to take the elevator. If a person with disabilities is unable to access the appropriate directorate, a member of staff will make a home visit.\n108.To improve access for persons with disabilities, the Ministry of Local Government concluded two agreements with the community-based rehabilitation programme (CBR) in the central and southern regions of the West Bank. Two conferences on this subject were held in the West Bank under the auspices of the Ministry and 150 agreements were drawn up between the aforementioned community-based rehabilitation programme and local authorities in the West Bank. The Ministry also concluded an agreement with the General Union of People with Disabilities on environmental accessibility for 16 municipality buildings; in Gaza, 19 municipalities signed similar agreements.\n109.The Ministry of Local Government prepared a policy paper on including disability issues on the agenda of local authorities. Although the building code requires local authorities to ensure accessibility, the absence of deterrent measures means that implementation has been patchy. As yet there is no Braille signage in public buildings and information technology facilities.\n110.A joint paper on accessibility has been prepared by the Ministry of Local Government and Engineers Association, although engineers have still to be trained in issues of accessibility. The matter has been discussed with the General Union of People with Disabilities.\n111.Broadly speaking, services provided under the UNRWA programme for refugees with disabilities included making home alterations and reasonable modifications to buildings, providing assistive devices, speech therapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, hearing therapy, home visits, special education facilities, self-learning programmes, carer capacity-building, financial support to enable the transfer of persons with disabilities to specialist facilities and the protection of persons with disabilities within the UNRWA programme. However, the programme has been suspended due to budget cuts by the Agency and this has affected enjoyment of these rights.\n112.The higher committee for camps runs a scheme making alterations to homes and establishments to ensure they meet the needs of persons with disabilities. As a joint project, this programme relies for funding on UNRWA and family contributions.\n113.The 2011 report of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, produced in cooperation with the Ministry of Social Development, presented statistics on disability access.\nArticle 10: Right to life\n114.Palestinian law guarantees the right to life of everyone, including persons with disabilities and includes provision for all health and legal measures to protect the right to life persons with disabilities. Article 2 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act states that such persons have the right to enjoy a free and dignified life.\n115.No cases of trafficking in the organs of persons with disabilities have been recorded by the Palestinian judiciary or General Union of People with Disabilities. The judiciary has no statistics on violations of the right to life of persons with disabilities.\n116.As regards the planning of future legislative measures to enhance protection of the right to life of persons with disabilities, the Ministry of Justice is seeking, within its legislative mandate, to include legislation in its forthcoming strategic plan (2017–2022) to increase the penalty for violation of the right to life of persons with disabilities.\n117.The suffering of persons with disabilities in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been exacerbated by the crimes committed by the Israeli occupation forces on a daily basis against Palestinian people and property in general and persons with disabilities and their families in particular, who are one of the most vulnerable groups in society. The policy of blockade and blanket lockdown of the Occupied Palestinian Territory has reduced living conditions to catastrophic levels. In the Gaza Strip, the illegal and inhuman Israeli blockade, imposed for more than 12 years, has brought economic and social collapse. Rates of unemployment, poverty and food insecurity among the Palestinian population have risen to unprecedented levels. As a result, the economic and social conditions of persons with disabilities and their families, who already suffer from a severe lack of rehabilitation, social welfare, health, education and employment, have worsened.\n118.Disability rates in the State of Palestine, excluding cases of disability caused by social, environmental and family factors, are affected by the ongoing systematic and widespread Israeli abuses committed against the civilian population. Palestinians with disabilities are victims of the practices of the Israeli occupation forces no less than their able-bodied compatriots and there have been numerous cases recorded of violation by Israeli occupation forces of the right to life of persons with disabilities; these are classed as crimes of international humanitarian law. More than 6,000 persons have suffered permanent disability due to injuries sustained since the beginning of 2000. Some 600 suffered permanent disability as a result of Israeli aggression against the Gaza Strip in 2008–2009 and a further 16 suffered permanent disability during the aggression in 2012. Some 53 persons with disabilities were wounded in the course of Israeli aggression in 2014, while 180 persons were permanently disabled as a result of injury. Approximately 50,000 Palestinians have been left with disabilities as a result of Israel’s three wars against the Gaza Strip.\n119.In 2015, some 42 persons with disabilities were martyred as a result of Israeli aggression in the Gaza Strip, including 25 persons with physical disabilities. In the West Bank, 187 persons with disabilities were wounded by occupation forces and arrested despite being injured. In 2014–2015, a total of 10,481 Palestinians, including 1,489 children, were injured; in 2016, some 1,685 Palestinians were injured. In 2017–2018, more than 23,000 Palestinians were injured by Israeli forces. In 2018, six Palestinians with disabilities, including a child suffering from mental disorders, were killed.\n120.The United Nations and other international bodies report that Palestinian citizens with disabilities are deliberately targeted by the Israeli occupation forces despite being obviously disabled. Additionally, they aim at the lower parts of the body to cause permanent disability. Furthermore, the weapons used by the Israeli occupation forces against the Palestinian people are considered by the international community to be of the most dangerous kind, designed to kill or seriously wound in such a way as to cause permanent disability.\n121.The premises of many institutions providing care and rehabilitation for persons with disabilities have been raided and ransacked by occupation forces in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, including the Gaza headquarters of the Right to Life Association, attacked in 2014.\nArticle 11: Situations of risk and humanitarian emergencies\n122.The Civil Defence Act No. 3 (1998) guarantees the right of the members of society to live in safety, protected from dangers and threats from whatever source, including disasters and crises. The Act delegates responsibility for this to the General Directorate of Civil Defence.\n123.Each year, Civil Defence organizes some 5,000 training courses for various groups of people, including persons with disabilities, to make them aware of risk and how to deal with different types of incident, particularly evacuation and rescue operations. It also prepares contingency plans for establishments to ensure that persons with disabilities are protected in emergencies and crises.\n124.Civil Defence prepares an annual report showing the numbers of persons killed or injured in accidents involving fire. The figures show that those most at risk are children, the elderly and persons with disabilities and it is these groups on which Civil Defence programmes focus. Programmes include a morning radio message and short video clips on social media, broadcast with accompanying sign language interpretation. In 2018, the General Union of People with Disabilities developed, in cooperation with Civil Defence, a list of instructions on public safety and protection against disasters and hazards in general, particularly in the workplace.\n125.Under Israeli occupation, Palestinians are subject to systematic and widespread abuses, including violence and mistreatment. Accordingly, the Palestinian Red Crescent Society and several other organizations take measures to protect Palestinian civilians, including persons with disabilities. Appropriate measures have been taken to ensure that Red Crescent branches and centres provide a safe refuge for persons with disabilities in times of danger. Furthermore, a 70 per cent success rate has been achieved by providing training in how to act in cases of emergency, evacuation etc.\n126.In recent years, the Red Crescent has begun including persons with disabilities in a programme designed to prepare people to cope with disasters and reduce risk. Furthermore, in situations of armed conflict, raising the Red Crescent flag entitles Red Crescent branches and centres to be treated as protected places under international law. Nevertheless, during the last two assaults on the Gaza Strip, a Red Crescent rehabilitation Centre in Khan Yunis was shelled by Israeli occupation forces.\n127.Israel’s racist occupation of Palestinian territory, the concomitant lack of safety and security for Palestinian citizens and absence of a just and sustainable solution to the Palestinian refugee issue, continue to have an impact on the physical, social and mental well-being of the population and put persons with disabilities, including women and children, at risk of exploitation, violence and abuse. UNRWA has monitored a high level of mental disorders among Palestinian children since the recent escalation of Israeli operations and practices.\n128.As a result of Israeli aggression against the Gaza Strip in 2014, UNRWA programmes were modified to facilitate a return to ordinary school programmes. The Agency runs numerous programmes, such as Summer Fun Week, designed to provide children, including children with disabilities, with psychological support by giving them a safe place to play and make new friendships.\n129.UNRWA has expressed great concern that the recent rise in violence and security incidents, including Israeli military operations in areas adjacent to refugee camps, has resulted in an increase in the number of munitions-related injuries, which are likely to cause permanent disability. Following a large number of security operations inside the camps, UNRWA’s Crisis Response Unit conducted a quick assessment and referred affected persons and families to the appropriate medical and psychological facilities; persons with disabilities injured by Israeli occupation forces were supplied with assistive devices.\n130.The UNRWA disability programme offers a wide range of services, including integrating refugees with disabilities within the Agency’s official education system, supporting the mobility of persons with disabilities, making home alterations and providing vocational and occupational rehabilitation, including speech therapy, physiotherapy and assistive devices. Some 2,802 persons benefitted from capacity-building training courses, awareness-raising sessions and recreational activities for persons with disabilities and their families in 2014. In 2018, following the decision to cut back Agency services, agreements with partner organizations working with disability, such as the Red Crescent, were not renewed and contracts concluded with experts in the rehabilitation of children with disabilities were suspended; the home alteration and maintenance programme carried out in previous years was also halted.\nArticle 12: Equal recognition before the law\n131.The Basic Law affirms the principle of the equality before the law and the courts of all Palestinians, regardless of gender, colour or disability.\n132.The sharia courts hold persons with disabilities to be equal with others before the law. They seek to promote the interests of such persons in family matters and provide full legal protection in respect of their financial affairs. The law allows a judge to perform the marriage of a person with intellectual disabilities, if a medical report establishes that marriage is in that person’s interest. If the marriage is subsequently established to be detrimental to that person, the law allows an action for separation to be brought by the parent/ guardian or trustee, on the basis of an appellate ruling in a sharia court.\n133.Palestinian law grants persons with disabilities, whether physical or intellectual, the capacity to acquire rights and duties (ahliyat al- wujub). However, when it comes to the capacity to fulfil obligations (ahliyat al- ada), involving the ability to act in accordance with those rights in a manner recognized by the law, the sharia courts hold persons with intellectual disabilities to be incapable of litigation and cognizance. Their interests are overseen by a judge and the parent/ guardian or trustee does not have the right to take any decision detrimental to their interests. Furthermore, the law makes a distinction between physical and intellectual disabilities, maintaining that intellectual disability diminishes capacity. Consequently, persons with intellectual disabilities may not conduct commercial transactions involving purchase and sale and may not acquire property without an agent to carry out such transactions on their behalf.\n134.Regarding the capacity to acquire rights and duties, under which a person holds certain rights and is recognized as a person before the law, persons with disabilities have the same right as others in law and in practice to obtain a birth certificate or apply for a passport.\n135.The Bureau of the Chief Qadi (sharia judiciary) has set out the rights enjoyed by persons with disabilities as follows: physical disability has no effect upon a person’s legal capacity and he/she is considered in law and in practice to be fully cognizant. The distinction here is between a person who has reached puberty (baligh) and one who has not. In the case of females, sharia law defines puberty as the natural onset of menstruation, commencing at the age of nine; in the case of males, it is defined as the onset of nocturnal emission, commencing at the age of 11. Legal majority (al- bulugh al- hukmi) is attained upon reaching the age of 15 years in the Hijri calendar (14 years, six months and 21 days in the Gregorian calendar).\n136.The first step is to determine whether or not puberty has been reached. If a minor with motor disability has not attained puberty, he will be deemed to have attained legal majority upon reaching the age of 15 solar years and thereupon be treated as an adult. His rights before majority are different from his rights afterwards. If poor (i.e. with no property of his own), a minor with motor disability is entitled to receive sufficient financial support each month from the father to cover the cost of food, drink and clothing. The father must also pay the cost of appropriate treatment, determined on the basis of medical reports. He must rent suitable accommodation for the nursing mother to enable the child to be raised in a healthy environment. The father is obliged to hand over details of his health insurance to the mother of a minor with motor disabilities to enable the child to receive treatment; if he does not, he shall be ordered by the court to pay all the costs of treatment.\n137.The mother has the right, upheld by the courts, to custody of a minor child, whether male or female. Note that any action on behalf of the minor is brought by the mother or foster mother.\n138.A male or female child with motor disability who has attained puberty may bring a legal action himself/ herself or authorize another person to do so in order to claim his/ her inalienable rights. As regards custody, the law allows a child with intellectual or physical disabilities who has attained legal majority but needs female care to remain in the custody of a woman, subject to medical reports. In the case of fostering, the court shall rule whether or not the applicant is capable of looking after the affairs of a child with disabilities.\n139.By law, a child with intellectual disabilities cannot dispose of his/ her own assets due to the fact that he/ she is a legal minor. Upon reaching the age of 18, these assets will be quarantined in order to protect them, pursuant to the laws, decisions and circulars issued by the Bureau of the Chief Qadi. As such, the judge will hold any disposal by this person of assets to be unlawful and legally void.\n140.The judge will appoint a legal trustee over the assets of a person with intellectual disabilities. The quarantine ruling includes a categorical prohibition on the disposal by the trustee of the assets of that person, forbidding him to buy, sell, give, dispose of or seize the quarantined assets save by judicial permit issued by the Higher Sharia Court after the best interests of the owner of the quarantined assets have been ascertained. To control the powers of a trustee, there are provisions holding him accountable in cases of breach of trust. Furthermore, a trustee is subject to oversight by the Court of First Instance and, in respect of financial matters, the approval of the Higher Sharia Court is required. The Bureau of the Chief Qadi issued a circular authorizing trustees to receive 25 dinars for managing the affairs of a person with disabilities whose assets are in quarantine. A trustee may be entitled to receive a larger sum by permission of the Higher Sharia Court.\n141.Quarantined assets are deposited in an orphans’ fund and managed by the Foundation for the Management and Development of Orphans’ Funds on behalf of the person concerned. Note that this Foundation is independent from the sharia judiciary and reports to the President of the State of Palestine.\n142.Cases involving quarantined assets are litigated by the Personal Status Prosecutor on behalf of the Public Prosecutor, in view of the fact that a person with disabilities is considered a vulnerable party and in need of protection. Rulings delivered in such cases may be appealed before the courts of appeal and Higher Sharia Court.\n143.In cases where the defendant has an intellectual disability and a claim for financial support is brought by his wife and/ or children, the amount will be transferred from his assets by the guardian or trustee. If he has wealth, the trustee shall arrange payment from his assets to those who brought the case against him in accordance with the law. If poor, he will not be judged by the court in the same way as persons without intellectual disability.\n144.There is nothing to prevent persons with physical disabilities enjoying their right to inheritance and property. Persons with intellectual disability may inherit and bequeath but their funds are retained by the Foundation for the Management and Development of Orphans’ Funds.\n145.The Public Prosecution Service prioritizes the best interests of less fortunate groups, including women and children with disabilities. In the case of a conflict of interest with their representatives, the Public Prosecutor shall represent the former.\n146.The Palestinian Monetary Authority issued Instructions No. 8 (2017), on adapting bank buildings to the needs of persons with disabilities, in order to secure their right to access banking and credit facilities and enable them to manage their banking affairs in the same way as other citizens. The Instructions contain engineering specifications for buildings to facilitate access by persons with disabilities and organize the provision of bank products and services. They require banks to take measures to ensure that customers with disabilities are treated the same as others by printing forms for opening accounts and credit contracts in large type and in Braille. Banks are also required to provide facilities for persons with hearing and vision disabilities and to help customers with disabilities fill in forms and contracts, if asked to do so.\n147.Article 7 of the Instructions requires a set of guidelines to be prepared explaining how to provide banking services for persons with disabilities. Appropriate training is to be provided for all staff and at least one member of staff in each branch must be trained in sign language. Promotional leaflets and brochures are to be printed in Braille.\n148.Pursuant to its oversight role, the Palestinian Monetary Authority carries out inspections to ascertain the extent to which these Instructions are enforced, applying a system of fines in the event of non-enforcement.\n149.The Public Prosecution Service protects persons with disabilities from prosecution in cases concerning financial matters. Thus article 163 (2) of the Execution Act No. 23 (2005) stipulates that a sentence of imprisonment may not be handed down against debtors under the age of 18, the feeble-minded or the insane. A person may be prosecuted by a spouse for payment in cases relating to money, such as alimony or marital separation, in the event of sudden intellectual disability or legal incapacity. On the personal level, a prosecution may not be brought if the defendant’s health, as confirmed by a medical report, does not permit. Under the law on legal implementation, an incarceration order may not be issued against a person with intellectual or physical disabilities, if it is established on the basis of an attested medical report by a competent physician that his health does not permit.\nArticle 13: Access to justice\n150.Article 30 of the Basic Law stipulates that litigation is a right that is protected and guaranteed for all.Each Palestinian has the right to resort to his natural judge.Litigation procedures shall be organized by law to guarantee prompt settlement of cases.\n151.The Government works hard to provide a suitable environment to facilitate access to justice by persons with disabilities. The Supreme Judicial Council plans to develop and upgrade buildings to suit the needs of persons with disabilities. However, some court buildings remain unsuitable for use by persons with disabilities. For example, some older buildings lack elevators and there is a lack of staff with competence in sign language. The courts continue to call upon outside experts to communicate with persons with disabilities.\n152.When it comes to hearing the cases of persons with disabilities, there is no discrimination of any kind in the Palestinian judiciary and the Supreme Judicial Council has received no complaints of persons with disabilities being subjected to any sort of abuse. No complaints about the treatment of persons with disabilities by the judiciary have been registered. Access to information by all litigants is guaranteed by the Supreme Judicial Council’s Meezan database programme. However, this programme makes no distinction between litigants with disabilities and others.\n153.The Supreme Judicial Council promotes awareness among judges of the proper way of dealing with litigants in accordance with the law through an ongoing training programme. Furthermore, the Council is committed to ensuring that judicial institutions have a number of persons with disabilities on their staff, in jobs commensurate with their abilities. As yet, however, numbers have not reached the level specified in law. The Council has taken measures to adapt workplaces.\n154.The Public Prosecution Service has taken steps to ensure that persons with disabilities have access to the judiciary. The most significant of these is the creation of a domestic violence department, responsible for monitoring crimes committed within the family, including crimes against persons with disabilities. Furthermore, a human rights unit has been created to ensure that vulnerable and marginalized groups, including persons with disabilities, enjoy the standards of a fair trial. Some 64 per cent of buildings owned by the Public Prosecution Service have been adapted to meet the needs of persons with disabilities and made responsive to all forms of disability. Ramps have been installed to facilitate access to court buildings and elevators and disabled toilets have been provided. Procedures for lodging complaints are explained on television screens in offices of the Public Prosecution Service.\n155.The procedure followed at police stations to protect persons with disabilities from violence is as follows: when a victim presents, either by herself or accompanied by a representative of the Ministry of Social Development or transferred from another body, immediate action is taken by the police: all necessary measures are taken to ensure her protection and an expert is called to help ensure that the disabled victim, whether child, young person or elderly person of either gender is properly treated. In 2016, police personnel received training in dealing with persons with disabilities.\n156.The Department of Reform and Rehabilitation Centres has developed a comprehensive plan to provide extensive training in the correctional sciences for all staff, going on to enrol some in specialist courses on how to deal with inmates with disabilities. In 2018, a special training course on sign language for seven prison officers was completed.\n157.A standard operating procedures manual on the health services provided within reform and rehabilitation centres and a special training manual on dealing with persons with disabilities have been prepared.\n158.In 2017 and the first half of 2018, some 286 staff of the Department of Reform and Rehabilitation Centres received training in the human rights of persons with disabilities. The Family and Juvenile Protection Unit of the Palestinian Civil Police also held a number of training courses on the rights of persons with disabilities. For example, a training course was held for 16 officers on the legal framework regulating the work of the Unit, particularly in relation to women and girls with disabilities. Another course was organized for 19 officers on the inclusion of disability issues in police training programmes; this was also the subject of a further course for 17 officers.\n159.The Family Protection Police face several obstacles when dealing with victims of violence with disabilities. Often there is no special place to admit victims due to lack of space or shortage of staff specialized in the issues of victims with disabilities. Additionally, persons with disabilities may have difficulty accessing services due to a conflict of interest with their carers.\n160.In its next three-year plan and as part of the Sawasya project, the Family and Juvenile Protection Unit will seek to upgrade Unit offices in the governorates to respond to the needs of persons with disabilities and others, including victims of violence and children with disabilities. Note that a five-storey building belonging to the Unit and its Ramallah headquarters are currently being upgraded with support from UNDP and UNWOMEN to make them suitable for use by everyone, including persons with disabilities and children and women victims of violence. The Family and Juvenile Protection Unit deals with issues of violence in all its forms, including violence against persons with disabilities. It is a one-stop centre, providing a full range of services together with its partners (Public Prosecution Service, Ministry of Social Development and Medical Examiner) and ensuring confidentiality and ease of movement.\n161.As regards accessibility measures implemented by the Bureau of the Chief Qadi of the sharia judiciary, there has been some relative adaptation in Bureau headquarters and gradual adaptation in sharia court buildings as part of the annual changes. Sign language interpreters are appointed when dealing with persons with hearing and speech disabilities. There is no objection to relatives accompanying a person with disabilities. Furthermore, the judge or his deputy may adjourn to the place of residence of a person with disabilities to hear his/ her statement, if the latter is unable to attend court.\nArticle 14: Liberty and security of person\n162.Article 11 of the Basic Law states that personal freedom is a guaranteed basic right that may not be infringed.\n163.Under Palestinian law, disability is not held to be a reason for deprivation of liberty and persons with disabilities are considered equal before the law in terms of punishment for crimes committed, taking into account that the circumstances of arrest and place of detention must be appropriate to their needs and that, if the nature of the disability militates against detention, the court shall agree to release on bail. The law states that no-one may be placed in a reform and rehabilitation centre without a court ruling. This stipulation applies equally to persons with disabilities.\n164.The Reform and Rehabilitation Centres Act does not contain detailed provisions relating to inmates with disabilities. In practice, all inmates are treated in accordance with international standards, in a manner that respects their dignity and meets their needs.\n165.The monitoring process for inmates with non-motor disabilities (i.e. those with speech, hearing, visual or mental disabilities) is limited to the medical care provided by the reform and rehabilitation centre. Staff of the centre are responsible for easing daily living conditions and providing for the needs of inmates with disabilities within the resources available.\n166.The number of inmates with disabilities stood at 11 in 2016; eight of them were released. Out of 16 inmates with disabilities in 2017, 14 were released. There were seven such inmates at the end of July 2018; five were released.\n167.All rights to a fair trial that apply to the non-disabled inmates apply equally to inmates with disabilities. The following additional rights apply:\n168.Upon entering prison, inmates with disabilities are given the opportunity to declare any disability from which they may be suffering and provide information about their needs. They may retain the assistive devices related to their disability.\nThe health of inmates is assessed in a manner appropriate to their disabilities and the results are documented by a competent medical committee; they are put on a work programme appropriate to their disability; all treatment, medication and medical services are provided free of charge for inmates with disabilities.\nWith support from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), several clinics inside reform and rehabilitation centres have been upgraded and re-equipped to meet the medical needs of inmates with disabilities. Inmates are also provided with assistive devices.\nAs regards spatial accessibility, the structural layout of existing reform centres poses a real challenge to providing better services and living conditions for inmates with disabilities. As these old centres do not conform to international standards, the Department of Reform and Rehabilitation sought as part of its 2017–2019 plan to provide improved living conditions by building modern centres to international standards that meet the needs of persons with disabilities.\n169.There is a gap between the legislation designed to protect inmates with disabilities and its implementation. Personal freedoms in Palestine are linked to the reality of Israeli occupation of Palestinian land and, as such, it is often difficult for the Palestinian Government to ensure the rights of inmates with disabilities. There are many prisoners with disabilities held in Israeli jails, deprived of protection and safeguards and denied the care and rehabilitation they need.\n170.According to the Commission of Detainees and Ex-Detainees Affairs, there are 10 Palestinian prisoners with motor disabilities in Israel jails, three of whom have been sentenced to life imprisonment; two have been detained since 2014 and 2015. Some of these detainees suffer from partial paralysis and others from motor disabilities. Four developed physical disabilities after being wounded by Israeli occupation forces. The number of prisoners with motor and hearing disabilities stood at 45 in 2018, including those in detention and those sentenced to life imprisonment. Some 25 prisoners suffer from various disabilities as a result of assault by Israeli occupation forces. Some prisoners are at risk of becoming disabled due to the failure of the occupation forces to provide proper treatment. Table 5 shows the number of prisoners with disabilities held by the occupation forces, their sentences and the various disabilities from which they suffer.\n171.The Commission of Detainees and Ex-Detainees Affairs visits prisoners, including the sick and those with disabilities, taking requests and supplying items they need. The Commission submits an application for a copy of a prisoner’s medical file to the Israel Prison Service; if approved, this is presented to a competent physician, who examines the prisoner. In the case of prisoners with disabilities, the situation is normally followed up with a view to providing them with new or replacement assistive devices or wheelchairs, as required. Costs are covered by the Commission of Detainees and Ex-Detainees Affairs and other support organizations. However, these measures are dependent on the approval of the Israeli occupation authorities.\nArticle 15: Freedom from torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment\n172.Article 13 of the Basic Law forbids torture and requires that all persons deprived of liberty receive decent treatment. The current penal laws in Palestine punish the torture or inhuman treatment of inmates designed to intimidate or force them to confess.\n173.The State of Palestine has acceded to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the Optional Protocol thereto.Work is underway on creating a national body to prohibit torture, which will visit and inspect detention centres, including special centres for persons with disabilities.In actual fact, no cases of the torture of persons with disabilities were recorded during the reporting period.\n174.Additional information on the application of this article is provided below.\nArticle 16: Freedom from exploitation, violence and abuse\n175.Article 19 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act stipulates that the State shall formulate regulations and controls to ensure the protection of persons with disabilities against all forms of violence, exploitation, and discrimination.Article 10 of the implementing regulation of the Act states that it is the responsibility of the Ministry of Social Development to coordinate with the relevant bodies with a view to formulating regulations to guarantee the protection of persons with disabilities against all forms of violence, exploitation, and discrimination. The new bill will contain legal provisions guaranteeing the protection of persons with disabilities against all forms of violence and exploitation.\n176.The Jordanian Penal Code imposes severe punishment for abuse of a person with disabilities, particularly one with mental disabilities.Article 293 states that any person who engages in forced sexual intercourse with an unmarried female who cannot defend herself due to physical weakness, mental impairment or the use of trickery shall be sentenced to a term of hard labour.Article 297 of the same Code states that any person who violates the honour of a person who cannot defend himself/ herself due to physical weakness, mental impairment or the use of trickery, or a person who causes someone to commit such an act, shall be sentenced to a term of hard labour.\n177.Any person with disabilities who has been abused, whether a child, young man, elderly person, woman or girl, is given immediate protection upon presenting at a police station either by himself/ herself or accompanied by Ministry of Social Development staff, or upon submission of a report. Action is taken immediately and all protective measures are put in place. If the victim is a child with disabilities, rapid intervention is carried out to monitor the situation. Initially, this involves visiting the child, in the light of which the Family Protection Police subsequently follow up the case, in accordance with the Children Act.\n178.In 2015, the police processed 42 cases (27 males and 15 females). Six per cent of cases involved violations.\n179.The Ministry of Social Development has specialist staff – integration and disability counsellors – in the West Bank, whose job it is to offer the protection, support and intervention needed in cases where persons with disabilities have been abused. The Ministry has 12 such counsellors in directorates across the West Bank governorates.\n180.The Ministry of Social Development intervened in 13 cases of violence in 2015 and 17 in the first half of 2016. There were some 28 cases of integration in 2015 and 26 in the first half of 2016. Table 6 shows cases presenting to the Ministry of Social Development in 2015 and the first half of 2016.\n181.To ensure their protection from violence, the Ministry of Social Development provides sheltered accommodation for persons with severe disabilities, as well as rehabilitation and day care. Sheltered accommodation is purchased from centres and societies that apply the quality standards set out in the Convention. In 2015, there were 27 cases of persons with disabilities provided with sheltered accommodation and 286 in 2016, across all West Bank governorates. The Ministry of Social Development has built a new centre for persons with severe disabilities in Nablus, which will open in the beginning of 2019. Working through three centres, the Ministry provides services for approximately 150 persons with disabilities each year.\n182.Daytime rehabilitation services are purchased from several organizations. In 2016, there were 720 instances of the purchase of these services in the West Bank, compared with 435 in 2015.\n183.If a person with disabilities is subjected to violence in a sheltered accommodation facility, early intervention is carried out, following a defined set of procedures. Firstly, the abused person is given protection. An investigation committee is then formed to monitor the situation. The committee submits its recommendations on measures to be taken and, if necessary, punishments to be imposed. The same procedures are followed if the abuse takes place in a non-governmental facility. There are no official figures on cases of neglect involving persons with disabilities.\n184.In 2017, there were 25 boys and girls with disabilities living in Ministry shelters; the boys were aged between six and 13, while the girls were aged between six and 15. In its capacity as national human rights authority, the Independent Commission for Human Rights monitors cases where persons with disabilities of either sex have been subject to violence and neglect. The Family Protection Police and several NGOs also monitor and follow up such cases.\n185.Abuse of Palestinians, including those with disabilities, by Israel occupation forces takes many forms. They endure violence and assault on a daily basis. By way of example, 1,680 assistive devices were lost by persons with disabilities during the attack on Gaza and nine rehabilitation centres were destroyed by Israeli occupation forces.\n186.There are numerous laws, policies and programmes designed to curb violence against persons with disabilities. However, their effectiveness remains limited as they often conflict with the traditional view, underpinned by the prevailing culture, that regulation of family affairs is a private matter. This represents a major challenge to the attempt to change social attitudes. In addition, the overall scale of violence against persons with disabilities has still not been determined. The Ministry of Health has developed a programme for the early detection of cases of child neglect, particularly children with disabilities, who present at Ministry clinics and hospitals. However, the Ministry has no measures in place for the early detection of practices that violate the right to life, security and freedom of persons with disabilities.\n187.The State of Palestine is currently seeking to introduce an act to protect the family from violence, taking into account the legal provisions set out in international conventions, with the aim of reducing the incidence of crimes of violence and domestic abuse. The act will provide legal protection for family members, including those with disabilities, against acts of violence to which they may be subjected within the domestic environment. The act will also ensure that victims receive compensation. It will impose severe penalties on perpetrators in cases where the victim is a person with disabilities. Furthermore, it will ensure that under no circumstances may a domestic violence case be dropped, if the crime was committed against a person with disabilities, a child or an elderly person. In such cases, personal right may not be extinguished.\nArticle 17: Protecting the integrity of the person\n188.The Jordanian Penal Code guarantees the right to personal integrity and articles 333–335 affirm the importance of protecting the integrity of all persons. Furthermore, it imposes severe penalties for committing an act causing injury or offence to persons with disabilities.\n189.Article 60 of the Public Health Act affirms the need to obtain the consent of the person concerned, including a person with disabilities, before carrying out any medical procedure, in a manner consistent with the type and degree of disability. In the case of persons with mental disabilities, the consent of the parent/ guardian or trustee is required before treatment can begin.\n190.Current Palestinian legislation only permits abortion in the exceptional cases set out in the Health Act and Penal Code namely, when it is necessary to protect personal integrity. Furthermore, the Health Act imposes a prison sentence on anyone who performs an abortion or helps a woman to obtain an abortion with or without her consent. Punishment is more severe if the abortion results in death, in which case the offender will be sentenced to not less than five years’ hard labour. The Act also ensures the protection of all women from forced sterilization.\n191.As regards the forced sterilization of women and girls with mental disabilities, the Minister of Health, after becoming aware that such operations have been performed, issued a decision in 2011 forbidding hysterectomy to be carried out on females with mental disabilities under pain of criminal responsibility.\n192.At the beginning of 2014, after noting a number of abuses against women and girls with intellectual disabilities involving hysterectomy operations performed with the connivance of their families and at the urging of certain officials of sheltered accommodation facilities as a condition of admission, the General Union of People with Disabilities launched a national campaign in partnership with women’s organizations to put pressure on the authorities to adopt laws designed to deter families and medical centres from subjecting girls to such abuse. Working in cooperation with the Ministry of Social Development, the General Union succeeded in having the Minister issue Circular No. 5 (2014), on safeguarding the health of girls with disabilities and prohibiting such violations in governmental or other facilities under pain of criminal responsibility.\n193.Statistics on these operations are not available and no cases came to the attention of the Ministry of Social Development in 2016 and 2017. Workers in sheltered accommodation have been trained in case management and quality standards and several workshops have been held with the General Union of People with Disabilities.\nArticle 18: Freedom of movement and nationality\n194.The Basic Law states that Palestinian nationality is regulated by law. However, Israeli occupation of Palestinian territory represents an obstacle and a challenge to the adoption of such a law. Palestinian nationality continues to be regulated by several different pieces of legislation, the most significant of which is the Palestinian National Charter. It has also been influenced by international law; the Civil Status Act (1999); several provisions of the Consolidated Palestinian Citizenship Orders issued by the British Mandate (1925); the Jordanian Nationality Act No. 6 (1954, amended), effective in the West Bank; and the Palestinian Nationality Regulation (1947, amended), effective in the Gaza Strip. Meanwhile Israel, the occupying power, applies the Permanent Residence Law arbitrarily to the Palestinian population of East Jerusalem.\n195.The Children Act states that a child has the right to be registered in the civil register immediately after birth, without discrimination. Nationality is granted immediately to the child, on a basis of equality, pursuant to the provisions of the said Act. This includes children with disabilities. Additionally, articles 17–19 of the Civil Status Act state that an authorized and recognized person must notify the Ministry of the Interior of the birth at once, providing specific information on time, date and place of birth, as well as the sex, name and status of the newborn, as stated on the notice of live birth received from the health service provider.\n196.Refugee children are neither allowed to return nor to be registered, it being the policy of Israel, the occupying power, to deny refugees the right of return, including the right to enter the Occupied Palestinian Territory.\n197.The right to nationality and to move freely from one country to another is linked more to the policy of the Israeli occupation than it is to the policy of the State of Palestine. The Israeli occupation denies many Palestinian citizens, including persons with disabilities, the right to obtain identity cards and be registered in the Palestinian Population Register. Additionally, freedom of movement internally and abroad is restricted.\nArticle 19: Living independently and being included in the community\n198.The disability card determines the basket of services which a person with disabilities is entitled to receive as part of a system regulated and implemented by the Ministry of Social Development in partnership with various authorities, government ministries and NGOs. The card is mandated under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act and article 3 of the implementing regulation and the Government is obliged to issue it and provide a range of health, social, vocational and educational integration, rehabilitation and support services, commensurate with the type and degree of disability. The card system is designed to institutionalize in a practical way the process of service provision and the distribution of functions and to define the responsibilities of stakeholders.\n199.Due to the unfortunate political situation in Palestine and the difficulty ministries and organizations have in communicating with each other in occupied Palestine, the disability card has not been introduced in the Gaza Strip since the programme was adopted.\n200.In reality, delivery of the full range of services for persons with disabilities is linked to the ability to cover the cost. Given the budgets allocated to ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities, the State of Palestine faces a real challenge. In cooperation with local authorities, the Ministry of Transport and Communications has allocated free parking spaces for persons with disabilities subject to the production of a disability card or letter from the Ministry stating that the vehicle is registered in the name of a person with a disability.\n201.To ensure that persons with disabilities are able to live an independent life, the Ministry of Social Development provides specific-purpose rehabilitation programmes focusing on, for example, home adaptation and provision of assistive devices. Supervised by the Ministry, this programme received funding in 2017 of 2.5 million shekels from the Government for assistive devices. In 2018, 1,700 applications for assistive devices were received. A list of names was forwarded to Al-Jaleel Charitable Society and Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation, examinations and diagnoses were carried out and appropriate assistive devices supplied; some 325 persons nationwide received assistive devices.\n202.In cooperation with the Emirates Fund, the Ministry of Social Development has allocated the sum of US$ 6,517,300. Of this, US$ 2,821,342 were transferred to projects and the remaining US$ 3,691,958 were used to provide soft, interest-free loans of between US$ 5,000 and US$ 10,000 each for persons with disabilities to enable them to set up productive, income-generating projects. Loans for successful projects that meet requirements may be renewed.\n203.The Fund seeks to rehabilitate persons with disabilities who are capable of operating income-generating projects to provide them with social and economic security. Furthermore, it seeks to ensure the participation of persons with disabilities in production and development with a view to integrating them in society and changing stereotypes. Between 2008 and 2018, some 557 persons with disabilities were granted loans by the Fund to set up income-generating projects.\n204.In 2016, the Minister of Social Development published the statutes of the Emirates Fund for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, setting out the administrative and financial organization of the fund, composition of the board of directors and technical committee etc. The higher coordinating committee for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities (attached to the higher committee for camps) operates a home visit programme, delivering services to persons with disabilities at home among their families. Staff seek to raise awareness among families, counsel them how to deal with disability, identify the psychological and social needs of family members with disabilities, enable them to enjoy the greatest possible measure of independence and help them to integrate in society.\n205.However, these programmes do not meet the stated goal of ensuring full accessibility for all persons with disabilities. Nevertheless, although the financial ability of the State is very limited, work is underway on overcoming these difficulties by expanding the number of rehabilitation and integration programmes that target persons with disabilities, increasing available budget allocations and ensuring greater access to public buildings, facilities and transport. The cutback in UNRWA services for refugees with disabilities also poses difficulties. Not only must Agency services be restored but the support of the international community needs to be increased to enable the Agency to serve all refugees.\nArticle 20: Personal mobility\n206.Palestinian legislation provides guarantees of personal mobility for persons with disabilities. Thus article 16 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act states that the Ministry of Transport will seek to prepare a suitable environment to facilitate the mobility of persons with disabilities, including a special discount on public transport for them and their carers. Article 17 of the implementing regulation clarifies this, stating that the Ministry of Transport, in coordination with the Ministry of Social Affairs, seeks to prepare a suitable environment to ensure the mobility of persons with disabilities as follows: installing disability signs in public parking spaces, such as carparks and bus stops; providing specially-equipped buses for persons with disabilities on main routes; spreading traffic awareness among drivers; and training the public how to help people with disabilities use public transport.\n207.Acting in partnership with the ministries of transport, finance and health, the Ministry of Social Development offers exemption from customs duty for persons with disabilities. A customs exemption committee has been formed, which meets every two weeks to study applications and examine applicants for personal or proxy exemption.\n208.The Traffic Act No. 5 (2000) and its implementing regulation (amended) guarantee the right of a person with disabilities to obtain a driving licence. Furthermore, the Act provides for payment of a symbolic vehicle license fee. Article 89 of the Act deals with vehicle license fees, with paragraph 11 specifying the licence fee for a private car or motor cycle registered under the name of a person with disabilities at five dinars or equivalent thereof in legal tender. This article conflicts with article 6 (2) of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, on the personal vehicles of people with disabilities, which provides for exemption from all fees, customs duties and taxes. All legislation needs to be amended to ensure that it is fully consistent with the Convention.\n209.To facilitate the right to mobility, a car belonging to a person with disabilities is exempt from customs duty, pursuant to Cabinet Decision No. 24 (2006), on the implementing regulation pertaining to the exemption from customs duties and taxes of private cars for the personal use of persons with disabilities. Persons with disabilities are exempt from customs duties on their vehicles pursuant to article 2 of the above-mentioned regulation, subject to the following conditions:\n(a)Official confirmation from the Ministry of Transport (Vehicle Engineering Department) that the vehicle has been specially modified;\n(b)The person concerned is of sound senses and upper body functionality and free from visual and intellectual disability;\n(c)The person holds a valid driving licence issued by the licensing authority of the Ministry of Transport and Communications.\nNote that exemption is given for vehicles equipped to be driven with the hands not the feet.\n210.This regulation was amended by Cabinet Decision No. 7 (2010), on the implementing regulation, by the addition of a new article allowing the parent/ guardian of a person with first degree disabilities to obtain exemption from customs duty for a private car for personal use on condition that a social worker’s report on the person concerned is obtained from the Ministry of Social Affairs. The process of issuing a report involves the person with disabilities submitting an application to the Ministry of Social Development which, in turn, forwards the application to a medical committee for a report on the person’s medical status. The Ministry of Social Development then refers the application, with the medical report attached, to the exemptions committee, which will decide to grant exemption if the conditions are met.\n211.In February 2012, a guide to the customs exemption procedures for persons with disabilities was produced by the Ministry of Social Development and customs exemption committee. This was approved by the Prime Minister and formally adopted. Customs exemption is granted to persons with disabilities in accordance with the conditions set out in the guide.\n212.A total of 6,596 customs exemptions were granted between 2007 and the end of July 2018. Some 800 persons were granted customs exemption in 2017, while 552 persons had been granted exemption up to October 2018.\n213.The Ministry of Social Development faces a number of challenges with regard to customs exemptions, including the sale of exemptions to non-disabled persons. To overcome such difficulties, several conditions have to be met and undertakings must be signed by those seeking customs exemption. Agencies have been stopped by the courts from obtaining legal guardianship from a court and the purchase agreement for a car in the name of a person with disabilities has been regulated. Note that it is the police and customs authorities which are responsible for inspection. Furthermore, medical committee reports are sometimes unclear or inaccurate. If there is any doubt about an application or medical report, the person with a disability is called for interview by an exemptions committee chaired by the Ministry of Finance with a membership consisting of the Ministry of Social Development, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Transport and Communications and General Union of People with Disabilities. A meticulous examination is carried out by this committee, which has the right to overturn the decision of the other two committees.\n214.Future improvements to the customs exemption service include adoption of draft regulations amending the existing customs exemption regulations to keep pace with developments in the rights of persons with disabilities, including granting customs exemption to the blind and other groups included under the current regulations and granting exceptional powers to the committee, allowing it to award exemption to whomever it sees fit, even if the normal criteria are not applicable, such as in cases of severe intellectual disability. It is planned to carry out the electronic archiving of files, for which the Ministry of Social Development will need specialist staff.\n215.In cooperation with the Ministry of Transport and Communications, the Ministry of Social Development operated specially adapted buses for the use of persons with disabilities at the Karameh crossing between Palestine and Jordan. Working in coordination with a private company, the Ministry operated two such buses. However, the service was stopped as a result of measures taken by Israel, the occupying power.\n216.The Ministry of Transport and Communications offers supplementary training courses for drivers to obtain a public transport licence. Courses include components on the practical skills required for dealing with persons with disabilities and their assistive devices.\n217.As part of a scheme to improve the quality of the bus service in the West Bank, the Ministry of Transport and Communications seeks to provide long-term maintenance for its fleet of buses and boost the long-term financial sustainability of the sector by introducing certain reforms. This is consistent with the Ministry’s strategy for developing the transport sector and raising levels of service to ensure they conform to best international principles and practice.\n218.The Ministry of Transport and Communications implements the legal provisions set out in the Transport Act (2000), collecting a fixed fee of five dinars instead of a reduced license fee for a vehicle registered in the name of a person with disabilities.The Ministry also implements the provisions on the registration and licensing of vehicles in the names of persons with disabilities, if the legal provisions apply. The Ministry of Finance is currently formulating a customs exemption policy.\n219.The Ministry of Transport and Communications is taking action to apply and utilize smart transport systems in the transportation sector on two levels, as follows:\nA team has been charged by the Cabinet with reviewing the final draft of the smart transport system strategic framework, which will be submitted to the Cabinet for approval;\nIn the light of its active involvement in the European Union-funded EuroMed Transport Support Project, the Ministry set up a smart transport project contact point and submitted a report on the status of smart transport in Palestine, noting challenges and needs. The project action plan will include activities relating to smart transport systems, which will have a positive impact on the transport sector in Palestine.\n220.Regarding access of persons with disabilities to human assistance and intermediaries, joint consultations have been held by the Ministry of Social Development and relevant ministries to discuss the best way of coordinating services and promoting social justice through integrated policies on the basis of the disability card. The formation of an internal committee consisting of representatives ofall relevant departments to develop scenarios and practical steps in accordance with the law and public order has also been discussed.\n221.The problem with giving discounted transport tickets to persons with disabilities is that the transport sector is owned and run by the private sector and, naturally, the main aim of the operator is to make a profit from the service it is commissioned to run on behalf of the Ministry. Furthermore, the Government cannot simply issue discounted tickets to certain groups because the transport operators do not use the ticketing system which issues persons with disabilities with the said tickets, making it difficult for the Ministry to determine the operator’s percentage and how the Government should cover the remainder. Moreover, there is less than complete coordination between the General Union of People with Disabilities and operators. The Ministry is currently working on introducing a card system for persons with disabilities and students that will enable reduced price tickets to be issued.\n222.Approximately 2,694 vehicles are registered with the Ministry of Transport and Communications as belonging to persons with disabilities, while 2,555 vehicles are licensed to persons with disabilities.\n223.The survey conducted by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics in 2011 indicates that 76.4 per cent of persons with disabilities (75.5 per cent in the West Bank and 78.1 per cent in the Gaza Strip) do not use public transport because it lacks essential infrastructure to meet their needs. The sector is not subsidized by the Government and the cost of adapting public transport for the use of persons with disabilities is prohibitive. The Ministry of Transport and Communications introduced a special public transport programme for persons with disabilities using vehicles meeting the required technical specifications in terms of assistive devices but only one person in Bethlehem took up the offer.\n224.Regarding live assistance for persons with disabilities, the Ministry of Education and Higher Education appoints companions for students with disabilities to help them with reading, writing etc. Furthermore, Palestinian law guarantees persons with disabilities the right of access to various assistive aids and mobility devices. The Ministry, in cooperation with governmental, non-governmental and civil society organizations and with occasional help from project budgets, seeks to provide assistive aids and devices.\n225.As regards provision of appliance, devices and other technologies designed to promote the mobility of persons with disabilities, the Ministry of Social Development, with support from Save the Children, provided talking laptops to 99 students with visual impairment in 2015, 2017 and 2018.\n226.Several NGOs are helping to improve mobility, independence, training and learning for persons with disabilities by providing them with medical equipment and assistive devices. Table 7 shows the cost of essential modifications to adapt vehicles for disabled use.\nArticle 21: Freedom of expression and opinion and access to information\n227.Palestinian law guarantees freedom of opinion and expression to all. Furthermore, Palestine is keen to facilitate access to information by persons with disabilities. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act explicitly states that the State must introduce sign language facilities. Furthermore, article 17 of the Act stipulates that the Ministry of Telecommunications shall endeavour to provide the necessary facilities to enable persons with disabilities to use telecommunications equipment, devices and facilities.\n228.Article 18 of the implementing regulation requires the Ministry of Telecommunications to provide persons with disabilities with facilities for Internet use, modified public telephones and a percentage discount on their telephone bills to be determined in consultation with the Ministry of Social Development. Article 15 of the implementing regulation requires the Ministry of Social Development to introduce the use of sign language in governmental and non-governmental facilities in line with a plan formulated in cooperation with the relevant government bodies.\n229.Furthermore, the General Personnel Council has created the position of sign language interpreter with a view to improving services for persons with hearing impairment and facilitating their integration in society.\n230.The Ministry of Information formulated a plan for the disability sector based on three strategic goals: developing media coverage of disability issues; promoting social and institutional sensitivity to disability issues; and increasing the awareness of persons with disabilities of their legal rights and the services available to them. To achieve these goals, action focused on cooperation and networking among disability organizations and media organizations and several awareness-raising workshops were organized. Despite poor understanding of the role of the Ministry of Information on the part of organizations working with disability, the Ministry set up a coordinating framework – the disability sector media support network – in partnership with several disability organizations. However, activity has been temporarily suspended due to internal circumstances within the organizations concerned.\n231.The Ministry of Information has sought to publicize disability issues, preparing a plan for the sector, implementing activities and workshops for disability groups and cooperating and coordinating with media organizations. It has also distributed a guide for media workers and media organizations on how to cover disability issues from a rights perspective.\n232.The most significant challenge consists in the lack of proper coordination between disability organizations in relation to the media.\n233.Regarding the right of access to information in the State of Palestine, three principal information outlets are widely available: radio, Internet and satellite television channels. Persons with hearing disabilities have access to information via the Internet. Indeed, they are the most active users of social media platforms, given the limited utility of television due to the lack of sign language interpretation and restriction of subtitles to foreign programmes.\n234.Basically, persons with visual disabilities have access to information via the radio, which is the most popular media outlet in Palestine. Television is less popular and they rarely use the Internet, preferring special computers for persons with visual disabilities. Persons with other forms of disability have access to all media and even the poorest can listen to the radio which, unlike the Internet, does not require a monthly subscription. Accordingly, all persons with disabilities have access to at least one media outlet.\n235.The telecommunications and information technology strategy (2017–2022) has adopted a key policy: the use of information technology to empower persons with special needs, involving cooperation with relevant organizations to develop programmes on the use of ICT tools to serve persons with disabilities, as well as programmes designed to integrate persons with disabilities in the job market. These interventions will be implemented over the life of the strategy.\n236.The Government has equipped nine post offices with a special entrance for persons with motor disabilities and installed an elevator in the international exchange office in Jericho. Ministry headquarters and offices have been modified to allow access by persons with disabilities. Furthermore, the issue of a postage stamp marking the International Day of Persons with Disabilities has provided a morale boost to such persons.\n237.Palestinian telecommunications companies have introduced special programmes for persons with disabilities, including discounts of up to 25 per cent, depending on degree of disability confirmed by approved medical report. Furthermore, specials entrances have been installed in all telecommunication companies to facilitate access by persons with difficulties to company buildings and service centres.\n238.The principal task of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics is to develop and improve the system of official statistics on legal foundations and to regulate the process of data collection and use for statistical purposes. The Bureau seeks to collect statistical information on local and external social classes and groups by all available means. Persons with disabilities are one of the groups targeted by the data collection process, both directly and through representative organizations.\n239.The Bureau publishes information in a variety of ways and its publications are available to all without exception. Its printed materials are widely distributed and reach a large number of interested parties, including persons with disabilities and their representative organizations. In general, the extent to which persons with disabilities access information depends upon the extent to which the information meets their needs.\nArticle 22: Respect for privacy\n240.The Basic Law guarantees the human right to inviolability of private life, including the right to protection from violation of personal freedom under pain of criminal responsibility and the right to civil compensation. Palestinian legislation on the protection of private life does not distinguish between persons with disabilities and others, given that it involves intrinsic rights common to all. Article 60 of the Public Health Act guarantees this right equally to sick persons.\n241.The Public Statistics Act (2000), which regulates the work of the Central Bureau of Statistics, makes clear provision for confidentiality of the data of persons with disabilities. The Act states that all information and data on individuals obtained by the Bureau for statistical purposes is confidential and may not be disclosed to any individual or public or private body or used for purposes other than the preparation of statistical tables. The Bureau publishes official statistical bulletins in the form of aggregate tables that do not address individual or personal data.Furthermore, each employee and official must sign an undertaking to the effect that he/ she will not disclose or disseminate any personal information or data.\n242.The Ministry of Health has measures in place to protect the records of persons with disabilities from unlawful and arbitrary interference. Records are stored in the electronic information system used by all government hospitals in certain health directorates. In other directorates, work is underway on computerizing patient records, including those with disabilities. All hospital and health directorate staff receive training in use of the above-mentioned electronic information system, guaranteeing that the privacy of persons with disabilities will be protected.\n243.The Ministry of Social Development has measures in place to safeguard the records of persons with disabilities, all of which are stored in a file under the responsibility of a Ministry social worker. No special training in confidentiality is provided as ensuring confidentiality is taken for granted.\nArticle 23: Respect for home and the family\n244.The Personal Status Acts, the Children Act and other acts represent the legislative framework for the institution and regulation of marriage and the family. Article 19 of the Children Act stipulates that every child has the right to live in a cohesive family unit and that the State must take measures to ensure that the family assumes its responsibilities toward its children. Article 21 of the same Act states that, without prejudice to any harsher penalty provided for in any other law, anyone who neglects a child in his/ her care will be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of between one month and three years.\n245.Article 8 of the Jordanian Personal Status Act in force in the West Bank grants a sharia court judge the authority to perform the marriage of a person with intellectual disabilities, if a medical report from a competent physician establishes that marriage is in the person’s interest and after ensuring the consent of the other party, if able-bodied.\n246.As regards the personal life and marriage of persons with disabilities, the 2011 survey indicated that 35.7 per cent of persons with disabilities in the West Bank and 30.7 per cent in Gaza have never married, while 44.5 per cent of persons with disabilities in Palestine are married. Some 18.2 per cent of persons with disabilities (both sexes) are widowed (15.9 per cent in the West Bank and 23.1 per cent in Gaza. The divorce rate among persons of both genders with disabilities stood at 2.4 per cent across Palestine (2.8 per cent in the West Bank and 1.6 per cent in Gaza). Note that the survey targeted individuals aged 15 and above.\n247.Although the law guarantees that persons with disabilities have the right to form a family, that families with children with disabilities must receive support, without discrimination, and that foster care must be available for children denied a family life, in practice there is still discrimination against persons with disabilities, as indicated by the social stigma which attaches to the marriage of women with disabilities and the difficulty of finding a foster family for a child with disabilities.\n248.NGOs provide free or low-cost services to enable the family to provide appropriate rehabilitation for a child with disabilities; they also endeavour to raise the awareness of society and the family of how to deal with persons with disabilities. Several governmental and non-governmental organizations in the West Bank and Gaza provide alternative day care and sheltered accommodation for children, including the Dar al-Bayda Centre for Persons with Mental Disabilities, a government-run organization in the town of Salfit.\nArticle 24: Education\n249.Article 24 of the Basic Law guarantees the right to free, compulsory education for all citizens up to at least the end of primary school, without discrimination on grounds of sex or disability. The State is responsible for supervising all stages of education in all institutions and for raising the standard of education. This is affirmed by article 38 of the Children Act (amended), which requires the State to take all appropriate and effective measures to eliminate all forms of discrimination in education. Article 12 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act states that it is the duty of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education to ensure the right to education of persons with disabilities on an equal footing with others.\n250.Article 14 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act states that the Ministry of Education and Higher Education must ensure a disability-friendly environment in schools, colleges, and universities.\n251.In 2017, a legislative decision was issued, bringing public education into conformity with the international conventions to which the State of Palestine has acceded. It stipulates that it is the right of everyone to enjoy an appropriate level of education regardless of disability, difficulty or sex, as long as individual differences are observed and individual needs met. This accords with the radical changes needed in the educational system and is consistent with recognized international principles.\n252.The Ministry of Education and Higher Education has adopted a policy of integrating students with disabilities in public schools and guaranteeing that education will be free for all such students who qualify. The Ministry takes a special interest in schools and institutions involved with the teaching and rehabilitation of students with severe disabilities and provides them with trained Ministry staff. The policy of inclusive education was drawn up in October 2015.\n253.In school year 2014–2015, some 7,552 male and female students with disabilities were integrated in the public school system, including 5,557 in the West Bank (2,967 males and 2,590 females) and 1,995 in Gaza (1,031 males and 946 females). Note that the number of persons with disabilities in Palestinian society is considerably higher than this, standing at 2.7 per cent of the total population on the basis of “disability” and 6.9 per cent on the basis of “difficulty”. The number of persons with disabilities is constantly rising due to increased Israeli aggression and large numbers of wounded, as well as other, natural, factors.\n254.No statistics are available on the dropout rate among students with disabilities.\n255.The Ministry of Education and Higher Education produces annual statistics on the numbers of students with disabilities in public schools, as well as in special schools and institutions for persons with disabilities, with a view to developing plans based on the statistical data. In school year 2017–2018, the number of integrated students stood at 5,171 (2,675 males and 2,496 females). There were 100 students with total visual impairment. Some 150 students with disabilities took the general secondary school examination that year. The number of students with severe disabilities (including hearing and mental disabilities, autism etc.) in special schools and institutions exceeded 3,000.\n256.At the beginning of each year, the Ministry of Education and Higher Education in Gaza arranges for a group of teachers to work on secondment to certain organizations, teaching children with intellectual and hearing disabilities.\n257.Each year, the Ministry updates the instructions for the general secondary examination to ensure that it matches the capacities of the students with disabilities who sit the examination, making appropriate accommodation for each disability to give them a fair chance of passing. Accommodation is made for blind students and facilities are installed, allowing them to choose how they want to sit the examination: with TalkBack, employing the help of a scribe or using a Perkins Brailler machine. Additionally, blind students may be excused from the mathematics examination and any outstanding fees until the use of such methods has been finally decided. The Ministry has also put in place facilities for students with hearing disabilities, including assigning a sign language interpreter and exempting them from certain subjects. Around 150 male and female students with disabilities sat the general secondary examination in 2018, of whom 70 passed. Ten of these were awarded scholarships for achieving grades above 90 per cent.\n258.The Ministry works within its available resources to provide assistive devices, such as Perkins Braillers, laptops with TalkBack, white canes, special learning materials and wheelchairs. Course materials are provided free of charge to all blind students.\n259.The Ministry monitors students with disabilities who have passed the general secondary examination with a view to enabling them to progress to university education. There is a trend in most Palestinian universities to admit students with disabilities through special committees. Precise statistics on the number of students with disabilities enrolled in higher education are not available.\n260.Non-formal education, including literacy and parallel teaching programmes, is offered to persons with disabilities in four centres, in which 20 persons with mild motor, visual, hearing and mental disabilities are currently enrolled. Several NGOs offer this service, including the Al-Amal school for adults with disabilities.\n261.As regards equality in respect of nursery and kindergarten education, the Ministry of Social Development, pursuant to the National Early Childhood Development and Intervention Strategy (2017–2022) and in partnership with the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and Higher Education and UNRWA, is working on an evaluation project based on global measures of child development. A pilot project was rolled out in two governorates in the West Bank and one in Gaza, with funding from UNICEF. The project targets children aged from one month to six years and involves training staff how to evaluate child behaviour, focusing on five areas of child development – motor, cognitive and perceptual, social and affective, linguistic and communicative and self-organizational/ self-care. Training has been given to nursery teachers and supervisors and kindergarten nurses, doctors and supervisors, as well as to staff of UNRWA and the Spafford Children’s Centre in East Jerusalem. Furthermore, parents have been taught how to help develop their children’s capacities by creating a stimulating home environment. A number of courses designed to teach parents how to address the development needs of their children from the ages of one month to three years have been implemented. In 2017, the Ministry of Social Development developed a nursery accreditation and quality system, covering children with disabilities. Furthermore, child development indicators have been adopted as the basis of the nursery action programme. Work is currently underway on developing two centres in the West Bank, one public sector and the other private sector, as part of a project that seeks to improve State interventions and provide an environment supportive of children’s needs.\n262.Work is also underway, in partnership with ministries and with support from UNICEF, on developing the RapidPro project, a digital platform for communicating with the families of children under assessment with the aim of monitoring progress. This facility is free for families.\n263.Pursuant to the above strategy, there are now more than 204 government-run kindergartens under the umbrella of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education. The Ministry has held training courses for a total of 68 kindergarten supervisors on integrating children with disabilities.\n264.No statistics are available on the number of students with disabilities enrolled in vocational education.\n265.The Ministry of Education not only seeks to integrate students with disabilities who are able and qualified but also endeavours to ensure that they can attend the school nearest to their home, once essential modifications to the building have been made. Students with severe disabilities are taught in special schools. In practice, schools are able to admit almost all students with visual and motor disabilities. However, work continues on integrating students with hearing disabilities, moderate to severe intellectual disabilities and autism. Students with visual and hearing impairment are seated at the front of the class to enable them to learn better.\n266.Some 30 schools have been targeted for essential modifications to make them suitable for students with disabilities, 30 resource rooms have been opened in remote schools and at least 10 buses have been adapted for student transport, including students with disabilities. Leisure activities, excursions etc. are organized for integrated students with disabilities, as part of the projects and programmes designed to serve remote schools.\n267.The Ministry of Education and Higher Education appoints and trains staff to spread and promote the philosophy of inclusive education. Furthermore, the Ministry has adopted the resource room programme. Resource rooms are separate classrooms in a regular school, equipped with appropriate pedagogical aids, games and furnishings and staffed by a trained special needs teacher. They are part of the school profile and the school is responsible for the appointment and training of staff. Teachers work with students from grades 1 to 4, teaching Arabic language and mathematics (i.e. reading, writing and arithmetic). The target group includes students with learning difficulties, slow learners and those with mild intellectual disabilities; the amount of time spent in the resource room depends upon individual need. There were 265 resource rooms, catering to 3,443 male and female students in school year 2017–2018. The total number of integrated students was 8,050, including 5,171 in the West Bank and 2,879 in Gaza, representing a rate of enrolment of approximately 0.65 per cent of the total student population of the West Bank (814,439) and 0.90 per cent of the total student population of Gaza (319,260).\n268.The Ministry has also adopted a resource centres project, which seeks to identify students with disabilities and integrate them in public schools, making use of resource rooms. Centres are staffed by physiotherapists, occupational therapists, language and speech specialists, counsellors and special needs teachers, whose duties include making cognitive, perceptual, language, speech, motor and psychosocial assessments of students with disabilities in public schools, as well as life skills assessment. They also prepare individual pedagogical, rehabilitation and counselling plans for students with disabilities with a view to integrating in the public school system.\n269.A national inclusive education plan for persons with visual disabilities has been prepared and textbooks printed in Braille have been provided to visually impaired students in grades 1 to 12.\n270.One hundred per cent of schools in the West Bank and Gaza Strip have access to electricity and 93 per cent have Internet access, although the percentage varies depending on the school supervisory body. Some 23.2 per cent of schools in the West Bank and Gaza have computers.\n271.Some 58.2 per cent of schools in Palestine have disabled toilets and 51.3 per cent have wheelchair ramps. Some 99.5 per cent of lower primary schools, 99.6 per cent of upper primary schools and 99.8 per cent of secondary schools have access to drinking water.\n272.Some 99.3 per cent of lower primary schools and 99.6 per cent of upper primary schools and secondary schools have single-sex hygiene facilities. Some 99.2 per cent of lower primary schools, 98 per cent of upper primary schools and 98.5 per cent of secondary schools have access to basic hand washing facilities.\n273.As regards challenges, a large number of school buildings are rented and old and it is difficult for the landlord to make modifications. Signs also have to be changed to facilitate integration of persons with disabilities by making it easier for them to negotiate the physical environment. Furthermore, students with difficulties do not enjoy the same opportunities as others when it comes to practising sport. Indeed, the Ministry’s interest in disabled sports remains limited. Additionally, there is poor coordination between the Ministry and the Higher Council for Youth and Sport over the introduction of sporting events specifically designed for students with disabilities.\n274.The broad goal of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education strategic plan (2014–2019) is to establish a results-based and student-focused educational system providing high quality, inclusive education at all levels, appropriate to the 21st century. It will be an educational system that is free and meets all individual needs. It will be an educational system that lies at the core of political, economic and social development in Palestine.\n275.In public schools, students with disabilities engage in a range of extracurricular activities, including art competitions and creative pursuits with a view to developing their talents. There are no specific programmes for academically outstanding and gifted students as a group; if there is any focus here, it is on an individual basis.\n276.Regarding peer support and guidance, a friends of students with disabilities committee has been formed in most schools to provide their disabled colleagues with help and support.\n277.Inclusive education counsellors have been trained in the skills of guidance, facilitating mobility and sign language. Furthermore, environmental facilities and assistive devices (wheelchairs, crutches etc.) are supplied to students with motor disabilities. A total of 40 schools have been modified to include inclined floors and health units. Additionally, 606 assistive devices and appliances were provided in the first term of school year 2015–2016.\n278.Training has been given to a small number of teachers in public schools but it is in special education schools that most of the rehabilitation and teaching of students with visual and hearing disabilities takes place, using sign language and Braille. Palestine needs to include sign language and Braille in the national curriculum and its teacher training programmes. Approximately 224 teachers were trained in dealing with visual and hearing disabilities in the first term of school year 2015–2016.\n279.There are 350 special education teams in the West Bank. Teams include teacher, specialist and administrator, distributed as follows: 17 special education supervisors, 211 resource room teachers, 10 resource centre specialists, 53 inclusive education mentors, 17 guidance and special education supervisors and 2,203 inclusive education officials in the directorates. Some 38,044 persons are employed as teachers or administrators in the public education system in the West Bank; special education administrative staff make up 1 per cent of the total, while special education teachers make up 8.7 per cent.\n280.Special schools for students with disabilities in the Gaza Strip include the Sanabel School for Special Education (for children with intellectual disabilities), Future of Palestine School (for children with cerebral palsy), Mustafa al-Rafie School for the Deaf, Al-Noor Centre for the Blind, Al-Amal Centre for the Blind and Shams al-Amal School (for children with motor disabilities).\n281.Difficulties faced include a shortage of resource rooms at all grades in all schools to support students with disabilities. Moreover, school administrators, teaching staff and students still do not know sign language and cannot read and write in Braille.\n282.Inclusive education faces a number of challenges, including a shortage of specialist teachers to monitor and meet fully the needs of students with disabilities, given an insufficient number of teachers whose academic specialization is special education, which is the major required to qualify someone to teach individuals with disabilities. Furthermore, the lack of financial resources has led to a reliance on projects. There is also a lack of standard diagnostic tools and staff trained to use them. There is little coordination and cooperation at institutional level between government bodies and NGOs working with persons with disabilities to facilitate early detection and diagnosis and identify needs and appropriate devices. There is a need to review the curriculum and adapt it to embrace inclusive education. Finally, there is a lack of coordination and consultation between Palestinian universities and the Ministry of Social Development: when introducing a special education academic major, the universities need to consult with the Ministry on the needs of persons with disabilities.\n283.UNRWA, which provides education for Palestinians, has adopted a policy of inclusion based on the right to access and participate in the education process and the right of all children to learn in a safe and stimulating environment without discrimination. Resources include a toolkit of 19 teaching tools, each of which addresses a particular area of student need, including literacy, arithmetic, reading, behaviour, health and physical disability.\n284.As part of its programme for persons with disabilities, UNRWA conducts primary health assessments when children start school. In 2018, approximately 6.15 per cent of children in Agency schools in the Gaza Strip and 6.04 per cent in West Bank schools were identified as having some form of disability. However, the programme has been affected by the cutbacks in Agency services mentioned above.\n285.A number of NGOs, including the Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation, are engaged in helping the Ministry of Education and Higher Education to implement the inclusive education programme and develop resource centres for students with visual disabilities. In the West Bank, organizations such as Qader seek to promote access of persons with disabilities to higher education.Additionally, there are several organizations engaged in rehabilitating slow learners and individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities with a view to integrating them in public or private schools; these include Al-Fajr Association, Sanabel School for Special Education and Al-Amal School for Deaf Children in Gaza.\nArticle 25: Health\n286.Article 12 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act stipulates: “The Ministry of Social Development is in charge of coordinating with stakeholders to ensure the welfare and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities in the following areas: … (2) Health: diagnose and classify degree of disability.”50 The same article also sets out the preventive measures which the Ministry of Social Development and Ministry of Health must take and the importance of raising awareness. Furthermore, the Public Health Act guarantees women, including women with disabilities, free prenatal and postnatal health services.\n287.As regards equal access to health services, the Ministry of Health delivers exactly the same health services (preventive, treatment and general health) to persons with disabilities as it does to others under the Public Health Act and health insurance scheme. To ensure that health facilities, products and services are within safe and easy reach of persons with disabilities, particularly in marginalized and rural areas, the Ministry of Health arranges for them to be delivered by village clinics or mobile clinics.\n288.Health services are provided free of charge or at reasonable cost to all persons with disabilities and the level of care they receive meets the same quality standards as others. This includes free reproductive and sexual health services, infectious disease treatment and cancer treatment. In general, the free consent of the person with disabilities is required in order to receive medical treatment. In the case of mental disability, however, the law states that treatment is not subject to the consent of the patient but to that of the family member responsible for his/ her care. Although the Ministry of Health provides full information on AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases, it has not yet made this available in Braille for persons with visual disabilities.\n289.Health insurance for persons with disabilities is provided by the Ministry of Social Development on the basis of degree of incapacity as determined by a Ministry of Health medical committee. It is Ministry of Social Development policy that a person with disabilities can obtain health insurance, if the degree of incapacity is 60 per cent or more. To date, no special health policies have been issued specifically for persons with disabilities, who enjoy the range of services covered by the current health insurance system. The Ministry of Health insurance system covers persons with intellectual and psychological disabilities free of charge. Essential medication is also provided free of charge.\n290.The General Union of People with Disabilities has been involved with the issue of health insurance for persons with disabilities in general, monitoring individual cases at branch level and calling for insurance to be decoupled from the 60 per cent degree of incapacity requirement and based on the criteria for disability set by the Convention. It has also called for all health services to be covered. In October 2017, the General Union organized a conference on disability and health in cooperation with the Ministry of Social Development and Ministry of Health and under the auspices of the Cabinet. The conference discussed a range of health issues, including insurance, assistive devices, medication, etc. It was agreed that the General Union would follow up these matters. Meetings are continuing with the Government on amending laws and regulations. A recent Cabinet decision addressed the subject of assistive devices and explored the possibility of developing health insurance for persons with disabilities; a committee has been formed to investigate this.\n291.Under the disability card scheme, the Ministry of Health seeks to develop its current programmes with a view to improving the detection of disabilities among children at birth and the method of referral of cases for diagnosis and identification of type and degree of disability. A national committee has just completed the first draft of a protocol for the early detection and prevention of disability.\n292.The Ministry of Health, in partnership with the Ministry of Social Development, plans to identify children entitled to a disability card on the basis of a medical, physical, psychological and social diagnosis using the international classification of functionality. The Ministry has begun developing a database on persons with disabilities.\n293.The Ministry of Health has adapted all government hospitals to enable access for persons with motor disabilities. It has also partially adapted several health directorates in partnership with local and international organizations in order to facilitate access. Work is currently underway on adapting toilets and elevators.\n294.The Ministry of Health provides early detection of health conditions that may lead to intellectual disabilities if not treated in a timely manner. The Ministry also provides free diagnoses, treatment and rehabilitation to persons with psychological and intellectual disabilities at the West Bank psychiatric hospital and the Gaza psychiatric hospital. If the situation permits, they are then monitored by community mental health departments.\n295.The Ministry of Health faces obstacles to carrying out its work, principally the political situation, closure, roadblocks and lack of contact between Gaza and the West Bank. There is sometimes a lack of cooperation from families.\n296.The 2011 survey indicates that the principal cause of disability in Palestine is illness. Furthermore, certain of the medical needs of persons with disabilities are not properly addressed. Thus 18.2 per cent of persons with visual disabilities need magnifying lenses; 46.5 per cent with hearing disabilities need hearing aids, 14.3 per cent need a cochlear implant and 12.5 per cent need visual and sensory alerts; 37.1 per cent of those with motor disabilities need physiotherapy, 24 per cent need bathroom appliances, 23.5 per cent need a wheelchair and 21 per cent need walking aids; 32.5 per cent of those suffering from loss of memory and concentration need medication, while 39.9 per cent of slow learners need psychological support; 38.2 per cent of persons with psychological disabilities need psychiatric help and 34.7 per cent need the support and assistance of specialist centres.\n297.Analysis of the obstacles preventing access to health services by persons with disabilities shows that there are difficulties at all levels. More than 80 per cent of those questioned in the 2011 survey were unable to afford the cost of treatment and around 70 per cent could not afford the cost of transport.\n298.Preventive measures taken include introduction by the Ministry of Health of early detection for children and other citizens, depending upon age group and type of disability. Preventive and treatment interventions are provided, including treatment for Phenylketonuria (PKU), as well as vaccinations, vitamin A and D supplements and iron supplements, all free of charge up to the age of one.\n299.Under the school health programme, it is the policy of the Ministry of Health to provide, free of charge, early detection for visual and hearing disabilities, learning difficulties and curvature of the spine among girls up to the age of 12. The Ministry also carries out preventive action and provides certain treatments free of charge to school pupils, including those with disabilities.\n300.The Ministry of Health works in partnership with the Ministry of Education and Higher Education to support and encourage the adaptation of school buildings in order to meet the needs of students with physical disabilities. It also seeks to integrate students with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities, pursuant to a diagnosis and report by mental health departments of the Dr Mohammed Saeed Kamal Psychiatric Hospital.\n301.Hygiene facilities are available at all government hospitals and are readily accessible. However, they are still unavailable in most health directorates or are available but unused due to budgetary considerations.\n302.Until 2018, UNWRA provided primary health care services for adults and children in Palestine and registered refugees, classified by UNRWA health centres as suffering from permanent physical disabilities and/ or visual and hearing disorders, were entitled to financial support from the Agency’s health department to cover the cost of assistive devices, such as hearing aids, spectacles, prosthetic limbs, wheelchairs etc. However, the cutback in the Agency budget has affected services for Palestinians with disabilities.\n303.The Ministry of Health faces many challenges and obstacles that limit its capacity to respond to the needs of persons with disabilities; these include limited financial and material resources. With the exception of early detection and preventive interventions, such as vaccination, milk for PKU patients and supplements, the Ministry does not have a specific budget for persons with disabilities. A further challenge consists in training medical staff how to deal with persons with disabilities, particularly hearing disabilities. The Ministry has no staff specialized in dealing with persons with disabilities.\n304.The Israeli occupation is one of the main challenges facing the Ministry of Health, as it bears most of the burden of treating the victims of Israeli aggression. It is this aggression which has largely contributed to the increase in the number of persons suffering from physical and psychological disabilities. It has also led to the creation of additional budgets to deal with the consequences of war and aggression in Gaza and the West Bank.\n305.As regards planned improvements in the health service for persons with disabilities, the Public Health Act will be amended to include provisions relating specifically to persons with disabilities and the free health services to which they are entitled. Furthermore, rehabilitation policy for persons with disabilities will be developed at national level to ensure access to high quality services that meet international standards. The Ministry of Health has not provided materials in Braille or otherwise to raise awareness among persons with disabilities of AIDS and hepatitis.\nArticle 26: Habilitation and rehabilitation\n306.Article 1 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act defines rehabilitation as a basket of services, activities and social, psychological, medical, educational, and vocational aids designed to enable persons with disabilities to live independently and with dignity. Article 5 (1) stipulates that the State must provide persons with disabilities with rehabilitation in accordance with the type of the disability. The contribution of the person with disabilities will not exceed 25 per cent of the cost. Article 5 (2) stipulates that a person with a disability who resists the occupation shall be exempt from this contribution.\n307.Article 10 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act provides details:\n“4.Regarding rehabilitation and employment:\n(a)Train qualified technical staff to work with all types of disability;\n(b)Ensure the right to enrol in rehabilitation and vocational training facilities in accordance with current laws and regulations on the basis of equality of opportunity, and provide vocational training program for persons with disabilities.”\n308.Article 4 of the implementing regulation of the Act sets out the duties of the various ministries, particularly the Ministry of Social Development, regarding the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities. If government institutions are unable to provide an adequate rehabilitation service, it must be purchased from appropriate NGOs. Furthermore, Cabinet Decision No. 50 (2006) established a credit and employment fund for persons with disabilities, attached to the Ministry of Social Development, with a view to providing for their rehabilitation and helping them to find employment as stallholders.\n309.Under the health insurance scheme, rehabilitation services are provided by the Ministry of Health for persons with disabilities. If unable to deliver such services itself directly, the Ministry purchases them from the private sector. Persons with disabilities receive specialist medical services under the same conditions and to the same quality standards as the able-bodied.\n310.To ensure access by persons with disabilities to affordable and high quality rehabilitation services of appropriate type, the Ministry of Health plans to put in place a set of national service standards. It will also develop mechanisms to monitor and ensure the application of these standards. Furthermore, the Ministry plans to train and qualify staff to work with all types of disability.\n311.Early stage rehabilitation is dependent on prompt diagnosis by the Ministry of Health and availability of services. Services are generally available in towns and can also be readily accessed in rural communities. Habilitation and rehabilitation services for persons with disabilities are not provided on a voluntary basis.\n312.Vocational rehabilitation is provided by Ministry of Social Development vocational training centres in Nablus and Hebron governorates. Staff working in these centres are trained in ways of dealing with persons with disabilities.\n313.A total of 21 training programmes have been provided by Ministry of Labour vocational training centres, involving 69 courses in 9 centres. Annex 8 shows vocational training centres attached to the Ministry of Labour.\n314.A total of 40 trainers received training in how to deal with persons with disabilities in Ministry of Labour vocational training centres, with support from the Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation. The next stage is planned to involve the same 40 trainers being trained in an advanced sign language programme.\n315.Local committees attached to UNRWA’s Higher Coordinating Committee of Community Rehabilitation Centres have adopted all aspects of the concept of community-based rehabilitation. The community-based rehabilitation programme focuses on integrating persons with disabilities into the local community.\n316.Local committees rely on the local community to apply the concept of community-based rehabilitation. In turn, the local community trusts and cooperates with the committees to ensure the success of these programmes. Since their establishment, committees have sought to achieve the following goals: social, vocational and functional rehabilitation of persons with disabilities in all areas of life; delivery of the programmes and services persons with disabilities need in their daily lives; early detection and diagnosis of disability; provision of essential appliances and assistive devices for persons with disabilities; rehabilitation of persons with disabilities followed by their transfer to and integration in the public school system; and delivery of vocational training courses to enable persons with disabilities to learn the skills needed to practice a trade.\n317.There are two government rehabilitation centres in the West Bank: the Sheikha Fatima Centre in Hebron and Sheikh Khalifa Centre in Nablus; work is underway on establishing a centre for persons with severe disabilities in Nablus.\n318.The Ministry of Local Government has widened its cooperation with community-based rehabilitation organizations in all regions, increasing the number of rehabilitation workers to 87, whose salaries are partially paid from the budgets of local authorities attached to the Ministry.\n319.Several NGOs provide vocational habilitation and rehabilitation services in Palestine. In addition to the Palestine Red Crescent Society, these include the Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation, which has a field outreach programme for persons with disabilities in their homes and local communities. The Jerusalem YMCA offers vocational diagnosis and rehabilitation. Furthermore, Al-Amal Adult Education Centre offers vocational rehabilitation for persons with hearing disabilities.\nArticle 27: Work and employment\n320.Article 25 of the Basic Law guarantees the right to work and affirms that it is the duty of the State to provide employment for anyone who is capable of working. It calls for employment relations to be organized in a manner that guarantees justice for all, including the provision of health care and social security for workers.\n321.Article 10 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act obliges private and public sector establishments to ensure that at least 5 per cent of their employees are persons with disabilities. The Labour Act No. 7 (2000) states that employment is a right for all citizens who are capable of working, on the basis of equal opportunity and without discrimination. The Labour Act defines a person with disabilities as anyone suffering from the incapacity of certain of his/ her physical, sensory or mental faculties as a result of disease or accident or a congenital or genetic factor, resulting in his/ her inability to work, continue to work or to be promoted at work, or which has diminished his/ her ability to perform any of the basic functions of life and who needs care and rehabilitation in order to integrate or reintegrate in society.\n322.Article 13 of the Labour Act requires employers to ensure that at least 5 per cent of their employees are persons with disabilities capable of working in jobs commensurate with their disabilities. Cabinet Decision No. 146 (2004), on the employment of persons with disabilities in ministries and government institutions, affirms the provisions of article 10 of the Act.\n323.Several articles of the Civil Service Act No. 4 (1998) deal with persons with disabilities. Article 1 stipulates:\n(1)The percentage of jobs to be allocated to released prisoners and persons wounded in the course of resistance operations whose condition allows them to work shall be determined by Cabinet decision; the decision will classify the condition of the wounded and set out the terms of employment.\n(2)The spouse, brother or sister of a wounded person may be appointed in place of the wounded person, if the latter is totally incapacitated or dead, as long as the terms of employment are met.\nThe law maintains that persons wounded in attacks by Israeli occupation forces have become persons with disabilities; as such, it allocates a number of jobs to them.\n324.Persons with disabilities are able to access inclusive employment, under which they are employed on the basis of their academic qualifications and practical experience. The General Personnel Council is committed to appointing persons with disabilities without discrimination and affords them the opportunity of civil service employment under the same conditions as anyone else, subject to the terms of employment. All civil service positions have a job description card that sets out terms of employment, including academic qualifications; disability is not an issue when competing for civil service jobs. Civil service jobs are advertised in the media and candidates are selected on the basis of an online examination and oral interview. There is nothing to prevent persons with disabilities applying for public sector jobs as long as they meet the conditions stated in the advertisement.\n325.Previous experience is not a requirement for public sector jobs advertised in the media, either for persons with disabilities or others. Persons with disabilities who are appointed acquire the necessary experience on the job. A department is obliged to assign employee duties on the basis of the job description card.\n326.Persons with disabilities receive the same wages as others, pursuant to the wage scale set out in the Civil Service Act. The employing ministry must ensure that the workplace is fully adapted to accommodate the particular type of disability.\n327.As regards protection from violence and abuse at work, persons with disabilities are protected from slavery, servitude and forced or compulsory labour just like others. Work is underway on amending the Civil Service Act to include explicit prohibition of sexual harassment in the workplace, along the lines of the Labour Act.\n328.Persons with disabilities have been appointed to a wide range of civil service positions, including physicians, engineers, pharmacists, legal workers, managers, accountants and many other jobs. The proportion of persons with disabilities in the civil service is rising. The figure stood at 5.7 per cent of the total workforce in 2014, 6.1 per cent in 2015 and 6.4 per cent in 2016, rising to 6.8 per cent in 2017. Persons with disabilities sometimes experience difficulties using transport to get to work.\n329.The General Personnel Council has adopted a particular strategy to exceed the 5 per cent figure.This involves rounding up the decimal fraction left over from calculating the 5 per cent of job allocations for persons with disabilities.For example, say that a government department has 10 job allocations; five per cent of 10 is 0.5 which rounds up to one, giving the department one extra person with disabilities.Note that the meaning of “allocation” as it appears in the State budget is: “a financial appropriation for an earmarked position”.\n330.Furthermore, the General Personnel Council makes appropriations to government departments that have not been granted job allocations, allowing it to ring-fence the 5 per cent quota from the last three years with deduction made in the year in which the strategy is used, with retroactive effect.Most government bodies in Palestine are committed to adopting the quota.\n331.Although the Civil Service Act requires employees to be free of physical and mental illness, the General Personnel Council announced implementation of the legal annual quota of persons with disabilities in each ministry at a 2012 press conference, noting that a person’s disability does not prevent the performance of his/ her employment duties, as stated above.\n332.The Labour Sector Strategic Plan, the strategic framework for persons with disabilities and the Palestinian Decent Work Programme all make provision for persons with disabilities in employment, vocational training, inspection, employment protection, union organization, wage and social security programmes.They also provide for the representation of persons with disabilities and disability organizations on the national Legislative Review Group, its specialist subcommittees and the Labour Policy Committee.To promote the participation of persons with disabilities in the workforce, the Ministry of Labour introduced a new definition of disability as part of the current review of the Labour Act and Social Security Act, designed to take into account the rights of persons with disabilities.The Ministry encourages persons with disabilities to join trades unions and workers’ committees to defend their interests.The Ministry also encourages private sector employers to undertake to employ persons with disabilities and has drawn up measures to require compliance.However, this right is not subject to criminal protection and there are currently no punitive measures that can be taken against an employer who fails to comply.\n333.Pursuant to inspection and employment protection reports, the number of persons with disabilities monitored in the workplace by the Ministry of Labour stood at 61 (57 males, two females and two children) in 2016, rising to 168 (145 males and 23 females) in 2017; according to the half-yearly inspection report for 2018, the figure stood at 75 (58 males and 17 females).However, despite the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the strategy of the Ministry of Labour Employment Department, there are at present no special employment programmes targeting them.The strategy relies upon projects delivered by and in collaboration with civil society organizations; one programme is currently being implemented in partnership with the Palestine Employment Fund and Bank of Palestine.Furthermore, an employment day for persons with disabilities was held in Hebron.The General Union of People with Disabilities and General Personnel Council monitor the employment of persons with disabilities and results indicate that the 5 per cent quota has still not been achieved in a number of public, non-governmental and private sector organizations.\n334.Despite the despite the inclusion of persons with disabilities in Ministry of Labour strategic plans, vocational training programmes designed to facilitate employment have not been adapted to suit persons with disabilities: courses, buildings, devices and equipment have still not been adequately modified.Nevertheless, the Ministry admits any applicant with disabilities who wishes to enrol in a course and is able to follow the training.\n335.The Sheikh Khalifa Centre in Nablus, Sheikha Fatima Centre in Beit Ummar (Hebron governorate) and Al-Shabiba Rehabilitation Centre in Halhoul provide rehabilitation for approximately 320 persons with disabilities. Twenty trainees from the Sheikh Khalifa Centre have found jobs and 39 individuals have benefitted from the Centre’s employment fund. A dress design section has been established, which has so far trained 23 students.\n336.The Labour Act contains provisions on occupational health and safety in the workplace. Furthermore, occupational safety instructions and the Ministry-approved Table of penalties for non-compliance, must be displayed in all establishments. A legislative decision on the status of private sector workers under the Social Security Act was issued with a view to providing them with basic, compulsory social security benefits, in accordance with the principles of fairness, sustainability, transparency and efficiency.\n337.As regards the systematic and widespread violation of the right to work committed by the Israeli occupation against the Palestinian people, including persons with disabilities, 10 facilities for persons with disabilities were destroyed by Israeli occupation forces, according to figures from Palestinian Consultative Staff for Developing NGOs.\nArticle 28: Adequate standard of living and social protection\n338.Articles 22 and 23 of the Basic Law include the right to housing, social security and disability and old age benefits. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act affirms the right to a decent standard of living and article 31 of the Children Act provides for the right of children with disabilities to obtain social assistance, on an equal footing with other children.\n339.The Social Protection Sector Strategy (2014–2016) sought to develop social assistance and empowerment systems for the poor and marginalized, regulating and coordinating monetary and non-monetary assistance to enable poor families to escape the cycle of poverty and promoting food security for poor and marginalized groups. The strategy also sought to develop social services for the poor and marginalized, including persons with disabilities.\n340.The Government of the State of Palestine has successfully reformed and consolidated its various cash assistance programmes into a single national programme, with a unified approach to targeting and benefit calculation, and is rolling out the programme across Palestine. This is one of the most significant achievements of the social protection sector. Furthermore, the Ministry of Social Development has created a national poverty and marginalization database. The Ministry provides cash assistance via a money transfer programme funded by the Public Treasury, the European Union and the World Bank. The programme provides cash assistance to approximately 11,116 children classified as having disabilities. Table 9 shows figures on children classified as having disabilities who benefit from the programme.\n341.Under the disability card system, which is regulated and implemented by the Ministry of Social Development in partnership with various government ministries, authorities and NGOs, persons with disabilities are entitled to receive a range of services. Mandated under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act and article 3 of the implementing regulation, the Government is obliged to issue the card and provide the concomitant range of health, social, vocational, educational, integration, rehabilitation and support services, commensurate with the type and degree of disability. The card system is designed to institutionalize in a practical manner the process of service provision and the distribution of stakeholder functions and responsibilities.\n342.A Cabinet decision of 2009, on implementation of the disability card programme, allocated US$ 238,000 to implement stage one by conducting a specialist survey in cooperation with the Central Bureau of Statistics. The survey was carried out in 2011 on a sample 15,572 Palestinian families. In the same year, the Cabinet issued a decision forming the national disability card implementation committee, membership of which included 12 government ministries, tasked with coordinating efforts and activities relating to the services guaranteed under the card programme, formulating plans for persons with disabilities, determining the budgets necessary to implement the programme and drafting a procedures guide to ensure systematic implementation of programme goals, in addition to prioritizing disability issues on the agendas of ministries and government institutions.\n343.Following a delay in implementing the card by 12 ministries, and taking the Lebanese experience into account, a decision was taken by the Ministry of Social Development to implement, as a first step, the card programme only in respect of services provided by the Ministry and other core ministries, including the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education and Higher Education. The other ministries would join the programme at a later date. Under the card programme, the initial launch of the case management system featured the services provided by the above ministries; these represent part of the case management system programmed by the Ministry, with funding from Save the Children. The programme covers detection, diagnosis, assessment and service provision.\n344.The software for detection and diagnosis is complete and work is underway on the software for assessment. The Ministry of Social Development is currently implementing the assistive devices scheme with full government funding. This scheme was discussed above.\n345.As regards challenges, there have been no tangible changes in Palestine commensurate with the global shift in attitudes toward disability as a human rights issue. This is reflected in the low level of cooperation between the ministerial committees implementing the disability card programme and the limited extent to which ministerial plans and programmes feature disability issues. Furthermore, the shortage of qualified staff in public sector institutions represents a real challenge for the Government.\n346.In the Gaza Strip, where the disability card programme has not been introduced, teams from the General Directorate for Persons with Disabilities, based in ministry headquarters and the directorates, nevertheless chalked up a wide range of achievements in 2015 in implementation of the annual plan, especially in the field of educational counselling.\n347. As regards cash assistance for poor families, the entitlement criteria apply to the family as a unit. The family completes a form containing a number of questions to be answered; a checklist is then completed during a field visit to the family. On this basis, the situation of the family and the extent to which it meets the conditions for assistance are determined.\n348. The method of determining entitlement to assistance will be changed to allow a person with disabilities to obtain his/ her natural right to assistance as an individual instead of as a member of a family, in the 2019 Ministry of Social Development budget.\n349. The Ministry of Social Development works in cooperation with the Palestine Red Crescent Society on a home adaptation programme, providing financial assistance to improve the domestic environment of persons with disabilities, with a view to meeting their needs and those of their carers. A further programme, on motor guidance for persons with visual disabilities, is designed to develop their skills to enable them to live independently at home. There is also a service purchase programme for persons with disabilities under which services were purchased for 1,675 persons with disabilities in 2017 and 2018. Table 10 shows cases of service purchase by the Ministry of Social Development in 2018.\n350. As regards the quality of life of persons with disabilities, the 2011 survey indicated that 34.2 per cent (32.1 per cent in the West Bank and 38.4 per cent in the Gaza Strip) were wholly incapable of carrying out day-to-day activities around the home due to environmental and physical obstructions, while 24.6 per cent (28.3 per cent in the West Bank and 16.2 per cent in the Gaza Strip) were in urgent need of ramps at home to help with mobility. Note that the survey targeted persons aged 18 and above.\n351.The results of the 2011 survey indicate that persons with motor disabilities had the greatest difficulty accessing public services, followed by those with communication disabilities (74.4 per cent and 67.2 per cent respectively). Furthermore, 26.9 per cent of persons with motor disabilities and 25 per cent of persons with communication difficulties struggle to access banking services.\n352.During the said period, Palestinian Consultative Staff for NGO Development received 264 complaints involving the right to a decent standard of living.The organization was able to find a positive solution in only 42 cases. In the remaining 222 cases, despite receiving written replies to the complaints, it proved impossible to reach a satisfactory solution.\n353.The main issue here is that the poverty equation in social development programmes does not treat persons with disabilities as a distinct element, separate from the rest of the family; instead, it treats them as one component of the poverty equation and dependent on the family.\n354.The UNRWA Social Safety Net Programme, provides food for families unable to meet their basic nutritional needs.In the West Bank, the Agency distributed food coupons to approximately 45,000 persons in 2014 and 2015, of whom around 2,000 had disabilities.However, along with other services for Palestinian refugees, this assistance has been affected by the cuts in international aid to the Agency.\n355.The abuses committed by the Israeli occupation threaten the right of persons with disabilities to a decent standard of living. The occupation has a policy of demolishing the homes of Palestinians, including the homes of those with disabilities. It also follows a policy of forced evacuation and bombardment of houses, as during the series of wars against the Gaza Strip, when 351 houses in the Gaza Strip were destroyed, 58 of them completely and 293 partially. As a result of the war, 2,204 persons with disabilities living in Gaza were forced to leave their homes and seek shelter in one of the 45 accommodation centres set up in schools.\nArticle 29: Participation in political and public life\n356.Article 26 of the Basic Law guarantees all Palestinians the right to participate in political life without discrimination. Article 4 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act and article 8 of its implementing regulation guarantee persons with disabilities the right to form associations and societies.\n357.Since its foundation in its present form in 2002, the Central Elections Commission has not neglected persons with disabilities. Indeed, under the General Elections Act, it provides them with all necessary assistance. Article 80 of Act No. 9 (2005), on elections, and article 86 (4) of Legislative Decision No. 1 (2007), on general elections, address the right to vote of persons with disabilities: “If a voter is illiterate or has a disability such as would prevent him/ her from marking the ballot paper alone, he/ she may seek the help of another, trusted person, subject to the agreement of the election committee; the head of the election committee must check the ballot paper and confirm that the person’s wish has been carried out. This procedure was followed in the 2005 presidential elections and 2006 Legislative Council elections, where the Commission’s guidelines ensured that the right of the voter to cast his/ her vote with complete freedom was upheld.\n358.Pursuant to the provisions of article 40 of the Local Government Council Election Act No. 10 (2005), the Central Elections Commission put in place rules and procedures for illiterates and persons with disabilities to ensure their right to vote in the 2017 local elections, allowing them to be escorted by a companion to help them vote on condition that the companion is at least a second degree relative of the voter. The polling station is responsible for recording the names, ID numbers and signatures of these voters and their companions on a special form in order to prevent the companion from helping more than one voter and limit claims of illiteracy.\n359.Articles 27 and 28 of Legislative Decision No. 1 (2007), on general elections, determine eligibility to vote and the scope of the right to vote. Article 29 considers those who have lost legal capacity on the basis of a final court ruling as having been deprived of the right to vote.\n360.Pursuant to the provisions of the Act, the Central Elections Commission has implemented a series of projects to ensure the full participation of persons with disabilities in elections, in cooperation with the General Union of People with Disabilities in the West Bank (including Jerusalem) and Gaza Strip. It has also promoted partnerships with NGOs, including the Stars of Hope Foundation for women with disabilities and other organizations with a view to attracting their expertise and knowledge of the needs of persons with disabilities. In collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Higher Education and Ministry of Local Government and with the help of the Engineers Association, it has taken measures to ensure that polling stations meet the needs of persons with disabilities.\n361.With a view to formulating a comprehensive picture of the interventions necessary to meet the needs of persons with disabilities, the Commission implemented a three-stage project: Stage one involved concluding a memorandum of understanding with the General Union of People with Disabilities and liaising with the Ministry of Social Development and stakeholders to obtain data and statistics on disability. A survey of polling stations in the West Bank, Jerusalem and Gaza was conducted to gauge the extent to which they have been adapted to the needs of persons with disabilities and identify those which need further modification; the survey showed that 27 polling stations needed modification. The most significant outcome at this stage was the acquisition of data on 71,006 persons with disabilities officially registered with the authorities, of whom 70 per cent (i.e. 50,196 individuals) were registered on the electoral roll (30,822 in the West Bank and 19,385 in Gaza).\n362.In stage two, the Commission held a number of workshops for branch heads of the General Union of People with Disabilities and Commission staff in the West Bank to explain the aim of the project and the Commission’s vision. Stage three elaborated the project concept and activities were implemented by the Commission in 2015 and 2016 with funding from the Government of Norway. These activities included training Commission staff to make the accommodations necessary for persons with disabilities to participate in the electoral process with ease. This was put into practice in the 2017 local elections.\n363.The Commission adapted a number of polling stations to meet the needs of voters with visual disabilities. This involved making voting instructions available in Braille and installing special pathways to guide voters to polling booths without assistance. The Commission also prepared a form containing the names of candidates in Braille as they appear on the ballot paper.\n364.In the 2017 local elections, 10,382 (56 per cent) out of a total of 18,607 registered persons with disabilities cast their vote.\n365.Having urged its partners in the electoral process to harmonize election procedures, the Commission amended all its procedures relating to observers, candidates and political parties. It adopted a matrix for this purpose, designed in partnership with the General Union of People with Disabilities. Fully comprehensive plans have been prepared to ensure the secure and genuine participation of persons with disabilities.\n366.The most significant challenge facing the Commission is the limited treatment the issue of persons with disabilities receives in domestic electoral legislation. Clear, mandatory procedures must be put in place for the Commission’s electoral partners to follow, particularly with regard to electoral lists and political parties. Nevertheless, the monitors invited relevant organizations to take an active part in the 2017 local elections. The Commission has opened at least one centre in every Palestinian city, each fully adapted to the needs of persons with disabilities, particularly visual disabilities, to enable them to cast their vote freely without impediment.\n367.In principle no citizen, whether or not they have a disability, may be denied the right to vote or the right to stand for election save pursuant to a final judicial ruling issued by a competent court. The Commission is keen to encourage the families of persons with disabilities to participate in electoral workshops in order to raise awareness. It calls upon the relevant bodies to do what is necessary to ensure the free participation of persons with disabilities in elections. The Commission’s lack of resources is another challenge and a special budget is needed to enable the Commission to continue its work with electoral partners. This work was begun in part by international organizations and now needs to be brought to a conclusion. Note that the Israeli colonial occupation system of roadblocks and other obstacles and abuses makes it difficult for persons with disabilities to move freely and gain access to polling stations.\n368.The Central Elections Commission plans to extend its activity to include candidates, political parties and other partner institutions, working in parallel with the Commission to provide the resources needed to ensure that procedures are properly applied in future elections. The Commission will focus on three approaches with a view to integrating persons with disabilities. Building upon its previous work, it will continue to adapt and develop measures for persons with disabilities in the course of the four-year electoral cycle, for application in future elections. It will seek to fund and implement schemes to involve persons with disabilities in the electoral process and develop mechanisms to benefit the Commission and its partners, including federations, organizations, political parties and the media, with the aim of promoting the concept of disability integration and integrating persons with disabilities in the partnership system; the Commission plans to implement an integrated US$ 160,000 project, once donor funding becomes available. Finally, the Commission will work together with partner organizations to adapt procedures and measures to ensure the effective participation of persons with disabilities.\n369.The General Union of People with Disabilities was founded in 1991 as a non-profit making grassroots rights organization attached to the Department of Popular Organization of the Palestine Liberation Organization and working to ensure the representation of persons with disabilities and the defence of their rights in all areas of life. It provides services without discrimination and has no political, religious or sectarian affiliation. Its headquarters are in Jerusalem but it is currently operating out of temporary headquarters in Ramallah, with offices in each of the governorates.\n370. regards the representation of different groups, article 4 of its statutes stipulates that the Union shall be constituted as follows:\n(1)Branch general committee, made up of all branch members who have met their obligations under the statutes;\n(2)Branch management committee, consisting of seven members elected for a three-year term by the branch general committee;\n(3)General conference, the Union’s highest authority; competent to consider all issues and take all organizational decisions except those delegated to the committees;\n(4)Board of directors, consisting of 13 members of the general conference from all areas, elected for a three-year term by the general conference;\n(5)Oversight committee, elected by the general conference.\nThe Union also has a number of specialized committees (sports, social, women etc.) working in parallel with the board and branch committees. Committees give priority to the representation of women and persons with motor, hearing and visual disabilities.\n371.Working on a voluntary basis, Union staff monitor all issues concerning Palestinians with disabilities, representing them and defending their rights on a daily basis. They follow up the work of government ministries, participate actively and effectively in the formulation of ideas, policies and plans and monitor the extent to which these are implemented on the ground. The Union is also involved in formulating the policies and plans of NGOs in relation to the rights of persons with disabilities.\n372.The Union serves persons with disabilities on its own behalf and on behalf of the Government. Examples include providing free health insurance, taking joint action with the customs exemption committee and promoting the right to public and private sector employment. The Union also monitors implementation of the law in this regard. It follows up with the Government interventions for persons with disabilities in general, as well as individual cases requiring prompt action.\n373.The Union has concluded several agreements to supply assistive devices, launch economic empowerment schemes, make home modifications and hold awareness-raising workshops. It has also concluded agreements with a number of enterprises, such as insurance companies, banks and the Paltel Group, as well as other local and international establishments, to raise awareness of the rights of persons with disabilities and ensure the application in practice of their rights.\n374.The main challenges facing the Union are the absence of detailed financial and administrative guidelines, lack of sustainable funding and shortage of essential financial resources to implement projects, resulting in a failure to attract paid executives.\nArticle 30: Participation in cultural life, recreation, leisure and sport\n375.The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act guarantees the right of persons with disabilities to recreation and sport by providing for the adaptation of playing fields, sports halls, camps, clubs and facilities. It also supports the attendance of persons with disabilities at local and international sporting events by reducing entry fees to government leisure and cultural centres by 50 per cent. Article 12 of the implementing regulation addresses the cultural rights of persons with disabilities.\n376.Palestine seeks to incorporate the cultural rights of persons with disabilities in its strategies and plans. As such, the Ministry of Culture’s Strategic Plan (2017–2022) contains a set of programmes and goals relating to persons with disabilities. Furthermore, the annual implementation plan includes cultural projects and a wide range of activities for persons with disabilities, including painting, literature, music, singing, handicrafts, summer camps, drawing, individual support and institutional empowerment.\n377.A bill is currently being drafted addressing copyright and related rights, including the right of persons with visual disabilities to enjoy printed materials transcribed in Braille or converted into audio format pursuant to the Marrakesh Treaty and the exceptions made for educational institutions and libraries, which enable printed materials to be converted into Braille or audio format without requiring the author’s permission.\n378.Persons with disabilities are integrated in all of the Ministry’s activities and programmes, without exception, discrimination or distinction between one disability and another. Persons with visual, hearing and intellectual disabilities and Down’s syndrome are treated equally, without discrimination; the only exception is Braille typing for the blind. Issues relating to persons with disabilities are accorded considerable importance in the action plans of the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation, as reflected in the headquarters building, which has been adapted to facilitate the mobility of persons with disabilities, the integrated programming cycle which ensures their participation in television and radio activity and the allocation of airtime to disability issues.\n379.Persons with disabilities are able to access all kinds of cultural materials. The Ministry has had short stories and novels printed in Braille, including Haytalya by Jabra Ibrahim Jabra and The Little Lantern by Ghassan Kanafani. Every year more material is printed in Braille.\n380.One of the goals of the Ministry of Culture’s strategic plan is to collaborate with theatres, cinemas and cultural centres to carry out modifications. When contacted, some facilities responded positively and carried these out, while others promised to do so. The main challenge is the modest financial support provided by the Ministry due to its limited budget.\n381.As regards development of creative resources, the Ministry of Culture held a number of art exhibitions and painting workshops in 2015 and took part in the celebrations marking International Day of Persons with Disabilities. It also organized recreational activities, the last of which was held at the Qaqun Charitable Society for the Deaf and the Zuhayr al-Mohsen and Mahmoud al-Hamshari schools. These activities were held again in 2017.\n382.Persons with disabilities took part in the Palestine International Book Fair in 2014, 2016 and 2018, housed in a wing provided free of charge to disability organizations. To promote the cultural rights of persons with disabilities, the Ministry of Culture supplies libraries for the blind with its own publications and material purchased at the ninth and tenth Palestine International Book Fair. Nine societies and schools for persons with disabilities in the West Bank have libraries suitable for use by those with visual disabilities; there are also a number of libraries in Gaza for persons with disabilities.\n383.Seeking to ensure the recreational and cultural rights of persons with disabilities, the Ministry of Culture offers discounted cinema tickets and a half-price entry charge for persons with disabilities to cultural and recreational centres and archaeological sites.\n384.A 100 per cent discount for persons with disabilities is offered by all sports organizations. Furthermore, prominent cultural figures with disabilities are honoured, among them Fathi al-Anzawi, a leading cultural figure from Jenin governorate. The Rawan Association received funding for a summer camp for children with learning difficulties. The Ministry subsidized musician and theatre director Ibrahim Sarhan from Gaza and artist Mahmoud Daghash from Tulkarm, both of whom have disabilities.\n385.The Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation broadcasts television programmes dealing with disability to publicize disability issues and show that persons with disabilities are a normal part of the community. A series of documentary films on disability have been produced and the creations of artists with disabilities displayed. A dabkeh troupe, consisting of dancers with hearing and speech disabilities has been formed. On top of this, the Palestinian national anthem (“My homeland”) has been sung in sign language. The Corporation broadcasts a live news broadcast in sign language.\n386.In 2011, Voice of Palestine radio launched the first season of “Imprint of Hope”, prepared and presented by a person with visual disabilities. The programme discusses disability issues live on air and broadcasts appeals for jobs and university scholarships for persons with disabilities. These appeals are sometimes answered. The Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation raises disability-related issues in other programmes, too, enabling persons with disabilities to have their voices heard and their concerns listened to. The Corporation signed an agreement with the Palestinian Union for the Deaf to translate daily television news bulletins into sign language for the hearing impaired.\n387.The HigherCouncil forYouth and Sport has helped sports clubs carry out essential alterations under the Engineers Association-approved building code. These clubs include Shabab al-Bireh Institute, Jabal al-Nar Club, Beita Sports Club, Beit al-Tifl Club, Al-Bireh Cultural Club and Sareyyet Ramallah.\n388.Furthermore, support was provided to enable persons with disabilities to qualify under International Paralympic Committee rules to take part in international events such as the West Asian Games and all Asian championships in preparation for the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the 2014 Winter Paralympics in South Korea, the special world summer games in the United States and the special regional games in Egypt.\n389.Persons with disabilities participate in all activities, programmes and projects organized by the HigherCouncil forYouth and Sport, which provides all essential facilities.\n390. Disabled sports are overseen by the competent bodies, which provide appropriate support, including helping persons with disabilities participate in national and international events. They work in coordination with the International Paralympic Committee, disabled sport’s governing body, to which all sports clubs and associations for persons with physical and sensory disabilities are affiliated.\n391.Persons with mental disabilities come within the purview of the Palestine Special Olympics Palestine;more than 2,000 sportsmen and sportswomen are registered for the Special Olympics and subsidiary programmes.\n392.Sports clubs for persons with disabilities are licensed.Currently, there are 12 registered clubs for persons with disabilities operating in the West Bank and ten in Gaza.When evaluating the work of youth clubs and centres, one of the key elements is the extent to which they respond to the needs and demands of persons with disabilities, focusing on the four key themes of programmes, development, human resources and governance.\n393.The HigherCouncil forYouth and Sport stresses the need to include persons with disabilities in summer camps for young people. In recent years, more than ten summer camps especially for persons with disabilities have been organized in which more than 1,000 have taken part. In other camps, participation has tended to be confined to a limited number of persons with disabilities, mostly those suffering from motor disabilities or partial hearing impairment.\n394. Persons with disabilities have participated in many regional and international championships. For example, Al- Mustaqbal Club for the Persons with Disabilities took part in the West Asian sitting volleyball championship and West Asian wheelchair basketball club championship. Palestine took part in the Special Summer Olympiad in Los Angeles and Special Winter Olympiad in Austria in 2017. A Palestinian team took part in the special regional games held in Abu Dhabi in 2018 and the athletics championships in Turkey.\n395. The Palestinian Special Olympic team has won numerous medals, including Los Angeles (six gold, four silver and six bronze) and Abu Dhabi (nine gold, six silver and eight bronze). Furthermore, Al- Mustaqbal Club took silver and the runner ’ s up cup in sitting volleyball, as well as the bronze medal in wheelchair basketball.\n396. The challenges facing the HigherCouncil forYouth and Sport with regard to the rights of persons with disabilities are linked to the abuses of the Israeli occupation, especially the repeated attacks on sports facilities and youth clubs. There is, too, the high cost of sports equipment for persons with disabilities; the acute shortage of modified public transport for persons with disabilities; the lack of trained staff capable of leading disabled sports and youth activities; the meagre financial resources of disabled sports organizations; the absence of modified public spaces; and the lack of awareness of the rights of persons with disabilities in the sphere of youth and sports. These all represent impediments to the exercise of their rights by persons with disabilities.\n397. The future plans of the HigherCouncil forYouth and Sport involve greater inclusion of persons with disabilities in sporting activities, with due regard to their rights. The general policies developed by the Council recognize the rights of persons with disabilities and this is reflected in the programmes and activities it implements. In the course of developing the Council ’ s strategy plan (2017 – 2022), a number of workshops for persons with disabilities were held to ensure that the plan took their needs and the challenges they face into consideration.\n398. NGOs, including the Red Crescent, give persons with disabilities the opportunity to take part in recreational, sporting and cultural life in the West Bank and Gaza.\nD.The situation of women and children with disabilities\nArticle 6: Women with disabilities\n399.Palestine acceded to the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979) and its first official report was discussed by the CEDAW Committee in July 2018. The Basic Law affirms the equality of all citizens and outlaws discrimination on grounds of gender, disability etc.\n400.The Ministry of Women’s Affairs in Palestine seeks to institutionalize and mainstream the concept of gender. Given that the Ministry has a political rather than a service character and its planning extends across sectors, there is no clear and specific intervention focusing on women with disabilities for which the Ministry of Women’s Affairs is directly responsible. Other ministries, such as the Ministry of Social Development, are responsible for implementing a series of such interventions.\n401.Over the last two years, a review paper on the situation of women with disabilities in Palestine has been prepared by the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and two workshops have been implemented in collaboration with Ministry staff with a view to increasing awareness of issues of women with disabilities. Additionally, a workshop was held with coordinators from Tawasol centres to increase awareness of such issues. This is reflected in the role these centres play in the governorates.\n402.Coordination has been stepped up with disability organizations in the West Bank, particularly those concerned with issues of women with disabilities. A workshop was organized with a group of such organizations as a first step toward developing a strategy plan designed to respond to gender and disability issues. Furthermore, a number of disability organizations took part in workshops focused on preparing the Ministry’s national cross-sector strategy plan (2017–2022).\n403.The Ministry of Women’s Affairs cross-sector strategy plan (2017–2022) focuses on women with disabilities, aiming to develop a system of safe houses able to respond more sensitively to the admission of girls with disabilities. Working in coordination with the police, it seeks to incorporate issues of women with disabilities in family protection unit programmes at the level of interventions, skills and services. Additionally, the plan seeks to create a procedural environment in institutions of justice responsive to the needs of women and children with disabilities who have been affected by violence. A standard procedures guide has been prepared on the referral system for battered women. Policies sensitive to the needs of women with disabilities have been developed, ensuring that these are taken into account when formulating measures to protect women from violence. Together with its partners, the Ministry is engaged in planning to ensure that battered women with disabilities have access to appropriate services and that temporary alternatives are available where they can be protected. A national complaints system is being developed to respond to the needs of, in particular, women with disabilities. Training workshops have been held for female community rehabilitation workers on methods of detecting violence against persons with disabilities. Furthermore, work is underway on institutionalizing the protection of women with disabilities in particular by amending forms, functional descriptions and referral mechanisms and by reforming the bodies responsible for delivering health, social and legal services.\n404.Women with disabilities are highlighted in campaigns implemented by the Ministry of Women’s Affairs, such as the “From home to home” campaign. There is also a focus on women with disabilities in the referral system for battered women. Furthermore, intensive media seminars on protecting women with disabilities have been held.\n405.The National Strategy to Combat Violence against Women (2011–2019) contains special provisions on women with disabilities, including the need to develop the capacities of specialist staff working with battered women with disabilities and create safe places where female victims of violence can be accommodated in a manner consistent with human rights standards. The Strategy further seeks to raise informed awareness of disability, particularly intellectual disability in order to understand and combat violence directed against women with disabilities. Between its foundation in 2007 and the end of 2017, the Mehwar Centre for the empowerment and protection of women, attached to the Ministry of Social Development, admitted 13 battered women with disabilities, as follows: six women with motor disabilities, four with mental disabilities, one with visual disabilities and two with hearing and speech disabilities.\n406.Women with disabilities face a number of barriers to entering the job market, including gender-based difficulties relating to social attitudes, customs and traditions, low wages, lack of equal opportunity, the high rate of unemployment among women and low level of female participation.\n407.An agreement of cooperation on reducing gender-based violence was worked out by the Ministry of Social Development and the Women’s Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling. Covering the years 2015 and 2016, the agreement sought to develop procedures for dealing with battered women, including those with disabilities. Implementation of the agreement was monitored by the Ministry but the scheme failed for a number of reasons.\n408.Several private sector organizations are active in raising the awareness of society as a whole of the rights of women with disabilities and empowering them economically. These include Stars of Hope in the West Bank and Al-Amal School for the Deaf in the Gaza Strip.However, the State of Palestine still faces social and cultural challenges to the employment with women with disabilities.\nArticle 7: Children with disabilities\n409.The State of Palestine acceded to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) and submitted its initial report to the Committee in 2018.\n410.The Children Act (amended) accords particular attention to children with disabilities and several articles contain measures designed to ensure that children with disabilities enjoy all the rights stated in the Act. Article 8 states that all children must enjoy all rights on a basis of equality. The Act exempts prosthetic, rehabilitative and assistive devices, as well as means of transportation for the use of children with disabilities, from fees. It also affirms the right of children with disabilities to receive education and training in the same schools and centres as able-bodied pupils. In cases of severe disability, special centres must be provided.\n411.As regards early childhood education, the Cabinet issued Regulation No. 11 (2011), on nurseries, requiring nurseries to admit children with mild and moderate disabilities, give them the opportunity to integrate with other children and provide the necessary facilities for this purpose. The Regulation also requires that staff working with children with disabilities or with autism receive appropriate training. Several licensed nurseries have been adapted for children with disabilities, such as the Caritas nursery and crèche in the West Bank. To ensure a decent standard of living for all children, the Children Act affirms the need for children with disabilities to receive social assistance.\n412.The Ministry of Social Development is responsible for coordinating with bodies that provide care and rehabilitation for children with disabilities. As such, it coordinates with the Ministry of Health to conduct diagnoses and provide home delivery of essential services. These include raising family awareness of how to deal with children with disabilities, counselling and providing information on available services and the procedure for transferring children to special disability centres. Services are also provided outside the home in centres run by the Ministry of Social Development and NGOs under contract to the Ministry to provide care and rehabilitation for children with disabilities.\n413.The Ministry of Social Development intervenes in cases of severe disability, providing sheltered accommodation for children at the Dar al-Bayda Centre in Salfit. It also purchases this service from the Orthodox shelter and Al-Ihsan Charity in the West Bank.\n414.The service purchase scheme remains inactive in the Gaza Strip, where NGOs work with children with disabilities and provide them with such services as they can. These include Al-Fajr Association for Care and Development, which seeks to integrate children with mild intellectual disabilities, mild autism and speech disorders in the community.\n415.Through networking and partnerships between one another, Palestinian ministries seek to provide children with disabilities with the services stipulated in law under the aforementioned disability card programme. This programme, however, remains largely dormant in the Gaza Strip.\n416.The Children Act stresses the need to take the child’s best interest into account in all decisions concerning his/ her affairs. It affirms that consideration be given to the intellectual, psychological, physical and moral needs of children, including those with disabilities. This is affirmed by article 43 of a legislative decision on the protection of juveniles, which states that a juvenile may be placed in a social care home administered or recognized by the Ministry of Social Development. If the child has a disability, he/ she is to be placed in a suitable rehabilitation centre. A court will determine the place and term of placement. If the child is a victim of violence, neglect or abuse, he/ she will receive the protection of the child protection network headed by the Ministry, as well as of several government organizations and NGOs. These networks operate in accordance with the national Referral and Networking Directory and the best interests of the child are observed in all decisions taken. Children with disabilities are afforded no less protection than others. Child protection counsellors are trained to deal with children with disabilities who have been subjected to violence.\n417.The Ministry of Social Development is concerned with children deprived of a family environment and seeks to provide care for orphans and those who have lost one or both parents. It sought to provide moral and social care by making maintenance payments to these children, orphan families and orphans with disabilities. However, payments ended when the source of funding dried up in 2016. The Ministry is looking for alternative sources of funding for orphans and seeking to cooperate with other organizations. The Yamima organization provides free, long-term care for children with mental disabilities of unknown parentage.\n418.The Ministry of Health provides the full range of mental health services for children with psychological and intellectual disabilities under the National Strategy for Psychological Health (2015–2019), which seeks to develop a comprehensive community psychological health system. Two community psychological health centres for children and adolescents have been set up under the Strategy in Hebron and Nablus. Furthermore, mental health services have been incorporated within the primary health care system.\n419.The Ministry of Health provides physiotherapy under the health insurance system and service purchase policy. It does not, however, provide assistive devices or appliances for children with physical disabilities, which are supplied by the Ministry of Social Development, as explained above.\n420.Impediments to the exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities consist of budget shortages, lack of trained specialist staff to work with such persons and lack of adequate modifications in several Ministry of Health centres.\n421.Children with disabilities in conflict with the law are subject to the same investigative procedures, protection and guarantees as other children, including medical and psychological examination and treatment appropriate to a juvenile. Certain parts of Juvenile Prosecution Service buildings are set aside for children with disabilities. The Service is particularly concerned with children with disabilities who are victims of violence or in conflict with the law. If, in a case before the Service, a child is unable to attend to give testimony during the initial investigation stage, due to disability or illness, the Juvenile Prosecutor will call upon the child to take his/ her statement.\n422.If a juvenile defendant in a lawsuit has a hearing or speech impediment, the Juvenile Prosecution Service will appoint an approved expert to translate the statement delivered by the child in sign language or other means. If this procedure is not observed, the proceedings will be null and void in law. This procedure applies to child witnesses who attend to give testimony in juvenile cases.\n423.If the Juvenile Prosecutor establishes during the initial investigation stage that, when the juvenile committed the crime of which he is accused, he was afflicted by an illness causing impairment of his intellectual faculties, he will hold the child to be incapable of understanding the criminal nature of his action. In this case, the Juvenile Prosecutor will prepare a memorandum to dismiss and submit it to the Public Prosecutor for approval. If the Juvenile Prosecutor establishes the juvenile to be suffering from severe mental disability preventing him from facing trial, he will request the court to have the juvenile placed in a medical institution for as long as is deemed necessary.\n424.The Juvenile Prosecutor makes regular visits to places of detention for children, including children with disabilities. No abuses against children with disabilities were recorded between March 2016 and October 2018. No lawsuits involving juveniles with disabilities were recorded during the same period.\n425.If there is a conflict of interest between a child with disabilities and his/ her legal guardian, the Juvenile Prosecution Service shall assume legal responsibility for all of the child’s affairs, protection and representation pursuant to article 6 (2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure.\n426.As regards the right of the child to express his/ her opinion, the student parliaments formed by the Ministry of Education and Higher Education are a clear reflection of Palestine’s concern for the right of this child in this regard. The first Children’s Council in Palestine was formed on the basis of elections held for this purpose. The Council represents children, reflects their opinions and questions decision-makers on the extent to which the rights of the child are exercised in Palestinian society and the degree of respect accorded these rights. The Council, which operates in partnership with Defence for Children International and with support from Save the Children, has effectively become an advisory council for the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, Ministry of Social Development and the governorates of Bethlehem, Hebron and Ramallah. Membership of the Council includes children with motor disabilities and children with motor and visual disabilities were involved in preparing the report on implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.\n427.In 2016, with support from Save the Children, the Independent Commission for Human Rights launched a children’s complaints scheme, which provides mechanisms for children themselves to submit complaints to the Commission concerning violation of their rights. In 2018, UNRWA provided special education for 540 children with disabilities in community rehabilitation centres, while dedicated NGOs provided a similar service to 320 such children. However, following the decision to cut international support to UNRWA, the Agency reduced the services it provided to child refugees with disabilities.\n428.The UNRWA Rehabilitation Centre for the Visually Impaired provides training, education and recreation for children and adults with visual impairment. Between 2014 and 2015, before the decision to cut international support to UNRWA in 2018, the Centre supported students with disabilities through its integration programme, which helped 300 students in public, private and UNRWA schools.\nIV.Specific obligations\nArticle 31: Statistics and data collection\n429.The work of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics is regulated by the General Statistics Act (2000). In 1996, the Bureau began collecting data on the prevalence of disability nationally on the basis of family surveys (which were not specifically focused on disability) and censuses conducted in 1997 and 2007.\n430.In 2011, in partnership with the Ministry of Social Development, the Bureau carried out the first specialized survey designed to monitor the prevalence of disability, disaggregated by gender and cause of disability from a social perspective, as well as other background characteristics, such as geography and age, and including data on appliances pursuant to type of disability; difficulties faced in carrying out daily activity; popular and social attitudes toward disability; degree of social integration based on ability to use public and private transport; and extent to which the environment is adapted to meet the needs of persons with disabilities. The census results enabled the publication of detailed data on disability. In 2017, the Bureau conducted the General Population, Housing and Establishment Census, which produced statistics on the numbers of persons with disabilities in Palestine disaggregated by degree of disability/ difficulty. The census covered both the West Bank and Gaza Strip.\n431.As an example of the use of research to promote the rights of persons with disabilities, the first strategic goal of the National Strategy for the Development of Official Statistics (2014–2018) calls for increased use of statistics in decision-making. Accordingly, the Ministry of Social Development published a strategic framework for the development and advancement of persons with disabilities based on the 2011 survey data. The lower prevalence of disability in Palestine compared with levels recorded globally is due to Palestinian society’s conception of disability and the way in which the census was conducted.\n432.The second strategic goal of the National Strategy for the Development of Official Statistics calls for promoting partnership between producers and users of the national statistical system, involving persons with disabilities in the process of data collection and research, facilitating user access to the statistical information made available by producers and promoting partnership and mutual assistance to ensure the design of a statistical system that meets the needs of all users.\n433.At the planning and preparation stage prior to conducting the 2011 survey, a national advisory group was formed that included a large number of stakeholders, most of whom were themselves persons with disabilities and representatives of organizations working with disability. A specialized workshop was held at which the advisory group discussed improvements to the survey form to help meet the need for data and indicators with a view to improving services.\nArticle 32: International cooperation\n434.The State of Palestine is anxious to improve avenues of cooperation with regional and international bodies and organizations by enabling staff to take part in conferences and training courses. Palestine receives a level of financial and technical support that allows a range of awareness-raising, rehabilitation and integration programmes to be offered to staff and assistive devices, aids and information technology systems to be provided. In recent years, Palestine has received financial and technical assistance from a number of international bodies and organizations, including a European Union project aimed at building the capacities of the Ministry of Social Development to plan, manage and monitor social services and promote decentralization by devolving greater powers to workers in the field. This project has been implemented in Jerusalem, Hebron and Nablus governorates.\n435.Under the Ministry of Social Development strategy plan, a number of programmes and projects involving cooperation with international organizations have been implemented, including:\nProjects to develop the capacities of workers in the field, including one funded by Save the Children;\nA capacity-building project designed to raise awareness among families of how to deal with autism, funded by the League of Arab States;\nA network-based rehabilitation referral system, developed in cooperation with Handicap International;\nAn agreement with UNICEF to provide project support in the fields of counselling and special education in the Gaza Strip.\n436.The Palestinian Government provides technical and financial support to lawfully constituted charities. Between 2016 and mid-2018, the Government subsidized 151 charities through the service purchase scheme to the amount of US$ 6,650,000 (equivalent to 19,331,850 shekels).\nArticle 33: National implementation and monitoring\nHigher Council for Persons with Disabilities\n437.The Higher Council for Persons with Disabilities was formed pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 3 (2004). The Council is chaired by the Ministry of Social Development and membership consists of a number of government bodies and NGOs. Its function is to monitor exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities and ensure access to the full range of preventive, rehabilitation, protection and welfare services. There is a movement to convert the Council into an autonomous body to enable it to carry out its duties independently of the Ministry of Social Development.\n438.Despite the existence of a clear provision granting it the power to monitor compliance with legislation guaranteeing the rights of persons with disabilities, the Council has not initiated any action of this kind. A monitoring committee was formed but, for reasons relating to the legal position of the Council, took no action.\nIndependent Commission for Human Rights (Board of Grievances)\n439.The Independent Commission for Human Rights (Board of Grievances) was formed pursuant to a presidential decree of 1993 and subsequently confirmed by article 31 of the Basic Law. The Commission operates as an independent national body that seeks to protect and promote human rights by monitoring and documenting abuses, receiving complaints and following them up with official bodies. The Commission adopts a rights-based approach that includes issues relating to the rights of persons with disabilities.\n440.Most of the complaints received by the Commission under its complaints system involve the following:\n(a)Discrimination and unequal service provision on grounds of disability;\n(b)Failure on the part of ministries, authorities, service organizations and disability organizations to deliver services or failure to deliver the appropriate level of service to persons with disabilities;\n(c)Unsuitable working conditions.\n441.To ensure full participation of persons with disabilities in the monitoring and implementation process, the Independent Commission invited the General Union of People with Disabilities to help develop its complaints system to make it more responsive to the rights of persons with disabilities. Furthermore, a bulletin was designed in cooperation with the Bethlehem Arab Society for Rehabilitation to monitor and document abuses of the rights of persons with disabilities. A training manual on the monitoring and documentation of rights abuses is currently being prepared, substantial parts of which will be devoted to monitoring the rights of persons with disabilities and the types of abuse and violation of rights to which they are subjected.\n442.The Social Protection Sector Strategy (2014–2016) sought to develop social services for vulnerable and marginalized groups by promoting decentralized service delivery and adopting local community options. The policy seeks to promote the role of civil society organizations and local and private sector enterprises in the design and delivery of services with a view to creating a mixed market for services that will improve efficiency and ensure access by target groups on the basis of genuine need. The Social Protection Sector Strategy (2017–2022) contains a set of sector-based policies, such as including subjects in the school curriculum that promote equality and fairness and ensuring that improved social and health services are available to all, including persons with disabilities.\n443.A large number of civil society organizations and associations working with disability operate in partnership with government bodies in several areas, including awareness-raising, rehabilitation and the provision of assistive devices and appliances. Furthermore, the Ministry of Social Development has prepared a social services accreditation guide that targets disability and focuses on quality, comparing current service quality with previous quality standards. Under this system, services can only be purchased if they meet the accreditation standards set out in the guide. Service providers must meet all conditions.\n444.At the end of 2015, there were 1,005 associations and organizations registered with the Ministry of Interior in Gaza, including 30 working on disability issues.\n445.Numerous NGOs monitor exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities. These include the Qader Organization in Bethlehem and Palestinian Consultative Staff for NGO Development, whose scope of activity extends throughout Palestine.These organizations labour to document violations against persons with disabilities committed by Israel, the occupying power.\n446.Civil society organizations took part in formulating the above-mentioned strategic framework for the disability sector.Furthermore, several NGOs operate a service purchase scheme under which the Ministry of Social Development and Ministry of Health purchase accommodation services and assistive devices for persons with disabilities.\n447.The Health Sector Review Report identified 52 rehabilitation centres in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.The UNRWA directory of organizations working with disability lists 84 organizations in the West Bank and four non-governmental rehabilitation hospitals in the West Bank and Gaza.The Government benefits from the expertise and specialist skills of NGOs and civil society organizations.\n448.Some 23 service purchase agreements have been signed with centres and associations across the country to care for 755 persons with disabilities and four home service purchase agreements have been signed for persons with disabilities.Furthermore, the Ministry provides assistance in cash and in kind for persons with disabilities and the beneficiaries of Ministry programmes such as the cash assistance programme and DEEP project.\n449.An agreement has been signed with Islamic Relief Gaza to implement psychosocial support programmes and furnish counselling rooms; a memorandum of understanding on inclusive education has been signed with the Palestinian Medical Relief Society; an agreement has been concluded with the Centre for Mind-Body Medicine to implement the “Hope and Cure” programme for 400 students in east Gaza; and an agreement has been signed with the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme to train counsellors and furnish counselling units.\nالشكل التالي للتوضيح:","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1507302"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.959378182888031,"wiki_prob":0.959378182888031,"text":"Bill to promote Mahatma Gandhi's legacy introduced in US House of Representatives\nThe bill seeks a budgetary allocation of USD 30 million every year for the next five years to the USAID for this foundation.\nPublished: 21st December 2019 10:34 AM | Last Updated: 21st December 2019 10:34 AM | A+A A-\nMahatma Gandhi. (File Photo)\nBy PTI\nWASHINGTON: America's legendary civil rights leader Congressman John Lewis has introduced a bill in the House of Representatives to promote the legacy of Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr and sought a budgetary allocation of USD 150 million for the next five years.\nIntroduced to mark the 150th birth anniversary of Gandhi, the House Bill (HR 5517) affirms the friendship between the two largest democracies of the world and honours the legacy and contributions of Mahatma Gandhi and Dr Martin Luther King.\nAmong other things, the Bill proposes establishing a Gandhi-King Development Foundation, which will be created by the USAID under the Indian laws. The bill seeks a budgetary allocation of USD 30 million every year for the next five years to the USAID for this foundation.\nThis foundation would have a governing council convened by governments of the United States and India and would oversee grants to NGOs in the areas of health, pollution and climate change, education and women empowerment, the bill says.\nIt is being co-sponsored by six other Democratic lawmakers, three of whom are Indian Americans -- Dr Ami Bera, Ro Khanna and Pramila Jayapal. Three other Congressmen are Brenda Lawrence, Brad Sherman and James McGovern.\nThe bill proposes the establishment of a Gandhi-King Scholarly Exchange Initiative with an allocation of USD 2 million for the next five years till 2025. It will comprise an annual educational forum for scholars from India and the US held alternately in the two countries.\nThe conference will focus on the study of the works and philosophies of Gandhi and King and visits to historical sites. It also seeks to establish a Gandhi-King global academy, which would be a professional development training initiative on conflict resolution.\nThe bill proposes an allocation of USD 2 million for each fiscal year from 2020 through 2025, implemented through the United States Institute of Peace (USIP). Welcoming the introduction of the bill, India's Ambassador to the US Harsh Vardhan Shringla said it \"reinforces the close cultural and ideological bonds\" between India and the US.\nNoting that Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr were dedicated leaders fighting for social justice and social change, peace, and civil rights, the bill says that the use of non-violent civil disobedience is a shared tactic that has played a key role in defeating social injustice in India, the United States and other parts of the world.\nObserving that Dr King's effective use of Gandhi's principles was instrumental to the American civil rights movement, the bill says that there is a long history of civil and social rights movements in the United States and in India.\nThis bill, which has the support of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, is being considered as a significant landmark initiative by the United States Congress to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.\nThere are two other resolutions on Gandhi pending in the Congress -- one by Senators Bob Menendez and Ted Cruz in the Senate and other by several other lawmakers led by Congressman Raja Kishnamoorthi in the House of Representatives.\nSent to the House Foreign Affairs Committee for necessary action, the bill christened \"Gandhi-King Scholarly Exchange Initiative Act'\" says the people of the United States and India have a long history of friendship and the world will benefit from a stronger United States-India partnership.\nMahatma Gandhi never visited the US. But Martin Luther King travelled to India, which he described as a pilgrimage. In February 1959, Dr King and his wife Coretta Scott King travelled throughout India.\nBy the end of his month-long visit, Dr King said, \"I am more convinced than ever before that the method of non-violent resistance is the most potent weapon available to oppressed people in their struggle for justice and human dignity.\"\nFifty years after Dr King's visit, All India Radio discovered a taped message by Dr King that emphasised the intellectual harmony between messages of Dr King and Gandhi on non-violent social action.\n\"Mohandas Gandhi, who employed the principle of satyagraha or fighting with peace, has come to represent the moral force inspiring many civil and social rights movement around the world,\" the bill says.\nHouse of Representatives USAID Mahatma Gandhi Martin Luther King Jr John Lewis","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line651284"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5905137062072754,"wiki_prob":0.5905137062072754,"text":"U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson meets with the Emir of Qatar, His Highness Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani, at the Sea Palace in Doha, Qatar on July 11, 2017. [State Department photo/ Public Domain]\n1 Social Issues World News\nOnly 27% Of Americans See Qatar As ‘US Friend Or Ally’ – Survey\nAugust 6, 2017 Arab News 0 Comments\nBy Arab News\nBy Ben Flanagan\nJust 27 percent of Americans consider Qatar a friend or ally to the US, while many associate Doha with accusations of terror financing, an Arab News/YouGov poll has found.\nThe survey of 2,263 US citizens, conducted in July, also found that 31 percent of Americans consider Qatar to be unfriendly toward or an enemy of their country, while 43 percent either do not know or are unsure about how to classify the relationship with Doha.\nThe Arab News/YouGov poll on how the US views the Qatar crisis was carried out to mark the 60 days since the start of the diplomatic rift between Doha and its Arab neighbors Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Egypt and Bahrain.\nIt found that 71 percent of Americans are aware, to various extents, of the diplomatic row. It also found that those who are aware have a good understanding of the reasons behind the crisis, with 67 percent correctly identifying that Qatar had been accused of supporting terror groups and meddling with the internal affairs of regional countries.\n“Two months into the crisis, and given the US government’s keenness to mediate, it was important to gauge the sentiment of the American people with regard to this issue,” said Faisal J. Abbas, editor in chief of Arab News.\nStephan Shakespeare, CEO of YouGov — the globally renowned online polling company — noted that the American public “is not usually characterized by its high interest in foreign affairs, rather the opposite. However, this latest poll shows the current tensions between Qatar and its neighbors is gaining some significant attention.”\nThe poll also sought to measure public opinion regarding the US military base in Qatar. The Al-Udeid air base currently hosts more than 11,000 American soldiers. However, 49 percent of Americans say they are unsure if it is best for the base to remain there, while 20 percent thought that it should be moved somewhere else. Only 31 percent said the base should remain in Qatar.\nThe study also revealed several findings regarding the Qatar-owned Al Jazeera news network. At one point during the crisis the Anti-Terror Quartet (ATQ) — Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain and Egypt — called for a shutdown of the network over its editorial guidelines, which allegedly permitted terror-related content.\nAccording to the Arab News/YouGov poll, more than six in 10 Americans are aware of Al Jazeera — but many of those have negative perceptions of it. Half believe that Al Jazeera has a negative influence on the US image abroad. A majority of those with an opinion on the matter also believe the network gives a platform to terror groups linked to Osama bin Laden — with 44 percent agreeing with that statement, and only 18 percent saying the opposite. The rest of the US respondents — 38 percent — were unsure.\nWhen asked about their general perceptions of Qatar, the poll found that 50 percent did not have enough information.\nOf those who did, the greatest proportion of US citizens — 34 percent — associate Qatar with accusations of terror financing, compared to just 16 percent who cited the Gulf state’s controversial hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.\n• For full report and related articles please visit : YouGov Qatar Poll\n← Possible Explanation For Dominance Of Matter Over Antimatter In Universe\nThe Hard Truth About Qatar’s ‘Soft Power’ Failure – OpEd →\nArab News is Saudi Arabia's first English-language newspaper. It was founded in 1975 by Hisham and Mohammed Ali Hafiz. Today, it is one of 29 publications produced by Saudi Research & Publishing Company (SRPC), a subsidiary of Saudi Research & Marketing Group (SRMG).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1085220"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9703760743141174,"wiki_prob":0.9703760743141174,"text":"Florida Man Enters a High School with a Weapon to 'Test School Security'\nA Florida man was arrested after he entered into a high school with a pocket knife attempting to test the school's security measures.\nBy Sherelle Black\nDerek Marlowe, 51, entered Spruce Creek High School in Port Orange, Florida with a pocket knife on his waist to see how far he could go without being stopped by security officials.\nMarlowe made his way through the faculty entrance and into a classroom where he sat down.\nIt was then that a teacher alerted authorities through an emergency button in the classroom, reported CBS Miami.\n“It’s shocking to know that someone could just walk on your campus without permission or consent,” said Laron Killins, a student at the school, told CBS Miami.\n“I can’t believe that someone like that got on to campus and even got into a classroom, that’s not very safe, so I’m concerned now cause it’s the first I’ve heard of it,” said Robert Chalker, a parent, to the outlet.\nPolice did report that Marlowe was intoxicated and that he said, “He did the deputy a favor and tested the school’s security.”\n“I think they should have more security. I think there should be security at each side of every door, just for the safety of our children,” said Chalker.\nMarlowe is facing several charges following the incident.\nSherelle Black is a Content Editor for the Infrastructure Solutions Group at 1105 Media.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line824389"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8836266398429871,"wiki_prob":0.8836266398429871,"text":"Kia Sportage Sale Hit 5 Million Globally\nMilestone figure achieved during Sportage’s 25th anniversary\nSportage first introduced the idea of the ‘urban SUV’ to consumers in 1991\nKia’s bestselling model for two consecutive years in 2016 and 2017\nCurrent-generation Sportage reaches a million sales 29 months after launch\nLaunched in 1993, and spanning four generations since, the Kia Sportage has achieved this milestone on the year of its 25th anniversary. The latest model, launched in 2016, is more popular than ever, with average global sales of 38,000 units per month in 2017.\n“We are extremely proud to have achieved this milestone production figure for our global best-seller. The continued and accelerating popularity of the Sportage demonstrates the breadth of the car’s abilities and the strength of its appeal to buyers in markets all around the world,” said Ho Sung Song, Executive Vice President of Global Operations Divison, “Since 1993, the Sportage has become a benchmark car in the compact SUV segment, and its success has also led to the creation of a diverse and comprehensive range of SUVs and crossovers from Kia – with other new models to follow in future.”\nIn 2016 and 2017, the Sportage surpassed the B-segment Rio as the brand’s global best-selling model. Strong sales of the Sportage in January and February 2018 – 36,632 and 32,930 units respectively – contributed to the model’s production landmark.\nThe Sportage made its first appearance at the 1991 Tokyo Motor Show, introducing the concept of the ‘Urban SUV’ to consumers for the first time – it set the blueprint for a compact, practical SUV, suitable for use in a variety of environments. This first generation Sportage was an instant hit, recording total lifetime sales of over 500,000 units.\nSales of the second-generation Sportage totalled 1,223,776 units globally after seven years of production. The third-generation model surpassed one million sales in just four years, helping the Sportage reach two million cumulative sales during its sixth year in production.\nThe fourth and current generation Sportage features a bold, progressive design, while offering greater practicality and an array of comfort, convenience and safety technologies. Its engine and transmission line-up also provides enhanced efficiency and performance to address a broad range of customer needs.\nThe Kia Sportage has historically been acknowledged for the strength of its design, having been awarded ‘iF Design’ and ‘red dot’ design prizes in both its third and fourth generations. Furthermore, the vehicle achieved the highest safety rating from the USA’s Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) in 2017.\nMore popular than ever, the one-millionth fourth-generation Sportage was sold in January, after just 29 months on-sale.\nBook a Test Drive Enquire Now","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1279239"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9260382056236267,"wiki_prob":0.9260382056236267,"text":"Category Archives: Tigerair\nTigerair’s quarterly loss widens to $143.3 million, Singapore Airlines jumps in and takes a majority 55% stake, will sublease 12 A320s to IndiGo\nTiger Airways Holdings Limited (Tigerair) (Singapore) has reported an operating loss of S$25.3 million ($19.8 million US) for the quarter ended September 30, 2014 (Fiscal Second Quarter), compared to an operating loss of S$12.8 million ($10.0 million US) recorded in the previous corresponding quarter last year\nTigerair Singapore recorded an operating loss of S$31.3 million ($24.5 million US) for the quarter compared to S$18.1 million $14.2 million US) a year ago. Revenue decreased by 4.9% to S$143.9 million ($113 million US) on the back of a rationalization of Tigerair Singapore’s network. The resulting improvement in load factor (+4 percentage point), was nevertheless offset by lower yields (-10.4%). Expenses increased by 3.4% to $175.2 million on higher unit cost (+3.1%).\nThe Group recorded loss after tax of S$182.4 million ($143.3 million US) in the Fiscal Second Quarter, compared to profit after tax of S$23.8 million $18.7 million US) a year ago. In total, the Group recorded one-off accounting provisions aggregating S$161.1 million in 2QFY15, mainly comprising S$99.3 million $126.6 million US) relating to the sublease of surplus aircraft and S$59.8 million ($46.9 million) for the divestment of Tigerair Australia.\nAccording to the airline, “Tigerair’s largest shareholder, Singapore Airlines Limited (Singapore), has undertaken to subscribe for its pro rata entitlement, and also subscribe for excess Rights Shares, up to a total of S$140 million. Prior to the Rights Issue, SIA will convert its perpetual convertible capital securities (PCCS) holdings into Shares. The conversion will raise SIA’s stake in Tigerair from 40% to approximately 55% before the Rights Issue, effectively making Tigerair a subsidiary of SIA. SIA will not be making a general offer as Tigerair’s minority shareholders had approved a whitewash resolution in March 2013 to waive their rights to receive a general offer as a result of the PCCS conversion.”\nIn other news, Tiger Airways Holdings group (Tigerair) has reached an agreement with InterGlobe Aviation Limited (IndiGo) relating to the subleasing of 12 of Tigerair’s surplus aircraft by the Indian budget carrier. This sublease arrangement enables the Group to reduce excess capacity significantly and hence lower related leasing cost.\nMost of these aircraft were previously operated by Tigerair Philippines and Tigerair Mandala, and had been returned to the Group upon its divestment of Tigerair Philippines in March 2014 and Tigerair Mandala’s cessation of operations in July 2014.\nThese 12 aircraft will be progressively delivered to IndiGo over a period of six months commencing in October 2014. Each aircraft will be subleased for between three and four years. With the lease of one of the 12 aircraft expiring in 2018, only 11 of the aircraft will be returned to the Group at the end of their respective sublease periods. Following their return, seven of the 11 aircraft are expected to re-join the operating fleet, while the remaining four may be progressively re-introduced back to the service network within two years.\nCopyright Photo: Michael B. Ing/AirlinersGallery.com. Airbus A320-232 9V-TRI (msn 5596) of Tigerair (Singapore) arrives in Bangkok.\nTigerair (Singapore):\nTigerair (Singapore) Aircraft Slide Show:\nThis entry was posted in Singapore Airlines, Tigerair, Tigerair (Singapore) and tagged 5596, 9V-TRI, A320, A320-200, A320-232, Airbus, Airbus A320, Airbus A320-200, Bangkok, BKK, Singapore Airlines, Singapore Airlines Limited, Tiger Airways, Tigerair, Tigerair (Singapore) on October 17, 2014 by Bruce Drum.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line158559"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8789320588111877,"wiki_prob":0.8789320588111877,"text":"Why the Mystics Didn’t Host a Championship Parade\nWNBA players often have to play overseas during their league’s off-season in order to make an adequate living.\nby Kelyn Soong October 17th, 2019 August 28th, 2020\nNatasha Cloud Credit: Darrow Montgomery\nOne day after winning the WNBA championship, a bleary-eyed Emma Meesseman stood on the court at the Entertainment and Sports Arena in Ward 8 and thought about how she needed to pack.\nMeesseman, the WNBA Finals MVP, had to board a flight back to her native Belgium the next day. She would then have a week or two to catch up with family and friends before going off to Russia where she competes for UMMC Ekaterinburg, a professional women’s basketball team she has played on since 2016.\n“I’m used to it,” Meesseman says. “I’ve been doing it for a couple of years already. We’ve had several championships in Russia we just don’t celebrate because everybody goes home ’cause we have a flight in the night. It’s kinda sad, but I’m used to it.”\nThis is the life of a WNBA player. The Mystics won their first championship in franchise history on Oct. 10, rallying from a halftime deficit to beat the Connecticut Sun, 89-78, in front of a sold-out crowd at home during a decisive Game 5. But instead of sticking around D.C. to have a parade in front of adoring fans, the Mystics returned to their home court on Oct. 11 for a mid-afternoon rally.\nThey didn’t really have a choice. Unlike many male professional athletes, WNBA players often have to play overseas during their league’s off-season in order to make an adequate living. In addition to Meesseman, six other Mystics players on the active roster will be flying to different countries to play for their respective foreign teams in the coming weeks. Natasha Cloud and Aerial Powers are headed to China, Ariel Atkins is playing in Australia, Kim Mestdagh will go to France, Myisha Hines-Allen is competing in South Korea, and Shatori Walker-Kimbrough will fly to Hungary.\n“It’s really hard, and I think a lot of people don’t understand our world,” says Cloud. “We play here for three or four months, possibly pushing that four-and-a-half mark. Then we got to go overseas right away. Their season has already started. When you’re talking about bringing in American players and paying them an amount that you do, teams want you immediately … So a [fall] parade in any sense is not even possible. A parade isn’t [the city] not doing it for us, it’s us not being able to do it for the city. So it sucks.”\nThe Mystics plan to have a parade in the spring before next season and have been engaged in other activities this week. The team traveled up to New York City for an appearance on Good Morning America on Monday and Elena Delle Donne threw out the first pitch at Nationals Park on Tuesday night before the Washington Nationals beat the St. Louis Cardinals, 7-4, in Game 4 of the National League Championship Series to reach the World Series.\nCloud, who took a financial hit last season by staying in D.C. to do promotional work for the team’s Monumental Sports & Entertainment ownership group, doesn’t put any blame on the city, her team, or organizers for the quick celebration turnaround, but calls the situation “disappointing.”\nAccording to the Washington Post, players made a base salary of between $39,000 and $115,000 for the season in 2018, before potential bonuses. Players can make more than 10 times the maximum amount while playing overseas. In 2015, three-time WNBA champion Diana Taurasi accepted a $1.5 million offer from UMMC Ekaterinburg to sit out the WNBA season.\nLast fall, the league’s Players Association voted to opt out of its collective bargaining agreement with the WNBA following the end of this season. The league named Cathy Engelbert as its commissioner in May, and the former Deloitte chief executive will play a pivotal role during labor negotiations. “My team and I are working very hard to bring in potential sponsors who share the same commitment as we do in growing women’s sports and lifting up women more broadly in society,” Engelbert told reporters last month before the WNBA Finals.\nThe league reportedly pays about 20 percent of its total revenue to players, while NBA players get about half of their league’s revenue. WNBA players like Las Vegas Aces guard Kelsey Plum have clarified that players aren’t asking for the same kind of pay as NBA players, but that they want a bigger cut of the league’s revenue, especially because players often need to compete year-round to make ends meet.\n“It’s a toll,” Cloud says. “My body, it just went through a WNBA season in a Game 5 series, Game 4 semis. So I’m a little beat up right now. I’m fighting for two weeks with my [Chinese] team just to kinda sit down and allow my body to reset. But it’s tough. When you’re talking about why we’re fighting for equality and equal pay and opting out of our CBA, this is why, because we put ourselves in a situation that injuries are welcome in a sense. We try to take care of our bodies the best we can, but in order to be financially stable we need to go overseas and play.”\nKristi Toliver is expected to return to her role as an assistant coach with the Wizards this season. Toliver, who has won championships at the University of Maryland and with the Los Angeles Sparks, made only $10,000 last year for her work with the Wizards due to the team’s ownership structure, according to the New York Times. The WNBA had determined that Toliver’s pay needed to come out of the $50,000 WNBA teams are given to pay players for offseason work.\nDetails of her salary this year have not been released.\n“It wasn’t an easy decision,” Toliver told the Times in December. “For me, I looked at the pros and the cons, the pros obviously being I get to rest my body, it being my first time in 10 years of not playing year-round, not going overseas. Obviously there are financial burdens that come with that, but this is also a very exciting opportunity that I want to take advantage of, being home, still being around the game, around the best players in the world, around the best coaches in the world.”\nPowers, a Mystics forward, calls the quick turnaround after the WNBA season “very difficult” and believes WNBA players go overseas purely for financial reasons. She will travel back to Detroit, where she grew up, to see family for a few days before heading off to China to play for the Guangdong Vermilion Birds.\n“All of the reasons are definitely financial,” Powers says. “I don’t think anyone just goes because we like it. It’s all financially, because it’s more beneficial for us.”\nShe envisions a different future for WNBA players—one in which the athletes have more power over their offseason schedules.\nAnd maybe then they’d have time for a championship parade.\n“Hopefully things turn around soon ’cause honestly, I feel like I can speak for everyone when I say if we had a chance to make more money like we make overseas here, most of us would not return overseas,” Powers says. “And if we did, it would be more of our choice. Right now it’s not our choice … It’s something we have to do.”\nLike what you’re reading? Support our journalism and help us make more like it!\nRead more Sports stories\nNicklas Bäckström Is Starting to Find His Rhythm With the Capitals\nThe Wizards Are Having an Identity Crisis\nSidwell Friends Girls’ Basketball Is the Latest Local Team to be Ranked No. 1 in the Nation","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1470591"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7382775545120239,"wiki_prob":0.7382775545120239,"text":"Do I Need Third-Party Phishing Protection for Office 365?\nby Brad | Aug 11, 2018 | Cybersecurity, Office 365, Phishing\nOffice 365’s security features won’t protect users from all cyber security threats.\nMicrosoft’s cloud-based Office 365 user base is growing at a steady rate. Since the office platform first outperformed Google Apps in 2015, it’s seen a constant uptick in activity.\nNow, Microsoft reports it counts its Office 365 users in the hundreds of millions. However, enterprise usage does not always equal enterprise value – particularly when it comes to cybersecurity as it misses out providing office 365 advanced threat protection for users.\nCloud-based technology like Office 365 is more secure than most on-premises solutions within the reach of small to mid-sized businesses. While the cloud platform adds security, there is a gap between the level of security Office 365 users need and the level of security that the natively provides on its own.\nThis is particularly evident when it comes to advanced phishing protection. Cybersecurity professionals know that 91% of cyberattacks use email as a primary threat vector. A small attachment in an otherwise harmless email can be the opening that cybercriminals use to force their way into your entire organization.\nWhile Office 365 offers useful services through its Advanced Threat Protection add-on, users need a comprehensive third-party solution that compensates for some of the structural issues that Microsoft Office 365 faces in the cybersecurity field.\nImproving the Office 365 Security Platform Model\nOne of the main issues with Office 365 is the fact that while it is an all-inclusive office productivity suite, the vast majority of its users don’t use it that way. Fragmented environments where multiple services compete for user time and attention generate disjointed security profiles that cybercriminals are quickly learning how to defeat.\nUnlike other cloud-based productivity services, Microsoft adopts a shared responsibility model. That means that while Microsoft owns the platform and maintains its security framework, the customer is ultimately responsible for the data itself and for using the platform safely.\nThis is a very different approach than, for instance, Google’s cloud services. Whereas a Microsoft Office 365 administrator can turn off security activity logs, Google maintains logs on its customers’ behalf and makes them available through an API. This makes it much easier for cybercriminals to falsify records in Office 365.\nThe fact that Microsoft Office 365 administrator has complete and unchallenged power over the security of the network means that the administrator also has unprecedented responsibilities. If a privileged account falls into the wrong hands, it’s very easy for the infiltrator to cover his or her tracks by deleting those activity logs.\nWhy Office 365 needs additional phishing protection\nHaving established that Office 365 environments tend to be fragmented and that Microsoft doesn’t accept responsibility for security compatibility beyond the Microsoft environment, it’s easy to see where potential vulnerabilities can appear.\nEven though you may have purchased licenses for the entire Office 365 Suite and installed them on every workstation, there is usually a substantial fall-off when it comes to employees using specific processes and applications. According to a Computer World report, many Office enterprise users are only obtaining value from their use of Outlook and the Office mainstays – Word, Excel, and Powerpoint.\nBeyond that, SharePoint accounts for 74% of usage, while Teams scored 49%. Yammer, Planner, Delve, and OneNote also featured usage figures on the lower end of the scale.\nUnder these conditions, it’s easy for email spear-phishing attacks to target the supplemental applications that Microsoft cannot cover. An example of this is reporting to an employee that their password to a competing service needs to be renewed. The link in the email would point to a compromised website and use this lateral opening as a vector for taking over the entire network.\nThird-party phishing protection can do much more than Microsoft Advanced Threat Protection is capable of. Since third-party software can be customized to fit the specific needs of an organization’s productivity platform, additional protections can be built in. These include multi-factor authentication and threat detection algorithms looking for specific weaknesses in the enterprise productivity portfolio.\nOther areas for Office 365 security improvement\nMicrosoft’s built-in cybersecurity tools are admirable, but not perfect. While the company does a good job of protecting against advanced spam and known malware threats, it is markedly less capable of defending against exploits cybersecurity experts call zero-day vulnerabilities.\nIn fact, one of the latest and most damaging malware variants to make waves recently is an Office 365-based zero-day exploit called baseStriker. Cybercriminals took advantage of a flaw in the way Office 365 servers qualify incoming emails to send malicious code through a rarely-used HTML tag that Office 365 doesn’t support or recognize – but that a more secure email server would.\nA zero-day vulnerability is a cyberattack that uses a previously unknown exploit. It is one that the tech industry has had no time to accommodate for by creating patches or implementing safeguards for key programs. Whenever a previously-unknown security vulnerability is exploited, the time between the discovery of the vulnerability and the first attack is zero days.\nThe fragmented security environment that Office 365 offers is not enough to protect against these types of attacks. Microsoft can’t protect you from vulnerabilities it doesn’t know about, and hasn’t established a solid-enough security infrastructure to protect against suspicious behavior.\nThis is true both for zero-day vulnerabilities and for spear phishing emails. The truth is that spear phishing emails still comprise the main strategy of more than 70% of organized cybercrime attack groups as of 2017.\nThis means that the biggest obstacle for most businesses remains social engineering and email phishing. Creating an identity perimeter against initial remote access attempts using multi-factor authentication is just one way that third-party security software can help businesses fight the threat of advanced phishing.\nJoin the thousands of organizations that use Phish Protection\nFind out how easy and effective it is for your organization today.\nHow to Send a Follow-Up Email After No Response?\nIs COVID-19 Germinating More Cyber Attacks?\nCybersecurity Updates For The Week 1 of 2020\nCybersecurity Updates For The Week 52","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1769029"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5054100751876831,"wiki_prob":0.4945899248123169,"text":"UK Public is Invited to Build Sand Mountains with Katie Paterson\nBioplastic buckets in the shape of mountains will be distributed across 25 UK beaches this summer as part of a participatory art project by artist Katie Paterson. First There is a Mountain is a nationwide project by the Fife-based visual artist, centred around the creation of multiple \"sand mountains\" across the UK coastline.\nImage: Sand Mountains, image courtesy to Aberdeen Art Gallery and Museums\nBioplastic buckets in the shape of mountains will be distributed across 25 UK beaches this summer as part of a participatory art project by artist Katie Paterson.\nFirst There is a Mountain is a nationwide project by the Fife-based visual artist, centred around the creation of multiple \"sand mountains\" across the UK coastline.\nThe mountains of sand will be created by the public using five compostable pails that double as scale models of five mountains around the world: Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa), Mount Shasta (USA), Mount Fuji (Asia), Stromboli (Europe), and Uluru (Oceania).\nSand Mountains Project with Katie Paterson\nMade from white bioplastic, the five buckets nest together.\nThe participatory artwork will tour twenty-five high-profile coastal art venues around the UK, which will each stage a sand-pail-building event on their local beach.\n\"The ways in which the public interacts with the artwork at each location is integral to the evolution of the project and its overall experience,\" said the artist.\n\"Participants will sculpt beaches into thousands of mountains of sand to form micro-geologies – serving as a poetic vehicle that connects diverse world mountains.\"\nAt the end of the project, the plastic pails, which are made from fermented plant starch, will be composted back into the ground.\nThe public will be able to track the project's progress through a dedicated website and social media channels.\nThe website will also showcase 25 commissioned texts by contributors such as Brian Dillon (writer and critic), Sophia Kingshill (author and folklorist) and Paul Graham Raven (researcher and futurist theorist).\nEach text has been paired with, and responds to the artwork in each locality, relating to the place, its people, its history and the wider geological context. The texts will be read out at the start of each public event and participants will be encouraged to share their images in real time across Instagram. Images will then be shared on the website.\nThe project is a product of years of planning – matching tide timetables and looking at every single mountain range on earth,\" said Paterson, who carefully selected each mountain through exacting research, using data from NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency.\nAs well as connecting communities, Paterson hopes that the project will raise awareness of the erosion that is happening along the UK's coastline, which is being accelerated due to climate change.\n\"The artwork invites the public to slow down,\" she said. \"To consider the interconnectedness of the world, its immensity conveyed in miniature.\"\n\"By gathering the public to contribute to a land artwork on their own coastline, the project intends to deepen public knowledge of our relationship to the physical world as well as the importance of acting together,\" she added.\nAt a symposium during Dutch Design Week in 2017, sand was highlighted as resource that is currently under threat.\nBritish geologist Michael Welland who was among the speakers, discussed how the rapid depletion of the world's sand reserves could leave supplies of the high-quality sand used in the glass industry exhausted within 20 years.\nFirst There is a Mountain launched on 31 March at Leysdown Beach, Isle of Sheppey and tours the UK until 27 October 2019.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1770138"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9459919333457947,"wiki_prob":0.9459919333457947,"text":"Analysis: Thaw in U.S.-Cuba relations won’t affect baseball right away\nThere will be no immediate flow of top Cuban players into Major League Baseball, at least not freely, despite the major U.S. policy shift toward the communist-run island, experts on baseball in Cuba said on Wednesday. Baseball in Cuba is “unique” because of its strong base of homegrown players, and it’s the only strong domestic league outside of Japan and MLB in the U.S., said author Pete Bjarkman, who has written extensively about Cuban baseball. Alan Nero, managing director of Octagon Baseball, which represents about 200 MLB players, said he did not expect a free flow of players into MLB. “The government controls everything,” he said. “Cuba will not let simply let their players go free. They’ve been selling their talent to other leagues, namely Japan.”\nIt’s a major institution historically and it’s used to build strong national teams to play in big tournaments overseas…it’s important to them and that’s about all they have for entertainment in this poor, Third World country.\nPete Bjarkman, expert on Cuban baseball\nMLB said it “is closely monitoring the White House’s announcement” and added “there are not sufficient details to make a realistic evaluation.” The top Cuban prospects MLB clubs would like to sign are switch-hitting middle infielder Yoan Moncada, 19, and right-handed pitcher Yoan Lopez, 21. Current Cuban stars in Major League Baseball include sluggers Yasiel Puig of the Los Angeles Dodgers and Yoenis Cespedes of the Detroit Tigers and Cincinnati Reds pitcher Aroldis Chapman.\nSports cuba baseball","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1869898"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6956574320793152,"wiki_prob":0.3043425679206848,"text":"Fred N. Wood obituary\nNative Of This Place Crushed Under Hay Load\nFred Wood of Voorheesville, Found In Field\nThe Middleburgh News\nA load of hay without a driver observed by Mrs. Fred N. Wood on Friday at her farm home near Voorheesville, caused her to go in search of her husband who had left the house to work in the fields. She found him on the ground, unconscious and dying. He lived less than fifteen minutes after being discovered.\nSubject to heart attacks, it is believed he fell from the load of hay and that the wheels of the heavy wagon passed over him, crushing his chest. The horses were entering the barn when Mrs. Wood noticed her husband's absence.\nMr. Wood was fifty-six, and a native of Middleburgh. He was widely known in the section as an agent for a fire insurance company. About six years ago he took over the small farm near Voorheesville, but continued his insurance work.\nHe is survived by his wife, a daughter, Marion, a member of this year's graduating class at Delmar High School, his aged mother, Mrs. Ruth Wood and a sister, Mrs. George Rivenburgh, who live in Middleburgh, also a brother, Velmore D. Wood of Scnenectady.\nThis page established February 11, 2006","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line721607"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5061035752296448,"wiki_prob":0.5061035752296448,"text":"Home The Latest Republicans’ False Outrage Won't Distract from War on Women\nRepublicans’ False Outrage Won't Distract from War on Women\nby Ruth Conniff\nAnn Romney \"loved it,\" when Democratic adviser Hilary Rosin said she hadn't worked a day in her life, Mrs. Romney said in comments at a fundraiser overheard by NBC.\nDespite a week spent pumping up false outrage over Ann Romney's injured dignity as a mother of five, maligned by the heartless Rosin's impolitic remark (that Ann Romney never worked a day in her life), the Romney campaign and Republicans viewed the whole thing as a huge political gift.\nStirring up a cat fight between stay-at-home moms and working women is just what Republicans wanted, to try to deflect attention from policies that are so damaging and outright insulting to women they have opened up huge gender gaps between Democratic and Republican candidates all over the country.\nBut the Republicans' phony battle over stay-at-home motherhood is hopelessly outdated, just like their opposition to equal pay protections for women, their push to close down Planned Parenthood clinics across the country, their failed federal effort to let women's bosses decide whether or not to allow birth control coverage, and their infamous state laws that make women seeking abortions submit to intrusive and paternalistic screenings and barriers.\nWomen are not so distracted by the \"mom wars\" that we don't notice who supports policies that make our lives better, and who would like to take away both equal pay and birth control coverage--leaving us completely stuck.\nApparently, the Republicans still haven't noticed that it's not 1963.\nWomen now make up nearly half of the workforce, and 75 percent of women are employed. Like birth control, women in the workplace is a completely normal, culturally accepted part of modern life.\nThe Ann Romneys of the world--women whose husbands are so rich they can drive two Cadillacs, hire multiple nannies, live in multiple homes, all while not having to get a paying job--are a tiny, tiny elite.\nAnn Romney's life is not a reality for the vast majority of mothers. And we know it.\nThe ladies’ lunch vote is just not big enough to make up for the Republicans' massive gender gap.\nMost parents today scramble to cobble together full- or part-time work, and a patchwork of parental leave and child care options in a country that doesn't provide much of either. (Only half of employers offer paid parental leave, and there is still no regulated system of high quality child care in this country).\nThat's why the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, signed by President Obama, and the Family and Medical Leave Act, signed by President Clinton, were such good politics. Although they don't put us anywhere near the rest of the industrialized world in terms of allowing people to hold down their jobs and still do right by their families, they at least gave stressed-out parents some measure of relief.\nThe Republicans, in contrast, continue to argue that the pay gap is entirely a matter of women's \"choice\" to take time out of the workforce to care for children.\nBut that \"choice\" isn't voluntary for most of us.\nWomen pay a hefty price for becoming mothers. Studies, including comprehensive research by the American Academy of University Women, show that, while young, single men and women have relatively equal pay, older women, particularly those who have children, suffer major setbacks to their careers. The fact that family life is privatized in this country--compared with, say, Norway or France, where you can take a year off to care for a child and count on great, full-time child care when you go back to work--hits women the hardest.\nBut Republicans don't care about that.\nThere is no more graphic illustration than Mitt Romney's comments about women on welfare, whom he pushed to get jobs when he was governor of Massachusetts, unearthed this week by Chris Hayes of MSNBC: \"I said for instance that even if you have a child two years of age, you need to go to work . . . I want the individuals to have the dignity of work.\"\nThe double standard could not be clearer. Work is a matter of \"dignity\" for poor women. After all, they are just the help. But not for rich women, whose husbands, like Mitt, can afford to keep them at home.\nThis is not a winning attitude for women as a group.\nThe Republicans don't sympathize with the vast majority of women who work caring for their small children and also have to struggle to support their families at the same time.\nWomen make up slightly less than half the labor force overall, by the way, but are the large majority of workers earning less than $8 an hour.\nIf it's a matter of \"dignity\" for maids and nannies and landscapers to leave their own kids behind as they get up early to come clean and cook and take care of the kids for Ann Romney, the least the Republicans could do is give their employees a fair day's pay, adequate health care, and good child care for their kids.\nDon’t hold your breath.\nIf you liked this article by Ruth Conniff, the political editor of The Progressive, check out her story \"Wisconsinites Start Turning Back School Privatization.\"\nFollow Ruth Conniff\nFollow Ruth Conniff @rconniff on Twitter\nDispatches Labor Republicans Gender Equity\nRuth Conniff\nEditor-at-large for The Progressive magazine, and editor in chief of the Wisconsin Examiner.\nRead more by Ruth Conniff","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line569079"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6210986375808716,"wiki_prob":0.3789013624191284,"text":"Gavin Jacobson\nGavin Jacobson lives in Yangon and writes mainly about intellectual history.\nThere is no more Vendée: The Terror\nGavin Jacobson, 16 March 2017\nHelen Maria Williams​ travelled to France in July 1790 to take part in the Fête de la Fédération that marked the first anniversary of the fall of the Bastille. She described the pageantry at the Champ de Mars as the ‘triumph of humankind; it was man asserting the noblest privilege of his nature; and it required but the common feelings of humanity, to become in that...\nThe Coming of the Terror in the French Revolution\nby Timothy Tackett.\nHelen Maria Williams​ travelled to France in July 1790 to take part in the Fête de la Fédération that marked the first anniversary of the fall of the Bastille. She described...\nShe says nothing: Rohingyas\nGavin Jacobson, 1 December 2016\nAung San Suu Kyi​’s civilian-led government is facing its most serious crisis since coming to office in March 2015. In the small hours of 9 October, as many as five hundred people, armed with knives, slingshots and pistols, launched a series of co-ordinated attacks on police outposts in Rakhine State in the north-west of Myanmar, close to the border with Bangladesh. Nine police...\nThe Rohingyas: Inside Myanmar’s Hidden Genocide\nby Azeem Ibrahim.\nThe Lady and the Generals: Aung San Suu Kyi and Burma’s Struggle for Freedom\nby Peter Popham.\nAung San Suu Kyi​’s civilian-led government is facing its most serious crisis since coming to office in March 2015. In the small hours of 9 October, as many as five hundred people, armed...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1089094"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7405128479003906,"wiki_prob":0.2594871520996094,"text":"15 49.0138 8.38624 both 0 arrow 0 4000 1 0 horizontal https://www.activeprod.net 300 0 1\nReach Out To Me\nOff the Beaten Path in Russia: The Hidden Gems\nRussia is infamous for its freezing winters and its expansive towns. Its massive size ensures that it has lots of scenic views and activities for the average traveler. Russia is home to majestic lakes, iconic cities, mammoth mountains, unique culture, and much more. Beyond the usual trails, the country is dotted with hidden gems waiting... Read More\nWhat To Bring on an Outdoors Adventure\nSome Of The Most Remote Places in the World\nRussia is infamous for its freezing winters and its expansive towns. Its massive size ensures that it has lots of scenic views and activities for the average traveler. Russia is home to majestic lakes, iconic cities, mammoth mountains, unique culture, and much more. Beyond the usual trails, the country is dotted with hidden gems waiting to be discovered.\nHere are Russia’s less-known destinations that are worth exploring.\nValley of Geysers\nI was apprehensive about the Valley of Geyser, but it turned out to be a worthwhile visit. This marvelous valley is located in the Kamchatka Peninsula, but surprisingly it was discovered about 100 years ago. The key attractions are spouting water sources, colorful hot springs, and mud pots. The scenery is fabulous, while bears can be spotted in the valley.\nUnknown to many people, when it comes to the concentration of geysers, the Valley of Geysers is second to Yellowstone Park. The valley can be accessed via a helicopter ride.\nLake Baskunchak\nLocated in Astrakhan Oblast, Lake Baskunchak is often depicted as Russia’s Dead Sea. The lake has a large concentration of salt and is considered as the largest saltwater in the country. The main activities are bathing in the medicinal mud, swimming in saline water, and enjoying the spectacular views.\nThe lake is relatively shallow and even dries out during dry months. It’s also odd that there are no birds, plants, or seaweed in the vicinity of this salt lake.\nThe City of Dead\nOutside Dargavs village lies a gothic necropolis referred to as the City of Dead. This name correctly depicts what this creepy place offers. Inside the over 90 chivalric curved-roof crypts lie well-conserved corpses.\nBesides the historic cemeteries, the scenery is outstanding. The hilly gravel road made driving an epic adventure.\nA must-visit destination in Russia is the city of Volgograd. It’s the site where the most horrific World War 2 battle took place. With each step and each look here, you relive every struggle during this war. However, it’s not an abandoned city, as I had thought. Volgograd has a modern touch since it was re-built from scratch.\nThe top attraction is Mamayev Kurgan, a massive memorial complex. Here the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad are commemorated. Other attractions in this city are the Central Station, Pavlov’s House, and Lake Elton.\nAmong Russia’s cities, Irkutsk is perhaps the most underrated. Many visitors by-pass this destination while traveling on the Trans-Siberian line. The city offers a lot to holiday lovers both in terms of culture and nature. At the heart of Irkutsk is the iconic Spasskaya Church. It houses religious paintings and Siberian iconography.\nIrkutsk is also home to the deepest lake in the world, Lake Baikal. I enjoyed unforgettable fishing experiences in this grandiose lake. More fun can be found in Sandy Bay, Olkhon Island, and the Small Sea.\nOne way of learning Russia’s past is by paying homage to the Mask of Sorrow. This significant Russian monument rests in Magadan, an unforgiving city with permafrost and a harsh climate. The monument is a large concrete face statue with tears oozing from the left eye in the form of little masks.\nThe 15-meter statue commemorates the many prisoners who were tortured and died in Gulag prison camps between 1930 to1950.\nContrary to belief, Russia isn’t a scary destination and is open to vacationers. Like many other countries, Russia too has a vast culture with plenty of fascinating stories and things to learn about.\nWhen you do visit Russia, you might have the urge to carry something back as a way to say to the Russians, “We would really like to have something symbolic to help us preserve your culture in our memories!” It is very likely that you have heard of their famous Matryoshka dolls; when you’re there, you can learn much more about it, and so that can be the thing that you bring back with you as a reminder of your wonderful journey through the country. Of course, there are many, many other wonderful souvenirs as well.\nA trip to Russia can turn into memories that last a lifetime. However, most of the residents advise against engaging in political conversations. I experienced difficulties in communicating since English is not a major language. Russians are also strict about visas and dress codes.\n5 Things You Need To Think About Before Starting A Backpack Adventure\nBreath-taking Skydiving Locations\n10 Bucket-List Worthy Beaches of California\nWelcome to my blog, where I spend my time talking about travel tips and advice I’ve learned through years of rough and tumble adventure. I’m Glyn Blower, born in the UK, raised all across the world. I’ve made this blog to share what I’ve learned from a lifetime of adventuring, be it in the city or out in the wild.\nWhy You May Consider Renting Your Home on AirBnB\nHow to Get Money Back When Your Flight Is Delayed or Cancelled\n7 Essential Tips for Flying Budget Airlines\nHow To Make a Carry-on Packing List","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line610206"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5895800590515137,"wiki_prob":0.5895800590515137,"text":"Hi everyone, thank you for reading my translations. Support me on patreon https://www.patreon.com/TOTV\nKalis’s voice didn’t reach her ears. Because… It was because a strange force was felt from his hand, which Seria had held unintentionally for a long time. It was similar to the divine power in her body, but there was a strange discomfort, as if facing the same pole of a magnet…Come to think of it, how was Kalis alive? At the wedding hall, she foreshadowed a sure death. And she had learned that Stern and Stern’s spouse would have the same ending. Come to think of it, her wedding was a tragedy. She was on the verge of death, and he should have faced the same result. Although Lesche Berg saved her life, it was just only her. Kalis should have died in return for failing to keep the covenant. Or it should cause him to hurt as bad as she did, but no matter where she looked, Kalis seemed unhurt.\nIn deep thought, she slowly realized, “….Kalis”. The place, the time. Everything’s already in place. Kalis was the one who shared the sacred power with Stern, and there was no other Stern in this estate besides Lina. Since she was a God-sent holy woman, she could omit the holy water and the sacred water that was essential for the wedding.\n“Are you married to Lina?”\nBefore Kalis married her, they held a covenant ceremony officiated by the high priest.\nAs a preliminary ritual for Stern’s wedding, he had to immerse both hands in specially prepared holy water to become Stern’s man. The covenant ceremony was like the bathing ritual. They were ready to get married, but that didn’t mean they were tied up to each other right away. The step in which one truly connected with the other person was the official wedding. That was why Lesche was able to marry her immediately after a brief covenant ceremony. Same went for Kalis…He, who had already made a covenant, was also theoretically capable of marrying any Stern. Although usually there were just one or two Sterns on the continent, Lina was also a Stern.\n“You chose to marry Lina… I guess that’s why you were alive. And in much better shape than I am.”\nShe didn’t know what expression she had while looking at Kalis. However, since she was trembling with a sense of betrayal, she might have an awful look on her face.\n“I was vomiting blood and didn’t even think about anyone else but you until I was about to die. But you already had a temporary marriage with Lina to live.”\nWhat has she been waiting for? Who was she waiting for? Seria slowly swept her face with both hands. She slowly swept her hands across her face. Along with the sensation of her frail and fatigued areas being firmly pressed down by the flesh of her hands, she felt a flickering of white. Then it was complete darkness. Immediately after, Kalis’s wavering eyes came clearly into focus.\n“Seria.”\n“I don’t want to waste the time I have already spent liking you, Kalis.”\nKalis’ face was shocked, then he spoke in a pleading tone.\n“Seria, you can be mad at me. But my marriage was a temporary marriage, and you married the Grand Duke temporarily too. Am I wrong?”\n“Let’s divorce—both of us will get divorce and get married again.”\n“I’ll prepare the grandest wedding ever. We can start from the beginning. We have time, so…..”\n“Time?”\nShe glared into Kalis’ swaying eyes.\n“All you need is time?” Even if she has time now, what’s the point of that? Seria wondered.\n“I’ve lost my heart to you, but you need time?”\nShe shook off Kalis’ hand that was still holding her tightly, and left the bedroom barefoot with only slippers. It was something she would never do normally. Seria was a villain, but she was a perfect aristocrat, and she didn’t want to change at once and get suspicious. But at this moment she felt it was useless to keep up with such things. She almost died even though she had been trying to live nicely.\n‘What have I been looking for?’\nKalis chased after her and grabbed her by the wrist. His grasp was too strong to resist.\n“Let go!”\nThen the knights, who were still watching the situation with serious faces at the door, grabbed his arms and clasped them. Kalis, who was caught in an instant, exclaimed in anger.\n“What are you doing right now? Don’t you know who I am? Let go of me right now!”\n“I’m sorry, Marquis.”\nKalis looked at her with both of his arms being held. However, Seria turned and ran down the hall without looking back at him, who was once her fiance.\nChapter 13 Part 1\nTragedy 71","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1081734"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9730892777442932,"wiki_prob":0.9730892777442932,"text":"Lightfoot becomes first out lesbian, black woman elected Chicago mayor\nMayor-elect claims more than 70 percent of the vote\nChicago Mayor-elect Lori Lightfoot (Photo courtesy of the Lightfoot Campaign)\nThe run-off election Tuesday night in Chicago resulted in a historic victory for Lori Lightfoot, who became the first openly lesbian and black woman elected mayor of the city.\nThe Associated Press called the race for Lightfoot, who was running against Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle, at 8 p.m. local time.\nAccording to early results, Lightfoot claimed 74.2 percent of the vote compared to the 25.8 percent won by Preckwinkle.\nLightfoot’s victory will make Chicago the largest city in the United States with an openly gay mayor. Previously, that distinction was held by Houston, where Annise Parker served as mayor from 2010 to 2016.\nParker, who’s now executive director of the Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund, was on the ground in Chicago and commended Lightfood in a statement.\n“A Black lesbian taking power in the nation’s third-largest city is a historic moment for so many communities that are too often ignored in American politics,” Parker said. “Chicago’s enormous influence on the national dialogue provides a platform for Lori to promote more inclusive solutions to the challenges facing our cities and nation – and to be a credible messenger as well. Lori will certainly remain focused on the issues facing Chicago. But as the highest-ranking LGBTQ person ever elected mayor of an American city – a title she takes from me – she is also now a key leader in the movement to build LGBTQ political power nationwide.”\nAlso commending Lightfoot was Democratic National Committee Chair Tom Perez, who said her victory extends the treads of milestone victories after the 2018 election.\n“As the first openly LGBTQ woman of color to be elected mayor in any of America’s 100 largest cities and the first black woman to serve as mayor of Chicago, Lightfoot is an inspiration to thousands of LGBTQ people of color who have a new role model in elected office,” Perez said.\nTwo other lesbian candidates — Satya Rhodes-Conway in Madison, Wisconsin, and Jolie Justus in Kansas City — were running for the offices of mayor elsewhere in the country. Both won their races. Justus will now face Quinton Lucas in the June general election. Rhodes-Conway ousted longtime Mayor Paul Soglin in another landslide to become Madison’s first openly gay mayor.\nBill to ensure US foreign policy promotes LGBTI rights reintroduced\nState Department: Brunei penal code ‘runs counter to’ international human rights obligations\nTop 10 Blade news stories by web traffic\nCOVID breakthroughs, Equality Act, and anti-trans attacks\nElliot Page created excitement by posting his first photo in swim trunks back in May.\nEach year our staff gathers in late December to review the highest trafficked stories of the year and there’s more than a little bit of competitive spirit as we review the results. Here are the top 10 stories by web traffic at HYPERLINK “http://washingtonblade.com”washingtonblade.com for 2021.\n#10: Mark Glaze, gun reform advocate, dies at 51\nThe sad, tragic story of Glaze’s death captivated readers in November.\n#9: COVID breakthrough infections strike summer tourists visiting Provincetown\nThis one went viral in July after a COVID outbreak was blamed on gay tourists.\n#8: Thank you, Kordell Stewart, for thoughtful response to ‘the rumor’\nThis opinion piece thanked the former NFL quarterback for writing a personal essay addressing gay rumors.\n#7: Elliot Page tweets; trans bb’s first swim trunks #transjoy #transisbeautiful\nThe actor created excitement by posting his first photo in swim trunks back in May.\n#6: Romney declares opposition to LGBTQ Equality Act\nMitt Romney disappointed activists with his announcement; the Equality Act passed the House but never saw a vote in the Senate.\n#5: White House warns state legislatures that passing anti-trans bills is illegal\nThe year 2021 saw a disturbing trend of GOP-led legislatures attacking trans people.\n#4: Lincoln Project’s avowed ignorance of Weaver texts undercut by leaked communications\nThe Lincoln Project’s leaders, amid a scandal of co-founder John Weaver soliciting sexual favors from young men, have asserted they were unaware of his indiscretions until the Blade obtained electronic communications that called that claim into question.\n#3: FOX 5’s McCoy suspended over offensive Tweet\nBlake McCoy tweeted that obese people shouldn’t get priority for the COVID vaccine.\n#2: Transgender USAF veteran trapped in Taliban takeover of Kabul\nAmong the Americans trapped in the suburban areas of Kabul under Taliban control was a transgender government contractor for the U.S. State Department and former U.S. Air Force Sergeant. She was later safely evacuated.\n#1: Amid coup chaos, Trump quietly erases LGBTQ protections in adoption, health services\nAnd our most popular story of 2021 was about the Trump administration nixing regulations barring federal grantees in the Department of Health & Human Services from discriminating against LGBTQ people, including in adoption services.\nCDC still falling short on LGBTQ data collection for COVID patients: expert\nThe CDC is still not issuing guidance to states on LGBTQ data collection among COVID patients.\nDespite requests since the start of the COVID pandemic for the U.S. government to enhance data collection for patients who are LGBTQ, the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention is still falling short on issuing nationwide guidance to states on the issue, a leading expert health on the issue told the Blade.\nWith a renewed focus on COVID infections reaching new heights just before the start of the holidays amid the emergence of Omicron, the absence of any LGBTQ data collection — now across both the Trump and Biden administrations — remains a sore point for health experts who say that information could be used for public outreach.\nSean Cahill, director of Health Policy Research at the Boston-based Fenway Institute, said Wednesday major federal entities and hospitals have been collecting data on whether patients identify as LGBTQ for years — such as the National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, which has been collecting sexual orientation data since the 1990s — but the CDC hasn’t duplicated that effort for COVID even though the pandemic has been underway for two years.\n“It’s not like this is a new idea,” Cahill said. “But for some reason, the pandemic hit, and all of a sudden, we realize how little systematic data we were collecting in our health system. And it’s a real problem because we’re two years into the pandemic almost, and we still don’t know how it’s affecting this vulnerable population that experiences health disparities in other areas.”\nThe Blade was among the first outlets to report on the lack of efforts by the states to collect data on whether a COVID patient identifies as LGBTQ, reporting in April 2020 on the absence of data even in places with influential LGBTQ communities. The CDC hasn’t responded to the Blade’s requests for nearly two years on why it doesn’t instruct states to collect this data, nor did it respond this week to a request for comment on this article.\nCahill, who has published articles in the American Journal of Public Health on the importance of LGBTQ data collection and reporting in COVID-19 testing, care, and vaccination — said he’s been making the case to the CDC to issue guidance to states on whether COVID patients identify as LGBTQ since June 2020.\nAmong those efforts, he said, were to include two comments he delivered to the Biden COVID-19 Health Equity Task Force in spring 2021, a letter a coalition of groups sent to the Association of State & Territorial Health Officers asking for states to collect and report SOGI in COVID in December 2020 as well as letters to HHS leadership and congressional leadership in spring and summer 2020 asking for them to take steps to encourage or require SOGI data collection in COVID.\nAsked what CDC officials had to say in response when he brought this issue to their attention, Cahill said, “They listen, but they don’t really tell me anything.”\n“We’ve been making that case, and to date, as of December 22, 2021, they have not issued guidance, they have not changed the case report form. I hope that they’re in the process of doing that, and maybe we’ll be pleasantly surprised in January, and they’ll come up with something…I really hope that’s true, but right now they’re not doing anything to promote SOGI data collection and reporting in surveillance data.”\nCahill, in an email to the Blade after the initial publication of this article, clarified CDC has indicated guidance on LGBTQ data collection for COVID patients may come in the near future.\n“HHS leaders told us this fall that CDC is working on an initiative to expand SOGI data collection,” Cahill said. “We are hopeful that we will see guidance early in 2022. Key people at CDC, including Director Walensky, understand the importance of SOGI data collection given their long history of working on HIV prevention.”\nIn other issues related to LGBTQ data collection, there has been a history of states resisting federal mandates. The Trump administration, for example, rescinded guidance calling on states to collect information on whether foster youth identified as LGBTQ after complaints from states on the Obama-era process, much to the consternation of LGBTQ advocates who said the data was helpful.\nThe White House COVID-19 Health Equity Task Force has at least recognized the potential for enhancing LGBTQ data collection efforts. Last month, it published an implementation plan, calling for “an equity-centered approach to data collection, including sufficient funding to collect data for groups that are often left out of data collection (e.g….LGBTQIA+ people).”\nThe plan also calls for “fund[ing] activities to improve data collection…including tracking COVID-19 related outcomes for people of color and other underserved populations,” and specifically calls for the collection of LGBTQ data.\nThe importance of collecting LGBTQ data, Cahill said, is based on its potential use in public outreach, including efforts to recognize disparities in health population and to create messaging for outreach, including for populations that may be reluctant to take the vaccine.\n“If we see a disparity, we can say: Why is that?” Cahill said. “We could do focus groups of the population — try to understand and then what kind of messages would reassure you and make you feel comfortable getting a vaccine, and we could push those messages out through public education campaigns led by state local health departments led by the federal government.”\nThe LGBTQ data, Cahill said, could be broken down further to determine if racial and ethnic disparities exist within the LGBTQ population, or whether LGBTQ people are likely to suffer from the disease in certain regions, such as the South.\n“We have data showing that lesbian or bisexual women, and transgender people are less likely to be in preventive regular routine care for their health,” Cahill said. “And so if that’s true, there’s a good chance that they’re less likely to know where to get a vaccine, to have a medical professional they trust to talk to about it today.”\nAmong the leaders who are supportive, Cahill said, is Rachel Levine, assistant secretary for health and the first openly transgender person confirmed by the U.S. Senate for a presidential appointment. Cahill said he raised the issue with her along with other officials at the Department of Health & Human Services three times in the last year.\nIn her previous role as Pennsylvania secretary of health, Levine led the way and made her state the first in the nation to set up an LGBTQ data collection system for COVID patients.\n“So she definitely gets it, and I know she’s supportive of it, but we really need the CDC to act,” Cahill said.\nAlthough the federal government has remained intransigent in taking action, Cahill said the situation has improved among states and counted five states — California, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Nevada and Oregon — in addition to D.C. as among those that have elected to collect data on sexual orientation and gender identity of COVID patients.\nHowever, Cahill said even those data collection efforts are falling short because those jurisdictions have merely been public about collecting the data, but haven’t reported back anything yet.\n“Only California has reported data publicly, and the data that they’re reporting is really just the completeness of the data,” Cahill said. “They’re not reporting the data itself…And they’re also just asking people who tests positive. So, if somebody says positive COVID in California, a contact tracer follows up with that individual and asks them a battery of questions, and among the questions that are asked are SOGI questions.”\nAs a result of these efforts, Cahill said, California has data on the LGBTQ status of COVID patients, but the data is overwhelmingly more complete for the gender identity of these patients rather than their sexual orientation. As of May 2021, California reported that they had sexual orientation data for 9.5 percent of individuals who had died from COVID and 16 percent of people who tested positive, but for gender identity, the data were 99.5 percent.\nEquality Act, contorted as a danger by anti-LGBTQ forces, is all but dead\nNo political willpower to force vote or reach a compromise\nDespite having President Biden in the White House and Democratic majorities in both chambers of Congress, efforts to update federal civil rights laws to strengthen the prohibition on discrimination against LGBTQ people by passing the Equality Act are all but dead as opponents of the measure have contorted it beyond recognition.\nPolitical willpower is lacking to find a compromise that would be acceptable to enough Republican senators to end a filibuster on the bill — a tall order in any event — nor is there the willpower to force a vote on the Equality Act as opponents stoke fears about transgender kids in sports and not even unanimity in the Democratic caucus in favor of the bill is present, stakeholders who spoke to the Blade on condition of anonymity said.\nIn fact, there are no imminent plans to hold a vote on the legislation even though Pride month is days away, which would be an opportune time for Congress to demonstrate solidarity with the LGBTQ community by holding a vote on the legislation.\nIf the Equality Act were to come up for a Senate vote in the next month, it would not have the support to pass. Continued assurances that bipartisan talks are continuing on the legislation have yielded no evidence of additional support, let alone the 10 Republicans needed to end a filibuster.\n“I haven’t really heard an update either way, which is usually not good,” one Democratic insider said. “My understanding is that our side was entrenched in a no-compromise mindset and with [Sen. Joe] Manchin saying he didn’t like the bill, it doomed it this Congress. And the bullying of hundreds of trans athletes derailed our message and our arguments of why it was broadly needed.”\nThe only thing keeping the final nail from being hammered into the Equality Act’s coffin is the unwillingness of its supporters to admit defeat. Other stakeholders who spoke to the Blade continued to assert bipartisan talks are ongoing, strongly pushing back on any conclusion the legislation is dead.\nAlphonso David, president of the Human Rights Campaign, said the Equality Act is “alive and well,” citing widespread public support he said includes “the majority of Democrats, Republicans and independents and a growing number of communities across the country engaging and mobilizing every day in support of the legislation.”\n“They understand the urgent need to pass this bill and stand up for LGBTQ people across our country,” David added. “As we engage with elected officials, we have confidence that Congress will listen to the voices of their constituents and continue fighting for the Equality Act through the lengthy legislative process. We will also continue our unprecedented campaign to grow the already-high public support for a popular bill that will save lives and make our country fairer and more equal for all. We will not stop until the Equality Act is passed.”\nSen. Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.), chief sponsor of the Equality Act in the Senate, also signaled through a spokesperson work continues on the legislation, refusing to give up on expectations the legislation would soon become law.\n“Sen. Merkley and his staff are in active discussions with colleagues on both sides of the aisle to try to get this done,” McLennan said. “We definitely see it as a key priority that we expect to become law.”\nA spokesperson Senate Majority Leader Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.), who had promised to force a vote on the Equality Act in the Senate on the day the U.S. House approved it earlier this year, pointed to a March 25 “Dear Colleague” letter in which he identified the Equality Act as one of several bills he’d bring up for a vote.\nDespite any assurances, the hold up on the bill is apparent. Although the U.S. House approved the legislation earlier this year, the Senate Judiciary Committee hasn’t even reported out the bill yet to the floor in the aftermath of the first-ever Senate hearing on the bill in March. A Senate Judiciary Committee Democratic aide, however, disputed that inaction as evidence the Equality Act is dead in its tracks: “Bipartisan efforts on a path forward are ongoing.”\nDemocrats are quick to blame Republicans for inaction on the Equality Act, but with Manchin withholding his support for the legislation they can’t even count on the entirety of their caucus to vote “yes” if it came to the floor. Progressives continue to advocate an end to the filibuster to advance legislation Biden has promised as part of his agenda, but even if they were to overcome headwinds and dismantle the institution needing 60 votes to advance legislation, the Equality Act would likely not have majority support to win approval in the Senate with a 50-50 party split.\nThe office of Manchin, who has previously said he couldn’t support the Equality Act over concerns about public schools having to implement the transgender protections applying to sports and bathrooms, hasn’t responded to multiple requests this year from the Blade on the legislation and didn’t respond to a request to comment for this article.\nMeanwhile, Sen. Susan Collins (R-Maine), who declined to co-sponsor the Equality Act this year after having signed onto the legislation in the previous Congress, insisted through a spokesperson talks are still happening across the aisle despite the appearances the legislation is dead.\n“There continues to be bipartisan support for passing a law that protects the civil rights of Americans, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity,” said Annie Clark, a Collins spokesperson. “The Equality Act was a starting point for negotiations, and in its current form, it cannot pass. That’s why there are ongoing discussions among senators and stakeholders about a path forward.”\nLet’s face it: Anti-LGBTQ forces have railroaded the debate by making the Equality Act about an end to women’s sports by allowing transgender athletes and danger to women in sex-segregated places like bathrooms and prisons. That doesn’t even get into resolving the issue on drawing the line between civil rights for LGBTQ people and religious freedom, which continues to be litigated in the courts as the U.S. Supreme Court is expected any day now to issue a ruling in Fulton v. City of Philadelphia to determine if foster care agencies can reject same-sex couples over religious objections.\nFor transgender Americans, who continue to report discrimination and violence at high rates, the absence of the Equality Act may be most keenly felt.\nMara Keisling, outgoing executive director of the National Center for Transgender Equality, disputed any notion the Equality Act is dead and insisted the legislation is “very much alive.”\n“We remain optimistic despite misinformation from the opposition,” Keisling said. “NCTE and our movement partners are still working fruitfully on the Equality Act with senators. In fact, we are gaining momentum with all the field organizing we’re doing, like phone banking constituents to call their senators. Legislating takes time. Nothing ever gets through Congress quickly. We expect to see a vote during this Congress, and we are hopeful we can win.”\nBut one Democratic source said calls to members of Congress against the Equality Act, apparently coordinated by groups like the Heritage Foundation, have has outnumbered calls in favor of it by a substantial margin, with a particular emphasis on Manchin.\nNo stories are present in the media about same-sex couples being kicked out of a restaurant for holding hands or transgender people for using the restroom consistent with their gender identity, which would be perfectly legal in 25 states thanks to the patchwork of civil rights laws throughout the United States and inadequate protections under federal law.\nTyler Deaton, senior adviser for the American Unity Fund, which has bolstered the Republican-led Fairness for All Act as an alternative to the Equality Act, said he continues to believe the votes are present for a compromise form of the bill.\n“I know for a fact there is a supermajority level of support in the Senate for a version of the Equality Act that is fully protective of both LGBTQ civil rights and religious freedom,” Deaton said. “There is interest on both sides of the aisle in getting something done this Congress.”\nDeaton, however, didn’t respond to a follow-up inquiry on what evidence exists of agreeing on this compromise.\nBiden has already missed the goal he campaigned on in the 2020 election to sign the Equality Act into law within his first 100 days in office. Although Biden renewed his call to pass the legislation in his speech to Congress last month, as things stand now that appears to be a goal he won’t realize for the remainder of this Congress.\nNor has the Biden administration made the Equality Act an issue for top officials within the administration as it pushes for an infrastructure package as a top priority. One Democratic insider said Louisa Terrell, legislative affairs director for the White House, delegated work on the Equality Act to a deputy as opposed to handling it herself.\nTo be sure, Biden has demonstrated support for the LGBTQ community through executive action at an unprecedented rate, signing an executive order on day one ordering federal agencies to implement the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision last year in Bostock v. Clayton County to the fullest extent possible and dismantling former President Trump’s transgender military ban. Biden also made historic LGBTQ appointments with the confirmation of Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg and Rachel Levine as assistant secretary of health.\nA White House spokesperson insisted Biden’s team across the board remains committed to the Equality Act, pointing to his remarks to Congress.\n“President Biden has urged Congress to get the Equality Act to his desk so he can sign it into law and provide long overdue civil rights protections to LGBTQ+ Americans, and he remains committed to seeing this legislation passed as quickly as possible,” the spokesperson said. “The White House and its entire legislative team remains in ongoing and close coordination with organizations, leaders, members of Congress, including the Equality Caucus, and staff to ensure we are working across the aisle to push the Equality Act forward.”\nBut at least in the near-term, that progress will fall short of fulfilling the promise of updating federal civil rights law with the Equality Act, which will mean LGBTQ people won’t be able to rely on those protections when faced with discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line549146"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5988141894340515,"wiki_prob":0.5988141894340515,"text":"5:05 PM PT6:05 PM MT7:05 PM CT8:05 PM ET1:05 AM GMT9:05 AM 北京时间6:05 PM MST8:05 PM EST, Nov. 20, 2021\nAlex G. Spanos Stadium, San Luis Obispo, California Attendance: 6,371\nDaniels runs for 280 yards, 5 TDs; NAU beats Cal Poly 45-21\nSAN LUIS OBISPO, Calif. (AP) Kevin Daniels 280 yards rushing and five touchdowns - both career highs - to help Northern Arizona beat Cal Poly 45-21 on Saturday night in the season finale for both teams.\nDaniels, a 6-foot-2, 225 pound freshman, finished the season with 1,146 yards rushing and became just the 17th player in program history to run for at least 1,000 yards - the first since Casey Jahn had 1,035 yards rushing in 2015.\nLepi Lataimua scored on a 1-yard run to cap a nine-play, 61-yard drive and give Cal Poly (2-8, 1-6 Big Sky Conference) a 7-0 lead late in the first quarter but two plays from scrimmage later RJ Martinez hit Coleman Owen for a 62-yard touchdown to make it 7-7 and NAU outscored the Mustangs 31-7 in second quarter to take control.\nDaniels scored on runs of 3, 13, and 23 yards before taking a handoff, exploding up the middle and cutting left before winning a race down the left sideline for a 90-yard touchdown give Northern Arizona (4-6, 3-4) a 38-14 halftime lead.\nCal Poly committed four of its five turnovers in the second quarter.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line719398"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7021010518074036,"wiki_prob":0.7021010518074036,"text":"Accumulation of COGEMA-La Hague-derived reprocessing wastes in French salt marsh sediments\nCundy, A., Croudace, I. W., Warwick, P. E., Oh, J. S. & Haslett, S. K., Dec 2002, In: Environmental Science & Technology. 36, 23, p. 4990-4997 8 p.\nAcculturation is a two-way street: Majority–minority perspectives of outgroup acculturation preferences and the mediating role of multiculturalism and threat\nCeleste, L., Brown, R., Tip, L. & Matera, C., 31 Oct 2014, In: International Journal of Intercultural Relations. 43, Part B, p. 304-320 17 p.\nAcculturation in the United Kingdom\nBrown, R., Zagefka, H. & Tip, L., 1 Apr 2016, The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology. Sam, D. & Berry, J. (eds.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press\nAccruals quality and the cost of debt: The European evidence\nGregoriou, A., Eliwa, Y. & Patterson, A., 7 May 2019, In: International Journal of Accounting and Information Management. 27, 2, p. 333-351 19 p.\nAccrediting clinical educators\nCaladine, L., Dec 2002, In: Physiotherapy Frontline. Clinical education supplement, p. 8-9 2 p.\nAccreditation in Physical Education? Meeting the Needs and Interests of Pupils at Key Stage Four\nStidder, G. & Wallis, J., Sep 2003, Equity and Inclusion in Physical Education: Contemporary Issues for Teachers, Trainees and Practitioners. Hayes, G. & Stidder, G. (eds.). London: Routledge, p. 185-209 25 p.\nAccounting in a business context\nBerry, A. & Jarvis, R., 2011, Andover, UK: Cengage Learning EMEA. 512 p.\nAccounting for the life-cycle carbon emissions of new dwellings in the U.K.\nProbert, A. J., Miller, A., Ip, K., Beckett, K. P. & Schofield, R., 21 Sep 2010, 12th International Conference on Non-conventional Materials and Technologies. Egypt, p. 1-13 13 p.\nAccounting for the Customers? A Tale of Public Transport in 1930s Coventry\nWhitworth, L., 2003, Suburbanizing the Masses: Public Transport and Urban Development in Historical Perspective. Ashgate, p. 211-230 20 p.\nAccounting for orgasmic absence: exploring heterosex using the story completion method\nFrith, H., 1 Jan 2013, In: Psychology & Sexuality. 4, 3, p. 310-322 13 p.\nAccounting For Ground Motion Duration in the Nonlinear Soil-Pile-Structure Interaction Analysis of Extended Pile-Shaft-Supported Bridges\nTombari, A., Dezi, F. & El Naggar, M. H., 9 Sep 2019.\nAccounting conservatism and banking expertise on board of directors\nNguyen, T., Duong, C., Nguyen, N. & Bui, H., 3 Nov 2019, In: Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting. 55, p. 501–539\nAccountable Care? An analysis of national reporting on local health and social care service integration\nTunney, S. & Thomas, J., 27 Nov 2018, In: Social Theory and Health. 17, 3, p. 331-347\nAccountability - what do we mean? Nurses' perceptions of professional accountability\nKing, L., Nov 2006, Interdisciplinary Research Conference.\nAccountabilities of a reflective mentor\nRoffey-Barentsen, J. & Malthouse, R., 14 Dec 2020, Mentoring Science Teachers in the Secondary School: A Practical Guide. Salehjee, S. (ed.). Routledge, p. 47-\nAccommodating Diversity in Northern Ireland: Elected Representatives and Minority Ethnic Communities\nHainsworth, P., Gilligan, C. & McGarry, A., 2009, Challenges of peace: research as a contribution to peace-building in Northern Ireland. Bell, J. (ed.). Belfast: Community Relations Council, p. 207-222 16 p.\nAcclimatizing nuclear? Climate change, nuclear power and the reframing of risk in the UK news media\nDoyle, J., Feb 2011, In: International Communication Gazette. 73, 1-2, p. 107-125 19 p.\nAccess to Justice for People with Disability in Nigeria: Therapeutic Day Care Centre (TDCC) as a Case Study.\nUmegbolu, C., 1 Feb 2021, In: Athens Journal of Law. 7 , 2, p. 265-278\nAccess to Justice for People with Disability in Nigeria: Therapeutic Day Care Centre as a Case Study (TDCC)\nUmegbolu, C., 9 Jan 2021, In: Social and Legal Studies. 6, 2, p. 1-29 29 p.\nAccess to finance for innovative SMEs since the financial crisis\nLee, N., Sameen, H. & Cowling, M., 7 Nov 2014, In: Research Policy. 44, 2, p. 370-380 11 p.\nAccess to Databases (Pilot Definition: Pilot 7)\nLux, Z., Mezei, J., Alföldi, I., Anderson, D. & Anderson, J., 12 Feb 2018\nAccess to Databases (Full Scale Pilot 7)\nAccess to counselling briefing: Key findings on the relationship between YIACS and CAMHS commissioners\nLynott Wilson, C. A., 2005, Youth Access national infrastructure organization for Youth Information, Advice and Counselling Services. 4 p.\nAccess to bank finance for UK SMEs in the wake of the recent financial crisis\nCowling, M., Liu, W. & Zhang, N., 1 Jan 2016, In: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research. 22, 6, p. 903-932 30 p.\nAccess to Art: From Day Centre to Tate Modern\nRidley, P. & Fox, A., 2007, Community-University Partnerships in Practice. Hart, A., Maddison, E. & Wolff, D. (eds.). Leicester, UK: NIACE (National Institute of Adult Continuing Education), p. 137-149 13 p.\nAccess to Art\nFox, A., 1 Jan 2007, Brighton, UK : InQbate.\nAccessing Hominin Cognition: Language and Social Signaling in the Lower to Middle Palaeolithic\nCole, J., 17 Dec 2016, Cognitive Models in Palaeolithic Archeology. New York.: Oxford University Press, p. 157-195 39 p.\nAccessible Reasoning with Diagrams: from Cognition to Automation\nShams, Z., Sato, Y., Jamnik, M. & Stapleton, G., 17 May 2018, 10th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams. Chapman, P., Stapleton, G., Moktefi, A., Perez-Kriz, S. & Bellucci, F. (eds.). Edinburgh: Springer, Vol. 10871. p. 247-263 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).\nAccessible Digitisation and Visualisation of Open Cultural Heritage Assets\nMedeiros e Sá, A., Ibañez Vila, A. B., Rodriguez Echavarria, K., Marroquim, R. & Luiz Fonseca, V., 2019, Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage. Rizvic, S. & Rodriguez Echavarria, K. (eds.). The Eurographics Association, (Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage ).\nAcceptance Requirements and Their Gamification Solutions\nPiras, L., Giorgini, P. & Mylopoulos, J., 5 Dec 2016, Proceedings - 2016 IEEE 24th International Requirements Engineering Conference, RE 2016. IEEE, p. 365-370 6 p. 7765545. (Proceedings - 2016 IEEE 24th International Requirements Engineering Conference, RE 2016).\nAcceptability and feasibility of using digital vending machines to deliver HIV self-tests to men who have sex with men\nVera, J. H., Soni, S., Pollard, A., Lewellin, C., Peralta, C., Rodriguez, L. & Dean, G., 17 May 2019, In: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 95, 8, p. 557-561 5 p.\nAcceptability, Use, and Safety of a Mobile Phone App (BlueIce) for Young People Who Self-Harm: Qualitative Study of Service Users’ Experience\nGrist, R., Porter, J. & Stallard, P., 23 Feb 2018, In: JMIR Mental Health. 5, 1, e16.\nAccelerating Taylor bubbles within circular capillary channels: Break-up mechanisms and regimes\nAndredaki, M., Georgoulas, A., Miche, N. & Marengo, M., 9 Oct 2020, In: International Journal of Multiphase Flow. 134, p. 1-16 103488.\nAccelerated Optimal Topology Search for Two-hidden-layer Neural Networks\nThomas, A., Walters, S., Petridis, M., Malekshahi Gheytassi, M. & Morgan, R., 19 Aug 2016, Engineering Applications of Neural Networks. EANN 2016. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, p. 253-266 14 p. 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Fashion and luxury: between heritage and innovation.\nA case of counseling with a person diagnosed with dementia\nGreenwood, D., 1 Jan 2008, In: Philosophical Practice: Journal of the APPA. 3, 3, p. 333-342 10 p.\nA Case-Based Reasoning Method for Remanufacturing Process Planning\nZhou, F., Zhigang, J., Zhang, H. & Wang, Y., 11 Nov 2014, In: Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society. 2014, p. 1-9 9 p.\nA case based reasoning approach for the monitoring of business workflows\nKapetanakis, S., Petridis, M., Knight, B., Ma, J. & Bacon, L., 1 Jan 2010, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, Vol. 6176. p. 390-405 16 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).\nA career satisfaction cross-sectional survey of London pre-registration and registered pharmacists\nBarrett, R. & Upadhyay, D., 4 Dec 2017, p. 24-25.\nA calcium-dependent interaction between calmodulin and the calponin homology domain of human IQGAP1\nAndrews, W. J., Bradley, C. A., Hamilton, E., Daly, C., Mallon, T. & Timson, D. J., 1 Dec 2012, In: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 371, 1-2, p. 217-223 7 p.\nAcademic use of commercial network simulation tools\nJones, G. B., Stipidis, E. & Powner, E. T., 1 Dec 2000, In: International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education. 37, 2, p. 144-145 2 p.\nAcademics' professionalism and quality mechanisms: challenges and tensions\nCheng, M., Nov 2009, In: Quality in Higher Education. 15, 3, p. 193-205 13 p.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line84896"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.783847451210022,"wiki_prob":0.783847451210022,"text":"Middle East: Agonizing Choices - Syrian refugees in need of health care in Lebanon\nSource: Amnesty\nSyrian refugees in Lebanon desperate for health care amid international apathy\nA severe shortfall in international support has left many Syrian refugees in Lebanon unable to access crucial medical care, according to a new report by Amnesty International. The situation is so desperate that in some cases refugees have resorted to returning to Syria to receive the treatment they need.\nThe report, Agonizing Choices: Syrian refugees in need of health care in Lebanon, identifies some serious gaps in the level of medical services available to refugees. In some cases Syrian refugees, including those requiring emergency treatment, have been turned away from hospitals.\n“Hospital treatment and more specialized care for Syrian refugees in Lebanon is woefully insufficient, with the situation exacerbated by a massive shortage of international funding. Syrian refugees in Lebanon are suffering as a direct result of the international community’s shameful failure to fully fund the UN relief programme in Lebanon,” said Audrey Gaughran, Director of Global Thematic Issues at Amnesty International.\nThe UN has appealed for US$1.7 billion for Lebanon in 2014, as part of a US$4.2 billion UN appeal for Syrian refugees, yet only a pitiful 17 per cent of the funds have so far been secured.\nThe health system in Lebanon is highly privatized and expensive, leaving many refugees reliant on care subsidized by the UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR. However, due to a shortage of funds it has been forced to introduce a restrictive set of eligibility criteria for people in need of hospital treatment. Even when refugees meet the tight criteria, most must pay 25 per cent of the costs themselves.\nSyrian refugees suffering from serious health conditions requiring hospital care or more complicated treatments often go untreated. Arif, a 12-year-old boy, who had suffered severe burns on his legs, is among those who were denied hospital treatment, causing his condition to deteriorate. His burns turned septic and his legs swelled and became infected. Under UNHCR’s current guidelines he does not qualify for subsidized care, so the agency was only able to cover the cost of his treatment for five days.\n“Arif’s story is a heart-breaking example of the impact that restrictions on provision of medical care can have on the lives of Syrian refugees in Lebanon,” said Audrey Gaughran.\nEventually, a local charitable network found a volunteer doctor to operate on Arif but he still reportedly requires 13 more operations which cannot be carried out in Lebanon due to the lack of more specialized equipment.\n“Both the UN and refugees are facing agonizing choices,” said Audrey Gaughran.\n“UNHCR and its partners are prioritizing primary health care and treatment for life-threatening emergencies. Such prioritization is vital, but humanitarian health professionals on the ground speaking to Amnesty International were clear that the current limitations on support for hospital care for refugees could be lessened if the relief funding improved.”\nMany Syrian refugees living with cancer and other long-term illnesses are also unable to afford expensive treatments they require in Lebanon. An increasing number of families face crippling debts due to mounting medical costs. One Syrian refugee, Amal, has to make the journey back to Syria twice a week for kidney dialysis, which she cannot afford in Lebanon. “I feel afraid to go to Syria, but I have no choice,” she told Amnesty International.\nSome cases that are initially relatively straightforward to treat have become life threatening due to complications caused by lack of treatment.\n“Illness is driving whole families into debt. There is very little work available for Syrian refugees, most of whom arrived in Lebanon with little or nothing. People have faced a choice between paying for medical care or rent or food,” said Audrey Gaughran.\n“It’s time for the international community to recognize the consequences of its failure to provide adequate assistance to refugees from the conflict in Syria. There is a desperate need for countries to fulfil the humanitarian appeal for Syria and step up efforts to offer resettlement places for the most vulnerable of refugees, including those in dire need of medical treatment,” said Audrey Gaughran.\nAmnesty International recognizes that the influx of refugees has placed an overwhelming strain on Lebanon’s resources, including health services. However, it is also calling on the government to adopt a long- term strategy for coping with health care needs for the Syrian refugee population.\n“Lebanon must develop a national health strategy that makes provisions for everyone in Lebanon, including poor and disadvantaged Lebanese and the refugee population,” said Audrey Gaughran. “Lebanon faces difficult choices in coping with the needs of its own population and its obligations towards refugees. It cannot be left alone to deal with one of the most acute refugee crises in history. This is a shared international responsibility and countries that have the economic means must step up to it.”\nLebanon is overburdened and under- resourced to sufficiently deal with the ever-growing Syrian refugee crisis. There are currently more than one million registered refugees from Syria in Lebanon. The number is expected to reach 1.5 million by the end of 2014 - which would be equivalent to a third of the country’s pre-Syria war population.\nRegistered Syrian refugees can seek access to health care in Lebanon through a UNHCR-run programme. Due to limited financial resources available, UNHCR has adopted an approach which prioritizes primary health and emergency care over more costly and complex treatments and hospital care.\nThis briefing focuses on Syrian refugees in Lebanon, rather than other refugees, which include more than 50,000 Palestinian refugees who have fled from Syria and the established Palestinian refugee population in Lebanon. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon access services and health care through United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) rather than UNHCR.\nLabels: Lebanon, Middle East, Refugees, Syria","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1833718"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7079551815986633,"wiki_prob":0.29204481840133667,"text":"What if the Iranians are people too?\nFriday, April 3, 2015 Friday, April 3, 2015 ~ Adam Kotsko\nI can’t claim to be an expert on the internal politics of Iran, but my meager efforts are surely better than the active anti-knowledge that is spreading around the Iran nuclear deal. I’ve ranted on Twitter a bit, and I thought I’d write down some longer-form thoughts here, in no particular order.\nIt was rational for Iran to seek a nuclear deterrent. The US had already toppled a democratically-elected Iranian government and replaced it with an autocrat. They were able to regain their independence, and since then they have been treated as a total pariah. Two neighboring countries were subsequently invaded by the US simultaneously, after the US had declared Iran to be part of the “Axis of Evil.” They could also see that the US helped to overthrow the government of Libya after Libya had given up its nuclear ambitions and become a “good citizen” in the “international community.” It would be insane for a country in that position not to seek the ultimate weapons trump card to prevent an invasion, because an invasion is literally the worst thing that can happen to a country.\nIran is not going to commit national suicide to destroy Israel. Everyone knows Israel has a nuclear deterrent. The very fact that Iran was seeking a nuclear deterrent shows them to be rational actors, and so we have to conclude that they would also be rationally deterred by a nuclear deterrent.\nNegotiating an end to the nuclear program was also rational. Creating a nuclear bomb takes a long time and is difficult to hide. It was becoming increasingly clear that Iran could not get across the nuclear finish line before their very efforts to deter a future invasion directly caused a present invasion. Hence, quite rationally, they sat down to negotiate with the most reasonable US president they were likely to get. It’s also in their interest to quite unambiguously comply with the agreement, because again, they are rational people who care about their country and don’t want to see it overrun and destroyed.\nIt is legitimate for a country to seek to influence events in its own region. People act as though Iranian influence in the Middle East is some nefarious and illegitimate agenda all rational people should oppose. In reality, Iran is in the Middle East. It is actually physically located there. It would be ridiculous for it not to seek to influence events that directly impinge upon it in physically contiguous countries. What’s more, Iran is a relatively rich and powerful country with a long history of taking a leadership role in what is, just to review, its own part of the world.\nColonialism is a terrible historical evil. We in the West are inclined to view the 20th Century as the story of overcoming the two great evils of Nazism and Communism, but everyone else would add a third item to that list: colonialism. Resentment toward colonialism is especially great in the Middle East given that the US continually meddles in their affairs, usually in hugely destructive ways, and given that the Middle East includes the most recently-established settler colony, which is itself backed up by the meddling imperial power. We’re always on the lookout for the next Hitler, but in the Middle East, they don’t have to be vigilant against one of the great 20th century evils because it is constantly ongoing. And the US is responsible for maintaining that situation!\n“Anti-American rhetoric” is thus not some kind of randomly chosen prejudice, but an understandable response to the US’s ongoing actions. Anti-Semitism is obviously more unfortunate as a reaction, but we should understand its context in colonialism and not imagine that it’s “religious” which makes it magically determinative of all their actions in a way that defies reason (hence their supposed willingness to commit national suicide). In reality, the only leader in history who was willing to risk national suicide to kill all the Jews was a Western leader named Adolf Hitler, whose rise was enabled by the bungling and vindictiveness of other Western leaders in very specific historical circumstances that are absolutely nothing like anything that is even remotely happening in the Middle East right now, you fucking ignorant fucks.\n‹ PreviousPopular sovereignty and trinity\nNext ›Possibilities of teaching in Islam\n16 thoughts on “What if the Iranians are people too?”\nThe incapacity of Americans to understand how deep and widespread anti-American views are among post-colonial peoples around world over never ceases to amaze me. They just don’t get it at all. Not the least clue. Here’s a little example that I like to cite, because it shocks everybody, especially white liberals. I’d been living in Abidjan, Ivory Coast (that’s an ex-French colony in West Africa, between Ghana and Liberia) for a year when 9/11 happened. I happened to be extremely pregnant at the time, and 11 days later, I had my last daughter in an Abidjan Catholic clinic. The day after she was born, I overheard a couple of Ivoirian nurses chatting in the hall – they were talking about 9/11, and one of them opened her nurse’s uniform to reveal to the other one the t-shirt she was wearing, which had a picture of Bin Laden on it. These were educated (obviously) Catholic nurses. But this wasn’t a bizarre one-off. Everybody and their mothers were wearing these t-shirts in the few weeks after 9/11 – in great West African entrepreneurial spirit, people all across the region (probably the continent) were printing and selling these t-shirts by the millions. I even know some French ex-pats who wore them in Senegal. I tell people here this story, and they’re appalled. And I’m like, why the fuck are you appalled?? It’s a miracle people are only wearing t-shirts! I have another good one – a LURD fighter (that’s one of the anti-Charles Taylor groups in the Liberian war) tells a colleague of mine, just before the final military push to try and take Monrovia before the US engineered peace-talks; he says to her, on our way to Monrovia we’re going to commit as many atrocities as possible, cos that way the US, the UN, and the whole world will pay attention, and we’ll get a better DDR package (demobilization, disarmament, re-integration). International interventions 101 – they’ve all taken the fucking course. A caveat – I will utterly lose my shit if anybody starts a philosophical debate about the rights and wrongs and meanings of these little anecdotes. I just told you because it’s what happens – time to get with the fucking picture.\nsorry. got a bit carried away. ;) great post tho Adam.\nOf course only an idiot would deny the massive shaping force (and the large-scale, widespread resentments, impacting directly on present-day international relations) of the colonial legacy. I sometimes think, though, that ‘colonialism’ is one of those words that obscures as much as it illuminates. I come from a country, Britain, that actually once had a global empire and I can see that the particular resentments this caused have left anger that can be directly linked back to colonial history. France likewise. But America is in a different category. It’s easy to forget, for instance, that one reason US policy makers thought the Vietnam war a viable proposition was precisely the belief (wrong, as it turned out) that the local population would look differently on US troops, that these troops would not be hated in the way the occupying troops of their colonial power, France, were, precisely because the US was not a colonial power. Hasn’t it always been part of the defining story of the USA that they led the world’s first great war of decolonisation? I know we all talk of ‘the US Empire’ as if it’s a real thing in the world, and of course the US has engaged in a great many foreign interventions using military force to try and shift the geopolitical balance in its favour rather like a colonial power would. But ‘the US Empire’ is a rhetorical rather than an actual entity. Pegging the widespread anti-Americanism (that Ruth rightly identifies) to colonialism seems to me a wrong step. Isn’t it more ideological, to do with Capitalism and liberalism, the spread of MacDonalds and sex and so on? Which is to say, doesn’t it relate back to and continue by other means the big ideological conflict of the 20th-century, Capitalism/anti-Capitalism?\nI think it’s fair for those in post-colonial regions to view “the West” as such as the colonizing power rather than exclusively focusing on the individual nation-state that historically colonized them — this is sensible insofar as something like the “scramble for Africa” was a more or less pan-European effort even if only one particular power colonized any given place. And in Vietnam, it was clear that the US was assuming the “duties” of the French, so that there and in many other places, the US can be regarded as the successor entity of the previous specific representatives of “the West” that in fact colonized them. And while the legal organization of the US Empire is very different from something like the British Empire (which itself incorporated many different legal and organizational forms, both synchronously and diachronically), it does remain the case that US troops are stationed in dozens upon dozens of nations throughout the world. Hence the imperial presence is not entirely notional.\nAlso, I will point out again that Israel is quite literally a settler colony.\nAdam R, you are totally incorrect. Firstly, it’s not about ‘resentment’ – which is a way of ascribing to postcolonials a sort of ‘slave mentality’.The anit-Westernism is about soveriengty, and nobody in Africa today takes Britain, or for that matter France who actually tried really hard to be a neo-colonial power, seriously from the point of view of power. Britain only matters as a puppet of the US… As Adam K says, US imperialism is anything but a notional entity. Lumumba, Mozambique, Angola, Haiti – these aren’t simply a few exceptions that prove the rule that the real enemy isn’t direct military or political intervention, but capital. Firstly, because it’s stupid to imagine you can separate soveriegn state power and capital – they relay one another, and nowhere more patently than in foriegn policy. It’s even more wrong-headed to think the anti-Americanism is about ‘culture’ – sex, consumption, decadence et al. Maybe that’s what ‘ISIS really wants’, but then again, I wouldn’t believe what you read in the Atlantic. It’s so fucking patronizing to think Africans are rejecting America for all the things WE think are fucked about it – why the fuck shouldn’t Africans want/get fridges and flat screens, just like everybody else? In French there’s an expression for ‘window shopping’ – leche vitrines’, which literally means, licking the windows. That’s what people are doing – licking the windows of globalization. So don’t fucking patronize them by thinking they hate the US because it’s the symbol of capital, or because it’s decadent etc. You don’t know shit about what people want or don’t want. Anti-Americanism is about political and economic domination, about American arrogance and ignorance. It’s about the structural violence that is relayed by acutal US policies that perpetuate on so many levels exclusion, inequity, and domination, and that ensures only a tiny group get what we’ve – you’ve- got.\nI’m amazed how everybody thinks they get to have an opinion about these issues – “colonialism obscures as much as it illuminates” bla bla bla – even though they’ve no fucking idea what they’re talking about. I mean, would any of us Adam up on his reading of Agamben’s Kingdom and the Glory, without first reading the book, or having a notion about who Agamben is, and what his intellectual project consists of? No! So do your fucking homework Adam R, and stop talking out your ass.\nok. i should clearly not post about this sort of thing. apologies (again) for the insults and expletives.\nRuth: ‘the real enemy isn’t direct military or political intervention, but capital’ … I’ll confess I thought that was the point I was making. But, then again, I’m a fucking ass, I don’t know shit about what people want or don’t want, I’m fucking patronising and so on, so I daresay I’d better just fuck off.\nNo, you’re not making the same point. You say they’re rejecting consumerism, while Ruth is saying they’re rejecting capitalist exploitation.\n“US Empire” is not a rhetorical entity. What the hell.\nthe ridger says:\nAnd let us not forget Hawaii and the Philippines. It’s convenient that most of our empire was constructed in our own hemisphere, but we are a colonial power. Or used to be, depending on how you define the term. Just because we weren’t the colonizers of Vietnam didn’t make us not colonizers.\nPlus the US is literally structured as a union of settler colonies.\nHasn’t it always been part of the defining story of the USA that they led the world’s first great war of decolonisation?\nTo ourselves, yes, but this myth has vanishingly little power outside of the U.S. Walter Lefebre’s Inevitable Revolutions is an excellent (and enraging) read on just how quickly the American Revolution lost its rhetorical force for other revolutionaries in the face of the US’s emergence as a global power.\nalbertite says:\nOne might try to remember that the Revolting Colonies were formed and grew out of an expressed “colonial” identity. All the people who were there before the colonialists came were defined as “non-people” so that the colonialists could claim the whole thing for themselves (and, regardless of Jesus or the Ten Commandments, any dissenters were sought out and killed). One can still see this mentality in the puppet states of Central America, in the widespread fear and loathing of any form of independent thought in South America (Allende, anyone?) and in the religious domionism of certain right-wing church people within the US demanding to force a specific kind of theology on everyone from the Hopi through to the Ugandans (a theology that is not like anything found in any Holy Book, I might add)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line28618"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.57914137840271,"wiki_prob":0.42085862159729004,"text":"Tag: The Red\nDeadline Given for Community, Developer to Work Out Compromise on $25M Madisonville Project\nPost author By Kevin LeMaster\n16 Comments on Deadline Given for Community, Developer to Work Out Compromise on $25M Madisonville Project\nRendering of The Red [Provided]\nDevelopers of The Red, a 246-unit apartment and restaurant development in Madisonville, will have to wait another two weeks to find out if they’ll get the city’s approval.\nCincinnati City Council’s Neighborhoods Committee on Monday tabled a proposal by Hyde Park Circle, LLC developer Ray Schneider to eliminate a planned 120,000 square feet of office space in favor of the residential development on 10 acres just south of its Madison Circle at Babson Place development, which is located on the southwest corner of Madison Road and Red Bank Expressway.\nThe project, estimated to cost more than $25 million, would include three residential buildings four to five stories in height – including 12 townhomes along Babson Place – and three restaurants of between 2,500 and 6,900 square feet. Garage parking would be spread between all three residential buildings and would provide 427 sheltered spaces, with an additional 51 surface parking spaces.\nSite Layout for The Red [Provided]\nThe City Planning Commission approved the change on March 6, although the commission did not examine how the change meshed with neighborhood plans such as the Red Bank corridor industrial plan and GO Cincinnati, which considered office and industrial uses as the “highest and best uses” of those properties.\nThat left some on the Neighborhoods Committee wondering what compelled the developer to make the change.\n“I’m just curious about creating another residential corridor in an area where I believe, because of the traffic that comes there, because of Medpace, because of some of the other additional retail that’s going down Red Bank Expressway, the highest and best use of that site would be actually supporting office and and/or commercial,” said Councilmember Yvette Simpson.\nJohn Bishop, construction manager for development team, said that recent proposals by Medpace to add additional office, retail, and hotel development in the area caused Schneider to reevaluate the original plans, which were approved by City Council in December 2006.\n“We feel like this is the best proposed use of the property that we have currently because of the changes that have taken place in Madisonville and surrounding the property in the nine years from the time we initially submitted the plan,” he said. “That, in conjunction with the success that the [Madison Circle] development has had with the senior housing, has helped guide us in this to be wanting to go down the multi-family path as opposed to competing with the commercial aspect of business development with what Medpace is proposing across the road.”\nFor several months, the development team has been unable to secure the endorsement of either the Madisonville Community Council or Madisonville Community Urban Redevelopment Corporation (MCURC).\n“In my opinion, it’s a shame to utilize 10 developable acres for residential development,” said MCURC Executive Director Sara Sheets. “We would prefer that employees live in the neighborhood – in the heart of the neighborhood – and become involved in the fabric of the neighborhood.”\nShe added that Madisonville also needs jobs, and that neighborhood plans are right in calling for office and industrial uses.\n“At MCURC we consistently receive calls from brokers looking for 15,000 to 30,000 square feet of office space,” Sheets said. “We’ll most likely never have that anywhere else than Red Bank.” Simpson agreed.\n“One of the major challenges if you develop residential at this site and then you want to attract jobs, there is no other – you can’t go into the neighborhood and then make that commercial,” she said. “Once we develop this as a residential site, there’s nowhere else to go commercial, industrial, or office within the community of Madisonville.”\nThe next two weeks will give the development team additional time to work with the neighborhood on a possible compromise. City Council’s Neighborhoods Committee meets next on May 4 at 2pm at City Hall.\nTags Cincinnati, GO Cincinnati, John Bishop, madisonville, Madisonville Community Council, Madisonville Community Urban Redevelopment Corporation, Medpace, Ray Schneider, The Red, Yvette Simpson","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1051441"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6058867573738098,"wiki_prob":0.3941132426261902,"text":"St-Takla.org > books > en > church > synaxarium > 09-bashans\n19 Pachans\n(The Nineteenth Day of the Blessed Month of Bashans)\nThe Commemoration of the Departure of Abba Isaac, the Priest of El-Qalali (Cells)\nOn this day, the church commemorates the holy father Abba Isaac, the priest of El-Qalali (Cells). He was born in an Egyptian village from poor parents, but he was rich in his righteous works. He took the opportunity of the presence of the elders of the monks in the village to sell the works of their hands, and followed them to the wilderness. He served them under the yoke of obedience. When he became a monk, he excelled in asceticism and worship to the point that he never possessed two garments at the same time. They asked him once: \"Why don't you possess two garments?\" He answered: \"Because when I was in the world before being a monk, I did not have two garments at the same time.\"\nHe wept very often during his prayers, and he mixed his bread with the ashes of the censer and ate it. Once he became sick of a grievous sickness, and some of the brethren brought him food, but he did not eat it. One of the brethren described to him the benefits of food and urged him again to eat some of it. He insisted on not eating anything of it, and said to him: \"Believe me my brother that I desire to remain sick for thirty years.\"\nWhen he became seasoned and everyone heard about his virtues, the fathers by consensus decided to ordain him a priest. He fled and disappeared among the fields. When they were looking for him, they passed by the field, where he was hiding in and sat to rest. They had with them a donkey, which went into the field and stood where the father was. When they went after the donkey to catch it, they found him, and they wanted to bind him so that he could not escape again. He said to them: \"I will not escape now, for I know that this is the will of God.\" He went with them, and they ordained him a priest, and he increased in obedience to the elders and in teaching the beginners the virtues. When the time of his departure drew near, they asked him: \"What can we do after you leave us?\" He told them: \"Do exactly as you have seen me do, if you wish to steadfast in the wilderness\", then he departed in peace.\nMay his prayer be with us. Amen.\nDays of the month of Pashons: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30\nhttps://st-takla.org/books/en/church/synaxarium/09-bashans/19-pashans-isaac.html","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line823331"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7491580843925476,"wiki_prob":0.2508419156074524,"text":"Home Dr. UweRothhaar\nDr. UweRothhaar\nDesignation: Director of SCHOTT\nCompany:\tSCHOTT pharma services\nDirector of SCHOTT pharma services earned his doctorate in Physics at the University of Kaiserslautern in Germany. He joined SCHOTT in 2000 and focused his activities on analytical support around glass and glass surfaces. Over the last years he is responsible for SCHOTT pharma services providing analytical support of packaging material for pharmaceutical companies.\nSCHOTT is a leading international technology group in the areas of specialty glass and glass-ceramics. The company has more than 130 years of outstanding development, materials and technology expertise and offers a broad portfolio of high-quality products and intelligent solutions. SCHOTT is an innovative enabler for many industries, including the home appliance, pharma, electronics, optics, life sciences, automotive and aviation industries. SCHOTT strives to play an important part of everyone’s life and is committed to innovation and sustainable success. The parent company, SCHOTT AG, has its headquarters in Mainz (Germany) and is solely owned by the Carl Zeiss Foundation. As a foundation company, SCHOTT assumes special responsibility for its employees, society and the environment.\nContact Dr. UweRothhaar","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line295116"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9494378566741943,"wiki_prob":0.9494378566741943,"text":"60 acres of Flushing Waterfront to be revived\nPhoto Courtesy of FWCLDC\nFlushing’s future will have a revitalized, accessible waterfront — bridging the downtown area and Willets Point — if early projections proposed by a local development group become finalized.\n“Downtown Flushing, or the Flushing waterfront rather, is an area of enormous untapped potential,” said Nick Roberts, project manager at Flushing Willets Point Corona Local Development Corporation (FWCLDC) — the north-central Queens-based organization spearheading expansion efforts. “We believe that revitalizing Flushing’s waterfront is the next crucial step to furthering Flushing’s status as one of the city’s greatest neighborhoods.”\nThe FWCLDC received a grant through the state’s Department of State Brownfield Opportunity Areas (BOA) program to revive 60 acres of downtown Flushing by the waterfront. The site is bounded by Northern Boulevard to the north, Roosevelt Avenue to the south, Prince Street to the east and the Flushing River near the Van Wyck Expressway to the west, with College Point Boulevard running through the middle.\nThe team embarked on the BOA project in spring of 2011, and while the project is still in its early stages and await input from the community and final reviews from city and state agencies, the group presented two working concept models — neither of which are set in stone — to the Flushing community during a town hall meeting on June 21.\nThe first concept features a 130-foot wide waterfront edge corridor at Flushing River, which would be turned into an amenity, allowing residents to either meander along the river on walkways or possibly canoe and kayak on it. The second concept focuses more on “seamlessly” connecting the river to downtown Flushing with park-like, landscaped corridors running east to west. Small parks, officials said, would also be installed at the end of each street under this model.\nWith either proposal, developers expect the site to be parceled out between residential, retail, entertainment and other mixed uses within the next five to ten years. According to Peter Liebowitz, an environmental, planning and engineering consultant with the project, 75 percent of the land — totaling to 750,000 square feet — would go toward 600 units of affordable housing, based on market demand assessments. The total 1,005,000 square feet would be broken up between smaller percentages of retail, restaurants, office, hotel and entertainment options.\nA more long term plan – over 10 years – calls for 1,600 residential units and only 6 percent entertainment, which officials said would largely make up of facility banquet halls.\nThe project is mildly restricted by the Federal Aviation Administration, said the project’s landscape architect Greg Leonard, since the development site is approximately 1.25 miles away from LaGuardia Airport.\nLeonard said the maximum building height for the southeast portion of the site is capped at 170 feet before sea level subtractions. By the river, buildings could only be 145 feet.\nStill, officials hope final recommendations will also feature a pedestrian bridge linking the waterfront to the future development site at Willets Point.\nLast week, Mayor Michael Bloomberg detailed the city’s plans for the future of Willets Point, which includes the building of a 200-room hotel with 30,000-square-feet of retail and dining space and a portion of the Citi Field parking lot to become one-million square feet of space for retail, entertainment and dining.\nThe foot bridge will likely pass over the river at the lowest point of the Van Wyck Expressway, although officials said they still need to nail down the location, length and efficiency before designs are drawn.\n“This is a very exciting area in terms of economics, despite the fact that some other areas of the country aren’t doing so well,” said former Queens Borough President Claire Shulman, who heads the FWCLDC. “Flushing is really on its way up.”\nPlans to dredge the putrid-smelling Flushing River are not entirely part of the project, since the state-regulated wetland is under the jurisdiction of the city’s Department of Parks and Recreation. But Shulman said the group is already in talks with the agency to push the measure.\n“The dredging is being very actively dealt with right now,” she said. “If we’re connecting to the river, we want the waterfront to be clean, attractive and usable.”\nThe project has already drawn fire from Willets Point United, a group of property owners battling the city to keep their land. Group leaders said in a statement that the brownfield project is “actually a thinly-disguised land grab” and predicted FWCLDC would use eminent domain in the future to acquire all land in the 60 acres — a move WPU is familiar with.\nDevelopers, however, said properties owners maintain full control of their rights throughout the planning and implementation process. They said they are “respecting property boundaries” and made a note not to affect surrounding businesses.\nFWCLDC hopes to have enough feedback from the community within 30 to 45 days before taking the information back to city agencies for review.\nThe agencies, developers said, have not put up any roadblocks yet. The project also got the thumbs up from Jack Friedman, executive director at the Queens Chamber of Commerce, who said the chamber is fully supportive of the plans.\n“This new concept — this is exactly what we need for the area,” he said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line39979"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6246538162231445,"wiki_prob":0.6246538162231445,"text":"Home / movies\nNew Star Wars: Episode IX Rumor Teases Rey And Rose Team-Up\nDavid Pountain Dec 3, 2018 9:20 pm 2019-07-13T15:22:17-05:00\nAs a relatively late addition to the current Sequel Trilogy, Rose Tico’s significance in the upcoming Star Wars: Episode IX currently feels a little more ambiguous than those of her peers.\nSince it was J.J. Abrams who first introduced the likes of Rey, Finn, and Kylo Ren back in The Force Awakens, you can imagine that the filmmaker has some distinct and long-held ideas for how he plans to wrap up their arcs, The Last Jedi’s subversive twists notwithstanding. Kelly Marie Tran’s character, on the other hand, was brought into the series by Rian Johnson in a subplot that even fans of this latest installment can usually agree was among the film’s weaker elements.\nNonetheless, it’s clear that audiences are expecting Rose’s story to go somewhere, and according to one new rumor, a pair-up with the saga’s other young heroine Rey could be on the cards.\nNew Star Wars: Episode IX Set Photos Place The Spotlight On Finn And Poe\nThis report comes by way of a Reddit post from a user who claims to have connections with “someone who has a small job in production.” According to this unverifiable piece, Episode IX will follow three distinct plotlines, much like we saw in The Last Jedi. One of these strands will see Finn and Poen on a mission – a development that’s been all but confirmed by set photos – and another will focus on Kylo Ren as he pushes forward with his plans for the First Order. Rey and Rose, meanwhile, are said to be going on an unspecified adventure of their own.\nObviously, it’s best not to take such hearsay too seriously, but a pair-up between Rose and Rey could make for an interesting combination, especially after The Last Jedi spawned theories of a love triangle between the two of them and Finn. In any case, we’ll find out what’s in store for the saga’s new generation of heroes when Star Wars: Episode IX hits theaters on December 20th, 2019.\nSource: Express","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1303564"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7360616326332092,"wiki_prob":0.26393836736679077,"text":"Exploring the nature of models in science, philosophy of science, and science education\nBelarmino, Jeremy J\nBELARMINO-DISSERTATION-2017.pdf (617kB) (no description provided) PDF\nTitle: Exploring the nature of models in science, philosophy of science, and science education\nAuthor(s): Belarmino, Jeremy J\nDirector of Research: Burbules, Nicholas\nDoctoral Committee Chair(s): Burbules, Nicholas\nDoctoral Committee Member(s): Higgins, Christopher R.; Brewer, William F.; Abd-El-Khalick, Fouad\nDepartment / Program: Educ Policy, Orgzn & Leadrshp\nDiscipline: Educational Policy Studies\nSubject(s): Model\nAbstract: The term model is ubiquitous in science, philosophy of science, and science education. Although there is no general consensus regarding its definition, the traditional approach in all of these disciplines has always been to view models as some kind of representation of reality. Recently, however, there has been a move towards non-representational and deflationary accounts of modeling that eschew the notion that models must come equipped with both necessary and sufficient conditions. Following the philosophy of the later Wittgenstein, I develop my own narrative concerning modeling called the integration account. The integration account maintains that models are comprised of various elements that are organized in a distinctive way in order to solve scientific problems. Some of these elements include, but are not limited to: theories, laws, theory-ladenness of ideas, choice, funding availability, feasibility, social relationships, and even serendipity. The integration account encounters some difficulty when it is applied to the field of science education, in particular science teaching. The latter’s pedagogical project appears to run contrary to the integration account’s commitment to solving scientific problems. As a result, I propose that pedagogical models and scientific models be viewed as separate kinds of models, each replete with their own separate function. Scientific models should only be used by professional scientists to solve scientific problems and not used as teaching tools by science teachers. The reverse is also true. Pedagogical models can still be used by science teachers even if they have run their course when it comes to solving scientific problems.\nRights Information: Copyright 2017 Jeremy Belarmino\nDate Deposited: 2017-12\nDissertations and Theses - Education\nDissertations and Theses from the College of Education","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1068193"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7113374471664429,"wiki_prob":0.28866255283355713,"text":"Wood River calendars available\nWood River Heritage Council calendars are now available.\nWOOD RIVER — The Wood River Heritage Council’s 2022 calendar is now available.\nThe calendar features Wood River's past and the 2022 holidays and special events. The annual calendar is the primary revenue source for sustaining the Wood River Museum and Visitors Center, the Historic Wedding Chapel, the replica of Lewis and Clark's Camp Dubois and for providing artificial flowers and small American flags for graves at the Vaughn Hill Cemetery.\nThe calendar is $5 and may be bought at Wood River City Hall, the Wood River Museum and Visitors Center, the library, Busey Bank, Midwest Members Credit Union, First Mid Bank & Trust, Russell's Corner Cafe and Rustic Roots. The museum is open the first and third Friday and Saturday of each month.\nPeople also may mail a check for $8 to the Wood River Heritage Council, P.O. Box 222, Wood River, IL 62095, and have a calendar mailed to them.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line473412"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5438078045845032,"wiki_prob":0.5438078045845032,"text":"How the #METOO Movement Empowers Us\nEmilia Wesolowski and Rachel Moy|June 20, 2018\nRecently, the #METOO movement has exploded with more and more members. The number of women who have been impacted by sexual harassment through unnecessary and inappropriate comments, touching, or manipulation has skyrocketed. Every week another actor, politician, or celebrity is called out by a woman who has become willing to speak up and say, “ME TOO,” because she has been empowered by the movement.\nWith #METOO, we believe there is hope that our social interactions and society will change for the better during our lifetime and beyond to prevent these acts in the first place.\n2006 Beginnings: breaking the silence\nThe #METOO movement, which began in 2006 by civil rights activist Tarana Burke, has become a well-known reference in the last two years. Burke began the Twitter movement to help women speak up and confront not only their harassers, but also the judicial system which created a blockade against women seeking justice. This early rise in women speaking out about their experiences inspired many more to speak out and others to become activists, just as we are doing in writing this column.\nMs. Burke knew that sexual harassment had long been treated as a taboo in American society — that women throughout the world have been silenced because of the opposition and negative attention they would receive by telling their stories and demanding action.\nAs high school students, we know there are already countless stories from girls who have been sexually harassed, and it is not just the heterosexual community — it’s LGBT, too. As it is especially difficult for high school students to come forward about sexual harassment, the idea of being stigmatized for it is a mindset that must be nipped at the bud. It is important for girls to understand at a young age that it is unacceptable to be shamed for being a victim to sexual harassment. We are fortunate that the Zone is on our campus to help with raising our voices.\nA Safe Community for Girls\nAt a time when social media holds great influence on teenagers, the #METOO movement has created an accepting and supportive atmosphere that empowers females to fearlessly take action and speak up against their perpetrators. Although the hashtag has gained much popularity over the years, the seriousness of sexual harassment cannot be stressed enough. Creating a safe community in which girls (and boys) are empowered with choice in sexual relationships is a monumental change for our society.\nIt is because of Burke’s courage that millions of women worldwide have created a new reality, one in which they are able to speak up about sexual harassment and seek the help and justice they deserve.\nRaising Your Voice\nIn recent months hundreds of women have stepped up to the mic and spoken up about past experience of sexual harassment in their lives and careers, and how they had been too uncomfortable to say so. We believe that you should speak out, too, if something has happened to you. The truth as we see is clear: a majority of women and girls have experienced some form of harassment. In fact, we believe that if you were to ask the women you know, most would have such a memory. And so society is finally beginning to recognize the magnitude of the problem that sexual harassment presents. #METOO created the platform and awareness for truth. We must all continue it with our voices to make a better world.\nEmilia Wesolowski, Staff Reporter and Assistant Section Editor\nEmilia Wesolowski, a junior in the Law and Public Safety Academy, has been a writer and assistant editor of the newspaper since the beginning of the 2017-18...\nRachel Moy, Staff Reporter and Columnist\nRachel Moy, who is currently a junior in the Finance Academy, is a first year writer and assistant editor on The Maroon Tribune. She loves to write creative...\n“Thank You” Letter to DMAE\nA Note on our Blue Light Year\nHail and Farewell to the Class of 2021\nBolandi: The Status Quo, or a Leader?\nAmazon Has an Overflow Problem\nGeorgia Senate Race\nNotes on Covid-19","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1144320"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8614360690116882,"wiki_prob":0.8614360690116882,"text":"Hearing held for man accused of killing San Diego police Officer Jonathan De Guzman\nJonathan de Guzman died 3 years ago.\nBy: JASON KUROSU, City News Service\nPosted at 10:08 AM, Jun 17, 2019\nSAN DIEGO (CNS) - A San Diego police officer who survived a shooting that took the life of his partner testified today that the assailant shot him in the throat without provocation before turning the gun on his colleague, prompting him to return fire.\nOfficer Wade Irwin took the stand as preliminary hearing testimony got underway to determine whether there is enough evidence to warrant a trial for Jesse Michael Gomez, who is charged with murder and attempted murder, with a special circumstance allegation of murder of a police officer.\nThe 58-year-old defendant, who is being held without bail, could face the death penalty if convicted. Gomez is accused of shooting Irwin and fellow gang-unit Officer Jonathan \"J.D.'' DeGuzman about 11 p.m. on July 28, 2016, when they tried to detain him in the 3700 block of Acacia Grove Way.\nDeGuzman, a 16-year SDPD veteran, was pronounced dead after being rushed to a hospital. Gomez was taken into custody in a ravine off South 38th Street, a short distance from the scene, and was hospitalized with a gunshot wound to his upper body.\nIrwin testified that as he and DeGuzman were patrolling the area, they saw two men split up and start walking along the north and south sidewalks of Acacia Grove Way. Irwin said he believed the man on the south side -- who he later learned was Gomez -- was someone else he had previously arrested. DeGuzman stopped the car and Irwin got out of the passenger side, leaving the door open, he said.\nIrwin then asked Gomez, \"Hey, do you live in the area?'' and Gomez \"almost immediately'' shot him, the witness testified. The officer said Gomez then approached the open passenger door of the patrol car and fired into the vehicle, where DeGuzman was sitting.\nAfter being shot, Irwin said he fell into the side of the patrol car and was sitting up near the rear tire. He said he had \"a lot of blood'' in his throat and it was hard to breathe.\n\"I believed (Gomez) was going to execute me if he saw I was still alive,'' Irwin testified. He said that after Gomez shot his partner, he drew his gun and fired three to four times on the shooter, who was running eastbound.\nIrwin testified that he was taken to UC San Diego Medical Center for treatment of a collapsed lung, paralysis to his right diaphragm and vocal cords, facial numbness and nerve damage.\nIrwin said he remained in the hospital for 23 days and still suffers from the lingering effects of the injuries.\nWhile in the hospital, he was shown photographic lineups that included Gomez and the man he originally believed Gomez to be. He testified that he identified Gomez as the shooter and that the other man was not at the scene or involved in the shooting.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1228170"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.594595730304718,"wiki_prob":0.594595730304718,"text":"The Deep Dive: A closer look at the Seventh Circuit’s sexual orientation decision\nClient Bulletin #610\nAs we reported early this morning, the full U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit decided in Hively v. Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana that the prohibition in Title VII against discrimination based on “sex” encompasses discrimination based on sexual orientation. It is the first federal appellate court to do so, although recent decisions from other federal appeals courts – declining to expand Title VII this far – seem “conflicted” about the issue.\nThe Hively decision is 67 pages long, including the majority opinion (by Chief Justice Diane Wood), two concurring opinions (by Judge Richard Posner and Judge Joel Flaum) and one comprehensive dissent (by Judge Diane Sykes). The opinions in their entirety present what are probably the best arguments for and against extending Title VII to include sexual orientation discrimination.\nIn a nutshell, the expansive interpretation adopted by the majority and the two concurrences is based on evolving societal attitudes toward sexual orientation, gender identity, and same-sex marriage. They frankly acknowledge that Congress did not consider “sex” to include “sexual orientation” when Title VII was enacted in 1964. Nonetheless, they argue, the understanding of sex discrimination in 1964 was relatively limited – so limited, in fact, that Congress and society may have understood it primarily as a simple refusal to hire or promote women because they were viewed as less capable than men.\nSociety’s understanding of sex discrimination, and the scope of Title VII’s ban on “sex” discrimination, have obviously been expanded in a number of ways since 1964. Courts have subsequently interpreted “sex discrimination” to include stereotypes about traditional female roles (for example, not hiring women for sales positions on the assumption that women would not want to travel, or refusing to hire or promote women with young children based on the view that their maternal responsibilities would interfere with job performance). Beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, Title VII was interpreted to include sexual harassment. In that same general period, two Supreme Court decisions – Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins and Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. – indicated that it would be unlawful to subject an employee to adverse action or treatment for failing to conform to sex stereotypes. (Simplistically stated, Price Waterhouse involved an “aggressive” woman who did not have a sufficiently “feminine” appearance, and Oncale involved a man with “effeminate” characteristics.)\nMore recently, society’s views of sexual orientation have changed. Most significantly, the Supreme Court decided in Obergefell v. Hodges that laws against same-sex marriage violated the Due Process and Equal Protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Thus, sexual orientation is now viewed as a protected category, making the Supreme Court’s 1967 decision in Loving v. Virginia (finding it unconstitutional for states to prohibit interracial marriage) relevant to this issue. In Loving, the State of Virginia unsuccessfully argued that it did not discriminate based on race because it treated the Caucasian spouse of an interracial marriage the same as the African-American spouse. The Supreme Court, however, found that “discrimination on the basis of the race with whom a person associates [sic] is a form of racial discrimination.” (Quote is from the majority opinion in Hiveley.) Although Loving did not involve Title VII, the Seventh Circuit says that the same reasoning should apply to discrimination based on the sex of the person with whom an individual associates in the context of a Title VII claim.\nThe dissent\nIn a dissent joined by Judges William Bauer and Michael Kanne, Judge Diane Sykes criticized the majority for legislating from the bench: “The result is a statutory amendment courtesy of unelected judges.” Using terminology from Judge Posner’s concurrence, she argued that the Court is not authorized “to engage in ‘judicial interpretive updating.’”\nJudge Sykes argued that, in interpreting a statute like Title VII, the Court is supposed to be guided by the statutory language as it would have been understood by a reasonable person at the time of enactment, and she contended (correctly, no doubt) that it was not “remotely plausible” that a reasonable person at the time of enactment would have understood “sex” to encompass “sexual orientation.” She also noted that in subsequent state and federal legislation, “sexual orientation” is expressly enumerated as a protected category, indicating that Congress and state legislatures consider “sex” and “sexual orientation” to be two different things.\nJudge Sykes also argued that discrimination based on sexual orientation is a separate category from discrimination based on sex. She argued that Loving did not apply because it was not a Title VII case and because anti-miscegenation statutes were based on the philosophy of “white superiority.” By contrast, she argued, “sexual-orientation discrimination . . . is not inherently sexist.” (Emphasis in original.) Finally, she contended that Price Waterhouse, Oncale, and Obergefell and the other “sexual orientation” Supreme Court decisions did not apply because they involved different legal issues.\nApplicability of Hively, predictions, and caveats\nThe Hiveley decision will be binding legal authority for employers with operations in the Seventh Circuit states of Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. It is likely to be very influential in other parts of the country, but courts outside the Seventh Circuit will not be obligated to follow it. It should be noted that panels of two federal Courts of Appeal – the Second Circuit and the Eleventh Circuit – have recently declined to extend Title VII to include sexual orientation discrimination.\nIn any event, federal contractors are already required to prohibit discrimination or harassment based on sexual orientation or gender identity, many state laws and local ordinances prohibit such discrimination or harassment, and even in jurisdictions that have no such legislation in place, we recommend that employers prohibit such discrimination or harassment as a matter of company policy. We also recommend that it be included in companies’ regular EEO and harassment training.\nWith a split in the circuits, it is possible that this issue will reach the U.S. Supreme Court. Assuming Judge Neil Gorsuch is confirmed to replace the late Justice Antonin Scalia, our best prediction would be a 5-4 split: Justice Anthony Kennedy may join Justices Breyer, Ginsburg, Kagan, and Sotomayor in affirming the Seventh Circuit decision, with Chief Justice Roberts, and Justices Alito, Gorsuch, and Thomas dissenting – probably for many of the reasons articulated in Judge Sykes’ dissent.\nHively was the outcome of Ivy Tech’s motion to dismiss for failure to state claims for which relief can be granted. This is a motion filed at the very outset of the case, before discovery has begun. At this early stage, the Court is required to assume that the allegations in the lawsuit are true, and can dismiss the lawsuit only if – based on that assumption – it appears that the plaintiff has not made a valid legal claim. Thus, after discovery, Ivy Tech may ultimately be able to prevail on summary judgment or at trial.\nA three-judge panel of the Seventh Circuit found in August 2016 that Title VII did not prohibit sexual orientation discrimination. The panel majority opinion was written by Judge Ilana Rovner. Last fall, the Seventh Circuit voted to vacate the panel decision and rehear the case. Interestingly, Judge Rovner joined the majority in yesterday’s en banc decision.\nFinally, it should be noted that the Seventh Circuit majority opinion points out that no religious exemption was at issue in Hively, nor was there any issue related to “the provision of social or public services.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line832902"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6200093030929565,"wiki_prob":0.37999069690704346,"text":"← The Criminality of Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Energy.\nLibya, Syria, Iran, The Old Colonial Project in New Drag. →\nPAP blasts AU over Libya, covering it´s own Failures.\nPosted on October 29, 2011 by nsnbc international\nA.U. Chairperson C. P. Obiang\nThe African Union (AU) has been seriously criticized by the Pan African Parliament (PAP). After the AU assisted in passing the UN resolutions that were abused by NATO and allied countries like Qatar to initiate the war that has devastated Libya under humanitarian pretexts, it also utterly failed to stop NATO´s aggression. After being criticized by the PAP earlier this months the AU is increasingly being blasted by PAP members for it´s failure to represent African and Libyan interests. The PAP critizism of the AU how ever, looks most like an attempt to cover it´s own failure to act on behalf of Africa. By Dr. Christof Lehmann\nAt a meeting of the Pan African Parliament (PAP) on 11 October (1), Hon Charumba informed the PAP that a fact finding mission for Tunisia and Libya had noticed that thousands of civilians had been killed as a result of NATO´s bombings, and that the report of the fact finding mission strongly indicates that NATO deviated from the original objective of the United Nations Security Counsel to protect civilians.\nThe fact finding team also observed that NATO blocked shipments of food, medicine, fuel, and other items exempt from the UN embargo. Charumba emphasized that UNSC Resolutions 1970 and 1973/2011 exempted basic food items, medicines, medical equipment, material for local education institutions and financial grants for students abroad. The fact finding team also observed that there was an acute shortage of fuel, that infrastructure had been destroyed, and that a large number of refugees were fleeing the country. The report noted that the food shortages had worsened during the crisis and that telecommunications have been seriously damaged. The report also noted that several pupils and students were suffering from psychological distress caused by the conflict. Charumbira noted that blacks were being targeted and subject to torture, after being mistaken for mercenaries hired by the ousted Muammar Ghadafi.\nConsidering the fact that tens of thousands of black Africans have been massacred in Libya, and given the fact that entire cities like Sirte have been utterly devastated, given the fact that NATO has criminally abused a UNSC Resolution for implementing colonial ambitions by war, the language of the report was very restrained, but could be understood within the context of normal diplomatic language. When Charumbira, who lead the fact finding mission, follows up on the critique by saying that “the team further noticed that although Ghadafi supporters had lost control of all major towns, they still pose a threat” he is dancing a diplomatic tip toe, that is symptomatic for a lack of African Unity and Solidarity.\nThe report stated also, that the delegation had observed that the fall of the Libyan Government had created conditions for the emergence of divisions on the basis of religious ideology, and cited the influence of groups like the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group and Al Qaeda in the Islamic Mahgreb region. Charumbira warned that failure to establish an all inclusive government, that would include Ghadafi loyalists could lead to revenge attacks.\nThe PAP delegation recommended an immediate cessation of hostilities in conformity with the African Union Road Map and called on the NTC to begin negotiations to form an inclusive government so Libyans could decide their own future. The mission also proposed that the PAP should be involved in national reconstruction and in fostering national unity, preserving the integrity of Libyan citizens, and co-operate with relevant organizations to ensure the protection of migrant workers.\nFinally, in a hint of much needed self critique, the missions report suggested that the PAP should, in future, respond in a timely manner to events and conflicts on the continent, stating that the PAP mission arrived in Tripoli three months after the conflict escalated, yet missions from the United States had arrived within days of the conflict. Particularly the last point of self critique is one of the best diplomatic lingual artistries heard for a long time. If US missions were in Tripoli days after the conflict began it is most likely so, because both the PAP and AU failed to identify or stop the USA´s and NATO´s colonial project in Libya.\nPAP Vice Pres Gumbo Joram\nThe fact that PAP Vice President Joram Gumbo begins to “blast” the African Union for it´s failures (2) can hardly mask the fact that both the African Union and the Pan African parliament have failed to represent principles of African Unity, failed to protect a fellow African Nation from colonial aggression.\nNeither the AU nor the PAP lobbied Russia and China sufficiently to achieve a veto against the UNSC Resolutions that where but interference into Libyan and African Affairs. Neither the AU nor the PAP put forward viable plans to help the Libyan government to cope with the NATO led, commanded, financed and armed “rebels” as well as NATO and Qatari special forces. Neither the AU or PAP demanded an immediate UNSC Resolution to halt NATO´s aggression. Neither the AU nor the PAP responded urgently and persistently when reports of massacres on tens of thousands of black Africans became impossible to ignore. The massacres on black Africans in Libya, one could say, did not even escape the attention of the PAP fact finding mission. Neither the AU nor the PAP have demanded a full war crimes investigation about the total destruction of Sirte. neither the AU nor the PAP have yet demanded that NATO war criminals should be charged, and both failed to demand an immediate and full investigation and autopsy reports concerning Muammar Ghadafi. Neither the AU nor the PAP have protested against the colonialist proxy governments invitation of troops from 13 countries, including the USA, the UK, France and Qatar to continue the mass murder of Libyans. Were the AU and PAP representative of African Sentiment and Interests, would they not have asked how it can be, that the first African American President of the USA has been responsible for the murder of more black Africans than most of his Caucasian predecessors.\nWhen the Pan African Parliament and it´s members “blast” the African Union is is a syndrome that cripples both; years of Inter-African rivalry and failure to work towards a United Africa that stands in solidarity against all forms of colonialism.\nChristof Lehmann\nAbout nsnbc international\nnsnbc international is a daily, international online newspaper, established on 25 February 2013. nsnbc international is independent from corporate, state or foundation funding and independent with regards to political parties. nsnbc international is free to read and free to subscribe to, because the need for daily news, analysis and opinion, and the need for independent media is universal. The decision to make nsnbc international freely available was made so all, also those in countries with the lowest incomes, and those inflicted by poverty can access our daily newspaper. To keep it this way, however, we depend on your donation if you are in a position to donate a modest amount whenever you can or on a regular basis. Besides articles from nsnbc's regular contributors and staff writers, including nsnbc editor and founder Christof Lehmann, it features selected articles from other contributors through cooperation with media partners such as Global Research, The 4th Media, AltThaiNews Network and others.\nView all posts by nsnbc international →\nThis entry was posted in Africa, News, Politics and tagged Africa, African Affairs, african union, AU, christof lehmann, Colonialism, covering it´s own Failures, Dr. Christof Lehmann, Libya, libyan war, nsnbc, nsnbc-nsnbc, Pan African Parliament, PAP, PAP blasts AU over Libya, PAP Fact Finding Mission, United Nations, UNSC. Bookmark the permalink.\n3 Responses to PAP blasts AU over Libya, covering it´s own Failures.\nPingback: Libya, Syria, Iran, The Old Colonial Project in New Drag. | nsnbc\nPingback: Libyan Democracy: Elections After Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing. | nsnbc\nPingback: Amnesty and the NATO Cover-Up of War Crimes in Libya. | nsnbc","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1778953"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9860759377479553,"wiki_prob":0.9860759377479553,"text":"Afghan Air Force Pounds IS Targets In Eastern Province\nMay 08, 2017 11:17 GMT\nThe Afghan Interior Ministry says that the air strikes killed at least 34 Islamic State fighters. (file photo)\nAfghanistan's air force has pounded Islamic State (IS) targets in the eastern province of Nangarhar, where the extremist group's top commander was killed in a raid last month, Afghan authorities said.\nThe Interior Ministry said on May 8 that the air strikes killed at least 34 IS fighters over the past 24 hours and destroyed an IS radio station that had been illegally broadcasting the militant group's messages across the province.\nThe ministry said the air strikes targeted IS hideouts in the Nazyan and Achin districts.\nThe statement came after U.S. and Afghan officials announced on May 7 that a joint military operation last month killed Abdul Hasib, the IS chief in Nangarhar.\nHasib, who was appointed last year following the death of his predecessor Hafiz Saeed in a U.S drone strike, was killed in a raid by 50 U.S. Special Forces and 40 Afghan commandos, according to a joint statement by U.S. and Afghan armed forces.\nA statement released by Afghan President Ashraf Ghani's office also confirmed Hasib's death, adding that he was \"responsible for ordering the attack on the military hospital in Kabul that took place in March in which around 50 people were killed and many more wounded.\"\nMeanwhile, in a separate development, at least six militants were killed by a U.S. drone strike in central Wardak Province on May 8, Afghan media reported, citing local officials.\nAbdul Rahman Mangal, a spokesman for the provincial governor said \"local Taliban commanders\" were among those killed in the attack that targeted the militants in the provincial capital, Maidan Shahr.Mangal did not provide further details.\nBased on reporting by AP and tolonews.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line667248"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9268121719360352,"wiki_prob":0.9268121719360352,"text":"Lasiocampidae » Lasiocampinae\nOak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus\nPair • Banffshire, ssp. callunae • © Roy Leverton\nThe Oak Eggar, despite its name, does not feed on Oak, but is so-called because the shape of its cocoon is acorn-like. The foodplants are mainly heather (Calluna) and bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), but also include bramble (Rubus), Sallows (Salix), broom (Cytisus scoparius), sloe (Prunus spinosa), hawthorn (Crataegus), hazel (Corylus) and Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides).\nThe red-brown males fly during the day, especially in sunshine, whereas the larger, paler females are nocturnal and can be attracted to light. The normal flight period in lowland southern Britain is July to August, and in the north from late May to early July. Adults from northern moors, and some dunes and southern heaths, are often larger and darker than most southern forms.\nIn the north of Britain, development takes two years, in the south one year, with a zone in the Midlands and Welsh borders where it varies, probably with variation in the climate from year to year. Formerly, northern populations with a two-year cycle were given sub-specific status as the Northern eggar (Lasiocampa quercus callunae), but the situation is not as clear-cut as previously thought.\nThe larvae change considerably in appearance during development, and care should be taken not to confuse early instars with the larvae of other eggars (Trichiura, Eriogaster and Lasiocampa species). Fox moth (Macrothylacia rubi) and the Drinker (Euthrix potatoria) should be checked when identifying last instar larvae. Early instar larvae from moorlands are often duller, especially on the dorsum, than larvae from other habitats.\nWhen the two-year cycle is followed, larvae usually live from July to the September of the following year, and pupae overwinter from September to May. One-year cycle larvae usually live from September to May, with pupae in June. Rearing larvae indoors can accelerate development.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0000.json.gz/line1387882"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6225211024284363,"wiki_prob":0.6225211024284363,"text":"Battersea urges action on five-year sentences after Welsh man jailed for killing his dog\nBattersea Dogs & Cats Home has today renewed its call for tougher sentences for horrific cases of animal abuse and cruelty, after a Welsh farmer was jailed for 18 weeks for killing his sheepdog.\nTredegar man Graham Thomas was convicted of causing unnecessary suffering to Welsh Border Collie Prince after the dog failed to round up his flock of sheep correctly. Thomas reportedly hanged Prince from a large tree on his farm after witnesses saw him shouting and swearing at the dog. The RSPCA investigated and took him to court.\nAt the sentencing hearing yesterday (21 March), which followed Thomas's conviction on 12 March, Newport Magistrates' Court heard the offence was so serious that only a custodial sentence could be a suitable punishment and he was jailed for 18 weeks. He was also banned from keeping dogs and sheep for life and ordered to pay £750 prosecution costs and a £15 victim surcharge.\nThe news comes weeks after Westminster drafted a proposed amendment to the law on new legislation to increase the maximum sentence for animal cruelty in England and Wales to five years in prison. Battersea research shows England and Wales' current six-month maximum sentence for animal cruelty is the lowest in Europe.\nBattersea's Chief Executive, Claire Horton, said: “Shocking cases like this show how important it is to increase sentences for the most serious cases of animal cruelty.\n“Had this man been convicted of fly tipping, he could have been jailed for up to five years. Instead, he has escaped with just a few months in prison. We urge Westminster not to lose sight of this vital issue and to tighten up our laws as soon as possible.\"\nTo find out more about Battersea's sentencing campaign, visit www.battersea.org.uk/NotFunny.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line383828"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6790831685066223,"wiki_prob":0.6790831685066223,"text":"Are Emotions Universal?\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Rick Nauert, PhD on January 27, 2018\nA new research study investigates whether basic emotions are influenced by the environment or are genetically hardwired into all human beings.\nThe study, conducted from the University of London, compared people from Britain and Namibia. Findings suggest basic emotions such as amusement, anger, fear and sadness are shared by all humans.\nEverybody shares the vast majority of their genetic makeup with each other, meaning that most of our physical characteristics are similar. We all share other attributes, too, such as having complex systems of communication to convey our thoughts, feelings and the intentions of those around us, and we are all able to express a wide range of emotions through language, sounds, facial expressions and posture.\nHowever, the way that we communicate is not always the same – for example, people from different cultures may not understand the same words and phrases or body language.\nIn an attempt to find out if certain emotions are universal, researchers led by Professor Sophie Scott from University College London have studied whether the sounds associated with emotions such as happiness, anger, fear, sadness, disgust and surprise are shared among different cultures.\nThe results of their study, funded by the Wellcome Trust, Economic and Social Research Council, University of London Central Research Fund and UCL, are published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. They provide further evidence that such emotions form a set of basic, evolved functions that are shared by all humans.\nDr. Disa Sauter studied people from Britain and from the Himba, a group of over 20,000 people living in small settlements in northern Namibia as part of her PhD research at UCL. In the very remote settlements, where the data for the present study were collected, the individuals live completely traditional lives, with no electricity, running water, formal education, or any contact with people from other groups.\nParticipants in the study listened to a short story based around a particular emotion, for example, how a person is very sad because a relative of theirs had died recently. At the end of the story they heard two sounds – such as crying and of laughter – and were asked to identify which of the two sounds reflected the emotion being expressed in the story. The British group heard sounds from the Himba and vice versa.\n“People from both groups seemed to find the basic emotions – anger, fear, disgust, amusement, sadness and surprise – the most easily recognizable,” says Professor Scott, a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow.\n“This suggests that these emotions – and their vocalizations – are similar across all human cultures.”\nThe findings support previous research which showed that facial expressions of these basic emotions are recognized across a wide range of cultures. Despite the considerable variation in human facial musculature, the facial muscles that are essential to produce the basic emotions are constant across individuals, suggesting that specific facial muscle structures have likely evolved to allow individuals to produce universally recognizable emotional expressions.\nOne positive sound was particularly well recognized by both groups of participants: laughter. Listeners from both cultures agreed that laughter signified amusement, exemplified as the feeling of being tickled.\n“Tickling makes everyone laugh – and not just humans,” says Dr. Disa Sauter, who tested the Himba and English participants.\n“We see this happen in other primates such as chimpanzees, as well as other mammals. This suggests that laughter has deep evolutionary roots, possibly originating as part of playful communication between young infants and mothers.\n“Our study supports the idea that laughter is universally associated with being tickled and reflects the feeling of enjoyment of physical play.”\nPrevious studies have shown that smiling is universally recognized as a signal of happiness, raising the possibility that laughter is the auditory equivalent of smiles, both communicating a state of enjoyment.\nHowever, explains Professor Scott, it is possible that laughter and smiles are in fact quite different types of signals, with smiles functioning as a signal of generally positive social intent, whereas laughter may be a more specific emotional signal, originating in play.\nNot all positive sounds were easily recognizable to both cultures, however. Some, such as the sound of pleasure or achievement appear not to be shared across cultures, but are instead specific to a particular group or region.\nThe researchers believe this may be due to the function of positive emotions, which facilitate social cohesion between group members. Such bonding behavior may be restricted to in-group members with whom social connections are built and maintained.\nHowever, it may not be desirable to share such signals with individuals who are not members of one’s own cultural group.\nSource: Wellcome Trust","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line968234"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5044125914573669,"wiki_prob":0.49558740854263306,"text":"FODDER YEAST GROWN ON RUM DISTILLERY STILLAGE AS A PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT FOR LAYER HENS\nVol. 69 No. 3 (1985), Research Notes\nMarelita Sosa\nSosa, M., & Randel, P. F. (1985). FODDER YEAST GROWN ON RUM DISTILLERY STILLAGE AS A PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT FOR LAYER HENS. The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 69(3), 435-437. https://doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v69i3.7372\nMoisés Díaz-Medina, Paul F. Randel, Dried Rum Distillery Stillage in Laying Rations , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 62 No. 2 (1978): Vol. 62, No. 2, April 1978\nJosé Pantoja, Angel A. Custodio, Paul F. Randel, Silvia Cianzio, Bernardino Rodríguez, Milk production and somatic ceil count in complete lactations in dairy herds in Puerto Rico , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 80 No. 3 (1996): Vol. 80, No. 3, July 1996\nPaul F. Randel, Comparison of concentrate feeds with different levels of SynerMax® inclusion for dairy cows , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 89 No. 1-2 (2005): Vol. 89, No. 1-2, January - April 2005\nPaul F. Randel, Complete rations containing coarsely chopped or ground hay for dairy cows in confinement vs. conventional grazing , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 75 No. 3 (1991): Vol. 75, No. 3, July 1991\nIsamari Soto, Teodoro M. Ruiz, Paul F. Randel, SUPLEMENTACIÓN A VACAS LECHERAS DE TRANSICIÓN CON CALCIO EN FORMA DE GEL PARA PREVENIR LA HIPOCALCEMIA , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 102 No. 1-2 (2018): Vol. 102, No. 1-2, 2018\nPaul F. Randel, SUPLEMENTACIÓN CON LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA Y CONSUMO VOLUNTARIO DE HENO DE GRAMÍNEAS TROPICALES POR VACUNOS LECHEROS , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 91 No. 3-4 (2007): Vol. 91, No. 3-4, July - October 2007\nPaul F. Randel, John Fernández-Van Cleve, Confinement Feeding of Dairy Cows Based on Stargrass as Green Chopped Fodder or Hay , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 72 No. 2 (1988): Vol. 72, No. 2, April 1988\nPaul F. Randel, Ad Libitum Feeding of Either a Complete Ration Based on Sugarcane Bagasse or a Conventional Concentrates Mixture to Dairy Cows , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 54 No. 3 (1970): Vol. 54, No. 3, July 1970\nPaul F. Randel, LEVADURA TORULA CULTIVADA EN MOSTO DE DESTILERÍA DE RON COMO PUENTE PROTEICA PARA GALLINAS PONEDORAS , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 81 No. 1-2 (1997): Vol. 81, No. 1-2, January - April 1997\nPaul F. Randel, Adam M. Christman, AROMA AND FLAVOR ENHANCERS IN A LIQUID FEED SUPPLEMENT CONTAINING 90% OF LIQUID STREPTOMYCES SOLUBLES , The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico: Vol. 86 No. 3-4 (2002): Vol. 86, No. 3-4, July - October 2002\n<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >>","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1493401"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6833789348602295,"wiki_prob":0.3166210651397705,"text":"I Became the Young Villain’s Sister-In-Law\nTranslated by Translated by lipzoldyck\nAh, the lunch was fantastic.\nIt’s a little hard to say that with my own mouth, but it was dope anyway. There was no smell of meat, and the fish was not fishy. Calib was dozing off with a relaxed face, also completely satisfied.\nI cleared the table and handed him a warm herbal tea. It was there when I was cleaning out the cupboard earlier. Unfortunately, the cocoa couldn’t be seen anywhere whether I ran out of it yesterday or not.\n“It’s chamomile.”\nHowever, Calib didn’t care as if he was more familiar with herbal tea.\nTo think that he’s a kid who’s more familiar with herbal tea than cocoa…\nSomehow, something felt odd.\nMoments later, Calib was sipping chamomile tea and cautiously opened his mouth. “Why didn’t Ellia… aren’t you going to ask me anything?”\n“Why am I here alone, am I really the Grand Young Lord, aren’t there any other people around… You can even ask questions.” Calib grabbed his warm mug and gazed upon me.\nAh, right.\nYesterday passed like a storm and I completely forgot about it. I pondered for a moment on what to answer, and then I decided to just look around. “Well, I’m curious, but… before that, it was more necessary to calm down first.”\n“Calm down… You say?”\n“Yep. You’d be very shocked too. And when you get a little bit better, I wondered if you could tell me vaguely.”\n“So you’re waiting for me to be okay… Well, um, thanks.” He shut his lips as he tried to say thank you.\nI think I remember I said he didn’t have to thank each and every one of them. Phew, it would’ve hurt my conscience if I had been greeted with words of thanks.\nWith that thought in mind, I flashed my smile at Calib once.\nCalib, who stared blankly at my face, said as if he was bewitched.\n“Ellia is… fascinating.”\n“Hm? Fascinating, you say?”\n“Yeah. It’s as if you’ve known me for a long time. Is it because of a child named… Yoonie? I wish I were.”\nI was speechless for a moment.\nObviously, the part where I feel more familiar with him because of Yoonie is correct. But his words aren’t wrong. I read the original novel, that’s why I know the past as well as the future of Calib.\n“In contrast to Ellia, I keep getting curious about Ellia for some reason.”\n“You’re curious about me?”\n“Yes. But if it’s that way, I’ll have to… tell you my story first, right?” Calib looked confused.\nTo be honest, after knowing the young villain’s story, I don’t want to get involved anymore. But now it seems to me that Calib wants to step out and tell his story. Being curious about me is moderately a good excuse.\nThen I looked at Calib quietly, gave him a friendly gaze.\nPerhaps he had gained courage, Calib licked his tiny lips. “Maybe I… It would’ve been better for me to die by the wolf like that yesterday.”\n“What? What kind of nonsense…”\n“Because I have an older brother, you know.”\nI shut my mouth and looked down, mad at Calib’s words.\nCalib’s older brother, Cedric Kedyssel Indigentia. I knew him too.\n“Even though my brother is adopted and has not even a drop of family blood mixed… Even so, he’s family.”\nIn the midst of the fact that brothers would pay no mind to each other, they had an unrivaled relationship.\n“And I like him very much. I respect him because he’s a very talented genius.”\nHe was so outstanding that he was called an ‘adopter’ and was given full support by his vassals. So much that he was mentioned as the next Grand Duke.\n“He’s a very bold person, incomparable to anyone like me. But he keeps trying to make me the Grand Duke.”\n“Isn’t that good? He acknowledges you.” To comfort Calib, who had low self-esteem, I deliberately pretended not to know.\nBut Calib shook his head with a gloomy face. “Actually… Brother is cursed.”\n“Curse, you say?”\n“Last year. He happened to be cursed by a bad fairy. It’s a dreadful curse that will make him slowly fall into an eternal sleep and never wake up again.”\nI swallowed dry saliva, nervous.\nBecause this curse was the trigger for Calib to become a villain.\nCedric’s curse was the curse that Daphne, the female lead of [I Won’t Put You To Sleep This Time], threw out in order to protect the male lead, Renoir.\nThe bad fairy put a curse on him to sleep forever in revenge for not being invited on his birthday. And the regressed female lead repelled this curse to protect the male lead. The two of them fell in love. That was the story of [I Won’t Put You To Sleep This Time].\nAfter hearing Calib’s story, I realized the timeline of when I possessed this body.\nBefore the female lead saved the male lead, Cedric got cursed…\nLater, his brother slept forever due to the curse. Then Calib…\nI got dizzy.\nSooner or later, the world will be in chaos because of the villain Calib. He took a hand in the forbidden black magic and combined it with his gravity magic, the most powerful magic in the worldview. He became the strongest and worst villain, driving the imperial family to the brink of destruction.\nCalib continued in a gloomy voice, “This curse… It is said that only the caster can solve it. But we still haven’t been able to figure out where the bad fairy is.”\nI gulped again.\nCalib was cursed last year and Calib is 7 now…\nThe bad fairy will soon reappear because they need to kidnap the female lead. The problem is, however, even after the caster bad fairy appeared, it didn’t lift Cedric’s curse.\nThe bad guy kidnapped the female lead, and what happened after that?\nDeath penalty.\nOf course, after the bad fairy was caught, Calib went to the male lead and begged to please give some time for Cedric’s curse to be lifted. Even so, the male lead’s brain had already whirled. He didn’t grant Calib’s plea and ordered execution.\nThe only being who would remove Cedric’s curse disappeared with the dew of death.\nI was thinking of the original story when Calib muttered. “There is a place called the ‘Sanctuary of Knowledge’. It’s where all the knowledge of the world is.”\nI knew it.\nWhenever the female lead ran into troubles, she drew hints from it and eventually worked out the case.\n“In the Epricent Empire, only the imperial family and three chosen families can enter.”\nThe family of villains, Indigentia; the family of the female lead, Marinest; and another family were the central figures.\n“But no matter how many families are allowed to enter, the ‘Sanctuary of Knowledge’ is not a place that anyone can go to.”\nIf my memory is correct, you can only go if you inherit the family lineage or become the head of the household.\nOr if you can prove your loyalty to your family.\n“The fastest way for my adoptive brother to get to the ‘Sanctuary of Knowledge’ is to become the head of the family.”\nStill, in the original story, Cedric eventually put Calib on the throne and fell into an eternal sleep.\n“That’s why I… I don’t want to be the Grand Duke.”\n“Because your brother needs to become the Grand Duke so that he can go to the ‘Sanctuary of Knowledge’?”\n“Yes.” Calib shook his head, replied softly.\nIt was a pitiful look that made my heart ache.\nHe mumbled, “If I can’t lift Brother’s curse, I… What will happen to me?”\n‘You.. You won’t be able to overcome the sadness of losing your only brother who cared for you in the family and you will turn into a villain.’\nThe obvious future swelled up to the tip of my neck.\n“Can I really endure it alone?”\n‘No, you can’t stand it.’\nA sense of helplessness, knowing how to break the curse but letting his brother fall into an eternal sleep. He felt guilty that he couldn’t even go to the ‘Sanctuary of Knowledge’ because he had surpassed his older brother and became the Grand Duke.\nThe glares of the greedy vassals trying to purify the mixed-blood…\nCalib, who became the Grand Duke at the age of only 8, was completely broken and crumbling.\nAnd in order to revive his older brother who only cared for him in Calib’s whole life, he even touched the forbidden black magic and fell.\nI’m fully aware of Calib’s future.\nSo, to get away from him as soon as possible, I promised to send him back when the wounds are healed.\n“I… I’m afraid that I will lose my brother like this, or that I should let him go.” I saw Calib putting his mug down and burying his face in his small palm. “It’s so scary.”\nWhen I first met him, I saw Calib who was mentally preoccupied enough to confide in me.\n“I would rather have been cursed.”\nThe promise I had been struggling with was overshadowed and I wanted to comfort him. Calib’s shoulders were shaking uncontrollably.\nThis child is a character in the story, the young villain. There’s nothing good about him being involved with an extra.\nHe’s not Yoonie. He’s someone else.\nNo matter how hard I tried to think about that, I couldn’t stand watching his small shoulders tremble. I hugged his small body tightly and muttered. “…There must be a way. Your brother will be fine. He can live with Calib for a long, long time.”\n“I’ll help you too.”\nThe original story is already destined.\nAs an extra, I know I can’t change the plot.\nBut still… For now, I just wanted to comfort Calib.\nA week has passed since then.\nLate in the morning, Calib woke up to a heavy feeling on his chest.\nIt was none other than Ellia’s arm that was pressing on his chest.\nFor the past week, every night, Ellia fell asleep holding Calib tightly as if she was hugging someone dear to her.\n‘…Today is warm too.’\nThere were no heating magic tools in the bed, but the night breeze flew in through the window. Even though the tip of his nose was tinged by the cold air, Calib’s heart was warmer than ever.\n‘I never knew that sleeping in someone’s arms is so warm.’\nOf course, in comparison, it’s more uncomfortable than sleeping alone.\nNevertheless, it’s…\n‘It feels stable.’\nEllia, whom he looked up at, was still asleep. And she still looked friendly. This gentle face not even once got angry with Calib.\n‘Rather, as if spring has come, she has become warmer and more affectionate.’\nThe expressions Calib saw in the Grand Duke’s Castle were cold and sharp. It was impossible to even dream of talking with someone with such a friendly expression like recently.\nHe knew why the vassals hated him so much.\n‘A child who killed his parents.’\nWhenever Cedric was absent, the vassals united and slandered Calib. As a result, he himself felt as if he was the culprit behind everything.\n‘Actually, they didn’t have to come to find me. I already had an older brother who was an excellent successor…’\nObviously, Cedric told Calib all the time that he’d never be the successor.\n‘Brother is really kind. He always comforts me with kindness.’\nCedric was the only reason Calib could hold out this much. If he thinks about how Cedric is cursed and one day, he’ll fall into an eternal sleep…\nCalib shuddered at his thoughts.\nlipzoldyck\nsupport me on ko-fi for faster updates <3","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line394487"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7527620196342468,"wiki_prob":0.7527620196342468,"text":"Murderers Decorated With Medals\nPolitics / US Politics Feb 21, 2013 - 10:31 AM GMT\nLaurence M. Vance writes: \"Murder decorated with a ribbon is still murder.\" ~ Emmanuel Charles McCarthy\nIn my previous article (\"Hero or Murderer?\") I said that a soldier from a country thousands of miles away who travels to the United States and kills Americans is a murderer. But I also said that American soldiers who do the same thing are not heroes but murderers. I said that foreign soldiers should not be excused no matter who told them to go or why they went. But I also said that American soldiers should not be excused either.\nAside from a few comments that said I was \"filled with hate\" or \"a totally f**ked up anti-American,\" I received a few sincere inquiries about my statement that we shouldn’t excuse foreign soldiers because they were drafted.\nSo, what if a soldier is drafted? Should we hold draftees to the same standard as those who voluntarily enlist? Are conscripts not accountable or less accountable than those who sent them to war? Can we hold soldiers responsible for actions done under fear of punishment, imprisonment, or death? A few brief thoughts.\nFirst of all, when people raise the issue of soldiers being drafted, it is usually in the context of excusing American soldiers from killing in unjust wars. Conscripted foreign fighters are rarely accorded the same consideration. And no wonder, for no one wants to be seen as excusing Nazi atrocities. But murder is still murder. If it is murder when foreign soldiers do it, then it is murder when American soldiers do it.\nSecond, the draft ended in the United States in 1973. Since murder is still murder, hypothetical questions about the draft are irrelevant when U.S. troops have been fighting in Afghanistan longer than they fought in World War II. The chances of the draft being reinstituted are next to nothing, despite the efforts of Rep. Charles Rangel, who wants to not only reinstate the draft, but include women in it as well. And besides, no draft is needed. All the branches of the armed forces have met their enlistment quotas for several years now. There is no shortage of Americans willing to invade, occupy, and kill for the state should they be told to do so once in the military.\nThird, I certainly agree with those who say we should blame the president, the politicians, the ruling class, the neoconservatives, the Joint Chiefs, the military brass, the defense contractors, and the Congress for sending U.S. soldiers to fight unjust foreign wars, as if a foreign war could be just. But draft or no draft, I have nothing but contempt for the architects of U.S. foreign wars, the presidents who instigate or continue these wars, the neocons who welcome these wars, the liberals who defend these wars (when a Democratic president is conducting them), the conservatives who defend these wars (when a Republican president is conducting them), the military officers who use these wars to advance their careers while not actually doing any fighting themselves, the Congressmen who vote to fund these wars, the defense contractors who profit from these wars, and the Christians who pray for the troops in these wars. They are all moral monsters, and are accomplices to murder. But that doesn’t change that fact that since murder is still murder, soldiers who do the actual killing are still murderers.\nFourth, if your family were on the receiving end of foreign troops bombing, shooting, maiming, and killing, would it matter to you if they were drafted? Does it make the death of your family less horrible? Would it be comforting to know that the killers of your family were drafted? I don’t think so. Murder is still murder. The question, then, is why are Americans so quick to excuse U.S. soldiers should they be drafted? How do you think foreigners feel that lose family members because of U.S. bombs and bullets?\nFifth, if the U.S. government drafted someone into the military, told him to kill your father, and he did it, would you feel sorry for him because he was drafted? Would you try to find excuses for his actions? Again, I don’t think so. Murder is still murder. And again, why are Americans so quick to excuse U.S. soldiers should they travel overseas to kill someone else’s father just because they were drafted?\nSixth, consider the following scenarios? What would your response be if representatives of the U.S. government, members of the Bloods or the Crips, a policeman, or just some individual puts a gun in your hand and tells you to kill a member of your family? I can’t imagine anyone who would do it. But what if one of the same groups or individuals puts a gun in your hand and tells you to kill some other American that you didn’t know? I still have a hard time imagining anyone actually doing it. But what if in each instance you had a gun to your head and were told to kill or be killed? I would like to think that most everyone would take a bullet to the head rather than kill a member of his own family. I’m not so sure, however, what would happen in the latter case. But since murder is still murder, the proper moral response would be to do what was right and suffer the consequences; that is, to take the bullet. Now, I said all that to say this. What would the proper moral response be if someone were to be drafted, given a uniform, handed a gun, sent to fight in an unjust conflict, and put in a situation where he must kill or be killed? I say to take the bullet. But really, it doesn’t have to go this far. The draft can be opposed. The uniform can be torn up. The gun can be thrown away. The trip overseas can be refused. But if all of this resistance comes to naught, then the proper moral response is, again, to take the bullet. Does wearing a uniform, traveling to another country, killing someone you don’t know, or committing murder because you are threatened with death make murder not murder?\nAnd seventh, if murder is still murder and fighting in an unjust war is criminal, then soldiers who participate in it are war criminals and murderers. The real military heroes are those who refuse to kill for the state in immoral, unjust wars, not those who become decorated war heroes. As Emmanuel Charles McCarthy has also said: \"There is no such thing as heroism in the execution of evil.\"\nMurder is still murder.\nLaurence M. Vance [send him mail] writes from central Florida. He is the author of Christianity and War and Other Essays Against the Warfare State, The Revolution that Wasn't, and Rethinking the Good War. His latest book is The Quatercentenary of the King James Bible. Visit his website.\nhttp://www.lewrockwell.com\n© 2013 Copyright Laurence M. Vance - All Rights Reserved\nlewrockwell Archive","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line392119"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5455574989318848,"wiki_prob":0.5455574989318848,"text":"An Evening At La Bombeta\nThink how eating out happens in the UK. Now consider how it happens in the suburbs of Barcelona – the suburb in question being the port area of Barceloneta.\nThe place to go for tapas in Barceloneta is La Bombeta on Carrer Maquinista, which is just off the area’s main street, Passeig Joan de Borbó. The speciality of this particular house is Bombas, which are a kind of potato and meat ball with spicy sauce. It’s in the comfort food category.\nBut there are the usual regional staples: Pan amb Tomaquet (bread smeared in tomato, oil and garlic) is an almost obligatory side order. Skewers of meat, and smoked sausage, are other popular choices. And the place is busy.\nHow busy? I got there at about 1945 hours, and that is a good latest time to arrive. Soon, every table was taken, and outside, punters waited patiently. Many came into the restaurant and ordered wine and beer, which was then taken outside and sipped as the drinkers waited for a table.\nNot the kind of scene you would find in many parts of the UK. And was it pricy? Heck, no: a good feed including vino – there has to be vino – came in at under fifteen Euro.\nCracking stuff. No doubt there will be more tomorrow.\nPosted by Tim Fenton at 20:46 No comments:\nLabels: Europe, Food, Travel\nIn The Catalan Dusk\nThis week, Zelo Street is in Barcelona. Arrival – thanks to an EasyJet captain who had to step in at short notice, and really did give it his best shot – was in the mellow late afternoon, with the accommodation (yes, with very good Internet access) reached just after dusk.\nWalking, even with hand baggage, is definitely the right thing to do in this part of the world: the traffic is horrendous out in Barceloneta at present, and parking is either equally expensive, or non-existent.\nI’ll try and update the blog at least daily during the week, with the usual mix of subjects, and maybe a few topical items. Meanwhile, if you can spare twelve minutes, the following video has Jon Stewart’s speech from the Rally To Restore Sanity, which I covered earlier today.\nLabels: Europe, Travel\nSanity Is Restored\nThe Rally To Restore Sanity is over. Yesterday, the National Mall was packed solid with people being, well, reasonable. Folks came from all over the USA: buses, trains and planes were sold out well in advance, and vacant hotel rooms anywhere near DC were either non-existent, or very expensive. The HuffPo put on two hundred buses to take 10,000 attendees from New York.\nHow popular was the gathering? One direct comparison with a previous event came from CBS News, who had earlier estimated the turnout from the “Restoring Honor” rally at 87,000, that being the shameless attempt to hijack the legacy of Martin Luther King by Glenn Beck, increasingly wayward “star” of Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse).\nCBS put the attendance of yesterday’s event at 215,000 – well over twice the number that had come to see Beck and probable GOP 2012 hopeful Sarah Palin. That the Rally To Restore Sanity was hosted by Jon Stewart and Steven Colbert, who appear on Comedy Central, yet are taken more seriously than much of the MSM in the US, should not be lost on anyone.\nStewart’s closing speech, following on an afternoon of comedy and music, was heartfelt and memorable. You can read it in full at the foot of this posting. Whether the 24-hour media machine pays any attention is another thing.\nLabels: Press and Media, USA\nThe Vote Approaches\nNext Tuesday is Mid Term Election day in the USA. The results are not expected to be good overall for the Democrats, though not as bad as in 1994 when Bill Clinton got his wake up call. All of the House is up for election, and some of the Senate (the latter is on a six year cycle, rather than two).\nYou can see how the various Senate, House and Gubernatorial races are shaping up HERE.\nBut there are already rumblings coming from the right. Voter fraud is being alleged, which appears strange given that the same right wing is in the lead in so many races. There is method in this madness, though: any close race – and the outcome for the Senate may be very close indeed – that does not go the way of the GOP instantly becomes a target for conspiracy theories.\nThe accusations of Democrat led fraud have already been debunked, but they keep on coming, with the issue of voter suppression being largely ignored. This time round, there is no ACORN to demonise, but a target will be found. And in the vanguard of whipping up voter fraud allegations? As MMFA have shown, this is a continuing speciality of Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse).\nLabels: Politics, Press and Media, USA\nAnother Weather Event\nThose exceptional weather events just keep on coming, and for some reason unknown to the climate change denial lobby, they seem to be coming more often over time. Yesterday’s beneficiary of exceptional weather was the city of Lisbon, where three inches (71mm) of rain fell in 24 hours, most of it late morning, coinciding with a high tide.\nThe effect, as the various video clips in this link show, was that the central Baixa area of the city was flooded up to a depth of around half a metre, or well over a foot and a half. Buses appear to have tried to carry on, but one Metro line had to close, and I suspect the trams took their own rain check.\nI’m told that more rain is forecast for the area. Lisbon in the rain is an occasional hazard in the autumn and winter months, but yesterday’s downpour and high tide produced something rather more than exceptional. It’s not just a coincidence.\nLabels: Climate, Europe\nPower Bill – It Pays To Shop Around\nHere in the UK, ordinary folks get to shop around for the best deal on their power supplier – electricity mainly, but also gas. But what if you’re in a rather bigger league – for instance, buying traction power for a rail network? Well, there are savings to be made there – and they add up to over a million Euro per year, even for the smaller buyers.\nAs infrastructure and operations have been separated on rail networks across Europe, we have got used to RFF as well as SNCF in France, Adif as well as Renfe in Spain, and Refer as well as CP in Portugal. And Refer have been putting their traction power contracts out to tender recently.\nEven so, Refer provide less than half the traction power for their own network. Somehow, when train and track got separated, operator CP retained the (then) substation network. Only subsequently built substations belong to Refer, which must make for interesting calculations on cost allocation, especially now that the power returned to the wire – regenerated – is also part of the mix.\nHigh voltage, big business\nHow much did Refer save on their annual electricity bill? Following the tendering process, the annual saving is claimed to be 1.2 million Euro. That has been achieved by switching from home supplier EDP to Spanish provider Iberdrola. Not to be outdone, CP claims that it has also made savings through renegotiating supply deals, to the tune of 2.2 million Euro annually.\nThat’s a saving worth making. For the much larger networks of countries like the UK, it would be interesting to see if the idea catches on.\nLabels: Europe, Rail Travel\nCut Off Nose – Spite Face\nAfter a discussion with a Zelo Street regular about civil service goings on in Merseyside, the impression is given that there may be an ideological edge to the spending cuts, as some have suggested.\nThe latest investigation by the Beeb’s Panorama strand looked into the behaviour of “rogue” landlords, the availability of source material suggesting that the spirit of Peter Rachman lives on across the UK.\nFortunately – until now – there has been a civil service unit on the trail of the new Rachmans. My contact goes to the football (Everton, in this case) with one of the Merseyside section called John, whose colleagues target the more serious larcenists and racketeers.\nJohn’s group has one advantage over many other Government departments: it’s effectively self financing, as they recover large amounts of housing benefit, or prevent it being paid out and siphoned off for the benefit of organised criminality. It might be thought that this kind of public service would be left well alone by the wave of spending cuts.\nBut that, it seems, would be wrong: John and his team have recently been handed what are called “first stage” notices: volunteers for redundancy are being sought – with the added incentive of better terms – but if there are not enough takers, the job losses will be compulsory, and the terms worse.\nJohn and his colleagues are not being informed why there should be cutbacks, especially given the valuable work they do in preventing fraud and recovering money. What is the game here, if not one of cutting for the sake of ideology?\nYikes Chaps, It’s Still There!\nFirst there was Brian Haw, protesting against sanctions, and later war, against Iraq. Then came the “Peace Camp”, a gathering of those objecting to the continuing involvement of the UK in conflicts abroad. Both of these were camped out in Parliament Square, across the road from the legislature.\nMore recently, those in the right leaning side of the blogosphere made adverse comment on those involved. The usual comments asking why these folks were not gainfully employed were followed by remarks about the smell around the square, though those urging action against the protestors stopped short of suggesting that suffrage be made conditional on regular bathing and clean underwear.\nEventually, calls were made for the mayoralty to exercise its power and clear the site. So it was that Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson, occasional Mayor of London and regular collector of “chicken feed” from the Maily Telegraph, went into Action Man mode and commanded that Parliament Square be cleared of protestors.\nUnder the gaze of Winshton and LG\nBut – and there is inevitably a but in such matters – even though Bozza had the grassy area not only cleared, but fenced off (so nobody could use it), Brian Haw and the Peace Camp have not gone away: they have merely decamped to the pavement outside the fence.\nHaw's protest (left) and the Peace Camp (right)\nThe array of Haw’s banners has been reduced, but he and the anti-war protest remain in place. Added to these has come a protest apparently aimed at freemasons, this on the south side of the square. This, too, does not look as if it is for moving on any time soon.\n\"This is just the beginning!\"\nSo where are the calls for further action? And when is the green space of Parliament Square to be made available to the public once more? It might not earn him much in the way of additional “chicken feed”, but for Bozza, showing some leadership on the issue – without curtailing the right to protest – would not come amiss.\nLabels: London, Politics\nSection 44 – Heat But No Light\nJust occasionally, the now free Evening Standard throws up a nugget of valuable information, and yesterday’s paper brought a good example.\nUnder Section 44 of the Terrorism Act, the police have been stopping and searching a lot of folks. In fact, in the year to April 2010, that was over 100,000 people – 101,248 to be precise. So how much terrorism was unearthed as a result of this endeavour?\nWell, as the Standard has reported, there were 506 arrests, or about half of one per cent of all those stopped. But none of the arrests was for a terrorist related offence. Zero. Zilch. Nada.\nThe impression is given that legislation has been passed into law merely to appease certain parts of the Fourth Estate (including the Standard under its previous ownership), and to make it look as if something is being done.\nSo maybe it’s time to repeal this one.\nLabels: Policing, Press and Media\nNational Public Ruckus\nIt was, at first, a straightforward event: Juan Williams, who worked partly for National Public Radio (NPR), was sacked for saying that seeing Muslims on planes made him nervous. However, that he did so in a broadcast by his other employer, Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse) was always going to make things messy.\nSince Williams lost one of his two jobs, Fox have milked the event, and a number of right leaning pundits have lined up to demand the end of public funding for NPR, rather in the manner of their counterparts in the UK calling for the dismantling of the BBC for daring to present the news in a manner which displeases them.\nAnd Fox have now given Williams a substantial pay rise, with his two year contract worth a reported two million bucks. The problem is, of course, that they can no longer present Williams as “NPR News Political Analyst”, which is Fox’ way of telling their audience that they really do the fair and balanced thing.\nBut in the meantime, the manipulation of the Williams dismissal by NPR for the means of Muslim bashing has continued apace. On Tuesday’s Daily Show (video available on 4OD HERE), Jon Stewart and his team presented a number of clips of Fox talking heads, with pride of place going to the rhetorical question “Is NPR an agent of a jihadi inquisition?”\nYes, someone actually put that forward as a serious talking point. Only on Fox. Because, as MSNBC’s Rachel Maddow has shown in this clip, there is a difference between Fox and other news networks – all the others may be expressing opinions, but only Fox is organising against the Government.\nWith a coincidence which must have brought back painful memories, as the Government’s spending review was being digested by local authorities and public sector workers around the country, BBC4 broadcast the last episode of Alan Bleasdale’s Boys From The Blackstuff, set against a backdrop of early 1980s Liverpool, a once great city then in sad and apparently terminal decline.\nIn George’s Last Ride, we see former union firebrand George Malone sent home from hospital to spend his last days with his family. Son Chrissie pushes the wheelchair bound George around the former docks, past derelict factories and warehouses, as his father reminiscences about the past. Chrissie helps him out of his chair and George stands up to look out over a waterfront which saw its last ship dock many years ago.\nAnd then George dies.\nBleasdale uses the event to make a symbolic point: in the 1950s, Liverpool’s population was 770,000. By the time the series was broadcast, it had fallen to around half a million, and fell yet further. All that many outside the area saw of the city was rioting, militancy, and yet more unemployment.\nFerry Cross The Mersey\nBut in the past two decades, Liverpool has slowly got off its knees, and the city has reinvented itself. Those docks that had stood derelict have been transformed and reclaimed. New jobs have come. Liverpool is well established on the tourist trail. The city centre has been renewed. But there is one drawback: 40% of the city’s jobs are in the public sector.\nYes, cars are still built at Halewood and over the river at Ellesmere Port, but far less are employed here than thirty years ago. The private sector would be starting from such a low base that it could not absorb significant public sector job losses, according to the Chamber of Commerce’s CEO.\nThere are those on the right leaning part of the political spectrum who will, now as in the 80s, tell that Liverpool is a basket case which should be left to decline. In support of this view will come the usual uninformed characterisation of Merseysiders, supposedly authoritative think tank studies, and exposition of yet more of the economics that failed us in the 30s and 80s.\nBut that would be to miss the point: this is not about cheering on the right against the left, and nor is it about whether one economic ideology is superior to any other. It is, ultimately, about tens of thousands of real people, living real lives, with real hopes and fears about the future. For the inhabitants of Liverpool, that most human of people, the figures on a Treasury spreadsheet could bring the cruellest of news.\nLabels: Business, Politics\nTough On Immigration ... Or Maybe Not\nFirst to go was the ending of free school milk, which was hardly a major policy initiative. There was bound to be more, shall we say, flexibility in the Coalition approach, and so it has proved. Yesterday, Corporal Clegg went on The Andy Marr Show (tm) and signalled a cap on tuition fees, and today it has been Young Dave’s turn.\nImmigration – the Tories were determined to get tough on it. They wasted no opportunity to tell how Labour had employed an open door policy, and how that door would be firmly closed. But now, Cameron, in a speech to the CBI, has moved to modify the coming points based system before it has even started.\nThe Coalition is going to take a “flexible approach”. What that? Well, that part was not made clear. But Dave did say that the Government would not “impede” businesses from employing the “best talent”. And that is, well, clear as mud. Are we to have a strict points based system, with a cap on total immigration, or what?\nEven if, as the Maily Telegraph has headlined, the flexibility is only a “hint”, this looks like there will be exceptions to the supposedly strict rules. What are they? Is there some kind of exemption list being drawn up? Or is it simply that when businesses shout loudly enough, they will be allowed to by-pass the system?\nThis needs to be thought through, discussed fully, and then formalised. Otherwise it’s not good enough. Again.\nTravelling Hopefully – 2\nLast month, I noted that Crewe and Nantwich MP Edward Timpson had urged consideration of using Crewe Works for refurbishment work. At the time, I wondered whether he knew the current state of the complex, and, now that an update on that front has been received from a source at the Works, I am sure he does not.\nMy assumption in that previous post was that the Works was still capable of refurbishing rail vehicles. However, that is no longer the case, following the closure some months ago of 10 Shop, which will be familiar to Channel 4 viewers as the location of a live debate just before the 2008 by-election.\nMoreover, my information is that 10 Shop has been cleared of machinery, so the idea that Bombardier Transportation might be angling for refurbishment work appears less than plausible. It would be interesting to know how our MP has been caused to believe otherwise.\nAlso, the ability to move any kind of rail vehicle around the Works has been effectively lost as key equipment has been decommissioned and dismantled. The buildings to the east of the wheel shop – the only part of the site still with regular work – were demolished recently.\nThe rail link into the Works has not been used for many months, and whether it is usable any more I doubt, especially as debris from the recent wall collapse is still strewn across it. If not, any vehicles to be worked on would have to be brought in and out by road.\nAs I posted previously, it would not just be our MP who would be happy to see more done at the Works: more jobs are always welcome in this part of the country. But the sad reality is that, right now, the Works has ceased to do repair and refurbishment work, and is not in a position to do any more.\nLabels: Crewe and Nantwich, Politics, Rail Travel\nAlas, Poor Christopher\nTime was – as recently as January this year – that when you looked at the Maily Telegraph homepage of a Sunday, the “Comment and Blogs” headlines would include the latest dubiously crafted screed from Christopher Booker. How things have changed for the Great Man – and not for the better.\nToday, Booker’s comment piece is neither signposted at the outset, nor given any prominence on the Comment homepage. The subject is out of the usual Booker hate list – today’s is trying to paint a picture of EU takeover of the Royal Navy – but over time the columns convince less and less.\nAnd the hundreds of commenters have dwindled to a couple of dozen (correct at 1855 hours). Yes, I considered most of those who responded to Booker’s more popular rants to be certifiable, but the columns were popular nevertheless.\nPerhaps the lack of prominence is a hint by Telegraph editorial staff. I’ll give it until the end of March.\nLabels: Press and Media\nEnd Of The Spill? Maybe Not\nBack in July, I noted that oil was no longer spilling into the Gulf Of Mexico from the well involved in the Deepwater Horizon accident, and that there was cautious optimism over the dispersion of the remaining oil. That optimism may have been unfounded.\nBecause there is still a lot of oil out in the Gulf, according to those fishing the waters. That discovery was made last Friday: a large orange slick of weathered oil was moving towards marshes in the Mississippi delta. The prospect of having to close fishing areas that had only recently been reopened is not a welcome one.\nMoreover, this is the time of year that millions of migrating birds head to the Gulf. So it was good to hear that the Coast Guard got on the case swiftly, but their conclusion – that the orange substance was only algae – did not impress the fishers, some of whom are having their own lab samples tested.\nAs one of them put it, “I’ve never seen algae that looked orange, that was sticky, smelt like oil and that stuck to the boat and had to be cleaned off with solvent”.\nCould be a little too early to celebrate.\nLabels: Business, USA\nSuburban Selloff?\nWhen Good Old British Rail (tm) was taken apart with unseemly haste in the mid 90s, operators in mainland Europe looked on, and most decided not to follow the UK any time soon. However, there have been moves to bring new entrants into the rail travel market in Germany, the Netherlands and elsewhere.\nNow the Government in Lisbon has decided to dip a toe in the water, with the city’s commuter network, and I expect that their counterparts in Madrid may be watching. Why? Well, in both Spain and Portugal – to the frustration of travellers from the UK – rail travel is not just rail travel.\nCommuter services are run as a separate operation to Regional and Inter-Regional ones. Long distance services have two separate brands in Portugal, and in Spain ... there are so many brandings for them that I’ve lost count. All the various operations issue their own tickets, for use on their own services only.\nSo any one of those train types is already a self contained profit centre. The claim is that Lisbon’s Urbanos are covering 90% of their costs, and they would be making a profit, if only fares had not been held down for the past two years. But I don’t buy that: the costs being covered cannot include a full market rate for track access, and there is no way that the cost of the trains themselves is being met.\nA Sintra Line train passes Entrecampos\nFrom central Lisbon out to Sintra or Cascais, a full price round trip costs just three and a half Euro, with a monthly ticket at just under 36 Euro. Both are around 16 mile journeys. Even at peak times, there is nothing like the overcrowding that is routinely endured around London, Manchester or Leeds.\nAnd whether ownership of the trains remains with current operator CP, is transferred to the concessionaire, or passes to a leasing company, needs to be decided. Also, there is a need in the next few years to begin fleet renewal on the Cascais line: the oldest of the trainsets are over 50 years old, and the “newest” in their mid-40s. There is no sign yet that those issues have been addressed.\nCascais line trains: an elderly fleet\nNeither has that of track access: were infrastructure owner Refer to be forced to cover more of its costs this way as a result of Government cutbacks – and cuts, as I’ve already observed, are being imposed across the Portuguese economy right now – this would have to be fed through into higher fares, as would the cost of new trains.\nNevertheless, there has been an expression of interest from two potential suppliers. One is Barraqueiro, who already run Fertagus, the only private passenger operator on the Refer network. But the Fertagus concession has already been renegotiated once, and passengers have voiced concern about high fare levels (they clean the graffiti off the trains, though). The other aspirant is Arriva, about whom Alex Ferguson might have mused “Arriva ... bloody hell”.\nHow Much Is That U-Turn In The Window?\nAnd the answer appears to be thirty thousand quid – per week, every week, injured or playing. Yes, Wazza is staying at Man U, and has signed a five year contract. So that’s the end of the matter, isn’t it?\nWell, no it isn’t. The “intensive negotiations” including representatives of the Glazer family – for which read “approving a higher offer” – have not necessarily secured the services of Rooney for anything like five years. But they have demonstrated the power of players and agents, and the necessity for Alex Ferguson to make his star player far more likely to give a good return on his investment.\nThis is because, at (say) season’s end in 2011 or 2012, Rooney will still be less than half way through his contract. So anyone wanting to buy him out of it will have to pay rather more than might have been the case on his current deal, which only has a year and a half to run. Stumping up another 30K a week makes sense for the owners if it increases the player’s transfer value from around 35 million to perhaps 55 million.\nThat would not give the kind of payday that Man U enjoyed when selling Cristiano Ronaldo to Real Madrid – or the same rate of return – but to get 25 million plus into the bank, with all the debt hanging over the club, would be most welcome.\nExcept, of course, that not all of that money would accrue to Man U. When Rooney signed from Everton, there was a sell-on clause in the deal: the Toffees will, I believe, get a quarter of any fee over the 27 million or so that was paid to them at the time. So the blue part of Merseyside could be set for a six million plus windfall of its own.\nAnd that would mean, on a fee of 55 million, Everton would be the bigger beneficiary over time. Lawyers acting for FC Sporting are believed to be sick as parrots.\nLabels: Sport\nSinking Ship – Dropped Pilot Attempts Interview\nThe time is fast approaching when the original cable network, CNN, will say goodbye to perhaps its most iconic presenter. It’s now less than three months ahead that the last Larry King Live will air, and the great man gives way to Piers “Morgan” Moron, with the result that The Percy Moron Show is inflicted on the channel’s dwindling audience.\nKing spent some time yesterday interviewing Daily Show host Jon Stewart, ahead of the Rally To Restore Sanity on October 30. Stewart gave the game away at the start, by telling Larry that “You’re the last guy out of a burning building”, and later suggesting that it might not be the best idea to give the time slot to “some British guy no-one’s heard of”.\nKing did not dissent from Stewart’s characterisations, and even seemed a little embarrassed by the suggestion that things were not in the best of states at CNN. No such problem affects the Daily Show host and his team, and to underscore this, the Prez himself will be interviewed by Stewart: Barack Obama will appear on next Wednesday’s show.\nIt’s the kind of implicit endorsement that is hard to see being given to The Percy Moron Show.\nBeeb Survives Shock Horror\nIt would be swept away as an act of revenge for all the leftist propaganda it was fielding against the poor and defenceless Tory Party. Its “chilling” ambition would be put to rest, and its ability to remain an irritant to Rupe and Junior would cease. Its charter would be “torn up”. Or maybe not.\nBecause the BBC is safe for the next six years at least. The licence fee will be frozen at its current level, the Corporation will have to take on financial responsibility for the World Service and S4C, but otherwise things will continue as before. For starters, its news output will still wipe the floor – both in quality and viewers – with the appallingly inferior offering of Sky News (“first for breaking wind”).\nNot for nothing has the Maily Telegraph’s Neil Midgley asserted that the Beeb “has good reasons to celebrate”. The Corporation has the certainty of income in the medium term, and has escaped any party political interference. Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt said that the licence fee negotiations would not take long this time round, and has been as good as his word.\nBut the Beeb had already embarked on a period of cuts: talent will no longer be rewarded as generously as before, reduction of management numbers has started, and ultimately the move to locations outside London, such as Salford Quays, will also lower the cost base.\nYes, Beeb spokesmen are saying that the deal is “challenging”, but the reality is that they will manage perfectly well, thank you. And so will all the whingers who try to paint the Corporation as biased and “left leaning”, for which latter read “it doesn’t serve the news in the style that I want it to”.\nSo no change there, then.\nTea Party – Growing Concern\nWhat is the Tea Party? It doesn’t consist of one particular organisation, and nor are the origins of Tea Party groups the same. What kind of people and views does it represent? This is a question which has been addressed by the Tea Party Nationalism report, the first of its kind.\nThe origins of the Tea Party movement, the factions involved, and some of those lending their support to the movement, are considered. So too is the tendency of some in and around the Tea Party movement to racism and anti-Semitism, together with what the report called the “Militia Impulse”.\nAlso explored is the “birther” movement, which is prevalent within Tea Party circles – the idea that Barack Obama was born outside the USA, often allied to an assertion that he is also a Muslim.\nThe report is a comprehensive analysis and makes disturbing reading. Take, for instance, the summary of the “Tea Party Express” group: “leaders have unleashed vicious rants and explicit racism”. Yet more disturbing is that this group is getting favourable coverage from one particular media outlet.\nYes, despite Rupe telling that his troops “should not be supporting the Tea Party, or indeed any party”, Tea Party Express is being shamelessly pushed by Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse).\nBeck With The Monkeys\nNot everyone across the USA accepts that Charles Darwin was right: there is still a body of opinion that supports creationism. And there are those in the media that are more than ready to lay into evolution for their own ends, the latest being the increasingly wayward Glenn Beck, “star” of Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse).\nBeck, on his radio show yesterday, told listeners that it was “ridiculous” to think that we “came from monkeys”. As he went on, the thought entered that this was the exact same line that Christine O’Donnell was following all those years ago on Bill Maher’s Politically Incorrect show, which I covered recently.\nThe rambling Beck then told his listeners how evolution had been “forced down your throat”, before concluding that “I haven’t seen a half-monkey, half-person yet”.\nMirror jokes have just been banned.\nCSR And Railways – Doesn’t Make Sense\nReading through yesterday’s Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR), as one does in a moment of more than average boredom, inevitably brings the eye to the area of transport. And what is in store for the railways does not make sense when taken in the round.\nIn the North West, the previous Government’s commitment to electrification between Liverpool and Manchester, from both those cities to Preston, and from Preston to Blackpool is restated. But upgrades and new trains for London’s Thameslink are still “under consideration”.\nBut, so what? Well, the two schemes are linked – the electric trains for the North West won’t be new build, but rather will be provided via a stock cascade of the older sets at present running on Thameslink. And, although electrification would be useful to freight operators, the prime user would be local passenger services. No electric trains, no point in putting up the wires.\nElsewhere, commitments to electrify are not restated, but neither are they ruled out. On the Great Western Main Line (GWML) from London to South Wales and the South West, there will be “investment to improve journey reliability”, which suggests that the wires may not be going up between Paddington, Bristol and Cardiff.\nBetween Sheffield and London – a route which showed a better cost/benefit analysis for wiring than the GWML – there is talk of “line speed improvements”, which also ducks the electrification issue.\nThe issue of electric working isn’t merely enthusiasts’ vanity: electric trains cost less to run, they’re quieter and cleaner, and their power source is not dependent on one particular fuel. Moreover, the InterCity 125 trains, although they can go on for a few years yet, will not last forever. The GWML is almost totally dependent on the IC125, and Sheffield to London partly so.\nThat the Blair and Brown administrations also ducked this issue is not disputed. But that decisions need to be made soon, and in a joined up manner, is where we are right now.\nLabels: Politics, Rail Travel\nBreaking The ICE?\nThe man from DB almost shrugged, then put on his best face: “It’s not for the public” he explained, as another hopeful punter asked if he could see the first ICE3 high speed train in the UK close up, rather than through the glass screens or through a wire fence.\nAnd it’s a demonstration that press junkets are disconnected from reality: if the entry of DB into the UK-Europe high speed market is to be a success, it will be through the patronage of those excluded from yesterday’s event, not by handing out goodies to the softball-pitching specialist press.\nSo what will be the reality of DB’s new service? Well, they helpfully distributed flyers to anyone showing a flicker of interest, and these state with some certainty that the ICE3 will be “Connecting Britain by high speed rail to new destinations across Europe from 2013”.\nThis may come as a surprise to the relevant authorities, who have not yet approved the trains for operation through the Channel Tunnel – as far as is known, DB have not even made a formal application. Apparently, the rules governing minimum length of trainsets passing through the Tunnel will be satisfied by running two ICE3 sets together between London and Brussels.\nImages as published by DB\nThis is slated to happen three times each day, with the two sets splitting in Brussels to give services onward to both Amsterdam (via Rotterdam) and Frankfurt (via Cologne). Journey times of four hours to Amsterdam and five to Frankfurt may be bettered, but not significantly. So who will travel?\nThe leisure market alone will not provide sufficient revenue, though there will be no shortage of takers. So DB must appeal to business travellers, even though the journey times to Amsterdam and Frankfurt look, on the face of it, less attractive than flying.\nThe marketing push, I suspect, will emphasise the city centre to city centre ability of rail, the (hopefully) more robust and reliable timekeeping, and the ease of working on the move. All these will tempt business travellers. But one obstacle will remain.\nAnd that is the patently ridiculous treatment of customs and other security issues, principally by UK authorities. It doesn’t get meted out to those who pass through the Channel Tunnel on car shuttles, and it is high time that it be scaled back in order to allow Eurostar, DB, and whoever else may enter the market in future to run a train service, rather than a ground transport airline.\nZelo Street, and no doubt other parts of the blogosphere, will continue to push for this. The specialist press will say very little, but continue the junkets.\nLabels: Europe, Press and Media, Rail Travel\nWayne’s World – But Don’t Party On\nThe rumours started back in August, but until the last few days, nobody had enough reliable information to stand them up. But now even Alex Ferguson is coming clean: Rooney is going, and most likely sooner rather than later, if Manchester United are to get their payday from selling.\nWhy does a footballer with a 150K a week contract ready to sign want to up sticks and go? Ferguson says there hasn’t been a falling out, something he does not normally see fit to point out: players that stay at Man U are by implication on good terms with the boss, and those that are not are moved on in short order.\nWhich may explain why Ferguson garnered some sympathy from the press pack after yesterday’s statement. Players don’t leave his club unless he says so. That even applied to Cristiano Ronaldo: although the Portuguese was always going to leave for Real Madrid, the deal did not happen until Ferguson decided to allow it.\nAnd he is clearly not minded to allow Rooney to walk away and leave Man U with a lack of firepower, despite the player not scoring from open play for several months. But the player is out of contract at the end of next season, so push will come to shove when the transfer window reopens.\nThe rumour mill suggests that Rooney is headed for the blue part of Manchester: City are now the money club in the city. But do they need him? Manager Roberto Mancini may have his hands full getting his current squad to gel, without yet another big money buy having to be fitted in.\nMoreover, Mancini brooks no dissent: Rooney would find him if anything even less forgiving than Ferguson. And Wazza’s smoking and binging wouldn’t find favour with a manager from Italy, where drunkenness is less socially acceptable than in the UK. And that constraint would apply equally if Rooney went to play his football in Spain.\nBoth Real Madrid and Barcelona have been linked with the player, and Real boss José Mourinho is already at work on the mind games. But here is another manager who won’t accept a player who by the age of 24 is still on the cigs and the sauce – and that is before the occasional tabloid revelations.\nRooney will have to accept that, if he wants to keep shaking the money tree, he will have to change his lifestyle and his attitude – wherever he plies his trade.\nLabels: Europe, Sport\nMind Yer ‘Arris!\nToday featured a brief visit to London, to see the new kid on the blocks. The place was St Pancras International Station, the invitations did not extend to ordinary enthusiasts, and the occasion was the display by German rail operator DB of one of their ICE3 high speed trainsets in the UK.\nAlong with several others, I had to look on through the screens under the clock, as the specialist press, getting the payoff that comes with wall to wall favourable coverage, were allowed on the platform. Unfortunately, for some time, the view was impaired by a not insubstantial figure sprawled forward over the buffer stop railings.\nA helpful Network Rail person identified this presence – doubling as a model for the Michael Foot memorial donkey jacket – as RAIL magazine editor Nigel Harris. For him, the temptation of rubbing onlooking enthusiasts’ noses in it was apparently too much. But eventually he dragged himself upright and found something marginally more useful to occupy himself.\nThis allowed a clear view of the train, and the assembled snappers could get to work. You can see photos of ICE3 “Schwäbisch Hall” on display at St Pancras HERE. I’ll return to the aspirations of DB for running into London soon.\nFirst Paranoia Of Autumn\nOne fact for Michael Caine’s next volume of things that not a lot of people know about: Plymouth is on the same latitude as Kiev, in the Ukraine. Compare and contrast weather patterns, especially those in winter. Kiev routinely has winter temperatures which we would find grim – exceptionally so.\nWe don’t tend to get grim winters, because not only do we have the benefit of the Gulf Stream, bringing warmer water from the Gulf of Mexico, the prevailing wind direction is usually from the south west, bringing milder if wetter weather with it. But when the wind direction turns, winters turn colder, and the assembled hackery gets terribly worked up.\nFirst out of the blocks this autumn are the obedient servants of the legendarily foul mouthed Paul Dacre at the Daily Mail. There is, they tell us, to be a “big freeze”, with “Polar winds” on the way, along with “heavy snow”. It sounds authentically apocalyptic. And as with any overinflated hype, a few prods of enquiry and it falls flat in short order.\nThe cold snap, it is conceded, is due to the wind turning to the north, due to a depression over Scandinavia. But then, the article explains, the high pressure area that has given settled and dry weather over the last few days will then reassert itself – and temperatures will recover.\nAs for the “heavy snow”, that is “up to” two inches by the end of the week – for parts of the north. Those parts, it is conceded further on, are the Scottish Highlands. And the phrase “up to”, as any fule kno, includes the number zero.\nLabels: Climate, Press and Media\nThe New Smear Machine – Same As The Old Smear Machine\nYesterday’s Mail On Sunday carried a less than flattering analysis of Defence Secretary Liam Fox: his “partying” lifestyle, enjoyment of an “occasional social drink”, and his tendency thereafter to “get ... carried away and ... very chatty” were dropped into the article.\nThis has caused Iain Dale, a compliant and reliable conduit for Tory propaganda, to show signs of distress. “The smears against Liam Fox must stop” he bleated in a recent blogpost, clearly unable to grasp the significance of this off-the-record briefing.\nFox has been playing a game of high stakes in defence of his budget, and to the clear irritation of Young Dave and The Rt Hon Gideon George Oliver Osborne, heir to the seventeenth Baronet. The supposed leak of a letter to Cameron – not copied to Osborne – was, I reckoned at the time, done either by Fox or on his behalf.\nAnd, as I pointed out, this was a clear sign of someone trying to build a rival power base. My conclusion was clear: that Cameron had to sack him (followed up HERE and HERE). Downing Street hesitated, but has now clearly given the nod to a routine campaign of character assassination.\nFrom the smear about his supposed drinking will follow – if need be – a further one suggesting that this may have security implications. From there it will be a straightforward task to propel Fox out of the door and into political oblivion. Young Dave will have, at last, mastered his basic Machiavelli: do not allow opponents to build a rival power base.\nWhich is what Dale and the rest of the right leaning blogosphere do not seem to get: there will be a need to put the boot into purveyors of inconvenient behaviour whoever is in power. No-one doubts that Alastair Campbell was behind the description of Pa Broon as “psychologically flawed”, and Big Al shares the same journalistic background as Andy Coulson.\nSo there should be no surprise when the new smear machine looks very much like the old smear machine.\nNo Beard, No Marx\nThe Senate race in Delaware is one I’ve covered before, if only in featuring the GOP candidate, “tea party” favourite Christine O’Donnell. She is trailing her Democrat opponent Chris Coons in the polls, and some of her rhetoric is getting desperate.\nFirst off, she’s at odds with her own party: the National Republican Senatorial Committee has given her a 42,000 Dollar contribution, but is not spending on advertising additional to this amount. Their reasoning is that there are more deserving candidates who are in tighter races – where the extra spend could make the difference.\nBut O’Donnell is also having trouble making her attacks on Coons stick. She has persistently labelled him as a “Marxist”, a characterisation taken up by a number of hosts at Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse) as they try to bolster the various “tea party” hopefuls across the country.\nUnfortunately, the basis for the Coons “Marxist” story is a very obvious joke he made in an article for his college student newspaper, written in his senior year. Otherwise, O’Donnell uses the guilt-by-association smear when observing that Coons praised one of his professors who was a Marxist – then saying that made him one too.\nIt’s quite desperate stuff. And, following their customarily thorough examination of the facts, the folks at Politifact.com have awarded Christine O’Donnell their coveted Pants On Fire accreditation.\nLabels: Politics, USA\nPay Up Or The Tram Gets It\nMost visitors to the city of Lisbon see the central Baixa district, the sights on or near the waterfront at Belém, and maybe take the train out to Sintra or Cascais. They tend not to cross the river.\nAnd that means they miss a large part of the extended metropolitan area: the sprawl outwards from the ferry terminals at Cacilhas and Barreiro, and alongside the motorway that leads to the Ponte 25 de Abril, is extensive, and so much so that in recent years, rail transport links have been put in place to help in the demand for people moving.\nThe latest system to be inaugurated has been the Metro Sul do Tejo, a tram network running out from a terminus by the ferry landing at Cacilhas. The first phase was completed in late 2008 and the modern trams are now carrying upwards of 30,000 passengers per day.\nAn MTS tram at Santo Amaro\nHowever, the assumption on which the concession was let is based on a daily ridership of 80,000. This may come in the near future, but in the meantime, there is a mechanism for the Government to make up for the shortfall by means of a subsidy.\nSo far, so straightforward, but it seems that the Government is behind on its payments – well behind: apparently no subsidy has been received since the payment for the first half of 2009. The accumulated shortfall is 7.2 million Euro.\nThe concessionaire has now said that, unless the Government stumps up, push will come to shove next month. By that time, it will not be possible to pay the power bill, and so the current will be cut off (much as one might expect with a domestic disconnection).\nAnd if the trams cannot run there, it is not outside the bounds of possibility that they might be sold on to another operator (the four section Siemens Combino Plus cars would be welcomed by capacity starved operators across Europe and perhaps beyond).\nThen there really would be no way back.\nFox News And Hate Speech\nThe past week has seen a number of incidents involving the behaviour (or fallout thereof) of hosts from Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse).\nThe CEO of the Tides Foundation, Drummond Pike, has taken the gloves off following a sustained campaign against his organisation by Glenn Beck, and the subsequent arrest of Byron Williams, who was on his way to gun down Tides’ employees after seeing Beck’s chalkboard assisted ranting. Pike is urging companies that advertise on Fox to cease buying time on the channel (over a hundred companies have already pulled adverts from Beck’s show).\nAs Pike says, the next wingnut might get through. He stresses that “no-one ... wants to see another Oklahoma City”, in a reference to domestic terrorism, something maybe forgotten yesterday on Fox And Friends by host Brian Kilmeade, who asserted that “all terrorists are Muslims”, which might interest a number of Governments across Europe.\nFox’ Bill Shine has responded that Kilmeade will return to the subject on Monday, the next airing of the programme, but that means his assertions will remain unexplained and unanswered for almost 72 hours, which is a long, long time in today’s 24/7 news cycle. That’s not good enough.\nAnd another Fox host whose behaviour has not been good enough this week is Bill O’Reilly, who caused a furore when he guested on ABC’s The View last Wednesday. Following a full and frank exchange of views on the proposed Islamic Centre at 51 Park Place with co-hosts Whoopi Goldberg and Joy Behar, O’Reilly then asserted that “Muslims attacked us on 9/11”.\nThis was too much for Goldberg and Behar who walked off set. They only returned after Bill-O apologised. O’Reilly later explained his actions on his own show, but his comparison with Pearl Harbor and the Japanese is total guff. There isn’t a country called Islamland which has declared war on the USA.\nBut there is a disturbing coincidence of hate speech coming out of Fox.\nEXCLUSIVE – Compulsory Cuts In Euro Land\nWhile we wait for the Government’s Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR), there is one country in mainland Europe where a budget has just been presented, and some of the cuts are eye watering. That country is Portugal, and these are some of the measures put forward by the minority administration of PM José Sócrates (whose party, the PS, is nominally of the centre left).\nFamily allowances are being cut. Government employees are facing a pay cut of “up to 10%”, although in some cases, increased pension contributions will make the effective cut higher. This category includes civil servants, teachers and lecturers, judges and court staff, and most significantly public sector health workers.\nThis last is worrying, as retaining sufficient doctors and other key workers in the public sector is already a problem. The sector does not, however, include the military, police, or public transport workers at state owned bodies such as Lisbon street transport operator Carris.\nAnd then there is a two-pronged VAT increase. Firstly, all three VAT rates are going up: those previously at 5%, 12% and 21% will rise to 6%, 13% and 23% (the EU’s highest top rate is 25%). But the second part is the transferring of groups of items from one of the lower VAT rates to the highest, and of course this could happen in the UK, should the Coalition decide.\nSo what is moving up the VAT scale? Chocolate and other flavoured milk, canned meat, canned fruit, canned veg, marmalade, jam, fire alarms and extinguishers, fizzy drinks, soft drinks and juices including those made from concentrate, cooking oil, and margarine, for starters. Much in that list is (still) zero rated in the UK.\nHowever, red wine appears to be staying in the 13% category. Moving that on to the top rate really could kick off the unrest.\nThe Leverages Of Power – 5\nAnd so, at the eleventh hour of the very last day before a potential slide into administration, New England Sports Ventures (NESV) bought Liverpool FC, and the burden of debt loaded onto the club by its previous owners Tom Hicks and George Gillett was lifted.\nWhat this new era of ownership hold for the Reds is not yet certain, but there is one sign that the new order “gets it” in a way that their predecessors did not. NESV chairman Thomas Werner started his statement thus: “We recognise that Liverpool Football Club is an historic institution ultimately grounded in the community and the fans”.\nThat would be a good start. Meanwhile, Tom Hicks is still threatening a lawsuit against, well, anyone at the club in an effort to recoup something. Given the legal reverses he and Gillett suffered in the courts this week, he might as well save whatever funds he has left and leave the scene.\nBack at Anfield, they now have owners who are in the business of winning. That could, of course, be another false Liverpool dawn – there have been plenty in the past two decades – but NESV’s track record thus far is one of improvement.\nTickets for Goodison on Sunday? Hmmm, that’ll cost you. It will now.\nLabels: Business, Sport\nNever Mind The Bus – Get On The Plane\nLast month, I noted that Arianna Huffington had offered to put on as many buses as needed to get folks from Manhattan to Washington, DC to attend the Rally to Restore Sanity, to be hosted by Jon Stewart on October 30. My thought that ten thousand people might take up that offer was not an optimistic one: that figure has now been exceeded.\nWell, guesting on last night’s Daily Show (this evening in the UK on More4 at 2030 hours, then on 4OD, or outside the UK direct from Comedy Central) was Oprah Winfrey, and she’s gone one better. Oprah couldn’t be there in person – that’s one stylish person – but, appearing via satellite, revealed that everyone in the audience had a gift under their seat.\nThat gift was a return flight from New York to DC and a night’s hotel stay. I don’t know the size of the Daily Show audience, but it sounds like there are several hundred voices behind the cameras – so that’s a lot of hotel rooms, and more than one aircraft filled.\nMight it be busy on the National Mall on October 30? It just might.\nMarrakesh Express Arrives Back Home\nWhich was the first “supergroup”? There’s another few hours of harmless fun for the next rainy day. One of the first, Crosby, Stills and Nash, produced a debut album in 1969 that was of quite staggering originality and quality.\nThe participants came from differing backgrounds: Steven Stills had been one of the main men of the Buffalo Springfield, David Crosby had been in The Byrds, and Brit Graham Nash had been in The Hollies, a journeyman group that had produced hits, but wasn’t in the exceptional category.\nBut one listen to that debut album was to discover that exceptional was an understatement. As the Stills-penned opening track Suite: Judy Blue Eyes faded out, the thought entered that nothing could top that. Then came the lyrics “looking at the world through the sunset in your eyes”: that was Marrakesh Express.\nIn less than three minutes, Graham Nash had announced his arrival as a seriously good singer songwriter. Although that CS&N album is over forty years old, the music endures, and so it was good to see Nash arrive at Buckingham Palace yesterday to receive his OBE from the Queen.\nAs his contemporary and occasional colleague Neil Young might have put it, Long May He Run.\nBonfire Of The Waterways?\nToday, the list of Quangos to be axed has been published. There are likely to be job losses, although many of the bodies will have their functions transferred elsewhere: as I noted recently, most of the jobs these organisations do will still need doing.\nAnd one quango whose work will certainly still need doing is British Waterways, which looks after the hundreds of miles of canals that nowadays host a growing leisure industry. Typical of those waterways is the Huddersfield Narrow Canal, which winds its way across the Pennines to Ashton-under-Lyne, recently restored to use after decades of neglect.\nWhen I was living in Huddersfield in the mid 80s, the Narrow Canal was a mess. Most of its locks – 42 on the eastern part, and 32 on the western – had been covered by concrete caps, or partly filled in to let water cascade over them. The route had been lost completely in Huddersfield and Stalybridge. Only a short stretch above Uppermill had been reclaimed and restored by volunteers. The tunnel at Standedge, where the canal passes under the Pennines, had suffered rock falls and had been gated shut at both ends.\nSlowly and painstakingly the whole route was reclaimed, the locks rebuilt, the tunnel cleared, and the channel dredged. The area through which the canal passes – former mill towns and villages – now has folks visiting to use the newly restored waterway. This is the kind of transport artery that British Waterways now looks after. It’s not just part of the past, but part of the economy.\nThe idea has been put forward that British Waterways may become a charity on the same lines as the National Trust. But then, if this were the right way to go, one might wonder why this did not happen decades ago. I hope that the body that comes out of the change really does bring new investment and secure jobs, as British Waterways’ chairman Tony Hales suggests (letter HERE [pdf]).\nBecause that letter contains the line “agree a long term funding contract with Government” in its to-do list. With the Coalition bent on cuts all round, Hales might just be disappointed. I hope he is not, and that the 2,200 miles of canal continue to contribute to a number of local economies across the UK.\nHow Tired Is Your Pilot? – 11\nRegular readers of this blog in the south of France have just had some less than welcome news, as has anyone else that flies in and out with a certain low cost carrier. This is because a potential dispute with the French authorities has been used as an excuse for corporate mardy strop throwing – with a little implicit bullying on the side.\nThe airline throwing the strop will be familiar to Zelo Street readers: it is of course our old friend Ryanair, the Millwall of air carriers (everyone hates us and we don’t care). Marseille, their last base in France, is to close next January, with the aircraft and crew moved out of the country, and around half the route network will be lost.\nWhy is this? Well, Ryanair base their crews, for purposes of payment and taxation, in Ireland, which is not unreasonable, given they are an Irish airline. The dastardly French, however, have been trying to insist that those crews be considered as based in France, which would mean paying taxes locally.\nIt is more than likely that this would impose an extra cost on Ryanair, so for them to contest the matter is understandable. The way in which they have behaved, however, is the usual mix of brinkmanship and bullying, and will be familiar to those who witnessed them pull most of their services from Manchester after failing to secure a reduction in handling fees.\nSo, instead of staying put and letting the EU authorities find adversely on the French – which is more than likely, even if decisions do not tend to happen overnight in such matters – Ryanair demonstrate their contempt for the long suffering passengers, especially those who use the flights regularly and depend on them.\nAnd, just to rub salt in the wounds, Michael O’Leary said yesterday that “Ryanair remains committed to Marseille Airport”. With 13 out of 23 routes about to go, that’s a strange kind of commitment.\n[The 13 routes to go includes that to Eindhoven, folks]\nLabels: Air Travel, Europe\nDon’t Risk The Wine\nThe advertising break is a routine distraction for anyone watching what used to be called, slightly sniffily, commercial television. Normally this does not concern me, but a recent ad for Jacob’s Creek wines has caused a little worry.\nNot that there is anything less than totally bonzer about Jacob’s Creek, or indeed any other vino coming out of Oz. I’m sure it’s just bladdy good, and no worries. My problem is with the way in which the dinner party guests dispense the stuff.\nThis usually enjoyable task is shown in the ad being done by holding the bottle by its base. For some wine waiters, this is no doubt a straightforward action, but I worry that anyone imitating the style may not be in full control of bottle and contents.\nAnd you wouldn’t want to spill any, so my tip is to keep firm hold of the bottle around the middle. Copying the advert may look swish, but where it could lead, as Harry Callahan once said, is a hell of a price to pay for being stylish.\nLabels: Food, Misc\nMurdoch Is Served (23)\nAs the Guardian has revealed today, the Metropolitan Police can be a clueless crowd. Following the C4 Dispatches programme on Phonehackgate, the Met’s finest have decided to get off their collective rears and do something about it. They have written to Guardian editor Alan Rusbridger.\nSo what? Well, the assembled rozzers have asked Rusbridger if he has any new evidence for them. Mr R, having picked his chin off the deck, has written back pointing out that, as Nick Davies has noted on more than one past occasion, the Met have plenty of evidence in their own files.\nMoreover, the Guardian editor advised that Davies had obtained much of his evidence from interviewing former Screws employees, and suggested that they do likewise. He also noted that the Met could have interviewed those people back in 2006, when the story broke, but they did not.\nRusbridger concluded, having mentioned the involvement of the NYT and C4 in addition to the Guardian, “The fact that three separate news organisations have been able to uncover this story must give you hope that you, too, could get to the bottom of it without too much trouble”.\nThe full text of his letter is HERE [pdf].\nAnd so, after a night sleeping on the matter before him, Mr Justice Floyd has granted the injunction sought by the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS). This required Tom Hicks and George Gillett to effectively restore the board of Liverpool FC to its state before Hicks’ intervention last week, where he tried to sack two of that board’s members and replace them with his own appointees.\nMoreover, costs have been awarded against Hicks and Gillett in the matter of the action by RBS. Chairman Martin Broughton is now pushing for a board meeting by this evening in order to facilitate a sale of the club. The consequences for Hicks and Gillett are straightforward: unless they can overturn the decision, Liverpool FC will be sold and they will lose a cool 140 million quid (plus costs).\nBut, given the soap opera which the Liverpool saga has become, there will be no sympathy whatever on Merseyside for the two owners, and that will include the Blue part of the area as well as the Red. The only unanswered question now appears to be the identity of the new owner – will it still be New England Sports Ventures (NESV), or perhaps Peter Lim from Singapore?\nLeveraged buyouts – the end of one, and maybe a vision of what might await Man U. Not good for the game.\n[And Mr Justice Floyd has declined to grant an appeal. Sound fellow]\nAs I suspected, there were more than a few Reds fans in attendance today at the Royal Courts of Justice. There will no doubt be more tomorrow, as Mr Justice Floyd, having heard arguments from the various protagonists, has decided he will give his judgment at 1030 hours on Wednesday.\nOnly then will there be any sign of the future direction of Liverpool FC. No doubt supporters of Man U will watch with an initial amused detachment, but they should study events closely. Their club is nowhere near this state yet, but given their losses, the amount of debt on the club, and the shaky state of the rest of the Glazer empire, they might do well to remember this week’s events.\nMoreover, Alex Ferguson cannot go on for ever. And what happened the last time a long serving and successful Man U manager stepped down is a lesson in itself. Except that on that occasion, the club had not been piled high with debt.\nWhat The Fox? – Revisited\nBack in August I looked at the case of Byron Williams, who had been stopped by the Highway Patrol on Interstate 580 and showed his displeasure by engaging the police in a gun battle in which he fired a variety of ordnance, including the armour piercing variety.\nWilliams, who confessed at the time that he was on his way to kill “people of note” at the Tides Foundation, has now made a series of further admissions to Californian news anchor John Hamilton, who visited him at the Santa Rita jail in the Bay Area suburb of Dublin.\nIn a series of interviews, Williams names his main information sources: conspiracy theorists, right wing propagandists, and our old friend Glenn Beck, increasingly wayward “star” of Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse). His regard for Beck and his chalkboard comes through strongly.\nThe conspiracies fed by Beck, and taken on board by Williams, include Brazilian oil company Petrobras, George Soros, the idea that the Deepwater Horizon explosion and oil spill was a contract hit, and involve the NAACP, ACORN and the New Black Panther Party.\nAs the Deepwater Horizon explosion had killed eleven, Williams intended to kill the same number at Tides. Fortunately, the police stopped him.\nThe full text of Hamilton’s interviews, and more, is HERE. Worrying.\nPrius On Rails\nWhile checking sources for last week’s post on the fall-out from cancellation of the Third Tagus Crossing, and its implication for high speed rail travel in Portugal, I came across some blurb for a hybrid high speed train. What that? Well, this is an electric train that can also run under its own power on lines where there is no electrification.\nAnd that is a question that has recently taxed the Department for Transport (aka DaFT), and preferred supplier Hitachi, over the saga of new so-called “bi-mode” trains, which may never see the light of day as a result of spending cuts. Astonishingly, some in the industry who should know better are championing a new build of electric locomotives instead, although how that powers trains where there are no overhead wires is not explained.\nOnce again, the company behind the hybrid high speed train is our old friends Patentes Talgo. No, I am not being paid a retainer by them, but yes, perhaps I should put in for one. The concept is simple: a proven existing design [pictured], which can operate on different track gauges, has its present end coaches replaced by what the blurb quaintly calls “Technical End Coaches”. These house a diesel engine.\nA Talgo 250 pauses at Aranjuez\nAs the power generated by the diesel engine is transmitted via the traction equipment in the existing power cars, the weight of these new coaches is kept down. The engine itself is the same MTU V12 used in a variety of traction applications – such as the recent refurbishment of the UK’s InterCity 125 power cars. It’s established technology.\nBut is it a practical proposition? A first look at the blurb did leave me wondering whether the axle load would stay low – very important for higher speeds – and there is a trade-off of some passenger accommodation, with a resulting higher proportion of what we would call Standard Class seating, but the fact of the matter is that the order has been placed, and the trains are slated to start operation in 2012.\nTop whack on the high speed network will remain 250km/h, with 220 on conventional electric lines, and 180 is claimed for diesel operation. The trains will run out of Madrid to destinations such as Algeciras and Cartagena – well off the wires. Journey times will be better than using hauled sets, because of higher speeds and quicker gauge changing, and there will be better use of capacity at busy terminal stations such as Madrid Atocha.\nWill it work? Well, Talgo have already done some work on high speed diesel trains, so the prognosis is good. Once again, while we in the UK debate the concept, someone else just goes ahead and does it.\n[The PDF with detail of the hybrid train is HERE. In English!]\nThat’ll Cost You, Sport – 21\nToday, in an event with the BBC as a participant (though with no apparent mention on its website), much of the media came together to petition Business Secretary Vince Cable not to allow the full takeover by News Corporation of BSkyB. A lot of differences were put aside as everyone who is anyone in the business made common cause against Rupe’s troops.\nSignatories included the Maily Telegraph, Guardian Media Group, Trinity Mirror, the Daily Mail and General Trust, the BBC, BT, and Channel 4. The keyword emerging from the petition is plurality: that the further encroachment of the Murdoch empire would crowd out other players and consolidate power in fewer hands.\nWhat may also be uppermost in the minds of those in the worlds of media and politics is the impact of the Murdochs on matters Stateside, where the lack of regulation over broadcasters has allowed Rupe to inflict the slanted and partisan attack dog that is Fox News Channel (fair and balanced my arse) on the population.\nWhat happens next? Cable has to make his mind up whether to refer the matter to Ofcom. That would certainly cause Rupe’s troops to up the ante, and there would be a tide of hostile hackery trained on the saintly Vince. Then the rubber stamp has to be given by Young Dave, who has one of the Murdoch “family” on his payroll.\nNo pressure there, then.\nSpotty Scot Excoriates Citizen Scribblers\nAs the Guardian’s editor Alan Rusbridger kicks off a thoughtful examination of where the Fourth Estate now finds itself, there has been a less measured critique of the blogosphere by the Beeb’s very own Andrew Marr, formerly political editor and now front man of The Andy Marr Show (tm).\nMarr has been to the Cheltenham Literary Festival – to which I say big expletive deleteding deal – where he made his views clear: “the so-called citizen journalism is the spewings and rantings of very drunk people late at night”. He later added “most of the blogging is too angry and too abusive. Terrible things are said online because they are anonymous”.\nWell, Andy, I can only speak for myself here, but have to say that you are in Gerald Ratner territory. I stop putting together blog posts before opening the vino, this blog isn’t anonymous, and as I’ve set out long ago, Zelo Street does not do effing and blinding – although I can’t deny that there are a number of “sweary blogs” out there. So, recalling the wise words of Mel Brooks, I say “Up Yours”.\nBut seriously, I can also see where Marr is coming from: far too much of the blogosphere adds little or nothing to what is already put out there by the established media. Much is churned out by those using some kind of alias, although this approach is, for those who become better known, next to useless (pace Michael White exposing Paul Staines).\nMoreover, whenever blogs break stories, they still need at least the threat of exposure in the MSM to have any effect: that would be Staines again, with the Draper and McBride emails, which ended up in the Screws. And the resources available to the MSM are generally better than what the average blogger can lay their hands on.\nThus the awful truth for many bloggers. But there’s no point getting angry at Marr, because he’s hit a nerve. And there’s also no point letting it get you down. Just remember: “don’t get mad – get even”.\nAnyone up for that? I am.\nWhile fans of Manchester United mull over the latest news of their club’s losses and continuing debt burden, things have started to move over at Liverpool FC. The action of co-owner Tom Hicks last week, when he attempted to remove two members of the board and replace them with his own nominees, is being challenged by the Royal Bank of Scotland, with a hearing at the High Court tomorrow.\nThis should not be confused with the action taken by club chairman Martin Broughton to force through the takeover by New England Sports Ventures (NESV), which still looks to be on for Friday next. However, if RBS win tomorrow, there appears little chance of Hicks and his co-owner George Gillett mounting any credible opposition to the sale.\nSo fans will be watching tomorrow as the seventh case in the day’s eighteen scheduled actions comes before Mr Justice Floyd. Given the numbers that may descend on London, the Echo has helpfully provided a map locating the Royal Courts of Justice (it’s at the eastern, or City, end of the Strand) along with nearby Tube stations. Temple looks nearest, so from Euston that means change at Embankment.\nThe Echo has also printed a full version of the RBS statement on the affair. A quick read through leaves the impression that RBS claim to have been given various undertakings by Hicks and Gillett at the last round of refinancing, and that they regard Hicks’ actions last week as being in breach of those undertakings. Were Mr Justice Floyd to agree their analysis, the current owners would be unable to block the takeover by NESV.\nWhich would end a sorry chapter in Liverpool FC’s history, and leave a lesson for any other club where takeover features the word “leverage”.\n[UPDATE: things are moving quickly - the Beeb's Robert Peston has just revealed that there may be another bidder for LFC]\nNot Just Barking\nOut there on the right, there are many siren voices. From the National Front (NF) of the 1960s and 70s, which split when Messrs Tyndall and Webster fell out, to the British National Party, which also looks as if it may split, to UKIP, to the English Defence League (EDL), there is a tradition in this country of frightening white people by raising the spectre of brown and black people.\nMore recently, the frightening has moved on to the presently more fertile territory of Islamophobia. Here, the paranoid right try to sell the idea that white (and by default Christian) folk are being “colonised”, about to become a minority in their own country, and that Sharia law is being imposed. It’s complete drivel. It’s flagrantly irresponsible. And it’s peddled by quite rational and apparently sincere individuals.\nSo what should be dismissed as ranting wingnuttery starts to gain traction. And one individual typical of the breed is former UKIP parliamentary candidate Paul Weston. He contested Cities of London and Westminster last May, garnering all of 664 votes. He believes that the English are being ethnically cleansed, that there will be a civil war in the UK within the next 20 years, and that “we are being colonised here in the UK”.\nWeston has just produced another tirade against what he calls “Socialist enabled Muslim fraud” on the Gates Of Vienna blog, which majors on the supposed war between Islam and Christianity. Links from Gates Of Vienna are provided to one Andrew Breitbart (he of heavily edited ACORN “sting” and Shirley Sherrod videos fame), and the International Civil Liberties Alliance, which features such luminaries as Geert Wilders and the EDL.\nWeston kicks off with a neatly executed smear: he asserts that Barack Obama called the Muslim call to prayer “the sweetest sound in the world”. However, what the Prez said to the NYT was rather different: “one of the prettiest sounds on earth at sunset”. And that’s the least of it: Weston describes Muslims in Pakistan as representing a “seventh century mono-culture”.\nThere is much more of this tedious flannel, but to save readers the trouble, and get to Weston’s real purpose, one can go directly to this part of his closing paragraph: “We are already witnessing the early stages of civil war in England, as the native EDL square [sic] up to foreign Islam and their Communist allies”.\nAnd how did I discover this truly off the wall specimen? The heads up came from a Zelo Street regular – who had clicked on the first of yesterday’s Daley Dozen blog links. Yes, Iain Dale. And Dale called Weston’s post “disturbing evidence [my emphasis] of electoral fraud”. There’s mainstream and Tory for you.\nWhere’s Your Sense Of Humour?\nThe Leverages Of Power\nWell Foxed – 2\nEXCLUSIVE: Talgo Saves The Day\nLet It Burn\nWell Foxed\nOne Last Push, Men! Over The Top!!\nOMG! Clueless!!\nTea Party – More Hypocrisy\nDon’t Be Vague – 5\nReturn Of The Three Stooges\nCheap Publicity, No Winners\nSinking Ship Ejects Rat\nExcuse Revoked\nWhen Leaks Are Not Leaks – 5","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line969016"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6801515817642212,"wiki_prob":0.6801515817642212,"text":"Why Black Lives Matter Won’t Go Away: a Primer on Systemic Racism in America\nby Anthony DiMaggio\na katz | Shutterstock.com\nIntellectually lazy. Willfully ignorant. Blinded by privilege. Drunk with prejudice. These are some of the words that come to mind when I think of the 30 percent of Americans in 2016 who agree “our country has made the changes needed to give blacks equal rights to whites.” There’s no excuse for such irresponsible comments considering the mountain of statistical data showing American institutions treat citizens very differently based on race.\nThe shootings of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling have re-energized a Black Lives Matter movement that’s remained remarkably vigilant over the years. I have no interest in judging the specifics of the Castile and Sterling shootings in this piece, or in judging the police officers involved in the court of public opinion prior to official legal action being taken. Individual stories and anecdotes can be spun any which way supporters and opponents of Black Lives Matter wish. But at the end of the day, these stories are just that – stories. They are symbolically powerful, but they won’t convince many who didn’t already agree that America is racist. What I’m interested in are the comprehensive studies of racial prejudice in American political and social institutions.\nIn this piece, I provide a primer for citizens, which documents a pervasive and disturbing pattern of racial discrimination across America. Such discrimination occurs on multiple fronts, with regard to racial profiling, police brutality, media depictions of African Americans, and racism on the part of the public. Much of this evidence is new, other studies are older.\nA number of recent studies provide definitive evidence of police brutality in law enforcement. As the New York Times reported this month, a study by the Center for Policing Equity (CPE) finds that the race of citizens deeply matters in police stops. Examining more than 19,000 “use-of-force incidents” by police in 11 large and medium size cities from 2010 to 2015, the report concludes African Americans are significantly more likely than whites to be subject to police violence, even after taking into account statistics showing that blacks commit more violent acts than whites. Sociologists have long known that violent crime is a more common problem in minority communities, although the reason has nothing to do with innate or biological differences between whites, Hispanics, and blacks, and a lot to do with poverty, extreme inequality, and the prevalence of depressed inner city neighborhoods where decent paying jobs are in short supply. Desperation and declining job opportunities push citizens toward the illicit economy and violent crime.\nThe CPE study finds major inequity between blacks and whites regarding police brutality. It concludes that the average use-of-force rate for blacks is 273 per 100,000, compared to 76 per 100,000 for whites, or an imbalance of 3.6-to-1. One could retort that use-of-force is not tantamount to brutality, short of definitive evidence presented in court of excessive force. However, the point here is not about court convictions, but about the mistreatment of blacks relative to whites, which itself amounts to brutalizing an entire race of people.\nA second Harvard study by economist Roland Fryer Jr. also provides evidence of police brutality against blacks, although not when it comes to shootings. Shootings, however, comprise an small number of all violent incidents in Fryer’s study of police departments in Pennsylvania, New York, Florida, California, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Texas. Far more common are other forms of violence. Across many measures, blacks are more likely to be subjected to violence, even in cases when they do not violently resist police. Black suspects are more likely to be pushed against a wall, handcuffed without being arrested, pushed to the ground, pepper sprayed, touched by hand, or had a weapon drawn on them. National survey data examined by Fryer also finds that blacks are far more likely to say they have been grabbed by police, handcuffed, kicked, or had a gun pointed at them.\nIt is well known that drug arrest rates are higher in minority neighborhoods, but these neighborhoods are also targeted far more often than white, affluent ones, despite comparable drug use among whites and blacks. Blacks account for 35 percent of drug arrests and 55 percent of drug convictions, despite being just 14 percent of the population and drug-users. These statistics suggest a rampant racial profiling among police forces.\nFor years, police departments and their defenders insisted that greater arrests and traffic stops targeted at minorities were not evidence of discrimination, since crime rates – and as a result police patrols – were greater in poor minority neighborhoods. This defense is little more than wishful thinking. Drug arrests occur 26 percent more often than violent crime arrests across the U.S., and these arrests disproportionately target minorities. By profiling minority neighborhoods more often, police are sure to find black perpetrators more often than white ones. Higher arrest rates in minority areas are defended by police as legitimate because minority areas “have higher crime rates.” But racial profiling itself creates higher crime rates in minority neighborhoods, creating a self-fulfilling prophecy.\nStudies of highway stops across many states have undercut police departments’ claims that they are not engaged in racial profiling. The virtue of these studies is that they take neighborhoods out of the equation, since Americans from all different communities use highways. But these studies also suggest rampant racial profiling. In Florida, the Orlando Sentinel newspaper found that 70 percent of vehicles pulled over in highway stops were against blacks, despite blacks constituting less than 10 percent of the driving population. In Maryland, 18 percent of all people pulled over were blacks, although they represented 70 percent of individuals who had their cars searched. In New Jersey, another study found 46 percent of those pulled over were black, although blacks were just 14 percent of highway drivers. In Illinois, a black highway driver was twice as likely as a white driver to be searched by state police\nOne might justify these imbalances in stops if African Americans were more likely to be found with drugs. This, however, was not the case. As the New York Times reports, across most states examined in traffic stops and searches, police officers “consistently found drugs, guns, or other contraband more often if the driver was white [than black].” In studies from North Carolina and Illinois, state and local police were consistently more likely to pull over and search blacks than whites, despite blacks being less likely to be found with drugs in nearly every locality examined.\nDeath Penalty Cases\nMinorities are more likely to be convicted in death penalty cases than whites. In the 1972 Supreme Court case Furman v. Georgia – which resulted in the Supreme Court declaring a temporary moratorium on the death penalty – evidence was presented by law professor David Baldus that minorities in Georgia were 1.7 times more likely to receive a death sentence than whites in capital offense trials. Death sentences were also 4.3 times more likely when the victim in a case was white as opposed to a minority. Racial discrimination in death penalty cases continues in modern times. As the New York Times reported in 2011, “Over the past three decades, the Baldus study has been replicated in about a dozen other jurisdictions, and they all reflect the same basic racial bias” in death penalty cases. For example, a University of Maryland study of more than 500 death penalty cases in Houston, Texas (where more executions have occurred than in any other state in the country), district attorney is historically more than three times as likely to advance death penalty cases for capital offenses in when a defendant is black rather than white. Many Americans believe that justice is blind to racial prejudice, but death penalty cases suggest that this is not the case.\nMedia Discrimination\nMedia stereotypes against minorities allow Americans to rationalize and defend a brutally discriminatory legal system. Communication scholars have long known that reporters traffic in racial stereotypes regarding crime and poverty. For example, Entman and Rojecki present evidence in their book, The Black Image in the White Mind, that the percent of blacks portrayed as perpetrators in stories on violent crime is well beyond the actual percentage of blacks who commit violent crimes. Similarly, whites are more often portrayed as victims of crime, at a higher rate than the actual number of white victims. These radically uneven portrayals threaten to create stereotypes in the American mind – to be black is to be an aggressor, to be white is to be a victim of black aggression. Political scientist Martin Gilens presents evidence that news stories on poverty depict blacks as in poor at a far higher rate than the actual number of blacks in poverty. In this case, a second stereotype is evident: to be black is to be poor, but to be white is to suffer through the burden of dealing with blacks who are poor.\nExperimental media studies suggest that racist stereotypes related to poverty and crime exert a significant effect on news audiences. White audiences that view crime stories with alleged black perpetrators are significantly more likely to support punitive, get-tough policies aimed at locking up criminals and throwing away the key. In contrast, white viewers are far less punitive in their attitudes when they view stories on crime with alleged white perpetrators. Similarly in the case of poverty, whites who see stories with a black woman receiving welfare are more likely to embrace negative stereotypes of blacks, and to oppose welfare spending as wasteful, compared to whites who see stories with a white woman receiving welfare.\nWe live in a culture in which the media embrace racist stereotypes, and those stereotypes are burned into the American psyche. Public opinion surveys suggest large differences between blacks and whites regarding their willingness to recognize racism. For example, one Newsweek survey done at the turn of the millennium found that white Americans were far more likely to claim that problems in black families stemmed from personal deficiencies rather than from structural forces. Most whites agreed that black family problems stemmed from “too many teenage girls having children,” “people depending too much on welfare,” “people not following moral and religious values,” “too many parents never getting married,” and from “drugs and alcoholism.” In contrast, less than half of whites agreed that family problems sprung from “not enough jobs paying decent wages” in black neighborhoods, from “racism in the workplace,” from “racism in society in general,” and from “public schools not providing a good education.” In contrast, while a majority of black respondents agreed that that survey items related to personal deficiencies explained problems in black communities, most blacks also agreed that structural issues were key to explaining black family struggles.\nMore recent evidence from a Pew 2016 survey finds continued denial among whites when it comes to structural problems that contribute to racial inequality. Whites are far less likely than blacks to agree that blacks “have a harder time getting ahead than whites” because of “racial discrimination,” “lower quality schools,” and a “lack of jobs.” These problems are real, and have been well documented by social scientists for decades, but much of white America is still reluctant to recognize these barriers to success. Despite the mountain of evidence explored above, just 19 percent of whites in the 2016 Pew survey agree that “discrimination built into laws and institutions” is a bigger problem than “discrimination based on the prejudice of individuals.” In contrast, 48 percent of African Americans agree that systemic, structural racism is a bigger problem than inter-personal racism.\nThe Dallas Shootings and Diversionary Racism\nAs tragic as the lone-wolf shooting of six Dallas police officers was (I know of no person who hasn’t condemned it), there is now a wholesale effort by many white Americans to draw attention to a supposed crisis of violence against police. The “Blue Lives Matter” slogan is growing increasingly popular among many right-wingers who denigrate Black Lives Matter. The Dallas shooting was rightly condemned by most all of America, but to claim that police shootings are an escalating threat to America, as many have in the wake of Dallas, is to obfuscate reality. The Washington Post reports that police are safer in their jobs today than at any time in the last forty years. During the Reagan presidency, an average of 101 police officers were killed per year. The number fell to 90 under George H. W. Bush, to 81 under Clinton, and to 72 under George W. Bush. Under the Obama administration, the average is 62 deaths per year.\nFor those who believe in equality, our path forward is not achieved by accepting efforts to divert attention from the systemic racial inequalities that plague this country. Superficial efforts to frame all citizens as already equal under the law, regardless of skin color, or to frame police as the victims of an escalating “war on cops” led by Black Lives Matter should be rejected out of hand. Racial strife in America will decline when the root causes of racial inequality are honestly and openly addressed. Until this happens, we should expect the protests in pursuit of racial equality to continue.\nFor readers looking to follow up on statistics cited in this piece, please see the following:\nOn public opinion of race and racism in America:\nPew Research Center, “On Views of Race and Inequality, Blacks and Whites are Worlds Apart,” June 27, 2016, http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2016/06/27/on-views-of-race-and-inequality-blacks-and-whites-are-worlds-apart/\nPolling Report, “Newsweek Poll,” April 16-19, 1999, com, http://www.pollingreport.com/race2.htm\nOn biased media coverage regarding race, poverty, and crime:\nRobert Entman and Andrew Rojecki, Black Image in the White Mind: Media and Race in Ameirca, University of Chicago Press, 2001.\nMartin Gilens, Why Americans Hate Welfare: Race, the Media, and the Politics of Antipoverty Policy, University of Chicago Press, 2000.\nMartin Gilens, “Race and Poverty in America: Public Misperceptions and the American News Media,” Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 60, No. 4, 1996, 515-541.\nOn the effects of racist media coverage on American beliefs:\nFrank Gilliam, “The ‘Welfare Queen’ Experiment,” Nieman Reports, 1999, http://niemanreports.org/articles/the-welfare-queen-experiment/\nFrank Gilliam and Shanto Iyengar, “Prime Suspects: The Influence of Local Television News on the Viewing Public,” American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 44, No. 3, 2000, https://pcl.stanford.edu/common/docs/research/gilliam/1999/primesuspects.pdf\nOn the death penalty as racist:\nEd Pilkington, “Research Exposes Racial Discrimination in America’s Death Penalty Capital,” Guardian, March 13, 2013, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/13/houston-texas-death-row-black-inmates\nDavid Dow, “Death Penalty, Still Racist and Arbitrary,” New York Times, July 8, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/09/opinion/09dow.html\nOn police brutality:\nTimothy Williams, “Study Supports Suspicion that Police are More Likely to Use Force on Blacks,” New York Times, July 7, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/08/us/study-supports-suspicion-that-police-use-of-force-is-more-likely-for-blacks.html\nQuoctrung Bui and Amanda Cox, “Surprising New Evidence Shows Bias in Police Use of Force but Not in Shootings,” New York Times, July 11, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/12/upshot/surprising-new-evidence-shows-bias-in-police-use-of-force-but-not-in-shootings.html\nOn racism in traffic stops and drug arrests/incarceration:\nSharon LaFraniere and Andrew Lehren, “The Disproportionate Risks of Driving While Black,” New York Times, October 24, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/25/us/racial-disparity-traffic-stops-driving-black.html\nNicole Flatow, “Police Made More Arrests for Drug Violations than Anything Else in 2012,” New York Times, September 17, 2013, http://thinkprogress.org/justice/2013/09/17/2627601/people-arrested-drug-abuse-violations-2012/\nKen Willis, “Fear of the Truth Drives Dodge of Racial Profiling Study,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2000, https://acluva.org/387/fear-of-the-truth-drives-dodge-of-racial-profiling-study/\nDaniel Burton Rose (editor), The Ceiling of America: An Inside Look at the U.S. Prison Industry, Common Courage Press, 2002.\nOn the relationship between poverty, crime, and violence:\nMarcus Berzofsky, “Household Poverty and Nonfatal Violent Victimization, 2008-2012,” Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 18, 2014, http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=5137\nOn declining deaths among police:\nChristopher Ingraham, “Police are Safer Under Obama Than They Have Been in Decades,” Washington Post, July 9, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/07/09/police-are-safer-under-obama-than-they-have-been-in-decades/\nAnthony DiMaggio is Associate Professor of Political Science at Lehigh University. He is the author of Rising Fascism in America: It Can Happen Here (Routledge, 2022), in addition to Rebellion in America (Routledge, 2020), and Unequal America (Routledge, 2021). He can be reached at: anthonydimaggio612@gmail.com. A digital copy of Rebellion in America can be read for free here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line610562"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9554012417793274,"wiki_prob":0.9554012417793274,"text":"Need A Good Jobs Story? Try Florida's Space Coast\nPublished 2:46 PM ET Fri, 7 Sept 2012 Updated 1:59 PM ET Tue, 19 Feb 2013 CNBC.com\nAt the height of the space shuttle program, there were 18,000 people working at the Kennedy Space Center.\nSpace Shuttle Endeavour\nWhen it ended last summer, that number dropped by more than half almost immediately.\nConventional wisdom was that the surrounding communities would suffer severe economic hardship.\nWhat CNBC learned from being on the ground there: It's not the case.\nUnemployment ballooned to 11.7 percent last August, but since then, there's been an impressive infusion of positive energy — not to mention millions of investment dollars ... and jobs. (Read More: New Jobs at 96,000, Missing Expectations; Rate Hits 8.1%.)\nBoeing , Embraer , SpaceX and Lockheed Martin are some of the companies that entered Brevard County to take advantage of Florida's business friendly environment and the Space Coast's highly skilled but under-utilized work force.\nEmbraer invested $50 million and established two facilities — a manufacturing plant and a showroom for their private jets.\n\"We narrowed it down to three states and six sites,\" said Gary Spulak, President of Embraer Aircraft Holdings. \"The one here in Melbourne caught our eye because of the qualified workforces that is available here, especially with the retirement of the Space Shuttle program.\"\nshow chapters\nReinventing the Space Coast 2:30 PM ET Fri, 7 Sept 2012\nYes, unemployment remains uncomfortably high, but it's down two whole points in a year. (Read More: America's Top States for Job Creation 2012.)\nEmbraer added 230 jobs. Midair SA, which leases and trades aircraft, hired 450 people in the area. SpaceX won a NASA contract and CEO Elon Musk said he will hire up to 1,000 people in the next four to five years. NASA also tabbed Boeing, which plans to add 550 jobs between now and 2015. These are not fly-by-night companies.\n\"Most of the people will be from the local workforce,\" said John Mulholland, vice president and program manager for Boeing's commercial crew program.\nThe logical question is exactly how this happened. How?\nThe first key was anticipation. Local leaders knew the space shuttle era was coming to a close, and they did not wait. (Read More: End of Space Shuttle Program to Have Far Reaching Impact.)\n\"We're still working on it,\" said Lynda Weatherman, CEO of the Space Coast Economic Development Commission. \"But we have been able to prove that if a community identifies a project early on and tries to start negotiating with the company early, that's your chance to mitigate [the loss of Shuttle program].\"\n\"We went out to the community, to our elected officials, and said we have a plan,\" she said. \"And we've been successful.\"\nIn the last year, Florida's Space Coast attracted more than 2,300 new jobs, $240 million in capital investment and $360 in new construction.\nDiversification was the second element of this quick economic recovery. In this region, that means moving beyond the space program — even beyond aeronautics.\nAccording to the Economic Development Commission, the biggest growth areas right now are professional services, construction, healthcare and and financial services.\n\"We are a community that faced this in the Apollo days, when Columbia exploded,\" Weatherman said. \"Being used to it doesn't make you immune to it — it makes you remember it.\"\nAnd that has helped the community get over it.\n—By CNBC's Brian Shactman and Jessica Golden\n@bshactman\nTo view this site, you need to have JavaScript enabled in your browser, and either the Flash Plugin or an HTML5-Video enabled browser. Download the latest Flash player and try again.\nShare this video...\nWatch Next...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line98689"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5249467492103577,"wiki_prob":0.5249467492103577,"text":"Parliamentary Economy: lifting the Second Amendment to the investment law for the final vote\nOalant committee of economy and investment parliamentary lifting the Investment Law No. 13 of 2006 to the final vote in parliamentary sessions over the next few days.\nAccording to a statement of the Commission received by the agency all of Iraq [where] a copy of it, it's on Wednesday held a meeting headed by Jawad al-Chairman of the Committee and in the presence of its members to discuss the final notes for the second amendment to the Iraqi Investment Law No. 13 of 2006 \".\nBolani said according to the statement that \"it was agreed to raise the Investment Law No. 13 of 2006 for the final vote during the next few days because of its importance at this critical stage after it has been putting the final touches to the law because it is important to strengthen the Iraqi economy movement, as well as the most solution realistic to the crisis that is currently afflicting the country due to the decline in oil prices in the markets Global and the resulting pressure on the state budget. \"\nHe noted that the \"Draft Amendments met all the conditions of the first reading and second and discussions punctuated by a series of conferences, seminars and meetings with all the relevant authorities.\"\nHe continued Bolani that \"observations raised during an expanded meeting of the Committee It was attended by the investment community representatives in government ministries and agencies and also several meetings with the private sector. \"\nHe explained that he \"was reached legal texts would activate the investment sector in ministries that rely mainly financed by the public budget,\" adding that \"the amendments will be responsive to the ambitious domestic and foreign private sector. \"\nand between the parliamentary economics chief said \"the majority of the Iraqi ministries, including the Ministry of Youth and Sports, Health, Trade and Industry as well as the ministries of defense, finance and possess the capabilities and capacities of a great Mkanat enable them to play an active role in economic development and to maximize the movement of investment if channeled properly to exploit potential in a scientific manner. \"\nHe noted that \"this means converting these energies than just assets and real estate and land inert to vital economic centers to stimulate the development wheel and supplement the general budget of the new revenues are added to oil imports.\"\nFor their part, accept members of the committee studies made ​​by the investment departments in ministries which included projects for the development of strategic industries needed by the country and its relationship to food security and health, which calls for a legal framework to include investment law allows for these ministries to exploit its assets in investment through the development of mechanisms and clear with the National Commission for Astosmar.anthy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1766390"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6052443981170654,"wiki_prob":0.39475560188293457,"text":"← Kumar Sangakkara admits the gospel truth\nSLC shortlists five coaches to replace Bayliss →\nSangakkara stresses that the players today are a product of the island’s cricket heritage\nSri Lanka cricket captain Kumar Sangakkara in conversation with Mr. Nimal Welgama, Managing Director of Upali Newspapers Limited at the launch of Rex Clementine’s book ‘From Rags to Riches’. Minister of Sports Mahindananda Aluthgamage is also in the picture.\nExcerpts from Kumar Sangakkara’s keynote speech:\nReverend Fathers and the members of the clergy, distinguished guests, invitees, the members of the media and, of course, the author of this wonderful book, Mr. Rex Clementine. I was taken aback and a bit surprised when Rex spoke to me personally and extended this invitation, but it was a pleasant surprise. I have known Rex as a journalist with an intense passion for the game ever since I started my national cricketing career. From that day onwards, it was very clear to me that this passion that drove Rex, the belief that he had in himself and his profession, was going to make his relationship with the cricket team and also the administration a very tempestuous one.\nWith Rex, there’s never going to be smooth sailing. With him, and I can vouch for that personally, no one will be able to escape investigation, inspection and analysis and at, sometimes, his displeasure. I have also been at times, at the receiving end of his praise and also his criticism. That’s something that I always have admired in Rex. I have never said this before to him openly, but this evening, having seen his book and having seen him over the last 10 years, I say this.\nWe as cricketers lead a very sheltered life. We have everything done for us. Sometimes, more often that not, we tend to get a bit too full of ourselves. We sometimes very wrongly think that we are special creations who ‘are above the rest of the mortals on earth’. Especially in the Asian sub-continent, cricketers very easily can get carried away with this. At the same time, we human beings, we of course never want to accept criticism, questioning of our ability, of our thinking, of our performances, but it is something that Rex and a few other dedicated and passionate journalists, who follow this sport everyday, who turn up for every press conference and who spend hours in research, who spend days asking the questions that need to be asked, getting the insight that the public needs to see, trying to get to know the players and deliver to the public, things they never see. And Rex has done that, fearlessly.\nWith his praise, he’s unsparing. With his questioning, he’s unsparing. With his criticism, no one can escape. I believe Rex has contributed a lot to cricket; the coverage of cricket and also the image of the cricketers themselves in this country. He has fearlessly and with a lot of belief, held strong to his views. Whether it be in his columns in newspapers or whether it be on ‘Sirasa TV’ with Mr. Arjuna Ranatunga. He has always held firm to his convictions.\nHe has also been a very intense topic of conversation sometimes even in our dressing room. However much we argue and analyse and we talk about him, at the end of the day, as cricketers we realise that there are things that need to be said, immeterial of whether we agree with that or not. Whether it’s comfortable with us or not. Journalism is a noble profession and his one article makes us stop and think, reflect, think some more, question ourselves a bit and make better informed decisions. I congratulate Rex today for going one step further and producing this magnificent book.\nMy father always told me to play cricket; it’s not just about batting and bowling and knowing how to score runs or take wickets or to field. To excel at something, you need to know its culture. You need to embrace its history. Books on cricket, which are very rare in Sri Lanka, published by Sri Lankan authors, is the best way of knowing who you are as a cricketer today and why you are here.\nWe sometimes think that we are here because we are talented; I am here because I can score runs and I am here because I have done the hard work in the club tournaments, in the ‘A’ side, in the national side and proved myself over and over again. To be able to sit here and stand here today in front of you. But in my view, I am just one part of Sri Lanka’s very rich cricketing legacy. I am a creation of that legacy. I am who I am today because of the great cricketers who are seated here today at this very table and in the audience, who paved the way for us to enjoy everything we have today. The hard journeys; the push for international recognition, the courage they have shown in the face of discrimation; the courage they have shown in the field in the absence of protective equipment; the courage that they have shown in the way they have carried themselves. The 1996 champions were part of that legacy. They won that World Cup because of the efforts of Sri Lankan cricketers’ efforts in past World Cups.\nWe are playing this 2011 World Cup as a result of those heroic efforts. Everything I have today; my lifestyle, my profession, my fame, my earnings, EVERYTHING, is a consequence of that legacy. For that, cricketers today must be very humble and very grateful. Because, without those, cricketers and without the fans, the person who watches us play, we are nothing.\nIn this book, I think, Rex has touched upon those thoughts, making a great cricketer, a great team. The dynamics, the works behind the scenes to create what we see on the field. Team spirit or the lack of it. A competent administration or the lack of it. Selection headaches, controversies. The thinking of players, the extremes to which players, administrators and fans will go to win a World Cup. And they do go for extremes – for Aravinda to become a vegetarian is very very extreme. But sometimes, we only see what we see on the field. We don’t get an opportunity to see behind the faces of cricketers to hear them voice their honest thoughts.\nIn press conferences today, we are asked questions and we give very well rehearsed, non-controversial answers. If we didn’t have the Cricket Board contracts, that bind us, I am sure the press conferences would be much more interesting.\nBut in a cricketers’ life time, very rarely can he speak candidly and Rex has given the great cricketers who have represented this country that opportunity, to vividly present their thoughts, their fears, their confidence, the things that made them tick, the things that worked for them in World Cups and the things that didn’t. I believe that it’s a very important thing for everyone to understand.\nWe are all mortals, we all make mistakes and we all passionately represent our country. We don our national colours and we look each other in the eye and we go to represent 20 million people on the field. We carry the dreams of the entire nation with us. We have seen in the past how important that has been in the Sri Lankan context. Through national strife, through conflict, throughout the war, through the tsunami and most other happenings, the social panacea that heals everything is cricket. This book will give an insight into what it takes to win the most coveted price in the cricketing world.\nRex, once again, thank you for inviting me and thank you even more for presenting and authoring this book. I believe that without any encouragement, you will continue with your crusade.\nI believe seeing a more personal side of you today with your faith as your foundation; I see you doing greater things in the future. I would like to leave with one thought for all of you, which Rex has realised. A weak man has his doubts before the decision. A strong man has them afterwards.\nLetter to the editor from Nimal Bhareti, 24 March 2011\nI read with great interest the excellent and polished keynote address delivered by Kumar Sangakkara at the launching of Rex Clementine’s book “From rags to riches” published in today’s Island. It was a speech not just of a cricketer, but also the deep and analytical thoughts of a voracious reader which he is reputed to be and lawyer, a very rare combination indeed these days where many cricketers just go after material gain. His in depth analysis of cricketers, their weaknesses and their limitations and his comments on the legacies of cricketers of the past and of the 1996 World Cup victory were simply brilliant.\nAs for Rex Clementine, he is by far the best sports writer and commentator. I haven’t seen his book but I make it a point to read all his articles and commentaries. I would specially wish to refer to the series of recent interviews with past cricketers and cricket administrators which threw much light on the Sri Lanka Cricket Board, its glorious days and its gradual decay. As Kumar has pointed out, RC’s comments are completely unbiased, very analytical and frank. It was indeed a compliment to him when Kumar mentioned that his comments were even discussed seriously in the dressing rooms. Unlike some sports writers he never pays pooja to individual cicketers or administrators.\nCongrats Sanga on your brilliant address and a bouquet to Rex Clementine for his very educative and analytical writing.\nNimal Bhareti\nFiled under cricket and life, performance, politics and cricket","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line868930"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8436790704727173,"wiki_prob":0.8436790704727173,"text":"Half of Aussies won’t vaccinate for flu\nOnly half of Australians plan to vaccinate against influenza this year, despite NSW suffering through one of its worst seasons last year.\nAbout 55 per cent of Aussies don’t intend to vaccinate before the upcoming flu season, a poll commissioned by the Pharmacy Guild of Australia has found.\nThe survey of 1000 people has also revealed Australian adults are often misinformed about the virus, which kills about 3,000 people across the nation each year.\nAround three out of four people (77 per cent) aren’t aware the disease can remain active when airborne for more than 45 minutes, the poll released on Tuesday showed.\nIt has also found more than half (57 per cent) of Australians mistakenly think they are at a low risk of contracting the flu.\nPharmacy Guild of Australia president George Tambassis said the flu virus can affect even fit and healthy people, and vaccinating against the disease is the best way for people to protect not only themselves but the broader community.\n“Flu vaccinations promote community immunity,” Mr Tambassis said in a statement on Tuesday.\n“If enough people are vaccinated against the infection, they can help protect those unable to be vaccinated, including immunocompromised/sick, or very young infants.”\nNSW recorded more than 100,000 cases of influenza notifications last flu season – one of the busiest since the 2009 pandemic.\nAlmost one in two baby boomers were vaccinated last year while less than a third of millennials had the jab, the guild’s survey showed.\nCategories: Health, Lifestyle","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line228021"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9374697208404541,"wiki_prob":0.9374697208404541,"text":"Red Cross of Constantine\nThis article is about the Christian order of freemasonry. For the Catholic order of chivalry, see Order of the Holy Sepulchre.\nThe Red Cross of Constantine, or more formally the Masonic and Military Order of the Red Cross of Constantine and the Appendant Orders of the Holy Sepulchre and of St John the Evangelist, is a Christian fraternal order of Freemasonry. Candidates for the order must already be members of Craft Freemasonry (lodge) and Royal Arch Freemasonry (chapter); they must also be members of the Christian religion, and proclaim their belief in the Christian doctrine of the Holy Trinity.[1]\nThe breast jewels (medals) worn by members of the English jurisdiction of the Order.\nThe Masonic and Military Order of the Red Cross of Constantine is a three-degree Order of masonry, and with its \"Appendant Orders\" a total of five degrees are conferred within this system. Installation as a “Knight of the Red Cross of Constantine” is admission to the Order’s first degree. There are two more degrees which follow, and also the two other distinct Orders of Masonry (both Christian in character) which are under the control of each national (or regional) Grand Imperial Conclave of the Order.\n1 The Order of the Red Cross of Constantine\n1.1 First Degree – Knight-Mason\n1.2 Second Degree – Priest-Mason (or Installed Eusebius)\n1.3 Third Degree – Prince-Mason\n2 The Appendant Orders\n2.1 The Order of the Holy Sepulchre\n2.2 The Order of St John the Evangelist\n4 International extent\n4.2 Former jurisdictions\n5.1 Original chivalric orders\nThe Order of the Red Cross of ConstantineEdit\nThe Cross fleury with IHSV, symbol of the Order of the Red Cross of Constantine.\nFirst Degree – Knight-MasonEdit\nOn admission to the Order a member becomes a Knight-Mason, or a Knight of the Red Cross of Constantine. This ceremony is known as installation, and is performed in a ‘Conclave’. A Conclave is the regular unit of this Order, and the name for any assembly of members of the Order’s first degree. The ceremony is short and simple, but teaches valuable moral lessons to the candidate, based upon the story of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great,[2] and the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.\nSecond Degree – Priest-Mason (or Installed Eusebius)Edit\nOn election to serve as Viceroy (the second in command of a Conclave), a member must be admitted to the second degree, by which ceremony he becomes a Venerable Priest-Mason, or an Installed Eusebius. This ceremony is performed in a ‘College’ of Priests-Mason. A College is the name for any assembly of members of the Order’s second degree. The ceremony is highly spiritual in nature, and incorporates more overtly religious symbolism and ritual. Having received this degree the Installed Eusebius or Priest-Mason is entitled to serve as Viceroy in his own, or any other, Conclave or College. In general this degree may only be conferred on those elected to serve as Viceroy of a Conclave, although exceptions are possible by dispensation.\nThird Degree – Prince-MasonEdit\nOn election to serve as Sovereign (the leader of a Conclave), a member must be admitted to the third degree, by which ceremony he becomes a Perfect Prince-Mason. The ceremony is performed in a ‘Senate’ of Princes-Mason. A Senate is the name for any assembly of members of the Order’s third degree. Having received this degree the Prince-Mason is entitled to serve as Sovereign in his own, or any other, Conclave or Senate. Except by dispensation, this degree is only ever conferred on those elected as Sovereign. As with all masonic degrees, it may only be conferred on a person once - therefore a person becoming Sovereign for a second time, or in a different Conclave, would be appointed and installed into office, and would not go for a second time through the full degree ceremony.\nThe Appendant OrdersEdit\nThe Jerusalem cross within a circle and cross, symbol of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre.\nThe crowned eagle, symbol of the Order of Saint John the Evangelist.\nTwo additional Christian Orders of Masonry are under the control of the Grand Imperial Conclaves (national ruling bodies) of the Red Cross of Constantine. One is the Order of the Holy Sepulchre and the other is the Order of St John the Evangelist. Each of these Orders consists of a single degree or ceremony, and although the two Orders are conferred separately, they are usually conferred on the same day, one straight after the other. It is a rule of most jurisdictions that a member of the first degree of the Red Cross of Constantine must subsequently take these two Appendant Orders, before he may be considered qualified to proceed to the second and third degrees of the Red Cross of Constantine.\nThe Order of the Holy SepulchreEdit\nThe Masonic Order should not be confused with the identically named Order of the Holy Sepulchre within the Roman Catholic Church. Although both Orders recall the same historical events, there is no actual connection between them. The Masonic Order of the Holy Sepulchre has a long and complex ritual of symbolic meaning, based upon the legend of knights guarding the supposed place of burial of Jesus Christ. Both the Masonic and ecclesiastical Orders take the Jerusalem Cross as their symbol, but whereas the ecclesiastical Order displays this cross in red on a white shield,[3] the Masonic Order displays the cross within a circle set at the centre of a Cross potent; on the jewel (medal) of the Order, this badge is further enclosed within a black and gold lozenge.[4] A meeting of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre takes place in a ‘Sanctuary’,[5] and the presiding officer is called the 'Prelate'.\nThe Order of St John the EvangelistEdit\nThis Order is conferred in a short ceremony of an overtly Christian character; it is common for the Order of St John the Evangelist to be conferred on the same day as the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, one ceremony occurring straight after the other. A meeting of the Order of St John the Evangelist takes place in a ‘Commandery’,[5] and the presiding officer is called the 'Commander'. The jewel of the Order of St John the Evangelist features a silver eagle with its wings extended, to which a crown is added in reference to the role of Commander, or any member of the Order who is a current or past Commander. The eagle is a traditional symbol of St John the Evangelist.[6]\nThe position of the Red Cross of Constantine among the Masonic appendant bodies in England and Wales\nSince at least the 18th century, Freemasonry has incorporated symbols and rituals of several Medieval military orders in a number of Masonic bodies, most notably, in the \"Red Cross of Constantine\" (derived from the Military Constantinian Order), the \"Order of Malta\" (derived from the Sovereign Military Order of Malta), and the \"Order of the Temple\" (derived from the historical Knights Templar), the latter two featuring prominently in the York Rite.\nTracing the precise origins of these Orders has proved problematic to historians, not least due to the large number of fraternal organisations whose titles include, or have historically included, the phrase \"Red Cross\". It seems likely that the Order of the Red Cross of Constantine was being worked in England by 1780, but following several re-organisations the earliest documented date of the Order in its present form is 1865, when its constitution was formally established by Robert Wentworth Little.[7] In time it became one of the ten 'additional' Masonic Orders (or families of Orders) controlled from a common headquarters at Mark Masons' Hall, London. Following the establishment of Conclaves in overseas nations, a number of sovereign foreign Grand Imperial Councils (ruling bodies) have been established.\nInternational extentEdit\nThe Order of the Red Cross of Constantine operates around the world in more than 40 different nations. All regular jurisdictions trace their historical origin to the Grand Imperial Conclave for England and Wales. The following table shows the countries in which the Order is active, and the national or state jurisdiction responsible for the Order in that country.\nJurisdiction (Grand Imperial Conclave - \"GIC\")\nGIC for NSW and ACT\nGIC for Queensland\nGIC for South Australia\nGIC for Victoria\nGIC for Western Australia\nUniquely, Australia has separate State jurisdictions, for each mainland State.\nNo national GIC exists.\nAustralia (Tasmania) GIC of Scotland Tasmania Division, of the GIC of Scotland, in the sole authority on Tasmania.\nGIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas\nGIC of Scotland\nEnglish Conclaves belong to Jamaica Division.\nScottish Conclaves belong to Caribbean Division.\nEnglish Conclaves administered from London.\nBelgium GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Benelux Division\nBenin GIC for Benin Established on 24 May 2017 out of the former Benin Division of the GIC for France.\nBrazil GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nBulgaria GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nCanada GIC of Canada There are also two Conclaves in British Columbia under the GIC of Scotland.\nCroatia GIC for Croatia\nCyprus GIC for Cyprus There is also one Conclave (Akritas Conclave No 14, Nicosia) controlled by the GIC for Greece.[8]\nDenmark The RCC is recognised as being controlled by the Swedish Rite Grand Lodge of Denmark\nEngland GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas\nFinland GIC for Finland\nFrance GIC for France\nGIC of Germany\nThe German GIC has jurisdiction across the country. Additionally, there are (by mutual consent) three Conclaves still operating as a Division under the GIC of Scotland (one each in Sigillum, Berlin, and Bremen).\nGreece GIC for Greece & its Conclaves abroad\nGuatemala United GIC of the USA, Mexico, & the Philippines Division of Mexico & Guatemala\nGuinea (region) GIC for the Gulf of Guinea Controls Conclaves throughout the region, from Togo to Gabon.\nNot currently recognised as regular by the GIC for England.\nHong Kong GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nIndia GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nItaly GIC for Italy Except the island of Sicily.\nItaly (Sicily) United GIC of the USA, Mexico, & the Philippines The American jurisdiction claims authority over the island of Sicily.[9]\nJamaica GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Jamaica Division\nKenya GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nLuxembourg GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Benelux Division\nMadagascar GIC for France Madagascar Division\nMalaysia GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nMalta GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nMauritius GIC for Mauritius Established in October 2019 out of the former Mauritius Division of the GIC for France.\nMexico United GIC of the USA, Mexico, & the Philippines Division of Mexico & Guatemala\nNetherlands GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Benelux Division\nNew Zealand GIC for New Zealand\nNorway The RCC is recognised as being controlled by the Swedish Rite Grand Lodge of Norway\nPapua New Guinea GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nPhilippines United GIC of the USA, Mexico, & the Philippines\nScotland GIC of Scotland\nSingapore GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Conclaves administered from London.\nSlovenia GIC for Italy Italian conclaves in Slovenia are due to establish an autonomous Grand Imperial Conclave.\nSouth Africa GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas Eastern Cape Division\nNatal Division\nTransvaal, Orange Free State, & Northern Cape Division\nThere is also a single Conclave in Johannesburg under the GIC of Scotland.\nSweden The RCC is recognised as being controlled by the Swedish Rite Grand Lodge of Sweden\nTrinidad and Tobago GIC of Scotland Caribbean Division\n(except Maine) United GIC of the USA, Mexico, & the Philippines All US territory except the State of Maine.\nMaine GIC for the State of Maine Maine remains independent, unlike other States.[10]\nWales GIC for England & Wales & its Divisions & Conclaves overseas\nNorth AmericaEdit\nThe Order had arrived in Canada by 1869 (McLeod Moore Conclave No 13, St John's, New Brunswick), with nine more Conclaves warranted in 1870 (one in Montreal, and the others in the Ontarian cities of Hamilton, London, Peterborough, Toronto, Kingston, Orillia, Trenton, and Belleville) by the English Grand Imperial Conclave,[11]: 55 which had appointed Colonel W. J. B. MacLeod Moore as the Chief Inspector General of the Order for the Dominion of Canada.[12] Although the Canadian members were highly instrumental in introducing the Order into the United States, where it sought independence within just months, the Order in Canada remained under English control for twenty years, until the Grand Imperial Council of Canada was established in 1890.\nThe Grand Imperial Council of the United States of America, Mexico, and the Philippines has jurisdiction throughout the United States, except the State of Maine. According to its own centenary history, the first American Conclave was United States Premier Conclave No 38 at Washington, Pennsylvania (now Conclave No 1 in America).[12] However, the records of the English Grand Conclave show warrant No 38 applying to St James' Conclave at Maitland, in Canada. Both sources agree that it was consecrated on 14 December 1870. The English records show the first Conclaves consecrated in the United States to have been Cleveland Conclave No 39 at Cleveland, Ohio, and Cincinnati Conclave No 40 at Cincinnati, Ohio, both consecrated in 1871.[11]: 55–56\nIn 1871 and 1872 a large number of Conclaves were consecrated in Pennsylvania, Illinois, and New York,[11]: 56–58 and during 1872 sovereign Grand Imperial Councils were founded in all three States, starting with Pennsylvania on 14 June 1872. In the following three years, Grand Imperial Conclaves were established in the states of Massachusetts, Michigan, Kentucky, Indiana, Vermont, Maine and New Jersey.[12] In 1907 most of the individual jurisdictions were united into the GIC of the United States of America, and in 1946 the name was changed to reflect the operation of Conclaves in Mexico and the Philippines.[13]\nIn 1894, the Grand Imperial Council of Pennsylvania had withdrawn from the Union and established a rival jurisdiction. The two rival authorities, having long co-existed, entered into dialogue in the 1950s, and were reconciled and reunited on 18 February 1958,[12][13] into the single jurisdiction for almost the whole of the United States.\nThe Red Cross Masons of Maine have chosen to maintain their independence, with their own Grand Imperial Council. The State of Vermont also had its own independent Grand Imperial Council until 1997; in that year Vermont voted to close its independent body, and to be incorporated into the United GIC.[14]\nFormer jurisdictionsEdit\nThere is a small number of places where the Order has commenced work, but subsequently withdrawn, the earliest being the British Crown dependencies of Jersey and Guernsey. Doyle Conclave No 7 in Court Place, Guernsey, and Concord Conclave No 8 in St Helier, Jersey, were consecrated in 1868 at a time when the Order had just 6 Conclaves (4 in London and 2 in Edinburgh), but they were short-lived, and both had been removed from the role of Conclaves by 1923. A similar story applies to the British overseas territory of Gibraltar, where Mediterranean Conclave No 11 was consecrated in 1870, but did not survive.[15]: 58\nIn addition, a number of Conclaves were founded in territories of the British Empire or later British dependencies, but failed to survive the changing demographics of independence. Examples of these include Aden Conclave at Aden in modern-day Yemen, Indus Valley Conclave at Mooltan in modern-day Pakistan, St Louis & St Cyprian Conclave in Tunis, Tunisia, Excelsior Conclave at Moulmein in Burma, Lanka Conclave in Sri Lanka, and Rhodesia Conclave in Mufulira in northern Zambia.[15]: 61–65\nIn 1942 the Grand Imperial Council of Scotland chartered a new Conclave to meet in Belfast, Northern Ireland. However, following complaints from the Irish masonic authorities the conclave was never consecrated.[16] There remains no Red Cross masonry in Ireland.\nKnights Templar (Freemasonry)\nOriginal chivalric ordersEdit\nSacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George\nOrder of the Holy Sepulchre\n^ Jackson, Keith (1980). Beyond the Craft (First ed.). Shepperton, Middlesex: Lewis Masonic. ISBN 0-85318-248-5.\n^ Details here of the basis of the ritual story, and the history of Constantine.\n^ See the website of the Order.\n^ Illustrated at this site.\n^ a b \"Freemasonry Today periodical (Issue Winter 2003)\". UGLE. Archived from the original on 2010-09-27. Retrieved 2010-09-24.\n^ See \"art\" section of his entry at The Catholic Encyclopedia on-line.\n^ These dates, names, and details are rehearsed on this history page, written by the Hampshire Division of the Order.\n^ See GIC for Greece List of Conclaves.\n^ See Eboracum Conclave website.\n^ See RCC American history here.\n^ a b c Report of Proceedings and Year Book. London: Grand Imperial Conclave of England & Wales. 2013. ISBN 978-0-85318-435-5.\n^ a b c d Duncan, Herbert, ed. (1972). \"Historical Sketch\" (PDF). United Grand Imperial Council of the United States, Mexico, & The Philippines. Retrieved 29 April 2020.\n^ a b \"The History of the Order\". Grand Imperial Conclave for Croatia. Retrieved 29 April 2020.\n^ Details on the final page of this York Rite publication.\n^ a b \"Roll of Conclaves\". Report of Proceedings and Yearbook (2020 ed.). London: Mark Masons Hall Ltd. 4 December 2020. ISBN 978-1-913974-00-8.\n^ \"Conclaves\". Roll of the Grand Conclave (2018-2019 ed.). Perth, Scotland: Grand Imperial Council of Scotland. 2018. p. 10.\nRed Cross of Constantine in England and Wales (website under construction)\nRed Cross of Constantine in the United States of America and Mexico\nGrand Imperial Council of Maine\nRed Cross of Constantine in Scotland\nGrand Imperial Conclave of New South Wales & Australian Capital Territory\nPage of links to multiple Red Cross of Constantine official websites.\nRetrieved from \"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_Cross_of_Constantine&oldid=1020135497\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1059579"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5079454779624939,"wiki_prob":0.5079454779624939,"text":"The Myth of the Rule of Law and the Future of Repression\nBy Keith Preston on December 21, 2011 • ( 1 Comment )\nMy latest piece for AlternativeRight.Com.\nRichard’s post, “Obama’s Ennabling Act,” raises some interesting questions regarding the significance of the recently passed National Defense Authorization Act, and its probable impact, that I believe merit further discussion. The editorial issued on December 17 by the editors of Taki’s Magazine, “The Government v. Everyone,” represents fairly well the shared consensus of critics of the NDAA whose ranks include conservative constitutionalists and left-wing civil libertarians alike. While I share the opposition to the Act voiced by these critics, I also believe that Richard is correct to point out the questionable presumptions regarding legal and constitutional theory and alarmist rhetoric that have dominated the critics’ arguments.\nWholesale abrogation of core provisions of the U.S. Constitution is hardly rare in American history. The literature of leftist or libertarian historians of American politics is filled with references to the Alien and Sedition Act, Lincoln’s assumption of dictatorial powers during the Civil War, the repression of the labor movement during WWI, the internment of the Japanese during WW2 and so forth. Mainstream liberal critics of these aspects of American history will lament the manner by whichAmerica supposedly strays so frequently from her high-minded ideals, whereas more radical leftist critics will insist such episodes illustrate what a rotten society America always was right from the beginning.\nMeanwhile, conservatives will lament how the noble, almost god-like efforts of the revered “Founding Fathers” have been perverted and destroyed by subsequent generations of evil or misguided liberals, socialists, atheists, or whomever, thereby plunging the nation into the present dark era of big government and moral decadence. These systems of political mythology not withstanding, a more realist-driven analysis of the history of the actual practice of American statecraft might conclude that such instances of the state stepping outside of its own proclaimed ideals or breaking its own ruled transpire because, well, that’s what states do.\nCarl Schmitt considered the essence of politics to be the existence of organized collectives with the potential to engage in lethal conflict with one another. Max Weber defined the state as an entity claiming a monopoly on the legitimate use of violence. Schmitt’s dictum, “Sovereign is he who decides on the state of exception,” indicates there must be some ultimate rule-making authority that decides what constitutes “legitimacy” and what does not, and that this sovereign entity is consequently not bound by its own rules. This principle is descriptive rather than prescriptive or normative in nature. Schmitt’s conception of the political is simply an analysis of “how things work” as opposed to “what ought to be.”\nLike all other political collectives, the United States possesses a body of political mythology whose function is to convey legitimacy upon its own state. For Americans, this mythology takes on the form of what Robert Bellah identified as the “civil religion.” The tenants of this civil religion grant Americans a unique and exceptional place in history as the Promethean purveyors of “freedom,” “democracy,” “equality,” “opportunity,” or some other supposedly noble ideal. According to this mythology, America takes on the role of a providential nation that is in some way particularly favored by either a vague, deist-like divine force (Jefferson’s “nature’s god”) in the mainstream politico-religious culture, or the biblical god in the case of the evangelicals, or the progressive forces of history for left-wing secularists. The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution are the sacred writings of the American civil religion. It is no coincidence that constitutional fundamentalists and religious fundamentalists are often the same people. Prominent “founding fathers” such as Washington or Madison assume the role of prophets or patriarchs akin to Moses and Abraham.\nIn American political and legal culture, this civil religion and body of political mythology becomes intertwined with the liberal myth of the “rule of law.” According to this conception, “law” takes on an almost mystical quality and the Constitution becomes a kind of magical artifact (like the genie’s lantern) whose invocation will ostensibly ward off tyrants. This legal mythology is often expressed through slogans such as “We should be a nation of laws and not men” (as though laws are somehow codified by forces or entities other than mere mortal humans) and public officials caught acting outside strict adherence to legal boundaries are sometimes vilified for violation of “the rule of law.” (I recall comical pieties of this type being expressed during the Iran-Contra scandal of the late 1980s.) Ultimately, of course, there is no such thing as “the rule of law.” There is only the rule of the “sovereign.” The law is always subordinate to the sovereign rather than vice versa. Schmitt’s conception of the political indicates that the world is comprised first and foremost of brawling collectives struggling on behalf of each of their existential prerogatives. The practice of politics amounts to street-gang warfare writ large where the overriding principle becomes “protect one’s turf!” rather than “rule of law.”\nAs an aside, I am sometimes asked how my general adherence to Schmittian political theory can be reconciled with my anarchist beliefs. However, it was my own anarchism that initially attracted me to the thought of Schmitt. His recognition of the essence of the political as organized collectives with the potential to engage in lethal conflict and his understanding of sovereignty as exemption from the rule-making authority of the state have the ironic effect of stripping away and destroying the systems of mythology on which states are built. Schmitt’s analysis of the nature of the state is so penetrating that it gives the game away. Politics is simply about maintaining power. Period.\nAnother irony is that Schmitt helped to clarify my anarchist beliefs considerably. I adhere to the dictionary definition of anarchism as the goal of replacing the state with a confederation or agglomeration of voluntary communities (while recognizing a certain degree of subjectivity to the question of what is “voluntary” and what is not). Theoretically, anarchist communities could certainly reflect the values of ideological anarchists like Kropotkin, Rothbard, or Dorothy Day. But such communities could also be organized on the model of South Africa’s Orania, or traditionalist communities like the Hasidim or Amish, or fringe cultural elements like UFO true-believers. Paradoxically, such communities could otherwise reflect the “normal” values of Middle America(minus the state).\nThe concept of fourth generation warfare provides a key insight as to how political anarchism can be reconciled with the political theory of Carl Schmitt. According to fourth generation theory as it has been outlined by Martin Van Creveld and William S. Lind, the state is in the process of receding as the loyalties of populations are being transferred to other entities such as religions, tribes, ideological movements, gangs, cults, paramilitaries, or whatever. Scenarios are emerging with increasing frequency where such non-state actors engage in warfare with states or in the place of states. Lebanon’s Hezbollah, which has essentially replaced the Lebanese state as both the defender of the nation and as the provider of necessary services on which the broader population depends, is a standard model of a fourth generation entity. In other words, Hezbollah has replaced the state as the sovereign entity in Lebanese society.\nAnother example is Columbia’s FARC, which has likewise dislodged the Colombian state as the sovereign in FARC-controlled territorial regions. The implication of this for political anarchism is that for the anarchist goal of autonomous, voluntary communities to succeed, a non-state entity (or collection of entities) must emerge that is capable of protecting the communities from conquest or subversion and possesses the will to do so. In other words, for anarchism to work there must be in place the equivalent of an anarchist version of Hezbollah that replaces the state as the sovereign in the wider society, probably in the form of a decentralized militia confederation similar to that organized by the Anarchists of Catalonia during the Spanish Civil War…in case anyone was wondering.\nThe Future of Repression\nDealing with more immediate questions, the passage of the National Defense Authorization Act raises the issue of to what level repression carried out by the American state in the future will be taken, and of what particular form this repression will assume. I agree with Richard that it is improbable that NDAA represents any significant change of direction or dramatic acceleration in these areas. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that American political dissidents (the readers of AlternativeRight.Com, for instance) will be subject to mass arrests and indefinite detention without trial. Such tactics are likely to be reserved for individuals, primarily foreigners, genuinely involved or believed to be involved in the planning of acts of actual terrorism against American targets. There is at present very little of that within the context of domestic American society.\nHowever, the unwarranted nature of Alex Jones-style alarmism does not mean there is no danger on the horizon. What is needed is a healthy medium between panic and complacency. Richard has argued that our present systems of soft totalitarianism that we find in the contemporary Western world may well give way to hard totalitarianism as Cultural Marxism/Totalitarian Humanism continues to tighten its grip. While this is a concern that I share and a prophecy that I regrettably think has a considerable chance of fulfillment, the question arises of what form “hard” totalitarianism might take in the future of the West.\nIt is unlikely we will ever develop states in the West that are organized on the classical totalitarian model complete with over the top pageantry and heads of states with strange uniforms and facial hair, given the way in which these are inimical to the universalist ideology, globalist ambitions, commercial interests, and aesthetic values of Western elites. Rather, I suspect the future of Western repression will take on either one of two forms (or perhaps a combination of both).\nOne of these is a model where repression rarely involves long term imprisonment or state-sponsored lethal action against dissidents. Instead, such repression might take on the form of persistent and arbitrary harassment, or the ongoing escalation of the use of professional and economic sanctions, targeting the families and associates of dissidents, or the petty criminalization of those who speak or act in defiance of establishment ideology. Richard has discussed the recent events involving Emma West and David Duke, and well as his own treatment at the hands of the Canadian authorities, and I suspect it is state action of this type that will largely define Western repression in the foreseeable future.\nThe state may not murder you or put you in prison for decades without trial, but you may lose your job, have your professional licensees revoked or the social service authorities threaten to remove your children from your home, or be subject to significant but brief harassment by legal authorities. You man find yourself brought up on minor criminal charges (akin to those that might be levied against a shoplifter or a pot smoker) if you utter the wrong words. Likewise, the state will increasingly look the other way as the use of extra-legal violence by leftist and other pro-system thugs is employed against dissenters. Indeed, much of what I have outlined here is already taking place and it can be expected that such incidents will become much more frequent and severe in the years and decades ahead. What I have outlined in this paragraph largely defines the practice of political repression as it currently exists in the West, particularly outside the United States, where traditions upholding free speech do not run quite as deeply.\nHowever, this by no means indicates that Americans are off the hook. An even greater issue of concern, particularly for the United States, involves the convergence of four factors within contemporary American society and statecraft. These are the decline of the American empire in spite of the continuation of America’s massive military-industrial complex, mass immigration and radical demographic transformation, rapid economic deterioration and the disappearance of the conventional American middle class, and the growth of the general apparatus of state repression over the last four decades (the prison-industrial complex frequently criticized by the Left, for instance).\nThe combination of mass Third World immigration and ongoing economic decline, if continued uninterrupted, will have the effect of replicating the traditional Third World model class system in theU.S. (and perhaps much of the West over time). A class system organized on the basis of an opulent few at the top and impoverished many among the masses (the Brasillian model, for instance) will likely be accompanied by escalating social unrest and political instability. Such trends will be ever more greatly exacerbated by growing social, cultural, and ethnic conflict brought about by demographic change.\nThe American state has at its disposal an enormous military industrial complex that, frankly, wants to remain in business even as foreign military adventures continue to become less politically and economically viable. Likewise, the ongoing domestic wars waged by the American state against drugs, crime, gangs, guns, et. al. have generated a rather large “police industrial complex” with American borders. Libertarian writers such as William Norman Grigg have diligently documented the ongoing process of the militarization of American law enforcement and the continued blurring of distinctions between the rules of engagement involving soldiers on the battlefield on one hand and policemen dealing with civilians on the other. The literature of libertarian critics is filled with horror stories of, for instance, small town mayors having their household pets blown away by SWAT team membersduring the course of bungled drug raids.\nThe point is that as economic and social unrest, along with increasingly intense demographic conflict, continues to arise as it likely will in the foreseeable American future, the state will have at its disposal a significant apparatus for the carrying out of genuinely brutal repression of the kind normally associated with Latin American or Middle Eastern countries. Recall, for example, the “disappeared” ofLatin America during the 1970s and 1980s. It is not improbable that we dissidents in the totalitarian humanist states of the postmodern West will face a dangerous brush with such circumstances at some point in the future.\nA Year of Upheaval, A Year of Upping the Stakes\nThe Stark Truth: Interview with William Norman Grigg\n“According to this conception, “law” takes on an almost mystical quality and the Constitution becomes a kind of magical artifact…”\nYou see this is those youtube videos where some poor sap is quoting statutes as the bronze are slamming his head into the pavement as if it were an incantation.\nA lot of Americans, myself included need to learn how to fall out of love with the founding fathers. I think that on some sort of subconscious level we are still prone to adhere to the law of the heroes and will not feel entitled to question their authority until we accomplish some similar noble deeds. What this entails is ambiguous but I guess we’ll know when we’re there.\n“One of these is a model where repression rarely involves long term imprisonment or state-sponsored lethal action against dissidents. Instead, such repression might take on the form of persistent and arbitrary harassment, or the ongoing escalation of the use of professional and economic sanctions, targeting the families and associates of dissidents, or the petty criminalization of those who speak or act in defiance of establishment ideology.”\nThis is effective but more like damage control, more tactic than policy. There is not much money to be made in this approach so I can’t imagine it being an established protocol. Someone has to be making money somewhere for any mechanism to last. We are past the point of of employing force to protect profit, force itself must turn profit.\n“It is not improbable that we dissidents in the totalitarian humanist states of the postmodern West will face a dangerous brush with such circumstances at some point in the future.”\nAt this point I would encourage any bright young motivated dissidents to stay out of the game. Like right now, make this the last time you visit this site, keep your name clean and adopt the outward appearance of the Bourgeoisie, buy a Volvo and keep your mouth shut. Get in there, join the Army, become a rockstar, whatever, don’t be where they will be looking for you. Be subtle, be quiet, when you see the opportunity be heroic.\nA Misunderstood Idea: Troy Southgate's National-Anarchist Movement (N-AM) Manifesto\nPersonality Types And Religion\nSomething sounds kind of familiar about this\nThe Supreme Court, and the Prospects for National Divorce\nPeter Zeihan - How China is going to Vanish","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line844942"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9638237953186035,"wiki_prob":0.9638237953186035,"text":"High school group relaxes soccer rules on religious headwear\nFeb. 11, 2021 at 9:48 am Updated Feb. 11, 2021 at 9:48 am\nINDIANAPOLIS (AP) — The National Federation of State High School Associations announced Thursday that it will no longer require state approval to allow soccer players to wear religious headwear during games.\nUnder the new regulations, religious headwear cannot be made of abrasive or hard material and must fit securely. Head coverings for medical or cosmetic reasons will still require a physician’s statement before a state high school association can grant approval.\nPreviously, state athletic associations had to approve all head coverings.\nThe decision comes one week after the national governing body announced a similar rules change in volleyball.\nMore AP soccer: https://apnews.com/Soccer and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line284077"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5196577310562134,"wiki_prob":0.5196577310562134,"text":"“I believe that it will be the kids who grow up and learn in diverse communities who will solve the problems of inequality and injustice in the United States.”–Dr. Melanie (Ferrara) Finkenbinder, Valedictorian, Class of 2000\nNovember 4, 2016 November 4, 2016 ~ selexperience\t~ Leave a comment\nSEL teachers are always making a difference in the lives of their students, although they may not realize how much of a lasting difference they’re making every day. Melanie Kay (Ferrara) Finkenbinder, Valedictorian of the Class of 2000, spoke with us recently about what she’s been up to since graduation and how her teachers and her time at South Euclid-Lyndhurst Schools influenced the person she has become.\nWorking now as a primary care physician at Lower Lights Christian Health Center in Columbus, Melanie serves the Latin American immigrant population. She is also a medical student educator and is pursuing a Master’s degree in Global Public Health. “The part of Columbus our clinic serves is a food desert. There are few grocery stores in the area and many of our patients are food insecure. One new initiative in our health center is the addition of a free ‘grocery store’ right in our building.” Melanie is devoted to improving the health of Columbus’s Latino population—making sure they have equal access to health care in spite of the poverty and discrimination she sees her patients face everyday.\nAfter leaving Brush, Melanie attended Washington University in St. Louis and went on to medical school at The Ohio State University. Melanie is married to David, a structural engineer, and they have two sons: Paul (3) and Henry (1).\nMelanie’s Spanish language classes at Brush have paid off, as did her semester abroad in Chile during college. She uses her foreign language skills every day as she speaks Spanish to her patients and to her children at home. In discussing her time at Brush, Melanie reflects on the classes and teachers that made a difference in her life and helped shape her future. “Ms. Doerder’s AP Biology class was hugely formative. It’s how I, and at least six of my classmates become interested in medical science, and decided to become physicians.\nThe AP teachers and their hands-on approach influenced me to excel. Ms. Cassidy, Mr. Welsh, Mr. Mastrobuono, Mr. Nemecek, and Ms. Clemson helped me to become a leader and learn to work as a team member.” In addition to her AP classes, Melanie was very involved at Brush, serving on Student Congress, participating in the theater program, and being part of the softball, soccer, and swimming teams.\nMelanie’s future goal is to move with her family to a developing country to help set up a health system from the ground up. This desire to help the underserved and level the playing field is common among many Brush graduates. Melanie feels that attending SEL Schools made a difference in her perspective about the world. “The more that we continue to segregate ourselves by skin color and religion, the more we will continue to misunderstand each other. I believe that it will be the kids who grow up and learn in diverse communities who will solve the problems of inequality and injustice in the United States.”\n“We don’t live in a world where everyone is the same, so why should our school experience be any different from what’s out there in the real world?” –Mary Noakes Mosquera, Brush Valedictorian 2010\nAugust 23, 2016 November 4, 2016 ~ selexperience\t~ Leave a comment\nIn her 2010 Valedictory speech, Mary Noakes Mosquera had some sage advice for her fellow Brush graduates: “We define greatness and success for ourselves.” Mary has been defining her own success in the years since her graduation. After graduating summa cum laude from the Dietetics program at Ohio State University and completing her Dietetic Internship at Bradley University, Mary moved to Long Island in New York where she accepted a position as a Registered Dietician at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center. She hopes to someday open her own private practice, centered on nutrition education and stress management through yoga and meditation.\nMary considers her SEL school career to have been a positive experience that helped shape her world view and set her up for success in life. “Attending a diverse school and making friends with people who were different from me helped in my academic career as well as in my professional life”. She mentioned that when she arrived at Ohio State some of her classmates had a harder time interacting with different kinds of people and seemed less open minded. “Attending SEL Schools made me realize that no matter what someone looks like, we all have the same wants and needs.”\nWhen she thinks back on her school career, Mary recalls many memorable teachers who made their subjects come alive for her. “I had Mr. Beck for freshman English. He challenged everyone to do their best and inspired me to work hard and find meaning in what I was learning. That’s why he was my favorite teacher.” She recalled his creative lesson plans and the way he would go above and beyond every day to make students want to learn. Mary acknowledges that the negative perceptions of SEL Schools caused her and her classmates to work harder to prove that those perceptions were unfounded. “The perception of being ‘less than’ made us work harder to be ‘more than”, recalls Mary.\nIn August of 2014, Mary married her OSU classmate, Juan Mosquera, who now works at a non-profit devoted to helping kids learn to cope with negative emotions through yoga and meditation, called YES! For Schools. The couple hopes to someday move back to Ohio, but for now are enjoying their lives in New York.\nIn closing, Mary offers these words: “To any parent who is worried about the diverse environment at SEL Schools preventing their kid from getting a good education, don’t be. Sure, diversity can be messy and complicated, but we don’t live in a world where everyone is the same, so why should our school experience be any different from what’s out there in the real world? I’ve heard it said that ‘our diversity will not be a barrier, but rather a reason for our success’. And in my educational experience, that’s been completely true.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1133339"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9685352444648743,"wiki_prob":0.9685352444648743,"text":"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Road to 100 Deluxe Edition (Hardcover)\nBy Kevin Eastman, Tom Waltz, Dave Wachter (Illustrator), Michael Dialynas (Illustrator)\nThe landmark 100th issue of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles gets the celebration it deserves in this special hardcover edition.\nConcluding the epic \"City At War\" storyline, issue #100 brings nearly eight years of action-packed continuity by TMNT co-creater Kevin Eastman and series co-writer Tom Waltz to its dramatic finale. Featuring art by Dan Duncan, Dave Wachter, Sophie Campbell, Mateus Santolouco, and more.\nBut that's not all. In addition to the landmark issue, join TMNT scholar Patrick Ehlers for a review of the road to 100 issues through an in-depth look at everything that came before. This authoritative study of IDW's TMNT continuity is the perfect companion for such a notable comic book milestone, bringing the story into sharp focus for new fans or readers that have been there since the start.\nTom Waltz is a former active duty U.S. Marine, Desert Storm vet, and former California National Guard Military Policeman. He is an editor for IDW Publishing, and the writer of critically-acclaimed comics and graphic novels, including Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles; The Last Fall; Finding Peace (with Nathan St John); the Silent Hill books Sinner's Reward, Past Life,and Anne's Story; and others. He has also written for video games, including Silent Hill: Downpour, Ghostbusters: Sanctum of Slime, and the TMNT games Brothers Unite, and Mutants in Manhattan. He grew up in Clinton, Michigan, and lives in San Diego with his wife and two children.\nKevin Eastman was born in 1962 in Portland, Maine, and began drawing as soon as he was able to hold a crayon. His discovery of comic books gave meaning to his crazed doodling. After finding the work of Jack Kirby, Russ Heath, Richard Corben, Vaughn Bode and John Severin, he began to hone his craft. His first published work appeared in 1980, a year before he met Peter Laird. In May 1984, he and Laird published Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1, creating the hit heroes in a half-shell. Eastman co-writes Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles for IDW.\nPublisher: IDW Publishing\nComics & Graphic Novels / Media Tie-In\nComics & Graphic Novels / Superheroes\nComics & Graphic Novels / Science Fiction\nHardcover (February 9th, 2021): $59.99\nHardcover (January 21st, 2020): $59.99\nPaperback (March 1st, 2022): $29.99\nPaperback (June 5th, 2018): $29.99\nHardcover (July 20th, 2021): $59.99\nHardcover (August 6th, 2019): $59.99\nHardcover (September 6th, 2016): $59.99\nHardcover (January 8th, 2019): $59.99\nPaperback (February 2nd, 2021): $29.99\nHardcover (March 29th, 2016): $59.99\nPaperback (October 2nd, 2018): $29.99\nHardcover (February 23rd, 2016): $24.99","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1681563"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8413122892379761,"wiki_prob":0.8413122892379761,"text":"UVA running game was successful at Miami, should help offense moving forward\nPosted on Sunday, Oct. 3, 2021, 9:57 pm\nBy Jerry Ratcliffe\nUVA senior Wayne Taulapapa led a strong rushing attack at Miami Thursday. (Photo: UVA Athletics)\nVirginia’s running game came to life at Hard Rock Stadium last Thursday night, a trend Cavalier fans would love to see continue as the team heads to Louisville with some momentum.\nFinally, the Wahoos will return to a normal schedule after these kickoff times three of the last four weeks: Illinois at home on a Saturday, but with a starting time of 11 a.m.; Friday night at home against Wake Forest; then Thursday night on the road at Miami.\nThe Louisville game on Saturday is set to begin at 3 p.m. on ACC Network.\nOne of the keys in UVA’s 30-28 win at Miami was the Cavaliers establishing a running game early and not having to play from behind. In the previous back-to-back losses to UNC and Wake, Bronco Mendenhall’s team trailed early and shelved the running game in favor of a passing attack. That wasn’t necessary at Miami.\nAs a result, the Cavaliers rushed for 181 yards (211 before sack yardage was subtracted) and 10 first downs on the ground. UVA’s corps of runners collectively averaged 5.2 yards per rush, well above what Mendenhall requires for success.\n“Mike Hollins runs violently and fiercely but Keytaon (Thompson), it just seems like every time you give him the ball, something happens positively for our team,” Mendenhall said. “And then Wayne Taulapapa … that combination.\n“I don’t think it was the plays that were called, it was just the effort and heart that they played with. And, man, is that inspiring. And they know it. After the game, they just looked at each other and they know because they tried so dang hard, and that is so fun to see.”\nTaulapapa, coming off concussion protocol, was the Cavaliers’ leading rusher with 62 yards on 11 carries, including a touchdown and a 27-yard run. He averaged 5.6 yards per carry.\nThompson only had three carries, but made the most of them with his versatility. He averaged 15.7 yards per carry for 47 yards, including a 34-yarder.\nHollins rushed 10 times for 38 yards and a touchdown, and had a 25-yard pickup.\nQuarterback Brennan Armstrong rushed seven times for 19 yards (38 before sack yardage was subtracted), including a 14-yarder.\nIf Virginia can continue to wisely use its running game to take some pressure off Armstrong and the passing game, it should help the Cavaliers going forward in the next three weeks against Louisville, Duke and Georgia Tech.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1517993"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.733929455280304,"wiki_prob":0.26607054471969604,"text":"The Draft Democratic Platform and the Environment\nThe Democrats are promising bold climate action but not committing to details.\nThe Republicans have decided not to update their 2016 platform, but the Democrats now have a draft of their 2020 platform. The platform essentially calls for aggressively moving beyond Obama’s actions (and eliminating Trump’s). For those who are in a rush, I’ll start with the takeaways.\nHere are some of the most important aspects of the 2020 Platform:\nThe 2020 Platform goes well beyond the 2016 Platform, which itself went further than the Obama Administration’s actions.\nThe 2020 Platform sets ambitious deadlines for cutting carbon, including a goal of net zero by 2050.\nThe 2020 Platform also calls for a dramatic expansion of federal protection for public lands and water bodies.\nMost of the platform’s proposals would require firm control of the Senate as well as the White House, in order to pass legislation.\nNow, let’s examine the platform a little more closely and how it compares with the 2016 version.\nClimate Change in the 2020 Platform\nThe 2016 Platform. It’s useful to take a look back at the Democrats’ 2016 platform to see how things have changed. The 2016 platform set the following goals:\nReducing greenhouse gases more than 80% below 2005 levels by 2050.\nGetting 50% of U.S. electricity from clean energy sources by 2020.\nReducing methane emissions from oil and gas by at least 40-45% below 2005 levels by 2025.\nHow 2020 Compares. Now consider the goals of the 2020 platform:\nNet-zero energy by 2050.\nZero-carbon electricity by 2035\nNet-zero greenhouse gas emissions for all new buildings by 2030\nUnited States must do its “fair share” to reach the goal to, and for the United States to do its “fair share” to keep global warming less than 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial times.\nTo achieve these goals, the 2020 platform calls for:\n500,000 electric vehicle charging stations by 2030 (about 20 times as many as today).\n500 million solar panels and 60,000 wind turbines\nA carbon-adjustment fee at the borders to penalize countries that don’t keep their commitments under the Paris Agreement.\nPublic Lands and Waters in the 2020 Platform\nThe 2016 Platform. Again, it may be helpful to start with the 2016 platform. Here were the key positions on America’s waters and public lands:\nOpposes drilling in the Arctic and off the Atlantic Coast.\nProposes phasing down extraction of fossil fuels.\nExpanding renewable energy production on public lands.\nReaffirming core protections of the Endangered Species Act.\nEstablishing restrictions on discharges from the giant Pebble mine in Alaska.\nHow 2020 Compares. Once again, the 2020 platform goes big, calling for conserving 30% of America’s lands and waters by 2030 (compared with 12% today). It also calls for ending new permits for fossil fuel production on federal land and for reversing the Trump Administration’s new restrictions on environmental impact statements. Protections for national monuments like Bears Ears would be immediately restored.\nTrump has dedicated himself to eliminating the environmental protections created in the Obama years. Biden wants to do another U-turn, but to accelerate far beyond what Obama did.\n2020 election, 2020 presidential election, Climate Politics, environmental politics\nOne Reply to “The Draft Democratic Platform and the Environment”\nJohn Pozzi says:\nConsider the People’s Global Resource Bank democracy\nWetlands, the Clean Water Act & the Supreme Court: the Sacketts Return to Washington","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line319324"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9668876528739929,"wiki_prob":0.9668876528739929,"text":"Sir Peter Cosgrove\nPeter Cosgrove graduated in 1968 from the Royal Military College, Duntroon. Early in his military career, he fought in Vietnam, commanding a rifle platoon. He was awarded the Military Cross in 1971 for his performance and leadership during an assault on enemy positions.\nIn 1972, he served as Aide de Camp to Governor-General Sir Paul Hasluck. He returned to regimental life as second in command of a Company, rising to Adjutant then Company Commander in the Army’s 5th Battalion Royal Australian Regiment (5 RAR), then 5/7 RAR in Holsworthy, Sydney. Subsequent appointments included a period as a tactics instructor at the Army’s Infantry Centre in Singleton, New South Wales; a year’s study at the United States Marine Corps Staff College in Quantico, USA; extended periods of duty in the United Kingdom and India; and command of 1 RAR. He was appointed a Member in the Military Division of the Order of Australia (AM) for his service in command in 1983-84.\nPeter Cosgrove came to national attention in 1999 when, as Commander of the International Task Force East Timor (INTERFET), he was responsible for overseeing that country’s transition to independence. For his leadership in this role he was promoted to Companion in the Military Division of the Order of Australia (AC).\nPromoted to Lieutenant General, he was appointed Chief of Army in 2000. After further promotion to General, he served as Chief of the Defence Force from 2002 to 2005. He retired from the Australian Defence Force in 2005. Subsequently, he accepted positions on several boards, including QANTAS, Cardno and the Australian Rugby Union. He was appointed by the Queensland Government to lead the taskforce rebuilding communities in the Innisfail region following the devastation caused by Cyclone Larry in 2006. From 2007 to 2012, he chaired the Council of the Australian War Memorial, and served as Chancellor of the Australian Catholic University from 2010 until early 2014.\nOn 25 March 2014, General Cosgrove became a Knight in the Order of Australia when he was sworn in as Governor-General (2014-2019).","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1811373"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6252789497375488,"wiki_prob":0.37472105026245117,"text":"Anonymous Hacker’s Message to Congress on SOPA\nAnonymous hackers had sent a message to congress on SOPA and PIPA legislation, though the message was sent at the end of 2011, but its effectiveness can be witnessed now, when Anonymous has done what they mentioned in their message to congress by taking down the US and French government websites.\nHello American Congress. We are Anonymous. Your proposal of the so-called Online Piracy Bill is a blatant act of violation to the constitutional rights of American citizens. You claim that the bill is being passed to prevent online piracy, but anyone with eyes and ears can tell that this is false.\nChairman Lamar Smith (R-Texas.)…we know that you don’t like us, and that’s acceptable to Anonymous. We don’t like you either. This bill will make it unlawful to post copyrighted data Such as tips and walkthroughs in games, and sports highlights. More importantly, it will allow social media sites to remove re-posted videos and data from the internet. This, however, is unacceptable to Anonymous. The American Government supports the fight for democracy and Freedom of information in other countries, but when it comes to their own land they attempt to demolish it with brute force and censorship. The one thing they are yet to understand is that you can’t arrest an idea. You can’t kill an idea, and you can’t stop an idea. Every act of violence against the protesters across the globe simply fuels the fire. You do not understand that for each of us that falls, ten more will take his place. You do not understand that corporate media has been forced to show the events happening around America and across the globe. You do not understand that ideas, people, countries, beliefs and religions will fade, but the internet will remain. To pass this bill will cause public outcry, which will greatly improve our movement.\nWe, Anonymous, know that this is a hidden campaign to destroy the ability of people across the world to connect and share their experiences with one another. To the American Congress:\nIf you pass this bill, you will pay for it.\nWe are Anonymous.\nWe are Legion.\nWe do not forgive.\nWe do not forget.\nTo the American Congress\nExpect us.\nAnonymous message to congress\nAnonymous on Sopa and Pipa\ndestroy bill SOPA\nWaqas\nI am a UK-based cybersecurity journalist with a passion for covering the latest happenings in cyber security and tech world. I am also into gaming, reading and investigative journalism\nSaudi Arabian Central Bank Systems Targeted with Shamoon Malware\nSaudi officials are blaming Iranian government for conducting a sophisticated malware attack on computer networks across Saudi Arabia…\nbyOwais Sultan\nGovernment of Philippines Hacked by Philippines Cyber Army\nThe government of Philippines is under strong cyber attack these days, few days ago it was Anonymous hackers, and…\nLulzSec Peru hacks Twitter account of Venezuela’s Ruling Party against Twitter Cencorship\nWorld renowned hacktivists from LulzSec Peru have hacked a verified Twitter account of United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). After taking over the…\nAdultFriendFinder Network Hacked; 412 Million User Accounts Exposed\nAdult Friend Finder has been hacked again — This time, 412 million accounts have been stolen and exposed.…\nbyCarolina","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line715902"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5914116501808167,"wiki_prob":0.40858834981918335,"text":"Paschal Donohoe TD\nBrexit, the Budget and Walking the Line\nPaschal Donohoe TD, Minister for Finance and Public Service & Reform\nI might start by saying, without wishing to cause offence to our gracious hosts, that this my second favourite event of the week, because not much could eclipse the excitement of Saturday night’s U2 concert in Croke Park that I am attending this weekend. In a few nights time, the streets of Ballybough will be bathed in the music of Ireland’s original stadium band playing in our original national stadium. Track six on their Joshua Tree album is called Red Hill Mining Town and rarely played live, tells the story of the closure of the coal mines in mid-1980s Britain.\nIn doing so, it also tells the story of the social and political consequences of the wholesale withdrawal of a major industry- and source of jobs- from communities in many parts of England and Wales.\nTo quote the opening verse;\nThe seam is split\nThe coal face cracked\nThe lines are long\nThere’s no going back\nThrough hands of steel\nAnd heart of stone\nOur labour day\nHas come and gone\nThe song is steeped in a sense of abandonment. And it is that feeling of abandonment that is now a feeling for far too many and that provides the backdrop for last year’s referendum in Britain, the Presidential election in the US and other electoral outcomes. Because when Bono sings later…\nYou’re all that’s left to hold on to\n…we have to acknowledge that a growing number of voters are asking what is there to hold on to in a world moving so quickly and who have examined and rejected the existing political and economic frameworks which many would claim have served us well.\nHaving quoted from Bono, I might read you a short extract from an entirely different source, Dani Rodick from the John F Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University who says;\nUntil recently, it looked as if the world’s economic and political order was set on an established, predictable course.. Advanced democracies would be led by centrist political elites, trying to address inequality and exclusion at home while remaining committed to an open economy.\nAll of these conventional assumptions have been upended by recent developments – the Brexit vote, Donald Trump’s victory, and the rise of populist-nationalist parties in continental Europe.\nElectoral outcomes in Britain, America and elsewhere are challenges to the previous settled economic and political orthodoxy that, it was once thought, would endure forever. Now that orthodoxy is threatened. Indeed, it is perhaps no longer even orthodox to suggest it will endure.\nI remember feeling this in the most acute way when I went to wake up my kids on the morning of the Brexit result and thinking, for the first time, that they may not live under the same institutions and enjoy the same freedoms as I did growing up. Since the 2008 financial collapse, the social disorder that followed, and the delayed electoral response to both, none of us in the profession of politics are anything but aware of how greatly things have changed.\nTHE WINDS THAT BLEW US HERE\nBut to be aware of something is not the same as to understand it, or understand why it has happened. In order to chart a new course – which we will – we must first come to terms with the winds that blew us here.\nWhat has happened in our global body politic, and what is underway now, are consequences of deeper socio-economic forces that, just as the coal mine closures, have been with us for some time. Ruchir Sharma, the Chief Global Strategist at Morgan Stanley has described these as the 3Ds – depopulation, deleveraging and deglobalization. To start with the first “D” – depopulation.\nThe annual growth in the global working age population has shrunk every year since the 1980s, with a particularly sharp fall in 2005. In the 1980s, 17 of the 20 largest emerging economies had a working age population growth rate above 2%, but that number fell steadily from 17 to just two, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia, in this decade. And by 2020, all the major emerging economies are projected to have working age population growth rates below the 2% mark. For example in the US, growth in the working age population has declined from 1.2% in the early years of this century to 0.3% in 2016, the lowest rate since 1951. Visit many central European countries and their key political issues is shrinking populations as well.\nThe second “D” is Deleveraging. For anyone from the Plain English Society, that means paying off debt or at least avoiding more of it. By 2008, global debt had surged from 100% of GDP in late 1980s to 300%. This was clearly unsustainable and now we find ourselves in a situation where further borrowing, either private or public, to fund further consumption or investment is not as easy as it was. This is highlighted by our recent publication of GNI* data – a new, perhaps more accurate way of measuring the strengths and weaknesses of the Irish economy, that shows debt levels in this country of 105%. Put simply, growth is essential for long term investment.\nAnd then there is third “D” – deglobalisation. Ask most people about globalisation and global trade and they will probably tell you that such trade has increased in recent years, all industries are more globalised and the inexorable march of the integrated world economy goes on. This is, in fact, not true. In 1980, when U2 had their first international hit, the volume of cross border trade between nations stood at 30% of global GDP. By 2008 it had grown to 60%. However, this has now decreased to 55%.\nPolicy fracture is evident on global trade, such as the inability of the EU and US to reach agreement on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, or TTIP. Set against the backdrop of hostility to free trade from those on the extreme right and extreme left, and the scepticism towards it by many more citizens, a way through has not been found. Indeed, as a committed globalist myself, I find that the debate around globalisation to be increasingly confrontational and increasingly divisive.\nSo it is these three phenomena;\nslowing population growth,\na realisation that borrowing does not cure all ills, and\nthe turning away from a globalised system by many\n… that have played a crucial role in bringing us to where we are now.\nAnd that last point – the distrust of trade deals and our system of global commerce, rooted in the distrust of the entire system – the system of government, of finance, of the establishment – is one of the reasons we are faced with a EU without the UK and a White House without Hillary Clinton. This change, this new order has resulted in a new political dispensation.\nStephen King, the economist, not the horror writer, in his latest book, Grave New World, which I admit sounds a little horrific, contends that;\nFor those of us living in the West, we have found it all too easy to claim that our own good fortune will continue and that, in time, it will inevitably spread far and wide. It’s time to wake up to the reality.\nWell, consider ourselves awake – and aware.\nKate Malby, a journalist and left-leaning Tory, wrote in the Guardian yesterday that the party of which she is a member, the party that her immigrant parents joined because they believed it was the only party to protect Britain against the radicalism that had fuelled the war in Europe from which they had fled, was now itself a source of instability.\nOne not need look any further than our own Dáil to see the mirror image of this – a far-left that resists change, and engages in thuggery traditionally associated with the ugly far-right. Nowadays, to be moderate is to be radical.\nHOPE RETURNS\nBut the message I have for you tonight is not one of despair or helplessness. It is one of confidence and hope. The April 2017 World Economic Outlook, to name just one indicator, points to a robust growth outlook. Global economic growth has moved from 3.1% in 2016 to 3.6% in 2018. Stronger economic activity and a reduced deflationary risk point to a positive outlook. The European economy is growing. The Eurozone is projecting growth of 1.8% this year with only a small number of countries now in breach of the Excessive Deficit Procedure. This may sound technical, but it isn’t.\nGrowth means jobs.\nGrowth means homes.\nGrowth means schools, hospitals and guards on the streets.\nAnd the absence of growth means the absence of these things.\nI see this every day in my job. Ireland’s economy is being fixed. And that means we can begin to repair our society too. Across Europe, populist momentum is weakening. Marine Le Pen was seen off in France by Emmanuel Macron, in spectacular style. In the Netherlands, Austria and Spain, the centre has reasserted itself. We are also seeing strong progress on new institutions and ways of working. We see progress on EU trade agreements with Japan and Canada. The resolution of banks in Spain and Italy was made with no contagion in their own economies let alone elsewhere.\nSuch a scenario would have been considered a pipedream only a few short years ago. And as the UK consumes itself with Brexit, the EU is thinking bigger. Debates about deepening integration in areas like energy and banking show that there is life – vibrant life – in the old dog yet.\nAs a committed European, I am heartened that the latest Eurobarometer poll shows that 56 per cent of respondents across the union say they are optimistic, up 6 percentage points in the last six months. They asked 28,000 people the question, by the way. Polls have also shown a surge of support for the union across most of the 27 countries in the wake of the Brexit vote. Those of us in the political centre were often accused of the politics of TINA – There is No Alternative.\nHowever, what might now be happening is that the alternative has been presented, and people are seeing the strength of our case. For example, 88% of Irish people want us to remain in the EU – amongst full time students, the number is 99%. And across the Union, positivity is on the rebound. A Pew survey in June showed approval for the EU had increased since the since the Brexit referendum. 63% of people in the 10 EU countries had favourable views about the Union – up 18 points in Germany and France, 15 in Spain, 13 in the Netherlands – and 10 in Britain! And less than one in five of the EU citizens surveyed wanted their country to leave the European Union. The predicted exodus from the EU has not materialised. Hope has returned, or at least is returning, to the European Union and all who believe in it. The challenge now is to turn that hope into more tangible results.\nIRELAND STANDS READY\nAnd when I say tangible results, I am referring to the maintaining and accelerating of the progress we have already seen;\nin our labour market,\nIn our public investment programme,\nIn the ending of forced net emigration\n…and all the other improvements that have helped soothe the pain of the economic and social catastrophe that befell us at the end of the last decade.\nI have said many times that the only way to deliver this is to ensure that the political centre holds. The policies of the far left – profligate spending, higher taxes on businesses, a “let someone else pay for it”, would all break this country. But the centre holding is not, in itself enough. The centre must also regenerate – because a static political equilibrium in a changing world is not tenable. Holding can too quickly become either stagnation or the status quo.\nMy assessment is that the global economic environment and order is changing, as opposed to crumbling. We have many problems, some of which are deeply ingrained in communities. In politics, it is easy to blame globalisation for these problems. Indeed, Dani Rodrki, who I have already cited, says;\nEconomists understand that trade causes job displacement and income losses for some groups. But they have a harder time making sense of why trade gets picked on so much by populists both on the right and the left. After all, imports are only one source of churn in labour markets, and typically not even the most important source. Demand shocks, technological changes, and the ordinary course of competition with other, domestic firms produce much greater labour displacement than increases in import penetration.\nThe answer as to why the populists attack trade is the attraction of simple rhetoric and simplistic answers to complex problems. But we in the political centre must resist that. I believe that small countries like Ireland are well placed in this debate.\nAs a small country, we are open to globalisation- indeed, we are one of the most globalised nations on earth, according to the KOF globalisation index, which is a measure of the globalised nature of countries on a social, economic and political level. Our economy is powered, in no small part, by foreign direct investment. In turn, we have reached out to the world. Our diaspora lives and works in almost every country on the globe. We are exporters of everything from Botox to tictacs. And when it comes to creating jobs – trade is two-way street. While American companies have created many jobs here, Irish companies have created similar numbers of jobs in America. A fact that I love mentioning whenever I go there!\nPeriods of growth followed by periods of recession are a deeply unfortunate component of the economic cycle. But in Ireland we enjoy a level of social cohesion and flexibility, or intangible infrastructure as some economists call it, that allows us to respond to the ebb and flow of those economic cycles. Key to this – to delivering for our citizens – is to respond to all this uncertainty, all this risk, by creating as much certainty as we can. Our corporation tax policy is a case in point. What we have learned is that predictability of the rate and the certainty that it will not change is as important as the 12.5% rate itself, because it allows businesses to plan, invest and grow. This approach can be applied elsewhere – to our planning system, to our rules around data privacy and a host of other areas. These days, certainty matters in a new way. At a time of volatility, offering predictability and order to citizens, to employers and to investors has an enormous value.\nSo, it is with all this in mind\nThe changed political landscape\nThe return of hope to our imperfect Union and\nThe great potential for Ireland, as a globalised country, at the centre of the world, as Time magazine put it\n…that I sit down to shape the Budget in October. Which, I am sure, you are all very eager to hear about!\nI have already articulated how the Government will approach Budget 2018;\nFirstly, at a time of economic growth, we will strengthen our ability to deal with future shocks. We will continue to get our house in order by eliminate the deficit and getting our national debt down.\nIf you have a small open economy with a currency that it does not print, when things go bad, they can go really bad. When they go well, they can go really well. We will use the benefits of the latter to ease the pain of the former.\nSecondly, we will reprioritise capital investment.\nI believe strongly that investing in transport, communications, health and housing infrastructure not only promotes social cohesion but also grows the long-term productivity capacity of economy, helping in the creation of a virtuous cycle of investment and progress. By 2021, we will be investing nearly 8 billion euro per annum in upgrading our infrastructure – an increase of 85% on the level of investment last year.\nAnd thirdly, we will outline our plans to integrate our capital investment programme within a proper planning and spatial framework.\nWhile Budget Day will be some weeks before the National Planning Framework and Ten Year Capital Plan will be published, it will act as a signpost for a planned programme of investment that sees us spend money on the right projects in the right places. All of this, of course, is not to forget that in 2018 alone, we will be spending 60 billion euro as a country, in every area from health to housing, the arts to the army, so that our society is supported and our country can again thrive. We will also continue to work towards a tax system that rewards work, and realises the potential that the Republic of Opportunity, to which the Taoiseach referred, can bring.\nBut I should also say that Brexit and the broader geo-political developments to which I referred are not the only threats we face. Managing a small, open economy is never easy and the threat of overheating is there. Despite the nasty tone of many in Irish politics, it is my job to cut through the noise and do what is right, not what seems to be right to some people who shout the loudest. I will not risk our hard won economic sovereignty by allowing the economy overheat and succumb to capacity constraints. It would be a disservice, to put it mildly, to all those who depend on public services every day. Instead, I will take a balanced look at the demands made upon me, based upon the resources that are available.\nJames Connolly said in 1910 that “the Irish question [was] a social question”. He was not wrong. For me, the economy, and all that goes with it, like sound public finances, sustainable debt levels, the balance of trade, levels of taxation- is all about making this society better. Making Ireland a place where all can work, raise a family if they wish or start a business if they wish. Where everyone can avail of the healthcare that is their right, the education that is their entitlement and the roof over their head that is their requirement. But we can only provide that if we get the fundamentals right. That is what I will do in October, and at all times.\nI started by talking about U2 and I will finish by quoting the late, great Johnny Cash – an artist given a new audience in later years when he covered “One” and an apt person for a Minister for Finance to quote, I hope you agree.\nJohnny “kept his eyes wide open all the time” and Johnny always “walked the line”.\nNot bad advice.\nJohn and Pat Hume attending the opening of the MacGill Summer School in the company of the former President of the Methodist Church in Ireland Rev. Harold Good\nTribute to John Hume\nDr Brendan Halligan\nTowards a Democratic Way of Life\nGerard Howlin","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1806320"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9658939242362976,"wiki_prob":0.9658939242362976,"text":"1. Commendation of Edward VI2. Thomas Dobbe3. Edward VI's injunctions4. Book of Common Prayer5. Reform in London6. 1549 Rebellions7. Edmund Bonner8. Ridley's reforms9. Mary Tudor10. Stephen Gardiner's letters11. Stephen Gardiner deprived12. John Redman13. William Gardiner14. Edward Seymour15. Disputation at Oxford16. Disputation at Cambridge17. Dialogue between Custom and Truth18. Death of Edward VI19. Mary Tudor's letters\nView an Image of this PageCommentary on the Woodcuts\nEdward VIHenry VIII\n(1537 - 1553) [ODNB]\nKing of England and Ireland (1547 - 53); Henry VIII's only son\nThe young Prince Edward wrote letters in Latin to Thomas Cranmer, his godfather. 1570, p. 1564; 1576, p. 1334; 1583, p. 1395.\nEdward VI agreed with Sir John Cheke that clemency should be shown towards heretics and was opposed to the burning of Joan Bocher. Cranmer had great difficulty in getting Edward to sign her death warrant. 1563, p. 884; 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.\nCranmer praised the learning and wisdom of Edward VI to his tutor, Richard Coxe. 1563, p. 884; 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.\nJerome Cardan gave written testimony of Edward VI's knowledge of the liberal sciences. 1563, p. 885; 1570, p. 1485; 1576, p. 1259; 1583, p. 1296.\nCharles V requested of Edward VI that his cousin Mary Tudor be allowed to have the mass said in her house. The request was denied, in spite of the strong urgings of Thomas Cranmer and Nicholas Ridley. 1563, p. 884; 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.\nEdward issued a set of injunctions to further the reformation of the church in the realm. He called a parliament to repeal earlier statutes relating to religion, including the Six Articles. 1563, pp. 685-91; 1570, pp. 1486-90; 1576, pp. 1260-63; 1583, pp. 1297-1301.\nHaving knowledge of rebellions stirring in the realm and of slackness in religious reform in the city of London, Edward called Edmund Bonner to come before his council. 1570, p. 1495; 1576, p. 1267; 1583, p. 1304.\nEdward replied to the articles raised by the rebels of Devonshire. 1570, pp. 1497-99; 1576, pp. 1268-70; 1583, pp. 1305-07.\nThe king and privy council sent out letters to bishops and clergy in late 1549 and 1550, directing that books of Latin service be withdrawn, that altars be removed and communion tables installed. 1563, pp. 726-28; 1570, pp. 1519-21; 1576, pp. 1288-90; 1583, pp. 1330-31.\nEdward wrote letters to his sister, Lady Mary, urging her to obey the new laws concerning religion, and she replied. 1576, pp. 1290-96; 1583, pp. 1333-39.\nHe sent his own councillors to Mary after her servants, Rochester, Englefield and Waldegrave, had failed to prevent masses being said in her household. 1576, pp. 1296-97; 1583, pp. 1338-39.\nKing Edward said a private prayer on his deathbed which was overheard by his physician, George Owen. In his will, Edward excluded his sister Mary from the succession because of her religious views. 1563, p. 900; 1570, p. 1565; 1576, p. 1335; 1583, p. 1395.\nDuke of York 1494; duke of Cornwall 1502; prince of Wales, earl of Chester 1503\nKing of England (1509 - 47)\nAfter the death of Prince Arthur, his widow Catherine married his brother Henry. 1563, p. 456; 1570, p. 1192; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.\nHenry issued a proclamation against the heresies of Luther. 1570, p. 1159; 1576, p. 991; 1583, p. 1019.\nThrough Thomas Wolsey, Henry received the title of defender of the faith from the pope. 1570, p. 1124; 1576, p. 962; 1583, p. 989.\nAfter Clement VII had been taken prisoner by imperial forces, Wolsey urged Henry VIII to go to the pope's assistance. The king refused to send troops, but allowed Wolsey to take money out of the treasury to help. 1563, p. 439; 1570, pp. 1123; 1576, p. 961; 1583, p. 988.\nHenry, encouraged by Cardinal Wolsey, began to question the validity of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. He sought the advice of universities and learned men, but needed the assent of the pope and the emperor to a divorce. 1570, p. 1192; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.\nStephen Gardiner was sent as ambassador to Rome by Henry VIII during the time of Clement VII to deal with the matter of the king's divorce and to promote Thomas Wolsey as pope. Both the king and Wolsey wrote letters to him. Nicholas Harvey was sent as ambassador to Emperor Charles V. 1570, pp. 1125-29, 1192; 1576, pp. 963-67, 1021; 1583, pp. 990-93, 1049.\nWolsey and Cardinal Campeggi had a legatine commission to consider the matter of the king's divorce. Henry began to suspect that Wolsey was not fully supportive. 1570, pp. 1129, 1193; 1576, pp. 967, 1021; 1583, pp. 994, 1049.\nHenry gave an oration at Bridewell setting out his reasons for the divorce. 1563, pp. 456-57; 1570, p. 1193; 1576, pp. 1021-22; 1583, p. 1050.\nHenry and Queen Catherine were summoned to appear before the papal legates, Cardinals Wolsey and Campeggi, who had a commission to judge the matter of the divorce. Henry sent two proxies; Catherine arrived in person, accompanied by ladies and counsellors, including four bishops. Finally the king himself appeared, delivering an oration to the legates. 1563, pp. 456-57; 1570, p. 1194; 1576, p. 1022; 1583, p. 1050.\nAnne Boleyn was sent a copy of Simon Fish's Supplication for the Beggars and showed it to the king. He offered his protection to Fish, allowing him to return to England. 1563, p. 448; 1570, p. 1153; 1576, p. 986; 1583, p. 1014.\nAfter Wolsey had been deprived of most of his offices and the associated lands and goods returned to the king, Henry allowed Cardinal College, Oxford, to continue, endowing it and renaming it King's College. 1570, p. 1129; 1576, p. 967; 1583, p. 994.\nWhen the king heard of the exhumation and burning of William Tracy's corpse, he angrily sent for Sir Thomas More. More blamed the now deceased archbishop of Canterbury, but was fined three hundred pounds to have his pardon. 1570, p. 1186; 1576, p. 1015; 1583, p. 1042.\nHenry, failing to get a positive response from the pope on the question of his divorce, associated the clergy in Wolsey's praemunire and demanded over £100,000 for their pardon. 1570, p. 1195; 1576, p. 1023; 1583, p. 1052.\nHenry had published the opinions of the universities against his marriage to Catherine. 1570, p. 1196; 1576, p. 1024; 1583, p. 1052.\nParliament approved Thomas Cranmer's separation of Henry and Catherine and his marriage to Anne Boleyn. 1570, p. 1197; 1576, p. 1025; 1583, p. 1053.\nThomas Temys asked parliament to urge the king to take Queen Catherine back as his wife. The king replied via the Speaker, Sir Thomas Audeley. The king also had the Speaker read in the Commons the two oaths taken by clergy, one to the pope and one to the king, to demonstrate that they were irreconcilable. 1570, p. 1197; 1576, p. 1025; 1583, p. 1053.\nHenry married Anne Boleyn. 1570, p. 1198; 1576, p. 1025; 1583, p. 1054.\nThe archbishop of Canterbury (Cranmer), along with the bishops of London (Stokesley), Winchester (Gardiner), Bath and Wells (Clerk) and Lincoln (Longland) and other clergy went to see Queen Catherine. She failed to attend when summoned over 15 days, and they pronounced that she and the king were divorced. 1570, p. 1200; 1576, p. 1027; 1583, p. 1055.\nThe king sent Edward Lee, under Cromwell, to visit the monasteries and nunneries to release all those in religious orders who wished to leave. 1570, p. 1218; 1576, p. 1043; 1583, p. 1070.\nHenry VIII ordered a religious procession in London in 1535 because the French king was ill. 1570, p. 1218; 1576, p. 1043; 1583, p. 1070.\nAfter the Act of Supremacy, Henry VIII attempted to improve relations with other monarchs by sending ambassadors. 1570, p. 1218; 1576, p. 1043; 1583, p. 1070.\nMessages were sent between Henry and François I about the pope's refusal of Henry's divorce from Catherine and his supremacy over the English church. 1570, pp. 1218-22; 1576, pp. 1043-46; 1583, pp. 1070-73.\nHenry VIII wrote to Bonner commanding that excess holy days be abolished. 1563, p. 682; 1570, p. 1441; 1576, p. 1229; 1583, p. 1259.\nHenry had Queen Anne imprisoned in the Tower with her brother and others. She was then beheaded. 1563, p. 526; 1570, p. 1233; 1576, p. 1055; 1583, p. 1082.\nStephen Gardiner was suspected of involvement in the downfall of Anne Boleyn, and urged the king to disinherit Elizabeth. 1570, pp. 1233, 1243; 1576, p. 1056; 1583, pp. 1082, 1083.\nHenry married Jane Seymour shortly after the execution of Anne Boleyn. 1570, p. 1234; 1576, p. 1056; 1583, p. 1083.\nCromwell urged King Henry to destroy the monastic houses and to grant the lands to the nobility and gentlemen. 1570, p. 1350; 1576, p. 1153; 1583, p. 1181.\nThe king answered the rebels in Lincolnshire and sent the dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk, the marquess of Exeter and the earl of Shrewsbury into Yorkshire to put down the Pilgrimage of Grace. 1570, pp. 1237-38; 1576, pp. 1059-60; 1583, pp. 1086-87.\nAlong with the protestant German princes, Henry refused to send delegates to the council in Mantua called by Pope Paul III. 1570, p. 1234; 1576, p. 1056; 1583, p. 1083.\nThe emperor and other princes requested Henry to attend the council or to send delegates. He again refused, sending a protestation. 1570, pp. 1293-94; 1576, pp. 1106-08; 1583, pp. 1132-33.\nFrançois I of France and Emperor Charles V retained Robert Granceter, a condemned traitor, and refused to hand him over to Henry VIII. 1570, p. 1239; 1576, p. 1061; 1583, p. 1087.\nFrancis I had allied himself with Pope Clement VII in marrying his son to Clement's niece. He also married his daughter to James V of Scotland, breaking an agreement with Henry VIII. 1570, p. 1239; 1576, p. 1061; 1583, p. 1088.\nStephen Gardiner urged Henry to withdraw his defence of religious reform in order to ensure peace within the realm and to restore good relations with foreign rulers. 1570, p. 1296; 1576, p. 1109; 1583, p. 1135.\nStephen Gardiner urged Henry VIII to use the case against John Lambert as a means of displaying the king's willingness to deal harshly with heresy. The king himself would sit in judgement. 1563, pp. 533-34; 1570, p. 1281; 1576, p. 1095; 1583, pp. 1121-22.\nAt the end of Lambert's trial, the king had Cromwell read the sentence of condemnation. 1563, p. 537; 1570, p. 1283; 1576, p. 1097; 1583, p. 1123.\nCromwell was instrumental in getting Edmund Bonner's nomination to the bishopric of London. He procured letters from King Henry to François I that resulted in a licence being granted to print bibles in English at the University of Paris. 1570, p. 1362; 1576, p. 1162; 1583, p. 1191.\nAlthough Edmund Bonner performed his ambassadorial duties well as far as Henry VIII was concerned, he displeased the king of France, who asked for him to be recalled. Henry recalled him, giving him the bishopric of London, and sent Sir John Wallop to replace him. 1570, p. 1245; 1576, p. 1066; 1583, p. 1093.\nThe king sent Thomas Cromwell and the dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk to dine with Thomas Cranmer to reassure him after his opposition to the Six Articles. 1570, p. 1298; 1576, p. 1111; 1583, p. 1136.\nHenry asked for a summary of Cranmer's objections to the Six Articles. 1570, p. 1355; 1576, p. 1157; 1583, p. 1185.\nPhilip Melancthon wrote a letter to Henry VIII against the Six Articles. 1570, pp. 1340-44; 1576, pp. 1144-47; 1583, pp. 1172-76.\nThomas Cromwell arranged the marriage between the king and Anne of Cleeves. 1570, p. 1295; 1576, p. 1109; 1583, p. 1134.\nHenry had Thomas Cromwell arrested on charges of heresy and treason. Shortly after Cromwell's execution, the king lamented his death. 1563, p. 598; 1570, p. 1360; 1576, p. 1157; 1583, p. 1185.\nHenry VIII repudiated Anne of Cleves, divorced her and married Katherine Howard at the time of the execution of Cromwell. 1570, pp. 1361, 1385; 1576, pp. 1161, 1181; 1583, pp. 1190, 1210.\nAfter Cromwell's death, the king was persuaded against the Great Bible and had sales stopped. 1570, p. 1363; 1576, p. 1163; 1583, p. 1191.\nKing Henry commanded that Robert Barnes, Thomas Garrard and William Jerome recant the doctrine they had been preaching. 1570, p. 1371; 1576, p. 1170; 1583, p. 1198.\nKing Henry wrote to Archbishop Cranmer, ordering that idolatrous images be removed from churches. 1563, p. 625; 1570, p. 1385; 1576, p. 1181; 1583, p. 1210.\nFor a long period, Henry VIII denied his daughter Mary the title of princess. Thomas Cranmer urged a reconciliation. 1570, p. 1565; 1576, p. 1335; 1583, p. 1396.\nKatherine Parr read and studied the scriptures and discussed them with her chaplains. The king was aware of this and approved, so she began to debate matters of religion with him. When the king became more ill-tempered because of his sore leg, her enemies, especially Stephen Gardiner and Thomas Wriothesley, took the opportunity to turn the king against her. 1570, pp. 1422-23; 1576, pp. 1212-13; 1583, pp. 1242-43.\nHenry gave a warrant for the gathering of articles against Katherine. 1570, pp. 1422-23; 1576, pp. 1212-13; 1583, pp. 1242-43.\nHenry told one of his physicians of the charges against Katherine; the physician was then sent to treat her when she fell ill, and he divulged the charges to her. 1570, p. 1423; 1576, p. 1213; 1583, p. 1243.\nThe king then visited Katherine, who explained that she was ill because she feared she had displeased him. She submitted humbly to him and was forgiven. 1570, p. 1423; 1576, p. 1213; 1583, p. 1243.\nWhen Thomas Wriothesley with 40 of the king's guard came to arrest the queen and her ladies-in-waiting, he found them walking happily in the garden with the king. The king sent him away. 1570, p. 1425; 1576, p. 1214; 1583, p. 1244.\nHenry gave an oration to parliament in 1545. 1570, pp. 1412-13; 1576, pp. 1203-04; 1583, pp. 1233-34.\nWhen Claude d'Annebault, the French ambassador, went to see Henry VIII at Hampton Court, lavish entertainment was laid on for him, but he was recalled before he had received half of it. During the course of the banquet, he had private conversation with the king and Archbishop Cranmer about the reform of religion in the two countries. 1570, p. 1426; 1576, p. 1215; 1583, p. 1245.\nAs long as Henry had good advisers, like Anne Boleyn, Thomas Cromwell, Thomas Cranmer, Anthony Denny and William Buttes around him, he did much to foster religious reform. 1563, p. 682; 1570, p. 1441; 1576, p. 1229; 1583, p. 1259.\nDuring Henry VIII's final illness, Sir Anthony Browne tried unsuccessfully to get Stephen Gardiner reinstated in the king's will. 1570, p. 1478; 1576, p. 1253; 1583, p. 1291.\nWhen Henry was on his deathbed, Anthony Denny asked him if he wished a spiritual adviser, and he asked for Thomas Cranmer. Before Cranmer could arrive, however, the king had lost the power of speech. He clasped Cranmer's hand, and shortly after died. 1570, p. 1477; 1576, p. 1253; 1583, p. 1290.\nK. Edward 6. The raigne of king Edward with his rare commendations and vertues.\nMarginaliaAnno 154.7\nMarginaliaK. Edward deliuering the Bible to the Prelats.\n¶ The Ninth Booke containing the Actes and thinges done in the Reigne of King EDWARD the sixt.\n[View a larger version]\nCommentary on the Woodcuts Close\nLike the imposing image at the beginning of the reign of Henry VIII, the woodcut prefacing the reign of Edward VI at the start of Book IX presents pictorial witness to the reforming achievements of the young Josiah. This is a programmatic enactment of the most important 'actes and thinges done' in Edward's reign. It celebrates, in a neat tripartite formula, the most important reforms achieved by a prince 'tender in yeares' but mature in godliness. At the top of the page in a deft compression (helped by its inserted tags) we see how churches were cleared of 'popish trumpery' by burning images, while crosses, chalices, candlesticks, mass books and other discarded ceremonial objects are being transported to banishment in the the 'ship of the Romish Church' by Catholics fleeing into exile. In the lower portion of the woodcut the young king, seated in state before his lords spiritual and temporal, hands the holy book of the word to the divines on his right, as his father had before him. On the other side, in a masterpiece of compression, a reformed church is depicted, furnished for only the two sacraments of baptism and communion. The communion table (labelled as such) is free-standing and not placed against the wall. Meanwhile the preacher (with book) in his pulpit, and the crammed congregation listening below, tell us that the service of the word is the be all and end all. The seated woman with the book is present here, just as in the scene of Latimer preaching, and the role of women in this new world is also indicated by the mother and child mounting the step nearly offstage to the right.\nMarginaliaAnno 1547.\nThe raigne & tyme of K. Edward.NExt after the death of K. Henry succeded king Edwarde his sonne, being of the age of 9. yeres. He began his raigne the 28. day of Ianuary, and raygned 6. yeares and 8. monethes, and 8. dayes, and deceased, ann. 1553. the 6. day of Iulye.\nOf whose excellente vertues & singuler graces wrought in him by the gift of God, although nothing canne be sayde enough to his commendation: yet because the renowmed fame of such a worthye prince shall not vtterlye passe our story without some gratefull remembraunce, I thought in few wordes to touch some litle portion of his prayse, taken out of great heapes of matter, which might be infer-red. For to stand vppon all that might be sayde of him, it would be to long: and yet to say nothing, it were to much vnkinde. If kinges and Princes which haue wisely and vertuously gouerned, haue foūd in all ages writers to solemnise and celebrate theyr Actes and memory, such as neuer knew them, nor were subiect vnto thē, how much thē are we English men bound not to forget our duety to K. Edward, MarginaliaCommendation of K. Edward.a prince although but tender in yeres, yet for his sage and mature rypenes in witte and all Princely ornamentes, as I see but few, to whom he may not be equal, so agayne I see not many, to whom he may not iustly be preferred.\nAnd here to vse the example of Plutarch in comparing kings and rulers, the Latines with the Greekes together if I should seek with whom to match this noble Edward, I finde not with whom to make my match more aptly, thē with good Iosias. For as the one began his raigne at eight yeares of his age, so the other beganne at 9. Neyther were their acts and zelous procedings in Gods cause much discrepant. For, as milde Iosias pluckt downe the hil altars,\nAAAa.j.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line554927"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7404101490974426,"wiki_prob":0.2595898509025574,"text":"Advertising, Behavioral Targeting, Big Data, Business Intelligence, Commerce, Content Marketing, Conversational Marketing, Conversion Optimization, Customer, Customer Experience, Inbound Marketing, Influencer, Interactive Marketing, Lead Generation, Lead Nurturing, Leadership, Online Advertising, Online Testing, Optimization, Strategy, Thought Leadership\nCMOs Win When High-Value Customers Are Treated Personally Online\nWith constant access to a growing list of channels and devices, today’s connected customers are no longer satisfied with vanilla, one-size-fits-all experiences and offers. To stand out in the increasingly crowded and competitive marketplace, many C-level executives from the world’s most iconic brands are not content with just “Keeping Up With the Joneses.” Instead, they are actively seeking opportunities to better understand their high-value customers across every channel and device.\nThe reason for this is simple: These customers are more often than not brand loyalists and willing to persuade others to become regular brand purchasers if they’re kept happy and engaged consistently in every single place they are interactive with brands. But the task of keeping brands happy and engaged beyond one big “win” isn’t easy. It requires CMOs and the entire business, for that matter, to combine their internal resources with technology that’s both powerful and agile enough to boost customer engagement and revenue long term. And a brand’s success today, in this hyperconnected and digitally dependent environment we live in, depends heavily on leveraging digital to reward high-value customers. Rather than spout out a to-do list of tactics that show high-value customers they’re appreciated, here are some specific benefits instead that can be derived from deep and sophisticated forms of segmentation:\nDon’t confuse high-value customers for high-volume customers.\nIn the less digitally savvy days, brands and their teams of analytics “experts” would navigate through Excel spreadsheets with massive amounts of data. In those days, there was sometimes confusion and lack of knowledge as to what constitutes a high-value customer. As a result, high-volume customers would often be mistakenly categorized, and subsequently treated, as high-value customers. But the reality was, and still is today, that people who interact with a brand frequently aren’t necessarily going to be the ones that have the most value from the perspective of consistent engagement, conversions and sales across multiple channels – from being inside a physical store to making a last-minute purchase on their mobile devices or shopping from their PCs. So it was common for those brands to see a huge surge in traffic for a short burst of time, but after the excitement faded, so did the engagement and ROI.\nMarketers today need to adopt a more realistic and accurate definition of value that’s based on “the combination of opportunities to convert and increase potential order value, and maximizes both, while at the same time, yields your highest value customers.” But identifying the best customers online and serving them the content they need is easier said than done. The key to obtaining a 360-degree view of high-value customers means personalizing and differentiating every message by offering an array of online content to drive maximum conversion and revenue uplifts.\nTo get there, the modern brands of today must, and I repeat must, push beyond the basic forms of personalization – think product recommendations or ads that chase you around on the Web. Instead, these brands are likely to be best served by leveraging the power of technology, real-time data and automated segmentation to effectively profile individuals who are in actuality high-value customers. That identification is the first hurdle that brands need to overcome. From there, it’s all about extending personalization across every device and channel to delight and please consumers with the most humanly relevant, easy-to-navigate and engaging offers.\nTap into the beauty of data to boost cross-channel ROI.\nThe urgency to identify high-value customers online is being fueled by a number of factors. First, the online channel represents the biggest growth opportunity for most brands. According to a new Forrester Research global eCommerce report, e-commerce revenues are going to continue to grow in 2014 as customers’ online buying habits evolve. Meanwhile, a new study released by IBM in 2014 reveals that brands stand to lose $83 billion due to poor customer experiences.\nWhen you think about it, that’s a lot of revenue that could be left on the table if brands don’t put every segment of their customers first. For example, brands are able to gather intelligence on channels shopped — including Web, tablet, mobile phone or store — and then integrate data from a CRM system, POS, DPM or other source to help augment customer profiles. By combining intelligence on shopping history, search history and Web behavior, this combined intelligence can help brands identify when to offer an in-store promotion, extend a seasonal offer or make a product recommendation. If brands are able to identify their high-value customers, then they can scale the business more efficiently and ensure that every decision and action they make is focused on delivering the right actions defined by the right data.\nDiscover unique attributes of unique markets.\nOne common challenge that today’s brands face is a tendency to make decisions based on data points as opposed to data profiles. In these instances, it’s not that uncommon for brands to use pre-existing data models to identify their buyer personas as well as the content and offers they deliver on their websites and mobile sites.\nBy using automated segmentation and targeting, brands should be able to detect segments unique to their brands and industries. This process turns traditional targeting on its head because buyer profiles and offers are all determined by real-time intelligence gathered against real-time customer behavior. One example of such a data profile could be a “weekend shopper” persona. Based on their digital behavior and purchase activity, these shoppers may spend significantly more money (at multiple channels) than mid-week shoppers. So it’s more than likely these shoppers would be frustrated and intolerant of being shown irrelevant and mismatched offers that would better suit mid-week shoppers. That is where many brands today realize that even with all the benefits of technology, they have made shoppers that much less tolerant and patient with poor experiences.\nMove away from campaign analysis; bring it back to the customer.\nOne of the ways brands have traditionally gathered intelligence on customer behaviors is through basic A/B testing of different content and offers. Building on the quantifiable value of testing, many innovative brands are now shifting from campaign-driven analysis to a more holistic and accurate customer-driven analysis. By doing so, marketers can get a more robust and humanistic view of every single customer segment, as well as being able to identify which segments are performing better than others. With businesses – across all teams – being challenged to consistently demonstrate ROI, this ability to gauge the value of high-value customers and appropriately target them with the best content on the best devices at the best times and places, is especially critical to success.\nMarch 13, 2014by Paul Dunay","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1186672"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.666863739490509,"wiki_prob":0.33313626050949097,"text":"Hello Health, Goodbye Hassle\nBrooklyn’s innovative, insurance-free medical service is a model to follow.\nPaul Howard\nIn the heart of Hipsterville, New York (that’s Williamsburg, Brooklyn) you’d expect to find microbreweries like the Brooklyn Brewery and trendy children’s clothing stores like Smoochie Baby. Within walking distance of both, however, you can also find Hello Health, a cutting-edge medical practice that doesn’t accept insurance but does offer instant messaging, email, video conferencing, and secure electronic medical records to its members.\nHello Health reflects the antiestablishment ethos that pervades Williamsburg. Dr. Sean Khozin, one of its founding doctors, explains that the practice was built on a conscious decision to drop out of the existing health-care payment system, which he believes drives up costs and strangles innovation.\n“A lot of the stuff that physicians do today has nothing to do with delivering quality care,” he says. “It’s just paperwork to satisfy the needs of third parties—mainly insurers—that are outside the doctor-patient relationship. There isn’t any other profession where ‘third parties’ dictate so much what you can and cannot do. Most practicing physicians spend over 30 percent of their administrative costs just dealing with insurance companies—and that’s outside of any other costs they may have, like medical malpractice insurance.”\nAfter graduating from medical school, Khozin quickly became discouraged by the depressing reality of day-to-day clinical practice. Primary-care physicians face low reimbursements from insurers and must navigate reams of red tape just to get paid. To compensate, they see dozens of patients every day, spending just a few minutes with each. Given the poor working conditions, many doctors opt for early retirement or more lucrative specialties, generating a national shortage of primary-care doctors. That shortage is bound to get worse, thanks to the millions of uninsured patients who will enter the system if, as seems likely, Congress passes legislation mandating that individuals buy health insurance.\nDoctors aren’t the only ones feeling frustrated. It’s not uncommon for patients to wait weeks for an appointment with their physician, sit for hours in the doctor’s lobby, and then stutter out a few symptoms before the doctor disappears again, a blur in a lab coat.\nKhozin turned to research and medical communications after completing his post-medical-school residency (he also has a degree in public health). He never lost his interest in helping patients or finding a better way to practice medicine. Eventually, he developed a partnership with Myca, a Canadian technology company, and launched Hello Health as a demonstration project. He aimed to create a new business model for medicine, “direct care,” that uses the Internet and social networking tools like email and instant messaging (IM) to connect doctors with patients while bypassing insurers and bureaucrats. Patients can search for doctors, find services and fees, and make appointments on the Hello Health website. Because they don’t accept insurance and use technology to streamline processes, Hello Health physicians have much lower overhead and can pass the savings on to patients. For instance, Khozin charges $35 a month for membership and $125 for office and video visits. Quick emails, texts, and IMs are free, as are some simple lab tests and up to two months’ worth of prescriptions for generic drugs. Other physicians using Hello Health can set their own patient-friendly fee schedules.\nHello Health appeals to patients who are uninsured or underinsured and need access to basic, affordable health care, or who have Health Savings Accounts coupled with a high-deductible health plan that covers catastrophic costs. HSAs allow patients to pay for routine costs out-of-pocket, encouraging them to shop for the best health-care values. Khozin is a big fan of the HSA model. “I think everyone should have catastrophic insurance, but let the market take care of routine care, which can be very cheap.”\nThe current system’s perverse incentives can lead to overutilization of expensive (and well-reimbursed) services that don’t lead to better outcomes and may even hurt some patients by exposing them to needless risks and side effects. “One of the main problems driving U.S. health care costs out of control is the fragmentation of care,” Khozin says. “Doctors are paid on a fee-for-service basis, not for diagnosing or managing illnesses to achieve better outcomes at lower cost.” Because Khozin and his colleagues get paid for their services in full at every session, they have no incentive to do anything more—or less—than what they think is in the best interest of their patients.\nPresident Obama and many health-care experts like to hold up the Mayo Clinic as an example of the high-quality, low-cost, integrated-care model that the rest of the country should follow. At the Mayo Clinic, doctors work in teams and are paid in annual salaries rather than fee-for-service. But most physicians actually work in small practices (often with just two or three doctors), and it’s just too impractical and expensive to expect all of them suddenly to join large integrated practices\nThe Myca technology platform solves that problem by allowing primary-care physicians and specialists who don’t share the same offices to view patients’ health records in real time, discuss the patients’ history through email or IM, and ensure that care remains coordinated. “We’ve created true continuity of care,” Khozin notes, “and strengthened the doctor-patient relationship, which, at the end of the day, is what chronic care management is all about.” Technology also improves care management by putting doctors and patients in regular communication and enabling doctors to monitor their patients’ progress and make recommendations that can improve outcomes.\nWill the Hello Health model survive the health-care legislation winding its way through Congress? Khozin is cautiously optimistic: “We need to find different ways of delivering care, and the direct-care model we’re developing is one of the most viable ways to fix the primary-care system.”\nRegulators and policymakers have a lot to learn from what physicians like Khozin are doing. Rather than trying to dictate health-care arrangements from the top down, innovators like Hello Health are creating and bundling services that patients want and can afford. That’s about as hip as it gets, in Brooklyn or anywhere else.\nPaul Howard is director of the Manhattan Institute’s Center for Medical Progress.\nGotham’s Bioterror Challenge\nTevi Troy, Paul Howard\nA Bright Spot on the Health-Care Horizon\nPaul Howard, Tim Rice Direct primary care (DPC) is bringing a high-touch, high-tech style of medicine to patients, at an affordable price.\nBack to the Drawing Board on Health Care\nTom Coburn, Paul Howard Republicans need to focus on the industry’s biggest problem: its lack of competition and transparency.\nBending the Health-Care Cost Curve—Upward\nThe president’s efforts to fix health care are destined to make our problems worse.\nPaul Howard November 18, 2009","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1485928"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9676870107650757,"wiki_prob":0.9676870107650757,"text":"Ratzinger Foundation unveils new prize, announces American winners\nPope Benedict XVI on Aug. 28, 2010.\nVatican City, Sep 26, 2017 / 12:58 pm\nThe Vatican's Joseph Ratzinger Foundation unveiled a new prize called \"Expanding Reason,\" aimed at promoting dialogue between the sciences and philosophy and theology in scholarly work.\nFour Americans – Darcia Narvaez from the University of Notre Dame and Michael Schuck, Nancy C. Tuchman, and Jesuit Fr. Michael J. Garanzini from Loyola University – are among this year's winners.\n\"Expanding Reason,\" the name of the prize, \"is a central idea in the teaching and in the work of Joseph Ratzinger (who would become Pope Benedict XVI) because he's a man of intelligence, he's a man of reason, of the search for truth,\" Fr. Federico Lombardi, former director of the Holy See Press Office, told EWTN Sept. 26.\nPresident of the Ratzinger Foundation, Fr. Lombardi said the idea for the prize came about as a way to encourage work in the direction of dialogue between science and philosophy, and science and theology – \"in research and also in the organization of courses in the university.\"\n\"Confidence in human reason is the basis for a dialogue between the different fields of human knowledge. And this is necessary to find also the direction, the answer, to big questions of life, of death, of people and of the history of mankind,\" he continued.\nThe prize has two categories: one for research-based books or works and another for professors working directly with students. The awards will be handed out at a ceremony at the Vatican Sept. 27.\nOrganized in collaboration with the University of Francisco de Vitoria of Madrid, the prize had more than 300 applicants, which Fr. Lombardi said is \"much more than we expected,\" but shows that there is space and a desire for this discussion.\nOf these 300 applicants, four winners were chosen, two under each category. Two applicants were also given honorable mention.\nOf the four winners, one was Darcia Narvaez, a professor of psychology at the University of Notre Dame since 2000. Her work, \"Neurobiology and the development of human morality: evolution, culture and wisdom,\" investigates the foundation and origins of human morality in child development.\nThe other American prize recipients are Michael Schuck, Nancy C. Tuchman and Jesuit Fr. Michael J. Garanzini from Loyola University. They won as a group under the teaching category for their work \"Healing Earth,\" an online manual of environmental science, ethics, spirituality and action promoting awareness of environmental problems.\nThe other winners were Claudia Vanney and Juan F. Franck of Buenos Aires, Argentina for their scholarly work: \"Determinism or indeterminism? Big questions from the sciences to philosophy\" and Dominican Sr. Laura Baritz of Hungary for \"the keteg Teaching Program and mission.\"\nBenedict XVI insists \"on the need to have a broad and open view of reason and its exercise in seeking the truth and the answer to fundamental questions about humanity and its destiny,\" Fr. Lombardi said in a press conference Sept. 26.\n\"This idea is fundamental to the dialogue between the Church and modern culture, between sciences and philosophy and theology, and hence also a fundamental idea for the way of thinking of the university and its function.\"\nThe Ratzinger Foundation also announced that the seventh annual Ratzinger Prize will be awarded on Nov. 18 this year.\nAlso an award of the Ratzinger Foundation, the Ratzinger Prize was begun in 2011 to recognize scholars whose work demonstrates a meaningful contribution to theology in the spirit of Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the Bavarian theologian who became Benedict XVI.\nThe foundation's international conference, also in its seventh year, will take place in Costa Rica from Nov. 29-Dec. 1, 2017. Organized in collaboration with the Catholic University of Costa Rica, this year's theme is \"Laudato si: For the 'care of the common home' a necessary conversion to Human Ecology.\"\nJoseph Ratzinger,\nPope Emeritus Benedict XVI","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1186958"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9688346982002258,"wiki_prob":0.9688346982002258,"text":"Pitt's progress; patience pays off for ACC Coastal champions\n(AP Photo/Keith Srakocic)\nBy WILL GRAVES\nPITTSBURGH (AP) Randy Juhl was kidding, sort of.\nThe longtime Pittsburgh administrator was serving as the school's interim athletic director in the winter of 2014 when the Panthers hired Pat Narduzzi to give the program a jolt after Paul Chryst headed home to Wisconsin.\nShortly after Narduzzi was introduced, Juhl brushed off the notion that Pitt had a limited ceiling in the Atlantic Coast Conference. By Juhl's math, if the university can help find a cure for polio - as Jonas Salk did in 1955 - then it \"sure as hell can win 10 football games.\"\nIt may have taken longer than Juhl or Narduzzi anticipated, but the 20th-ranked Panthers (9-2, 6-1 ACC) are on the verge of doing that. The recently minted Coastal Division champions need to win at Syracuse on Saturday to reach 10 regular-season victories for the first time since 1981.\nAnd yes, it's a big deal, tangible proof that Narduzzi believes the standards have been raised during his seven steady if not always spectacular years on the job.\n\"It's been a long time,\" Narduzzi said Monday. \"To me, that means something. In 40 years, there's something to prove when we go up there this weekend.\"\nEven if the Panthers have already proven something of sorts over the past two months. The team picked to finish fourth in the Coastal in the preseason instead sprinted to the stop in early October and stayed there as quarterback Kenny Pickett turned the school record book into a dry- erase board and sophomore wide receiver Jordan Addison became practically uncoverable.\nFour years ago, the Panthers emerged from a blah nonconference schedule to claim a surprising Coastal championship. Their reward? Getting drilled by Clemson.\nBack then, simply getting to Charlotte felt like an accomplishment. Not so much this time around. The celebration early Saturday evening at chilly Heinz Field after a 48-38 thriller over Virginia was spirited, but not over the top.\nThere's still more work to be done. A lot more, one of the reasons Pickett - whose school records this season include most career yards passing, most yards passing in a single season, and most touchdowns responsible for among a litany of others - opted to return in 2021 rather than head to the NFL.\n\"I don't think I'd be here if I didn't think this team was special,\" Pickett said. \"I knew we were capable of doing this. To say what you want to do and go out there and do it, it's a great feeling.\"\nOne that's been rare at Pitt for the better part of four decades. The Panthers' last appearance in a major bowl came 17 years ago, when they were blown out by Urban Meyer, Alex Smith and Utah in the Fiesta Bowl. The current crop of Panthers wasn't even in elementary school back then, and most weren't even in high school when Narduzzi took over the program the day after Christmas in 2014.\nDuring an era where patience can be in short supply at the FBS-level, Pitt has stuck with Narduzzi while he's fielded teams that have flirted with a major breakthrough while also stubbing their toes repeatedly.\nIt looked like it might be more of the same in 2021 when an impressive road win at Tennessee was immediately followed by a stunning home loss to Western Michigan. Narduzzi stressed everything was still on the table for the Panthers, and they have responded by winning seven of eight, including victories over Clemson, North Carolina and Virginia Tech.\nIn other places, staying somewhere between 5-7 and 8-4 - as Narduzzi has done in each of his first six seasons - isn't good enough to keep earning the right to come back. Pitt instead has doubled down on Narduzzi's methodical approach to team building, one that hit a crescendo when Pickett found Addison for the division-clinching, 62-yard touchdown in the final minutes against the Cavaliers.\n\"Anything that's going to be great takes time,\" he said. \"Sometimes people are impatient.\"\nNarduzzi is impressed with his team's maturity while allowing it's still a week-to-week thing. He thought Pitt had a handle on success after topping the Volunteers. Seven days later, the Panthers gave up 44 points at home to a team currently tied for last in the Mid-American Conference's Western Division.\n\"Do they slide back into that, `Hey, we're good again (and get sloppy),'\" Narduzzi said.\nFour years ago, Pitt wrapped up the Coastal at Wake Forest, then headed to Miami for a somewhat meaningless regular-season finale and was promptly drilled. This group seems to be more focused. Earning a trip to Charlotte is no longer the goal. Pickett's poise guiding the nation's third highest-scoring team, Addison's playmaking and the defense's ability - at least of late - to deliver in gotta-have-it moments have raised expectations internally and made Juhl's words seven years ago prescient.\n\"You have to win an ACC Championship to be anything,\" Narduzzi said. \"That's just the way it is. Our kids have a different attitude about that now, too, I think.\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1812841"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5996689796447754,"wiki_prob":0.4003310203552246,"text":"Michigan professor’s new textbook advances design optimization field\nJoaquim Martins’ Engineering Design Optimization book to educate students in how design optimization can replace conventional iterative design processes.\nWritten by: Laura Schmitt\nAndrew Ning\nAssociate Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University\nJoaquim R. R. A. Martins\nProfessor, Aerospace Engineering\nA pioneer in multi-disciplinary design optimization (MDO), University of Michigan Aerospace Engineering Professor Joaquim Martins has long touted the benefits that the field brings to aircraft design and the design of other complex engineering systems like automobiles, ships, wind turbines, and spacecraft.\nAccording to Martins, despite MDO’s usefulness in simultaneously improving design and reducing the time and cost of the design cycle, it is underutilized in industry, in part, due to a lack of engineers well-versed in the field.\n“There was a shortage of MDO courses in undergraduate and graduate curricula,” said Martins, noting that this has begun to change as top aerospace and mechanical engineering departments now include at least one graduate-level course on design optimization.\nIn fact, for more than a decade, Martins taught his own MDO course (AE 588) at U-M. During this time, he created and compiled pages of notes to enhance the course and students’ understanding of how MDO can replace conventional iterative design processes.\nMore recently, he teamed up with Brigham Young University Mechanical Engineering Associate Professor Andrew Ning, an expert in MDO with applications in aircraft design, to produce a new textbook, Engineering Design Optimization.\nEngineering Design Optimization book\nAlready available online for free, Cambridge University Press will release the print edition this fall.\nTargeted toward graduate and senior-level undergraduate students, the book covers fundamental and advanced optimization theory and algorithms, including both gradient-based and gradient-free algorithms, multidisciplinary design optimization, and uncertainty, with instruction on how to determine which algorithm should be used for a given application.\nWhile other MDO books exist, Martins’ tome strikes a nice balance between numerical methods and engineering applications.\n“If you look at all the books, some are engineering-oriented, so they focus more on applications and are very superficial on the numerical methods,” Martins explained. “On the other extreme, there are books that are more mathy—lots of proofs and theorems but very few figures.”\nEngineering Design Optimization contains more than 400 helpful visualizations that Martins and Ning meticulously created themselves to best help students understand fundamental principles.\n“I’m really pleased with the final product,” said Ning. “We put a lot of effort into trying to make the content clear, practical, and visually appealing. Hopefully it becomes a valuable resource to others seeking to learn more in this field. We certainly learned more about optimization during this process.”\nIf you look at all the books, some are engineering-oriented, so they focus more on applications and are very superficial on the numerical methods. On the other extreme, there are books that are more mathy—lots of proofs and theorems but very few figures.\nJoaquim R. R. A. Martins, Professor of aerospace engineering\nThe book also includes numerous examples that facilitate understanding of the theory, and practical tips—seldom found in existing textbooks—which are the product of the authors’ and their students’ many years of experience.\nThere are numerous end-of-chapter homework problems that increase in difficulty as students progressively build their skills and knowledge from chapter to chapter. These homework problems, along with a free, electronic version of the book, enable motivated students to teach themselves the material outside of a formal course.\nAccording to Martins, MDO became very popular in the 1980s and 1990s and the first applications of this design method was aircraft wing design.\n“There was an explosion in MDO research then,” Martins said. “People thought it would solve all the world’s problems, but then over time, researchers oversold it. However, there’s a resurgence because of the research and educational efforts of my colleagues and me. We also have more computer power so we can do higher fidelity simulations in the optimization loop.”\nMartins and his research group are widely recognized for their advances in airplane design optimization based on numerical modeling. For example, they’ve been working with aircraft manufacturers like Airbus and Embraer to use MDO. Both companies are experimenting with the computational framework (MACH) that Martins developed to optimize wing designs.\nExplore: Aerospace Engineering Campus & Community Faculty Aviation Dynamics and Controls Engineering Education Joaquim Martins","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1396641"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5904628038406372,"wiki_prob":0.4095371961593628,"text":"Editors Choice Syrian businesses and homes attacked in İzmir amid increasing anti-migrant sentiment in...\nSyrian businesses and homes attacked in İzmir amid increasing anti-migrant sentiment in Turkey\n(Source: MA)\nA group of locals attacked the houses, workplaces and cars of Syrian refugees in İzmir on Thursday evening at a time when anti-migrant sentiment is nearing the boiling point in Turkey, the Mezopotamya News Agency reported.\nThe incident took place following reports that a 17-year-old Turk was killed in a fight. A mob then headed to a neighborhood where Syrian refugees reside.\nAccording to local reports, dozens of angry people threw rocks at homes and burned a building believed to belong to Syrian refugees.\nViolence erupted in the Turkish capital of Ankara in August as an angry mob vandalized Syrian businesses and homes in response to the deadly stabbing of a Turkish teenager. The Ankara Chief Public Prosecutor’s Office has launched an investigation into 61 people following the attacks.\nHate crimes against refugees and migrants, who are blamed for many of Turkey’s social and economic troubles, have been escalating in the country in recent years.\nTurkish media including pro-government and opposition outlets fuel and exploit the flames of hatred against people who fled their countries and sought refuge in Turkey.\nAnti-migrant sentiment has also been expressed by opposition politicians. Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, leader of Turkey’s main opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP), has promised to send Syrians back home if his party comes to power.\nTanju Özcan, the mayor of Bolu province from the CHP, earlier said an additional water and solid waste tax 10 times the normal tax would be imposed on refugees living in Bolu.\nIn a recent meeting with representatives of refugees from various countries, Özcan said foreigners should respect local traditions and provided a long laundry list of things to do and not do that included not going out after 9:00 p.m., not gathering in parks in large numbers and not using too much spice while cooking because the odor disturbs the neighbors.\nAccording to UNHCR Turkey hosts the largest number of refugees worldwide. The country is currently home to around 3.6 million registered Syrian refugees along with close to 320,000 persons of concern from other nationalities.\n30 arrested for bringing migrants from Turkey to EU on leisure boats: report\nTurkey to deport 2 Syrian refugees for threatening, denigrating Turkish women\nTurkish court imposes injunction on anti-refugee mayor’s policies\nAnti-refugee mayor files complaints against some 2,000 people over social media posts\nBolu City Council approves exorbitant fees on foreigners to access public services and obtain marriage licenses\nBolu mayor seeks to deter migrants by imposing exorbitant fee for foreigners who want to marry","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line847031"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7394286394119263,"wiki_prob":0.26057136058807373,"text":"Milspin Surface Warfare Enlisted Custom Grill Grate 1/4\" Thick\nRegular price : -- Sale\nAdd Custom Text (+20.00) None Yes\nEnter Custom Text Here: (LIMIT 30 CHARACTERS)\nWhat shape is your grill grate? Select your Shape Rectangle/Square Circle\nSelect Height in Inches 14\" 14 1/8\" 14 1/4\" 14 3/8\" 14 1/2\" 14 5/8\" 14 3/4\" 14 7/8\" 15\" 15 1/8\" 15 1/4\" 15 3/8\" 15 1/2\" 15 5/8\" 15 3/4\" 15 7/8\" 16\" 16 1/8\" 16 1/4\" 16 3/8\" 16 1/2\" 16 5/8\" 16 3/4\" 16 7/8\" 17\" 17 1/8\" 17 1/4\" 17 3/8\" 17 1/2\" 17 5/8\" 17 3/4\" 17 7/8\" 18\" 18 1/8\" 18 1/4\" 18 3/8\" 18 1/2\" 18 5/8\" 18 3/4\" 18 7/8\" 19\" 19 1/8\" 19 1/4\" 19 3/8\" 19 1/2\" 19 5/8\" 19 3/4\" 19 7/8\" 20\" 20 1/8\" 20 1/4\" 20 3/8\" 20 1/2\" 20 5/8\" 20 3/4\" 20 7/8\" 21\" 21 1/8\" 21 1/4\" 21 3/8\" 21 1/2\" 21 5/8\" 21 3/4\" 21 7/8\" 22\" 22 1/8\" 22 1/4\" 22 3/8\" 22 1/2\" 22 5/8\" 22 3/4\" 22 7/8\" 23\" 23 1/8\" 23 1/4\" 23 3/8\" 23 1/2\" 23 5/8\" 23 3/4\" 23 7/8\" 24\" 24 1/8\" 24 1/4\" 24 3/8\" 24 1/2\" 24 5/8\" 24 3/4\" 24 7/8\" 25\" 25 1/8\" 25 1/4\" 25 3/8\" 25 1/2\" 25 5/8\" 25 3/4\" 25 7/8\" 26\" 26 1/8\" 26 1/4\" 26 3/8\" 26 1/2\" 26 5/8\" 26 3/4\" 26 7/8\" 27\" 27 1/8\" 27 1/4\" 27 3/8\" 27 1/2\" 27 5/8\" 27 3/4\" 27 7/8\" 28\" 28 1/8\" 28 1/4\" 28 3/8\" 28 1/2\" 28 5/8\" 28 3/4\" 28 7/8\" 29\" 29 1/8\" 29 1/4\" 29 3/8\" 29 1/2\" 29 5/8\" 29 3/4\" 29 7/8\" 30\" 30 1/8\" 30 1/4\" 30 3/8\" 30 1/2\" 30 5/8\" 30 3/4\" 30 7/8\" 31\" 31 1/8\" 31 1/4\" 31 3/8\" 31 1/2\" 31 5/8\" 31 3/4\" 31 7/8\" 32\" 32 1/8\" 32 1/4\" 32 3/8\" 32 1/2\" 32 5/8\" 32 3/4\" 32 7/8\" 33\" 33 1/8\" 33 1/4\" 33 3/8\" 33 1/2\" 33 5/8\" 33 3/4\" 33 7/8\" 34\" 34 1/8\" 34 1/4\" 34 3/8\" 34 1/2\" 34 5/8\" 34 3/4\" 34 7/8\" 35\" 35 1/8\" 35 1/4\" 35 3/8\" 35 1/2\" 35 5/8\" 35 3/4\" 35 7/8\" 36\" 36 1/8\" 36 1/4\" 36 3/8\" 36 1/2\" 36 5/8\" 36 3/4\" 36 7/8\" 37\" 37 1/8\" 37 1/4\" 37 3/8\" 37 1/2\" 37 5/8\" 37 3/4\" 37 7/8\" 38\" 38 1/8\" 38 1/4\" 38 3/8\" 38 1/2\" 38 5/8\" 38 3/4\" 38 7/8\" 39\" 39 1/8\" 39 1/4\" 39 3/8\" 39 1/2\" 39 5/8\" 39 3/4\" 39 7/8\" 40\" 40 1/8\" 40 1/4\" 40 3/8\" 40 1/2\" 40 5/8\" 40 3/4\" 40 7/8\" 41\" 41 1/8\" 41 1/4\" 41 3/8\" 41 1/2\" 41 5/8\" 41 3/4\" 41 7/8\" 42\" 42 1/8\" 42 1/4\" 42 3/8\" 42 1/2\" 42 5/8\" 42 3/4\" 42 7/8\" 43\" 43 1/8\" 43 1/4\" 43 3/8\" 43 1/2\" 43 5/8\" 43 3/4\" 43 7/8\" 44\" 44 1/8\" 44 1/4\" 44 3/8\" 44 1/2\" 44 5/8\" 44 3/4\" 44 7/8\" 45\" 45 1/8\" 45 1/4\" 45 3/8\" 45 1/2\" 45 5/8\" 45 3/4\" 45 7/8\" 46\" 46 1/8\" 46 1/4\" 46 3/8\" 46 1/2\" 46 5/8\" 46 3/4\" 46 7/8\" 47\" 47 1/8\" 47 1/4\" 47 3/8\" 47 1/2\" 47 5/8\" 47 3/4\" 47 7/8\" 48\"\nSelect Width in Inches 14\" 14 1/8\" 14 1/4\" 14 3/8\" 14 1/2\" 14 5/8\" 14 3/4\" 14 7/8\" 15\" 15 1/8\" 15 1/4\" 15 3/8\" 15 1/2\" 15 5/8\" 15 3/4\" 15 7/8\" 16\" 16 1/8\" 16 1/4\" 16 3/8\" 16 1/2\" 16 5/8\" 16 3/4\" 16 7/8\" 17\" 17 1/8\" 17 1/4\" 17 3/8\" 17 1/2\" 17 5/8\" 17 3/4\" 17 7/8\" 18\" 18 1/8\" 18 1/4\" 18 3/8\" 18 1/2\" 18 5/8\" 18 3/4\" 18 7/8\" 19\" 19 1/8\" 19 1/4\" 19 3/8\" 19 1/2\" 19 5/8\" 19 3/4\" 19 7/8\" 20\" 20 1/8\" 20 1/4\" 20 3/8\" 20 1/2\" 20 5/8\" 20 3/4\" 20 7/8\" 21\" 21 1/8\" 21 1/4\" 21 3/8\" 21 1/2\" 21 5/8\" 21 3/4\" 21 7/8\" 22\" 22 1/8\" 22 1/4\" 22 3/8\" 22 1/2\" 22 5/8\" 22 3/4\" 22 7/8\" 23\" 23 1/8\" 23 1/4\" 23 3/8\" 23 1/2\" 23 5/8\" 23 3/4\" 23 7/8\" 24\" 24 1/8\" 24 1/4\" 24 3/8\" 24 1/2\" 24 5/8\" 24 3/4\" 24 7/8\" 25\" 25 1/8\" 25 1/4\" 25 3/8\" 25 1/2\" 25 5/8\" 25 3/4\" 25 7/8\" 26\" 26 1/8\" 26 1/4\" 26 3/8\" 26 1/2\" 26 5/8\" 26 3/4\" 26 7/8\" 27\" 27 1/8\" 27 1/4\" 27 3/8\" 27 1/2\" 27 5/8\" 27 3/4\" 27 7/8\" 28\" 28 1/8\" 28 1/4\" 28 3/8\" 28 1/2\" 28 5/8\" 28 3/4\" 28 7/8\" 29\" 29 1/8\" 29 1/4\" 29 3/8\" 29 1/2\" 29 5/8\" 29 3/4\" 29 7/8\" 30\" 30 1/8\" 30 1/4\" 30 3/8\" 30 1/2\" 30 5/8\" 30 3/4\" 30 7/8\" 31\" 31 1/8\" 31 1/4\" 31 3/8\" 31 1/2\" 31 5/8\" 31 3/4\" 31 7/8\" 32\" 32 1/8\" 32 1/4\" 32 3/8\" 32 1/2\" 32 5/8\" 32 3/4\" 32 7/8\" 33\" 33 1/8\" 33 1/4\" 33 3/8\" 33 1/2\" 33 5/8\" 33 3/4\" 33 7/8\" 34\" 34 1/8\" 34 1/4\" 34 3/8\" 34 1/2\" 34 5/8\" 34 3/4\" 34 7/8\" 35\" 35 1/8\" 35 1/4\" 35 3/8\" 35 1/2\" 35 5/8\" 35 3/4\" 35 7/8\" 36\" 36 1/8\" 36 1/4\" 36 3/8\" 36 1/2\" 36 5/8\" 36 3/4\" 36 7/8\" 37\" 37 1/8\" 37 1/4\" 37 3/8\" 37 1/2\" 37 5/8\" 37 3/4\" 37 7/8\" 38\" 38 1/8\" 38 1/4\" 38 3/8\" 38 1/2\" 38 5/8\" 38 3/4\" 38 7/8\" 39\" 39 1/8\" 39 1/4\" 39 3/8\" 39 1/2\" 39 5/8\" 39 3/4\" 39 7/8\" 40\" 40 1/8\" 40 1/4\" 40 3/8\" 40 1/2\" 40 5/8\" 40 3/4\" 40 7/8\" 41\" 41 1/8\" 41 1/4\" 41 3/8\" 41 1/2\" 41 5/8\" 41 3/4\" 41 7/8\" 42\" 42 1/8\" 42 1/4\" 42 3/8\" 42 1/2\" 42 5/8\" 42 3/4\" 42 7/8\" 43\" 43 1/8\" 43 1/4\" 43 3/8\" 43 1/2\" 43 5/8\" 43 3/4\" 43 7/8\" 44\" 44 1/8\" 44 1/4\" 44 3/8\" 44 1/2\" 44 5/8\" 44 3/4\" 44 7/8\" 45\" 45 1/8\" 45 1/4\" 45 3/8\" 45 1/2\" 45 5/8\" 45 3/4\" 45 7/8\" 46\" 46 1/8\" 46 1/4\" 46 3/8\" 46 1/2\" 46 5/8\" 46 3/4\" 46 7/8\" 47\" 47 1/8\" 47 1/4\" 47 3/8\" 47 1/2\" 47 5/8\" 47 3/4\" 47 7/8\" 48\"\nEnter Diameter in Inches 14\" 14 1/8\" 14 1/4\" 14 3/8\" 14 1/2\" 14 5/8\" 14 3/4\" 14 7/8\" 15\" 15 1/8\" 15 1/4\" 15 3/8\" 15 1/2\" 15 5/8\" 15 3/4\" 15 7/8\" 16\" 16 1/8\" 16 1/4\" 16 3/8\" 16 1/2\" 16 5/8\" 16 3/4\" 16 7/8\" 17\" 17 1/8\" 17 1/4\" 17 3/8\" 17 1/2\" 17 5/8\" 17 3/4\" 17 7/8\" 18\" 18 1/8\" 18 1/4\" 18 3/8\" 18 1/2\" 18 5/8\" 18 3/4\" 18 7/8\" 19\" 19 1/8\" 19 1/4\" 19 3/8\" 19 1/2\" 19 5/8\" 19 3/4\" 19 7/8\" 20\" 20 1/8\" 20 1/4\" 20 3/8\" 20 1/2\" 20 5/8\" 20 3/4\" 20 7/8\" 21\" 21 1/8\" 21 1/4\" 21 3/8\" 21 1/2\" 21 5/8\" 21 3/4\" 21 7/8\" 22\" 22 1/8\" 22 1/4\" 22 3/8\" 22 1/2\" 22 5/8\" 22 3/4\" 22 7/8\" 23\" 23 1/8\" 23 1/4\" 23 3/8\" 23 1/2\" 23 5/8\" 23 3/4\" 23 7/8\" 24\" 24 1/8\" 24 1/4\" 24 3/8\" 24 1/2\" 24 5/8\" 24 3/4\" 24 7/8\" 25\" 25 1/8\" 25 1/4\" 25 3/8\" 25 1/2\" 25 5/8\" 25 3/4\" 25 7/8\" 26\" 26 1/8\" 26 1/4\" 26 3/8\" 26 1/2\" 26 5/8\" 26 3/4\" 26 7/8\" 27\" 27 1/8\" 27 1/4\" 27 3/8\" 27 1/2\" 27 5/8\" 27 3/4\" 27 7/8\" 28\" 28 1/8\" 28 1/4\" 28 3/8\" 28 1/2\" 28 5/8\" 28 3/4\" 28 7/8\" 29\" 29 1/8\" 29 1/4\" 29 3/8\" 29 1/2\" 29 5/8\" 29 3/4\" 29 7/8\" 30\" 30 1/8\" 30 1/4\" 30 3/8\" 30 1/2\" 30 5/8\" 30 3/4\" 30 7/8\" 31\" 31 1/8\" 31 1/4\" 31 3/8\" 31 1/2\" 31 5/8\" 31 3/4\" 31 7/8\" 32\" 32 1/8\" 32 1/4\" 32 3/8\" 32 1/2\" 32 5/8\" 32 3/4\" 32 7/8\" 33\" 33 1/8\" 33 1/4\" 33 3/8\" 33 1/2\" 33 5/8\" 33 3/4\" 33 7/8\" 34\" 34 1/8\" 34 1/4\" 34 3/8\" 34 1/2\" 34 5/8\" 34 3/4\" 34 7/8\" 35\" 35 1/8\" 35 1/4\" 35 3/8\" 35 1/2\" 35 5/8\" 35 3/4\" 35 7/8\" 36\" 36 1/8\" 36 1/4\" 36 3/8\" 36 1/2\" 36 5/8\" 36 3/4\" 36 7/8\" 37\" 37 1/8\" 37 1/4\" 37 3/8\" 37 1/2\" 37 5/8\" 37 3/4\" 37 7/8\" 38\" 38 1/8\" 38 1/4\" 38 3/8\" 38 1/2\" 38 5/8\" 38 3/4\" 38 7/8\" 39\" 39 1/8\" 39 1/4\" 39 3/8\" 39 1/2\" 39 5/8\" 39 3/4\" 39 7/8\" 40\" 40 1/8\" 40 1/4\" 40 3/8\" 40 1/2\" 40 5/8\" 40 3/4\" 40 7/8\" 41\" 41 1/8\" 41 1/4\" 41 3/8\" 41 1/2\" 41 5/8\" 41 3/4\" 41 7/8\" 42\" 42 1/8\" 42 1/4\" 42 3/8\" 42 1/2\" 42 5/8\" 42 3/4\" 42 7/8\" 43\" 43 1/8\" 43 1/4\" 43 3/8\" 43 1/2\" 43 5/8\" 43 3/4\" 43 7/8\" 44\" 44 1/8\" 44 1/4\" 44 3/8\" 44 1/2\" 44 5/8\" 44 3/4\" 44 7/8\" 45\" 45 1/8\" 45 1/4\" 45 3/8\" 45 1/2\" 45 5/8\" 45 3/4\" 45 7/8\" 46\" 46 1/8\" 46 1/4\" 46 3/8\" 46 1/2\" 46 5/8\" 46 3/4\" 46 7/8\" 47\" 47 1/8\" 47 1/4\" 47 3/8\" 47 1/2\" 47 5/8\" 47 3/4\" 47 7/8\" 48\"\nEmblem Surface Warfare Enlisted\nSurface Warfare Enlisted\nThe man at the BBQ grill is the closest thing there is to a King in the United States, and Milspin Custom Grill Grates are the crown jewels. Your custom grill grate is cut from a 1/4\" thick sheet of hot rolled steel with maximum heat transfer properties from grill to food, and heat storage within the slats. Each piece is hand ground past its mil scale layer exposing bare steel that can be seasoned like traditional cast iron cookware.\nMilspin Grill Grates are packaged with a light coat of vegetable oil applied to the grate, and sealed in clear plastic for protection in transport.\nHow to Season Your Milspin Custom Grill Grate:\nWash your grate with soap and water. Dry well.\nApply cooking oil to all sides of your grate. PAM will work as well.\nRemove excess drips with a paper towel, but make sure all surfaces are coated.\nPre-heat your grill to approximately 350 degrees. Heat grate for 2-3 hours. Add a light coat of cooking oil about every 30 minutes. This, along with regular use, will ensure that your grate does not develop rust.\nClean excess food and apply a light coat of oil after each use.\nMILSPIN CUSTOM GRILL GRATES ARE 100% VETERAN MADE IN THE U.S.A.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1601943"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7074761390686035,"wiki_prob":0.2925238609313965,"text":"Solidarity with sex workers in Europe!\nAdherence to protests challenging\nthe deaths of Jasmine and Dora\nJuly 18, 2013. – From Sex Workers´s Network of Latin America and the Caribbean (Redtrasex), we extend our solidarity to all sex workers in Sweden and throughout Europe and adhere to the protests that will take place tomorrow, Friday 19 in different countries because of Jasmine and Dora´s death , sex workers .\nThe sad news Jasmine´s murder, a sex worker from Sweden, committed the July 11 puts us on alert. This crime tells us about the vulnerability of female sex workers when states do not advocate our protection and the guarantee of our rights. Instead, we push further underground with penalty laws for customers. Moreover, this crime highlights the stigma, discrimination and violence that they constantly live as sex workers.\nIn Sweden, the persecution of sex work is done through the penalization of customers and non-recognition of our bussines, such as that. On this side of the world, the discourse of those who say they are fighting against the IS people, exalts this model. Thus, it feeds the extent grade of violence against us leaving exposed and socially vulnerable.\nFor over 15 years, Redtrasex strives to support and strengthen the Sex Workers Women’s Organizations in the defense and promotion of their human rights. Our Network consists of organizations from 16 countries and we hope to add many more like: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic and Uruguay.\nWe support from Latin America, all claims related to the promotion of sex workers rights and repudiate any act of physical and symbolic violence that is imposed on us anywhere in the world.\nBeing leaders of our own lives will decrease symbolic and physical violence that we suffered by states and groups that seems to claim against trafficking.\nElena Reynaga\nExecutive Secretary Redtrasex","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line66242"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9342726469039917,"wiki_prob":0.9342726469039917,"text":"Gallardo Needing to Work Deeper\nBy Adam Boedeker\t• Published August 11, 2015\nYovani Gallardo currently is sporting a 3.47 ERA — below his career-best mark of 3.51 set last season with the Milwaukee Brewers.\nBut the Rangers' starter has seen that number climb dramatically since he saw his streak of 30-plus scoreless innings come to an end in July.\nIn fact, Gallardo hasn't registered a quality start since July 2, and he has only worked six innings once since then — allowing five runs in six innings of work against the Yankees on July 30.\nNow, he'll look to buck that trend on Tuesday night, and the game is set up nicely for him to succeed. The Rangers are on the road, where they've been fantastic this year, and the Twins' entire lineup is scuffling at the moment for a team that has won just two of its last 10 games.\nPrior to his last start against Houston (three earned runs in five-plus innings), he had allowed five earned runs in three consecutive starts.\nThe Rangers have seen Gallardo be a very good veteran starter for them, but it's been a while. Tuesday night would be a good time to see that version of Gallardo again.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line348908"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5281057953834534,"wiki_prob":0.47189420461654663,"text":"Precolumbian era\nBefore the arrival of the Spaniards to America, the current Salvadoran territory was inhabited by different indigenous ethnic groups, highlighting the Pipiles, a population of Nahuatl origin that occupied the western and central region of the territory and the Lencas that populated the eastern part of the country. But the most extensive domain until the Spanish conquest was that of the kingdom of Cuscatlán (El Salvador). San Salvador is the capital city of El Salvador according to simplyyellowpages.\nConquest, colony and independence\nThe Spanish conquerors, led by Pedro de Alvarado, together with his brother Gonzalo, crossed the Paz River between the years 1524 – 1525. They arrived from the area that includes the current Republic of Guatemala after participating in the conquest of Mexico. During the colony, El Salvador was part of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, also known as the Kingdom of Guatemala. The Salvadoran territory was divided into the Mayor’s Offices of Sonsonate and San Salvador, the latter being erected as Intendancy at the end of the 18th century.\nIn 1811 and 1814 there were important uprisings against Spanish rule that expressed the independence concern of the Creoles. Finally, the Central American nations achieved their independence from Spain, on September 15, 1821. From the 5 of January of 1822, the provinces of Central America, except the opposition of the elite sansalvadoreña and Guatemalan intellectuals, joined to the First Mexican Empire until the 19 of March of 1823, when Agustin de Iturbide abdicates before Congress.\nCentral American Federation\nIn the period following independence, El Salvador and the other Central American countries tried to maintain the union inherited from the colony and created the Federal Republic of Central America, a federation that was dissolved in 1839.\nIn 1851 El Salvador suffered its most significant military defeat since its independence, the Battle of La Arada. After the dissolution of the Union, there was a period of fighting between liberals and conservatives that lasted until 1871. During this period, indigo cultivation declined and coffee was introduced. Between 1871 and 1931 governments succeeded one another that favored the interests of the nascent elite linked to the cultivation of coffee.\nIn 1882, during the presidency of Rafael Zaldívar, the Legislative Assembly decreed the abolition of communal and ejido lands, which were sold to individuals, which caused a sudden change in land tenure.\nIt is the smallest country in Central America and the only Central American country without a coastline on the Caribbean Sea. The terrain is mostly mountainous with a narrow coastal belt and central plateau. Its coastline extends from the mouth of the Paz River, to the southwest, to that of the Goascorán River, to the southeast.\nEl Salvador is known for its volcanoes, among which the Ilamatepec (Santa Ana), the Chichontepec (San Vicente), the Quetzaltepec (San Salvador), the Chaparrastique (San Miguel) and the Izalco stand out, called until very recently. «The lighthouse of the Pacific».\nEl Salvador is located in the tropical climate zone and offers similar thermal conditions throughout the year. However, due to its coastal strip along the Pacific Ocean, important annual oscillations occur related to the sea breeze that carries humidity and heat.\nThe average annual temperature (period considered: 1950 – 1990) is 24.8 ° C, with the lowest average temperature occurring in the months of December (23.8 ° C) and January (23.9 ° C), while the warmest month is April (32.0 ° C). Average annual rainfall is 1823 mm.\nEl Salvador has two seasons: the dry (November-April) and the rainy (May-October). In addition, the country is affected by the Caribbean hurricane season (June-November). Frequent tropical storms and hurricanes increase the flow of local rivers, affecting some of the areas with floods. The most destructive hurricanes that have affected El Salvador are: Fifi (1974), Gilbert (1988), Andrew (1992), Mitch (1998), Stan (2005), Félix (2007) and Ida (2009).\nAfter the signing of the 1992 peace accords, the economic elite drew up a plan to appropriate most of the public companies through the privatization of state assets, leaving the respective liabilities (national and international debt) in the hands of the government. state. These companies included the nationalized banking before the war, the telephone, the opening and conversion of pension funds to the private sector, vehicle registration and driver’s licenses. They also proceeded to dismantle the productive capacity of the state, and then go to tender for those services among the private business community that offered them. The privatization of health services did not succeed due to strong opposition from medical organizations and other workers in the country’s health sector. By reducing the army, a huge number of private security agencies were created that were quickly hired by public institutions run by the operators of the economic elite. With major privatizations, the dismantling of the state, and the tapping of the nation’s general budget, the economic elite have created a private welfare state that is enjoyed by a few thousand people. Currently, the economy is more oriented towards manufacturing and services, rather than agriculture (coffee growing). Its main industries are food and beverages, products of the dismantling the state and taking advantage of the nation’s general budget, the economic elite has created a private welfare state that is enjoyed by a few thousand people. Currently, the economy is more oriented towards manufacturing and services, rather than agriculture (coffee growing). Its main industries are food and beverages, products of the dismantling the state and taking advantage of the nation’s general budget, the economic elite has created a private welfare state that is enjoyed by a few thousand people. Currently, the economy is more oriented towards manufacturing and services, rather than agriculture (coffee growing). Its main industries are food and beverages, products of the oil, tobacco, chemicals, textiles and furniture.\nThere are currently fifteen free trade zones in El Salvador. The largest beneficiary has been the textile maquila industry, which provides 88,700 direct jobs, and consists mainly of cutting the clothes that are assembled for export to the United States.\nEl Salvador was the first country to sign and implement the Free Trade Agreement between the United States, Central America, and the Dominican Republic (CAFTA), as well as free trade agreements with Mexico, Chile, the Dominican Republic, and Panama, and has increased its exports to those countries.\nTravel to El Salvador\nNew Caledonia History and Geography\nCentral America El Salvador\n← Brasilia, Brazil Architecture\nBaghdad, Iraq History and Government →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line274773"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.977789044380188,"wiki_prob":0.977789044380188,"text":"‘Pirates’ finale LIVES UP TO PROMISE\nMay 30, 2007 12:00 am by Robert Yaniz Jr. | MONTAGE EDITOR\nPirates of the Caribbean had long been one of the most popular Disney theme park attractions, but when the studio announced a film version of the beloved ride, fans and industry insiders alike were\nHere is the caption with cutline\njustifiably skeptical. However, 2003’s Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl became an audience favorite, earning more than $300 million in the United States alone and landing Johnny Depp his first Academy Award nomination. Taking note of the film’s phenomenal success, Disney reunited the entire team for two more chapters in the saga, the last of which hit theaters nationwide Thursday night.\nAllegedly the final film in Disney’s proposed trilogy, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World’s End picks up soon after its predecessor, last year’s Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man’s Chest. Will Turner (Orlando Bloom) and Elizabeth Swann (Keira Knightley), now in a shaky alliance with the mysteriously resurrected Captain Barbossa (Geoffrey Rush), must rescue Captain Jack Sparrow (Depp) from Davy Jones’s Locker and unite the nine Pirate Lords against the sinister Lord Cutler Beckett (Tom Hollander), who is intent on eradicating the entire pirate population.\nNearly three hours long, At World’s End tackles a number of unresolved subplots, and unlike this month’s Spider-man 3, the film pulls it off nicely. Screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio skillfully juggle their massive cast of characters as if they are chess pieces, moving each one into position in surprising yet satisfying ways. While many fans regarded Dead Man’s Chest as a disappointment, it effectively set up the events of this film, and the payoff is just as exhilarating as promised. At World’s End is a bit convoluted at times, but the writers crafted an elaborate, dense tale that warrants repeat viewings.\nWhile the story may be more intricate than most, At World’s End also delivers loads of epic battles and action sequences, culminating in a visually awe-inspiring standoff as the trilogy’s two most notable pirate ships do battle on the brink of an immense whirlpool. The film offers nonstop thrills but never shifts its focus away from its now-iconic characters and their individual journeys.\nWhat makes these films so interesting is their dynamic cast of characters – each of whom has his or her own motives and objectives. As the principle focus of the trilogy, Depp is again delightful as the eccentric Captain Jack, who suffers some loopy effects after his stint in purgatory. Even more madcap than usual, Jack’s antics are not quite as fresh this time around, but while the character’s novelty has dissipated, his trademark wit and outrageous attitude still charm viewers.\nBloom and Knightley also effortlessly slip back into their roles, and the rest of the supporting cast is as amusing as before. Bill Nighy offers another impressive performance as tentacle-faced Davy Jones, and Rush’s over-the-top portrayal of the magnetic Barbossa is no less sharp than in the original film.\nIn addition to its enormous ensemble cast, At World’s End introduces some new faces, such as Captain Sao Feng (Chow Yun-Fat of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon) and legendary rocker Keith Richards as Captain Teague, Jack’s estranged father. Since Richards was the original basis for Depp’s portrayal of Jack Sparrow, his role here is essentially an acknowledgment of his influence on Depp’s Oscar-nominated work. Though At World’s End is crammed with humor, thrills, action and more than enough plot twists, it never feels overcrowded. Thanks to its sharp writing and faithful continuity, the film organically flows from its predecessors, imbuing the Pirates trilogy with a consistency sadly lacking from most blockbuster film series. Despite the resolution that it offers to the previous two films, At World’s End leaves room for the story to continue. Although there are no definitive plans for a fourth Pirates film, Depp has repeatedly expressed interest in returning, and Disney is likely to pursue the series as long as it remains profitable. For now, fans can be thankful that Pirates of the Caribbean has avoided the pitfalls of most film trilogies and entered the cinematic lexicon as a prime example of how to provide a successful series with a fitting conclusion.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1478533"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7247149348258972,"wiki_prob":0.2752850651741028,"text":"« Cookie Thief: Meilah and the Blessing of Yom Kippur\nSiyum Mishna for James Joseph Orlow z”l »\nSukkot Gets Real\nPublished September 21, 2018\t8.1.4 Succot , Uncategorized 1 Comment\nTags: Family, James Joseph Orlow, Sukkah\nEveryone warned me that the High Holidays would be hard after the recent passing of my father, but in truth, it was just not the case. My father did not especially connect with these holidays. He was not a religious Jew in any conventional way. He did not grow up with much Jewish ritual in his life. At the same time, he was a deeply spiritual person. He spent close to 60 years of his life immersed in the study and practice of law, but I do not think he connected to the idea of a court on high in which we would be judged. Almost his entire career and life was committed to immigrants to this country, but in many ways in the place of the synagogue he himself was an alien.\nWhile my dad was a genius and spent an extraordinary amount of his time and energy in his formidable mind, he loved to build things with his hands. When it comes to my mourning process, there is a big part of me that is expecting the shoe to drop on Sukkot. Some of my favorite memories of my father are of his building things. For him, building a Sukkah made more sense than the more abstract Jewish rituals. This Sukkot, I pause to contemplate the nature of the Sukkah, in memory of my father.\nThe Talmud records a difference of opinion between Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Akiva regarding the nature of a Sukkah. Rabbi Eliezer teaches that the Sukkot of the desert experience were “clouds of glory,” which hovered over the Children of Israel for forty years in the wilderness. Rabbi Akiva disagrees saying, “The Sukkot were real booths that they built for themselves.” (Sukkah 11b) Did either Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Akiva think that when they entered into a Sukkah in their own era that they were actually sitting in the imagined reference point? Either way you cut it the Sukkah is a symbol. Does this symbol represent a metaphor to the Divine presence or does it represent something akin to what we were using in the desert?\nClearly these two Rabbis would eat in each other’s Sukkot, so what are they disagreeing about? At one level we could understand the disagreement between Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Akiva to be one of understanding what it means to be Jewish. Is being Jewish a religion ( “clouds of glory”) or a nationality (real booths they used post Exodus in the desert)? The Sukkah is a tangible and real structure formed by human hands. And at the same time it is it a spiritual space that connects us to God. The Sukkah can be a symbol of our experience as a people in a physical and historic way, while simultaneously offering a religious manifestation of our metaphysical relationship with God.\nWhile at first glance I think that my father might agree with Rabbi Akiva, I truly believe that he connected to Rabbi Eliezer as well. He found deep spiritual fulfillment in creating a space for his family to meet and be together. While, the Sukkah is immersive metaphor we get to really enter our national and religious memories, it is also the place we build to hold family memories.\nI’m reminded of the many ways in which camp is like a Sukkah, an immersive metaphor we get to really enter. Camp is a community we create with our own hands, yet it is a mystical and meaningful place that transcends the physical space in which it’s located. Like a Sukkah, camp is temporary, but the brevity of our time there endows it with a special sense of holiness all year-long. Additionally, while a Sukkah is an enclosed dwelling made up of four walls to keep us safe, we are supposed to cover it with branches to ensure that we can still see the stars above. Camp also functions this way: while it takes place in a specific space and time and is safe and secure, the lessons we learn and the friends we make transcend these limitations, providing a light that shines through the year – and for the rest of our lives. For many of us camp friends are really like family.\nFor me I expect that my mourning will get real during Sukkot. I find comfort, however, in the nature of the Sukkah itself. A Sukkah is all at once a metaphor for the tangible, mystical, and familial.\nJames Joseph Orlow z’l and Libi Frydman Orlow his 14th grandchild\n1 Response to “Sukkot Gets Real”\n1 Eulogy for James Joseph Orlow z”l | Said to Myself Trackback on July 18, 2019 at 11:35 am","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line691863"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8098852038383484,"wiki_prob":0.8098852038383484,"text":"VOTE: South Jersey HS Athlete of the Week for the Week of Dec 1st\nJosh Hennig Updated: December 3, 2021\nContributing Authors: Prime Events\n*Riley Gunnels, Trevor Cohen, Lotzeir Brooks - Photos by Dave O'Sullivan/Glory Days Magazine\nEach week, we are bringing you the chance to vote for the South Jersey High School Athlete of the Week. We want to recognize some of the great student-athletes from around the Cape Atlantic League with five nominees. Last week's winner was J.C. Landicini from Cedar Creek!\nCheck out this week's candidates for the South Jersey High School Athlete of the Week, vote down below.\n*Trevor Cohen, Holy Spirit, Senior - The quarterback completed 15 of 19 passes for 264 yards and five touchdowns against Atlantic City. He became the 12th Cape Atlantic League player to throw five TDs in a game, joining a list that includes Holy Spirit High School graduates Ryan Yost (2018) and Fred Dalzell (1968).\n*David Giulian, Middle Township, Senior - He ran for 181 yards and two touchdowns while also throwing a touchdown pass in their win over Lower Cape May. He also anchored the defense that held Lower scoreless until the final minutes.\n*Lotzeir Brooks, Millville, Freshman - He had 119 receiving yards and two touchdowns in their win over rival Vineland. That gives him 909 receiving yards this season, a new South Jersey record for a freshman.\n*Riley Gunnels, Ocean City, Junior - The quarterback completed 12 of 19 passes for 137 yards and two touchdowns in their win over Pleasantville. He finished the season with 1,395 passing yards, 17 touchdown passes, and also ran for 11 touchdowns.\n*Kevin Mayfield, St. Joseph, Senior - He rushed for 126 yards and a touchdown as the Wildcats defeated Winslow Township. He lifted his career totals to 1,298 rushing yards and 21 touchdowns.\nKEEP READING: Greater Atlantic City Area Athletes Who Played Games In NFL\nSource: VOTE: South Jersey HS Athlete of the Week for the Week of Dec 1st\nFiled Under: 97.3 ESPN South Jersey Athlete of the Week, High School Football, Holy Spirit, Lotzeir Brooks, Millville, Ocean City High School, Riley Gunnels, Trevor Cohen","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line445852"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9721739292144775,"wiki_prob":0.9721739292144775,"text":"About the Gender Policy Report\nThe Gender Policy Report is a non-partisan, multidisciplinary effort to produce and disseminate timely, gender-focused analyses of emerging U.S. federal policy proposals and developments.\nGender Policy Report contributions clarify the gendered bases of policy practices and conflicts. They offer diverse public audiences informed perspectives on how policies matter for gender equality, gender equity and constructions of gender itself.\nWorking across varied media platforms, the Gender Policy Report seeks to inform policy debates and improve public discourse. Our mission is to take the best insights from scholarship and research and make them accessible to broader communities in a way that is timely for addressing serious policy challenges.\nWhat sets the Gender Policy Report apart?\nAcademic Rigor. We are different from other sources of information because we draw on evidence-based, scholarly research.\nIntersectional. We distinguish our analyses from others through consistent attention to how gender intersects with other inequalities such as race, class, sexual orientation, immigration status, religion, and disability.\nBroad. We consider the implications for gender equality and equity of a broad range of policy areas, including, but not only, policy areas typically associated with gender or women.\nReliable. We are a reliable and truthful source of information in an era in which fake and biased news has become commonplace.\nThe Gender Policy Report is a project of the Center on Women, Gender, and Public Policy at the University of Minnesota’s Humphrey School of Public Affairs.\nGender Policy Report Leadership\nhttp://www.hhh.umn.edu/directory/christina-ewig\nChristina Ewig\nFaculty Director, Center on Women, Gender, and Public Policy\nGender Policy Report","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1740601"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5799623727798462,"wiki_prob":0.5799623727798462,"text":"Home » Today’s “White Person’s Burden”: To Counter Racism\nToday’s “White Person’s Burden”: To Counter Racism\nBy Maha Elgenaidi, Executive Director.\nAfter decades of leading a national nonprofit that counters bigotry through education, I am now firmly convinced that we need new partners to overcome racism, Islamophobia, and exclusivist thinking in our nation. So far, we have been treating the disease of ignorance through education and inter-cultural engagement. This is right, and we need to do more of it, but it’s not enough.\nWe must also address the dangerous disease of indifference, specifically the indifference of many, though thankfully not all, Americans of European origins, commonly referred to as “white,” who, while finding no common cause with the Ku Klux Klan, are simply not directly addressing the harms of racism in our country perpetrated by deep-seated unconscious bias, exclusivist churches, and, in the worst case, outright white supremacy, as we witnessed in Charlottesville, the recent Waffle House shooter, Dylann Roof, and anti-government militias.\nIn the face of racist policies such as the Muslim ban and the epidemic of police killings of black men in this country, it is incumbent upon white Americans to avoid becoming what Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., referred to as the “white moderate, who is more devoted to ‘order’ than to justice; who prefers a negative peace which is the absence of tension to a positive peace which is the presence of justice.”\nAs noted columnist Leonard Pitts, Jr., points out, racism is a white problem. White Americans, biased or not, must take up responsibility for fighting unconscious bias, racism, and white supremacy among their number, just as Christians and Jews need to take responsibility for combating Islamophobia in their communities and Muslims for combatting anti-Semitism or extremism in theirs.\nIt’s not up to blacks, Muslims, or immigrants to prove their inherent value to white Americans or that they belong to America. Rather, the impetus for change needs to come from white Americans working to dispel bigotry among their peers. And white Americans need to do this not out of altruism, which will almost inevitably bear the taint of paternalism, but out of solidarity: we’re all in this enterprise called America together.\nWorking together, we might start by deconstructing “whiteness.” Whiteness is a socially constructed category, not something given by nature. People classified as “white” have neither a common ethnicity nor a common culture; they come from a great variety of ethnicities, religions and cultures, most of which have long been in conflict with one another. The concept of “whiteness” was born of colonialism, which sought a convenient way to define who the masters and who the subordinates were in the European colonies; “white people” structurally stood over against the indigenous “non-white” peoples of colonized territories.\nReinforcing this master-slave relationship were constructed narratives about colonized peoples, sometimes rooted in extremist Christian interpretations that for centuries supported racism.\nFor example, in the case of Muslims and people of the Middle East, the narrative was that they were sunk in backwardness and enslaved by an oppressive and false religion. In the case of Africans, the narrative portrayed them as primitive beings, not quite human, fit only for hard labor under the lash of whites. In case of the Native Americans, the story ran that they were savages needing to be civilized, Christianized, and turned into white farmers.\nThese narratives together bred the notion of the “white man’s burden,” the supposed duty of Euro-Americans to uplift (or, in the case of Africans, to enslave) the “poor, benighted savages.” Today, we rightly recognize this notion not only as demeaning but as a threadbare cover for policies and actions that were utterly self-serving on the part of a white elite.\nIt’s time to recognize that today’s “white burden” is to undo the systemic oppression of yesterday’s “white man’s burden,” starting with uprooting the attitudes of white superiority still present, at least unconsciously, in the minds of many white Americans, even those consciously committed to anti-racism.\nFor these narratives remain with us today and form the basis of many white Americans’ fears and anxieties towards “the other,” towards anyone who is not of white European origins. They drive the racist policies and discrimination non-whites are facing:\nMuslims confront hate crimes (including an average of nine mosques vandalized every month), bullying of our children, talk of Muslim surveillance and Muslim registry, and policies such as the Muslim ban.\nFor Blacks, over fifty years after civil rights laws promised equality of opportunity, the median income of African-American households lags almost 40% behind that of whites, and the median net worth of white households is 13 times that of African-American households. African-Americans, who are 12% of the US population, constitute 33% of the prisoners.\nThe situation of Latinos is only slightly less dire. Their median household income is the same as that of Blacks; the median net worth of Latino households is one-tenth that of white households. Sixteen percent of the population, Latinos are 23% of the prisoners.\nThe concept of “whiteness,” including its implication of white superiority and supremacy or its assumption that only white people “really belong” in America, is the ideological cement that holds these structures of injustice in place. That cement can be broken down only by the concerted and consistent struggles of white people against the deep-seated bigotry in their own ranks.\nOne roadblock to the success of these efforts is the widespread conviction among white Americans that they are free from any taint of racist attitudes. They forget, or ignore, the fact that, as recent studies of “unconscious bias” have confirmed, such attitudes may reside deep in our unconscious and influence our behavior without our consciously realizing it. Only such unconscious bias can explain the continued racist disparities noted above in a culture that publicly condemns racism.\nThis is the reality that should put the struggle against racism on the front burner for white Americans. It’s not that people of color and other minorities are not fighting back against bigotry. Minority populations in the United States have regularly formed voluntary and professional associations to resist oppression while simultaneously reaching out across lines of difference to teach about themselves. My organization, the Islamic Networks Group (ING), joins other minority community groups that have taught diverse audiences, built intercultural bridges, and promoted peaceful intercultural relations on the local, national, and international levels. But organizations such as ours can’t go it alone; white Americans must take responsibility and exert initiative for combating racism and bigotry in their communities.\nTo accomplish that, white Americans must do at least the following:\nRecognize the reality of unconscious bias, the sort of bias that, for instance, drove a white Starbucks manager to call the police on two African-American men waiting for a business colleague or that leads security staff to follow an African-American or other “non-white” customer around a store. Only when we recognize our biases can we combat them.\nBuild a mainstream movement among white Americans to organize, stand up, and speak out, to teach in their churches, schools, and civic organizations on respect for diversity, starting with deconstructing whiteness, its history and narratives about non-whites, and the damage and harm it continues to cause minorities in the U.S.—and to all Americans by fomenting divisiveness and tension. Such a movement is not only a moral imperative; it is crucial to the well-being of the overwhelming majority of Americans. The recent multi-faith (but, appropriately, mostly Christian) rally against racism in Washington, D.C. on the anniversary of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s death is an example of what’s needed.\nTeam up with minority-led education and advocacy organizations working in this space. Here at ING, we have on our staff five Muslims (Sunni and Shia) who identify along a broad spectrum of liberal and conservative Islam, but also three white Christians. They chose to join this organization because they believe rightly that it is not the job of Muslims alone to counter Islamophobia. Many of the members of our Interfaith Speakers Bureau are white, non-Muslim Americans who clearly see the value in pushing back against bigotry in their communities.\nThe United States and the world require a positive peace rooted in justice, and we won’t get it unless we work together to overcome the twin diseases of ignorance and indifference that threaten to harm all of us.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line18707"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7131747007369995,"wiki_prob":0.7131747007369995,"text":"rksu.nbuv.gov.ua\nRukopisna ta knižkova spadŝina Ukraïni\nThe series of scientific articles \"Manuscript and Book Heritage of Ukraine\" maintains a policy of open access to published material, recognizing the priority principles of the free dissemination of scientific information and knowledge exchange for global social progress.\nUsers are free to read, download, copy and distribute the content for educational and scientific purposes with obligatory indication of authorship.\n(Texts are available under the Creative Commons\nwith Attribution — NonCommercial)\nScientific periodicals of Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine (VNLU):\nLibraries of National Academies of Sciences\nAcademic Papers VNLU\nBiographistica Ukrainica\n“Manuscript and Book Heritage of Ukraine” [Rukopisna ta knižkova spadŝina Ukraïni] is a digest of scientific works, professional continuing edition with the subtitle \"Archaeographic Studies of Unique Archival and Library Funds\". It is designed for specialists in the fields of book science, codicology, archeography, archival science, source studies, librarianship, bibliography, social communications, as well as a wide range of researchers interested in national history.\nFounded in 1993 on the basis of a specialized research unit of the Vernadsky Central Scientific Library (now – Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, VNLU) - Institute of Manuscript, is formed with the involvement of specialists of other scientific departments of VNLU, as well as domestic and foreign library and archival institutions.\nFounder and publisher: Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. It comes out with a frequency of 1–2 issues per year. Languages: Ukrainian, English, Polish.\nDigest of \"R. K. S. U.\" was registered by the Attestation Board of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine as a professional publication in the specialties “Historical Sciences” (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 10.10.2015 No. 1021) and “Social Communications” (Order of the Ministry of Education of Ukraine dated 21.12.2015 No. 1328).\nThe digest covers various aspects of studying the history and life of a manuscript book, old printed books, specialized library and archival holdings in order to reconstruct the history of book culture in Ukraine and world; scientific researches on special historical disciplines (book source studies, codicology and codicography, filigranology, paleography, textual studies, marginal studies, etc.) are represented; paper publications, scientific and information materials (reviews of the composition and content of funds, archaeographic and bibliographic descriptions, indexes, notices, reviews), articles on problems of storage, restoration and conservation of manuscripts and books, as well as on the creation of automated technologies for describing manuscript and printed documents, use of information retrieval systems in library and archives, etc. Foreign experience is also represented.\nTheoretical and scientific and methodological level of the digest of \"R. K. S. U.\" is provided by studies of the well-known in Ukraine and beyond the scientific school of codicology and archaeography, started in the early 1990s by Doctor of Sciences (History), Corresponding Member of the NAS of Ukraine L. Dubrovina, as well as by scientific studios of scientific schools in the field of books, librarianship , biography, national bibliography, formed at VNLU.\nMaterials are submitted under the headings: “Studies of archival and book fonds”, “History of book collections and gatherings”, “Codicology and codicography”, “Studies in special historical disciplines”, “Preservation of library and archival funds”, “Information technologies in library and archival case”, “Publication of documents”, “Our colleagues abroad”, “Messages”, “Reviews”, “Personalia”.\nSignificant dates in the activity of the VNLU and NAS of Ukraine are marked by the beginning of anniversary columns, in particular – \"To the 100th anniversary of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine\" (Issue 19) and \"To the 100th anniversary of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine” (Issues 21, 22).\nIn the Science Board of the digest \"R. K. S. U.\" – Academician of NAS of Ukraine (1), Doctor of Sciences (7). Of these, O. Onyshchenko. H. Papakin, N. Shyp. O. Khamrai, O. Pastushenko. Foreign specialists - Alina Dzentiol (Poland), Rima Tsitsinene (Lithuania) and Olaf Hamann (Germany) are also involved to the Scientific Board of the R. K. S. U.\nIn the modern Editorial Board of the digest \"R. K. S. U.\" – Corresponding Members of NAS of Ukraine (2), Doctors (11) and Candidates of Sciences (7). Of these, 1 Corresponding Member, 6 Doctors and 5 Candidates of Science are VNLU staff. In different years the Editorial Board included leading scientists in the field of book science, archaeography, source studies: L. Dubrovina, G. Boryak, T. Kivshar, G. Kovalchuk, S. Kuleshov, V. Omelchuk, O. Onyshchenko, P. Sokhan, G. Yukhimets, N. Shyp and others. The Editorial Board also includes foreign experts from Poland, France, Lithuania, Great Britain. Editor-in-chief of the digest is Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor L. Buriak. Secretary in Charge is N. Zubkova.\nEditorial board of the digest \"R. K. S. U.\" provides review process. Articles are prepared in compliance with the requirements for editorial design of a scientific professional publication in accordance with state standards. Abstracts, key words and a list of sources used are submitted in Ukrainian and English (the list of sources used is also in Latin transliteration).\nAmong the authors are famous domestic and foreign scientists: S. Bulatova, O. Galchenko, L. Gnatenko, P. Holobutsky, L. Dubrovina, N. Zubkova, O. Ivanova, G. Kovalchuk, L. Kornii, Y. Labyntsev, K. Lobuzina, I. Matiash, L. Mukha, Y. Mytsyk, B. Plachynda, O. Poghribny, I. Sergeyeva, S. Sokhan, S. Starovoit, O. Stepchenko, V. Ulianovsky, I. Chepiha, Ye. Chernukhin, N. Shyp, L. Yaremenko, Y. Yasinovsky and others.\nPublications of the digest \"R. K. S. U.\" are issued in accordance with international requirements for submission of scientific publications, reflected in the Reference database \"Ukrainian Science\", indexed by scientific databases : Web of Sciences (WOS), Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Index Copernicus, Research Bible, Scientific Indexing Services.\nScientific digest \"R. K. S. U.\" has its own website (http://rksu.nbuv.gov.ua/. The electronic archive of the edition is presented on the digest site: http://rksu.nbuv.gov.ua/en/archive and in the database \"Scientific periodicals of Ukraine\" on the VNLU portal.\nDanevych S.G. Thematic index of studies published in the digest of scientific works “Manuscript and Book Heritage of Ukraine: Archaeographic Studies of Unique Archival and Library Fonds (1993–2005) : Iss. 1–10 »// Manuscript and Book Heritage of Ukraine. Kyiv, 2007. No. 11. Pp. 247-264. http://rksu.nbuv.gov.ua/doc/rks_2007_11_18\nZubkova N.M. \"Manuscript and Book Heritage of Ukraine\" // Ukrainian Archival Encyclopaedia / State Committee of Ukraine, UNIASD; I. Matyash (Editor-in-Chief), I. Voitsekhivska, L. Dubrovina, M. Zhelezniak, S. Zvorsky, S. Kuleshov, O. Mitiukov, K. Novokhatsky, L. Odynoka, O. Onyshchenko, R. Pyrih, V. Smolii, P. Sokhan, Y. Yatskiv. Kyiv: \"Gorobets\" Publishing House, 2008. P. 715.\nManuscript and book heritage of Ukraine","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line241426"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7222827076911926,"wiki_prob":0.7222827076911926,"text":"Unity Bancorp Announces 11% Increase in Fourth Quarter Cash Dividend, Up 25% from Prior Year\nUNTY\nUnity Bancorp, Inc.\nCLINTON, N.J., Nov. 18, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Unity Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ: UNTY), parent company of Unity Bank, announced that its Board of Directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.10 per common share. Such dividend is payable on December 31, 2021, to shareholders of record as of December 17, 2021.\nThis represents an 11% increase from the $0.09 dividend per common share paid in the prior quarter, and a 25% increase from the $0.08 dividend per common share paid in March 2021. The estimated dividend payout ratio is approximately 10% based on Unity’s September 30, 2021 quarterly results.\n“2021 has been a remarkable year for Unity Bank as we continue to bounce back from the effects of the ongoing pandemic,” said Unity Bank President & CEO James A. Hughes. “We are thrilled to share our record earnings with the bank’s shareholders by announcing the second increase in cash dividends paid in 2021.”\nUnity Bancorp, Inc. is a financial service organization headquartered in Clinton, New Jersey, with approximately $2.0 billion in assets and $1.7 billion in deposits. Unity Bank, the company’s wholly owned subsidiary, provides financial services to retail, corporate and small business customers through its 19 retail service centers located in Bergen, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Somerset, Union and Warren Counties in New Jersey and Northampton County, Pennsylvania. For additional information about Unity, visit our website at www.unitybank.com , or call 800-618-BANK.\nThis news release contains certain forward-looking statements, either expressed or implied, which are provided to assist the reader in understanding anticipated future financial performance. These statements may be identified by use of the words “believe”, “expect”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “project” or similar expressions. These statements involve certain risks, uncertainties, estimates and assumptions made by management, which are subject to factors beyond the company’s control and could impede its ability to achieve these goals. These factors include those items included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Item IA-Risk Factors” as amended or supplemented by our subsequent filings with the SEC, as well as general economic conditions, trends in interest rates, the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans, our ability to manage and reduce the level of our nonperforming assets, and results of regulatory exams, and the impact of COVID-19 on the Bank, its employees and customers, among other factors.\nNews Media & Financial Analyst Contact:\nGeorge Boyan\nEVP & Chief Financial Officer\n2 ETFs That Grew Over 98% in the Last 5 Years\nThere are a lot of growth-oriented ETFs that offer consistent capital appreciation but only relatively few can be considered “high” growth stocks. The post 2 ETFs That Grew Over 98% in the Last 5 Years appeared first on The Motley Fool Canada.\nBerkshire Hathaway says it has added 12,000 jobs\nBerkshire Hathaway Inc, run by billionaire Warren Buffett, said on Friday its workforce has grown by about 12,000, recovering some jobs it lost earlier in the COVID-19 pandemic. Berkshire had shed more than 31,000 jobs in 2020 as economies slumped and demand for many goods and services fell. Berkshire did not immediately respond to a request for comment sent to Buffett's assistant.\nYahoo Finance Canada\nOntario to open private sports betting market on April 4\nAs of April 4, authorized private sportsbooks can begin taking bets in Ontario.\nFederal government posts $73.7B deficit for April-to-November period\nOTTAWA — The federal government ran a budget deficit of $73.7 billion for the April to November period of the current fiscal year. The Finance Department says the result compared with a deficit of $232 billion in the same period a year earlier. Program spending, excluding net actuarial losses, between April and November totalled $289.5 billion, down from nearly $386.4 billion a year earlier. Public debt charges for the eight-month period totalled nearly $16.5 billion, up from $13.5 billion in th\nPBO is ‘so far removed’ from its original mandate\nIn late January, Parliamentary Budget Officer Yves Giroux released a report focusing on the economic and fiscal update provided in 2021. One of the findings of the report questions whether the government’s stimulus spending plans were necessary, given economic indicators such as the employment rate have returned to pre-pandemic levels. “It appears to me that the rationale for the additional spending initially set aside as ‘stimulus’ no longer exists,” Giroux said. On this episode of Editor's Edition, Alicja Siekierska and the Public Policy Forum's Sean Speer take a look at the latest PBO report. While Speer agrees with the analysis provided by the PBO, he says the report is an example of how the office has steered away from its original mandate. “If the case for the PBO is going to be a kind of oppositional voice to the government, it seems to me it’s so far removed from its mandate that it’s probably no longer justified and we should blow it up and start over again,” Speer said. If you have any policy-related questions, or feedback about the show, please email alicja@yahoofinance.com.\nCanadian National Railway highlights massive opportunities in Canadian industry, leading to my list of the best dividend stocks today, like AltaGas stock. The post 3 Dividend Stocks I’d Buy and Never Sell appeared first on The Motley Fool Canada.\nGetting an F: Alabama city's new logo stirs strong feelings\nFLORENCE, Ala. (AP) — Some residents think a northern Alabama city's new logo might be sending the wrong message. Florence's new logo uses the first three letters of its name — a capital F followed by an L and an O arranged as an exclamation point — to form F! When the city unveiled the new logo this week, it drew immediate backlash and an online petition demanding changes that had nearly 7,500 signatures. The city paid $25,000 to a Birmingham marketing firm for the branding, WAAY-TV reported. “","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line369354"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9032933712005615,"wiki_prob":0.9032933712005615,"text":"2-year-old girl leaves hospital after extra…\n2-year-old girl leaves hospital after extra limbs removed\nPUBLISHED: December 16, 2007 at 12:00 a.m. | UPDATED: August 29, 2017 at 2:04 a.m.\nBANGALORE, India – A 2-year-old girl who was born with four arms and four legs left a hospital in southern India on Saturday, little more than a month after surgeons successfully removed her extra limbs.\nThe surgeon who led more than 30 doctors in the marathon surgery said Lakshmi was making good progress and should be mobile soon.\n“Lakshmi is fine and stable,” chief surgeon Dr. Sharan Patil told The Associated Press. “She should face no problem in walking.”\nLakshmi was born joined at the pelvis to a “parasitic twin” that stopped developing in her mother’s womb. The surviving fetus absorbed the limbs, kidneys and other body parts of the undeveloped twin.\nA team of more than 30 surgeons performed a 24-hour operation on Nov. 7 at the Sparsh hospital in Bangalore, the capital of southern Karnataka state. They removed the extra limbs, transplanted a kidney from the twin and reconstructed Lakshmi’s pelvic area.\n“Lakshmi is a hero,” Patil said Saturday.\n“Lakshmi, who never turned (over) earlier, started turning after the surgery. She was even able to stand for 10 minutes on the bed holding the window grill, which is remarkable,” the Press Trust of India news agency quoted Patil as saying.\nLakshmi’s parents said they were taking her back to their rural village in eastern Bihar state where she had been revered by some as an incarnation of the four-armed Hindu goddess she was named after.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line59306"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7410848736763,"wiki_prob":0.25891512632369995,"text":"Home Articles Scattered Shots Police To Target Americans For Their Ideological Beliefs And Behaviors\nPolice To Target Americans For Their Ideological Beliefs And Behaviors\nVia Mass Private I,\nMuch has been written about President Joe Biden’s new Domestic Terror law, but nothing I have seen until now shows just how horrifying it is.\nTo say that the White House uses the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) like political puppets to push their own agenda would be an understatement. The New Yorker chronicled four DHS secretaries who were forced to resign by October 2019, and a fifth who resigned this January.\nSo when I heard about DHS counterterrorism chief John Cohen having a hard time containing his enthusiasm over Biden’s new domestic terrorism law in a GW Program on Extremism webinar I knew it couldn’t be good.\nRicardo Vazquez Garcia, from Homeland Security Today describes what happened.\nGarcia does a great job of framing the Feds justification for creating a new War On Terror by targeting American citizens.\n“A lot of progress was made by the U.S. government in dealing with the threat posed by foreign terrorist organizations and in particular dealing with the way those organizations operated, the way they recruited individuals, the way they communicated, the way they developed plans, the way they saw to introduce operatives into the domestic environment, the way they sought to recruit people here domestically,” Cohen said. “I think it is safe to say that the U.S. created quite a robust counterterrorism capability. The challenge is the threat we face today is significantly different than the one we faced after Sept. 11,” DHS counterterrorism chief John Cohen said.\nAs America closes in on the 11th anniversary of 9/11, the Feds want the public to believe that unknown terrorist organizations are recruiting your neighbor[s] to become a domestic extremist. But it is not just any neighbor, this time it is far-right “extremists” or White supremacists and Trump supporters who they want to recruit.\nFor years DHS officials have warned Americans of the dangers that lurk just outside their front doors or worse in the far-flung Middle East where extremists are plotting to bomb us, shoot us, or poison our water systems. The only difference to the terrorists that await Americans is that now they are allegedly targeting a person’s ideological beliefs.\nAccording to Cohen, “the most significant terrorist threat facing the U.S. today comes from individuals or lone offenders, and small groups of individuals who based on an ideological belief system, primarily an ideological belief system they self-connect with online activity, but they’ll go out and commit an act of violence on behalf of that belief or a combination of ideological beliefs, or a combination of ideological beliefs and personal grievances.”\nWhat does this mean for Americans?\nIt means that the Feds can target individuals for expressing anti-government sentiments.\n“In many respects, this is a much more individualized threat, and what I mean by that is if you look at the lethal attacks that have occurred in the U.S. over the last several years, they have been conducted by individuals who spend incredible amounts of time online viewing extremist content, content about past violent attacks, they tend to be individuals who have shared behavioral health or environmental characteristics,” Cohen said.\nTargeting people for their ideological beliefs is horrifying in and of itself. Biden’s new domestic terror law will also give law enforcement the right to target people based on their behaviors.\n“What we mean by that, yes, the motive and ideological beliefs are important as part of the analytic process, but the threat tends to come from individuals who have a very superficial understanding of the ideological belief system they use as the validation for an act of violence, but they do have shared behavioral characteristics,” Cohen said.\nIf any of this is beginning to sound like China, one only need look at Hong Kong to see the similarities. Speaking out in print against an authoritative regime is an arrestable offense, demonstrating against police brutality is an arrestable offense and so on.\nAs a recent Brietbart article pointed out, there is no “official Pentagon definition of extremism.” So how can our government give more powers to law enforcement to surveil and arrest suspected “domestic extremists”?\nMike Berry, the general counsel for First Liberty Institute, said he asked the Counter-Extremism Working Group (CEWG) how it intended to define “extremism” and the answer he got was something to the effect of: “We’re still working on that, we’ll probably take the existing definition and expand it.” Berry said that response was “problematic.”\nWhen an organization that backed President Trump warns people about Biden’s new domestic terror law, it is time for all of us to take notice.\nBerry warned, “I just don’t know how you can reconcile the Constitution with trying to criminalize someone’s thoughts and beliefs.” And that is the crux of the problem.\nWhen DHS counterterrorism chief Cohen goes on record saying, “There have been several cases where individuals have not met the threshold for domestic terror yet they eventually go out and commit an act of violence”, they are admitting that this is another scam that the mass media is only too happy to perpetuate.\nWhen the Feds and the mass media started asking Americans to “enhance domestic terrorism reporting” by reporting family members and co-workers, you know law enforcement has become a mirror image of other authoritarian regimes.\n“Our goal is to enhance domestic terrorism analysis and improve information sharing throughout law enforcement at the federal, state, local, Tribal, and territorial level, and where appropriate with private sector partners.”\n“This involves creating contexts in which those who are family members or friends or co-workers know that there are pathways and avenues to raise concerns and seek help for those who they have perceived to be radicalizing and potentially radicalizing towards violence,” the White House official said.\nImagine if I used the same logic that the Feds and law enforcement use. It could go something like this:\nOne day, I looked outside my window and saw my neighbor talking to a Black man and then I saw them talking to someone who appeared to be a Muslim but I couldn’t see the person’s face because it was covered with a hijab. Then I saw my neighbor putting anti-government and Black Lives Matter signs in their front yard; they even put up a Pride flag. The next day, my neighbor knocked on my front door asking me to sign a police reform petition. Little did I know that my wife and kids had already signed the petition.\nThe next day when I went to work, I overheard my co-workers saying that they planned to march in a Black Lives Matter protest and asked me to sign a police brutality petition.\nSo when I got off work I immediately called DHS’s new, “Be On The Lookout For Domestic Terrorists” hotline and filed reports on my neighbors, my family and co-workers, I even called my local police department and filed reports with the local Fusion Center. I did this to protect my Homeland, because you never really know about a person’s ideological beliefs and behaviors. (FYI, there is no domestic terrorism hotline, yet.)\nWhen did freedom of expression become a tool for law enforcement to identify family members, friends, neighbors and co-workers as potential extremists?\nGiving law enforcement more powers to target people based on made-up or junk science and unsound definitions of domestic terrorism has all the earmarks of an ever-expanding police state that began 11 years ago.\nPrevious articleF.A.B. Defense GL-Core M Adjustable Stock\nNext articleSergeant At Arms, Timothy Blodgett accidentally CONFIRMS Lieutenant Mike Byrd killed Ashli Babbitt.\nLSWCHP July 5, 2021 At 6:45 am\nWe have had a domestic terrorism hotline here in Australia since just after 9-11. There are also regular advertising campaigns along the lines of “if you see something, say something”.\nAs far as I’m aware, in 20 years of operation it has produced no actionable intelligence, or at least none that has been publicly attributed to it.\nDyspeptic Gunsmith July 5, 2021 At 12:08 pm\nDefund the police. I’ve been saying this for years, based on their incompetence. Now there’s another reason to pull their budgets.\nNow do the military. No more toys, no more budgets, no nothing.\nFred July 5, 2021 At 6:14 pm\nCohen, huh? Every. Single. Time.\nLots of Cohens within the halls of power. Blinken, Mayorkas, Levine, Garland, the list goes on, and on, and on…\nhttps://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com/tony-blinken-notes-jewish-roots-when-accepting-bidens-secretary-of-state-role/\nhttps://www.hias.org/news/press-releases/hias-congratulates-board-member-alejandro-mayorkas-dhs-nomination#:~:text=HIAS%20congratulates%20Board%20Member%20Alejandro%20Mayorkas%20on%20being%20named%20by,the%20Department%20of%20Homeland%20Security.\nhttps://www.jta.org/2021/01/20/politics/all-the-jews-joe-biden-has-tapped-for-top-roles-in-his-administration\nhttps://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com/meet-bidens-kosher-cabinet/\nShawn July 5, 2021 At 6:45 pm\neasy with the links to other sites. its a pain in the ass for me when you post more than one\nRSR July 7, 2021 At 3:55 am\nComing up on 20th anniversary of 9/11/2001.\nDon’t know WTH he’s talking about re: 11th… 11 years ago was Obama’s Admin, not GWB’s.\n*Date of the article when clicking through is 7/1/2021\nLeave a Reply to RSR Cancel reply","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line212773"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9998772144317627,"wiki_prob":0.9998772144317627,"text":"Named by Q Magazine as one of the \"5 Best Compilations of 2000,\" Romeo Must Die: The Album is the soundtrack to the Andrzej Bartkowiak 2000 film, Romeo Must Die. With executive produced by Timbaland, Barry Hankerson, Jomo Hankerson and Aaliyah, the film's star. The album features production from Irv Gotti, Rapture Stewart, Ant Banks, Eric Seats, Mannie Fresh and J Dub. Appearances include B.G., Chanté Moore, Dave Hollister, Destiny's Child, Ginuwine, Joe, Lil' Mo, Mack 10, Playa, Stanley Clarke, and Aaliyah, who appears on four songs. The album debuted at number 3 on the Billboard 200 and was certified Platinum shortly after it's release.\nLabel: Blackground Records\nRomeo Must Die [Soundtrack]\nNew: IN STOCK! $9.99\n$ 9.99 Buy\nCD - Soundtrack\n1. Try Again By Aaliyah\n2. Come Back in One Piece By Aaliyah (Feat. DMX)\n3. Rose in a Concrete World (J Dub Remix) By Joe\n4. Rollin' Raw By BG\n5. We at It Again By Timbaland ; Magoo\n6. Are You Feelin' Me? By Aaliyah\n7. Perfect Man By Destiny's Child\n8. Simply Irresistible By Ginuwine\n9. It Really Don't Matter By Confidential\n10. Thugz By Mack 10 (Feat. the Comrades)\n11. I Don't Wanna By Aaliyah\n12. Somebody's Gonna Die Tonight By Dave Bing (Feat. Lil' Mo)\n13. Woozy By Playa\n14. Pump the Brakes By Dave Hollister\n15. This Is a Test By Chante Moore\n16. Revival By Non-A-Miss\n17. Come on By Blade\n18. Swung on By Stanley Clarke (Feat. Politix)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1023612"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5288795828819275,"wiki_prob":0.4711204171180725,"text":"UNPO: 22nd Annual Conference of Ogaden Diaspora Held in Frankfurt August 7, 2017\nTags: Africa, Ethiopia, Ethiopia’s secret genocide, Genocide against the Ogaden People, Human Rights Violation Against Ogaden people, National Self Determination, Ogaden, Ogadenia, UNPO\n22nd Annual Conference of Ogaden Diaspora Held in Frankfurt\nFrom 4 to 6 August 2017, the 22nd annual conference of the Ogaden communities from around the world took place in Frankfurt Germany. The conference, organised by the Ogaden diaspora of Germany invited delegations from Somalia, Oromo, Amhara and Eritrea. Representatives from UNPO Members Ogaden National Liberation Front, Oromo Liberation Front and the People’s Alliance for Freedom and Democracy (PAFD) took part in the three-day conference. The conference saw traditional performances and fruitful discussions on the Ogadeni diaspora’s role in the future of their region and peoples and what concrete steps must be taken to advocate for the most fundamental rights of the people of Ogaden to be respected.\nThe annual 22nd conference of Ogaden Somali communities Worldwide was held from 4 to 6 August 2017 in Frankfurt, Germany.\nThe three-day conference was organized by the Ogaden community in Germany was attended by delegates representing Ogaden Communities from all five continents and invited guests from Somalia, Oromo, Amhara, and Eritrean communities. In Addition, dignitaries Ogaden National Liberation Front, Oromo Liberation Front, the Peoples’ Alliance for Freedom and Democracy (PAFD) and Patriotic Ginbot 7 also attended the conference.\nThroughout the three day event, the renowned Hilac Band constantly raised the tempo of the meeting by performing Epic Traditional Somali folklore dances moving patriotic songs that moved the participants. Moreover, Nina Simone’s moving song “I AINT GOT NO LIFE” was played to highlight the suffering of the Somali people in Ogaden.\nDue to the Ethiopian government’s total disregard for the democratic rights of life, peace, choice, assembly, freedom of speech and other basic human rights in Ogaden and Ethiopia, the Ogaden Diaspora plays a crucial role in highlighting by providing evidence of the alarming humanitarian rights situation in Ogaden and the systematic human rights violations the Ethiopian regime is perpetrating in Ogaden which include extrajudicial killings, sexual violence as a weapon of war, mass arbitrary detentions and the use of torture.\nDuring the conference, the attendees extensively discussed the dire situation in Ogaden, Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa and how to remedy the calamity in Ogaden and Ethiopia. After deliberating on all relevant issues that affect the Ogaden people in Ogaden, the Horn of African and the Diaspora and considering worsening situation in Ethiopia and the hysterical knee jerk reactions the regime to increasing resistance of the masses against its autocratic and genocidal policies and the possibility of sudden implosion of the regime from within, the participants resolved to :\n1. Strengthen the education of Ogaden Youth in the diaspora and refugee camps;\n2. promote the Somali culture and language to the younger general in the diaspora;\n3. streamline the activities of the Ogaden Communities Abroad and enhance advocacy and interaction with Human Rights and humanitarian rights institutions\n4. increase the material and moral support to Ogaden Refugees, orphans, and victims of Ethiopian government atrocities\n5. strengthen the relationships and interaction with host countries, communities and institutions and combat any acts that can create disharmony between Ogaden Somalis and host communities.\n6. Maintain and develop relationships with all oppressed communities from Ethiopia, the Horn of African and the world\n1. The just struggle of the Somali people in Ogaden to exercise their right to self-determination and life\n2. The peaceful resistance of all peoples in Ethiopia against the current undemocratic regime of Ethiopia led by EPRDF_TPLF\n3. All democratic forces and institutions that believe in the rights of all peoples to self-determination, democracy and the rule of law in Ethiopia and the rest of the world\n4. The noble effort of the Somali people in Somalia to re-establish their sovereignty, governance and rule of law\nCondemns\n1. The Ethiopian regime for its deliberate and systemic policies and practices of annihilation of the Somali people in Ogaden, by committing rampant human rights violations, blockading trade, and aid, while hampering the ability of the people to engage in economic activities that could sustain them, specially during draughts and other natural disasters\n2. The Ethiopian regime for killing innocent civilians in Ogaden Oromia, Amhara, Gambella, Sidama, Afar, Omo, Konso and other parts of Ethiopia\n3. The regime’s use of lethal force against peaceful demonstrators in Oromia and Amhara states and the general abuse of human rights of all peoples in Ethiopia\n4. Those who support the Ethiopian regime, politically, diplomatically and economically while being fully aware of it crimes against humanity and war crimes in Ogaden, Oromia, Amhara, Sidama and Gambella and other parts of Ethiopia\n5. Multinational corporations and banks that bankroll the mega-projects in Ogaden, OMO, Gambella, Benishangul and other parts of Ethiopia that forcefully displace the rural communities and destroy the livelihood of millions in Ethiopia\n6. Condemns the use of local militias by the Ethiopian regime in order to suppress popular resistance and create civil wars among the neighborly communities, specially between the Somali and Oromo peoples.\n7. Condemns certain regional administrations in Somalia in collaborating with Ethiopian regime security to forcefully rendition asylum seeker from Ogaden to the Ethiopian regime.\nCalls Upon\n1. The UN to seek security council resolution forcing the Ethiopian regime to allow independent UN commission to investigate human rights violations in Ethiopia, in particular in Somali, Oromia, and Amhara regional states and take appropriate measures to stop ongoing violations.\n2. The USA and the EU as providers of the greatest aid to the regime to stop blindly supporting the current regime and instead support the rights of the peoples in instead of a decadent, undemocratic and callous regime that violates its own constitution and rule of law\n3. The AU to stop acting as dump, paper tiger organization that always supports dictators in Africa and instead start acting on its charters and stand for the rights of African peoples. To date, the AU is silent about the atrocities perpetrated by the Ethiopian regimes against the Somali people in Ogaden and other parts of Ethiopia while thousands are massacred just across the AU headquarters!\nFinally, the Conference calls upon the Somali people in Ogaden and all peoples in Ethiopia to unite and support each other against the vile and callous regime in Ethiopia.\nUpFront Africa Show: Oromo visual artist Yaddi Bojia talks on using his art as a platform to speak on issues related to Oromo Culture,Social issues and Gadaa system August 7, 2017\nTags: Africa, art, Gadaa System, Oromo, Oromo Art: The Next Frontier, Oromo artist (Painter), UpFront Africa Show, VOA, Yadesa Bojia\nOromo visual artist and activist Yaddi Bojia talks to Jackson Muneza M’vunganyi on using his art as a platform to speak on issues related to Oromo Culture,Social issues,Black Lives Movement etc.’Artists often see their place to provoke, to voice, to enlighten.’","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1617409"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8061767816543579,"wiki_prob":0.8061767816543579,"text":"Fox News’ Andrew Napolitano Says Mueller Report ‘Might Be Enough to Prosecute’ Trump\nThe longtime Fox News judicial analyst also called Trump’s behavior ”venal,“ ”amoral,“ and ”deceptive“\nJon Levine | April 19, 2019 @ 6:28 AM\tLast Updated: April 28, 2019 @ 5:51 AM\nFox News senior judicial analyst Judge Andrew Napolitano took a sharply critical view of President Trump after the release of the Mueller report on Thursday, saying that the evidence in the report “might be enough to prosecute” him and that even if not, there was abundant evidence that Trump has behaved in a less than presidential manner.\n“Depending on how you look at them, there might be enough to prosecute, but the attorney general has decided it’s not enough to prosecute,” Napolitano said during a monologue on his Fox News digital series “Judge Napolitano’s Chambers.” “But it did show a venal, amoral, deceptive Donald Trump, instructing his aides to lie and willing to help them do so. That’s not good in the president of the United States.”\n“On obstruction of justice … the president is not exactly cleared,” Napolitano continued, noting how the report detailed “eleven instances” of times Trump had attempted to impede the Special Counsel probe.\nAlso Read: That Time Fox News' Andrew Napolitano Said President Trump Might Have Already Been Indicted (Video)\nOn Thursday, Attorney General William Barr released the full and complete Mueller report. In an earlier summary and press conference before the release, Barr was adamant that Trump’s behavior did not rise to the level of prosecution and that there had been no collusion between his 2016 presidential campaign and the Russian government.\n“There was relentless speculation in the news media about the president’s personal culpability, yet as he said from the beginning, there was, in fact, no collusion,” Barr told reporters while also attempting to explain away some of the president’s behavior during the investigation. “There is substantial evidence to show that the president was frustrated and angered by his sincere belief that the investigation was undermining his presidency, propelled by his political opponents and fueled by illegal leaks.”\nThe report itself is unlikely to change any minds, with partisans on both sides using the more than 400 page document to reinforce their already pre-existing beliefs about the probe and its ultimate conclusions.\nThough he works for Fox News — and was even reportedly considered for a spot on the Supreme Court — Judge Napolitano had taken a sharply critical view of Trump in recent months as the final Mueller report drew closer to completion.\nLast December, Napolitano raised more than a few liberal eyebrows when he told Fox News anchor Shepard Smith that President Trump might have already been indicted in secret by Robert Mueller and that there was already “ample evidence” to do so.\nAlso Read: HBO Responds to Trump Invoking 'Game of Thrones' With Mueller Report Tweet\n“There’s ample evidence … to indict the president,” Napolitano said. “The question is do they want to do it. The DOJ has three opinions on this. Two say you can’t indict a sitting president, one says you can but all three address the problem of what do you do when the statute of limitations is about to expire. All three agree in that circumstance you indict in secret, keep the indictment sealed and release it the day they get out of office.”\n“So he may already be an indicted coconspirator?” Smith asked.\n“That I don’t know about, but it could be, because we don’t know what’s been sealed,” Napolitano replied.\nYou can watch Napolitano’s full remarks here.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1126606"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.526115894317627,"wiki_prob":0.526115894317627,"text":"Home / Products / Navy Presidential Unit Citation\nSKU: 523 NPUCR\nNavy Presidential Unit Citation\nThe Navy Presidential Unit Citation (PUC) is a unit award of the United States Navy presented to U.S. Navy and Marine Corps units. The award is presented for service that is preformed with character that would be comparable to the Navy Cross Medal. The actions mush show extraordinary heroism in action against an armed enemy of the United States. Additional awards are represented by wearing a Bronze Star device on the service ribbon.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line692598"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6702333688735962,"wiki_prob":0.6702333688735962,"text":"Alex McAuliffe\nApr 4, 2020 • 3 min read\nGeneral Thomas Maitland meets Toussaint L'Ouverture to discuss the treaty ending the British presence in San Domingo, 1798\nAt the time of the French Revolution, the English government was in the hands of the landed aristocracy, the fledgling industrial bourgeoisie, and colonial interests. For all the high-mindedness of Wilberforce or Clarkson, for all the indignation and oratory of Burke or Sheridan, the highest men in government were already learning to think in continents. William Pitt and his government treated the first half-decade and more of the French Revolution as little but an opportunity to snatch up colonial prizes: the Great Game was to be played, new event in European history or no. Pitt and Dundas dutifully sent out their forces to scour the West Indies and with a bit of English derring-do, have the richest of France’s colonies shipping sugar home to London before those rebels in Paris could sort themselves.\nIn September 1793, the British landed unopposed in the southern town of Jeremie, an auspicious start to their effort to snap up this unguarded, wealthy territory. The following summer, a wholly unexpected barricade was thrown in their path: in the last gasp of the revolutionary masses of Paris, the sans-culottes in the street impressed on the National Assembly to abolish slavery in the colonies. This world-shaking salute to the slave laborers across the Atlantic was enacted in June 1794. By this generous, angry act, France secured herself the loyalty of Toussaint L’Ouverture and his army of freed blacks and, unwittingly, denied the English their prize.\nIn the summer of 1794, the British were already spread across the island, attempting to pacify and consolidate their hold on the colony. At the announcement of abolition, Toussaint L'Ouverture returned from Spanish San Domingo to rally to the French cause, instantly changing the dynamics of the conflict. Rather than sporadic slave revolts and French resistance, the English would have to contend with revolutionary troops being led by brave, gifted ex-slave officers. The English troops and their local allies lacked the revolutionary morale engendered by newfound liberty, and as the years of conflict dragged on this meant that an embittered and weakening army had to fend off an ever-renewed and energized foe. Their colonial adventure was mired in the midst of the greatest slave revolt in history.\nFrom the time abolition was proclaimed, the British possibilities had narrowed to a dilemma, though the horns swung into place slowly. They faced either defying their own slave-owning classes to uphold freedmen against the French, or fighting a catastrophic war to re-enslave some half-million men and women. With their own rich (slave) colony of Jamaica less than a hundred miles away, and their forces exhausted, neither could have seemed like a favorable choice. In early 1798, General Maitland defied his directives from London and met with Toussaint to establish a treaty. His forces would abandon their last strongholds on the coast, and cease interception of French shipping; Toussaint would let them leave, and refrain from provoking Jamaica. This was all the British had earned by their years of occupation.\nThus, for the fateful first six years of the Revolutionary Wars in France, the British were ensnared by their attempt to take San Domingo. This prolonged and financially crippling enterprise paralyzed them on the Continent. Their gambit was ultimately defeated, not by French military prowess but by ex-slaves’ revolutionary zeal. While the political works of men are fragile, abolition is not a thing easily undone, once the freed are in arms and organizing themselves. The masses of Paris granted the blacks of San Domingo their salvation, and the freedmen responded in kind by consuming France’s most powerful enemy for over half a decade.\nFortescue, a Victorian military historian writing the official history of the British Army, gives us a final epitaph:\n“I have come to the conclusion that the West Indian campaigns, the essence of Pitt’s military policy, cost England in Army and Navy little fewer than one hundred thousand men, about one-half of them dead, the remainder permanently unfitted for service… Her soldier sacrificed, her treasure squandered, her influence in Europe weakened, her arm for six fateful years fettered and paralyzed. The secret of England’s impotence in the first six years of the war may be said to lie in two fatal words: San Domingo.”\nBonus: When I was double-checking my dates for this post I had this gem of algorithmic assistance:\nThe Map and the Territory by Michel Houellebecq\nMichel Houellebecq’s 2010 novel The Map and the Territory retells an ‘artistic’ life among the moral wreckage of our early third millennium. The story is told from the first-person perspective of Jed Martin, a commercially successful French artist, with occasional comments on his artwork by an unnamed future Chinese\nAlex McAuliffe Aug 14, 2021 • 8 min read\nAfter Virtue by Alasdair MacIntyre\n”The key question for men is not about their own authorship; I can only answer the question ‘What am I to do?’ if I can answer the prior question ‘Of what stories do I find myself a part?”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1160917"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7193612456321716,"wiki_prob":0.7193612456321716,"text":"La pagina è in caricamento...\nAvailable functions\nSearch for availability\nSearch for Classroom\nShow daily Classroom status\nSearch bookings of Classrooms\nBuildings and campuses opening timetable\nThe availability of conference rooms and departmental classrooms could not be updated.\nClassroom activation status\nClassroom disabled from 12/06/2020.\nClassroom data\nAccesses, routes and photo\nEquipment, software and other information available\nCS.09 Denomination\nTEACHING ROOM Type\nMilano Bovisa - Via Durando Building\n- Room code\nMIB0213000022b Covid-19 capacity\n24 Type of seat\nATTACCHI TD NOTEBOOK\t Number of seats\nSeats for disabled students\nEQUIPMENT Seats with electric socket YES\nEQUIPMENT Seats with network socket YES\nNo software installed\nFurther information available on-line\nNo further information available\nEvents occupying Classroom\nFrom * January February March April May June July August September October November December 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027\nOn * January February March April May June July August September October November December 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027\nShow occupancy\nspazi v. 1.7.3 / 1.7.3","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1657112"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7579009532928467,"wiki_prob":0.7579009532928467,"text":"Glasgow City Council loses court bid to recover £6.5m payouts over fatal bin lorry crash\nConcern over Motability Operations' ‘excessive profits’ from vehicles for disabled raised with Scottish ministers\nNewsTransport\n10-year-old mauled by Akita dog in West Lothian\nA boy has sustained serious injuries in an attack by a dog.\nWednesday, 11th July 2018, 2:40 pm\nUpdated Thursday, 12th July 2018, 1:21 am\nA 10-year-old was left with serious injuries\nThe mixed-breed attacked the 10-year-old on Monday evening, biting him on his face and head.\nPolice have since charged a 48-year-old woman in connection with the incident, which took place in Blackridge, West Lothian.\nThe dog has been seized by police.\nA Police Scotland spokesman said: “Police in West Lothian have arrested and charged a 48-year-old woman in connection with a dog attack in Blackridge.\n“The incident took place at around 9pm on Monday in the Park Road area, when a 10-year-old boy sustained serious injuries.\n“Police Scotland has taken possession of a mixed-breed dog and are awaiting a decision by the procurator fiscal regarding any further action in relation to the animal.\n“The woman has been released on an undertaking to appear in court at a later date, and a report has been submitted to the procurator fiscal.”\nChinese New Year: When is Chinese New Year 2022 and what Chi... News\nPolice in Perth appeal for witnesses, after shopping trolley... News\nSue Gray report: 'Minimal reference' to lockdown parties in ... News\nJoanna Lumley: Mental illness is ‘overplayed’ – with emotion... News\nRyanair apologises after telling Edinburgh-bound passenger S... News","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1270189"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5518363118171692,"wiki_prob":0.5518363118171692,"text":"Home / Admissions / NEET UG-2021 Application Date Extended for B.Sc.(H) Nursing for University of Delhi\nNEET UG-2021 Application Date Extended for B.Sc.(H) Nursing for University of Delhi\nThe aspiring Candidates of NEET (UG)-2021 has been informed through the Public Notice dated 13 July 2021 to apply online for this exam during the period from 13 July 2021 to 06 August 2021.\nOn the recommendation of the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare regarding utilization of NEET (UG)-2021 Result by the admitting Colleges / Institutions regarding B.Sc (Hons.) Nursing Course, a general provision relating to the subject matter was made in the the NEET (UG)-2021 Information Bulletin (Clause 5.1.4), as follows : -“The Result of NEET (UG) -2021 may be utilized by other Entities of Central and State Governments, in accordance with their respective eligibility criteria / other norms /applicable regulations/guidelines/ rules. The result data will also be utilized for B.Sc. (H) Nursing courses in accordance with their respective eligibility criteria / other norms /applicable regulations/guidelines/ rules”.\nDU College will use NEET UG- 2021 Score for B.Sc(H) Nursing Admission\nNow, specific requests have been received from the Nursing Colleges affiliated to University of Delhi (DU) for including them in the List of Participating Institutions of NEET (UG) 2021 (on the recommendations of DU so as to enable them to utilizing the NEET (UG) Score for the students seeking admission in B.Sc (Hons.) Course.\nEligibility for B.Sc.(H) Nursing-\na)Age-\nThe minimum age for admission shall be 17 years as on 31 December of the year in which admission is sought.\nb)Minimum Education:\n(i) A candidate should have passed in the subjects of PCB (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology) and English individually and must have obtained a minimum of 45% marks taken together in PCB at the qualifying examination (class 12);\n(ii) Candidates are also eligible from State Open School recognized by State Government and National Institute of Open School (NIOS) by Central Government having science subjects and English only.\n(iii). For a candidate belonging to SC/ST or Other Backward Classes (OBC), the marks obtained in PCB taken together in the qualifying examination be 40% instead of 45% as stated above.\n(iv). English is a compulsory subject in class 12 for being eligible for admission to B.Sc. (Nursing).\nc)Reservation Policy:\nFor Divyangjan candidates: 3% Disability reservation to be considered with a disability of locomotor to the tune of 40% to 50% of the lower extremity and other eligibility criteria with regard to age and qualification will be same as prescribed for each Nursing programme.\nThe above eligibility criteria are minimum as prescribed by INC. However, the Candidates seeking admission into B.Sc. (Nursing) course in various Nursing Colleges/Institutes are advised to check the eligibility criteria from the respective Colleges/Institutes/Deemed Universities.\nNew Dates for Registration-\nTherefore, it has been decided to extend the application period for NEET (UG)-2021 upto 10th August 2021 (05:00 PM) and payment of application fee upto 10th August 2021 (11:50 PM), to enable the aspiring candidates [including the students seeking admission to B.Sc (Hons.) Nursing Course], to apply for NEET (UG) 2021.\nCorrection Window\nThe correction window will be opened from 11.08.2021 to 14.08.2021 (02:00 PM), to enable the Candidates to make corrections in the permissible fields in their respective online application form.\nTo view PDF notice- Click here\nTo view NEET UG 2021 Registration/Admission Notice- Click here","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line276497"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5168439149856567,"wiki_prob":0.5168439149856567,"text":"Petition: Impeach judge who issued 60-day incest sentence\nHELENA, Mont. (AP) — An online petition calling for the impeachment of a Montana judge over the sentencing of a 40-year-old man to 60 days in jail in an incest case involving a 12-year-old girl has more than 16,000 signatures.\nThe author of the petition on Change.org says it has been sent to Montana Gov. Steve Bullock and other officials. Bullock's office and at least one other official said Tuesday they have not received it.\nThe man was sentenced to the jail time, plus a 30-year suspended prison term last week as part of a plea deal with prosecutors.\nDistrict Judge John McKeon has defended himself against criticism, saying a plea agreement that recommended a 25-year minimum sentence allowed for a lesser one, depending on the results of a psychosexual evaluation. He said that evaluation found the defendant could be safely treated and supervised in the community. McKeon also notes the victim's mother and grandmother asked that the defendant not be sentenced to prison.\nThe AP is not naming the defendant to avoid identifying the victim.\nTo view the online petition, click here.\nSuspect sought in Lake Mary bank robbery, officials say\nColdest weather in nearly 4 years on the way to Central Florida","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line434416"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8150782585144043,"wiki_prob":0.8150782585144043,"text":"Premier League fixture release date for Leicester City ahead of 2021-22 season\nLeicester City and their rivals will find out their 2021-22 Premier League fixture list later this month\nAmie WilsonMidlands football writer\nLeicester City's King Power Stadium (Image: Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)\nThe dust may have only just settled on the 2020-21 Premier League season but preparations are already stepping up ahead of the next campaign.\nLeicester City will be hoping to build on a second successive fifth-place finish in the top flight, having narrowly missed out on Champions League qualification once again.\nBrendan Rodgers' men did, though, secure a place in the Europa League, and celebrated FA Cup glory as they beat Chelsea 1-0 in a memorable final at Wembley.\nFocus now turns to the summer transfer window, while the Foxes will also be represented at the European Championship finals.\nIn the meantime, here are all the key dates for your diary for the 2021-22 Premier League season.\nWhen are the fixtures released?\nThe fixtures for the Premier League 2021-22 will be released on Wednesday, June 16, 2021, at 9am.\nYou can find out when Leicester will face the likes of Manchester City, Manchester United, Liverpool and Chelsea by following our live coverage on the day right here at LeicestershireLive.\nWhen is the Community Shield?\nThe Community Shield between City and Premier League Champions Manchester City will take place on Saturday, August, 7, with kick-off at 5pm.\nThe game will take place at Wembley Stadium and will be broadcast live on ITV.\nTicket allocation details have not yet been released for the match.\nWhen will the Premier League season start?\nThe 2021-22 season will begin on Saturday, August 14, 2021.\nIt is just a month after the Euro 2020 final, which takes place on July 11.\nWhen will the Premier League season finish?\nThe 2021-22 campaign will finish on Sunday, May 22, 2022. As usual, all fixtures on that day will kick off at the same time.\nSummer transfer window key dates for Leicester City\nLeicester City's likely Europa League Pot and why it matters","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line414676"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8605700731277466,"wiki_prob":0.8605700731277466,"text":"The Edna G, Two Harbor’s oldest “resident,” is in need of repairs. A new group, Friends of the Edna G hopes to raise money to pay for the work. | SHAWN PERICH\nWhat’s next for the Edna G?\nby Shawn Perich June 25, 2018 June 25, 2018\nTWO HARBORS—When it comes to the future of the historic retired tug the Edna G, Tom Koehler of Two Harbors is pragmatic.\n“We can save it, sink it or sell it,” he says.\n“We” being the city of Two Harbors, which owns the iconic vessel. Listed on the National Historic Register and docked in the harbor, the Edna G was open for tours until 2015, when needed maintenance led to closure. Built in Cleveland in 1896, the Edna G has been in the water nearly continuously since it arrived in Two Harbors in 1897, which means the all-steel boat is suffering from extensive corrosion. In places, corrosion has reduced the thickness of the steel hull by half.\nKoehler, a local volunteer who serves on the city council-appointed Edna G Commission, works to keep the boat afloat, pumping the bilge regularly and doing minor repairs and maintenance to prevent further deterioration. He says that the city devotes a portion of its lodging tax to the Edna G. Unfortunately, far more money is needed to perform the necessary repairs.\nEnter the Friends of the Edna G. Formed this year, the new nonprofit hopes to act as a fundraiser for restoring the boat, if that is what the city chooses to do, says founding member Carl Shaffer. The first step is to have an engineering firm assess the boat’s current condition, especially the strength of the hull. With that assessment, discussion can begin on how to best move forward. Currently, there are at least two schools of thought regarding the Edna G’s future. Koehler believes the tug should be hauled out of the water and placed on a cradle, where it can be enjoyed by people without concerns about further deterioration.\n“The water is a terrible place to keep a boat,” he says.\nSchaffer thinks the restored boat should remain docked in the harbor.\n“A boat belongs in the water,” he says.\nBoth men agree the decisions of the Edna G’s future are up to the Two Harbors community.\nWhen it was built, the Edna G was a marvel of the time. It was the first all steel tug. With a length of 110 feet and a 23-foot beam, it was propelled with a coal-fired, two-cylinder reciprocating steam boat engine that was originally 700 horsepower. When a new boiler replaced the original in 1943, the engine became 1,000 horsepower.\nThe tug was used to tow ore carriers into and out of the harbor, and to the ore docks. Later, when bow thrusters on carriers made it possible for them to reach the docks without assistance, the Edna G was made redundant. The tug retired from service at the end of 1980. Its last tow was the Cason J Calloway, on December 30, 1980. Built and owned by the railroad, it was also available throughout much of its working life to provide excursions for railroad executives and other dignitaries. To accommodate this use, the captain’s quarters and mess were more elaborate than other working tugs.\nKoehler says the Edna G played a little noted, yet significant role in Minnesota history. Two Harbors was a primary port for iron ore leaving Minnesota’s Iron Range. Steel produced from that ore was used in two world wars, as well as much of the nation’s industrial and infrastructure development during the 20th Century.\nFor more information about the Friends of the Edna G, check out the group’s Facebook Page.\nA Labor of Love: The Making of a Norwegian Bunad\nThe Alexander Henry opens to the public\nShawn Perich\nShawn is a veteran writer and editor well-known for his many books and outdoor stories. A native of Duluth and longtime North Shore resident, he’s spent a lifetime roaming the Northern Wilds and is eager to share what he knows with readers.\nA Valentine’s Day delivery disaster\nJoe Shead January 25, 2022\nIncredible homecomings: Fetching our best friends\nCasey Fitchett January 25, 2022\nFostering a pet on the way to adoption\nPeter Fergus-Moore January 25, 2022\nGo Dog North Shore bringing new dog park to Grand Marais\nRae Poynter January 25, 2022\nMassive fire destroys Thunder Bay’s iconic landmark\nElle Andra-Warner January 25, 2022 January 25, 2022\nThe breakwall boys of winter","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1247281"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7604000568389893,"wiki_prob":0.7604000568389893,"text":"Alexander Walters\nIs journalism dead?\nSeptember 3, 2012 September 3, 2012 / AlexWalters\nA while ago on Quora somebody asked the question “Is journalism dead?” with the perhaps more realistic subheading “Is journalism a dying field?” This got me thinking about how journalism has changed in the last few years. Answer below:\nAs someone who has worked on both the editorial and commercial sides of news organisations, I would say that journalism is far from dead. What we are seeing is a change in the way that journalists operate, a change in how we pay for them and a change in public perception about what they do.\nJournalists no longer occupy an elite, authoritative platform from which to broadcast to a captive audience. News, like politics, has always come in different colours and has seen its audience divide along similarly tribal lines. If you’re a US Republican, chances are you like Fox. If you’re a UK liberal, chances are you like the Guardian. But unlike political allegiance, which remains divided into large, partisan groups, news has fractured and segmented. News now comes not only in many different colours but many shades of the same colour, whether it’s a web, mobile, print or broadcast operation.\nWhat this means is that the traditional media monoliths no longer have a monopoly over their readers. People can sample from all over the news spectrum because there is so much content out there to choose from. Thus journalists now have to pay attention to how their readers are reacting to their content and engage with them to justify their attention. Journalists must understand that their content is now part of a conversation, not a broadcast, and must be part of that conversation if they want their shade of news or opinion to be read and engaged with.\nThe organisations that are better at this see a much higher rate of engagement. People stay on the site for longer, click-through more pages and ally themselves more strongly to that particular media brand. In the long run this makes them more likely to register and/or pay for the product. Registration means more valuable and cleverly targeted advertising, subscription means cash straight into your coffers. They are also more likely to buy into alternative offerings, whether it’s a conference or a learning course. The result, in an ideal world, is that journalists get paid and journalism doesn’t die as a career.\nBut we’re far from there yet. Major newspapers are still hampered by the awful paradox of print operations that are too expensive to run indefinitely but too lucrative in ad revenue to ditch immediately. These papers will continue to suffer and many people will lose their jobs. Some of these people will go to work for smaller, digital-focused operations in niche areas. Some will go to content factories such as Gawker or the Daily Mail. Others will leave the field entirely and move into PR or copywriting. Eventually the larger newsrooms will become sustainable operations at a much reduced size and level of influence, but not all will die. As alternative revenue sources pick up in strength (conferences, events, education), these sources might subsidise growth once again and we’ll see a continuation of the kind of quality, high-investment journalism that we’ve taken for granted for so long.\nUltimately, it’s as it ever was – journalism has always relied on subsidy, whether it’s from proprietors such as Rupert Murdoch (the Times hasn’t made money since god was a boy) or advertising, or both. The cleverest publications will combine ads, subscriptions and other commercial ventures to support their editorial operations. The most focused, most resilient and valuable news brands – the ones that prove to their readers that they’re worth it, will survive, and their brand of journalism will survive with them. The ones that don’t will die, and their brand of journalism will die with them. After all, this has always been a cut-throat business.\nnew media, print media\ndaily mail, fox, gawker, is journalism dead?, journalism, new media, newspapers, Rupert Murdoch, the guardian\n← Why ugly people shouldn’t bother with fashion…\nWhat newspapers are doing with video during US election season →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line767753"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9076696634292603,"wiki_prob":0.9076696634292603,"text":"EarlyJazz > Otis Spann\nOtis Spann was an American blues musician, whom many consider to be the leading postwar Chicago blues pianist.\nBy the age of 14, he was playing in bands in the Jackson area. He moved to Chicago in 1946, where he was mentored by Big Maceo Merriweather. Spann performed as a solo act and with the guitarist Morris Pejoe, working a regular spot at the Tic Toc Lounge. Spann became known for his distinctive piano style. He replaced Merriweather as Muddy Waters's piano player in late 1952 and participated in his first recording session with the band on September 24, 1953. He continued to record as a solo artist and session player with other musicians, including Bo Diddley and Howlin' Wolf, during his tenure with the group. He stayed with Waters until 1968.\nSpann's work for Chess Records includes the 1954 single \"It Must Have Been the Devil\" backed with \"Five Spot\", with B.B. King and Jody Williams on guitars. During his time at Chess he played on a few of Chuck Berry's early records, including the studio version of \"You Can't Catch Me\". In 1956, he recorded two unreleased tracks with Big Walter Horton and Robert Lockwood. He recorded a session with the guitarist Robert Lockwood, Jr. and vocalist St. Louis Jimmy in New York on August 23, 1960, which was issued on the albums Otis Spann Is the Blues and Walking the Blues. A 1963 session for Storyville Records was recorded in Copenhagen. He worked with Waters and Eric Clapton on recordings for Decca and with James Cotton for Prestige in 1964.\nThe Blues Is Where It's At, Spann's 1966 album for ABC-Bluesway, includes contributions from George \"Harmonica\" Smith, Waters, and Sammy Lawhorn. The Bottom of the Blues (1967), featuring Spann's wife, Lucille Spann (June 23, 1938 – August 2, 1994), was released by Bluesway. He worked on albums with Buddy Guy, Big Mama Thornton, Peter Green, and Fleetwood Mac in the late 1960s. In 2012, Silk City Records released Someday which featured live and studio performances from 1967 produced by the noted blues guitarist Son Lewis.\nOtis Spann transcriptions :\nOtis Blues\nOtis in the dark\nThis Is The Blues","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1328869"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.686150312423706,"wiki_prob":0.686150312423706,"text":"Everything you need to know about The RailYard in South End\nBy Jessica Swannie | Writer Charlotte Five\nPhoto by Jessica Swannie\nSpaces like the Design Center and Atherton Mill blend South End’s industrial past with a vision of the future, creating an epicenter for restaurants, retail and popular breweries serving Charlotte’s young professionals.\nThe RailYard, one of the most recent additions to the South End skyline at 1414 S. Tryon St., brings yet another distinct vision of architecture to the space, complemented by modern-day amenities and tastes.\nBeacon Partners, the commercial real estate development company behind the concept, worked with architecture firm The RBA Group to execute a modern design, while still paying homage to the district’s history. We captured a first look at the space and caught up with Christopher Allred, principal at The RBA Group, to learn about the idea behind the concept.\n[Related: Your guide to what’s coming to South End—from The Railyard to The Design Center]\nFusing history with innovation\nSouth End’s rich industrial history served as the blueprint for The RailYard project.\n“From the Rudisill Gold Mine to the 19th century mills that dotted the district, South End’s history and its importance to Charlotte’s development is well known,” Allred said. “Introducing a project of this scale to the district, we believed should speak to its history as well as its future.”\nThe RBA Group accomplished its vision by drawing on the brick vernacular of the mill buildings that once shaped South End and juxtaposing it with forward-thinking architecture to blend the new space with the current neighborhood fabric.\nOnce Beacon Partners decided to name the mixed-use space The RailYard, The RBA Group sought inspiration from the architecture of the turn-of-the-century rail yard houses, which were designed to create a pseudo-central plaza of rail beds. The RBA Group used this aesthetic to blend the retail facades and pedestrian patterns into the space. Look for a literal interpretation of the rail yard aesthetic in the trestle that creates the upper portion of the central connector between the two towers.\n“Our hope is that its sensitivity to the neighborhood, as well as how it addresses both the skyline and the pedestrian scale equally, influences future work in the district and helps preserve and strengthen the unique character of South End,” Allred said. “Understanding that valuable spaces are not only those that are leasable but also those that are good for the public realm ultimately pay long term dividends.”\nFor locals tired of the iconic beige that’s come to dominate Charlotte’s recent architectural changes, The RailYard will come as a welcome change.\n“One doesn’t have to look far to see the value in stepping away from the norm and the beige, and Charlotte is dotted with wonderful examples,” Allred said.\nReimagined offices\nThe RBA Group and Beacon Partners shared a vision for the office space, which would provide a unique environment for forward-thinking companies.\n“Our expertise in (what we call) ‘lifestyle design’ allows us to step away from the traditional corporate lobby and focus the layout and feel more toward that of a hub for the overall project,” Allred said. He continued by sharing that the space was deigned to feel “more familiar to current apartment trends and hotel lobbies that one might expect in a corporate environment.”\nThe office space is currently 100% leased to tenants including Allstate, Ernst & Young, Slalom and WeWork. Look for retail leases from North Italia (from the same restaurant group that just brought us Flower Child), Rhino Market & Deli, Orangetheory Fitness and more.\n[Related: Rhino Market is coming to South End, plus other updates on The RailYard mixed-use project]\nThe RBA Group sought to move the traditional open floor plan of an office in a new direction, eliminating “core areas” of the conventional creative workspace and designing a concept with unobstructed views of from one end of the office to another. It took into consideration today’s office trends, specifically those that offer workspace options outside of the traditional desk and chair (think: common areas with sofas, standing desks, communal tables, flex areas).\n“Understanding that these typical spaces would be part of the traditional office interior, we considered how the architecture might respond to provide these opportunities,” Allred said. “Sculpting the exterior building mass to create terraces, balconies and quiet corners, not commonly found in traditional office design, greatly expands the options for alternative workspace to include indoor/outdoor spaces that enjoy incredible views of the project plaza and the Charlotte skyline.”\nAllred cited the forward-thinking qualities of Beacon Partners’ Mike Harrell and Matt Lucarelli as the driving forces behind the innovative space.\n“Their willingness to step away from the typical full block office tower, and allowing the plaza to encroach into the build able area, as well as including a 30-foot door that opens the side of the lobby to the plaza, highlights their dedication to creating a special project,” Allred shared.\nTenants will enjoy a multitude of amenities designed to cater to young professionals. The Yard, a 15,000-square-foot urban courtyard that separates the north and south towers, provides space to relax, eat lunch or listen to music after work hours.\nRestaurants and retail will serve The Yard, which will act as a pre-function forecourt and connect to the parking deck.\nGrand Central, a large indoor lobby area connected to The Yard, creates almost a half-acre of furnished, open-air gathering space. An eye catching mural created by Osiris Rain serves as the focal point of the space.\nOnce completed, Grand Central will offer a gathering space for tenants.\nRustic wooden doors will open into a space that’s yet to be completed.\nTenants will also enjoy rooftop sky terraces with remarkable views of South End, Uptown and Dilworth, as well as a 2,500-square-foot state-of-the-art fitness center, indoor and outdoor bike storage, and floor-to-ceiling glass throughout the space.\nThe RailYard’s location played a key role in attracting tenants, given its proximity to the light rail and nearby restaurants, breweries and retail.\nCentro RailYard Apartments, a 91-unit, five-level micro-unit project, will wrap around the parking deck, providing modern amenities to renters in South End. Look for 400-square-foot studio apartments and 800-square-foot two-bedroom corner units with balconies. Centro Cityworks is behind the project, which is currently under construction and will be managed by Ascent Real Estate Partners. It’s slated to open in February 2020.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1170074"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6201900243759155,"wiki_prob":0.3798099756240845,"text":"Krushervision Art Industries\nThe official blog of the official site of TJ Rappel\nTag Archives: comics\nWhat Moebius taught me.\nApril 20, 2013 by krushervision\n(Original blog post March 10, 2012 – 227 views)\nSo it’s 1990, I’m 15 or 16. I’ve decided that I wanna be a comic book artist someday. I’m pretty good at drawing superheroes, I’ve learned a lot from the classic tome How To Draw Comics the Marvel Way. I’m getting the hang of anatomy, pencilling and inking, line weight, composition, stuff like that. By this age, I’ve gotten a taste of some of some of the more bold and stylish artists like Frank Miller and Bill Sienkiewicz, and my mind is open to new things. I just got the latest issue of a magazine about comics, I think it was called Comics Scene or something like that. Then I open it up, and the first thing I see, printed full-page, is this:\nAnd then my head exploded.\nWhat the hell IS this, I thought? Who drew it? Why is Iron Man so…organic? Asymmetrical? Why is his costume not quite right, kind of ugly, and yet I can’t stop looking at it?\nThe magazine quickly told me that the French artist Moebius was about to release a new series of posters of Marvel superheroes. Up until then, I was only vaguely aware of the name. I knew he had a series of large-format graphic novel collections put out by Epic/Marvel. But, considering that I couldn’t stop studying and staring at that image of Iron Man, Moebius was immediately and permanently stamped on my radar.\nAt the next opportunity, I picked up the first collection, Upon A Star. It was amazing.\nThe first thing that struck me was that his comic art, though stylistically similar to his paintings of the Marvel heroes, was much simpler. His linework was simple, but he could tell you so much with a minimum number of lines. There was detail, but not too much; you could fill in the blanks effortlessly yourself just based on what little information he gave you. If he drew a scene of a vast planetscape or an alien metropolis packed with organically-shaped skyscrapers, his line weight was almost uniform throughout, yet there was no question how near or far each object was to your eye.\nThe revelation: I finally understood what “less is more” meant, and realized that you don’t need to draw a lot of lines as long as you make each line mean something.\nOf course, over time I learned more about his past work with Metal Hurlant/Heavy Metal magazine, his work on films such as Tron, and when the two-issue Silver Surfer miniseries (drawn by Moebius and written by Stan Lee) came out, I was on top of it. Regrettably, I never got the rest of those now-long-out-of-print collections in the Epic series (jeebus, look at those used prices on Amazon), so I have not absorbed anywhere near as much of his work as I should have.\nThis morning, Moebius passed away in Paris. This is the second posthumous tribute to beloved artists I’ve made in a week. I should really make it a point to talk about my favorites more often, while they’re still with us.\nTagged art, comics, inspiration and influence, Moebius\nPerpetuating the suck\n(Original blog post July 21, 2011 – 512 views)\nIt’s been a while since my last blog post, and I got a rant! This is something that, as an artist, I get really irritated over on a number of different levels, and I’ve been wanting to bring it up. The time is now!\nHere we have some bad art instruction.\nFor years now, ever since anime hit it big in the U.S. — like the late ’90s-early 2000s, when it really started to air regularly on American television — I’ve been seeing English-language “how to draw manga” books all over. There are good ones, there are decent ones.\nAnd then there are these:\nIt…I…it…really?\nThis is a sad imitation of manga/anime art. To the casual observer, sure, it’s got a similar style, but it’s not right. It’s not even appealing to look at! Who would look at this and say, “YEAH, I gotta learn to draw THIS!”??\nLemme back up. I’m actually a big fan of anime and manga. Have been since the early ’90s. When the American anime licensing industry was in its infancy, I was there. Companies like AnimEigo, U.S. Renditions, and U.S. Manga Corps were releasing 30-minute subtitled VHS tapes of anime OAVs for about 30-40 bucks a pop, and my friends and I were buying them. And if a U.S. video company hadn’t yet licensed a show we wanted to see, we ordered Japanese laserdiscs from dodgy mail-order shops on the west coast, bought cheap bootlegged fan-subtitled tapes from dealers at comic and sci-fi conventions, or found tape traders who had blurry 10th-generation copies of a few episodes taped off Japanese TV, and we watched them in straight, untranslated Japanese over and over and over, late into the night. I’ve built my share of plastic Gundam model kits, too.\nSo naturally, anime and manga have had an influence on my art, just like classic cartoons, comics, and other artists have. Although you may not see it immediately, I actually borrow quite liberally from anime and manga (yes, even hentai and doujinshi) when I’m coming up with ideas for poses and situations in my pinup girl art. Of course, in my more zealous anime fanboy days, I attempted to draw a few anime and manga characters, and I thought I did fairly well at it; however, you could always tell that it wasn’t drawn by a Japanese artist who was immersed in manga techniques. I tried to view my art objectively and it always had some sort of details or nuances that gave it away. I just couldn’t nail the style perfectly. It’s not easy.\nMy concern is that these books are teaching something the wrong way. I don’t see a lot of other types of instructional art books authored by artists who aren’t good at what they’re trying to teach. There aren’t books on anatomy that have the muscles placed in the wrong positions. There aren’t books telling you to thin your watercolors with turpentine. But there are lots of books showing how to draw hideous versions of comics, cartoons, and manga.\nI guess it gets under my skin for two reasons: One, because a type of art that I appreciate is being misrepresented. And two, if you suck at it, you have no business teaching others how to do it, thereby perpetuating the suck. Now we’re gonna have kids drawing ugly skinny characters with big eyes and pointy chins and calling it “manga.”\nFor the love of Shenlong, if you’re gonna try to learn to draw manga, at least refer to the How to Draw Manga series from Graphic-Sha. It’s available in English, but it’s authored by Japanese manga artists and they’re the real deal. Just compare the above image to this one:\nFurthermore, study the work of an accomplished manga artist and designer. Since the examples I’ve been using have featured girls in battle armor, I’ll illustrate this point with the work of Masamune Shirow:\nEven a non-fan can see the difference. There’s an authenticity missing from the top image that makes me wonder who would want to take any advice that book has to offer.\nThe same goes for any comic or cartooning instruction. Go straight to the sources, like the classic How to Draw Comics the Marvel Way by John Buscema and Stan Lee, and Preston Blair’s Animation. Learn from those who originated it, not those who imitate it.\nTagged art, art education, bad art, comics, manga","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line917085"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.881928563117981,"wiki_prob":0.881928563117981,"text":"You are here: Parliament home page > Parliamentary business > Publications and Records > Hansard > Commons Debates > Daily Hansard - Debate\n1 Feb 2010 : Column 107\nPower to make consequential amendments\n16 (1) The Minister for the Civil Service may by order make such modifications of any enactment or subordinate legislation (whenever passed or made) as the Minister considers appropriate in consequence of any provision of a scheme made by the IPSA or the Minister for the Civil Service under this Part of this Schedule.\n(2) In sub-paragraph (1) the reference to subordinate legislation does not include a scheme made by the IPSA or the Minister for the Civil Service under this Part of this Schedule.\n(3) An order under this paragraph is to be made by statutory instrument.\n(4) A statutory instrument containing an order under this paragraph is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.\nInterpretation etc\n17 (1) A scheme made by the IPSA under paragraph 3 or 7 may amend or revoke any previous scheme made by the IPSA under that paragraph.\n(2) A scheme made by the Minister for the Civil Service under paragraph 11 may amend or revoke any previous scheme made by the Minister under that paragraph.\n(3) In this Part of this Schedule-\n\"the Fund\" means the Parliamentary Contributory Pension Fund;\n\"the IPSA\" means the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority;\n\"modifications\" includes additions, alterations and omissions (and related expressions are to be read accordingly);\n\"pension\" includes gratuity;\n\"subordinate legislation\" has the same meaning as in the Interpretation Act 1978.\nProvision which may be included in schemes\n18 (1) In this Part of this Schedule \"relevant service\"-\n(a) for the purposes of paragraph 9(1)(a), means service as a member of\nthe House of Commons, and\n(b) for the purposes of paragraph 12(1)(a), means service to which\nparagraph 11 applies.\n(2) Expressions defined in relation to Part 1 of this Schedule have the same meaning in this Part of this Schedule as in that Part.\n19 Provision authorising or requiring contributions and other sums to be paid into the Fund by or on behalf of persons in relevant service, including provision for those contributions and sums to be paid-\n(a) by deductions from salary;\n(b) in the case of a person who does not draw a salary, out of money provided by Parliament.\nConditions etc\n20 Provision as to-\n(a) the circumstances in which there is to be entitlement to a pension payable out of the Fund;\n(b) the conditions of any such entitlement;\n(c) the persons to or for the benefit of whom such a pension is payable;\n(d) the calculation of the amount of any such pension;\n(e) the payment or commutation of any such pension.\nPensions not paid out of Fund\n21 (1) Provision for the application of assets of the Fund in or towards the provision of pensions to be paid otherwise than out of the Fund.\n(2) In connection with such provision, provision for the payment into the Fund out of money provided by Parliament of sums in addition to those paid into the Fund under paragraph 5.\nTransfer values\n22 (1) Provision for the payment and receipt of transfer values by the trustees of the Fund (including provision for the payment of such values into the Consolidated Fund).\n(2) Provision for the transfer and receipt by the trustees of the Fund of funds or policies of insurance in lieu of transfer values.\n23 Provision authorising service other than relevant service to be taken into account, in addition to relevant service, for the purposes of any provision of the scheme.\n24 (1) Provision as to the circumstances and manner in which amounts equal to some or all of the contributions and other sums paid by or on behalf of a person into the Fund may be repaid or paid to that person.\n(2) Provision as to the circumstances and manner in which any such amounts are to be paid out of the Consolidated Fund in respect of transfer values paid into that Fund.\n(3) Provision under sub-paragraph (1) or (2) may include provision as to whether any repayment or payment made under that provision is to be made with or without interest.\nAssignment etc.\n25 Provision rendering void-\n(a) any assignment (or, in Scotland, assignation) of a pension which is payable or may become payable out of the Fund;\n(b) any charge on such a pension;\n(c) any agreement to assign or charge such a pension.\n26 Provision conferring functions under the scheme on persons specified in or determined under the scheme.\n27 Provision making the approval, satisfaction or opinion of persons on whom functions are conferred by or under the scheme material for the purposes of any provision of the scheme.\nPayments without probate\n28 Provision authorising (in relation to such cases, circumstances or persons as may be specified in or determined under the scheme) any sum due to be paid out of the Fund in respect of a person who has died to be paid without probate or other proof of title.\nApplication of other provisions\n29 Provision which (with or without modifications) applies in relation to a pension payable out of the Fund so much of any enactment or subordinate legislation (whenever passed or made) as relates to another pension, being a pension payable out of money provided by Parliament.\nAmendments, transitional provision etc\nPensions (Increase) Act 1971 (c. 56)\n30 (1) Part 1 of Schedule 2 is amended as follows.\n(2) For paragraph 3A substitute-\n\"3A A pension which, under a scheme under paragraph 7 or 11 of Schedule [Parliamentary and other pensions] to the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010, is payable out of the Parliamentary Contributory Pension Fund.\"\n(3) In paragraph 3B for \"an order\" substitute \"a scheme\".\nParliamentary and other Pensions Act 1972 (c. 48)\n31 (1) Section 27 (pensions for dependants of Prime Minister or Speaker) is amended as follows.\n(2) In subsection (1)-\n(a) in paragraph (a) for the words from \"in respect\" to the end substitute \"under a scheme made by the Minister for the Civil Service under paragraph 11 of Schedule [ Parliamentary and other pensions] to the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010 to receive a pension payable out of the Parliamentary Contributory Pension Fund in respect of service to which that paragraph applies\", and\n(b) in paragraph (c) for \"Treasury\" substitute \"Minister for the Civil Service\".\n(a) for \"the Parliamentary pension scheme\" substitute \"a scheme made by the Minister for the Civil Service under paragraph 11 of Schedule [ Parliamentary and other pensions] to the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010\",\n(b) in paragraph (a) for \"as a Member of the House of Commons\"\nsubstitute \"to which that paragraph applies\", and\n(c) in paragraph (b), for \"Leader of the House of Commons\" substitute \"Minister for the Civil Service\".\n(4) In subsection (5), omit from \"\"the Leader\" to the end.\n32 (1) The amendments made by paragraph 31 do not apply in relation to a person who, having held office as Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury or Speaker of the House of Commons, died before that paragraph comes into force.\n(2) In relation to such a person section 27 of the Parliamentary and other Pensions Act 1972, and the provisions designated under that section, have effect as if this Act had not been passed.\nEuropean Parliament (Pay and Pensions) Act 1979 (c. 50)\n33 (1) Section 4 (pensions) is amended as follows.\n(a) for \"Leader of the House of Commons may by order make\" substitute \"IPSA may make a scheme containing\", and\n(b) for \"by the order\" substitute \"in the scheme\".\n(a) for \"orders\" substitute \"a scheme\", and\n(b) for \"order\" substitute \"scheme\".\n(a) for \"an order\" substitute \"a scheme\", and\n(b) in paragraphs (d) and (g) for \"order\" substitute \"scheme\".\n(5) In subsection (3A), for \"An order\" substitute \"A scheme\".\n(6) For subsection (4) substitute-\n\"(4) Before making a scheme under this section the IPSA must consult-\n(a) the Treasury,\n(b) the Minister for the Civil Service,\n(c) persons it considers to represent those likely to be affected by the scheme,\n(d) the Government Actuary, and\n(e) any other person it considers appropriate.\n(4A) The IPSA must send to the Speaker of the House of Commons for laying before both Houses of Parliament-\n(a) any scheme made by it under this section, and\n(b) a statement of the reasons for making the scheme.\n(4B) When the scheme and the statement of reasons have been laid, the IPSA must publish them in a way it considers appropriate.\"\n\"(5) The IPSA must from time to time prepare a report on the operation of any provisions in force under this section, and send it to the Speaker of the House of Commons for laying before both Houses of Parliament.\"\n(8) After subsection (7) insert-\n\"(8) A scheme made by the IPSA under this section may amend or revoke any previous scheme made by the IPSA under this section.\"\n34 (1) Section 6 (block transfer into another pension scheme) is amended as follows.\n(a) for \"Leader of the House of Commons may by order\" substitute \"IPSA may, with the consent of the Treasury and the Minister for the Civil Service\", and\n(b) for \"the order\" substitute \"the direction\".\n(a) for \"making an order\" substitute \"giving a direction\",\n(b) for \"Leader of the House of Commons\" substitute \"IPSA\",\n(c) for \"he\" (in both places) substitute \"it\",\n(d) for \"make such an order\" substitute \"give such a direction\", and\n(e) for \"the order\" substitute \"the direction\".\n(4) In subsection (4), in the definition of \"the relevant pension provisions\"-\n(a) for \"an order\" substitute \"a direction\",\n(b) for \"orders\" substitute \"a scheme\", and\n(c) for \"order is made\" substitute \"direction is given\".\n35 (1) Section 7 (expenses and receipts) is amended as follows.\n(2) In subsection (1)(c) (expenses and receipts)-\n(a) for \"any order\" substitute \"a scheme\", and\n(b) omit the words from \"or of any\" to the end.\n(3) In subsection (1)(d) for \"an order\" substitute \"a direction\".\n36 (1) Section 8 is amended as follows.\n(2) In subsection (1) (interpretation)-\n(a) after the definition of \"electoral region\" insert-\n\"the IPSA\" means the Independent Parliamentary Standards\nAuthority;\", and\n(b) omit the definition of \"the Leader of the House of Commons\".\n(3) Omit subsection (2).\nHouse of Commons Members' Fund and Parliamentary Pensions Act 1981 (c. 7)\n37 In section 1 (entitlement to payments out of House of Commons Members' Fund)-\n(a) in subsection (5)(b) for \"paragraph (b), (c) or (d) of section 2(2) of the Parliamentary and other Pensions Act 1987\" substitute \"subsection (5A)\", and\n(b) after subsection (5) insert-\n\"(5A)\nThe offices are-\n(a) the offices mentioned in paragraph 11(2)(a), (b), (d) or (e) of Schedule [ Parliamentary and other pensions] to the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010;\n(b) the offices of Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means.\"\n38 Omit-\n(a) section 1,\n(b) section 2(1) to (8) and (10),\n(c) section 3, and\n(d) Schedule 1.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line713982"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6934087872505188,"wiki_prob":0.3065912127494812,"text":"purpose of land reclamation\nEnvironmental Resources Worksheet ENV/100 Version 2 3 Badly eroded land can be reclaimed by (1) preventing further erosion and (2) restoring soil fertility. The managed aquifer recharge systems in the coastal dunes of the Netherlands are a good example of successful subsurface water storage. Growing international criticism of China’s land reclamation in the South China Sea and the publication of detailed images of China’s dredging and construction activities prompted the Chinese government to explain in greater detail than ever before the purpose of these activities. 2. For everyone’s understanding, we can define the technique as a method to make land friendlier for people and economic activities. K.A.R. CEDA’s Working Group on Beneficial Use aims to inspire sediment stakeholders and practitioners by describing the importance of sediments in the context of sustainable development and sharing a curated selection of case studies. (1998d). Multi-purpose solutions Landfill reclamation is a relatively new approach used to expand municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill capacity and avoid the high cost of acquiring addi-tional land. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground or land fill . Reclamation definition is - the act or process of reclaiming: such as. Detour Lake is an open-pit gold mine on the Quebec border, 185 kilometres by road northeast of Cochrane. The First Backbay Reclamation Scheme. The primary aim for the new land is to serve as container terminals. Previously, Stéphanie was involved in marine and environmental projects for more than 15 years with DHI and her education is in civil engineering and business administration. The authority involved must conduct a cost-benefit analysis as well as environmental impact assessment of the project. Reclamation of oil and natural gas production sites actually starts even before a … The International Association of Ports and Harbors’s Patrick Verhoeven discusses the major topics facing the world’s ports as they prepare for the future as well as ways ports can adapt to the ever-growing scale increase of ships. At present too little use is made of the opportunities that the design and construction of land reclamation offer for the underground storage and recovery of fresh water. Land reclamation is the process of creating new land from the sea. Beginning with the third person to take over the direction of Reclamation in 1923, David W. Davis, the title was changed from Director to Commissioner . In many cases, it means removing harmful elements from the ecosystems, making the place more suitable for crops or other species that might populate it.Although many people might think of it as over-industrialization, land reclamation is a way to combat the harmful effects humanity had on land. Reclamation is also used for beach replenishment and shore and dune replacements as well as to restore islands, for instances, in the Maldives, that have been ravaged by storms and erosion. The second method is by draining wetlands mechanically. The company went bankrupt and was liquidated. The first Backbay Reclamation Company was formed during the boom years of the early 1860's, with the stated purpose of reclaiming the whole of Backbay, from the tip of Malabar Hill to the end of Colaba.When the American Civil War ended in 1865, a depression set in and land prices fell. The purpose of reclamation is to build up an area of land to a more productive state. The reclamation … Land reclamation is one of the main areas of interest for the dredging industry. Seminar on Dredging and Reclamation (Delft), Seminar on Dredging and Reclamation (Singapore), Online Course ‘Dredging for Sustainable Infrastructure’, Underwater Placement in Bulk of Fill Material, Bio-Engineering Sediment Management And Removal of Turbidity Technologies: BESMART Technologies, Interview: Stéphanie Groen, Director of Coastal & Climate Change in Asia for Aurecon in Singapore, Land reclamation: The potential for subsurface freshwater storage, Sustainable management of the beneficial use of sediments: a case studies review, Numerical investigation of the head and unsteady flow characteristics of a dredge pump loading high-concentration sands. For the first time, China’s Foreign Ministry has explained in detail the purpose and rationale for large-scale land reclamation activities taking place in disputed areas of the South China Sea. Any building or infrastructure on that land can be collapse easily. The lands which are waterlogged and saline are also termed as wastelands. The other method is by land dredging whereby sediments plus debris are eliminated from the bottom of a water body. Population increase will lead to demand for more housing units, a bigger seaport, and agricultural land. It's a 660 hectare reclaimed piece of land. The purpose of reclaiming soil is to prevent further erosion. Natural factors such as floods and storms make it necessary to perform reclamation acts to mitigate them. Applicability. The Netherlands have other lands with almost 17% (2,700 square miles) of the country reclaimed from the lakes, sea or swamps. Land Reclamation Projects Using Tires You must register with the TCEQ if you use tire pieces to fill, improve, or reclaim already excavated or disturbed land for the purpose of restoring the land to its approximate natural grade. Machines are used to pump out water from marshes and the land reclaimed is enclosed by dikes. Sometimes it is also done in areas like rivers and lakes.Usually, there is a natural process which fills such areas with sand, dirt and other materials. These technologies may unambiguously be called nature based because they make use of natural processes to enhance dewatering and strengthening, induce flocculation and the settling of fines, and protect the muddy bed from erosion. In the first sense, it involves modifying wetlands or waterways to convert them into usable land, usually for the purpose of development. Reclaiming in Perth, Australia 1964. It can also be a process in which damaged land is restored to its natural state. The purpose of the program is to ensure any land disturbed for mining purposes, other than coal and gas, is reclaimed. Land reclamation prepares the land for development. 429.3 What types of uses are subject to the requirements and processes established And it is to be expected that the sandy deposits of land reclamations could serve a similar purpose. The managed aquifer recharge systems in the coastal dunes of the Netherlands are a good example of successful subsurface water storage. The ambitious land reclamation project off the coast of Jakarta - involving the development of 17 artificial islands - was initiated by the local Jakarta city administration with the aim to relieve severe population density in the capital city of Jakarta. Land reclamation is used in general to describe the process of making lands suitable for more intensive use by such means as cultivation, drainage, revegetation, irrigation, chemical or physical modification, or the like. Land reclamation can occur by either the process of poldering or by raising the level of a seabed or a low lying field. Ideally, it is a process of creating the best possible minesoil for trees and establishing a community of plant species that will develop, without further human intervention, into a healthy forest ecosystem. Wastelands are lands which are unproductive, unfit for cultivation, grazing and other economic uses due to rough terrain and eroded soils. Land reclamation refers to the process of creating or restoring new land from waterlogged areas, lakebeds or oceans. I - The Necessity for Development of Land Reclamation - V.V. One way to prevent further erosion is by seeding bare ground with terrestrial plants that will eventually cover the soil making it more stable and holding the soil in place. August 05, 2014 China … How to use reclamation in a sentence. This D&S applies to Reclamation staff responsible for the management of Federal lands withdrawn from the public land system as required for Reclamation project purposes. Reclamation commissioners that have had a strong impact and molding of the Bureau have included Elwood Mead, Michael W. Straus, and Floyd Dominy, with the latter two being public-power boosters who ran the Bureau during its heyday.Mead guided the bureau during the development, planning, and construction of the Hoover Dam, the United States' first multiple-purpose dam. The process involves pumping out water from swampy muddy places or raising the elevation of the ocean bed by different processes. UNESCO – EOLSS SAMPLE CHAPTERS AGRICULTURAL LAND IMPROVEMENT:AMELIORATION AND RECLAMATION – Vol. reclamation techniques, so that currently unsuitable urban land that is low−lying and subject to inundation, or on hillsides subject to storm−induced landslides, may be converted into safe land that can be used for low−income human settlements or for industry and commerce. Land reclamation has played a significant role in the urban development process in the coastal areas of many maritime countries. Reclamation Land Use. Population increase will lead to demand for more housing units, a bigger seaport, and agricultural land. This will include identifying suitable fill at a borrow area, selecting the appropriate equipment, executing extensive site investigations and collecting hydrographic data. These include earth moving machines, such as bulldozers, hydraulic excavators and loaders, and equipment for the consolidation of the new land, for instance to install vertical drainage. Whatever method is used to reclaimed land, it is usually part of a comprehensive project such as the construction or expansion of a port, of an airport, or of residential or commercial complexes. Land reclamation, the process of improving lands to make them suitable for a more intensive use. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, Largest Empires In Human History By Land Area, The Causes And Effects Of Ocean Pollution. The head of a dredge pump is an important performance parameter and a strongly fluctuating head may affect the operating stability of the pump unit. Then, in 1907, the Secretary of the Interior separated the Reclamation Service from the USGS and created an independent bureau within the Department of the Interior. The details on land reclamation on slurry-like soil using sand spreading method can be found in Bo et al. This in turn will contribute to a sustainable development of land reclamations. The process is useful in that it has assisted restore islands like in the Maldives or to create artificial islands. What is the purpose of soil reclamation? It can be lakes or oceans. In the first sense, it involves modifying wetlands or waterways to convert them into usable land, usually for the purpose of development. The island was reclaimed in 1955 when the eastern region was drained and in 1968 when the southern region was reclaimed. However, the impact of land reclamation on soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry, microbial quantity, and enzyme activities has been rarely studied. Shabanov ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) ¾ For normal operation of a system of complex regulation, the stochastic ADVERTISEMENTS: Wasteland Reclamation: Classification and Reclamation of Wasteland! Land reclamation demands extensive and elaborate planning. The reclaimed ground is filled with sand, soil or other materials depending on the intended use. Land-based equipment. Land reclamation is one of the main areas of interest for the dredging industry. It provides a new area for development. The lands which are waterlogged and saline are also termed as wastelands. Leadership. Land reclamation, as a measure of increasing cultivated land area, is being popularized in China in the past decades. What is the purpose of land reclamation? Use authorizations are not required for permitted public recreational use of recreation areas and facilities open to … The purpose of the Tom Peters Memorial Mine Reclamation Award is to encourage the pursuit of excellence in mine reclamation and to recognize and promote, to the mining industry and the environmental community at large, outstanding achievement in the practice of mine reclamation … Reclamation Land Use. Natural factors such as floods and storms make it necessary to perform reclamation acts to mitigate them. Land acquired through reclamation process is sometimes not safe in regions prone to earthquake. Land reclamation is the recovery of land from wetlands or other water bodies, and the restoration of productivity or use of lands that have been degraded by human activity or impaired by natural phenomena. You can reclaim land by first preventing further erosion and second by restoring the soil fertility. The details on land reclamation on slurry-like soil using sand spreading method can be found in Bo et al. The term “land reclamation” is used to describe two different activities. Land reclamation method depends on factors such as types of equipment available, type of coastal soil or sand, the topography of the ocean bed or even intended use of the reclaimed land. Reclamation costs are often offset by the sale or use of recovered materials, such as recyclables, soil, and waste, which can be burned as fuel. Artificial islands have also been built with reclaimed fill as environmental compensation measures for migratory birds and marine life. The goal of reclamation is make the land usable again for some purpose. It is where the Mall of Asia was built on. This paper was written by Marco Gatto, 2 November 2014. This is because such land is very susceptible to liquefaction. The Netherlands has the largest reclaimed island in the world known as Flevopolder in Flevoland. A 10-minute walk from the museum is Boat Quay, the site of the island’s very first land reclamation. Land reclamation can be achieved by poldering or by raising the elevation of a seabed or riverbed or low-lying land by: Pumping water out of muddy land or marshes is known as poldering. There are several land-reclamation techniques, ranging from dredging, where swathes of seabed are scooped up and stacked in huge piles, to more expensive but … Reclaiming: such as fill due to rough terrain and eroded soils slurry-like soil using sand spreading method be. Used in the past decades reclamation Plan and a reclamation Plan and reclamation... That it has assisted restore islands like in the coastal dunes of the bureau! 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I would like to receive the following emails: IADC respects your privacy under the general public is crucial the... An increased danger of flooding especially on land reclamation refers to the requirements and processes What. Hydraulic fill reclamation has played a significant role in the coastal areas of interest for the Preservation of ). Was built on vessel growth by themselves? ’, Does reclamation Pay reclamation within the Markermeer processes..., Japan, Monaco, France, America, and agricultural land due to soil compaction on or. Do the reclamation process is done, the new land from ocean or riverbeds reclamation by oil... And can also be used to reclaim land for agricultural use been.. Museum is Boat Quay, the site of the Young Author ’ very! Disturbed for mining purposes, other than coal and gas, is being popularized China! Second by restoring the soil fertility good example of successful subsurface water storage land industrial! 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With unwanted sediment jeopardize project facilities or use ‘ can ports face extreme vessel growth by themselves? ’ Does... Earth that is retrieved from land-based areas reclamation definition is - the Necessity for development land. Ocean or riverbeds are always below the level of the ocean bed by different processes 30 projects in Western.! Out water from swampy muddy places or raising the elevation of the surrounding mitigate. Processes such as location under the general mining laws when mining related activities could jeopardize project facilities use! “ land reclamation ” is used to pump out water from marshes which waterlogged! More housing units, a first of its coastal wetlands converted into the dry land as at 2006 is! Is also known as reclamation ground or land clearing cost-benefit analysis as well as environmental measures. The soil fertility be collapse easily uses are subject to the process of creating or restoring new land agricultural... Pump out water from marshes and the land reclaimed is enclosed by dikes sand transported over considerable to... As environmental impact assessment of the Netherlands are a good example of successful subsurface water storage 's 660... Crucial to the final outcome either the process of poldering or by the! Went into detail on the purpose of reclamation is aimed at increasing the amount of reclamation.\nHow Many Miles Can A Diesel Van Do, Carvewright Cx Review, Rosetti Purse With Built In Wallet, Stethoscope Parts And Functions, Cadbury Chocobakes Launch Date, Wilson Center Webinars, 2 Burner Forge, Dut Supply Chain Management Requirements, Elecwish Chair Parts, Leesa Hybrid Pillow, Newfoundland Mix Puppies For Sale Near Me, Ulundhu Kali Tamil, ,Sitemap\npurpose of land reclamation 2021","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line594776"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6239480972290039,"wiki_prob":0.6239480972290039,"text":"Letters to the Editor for July 23 – 30, 2008\nJuly 24, 2008 3:24 PM by FCNP.com\nOpposes Plan for F.C. Affordable Housing Project\nOn Monday, July 28, the Falls Church City Council will be voting on Special Exceptions to present city codes to allow for the construction of a seven story building which will have 174 affordable housing rental units on 1.24 acres almost opposite the proposed Harris Teeter supermarket in the center of Falls Church. Most will be one-bedroom units (150 – 82 for seniors) about 600sq feet in size, and the ground floor will have support facilities for Homestretch and the FCHC.\nThe three zoning requests are to change the present land use from Commercial to Mixed Use, to exceed the present building height restrictions, and, even more significantly, to permit the building to have less than half of the required parking spaces for a building of this size. A total of 137 spaces are provided only, not the 297 required by present code for the building, even after allowing a reduction for mass transit use. This exception is not minor, but has long term implications for all businesses and dwellings in the area.\nMany City residents may not know about this proposal because of the name confusion between the new city center (CSS) and this building (CSSA) but they are completely different entities. In addition there has been almost no publicity about this building in this newspaper, or the Falls Church City website. There are no definite figures, but the expected annual cost to the city is expected to be over $1 million, the building has requested a property tax waiver (a large annual financial loss to the city) and the long-term capital costs to the City are not yet clear. There is a proposal for Atlantic Realty (CSS) to provide $3-4 million for the new building in exchange for omitting the 36 affordable housing units at present included in their development.\nI support additional affordable housing in the city, but recommend strongly against approving exceptions to code for this building now. The parking provisions are woefully inadequate, and this could not be easily changed later if the zoning exceptions are approved now.\nAnna Dworken\nEditorial Vs. GOP Inaction ‘Baseless’\nRegarding last week’s News-Press editorial, while everyone has the right to express their opinions, it may help the readers of this publication to separate fact from fiction in these two very controversial political discussions. (Illegal immigration and transportation funding)\nThe editorial’s statement “caused all Hispanic residents, legal or not, to move away from those aversive environments”is an obvious falsehood. Does the News-Press expect the readers to truly believe that every single person of Hispanic origin has fled the county? It’s simply a silly, biased statement that does not add to the author’s reputation. This type of inflammatory rhetorical hyperbole does not add to any reasonable discussion of these very serious issues.\nIt is ironic that City Council David Snyder of the NVTA is seeking scapegoats for the current transportation impasse. All he has to do is take an honest look at the NVTA’s documented record of mismanagement and poor decisions to discover that one of the chief engineers of the failure is the NVTA Board itself.\nThere is plenty of blame to go around for both major parties. However, making baseless accusations and seeking scapegoats isn’t a step in the right direction. As such, this editorial is a disservice to the newspapers’ readers.\nBud Miller\nAnti-Gay Letter Failed to Include Evidence, Itself\nIn the July 17-23, 2008 edition of your paper, Jeff Hilton’s letter-to-the-editor twice accused columnist Wayne Besen of not providing evidence to support comments he had made in previous columns. Then, Mr. Hilton asserts that children brought up by a same-sex couple are exposed to the hazards of “Domestic Violence, AIDS, hepatitis, decrease life expectancy.” Yet, Mr. Hilton doesn’t provide any evidence or facts to support this!\nI’m not saying Mr. Hilton’s assertions are wrong (nor am I defending Mr. Besen’s comments). I just found it interesting that Mr. Hilton insisted on evidence from an opposing viewpoint, but felt no obligation to defend his position likewise.\nRoger Wilson\nSlams Inaccurate, Indefensible Anti-Gay Letter\nIn his letter to the editor in the July 17-23 edition, Jeff Hilton seeks to perpetuate the inaccurate and historically indefensible notion that only fundamentalist, Biblically literalist evangelicals such as Dr. James Dobson or Rev. Donald Wildmon, believe in or practice Judeo-Christian values. In fact, Judaism and Christianity existed in the world for milennia before American evangelicalism developed in the seventeenth century, and American fundamentalism, in the twentieth.\nMost Christians who lived prior to these movements would most likely have seen these movements as divisive and overly simplistic forms of Christianity, if they saw them as Christian at all.\nMr. Hilton has a point regarding Mr. Besen’s characterization of Dr. Dobson as a liar or a charlatan, or of the American Family Association as a money sucking scam. Such language is unnecessary and inappropriate for serious discussion. At the same time, Mr. Hilton’s claim that Besen accuses Dobson of misusing the research of other scholars without proof suggests that he is a liar. The fact is, Dobson’s use of the writings of other researchers in ways that those researchers reject is well documented in the public domain and need not be recounted in Mr. Besen’s column. Mr. Hilton, if he were interested, could look up those accounts and read them for himself. In fact, Dr.\nCarol Gilligan’s criticism of Dobson’s use of her work is posted on Youtube and can be viewed without reading at all.\nThe unfortunate point is that Dr. Dobson, Rev. Wildmon, and Mr. Hilton would like the less than informed to believe that the “God” of “Judeo Chistian Values” is as obsessed with homosexuality as they are.\nRev. Dr. Michael Brenneis\nLetter Was Insensitive, Rude & Disgusting\nAs a long-time reader of this publication and a supporter of the freedom of the press, I am pleased that you continue to publish Jeff Hilton’s rants. However, I found the letter to the editor from Jeff Hilton in the July 17, 2008 issue of the Falls Church News-Press overly rude, insensitive, and disgusting. Hilton’s letter was an ill-thought-out attack on Wayne Besen and the homosexual community in general. Since I’m quite sure that Hilton’s views do not represent those of the News-Press, and that he knows less about what he’s talking about than your average religious fanatic, I wasn’t offended as I could have been.\nHilton’s letter had numerous factual flaws, and ironically cited no sources and showed no evidence whatsoever, which was the reason he was bashing the respectable columnist Wayne Besen. Hilton claims that “Love Won Out,” one of many homophobia-inspired “ministries” aimed at what could be described as “Praying the gay out of people” is effective at what it tries to do. According to the American Psychological Association, attempts to change people’s sexual orientation often lead to “depression, anxiety, and self-destructive behavior.” Wayne Besen’s very own progressive organization Truth Wins Out (www.Truthwinsout.org) has brought forth to the public many facts about these misleading organizations, including that many of the founders who claim to have changed their sexuality are often found “not living their lives as they has advertised.” Furthermore, there is absolutely no credible scientific evidence in the history of the world that sexual orientation can be changed, as a recent study found that a person’s sexual orientation is determined early in life as a result of their genetic pattern and environmental factors. Sexual orientation is like your skin or eye color. It is not a mentality, and it cannot be changed.\nHilton makes a fallacious statement that once marriage is no longer defined as the union between a man and a woman, there will be nobody to say that group marriage and polygamy are wrong. This logic is as ludicrous as saying that adding a “left turn on red” will immediately lead to the abolition of all traffic laws. There is no movement to legalize polygamy, and even once gay and lesbian marriages are legalized by the constitution, the massive religious right groups that oppose them today will still exist, and as long as they do, they will make sure polygamy is not legalized, while oppressing gay people all the while.\nKeith Boylan","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1599229"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5047749876976013,"wiki_prob":0.4952250123023987,"text":"“Die Reichskanzlei”- von Adolf Hitler\n(The Reich Chancellery – essay by Adolf Hitler)\nWhen, after the re-establishment of the Reich, Bismarck determined to purchase the Palace Radziwill, later to become the Reich Chancellery, he himself retained his office in the Foreign Office building. The proximity of this building to the Foreign Ministry was, in all likelihood, the reason for the purchase of this particular object. The structure afforded virtually no actual space. Dating from the first half of the 18th century, it had initially served as an ancient seat for nobility. Its facade was well preserved. Inside, repeated attempts at modernization had disfigured the building. The end of the 19th century witnessed further such embellishments and degraded the palace by bestowing on it a heavy-handed elegance. Bombastic plaster was to hide the deficit of real material and thereby, unfortunately, glossed over its well-balanced proportions.\nEven the hall in which once the Congress of Berlin63 convened was not spared like “improvements.” Apparently, weak lighting along the walls and gigantic chandeliers of tin were then regarded as especially attractive. As concerns paintings in the house, these were mainly amateur copies of originals on loan from Prussian collectors. With the single exception of a portrait of Bismarck by Lenbach, the portraits of former chancellors were devoid of any artistic merit.\nThe Chancellery gardens were ill-tended and began to be overgrown by weeds. A superstitious fear of replacing old and dying trees led first to covering increasing numbers of their moldy trunks with shingles and then to filling them with cement. Had this process been allowed to continue, the park would undoubtedly have begun to resemble the Houthulster Wald64 after three years of bombardment by the English.\nWhile Chancellors before 1918 strove to make more or less tasteful improvements, the condition of the house began to deteriorate steadily after the Revolution of 1918. When I determined to move into the Chancellery nonetheless in 1934, the roof was practically rotting away above us while the floors beneath us were engaged in similar activities. The police restricted access to the hall in which congresses and diplomatic receptions were held to a total of sixty persons at one time, for fear the floor might give way. A few months before this, on the occasion of a reception held by Reich President von Hindenburg, approximately 100 guests and servants had crowded one hall. As we began to tear out the floors, we came across beams which remained little more than brittle sticks disintegrating as we rubbed them between our palms.\nDuring rain storms, water penetrated the building, not only from above, but from below as well. From the Wilhelmstrasse, a veritable flood spilt over into the first-floor compartments. Its flow was augmented by a back-up in the drainage throughout the house, including the toilets. As my predecessors could rarely count on remaining in office for more than three, four, or five months, they had neither motivation to clear away the dirt of those before them nor to improve conditions for those to succeed them. As the world took little notice of them in the first place, they were not generally troubled with appearances before foreign representatives.\nBy 1934, the entire structure exuded decay: ceilings and floors were giving way while wall and floor paneling was rotted out. An unbearable stench pervaded the house. Meanwhile, the new office space created for the Chancellery along the Wilhelmsplatz took on the appearance of a storage house or station for the municipal firefighters. Its interior suggested a sanatorium for those with lung disease, although this was not primarily the disease that those laboring inside were in fact suffering from. In an effort to restore the structure as far as possible, I decided to undertake a general renovation project in 1934. The expenses incurred were not to be assumed by the state, as I myself provided the financial means necessary.\nProfessor Troost himself was still able to draw up the blueprints for this project. His goals were:\n1. to reassign living space as well as space for receptions to the lower floors of the building, and\n2. to furnish the second floor for the practical exigencies of running a Reich Chancellery.\nMy office as Reich Chancellor up to this point had been located in a room facing the Wilhelmsplatz. Its size and interior decorating made it more appropriate to house a general salesman for cigarettes and tobacco in the office of a medium-sized enterprise. It was virtually impossible to work in this office: with the windows closed, the heat suffocated anyone inside; with the windows open, there was the noise rising up from the streets.\nThe upper floors had customarily been reserved for official receptions by the respective chancellors. In the days of the renovation of the Reich President’s Palace, the old Reich President had held various receptions there, too. This, however, meant that these rooms were not in use throughout most of the year and stood empty. This was the reason behind my relocating the reception rooms to the lower floors and remodeling the upper floors vacated thereby, to accommodate offices. The hall for Congresses, vacant throughout most of the year also and without any practical application, became the meeting room for Cabinet sessions.\nSince there was no room of sufficient size to accommodate the large-scale receptions I had to give for diplomatic reasons as head of state, I instructed the architect Professor Gall to build a large hall to hold approximately 200 persons. At this point, it appeared as though the remodeling of the lower floor would suffice for this purpose. In the course of 1934, however, the merging of the offices of Reich Chancellor and Reich President necessitated rooms to house the presidential office and staff and provide space for the Wehrmacht secretariat within the building. Also, official receptions required an appropriate setting. The realization of these necessities led to the purchase of the Borsig Palace. Admittedly built in a style not looked on favorably in our age, its interior surpassed that of the miserable Chancellery building by far. Professor Speer was entrusted with the first remodeling of the Chancellery. Within a markedly short time and without altering the facade, the structure built by the architect Lucae was connected to the factorybuilding on the Wilhelmstrasse, and its interior design splendidly developed.\nAt least for the time being, it provided the presidential office, the Wehrmacht staff, and the SA leaders with office space. Under the guidance of Party Comrade Bouhler, the Council of the Party was accorded a few rooms, too.\nThe former office building of the Reich Chancellery was adorned with a balcony facing the Wilhelmstrasse. This was the first decent architectural element within the structure. Further building onto the existing structures, while providing temporary relief, did not represent a solution of the housing problem. Two further considerations were instrumental in bringing about my decision of January 1938 to seek an immediate solution.\n1. In an effort to facilitate traffic flowing through the city from East to West, a lengthening of the Jagerstrasse had been determined on, to lead it through the Ministerial Gardens and the Zoo and thereby connect it to the Tiergartenstrasse. The Municipal Berlin Building Inspectorate of that time had drawn up these plans, which in my eyes did not represent a solution of the problem. Therefore I asked Professor Speer to come up with a more reasoned plan to relieve traffic flow along the Leipziger Strasse and the avenue Unter den Linden by securing a direct passage to the West of the Wilhelmsplatz. To this end it was necessary to transform the narrow passage along the Voss Strasse into a wide transit route. Since obviously this could not be realized at the expense of the Wertheim Department Store and would have been attended by construction difficulties in the first place, an attempt had to be undertaken on the opposite side of the street. Hence the necessity arose independently to tear down the entire housing front and to rebuild later.\n2. Moreover, in the days of late December 1937 and early January 1938, I had determined to resolve the Austrian question and to erect a Greater German Reich. Hence the old Chancellery building could not possibly accommodate the additional administrative, as well as representative duties necessitated thereby. On January 11, 1938, I therefore instructed the General Building Inspector Professor Speer to undertake the construction of a new Chancellery building located in the Voss Strasse. The structure was to be completed by a January 10, 1939 deadline. On this day, I was to receive the keys for the building. While in fact we concerned ourselves with this topic mentally in a series of consultations, the physical nature of the task was an immense one. For on January 11, 1938, the construction of the new building could not even begin as the old houses along the Voss Strasse had to be torn down first. Therefore, actual construction work could not be started before late March at the earliest. This left a term of nine months at our disposal to carry out the project. That this was indeed feasible we owe to this genius of an architect, his artistic inspiration, and his enormous organizational talents, as well as to the enterprise of those assisting him. The Berlin worker has outdone himself in his performance at this site. I do not think that a similar task, purely in regard to the labor involved, could have been carried out anywhere else in the world. I need not expand on the fact that naturally everything possible was undertaken to insure the social welfare of those involved in this construction project. In light of the winter temperatures, the severe frosts, the completion of this building is conceivable only-as emphasized earlier-if one considers the enormous ability to perform demonstrated by the Berlin worker.\nThe blueprint for this project is of a clear and generous nature and easily understood if one considers the structure’s purpose and the space at the architect’s disposal. The solution found in the gigantic, long structure along the Voss Strasse was dictated by the circumstances, as well as artistically ingenious. The sequence of rooms inside not only satisfies practical exigencies, it has also a truly magnificent effect on the onlooker. The interior decoration is truly excellent, thanks to the combined talents of interior decorators, sculptors, painters, etc., involved in the project. This applies also to the achievements of German craftsmanship here. The landscaping in the park is complete with the exception of one section which still serves as a construction site. The short period of construction has not yet allowed the banquet room at the end of the great hall to become apparent in its full size and stature. This room, therefore, is a makeshift, so that the structure can be used. The banquet room will only be complete in two years.\nThis Reich Chancellery building-this edifice that, by the way, will serve a different purpose from the year 1950 on-represents a practical and no-less artistic achievement of the highest order. It speaks for its ingenious designer and architect: Albert Speer.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line174113"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5182744860649109,"wiki_prob":0.5182744860649109,"text":"The Northern Ireland Planning Statistics: Second Quarter 2021/22 Statistical Bulletin, has been published today\nPlanning statistics\nProvisional planning statistics for the second quarter of 2021/22 are now available.\nThese data provide an overall view of planning activity. Alongside this there is a summary of council performance across the three statutory targets for major development applications, local development applications and enforcement cases as laid out in the Local Government (Performance Indicators and Standards) Order (Northern Ireland) 2015.\nThe publication is available on the Department for Infrastructure website.\nThe key points from the Northern Ireland Planning Statistics: Second Quarter 2021/22 Statistical Bulletin are:\nPlanning activity and processing performance in 2020/21 and the first half of 2021/22 were impacted by the restrictions put in place due to the coronavirus pandemic. This should be borne in mind and caution should be taken when interpreting these figures and when making comparisons with other time periods.\nThere were 3,344 planning applications received during the second quarter of 2021/22; a decrease of nearly sixteen percent on the previous quarter but up by over two percent on the same period a year earlier. This comprised 3,305 local and 39 major applications.\nIn the second quarter of 2021/22, 3,257 planning applications were decided upon; down by nearly six percent over the quarter but up by over one-third from the same period a year earlier. Decisions were issued on 3,229 local and 28 major applications during the most recent quarter.\nThe average processing time for local applications brought to a decision or withdrawal during the first six months of 2021/22 was 16.0 weeks across all councils. This exceeds the 15 week target and represents a decrease of 2.4 weeks from the same period a year earlier. Four of the 11 councils were within the 15 week target after the first six months of 2021/22.\nThe average processing time for major applications brought to a decision or withdrawal during the first six months of 2021/22 was 56.4 weeks across all councils. This represents a decrease of 13.8 weeks compared with the same period a year earlier but is still considerably higher than the 30 week target.\nAcross councils over 72% of enforcement cases were concluded within 39 weeks during the first six months of 2021/22. This meets the statutory target of 70% and represents an increase from the rate reported for the same period in 2020/21 (69%). Individually, eight of the 11 councils were within target after the first six months of 2021/22.\nBackground to Northern Ireland Planning Statistics: Second Quarter 2021/22 Statistical Bulletin.\nThis is the latest in a regular series of statistical bulletins related to Development Management (Planning) functions. The Planning Act (Northern Ireland) 2011 sets out the legislative framework for development management and provides that, from 1 April 2015, councils now largely have responsibility for this planning function. This statistical bulletin reports on activity and performance for the second quarter of 2021/22 (1 July 2021 – 30 September 2021). Year-to-date processing performance for the full six month period (1 April 2021 – 30 September 2021) is also provided.\nA new classification hierarchy for planning applications came into effect on 1 April 2014 in advance of the transfer of planning functions to local government from 1 April 2015. The development categories are – major and local development applications, processed primarily by councils, and regionally significant development applications, processed within the Department for Infrastructure. Note that the ‘major development’ category is based on a completely different definition to the previous ‘major’ category so figures relating to this category should not be compared with those from earlier bulletins (i.e. pre-2014/15).\nThere are three legislative performance targets covered in the report related to the processing of local development decisions within an average of 15 weeks; major development decisions within an average of 30 weeks; and processing 70% of enforcement cases to target conclusion within 39 weeks.\nThe final records of all applications from 1 April 2021 – 30 September 2021 were transferred in October 2021 from a live database and inspected for consistency in coding before figures were prepared for publication. These figures are regarded as ‘provisional’ and will be subject to further scheduled revisions as further updates are made to records in the live database environment. Finalised annual figures for 2021/22 will be released in July 2022.\nQuarterly data are provided in more detailed accompanying data tables together with comparable data from the previous financial year, where possible.\nFollowing an independent assessment by the UK Statistics Authority, the NI Planning Statistics report received National Statistics accreditation in December 2020, demonstrating that it meets the highest standards of trustworthiness, quality and public value.\nElectronic copies of the bulletin, associated data tables and summary infographic are available free of charge from the Department for Infrastructure website.\nThis is a National Statistics publication and therefore follows the Code of Practice for Statistics.\nFor more information relating to this publication, including additional analysis, breakdowns of data, or alternative formats please contact:\nAnalysis, Statistics and Research Branch,\nRoom 4.13c,\nClarence Court,\n10 - 18 Adelaide Street,\nTown Parks\nBT2 8GB\nTelephone: (028) 9054 0390 (Text relay prefix 18001)\nE-mail: asrb@nisra.gov.uk\nWebsite: DfI Statistics and Research\nASRB advise customers to make contact through email or by telephone at this time.\nFor media enquiries please contact the DfI Press Office 028 9054 0007.\n£419,000 resurfacing schemes for Killagan Road, Ballymoney 27 January 2022\nMinister Mallon publishes report on the review of the implementation of the Planning Act (NI) 2011 27 January 2022\nMallon welcomes commencement of the advanced site works on the Enniskillen Southern Bypass scheme 26 January 2022\nMallon signals her intention to seek approval to extend the Concessionary Fares Scheme 26 January 2022","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line227627"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7268350720405579,"wiki_prob":0.7268350720405579,"text":"The Great Bridge: The Epic Story of the Building of the Brooklyn Bridge (Hardcover)\nBy David McCullough\nThe dramatic and enthralling story of the building of the Brooklyn Bridge, the world’s longest suspension bridge at the time, a tale of greed, corruption, and obstruction but also of optimism, heroism, and determination, told by master historian David McCullough.\nThis monumental book is the enthralling story of one of the greatest events in our nation’s history, during the Age of Optimism—a period when Americans were convinced in their hearts that all things were possible.\nIn the years around 1870, when the project was first undertaken, the concept of building an unprecedented bridge to span the East River between the great cities of Manhattan and Brooklyn required a vision and determination comparable to that which went into the building of the great cathedrals. Throughout the fourteen years of its construction, the odds against the successful completion of the bridge seemed staggering. Bodies were crushed and broken, lives lost, political empires fell, and surges of public emotion constantly threatened the project. But this is not merely the saga of an engineering miracle; it is a sweeping narrative of the social climate of the time and of the heroes and rascals who had a hand in either constructing or exploiting the surpassing enterprise.\nDavid McCullough has twice received the Pulitzer Prize, for Truman and John Adams, and twice received the National Book Award, for The Path Between the Seas and Mornings on Horseback. His other acclaimed books include The Johnstown Flood, The Great Bridge, Brave Companions, 1776, The Greater Journey, The American Spirit, The Wright Brothers, and The Pioneers. He is the recipient of numerous honors and awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian award. Visit DavidMcCullough.com.\n“The impact of the soaring structure upon the American imagination and American life has now been measured with sagacity and style by David McCullough. . . . The Great Bridge is a book so compelling and complete as to be a literary monument, one of the best books I have read in years. McCullough has written that sort of work which brings us to the human center of the past.”\n—Robert Kirsch, Los Angeles Times\n“The Great Bridge is a great book. . . . What David McCullough has written is a stupendous narrative about the building of the Brooklyn Bridge, with a cast of thousands (give or take 100), whose major characters come alive on the page as authentically, as creatively, as would their fictional counterparts if one had the imagination to dream up such a yarn. Once again, truth is not only stranger than fiction but a hell of a lot more entertaining. Get your hands on The Great Bridge. . . . This is the definitive book on the event. Do not wait for a better try: there won't be any.”\n—Norman Rosten, Newsday\n“David McCullough has taken a dramatic and colorful episode out of the American past and described it in such a way that he sheds fresh light on a whole era in American history.”\n—Bruce Catton\n“After reading David McCullough’s account, you will never look at the old bridge in quite the same way again.”\n—Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, The New York Times\n“McCullough is one of our most gifted living writers.”\n—Marie Arana, The Washington Post\nPublisher: Simon & Schuster\nHistory / United States / 19th Century\nHistory / United States / State & Local / Middle Atlantic (DC, DE, MD, NJ, NY, PA)\nTechnology & Engineering / Civil / Bridges\nKobo eBook (May 31st, 2007): $16.99\nPaperback (January 12th, 1983): $22.00\nHardcover (June 1st, 2001): $35.00","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line799143"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6799300909042358,"wiki_prob":0.6799300909042358,"text":"Archive for the ‘Chongqing Travel’ Category\nFlying Tigers Museum in Chongqing (Tips, Photos & Map)\nFriday, January 7th, 2022\nPlan your Chongqing tour? Chongqing was the Wartime Capital of China during the anti-Japanese war (World War II). No matter you are a history buff or not, it is an interesting experience to have a short trip to the former residence of General Joseph Warren Stilwell (aka Flying Tiger Museum).\nThe location of Stilwell Museum ( aka Flying Tiger Museum ) Google Map\nA part of the former residence of General Joseph Warren Stilwell has turned into the Flying Tigers Museum in Chongqing.\nGeneral Joseph Warren Stilwell former Residence\nThe entrance to the compound of the former namesake residence converted General Joseph Warren Stilwell Museum.\nGeneral Joseph W Stilwell contributed a lot to China’s successful flight against the Japanese aggression.\nOn October 19, 1944, Stilwell was recalled from his command by President Franklin D. Roosevelt partly due to the power struggle over the China Theater that appeared among Stilwell, Claire Lee Chennault , and Chiang Kai-Shek. Especially his blunt confrontation with Chiang finally led to Chiang’s determination to have Stilwell recalled to the United States.\nA bust of General Joseph on the compound along the Yangtze River.\nA bust of General Joseph Warren Stilwell\nGeneral Joseph Warren Stilwell served as Chief of Staff in the China-Burma-India Theater as well as the Chief of Staff to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek in 1942 during the Second World War.\nThe main building of the residence is a two-storey house.\nA huge stone opened book carved with words both in Chinese and English meaning:\nA huge stone opened book\nTo the name of the people of the United States of America\nI present this scroll to the City of Chungking (Chongqing)\nAs a symbol of our admiration for its brave men, women and children. Under blasts from the terror from the air, even in the days before the world at large had known this terror, Chungking and its people held out firm and unconquered.\nThey proved gloriously that terrorism cannot destroy the spirit of a people determined to be free. Their fidelity to the cause of freedom will inspire the hearts of all generations.\nI also noticed the inscriptions carved on a square stone column in English and Chinese: ” With the guns silent and the smoke faded, it is the historical friendship and our memory that will last forever“.\nThe inscriptions carved on a square stone column.\nGeneral Joseph Warren Stilwell’s former residence in Chongqing has now been converted to the General Joseph W. Stilwell Museum in his honor. The museum began to be opened to the public in 1991.\nThe Exhibition Hall\nThe Meeting Room\nJoseph Stilwell’s Bedroom\nStilwell died of stomach cancer on October 12, 1946. His ashes were scattered on the Pacific Ocean. A cenotaph was placed at the West Point Cemetery.\nFlying Tigers Museum in Chongqing\nThe Flying Tigers fought against the much stronger Japanese Air Force during the WW II. The Flying Tigers are credited with destroying as many as 497 Japanese planes at a cost of only 73 of their own.\nThe entrance to the Flying Tiger Museum housed in the former residence of General Joseph Warren Stilwell now has been converted to a museum of the namesake.\nThe entrance to the Flying Tigers Museum\nFlying Tigers was the nickname of the first American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the Chinese Air Force in 1941–1942, commanded by Claire Lee Chennault.\nA bust of Claire Lee Chennault.\nThe Flying Tigers Exhibition Hall\nEqually famous is their brilliant and controversial commander, Claire L. Chennault, whose genius for leadership in the face of overwhelming odds made him a hero in the United States as well as in China.\nThe name list of the Headquarters of the above photo\nChennault was a unique individual who could inspire great accomplishments from all those who served under him.\nIn creating his legendary group of airmen-composed of former U.S. Navy, Marine and Army Air Corps pilots who quietly entered China posing as artists and missionaries-Chennault established his own version of an ideal mercenary band. (from Hinstrynet)\nFlying Tigers, commanded by Claire Lee Chennault\nFor more information on General Chennaul, check out Chennault Aviation and Military Museum.\nHere is the name list of the above photo for the first pursuit Squadrons.\nSecond First Pursuit Squadron of Flying Tiger\nThe Third Pursuit Squadron of Flying Tiger\nMay the friendship between China and the United States lasts for ever despite of piled of obstacles existing.\nFor more information on Flying Tigers, please check out the Flying Tigers’ official website .\nTue to Sun ( Monday closed)\n9:00 – 17:00 ( Ticketing till 16:30)\nThe address for General Joseph Warren Stilwell Museum:\nEnglish: No.63, Jialing Xinlu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing.\nChinese: 重庆渝中区嘉陵新路63号\nTel: (023)63872794, 63609515\nTip: Hassle-free Chongqing Guided Tours\nIf you don’t want to go the do-it-yourself route and prefer the hassle-free escorted tours, here are some options for guided tours to Chongqing:\nChongqing 3 Day Classic Tour\nChongqing Car Rental\nChongqing One Day Highlight Tour\nChongqing Dazu Grottoes Day Tour\nChongqing Yangtze River Yichang Classic 4 Day Tour\nTop 10 Attractions in Chongqing\nBest Time to Visit Chongqing\nCiqikou Old Town\nFlying Tigers Museum\nYangtze River Cruise Daily Schedule – Victoria Cruises\nZhazidong prison, the site of Zhazidong Prison\nThree Gorges Museum\nChongqing People’ Hall\nTags: Flying Tigers Museum, Flying Tigers Museum in China, Flying Tigers Museum in Chongqing, How to visit Flying Tigers Museum\nPosted in Chongqing Travel | 19 Comments »\nTop 10 Attractions in Chongqing (Tips, Photos & Map)\nPlan your Chongqing tour? As a major city in southwestern mainland China, Chongqing is a port city with a large municipal area and big population in China. Nowadays, Chongqing is a modern city, China’s fourth municipality after Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin.\nChongqing is a city of hills, with many old lanes and buildings worth exploring, cruises up the Yangtze, and a walk around to the Port all worth a half day trip. Picturesque landscapes are so enchanting as to make tourists forget to return.\nLocation of Chongqing (Google Map)\nHere we’ve rounded up a list of the top 10 attractions in Chongqing.\nNo. 01: People Liberation Monument\nChongqing People’s Liberation Monument is regarded as the commercial center of the Yuzhong District in Chongqing.\nFormerly a wooden structure, the monument was first built up on March 12th, 1940. This day is the anniversary of Dr. Sun Yatsen’s death, so the monument is called “Spirit Fort”.\nThe monument is located in the crossing of the Mingzhu, Mingquan and Zourong Road in the Yuzhong district. It’s 27.5 meters high. There is a revolving ladder, through which travelers can get to the top of the monument.Entrance Fee: free\nOpening Hours: 24 hours a day\nHow to get there: There are many buses can take you to People Liberation Monument, including Buses No. 413, 418, 481, 301, 303, 215, 103, 104, 111, 112, 122, Tram No. 401, 402 or 405.\nNo. 02: Ciqikou Old Town\nLocated in the suburb of Chongqing City, covering an area of 1.18 square kilometers, Ciqikou Old Town is a historic Chinese old town with traditional style buildings and local flavor food.\nThe old town was built in 998 during the Song Dynasty. The town’s name, Ciqikou, means porcelain harbor, and the community prospered from the porcelain trade. Today it offers a glimpse of the peaceful laid-back life in the Sichuan countryside and is somewhere to take a break from the busy commercial world of Chongqing.\nFor more information, check out the link: Ciqikou Old Town.\nThe main street packed with visitors\nEntrance Fee: Free\nOpening Hours: 08:00-17:00\nHow to get there: take Bus No. 215 and get off at Tongjiaqiao Station\nNo. 03: Dazu Rock Carvings\nDazu Rock Carvings are a series of Chinese religious sculptures and carvings, dating back as far as the 7th century AD, depicting and influenced by Buddhist, Confucian and Taoist beliefs.\nListed as a World Heritage Site, the Dazu Rock Carvings are made up of 75 protected sites containing some 50,000 statues, with over 100,000 Chinese characters forming inscriptions and epigraphs, 160km west of Chongqing.\nThe sites are located in Chongqing Municipality within the steep hillsides throughout Dazu County (located about 60 kilometers west of the city of Chongqing, China). The highlights of the rock grotto are found on Mount Baoding and Mount Beishan.\nDazu Rock Carvings\nEntrance Fee: CNY 130\nHow to get there: There are long-distance buses to the Dazu Rock Carvings both from Chongqing and Chengdu.\nNo. 04: Stilwell Museum (aka Flying Tigers Musuem)\nStilwell Museum lies on No.63 Jialing New Road, 15 kilometers to the urban area. It was founded in memory of Joseph W. Stilwell, an American general who contributed a great deal to the Chinese people.\nCovering an area of 5,000 square meters, the structure is a two-storey building with a basement. The main building is the former residence of General Stilwell.\nIt includes an office, an adjutant room, two meeting rooms, bedrooms and a basement. Simple furniture is shown as it was during the time that he lived there, and more than one hundred articles such as household goods, manuscripts and the uniform which was used by the general are displayed.\nA part of the former residence of General Joseph Warren Stilwell has turned into the Flying Tigers Museum in Chongqing. For more information, please check out the link: Flying Tiger Museum Chongqing.\nEntrance Fee: CNY 5\nHow to get there: take the Light Rail and get off at Lizibei Station, Chongqing\nNo. 05: Wulong Karst Geological Park\nThe Wulong Karst, a UNESCO world heritage site, is located at Wujiang River downriver of Southeastern Chongqing. It covers three karst systems of Sanqiao Natural Bridges which are dotted in mid-north, southeast and northeast of Wulong County.\nThe park includes three natural bridges, the gorge valley, the Tianmen Cave Bridge, Furong caves, 45 degree Pingange Cableway, and Fairy Mt with the Mist Pavilion.\nWulong Karst Geological Park\nWulong Karst Geological Park is located about 180km to the east of Chongqing city. You may take the long-distance bus or slow train to reach the park.\nNo. 06: Chongqing Zoo\nLocated at the western suburb of the main urban area, Chongqing zoo is surrounded by beautiful mountains.\nThe panda house, the highlight of the zoo, will offer you wonderful experience.\nChongqing Zoo was established in 1955.\nCovering an area of more than 45 hectares., the zoo owns more than 230 species of animals, with a total amount of more than 6000 animals that ranks Chongqing Zoo as one of the biggest national urban Zoos. The nature scene is a great treasure.\nPanda at Chongqing Zoo\nEntrance Fee: CNY 20\nHow to get there: take Buses No. 412, 413,\nNo. 07: Three Gorges Museum\nThree Gorges Museum is situated at the west part of the People’s Square of Chongqing. Occupying an area of 30,000 square meters, the museum was completed and opened to the public on Jun 18 , 2005.\nChina Three Gorges Museum has another name – Chongqing Museum. It’s not only a specified museum of Three Gorges but also a comprehensive museum of history and art, a collection of over 170,000 pieces of cultural relics. The museum also equips an International Academic Hall, an Audience Activities Center and 3 temporary Exhibition Halls.|\nA closer glimpse of the Museum’s front\nHow to get there: take Bus No. 145 and get off at the Great Hall of the People Station\nNo. 08: Great Hall of the People\nChongqing People’s Great Hall is situated at Xuetian Wan, Renmin Road, Chongqing and covers an area of 66,000 square meters with a 4,000-seat auditorium. The Great Hall of the People is considered the emblem of Chongqing.\nThe whole building was designed based on traditional Chinese architecture that was in fashion in Ming and Qing Dynasty.\nThe round roof with its green glazed tiles makes the building looks like the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, the porch in front of the hall with its red columns and white marble rails reminds people of the Tian’an Men gate in Beijing.\nChongqing People’s Hall\nHow to get there: take Buses No. 103, 104, 105, 111, 112, 122, 215, 181 or 503 to get to the Great Hall of the People\nNo. 09: Fishing City\nThe old town was built in 1242, or the 2nd year of the Chunyou reign of the Southern Song (about 1100-1279). In 1258, the Mongols launched a total attack on the Song and the Fishing Town was besieged.\nThe Song army mounted a valiant counterattack that lasted 36 years. Some European historians to laud Fishing Town as the “Mecca of the East” and “Where God broke his whip”. The ruins of the ancient battlefield of Fishing Town are well kept there.\nNo. 10: Three Gorges at Yangtze River\nThe Yangtze River ( or called “Changjiang” in Chinese ) is over 6,300 kilometers long, the largest and longest river in China, also the third longest in the world, next just to the Nile in northeast Africa and the Amazon in South America.\nThe source of the Yangtze River is linked to the Tanggula Mountain chain in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, southwest of China.The Yangtze River flows from west to east through provinces of Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu as well as the city of Chongqing, Wuhan and Shanghai, finally entering the East China Sea.\nFor more information, please check out: Cruise on Yangtze River.\nPassing through the Qutang Gorge on the Yangzte River Cruise\nWith much rainfall all year round, the Yangtze River is regarded as the golden watercourse.The most impressive part of the river is the three Yangtze River gorges, namely Qutang Gorge, WuGorge and Xiling Gorge, known as Sanxia in Chinese, or the Three Gorges. Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge are within the administrative area of Chongqing.\nTags: top 10 attractions in Chongqing, Top 10 things to do in Chongqing, Top attractions in Chongqing, Top Chongqing attractions\nPosted in Chongqing Travel | 3 Comments »\nCiqikou Old Town in Chongqing (Tips, Photos & Map)\nTuesday, October 12th, 2021\nPlan your Chongqing tour? Ciqikou is an ace in the hand of Chongqing Municipality that they could use to beat other cities in so called keeping the old structure and respecting the local culture. Chengdu has Kuan Zhai Xiang, Hangzhou has Qinghefang, Shanghai has Yuyuan Bazaar, Tianjin has an ancient cultural street, Hohhot has Saishanglaojie and more.\nAmong many modern cities in China, there exists a similar tendency towards returning and idolizing the ancients by restoring the old towns or streets.\nThe reasons behind the massive government behaviors are various. The seek for economic results are an important impetus in the move to the restoration and gentrification of the these old and less developed areas in modern cities.\nWell, like it or not, your Chongqing tour will definitely include a half day trip to Ciqikou old town, originally called Longyinzhen (dragon hidden town), approx. 12 northwest of Flying Tigers Museum ( aka Stilwell Museum), downtown Chongqong.\nCiqikou, 12km northwest of Stilwell Museum (aka Flying Tiger Museum) Google Map\nCiqikou literally means “Porcelain Port”. The name of the town can be traced back to porcelain production during the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing Dynasties. Ciqikou is located on the west bank of the Jialing River.\nMaking mahua, a popular local fried sugar dough snack\nSells fried dough, Mahua\nMaking Ciba, a kind of sticky rice cakes sprinkled with peanuts\nSell ciba\nKid clothes store\nSugar-coated hawthorn, a local snack?\nThe main entrance to Ciqikou Old Town\nIf you don’t want to go the do-it-yourself route and prefer the hassle-free escorted tours, here are some options for Chongqing Guided Tours:\nTags: Ci Qi Kou Old Town, Ciqikou Old Town, How to visit Ciqikou Town\nYou are currently browsing the archives for the Chongqing Travel category.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line88540"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6360114812850952,"wiki_prob":0.3639885187149048,"text":"Ministerial Leadership in the Jurisdiction of the Methodist Church.\nDixon, William Edge\nhttps://hdl.handle.net/2144/8003\nStatement of the Problem. At the Uniting Conference of Methodism in 1939, the annual conferences of the new Methodist Church were divided into six administrative groups which are called jurisdictions. Five of these are geographically determined while the sixth, or Central Jurisdiction, consists of the Negro annual conferences within the United States. This Central Jurisdiction overlaps each of the other five. From the very beginning of this arrangement, the ethical problem posed by this racially determined jurisdiction has been an uncertain and difficult one for the Methodist Church. The jurisdictional system has been strongly defended by some Methodists and bitterly attacked by others. One of the groups of people most intricately involved in, and most intimately concerned about, the present status and future possibilities of this Central Jurisdiction consists of the Negro ministers who serve the churches therein. This study attempts to explore certain areas concerning the present condition of these ministers, with special attention given to their economic position, their educational achievements, the special problems of which they are conscious, and their desires regarding the future of the Central Jurisdiction within the Methodist Church. Procedure. Chapter Two is an historical background tracing the attitude of the Methodist Church toward its Negro membership from its early beginnings in America up to the Uniting Conference of 1939. Chapter Three presents certain sociological factors concerning the Central Jurisdiction. It analyzes the size of the churches within the Jurisdiction, the salary scale of the ministers of these churches, and the downward trend in the number of fully ordained ministers within the Jurisdiction since the Uniting Conference. Chapters Four and Five present information obtained four a research questionnaire which was mailed to all ministers within five of the seventeen conferences of the Central Jurisdiction. A total of 688 questionnaires were mailed and 229 of these were returned either fully or largely completed. In Chapter Four the formal educational achievements of the seven living Negro bishops and these 229 ministers are analyzed. Chapter Five presents the special problems of which these ministers are aware and what they believe the Methodist Church could do to help alleviate the problems. Chapter Six deals with the attitudes and desires of Central Jurisdictional leaders concerning the position of this Jurisdiction within the Methodist Church. An attempt is made to analyze their opinion as to the ethical problem which the Jurisdiction presents and also their wishes concerning its future position within the Methodist Church. Materials for this chapter are drawn from articles appearing in the Central Christian Advocate, official publication of the Central Jurisdiction, and from replies to the research questionnaire. Conclusions. There has been much uncertainty in regard to the total position of the Central Jurisdiction within Methodism and especially in regard to the place it holds in the thinking of Negro Methodist leaders. After a consideration of the historical background and sociological construction of the Jurisdiction, and after an analysis of the completed research questionnaires, the following conclusions have been reached: 1. The jurisdictional arrangement whereby a racially segregated Central Jurisdiction was established has never been unanimously considered as a final organizational structure for the Methodist Church. The Plan of Union was adopted by the required number of annual conferences only because a way was left open whereby this Central Jurisdiction could be reconsidered and changed at any General Conference of the new Methodist Church. The majority of the Negro delegates voted against this jurisdictional arrangement at the time of unification and submitted to it only because they were out-voted. Since 1939 there has been continuous discussion of the arrangement and much agitation for a change. The agitation has been carried on by white and Negro Methodists. 2. Sociologically speaking, the churches of the Central Jurisdiction have many factors which impede their progress and hinder their effectiveness. The churches are small in terms of active membership. In 1952, 53 percent of all charges had only 100 members or less while 29 percent of all charges had 50 members or less. The churches are primarily southern and rural in terms of location. This means that they have a low economic base on which to build. The number of fully ordained ministers within the Jurisdiction has decreased steadily from 1939 until the present time, while the number of accepted supply pastors has steadily increased. The salaries paid to Central Jurisdictional ministers are very low. In 1952, 41 percent of these ministers received from their churches a yearly salary of $1,000 or less. 3. These sociological factors point to the need for a much more effective use of the available ministers of the Central Jurisdiction. These factors form a vicious circle of inter-relating forces which make progress exceedingly difficult. An unusually high proportion of very small churches make for inadequate ministerial support, which in turn makes for a part-time ministry, which in turn makes for inadequate ministerial direction and leadership, which in turn makes for small churches. A combination of churches and a reorganization of their work is strongly indicated. 4. The ministry of the Central Jurisdiction is not adequately educated. Of the 229 ministers who returned the research questionnaires, 50.2 percent were seminary graduates. Another study revealed a canparative figure of 31 percent. The educational status of the accepted supply pastors is especially low. Of the 45 supply pastors who returned the questionnaires, none had attended seminary, ll.l percent were college graduates, and another ll.l percent had attended college for a time but had not graduated. Further, 73.4 percent of these supply pastors had not graduated from high school, and 31.1 percent had never attended high school. In view of the fact that rou ghly one-third of the active ministers of the Central Jurisdiction are accepted supply pastors, this situation is especially serious. 5. There is a correlation between the amount of formal education the ministers have and their feelings toward the present status and possible usefulness of the Central Jurisdiction. Those with more education uniformly tend to take a more adverse view of the Jurisdictim and its usefulness. 6. The encountered obstacles of which the Central Jurisdictional ministers are aware are primarily obstacles due to segregation and to inadequate financial support, but the obstacles mentioned next in frequency were favoritism on the part of the leadership and the position of the accepted supply pastors within the conferences of the Jurisdiction. Segregation was the obstacle mentioned most frequently. These ministers feel that segregation has a detrimental effect by giving them a status as second-rate persons, that it excludes them from the wider fellowship of the Methodist Church, and that it prevents them from taking advantage of many opportunities which would make for their development as Christian leaders. Inadequate financial support deprives them of many of the things necessary to the development of Christian leadership and oftimes forces them to seek outside employment in order to support their families. They feel that by trying to remove these obstacles, the Methodist Church could contribute toward their development as effective Christian ministers. 7. The overwhelming majority of the ministers in the Central Jurisdiction feel that the Jurisdiction should be abolished. Statements published in the Central Christian Advocate unanimously brand it as segregation and as an unchristian compromise. Of the 229 ministers who returned the questionnaire, 73.8 percent feel that the Jurisdiction weakens the effectiveness of the Methodist Church as it tries to present the Christian Gospel today, while 60.3 percent feel that the Jurisdiction actually hinders the development of Negro leadership within the Methodist Church. Only 7.0 percent actually go on record as favoring the retention of the Jurisdiction as it is now constituted. 8. While the overwhelming majority of the ministers feel that the Central Jurisdiction is officially segregation and must be abolished, there are wide differences of opinion as to the timing, the methods, and the strategy to be used in bringing about the abolition. One group feels that the first steps must be taken at the local church level. Some feel that a program of \"permissive legislation\" offers the test hope for immediate progress. The president of a Negro college proposes that the next General Conference take a strong stand on the ethical indefensibility of the Central Jurisdiction, abolish it everywhere except where state law requires segregation, and then maintain a continuous program of education and experiment looking toward complete integration not only of churches into annual conferences but of individuals into churches. 9. The feelings of the vast majority of the Negro Methodist ministers concerning the ethical indefensibility of the Central Jurisdiction as an official structure within the Methodist Church are so intense that unless some positive action toward its immediate mitigation and ultimate abolition is taken in the very near future, Methodism is likely to lose increasingly the respect and loyalty of its Negro membership. The ministers of the Central Jurisdiction will probably be reasonably satisfied if the next General Conference will take an uncompromising stand toward segregation and at least make a long stride toward its abolition within the official structure of the Methodist Church. But if this next General Conference avoids a forthright stand and refuses to make real progress toward the ultimate abolition of the Central Jurisdiction, then the Methodist Church will likely have lost for a time, perhaps permanently, its position in the thinking and loyalty of great numbers of its Negro membership\nThesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University\nBased on investigation of the BU Libraries' staff, this work is free of known copyright restrictions.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1657805"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.726973295211792,"wiki_prob":0.726973295211792,"text":"Culture, News\nMarijuana users have more sex, researchers find\nRegular marijuana users have about 20 percent more sex than abstainers, according to a new study from researchers at Stanford University.\nThe study analyzed data on 28,000 female and 23,000 male participants in the National Survey of Family Growth, a nationally representative CDC survey of Americans age 15 to 49. It found that women who smoked marijuana daily had sex with a male partner an average of 7.1 times per month, compared to 6 times per month for nonsmoking women. Similarly, men who used marijuana daily reported having sex with a woman 6.9 times per month, compared to 5.6 times for nonusers. Those findings held true even after the researchers controlled for a number of demographic variables known to affect sex habits and marijuana use. “The overall trend we saw applied to people of both sexes and all races, ages, education levels, income groups and religions, every health status, whether they were married or single and whether they had kids,” author Michael Eisenberg said in a statement.\nFurther bolstering the findings, the study also found what researchers call a “dose-dependent relationship” between marijuana use and sex frequency: as respondents’ marijuana use rates increased, so did their frequency of having sex. The study does not, however, necessarily indicate a causal relationship between marijuana use and sex. “It doesn’t say if you smoke more marijuana, you’ll have more sex,” Eisenberg said. For instance, people who are naturally inclined to have more frequent sex may be predisposed to marijuana use, rather than the other way around.\n#MARIJUANA\t#sex\nBig K.R.I.T. 4eva Is a Mighty Long Time\nCatalonia Declares Full Independence From Spain\nPeter Sobat\nPeter Sobat is the owner/creator of Blurred Culture. Peter holds a MFA in Digital Technology and has worked in media for the past 15 years. He is the creator of several viral hits such as \"The SmokeBox\" , \"The Devin The Dude Show\" and \"Live with Steve Lobel\".\nArtist Who Gained Fame by Eating Art Basel’s Banana Is Now Collaborating With Dole on an NFT\nMarijuana Compound Removes Alzheimer’s-Related Protein From Nerve Cells\nCulture, Music, News, Photography\nL.A. Pride Celebrates The LGBTQ+ Community In Commemorating The Stonewall Rebellion\nMusic, News, Video\nCheck out Drake’s new video for “Nonstop”\nThe Reality of the US Withdrawal From Afghanistan\nThe Stars Come Out For L.A. Pride Festival’s Red Carpet [PHOTOS] PHOTOS: RED CARPET AT L.A. PRIDE 2017","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line997588"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7740442156791687,"wiki_prob":0.7740442156791687,"text":"Home Music Stevie Wonder Releases Two New Songs Today\nStevie Wonder Releases Two New Songs Today\nToday, Stevie Wonder used the occasion of the 36th birthday of his second oldest son, Mumtaz Morris, to announce something he has never done before. With a spirit of celebration, he released two songs at once. “Can’t Put It in The Hands of Fate” feat. Rapsody, Cordae, Chika, and Busta Rhymes and “Where Is Our Love Song” feat. Gary Clark Jr., are songs that provide instruction and inspiration for today’s global challenges.\nReleased on Wonder’s new label, So What The Fuss Music, marketed and distributed by Republic Records/Universal Music Group, both songs are written and produced by Stevie Wonder and are available now on all digital and streaming platforms.\n“Can’t Put It In the Hands of Fate” features four of hip-hop’s visionary artists: rising star Rapsody, GRAMMY® Award-nominated Cordae, critically acclaimed Chika, and eleven-time GRAMMY® Award-nominated New York legend Busta Rhymes. Their collaboration across genres and generations exemplify the power of the need for action demanded by the song.\n“Where Is Our Love Song,” featuring four-time GRAMMY®-winner guitarist, Gary Clark Jr., identifies what is needed as the world grapples with historic challenges, posing the question, “Where are our words with hope, prayer for peace, and our desperately needed song of love?”\nEverything and everyone have been affected by Covid-19, especially the underserved Black and Brown communities. All of Stevie’s proceeds from the record royalties of “Where Is Our Love Song” will be donated to Feeding America.\n“In these times, we are hearing the most poignant wake-up calls and cries for this nation and the world to, please, heed our need for love, peace and unity,” stated Stevie.\nTracy Lawrence Premieres New Music Video\nWARREN ZEIDERS SIGNS TO WARNER RECORDS\nInsecure Star Issa Rae Calls Out Music Industry, Says It’s ‘Abusive’\nJACK JOHNSON 2022 SUMMER NORTH AMERICAN HEADLINE TOUR\nMusicBird AG Acquires J.R. Rotem Song Catalog\nIDK TEAMS WITH YOUNG THUG FOR NEW SONG “PRADADABANG”\nGRAMMY-NOMINATED PRODUCER, SONGWRITER, AND EXECUTIVE WONDAGURL ANNOUNCES WONDERCHILD IMPRINT WITH RED BULL RECORDS","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1251888"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9660725593566895,"wiki_prob":0.9660725593566895,"text":"10 Things to Know, Day 9: Dimitrov nearing \"Slam quarterfinal Slam\"\nIf he beats Stefanos Tsitsipas on Monday, the former No. 3 will become the 10th active men's player to have reached the quarterfinals or better at all four Grand Slams.\nTrivia: Going into today, players from five of the seven continents of the world are still in the singles draws at Roland Garros. Which two continents are missing?\nThe last spots in the Roland Garros quarterfinals are up for grabs. Three major champions with 20 majors between them—Novak Djokovic, Petra Kvitova and Sofia Kenin—are all among the Chatrier line-up today.\nDjokovic is trying to reach his 11th straight quarterfinal at Roland Garros. He’s already the only man in the Open Era to reach 10 straight quarterfinals at Roland Garros, from 2010 to 2019.\nDjokovic’s opponent, Karen Khachanov, has now made it to the second week all four times he’s played here. He reached the fourth round in his first two main draw appearances in 2017 and 2018, and then his first (and so far only) Grand Slam quarterfinal here in 2019 (falling to Dominic Thiem).\nKhachanov is 0-7 against No. 1s. That’s 0-1 against Djokovic, 0-5 against Rafael Nadal and 0-1 against Andy Murray. He’s only won one set, during a 5-7, 7-5, 7-6 (7), 7-6 (3) loss to Nadal at the 2018 US Open.\nStefanos Tsitsipas plays Grigor Dimitrov—the only player in the Top 20 he’s never played before. There are two players in the Top 20 that Dimitrov has never played—Tsitsipas, obviously, and Khachanov.\nSo far this tournament, Dimitrov has played No. 103, No. 102 and No. 101—now, No. 6. He played No. 103 Gregoire Barrere first round, No. 102 Andrej Martin second round and No. 101 Roberto Carballes Baena third round.\nDimitrov is trying to become the 10th active men’s player to have reached the quarterfinals of all four Majors. The first nine are the Big 3, Murray, Stan Wawrinka, Juan Martin del Potro, Marin Cilic, Kei Nishikori and Jo-Wilfried Tsonga.\nKenin’s trying to reach her first quarterfinal on clay. She’s won tour-level titles on the other surfaces (hard, grass) but she’s never been to a tour-level quarterfinal on clay. She plays Fiona Ferro today.\nPetra Kvitova’s a win away from just her second Roland Garros quarterfinal. She was a semifinalist here in 2012. She’s been to multiple quarterfinals at all of the majors except for Roland Garros.\nKvitova’s also a win away from returning to the Top 10. The former No. 2 fell out of the Top 10 after the Australian Open this year, but she’s been hovering just outside at No. 11 or No. 12 ever since.\nYesterday’s Trivia: Sebastian Korda was trying to become the first American man to reach the quarterfinals of Roland Garros since Andre Agassi in 2003.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line776473"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.954367995262146,"wiki_prob":0.954367995262146,"text":"UW's Frank Kaminsky named Player of the Year in college basketball\nSam Dekker asks Frank Kaminsky a question from the audience about his player of the year award Friday morning. The entire Badgers team showed up as Kaminsky was awarded the Oscar Robertson Trophy as the best player in college basketball.Rick Wood\nUW's Frank Kaminsky is Player of the Year\nFinal Four coaches, players address media\nDekker has long aimed for excellence\nRoles reverse for Badgers' Jackson and Koenig\nKentucky's Harrison twins come through in the clutch\nNotes: Gasser's shooting could be critical for UW vs. Kentucky\nWisconsin vs. Kentucky: Basics, matchups\nMichigan State vs. Duke: Basics, matchups\nQuiz: Test your Final Four knowledge\nMarch Madness: 2015 NCAA Tournament section\nWhat should Wisconsin junior Sam Dekker do?\nStay in school\nEnter the NBA draft\nStay in school: 76%\nEnter the NBA draft: 24%\nTotal Responses: 4121\nFriday's Special Section\nPick up a special section commemorating the 2014-'15 Wisconsin Badgers in the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel on news stands Friday. The section features details about the entire 16-man roster, highlights from the season, a two-page poster of the team and much more.\nPreview: After an incredible two-year run, Badgers have one thing to accomplish\nFinal bracket\nFull men's bracket (printable)\nLive tournament scoreboard\nWomen's bracket (printable)\nBRACKET GAMES\nU Pick 'Em\nMarch Madness Games\nPLAY THE BRACKETS\nMake your picks for a chance at $1 million.\nPick all games up front\nPick games round-by-round\nPLAY THE ODDS\nPlay six rounds through the tournament. Pick 5 teams each round. No brackets. The more your picks cover the spread, the more points you get.\nPick your games now\nIndianapolis — The best basketball player in the nation stands 84 inches tall, possesses the footwork of a ballerina and was overlooked by almost every marquee program when he was a high school senior at Benet Academy in Lisle, Ill.\nWisconsin senior Frank Kaminsky.\nKaminsky, who had scholarship offers from UW, DePaul, Northwestern, Bradley, Northern Illinois and Southern Illinois, on Friday won the two top awards as the college basketball player of the year.\nIn the morning, he accepted the Oscar Robertson Trophy, voted on by the United States Basketball Writers Association. Robertson won the first award in 1958. In the afternoon, he was named the Associated Press player of the year, receiving 58 votes from the 65-member national media panel. Duke freshman Jahlil Okafor received five votes and Kentucky's Wille Caulaey-Stein and Notre Dame's Jerian Grant had one each in the AP voting.\nKentucky's John Calipari was named AP coach of the year, receiving 40 of the 65 votes, ahead of Virginia's Tony Bennett and Notre Dame's Mike Brey.\n\"It's been a long journey,\" Kaminsky said during a news conference Friday, responding to a question from teammate Nigel Hayes. \"It wasn't easy at times but I just believed in the process and believed in myself and had a lot of people who also believed in me. They really pushed me.\n\"My teammates really helped me by making me a better player every day in practice.\"\nThe honor was the latest for Kaminsky, whose remarkable development from freshman to senior has been chronicled by writers from coast to coast.\nKaminsky, who earlier this week was named a unanimous first-team All-American by the AP, leads UW in scoring (18.2 points), rebounds (8.0), assists (2.7), blocks (1.5) and field-goal shooting (54.9%), and has the Badgers (35-3) in the Final Four for the second consecutive season. UW meets Kentucky (38-0) at approximately 7:49 p.m. Saturday at Lucas Oil Stadium.\nThe Big Ten player of the year has scored 91 points (22.8 per game) in four NCAA Tournament games this season, the No. 1 mark.\nKaminsky averaged just 7.7 minutes and 1.8 points per game as a freshman and 10.3 minutes and 4.2 points as a sophomore.\nHe blossomed during his junior season and averaged 13.9 points and 6.3 rebounds in 27.2 minutes per game. His work that season is remembered for two huge games. Kaminsky scored a program-record 43 points against North Dakota and carried UW past Arizona in the Elite Eight with 28 points and 11 rebounds.\n\"I wanted to play him more as a sophomore,\" UW coach Bo Ryan joked, \"but the assistant coaches felt that he wasn't quite ready yet and if you hold him back ... he is the type of guy that will use that as fuel to come back his junior year and senior year and really be a good player.\n\"So that's what I did. I kept Frank off the court. ... To this point, no one has come as far as Frank.\"\nThrough it all, Kaminsky hasn't forgotten that he is a college student bent on soaking up every day before he embarks on a career in the National Basketball Association.\nWhether he is wearing a GoPro camera on UW's senior day to chronicle every second of his final home game to passionately reminding fans and reporters he is the team's best video player, Kaminsky isn't afraid to behave like a 7-foot clown minus the makeup.\n\"We're just trying to have as much fun as possible,\" Kaminsky said recently. \"We're still kids.\n\"We know what we're trying to accomplish and what we want to have the outcome be. But at the same time, I'm 21 years old. I'm having a blast. I'm trying to do all the fun things that I can do while I can still do them.\"\nThat includes appearing live on ESPN's SportsCenter while UW was in Los Angeles for the NCAA West Region games – in a Wisconsin Badgers T-shirt and frumpy gray sweatpants that barely extended below his knees.\n\"This is the 'I left the hotel without enough clothes' look,\" he said during his appearance last week.\nKaminsky enjoyed every second of his on-air work.\n\"It was fun,\" he said. \"I wish I would have had some better clothes to wear. I didn't know I was actually going to be on SportsCenter. But it was a blast.\"\nKaminsky's player of the year honor is the first ever for UW in college basketball. The Badgers came close to having the top player this school year in football and basketball, with running back Melvin Gordon finishing second to Oregon quarterback Marcus Mariota in the Heisman Trophy voting.\nMarquette's Butch Lee was named player of the year in 1977-'78, the only other time a player from the state has won the award.\nKaminsky could have turned pro after his junior season but decided to return to UW for his senior season, in part, because of UW's 74-73 loss to Kentucky in the national semifinals. Kaminsky was held to seven field-goal attempts and eight points.\n\"I learned that maybe I wasn't as good as I thought I was at that point in time,\" he said. \"Just going against a team like theirs, they have so many elite players on the court at all times, I just struggled and didn't play as well as I wanted to.\n\"I think that was a big driving factor, motivating factor to try to get back here, try to play better than we did last year, hopefully come out on top. It going to be definitely tougher than last year, we know that. We're going to do whatever we can to do so.\"\nTrue to form, Kaminsky and his teammates on Friday showed no signs of pressure despite being one day away from facing Kentucky in the national semifinals.\nEvery UW player and the coaches attended the news conference. Hayes asked the first question and identified himself as \"Nigel Hayes – Badger beats writer/inter-squad team relations.\"\nUp next: \"Sam Dekker, @Samdek1.\"\n\"Do you think not playing many minutes on your AAU team really put a chip on your shoulder to get to this point?\" Dekker asked, zinging his teammate.\nKaminsky's loquacious response: \"Yes.\"\nA follow up question came from senior Josh Gasser.\n\"Who is your favorite teammate?\" Gasser asked.\n\"All of them,\" Kaminsky said. \"Especially Josh.\"\nRyan summed up the day this way:\n\"To have Frank Kaminsky ... and seeing (him) as the player of the year speaks volumes to what he has done to elevate our program.\n\"The reason a guy like Frank Kaminsky can get that kind of support is because of how he handles his teammates, how he handles his success.\n\"He is one of a kind, I can tell you that.\"\nPLAYERS OF THE YEAR FROM BIG TEN\nFrank Kaminsky is the ninth Big Ten player to be named AP player of the year since the award started in 1961. Only five Big Ten schools have had players win the honor, led by Ohio State.\nOhio State 4 Jerry Lucas (1961, '62), Gary Bradds ('64), Evan Turner (2010)\nIndiana 2 Scott May ('76), Calbert Cheaney ('93)\nMichigan 2 Cazzie Russel ('66), Trey Burke ('13)\nPurdue 1 Glenn Robinson ('94)\nWisconsin 1 Frank Kaminsky (2015)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1233427"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6829464435577393,"wiki_prob":0.31705355644226074,"text":"Kaiserslautern Synagogue\nNear the Kaiserslautern city center is a rather unique monument. It’s a virtual reality memorial to commemorate the Jewish synagogue that stood there until August 1938. At that time Kaiserslautern was slated to become a center of Nazi influence in the Palatinate part of Germany. Having a prominent Jewish synagogue in the city did not help the city’s desires to attract Nazi favor so the city elders decided a closer adherence to a local architectural code and a need for a parade field meant that the synagogue must come down. The last service at the Kaiserslautern synagogue was on 27 August and the demolition of the building began a few days later on 31 August 1938. This occurred just a few months before Kristallnacht (Crystal Night), the Night of Broken Glass, when Nazi led crowds in Germany and Austria attacked over 1600 synagogues, setting 267 on fire. Ninety-five synagogues were destroyed just in Vienna. When the Kaiserslautern synagogue was leveled it had a Jewish membership of 738, in 1945 less than 25 remained.\nIn 1994 when a synagogue in Lübeck, Germany was set aflame a professor at Technical University Darmstadt was so alarmed that this behavior would return to Germany that he and eight of his students began work on a means to save or recover the images of buildings that no longer existed. What they came up with is a system called 3d-cad-simulations. It allows a viewer to see a building, three dimensionally, which no longer exists, exterior and interior. Kaiserslautern would use this technology to create the memorial to its lost synagogue.\nThe city had placed a memorial plague and declared “The Synagogue Square” in October 1980. In September 2002, Kaiserslautern rebuilt a portion of the original synagogue’s archway and then encircled the area where the building had stood with 3d-cad-simulation view ports.\nJeff and I were recently in Kaiserslautern for the day and stopped by The Synagogue Square. The city really has done a nice job telling the story and showing where the synagogue stood and how it appeared.\nThese pillars are replicas of the original synagogues main entrance.\nFrom behind the main entrance pillars you can see two of the stainless steel view ports. Lean over and look into the view port and you'll see the synagogue as it looked from that angle over 70 years ago.\nA plaque at the memorial shows how the synagogue appeared and main entrance before final, complete demolition.\nWe took some pictures through a few of the view ports. You can see a reflection of the camera lense but also a pretty good image of what magic the view ports reveal, both outside and inside the synagogue.\nFor anyone in the Kaislautern area that might be interested in seeing The Synagogue Square, it's at the corner of Fischerstraße and Schubertstraße near the city center.\nPosted by Sandy and Jeff at Tuesday, September 13, 2011\nMegan Carter October 2, 2011 at 12:23 AM\nVery sad about what happened to the Jewish population so many of the synagogues during Nazi Germany. Kaiserslautern's memorial is amazing. I love the 3d pictures. Also, the black and white picture shows how amazing this synagogue used to be. Glad to hear it is being remembered though.\ncatherine February 19, 2012 at 11:20 AM\nwhat a beautiful building it used to be what a complete tragedy for the jewish people they deserve to be remembered especially in the places they suffered most.\nTango Therapist July 30, 2014 at 9:21 PM\nThe history of the destruction of the Synagogue is not correct as given here. 10 Nov. 1938 was Kristallnacht, and that is when the synagogue was destroyed along with the majority of homes and apartments where Kaiserslautern Jews lived. Men were sent off to their deaths, and families followed. The memorial has a list of murdered Jews from the city. Hardly anyone I know in the city seems to know much about this monument. I speak German and I asked others about it Many were ignorant of it. It is a small town and next to the largest bank in town. Your depiction is actually quite disturbing more than historically accurate. You write: \"At that time Kaiserslautern was slated to become a center of Nazi influence in the Palatinate part of Germany. Having a prominent Jewish synagogue in the city did not help the city’s desires to attract Nazi favor so the city elders decided a closer adherence to a local architectural code and a need for a parade field meant that the synagogue must come down. The last service at the Kaiserslautern synagogue was on 27 August and the demolition of the building began a few days later on 31 August 1938.\" The demolition happen at the same time and was a surprise attack on the Jewish civilian population. A German man came back to say he was sorry, according to a Nov 2013 Newspaper account. He told the mother of two who stood there in their destroyed home, \"I am so sorry. You husband was a good doctor and he saved my daughter's life. But I did not want to lose my job, and I was ordered to destroy your house.\" Kaiserslautern had terrible blood on their hands. It wasn't \"the Nazis\" but the complacency of the German people at that time that allowed this to happen. America-- and it seems all humanity--has these lapses, and we do not seem to learn the great depravity that humankind is capable of. Instead we say, \"Remember!\" and \"never again.\" The synagogue was and still is the most beautiful building ever in Kaiserslautern since Roman times, and you said \"a closer adherence to a local architectural code and a need for a parade field meant that the synagogue must come down.\" It seems as if you were voting on the council yourselves to justify this very ugly human tragedy.\nDiAnna March 28, 2017 at 10:17 PM\nThis is incorrect, according to documentation in Kaiserslautern, \"The Nazis destroyed the synagogue in the late summer of 1938, even before Kristallnacht took place.\"\nSandy and Jeff March 29, 2017 at 1:21 AM\nYou are correct DiAnna on your comment to Tango Therapist above and thank you. This is what I stated in the blog \"The last service at the Kaiserslautern synagogue was on 27 August and the demolition of the building began a few days later on 31 August 1938. This occurred just a few months before Kristallnacht (Crystal Night)\"\nRowdy July 30, 2014 at 10:16 PM\nIf you did some research on the Kaiserslautern Synagogue you will find that my facts are correct. The Kaiserslautern Synagogue was not destroyed on Kristallnacht. It had already been torn down by then for the very reasons I stated; the desire of local powers to attract and gain Nazi influence.\nThe comment a \"closer adherence to a local architectural code and a need for a parade field meant that the synagogue must come down\" are not my thoughts or my view. That comment is based, again, on the research that I did and was the excuse and ruse that the city fathers gave and their justification for tearing down the synagogue. Your final sentence is actually quite insulting, insinuating that I condone the actions of the Kaiserslautern people who orchestrated this tragedy.\nMy family Herze attended here after moving from Essweiler in 1902, On October 20th, 1940 all 7 in the family were deported and eventually killed in the Holocaust....a stumbling stone memorial was placed at the last address where they were free in June 2014. I am glad to see photo of where they once worshiped.\nMunich & THE Oktoberfest 2011\nTHE Bad Durkheim Wurstmark 2011\nAlsace Wine Road\nHail in Germany!?!?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1426405"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9763392210006714,"wiki_prob":0.9763392210006714,"text":"Gophers golf coach talks signing Simley prep star Isabella McCauley to 2022 class\nBy Jeff Wald\nSimley golf star Isabella McCauley will stay home to play for the Gophers in 2022 after signing with Minnesota in November. ((credit: University of Minnesota Athletics))\nMINNEAPOLIS - Rhyll Brinsmead was just two months into her tenure as University of Minnesota women’s golf coach when she got a text message that she hopes changes everything for the program.\nThe Gophers were in South Carolina at the Briar’s Creek Invitational last March, having just completed a full day of 36-hole competition. Brinsmead got a text message, from Simley High School star and Inver Grove Heights native Isabella McCauley, the top player in Minnesota and one of the best in the nation.\n\"Can you talk tomorrow?\" McCauley texted Brinsmead.\nGophers golf coach talks Simley star Isabella McCauley signing with Minnesota\nUniversity of Minnesota women's golf coach Rhyll Brinsmead talked this week about Simley star Isabella McCauley signing to play with the Gophers in 2022.\nBrinsmead was not optimistic, figuring McCauley would want to talk right then and there over the phone if she wanted to make a verbal commitment to the Gophers.\n\"I said ‘Hey we’re going to be traveling, can we do this call right now?’ I’m thinking let’s just get this over with,\" Brinsmead said.\nThe Gophers’ head coach, assistant Matt Higgins and McCauley all connected via FaceTime. Brinsmead was bracing for disappointment, with McCauley having narrowed her college options from five schools to three and Minnesota still involved. But due to COVID-19, Brinsmead hadn’t been able to have McCauley on campus for an official visit. She hadn’t even seen the prep phenom play in-person.\nMcCauley sat up in her chair, and the phone revealed she was sporting a Minnesota hooded sweatshirt. She gave Brinsmead her verbal commitment to play for the Gophers in 2022. One of the best female amateur players in the country will play for her home school.\n\"I screamed, the team was in the room next to me and they all came running in. I said ‘she’s coming!’ In 17 years of doing this, it was one of those moments I’ll never forget because it means so much to not just our program, but the university and the Minnesota golf community,\" Brinsmead said. \"Anybody that knows the golf community, it was just awesome.\"\nMcCauley made that commitment official last month, signing a National Letter of Intent to attend Minnesota in 2022.\n\"I chose the University of Minnesota because of the amazing team culture and coaches,\" McCauley said last month. \"Being able to stay close to my family was a major factor as well.\"\nMcCauley is well-known in Minnesota golf circles. She’s the top high school player in the state, and made headlines twice in 2021. She became the first woman to win the Minnesota Golf Champions tournament, which features the best male and female players in the state, shooting 9-under par over three rounds. She went wire-to-wire at Minneapolis Golf Club. Most recently, McCauley was the runner-up in the Notah Begay III Junior Golf National Championship.\nThis past summer, McCauley became the youngest Minnesotan ever to qualify for the U.S. Women’s Open. She just missed making the cut at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. She was just 17 years old at the time, and it was Brinsmead’s first time watching her play live. McCauley’s week included a practice round with star Michelle Wie.\n\"Here’s this kid playing with these seasoned tour professionals. I knew she was good, but to watch her play 36 holes at the U.S. Open and she missed the cut by 1 or 2, she’s the real deal,\" Brinsmead said. \"She just plays like she’s been doing it for years, she’s got this killer instinct about her. She went out in that second round and shot under par on one of the hardest golf course set ups I’ve ever seen. She’s got the whole package.\"\nBrinsmead thought she might have a chance to keep McCauley early on. In her first week on the job, McCauley was one of the first reach out via email. They couldn’t meet in person because of a recruiting dead period, so the communication was over FaceTime and on the phone.\nBrinsmead’s message was clear: If the local talent is there, she wants them to be Gophers.\n\"I could tell straight away she was willing to listen to what we were going to sell and the direction we wanted to take this program. We kept on telling her you could be the hometown hero,\" Brinsmead said. \"Our goal is to keep the Minnesota kids home that can play at this level. It’s important, this state is golf crazy. I was in Georgia for 13 years, I’ve never lived somewhere that loves golf as much as Minnesota does.\"\nCops pull over 84-year-old man only to discover he’s driven without a license for 72 years","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line20806"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.66643887758255,"wiki_prob":0.66643887758255,"text":"Stay out of Seymour, mountain bikers warn after black bear chase (VIDEO)\nThe North Shore Mountain Bike Association is warning people to avoid trails in the Seymour area after a few run-ins with a particularly territorial black bear.\nCooper Quinn, president of the NSMBA, said the group will be posting signs at the trailheads between the second switchback on Mount Seymour and the top of Hyannis Drive.\nVideo posted online Wednesday shows the bear persistently chasing a group of men on their mountain bikes until they eventually band together and shout the bear away.\n“Given the nature of the last interaction, we figure it’s best to minimize people in the area for a little bit,” Quinn said. “We are going to ask people to stay away from that area and those trails for a little bit to give that bear some space. It’s clearly getting a little fed up with people and just needs a little bit of room.”\nQuinn said he was a little too close for comfort with the same bear last week.\n“It was certainly not afraid of humans,” he said. “It was not being aggressive or anything like that, but made it clear it was time for me to move on.”\nThe NSMBA doesn’t have authority to close the trails, which are provincial jurisdiction, but Quinn said the group would monitor the situation and keep in touch with the Conservation Officer Service, B.C. Parks and the North Shore Black Bear Society, which they recently partnered with to educate trail builders.\nBlack Bear Society president Christine Miller welcomed the NSMBA’s decision to warn people away. Miller said the mountain bikers in the video did the right thing by holding their bikes up and shouting at the bear.\n“If he was predatory, he could have caught them easily,” she said. “It’s best to stand side by side on the trail if there’s space to do that to make themselves look more dangerous or powerful.”\nMiller has received reports of a bear in the same area approaching people to steal their food, indicating the bear has been fed on the trails, either intentionally or unintentionally.\nWhile she agrees people should avoid the Seymour area trails for a while, Miller advises everyone going into the wilderness to carry bear spray.\n“The best thing we can do for bears like that is shoot them with bear spray to let them know ‘OK, we’re here too and give us our space,’” she said. “That behaviour is becoming more dangerous. It is approaching a last resort in the sense that if someone reacted inappropriately, it could result in human injury.”\nRight now, bears are foraging upwards of 20 hours a day to pack on weight before hibernation, Miller said, so residents need to be extra vigilant about keeping their yards free of an easy meal.\nAccording the last batch of data released by the province, more than 400 bears were killed in British Columbia between April and August after getting into conflicts with humans.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line294603"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7039566040039062,"wiki_prob":0.29604339599609375,"text":"Once there was a bus conductor who was very rude to his passengers\nOnce there was a bus conductor, who was very rude to his passengers.\nOne day a beautiful young girl, of around 18 years,tried to board the bus, but he didn't stop the bus.\nThe judge was not at all impressed with him and gave him capital punishment.\nHe was taken to the electrocution chamber. There was a single chair in the center of the room and a single banana peel at one corner of the room. The conductor was strapped to the chair and high voltage current was given to him. But to everyone's amazement, he survived. The judge decided to set him free, and he returned to his profession.\nA couple of months later, an elderly gentleman tried to board the bus.\nThis time the Bus conductor, remembering his earlier experience stopped the bus. Unfortunately the elderly gentleman slipped and died due to his\ninjuries. The conductor was taken to the police station and then to the court, to the same judge. Though he hadn't done anything wrong, but considering his past record the judge decided to set an example and gave him capital punishment.\nThe Bus conductor was again taken to the same electrocution chamber where there was a single chair in the center of the room and a single banana peel at one corner of the room. He was strapped to the chair and high voltage current was given to him.\nThis time he died instantly !!!!!!!!!!!\nThe question is why didn't he die on the first occasion but died instantly the second time??\nTry to solve it yourselves. This is rather interesting and answer is perfectly logical. If necessary read the puzzle once again.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1003350"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7396618723869324,"wiki_prob":0.2603381276130676,"text":"Item #b779\nCombined Shipping And Handling\nQuality Merchandise At Reasonable Prices\nQuality Packing And\nPostal Insurance\nIt's never too late to\nhave a happy childhood!\n(4) Old Aunt Martha's Cape Neddick Maine Restaurant Photographs\nCape Neddick York Maine Restaurant Food Diner Luncheonette Photo Photograph Gas Gas Station Tourist Tourism Cook Cooking Candy Baker Bakery Nostalgic Advertising\nThe pictures show a view of all (4) Old Aunt Martha's Cape Neddick Maine Restaurant Photographs in this lot. Two of these are dated 1937 on the back. The other two are from around the same time. Three of these are mounted on backing boards and one is in a matt frame.\nThe first photo is an exterior shot of the restaurant. There are (7) old automobiles to the left by an ''ANCHOR GROVE'' arch sign. To the right is an old gas pump. It has a 21 cent price for gas as well as three small signs that read:\nSOCONY MOTOR GASOLINE\nSOCONY GASOLINE\nSOCONY MOTOR OIL\nAt the far right is one of the cabins that were rented out. The flag and flag pole were drawn on the building in ink, but they look real unless looking through a magnifying glass. There is the number ''33915'' in the lower right corner. There are many signs on the front of the building itself. They read as follows:\nAUNT MARTHA'S THE HOME OF GOOD EATS\nAUNT MARTHA'S\nSANDWICHES OF ALL KINDS\nFRIED CLAMS - STEAKS - WAFFLES\nLOBSTERS ANY STYLE\nFRIED CLAMS TO TAKE OUT\nSALT WATER KISSES AND FUDGE FRESH DAILY\nWE MAKE OUR OWN PASTRY\nThe second photograph is an interior shot of the restaurant with (9) people. These are believed to be the owners, waitresses, and soda jerks. The photo has some old damage but there is still a lot of detail. At the back of the bar is a large old Coca-Cola display sign and a few smaller signs. On the counter is a ''SCHULER'S'' display case and other displays filled with candy or salt water taffy. There are also rolled mints and maybe gum at the right. At the left in the foreground are packages and bottles of Vermont Maple Syrup and Maple Sugar Candies. There is a sign with prices above them. There is a large clock on the back wall and two signs. One is a Special Menu and the other advertises Chop Suey. The waitresses are in uniform and the soda jerk is wearing an apron. There is also an old electric fan on the counter and glass light fixtures..\nThe third photograph is another interior photo. This one has (11) people believed to be the owners, waitresses, and soda jerks. This photo has some of the same things as the last and some addtional features. This one has a sign in the back that reads ''MAIL HOME A BOX - AUNT MARTHA'S HOME MADE KISSES''. There are hanging glass light fixtures, a large clock on the wall, a ''CHOP SUEY'' sign, a ''WAFFLES'' sign, and another sign. High on the back wall are light up numbers for the waitresses. On the counter there is a light, napkin holder, candy bowl, Candy jar, a straw jar, and bags of candies. The left hand side of the picture below there is light glare that is not on the photo.\nThe fourth photograph was taken in the kitchen. It has (6) people including the owners and cooks. In the photo there is the stoves, grill, shelves, meat slicer, plates, pots, pans, light fixtures, bowl, and some advertising packages including a Quaker Oats can, Corn Starch, Baking Soda, Phillies Cigar box, and more.\nEach of the photographs (not counting the matt boards) measure about 7'' x 5''. They are in various conditions with wear as pictured. Below here is an article that was found with some historical reference to Aunt Martha's:\nAunt Martha's a Cape Neddick fixture\nBy Peter A. Moore\nYork Weekly, York, Maine\nAunt Martha's Dining Room and Luncheonette, which was located on U.S. Route 1, in Cape Neddick, about halfway between Mountain Road and Logging Road. When this photo was taken gasoline was selling for 21 cents per gallon, a far cry from today's prices. The building, which has not been used for many years now, still stands today, and it was last used as the Surfwood Restaurant.\nFrom the mid 1920s until 1960 there was a restaurant on U.S. Route 1, in Cape Neddick, called Aunt Martha's. It was located about halfway between Mountain Road and Logging Road. Before it was Aunt Martha's it was a roadside stand known as Anchor Grove, which offered the traveling public a place to eat, get gasoline, or to stay overnight in one of the rental cottages on the property.\nAround 1924 the property was purchased by Mr. and Mrs. George E. Atherton. I base this on the fact that the first time the Athertons appear in the York Town Report, as non-resident taxpayers, is in the 1925 town report, which covered the year period ending Feb. 12, 1925. After purchasing the property, the Athertons changed the name to Aunt Martha's, possibly after George's Aunt of the same name. The restaurant was one of the few good eating places between Boston and Portland, and it was well advertised in the Boston papers and it did a lively business.\nThere were many different views of the restaurant, which the Athertons made into post cards. Each card had the following, written on the back of the card. ''One of the most beautiful spots on the Maine highway, U.S. Route 1, between York and Ogunquit was Aunt Martha's Lunch and Dining Room. We serve from a sandwich to a full course dinner. Stop on your way up or down. Our cooking and refrigeration are done by electricity; pastry, bread, rolls, ice cream, and candies are made fresh daily on the premises. Banquets and parties can be arranged by telephoning York 8124R, Manager George E. Atherton, Cape Neddick, Maine.''\nIn 1945 the business was taken over by Atherton's daughter, Beatrice Kendall. Her husband, George, did the cooking, and Bea, as she was known, added a candy shop. When George died, Bea struggled to operate the business by herself. In 1960, she sold the property to June Collopy, and one of the stipulations of the sale was not use the name of Aunt Martha's. The name was changed to Surfwood Restaurant. Major renovations were required because the building was in poor condition. The restaurant operated summers for about 10 years. It has not been used for several years now.\nFri, Jan 28, 2022 at 20:25:52 [ 22 0.06 0.06]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line154545"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6022593379020691,"wiki_prob":0.6022593379020691,"text":"Home > School, College, or Department > CLAS > Systems Science > Systems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series > 95\nSystems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series\nHelping Scientists Connect Their Datasets\nDavid Maier, Portland State UniversityFollow\nDownload (404.8 MB)\nDownload Captions file (77 KB)\nScientific datasets associated with a research project can proliferate over time as a result of activities such as sharing datasets among collaborators, extending existing ones with new measurements, and extracting subsets of data for analysis. As such datasets begin to accumulate, it becomes increasingly difficult for a scientist to keep track of their derivation history, which complicates data sharing, provenance tracking, and scientific reproducibility. Understanding what relationships exist between datasets can help scientists recall their original derivation history. For instance, if dataset A is contained in dataset B, then the connection between A and B could be that A was extended to create B. In our initial work, we developed a set of relevant relationships, proposed the relationship-identification methodology for testing relationships between pairs of datasets, developed a set of algorithms for efficient discovery of these relationships, and organized these algorithms into a new system called ReConnect to assist scientists in relationship discovery. We evaluated existing alternative approaches that rely on flagging differences between two spreadsheets and found that they were impractical for many relationship-discovery tasks. Additionally, a user study showed that ReConnect can improve scientists' ability to detect useful relationships between datasets. While ReConnect helps with identifying relationships between two datasets, it is infeasible for scientists to use it for determining relationships between all possible pairs in a large collection. In this talk, we introduce an end-to-end prototype system, ReDiscover, that identifies, from a collection of datasets, the pairs that are most likely related. Our preliminarily evaluation shows that ReDiscover can predict selected relationships with high precision and within reasonable computational cost.\nDavid Maier is Maseeh Professor of Emerging Technologies at Portland State University. Prior to his current position, he was on the faculty at SUNY Stony Brook and Oregon Graduate Institute. He has spent extended visits with INRIA, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Microsoft Research and National University of Singapore. He is the author of books on relational databases, logic programming and object-oriented databases, as well as many papers in database theory, object-oriented technology, scientific databases and data-stream processing. He received the Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foundation in 1984 and was awarded the 1997 SIGMOD Innovations Award for his contributions in objects and databases. He is also an ACM Fellow and IEEE Senior Member and serves on the Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications at The National Academies. He holds a dual B.A. in Mathematics and in Computer Science from the University of Oregon (Honors Col lege, 1974) and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from Princeton University (1978).\nScience -- Data processing, Database management, Data sets -- Management, Big data, Data mining -- Algorithms\nDatabases and Information Systems | Data Science\nMaier, David, \"Helping Scientists Connect Their Datasets\" (2016). Systems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series. 95.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1049093"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8952671885490417,"wiki_prob":0.8952671885490417,"text":"Gary May: \"George Floyd could have been me\"\nEECS alumnus Gary S. May (M.S. '88/Ph.D. '91, advisor: Costas Spanos), the first Black chancellor of UC Davis, has penned an op-ed for the San Francisco Chronicle titled \"UC Davis chancellor: George Floyd could have been me\" in which he observes that \"at a traffic stop, no one knows I am a chancellor. No one knows I have a doctorate.\" He explains that building an inclusive society that recognizes and respects people of all socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds, and a wide variety of political views, gender identities, and personal experiences, will increase our capacity to \"make discoveries and solve problems.\" \"It requires collective effort,\" he writes. \"It requires each one of us, in our own way, working to make a difference, whether that’s through video recording, peaceful protest or working to change procedures that reflect bias.\"\nSan Francisco Chronicle: UC Davis chancellor: George Floyd could have been me\nEden McEwen awarded SPIE 2020 Optics and Photonics Education Scholarship\nEden McEwen, a fourth year undergraduate double-majoring in Computer Science and Physics, has been awarded a 2020 Optics and Photonics Education Scholarship by the international Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), for her potential contributions to the field of optics and photonics. McEwen's research interests focus on predictive control and hardware design of adaptive optics systems for ground based astronomical observing in the optical and near-infrared. She has worked with groups at Berkeley, Keck II Observatory, NASA JPL, Caltech, and the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy. McEwen is a 2020 Goldwater Scholar and hopes to continue her studies in optics with a graduate degree in astrophysics.\nEden McEwen\nSPIE Scholarship Program\nOlivia Hsu to give speech at national IEEE-HKN virtual graduation celebration\nEECS alumna Olivia Hsu (B.S. '19) will be giving a speech at the national 2020 IEEE-Eta Kappa Nu (HKN) virtual graduation celebration on Saturday, May 30, 2020. Hsu is the winner of the 2019 IEEE-HKN Alton B. Zerby and Carl T. Koerner Outstanding Electrical or Computer Engineering Student of the Year Award, and is the representative for the Mu (Berkeley) Chapter, which has won the IEEE-HKN Outstanding Chapter Award every year since 2001. While at Berkeley, Hsu co-founded the student group Space Technologies at Cal (STAC) and won the 2019 EECS Arthur M. Hopkin award, which recognizes outstanding EE undergraduates who \"demonstrate seriousness of purpose and high academic achievement.\" She is currently pursuing a Ph.D. at Stanford with a focus on computer architecture, digital circuits, and computer systems. IEEE-HKN will host the event for the first time this year in place of the campus commencement ceremonies which have been cancelled nationwide.\nIEEE-HKN Online Graduation Celebration Registration\n11 EECS faculty among the top 100 most cited CS scholars in 2020\nThe EECS department has eleven faculty members who rank among the top 100 most cited computer science & electronics scholars in the world. UC Berkeley ranked #4 in the global list of universities with the highest number of influential scholars in 2020 (35, up from 24 in 2018). Profs. Michael Jordan, Scott Shenker, Ion Stoica, Jitendra Malik, Trevor Darrell, David Culler, Shankar Sastry, Randy Katz, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Lotfi Zadeh and Dawn Song all ranked in the top 100 with an H-index score of 110 or higher, a measure that reflects the number of influential documents they have authored. Jordan ranks fourth in the world, with an H-index of 166 and 177,961 citations. The H-index is computed as the number h of papers receiving at least h citations among the top 6000 scientist profiles in the Google Scholars database.\nGuide2Research: Ranking for Computer Science & Electronics\nMark Hopkins appointed to Reed faculty\nCS alumnus Mark Hopkins (B.A. CS '00) has been appointed to a tenure-track position in the department of Computer Science at Reed College in Oregon. He will be part of the division of Mathematical and Natural Resources where he will study uncertain reasoning and machine learning, with a particular interest in how these can be applied to computational linguistics. Hopkins earned his Ph.D. from UCLA in 2005 and had managed Project Euclid at the Allen Institute of Artificial Intelligence (AI2) in Washington state before being hired as a visiting associate professor at Reed in 2018.\nCelebrate 2020 EECS Graduates on Tuesday, May 19\nThe College of Engineering will be hosting a Celebration of Graduates on Tuesday, May 19, 2020. The site will go live at 9 a.m. and visitors will be allowed to engage with the content as they wish. The online, self-guided program is intended to acknowledge and celebrate our graduates’ accomplishments and will include recorded video remarks from the dean, department chairs and other speakers, as well as personalized slides for each graduate. Plans for a formal graduation ceremony will be announced at a later date. Congratulations messages to graduates posted on social media using the hashtag #becelebration2020 will appear on the celebration site. Contact bears@berkeley.edu for more information.\nBerkeley Engineering: Celebration of 2020 Graduates\nBerkeley EE and CE grad programs rank 1 and 2 in 2021 US News & World Report\nBerkeley Electrical Engineering ranked #1, and Computer Engineering ranked #2, in the 2021 US News and World Report graduate school rankings. EE tied with MIT and Stanford as the top graduate Electrical/Electronic/Communications Engineering program in the nation, while Computer Engineering tied in second place with Stanford after MIT. It should be noted that tuition for both MIT's and Stanford's Master's programs come to over $53.4K annually, while Berkeley's costs $11.4K in-state and $26.5 out-of-state per year. Berkeley was ranked as the third best Engineering school overall.\nBerkeley Engineering: New rankings show Berkeley still has top public engineering graduate program\nChenming Hu donates IEEE Medal of Honor winnings to EECS department\nEE Prof. and alumnus Chenming Hu (M.S. '70, Ph.D. '73), who won the 2020 IEEE Medal of Honor, has chosen to donate his $50K prize to the EECS department. Hu, who was cited “for a distinguished career of developing and putting into practice semiconductor models, particularly 3D device structures, that have helped keep Moore’s Law going over many decades,\" is also the subject of an IEEE Spectrum article. He was hired on the Berkeley faculty in 1976 and has been called the \"Father of the 3D Transistor\" due to his development of the Fin Field Effect Transistor in 1999. Intel, the first company to implement FinFETs in its products, called the invention the most radical shift in semiconductor technology in more than 50 years.\nIEEE Spectrum: IEEE Medal of Honor Goes to Transistor Pioneer Chenming Hu\nUC Berkeley ranked one of the best colleges for Electrical Engineering in 2020 by Gradreports\nUC Berkeley ranked a very close second on Gradreports' list of \"25 Best Colleges for Electrical Engineering 2020.\" The rankings are based on the median salary of students who graduated with a B.S. in EE one year after college. Graduates of MIT and Berkeley both earned a median salary of $116,600 but the median debt carried by MIT students was $614 less than that of Berkeley (at $14,347). By contrast, graduates of third-ranked Carnegie Mellon earned median salaries that were $17,600 less than Berkeley salaries, and carried $9,424 more in debt. Gradreports' methodology was based on data reported by the US Department of Education in November 2019.\nGradreports: 25 Best Colleges for Electrical Engineering 2020\nAccel Scholars offers industry-oriented opportunities for undergrads\nThe Accel Scholars program, a joint venture between Silicon Valley venture capital firm Accel and the EECS Department, was created to empower undergraduate engineering and computer science students by providing access to Silicon Valley leadership, personalized mentorship, and an industry-relevant curriculum that covers topics not generally taught in class— like how to grow a career, how to build a professional network, and how to raise money to start a company. Accel Scholars is open to all Berkeley undergraduates who have demonstrated leadership, excellence in their pursuits, and/or a deep passion for a particular area of their discipline. Apply by visiting the Accel Scholars page on the EECS website until April 5, 2020.\nBerkeley EECS: Accel Scholars","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line384764"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.915645956993103,"wiki_prob":0.915645956993103,"text":"Emma Elizabeth Paige Fillerup\nEmma E. Fillerup\nGraveside services for Emma E. Fillerup, 79, will be held at 1 p.m. Saturday, Dec. 5, 1992, at the Lusk Cemetery in Lusk, Wyo. Fillerup died Sunday, Nov. 22, 1992, at the Goshen Care Center in Torrington. She was cremated at Scottsbluff, Neb.\nMemorial gifts to the Goshen Care Center or the Memorial Rose Garden at Community Hospital in Torrington would by appreciated by the family.\nEmma Elizabeth Paige Wilson was born May 3, 1913, at Omaha, Neb. She grew up and received her education in Manville, Wyo., where she graduated in the class of 1932. In 1932 she married Christian Jassmann at Lusk and they ranched north of Lusk for many years. She had been affiliated with the Baptist Church and she was a past member of the Rebekah Lodge #12 at Lusk. In 1985 she moved to Torrington where she has been a resident of Goshen Care Center.\nSurvivors include her four children with her first husband: three daughters, Helen Mae Moriarty of Sheridan, Wyo.; Mary Ann Hart of Gillette, Wyo. and Judith Valerie Lamb of Torrington; a son, David Ray Jassmann of Lusk; two sisters, Gertrude Ruffing of Lusk and Shirley Wolf of Krakow, Wisc.; eight grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.\nShe was preceded in death by her parents, Ray O. Wilson, Iva Paige Wilson and Fred L. Paige; two brothers, Merton Wilson and Fred Leon Paige and one granddaughter, Kimberly Jassmann.\nThe Colyer Funeral Home in Torrington and the Bader-Peet Mortuary in Lusk are in charge of arrangements.\nPhoto courtesy of the Joshua Brackett Eagle Scout Project\nObituary Avenell, Harry (02/03/1891 - 07/02/1967) View Record\nObituary Avenell, Ann (02/08/1902 - 01/07/1991) View Record\nObituary Smith, Patricia (09/26/1931 - 05/26/2006) View Record\nObituary Jordan, Neil (08/06/1974 - 06/03/1995) View Record\nObituary Nuxoll, Thelma (09/27/1918 - 02/24/1975) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Elizabeth (10/19/1917 - 08/05/1995) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Kenneth (05/07/1934 - 07/11/1987) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Robert (07/21/1912 - 10/12/1989) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Sophia (12/02/1913 - 10/27/1976) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Adam (05/24/1910 - 04/06/2004) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Albert (12/15/1914 - 09/19/1982) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Charles (05/12/1907 - 03/20/1988) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Christian (11/02/1872 - 06/15/1957) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Gertrude (12/01/1916 - 04/02/1998) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Henry (06/15/1905 - 05/25/1964) View Record\nObituary Wilson, Raymond (04/09/1884 - 08/16/1956) View Record\nObituary Wilson, Iva (08/06/1892 - 02/11/1973) View Record\nObituary Wilson, Merton (04/21/1915 - 09/19/1986) View Record\nObituary Jassman, Christian (08/16/1905 - 05/05/1976) View Record\nObituary Wilson, Francis (03/27/1876 - 09/29/1949) View Record\nObituary Plant, Luella (05/21/1903 - 01/19/1952) View Record\nObituary Erny, Hubertina (11/03/1900 - 10/17/2004) View Record\nObituary Shepard, Mary (05/04/1883 - 04/09/1972) View Record\nObituary Daley, Edward (01/12/1868 - 12/30/1945) View Record\nObituary Daley, Edwin (07/21/1903 - 07/22/1903) View Record\nObituary Daley, Frank (11/30/1897 - 10/26/1918) View Record\nObituary Wilson, Marcellus (07/11/1848 - 06/20/1934) View Record\nObituary Miller, Thomas (05/28/1931 - 06/01/2005) View Record\nObituary Miller, Lee (03/28/1900 - 08/18/1974) View Record\nObituary Miller, Marie (04/14/1905 - 03/18/1984) View Record\nObituary Miller, William (09/15/1891 - 05/30/1987) View Record\nObituary Miller, Ruth (08/10/1901 - 04/12/1982) View Record\nObituary Miller, Margaret (08/07/1896 - 10/08/1948) View Record\nObituary Daley, Daniel (11/09/1832 - 07/09/1900) View Record\nObituary Miller, Elizabeth (04/13/1871 - 10/13/1953) View Record\nObituary Wilson, Minerva (02/24/1854 - 07/07/1936) View Record\nObituary Lamb, Jerry (08/24/1962 - 11/12/2011) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Lawrence (01/10/1940 - 01/10/1940) View Record\nObituary Buchholz, August (01/25/1888 - 09/26/1945) View Record\nObituary Buchholz, Katrina (03/10/1845 - 03/23/1925) View Record\nObituary Green, J. Jeanne (12/23/1927 - 07/20/1991) View Record\nObituary Smith, Charles (06/05/1930 - 07/11/2012) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Brian (11/23/1969 - 09/12/2012) View Record\nObituary Jugler, James (07/06/1939 - 01/10/2014) View Record\nObituary Jugler, George (10/22/1934 - 05/30/2006) View Record\nObituary Hart, Mary (02/19/1937 - 01/24/2015) View Record\nObituary Jugler, Kathryn (11/01/1912 - 04/12/2003) View Record\nObituary Jugler, Ernest (06/10/1904 - 12/31/1957) View Record\nObituary Jugler, Jeffrey (03/10/1963 - 07/03/1969) View Record\nObituary Jassmann, John (12/25/1875 - 08/22/1949) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, Peter (11/30/1865 - 07/08/1953) View Record\nObituary Ruffing, William (06/28/1951 - 03/09/2008) View Record","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line176478"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9943845272064209,"wiki_prob":0.9943845272064209,"text":"White Home secures offers for 200 million extra doses\nBy On Feb 11, 2021\nPresident Joe Biden makes brief remarks before signing several immigration control bylaws for his administration in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, DC on February 2, 2021.\nDoug Mills | Getty Images\nPresident Joe Biden announced Thursday that his administration had signed contracts for an additional 200 million doses of Covid-19 vaccine, bringing the US total to 600 million.\n“We just signed the final contracts for 100 million more Moderna and 100 million more Pfizer vaccines just this afternoon,” said Biden on Thursday during a tour of the National Institutes of Health in late July.\nThe Washington Post reported the news first. Previously, White House Chief of Staff Ron Klain appeared to confirm the news and retweet the Post story from his official White House Twitter account.\nSince both Pfizer and Moderna approved vaccines require two doses three to four weeks apart, a total of 600 million doses would be enough to vaccinate 300 million people.\nBiden is trying to accelerate the pace of vaccination in the US after a slower-than-expected rollout under the administration of former President Donald Trump. Around 34.7 million out of around 331 million Americans have received at least their first dose of a Covid vaccine, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. And 11.2 million of those people have already got their second shot.\nThe schedule for delivering the additional doses was not immediately clear.\nEach company will leverage US-based manufacturing capabilities to “fill, finish, and ship vials while the bulk goods are manufactured,” according to a separate statement from the Department of Health and Human Services.\nPfizer has already signed a contract with the US to supply 200 million cans. The company announced earlier this month that it plans to complete these shipments by May, earlier than originally forecast in July. Moderna also has a US contract for 200 million cans.\nStates have complained that the demand for vaccines is exceeding supply. The government previously stated that it is using the Defense Manufacturing Act to help Pfizer meet its manufacturing goals for its vaccine.\nIn addition to securing more doses for states, the Biden government is using the military to aid in the administration of doses and establishing mass vaccination centers in the United States.\nOn Wednesday, the government announced it would work with Texas officials to build three new community vaccination centers in Dallas, Arlington and Houston. A few days earlier, the government had announced that it would send troops on active duty to California to help vaccination centers for Covid-19 employees.\nU.S. officials also hope vaccine supplies will increase after Johnson & Johnson’s Covid-19 vaccine is emergency approved by the Food and Drug Administration, which could happen as early as this month. The FDA scheduled a meeting of its Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Related Biological Products on February 26th to discuss the vaccine. The US could approve the vaccine the next day.\nThe Department of Health and Human Services announced in August that it had signed a deal with Janssen, J & J’s pharmaceutical subsidiary, worth approximately $ 1 billion for 100 million doses of its vaccine. The deal gives the federal government the opportunity to order another 200 million cans, according to the announcement.\nDealsdosesHousemillionsecuresWhite\nTilray, Zillow, Sonos, Zynga and extra\n175 Pediatric Illness Specialists: It’s Now Protected Sufficient to Open Elementary Faculties","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line771450"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6327077746391296,"wiki_prob":0.6327077746391296,"text":"Losing the UEFA Europa League on the Legal Turf: Parma FC’s bitter defeat by Giandonato Marino\n6. June 2014 Antoine Duval International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nThis year the race for UEFA Europa League places in Serie A was thrilling. In the final minutes of the last game of the season, Alessio Cerci, Torino FC striker, had the opportunity to score a penalty that would have qualified his team to the 2014-2015 edition of the UEFA Europa League. However, he missed and Parma FC qualified instead. More...\nOlympic Agenda 2020: Window Dressing or New Beginning?\n4. June 2014 Antoine Duval (0)\nShortly after his election as IOC President, Thomas Bach announced his intention to initiate an introspective reflection and reform cycle dubbed (probably a reference to former German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder’s publicly praised Agenda 2010) the Olympic Agenda 2020. The showdown of a year of intense brainstorming is to take place in the beginning of December 2014 during an IOC extraordinary session, in which fundamental reforms are expected. More...\nThe French collective agreement for professional Rugby tackled by Kelsen’s Pyramid - Guest Post by Patrick Millot\n28. May 2014 Antoine Duval International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nPursuant to Kelsen’s famous pyramid, the authority of norms may be ranked according to their sources: Constitution is above the Law, which is in turn superior to the Regulations, which themselves stand higher to the Collective Agreement etc…Under French labour law, this ranking can however be challenged by a “principle of favourable treatment” which allows a norm from a lower rank to validly derogate from a superior norm, if (and only if) this derogation benefits to the workers.\nOn 2 April 2014, the Cour de Cassation (the French Highest Civil Court) considered that these principles apply in all fields of labour law, regardless of the specificity of sport[1]. In this case, Mr. Orene Ai’i, a professional rugby player, had signed on 13 July 2007 an employment contract with the Rugby Club Toulonnais (RCT) for two sport seasons with effect on 1 July 2007. More...\nQuantifying the Court of Arbitration for Sport - By Antoine Duval & Giandonato Marino\n23. May 2014 Antoine Duval International Sports Law Commentaries, International Sports Law Material (0)\nGraph 1: Number of Cases submitted to CAS (CAS Satistics)\nDahmane v KRC Genk: A Rough Translation\n22. May 2014 Oskar van Maren International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Material (0)\nDahmane v KRC GENK\nCourt of Labour of Antwerp (Hasselt district) 6 May 2014\nChamber 2\nAlgemeen rolnummer 2009/AH/199\nThe Facts More...\nUEFA may have won a battle, but it has not won the legal war over FFP\n21. May 2014 Antoine Duval International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nYesterday, the press revealed that the European Commission decided to reject the complaint filed by Jean-Louis Dupont, the former lawyer of Bosman, on behalf of a player agent Striani, against the UEFA Financial Fair Play (FFP) Regulations. The rejection as such is not a surprise. The Commission had repeatedly expressed support of the principles underlying the UEFA FFP. While these statements were drafted vaguely and with enough heavy caveats to protect the Commission from prejudicing a proper legal assessment, the withdrawal of its support would have been politically embarrassing.\nContrary to what is now widely assumed, this decision does not entail that UEFA FFP regulations are compatible with EU Competition Law. UEFA is clearly the big victor, but the legal reality is more complicated as it looks. More...\nThe Nine FFP Settlement Agreements: UEFA did not go the full nine yards\n19. May 2014 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nThe UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations have been implemented by UEFA since the season 2011/12 with the aim of encouraging responsible spending by clubs for the long-term benefit of football. However, the enforcement of the break-even requirement as defined in Articles 62 and 63 of the Regulations (arguably the most important rules of FFP) has only started this year. Furthermore, UEFA introduced recently amendments to the Procedural rules governing the Club Financial Control Body (CFCB) allowing settlement agreements to be made between the clubs and the CFCB.\nOn Friday 16 May, UEFA finally published the nine separate settlement agreements between the respective clubs and the CFCB regarding the non-compliance with the Financial Fair Play (FFP) break-even requirements. More...\nFFP the Day After : Five (more or less realistic) Scenarios\n17. May 2014 Antoine Duval Blog, International Sports Law Commentaries, International Sports Law Publications (0)\nYesterday, UEFA published the very much-expected settlements implementing its Financial Fair Play (FFP) regulations. Today, we address tomorrow’s challenges for FFP, we offer five, more or less realistic, scenarios sketching the (legal) future of the FFP regulations. More...\nDahmane v KRC Genk: Bosman 2.0 or Storm in a Teacup?\n14. May 2014 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nMohamed Dahmane is a professional football player of French-Algerian origin, who has played for a variety of European clubs, including French club US Mauberge, Belgian club RAEC Mons and Turkish club Bucaspor. However, he will mostly be remembered as the player whose legal dispute with his former club (Belgian club KRC Genk) revived the debate on football players’ labour rights. More...\nGet Up, Stand Up at the Olympics. A review of the IOC's policy towards political statements by Athletes. By Frédérique Faut\n9. May 2014 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nThe Olympic Games are a universal moment of celebration of sporting excellence. But, attention is also quickly drawn to their dark side, such as environmental issues, human rights breaches and poor living conditions of people living near the Olympic sites. In comparison, however, little commentary space is devoted to the views of athletes, the people making the Olympics. This article tries to remediate this, by focussing on Rule 50 of the Olympic Charter which prevents athletes from freely expressing their (political) thoughts. More...\n11. November 2021 Antoine Duval International Sports Law Events, International Sports Law Material (0)\n11. November 2021 Antoine Duval Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries, International Sports Law Publications (0)\nEditor's note: Jeremy Abel is a recent graduate of the LL.M in International Business Law and Sports of the University of Lausanne.\nThe famous South African athlete Caster Semenya is in the last lap of her long legal battle for her right to run without changing the natural testosterone in her body. After losing her cases before the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) and the Swiss Federal Tribunal, she filed an application before the European Court of Human Rights (Court). In the meantime, the Court has released a summary of her complaint and a series of questions addressed to the parties of the case.\nAs is well known, she is challenging the World Athletics�� Eligibility Regulations for the Female Classification (Regulations) defining the conditions under which female and intersex athletes with certain types of differences of sex development (DSDs) can compete in international athletics events. Despite the Regulations emanating from World Athletics, the last round of her legal battle is against a new opponent: Switzerland.\nThe purpose of this article is to revisit the Semenya case from a European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) perspective while considering certain excellent points made by previous contributors (see here, here and here) to this blog. Therefore, the blog will follow the basic structure of an ECHR case. The following issues raised by Semenya shall be analysed: the applicability of the ECHR, Semenya’s right to private life (Article 8 ECHR) and to non discrimination (Article 14 ECHR), as well as the proportionality of the Regulations. More...\n11. November 2021 Antoine Duval International Sports Law Events (0)\nSport events, especially when they are of a global scale, have been facing more and more questions about their impact on local communities, the environment, and human rights.\nIt has become clear that their social legitimacy is not a given, but must be earned by showing that sport events can positively contribute to society. During this half-day conference, we will debate the proposal of a European Social Charter for Sport Events in order to achieve this goal.\nIn January 2021, a consortium of eight partners launched a three-year project, supported by the European Commission under the Erasmus+ scheme, aimed at devising a European Social Charter for Sport Events (ESCSE). The project ambitions to develop a Charter which will contribute to ensuring that sport events taking place in the European Union are socially beneficial to the local communities concerned and, more generally, to those affected by them. The project is directly inspired by the decision of the Paris 2024 bid to commit to a social charter enforced throughout the preparation and the course of the 2024 Olympics.\nThis first public event in the framework of the ESCSE project, will be introducing the project to a wider public. During the event we will review the current state of the implementation of the Paris 2024 Social Charter, discuss the expectations of stakeholders and academics for a European Social Charter and present for feedback the first draft of the ESCSE (and its implementing guidelines) developed by the project members. It will be a participatory event; we welcome input from the participants.\nThe Asser International Sports Law Centre, powered by the Asser Institute, is contributing to the project through the drafting of a background study, which we will introduce during the conference.\nPlease note that we can provide some financial support (up to 100 euros) towards travel and/or accommodation costs for a limited number of participants coming from other EU Member States or the UK. To apply for this financial support please reach out to ConferenceManager@asser.nl. `\n11. November 2021 Antoine Duval (0)\nOn Thursday 14 October 2021 from 16.00-17.30 CET, the Asser International Sports Law Centre, in collaboration with Dr Marjolaine Viret (University of Lausanne), will be launching the second season of the Zoom-In webinar series, with a first episode on Diversity at the Court of Arbitration for Sport: Time for a Changing of the Guard?\nThe Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) is a well-known mainstay of global sport. It has the exclusive competence over challenges against decisions taken by most international sports governing bodies and its jurisprudence covers a wide range of issues (doping, corruption, match-fixing, financial fair play, transfer or selection disputes) including disciplinary sanctions and governance disputes. In recent years, the CAS has rendered numerous awards which triggered world-wide public interest, such as in the Semenya v World Athletics case or the case between WADA and RUSADA resulting from the Russian doping scandal (we discussed both cases in previous Zoom-In discussion available here and here). In short, the CAS has tremendous influence on the shape of global sport and its governance.\nHowever, as we will discuss during this webinar, recent work has shown that the arbitrators active at the CAS are hardly reflective of the diversity of people its decisions ultimately affect. This in our view warrants raising the question of the (urgent) need to change the (arbitral) guard at the CAS. To address these issues with us, we have invited two speakers who have played an instrumental role in putting numbers on impressions widely shared by those in contact with the CAS: Prof. Johan Lindholm (Umea University) and attorney-at-law Lisa Lazarus (Morgan Sports Law). Johan recently published a ground-breaking monograph on The Court of Arbitration for Sport and Its Jurisprudence in which he applies empirical and quantitative methods to analyse the work of the CAS. This included studying the sociological characteristics of CAS arbitrators. Lisa and her colleagues at Morgan Sports Law very recently released a blog post on Arbitrator Diversity at the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which reveals a stunning lack of diversity (based on their calculations, 4,5% of appointed CAS arbitrators are female and 0,2% are black) at the institution ruling over global sport.\nProf. Johan Lindholm (Umea University)\nLisa Lazarus (Morgan Sports Law)\nDr Antoine Duval (Asser Institute)\nDr Marjolaine Viret (University of Lausanne/PMA Avocats)\nRegister for free HERE.\nZoom In webinar series\nIn December 2020, The Asser International Sports Law Centre in collaboration with Dr Marjolaine Viret launched a new series of zoom webinars on transnational sports law: Zoom In. You can watch the video recordings of our past Zoom In webinars on the Asser Institute’s Youtube Channel.\n11. October 2021 Antoine Duval Asser International Sports Law Blog | Our International Sports Law Diary <br/>The <a href=\"http://www.sportslaw.nl\" target=\"_blank\">Asser International Sports Law Centre</a> is part of the <a href=\"https://www.asser.nl/\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"/sportslaw/blog/media/logo_asser_horizontal.jpg\" style=\"vertical-align: bottom; margin-left: 7px;width: 140px\" alt=\"T.M.C. Asser Instituut\" /></a>\nAnd I dread, dread to think what the future /li>\nhttp://www.gopixpic.com/600/buscar%C3%A1n-el-amor-verdadero-nueva-novela-de-televisa/http:%7C%7Cassets*zocalo*com*mx%7Cuploads%7Carticles%7C5%7C134666912427*jpg/\nThe European Commission’s ISU antitrust investigation explained. By Ben Van Rompuy\n5. October 2015 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nIn June 2014, two prominent Dutch speed skaters, Mark Tuitert (Olympic Champion 1500m) and Niels Kerstholt (World Champion short track), filed a competition law complaint against the International Skating Union (ISU) with the European Commission.\nChanceToCompeteTwitter.png (50.4KB)\nToday, the European Commission announced that it has opened a formal antitrust investigation into International Skating Union (ISU) rules that permanently ban skaters from competitions such as the Winter Olympics and the ISU World and European Championships if they take part in events not organised or promoted by the ISU. The Commissioner for Competition, Margrethe Vestager, stated that the Commission \"will investigate if such rules are being abused to enforce a monopoly over the organisation of sporting events or otherwise restrict competition. Athletes can only compete at the highest level for a limited number of years, so there must be good reasons for preventing them to take part in events.\"\nSince the case originates from legal advice provided by the ASSER International Sports Law Centre, we thought it would be helpful to provide some clarifications on the background of the case and the main legal issues at stake. More...\nInterview with Wil van Megen (Legal Director of FIFPro) on FIFPro’s EU Competition Law complaint against the FIFA Transfer System\nWil is working as a lawyer since 1980. He started his legal career at Rechtshulp Rotterdam. Later on he worked for the Dutch national trade union FNV and law firm Varrolaan Advocaten. Currently he is participating in the Labour Law Section of lawfirm MHZ-advocaten in Schiedam in the Netherlands. He is also a member of a joint committee advising the government in labour issues.\nSince 1991 he is dealing with the labour issues of the trade union for professional football players VVCS and cyclists’ union VVBW. Since 2002, he works for FIFPro, the worldwide union for professional football players based in Hoofddorp in the Netherlands. He is involved in many international football cases and provides legal support for FIFPro members all over the world. Wil was also involved in the FIFPro Black Book campaign on match fixing and corruption in Eastern Europe. More...\nThe Scala reform proposals for FIFA: Old wine in new bottles?\n29. September 2015 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nRien ne va plus at FIFA. The news that FIFA’s Secretary General Jérôme Valcke was put on leave and released from his duties has been quickly overtaken by the opening of a criminal investigation targeting both Blatter and Platini.\nWith FIFA hopping from one scandal to the next, one tends to disregard the fact that it has been attempting (or rather pretending) to improve the governance of the organisation for some years now. In previous blogs (here and here), we discussed the so-called ‘FIFA Governance Reform Project’, a project carried out by the Independent Governance Committee (IGC) under the leadership of Prof. Dr. Mark Pieth of the Basel Institute on Governance. Their third and final report, published on 22 April 2014, listed a set of achievements made by FIFA in the area of good governance since 2011, such as establishing an Audit and Compliance Committee (A&C). However, the report also indicated the reform proposals that FIFA had not met. These proposals included the introduction of term limits for specific FIFA officials (e.g. the President) as well as introducing an integrity review procedure for all the members of the Executive Committee (ExCo) and the Standing Committees. More...\nWhy the CAS #LetDuteeRun: the Proportionality of the Regulation of Hyperandrogenism in Athletics by Piotr Drabik\nPiotr is an intern at the ASSER International Sports Law Centre.\nOn 24 July the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) issued its decision in the proceedings brought by the Indian athlete Ms. Dutee Chand against the Athletics Federation of India (AFI) and the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) in which she challenged the validity of the IAAF Regulations Governing Eligibility of Female with Hyperandrogenism to Compete in Women’s Competition (Regulations). The Regulations were established in 2011 as a response to the controversies surrounding South African athlete Caster Semenya (see e.g. here, here, and here), and for the purpose of safeguarding fairness in sport by prohibiting women with hyperandrogenism, i.e. those with excessive levels of endogenous (naturally occurring) testosterone, from competing in women athletics competitions. Owing to the subject-matter that the Regulations cover, the case before the CAS generated complex legal, scientific and ethical questions. The following case note thus aims at explaining how the Panel addressed the issues raised by the Indian athlete. It follows a previous blog we published in December 2014 that analysed the arguments raised in favour of Ms. Chand. More...\nNot comfortably satisfied? The upcoming Court of Arbitration for Sport case of the thirty-four current and former players of the Essendon football club. By James Kitching\n4. September 2015 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (1)\nEditor's note: James Kitching is Legal Counsel and Secretary to the AFC judicial bodies at the Asian Football Confederation. James is an Australian and Italian citizen and one of the few Australians working in international sports law. He is admitted as barrister and solicitor in the Supreme Court of South Australia. James graduated from the International Master in the Management, Law, and Humanities of Sport offered by the Centre International d'Etude du Sport in July 2012.\nOn 12 May 2015, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) announced that the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) had filed an appeal against the decision issued by the Australian Football League (AFL) Anti-Doping Tribunal (AADT) that thirty-four current and former players of Essendon Football Club (Essendon) had not committed any anti-doping rule violation (ADRV) identified within the AFL Anti-Doping Code (AADC). The players had each been charged with using Thymosin-Beta 4 (TB4) during the 2012 AFL season.\nOn 1 June 2015, WADA announced that it had filed an appeal against the decision by the AADT to clear Mr. Stephen Dank (Dank), a sports scientist employed at Essendon during the relevant period, of twenty-one charges of violating the AADC. Dank was, however, found guilty of ten charges and banned for life.\nThis blog will solely discuss the likelihood of the first AADT decision (the Decision) being overturned by the CAS. It will briefly summarise the facts, discuss the applicable rules and decision of the AADT, review similar cases involving ‘non-analytical positive’ ADRVs relating to the use of a prohibited substance or a prohibited method, and examine whether the Code of Sports-related Arbitration (CAS Code) is able to assist WADA in its appeal.\nThis blog will not examine the soap opera that was the two years leading-up to the Decision. Readers seeking a comprehensive factual background should view the excellent up-to-date timeline published by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. More...\nEU Law is not enough: Why FIFA's TPO ban survived its first challenge before the Brussels Court\n25. August 2015 Antoine Duval Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nStar Lawyer Jean-Louis Dupont is almost a monopolist as far as high profile EU law and football cases are concerned. This year, besides a mediatised challenge against UEFA’s FFP regulations, he is going after FIFA’s TPO ban on behalf of the Spanish and Portuguese leagues in front of the EU Commission, but also before the Brussels First Instance Court defending the infamous Malta-based football investment firm Doyen Sport. FIFA and UEFA’s archenemy, probably electrified by the 20 years of the Bosman ruling, is emphatically trying to reproduce his world-famous legal prowess. Despite a first spark at a success in the FFP case against UEFA with the Court of first instance of Brussels sending a preliminary reference to the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU), this has proven to be a mirage as the CJEU refused, as foretold, to answer the questions of the Brussels Court, while the provisory measures ordered by the judge have been suspended due to UEFA’s appeal. But, there was still hope, the case against FIFA’s TPO ban, also involving UEFA and the Belgium federation, was pending in front of the same Brussels Court of First Instance, which had proven to be very willing to block UEFA’s FFP regulations. Yet, the final ruling is another disappointment for Dupont (and good news for FIFA). The Court refused to give way to Doyen’s demands for provisional measures and a preliminary reference. The likelihood of a timely Bosman bis repetita is fading away. Fortunately, we got hold of the judgment of the Brussels court and it is certainly of interest to all those eagerly awaiting to know whether FIFA’s TPO ban will be deemed compatible or not with EU law. More...\nThe New FIFA Intermediaries Regulations under EU Law Fire in Germany. By Tine Misic\n12. August 2015 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\n“I'm sure that in 1985, plutonium is available in every corner drugstore, but in 1955, it's a little hard to come by.” (Dr. Emmett L. Brown)[1]\nAvailing oneself of EU law in the ambit of sports in 1995 must have felt a bit like digging for plutonium, but following the landmark ruling of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in the Bosman case[2], 20 years later, with all the buzz surrounding several cases where EU law is being used as an efficient ammunition for shelling various sports governing or organising bodies, one may wonder if in 2015 EU law is to be “found in every drug store” and the recent cases (see inter alia Heinz Müller v 1. FSV Mainz 05, Daniel Striani ao v UEFA, Doyen Sports ao v URBSFA, FIFA, UEFA) [3] cannot but invitingly evoke the spirit of 1995.\nOne of the aforementioned cases that also stands out pertains to the injunction decision[4] issued on 29 April 2015 by the Regional Court (Landesgericht) in Frankfurt am Main (hereinafter: the Court) in the dispute between the intermediary company Firma Rogon Sportmanagement (hereinafter: the claimant) and the German Football Federation (Deutschen Fußball-Bund, DFB), where the claimant challenged the provisions of the newly adopted DFB Regulations on Intermediaries (hereinafter: DFB Regulations)[5] for being incompatible with Articles 101 and 102 TFEU.[6] The Court, by acknowledging the urgency of the matter stemming from the upcoming transfer window and the potential loss of clients, deemed a couple of shells directed at the DFB Regulations to be well-aimed, and granted an injunction due to breach of Article 101 TFEU. More...\nCompatibility of fixed-term contracts in football with Directive 1999/70/EC. Part 2: The Heinz Müller case. By Piotr Drabik\n23. July 2015 Oskar van Maren Blog, International Sports Law Cases, International Sports Law Commentaries (0)\nThe first part of the present blog article provided a general introduction to the compatibility of fixed-term contracts in football with Directive 1999/70/EC[1] (Directive). However, as the Member States of the European Union enjoy a considerable discretion in the implementation of a directive, grasping the impact of the Directive on the world of football would not be possible without considering the national context. The recent ruling of the Arbeitsgericht Mainz (the lowest German labour court; hereinafter the Court) in proceedings brought by a German footballer Heinz Müller provides an important example in this regard. This second part of the blog on the legality of fixed-term contract in football is devoted to presenting and assessing the Court’s decision.\nI. Facts and Procedure\nHeinz Müller, the main protagonist of this case, was a goalkeeper playing for 1.FSV Mainz 05 a club partaking to the German Bundesliga. More...\nCompatibility of Fixed-Term Contracts in Football with Directive 1999/70/EC. Part.1: The General Framework. By Piotr Drabik\nOn 25 March 2015, the Labour Court of Mainz issued its decision in proceedings brought by a German footballer, Heinz Müller, against his (now former) club 1. FSV Mainz 05 (Mainz 05). The Court sided with the player and ruled that Müller should have been employed by Mainz 05 for an indefinite period following his 2009 three year contract with the club which was subsequently extended in 2011 to run until mid-2014. The judgment was based on national law implementing Directive 1999/70 on fixed-term work[1] (Directive) with the latter being introduced pursuant to art. 155(2) TFEU (ex art. 139(2) TEC). On the basis of this article, European social partners’ may request a framework agreement which they conclude to be implemented on the European Union (EU, Union) level by a Council decision on a proposal from the Commission. One of the objectives of the framework agreement,[2] and therefore of the Directive, was to establish a system to prevent abuse arising from the use of successive fixed-term employment contracts or relationships[3] which lies at the heart of the discussed problem.[4] More...\nUEFA’s FFP out in the open: The Dynamo Moscow Case\nEver since UEFA started imposing disciplinary measures to football clubs for not complying with Financial Fair Play’s break-even requirement in 2014, it remained a mystery how UEFA’s disciplinary bodies were enforcing the Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play (“FFP”) regulations, what measures it was imposing, and what the justifications were for the imposition of these measures. For over a year, the general public could only take note of the 23 settlement agreements between Europe’s footballing body and the clubs. The evidential obstacle for a proper analysis was that the actual settlements remained confidential, as was stressed in several of our previous Blogs.[1] The information provided by the press releases lacked the necessary information to answer the abovementioned questions.\nOn 24 April 2015, the UEFA Club Financial Control Body lifted part of the veil by referring FC Dynamo Moscow to the Adjudicatory Body. Finally, the Adjudicatory Body had the opportunity to decide on a “FFP case. The anxiously-awaited Decision was reached by the Adjudicatory Chamber on 19 June and published not long after. Now that the Decision has been made public, a new stage of the debate regarding UEFA’s FFP policy can start.More...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line780471"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5816220641136169,"wiki_prob":0.5816220641136169,"text":"IFRS Standards are required for domestic public companies Yes. Joint-stock companies, commercial banks, insurance organisations and legal entities classified as large taxpayers and business entities with a state share and state-owned enterprises approved by the State Assets Management Agency are required to prepare financial statements applying IFRS Standards. Other companies may voluntarily prepare financial statements applying IFRS Standards.\nIFRS Standards are required or permitted for listings by foreign companies Yes. Foreign companies are subject to the same regulations as domestic companies.\nThe IFRS for SMEs Standard is required or permitted No. National standards are required.\nThe IFRS for SMEs Standard is under consideration Yes. The Ministry of Finance may consider whether to permit or require the adoption of the IFRS for SMEs Standard.\nProfile last updated: 21 April 2021\nThe MoF is the authorised body for the implementation of IFRS Standards in Uzbekistan.\nMoF: https://www.mf.uz/en\nMoF: iakhmadkhonov@mf.uz\nOn February 24, 2020, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan signed Resolution No. 4611 ‘On Additional Measures to Transition to International Financial Reporting Standards’ (Resolution No. 4611).\nThis resolution requires joint-stock companies, commercial banks, insurance organisations and legal entities classified as large taxpayers to prepare financial statements in accordance with IFRS Standards from 1 January 2021.\nMoreover, business entities preparing financial statements on a voluntary basis in accordance with IFRS Standards are exempted from submitting financial statements in accordance with national accounting standards (NAS).\nUzbekistan has adopted IFRS Standards for certain companies (see above).\nApart from certain companies (see above), starting from 2020, the State Asset Management Agency will annually approve and publish, by 1 June, a schedule of business entities with a state share and of state-owned enterprises that must implement IFRS Standards and that do not meet the criteria above.\nYes. Required for some, permitted for others, see above. Joint-stock companies, commercial banks, insurance organisations and legal entities classified as large taxpayers and business entities with a state share and state-owned enterprises approved by the State Assets Management Agency are required to prepare financial statements applying IFRS Standards. Other companies may voluntarily prepare financial statements applying IFRS Standards.\nYes. foreign companies are subject to the same regulations as domestic companies.\nAll companies mentioned in Resolution No. 4611.\nIFRS Standards endorsed by the Republic of Uzbekistan, which are the IFRS Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.\nFor companies that prepare financial statements applying IFRS Standards, the audit report states conformity with IFRS Standards.\nTo create a legal basis for the use of IFRS Standards in Uzbekistan as a regulatory document, the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 24, 2020 No. 507 ‘On approval of the Regulation on and the procedure for recognizing International Financial Reporting Standards and Interpretations to them’ was adopted. Recognition of IFRS Standards in the Republic of Uzbekistan is approved by an order of the Ministry of Finance.\nTo recognise IFRS Standards as legal documents, on August 24, 2020, the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan adopted Resolution No. 507 ‘On approval of the Regulation on and the procedure for recognizing International Financial Reporting Standards and their Interpretations’.\nWith this Resolution, the Cabinet approved IFRS Standards and the procedure for recognising documents accompanying IFRS Standards.\nIn accordance with this Resolution, IFRS Standards for adoption in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan and IFRIC Interpretations are included in the following documents issued by the International Accounting Standards Board:\nIFRS Standards, including any new IFRS Standards.\nInterpretations of IFRS Standards;\namendments to IFRS Standards;\nother documents specified by the International Accounting Standards Board as integral parts of the IFRS Standards.\nThis Resolution also established the procedure for expert examination of IFRS Standards for application in Uzbekistan and the procedure for endorsement of IFRS Standards in Uzbekistan.\nNo. The full set of the IFRS Standards has been endorsed in Uzbekistan.\nAccording to Resolution No. 507, the Ministry of Finance is responsible for translating IFRS Standards into Uzbek, and it is also now leading the process to produce the official translation. Resolution No. 507 also details the agreement between the Ministry of Finance and the IFRS Foundation for translating IFRS Standards into Uzbek.\nThe translations follow the official IFRS Foundation translation process, including the requirement for ongoing translation of updates to IFRS Standards.\nThe Ministry of Finance may consider whether to permit or require the adoption of the IFRS for SMEs Standard.\nNational accounting standards issued by the Ministry of Finance.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1116416"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7287910580635071,"wiki_prob":0.7287910580635071,"text":"Unpublished Kafka to see Light of Day\nJuly 28, 2010 / Editor / 1 Comment\nFor more than 40 years, the treasure trove of unseen and unpublished possibly important Franz Kafka works lay stacked in piles in a humid apartment in a Tel Aviv suburb. The cache consisted of thousands of decomposing postcards, letters, manuscripts and drawings by the Czech-born Jewish writer.\nWell, after a legal battle taking more than two years, papers from a collection began to emerge from the vaults, yesterday, of a bank in Zürich, Switzerland.\nThe amount of works discovered could lead to a re-assessment of the tormented and reclusive writer, who died at age 40 in 1924, from Tuberculosis, whose family was killed in the Holocaust.\nKafka was born in 1883 in Prague – when he died, he was a little-known Jewish writer with a handful of published German stories to his name.\nJust prior to his death in a Vienna sanatorium, the writer entrusted his friend, Max Brod with his collection of unpublished handwritten documents, insisting famously that all papers “should be burned unread and without remnant” after his death. Well this never happened and Max Brod’s former secretary was watching over them in the cat infested first floor Tel Aviv suburb.\nBrod, after Kafka’s death did not follow his friends wishes and instead published some of the works including The Metamorphosis, The Trial and The Castle.\nWhen the Nazi’s invaded Czechoslovakia in 1939, Brod, a fervent Zionist, stuffed the collection of manuscripts into a suitcase and left for Israel.\nEsther Hoffe, Brod’s housekeeper and alleged lover sold an original manuscript of The Trial in 1988 at Sotheyby’s, on behalf of the German literary archive in the city of Marbach. It fetched an estimated one-million dollars. On a separate occasion, when she was arrested at Israel’s Ben Gurion airport on suspicion of smuggling, letters and a travel journal by Kafka were found in her bag.\nIsrael’s state archive was allowed to catalogue Hoffe’s collection, yet there was always a suspicion that she had hidden away the most valuable portions of it.\nNow that Hoffe has recently passed away at age 101, many in the Jewish Country are angry about talk of removing some of the papers from the country and selling them to Germany’s Marbach archive. Israel regards the Kafka legacy as a national treasure and a very key to pre-Holocaust European Jewish life.\narchiveFranz KafkaGermanyIsrael\nTwo Sides of Gaza\nEverybody Must Get Stoned\nBrian R.Banks\nHow Jewish was Franz Kafka? He did not attend a synagogue on the sabbath until his last year, he misspelt the Hebrew word for circumscriber, he ate vegetarian never kosher, defended Yiddish theatre when laughed at by ‘non-ghetto Jews’ etc. Are the signifiers of their religion not valid historically? Esther Hoffe should have allowed full access to the papers years ago, but still they are legally hers. This reminds of the hacking of Bruno Schulz’s art from a wall in Drohobycz (ex-Poland) to be displayed in Israel as by a ‘Jewish artist’. According to Kafka’s life, the material–if displayed anywhere-should be in Prague.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line282496"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7019340991973877,"wiki_prob":0.2980659008026123,"text":"News / Job: Accounting Manager, Arterial Network\nJob: Accounting Manager, Arterial Network\nArterial Network,\n08 February 2017, Côte d'Ivoire\nArterial Network seeks a full-time person to manage finances of the organisation. Arterial Network is a Pan-African network of artists, arts organisations and activists engaged in capacity building, advocacy, research, cultural policy, information dissemination, workshops, conferences, publication of reports and best practice toolkits, all geared towards growing and strengthening the cultural and creative sectors in Africa, and making a contribution to democracy, human rights and development on this continent. With its continental secretariat in Abidjan, Arterial has official affiliates in 19 countries and wide representation in other parts of Africa. The successful applicant will be part of a team based in Abidjan, reporting to the Administration and Programme Manager.\nMinimum Criteria\nA Bachelor of Commerce/ Accounting degree or similar field\n5 years’ experience as Accounting Manager for an NGO\nExcellent understanding of MS MS Excel and accounting software used in Côte d'Ivoire.\nExperience in the Arts and Culture sector\nBilingual(French & English)\nIvorian nationality and / or permanent resident in Côte d'Ivoire\nApplicants should send their CV, a letter of motivation and three references to [email protected]orgbefore 20 February, midday. Only short listed candidates will be contacted for interviews.\nFor more information about the position, please click here.\nhttp://www.arterialnetwork.org/opportunity/job_accounting_manager_feb2017\nCôte d'Ivoire Audience with Canada's ambassador to the Ivory Coast\nCultural industries first for Ivory Coast\nSee all news from Côte d'Ivoire","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line649500"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8111829161643982,"wiki_prob":0.8111829161643982,"text":"Business SpecialOct 7th 2000 edition\nSpaghetti Monti\nEVEN in an all-American merger, it is no longer enough to satisfy American regulators alone. The bigger the merger, the more likely it is to attract scrutiny in Europe as well. The European Commission claims the right to investigate any merger involving a firm with a significant presence in EU markets. In July the commission followed the Americans in blocking a merger between WorldCom and Sprint. It is still scrutinising the AOL/Time Warner deal. But this week Time Warner and EMI withdrew their merger plan following the commission's objections.\nIf it does not block deals, the commission can demand radical changes in their terms. This year it allowed Vodafone AirTouch, a British telecoms firm, to take over Mannesmann, a German one, but only so long as it sold a Mannesmann subsidiary, Orange. In July the commission told Microsoft it could not take control of Telewest, a British cable company, but would have to settle for a minority stake instead.\nLike their American counterparts, European trust-busters have been getting bolder and busier. There has been a sharp increase in activity since a new competition commissioner, Italy's Mario Monti, took over in September last year. The commission has formally blocked only 13 mergers in the past ten years—but three of those decisions were made by Mr Monti. In his first week at work he blocked a deal among British package-holiday operators. So far this year he has blocked two deals outright: the WorldCom-Sprint merger, and one between two Swedish motor-vehicle makers, Volvo and Scania. An aluminium deal, Alcan's bid for Pechiney, collapsed in the face of his objections.\nCommission officials insist that Mr Monti is not being more interventionist as a matter of policy. Rather, the commission is doing more because the number of mergers is rising so fast. Unlike the Americans, who have to challenge a merger in court, the commission has the power to block it—though it has only four months after notification in which to do so. Its decisions can be appealed to the European Court of Justice, but that rarely happens because of the cost and time.\nThe entwining of the American and European markets means that more mergers are attracting simultaneous American and European scrutiny. EU officials stress that they and their American counterparts work closely together. The biggest transatlantic antitrust row came in 1997 when American antitrust authorities wanted to bless a merger between Boeing and McDonnell Douglas, whereas the commission wanted to block it. In the end it scraped through, with some conditions attached by the EU. Since then, says one commission official, “we are on the phone all the time discussing issues with counterparts at the FTC and DOJ. The procedures are not necessarily the same but the policy is the same.”\nCould that change? It might. Some American officials think the EU is already more aggressive than they are, for instance in stopping vertical mergers. Mr Monti is also conservative in his view of the “new economy”, insisting that the old rules still apply. He does not believe that temporary monopoly is a necessary reward for innovators in new markets. A shift in America towards greater tolerance could leave Europe looking heavy-handed.\nThis article appeared in the Business Special section of the print edition under the headline \"Spaghetti Monti\"\nMore from Business Special\nBack office to the world\nWhen merchants enter the temple\nThrough the wringer\nIndia has high hopes for its burgeoning trade in business-support services\nThe global distribution of income is becoming ever more unequal. That should be a matter of greater concern than it is, argues Robert Wade\nThe Guggenheim is changing the rules about how to market a museum. Traditional museums in America and Europe don’t like the change, but many will have to go along with it if they want to thrive\nBanks are doing more than ever before to clamp down on money laundering. But is it enough?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line109056"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6723865866661072,"wiki_prob":0.3276134133338928,"text":"OII Europe and ILGA-Europe Statement on the adoption of a historical intersex resolution by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe\nOctober 3, 2013 by Editorial\nILGA-Europe and OII Europe welcome the adoption of the resolution “Children’s right to physical integrity” by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe which for the first time ever addressed the issue of bodily integrity of intersex children.\nThis resolution covered other issues such as female genital mutilation, the circumcision of young boys for religious reasons, and the submission to or coercion of children into piercings, tattoos or plastic surgery.\nThe resolution calls on Council of Europe Member States to “undertake further research to increase knowledge about the specific situation of intersex people, ensure that no-one is subjected to unnecessary medical or surgical treatment that is cosmetic rather than vital for health during infancy or childhood, guarantee bodily integrity, autonomy and self-determination to persons concerned, and provide families with intersex children with adequate counselling and support.”\nThis is the first resolution of its kind by any European institution. The language of the resolution signals a shift from the current medical domain to a human rights approach, and addresses the right to bodily integrity, autonomy and self-determination while calling for the end of cosmetic medical and surgical treatment.\nILGA-Europe and OII Europe call for relevant European institutions to take note of this resolution and indeed carry out the research that is necessary to increase knowledge about the specific human rights and social situation of intersex people.\nILGA-Europe and OII Europe also thank Marlene Rupprecht who was the Rapporteur of the report that led to this resolution for taking on board the input provided by our two organisations and Genital Autonomy and for putting the human rights of intersex people firmly on the agenda.\nResolution 1952 (2013) Children’s right to physical integrity\nFiled Under: Human Rights, Press Releases","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line190970"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6871541738510132,"wiki_prob":0.3128458261489868,"text":"1st Aug 2018 5th Jan 2019 Dr Jorge E. Núñez\nTerritorial disputes: Northern Ireland (Part 28) [Post 113]\nIn cases such as Northern Ireland, to grant self-determination in the form of independence would imply an unbalanced situation amongst the involved agents that may create an unnecessary gap between people who have an otherwise peaceful relationship. The previous posts this week introduced the notion of self-determination and some of the consequences full independence may bring about. The crucial issue is how self-determination is “weighted”—even considered as a right—against public good, general welfare, a fair and just environment for all (not only the majority or any minority). Then, it is not that self-determination is good or bad as a right or as an international remedy per se. Yet, because of the specific situation in which it is applied and the way in which it is used may be.\nIn cases such as Northern Ireland, a solution between status quo and complete independence should be reached. Some scholars have tried to re-define the idea of self-determination making it more inclusive but somehow giving shape to an eclectic international institution, and that agrees with shared sovereignty:\n“[…] the right to national self-determination must go beyond self- government but to stop short of statehood, and thus I introduce a modified right to self-determination, which states that all national groups have an equal right to self-determination provided that the realization of the right does not require the acquisition of independent statehood as a necessary condition.”\nAnna Moltchanova, National Self-determination and Justice in Multinational States (Springer, 2011), in partic. p. xvi and Chapter 5.\nHence, if the relationship between a sovereign State and a large group within its population is already problematic, self-determination leading to independence may in fact be a viable solution. However, in the specific case of Northern Ireland in which the involved agents have a peaceful relationship apart from Brexit, to apply self-determination in the form of independence appears as an inadvisable way of dealing with it. It goes against that relationship and threatens an otherwise peaceful environment. Nevertheless, if self-determination is understood as the collective right a group has to determine their political status, and this group is willing to accept the claims of other agents, it can be an institution that may offer a positive outcome. Besides, it may lead to shared sovereignty, as the next posts will show.\nNOTE: based on Chapter 5, Núñez, Jorge Emilio. 2017. Sovereignty Conflicts and International Law and Politics: A Distributive Justice Issue. London and New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.\nJorge Emilio Nunez\nTwitter: @London1701\nPrevious Territorial disputes: Northern Ireland (Part 27) [Post 112]\nNext Territorial disputes: Northern Ireland (Part 29) [Post 114]","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line95072"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8160147666931152,"wiki_prob":0.8160147666931152,"text":"Ken Clarke 'to Be Sacked' in Next Reshuffle\nNick Hallett\nOne of the Conservative Party’s longest serving frontbenchers is expected to be sacked in a forthcoming government reshuffle. Kenneth Clarke is currently a Minister without Portfolio in the government and is one of the few remaining Conservative Europhiles.\nIn his place, the Sunday Telegraph reports that Prime Minister David Cameron to be keen to promote a number of younger MPs, especially women. One such MP could be Anna Soubry, the outspoken Defence Minister who sits firmly on the left of the party.\nCommentators accuse the Conservative Party of having a “woman problem”, with few senior government posts being held by female MPs. Following the resignation of Culture Secretary Maria Miller over an expenses scandal earlier this year, the Government front bench was left with just two female Cabinet ministers.\nOther women tipped for promotion are Esther McVey, a former TV presenter who is a strong media performer, and Education Minister Liz Truss.\nIf Kenneth Clarke is sacked, it will mark an end to five decades on the Conservative Party front bench. He was first appointed as a junior Minister in Ted Heath’s government in 1972, and has since served as Education Secretary, Health Secretary, Lord Chancellor, Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer. He has also stood three times for the Conservative Party leadership, but lost out due to his staunch pro-EU views.\nLike Clarke, Anna Soubry is on the Conservative Party’s left wing. She is known for her pro-immigration views and earlier today caused further controversy by saying that some people who are concerned about immigration are “frankly racist”.\nShe was also a staunch supporter of Nick Clegg’s failed House of Lords reforms that caused one of the biggest rebellions in the history of the Conservative party.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1507583"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9348626136779785,"wiki_prob":0.9348626136779785,"text":"The 3,000th Hit\nby James Smyth\nIchiro Suzuki will soon be just one of two players with 3,000 MLB hits from age 27 on. (via Keith Allison)\nIchiro Suzuki is closing in on becoming the 30th player to reach 3,000 hits. On Tuesday night, he stroked hit number 2,997. With three more hits, he’ll join one of the most exclusive clubs in baseball history. While we don’t yet know how his 3,00th hit will unfold, it is always great fun to look back, so let’s take a look at some of the previous 29 milestone knocks.\nCap Anson, July 16, 1897, Chicago Colts vs. Baltimore Orioles\nWhen the very first 3,000th hit was struck 119 years ago, nobody was aware of the milestone at the time. At 45 years old, Anson was winding down his career as player-manager of the Chicago Colts, who would later become known as the Cubs. There is some mystery surrounding his career hit total, but Major League Baseball’s official statistician, the Elias Sports Bureau, has him pegged for 3,081. The hit recognized as the 3,000th came in a home game against the reigning National League champion Baltimore Orioles.\nAccording to the Chicago Tribune, the Colts led 1-0 in the top of the ninth when future Hall of Famer Hughie Jennings came up with a runner on and, “determination printed on his angelic countenance.” He hit a two-run inside-the-park home run off of Jimmy Callahan to give the visitors a 2-1 lead. In the first eight frames, the Colts could only muster one hit against George Blackburn, who also set down the first two batters of the ninth. Anson came to the plate as the last hope, and “swung against the ball and drove it safe to center for the second hit of the game.” The single briefly kept the game alive, but Jimmy Ryan bounced into a force play to end the game. Blackburn’s gem was one of only five big league appearances in his career.\nHonus Wagner, June 9, 1914, Pittsburgh Pirates at Philadelphia Phillies\nBy the time Wagner approached the mark, there was fanfare and anticipation for the 3,000 hit chase. In fact, according to the Pittsburgh Press, Wagner put pressure on himself to get the hit:\nSometimes I believe too much newspaper talk hurts a fellow, that it acts as a sort of a jinx. I never tried harder in my life than I did in the series at Philadelphia, and what did I do? I didn’t get a hit in two games and then in the next two I got a couple, one for each game. That’s no hitting at all.”\nAfter notching eight hits in the five games prior to the Phillies series, he went 1-for-13 to start the four-game set before doubling off Erskine Mayer in the ninth inning of the finale.\nThere was an amusing story the next day about the cheering crowd at the Lyceum Theatre, where there was “the great electric scoreboard, depicting every ball thrown instantaneously and accurately.” Electronic scoreboards that recreated the games were popular at the time, since we were still a long way from the At Bat app.\nNap Lajoie, Sept. 27, 1914, Cleveland Naps vs. New York Yankees\nA few months after Wagner’s hit, Lajoie joined him and Anson. On his historic double, the Chicago Tribune noted that “the ball hit was taken out of play and presented to Lajoie for a souvenier [sic] as soon as he reached second.” Now teams make the same gesture upon one’s first major league hit.\nPaul Waner, June 19, 1942, Boston Braves vs. Pittsburgh Pirates\nTy Cobb, Tris Speaker and Eddie Collins reached 3,000 during the 1920s before “Big Poison” became the seventh member in 1942. According to his SABR bio, Waner nearly picked up the milestone hit on June 17, 1942:\nWaner hit a sharp grounder to shortstop Eddie Joost of the Reds in the fifth inning. Joost moved toward second base, whirled, and made a backhanded stab at the ball, but was only able to knock it down. Scorekeeper Jerry Moore of the Boston Globe awarded Waner a hit, his 3,000th career hit. But Waner waved furiously at the press box to change the call to an error. “No, no. Don’t give me a hit on that. I won’t take it,” shouted Waner. He shooed away umpire Beans Reardon and the converging players who wished to offer their congratulations. At last, Moore changed his decision and charged Joost with an error.”\nTwo days later, his Braves hosted the Pirates, the team he had spent 15 seasons with from 1926-40. He stroked a fifth-inning single against former teammate Rip Sewell, and as the Chicago Tribune described it, “before he could reach first base, Pittsburgh players crowded around to congratulate the little veteran…” The story also noted congratulations from Bucs skipper Frankie Frisch, who was ejected in the ninth inning of an 11-inning 7-6 Pittsburgh victory.\nStan Musial, May 13, 1958, St. Louis Cardinals at Chicago Cubs\nNo one else would reach 3,000 hits for another 16 years. “The Man” was sitting on 2,999 hits on May 13, when the Cardinals benched him for the game at Wrigley Field so he could get the big hit in front of the St. Louis fans the next day.\nHowever, when the Cards trailed the Cubs, 3-1, in the sixth inning, manager Fred Hutchinson called on Musial to pinch hit with a runner at second and one out. Coming in cold off the bench, he smoked Moe Drabowsky’s 2-2 pitch into left field for an RBI double that cut the lead to one. With the landmark two-bagger out of the way, he was removed for a pinch runner to great applause (it takes a lot for a Cardinal to be cheered in Chicago). Still, Musial delivered a great blow in a four-run rally that helped give the Redbirds a 5-3 win.\nLou Brock, Aug. 13, 1979, St. Louis Cardinals vs. Chicago Cubs\nAfter Musial, another 12 years passed before the next member joined the club. Hank Aaron and Willie Mays pushed the membership to double digits in 1970, and they were soon joined by Roberto Clemente, whose 3,000th hit in 1972 would be his last before his tragic death that offseason. Al Kaline and Pete Rose followed, as did Brock in 1979.\nThe speedster came to the Cardinals from the Cubs in a 1964 trade that is still one of the most famous live-to-regret-it deals of all time. After 16 seasons of rapping out singles and stealing base after base in a Cardinals uniform, he was eight hits away from 3,000 heading into a five-game series against his former team. He sat out the opener before getting two hits in each of the following games, and the final one really made the Cubs hurt. His milestone fourth-inning single was a shot off of starting pitcher Dennis Lamp’s pitching hand that knocked the hurler out of the game. Prior to the game, Lamp said he didn’t want to be the one to give up the hits:\nI would feel really bad if Brock got the hits off me, especially if they cost me a game. No, I don’t want to go into the record book as the pitcher who gave up his 3,000 hit, but I can’t go out there worrying about Brock.”\nHe sure did go into the record book, adding insult to injury. Lamp pitched again eight days later out of the bullpen before taking back his spot in the rotation.\nAs for the ballgame, it was tied in the bottom of the ninth when Ken Reitz singled off Willie Hernandez for a round-number hit of his own (number 1,000 in his career). He was replaced by pinch runner Tom Herr, a future Cardinals mainstay at second base who was making his major league debut. St. Louis loaded the bases with one out before Garry Templeton lifted a fly to left field against Bruce Sutter. Dave Kingman reeled it in, but it was deep enough for Herr to race home with the winning run. It was the first of three walk-off wins in a 3000th-hit-game.\nRod Carew, Aug. 4, 1985, California Angels vs. Minnesota Twins\nA month after Brock’s 3,000th hit, Carl Yastrzemski became the 15th player to get there. Rod Carew was the 16th and like Waner and Brock, he happened to make history against his former team. After winning seven batting titles in 12 seasons with the Minnesota Twins, he was traded to the Angels in 1979. He spent the final seven years of his career there, the last of which featured hit number 3,000.\nCarew’s wasn’t the only major baseball milestone reached on this particular Sunday afternoon. Earlier that day in New York, Tom Seaver of the White Sox beat the Yankees to record his 300th victory, fittingly in the city where he racked up most of them as a member of the New York Mets.\nGeorge Brett, Sept. 30, 1992, Kansas City Royals at California Angels\nThe next 3,000 hit man was Robin Yount, and then three weeks later, Brett got there in a big way. He was four hits shy with five games left in the season, but he wasted no more time, banging out four hits in one game to jump from 2,996 to the magic 3,000. Five players have reached it with their third hit of a game, but Brett is still the only one to get there with his fourth. Perhaps he celebrated too long, because after his base hit, pitcher Tim Fortugno picked him off of first base!\nDave Winfield, Sept. 16, 1993, Minnesota Twins vs. Oakland Athletics\nAt 41 years old, Winfield signed with his hometown Twins for the 1993 season and he picked up his hit in dramatic fashion. The Twins trailed 2-0 to the Athletics at the Metrodome, and they had to face lights-out closer and reigning American League Cy Young Award winner Dennis Eckersley. Kirby Puckett led off with a triple and two batters later, Winfield grounded a single to put Minnesota on the board and etch his name in history. Three batters after the celebration, Scott Stahoviak singled to plate Winfield and tie the game. Shane Mack tried to score behind him to win it, but left fielder Kurt Abbott threw him out at the plate to force extra innings. Oakland scored twice in the top of the 13th, but the Twins roared back with three in the bottom half, winning the game on Chip Hale’s RBI single.\nTony Gwynn, Aug. 6, 1999, San Diego Padres at Montreal Expos\nEddie Murray and Paul Molitor were next to join the club (Molitor is still the only one to get there with a triple). The 22nd player was the late, great Tony Gwynn. Six years to the day after Gwynn picked up his 2,000th career hit, he singled off rookie Dan Smith for his 3,000th. There were a couple of other nice coincidences as well. First base umpire Kerwin Danley was a college teammate of Gwynn’s at San Diego State and was right there to congratulate him. The hit was also a birthday gift for Gwynn’s mother, Vendella, who came onto the field to celebrate with her son.\nWade Boggs, Aug. 7, 1999, Tampa Bay Devil Rays vs. Cleveland Indians\nWe didn’t have to wait long for the next one, as Gwynn’s perennial batting-champion counterpart joined him the very next day! Boggs also made history while he was making history, becoming the first player to reach the 3,000 plateau with a home run.\nRickey Henderson, Oct. 7, 2001, San Diego Padres vs. Colorado Rockies\nCal Ripken joined the club in a year after Gwynn and Boggs, and Henderson followed on the last day of the 2001 season. He hit a double on the first pitch of the bottom of the first inning, giving him another tremendous statistical achievement in a career full of them. This game also would be the last for Gwynn, who pinch hit and grounded out in the ninth inning in his final major league plate appearance.\nCraig Biggio, June 28, 2007, Houston Astros vs. Colorado Rockies\nRafael Palmeiro was next to 3,000, and Biggio followed him with a big day. Entering the game three hits shy, the longtime Astro singled in the third and fifth innings to pull within one. The Astros were down 1-0 in the seventh, but they had the tying run at second with two out. Biggio lined a single to tie the game, but he was thrown out trying to stretch it into a double. A strange way to get there, but it counted all the same. Biggio wasn’t finished, adding singles in the ninth and 11th frames. The fifth and final hit started a come-from-behind rally that was capped by Carlos Lee’s walk-off grand slam.\nDerek Jeter, July 9, 2011, New York Yankees vs. Tampa Bay Rays\nJeter always had a flair for the dramatic, so why not join the club with a home run as part of a five-hit afternoon that concluded with a tiebreaking single in the bottom of the eighth? Jeter and Biggio are the only players to notch five hits in the game in which they reached 3,000.\nAlex Rodriguez, June 19, 2015, New York Yankees vs. Detroit Tigers\nThe last two members of the 3,000 hit club did it in pinstripes with a home run. A-Rod followed Boggs and Jeter to become the third player to go yard for number 3,000. It was one of 33 home runs during a resurgent season for Rodriguez, the sixth-most for a player at 39 years of age or older.\nIchiro is having a renaissance season of his own. After batting .258 with a 74 OPS+ over his previous three seasons, including a meager .229 batting average in 2015, the 42-year-old entered Wednesday’s action hitting .332, which if he maintains it, will be his best batting average since he hit .352 in 2009.\nHe’ll be one of the oldest players to reach 3,000, trailing only Cap Anson (45) and Rickey Henderson (an older 42, though Ichiro passes him if he gets there on August 3 or later). Of course, Ichiro didn’t make his major league debut until he was 27 years old. While we’ll never know how many hits he’d have if he played his entire career on this side of the Pacific, we do know that only Pete Rose has more hits after turning 27. Rose is also the only player with more hits in his first 16 seasons.\nIn contrast to the power-dependent era in which he’s played, Ichiro has racked up the hits with only 113 leaving the yard. That will be the second-lowest total by a player with 3,000 hits since World War II, ahead of only Rod Carew (92). More than 81 percent of his hits have been singles (2,443), which would pass Eddie Collins (79.7 percent) for the highest share of singles among those with 3,000 hits.\nIn the coming days, he’ll join the all-time greats in the 3,000 hit club, and it will be a much richer one with him in it.\nCampbell Clark, The Washington Post, “Gwynn’s Career Hits 3,000”\nChicago Tribune, “Game Lost in a Flash”\nChicago Tribune, “Wagner Poles 3,000th Swat”\nChicago Tribune, “Lajoie Clouts 3,000th Bingle”\nChicago Tribune, “P. Waner Gets 3,000th Hit, but Braves Lose, 7-6”\nChicago Tribune, “Musial’s 3,000th in Pinch Hit!”\nChicago Tribune, “Cards Celebrate Brock’s 3,000th”\nJoseph Wancho, Society for American Baseball Research, “SABR Bio: Paul Waner”\nPittsburgh Press, “Buccaneers in Boston for Four Games with Braves”\nPittsburgh Press, “Local Fans ‘See’ Game”\nJames is a researcher and booth statistician with YES Network, and is also a former minor league broadcaster. Follow him on Twitter @JamesSmyth621.\nGood to re-see number thirteen’s. However much I may dislike how un-clutch he is, it really was a pleasure watching him hit the baseball.\nLooking forward to his 700th homer too.\nThanks for the article,\nGiven the discrepancies over how many hits Anson had, what was now recognize as his 3000th hit actually recognized as such at the time? What I’m asking is not just “Was a big deal made over Anson getting his 3000th hit?”, but “Did people even regard Anson as having had 3,000 hits at the time, or did they not even think he had that many?” Along the same lines, are there any other members of the 3000-hit club for whom what was tabulated as their 3000th hit at the time is no longer considered to have actually been their 3000th… Read more »\nJames Smyth\nThe newspaper accounts at the time made no mention of Anson’s hit total, and the actual number is still disputed today. Some give him 3,012, or 3,435 if you count his National Association hits, but 3,081 is recognized as the official number. By the time Wagner approached in 1914, Anson was regarded as the hit king and the 3,000 hit mark already had some cachet.\nFor now, the milestone hits are the same ones that were celebrated at the time. There haven’t been any extra hits discovered or ones that were counted twice.\nJohn Bushman\nNice article on the history of the 3,000 hit players. What a class guy Ichiro, both America and Japan can be proud of him.\nD Allen\nI saw Hank Aaron’s 3,000th hit … an infield grounder in the first game of a doubleheader at Crosley Field in Cincinnati, 1969 or ’70. Hey, a hit is a hit … and he had a lot of them! A great player, that’s for sure.\nBarry Gilpin\nThat reminds me of seeing Griffey Jr’s 2000th hit. It was a dribbler back to the pitcher that he picked up and dropped, and they gave him a hit because he would have had a chance to beat the throw anyway, because it was basically a swinging bunt.\nMarc Schneider\nAaron’s 3000th was in 1970. IIRC, his next hit-in the same game-was a home run.\nYou left off Roberto Clemente who had exactly 3,00 major league hits. It was the last game of the 1972 season. He sent the bat to Cooperstown, sadly he died in the off season. That makes it the MOST memorable.\nRe-write the article James.\nWas at that game when Roberto got his 3000th off of Jon Matlack of the Mets. The stopped the game, gave Roberto the ball, and Wllie Mays came out of the Met’s dugout to congratulate him.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1229656"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9679226875305176,"wiki_prob":0.9679226875305176,"text":"Shots fired near 16th and Hart streets\nAn argument erupted Wednesday evening near the 1900 block of North 16th Street, followed a short time later by four gunshots, witnesses said.\n\"I was sitting on my front porch trying to make a telephone call. I heard a lot of screaming and yelling,\" said Steve Rohrer, who lives near the scene. \"I couldn't even talk on the phone, so I went in the back.\"\nHis wife, Patty Rohrer, said, \"I was out in the garden, and I heard them screaming and yelling and cussing and calling each other names and saying they were going to shoot each other.\"\n\"Then I heard pop, pop, pop — just like on television,\" she said, adding she heard four shots just before 6 p.m. \"I left the garden. Thought I ought to come inside.\"\nAcross the street, police spent the better part of an hour trying to sort through what happened. Lafayette police Lt. Joe Clyde confirmed what the Rohrers told the Journal & Courier. No one was struck by the bullets and no property was damage by the shots, Clyde said. Police, however, could not find any shell casings or other indications that shots had been fired, Clyde said.\nOfficers were almost ready to leave when they got a tip that the possible shooter might be inside a house on an alley between 16th and 17th streets.\nPolice talked everyone out of the house and questioned the people who were inside.\nBy 7:10 p.m., police had five people detained and in handcuffs while police got a search warrant for the house. What police find Wednesday night after they search the house will determine whether they arrest or release the five people, Clyde said.\n\"Isn't this pathetic,\" Patty Rohrer rhetorically asked. \"You hear it on the news all the time, but you never think it's going to happen in your own neighborhood.\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1442793"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6722429394721985,"wiki_prob":0.6722429394721985,"text":"Ruling party of Fumio Kishida wins comfortable victory in Japanese election\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/31/ruling-party-of-fumio-kishida-wins-smaller-majority-in-japanese-election\nUse NHS 111 online service to protect busy A&Es, says health chief\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/01/use-nhs-111-online-service-to-protect-busy-aes-says-health-chief\nCovid live news: UK weekly cases down 13%; US sending more vaccines to Taiwan\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2021/oct/31/covid-live-news-coronavirus-origins-china-us-intelligence-report\nRuling party of Fumio Kishida wins smaller majority in Japanese election\nCovid live news: Russia reports record new cases; China rejects US intelligence report on virus origins\nRussians spurn Sputnik jab and head west for vaccines\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/31/russians-spurn-sputnik-jab-and-head-west-for-vaccines\nCovid live news: China rejects US intelligence report on virus origins; Russia reports record new cases\nRevealed: the towns at risk from far-right extremism\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/31/revealed-the-towns-at-risk-from-far-right-extremism\nRecord number of domestic abuse victims made homeless\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/oct/30/record-number-of-domestic-abuse-victims-made-homeless\nCoronavirus live news: UK records a further 41,278 cases and 166 deaths; Thailand issues ban on rallies\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2021/oct/30/coronavirus-live-news-uk-to-send-20m-vaccine-doses-to-developing-countries-china-reports-six-week-high-in-cases","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1362791"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5883641839027405,"wiki_prob":0.4116358160972595,"text":"Harris admits Biden admin is not looking to eliminate virus – only reduce risk\nVice President Kamala Harris has responded to pressure put on the administration to work harder to eliminate the COVID-19 pandemic, saying that it’s not the administration’s plan at this time to pursue that, Breitbart News reported.\nDuring a recent interview on Friday’s “PBS NewsHour,” Harris characterized the administration’s plan saying that they can “at the very least, mitigate the harm to the greatest number of people.”\nShe went on to say that the administration will urge people “to do what is necessary for us to get beyond this,” and that the administration is open to input on how to accomplices that but claimed that their current strategy resulted in “progress and that that is the trajectory.”\nHost Judy Woodruff stated, “Six of the prominent public health advisers who were part of the Biden-Harris transition team have today gone public with a plea to the president to adopt an entirely new pandemic strategy geared to what they call the new normal of living with this virus indefinitely, trying to minimize the risk.”\n“First of all, what we know, without any debate, and I think all of us agree, is that we have tools available to us to address this pandemic in a way that we can, at the very least, mitigate the harm to the greatest number of people,” Harris responded.\n“And so, we are going to continue as an administration to urge all people who are eligible to get vaccinated, to get the booster, to wear masks when they are in public, and to do what is necessary for us to get beyond this.\n“We welcome, of course, anyone who has information, especially those who are experts, about how we can accomplish these goals. But there are certain things that are without debate and really not even necessary for discussion at this point among people who are knowledgeable about what needs to happen, in terms of vaccines and boosters and masks.”\nWoodruff went on to ask, “But is it time for a new approach? Is the question. I mean, this administration came in promising to get things on track, here we are a year later, we’re in the fourth wave. There aren’t enough tests, nearly enough.”\n“We know that the approach, in terms of vaccines, boosters, and masks, works,” Harris said. “So, I don’t think that that’s what we’re discussing right now. But let’s also talk about, to your point, where we are today versus a year ago. Today, the vast majority of schools are open.\n“Today, we have a vaccine that the majority of Americans have actually received. Boosters, we are seeing great progress with that. People are wearing their masks.\n“So, we have seen progress. We are seeing businesses reopen. And I think it’s important for us to see in this moment we’re still — it is extremely frustrating, there’s no question, for all of us.\n“But we also must acknowledge that there has been progress and that that is the trajectory. But there are still steps to go. We have still work to do. And, in particular, around the vaccines and masks, we want to make sure that everyone is taking advantage of all the tools that we do have available to us right now.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1245429"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5653911232948303,"wiki_prob":0.4346088767051697,"text":"A Post by One of \"The Best 300 Professors\" in the United States\nIn April this year, Princeton Review partnered with RateMyProfessor and published a list of \"The Best 300 Professors.\" From approximately 1.8 million post-secondary teachers in the country, NYU Liberal Studies Professor Kathleen (Kathy) Bishop was among the 0.02% included on the list. On RateMyProfessor, students have spoken highly of Professor Bishop:\n\"I have come to adore her open minded teaching style and she has always helped her students. She is a MUST.\"\n\"Professor Bishop is like the female version of Woody Allen. She's so cool and knows how to engage a class.\"\n\"Like everyone always says, super great teacher.\"\nWe had the pleasure of speaking with Kathy, but instead of the usual interview, we will let her tell you the story of how she came to become such a passionate educator and an influential member of the NYU community.\nFrom Professor Kathy Bishop:\nWhen I was recently chosen by the Princeton Review to be included in their new publication, \"The Best 300 Professors,\" it got me to thinking about how this could have happened -- I immediately thought of my mentor and friend, the late Robert R. Raymo, former dean of GSAS and my many times professor and dissertation advisor in the NYU English Department. To excel at anything in life, a young person needs someone to show her how it’s done; for me that meant figuring out how to be a good teacher and scholar. In the end I now realize that what he really provided me with was a roadmap on how to live a happy, fulfilling life. In the beginning, when I first took up the daunting task of teaching, I thought about Prof. Raymo and how he did it so effortlessly and so incredibly well. As with a novice in any field, in my case I thought the best thing would be to model myself after the best teacher I knew. The problem was that he was an older man (or so it seemed to me at the time), who tended towards elegant suits, and I was a young jeans and tee shirt kind of gal. He also had an impossible to duplicate manner that combined utter sophistication and worldliness with razor sharp wit, warmth, kindness, generosity, and all out brilliance. In class students hung on his every word. When you met with him during office hours, he made you feel like you were his only student, and he had all day to discuss the “Miller’s Tale” with you. Just how was I going to match any of this?\nWhat I gradually came to see, through trial and error, was that being good at anything is of course about finding your own way of doing things, but most importantly it’s about finding the reason why you’re here in this life. What I know for sure is that Prof. Raymo loved what he was doing with every fiber of his being, and if you can find that in your own life, well then you are the luckiest person in the world.\nIn Liberal Studies, where I now teach at NYU, I’ve come to see that probably the most important thing I can pass on to my students is this lesson that I learned years ago through my teacher. In any given class we may be studying an Indian epic, or an Elizabethan drama, or Middle Eastern art. These are all important and beautiful things that will add to these students’ lives immeasurably, but I also hope I am able to pass on to them the lesson that I learned from Prof. Raymo of finding your own individual path. I’m the luckiest person in the world to be standing in front of that classroom, and each one of them is off on their own epic journey to find themselves.\n(Above: Kathy Bishop with Robert Raymo)\nPosted by Arts and Science Alumni Staff at 6:48 AM\nBeing Social with Forbes' Tweeter, Brittany Binows...\nTalking with Evan Korth: the NYC \"Tech Guy\"\n5th Annual NYU at the Bronx Zoo\nA Post by One of \"The Best 300 Professors\" in the ...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line75027"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7495027780532837,"wiki_prob":0.2504972219467163,"text":"home // News // Fewer dental cavities found in young people, but minorities still most at risk //\nFewer dental cavities found in young people, but minorities still most at risk\nSource: CNN | Health | April 13th, 2018 | By Erin Gabriel\nLocation: United States, National USA\n(CNN) – The percentage of young people with dental cavities in the United States dropped from 50% in 2012 to just over 43% in 2016, according to a new study from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\nAlthough the overall trend is a positive one, young members of minority communities continue to have the highest number of cavities as well as the highest number of untreated cavities, the CDC found in its latest study of dental decay. The findings were based on national data gathered from young people living in the United States aged between 2 and 19, compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics.\nThe highest prevalence of total and untreated cavities was found among Hispanic and non-Hispanic black youth, according to the study, released Friday. Hispanic youths had the most cavities (52%) compared with black (44.3%), Asian (42.6%) and white (39%) youths. Black youths had the most untreated cavities (17.1%) compared with Hispanic (13.5%), white (11.7%) and Asian (10.5%) youths.\nThe American Dental Association has tracked the historical trend of racial disparity in oral health care — and its correlation to income levels — over several decades. It has also found that the prevalence has gone down but is still highest in Hispanic and black youth.\nConsequences of cavities\nThe implications of poor oral health are wide-ranging, experts say. Dental cavities are the most common chronic disease among youth ages 6 to 19. If untreated, they can cause pain and infection.\nIn very rare cases, tooth decay has the potential to be deadly. Study author Dr. Eleanor Fleming cited the case of 12-year-old Maryland boy Deamonte Driver, who died in 2007 due to a severe brain infection caused by dental decay.\nIf baby teeth have untreated decay, it can have negative implications on the adult teeth. It can also prevent permanent teeth from growing in properly, according to Fleming, a dentist and part of the National Center for Health Statistics’ Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.\nCavities can lead students to miss school, to not be able to chew properly and to not be able to speak and communicate effectively due to pain, she said.\nFor many young people, “the most important aspect of how caries (cavities) impacts you is that it impacts your academic performance,” said Dr. Roseann Mulligan, associate dean and professor at the University of Southern California’s Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry.\nIf you are in constant discomfort, your ability to focus and study suffers, said Mulligan, who was not involved in the new report.\nWhy are minorities most at risk?\nMulligan cited several reasons why Hispanic and black youth might have the highest prevalence of total and untreated cavities, including socioeconomic status, education level and access to health care.\n“The prevalence of total dental [cavities] decreased as family income levels increased, from 51.8% for youth from families living below the federal poverty level to 34.2% for youth from families with income levels greater than 300% of the federal poverty level,” according to the CDC study.\n“The prevalence of untreated dental [cavities] decreased from 18.6% for youth from families living below the federal poverty level to 7.0% for youth from families with incomes greater than 300% of the federal poverty level,” the study found.\nIn order to address this issue, medical professionals are going into communities to offer access to oral health care, educate families and children about the importance of oral health, and help families find dental clinics that are accessible to them.\nThis means finding clinics that will accept these families, whether they have insurance or not, and that are geographically close enough for them to visit, Mulligan said.\n‘We have to think more broadly’\nHelping link families to oral health care is the most important step, she said, including putting resources out there so people know they exist. Even if families are eligible for public insurance, they may not know how to get it or understand what dentist or clinic their insurance will allow. Insurance can be very hard to navigate, Mulligan said.\nSocial issues often keep families from focusing on oral health, be they physical, financial or something else.\n“If we don’t have a multipronged effort, then I don’t think we are ever going to crack this problem. We have to think more broadly,” in a holistic way, Mulligan said.\nFamilies have a lot of competing priorities — getting food on the table, paying bills, dealing with illness — and this can cause oral health care to be put on the back burner. This is why it is important to help families address whatever issues may be keeping them from seeking oral health care, Mulligan said.\nSteps to good dental health\nAccording to the CDC, there are several simple steps parents can take to help ensure good oral health for children:\nFind a dentist if your child needs one.\nProtect your child’s teeth by using fluoride (Children younger than 2 should not use fluoride toothpaste unless recommended by doctor or dentist).\nAs soon as your child’s first tooth appears, talk to a medical professional about fluoride varnish.\nIf your drinking water is not fluoridated, ask a medical professional whether your child needs oral fluoride supplements.\nTalk to your child’s dentist about dental sealants.\nHave your child visit a dentist for a first checkup by age 1.\n*Original article online at http://www.keyt.com/health/fewer-dental-cavities-found-in-young-people-but-minorities-still-most-at-risk/728982742","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1062623"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6873451471328735,"wiki_prob":0.31265485286712646,"text":"Shellem Cline joins Brothers Redeemed Qt. of Hickory, NC\nScoops Staff December 16, 2010\nBrothers Redeemed Quartet of Hickory, NC is pleased to announce their newest member, Shellem Cline. Shellem has been in the Southern Gospel Music industry traveling as a soloist for the last number of years. “He is a phenomenal talent that will bring a lot of energy, youth, and excitement to our group,” says Cameron Woods, Lead Vocalist for the group. “We received a lot of resumes and inquiries for the vacant position, and after much consideration we feel that Shellem is who God wants to be a part of our family.” Shellem is only 22 years of age, and sings like a seasoned veteran. He will take a full-time vocal role within the group on January 1st, 2011.\nShellem is stepping in to fill the Tenor position that was vacated by the Founder and Manager of Brothers Redeemed Qt., Rusty Townsend. Rusty announced his resignation from the group publicly on November 21st, 2010. Rusty stated in his resignation letter, “I feel God has closed a door on something in my life and is opening a new one. I have worked a full-time job, as well as being a part-time Minister of Music, and tried to find time to be a father and husband all at once. I thank God for this opportunity, but I think it’s time that I focus on my ministry here at my church.”\nCameron Woods states, “Rusty will continue to manage the group, and make select appearances that we as well as our fans will greatly anticipate! I have enjoyed traveling with and singing for such a great man of God, and I pray that we will continue the legacy that he started over nine years ago. He will be missed, and our prayers go out to him and his family.”\nBrothers Redeemed have been in Ministry for the last nine years. They currently travel approximately 90-110 dates a year. If you would like to read more from Rusty’s resignation letter, along with more information about Brothers Redeemed Quartet, you may visit them online at www.tbrqt.com.\nbrothers redeemedpersonnel change\nTBN Offers Viewers a Gift Pack Full of Yuletide Favorites and TV Specials this Christmas Season\nPraise Incorporated Release “Contagious Christmas” CD","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1752289"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.803672194480896,"wiki_prob":0.803672194480896,"text":"Sarah Douglas\nSarah Douglas started sailing as a seven-year-old in Barbados and competed at her first world championships in the Optimist class when she was 10. She returned to Canada in 2008 to attend high school and moved into the Laser Radial class, quickly becoming one of the top youth sailors in the country.\nIn 2010, she competed at the inaugural Youth Olympic Games in Singapore in the Byte CII class. But after placing second at the Youth Nationals in 2010, Douglas lost her love of competition and spent the next two and a half years coaching youth athletes. During that time, she attended a camp for Team Ontario athletes headed to the Canada Games and was re-inspired to chase her Olympic dreams after hearing Rosie MacLennan speak about winning gold at London 2012. Douglas returned to competitive sailing in 2014 and was named to the senior national team in 2015.\nShe had a gradual rise up the international rankings, achieving a career highlight at the 2018 Sailing World Championships in Aarhus, Denmark where her sixth-place finish qualified an Olympic berth for Canada in the Laser Radial for Tokyo 2020. She followed that up in September 2018 with another sixth-place finish, this time at the World Cup Series stop in Enoshima, Japan.\nIn 2019, Douglas stood atop the podium at the Pan American Games in Lima, pushing through a bacterial infection that kept her mostly in bed when she wasn’t racing. A month later she posted a seventh-place finish at the official Olympic test event for Tokyo 2020, proving to her what perseverance could do. Douglas’ success has come despite being diagnosed at age 14 with the genetic blood disorder alpha thalassemia, which reduces the amount of hemoglobin her body can produce. As an endurance athlete, having less oxygen carried throughout her body could put her at a competitive disadvantage, but she works hard in the gym to ensure her fitness level is among the best in her boat class.\nA Little More About Sarah\nGetting into the Sport: Started sailing at age 7, drawn by her family’s love for the ocean… Growing up in Barbados allowed her to sail year round… Older brother Greg Douglas is a two-time Olympian in sailing who represented Barbados at Beijing 2008 and Canada at London 2012… Outside Interests: Earned her Bachelor of Commerce in Marketing Management at the University of Guelph in 2017… Ambassador for Fast and Female… Enjoys water activities (swimming, snorkeling, leisure sailing), cooking and anything associated with food… Odds and Ends: Never has green lines on her boat because they represent land and are considered bad luck…\nWorld Ranking List: Best Ranking (Laser Radial) – 3rd (June 2019)\nPan American Games: 2019 – GOLD (Laser Radial)\nWorld Championships: 2020 – 27th (Laser Radial); 2019 – 31st (Laser Radial); 2018 – 6th (Laser Radial); 2017 – 12th (Laser Radial); 2016 – 21st (Laser Radial); 2009 – 21st (Byte)\nYouth Olympic Games: 2010 – 10th (Byte)\nNine sailors nominated to Team Canada for Tokyo 2020\nPaula Nichols March 18, 2021\nDay 14 at Lima 2019: Team Canada lands largest medal haul of the Games\nRock-it Cargo helps sailor Sarah Douglas stay the course on her Olympic journey\nPaula Nichols December 11, 2020\nErin Rafuse\nErin Rafuse has dreamed of representing Canada since she started playing sports as a child. She first joined the national...\nGregory Douglas\nSailor Greg Douglas finished in 15th place in the Finn class in London while representing Canada at the Olympic Games…\nNikka Stoger\nNikka Stoger has been sailing since she was 15 years old and hasn’t put the tiller down since. She is…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line681019"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.645315945148468,"wiki_prob":0.354684054851532,"text":"by Bus Admin | Jun 23, 2021 | Community Engagement, General Updates/Newsletter\nWe are excited to announce the 13th class of Bus Summer Fellows!\nThe Bus Summer Fellowship is our longest running and signature leadership development and organizing program. Bus Fellows learn about social justice issues, and then apply that learning through political organizing. They run voter registration drives, lead our GOTV work, and engage their peers on issues that matter to them. Welcome!\nJarrett Arakaki (he/him) is from Bainbridge Island, WA and recently graduated from Whitman College. He majored in economics and minored in sociology. Jarrett has experience doing political work and but is excited to learn more about on-the-ground activism during the internship with the Washington Bus. He is also excited to meet the other fellows and connect with them! Jarrett is really passionate about playing ultimate frisbee, reading Harry Potter, and watching baseball.\nErica Calloway (she/they) is a recent graduate of Seattle University’s Bachelor’s in Social Work program. Erica has worked on equity in education with the Center for Community Engagement, but she is really excited to learn more about labor policy and activism. They can’t wait to learn more about community organizing from the other Fellows and her mentor! During her time off this summer, they’ll probably be in the kitchen making some baked goods (macrons are on the list to try), reading a book in bed, or having long conversations about astrology with her sister.\nShaiann Dickey (she/her) is a University of Washington graduate with a bachelor’s degree in American Ethnic Studies and double minor in LSJ (Law, Societies, and Justice) and diversity. Shaiann’s studies ignited her passion for social justice and equity and after graduating from UW, she was able to gain organizing experience as an intern within the labor movement advocating for the rights of working class communities. She is excited for the opportunity to broaden her knowledge of political organizing as a Washington Bus Fellow and really looks forward to getting to know her peers! During Shaiann’s free time she is excited for brunches, spending the day at the lake, and going to Disneyland.\nAlexander Gray (he/him) is a student at the University of Washington Studying political science. Alex has been a legislative organizer during the 2021 washington legislative session with The Alliance For Gun Responsibility and is the president and founder of their chapter team on the UW’s campus. His interest in activism centers around an emphasis Mental health care and Environmental protections. During the fellowship he aims to both build community and do some important work. In his free time he enjoys reading, photography, painting and playing soccer.\nKate Harvey (she/her) was born and raised in Walla Walla, Washington, and now attends college at Wesleyan University in Connecticut. There, she studies American Studies and Civic Engagement. In Walla Walla, she has participated in organizing for abortion rights and sex-education, against anti-gun violence, and planning local pride events. She is excited to continue community organizing and advocating for political change in Washington State with the Bus and the other fellows. In her free time, Kate can be found hosting her radio show, reading, or cooking with her housemates.\nStorm Nguyen (they/them) is a queer nonbinary creative and activist based in Seattle, Washington. Storm is a rising college junior at Seattle Pacific University majoring in Fashion Design and minoring in Psychology. Storm is also a photography creative and their work can be found on Instagram (@stcrmsworld). Storm is a member of the Emerald Youth Organizing Collective, a Staff Photographer at Rice and Spice Magazine (a creative arts zine centered around the Asian American experience) and has past experience organizing with the ACLU. Storm will serve as the Event Coordinator and Event Fellow for their school’s multiethnic programs office for the 2021-22 school year. Storm’s advocacy mainly centers around lgbtqia+ rights, police abolition, racial justice and liberation, fashion/art/culture and mental health equity,\nNdidi Opara (she/her) was born in California, raised in Arizona and based out of the East Seattle suburbs; and is a community and national organizer. On a local level, her work includes serving on municipal and regional advisory boards to working on Social Media and Comms for Emerald Youth Organizing Collective. She is excited to be able to pursue more local organizing. At a national level, her work includes issue advocacy work with BlueFuture, advocacy work with MovementLabs, and journalism with StudentVoice. Ndidi hopes to explore Public Policy more during her Freshman year at the University of Chicago. Outside of politics, she enjoys fashion design, media, art, and music.\nFaith Rasmussen (she/her) is an Idaho Virtual Academy Graduate. She has spent the past year engaging in racial justice and organizing BLM protests in Seattle and helping organize mutual aid in Capitol Hill. Faith is an incoming freshman at the University of Washington-Tacoma and plans on majoring in Law and Policy, while also minoring in Human Rights. She is excited to learn about intersectional issues, along with connecting with other like-minded people with a passion to make the world better! Her favorite hobbies are reading, writing, and hiking with her poodle-mix named Schmidt!\nFadumo Roble (she/her) is a student at the University of Washington majoring in Political Science and minoring in Law, Societies, and Justice – hoping to pursue a career in law. Fadumo is involved within her community through events within the city of Bellevue, Eastside for All, Muslims 4 Abolition, her local mosque, and assisting other grassroots movements. Fadumo founded a youth-led organization called Movement of Advocacy for Youth (MAY) in which they strive to empower the youth in the community to work towards a better future through advocacy, voting, and civic engagement. During the fellowship, she hopes to learn more about policy making and the work behind that, as well as bond with peers. In her free time, she loves spending time with friends, finding new coffee shops, reading, going to concerts (pre-covid ofc), and exploring Washington State.\nJenni Ruiz (she/her) is a first generation Mexican American student. A rising third year student at the University of Washington – Seattle. She is majoring in Law, Societies and Justice and hoping to double minor in Spanish and Human Rights. Aside from that she is a sister of Kappa Delta Chi, a Latina based but not exclusive sorority and interns for Poder Común which is an organization with a goal to get more Latino voters here in Washington. During the Fellowship, she hopes to create long-lasting bonds with everyone and do more hands on activism.\nTashmee Sarwar (she/her) is a North Creek High School graduate and former ASB executive officer of three years. Her personal focuses were on making sure that underrepresented groups in her community were being heard and respected, and organizing protests at the school and district level for systemic change. She now attends the University of Washington with a focus on Biology and Law. Through this fellowship, she is excited to take her passion for social activism to more focused issues in the Seattle area. Engaging in meaningful conversations about life and enjoying nature are some of her favorite pastimes!\nLuke Lokahi Scott (he/him) is an incoming junior at the University of Washington Bothell. He is double majoring in Law, Economics, and Public Policy and Community Psychology while pursuing a minor in Gender, Women, and Sexuality Studies. After competing in mock trial for Henry M. Jackson High School in Mill Creek, he joined the UWB Speech and Debate Team and will serve as team captain in the upcoming year. He plans to use his lived experience as transgender queer citizen and the skills he continues to develop in programs such as this fellowship to become a public defender and serve the most marginalized and forgotten community members in society. In this fellowship, he hopes to connect with like-minded activists and create positive, local, and lasting change. In his free time, Luke loves bodybuilding, reading and writing, and playing guitar or piano!\nAriana Siddiqui-Dennis (she/her) is a Seattle University graduate with degrees in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies and International Studies. Her research focuses on Islamic feminism and Muslim women’s leadership and organizing across the Muslim world. She held positions in her university’s Gender Justice Center, Muslim Student Association, and Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Advisory council, as well as engaged in international, anti-imperialist organizing on and off campus. She is passionate about community organizing and is looking forward to continuing this work beyond her college campus. She enjoys dancing, playing with her two dogs Waffles and Luna, and learning to cook Afghan food and read Rumi poetry.\nZoe Williams (she/her) is a former Highline College student who emphasized her area of study in Sociology. She is looking forward to learn how elected officials take voters’ concerns and implement effective change. She is also excited to learn what motivates voters and how to organize to creatively resolve issues community members face. She spent 10 days in Vietnam with Highline College’s Global Programs to study the Supply Chain. She has rediscovered her passion for reading and visits her local library often. She enjoys spoken word poetry and storytelling, and R&B music from now and decades past. If you see her watching TV, she is probably guessing the questions on Jeopardy.\nAsemayet Zekaryas (she/her) is going into her sophomore year at USC where is studying Public Policy. She is passionate about education equity and hopes to learn more about education policy. Sparking discussion on important topics such as education inequity is important to her and she has found podcasts are a way to do that. She has found podcasts to be the conversations others can listen to that help them start more conversations. She enjoys listening to podcasts and has made some of her own. Asemayet is excited to meet and learn from her peers and have meaningful conversations.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1273536"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6587719917297363,"wiki_prob":0.6587719917297363,"text":"Orotelli\nA characteristic \"granite\" village in central Sardinia, half-way between Nuoro and Macomer, with a wealth of craft and carnival traditions, churches and archaeological sites\nThe village is set on the edges of the Marghine mountain chain, on the granite plateau of sa Serra, where there is a natural park abounding with prehistoric relics. Orotelli is a town with 2000 inhabitants in the Barbagia di Ollolai, one of Borghi autentici d’Italia, known for producing excellent quality wheat, leather and stone goods as well as for its ancient traditions, such as the famous Thurpos (blind man's) mask, worn by men along with a black orbace (heavy woollen) hooded coat. Along with Mamoiada and Ottana, Orotelli is one of the most significant Barbagia carnivals. The hypotheses surrounding the origins of the name focus on its characteristics: it could derive from the Greek term oros (plateau) and tello (to be born), or from the Latin ortellius, land of gold, for the wheat. Compared to other nearby agricultural towns, Orotelli has always been known for its cereal-growing tradition. The local cobblers are masters in creating the traditional leather sos cambales (boots). You can see them at work in November, during the Autunno in Barbagia event.\nThe town is divided into two nuclei. The low, robustly-built granite houses of the historical centre are laid out around the parish church of San Giovanni Battista, an impressive Romanesque monument with a suggestive 14th century bell tower, or the nearby Church of San Lussorio, built in the 18th century in granite blocks. The new quarter of Mussinzua features the once-rural church of San Salvatore (16th century) and the other parish church of Spirito Santo, built on the ruins of a 14th century Aragonese church. The church of patron saint San Giovanni (celebrated in late August), built in red trachyte in the early 12th century, has undergone several restorations that have altered the original Romanesque layout, of which only the facade, apse and pilasters of the transept and sides remain. For 23 years (1116-39) it was the home of the diocese of Othana, while the new cathedral, the Church of San Nicola in Ottana, was being completed. Two other sanctuaries stand out in the countryside, in the centre of abandoned medieval villages: Nostra Signora di Sinne and the Church of San Pietro in Oddini, located next to the Sos Banzos hot, sulphurous springs with therapeutic properties.\nThe origins of the town date to pre-Nuragic times, as confirmed by the Sinne dolmen. The Giants' tombs of Forolo and sa Turre ‘e su Campanile, along with several Nuraghes (some of which have only one tower) date from the Bronze Age, including the spectacular Aeddos Nuraghe, one of the most important prehistoric remains in the Nuoro area. Built from enormous blocks of granite, the sheer size has remained intact over the millennia. The small Càlone Nuraghe that dominates the entrance to the town, and the Nuraghes with a central tower and tripartite bastions in the sa Serra park, are also of interest.\nIn a town in the heart of Sardinia, you can discover a way of life that has survived the centuries, from ancient churches to Nuraghes, from carnival masks to cambales\nChurch of san Giovanni Battista\nNuragic or pre-Nuragic archaeology\nnecropoli Sas Concas\nOniferi\nNivola Museum\nSarule\nOttana\nChurch of San Nicola\nMountain or hill\nMonte Gonare\nIllorai\nBottidda\nBolotana\nDA GIOVANNA\nL'ANTICA LOCANDA\nSU PRADU","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line94518"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9216040372848511,"wiki_prob":0.9216040372848511,"text":"United Kingdom's Boris Johnson. Photo Credit: Government of UK, Wikipedia Commons.\n1 World News\nSquabble Erupts Over Boris Johnson’s World War Two Jibe\nJanuary 18, 2017 EurActiv 0 Comments\nBy Matthew Tempest\n(EurActiv) — British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson compared Brexit negotiations to World War Two “punishment beatings” on Wednesday (18 January), just 24 hours after Theresa May had warned about “hyped up media reports making it harder for us to get the right deal for Britain”.\nJohnson, known for his gaffes and hyperbole, made the comment during a trip to India but its repercussions were felt immediately in Brussels and London.\nThe Foreign Secretary, a leading Leave campaigner who then ducked out of the running to succeed David Cameron as prime minister, said “I think that if [French President] Monsieur Hollande wants to administer punishment beatings to anybody who chooses to escape, rather in manner of some sort of World War II movie, then I don’t think that is the way forward.”\nThe former journalist made the remarks at a political conference in New Delhi.\nGuy Verhofstadt, the European Parliament’s Brexit negotiator, labelled the comments as “abhorrent and deeply unhelpful” and urged May to condemn it.\nIn fact, a Downing Street spokeswoman told reporters it was a “theatrical comparison”.\n“He was making a point. He was in no way suggesting that anyone was a Nazi,” she said. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn also voiced disapproval, calling them “wild and inappropriate”.\nIt was, in fact, the second time in one day Conservative ministers had invoked the Second World War in relation to the EU exit negotiations.\nEarlier, Minister for Leaving the EU David Davis had said “If our country can deal with World War Two, it can deal with this.”\nSpitfires, the White Cliffs of Dover and the UK’s “finest hour” are a motif of UKIP campaigning, with similar imagery now slipping into mainstream Conservative speeches – suggesting a tin ear to the continent, where the EU is seen as solidifying the peace following Hitler’s war.\nIn her keynote speech on Britain’s negotiating objectives yesterday (17 January), Prime Minister Theresa May specifically cautioned against loose talk and indiscipline.\nShe said: “It is a crucial and sensitive negotiation that will define the interests and the success of our country for many years to come. And it is vital that we maintain our discipline.\n“That is why I have said before – and will continue to say – that every stray word and every hyped up media report is going to make it harder for us to get the right deal for Britain.\n“Our opposite numbers in the European Commission know it, which is why they are keeping their discipline. And the ministers in this government know it too, which is why we will also maintain ours.”\nMay appointed Johnson Foreign Secretary after he ducked out of the leadership race, following David Cameron’s resignation in the wake of the referendum defeat.\nMany suspected that May – who campaigned for Remain – appointed Johnson, Davis and Liam Fox – all Leave campaigners, to the three crucial Brexit ministries to force them to make the negotiations live up to the promises made during the campaign.\nJohnson’s brother, Jo Johnson, a fellow MP and Universities Minister, told BBC radio: “He was making a powerful point that we want a rational deal.\n“He was using colourful language to get across an important point,” he said.\nHollande has consistently said Britain would not be granted better trading terms outside the single market, while German Chancellor Angela Merkel warned – before May’s speech – that the UK would not be allowed to “cherry pick” items it liked from EU membership.\nJohnson, in Delhi, said Britain’s decision to exit the single market did not mean it wanted to stop having access to EU countries.\n“We should be working together. It seems absolutely incredible to me that in the 21st century, the European Union… should be seriously contemplating the introduction of tariffs or whatever to administer punishment to (the) UK,” he said.\n“And don’t forget, these things cut both ways. After all, the Germans, as is well known, export one-fifth of their motor manufacturing output.”\nThe British foreign secretary is due to meet India’s prime minister and finance minister during his two-day trip to the country.\nBritain has made clear its desire to boost trade with India, the world’s fastest-growing major economy.\n“I think time is fast upon us that we need to turbo charge this relationship with a new free trade deal such as we would shortly be able to do,” Johnson said.\n“We can’t negotiate it now but we can sketch it out in pencil, on the back of an envelope,” he added.\n← Spain’s PM Rajoy Receives Georgia’s PM Giorgi Kvirikashvili\nPolicies Needed To Address Concerns That Fuel Populism: Davos →","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line573116"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6208713054656982,"wiki_prob":0.37912869453430176,"text":"Bali's Sacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary and more!\nLee and I both had night flights from Bali so Lee arranged a driver for us to see some of the highlights on Bali including the Sacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary; I was walking past when this monkey jumped on me and decided to stay\nThere are 5 monuments on one side of the river at Gunung Kawi and 4 on the other; President Obama lived in Indonesia as a child and has visited this shrine\nRice had just been planted in the Ceking Rice Terraces; Bali is famous for it's beautiful rice terraces (including one that is a UNESCO World Heritage Site but it was too far away)\nThis would have been Lee and me waiting all day at the Bali airport; instead Lee got us a driver so we could see Bali and the cost was only $56 for the whole day\nThis temple in the middle of the Sacred Forest Monkey Sanctuary dates from the mid-14th century; admission to the monkey sanctuary was only $5.60\nWe saw some enormous banyan trees on Bali which are sacred to the Hindus; for the Balinese, the tree is a symbol of unity and power and is depicted on the national coat of arms of Indonesia\nI kept getting Lee to inch closer but this was as close as he would get; the monkey didn't seem bothered as he was content eating (I don't think the monkey would have shared though)\nThe main food of the monkeys is sweet potato but they also like bananas, corn, papaya leaf, coconut and cucumbers; there was plenty of food throughout the sanctuary as these guys were very well fed\nThriving Ubud was congested with American stores (including Circle K); we didn't spend the night at the Ubud Four Seasons like the Obamas did\nGunung Kawi is an 11th-century temple and funerary complex in central Bali that is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site; the 23 ft high cut rock shrines are carved into sheltered niches of the sheer cliff face\nWe had to climb up and down 272 steps to reach the Gunung Kawi shrine near Ubud; while we were at the bottom torrential rains came and turned the steps into a waterfall!\nThere are millions of deities in the Hindu religion and I wonder how you can even know the 100 most important ones; there tend to be more goddesses than gods and, typically, they represent spiritual concepts\nBali has a very modern airport with non-stop service from Istanbul, Moscow, London and all major Asian cities; unfortunately, North Americans have no non-stop service but you could visit Japan, Singapore or Hong Kong en route\nIndonesia has banned Chinese visitors due to coronavirus; the Sacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary was full of stone carvings of the various Hindu gods\nAbout 1060 macaques occupy the Sacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary; you're told to not bring food into the park since the monkeys will steal anything (including hats and hand sanitizer)\nLocals are buried in temporary graves until they have a community cremation ceremony which, for this community, is only once every 5 years; Hindu customs were followed everywhere we went on Bali\nAll females participate in protecting and rearing the many babies; the male monkeys live to be 15 on average while the females live closer to 20 years\nThe monkeys spend a large amount of time grooming each other; our driver highly recommended Komodo National Park (rather than Raja Ampat which he thought was too expensive)\nBali is the only Hindu part of Indonesia, with the rest of the country being majority Muslim; Bali had modern roads and was much more Westernized than other places I've seen in SE Asia\nSacred Monkey Forest Sanctuary; this area is known for cool glass bowls melted to conform with part of a tree which is used as the base; woodworking is a popular profession with lots of furniture made in the area\nThere are plenty of Russians visiting Bali (see lower right); the Ubud area has become more famous due to the best-selling book and movie (starring Julia Roberts)- Eat, Pray, Love","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1583311"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6170725226402283,"wiki_prob":0.6170725226402283,"text":"Projects with Youth\nAstounding Alphabet Stories\nSanctified\nRiver Inside a River\nInside My Closet\nImpediment\nGolden Lotus\nFrogskin\nMarriage Matters\nOfferings at the Crossroads\nAbout Cheri\nCheri Gaulke’s art and life were profoundly changed in 1975, when she moved from the Midwest to Los Angeles to join the Feminist Studio Workshop at the Woman’s Building. She worked primarily in performance art from 1974-1992, addressing themes such as the body, religion, sexual identity, and the environment. In addition to her solo work, she co-founded collaborative performance groups Feminist Art Workers (1976-81) and Sisters Of Survival (1981-85).\nGaulke’s art continues to be a vehicle for social commentary, and as a way to tell the stories of individuals and groups under-represented in society. Her public art includes a Metro station and a Filipino WWII Veterans Memorial; her artists’ books are in university and museum collections nationwide and her videos have been screened in film festivals internationally.\nAs an educator, Gaulke has mentored hundreds of award-winning youth videos as Visual Arts Department Chair at Harvard-Westlake School, Director of Harvard-Westlake Summer Film, and Artistic Director of The Righteous Conversations Project.\n© Copyright Cheri Gaulke","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1623191"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5706532001495361,"wiki_prob":0.42934679985046387,"text":"USA.com / New Jersey / Burlington County / Maple Shade, NJ / 08052\n08052 Zip Code\nSchool District | Public Schools | Private Schools | Public Library\n08052 zip code is located close to the center of New Jersey. 08052 zip code is part of Burlington County. 08052 zip code has 3.83 square miles of land area and 0.00 square miles of water area. As of 2010-2014, the total 08052 zip code population is 19,117, which has grown 0.20% since 2000. The population growth rate is much lower than the state average rate of 5.47% and is much lower than the national average rate of 11.61%. 08052 zip code median household income is $58,823 in 2010-2014 and has grown by 29.49% since 2000. The income growth rate is about the same as the state average rate of 30.67% and is higher than the national average rate of 27.36%. 08052 zip code median house value is $187,600 in 2010-2014 and has grown by 73.86% since 2000. The house value growth rate is lower than the state average rate of 87.30% and is much higher than the national average rate of 46.91%. As a reference, the national Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation rate for the same period is 26.63%. On average, the public school district that covers 08052 zip code is worse than the state average in quality. The 08052 zip code area code is 856.\nPopulation 19,117 (2010-2014), rank #173\nPopulation Growth 0.20% since 2000, rank #367\nPopulation Density: 4,992.08/sq mi, rank #114\nMedian Household Income: $58,823 at 2010-2014—29.49% increase since 2000, see rank\nMedian House Price: $187,600 at 2010-2014—73.86% increase since 2000, see rank\nTime Zone: Eastern GMT -5:00 with Daylight Saving in the Summer\nLand Area: 3.83 sq mi, rank #332\nWater Area: 0.00 sq mi (0.03%), rank #547\nArea: Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD\nCounty: Burlington County\nCity: Maple Shade\nSchool District: , rank #568\nHigh / Low NJ Cities by Males Employed\nHigh / Low NJ Cities by Females Employed\nExpensive / Cheapest Homes by City in NJ\n08052 Zip Code Map, Border, and Nearby Locations\nBurlington County\nPhiladelphia, Camden, Wilmington Area","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1297321"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9464272260665894,"wiki_prob":0.9464272260665894,"text":"REVIEW: ITV’s true life drama ‘Manhunt’ needs to pick up the pace.\nby Luke Knowles | Jan 6, 2019 | All, Reviews\nReviewing true stories always makes me a bit uncomfortable. Who am I to critique the lives of people who have been the victims of such a terrible tragedy? But, when a true story is depicted on screen you have to remove emotion and view it as a piece of television drama. ITV’s Manhunt, which is co-written by Senior Investigating Officer Colin Sutton and veteran TV writer Ed Whitmore begins with a caption telling us ‘some names have changed and some situations changed for dramatic purposes.\nThe three-part drama which airs over three nights this week is based on Sutton’s own memoirs and focuses on the investigation of murders committed in and around London. This first episode focuses on the death of 22-year-old French girl Amélie Delagrange. She’s found dead on Twickenham Green. Sutton is brought in to lead the team investigating her death (she’s been bludgeoned with a hammer we’re led to believe). Martin Clunes, whose production company has made the series stars as Sutton and it’s quite the transformation. Sutton is straight-laced, suited and booted and a back to basics type copper. He’s not weighed down by the magnitude of the task in front of him and tackles everything systematically and pragmatically. His home life is ordinary. He’s happy at home with wife Louise and everything seems fine.\nOnly this week I droned on about how disappointed I was that the crime element of Luther was left in the foreground with writer Neil Cross preferring to spend more time having his wayward cop race across London to stop one ridiculous calamity after another. Whilst I appreciate Luther isn’t your bog standard crime drama it’s fair to say that Manhunt is the complete antithesis of this. Perhaps because this is based on the true story is pacing is slowed to a crawl as Sutton and his team comb through rivers, watch hours of CCTV and have discussions on their progress.\nWhilst I like my crime drama to feel authentic, I really struggled with this first episode. Clunes plays Sutton well, but it’s clear that he’s a character who feels almost too real for television. It’s all quite mundane and uneventful. Calling a TV character ‘ordinary’ isn’t a bad thing, especially when much of the drama in recent memory has been incredibly heightened and over the top, but Sutton is quite a dull character and even although Clunes always has a warm presence on screen the character he’s portraying here doesn’t leave him with a great deal to do. He tells his team early on, “I’m more John Major than Churchill when it comes to speeches’ and I think that sums him up well, he’s not really that memorable or engaging and because the whole piece has him as the focus it feels a little flat.\nThis isn’t always the case. ITV have had great success with stories of this kind 2011’s Appropriate Adult was incredibly gripping as was 2012’s Mrs Biggs, but those worked because the central characters were really interesting. Here, there isn’t such an engaging character at the centre and while the police investigation has some feels by the book, there’s not much to be excited by or engaged with. As retelling’s of true stories go it does feel incredibly respectable to those involved, and I wouldn’t want it to feel overly sensationalized, but I needed a bit of injection of intrigue or excitement.\nI feel I have to say this takes nothing away from the work of Sutton and his team it’s just that as a piece of scripted drama there’s nothing here we haven’t seen before. Sutton was clearly good at his job, he just doesn’t make for a compelling central character that I want to spend the next three hours with.\nManhunt Continues Tomorrow night at 9.00pm and concludes Tuesday at 9.00pm on ITV.\nCustardtv Reviews | ITV | Luke | UK drama series","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1283730"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6889387965202332,"wiki_prob":0.6889387965202332,"text":"FAQ: Auditions\nPRESS TIME - READ ALL ABOUT IT\nENCHANTED FOREST CASE AGAINST\nTHE BIG BAD WOLF IS EXPECTED\nTHIS SPRING .......\nOCEAN PINES PLAYERS\nCONFIRM ​RUMOR !\n​ For Immediate Release ​\n​Ocean Pines Players Marketing\nYOUTH AGES: 8-17 \"Free\" PRE-AUDITION CLASS\nYOUTH AGES: 8-17 AUDITIONS\n​The Ocean Pines Players announces Pre-Audition Prep Class and the Youth Auditions for the production of \"The Big Bad Musical. \"\n\"Free\" Pre-Audition Class is designed to review the music and concept of the musical. This class will be offered twice, on Thursdays, February 10th and February 17th from 6:00-7:00 pm at the Ocean Pines Community Center. The purpose is to encourage the Youth in our community to participate in live theater.\nThe Youth Auditions are FEBRUARY 22 & 23 from 5-7 pm at the Ocean Pines Community Center located at 235 Ocean Pkwy, Ocean Pines, MD 21811. With no experience necessary, these auditions are open to ages 8-17 and designed to be safe, casual, and fun. Mark your calendar and tell your friends!\nThe storybooks’ quirky characters want to get even with the notorious Big Bad Wolf by filing a class-action lawsuit. A cast of eighteen is necessary to commence the legal wrangling as the two greatest legal minds in the Enchanted Forest, aka the Evil Stepmother and the Fairy Godmother clash in this judicially funny match up.\n​For more information and the Audition Form, please go to: http://sites.google.com/view/oceanpinesplayers or email the Director, Frank Pasqualino: BigBadMusicalOPP@google.com. The Big Bad Musical by Al Strum, with music and lyrics by Bill Francoeur is possible through Pioneer Drama Services, Inc of Englewood, Colorado.\nThe OP Players values diversity and inclusion in casting and all other areas of the organization. For more general information on the Ocean Pines Players, follow us on our Facebook page or visit www.oceanpinesplayers.com.\nOPP is a local all-volunteer 501-(c)(3) charitable organization and supported in part by a grant from the Worcester County Arts Council & Maryland State Arts Council.\nPRESS RELEASE Contact:\n​Karen McClure, Ocean Pines Players\n1-703-727-0528 ocpinesplayers@outlook.com ocpinesplayers@outlook.com\nAUDITIONS! No Experience Necessary The Ocean Pines Players are holding general auditions for actors, prospective actors, and singers for the upcoming season by appointment between July 5 and July 17. Locations may vary by day, but will all be in Ocean Pines. These auditions are open to everyone and are designed to be casual and fun. Depending on availability, up to four people may be scheduled to audition simultaneously, which often creates a more relaxed, creative, and informal dynamic. There is no need to prepare anything in advance. Monologs, resumes, and head shots are welcome, but not required. Everyone will be asked to participate in an acting audition. Actors may also audition as singers, if desired. Casting decisions always focus as much on attitude, potential, and willingness to take direction as on experience, so beginners are encouraged to try out. To schedule an audition, contact Karen McClure at 703-727-0528. The Ocean Pines Players is a local all-volunteer 501(c)3 non-profit organization. More information about the upcoming season and the Players can be found at www.oceanpinesplayers.com or by following the Ocean Pines Players on Facebook.\n​Ocean Pines PLAYERS is a proud member of the ​\nPerforming Arts in the Wor-Wic Community\nPRESS RELEASE 2/29/2020\nOCEAN PINES PLAYERS HOLD\n2020 SEASON AUDITIONS\nFresh from their crowd-pleasing tribute to Linda Ronstadt, \"Different Drum,\" the OPP is already looking ahead to what is coming up next.\n​The Ocean Pines PLAYERS will be holding auditions for their season on two upcoming dates: Sunday, March 8 from 2:30 pm until 4:30 pm and Wednesday March 11 from 6:30 pm until 8:30 pm. These auditions will take place at the Parke clubhouse located at 2 Arcadia Ct., Ocean Pines. Plenty of parking, all are invited, all ages, no experience required. You are invited to come out and play with them. Tell your friends and invite them as well. For additional info, or if you cannot make these dates and wish to schedule a different audition time, go to OPP's web page at www.oceanpinesplayers.com and send a contact message.\nThe group is specifically looking to fill 5 female roles for a production of The Dixie Swim Club scheduled for June 6, 7, 12, 13 and 14 at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church in Ocean City, MD. But they would also like to audition everyone interested in any of their future productions. These would include comedies, dramas and musicals for the stage, cabaret style performances like the recent tribute and Radio Airwaves shows. Last summer, they joined with the OC Life Saving Museum for the Boardwalk shows highlighting events in the city’s early history. Performers are needed as the Players reprise this production in addition to similar performances with other local museums. Jerry Gietka, Chair of the Production Committee stated the need for children especially for the 2020 Fall production. Anyone interested in helping out in any backstage or front of house capacity is also welcomed to come and talk with members of the group during the auditions.\nOPP is a local all-volunteer 501-(c)(3) charitable organization and proudly supports the local Arts Community in the area. The Ocean Pines Players are supported in part by a grant from the Worcester County Arts Council & Maryland State Arts Council.\nLocal children featured in OPP’s holiday performance of Ken Ludwig’s “Twas the Night Before Christmas”\npress release 12/2/2019\nNearly a dozen local children will be the stars in the Ocean Pines Players’ production of Ken Ludwig’s children’s play ‘Twas The Night Before Christmas, based on the original classic poem.\nThe play will be performed on Friday, December 13 at St. Peter's Lutheran Church at 10301 Coastal Hwy, Ocean City, at 7 p.m. and on Saturday and Sunday, December 14 and 15, at 2:30 p.m. at the Red Doors Community Center located at 10959 Worcester Highway, Berlin.\nThe cast of young performers come from Ocean Pines, Ocean City, Selbyville, Berlin and Bishopville. They were chosen in November after an audition call by the Ocean Pines Players.\nThis delightful children’s story follows the quest by a spunky little girl named Emily, her friend, Amos, a mouse, and Calliope, an Elf, who want to find out why Santa missed her house the previous year.\nThe children, ages 9 to 14, who have been cast in the show are: Alyssa Clymire of Ocean Pines, who will play Emily; Emma Feagans of Selbyville as Amos the mouse; Emily Backof of Ocean City, playing Calliope the good elf; Kenady Scott of Ocean Pines as Amos of Kansas, a cousin to Amos; Marlie Scott of Ocean Pines as Sir Guy, an evil elf; And Elise Baycura of Bishopville as Mulch, sidekick to Sir Guy. Rounding out the childrens’ cast as elves and reindeer are Amori Purnell, Maheila and Makaiya Robinette, and Seamus and Ewan Betz, all from Berlin.\nAdult roles in the play will be performed by members of the Ocean Pines Players -- Jerry Gietka, who also directs the show, Lee Olsen, and Kathy Wiley. OPP President Karen McClure is the show’s musical director. Andrea Clymire is the assistant director.\nTickets for the play are $15 for adults and $10 for children 3 to 16, payable at the door, although seats can be reserved in advance on the Ocean Pines Players website at www.oceanpinesplayers.com.\nOPP is also hoping to feature a special presentation by some of the students from the dance classes at the Red Door Community Center at St. Paul's by the Sea. The Ocean Pines Players wishes to express a special thank you to them for graciously hosting this production.\nThe Ocean Pines Players is a local, all-volunteer, 501 (c)(3) non-profit charitable organization. Consider joining our organization and continue the tradition of “local” theater in the greater Ocean City area. Follow the Ocean Pines PLAYERS on Facebook and visit us online at www.oceanpinesplayers.com.\nKen Ludwig's 'Twas The Night Before Christmas is presented by special arrangement with Samuel French, Inc., a Concord Theatricals Company.\nGenerous Gift to OP Players Means\nBig Savings to Audience for New Show\nThe Ocean Pines Players just received a very generous private donation and they have decided to pay it forward to the audience of their upcoming show, Assisted Living the Musical, which runs November 22 – 25, 2019 at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church in Ocean City.\nThe first 200 tickets for the show will be reduced from $20 to $15. Those who have already made reservations are included in this discount pricing.\nThe non-profit group’s president, Karen McClure stated, “We are so grateful for this gift and we wanted to share it with our audience to say thank you for your amazing support over the last 40 years, especially during this time of rebuilding. Happy Thanksgiving to all of our wonderful friends here in beautiful Delmarva!” For further information, please go online to www.oceanpinesplayers.com or visit the Facebook page.\nZany !!!\nAssisted Living the Musical\n​Next Up for Ocean Pines Players,\n​Christmas Show Scheduled for December\n​PRESS RELEASE 11/10/2019\nThe zany November production of Assisted Living the Musical, by Rick Compton and Betsy Bennett, will be the next production performed by the Ocean Pines Players.\nThe musical, an ambitious project for OPP because of its large cast and many musical and comedic skits, is a vaudeville-style show with as many as 18 characters performing.\nIt runs 90 minutes, during which time the audience will be entertained by 18 residents of Pelican Roost, a “full-service retirement home for those drifting into their twilight years, but further away from sanity.” Pelican Roost is home to colorful characters, a place where buffoonery lives next door to screwball, just across the way from cockamamie.\nThe play will be performed at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church at 10301 Coastal Highway in Ocean City on Friday and Saturday, Nov. 22 and 23 at 7 p.m.; a Sunday matinee on Nov. 24 at 2:30 p.m.; and on Monday evening, Nov. 25, at 7 p.m. To make ticket reservations go online to www.oceanpinesplayers.com\nThe Ocean Pines Players also announced they will stage the Christmas show, ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas, in December. The play by Ken Ludwig, is a child favorite about a mouse, an elf, and a spunky girl, Emily, who won’t take no for an answer and go on a quest to find out why Santa missed their house last year. It will run December 14 and 15, starting at 2:30 p.m. at the Red Doors Community Center located 10959 Worcester Highway in Berlin\nP. O. Box 1566 Berlin, MD 21811\noceanpinesplayers@gmail.com\nPRESS RELEASE 10/05/2019\nOcean Pines Players and Radio Airwaves Combining Talents To Bring a Whole New Wave of Entertainment to Ocean City\n​Lovers of live theater and old-time radio can look forward to exciting new experiences with the combining of the Ocean Pines Players and the Radio Airwaves ensembles. The two community entertainment groups have announced their merger, with Radio Airwaves joining Ocean Pines Players.\nThe Ocean Pines Players have been performing in and around Ocean City for more than 40 years, since 1974. Radio Airwaves has been reproducing old-time radio programs since 2004 and is dedicated to preserving the rich heritage of this traditional American art form. The newly merged group is now planning a busy 2020 season that includes plays, musical theater, cabarets, radio plays, and museum collaborations.\nIn its most recent shows, Radio Airwaves performed a George Burns and Gracie Allen comedy standard Income Tax Problems, originally aired March 8, 1950, and My Favorite Husband, first broadcast on April 30, 1950, starring Lucille Ball and Richard Denning as Liz and George Cooper, a married couple “who live together and like it.”\nThe Ocean Pines Players’ season for the remainder of the year is set, with the zany comedy, Assisted Living the Musical, by Rick Compton and Betsy Bennett, in November, followed by December’s joint production of ’Twas the Night Before Christmas by Ken Ludwig, in which a mouse, an elf, and a spunky girl, Emily, who won’t take no for an answer, go on a quest to find out why Santa missed their house last year.\nThe Ocean Pines Players is a local, all-volunteer, 501 (c)(3) non-profit charitable organization. For more details on these productions and for more information on the Ocean Pines Players follow us on Facebook or our web page at www.oceanpinesplayers.com.\n​Ocean Pines Players\nPress Release 9/5/19:\nAmbitious Schedule by Ocean Pines Players Brings Four Stage Shows in Four Months to Area Theater Goers\n​ Live theater lovers in Ocean City/Berlin and surrounding areas are looking forward to an ambitious and versatile finale to the 2019 season of the Ocean Pines Players, with a new production each month, September through December. Some of the productions will be seen for the first time in this area.\nUp first was a tribute Salute to Elton John, with performances scheduled for September 9 and 16 at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church on 103rd Street in Ocean City. In October the company scheduled Six Dance Lessons in Six Weeks, the first staging of this poignant work in the Ocean City area. That will be followed in November by the zany Assisted Living, the Musical. Then, in December, in its first joint production with Pocomoke’s historic Mar-VA Theater, OPP will stage the comedy, ’Twas the Night Before Christmas. Again, this will be the first time this magical holiday play will be performed in the area.\nIn Six Dance Lessons in Six Weeks, by American playwright Richard Alfieri, Delaware residents Victoria Cook and Thom Harris play Lily Harrison, a self-described “old biddy” who lives alone, and Michael Minetti, her dance instructor who was forced to leave his life as a chorus boy on Broadway behind. The witty dialogue supports the moving relationship that develops between the two. Six Dances will be performed on October 4, 5 and 7 at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church on 103rd Street in Ocean City at 7 p.m.; October 6 at St. Peter’s for a 2 p.m. matinee; and in a first for OPP, a performance at the Mar-VA Theater in Pocomoke on October 13 at 2 p.m.\nThe zany November production of Assisted Living the Musical by Rick Compton and Betsy Bennett is an ambitious project for OPP. It is a vaudeville-style show of songs and skits for as many as 18 characters. For 90 minutes, the audience will be entertained by the residents of Pelican Roost, a “full-service retirement home for those drifting into their twilight years, but further away from sanity.” Pelican Roost is home to colorful characters, a place where buffoonery lives next door to screwball, just across the way from cockamamie. The play will be performed at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church on November 22 and 25 at 7 p.m., November 24 at 2 p.m., followed by an evening performance at St. Peter’s at 7 p.m.\nIn December, the Ocean Pines Players and the Mar-VA Theater of Pocomoke will present their first joint production, ’Twas the Night Before Christmas by Ken Ludwig, in which a mouse, an elf, and a spunky girl, Emily, who won’t take no for an answer, go on a quest to find out why Santa missed their house last year. The play is a joyful tribute to the holiday season. Performances will take place on the weekend of December 7/8, only at the Mar-VA Theater Performing Arts C\nFor more details on these productions and for more information on the Ocean Pines Players follow us on Facebook or our web page at www.oceanpinesplayers.com.\n​oceanpinesplayers@gmail.com\nElton John Up Next for Ocean Pines Players in an Anniversary Tribute to His Genius\nWith a successful 8-week run of an original play on the Ocean City Boardwalk behind them, where they paid tribute to the women pioneers who all but made Ocean City the thriving resort town it is today, the Ocean Pines Players (OPP) will highlight their versatility with a Salute to Elton John in another tribute, to be performed in Ocean City in September.\nThe show, co-produced by Amy Morgan and OPP President Karen McClure, will be performed at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church on 103rd Street in Ocean City on successive Mondays, September 9 and 16, starting at 7 p.m. Tickets are $15 and can be purchased at the door.\n​Show producer Amy Morgan said the Ocean Pines Players decided to pay tribute to Elton John because “this year is the 50th anniversary of his first album, Empty Sky, released in 1969 in the United Kingdom, and because of the release of Rocket Man, the highly popular movie of his life released earlier this year.\n“We knew the timing was right for this, and if our rehearsals are any indication, we were right. They have been mega fun and very productive. Our goal is to be highly electric and a little over the top in true Elton John style, Amy said.\" We are especially delighted about the addition of two new, young cast members, Zander Jett and Will Devokees. They bring a fresh outlook and energy to the show, making it truly multi-generational and a show meant for the entire family.”\nThe program of almost two dozen songs includes the 1995 Academy Award winning Can you Feel the Love Tonight, from the hit movie The Lion King, as well as Academy Award nominated songs from the same movie, Hakuna Matata and Circle of Life. Other Elton John favorites on the program are Rocket Man, Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, and Don’t Go Breakin’ My heart.\nIn addition to producers Morgan and McClure, Zett and Devokees, the other cast members also are local performers, Dan Carney, Jerry Gietka, Brenda Golden, Dorothy Shelton, and Sharon Sorrentino.\nThe Ocean Pines Players is a local community theater group that has been entertaining audiences in this area for more than 40 years. Membership in the organization is open to all area residents of all ages.\n​For further information, call Ed Pinto at 703-901-5544. Follow us on Facebook or on our website at www.oceanpinesplayers.com.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line874336"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7006348371505737,"wiki_prob":0.29936516284942627,"text":"Paul Maddox\nPaul E Maddox served his country in World War II with the 376th Bombardment Group .\nInformation on Paul Maddox is gathered and extracted from military records. We have many documents and copies of documents, including military award documents. It is from these documents that we have found this information on SGT Maddox. These serviceman's records are not complete and should not be construed as a complete record. We are always looking for more documented material on this and other servicemen. If you can help add to Paul Maddox's military record please contact us.\nWichita KS\nWITCHITA KS\nThe information on this page about Paul Maddox has been obtained through a possible variety of sources incluging the serviceman themselves, family, copies of military records that are in possession of the Army Air Corps Library and Museum along with data obtained from other researchers and sources including AF Archives at Air Force Historical Research Agency and the U.S. National Archives.\nIf you have more information concerning the service of Paul Maddox, including pictures, documents and other artifacts that we can add to this record, please Contact Us.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1134887"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.654653787612915,"wiki_prob":0.34534621238708496,"text":"Psychic Transformation and the Regeneration of Language in Peter S. Beagle's The Last Unicorn\nSue Matheson\n10.1353/uni.2005.0045\nCritical opinion about Peter S. Beagle's The Last Unicorn (1968) remains sharply divided: there are those who deem the work a minor masterpiece and those who find it simplistic and severely flawed. The overwhelmingly positive audience response to The Last Unicorn, however, indicates that what appears to be a simple story is actually a complex revisioning of the fairy tale. This essay investigates The Last Unicorn as a self-reflexive symbolic narrative that is as much concerned with the regeneration of meaningful language as it is with the process of psychic transformation.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line362169"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6347149014472961,"wiki_prob":0.36528509855270386,"text":"» Aboard San Jacinto, Lieutenant Commander Albert B. Cahn gave signal to a VT-51 TBM-1C Avenger to take off for an exercise, 16 May 1944\nCaption Aboard San Jacinto, Lieutenant Commander Albert B. Cahn gave signal to a VT-51 TBM-1C Avenger to take off for an exercise, 16 May 1944 ww2dbase\nSource ww2dbaseUnited States National Archives\nIdentification Code 80-G-238772\nTBF Avenger Main article Photos\nSan Jacinto Main article Photos\nPhotos on Same Day 16 May 1944\nAdded Date 23 Mar 2007\nLicensing Public Domain. According to the US National Archives, as of 21 Jul 2010:\nThe vast majority of the digital images in the Archival Research Catalog (ARC) are in the public domain. Therefore, no written permission is required to use them. We would appreciate your crediting the National Archives and Records Administration as the original source. For the few images that remain copyrighted, please read the instructions noted in the \"Access Restrictions\" field of each ARC record.... In general, all government records are in the public domain and may be freely used.... Additionally, according to the United States copyright law (United States Code, Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105), in part, \"[c]opyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government\".\nGerman troops inspecting an abandoned KV-2 heavy tank, northern Russia, Jun 1941\n\"The raising of that flag on Suribachi means a Marine Corps for the next 500 years.\"\nJames Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy, 23 Feb 1945","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1134912"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6410806775093079,"wiki_prob":0.35891932249069214,"text":"Incompetent Elected Official Of The Month: Nebraska State Senator Bill Kintner (R)\nJanuary 26, 2017 January 26, 2017 / Jack Marshall\nThis ridiculous State Senator doesn’t even know how to resign intelligently. Kintner, who has represented southeastern Nebraska’s District 2 in the Nebraska Legislature since 2012, found a way to leave office almost as embarrassingly as the way he occupied it, which is impressive.\nWhere do Republicans find these people, and why does anyone vote for them?\nIn June of 2015, Kintner attacked the Nebraska Legislature’s attempted repeal of the death penalty by posting graphic photos of a beheaded woman on his Facebook account. Let me tell you, this is one classy guy. His constituents didn’t discover quite how classy, however, until later in 2015. Then it was revealed that Kintner and a woman he met on Facebook had engaged in cyber-sex over Skype a year earlier, while the Senator was in a Massachusetts hotel. (This detail kept him from being indicted in Nebraska.) The episode constituted a misuse of a state-owned computer, but there were other problems with it, including the fact that Kintner and a woman engaged in cyber-sex (don’t make me explain it to you) over Skype, which makes what Anthony Weiner does look restrained.\nImmediately after the session, the woman tried to blackmail Kintner, threatening to post the video to YouTube and share it with Kintner’s colleagues, including the governor. She reportedly has connections to an Ivory Coast crime syndicate, and demanded $4,500 from Kintner. Later, she contacted another State senator, offering to sell the video. That senator’s response was apparently, “No thanks, and by the way, ICK.”\nKintner rejected calls for his resignation from the legislature following the incident, after paying a $1,000 fine for misuse of public resources as part of a settlement with the Nebraska Accountability and Disclosure Commission. “I fully understand the gravity of my action and how it reflects upon the fact that I carry the title and responsibility of a state senator. I have taken personal responsibility for my action. I have apologized to God, to my wife, to you and to my constituents,” he wrote in a letter to his fellow lawmakers. At least part of that apology seems less than sincere, however. When demands for his resignation or impeachment continued, Kintner asked, “What standard are all 49 senators held to that I violated and embarrassed this institution? I would love to know.”\nIf we really have to explain that to you, Senator, it’s not worth our time.\nThen, suddenly, Kintner resigned yesterday. Not over his Skyped masturbation, mind you; no, he resigned because the criticism he received for giving a sexist tweet his endorsement by re-tweeting it was just too, too unfair. The re-tweeted tweet, by talk-show host Larry Elder, mocked demonstrators at last weekend’s women’s march by suggesting that they weren’t attractive enough to be sexually assaulted.\nThis sparked new calls for Kintner’s resignation, so Kintner quit, not in shame, but in disgust.\nHe began by saying “You won’t have Bill Kintner to kick around anymore.” Imagine: Kintner intentionally invoked this infamous Richard Nixon quote, which everyone thought ended his career in 1962 and is one of the most petty, self-pitying and petulant statements ever made by a national political figure. This is like a politician starting a press conference by saying, “I did not have sex with that woman!”\nLater, in an interview following his resignation, Kintner said in part,\n“I certainly have regrets. A lot of things I can do better. A lot of things I can say better. And that’s life….Everything you say can and will be used against you, and every time you make a mistake they’re going to beat the living tar out of you. They’re going to pick you up and whack you on the head. They’re going to take it for all the political gain they can get. It’s a blood sport game and that’s why people don’t like politics.”\nNo, Bill people don’t like politics because there are too many slime-balls like you involved in it, and they embarrass their constituents, party and government while blaming everybody else.\nThis is a wonderful example of someone doing the right thing for the wrong reason, and in so doing, proving why it’s the right thing. If Kintner really believed that he is being unfairly maligned, he had a duty to keep serving the district that elected him, and to finish the job they elected him to do. “Politics ain’t beanbag,” and putting up with partisan attacks is part of the profession. In mild defense of Kintner, his female colleagues who claimed that Elder’s tweet threatened the safety of women were unfair at best and hysterical at worst. It was a tasteless joke that elected officials shouldn’t be associated with, that’s all. No elected official should have to resign over a joke like that; an apology should be sufficient. Elected officials should have to resign when they set themselves up for blackmail by masturbating over Skype using a state-owned computer.\nNever mind, though: Kintner’s judgment and values are so skewed and juvenile that it’s too much to expect consistency or a sense of proportion from him. He’s quitting because he thinks he’s too good for politics, and everyone is mean to him.\nThe main thing is, he’s gone, and that’s good for Nebraska.\nPointer: Fred\nSources; NY Daily News, Omaha.com, 1011\nCharacter, Ethics Alarms Award Nominee, Gender and Sex, Government & Politics, Incompetent Elected Officials\nBill Kintner, blackmail, cyber-sex, dignity, idiots, Nebraska, resignations, Richard Nixon, Skype, state legislators, Twitter\n← Is This A Lie, False Assertion, Mistake, Sarcasm, Jumbo, Or A Statement Requiring Investigation? The Case Of The Runaway Pants\nUnethical Quote Of The Week: Boston Mayor Martin J. Walsh →\n25 thoughts on “Incompetent Elected Official Of The Month: Nebraska State Senator Bill Kintner (R)”\nSad. Ashamed to say I’m a Republican, now. Flip side, I’m seriously glad I’m not from Nebraska.\ncharlesgreen\nDragin…for me, a twist.\nSad. Ashamed to say I’m from Nebraska, now. Flip side, I’m seriously glad I’m not a Republican.\nPeople like Kintner need to split off from the GOP and start the Deplorable Party. it’s not really much worse a name than “The Know-Nothing Party.” Daniel Webster ran for President under its banner in 1852. Then again, it did kill him…\nSadly, Nebraska was also the source of another semi-famed political dumb utterance.\nRemember Senator Roman Hruska? He was accused of being ‘mediocre.’ His timeless response: “There’s a lot of mediocre people out there, and they deserve representation too.”\nOn the plus side: Johnny Carson and Dick Cavett are both Cornhuskers.\nCharles, my niece is in a graduate program in Nebraska. Her accounts, perhaps exaggerated–I HOPE so, regarding her harassment on campus—including by a professor!–on the basis of her gender and political views curled my skull, my hair being unavailable. I still can’t quite believe a whole university would be that openly biased and bigoted, or that this could be typical of the state culture, as she believes.\nI can assure you it didn’t used to be that way. My grandparents and parents grew up in, embodied, and respected a classic midwest culture of respect, humility, hard work, and generosity of spirit.\nI was back two years ago for the first time in ages, and I now believe that your niece is probably right. Things have changed – a lot. And not for the better.\nThere are explanations, to be sure, but they don’t amount to excuses.\nConsidering where the best and the brightest have gotten us maybe we should try a little mediocre representation.\nThat was basically Roman’s argument. It’s also essentially the argument of a lot of Trump voters.\nPre-cisely.\nYou have my sympathy…on both counts.\n“It’s only about sex”\n“Everybody does it”\n“It’s a private matter”\n“If you drag a hundred-dollar bill through a trailer park, you never know what you’ll find”\nwhile the American electorate as a whole would accept these defenses, that does not mean these should fly with the voters of Nebraska District 2.\nReally the guy is demonstrably dumber than a fence post and should have never been in public office. On the other hand statements above have been supported by Democrats since Mr Clinton’s demonstration of gutter morals. It ain’t determined by politics at all.\n“Really the guy is demonstrably dumber than a fence post and should have never been in public office. ”\nuhhhmmm… have you ever listened to Joe Biden? Just sayin’\nAgree that it is on both sides of politics, too.\nNeil A. Dorr\nJack, Apropos of nothing, NPR’s 8 am morning newscast featured a gaffe in which they began by saying “President Obama signed an executive order …” instead of Trump, regarding the wall with Mexico. I tried to record it, but the newscast has since been replaced and the first story is completely different. It made my whole morning, nonetheless.\nIt’s like me usually taking about two months to get the new year right…\nWell one positive thing about Nebraska is that “About Schmidt” was filmed there. I’ve never been there but I have a strong feeling that the film captured the culture pretty well.\nluckyesteeyoreman\nWhile I am glad to see one fewer corrupt heterosexual (and, apparently, if he can be believed, God-fearing) white man representing people in Nebraska and the Republican party, I am still a bit anxious for Nebraskans. I can’t stop doubting that anyone less corrupt is going to fill Kintner’s state senate seat, no matter their god, their party, their gender, or their sex drive.\nJimHodgson\n“If I were a betting man,” as my father used to say, I would wager that there likely were signs of Kintner’s true character in evidence long before he ever ran for public office, had anyone bothered to really check out his past conduct. During more than forty years of involvement in local political campaigns (city, county, state legislature races), I can recall numerous prospective candidates who, had they not been carefully and thoroughly vetted, would surely have proven to become an eventual embarrassment to party and community. I know of a few successful candidates who fit in this category and got selected and elected despite their obvious character issues, and I check the news daily with great anticipation that they will be found out and hounded from office (or defeated by better people) before they do more serious damage to the offices they hold and the political process. That people (individuals and parties) so willingly and wholeheartedly endorse, support, elect and defend candidates of proven poor character (and all that goes with it) is one of the enduring disappointments of my participation in politics. It is the primary reason I have withdrawn from political campaigning in my retirement years to focus on other aspects of community life. I am not yet at the point of despair, but I’m headed in that direction.\nThis guy, Palladino in New Jersey, Alan Grayson in Florida and many many others, including some guy who owns hotels and casinos whose name I can’t quite come up with right now, all are in that category. Having fought all through the Clinton years over the “It’s not character, its the economy, stupid!” defenders of Bill, I feel that I am winning the battle but losing the war. Character should have disqualified Kintner, just as it should have disqualified Hillary Clinton and..TRUMP! That’s his name! But the public continues to be deluded into thinking that it’s safe and responsible to vote for someone untrustworthy as long as their policy positions sound right. Polls show that a large percentage of Trump voters find him unsavory in many ways, but voted for him anyway. I suspecty I will be proven right, and them wrong. As for those screaming about Trump now, they brought him to power by pushing an absurd “It’s not lies, corruption, greed and hypocrisy, it’s the vagina, stupid!” I have no sympathy for them at all, but unfortunately, we are all in the same boat.\n“But the public continues to be deluded into thinking that it’s safe and responsible to vote for someone untrustworthy as long as their policy positions sound right…”\nAny time we have a POTUS candidate with qualifications and character, he (or she, or it) seems to get destroyed by the process long before the primaries are over… does this mean we cannot elect such a person? The the process precludes such a person?\nOr are the decent folks unwilling to endure the process in order to serve?\nSlick, it has long been my contention that the people smart enough to be President are also smart enough not to run. Just for fun, imagine a President, conservative, who has the big brass ones of a DJT, but the smarts to filter and regulate what he said and how he said it. For the record, I think Twitter is the greatest weapon possible against a biased, slanted, prejudiced COMMITTED LEFT press. Letting DJT use it is like putting a loaded revolver in the hands of a 6 year old child.\nNail on the head, in many cases. I would add “and unwilling to subject their loved ones and friends to the incivilities of modern political campaigning.”\nI have read through the comments and didn’t see this yet so I’ll comment on it. But it seems that Kintner is repeating the common misconception that rape is about sex. I know its not, and I can’t help but feel that I’m just a tiny island out in a sea of stupidity. If all those Social Justice Warriors™ could just focus on that, and make educating everyone about that aspect, it would do a lot for their cause.\nRape is about control, not sex. I am with you, Mike.\nThe traditional use in war was to break the conquered and mingle the gene pool in favor of the victors. (I understand it was actually worse for the boys in ancient times, as many did not survive the experience)\nYes, control, that is what I meant to say in my original post, but my irritation with Social Justice Warriors must have caused it to slip my mind. I’m sure they hit me with a 2 by 4. Yes, control is about power, and for them the power is pleasure. No one seems to get it. All sexual criminal acts, are about that. Rape, sexual assault, sexual harassment, and most of course, pedophilia. It is the reason many women are the victims of sexual crimes. They don’t even know what to look out for, so they are caught off guard when it occurs.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1124080"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8939787149429321,"wiki_prob":0.8939787149429321,"text":"Two Artists Charged With Faking Indigenous Heritage To Make a Profit\nAfter falsely identifying themselves as Native Americans, a pair of artists have been criminally charged.\nPublished on 12/16/2021 at 6:36 PM\nTwo Washington state artists were separately charged with violating the Indian Arts and Crafts Act after misrepresenting their status as Native American.\nAccording to the U.S. Attorney’s Office, Lewis Anthony Rath, 52, said he was a member of the San Carlos Apache Tribe, while Jerry Chris Van Dyke, 67, who operated under the pseudonym Jerry Witten, claimed to be a Nez Perce Indian — neither had any tribal affiliation or heritage. Each sold a variety of art — including masks, totem poles, and pendants — respectively, at Raven’s Nest Treasure in Pike Place Market and Ye Olde Curiosity Shop in 2019.\nMatthew Steinbrueck, owner of Raven’s Nest, told the Associated Press on Friday that he was unaware the goods were fabricated, believing the artists to be tribal members. “Our whole mission is to represent authentic Native art. We’ve had more than 100 authentic Native artists. I’ve always just taken their word for it,” Steinbrueck said.\nEdward Grace, assistant director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Law Enforcement, said in a news release, “By flooding the market with counterfeit Native American art and craftwork, these crimes cheat the consumer, undermine the economic livelihood of Native American artists, and impair Indian culture.” The probe into each case began when the Indian Arts and Crafts Board received complaints regarding the fraudulent artists.\nNeither Raven’s Nest or Ye Old Curiosity Shop have been charged. Seattle Indigenous rights attorney, Gabriel Galanda, who belongs to the Round Valley Tribes of Northern California, is pushing for accountability.\nGalanda told the Associated Press, “There has to be some diligence done by these galleries.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line878342"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.728403627872467,"wiki_prob":0.27159637212753296,"text":"how to grow licorice root\nLicorice root has been used for thousands of years as an herbal remedy for digestive discomfort. It's mollifying properties open pores and is great for the hair shaft. Licorice root tea is made from the root of the medicinal herb licorice (also known as liquorice). Learn More. Licorice root is an ancient herbal remedy that's commonly found in teas, supplements, and candies — but you may have heard that too much can have an adverse effect. Additionally in herbal teas, I can savor the healthy benefit flavor during flu season as well and be a kid again. With wheat allergies, I've found Black Licorice Rice in my local food store that is really good vs. the junkie Twizzlers. Licorice root is a culinary experience unlike the licorice candies we're all familiar with Growing Licorice. It is not particular about soil pH. This year licorice lovers throughout the nation will enjoy their favorite herb or root as a candy, cooking ingredient, scent or health elixir. You can grow licorice from seed or root cuttings and they're happy in pots bigger than 20cm, or directly in the garden. If asked to come up with licorice in its most basic form, you might very well pick those long, ropy black candies. It has a well-documented reputation for healing ulcers. Licorice has been a popular herb since ancient times.Its genus name, Glycyrrihza, comes from the ancient Greek words glycys, meaning sweet, and rhiza, meaning root.It was also known to be popular with the ancient Egyptians, both as a flavoring agent and as a remedy.In the past, it was used for dozens of purposes, from curing hunger and thirst to clearing chronic coughs. As regards licorice root, I last had a bad chest cold in March ’16. Related Articles. Make your own licorice root tea. Licorice root powder was also effective in reducing body weight gain and fat deposition in mice . Commercial licorice root is harvested after three or four years’ growth. Licorice root has the ability to acquire nitrogen because of it symbiotic relationship with bacteria known as rhizobium, which helps the plant grow efficiently and is a great source for other plants to use nearby. Licorice root contains glycyrrhizic acid, glabridin, and lichochalcone-A, three potent compounds thought to be responsible for its health benefits, including resisting Candida. Liquorice (British English) or licorice (American English) (/ ˈ l ɪ k ər ɪ ʃ,-ɪ s / LIK-ər-is(h)) is the common name of Glycyrrhiza glabra, a flowering plant of the bean family Fabaceae, from the root of which a sweet, aromatic flavouring can be extracted. Licorice is a very hearty and versatile plant with many uses for the root. The licorice plant is drought tolerant, once it becomes established. Licorice root may offer potential health benefits, such as fighting infection, preventing tooth decay, and relieving stomach discomfort. The lavender-blue flowers resemble the flowers of peas, and are arranged in short spike-like clusters. The licorice plant will grow in most soil, but it can develop root rot in soils that retain water, so a well-draining site or container is best. In addition to making a delicious candy, liquorice root is useful in treating aches and pains, from sore throats and upset stomachs to arthritis and ulcers. Licorice root may just be one of the most over-looked herbs when it comes to healing. Written on: July 14, 2020. They’re all delicious when eaten fresh right out in the garden, or you can add them to teas, a salad, or even a dessert. This wood-like plant can grow up to seven feet tall and produces dark green leaves with both yellow and purple flowers. It can lower stomach acid levels, relieve heartburn and indigestion and acts as a mild laxative. While I can’t tell you how to grow red licorice (sorry, kids), I do have a list of lovely black licorice-flavored plants that you can grow in your garden. Dry the roots for several months and then store them in a cool place. 13. It is the root part that is used as a food. Simply, chew slowly a small piece of the licorice root before your meals to reduce inflammation. Use half an ounce of dried licorice root for every cup of water. How to Get Rid of Dry Skin Patches. Wild licorice is a member of the economically important bean family (Fabaceae). Believe it or not, licorice isn't just a flavor or those black stringy candies, but an actual herb that you can grow! The generic name is from the Greek glycys, \"sweet\", and rhiza, \"root\". Licorice loves deep, slightly sandy soil and it's important to spend some time getting the mix right. Licorice root is unsafe for people who take diuretics, insulin, steroid therapies or MAO inhibitors. I’ll outline some of the benefits below, but this article is mainly to give you information on where to grow liquorice, how to grow it, how to propagate it and how to harvest and store the roots. Dig up the roots in the fall after the tops are dry, and compost the tops. Black licorice is a confection typically flavored and colored black with the extract from the roots of the licorice plant. Treatment of Irritation From Hair Removal. Wild licorice was sometimes grown by Amerindians, who ate the sweet, slightly licorice-flavored roots. In the first two years, the plants reach a height of 30-50 cm (12-20 inches); by the third or fourth year, at maturity, they can get up to 1 m (3 feet) or higher. In a pot, combine 1 part compost to 1 part sand and 1 part clay. To get a thick & long hair, you just need to combine licorice, milk, & saffron. Licorice root is an herb. Licorice has become synonymous with a strong candy flavor, but the herb itself — Glycyrrhiza glabra — has very different strengths.An adaptogen herb, licorice root can be found growing in Europe, the Mediterranean and Asia, and it’s been used for thousands of years and dozens of purposes, including as a leaky gut remedy.. You can't eat Helichrysum petiolare, but licorice plants, as they're also known, are ideal for adding interest to containers, window boxes or garden beds.Low-growing varieties can be used as ground covers or planted on slopes and banks to help control soil erosion. You can make your own tea using only licorice root for a more potent cold treatment, or to provide effects similar to that of taking a “whole” licorice root supplement for adrenal support. Growing licorice plants (Helichrysum petiolare) offer an interesting cascade in the container garden, and a trailing mass of gray foliage.Care of Helichrysum licorice is simple in the garden and is only slightly more complicated in the container environment.When you’ve learned how to grow a licorice plant, you’re sure to find many uses for them as companion plants. But where does licorice come from? Since then if I get the faintest irritation in my breathing (which usually happens in bed at night, so I keep this remedy handy), I take a lozenge based on licorice extract called “Fisherman’s Friend”, suck it and breathe round it, inhaling deeply. Harvesting Licorice Roots: Allow new shrubs to grow for three years before harvesting roots. Some people may grow it in their gardens or small indoor pots, but it’s not as commonly grown at home like some of the other herbs are. Here are some sweet treats for you licorice … Liquorice is a hearty, versatile plant and its root has many uses. Licorice is a hardy perennial with tiny blue flowers and small, oval leaves. In the case of licorice, it takes 3-4 years to reach full flowering stage. It is important that the root system is large enough that you can take some roots, yet … There are so very many benefits to growing your own liquorice, or just buying organic root sticks from a good shop. Propagating licorice plant: Root cuttings of firm shoots in summer to winter indoors and then replant in spring. Fab means bean in Latin. Growing a Licorice Fern. Uses for licorice plant: Blend a single, silver-leaved plant in a pot with cool blue and purple or warm red and pink flowers. Most people think of licorice as a flavor. As a kid growing up, the local candy store had the licorice penny candy back in the day too. New plants will grow from any bits of root left in the soil, which may make it difficult to clear an area of licorice. The root of this plant is woody and contains the oils and flavor that we associate with black licorice candy. Licorice root, botanically known as glycyrrhiza glabra, translates to “sweet root” in Greek.An ancient cure-all, black licorice has long been used to soothe gastrointestinal conditions and contains anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties. 17. Commercially, licorice plants are not harvested until they are four or five years old. The easiest way to acquire it is by purchasing licorice root products from a local or online shop. Written by: Genevieve Rice. Related to peas and beans, the licorice plant is a flowering perennial that grows to about 5 feet tall. Licorice was specifically toxic to … How to Grow Licorice . Not only a yummy candy, licorice root can treat many ailments, from sore throats and tummy aches to arthritis and ulcers. Keep reading to learn more about growing licorice and licorice plant care. How to grow licorice root. With a very strong scent and taste, the licorice plant is easy to grow and has a multitude of uses, so keep reading to see how to grow licorice plants! When you realize how long it takes to achieve a harvest of licorice, the reason it is not more popular becomes clearer. I sure miss that. Believe it or not, licorice is a plant, known for its strong and sweet flavor. It contains more than 70 known bioactive compounds, including triterpenoids and flavonoids. The feather-like Polypodium glycyrrhiza is called a licorice fern for the sweet taste of its rhizome. The roots contain up to 6% of the sweet substance, glycyrrhizin. How to grow licorice plant: Grow in well-drained soil of moderate fertility or ordinary peat-based potting mix in full sun to light shade. Learn more about the possible benefits of licorice root here. In an oral cancer cell line, a polysaccharide from licorice promoted apoptosis and prevented cancer cells from growing. You will get detailed instructions for using licorice root at How To Grow Thick Hair Tip No. The Licorice root, which has been used by Egyptians since 3rd century B.C., is said to be very soothing for dry, irritated skin. Many of the properties found in licorice soothe the scalp, ridding it of irritations such as dandruff and scabs. People often use some hash bubble bags to achieve that. Health Benefits Of Licorice Root – Treat Heartburn. The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin inhibits the activities of human cytochrome P450S 3A4, 2B6, and 2C9. Bring the mixture to a bowl and then simmer for 10 minutes. It is the most used herb in Chinese medicine and has been used in Europe since prehistoric times (read more HERE).It has been used for centuries to flavor foods, to sweeten drinks, to flavor tobacco, as a foaming agent in beers, and to harmonize contrasting herbs. Licorice root has an impressive list of well documented uses and is probably one of the most overlooked of all herbal remedies. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:709-15.. View abstract. Pregnant or lactating women should not take licorice for medicinal purposes. Licorice isn't really a tree, but a perennial about three feet in height.\nHelleborus Orientalis Pink, How To Draw Cute Animals Art Hub, Marriott Vacation Club Website Down, Raw Cotton Texture, Tick Symbol Copy And Paste, Concrete Background Photoshop,","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1754073"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9502173662185669,"wiki_prob":0.9502173662185669,"text":"Giving More Workers Overtime Could Have Downsides, Employers Say\nBy Yuki Noguchi\nPublished September 15, 2015 at 3:45 PM MDT\nNew federal rules would make millions more workers eligible for overtime.\nThe Labor Department is considering changing rules that define who qualifies for overtime pay and who does not, and businesses say it would have far-reaching consequences that may not be good for workers.\nCurrently, the rules say you have to make less than $23,660 a year to be automatically eligible for overtime, but the Labor Department's proposal would more than double that required salary level to $50,440. That would mean an estimated 6 million more people would be eligible for overtime pay.\nWorker advocates say the current rules open up millions of workers to abuse. Many earn relatively low salaries but are asked to work many extra hours without pay because they're exempt from overtime rules, says Vicki Shabo, vice president of the National Partnership for Women and Families. She says some research shows women, who would make up about 3.2 million of those workers, would especially benefit.\n\"Either people will get an increase in their wages and will be paid for the overtime hours that they're working, or they won't be forced to work overtime hours without pay anymore, and they'll be able to spend more time taking care of their other responsibilities in life,\" Shabo says.\nBut employers do not believe it would be a windfall for workers. They say they will be forced to cut costs in other ways if the proposed rules take effect as written — and that workers may not like those changes.\nThe Michigan Health and Hospital Association employs 107 people, more than half of whom are currently salaried, and some of whom put in extra hours, especially during emergencies.\n\"It only takes one bus accident, or one fire or something like the Ebola crisis,\" says Nancy McKeague, chief of human resources.\nShe says her nonprofit can't afford overtime, but it also can't forgo having people work as needed.\n\"The last thing you want to do in the health care setting is to look at your watch and say, 'You got your eight [hours], you're out,' \" she says.\nMcKeague says more work will fall to managers. The rules will also require her to review tasks associated with every job to see whether the position qualifies for overtime. Plus, she'll have to spend more administrative time on things like clocking employees in and out.\nCecilia Boudreaux is human resources director for the Regina Coeli Child Development Center, a Head Start program in Robert, La. Under the new rules, Boudreaux says, 26 of her 35 salaried employees would qualify for overtime pay, in the event of a building emergency or if a parent is late for pickup. But increasing salaries would cost at least $74,000 extra a year — meaning she'd have to cut costs elsewhere.\n\"Our grants stipulate how many children we have to have per classroom, so even to increase it we'd have to get permission,\" she says.\nBoudreaux says she'd have to furlough employees. Or convert some salaried positions to hourly, then cut the hourly rate, which she dreads doing.\n\"Who would want to come to work the following day, saying that 'We have to move you to hourly, and oh, by the way you're not gonna make as much as you would make normally. You have to work this minimum number of hours if you want to still make the same amount,' \" she says.\nTony Murray, HR director for Diamond B Construction, also based in Louisiana, says many workers would consider going from salaried to hourly a demotion.\n\"When I was younger, all I [wanted] to do was get to a salaried position just simply because you knew what was going to be coming in each week and you did have the flexibility,\" he says, including the ability to go to soccer tournaments or work late to make up for doctor's appointments. Murray says under the new rules, those converted back to hourly status wouldn't be able to do that.\n\"Millennials take into account more than anything workplace flexibility,\" he says. \"And of course who do you think is in that entry-level management ... millennials more than anything.\"\nCorrected: September 15, 2015 at 10:00 PM MDT\nA listener emailed to say that this story misstates the current law on overtime rules and the proposed changes. He is right that many workers who make more than the Labor Department's new proposed threshold of $50,440 a year would be eligible for overtime pay. There is a \"duties test,\" which considers the nature of a person's work. If the work is not \"professional\" or \"white collar\" in nature, overtime may be paid. Also, some employers may simply choose to pay overtime. Our story focused on the estimated 6 million workers whose jobs would qualify for overtime because of the proposed rules. The story also focused on how businesses are reacting to the change in rules.\nYuki Noguchi\nYuki Noguchi is a correspondent on the Science Desk based out of NPR's headquarters in Washington, D.C. She started covering consumer health in the midst of the pandemic, reporting on everything from vaccination and racial inequities in access to health, to cancer care, obesity and mental health.\nSee stories by Yuki Noguchi","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1425961"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7014881372451782,"wiki_prob":0.7014881372451782,"text":"Malibu Moon (USA)\nFebruary 23, 1997 – May 18, 2021\nA.P. Indy (USA) x Macoumba (USA), by Mr. Prospector (USA)\nFamily 2-s\n​Bred in the purple on both sides of his pedigree, Malibu Moon flashed talent in winning a maiden special weight at Hollywood but was injured before demonstrating whether he was more than a flash in the pan. Given a chance at stud because of his stellar pedigree, he made good, becoming a Classic sire in the United States.\n2 starts, 1 win, 1 second, 0 thirds, US$33,840\nA rather coarse but rangy and powerfully made bay horse standing 16.1 hands according to stallion registers (16.3 hands according to his video at the Spendthrift Farm website, https://www.spendthriftfarm.com/stallions/malibumoon/#media), Malibu Moon had plenty of bone and substance and was generally well balanced with a strong hind end. A wide-chested horse, he appeared slightly base-narrow and tended to swing his left foreleg inward. He was forced into early retirement from racing by a slab fracture in one knee. He had a disposition described as \"playful\" and \"feisty\" as a young stallion but became more aggressive and dominant as he matured.\nMalibu Moon tended to get runners that peaked as late 2-year-olds or during the first half of their 3-year-old seasons, though he sired horses (especially daughters) that have trained on well. He usually sired a big, strong, commercially attractive physical type. He showed an affinity for mares descending from Storm Cat and/or Deputy Minister. According to statistics complied by The Jockey Club, Malibu Moon has sired 128 stakes winners as of August 22, 2021.\nSire rankings\nPer Arion Pedigrees (www.arion.co.nz):\nLed the North American general sire list in 2010; 2nd in 2013; 4th in 2011; 6th in 2012 and 2017; 8th in 2009; 10th in 2015 and 2018.\n​Per The Blood-Horse:\n3rd on the US general sire list in 2010; 4th in 2013; 5th in 2011; 7th in 2012; 8th in 2017; 10th in 2015.\nNotable progeny\nAsk the Moon (USA), Carina Mia (USA), Come Dancing (USA), Declan’s Moon (USA), Devil May Care (USA), Eden’s Moon (USA), Emilia’s Moon (USA), Funny Moon (USA), Gormley (USA), Heavenly Love (USA), Life at Ten (USA), Magnum Moon (USA), Malibu Mint (USA), Malibu Prayer (USA), Moonlit Promise (USA), Moonshine Memories (USA), Orb (USA), Ransom the Moon (USA)\nNotable progeny of daughters\nBellafina (USA), By the Moon (USA), Girvin (USA), Kalypso (USA), Stellar Wind (USA)\nMalibu Moon was bred and owned by B. Wayne Hughes. He entered stud in 2000 in Maryland at Country Life Farm. He was transferred to Castleton Lyons in Kentucky following the 2003 breeding season and stood there from 2004-2007 as a joint venture between Country Life Farm, Castleton Lyons, and Hughes. From 2008 onward, he stood at Hughes’ Spendthrift Farm. He died in his paddock of an apparent heart attack on May 18, 2021.\nFoaled in Kentucky, Malibu Moon is inbred 5x5 to five-time American champion sire Nasrullah, also the English/Irish champion sire of 1951. He is a full brother to Lady Nichola, dam of Grade 3 winner Worth Repeating (by Giant’s Causeway), and a half brother to Curriculum (by Danzig), dam of Grade 3 winner Temple City (by Dynaformer). In addition, he is a half brother to listed stakes-placed Mutually Benefit (by Dynaformer), dam of stakes winner Compelled (by War Front).\nMalibu Moon is out of 1994 Prix Marcel Boussac (FR-G1) winner Macoumba, who is a half sister to 1990 Prix de la Forêt (FR-G1) winner Septieme Ciel (by A. P. Indy’s sire Seattle Slew), to multiple Grade 3 winner Maxigroom (by Blushing Groom), and to French listed stakes winners Balchaia (by Blushing Groom) and Manureva (by Nureyev). The last-named mare is the dam of 2000 Atto Mile Stakes (CAN-G1) winner Riviera (by Kris). Macoumba is also a half sister to Supamova (by Seattle Slew), dam of Group 2-placed English stakes winner Supaseus (by Spinning World), and to Metisse (by Kingmambo), dam of 2009 Slovakian champion miler Steady as a Rock (by Rock of Gibraltar) and second dam of 2014 Prix du Jockey Club (French Derby, FR-G1) winner The Grey Gatsby.\nMacoumba and her siblings are out of the Green Dancer mare Maximova, who won the 1992 Prix de la Salamandre (FR-G1) and three Group 3 events during her own racing days. She is a half sister to French Group 2 winner Navratilovna (by Nureyev), dam of French listed stakes winner Leo Girl (by Seattle Slew), and to French Group 3 winner Vilikaia (by Nureyev), dam of restricted stakes winner Legend of Russia (by Suave Dancer) and second dam of 2011 Nearctic Stakes (CAN-G1) winner Regally Ready and Grade 3 winner Sir Truebadour. Produced from the Swaps mare Baracala (au unraced half sister to 1974 French champion miler Nonoalco, by Nearctic, and to French Group 3 winner Stradavinsky, by Nijinsky II), Maximova is also a half sister to French listed stakes winner Moivouloirtoi (by Bering), dam of French listed stakes winner Alyzea (by King Charlemagne), and to Doigts de Fee (by L’emigrant), dam of French listed stakes winner Draconienne (by Trempolino).\nMalibu Moon was lucky to get to the races at all, as his dam stepped on one of his hind legs and inflicted significant injury when he was just a few days old.\nPortrait photo taken by Jessica Morgan at Spendthrift Farm in 2016. Used by permission.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1009620"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5428328514099121,"wiki_prob":0.5428328514099121,"text":"IMDb app now available for Android-based devices\nThere's more good news for users of smart phones that run on Google Inc.'s Android operating system.\nIMDb, the definitive database for all-things movies, announced on Wednesday that it has finally brought its mobile application to Android OS.\nAccording to the company, the free app includes access to information on more than 1.5 million movie and television shows. Users can also access content related to the more than 3.2 million celebrities and crew members involved in the entertainment business.\nBut the IMDb app is more than just information-based. The program includes access to movie trailers, user reviews, and even critics' reviews of different movies and shows. Users can also see local movie show times in their area.\nIMDb's app joins a growing number of highly-touted iPhone apps that are making their way to Android. Recently, Amazon announced that its e-reader Kindle app is finally available to Android owners.\nIf nothing else, the increase in the number of Android apps shows that Google's mobile platform is more of an iPhone contender than Apple might want to admit.\n-- Don Reisinger\ntwitter.com/donreisinger","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1651547"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.613255500793457,"wiki_prob":0.613255500793457,"text":"World / Crime & Legal\nDeutsche Bank says records sought in Trump congressional probe include tax returns, without elaborating\nU.S. President Donald Trump gestures Aug. 23 as he speaks to the press while departing the White House in Washington for the G7 Summit in France. | AFP-JIJI\nNEW YORK – Financial records related to U.S. President Donald Trump and three of his children that congressional Democrats have requested from Deutsche Bank AG include tax returns, the bank disclosed in a court filing on Tuesday.\nTwo committees in the U.S. House of Representatives subpoenaed Deutsche Bank in April to provide financial records belonging to the president and his children Donald Trump Jr., Ivanka Trump and Eric Trump.\nDeutsche Bank’s filing, in the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, revealed that it had tax returns that it would need to hand over if it complied with the subpoenas, which the Trumps are seeking to block. It was not clear whose tax returns it had, because names were redacted from the filing.\nA lawyer for the Trumps could not immediately be reached for comment. Deutsche Bank declined comment.\nThe disclosure comes as Democrats on the House Ways and Means Committee are seeking to obtain Trump’s personal and business tax returns, which the president has refused to turn over, from the Treasury Department.\nDeutsche Bank has long been a principal lender for Trump’s real estate business. A 2017 disclosure form showed that Trump had at least $130 million of liabilities to the bank.\nThe subpoenas on Deutsche Bank, issued by the House Financial Services Committee and the Intelligence Committee, seek records of accounts, transactions and investments linked to Trump and the three named children, their immediate family members and several Trump Organization entities, including records of possible ties to foreign entities.\nDeutsche Bank said in Tuesday’s filing that it also had tax returns for people who “may constitute ‘immediate family’ ” as defined by the subpoenas, without giving any names.\nA lawyer for the Trumps last week urged the 2nd Circuit to block the bank from handing over the records, saying Congress did not have the authority to demand them. The court has not yet ruled on the case.\nThe Trumps are also seeking to block a separate subpoena served by the Financial Services Committee on Capital One Financial Corp. seeks records related to the Trump Organization’s hotel business.\nCapital One said in a court filing on Tuesday that it did not have any tax returns related to the subpoena. The bank did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment.\n2nd Circuit judges had ordered both banks to disclose whether they had tax returns last week.\nBefore Trump, the custom for modern U.S. presidential candidates was to reveal their income tax returns during their campaigns.\nU.S., Congress, taxes, banks, Deutsche Bank, Donald Trump, Donald Trump Jr., Ivanka Trump","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line507408"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.50107342004776,"wiki_prob":0.50107342004776,"text":"Here Comes Taylor Kinney - 33 Things You Did Not Know Mary Benjamin Author\nShop on Barnes & Noble\nThe latest Taylor Kinney sensation. This book is your ultimate resource for Taylor Kinney. Here you will find the most up-to-date 33 Success Facts, Information, and much more.In easy to read chapters, with extensive references and links to get you to know all there is to know about Taylor Kinney's Early life, Career and Personal life right away. A quick look inside: The Vampire Diaries (season 2) - Recurring cast, The Sacrifice (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, Zero Dark Thirty - Cast, The Return (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, You and I (Lady Gaga song) - Background, Bad Moon Rising (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, By the Light of the Moon (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, Brave New World (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, The Vampire Diaries (season 2) - Cast, Five (2011 film) - Cast, 71st Golden Globe Awards - Series with multiple nominations, Ghost World (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, Trauma (TV series) - Cast and characters, 71st Golden Globe Awards - Presenters, Sarah Shahi - Acting career, Chicago P.D. (TV series) - Crossover characters, Plan B (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, Rock the Kasbah (film) - Production, Memory Lane (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, The Vampire Diaries (season 3) - Guest cast, Rock the Kasbah (film) - Cast, The Other Woman (2014 film) - Plot, Neffsville, Pennsylvania - Notable Neffsville residents, You and I (Lady Gaga song) - Fashion films, Kill or Be Killed (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, Chicago Fire (TV series) - Main, Taylor Kinney, The Other Woman (2014 film) - Cast, Lancaster Mennonite School - Notable alumni, The Descent (The Vampire Diaries) - Plot, and much more...\nEverything About Jonathan Banks Is Here - 139 Things You Did Not Know Marie Stephenson AuthorBarnes & Noble\nThe Analeigh Tipton Guide That Has It All - 40 Things You Did Not Know Rodney Ortiz AuthorBarnes & Noble\nHow Much Did You Love What Did You Learn Alexander Soltys Jones AuthorBarnes & Noble\nMy Brother has a Thing...and I want one Rachel Jackson AuthorBarnes & Noble\nLiving Well with Parkinson's Disease - (Living Well (Collins)) by Gretchen Garie & Michael J Church & Winifred Conkling (Paperback)Target\nIf I Told You So Timothy Woodward AuthorBarnes & Noble\nLea's Lessons: Attitude, Prejudice, Wealth, What You Do Is What You Become Richard Leatherman AuthorBarnes & Noble\nGive Them What You Have John Denniston AuthorBarnes & Noble\nUp to 84% Off Hardcover 20-Page Photo Books from Shutterfly\nUp to 50% off select popular children's books\nUp to 40% off select Romance books","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1137625"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.511916995048523,"wiki_prob":0.511916995048523,"text":"Weekly Notice of JHU Limited Submission Opportunities\nAlong with limited submissions updates, the Office of the Vice Provost for Research (VPR) is also maintaining the JHU COVID-19 Response website. See the most recent updates listed below and contact us if you have any questions.\nResearch Response Program Areas\nResearch Response Resources\nLab-based Resources\nSponsor Guidance\nPPE Donation Drive\nYou can also access all current COVID-19 funding opportunities here.\nNewly Added COVID-19 Opportunities\nNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Availability of Emergency Awards for Limited Clinical Trials to Evaluate Therapeutic and Vaccine Candidates Against SARS-CoV-2 No limit Once a month on the 14th through 9/14/2021\nAmerican Lung Association COVID-19 and Emerging Respiratory Viruses Research Award $200,000 9/23/2021\nNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Emergency Award: Social, Behavioral, and Economic Research on COVID-19 Consortium (U01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) $2,500,000 (direct costs) 11/8/2021\nNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Notice of Special Interest: Administrative Supplements for COVID19 Impacted NIMH Researc Varies 6/1/2023\nNew Opportunities for August 9, 2021\nMaximum Award Amount\nInternal Application Deadline\nNational Science Foundation (NSF) NSF INCLUDES Alliances: Inclusion across the Nation of Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering and Science 1 $10,000,000 8/24/2021\nNational Science Foundation (NSF) Competition for the Management of Operations and Maintenance of the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) 1 $345,000,000 8/31/2021\nHealth Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Teaching Health Center Planning and Development – Technical Assistance 1 $5,000,000 8/10/2021\nHealth Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Part A HIV Emergency Relief Grant Program 1 $1,557,179 8/10/2021\nHealth Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Health and Public Safety Workforce Resiliency Training Program 1 $2,280,666 8/12/2021\nHealth Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Health and Public Safety Workforce Resiliency Technical Assistance Center (HPSWRTAC) 1 $6,000,000 8/12/2021\nEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) Children’s Healthy Learning Environments in Low-Income and/or Minority Communities 1 $200,000 8/17/2021\nAlfred P. Sloan Foundation Sloan Research Fellows 3 per department $75,000 8/17/2021\nHoward Hughes Medical Institute Gilliam Fellowships for Advanced Study 5 $138,000 8/24/2021\nNational Science Foundation (NSF) 2024 American National Election Study Competition (ANES) 1 $14,000,000 8/17/2021\nThe Greenwall Foundation Greenwall Faculty Scholars Program 1 50% salary for 3 years, 10% IDC, $5,000/year travel and project support 8/19/2021\nNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Bridges to the Doctorate Research Training Program (T32) 1 No limit 8/17/2021\nNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Collaborative Program Grant for Multidisciplinary Teams (RM1 Clinical Trial Optional) 1 $8,750,000 (direct costs) 9/7/2021\nAmerican Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS)\n1 per department (SOM) $180,000 8/17/2021\nApple Machine Learning Research Apple Scholars in AI/ML PhD Fellowship 3 Tuition & fees, $90,000 for living & travel expenses 9/2/2021\nKleberg Foundation Medical Research Program 1 $1,000,000 8/13/2021\nGoogle PhD Fellowship Program 4 (computer science or related field) Full tuition & fees + stipend for living expenses, travel & personal equipment 8/17/2021\nAssociation for Computing Machinery (ACM) Doctoral Dissertation Competition 2 $20,000 8/24/2021\nLimited Submissions are funding opportunities in which federal and private sponsors limit the number of proposals from an institution. An internal competition is held in order to select the most competitive proposal(s) on behalf of the University.\nApplications are due by 11:59pm on the internal application deadline specified. For more information, please contact us at resapp@jhu.edu.\nTo see the most updated information on all current limited submission opportunities, please visit our website.\nPLEASE NOTE: A Coeus record should NOT be created for an internal application to a limited submission opportunity until selected as a JHU nominee.\nWeekly NIH Funding Opportunities and Notices\nPolicy Notices\nAHRQ Notice of Extension of PA-21-202\nPublication of the Revised NIH Grants Policy Statement (Rev. April 2021) for Fiscal Year 2021\nExpanding Requirement for eRA Commons IDs to All Senior/Key Personnel\nNotice of Changes to Funding Opportunities\nNotice of Requirement for Submission of Current and Pending Support Information for the PD(s)/PI(s) of PAR-20-115 Limited Competition: Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) Phase 3 - Transitional Centers (P30)\"\nNotice of Requirement for Submission of Current and Pending Support Information in PAR-19-313 Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) Phase 1 (P20 Clinical Trial Optional)\nNotices of Intent to Publish\nNotice of Intent to Publish a Funding Opportunity Announcement for Limited Competition for the Continuation of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) Research Project Sites (U01)\nNotice of Intent to Publish a Funding Opportunity Announcement for Limited Competition for the Continuation of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) Administrative Resource (U24)\nNotice of Intent to Publish a Funding Opportunity Announcement for Limited Competition for the Continuation of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) Data Analysis Resource (U24)\nNIH Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Early-stage Investigator Research Award (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)\nDevelopmental Mechanisms of Human Structural Birth Defects (P01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)\nPilot Effectiveness Trials of Interventions for Preschoolers with ADHD (R34 Clinical Trial Required)\nClick here for NIH publication of notices of grant policies, guidelines and funding opportunity announcements (FOAs).\nClick here to view the Changes to the Biographical Sketch and Other Support Format Page for Due Dates on or after May 25, 2021.\nMonthly Internal Funding Opportunities\nJohns Hopkins-GlaxoSmithKline Scholars Program\nFunding Sponsor: Center for Innovation in Graduate Biomedical Education\nMax Amount of Award: TBD after application review with GSK\nDue Date: Rolling until program reaches capacity\nNotification Date: TBD\nDescription: As part of our ongoing efforts to expand PhD training program driven by academia-industry collaboration, we are soliciting proposals from Johns Hopkins investigators interested in working with investigators at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccines (Rockville, MD) to mentor JHU graduate students pursuing a Ph.D. degree in the biomedical sciences.\nEligibility: Johns Hopkins investigators affiliated with at least one Ph.D.-granting program at any of the schools of the Johns Hopkins University. Investigators who do not currently mentor graduate students are also encouraged to apply as long as they are eligible to mentor Ph.D. candidates.\nSmall Pilot Projects\nFunding Sponsor: Johns Hopkins University Older Americans Independence Center\nMax Amount of Award: $10,000 (direct costs)\nDue Date: Rolling basis\nNotification Date: Rolling basis\nDescription: The Johns Hopkins Older Americans Independence Center (OAIC) solicits proposals to support of scientific projects and junior investigators in research on frailty in aging. The OAIC is a Johns Hopkins-wide Center, funded by the National Institute on Aging's Center on Aging and Health, to support the development of research on the etiology of frailty as a basis for developing treatments or approaches to prevention of frailty in older adults. Scientists with an interest in developing pilot projects in this area or with needs for support of biostatistical or genetic analyses of data related to frailty, as well as junior faculty seeking protected time to develop investigative careers in this field, are encouraged to apply for internal funding through the OAIC mechanisms. Small pilot proposals must have a hypothesis that is frailty-focused.\nEligibility: Anyone may apply.\nThe Ignite Fund\nFunding Sponsor: The Ignite Fund\nMax Amount of Award: Unlimited\nDescription: The Ignite Fund offers Hopkins student entrepreneurs access to funding throughout the academic year. The fund’s purpose is to support discrete tasks that will help move a venture forward. In focusing funding this way, we hope to provide student ventures access to capital at key moments. Applications must identify a single discrete task to be funded. Applicant(s) must clearly demonstrate how the task to be achieved by the funding will impact their venture’s next steps. All proposals will be considered, but, in light of limited funding, successful applications will emphasize how to make the most out of minor amounts. All awards must complete their closing process (provision of final progress report and receipts) no later than May 15, 2021.\nEligibility: All ventures with at least one current JHU student founder. Ventures who have won Ignite Fund awards previously may apply again if they have completed the closing process (provision of final progress report and receipts) prior to their newest application.\nSchaufeld Program for Prostate Cancer in Black Men\nFunding Sponsor: Brady Urological Institute\nMax Amount of Award: $100,000\nDescription: The Schaufeld Program for Prostate Cancer in Black Men is an exciting new initiative from the Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins which will combine scientific inquiry, education and community engagement to reduce the burden of prostate cancer on men of African ancestry. One year pilot awards of $100,000 will made available through the Schaufeld Program to support cutting-edge multidisciplinary scientific research on prostate cancer arising in Black men. Applications examining the role of genomics, epigenomics, or microbiota/immune system/tumor interactions are particularly encouraged, as are imaging and population-science-based initiatives. Research may support the development of new and better methods for prostate cancer detection and treatment, with a specific focus on men of African ancestry. Projects aimed at generating preliminary data for external grant funding applications will be prioritized. Funding is open to all JHU-affiliated faculty. For those without a track record of prostate cancer research, partnership with a prostate cancer-focused faculty member is highly encouraged.\nEligibility: All JHU-affiliated faculty.\nDevelopmental Research Program (Pilot Projects)\nFunding Sponsor: The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center\nMax Amount of Award: $50,000\nDue Date: September 3, 2021\nDescription: The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center at Johns Hopkins is pleased to announce that funding is available for a limited number of novel developmental research programs (pilot projects) in the study of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. This program funds important new pilot projects with promising translational potential that do not have sufficient data for an independently funded NIH grant. Projects of high priority should focus on new research directions, explore innovative ideas, test unconventional, but potentially important, new hypotheses, or ascertain the feasibility of new research approaches. Funds ($50,000 per year with the option of re-applying for a second year of funding) may be requested for the salaries of faculty, postdoctoral fellows or technicians, for equipment, and/or for consumable supplies.\nEligibility: Applicants must hold an MD or PhD degree or both and must have a current academic appointment at Johns Hopkins University. Individuals with nontenure track positions should provide a letter from a tenure track faculty member describing their position and providing assurances of employment during the grant period.\nPatrick C. Walsh Prostate Cancer Research Fund\nNotification Date: September 17, 2021\nDescription: Funding is available to support multidisciplinary research in prostate cancer through the Patrick C. Walsh Prostate Cancer Research Fund. For the 2021 funding cycle, pilot awards of $100,000 or multi-PI of up to $200,000 will made available to support cutting-edge multidisciplinary scientific research on prostate cancer. An emphasis will be placed on supporting work in the areas of (1) artificial intelligence / machine learning for prostate cancer, (2) the inhibition / reversal of therapeutic resistance in prostate cancer, (3) hereditary prostate cancer, and (4) novel technologies applied to prostate cancer research and care.\nEligibility: all JHU affiliated faculty. Partnership with a Brady Urological Institute faculty member is highly encouraged, but not required. An investigator may hold only one pilot project award at a time. Fellows are not permitted to be principal investigators. If you are submitting an idea to the Schaufeld Program for Prostate Cancer in Black Men, please do not put in a duplicate / similar application to the PCW Fund.\nCatalyst Awards\nFunding Sponsor: Office of the Vice Provost for Research\nDue Date: January 14, 2022\nDescription: These grant awards of up to $75,000 support the promising research and creative endeavors of our early career faculty with the goal of launching them on a path to a sustainable and rewarding academic career. We encourage applicants to propose a project that will help solidify their rising position within their field.\nEligibility: Applications from early-career faculty in any academic or professional discipline at the university are encouraged to apply. The term “early-career” is defined as any full-time tenure-track faculty member who was first appointed to a full-time, tenure track faculty position at any institution within no less than three (3) years and no more than ten (10) years as of July 1 of the deadline year. Eligible 2022 applicants were appointed to their first full-time, tenure track faculty position between July 1, 2011 and June 30, 2019. Non-tenure-track Research Associates and Research Scientists at the School of Medicine (SOM), Bloomberg School of Public Health (BSPH), the Whiting School of Engineering (WSE), and the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences (KSAS) are NOT eligible for the Catalyst Award, but are encouraged to consider applying for the Discovery Award. Only one application per person, per year. Successful applicants will not be eligible for subsequent Catalyst Awards.\nDiscovery Awards\nDescription: More than ever, the answers to the most challenging questions cannot be accomplished entirely within one academic discipline, or even one division. The Johns Hopkins Discovery Awards provide grant awards to cross-divisional teams, comprised of faculty and/or non-faculty members from at least two schools or affiliates of the university, who are poised to arrive at important discoveries or creative works. The expectation is that these awards will spark new, synergistic interactions between investigators across the institution and lead to work of the highest quality and impact. These awards are not intended to support already established projects or minimal extensions of ongoing research or professional programs.\nEligibility: Only one application per lead PI will be accepted. There is no limit to the number of proposals you can participate in as a co-PI. If you were the lead PI of a funded 2020 Discovery Award, you are not eligible to apply as the lead PI of a 2022 award. You will be eligible again in 2023. Applications from all academic and professional disciplines at the university are welcome, and may cover fundamental, applied, or clinical research in any field, as well as the development of applied creative projects in the arts and humanities. Applications must include at least two faculty members and/or APL staff members representing at least two separate schools/divisions or affiliates of the university.\nJHU Research Response Website\nJHU has developed a site with topical resources regarding JHU's COVID-19 research response.\nThis site serves as the primary point for communication regarding the COVID-19 event for all JHU research administration offices, including JHURA, Business and Research Administration (BARA) and the School of Medicine Office of Research Administration (ORA).\nThis COVID-19 news summary will be sent weekly, but please bookmark the pages below and check back frequently, as the information is updated daily.\nNEW: COVID-19 Research Response Program\nSponsor Guidance: Federal and Non-federal guidance: Weekly updates below.\nFederal Sponsor Guidance Non-federal Sponsor Guidance\nResearch Administration FAQs: Read the NEW research administration FAQs regarding budgeting for changes in Fringe Benefits on sponsored project budgets and updated university guidance on NIH flexibilities.\nHuman Subjects: We are still in Phase 3 of the Phased Contingency Plan.\nAnimal Care & Use\nCOVID-19 Funding Opportunities\nCOVID-19 Research Response Resources\nPersonal Protective Equipment (PPE) Donation Drive\nFor the latest university updates, please visit JHU's COVID-19 Information page.\nEditorial Assistance Services Initiative\nThe COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the academic community in many ways, including in research productivity. Early career faculty, particularly women and underrepresented minorities, have been disproportionately affected (1,2,3,4,5). To provide additional support to faculty as they submit manuscripts or proposals, the university has launched the Editorial Assistance Services Initiative (EASI).\nAs capacity allows, the Research Development Team (RDT) will also assist with managing and facilitating the pre-award phase for teams who submit large grant proposal opportunities (>$5M) that support multidisciplinary and collaborative research. To request that support, please fill out the RDT Assistance Inquiry Form.\nFaculty members from all ranks and disciplines who have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic can apply for EASI services on grant proposals and manuscripts.\nQuestions? Email Courtney McQueen at cmcqueen@jhu.edu.\nGrants Calendar: Interdisciplinary Research\nAs part of our efforts to monitor the funding landscape and facilitate strategic planning, Hanover produces a bimonthly Grants Calendar centered on certain funding interests. Today's calendar reviews upcoming Interdisciplinary Research grant opportunities, covering a range of federal and private funders. Short-term targets with set deadlines are included alongside longer-term opportunities projected to occur across the next year and beyond.\nPlease click here to access the calendar:\nHanover produces two Grants Calendars each month, while also holding a monthly grantsmanship webinar. Please view our upcoming schedule and double check that you are signed up for updates that interest you.\nTo learn more about Hanover's work with these programs and the support options available, please contact Senior Grants Advisor, Clinton Doggett, for a brief conversation.\nHR Digital Grants Portal\nHanover is excited to share news of the recently-released HR Digital Grants Portal, allowing members to securely access tools and assets that our Grants team has developed and maintains outside of custom work, as a “value-added” part of the Hanover partnership. Under the Calendars section of the Portal, members can access funding calendars from the past year, including opportunities for Minority-Serving Institution, Arts and Humanities, STEM Programming, STEM Research, Health Research, and Early Career Faculty.\nGrants Calendar: Early Career Research\nClick here for more information on these grants.\nCenter for Indigenous Innovation and Health Equity - Apply by August 16\nThe Office of Minority Health (OMH) at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services administers grant programs to support projects that implement innovative models to improve minority health and reduce health disparities.\nOMH has released the following funding opportunity announcement for which applications are now being accepted.\nThis notice solicits applications for projects to establish a Center for Indigenous Innovation and Health Equity (CIIHE), for which OMH will provide the organizational structure and operational framework. The CIIHE will support efforts including education, service and policy development, and research related to advancing sustainable solutions to address health disparities and advance health equity in the American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) populations. The CIIHE award recipients (awardees) will function as a single initiative, coordinated by OMH, through two cooperative agreements to be awarded through this funding opportunity.\nClick here to access the notice of funding opportunity.\nA technical assistance webinar for potential applicants will be held July 14, 2021 from 3:00-4:00 PM Eastern. Click here to register for the technical assistance webinar.\nAward Amount: $500,000 to $1,000,000\nEstimated Total: $2,000,000\nApplication Due Date: August 16, 2021, 6:00 PM ET\nClick here for more information on how to apply.\nMinority Leaders Development Program - Apply by August 17\nAnnouncement Number: MP-CPI-21-008\nAward Amount: $500,000 to $750,000\nThis notice solicits applications for projects to develop and implement a fellowship program at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to provide training in health equity issues and leadership to early-career individuals to improve the health of racial and ethnic minorities and other disadvantaged populations. The Minority Leaders Development Program aims to enhance skills and competencies necessary for federal leadership among participants through a curriculum focused on health care policy, leadership skill-building, and cultural competence.\nThe program also aims to incorporate fellowship-related work experiences, supplemental learning opportunities, and mentorship. The Minority Leaders Development Program is expected to support efforts to promote diversity, including racial and ethnic minorities, in senior positions within HHS agencies by providing professional development and career pathway opportunities.\nLearn more about this FOA and how to apply.\nA technical assistance webinar for potential applicants will be held June 29, 2021, from 4:00-5:00 PM ET. Click here to register for the technical assistance webinar.\nInter-CFAR Fellowship Program in Implementation Science - Apply by August 20\nOn behalf of inter-CFAR Implementation Science Working Group and the Mid-Atlantic CFAR Implementation Science Hub, we are welcoming applications for an NIH-funded training opportunity in implementation science (IS) for early stage investigators (ESIs) engaging in HIV-related research. Since its inaugural class of 2019-2020, the fellowship has engaged 51 fellows in the program. This year’s Implementation Science Fellows will be selected across the CFAR network, HBCUs and U.S. Universities to participate in a mentorship program, including both didactic, online and mentored small group training in IS methodology. The applied mentorship focuses on the development of a grant application which incorporates IS methodology and/or training and is intended to culminate in a two-day grant refinement and networking workshop.\nFellows are expected to:\nComplete a series of 12 pre-recorded modules\nEngage in live Friday discussion sessions throughout the Fellowship to discuss lectures, critical papers in the field, IS methods, and advance their grants\nDevelop a grant incorporating IS research\nAttend a two-day in-person (Covid-19 dependent) workshop with the mentorship team to present grant progress and receive feedback\nwhich will take place in March 2022, a final decision regarding the exact date of the in-person meeting will be determined in the coming weeks. Please refer to JHU-CFAR (hopkinscfar.org) for details and check back periodically for updates.\nThe overarching goal of the fellowship is to support ESIs focused on HIV-related research with training and mentoring opportunities in IS to encourage and capacitate ESIs in the submission of successful IS-focused grants. Specifically, the objectives are:\nFill an implementation science training gap among emergent HIV-focused investigators\nSupport ESIs in the development of an implementation science focused grant\nFoster cross-institutional networking and mentorship opportunities for ESIs within the field of HIV-implementation science\nMentoring Team: Stefan Baral (JHU), Chris Hoffmann (JHU), Elvin Geng (Washington University in St. Louis), Vivian Go (UNC), Arianna Means (UW), Denis Nash (CUNY), Sheree Schwartz (JHU), Kenneth Sherr (UW), J.D. Smith (Utah SOM), Patrick Sullivan (Emory), Carolyn Audet (Vanderbilt), Jessica Sales (Emory), Alison Hamilton (UCLA), Larry Hearld (UAB), Paul Cleary (Yale), Sten Vermund (Yale).\nEligibility and logistics: Spots will be reserved exclusively for junior faculty (Assistant Professor, Research Assistant Professor and equivalent positions), post-doctoral fellows, exceptional senior-level PhD candidates. All applicants must be NIH-defined early-stage investigators (ESIs) who have not held an R01 or equivalent award. The Fellowship is targeted at faculty, though exceptional pre- and post-doctoral candidates ready to submit grants will be considered. ESIs who hold or previously held EHE IS grant supplement awards are encouraged to apply, as are candidates from HBCUs.\nApplicants will be asked to submit their NIH formatted biosketch, a one page specific aims document pertaining to the grant that they will be developing, provide basic details of their proposed IS-related grant (e.g. working title, funding mechanism, submission cycle), and a brief summary of their prior experience and planned future directions conducting implementation science research. The specific aims page does not need to be polished and is expected to evolve during the fellowship as IS skills advance. Because grant development is critical to the fellowship, however, we are seeking out applicants who will be submitting a grant that incorporates IS methodology and are committed to moving this forward. Funding will be available for the IS Fellows to attend the 2-day in-person meeting planned for late March or early April 2022.\nInterested applicants should apply online by August 20th, 2021, 11:59 pm EST at:\nhttp://jhsph.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3O6NMW7iq4s2wR0\nOutcomes will be announced by August 30th, 2021. The virtual fellowship will begin September 17th, 2021.\nPlease direct questions to Sheree Schwartz, PhD: sschwartz@jhu.edu and Lisa Lucas llucas11@jhmi.edu\nFrameworks to Address Health Disparities through Collaborative Policy Efforts Grants - Apply by August 23\nOpportunity Title: Framework to Address Health Disparities through Collaborative Policy Efforts: Coordinating Center\nAward Amount: Up to $500,000\nEstimated Total: $500,000\nThe Coordinating Center (MP-CPI-21-003), combined with the Office of Minority Health demonstration projects (MP-CPI-21-004), constitute the “Framework to Address Health Disparities through Collaborative Policy Efforts” initiative. The goal of the initiative is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a methodological framework, structured process, and tool in supporting the assessment and identification of policies that may create or perpetuate health disparities by contributing to structural racism, as well as the modification, development, and implementation of policies to improve health outcomes.\nThe Coordinating Center will oversee and coordinate complementary and collaborative efforts among the participating sites (OMH-funded and self-funded) through leadership and management toward the goals and objectives of the initiative.\nThis notice solicits applications to establish and operate a Coordinating Center that will:\n(1) Lead the development of a methodological framework, process, and tool for the assessment of policies that may create or perpetuate health disparities by contributing to structural racism, in collaboration with MP-CPI-21-004 “Framework to Address Health Disparities through Collaborative Policy Efforts: Demonstration Projects” recipients.\n(2) Provide technical assistance to MP-CPI-21-004 recipients and self-funded participant organizations on utilizing the framework, process, and tool.\n(3) Lead the evaluation of the implementation of the methodological framework, process, and tool.\nClick on the following link to access the notice of funding opportunity.\nA technical assistance webinar for potential applicants will be held July 20, 2021 at 1:00 PM Eastern. Click here to register for the technical assistance webinar.\nOpportunity Title: Framework to Address Health Disparities through Collaborative Policy Efforts: Demonstration Projects\nThe demonstration projects, combined with the Coordinating Center (MP-CPI-21-003), constitute the “Framework to Address Health Disparities through Collaborative Policy Efforts” initiative. The goal of the initiative is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a methodological framework, structured process, and tool in supporting the assessment and identification of policies that may create or perpetuate health disparities by contributing to structural racism. The initiative also focuses on the modification, development, and implementation of policies to improve health outcomes.\nThis notice solicits applications for demonstration projects that will:\n(1) Participate in the development of the methodological framework, process, and tool.\n(2) Utilize the methodological framework, process, and tool to assess and identify policies that may create or perpetuate health disparities by contributing to structural racism.\n(3) Modify existing or develop new policies.\n(4) Implement those policies to improve health outcomes.\n(5) Participate in evaluation activities through the Coordinating Center.\nClick the following link to access the notice of funding opportunity.\nAntimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) Programs to Address Health Inequities in Resource Limited Settings - Apply by August 26\nPfizer Global Medical Grants (GMG) supports the global healthcare community’s independent initiatives (e.g., research, quality improvement, or education) to improve patient outcomes in areas of unmet medical need that are aligned with Pfizer’s medical and/or scientific strategies. One such strategic priority is decreasing the disproportionate burden of poor health outcomes faced by patients who receive healthcare in resource limited settings, specifically to address health inequities relating to treatment of infectious diseases.\nGlobal Bridges Healthcare Alliance, based at Mayo Clinic, is dedicated to supporting global communities of practice to advance evidence-based patient care. Since 2014, Global Bridges has worked collaboratively with Pfizer GMG to support medical education and quality improvement programs in multiple clinical areas, including tobacco dependence treatment, oncology, amyloidosis, and anti-microbial stewardship.\nGeographic Scope: Global\nClinical Area: Anti-infectives\nApplication Due Date: August 26, 2021\nSpecific Area of Interest: The purpose of this RFP is to solicit programs that have identified a disparity that impacts antimicrobial stewardship in a resource-limited setting and proposes an intervention to address the disparity to improve and measure patient outcomes.\nHealth and Public Safety Workforce Resiliency Technical Assistance Center - Apply by August 30\nThe purpose of this program is to provide tailored training and technical assistance (TA) to Health Resources and Services Administration’s (HRSA’s) health workforce resiliency grant recipients to establish, enhance and expand the capacity and infrastructure to rapidly deploy evidence-informed or evidence-based innovative strategies that promote mental and behavioral health, prevent suicide, as well as reduce burnout and substance use among providers, health care professionals, health care students, residents, professionals, paraprofessionals, trainees, public safety officers and employers of such individuals, collectively known as the “Health Workforce” for the purpose of this NOFO. These health workforce resiliency grant recipients have a special focus on the Health Workforce in rural and medically underserved communities.\nOne award will be made for approximately $6 million over three years to provide tailored training and technical assistance to HRSA's workforce resiliency programs.\nCurrent Closing Date for Applications: August 30, 2021\nVisit Grants.gov to apply.\nPromoting Resilience and Mental Health Among Health Professional Workforce - Apply by August 30\nThe purpose of this program is to provide support to entities providing health care, health care providers associations, and Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs), taking into consideration the needs of rural and medically underserved communities, to establish, enhance, or expand evidence informed or evidenced-based programs or protocols to promote resilience, mental health, and wellness among their providers, other personnel, and members, collectively known as the “Health Workforce.”\nApproximately 10 awards will be made totaling approximately $29 million over three years to health care organizations to support members of their workforce. This includes establishing, enhancing, or expanding evidence-informed programs or protocols to adopt, promote and implement an organizational culture of wellness that includes resilience and mental health among their employees.\nHealth and Public Safety Workforce Resiliency Training Program - Apply by August 30\nThe purpose of this program is to plan, develop, operate or participate in health professions and nursing training activities using evidence-based or evidence-informed strategies, to reduce and address burnout, suicide, mental health conditions and substance use disorders and promote resiliency among health care students, residents, professionals, paraprofessionals, trainees, public safety officers, and employers of such individuals, collectively known as the “Health Workforce,” in rural and underserved communities.\nApproximately 30 awards will be made totaling approximately $68 million over three years for educational institutions and other appropriate state, local, Tribal, public or private nonprofit entities training those early in their health careers. This includes providing evidence-informed planning, development and training in health profession activities in order to reduce burnout, suicide and promote resiliency among the workforce.\nProposals Addressing the Intersections of Racial Equity and Healthcare Equity with the WITH Foundation and American Academy of Developmental Medicine and Dentistry - Apply by August 31\nThe WITH Foundation (WITH) and the American Academy of Developmental Medicine and Dentistry (AADMD) are partnering in an effort to support projects that address the intersections of racial equity and healthcare equity for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.\nThis RFP is intended to support projects for a period of one (1) year. This RFP also seeks to foster the development of new partnerships between community, healthcare, and disability organizations. If the proposed project includes organizations that have an established/existing partnership(s), then the proposed project should include significant and new efforts undertaken by the partnership and/or new partners joining the existing collaborative efforts. Partnerships that are led by or include BIPOC-led organizations are strongly encouraged.\nThe geographic areas of focus for this RFP are self-selected by the proposing organization/collaborative partners, but must be within the United States. As a result of this RFP, it is anticipated that up to four (4) grant awards will be made. Each grant award will be up to $50,000.\nThis is an invitation for collaborative proposals which focus on projects that address the intersections of racial equity and healthcare equity for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Proposals should use one of the following approaches:\nImplementation: Support implementation of models, i.e., projects that support community-based PCPs in providing care to BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) adults with I/DD\nEducational resources: Develop additional educational resources for Primary Care Providers who serve BIPOC adults with I/DD\nResearch: Support regional or national research related to the care BIPOC adults with I/DD receive from Primary Care Providers.\nA secondary goal of this RFP is to foster new partnerships or significantly enhance existing partnerships between disability organizations, self-advocates, community organizations, and healthcare providers. Proposals and partnerships that are led by or include BIPOC-led organizations are strongly encouraged.\nAward of Grant: Grants of up to $50,000 (each) for 1-year period will be awarded. Please read the information provided on the pages below before submitting your proposal. Additional information will be posted on the Foundation’s website at withfoundation.org.\nProposal Deadline: Proposals must be submitted online by August 31, 2021 by 5:00 p.m. PDT\nSol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Funding - Apply by September 3\nThe Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center at Johns Hopkins is pleased to announce that funding is available for a limited number of novel developmental research programs (pilot projects) in the study of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. This program funds important new pilot projects with promising translational potential that do not have sufficient data for an independently funded NIH grant. Projects of high priority should focus on new research directions, explore innovative ideas, test unconventional, but potentially important, new hypotheses, or ascertain the feasibility of new research approaches. Applications are due Friday, September 3, 2021 at 5:00 p.m.\nFunding is available for novel developmental research programs (pilot projects). Funds ($50,000 per year with the option of re-applying for a second year of funding) may be requested for the salaries of faculty, postdoctoral fellows or technicians, for equipment, and/or for consumable supplies.\nAmerican Heart Association Funding Opportunities - First Deadline by September 9\nThe AHA will offer training grants and early career funding programs this fall. Deadlines for programs include:\nSeptember 9: Institutional Award for Undergraduate Student Training: This award is made to qualified institutions that can offer a meaningful research experience that supports the AHA mission that encourages undergraduate college students from all disciplines to consider research careers.\nSeptember 14: Predoctoral Fellowship: Enhances the training of promising students in pre-doctoral or clinical health professional degree training programs and who intend careers as scientists, physician-scientists or other clinician-scientists, or related careers aimed at improving global health and wellbeing.\nSeptember 15: Postdoctoral Fellowship: Enhances the training of postdoctoral applicants who are not yet independent. The applicant must be embedded in an appropriate investigative group with the mentorship, support, and relevant scientific guidance of a research mentor.\nSeptember 21: AHA-CHF Congenital Heart Defect Research Awards: The AHA and The Children’s Heart Foundation (CHF) AHA/CHF Congenital Heart Defect Research Awards will support pre- and postdoctoral fellows who are actively conducting basic, clinical, population or translational research directly related to congenital heart defects.\nSeptember 30: Enduring Hearts Research Awards in Pediatric Heart Transplantation: The Enduring Hearts Foundation and the AHA have established a Collaborative Sciences Award for research specific to solid organ transplantation longevity. The award fosters innovative, collaborative approaches to research. Projects must include at least one co-PI from a field directly related to pediatric heart transplantation and one co-PI from a field not directly related to clinical pediatric heart transplantation research.\nNIH Director's Pioneer Award Program - Apply by September 10\nThe NIH Director’s Pioneer Award Program supports individual scientists of exceptional creativity who propose highly innovative research projects with the potential to produce a major impact on broad, important areas relevant to the mission of NIH. For the program to support the best possible researchers and research, applications are sought which reflect the full diversity of the nation’s research workforce. Individuals from diverse backgrounds and from the full spectrum of eligible institutions in all geographic locations are strongly encouraged to apply to this Funding Opportunity Announcement. In addition, applications in all topics relevant to the broad mission of NIH are welcome, including, but not limited to, topics in the behavioral, social, biomedical, applied, and formal sciences and topics that may involve basic, translational, or clinical research. To be considered pioneering, the proposed research must reflect substantially different scientific directions from those already being pursued in the investigator’s research program or elsewhere. The NIH Director’s Pioneer Award is a component of the High-Risk, High-Reward Research (HRHR) Program of the NIH Common Fund.\nEligibility: There are no eligibility restrictions.\nDates: Proposals are due by September 10, 2021.\nNOSI: Navigating Pediatric to Adult Health Care: Lost in Transition\nOMH, in partnership with the OASH Office of Infectious Disease and HIV/AIDS Policy (OIDP), has developed a national prize competition to identify innovative and effective approaches to improve pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) utilization among racial and ethnic minority people who are at increased risk of HIV infections or are people with HIV/AIDS.\nIn June, to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report’s (MMWR) first reporting of HIV, the U.S. government coordinated events and activities across federal agencies and worked together with non-federal partners to end the HIV epidemic focusing on four key themes – Reflect, Recommit, Reenergize, Reengage.\nThe HIV Challenge initiative aligns with “Reenergize” and “Reengage” themes by creating an opportunity for on-the-ground voices to participate in developing novel, innovative approaches that can be successfully implemented within their local, at-risk communities.\nInformation about the HIV Challenge is available in English and Spanish on the OMH website. Registration is open until September 24, 2021.\nLocal Level Educational Grants Program to Increase Awareness & Understanding of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy from Pfizer Global Medical Grants - Rolling Deadline until October 2021\nDate RFP Issued: February 8, 2021\nGeographic Scope: United States\nClinical Area: Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM)\nLink to full RFP: Local Level Educational Grants Program to Increase Awareness & Understanding of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM)\nApplication Due Date: 2021 application windows - please see RFP for details\nSpecific Area of Interest: Projects that will be considered for Pfizer support will include local/community activities that focus on improving the care of patients by:\nEducating [HCPs] to increase awareness and enable appropriate patient identification by closing knowledge gaps in disease epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and emerging treatment paradigms.\nAddressing barriers to appropriate diagnosis and strategies that reduce burdens for patients and providers along the pathway to appropriate diagnosis\nExploring strategies that empower patients to play an active role in understanding TTR amyloidosis and decision making regarding available diagnostic and treatment options\nIncreasing awareness of the changing epidemiology of TTR amyloidosis with a focus on the prevalence of hereditary ATTR and wild-type ATTR subtypes as the science continues to evolve\nIncreasing awareness of at risk and undiagnosed populations with TTR amyloidosis with a focus on improving strategies that facilitate the appropriate diagnosis of patients early in the disease course before overt cardiomyopathy has ensued [e.g. populations with electrical disturbances, valvular disease, orthopedic manifestations, and cardio-oncology diseases (i.e. Light Chain Amyloidosis)]\nIncreasing awareness of bone radiotracer scintigraphy as a non-invasive alternative to invasive endomyocardial biopsy for the appropriate diagnosis of TTR cardiac amyloidosis in select patients\nSupporting the dissemination of information related to the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management of ATTR-CM Addressing geographic and racial healthcare disparities\nAddressing challenges to appropriate diagnoses and caring for patients during an era of increased telehealth utilization\nSupporting the development of cardiac amyloid centers that provide leadership, best practices, support and/or training of HCPs within a multidisciplinary team environment in order to improve the quality of care for cardiac amyloidosis patients.\nNOSI: Promoting Vaccine Access, Acceptance and Uptake among Children, Adolescents, Pregnant and Lactating Women, and Persons with Disabilities - Open Deadline\nThe purpose of this Notice is to inform potential applicants that the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is participating, effective immediately, in NOT-HD-21-027 \"Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Navigating Pediatric to Adult Health Care: Lost in Transition\".\nNHLBI encourages research that aligns with the Institute's strategic goals and objectives.\nFor this NOSI, NHLBI is interested in stimulating research that focuses on the unique health care transition periods for patients with Heart, Lung, Blood and Sleep (HLBS) diseases and disorders.\nWith improved rates of survival in childhood illnesses in the United States and globally, individuals are living longer with one or more chronic conditions. During the health care transition period, there are several barriers to accessing and engaging in age-appropriate care which could lead to an increased risk for long-term physical and psychosocial effects from these chronic conditions and their treatments. Children and adolescents with chronic HLBS diseases and disorders often require complex multidisciplinary care. As such, it is critical to ensure that health care transitions in this context include coordination of these complexities of care that are unique to chronic HLBS conditions.\nTo harmonize with our ongoing efforts across the Institute’s pediatric research portfolio, this Notice of Special Interest is designed to solicit research that will address the needs of diverse populations with chronic HLBS conditions. Applications responsive to this Notice are encouraged to propose research that will advance our understanding of promising practices designed to facilitate successful health care transitions as well as address barriers and facilitators to such transitions that may be unique to youth with HLBS diseases and disorders. The ultimate goal is to provide a research framework that will enhance quality of care, promote health literacy, and improve patient and family outcomes during and after health care transitions\nVaccines are a central component of preventive care for populations of high priority to the NICHD. NICHD's priority populations include infants, children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women, and persons with physical and intellectual disabilities, particularly those who are also underserved or experience health disparities. Strategies that promote access, acceptance and uptake of CDC-recommended vaccines among these populations have the potential not only to reduce the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases, but also to promote health and well-being and to improve trust in science and health care. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic makes this initiative especially timely because many jurisdictions seek to effectively deploy vaccines against COVID-19 as they are approved and become more readily available for children. Furthermore, insights gained from this initiative may inform efforts to ameliorate declines in rates of routine childhood and adolescent vaccine delivery.\nThe reasons for lower rates of vaccine uptake are varied, but include concerns about vaccine safety, possible long-term side effects, the potential for interactions with prescribed medications, and pre-existing conditions or disabilities. These concerns can be compounded by lack of vaccine acceptance due to skepticism regarding the accuracy or completeness of available information, low perceived risk of infection or severe illness, low perceived efficacy of available vaccines, beliefs regarding other preventive strategies against vaccine-preventable infections, or high perceived risk of adverse events. Finally, structural and historical factors, including costs and systemic barriers that impede access to care, can all have the common end effect of decreasing rates of vaccine access. Social determinants of health (SDoH), defined as the conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship and age, intersect with these structural and historical factors in ways that also influence rates of vaccine access, acceptability and uptake. For many NICHD priority populations, vaccine uptake has added complexity because the person providing consent for vaccination may not be the person receiving the vaccine.\nThis NOSI encourages applications that address dimensions of access, acceptance and uptake of CDC-recommended vaccines among infants, children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women, and persons with disabilities, especially among populations who are underserved or experience health disparities.\nNOSI: Improving Patient Adherence to Treatment and Prevention Regimens to Promote Health - Open Deadline\nThis NOSI calls for research grant applications that address patient adherence to treatment and prevention regimens to promote health outcomes. Applications may address healthcare regimen initiation, implementation, and/or persistence by patients. Descriptive and intervention research may address adherence determinants at one or more levels of ecologic influence, including the patient, caregiver/family, provider, healthcare system, and community levels. The objective of this NOSI is to encourage research grant applications that address patient adherence to treatment and prevention regimens to promote health outcomes. Applications may address healthcare regimen initiation, implementation, and/or persistence by patients. Descriptive and intervention research may address adherence determinants at one or more levels of ecologic influence, including the patient, caregiver/family, provider, healthcare system, and community levels.\nNOSI: Developing and Testing Multilevel Physical Activity Interventions to Improve Health and Well-Being - Open Deadline\nThe Office of Disease Prevention and participating ICOs are issuing this Notice to highlight our interest in encouraging highly innovative and promising translational research to improve our understanding of how to increase and maintain health-enhancing physical activity using multi-level interventions in a wide range of population groups across the lifespan (e.g., including racial and ethnic minorities, children, older adults, persons with medical/behavioral health conditions, and persons with disabilities). This includes efficacy, effectiveness and dissemination and implementation studies. It also includes support for pilot, exploratory, or developmental work in preparation for full-scale, fully powered efficacy studies, preliminary feasibility studies, as well as expanded feasibility work for a discrete, specified, circumscribed project that is based on well-established theory, existing data and evidence-based interventions.\nThe Role of Work in Health Disparities in the U.S. (R01 Clinical Trials Optional) - Various Deadlines\nThe purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support innovative population-based research that can contribute to identifying and characterizing pathways and mechanisms through which work or occupation influences health outcomes and health status among populations with health and/or health care disparities, and how work functions as a social determinant of health.\nThis FOA has various deadlines. Click here for more information.\nSummer Research Education Experience Program (R25 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) - Various Deadlines\nThe NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research education activities in the mission areas of the NIH. The overarching goal of this R25 program is to support educational activities that complement and/or enhance the training of a workforce to meet the nation’s biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs.\nTo accomplish the stated over-arching goal, this FOA will support creative educational activities with a primary focus on:\nResearch Experiences\nfor high school students, undergraduate students, and/or science teachers during the summer academic break.\nApplication Due Dates: March 17, 2022, March 17, 2023, and March 19, 2024\nAll applications are due by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization. All types of non-AIDS applications allowed for this funding opportunity announcement are due on the listed date(s).\nApplicants are encouraged to apply early to allow adequate time to make any corrections to errors found in the application during the submission process by the due date.\nAHRQ Health Services Research Dissertation Program (R36) - Various Deadlines\nApplications for dissertation research grants must be responsive to AHRQ’s mission, which is to produce evidence to make health care safer, higher quality, more accessible, equitable, and affordable, and to work with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and other partners to make sure that the evidence is understood and used.\nAHRQ welcomes any area of health services research relevant to AHRQ's priority areas as a dissertation project topic. AHRQ's priority areas of focus are:\nResearch to improve health care patient safety.\nHarnessing data and technology to improve health care quality and patient outcomes and to provide a 360-degree view of the patient.\nResearch to increase accessibility and affordability of health care by examining innovative market approaches to care delivery and financing.\nCandidates are encouraged to address health services research issues critical to AHRQ priority populations, including: individuals living in inner city or rural (including frontier) areas; low-income and minority groups; women, children, the elderly; and individuals with special health care needs, including those with disabilities and those who need chronic or end-of-life health care.\nCandidates must conduct dissertation projects which focus on health care delivery in the United States. AHRQ will not accept international health care research projects.\nApplication Due Date(s): February 1, May 1, August 1, and November 1 annually, beginning August 1, 2018, by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization.\nClosing Knowledge Gaps in Osteoarthritis and Osteoarthritis Pain from Pfizer Global Medical Grants - Various Deadlines\nPfizer and Lilly are collaborating to provide grant support for continuing professional education in the areas of Osteoarthritis/ Osteoarthritis Pain. We are committed to supporting innovative, independent medical education for healthcare professionals. Grants via this collaboration will be funded by Pfizer but reviewed and approved by both companies.\nGlobal Medical Grants (GMG) supports the global healthcare community’s independent initiatives (e.g., research, quality improvement, or education) to improve patient outcomes in areas of unmet medical need that are aligned with Pfizer’s medical and/or scientific strategies.\nPfizer’s GMG competitive grant program involves a publicly posted general Request for Proposal (RFP) that provides detail regarding a general area of interest, sets timelines for review and approval, and uses an internal Pfizer review process to make final grant decisions. Through this RFP we encourage organizations to submit grant requests that, if funded, will support education in a specific disease state, therapeutic area, or broader area of educational need. Educational activities should not be focused on products specific to Pfizer and/or Lilly.\nFor all independent medical education grants, the grant requester (and ultimately the grantee) is responsible for the design, implementation, and conduct of the independent initiative supported by the grant. Pfizer must not be involved in any aspect of project development, nor the conduct of the independent education program.\nDate RFP Issued: March 3, 2021\nClinical Area: Pain - Osteoarthritis\nLink to full RFP: Closing Knowledge Gaps in Osteoarthritis and Osteoarthritis Pain\nApplication Due Date: multiple application windows - please see RFP documentation\nSpecific Area of Interest: Through this RFP, it is our intent to support virtual and potentially live programs and other innovative digital medical education for HCPs. The focus is on Osteoarthritis and Chronic Pain associated with OA and patient-centered standard of care and management including pain and function, the biopsychosocial aspects of the disease, the complexities and challenges of care, and the future of OA/OA pain management. Programs targeted towards reviewing data at virtual or live osteoarthritis, rheumatology, pain, primary care, or other associated medical conferences, including but not limited to OARSI, EULAR, PAINWeek, AAFP, WCO, and ACR are of particular interest, as well as other meaningful education outside of congresses.\nNotice of Special Interest (NOSI): NINR Priority Areas for Training and Career Development Awards- Various Deadlines\nThe National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) is committed to training the next generation of nurse scientists at all levels of education and encouraging training in important new areas of nursing research. NINR is issuing this Notice to highlight interest in receiving grant applications focused in the following area(s):\nHealth disparities and health equity\nCommunity and population health\nObservational and intervention research with practice and policy applications\nEmbodiment of social inequalities\nMultilevel approaches bridging biology to society\nMultiple Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards - Various Deadlines\nIndividual Postdoctoral Fellowship (Parent F32)\nThe purpose of the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Individual Postdoctoral Fellowship (Parent F32) is to support research training of highly promising postdoctoral candidates who have the potential to become productive, independent investigators in scientific health-related research fields relevant to the missions of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers. Applications are expected to incorporate exceptional mentorship.\nThis Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is designed specifically for candidates proposing research that does not involve leading an independent clinical trial, a clinical trial feasibility study, or an ancillary clinical trial, but does allow candidates to propose research experience in a clinical trial led by a sponsor or co-sponsor.\nIndividual Predoctoral Fellowship (Parent F31)\nThe purpose of the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Individual Predoctoral Fellowship (Parent F31) award is to enable promising predoctoral students to obtain individualized, mentored research training from outstanding faculty sponsors while conducting dissertation research in scientific health-related fields relevant to the missions of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers. The proposed mentored research training must reflect the candidate’s dissertation research project and is expected to clearly enhance the individual’s potential to develop into a productive, independent research scientist.\nFirst available due date August 08, 2021\nIndividual Predoctoral Fellowship to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Parent F31-Diversity)\nThe purpose of this Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Individual Predoctoral Fellowship to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research award is to enhance the diversity of the health-related research workforce by supporting the research training of predoctoral students from diverse backgrounds including those from groups that are underrepresented in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research workforce.\nThrough this award program, promising predoctoral students will obtain individualized, mentored research training from outstanding faculty sponsors while conducting well-defined research projects in scientific health-related fields relevant to the missions of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers. The proposed mentored research training is expected to clearly enhance the individual's potential to develop into a productive, independent research scientist.\nThis Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) does not allow candidates to propose to lead an independent clinical trial, a clinical trial feasibility study, or an ancillary clinical trial, but does allow candidates to propose research experience in a clinical trial led by a sponsor or co-sponsor.\nNIH Support for Conferences and Scientific Meetings (Parent R13 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) - Various Deadlines\nThe purpose of the NIH Research Conference Grant (R13) is to support high quality scientific conferences that are relevant to the NIH's mission and to the public health. A conference is defined as a symposium, seminar, workshop, or any other organized and formal meeting, whether conducted face-to-face or via the internet, where individuals assemble (or meet virtually) for the primary purpose to exchange technical information and views or explore or clarify a defined subject, problem, or area of knowledge, whether or not a published report results from such meeting. The NIH recognizes the value to members of the research community and all other interested parties in supporting such forums.\nThe NIH recognizes that the value of conferences is enhanced when persons from diverse backgrounds and perspectives are included in all aspects of conference/meeting planning and when attendees are assured of a safe, respectful, and inclusive environment free from discrimination, harassment, and other barriers that might prevent or inhibit one’s participation. NIH encourages conference grant applicants to enhance diversity by increasing the participation of individuals from diverse backgrounds, including those from underrepresented groups, in the planning and implementation, and ultimately, participation in the proposed conference. Per NIH Notice of Interest in Diversity NOT-OD-20-031, underrepresented groups include individuals from nationally (US) underrepresented racial and ethnic groups, individuals with disabilities, individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds, and women. Applications for NIH support of conferences and scientific meetings must include a plan to enhance diversity in all aspects of conference planning and implementation. Diversity plans will be assessed during the scientific and technical merit review of the application. Though the proposed plans will not be scored individually, they will be considered in the overall impact score (see Updated Guidelines on Enhancing Diversity and Creating Safe Environments in Conferences Supported by NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements, NOT-OD-21-053).\nNIH is also committed to changing the culture of science to end sexual harassment and other forms of harassment, including harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex/gender, disability, and age in NIH-funded activities. Harassment, in any form, is detrimental and presents obstacles that hinder an individual’s ability to fully participate in science. Only in safe, respectful, and inclusive environments can individuals achieve their fullest potential and support the mission of the NIH. As stated in NOT-OD-15-152, Civil Rights Protections in NIH-Supported Research, Programs, Conferences and Other Activities, consistent with existing federal civil rights laws, it is expected that organizers of NIH-supported conferences and scientific meetings take steps to maintain a safe and respectful environment for all attendees by providing an environment free from all forms of discrimination and harassment, sexual or otherwise. It is expected that organizers of NIH-supported conferences employ strategies that seek to prevent or mitigate the effects of discrimination and harassment, sexual and otherwise. Below are examples of strategies, which are not inclusive of all strategies, that could be employed to support a safe environment (conference organizers should consider additional strategies as appropriate):\nEstablishing a conference code of conduct with clearly stated expectations of behavior, systems of reporting, and procedures for addressing inappropriate behavior. The code of conduct and reporting mechanisms should be clear and accessible to all meeting attendees.\nProviding resources to support individuals who report incidents of harassment, including:\npersonnel trained in advocacy and counseling\nreferrals to legal or health care resources\nprocedures for ensuring the safety of all conference attendees, up to and including removing a perpetrator from the conference\nConducting conference climate surveys specifically related to sexual harassment and professional misconduct\nAdditionally, all NIH sponsored and/or supported conferences must be held at accessible sites, as outlined by section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and, as applicable, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Conference registration materials should provide a questionnaire that will allow participants with disabilities to voluntarily identify any special needs, so that conference organizers can make plans to accommodate these needs.\nSupport of conferences is contingent on the fiscal and programmatic interests and priorities of the individual NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs). Therefore, a conference grant application is required to contain a permission-to-submit letter from any one of the participating ICs' conference grant contact person (see Contacts List). Applicants are urged to initiate contact well in advance of the chosen application due date and no later than 6 weeks before that date. Please note that agreement to accept an application does not guarantee funding. In general, NIH will not issue a conference grant award unless the Federal award date can precede the conference start date.\nEvidence for Action: Investigator-Initiated Research to Build a Culture of Health - Open Deadline\nEvidence for Action (E4A), a national program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF), funds research that expands the evidence needed to build a Culture of Health. A Culture of Health is broadly defined as one in which good health and well-being flourish across geographic, demographic, and social sectors; public and private decision-making is guided by the goal of fostering equitable communities; and everyone has the opportunity to make choices that lead to healthy lifestyles. RWJF’s Culture of Health Action Framework, which was developed to catalyze a national movement toward improved health, well-being, and equity, guides E4A’s program strategy.\nEligibility and Selection Criteria\nPreference will be given to applicants that are either institutes of higher education, public entities, or nonprofit organizations that are tax exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and are not private foundations or Type III supporting organizations. Other types of nonprofit and for-profit organizations are also eligible to apply. The Foundation may require additional documentation. Applicant organizations must be based in the United States or its territories. Submissions from teams that include both U.S. and international members are eligible, but the lead applicant must be based in the United States.\nWe hosted an applicant webinar on April 12, 2019.\nDuring the webinar, we:\nReviewed our updated Call for Proposals and the different phases in the application process\nDiscussed what it means to be an E4A grantee\nHosted a live Q&A period with participants.\nA recording is available here.\nSince applications are accepted on a rolling basis, there is no deadline for submission. Generally, applicants can expect to be notified within 6-9 weeks of their LOI submission. Applicants invited to the full proposal stage will have 2 months to submit their proposal once they receive notification. Full proposal funding decisions will generally be made within 6-9 weeks of the submission deadline.\nTotal Awards\nThere is not an explicit range for allowable budget requests. You should request the amount of funding you will need to complete your proposed research project – including both direct and indirect costs for the entire duration of your study. Typical grant durations may be up to 36 months, with some exceptions when durations of up to 48 months are justified. Visit the Grantee section of our website for a sense of the number and size of grants funded by E4A at http://www.evidenceforaction.org/grantees.\nFor more information on how to apply, click here.\nPioneering Ideas: Exploring the Future to Build a Culture of Health - Open Deadline\nPioneering Ideas: Exploring the Future to Build a Culture of Health seeks proposals that are primed to influence health equity in the future. We are interested in ideas that address any of these four areas of focus: Future of Evidence; Future of Social Interaction; Future of Food; Future of Work. Additionally, we welcome ideas that might fall outside of these four focus areas, but which offer unique approaches to advancing health equity and our progress toward a Culture of Health.\nWe want to hear from scientists, anthropologists, artists, urban planners, community leaders—anyone, anywhere who has a new or unconventional idea that could alter the trajectory of health, and improve health equity and well-being for generations to come. The changes we seek require diverse perspectives and cannot be accomplished by any one person, organization or sector.\nPreference will be given to applicants that are tax exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and are not private foundations or Type III supporting organizations. Applicant organizations must be based in the United States or its territories. Submissions from teams that include both U.S. and international members are eligible, but the lead applicant must be based in the United States.\nApplications will be evaluated based on, but not limited to, the following criteria:\nStrength of health equity focus: How will this project increase opportunities for everyone to live the healthiest life possible, no matter who they are, where they live, or how much money they make?\nStrength of insight: How will this project help us anticipate, adapt to, and influence the future in 5 to 15 years?\nStrength of idea: Is this project pioneering in one or more of these ways?\nOffers a new take or perspective on a long-running, perplexing problem\nChallenges assumptions or cultural practices\nTakes an existing idea and gives it a new spin—or a novel application\nApplies ideas from other fields\nExplores how an emerging trend will shape the future\nDescribe in which other way you see your project as pioneering\nProposals will be accepted throughout the year on a rolling admission.\nThe average Pioneer grant in 2019 was $315,031. However, there is not an explicit range for budget requests. Grant periods are flexible, though generally range from 1 to 3 years.\nClick here to apply.\nNotices of Special Interest (NOSIs) on COVID-19 - Various Deadlines\nNotice of Special Interest (NOSI) regarding the Availability of Administrative Supplements and Urgent Competitive Revisions for Research on the 2019 Novel Coronavirus and the Behavioral and Social Sciences\nNotice Number: NOT-OD-20-097\nExpiration Date: April 1, 2021\nThis NOSI highlights the urgent need for social, behavioral, economic, health communication, and epidemiologic research relevant to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and COVID-19. This NOSI encourages urgent competitive supplements and administrative supplements to existing longitudinal studies that address key social and behavioral questions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including adherence to and transmission mitigation from various containment and mitigation efforts; social, behavioral, and economic impacts from these containment and mitigation efforts; and downstream health impacts resulting from these social, behavioral, and economic impacts,including differences in risk and resiliency based on gender, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and other social determinants of health.\nView NOT-OD-20-097\nNotice of Special Interest (NOSI) regarding the Availability of Administrative Supplements and Urgent Competitive Revisions for Research on the 2019 Novel Coronavirus\nNotice Number: NOT-DA-20-047\nExpiration Date: March 31, 2021\nThe National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is issuing this NOSI to highlight the urgent need for research on the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV, also known as COVID-19). NIDA is especially interested in research collecting and examining data on the risks and outcomes for COVID-19 infection in individuals suffering from substance use disorders.\nView NOT-DA-20-047\nNotice of Special Interest (NOSI) regarding the Availability of Administrative Supplements and Urgent Competitive Revisions for Mental Health Research on the 2019 Novel Coronavirus\nNotice Number: NOT-MH-20-047\nExpiration Date: April 16, 2021\nThe National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is issuing this NOSI to highlight interest in research to strengthen the mental health response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to future public health emergencies, including pandemics. NIMH is especially interested in research to provide an evidence base for how a disrupted workforce may adequately respond/adapt to and maintain services or provide additional care for new or increasing mental health needs, as well as to learn about the effects of the virus and public health measures to prevent spread of COVID-19 that may have an impact on mental health. Research addressing the intersection of COVID-19, mental health, and HIV treatment and prevention are also of interest to NIMH.\nView NOT-MH-20-047\nNotice of Special Interest (NOSI): NIA Availability of Administrative Supplements and Revision Supplements on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)\nNotice Number: NOT-AG-20-022\nExpiration Date: May 1, 2021\nThe National Institute on Aging (NIA) is issuing this NOSI to highlight the urgent need for research on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The mission of NIA is to support and conduct genetic, biological, clinical, behavioral, social, and economic research on aging. This NOSI supports mission critical areas of research for NIA as they relate to the COVID-19 pandemic.\nView NOT-AG-20-022\n2020 Reimagine Education Awards - Open Deadline\nQS Quacquarelli Symonds – compilers of the QS World University Rankings – and The Wharton School have now opened the 2020 Reimagine Education Awards, which are offering $50,000 and global visibility to an outstanding approach to teaching or learning.\nThe Awards were contested by 1518 university faculty, cross-departmental teams, and edtech companies in 2019, and have received over 5000 submissions since their 2014 inauguration – making them currently the world’s largest educational awards program.\nPrevious winners include Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Imperial College London, and the London School of Economics.\nThere are also 14 Category Award Winners – with categories including Virtual Reality, Artificial Intelligence, Hybrid Learning, Presence Learning, and Best Educational App – and awards available for outstanding submissions by region and by discipline.\nAll applications can be made free of charge, and can be submitted by visiting www.Reimagine-Education.com/application. There is no restriction on the number of unique applications that can be made by an individual institution or department.\nJohns Hopkins University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) Small Grants Program - Various Deadlines\nThe purpose of the small grants program is to offer financial assistance for HIV/AIDS research outside of our usual award mechanisms, on an ongoing basis.\nFunds are to be used to:\nCollect or analyze data/specimens to inform a research application (new or under revision for re-submission)\nProvide incentives to enhance/expand enrollment\nProvide salary support for staff or a student to expand or add an aim to an existing protocol.\nExtend currently funded research (i.e. expand analysis, enlarge scope)\nOvercome an obstacle to currently funded research or application (i.e. Advertising, Grant writer)\nTest the feasibility of an idea (acceptability of intervention, recruitment method, etc.)\nPreliminary Projects (Focus groups, qualitative interviews, survey)\nOther needs? Just ask.\nApplication Submission:\nInterested applicants are encouraged to contact before beginning the application process, in order to discuss the fit of your request with the CFAR goals for the Small Grants Program.\nComplete an application package HERE\nThe application package should include the following:\nA completed “Small Grants” request form\nA copy of the applicant’s NIH biosketch\nAny CFAR member who meets the NIH definition of “Early Stage Investigator” Senior faculty will be considered on an exceptional ad hoc basis\nAny Hopkins faculty member or post-doc conducting HIV/AIDS research\nThis program provides reimbursement or direct purchases of up to $5,000 per approved request.\nProjects that require institutional approvals (e.g. IRB, IACUC) must have copies of those approvals on file with the Developmental Core before funds will be released.\nDeadlines:\nRolling. Submissions will be circulated for review by the CFAR Developmental Core and other invited reviewers and a decision made within 4 weeks of application.\nFrance-Merrick Foundation - Open Deadline\nThe France-Merrick Foundation concentrates its grant-making within the State of Maryland and primarily within the greater Baltimore area. Applicants must be a non-profit organization holding 501(c)(3) status under the Internal Revenue Code.\nThe Foundation favors one-time, project-oriented requests which have defined beginnings and endings, as opposed to annual giving or ongoing operational support. Applicants must have the financial stability to sustain the project for which funding is being sought. In addition, applicants are expected to demonstrate adequate administrative capacity, financial stability and program effectiveness, including the ability to describe evaluation criteria, methods and expected outcomes in their requests.\nThe Foundation does not provide funding for:\nSpecial events or advertising space in programs\nDeficit financing/debt reduction\nPolitical activities\nGeneral operating/annual giving\nIf the request involves new construction or renovation of an existing building, special attention will be given to the sustainable building practices and energy conservation measures being incorporated into the project.\nAmgen Foundation Grants - Open Deadline\nThe Amgen Foundation seeks to advance excellence in science education to inspire the next generation of innovators, and invest in strengthening communities where Amgen staff members live and work. The Amgen Foundation carefully considers each grant application it receives, seeking out diverse organizations whose philosophies, objectives and approaches align with the Foundation goals and mission.\nThe Foundation awards grants to local, regional, and international nonprofit organizations that are replicable, scalable and designed to have a lasting and meaningful effect in our communities. Grants should reflect Amgen's dedication to impacting lives in inspiring and innovative ways. Amgen Foundation grants range from $10,000 to multi-million dollar commitments.\nThe Amgen Foundation has established grant-making partnerships with qualified intermediary partners to manage donations to organizations chartered outside of the United States.\nUsing Innovative Digital Healthcare Solutions to Improve Quality at the Point of Care (R21/R33 Clinical Trail Optional) - Various Deadlines\nThe Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's (AHRQ) mission is to produce evidence to make health care safer, of higher quality, more accessible, equitable, and affordable, and to work within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and with other partners to make sure that the evidence is understood and used.\nThis FOA invites applications that propose research projects that test promising digital healthcare interventions aimed at improving quality of care and healthcare services delivery at the point of care. This FOA will use the Phased Innovation Award (R21/R33) mechanism to provide up to 2 years of R21 support for initial developmental activities, and up to 3 years of R33 support for expanded activities.\nTransition to the R33 phase is not guaranteed for all grants awarded under this FOA. Continuation from the R21 phase to the R33 phase will be determined by AHRQ staff based on progress achieved in the R21 phase and factors such as program priorities and availability of funds.\nApplication Due Date: Standard dates apply.\nAll applications are due by 5:00 PM local time of the applicant organization\nApplicants are encouraged to apply early to allow adequate time to for them to make, by the due date, corrections to any errors found in the application during the submission process.\nAnderson-Rogers Foundation - Open Deadline\nThe Anderson-Rogers Foundation makes grants to 501(c)(3) organizations that address a variety of social and environmental needs. The Foundation is particularly interested in funding programs in the following areas:\nReproductive and abortion rights\nAccess to contraception and sex education, particularly programs aimed at reducing teen pregnancy rates\nEnvironmental education and activism, including programs to preserve and restore habitat and protect endangered animals\nPromotion of environmentally sound agricultural practices and food systems\nPromotion of humanist values and separation of church and state\nSemnani Family Foundation - Rolling Deadline\nThe mission of the Semnani Family Foundation is to find creative and effective ways of serving the needs of marginal and vulnerable communities around the world, particularly those whose survival and security is at grave risk or immediate danger due to forces and factors beyond their control. Whether it is helping communities recover from disease, famine, earthquake or war, or promoting research, educational and civic initiatives, we focus our giving where we can make the most difference.\nDeadline: Rolling\nGrant Amount: $27,000,000\nFor additional information visit http://semnanifamilyfoundation.org/\nCigna Foundation World of Difference Grants - Rolling Deadline\nThe Cigna Foundation is deeply committed to providing opportunities for individuals everywhere to achieve the best possible health. We pursue that goal through our World of Difference Grants. Our overall World of Difference focus is Health Equity, helping people overcome barriers to their health and well-being related to factors such as ethnicity, race, gender, age, geography, or economics. World of Difference Grants emphasize partnership: sharing the knowledge and expertise of Cigna's professionals with dedicated non-profit partners. We believe that together, we can make \"A World of Difference\" in both individual and community health.\nGrant Amount: US $50,000 - US $150,000\nBioinformatics Interdisciplinary Postdoctoral Fellowship in Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (F31) - Various Deadlines\nThis funding opportunity is to enable promising predoctoral fellows to obtain interdisciplinary training from outstanding faculty sponsors in bioinformatics and scientific research relevant to the mission of NIDDK's Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (DDEMD). This training will require mentorship in both bioinformatics and metabolic disease disciplines. In order to advance bioinformatics science and encourage its application to these diseases and disorders, NIDDK invites applications from individuals with novel individual development plans (IDP). The fellowship training plan should focus on interdisciplinary approaches and mentorship among data or computer science and medicine in topics related to diabetes, endocrinology and metabolic diseases.\nThis Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) does not allow applicants to propose to lead an independent clinical trial, but does allow applicants to propose research experience in a clinical trial led by a sponsor or co-sponsor.\nApplication Due Date: Standard dates apply\nAll applications are due, by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization. All types of non-AIDS applications allowed for this funding opportunity announcement are due on the listed date(s).\nThis Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to enable promising postdoctoral fellows to obtain interdisciplinary training from outstanding faculty sponsors in bioinformatics and scientific research relevant to the mission of NIDDK's Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (DDEMD). This training will require mentorship in both bioinformatics and metabolic disease disciplines. In order to advance bioinformatics science and encourage its application to these diseases and disorders, NIDDK invites applications from individuals with novel individual development plans (IDP). The fellowship training plan should focus on interdisciplinary approaches and mentorship among data or computer science and medicine in topics related to diabetes, endocrinology and metabolic diseases.\nFunding News Updates\nnih sample grant applications, summary statements, and more...\nSample Grant Applications, Summary Statements, and More\nIf you are new to writing grant applications, sometimes seeing how someone else has presented their idea can help as you are developing your own application. With the gracious permission of successful investigators, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) makes available examples of funded R01, R03, R15, R21, SBIR/STTR, K, and F applications, summary statements, sharing plans, leadership plans, and more. Continue reading →\nNew Salary Cap for NIH Grants : $192,300\nEffective, January 6, 2019, the salary limitation for Executive Level II is $192, 300. For awards issued in those years that were restricted to the prior Executive Level II, including competing awards already issued in FY2019, if adequate funds are available in active awards, and if the salary cap increase is consistent with the institutional base salary, grantees may rebudget funds to accommodate the current Executive Level II salary level. However, no additional funds will be provided to these grant awards.\nNotification of Upcoming Change in Federal-wide Unique Entity Identifier Requirements (NOT-OD-19-098)\nReminder for NIH Grants submitted on or after January 25, 2019: Inclusion Across the Lifespan\nThe policy applies to all NIH conducted or supported research involving human subjects, including research that is otherwise “exempt” under the new Common Rule.\nPolicy: Individuals of all ages, including children and older adults, must be included in all human subjects research, unless there are scientific or ethical reasons not to include them.\nApplications for research involving human subjects must address the age-appropriate inclusion or exclusion of individuals in the proposed research project. Applications must include a description of plans for including individuals in the proposed research project including a rationale for selecting the specific age range justified in the context of the scientific question proposed. If individuals will be excluded from the research based on age, the proposal must include an acceptable justification for the exclusion.\nThe policy applies to all NIH conducted or supported research involving human subjects, including research that is otherwise “exempt” under the new Common Rule\nThe Federal Common Rule lays out requirements for IRBs\nThe Federal Common Rule lays out requirements for IRBs. Effective 1/21/19, the REVISED Common Rule takes effect.\nOne part of the changes deals with what constitutes exempt research (not requiring IRB review or requiring just a limited review)\nChanges are set forth in the link below:\nhttps://www.medstarhealth.org/mhri/focusblog/2018/01/07/revised-common-rule-changes-mean-research/\nQuestions? Please contact Deb Brodlie, Director, Sponsored Projects and Business Development\nRevised NIH Grants Policy Statement for Fiscal Year 2019\nNIH has released a revised Grants Policy Statement that applies to all NIH grants and cooperative agreements with budget periods beginning on or after October 1, 2018. This revised version does not introduce new policies, but it does incorporate all policy changes or updates made throughout the previous year and includes significant enhancements to improve the user interface, navigation, and search. Continue reading →\nNew Application Requirements for Institutional Training Grants:\nLetter of Institutional Commitment to Harassment and Discrimination Protections\nNIH takes the issue of sexual harassment and discrimination very seriously. As such, beginning with applications submitted for due dates on or after January 25, 2019, institutional training grant applications (T15, T32, T34, T35, T36, T37, T90/R90, TL1, TL4) must include a letter that describes the institutional commitment to ensuring that proper policies, procedures, and oversight are in place to prevent discriminatory harassment and other discriminatory practices. Continue reading →\nLegislative Mandates for Fiscal Year 2019\nNIH issued a notice detailing statutory provisions that limit or condition the use of funds on NIH grant, cooperative agreement, and contract awards for FY 2019. These provisions include:\nSalary Limitation Gun Control\nFor additional details, see NOT-OD-19-030.\nAnti-Lobbying Acknowledgment of Federal Funding Restriction on Abortions, with exceptions Ban on Funding Human Embryo Research Limitation on Use of Funds for Promotion of Legalization of Controlled Substances Restriction on disclosure of political affiliation for Federal scientific advisory committee candidates Dissemination of False or Misleading Information Restriction of Pornography on Computer Networks Restriction on Distribution of Sterile Needles","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1578480"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6131560206413269,"wiki_prob":0.6131560206413269,"text":"Climate Change and the Challenges to Human Security in the Global Order: Perspectives on Policies and the Impact on Food Security\nClimate Change and its multidimensional multi-layered impact on humanity represents the biggest challenge to different forms of security, with a particular bearing on various aspects of Human Security.\nQueen Mary Global Policy Institute (QMGPI), Queen Mary School of Business and Management-NEXTEUK Policy Analysis Round Table\nThe Global Order and the future of EU-UK relations. Climate Change and its multidimensional multi-layered impact on humanity represents the biggest challenge to different forms of security, with a particular bearing on various aspects of Human Security.\nWith that as background, how does the combination of forces affect the resilience of various groups around the globe in relation to the seven aspects included in Human Security? Focusing on one of the threats, is food security, with its influence in other aspects, particular exposed due to Climate Change? What are the existing, expected or proposed policies in relation to it?\nA panel of expert policy analysts will discuss the relationship between the different aspects of Human Security and the ongoing series of global challenges, identifying policy options in different regions.\n- Anna Brach, Head of Human Security, Geneva Centre for Security Policy\n- Guarany Osorio, Coordinator of the Environmental Politics and Economy Programme of the Centre for Sustainability Research of FGV Brazil\n- Khetsiwe Khumalo, Climate Change Coordinator, Ministry of Tourism and Environmental Affairs, Eswatini\n- Lea Perekrests, Deputy Director of Operations for Europe & MENA at the Institute for Economics and Peace in Brussels\n- Liam Campling, Professor of International Business and Development, School of Business and Management, Queen Mary University of London\n- Moderation: Fernando Barrio, Academic Lead for Resilience and Sustainability, Queen Mary Global Policy Institute","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1268695"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6087967753410339,"wiki_prob":0.39120322465896606,"text":"Devendra Shah\nDoes Language Affect Thought While Talking?\n623 by DS\nLanguage is a body of words and systems for their utility common to people who are from the same community or country, the same geographical location or the same cultural tradition. Language is the unique human gift, central to the experience of being human. It is the human capability to obtain and use complex systems of communication. It is estimated that there are between five thousand to seven thousand languages in existence on this planet. The speakers of different languages have different thought processes, which are directly influenced by the language they speak. A language places restrictions and permissions on the thought process in the minds of its speakers and directly affects their thinking when they talk in society.\nAs a curious language student interested in learning more about languages, I am eager to know how and why language affects human thought and society’s thinking. How does a language affect the thinking of its speakers anyway? How deep and lasting are these effects on human thinking? What are the types of the effects of language on its speakers? What is the language’s power over the mind? Are people speaking different languages thinking differently just because they speak different languages? Does learning a new language change the way we think? Who are actively involved in the research on the effects of language on human thinking? What are some evidence that prove a language affects the thought process of its speakers and the society? These questions and their answers helped me in my quest to learn more about how language affects the thought process of its speakers.\nWhen we learn in our mother tongue, we acquire certain habits of thinking that molds our experience in significant and often surprising ways. Languages are different from one another in many ways. Each language requires different things from its speakers. For instance, when we have to say that we saw someone at a place: In Mian, a language spoken in the Papua New Guinea, the verb we use will reveal whether the event happened in the past, yesterday or just now, whereas in Indonesian language the verb used would describe nothing about the time or date of the event that happened. The Russian language would require us to reveal the gender of that someone who we met at the place. In Mandarin, a language spoken by Chinese people, we would have to reveal if that person is related or not, and if related, by blood or marriage because there are separate words that describe all these separate relations.\nA language often puts restrictions on the thought process in the minds of the speakers of that language. For example, a speaker of Piraha language, a language spoken in the Amazon, cannot say the words “fifty-five” or “forty-six”. For him, there are no such words which describe these quantities. There are just words for “few” or “many”.\nA language has diverse effects on the minds and actions of its speakers. There are circumstances when extreme feelings can arise in the minds of speakers just because of alanguage. For example, In Dennis Baron’s reading he raises a common question that arises in theminds of many Spanish speaking workers working in an English speaking work environment – “Can I be fired for speaking Spanish on the job?” (Baron1) The Spanish language has brought a fear in the minds of Spanish speaking workers. They are afraid of speaking their native language and think that they may lose their jobs, their way of livelihood and source of earning. Whether the worker gets fired or not depends. Federal law favors workers speaking in the languages of their choice when on breaks and when talking privately. Courts allow employers to designate the language of their choice they want their employees to be speaking in when dealing with the public. Thirty states in the United States of America have declared English as their official language. So, whether or not a worker speaking the Spanish language in an English work environment gets fired really depends. But, the fear of losing their jobs directly affects their thought process in deciding which language to converse in at the workplace.\nAs we can see that a language clearly affects thinking processes of different talking people in many contexts, it is fair to say that language affects thought while talking. Most questions about how languages mold thought start with a simple observation that languages aredifferent in many aspects. Let’s take an example. If we have to say “Bill read Brown’s famous novel”. Let’s focus here just on the verb “read”. To say this in English Language, we need to mark the verb read for its tense. We have to pronounce it like ‘red’ instead of ‘reed’. In theIndonesian language, we don’t need to. In fact, we cannot change the verb to indicate past tense. In Russian Language, we would have to change the verb to mark gender and tense. It means ifMelinda was reading Brown’s novel instead of Bill, the gender would use in Russian Language would be totally different. In Turkish language, we would have to indicate how we had obtained the information that Bill read Brown’s novel: whether we had got it from a second hand source or seen Bill reading Brown’s novel with our own eyes or simply heard about it or read about it. The verbs used to describe all these cases would be distinct in Turkish Language. It is clear that different languages require different things from their speakers. So does this imply that different speakers think differently about the world? Do English, Russian, Indonesian, and Turkish people end up experiencing and recalling their experiences differently simply because they speak different languages?\nAccording to Lera Boroditsky, “For some scholars, the answer to this question is a straight yes. Look at the way these people talk, they might say.” (Boroditsky1) She says, “Certainly, speakers of different languages must attend to and encode strikingly different aspects of the world just so that they can use their languages properly.” (Boroditsky1)\nBecause people think about different aspects of an event to fulfill the syntax of the languages they are speaking, they must think differently. It is clear that the thought process is directly affected by the language of the speaker. Thus, a Language affects thought of its speakers.\nIt has been demonstrated in a series of tests that we even see colors through the lens of our mother tongue. There are distinct variations in different languages where languages carve upthe visible light’s spectrum. For instance, in the English language, the colors green and blue are totally separate and distinct colors. In some languages these two colors which we are said to be different are said to be the shades of the same color. Isn’t that weird?\nAccording to Guy Deutscher,\n“It turns out that the colors that our language routinelyobliges us to treat as distinct can refine our purely visual sensitivity to color differences in reality, so that our brains are trained to exaggerate the distance between the shades of color if these have different names in our language.” (Deutscher1)\nIn some languages, there are no left and right, there are just directions like east, west, south and north. So, if we ask a person speaking such language where his/her left leg is, he/she would say that it is on the southwest corner of his/her body. Confusing as it sounds, a language can create many confusions in the mind of a person who is not acquainted with that particular language. Obviously, it would take some time to learn that language, but the person would have to go through the whole process of learning that language to get what people are saying or talking about.\nThere might be people who do not support the statement that ‘A Language affectsthought while talking.’ It should be made clear to anyone who opposes that language affects thought that a language indeed affects the thought process of its speakers. Those people might say that language has no correlation with the thinking process of its speakers. They might say that we do not need language to think, we can think of anything. My response to this would be that people need language to think. We cannot just think of anything if we do not have words from our language to describe what we are thinking. And what are our thoughts anyway if we cannot describe them? They would simply be meaningless thoughts that we cannot materialize and we would not be able to make others think the same way we are thinking. It would be almost impossible to make other people think the same way we are thinking and make them believe what we are thinking if we do not have common words to describe our thought process. They might raise the question, Are you unable to think things because you don’t have words for them,or do you lack words for them because you don’t think of them? My answer would be that, the language limits us in our thinking because we don’t have any word to describe the thought. Language has once again directly affected the way we think. So what can be done? Should we think of more words to describe our thoughts or can we just not think about them? The questions remain. I suggest such people to learn other languages and broaden their thinking. That way they might be able to borrow words from other languages into their own languages and be able to describe their thoughts. That would solve the problem. They can now think and talk about it because they have words to describe their thought, and nobody can now say that we lack words to describe their thoughts.\nThus, we know that language affects the thought process of human beings, a society and people from a geographical location or the whole country while they speak or talk. Language penetrates social life. Components of social life constitute an intrinsic part of the way language is used. Language is a part of the mental architecture used to represent cultural experiences that are remnants of earlier cognitive evolution.\nAccording to Boas,\n“Structural features of a language that constrain what speakers can say will reflect cultural ideas otherwiseinaccessible to researchers.”(Todd, Fiske and Lindzey1)\nSpeakers of different languages may represent physically similar states of affairs quite differently. They have different thought processes that are directly influenced by the language they speak. A language places many restrictions and permissions on the thought process in the minds of its speakers and directly controls the thinking of talking people in society. A language often puts many restrictions on the thought process in the minds of the speakers of that language. Thus, it is clear that a language affects the thought process of its speakers when they talk. So, is it fair to refute the statement that Language affects thought?\nGilbert, Daniel Todd., Susan T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey. “Language and Social Behavior.”The Handbook of Social Psychology. Vol. 2. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 1998. 41-88. The Handbook of Social Psychology. McGraw-Hill. Web. 26 Feb. 2015.\nBoroditsky, Lera. “HOW DOES OUR LANGUAGE SHAPE THE WAY WE THINK?” HOW DOES OUR LANGUAGE SHAPE THE WAY WE THINK? Edge, 11 June 2009. Web. 25 Feb. 2015.\nBaron, Dennis. “Language and Society.” PBS. PBS, 2015. Web. 26 Feb. 2015.\nDeutscher, Guy. “Does Your Language Shape How You Think?” The New York Times. The New York Times, 28 Aug. 2010. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line277253"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8953204154968262,"wiki_prob":0.8953204154968262,"text":"30 Perplexing Rock + Metal Mashups With Other Genres\nPhilip Trapp Published: July 26, 2021\nMick Hutson / John Stanton / Apple\nMashups, at this point, represent a substantial slice of the new music that emerges each week. Wild to think about, right?\nStill, listeners may not consider the creations in the same sphere as new original compositions, even if they are in seemingly equal abundance.\nDo you ever listen to mashups, the audio endeavors that, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, are recordings made by \"digitally combining and synchronizing instrumental tracks with vocal tracks from two or more different songs\"? If so, what kind of mashups do you prefer?\nBecause, especially when it comes to mashups based on rock and metal, there are many entertainingly baffling ones out there. And, often, the mashups that draw the most attention combine a rock band's song with some strikingly different selection, such as a sugary pop tune.\nIf you're an avid Loudwire reader, you've probably seen some of those mashups on this very site. Whether it's a fusion of Slipknot and Spice Girls, Tool and Justin Bieber, or — a more outré pairing — System of a Down and Beethoven, we're always on the lookout for bracing mashups.\nBut what mashups of rock and metal are the most bewildering, the most jarring? What are the ones that will make you stand up and pay attention if you heard one playing in the background?\nFor easy access, we wanted to put them all in one place. So, here you go, the 30 most perplexing — but ultimately enjoyable — rock and metal mashups that we can find. Scroll and enjoy.\n30 Perplexing Rock + Metal Mashups\nRock and metal can mingle with pop music (and pop culture) in fascinating ways, including the many puzzling but enthralling rock mashups that often mix artists who are heavy with songs that usually aren't.\n2021's Best Rock + Metal Albums (So Far)\nLoudwire's picks for the best rock + metal albums of 2021 so far\nSource: 30 Perplexing Rock + Metal Mashups With Other Genres\nFiled Under: Alanis Morissette, alice in chains, avril lavigne, Bill McClintock, danzig, disturbed, foo fighters, hall & oates, iron maiden, kanye west, katy perry, korn, Mastodon, megadeth, metallica, michael jackson, motorhead, my chemical romance, ozzy osbourne, pantera, Rick James, slayer, slipknot, system of a down, The Beach Boys, tool, van halen\nCategories: Rock","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line756051"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5316173434257507,"wiki_prob":0.46838265657424927,"text":"Editorial of January 2022\nOn January 13, 2022 January 13, 2022 By officialblogunioIn Editorials\nBy Alessandra Silveira (Editor)\nTalking openly about the federative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the EU integration\nJean Monnet stated that Europe will be forged in crises and will be the sum of the solutions adopted for those crises. Crisis is the natural condition of Europe, and, as in every crisis the EU has survived in recent times – be it the sovereign debt crisis, the migration crisis, or the identity crisis with Brexit – at the beginning of the health crisis the imminent collapse of the EU was again proclaimed. And oddly enough, or not, those who were most critical of the EU’s initial silence were the same ones who traditionally postulate the least possible integration[1].\nHowever, the existential risk at this time was also sensed by politicians and academics unsuspicious of any Euroskepticism – such as Mario Monti, Jacques Delors or Giscard d’Estaing[2] – which made that historical moment especially unique. The public opinion in the various Member States called for concerted EU action in the area of public health, in accordance with its competencies under the TFEU [both shared competencies (Article 4/2/k) and the so-called complementary competencies (Article 6/a), both set out in Article 168 under the heading “public health”], in order to fight a virus that knew no borders, endangered the health and lives of citizens, and threatened to cause an economic crisis of unimaginable proportions, foreseeably more serious than the recession crisis of the 1930s.\nThere was, indeed, a generalized perception that COVID-19 forced the EU to choose between the intrepidity that saves lives or the cravenness that leaves them to their fate. Bearing in mind the transboundary dimensions of the pandemic, specific EU measures were required in order to prevent unilateral action by individual Member States from compromising the interests of others or common interests if such actions were inconsistent with each other or based on divergent risk developments[3].\nIt goes without saying that the national authorities would have to be in the front line of fighting the disease, as they were in a position to assess the local evolution of the problem. Even in a unitary State like Portugal, the territory is not equally affected by the pandemic, and it was necessary to isolate the most affected populations. However, the implementation of joint purchasing measures for health response medical supplies, as well as the coordinated exchange of information and resources, for example, should be adequately carried out at the European level (as it was already evident from Decision 1082/2013/EU of October 22, 2013, on serious cross-border threats to health)[4].\nThe starting point of the pandemic was of evident turmoil, mainly due to disconnected solution and specific impulses from Member States, and the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, saw fit to take responsibility for them[5]. While apologizing to Italy for the initial lack of solidarity, the European Institutions have broken their inertia by loosening rules on i) budgetary discipline (Stability and Growth Pact) and ii) the functioning of the internal market (ban on state aid) – measures whose unprecedented nature shows the exceptionality of the circumstances – as well as monitoring the restriction of free movement in emergency situations under Regulation (EU) 2016/399 (Schengen Borders Code).\nDespite the fact that this easing of the rules immediately benefits the most fragile Member States economically speaking, it would also favor mid-term the most robust Member States, because the latter were in the position to introduce competitive advantages for their companies, compromising the integrity of the functioning of the internal market and thereby creating distortions of competition. Faced with such a paradox, it was important to avoid the asymmetric risk of a crisis that was originally symmetric, especially since the pandemic exposed the underlying tendency towards the renationalization of European politics, something that we have been witnessing since the consolidation of the single currency began to reveal economic imbalances between Member States, reaching a distressing peak during the sovereign debt crisis[6]. Thus, it was important to ensure that the pandemic and the remedies to fight it would not result in deepening the divergences within the eurozone.\nIn this context, the so-called “eurobonds” (then renamed “coronabonds”) became the target of an ideological dispute – inflated by internal tensions and national agendas marked by electoral timings – to the detriment of what they effectively were: financial instruments of a federative nature. There were unfortunate moralistic disputes between alleged doers and do-nothings, and disagreements between Northern and Southern Europe over how to deal with the constant pressure from nationalist parties. Southern Member States, led by then Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, argued that in the absence of a common response based on co-responsibility, the economic emergency could quickly turn into a political emergency. Moreover, it would not be too hard to imagine the difficulties for the recovery of the economies in the North if their counterparts in the South collapsed, because the basic lesson of supply and demand in a free trade system (and even more so in an internal market) has always been that of protecting potential customers. To whom did they intend to sell their products if the consumers were all in misery?\nOne episode deserves to be highlighted, involving the Dutch Finance Minister, Wopke Hoekstra, and the Portuguese Prime Minister, António Costa, regarding the accusations then made against Spain and Italy that they had not been spared during the bonanza period in order to face possible crises – which gave rise to the “repugnant speech” controversy[7].The Dutch minister had even suggested an investigation on Spain when Madrid said it had no budgetary leverage to respond to the crisis caused by the new coronavirus without financial support from the Union. Spain was then, on March 27, 2020, the second most affected country by the pandemic in Europe, with more than four thousand deaths and on the way to sixty thousand infected – a situation that, tragically, would still get worse.\nEventually, a New Deal for Europe was drawn up,[8] through the adoption of a recovery fund aimed at regaining the trust of Europeans. Thus, at the fourth Extraordinary European Council, on April 23rd, there was unanimity on how to finance that fund, through debt issued by the European Commission, guaranteed by the European budget through new own resources. The issuance of debt securities by European Institutions was not exactly an unprecedented solution, but “on this scale, and in this way, the issuance of direct European debt at the ‘federal’ level, so to speak, had never been designed”[9].\nInstead of debt mutualized by the Member States (i.e., shares jointly guaranteed by the States, the “eurobonds”), the option was for debt issued by the European Commission (i.e., debt securities of the Union, not just of the eurozone). And as with USA Treasury bonds, it would be the Union as a whole that would guarantee the debt, through its own resources coming perhaps from the taxation of financial transactions, income from the digital economy, carbon emissions, non-recycled plastic, etc.[10]. Either way, even without “coronabonds”, there would be mutualization of the debt to be contracted; if the “coronabonds” would be “confederal debt”, the Commission’s debt securities would be “federal debt”[11].\nThe solution was not conveyed in this way, because in the history of the European integration there are politically toxic expressions. The “name of the thing” could kill the idea, because the name refers to ghosts, nuisances, and desires that are unconsciously associated with it [12]. So, the European decision-making reflects the search for consensus between accommodating the interests of individual Member States and pursuing the common interest – the famous strategy of the “Founding Fathers'” small steps – until an idea whose time has come cannot be withheld.\nWhat is for certain is that the European Institutions have gradually agreed to provide more than 3 trillion euros in various forms, be it via the European Central Bank (750 billion + 600 billion), the European Investment Bank (200 billion), the European Commission (100 billion), the Stability Mechanism (240 billion – and without the conditionalities of Troika days), in addition to the upward revision of the European budget proposal to values unthinkable until then (a 1.8 trillion package). In a joint statement on May 18, 2020, the Franco-German axis proposed the initial amount of 500 billion euros in grants (outright transfers) for the Recovery and Resilience Facility of the economies most affected by the pandemic. Moreover, on May 27, 2020, the European Commission put forward the proposal of 750 billion, 500 billion of which in grants, and named it the “NextGenerationEU”.\nThe magnitude of the 750-billion-euro fund would be similar to the economic package that President Barack Obama approved in 2008 to address the financial crisis. As Moritz Schularick, Professor of Economics at the University of Bonn explained to the Spanish newspaper “El País” on May 30, 2020, few things have more political force than a narrative of shared solidarity in the face of adversity, because it is with such matters that nations – or, in this case, a political Union – are built. The term “resurgence”, “rebirth”, “re-foundation” of the EU has become part of the lexicon of European Institutions, the academic community, and the leading media – in a discourse that is markedly apologetic for the founding values of European integration, including solidarity (Article 2 TEU).\nIn a long and disputed five-day European Council that started on July 17, 2020, different visions on European construction were confronted – especially those led by the “Frugal Four” (led by the Netherlands with Mark Rutte) and the “Visegrád Group” (led by Hungary with Viktor Orbán). The tactic of the “Frugal Four” (net contributors to the European budget and main beneficiaries of the internal market: Netherlands, Austria, Denmark, Sweden) was to confront the convergence between the French-German axis and Southern Europe by dividing the remaining Member States based on two arguments: i) reclaim moral hazard (by subjecting the Southern Member States to constant peer review on the application of the funds, including the possibility of vetoes on resource transfers); ii) uphold the rule of law regarding the “Visegrád Group” (by providing for a regime of conditionalities on access to the fund, including corrective measures in case of infringement adopted by qualified majority).\nWhen articulating these arguments, the “Frugal Four” were firstly opposed to the issuance of mutualized debts within the EU and then to the allocation of subsidies without conditionalities. They would eventually give in under two conditions: i) the rebates allocated to the net contributors to the European budget would be increased, and ii) the payment of the joint debt assumed by the European Commission would be made from the Union’s budget[13].\nAt the close of what was recognized as a “historic agreement”, the European Council would reduce the amounts of the recovery fund for grants to 390 billion euros – allegedly because it was not possible to increase the national envelopes and European programme allocations at the same time. However, it did so without reducing the overall amount originally envisaged or affecting direct transfers to Member States – but rather focusing on programs managed centrally by Brussels. Thus, the “NewGenerationEU” corresponds to 750 billion euros, of which 390 billion are grants and 360 billion are loans to the Member States. Hence, the main goals have been achieved – especially supporting the Member States most affected by COVID-19 – with Italy and Spain as the main recipients of support[14].\nIn any case, the key question has always been how to strengthen the EU’s financial capacity to respond to the health crisis by redistributing wealth – i. e., by transferring resources among the Member States. And here there was no point in wasting energy: one had to follow the historical lesson of federative systems, namely i) joint debt posting and ii) tax posting by the federal government.\nIn fact, Alexander Hamilton – one of the “Founding Fathers” of the USA and the first Secretary of the Treasury – said that a non-excessive debt would be a powerful anchor for that Union. In 1790, in the turbulent period following the Declaration of Independence, Hamilton struck a historic compromise whereby the federal government would assume the debt incurred by the federated states to wage war against the British Empire and repay the debt with a public loan financed by a new federal tax from customs revenue. The foundations were thus laid for a fiscal union that would imply democratic accountability, since citizens “do not pay taxes to a government they do not vote for”[15].\nIn this sense, it would be inevitable that the emission of European debt at an unprecedented scale to face the sanitary crisis would lead to the introduction of new European own revenues – because until then the European budget was mainly borne by the Member States. New own resources are indispensable to avoid budget cuts in the future. This is because until 2027 only interest will be paid on the common debt incurred. But after 2027, interest and amortization will be paid until 2058, which corresponds to an average of 15 billion euros per year. If the current budget figures are maintained without the Union’s own resources, this will represent a cut of 10 percent per year – those 15 billion euros from 2028.\nIt is clear that the introduction of European debt and European own resources has an impact on the evolution of the European political community (“EU polity”).[16] The pandemic revealed the extent to which Helmut Kohl’s claims were justified when he asserted that the very notion that you can maintain (in the long run) a monetary Union in the absence of a political Union would be absurd.[17]\nThus, instead of less or no Europe, the pandemic has driven the integration process towards much more Europe. In other words, the pandemic has imposed the need for more European politics and the densification of the “EU polity”, since the destination of the resources mobilized by the health crisis will now be decided in Brussels, starting with the Multiannual Financial Framework for 2021-2027. Many did not initially understand the political implications of the new fund for the economic recovery of the Union, based on the relaunch of productive activity and the strengthening of the internal market. However, in that apparently technical solution lay the deepening of the federative components of the EU’s legal-political system.\nAlthough the European “Founding Fathers” were inspired by an ambitious project of a “United States of Europe”, European integration was achieved by the pragmatic ways of increasing the internal market – or, in broader terms, through an economic and monetary Union. In any case, the federative principles were always present, offering support to European integration. It should be made clear that this is not a matter of building a federal State, but of institutions and procedures that make possible, based on the trilogy “rule of law/democracy/fundamental rights”, both a common foreign and security policy and the staggered harmonization of domestic policies. And the consequence of this sharing of powers and competencies for the pursuit of common goals is the tendency to equalize living conditions in the different Member States – in legal, political, economic, and social terms.\nAs Jürgen Habermas once asserted, a federally constructed nation State – such as the Federal Republic of Germany, for example – cannot serve as a model for an EU of 27 nation States, all very much aware of their own language and history.[18] In this sense, the EU is in a position to offer the world a much more sophisticated form of organization of political power than that of the federal State, insofar as the State model itself corresponds to a historical construction stemming from constitutional modernity – and susceptible to evolution. Phenomena of federalism should not be considered as static structures that necessarily coincide with the State. In this perspective, Francisco Lucas Pires spoke about “federalising without federal State”,[19] perceiving federalism as a process of federalising a political community.[20].\n[1] See Paulo Sande, Em defesa da Europa: os custos da não-Europa, Público, 6 May 2020.\n[2] See Valéry Giscard d’Estaing et. al., Para uma Europa do amanhã, Público, 23 April 2020.\n[3] On this subject see Teresa Freixes, The European Union and COVID-19, The official blog – Thinking & Debating Europe (UNIO – EU law jornal), 20 March 2020 (https://officialblogofunio.com/2020/03/20/the-european-union-and-covid-19/).\n[4] See the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on serious cross-border threats to health repealing Decision No. 1082/2013/EU [COM(2020) 727 final], Brussels, 11 November 2020 (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52020PC0727) and the amendments adopted by the European Parliament on 14 September 2021 on that proposal (https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2021-0377_EN.html).\n[5] Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, in a letter published in the Italian newspaper “La Repubblica” and in the plenary session of the European Parliament in Brussels on April 16, 2020, apologized to Italians: “Yes, it is true that no one was really ready for this. It is also true that too many were not there on time when Italy a needed a helping hand at the very beginning. And yes, for that, it is right that Europe as a whole offers a heartfelt apology. But saying sorry only counts for something if it changes behaviour. The truth is that it did not take long before everyone realised that we must protect each other to protect ourselves.” See “Speech by President von der Leyen at the European Parliament Plenary on the EU coordinated action to combat the coronavirus pandemic and its consequences”, European Parliament, accessed January 12, 2022, https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/speech_20_675.\n[6] See Bernardo Pires de Lima, O regresso dos adultos à sala, Diário de Notícias, 25 April 2020.\n[7] The reaction of the Portuguese Prime Minister reproduced by media, António Costa, echoed throughout the EU: “This speech is repugnant in the framework of a European Union. And that’s exactly the word: repugnant. No one is willing to listen to Dutch finance ministers again like the ones we already heard in 2008, 2009 and 2010. And this is a good time for everyone to understand that it was not Spain that created the virus, nor was it Spain that imported the virus – it hit us all equally. If any country in the European Union thinks it can solve the virus problem by letting the virus loose in other countries, it is very mistaken. The virus knows no borders. We all know that the first Portuguese who were infected were infected during trips abroad – and we can’t blame the countries where they were infected, and much less blame the people for having been infected (…). If we don’t respect each other or understand that in the face of a common challenge we must be able to respond in unison, then no one has understood anything about what the European Union stands for” (free translation).\n[8] See Nuno Severiano Teixeira, Um New Deal para a Europa, Público, 6 May 2020.\n[9] See Rui Tavares, O nascimento discreto dos unibonds, Público, 23 April 2020.\n[10] See Rui Tavares, Conclusão de conclusões, Público, 22 July 2020.\n[11] See Rui Tavares, Então e esse fim da União Europeia?, Público, 29 May 2020.\n[12] See Pedro Madeira Froufe, O nome das coisas, Correio do Minho, 16 May 2020.\n[13] On this subject see Teresa de Sousa, Quatro retratos (incompletos) do Conselho Europeu, Público, 22 July 2020.\n[14]See “The EU’s 2021-2027 long-term Budget and NextGenerationEU – Facts and figures”, European Commission, April 2021, https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d3e77637-a963-11eb-9585-01aa75ed71a1/language-en. On this subject see also José Manuel Fernandes, Editorial of March 2021, The official blog – Thinking & Debating Europe (UNIO – EU law jornal), 01 March 2021 (https://officialblogofunio.com/2021/03/01/editorial-of-march-2021/).\n[15] On this subject see Nuno Severiano Teixeira, O momento quase hamiltoniano da Europa, Público, 15 July 2020. On the genesis of contemporary federalism and the period that saw its birth as an institutional reality – the USA between 1770-1790 – see Viriato Soromenho-Marques, A revolução federal. Filosofia política e debate constitucional na fundação dos EUA, Edições Colibri, Lisboa, 2002.\n[16] With regard to the introduction of own resources, former MEP Rui Tavares predicted the following: “And the day will come when multinationals that evade taxes and benefit so much from the EU’s internal market will also start paying European federal taxes. All this will help the Union’s debt to get a “triple A” [AAA] rating and make the euro a much more competitive reserve currency against the dollar.” See Rui Tavares, Conclusão de conclusões, cit.\n[17] On this subject see Viriato Soromenho-Marques, Tópicos de filosofia e ciência política. Federalismo: das raízes americanas aos dilemas europeus, Esfera do Caos, Lisboa, 2011.\n[18] See Jürgen Habermas, Ay, Europa!, Editorial Trotta, Madrid, 2009, p. 85.\n[19] See Francisco Lucas Pires, A revolução europeia por Francisco Lucas Pires – antologia de textos, Publicação do Gabinete em Portugal do Parlamento Europeu, May 2008, p. 57.\n[20] The idea of federalism considered as a process (the federalising process theory) was developed by Carl Friedrich, Trends of federalism in theory and practice, Praeger, London, 1968. On this subject see José Luís da Cruz Vilaça/Alessandra Silveira, The European federalisation process and the dynamics of fundamental rights, Dimitry Kochenov (ed.), EU citizenship and federalism – the role of rights, Cambridge University Press, 2017. See also Alessandra Silveira, Waiting for a federal big bang in EU? Updating the theory of federalism in times of liquid modernity, The official blog – Thinking & Debating Europe (UNIO – EU law jornal), 2 June 2017 (https://officialblogofunio.com/2017/06/01/editorial-of-june-2017/).\nPictures credits: padrinan.\nCOVID-19covid19European integrationMFFNextGenerationEUpandemics\nSummaries of judgments: Consorzio Italian Management e Catania Multiservizi and Catania Multiservizi| IS (Illégalité de l’ordonnance de renvoi)\nCase C-817/21, Inspecția Judiciară. Compatibility of the organization of an authority competent to carry out the disciplinary investigation of judges, which is under the total control of a single person, with the rules of the rule of law","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line983293"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6447113156318665,"wiki_prob":0.35528868436813354,"text":"Sermons on the Resurrection – Second Sermon\nSERMONS ON THE RESURRECTION\nSECOND SERMON\nby B.H. Carroll\n“To whom also he showed himself alive after his death by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God.” – Acts 1:3.\nYou will recall in the preceding sermon that I thought it important to show from the word of God that our Lord Jesus Christ when he was alive, at six different times — three times with his enemies and three times with his friends — especially fixed the test of his Messiahship, and that that test was that he would rise from the dead.\nThree other things occurred in his lifetime bearing upon the same subject, all of them of tremendous signification. The first is the institution of the ordinance of baptism, which has no signification apart from the resurrection of the dead, it being a picture of a burial and an emergence from the grave. That this institution was appointed before he died, that it was appointed for perpetual obligation, showed the clearest apprehension in his mind of the nature of the test and the worth of this monumental evidence.\nThe second is the institution of the Lord’s Supper, whose only hope is in the resurrection of the dead. In the very act of commemorating his death he assures them that he will drink this wine anew with them in his Father’s kingdom, and that while this ordinance is to be a perpetual obligation and points significantly backward, it also points still more significantly to the future, in that it was to be observed until he came again. For 1,900 years these two monuments have stood in the eyes of the world. The third thing was that when they were saddened over the clear announcement of his departure from them by death, he gave them an assurance based upon his resurrection that he would not leave them always; that when he rose from the dead and reached his Father’s house, he would send the Holy Spirit, whose coming would confer upon them power to do all he had commanded them to do.\nThus the institution of baptism and the supper as perpetual ordinances and the promise of the Holy Spirit all conditioned on his resurrection, take their place with the test six times preannounced. That a mere man, and particularly that an impostor, would make such conditions of faith in himself is inconceivable.\nOur former sermon closed at the grave of Jesus, and at the empty grave of Jesus. We stopped at the disappearance of the dead body that had been put in the grave, and with the question pending, What became of that body? I have never heard of but two theories concerning the disposition of the dead body of our Lord Jesus Christ. Both of the theories are possible . Both of them make allegations legitimately belonging to the domain of testimony; that is, they are matters upon which testimony may be received and susceptible of sufficient proof.\nThe first theory is set forth in the following language: “Some of the guard came into the city and told unto the chief priests all of the things that were come to pass”; that is, they told the chief priests that an earthquake came, and that there was dazzling appearance of an angel from heaven, and that they fell down like dead men, and that when they arose from that prostration by the power of the heavenly messenger the grave was empty. Those were the facts they recited to the chief priests. Then the record adds: “And when the chief priests were assembled with the elders and had taken counsel, they gave large money unto the guards, saying, Tell ye that his disciples came by night and stole him away while ye slept, and if this come to the governor’s ears we will persuade him and rid you of all care. So they took the money and did as they were taught, and this saying was spread abroad among the Jews and continueth until this day.” This first theory, therefore, was that the body of our Lord Jesus Christ was stolen by night by his disciples and stolen for the purpose of making a claim that he was raised.\nThis was a possible solution of the question, and it was an allegation that could be sustained by adequate testimony. We know that there have been such things as robbers of graves. We know of many historical instances where dead bodies have been taken from the grave for some purpose; medical students, for example, who carry them to the dissecting table, or robbers, whose object is to obtain a large ransom from the afflicted relatives. So then, if the evidence is sufficient there is nothing in the theory itself to make it objectionable. The witnesses are sufficient in number. That guard constituted enough witnesses to prove any fact, so far as numbers go. The only thing is that what they testify must be subjected to the rules of evidence such as are commonly recognized among men. Let us look, then, at their statement.\nThey first gave a different account. In the second place, they accepted a bribe of a large sum of money to put this theory in circulation. In the third place, what they finally allege was absolutely impossible, so far as their knowledge could go, to wit, that the disciples stole that body while they were asleep. If they were asleep they could not testify as to any disposition of the body. They could not prove that anyone removed that body. Moreover, on the face of it, their last story is exceedingly improbable, namely, that when a special guard had been detailed for the express purpose of preventing the very thing which they now allege did take place, and when the very time had been given to them when they must be most particular in their vigils, it is unreasonable to suppose that a guard so appointed would have relaxed their vigilance.\nIt becomes more improbable from the death penalty assigned to a Roman sentinel who went to sleep upon the post of duty. It is still more improbable from the fact that no adequate motive can be suggested or conceived of why the disciples should want this dead body. It would be of no use to them. So that as far as this theory goes, and it is one of the only two that have ever been advanced, we may at once reject it.\nNow, what is the other theory? The other theory is that Jesus himself rose from the dead: the particular point upon which human testimony is to be brought is not to show the processes by which he overcame death and brought back life to himself. No witness is introduced who alleges that he actually saw him rise from the dead. The only thing upon which they are to bear testimony is that they did see him alive after he was dead. Here we are met by a pertinent and important inquiry: Is the thing concerning which evidence is to be introduced a legitimate matter for evidence? I take it for granted that there are no other things upon which human testimony is accepted more readily than upon these two points: First, that a man is dead, and second that a man is alive. We accept evidence upon both of those points and act upon that evidence on innumerable occasions. It is oftentimes necessary to prove death. It is oftentimes necessary to prove life. In either case, it is easy to be understood what amount of testimony is sufficient to prove that death has taken place, or to prove that a man is alive.\nThe evidence of his death is abundant, official, and has never been denied. Therefore let us look at the evidence that Jesus showed himself alive after his death to his apostles and others. There are extant four independent histories of Jesus of Nazareth, written by contemporaries, and written while multitudes who also knew him personally were yet alive. There are extant also twenty-three other books, written by contemporaries, and written while thousands were yet alive who personally knew Jesus Christ. I refer to the twenty-seven books of the New Testament. The most notable event in all of these records is that Jesus of Nazareth rose from the dead. To this fact, according to these records, hundreds and thousands of eyewitnesses bear testimony, and who counted it the chief business of their subsequent life to repeat that evidence.\nIn other words, henceforth their life mission was to be witnesses of the resurrection. Fifteen distinct appearances of our Lord Jesus Christ, at least, are given in the New Testament, perhaps more, including the several appearances to Paul, to Stephen and to John on the Island of Patmos. But there are ten distinct appearances mentioned in these four histories.\nThese appearances, many of them, are connected with the most minute details of identification of the body. Sometimes he appeared to just one, as to Mary Magdalene, to Peter, to James. Sometimes he appeared to two, then again to three, then again to seven, then to ten, then to eleven and finally to five hundred at one time. These appearances covered a period of forty days. Some of them were in the morning, some of them at brightest midday, some of them at night ; some in the house, some out in the road, some in the suburbs and some in the city of Jerusalem ; some by the sea and some on the mountains of Galilee. Speaking collectively of these witnesses, they saw him often . They ate with him just as they had done before his death. They heard him often in both brief and long-sustained conversation. They witnessed closely every familiar mannerism of speech and tone and gesture. They handled him critically, touching the prints of the well-known wounds received at his crucifixion, and feeling of his flesh and of his bones, to assure themselves that a material substance was before them.\nAnd this, too, by those who knew him most intimately in his lifetime, those who could least easily be mistaken as to the identity of his person, including his own skepticism as to his resurrection, well nigh incorrigible, and their tremendous interests at stake, required upon their part the most patient and exhaustive examination, and demanded abundant and infallible proof, not only to the bodily senses of sight, of hearing and touch, and to the keener mental tests of memory, intuition and reason, but to that more subtle and more satisfactory proof, spiritual recognition. They must not only know positively, unmistakably and absolutely that this was the very body which had died and was buried and was now alive, but also that it was reanimated by the same spirit which warmed it before death, so that in every respect, and beyond all possibility of doubt, this was the same person, the same Jesus who had been their teacher, and also that he possessed and made over to them power to do things that would make that resurrection a declaration that he was the Son of God with power.\nIn all the cases of the establishment of identity known to history there has never been one where the proof has been so abundant, so critical and so comprehensive, covering all departments of investigation, nor where the testimony was so unequivocal and so consistent. If these witnesses could not establish the proof that Jesus was alive, then no evidence could possibly prove any man to be alive.\nSo that you have before you the two theories and the evidence upon which those two theories rest; the first that the disciples stole the dead body, and next, that Jesus showed himself alive to his people after his death, not only by proofs, but many proofs, not only by many proofs, but by many infallible proofs.\nI submit the following fundamental rules which govern matters of evidence: First, “In trials of fact by oral testimony the proper inquiry is, not whether it is possible that the testimony may be false, but whether there is sufficient probability that it is true.” Second, “A proposition of fact is proved when its truth is established by competent and satisfactory evidence.” Third, “In the absence of circumstances which generate suspicion, every witness is to be presumed credible until the contrary is shown, the burden of impeaching his credibility lying on the objector.” Fourth, “The credit due to the testimony of witnesses depends upon, firstly, their honesty; secondly, their ability ; thirdly, their number and the consistency of their testimony; fourthly, the conformity of their testimony with experience; and fifthly, the coincidence of their testimony with collateral circumstances.”\nNow if we apply these four rules of evidence to what is said concerning the stealing of his body, that statement goes to the wall. If we apply them to the evidence that Jesus showed himself alive after death to his people, no sane man can question that the requirements of every one of them is met in every particular. The honesty of these witnesses cannot be impeached . Their ability of competency depends upon their being acquainted previously with the person of Jesus Christ, their having good sense enough to recognize one whom they had previously known, and their opportunities for seeing the one who is identified by their testimony.\nThere can be no question of the competency of these witnesses. There is nothing in their testimony that bears on its face suspicion. What, let me ask you, can create a suspicion against this evidence? It is consistent. What one says is consistent with what another says . Now let us look at these people who gave this evidence, and see if in all the collateral circumstances what they say is affirmed. For these men to state that Jesus was alive meant that they must take upon themselves the lifetime obligation of the publication of the fact of his resurrection; that to do this they must go counter to the world, its pleasures, its habits, its business; that they must entail upon themselves the most grievous burdens in life and the greatest hazards of death. They joyfully assume all these responsibilities. When they speak of Jesus as risen they impress every man that hears it with their sincerity. They testify it before kings, and the kings tremble as they listen. They testify it when chained to the martyr’s stake, and while the flames are burning their bodies, and with shouts and hosannas of triumph they declare in their own dying agonies that Jesus is risen. No amount of intimidation was ever able to shake their testimony. It was tried by imprisonment, tried by stripes, tried by poverty, tried by fire, tried by casting them to the ravenous, wild beasts in the Roman Amphitheater, and in every way possible to human effort; many experiments of the most excruciating kind were resorted to to shake the testimony of these men and these women.\nI submit that if any man with an unbiased mind will read the Acts of the Apostles and see how that narrative glows, he will feel the power of these men giving this evidence. But we come now to another question in connection with it. Our Lord had told them in the last interview had with them there should come a confirmation that neither earth, heaven nor hell could doubt. He said, “I go to my Father, and if I go I will send upon you the Holy Spirit.” The history recites that ten days from that time a most remarkable transaction occurred openly in the city of Jerusalem. There were certain things visible in connection with it. Tongues as of fire seemed to rest upon their heads. There was the further remarkable phenomenon that these fishers of Galilee were able, under his power be stowed upon them, to speak in the languages of all of the nations of the earth, as if they had been born and reared in those tongues. It was evident that a power characterized them utterly foreign to their previous experience, and when they were called upon to explain, what was their explanation? Let me read it to you.\n“Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:\n“Him being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:\n“Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death ; because it was not possible that he should be holden of it, and he hath shed forth this which ye see and hear.”\nThey gave no other account of their power. They could heal the sick. They could raise the dead. They could perform other wonders impossible to men not spirit endued. They distinctly disclaimed that the power rested in themselves, and affirmed that it came to them from the risen and ascended and glorified Lord Jesus Christ.\nThe next question to be determined is, what significance did they attach to this doctrine of the resurrection? How important was it in their sight? How much in their judgment was involved in that issue? I read first from the seventeenth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles. Paul is standing on Mars Hill, and he says: “The times of this ignorance God overlooked, but now commandeth all men everywhere to repent, because he hath appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteous ness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance to all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.”\nIs there to be a judgment, and must all men stand before that divine bar and answer for the deeds which are done in the body? The only proof that there will be a judgment is the resurrection of the dead. Is there a heaven? There is but one proof of it, that Jesus when alive said to his people, “I go to prepare a place for you, and if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive you unto myself, that where I am, there ye may be also. In my Father’s house are many man sions.” Or let us read from the fifteenth chapter of the first letter to the Corinthians, where this doctrine of the resurrection of the dead is specifically discussed. I commence at the twelfth verse:\n“Now, if Christ be preached that he rose from the dead, how say some among you that there is no resurrection of the dead?\n“But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen:\n“And if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and is also your faith vain.\n“Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God; because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ; whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not.\n“For, if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised:\n“And if Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.\n“Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished.\n“If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable.”\nWhen ever before in issues made by men has there been such a readiness to stake everything upon one single fact; such an openness to concede that preaching is vain; faith is vain; forgiveness of sin is a falsehood; your fathers and mothers who died, perished; there is no judgment; there is no heaven; there is no hell; there is no hope; if there is no resurrection of the dead?\nIt is a matter of unspeakable sadness to me, particularly in the case of young people, to hear them speak lightly of the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead. And there are some who imagine that they can be skeptical upon this point and remain Christians. Is there anything left of Christianity with this surrendered? If its preaching be vain, if its faith be vain, if there be no such thing as the forgiveness of sin, if there be no such thing as the judgment, if there be no such place as hell, if all who have professed it are now utterly annihilated in their graves, what infinitesimal shred of Christianity is left?\nWhen you say that you are only skeptical concerning the resurrection of the dead, you mean or ought to mean, that you are skeptical about the whole matter, in its height and width and length and breadth, in its center, in its solidarity and in its circumstances. You do not believe any of it. There is nothing to profess if you deny this doctrine. So far the discussion has been restricted to the resurrection of the body of Jesus Christ and necessarily has shown the relation between his resurrection and the inspiration of the Scriptures.\nThe two subjects cannot be considered apart. They stand or fall together. In our next sermon will be considered the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead as it applies to us, and the reasons given so far as Scripture light shines upon the subject, why this particular test of all others in the world was made the proof of Christianity, and a reply submitted to objections to the doctrine based upon exegesis or upon science.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1813727"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6424165964126587,"wiki_prob":0.6424165964126587,"text":"Andrea Wendling is the director of rural medicine in the College of Human Medicine. She was recently named the recipient of the National Rural Health Association’s 2020 Outstanding Educator Award. This piece is repurposed content from a YouTube video from the College of Human Medicine. For more information about this award and Wendling, visit the College of Human Medicine.\nI’m Andrea Wendling, I'm director of rural medicine for Michigan State University's College of Human Medicine. I'm also a rural family doctor, and I’m excited to say that I was nominated for the National Rural Health Association's 2020 Rural Educator of the Year award.\nRural has always been part of who I am. I grew up in a small town on a Christmas tree farm in the thumb of Michigan — it's a centennial farm and my family still owns it today.\nI went to undergrad and medical school at the University of Michigan, and I was one of those rare students who showed up on the first day saying ‘I want to be a rural doctor.’\nAt U of M, there certainly weren't very many of us, but I’ve spent my career trying to tip that balance and get the students who are interested in being rural doctors into medical school and then really help them feel like they have a home there.\nNow, I practice in a small town in northern Michigan called Boyne City, where I've been able to work now for almost 20 years. I work with my husband, who is also a rural family doctor in a practice in our town that's associated with a critical access hospital, which is also one of Michigan State University's rural training sites.\nMSU started one of the pioneer rural training programs in the nation — the Rural Physician Program in the upper peninsula of Michigan. That program is now almost 50 years old.\nOver the last 10 years, we have worked to triple the number of students involved in our rural programs at our college, consistently admitting students to our classes now in the same proportion that they're found in our state, and then training those students on not one but three rural campuses that really are not single sites, but are actually campus systems that span many rural counties in the state with the thought that, for these regions, we’ll hopefully be able to replicate that same regional impact that we've seen in our upper peninsula.\nI am so fortunate to have this job that has allowed me to try to change the world in exactly the way that I want to change it.\nBy: Andrea Wendling\nCampus Health Life","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1573766"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6725386381149292,"wiki_prob":0.6725386381149292,"text":"Judge bars government from working on seismic permits during shutdown\nPublished Saturday, Jan. 19, 2019, 12:00 am\nA federal judge has barred the government from moving forward with seismic permitting during the shutdown, settling the confusion the government created by recalling workers to process oil-drilling matters while, at the same time, not funding federal lawyers to respond to opponents in court.\nJudge Richard Mark Gergel issued an order today effectively saying that the government could not have it both ways. His ruling concerned a Justice Department request for a pause — or stay — in a legal request by South Carolina Attorney General Alan Wilson to join a lawsuit filed by 16 South Carolina coastal cities and a group of conservation organizations.\nGovernment lawyers said they could not properly respond to Wilson’s request because of the shutdown. However, Wilson noted that the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management had issued a directive for workers to keep processing a variety of matters needed to move forward with oil drilling. That set up an unfair situation, Wilson argued, of allowing the government to move forward on a controversial project while also sidestepping legal challenges.\nJudge Gergel granted the government’s request for a stay, but told federal lawyers the seismic permitting could not move forward during the shutdown and for the time it takes the Court to rule on Wilson’s motion.\nPractically, that means the case over the seismic permits will be on hold for the duration of the shutdown plus as many as 18 additional days to hear Wilson’s motion to intervene.\n“The government was trying to have its cake and eat it too, and we’re pleased the Court did not allow that to happen,” said Laura Cantral, executive director of the South Carolina Coastal Conservation League, one of the groups suing to stop seismic blasting in the Atlantic. “This is an issue of critical importance to the coast, and one that must be handled openly, transparently, and fairly. This ruling will allow that to happen, and that is good for all concerned.”\nThe lawsuit was filed in Charleston Federal Court in December by several conservation organizations including SELC, CCL, Oceana, Defenders of Wildlife, Natural Resources Defense Council, North Carolina Coastal Federation, Center for Biological Diversity, Earthjustice, Sierra Club, Surfrider, and One Hundred Miles. Sixteen South Carolina coastal municipalities filed a separate suit, and the two have since been merged.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1618514"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5831536650657654,"wiki_prob":0.5831536650657654,"text":"Will COVID-19 Bring Industrial Policy Back in Vogue?\nPacific Money | Economy\nThe pandemic has forced an overdue discussion on what we have inaccurately considered to be “free” markets and “free” trade.\nBy Stephen Olson for The Diplomat\nCredit: Official White House photo by D. Myles Cullen\nSupply chain shocks and other economic dislocations precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have pushed ostensibly market-oriented countries to consider – and in some cases implement – dirigiste policies that would have seemed inconceivable prior to the pandemic.\nEven the United States has resorted to the “heavy hand” of government in directing private sector production of medical supplies. Utilizing a seemingly moribund Korean War-era defense production law, the Trump administration in March began ordering a number of leading companies — including General Motors, 3M, and General Electric — to produce ventilators and face masks.\nThe U.S. federal government has also intervened to block exports of medical supplies. Meanwhile, legislation is being considered in Congress that would require certain critical supplies to be purchased from U.S. sources only, and deliberations on similar policies continue in the White House.\nThe pandemic appears to be breaking down the longstanding taboo in the United States against what is loosely referred to as “industrial policy.” Typically, industrial policy refers to a highly proactive and interventionist effort by the government to guide the development of particular sectors of the economy (if not the entire economy). Common policy tools include direct and indirect subsidies, protection from foreign competition, preferential access to capital, implicitly or explicitly guaranteed purchases, and mandates from government on production, and import and export decisions. By definition, industrial policies are strongly nationalistic and are intended to fortify domestic production capabilities.\nFor decades, the term “industrial policy” has held extremely derogatory connotations in the United States. It conjured images of feckless Soviet-era bureaucrats dictating how many shoes would be produced and was contrasted unfavorably with the dynamism of the U.S. economy, where the market – not bureaucrats – called the shots. The eventual collapse of the Soviet economy seemed to permanently stamp “failure” onto any notion of industrial policy, at least in the minds of Washington policymakers. (This is more than a little ironic, given that the economic development of the United States was significantly driven by what could be considered industrial policies from the founding of the country until the middle of the 20th century.)\nThe conventional wisdom that has predominated U.S. policymaking since the 1980s is to allow economic efficiency and comparative advantage to drive production decisions, and to steadily reduce trade barriers so that products can (theoretically at least) flow across borders, irrespective of where they were produced. The less government intervention across these transactions, the better.\nThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare the downside risks associated with such an approach, as it has become evident that most of the world is overly dependent on China for medical supplies, devices, and pharmaceuticals. And despite lofty free trade rhetoric and reams of “free” trade agreements, when push comes to shove, dozens of countries have not hesitated to impose export restrictions on limited supplies of critical products, and even foodstuffs.\nThis stark reality has led to a recognition that production of some items – because of their health, safety, or strategic value – are too important to be left to the dictates of the market. And on top that, it has become clear that, in at least some cases, nationalistic government industrial policy rather than the “wisdom” of the market is what actually drives where critical production takes place.\nSome comparative advantages are determined by natural endowments. Vietnam is a major powerhouse in rice production; Sweden is not. That makes sense. But in today’s world, the comparative advantages that matter most are driven not by natural endowments, but rather by government industrial policies, preferences, and protectionism.\nFor example, what natural endowments does South Korea possess that confer a comparative advantage in consumer electronics? None. South Korea’s comparative advantage was forged by government industrial policies that provided high levels of import protection to the nascent electronics industry, while funneling funding and credit to favored companies, and providing domestic preferences that allowed emerging giants like Samsung to find their footing.\nOf course, once companies such as Samsung became world leaders, it was safe to lower trade barriers and crusade for free trade agreements to provide foreign market access for Samsung’s now competitive products. But that’s a very far cry from anything envisioned by David Ricardo and other classical free market, free trade economists. China closely studied the successes of its East Asian neighbors and then raised the game to a whole new level.\nJust as it has in so many industries, China has come to dominate production of protective medical gear, and pharmaceuticals or active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus, China produced roughly half of the world’s face masks. Since then, it has expanded production 12-fold. China accounts for 71 percent of U.S. imports of mouth and nose protective gear. It’s a similar story with medicine. Chinese pharmaceutical companies supply 97 percent of the antibiotics used in the United States. The U.S. continues to be a leader in innovating new drugs, but production now takes place overseas, principally in China and India. It would come as an unwelcome surprise to most Americans to learn that the United States no longer has the capability to domestically produce penicillin.\nChina’s predominant market position is largely a reflection of deliberate government industrial policies. In fact, medical devices and pharmaceuticals are specifically targeted in China’s vaunted Made in China 2025 policy, which serves as an industrial policy master plan to achieve leading global positions in strategic industry sectors. All the tools of industrial planning – including government support, restrictions on foreign access, and strong-armed transfer of foreign proprietary information — have been deployed to put China on the top of the medial supply heap.\nThe pandemic has forced an overdue discussion on whether too much faith has been placed in what we have inaccurately considered to be “free” markets and “free” trade, especially when it comes to strategic sectors or products related to public health. South Korea has just unveiled a “Korean-style new deal” which is built on state-led investment in AI and 5G; Japan has moved to restrict foreign investment in “core” industries of “national concern”; and the United States, mindful of Huawei’s government-enabled lead in 5G, is considering support for U.S.-based competitors. Countries like the United States, which have traditionally eschewed industrial policy, seem to be concluding that such an approach might no longer be tenable if the industrial policies of other countries (China in particular) leave them vulnerable, especially in times of crisis. When the dust settles on COVID-19, industrial policy could very well be back in vogue — even in the United States.\nStephen Olson is a Research Fellow at the Hinrich Foundation.\nChina industrial policy\nChina manufacturing\nCOVID-19 economy\nMade in China 2025\nU.S.-China Competition\nThe US, China, and the Perils of Post-COVID Decoupling\nBy Yan Liang\nResorting to economic nationalism is the wrong lesson to take from the pandemic.\nChinese Factories Face New Threat: US Anti-Virus Controls\nJust as China reopens for business, the U.S. is shutting down amid a massive surge in coronavirus cases.\nThe Asia-Pacific’s Free Trade Disagreements\nBy Joseph Cash\nIt’s not just the different agreements, per se – the distinctly different models of FTAs are complicating trade regimes in the region.\nShortages, Shipping, Shutdowns Hit Asian Factory Output\nBy Elaine Kurtenbach\nManufacturing contracted in both China and Japan as the pandemic and related ripple effects continue to take a toll.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line45818"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5159276127815247,"wiki_prob":0.48407238721847534,"text":"BIONANO GENOMICS INC\nSymbol BNGO\nTakeaways from AMP 2019 in Baltimore: Users of Bionano ’s Saphyr System Presented Results from Multiple Studies Demonstrating the System ’s Utility for a Variety of Disease Indications\nSAN DIEGO, Nov. 12, 2019 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Bionano Genomics, Inc. (NASDAQ: BNGO), a life sciences instrumentation company that develops and markets Saphyr®, a platform for ultra-sensitive and ultra-specific structural variation detection in genome analysis, today announced key takeaways from presentations by Saphyr users given between November 6-9 in Baltimore at the annual meeting of the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) and the associated corporate workshop.\nFocusing on molecular diagnostics, quality health care through excellence in clinical molecular testing is at the core of AMP. The association organizes an annual meeting to further its vision of providing global expertise in molecular testing that drives patient care. Saphyr users chose AMP as a venue to present updates to their findings using the Saphyr System for a variety of disease indications:\nMoffitt Cancer Center. A team of clinicians and scientists from the Moffitt Cancer Center and Bionano Genomics, led by Dr. Anthony Magliocco, M.D, of Protean BioDiagnostics, presented a study on HPV-positive ovarian tumors and two pairs of primary ovarian tumors with matched ascites. Ascites is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen, which can be caused by an inflammatory reaction to metastatic cancer cells. Bionano whole genome imaging demonstrated in pairs of primary ovarian tumors with matched ascites that primary tumors contained many more rearrangements and had an unstable copy number profile compared to the ascites, with very few shared aberrations. This observed difference could have important implications for treatment of ovarian cancer, since ascetic fluid is considered the primary route of metastasis and origin of recurrent disease, and it is possible that the less complex genome of ascetic fluid requires a different therapeutic approach than the complex primary tumor genome.\nMD Anderson Cancer Center. Professor Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, M.D., from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, presented a validation study on the use of Saphyr for the clinical assessment of patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes, or MDS. MDS is a precursor for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), and the number and type of structural variation in the cancer genome has extreme predictive value on the median survival time, which varies from five years for genomes with a single reported variant to just over five months for those with more than three abnormalities.\nIn a pilot study on 10 patient samples, Saphyr identified 100% of all aberrations detected by karyotype and microarray analysis. Dr. Kanagal-Shamanna stated that this exact concordance between Bionano genome imaging and clinical diagnostic assays, and the high throughput of the Saphyr instrument, make it a candidate single-platform assay for clinical diagnostics. Dr. Kanagal-Shamanna discussed the planned expansion of the study to 100 MDS cases with the goal of identifying new genomic aberrations that only Saphyr can detect and that alter the risk or affect management of the disease.\nRadboud University Medical Center, Netherlands. A team led by Professor Alexander Hoischen, Ph.D, from Radboud University Medical Center, presented an update on their ongoing validation of Saphyr as a tool to replace FISH, karyotyping and CNV-microarrays for the clinical analysis of leukemias and genetic disease. Of the samples analyzed so far, Saphyr identified all clinically relevant, previously reported aberrations observed using the three other technologies. They concluded that Bionano genome imaging is capable of replacing most traditional cytogenetic tests.\n“We are pleased to see our users succeed in addressing their needs using Saphyr and with the progress clinicians are making towards establishing Saphyr as the leading platform for streamlining cytogenetic testing.” commented Erik Holmlin, Ph.D., CEO of Bionano. He added “Data generated by the Saphyr system are answering difficult questions in complex genetic diseases that have been historically very challenging according to each of the presenters who described their experiences with Saphyr. We are grateful to all our customers and collaborators for their inspiration and for their work in showing what Saphyr can do.”\nMore information about Bionano Genomics is available at www.bionanogenomics.com.\nAbout Bionano Genomics\nBionano is a life sciences instrumentation company in the genome analysis space. Bionano develops and markets the Saphyr system, a platform for ultra-sensitive and ultra-specific structural variation detection that enables researchers and clinicians to accelerate the search for new diagnostics and therapeutic targets and to drive the adoption of digital cytogenetics, which is designed to be a more systematic, streamlined and industrialized form of traditional cytogenetics. The Saphyr system comprises an instrument, chip consumables, reagents and a suite of data analysis tools.\nThis press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend” and similar expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions or circumstances) convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes and are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs, projections, outlook, analyses or current expectations concerning, including among other things, the implications of clinical observations using data generated by Saphyr, impact of research incorporating the Saphyr system on the treatment of ovarian cancer, planned studies involving the use of Saphyr, Saphyr’s candidacy as a single-platform assay for clinical diagnostics, potential of Saphyr to replace most classical traditional tests and development of Saphyr as the leading platform for streamlining cytogenetic testing. Each of these forward-looking statements involves risks and uncertainties. Actual results or developments may differ materially from those projected or implied in these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause such a difference include the risks that our sales, revenue, expense and other financial guidance may not be as expected, as well as risks and uncertainties associated with general market conditions; changes in the competitive landscape and the introduction of competitive products; changes in our strategic and commercial plans; our ability to obtain sufficient financing to fund our strategic plans and commercialization efforts; the ability of key clinical studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our products; the loss of key members of management and our commercial team; and the risks and uncertainties associated with our business and financial condition in general, including the risks and uncertainties described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, without limitation, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 and in other filings subsequently made by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date on which they were made and are based on management's assumptions and estimates as of such date. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of the receipt of new information, the occurrence of future events or otherwise.\nMike Ward, CFO\nBionano Genomics, Inc.\nmward@bionanogenomics.com\nAshley R. Robinson\nLifeSci Advisors, LLC\narr@lifesciadvisors.com\nKirsten Thomas\nThe Ruth Group\nkthomas@theruthgroup.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line480325"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.767922043800354,"wiki_prob":0.767922043800354,"text":"Ronald v. Donald\nby Ken Stratton\nRonald Reagan is a beloved icon to modern Republicans. Anyone trying to establish themselves as a legitimate figure within the party want to associate their name with Reagan— and President Trump’s supporters know it.\nWhile discussing the 45th president’s summit with Kim Jong-Un, Sean Hannity outlined similarities between Reagan and Trump, something fellow Fox News commentator Laura Ingraham often does. Both are outsiders “hated by the media” who promise to “Make America Great Again.”\nWhile both men share similarities on the surface, they are in fact very different. This is not only true in policy, but also in character and leadership style.\nReagan understood the importance of free trade, saying, “We should beware of the demagogues ready to declare a trade war against our friends, weakening our economy, our national security, and the entire free world, all while cynically waving the American flag.” This has long been a conservative principle, but Trump embraces the exact opposite position.\nTrump has acknowledged his disagreement with Reagan on trade, favoring protectionist policies to support American workers and companies. Rather than embracing international competition and cooperation, Trump is against it. For instance, Trump has long criticized NAFTA, which has its roots in the Reagan administration.\nOn immigration, Reagan and his conservative contemporaries favored a “compassionate” solution to problems. “Rather than making them– or talk about putting up a fence, why don’t we work out some recognition of our mutual problems,” Reagan said in 1980. This view has all but vanished from the party that claims to be molded in his image.\nInstead, Trump would rather build a wall, and his efforts to work out such a solution have been hindered by the tweets he’s fired at members of Congress and the Mexican government. Border security is fine, but legal immigration and pathways to citizenship should be embraced.\nBy demanding “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall,” Reagan defended freedom by standing up to the Soviet Union and helping win the Cold War. Trump too believes in peace through strength, but he has proven soft on Vladimir Putin’s Russia. A country that took steps to influence our election through misinformation on the internet, that threatens freedom in Eastern Europe, and that is led by a man who jails his political opponents cannot be considered an ally of the U.S. deserving of a spot at the G7 table.\nBoth Reagan and Trump were once Democrats who made their way to the Republican Party. But Reagan’s ideological transition was gradual: working in Hollywood to combat communism, molding his beliefs after the likes of Eisenhower and Goldwater, and finally becoming the Governor of California. Trump’s transition was all over the place, starting as a Republican, before joining the short-lived Reform Party, becoming a Democrat during the years of George W. Bush, and registering as an Independent in 2011. Trump’s beliefs haven’t been molded after any other conservative leaders, and he has no previous experience in government.\nReagan’s 11th Commandment said, “Thou shall not speak ill of any fellow Republican.” Trump shattered this golden rule during the campaign when he attacked “not a war hero” McCain, “Lyin’ Ted,” “Little Marco,” and “Low Energy Jeb.” Trump is a classic narcissist and is all about “me.” He seems to forget that his job is about “We the People.”\nThe 40th President beautifully presented speeches that could bring a nation together. “We have every right to dream heroic dreams,” Reagan said in his 1981 inaugural address. He closed by saying, “It does require, however, our best effort and our willingness to believe in ourselves and to believe in our capacity to perform great deeds, to believe that together with God’s help we can and will resolve the problems which now confront us. And after all, why shouldn’t we believe that? We are Americans.”\nOften communicating in 140 characters or less, Trump is no Reagan. His press conferences immediately become confrontational, while his frequent rallies stoke partisan divides. Much of his rhetoric, including his inaugural address, paints America as a nation in decline: “For many decades, we’ve enriched foreign industry at the expense of American industry; subsidized the armies of other countries while allowing for the very sad depletion of our military; we’ve defended other nation’s borders while refusing to defend our own; and spent trillions of dollars overseas while America’s infrastructure has fallen into disrepair and decay. We’ve made other countries rich while the wealth, strength, and confidence of our country has disappeared over the horizon.”\nContrary to what MAGA supporters may believe, President Trump is no second coming of Ronald Reagan. If Dutch were here today, tuning into Fox News’ primetime lineup, he would surely laugh and say, “There you go again.”\nKen Stratton\nKen Stratton is a law student and graduate of the Class of 2019 at Western New England University. As an undergraduate, he severed as Editor-in-Chief of the school newspaper and held various leadership positions on campus. He's been an active member of his community as well, working with local elected officials and on several campaigns with MassGOP.\nAbout Ken Stratton\n@kenstratton97","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line499146"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6304667592048645,"wiki_prob":0.6304667592048645,"text":"Getting to the Root of Plant-Soil Interactions: Optical Instrument to Give Clearest 3D Images Yet of Rhizosphere\nGeorgia Tech researchers receive $2 million DOE grant to build optical instrument focused on understanding and imaging the rhizosphere\nPosted December 2, 2021 • Atlanta, GA\nAn interdisciplinary team of researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology has received a $2 million federal grant to create tools that will provide the clearest three-dimensional images yet of the chemical and biomolecular interactions between plants and the soil in which they grow.\nAt just a few inches underground, the rhizosphere — the thin strip of earth that includes the soil-root interface — has so far been difficult to visualize on site. If scientists can build instruments that capture in real-time clearer images of the physical associations of microbes attached to roots, along with the oxygen-carbon-nitrogen chemical exchanges they mediate, it could help mitigate the effects of climate change and lead to the development of more sustainable fuels and fertilizers.\n“From a microbiological perspective, we have catalogued what microbes are in the root zone and how abundant they are,” said Joel Kostka, professor in the School of Biological Sciences and School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at Georgia Tech. “But there's been very little work to understand their dynamics under real soil conditions.”\nKostka, who also serves as associate chair for Research in Biological Sciences, joins Marcus Cicerone, professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and principal investigator for the new grant from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The research team also includes Francisco Robles, assistant professor in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Lily Cheung, assistant professor in the School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering in the College of Engineering.\nTogether, the researchers plan to produce a new optical instrument that will provide 3D images of dynamic metabolic processes with chemical specificity — meaning it will be able to identify carbon sources (sugars, organic acids) exuded by plant roots and nitrogen-rich compounds provided to the root by nitrogen-fixing (diazotrophic) microbes. The instrument will be built with commercially available components, and with an eye towards simplicity so that it can be easily leveraged by Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Research Centers and field sites.\nA ‘hotspot for microbes’ in 3D\nUnderstanding more about the metabolic processes happening in the rhizosphere will help the DOE develop a wider range of sustainable products like new types of biofertilizers and biofuels. The research will also help create practices for better crop management — and will help researchers use plants and soil as more effective carbon traps that sequester greenhouse gases from the atmosphere into the soil.\n“The problem is that we don’t know much about the free-living bacteria in the soil, because we can’t get in there and look,” Cicerone said. “The DOE wanted somebody to build an instrument that would allow them to image or gather information about the metabolic processes, the interaction — the metabolic interactions between the microbes and the plants, in real time.”\nKostka adds that the rhizosphere is “a hotspot for microbes.”\n“It’s often where the plant is communicating with the outside world,” he explained. “Our goal is to develop an instrument that they (the DOE) can use to better understand those interactions between plants and microbes and how those can be tweaked, say, to optimize plant production, crop production, biofuels and biomass production. And that's the long-term goal for us.”\nHow light gets scattered, smothered, and covered in soil\nCicerone says the visibility issue with soil involves how photons — or particles of light — scatter once they hit the soil. He likens it to someone putting a red light up to the back of their thumb.\n“You turn your thumb around, your thumb glows red, right? So, the light comes through, but most of it scatters. The unscattered light contains the spatial information, but it is so weak that you can’t detect it by eye, and you lose the spatial information. The same thing happens with the soils. You get a lot of light scattering, and you lose spatial information,” Cicerone said.\nCicerone and Robles will build instrumentation that will focus light into the soil and that is “exquisitely sensitive to the minuscule amount of light that only scatters when it reaches its target.” Evaluating that light will help scientists learn even more about the chemical processes in the rhizosphere.\nThe visibility enhancements will be implemented in optical techniques with names like coherent Raman scattering and optical coherence tomography, which are commonly used for non-invasive imaging of thin biological material, like the retina of the eye — or the tiniest of plant roots.\n“We learn two things from the light coming out of the sample. The amount of light coming out tells you about the refractive index of the material, and the light’s frequency change tells you about the chemical composition of the material,” Cicerone explained.\nIt’s through imaging and then optimizing those microbe-plant interactions that the DOE aims to design more sustainable products and practices, based on the chemistry to be learned from the team’s new optical instruments.\n“This is a three-year funded project, and we hope at the end of the three years to have an experimental system, where we can do something that nobody else can do,” Cicerone added. “And that is that we can follow the biochemistry under the soil, in situ, in real time, to clearly see what's going on there and find out what the microbes really are doing in natural conditions. At that point, we can start manipulating the biology, start doing the experiments that the DOE is primarily interested in.”\nAward Number: DE-SC0022121\nTitle: Deep Chemical Imaging of the Rhizosphere\nInstitution: Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA\nPrincipal Investigator: Cicerone, Marcus\nAbout Georgia Institute of Technology\nThe Georgia Institute of Technology, or Georgia Tech, is a top 10 public research university developing leaders who advance technology and improve the human condition. The Institute offers business, computing, design, engineering, liberal arts, and sciences degrees. Its nearly 40,000 students representing 50 states and 149 countries, study at the main campus in Atlanta, at campuses in France and China, and through distance and online learning. As a leading technological university, Georgia Tech is an engine of economic development for Georgia, the Southeast, and the nation, conducting more than $1 billion in research annually for government, industry, and society.\nFrancisco Robles\nWriter: Renay San Miguel\nCommunications Officer II/Science Writer\nCollege of Sciences\nEditors: Jess Hunt-Ralston, Georgia Parmelee\nEmail: renay.san@cos.gatech.edu\nCollege of Sciences Welcomes Seven Faculty Members\nCollege of Sciences Postdocs Shine in Research Symposium\nJoel Kostka Details the Microbial Legacy of the Deepwater Horizon Disaster\nMicrobial Research may be the Key to Salt Marsh Restoration\nNSF Supports Research on the Microbes in Peat Moss\nScienceMatters - Season 3, Episode 8 - Digging Up Climate Clues in Peat Moss\nHammer and Kostka Named Distinguished Lecturers\nCMDI: Mighty Microbial Dynamics for a Healthier People and Planet\nBuilding Better Tools for Biomanufacturing\nFedorov lab develops analytical device to improve manufacturing of advanced cell therapies\nOceanic Phosphorous Lends Light to the Hunt for Habitable Worlds\nAn international team finds a new twist in the Earth’s oceanic nutrient cycles, adding new possibilities for a key building block of life on Earth and Earth-like planets beyond the solar system.\nData DNA\nResearchers have made significant advances toward the goal of a new microchip able to grow DNA strands that could provide high-density 3D archival data storage at ultra-low cost – and be able to hold that information for hundreds of years.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line71004"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7195558547973633,"wiki_prob":0.2804441452026367,"text":"The Salt of the Earth\nSelf Released (2012)\nShostakovich on Soviet Party loyalty:\n“It is as if someone were beating you with a stick and saying, ‘Your business is rejoicing, your business is rejoicing.’”\nShostakovich’s son Maxim said, “My father cried twice in his life: when my mother died and when he came to say they’ve made him join the Party.” Crying is actually an understatement. The man who publicly withstood Stalin’s entire, painful regime finally capitulated to the Party’s pressure in 1960, and he was a sobbing, uncontrollable mess. Then he wrote his 8th String Quartet in only three days.\nAfter writing the quartet, Shostakovich wrote a letter to his friend, confessor Glikman, explaining,\n“The title page could carry the dedication: ‘To the memory of the composer of this quartet’ […] while I was composing it I cried as many tears as I would pee after half-a-dozen beers.’”\nIn this man of paradoxes, one thing is certain: he was not ashamed of life’s rawness. And his music is the same. Rudolf Barshi – a composition student of Shostakovich – and the arranger of the String Quartet No. 8 as the Chamber Symphony, relates stories about Soviet copyists and editors changing Shostakovich’s dissonant, crunchy writing to be less offensive.\nBarshai said: “His aim was to demonstrate that ambivalence exists. Wonderful harmony is suddenly interrupted by great discord. He was saying, ‘Ladies and gentlemen, things are not always harmonious. They are hard and tragic too.’”\nAs a pianist, Shostakovich’s playing was volatile and exhilarating, with fistfuls of wrong notes, tempi that seemed impossible and out of control. The legendary Soviet pianist Sviatoslav Richter said one time he played a duet with Shostakovich:\n“Shostakovich would start at a certain tempo, then get faster or slower. He ignored the pedal completely. And he played incredibly loud all the time […] I was fighting a losing battle.”\nApparently, Richter always had interesting encounters with Shostakovich:\n“I was outside the Odessa Opera. It was dusk, and the street lights hadn’t come on. There was a man staring at me. He had white eyes, with no pupils. Suddenly I realized that it was Shostakovich. I went weak at the knees […] I was always ill at ease in his presence. He was very odd: tense, yet extremely refined. A genius, but quite bizarre. A terrible depressive. He was totally crazy too.”\nThe essence of Shostakovich’s music-making, as composer and performer, was pure vitality, whether slow or fast, major or minor. His music cares not for posterity, only for the moment. And the moment is the only thing this music needs. It whispers and screams: “I am alive! Living hurts bad. It also feels good. Here I am.”\nIronically, the man who never seemed to care one bit about cataloguing and recording his own music has become one of the most recorded twentieth-century composers. So why should we join the ranks and make another recording of an already ultra-famous piece? The same reason anyone goes through the insane amount of time and effort to relive something: there is always more to say.\nWhen we made this recording a couple things happened. The performance felt great. The visceral and emotional energy in the small, packed venue was palpable, and everyone played hard, fast, and beautiful. We assumed the recording would display these things.\nBut the live recording sounded terrible. To our conservatory-trained ears and minds we heard a slew of mistakes, rough patches, and moments of near collapse. We were confused and worried.\nThis recording is not edited from that performance. In the process of mixing the raw recording, the goal was to make it more raw, to relive the performance itself by proxy. We weren’t just making a live recording, but making a recording that feels alive. The mistakes we made in the performance are definitely there; in fact, they’re magnified. The bass is loud, the licks are fast, and the chords are crunchy. We hope it hurts good.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1313510"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.959191083908081,"wiki_prob":0.959191083908081,"text":"Death toll from Taliban blast in Afghan capital reaches 16, with 119 wounded says official\nJeck Deocampo • September 3, 2019\t• 1053\nA Taliban vehicle bomb exploded late on Monday (September 2) close to a housing compound used by international organizations in the Afghan capital Kabul, killing at least 16 people and wounding 119, officials said.\nThe blast, which shook buildings several kilometres away, came just as Zalmay Khalilzad, the special U.S. envoy for peace in Afghanistan was outlining details of a draft accord with the insurgent movement in a television interview.\nFollowing major Taliban attacks on two northern cities over the weekend, the bombing in a heavily populated area of the capital added to questions around the peace deal reached between U.S. and Taliban negotiators.\nThe Interior Ministry said the blast was caused by a tractor packed with explosives close to Green Village, a residential compound in eastern Kabul used by foreign staff of international groups including aid organizations. (REUTERS)\n(Production: Samargul Zwak, Aziz Mohammad, Sayed Hassib)\nTAGS Afghan, Afghan capital Kabul, Afghanistan, death toll, Taliban\nReported deaths due to Typhoon Odette climbs to 400 – NDRRMC\nRobie de Guzman • December 31, 2021\nMANILA, Philippines – The number of reported deaths due to the onslaught of Typhoon Odette has exceeded 400, the National Disaster Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) said Friday.\nIn its latest report, the NDRRMC recorded 405 fatalities, while 82 persons were reported missing and 1,147 were injured.\nThe typhoon affected a total of 4,457,846 individuals or 1,139,148 families in 11 regions.\nAreas affected include Palawan, Negros Occidental, Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, Southern Leyte, Leyte, Dinagat Islands, and Surigao del Norte.\nA total of 532,096 houses were damaged during the typhoon with an estimated cost of P28,163,718, the NDRRMC said.\nThe damage to infrastructure was pegged at ₱ 16,715,368,482.11 while the cost of damage to agriculture was estimated at P6,683,206,250.24.\nThe NDRRMC also noted that the power supply has been restored in 205 out of 284 cities and municipalities that experienced power outages following the typhoon’s onslaught.\nSeventeen areas in MIMAROPA, Region 10, CARAGA, and CARAGA are still without water supply.\nMeanwhile, telecommunication services have been restored in 79 out of 165 cities and municipalities affected by the calamity, the NDRRMC said.\nTAGS death toll, NDRRMC, Typhoon Odette\nReported deaths due to Odette nears 400 – NDRRMC\nMANILA, Philippines – Nearly 400 people were reported killed due to the onslaught of Typhoon Odette, latest data from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) showed.\nIn an update released on Tuesday, the NDRRMC said the death toll has climbed to 397.\nThe number of missing persons also rose to 83 from Monday’s 64 while a total of 1,147 people have been reported injured.\nThe typhoon affected a total of 4,235,400 persons or 1,082,910 families in 11 regions.\nThe NDRRMC also reported a total of 508,785 damaged houses due to Odette, with an estimated cost of P28,163,718.\nAround 325 infrastructures were also damaged due to the typhoon, amounting to P16,715,334,982.11.\nThe typhoon’s estimated cost of damage to agriculture was at P5,342,538,557.25.\nThe agency said that power supply has been restored in 161 out of 284 areas that experienced power outage in MIMAROPA, Region 6, Region 7, Region 8, Region 9, Region 10, Region 11, CARAGA, and Bangsamoro region.\nA total of 18 cities/ municipalities are still without water supply while 371 areas faced issues in telecommunications.\nTAGS death toll, NDRRMC, ODETTE, Philippines\nReported deaths due to Odette climb to 326, 58 missing – NDRRMC\nMANILA, Philippines — The number of reported deaths due to Typhoon Odette has reached 326, the latest data from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) showed.\nIn its report released on Friday, a total of 58 people were reported missing, while 661 others were injured due to the onslaught of Odette in many areas in the Visayas and Mindanao.\nA total of 3,380,167 persons or 870,334 families from 5,508 barangays in 11 regions were affected by the calamity, it added.\nAffected regions include MIMAROPA, Bicol, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas, Zamboanga, Northern Mindanao, Davao, Soccsksargen, CARAGA, and Bangsamoro.\nElectricity has been restored in 149 out of 273 cities and municipalities that experienced power outages following the storm, the NDRRMC said.\nThree cities and municipalities are still without access to water while 371 areas are still experiencing communication problems.\nThe NDRRMC noted that Odette damaged a total of 348,642 houses, around P3.9 billion worth of infrastructures, and more than P2 billion worth of crops, livestock, and fisheries.\nA total of 126 ports were reported non-operational or had suspended trips. Of which, 72 ports resumed operations in CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Region 5, Region 7, Region 9, Region 10, the NDRRMC said.\nAt least 1,353 passengers, 697 rolling cargoes, and 4 vessels were stranded.\nA total of 343 cities/municipalities were declared under a state of calamity, the NDRRMC said.\nTAGS death toll, Mindanao, ODETTE, Philippines, Typhoon Odette, Visayas","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1527765"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6243598461151123,"wiki_prob":0.3756401538848877,"text":"iamjwal.com\nPar 3 Near Me\nCheap Sneakers\nCH14 – Forging the National Economy\nTime Frame: 1790-1860\nObjectives: At the end of this chapter, you should be able to:\nDescribe the growth and movement of America’s population in the early nineteenth century.\nDescribe the largely German and Irish wave of immigration beginning in the 1830s and the reactions it provoked among native Americans.\nExplain why America was relatively slow to embrace the industrial revolution and the factory.\nDescribe the early development of the factory system and Eli Whitney’s system of interchangeable parts.\nOutline early industrialism’s effects on workers, including women and children.\nDescribe the impact of new technologies, including transportation and communication systems, on American business and agriculture.\nDescribe the development of a continental market economy and its revolutionary effects on both producers and consumers.\nExplain why the emerging industrial economy could raise the general level of prosperity, while simultaneously creating greater disparities of wealth between rich and poor.\n© 2021 iamjwal.com. All rights reserved, unless otherwise noted.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line108447"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.689231276512146,"wiki_prob":0.310768723487854,"text":"Government Information Specialist\nThe Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is calling on those who want to help protect American interests and secure our Nation. DHS Components work collectively to prevent terrorism; secure borders and our transportation systems; protect the President and other dignitaries; enforce and administer immigration laws; safeguard cyberspace; and ensure resilience to disasters. We achieve these vital missions through a diverse workforce spanning hundreds of occupations. Make an impact; join DHS.\nWhen disaster strikes, America looks to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Now FEMA looks to you. Join our team and use your talent to support Americans in their times of greatest need. FEMA prepares the nation for all hazards and manages Federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident. We foster innovation, reward performance and creativity, and provide challenges on a routine basis with a well-skilled, knowledgeable, high performance workforce. Please visit www.fema.gov for additional information.\nEMERGENCY ASSIGNMENT: Every FEMA employee has regular and recurring emergency management responsibilities, though not every position requires routine deployment to disaster sites. All positions are subject to recall around the clock for emergency management operations, which may require irregular work hours, work at locations other than the official duty station, and may include duties other than those specified in the employee's official position description. Travel requirements in support of emergency operations may be extensive in nature (weeks to months), with little advance notice, and may require employees to relocate to emergency sites with physically austere and operationally challenging conditions.\nThis position is located in the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Mission Support (MS), Office of the Chief Administrative Officer (OCAO), Information Management Division (IMD), Privacy Branch (PB). Typical assignments include:\nDeveloping Privacy Threshold Analysis (PTAs), Privacy Impact Assessments (PIAs), System of Records Notices (SORNs), Notices of Proposed Rulemakings (NPRMs), Final Rules, Privacy Act Section e (3) Statements, Information Sharing Access Agreement (ISAs), and Computer Matching Agreements;\nConducting site inspections and privacy compliance reviews;\nProviding in-depth privacy training, education programs and awareness forums for FEMA stakeholders and external partners;\nServing as the point of contact within FEMA for guidance and interpretation of Privacy and FOIA, and recommending ways for improving effectiveness and efficiency across FEMA; and\nConsulting and coordinating with FEMA program offices and other agencies on unprecedented procedural problems regarding privacy, disclosure, or records management to ensure government-wide consistency in handling of same.\nPromotion Potential: Future promotions will be dependent on your ability to perform the duties at a higher level, the continuing need for an employee assigned to the higher level, and administrative approval.\nYou must be a U.S. citizen to apply for this position.\nYou must successfully pass a background investigation.\nSelective Service registration required.\nCurrent federal employees must meet time-in-grade requirements.\nYou must be able to obtain and maintain a Government credit card.\nPlease review \"Other Information\" section for additional key requirements.\nTo ensure the accomplishment of our mission, DHS requires every employee to be reliable and trustworthy. To meet those standards, all selected applicants must undergo, successfully pass, and maintain a background investigation for Public Trust/Moderate Risk as a condition of placement into this position. This may include a credit check after initial job qualifications are determined, a review of financial issues, such as delinquency in the payment of debts, child support and/or tax obligations, as well as certain criminal offenses and illegal use or possession of drugs (please visit: Mythbuster on Federal Hiring Policies for additional information ). For more information on background investigations for Federal jobs please visit OPM Investigations .\nCOVID VACCINATION: As required by Executive Order 14043, Federal employees are required to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19 regardless of the employee's duty location or work arrangement (e.g., telework, remote work, etc.), subject to such exceptions as required by law. If selected, you will be required to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and submit documentation of proof of vaccination by November 22, 2021 or before appointment or onboarding with the agency, if after November 22. The agency will provide additional information regarding what information or documentation will be needed and how you can request of the agency a legally required exception from this requirement.\nDue to COVID-19, FEMA is currently in an expanded telework posture which will end January 31, 2022. Therefore, if selected, you may be expected to temporarily telework, even if your home is located outside the local commuting area. Once employees are permitted to return to the office, you will be expected to report to the duty station listed on this announcement. At that time, you may be eligible to request to continue to telework one or more days a pay period in accordance with FEMA's telework policy.\nPlease ensure you meet the qualification requirements described below.\nCurrent Federal employees must have served 52 weeks at the next lower grade or equivalent grade band in the Federal service. The time-in-grade requirement must be met within 30 days of the closing date of this announcement.\nThe qualification requirements listed below must be met within 30 days of the closing date of the announcement.\nYou qualify for this position at the GS-11 level (starting salary $72,750) if you possess the following: One full year of specialized experience equivalent to the next lower grade (GS-09) in the Federal Service. This experience may have been gained in the federal government, a state or local government, a non-profit organization, the private sector, or as a volunteer; however, your resume must clearly describe at least one year of specialized experience. Specialized experience for this position includes:\nPreparing documentation for, and drafting responses to general inquiries; and\nAssisting in the development of Privacy Threshold Assessments, Privacy Impact Assessments (PIA) and System of Records Notices (SORN);\nEducational Substitution - a Ph.D. or equivalent doctoral degree OR three full years of progressively higher level graduate education leading to such a degree, OR LL.M. if related;\na Combination of education and experience.\nExperience refers to paid and unpaid experience, including volunteer work done through National Service programs (e.g. Peace Corps, AmeriCorps) and other organizations (e.g., professional; philanthropic; religious; spiritual; community, student, social). Volunteer work helps build critical competencies, knowledge, and skills, and provides valuable training and experience that translates directly to paid employment. You will receive credit for all qualifying experience, including volunteer experience.\nNOTE: Qualifications are based on breadth/level of experience. In addition to describing duties performed, applicants must provide the exact dates of each period of employment (from MM/YY to MM/YY) and the number of hours worked per week if part time. As qualification determinations cannot be made when resumes do not include the required information, failure to provide this information may result in disqualification. Applicants are encouraged to use the USAJOBS Resume Builder to develop their federal resume. For a brief video on How to Create a Federal Resume, click here .\nCurrent or former FEMA Reservists/DAE employees: To accurately credit your experience for these intermittent positions, make sure to list the dates (from MM/YY to MM/YY) of each deployment, along with the job title and specific duties you were responsible for during each deployment. Failure to provide this information may result in disqualification.\nThe Office of Personnel Management (OPM) must authorize employment offers made to current or former political appointees. If you are currently, or have been within the last 5 years, a political Schedule A, Schedule C, Non-career SES or Presidential Appointee employee in the Executive Branch, you must disclose this information to the Human Resources Office.\nIf you are qualifying based on education submit a copy of your college transcript (unofficial is acceptable) from an accredited institution. Once selected and prior to appointment, applicants must provide an official college transcript. Education completed in foreign colleges or universities may be used to meet Federal qualification requirements if you can show that your foreign education is comparable to education received in accredited educational institutions in the United States. For example, specific courses accepted for college-level credit by an accredited U.S. college or university, or foreign education evaluated by an organization recognized for accreditation by the Department of Education as education equivalent to that gained in an accredited U.S. college or university. It is your responsibility to provide such evidence with your application. See Recognition of Foreign Qualifications for more information.\nIf you receive a conditional offer of employment for this position, you will be required to complete an Optional Form 306, Declaration for Federal Employment , and to sign and certify the accuracy of all information in your application, prior to entry on duty. False statements on any part of the application may result in withdrawal of offer of employment, dismissal after beginning work, fine, or imprisonment.\nDHS uses E-verify, an internet based system, to confirm the eligibility of all newly hired employees to work in the United States. Learn more about E-Verify , including your rights and responsibilities.\nThe Department of Homeland Security encourages persons with disabilities to apply, to include persons with intellectual, severe physical or psychiatric disabilities, as defined by 5 CFR § 213.3102(u), and/or Disabled Veterans with a compensable service-connected disability of 30 percent or more as defined by 5 CFR § 315.707. Veterans , Peace Corps / VISTA volunteers , and persons with disabilities possess a wealth of unique talents, experiences, and competencies that can be invaluable to the DHS mission. If you are a member of one of these groups, you may not have to compete with the public for federal jobs. To determine your eligibility for non-competitive appointment and to understand the required documentation, click on the links above or contact the Servicing Human Resources Office listed at the bottom of this announcement.\nThis announcement may be used to fill one or more vacancies.\nAll candidates must be able to deploy with little or no advance notice to anywhere in the United States and its territories for an extended period of time.\nA one year probationary period is required for new Federal competitive service employees and new supervisors and managers.\nIf selected for this position, and you have not previously completed these requirements, you are subject to (1) completion of a 2 day onboarding program at your primary duty location; and, (2) completion of a subsequent, multiple day orientation program within 90-120 days of hire, at a location to be determined. Travel associated with the orientation portion of this requirement may be at FEMA's expense.\nThis is a Bargaining Unit position.\nDue weight will be given to performance appraisals and incentive awards in merit promotion selection decisions in accordance with 5 CFR 335.103(b)(3).\nApplying to this announcement certifies that you give permission for DHS to share your application with others in DHS for similar positions.\nSupervisory Government Information Specialist\nSave Supervisory Government Information Specialist\nSave Government Information Specialist\nAdministrative Federal jobs in Washington D.C.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line781564"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6196413636207581,"wiki_prob":0.6196413636207581,"text":"Justia Regulation Tracker Department Of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Three Synthetic Phenethylamines Into Schedule I, 61991-61993 [2013-24432]\nSchedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Three Synthetic Phenethylamines Into Schedule I, 61991-61993 [2013-24432]\nDownload as PDF 61991 Proposed Rules Federal Register Vol. 78, No. 197 Thursday, October 10, 2013 This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Drug Enforcement Administration 21 CFR Part 1308 [Docket No. DEA–382] Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Three Synthetic Phenethylamines Into Schedule I Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice. ACTION: Notice of Intent. AGENCY: The Deputy Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is issuing this notice of intent to temporarily schedule three synthetic phenethylamines into the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) pursuant to the temporary scheduling provisions of 21 U.S.C. 811(h). The substances are 2-(4iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25INBOMe; 2C-I-NBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5), 2(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25CNBOMe; 2C-C-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82), and 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25BNBOMe; 2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36) [hereinafter 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe]. This action is based on a finding by the Deputy Administrator that the placement of these synthetic phenethylamines into Schedule I of the CSA is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety. Any final order will be published in the Federal Register and may not be issued prior to November 12, 2013. Any final order will impose the administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions and regulatory controls applicable to Schedule I substances under the CSA on the manufacture, distribution, possession, importation, exportation, research, and conduct of instructional activities of these synthetic phenethylamines. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ruth A. Carter, Chief, Policy Evaluation pmangrum on DSK3VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS SUMMARY: VerDate Mar<15>2010 12:03 Oct 09, 2013 Jkt 232001 and Analysis Section, Office of Diversion Control, Drug Enforcement Administration; Mailing Address: 8701 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152, Telephone (202) 598–6812. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Section 201 of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811, provides the Attorney General with the authority to temporarily place a substance into Schedule I of the CSA for two years without regard to the requirements of 21 U.S.C. 811(b) if he finds that such action is necessary to avoid imminent hazard to the public safety. 21 U.S.C. 811(h). In addition, if proceedings to control a substance are initiated under 21 U.S.C. 811(a)(1), the Attorney General may extend the temporary scheduling for up to one year. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(2). Where the necessary findings are made, a substance may be temporarily scheduled if it is not listed in any other schedule under section 202 of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 812, or if there is no exemption or approval in effect under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U.S.C. 355, for the substance. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1). The Attorney General has delegated his authority under 21 U.S.C. 811 to the Administrator of the DEA, who in turn has delegated her authority to the Deputy Administrator of the DEA. 28 CFR 0.100, 0.104. Section 201(h)(4) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4), requires the Deputy Administrator to notify the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) of his intention to temporarily place a substance into Schedule I of the CSA.1 As 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe are not currently listed in any schedule under the CSA, the DEA believes that the conditions of 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1) have been satisfied. Any comments submitted by the Assistant Secretary in response to 1 Because the Secretary of the HHS has delegated to the Assistant Secretary for Health of the HHS the authority to make domestic drug scheduling recommendations, for purposes of this Notice of Intent, all subsequent references to ‘‘Secretary’’ have been replaced with ‘‘Assistant Secretary.’’ As set forth in a memorandum of understanding entered into by HHS, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), FDA acts as the lead agency within HHS in carrying out the Assistant Secretary’s scheduling responsibilities under the CSA, with the concurrence of NIDA. 50 FR 9518, Mar. 8, 1985. PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 this notification shall be taken into consideration before a final order is published. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4). To make a finding that placing a substance temporarily into Schedule I of the CSA is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety, the Deputy Administrator is required to consider three of the eight factors set forth in section 201(c) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(c): The substance’s history and current pattern of abuse; the scope, duration and significance of abuse; and what, if any, risk there is to the public health. 21 U.S.C. 811(c)(4)–(6). Consideration of these factors includes actual abuse, diversion from legitimate channels, and clandestine importation, manufacture, or distribution. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(3). A substance meeting the statutory requirements for temporary scheduling may only be placed in Schedule I. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1). Substances in Schedule I are those that have a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. 21 U.S.C. 812(b)(1). Available data and information for 25INBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe indicate that these three synthetic phenethylamines have a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. Synthetic Phenethylamines The 2-methoxybenzyl series of 2C phenethylamine substances, such as 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25BNBOMe, has been developed over the last 10 years for use in mapping and investigating the serotonin receptors in the mammalian brain. 25I-NBOMe and 25B-NBOMe were first described by legitimate research laboratories in 2003. Subsequent studies involving these two substances appeared in the scientific literature starting in 2006. 25C-NBOMe first appeared in the scientific literature in 2011. No approved medical use has been identified for these synthetic phenethylamines, nor have they been approved by the FDA for human consumption. Synthetic 2C phenethylamine substances, of which 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25BNBOMe are representative, are sotermed for the two-carbon ethylene E:\\FR\\FM\\10OCP1.SGM 10OCP1 61992 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 197 / Thursday, October 10, 2013 / Proposed Rules pmangrum on DSK3VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS group between the phenyl ring and the amino group of the phenethylamine and are substituted with methoxy groups at the 2 and 5 positions of the phenyl ring. Numerous blotter papers and food items have been analyzed, and combinations of one or more of 25I-NBOMe, 25CNBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe have been identified as adulterants. Bulk quantities of these substances have been encountered as powders and liquid solutions. From November 2011 through June 2013, according to the System to Retrieve Information from Drug Evidence 2 (STRIDE) data, there are 54 exhibits involving 27 cases for 25INBOMe; 27 exhibits involving 12 cases for 25C-NBOMe; and 3 exhibits involving 3 cases for 25B-NBOMe. From June 2011 through March 2013, the National Forensic Laboratory Information System 3 (NFLIS) registered 689 reports containing these synthetic phenethylamines (25I-NBOMe-582 reports; 25C-NBOMe-94 reports; 25BNBOMe-13 reports) across 33 states. No instances involving 25I-NBOMe, 25CNBOMe, or 25B-NBOMe were reported in NFLIS prior to June 2011. Factor 4. History and Current Pattern of Abuse One or more 2-methoxybenzyl analogues of the 2C compounds described here have been available over the Internet since 2010. The first identified domestic law enforcement encounter with 25I-NBOMe occurred in June 2011 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Information from published studies and law enforcement reports, supplemented with discussions on Internet Web sites and personal communications, document abuse of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25BNBOMe by nasal insufflation of powders, intravenous injection or nasal absorption of liquid solutions, sublingual or buccal administration of blotter papers, and consumption of food items laced with these substances. These sources also report that 25INBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe are often purported to be Schedule I hallucinogens like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Reports document that the abuse of these substances can cause severe toxic reactions, including death. According to United States Customs and Border Protection data, bulk quantities of powdered 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe have 2 STRIDE includes data on analyzed samples from DEA laboratories. 3 NFLIS is a database that collects scientifically verified data on analyzed samples in state and local forensic laboratories. VerDate Mar<15>2010 12:03 Oct 09, 2013 Jkt 232001 been seized from shipments originating overseas, particularly from Asia. Given the relatively small quantity of these substances predicted to produce a hallucinogenic effect in humans, single seizures of these substances are capable of producing hundreds of thousands to millions of dosage units. Large seizures of these substances prepared on blotter papers have also been reported. Abuse of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25BNBOMe has been characterized with acute public health and safety issues domestically and abroad. In response, a number of states and foreign governments have controlled these substances. Factor 5. Scope, Duration and Significance of Abuse According to forensic laboratory reports, the first law enforcement encounter with 25I-NBOMe in the United States occurred in June 2011. According to NFLIS, 689 exhibits involving 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe were submitted to forensic laboratories between June 2011 and March 2013 from a number of states including Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Indiana, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The number of reports submitted to NFLIS involving 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe has increased in each of the last five quarters where data is available. According to STRIDE, there are 84 records that identify 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe in evidence submitted to DEA laboratories between November 2011 and June 2013. Factor 6. What, if Any, Risk There Is to the Public Health In 2012 and 2013, emergency department physicians and toxicologists published and presented numerous case reports of patients treated for exposure to 25I-NBOMe. The adverse health effects reported include tachycardia, hypertension, agitation, aggression, visual and auditory hallucinations, seizures, hyperpyrexia, clonus, elevated white cell count, elevated creatine kinase, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and acute kidney injury. Medical examiner and postmortem toxicology reports from 11 states implicate some combination of 25INBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe in the death of at least 14 individuals. PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 These reports suggest that 11 individuals died of acute toxicity, and 3 individuals died of unpredictable or violent behavior due to 25I-NBOMe toxicity. 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe have each been detected in postmortem blood toxicology for cases of acute toxicity. Since abusers obtain these drugs through unknown sources, the identity, purity, and quantity of these substances is uncertain and inconsistent, thus posing significant adverse health risks to users. There are no recognized therapeutic uses of these substances in the United States and possible deadly drug interactions between 25I-NBOMe and FDA approved medications have been noted. Finding of Necessity of Schedule I Placement To Avoid Imminent Hazard to Public Safety Based on the above data and information, the continued uncontrolled manufacture, distribution, importation, exportation, and abuse of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe pose an imminent hazard to the public safety. The DEA is not aware of any currently accepted medical uses for these synthetic phenethylamines in the United States. A substance meeting the statutory requirements for temporary scheduling, 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1), may only be placed in Schedule I. Substances in Schedule I are those that have a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. Available data and information for 25I-NBOMe, 25CNBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe indicate that these three synthetic phenethylamines have a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. As required by section 201(h)(4) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), the Deputy Administrator through a letter dated September 3, 2013, notified the Assistant Secretary of the intention to temporarily place these three synthetic phenethylamines in Schedule I. Conclusion This notice of intent initiates an expedited temporary scheduling action and provides the 30-day notice pursuant to section 201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h). In accordance with the provisions of section 201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), the Deputy Administrator considered available data and information, herein set forth the grounds for his determination that it is E:\\FR\\FM\\10OCP1.SGM 10OCP1 pmangrum on DSK3VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 197 / Thursday, October 10, 2013 / Proposed Rules necessary to temporarily schedule three synthetic phenethylamines, 2-(4-iodo2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25INBOMe; 2C-I-NBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5), 2(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25CNBOMe; 2C-C-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82) and 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25BNBOMe; 2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36), in Schedule I of the CSA, and finds that placement of these synthetic phenethylamines into Schedule I of the CSA is warranted in order to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety. Because the Deputy Administrator hereby finds that it is necessary to temporarily place these synthetic phenethylamines into Schedule I to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety, any subsequent final order temporarily scheduling these substances will be effective on the date of publication in the Federal Register, and will be in effect for a period of two years, with a possible extension of one additional year, pending completion of the permanent or regular scheduling process. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1) and (2). It is the intention of the Deputy Administrator to issue such a final order as soon as possible after the expiration of 30 days from the date of publication of this notice. 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe will then be subject to the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to the manufacture, distribution, possession, importation, exportation, research, and conduct of instructional activities of a Schedule I controlled substance under the CSA. The CSA sets forth specific criteria for scheduling a drug or other substance. Regular scheduling actions in accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(a) are subject to formal rulemaking procedures done ‘‘on the record after opportunity for a hearing’’ conducted pursuant to the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 556 and 557. 21 U.S.C. 811. The regular scheduling process of formal rulemaking affords interested parties with appropriate process and the government with any additional relevant information needed to make a determination. Final decisions that conclude the regular scheduling process of formal rulemaking are subject to judicial review. 21 U.S.C. 877. Temporary scheduling orders are not subject to judicial review. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(6). Regulatory Matters Section 201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), provides for an expedited temporary scheduling action where VerDate Mar<15>2010 12:03 Oct 09, 2013 Jkt 232001 such action is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety. As provided in this subsection, the Attorney General may, by order, schedule a substance in Schedule I on a temporary basis. Such an order may not be issued before the expiration of 30 days from (1) the publication of a notice in the Federal Register of the intention to issue such order and the grounds upon which such order is to be issued, and (2) the date that notice of a proposed temporary scheduling order is transmitted to the Assistant Secretary of HHS. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1). Inasmuch as section 201(h) of the CSA directs that temporary scheduling actions be issued by order and sets forth the procedures by which such orders are to be issued, the DEA believes that the notice and comment requirements of section 553 of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), 5 U.S.C. 553, do not apply to this notice of intent. In the alternative, even assuming that this notice of intent might be subject to section 553 of the APA, the Deputy Administrator finds that there is good cause to forgo the notice and comment requirements of section 553, as any further delays in the process for issuance of temporary scheduling orders would be impracticable and contrary to the public interest in view of the manifest urgency to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety. Although the DEA believes this notice of intent to issue a temporary scheduling order is not subject to the notice and comment requirements of section 553 of the APA, the DEA notes that in accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4), the Deputy Administrator will be taking into consideration any comments submitted by the Assistant Secretary with regard to the proposed temporary scheduling order. Further, the DEA believes that this temporary scheduling action is not a ‘‘rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 601(2), and, accordingly, is not subject to the requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA). The requirements for the preparation of an initial regulatory flexibility analysis in 5 U.S.C. 603(a) are not applicable where, as here, the DEA is not required by section 553 of the APA or any other law to publish a general notice of proposed rulemaking. Additionally, this action is not a significant regulatory action as defined by Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review), section 3(f), and, accordingly, this action has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 9990 61993 This action will not have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with Executive Order 13132 (Federalism) it is determined that this action does not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment. List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308 Administrative practice and procedure, Drug traffic control, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Under the authority vested in the Attorney General by section 201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), and delegated to the Deputy Administrator of the DEA by Department of Justice regulations (28 CFR 0.100, Appendix to Subpart R), the Deputy Administrator hereby intends to order that 21 CFR Part 1308 be amended as follows: PART 1308—SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES 1. The authority citation for Part 1308 continues to read as follows: ■ Authority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b), unless otherwise noted. 2. Section 1308.11 is amended by adding new paragraphs (h)(12), (13), and (14) to read as follows: ■ § 1308.11 Schedule I. * * * * * (h) * * * (12) 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers— 7538 (Other names: 25I-NBOMe; 2C-INBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5) (13) 2-(4-chloro-2,5dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl) ethanamine, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers—7537 (Other names: 25CNBOMe; 2C-C-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82) (14) 2-(4-bromo-2,5dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl) ethanamine, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers—7536 (Other names: 25BNBOMe; 2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36) Dated: October 4, 2013. Thomas M. Harrigan, Deputy Administrator. [FR Doc. 2013–24432 Filed 10–9–13; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4410–09–P E:\\FR\\FM\\10OCP1.SGM 10OCP1\n[Federal Register Volume 78, Number 197 (Thursday, October 10, 2013)]\n[Proposed Rules]\n\u0000This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of\n\u0000the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these\n\u0000notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in\n\u0000the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules.\n\u0000\u0000Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 197 / Thursday, October 10, 2013 /\n21 CFR Part 1308\n[Docket No. DEA-382]\nSchedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Three\nSynthetic Phenethylamines Into Schedule I\nAGENCY: Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice.\nACTION: Notice of Intent.\nSUMMARY: The Deputy Administrator of the Drug Enforcement\nAdministration (DEA) is issuing this notice of intent to temporarily\nschedule three synthetic phenethylamines into the Controlled Substances\nAct (CSA) pursuant to the temporary scheduling provisions of 21 U.S.C.\n811(h). The substances are 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-\nmethoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25I-NBOMe; 2C-I-NBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5), 2-(4-\nchloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25C-NBOMe;\n2C-C-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82), and 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-\nmethoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25B-NBOMe; 2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36)\n[hereinafter 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe]. This action is based\non a finding by the Deputy Administrator that the placement of these\nsynthetic phenethylamines into Schedule I of the CSA is necessary to\navoid an imminent hazard to the public safety. Any final order will be\npublished in the Federal Register and may not be issued prior to\nNovember 12, 2013. Any final order will impose the administrative,\ncivil, and criminal sanctions and regulatory controls applicable to\nSchedule I substances under the CSA on the manufacture, distribution,\npossession, importation, exportation, research, and conduct of\ninstructional activities of these synthetic phenethylamines.\nFOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ruth A. Carter, Chief, Policy\nEvaluation and Analysis Section, Office of Diversion Control, Drug\nEnforcement Administration; Mailing Address: 8701 Morrissette Drive,\nSpringfield, Virginia 22152, Telephone (202) 598-6812.\nSection 201 of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811, provides the Attorney\nGeneral with the authority to temporarily place a substance into\nSchedule I of the CSA for two years without regard to the requirements\nof 21 U.S.C. 811(b) if he finds that such action is necessary to avoid\nimminent hazard to the public safety. 21 U.S.C. 811(h). In addition, if\nproceedings to control a substance are initiated under 21 U.S.C.\n811(a)(1), the Attorney General may extend the temporary scheduling for\nup to one year. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(2).\nWhere the necessary findings are made, a substance may be\ntemporarily scheduled if it is not listed in any other schedule under\nsection 202 of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 812, or if there is no exemption or\napproval in effect under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and\nCosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U.S.C. 355, for the substance. 21 U.S.C.\n811(h)(1). The Attorney General has delegated his authority under 21\nU.S.C. 811 to the Administrator of the DEA, who in turn has delegated\nher authority to the Deputy Administrator of the DEA. 28 CFR 0.100,\n0.104.\nSection 201(h)(4) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4), requires the\nDeputy Administrator to notify the Secretary of the Department of\nHealth and Human Services (HHS) of his intention to temporarily place a\nsubstance into Schedule I of the CSA.\\1\\ As 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and\n25B-NBOMe are not currently listed in any schedule under the CSA, the\nDEA believes that the conditions of 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1) have been\nsatisfied. Any comments submitted by the Assistant Secretary in\nresponse to this notification shall be taken into consideration before\na final order is published. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4).\n\\1\\ Because the Secretary of the HHS has delegated to the\nAssistant Secretary for Health of the HHS the authority to make\ndomestic drug scheduling recommendations, for purposes of this\nNotice of Intent, all subsequent references to ``Secretary'' have\nbeen replaced with ``Assistant Secretary.'' As set forth in a\nmemorandum of understanding entered into by HHS, the Food and Drug\nAdministration (FDA), and the National Institute on Drug Abuse\n(NIDA), FDA acts as the lead agency within HHS in carrying out the\nAssistant Secretary's scheduling responsibilities under the CSA,\nwith the concurrence of NIDA. 50 FR 9518, Mar. 8, 1985.\nTo make a finding that placing a substance temporarily into\nSchedule I of the CSA is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to the\npublic safety, the Deputy Administrator is required to consider three\nof the eight factors set forth in section 201(c) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C.\n811(c): The substance's history and current pattern of abuse; the\nscope, duration and significance of abuse; and what, if any, risk there\nis to the public health. 21 U.S.C. 811(c)(4)-(6). Consideration of\nthese factors includes actual abuse, diversion from legitimate\nchannels, and clandestine importation, manufacture, or distribution. 21\nU.S.C. 811(h)(3).\nA substance meeting the statutory requirements for temporary\nscheduling may only be placed in Schedule I. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1).\nSubstances in Schedule I are those that have a high potential for\nabuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United\nStates, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical\nsupervision. 21 U.S.C. 812(b)(1). Available data and information for\n25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe indicate that these three synthetic\nphenethylamines have a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted\nmedical use in treatment in the United States, and a lack of accepted\nsafety for use under medical supervision.\nSynthetic Phenethylamines\nThe 2-methoxybenzyl series of 2C phenethylamine substances, such as\n25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe, has been developed over the last\n10 years for use in mapping and investigating the serotonin receptors\nin the mammalian brain. 25I-NBOMe and 25B-NBOMe were first described by\nlegitimate research laboratories in 2003. Subsequent studies involving\nthese two substances appeared in the scientific literature starting in\n2006. 25C-NBOMe first appeared in the scientific literature in 2011. No\napproved medical use has been identified for these synthetic\nphenethylamines, nor have they been approved by the FDA for human\nconsumption. Synthetic 2C phenethylamine substances, of which 25I-\nNBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe are representative, are so-termed for\nthe two-carbon ethylene\ngroup between the phenyl ring and the amino group of the phenethylamine\nand are substituted with methoxy groups at the 2 and 5 positions of the\nphenyl ring. Numerous blotter papers and food items have been analyzed,\nand combinations of one or more of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe\nhave been identified as adulterants. Bulk quantities of these\nsubstances have been encountered as powders and liquid solutions.\nFrom November 2011 through June 2013, according to the System to\nRetrieve Information from Drug Evidence \\2\\ (STRIDE) data, there are 54\nexhibits involving 27 cases for 25I-NBOMe; 27 exhibits involving 12\ncases for 25C-NBOMe; and 3 exhibits involving 3 cases for 25B-NBOMe.\nFrom June 2011 through March 2013, the National Forensic Laboratory\nInformation System \\3\\ (NFLIS) registered 689 reports containing these\nsynthetic phenethylamines (25I-NBOMe-582 reports; 25C-NBOMe-94 reports;\n25B-NBOMe-13 reports) across 33 states. No instances involving 25I-\nNBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, or 25B-NBOMe were reported in NFLIS prior to June\n\\2\\ STRIDE includes data on analyzed samples from DEA\nlaboratories.\n\\3\\ NFLIS is a database that collects scientifically verified\ndata on analyzed samples in state and local forensic laboratories.\nFactor 4. History and Current Pattern of Abuse\nOne or more 2-methoxybenzyl analogues of the 2C compounds described\nhere have been available over the Internet since 2010. The first\nidentified domestic law enforcement encounter with 25I-NBOMe occurred\nin June 2011 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.\nInformation from published studies and law enforcement reports,\nsupplemented with discussions on Internet Web sites and personal\ncommunications, document abuse of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe\nby nasal insufflation of powders, intravenous injection or nasal\nabsorption of liquid solutions, sublingual or buccal administration of\nblotter papers, and consumption of food items laced with these\nsubstances. These sources also report that 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and\n25B-NBOMe are often purported to be Schedule I hallucinogens like\nlysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Reports document that the abuse of\nthese substances can cause severe toxic reactions, including death.\nAccording to United States Customs and Border Protection data, bulk\nquantities of powdered 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe have been\nseized from shipments originating overseas, particularly from Asia.\nGiven the relatively small quantity of these substances predicted to\nproduce a hallucinogenic effect in humans, single seizures of these\nsubstances are capable of producing hundreds of thousands to millions\nof dosage units. Large seizures of these substances prepared on blotter\npapers have also been reported. Abuse of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-\nNBOMe has been characterized with acute public health and safety issues\ndomestically and abroad. In response, a number of states and foreign\ngovernments have controlled these substances.\nFactor 5. Scope, Duration and Significance of Abuse\nAccording to forensic laboratory reports, the first law enforcement\nencounter with 25I-NBOMe in the United States occurred in June 2011.\nAccording to NFLIS, 689 exhibits involving 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and\n25B-NBOMe were submitted to forensic laboratories between June 2011 and\nMarch 2013 from a number of states including Alabama, Arkansas,\nCalifornia, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Indiana,\nIllinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota,\nMissouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota,\nNebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina,\nTennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The number of\nreports submitted to NFLIS involving 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-\nNBOMe has increased in each of the last five quarters where data is\navailable. According to STRIDE, there are 84 records that identify 25I-\nNBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe in evidence submitted to DEA\nlaboratories between November 2011 and June 2013.\nFactor 6. What, if Any, Risk There Is to the Public Health\nIn 2012 and 2013, emergency department physicians and toxicologists\npublished and presented numerous case reports of patients treated for\nexposure to 25I-NBOMe. The adverse health effects reported include\ntachycardia, hypertension, agitation, aggression, visual and auditory\nhallucinations, seizures, hyperpyrexia, clonus, elevated white cell\ncount, elevated creatine kinase, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis,\nand acute kidney injury.\nMedical examiner and postmortem toxicology reports from 11 states\nimplicate some combination of 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe in\nthe death of at least 14 individuals. These reports suggest that 11\nindividuals died of acute toxicity, and 3 individuals died of\nunpredictable or violent behavior due to 25I-NBOMe toxicity. 25I-NBOMe,\n25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe have each been detected in postmortem blood\ntoxicology for cases of acute toxicity.\nSince abusers obtain these drugs through unknown sources, the\nidentity, purity, and quantity of these substances is uncertain and\ninconsistent, thus posing significant adverse health risks to users.\nThere are no recognized therapeutic uses of these substances in the\nUnited States and possible deadly drug interactions between 25I-NBOMe\nand FDA approved medications have been noted.\nFinding of Necessity of Schedule I Placement To Avoid Imminent Hazard\nto Public Safety\nBased on the above data and information, the continued uncontrolled\nmanufacture, distribution, importation, exportation, and abuse of 25I-\nNBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe pose an imminent hazard to the public\nsafety. The DEA is not aware of any currently accepted medical uses for\nthese synthetic phenethylamines in the United States. A substance\nmeeting the statutory requirements for temporary scheduling, 21 U.S.C.\n811(h)(1), may only be placed in Schedule I. Substances in Schedule I\nare those that have a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted\nsafety for use under medical supervision. Available data and\ninformation for 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe indicate that these\nthree synthetic phenethylamines have a high potential for abuse, no\ncurrently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a\nlack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. As required\nby section 201(h)(4) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), the Deputy\nAdministrator through a letter dated September 3, 2013, notified the\nAssistant Secretary of the intention to temporarily place these three\nsynthetic phenethylamines in Schedule I.\nThis notice of intent initiates an expedited temporary scheduling\naction and provides the 30-day notice pursuant to section 201(h) of the\nCSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h). In accordance with the provisions of section\n201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), the Deputy Administrator\nconsidered available data and information, herein set forth the grounds\nfor his determination that it is\nnecessary to temporarily schedule three synthetic phenethylamines, 2-\n(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25I-NBOMe;\n2C-I-NBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5), 2-(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-\nmethoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25C-NBOMe; 2C-C-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82) and 2-\n(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (25B-NBOMe;\n2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36), in Schedule I of the CSA, and finds that\nplacement of these synthetic phenethylamines into Schedule I of the CSA\nis warranted in order to avoid an imminent hazard to the public safety.\nBecause the Deputy Administrator hereby finds that it is necessary\nto temporarily place these synthetic phenethylamines into Schedule I to\navoid an imminent hazard to the public safety, any subsequent final\norder temporarily scheduling these substances will be effective on the\ndate of publication in the Federal Register, and will be in effect for\na period of two years, with a possible extension of one additional\nyear, pending completion of the permanent or regular scheduling\nprocess. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1) and (2). It is the intention of the Deputy\nAdministrator to issue such a final order as soon as possible after the\nexpiration of 30 days from the date of publication of this notice. 25I-\nNBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25B-NBOMe will then be subject to the regulatory\ncontrols and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable\nto the manufacture, distribution, possession, importation, exportation,\nresearch, and conduct of instructional activities of a Schedule I\ncontrolled substance under the CSA.\nThe CSA sets forth specific criteria for scheduling a drug or other\nsubstance. Regular scheduling actions in accordance with 21 U.S.C.\n811(a) are subject to formal rulemaking procedures done ``on the record\nafter opportunity for a hearing'' conducted pursuant to the provisions\nof 5 U.S.C. 556 and 557. 21 U.S.C. 811. The regular scheduling process\nof formal rulemaking affords interested parties with appropriate\nprocess and the government with any additional relevant information\nneeded to make a determination. Final decisions that conclude the\nregular scheduling process of formal rulemaking are subject to judicial\nreview. 21 U.S.C. 877. Temporary scheduling orders are not subject to\njudicial review. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(6).\nSection 201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), provides for an\nexpedited temporary scheduling action where such action is necessary to\navoid an imminent hazard to the public safety. As provided in this\nsubsection, the Attorney General may, by order, schedule a substance in\nSchedule I on a temporary basis. Such an order may not be issued before\nthe expiration of 30 days from (1) the publication of a notice in the\nFederal Register of the intention to issue such order and the grounds\nupon which such order is to be issued, and (2) the date that notice of\na proposed temporary scheduling order is transmitted to the Assistant\nSecretary of HHS. 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1).\nInasmuch as section 201(h) of the CSA directs that temporary\nscheduling actions be issued by order and sets forth the procedures by\nwhich such orders are to be issued, the DEA believes that the notice\nand comment requirements of section 553 of the Administrative Procedure\nAct (APA), 5 U.S.C. 553, do not apply to this notice of intent. In the\nalternative, even assuming that this notice of intent might be subject\nto section 553 of the APA, the Deputy Administrator finds that there is\ngood cause to forgo the notice and comment requirements of section 553,\nas any further delays in the process for issuance of temporary\nscheduling orders would be impracticable and contrary to the public\ninterest in view of the manifest urgency to avoid an imminent hazard to\nthe public safety.\nAlthough the DEA believes this notice of intent to issue a\ntemporary scheduling order is not subject to the notice and comment\nrequirements of section 553 of the APA, the DEA notes that in\naccordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4), the Deputy Administrator will be\ntaking into consideration any comments submitted by the Assistant\nSecretary with regard to the proposed temporary scheduling order.\nFurther, the DEA believes that this temporary scheduling action is\nnot a ``rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 601(2), and, accordingly, is not\nsubject to the requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA).\nThe requirements for the preparation of an initial regulatory\nflexibility analysis in 5 U.S.C. 603(a) are not applicable where, as\nhere, the DEA is not required by section 553 of the APA or any other\nlaw to publish a general notice of proposed rulemaking.\nAdditionally, this action is not a significant regulatory action as\ndefined by Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review),\nsection 3(f), and, accordingly, this action has not been reviewed by\nthe Office of Management and Budget (OMB).\nThis action will not have substantial direct effects on the States,\non the relationship between the national government and the States, or\non the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various\nlevels of government. Therefore, in accordance with Executive Order\n13132 (Federalism) it is determined that this action does not have\nsufficient federalism implications to warrant the preparation of a\nFederalism Assessment.\nList of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308\nAdministrative practice and procedure, Drug traffic control,\nReporting and recordkeeping requirements.\nUnder the authority vested in the Attorney General by section\n201(h) of the CSA, 21 U.S.C. 811(h), and delegated to the Deputy\nAdministrator of the DEA by Department of Justice regulations (28 CFR\n0.100, Appendix to Subpart R), the Deputy Administrator hereby intends\nto order that 21 CFR Part 1308 be amended as follows:\nPART 1308--SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES\n1. The authority citation for Part 1308 continues to read as follows:\nAuthority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b), unless otherwise noted.\n2. Section 1308.11 is amended by adding new paragraphs (h)(12), (13),\nand (14) to read as follows:\nSec.  1308.11  Schedule I.\n(h) * * *\n(12) 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine,\nits optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of\nisomers--7538 (Other names: 25I-NBOMe; 2C-I-NBOMe; 25I; Cimbi-5)\n(13) 2-(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-\nmethoxybenzyl)ethanamine, its optical, positional, and geometric\nisomers, salts and salts of isomers--7537 (Other names: 25C-NBOMe; 2C-\nC-NBOMe; 25C; Cimbi-82)\n(14) 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine,\nisomers--7536 (Other names: 25B-NBOMe; 2C-B-NBOMe; 25B; Cimbi-36)\nDated: October 4, 2013.\nThomas M. Harrigan,\nDeputy Administrator.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line875358"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6016978025436401,"wiki_prob":0.6016978025436401,"text":"43.3% of adults in Michigan face elevated coronavirus risks\nby The Center Square\nMichael Samsky, Detroit Stock City\nAbout 43.3 percent of Michigan adults are considered at risk of coronavirus complications due to age or pre-existing medical conditions, the 18th highest share among the 50 states, according to a study released March 17 by the website 24/7 Wall St.\nThe share of adults over age 60 out of the total at-risk adult population is 72.5 percent, the 24/7 Wall St. report said. The share of adults age 18 to 60 who are at risk is 17.3 percent.\nThe source of the data used in the study was the nonprofit policy group Kaiser Family Foundation. The number of fatalities related to coronavirus in the United States could eventually be as high as 1.7 million, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, although the vast majority of those infected will not endure serious ailments.\nAbout 105.5 million American adults age 18 and older, or 41 percent, face an elevated risk of serious illness if they contract the COVID-19 virus, Wall St. 24/7 reports. And among those at-risk adults, 5.7 million lack health insurance, according to the analysis.\nStay on top of Detroit news and views. Sign up for our weekly issue newsletter delivered each Wednesday.\nNews Hits coronavirus Michigan COVID-19 health care\nSteve Neavling\nMichigan's coronavirus death toll reaches 60, with 564 new positive cases\nby Steve Neavling | Mar 26, 2020\nCourtesy Of The Office Of The Governor\nCoronavirus outbreak to get much worse before it gets better, Michigan officials warn\nWayne County Sheriff's Office commander dies from coronavirus","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line304375"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6826862692832947,"wiki_prob":0.6826862692832947,"text":"Biography of Father Matvey Gudaitis\nBorn into a peasant family in Nendrin (Lithuania) in 1873. Graduated from Theological Seminary and was ordained in 1897. From 1912 he served at Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary parish in Yalta; from 1913, he was the parish administrator. From 1919, when the Whites were in power in Crimea, he worked as secretary of the Lithuanian colony and later served at St. Klemens Church in Sevastopol. Also engaged in the distribution to priests and laity of material assistance received from abroad through the Polish Red Cross. He also received material assistance from Bishop Neveu, but he himself was all the while desperately poor, which is evident later in the investigatory documents where he is noted as “emaciated.” December 26, 1935 – arrested in a case against Catholic clergy and laity (Frison et al.). July 28, 1936 – presented with the indictment – which he did not sign. March 11-17, 1937 – a closed trial at which he was sentenced under Articles 58-4 and 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to ten years in corrective labor camps with loss of rights for five years [Special Collegium, Supreme Ct., Crimean ASSR]. Sent to a camp (at age sixty-four). Fate thereafter unknown. Source: Sokolovskyi, pp. 54-55\nGudaitis, Matvey; Gudaĭtis, Matveĭ Matveevich\nNendrin (Lithuania); I︠A︡lta (Ukraine); Sevastopolʹ (Ukraine)\nmale; clergy and religious; fate unknown","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1171535"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5681669116020203,"wiki_prob":0.5681669116020203,"text":"CENTER STAGE(director: Nicholas Hytner; screenwriter: Carol Heikkinen; cinematographer: Geoffrey Simpson; editor: Tariq Anwar; cast: Amanda Schull (Jody), Zoe Saldana (Eva), Susan May Pratt (Maureen), Peter Gallagher (Jonathan Reeves), Donna Murphy (Juliette Simone), Debra Monk (Maureen’s manipulative mother), Sascha Radetsky (Charlie), Eion Bailey (Jim), Shakiem Evans (Erik), Ethan Stiefel (Cooper), Christine Dunham (Audition Teacher), Karen Shallo (Mother at Audition), Laura Hicks (Nervous Mother), Elizabeth Hubbard (Joan Miller), Ilia Kulik (Sergei), Julie Kent (Kathleen); Runtime: 113; Columbia Pictures; 2000)\n“The aim of the film was to be entertaining, the art part it dumbed down for mass consumption.”\nThis is a backstage drama of talented young dance students trying to be somebody, knowing that only a handful of them will achieve success in their chosen field. They try out for a fictional American Ballet Academy in NYC, hoping to be chosen for a coveted spot in their prestigious workshop program. If successful, three females and three males will be chosen for a dancing spot in the elite American Ballet Company.\nThe story is bogged down with clichés and cardboard characters, while the ballet dancing is the thing of beauty in this film. Most of the dancers are professionals of the highest standards and it shows by their excellent performance. One of them, the film’s star, Cooper (Ethan Stiefel), is recognized by most in the field as the best in the world. The framework of the story is the same formula seen in almost every Hollywood sports film, as the art of dancing is only paid lip service to. In fact, if this film wasn’t about ballet dancers, it could have been about chorus dancers or football players, and the same trite tale could have been woven. Which shows you how much art mattered. The best reason for seeing the film is that the dancing is alive and pulsating, choreographed by the likes of Balanchine, Susan Stroman and Christopher Wheeldon, as well as Ivanov and MacMillan. But if you want to see a quality ballet film with a real love story and with the pangs of what it means to be an artist, then your best bet is “The Red Shoes(48).”\nThe story follows a group of these young ballet students emphasizing their aspirations, their emotional problems, and their athletic stamina to take the rigors of their difficult work. The film is hip to ballet dancers, letting us in on the secret that many of the male dancers are gay and that a straight dancer is much welcomed by the ladies. Many of the dancers smoke a lot in the hopes of killing their appetite, as weight is something they are all concerned about. And, the film makes a point of showing how it becomes apparent that they can be easily devastated by criticism. They also gossip a lot, as well as compete hard to get a starring role, and are unduly jealous of another’s success.\nAll the film characters are made of stock types: the tough teacher who really cares; the unsophisticated who experiences rejection in love and harsh criticism from her teacher, but overcomes these embarrassments; the overeater who gets bounced from the academy for lack of self-control; the surly rebel who learns that it is sometimes necessary to conform; and, the bulimic with the pushy mother, who confronts her mother at last. It is was too much effort to be following all their predictable stories, especially when you know everything is going to be tied up in a nice pink ribbon by the end.\nThe main story deals with a nervously driven student and the best dancer in the world, and how they relate to each other. Jody (Amanda) is the dancing student whose parents would rather she were a freshman in college than dancing in NYC, and can’t share the joy she has in being accepted to the ABA. Cooper is the star of the ballet company whose ballerina girlfriend Kathleen married Jonathan (Peter Gallagher), the company’s head. On the rebound, he picks up the pretty but insecure Jody and takes advantage of her by taking her to bed and then fluffing her off. But he also gives her a big break and puts her into the new radical ballet he is creating as the guest choreographer for the students’ illustrious final exam, a workshop performance before a live audience. This gives her a chance to be recognized by all the directors of the major professional ballet troupes attending the performance.\nThe minor stories were about Sergei (Ilia Kulik, real-life Russian figure skater), a Russian dancer separated by distance from his ballerina girlfriend, who out of loneliness picks up a girl in a disco spot by saying he is in the Russian Mafia because when he tells other girls he meets that he’s in the ballet, they only laugh at him. Sascha Radetsky is Charlie, the engaging student dancer from the West Coast, who is the nice boy Jody eventually becomes involved with. Zoe Saldana is Eva Rodriguez, a black Hispanic with an attitude problem, who is a great dancer but must learn obedience. Eva sasses her teacher (Donna Murphy), comes late to class, chews gum in class, but loves to dance. And then there is Maureen (Pratt), who has been pushed into dance by her overbearing mother. Maureen is considered by the company to have the best technique but no heart in her dancing. Maureen reluctantly meets a college student studying medicine and goes against her mother’s wishes by dating him.\nThis film reminded me a lot of Hollywood’s ode to lowbrow culture “Band Wagon,” which was much more entertaining and had a much superior script.\nIn Center Stage there was plenty of dancing at rehearsals and it had two big ballet numbers. The aim of the film was to be entertaining, the art part it dumbed down for mass consumption. What it comes down to is that the soap opera story didn’t completely take away from the dance. Some sparkle could be detected in the eyes of the students when they were dancing.\n24TH, THE\nHIDEOUS KINKY","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line23047"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7108131051063538,"wiki_prob":0.28918689489364624,"text":"Alternatives to School\nWelcome to the World of Self-Directed Education\nThe Case Against Forced Schooling ▾\nHow Children Learn\nHow Forced Schooling Harms Children\nBenefits of Self-Directed Learning\nSelf-Directed Alternatives ▾\nHome-Based Learning\nLists of Democratic Schools, Co-ops and Resource Centers\nCan’t Find What You Need in Your Community?\nFor Students Who Feel Trapped\nWhat About College?\nA Vision for the Future\nGENERAL QUESTIONS ABOUT SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING:\nIs there any evidence to support your assertions regarding standard schooling vs. self-directed learning?\nIs self-directed learning for everyone?\nHow do various “progressive” types of schools (following such approaches as Montessori, Waldorf, Reggio Emilia, or project-based learning) compare with what you are advocating? Aren't they proven models of the same thing?\nIs self-directed learning the same thing as “unschooling\"?\nIs self-directed learning incompatible with instruction?\nWill there still be a role for teachers and other adults?\nIf children learning to walk and talk and do many other things on their own is proof that humans are hard-wired to learn, without being coerced or even taught, why hasn’t this led to a society in which all adults know calculus and speak multiple languages? Don’t we need teachers to introduce us to new material and instruct us in its application?\nI was forced to learn some things that I only later found useful; shouldn't we require students to study certain subjects, so they won't be at a disadvantage should they need the information sometime in the future?\nWhy do you think kids will “naturally” learn what they will need to know to succeed as adults, without lots of adult guidance?\nIsn’t all of this talk about “learning through play” merely feeding into the mythology that all of life should be fun and games, as well as into the sense of entitlement that pervades youth culture today? Sometimes you can’t escape the fact that much of learning – like adult work, and life in general – is simply grind-it-out hard work, right?\nWhat’s so bad about children being bored at school? It prepares them for life and work in the real world.\nThere is no doubt that people learn better when they are “self-motivated,” but if motivation was all it took, everyone would have six-pack abs and an almost complete absence of fat tissue. Some things are hard, including math and science beyond a certain point, and some external motivation is required by a lot of people. Right?\nHow can we ensure that all of our young people learn the three Rs (reading, writing and arithmetic)?\nSome unschooled children still can’t read at age 10; isn’t that a concern?\nHow are we going to ensure that children following this approach learn everything else that adults “should” know, in order to be effective citizens and compete in the workplace?\nIs all testing of children a bad idea?\nHow does the decision to pursue self-directed learning affect family relationships?\nQUESTIONS ABOUT TRANSFORMING THE EDUCATION SYSTEM:\nWhat would a better educational system look like?\nWhat is this site’s position on public education?\nWhy are you opposed to schools (except the ones known as “democratic schools”)?\nHow do we know that self-directed education isn’t just the latest craze and that its current supporters will come up with a different cure-all a few years down the road?\nWhy do we need to transform rather than just reform schools?\nI had some really good teachers that inspired and guided my learning; doesn’t that indicate that we just need to invest in bringing more such teachers into our current schools?\nIf schools are as bad as you say they are, why do we have so many brilliant young people coming out of them, leading the world in such areas as technological innovation, science and business?\nIf more and more parents allow their children to direct their own education outside of a regular school, won't that leave the public schools to the most marginalized groups in our society?\nMany children from poor families have managed to escape poverty because their parents emphasized education and studying hard. The approach advocated on this site is the complete opposite. How can you say it is better?\nIt would seem that the population of a school such as Sudbury Valley is a self-selected one and unlikely to represent a cross-section of society in terms of race, ethnicity, economic level, etc. What makes you think this self-directed approach would work as well for minorities and working-class kids?\nCan’t we fix schools by reducing class sizes, increasing funding, hiring better teachers, improving the nutritional intake of low-income kids, and getting parents to instill better educational values in their children?\nCan change come from within the system?\nWon’t the power of the Internet force the changes you are advocating?\nCan we change a system that has been increasingly entrenched for 150 years?\nI want to be part of this movement. What can I do?\nQUESTIONS ABOUT DEMOCRATIC SCHOOLS AND RESOURCE CENTERS FOR SELF-DIRECTED LEARNERS:\nWhat are democratic schools?\nAre self-directed learning places less expensive to operate than traditional schools? Why, and by how much?\nQUESTIONS ABOUT HOME-BASED SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING:\nPlease refer to this comprehensive list of questions and answers about this popular alternative.\nIs self-directed learning the same thing as “unschooling?\n“Unschooling” is a term commonly used to describe self-directed learning based in the home. Unschooling parents allow their children to learn with as little coercion as possible – the children get to decide for themselves how they will explore, make sense of, and act upon the world. However, there is a broad spectrum in terms of how much freedom is granted to the children and how much initiating/directing the parents do, with some parents using a hybrid approach that falls somewhere between homeschooling and unschooling. Back To Questions\nA fully democratic school is one where students are trusted to take responsibility for their own lives and learning, and also for the school community. At such a school, students choose their own activities, including what, when, how and with whom to learn, play and generally spend each day. If courses are offered, students are free to take them or not, although they may be expected to complete a series of classes to which they have commited. They may even request instruction from the staff; however, adult staff members at a democratic school are there to help, not direct. The staff members teach, in the broad sense of the term, but so do students. The staff members at a democratic school are usually not called “teachers,” because there is recognition that students commonly learn more from one another—as they play, explore, socialize and work together in age-mixed groups—than they do from the adults. Many democratic schools are also administrated democratically, usually through weekly School Meetings at which each student and staff member has one vote, although attendance is generally not required. Back To Questions\nYes. Please refer to the section, How Children Learn Back To Questions\nPlease refer to our Join the Movement section. You may also wish to support this web site’s future information-gathering and awareness-raising efforts with a donation here. Back To Questions\nThat is an important concern—although many marginalized families are also finding ways to help their children learn outside of traditional schooling. But hopefully this site will inspire people to foster freedom-based learning not just for their children, but for all young people. It is also a given that young people need safe, nurturing and resource-abundant environments in order to thrive, and in order for this to happen, our society needs to ensure that marginalized groups have access to such environments. But the answer lies not in perpetuating an inferior system but in redirecting resources (whether in the form of tuition or taxes) toward creating a far better system in its place. Furthermore, self-directed learning (in a democratic school or community resource center) is far more cost-efficient than standard schools. Back To Questions\nThere are a lot of vested interests in preserving the status quo, and a change of this magnitude cannot be done gradually within a school or school system. The change requires a paradigm shift, from one in which external authority figures are in charge of the educational process to one in which each student is truly in charge of his or her own education. The underlying beliefs about how children learn best are fundamentally at odds. As long as someone else sets a curriculum, no matter how many choices they offer within that curriculum, students will see it as someone else’s job, rather than theirs, to decide what to learn, and when and how to learn it. And as long as someone else is evaluating students' progress, no matter how they do so, students will see that their job is to meet someone else’s expectations, rather than to establish and meet their own expectations. You also can't expect to eliminate evaluation gradually, one course at a time. Suppose you introduce into the curriculum one course in which students will not be graded. What you will find is that most students won't do anything in that course, even if they want to, because they have grown dependent upon the reward of a grade. In a system where other courses are graded, the ungraded course is understood to be irrelevant. How can a good student justify devoting time to a course that is not graded if other courses are? In order to change that mindset, the whole system has to change. Back To Questions\nAs explained in the How Children Learn section, the United States has a long history of philosophical and practical resistance to coercive schooling. Ever since Bronson Alcott, the father of Louisa May Alcott \"Little Women,\" etc.) refused to send his daughters to school and chose to homeschool them, there have been resisters. In the United States, there has been a near-continuous line of school critics who have espoused the benefits of play, self-directed learning, multi-year and even inter-generational mixing of learners, immersion in the culture during education, and self-generated exploration. John Dewey, Maria Montessori, Rudolf Steiner (Waldorf Schools), Pestolozzi (the father of modern kindergarten), John Holt, Paul Goodman, and all of those who created The Eight Year Report in the period between World Wars I and II, are among literally hundreds of others who have all made the case for putting students more in charge of their own learning. AlternativesToSchool.com is standing on the shoulders of giants and continuing a long-standing critique that we hope will turn into a large-scale movement for all. Back To Questions\nBecause many people have (with their own eyes) seen it happen again and again and this has been backed up by studies; because, historically, this has been the way that people learned most of what they knew for thousands of years; and because so many of the people we revere in our culture today have succeeded largely by pursuing their passions. Using the language of our legal system, we believe that schools are based on the assumption that young people are born guilty of the crime of ignorance and must “serve time” until they attain the age of 16 or 18. In fact, just the opposite is true: babies and toddlers are brilliant young scientists that learn at a rate never to be equaled, which is how they develop language, motor control, social awareness and so many other life skills in such a remarkably short period of time. Of course, they benefit from the support and input of others—adults and older youths. But the key ingredient is that they are in charge of their own learning. They seek out the answers to questions that they themselves have posed, not the ones that adults have told them they are supposed to ask. Theirs is a nature-perfect process. (Of course, there are the statistically rare exceptions, such as the mentally challenged, or those who possess certain forms of autism, etc., who need and deserve extra support. But even these young people are being seen in a different light these days, with some of their so-called handicaps masking special capabilities and talents.) In short, childhood used to be seen as an opportunity. Now it is being treated as a problem to be overcome. We think this is tragic, and the statistics on the number of youths now on drugs for “learning disabilities,” the number who are committing violent crimes and committing suicide, the number who report a distressingly low happiness quotient in their life generally, are indicators that the way we are treating our children must be seriously challenged. Back To Questions\nThis site makes a case against schools, but to be precise, it is actually the process of schooling that is the problem, rather than the school per se. Schooling in this case refers to compelling people, using a system of reward and punishment, to study a curriculum that has been designed by authority figures, and to do so on a schedule irrespective of the developmental nature of the individual student. No one is opposed to instruction from a caring and knowledgeable source that has been invited by the recipient. If schools acted more like libraries, or the Internet, or chosen mentors—all of which say, in effect, “We have lots to share; come and take what you want”—there would be no need for the fundamental shift for which this site is advocating. On the title page of his first book, \"How Children Fail,\" written 60 years ago, John Holt quoted his colleague Bill Hull as saying, “If we taught children to speak, they’d never learn.” (Italics added for emphasis.) We believe that the failure of forced schooling is largely because we are trying to do just that—teach what would otherwise be learned naturally. Back To Questions\nThe Internet will make some changes more practical, and it already has contributed to the sense of empowerment of many people with regard to taking charge of their own learning. However, many people see the Internet primarily (or even exclusively) as a more convenient encyclopedia—a place to “look stuff up,” to better fulfill school assignments such as research papers and book reports, and generally keep up with the times technologically—all while continuing to assume that it is still the school that should be telling youths what to learn and when to learn it. Even if you replace a push mower with a lawn tractor, you are still just mowing the lawn; more efficiently, perhaps, but still performing the same basic task. Back To Questions\nThere is no doubt that there are many such youths in America. Some of these school graduates will even identify certain courses or instructors as being major contributors to, if not instigators of, their personal success. (“I would like to thank Mrs. Wilson, my eighth-grade English teacher, who told me I could be a great writer if I put my mind to it. She inspired me to write, write, write, and to read the works of great authors, and that made all the difference.”) In general, however, the position expressed by the poet William Blake holds true: if a blighted tree bears fruit, never let it be said that it was the blight that produced the fruit. Many of our great inventors and leaders were successful in spite of their schooling, or at least outside of their schooling. They invented their breakthrough hardware in their garage at home; they failed most of their coursework and graduated only because the school didn’t want them around anymore—or they were simply ho-hum students who showed no promise at the time. Something else was in play that led them to greatness—a parent, an uncle, a passion for animals or programming or music. Whatever it was, it was not what we have identified as the problem of schooling. They may have picked up some bits of useful information along the way, or even been introduced to a topic that later became their area of greatest interest. But these benefits for a few fortunate individuals do not justify the stultifying impact of schooling on the vast majority of students. Back To Questions\nFirst, we must be careful to distinguish between the original intentions of the founders of any educational philosophy (e.g., Montessori, Waldorf, Reggio Emilia) and the variations in interpretation and practice of its followers. A visit to any two Montessori schools, for example, will reveal differing interpretations with often significantly differing outcomes. Given the variations in human personalities, how could one expect otherwise? Hence, to generalize about what one would experience in any particular school that has, say, Montessori or Waldorf in its name is somewhat risky. That said, some of the basic attributes of each of these three philosophies, as well as the kind of \"project-based\" curricula of other school programs, are universally consistent and aligned with self-directed learning as it is defined on this site. Many children find their methods and materials useful for learning key concepts. In addition, there is some freedom of choice granted to the students. However, in the last analysis, the adults are still basically in charge of schedules, of the options that are available (as in the creation of Montessori's \"prepared environment\", with its specially designed materials, or Waldorf's highly selective choice of what is, and is not, permitted for use), the music to be taught, etc. There is not the overall basic sense of openness and freedom of choice that exists in the self-directed learning life, where the school, community or family as a whole set the boundaries and enforce the rules. Similarly, a certain method of learning is imposed on all of the youngsters (some of the children in a Montessori classroom can’t choose to follow the Waldorf way, or vice versa). As thoughtfully designed as any such approach might be, it is still relatively inflexible from the students’ perspective. This is how John Holt described the difference between the Open Classrooms that were once tried in American public schools—designed to incorporate many of the same principles as these other options—and traditional classrooms: In traditional classrooms, children were shown the hoops that they were expected to jump through; in the Open Classrooms, they hid the hoops behind a curtain. So even though it was unspoken, students nevertheless knew there was an agenda they were expected to follow. They were not as \"free\" as the teacher had suggested they were. In the same way, there is far less room for true experimentation and exploration in a classroom that, by its design, has its own agenda. For those who value these opportunities, schools with such defined curricula and methods are likely to be too confining--for both the youth and the parent. The best option is for people to arm themselves with information and then go see the different approaches for themselves. When that is not practical, they can at least watch videos and talk to people with experience. Back To Questions\nNo. It is uninvited instruction that is most problematic. (Invited instruction, if it is no good, can also be problematic.) In general, it is fine for a self-directed learner to ask for, and receive, instruction. It’s one thing for your child to point to something and ask what you call it; it is quite another for you to go around the house (and the rest of the planet) pointing to things and calling out their “names.” Back To Questions\nYes, certainly. There always has been, and shall likely always continue to be, a role for adults who want to assist self-directed learners with their education. People of every age know the value of finding someone else who knows what you want to learn, or who can help you figure out how to learn it—whether that means how to write a compelling story, change a flat tire, conduct a scientific experiment, play a flute, cook a soufflé, direct a play, measure the angle of a ramp, or calculate the arc of a doorway. What changes is the nature of the relationship between “teacher” and “learner.” Gone are the power struggles, the uninvited instruction, the forced curriculum. If you want to be an Olympics-level performer (whether in sports or elsewhere) and you determine that only the strictest instructor can help you get there, you will accept his/her demands because you want the desired result. The more responsive to the specific needs—intellectual, emotional, etc.—of the learner the teacher is, the more likely he/she will have a fulfilling role in the lives of self-directed learners. Back To Questions\nThere is a technical distinction between human learning and human development. (For a more complete discussion, see Furth and Wachs, Thinking Goes To School, 1975, Oxford U. Press.) You can learn something without actually understanding what it means or how to use it (see examples below). Whereas, simply put, development refers to the full integration of a body of knowledge and its application, like an ability that can be applied in a wide variety of circumstances. Hence, we don’t actually learn how to walk—we develop the ability to walk; and once we develop walking, we can pretty much walk anywhere. Similarly, babies develop language. They understand the concept—that certain sounds have specific meaning that can be communicated to other individuals—well before they learn what those sounds (words) actually are. We may teach a child any number of words—in fact, this is usually quite helpful. For example, a toddler says “abble,” and the parent says, “Yes! Apple!!” In this case, the child has “learned” that the name of the fruit is apple and yet is still in the process of “developing” the ability to say “apple” instead of “abble”. So why don’t people learn calculus naturally? Because most of us do not develop the underlying schemas needed to make sense of the math we are supposedly being taught. Even algebra throws many people for a loop, because the system we have memorized (i.e., learned, not developed) is represented by numerals, and algebra replaces many of these numerals with letters. When we are then taught that ax means “a times x”, it is as if we have entered a whole new world, where none of the old rules apply. With time and patience, children can grasp these new concepts, but they can’t do it on someone else’s timetable, and many can’t follow along and simply give up. Because they are in control, self-directed learners develop their understanding as they learn. Yes, they benefit from instruction (when they are open to it and are interested in what an instructor has to offer), but only when they have the underlying mechanisms for making sense of the new material. Otherwise, it is like giving a lecture in Russian to the average American adult: No matter how “smart” she is, if she doesn’t understand Russian, she’s not going to get much out of the lecture. Back To Questions\nFirst, how can you be sure that you wouldn't have learned the same material on your own had you not been \"forced\" to learn it in school? Most likely, you think you wouldn't have learned it otherwise because (a) you acquired a distaste for the subject as you were learning it, leading you to believe that, had you had a choice, you would have rejected it; and (b) when you did learn it, you learned it outside of any meaningful context, thus suggesting that, had it not been imposed upon you, you never would have known about it in the first place. This doesn’t stand up to scrutiny. Most of the things you do know and learned outside of school weren't imposed upon you (and even if they were, they certainly weren't introduced in the same way). You saw older children playing ball and thought, \"Ooh, that looks like fun; can I play?\" Or you saw a parent cooking, playing an instrument, reading and writing (not to mention walking and talking). Your dad loved learning about the Civil War and took you on weekend trips to Gettsyburg and Antietam, or the family visited Monticello and Mount Vernon, where you voluntarily took in information about their great thinkers/inventors and the world they inhabited. What a great introduction to the significance of Watergate was the movie All the President's Men! And how many astronomers got their start by watching Star Trek or reading Isaac Asimov or Michael Crichton? At the same time, look at all the things you weren't required to learn—because they weren't seen as part of the Core Curriculum of their day—that you later had to learn in order to do your work effectively? Or similarly, those current interests of yours (poetry, opera, history, puzzles, or what have you) that, if they were even covered in school, were addressed in such a way that you have since developed your passion for them in spite of your schooling. (The former Poet Laureate of the United States, Billy Collins, said, \"High school is where poetry goes to die.\") The bottom line is, no one knows ahead of time what will serve them best in the future, other than the most basic level of the three Rs, and even those are debatable in certain circumstances. What matters most are your motivation and your ability to find out what you need to know in a timely fashion. The process of discovery is infinitely more important than the value of mere regurgitation. Back To Questions\nOurs is a population filled with college graduates who can’t divide fractions or even add double-digit numbers in their head, let alone divide them; who can’t write coherent sentences, let alone persuasive essays on college-board tests or in-class exams; and who refuse to read any book longer than 200 pages. (These are all common complaints of college professors and test examiners.) There is no reason to believe that young people in self-directed learning environments will fare any worse than their school counterparts, and the research we do have indicates they are achieving at a significantly higher level. (You can also ask your local homeschooling group what they are experiencing.) Back To Questions\nThis is a multi-layered issue that deserves much discussion. A good place to start is by asking why Johnny isn’t reading more/better than he is. The likeliest explanations include the following:\nNormal variation in human development, as also evidenced in the development of speech, locomotion, toilet training, etc.\nAn immature or malfunctioning vision system that makes it highly uncomfortable, if not impossible, to sustain the near-point focusing and tracking that reading requires. (For further information, see Thinking Goes to School by Furth and Wachs, The Suddenly Successful Student by Ellis Edelman, www.vision-therapy-pa.com or www.visiontherapydc.com. Please note that the typical “eye exam” that involves eye-drops and pointing which way the E goes is not an effective diagnostic process in this situation.)\nImproper instruction, or at least inappropriate for a particular student: Some do best with phonics, some with look-say, and some with a mixture. (See Frank Smith’s Reading Without Nonsense.) (Also see the question about whether instruction is compatible with self-directed learning.)\nLack of specific interest in reading by the youngster, who may be consumed with experiencing the outdoors, or building with Legos, or taking apart mechanical objects to see how they work, or any number of other pursuits that are more important to him at this point in time.\nThere are many 10-year-olds—more often than not these are boys—whose “late” mastery of reading is more than made up for in passion, expertise (faster, with far better comprehension) and enjoyment as a result of their coming to it on their own schedule. In short, this is yet another situation where something is a “problem” primarily because it is a problem for standardized schooling; it is the well-intentioned enforcers who thus make it a problem for the youth. Back To Questions\nSchools teach only a minute fraction of the world’s available knowledge, and there isn’t even agreement as to what constitutes the most important content to include in that fraction. The names of the generals of the American Civil War? The political philosophy of the Mugwumps? How to conjugate verbs, solve quadratic equations, or convert from gallons to liters? Many books have been sold extolling the significance of “What Every Third Grader Should Know.” But pick up a copy, and you’ll see that most successful adults (perhaps including you) would be unable to answer many of the questions. Does a doctor really need to know how to diagram a sentence or interpret Finnegan’s Wake? Does an artist really need to know the names of all of the bones in her body? Data is only data until it becomes relevant to the individual; then it can be converted to information. As John Holt wrote in How Children Fail, “The true test of intelligence is not how much you know how to do, it’s how you behave when you don’t know what to do.” The Internet, among other sources, gives us instant access to infinitely more data bits than even the most extraordinary schooling could even attempt to dump into the minds of students. It is far better to know how to access the information as it becomes relevant, and to be able to think logically about how to use it, rather than to simply regurgitate it. Back To Questions\nNo. What is important is: Who is being tested, by whom, in what manner, and for what reason. The main concern is tests that are inappropriately designed, interpreted and imposed—which describes most tests used in schools, whether they are of the standardized variety or specific to a particular course. In How Children Fail, author John Holt described the \"games and strategies,\" as he called them, that schoolchildren adopt in order to pass without actually mastering the material that has supposedly been taught. For these and myriad other reasons, test results are often highly misleading and worthless, yet they inform decisions that greatly effect individual lives. (Consider the fact that every bad driver has passed a driving test.) Standardized tests are similarly undependable—you can get a high score without even reading the questions, if you know what you're doing, or a low score if you are too creative in your answers—and that's not even considering the ever-increasing pressure to cheat on the part of the test administrators (whose funding may depend on group scores). The most useful tests are those that actually measure what they are intended to measure—for example, how skilled is someone at writing a computer program to do this or that—and those that are used diagnostically, to see where someone is in his/her understanding, so that an instructor knows how to be most helpful moving forward. When test-takers consent to taking a test and know that they will not be punished for revealing their true level of understanding, the results are much more reliable, and the constructive purpose of the test is more likely to accomplished. The unfortunate school student, on the other hand, has them imposed on a regular basis, thus feeding the downward spiral from natural inquisitiveness to fear of failure and/or obsession with external rewards. Back To Questions\nThe parents of countless self-directed learners (whether they learn primarily at home or at a democratic school) report that their relationships with their children, and the relationships among siblings, are vastly superior to what they previously experienced, or what they see and hear about from their school-entrenched peers. Obviously, this is no panacea for serious issues such as dysfunctional marriages and bad parenting. But the mere absence of battles over homework assignments, getting to school on time, grades, and the myriad other aspects of forced schooling against which young people rebel is a huge contributor to maintaining peace in the home. The nasty competitiveness between children in different grades (leading many siblings to play one-upmanship with younger brothers or sisters) tends to be replaced by the pleasant (if not joyful!) collaboration between siblings who now can work/play together on shared interests, learn how to get along with others with seemingly conflicting interests in a democratic school or resource center (or in an adult workplace), and then bring those skills home for the enjoyment of all. It all begins with how adults treat children: This sets the standard for the youths to emulate. Nagging begets whining, and constant criticism begets resentment and withdrawal. When parents are viewed by their children as true allies, rather than as co-enforcers, the family is much more likely to be a happier and more productive system. Back To Questions\nThere are teachers in today’s schools who are genuinely helping to support self-directed learning. Many find it very hard to swim against the tide and continue doing this within the constraints of the current system and its prevailing paradigm. The classic examples tend to get fired (including John Taylor Gatto, author of “Dumbing Us Down,” and a New York City Teacher of the Year and New York State Teacher of the Year). Unfortunately (or not), many of the teachers who feel strongly about this–the cream of the crop–are now resigning in droves after beating their head against the system, against principals afraid of losing their jobs if test scores go down, etc. Back To Questions\nThere are certainly well-intentioned people who are critiquing their schools and constantly searching for ways to improve them. There have even been some moves to allow students greater freedom. But the success of those initiatives is limited by the paradigm that undergirds the system. We need to transform, rather than reform, our current education system. And with rare exceptions, our current educational establishment and political leaders are unlikely to lead such a transformation, because they are too invested in the status quo. Therefore the pressure for change will need to come from the outside. Back To Questions\nWhile it would be great if policymakers and professional educators at all levels read the arguments spelled out on this site and immediately adopted a belief in the right and power of people of all ages to direct their own education, it is highly unlikely that most people with a stake in maintaining the status quo will embrace change quite so readily. Fortunately, that’s not a prerequisite for change, because the impetus can also come from outside the system. Change comes in two ways: trends and grander disruptive events. There is already a trend toward self-directed learning. Although there are no hard numbers, there is ample evidence that the number of families practicing this approach at home is growing steadily. Many democratic schools and resource centers catering to self-directed learners have also opened in recent years, and more are in the planning stages around the country (many of them are being started by teachers committed to helping children learn, and frustrated by the current system). The stage has been set for a grander disruptive event (or series of such events) to effect mass transformation in short order. Some relevant disruptive events have already begun, such as the rise of low-cost but high-quality online learning opportunities. Hopefully this web site can serve as another such catalyst, by bringing these views to the attention of the general public (including parents, teachers, and other concerned citizens), to prompt them to consider the viewpoint, and the supporting data, that represent self-directed learning and the benefits it offers to society as a whole, as well as to their own children. At some point in the not-so-distant future, forced schooling will likely go the way of other experiments that society has found severely wanting. Back To Questions\nOne reason most self-directed learning places (whether democratic schools or resource centers) are less expensive to operate is that they do not carry the same type and amount of administrative overhead. Simply not having to carry out enforcement—of compulsory attendance, required courses and coursework, academic and disciplinary record-keeping, detention, security, compliance with state and federal requirements (such as testing, expenditures, etc.)—saves these places from having to spend a huge portion of their budgets on matters that contribute little or nothing to education. They don’t have to buy hundreds of copies of the same (expensive) textbooks (one will do, if that!), or provide everyone with a computer (they learn to share effectively), or maintain huge and complicated buildings. Similarly, the educational community itself provides some of the more valuable services, such as housekeeping, marketing and general governance. In democratic schools, a judicial committee addresses disciplinary matters, eliminating the need to rely on vice-principals, counselors and the like. (The adult staff generally do double duty if and when it is necessary, which is not often.) And lastly, these organizations are generally non-profits and benefit from being the recipients of both cash and in-kind donations, whereas typical schools ordinarily buy their (costly) furniture and supplies from for-profit manufacturers. Again, the price of textbooks alone can be staggering. Another reason that independent centers can be more cost-effective is that many benefit from part-time and volunteer staff to supplement the full-timers. This takes advantage of the highly qualified pool of individuals in our society as a whole—from college students to retirees—who have useful knowledge and skills to share, and the flexibility to come and go as they are needed. Both “professional” and “amateur” staffers have their place in a community of learners. As for how much of a difference this can make, there is no nation-wide data on self-directed learning budgets, but here is one probably illustrative example. The Sudbury Valley School, in the suburbs of Boston, spends half of the amount per student as what is spent by the nearest public school district. The cost differential would be smaller if a democratic school or resource center sought to match the resources of well-supplied public and private schools: for example, fully-equipped orchestras, professional-level theaters, woodshops and dark rooms and recording studios, swimming pools and chemistry labs. This is not a path most current places have chosen to pursue. Having material resources is not the most important part of the learning/teaching process, as the output of expensive language and computer labs will attest. (Consider how much is spent “teaching” foreign languages in our country vs. the amount of foreign language literacy there is. And look at how much of the advanced computer literacy has been learned outside of school as well.) The material richness of various school environments can be a plus. However, it is the manner in which the available materials are allowed to be used that appears to be the more important variable in meaningful education. Back To Questions\nThis is yet another issue that is more complex than it might first appear. To begin with, it is a given that everyone’s life is a mixture of good and bad times (though it’s great if you can maximize the former and minimize the latter). And self-directed learning doesn’t make all learning fun—in fact, some of the best learning moments are anything but fun at the time. And some learning is simply a natural by-product of engaging in a purposeful activity—such as learning to spell certain words because you want to write a letter that your friend or grandmother can comprehend. One might be pleased with the result--”I wrote this all by myself”—even though the actual process of composing it didn’t feel “fun.” The reward—the pleasure—comes from the desired result, not necessarily from the action itself. And it rarely comes from doing something one doesn’t really want to be doing (in the sense that one didn’t ask to do it and doesn’t see the benefit of doing it, and it replaces another activity that one would much rather be doing). Where adults tend to get most judgmental about young people’s unwillingness to put out effort is when the child balks at doing something that is primarily the adult’s agenda. In such circumstances, the issue is not laziness or lack of gratitude on the child’s part. It is the fact that the child’s sense of autonomy has been violated. They—like the rest of us—do not like being told what to do. We all like to feel in charge of our own lives, especially in the moment. Thus, it is not the content that matters—whether it’s solving a math problem or doing the dishes. It’s the process of not having a say, of feeling obligated or required to do this or that. When young people are faced with scaling a wall (literally or figuratively) that is acting as a barrier to something they really want, they will exert all manner of effort and intelligence to get up and over it. When, on the other hand, they are told to climb the very same wall “because I said so,” or “because it’s your job,” or “because if you don’t, I will be sorely disappointed in you”—well, don’t be surprised if you see “laziness,” a search for escape, a plethora of excuses, or any other of a number of barriers to achievement. You will see the same behaviors in adults, by the way. Back To Questions\nPerhaps this sad view of life derives from schooling. Of course, life has its ups and downs, in adulthood and in childhood. But there are plenty of opportunities to learn to tolerate unpleasantness without adding unpleasant schooling to the mix. Research has shown that people of all ages learn best when they are self-motivated, pursuing questions that are their own real questions, and goals that are their own real-life goals. In such conditions, learning is usually joyful. Back To Questions\nSelf-motivation is one of those terms that has many facets, and thus varying implications. In the book “The Path of Least Resistance,” Robert Fritz reveals some interesting layers of meaning, including the critical importance of understanding why one is motivated toward a certain end. Do you want to get good grades to please Mom and Dad, or do you want to get good grades in order to get into Harvard? And do you want to go to Harvard because you like what is offered there, especially in your area of interest, or because you want the prestige of having matriculated there? Or is it because your sweetheart just got in and you want to be re-united there? Similarly, do you want six-pack abs because you think they’ll make you look sexy and more attractive, or because they are an indicator of greater strength in the core, meaning you will be able to work harder without straining your back? Self-motivation is most relevant when we are talking about core values, à la Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy—things that you want just because you want them, not because they will make it easier to get other things, especially the esteem of others. If you really want to understand and be able to use certain math and science principles, you will be willing to do the work of mastering them—and the work, however “hard” it may be, well might be enjoyable as you do it. Otherwise, it does not mean you are not lazy; it just means you didn’t want those things badly enough, and that should be your rightful choice. Back To Questions\nThis question implies two things: that school is the key factor that has helped some people escape poverty, and that young people will “study and work hard” only when forced to by parents or teachers. Nothing could be further from the truth. The “successes” are the exceptions; the big numbers show that schools in general are not helping youth out of poverty, and in fact are reinforcing their belief that they are losers and must find some other path to \"success\"--such as dealing drugs. (Many educators view schools as Rube Goldberg machines for eradicating poverty but, like those machines, schools are over-engineered and unnecessary for the purpose.) Studies have shown for decades that one¹s socio-economic status has a very strong effect on one's schooling. Children in poor neighborhoods go to poor public schools; children in rich neighborhoods go to rich public schools, and there is very little crossover, despite attempts such as forced busing of the poor into rich schools. School creates and solidifies more class differences, in every sense of that phrase, than erases them. Ivan Illich wrote about this issue in the 1970s, yet we still ignore it: “Even if they attend equal schools and begin at the same age, poor children lack most of the educational opportunities which are casually available to the middle-class child. These advantages range from conversation and books in the home to vacation travel and different sense of oneself, and apply, for the child who enjoys them, both in and out of school. So the poorer student will generally fall behind so long as he depends on school for advancement or learning.”(From Illich¹s “Deschooling Society,” p. 14) He went on to argue that, rather than giving low-income people money in a form that must be applied to schools, it is better to give them money that they can use to learn what they want or need. Others have voiced the same views over the years, and many of them are summed up in John Marsh’s book, “Class Dismissed: Why We Cannot Teach or Learn Our Way Out of Inequality.” In short, schools didn¹t create poverty and inequality, so giving poor people more school degrees, instead of more money and better environments to live and work in, will not raise them out of poverty. When children from poor families do manage to rise above those economic circumstances, it is generally because one or more adults (whether from their immediate or extended families, or the broader community) supported various aspects of their development. (The form of the support matters. The classic “successful” Asian student who is pressured to be at the top of his or her class often pays a high personal price. Many such students are miserable, and there is a whole cadre of \"school refusers” in Japan and China. The measure of “success” is also very one-dimensional, and even the Chinese educational establishment is doing an about-turn to remedy what such a system promotes.] The second issue, that children won¹t learn unless forced by teachers or parents to do so, also doesn¹t hold up scrutiny. No one works harder than an infant who is trying to roll over for the first time, and no one is more dedicated to achieving a goal than the toddler who is figuring out how to walk and how to speak and be understood. And look at the effort spent in activities such as building a tree house, becoming a good skater, or constructing a sailboat, all at remarkably young ages. When youths do not continue to expend such effort, it is usually because their energies have been drained by meaningless (to them) busy-work from which they have no escape. History‹including up to the present time is filled with stories of remarkable accomplishments made by young people who have had only the opportunity to pursue their interests. Often they are on their own to “beg, borrow and steal” the resources they need for their creations. What is important is that their drive to do so has been kept intact. For some, this may lead to serious academic study; for others, their success comes from their intuition, their knowledge of people, and their ability to read various situations and figure out how to achieve their goal. Even for those in school, look how often the class clown returns to the 10th reunion a successful businessman, and to the 20th, a millionaire! If that is your measure of success, there is proof of the power of self-motivation. For others, the self-directed path leads to other accomplishments and overall life satisfaction. Back To Questions\nOn its surface, this question seems highly discriminatory—akin to suggesting that African-Americans or women shouldn’t vote due to their lack of adequate intellect, rational decision-making, or some other inherent (or culturally induced) defect. At the same time, there is a legitimate question about the ability of certain individuals—or category of individuals—to thrive, at least initially, in a setting that requires a certain significant amount of self-direction. Democratic schools almost always require a trial period of at least a week, sometimes more, during which time both the student and the community develop a sense as to whether or not this is likely to be a good “match.” Resource centers catering to self-directed learners have the same issue—in fact, so do all private schools, from the progressives to the military academies. There is no “one-size-fits-all” community, if for no other reason than normal human diversity. With self-directed schools and centers, even the average student is likely to go through some period of adjustment—especially if he or she is coming from a traditional school where most of the major choices were made by adults, but also for some who had previously been left to their own devices to the point that they weren’t required to take the needs or interests of other youths into consideration on a regular basis. It’s not at all unusual for the newly liberated public- or private-school student to celebrate a new lack of scholastic requirements by choosing to listen to music or play video games “all day, every day,” or shoot hoops or read comic books or simply “hang out” and talk with peers. This period has been referred to as “de-schooling,” and the rule of thumb has often been deemed to be “a month or more of de-schooling for every year that one was in school.” Sometimes a youth may seem to be “avoiding” sinking their teeth into anything “meaningful”—meaningful to the traditional adult eye, that is. And then they surprise the heck out of you, launching with gusto into some project or another, or mastering three “years’” worth of math in two months, becoming voracious readers and budding philosophy nerds, etc. In other words, once they realize there are no hoops they must jump through (except to be a decent citizen, which they learn quickly in a peer-led judicial system that is based on fairness, not domination), they become free to flourish in whatever ways they choose to become engaged. As for those youths who are new to the world of intellectual engagement, due to the absence of adult as well as older peer models, they, too, are most likely to “get with the program” once they learn there is nothing to fight against, no “should” that is always demanding compliance and evoking rebellion. When all is said and done, Nature takes over. In this case, it is our human nature to learn, grow, and create. Only if someone is so badly wounded that they cannot process what is going on around them (or not going on) would they be incapable of benefiting from a self-directed environment—especially with a caring adult staff and youth population there to help with the transition. If there are no such models available, and suddenly all of the rules change without any provision for new and healthier models, then, yes, that is likely to present greater challenges. But would they be worse than the drugs and guns and everyday violence encountered in some of our current schools? Back To Questions\nThere is little question that each of these would benefit a large segment of our youth population. Each one individually would increase the probability of success for the children involved—especially the ones that address the immediate effects of poverty, such as hunger, which extend well beyond the walls of schools. However, the point of AlternativesToSchool.com is to look at the current situation from a different perspective than merely repairing broken parts of a system. The goal instead is to challenge the most basic assumption—concerning children’s true natures—on which the current educational system (comprising both public and private schools) has been built. This scrutiny reveals a system that is fundamentally flawed, and shows that the best path forward is to replace it with a new one that better serves students and society (in fact, many talented teachers have already left their posts to either provide their own children with a home-based learning experience, or to start democratic schools and resource centers for self-directed learners in their communities). The current system views young people as stupid, lazy, unmotivated, and needing to be controlled. These views were not always prevalent. They developed at a time in human history when the paramount concern of well-meaning parents was to groom their children to survive as adults in societies where survival meant unquestioning submission to authority—first in feudal societies and later in industrial ones. Fortunately the world has changed, and our individual horizons are much broader. It’s high time to reconsider how anachronistic schooling is, and how out of sync it is to the true nature of children. Children are naturally smart, energetic, highly motivated to learn and create, and needing respect and consideration, rather than constant reminders that they are considered untrustworthy and incompetent. As long as they hold these negative beliefs about themselves, our young people will fail to reach their full potential. They will fight back in an effort to gain some measure of autonomy, no matter how self-destructive their choice may prove to be (even if it only amounts to falling into line, going through the motions, feigning interest and counting the days until their sentence is over). Once we made the decision to remove young people from society and isolate them in their own institutions—thereby depriving them of the opportunity to learn and to grow in the context of the world around them—we left them with little choice but to create their own world of petty escapes, continuous rebellion (or passive compliance and adaptation) and dissociated learning. To understand their motivations for negative behavior, just imagine yourself in prison for a crime (i.e., being young) you didn’t commit. Even if you obey the guards and spend your free time in the prison library, or even make friends with some of your fellow prisoners, your focus will remain on the day you come up for parole or when your sentence has been completed. We crave the sense of freedom that should have been ours all along. (The story for some, of course, is a much happier one—but they represent a small minority; for more on this, please refer to that question in the FAQ.) Even those who claim they enjoyed their school days are engaging either in selective memory or, more likely, referring to their interactions with their peers, not with much of their school work—so they are not really talking about school at all, in the sense of the supposed primary function of schools. The occasional inspirational teacher is an outlier and not indicative of most people’s basic school experience. Real learning begins before schooling starts, then lies in wait or hides in the shadows until graduation, and then, for the lucky ones, is revived when they are reunited with the real world. Back To Questions\nIt’s hard to know what this question is really asking. If the underlying question is, “Does everyone immediately thrive in an environment where they are free to direct their own activity (as long as they do not interfere with the rights of others to do likewise),” the answer is no. Some people need a period of time to discover their own interests, especially if they’re used to being told what to do. (This is as true for adults as it is for children and is one of the reasons so many businesses are calling for a radical transformation in what we call education: They want self-starters and creative thinkers, not yes-men and -women who merely respond to directions, external praise and/or punishment.) If the underlying question is, “Must everything learned be the result of self-discovery or even self-initiative?”, then again, the answer is no. Sometimes people ask for direction or instruction; this can take many forms and be more or less other-directed, depending on the situation and the learner’s personality and desires. For example, if you want a job as a brain surgeon, you will have to follow a fairly well-established-by-others course in order to be able to do so legally. The self-directed part of the process, however, is that one has chosen to follow that course. The same is true with any such area of skill development or knowledge acquisition: The instruction takes on an entirely different flavor if it has been invited by the learner. In his book “Never Too Late,” John Holt writes about learning to play the cello at age 50. He set clear boundaries on the sort of teacher/mentor he would find useful—more of a colleague than a master, ie. someone who will work with him rather than on him, as many teachers are wont to do. He is clear that he is in charge of the learning process: It is his interest, his skill development, and his ultimate enjoyment that are driving this system, not the instructor’s agenda. This is what this site is saying about learning in general: that ultimately it is the learner’s purposes that drive the decision making, rather than the agendas of such external bodies as boards of education, legislators, or even education philosophers and pedagogues. Back To Questions\nPlease see A Vision for the Future. Back To Questions\nA lot of people are passionately debating whether education should be funded through public or private channels. That is a very important but separate issue. This site’s mission is more fundamental—to change the dominant educational paradigm from top-down, teach-and-test schooling (with mandated learning targets) to a self-directed approach that is in tune with how children naturally learn. There is already adequate funding out there; how it is best structured (through public, private, or a combination of both channels) is an important decision that is outside the scope of this web site. What we do want people to understand is that money is not the issue. Our current system of public and private schools costs us approximately $600 billion dollars a year in tax money (federal, state and local combined) and another $50 billion in tuitions (for private schools). Depending on how you do the calculations, we are spending, on average, somewhere between $10,000 and $13,000 a year for every child in kindergarten through high school. Imagine the educational opportunities we could provide instead with those amounts, especially given that self-directed learning costs much less to implement. Back To Questions\nAlternatives to School © 2022 · Powered by WordPress","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1675843"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7291982173919678,"wiki_prob":0.2708017826080322,"text":"C: MERCY AND WORMWOOD – FIRST SUNDAY OF OCTOBER\nMERCY AND WORMWOOD\nLamentation 3:19-26\nOctober 4, 1998 by Tad Mitsui\nInstead of \"the wormwood and the gall\", which I just read, another translation of the Bible, the passage from the book of Lamentations, chapter 3 verse 19 had \"the wormwood and poison\". The difference surprised me because the one I read reminds me of how, when I was a child, my mother used to give me a tiny bit of black powder for indigestion. It was shavings from what was supposed to be \"bear”s gallbladder\", a dry black ball about the size of a golf ball. It was bitter. I hated it. \"The thought of my affliction and homelessness is the wormwood and the gall.\" I looked it up in a book on herbal medicine, and sure enough, it says that a gall bladder produces bile which is good for breaking up hard-to-digest fat in the stomach. I am not sure if it was really a bear”s gallbladder that my mother gave me, but it sure was expensive medicine. There were stories of people selling pieces of property in order to buy \"bear”s gallbladder\" many years ago. So I looked up \"wormwood\" also in the book on herbal medicine. It says that dried wormwood has been used as a traditional remedy for indigestion. It is also very bitter. Bitterness seems to help digest food: an interesting idea, isn”t it? And one that gives the passage from Lamentations a very different meaning.\nThe Book of Lamentations is a book of mourning. The author was bitter about the demise of the Jewish nation, which was defeated by the Babylonian army. He spoke about the desolation of Jerusalem. He spoke about the city of Jerusalem as though it was once a proud princess who completely lost her former glory and dignity. She had had many admirers but now none of them could comfort her. Her friends turned out to be sellouts to the enemy. Even her own children deserted her. She was not just a princess of a defeated kingdom but became a slave of the former enemies. It is a book full of bitterness. Yet in the midst of all this grieving, the author remembers God”s mercy. He was reminding himself that there still was hope. He says \"the thought of my affliction and my homelessness is the wormwood and the gall. God”s mercies are new every morning.\" It is bitter, but it is not poison. Instead, it is powerful medicine. And he sees plenty of hopeful signs in the midst of desolation and despair.\nThere are two periods in the history of the Jewish nation when they made a great leap forward in their spiritual journey. They spent forty excruciatingly difficult years in the desert after the liberation from slavery in Egypt. It was during those years, they were given the basic laws from God, and learned to live under the rule of law. They learned to live like a nation of decent human beings, and not like animals in the desert. That was how they survived as people. The second most important period was the 150 years when the leaders of the nation spent in captivity in Babylon. This period began with the defeat and destruction of Jerusalem, which the book of Lamentations was mourning about. It was a bitter experience. All the political and spiritual leaders, in fact anyone who could read, were expelled from their homeland and forced to live in Babylon. There, they were forbidden to use their language and were prohibited to practice their religion. The intention was to destroy the Jewish nation. When the spiritual tradition of the nation is lost, the nation loses its identity; the Babylonians knew that. But they didn”t succeed. The Jews did not lose their religion. They managed to keep the language through the Bible. In fact, it was during this period, the Jews collected the books on the laws of Moses, the Prophets, and other literature like poems, stories, and proverbs. Eventually they were bound together and became the Hebrew Bible – the present day Old Testament. The intention of the Babylonian captors completely failed. When the children of the captive Jews were allowed to return to Palestine, one of the teachers named Ezra took the collection of the Books and went back to Jerusalem. The Book, the Biblos in Greek, became the foundation of the faith of the Jewish nation. It was also the only Bible available to the early Christians for about four hundred years until the New testament was authorized as a part of the Bible by the Church. The Babylonian captivity was bitter medicine, but it was an effective medicine. It brought health back to the people and made them survive and thrive.\nThe God of the Bible is not one to praise the virtue of suffering. God does not want us to suffer. However, God does not stop it either. Often, suffering is caused by human failures and sin. God”s greatest gift to humans is freedom. So if humans choose the path of a sinful life, God does not stop them. God does not cause suffering but we do; for ourselves and for others. Suffering comes to everyone, just like rain falls on good people and bad people alike. The difference is: the faithful people never lose sight of the God”s mercy even in the midst of suffering, and find hope beyond. In other words, the faithful find strength to go through the difficulties, and are always able to praise God for his mercies at the end.\nThis is why the author of the Lamentations could sing the praises of God even in the midst of mourning the loss of a nation and the desolation of his beloved city. \"The steadfast love of the Lord never ceases, his mercies never come to an end, they are new every morning.\" When I look at myself in the mirror in the morning, I see signs of my aging process. But perhaps, instead of mourning the loss of youth, I should say to myself \"Tad, you look wiser today. Thank you, God.\" I should learn to love myself anew everyday, and gain strength to face a new chapter of my life.\nIt”s easy to feel bitterness over losses in our lives – whether that”s youth, or health, or glory. It is a very human response. But remember, bitterness can also be medicine for renewal. Instead of just mourning the loss and dwelling in bitterness, isn”t it also time to remember how merciful God has been throughout the good days and how sweet those days were? Then we realize that his love and mercy are new every morning, even today. We swallow our medicine, and thank God.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1773474"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6296374201774597,"wiki_prob":0.6296374201774597,"text":"Author: alexandersanger\nWomen, Men and Population Worries\nJune 19, 2021 | alexandersanger\nBy Alexander Sanger\nThe recent simultaneous release of the census data from the United States and China has led commentators around the world to ponder causes and effects of declining rates of childbirth in these and other countries. This is not a new phenomenon – birth rates have been declining in the West for 200 years, long before the pill. More recent declines have occurred in many countries in the East and West, North and South, for decades as women have become more educated and modern contraception has become more available. In many countries of varying incomes, fertility rates are stubbornly below the replacement rate, presaging declining populations.\nCommentators have focused on the economic effects of reduced work forces, leading to reduced economic growth, innovation and standards of living, and on the budgetary effects of aging populations (in Japan diapers for adults outsell those for babies) leading to pressures on pension schemes.\nDiscussions about what is causing this phenomenon have looked at the emancipation and education of women and the rising costs of childbearing and the never-yet-lessened demands childbearing and child raising place on parents. Parenting, or non-parenting rather, can be seen as a rational economic and lifestyle choice – an either-or between career and personal fulfillment and happiness on one side and the cost (financial and otherwise) of children on the other. Childcare and housing and outstanding student loans are cited as the major deterrents. Women especially still, despite decades of advancement, bear the brunt of this unpalatable choice – old gender patterns and expectations lead to women performing most childcare and housework and sacrificing more career opportunities. Add in the economic insecurity brought on by COVID 19, and the decision to parent becomes even more fraught. As a result, infertility issues are increasing, in women and men, as couples delay childbearing. Couples are having fewer children than they say they want.\nLooking at the other side of the fertility coin, teen pregnancies and childbearing have fallen drastically in the US. Teen childbearing rates have fallen since 1991, when there were 61.8 births per 1000 teens. In 2020, the rate was 15.3. Cross that item off the culture war list.\nChina had a long-term decline in adolescent childbearing (and marriage) in the late 20th Century but has seen a recent rebound in both in some rural provinces. The reasons for this rebound include the gender imbalance (more males in each age cohort than females due to the One-Child Policy), resulting in an imbalance in the marriage market and in males resorting to various strategies to land a bride as early as possible, including paying a bride price and finding younger brides. Rural girls are at greater risk for early marriage due to lower education levels, lack of opportunity and persistent traditional culture and gender norms.\nForegoing early childbearing leads to reduced overall childbearing – many women simply don’t catch up and have the number of children they want. The percent of women in the US age 30-34 who are childless rose from 26% in 2006 to 33% in 2018. Looking at US women age 40-44, in 1980, 90% were mothers; in 2006, 80% were mothers and in 2018, 86% were mothers.\nThe New York Times on June 18, 2021 published a front-page story by Sabrina Tavernise and three others about women in the US delaying motherhood. Some of the above factors were discussed. Delaying childbearing was found more pronounced in areas with good economic prospects for women. Women there have more incentive to wait.\nBut the Times left out a few things.\nThere was no mention of men. Are men delaying fatherhood like women are? Is taking two to tango a 20thCentury phenomenon not worthy of discussion in today’s climate? I remember an unmarried woman with no children in her 30s in a rural community saying to me a few years ago when I asked her about her romantic prospects, “there are no eligible men.” There were men in this community, it seemed as many men as women, but none measured up to her standards. She moved afield to find a mate.\nIf we look at delayed motherhood, we must perforce look at the entire mating system including fatherhood – couples meeting, mating, sex, contraception, abortion, childbirth and child rearing.\nAre men and women in the US partnering or marrying at less rates? Yes. For all US men and women ages 18-34, in 2004, 33% had no steady romantic partner, whereas in 2016, it was 45%.\nThere are similar figures for adults under age 35 who are not living with a spouse or partner: in 2007 it was 56% and in 2017 it rose to 61%. In many instances, women are not, and cannot, rely on a male for support, hence they make their own career. In China, one report states that 15 million more adults lived alone in 2021 than in 2018. They are termed ‘empty nest youth’.\nHow about sexual activity? Quite a male/female difference. For men age 18-24 in 2000-2, 19% reported no sexual activity for the preceding year. In 2016-8, it rose to 31% of males.\nFor women of the same ages in the same time periods, the rate rose from 15% to 19%. Quite a difference in reported sexual activity with far more males than females reporting none.\nAccurate figures in China are harder to come by. One survey in China found that during Covid, 53% of men and 30% of women had fewer sexual partners during Covid, and 40% of males and 32% of females reported less sexual activity. A similar gender gap as the US.\nWhat is going on with men and women and the mating system?\nSex is down, pregnancies (intended and unintended) are down, abortions are down, and childbearing is down. Declining pregnancies can be attributed to less sex and better contraception. Surveys indicate that couples are contracepting more and using better methods, including LARCS, Long-Acting Reversible Contraception. In China, contraception is harder to come by for adolescents but freely available to adults, including the long-acting methods.\nAre some sex differences at play here? The figure of men having less sex than women begs for an explanation. Are men fearful of approaching women, of dating, of initiating sex? Are women choosing more rigorously? Are more men not making the cut? Hence women having more sex with a smaller pool of eligible males?\nHere we see individual choices ending up collectively driving governments batty. We have individual choices in two totally disparate countries, US and China, leading to the same end result. What is the commonality, if any? As women advance economically and are more educated, are males perceived to be (or are) in decline? Are women pickier?\nWhat are governments to make of this? Is it their business when and how many offspring its citizens have (or how much sex they have)? And what, if anything, can they do about it?\nIt is a valid function of governments to enable its citizens to have the offspring they want, i.e., to be able to reproduce, and to have those offspring survive and in turn reproduce. To be able to reproduce means maintaining the essential reproductive biology, i.e., fertility, including preventing environmental damage to reproductive organs for starters. Other damage to fertility comes from age, lifestyle, i.e., drinking and obesity, and STIs. Is infertility on the rise? Declining sperm counts have been in the news, though a recent report counters this. No matter the cause, shouldn’t governments be subsidizing fertility treatments for the married and unmarried if they want its citizens to have more children? China prohibits single women from using infertility services.\nThen there are social, economic and cultural factors that relate to mating, sexual activity, pregnancy, abortion, childbearing, childrearing decisions. Each would take a separate volume to discuss and are of vital importance. These factors are what are now called intersectionality but have been reproductive factors since time immemorial and determine individual reproductive strategies, each of which takes place in a certain environment. In the days before modern medicine (and still in too many countries), childbirth was a major killer of women. The rates and risk were (and are) determined by such factors as race, geography, poverty, education, family unit, in addition to childbirth services and medical care.\nTo the extent lower childbearing is a decision subject to outside influence, what are governments’ responses? Last month in China, the government adopted a three-child policy, now permitting married couples to have three. The likely effect? Near zero, just like the adoption of the two-child policy was five years ago. No mention of a right of unmarried women to have three children, not that many would, because non-marital childbearing is a rarity in China, unlike the US and much of the rest of the Western world – it is about 40% in the US and 42% in the EU and 55% in Scandinavia. It is well over 50% in much of Latin America. Many or most are in non-marital consensual unions/partnerships. The rate is under 1% in India. The only constant is that birthrates are declining in all these countries whether the parents are married or unmarried. So, put aside subsidizing marriage as a “solution” to the declining birthrate issue.\nLikewise subsidizing childbirth. Various EU countries have tried a variety of approaches including subsidizing childcare, tax credits, parental leave etc. and the effect is marginal, though not nil. Germany had an uptick after expanding access to affordable childcare and providing parental leave but not a major one. The uptick may be one of timing to take advantage of the benefits not an uptick in total number of children. China has a two-week paid parental leave for fathers though few take it. A government purchasing its future citizens is, generally speaking, money wasted.\nHow about free education? The expense of educating children is often cited as a deterrent (as well as unpaid student loans). About 24 countries around the world provide free (or nearly free) university education – many are in the EU, which has stubbornly declining birth rates. Others include Malaysia (at 2.0 births per woman and falling), Brazil (1.7 and falling) and Kenya (3.5 and falling).\nTo solve the government’s fiscal issues, some are raising the age of retirement (easier for office workers than laborers) and increasing taxes on a reduced workforce (few or none dare reduce pension benefits).\nThen we get to the nub. What has all this to do with women’s and men’s individual choices about childbearing? And really, do, or should rather, governments have say?\nLook what happens when governments intrude. In China, the One Child Policy led to a gender imbalance. Its policy against Muslim childbearing is akin to genocide. In Romania in the 1980s, the ban on birth control and abortion resulted in a generation of women rendered infertile by botched abortions. Government fines on the childless is the next frontier. If a government can prohibit childbearing, then can’t it require it? China and used to prohibit pre-marital sex, as did most US states. Can states require procreative sex? What is the difference in terms of asserted government powers? Is the Handmaid’s Tale coming?\nIn the US, states are adopting the Romania strategy and are falling over each other to prohibit abortion, — see Mississippi and Texas – itching to overturn Roe v. Wade. And then overturning Griswold v. Connecticut, which legalized birth control. We see this push at the time the census shows a declining white population. We saw this in the mid-19th Century with white Protestants fighting back against immigrant Irish Catholics with the Know-Nothing Party to criminalize birth control and abortion so as to prevent the white Protestant women from using them. The Party also pushed to deny Irish the right to vote – the laws aiming to limit minority voting turnout and against immigration are nothing new. Tribal tensions and animosity are alive and well.\nWhat are women and men seeing when they think (consciously or subconsciously) about having children? In biology, there is the concept of reproductive strategy where each individual chooses, consciously or subconsciously, the timing and number of offspring to give them the best chance of survival and having offspring of their own. This includes choosing a mate. In many parts of the world, that means marriage. In much of the West, it doesn’t. The number of singles is on the rise in China. The sex ratio imbalance in China, that there are more men than women, is also a factor. Males have to compete more to attract a mate. Women can be choosier. What are they looking for: good genes, an equal partner, a provider, an equal helpmate in parenting – and … an apartment – the latest form of dowry. One commentator in China said, “housing prices are still the best sterilization tool.” Long work hours are a deterrent to men taking on more housework and childcare (the Times recently had an article on unmarried men in China choosing vasectomies). Long work hours for women and lack of affordable child care are also a deterrent to motherhood, as the Times also pointed out. The gender imbalance is alive and well—look at women being penalized more in COVID than men. What in the US we call “intersectionality” is profoundly important to “solving” the problem – gender, discrimination, economic and social factors, all weigh in on individual lives and choices.\nWhat we see are individual reproductive strategies at odds with national childbearing goals.\nJune 5, 2021 | alexandersanger\nIPPFWHR Acquisition of IWHC and Change\nSee press release for details\nClick to access Press-Release-Final-1.pdf\nApril 22, 2021 | alexandersanger\nMy article from 2006 on Margaret Sanger and Eugenics\nEugenics, Race, and Margaret Sanger Revisited: Reproductive Freedom for All?\nClick to access alexander-sanger.pdf\nhttps://sites.middlebury.edu/gsfswhitepeople/files/2016/09/alexander-sanger.pdf\nPennsylvania Ballet a Disgrace\nMarch 11, 2021 | alexandersanger\nThe Pennsylvania Ballet announced their upcoming digital season a few days ago. The season is dedicated to their founder, Barbara Weisberger, who died in December. One might have thought that the company would feature ballets choreographed by women in her honor.\nNope. Not one.\nEleven choreographers. All male.\nMen 11 – Women 0.\nWhat were they thinking? Clearly they weren’t thinking.\nWhat a lost opportunity to salute their female founder. What a kick in the face to women creators in ballet.\nWhat are the women (and the good men) on the company’s board thinking? Are they going to let the male director get away with this?\nTime for a reckoning.\nSee: https://paballet.org/spring-2021/\nReinventing the American Orchestra\nFebruary 18, 2021 | alexandersanger\nAnthony Tommasini wrote an article in The New York Times this week (https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/12/arts/music/american-orchestra-classical-music.html) on how orchestras need to reinvent themselves in our nation’s new environment. Scant mention was made of female composers, living and dead, being part of the solution – with only one mention of the New York Philharmonic’s Project 19, which commissioned works from 19 female composers, many of color.\nIt is no secret that under 3% (or 2% I’ve also heard) of music played by symphony orchestras in this country are written by women. The same is true worldwide. A huge percentage is by Beethoven, Mozart and Bach. A modern composer can mean Rachmaninoff who died in 1943. Commendable efforts are sputtering along to find African-American composers to play. The go-to African-American female composer last season has been Florence Price, who died in 1953.\nAs always, smaller ensembles, and venues like National Sawdust, are way ahead in this regard and didn’t need our national reckoning with race to spur their efforts at diversifying whose music gets played and who plays it. Why doesn’t every orchestra (and opera company) have a smaller ensemble that plays new music in different venues? The New York Phil Bandwagon was a great start, giving concerts in New York neighborhoods, including new commissioned works. Co-commissioning new works by living composers, male and female, of all ethnicities, can be a bridge to building community and understanding and new audiences. And it can spread the costs of a commission among several orchestras, while giving greater exposure to a new work that too often get a premier and die.\nOrchestras need, like baseball teams, to build the farm system. They need to sponsor younger composers right out of conservatory, provide composer-in-residencies that would pair a young untried composer with a more experienced one and do repeated readings of their works so that the composer can get feedback and refine their compositions. And make recordings so that the new works can get greater exposure.\nAll it takes is vision, and will, and, yes, money. But the payoff can be multiples of the investment.\nGlimmers of Hope\nFebruary 18, 2021 February 19, 2021 | alexandersanger\nThe newspapers reported last week that some Republicans are resigning from their party out of disgust with Trump and Trumpism. This is a mistake. It leaves the party in the hands of the fanatics. The sensible Republicans should stay and fight for their party.\nReproductive rights are in the ascendancy in the Western Hemisphere. The momentum in Argentina, where abortion up to 14 weeks was decriminalized at the end of December, is spreading to Chile, where advocates are working to get sexual and reproductive rights in the new constitution and to Colombia, where efforts are underway to take abortion out of the criminal code. These coupled with the repeal of the Global Gag Rule signals that progress is not impossible if the will and activism are there.\nAt some point, Republicans who believe that the government should not be in the business of regulating, controlling and subjugating women will take back control of their party. Polls show that about half of Republicans support Roe v. Wade. It will take these sensible Republican women and men showing the fortitude that women and men in Argentina showed. Politicians will cave once they realize they won’t be re-elected. These women should not be resigning from the Republican Party in disgust; rather than should recruit others to take it back from Trump and his misogny.\nDecember 30, 2020 | alexandersanger\nExcerpted from The Guardian\nArgentina has become the largest Latin American country to legalise abortion after its senate approved the historic law change by 38 votes in favour to 29 against, with one abstention.\nThe bill, which legalises terminations in the first 14 weeks of pregnancy, was approved by Argentina’s lower house earlier this month after being put to congress by the country’s leftwing president, Alberto Fernández.\n“Safe, legal and free abortion is now law … Today we are a better society,” Fernández celebrated on Twitter after the result was confirmed.\nFernández has previously said that more than 3,000 women had died as a result of unsafe, underground abortions in Argentina since the return of democracy in 1983.\nThe landmark decision means Argentina becomes only the third South American country to permit elective abortions, alongside Uruguay, which decriminalised the practice in 2012, and Guyana, where it has been legal since 1995.\nCuba legalised the practice in 1965 while Mexico City and the Mexican state of Oaxaca also allow terminations.\nGiselle Carino, an Argentinian feminist activist, said she believed the achievement in the home country of Pope Francis would reverberate across a region that is home to powerful Catholic and evangelical churches and some of the harshest abortion laws in the world.\nIn most countries, such as Brazil, abortions are only permitted in extremely limited circumstances such as rape or risk to the mother’s life, while in some, such as the Dominican Republic and El Salvador, they are banned altogether.\n“I feel incredibly proud of what we’ve been able to achieve. This is a historic moment for the country, without a doubt,” said Carino, head of the International Planned Parenthood Federation, Western Hemisphere Region.\n“It shows how, in spite of all the obstacles, change and progress are possible. Argentinian women and what’s happening right now will have an enormous impact on the region and the world,” Carino added, pointing to parallel struggles in Brazil, Chile and Colombia.\nColombian activists recently petitioned the constitutional court to remove abortion from the country’s criminal code while campaigners in Chile hope a new constitution might lead to expanded women’s rights.\nIn the region’s most populous nation, Brazil, activists are waiting for the supreme court to rule on a 2018 legal challenge that would decriminalise abortion in the first weeks of pregnancy.\nMariela Belski, Amnesty International’s executive director in Argentina, called the result “an inspiration to the Americas”.\n“Argentina has sent a strong message of hope to our entire continent: that we can change course against the criminalisation of abortion and against clandestine abortions, which pose serious risks to the health and lives of millions of people.”\nCarino said the leftward political shift that brought Fernández to power had undoubtedly boosted the pro-choice campaign after the previous year’s setback. Among those who helped Fernández win office were many young women who took part in the #NiUnaMenos protests and were voting for the first time.\nCarino said the real credit lay with Argentina’s indefatigable women “who never stopped occupying the streets and the social networks – not even against the backdrop of the pandemic – and kept up their struggle, without haste but without rest”.\n“If anything made the difference, it was this.”\nhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/30/argentina-legalises-abortion-in-landmark-moment-for-womens-rights\nA Tribute to Mary Lindsay\nNovember 16, 2020 December 1, 2020 | alexandersanger\nMary Lindsay, former board chair of Planned Parenthood of New York City and hence my one-time boss, died on October 4, 2020 at age 100.\nNot just indominable, she was unfailingly kind, thoughtful and gracious. As a leader at PPNYC, she was universally respected by her colleagues on the board and the staff. Being a nurse, she cared deeply about how we treated our clients and would walk through the clinics with an eagle eye open and her mouth shut, saving her comments for when we were alone. She knew the role of the board and that of the staff and would behave and lead accordingly. But for term limits, she would have been PPNYC’s board chair for decades.\nGenerous to PPNYC, she inspired her fellow board members and friends to be as generous as they could, again leading led by example. She chaired at least two capital campaigns, made the lead gifts and then solicited her friends to join her. She was inspiring for our common vision, and friends could not resist Mary’s call to be a part of building something larger than themselves. “I have learned it is a wonderful thing to have people give their money to something they believe in,” she once said. “I have also learned that if you do not ask for it, someone else is going to, and so you had better get there first.”\nAnd coming from Republican stock, though she had become a Democrat, she was invaluable in lobbying and cajoling politicians and donors from the Republican side of the aisle and insured that the staff be nonpartisan in our communications, when it was so tempting to be otherwise. She joined with P.L. Harrison, Barbara Mosbacher and Barbara Gimbel, of the New York State Republican Family Committee, to lobby in Albany for family planning and abortion rights.\nShe came to PPNYC from the board of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau, where she had first volunteered as a nurse and then became board chair after my father stepped down, and where she helped that organization merge into PPNYC. She and my father worked closely together and had immense respect for each other. She worked with PPNYC to incorporate the training of doctors and nurses from around the world in family planning into our clinical practice. This program, called the Margaret Sanger Center, brought the best in family planning training to practitioners serving the most needy women and men in the Third World. Mary loved to travel with PPNYC’s education staff, Peter Purdy, Shirley Oliver and Errol Alexis, to view and evaluate our far flung programs around the world.\nBelow is the list of the board and advisors of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau before Mary became chair.\nThe MSRB board was a distinguished and powerful group: women like Charlton Phelps, Helen Edey, Emily Workum and Jane Canfield worked alongside the equally powerful men: Alan Guttmacher, M.D., Henry Clay Frick, M.D., Christopher Tietze, M.D. and George Zeidenstein. Mary led them all as board chair, a tribute to her leadership and diplomatic skills, as physicians were not especially known at that time for their high opinion of nurses.\nMary and I travelled to Cairo in 1994 for the UN International Conference on Population and Development where, among other things, we appeared on a panel together on how to advocate for reproductive rights in different cultures. With us on the panel were the Health Minister of the Philippines, Juan Flavier, and from Egypt, Aziza Hussein, a leading women’s rights advocate. I spoke about PPNYC’s subway advertising campaign and Mary spoke about how she lobbied Republicans and Democrats in Albany and Washington. We stunned our fellow panelists with our forthrightness about sex – Juan Flavier had been condemned from the pulpit by Cardinal Sin of the Philippines for his advocacy of condom use to prevent HIV transmission, and Aziza Hussein spoke of how she had to avoid mentioning sex when advocating for family planning in Egypt, instead advocating for child spacing.\nJuan Flavier, Mary, Aziza Hussein, Alex Sanger\nMary speaking in Cairo\nOn the day after our panel, at Mary’s instigation, she and I, accompanied by Peter Purdy, the PPNYC Vice President for International Affairs and his wife, Susan, along with Peggy Kerry, a PPNYC advisor and sister of Senator John Kerry who was at the Conference, took a dawn horseback ride to the Sphinx and Pyramids. We had the desert to ourselves. No one of the other 20,000 delegates had the imagination or gumption to organize this mad venture. We rode across the desert in a gallop and saw the sun rise over the Pyramids as the day warmed. It was an experience we never forgot.\nMary is second from left\nMary was most interested in, as she said, “the rights of women and men to make the decision of when and whether to have a child.” She dedicated so much to make that a reality.\nShe said: “I cannot separate freedom of choice from family planning and abortion. It seems to me that you have got to be able to make your own decision about having a child, or not having a child. And, if for whatever reason, you become pregnant and you do not want to be, the option to have an abortion should be available. The same is true of contraception. From the time someone is fertile, that someone should be able to manage their fertility. I think it is as simple as that. That is not only an issue about women, but about the children that are brought into the world that is so important to me.”\nIPPF/WHR Statement on Separation from the Global IPPF – August 5, 2020\nAugust 12, 2020 | alexandersanger\nFor more than 60 years, IPPF/WHR has worked as an independent organization alongside the International Planned Parenthood Federation to secure sexual and reproductive health and rights for women and girls in the Americas and the Caribbean.\nWe are proud of what we have accomplished together over the decades, but we believe that our movement has reached a crossroads – and that separating from the global Federation is the best way to fulfill our organization’s mission.\nMore than a year ago, we initiated a process of reflection, rejecting the patriarchal and colonial legacies of the past, and reimagining the WHR through the lens of intersectional feminism. We reinvented our business and funding models to address shortfalls from IPPF’s funding structure, and we reformed our organizational structure to ensure that women and girls are at the center of our new horizontal partner model of cooperation. These reforms positioned us to meet the serious challenges of the COVID-19 global pandemic.\nThis is a unique historical moment in Latin America and the Caribbean, one in which civil society is openly rejecting patriarchal systems of oppression. IPPF/WHR is excited to embrace and work alongside a new generation of community leaders fighting for equity and social justice.\nWe are confident that our decision to separate from the global Federation will enable us to better deliver on the kind of change that is needed to support women, girls, and the underserved communities across our region. And we will do so with good governance, transparency and accountability to our donors and to the women and girls we serve.\nToday, as an independent organization, we are more committed than ever to securing sexual and reproductive health and rights for all women and girls in Latin America and the Caribbean. We are excited to embark on this new chapter and look forward to working with you as a partner in this journey.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1511516"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6389344930648804,"wiki_prob":0.36106550693511963,"text":"The Old Time Gospel: \"The Agreement Of The Old And New Testament\" by John Gill\nThe Agreement Of The Old And New Testament\nby John Gill\n\"Having therefore obtained help of God, I continue unto this day, witnessing both to small and great; saying none other things than those which the prophets and Moses did say should come: that Christ should suffer, and that he should be the first that should rise from the dead, and should shew light unto the people, and to the Gentiles.\" Acts 26: 22, 23.\nThis Lecture, which I am now about to take my leave of, was set up in the year l729, between six and seven and twenty years ago. I opened it with a discourse or two on the words of the Psalmist, in Psalm 71:16, I will go in the strength of the Lord God; I will make mention of thy righteousness, even of thine only: My view in the choice of those words was, partly to observe that I undertook the service of the Lecture, and engaged in this work, not in my own strength, but in the strength of Christ, hoping for and expecting the aid and assistance of his Spirit and grace; and partly to shew that my intentions and resolutions were to preach that great and glorious doctrine of a sinner's free justification before God, by the righteousness of Christ imputed to him, with all others that are analogous to it, or in connection with it; which Luther rightly called articulus stantis vel cadentis ecclesi�, \"the article of the church standing or falling, or that by which it stands or falls;\" for as that doctrine is received or rejected, the church of Christ in all ages and periods of time flourishes or declines. And through the grace of God I have been enabled to abide by these resolutions throughout my concern in this Lecture; and now I close it with a discourse on the words read, having therefore obtained help of God, , which are part of an apology or defence, which the apostle Paul made for himself in a very numerous assembly; at the head of which were very great personages, as Agrippa king of thc Jews, Bernice his sister, Festus the Roman governor, with the chief captains, and principal men of the city of Cesarea, and all in open court; which verified what our Lord had foretold to his disciples, saying, ye shall be brought before kings and governors for my sake (Matt. 10:10).\nThe apostle being permitted to speak for himself, addressed the king in a very polite manner, and gave an account of himself from his youth upwards; \"how that he was brought up in the strictest sect of the Jewish religion, a Pharisee; trained up in the belief and hope of the promised Messiah, and of the resurrection of the dead; and possessed with prejudices against Jesus of Nazareth and his followers, against whom he was exceeding mad, and persecuted them to strange cities; and how that in the midst of his career of rage and fury against them, it pleased the Lord to meet with him, and convert him,\" And then he relates the manner of his conversion; \"how an amazing light surrounded him and struck him, and those that were with him, to the ground; that he heard a voice speaking to him by name, and what answer he returned to it; when he was not only effectually called by grace, but the Lord Jesus Christ personally appeared to him, and made him a minister of the everlasting gospel; promised him protection and deliverance from all people, Jews and Gentiles, to whom he should send him; and pointed out the ends and usefulness of his ministration; to open the eyes of men, to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God; that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and an inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in Christ:\" upon which he observes to Agrippa, that he was not disobedient to the heavenly vision; but immediately preached the doctrines of faith, repentance and good works at Damascus; the place where he then was, and at Jerusalem, and through all the land of Judea, and then among the Gentiles; and these were the only causes and reasons of the rage of the Jews against him, and which moved them to seek to take away his life time after time: but notwithstanding, the Lord preserved him for much and long usefulness in the ministry of the gospel; which be takes notice of in the words before us, having therefore obtained help of God, In which may be observed,\nI. First, That the apostle ascribes his continuance in life, and in the ministry of the word, to the help that he had obtained of God, which help,\nDesigns the care of divine providence exercised towards him in a special way and manner. The providence of God is common to all his creatures; it is owing to that, the souls of men are upheld in life; and as life itself is a grant and favour from the Lord, so it is his providential visitation that preserves the spirits of men. In him all live, and move, and have their being (Ps. 66:9; Job 10:12; Acts 17:28), they not only have it from him, but they are supported in it by him; and there is a special providence which superintends the people of God; though he is the Saviour of all men, yet more especially of those that believe (1 Tim. 4:10); and particularly ministers of the gospel are in a remarkable manner preserved by the Lord; he holds these stars in his right hand (Rev. 2:1); they are his peculiar care and charge, and he continues their useful lives for much service in his church. This was the happy case of our apostle.\nIt takes in, and has a particular respect unto, the deliverance of him from dangers to which he was exposed, and which Christ promised him, verse 17, and he here acknowledges was made good unto him. As soon as he became a convert, and a preacher of the gospel, the Jews laid in wait for him to take away his life; insomuch that the disciples were obliged to let him down in a basket by the wall of the city of Damascus, to make his escape; at another time they found him in the temple, and fell upon him, and beat him unmercifully, and would have destroyed him, had not the chief captain of a Roman band ran to his relief: and after this, forty of them bound themselves under a curse, not to eat or drink until they had killed him; besides many perils of life was he in among the Gentiles, as at Lystra, Iconium, and other places (Acts 9:24, 25; 14:19; 21:32, 33; 23:12, 13); but he obtained help of the Lord against all his enemies, and deliverance from all dangers; and continued a faithful dispenser of the word, and stood his ground, through all difficulties, and in spite of all opposition.\nThis includes all that help and assistance which he received from the Lord in preaching the gospel; for notwithstanding his natural and acquired abilities, and the ordinary and extraordinary gifts of the spirit bestowed on him, yet he was conscious of his own weakness and inability in himself to perform such service; and therefore asks (2 Cor. 2:16), who is sufficient for these things? He knew he was not of himself, and that the grace of Christ alone was sufficient for him; that it was his strength which was made perfect in his weakness; that it was through Christ strengthening him he did all those wonderful things he did; that though he laboured more abundantly than any of the apostles, yet it was not he, but the grace of God which was with him (1 Cor. 15:10; 2 Cor. 12:9; Phil. 4:13); by which he was what he was, as a minister, and had what he had as such, and did what he did under that character; and by which he was enabled to preach the gospel so frequently, so constantly, so fully, and in so many places, from Jerusalem round about to Illyricum.\nSecondly, The apostle expresses the nature of the work he was engaged and continued in, by witnessing; it was a testifying of the gospel of the grace of God (Acts 20:24); bearing witness to the truth of it, to the grace of God in it; his free favour in choosing men to salvation, in providing and sending Christ to be the Saviour of them, and in the whole of their salvation by him: it was a giving testimony to Christ, to his person, office and grace; hence the gospel is called, the testimony of our Lord (2 Tim. 1:8): the apostles of Christ were made and appointed to be his witnesses, to testify of his incarnation, works, sufferings, death, resurrection from the dead, ascension to heaven, and of all things they had heard, and seen, and knew concerning him; and so was the apostle Paul, verse 17, and all ministers of the gospel are witnesses, who prophesy, though in sackcloth, and will do so to the end of the reign of antichrist.\nThirdly, The persons to whom he witnessed, he says, were small and great; having, no doubt, a special regard to the audience he was now addressing, consisting of great personages, as before observed, and of a multitude of the common people; he bore witness to the truths of Christ and his gospel, to all sorts of men, of every age, rank and condition of life, high and low, rich and poor; and of every character, wise and unwise; his commission being the same with the rest of the apostles, reached to all; go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature (Mark 16:15).\nFourthly, The subject-matter of the apostle's ministry is signified; 1st, More generally, as what agreed with the doctrine of the Old Testament, with Moses and the prophets: 2dly, More particularly, as it respected, in agreement with them, the sufferings and resurrection of Christ, and his being a light to Jews and Gentiles. And on these two things I shall a little enlarge.\nWhat the apostle chiefly insisted upon in his ministry in general, was the same with what Moses and the prophets had spoken of; saying none other things than those which the prophets and Moses did say should come, or should be: as he agreed with them in the following things, which are particularly respected, so in every thing they said there is an entire harmony and consent between the prophets of the Old, and the apostles of the New Testament; and especially in every thing concerning Christ: they agreed in. laying him as the foundation of the church and people of God, and of their faith, hope and happiness; hence he is called (Eph. 2:20), the foundation of the apostles and prophets. The Old and New Testaments are like the cherubim over the mercy seat, which were exactly of the same form and size; their faces were to each other, and both to the mercy seat, a type of Christ; as the cherubim were of the ministers of the word, the prophets of the Old, and the apostles of the New Testament.\nThese two parts of the sacred scripture are the church's two breasts, which are like two young roes that are twins (Cant. 4:5); that are in every thing, in nature, color and proportion like to each other. Our Lord and his apostles appealed to the writings of Moses and the prophets, for the truth of what they delivered; they fetched quotations from them to support their doctrines by; and these are said by them to be able to make men wise unto salvation; and to be profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction in righteousness; and to make the man of God thoroughly furnished unto all good works (2 Tim. 3:15-17): there is not a doctrine of the gospel, but what may be established and confirmed by these sacred books. And this will soon and easily appear by a short detail of some of the principal and peculiar doctrines of it. As,\nThe doctrine concerning the divine Being, and the persons in the Godhead. One branch of which is, that there is but one God. This is the voice of reason and revelation, the language of the Bible, of both Testaments, old and new. Our Lord frequently suggests this truth, and so do his apostles; and the apostle Paul particularly, in the name of the rest, and indeed of all Christians, says to us there is but one God (Matt. 19:17; Mark 12:29, 32; John 17:3; 1 Cor. 8:6; 1 Tim. 2:5); and this is what Moses said, hear O Israel, the Lord our God is one Lord (Deut. 6:4): the prophets say the same, and the Lord by them; before me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me, is there a God beside me? yea there is no God, I know not any (Isa. 43:10; 44:8), all which is said in opposition to the polytheism of the heathens, but not to the exclusion of any of the divine persons in the Godhead; for another branch of this doctrine is, that there is a plurality of persons in God, and that these are neither more nor fewer than three; for as the apostle John says, There are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, and these three are one (1 John 5:7); and which agrees with the doctrine of Christ, as appears by his appointing the ordinance of baptism to be administered, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost (Matt.28:19); which three divine persons appeared at the baptism of Christ; there was the Son of God in human nature submitting to that ordinance; and there was the voice of the Father from heaven, declaring, that this was his beloved Son, in whom he was well pleased; and there was the Holy Spirit, which descended as a dove upon Christ (Matt. 3:16-17); hence the ancients used to say, \"Go to Jordan and learn the doctrine of the Trinity:\" and this is no other than what is to be found in the writings of Moses and the prophets.\nMoses plainly intimates a plurality of persons in the Deity, which he represents God as saying, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness:, Let us go down and there confound their language (Gen.1:26;11:7); and his account of the creation, plainly suggests there were three, and no more. God, the first person, the Father, made the heavens and the earth; and God the Word, the essential Word, the second person, said, Let there be light, and there was light; and the Spirit of God, or the Spirit of the Messiah, as the Jews call him, the third person, moved upon the face of the waters (Gen.1:1, 2, 3), and brought the dark and unformed chaos in a beautiful order. All which is summarily comprehended in the words of the Psalmist; by the Word, the essential Word of the Lord, of Jehovah the Father, were the heavens made; and all the host of them, by the breath or spirit of his mouth (Ps. 33:6).\nAnd the prophets all agree in, and bear testimony to this truth not to mention any other than those words in Isaiah, and now the Lord God and his Spirit hath sent me (Isa. 48:16); here are Jehovah and his Spirit spoken of, as concerned in the mission of Christ into this world. Another branch of this doctrine is, that each of the divine persons is God; not to say any thing of the Father, the first person, about whom there is no question; the second person, the Son of God, is expressly called by the apostle John, the last of the apostles, with whom the rest agree, the true God and eternal life (1 John 5:20); and this doctrine clearly appears in the writings of the Old Testament, for to the Son, he saith, Thy throne, 0 God, is for ever and ever (Psa. 45:6); and he that is promised as the child that should be born, and the Son given, is named the mighty God (Isa.9:6); he who is prophesied of as the Saviour of lost sinners, is called their God, your God will come and save you (Isa. 35:4); he that is spoken of that should be incarnate and become man, is said to be not a mere man, but the man, Jehovah's fellow (Zech.13:7); his equal, who thought it no robbery to be equal with God. And as for the blessed Spirit, who, in the New Testament, is called the Lord the Spirit; and lying to him is represented as lying to God (2 Cor. 3:18; Acts 5:3, 4); so in the Old Testament such things are ascribed to him, as clearly shew him to be a divine person such as, his concern in the creation of all things; his bringing the earth into proper form and order, by moving on the face of the waters; garnishing the heavens, and bespangling them with stars; making man, and giving him life and understanding (Gen. 1:2; Job 26:13; 32:8; 33:4).\nThe doctrine respecting the person and offices of Christ, is the same in both testaments. Is he called in the New Testament the Son of God? is the doctrine of his divine Sonship written as with a sunbeam, in the books of it? is he owned to be the Son of God, by angels and men, good and bad, as well as declared to be so by his Father himself? is this an article of the apostles creed, in which they all unite, saying (John 6:6, 29), We believe and are sure that thou art Christ the Son of the living God? not by office, but by nature; for this is not a term of office, but of relation. The writings of the Old Testament agree herein, in which the second person is often called the Son of God. Daniel knew him as such, and had instilled such a sentiment of him into the mind of Nebuchadnezzar, an heathen monareh; or otherwise, how could he have said (Dan. 3:25), that the form of the fourth person, in the fiery furnace, is like the Son of God? Solomon, long before him, under the name of Agur, says (Prov. 30:4) of God, and his divine Word, What is his name, and what is his Son's name, if thou canst tell? And David his father, before him, introduces the second person, as declaring what his divine Father had said unto him; The Lord bath said Unto me, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee: hence David exhorts the kings and judges of the earth to kiss this Son of God; that is, to serve, worship, and obey him; who appeals to be a divine person, by his being a proper object of trust and confidence; blessed are all they that put their trust in him (Ps.2:7, 12).\nDo the writings of the New Testament speak of Christ as God and man in one person, this being the great mystery of godliness, God manifest in the flesh (1 Tim. 3:16)? The writings of the Old Testament speak of him also in both natures as meeting in him: when they represent him as a child to be born, they declare him to be the mighty God and everlasting Father; and when they intimate he should be a branch of David's family, they give him the name of Jehovah our righteousness; and when they speak of him as a man, they call him Jehovah's fellow Isa.9:6; Jer.23:5, 6; Zech.13:7). Is he in the New Testament said (1 Tim. 2:5) \"to be the mediator between God and men?\" the writers of the Old Testament speak of him as drawing near to God, engaging his heart to approach unto him; as becoming the surety of his people; as being the days-man that lays his hands on both; as signified by Jacob's ladder, which reached from earth to heaven, and united both; as the mercy seat, from off of which the Lord communes with his saints; and as the Angel of God's presence, who appears for his people in it, and introduces them into it (Jer. 30:21; Job 9:32; Gen. 28:12; Ex. 25:22; Isa. 63:9).\nDo the apostles of Christ make mention of him as invested with the offices of prophet, priest, and king? This is no other than what Moses and the prophets said should be. Moses foretells that God would raise up a prophet like unto him out of the children of Israel, whom they should hearken to (Deut. 18:15); and David says of the Messiah, that he was by the constitution and oath of God, a priest after the order of Melchizedek (Ps. 110:4); and other prophets signify that he should make his soul an offering for sin, and make intercession for transgressors (Isa. 53:10, 12); which are the two parts of his priestly office: and there is no need to say, that he is often promised and prophesied of as a king that should come, it is so notorious; Rejoice, 0 daughter of Zion,, thy king cometh unto thee (Zech. 9:9).\nThe several peculiar doctrines of special and distinguishing grace are to be observed in the writings of the Old Testament, as well as of the New. As for instance, the doctrine of eternal, personal election is it a truth of the New Testament, that some men are chosen in Christ their head before the foundation of the world, to be holy and happy? It is suggested in the Old, that Christ is God's, first and chief elect, in whom his soul delighteth, and is chosen by him out of the people; and has a people chosen by the Lord for his peculiar treasure and inheritance (Isa. 42:1; Ps. 89:19; 135:4); for himself, or his glory, to enjoy everlasting communion with him. Know that the Lord hath set apart, in a most wonderful and gracious manner, him that is godly; him to whom God is good and gracious, and who is the object of his free grace and favour, as the word signifies; for himself, his service and honour.\nThe same writings declare, that God has made with Christ, with David, his chosen, an everlasting covenant; that Christ is set up from everlasting as mediator of it; that his goings forth in it were of old, from everlasting; that he is the messenger of it, yea the covenant itself; that all the blessings and promises of it belong to him, and are therefore called the sure mercies of David (Ps.89:3; 2 Sam. 23:5; Prov. 8:22; Micah 5:2; Mal. 3:1; Isa. 42:6; 55:3); which are all absolute and unconditional, and are all confirmed and established by the blood of Christ, said to be the blood of the covenant (Zech. 9:11; Heb. 13:20), in one Testament, as in the other. The doctrine of particular redemption is held forth in both, and appears alike, the person of the redeemer is the same, that should come to, and out of Zion: the redeemed are the spiritual and mystical Jacob and Israel; the things they are redeemed from, are all their sins, Satan that is stronger than they, and death and hell they deserve (Isa. 59:20; 43:1; Ps. 130:7; Jer. 31:11).\nThe doctrine of justification, our apostle so much insisted upon in his ministry and writings, is clearly expressed by the prophets; from whence it appears that it is God that justifies Christ the head, and all his people in him; that it is in, and by him, that all the seed of Israel are justified and glorified; and it is in him they have their justifying righteousness, which is called an everlasting one; and hence he is called the Lord their righteousness (Isa.50:8; 45:24, 25; Dan. 9:24; Jer. 23:6). The doctrine of pardon of sin, which is an evangelical one, and of pure revelation, is spoken of by Moses and the prophets, as by Christ; for to him give all the prophets witness, that through his name whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins (Acts 10:43), and by them it appears that there is forgiveness with God; and that it is of all sins, and is an act of God's free grace and mercy, and peculiarly his; and who, before the face of Moses, proclaimed his name, a God gracious and merciful, pardoning inequity, transgression and sin (Ps. 130:4; 103:3; Isa. 43:25; Ex. 34:6, 7).\nAnd the agreement of other doctrines of the New Testament with the Old, may easily be observed, as being no other than what is there asserted; as that conversion is not by might or power of man, but by the Spirit of the Lord (Zech. 4:6); and that they that have the true grace of God shall persevere to the end; shall go from strength to strength, grow stronger and stronger, and hold on their way; and that the fear of God being put into their hearts, they shall never depart from him (Ps. 84:7; Job 17:9; Jer. 32:40); and that there will be a resurrection of the dead, and a future judgment; that those that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to everlasting shame and contempt (Dan. 12:2); and that God will judge the righteous and the wicked, and bring every work into judgment, good or evil, open or secret (Eccl. 3:17; 12:14).\nII. The particular things here observed, in the ministration of which the apostle agreed with Moses and the prophets, are such as respect the sufferings and resurrection of Christ, and his being a light to Jews and Gentiles; that Christ should suffer, and that he should be the first that should rise from the dead, and shew light to the people and to the Gentiles.\n1st, That Christ should suffer; a suffering Christ is the principal subject of the gospel-ministry. The apostles preached Christ crucified, as having suffered the death of the cross in the room and stead of, and for the sake of men; and the apostle Paul determined to know, that is, to make known none but Christ, and him crucified, as the only Saviour of men. This was the first and principal thing of all which he delivered wherever he came, that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures (1 Cor. 1:23; 2:2; 15:3). The person said to suffer, is Christ; not the Father, as some, called Patri-passians from thence, are said to hold; they, as the Sabellians, asserting there is but one person in the Godhead; but of the Father our Lord says, ye have neither heard his voice at any time, nor seen his shape (John 5:37).\nHe never assumed a nature capable of suffering; nor the Holy Spirit neither; he formed, prepared, and adorned the human nature of Christ, and Christ through the eternal Spirit offered himself to God (Heb. 9:14); but the Spirit suffered not; it was the Son of God that became incarnate, and appeared in the likeness of sinful flesh; and whom God spared not, but delivered up into the hands of justice and death for us all (Rom. 8:3, 32): it was not indeed in his divine nature, as the Son of God, he suffered, for that is impossible; but in the human nature he assumed, which he took on purpose, that he might have something to offer; as it was necessary he should, that he might be put to death, in the flesh, and be crucified through weakness (1 Pet. 3:18; 2 Cor. 13:4): and yet his sufferings are ascribed to his whole person, and even as that is denominated from his divine nature; just as what belongs to his divine nature is predicated of his person, as denominated from his human nature; for instance, his omnipresence, which is an attribute of Deity, is ascribed to Christ, denominated the Son of man; and no man bath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven (John 3:13): and so, on the other hand, the sufferings of Christ, which are peculiar to his human nature, are spoken of his person, as described from his divine nature; as when it is said, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory, and God purchased the church with his own blood (1 Cor.2:8; Acts 20:28): this is owing to that strict, close, hypostatical, or personal union there is of the two natures in the Son of God; and hence is the efficacy of the blood, righteousness and sacrifice of Christ: his blood cleanseth from all (1 John 1:7), because it is the blood of him who is the Son of God; and his righteousness justifies from all sin, because it is the righteousness of God, of him who is God as well as man; and his sacrifice expiates all sin, and is a sufficient atonement for it, because it is the sacrifice of himself.\nShould it be asked, what it was that Christ suffered? The answer is, That he suffered in his name, credit, and reputation, which he willingly submitted to, and therefore is said to have made himself of no reputation (Phil. 2:8); he was content to be reckoned a worm, and no man (Ps. 22:6); he was traduced as a sinful man, as a seditious person, as having a devil, and doing his miracles by his help and assistance. He suffered in his body, being beat and bruised, buffeted and scourged, pierced in his hands and feet with nails, in his side with a spear, and in his head with thorns; he suffered the painful, shameful and accursed death of the cross: he suffered in his soul, partly by the temptations of Satan, for he suffered being tempted (Heb. 2:18): and partly by enduring the wrath of God in the room and stead of his people; in the garden, when his soul became exceeding sorrowful even unto death (Matt. 26:38); and upon the cross, when his God and Father forsook him, and he cried out in the agony of his spirit, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me (Matt. 27:46)? his soul, as well as his body, was offered, and became a sacrifice for sin.\nAnd all this he endured, not on his own account; he was cut off in a judicial way, by the hand of divine justice, but not for himself (Dan. 11:26), not for any sin of his; he knew none, nor did any; but, he was wounded for our transgressions, and bruised for our iniquities; it was for the transgression of his people that he was stricken (Isa. 53:6, 8), smitten and afflicted of God; not for angels, and any sins of theirs, whose nature he did not assume, nor are they spared and saved; but for men, sinful men, the worst of men, the chief of sinners he suffered, the just for the unjust (1 Pet. 3:18); not for all the individuals of mankind; for his redeemed ones are redeemed from among men, and out of every kindred, tongue, people, and nation (Rev.14:4; 5:9); they are a people Christ suffered for, his sheep he laid down his life for, the church he gave himself an offering and a sacrifice for unto God, of a sweet-smelling savour (Titus 2:14; John 10:15; Eph. 5:2, 25): and his ends in all his sufferings were to make peace with God for them, which is done by the blood of his cross; to procure the pardon of all their sins, which is obtained the same way; and to redeem them from all iniquity; which redemption is also through his blood; and to deliver them out of the hands of all their enemies, and particularly from him who had the power of death, the devil; and to bring many sons to glory, for which it was necessary the captain of their salvation should be made perfect through suffering.\nFor there was an absolute necessity of them; Ought not Christ to have suffered these things (Luke 24:26)? He must; partly on the account of God, his counsels and decrees, his promises and prophecies. God resolved on saving sinners by Christ; he appointed him to be his salvation; he determined he should suffer and die and he was given up to men, by the determinate counsel of God, who did to him \"none other things than what his hand and counsel determined before should be done;\" and to fulfill the decrees of God, it was necessary Christ should suffer for his council shall stand (Isa. 46:10); as well as to make good the many promises and prophecies concerning this matter, delivered out by the mouth of his holy prophets; and had he not suffered, how then could the scriptures be fulfilled that thus it must be (Matt. 26:54)?\nAnd partly on account of Christ himself, his covenant-engagements, to do this part of his Father's will, and the several predictions he himself gave out, that he should suffer many things of the scribes and Pharisees, and die and rise again. As also on the account of the Lord's people, who otherwise could not be saved for here was a law broken, which must be fulfilled; not only its precepts obeyed, but its penalty, which was death, must be endured; injured and affronted justice to be satisfied, which could only be done by the sinner, or surety for him, suffering the demerit of sin; there was no other way of saving sinners but by the sufferings of Christ; consistent with the purposes of God, his counsel and covenant; with the engagements of Christ, and the happiness of the Lord's people, these sufferings could not be avoided: it was not possible the cup should pass from him; could any other way have been found out, or these sufferings excused, that prayer of our Lord would have (Matt. 26:39) procured it.\nNow all these sufferings of Christ were no other than what were foretold by Moses and the prophets. The first promise or hint of a Messiah, suggests, that he would be a suffering one, Thou shalt bruise his heel (Gen. 3:15); and all the prophets speak of him as subject to reproach and trouble, to pains and sorrows, to distress of every kind, and death itself. Read over the 22nd Psalm, and the 53rd chapter of Isaiah, and it will be abundantly evident from thence, and other passages, how the prophets testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow (1 Pet. 1:11): these show that he would be a man of sorrows and acquainted with griefs; that he would be wounded, bruised, give his back to the smiters, and his checks to them that plucked off the hair; that he would be brought to the dust of death, and his soul be poured out unto death; and that he should be buried, and make his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death.\nYea, the several circumstances of his sufferings and death are most minutely and exactly foretold in the writings of the prophets; as that he should be betrayed by one of his disciples, one that ate bread with him should lift up his heel against him (Ps. 41:9); that he should be sold for thirty pieces of silver, the price of a servant (Zech 11:12, 13; 13:7); the goodly price he was prized at by them; that he should be deserted by all the disciples, when he should be seized and smitten; that he should be crucified between two thieves, or numbered among the transgressors (Isa. 53:12); that the soldiers should part his garments, and cast lots on his vesture; that they should give him gall for his meat, and vinegar for his drink, and that his side should be pierced with a spear.\n2dly, Another particular in which the apostle agreed with Moses and the prophets, is, that Christ should be the first of the resurrection of the dead, or should rise first from thence: that he is risen is certain, not only from the testimony of the women who first came to his sepulchre, and to whom he first appeared; but from the testimony of his disciples and others: of these, he was first seen of Cephas or Peter, then of the twelve, after that of above five hundred brethren at once; next of James, then of all the apostles; and even after his ascension he was seen by Stephen standing on the right hand of God; and last of all by our apostle, as here declared in the context, as one born out of due time (1 Cor. 15:6-8; Acts 7:55).\nNow the apostles of our Lord were chosen witnesses of God for this purpose (Acts 10:41), and were men of unquestionable characters; they were thoroughly acquainted with Christ, and could not be imposed upon nor were they over-credulous; nay they were incredulous to a fault, and in this very case; they believed not the first report of it from the women, and the two disciples that traveled with Jesus to Emmaus; and therefore Christ at his first appearance to them upbraided them with their unbelief, because they believed not them which had seen him after he was risen (Mark 16:11, 13, 14): and they had all the opportunities and advantages of satisfying themselves in this matter they could wish for; he shewed himself alive to them by in fallible proofs (Acts 1:3); he was seen of them for the space of forty days, during which time they frequently ate, and drank, and conversed with him; and they were men of probity and honesty, and had no sinister ends, nor worldly views to answer by making such a report; but were sure to meet with reproach and disgrace, with rage and persecution, and with death itself in every shape wherever they came with it: nay, the resurrection of Christ is further confirmed by the testimonies of angels, who declared at the grave, that he was not there, but was risen (Luke 24:6); and not they, and men only, were witnesses of this, but the Holy Ghost also, by signs and wonders of his attending the declaration of it (Acts 5:31, 32).\nMoreover, not only Christ was to rise from the dead, but he was to rise first, as he did; for though there were others that rose before him, as to time, as the son of the widow of Sarepta, who was raised by Elijah, and the Shunamite's son by Elisha, and the daughter of Jairus, and the son of the widow of Nain, and Lazarus, by our Lord; yet these were raised, not by their own power, but by the power of another: whereas Christ was raised by his own power, and so declared to be the Son of God: they rose to die again, but he rose to an immortal life, never to die more; he was the first to whom God, in this sense, shewed the path of life (Ps. 16:11); for though he was dead he is alive, and lives for evermore, and has the keys of hell and death (Rev. 1:18): likewise, he was the first in dignity that rose from the dead; be who is the first-born among main, brethren, is the first-begotten from the dead; he rose not as a private person, but as the head of the body, the church, as the representative of all his people, and they were raised up together with him (Col. 1:18; Eph. 2:6); also he is the first in causality; he is the first cause of the resurrection; as by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead.\nIt is by virtue of his power, and in consequence of union with him, the saints will rise; he is the first-fruits of them that sleep (1 Cor. 15:20, 21, 23); the earnest and pledge of their resurrection; as sure as his dead body is raised, so sure shall theirs; his glorious body, raised, is the exemplar and pattern, according to which the bodies of the saints will be fashioned in the resurrection-morn and it will be owing to his voice, and to the exertion of his almighty power, that the graves will be opened, and the dead will come forth and appear before him (Isa. 26:9; Phil. 3:21; John 5:28, 29).\nNow this is a very principal doctrine of the gospel, and of great moment and importance; on this the proof of' Jesus' being the true Messiah, greatly depends; this is the sign he chose to give to the adulterous and unbelieving generation of the Jews, when they required one of him, saying (Matt. 12:39), there shall no sign be given it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas; his lying three days and three nights in the whale's belly, a type of Christ's resurrection from the dead on the third day. This doctrine is of so much consequence, that were it not true, the whole of Christianity, the doctrine and preaching of it, the faith and hope of Christians would be affected with it, yea, be all vain (1 Cor. 15:14) and worthless. The resurrection of Christ has a very great concern in the justification of men; for he was raised again for our justification (Rom. 4:25); and it has an influence on their regeneration, to which it is sometimes ascribed; and Kith may be designed by the power of his resurrection (1 Pet. 1:3; Phil. 3:10), as well as the resurrection of his people at the last day, which depends upon it. And the whole of this doctrine is no other than what Moses and the prophets said should be; it is perfectly agreeable to the writings of the Old Testament; it was hinted at in the types, of Isaac being received from the dead as in a figure by his father, after he had given him up for dead for three days; and of Jonas being delivered from the belly of the whale, after he had lain in it three days and three nights; it was foretold by David, Isaiah, and Hosea particularly; who declare he should not see corruption in the grave, that his dead body should arise, and he, and his people with him, should be quickened after two days (Ps.16:10; Isa. 26:19; Hos. 6:2).\n3dly and lastly, Another thing the apostle had asserted, which Moses and the prophets had done before him, was, that Christ would be a light to Jews and Gentiles; or would shew light unto the people, and to the Gentiles; first to the people of the Jews, and then to the nations of the world.\nTo the Jews. Christ was first sent to them, even to the lost sheep of the house of Israel (Matt. 15:24); and to them only; he was the minister of the circumcision (Rom. 15:8), or of the circumcised Jews, to fulfill to them what God had promised and foretold: and though they received him not, but rejected him, he sent his apostles to them first, and charged them not to go into the way of the Gentiles, or into any of the cities of the Samaritans; and when their commission was enlarged after his resurrection, they were ordered to begin their ministry at Jerusalem (Matt. 10:6, 7; Luke 24:47). Now these people, notwithstanding they had the law and statutes of God, his word and ordinances, and the divine oracles committed to them, yet were in great darkness, and had no true understanding of them; in those times there was a veil over their minds in reading the books of the Old Testament concerning Christ, and the things of the gospel; they were blinded, and so were their leaders the scribes and Pharisees. Christ came a light unto them, and the light of grace and truth came by him; and some through his ministry, and that of his apostles, were spiritually and savingly enlightened.\nTo the Gentiles. These were in great darkness before the coming of Christ; they were without a divine revelation, without any knowledge of God and Christ; they were suffered to walk in their own ways of darkness, superstition, and idolatry; their times before this were times of ignorance and blindness: but when Christ came, he sent his apostles to them with the gospel to enlighten them; and they carried it throughout the world; and by means of it, many were called and turned from gross darkness to marvelous light. And now all this was agreeable to the writings of the Old Testament, which represent Christ as the sun of righteousness; as that great light which should arise and shine on the Galilean Jews, that sat in darkness, and in the shadow of death, and should also be a light of the Gentiles (Mal. 4:2; Isa. 9:2; 42:6); and so good old Simeon understood the prophecies concerning him, that he should be a light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of the people of Israel (Luke 2:32).\nThe use of all this is, a wonderful confirmation of divine revelation, of the truth of Christianity, and of Jesus being the true Messiah; for since the various things foretold in the Old Testament by Moses and the prophets, at sundry times and in divers manners, appear to be fulfilled in the New, this proves the revelation to be of God; that Christianity stands upon a sure foundation, and that Jesus of Nazareth is the Christ promised and prophesied of from the beginning of the world. And this may serve to recommend the writings of the Old Testament to the reading and perusal of men; since they testify of Christ so clearly, concerning his person, office, and grace, and are so profitable for doctrine, and instruction in righteousness (John 5:39; 2 Tim. 3:16): we have here also the plan of the gospel-ministry; that it is a suffering, risen, and exalted Saviour, held forth as a light to Jews and Gentiles. This was the plan of the ministry of the apostle Paul; and no man need be ashamed to copy after such an example, who was the greatest preacher that ever was upon the earth, excepting our Lord Jesus Christ.\nAnd now, my friends, If call you to dear witness that these truths, and what have been briefly suggested in this discourse, have been what I have chiefly insisted upon in the course of this Lecture; namely, the doctrines of a Trinity of persons in the Godhead; of the person and office of Christ; of the person and operations of the Blessed Spirit; of special and distinguishing grace, as it appears in election, redemption, justification, adoption, regeneration, sanctification, and the final perseverance of the saints; with other doctrines which are in consequence of them, and in connection with them. And now I, am about to take my leave of you, and this Lecture, and do: not through any dislike of the work I have been so long engaged in; not through any disgust at any thing I have met with; not through any discouragement for want of attendance or subscription; I have nothing to complain of; the Lecture was never in better circumstance than it now is. But I find my natural strength will not admit me to preach so frequently, and with so much constancy, as I have done for many years past; being now on the decline of life, in the fortieth year of my ministry; so that it is time for me to have done with extra-service, I mean, service out of the church of which I am pastor. But a more principal reason is, that I may have a little more time and leisure to attend to, and finish an arduous work upon my hands,\nAn Exposition of the Whole Old Testament\nPart of which work, I shall immediately propose for publication; and if I meet with encouragement, the publishing of this will be an additional weight upon me; and I have no other way of easing myself, but by dropping the Lecture; and these, and these only, are my reasons for so doing. And now as I would be, and am, thankful to the God of my life, who has given me so much health and strength, to carry on this Lecture for such a course of years, with very little interruption for want of health; so I would, and do return thanks to you, my friends, who have so long encouraged and supported me with your presence and purse; and I heartily wish and pray, that you may be preserved from the prevailing errors of the times, and may be kept stedfast in the faith of the gospel, and abide by the truths and ordinances of it; and that the means of grace you attend upon, in season, and out of season, here, or elsewhere, may he blessed unto you for your comfort and edification; and that you may grow in grace, and in the knowledge of Jesus Christ, and be made meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints of light.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1020849"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7294548749923706,"wiki_prob":0.7294548749923706,"text":"Scotsburn community leaders develops a board game to help educate children about fire preparedness\nPublished by https://www.thecourier.com.au/\nAUSTRALIA – The important topic of bushfire preparation has been repackaged in to a fun board game by those who have been through the hell of a major fire.\nSeven Scotsburn community leaders, who came together after fires ripped through the region in 2015, devised the board game for children to learn how best to prepare their properties before summer.\nThe Scotsburn fire game Should I Stay or Should I Go – Be Prepared, features 100 cards with photos of the local area.\n“This is a game that has local meaning and was developed by local people. It is empowering for young people and their families to develop resilience in preparing for bushfires and emergencies,” said group member Carol Bond.\n“It’s all about learning to be prepared for bushfire and what children can do at their own homes to get ready for the fire season.\n“And it’s a catalyst for young people to start a conversation with parents about playing the game at school and what they should be doing to get their homes ready.”\nThe leaders came together as part of a program, funded through councils and Emergency Management Victoria, established to develop leadership skills and enhance the resilience of the community after the fires.\nThe group developed a project to produce a game that would be educational around fire safety and preparedness for the bushfire season, which is based on a similar concept developed by the Surf Coast Shire.\n“The card photographs of the local area, pre and post fire are something that will be remembered by all who play this board game,” said Moorabool mayor Cr Paul Tatchell.\nNinety games have been produced and will be distributed free through primary schools in the greater Scotsburn area for children from grade five upwards.\nThe three-month leadership program ended five months ago but its members have decided to continue as a community group called Accelerate Scotsburn.\n“As a group, we tapped into each other’s strengths and learnt more about the community,” Ms Bond said.\n15. June 2018 /by Fernando Casillas Bernal","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line398721"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6162175536155701,"wiki_prob":0.38378244638442993,"text":"Garment exports stand at over $40m in 7 months\nJanuary 6, 2021 - 12:31\nTEHRAN- The value of Iran’s garment exports stood at over $40 million during the first seven months of the current Iranian calendar year (March 20-October 21, 2020), the chairman of Iran Textile Exporters and Manufacturers Association (ITEMA) announced.\nMajid Nami also mentioned the exit of foreign brands of clothing from the country in the past two years, as well as the government's decision to ban the import of clothing, which provided a great opportunity for Iranian producers.\nNami has previously announced that the production of garments in Iran increased 70 percent during the first eight months of the current Iranian calendar year (March 20-November 20, 2020), compared to the same period of time in the past year.\nHe said the ban on foreign brands import and the closure of borders due to the spread of the coronavirus and the reduction of smuggled garments have contributed to this success.\nSince the beginning of this year, garment production has fluctuated, but in general, the production situation has been satisfactory for the producers, he stated.\n“Today, the share of Iranian brands in the market has increased significantly compared to the last year”, Nami underscored.\nAs announced by the spokesman of the Islamic Republic of Iran Customs Administration (IRICA), Ruhollah Latifi, Iranian garments are exported to Iraq, Kuwait, Australia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Germany, Korea, Japan, UAE, UK, Venezuela, Ivory Coast, Italy, Turkey, Canada, Qatar, Oman, Nigeria, Switzerland, Pakistan, Georgia, Spain, and Denmark.\nAccording to the chairman of Tehran’s Union of Garments Manufacturers and Sellers, domestic units are supplying 70-80 percent of the requirement for clothing inside the country.\n“After the ban imposed on the imports of clothing, domestic units are taking all endeavors to boost the quality and quantity of their products in a way that we saw no shortage in clothing market before the new year holiday (early March),” Abolqasem Shirazi has said.\nMA/MA\nTextile, garment exports\nseven months\nMajid Nami","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line641462"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7850456237792969,"wiki_prob":0.7850456237792969,"text":"Home CULTURE People Silver & Spice\nSilver & Spice\nby Abby Laub\nMamadou and Rachel Savané’s home in Lexington’s charming Kenwick neighborhood is filled with beautiful displays that tell their inspiring story of life in Guinea and America. At first, their story didn’t feel so inspiring, nor was it as well-decorated. It began in 1992 in a huge rainstorm, with a group of American and Guinean friends crowded into the back of a taxi outside of Kindia, Guinea, en route to go dancing.\n“It was pouring rain, and I was in the process of buying a raincoat for $5,” Rachel recalled. “That’s when Savané approached. He and his friend made extraordinary efforts to get a taxi for us because of the rain. Everyone’s desperate. They went out into the pouring rain and engaged a taxi. We all get in and the first stop is a gas station, and Savané steps out and takes off his dancing shoes and socks and is wringing them out. He did this Sav smile, and I nudged my girlfriend ... For me, that was the moment I knew.”\nMamadou, better known by his friends as “Sav,” said he had no idea Rachel was smitten. Mutual friends of theirs were dating, and their paths continued to fortuitously weave together, without the benefit of the internet or cellphones. Twenty-five years later, they are living in Kentucky, raising three children and running three successful businesses.\nRachel at work on her exquisite silver jewelry creations [Abby Laub photo]\nRachel moved to Lexington, following her older sister from Chicago after attending the University of Illinois. She joined the Peace Corps when she was 25 and was stationed in the West African country of Guinea from 1990-93.\n“I was a guy living with his mom,” Sav quipped. “I was the man of the house because my parents divorced when I was little. My mom had three boys, and my stepdad had passed away. My older brother was abroad in France, and I had three younger stepsisters.”\nHe said many of his peers went to Europe, Canada or the United States in search of a better life. He joked that when he and Rachel began dating, he became a local celebrity. Rachel speaks French, so the two could communicate. Their relationship began in a group of friends and involved a lot of dancing, going to movies and eating good food. On the dance floor is when Sav realized their relationship was special.\nRachel was in the “generalist” category during her Peace Corps service and joked, “Savané was my thesis,” when her time in Guinea was coming to a close. She extended her stay a few more months, and the pair almost married before her time was up.\n“I had to give up my Peace Corps hut and would be homeless,” she said. “In his culture, you don’t live with a woman if you’re not married.”\nHe added, “She was homeless, so she could live with me or just go back to the States without me. I had to go and have a talk with my mom; she approved it.”\nThe couple examined their future. Both were jobless and had major cultural hurdles to overcome. Rachel said her family knew nothing of the relationship. “I said, ‘I’ve got nothing; you’ve got nothing, so what can we do?’ ” Rachel recalled. “So we went to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to find out how to get married. We had to go to Senegal to do immigration stuff and had no money. I freaked out.”\nGetting married in Africa wouldn’t work, so they decided to get a U.S. visa for Sav and were shocked when they got it. A big party ensued in his village.\nRachel was then able to secure a three-month job with the United States Agency for International Development in the capital of Conakry. Sav was summoned to Kindia by his father, who had heard about the visa and admonished his son for not yet traveling to the U.S. So while Rachel worked her temporary job, Sav took a plane to Brooklyn and stayed with his brother. Six weeks later, a moping Rachel was heading to New York City to meet her love.\n“It crossed my mind that he might not be there; I knew I had a 50-50 chance,” Rachel said, explaining how it’s not unheard of to be taken advantage of for the sake of a visa.\nSav smiled and said, “I was not a scam.”\n“Absolute elation” is what Rachel said she felt. “All that I remember was that I saw him.”\nSav serves up a delicious meal at Sav's Grill [Abby Laub photo]\nA chain of events that involved the couple being mostly penniless and nomadic—and Sav not knowing English— led the pair from New York to Cincinnati to Lexington, with a few stops in Chicago and elsewhere in the Midwest. Through odd jobs, a commitment to each other, and the graciousness of friends and family, they survived the first few years.\nTheir first apartment in Lexington was on High Street and Stone Avenue. The couple finally tied the knot by walking down to the old courthouse—he in overalls and she “at least in a skirt,” she recalled.\n“The judge came out with his sandwich from his lunch break, [and] put his sandwich back in his office,” Sav laughed, admitting he couldn’t understand most of what the judge said. “A lawyer in an office next door spoke French. He said, ‘Sure, let’s go.’ ”\nRachel said, “I was definitely crying. It’s those words: ‘to have and to hold’ that applied to us.”\nThey were married on June 29, 1993, with no rings and no one else knowing.\nSav secured a job as a busboy at The Campbell House hotel restaurant. The couple moved to a less expensive apartment and, by November 1993, found out Rachel was expecting their first child.\nIn June 1994, their son, Bangaly, was born prematurely in Nebraska, while the couple was visiting family and friends. Before traveling, they had looked at homes and settled on a closing date on the same Victory Avenue house they live in today. They said it was miraculous they got a loan with no credit history.\n“There was a good neighborhood housing loan program with Republic Bank, where you could write an essay about your potential,” Rachel said. “So we wrote our story, and it got us the dang loan.”\nThe closing date happened to fall when Rachel was in the Nebraska hospital with Bangaly, so Sav was charged with closing on the house without her.\n“I still knew hardly any English,” he recalled. “They said, ‘Sign here; sign here,’ and we got the house.”\nRachel’s parents flew her back to Kentucky. “I walked through O’Hare with a baby in a basket,” she recalled and was finally home to be with her husband in their new, empty house.\nRachel's Savané Silver boutique is located in downtown Lexington [Abby Laub photo]\nBy 1995, Rachel was introduced to the art fair scene. Her degree was in metalsmithing, and she had been working mostly noncreative jobs. She wondered if she could make a living with her art. She secured a small art studio in 1996 and started making jewelry. Taking a leap to quit her job as a secretary, she dove into the art and held her first open house in 1997.\nIn the meantime, Sav went to work for the Hyatt Regency and finally became fluent in English. He also worked for 15 years at UPS and the Lexington Country Club.\nWhen Bangaly was 3, Sav took him to Guinea to meet relatives, and while he was gone, Rachel discovered she was pregnant with their second child. Their daughter Diaka was born in 1998, followed by daughter Kanny in 2000.\nBy 2003, Rachel had opened a small jewelry gallery, Savané Silver, in downtown Lexington, and Sav was still employed by UPS. Sav’s mother spent extended time in Lexington to help with the children. “She helped a lot and did a lot of cooking; she’s a great cook, and I learned a lot,” Sav said. The wheels began to turn about opening his own restaurant.\nAt the time, the Savanés were involved in neighborhood block parties, and Sav’s food became popular. By 2008, at the height of the economic crash, he left UPS and opened Sav’s Grill, featuring West African cuisine, downtown.\n“I asked Rachel, ‘Do you trust me?’ She said, ‘Yes.’ We trusted each other,” Sav said. “So we refinanced the house and started Sav’s. So this house funded the business. Besides having children, this house was the best thing we did.”\nIn 2012, they dove into the ice cream business, opening Sav’s Chill across the street from Sav’s Grill. Bangaly was charged with running that business to pay for his college and flight lessons.\nSav credits his mother with teaching him a lot about cooking [Abby Laub photo]\nTragedy struck in 2014, when Sav sustained second-degree burns on half of his body by spilling hot peanut oil in a kitchen accident. He was hospitalized and out of work for weeks. About a month before the accident, he had shared all of his recipes with Bangaly—recipes that for years he’d prepared from memory. Bangaly, along with a bevy of supportive friends and customers, stepped up to help with time and money. Rachel, in shock and grief, relied on friends to drive her around and manage daily tasks.\n“He does so much for the community,” Rachel said, crying when discussing the accident. “We said, ‘How many people does it take to replace Sav?’ The answer is five to 10.”\nShe recalled a moment that felt nothing short of divine. Sav’s skin was peeled and half pink when she visited him on a Sunday night while he was still in the hospital. “I went home to be with the kids, and Monday I came back, and his skin was halfway brown; I was shocked!” she recalled. “His chest and half his head were pink, and that’s where I think the prayers of the people had healed him.”\nEventually, the pair was able to get back to work. Savané Silver, in its 22nd year and now at a prime downtown spot on the corner of North Broadway and Short, is going strong after a “slow, but very steady build.” Rachel creates exquisite handmade silver pendants, earrings and rings using Kentucky agate and gemstones from around the world, including Africa.\nOver the years, Rachel and Sav have helped out in each other’s business, Rachel joking that Sav’s smile has gotten him far. Ten years later, Sav’s Grill is the only West African restaurant in Lexington.\nTheir story of grit and determination is one that Rachel likes to call “blind confidence.”\n“You just have to try,” Sav said. “No one knows how it will end up; only by trying can you find out. We didn’t know what we were getting into, which is better. Knowing too much could stop you in your tracks. Jump in and take one day at a time.”\n“A quote from my mother when I was a young adult: ‘No one tells Rachel what to do,’ and I, of course, don’t see it that way,” she said, adding that she was raised with an excellent work ethic and is proud of her kids for having the same drive. “In my mind, I am trying hard to accomplish my desires. I don’t think they always work out, but I do try hard.”\nAfter 25 years, the Savanés remain happily married. The secret?\n“No smile flashing; she’ll beat me up,” Sav joked. “The connection we have had since the beginning helps us a lot. Communication also. And compromise is the secret. Any long relationship requires it. No one is perfect.”\nThey respect each other and agree they never cared much about cultural differences. “For me, there was a wonderful discovery when Sav had his accident, and we were face-to-face in the house day-in and day-out for months; we like each other’s company,” Rachel said. “We had not had that much one-on-one time since our kids were born, and we had regular jobs—approximately 20 years at that point.”\nThe Savanés are trying to foster their adventurous spirit in their children, who keep them up to speed on “modern ways and racial issues,” Rachel said. Already, the kids have spent time overseas, learned to fly and tackled other big tasks.\n“I am proud of them being adventurous,” Sav said. “The more adventurous, the more you understand life and the world. I think about my daughter in France every day. I wish she could call more often. But we are laying out a good example to them. About working hard. This will help them in the future. I am sure about that.”\n“The day after Bangaly got his pilot’s license, I was in a plane with him,” Rachel added. “Diaka, the month after turning 16, was on a plane to France, not to return for 11 months. Kanny has enjoyed many things physical: color guard and lacrosse. In all cases, I support my children’s passions. I encourage them, even if I don’t facilitate them financially to a great extent. I believe in the value of working for the thing you desire.”\nNow, Sav said he’s “looking forward to retirement. Too much work in this country!”\nIn the future, he hopes one of the children will take over his businesses, and they’d like to travel more often to Guinea.\n“Double life—Lexington and Conakry,” Rachel said. “Two homes and other traveling ventures in between to see people we know who reside at many points on the globe. We will figure out how to do it all and keep the businesses running, I’m sure.”\nSo far, their ambitious plans have worked.\nTo see more of Rachel’s silver and gemstone creations, visit:\nSavané Silver\nLexington, savanesilver.com\nSample Sav’s culinary creations at:\nSav’s Grill & West African Cuisine\n304 South Limestone Street\nLexington, savsgrill.weebly.com\nTop off your meal with ice cream from:\nSav’s Chill\nLexington, savschill.weebly.com\nlove lexington kentucky love People Kentuckians Food & Drink Food artists\nAbby Laub\nArticles by writer Abby Laub\nRead more by Abby Laub\nComedian Caitlin Peluffo (The Late Show with Stephen Colbert)\nJan 28, 2022 - Jan 29, 2022\nPlanet of the Tapes\nReba McEntire in Concert at Rupp Arena\nJan 28, 2022 7:00 PM - 11:00 PM\nRupp Arena and Heritage Hall\nJason Isbell and the 400 Unit at The Louisville Palace\nThe Louisville Palace\nConcerts & Live Music Kids & Family Theater & Dance\nAn Officer and a Gentleman at Lexington Opera House\nLexington Opera House\nOutdoor Theater & Dance\nThe Carnegie presents The Sound of Music\nJan 29, 2022 - Feb 13, 2022\nThe Carnegie Visual and Performing Arts Center\nKids & Family Theater & Dance\nLexington Children's Theatre Presents Mufaro’s Beautiful Daughters\nJan 30, 2022 - Feb 6, 2022\nConcerts & Live Music Theater & Dance\nDali String Quartet at Glema Mahr Center for the Arts\nGlema Mahr Center for the Arts\nArt & Exhibitions Kids & Family\nBlack History Exhibit at the Kentucky Gateway Museum Center\nKentucky Gateway Museum Center\nFebruary Plant Release at Yew Dell Gardens\nFeb 2, 2022 9:00 AM - 4:00 PM\nYew Dell Gardens\nEducation & Learning Home & Garden Workshops\nComposting for Healthier Soil – In-Person Workshop\nKosair Shrine Circus at the Kentucky Exposition Center\nKentucky Exposition Center\nAMERICA - 50th Anniversary Concert at the Carson Center\nThe Carson Center\nLive Sirius XM Taping at Planet of the Tapes","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line694208"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7461774349212646,"wiki_prob":0.7461774349212646,"text":"2 die in separate Utah avalanches over weekend\nSALT LAKE CITY (AP) — Two people were killed in separate avalanches in Utah after several feet of fresh snowfall in the state unleashed a series of weekend slides.\nThe first happened Saturday in American Fork Canyon, about 35 miles south of Salt Lake City. Officials said Brigham Young University student Ashleigh Cox, 21, was snowshoeing when she was caught in an avalanche that swept her 50 feet into a creek.\nWitnesses couldn’t dig her out and she was stuck under the snow for about 40 minutes, according to Utah County Sheriff’s Sgt. Spencer Cannon. Rescuers were able to revive Cox, who’s from Colorado Springs, Colo., but she was taken off life support Sunday afternoon.\nThe second fatal slide happened about 5 p.m. Sunday roughly 90 miles away in Sanpete County. Clint Conover, 36, was riding with three other experienced snowmobilers when the avalanche happened in the backcountry near Huntington Reservoir, according to Sanpete County sheriff’s officials.\nThe group was prepared with avalanche beacons and dug Conover out from under 6 to 8 feet of snow, but he later died.\nSheriff’s officials said Conover, who was from Ferron, is survived by his wife and five children.\nThe Utah Avalanche Center warned of extreme avalanche danger over the weekend in the mountains of northern and central Utah. Utah mountains had been covered with a weak layer of snow due to the mild winter, but several feet of fresh, heavy snow on top created conditions ripe for avalanches, according to Bruce Tremper, the center’s director.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line58117"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6195129156112671,"wiki_prob":0.3804870843887329,"text":"Home | Blog | On the 15th Anniversary of 9/11, Some Good News for WTC First Responders\nOn the 15th Anniversary of 9/11, Some Good News for WTC First Responders\nLast Sunday was the 15th Anniversary of one of the darkest days in our history. The attack on our nation at multiple locations marked a turning point in our world and changed our lives forever. On that day, almost 3,000 people were murdered with casualties at the Pentagon, in Shanksville, PA, and at the World Trade Center in New York. Once again this year I watched numerous retrospectives on the disaster and the ceremony of the reading of the names of those killed in the attacks.\nNow 15 years later our emotions still run high, but so does the toll it has taken on our nation, and in particular, our First Responders and those involved in the clean-up operations. CBS News recently reported that there have been more than 5,000 cases of cancer linked to the poisonous dust surrounding New York City during the days and weeks following the attack. Unfortunately, many of the illnesses striking these workers are slow starting and may not manifest themselves until many years later. It is therefore imperative that the future health and welfare of these brave men and women be given great consideration.\nWe are beyond pleased that Governor Cuomo just signed legislation to ensure benefits for 9/11 workers and volunteers. The new law, sponsored by Assemblymen Peter J. Abbate and Assemblyman Phillip Goldfeder and Senator Martin Goldin, extends the deadline to register under the WTC Disability Law until September 11, 2018, for workers and volunteers seeking lost wages and medical benefits as a result of their involvement in the September 11th rescue, recovery, and clean-up operations.\nRight after the collapse of the Twin Towers, First Responders were joined by workers and volunteers to assist in removing tons of steel, concrete, and other debris. The term \"bucket brigade\" was reinvigorated to represent the methodical and cautious removal of debris to safeguard any victims who were trapped. Some of the illnesses caused by the fallout include respiratory issues, mental health issues, and cancer, including prostate, thyroid, leukemia, and multiple myeloma.\nAdditionally, there is more good news about the James L. Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act signed into law on January 22, 2011, which reactivated the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund. This fund provides monetary compensation for individuals who suffered physical harm or were killed in the initial attack, or as a result of the debris removal efforts, and is overseen by a Special Master appointed by the Attorney General. There are deadlines to register and there are deadlines to file your forms. This program - originally set to expire on October 3, 2016 - was extended and allows individuals to submit their claims until December 18, 2020. Also, the WTC Health program, which has both a responder and survivor program, provides screening and medical treatment for 9/11-related health conditions. This legislation provides continued funding for the WTC Health Registry that tracks the health of more than 71,000 impacted by the attack. This program also was extended and will provide medical coverage for the next 75 years for those affected.\nWhile we are pleased that our government sees fit to take care of our First Responders and workers, it should not be a constant battle to obtain these benefits. They suffer now because they went in without hesitation to try to save lives and then to get our city and our country up and running. This is not a handout. They are entitled not only to our love and admiration, but our assurance that they and their families will be taken care of medically by their grateful country.\nCatherine M. Stanton is a senior partner in the law firm of Pasternack Tilker Ziegler Walsh Stanton & Romano, LLP. She focuses on the area of Workers' Compensation, having helped thousands of injured workers navigate a highly complex system and obtain all the benefits to which they were entitled. Ms. Stanton has been honored as a New York Super Lawyer, is the past president of the New York Workers' Compensation Bar Association, the immediate past president of the Workers' Injury Law and Advocacy Group, and is an officer in several organizations dedicated to injured workers and their families. She can be reached at 800.692.3717.\nPasternack, Tilker, Ziegler, Walsh, Stanton & Romano LLP","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1707957"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6111816167831421,"wiki_prob":0.6111816167831421,"text":"Parents and families are a vital extension of our Claflin family. This page was created as a reference for you as you support your student's journey toward becoming a visionary leader.\nAs a parent, guardian or family member of a current or future Claflin student, you play an important role in his or her academic career. That's why we are committed to keeping you in the loop and fully-informed right here. Catch up on University news, learn about important deadlines and find useful tools and information to help, to nudge or to champion your student through every marker and milestone in their education.\nRead about Claflin news\nLearning what's happening Claflin\nPlanning a Visit?\nYou're always welcome! To the extent you're able, plan ahead for the smoothest travel and to be able to secure the accommodations of your choice.\nGet directions and view the campus map\nSchedule an official visit with Admissions\nSee a list of area hotels\nU.S. News & World Report ranked us as one of \"America’s Best Colleges\" for 12 consecutive years, #1 in the South among 80 schools nationally for our “Strong Commitment to Teaching,” #2 in Annual Alumni Giving (36%) among Top Tier Colleges in the South and #1 among HBCUs, and calls us the #1 best college value\nForbes.com named us the top HBCU in the U.S., among the top 4% of all colleges and universities in the country, and ranked us in the top third of the nation’s colleges and universities as a “Best College Buy”\nWashington Monthly lists us as the #10 overall baccalaureate college or university.\nConsumer Digest selected us as the #3 best value among top private colleges and universities nationally\nChronicle of Higher Education ranked us #2 for retention rate among very selective HBCUs\nFor the sixth consecutive year, Claflin was named to the President’s Higher Education Community Service Honor Roll – the highest award a university can receive for its service efforts\nAcademics at Claflin\nApplying to Claflin\nStudent Services and Resources\nCareer Planning Resources\nYour generous support of Claflin University will enable us to continue to provide outstanding educational opportunities for the student in your life now and for generations to come.\nLearn about Ways to Give","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line924908"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9668694734573364,"wiki_prob":0.9668694734573364,"text":"“You can’t have huge, busy riffs all the time”: How Architects are confounding expectation on their new album\nThe metalcore titans on remote recording, making things, “heavy in a different way” and why they’re not bothered if their new record proves divisive.\nBy Huw Baines\nJosh Middleton knows these things have been twisted before, and so he’s careful when he talks about the role of guitar on the Brighton band’s latest. “You don’t want to say guitars have taken a backseat because then people start being like, ‘Oh no!’ But the focus is on the songs and creating interesting, unique sounds on the record,” he says. “And that doesn’t always mean guitars.”\nThe record in question is For Those That Wish To Exist, a wildly ambitious, harrowing journey into the depths of the climate crisis from the metalcore titans. Middleton is attempting to head off at the pass the sort of headlines that have plagued heavy bands for decades, stoking hair-trigger fans who are terrified of change. But there’s really no escaping the fact that we’re not in Kansas anymore.\nThe singles – Animals and Black Lungs – set their stall out early. Both are heavy, chug-driven metal songs primed for delivery in the arenas that Architects now call home. But both also wear vocalist Sam Carter’s pristine hooks and their synthetic elements proudly, revealing the textural approach that drives the album as a whole. “We’re using guitars as a colour,” Adam Christianson says.\n“There’s a lot more melody, so you have to leave some space for that,” the guitarist adds. “You can’t have huge, busy riffs all the time. Also, when there’s more electronics, more instruments and sounds going on compared to a few albums ago, you don’t require as much from the guitar.”\nCentral to For Those That Wish To Exist is an increasingly prominent fascination with industrial music. Architects flirt with the genre’s forays into outright filth and decay while welding mechanised heft to their riffs and calling up synth swatches that are passingly similar to the ones Gary Numan passed along to Nine Inch Nails 30 odd years ago.\nREAD MORE: The Pineapple Thief on how Cubase and Kemper influenced their entire record\n“With the riff on Animals we were really trying to go for this horrible industrial sound,” Middleton says. “The guitars are tracked normally, and then double tracked again. So there’s six tracks and two of them have got the cabinet section of the Kemper turned off. It just sounds like an amp direct into a desk, which is disgusting. But it gives the riff that abrasive sound. It’s not about anything being too perfect. We were viewing the guitars as if they were synths, making sounds that don’t sound like guitars.”\nMiddleton – who played his custom shop EverTune-loaded LTD model throughout – is on his second record with Architects, having stepped into the fray following the tragic death of founding guitarist and creative lynchpin Tom Searle from cancer in 2016. Alongside the band’s drummer, and Tom’s twin brother, Dan, he co-produced 2018’s Holy Hell, with the duo repeating the experiment on For Those That Wish To Exist.\n“All of us have done enough records by this point to know what works for us and what doesn’t, and what we need help with and what we don’t,” he says. “I think we all work better when we can get our heads down and do it in our own spaces and not rely on anyone else.”\nChristianson – who has a long association with LSL and his signature ‘Bari Bone’ baritone –sees it the same way from an artistic and practical standpoint. But the other side of the coin is that there’s no safety net here. For Those That Wish To Exist is going to be a divisive record, and there’s no-one else to point the finger at. “It depends on your experience level and your vision, right? Some bands, going into a record, may not be 100 per cent sure on what it’s supposed to be,” he observes.\nSam Carter of Architects. Image: Frank Hoensch / Redferns\nAs they describe it, Architects’ shifting priorities are very much a natural offshoot of their current collaborative mechanisms, and Christianson’s sure footing is perhaps a result of the fact that this is just how things have worked for a little while. The searing Discourse Is Dead dates back to Holy Hell, but it’s got each constituent element that defines For Those That Wish To Exist already in situ. It’s as though they are pulling at different threads in their makeup, their interest piqued by facets of previous work that perhaps stand at odds with their fans’ expectations.\n“Dan writes a lot more now,” Middleton says. “He can play a bit of guitar but for the most part it’s programming stuff and writing synth parts. His writing meant there was a lot more of that coming through. As the process went further and further we got a better idea of what the album was turning into. There must have been 20 songs to pick from, and taking a step back at the end it was ‘where have we gone too far?’ and ‘what do we need more of?’”\nWith the COVID-19 pandemic coming into focus as they wrapped up writing, recording was necessarily dislocated. After playing their final show in support of Holy Hell in Australia early last year, Middleton flew home to his family as his bandmates sought somewhere quiet to get some ideas down.\n“We were planning on staying in Australia to do some demoing and then the forest fires got more severe,” Christianson says. “We were a bit concerned about hanging around there for too long so we went to Bali. We were there for a couple of weeks working, and that’s when the bubbling of the pandemic was coming to the media.” Middleton is briefly taken aback by recalling the timeframe: “I didn’t see Dan for like nine months. We’ve written, recorded and mixed a record in that time.”\n“Dan did the drums at Middle Farm in Totnes,” he recounts. “Sam recorded vocals in Brighton. Mixing was done by Zakk Cervini in LA. The whole process was spread out. But if I’m honest I don’t think it would have been that different had there not been a pandemic. I think we’ve realised we don’t do too well when we’re just in a studio for a month. It’s just not conducive to a good, healthy mental state. It’s nothing to do with each other, we spend so much time on tour and it’s fine, it’s just Groundhog Day. We did Holy Hell at Middle Farm, which is a lovely studio, but after a while we got really burnt out.”\nMoving on up\nSetting emotions aside and zooming out on Architects’ career as a whole – nine albums in 14 years, with each representing a refinement in one department or another – it’s hard not to see For Those That Wish To Exist as an evolutionary step that makes sense. Perhaps the key difference between this record and Holy Hell is that it isn’t anchored to the blistering heaviness that has always been there to ride roughshod over any ideas that the band’s face-melting days were behind them.\nHere, the elegiac synth-pop of Flight Without Feathers pointedly exists next to Little Wonder, a collaboration with Royal Blood’s Mike Kerr that has enough pop nous about it to render the sequencing bold. Architects own it. Part of that equation can be traced back to the monster halls that they have graduated to playing in recent years.\nTouring for Holy Hell began in earnest at Alexandra Palace in London and took them to Wembley Arena. Shows of that size change musicians, from musical priorities through to practicalities. “You can’t have super technical stuff in a cavernous space,” Christianson says. “It’ll just sound like mush. You could say you’ve simplified it, but you’ve also tuned the music to a place you’re going to be performing. Whether it’s conscious or not, there was probably an element of that.”\nJosh Middleton of Architects. Image: Andrea Friedrich / Redferns\nMiddleton concurs. “Musically, it’s probably where things would have gone anyway,” he admits. “We’d already been playing arenas then and we were just like, ‘Well, if this is where the band is at then the music needs to fit these venues.’ You have to figure out what translates to live more. One of the only times it really came up when we spoke about playing live is the song Dead Butterflies, which Dan brought in. There was a riff in the middle section, and I think it went down to the low F♯.\n“There are a few tunings that the band uses and that’s the lowest one, it’s almost an eight string tuning. I remember saying to him, ‘As much as I love it, and it’s a huge part of the band’s sound, there’s barely a note there on the bass, you can barely feel it.’ With that song I was just like, ‘Let’s just do it in drop B and change the riff.’ There are a lot more higher tunings but to me between C♯ and B you get that chestier punch from the low end, which is heavy in a different way. You feel it more.”\nFor Those That Wish To Exist is Architects moving on in real time. It’s big, bold, and sure to be a lightning rod. It’s honest, and that’s a dangerous game to play these days. “We’re thinking of ways to be really heavy, and have stuff sound big and powerful, but not in the most obvious metal way,” Middleton says.\nArchitects’ For Those That Wish To Exist is out on February 26 through Epitaph.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line316286"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5211873054504395,"wiki_prob":0.5211873054504395,"text":"Continue to article content\nPresident Barack Obama touted the strides made during his presidency while urging voters to support Hillary Clinton. | Getty\nFull text: President Obama's DNC speech\nBy POLITICO STAFF\nRemarks as prepared for delivery.\nTwelve years ago tonight, I addressed this convention for the very first time.\nYou met my two little girls, Malia and Sasha – now two amazing young women who just fill me with pride. You fell for my brilliant wife and partner Michelle, who’s made me a better father and a better man; who’s gone on to inspire our nation as First Lady; and who somehow hasn’t aged a day.\nI know the same can’t be said for me. My girls remind me all the time. Wow, you’ve changed so much, daddy.\nAnd it’s true – I was so young that first time in Boston. Maybe a little nervous addressing such a big crowd. But I was filled with faith; faith in America – the generous, bighearted, hopeful country that made my story – indeed, all of our stories – possible.\nA lot’s happened over the years. And while this nation has been tested by war and recession and all manner of challenge – I stand before you again tonight, after almost two terms as your President, to tell you I am even more optimistic about the future of America.\nHow could I not be – after all we’ve achieved together?\nAfter the worst recession in 80 years, we’ve fought our way back. We’ve seen deficits come down, 401(k)s recover, an auto industry set new records, unemployment reach eight-year lows, and our businesses create 15 million new jobs.\nDemocrats skewer Trump\nBy KYLE CHENEY\nAfter a century of trying, we declared that health care in America is not a privilege for a few, but a right for everybody. After decades of talk, we finally began to wean ourselves off foreign oil, and doubled our production of clean energy.\nWe brought more of our troops home to their families, and delivered justice to Osama bin Laden. Through diplomacy, we shut down Iran’s nuclear weapons program, opened up a new chapter with the people of Cuba, and brought nearly 200 nations together around a climate agreement that could save this planet for our kids.\nWe put policies in place to help students with loans; protect consumers from fraud; and cut veteran homelessness almost in half. And through countless acts of quiet courage, America learned that love has no limits, and marriage equality is now a reality across the land.\nBy so many measures, our country is stronger and more prosperous than it was when we started.\nAnd through every victory and every setback, I’ve insisted that change is never easy, and never quick; that we wouldn’t meet all of our challenges in one term, or one presidency, or even in one lifetime.\nSo tonight, I’m here to tell you that yes, we still have more work to do. More work to do for every American still in need of a good job or a raise, paid leave or a decent retirement; for every child who needs a sturdier ladder out of poverty or a world-class education; for everyone who hasn’t yet felt the progress of these past seven and a half years. We need to keep making our streets safer and our criminal justice system fairer; our homeland more secure, and our world more peaceful and sustainable for the next generation. We’re not done perfecting our union, or living up to our founding creed – that all of us are created equal and free in the eyes of God.\nThat work involves a big choice this November. Fair to say, this is not your typical election. It’s not just a choice between parties or policies; the usual debates between left and right. This is a more fundamental choice – about who we are as a people, and whether we stay true to this great American experiment in self-government.\nLook, we Democrats have always had plenty of differences with the Republican Party, and there’s nothing wrong with that; it’s precisely this contest of ideas that pushes our country forward.\nBut what we heard in Cleveland last week wasn’t particularly Republican – and it sure wasn’t conservative. What we heard was a deeply pessimistic vision of a country where we turn against each other, and turn away from the rest of the world. There were no serious solutions to pressing problems – just the fanning of resentment, and blame, and anger, and hate.\nAnd that is not the America I know.\nThe America I know is full of courage, and optimism, and ingenuity. The America I know is decent and generous. Sure, we have real anxieties – about paying the bills, protecting our kids, caring for a sick parent. We get frustrated with political gridlock, worry about racial divisions; are shocked and saddened by the madness of Orlando or Nice. There are pockets of America that never recovered from factory closures; men who took pride in hard work and providing for their families who now feel forgotten; parents who wonder whether their kids will have the same opportunities we had.\nAll that is real. We’re challenged to do better; to be better. But as I’ve traveled this country, through all fifty states; as I’ve rejoiced with you and mourned with you, what I’ve also seen, more than anything, is what is right with America. I see people working hard and starting businesses; people teaching kids and serving our country. I see engineers inventing stuff, and doctors coming up with new cures. I see a younger generation full of energy and new ideas, not constrained by what is, ready to seize what ought to be.\nMost of all, I see Americans of every party, every background, every faith who believe that we are stronger together – black, white, Latino, Asian, Native American; young and old; gay, straight, men, women, folks with disabilities, all pledging allegiance, under the same proud flag, to this big, bold country that we love.\nThat’s the America I know. And there is only one candidate in this race who believes in that future, and has devoted her life to it; a mother and grandmother who’d do anything to help our children thrive; a leader with real plans to break down barriers, blast through glass ceilings, and widen the circle of opportunity to every single American – the next President of the United States, Hillary Clinton.\nNow, eight years ago, Hillary and I were rivals for the Democratic nomination. We battled for a year and a half. Let me tell you, it was tough, because Hillary’s tough. Every time I thought I might have that race won, Hillary just came back stronger.\nBut after it was all over, I asked Hillary to join my team. She was a little surprised, but ultimately said yes – because she knew that what was at stake was bigger than either of us. And for four years, I had a front-row seat to her intelligence, her judgment, and her discipline. I came to realize that her unbelievable work ethic wasn’t for praise or attention – that she was in this for everyone who needs a champion. I understood that after all these years, she has never forgotten just who she’s fighting for.\nHillary’s still got the tenacity she had as a young woman working at the Children’s Defense Fund, going door to door to ultimately make sure kids with disabilities could get a quality education.\nShe’s still got the heart she showed as our First Lady, working with Congress to help push through a Children’s Health Insurance Program that to this day protects millions of kids.\nShe’s still seared with the memory of every American she met who lost loved ones on 9/11, which is why, as a Senator from New York, she fought so hard for funding to help first responders; why, as Secretary of State, she sat with me in the Situation Room and forcefully argued in favor of the mission that took out bin Laden.\nYou know, nothing truly prepares you for the demands of the Oval Office. Until you’ve sat at that desk, you don’t know what it’s like to manage a global crisis, or send young people to war. But Hillary’s been in the room; she’s been part of those decisions. She knows what’s at stake in the decisions our government makes for the working family, the senior citizen, the small business owner, the soldier, and the veteran. Even in the middle of crisis, she listens to people, and keeps her cool, and treats everybody with respect. And no matter how daunting the odds; no matter how much people try to knock her down, she never, ever quits.\nThat’s the Hillary I know. That’s the Hillary I’ve come to admire. And that’s why I can say with confidence there has never been a man or a woman more qualified than Hillary Clinton to serve as President of the United States of America.\nAnd, by the way, in case you were wondering about her judgment, look at her choice of running mate. Tim Kaine is as good a man, as humble and committed a public servant, as anyone I know. He will be a great Vice President, and he’ll make Hillary a better President. Just like my dear friend and brother Joe Biden has made me a better President.\nNow, Hillary has real plans to address the concerns she’s heard from you on the campaign trail. She’s got specific ideas to invest in new jobs, to help workers share in their company’s profits, to help put kids in preschool, and put students through college without taking on a ton of debt. That’s what leaders do.\nAnd then there’s Donald Trump. He’s not really a plans guy. Not really a facts guy, either. He calls himself a business guy, which is true, but I have to say, I know plenty of businessmen and women who’ve achieved success without leaving a trail of lawsuits, and unpaid workers, and people feeling like they got cheated.\nDoes anyone really believe that a guy who’s spent his 70 years on this Earth showing no regard for working people is suddenly going to be your champion? Your voice? If so, you should vote for him. But if you’re someone who’s truly concerned about paying your bills, and seeing the economy grow, and creating more opportunity for everybody, then the choice isn’t even close. If you want someone with a lifelong track record of fighting for higher wages, better benefits, a fairer tax code, a bigger voice for workers, and stronger regulations on Wall Street, then you should vote for Hillary Clinton.\nAnd if you’re concerned about who’s going to keep you and your family safe in a dangerous world – well, the choice is even clearer. Hillary Clinton is respected around the world not just by leaders, but by the people they serve. She’s worked closely with our intelligence teams, our diplomats, our military. And she has the judgment, the experience, and the temperament to meet the threat from terrorism. It’s not new to her. Our troops have pounded ISIL without mercy, taking out leaders, taking back territory. I know Hillary won’t relent until ISIL is destroyed. She’ll finish the job – and she’ll do it without resorting to torture, or banning entire religions from entering our country. She is fit to be the next Commander-in-Chief.\nMeanwhile, Donald Trump calls our military a disaster. Apparently, he doesn’t know the men and women who make up the strongest fighting force the world has ever known. He suggests America is weak. He must not hear the billions of men, women, and children, from the Baltics to Burma, who still look to America to be the light of freedom, dignity, and human rights. He cozies up to Putin, praises Saddam Hussein, and tells the NATO allies that stood by our side after 9/11 that they have to pay up if they want our protection. Well, America’s promises do not come with a price tag. We meet our commitments. And that’s one reason why almost every country on Earth sees America as stronger and more respected today than they did eight years ago.\nAmerica is already great. America is already strong. And I promise you, our strength, our greatness, does not depend on Donald Trump.\nIn fact, it doesn’t depend on any one person. And that, in the end, may be the biggest difference in this election – the meaning of our democracy.\nRonald Reagan called America “a shining city on a hill.” Donald Trump calls it “a divided crime scene” that only he can fix. It doesn’t matter to him that illegal immigration and the crime rate are as low as they’ve been in decades, because he’s not offering any real solutions to those issues. He’s just offering slogans, and he’s offering fear. He’s betting that if he scares enough people, he might score just enough votes to win this election.\nThat is another bet that Donald Trump will lose. Because he’s selling the American people short. We are not a fragile or frightful people. Our power doesn’t come from some self-declared savior promising that he alone can restore order. We don’t look to be ruled. Our power comes from those immortal declarations first put to paper right here in Philadelphia all those years ago; We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that together, We, the People, can form a more perfect union.\nThat’s who we are. That’s our birthright – the capacity to shape our own destiny. That’s what drove patriots to choose revolution over tyranny and our GIs to liberate a continent. It’s what gave women the courage to reach for the ballot, and marchers to cross a bridge in Selma, and workers to organize and fight for better wages.\nAmerica has never been about what one person says he’ll do for us. It’s always been about what can be achieved by us, together, through the hard, slow, sometimes frustrating, but ultimately enduring work of self-government.\nAnd that’s what Hillary Clinton understands. She knows that this is a big, diverse country, and that most issues are rarely black and white. That even when you’re 100 percent right, getting things done requires compromise. That democracy doesn’t work if we constantly demonize each other. She knows that for progress to happen, we have to listen to each other, see ourselves in each other, fight for our principles but also fight to find common ground, no matter how elusive that may seem.\nHillary knows we can work through racial divides in this country when we realize the worry black parents feel when their son leaves the house isn’t so different than what a brave cop’s family feels when he puts on the blue and goes to work; that we can honor police and treat every community fairly. She knows that acknowledging problems that have festered for decades isn’t making race relations worse – it’s creating the possibility for people of good will to join and make things better.\nHillary knows we can insist on a lawful and orderly immigration system while still seeing striving students and their toiling parents as loving families, not criminals or rapists; families that came here for the same reasons our forebears came – to work, and study, and make a better life, in a place where we can talk and worship and love as we please. She knows their dream is quintessentially American, and the American Dream is something no wall will ever contain.\nIt can be frustrating, this business of democracy. Trust me, I know. Hillary knows, too. When the other side refuses to compromise, progress can stall. Supporters can grow impatient, and worry that you’re not trying hard enough; that you’ve maybe sold out.\nBut I promise you, when we keep at it; when we change enough minds; when we deliver enough votes, then progress does happen. Just ask the twenty million more people who have health care today. Just ask the Marine who proudly serves his country without hiding the husband he loves. Democracy works, but we gotta want it – not just during an election year, but all the days in between.\nSo if you agree that there’s too much inequality in our economy, and too much money in our politics, we all need to be as vocal and as organized and as persistent as Bernie Sanders’ supporters have been. We all need to get out and vote for Democrats up and down the ticket, and then hold them accountable until they get the job done.\nIf you want more justice in the justice system, then we’ve all got to vote – not just for a President, but for mayors, and sheriffs, and state’s attorneys, and state legislators. And we’ve got to work with police and protesters until laws and practices are changed.\nIf you want to fight climate change, we’ve got to engage not only young people on college campuses, but reach out to the coal miner who’s worried about taking care of his family, the single mom worried about gas prices.\nIf you want to protect our kids and our cops from gun violence, we’ve got to get the vast majority of Americans, including gun owners, who agree on background checks to be just as vocal and determined as the gun lobby that blocks change through every funeral we hold. That’s how change will happen\nLook, Hillary’s got her share of critics. She’s been caricatured by the right and by some folks on the left; accused of everything you can imagine – and some things you can’t. But she knows that’s what happens when you’re under a microscope for 40 years. She knows she’s made mistakes, just like I have; just like we all do. That’s what happens when we try. That’s what happens when you’re the kind of citizen Teddy Roosevelt once described – not the timid souls who criticize from the sidelines, but someone “who is actually in the arena…who strives valiantly; who errs…[but] who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement.”\nHillary Clinton is that woman in the arena. She’s been there for us – even if we haven’t always noticed. And if you’re serious about our democracy, you can’t afford to stay home just because she might not align with you on every issue. You’ve got to get in the arena with her, because democracy isn’t a spectator sport. America isn’t about “yes he will.” It’s about “yes we can.” And we’re going to carry Hillary to victory this fall, because that’s what the moment demands.\nYou know, there’s been a lot of talk in this campaign about what America’s lost – people who tell us that our way of life is being undermined by pernicious changes and dark forces beyond our control. They tell voters there’s a “real America” out there that must be restored. This isn’t an idea that started with Donald Trump. It’s been peddled by politicians for a long time – probably from the start of our Republic.\nAnd it’s got me thinking about the story I told you twelve years ago tonight, about my Kansas grandparents and the things they taught me when I was growing up. They came from the heartland; their ancestors began settling there about 200 years ago. They were Scotch-Irish mostly, farmers, teachers, ranch hands, pharmacists, oil rig workers. Hardy, small town folks. Some were Democrats, but a lot of them were Republicans. My grandparents explained that they didn’t like show-offs. They didn’t admire braggarts or bullies. They didn’t respect mean-spiritedness, or folks who were always looking for shortcuts in life. Instead, they valued traits like honesty and hard work. Kindness and courtesy. Humility; responsibility; helping each other out.\nThat’s what they believed in. True things. Things that last. The things we try to teach our kids.\nAnd what my grandparents understood was that these values weren’t limited to Kansas. They weren’t limited to small towns. These values could travel to Hawaii; even the other side of the world, where my mother would end up working to help poor women get a better life. They knew these values weren’t reserved for one race; they could be passed down to a half-Kenyan grandson, or a half-Asian granddaughter; in fact, they were the same values Michelle’s parents, the descendants of slaves, taught their own kids living in a bungalow on the South Side of Chicago. They knew these values were exactly what drew immigrants here, and they believed that the children of those immigrants were just as American as their own, whether they wore a cowboy hat or a yarmulke; a baseball cap or a hijab.\nAmerica has changed over the years. But these values my grandparents taught me – they haven’t gone anywhere. They’re as strong as ever; still cherished by people of every party, every race, and every faith. They live on in each of us. What makes us American, what makes us patriots, is what’s in here. That’s what matters. That’s why we can take the food and music and holidays and styles of other countries, and blend it into something uniquely our own. That’s why we can attract strivers and entrepreneurs from around the globe to build new factories and create new industries here. That’s why our military can look the way it does, every shade of humanity, forged into common service. That’s why anyone who threatens our values, whether fascists or communists or jihadists or homegrown demagogues, will always fail in the end.\nThat’s America. Those bonds of affection; that common creed. We don’t fear the future; we shape it, embrace it, as one people, stronger together than we are on our own. That’s what Hillary Clinton understands – this fighter, this stateswoman, this mother and grandmother, this public servant, this patriot – that’s the America she’s fighting for.\nAnd that’s why I have confidence, as I leave this stage tonight, that the Democratic Party is in good hands. My time in this office hasn’t fixed everything; as much as we’ve done, there’s still so much I want to do. But for all the tough lessons I’ve had to learn; for all the places I’ve fallen short; I’ve told Hillary, and I’ll tell you what’s picked me back up, every single time.\nIt’s been you. The American people.\nIt’s the letter I keep on my wall from a survivor in Ohio who twice almost lost everything to cancer, but urged me to keep fighting for health care reform, even when the battle seemed lost. Do not quit.\nIt’s the painting I keep in my private office, a big-eyed, green owl, made by a seven year-old girl who was taken from us in Newtown, given to me by her parents so I wouldn’t forget – a reminder of all the parents who have turned their grief into action.\nIt’s the small business owner in Colorado who cut most of his own salary so he wouldn’t have to lay off any of his workers in the recession – because, he said, “that wouldn’t have been in the spirit of America.”\nIt’s the conservative in Texas who said he disagreed with me on everything, but appreciated that, like him, I try to be a good dad.\nIt’s the courage of the young soldier from Arizona who nearly died on the battlefield in Afghanistan, but who’s learned to speak and walk again – and earlier this year, stepped through the door of the Oval Office on his own power, to salute and shake my hand.\nIt’s every American who believed we could change this country for the better, so many of you who’d never been involved in politics, who picked up phones, and hit the streets, and used the internet in amazing new ways to make change happen. You are the best organizers on the planet, and I’m so proud of all the change you’ve made possible.\nTime and again, you’ve picked me up. I hope, sometimes, I picked you up, too. Tonight, I ask you to do for Hillary Clinton what you did for me. I ask you to carry her the same way you carried me. Because you’re who I was talking about twelve years ago, when I talked about hope – it’s been you who’ve fueled my dogged faith in our future, even when the odds are great; even when the road is long. Hope in the face of difficulty; hope in the face of uncertainty; the audacity of hope!\nAmerica, you have vindicated that hope these past eight years. And now I’m ready to pass the baton and do my part as a private citizen. This year, in this election, I’m asking you to join me – to reject cynicism, reject fear, to summon what’s best in us; to elect Hillary Clinton as the next President of the United States, and show the world we still believe in the promise of this great nation.\nThank you for this incredible journey. Let’s keep it going. God bless the United States of America.\nDemocratic National Convention 2016\nMissing out on the latest scoops? Sign up for POLITICO Playbook and get the latest news, every morning — in your inbox.\nTrump faces MAGA revolt over endorsement\nThe Battle to Save Waikiki Beach\nWalker defies Trump, says he’ll stay in N.C. Senate race\nCritics can kiss Babydog's 'hiney,' West Virginia governor says in State of the State address\nPennsylvania voting fight escalates as court strikes down mail ballot law\nJump to sidebar section","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line840035"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.698430597782135,"wiki_prob":0.301569402217865,"text":"Home » Eye Health » Children’s Vision » Controlling Nearsightedness in Children\nControlling Nearsightedness in Children\nMyopia (nearsightedness) is a common vision problem affecting children who can see well up close, while distant objects are blurred. Nearsighted children tend to squint to see distant objects such as the board at school. They also tend to sit closer to the television to see it more clearly.\nSometimes, childhood myopia can worsen year after year. This change can be disconcerting to both children and their parents, prompting the question: \"Will it ever stop? Or, someday will this get so bad that glasses won't help?\"\nMyopia that develops in childhood nearly always stabilizes by age 20. But by then, some kids have become very nearsighted. Here are three possible ways to slow down the progression of myopia in children:\nGas permeable contact lenses\nWearing rigid gas permeable contact lenses (also referred to as \"RGP\" or \"GP\" lenses) may slow the progression of nearsightedness in children. It's been proposed that the massaging action of the rigid GP lens on the eye during blinking may keep the eye from lengthening, thereby reducing the tendency for advancing nearsightedness.\nIn 2001 to 2004, the National Eye Institute (NEI) conducted a controlled study to determine whether wearing GP lenses is effective in slowing the progression of myopia in children. The 116 participants in the study were 8 to 11 years old when the research began.\nAt the end of the three-year study period, the children who wore GP lenses had only 0.63 diopter (D) less nearsightedness than the kids in the control group who wore soft contact lenses.\nThe study also found that wearing GP lenses does not slow the growth of the eye, which causes most of the myopia in children. The reduced progression of myopia among those children wearing GP lenses was due only to the effect the lenses had on the front surface of the eye (the cornea). Children who wore the GP lenses had less increase in corneal curvature than those who wore soft contact lenses. The NEI researchers believe these GP lens-induced changes in corneal curvature are not likely to be permanent, and therefore the effect of GP lenses on controlling myopia progression may not be permanent.\nOrthokeratology, or \"ortho-k,\" is the use of specially-designed gas permeable contact lenses to flatten the shape of the cornea and thereby reduce or correct mild to moderate amounts of nearsightedness. The lenses are worn during sleep and removed in the morning. Though temporary eyeglasses may be required during the early stages of ortho-k, many people with low to moderate amounts of myopia can see well without glasses or contact lenses during the day after wearing the corneal reshaping lenses at night.\nRecent research suggests ortho-k may also reduce the lengthening of the eye itself, indicating that wearing ortho-k lenses during childhood may actually cause a permanent reduction in myopia, even if the lenses are discontinued in adulthood.\nSome evidence suggests wearing eyeglasses with bifocal or progressive multifocal lenses may slow the progression of nearsightedness in some children. The mechanism here appears to be that the added magnifying power in these lenses reduces focusing fatigue during reading and other close work, a problem that may contribute to increasing myopia.\nA five-year study published in the February 2007 issue of Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science produced an interesting result involving nearsighted children whose mother and father were also nearsighted. These children, who wore eyeglasses with progressive multifocal lenses during the course of the study, had less progression of their myopia than similar children who wore eyeglasses with regular, single vision lenses.\nSee us for a consultation\nIf you are concerned about your child becoming more nearsighted year-to-year, call us to schedule a comprehensive eye exam and consultation. We can evaluate the progression of their myopia and discuss the best treatment options with you.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1099771"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5372517704963684,"wiki_prob":0.5372517704963684,"text":"in: Original Characters\nThis article is under construction and is as such, incomplete. Please do note this before reading and take it under consideration before commenting or editing. Thank you. Sincerely, The Nightwriter, creator.\nDoki Doki Anime Club\nSpud Ninja\nSimon is a character from the Doki Doki Anime Club fangame. He functions as the anime club equivalent to Yuri. Like Yuri, he shows traits of timidness and humility, but has an interest in anime and science.\nWarning! The following section contains spoilers for the up and coming \"Doki Doki Anime Club\". If you wish to experience the game blind when it releases, please do not read this section.\nSimon was born in a small town in Florida. He's lived there his whole life and now goes to school there. He's well-known in the school for his academic brilliance, and has a few achievements under his belt, among them being winning the science fair in his Junior year. He joined the anime club when he heard about it on a student podcast. Being one of the first members, he gained the position of Treasurer. However, he had a troubled past. His father died of stress a few months before he was born, with his epitaph displaying only the minimum of \"He was a good man.\" Upon discovering this lack of elaboration, Simon set out to make a full life. His mother currently resides in a hospital, fighting back against a life-threatening disease. He unknowingly suffers depression, often cutting himself to \"satisfy a guilty pleasure.\" In his route, the player must work with Simon to uncover the truth behind some mysterious events happening. Starting with him borrowing a book titled \"The Portrait of Markov\" from Yuri, Simon starts suffering from intense and gruesome nightmares, and it begins to drive him crazy. MC then describes some strange dreams she's been having to him, and they decide to investigate together. They find that the \"Portrait of Markov\" was never actually published, meaning that the copy they have is one-of-a-kind. There's no additional info, but it peaks their interest since there are several adaptations of the story in existence. Yet, when searched up, they don't come up.\nMore Doki Doki Literature Club Fandom Wiki\n1 Ako\n2 Sayori\n3 Midori","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line34998"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8817204236984253,"wiki_prob":0.8817204236984253,"text":"You are here: Home » Auction News\nBela Lugosi’s Count Dracula cape leads The Dark Side of Hollywood auction\nNovember 17, 2018 8:10 pm·0 commentsViews: 402\nThe Dark Side of Hollywood, an auction of more than 470 memorabilia, costumes, posters, and significant pieces of Hollywood history featuring Bela Lugosi’s Count Dracula cape from Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein, Universal International Pictures, 1948 .\nBela Lugosi’s Count Dracula cape from Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein\nUnlike other films where pieces of the same item were made, there was only one Count Dracula cape for Bela Lugosi’s Count Dracula character in Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein. This black satin cape with its huge 28-foot circumference was also included in Ed Wood’s film, Orgy of the Dead (1965), worn by the actor and psychic known as Criswell, and Life Magazine featured the cape in its October 1981 issue, in which the museum of Clark Wilkinson, the previous owner, was featured. In 2001, the United States Library of Congress deemed the film “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant” and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry. It is number 56 on the list of the “American Film Institute’s 100 Funniest American Movies,” and this year marks its 70th anniversary.\nA Cynthia Garris zombie costume from Michael Jacksons Thriller\nThe sale also highlights three zombie costumes from Michael Jackson’s Thriller Optimum Productions, 1983, each estimated at $20,000-30,000. These costumes were used for the closeup zombie shots in the graveyard and in the scene where Jackson breaks into the house; hence, they are more detailed in materials such as lace, pearls, dead leaves, and spider webs. The 14-minute video had its world premiere on MTV and became a landmark in popular music and culture. In 2009, it became the first music video to be inducted into the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress; currently, it is still the only one selected. The original 1982 “”Thriller”” album still stands as the second best-selling album in American history.\nAdditional highlights include:\n• a 24-sheet poster of Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein, Universal International Pictures, 1948 (estimate: $150,000-200,000). This is the largest poster made for the film and the only one known to exist.\n• Darryl Zanuck’s copy of the 1927 screenplay of The Jazz Singer, Warner Bros., 1927 (estimate: $100,000-200,000), the first feature-length film with a synchronized musical score, spoken dialog and singing.\n• A Madonna gown from Evita, Hollywood Pictures, 1996 (estimate: $30,000-50,000). Madonna wears this cream-colored full-length satin ball gown in the scenes at the Inaugural Ball as she dances in the ballroom and movingly sings the song, “High Flying, Adored.” She also appeared in the October 1996 issue of Vogue wearing the gown.\nFor more information visit Bonhams.com\nThe Who at 50 – Records & Collectables\nThe Who celebrate 50 years of rock in 2014 and we take a look at their history,\nSpace 1999 Collectables and Space 1999 Toys\nSpace 1999 remains a cult classic and we take a look at some of the Space 1999\nThe Cottages of W H Goss\nOf all the varieties of china manufactured by the firm of W. H. Goss, the\nHenriot Quimper and Quimper Faience Pottery\nOn a recent trip to Brittany and the magnificent Mont St Michel I came across a\nIda Rentoul Outhwaite Her Fairies and Postcards\nIda Rentoul Outhwaite Her Fairies and Postcards Ida Rentoul Outhwaite (1888\nMoomin Books and Moomin Collectables\nThe first Moomin book was published over 70 years in 1945 and the stories and\nWade and Disney – The Wade Hat Box Series\nDisney and the Wade Hat Box Series Wade and Disney are two of the hottest\nChalet Collectables\nOver the decades, thousands of schoolgirls became hooked on a series of stories\nWMF – Wurttembergische Mettalwaren Fabrik\nFrom the late 19th Century through to World War 1, the German factory,\nMoorcroft Pottery\nWilliam Moorcroft might be said to have been born in the right place at the","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1150228"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5033820867538452,"wiki_prob":0.5033820867538452,"text":"Новый проект, направленный на освящение проблем молодых людей оставшихся без дома\nA balancing rock, also called balanced rock or precarious boulder, is a naturally occurring geological formation featuring a large rock or boulder, sometimes of substantial size, resting on other rocks, bedrock, or on glacial till. Some formations known by this name only appear to be balancing, but are in fact firmly connected to a base rock by a pedestal or stem.\nNo single scientific definition of the term exists, and it has been applied to a variety of rock features that fall into one of four general categories: - A glacial erratic is a boulder that was transported and deposited by glaciers or ice rafts to a resting place on soil, on bedrock, or on other boulders. It usually has a different lithology from the other rocks around it. Not all glacial erractics are balancing rocks; some are firmly seated on the ground. Some balancing erractics have come to be known as rocking stones, also known as logan rocks, logan stones, or logans, because they are so finely balanced that the application of just a small force may cause them to rock or sway. A good example of a rocking stone is the Logan Rock in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom; another is the Trembling Rock in Brittany, France. - A perched block, also known as a perched boulder or perched rock, is a large, detached rock fragment that most commonly was transported and deposited by a glacier to a resting place on glacial till, often on the side of a hill or slope. Some perched blocks were not produced by glacial action, but were the aftermath of a rock fall, landslide, or avalanche.\nAn erosional remnant is a persisting rock formation that remains after extensive wind, water, and/or chemical erosion. To the untrained eye, it may appear to be visually like a glacial erratic, but instead of being transported and deposited, it was carved from the local bedrock. Many good examples of erosional remnants are seen in Karlu Karlu/Devils Marbles Conservation Reserve in the Northern Territory of Australia. - A pedestal rock, also known as a rock pedestal or mushroom rock, is not a true balancing rock, but is a single continuous rock form with a very small base leading up to a much larger crown. Some of these formations are called balancing rocks because of their appearance. The undercut base was attributed for many years to simple wind abrasion, but is now believed to result from a combination of wind and enhanced chemical weathering at the base where moisture would be retained longest. Some pedestal rocks sitting on taller spire formations are known as hoodoos.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1432619"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7225548028945923,"wiki_prob":0.2774451971054077,"text":"Warner Law Offices Attorneys Named As Super Lawyers\nBobby Warner has been named to the 2020 West Virginia Super Lawyers list, with attorney Andrew Byrd earning the publication’s esteemed Rising Star recognition.\nOnly five percent of the lawyers in any state are selected as Super Lawyers, through polling, peer assessment, and a research process that evaluates each candidate based on 12 indicators of peer recognition and professional achievement. Rising Stars are evaluated by the same process, although candidates must be either 40 years old or younger or in practice for 10 years or less.\nWarner, recognized as a Super Lawyer for the twelfth consecutive year, handles a variety of personal injury litigation throughout the United States but focuses primarily on workplace injuries. As a lead trial lawyer, Warner has obtained many seven and eight-million-dollar results for his clients. He was recently named to the National Trial Lawyers Top 100 list and he has been selected as a Member of the Nation’s Top One Percent.\nIn addition to practicing law, Warner and Warner Law Offices promote service to the community through the firm’s booster seat program and Warner Gives Back. Warner is the founder of Beyond The Backyard, a charitable youth foundation that promotes outdoor sports and activities, such as hunting, fishing, and camping. Warner, an avid hunter, and outdoorsman, founded the organization in 2008, and since it has grown to more than 16,000 members across 26 states.\nByrd, named a Rising Star for the eighth consecutive year, focuses his practice on personal injury, product liability, medical malpractice, and workplace injuries. In addition to practicing law, he is a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates. Byrd was given the 10 Best Client Satisfaction Rating for the fourth year in a row.\nWarner Law Offices, founded in 2000, provides experienced and effective legal services to clients and has grown from a small office serving clients in West Virginia to having multiple and serving clients nationwide in 52 states. The firm was selected as Newsweek’s Premier Law Firm and Rue Ratings Best Law Firms of America.\nJan 08 Andrew Byrd Announced As Partner\nWarner Law Offices is pleased to announce Andrew Byrd as its newest partner, effective January 1, 2021. As partner, Andrew will ...\nMar 13 Warner Law Offices Response to COVID-19\nAs the threat of the Coronavirus continues to be at the forefront of everyone’s mind, we at Warner Law Offices are aware of the ...\nJan 17 Woman Accuses Former Employer of Gender, Age Discrimination\nOn Behalf of Warner Law Offices PLLC | Jan 17, 2019 | Firm News An ex-employee is suing a beverage company, citing alleged age and ...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line906053"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.99932861328125,"wiki_prob":0.99932861328125,"text":"Ronnie Claire Edwards, Corabeth on 'The Waltons,' dies at 83\nLOS ANGELES (AP) — Ronnie Claire Edwards, who played grocer Ike Godsey's prickly wife, Corabeth, on \"The Waltons,\" has died. She was 83.\nEdwards died at her Dallas home, said her longtime friend and business partner, Marty Van Kleeck, who was at her side. The cause of death was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Van Kleeck said Thursday.\n\"Corabeth was a character and Ronnie Claire was an even bigger character,\" said Mary McDonough, who starred as Erin Walton on the 1972-81 family drama. \"She was larger than life and so whip-smart and funny.\"\nEdwards joined \"The Waltons\" in 1974 as high-strung Corabeth Walton, cousin to John Walton Sr. (Ralph Waite). She married Ike (Joe Conley) and proved a formidable and snooty force.\nRay Castro, longtime producer of \"Waltons\" events and reunions, said Edwards relished her role on the CBS series created and narrated by writer Earl Hamner and set in Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains in the 1930s and '40s.\n\"When fans around the world come up to you and say, 'I love to hate you,' you know that the actor has done her job,'\" Castro recalled her telling a 40th anniversary gathering.\nEdwards, a native of Oklahoma City, had guest roles in shows including \"Dallas,\" ''Falcon Crest\" and \"Designing Women.\" She appeared in films including \"The Dead Pool\" and \"Nobody's Fool\" and regularly on stage.\nShe also wrote plays, including \"Wedding Belles\" and \"The Mystery of Miz Arnette\" (both with Alan Bailey), and books including a 2000 memoir, \"The Knife Thrower's Assistant: Memoirs of a Human Target.\"\nVan Kleeck said Edwards' personal life had a consistent theatrical flair, including her choice of home in Dallas, a former Catholic Church.\n\"She was incredibly creative and imaginative,\" Van Kleeck said. \"She was one of a kind, the kind of person you hope you meet in your lifetime and rarely get the opportunity to.\"\nEdwards, who was divorced, is survived by family members including a brother and sister, Van Kleeck said.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line470762"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6035662889480591,"wiki_prob":0.6035662889480591,"text":"by Jeffrey Gogo\nUK Bans Sale of Crypto Derivatives to Retail Investors from January 2021\nThe U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has banned the sale of cryptocurrency derivatives products to retail investors in a move that it says will save the targeted customers £53 million ($68.9 million) in losses each year. The ban comes into effect on January 6, 2021.\nIn a statement on October 6, the regulator declared that the sale, marketing, and distribution of any derivatives including contracts for difference, options, futures, and exchange-traded notes (ETNs) by any local or foreign company operating in the U.K. is banned.\nThe Authority said derivatives based on digital assets like bitcoin (BTC) or ethereum (ETH) are “ill-suited for retail consumers due to the harm they pose.” The FCA outlined a series of risks that it considers to result from such products. They include a lack of “reliable basis for valuation” for the underlying asset, market manipulation, and “extreme” price volatility.\nIt stated that retail clients lacked a “legitimate investment need to invest in these products”, and that they also did not fully understand derivatives trading. The ban, first proposed in July 2019, does not affect the trading of virtual currencies such as bitcoin, which are not regulated by the FCA.\nRetail investors currently holding any such crypto derivatives will be allowed to keep them for as long as they want, Bloomberg reported. Sheldon Mills, interim executive director of strategy and competition at the FCA, commented:\nSignificant price volatility, combined with the inherent difficulties of valuing cryptoassets reliably, places retail consumers at a high risk of suffering losses from trading crypto-derivatives. We have evidence of this happening on a significant scale. The ban provides an appropriate level of protection.\nShares of companies offering the banned derivatives fell in London trading on Tuesday. CMC Markets plc dropped 2.8% at the time of writing. Plus500 fell 2.1% and IG Group Holdings plc slid as much as 3.3%.\nAn executive at Coinshares, a U.K.- based exchange offering a variety of crypto derivatives, criticized the FCA saying the ban “will not result in the proposed savings and benefits…it will simply drive U.K. retail investors to unregulated crypto exchanges.”\n“We see the FCA ban as further evidence of the U.K. turning its back on innovation in digital assets and on regulatory coordination with other jurisdictions,” the executive told news.Bitcoin.com via email.\n“We find it difficult to see how the U.K. can be seen as welcoming of digital asset innovation when it is the only Western jurisdiction to ban them based on an erroneous belief that they have ‘no intrinsic value’.”\nbitcoin futures, Coinshares, contracts for difference, Crypto derivatives banned, exchange traded notes, Sheldon Mills, UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA\nWhat do you think about the FCA crypto derivatives ban? Let us know in the comments section below.\nJeffrey Gogo\nJeffrey Gogo is an award winning financial journalist based in Harare, Zimbabwe. A former deputy business editor with the Zimbabwe Herald, the country's biggest daily, Gogo has more than 17 years of wide-ranging experience covering Zimbabwe's financial markets, economy and company news. He first encountered bitcoin in 2014, and began covering cryptocurrency markets in 2017\nImage Credits: Shutterstock, Pixabay, Wiki Commons, FCA Logo,\nThe Search for Satoshi Nakamoto: A Look at 7 Suspected Bitcoin Creators\nSpanish Prosecution Office Investigating Alleged Bitcoin Pyramid Scheme: $1 Billion in Investor Funds Reportedly Missing\nThe host of Mad Money, Jim Cramer, has warned about dogecoin (DOGE). He said that the meme cryptocurrency is a security and will be regulated. He also questioned the supply of dogecoin. Jim Cramer's Dogecoin Warning Jim Cramer, the host ... read more.\nTrue to its hardline stance on decentralized digital money, the Central Bank of Russia is now pushing for a wide-ranging ban on crypto-related activities such as issuance, exchange, and mining. A consultation paper published by the regulator cites threats to ... read more.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line590782"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9813610315322876,"wiki_prob":0.9813610315322876,"text":"MINNESOTA WILD ANNOUNCES 2019-20 LOCAL BROADCAST SCHEDULE\n70 Regular Season and Four Preseason Contests on FOX Sports North KFAN 100.3 FM Continues as Radio Home for Wild Hockey\nSAINT PAUL, Minn. - The Minnesota Wild, in conjunction with FOX Sports North (FSN) and KFAN 100.3 FM, today announced the team's local broadcast schedule for the 2019-20 National Hockey League (NHL) season.\nFOX Sports North will televise 70 regular season games including 34 contests from Xcel Energy Center and 36 road games. FOX Sports North PLUS will televise three preseason games: Sept. 17 vs. Dallas, Sept. 21 vs. Winnipeg and Sept. 26 at Dallas and stream the Sept. 29 U.S. Bank Kids Day preseason game against Winnipeg exclusively on FOX Sports GO. FOX Sports North's regular season coverage will begin on Saturday, Oct. 5, when the Wild plays at the Avalanche at 8 p.m. The network's first home game broadcast on Saturday, Oct. 12, will feature a one-hour edition of Wild Live.\nMinnesota Wild Local Broadcast Schedule (PDF)\nMinnesota Wild telecasts on FOX Sports North will feature play-by-play announcer Anthony LaPanta alongside a rotation of color analysts including Ryan Carter, Mike Greenlay, Lou Nanne and Wes Walz. Kevin Gorg will serve as sideline reporter and Audra Martin will host Wild Live presented by CenturyLink before and after every game with analysis from Tom Chorske, Ben Clymer, Greenlay and Walz.\nFOX Sports North debuts a half hour special, \"Wild Season Preview\" on Monday, Sept. 23. \"Becoming Wild\" presented by Toyota returns for its ninth season with eight new episodes that will premiere starting Tuesday, Oct. 15, immediately following the Wild Live postgame show.\nAll games televised on FOX Sports North will be available in high definition and will be streamed live via the FOX Sports GO app. FOX Sports GO is currently available on mobile and tablet devices, including iOS and Android as well as foxsportsgo.com. FOX Sports GO is also available on connected devices including, Amazon Fire TV, Android TV, Apple TV, Google Chromecast, Roku Players and Roku TV, and Xbox One. Fans can download the app for free from the iTunes App Store, Google Play, Amazon App Store, Roku App Store, XBOX One App Store and Windows App Store. Information on channel locations for FOX Sports North/PLUS can be found here.\nKFAN 100.3 FM enters its ninth season as the official radio flagship home of the Minnesota Wild. Bob Kurtz (play-by-play), Tom Reid (analyst) and Kevin Falness (studio host) will continue to capture all the action, including every preseason game again this season. Kurtz, the radio voice of the Wild for every season in club history, will work a reduced schedule of road games this year. The Wild and KFAN 100.3 will welcome special guest play-by-play announcers for select road games, including Paul Allen, Jim Erickson, Kevin Falness and Joe O'Donnell.\nCoverage of each game will begin with a 15-minute pregame show and conclude with a 30-minute postgame Show. KFAN will also continue to host \"Wild Weekly,\" as well as \"Wild Fanline\" after select games. iHeart Radio reaches more than 2.5 million listeners every week over the air, via the Internet and through iHeartRadio.com. The Wild radio broadcast is also available on the Wild Mobile App, inside Xcel Energy Center at 95.7 FM and across the 50 station Minnesota Wild Radio Network, the largest network in the National Hockey League.\nMinnesota Wild Radio Network\nMinnesota Wild single-game tickets for the 2019-20 season will go on sale on Saturday, Sept. 14, at 9 a.m. at the Xcel Energy Center Box Office and at 10 a.m. on wild.com and Ticketmaster.com. For information about Season Tickets, including 11-game, half season and full season plans, please visit tickets.wild.com or contact a Wild Ticket Sales Representative by calling or texting 651-222-WILD.\n-- WILD --","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line633741"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8473871946334839,"wiki_prob":0.8473871946334839,"text":"Missing detainee found, suffering from injuries\nWednesday, July 29, 2015, 16:51 By the time of this posting, 16:51, on Wednesday, July 29 all of the protesters detained during the demonstrations in Beit El in the morning had been released, except for one who was being held in the Sha’ar Binyamin Police Station. The protesters were demonstrating against the destruction by security forces, of the Draynoff housing units in Beit El for which retroactive permits had been secured. Despite the newly issued authorization for the buildings, the Israeli Supreme Court decided that the buildings should be destroyed as had been decided by the Court before the final permits were secured for the buildings. When Honenu attorney, Nati Rom inquired as to the whereabouts of those detained during the protests, the policemen initially claimed that the detainees were at the Yehuda and Shomron District Police Station in Ma’aleh Adumim and then claimed that they were at the Sha’ar Binyamin Police Station. Rom went to the stations and was told at both of them, that the detainees were not there. He proceeded to the Yehuda and Shomon Division Base (Ugdat Ayosh), and also did not find any of the detainees there. He returned to the Sha’ar Binyamin Police Station and was again told that there were no detainees remaining. Only after he demanded that the policemen confirm in writing that there were no detainees, did they check and find that one detainee was still in remand at the station. The detainee told Rom that he had been beaten by police and was suffering from his injuries and said that he had not received any food since his detention in the morning. The police are requesting a three day remand extension on two of the minors who were detained overnight in the course of clashes in Beit El. Honenu attorney Avichai Hajbi is representing the detainees, who are suspected of assaulting a police officer.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1622515"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5744302868843079,"wiki_prob":0.5744302868843079,"text":"mcb-tech-sixty\nSixty CEO, Kjetil Horneland, is coming to mcb tech .18 to give a talk on what the next generation of TV viewing experiences looks like.\nWhat does the next generation of TV viewing experiences look like?\nBy Kjetil Horneland, CEO Sixty\nThe digital industry is all about the attention economy and personalised experiences, where the end user is empowered to communicate with others taking part in the experience. Video content is being consumed on whatever device is available for the end user, and more and more content is tailor made for smaller screens. The broadcast industry on the other hand, is still producing it’s content as if most users consume it the way it has been done the last 30 years - It’s mostly optimised for the big screen, it’s a “one to everyone” communication with little or no possibility to personalise the live experience.\nHow should the TV experience be, in a future where the user want to consume TV on any device, and want to choose themselves if they want to lean back or engage with the broadcast?\nKjetil Horneland is a serial entrepreneur, founder and CEO of Sixty, a company specialising in interactive TV experiences. In the Nordics Sixty is well known as the company behind the services from Altibox, RiksTV, Canal Digital, TV2 and others. Sixty recently launched it's state of the art interactive TV platform with the NBA on their global video platform, NBA League Pass.\nKjetil plays many roles in addition to being the CEO, and often functions as a strategical advisor to the media industry, with a background in digital design and with more than 20 years of industry experience. Sixty is based in Bergen, with offices also in Stavanger and Oslo. The company recently opened up it's new London office this year and is expanding to the US. Sixty's mission is to change how we all watch TV.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1442883"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6981218457221985,"wiki_prob":0.3018781542778015,"text":"RHOA Peter Thomas Speaks with Uptown Mag\nEarlier this week, BV posted an interview with Real Housewives of Atlanta cast member Cynthia Bailey. The beauty, who graces the cover of UPTOWN’s Weddings and Travel issue, spoke candidly about her summer nuptials to entrepreneur Peter Thomas. Anyone who follows the show knows all about the investment Cynthia made in Thomas’ now defunct restaurant venture. Cynthia dished her side of the story declaring, “I don’t know when I am getting that money back, but he’s going to have to give me something.”\nWe heart Cynthia and Peter, so it only seemed proper that both parties had the chance to address the seemingly touchy subject. Peter most certainly wanted to clarify a few points and set the record straight. In an exclusive with UPTOWN, the self-proclaimed “reckless mouth” didn’t hold back on a number of subjects, including marriage, the ex-factor, and how he really feels about the rest of the RHOA cast. In his words…\nON THE MONEY-LENDING INCIDENT As much as I appreciate what she’s done, it probably came across to everybody that she put up all this money to help me build my restaurant. No. Initially, she put up $10,000. Uptown [Restaurant and Lounge] cost several hundred thousand dollars—$10,000 couldn’t buy the silverware and the plates at Uptown.\nSo it’s not like she’s supported my vision and gave me money to build a restaurant ’cuz that’s not what happened. And I want to clear that up. I didn’t agree with her putting that out there to the public. But she’s on a reality show and she’s a new jack to it, so she might feel as if that’s what she needed to do. I didn’t agree to that. But I didn’t oppose either, especially if she’s telling the truth. She has the right to say it. But I don’t want the viewers to leave with the impression, “Oh, sh-t. He got with this model girl and she’s putting up all this money to support his sh-t.” That’s not the way it is.\nSHE CAN’T TELL ME NO If I need her to do something for me again, she better step up. That’s part of her duty as a wife. Because she’s never gonna call on me and I say no—never. It’s my duty as a husband to provide whatever support to [help] her go forward. The show that I’m on is called Atlanta Housewives, not Atlanta Husbands. I’m not getting paid to be on the show. But I have to do it to support my wife. So I just gotta bite my lip, swallow my spit, and call it a day.\nIS CYNTHIA GETTING HER MONEY BACK? If that’s the last thing I do before I die, I’ll make sure that she gets her money back.\nWITH INTEREST? [Laughs] It doesn’t matter to me, because I never want any woman to run around saying what they’ve done for me. That’s just the kind of guy I am. I think a man’s job, when he gets with a woman, is to be the provider. If the relationship goes south, I don’t want things I gave you back. I’m a hustler—I know how to flip it. I know how to get back on my feet. A lot of women out there don’t know how to do that. All [they] got is a 9-to-5 check coming. They don’t know how to flip it. They aren’t risk takers like men are. You feel me? You know, most women. Some women are. I know for a fact that Miss Bailey isn’t. She’s not that kind of girl. If she has $100K in the bank, she would like to look at it knowing that it’s there. But me, I’m gonna invest it ’cause I want it to grow. That’s how we’re different.\nShe doesn’t really go into a relationship for money. She’s had a lot of opportunities. A lot of major players have come to Cynthia Bailey, but she’s the type of person who can’t do it if she’s not emotionally into you. And that’s one of the most attractive things about her to me.\nIN CASE IT DOESN’T WORK OUT… Cynthia’s been independent for 11 years. She never lived with [actor and model] Leon; they just had a baby together. And she [believes] that whatever [she] makes, [she] has to hold on to it, because she’s responsible for not just herself, but also her daughter [Noelle]. Even though I’m there now, she still has the mentality that, “If it doesn’t work out with this Negro, for one reason or another, I would still like to have my money because it’s just me and my daughter.”\nI do respect that what’s hers belongs to her. I have nothing to do with it. And what’s mine is mine. We have a prenup. But if I build something and she was by my side while I was building it, that’s definitely for us.\nLOVE THE ONE YOU’RE WITH… I wasn’t even one to get married. The same way she [Cynthia] didn’t want to get married, I didn’t want to marry nobody. I was dating this one celebrity and read in People magazine that she said she wanted to marry Peter Thomas. So I went left on her.\nBut Cynthia is just a cool person. She’s someone I can live with. You feel me? I can live with the mistakes, and I can live with the ups, and I can live with the downs. And I never really, to be honest with you, felt that way before. So that’s why I’m in it. So let’s see what happens, because it gets more interesting as it goes along.\nON ANDY COHEN AND THE OTHER HOUSEWIVES I say anything I f—ing feel, because I don’t feel I need to answer to anybody but God. People are going on Andy Cohen’s show and being all careful—I don’t give a f-ck. If they ever put me on that sh–, I’m gonna say exactly how I feel, and that’s what people wanna hear. If he asks, “What do you think about the guys in Atlanta wearing heels?” I’m gonna say, “That sh-t is not cute.”\nIf they say, “What do you think about the other Housewives?” I’m gonna say, “I can’t stand Phaedra’s ass. I think Kim is crazy as f–k. Nene has a big-ass mouth, okay? And Sheree’s not cute! She thinks she’s cute, but she’s not cute.” And this is ON the record. The only one I like is Kandi, and she’s too soft. That’s why she got played with Kim. And that’s how I truly feel. “\nMODELS AND BOTTLES I’m opening Bar One [in March, 2011], which is gonna be incredible. You know how Cindy Crawford’s husband got Whiskey Bar? He does extremely well with it—he’s got probably around 50 or 60 of them now. In our community, we don’t really have a lifestyle piece like that. You know, a very upscale lifestyle piece for 25 and older. So I’m starting Bar One. I’m definitely doing it here [in Atlanta], and I want to branch off to New York and Miami in the next 18 months. It’s gonna be ridiculously sexy.\nI’m [also] starting The Lifestyle Conference, which will take place Memorial Day weekend in Montego Bay. Russell Simmons came on board as a chairman for it. Steve Harvey just signed on to do the golf classic, and Shaggy just came on board also.\nAs Told to Chrystal Parker\nPosted byEditor January 27, 2011 January 27, 2011 Posted inCelebrities, Entertainment, Fashion, Gossip, Magazine, News, TVTags:Black Voices, Cynthia Bailey, Peter Thomas, Randy Gerber, RHOA, Russell Simmons, Uptown Mag\nPublished by Editor\nView all posts by Editor\nTwilight’s Kristen Stewart to play Snow White\nAre you Ready for the Gay Housewives of Atlanta?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1534020"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6186103820800781,"wiki_prob":0.6186103820800781,"text":"Postgame Quotes\nRecap | Final Stats | Notes |\nKANSAS STATE 59, KANSAS 21\nLawrence, Kan.\nKansas head coach Turner Gill\nOn if this loss to a rival is tough for the locker room to take:\n“It’s tough. All of our losses are tough to take. We are competitive; we plan on going out and playing well. Unfortunately, things didn’t work out, particularly in the second half. You’ve got to give credit to them (Kansas State). They’re a great football team and that’s why they’re ranked as one of the top teams in the country.”\nOn the big play that led to Kansas State’s field goal to end the first half:\n“We had a guy who didn’t do what he’s supposed to do. He went onto another receiver instead of staying in his quarter of the field. They threw the ball right where he left. That was a huge play in the game. There were several others that we didn’t execute as well, but that one hurt.”\nOn the KU’s kick return that resulted in three penalties:\n“It’s discipline. Our guys need to come out and really do what they need to do. We had a couple guys that maybe were trying to compensate instead of doing what they have been taught. That really cost us.”\nOn what he will tell the players as they get ready for the next game:\n“I’ll just tell them to keep on working. That’s what I’m going to do. I’m going to keep on working on continuing to improve as a football team and continue to improve as a coach. I’ll continue to evaluate where we are both offensively and defensively. We also have to look at things we’re doing personnel-wise. Everyone’s just has to keep on battling. We’ll come back, get them into focus and get ready to play a good football game next week.”\nKansas junior wide receiver Kale Pick\nOn the mood in the locker room:\n“It’s obviously disappointing, but we lost to a good team today. As an athlete you have to move on. If you have a bad play, you have to move on to the next play. If not, you’re going to struggle. You have to worry about the present time; what is happening now. That’s the biggest thing we need to do. We need to keep improving, keep coming in here and studying film in our free time and be completely dedicated to this program to improve for next week and to finish the season.”\nOn moving on from a loss:\n“That’s just part of the game. You have to be mentally tough coming in to practice. You just have to worry about yourself and keep getting better. As long as each player improves their game and studies the film, we’ll get better as a whole.”\nOn Kansas State’s defense:\n“They play hard. They are a really disciplined team. They hustle hard to the ball and try to strip you every chance that they get. They are coached well and they stay to their assignments and techniques and don’t make any mistakes.”\nKansas sophomore quarterback Jordan Webb\nOn the loss:\n“It’s definitely frustrating, especially as an offense. We’re a lot better than we played today. We’re going to show that and we’re going to keep pushing. We have some young guys that made some mistakes and you’re going to have that when you’re young, but it’s hard to swallow right now.”\nOn how the team can improve:\n“We have to keep attacking everyday and go out to practice every day with a high level of intensity. The season is not over. We have some things on our plate that we can really salvage the season with.”\nOn what the team needs to improve:\n“A lot of it is just the intensity. You could feel that when we came out for the third quarter. You could feel them starting to roll on us. There were times where we just kicked ourselves in the butt and it hurts to know that there were some things out there that we left on the field.”\nKansas sophomore running back James Sims\nOn Kansas State:\n“They just outplayed us. Give them a bunch of credit. They came out ready to play and we didn’t.”\nOn the team’s game plan:\n“We want to run the ball and stay ahead of the chains; that way it will open the passing game up. This morning we didn’t stay ahead of the chains. We moved it a little bit, but we have to stay consistent.”\nOn the heat on Kansas head coach Turner Gill:\n“You can’t blame Coach for that. It’s not like he can go out there and play. They tell us what we’re supposed to do and we have to go out there and execute. It’s nothing that Coach Gill is doing. It’s on us as a team and we just have to play together.”\nKansas junior defensive end Toben Opurum\nOn game against Kansas State:\n“We let the game get away from us at the beginning at the second half. When a team scores two touchdowns in less than two minutes coming out of half, it’s going to shoot anybody’s momentum down. We kind of let that bring us down as an offense and a defense. It’s the same story every week. We have to come out strong in the third quarter. That’s been our issue from game one until where we’re at now. It’s something we need to address. We’ve started to address it, but we have to execute when we get out on the field.”\nOn last week carrying over to this week:\n“I’m not one for moral victories. As long as we’re losing, I’m not going to be happy with our performance. I’m not sure why our momentum didn’t carry over to the first half or the entire game. It’s something we have to address. We have to execute the plays that are called. A lot of guys aren’t doing what we’re asked to do or we’re getting mixed up signals, or whatever the reason may be, we have to execute what is called.”\nOn getting used to this outcome:\n“I don’t think that’s the case. Everyone here wants to win and is going to do whatever it takes to win. It’s not a feeling that we’re going to get used to. Our expectations are still high. I still feel like we have an opportunity to win more games this year. I’m not throwing the season out yet. I still feel like we have a chance to have a winning season and to accomplish some things that nobody else believes we can do.”\nKansas junior cornerback Greg Brown\nOn repetition of outcome:\n“Things are getting repetitive. You don’t like losing. You don’t like getting used to losing, which seems like we’re doing as a team. I feel like we need to go out and practice harder and keep our minds right. We know we have a lot more games to go to turn the season around.”\nOn how low this game ranks:\n“It ranks pretty low. All of them are low as it is. As a team, we have to put it past us and just move forward. I know it’s not something you can just brush off, losing to a rival team like that. We still have to let it go and keep going with our season and try to turn it around.”\nOn a fix for this defense:\n“We have to execute and make some plays. Sometimes you just have to go out there and make a play even if it’s not your play to make. I feel like as a defense if we play our roles right and everyone trusts everybody to get their roles right, I’m sure those playmaking abilities will come out.”\nKansas sophomore cornerback Tyler Patmon\nOn fix for third quarter problems:\n“In practice, we’re going harder. We’re trying to simulate the same situation as coming out in the third quarter. It’s kind of hard, but at the same time, when we come out in the third quarter, we just have to be ready to play.”\nOn facing option first team instead of spread offense:\n“It’s way different. If a guy doesn’t handle his responsibility or stay in the right gap, then the whole scheme can be messed up. In a pass, a guy can mess and there can be a safety on top. You can see the difference in the run game on how big a mental mistake or a missed assignment is.”\nOn momentum shift from end of first half into second half:\n“The field goal was disappointing, but when we came out in the third quarter, we still knew we had a chance to win the game. That kick-off return was a big let down. I know some of our guys were hanging their head, but at the same time, we have to learn to get over that and keep playing.”\nKansas State head coach Bill Snyder\nOn his team’s performance:\n“We were not without our faults but I thought our youngsters played well and particularly played well when they had to. We got off to a good start and then stalled a little bit, but they came back and really opened it up in the third quarter. Our defense played so well and they got two turnovers (in the third quarter) right off the bat as well as the kick-off return, so I am proud of our youngsters.”\nOn the kick-off return for a touchdown to begin the third quarter:\n“I can’t speak for them (KU), but I think it was a major play in the game. There is no doubt about that.”\nOn playing Kansas in a rivalry game on the road:\n“It is another Saturday. I think our players played hard and did so with some spirit and emotion and didn’t look beyond this ballgame.”\nOn the Kansas offense:\n“The University of Kansas is a very fine offensive football team. They have good balance in their offense and they can throw it and run it. They have good offensive linemen, I like those backs and I think that quarterback (Jordan Webb) is a poised young guy. They are going to get better and better, but right now they are a young football team, because they have some talent on that side.”\nKansas State senior defensive lineman Jordan Voelker\nOn the K-State win:\n“It’s a great feeling. This was a big game. It was also a big game for setting us up for next week against Oklahoma.”\nOn coach Snyder’s success:\n“He makes us keep an even head all the time. We never get too high or too low.”\nOn looking forward to Oklahoma:\n“I think we have some confidence especially since it will be a home game for us.”\nKansas senior offensive lineman Clyde Aufner\nOn KSU quarterback Collin Klein:\n“He’s an extremely tough kid and as an offensive line we love blocking for him. We know he is going to run hard and we know we are going to block hard.”\nKansas junior quarterback Collin Klein\nOn the K-state victory:\n“It was a team victory all-around. We hung together and this offense showed some consistency.”\nOn the passing game:\n“Unfortunately, we got into some long-yardage situations on third downs and people stepped up and made plays. Guys across the board made catches and made plays.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1306529"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5465872883796692,"wiki_prob":0.5465872883796692,"text":"/CHS/article/display/6213\nIt reads:\n\"…to classify the emotions found in tragedy in comedy…\"\nShould read:\n\"…to classify the emotions found in tragedy and in comedy…\"\nThings I have learned from students who have taken my seminars in…\nThe so-called Mother of the Mountain and a possible reference to her…\nBy Gregory Nagy\t13 December 2021\nOn the Shaping of the Lyric Canon in Athens\nBy Gregory Nagy\t29 November 2021\nThings I have learned from students who have taken my seminars in Comparative Literature, Part 1\n2021.12.27 | By Gregory Nagy §0. As an old teacher, I have often tried to encourage young colleagues who are…\nThe so-called Mother of the Mountain and a possible reference to her in Linear A inscriptions found on two Minoan double-axes\n2021.12.13 | By Gregory Nagy §0. In an article I published over half a century ago (Nagy 1963), I…\n2021.11.29 | By Gregory Nagy[*] Attic red-figure cup by Oltos, ca. 510 BCE. Detail of exterior: Anacreon…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line913799"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9535045027732849,"wiki_prob":0.9535045027732849,"text":"State investigators hear new sexual misconduct allegations against Twin Cities plastic surgeon\nDr. Christopher Kovanda has an office in this Minneapolis building.\n— Paul Walsh, Star Tribune\nBy Paul Walsh , Star Tribune\nDecember 02, 2021 - 8:56 AM\nState investigators say they have new sexual misconduct allegations against a Twin Cities plastic surgeon from a woman who says the doctor molested her over several months and once after he had her medicated.\nThe woman is at least the fifth to complain to the Minnesota Board of Medical Practice about Dr. Christopher Kovanda, who continues to hold his license to practice in the state as an investigation continues.\nThe board announced the new inquiry Tuesday night.\nEither through complaints with the state or in lawsuits, a total of at least six women have leveled sexual misconduct accusations since 2008 against the 55-year-old Kovanda, who was first licensed in Minnesota in 1999 and operates a clinic at Lakeside Center on Excelsior Boulevard in Uptown.\nKovanda's attorney, Nicole Brand, repeated Wednesday night The allegations against Dr. Kovanda are without merit.\"\nA call to Kovanda's office was answered by a clinic employee, who said the doctor was not available for comment because \"he is in with a patient now.\"\nThe latest allegations cover a four-month period until November 2019. Among the accusations, the woman said Kovanda disrobed her without asking during pre-operation examinations, touched his legs to hers, placed his hands on her hips for too long a time.\nIn her last visit before breast augmentation surgery, the woman alleged, she was given drugs before Kovanda came in the room. He then pressed his groin against hers while both were clothed.\n\"Despite already being administered medications and an IV pursuant to [Kovanda's] orders, [the patient] pushed [him] away,\" the board's said in Tuesday's redacted release.\nThe woman called Kovanda in January 2020 after her surgery, and he apologized, according to the release. It said he also offered the woman a refund because of how he touched her, indicating that \"he did not want to be reported to the board.\"\nHe also told the woman, the release continued, \"I don't think there is any explanation\" for his conduct.\nJeff Montpetit, the attorney for a woman who reached a confidential settlement with Kovanda in a civil case, said Wednesday that \"the fact that the board has yet to issue a decision in these very serious allegations is appalling.\n\"There is no way this gentleman should have a license to practice at this point. It just amazes me the board doesn't have the ability to temporarily suspend the license until the investigation is over.\"\nAnother attorney who has represented one of the women in a civil matter, Michael Hall III, added, \"When you think about it, he is a danger to any woman who unknowingly goes into his clinic. These are people in our community. I find it really troubling and scary.\"\nRuth Martinez, who signed the latest release detailing the newest allegations, declined to answer questions Wednesday about the board's investigation, including why the agency doesn't exercise its option to temporarily suspend Kovanda's license.\nHowever, she did address that point with the Star Tribune this summer: \"We have to perceive an imminent risk of serious harm. … It isn't something that is used lightly.\"\nA complaint filed in January 2011 led to Kovanda's acknowledgment of having sex with the patient and prompted a reprimand that required him for three years to, among other steps, have a female monitor present during all appointments with female patients and take a professional boundaries course.\nWhile two other complaints alleging \"inappropriate sexual conduct, including suggestive language and suggestive touching\" were investigated by the board and drew no discipline, the facts in those cases were allowed to be considered true by the board as part of its decision to reprimand Kovanda based on the third woman's accusations.\nThe doctor previously practiced in the 50th & France retail district of Edina as Kovanda Plastic Surgery and before that as a partner at Midwest Plastic Surgery in Edina's Southdale Medical Building.\nThe medical board's previous announcement of an investigation of Kovanda in July led to the loss of his surgical privileges at Abbott Northwestern Hospital in Minneapolis and the 13 other locations run by Allina Health, said a spokeswoman for the health care provider. He had been practicing at Abbott since 2016.\nKovanda also had been in trouble with federal authorities over his bankruptcy filing in June 2020. An attorney on behalf of the U.S. Justice Department's Office of the U.S. Trustee accused the doctor of claiming financial hardship resulting from the pandemic and obtaining a $66,800 CARES Act loan from the government shortly before filing for bankruptcy and using the loan's proceeds to pay off personal debts and fraudulently concealing those payments from the court.\nThe doctor's attorney, Barbara May, said Thursday that the trustee \"has dropped any allegations whatsoever against my client, and my client has been granted a full discharge in bankruptcy.\"\nPaul Walsh is a general assignment reporter at the Star Tribune. He wants your news tips, especially in and near Minnesota.\npaul.walsh@startribune.com 612-673-4482 walshpj","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1757802"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6976139545440674,"wiki_prob":0.3023860454559326,"text":"Charles Robert Whitelaw\nCharles Robert Whitelaw, 95, of Rostraver Twp., passed away Tuesday, October 27, 2020 in his home surrounded by his family. A son of the late Roy and Ethel Snyder Whitelaw, he was born in Belle Vernon on August 26, 1925. A lifelong resident of Belle Vernon, ‘CR’ was a member of the First Christian Church of Belle Vernon, a 75 year Life Member of the North Belle Vernon Volunteer Fire Department where he had held many line offices, former member of Rostraver Central Fire Department, current member of Westmoreland County Fireman’s Association and Southwestern Chief’s and Assistant Chief’s Association, and former president of FTWP. “CR” served during World War II in the US Navy. Survivors include one daughter and son-in-law, Robin (Don) Michael of Perryopolis; one brother, Roy Lewis Whitelaw of Fallowfield Twp.; two sisters and one brother-in-law, Phyllis Dauge of Bentleyville and Lois (Matt) Lococo of Lake Placid, Florida; one granddaughter, Amber Michael and boyfriend Matt Dague; and two great grandsons, Hunter and Louis Davies. In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by his wife, Wilma Palfrey Whitelaw on February 14, 2020. Friends will be received on Thursday from 2 to 4 P.M. and 7 to 9 P.M. in the Ferguson Funeral Home and Crematory, Inc., 700 Broad Avenue, Belle Vernon. 724-929-5300. Face masks are required in the funeral home. A funeral service will be held on Friday in the funeral home at 10:30 A.M. with Pastor Sam Batton officiating. Interment will follow in Belle Vernon Cemetery. The North Belle Vernon and Belle Vernon Fire Departments will meet in the funeral home on Thursday at 7 P.M. to hold services.\nCharles Robert Whitelaw, 95, of Rostraver Twp., passed away Tuesday, October 27, 2020 in his home surrounded by his family. A son of the late Roy and Ethel Snyder Whitelaw, he was born in Belle Vernon on August 26, 1925. A lifelong resident... View Obituary & Service Information\nThe family of Charles Robert Whitelaw created this Life Tributes page to make it easy to share your memories.\nCharles Robert Whitelaw, 95, of Rostraver Twp., passed away Tuesday,...\nSend flowers to the Whitelaw family.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1238813"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7948188781738281,"wiki_prob":0.7948188781738281,"text":"Debut mini-album release date for girl group I.O.I confirmed\nProduce 101‘s girl group I.O.I is less than a month away from officially debuting. Not only do they already have advertising deals lined-up already but their debut mini-album’s release date has also been confirmed!\nAccording to reports, tracks for their upcoming mini-album were handpicked by the members themselves with recording already underway. Additionally, the release date has been scheduled for May 4th with their showcase kick starting their official promotions on the 5th.\nOn top of that, the girls have also been confirmed as the new faces for SK Telecom, who is known to sign on mainstream celebrities such as boy group BTS and one of their current models, AOA member Seolhyun. They have also been announced as the model for Kakao’s first person shooter mobile game, “백발백중 for Kakao (Gray Basin for Kakao).”\nThe group is already off to a great start even prior to their debut. Look forward to their debut soon!\nImage: “백발백중 for Kakao” I.O.I\nSource: TV Report and news1","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line662267"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8179219365119934,"wiki_prob":0.8179219365119934,"text":"The Hardness of My Heart: Daniel Mendelsohn’s ‘An Odyssey’ and Margaret Atwood’s ‘The Penelopiad’\nDate: November 17, 2017Author: andria816 2 Comments\nby Alison Buckholtz\nWhat makes a relationship last?\nSelf-help shelves offer up-to-the-minute answers based on the latest psychology, sociology, and technology. But it turns out the solution has been around for millennia—literally from the time of the ancient Greek poet Homer, best known as author of the tales that make up the Odyssey. Spoiler: according to that epic, in which Odysseus, King of Ithaca, and his wife Penelope are separated for 20 post-war years and then reunited, a good marriage is based on homophrosyne, or “like-mindedness.”\nIt’s a simple enough concept. But in the hands of the classicist, critic, and best-selling writer Daniel Mendelsohn, author of An Odyssey: A Father, A Son, and An Epic, the concept he translates as “like-mindedness”—the memories two people share–becomes a profound meditation on what bonds two people over the course of a lifetime. Not just spouses, either: fathers and sons, siblings, even friends estranged across decades who are pulled back into each other’s orbit because of experiences no one but them could understand.\nIt’s not an insight readers might expect from An Odyssey, in which Mendelsohn narrates how his time teaching the epic to a class of undergraduates drew his 81-year-old father, Jay, back to studying the classics. First Jay sat in as a student in Mendelsohn’s class at Bard College, and then the two took a Mediterranean cruise together, retracing Odysseus’ path and exploits. Jay died a few years after that, and their late-in-life closeness inspires Mendelsohn to find out more about his father—much like the way Telemachus, Odysseus’s son, launches his own journey to discover the truth about the man he knows only from others’ tales.\nEqual parts lit-crit class, language lesson, and memoir, An Odyssey alchemizes to create its own unique and compelling sub-genre. But unlike alchemy, which sought to convert base metals into gold, each element of Mendelsohn’s experiment—his story—is already buffed to perfection.\nMendelsohn knows that many people read parts of the Odyssey in high school, but he doesn’t assume any serious familiarity on the reader’s part. That’s a welcome gesture. But as author-professor he goes one brilliant step further: he smoothly, invisibly places his readers in the seminar with his students, sketching the layout and atmosphere of his classroom at Bard College, as well as the roster of co-eds signed up for Classics 125: The Odyssey of Homer, which started at 11:15 on a cold January in 2011.\nOur fellow Bard travelers include Tom, who resembles Don Quixote from a Picasso painting–so Mendelsohn remembers him as “Don Quixote Tom,” to distinguish him from another student, “Blond Tom.” There’s “Trisha of the Botticelli Hair,” “dark-eyed Nina,” and several others whose insights, questions, and conflicted feelings about the Odyssey over the course of the semester animate and advance our own understanding of one of the West’s most lasting works of literature.\nAnd of course, there’s “Daddy” –Mendelsohn always refers to his father as “Daddy”—in a chair that’s angled awkwardly away from both the teenage students and his own son, the authority figure.\nJay may love the classics, but he doesn’t like Odysseus. “I don’t think he’s a hero at all,” he announces early in the term, declaring Odysseus a disastrous leader who lost his twelve ships, failed to protect any of his troops, and frequently cries. The crying is especially galling to Jay, who was in the Army during World War II. He maintains a stoicism about military service that carried through to decades of a different kind of service as faithful husband, father of five, and loyal employee of Grumman, the aerospace company near his home on Long Island.\nThat dedication to duty kept Jay from pursuing his own interest in the classics, as well as other professional goals he’d once targeted. That was what Mendelsohn and his siblings had always thought, anyway. As son gets to know father during the class and the cruise, hints of new narratives nudge aside long-accepted stories. But it’s hard to pierce a legend, even when it’s just generation-old family lore.\nAlthough the two men grow closer, overcoming much of the distance they used to feel, Mendelsohn’s still-incomplete understanding of his father prompts him to seek even further. So after Jay’s death, Mendelsohn schedules a series of visits to his father’s long-time friends and close relatives to piece together the events that influenced Jay’s approach to life, which is so fundamentally different from his own.\nAlthough the lit-crit and linguistic threads are woven just as tightly into the texture of An Odyssey as the more traditional elements of memoir, they don’t overwhelm. That’s because Mendelsohn doesn’t lecture, either as a character or a narrator. His storytelling leaves room for other teachers—including his current students, his former professors, and relatives who decode multi-layered family myths.\nAll of these relationships, no matter how long they were left untended, are grounded in like-mindedness–nourished by memories, loyalty, love, or some combination of the three. They continue to yield an emotional bounty, even after a half-century. That may not sound like a long time compared to what transpires in the Odyssey, but for mere mortals, it’s epic.\nP.S.: Penelope\nSure, Odysseus is the hero of one of the West’s most famous stories. Sure, Homer and the question of authorship has polarized critics for centuries. But what if it’s Penelope—the loyal, long-suffering military wife—who you want to know better? There’s no sidling up to her at the O Club’s monthly spouse coffee. But there’s something even better: Margaret Atwood’s The Penelopiad, a re-working of the Odyssey from Penelope’s point of view.\nThis Penelope, a spirit wandering through the asphodel of the Underworld, may not have a body, but she is nonetheless all too human. For starters, she nurses a life-long grudge against her beautiful cousin, Helen of Troy. There’s good reason for this: Helen is the ultimate frenemy. Her passive-aggressive cuts (“Divine beauty is such a burden. At least you’ve been spared that!”) make Regina, the alpha Plastic from Mean Girls, look like Anne of Green Gables.\nPenelope loves Odysseus, but she’s also practical: she realistically assesses his faults and foibles, adjusting her own responses accordingly. For example, it’s sometimes assumed that Penelope did not actually recognize Odysseus when he came home from his 20-year sojourn, reappearing in the guise of a beggar. In Atwood’s re-casting of the myth, Penelope knows. “As soon as I saw that barrel chest and those short legs I had a deep suspicion,” she says. But she’s calculated that it’s better to hide that awareness. “The hardness of my heart was a notion I was glad to foster…as it would reassure Odysseus to know I hadn’t been throwing myself into the arms of every man who’d turned up claiming to be him.”\nPenelope’s as good an actor as Odysseus is; she plays into what she knows what her husband really wants from his wife. And she’s right. “Odysseus grinned—he was looking forward to the big revelation scene, the part where I would say ‘It was you all along! What a terrific disguise!’ and throw my arms around his neck.”\nPenelope has been faithful to her role since she was King Icarius’ daughter, biding the time until she transitioned from child to wife. She knows how to act because when you’re 15 and your father picks the winner of a race to marry you off to, you do what’s necessary to survive your fate. She always holds part of herself back, remaining watchful as an owl. Nothing escapes her notice.\nWell, almost nothing. And therein lies Penelope’s unraveling, the one that haunts her afterlife. Once Odysseus slaughtered her suitors, he hanged Penelope’s 12 maids-in-waiting—young women she loved, gently manipulated, and then failed to protect. Quite literally, she has never gotten over it.\nIf you don’t remember the part of the Odyssey that recounts the maids’ hanging, you’re not alone. But once Penelope recounts it–and these maids narrate, Greek chorus-style, the story of their downfall–it shifts the plates of Homer’s story so seismically that it doesn’t even seem to belong to Odysseus anymore.\nMendelsohn, Daniel. An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic. Knopf, 2017.\nAtwood, Margaret. The Penelopiad. Canongate U.S., 2006.\nBuy An Odyssey here, and The Penelopiad here, or at your local indie bookstore.\nAlison Buckholtz is author of Standing By: The Making of an American Military Family in a Time of War (Tarcher/Penguin, April 2009; in paperback April 2013). She wrote the “Deployment Diary” column on Slate.com from 2009-2010, and her other articles and essays have been published in the New York Times, New York Magazine, Real Simple, Parenting, Washingtonian Magazine, Salon.com and many other publications. As an advocate for military families, she has appeared on NBC Nightly News, NPR, and in national news stories. Her L.A. Times op-ed, “An ‘It Gets Better’ for the troops,” was the inspiration for a national public service announcement campaign about military suicides.\nShe received an M.A. in English Literature from the University of Virginia and a B.A. in English Literature (Honors, Phi Beta Kappa) from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She also completed a year of undergraduate study at Trinity College, Dublin. In 1997-98 she lived in Jerusalem, Israel as a recipient of a Dorot Foundation postgraduate fellowship. She now lives in the Washington, DC area with her husband, an active-duty Naval officer, and two children.\nPrevious Previous post: Thriving on the Unpredictable: Kersten Christianson’s ‘Something Yet to Be Named’\nNext Next post: Two Military-Themed Books for Children\n2 thoughts on “The Hardness of My Heart: Daniel Mendelsohn’s ‘An Odyssey’ and Margaret Atwood’s ‘The Penelopiad’”\nPingback: Women Writers Recommend (Part 3) – The Military Spouse Book Review\nJean O'Brien says:\nJust a fabulous review and comments..on both books!,,, thank you and your family for your service to our country..you are treasure\nLeave a Reply to Jean O'Brien Cancel reply","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1413407"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6672229766845703,"wiki_prob":0.3327770233154297,"text":"Home > Sports Betting Picks > Safest Bets to Place for the NFL Wild Card Round (2022)\nSafest Bets to Place for the NFL Wild Card Round (2022)\nBy Anthony Haage in NFL\n| January 14, 2022 3:42 pm PST\nThe NFL playoffs are finally here and we have an exciting betting slate ahead of us. We have great matchups in every single game and most of these games should be very close. That could make it difficult to hit on some bets.\nTo combat that, I have some great picks that should have a high chance of hitting this week. They are all point total bets, but if you are interested in some game picks, check out our NFL picks page.\nLet’s take a look at 4 of the safest bets to place for the 2022 NFL Wild Card Round.\nArizona Cardinals vs. Los Angeles Rams Over 49.5 (-110)\nWe have the third matchup between the Cardinals and the Rams this season. They played each other twice this season, splitting the season series. This will be the ultimate tie breaker for this division rivalry, as both teams are desperate to prove themselves as Super Bowl contenders.\nIn their Week 4 game, Arizona was the one to win that one and outscored the Rams 37-20. The point total for that game was 57 total points. In their next game, the Rams were able to outscore the Cardinals to a score of 30-23, totaling 53 points.\nBoth of those games would have hit the over set for this game. I think it has a strong chance of doing so again, since both of these teams have strong offenses.\nArizona has scored the 11th most points per game in the NFL this season at 26.4 points per game. That is impressive when you take into consideration their star quarterback missing 3 full weeks of the season.\nThe Rams on the other hand have an even higher flying offense with 27.1 points per game, which ranked tied for 7th best in the NFL this season. Matthew Stafford has been a great addition to their lineup this season and makes them a dangerous offense altogether.\nLooking at their average stats, these teams would hit the over with basically an average game. Their average point totals per game would sit at a nice 53 combined points, which would hit the over for this game.\nNow it isn’t exactly that simple, but it still should be very possible for them to hit the over here. This game has potential shootout written all over it and would be a great way to finish their head to head records for this season.\nPittsburgh Steelers vs. Kansas City Chiefs Over 46 (-110)\nThe Chiefs and Steelers will be facing off in Kansas City for their first matchup of the season. This game has the highest chance to be a blowout with the largest spread (Chiefs -12.5) of any game this week. Even if it was a blowout, garbage time touchdowns would do wonders for the over here.\nIn their first game of the season, the Chiefs demolished the Steelers 36-10. As you can see from that score and the point total, it is the exact same set for this game. I think it is a realistic expectation for these two teams to score higher than 46 points this time around.\nPittsburgh was only able to put up 10 points on the Chiefs in their Week 16 matchup. They have also hit the under in 10 out of their 17 games this season (58%), but I think they have a better game in the playoffs.\nThe Chiefs were able to have a huge day against Pittsburgh and they didn’t even have one of their best offensive weapons. Travis Kelce is highly regarded as the best tight end in the NFL and he was unable to suit up in Week 16.\nNow that Kelce is back for Kansas City, theoretically they should be able to have an even bigger day. Pittsburgh’s defense can be a bit tough, but they are very inconsistent as well. Patrick Mahomes can lead the Chiefs to another 30+ point day.\nWith the Cheifs realistically being able to score 30+ points, that means the Steelers would have to score around 17 points to cover the spread. In what has a very high chance of being Big Ben’s last game in the NFL, I think Pittsburgh will be taking some shots in this one.\nLas Vegas Raiders vs. Cincinnati Bengals Under 48.5 (-110)\nNo, I am not taking all of the overs this week just because it is the playoffs. I actually am a big fan of the under for the Raiders and Bengals game. These teams have also faced each other earlier this season, scoring 45 combined points (32-13 Bengals win).\nThat would have hit the over set for this game, but I actually think they will have an even worse game this time around. In their first game of the season, it was actually a really low scoring game late in the game.\nThe game was just 13-6 entering the fourth quarter. The Raiders added a touchdown (Foster Moreau reception), while the Bengals added two touchdowns (Ja’Marr Chase reception, Joe Mixon run) and a field goal.\nThose 17 Bengals’ points came with just 5 minutes and 2 seconds left in the fourth quarter. If they didn’t have such a huge ending to that game, he could have been a way lower point total.\nJoe Burrow only had 148 passing yards in that game, so the Raiders did very well in that area. They did allow 123 rushing yards and 2 touchdowns to Joe Mixon, but Mixon only averaged just over 4 yards per carry.\nThe Bengals also clearly had success against the Raiders’ offense. Derek Carr passed for just 215 yards and turned the ball over twice (one interception, one fumble). They also shut down their rushing attack to just 72 yards (18 carries, 4 yards per carry).\nWith how well the two defenses played in their first game, the under should have a strong chance to hit for a second time this season.\nPhiladelphia Eagles vs. Tampa Bay Buccaneers Over 45.5 (-110)\nYet another matchup repeat this season is the Eagles vs. the Buccaneers. These two teams played each other in Week 6, totaling 50 combined points (28-22 Bucs win). The point total is set a bit lower than that in their second matchup this season.\nI would expect these two teams to have another higher scoring game. The Bucs actually finished the regular season with the second most points per game with 30.1. They are getting an important player back in Leonard Fournette this week and a Tom Brady team is sure to be on point for the playoffs.\nThe reigning champs could very well repeat this season, as they still have a ton of talent on both sides of the ball. Brady knows how to orchestrate this high flying offense and they should be able to score 27+ points in this game.\nPhiladelphia has had an interesting season, but they managed to finish as the 12th highest scoring team in the NFL (26.1 points per game). The Bucs have a strong run defense and the Eagles love to run, but the Eagles don’t have a traditional rush attack.\n\"Jalen Hurts and his legs can really open this thing up and give them an opportunity to win this game.\"\n@MJD sees a chance for the @Eagles to get a 'W' with their run game but @PSchrags isn't necessarily on the same page. pic.twitter.com/pUrZtHyH53\n— Good Morning Football (@gmfb) January 13, 2022\nJalen Hurts finished the season with the most rushing yards from the quarterback position. Lamar Jackson probably would have beat him out if he didn’t have injury problems, but that still shouldn’t take away from Hurts’ success on the ground.\nHurts ran for 784 yards and 10 touchdowns. He finished tied for 6th most rushing touchdowns with top tier running backs Ezekiel Elliott and Derrick Henry. Henry would have beat him out, but injuries yet again.\nJust because Tampa Bay has a strong rush defense doesn’t mean the Eagles won’t be able to run the ball. I like them to score around 20-24 points in this game.\nSafest NFL Bets for the Wild Card Round\nThese 4 bets should have great chances to hit for the first round of the NFL playoffs. If you want to place your bets along with me, head over to the best NFL betting sites to do so.\nThe regular season was a very exciting time for the NFL this year and the playoffs are set to be even more exciting. It also gave us a lot of data to go off of for the playoffs, so we should be able to accurately predict some of these games.\nIt is always important to have a couple of safe bets every week. You never want to just place random bets with crazy odds because those are extremely risky. These 4 bets give you a solid foundation for your betting sheet this week.\nHead over to our NFL picks page for more recommended bets.\nLATEST PICKS\nBrooklyn Nets vs. Golden State Warriors Pick and Prediction – NBA, Saturday, January 29th (2022)We have a top tier NBA matchup for you this Saturday between the Nets and the Warriors....\nTop Horse Racing Picks for Saturday, January 29, 2022I visited just two tracks for my Saturday horse racing picks—Gulfstream Park and Oaklawn Park—and you can...\nTop NBA Player Prop Bets for Friday, January 28, 2022 – Devin Booker to Catch Fire and MoreNow this is more like it. After a weak two-game NBA betting slate yesterday, Friday caps off...\nPicks and Predictions for the 2022 NFL Conference Championship Games – Sunday, January 30The road to the 2022 Super Bowl has been both chaotic and highly entertaining. Which way you...\nDaily Fantasy Basketball Picks, Sleepers, and Lineup for January 28, 2022I hate NBA scheduling, but I love the NBA. 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{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5677745938301086,"wiki_prob":0.5677745938301086,"text":"Rafela Nancy (Sparace) Stewart 1927 - 2021\nRafela Nancy Stewart, 94, passed away into the Lord’s loving arms on December 20, 2021, surrounded by her family at the time of her passing.\nRafela, who was also known as Rachel, Rafael, or Mimi to her grandchildren, was born February 6, 1927, in Rome, a small town in upstate New York, to Caroline Alfi and Vito Sparace. She was the eighth of nine siblings in an Italian family of two boys and seven girls.\nRafela married Frederick Joseph Stewart, her high school sweetheart and the love of her life, on April 4, 1946. They were married for 73 years.\nRafela worked in a bakery, as a waitress, and for the School for the Deaf in Rome, New York, before moving to Riverside, California, with her husband and daughters, Donna and Rebecca. She worked at Rohr Aircraft in Riverside for 28 years until she retired. While working for Rohr, she was awarded Employee of the Year in 1988 by the management of Rohr Industries for her professional attitude, ethics, ability to motivate, proficiency, originality, adaptability and organizational skills. Rohr also presented her with a perfect attendance award for having perfect attendance for 20 years, and a service commendation for 28 years of loyal and dedicated service to Rohr Industries when she retired.\nIn 2016, Rafela and her husband Fred moved from Riverside to McMinnville, Oregon, to be closer to their daughter, Donna, and her family. Even at nearly 95 years old, she still had a spark that would brighten any get-together.\nEveryone around her also knew Rachel for her strong faith, love for her family, amazing cooking, kindness and generosity, and she loved the casino and playing Blackjack. She was deeply loved by everyone who knew her, especially family.\nRafela is survived by her daughters, Donna Root of McMinnville, and Rebecca Leroy (George) of Riverside, California; seven grandchildren; 21 great-grandchildren; and eight great-great-grandchildren.\nRafela was preceded in death by her beloved husband, Frederick; her son-in-law, David; parents, Caroline and Vito; her siblings, Rose Marcello, Louis Schiro, Carmella DeSimone, Salvatore (Sam Sparace), Caroline Franco, Isabelle Viti, Michaelina Kranbul and Vito Sparace; her infant son at birth, Anthony; and an infant great-granddaughter, Kayla.\nFuneral services for Rafela will be held at 11 a.m. Tuesday, January 4, 2022, at St. James Catholic Church in McMinnville. A viewing will take place from 4 to 6 p.m. Monday, January 3, at the Chapel of Macy & Son. After the interment at St. James Cemetery, a reception will follow at Jack and Jenny’s home in McMinnville.\nTo leave condolences, visit www.macyandson.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line938108"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6606830358505249,"wiki_prob":0.3393169641494751,"text":"Right to a fair trial\nVarious rights associated with a fair trial are explicitly proclaimed in Article 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, and Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights, as well as numerous other constitutions and declarations throughout the world. There is no binding international law that defines what is not a fair trial; for example, the right to a jury trial and other important procedures vary from nation to nation.[1]\nDefinition in international human rights law\nThe right to fair trial is very helpful in numerous declarations which represent customary international law, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).[2] Though the UDHR enshrines some fair trial rights, such as the presumption of innocence until the accused is proven guilty, in Articles 6, 7, 8 and 11,[3] the key provision is Article 10 which states that:\n\"Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.\"[4]\nSome years after the UDHR was adopted, the right to a fair trial was defined in more detail in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The right to a fair trial is protected in Articles 14 and 16 of the ICCPR which is binding in international law on those states that are party to it.[5] Article 14(1) establishes the basic right to a fair trial, article 14(2) provides for the presumption of innocence, and article 14(3) sets out a list of minimum fair trial rights in criminal proceedings. Article 14(5) establishes the right of a convicted person to have a higher court review the conviction or sentence, and article 14(7) prohibits double jeopardy.[6] Article 14(1) states that:\n\"All persons shall be equal before the courts and tribunals. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law. The press and the public may be excluded from all or part of a trial for reasons of morals, public order or national security in a democratic society, or when the interest of the private lives of the parties so requires, or to the extent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice; but any judgement rendered in a criminal case or in a suit at law shall be made public except where the interest of juvenile persons otherwise requires or the proceedings concern matrimonial disputes or the guardianship of children.\"[7]\nGeneva Conventions – International right to a fair trial when no crime is alleged\nThe Geneva Conventions guarantee combatants the right not to be put on trial for fighting in a war – unless they commit a war crime (a grave breach) or other crime (e.g., captured behind enemy lines out of proper uniforms or insignia while carrying out espionage or sabotage operations). Most held under the Geneva Conventions are not accused of a crime and therefore it would be a war crime under the Geneva Conventions to give them a trial. This protection against getting a trial is fully consistent with human rights law because human rights law prohibits putting people on trial when there is no crime to try them for. The Geneva Conventions however guarantee that anyone charged with a war crime or other crime must get a fair trial.\nDefinition in regional human rights law\nThe right to a fair trial is enshrined in articles 3, 7 and 26 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR).[2]\nThe right to a fair trial is also enshrined in articles 5, 6 and 7 of the European Charter on Human Rights and articles 2 to 4 of the 7th Protocol to the Charter.[2]\nThe right to a fair trial is furthermore enshrined in articles 3, 8, 9 and 10 of the American Convention on Human Rights.[2]\nRelationship with other rights\nThe right to equality before the law is sometimes regarded as part of the right to a fair trial. It is typically guaranteed under a separate article in international human rights instruments. The right entitles individuals to be recognised as subject, not as object, of the law. International human rights law permits no derogation or exceptions to this human right.[8] Closely related to the right to a fair trial is the prohibition on ex post facto law, or retroactive law, which is enshrined in human rights instrument separately from the right to fair trial and can not be limited by states according to the European Convention on Human Rights and the American Convention on Human Rights.[2]\nFair trial rights\nThe right to a fair trial has been defined in numerous regional and international human rights instruments. It is one of the most extensive human rights and all international human rights instruments enshrine it in more than one article.[9] The right to a fair trial is one of the most litigated human rights and substantial case law that has been established on the interpretation of this human right.[8] Despite variations in wording and placement of the various fair trial rights, international human rights instrument define the right to a fair trial in broadly the same terms.[3] The aim of the right is to ensure the proper administration of justice. As a minimum the right to fair trial includes the following fair trial rights in civil and criminal proceedings:[2]\nthe right to be heard by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal\nthe right to a public hearing\nthe right to be heard within a reasonable time\nthe right to counsel\nthe right to interpretation[2]\nStates may limit the right to a fair trial or derogate from the fair trial rights only under circumstances specified in the human rights instruments.[2]\nIn the United States\nIn the United States the right to a fair trial is sometimes illusory. For example, the United States Supreme Court said in Town of Newton v. Rumery, 480 U.S. 386 that a prosecutor may threaten a person that he will take or withhold an official act and prosecute that person for crime unless that person disposes or parts with their right to peacefully and orderly petition the courts for a redress of grievances. For example, the Rumery court said when talking about an accused ″the public interest opposing involuntary waiver of constitutional rights is no reason to hold the agreement here invalid.″ Rumery did not receive nor waive their right to a trial during a criminal cause.\nIn civil proceedings\nThe European Court of Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights have clarified that the right to a fair trial applies to all types of judicial proceedings, whether civil or criminal. According to the European Court of Human Rights, Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights and the fair trial rights apply to all civil rights and obligations created under domestic law and therefore to all civil proceedings (see Apeh Uldozotteinek Szovetsege and Others v. Hungary 2000).[2]\nIn administrative proceedings\nBoth the European Court of Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights have clarified that the right to a fair trial applies not only to judicial proceedings, but also administrative proceedings. If an individual's right under the law is at stake, the dispute must be determined through a fair process.[2]\nIn special proceedings\nIn Europe special proceeding may also be subject to Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights.[10] In Mills v. the United Kingdom 2001 the European Court of Human Rights held that a court-martial was subject to Article 6 because of the defendants had been accused of what the court considered to be serious crime, assault with a weapon and wounding.\nThe African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR) frequently deals with instances where civilians are tried by military tribunals for serious crimes. The ACHPR has held that on the face of it military courts to do not satisfy civilians' right to a fair trial (see Constitutional Rights Project v. Nigeria). In this respect the ACHPR has reaffirmed the right to counsel as essential in guaranteeing a fair trial. The ACHPR held that individuals have the right to choose their own counsel and that giving the military tribunal the right to veto a counsel violates the right to a fair trial.[11]\nImpeding a fair trial\nA fair trial might be impeded by:\nContempt of court (typically by the media or jurors)\nWitness intimidation\nNon-disclosure of evidence, through malice or through use of state secrets privilege (in the USA) or public-interest immunity (in the UK)\nIn the Spanish legal justice system the examining magistrate is the head of the investigation of a specific crime and any other matters that may relate to that particular offence. The magistrate can be aided by the judicial and national police and can also, at the request of the prosecution and defence attorney, follow any number of leads regarding the case. The magistrate can also, when deemed appropriate, restrict the access the defence and prosecution have to the primary evidence and case information, which can include allowing witness statements to be introduced without the actual witness having to be in attendance. An extension of this power is the ability for the judge to declare, under special circumstances, the trial wholly or partially confidential.[12] However, this is only when information and evidence presented during the trial could pose a threat to an individual, a group of individuals or even the general interest of the public.[12]\nBetween 1971 and 1975, the right to a fair trial was suspended in Northern Ireland. Suspects were simply imprisoned without trial, and tortured by the British army for information. This power was mostly used against the Catholic minority. The British government supplied deliberately misleading evidence to the European Court of Human Rights when it investigated this issue in 1978.[13] The Irish government and human rights group Amnesty International requested that the ECHR reconsider the case in December 2014.[14] Three court cases related to the Northern Ireland conflict took place in mainland Britain in 1975 and 1976 have been accused of being unfair, resulting in the false imprisonment of the Birmingham Six, Guildford Four and Maguire Seven. These convictions were later overturned, though an investigation into allegations that police officers perverted the course of justice failed to convict anyone of wrongdoing.\nThe United Kingdom created an act – the Special Immigration Appeals Act in 1997, which then led to the creation of the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC).[15] It allowed for secret evidence to be stated in court; however, it provides provisions for the anonymity of the sources and information itself. The judge has the power to clear the courtroom of the public and press, and the appellant if need be, if sensitive information must be relayed. The appellant is provided with a Special Advocate, who is appointed in order to represent their interests, however no contact can be made with the appellant after seeing the secret evidence. SIAC is mostly used for deportation cases, and other cases of public interest.[16]\nSecret evidence has seen increased use in UK courts. Some argue that this undermines the British criminal justice system, as this evidence may not come under proper democratic scrutiny. Secret evidence can now be used in wide range of cases including deportations hearings, control orders proceedings, parole board cases, asset-freezing applications, pre-charge detention hearings in terrorism cases, employment tribunals and planning tribunals.[17]\nJuries and a fair trial\nThe rationale for a jury was that it offers a check against state power.\nUnder Article 6 of the ECHR, the right to a fair trial implies that accused and public must be able to understand the verdict. Trials decided by jury, as they do not provide reasons for their decision, therefore do not allow for this.[18] In Taxquet v Belgium [19] a violation of article 6(1) was found. The court also implied a right to a reasoned verdict, irrespective of whether that was given by a judge or a jury.\nUnder ECHR case law, jury decisions can also be problematic in circumstances where juries draw adverse inferences from trial judges' directions in contravention of Article 6(3) (b) and (c).[20]\nEU member states that do not have a jury system or any other form of lay adjudication in criminal matters or have abolished it include: Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Romania. In these countries, criminal courts are composed exclusively of judges.\nEU member states with a collaborative jury system which comprises a combination of jurors and judge include Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Norway (in most cases), Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Sweden. The collaborative system, which can also be employed alongside the traditional jury model, is characterised by the professional judges and the jurors collectively determining all questions of law and fact, the issue of guilt and the sentence.\nWithin the EU, the traditional jury system exists within Austria, Belgium, Ireland, Malta, Norway (only in serious appeal cases), Spain and the United Kingdom (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland).\nWith the expansion of the EU, It is seen as problematic that juries are used, given that their use cannot ensure all the guarantees set out under Article 6, particularly in the ever-expanding landscape and corpus of European law.\nChildren and the trial process\nThe issue of children and juvenile engagement with court proceedings and the criminal justice system is a contemporary issue when dealing with the human right of a fair trial. Juveniles need to be competent to stand trial and be able to comprehend the proceedings for their criminal trial to be considered a fair trial. This stands as a contentious issue because many argue that it may never be fair for children to have a role in trial or be involved in criminal justice proceedings due to their age, inability to grasp legal concepts etc.[21]\nIn discussing children in the legal system, the Netherlands and Sweden provide for an intriguing contrast, which assists in understanding of the different punitive measures applicable. In Sweden, children under the age of 15 are not held accountable for the crimes, which they may have committed. Young people aged between 15 and 18 are generally sentenced to a fine or placed in a social services care agreement by order of the court. This care can often be in combination with fines or additional community service.[22]\nIt is a rare occurrence for young people to be sentenced to imprisonment. For the most serious crimes, such as murder and manslaughter, the penalty may be institutionalisation at a specialised youth home. The National Board of Institutional Care is responsible to enforce these sentences. This punishment is for a fixed term, and its focus is on care, treatment and the rehabilitation of young offenders. By contrast, the age of criminal responsibility in the Netherlands is 12. A specialised youth police and courts system was reintroduced in the Netherlands, in order to provide for a specialised task force to deal with youth crime. At the age of 16, an offender who commits crime may be tried in an adult court. The ‘stop and halt’ program is also aimed at punishing young offenders. Younger children under the age of 12 can be ‘stopped’ when they offend, with the main aim at confronting the onset of delinquency. Older children (over the age of 12) can be ‘halted’, with successful completion meaning no criminal record and no prosecution for the young offender in the hope of rehabilitation.[23]\nThe main difference between the Netherlands and Sweden in terms of children in court revolves around how the Netherlands tailors its law around its juvenile offence framework, meaning that each case is directly measured against that offender’s individual circumstances. In Sweden, the court system for children is not tailored towards their individual needs, rather the framework of the juvenile court system is based on the adult court system. However, in Sweden, unlike in the Netherlands, the mitigating circumstance of youth applies in order to provide for a young offender’s needs.[24]\nChange of venue\nPresumption of innocence\n↑ Doswald-Beck, Louise. Fair Trial, Right to, International Protection, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law\n1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Doebbler, Curtis (2006). Introduction to International Human Rights Law. CD Publishing. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-9743570-2-7.\n1 2 Alfredsson, Gudmundur; Eide, Asbjorn (1999). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: a common standard of achievement. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 225. ISBN 978-90-411-1168-5.\n↑ \"Universal declaration of Human Rights\". United Nations.\n↑ Doebbler, Curtis (2006). Introduction to International Human Rights Law. CD Publishing. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-9743570-2-7.\n↑ Alfredsson, Gudmundur; Eide, Asbjorn (1999). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: a common standard of achievement. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 225–226. ISBN 978-90-411-1168-5.\n↑ \"International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights\". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.\n1 2 Doebbler, Curtis (2006). Introduction to International Human Rights Law. CD Publishing. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-9743570-2-7.\n↑ Doebbler, Curtis (2006). Introduction to International Human Rights Law. CD Publishing. pp. 107–108. ISBN 978-0-9743570-2-7.\n↑ The immunity could not be an obstacle: on the one hand , following a immunity resolution of the Senate, the judicial proceeding may raise jurisdictional dispute before the Constitutional Court ( ... ); on the other side (….) the citizen may submit an appeal to the European Court of Human Rights Buonomo, Giampiero (2002). \"L'Italia \"difende\" il Regno Unito in nome del procuratore Cordova\". Diritto&Giustizia edizione online. – via Questia (subscription required)\n1 2 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/139600/legal-procedures-criminal-cases.pdf\n↑ 'British ministers sanctioned torture of NI internees' (5 June 2014)\n↑ 'Hooded men: Irish government bid to reopen 'torture' case'\n↑ \"Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997\". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2015.\n↑ \"Apply to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission\". justice.gov.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2015.\n↑ http://www.justice.org.uk/resources.php/33/secret-evidence\n↑ Lemmens, P. (2014). The right to a fair trial and its multiple manifestations. In E. Brems & J. Gerards (Eds.), Shaping Rights in the ECHR: The Role of the European Court of Human Rights in Determining the Scope of Human Rights (pp. 294-314). Cambridge Books Online: Cambridge University Press.\n↑ \"HUDOC - European Court of Human Rights\". coe.int. Retrieved 20 September 2015.\n↑ Junger-Tas, J. (2004) Youth Justice in the Netherlands, pp. 330-331. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004. ISBN 0-226-80865-3\n↑ \"www.parliament.uk Home page\". UK Parliament. Retrieved 20 September 2015.\n↑ \"Penalties for juvenile offenders\". government.nl. Retrieved 20 September 2015.\n↑ \"Juvenile justice policy\". youthpolicy.nl. Retrieved 20 September 2015.\nArticles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights\nArticle 1: Freedom, Egalitarianism, Dignity and Brotherhood\nArticle 2: Universality of rights\nArticles 1 and 2: Right to freedom from discrimination\nArticle 3: Right to life, liberty and security of person\nArticle 4: Freedom from slavery\nArticle 5: Freedom from torture or cruel and unusual punishment\nArticle 6: Right to personhood\nArticle 7: Equality before the law\nArticle 8: Right to effective remedy from the law\nArticle 9: Freedom from arbitrary arrest, detention or exile\nArticle 10: Right to a fair trial\nArticle 11.1: Presumption of innocence\nArticle 11.2: Prohibition of retrospective law\nArticle 12: Right to privacy\nArticle 13.1: Freedom of movement\nArticle 13.2: Right of return\nArticle 14: Right of asylum\nArticle 15: Right to a nationality\nArticle 16: Right to marriage and family life\nArticle 17: Right to property\nArticle 18: Freedom of thought, conscience and religion\nArticle 19: Freedom of opinion and expression and information\nArticle 20.1: Freedom of assembly\nArticle 20.2: Freedom of association\nArticle 21.1: Right to participation in government\nArticle 21.2: Right of equal access to public office\nArticle 21.3: Right to universal suffrage\nInternational Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights\nArticle 22: Right to social security\nArticle 23.1: Right to work\nArticle 23.2: Right to equal pay for equal work\nArticle 23.3: Right to just remuneration\nArticle 23.4: Right to join a trade union\nArticle 24: Right to rest and leisure\nArticle 25.1: Right to an adequate standard of living\nArticle 25.2: Right to special care and assistance for mothers and children\nArticle 26.1: Right to education\nArticle 26.2: Human rights education\nArticle 26.3: Right to choice of education\nArticle 27: Right to science and culture\nContext, limitations and duties\nArticle 28: Social order\nArticle 29.1: Social responsibility\nArticle 29.2: Limitations of human rights\nArticle 29.3: The supremacy of the purposes and principles of the United Nations\nArticle 30:\nHuman rights category\nHuman rights portal\nSubstantive human rights\nNote: What is considered a human right is controversial and not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights.\nCivil and political\nEquality before the law\nFreedom from arbitrary arrest and detention\nFreedom from cruel and unusual punishment\nFreedom from discrimination\nFreedom from exile\nFreedom from slavery\nFreedom from torture\nRight of asylum\nRight to family life\nRight to keep and bear arms\nRight to petition\nRight to protest\nRight to refuse medical treatment\nRight of self-defense\nSecurity of person\nUniversal suffrage\nand cultural\nFair remuneration\nRight to an adequate standard of living\nRight to clothing\nRight to development\nRight to food\nRight to housing\nRight to Internet access\nRight to property\nRight to public participation\nRight to science and culture\nRight to social security\nTrade union membership\nSexual and reproductive\nFreedom from involuntary female genital mutilation\nIntersex human rights\nRight to sexuality\nFreedom from genocide\nWar rape","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line761884"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9654281735420227,"wiki_prob":0.9654281735420227,"text":"Concert venue in new student center to host Laarks on Friday\nStory by Tyler Hart, Op/Ed Editor\nLocal band Laarks is so much more than just small-town talent. They’re an established and experienced group of musicians who are at the forefront of Eau Claire’s impressive music scene. The four member indie-rock group will be playing a show at 8 p.m., this Friday in the new Davies Center.\nIn addition, the Eau Claire Memorial improvisation team will be opening for Laarks. Ian Jacoby, lead singer and keyboardist for Laarks, had only good things to say about the opening act.\n“They’re really funny,” Jacoby said. “We thought it would be fun if we gave them the opportunity to get in front of some new people. Especially because it’s an all ages show, it seemed like it would be fun and different than just having a band or singer/songwriter open.”\nJacoby is no stranger to the comedy improv scene.\n“Amber Dernbach is a lady I work with a lot,” Jacoby said. “I play keyboard in an improv group called Shambles improv and another called Barebones improv. (Dernbach) is kind of a founding member of both of those groups.”\nDernbach is also the coach of the Memorial improv team.\nThe show will be the first one played in the new Cabin this school year, and Jacoby is excited about the new venue. “I think it’s really cool that we get to open the new Cabin. We played at the old one quite a bit,” he said. “I haven’t been there yet but I’ve heard it looks pretty awesome.”\nThe Cabin show follows Laarks’ previous show in Phoenix Park last Thursday, which marked the end of the Volume One Sounds Like Summer Concert Series. They closed the show after local bands Dames and The Heart Pills each played a set.\nLaarks is set to release their second album entitled “Fiat Leux,” which is in the final stages of production. “It’s a lot different from our first one. It’s more expansive and there are some more long songs,” Jacoby said.\nJacoby has been working on the album with guitarist Kyle Flater, drummer Brian Moen, and bassist Zach Hanson for much of the last year. Jacoby called the album a bit more avant-garde than their last release, but he doesn’t think it will turn people off from the music in any way.\n“We’ve grown as a band and I’ve grown as a songwriter,” Jacoby said.\nlaarks\nA dark, Greek tale\nSpec songs\nEau Claire eats\nTherapy dogs return\nAlexis Lappe represents and leads STEM minorities and volunteer opportunities on campus\nHow Eau Claire businesses and organizations are giving back to the community\nUW-Eau Claire hosts GEEKcon 2021\nThe Spectator intends for this area to be used to foster healthy, thought-provoking discussion. Comments are expected to adhere to our standards and to be respectful and constructive. As such, we do not permit the use of profanity, foul language, personal attacks or the use of language that might be interpreted as libelous. Comments are reviewed and must be approved by a moderator to ensure that they meet these standards. The Spectator does not allow anonymous comments and requires a valid email address. The email address will not be displayed but will be used to confirm your comments.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1747643"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6297642588615417,"wiki_prob":0.6297642588615417,"text":"City of New Bedford\nDestination New Bedford\nMassHire Greater New Bedford\nOne Southcoast Chamber\nPort of New Bedford\nPark Companies\nPark Regulations\nAbout GNBIF\nTag Archive for: Deepwater Wind\nEast Coast States Take Lead in Offshore Wind After Paris Accord\nJuly 20, 2017 /0 Comments/in News, OffShore Wind, Wind Energy /by GNBIFadmin\nFrom Morning Consult\nAlthough the United States dropped its international pledge to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, states on the eastern seaboard of the country are moving ahead with long-term commitments to offshore wind power.\nStates that want to boost their renewable energy supplies are often the same ones that have pledged continued support for the Paris climate agreement, despite President Donald Trump’s decision to leave it. Many of these states see their chance with offshore wind technology, despite the current high cost and logistical complications.\nOffshore wind supporters New York, Rhode Island and Virginia are among the nine states that want the United States to continue to meet climate goals under the Paris agreement. Other states with advanced plans for offshore wind include Massachusetts, New Jersey and Maryland. Cities and counties in those states, including Baltimore and Boston, have also joined the Paris climate pledge.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-20 10:41:242017-07-20 10:41:24East Coast States Take Lead in Offshore Wind After Paris Accord\nAmendment imperils Maryland offshore wind project\nJuly 19, 2017 /0 Comments/in News, Wind Energy /by GNBIFadmin\nFrom DelMarva Now\nA proposal that was approved by a U.S. House committee calls for Maryland’s two offshore wind projects to inch farther away from the coast, a move one of the developers said would jeopardize the entire effort.\nThe Appropriations Committee on Tuesday approved a measure, sponsored by Rep. Andy Harris, the Republican whose district includes the Eastern Shore, that requires the towering turbines to be located at least 24 miles from shore.\nThe legislation comes after Ocean City officials protested that views of the turbines from its beaches and coastal condominiums would spoil the resort’s tourism industry.\n“This will make it so when you go to Ocean City, Maryland, you don’t have red blinking lights on the horizon,” Harris told the committee. He cited a North Carolina State University survey in which 54 percent of respondents said they would be unwilling to stay wherever turbines are visible.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-19 15:06:262017-07-19 15:06:26Amendment imperils Maryland offshore wind project\nFrom Forbes\nThe offshore wind industry’s economic potential has often been considered just out of sight on the horizon, much like how operational turbines themselves appear from coastlines. But the fledgling offshore wind industry is finally reaching maturity, promising gigawatts of clean energy and billions in economic opportunity.\nWhile solar photovoltaics and onshore wind have experienced dramatic cost declines and capacity additions, offshore wind has remained more of a boutique resource with just 14 gigawatts (GW) of installed capacity – great in theory, but prohibitively expensive and concentrated in a few regions of the world.\nThat’s changing rapidly: Bloomberg New Energy Finance forecasts global offshore wind installations will triple to 39.7 GW by 2020 and the governments of Germany, Denmark and Belgium have pledged to add 60 GW of new capacity in the next decade. This growth is occurring worldwide, and is driven by three factors: proximity to coastal cities, advancing technology, and declining prices.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-19 15:00:092017-07-19 15:01:00Offshore wind: Economic growth, shrinking emissions\nFirst US offshore wind vessel tailored to New Bedford\nNEW BEDFORD — A Texas company is building the nation’s first offshore wind-turbine installation vessel and designing it to fit through the New Bedford hurricane barrier.\nThe move could ease concerns about not having a U.S.-flagged vessel that can transport turbine components in compliance with federal law.\nUnder the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, commonly called the Jones Act, a ship built or registered outside the United States cannot transport cargo from one U.S. port to another. A wind farm is considered a port.\nWhen Deepwater Wind built America’s first offshore wind farm off Block Island in 2015 and 2016, it used smaller U.S. vessels to transport turbine components out to the Norwegian-owned vessel Brave Tern, flagged out of Malta.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-18 12:47:052017-07-18 12:47:05First US offshore wind vessel tailored to New Bedford\nNew York planning 3 to 6 offshore wind farms to reach 2.4GW\nNY plans on 400-800MW projects for 2.4GW offshore target\nNew York expects to meet its 2.4GW offshore wind target for 2030 with around three to six projects of 400-800MW each, with the expectation that the turbines will be 8-10MW in size, according to a state official.\nBeyond Deepwater Wind’s already-contracted 90MW South Fork project off eastern Long Island, which is due for completion in 2022, the state does not anticipate additional projects being on line until the mid-2020s, says Greg Matzat, who leads offshore wind activities\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-12 15:09:342017-07-12 15:09:34New York planning 3 to 6 offshore wind farms to reach 2.4GW\nPlans for U.S. Wind Farms Run Into Headwinds As Market Surges\nFrom FOX Business\nAfter two decades spinning power from the gusts that sweep Europe’s North Sea, the offshore wind industry is finally turning to the U.S. A big hurdle: getting its giant turbines to American waters.\nNo one in the U.S. currently makes turbine towers sizable enough for use in deep waters — one of the many challenges impeding the buildup of offshore wind on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.\nThe first offshore wind installation in the U.S., a $300 million, 30-megawatt project off Rhode Island, began turning six months ago. Companies including Denmark’s Dong Energy AS, Norway’s Statoil ASA and Spain’s Iberdrola SA are now pursuing more than a dozen projects that would dwarf it.\nBut the Block Island wind farm in the U.S. currently generates power for 24.4 cents per kilowatt-hour, while offshore wind projects in Europe can come in well under 10 cents per kilowatt-hour. Developers are optimistic that, as occurred in Europe, prices will go down as more projects begin and a supplier network takes shape in the U.S.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-10 10:56:222017-07-10 10:56:22Plans for U.S. Wind Farms Run Into Headwinds As Market Surges\nOffshore wind industry getting first US-made jack-up vessel\nFrom The Digital Journal\nThe national news media is more focused on what is going on in Washington D.C. than in the advances being made by the renewable energy industry in fueling our economic growth. And the announcement by Zentech on June 28 will have far-reaching effects on the American economy.\nSo what in the world is a four-legged, self-propelled dynamically positioned level 2 (DP2) jack-up vessel? If you have seen videos or pictures of wind turbines being installed in the waters offshore around the world, then you have also seen one of the jack-up vessels.\nJack-up vessels or jack-up rigs, as they are sometimes called, have many uses. With the rig, wrecked ships and oil and gas platforms can be dismantled. And conversely, offshore wind turbines and petroleum company platforms can be installed.\nJackup barges being used to dismantle a ship that was wrecked at sea.\nDbrouse\nZentech plans to use an American-built barge. They will install four truss legs with spud cans, an already proven design used by the oil and gas industry, all integrated onto the new hull.\nIn 2016, when the first U.S. offshore wind farm was being constructed off the coast of Rhode Island, Block Island Wind Farm’s developer, Deepwater Wind had to use Europe-based Fred Olsen Windcarrier’s Brave Tern to install the wind turbines because the U.S. didn’t have a boat large enough to install the vessels.\nHere is where the Jones Act comes into play\nSo, the Brave Tern was brought over from Europe to install the turbines, but it was not allowed to touch the American shore, based on U.S. regulations contained in the Jones Act, This meant that all equipment and supplies had to be brought out to the Brave Tern on U.S. flagged vessels, adding to the cost of the wind farm.\n800-ton yellow cranes positioned the blades and nacelles onto the towers. The ship that carried all the parts was hoisted up above the water.\nDeepwater Wind\nThe Jones Act, also known as The Merchant Marine Act of 1920, is the foundation for protectionist cabotage laws that govern shipping in the United States. The law was passed with the intention of preserving national interests and providing for national defense by supporting the U.S. merchant marine.\nCabotage refers to the transport of goods or passengers between two places in the same country by a transport operator from another country. While initially referring to sea travel, the Jones Act has been expanded to include aviation, railways, and road transport as well.\nBasically, the Jones Act requires that all goods transported by water between U.S. ports be carried on U.S.-flag ships, constructed in the United States, owned by U.S. citizens, and crewed by U.S. citizens and U.S. permanent residents. Needless to say, there has been discussion over the years on revoking or even altering the Jones Act because of its purported stifling of the U.S. economy.\nThe Jones Act compliant jack-up vessel\nThe new vessel has been designed to be compliant with the Jones Act and discussions are already being held with U.S. shipyards in the Gulf and along the East Coast. The vessel’s design will allow it to be navigable along the New Bedford Hurricane Barrier that lies across New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor about 50 miles south of Boston.\nThe New Bedford Hurricane Barrier extends across the harbor consists of a 4,500-foot-long earthfill dike with stone slope protection.\nZentech says the vessel will carry and install components for at least three complete 6-9 megawatts (MW) range wind turbines, while the vessel’s jacking system will be rated at a capacity of 16,000 tons, extending the unit’s service life. With this configuration, up to four 8MW range, fully assembled wind turbines can be installed using a patented cantilever package.\n“With large-scale offshore wind projects following Block Island, the U.S. market requires forward-looking marine logistics,” said Andy Geissbuehler, Managing Partner of Renewable Resources International, according to Renewable Energy World.\n“U.S.-made, domestically accessible and designed in concert with the advanced European offshore wind industry, this vessel conversion is another example of the important role the U.S. oil and gas Industry will play in accelerating the US offshore wind industry.”\nThe vessel is expected to be ready by the last quarter of 2018, with the vessel constructed utilizing US-built components such as barge, legs, spud cans and propulsion. World Maritime News writes that “with addressing the offshore wind industry’s Jones Act challenge, the US built vessel is expected to contribute to the revival of the nation’s shipbuilding industry and port infrastructure.”\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-10 10:45:412017-07-10 10:45:41Offshore wind industry getting first US-made jack-up vessel\nEnvironmental groups push for faster offshore wind buildout in Massachusetts\nJuly 8, 2017 /0 Comments/in News, Wind Energy /by GNBIFadmin\nIn the wake of a major regulatory decision on offshore wind, environmental groups are imploring the Baker administration to accelerate the state’s nearly 10-year timeline to establish a pioneering clean energy industry in Massachusetts.\nOne of those groups, the Environmental League of Massachusetts, went so far as to accuse Governor Charlie Baker’s regulators of participating in an “unholy alliance” with utility companies to slow down the construction of offshore wind farms and diminish the state’s ability to lure clean energy companies.\nThe charge was strongly rebutted by the governor’s office and the utilities, both of which defended the process by which Massachusetts will establish its offshore wind projects — the first competitive solicitation of its kind in the country.\nA 2016 energy law, signed by Baker, allowed the state’s three utilities — National Grid, Eversource, and Unitil — to participate in drafting the requests for proposals, or RFPs, for the state’s fledgling offshore wind energy industry. The utilities can then bid on the construction projects from which they will purchase the wind energy.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-07-08 19:33:412017-07-08 19:33:41Environmental groups push for faster offshore wind buildout in Massachusetts\n2nd wind farm developer, Vineyard Wind, opens New Bedford office\nJune 30, 2017 /0 Comments/in News, Wind Energy /by GNBIFadmin\nFrom SouthCoastToday.com\nNEW BEDFORD — Vineyard Wind, one of three likely bidders for the state’s first offshore wind contract, held a ribbon cutting and reception for its New Bedford office Thursday.\nThe celebration, on the fifth floor of the Bank of America building on Pleasant Street, came the same day that a final request for proposals was issued by electricity companies, in conjunction with the state, detailing the requirements for the first project.\nOn hand for the opening were state Rep. Patricia Haddad, D-Somerset, president pro tem of the House of Representatives, New Bedford Mayor Jon Mitchell, and others who have promoted offshore wind.\n“I think this is probably one of the most exciting things that will ever happen on the SouthCoast,” Haddad said. She thanked the New Bedford legislative delegation for allowing her to become part of the movement for offshore wind.\nMitchell said New Bedford initially took criticism for embracing offshore wind, but today, mayors around the country are talking about how their cities can become drivers of a green energy revolution.\n“A great deal of our political capital and a great deal of our credibility was put out on the line to … persuade people that this could happen,” he said.\nHe thanked Vineyard Wind Chief Executive Officer Erich Stephens for his leadership on the subject, calling Stephens “one of the American apostles of the offshore wind industry.”\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-06-30 19:10:532017-06-30 19:10:532nd wind farm developer, Vineyard Wind, opens New Bedford office\nFirst Jones Act turbine installation vessel in works\nJune 30, 2017 /0 Comments/in News, OffShore Wind /by GNBIFadmin\nFrom Marine Log\nUNE 29, 2017—Plans for the construction of the first Jones Act-compliant offshore wind turbine installation vessel were unveiled recently by marine engineering firm Zentech Inc. and energy development project specialist Renewables Resources International.\nThe two companies are partnering on the vessel that would be based on a new design from Houston-based Zentech, an expert in offshore rig design. Zentech says the installation vessel will be a self-propelled, DP2 Class jack-up with four truss legs with spud cans—a proven oil & gas design—integrated into a newly built hull.\nWith only one commercial offshore wind farm in operation in the U.S.—the five-turbine Block Island Wind Farm, owned by Deepwater Wind—the construction of a U.S.-built, Jones Act-compliant offshore wind turbine installation vessel previously just didn’t make financial or operational sense. Fred. Olsen Windcarrier installed by five GE Haliade 150-6MW wind turbines using its specialist jack-up vessel Brave Tern (shown at right).\nHowever, with other offshore wind farm development moving forward off of the U.S. East Coast, the timing may be right for a Jones Act-compliant turbine installation vessel.\nZentech’s Sundaram “Sundy” Srinivasan pointed to the flexibility of the jack-up, which, when not operating as an installation vessel, would be capable of being used for decommissioning platforms in 300-ft water depths. “It has always been the company’s plan to rejuvenate American shipbuilding,” says Srinivasan, “and this will do that.”\nWhile he didn’t want to reveal too much about the vessel’s design because of competitive reasons, he said the jack-up will be able to navigate the New Bedford Hurricane Barrier and transport and install at least three complete 6 to 9 MW range wind turbines. The vessel’s jacking system will be rated at a capacity of 16,000 tons, extending the unit’s service life.\nAccording to Zentech, the wind turbine installation vessel will be able to install up to four 8MW range, fully assembled wind turbines using a patented cantilever package. The vessel will be able to install the fully assembled wind turbines with precision and is “future proof”—with the ability to handle 10MW or higher capacity wind turbines.\n“With larger scale offshore wind projects following Block Island, the U.S. market requires forward looking marine logistics, such as Zentech’s competitive, Jones Act compliant jack-up installation vessel,” said Andy Geissbuehler, Managing Partner of Renewable Resources International (RRI). Geissbuehler, who held executive positions at ABB, Alstom, and GE, worked on the Block Island Wind Farm.\nThomas Brostrøm, President of DONG Energy North America—which is looking at projects in Massachusetts and New Jersey, called the announcement of a U.S. flagged wind turbine installation vessel “a positive sign and a step in the right direction for the offshore wind industry in the U.S. This will help in the creation of a sustainable supply chain that includes several suppliers and we welcome initiatives such as this from serious market players in the industry.”\nDiscussions are underway with U.S. shipyards in the Gulf of Mexico and along the East Coast, with the expectation of a delivery no later than fourth quarter of 2018. The unit will be constructed utilizing U.S.-built components such as barge, legs, spud cans and propulsion.\nhttp://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png 0 0 GNBIFadmin http://newbedfordbusinesspark.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/gnbif_logo_1.png GNBIFadmin2017-06-30 12:18:192017-06-30 12:18:19First Jones Act turbine installation vessel in works\n1213 Purchase Street\nNew Bedford, MA 02740","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line635597"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8533428311347961,"wiki_prob":0.8533428311347961,"text":"Stephanie Gaskell\nCritical Mass, the bike group that swarms through city streets and is facing a police crackdown, is planning another ride through Manhattan next Friday.\nThe Post reported on Wednesday that the NYPD proposed new rules that would require groups with as few as 20 bicyclists to secure a police permit, even if they obey all traffic laws and stop and red lights.\nBut the group said the impending plan - which won't be in effect by next week - isn't going to deter them from taking to the streets next week.\n\"It's insane,\" said Norman Siegel, a lawyer who represents the bike group. \"It's not the way to deal with the problem. It's overkill and it's vindictive.\"\nSiegel warned that if the new rules are approved, they will be too difficult for police to enforce.\n\"It will be very time-consuming, so police will - I predict - selectively enforce this,\" Siegel said. \"We need to stop this.\"\nA spokesman for the NYPD said it won't be a problem, as long a cyclists \"observe the law.\"\n‹ 2006-07-21 Scary Parades - New York Times up 2006-07-20 NYPD Pushes For New Rules - NY1 ›","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1237075"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7027713656425476,"wiki_prob":0.7027713656425476,"text":"Article 4: Freedom from slavery and forced labour 1\nEuropean Court of Human Rights 1\nImmigration: children who are eligible for leave to remain whose parents have been convicted of a crime (KO (Nigeria) & Ors v Secretary of State for the Home Department)\nHome Office policy says that children who are eligible to apply for leave to remain but whose parents are ‘foreign criminals’ must either be deported with the parent or remain in the UK without them. We are concerned that this breaches the child’s right to family life, and we intervened in a case seeking to challenge the Home Office policy.\nBedroom tax: under what circumstances is a spare room justifiable? (R (Daly and others) (formerly known as MA and others) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions)\nHousing benefit regulations reduce the amount of benefit available to people who have a spare bedroom. Seven people who had lost some of their benefit challenged the Department for Work and Pensions in the Supreme Court.\nSelf-employment: protecting the equality rights of self-employed people (Pimlico Plumbers and another v Smith )\nWe know that some companies have people working for them who are technically self-employed.\nThis meant that thousands of workers did not enjoy some of the employment rights and protections that employees do.\nWe supported a man who had worked on a self-employed basis for the same firm for six years.\nWhen the firm refused to make adjustments to his work after a heart attack, he successfully took his disability discrimination case to the Employment Tribunal.\nThe firm appealed, arguing that the man was not protected by the Equality Act 2010.\nClarifying the protections of the Equality Act for migrant workers (Taiwo & Anor v Olaigbe & Ors)\nA woman who came to the UK as a migrant domestic worker was abused and exploited by her employer. She successfully brought several claims against the employer, but her claim for race discrimination did not succeed. We supported her to challenge this in the Supreme Court.\nEnsuring schools make entrance exams accessible for disabled children (X v Proprietor of Reading School)\nA pupil with a vision impairment was unable to sit an entry exam (11+) to a grammar school when the adjustments he needed weren’t made. The successful outcome from this case clarified who is responsible for making reasonable adjustments and improved the accessibility of entrance exams.\nImproving public transport for disabled people (Paulley v First Group PLC)\nA disabled man was unable to board a bus because a passenger with a pushchair refused to vacate the wheelchair space. The man successfully brought a claim for discrimination against the bus company. The company appealed twice in the Supreme Court, which is where our involvement began.\nChallenging discrimination of a homosexual couple by a hotel (Bull and another (Appellants) v Hall and another (Respondents))\nWhen a private hotel run by committed Christians refused the booking of a double bedroom by a homosexual couple in a civil partnership, we provided legal assistance and the couple successfully won their claim of direct discrimination.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1204458"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6107771396636963,"wiki_prob":0.3892228603363037,"text":"Tourism – A Development Booster\nThese past few years, I have noticed a growing number of tourists coming to Eritrea. Many are from Italy there are some from also other parts of Europe, Australia and elsewhere. “Your country has so much touristic potential” is the usual comment that one hears from the tourists. Those tourists are right.\nEritrea has immense potential in tourism; yet the country remains mostly undiscovered. “When I decided to travel with my daughter to Eritrea, I had to deal with many negative comments but I wanted to see with my own eyes and for my daughter to discover by herself rather than listening to hearsays”, said a French tourist I met in Massawa last month. These kinds of travellers are now coming gradually to visit and see with their own eyes. There is a rise in backpacker tourists, young groups and the elderly who come looking for places where culture, harmony, landscapes, architecture and history are found and, more importantly, far away from the “mass tourism”. This is where Eritrea’s potential resides. It is a type of tourism which goes in line with the development and preservation of cultural values and the environment. Promoting tourism for development is what lies behind this year’s World Tourism Day observed on September 27th.\nIn fact, under the theme of “2017 International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development”, the Eritrean Tourism Service Association (ETSA) in partnership with the Ministry of Tourism – Central region branch and the Asmara Heritage Project office organized various events in Asmara. The local theme focused on “Asmara for Sustainable Tourism” in line with Asmara’s inscription into the UNESCO World Heritage list. “We are never bored to walk around the city. There is always something to discover by just looking at the architecture. Asmara isn’t a common city”, said Mr. Medhane Amanuel, accompanied by his co-workers, Mr. Haile Michael and Mr. Faniel Habtemichael, all artists who made miniature wooden architectural representations of Asmara’s famous sites such as the Opera House Cinema Asmara and Fiat Tagliero. Their artworks were displayed at an exhibition held at the Municipality Hall this past weekend for the occasion of World Tourism Day.\nCelebrated for the 23rd time in Eritrea, this year was a different celebration as it comes at a time of the inscription of Asmara as a world heritage site. It finally gave the accreditation the capital city deserves. “Cultural heritage is a way to get one country to be known”, said Eng. Medhane Teklehaimanot from the Asmara Heritage Project office who contributed greatly to Eritrea’s inscription. World Tourism Day provided an opportunity for Eritrea to boost its tourism potential and be renowned for its beauty, hospitality and safety. What a better day to celebrate Asmara’s achievement than on World Tourism Day!\nWorld Tourism Day was celebrated through various events and campaigns. An interview was held on EriTV a week before the day with the chairman of ETSA, Mr. Solomon Abraha. Mr. Solomon explained the importance of promoting tourism as a means for development. In doing so, important aspects have to be taken into consideration. Hospitality, the provision of services, hygiene and sanitation were key words in this year’s campaign. “Keeping our streets clean, our restaurants and hotels are key in welcoming tourists”, the chairman said. Accordingly, a cleaning day was organized on September 29th. The idea was to put all cafes, bars, restaurants and shops in competition and evaluate their level of hygiene as well as hospitality. Everything was closed until 8am to give time for cleaning. Monitored by the association, this sensitization campaign will continue for the next six months. In the morning hours of Saturday the 30th, the official ceremony was held at the Municipality hall in Asmara. The picturesque hall with its high ceiling, chandeliers, its impressive wooden stage combined with standing banners representing Asmara’s architectural heritage welcomed guests. Ladies and gentlemen standing by the entrance door wearing their traditional outfits handed roses to all guests. Music reminiscing the old days and chanting Asmara were played at the back. The house was full. It was time for the opening ceremony.\nThe crowd listened to Mr. Tekeste Asgodom who introduced the two competitions, which took place in the capital Asmara. The two competitions consisted of a cleaning contest and a photographic one. The latter was awaited for a month to know the result. Mr. Zerai Haile, member of the contest committee continued by explaining the photography competition. The idea was to illustrate Asmara’s beauty through the lenses of artists within a period of 21 days. Twenty-eight artists took part in the photography contest with 71 photos presented. The competition was difficult as many criteria were set. Sharpness, depth of field, lightning, aesthetic and visual criteria, deigned elements and principles, the impact, content and relevance of the topic were all graded. Mr. Teazaz Abraha, Mr. Afeworki Haile and Mr. Ghirmaiy kifle won 3rd, 2nd and 1st place respectively. The photos were then displayed at the exhibition opened by Minister Askalu Menkerios of Tourism. The guests appreciated the exhibition with images and urban planning of Asmara of the late 1800s to the current Asmara combined with photos of citizens of Asmara.\nEvents organized around World Tourism Day are the occasions for the association to raise awareness of the public towards Eritrea’s tourism potential and what it requires to develop. “Each year, we organize events such as visiting potential touristic sites or provide training as well as monitoring tourism related sector of activities to ensure that code of ethics are met”, said Mrs. Lidia Berhane, a member of the association within the sector of travel agencies. She is also a former airlines employee and now owns Lidia Travel Agency. Mrs. Lidia also mentioned the importance of promoting domestic tourism rather than only looking at international tourism. Certainly, many local citizens do not realise Eritrea’s tourism potential, as it seems common to see neglected historic buildings in Asmara or in Massawa for instance. However, promoting low-cost tourism for schools and ministries may be an opportunity for the local population to discover their own country. “People are willing and the youth are eager”, Mrs. Lidia added.\nIt is a collective work to promote tourism by ensuring that the provision of services such as sanitation, safety, transport, environment and health among others” said Mrs. Lia Gebreab, Head of the Ministry of Tourism – Central region branch, in her speech during the official ceremony. Surely, the mission of the Association in partnership with the Ministry is a work in progress and, as Mrs. Lia said in her speech, it requires a collective approach in providing basic services. Certainly, promoting tourism further in Eritrea would provide economic development and foreign currencies and contribute toward nation branding. As such the objective of the association, as written in its constitution (2013), is to “enable its members to have a collective strength and contribute in the economic development of the nation collectively”. In other words, promoting tourism as a tool of development would require strong leadership, participation of the host communities in terms of employment opportunities and the respect of socio-cultural authenticity. According to the UN World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), sustainable tourism can contribute in cultural understanding and tolerance.\nTourism for development comes at a critical juncture in Eritrea’s development endeavours. The way forward is promoting it further through the media, better engagement on the Internet and international travelling information websites as well as through different types of tourism activities such as camping, backpacking, diving, visits of monasteries and ancient sites. Boosting tourism that respects national values and contributes to the development of local citizens is possible in Eritrea. Actually, the UNWTO believes that tourism can contribute to all three dimensions of sustainable development, economic, social and environmental. In fact, worldwide tourism generated about USD 1.5 trillion and the number of international tourist arrivals increased by 4.6% in 2015, equivalent to 1,184 million of tourists (UNWTO 2017)\nEngaging further the youth who are eager to showcase their country through artwork, as Mr. Medhane and his friends, would also be one way of promoting tourism. Encouraging tourism would not only boost the economy but would also play a key part as a soft power by using cultural diplomacy to change the way the country is portrayed.\n“Persistence and contribution of conscious youth vital for ensuring continuity of a nation”: General Philipos\nNPVC “Transforming endeavors for better outcome!”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1308256"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5200170278549194,"wiki_prob":0.47998297214508057,"text":"Retire to Europe on $35,000 a Year in These 5 Places—Internationalliving.com\nWith low-cost airlines offering remarkably cheap flight deals to Europe right now, the Old World is more accessible than ever—and it’s more affordable, too. In a new report, the editors at Internationalliving.com pinpoint five spots where you can retire on $35,000 a year, or less.\nValletta Malta\n\"When Americans on a limited budget compare the quality of life they’re able to enjoy in Europe to what their dollars buy in the States, it’s often a shock\"\nBALTIMORE (PRWEB) July 31, 2018\nIt’s not hard to retire to Europe on $35,000 a year, or less. In welcoming, warm-weather, good-value escapes expat retirees find that their dollars stretch far.\n“When Americans on a limited budget compare the quality of life they’re able to enjoy in Europe to what their dollars buy in the States, it’s often a shock,” says Jennifer Stevens, Executive Editor, International Living. “Outside the big metro areas, you’ll find all sorts of good-value options in Italy, Spain, France, Portugal, and even Malta. These are communities where the weather is good so it’s easy to enjoy the outdoors, and where value is placed on good food, enjoying the arts, and on a relaxed pace of life—none of which costs very much.”\nBasilicata, Italy\nThe Italians know how to enjoy life. In fact, they’re famous for it. The gorgeous scenery, the stellar food, the fabulous people and the fascinating history sum up the joys of Italian life— La dolce vita.\nItaly is full of classic postcard landscapes that appeal to all the senses. Living in Italy can be as expensive or as low-cost as you want it to be—it all depends on location and lifestyle. The big cities like Rome, Milan, and Florence can be expensive. But get outside the metro areas and prices drop significantly.\nTake Basilicata, a hidden gem tucked into the ankle of “the boot,” speckled with verdant valleys, deep forests, rolling hills, and alpine peaks. It offers a laidback, enjoyable lifestyle that can be affordable, where you’ll be welcomed and well-fed.\n“The boot” garners top honors in cuisine; prosciutto, parmigiano, pizza, porcini, and pasta…they’re famous because they’re so delizioso.\nLife here, as with so much of Italy, is relaxed, and there is a history of hospitality that will make you feel at home and help you adapt. A monthly budget for a couple in Basilicata comes to $1,600.\nAlicante is a port city on Spain’s south-eastern Costa Blanca. Home to about 330,000 people, it offers an unbeatable combination of comfortable city living and relaxed country friendliness.\nAlicante has two distinct rhythms. In the summer, the city transforms into a tourist’s playground where gelato shops spring up on almost every street, vendors walk the beaches selling ice-cold cans of beer, and a myriad of languages bubbles through the streets.\nThings slow down as the weather grows colder and the tourists head home. Yet winter is entirely pleasant as the temperature rarely drops below 50 F. Most days, the sky remains a crystal clear blue and the wide beaches become yours alone to wander and explore.\nWith an international airport and train station offering high-speed connections to Madrid and beyond, Alicante is a great hub from which to experience Europe.\nAnd living here is affordable. A couple can live well in Alicante on $2,390 per month.\nMany European cities have been sought out by expats from the U.S. and Canada in recent years. But what Porto offers is an enchanting combination of Old World charm and First-World convenience wrapped in a consummately affordable and attractive package.\nThe second-largest metropolitan area in Portugal after Lisbon, Porto is located on the Douro River, where it flows into the Atlantic. The city center is home to less than 240,000 people and has a small city’s feel and friendliness. But it’s also a thriving business city with an international airport.\nFor all Porto’s natural and architectural beauty, fine food and wine, and pleasurable pastimes, it’s surprisingly affordable to live here—a monthly budget for a couple runs to $1,550.\nA cup of coffee in a café is a dollar or less, fresh fruit goes for $1 per pound, and a three-course lunch for two including wine at a mid-range restaurant will cost you just $20. And senior discounts are offered in many museums and other sites of interest.\nProvence inspires retirement dreams with its rolling fields of lavender, sunbaked stone medieval villages tinged with the scent of orange blossoms, lines of stately cypress trees, and daily blue skies—it exudes the essence of beautiful living.\nProvence is a sweeping area at the center of the Alps-Provence-Cote d’Azur region of south-eastern France, bordering Italy and the glittering waters of the Mediterranean Sea.\nFrance’s second largest city, Marseille, is its capital, but visitors tend to gravitate to popular smaller towns, such as Aix-en-Provence—a wildly romantic little city of fountains and medieval streets that was once the Provençal capital.\nMost visitors are drawn to experience sophisticated pleasures like the opera, ballet, art galleries, and high-class restaurants. But, with a population of 142,000, Aix doesn’t concentrate solely on highbrow culture; it’s also a lively university city.\nHere, a couple can enjoy a great retirement on $2,695 per month.\nFrom countryside farmhouses to ancient walled cities and breath-taking coastal pathways to quirky, hidden-gem restaurants, the tiny island nation of Malta has a little something for everyone.\nAt only 122 square miles, making it one of the smallest nations in the European Union, Malta packs a real punch—it’s home to a number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and over 155 miles of coastline. And, thanks to its far southern location, the islands benefit from warm weather year-round.\nHere, the English-speaking population—a legacy of British colonization—makes it easy for North Americans to adjust to life.\nMalta has been a coveted destination for centuries and Valletta, Malta’s capital city, is an especially desirable location—the European Capital of Culture 2018. With rolling hills reminiscent of San Francisco, Valletta offers incredible views of ships entering and leaving its harbors.\nBuilt after The Great Siege of 1565, when the Ottoman Empire tried to capture Malta from the Knights of Saint John, Valetta was chiseled by the knights out of a barren rocky peninsula and lined with steep walls and imposing towers.\nDollars can go surprisingly far here, with couples living comfortably on $2,600 per month.\nThe full report can be found here: 5 Places in Europe Where You Can Retire on $35,000 a Year\nEditor's Note: Members of the media have permission to republish the article linked above once credit is given to Internationalliving.com\nFurther information, as well as interviews with expert authors for radio, TV or print, is available on request. Photos are also available.\nFor information about InternationalLiving.com content republishing, source material or to book an interview with one of our experts, contact PR Managing Editor, Marita Kelly, +001 667 312 3532, mkelly@internationalliving.com\nTwitter: @inliving\nFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/International.Living/\nAbout International Living\nSince 1979, Internationaliving.com has been the leading authority for anyone looking for global retirement or relocation opportunities. Through its monthly magazine and related e-letters, extensive website, podcasts, online bookstore, and events held around the world, InternationalLiving.com provides information and services to help its readers live better, travel farther, have more fun, save more money, and find better business opportunities when they expand their world beyond their own shores. InternationalLiving.com has more than 200 correspondents traveling the globe, investigating the best opportunities for travel, retirement, real estate, and investment.\nMarita Kelly\n+1 +001 667 312 3532\n@inliving","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line749311"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8908557891845703,"wiki_prob":0.8908557891845703,"text":"Tomlin, Heyward Respond To Claypool's Controversial 'Practice' Comments\nBy Jason Hall Nov 30, 2021\nPittsburgh Steelers head coach Mike Tomlin and defensive captain Cam Heyward don't seem to share wide receiver Chase Claypool's sentiments on playing music at practice as a possible fix to the team's recent woes.\nWhile addressing reporters on Monday (November 29), Claypool suggested that playing music during practice would make it \"more fun and little more uptempo.\"\nTomlin addressed the comments while speaking with reporters on Tuesday (November 30).\n\"Claypool plays wideout, and I'll let him do that. I'll formulate the practice approach and I think that division of labor is probably appropriate,\" Tomlin said via WPXI's Jenna Harner.\nHeyward appeared on the DVE Morning Show Tuesday and apparently disagrees strongly with his teammate's plan for improvement.\n\"I hope he was kidding because as soon as he said it I was literally about to rip the speaker out,\" Heyward said. \"That is not what we need right now. It's X's & O's and it's execution.\"\nHost Mike Prisuta told Heyward he didn't believe Claypool was kidding, to which the All-Pro defensive end responded, \"Well then he's gonna be in shock because there's not gonna be anything played during practice.\"\nThe Steelers currently face a two-game losing streak after tying the winless Detroit Lions, 16-16, on November 14.\nPittsburgh has since allowed 41 points in each of their last two losses to the Los Angeles Chargers (41-37) and Cincinnati Bengals (41-10).\nThe recent skid comes after the Steelers put together a four-game winning streak to improve to 5-3 through their first eight games prior to the tie against Detroit.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1608428"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6957089900970459,"wiki_prob":0.6957089900970459,"text":"Coronavirus in Spain: As Covid cases decline, dancing returns to Spanish nightclubs | Society\nBy Edward B. Evans\t On Oct 11, 2021\nYoung people dance in a nightclub in Madrid on October 8.Luis Seville\nMasks are quickly becoming one of the few visible signs that Spain remains in the grip of the coronavirus pandemic, even as the country entered the low-risk scenario last week, with less than 50 cases per 100,000 people on a period of 14 days.\nIn a further sign of the return to normal, nightclubs in many parts of Spain reopened their dance floors this weekend after months of closure. These include Catalonia, Madrid, the region of Valencia, Asturias and the Balearic Islands. Nightlife spots in several other regions – which are responsible for their health systems, the Covid-19 vaccination campaign and coronavirus measures – lifted this restriction earlier this month, and only Murcia and Aragon still prohibit indoor dancing on their territory.\nWhat remains prohibited in most areas is drinking on the dance floor, while face masks remain mandatory. Health Minister Carolina Darias ruled out the possibility of lifting this rule on Friday. “We don’t know how the flu or other viruses will behave. We will take this step at a time, firmly, to bring the accumulated incidence rates even lower, and masks play a vital role in that regard, ”she said.\nFor entrepreneurs, this was eagerly awaited news. “It was very important to get the dance floors back,” said Joaquim Boadas of the Spain Nightlife Association industrial group. “Without it, the activity loses part of its purpose, and if you don’t make it attractive, people will prefer to organize private parties or botellones [group outdoor drinking binges]. The authorities are finally realizing it, even if it happens late.\nYoung people dance in the early hours of Saturday at the Sala Apolo in Barcelona.Albert Garcia (EL PAS)\nMany experts consulted by this newspaper agreed that nightlife is one of the most delicate areas in terms of transmission of the coronavirus. Even though industry leaders claim their places are safe spaces, epidemiologists and virologists like to point out that these are indoor places, usually very poorly ventilated, with loud music that makes people scream – that is to say more aerosols in the air – and the service of alcohol, not conducive to strict compliance with the law.\nMuch of the above was on display in Barcelona last Thursday. Despite the rules, it was easy to see people drinking in no-go areas with their masks down or completely removed on dance floors, and no safe distance between people. In some places, it was difficult to spot the differences between now and 2019, before the health crisis hit.\nSpanish health authorities were reluctant to relax club and bar rules following the bad experience of summer 2020, when these places became transmission hot spots for the second wave of the coronavirus. Although the incidence rate is now similar to what it was in July of last year, there is one key difference: Most people have either been vaccinated – 87.5% of the target population are completely immune, according to the Department of Health – or have acquired natural immunity. by exposure to the virus.\nAlthough vaccination is not a guarantee against transmission, it greatly reduces the risk and makes any infection much milder than it would be without the protection of the vaccine: Spain’s fifth wave was seven times less fatal than waves previous ones.\nEmployees of Sala Apolo in Barcelona check the Covid passes of customers outside the club.Albert Garcia\nSome regions require customers to show proof of immunity via the Covid pass – which confirms vaccination, a recent negative test, or recovery from the disease. The northwestern region of Galicia has reopened dance floors and allowed clubs to remain open until 4 a.m. at 75% of capacity, as long as this and other conditions are met, including a system continuous monitoring of CO₂ emissions. But industry sources said that in practice very few establishments can meet all of these requirements.\nIn Catalonia, Covid passes were checked at the doors of nightlife venues from Thursday. The industrial group Fecasarm estimates that around 40% of theaters opened that day. Boadas, who is also a member of this association, specifies that the requirement is to encourage young people to be vaccinated. “Many are calling to ask if they can go to a nightclub the same day they were vaccinated,” he said. The answer is no: a 14 day waiting period is required.\nIn the Balearic Islands, proof of vaccination began to be required on Friday evening, but industry groups estimate that only around 15% of sites will be open in the coming days as the region’s peak season is over. In this regard, there is no change from the days before the pandemic, when all major clubs in Ibiza closed at this time of year for lack of sufficient customers. At the start of last summer, the Balearics tried to relax their restrictions, but an outbreak in Mallorca involving students on their end-of-term trips has dashed any hopes of saving the season.\nMost experts agree that if the further easing of restrictions results in more waves, the healthcare system will be ready to deal with it. Technicians at the national and regional levels worked on a new traffic light system for recommendations in the event of new coronavirus outbreaks. No one is ruling out the possibility of a viral mutation that could force authorities to change the rules again.\nPedro Gullón, of the Spanish Society of Epidemiology, said there was no sense in trying to guess what would happen in the coming months. “We don’t know if the epidemic will end now, and trying to predict it, given that it is circulating around the world, would be like licking your finger and holding it to feel which way the wind is blowing,” did he declare. “What is clear, however, is that we need the right surveillance systems in order to provide answers to any problems that may arise.”\nWith a report of Mar Lopez, Sonia vizoso and Lucia Bohórquez.\nEnglish version by Susana Urra.\nIranian and Spanish ministers discuss relations, Afghanistan and Iran-EU relations\nAt bicentennial, Pope urges Mexicans to focus on the present, the future\nBank of Spain to revise downward GDP forecast for 2021, governor says\nSpain bans plastic packaging for fruits and vegetables to reduce waste\nSpotlight on traditions: An evening with Pietas – Comunità Gentile\nSpain adds Portugal, Hungary and several other regions to its list of high risk areas\nSpain: in divorce cases, shared custody of cats and dogs – General news\nArt Industry News: Why ‘Vigilante’ Restorers Keep Tearing Up Heritage…\nOnly one EU country signs deal to save post-Brexit music tours, despite Boris Johnson…","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1569077"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6751619577407837,"wiki_prob":0.3248380422592163,"text":"Bike Returned To Owner - Even Though It Hadn’t Been Reported Stolen\nA man whose Raleigh Mountain bike was stolen from his home on a canal boat in Bath was surprised to have it returned to him, as he hadn’t even reported the crime to the police.\nNicholas Phillips had locked the bike securely on his boat one evening before going to sleep. He woke the next morning to find it had been taken. The bike was recovered by police three weeks later and about seven miles from where it was stolen.\nNicholas had originally purchased the bike from a second-hand bike shop and didn’t have much hope that he would get it back when it was stolen. For that reason, he didn’t report the incident to police.\nAn officer from British Transport Police (BTP) Bath Spa recovered the bike, which was traceable back to Nicholas only due to the fact that it had been marked and registered to him on BikeRegister, the national cycle database, at one of the many BTP bike marking events that take place locally.\nPC James Lucas of BTP said: “When I marked the bike in 2015 Mr Phillips was really happy to have his bike marked, and of having the reassurance that if his bike was stolen we would do our best to get it back to him.”\nHe continued: “Bikeregister is a great tool and has proven today that if you steal a bike it is traceable. Without BikeRegister there is no way Mr Phillips would have not got his bike back, as we would have had no way of knowing who it belonged to.”\n“Having police access to the website and the owner’s details 24/7 is brilliant. It means we can quickly inform BikeRegister and the owner that the bike has been found.\"\nDuring the three weeks that Nicholas’s bike was missing, he purchased a new one and got that one marked and registered to BikeRegister too.\nNicholas has since decided to donate his old bike to Julian House, a homeless project in Bath which has close links with British Transport Police.\n[email protected]keregister.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1602287"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7459678649902344,"wiki_prob":0.7459678649902344,"text":"Technological University of South-East Ireland Project\nWhy a Technological University?\nThe Institute Presidents\nJoint Governing Body\nProject Leadership Group\nJoint Executive\nStudent Services / Lifecycle\nAcademic, Teaching & Learning\nMulti-Campus\nInstitutes set 1 January 2022 as TUSEI start date\nThe chairpersons of the governing bodies and the presidents of Waterford Institute of Technology and Institute of Technology Carlow today (23 September), in a briefing note to business and other community leaders, announced their objective that the Technological University of the South East of Ireland will be established on 1 January 2022.\nStating that the institutes are now in the final stages of establishing the TU, the briefing note states that both institutes will apply to the Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research and Innovation in late spring/early summer 2021 for an order to establish the university. That application will set off a series of steps, including a review by a panel of international experts, and a formal decision by the Minister next summer. A period of time will then be required to prepare fully for establishment day and to appoint a president for the new university.\nTo support success, the institutes announced a range of structural changes to the project, including the setting up of a Project Office with a Project Executive Director, and the organisation of the project into seven workstreams, each of which will be jointly led by a senior executive from each of the institutes. An eighth workstream will be led by the presidents of the students unions. Wide-ranging staff engagement will be supported and encouraged through a series of working groups in each workstream. A Joint Governing Body Steering Group will oversee the project, as at present.\nThe briefing note ends by committing the institutes to continued interaction with the stakeholders and by stating, “Our objective is that, on 1 January 2022, the Minister will establish the university. We have a high level of confidence that we will achieve TU status within this time. Our confidence is based upon the commitment of our staff and students, who have already contributed so much to its achievement, and to the support directly and indirectly of our most valued stakeholders”.\n« All Latest News\nThe South East Institutes of Technology in Carlow and Waterford are committed to the creation of an engaged, ambitious and proactive multi-campus Technological University.\nIf you have any questions about TUSE feel free to email us at info@tuse.ie\nFor full contact details please click here »\nAbout TUSEI","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line385845"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6499112248420715,"wiki_prob":0.6499112248420715,"text":"Burma: Legislation Would Exacerbate Anti-Muslim Discrimination, Violence\n(New York) – Burma’s parliament should scrap a proposed religion law that would encourage further repression and violence against Muslims and other religious minorities, Human Rights Watch said today. The draft law on religious conversions, published in the state-run media on May 27, 2014, would impose unlawful restrictions on Burmese citizens wishing to change their religion.\n“Burma’s government is stoking communal tensions by considering a draft law that will politicize religion and permit government intrusion on decisions of faith,” said Brad Adams, Asia director. “Following more than two years of anti-Muslim violence, this law would put Muslims and other religious minorities in an even more precarious situation.”\nUnder the draft law, any Burmese citizen who plans to change religion must seek a series of permissions from local representatives of government departments, including the Ministries of Religion, Education, Immigration and Population, and Women’s Affairs, and wait 90 days for permission to be granted. Penalties for failing to obtain government permission to change one’s religion are not stated. Proselytizing, forcing someone to convert, or insulting another religion would become punishable by up to one year in prison.\nThe draft law was printed in full in Burmese language state media. Human Rights Watch noted that the government provided a fax number for citizens to send feedback to the Ministry of Religious Affairs, although very few citizens in Burma have access to a fax machine.\nIf enacted, the bill would violate Burma’s obligations to uphold the rights to freedom of religion, conscience, and expression under international law. The proposed restrictions on conversion, proselytizing, and speech contravene the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states that “[e]veryone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom;” and that “[e]veryone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom … to seek, receive and impart information and ideas.”\nThe proposed law could also violate the rights of women “freely to choose a spouse and to enter into marriage,” under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), to which Burma is a party.\nBurma’s 2008 Constitution in article 34 provides that citizens may “freely profess and practice religion subject to public order, morality or health,” and article 348 ensures that the state “shall not discriminate against any citizen … based on race, birth, religion, official position, status, culture, sex and wealth.”\n“Requiring government permission to change one’s faith breaches every tenet of religious freedom and provides officials wide latitude to act arbitrarily and deny permission,” Adams said. “The draft religion law is a recipe for further outrages against Burma’s Muslim minority. Rather than pandering to Buddhist extremists, the government should be acting to bridge the divides that threaten Burma’s fragile reform process.”\nThe Ministry of Religious Affairs drafted the law as part of a series of four laws related to marriage, religion, polygamy, and family planning proposed by a Buddhist organization called the Association for the Protection of Race and Religion (or its Burmese acronym, Ma Ba Tha) connected to the nationalist Buddhist monk movement known as “969.” The four draft laws had been sent to President Thein Sein in mid-2013. Thein Sein and the speaker of the national assembly, Thura Shwe Mann, instructed relevant ministries and departments to convert the monks’ draft laws into government-endorsed drafts to be considered by the public before being introduced into the lower house of parliament after June 20 in the assembly’s current session.\nA senior leader of the group, U Wirathu, has been quoted in the media saying that “[Muslims] are breeding so fast and they are stealing our women, raping them.” He also said most of Burma’s Muslims are “radical, bad people.”\nWhile the laws are widely perceived to be directed against Burma’s Muslim minority, particularly the long-persecuted and effectively stateless Rohingya minority in Arakan State, the country’s sizeable Christian minority would also be negatively affected.\nOn May 6, 97 Burmese women’s groups and community organizations signed a joint petition to the government decrying the inter-faith marriage law. Responding to this petition, nationalist monks referred to these groups as “lice that live under the skin,” and Wirathu referred to them as traitors. Nationalist monks have exerted increasing influence in Burmese public life since the political reform process started, and have targeted Muslim communities and international Muslim organizations such as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.\nHuman Rights Watch’s investigations into violence in western Burma’s Arakan State in 2012 found evidence that security forces and government-backed groups committed crimes against humanity in a campaign of “ethnic cleansing” against Rohingya and other Muslims. More than 180,000 Rohingya remain internally displaced; many others have fled the country.\n“The government’s failure to address anti-Muslim repression and violence in the country is a powder keg waiting to be lit,” Adams said. “International donors, investors, and governments need to vocally oppose this law and other laws and policies that could result in long-term religious discrimination in Burma.”\nLabels: Burma, Discrimination, Gender Issues, Human Rights, Tolerance","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line287318"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9835379123687744,"wiki_prob":0.9835379123687744,"text":"The next Oscars will have a host, ABC Entertainment president reveals\nABC/AMPAS\nThe Oscars podium has remained empty since Jimmy Kimmel left the stage in 2018, but for this year’s 94th annual Academy Awards, a host will emcee the evening once again.\n“You heard it here first,” said Craig Erwich, president Hulu Originals & ABC Entertainment, at the virtual Television Critics Association press confab on Tuesday.\nIt remains to be seen who will get the tap, but the Academy has apparently reached out to some perspective hosts, according to The Hollywood Reporter — including Spider-Man series star Tom Holland.\nHolland, an accomplished dancer who kicked off his career on stage in Billy Elliot, told the trade that he’d be up for it, which apparently prompted the chat with the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).\nThe Oscars ran without a host for the first time in 2019, following a Twitter controversy that led Kevin Hart to ditch plans for what was for him once a dream gig.\nWithout a host, ratings actually jumped from the previous year; however, the most recent host-less telecast in 2021, which was delayed by the pandemic and held at Los Angeles’ Union Station instead of its traditional Dolby Theatre home, attracted a mere 10.4 million viewers — less than half the audience of its first host-free event.\nThe 94th Annual Academy Awards will air March 27 on ABC.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1340810"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7618255019187927,"wiki_prob":0.7618255019187927,"text":"The Seduction Of Kansas\nRelease Date 05 April 2019\nSPR031CD\nSister Polygon Records\nWhat is at stake in the seduction of Kansas? Like a gavel or hammer, the question rattles across the second LP from Washington, D.C. rock iconoclasts Priests: Entering their eighth year as a band, Priests—drummer Daniele Daniele, vocalist Katie Alice Greer, and guitarist G.L. Jaguar—remain an inspired anomaly in modern music. A band on its own label—jolting the greater music world with early releases by Downtown Boys, Snail Mail, Sneaks, and Gauche—they are living proof that it is still possible to work on one’s own terms, to collectively cultivate one’s own world. Priests enlisted two primary collaborators in writing, arranging, and recording The Seduction of Kansas. After playing cello, mellotron, and lap steel on Nothing Feels Natural, multi-instrumentalist Janel Leppin (Mellow Diamond, Marissa Nadler) returned to breathe air into Priests’ demos, serving as primary bassist and a fourth songwriting collaborator on The Seduction of Kansas. The band also found a kindred spirit in producer John Congleton (Angel Olsen, St. Vincent), recording for two weeks at his Elmwood Studio in Dallas. It marked the band’s first time opening up their creative work to collaborate with someone outside of their DC-based community—a decidedly less hermetic approach. Priests found a third collaborator in bassist Alexandra Tyson, who has also joined the touring band. The songwriting process found the group once again analyzing the textures and scopes of albums as aggressive as they are introspective, like Massive Attack’s Mezzanine, Portishead’s Third, and Nine Inch Nails’ Downward Spiral. The first single, \"The Seduction of Kansas,\" is Priests’ purest pop song to date. It is dark and glittering—though there is still something fantastically off about it, decadent and uneasy at once. As journalist Thomas Frank explored in 2004’s What’s the Matter With Kansas?, the ideological sway of Kansas has often predicted the direction in which the U.S. will move—whether leaning socialist in the 1800s or going staunchly conservative in the 1980s. Illustrating Kansas’ potent place in our national imagination—as well as “a chorus of whoever is trying to persuade the social consciousness of Kansas”—Greer sings brilliantly of a “bloodthirsty cherub choir” in a cornfield, of “a drawn out charismatic parody of what a country through it used to be,” beckoning that “I’m the one who loves you.” The song does what Priests do best: They make us think, stir us with complexity. As for \"seduction,\" the word has long evoked pleasure, sex—but it can become propaganda, a tactic of manipulation, a ploy in the politics of persuasion. “There’s something sinister about the idea of seducing a whole state,” says drummer Daniele Daniele. “You’re clearly up to something. Why would you do it?” The title—like Priests—is a moving target, probing questions about the realities and mythologies of America in 2019 without giving in to easy answers.\nJesus' Son\nYoutube Sartre\nI'm Clean\nGood Time Charlie\nNot Perceived\nMore from Priests\nNothing Feels Natural","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1540767"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6113001704216003,"wiki_prob":0.38869982957839966,"text":"IMF To Help St. Kitts – Nevis With National Debt Reduction\nLabour Party Led Government Struggles With Debt\nBasseterre, St. Kitts – Nevis\nJune 03, 2011 (CUOPM)\nThe head of an International Monetary Fund (IMF) mission to St. Kitts and Nevis, Alfred Schipke, Friday announced that the St. Kitts and Nevis authorities and the IMF have reached a broad agreement on the key elements of an economic program that the IMF could support with a Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) in an amount equivalent to SDR 52.3 million (about US$84 million) over 36 months.\nIn a statement the IMF’s Executive Board could consider St. Kitts and Nevis’s SBA at the end of July, following review by IMF management.\n“St. Kitts and Nevis is taking decisive action to address the legacy of the most severe recession in the country’s history. Declines in tourism revenue and foreign direct investment-related construction triggered a sharp contraction in economic activity, deterioration in the fiscal position, and a significant increase in public debt levels. In 2011, the current account deficit is expected to widen due to the dual impact of a nascent economic recovery and an increase in food and fuel prices. Moreover, financing needs are increasing as a result of large imminent debt servicing obligations. Since the latter half of 2010, the authorities have begun implementing measures to help reverse the decline in revenue and reduce the fiscal deficit, including the introduction of a value added tax (VAT), an increase in electricity tariffs, and prioritization of capital expenditures,” said the statement.\nIt said that the main goal of the government’s economic strategy is to foster macroeconomic stability and put the public debt on a firmly declining path, which is expected to contribute to higher economic growth and improved living standards for all members of the society.\n“In addition to strong fiscal measures already adopted by the government, the program would include a comprehensive debt restructuring to achieve a sustainable debt service profile and ensure fair burden sharing by all stakeholders. In addition, the government intends to implement a number of complementary measures to strengthen public financial management; improve the collection of revenue at the Customs and Inland Revenue departments; and develop a debt-management strategy to reduce the debt-to-GDP ratio over the coming years,” said the statement.\n“At the same time, the program will maintain social safety net spending to protect the most vulnerable, in particular programs for school meals, uniforms and text books. In addition, the government plans to establish a register of beneficiaries that would help to better target social assistance, and many basic commodities will continue to be exempt from the VAT.”The program””on which staff level agreement was reached””is also expected to catalyze additional financing from other international institutions. Given the broad-based nature of the reform agenda, the support of other development partners over the medium term is essential to the success of the government’s program, including through the provision of technical assistance in priority areas.”\nSt. Kitts and Nevis, which became a member of the IMF on August 15, 1984, has a current IMF quota of SDR 8.9 million (about US$14.2 million).\nCategories Nevis Investments, Nevis News Tags Economy, IMF, Nevis Debt Post navigation\nNAGICO To Show Appreciation Customers In St. Kitts – Nevis\nNevis Premier Declares Child Month 2011 Open","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line193988"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8503929972648621,"wiki_prob":0.8503929972648621,"text":"Victor Jollos (1887-1941)\nVictor Jollos studied fruit flies and microorganisms in Europe and the US, and he introduced the concept of Dauermodifikationen in the early 1900s. The concept of Dauermodifikationen refers to environmentally-induced traits that are heritable for only a limited number of generations. Some scientists interpreted the results of Jollos's work on Paramecium and Drosophila as\nBerthold Karl Hölldobler (1936– )\nBerthold Karl Hölldobler studied social insects like ants in Europe and the US during the twentieth and early twenty-first century. He focused on the social behavior of ants, the evolutionary origins of social insects, and the way ants use chemicals to communicate with each other. Hölldobler’s research reached popular audiences through his co-authored Pulitzer Prize winning book The Ants and through an award winning nature documentary called Ameisen: Die heimliche Weltmacht (Ants: Nature’s Secret Power).\nJohannes Holtfreter (1901-1992)\nJohannes Holtfreter made important discoveries about the properties of the organizer discovered by Hans Spemann. Although he spent much time away from the lab over many years, he was a productive researcher. His colleagues noted that the time he spent away helped revitalize his ideas. He is credited with the development of a balanced salt medium to allow embryos to develop; the discovery that dead organizer tissue retains inductive abilities; and the development of specification, competence, and distribution of fate maps in the developing frog embryo.\nGirolamo Fabrici (1537-1619)\nGirolamo Fabrici, known as Hieronymus Fabricius in Latin, was given the surname Aquapendente from the city where he was born, near Orvieto, Italy. Born in 1533, Fabrici was the eldest son of a respected noble family, whose coat of arms appears as an illustration in the title page of Fabrici's book on embryology, De formato foetu. Little is known of Fabrici's parents. His father is recorded as Fabricio, and Fabrici is said to have been named for his paternal grandfather.\nStanley Cohen (1922- )\nStanley Cohen is a biochemist who participated in the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). He shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini for their work on the discovery of growth factors. His work led to the discovery of many other growth factors and their roles in development.\nMarcello Malpighi (1646-1694)\nMarcello Malpighi studied chick embryos with microscopes in Italy during the seventeenth century. Trained as a medical doctor, he was among the first scientists to use the microscope to examine embryos at very early stages. Malpighi described early structures in chick embryos, and later scientists used his descriptions to help develop the theory of preformationism.\nAndreas Vesalius (1514–1564)\nAndreas Vesalius, also called Andries van Wesel, studied anatomy during the sixteenth century in Europe. Throughout his career, Vesalius thoroughly dissected numerous human cadavers, and took detailed notes and drawings of his research. Compiling his research, Vesalius published an anatomy work titled De humani corporis fabrica libri septem (On the fabric of the human body in seven books). The Fabrica included illustrations of dissected men, women, and uteruses with intact fetuses.\nPaul Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939)\nPaul Eugen Bleuler studied autism and schizophrenia, among other psychiatric disorders, throughout continental Europe in the early twentieth century. Bleuler worked as a psychiatrist caring for patients with psychiatric disorders at a variety of facilities in Europe. In 1908, Bleuler coined the term schizophrenia to describe a group of diseases that cause changes in thought processes and behavior in humans as well as difficulties relating to the world.\nAdolf Ziegler\nThe scientific field of embryology experienced great growth in scope and direction in Germany from approximately 1850 to 1920. During this time, Adolf Ziegler and his son Friedrich crafted hundreds of wax embryo models, representing a shift in how embryos were viewed and used. Their final products, whether human or trout embryos, showcased the now lost collaboration between wax modeling artists and embryologists.\nJohn von Neumann (1903-1957)\nJohn von Neumann was a Hungarian mathematician who made important contributions to mathematics, physics, computer science, and the area of artificial life. He was born in Budapest, Hungary, on 28 December 1903. His mother was Margit von Neumann and his father was Max von Neumann. His work on artificial life focused on the problem of the self-reproduction of machines. Von Neumann initially discussed self-reproducing machines in his Hixon Symposium paper \"The General and Logical Theory of Automata\" published in 1948.\nEdwin Grant Conklin (1863-1952)\nEdwin Grant Conklin was born in Waldo, Ohio, on 24 November 1863 to parents Nancy Maria Hull and Dr. Abram V. Conklin. Conklin's family was very religious and he seriously considered a theistic path before choosing a career in academics. Conklin's scientific work was primarily in the areas of embryology, cytology, and morphology, though many questions regarding the relationships between science, society, and philosophy had an influence on both his writings and academic lectures.\nMicroSort\n\"MicroSort, developed in 1990 by the Genetics and IVF Institute, is a form of pre-conception sex selection technology for humans. Laboratories located around the world use MicroSort technology to help couples increase their chances of conceiving a child of their desired sex. MicroSort separates male sperm cells based on which sex chromosome they contain, which results in separated semen samples that contain a higher percentage of sperm cells that carry the same sex chromosome.\nThesis: Dismantling Legal Constraints to Contraception in the 1900s\nIn the late nineteenth century, the Comstock Act of 1873 made the distribution of contraception illegal and classified contraception as an obscenity. Reflecting the predominant attitude towards contraception at the time, the Comstock Act was the first federal anti-obscenity law that targeted contraception. However, social acceptance of birth control changed at the turn of the twentieth century. In this thesis, I analyzed legislation, advocates, and literature pertinent to that social change to report on the events leading up to the decriminalization of contraception.\nSubject: People, Legal, Reproduction\nJan Evangelista Purkyne (1787-1869)\nJan Evangelista Purkyne, also called Johannes or Johann Evangelist Purkinje, studied cells in the cerebellum, fibers of the heart, subjective visual phenomenon, and germinal vesicle, in eastern Europe during the early nineteenth century. His investigations provided insights into various mechanisms and structures of the human body. Purkyne introduced techniques for decalcification of bones and teeth, embedding of tissue specimens, and eye examinations.\nEdgar Allen (1892–1943)\nEdgar Allen identified and outlined the role of female sex hormones and discovered estrogen in the early 1900s in the US. In 1923, Allen, through his research with mice, isolated the primary ovarian hormone, later renamed estrogen, from ovarian follicles and tested its effect through injections in the uterine tissues of mice. Allen’s work on estrogen, enabled researchers to further study hormones and the endocrine system.\nRobert William Briggs (1911-1983)\nRobert William Briggs was a prolific developmental biologist. However, he is most identified with the first successful cloning of a frog by nuclear transplantation. His later studies focused on the problem of how genes influence development.\nJerold Lucey (1926– )\nJerold Lucey studied newborn infants in the United States in the twentieth century. In the 1960s and 1970s, Lucey studied phototherapy as a treatment for jaundice, a condition in infants whose livers cannot excrete broken down red blood cells, called bilirubin, into the bloodstream at a fast enough rate. In addition to his work in jaundice, Lucey was the editor in chief for the journal Pediatrics of the American Academy of Pediatrics.\nDizhou Tong (1902-1979)\nDizhou Tong, also called Ti Chou Tung, studied marine animals and helped introduce and organize experimental embryology in China during the twentieth century. He introduced cellular nuclear transfer technology to the Chinese biological community, developed methods to clone organisms from many marine species, and investigated the role of cytoplasm in early development. Tong's administrative and scientific leadership in the fields of marine, cellular, and developmental biology contributed to China's experimental embryology research programs.\nWeber v. Stony Brook Hospital (1983)\nThe New York Court of Appeals' 1983 case Weber v. Stony Brook set an important precedent upholding the right of parents to make medical decisions for newborns born with severe congenital defects. A pro-life New York attorney, Lawrence Washburn, attempted to legally intervene in the case of Baby Jane Doe, an infant born with disorders. When the infant's parents chose palliative care over intensive corrective surgery, Washburn made repeated attempts to have the New York courts force through the surgery.\nSubject: Legal, Reproduction\nThe Mechanistic Conception of Life (1912), by Jacques Loeb\nJacques Loeb published The Mechanistic Conception of Life in 1912. Loeb's goal for the book was to further disseminate his explanations of organic processes, such as embryonic development and organisms orientations to their environments, which relied on physics and chemistry. Loeb also wanted to provide an alternative explanatory framework to vitalism and what he called romantic evolutionism, then both widespread.\n\"Further Experiments on Artificial Parthenogenesis and the Nature of the Process of Fertilization\" (1900), by Jacques Loeb\nJacques Loeb broadened and corrected his earlier claims concerning artificial parthenogenesis in sea urchins in a series of experiments in 1900. He published these findings, \"Further Experiments on Artificial Parthenogenesis and the Nature of The Process of Fertilization,\" in a 1900 issue of The American Journal of Physiology.\nElizabeth Maplesden Ramsey (1906-1993)\nPhysician and pathologist Elizabeth Maplesden Ramsey was a member of the Carnegie Institution of Washington (CIW) for thirty-nine years. The affiliation began in 1934, when Ramsey discovered what was assumed to be the youngest-known embryo at the time, and donated it to CIW's massive embryo collection. After studying embryos, Ramsey focused her research on placental circulation in primates.\nWarren Harmon Lewis (1870-1964)\nAs one of the first to work at the Carnegie Institution of Washington Department of Embryology, Warren Harmon Lewis made a number of contributions to the field of embryology. In addition to his experimental discoveries on muscle development and the eye, Lewis also published and revised numerous works of scientific literature, including papers in the Carnegie Contributions to Embryology and five editions of Gray's Anatomy.\nJulia Bell (1879-1979)\nJulia Bell worked in twentieth-century Britain, discovered Fragile X Syndrome, and helped find heritable elements of other developmental and genetic disorders. Bell also wrote much of the five volume Treasury of Human Inheritance, a collection about genetics and genetic disorders. Bell researched until late in life, authoring an original research article on the effects of the rubella virus of fetal development (Congenital Rubella Syndrome) at the age of 80.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1294594"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7329259514808655,"wiki_prob":0.7329259514808655,"text":"CultureTop StoriesUncategorized\nA Fourth Wave Emerges: the Future is Feminist\nEmma Dewey March 27, 2017\nThis March marks the 30th anniversary of Women’s History Month and nearly 45 years since the passing of Title IX. As we celebrate the victories of past feminist movements, we also celebrate the progress made within the movement itself.\nWhile feminist thought existed in the Western world prior to the 19th century, the first organized push for women’s rights was the suffragette movement, hallmarked by the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention and extending to the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1917. Growing from the abolition and temperance movements, the fight for women’s suffrage was the result of white women awakening to the tragic irony of agitating for liberty and peace for others while it was still denied to them.\nThis first wave of feminists not only won women the right to vote, but the right to own property and be economically independent. Central to first wave feminism was being recognized as autonomous citizens, which meant destructing legal institutions that defined women as little more than minors.\nCredit: Emma Dewey / M-A Chronicle.\nSecond wave feminism, which grew out of the anti-war and civil rights movements of the 1960s, focused on challenging traditional norms of femininity, like the constructs of marriage and housewifery. The rejection of traditional femininity branded feminists with the stereotypes that persist today of angry, bra-burning, hairy misandrists.\nFor Alanna Jaworski, a tenth grade English teacher here at M-A, some of her earliest exposures to feminism were the stories of female role models in her life that were part of this rejection of traditional femininity. Growing up in a small town in western Pennsylvania, one of Jaworski’s own high school English teachers told stories of how she was “one of the first women [teachers at the school] to wear pants… [and] she was one of the first women to work when she was pregnant and come back to work.”\nThe fact that women wearing pants to work was once considered a radical act exemplifies the success of second wave feminists in fundamentally changing the way we think about gender and misogyny in society. They uprooted roles and stereotypes, and shed light on America’s glaring gender inequality.\nSecond wave feminism also built long-lasting, national networks and institutions of support for women. They established women’s buildings and shelters for victims of domestic abuse, made reproductive healthcare a right, created new academic fields of women’s studies or gender and sexuality studies, and shifted national discourse to include women’s equality as a real issue. Victories like Title IX, Roe v. Wade, and the Equal Pay Act all secured the rights of generations of women to come.\nJaworski was among the generation that first began to benefit from the establishment of feminist thought in academia. In college, she studied English education and was able to take courses built around female writers, that introduced her to both the tenets and complexities of feminism. “In college I learned too that it’s not just that women can be feminists, men can be feminists; that it’s this idea of treating everyone equally,” Jaworski explained, “Works like the ‘Feminist Manifesto’ and female writers… exposed [me] to different types of writing and different ideas of what women can do, and be, and think.”\nThe establishment of feminist academia is self-perpetuating, and now Jaworski is able to teach her high school students these same topics she learned in college. “As a teacher, I can include works from women in my classes, and I can create units of study like I did with an honors class last year — we looked at feminist poetry, we looked at gender roles in the media and throughout print advertisements and television advertisements,” she added.\nDespite the significant achievements of the movement, for many, second wave feminism was also highly exclusionary. Like the first wave of suffragettes, feminism in the 1960s and 70s was primarily the awakening of middle to upper-class white women. Working class women and women of color were already excluded from norms of domestic femininity by definition of their social status. The emerging Marxist ideology that women were an oppressed class was not news to these women; as members of the working class or racial minorities, their oppression had always been very tangible in their lives, and organizing for labor rights, racial justice, and decolonization existed well before the advent of “The Feminine Mystique.”\nThis is not to say that the oppression of white women is invalid, but that second wave feminism often attempted to sell a false message of universal womanhood, that washed over the uniqueness of each woman’s oppression. In reality, experiences of womanhood depend on a variety of factors such as race, socioeconomic status, sexuality, and environment.\nThe discord between what well-to-do white women and more marginalized groups envisioned for feminism meant that concurrent to mainstream feminism emerged more radical movements, such as womanism or Xicanisma, both approaches designed to specifically address the complex oppressions of black women and Chicana women, respectively.\nYet many of that era considered even white feminism to be radical — for some, too radical. By the late 1970s, a “backlash” movement had emerged, beginning with the failure to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment, extending through the election of Ronald Reagan and the growth of the New Right, and reinforced by media narratives in the 1980s that proclaimed a post-feminist society and death of the movement.\nThe growth of a third wave in the 1990s, however, proved these narratives wrong. Counterculture movements of this era rejected labels and pushed the boundaries of social norms. Rising from the punk scene of the Pacific Northwest was the Riot Grrrl movement, which pushed back on the male dominated music industry and created an underground network of young women that circulated zines focused on validating women’s experiences and confronting taboo, gender-specific issues. Zines became a forum not just for discussing sexism, but other forms of oppression like racism and fatphobia.\nConcurrent to zine production was the performance aspect of Riot Grrrls and other female musicians. Young women of the time, from the punk grrrl bands like Bikini Kill and Hole, to hip hop queens like Missy Elliott and Lil’ Kim, to pop sensations like the Spice Girls and Destiny’s Child, both reclaimed and redefined what femininity was. High heels, red lipstick, and push-up bras — symbols of the traditional femininity the previous generation of feminists had so vehemently rejected as agents of the patriarchy — became choices a woman could make about her identity and sexuality. Words like “slut” and “bitch” were reclaimed to empower and highlight double standards. Simultaneously, these artists were creating their own images of girl power that dominated pop culture and left a legacy of female role models for their generation.\nWhile many of this era were reluctant to accept the label feminist — and many second wave feminists were reluctant to grant them it — the third wave was ultimately feminist in its call for every woman to be able to define her own life for herself. They expanded feminist thought to include an individualistic approach, where a woman’s personal choices of dress, expression, or lifestyle were not necessarily indicators of her awareness of the movement.\nFor Jaworski, her mother always encouraged her to follow this path of self-definition. “My mom worked the same job for 35 years as a secretary, but I do something different and she’s okay with that,” she explained. “She’s not pressuring me to be the stereotype.”\nThis idea that every woman can define her life for herself as long as it does not reinforce the oppression of others has become more and more central to the feminist movement. What’s most important is autonomy and dignity, the same central principles fought for over a century ago by the first suffragettes.\nTo Jaworski, the success of past eras in embedding self-determination for women in society is evident. “There’s more of an attitude that you can do this and do that; the go-to is not just get married, start a family, have a job,” she remarked. “It’s ‘do you want to be an inventor, do you want to go to this company, do you want to get this degree and take on this career’… I see that more opportunities are out there and people are more encouraging of women to seek those opportunities.”\nBeyond expanding opportunities for women, the idea of feminism itself has shifted. Today, the word feminism has taken on a trendy connotation. From high fashion to chain stores, clothing and accessories can be found emblazoned with slogans of female empowerment; celebrities from Beyoncé to Emma Watson have come out under the banner of ‘feminist.’\nWhile the fact that women’s equality is now palatable to mainstream audiences may mean most people hold a watered down understanding, it is also an incredible marker of progress from second or even third wave eras, when the word ‘feminist’ held a negative connotation in conventional spheres. This change has been notable for Jaworski. “I think it’s really cool that today it’s something that’s talked about; it’s not taboo, it’s something that’s out there,” she commented. “It’s floating on social media, it’s floating in the conversations at school, it’s floating around in classes.”\nSo does this mean we have moved beyond the third wave? Quite possibly. “I think with Facebook and all the different social media platforms, I’m learning more about feminism than ever before,” Jaworski observed.\nHer experience is not a unique one. The advent of the Internet and social media has made feminism and other social justice movements increasingly accessible to much wider audiences, and many contemporary feminists have begun to identify a fourth wave just taking shape, one defined by a generation that has grown up with technology.\nA major benefit of the digital age is how easy it is to share information. Although mainstream media may give a less nuanced perspective of feminism, a simple Google search can quickly lead to more radical ideas. The result of this is that once radical feminist thought, like womanism or Xicanisma, has become increasingly accepted as a pillar rather than a divergence from feminism (although both movements have adopted more radical thinking that continues to push the boundaries of feminism). Today, the preferred term for this sort of thought is ‘intersectionality.’\nCoined in the late 1980s by law professor Kimberlé Crenshaw, the principle of intersectionality is that the various facets of a person’s identity can combine to create multiple layers of injustice. The need to acknowledge this principle is what drove black women to create womanism, and Chicanas Xicanisma. Although contemporary feminism still fails to address this idea at times, intersectionality is now undeniably an indispensable piece of feminist theory, commonplace in mainstream circles (for example, the Women’s March — although many felt the march still fell short in this respect despite the explicitly intersectional platform.)\nWith the popularity of intersectionality, perhaps this nebulous, budding fourth wave finally has the words to define the idea that feminists before us struggled to articulate or understand: that the fight for women’s liberation is tied up with every other struggle against injustice in the world, and that each movement could not and cannot exist without the others.\nPerhaps, then, the most important benefit of social media to the fourth wave is that it allows us to link together social justice movements across the nation and globe, be it against police brutality, colonialism, environmental injustice, homophobia and transphobia, or gender inequality. Social media creates truly leaderless movements with strong collective voices focused on a message rather than a face. There are no Susan B. Anthonys or Betty Friedans or Gloria Steinems of today. Instead, we have #YesAllWomen, and #NoDAPL, and #SayHerName, and #BlackLivesMatter, and #ShePersisted.\nThe true democracy of social media elevates the voices of the regular people, allowing those like Jaworski’s mother or high school English teacher, who were role models for her, to reach those beyond their geographic community. Sharing knowledge and experiences mobilizes people to take action in their daily lives, and for Jaworski, this is what’s most significant: “What I think is important is the everyday woman, who does not come up in the news, or the history books, or the ones that are on female empowerment posters… the everyday woman that stands up for herself, and explains to people what’s a better way to interact with a woman, what’s a better way to treat a woman.”\nUltimately, we are all the everyday woman. We all have the power to be role models and make change through our daily interactions with the people around us, and we are what will fuel the movement.\nWhen asked about how feminism has changed through her lifetime, Jaworski reflected, “I would say there’s this scope, there’s this vision over the horizon that is more – endless.”\nAs the fourth wave swells and solidifies, we look forward to perhaps a not-so-distant future where the everyday woman is feminist, and she is heard, and she is valued, and her horizon is endless.\nCulture Top Stories Uncategorized No Comments\nEmma Dewey\nEmma Dewey is a senior in her second year on the Chronicle staff and her first year as an editor. She enjoys working with other writers to make the Chronicle the best it can be. She is most interested in using journalism to connect with her community and affect social change.\nPrevious PostDrake's “More Life” Lays Platforms for New Wave of Hip Hop\nNext PostSenior Superlatives Lack M-A's Diversity\nCultureNewsTop StoriesWinter\nEmily BuckJanuary 14, 2022\nBy The NumbersCommunityCOVID-19NewsTop Stories\nElla Bohmann FarrellJanuary 9, 2022\nCommunityCOVID-19EditorialsTop Stories\nThe Editorial BoardJanuary 6, 2022","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1750576"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8783133029937744,"wiki_prob":0.8783133029937744,"text":"Tag Archives: Umar Garba Danbatta\nNCC’s Danbatta to receive Zik Prize award\nDecember 2, 2020 NewsInternational Telecommunication Union, NCC, Nigerian Communications Commission, Public Policy Research & Analysis Centre, Umar Garba DanbattaGary\nUmar Garba Danbatta, executive vice-chairman and CEO of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC), is to be honoured with the prestigious Zik Prize Professional Leadership award in Lagos.\nUmar Garba Danbatta\nThe award ceremony will take place on December 6 at the Civic Centre, Victoria Island, Lagos and will be presented by the Public Policy Research & Analysis Centre.\nDanbatta and other prominent personalities were selected for their contributions to national development. According to the organisers, he has led the charge to drive Nigeria’s industrial revolution and knowledge-based economy leveraging telecommunications.\n“Telecommunications’ contribution to the gross domestic productof Nigeria has grown by 70% from 2015 to 2020, while broadband penetration has increased significantly to over 45%,” said the organisers.\n“Danbatta’s leadership has enhanced transparency and innovation in the sector, such that recently NCC was acknowledged by the International Telecommunication Union as one of Africa’s foremost regulators.\n“The NCC boss has transformed the commission into a regulator of global acclaim and the establishment and implementation of the NCC’s auspicious strategic Eight-Point Agenda under Danbatta has given the direction to the activities of the commission.”\nThis year’s event also coincides with the 25th anniversary of the Zik Prize series, which will be chaired by Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka, while the Obi of Onitsha, Igwe Alfred Nnaemeka Achebe, will function as the royal father of the day.\nThe organisers also noted that the sector’s improved contribution to GDP, as well as improvements in quality of service delivery, broadband infrastructural development, broadband penetration, effective spectrum utilisation, consumer empowerment and technology innovation have been phenomenal under Danbatta’s leadership.\ntagged in: International Telecommunication Union, NCC, Nigerian Communications Commission, Public Policy Research & Analysis Centre, Umar Garba Danbatta\nDanbatta, NCC honoured at NTITA\nNovember 12, 2020 NewsNigeria Tech Innovation & Telecoms Awards, Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba DanbattaJohn Winfield\nUmar Garba Danbatta, executive vice-chairman and CEO of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC), has been awarded the Broadband Oxygenator of the Year award.\nReceiving the honour as part of the Nigeria Tech Innovation & Telecoms Awards (NTITA) in Abuja, Danbatta was recognised for his commitment to the development of Nigeria’s broadband infrastructure to support the country’s digital economy drive.\nIn addition, the NCC received the Outstanding Contribution to Driving Greater Broadband Penetration award, while other industry stakeholders, including the minister of communications and digital economy Isa Ali Ibrahim Pantami, received other awards.\nNCC and Danbatta’s awards come after the telecoms sector’s contribution to Nigeria’s GDP increased from 8.5% in 2015 to 14.3% as of the second quarter of 2020, translating to N2.272 trillion (US$5.9bn) in financial value.\nOlusola Teniola, president of Association of Telecoms Companies of Nigeria, one of the organisations behind the NTITA, said: “Our thinking is that if we decide to ignore the contribution that our sector has made to the development of Nigeria by not recognising the actors that made it possible, what we are saying invariably is that we are unappreciative of their concerted efforts in changing the story of our industry.”\nTeniola added that he hoped the awards would spur the Nigerian government to pay more attention to the sector and encourage state governments to continue to support the efforts of the industry to transform their various states into digital cities.\ntagged in: Nigeria Tech Innovation & Telecoms Awards, Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba Danbatta\nNCC boss receives award\nSeptember 15, 2020 NewsNigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba DanbattaJohn Winfield\nUmar Garba Danbatta, the executive vice-chairman and CEO of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC), has been awarded a National Service Excellence Award.\nUmar Danbatta\nNational Association of State Assembly Legislators (NASAL) honoured Danbatta with the award in recognition of his transformational leadership in deepening access to telecommunications services across Nigeria in the last five years.\nNASAL director general Uchechukwu Chukwuma, who led a five-member delegation to the commission to present the award in Abuja, said the award also recognised Danbatta’s role as a change agent, a catalyst for national development and a great Nigerian patriot.\n“Danbatta’s efforts have manifested in enhanced access to the internet by our people, which has given them the opportunity to participate and ventilate their views constructively,” Chukwuma said.\n“As you know, citizens’ participation in political activities is one of the attributes of an ideal democracy, and Professor Danbatta has helped to promote this ideal.\n“The NASAL’s award to Danbatta is justified by the statistics from the commission, which showed that when Danbatta came on board five years ago, 217 access gap clusters were identified in the country, with 40 million Nigerians excluded from access to telecoms services. Five years after, however, the access gaps have reduced to 114 clusters, with additional 15 million Nigerians now connected.”\nNCC director of public affairs Ikechukwu Adinde, who accepted the award on behalf of Danbatta, said: “It is heartwarming that NASAL has found our EVC and CEO deserving of this award. The award is an acknowledgement that his accomplishments have not gone unnoticed. We at the NCC value this gesture, which writes the history of Professor Danbatta’s achievements in a very distinctive and enduring way.\n“From the recent industry statistics and other relevant macro indicators, the telecoms sector, under Danbatta, has recorded positive growth in terms of active voice subscriptions, internet subscriptions, teledensity, broadband penetration and contribution to the gross domestic product.”\ntagged in: Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba Danbatta\nSenate set to confirm regulator’s job\nJuly 23, 2020 NewsMuhammadu Buhari, Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba DanbattaGary\nThe Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC)’s Umar Garba Danbatta is waiting for the Senate to confirm his reappointment as chief telecoms regulator for another five years.\nDanbatta, executive vice chairman and CEO of the NCC, whose record was discussed recently during a Senate screening committee meeting, was applauded for his performance and leadership, which has helped accelerate the growth of the telecoms sector.\nNigerian president Muhammadu Buhari announced his intention to reappoint Danbatta last month, pending confirmation by the Senate.\nAccording to committee member Ibrahim Oloriegbe, the screening and confirmation exercise is in accordance with the Nigerian Communications Commission Act (NCA) 2003.\nDanbatta said the implementation of NCC’s strategic eight-point agenda, which he put in place when he assumed office in 2015, provided the basis for most of the commission’s achievements.\nHe thanked the lawmakers for their support and pledged his renewed commitment to further accelerate the growth of the telecoms industry as the key driver of the country’s digital economy vision over the next five years.\n“As a commission, we are committed to challenging our current achievements. Consequently, we are poised to work more with the National Assembly and other necessary stakeholders in order to ensure we take Mr President’s digital agenda for the country to the next level in the next five years,” he said.\ntagged in: Muhammadu Buhari, Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba Danbatta\nNCC set for mobile 5G trial\nSeptember 27, 2019 NewsInternational Telecommunication Union, Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba DanbattaGary\nThe Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has revealed it is ready to roll out fifth-generation (5G) mobile broadband licensing.\nUmar Garba Danbatta, executive vice chairman of the NCC, told the International Telecommunication Union’s Telecom World event in Budapest, Hungary, that the 26, 38 and 42GHz spectrum frequencies have been reserved for 5G.\n“We are waiting in anticipation for the standardisation process to be completed at the World Radio Communication in Egypt and then we can see how we can go forward with licensing process in the three frequencies,” he said.\n“The other important step that African countries are taking is to address new forms of social anxiety occasioned by this emerging technology, 5G. There’s also the regulatory anxiety. Therefore, to do that, because of the practice we had in the past, every service we deploy is normally preceded by proof-of-concept trials. And 5G is not an exception.\n“This is ongoing in Nigeria. The steps we are taking during the trials will involve the security agencies, who have a say on the security dimension of this new technology when it’s eventually rolled out. So we want to ensure they are fully involved.”\nThe NCC boss said the 5G roll-out will enhance broadband mobile services in various countries as well as address the anxiety of citizens by giving information about this important new technology.\n“Whether all African countries will be ready by 2020 for the roll-out of commercial 5G services is something I cannot answer immediately, but I know our state of readiness is such that spectrum is being reserved in many countries and many are also doing trials. Nigeria is getting ready to do this trial.\n“In Nigeria, we have divided the country into seven zones, and each has been assigned an infrastructure company to deploy broadband infrastructure.”\ntagged in: International Telecommunication Union, Nigerian Communications Commission, Umar Garba Danbatta","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line904879"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6370574831962585,"wiki_prob":0.6370574831962585,"text":"Woody Harrelson Plastic Surgery Before and After\nWoody Harrelson was born on July 23, 1961 in Midland, Texas, USA. He made his television debut in the comedy series Cheers and soon became known for his portrayal of Woody Boyd on the said show from 1985 to 1993. While a regular cast in Cheers, he simultaneously appeared in the movies Wildcats, Doc Hollywood, White Men Can’t Jump, and Indecent Proposal. Critical acclaim soon followed after being nominated for an Oscar for his lead role in the 1996 film The People vs. Larry Flynt.\nThe rest of the decade saw him star in several other films like Welcome to Sarajevo, The Thin Red Line, and The Hi-Lo Country. From 2001 to 2002, he played a recurring role in the sitcom Will & Grace. In the 2000s, he starred in several prominent films, including After the Sunset, No Country for Old Men, and Battle in Seattle before gaining critical praise for his performance in 2009’s The Messenger, earning him an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor. In the 2010s, he’s best known for his role in The Hunger Games films and on the television series True Detective.\nHas Woody Harrelson had Plastic Surgery?\n54-year-old Woody Harrelson has been in the Hollywood business long enough acting is basically a sport to him. Unlike other actors who certainly used their pretty faces to achieve stardom in the industry, Harrelson mainly used his natural flair for acting, bringing him a different kind of charisma, which he used to stay ahead of the game. But now that he’s in his 50s, could the veteran actor consider going under the knife to reduce years on his actual age? One thing’s for sure though, he’s not bothered by his receding hairline.\nIf the actor is all about vanity, he wouldn’t want to wait to undergo some sort of hair transplant to solve his apparent hair loss. But, of course, he’s one of those actors that focus on his acting rather than his appearance. With regards to his face, plastic surgeon Dr. Nassif said he could have a conservative facial fillers at some point to explain his face’s shiny look, but that’s it. Harrelson definitely hasn’t had any plastic surgery, though there’s still a possibility that he’s tried minor cosmetic enhancements before, or will consider having some in the near future.\nReba McEntire Plastic Surgery Before and After\nDanielle Fishel Plastic Surgery Before and After\nRachel Hunter Plastic Surgery Before and After\nKimberly Stewart Plastic Surgery Before And After\nJacqueline Fernandez Plastic Surgery Before and After\nMarisol Nichols Plastic Surgery Before and After\nTiffani Thiessen Plastic Surgery Before and After\nVanessa Ferlito Plastic Surgery Before and After\nChristina Hendricks Plastic Surgery Before and After\nJessica White Plastic Surgery Before and After\nNecar Zadegan Plastic Surgery Before and After\nTara Reid Plastic Surgery Before and After\n« Teresa Palmer Plastic Surgery Before and After\nAbigail Breslin Plastic Surgery Before and After »","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line421035"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5280361175537109,"wiki_prob":0.47196388244628906,"text":"From homeschool to teachers\nWhat can we pass on to the next generation? (Photo by Wikimedia)\nBy Victoria George\nStudents Sarah Comeau and Elisabeth Beverage are ending their time at Fitchburg State to become educators. Both are hard working teachers who are ready to hit the ground running in their fields, but unlike some of their fellow education majors, they have been asked the same question over and over again; “Why did a homeschooler want to become a teacher?”\nBoth have claimed that they have been asked this more than once and they say that though it may have been a bit of a culture shock, they have plenty to offer their students.\nBeverage, a member of the class of 2015 from Lawrence MA, said, “I received a quality education at my own pace from my parents. Not every parent can home-school their child so I hope I can pay that forward somehow.” She claims that she knew early that she was going to work with kids, “I saw the disenfranchising problems that young students experience that can seep into their futures and I want to make a safe place in my classroom.”\nAdditionally, Comeau, a student teacher from Ayer MA, said, “I was warned about the culture shock of the public school system.” She says that when she entered college she was prepared for a new experience, even a simple one like being around the same people for five days a week. She as drawn through her love of literature and writing.\nComeau also notes her spirituality as being an influential force in her teaching career. She claims, “I wanted to share God’s love with my students. I can bond with them through English and philosophy and I want to be able to foster their thinking through books. And what they can write.”\nBoth Comeau and Beverage stress that the contact they had with other home-school students and the extracurricular activities that they participated in while growing up were just as enriching for them and could prepare them for the teaching field just as well as their classmates. Beverage was able to enroll in Northern Essex community college at the age of 15 and she knew then that she wanted to be a teacher. She says, “I had the opportunity to volunteer in a kindergarten classroom for almost 4 and a half years and I immediately began to understand a teacher’s side of a classroom.”\n“I always had contact with my peers,” says Comeau, “between speech and debate, having science labs with other students, and being part of a strong church community gave me stronger social skills.”\nThere may be a stereotype that homeschooled students are sheltered, but Comeau thinks that being around peers of diverse ages and backgrounds made her more positive and more polite. These are lessons she wants to impart in the classroom. Comeau thinks she has certain advantages from being homeschooled that she endeavors to bring to a class. She says, “My challenge is knowing that every student needs individualized attention based on needs and seeing that ideal may not be met.”\nBeverage is certain that the program at Fitchburg State prepared her exceptionally well. “I don’t feel like I was deprived of any high school memories. I actually remember what it was like to be a student.”\nBoth Comeau and Beverage know that they have a heart for the young minds in Massachusetts that they are happy to teach and mentor. Comeau confidently states, “I can bring a nuanced and creative perspective to education from being homeschooled.”\nEducation Major\nsonichowling\t• Dec 12, 2014 at 2:34 pm\nMaybe instead of saying “the benefits of being homeschooled” they should say “benefits of a quality education from ____ parents”. The first statement makes the assumption and the point that homeschooling is uniformly awesome, when this is decidedly not the case. Best of luck to both of them though!\nhttps://fitchburgpoint.com/7303/news/homeschooling/#comment-220","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line307220"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7417936325073242,"wiki_prob":0.2582063674926758,"text":"Universiti Xiamen Malaysia\nAMOUNT -\nStudy Level -\nSelect Intrested course Select Intrested course Bachelor in Education Electrical & Electronic Engineering Hons Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in English Language and Literature Bachelor of Arts in Advertising (Honours) Bachelor of Arts in Chinese Studies Honours Bachelor of Arts in Journalism (Honours) Bachelor Of Chemical Engineering Hons Bachelor of Economics in Finance Honours Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Technology Bachelor of Engineering in Digital Media Technology Bachelor of Engineering in New Energy Science and Engineering (Honours) Bachelor of Engineering in Software Engineering Bachelor of Management in Accounting Honours Bachelor of Management in International Business Honours Bachelor of Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine Honours Bachelor of Science in Marine Biotechnology (Honours) Bachelor of Science in Marine Environmental Chemistry Bachelor of Science in Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Bachelor of Science in Physics Doctor of Philosophy (Chemical Engineering) Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics Doctor of Philosophy in New Energy Science and Engineering Foundation in Arts Foundation in Science Master in New Energy Science and Engineering Master of Arts in Chinese Studies Master of Business Administration Master of Science (MSc) Chemical Engineering Master of Science in Mathematics and Applied Mathematics\nNewcastle University Medicine Malaysia\nUniversity Of Nottingham Malaysia UNM\nUniversity Of Southampton Malaysia Campus USMC","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line807936"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5346003174781799,"wiki_prob":0.46539968252182007,"text":"for Lace Wigscheap Wigs 69311\nJohn and Jane, a young married couple of 2 years with no pre existing or existing medical conditions, apply for healthcare coverage and are quoted between $800 and $1200 month by several different providers for family coverage for a standard 80/20 plan. That translates to between $9,600 to $14,400 a year in annual premiums for an 80/20 plan. Notably, $14,400 represents nearly 70% of the total income of a person making a wage of $10.00 per hour. <br><br>[https://www.humanhairwigsdeals.com cheap wigs] Rush Orders are per vendor: If your RUSH order contains items from more than one wig brand, we will typically rush one brand for you. The other item(s) will come standard in about a week. The logic is that this keeps you covered until the rest of your order arrives. It is what long hair dreams are made of! 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In a book whose key theme is the gulf between orthodox baseball thinking and the new sabermetric influenced system being implemented by Billy Beane, Swisher was notable as one of the few examples of a player who traditional scouts and Beane could agree upon.[7]Swisher made his professional debut with the Vancouver Canadians of the Class A Short Season Northwest League in 2002,[8] before he was promoted to the Visalia Oaks of the Class A Advanced California League.[9] Swisher started the 2003 season with the Modesto A's, Oakland's new California League affiliate, where he batted.296 in 51 games before receiving a promotion to the Midland RockHounds of the Class AA Texas League in June.[10] He batted.230 in 76 games for Midland to finish the season, and then played in the Arizona Fall League for the Mesa Desert Dogs.[11]. lace front wigs<br><br>Lace Wigs Girlfriends/wives/fiances/etc. Will be mad about it wondering how they will ever face the day until they see another bald girl, and another, and another, and they will realize that they are part of some weird overnight bizarre cult fad sensation and they won be mad at all. 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{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.613440752029419,"wiki_prob":0.38655924797058105,"text":"Marianne Faithfull Sings Kurt Weill\nGenre-hopping singer Marianne Faithfull caps off a yearlong concert tour with pianist Paul Trueblood in this 1997 performance dominated by songs from German theatrical composer Kurt Weill's songbook. The set list includes \"Alabama Song,\" \"Pirate Jenny,\" \"Bilbao Song,\" \"Complainte de la Seine,\" \"The Ballad of the Soldier's Wife,\" \"Boulevard of Broken Dreams,\" \"Don't Forget Me,\" \"Surabaya Johnny,\" \"Street Singer's Farewell,\" and \"If Love Were All.\"\nMarianne Faithfull, Paul Trueblood\nMusic & Musicals, Classic Rock, Rock & Pop\nEnglish: Dolby Digital 5.1, English: Dolby Digital 2.0 Stereo","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1098705"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7954071164131165,"wiki_prob":0.7954071164131165,"text":"Archive for the ‘Democracy in Education’ Category\nThe Disappearance of School Boards: Why Did the ‘Sinking Ships’ Capsize in Atlantic Canada?\nPosted in Democracy in Education, Educational Administration, School Advisory Councils, School Boards, tagged Abolishing School Boards, Acclamation Disease, District Education Councils (DECs), Doug Currie, Dr Avis Glaze, Education Restructuring, Gerald Galway, NS Education Reform Act, Provincial Advisory Council on Education (PACE), School Advisory Councils, School Board Consolidation on March 9, 2018| 1 Comment »\nSpeaking to the Nova Scotia School Boards Association in Dartmouth in November 2016, Professor Gerald Galway of Memorial University posed the critical question in the starkest terms. Were Canadian school boards “outworn relics of the past or champions of local democracy?” That storm warning came too late to save the last school boards still standing in Atlantic Canada.. Today regional school boards are on the verge of extinction and what’s left of local school governance is an endangered species all over eastern Canada, west of Quebec.\nThe elimination of elected regional school boards was clearly foreshadowed in a synthesis of national research conducted from 2012-13 for the Canadian School Boards Association (CSBA) and later presented in a most revealing September 2013 article in the Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy. The principal researchers not only rang an alarm bell, but called upon elected board members across Canada to face squarely the choices that lay ahead. One option, they claimed, was “quiet acquiescence to the centralization of educational governance;” the other was “some form of productive opposition to these forced changes.” It was “perhaps preferable,” in their words, “to take action to save a sinking ship than to quietly allow nature to take its course in the hope that it (the existing order) will be spared.”\nElected regional boards have passed away, one province at a time, over the past 20 years. The first province to discard regional school boards was New Brunswick. In February 1996, the Frank McKenna government announced without consultation or any warning that all school boards would be eliminated and elected trustees removed from office, effective March 1, 1996. The gaping hole in local governance was partially corrected in 2001 with the restoration of District Education Councils (DECSs) populated by well-meaning volunteers serving in elected positions. With real authority still centralized at the provincial level, the DECs have faced an uphill battle to gain public support and confidence.\nNext up was Prince Edward Island, when — following a bitter and protracted school closure battle, Minister of Education Doug Currie intervened in January 2011 and fired the entire Eastern District Board, citing the “acrimony among trustees” as his rationale. A single English Language School Board, composed of appointed province-wide trustees, regularly challenged the Education Department’s priorities and questioned its policy directives.. The Wade MacLauchlan government elected in May of 2015 simply absorbed the school board into the Department of Education, Early Learning and Culture and, in September 2016, the Public Schools Branch assumed control of the whole system and English Language school governance was turned over to a three-person Public Schools Branch (PSB) Board, chaired by the Deputy Minister of Education, Susan Willis. The new model failed its first real test in April 2017 when the Premier MacLauchlan was forced to overturn a PSB recommendation to close two Island schools.\nSchool boards in Newfoundland/Labrador, like those in P.E.I., struggled for public legitimacy and become a regular ‘whipping boy’ for concerns about a myriad of educational issues. Regional boards, according to Memorial University’s Gerald Galway, bore “the brunt of public dissatisfaction” for “a long list of sins,” including underfunding of schools, busing regulations, and closing or consolidating schools. Within the space of twenty years, the province managed to radically downsize the local governance system three times, reducing the 27 English school districts to 10 in 1997, down to four in 2004, and then to a single district in 2013. The provincial Newfoundland/Labrador English School Board (NLESB) now has 4 sub-districts and 17 elected trustees representing 252 schools. Much like New Brunswick, this restructuring was executed without any public consultation or public debate.\nNova Scotia’s regional school board system remained essentially unchanged in its structure and organization for over twenty years. The N.S. model was established as a result of structural reforms initiated in 1996 by the Liberal government of Dr. John Savage as a critical piece in their education reform agenda.The Nova Scotia government of Stephen McNeil, acting upon Dr. Avis Glaze’s January 2018 report, abolished the English boards and, in their place, vowed to establish a 15-member Provincial Advisory Council on Education, and enhance the authority of School Advisory Councils across the province.\nSchool boards in Nova Scotia, like those elsewhere, demonstrated some glaring and disguised deficiencies:\nGovernance Philosophy and Practice:\nInformal and flexible governance practices were gradually supplanted, over time, by more formal guidelines and policies, patterned after John Carver’s “policy governance” model, effectively neutering the elected boards. School board members were trained to adopt a corporate governance philosophy that significantly weakened their representative role as the “public voice” in the school system.\nSize and Scale Problem – Too Big to Be Responsive\nSchool district consolidation, from the 1990s onward, has resulted in larger and larger boards where decisions are made further and further away from the schools. One of the early warnings that regional school boards were too big to be effective was issued in 2003 by Queen’s University education professor T.R. Williams: “Given the present size of boards, the traditional concept of an elected part-time trustee who can fully represent the interests of individual constituents is no longer viable. The current elected district boards are simply too large.”\nResistance to School-Level Democratic Accountability\nSchool boards since the mid-1990s, successfully beat back any proposals to significantly restructure Nova Scotia education governance. During the 2006-07 school year, following the firing of two school boards, Charles Cirtwill, then acting president of AIMS, mounted a determined effort to replace existing school boards with “school-based management.” Inspired by the Edmonton Public Schools model and with the support of former Superintendent Angus McBeath, Cirtwill seized the opportunity to rid the province of what were termed “dysfunctional boards” and to devolve more decision-making authority to principals and local school councils. That proposal and other representations fell on deaf ears.\nIntroduction of Strict Board Member Discipline Codes\nFollowing the twin firings of the Halifax Regional School Board and the Strait Regional School Boards in 2006, senior superintendents, with the department’s support, began to enforce stricter “Codes of Conduct” on elected board members and to rein in and effectively muzzle unruly “trustees,” especially during intense periods of school reviews for closure.\nPublic Disengagement and Spread of Acclamation Disease\nElected school boards also suffered from an advanced stage of what might be termed “acclamation disease.” In the October 2012 municipal election, only three of the province’s eight school boards remained democratically healthy, and two of them were cleansed through previous firings. The problem persisted in October 2016 in spite of an NSSBA campaign to encourage more public participation in school board elections.\nInability to Address Declining Student Performance\nSchool boards proved incapable of tackling the problem of lagging student performance. Nova Scotia’s Auditor General Michael Pickup, in his December 2014 review of the Tri-County Regional School Board (TCRSB) based in Yarmouth, NS, found that board oversight did not stand up under close scrutiny. While investigating record low scores on math and literacy tests, Pickup uncovered serious lapses in “management oversight” and found that the board did not “spend appropriate effort on the fundamental role of educating students.”\nFailure to Exercise Effective Oversight over Senior Administration\nThe N.S. Auditor General was most critical of the lack of oversight exercised by the elected boards in their dealings with their one employee, the Superintendent, and his/her senior staff. In the case of the Tri-County Regional School Board he found little or no evidence that the elected board properly evaluated or held accountable its own superintendent. The next AG report in November 2015 confirmed that three other “governing boards” were not effectively performing their oversight function.\nRigid and Inflexible Responses to School Closures and Hub School Renewal Plans\nFrom 2006 onwards, elected school boards occupied the front-lines in successive waves of school consolidation pitting elected members against communities throughout rural and small-town Nova Scotia. A Nova Scotia Hub School movement gave small communities some reason for hope, but the strict admionistrative guidelines made it next-to-impossible for local parent groups to secure approval for innovative proposes to repurpose their community schools. In the case of Chignecto-Central Regional School Board, the superintendent and staff-imposed requirements that thwarted, at every turn, hub school proposals for three elementary schools, River John, Maitland and Wentworth. When the George D. Lewis Hub School Society plan was rejected in 2017 by the Cape Breton Victoria Regional School Board, the parent group called for the resignation of the entire elected school board. Shooting down hub school plans, on top of closing schools, burned bridges and alienated active parents in a half dozen or more communities.\nRegional school boards grew more and more distant and disconnected from local school communities. School boards consolidated and retrenched, and superintendents gradually expanded their authority over not only elected boards, but the whole P-12 school system. The NSSBA and its member boards operated in a peculiar educational bubble. When the decision to dissolve all seven English school boards was announced, it hit the leading members of NSSBA and most regional board chairs like a bolt out of the blue.\nWhat caused the demise of elected school boards in Atlantic Canada? Was it simply a matter of creeping centralization driven by provincial education ministers and senior bureaucrats? How important were school closures in undermining their democratic legitimacy? Why did alternative school-based governance models vesting more responsibility in school councils fail to materialize?\nLocal Education Democracy: What’s Killing Elected School Boards?\nPosted in Democracy in Education, Educational Change, School Boards, School Trustees, tagged Abolish School Boards, Elected School Boards, Local Education Democracy, School Governing Councils, School Trustees, School-Based Governance on October 3, 2016| 13 Comments »\nRegional school boards in Atlantic Canada like the Quebec English language boards are slowly dying of natural causes. The province of New Brunswick abolished elected school boards in March 1996, and they were eventually replaced by greatly weakened elected District Education Councils. More recently, Newfoundland/Labrador and Prince Edward Island (PEI) sacked elected boards and reverted to two provincial authorities, one each for English language and French language schools. In November 2015, PEI eliminated the one remaining English-language board and replaced it with an alternative parent consultation process.\nEight elected regional school boards are still standing in Nova Scotia, but their days may be numbered. With the October 15 2015 municipal election on the horizon, the election of regional school board members has dropped completely off the public radar. That’s mostly because of the virulent spread of a potentially terminal democratic condition – acclamation disease.\nSince 2012, when less than 40 per cent of eligible voters cast ballots for school board members, it’s much further advanced, especially outside Halifax. Surveying Nova Scotia’s eight school boards, 61 out of 97 school trustee positions (62.7%) will be uncontested and settled by “acclamation.” Without the Halifax Regional School Board, some two out of every three (65.9%) of the seats failed to attract more than one candidate.\nThe Nova Scotia School Boards Association (NSSBA) 2016 campaign to drum up interest in school board elections has been a complete bust. A recent round of School Board candidate sessions, run by NSSBA independent of N.S. Municipal Affairs, for some reason, has netted fewer candidates than the last time. That glitzy website, School Board Elections.ca, intended to showcase democratic vitality, merely advertises the extent of the acclamation disease from board to board.\nThe drying-up of interest in running for school board seats could not have come at a worse time for those, like me, who still believe in local education democracy and legitimate public accountability.\nSparked by the November 2015 P.E.I. decision to completely eliminate the English language board, a 2016 N.S. Liberal Party AGM resolution on abolishing boards, presented by Halifax Region Liberals, not only passed, but attracted notable media attention. The official party policy calls upon the McNeil government to take immediate action to “eliminate our English Language Boards and replace them with a single provincial board with responsibility to advise government on matters related to public schools and education of importance to parents and the people of Nova Scotia.” It also upholds democratic principles in urging the Liberal cabinet to “study and implement other mechanisms to ensure that parents find avenues to have their voices heard within the management of their local school.”\nEducation Minister Karen Casey, clearly caught off-guard by the party uprising, was quick to comment that such resolutions were not binding upon the government. When the Legislature’s Public Accounts Committee reviewed serious concerns raised by the Provincial Auditor General over board accountability, the Liberal majority on that committee made no mention of the life expectancy of the boards themselves.\nThe NSSBA is proving utterly incapable of making the case for local democratic control over what goes on in our P-12 public schools. The NSSBA’s School Board Candidate training kit contained a Q and A resource sheet that did not include the most important question of all – “Why do we need Elected School Boards?” Nor is anyone prepared to provide a clear, coherent answer.\nConsolidating school board administration would produce significant savings, if it focused on reducing the regional board bureaucracy which costs more than $36-million (2006-07) and employs 8 superintendents and 195 district administrators and consultants. Cutting all 97 elected trustees would only net about $1-million in savings, roughly equivalent to the cost of six senior administrators.\nPublic school electors tend to lump regional school administrators and elected trustees together when advocating for the abolition of school boards. Outside of Halifax, they also seem to have given up on “elected school board members” who no longer act like “trustees” accountable to the public.\nClosing schools as a “school board member” does not win you many friends and, in rural and small town Nova Scotia, can land you in purgatory. Prospective candidates considering a run at office are simply driven-off by long serving incumbents, quietly derided as “board members for life.” Those unsinkable veterans are the strongest argument for “term limits.”\nSaving local democratic control in education is worth fighting for, in spite of the example set by the current remote and largely unaccountable regional boards. The current model has outlived its usefulness and needs to be completely reformed, root and branch.\nIt might help if the Education Minister and the NSSBA took the time to read and digest Dr. David McKinnon’s May 2016 study of School District Governance. His 92-page report identifies the real crux of the structural problem – the “role ambiguity” that plagues elected board members and renders them completely ineffective. He likens the existing elected regional board to a “rudderless ship” that “still floats, but wherever the winds and currents take it.”\nWho represents the public in the K-12 school system is as clear as mud. Constrained by the current School Board Governance model, elected members occupy ‘no person’s land’ and have been completely muzzled when it comes to speaking up for parents and local taxpayers.\nIs it any wonder that fewer and fewer want to run for school board office? Elected school board members who dare to propose needed policy reforms or break ranks are sanctioned or disciplined for doing so. For a measly stipend of $10,000 or so a year, you spend most of your time approving staff reports and implementing school reviews for closure. If elected boards are scrapped, the foreclosure sign will read “School Board Elections cancelled for lack of interest.”\nWhy are elected school boards imperiled in Nova Scotia and extinct in most of Atlantic Canada ? Is local democratic control worth preserving and rebuilding in the provincial school systems? Would turning the governance system upside down and investing in elected school-community councils improve the situation? If so, where might we look for viable models of local democratic education governance?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1780812"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.590605616569519,"wiki_prob":0.40939438343048096,"text":"Aaron Sharif's Israeli Chatterbox\n(click on \"Archives\" for previous Chattebox scribbles.)\nPlease Remember: We did not receive EARTH as an inheritance from our parents. We received EARTH in safekeeping, to be handed on to our children and grandchildren. MAKE IT SAFE.\nאהרון שריף\nFewer and Fewer of Us ??\nSome connected LINKS\nMy Hebrew Blog\nMy Picasa Photos\nGesher Haziv\nSent 18.March.2010\nA dear person who was a role model for me many years ago in Washington D.C. during my early years in the Habonim Labor Zionist youth movement, has been very generous by sending some of my letters and comments to a sizable “political” e-mail list of her own. Recently I received a pessimistic mail from her about the future of the Israeli Left. She titled the e-mail subject heading with: “Frankly, I’m not sure if there is anyone else to talk to.”\nI wrote her back:\nMy response is …..riddled with the difficult task of reacting to some of the very short but terribly troublesome things you wrote:\n“Frankly, I’m not sure if there is anyone else to talk to.” (that was the subject heading of your e-mail.)\n“You must be suffering.” (meaning me, and you are so right.)\nYou also wrote: “My feeling is that it feels nuts to work for a two state solution here [in the U.S.], ie. J street, while in Israel less and less people believe that it is possible, ve' tov lehem kmo she zeh achshav.”\nFirst, be rest assured, I am definitely suffering as each year places me within a smaller political minority and puts into further question my ability to foresee any possibility of a political and social turning point within our Israeli public.\nWe are evolving into a racist public. I include here those of us who are openly and actively racist, those of us who passively support our racism, and also those of us who are not happy with our racism but are too passive or seemingly too busy to come out openly and actively to refute and oppose our racism.\nMore than half our Jewish high school students think that Arab Israelis should not have equal rights to Jewish Israelis. This is no surprise in a country where children of Ethiopian Jews are quarantined in separate schools by some communities or sit at home in some others while searching for schools ready to accept them. Our Media vilifies and our politicians decry the occurrences, but the reality continues to exist and grow.\nThere is no active “leftist” opposition within our national politics. Our government is leading us to a scenario where there will be no viable two-state modus-vivendi. We seem to be straying into a swamp which will be called a “one state solution” with a tremendous amount of discriminatory policies and laws, backed up by “necessary” oppression of Palestinian “citizens” or “non-citizens”, and constantly peppered by internal underground movements permeated with a belief in the effectiveness of violence as therapy for despair or vengeance.\nAs a Zionist I came to a realization long ago that a national consciousness is not a matter of “right” or “wrong”. Also, one national consciousness can have a completely different set of roots and rules than another, and still be true and real. Our own national consciousness is seeped in a combination of history, religion, fate, suffering, and long-term memory. These elements gave us the “need” and created the \"will\" to seize the historic opportunity that was offered us by a world that didn’t want us but was entering an age of nationalism and self-determination. But our voyage into modern nationalism is no truer nor more real or more justified than the national consciousness of the Palestinian people who were ripped apart from the larger Arab-Moslem consciousness, as were all other Arab nations in the Middle-East at the end of the First World War. Their newer and more localized national consciousness was born within borders foisted on them by colonial powers, was created out of the torn remnants of a greater Arab consciousness, was instigated further through their antagonism to our own reignited national consciousness within the same borders, and was sealed with the trauma created by the success of our own national aspirations. Our national consciousness may be thousands of years old, and theirs barely one hundred. Yet one is no more just or righteous or deeply felt.\nTill we Israelis recognize and come to terms with the symmetric “validity” of both our and their national consciousness, we won't readily make the steps needed for a mutual arrangement with the Palestinians; till the Palestinians gain their aspirations for national self-determination, they will be unable to come to terms with the reality of an Israeli nation. Unfortunately, both these conditions seem to be floating hopelessly further and further away.\nWith a government and its policies that are supported by a stable majority of our Israeli public, and with no strong and loud political opposition, we have no intention of creating the conditions for a viable two-State reality. We temporarily freeze some expansion in the conquered territories in order to show how good we are, while actually continuing to build and expand and expropriate under the guise of various sundry (il)legal excuses. By doing so, we are hastening the day when a one-state solution will be the only default left for us. That One-State will either contain a true Apartheid concoction of sorts, or will be some type of democratic formation that will erase the last vestiges of a Jewish Homeland. Neither case will be void of constant and abundant internal violence and bloodshed.\nThere is therefore much possible justification when you write me: “that it feels nuts to work for a two state solution here, ie. J street, while in Israel less and less people believe that it is possible, ve' tov lehem kmo she zeh achshav. ”\nAnd yet…….it may be a false appraisal of what people believe and what is yet possible. I don’t think our problem is based on Israelis who don’t believe a two-state solution is possible. That would be like saying most Israelis believe there is “no one to talk to”. And the truth is that most Israelis today do think there is “someone” to talk to in the Palestinian Authority. But the loud voices of leadership on the political scene make it consistently and constantly clear that they do not want to talk about the things which need talking about. And this vocal leadership is the backbone of our government and its policies. This leadership, taking along with it so much of our public, fears the concessions that result out of compromise, but is also wary of the condemnations which result out of a one-sided refusal to negotiate and compromise. It is much better to raise the ante to a point where “the other side” will be unable to accept participation in a dialogue. Then we could always claim “Its not our fault. Its them!”\nTherefore we announce our agreement to a two-state solution, while demanding not only that they recognize the legitimacy of the State of Israel, but that they announce Israel to be the Jewish State. (regardless of the 20% Arab-Israeli citizens; regardless of the fact that the State of Israel can define itself from within itself, and with no need of a definition by a neighboring state; regardless of the fact that till now it sufficed us to define the State of Israel as the Jewish Homeland, but also the State of all its people.) Therefore we announce a temporary freeze on building of Jewish settlements in the occupied territories, while also announcing as loud as we can that building will continue with extra vigor as soon as the freeze period is finished. Therefore we exclude Greater Jerusalem from the freeze and openly, vocally and physically, step up our Jewish building and settlement in East Jerusalem, even into the very confines of Arab neighborhoods, and meanwhile also doing our best to enlarge the borders of Greater Jerusalem within its occupied territory. Therefore we take no steps whatsoever to encourage some belief within the Palestinian leadership that we are serious about moving to a two-state solution (such as depopulating the so-called illegitimate settlements, or curbing all announcements of new building in east Jerusalem, or a long list of other trust-building possibilities). We are consciously and deliberately trying to pay lip-service to what the world wants to hear, while programmatically and just as deliberately demanding and doing everything that will make it difficult or impossible for the Palestinian Authority to trust in our honest intensions towards a two-state solution. This is how we’ve kept them away from any official or non-official negotiation table since the Netanyahu government took office.\nToday there is “someone” to talk to more than ever before. Today (even more than in the past) we are the ones who are looking for ways not to talk to that “someone”. And we are succeeding very nicely.\nIn other words, it is not true that “less and less people believe that it is possible” to create a two-state solution. In truth, less and less people WANT that creation and are quite satisfied with our government’s successful attempts at avoiding such a creation.\nThe Messianic fringe movement of Zionism which erupted to the forefront of Israeli politics in 1967 was fueled by all sectors of our political scene – branches of religious Zionism, offshoots of the Revisionists, and an emotional sector of Labor. Religious Zionism adopted the premise that God had begun the process of our Final Redemption (Geula) and will lead us now to the fulfillment of His contract with Abraham which will widen our borders from the Euphrates and unto the stream of Egypt. This fulfillment will also bring the nations of the world to recognize the righteousness of Israel and will bring peace and justice and wellbeing unto the world. Therefore we have no right to oppose this process of redemption, and we cannot give back any land which is part of our promise from God. There is no need to debate the rights and wrongs or the possibilities of compromise. With the advent of Zionism, the miracle of the State in ’48 and our expansion in ’67, we are now bound to God’s process of redemption.\nSo many of us “left-wing humanistic/secular” Jews assume the above paragraph belongs only to a fringe element of our Jewish society in Israel. That assumption is false. The belief that we are in the midst of God’s process of “Geula”, a process we are forbidden to divert, and therefore All Will End Well, has permeated the bulk of Religious Zionism. It has also profoundly affected the bulk of right-wing traditional and secular Jews here in Israel, some consciously and many more sub-consciously. It is a concept which goes beyond our historical bond to the Land of Israel. It is a concept not in the hands of man, but one that emanates from God. It is therefore a concept that doesn’t rely on reason, nor even on morality. It relies on belief alone. This is a concept which underlies so many of the other (and louder) reasons for being uncompromising in our political stance towards the Palestinians (reasons such as: security, “no one to talk to”, etc…). This is the concept which has driven Religious Zionism since ’67, and has infected the veins of traditional and secular right wing politics. This is what we’re up against.\nCan this be changed ??\nDuring our lifetime changes occurred that seemed far from imminent only moments before they occurred: The Walls of Berlin fell along with the Cold War; South Africa and apartheid………..; a black President in the U.S.?? Evidently, much of history can only be learned backwards. Forecasters of both weather and history can be wrong.\nI think we haven’t yet progressed beyond the point of no return, though who knows how close we are to that destination. It means the voice of our dwindling minority group needs to hold its head above water and continue to write and to whisper and to talk and to yell and to act and to organize and to reorganize until either history passes us by or history suddenly decides to try a minority opinion.\nBut I also don’t think History will change course without helpful outside interference, including by the world Jewish public (J-Street seems to be one good example), and including by supporting countries (e.g. the U.S.A. ……is there anyone else ??), and including by economic pressure (yes, my fingers trembled a little as I wrote that. Though I’d prefer the use of carrots rather than the stick. But will carrots work?). Unfortunately things may change only once our Israeli public begins understanding that things are not going well for us (once again my fingers tremble at these words). And I do think things will get worse. This is not meant as a wish! Perhaps it’s a foolish attempt at forecasting history.\nEvidently, I’ve rambled way more than I meant to when at last responding to your letter. I guess you simply gave me the opportunity to tell someone what I think. Because here too “frankly, I’m not sure if there is anyone else to talk to.” (that was the subject heading of your e-mail.) I guess I've poured it all on you.\nIt was good hearing from you. Wish you all the best,\nפורסם על ידי אהרון שריף ב- 10:27 AM","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1068151"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9915862679481506,"wiki_prob":0.9915862679481506,"text":"Leeds United to sign Liverpool's James Milner, Sunderland director slams fans\nA round-up of some of the biggest news stories from across the Championship, League One and League Two\nJak BallReporter\nThe transfer window may be shut but that isn't stopping speculation over which club will sign who in January and next summer.\nLeeds United are the focus of one of the biggest transfer rumours of the day as they could be set to welcome a familiar face back to Elland Road.\nWe also take a look at the hole that Sunderland director Charlie Methven has got into by calling some fans 'parasites'.\nAnd Morecambe manager Jim Bentley is not happy at the prospect of the club hiring a director of football.\nBIRKENHEAD, ENGLAND - JULY 12: (THE SUN OUT, THE SUN ON SUNDAY OUT) James Milner of Liverpool puts them into the lead from the penalty Spot during the pre season friendly between Tranmere Rovers and Liverpool at Prenton Park on July 12, 2017 in Birkenhead, England. (Photo by Andrew Powell/Liverpool FC via Getty Images) (Image: Getty Images)\nLeeds United manager Marcelo Bielsa is planning to strenghten his team further by signing Liverpool's James Milner.\nReports suggest that the Championship club will make the ambitious move for the 32-year-old if they win promotion back to the top flight.\nMilner started his career at Leeds and played for their first team between 2002-2004 before moving to Newcastle United.\nAston Villa to appoint John Terry as manager, Newcastle United to sign Middlesbrough star\nThe versatile player has impressed as part of Jurgen Klopp's side this season but his contract expires in the summer.\nBielsa has made a good start to his time as Leeds manager as the side sit top of the Championship with 18 points from a possible 27.\nNew Sunderland director Juan Sartori (L) with fellow director Charlie Methven before the League One match between Sunderland and Charlton Athletic (Image: Ian Horrocks/Sunderland AFC)\nSunderland director Charlie Methven has hit out at a section of fans who illegally stream games.\nMethven has only been at the club since May when Donald Stewart's lead consortium took control of the club.\nBut that hasn't stopped him from slamming a section of Sunderland's fanbase.\nlack of television coverage in League One and League Two football is why so many are turning to illegal streams.\nThe powers that be are attempting to crack down on illegal streams for this season but is not a straightforward task.\nSpeaking about Sunderland fans who have been watching games online, Methven said: \"If you’re a fanatic of your football club and you decide, actually what you’re going to do is you’re going to spend your money on a few pints of lager and watch an illegal stream of the match rather than contributing that money to trying to help your club to be the best it probably can, you’re not a fan, you’re a parasite.”\nFEELING UNCOMFORTABLE\nMorecambe manager Jim Bentley (Image: Plumb Images via Getty Images)\nMorecambe manager Jim Bentley is not happy with the prospect of the club hiring a director of football.\nThe Daily Mail has reported that the Shrimpers are lining up Paul Ince as the man to take on the role.\nInce has been out of work since leaving Blackpool in January 2014.\nMorecambe have struggled this season and have just six points from their nine games and sit 21st in the League Two table.\nSpeaking about the rumours, Bentley said: \"Do we need a director of football? No.\n\"I am not pleased with it to be honest. I have put my heart and soul into this club. It is not nice when your job is just banded around like it is.\n\"But if that [a director of football] is the route the owners want to go down, then so be it.\n\"That is entirely up to them. They'll have a vision and a strategy that they want.\n\"He [Ince] is a big name and I have met him a few times. He is a decent fella. Who knows what is round the corner?\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1537682"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.741963267326355,"wiki_prob":0.258036732673645,"text":"Address from the Director\nSouth China Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine\nInstitute of Chemical Biology\nCenter for Infection & Immunity\nDrug Discovery Pipeline\nGIBH in the media\nHome / Institutes / Institute of Chemical Biology\nChemical biology is a rising inter-disciplinary subject which aims to explore the molecular essence of life. Much of this exploration involves chemistry, and in particular, the use of small-molecule regulators to discover the function of biological macro-molecules. As opposed to more commonly used genetic methods, chemical biology provides a method for post-genomic research and for the identification of specific protein function. In addition to identifying specific targets involved in physical or pathological processes, chemical biology can be used to develop active substances in order to regulate these processes more efficiently. These abilities represent an important research tool for medical and life sciences by accelerating the drug development pipeline. Chemical biology methods have been widely applied in various areas including cellular apoptosis, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and growth factor signal transduction, forming a solid foundation for the successful development of many drugs and diagnostic reagents applicable in the clinic.\nFacing an extremely fierce global competition in the field of innovative drug development, China has established the research and development of new therapeutic drugs as a primary goal in order to meet urgent preventive and clinical treatment needs. To carry out top-level drug development in our country, the Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH) established the Institute of Chemical Biology in November 2008, with Dr. Ding Ke being Deputy Director.\nThe Institute of Chemical Biology is mainly focused on health-threatening diseases and disorders, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, infectious diseases, pathogenesis, and pathogenic genes. Through collaborations between different research labs, newly designed small molecules, polypeptides, and oligonucleotide compounds have been discovered and applied in the treatment of these diseases. The Institute of Chemical Biology is composed of four research labs (anti-cancer drugs lab, anti-metabolic disease drugs lab, anti-viral drugs lab, and stem cell chemical biology lab) and several public technical platforms (structural biology and computer-aid drug design).\nTargeting health-threatening diseases including cancer, diabetes mellitus, infectious diseases, and other diseases with relatively high epidemic rates in South China, the Institute of Chemical Biology is dedicating itself to research and development of drugs with significant therapeutic effects and traditional Chinese herbal medications and is determined to become one of the most powerful national platforms for research and development of new drugs with a capacity to innovate and significant international recognition. At the same time, regional and national pharmaceutical-related industries will be accelerated by our effort and influence.\nOur primary interests include pharmaceutical chemistry, natural drug chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology, structural biology, stem cell chemical biology, biological informatics, and pharmacokinetics, and more. The institute is oriented at pathogenic mechanisms, new drug design of cancer and metabolic diseases, extensive development of natural drug chemistry along with traditional Chinese herbal products, chemical biology of stem cells, and disease prevention and treatment.\n| Our mission\n| Address from the Director\n| Administration\n| South China Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine\n| Institute of Chemical Biology\n| Center for Infection & Immunity\n| Public Health\n| Drug Discovery Pipeline\n| Key Achievements\n| Scientific Publications\n| Overview\n| Tutors\n| Campus life\nCopyright © 2002-2020 Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1045541"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7379444241523743,"wiki_prob":0.26205557584762573,"text":"About Humanize Globaluser2019-02-23T00:08:35+00:00\nConnecting Effective Global Partners\nHumanize Global is a global affairs research organization – a think tank – committed to informing the public and connecting global partners for effective decision-making. We focus on research, analysis, and recommendations on economics, law, security, law enforcement, society and culture particularly on the Middle East. Similarly, we provide an in-depth understanding of the political, economic and social trends taking place in the United States as it relates to the Middle East.\nThrough analytical briefs, research and task force reports, and conferences, Humanize Global works to provide a comprehensive grasp and understanding of complexities of the region. The organizations draws on its network of experts in the Middle East, the United States, and Europe, to help enhance the decision-making of the public and decision-makers in their roles as companies, government agencies, and NGOs with interests in the region. We believe in effective engagement and partnership in the global community, through reliable research and dedicated collaboration.\nHumanize global is focused on building bridges of communication and intellectual thought to help leaders make better policies and enhance decision making. Our team members, affiliates and partners have proven track records in the field of global affairs. Together, we envision only the best results when we work with one another to become the effective global partners we ought to be.\nHumanize Global is a global affairs research organization – a think tank – committed to informing the public and connecting global partners for effective decision-making. We focus on research, analysis, and recommendations on economics, law, security, law enforcement, society and culture particularly on the Middle East.\nCopyright © 2016 | Humanize Global A Research Group | Cookies Policy","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line434959"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7179775834083557,"wiki_prob":0.7179775834083557,"text":"Regenerative Medicine Policy Issued by FDA\nThe FDA created a framework to create safe and effective regenerative medicine products.\nThe FDA recently announced a novel policy for the development of regenerative medicine products. The policy adds to the existing risk-based regulatory approach to define what products are characterized as drugs, devices, and biologics, according to a press release.\n“We’re at the beginning of a paradigm change in medicine with the promise of being able to facilitate regeneration of parts of the human body, where cells and tissues can be engineered to grow healthy, functional organs to replace diseased ones; new genes can be introduced into the body to combat disease; and adult stem cells can generate replacements for cells that are lost to injury or disease,” said FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, MD. “This is no longer the stuff of science fiction. This is the practical promise of modern applications of regenerative medicine.”\nThe proposed framework is described in 4 guidance documents, 2 of which support an efficient, science-based process to ensure the safety and efficacy of regenerative medicine products, while also encouraging innovation, according to the FDA. The guidance documents also address how the agency plans to take action against products that have potential safety concerns.\nThe FDA said the policy aims to balance safety concerns with mechanisms that help bring novel products to market.\n“With the policy framework the FDA is announcing today, we’re adopting a risk-based and science-based approach that builds upon existing regulations to support innovative product development while clarifying the FDA’s authorities and enforcement priorities,” Dr Gottlieb said. “This will protect patients from products that pose potentially significant risks, while accelerating access to safe and effective new therapies.”\nFinalized Guidance Documents\nThe first finalized guidance document clarifies when cell- and tissue-based products would be excepted from the regulations if they are derived from and implanted back into the same patient during surgery and the cells remain in their original form, according to the release.\nThe second guidance document clarifies how current regulatory criteria applies to regenerative medicine products by detailing how the FDA defines “minimal manipulation” and “homologous use.” The FDA said there are numerous products that require pre-market authorization and the new guidance discusses how the agency provides the risk-based framework for oversight, according to the release.\nDraft Guidance Documents\nThe first draft guidance document builds on provisions in the 21st Century Cures Act by streamlining regulatory requirements for devices used in the recovery, isolation, and delivery of regenerative medicine advanced therapies, according to the FDA.\nThe second guidance document aims to speed the approval of regenerative medicine products, including a new Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy (RMAT) designation. Additionally, the framework outlines the types of products eligible for RMAT designation, such as cell therapies, therapeutic tissue engineering products, human cell and tissue products, combination products, and gene therapies, according to the release.\nThe first gene therapies to gain FDA approval are tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) for refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. It is likely that many more will come to market over the next few months, according to the FDA.\nThis guidance provides a new framework for the therapies to ensure that treatments are safe.\n“As a molecular and cell biologist and physician, it has been exciting to witness the approval of the first 2 gene therapies in the US this year. Given the great opportunities that the field of regenerative medicine presents, we have undertaken a rigorous process to clarify our regulations that included solicitation of public input, and I believe today marks a significant step forward for all stakeholders,” said Peter Marks, MD, PhD, director of the FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. “In addition to clarifying some of the more complex areas of the regulations, we have taken meaningful new steps to encourage and expedite the development of innovative therapies. We welcome public comment on our draft guidance documents as we work toward finalizing this framework.”\nIs a 90-Day Supply the Best Option to Improve Medication Adherence?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1190173"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9081122279167175,"wiki_prob":0.9081122279167175,"text":"Clear Springs Choir\nTMEA\nSightread\nTri-M\n2nd period: Concert Mixed Choir (Mr. Moseley and Mr. Phillips)\n3rd period: Charger Chorale (Mr. Phillips and Mr. Moseley)\n4th period: Rhythm & Blue (Mr. Phillips)\n5th period: Bella Voce (Mr. Phillips)​\nRob Phillips has been directing the choirs at Clear Springs since it opened in 2007. Prior to that he directed at Clear Lake High School and Pasadena Dobie High School. Mr. Phillips is a Clear Creek High School graduate and a member of the 1989 Texas All-State Choir. He has degrees from Southwestern University in Georgetown, Texas, and the University of Houston-Clear Lake. His wife Rachel is an engineer-manager with Leidos at NASA. They have two children, Lyra and Micah, who attend Campbell Elementary School, and an old sweet dog named Barkley.\nPeyton Moseley began teaching at Clear Springs in 2021. He is a graduate of Sterling High School in Baytown and the University of Houston.\nVoice Teachers\nDavid Smith was awarded the degree Master of Music in Vocal Performance from the Moores School of Music at the University of Houston. He also holds a baccalaureate degree from Southwestern University in Georgetown, Texas. His vocal instructors have been Drs. Timothy Jones, Joyce Farwell, Oliver Worthington, and Bruce Cain.\nMr. Smith's performing career has included roles in My Fair Lady, On the Twentieth Century, Galveston!, Don Giovanni, Amahl and the Night Visitors, Die Fledermaus, Cosi fan tutte, Gianni Schicchi, The Gondoliers, The Cunning Little Vixen, Il viaggio a Reims, The Grapes of Wrath, and Les Plaisirs des Versailles. He has also performed in numerous concerts in Houston, Clear Lake, and Texas City.\nIn addition to maintaining an active performing schedule, he also serves as a voice teacher in schools of Clear Creek ISD and Texas City ISD. Voice lessons are given at these schools during and after school. Mr. Smith also teaches private voice lessons through his Clear Lake Voices studio. clearlakevoices.com\nMr. Smith has been married for 7 years to his college sweetheart, who is a middle school choir director in Texas City ISD and an accomplished soprano. In March 2014, they had a very healthy baby boy named Jackson Paul Smith. While Jackson isn't singing yet, he sure makes a lot of noise and definitely has potential! They also have one large cat. In his spare time, Mr. Smith is an avid reader of historical and science fiction novels, plays computer games, and watches TV. Mr. Smith also loves tennis and football, and played competitive tennis at the college level before singing and parenthood took up all his practice time.\nOn Facebook at cshschoir.\nOn Twitter at @cshschoir.\nOn Instagram at @charger_choir.\nCharms Data Management at charmsoffice.com. Choir students and parents can find private student information important to their participation in the choir program.\nParents/Students/Members login using school code cshschoir\nDefault password is the student ID (all digits, including the leading zeros if there are any)\nCampus main number: (281) 284-1300\nMr. Phillips' number: (281) 284-1487\nMr. Moseley's number: (281) 284-1427\nClear Springs High School, Room 1330\n501 Palomino Ln\nClear Springs High School Choir\nRob Phillips\nrphillip@ccisd.net\n​Peyton Moseley\n​pmoseley@ccisd.net","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line801745"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9506540894508362,"wiki_prob":0.9506540894508362,"text":"‘Visible: Out on Television’ Gets into Why ‘Golden Girls’ and ‘Designing Women’ Are LGBTQ Cultural Icons\nBy Brett White Twitter @brettwhite Feb 18, 2020 at 12:00pm\nPhotos: Everett Collection ; Illustration: Dillen Phelps\nVisible: Out On Television\nStream It Or Skip It: 'March' On The CW, A Docuseries About The Marching Band At Prairie View A&M\nStream It Or Skip It: 'The Estate' on Hulu, a Nasty Dark Comedy About Rich People Behaving Deplorably\nStream It Or Skip It: 'Somebody Somewhere' On HBO, Where Bridget Everett Plays A Woman Who Sings In A Quirky Choir In Her Hometown\nWhen I came out to one of my best friends, at the age of 21 and standing outside a gas station next to the college pub, she proclaimed that she should’ve pieced it all together years ago because of my love for The Golden Girls. To be frank, I should’ve as well. My love for The Golden Girls predates me being aware of my love for men. It goes way back, encoded in my DNA, almost as if I was born a Golden Girls fan just as much as I was born gay (never mind the fact that I was 1 when Golden Girls debuted). But the connection between Golden Girls (and its younger sitcom sister Designing Women) and gay culture has always been a given. They just go hand in hand, and you need not think about why.\nAs a methodical and comprehensive examination of queer representation on television over the last 70 years, it’s part of Visible: Out on Television’s gig to get into the why. The new Apple TV+ docu-series breaks the connection down in Episode 3, “The Epidemic,” providing vital context for the connection between queer people and queer-coded sitcoms that I’d never really noticed. It is, without a doubt, the most succinct explanation as to why these shows matter to who they matter to that I’ve ever heard.\nThe segment comes 18 minutes into Episode 3, the must-watch episode of the series as it tackles how the AIDS epidemic unfolded on TV and how the coverage (or rather lack of coverage) led to the deadly stigmatization of gay men and many setbacks for LGBTQ rights. With people suddenly associating gay men with a mysterious plague, the friendly fop archetype that popped up on TV often in the ’70s was replaced with tortured gay victims in the ’80s, if queer people were presented on TV at all. The AIDS epidemic pushed representation off TV, and therefore queer audiences had to look elsewhere to see themselves reflected.\nPhoto: Hulu\nGolden Girls immediately resonated just because of the premise, based on a foundation of found family. “I think a lot of gay people, especially my age and older who may’ve not always been embraced by their families—we really connect with those characters who are kind of a chosen family,” explained Carson Kressley in the episode.\nMargaret Cho added, “I look at Golden Girls as really, they’re all gay archetypes. There’s a real genius there, because you couldn’t get away with having guys on it at that time period, but there’s a way to subvert that and trick the status quo by making it about these older women.” Also fostering this subtextual connection were the textual LGBTQ storylines told in Golden Girls. The show championed acceptance, championed gay marriage, and the destigmatization of AIDS years, even decades before that was the norm.\n’80s sitcoms weren’t the first time that storytellers used women as a stand-in for gay characters. Billy Porter said that he calls this trick the “Tennessee Williams effect.” “For a long time, gay men had to be in the mouths of female heroines,” said Porter. “Every story that Tennessee Williams told was about a gay man, and that replacement that we had to make for many years is why we love our divas so much. It’s like we can relate to those narratives inside of something like The Golden Girls, inside of something like Designing Women.”\nPorter singled out Dixie Carter’s character Julia Sugarbaker, whose passionate speeches have become part of the gay canon. “Julia Sugarbaker, all of those speeches, you could’ve put into the mouth of a gay activist and that’s why we responded so much, because it’s like you’re saying the shit that needs to be said.”\nPhoto: Sony Pictures Television\nWith fear and misinformation spreading about AIDS, Designing Women took action in 1987 with the episode “Killing All the Right People.” The episode, wherein Sugarbaker & Associates are hired by a young gay man to design his funeral, was directly inspired by creator Linda Bloodworth-Thomason’s personal life. Her mother contracted AIDS via a blood transfusion during heart surgery, and Bloodworth-Thomason got to know several AIDS patients—and see how they were treated—while staying with her mother at the hospital.\n“There were 17 other young men on the floor and they were all dying of AIDS,” said Bloodworth-Thomason. “My mom was treated abysmally, probably better than any of the gay men but still horribly. Nobody knew how you get it, so we’re all in gloves and masks and her medicine’s kicked into the room in a bucket. And one day I heard one of the nurses say, ‘Well if you ask me, this disease has one thing going for it: it’s killing all the right people.’ And I just thought, okay, I’m going to remember that and that’s going to be on TV.”\nIt was on TV, spat out by a client/villain-of-the-week who immediately incurred the wrath of Julia Sugarbaker. “I told my mom, ‘I wrote this show for you.’ And it was justice for her, and I felt a little bit of justice for those 17 young men who died while I was on the same floor with them.”\nThe connection between these female-driven sitcoms and queer culture isn’t superficial, and it’s not just because gays love a strong dame with quips to spare. It’s because when television turned its back on the community, when the American government was slow to even acknowledge the existence of a plague, when nurses held their patients in contempt, these shows were there for us, representing us, and fighting for us. This context mostly goes unnoticed 35 years later, as younger generations fall for the shows in reruns and on streaming. But this important episode of Visible reminds us that we can’t forget that this connection was forged during a great struggle—and that’s why we’re still thanking them for being a friend.\nStream Visible: Out on Television \"The Epidemic\" on Apple TV+\nStream The Golden Girls on Hulu\nStream Designing Women on Hulu","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1312398"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6141543388366699,"wiki_prob":0.6141543388366699,"text":"Former Federal Prison Official and Factory manager at USP-Marion Sentenced to Prison\n10 months ago By Savion Buehler\nShawn E. Whitecotton, 50, of Herrin, Illinois, was sentenced to 16 months confinement today, consisting of 8 months in federal prison and 8 months of home confinement after his release. At his sentencing, United States District Court Judge Staci M. Yandle agreed with federal prosecutors that Whitecotton knowingly obtained thousands of dollars by abusing his management position at the federal penitentiary at Marion, Illinois (USP-Marion), lied about it, and then obstructed justice while trying to cover up his scheme.\n“It is important for the community to have faith in our institutions, including our federal prisons,” U.S. Attorney Steven D. Weinhoeft said. “We will always hold public officials accountable if they abuse positions of public trust for their own financial benefit.”\n“Whitecotton failed to inform the government that, while he was a UNICOR factory manager, he was also being paid directly by a contractor he oversaw; and he doubled down when he thought he’d get caught. Today’s sentencing shows that there is no place for lying and deceit among federal employees,” said William J. Hannah, Special Agent in Charge of the Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General Chicago Field Office.\nWhitecotton was a career federal corrections officer and served as the factory manager of the UNICOR manufacturing facility operating within USP-Marion. In 2014, USP-Marion’s UNICOR facility contracted with a private company, PGB Hanger, Inc. (“PGB”), to manufacture wire clothing hangers. As factory manager, Whitecotton was directly responsible for the PGB contract. Shortly after the work began, Whitecotton approached PGB’s owner and offered to work for PGB as a salesperson – in direct violation of government ethics rules. PGB agreed and they signed a written contract setting Whitecotton’s compensation at $1,500.00 a month, plus a commission for each hanger sold on new accounts and a monthly phone allowance. He then accepted over $20,000.00 in payments from PGB during the following year.\nUNICOR is a wholly-owned government corporation administered by the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) that operates manufacturing facilities in certain BOP facilities. The goal is to prepare federal inmates for successful reentry into society by providing them with job training and work skills. UNICOR hires BOP inmates to work in its factories, at different locations. In some circumstances, UNICOR contracts with private vide product manufacturing services.\nIn 2015, while Whitecotton was continuing to work for PGB as a salesperson, he became aware that federal investigators were interviewing staff and inmates working in his factory. Worried that his prohibited job with PGB might be exposed, Whitecotton concocted a cover-up. He amended documents to make it appear that his son had been working for PGB, as opposed to Whitecotton. He also instructed PGB’s owner not to cooperate with investigators if anyone asked for an interview. Whitecotton further told PGB’s owner that if he did agree to speak to investigators, the owner should say that Whitecotton’s son, not Whitecotton, had been working with PGB as a salesperson and receiving payments for the past year.\nWhitecotton further attempted to conceal his prohibited job with PGB by making false statements on certified government forms. As a supervisory employee in the executive branch of the United States, Whitecotton was required to annually report his financial interests, any outside employment activities, and any positions held outside his role at the prison. The purpose of this requirement was to uncover any possible conflicts of interest a supervisory employee may have in the performance of his or her duties. The forms specifically required Whitecotton to disclose any sources of income over $200. At the time, Whitecotton had received over $20,000 in payments from PGB, but he knowingly failed to disclose that information, to prevent federal investigators from discovering the truth.\nIn December 2020, Whitecotton pled guilty to two counts of making materially false statements related to those government forms.\nAlong with 8 months in prison and 8 months of home confinement, Judge Yandle ordered Whitecotton to pay restitution in the amount of $23,475.25 – the total amount he earned from PGB. As part of his sentence, Whitecotton was also ordered to serve 10 months on supervised release after his home confinement ends.\nThis case was investigated by the FBI and Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General. The case was prosecuted by Assistant United States Attorney Luke J. Weissler.\nSavion Buehler\nFactory Manager Hid Outside Government Contractor Payments\n49-year-old Shawn E. Whitecotton of Herrin, Illinois pleaded guilty to a two-count felony information charging\nChicago Tech Executive Guilty of Illegally Exporting Computer Equipment to Pakistan\nCHICAGO —A Chicago technology executive pleaded guilty today to a federal criminal charge and admitted\nTwo Thomson Penitentiary Inmates Sentenced to Additional Prison Time for Assaulting Another Inmate\nROCKFORD — Two Thomson Penitentiary inmates have been sentenced to additional prison time for assaulting another\nFOP President Dan Hils Slams The View’s Joy Behar Comments After Columbus, Ohio Police-Involved Shooting\nSergeant Dan Hils, president of Cincinnati Fraternal Order of Police, discusses the officer-involved shooting in\nMan Charged With Threatening Violence Against Federal Judge in Chicago\nA man has been indicted on criminal charges for allegedly threatening to assault and murder\nMan Who Set Fire to Chicago Police Vehicle During Civil Unrest Pleads Guilty In Federal Court\nA man admitted in federal court today that he threw a lit firework into a\nWoman Sentenced to 12 Years in Prison for Coercing Members of Church Ministry Into Forced Labor\nThe self-appointed bishop of a Pennsylvania ministry has been sentenced to 12 years in federal prison\nTags: Benton, Chicago Crime, Federal Bureau of Prisons, UNICOR\nPrevious Federal Grand Jury in Chicago Indicts Five Alleged Associates of Sinaloa Cartel on Drug Trafficking Charges\nNext Junior Golfapalooza Set for April 17 at Springbrook Golf Course","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1524110"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7096046209335327,"wiki_prob":0.2903953790664673,"text":"Rice and the Toughness Fallacy\nMarch 10, 2014 Topic: Grand StrategyGreat Powers Region: RussiaIranGeorgiaUnited StatesUkraine Blog Brand: Paul Pillar\nWill more U.S. obduracy and military spending always make others cower?\nby Paul R. Pillar\nThe rhetorical drumbeat from rightward portions of the commentariat, to the effect that Russia's moves in Ukraine should be attributed to a supposed pusillanimous “retreat” of American power and to adversaries responding by becoming more aggressive, shows no signs of abating. It continues even though, as Robert Golan-Vilella nicely explains and I have noted, the historical evidence simply does not show that the world works that way and that other governments make foreign policy decisions that way. The impetus for the drumbeat includes broader habits of exceptionalist thinking about American power and the more specific political objective of disparaging Barack Obama by blaming him for just about everything going wrong in the world. The theme regarding the latter objective is that Obama is weak and unassertive—this notion being basically a continuation of the mythical “apology tour” that Mitt Romney used to talk about.\nAn opinion piece by Condoleezza Rice illustrates another, complementary motivation, which is to try to paint over the failures of past policies that have laid claim to being strong and assertive. Rice's message is a simple one that more military spending, more obduracy, more militancy, and more deployments of armed forces are a good thing, and always will make others cower in the face of U.S. power. There is nary a bit of analysis, even of the limited sort that would fit in the confines of an op ed, as to exactly how any specific policy implied by what she is saying would be, with respect to any of the topics that she quickly mentions, better than the alternatives.\nRice even still seems to be in regime change mode. She says, “ We should reach out to Russian youth, especially students and young professionals...Democratic forces in Russia need to hear American support for their ambitions. They, not Putin, are Russia’s future.” So what conclusion is Putin supposed to draw, and how exactly is that supposed to influence his behavior or the behavior of any adversary anywhere else? Is he going to pull back from Crimea because our “reaching out” would cause his regime to totter? Hardly.\nGive Rice credit for having the audacity to try to go on the argumentative offensive on some of the very topics on which she ought to be most defensive. One is the Russian invasion of Georgia in 2008. The invasion—which was, as with Crimea, a Russian use of military force in a former Soviet republic—is Exhibit A for the proposition that the ostensibly tough policies that Rice favors do not dissuade people like Putin from doing things like that. The invasion occurred in the last year of the George W. Bush administration, after nearly eight years of such policies. Yet Rice would have us believe that by sending U.S. warships to the Black Sea and airlifting Georgian troops back home from Iraq, a Russian goal of toppling the Georgian government was foiled (“an admission made to me by the Russian foreign minister”). She blames the Russian military occupation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia on lily-livered Europeans unwilling to take tougher anti-Russian actions—later exacerbated, of course, by Obama's policies. She makes no mention of just what threat of military action was being communicated by U.S. moves, whether any such threat was credible given the consequences if it were executed, and what those consequences would be (a U.S.-Russian land war in the Caucasus?)\nRice says “signs that we are desperate for a nuclear agreement with Iran cannot be separated from Putin’s recent actions.” That's an odd formulation to begin with, given that Russia is part of the diplomatic coalition, as a partner of the United States, that is negotiating the agreement—so Russia must be just as “desperate.” And if one looks at the negotiations as not just an exercise in demonstrating toughness or weakness but instead in terms of their actual objective of placing strict and verifiable limits on Iran's nuclear program, Rice again is quietly whitewashing recent history. The Bush administration, uninterested in doing any business with Iran, blew an opportunity to limit that program when there were only a fraction of the Iranian centrifuges spinning that there are now. The preliminary agreement reached last November is the farthest-reaching restriction on the Iranian program ever achieved, with only minimal sanctions relief in return. If that's desperation, we need more of it.\nIn trying to connect assorted messiness in the Middle East to Obama's “retreat,” Rice refers to a “vacuum being filled by extremists such as al-Qaeda reborn in Iraq and Syria.” Al-Qaeda in Iraq was born, nor reborn, as a direct consequence of the Bush administration's war in Iraq. It didn't exist there before, and since the U.S. invasion it never went away. Now, in the form of the Islamic State in Iraq and al-Shams (ISIS), it has become as well the most extreme participant in the violence in Syria.\nIf one were to try to make an argument about connections between the crisis in Ukraine and reputations nurtured by previous U.S. policies, a more plausible argument—more plausible than the one about lack of toughness encouraging tough guys to make trouble—involves the Iraq War. That act of U.S. aggression is recent enough that it still is a prominent detriment to U.S. credibility whenever the United States tries to complain about someone else's use of military force against another sovereign state, including Putin's use of force in Crimea. This damage is, along with ISIS and heightened sectarian conflict in the Middle East, part of the mess from his predecessor that Obama is having to deal with today.\nAs national security adviser, Condoleezza Rice had one of the most egregious failures that anyone holding that position could have: the absence of any policy process leading to a foreign policy decision as major as launching an offensive war. No meeting or option paper ever considered whether launching the war was a good idea. Had there been a policy process, maybe the likelihood of some of the resulting mess would have been considered. That horrendous failure cannot be undone, but we can at least resist Rice's later revision of history.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1683960"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7119136452674866,"wiki_prob":0.2880863547325134,"text":"Getting to Know All About Makar Sankranti 2022\nA Compendium of Zodiac Signs: Who Is the Most Loyal?\n7 Zodiac Signs Who Will Benefit Financially in 2022\nForeign Settlement In Kundli: Combinations & Remedies\n6 of the Happiest Zodiac Signs and What Will Make Them Happy in 2022\nBy : Akagra Sharma\nMakar Sankranti is a Hindu holiday that is extremely important to believers. Devotees across the Indian subcontinent celebrate Makar Sankranti with a magnificent festivity. Continue reading to learn more about the festival. India is {…}\nLoyalty is a must-have quality! We frequently start relationships with someone we don’t know, whether it’s a friendship, a collaboration, or a love relationship. Loyalty is a characteristic that allows us to put our {…}\nWhatever the year 2021 has been like for us, we all are expecting a better 2022, especially when it comes to our financial stability. With the standard of living rising with each passing {…}\nForeign settling is one of the most desired ‘to-dos’ for many people. People move abroad to work, study, and for a variety of other reasons. But, as much as your hard work and the {…}\nWhen it refers to a person’s basic requirements, happiness is the only thing that matters. To be satisfied or not to be concerned— we all yearn for calm and the possibility of fulfillment. Not only do {…}\n6 Zodiac Signs Who Will Almost Certainly Find Their Valentine in 2022\nAs we are all set to embrace the year 2022, we have so much to look forward to, with love being one of those things. Like honestly, isn’t love something that we all want {…}\nNumerology Predictions for 2022: How Will Your Year Be?\nAs we bid farewell to a busy 2021, it is time to look ahead to a promising 2022. What does the new year hold in store for us? Every time a year comes to {…}\nThe Best Christmas Gift tips for the Zodiac\nWith the holidays lining up, you must be racking your head for gifting ideas for your friends and family. Rather than enjoying the holiday season, spending your time worrying about what gifts to buy {…}\nThe Best Personality Traits and Qualities of the 12 Zodiac Signs\nThe 12 Zodiac signs are used to categorize Astrology, and one of the most common classifications is based on four core elements: Fire, Earth, Air, and Water. These four elements are the primary source {…}\n7 Reliable Reasons Why Kundli Matching Is Required to Marriage.\nMarriage is a significant milestone in a person’s life. It is a lovely relationship that brings two souls together for the rest of their lives. It marks their transition into a new stage of {…}\nPowered by Astrology WordPress Theme","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line934685"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5638399124145508,"wiki_prob":0.5638399124145508,"text":"A Threat Intelligence Strategy Map: Connecting Technical Activities to Business Value\nBy Anthony Lim\tonOctober 24, 2019 inSecurity\nYou’re trying to make the business case for your organization’s threat intelligence initiative, but members of the senior leadership team remain puzzled about the value of their investments in cybersecurity.\nShould we really be surprised? Consider the cold, hard facts:\nCompanies worldwide are investing tens of billions of dollars per year on security, with a forecast increase of more than 9 percent per year, according to IDC.\nSecurity solution providers number in the thousands, which underscores the importance of the problem — but also highlights the complexity of managing a large portfolio of solutions.\nAttackers are consistently outperforming defenders, with attacker dwell times — i.e., the time it takes defenders to detect a successful compromise by the attackers — improving to a global median of 78 days (10 to 11 weeks) in 2018, but with 25 percent of compromises still going undetected for one to four years, according to FireEye.\nData breaches continue unabated, with public disclosures of more than 3,200 in 2017–2018. And while 75 percent of these breaches involved less than 10,000 records, the run rate for mega breaches of 1 million records or more was more than two per week.\nTo put this in perspective, when you consider both the likelihood and the total business impact of a data breach, a straightforward Monte Carlo analysis conducted by Aberdeen in June 2019 found that the median annualized total cost of a data breach under the status quo is about $500,000 — with a 10 percent likelihood of exceeding $1.8 billion (this particular quantification is about the compromise of confidentiality, and doesn’t address the impact of a compromise to the availability or integrity of the organization’s information assets).\nSaid another way: In spite of their ever-growing investments in a dazzling array of security solutions, the risk of a data breach remains unacceptably high. This is the starting point for making a business case for investing in your organization’s threat intelligence initiative; a clear and quantified explanation, expressed in business terms, of why it matters.\nConnecting Activities With Outcomes\nThe business case should be described from the top down (i.e., starting with outcomes), but execution obviously happens from the bottom up. Now it makes sense to talk about the value chain for threat intelligence, in the context of how it will help to prevent and detect compromises and reduce the risk to an acceptable level.\nThe data that’s relevant to your organization needs to be collected from multiple sources and integrated. To be useful, the data you’ve integrated must be processed — ideally, in an automated manner — to be put into the specific context of your organization’s business environment. Contextualized information must then be analyzed to uncover insights about what’s happening and develop recommended actions. Most importantly, these insights and actions need to be effectively shared with the people and teams throughout your organization who will use it to inform their decisions.\nMaking the Case for Threat Intelligence\nThe next step is to explain how a successful threat intelligence initiative can generate insights and actions to help inform the decisions of multiple people and teams throughout your organization, including:\nLevel 1 analysts — for example, to support the real-time monitoring, detection, initial investigation and escalation that takes place in the security operations center (SOC).\nLevel 2/3 analysts — for example, to support the in-depth prioritization, investigation, containment and remediation of an incident response team and the proactive efforts of experts on threat hunting and counter-fraud teams.\nOperational leaders — for example, to help the leaders of security operations and IT operations guide and prioritize the day-to-day actions and activities of their respective technical staff.\nStrategic leaders — for example, to help chief information security officers (CISOs) and other senior leaders allocate resources and make better-informed business decisions about managing cybersecurity-related risks to an acceptable level.\nMaking the connections between technical activities, critical capabilities and, ultimately, the resulting value to the organization is a perfect application for the well-known balanced scorecard framework, which, since 1992, has helped organizations of all types describe, communicate and execute their strategies more effectively. The graphical depiction of these connections is referred to as a strategy map.\nBuild Your Threat Intelligence Strategy Map Today\nWith this in mind, stay tuned for the upcoming white paper that includes a general-purpose strategy map for threat intelligence — a model for a one-page summary of how investments in your organization’s threat intelligence initiative translate to business value. With a little practice, you’ll find that it supports a wide range of discussions with the senior leadership team, from higher-level strategy to deeper technical dives.\nLearn more about threat intelligence in practice during the webinar on November 7th, and keep an eye out for the upcoming white paper.\nReigster for the webinar\nThe post A Threat Intelligence Strategy Map: Connecting Technical Activities to Business Value appeared first on Security Intelligence.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line271649"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7342774868011475,"wiki_prob":0.7342774868011475,"text":"Mattel, Hasbro, Viacom reach deal to stop tracking children online for marketing purposes\nChildren visiting websites for SpongeBob SquarePants, Barbie and other popular kids’ brands will no longer have their personal data illegally tracked for marketing purposes under a deal between New York’s top cop and four companies including Viacom and Mattel.\nNew York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman said on Tuesday that a two-year probe of the companies, including Hasbro and JumpStart Games, found they violated the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act. The companies used technology that allowed third-party vendors to collect and use personal information from children under the age of 13 without parental approval, Schneiderman said in a statement.\nThe investigation “revealed that some of our nation’s biggest companies failed to protect kids’ privacy,” Schneiderman said. “Federal law demands that children are off-limits to the prying eyes of advertisers.”\nThe probe, which Schneiderman said is the first of its kind in the U.S., covered sites for Viacom’s Nick Jr. and Nickelodeon brands; Mattel’s Barbie, Hot Wheels, and American Girl toys; Hasbro’s My Little Pony, Littlest Pet Shop, and Nerf; and JumpStart’s Neopets, a virtual pet community it purchased from Viacom in 2014. The companies will pay $835,000 in total as part of the agreement.\nRead more: http://www.denverpost.com/2016/09/13/tracking-children-online-marketing-purposes/","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line492872"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7764794230461121,"wiki_prob":0.7764794230461121,"text":"How Trump Will Weaken the Presidency\nBy Keith E. Whittington\nThursday, May 16, 2019, 11:20 AM\nPresident Donald Trump at the White House (Source: Flickr/Official White House Photo by Benjamin Applebaum)\nDonald Trump has stoked new fears of an imperial presidency. His obvious fascination with the powers of foreign autocrats is unprecedented for an American president. His ignorant and dismissive attitude toward the rules and norms that help limit presidential power has generated widespread anxiety about the fragility of American democracy. His repeated assertion in tweets and public statements of the rarely imagined powers that he claims to hold in his hands is dismaying (though often highly dubious). He tries to convey the image of an American strongman.\nBut as is often the case with Trump, the appearance does not match the reality. There is ample evidence that the Trump presidency is quite weak, and he may well leave the office of the presidency weaker than he found it. Where his predecessors since Watergate have been gradually reacquiring power for the White House, Trump might find himself giving power back.\nPolitical scientists have long emphasized that the real power of the presidency lies in the informal influence that a president can exercise, not in the formal constitutional power that he can wield. It is a sign of weakness, not strength, when a president must resort to using the weapons in his constitutional arsenal. A strong president does not need to issue vetoes, because he can shape the legislative agenda and persuade legislators to enact policies of which he approves. A strong president does not need to remove executive branch officers, because he can staff his administration with people who share his vision and can help him implement his goals. A strong president does not need to fall back on claims of executive privilege, because he can persuade legislators to channel their oversight in other directions and to trust the president’s judgment about information that must remain confidential.\nA strong president persuades; he does not command. When persuasion fails, a president must fall back on giving orders or, even worse, find himself stymied by recalcitrant politicians and subordinates. Trump has issued few vetoes, but mostly because Congress has passed only a few bills. He has not been terribly effective in transforming his own policy agenda into legislation, which has forced him to fall back on often ineffectual executive orders. Even with the advantage of a Senate controlled by his own party and generally friendly to his nominees, he has barely been able to staff his own administration. His greatest success has been in the realm of judicial appointments, where he has ceded the decision making to others. The president has been able to publicly and privately humiliate his own staff and officers, but he often fails to convince them to carry out his wishes. If President Trump is a would-be autocrat, he has shown no capacity to exercise autocratic power.\nOn the formal dimensions of presidential power, Trump might well wind up weakening the presidency by overreaching. The president has made a habit of issuing executive orders, such as his travel ban and his swipe at sanctuary cities, without much planning or careful thought about either their legality or their policy efficacy. As a consequence, the Trump White House has created opportunities for opponents of his administration to exploit vulnerabilities and encourage greater judicial scrutiny of how the president exercises his discretionary authority. The administration has repeatedly advanced policies, such as the declaration of a national emergency to fund a border wall, with the thinnest veneers of legal justification—veneers that the president himself, to the consternation of his lawyers, often strips away with his own words. As a result, the administration has ended up daring the courts to show the kind of deference traditionally granted to presidents who have more carefully and more cautiously used the powers available to them. Now Trump has embarked on an unprecedented campaign of obstruction of congressional oversight that will likely force the courts to reevaluate the scope of executive privilege and the limits of legislative investigatory authority.\nIt is a familiar refrain that bad cases make bad law. Legal rules that are drafted to account for unusual fact situations can deform the law in ways that make it less well adjusted to respond to more routine situations. Trump’s attempts to push his legal powers to their outermost extremes risk having the courts trim away those powers. In the past, presidents who have won the trust of judges and legislators have been accorded more practical power to exercise discretion and to enjoy deference. With the loss of trust, that discretion is likely to be restricted.\nBy persistently testing the limits of the president’s constitutional and legal powers, Trump forces his defenders to offer increasingly strained legal arguments to justify his actions. By declaring a national emergency where none exists and proposing to use funds to pay for “military construction projects” that have no military purpose, Trump dares the courts to call his bluff and expose the fact that his legal arguments are offered in bad faith. By declaring that, in his view, preexisting oversight efforts were “enough” and so the administration will be “fighting all the subpoenas,” he invites Congress and the courts to assume that his resistance to congressional oversight is purely personal and has no firm basis in a reasonable desire to protect the institutional prerogatives of the executive branch.\nAnd by making blanket assertions of executive privilege over testimony and documents that cannot be easily tied to the traditional grounds for protecting the internal confidences of the executive branch, he challenges Congress and the courts to strip away the veils of privilege. When, in 1958, Attorney General William P. Rogers explained the importance of executive privilege to a Congress that was frequently trying to cast it aside, he emphasized that “non-disclosure can never be justified as a means of covering mistakes, avoiding embarrassments, or for political, personal, or pecuniary reasons.” Trump’s “blanket refusal” to cooperate with congressional investigations, on the other hand, invites the conclusion that the administration’s actions are guided less by constitutional scruples than by a desire to avoid the exposure of dirty laundry.\nThe president is, of course, not alone in rushing into a constitutional game of chicken. Members of the Democratic leadership have been cautious to emphasize that they are not “going to rush in and beat up on Trump,” but both sides understood that the Democratic victory in the midterm elections would result in the House making Trump’s life miserable. House committees have moved remarkably quickly to issue subpoenas, contempt citations and impeachment threats at the expense of more routine and informal negotiations. The American separation of powers works in no small part because government officials have built up norms and practices that ease tensions and provide the means for navigating impasses. The current polarized political climate has encouraged officials to strip away these informal mechanisms of comity and cooperation, leaving the gears of government to grind away and lock up.\nThe president will no doubt win some of these legal battles, but he will lose some as well. In doing so, he will leave his successors hemmed in by more constricting legal rules and adverse judicial precedents, and will encourage legislators and judges to be more mistrustful of presidential claims and less willing to invest the presidency with authority and discretion. Future presidents who will need the flexibility to respond to genuine emergencies and to protect valuable secrets will find themselves less well situated to do so because this president has squandered political and legal capital. In the past, presidents have benefited from the fact that they have not generally had to put the limits of their legal authority to the test. His bold assertions of executive prerogative might make President Trump temporarily feel powerful, but that sense of potency will likely prove fleeting.\nPresident Trump,\nKeith E. Whittington is the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Politics at Princeton University. He teaches and writes about American constitutional theory and development, federalism, judicial politics, and the presidency. He is the author most recently of \"Speak Freely: Why Universities Must Defend Free Speech.\"\nThe Law of Individual Disqualification in a Democracy\nAziz Huq, Tom Ginsburg, David Landau Mon, Nov 8, 2021, 2:44 PM\nThe Trump Impeachment as Precedent for Future Late Impeachments\nBrian C. Kalt Tue, Feb 23, 2021, 10:26 AM\nReflections on Reform of the Impeachment Process\nBob Bauer Fri, Feb 19, 2021, 10:59 AM\nLivestream: Second Trump Impeachment Trial Day 5\nTia Sewell Sat, Feb 13, 2021, 9:39 AM\nThe Constitutionality of Trying a Former President for Impeachment–A Reply to Frank Bowman\nPhilip Bobbitt Fri, Feb 12, 2021, 2:53 PM","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line681896"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6462910771369934,"wiki_prob":0.6462910771369934,"text":"Quarto Publishing Plc\nPower to the Princess\nMurrow, Vita und Bereciartu, Julia\n15 Favourite Fairytales Retold with Girl Power\nLike Snow White, who gets on with her stepmother just fine (in the end). And Belle the Brave, whose open heart helps her become a member of the Fairyland Police. And Prime Minister Cinderella, who just wants to help everyone have a better life. These fifteen girls are smart, funny, and kind, and can do anything they set their minds to. Power to the princess! von Murrow, Vita und Bereciartu, Julia\nVita Murrow is an educator, an artist, a writer and a mum. Vita has a quirky sense of humour and an eye for the weird. When she was in 8th grade she was rejected from a special writers' retreat for kids. But that didn't stop her from pursuing her passion. Since then, Vita has been a teacher, a producer, a film maker, a program director and even a puppeteer. She currently works as a children's author reinventing old stories for a new generation and crafting wordless pictures books together with her husband Ethan Murrow. Their book The Whale was nominated for a CILIP Carnegie and Kate Greenaway Medal. She is also the author of two volumes of fairytales retold for a new generation: Power to the Princess and High-Five to the Hero. Vita loves working with other artists and writers and is always looking to share a chocolate chip cookie with someone.Julia Bereciartu (a.k.a. Juliabe) is a Spanish illustrator, born in 1980 in the northern city of San Sebastian. From an early age, she spent most of her time drawing, even if that meant using markers on her parents' new couch. She also loved reading books and dreamed of painting the illustrations that accompanied them when she grew up. She now lives in Madrid with her partner and their ginger cat, and has fulfilled her childhood dream of becoming an illustrator. Julia works for clients such as American Girl, Google, Cartoon Network and Simon & Schuster, and loves giving life to quirky, sassy characters and the occasional fluffy pet.\nKundenbewertungen für \"Power to the Princess\"\n24 Seiten Seiten\nIt's a Small World (Disney Classic)\nGolden Books;","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line412687"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7077979445457458,"wiki_prob":0.29220205545425415,"text":"Former Journal-Constitution editor stresses the importance of effective writing to students\nSeptember 26, 2013 thesewaneepurple News Leave a comment\nby Emily Daniel\nOn the evening of September 19, Sewanee residents were treated to an engaging discussion on the importance of effective communication in writing. The discussion took place in Gailor Auditorium and was led by Glenn Hannigan, a former editor for The Atlanta Journal-\nHannigan is certainly no stranger to writing. He wrote and edited for The Journal-Constitution for nearly thirty years before striking out on his own and founding TruVine Communications, LLC in 2008. He is currently the pastor of Ebenezer United Methodist Church in Roswell, Georgia and routinely holds writing workshops for various newspapers, corporations, and colleges.\nWith both frankness and sense a of humor, Hannigan instructed his audience in the fundamentals of clear, effective writing. He particularly emphasized the importance of simplicity, saying that, although it’s a role that few like to assume, “the world needs an editor.” He also stressed the idea that the best writers are often not the most educated ones—but the ones who are willing to take risks, who appreciate and learn from feedback, and who genuinely like people and want to share their stories. Hannigan’s talk was made possible by The Sewanee Purple.\nAccording to Julia Wallace (C’14), editor-in-chief of the Purple, he first came to her attention last spring when it was discovered that Sewanee student Becca Hannigan (C’16) his daughter. However, Wallace admits that actually bringing him to campus was “a long time coming.” “I emailed him in March and he confirmed for September,” she says. Wallace, like Hannigan, believes that learning to write effectively is vital. “People…forget about the basics of writing all the time,” she says. “It is so easy to get ahead of yourself, and after a while people end up writing…nonsense. There is no substitute for clear communication.”\nAnyone interested in learning more about Glenn Hannigan and his work can visit the TruVine Communications, LLC website: http://www.truvinecommunications.com.\nGlenn HanniganjournalismNewsspeakers\nPrevious Post: Archaeology makes its mark on the Domain\nNext Post: Breaking ground: sorority housing project underway","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line578982"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5356321930885315,"wiki_prob":0.5356321930885315,"text":"Home News COVID and Trump – taking stock as the election count continues\nCOVID and Trump – taking stock as the election count continues\nDespite everything else going on here in Ireland, the U.S. election has been given huge coverage in the Irish media in recent weeks. Hours of TV news time, pages and pages in newspapers.\n*Editor’s Note: This column first appeared in the November 4 edition of the Irish Voice newspaper, sister publication to IrishCentral.\nIreland has always been interested in what happens in America, but not since JFK have we seen such fascination with who will occupy the White House.\nMuch of the coverage here has been apocalyptic in tone. All of it has been anti-Trump. If the orange ogre gets back the U.S. is doomed, etc.\nJoe Biden may be old and a bit forgetful but he’s the only hope, for America and the world. And he’s one of us, of course, which plays well here.\nBut let’s step back for a moment and try to be objective. There’s a momentary quiet time after all the noise, the accusations, and insults of the last few weeks.\nSince this column was written before the result is known, we can use this quiet time for a dispassionate assessment of what became the biggest issue of the election — in fact the ONLY issue — the way the Trump administration has handled Covid.\nDespite Trump’s increasingly desperate attempts to shift attention to the economy and jobs, to foreign policy or anything else, there really was only one story in the election. Covid, Covid, Covid, as Trump began to say in frustration. The doomsday coverage was relentless and as far as the media was concerned, the dire situation in the U.S. was all Trump’s fault.\nThe media concentration on Covid was justifiable, of course. It’s the biggest threat to the U.S. and the rest of the world in decades.\nBut there is a difference between reporting the Covid story fairly and using it to destroy the candidate in the election that almost all the U.S. media hates. They may have many good reasons for disliking Trump, but that does not make this either justifiable or good journalism.\nIn this column last week, we pointed out that although the Covid numbers in the U.S. are tragic and shocking, the Covid death rate in the U.S. is exactly the same as it is in the U.K.\nInstead of drawing attention to this, however, the media in America prefer to point out that the U.S. has four percent of the world’s population but almost 20 percent of the world’s Covid deaths.\nThat brings to mind the phrase “lies, damned lies, and statistics.” It ignores the fact that many big countries around the world are not counting Covid deaths accurately or at all, because they are too poor and disorganized to do so. Some are actively suppressing the numbers and others we simply cannot believe anything they say.\nIn contrast with the global figure, the comparison with the U.K. figure is valid. It’s a developed country like the U.S., and both are honestly and accurately reporting the number of people dying with Covid.\nSo to repeat, the Covid death rate in the U.S. and the U.K. is the same. Now that the campaign is over, is it too much to expect that CNN, etc. might start focusing on this?\nNone of this is to justify Trump’s handling of the virus, the early promise that it will “go away” like the flu, the ongoing refusal to take it seriously, the idiotic meandering at press conferences about swallowing bleach, about unproven therapeutics, etc. In particular, his cavalier attitude to mask-wearing and social distancing, and more recently his facile claims that the U.S. is “rounding the turn” all underline a gross failure in leadership.\nHe could have made a difference by taking the threat seriously and leading by example. In doing so, he could have helped to save lives.\nInstead, in an attempt to shore up his vote by pretending that everything was under control, he continued to talk nonsense about the virus and downplay what we all have to do to suppress it. Whoever wins the election, he and his conscience will have to live with that.\nDespite this litany of failure, however, it is simply not true that Trump did nothing to fight the virus. There was his early shutdown of travel from China (although not as early as some of its neighbors in the region who acted immediately because they knew from experience the Chinese regime cannot be trusted).\nThere was his provision of massive funding, emergency hospital beds, and the impressive ramping up of ventilator production. And there was the hugely expensive pandemic payments to help the millions losing their jobs and the business supports to try to keep companies afloat.\nHe didn’t get credit for any of that because it did not fit the media narrative of failure. Instead, the aim every day was to belittle and undermine whatever he did.\nStupidly, he played into this by continuing to talk off the top of his head about unproven “cures” for the virus when he should have been strictly limiting his remarks to proven science.\nWhere Trump was most culpable was in his lack of leadership on the simple things, the mask-wearing, hand washing, social distancing, and so on. Coupled with that was his determination to reopen the economy, to get back to “normal” as quickly as possible, well before the election.\nHe was not alone in this misjudgment, however. Countries across Europe (including Ireland) made the same mistake this summer and are now paying the price with a rampant second wave of the virus.\nThis week the U.K. is starting a four-week national lockdown. Several other EU countries, including the big players France and Germany, have now joined Spain and Italy in full or partial lockdowns. Smaller countries like Austria and Greece are doing the same. Here in Ireland, we are in the second week of a six-week national lockdown.\nMajor parts of the European economy have stopped functioning, travel has ground to a halt again and people are just hanging in there, hoping the lockdowns may make it possible to partially reopen for Christmas. Even if that does happen, there is the fear that we will be back into lockdown again in the new year. The truth is that nothing is going back to “normal” either here or in the U.S. until we have a vaccine.\nOn that front, Trump has been promising for some time that a vaccine is only weeks away, and again this has been either ridiculed or downplayed by the media. Having destroyed his own credibility on Covid, he is partly to blame for this himself. The fact is, however, that at this stage Trump appears to be right.\nLuke O’Neill, professor of immunology at Trinity College in Dublin and an expert in biochemistry with wide contacts in the industry, produced some interesting information for an article in the Sunday Independent paper here at the weekend.\nMore than half a dozen of the big pharma companies (many of whom are based here) have now successfully concluded Phase 2 trials of their vaccines and are into the final Phase 3 stage. Pfizer, according to O’Neill, is getting ready to produce 1.3 billion doses of its vaccine in anticipation of the Phase 3 trials being a success.\nOf course, there may still be setbacks, but it would not be doing that if it was not confident, including preparing a facility in Kalamazoo in Michigan to store several hundred million doses and another massive storage facility in Europe.\nPfizer has been working on rapid distribution for some time so that it will be ready once final approval of its vaccine is forthcoming. According to O’Neill, Pfizer has booked dozens of cargo jets and hundreds of trucks. Each truck will be able to carry seven million doses. “That means one truck could vaccinate all of Ireland and more,” O’Neill wrote.\nThe U.S. government has ordered 100 million doses of the Pfizer vaccine, with an option to buy a further 500 million doses. Trump has repeatedly stated that he has the military on standby to assist in rapid distribution once a vaccine gets the green light.\nAll going well, Pfizer and another big pharma company, Moderna, are now just three weeks away from concluding Phase 3 trials of their vaccines, O’Neill said. And other candidates like the AstraZeneca-Oxford and Johnson & Johnson vaccines are also progressing quickly.\nIn all, at least half a dozen vaccines are likely to be available early in the new year, with one or two possible for front line workers and the most vulnerable even before Christmas.\nWhich is comforting news to all of us. But will it have been a comfort to Trump Hopefully, when you read this we will know one way or the other.\nPrevious articleLandlords learn on the job\nNext articleWARNING!!! BITCOIN MASSIVE REJECTION!! Bears Waking Up!! [BUT STILL BULLISH] – China FUD OkEX Drama\nJohn Lennon’s Irish connection on the anniversary of his death\nAre foreclosures worth buying in Canada? Podcast FULL Episode – #44\nIreland publishes who is set to receive vaccinations first","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line431358"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7174298167228699,"wiki_prob":0.2825701832771301,"text":"Swedes about leadership under crisis\nIt has probably escaped nobody that the world is currently facing some serious turmoil due to the Coronavirus. This chaos brings about big changes, both for organizations and individuals. Many companies have had to let people go and those who have managed to keep their jobs are often forced to work from home. In moments like these, people look to great leaders for guidance. Question is, what’s the appropriate response?\nEven though the present situation might feel unique, this isn’t the first time humankind has been threatened by a pandemic. The Black Death, the Spanish Flu, and the Plague of Justinian are just a few we have managed to overcome. But what can we learn from the leaders who lived through these horrible diseases?\nThe plague with the highest death toll is, of course, the Black Death. During the 14th century, it killed more than 200 million people. The labor force decreased, and in accordance with supply- and demand models, wages rose. King Edward III of England tried to please the landowning class by fixing the wages at pre-plague levels but this didn’t make him very popular in the eyes of the common people. Several uprisings followed causing even more instability. To pretend that the circumstances haven’t changed is therefore not a good leadership policy. A good leader needs to adapt as the environment changes.\nMoving on, the Spanish flu tormented the world between the years 1918 and 1920. Over 500 million people were infected and some sources claim that more than 50 million people died. According to historian John M. Barry, the most significant mistake the governments made during this time was to lie about the gravity of the disease. After all, there was a war going on and numerous leaders felt that should be the main focus. However, people quickly realized the truth when their neighbors, coworkers and loved ones died and once they did, their trust was dramatically reduced. A good leader should thus be honest with what’s going on.\nThe Plague of Justinian is probably the least known pandemic of the three brought up in this article, but with its death toll of 25-100 million people, it’s one of the most deadly pandemics humankind has ever faced. Furthermore, it’s also believed that the Plague of Justinian contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire. At its peak, more than 10 000 people were killed daily in Constantinople. So how did Emperor Justinian respond? He demanded not only the taxes he assessed each individual owed to the state, but also the amount which their dead neighbors were liable. The lack of compassion shown by Justinian did not sit well with the people. A good leader is empathetic, especially when times are tough.\nSo, to summarize, there are many lessons that can be learned from how former leaders have responded to pandemics like the Black Death, the Spanish Flu, and the Plague of Justinian. When there is a worldwide crisis, a good leader needs to be adaptable, honest, and empathetic. Only then he or she can become truly great.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1508006"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.620315670967102,"wiki_prob":0.620315670967102,"text":"Extension Study Data Supporting Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Eloctate® Published in Haemophilia\nCAMBRIDGE, Mass. & STOCKHOLM--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Newly published clinical data demonstrate that people on extended-interval prophylaxis regimens with ELOCTATE® [Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), Fc Fusion Protein] experienced low bleeding rates, Biogen (NASDAQ: BIIB) and Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ) (Sobi) (STO: SOBI) announced today. The interim results of this Phase 3, open-label extension study called ASPIRE were published in the online edition of Haemophilia, the journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia, the European Association for Haemophilia and Allied Disorders, and the Hemostasis & Thrombosis Research Society.\nStudy participants completing the Phase 3 A-LONG and Kids A-LONG studies were eligible to participate in ASPIRE. The results to-date show the majority of participants in ASPIRE, maintained or extended their dosing intervals between treatments compared to the A-LONG and Kids A-LONG studies. As of the interim analysis, the median time in the ASPIRE study was 80.9 weeks for adults and adolescents completing the A-LONG study, and 23.9 weeks for children completing the Kids A-LONG study. Inhibitor development is the primary endpoint of ASPIRE and no inhibitors were reported in any treatment groups. Through the interim ASPIRE analysis, adults and adolescents experienced annualized bleeding rates (ABRs) of 0.66, 2.03 and 1.97 in the individualized, weekly and modified prophylaxis arms, respectively. Children on individualized prophylaxis also experienced low bleeding rates, with an overall median ABR of 0.0 in children less than 6 years of age, and 1.54 for children ages 6 to 12. These results were consistent with data from the Phase 3 A-LONG and Kids A-LONG studies.\nIn addition to efficacy and safety endpoints, the publication also reports changes in prophylactic infusion frequency from the end of the A-LONG study through the interim analysis. Of the adults and adolescents who had previously been treated prophylactically and who remained in the study through the interim analysis (n=128), 72 percent maintained their prophylactic dosing interval and 22 percent lengthened and six percent shortened the time between infusions. Extension study participants could change treatment group at any time.\n\"The design of the ASPIRE study provides physicians a high degree of dosing flexibility, with the goal of reflecting their real-world treatment practices,\" said Guy Young, M.D., Director of the Hemostasis and Thrombosis Center, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles. \"The results suggest prophylaxis with ELOCTATE shows efficacy and safety for the long-term treatment of hemophilia A.\"\nIn ASPIRE, most participants received prophylactic treatment and were able to maintain protection against bleeding episodes with ELOCTATE consumption that was consistent with that observed in A-LONG and Kids A-LONG.\nGrowing Body of Evidence Further Validates ELOCTATE Clinical Profile\nThe publication reported cumulative duration of treatment from the beginning of the A-LONG and Kids A-LONG studies through the ASPIRE interim data analysis. The median cumulative duration of treatment was 117.7 weeks for adults and adolescents, and 51.5 weeks for children less than 12 years old.\nAcross age groups, safety results were consistent with the general hemophilia A population. There were no reports of serious allergic reactions or vascular clots. The most common adverse events (incidence of greater than or equal to five percent) included nasopharyngitis (common cold), arthralgia (joint pain) and upper respiratory infection.\n\"These published results add to the body of data demonstrating ELOCTATE's safety profile and ability to provide protection against bleeding episodes,\" said Wing-Yen Wong, M.D., vice president, Global Medical, Hematology and Immunology at Biogen. \"As a company focused on bringing treatment advances to the hemophilia community, we are committed to gathering comprehensive, long-term clinical data across populations.\"\n\"We remain focused on the goal of elevating hemophilia care globally, and we believe the publication of these data is important clinical research that contributes to the advancement of medical science in hemophilia,\" said Birgitte Volck, M.D., Ph.D., senior vice president of Development and chief medical officer of Sobi. \"These interim extension data help affirm the known efficacy and safety of ELOCTATE for the treatment of people with hemophilia A.\"\nASPIRE is an open-label, non-randomized, multi-year extension study for people who completed the pivotal, Phase 3 A-LONG or Kids A-LONG studies. The study enrolled 211 males, including 150 (98 percent) of those who completed A-LONG and 61 (91 percent) of those who completed Kids A-LONG. The primary endpoint is the development of inhibitors. Secondary endpoints include the annualized number of bleeding episodes per subject, ELOCTATE exposure days and a participant's assessment of response to treatment of a bleeding episode.\nAbout ELOCTATE\nELOCTATE® [Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), Fc Fusion Protein], the first recombinant clotting factor VIII therapy with prolonged circulation in the body, is approved in the United States, Canada, Australia and Japan. It is indicated in the United States for the control and prevention of bleeding episodes, perioperative (surgical) management and routine prophylaxis in adults and children with hemophilia A. ELOCTATE is not indicated for the treatment of a bleeding disorder called von Willebrand disease.\nIntroduced in the U.S. in July 2014 and Japan in March 2015, ELOCTATE provides protection from bleeding episodes with the potential to extend the interval between prophylactic infusions. The therapy was developed using a process called Fc fusion, which is designed to prolong a therapy's circulation in the body using a naturally occurring pathway. While Fc fusion has been used for more than 15 years, Biogen is the only company to apply it to the treatment of hemophilia.\nDevelopment of Factor VIII neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) may occur following administration of ELOCTATE. Common adverse reactions (incidence of greater than or equal to 1 percent) reported in the registrational A-LONG study were arthralgia (joint pain) and malaise (general discomfort). For additional important safety information, and the United States full prescribing information, please visit www.ELOCTATE.com.\nAbout Hemophilia A\nHemophilia A is a rare, chronic, genetic disorder in which the ability of a person's blood to clot is impaired, due to missing or reduced levels of a protein known as factor VIII. People with hemophilia A experience recurrent and extended bleeding episodes that cause pain and irreversible joint damage. Some of these bleeding episodes can be life-threatening. According to the World Federation of Hemophilia, an estimated 142,000 people worldwide are identified as living with hemophilia A.1 Prophylactic infusions of factor VIII can temporarily replace the clotting factor necessary to control bleeding and prevent new bleeding episodes.\nInhibitor development is a response of the body's immune system that interferes with the activity of therapy. About 25 to 30 percent of people with severe hemophilia A develop inhibitors during their lifetime. Inhibitors typically develop after a median of 8-10 exposure days, though this number varies widely.2\nAbout Biogen\nThrough cutting-edge science and medicine, Biogen discovers, develops and delivers to patients worldwide innovative therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, hematologic conditions and autoimmune disorders. Founded in 1978, Biogen is one of the world's oldest independent biotechnology companies and patients worldwide benefit from its leading multiple sclerosis and innovative hemophilia therapies. For product labeling, press releases and additional information about the company, please visit www.biogen.com.\nAbout Sobi\nSobi is an international specialty healthcare company dedicated to rare diseases. Sobi's mission is to develop and deliver innovative therapies and services to improve the lives of patients. The product portfolio is primarily focused on Haemophilia, Inflammation and Genetic diseases. Sobi also markets a portfolio of specialty and rare disease products for partner companies across Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and Russia. Sobi is a pioneer in biotechnology with world-class capabilities in protein biochemistry and biologics manufacturing. In 2014, Sobi had total revenues of SEK 2.6 billion (USD 380 M) and about 600 employees. The share (STO: SOBI) is listed on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm. More information is available at www.sobi.com.\nBiogen Safe Harbor\nThis press release contains forward-looking statements, including statements about the interim analysis from ASPIRE, its publication, and the potential therapeutic effect of ELOCTATE in people with hemophilia A treated with prophylaxis regimens of ELOCTATE. These statements may be identified by words such as \"believe,\" \"expect,\" \"may,\" \"plan,\" \"potential,\" \"will\" and similar expressions, and are based on our current beliefs and expectations. Drug development and commercialization involve a high degree of risk. Factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations include the risk that unexpected concerns may arise from additional or new data or analysis, regulatory authorities may require additional data or information or further studies, or may fail to approve, or refuse to approve, or may delay approval of expanded indications or uses of our drug products, or we may encounter other unexpected hurdles. For more detailed information on the risks and uncertainties associated with our drug development and commercialization activities, please review the Risk Factors section of our most recent annual or quarterly report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.\n1. World Federation of Hemophilia. Annual Global Survey 2012. http://www1.wfh.org/publications/files/pdf-1574.pdf. Accessed July 2015.\n2. Mariani G, Konkle BA, Kessler CM. Inhibitors in Hemophilia A and B. In: Hoffman R, ed. Hematology: basic principles and practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier; 2013:1961-1970.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line826113"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6975334286689758,"wiki_prob":0.6975334286689758,"text":"Let Freedom Ring: “Bad Start”\nadcheck\t• April 23, 2012\nLet Freedom Ring’s minute-long ad attacking the New START nuclear weapons treaty President Obama negotiated with Russia places that group firmly in the small club of ideologues that opposed the treaty when it was ratified by the Senate in 2010. Support for the treaty encompassed nearly the entirety of the American national security establishment – including every living former Secretary of State – and the handful of specific claims about the treaty’s provisions in the ad range from disingenuous to blatantly false.\nVast, Bipartisan List Of National Security Experts Urged Ratification Of New START\n71 To 26: Bipartisan Senate Vote For Ratification. From the Washington Post: “The U.S. Senate on Wednesday approved a new nuclear arms-reduction treaty with Russia, the broadest such pact between the former Cold War foes in nearly two decades. The Senate ratified the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, known as New START, by a vote of 71 to 26, easily clearing the threshold of two-thirds of senators present as required by the Constitution for treaty ratification.” [Washington Post, 12/22/10]\nNational Security Network: “Opposition On The Merits Is Now Limited To A Small Group Of Ideologues” And Anti-Obama Partisans. From NSN: “Opposition on the merits is now limited to a small group of ideologues – Frank Gaffney, Rick Santorum, John Bolton, Newt Gingrich – whose worldview simply excludes pragmatic partnership with powers such as Russia. One of the worst offenders has been Senator Jim DeMint (R-SC), who has displayed not only a shaky grasp on history, but on national security fundamentals. Appearing at an event sponsored by the Foreign Policy Initiative, DeMint made a series of astonishing comments, confusing Russia with the Soviet Union: ‘As I look at…the proposed START treaty…we had a lot of hope that Russia would become democratic and a free market…those things have really not happened…as we look at who we’re doing business with…clearly the USSR as a democracy is a fraud…very little free market activity…the rule of law is very loose…murders go unpunished…the USSR…Russia…It’s synonymous, remember, the Russians are coming.’ In addition to this ideological worldview, there is also a political dynamic at play. Leslie H. Gelb, president emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations puts this in a broader context, ‘Cast aside any doubts. There seems to be nothing Republicans won’t do to deny President Obama a political success at home-even if it means jeopardizing U.S. national security.'” [NSNetwork.org, 12/15/10]\nSupporters Of New START Ratification Included “High-Ranking Members” Of The Last Seven Administrations And “Every Former Living Secretary Of State.” From the National Security Network: “The Secretary of Defense, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, the head of U.S. Strategic Command, the director of the Missile Defense Agency, the directors of the nation’s three national laboratories, high-ranking members of the Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush 41, Clinton, and Bush 43 administrations-including George H.W. Bush and every former living secretary of state, the Treaty’s negotiators, high-ranking intelligence officials, and numerous outside experts-have all unequivocally endorsed New START.” [NSNetwork.org, 12/15/10]\nSecretaries Of State From Past Five GOP Administrations Wrote Letter Urging Ratification. In a Washington Post op-ed, former Secs. Of State Kissinger, Shultz, Baker III, Eagleburger and Powell wrote: “Republican presidents have long led the crucial fight to protect the United States against nuclear dangers. That is why Presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush negotiated the SALT I, START I and START II agreements. It is why President George W. Bush negotiated the Moscow Treaty. All four recognized that reducing the number of nuclear arms in an open, verifiable manner would reduce the risk of nuclear catastrophe and increase the stability of America’s relationship with the Soviet Union and, later, the Russian Federation. The world is safer today because of the decades-long effort to reduce its supply of nuclear weapons. As a result, we urge the Senate to ratify the New START treaty signed by President Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev. It is a modest and appropriate continuation of the START I treaty that expired almost a year ago. It reduces the number of nuclear weapons that each side deploys while enabling the United States to maintain a strong nuclear deterrent and preserving the flexibility to deploy those forces as we see fit.” [Kissinger, Shultz, Baker III, Eagleburger & Powell Op-Ed, Washington Post, 12/2/10]\n“The Commander Of Our Nuclear Forces Has Testified That The 1,550 Warheads Allowed Under This Treaty Are Sufficient For All Our Missions – And Seven Former Nuclear Commanders Agree.” In a Washington Post op-ed, former Secs. Of State Kissinger, Shultz, Baker III, Eagleburger and Powell wrote: “Along with our obligation to protect the homeland, the United States has responsibilities to allies around the world. The commander of our nuclear forces has testified that the 1,550 warheads allowed under this treaty are sufficient for all our missions – and seven former nuclear commanders agree. The defense secretary, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the head of the Missile Defense Agency – all originally appointed by a Republican president – argue that New START is essential for our national defense.” [Kissinger, Shultz, Baker III, Eagleburger & Powell Op-Ed, Washington Post, 12/2/10]\nNew START Doesn’t ‘Give’ Anybody Tactical Nukes – But It Paves The Way For Talks On Russia’s Longstanding Stockpile\nAP Fact Check: Previous START Treaty Didn’t Touch On Tactical Weapons, But “Talks On Tactical Nuclear Weapons Are Unlikely To Occur Unless New START Is Approved.” From the Associated Press:\nTHE CLAIM: The treaty favors Russia because it doesn’t deal with Russia’s much larger arsenal of smaller tactical nuclear warheads intended for use on the battlefield in a conventional war. “New START gives Russia a massive nuclear weapon advantage over the United States. The treaty ignores tactical nuclear weapons, where Russia outnumbers us by as much as 10 to 1,” former Massachusetts GOP governor and 2012 presidential hopeful Mitt Romney wrote last summer in The Washington Post.\nTHE FACTS: New START is intended to replace the 1991 START treaty, which also did not deal with tactical nuclear weapons. Russian and U.S. officials have both said that issue would be addressed in subsequent negotiations, along with the large number of U.S. warheads now in storage. Those U.S. warheads also weren’t addressed by New START. Russia has maintained a large number of such weapons to address weaknesses in its conventional forces. But military analysts are dismissive of the military usefulness of these weapons, given the small chance that the U.S. and Russia would face off in a conventional war of tanks and combat forces. Talks on tactical nuclear weapons are unlikely to occur unless New START is approved. [AP, 11/19/10, emphasis added]\nSecs. Clinton And Gates: New START Reduces Both U.S. And Russian Strategic Arsenals To 1,550 Warheads And “Will Also Set The Stage” For Discussion Of Tactical Warheads. In a Washington Post op-ed, Sec. of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and then-Sec. of Defense Robert Gates wrote: “New START will advance critical national security objectives: Reducing the number of deployed nuclear weapons while retaining a safe and effective deterrent; providing direct insight into Russia’s nuclear arsenal; and creating a more stable, predictable and cooperative relationship between the world’s two leading nuclear powers. It will put in place an effective verification regime to track each side’s progress in reducing its arsenal to 1,550 strategic warheads. We will be able to count the number of deployed strategic weapons more accurately, because we will exchange more data on weapons and their movement than in the past. We will also conduct 18 short-notice inspections of Russian nuclear forces each year, including checking warheads on individual missiles. New START will also set the stage for future arms reductions, including negotiations on tactical nuclear weapons.” [Clinton & Gates Op-Ed, Washington Post, 11/15/10]\nPresident George H. W. Bush Ordered All Ground-Based Tactical Nukes Destroyed, And All Sea-Based Tactical Nukes Removed From Deployment. From Air Force magazine: “In 1991, with a stroke of his pen, President George H. W. Bush forever changed America’s nuclear force structure. Twenty years ago this fall, President George H. W. Bush announced sweeping changes to the US nuclear force structure. In a speech to the nation on Sept. 27, 1991, Bush said he ordered the destruction of all American ground-based tactical nuclear weapons. Sea-based tactical nukes would be withdrawn from deployment as well. All Air Force strategic bombers and 450 Minuteman II missiles were taken off alert status. Mobile US ICBM programs were halted—as was the AGM-131 nuclear short-range attack missile. Bush made these moves unilaterally, with a few strokes of his pen. He indicated the US would carry them out regardless of Soviet reaction. But he invited Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev to take similar actions. ‘If we and the Soviet leaders take the right steps—some on our own, some on their own, some together—we can dramatically shrink the arsenal of the world’s nuclear weapons,’ said Bush in his address. Days later, Gorbachev responded with his own reductions. He said the USSR would match the US on removal and dismantlement of tactical nuclear weapons, while taking 500 missiles off alert and canceling some strategic modernization programs.” [Air Force, September 2011]\nConservative Foreign Policy Expert Howard Baker Supported New START In Part Because Nearly A Year Had Passed Without U.S. Nuclear Inspectors At Russian Facilities. In a USA Today op-ed, Baker wrote: “The Senate is ready to vote in the next few weeks on a new strategic arms limitation treaty with Russia. Having worked on such treaties since the 1970s, as a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, as minority and majority leader of the Senate, and as White House chief of staff under President Reagan, I believe this treaty should be ratified — and soon. President Reagan was famous for his adage about dealing with the old Soviet Union: ‘Trust but verify.’ Since the last START treaty expired in December 2009, we’ve had no right to conduct inspections of Russian nuclear bases, and thus no way to verify what the Russians are doing with their nuclear weapon systems. And, of course, it’s not just about us and the Russians any more, if it ever was. A world of dangerous characters out there would love to gain access to a nuclear weapon, and we need to be doing everything we know how to do to keep watch over the supply of such weapons. We and the Russians keep more than 90% of them in our respective arsenals— the other 10% still keeps me awake at night — and it’s beyond me how anyone could conclude that refusing to ratify this inspection treaty would somehow enhance America’s security.” [Baker Op-Ed, USA Today, 12/1/10]\nBaker: “Under The Terms Of This New Treaty, We Give Up No Rights To Maintain An Effective And Reliable Nuclear Arsenal.” In a USA Today op-ed, Baker wrote: “Under the terms of this new treaty, we give up no rights to maintain an effective and reliable nuclear arsenal. In fact, one of the core principles of the treaty is that each side should have the right to determine for itself the composition and structure of its strategic offensive arms. That means the United States will have the flexibility to modernize its nuclear weapon systems as it sees fit.” [Baker Op-Ed, USA Today, 12/1/10]\nClaims Of Restricted Missile Defense Programs Contradicted By Think Tanks, Experts, Top Missile Defense General\nNational Security Network: Treaty Preserves “Effective Missile Defenses” And Has “Unanimous Backing” Of Military Leaders. From the National Security Network: “The treaty enjoys the unanimous backing of the United States military leadership and overwhelming bipartisan support. It has now been over a year since we’ve had U.S. inspectors on the ground in Russia to inspect its nuclear facilities. New START preserves our ability to deploy effective missile defenses; it is accompanied by unprecedented long-term funding to ensure our nuclear stockpile remains safe, secure and effective; and it will reinstate a stringent verification regime that our military planners say is essential. What is debated on the Senate floor will be less about the treaty itself and more about two visions of our national security: the tested, pragmatic views of our national security leaders versus the views of a small ideological fringe.” [NSNetwork.org, 12/15/10]\nConservative Foreign Policy Expert Howard Baker: “Under The Terms Of This New Treaty, We Give Up No Rights To Maintain An Effective And Reliable Nuclear Arsenal.” In a USA Today op-ed, Baker wrote: “Under the terms of this new treaty, we give up no rights to maintain an effective and reliable nuclear arsenal. In fact, one of the core principles of the treaty is that each side should have the right to determine for itself the composition and structure of its strategic offensive arms. That means the United States will have the flexibility to modernize its nuclear weapon systems as it sees fit.” [Baker Op-Ed, USA Today, 12/1/10]\nLt. Gen. Patrick O’Reilly: New START Treaty “Actually Reduces Constraints On The Development Of The Missile Defense Program.” Lieutenant General Patrick O’Reilly, U.S. Army, is Director of the Missile Defense Agency of the Department of Defense. At a hearing of the House Armed Forces Subcommittee on Strategic Forces, Lt. Gen. O’Reilly testified: “Relative to the recently expired START Treaty, the New START Treaty actually reduces constraints on the development of the missile defense program. Unless they have New-START accountable first stages (which we do not plan to use), our targets will no longer be subject to START constraints, which limited our use of air-to-surface and waterborne launches of targets which are essential for the cost-effective testing of missile defense interceptors against MRBM and IRBM targets in the Pacific area. In addition, under New START, we will no longer be limited to five space launch facilities for target launches.” [Gen. O’Reilly Testimony, 4/15/10, emphasis added]\nAssociated Press Fact Check: No “Practical Restraints On Missile Defense.”. From the AP: “The treaty doesn’t place any practical constraints on missile defense. The document’s preamble, which is not legally binding, acknowledges a link between nuclear weapons and missile defense. It’s an assertion that was accepted by George W. Bush’s administration: The point of missile defense is to counteract nuclear-tipped missiles.” [AP, 11/19/10]\n[NARRATOR:] The U.S. and Russia signed a New START treaty that contains two fatal flaws. First, it gives Russia ten times more tactical weapons than the US. Just one of these bombs could destroy almost all of New York City. Second, START prevents America from building more defensive missiles that can intercept incoming enemy warheads. [ON-SCREEN TEXT: “Tactical Warheads are 6x more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb”] [NARRATOR:] Because of the START treaty, America can only increase its missile defense arsenal against possible missile attacks from North Korea, Iran, Venezuela or other rogue nations if Russia gives America permission to do so. Americans need to ask two important questions: First, should America’s defenses be controlled by Russia? And second, according to the Constitution, isn’t the president supposed to protect America’s national security? This treaty isn’t good for America. In fact, we call it a bad start. Paid for by Let Freedom Ring, which is responsible for the content of this ad. [Let Freedom Ring, 4/21/12]\nHardworking Americans Committee\n#Mitt Romney\nU.S. Chamber of Commerce: “A Serious Threat To Jobs”\nAmerican Future Fund: “Security”\n#National Security\nAmerican Action Network: “Again”\nGaffney: ATR’s Norquist Is “Working For A Bunch Of Islamists” And “Fragging His Own Team”\nLet Freedom Ring: “Gas Price Hypocrisy”\n#Let Freedom Ring","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line978204"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9648200869560242,"wiki_prob":0.9648200869560242,"text":"Alt 96.5 The daughter of Wu-Tang leader RZA has launched her Country music career\nThe daughter of Wu-Tang leader RZA has launched her Country music career\nIntroducing O.N.E. The Duo\nBy Marty Rosenbaum, Audacy\nWhat if Wu-Tang Clan went country? While that hasn’t officially happened yet, Tekitha and Prana Supreme Diggs are forging their own path and bringing their Wu-Tang ties with them.\nListen to Wu-Tang Clan and more on East Coast Rap\nEast Coast Rap\nDiggs, Tekitha’s daughter with RZA, and Tekitha form the mother-daughter duo O.N.E. The Duo , a collaboration that was born out of a jam session. The two took part in an interview with Rolling Stone as Diggs recalled how one session with her mother gave her an idea.\n“‘What if we sang and wrote our own songs together?’” Diggs asked her mother. Tekitha shot down her idea, but Diggs was persistent and determined to not take no for an answer. Eventually, Tekitha agreed to work with her daughter, under one condition.\n“She’s like, ‘We’re not gonna do this as a hobby. You want to do this, then we’re gonna do it to the best of our ability,’” Diggs recalled. Additionally, Tekitha wanted to make something that was a “complete departure” from her work with Wu-Tang Clan, where she was a vocalist.\nIn order to distance themselves from the sounds of Wu-Tang Clan, the duo turned to Country and Americana music. “I thought the best way for us to approach the creative was going to be super organic, very acoustic,” Tekitha said.\nThe duo first went to Nashville in 2015 where they had their first co-writing session, a process that was much different than what Tekitha was used to in the Hip Hop and R&B world. “Making that transition here has been really eye-opening actually, and challenging for sure,” Tekitha admitted.\nIt wasn’t until 2020 when the band began to take shape as the duo hired management and began to look for a label. Once that happened, things began to move fast.\nTheir debut single “Guilty” was released in September and used in the Hulu drama Wu-Tang: An American Saga. Shortly afterwards, they released the song “River of Sins.” While there’s no firm timetable on an official release, the duo is looking to put something out this summer.\nAside from the inherent joy that comes with working as a mother-daughter duo, Tekitha and Diggs also learned there’s a long familial connection to Country music. “When we started this project together, my auntie Angie called me and was crying after I had sent her some songs,” Tekitha said. “She said, ‘You know, [your] mom would be just thrilled about this.”\nHot AC","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line492009"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9163866639137268,"wiki_prob":0.9163866639137268,"text":"JSR #3\nJavaTM Management Extensions (JMXTM) Specification\nMaintenance Review Ballot\nBallot duration: 2013-12-10 to: 2013-12-16\nThese are the final results of the Maintenance Review Ballot for JSR #3. The EC has approved this ballot.\nArm Limited\nAzul Systems, Inc.\nEclipse Foundation, Inc\nEricsson AB\nFreescale Semiconductor\nFujitsu Limited\nGemalto M2M GmbH\nGoldman Sachs & Co.\nKeil, Werner\nLondon Java Community\nMoroccoJUG\nSouJava\nV2COM\nNot voted\nView Vote Log\nOn 2013-12-13 Gemalto M2M GmbH voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 Fujitsu Limited voted Yes with the following comment: Fujitsu's vote is based on the technical merits of this JSR and is not a vote on the licensing terms. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-12 Oracle voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 V2COM voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-14 MoroccoJUG voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-13 TOTVS voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-15 Nokia Corporation voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 SouJava voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-14 Ericsson AB voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 Hewlett-Packard voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 Eclipse Foundation, Inc voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-12 Arm Limited voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-12 Software AG voted Yes with the following comment: Makes sense to move this to the Platform JSR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 Red Hat voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 IBM voted Yes with the following comment: IBM's vote is based on the technical merits of this JSR and is not a vote on the licensing terms. IBM supports licensing models that create an open and level playing field by allowing third parties to create independent implementations of Java Specifications and that do not allow individuals or companies to exercise unnecessary control for proprietary advantage. We support open source as a licensing model for contributions in the JCP, and would hope others will support this direction. This comment is not necessarily directed at the current business or license terms for this JSR, however, it is a statement of IBM's preferred licensing model. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-14 London Java Community voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-13 CloudBees voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-13 Goldman Sachs & Co. voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 Twitter, Inc. voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ On 2013-12-16 Keil, Werner voted Yes with no comment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line174929"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7157019376754761,"wiki_prob":0.7157019376754761,"text":"Yunnan germplasm bank provides a safe home for wild species\nScientists from the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China pose for a photo on Mount Qomolangma during a seed collecting mission in 2021. (Photo from the website of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China) By Zhang Fan, Li Maoying Located in the suburbs of Kunming, capital city of southwest China’s Yunnan province, the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China is the only national preservation facility for the storage of wildlife germplasm resources in China, as well as one of two such facilities in the world built to meet international standards.\nYunnan gears up for biodiversity protection\nPhoto shows protected wildlife in the Gaoligong Mountain National Nature Reserve, including crestless monal (upper left), black snub-nosed monkeys (lower left), and blood pheasant (right).(Photo provided by the Gaoligong Mountain National Nature Reserve) By Zhang Fan, Yang Wenming, People's Daily Southwest China's Yunnan Province is one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world.\nOTHERS-NATURAL-DISASTER\nMiao village in SW China’s Guizhou Province becomes increasingly livable\nPhoto taken on May 15, 2019, shows two villagers passing the ridge of terraced fields in the Moon Mountain of Southwest China’s Guizhou Province. Photo by Chen Peiliang/People’s Daily Online By Lu Peifa, People’s Daily Overseas Edition Thanks to efforts of a poverty alleviation working team to improve the living conditions of Jiayi village, the traditional stockaded village where people of Miao ethnic group inhabit has become cleaner and more attractive day by day. Located in Jihua township in\nChongqing lifts environment for its Longxi River\nDianjiang section of Longxi River, Southwest China’s Chongqing municipality. Photo from the radio and television station of Dianjiang county By Liu Shuwen, People’s Daily Sonorous sound of suona horn goes afar along the clear and green Longxi River, on the banks of which pedestrians are strolling in lush trees and bushes. “The beautiful Longxi River has come back,” said Long Ronghua, an inheritor of intangible cultural heritage who loves to play suona horn by the river. However, the “beautiful Longxi\nMan sets up glacier water protection office 6,000 meters above sea level in Tibet.\nLuobu Renqing after graduating from the University went back to his home town to work at the local waterworks. Luobu Renqin, a Tibetan man who works at a local waterworks in Danxiong Country, Southwest China's Autonomous Region sets up and outdoor office near the glacier in Tanggula Mountains, over 6,000 meters above sea level. His job is to protect the water resources near the glacier. For convenience and easy access to the water to the water he needs to control, he sets up an outdoor office near the glacier.\nMeet The Woman Yang Chenglan, Who Uses Traditional Weaving To Tackle Poverty In Southwest China\nMeet the woman who uses traditional weaving to tackle poverty. Fengdeng Dong Village is located in Rongjiang County, southwest China's Guizhou Province and is inhabited by the Dong ethnic group. For many young people here, it is their dream to go out of the mountains and work in big cities. Yang Chenglan, 34, is the first person in the village who graduated from university. However, she gave up her stable job in the city and returned to her hometown to start a business in 2016. In her village, weaving and dyeing\nChina nears nationwide victory in poverty alleviation\nTsering Tarchin, a poverty-alleviation official, explains national policies and guidelines to villagers in Ali prefecture in Southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region. Photo: Courtesy of Tsering Tarchin Although the COVID-19 epidemic has increased the difficulties of China's poverty alleviation work, the country is approaching a final victory as three remaining provincial-level regions are having their poverty-alleviation achievements undergo public scrutiny before announcing the result, while at least 19 other","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line292389"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6447392106056213,"wiki_prob":0.35526078939437866,"text":"Reach for success through the AUT Business School\nAUT University Business School\nIn an interconnected and rapidly changing business world, knowing just the basics of business is not enough. Employers are looking for candidates with specialised, in-depth knowledge of the many intricacies of the marketplace and business operations. Entrepreneurs must possess the ability to analyse economic conditions and manage diverse staff across national borders. A bachelor’s degree, while helpful, just doesn’t cut it when it comes to these complex issues. More and more, having a postgraduate degree in a business discipline is seen as a necessary foundation, and even threshold, for meaningful success.\nThat’s where the Auckland University of Technology (AUT) Business School comes in. This prestigious school offers a whole range of postgraduate business programs that can help you navigate the often tumultuous waters of the business world, and make you stand out from your peers.\nThe AUT Business School has long held a sterling reputation for its academic prowess – it is part of an elite group of only 5 percent of business schools worldwide accredited by AACSB International – the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. And in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2016, its Accounting and Finance disciplines were placed in the top 150 worldwide.\nImage courtesy of Auckland University of Technology\nThe school’s strong academics is matched by the diversity and breadth of its programs, which range from professional degrees to specialised research-intensive programs. The Master of Professional Accounting (MPA), which fits in the former category, gives you advanced training in the critical discipline of accounting. It allows you to pursue managerial positions in accounting firms, as well as corporate roles like chief financial officer, tax specialist, and finance manager.\nThe school’s Master of Applied Finance (MAF) prepares you for a lucrative and fulfilling career in the financial services sector, giving you deep insight into financial management, corporate and international finance, investment and risk management, and financial modelling. Upon graduation, you are well-positioned for financial management roles in large multinational firms and financial institutions.\nThe Master of Global Business (MGBus) is perfect for professionals and entrepreneurs looking to spread their wings across national borders. The program draws lessons from globalisation and its impact on management, business and society. Graduates will gain the skills necessary to manage multinational ventures and to operate in diverse business environments.\nSelling a product or brand can be especially challenging in today’s crowded markets. Fortunately, the Master of Marketing (MMktg) gives you a window into the strategic decision-making that is necessary to respond to economic uncertainty, rapidly changing markets, and, perhaps most importantly, consumer sentiment and trends. Graduates may pursue roles such as brand manager, advertising and promotions manager, and chief marketing officer.\nThe AUT Business School has a strong commitment to high-quality and impactful research that is relevant and of value to businesses, professions, government, and society as large. Thanks to the school’s large and expansive network of research partners as well as its excellent relations with industry, students have the opportunity to conduct cutting-edge research with all the support and insight that they need.\nAside from the aforementioned professional degrees, the AUT Business School offers postgraduate research degrees that give students the opportunity to make an intellectual breakthrough in their chosen field of study. Graduates can look forward to becoming top experts in business, allowing them to mature into sought-after consultants, give talks and lectures around the world, or even pursue careers in academia.\nIf you wish to gain your postgraduate qualification in flexible stages, you may wish to consider the Postgraduate Diploma in Business. In the one-year full-time programme, you will study papers in a specialist business discipline including Accounting, International Business, and Economics. If you wish to proceed further, you may return to complete a full-fledged Master of Business.\nThe Master of Business can be completed in just 18 months, during which you will develop advanced research skills and gain a rigorous understanding of a specialist field relevant to your interests. Alternatively, you may opt to do the Master of Philosophy (MPhil), which is gained by supervised research in any business topic. Both the Master of Business and Master of Philosophy are excellent pathways to PhD study.\nThe Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest degree attainable at the school and is great for students who wish to pursue an academic or research career. Gaining a PhD qualifies you as an expert in your respective field, allowing you to lecture around the world and lending heft to your published material, including books for the mass audience.\nWhichever programme you choose, you will sure to emerge stronger, nimbler, and more employable than your peers and competitors. Remember, postgraduate education isn’t just a piece of paper; it’s a business investment.\nThis article is sponsored by the Auckland University of Technology Business School. AUT Business School tutors over 5,000 young business people and innovative entrepreneurs, making it one of the largest providers of business education in the whole of New Zealand. The school is located in the heart of Auckland City, voted 18th in the QS Best Student City Ranking for 2014, and is internationally renowned for the high quality of its graduates, the positive impact of its research and meaningful engagements with business and the broader community. AUT’s Business School fosters a teaching and learning approach that’s at the forefront of business education, with strong links with industry and professional bodies that ensure the curriculum remains current and reflects the contemporary needs of business.\nFeature image via Shutterstock.\nHow to succeed as an international business leader\n5 U.S. business schools with excellent graduate outcomes","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line256013"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9855837225914001,"wiki_prob":0.9855837225914001,"text":"Tamera Mowry Explains Why She 'Cried Multiple Times' During The Masked Singer\nCelebrity By TooFab Staff | 4/22/2021 1:54 PM PT\nGetty/Fox\n\"It was such an amazing journey and I am a different person because of it. I'm stronger.\"\nTamera Mowry-Housley is opening up about her experience competing on \"The Masked Singer.\"\nIn an interview with People, the actress-singer reflected on her stint on the Fox reality competition series, revealing she even \"cried multiple times.\" For those who missed it, Tamera, 42, was eliminated on Wednesday night's episode of \"The Masked Singer\" and was revealed to be the Seashell.\nMasked Singer Double-Elimination Unmasks Two Teen Idols -- From Different Worlds of Entertainment\n\"For me, it was about facing the fear, not hiding anymore, tapping into something that I have loved to do for years and just going for it, taking that big leap of faith,\" Tamera said. \"I was shaking in my boots, literally -- Seashell had boots.\"\n\"I cried multiple times because there were moments I wanted to run the opposite way, because I hadn't performed in over 20 years,\" she continued. \"And you are brought into this whirlwind. It was me up against the girl that was afraid to sing, afraid of what people would say, afraid of the critiques, afraid of even succeeding. Every single time I made it to the next round, I was like, 'I'm going to do this all over again!' But it was such an amazing journey, and I am a different person because of it. I'm stronger. I had the best time.\"\nWhile the \"Sister, Sister\" star admitted that she hoped she went farther in the competition, she said she's \"so grateful\" to have made it to the Super 8.\n\"I knew what I was up against. You can hear the voices,\" Tamera told People. \"And I am so grateful I made it as far as I did. Yes, would I have liked to have won? Abso-freaking-lutely. But I feel like every person has their own personal journey.\"\n\"I faced that fear every single day and I gave it my all,\" she added. \"And that's all you can do is do your best. And my best was good enough for me. I got to do four songs. I'm good.\"\nDuring her time in the competition, Tamera performed four songs: \"Listen to Your Heart\" by Roxette, \"Confident\" by Demi Lovato, \"Tell Me Something Good\" by Rufus featuring Chaka Khan and \"I Think We're Alone Now\" by Tiffany Darwish.\nOn Wednesday's double elimination, the former co-host of \"The Talk\" and Bobby Brown -- who was revealed to be Crab -- were both axed from the show.\nHowever, none of the panelists including Robin Thicke, Jenny McCarthy, Ken Jeong and Nicole Scherzinger suggested Tamera could be Seashell until Wednesday's episode when Scherzinger guessed correctly.\nWhile speaking with People, Tamera explained why her Seashell costume was \"a great representation\" of who she is.\n\"One of my favorite places to be ever is Hawaii. I was raised there,\" she said. \"My mom's side is from the Bahamas, Eleuthera Bahamas, and Eleuthera Bahamas is probably one of the most beautiful beaches that I've ever seen. I feel like it's home. The beach is home to me and it just made sense [to be Seashell].\"\nThe Masked Singer Recap: Final Wild Card Has Us Asking -- Where Are All the Ladies?\nMeanwhile, Tamera also revealed why she decided to join \"The Masked Singer\" in the first place.\n\"It's always been a dream of mine to sing again,\" Tamera said. \"I started my Hollywood career in a theater group, actually. I was acting and singing at the same time. It was called Voices and I was 14. And at that same time, I was doing a pilot called 'Sister, Sister.' So I had to focus more on acting, but I always wondered what it would have been if I went that route.\"\n\"I had sang on 'Sister, Sister,' I sing in the shower all the time,\" she continued. \"The last performance in front of an audience was with my sister. We sang at the Malibu triathlon and it was awesome, but it was a long time ago, so I wanted to revisit it.\"\nWhen asked if she plans on pursuing music now, Tamera said, \"Absolutely. I want to do a gospel album, a musical, a Disney film. That would be fun.\"\n#TameraMowry #TheMaskedSinger","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1444016"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9085182547569275,"wiki_prob":0.9085182547569275,"text":"The Rebound Home\nRebound Facebook Group\nSafely Back to School\nQuick links... The Rebound Home Job Search Coronavirus Home Rebound Facebook Group Safely Back to School\nWith demand high and supply low, vaccinating America's seniors is taking time\nBy: Chris Conte\nCovered in snow, a bitter coastal wind whips across the beaches of Chatham, Massachusetts.\nBut out here in the middle of winter, the fight to vaccinate this nation’s senior population is in full force.\nAnna Marie has spent most of the last year inside her Chatham, Massachusetts home. This 68-year-old retired teacher hasn’t been able to see her kids or many friends for fear of catching COVID-19.\n“It’s difficult that I can’t see my children; that’s the biggest thing. It makes me ache for better times,” Anna Marie said while standing outside of her home, which had just been dusted with a few inches of snow.\nAbout 215,000 people live on this stretch of the peninsula year-round. Most of the residents are over age 65. Barnstable County, which encompasses all of Cape Cod, Nantucket and Martha’s Vineyard, is considered to be the oldest county per capita in all of New England. But getting the vaccine to people who live here has been a slow process, mainly because supply is much lower than health officials anticipated.\nIt’s left people like Anna Marie in limbo as they wait for their turn in line, “We can’t push what we can’t control, I’ve learned more patience through all of this.”\nCounty health officials, though, are doing whatever they can to inoculate as many people over age 75 as possible. Recently, hundreds of cars lined a busy road in downtown Barnstable, with eager residents ready to get their Pfizer vaccine.\n“This is what we want to do. We want to make sure the vaccine isn’t in a freezer and it’s getting into people’s arms,” explained Sean O’Brien, who serves as the director of Barnstable County Department of Health.\nThe problem at vaccination sites across the nation isn't demand, it's the supply.\nOn this day, nurses stretched 975 vials of the Pfizer vaccine into 1,300 vaccination shots. Even at that rate though, it could take 215 days to inoculate everyone who lives in this county, regardless of their age.\n“Because there are so few vaccines, it’s almost a competition to get the numbers here, and that’s sad. It should be more equitable,” O’Brien said.\nTransportation is also playing a major role in how quickly this nation’s over 65 population can get vaccinated. Not everyone has access to a car or a license.\nBarnstable County has one of the oldest populations in the country. It ranks with retirement communities like Sumter County, Florida, where the average age is 66, and Catron County, New Mexico, where the average age is 60.\nBecause those age groups are at higher risk for having severe complications from COVID-19, vaccine rollout is critical.\n“We have just a lot of older people down here. A lot of folks in that 65 plus age group that need to get this shot,” O’Brien added.\nBy the end of the day, nearly 1,300 people had received their COVID-19 vaccine, a small percentage of the population who calls Cape Cod home. But Sean O’Brien and other public health officials here are on a mission to make sure no vaccination shot is wasted.\n“With a lack of vaccine, we know people want it but we’re just asking for patience.”\nFood Assistance via P-EBT Utah Unemployment Insurance Benefits Employment Assistance Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) SBA Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) Info SBA Express Bridge Loans Child Care Assistance Rent & Eviction Information Refugee Services Business Owners, Share Your Story With FOX 13 Economic Injury Disaster Loan Emergency Advance (EIDL) Your Mental Health & COVID-19 Utah Leads Together 2.0 State of Utah Coronavirus Website","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1688966"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7410948276519775,"wiki_prob":0.25890517234802246,"text":"His Holiness, the Dalai Lama July 19, 2008\nAlliant Energy Center of Dane County\n1919 Alliant Energy Center Way\nHis Holiness the XIVth Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, is the spiritual and temporal leader of the Tibetan people. The person of His Holiness is regarded as the life-line of Tibetan people's struggle for freedom and justice in these difficult times of Tibetan history. Thus his long life is directly related to the very survival of the Tibetan civilization. During his travels abroad, His Holiness has spoken strongly for better understanding and respect among the different faiths of the world. Towards this end, His Holiness has made numerous appearances in interfaith services, imparting the message of universal responsibility, love, compassion and kindness. A 1989 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, His Holiness' reputation as a scholar and man of peace has earned him many accolades, including a number of awards and honorary Doctorate Degrees in recognition of his distinguished writings in Buddhist philosophy and of his distinguished leadership in the service of freedom and peace.\nAdded by Upcoming Robot on July 17, 2008","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line698624"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6914000511169434,"wiki_prob":0.30859994888305664,"text":"John Ford (director)\nJohn Ford was an iconic American film director, particularly known for his adaptations and American Westerns. He directed nearly 150 films in his 50 year career, and he was well-respected by his colleagues and proteges. In addition to directing films in Hollywood, Ford served as a commander in the United States Navy in World War II, and made documentaries while serving. Today he is touted as a master filmmaker from a long-gone Hollywood, an innovator and game-changer.\nFord was born in Maine...\nHomeLiterature EssaysJohn Ford (director)\nJohn Ford (director) Essays\nThe Searchers and Taxi Driver: A Tale of One Anti-Hero Timothy Sexton College\nWhen it was originally released into theaters during the cinema of paranoia that defined 1970’s American film, few aside from its makers, their roving band of American New Wave gang, and a few hip movie critics ever event thought to seek a...\nThe Real Wild West: From The Searchers to The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Anonymous College\nThe Searchers is a western directed by John Ford in the year 1956 and starring John Wayne as the main protagonist of Ethan Edwards, a Civil War veteran who embarks on a long and arduous journey to rescue his kidnapped niece from the Comanche tribe...","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line210767"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9290828704833984,"wiki_prob":0.9290828704833984,"text":"> Space Shuttle\n> Space Shuttle Era\nGrow Text SizeShrink Text Size\nHistoric Shuttles to Arrive at Permanent Homes by Year's End\nImage above: Space shuttle Atlantis is towed into the Vehicle Assembly Building high bay 4 after being towed around from the building's transfer aisle Feb. 2. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett\n› View Larger Image\nImage above: One of space shuttle Endeavour's payload bay doors has been fully opened and an antenna retracted on Feb. 3 in Orbiter Processing Facility-2 at Kennedy Space Center. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett\nBy the end of this year, NASA's space shuttles will be in their new homes.\nRecently, the shuttles were on the move as part of the transition and retirement (T&R) activities at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\nOn Feb. 1, NASA Vehicle Manager for T&R Bart Pannullo watched as shuttle Endeavour was backed out of the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) and towed to Orbiter Processing Facility-2 (OPF-2).\nThe next day, shuttle Atlantis made an appearance outside the VAB as it was towed from the VAB transfer aisle into high bay 4 for temporary storage. Atlantis is being prepared for public display at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in 2013.\n\"It's been two beautiful days here for these operations and seeing people I haven't seen in a while,\" Pannullo said. \"I'm not taking these events for granted.\"\nEndeavour was moved to OPF-2 so that technicians can continue to prepare it for display. The shuttle will remain in the OPF until it is ready to be ferried to the California Science Center in Los Angeles in the fall.\nOnce inside the facility, Endeavour was leveled and safed. Then, water and Freon from lines in the shuttle's midbody were offloaded. The orbital maneuvering system (OMS) pods and forward reaction control system (FRCS) were delivered to the Hazardous Maintenance Facility (HMF) on Feb. 6 from White Sands, N.M. The FRCS was uncrated and transported to OPF-2 on the same day and was installed on Endeavour on Feb. 8. The OMS pods remain at the HMF and are scheduled to be installed on Endeavour in March.\nPannullo said that while Atlantis is in the VAB, technicians will be working in the aft compartment to remove components that may be used in future programs, as well as continuing to safe the spacecraft.\nFuture work on Atlantis includes reinstallation of its FRCS and OMS pods once it is moved back to the OPF in late March.\nReplica Shuttle Main Engines also will be installed, and safing of the pyrotechnic systems will be completed.\nAtlantis then will be configured for its display site, and prepared for its short trip to the visitor complex just down the road in early 2013.\nDiscovery, atop a NASA Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA) modified 747 jet, will arrive at Dulles International Airport in Virginia on April 17 and then be transported to the Smithsonian's Udvar-Hazy Center on April 19.\nEndeavour, taking the final SCA \"ferry flight\" ever, currently is scheduled to fly to Los Angeles this fall.\nAtlantis will be transported from the Orbiter Processing Facility to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in November. The exact date of rollover to the visitor complex is being evaluated. The Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex is targeting a July 2013 grand opening for Atlantis' new home.\nFor more information, go to http://www.nasa.gov/transition.\nDiscovery is in OPF-1, where processing is quickly coming to an end as it is being readied for display at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum, Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Va.\nNASA Flow Director for Orbiter T&R Stephanie Stilson said remaining work includes removing components from the aft of the shuttle that will be used to support NASA's Space Launch System Program.\n\"We also are doing the final configuration and closeouts to ensure the vehicle is ready to ferry,\" Stilson said. \"Although Discovery is not leaving Kennedy until mid-April, it is scheduled to leave the OPF for the last time in March.\"\nStilson said Discovery always will hold a special place in her heart, but she also is enjoying her time with the other shuttles.\n\"I continue to be impressed by the dedication and devotion of the team working to ensure Discovery, Atlantis, Endeavour and Enterprise are delivered to their new homes in the best possible condition,\" Stilson said.\n\"There is a great sense of pride and appreciation for the opportunity to work with so many great people on the greatest space program in the world,\" Pannullo said.\n\"This will be a difficult transition for all of us,\" Stilson acknowledged, \"but we can feel good knowing their new families will love them as much as we do and will care for them as well as we have for the past 30 years.\"\nLinda Herridge\nNASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center\n› Back To Top","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1501727"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9275885224342346,"wiki_prob":0.9275885224342346,"text":"Home/Sports/Ravi Shastri had scored a double century in Shane Warne’s debut match, did the feat on this day itself\nRavi Shastri had scored a double century in Shane Warne’s debut match, did the feat on this day itself\nOn This Day Shane Warne Test Debut Match: Year 1992, Sydney Cricket Ground in Sydney. Third Test match of India’s tour of Australia. The date was January 2. India won the toss and elected to field. At that time no one knew that the Australian player who is entering the field to play the debut match, he will become the great bowler of world cricket. This match was special for that player because he was playing the International Debut Test, but in this match, an Indian player robbed the gathering. Find out how it happened…\nTeam India went on a tour of Australia in 1992 under the captaincy of Mohammad Azharuddin. During this he had to play a five-Test series. The third Test match of the Test series was played from January 2. This was Shane Warne’s international debut match. Not only was this match special for him, along with it it also became very special for Ravi Shastri. The reason was Shastri’s strong double century.\nCenturion Test: Team India has so far deducted 3 points due to mistakes, this time it was also fined for match fees\nIndia won the toss and elected to field. Batting first, Australia scored 313 runs in the first innings. In response, Team India came out to play the first innings. Ravi Shastri and Navjot Singh Sidhu came to open for India. Sidhu got out without opening the account. But Shastri stuck the peg and he started playing with his feet. He scored 206 runs in 477 balls. Shastri hit 17 fours and 2 sixes in this innings. Thanks to his innings, Team India scored 483 runs in the first innings.\nIND vs SA Test: When and where to watch the second test match between India and South Africa?\nAfter this, the Australian team entered the field to play the second innings. During this, she could not stay on the crease for long and scored 173 runs for the loss of 8 wickets. But due to the fifth day of the match, the match ended in a draw. Shastri also took 4 wickets for 25 runs during this period. He was adjudged ‘Man of the Match’ for his good batting and bowling. In this way Shane Warne’s debut match was named after Ravi Shastri.\ncentury day debut double feat India tour of Australia India vs Australia India vs Australia 1992 Indian Cricket Team Match On This Day Ravi Ravi Shastri ravi shastri double century Ravi Shastri Records scored Shane Shane Warne Shane Warne Australia Shane Warne Debut shane warne debut match Shane warne debut test match Shastri Team India test series Warnes\nEven if you do not have this smartphone, it will stop running WhatsApp\nUP Election: CM Yogi announces to contest assembly elections, know what is BJP's game plan for Ayodhya\nChennai won the IPL title for the record fourth time, know which records were made in the final match\nCSK decided the final journey for the record 9th time, will Mahi be able to make four moons in his IPL career?\nShivam Dubey said after his return – I desperately needed such an innings\nManu Bhaker made a great comeback, won gold for India in the Junior World Championship\nICC canceled qualifying matches of Women’s Cricket World Cup due to Corona","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line12159"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9787907600402832,"wiki_prob":0.9787907600402832,"text":"‘Kate Plus Eight’ kids could be in violation of work-permit rules, raising concerns\nJulia McClatchy (admin) Contributor\nSeptember 13, 2010 10:29 AM ET\nA PENNSYLVANIA lawmaker is preparing to go to battle over special work permits issued to the Gosselin children, stars of the TLC network’s popular reality show “Kate Plus Eight.”\nState Rep. Thomas Murt, a Republican whose district includes parts of Montgomery and Philadelphia counties, believes that the permits were issued improperly, although the Department of Labor and Industry says that they’re perfectly legal.\nBoth sides agree that the state’s Child Labor Law, under which the department issues the permits, needs to be revamped. In June, Murt introduced a bill to do just that, following a two-year, high-profile investigation by the department into a complaint about the children’s welfare on the set of the show, which is shot in Wernersville, Berks County.\nThe Labor Relations Committee will hold a hearing on the bill Sept. 23, when amendments are expected to be introduced as well. Former child actors are expected to attend the hearing in support of the bill.\nThe law clearly addresses children ages 7 and older who can obtain special permits to work in movies. But what about the 6-year-old Gosselin sextuplets – Alexis, Hannah, Aaden, Collin, Leah and Joel? The law doesn&apos;t appear to cover children under 7 in TV performances.\nThe department issued “special performance permits” to the show’s producers to allow the sextuplets and their 9-year-old twin sisters, Cara and Mady, to appear on the show.\nBut copies supplied to the Daily News by Murt’s office show that the permits were issued April 20 – about 3 1/2 years after the original show, “Jon and Kate Plus Eight,” went into production in 2007.\nFull story: ‘Kate Plus Eight’ kids could be in violation of work-permit rules, raising concerns | Philadelphia Daily News | 09/13/2010\nTags : daily news department of labor discovery channel entertainment culture gosselin jon kate plus 8 jon gosselin kate gosselin labor law crime pennsylvania philadelphia philadelphia daily news television the daily news\nJulia McClatchy (admin)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1041191"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7036065459251404,"wiki_prob":0.7036065459251404,"text":"Torbay Hospital nurse retires after 66 years of working for the NHS\nMonica Bulman started work in 1952 - and retired on Thursday\nA Torbay Hospital nurse has retired after clocking up an astounding 66 years’ service for the NHS.\nMonica Bulman, a Registered General Nurse (RGN), worked on Hutchings ward at Torbay Hospital as part of the specialist outpatient surgical clinic team for Endoscopy. She is one of the oldest and longest serving nurses in Britain.\nMonica’s retirement, which took place on 22 February, coincides with national celebrations of the NHS 70th anniversary year. The NHS was launched on 5 July 1948 and Monica has worked for the NHS for 66 out of the 70 years since its creation.\nMental health charity closes Devon office in cash crisis\nAged just 19, Monica started to work in the NHS in 1952 as a State Enrolled Nurse before undergoing further training to qualify as a State Registered Nurse in 1957 (now known as a RGN).\nMonica Bulman in 1957\nMonica said: “The NHS has been a huge part of my life and I wouldn’t have wanted it any other way! However, I have decided that it’s now time for me to put my fob watch and belt away to enable me to spend quality time with all my loved ones.\n“I have absolutely loved being a nurse – it has brought me so much pleasure and I have enjoyed every single second. It’s certainly going to take some getting used to with not coming in to work and seeing all my wonderful patients and colleagues. I’m going to thoroughly miss being a nurse.”\nUrgent warning as thousands of inhalers recalled due to faults\nAfter 66 years working as a healthcare professional, Monica has seen many changes: “Nursing has changed a lot over the years especially the technology, which is wonderful - unless it breaks down!” Monica quipped.\nMonica Bulman in Theatre\n“Although we now have much more paperwork to compete, it is fantastic that with the technology we can now look up our patient’s x-rays and test results at the click of a button rather than having lengthy waits for the information. Another change that amuses me is that years ago the Theatre Nurses, who were all gowned up, had to manually thread the needles for surgery, whereas now these all come in packs, prethreaded!\n“The uniforms have also changed considerably although I have to admit I did prefer our old uniforms, they were much more glamourous. I bought a belt to wear with my uniform when I qualified in 1957 – I still have and wear the very same belt to this day.”\nOne of Devon's Take Me Out stars will compete in a national beauty pageant where she could be named Miss British Isles\nOver the years, Monica will have treated tens of thousands of patients. Monica started her State Enrolled Nurse training in 1952 at Eltham Hospital, London, before moving to St John’s Hospital, London, in 1954 to qualify as a State Registered Nurse.\nUpon qualifying in 1957, Monica stayed at St John’s and worked as a staff nurse as well as a theatre nurse until she left in 1959.\nMonica Bulman has retired\nSince then, Monica has worked at a number of different hospitals. In 1968, Monica moved to Torquay with her husband and two sons and began to work for a nursing agency.\nIn 1978, Monica started to work at Paignton Community Hospital on the then casualty department as well as for outpatients departments. In 1998, aged 65 years, Monica had no plans to retire as she “didn’t want to”.\n'Fake Homeless' campaign is 'dangerous' and 'encourages vigilantism', say police and council\nA Sister from the outpatients department at Torbay Hospital asked Monica to work as a bank nurse for a few weeks but she ended up staying. Monica has been at Torbay Hospital since 1998 and is currently part of the specialist outpatient surgical clinic team for Endoscopy.\nTorbay Hospital (Image: Andy Styles)\n“I loved my student training at St John’s Hospital” Monica reminisced. “This was my favourite time. After being on night duty, the Sister used to give us (the students) a cup of cocoa every morning after our night shift… she was our ‘mother hen’ and guided and nurtured us through our training as well as our personal lives. I have never been unhappy at work and have so many wonderful memories and friendships that will be with me forever.\n“My job has kept me going and helped me through some of the toughest times in my life. I don’t know what I would have done without my colleagues and a job where I could dedicate myself to caring for others.”\nNot one for taking it easy, Monica is incredibly active and fit. She regularly attends the gym and spinning classes at Torbay Leisure Centre and puts much younger attendees to shame. Monica is also an avid reader as well as a keen member of a local skittles club.\nMonica said: “I do like to keep fit and healthy, but I also like to be ‘glam’ - I enjoy going to my local beauty salon as well doing all my hobbies! Most of all though I love spending time with my family and my grandchildren; this is what I enjoy the most.”\nMonica Bulman\nLiz Davenport, Interim Chief Executive of Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, said: “I am sure I speak for everyone at the Trust when I say we are incredibly grateful for Monica’s incredible 66 years of dedicated nursing service in the NHS - she really is an inspiration to us all. It’s no mean feat to be one of the longest serving nurses in the country. We are so proud that she has been a member of our staff for so many years and we know that many people will have benefitted from her nursing skills and positivity.\nSwimmer who competed in national championships caught drink-driving after party got out of control\n“We wish Monica all the very best in her retirement and we’re sure that she will make the most of this new and exciting chapter in her life.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1492191"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6772435307502747,"wiki_prob":0.6772435307502747,"text":"Married to the Military: A Survival Guide for Military Wives, Girlfriends, and Women in Uniform (Paperback)\nBy Meredith Leyva\nNow revised to reflect the reality of military and economic unrest around the world, Married to the Military remains an invaluable resource for any military spouse or significant other.\nWhen you marry a military service member, whether a reservist or active—you may feel as if you’ve also married the United States military! While there are plenty of orientation books on military training, there is not much information available about handling the personal aspects of military life. Married to the Military demystifies the often confusing military world so you can make the right choices for yourself and your family.\nMeredith Leyva, an experienced military wife and founder of CinCHouse.com, the Internet’s largest community for military wives, girlfriends, and women in uniform, offers time-tested advice on everything you need to know—from relocation to deployment, protocol to finances, and career to kids, including:\n-Keeping your love life together during deployments\n-Relocating yourself and your family around the world\n-Maintaining your own career when you're expected to move every three years\n-Understanding what pay and benefits you're entitled to—and how to maximize them\n-Dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other threats to your partner’s well-being\nWhether you’re figuring out military protocol or trying to understand the medical system, this savvy, friendly yet authoritative guide details just what you need to know to manage day-to-day issues and get on with the adventure of military life.\nMeredith Leyva is the founder and editor of CinCHouse.com, the Internet’s largest community for military wives and women in uniform. Leyva currently resides with her family in Norfolk, Virginia, where her husband is stationed aboard the USS Enterprise.\n\"For someone new to military life, adjusting can sometimes be overwhelming. Married to the Military provides great information and a commonsense approach that will help military wives and significant others make the best of their experiences.\" -- Sylvia Kidd, director of family programs for the Association of the U.S. Army (AUSA) and spouse of the Sergeant Major of the Army (Ret.)\nFamily & Relationships / Military Families\nFamily & Relationships / Marriage & Long-Term Relationships\nPsychology / Psychopathology / Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)\nKobo eBook (October 31st, 2007): $11.99","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line708664"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6757750511169434,"wiki_prob":0.32422494888305664,"text":"Titanium Corporation Reports December 31, 2020 Year End Results, Confirms Annual And Special Meeting Date And Provides Project Update\nCALGARY, ALBERTA – April 27, 2021 – Titanium Corporation Inc. (the “Company” or “Titanium”) (TSX-V: TIC) today released its results for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company also confirms that it will hold its annual and special meeting (the \"Meeting\") as a virtual only meeting via live audio webcast online at https://virtual-meetings.tsxtrust.com/1135 on Thursday, June 17, 2021 at 11:00 a.m. (Toronto time).\n“Our Company and business partners have weathered a challenging 2020 marked by the COVID-19 global pandemic, mandated lockdowns, an oil price war and the steepest economic decline in history,” commented Scott Nelson, Titanium’s President and CEO. “Amidst these challenges, with the support of our business partners and the Federal and Alberta governments, our Company has continued to execute engineering programs that are critical to the progress of the Project.”\nOver the past year the Company and Canadian Natural Resources Limited (“Canadian Natural”) have continued work on the Project utilizing internal resources, performing engineering reviews, validation and optimization of the Project as well as continuing on-going minerals analysis programs. The main focus of the Project team in 2020 was the validation and optimization of the concentrator facility and the design and engineering of a tailings thickener and associated facilities. Optimization and redesign of the minerals facility, including further work by external minerals engineering firms, commenced in the fourth quarter of 2020 and is continuing into 2021. In parallel three government funding programs were contracted for contributions towards the joint Project costs including Emission Reduction Alberta (“ERA”) for $5.0 million in September 2020, Natural Resources Canada (“NRCan”) Clean Growth Program for $1.96 million in January of 2021 and most recently Sustainable Development Technology Canada (“SDTC”) for $10.0 million in March of 2021.\nCertain highlights for the three and twelve-month periods ended December 31, 2020 and recent months are set out in more detail below:\nOn January 19, 2021, Titanium announced that the Company and NRCan signed a Non-Repayable Contribution Agreement for $1.96 million of funding for eligible expenditures of a work program for the period April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 as part of the engineering phase of the Project. The work program includes validation engineering for Project facilities including the concentrator plant, minerals plant and transload facility and associated Class 3 capital cost estimates.\nOn December 22, 2020, Titanium announced that the Company and Canadian Natural entered into a 2020 Project Coordination Agreement (“PCA”) which governed the 2020 engineering phase of the Project (the “2020 Program”). The PCA, effective January 1, 2020, set out the rights and responsibilities for the 2020 Program along with the cost sharing arrangement whereby Canadian Natural and Titanium were responsible for each party’s share of the 2020 Program costs which were 70% and 30%, respectively, for the total cost of the 2020 Program.\nOn December 21, 2020, the Company announced SDTC approved a $10 million contribution for the engineering phase of the Project. The SDTC funding was subject to successful negotiation of a Project Funding Agreement (\"PFA\") with SDTC which was concluded on March 30, 2021. The start date for SDTC funding was December 1, 2020 and the Company received the first advance funding of $733,738 ($815,264 less 10% holdback) on April 6, 2021 for completion of the first milestone due to be completed on April 30, 2021 under the agreement.\nOn September 28, 2020, the Company announced that ERA and Titanium signed a contribution agreement for the award of $5 million of grant funding for the Project. A portion of eligible Project costs will be reimbursed with the successful completion of specified milestones outlined in the agreement. Of the total grant funding from ERA, $2.0 million is available for the engineering phase of the Project with the balance of $3.0 million available for the procurement and construction phases.\nEngineering validation and optimization activities by the internal Project engineering team continued throughout the year and are continuing into the first half of 2021. The activities have been mainly focused on the concentrator facility with the objective of improving operability, enhancing environmental performance and reducing capital and operating costs. The work includes changes to the plot plan to increase modularization, relocating certain equipment and reducing building sizes; the addition of a vapor recovery unit to the flotation circuit; the review of certain alternate types of equipment and the addition of a tailings thickener which will process and remediate the tailings from the concentrator. The Project team expects to conclude the optimization phase of concentrator engineering in the second quarter of 2021.\nMinerals testing and analysis of larger tailings samples commenced in the third quarter of 2020 and is ongoing to provide current data for the engineering design of the minerals facility. In the fourth quarter, optimization engineering commenced for the minerals facility and will continue into 2021. IHC Robbins, an expert minerals engineering firm, who have been providing engineering services to the Company throughout research and development (“R&D”) and front-end engineering (“FEED”) programs, have been contracted for design of the minerals facility process flowsheet to incorporate production of a high-quality zircon sand concentrate and a high TiO2 ilmenite product and other modifications. The engineering unit of FWS Group is working in collaboration with IHC Robbins to engineer the non-process aspects of the minerals facility building and utilities, as well as full engineering for the minerals product handling transload facility.\nPrior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company conducted technical marketing and testing programs including meeting with potential minerals processors and customers, visiting their facilities, and providing minerals samples for customer testing. Based on results and feedback from these activities, the Company has adjusted its plans for the production of minerals products. The Company has identified an opportunity to produce a high TiO2 ilmenite product for the North America pigment industry. This ilmenite product will have a TiO2 content of up to 72%. Work is underway to redesign the minerals flowsheet to incorporate production of this new product and redesign the minerals facility. This would enable the recovery of ilmenite which was rejected in previous flowsheets.\nIn response to the uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting delays to the Project, the Company implemented salary reductions in the range of 15% to 20% effective April 1, 2020 for fiscal 2020 and minimized external expenditures in all areas to preserve cash. In addition, the Company significantly reduced incentive pay for 2020, paid in Q1 2021, by 56% for an overall reduction of management compensation of 26%. The Company is also continuing its other cash conservation programs including those under which management and directors receive a portion or all of their compensation and fees in restricted share units (\"RSUs\") and deferred share units (\"DSUs\"), respectively. However, due to equity plan limits, no DSUs have been issued to directors in the current year for settlement of director fees, however director fees have been accrued and are reflected as part of the deferred compensation liability on the balance sheet. There have been no RSUs issued to management during the current year due to equity plan limits and the Company has suspended accruing a portion of variable management compensation to be settled with RSUs until such time the Company has the capacity to settle. This program was aimed to conserve cash and align management and the Board of Directors (\"Board\") with shareholder interests. Since the inception of the program in 2015, the Company's directors have been receiving 100% of their compensation in DSUs in lieu of cash compensation. To date, $3.9 million in management and Board cash compensation has been conserved through the program.\nOn July 27, 2020, the Company announced Mr. Bruce Griffin assumed the role of Chair of the Commercialization Committee of the Board (the \"Committee\") of the Company. Mr. Griffin, who is currently a member of the Committee, replaced Mr. David Macdonald. Mr. Macdonald has been the Chair of the Committee since 2017 and will continue as a member of the Committee.\nTitanium is focused on achieving long-term financial success by implementing its innovative CVW™ technologies in commercial operations at oil sands sites. With the FEED portion of the Project completed, the Company is working with Canadian Natural on engineering validation and optimization and planning for the potential implementation of its technology at Canadian Natural's Horizon site. However, until Project activities are completed to the satisfaction of the parties, commercial arrangements and investment decisions are made, and facilities constructed and operating, the Company expects to continue to incur losses. Currently, quarterly (income)/losses are comprised of R&D project costs, recovery of project costs, and general and administrative (“G&A”) expenditures.\nNet Income (Loss) – For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company had net loss $3.4 million as compared to net income of $3,250 for the year ended December 31, 2019. R&D project costs were higher in the current year due to the validation and optimization engineering work underway with Canadian Natural which was offset by lower G&A expenses due to costs reduction initiatives. For the year ended December 31, 2019 the recovery of Project contributions in respect of the FEED ($3.5 million) and a SR&ED tax credit ($71,000) exceeded total R&D costs of $1.6 million which resulted in a net recovery of $2.0 million for R&D. This R&D recovery offset G&A expense of $2.0 million during the year resulting in $3,250 net income reported. For a development stage company, and given the timing of Project contributions, in respect of the FEED, the net income reported was in line with expectations.\nResearch & Development – R&D spending in the current quarter consisted primarily of compensation for technical staff, on-going minerals testing and evaluations, and the Company’s share of joint Project costs for engineering work by Canadian Natural. Compensation and deferred compensation costs were lower due to the salary reduction initiatives implemented on April 1, 2020 to preserve cash due to uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic and oil price collapse impacting the timing of the Project. Project costs were higher by $0.3 million for the three-month period ended December 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due to minerals product development, ongoing testing and the Company’s share of joint Project costs for engineering work by Canadian Natural. For the year ended December 31, 2020, R&D costs were higher by $0.2 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. This increase is primarily related to higher Project costs for the year ended December 31, 2020 offset by reductions in compensation and benefits described above. Some of the R&D costs incurred in 2020 were eligible for cost recovery under ERA and NRCan’s contribution agreements. Subsequent to year end, the Company applied for and received $0.3 million as its share of funding from these agencies. This cost recovery will be recorded in the first quarter of 2021, consistent with the accounting policy of recognizing government funding once approval is received for the related milestones.\nGeneral & Administrative – For the year ended December 31, 2020, G&A expenses were 20% lower at $1.6 million compared with $2.0 million in the comparable 2019 period. Management implemented voluntary salary reductions effective April 1, 2020 and significantly reduced other variable compensation to preserve cash and deal with the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the economic uncertainty. Professional fees in the quarter increased due to legal costs related to contract reviews for grant funding and cost sharing agreements offset by significantly reduced travel expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the increase in consulting and professional fees related to legal fees for shareholder matters, regulatory reporting requirements due to the COVID-19 pandemic and legal reviews of government funding and cost sharing agreements. Investor relations costs increased during the year due to costs related to hosting the annual and special shareholder meeting in a virtual format to comply with public health measures and guidelines resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Deferred and equity-based compensation costs were lower for the year ended December 31, 2020 as the Company did not grant stock options in the current fiscal year and voluntarily reduced variable compensation programs. These on-going initiatives together with rent reductions, group benefit premium reductions, workers compensation premiums refunds and other initiatives have reduced G&A throughout the year.\nCash Position – The Company had an aggregate of $2.7 million at December 31, 2020 consisting of cash and interest-bearing cash accounts as compared to $5.1 million at December 31, 2019. The decrease in cash and short-term investments of $2.4 million is the result of funding the Company’s validation and optimization engineering program with Canadian Natural, general and administrative and public company expenditures. The ability of the Company to cover normal operating costs and engineering programs will depend on the amount of future programs and the amount of government funding the Company is able to apply to those programs and the ability to attract external financing. Once there is more certainty with respect to the next phase of the project and the supporting government funding, the Company will evaluate the funding requirements to determine the additional capital required within the next 12 months to support the continued development of the Project.\nTo view the Company’s management’s discussion and analysis and audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, please visit our website at www.titaniumcorporation.com or SEDAR at www.sedar.com.\nSHAREHOLDER MEETING\nThe record date for shareholders to receive notice and be entitled to vote at the Meeting is May 3, 2021. Further information will be included in the Company's management information circular in respect of the Meeting, which is expected to be mailed to shareholders and filed under the Company's profile on www.sedar.com in mid-May and will also be made available on the Company's website at www.titaniumcorporation.com.\nAbout Titanium Corporation Inc.\nTitanium Corporation’s CVW™ technology provides sustainable solutions to reduce the environmental footprint of the oil sands industry. Our technology reduces the environmental impact of oil sands froth treatment tailings while economically recovering valuable products that would otherwise be lost. CVW™ recovers bitumen, solvents, heavy minerals and water from tailings, preventing these commodities from entering tailings ponds and the atmosphere: volatile organic compound and greenhouse gas emissions are materially reduced; hot tailings water is improved in quality for recycling; and residual tailings can be thickened more readily. A new minerals industry would be created commencing with the production and export of zircon, an essential ingredient in ceramics. The Company’s shares trade on the TSX-V under the symbol “TIC”. For more information please visit the Company’s website at www.titaniumcorporation.com.\nDisclosure regarding forward-looking information\nThis news release contains forward-looking statements and information within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively, \"forward-looking information\") that reflect the current expectations of management about the future results, performance, achievements, prospects or opportunities for Titanium, including statements relating to the occurrence and timing of future steps with respect to the CVW™ Horizon Project, including the Project activities and the factors that are expected to affect such occurrence and timing; the continued effective collaboration between the Company and Canadian Natural; the Company's ongoing engagement with its business partners and government funding agencies; the ability of the Company to continue to make steady progress with the joint team on the optimization/validation engineering phase of the Project, despite the decline in economic activity in 2020 and into 2021 and the cancellation or suspension of many new oil sands projects; the Company's continuing cash conservation program; the Company's ongoing evaluation of financing opportunities, including grant and financing opportunities from applicable government programs; the terms of agreements entered into with certain government agencies; the effect of market conditions and the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company; and the advantages of the Company's technology in assisting with the recovery of the energy industry in Alberta and Canada. This forward-looking information generally can be identified by use of forward-looking words such as \"may\", \"will\", \"expect\", \"estimate\", \"anticipate\", \"believe\", \"project\", \"should\" or \"continue\" or the negative thereof or similar variations. Forward-looking information is presented in this news release for the purpose of assisting investors and others in understanding certain key elements of our financial results and business plan, as well as our objectives, strategic priorities and business outlook, and in obtaining a better understanding of our anticipated operating environment. Readers are cautioned that such forward-looking information may not be appropriate for other purposes.\nForward-looking information, by its very nature, is subject to inherent risks and uncertainties and is based on many assumptions, both general and specific, which give rise to the possibility that actual results or events could differ materially from our expectations expressed in or implied by such forward-looking information and that our business outlook, objectives, plans and strategic priorities may not be achieved. Macro-economic conditions, including public health concerns (including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent waves) and other geopolitical risks, the condition of the global economy and, specifically, the condition of the crude oil and natural gas industry including the volatility of global crude oil prices, other commodity prices and the decrease in global demand for crude oil as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and the ongoing significant volatility in world markets may adversely impact oil sands producers' program plans, including proceeding with an investment decision in further Project activities or any final investment decision with respect to commercialization, which could materially adversely impact the Company. Additional information on these and other factors are disclosed in our most recently filed management's discussion and analysis, including under the heading “Discussion of Risks”, and in other reports filed with the securities regulatory authorities in Canada from time to time and available on SEDAR (sedar.com).\nIn addition to other factors and assumptions which may be identified in this news release, assumptions have been made regarding, among other things: the condition of the global economy, including trade, public health (including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic) and other geopolitical risks, including the fact that any estimates of Project next steps, as well as the detailed engineering and construction period may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, condition of the global economy and commodity prices, in particular crude oil prices; the stability of the economic and political environment in which the Company operates; the success of the Project activities, including the expected assessment of engineering validation and optimization reviews for next steps as part of the Project activities; the ability of the Company to enter into commercial contracts with oil sands producers and to achieve commercialization of the CVW™ technology, including the anticipated scope of such commercial contracts; the ability of the Company to enter into commercial contracts with other strategic partners in relation to building and operating facilities, as required; the ability of the Company to retain qualified staff; the ability of the Company to obtain financing on acceptable terms, including available grant and financing opportunities from government programs and finalizing funding agreements for such government programs; the translation of the results from the Company's research, pilot programs, Project activities during the FEED, engineering validation and optimization and studies into the results expected on a commercial scale; the belief that the Company's technology will provide important environmental and economic benefits that will assist with the recovery of a resilient and sustainable energy industry in Alberta and Canada; the anticipated timing for the completion of detailed engineering and construction once all Project activities are completed and a final decision to proceed has been made; future crude oil and minerals prices and the impact of lower prices on activity levels and cost savings of oil sands producers; the impact of increasing competition; the ability to protect and maintain the Company's intellectual property; currency, exchange and interest rates; the regulatory framework regarding royalties, taxes and environmental matters in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates; and the ability of the Company to successfully market its CVW™ technology.\nThe Company has not commercially demonstrated its technologies and there can be no assurance that our research, pilot programs, Project activities during the FEED, engineering validation and optimization and related studies will prove to be accurate nor that such commercialization efforts will be successful, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those expected or estimated in such forward-looking information. As a result, we cannot guarantee that any forward-looking information will materialize and we caution you against relying on any of this forward-looking information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information.\nThe forward-looking information contained in this news release describes our expectations as of April 27, 2021 and, accordingly, is subject to change after such date. Except as may be required by Canadian securities laws, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information contained in this news release, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.\nNeither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.\nScott Nelson\nJennifer Kaufield\nVice President Finance & CFO\nEmail: snelson@titaniumcorporation.com\njkaufield@titaniumcorporation.com\nView next (May 3, 2021)","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1339615"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6736019849777222,"wiki_prob":0.32639801502227783,"text":"Some clarifications\nI should probably clarify a few things about the hacked servers.\nOn (or about) August 24th, my shell account was compromised. This was most likely due to using a compromised Windows system (wth a keyboard logger) or a Trojaned version of puTTY.exe (an ssh program freely available for Windows). Not much you can do except attempt to minimize the damage. Mark and I do have differences of opinion on how to handle cracking attacks (I tend to be optimistic about such things; Mark isn't) which caused most of the problems we've had (and still have, by the way). Since the server was Mark's he felt it best for everybody on the server to move their sites elsewhere and take the server down (I now suspect it'll never go back up).\nI found no evidance that the machine had been compromised, but Mark thought otherwise. So I moved my sites off to one of the servers I administrate (the ones I had problems with Russian hackers doing denial of service attacks against).\nA bit of background on this set of servers. I was hired to administrate four servers—two in Boca Raton (the same facility as Mark's server) and two down in Miami (at the Nap of the Americas). One of the Boca servers had hardware problems so it was decomissioned. Over the past few months I've backed up the sites across each server so that if one goes down, the remaining ones can take over (not automatically, but easily enough). Durring Hurricane Frances' advance towards us, one of the Miami servers crashed. The decision was made to leave it down there until after Hurricane Frances and have the other Miami server pick up the slack (easy enough to do). At the time we weren't certain why the machine crashed, but it did (later on, it was theorized that it crashed during a “test run” of taking the machine down).\nThe server I moved my sites to was the other Miami server, as I felt that stood a better chance of weathering Hurricane Frances.\nOn September 8th, the Boca server was compromised.\nI honestly feel that the Boca server compromised had nothing to do with Mark's server being compromised. All the websites on the Boca server were deleted, and everything pointed to a single page, giving a shout out to a known person that worked with (or for) the company who had the majority of sites on the Boca server. Also, the Boca server had a certain class of sites on them, one where the updating of the sites was under less control than previously realized (at least by me). And given some evidence (found later on one of the other servers) it appears that the cracker in question had the actual log in information for some of the sites (about half a dozen, and none of them my account) so it points to some form of inside job (again, not much you can do in that case, other than preventing other sites from being wiped out, but this was all found out after the case).\nThings were still in place from our preparations for Hurricane Frances (to switch the sites to one or the other server in case of power loss) so I simply enabled the deleted websites on the Miami server, and went in to the Boca facility to retrieve the now dead server. It was during this time that the Miami server was compromised and all the sites (every last site) were deleted.\nLater on, I found out that the attacks were timed for the start of the NFL season which is important since the company who has the majority of sites is a gambling/gaming company and the start of the NFL season is an important time of year.\nNow, can I say for sure that the compromise of Mark's server was unrelated to the compromised of the other servers? No. Not 100%. Is it likely they're unrelated? Yes. At least in my opinion.\nBut in the meantime, the servers have been reconfigured and partitioned off with the hope that such an attack will have a less chance of success. The number of accounts has been drastically reduced and of the accounts remaining, the passwords have been changed. The servers are now running the latest version of everything. Will these servers be compromised again? There's always a chance. But hopefully, with some of the changes put in, the damage will be severely limited in scope.\nI'm optimistic about that.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line419462"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.942245364189148,"wiki_prob":0.942245364189148,"text":"By TronFAQ on Saturday, December 12, 2009 at 9:30 PM\nThe full length trailer for the TRON Legacy game was shown tonight on the 2009 Spike TV VGA Awards. Surprisingly, the new trailer contained very little content from the previous brief one. So the screenshots I took in a previous article are still some of the only clues as to what we can expect in the game.\nEven more surprisingly, the game is going to be called TRON Evolution instead of the more logical and expected TRON Legacy: The Game.\nThe trailer has confirmed that Disney's Propaganda Games division is working on the game. Something that's been long suspected. But still no commitment to platforms.\nNotice that the trailer contains the phrase \"Before the Legacy starts\". This implies the events of the game probably take place just before the movie sequel.\nIf I find a source for a higher quality version of the video in the future, I'll update this article. Thanks still go out to Tocen for the original video on YouTube, and HooDooMan for finding it.\nUPDATE 1: The inevitable high quality version of the trailer has appeared on GameTrailers.com and I've embedded it above. Platforms have now been confirmed. PC, 360, and PS3. Just like I said in this previous article.\nNow as long as Disney and Propaganda don't hand off the PC version to be ported by a terrible studio such as Aspyr (like they did with the awful PC version of Turok), maybe there's hope yet.\nThen again, aside from the usual stupid and lame comments you'd expect to find on GameTrailers: one stood out that got my attention.\nI'm proud to say I have a friend that's doing effective work on this game. I'm actually curious to see how this'll turn out in the end. (yes, they're outsourcing graphics work to Romania studios...imagine that)\n- Comment from user SlaveZero on GameTrailers.com\nHmm, not sure what to make of that. I'll take it with a grain of salt, but sounds like they're outsourcing to shave costs already. Not necessarily a good sign for a PC version (done on the cheap), or the game as a whole regardless of version.\nUPDATE 2: Disney Interactive issued a press release today (December 14th, 2009) about the game. I read \"Holiday 2010\" as being around Thanksgiving time (late November to early December).\nDecember 14, 2009 06:00 AM Eastern Time\nThe Game Grid Awaits New Combatants -- Disney Interactive Studios Announces TRON: Evolution, the Video Game\nVideo Game Will Provide One of the Keys to Unlocking TRON Mythology before the Opening of Major 2010 Action Adventure Film – “TRON: Legacy”\nBURBANK, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The digital world of TRON is awaiting a new participant. Disney Interactive Studios today announced the development of TRON: Evolution, the video game. TRON: Evolution is an action/adventure game being created for the Xbox 360® video game and entertainment system from Microsoft, PLAYSTATION®3 computer entertainment system and Windows PC. Developed by Propaganda Games, Disney Interactive Studios’ action and role-playing game studio in Vancouver, British Columbia, TRON: Evolution is scheduled for release in Holiday 2010 before the “TRON: Legacy” film arrives in theaters.\nSet during the era between the two TRON films, TRON: Evolution conveys the story of significant events within the TRON mythology. The game features an epic adventure across a massive digital world filled with high-mobility disc-based combat and advanced light cycles.\nTRON: Evolution is one of the keys to unlocking the TRON mythology. The game’s story takes place before the “TRON: Legacy” events and provides insight into the film’s past. As an integrated entertainment experience, the film will reference elements of the game’s story. Fans will want to play the game to learn more about the TRON mythology seen in the film, but each entertainment experience will stand on its own.\n“We expect TRON: Evolution to be a premier action-focused game that both stands on its own and supplements a major event film,” said Dan Tudge, vice president and general manager, Propaganda Games. “Because Propaganda Games is based in Vancouver, which was the site of the film’s principal photography, we were able to leverage the proximity to continuously collaborate with the filmmakers and ensure authenticity between the two projects.”\n“TRON: Legacy” film director Joseph Kosinski consulted on the vision for the debut video game trailer, which includes computer graphics that were created by the same company that will provide the film’s CG animations. Kosinski will advise on the game’s vision during 2010 to ensure accuracy with the film. In addition to directing “TRON: Legacy,” Kosinski is renowned in the video games industry as having directed prolific feature film-quality game trailers for major product releases.\n“The collaboration between the video game development studio and the film creators is exceptional,” said Sean Bailey, producer, “TRON: Legacy.” “From the ongoing discussions between the filmmakers and the game developers, TRON: Evolution should enhance and expand the mythology and the world of ‘TRON: Legacy.’”\nAs part of the connection between the game and film, actress Olivia Wilde stars as Quorra in TRON: Evolution. Wilde’s voice and likeness as Quorra will provide players with another direct link to the film as they discover how earlier events within the world of TRON shape her character’s future.\n“TRON is the most revered video game-inspired film property of all time,” said Craig Relyea, senior vice president of global marketing, Disney Interactive Studios. “TRON: Evolution, the video game, will enhance the TRON experience for existing fans of the franchise as well as an entirely new audience.”\nTRON: Evolution and “TRON: Legacy” are brand new entries in the TRON franchise, updating the unique world for this millennium. The cross-platform franchise being created around the “TRON: Legacy” film will transcend media platforms throughout Disney. The revolutionary 1982 film “TRON” catapulted video games into mainstream consciousness and contributed to the industry’s rapid growth and global success. The original film inspired arcade games and video game releases, making TRON a highly successful multi-format franchise.\nTRON: Evolution is Rating Pending from the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB).\nAbout “TRON: Legacy”\n“TRON: Legacy” is a 3D high-tech adventure set in a digital world that’s unlike anything ever captured on the big screen. Sam Flynn (Garrett Hedlund), the tech-savvy 27-year-old son of Kevin Flynn (Jeff Bridges), looks into his father’s disappearance and finds himself pulled into the digital world of TRON where his father has been living for 25 years. Along with Kevin’s loyal confidant Quorra (Olivia Wilde), father and son embark on a life-and-death journey of escape across a visually-stunning cyber universe that has become far more advanced and exceedingly dangerous. “TRON: Legacy” is scheduled to arrive in theaters on December 17, 2010.\nAbout Propaganda Games\nPropaganda Games is Disney Interactive Studios’ premier action and role-playing game developer. Based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Propaganda specializes in great stories, immersive worlds and meaningful choices. Propaganda created the platinum-selling 2008 game Turok and is currently developing two major releases slated for 2010: Pirates of the Caribbean: Armada of the Damned and TRON: Evolution. Propaganda was founded in 2005 and acquired by Disney the same year. For more information, log on to http://www.propagandagames.com.\nAbout Disney Interactive Studios\nDisney Interactive Studios, part of Disney Interactive Media Group, is the interactive entertainment affiliate of The Walt Disney Company (NYSE: DIS). Disney Interactive Studios self publishes and distributes a broad portfolio of multi-platform video games, mobile games and interactive entertainment worldwide. The company also licenses properties and works directly with other interactive game publishers to bring products for all ages to market. Disney Interactive Studios is based in Glendale, California, and has internal development studios around the world. For more information, log on to http://www.disneyinteractivestudios.com.\n© Disney. Product name, release date and features may be subject to change.\nUPDATE 3: A couple of screenshots were also distributed to the media, along with the press release.\nThanks to Mr. Sinistar for finding them.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1323357"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7104696035385132,"wiki_prob":0.2895303964614868,"text":"The 20 Best Toxic Shock Syndrome Doctors Near Me\nFind the Top Toxic Shock Syndrome Experts\n7,249 doctors found\nUniversity Of Rome\nAnesthesiological And Cardiovascular Sciences\nRome, IT\nAndrea Morelli is in Rome, Italy. Morelli is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. She is also highly rated in 5 other conditions, according to our data. Her top areas of expertise are Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, Hypovolemic Shock, and Low Blood Pressure.\nDjillali Annane\nHôpital Raymond Poincaré\nParis, FR\nDjillali Annane is an Intensive Care Medicine expert in Paris, France. Annane is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 26 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Hypovolemic Shock, and Addison's Disease.\nAnders Perner\nCopenhagen, DK\nAnders Perner is in Copenhagen, Denmark. Perner is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 14 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, Hypovolemic Shock, and Gastrointestinal Bleeding.\nDr. Anand R. Kumar\n1 Cooper Plz\nCamden, NJ 8103\nAnand Kumar is an Infectious Disease doctor in Camden, New Jersey. Dr. Kumar is rated as an Elite doctor by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 25 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, Hypovolemic Shock, and H1N1 Influenza. He is licensed to treat patients in New Jersey.\nGlenn A. Hernandez\nSantiago, RM, CL\nGlenn Hernandez is in Santiago, Chile. Hernandez is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 4 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, Hypovolemic Shock, and Low Blood Pressure.\nDr. Hector R. Wong\nIntensive Care Medicine | Pediatrics\nCincinnati Childrens Burnet Campus\nHector Wong is an Intensive Care Medicine specialist and a Pediatrics doctor in Cincinnati, Ohio. Dr. Wong has been practicing medicine for over 33 years and is rated as an Elite doctor by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 7 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Acute Kidney Failure, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. He is licensed to treat patients in Ohio. Dr. Wong is currently accepting new patients.\nJean-louis L. Vincent\nJean-louis Vincent is an Intensive Care Medicine expert in Brussels, Belgium. Vincent is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 21 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Hypovolemic Shock, and Low Blood Pressure.\nDr. Mitchell M. Levy\nIntensive Care Medicine | Internal Medicine\nUniversity Medicine\n593 Eddy St\nProvidence, RI 2903\nMitchell Levy is an Intensive Care Medicine specialist and an Internal Medicine doctor in Providence, Rhode Island. Dr. Levy has been practicing medicine for over 45 years and is rated as an Elite doctor by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 2 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Pneumonia, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. He is board certified in Internal Medicine and Critical Care (Intensivists) and licensed to treat patients in Rhode Island. Dr. Levy is currently accepting new patients.\nFabienne Venet\nHôpital Edouard Herriot\nLyon, FR\nFabienne Venet is in Lyon, France. Venet is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. She is also highly rated in 3 other conditions, according to our data. Her top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Hypovolemic Shock, and COVID-19.\nDaniel P. De Backer\nDaniel De Backer is an Intensive Care Medicine expert in Brussels, Belgium. De Backer is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 9 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Hypovolemic Shock, Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, and Low Blood Pressure.\nLauralyn A. Mcintyre\nOttawa, ON, CA\nLauralyn Mcintyre is in Ottawa, Canada. Mcintyre is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. She is also highly rated in 5 other conditions, according to our data. Her top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Hypovolemic Shock, and Low Blood Pressure.\nSebastian W. Rehberg\nProtestant Hospital Of Bethel Foundation\nBielefeld, NW, DE\nSebastian Rehberg is in Bielefeld, Germany. Rehberg is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 4 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, Hypovolemic Shock, and Low Blood Pressure.\nGuillaume Monneret\nImmunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital\nGuillaume Monneret is in Lyon, France. Monneret is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 4 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Hypovolemic Shock, and COVID-19.\nJohn C. Marshall\nSt. Michael's Hospital\nJohn Marshall is in Toronto, Canada. Marshall is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 17 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Hypovolemic Shock, and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.\nPierre Asfar\nAngers University Hospital\nAngers, FR 49933\nPierre Asfar is in Angers, France. Asfar is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 7 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, Low Blood Pressure, and Hypovolemic Shock.\nBruno L. Levy\nUniversité De Lorraine\nNancy, FR 54000\nBruno Levy is in Nancy, France. Levy is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 9 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Cardiogenic Shock, Hypovolemic Shock, Toxic Shock Syndrome, and Sepsis.\nErasme Hospital\nBrussels, BRU, BE 1070\nJean-louis Vincent is in Brussels, Belgium. Vincent is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. They are also highly rated in 7 other conditions, according to our data. Their top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and Hypovolemic Shock.\nAnne Tristan\nInstitut Des Agents Infectieux\nAnne Tristan is in Lyon, France. Tristan is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. She is also highly rated in 5 other conditions, according to our data. Her top areas of expertise are Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Sepsis, and Impetigo.\nThomas Rimmele\nThomas Rimmele is in Lyon, France. Rimmele is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 6 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Acute Kidney Failure, and Hypovolemic Shock.\nDr. Paul E. Marik\nPulmonary Medicine | Intensive Care Medicine\nEVMS Pulmonary And Critical Care\n855 W Brambleton Ave\nPaul Marik is a Pulmonary Medicine specialist and an Intensive Care Medicine doctor in Norfolk, Virginia. Dr. Marik has been practicing medicine for over 41 years and is rated as a Distinguished doctor by MediFind in the treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 22 other conditions, according to our data. His top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Scurvy, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. He is board certified in Pulmonary Disease, Critical Care (Intensivists), and Internal Medicine and licensed to treat patients in Pennsylvania and Virginia. Dr. Marik is currently accepting new patients.\nBehind the Toxic Shock Syndrome List\nMediFind is the industry authority on identifying the leading medical experts and latest research in order to help patients facing complex health challenges, including Toxic Shock Syndrome, make better health decisions. Leveraging our expertise in natural language processing and machine learning across thousands of diseases, we uncover physicians who are leading authorities on Toxic Shock Syndrome. MediFind identifies these experts using proprietary world-class models that assess over 2.5 million global doctors based on a range of variables, including research leadership, patient volume, peer standing, and connectedness to other experts. Learn more about our methodology by exploring how MediFind works.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1661483"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8526321053504944,"wiki_prob":0.8526321053504944,"text":"Perhaps the most enduring of all Greek myths is the story of Perseus and Andromeda, the original version of George and the dragon. Its heroine is beautiful Andromeda (Ἀνδρομέδα in Greek), the daughter of the weak King Cepheus of Ethiopia and the vain Queen Cassiopeia, whose boastfulness knew no bounds.\nAndromeda’s misfortunes began one day when her mother claimed that she was more beautiful even than the Nereids, a particularly alluring group of sea nymphs. The affronted Nereids decided that Cassiopeia’s vanity had finally gone too far and they asked Poseidon, the sea god, to teach her a lesson.\nIn retribution, Poseidon sent a terrible monster (some say also a flood) to ravage the coast of King Cepheus’s territory. Dismayed at the destruction, and with his subjects clamouring for action, the beleaguered Cepheus appealed to the Oracle of Ammon for a solution. He was told that he must sacrifice his virgin daughter to appease the monster.\nHence the blameless Andromeda came to be chained to a rock to atone for the sins of her mother, who watched from the shore with bitter remorse. The site of this event is said to have been on the Mediterranean coast at Joppa (Jaffa), the modern Tel-Aviv. As Andromeda stood on the wave-lashed cliffs, pale with terror and weeping pitifully at her impending fate, the hero Perseus happened by, fresh from his exploit of beheading Medusa the Gorgon.\nHis heart was captivated by the sight of the frail beauty in distress below.\nThe Roman poet Ovid tells us in his book the Metamorphoses that Perseus at first almost mistook her for a marble statue. Only the wind ruffling her hair and the warm tears on her cheeks showed that she was human. Perseus asked her name and why she was chained there.\nShy Andromeda, totally different in character from her vainglorious mother, did not at first reply; even though awaiting a horrible death in the monster’s slavering jaws, she would have hidden her face modestly in her hands, had they not been bound to the rock.\nPerseus persisted in his questioning. Eventually, afraid that her silence might be misinterpreted as guilt, she told Perseus her story, but broke off with a scream as she saw the monster breasting through the waves towards her.\nPausing politely to ask the permission of her parents for Andromeda’s hand in marriage, Perseus swooped down, slew the sea-dragon with his diamond sword, released the swooning girl to the enthusiastic applause of the onlookers and claimed her for his bride.\nAndromeda later bore Perseus six children including Perses, ancestor of the Persians, and Gorgophonte, father of Tyndareus, king of Sparta.\nIt is said that the Greek goddess Athene placed Andromeda’s image among the stars, where she lies between Perseus and her mother Cassiopeia. Only the constellation Pisces, the Fishes, separates her from the Sea Monster, Cetus.\nStars in Andromeda – and a spiral galaxy\nStar maps picture Andromeda with her hands in chains. Her head is marked by the second-magnitude star Alpha Andromedae, originally shared with neighbouring Pegasus. In fact, in the Almagest Ptolemy listed this star not under Andromeda but Pegasus, where it marked the horse’s navel, although he acknowledged that it was ‘common to the head of Andromeda’.\nThe star is now assigned exclusively to Andromeda but echoes of its dual identity live on in its two alternative names of Alpheratz and Sirrah which come respectively from the Arabic al-faras, meaning ‘the horse’, and surrat, meaning ‘navel’.\nThe girl’s waist is marked by the star Beta Andromedae, also called Mirach, a name corrupted from the Arabic al-mi’zar meaning ‘the girdle’ or ‘loin cloth’. Ptolemy described it as ‘the southernmost of the three stars over the girdle’.\nHer left foot is marked by Gamma Andromedae, whose name is variously spelled Almach, Almaak, or Alamak, from the Arabic al-’anaq, referring to the desert lynx or caracal which the old Arabs visualized here. Through small telescopes this is a beautiful twin star of contrasting yellow and blue colours. The star described by Ptolemy as lying in Andromeda’s right foot is now just within the modern borders of Perseus, where it is known as Phi Persei.\nThe most celebrated object in the constellation is the great spiral galaxy M31, positioned on Andromeda’s right hip, where it is visible as an elongated blur to the naked eye on clear nights. M31 is a whirlpool of stars similar to our own Milky Way.\nAt a distance of around 2.5 million light years, the Andromeda Galaxy is the farthest object visible to the naked eye. Discovery of this object is attributed to the Arabic astronomer al-Sufi, who first mentioned it in his Book of the Fixed Stars (c. AD 964).\n[1] \"Star Tales\"","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line352194"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9924845099449158,"wiki_prob":0.9924845099449158,"text":"Readers' Letters: Women shortchanged again over pensions\nPMQs: Boris Johnson accused of 'body shaming' SNP Westminster leader Ian Blackford\nWelsh pop legend Bonnie Tyler on her newest album\nBonnie Tyler doesn’t even feel 50 so the fact she’s marking her 50th year in the music industry is somewhat baffling to her.\nBy Lucy Mapstone\nWednesday, 27th March 2019, 6:00 am\nBonnie Tyler. Picture: Tina Korhonen\nShe wasn’t even aware of the massive milestone until after creating her 17th album.\n“When I saw the sticker on the front of my album saying ‘celebrating 50 years in the business’ I was like ‘what the...? That’s incredible’.”\nNow 67, she is rather astounded by her longevity as an artist and she’s also pinching herself over the fact the likes of Sir Cliff Richard and Sir Rod Stewart wanted to work with her on her new album.\nHaving started her career as a singer in 1969, Tyler – who was born Gaynor Hopkins in Skewen, Wales – was discovered by a talent scout and scored a record deal in the mid-1970s.\nShe went on to release a number of albums, although it was her fifth release, 1983’s Faster Than the Speed of Night – a trans-Atlantic number one hit and Grammy-nominated effort – that made the raspy-voiced singer a household name with breakout hit single Total Eclipse Of The Heart.\nOther hit songs followed, such as Holding Out For a Hero and A Rockin’ Good Way (To Mess Around and Fall In Love) with Shakin’ Stevens.\nAs much as she did not acknowledge her own landmark anniversary, Tyler also didn’t ever dream she’d be releasing album number 17, Between the Earth and the Stars.\nIt wasn’t even planned, she says. She thought that perhaps her 16th album, 2013’s Rocks And Honey, was her last.\nHer speaking voice as distinctively husky as when she’s belting out one of her hits, she says: “I was only going to do three songs that a friend of mine wrote that I really loved.”\nTyler’s original plan was to record three new songs with David Mackay, who produced her first two albums in the late 1970s, and put them on a re-release of Rocks And Honey.\n“But things just started happening – like it was fate, you know?” she adds.\nOne of those “things”, as she calls them, was the interest of Status Quo’s Francis Rossi, who was played the three new tracks by Mackay and was so entranced by them he suggested he and Tyler duet on a song called Someone’s Rockin’ Your Heart.\n“It was good fun doing that with him – he’s a laugh a minute, he is,” Tyler says.\n“There’s still some laughing kept on the track, because we were having such a good time in the studio.”\nTyler then shares how three musical giants – Sir Rod Stewart, Sir Barry Gibb and Sir Cliff Richard – got involved.\n“David knew he would be meeting up with Sir Barry Gibb at Wimbledon and he asked him if he had a song for me,” Tyler says.\n“A couple of months later, a beautiful song came in from Sir Barry, Seven Waves Away, which made it on to the album.”\n“And then,” she continues, settling into her story, “I had an opportunity to do a duet with Sir Rod Stewart. It’s always been a dream of mine.”\nTyler, who has previously been dubbed the “female Rod Stewart” due to her throaty vocals, says she emailed Sir Rod after being encouraged by a friend of his she met on holiday in Barbados.\nShe recounts: “I was waiting for the right song and then a track called Battle of the Sexes came around.\n“I emailed Rod, asking if he’d listen to the song, and he came back personally to me a few days later telling me he loved it.”\nThen there’s the song with Sir Cliff, a dear friend.\n“We both have houses in Portugal and he was at my house before we were going out for dinner with friends,” Tyler says.\n“I played him this collection of songs and he was like, ‘Wow Bonnie, this is fantastic – let’s do a duet’.\n“We got the right song, Taking Control, and he loved it on the very first listen.”\n“I can’t believe they all wanted to work with me, it’s incredible,” she says.\n“I feel blessed. To work with those guys.”\nWith the #MeToo movement in mind and the ongoing conversation around female representation, it’s difficult not to ask someone who has been in music for as long as she has for her take.\nHas she ever had to fight her way through to be heard? Was it difficult for her to break through in a man’s world?\n“Not really, no,” comes her simple reply.\n“I think it’s because I’ve got this rock voice, you know? And I’ve had my fair share of headlining ... it’s been incredible. I’m not complaining.”\nBonnie Tyler’s Between the Earth and the Stars is out now.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line591462"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7024778127670288,"wiki_prob":0.7024778127670288,"text":"Jason Ritter\nPage views of Jason Ritters by language »\nAmong ACTORS In United States »\nJason Morgan Ritter (born February 17, 1980) is an American actor and producer. He is known for his roles as Kevin Girardi in the television series Joan of Arcadia, Ethan Haas in The Class, Sean Walker in the NBC series The Event, Dipper Pines in Gravity Falls, and Pat Rollins in Raising Dion. He also played the recurring role of Mark Cyr in the NBC television series Parenthood, for which he received an Emmy Award nomination. Read more on Wikipedia\nSince 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Jason Ritter has received more than 7,271,122 page views. His biography is available in 25 different languages on Wikipedia. Jason Ritter is the 8,503rd most popular actor (down from 7,695th in 2019), the 13,001st most popular biography from United States (down from 10,624th in 2019) and the 4,346th most popular American Actor.\nPage views of Jason Ritters by language\nAmong actors, Jason Ritter ranks 8,503 out of 10,030. Before him are María Adánez, Tuc Watkins, Tammin Sursok, Aaron Yoo, Jessica Henwick, and Paul Walter Hauser. After him are Kevin Hooks, Isild Le Besco, Bonnie Franklin, Russell Tovey, Olga Buzova, and Patrick Fugit.\nMaría Adánez\nPaul Walter Hauser\nKevin Hooks\nIsild Le Besco\nBonnie Franklin\nOlga Buzova\nAmong people born in 1980, Jason Ritter ranks 503. Before him are Fábio, Shawn Fanning, Andy Ram, Karen Asrian, Mercedes McNab, and Sergio García. After him are Andrija Žižić, Sara Maldonado, Alexey Voyevoda, Eduardo Francisco de Silva Neto, Roda Antar, and Serhiy Nazarenko.\nShawn Fanning\nAndy Ram\nKaren Asrian\nMercedes McNab\nSergio García\nAndrija Žižić\nAlexey Voyevoda\nEduardo Francisco de Silva Neto\nSerhiy Nazarenko\nAmong people born in United States, Jason Ritter ranks 13,001 out of 15,968. Before him are Kimberly Peirce (1967), Steven Smith (1958), Aaron Yoo (1979), Mary Fallin (1954), Paul Walter Hauser (1986), and Maria Kanellis (1982). After him are Chandler Parsons (1988), Kevin Hooks (1958), Steven Strogatz (1959), Bonnie Franklin (1944), Kirk Hinrich (1981), and Brian Holland (1941).\nKimberly Peirce\nRank: 12,995\nSteven Smith\nMary Fallin\nChandler Parsons\nSteven Strogatz\nKirk Hinrich\nBrian Holland\nAmong ACTORS In United States\nAmong actors born in United States, Jason Ritter ranks 4,346. Before him are Morgan Brittany (1951), Billy Gardell (1969), Kathy Ireland (1963), Tuc Watkins (1966), Aaron Yoo (1979), and Paul Walter Hauser (1986). After him are Kevin Hooks (1958), Bonnie Franklin (1944), Patrick Fugit (1982), Becca Tobin (1986), George Stults (1975), and Johnny Simmons (1986).\nAmerican born Actors\nBilly Gardell\nBecca Tobin\nGeorge Stults\nJohnny Simmons\nAmerican Actor And Country Music Singer\nAmerican Actress And Model\nAmerican Stand-up Comedian And Actor\nMelanie Lynskey\nNew Zealand Actress\nAmerican Actress, Musician, Author, And Model\nMartha Plimpton\nAmerican Actor, Director, And Producer\nAmerican Actor And Comedian (1948–2003)\nBradley Whitford\nAmerican Actor (B. 1959)\nVincent Kartheiser\nZach Gilford","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line716905"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7837978601455688,"wiki_prob":0.7837978601455688,"text":"HRC Announces Producer and Actor Eugene Lee Yang to Receive Visibility Award\nby Elliott Kozuch • October 17, 2019\nHRC announced that producer, actor and “Try Guys” member Eugene Lee Yang will be the recipient of the HRC Visibility Award at the 35th annual HRC San Francisco Bay Area Gala on Saturday.\nToday, HRC announced that producer, actor and “Try Guys” member Eugene Lee Yang will be the recipient of the HRC Visibility Award at the 35th annual HRC San Francisco Bay Area Gala on Saturday. Yang came out earlier this year in a powerful video, “I'm Gay - Eugene Lee Yang,” which he wrote, directed and choreographed.\n“As an all-star talent and artist, Eugene Lee Yang bravely uses his Try Guys channel platform to lift up the LGBTQ community, celebrate Asian American visibility and open hearts and minds across the United States,” said HRC Foundation Senior Vice President Jay Brown. “The bravery and power of his beautiful coming out video not only broke the internet, it also raised more than $100,000 for LGBTQ youth. We are excited to honor Yang with the HRC Visibility Award at the 2019 HRC San Francisco Bay Area Gala.”\nYang is a producer, actor, director, writer and one of today's most recognizable queer Asian-American performers. His digital work over the past six years as a viral video producer has been viewed billions of times, and he is recognized as one of the world's most culturally influential YouTube creators. In early 2018, he and the comedy quartet The Try Guys launched their own independent production company, 2nd Try, amassing millions of followers with projects including his official coming out video, which raised over $100,000 for The Trevor Project, the national organization providing crisis intervention and suicide prevention services to LGBTQ youth.\nThis summer, The Try Guys headlined their 26-city, international Legends of the Internet Tour, in which Yang highlighted LGBTQ+ pride, and published their first book, The Hidden Power of F*cking Up, a #1 New York Times Best Seller. Additionally, Yang created and executive produced BuzzFeed's inaugural Queer Prom, was included in Logo30 and Gold House's A100 list in 2018 and is currently in development on various television and film projects. Yang took over HRC’s Twitter last year to speak about the importance of LGBTQ representation in storytelling and the power of the LGBTQ vote.\nAlongside Yang, HRC will honor Levi Strauss & Co. with the Corporate Award and John Lake, Vice President, Multicultural Strategy and LGBTQ Segment leader for Wells Fargo, with the Charles M. Holmes Community Service Award. In addition to the honorees, this will be HRC President Alphonso David’s first appearance at the San Francisco Bay Area Gala. American Idol finalist Effie Passero will perform at the event.\nSet to take place at the Hyatt Regency San Francisco, the annual event brings together hundreds of HRC’s most active members and supporters in the San Francisco Bay Area to raise crucial funds in the fight for LGBTQ equality. Tickets and further information are available at https://www.sfhrcgala.org/.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1078370"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5250877737998962,"wiki_prob":0.47491222620010376,"text":"Truck Rental >\nOne Man’s Moving Journey to Help Cure Cancer >\nOne Man’s Moving Journey to Help Cure Cancer\nEach year, thousands of U.S. military families rent moving trucks for their PCS (Permanent Change of Station) moves, also commonly referred to as PPMs – (Personally Procured Moves) -- as the various branches of the military hand out new assignments to active personnel.\nFor Douglas McBroom, 24, a Sgt. in the U.S. Army, this move in the yellow Penske truck is unlike any other he has made. The veteran, who has served in Iraq, is heading home with a purpose.\nHis mother, Michelle, is terminally ill with triple negative breast cancer; Douglas wants to spend her remaining days with “Mommy McBroom” and to raise awareness of the disease.\nThe Army was kind enough to train him as a recruiter (he recently completed courses at Fort Jackson in South Carolina) and allow him to return and work in his hometown of Corpus Christi, Texas. He was stationed at Joint Base Langley-Eustis in Virginia.\nDouglas picked up his 26-foot truck in Newport News, Va., and with the help of a friend, is driving the truck back to Texas.\nThere awaiting him is his wife Ashley and their two young daughters, Kiersten and Payton, and many family members, including McBroom’s parents.\nMcBroom is using part of the trip to raise awareness for triple negative breast cancer, as he intends to bicycle from Mobile, Ala., to Corpus Christi, starting today, as part of a fundraising effort to benefit the Triple Negative Breast Cancer Foundation.\n“We’re not taking any interstates, and we’re riding through small towns on back roads,” he said.\nMcBroom has established a Facebook page to chronicle the trip, where donations can also be made, My Ride for a Cure for Mommy McBroom.\nHe said that his fundraising efforts have been going well, from those he knows and those he has just met. “I’ve received a lot of support from Penske Truck Rental and other companies,” he stated.\nWhen asked why he chose riding a bicycle, he responded: “I’m very athletic and I have been involved with sports…I thought this was the best way to raise awareness.”\nMichelle is touched by her son’s efforts.\n“It’s kind of hard to put it into words,” she said. “Douglas has always done tremendous and I always knew that when he set a goal, he would achieve it. Douglas and I have a very special relationship – I am tremendously proud of my son.”\nDouglas described their warm and unique bond.\n“My mother and I are more friends than mother and son,” he said. “I’ve never hesitated to ask her for advice and she has helped me grow from a boy to a man –she has been my best cheerleader and biggest supporter.\n“She might not have much time left, so I wanted to do something for my mom and other cancer patients.”\nThe McBroom family is looking forward to more family time around the table, sharing and caring.\nPenske provided Douglas McBroom with a complimentary truck rental for one week to support his efforts.\nA feature story on the Penske blog: one man’s moving journey to help cure cancer http://t.co/mvH8tDjG\n— Penske Truck Rental (@Penske Truck Rental) 1347903853.0\nconsumer truck rental dity move do-it-yourself mommy mcbroom permanent change of station personally procured move triple negative breast cancer","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1393191"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.7984560132026672,"wiki_prob":0.7984560132026672,"text":"Etsy Pattern Stores in Loughborough, United Kingdom\nThere is 1 live Etsy Pattern store in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\nIn this report, we'll cover the following essential statistics on Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\nEtsy Pattern growth in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nSocial media usage on Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nContact information on Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nTop categories for Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nTop shipping carriers for Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nTop-level domain distribution for Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nTop Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom\nDownload a complete list of Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom with a paid account.\nTwitter is used by 100.0% of Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\nFacebook is used by 100.0% of Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\nInstagram is used by 100.0% of Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\n100.0% of Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom ship by Royal Mail.\nHere are the top shipping carriers for stores on Etsy Pattern in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\n100.0% of Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom have a .co.uk domain.\nHere is the top-level domain distribution for Etsy Pattern stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom.\nHere are the top stores in Loughborough in the United Kingdom ordered by worldwide store rank.\nwww.sewsofia.co.uk","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1290573"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5209166407585144,"wiki_prob":0.4790833592414856,"text":"Free Meeting\nTaxation of dividends since 6 April 2016\nThe change in the taxation rules relating to company dividends since 6th April has been quite controversial, with many commentators saying that the change is effectively a tax on entrepreneurship, whilst others say that it represents a change that makes the taxation of income of entrepreneurs and director/owners more in line with ordinary employees, who pay PAYE and NICs on their income. Whatever the arguments, the new rules are now in force.\nPrior to 6 April 2016\nPrior to April 2016, dividends were paid to a shareholder along with a tax voucher that contained a “dividend tax credit”, which was an amount that the shareholder was deemed to have paid already in tax on that dividend and could be used to offset part of the shareholder’s tax charge for the year. How it worked was:\nShareholder received a dividend payment of say £900\nThe dividend was grossed up by 100/90% to £1,000 since 10% was deemed to have been taxed at source (ie, £1,000 – 10% tax = £900 net dividend)\nThe shareholder for tax purposes declared the gross dividend of £1,000 on his/her Tax Return but was deemed to have paid £100 or 10% in tax (the dividend tax credit).\nUp to 5 April 2016, dividends were taxed at 10% for basic rate tax payers and 32.5% for higher rate tax payers. However taking into account the dividend tax credit meant that shareholders could receive dividends of up to £42,785 with no further tax to pay. Any amount above this level was taxed at 32.5% (less 10% deemed to have already been paid).\nPost 6 April 2016\nSince 6 April 2016, the rules have changed and there is now no deemed dividend tax credit. So a shareholder receiving £900 is deemed to have received £900, no more, no less. The other main changes are as follows:\nEvery tax payer is given a £5,000 dividend allowance meaning they can receive up to £5,000 in dividends tax free\nIf any of the £11,000 personal allowance for 2016/17 is not utilised, then this can be added to the £5,000 dividend allowance.\nDividends received between £5,001 and £43,000 where they take the income of a basic rate to where they become a higher rate tax payer) are now taxed at 7.5%. Anything above this level are taxed at 32.5% (38.1% if you are an additional rate tax payer earning above £150,000).\nPaul receives a cash dividend of £20,000. His other taxable earned income is £15,000. His £5,000 dividend allowance means only £15,000 of his dividend will be taxed. As his total income is below the higher rate tax threshold of £43,000 for 2016/17, he will pay tax of 7.5% on £15,000 = £1,125 in tax. Under the old rules he would not have had to pay any tax on the dividend.\nNick receives a cash dividend of £50,000. His other taxable earned income is £50,000. After his dividend allowance of £5,000 is taken in account, £45,000 of his cash dividend will be taxed. As Nick is a higher rate tax payer (ie his income is over £43,000), £45,000 of his dividend will be taxed at 32.5% totalling £14,625. Under the old rules Nick would have been taxed on his £50,000 dividend at an effective rate of 25% meaning he would have paid £12,500.\nDespite the new rules meaning more tax is now payable by those receiving more than £5,000 in dividends, dividends are still a highly effective way of minimising taxable income and should be used a key tool in personal tax planning.\nTip: Why not consider transferring or issuing shares to a spouse or other family members and friends as part of your personal tax planning activities, including children and grandchildren. Issuing alphabet shares (A ord, B ord shares) via a change in the Articles of a company can also allow you to manage payments of dividends more effectively to family members and other shareholders. The use of bare trusts should also be considered.\nFinovium News\nKeep up with the latest news from Finovium. Subscribe to our newsletter. Just enter your email in the box and click \"Send\".\nFinovium Limited\n15 Gallery Court\nGunter Grove, London\nSW10 0UJ\nMobile 07745 90 91 86\nhello@finovium.com\nRegistered in England Reg No. 09852857 Registered with the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) No. ZA195168\nCopyright 2020 Finovium Limited. All rights reserved.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1321144"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5986369848251343,"wiki_prob":0.4013630151748657,"text":"Woodland Pride, Montana\n$12.00 W359pf\n10.5x7.5 image on 14x11 Paper - 14x10 image on 19x13 Paper - 19.5x13.75 image on 24x18 Paper - 24.5x17.5 image on 26.5x19.5 Paper - 28x20 image on 30x22 Paper - 42x30 image on 44x32 Paper - 45x32 image on 47x34 Paper - 49x35 image on 51x37 Paper - 66.5x47.5 image on 68.5x49.5 Paper - 10.5x7.5 image on 14.5x11.5 Giclée - 14x10 image on 18x14 Giclée - 21x15 image on 25x19 Giclée - 24.5x17.5 image on 28.5x21.5 Giclée - 28x20 image on 32x24 Giclée - 42x30 image on 46x34 Giclée - 45x32 image on 49x36 Giclée - 49x35 image on 53x39 Giclée - 66.5x47.5 image on 70.5x51.5 Giclée - 10.5x7.5 image on 14.5x11.5 Unstretched Canvas - 14x10 image on 18x14 Unstretched Canvas - 21x15 image on 25x19 Unstretched Canvas - 24.5x17.5 image on 28.5x21.5 Unstretched Canvas - 28x20 image on 32x24 Unstretched Canvas - 42x30 image on 46x34 Unstretched Canvas - 45x32 image on 49x36 Unstretched Canvas - 49x35 image on 53x39 Unstretched Canvas - 66.5x47.5 image on 70.5x51.5 Unstretched Canvas -\n© Art Wolfe\nArt Wolfe (born 1951) is an American photographer and conservationist, best known for color images of wildlife, landscapes and native cultures. His photographs document scenes from every continent and hundreds of locations, and have been noted by environmental advocacy groups for their stunning visual impact. Wolfe's career has been described as multi-faceted, involving wildlife advocacy, art, journalism, and education. According to William Conway, former president of the Wildlife Conservation Society, Wolfe is a \"prolific and sensitive recorder of a rapidly vanishing natural world.\" In the last 30 years, the public has viewed Wolfe's work in more than sixty published books, including Vanishing Act, The High Himalaya, Water: Worlds between Heaven & Earth, Tribes, Rainforests of the World, and The Art of Photographing Nature.\nW359pf\nWoodland Pride, Montana Art Wolfe","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1205108"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.929592490196228,"wiki_prob":0.929592490196228,"text":"Looking for ImperfectionGilberto Perez\nVol. 23 No. 16 · 23 August 2001\nLooking for Imperfection\nGilberto Perez\nJohn Cassavetes: Lifeworks\nby Tom Charity.\nOmnibus, 257 pp., £10.95, March 2001, 0 7119 7544 2Show More\nCassavetes on Cassavetes\nedited by Ray Carney.\nFaber, 526 pp., £17.99, March 2001, 0 571 20157 1Show More\n‘I’m really against nudity in movies,’ Julia Roberts said a while ago. ‘When you act with your clothes on, it’s a performance. When you act with your clothes off, it’s a documentary. I don’t do documentaries.’ Quoting this bit of wit and wisdom in a recent New Yorker piece on Roberts, Anthony Lane wrote: ‘it shows … how remote she is from any European visions of cinema – not just from the relaxed, Old World attitude toward sex but from the European assumption (found lingering in the work of Americans like Robert Altman) that the scent of documentary can and should be allowed to flavour a fictional method.’ Lane is thinking of American cinema as Hollywood. But there is a strong tradition of American documentary, from Robert Flaherty to cinéma vérité (which despite its name was American before it was French) to Errol Morris. And as for allowing into fiction the scent of documentary, no fictional method has more of a documentary flavour than the way of making movies devised by John Cassavetes. His movies have been more admired in Europe, it is true; they are nonetheless distinctly American.\nThe connection between stripping and documentary made by Julia Roberts can be extended. If performance puts on a mask, documentary could be said to reveal, to unmask, to strip bare. Cassavetes was preoccupied from the beginning with masks and unmasking, performance and seeing through performance, in life as in art. When he was running the theatrical workshop in New York where he found the actors and developed the ideas for his first movie, Shadows (1957-59), he told an interviewer that most experiences in life are as ‘staged’ and ‘artificial’ as most dramatic performances, and that the problem ‘for modern man’ is ‘breaking free from conventions and learning how to really feel again’. I’m quoting from Cassavetes on Cassavetes, edited by Ray Carney, who sees this as ‘a daring leap: lived experience could be as much a product of convention as dramatic experience, and in fact the one sort of convention could be the subject of the other. It was the first and most succinct statement of the subject of Shadows and all of Cassavetes’s later work.’ It wasn’t so much that Cassavetes’s words were daring: what they showed was a man of his time, anxiously calling for freedom from convention and for the expression of real feeling – just as the Abstract Expressionists and the Beats were doing. They also announced his lifelong concern with the masks of dramatic and social convention and with revealing the faces hiding behind them. Shadows is about love, race, and identity among the bohemian young in New York. A decade later in Faces (1968), which after a Hollywood hiatus was his next independent production, the characters and setting have changed – the focus is on a marriage falling apart among the affluent middle-aged in Southern California – but the preoccupations remain the same. Cassavetes said that Faces could be summed up in the words: ‘Masks and faces’. His movies don’t strip actors of their clothes so much as their masks, exposing their naked faces to documentary scrutiny.\n‘The film you have just seen was an improvisation,’ we read on the screen at the end of Shadows. But this is not true – or not of the film we have just seen. It was truer of the first version of Shadows, which had three midnight screenings in New York late in 1958 and caught the eye of Jonas Mekas, a central figure in American avant-garde cinema, whose enthusiasm for the film led to its receiving the first Independent Film Award from his magazine Film Culture. ‘More than any other recent American film,’ Mekas wrote in his citation, it ‘presents contemporary reality in a fresh and unconventional manner … The improvisation, spontaneity and free inspiration that are almost entirely lost in most films from an excess of professionalism are fully used in this film.’ Cassavetes must have found Mekas’s talk of ‘spontaneous cinema’ congenial, but he wasn’t comfortable with the idea of belonging to an avant-garde. He didn’t want to turn his back on the larger audience he had already reached as an actor. Despite the award, he wasn’t satisfied with that first Shadows, which he saw as ‘a totally intellectual film – and therefore less than human. I had fallen in love with the camera, with technique, with beautiful shots, with experimentation for its own sake … It had a nice rhythm to it, but it had absolutely nothing to do with people. Whereas you have to create interest in your characters because this is what audiences go to see.’ He recalled the actors and reshot much of the movie, this time following a script: a script inspired by the earlier improvisations, a script meant to sound spontaneous, but all the same a prepared script, with lines written by Cassavetes for the actors to speak. And, despite a low budget, this reshooting involved many retakes – more than 18 hours of footage as Cassavetes looked for what he wanted. The first Shadows ran for an hour, and less than half of that was kept in the revised version, which runs for an hour and a half. As Tom Charity remarks in his critical biography of Cassavetes, ‘Mekas’s “spontaneous cinema” had no sooner been recognised than it was reconsidered.’\nFor Faces, which runs a little over two hours, Cassavetes shot around 150 hours of film. That’s an exceedingly high shooting ratio. And for his next film, Husbands (1970), which runs just a bit longer, he shot almost twice that, a ratio higher than 100 to 1. More usual in documentary than in fiction, a high ratio of shot footage to edited film became part of Cassavetes’s fictional method. In documentary a high shooting ratio has to do with the problem of what to include. In fiction, where things are not gathered from life but staged for the camera, it usually means a desire to get the staging just right. Another actor turned director, Charlie Chaplin, also shot a lot of footage for his films, doing scenes over and over again in search of perfection. But Cassavetes seems to have been looking for imperfection. That, according to Carney, was his ‘stunning originality’: ‘He pioneered a new form of art – an art liberated from unearthly ideals of beauty, heroism, purity or virtue. He was the poet of imperfection.’ Carney makes the point that Cassavetes exhibited in his life, in relation both to himself and to those around him, the same non-judgmental acceptance of ‘moral and emotional untidiness’ found in his ‘radically unidealised’ works. ‘The process of making the films was of a piece with the world depicted in the films,’ Carney writes. ‘Cassavetes and his characters equally were given the task of making something of an imperfect world populated with imperfect figures.’\nThe notion that a work representing untidiness should itself be untidy, that art should be messy because life is messy, comes under the heading of the fallacy of expressive form. But a fallacy of that kind depends on the assumption that art has to keep a distance from life – an aesthetic distance – and Cassavetes’s films are not alone among modern works of art in rejecting aesthetic distance and aiming to break down the boundaries between art and life. The first Shadows, which no longer exists, seemed to William Pechter ‘closer at times to being that elusive entity, a true slice of life, than almost anything else I can think of which claims the name. There is, in effect, no beginning or end to the film – just middle.’ But Pechter found that ‘this quality was increasingly lost in subsequent versions,’ and the Shadows we can see today, though still a rambling film without beginning or end, couldn’t be described as a slice of life. Rather, it is a slice of acting, often bad acting. Its imperfections, which are many, belong not to real life but to acted and filmed performance. The performance may be taken to represent life, but, here as in Cassavetes’s subsequent films, it is closer to a kind of allegory, a symbolic transposition of life into the realm of actors acting, than to a lifelike representation. Rather than there being any imitation of reality, in these films the actors acting are themselves the reality. It’s not so much that the world is a stage as that Cassavetes knows only the staged world.\nOnce in a television talk show, when ‘the interviewer asked him about the difference between movie-acting and stage-acting,’ as Dave Hickey reports the occasion, Robert Mitchum\nsaid the difference was that the audience watching a movie believes what they’re seeing is real. ‘Not the story,’ he said, waving his hand, ‘but the setting and the props, the mise en scène … If I’m on location, shooting a scene where I’m leaning against a tree, the tree is real; the sky behind it is the real sky; the ground I’m standing on is real dirt … Everything is real, in other words, except me, my character. That’s fake … So you have to use the audience’s belief in the setting and the props to make the character real … On stage, it’s just the reverse. The setting and props are fake.’\nOn stage, Mitchum is saying, it’s the actors that bring reality to the fiction, whereas in a movie it’s the mise en scène, the documentary detail, that makes up the world in which the fiction is seen to take place. So for Mitchum, that very American actor, the scent of documentary is essential to the fictional method of the movies. Cassavetes’s movies have a different documentary scent and a different fictional method, closer in some respects to the method of the stage. These movies are lacking in the realism of setting and props that seems native to the medium. They are pretty thin in their rendering of detail and milieu but quite thick with the reality of actors acting. Here, as on the stage, it’s the actors who are expected to bring reality to these fictions. But on the stage the actors are actually there in front of the audience. What we have before us in these movies is a peculiar documentary of performance.\nOne of Cassavetes’s European admirers, Jean-Luc Godard, has said that every film is a documentary of its actors. That may be true – besides playing a part in a fiction, the actor is a real person before the camera’s documentary eye – but it is not true of every film in the same way. The non-professional recruited from the street in the manner of Italian Neo-Realism is not the same as the movie star, though in both cases the actor’s personal traits as rendered by the camera inform the image on the screen. In his own films Godard distances the documentary of the actor from the performance of a character, the real person from the fictional impersonation. This is a kind of alienation effect: Godard can be seen as a Brechtian film-maker. Cassavetes was of the opposite persuasion, the school of Stanislavsky: he believed in as close an identification as possible between the actor and the character. Although he never attended the Actors Studio, he imbibed the same theatrical culture in his formative years. It’s not a mistake but a sign of deep-seated conviction that, as Carney notes, Cassavetes tends to talk about his actors as his characters and his characters as his actors. So close is his identification of actor and character that he identifies performance with character – performance not as the mimic but as the maker of character, character not as the referent but as the product of performance. The documentary of the actor in Cassavetes’s films doesn’t only have to do with the actor’s person, passively there for the camera to observe; it isn’t merely a matter of the actor’s traits entering into the portrayal of a character: it’s a matter of the actor’s acting, of keeping track of the activity through which character is seen to come into being, of watching what the actor does as it gives rise to what the character is. The focus is on the often tortuous process of performance. One reason I go to the movies more often than to the theatre is that the imperfections of performance, when I see them on the stage in front of me, make me feel embarrassed on the actors’ behalf. I had thought this was because the actors are right there at the theatre. But in his movies, with his documentary of performance, Cassavetes succeeds in making me feel the same kind of embarrassment for the actors, even though they’re not there.\nIn Minnie and Moskowitz (1971), his attempt at a screwball comedy with Gena Rowlands (his wife) and Seymour Cassel as the leads, Cassavetes shows little gift for the kind of playful, extemporising rapport between actors that animates such classics of the genre as It Happened One Night (Frank Capra was Cassavetes’s favourite director) or The Awful Truth or Bringing Up Baby. Part of the fun of those movies comes from the sense they give that the actors themselves are having fun. An actor having fun with a part, playfully embroidering it, opens up a certain distance between actor and character that goes against the kind of identification sought by Cassavetes. The acting in his movies usually looks like hard work. When he allows his actors to relax, however, the moments of fun can be memorable: Lelia Goldoni being flirtatious in Shadows; Lynn Carlin laughing in Faces; the ending of A Woman under the Influence (1974), where at the last minute the tone lightens and a heavy melodrama is brought to a surprisingly satisfying comic conclusion; much of the strange Love Streams (1984), his last film, with himself and Gena Rowlands as the leads, and maybe his best. But the male horseplay, the back-slapping, hard-drinking, whore-hugging male bonding, of which there is plenty in Shadows and Faces and especially in Husbands, is not much fun, which may perhaps be the point – that these men are incapable of being at ease with themselves and one another – but the strenuous non-fun goes on and on and gets to be quite tiresome for the viewer if not for the actors/ characters. It seems that Cassavetes in real life was much like the character he plays in Husbands alongside Peter Falk and Ben Gazzara; the three men, who didn’t know one another very well before the filming, became buddies just like their characters in the film. Husbands may be taken as an auto-critique; it is also a self-indulgence.\nRay Carney has been the keeper of the Cassavetes flame in the American academy. He thinks Cassavetes is the greatest and sees himself as the only one saying it. So he shouts it, he grabs you by the lapels and insists that you hear it. He habitually overstates his case, and you back away even where you might agree. It may be fair to say that Mabel, the mad housewife in A Woman under the Influence, represents a reach for freedom, an individual spontaneity knocking up against the society around it; but it’s stretching it to say, as Carney does in American Dreaming, that Mabel ‘is a visionary and a dreamer in the Emersonian tradition, a heroine with a freedom of consciousness and a richness of imagination that Henry James would have appreciated’, and that ‘the astonishing thing Cassavetes does with this Emersonian, this Jamesian figure is to thrust her into the centre of a world of pressures, influences and circumscriptions as relentless and inescapable as anything Theodore Dreiser or Edith Wharton might have imagined.’ Henry James would have had no time for a character like Mabel; and Cassavetes gives us nothing like the picture of a society that we find in Dreiser or Wharton. Carney comes from a training in American studies, a field founded on the Emersonian tradition Mabel is said to embody. In American Dreaming, published in the mid-1980s, and in a second full-blown study of Cassavetes he produced a decade later, he approaches the film-maker and his characters in terms of the conflict between self and society, between the Emersonian dream of individual freedom and the pressures and demands of social life. The approach would be more fruitful if Carney did not keep making such large claims for Cassavetes, invoking the great names in the American tradition, drawing slanted comparisons with other film-makers in which Cassavetes always comes out top, and paid more attention to specifics, both the specifics of his film-making and those of the self and society. In Cassavetes on Cassavetes he has usefully put together what he calls ‘the autobiography John Cassavetes never lived to write’. This is not simply a collection of interviews with the film-maker but a coherent chronological narrative of his life and career, arranged by Carney, with extensive commentary by him, out of things Cassavetes said on different occasions, stories he related at different times over the years. The commentary might have been briefer; there should have been an index, and footnotes for those who want to know when and where the things were said. But anybody interested in Cassavetes will be grateful.\nTom Charity’s critical biography is the first book on Cassavetes in English that isn’t by Carney. Charity is as much of a fan but he wears his fandom more lightly; unencumbered by the self v. society dichotomies of American studies, he gives a clearer account of the film-maker’s working methods. There are tributes and appreciations from several fellow film-makers, including Jim Jarmusch (‘Your films are about love’), John Sayles (‘Watching a Cassavetes movie was never a safe place to be’), Gary Oldman (‘At first I thought it might be a 1960s documentary – the people were that real. The film was Faces’), Pedro Almodóvar, Peter Bogdanovich and Olivier Assayas.\n‘He thinks not like a director but like an actor,’ Pauline Kael wrote, and the remark was not intended as praise. But Kael was aware that what can be said against Cassavetes can also be said for him:\nCassavetes’s method is peculiar in that its triumphs and its failures are not merely inseparable from the method but often truly hard to separate from each other. The acting that is so bad it’s embarrassing sometimes seems also to have revealed something, so we’re forced to reconsider our notions of good and bad acting.\nCassavetes thought like an actor who resented the rule of the director. As a writer he didn’t provide stage directions for the actors, and he didn’t think the director should provide them either. It wasn’t the lines that were improvised in his films: it was the stage directions. He wanted the actors to be the characters, and it was the actors’ characters he wanted, not the writer’s or the director’s. He would give the actors their lines and talk to them about their parts, but he still wouldn’t tell them what to do. He would tell them when he didn’t like what they did, he would have them do it again, but he wouldn’t tell them what to do. He wanted them to play their parts in their own way and allowed them wide latitude of movement and expression. One might say he didn’t direct them; one might say he did away with the director. His actors didn’t play to the camera as movie actors are usually made to do: instead, they played to one another and the camera followed them, without knowing ahead of time where they would go, able to respond to their gestures and their movements, but not to anticipate them, rather like a documentary camera capturing life as it happens. Of course there would be many retakes: life would be made to repeat over and over again until something happened. But Cassavetes didn’t know ahead of time what he was after: the actors had to perform it before he could recognise it. Rather like a documentary film-maker, he was out to discover something in performance. ‘I want you to be patient with me,’ Gena Rowlands says to the driver as she gets into a cab in Love Streams, ‘because I don’t know exactly where I’m going yet.’\nClothes as well as masks come off in The Killing of a Chinese Bookie (1976; recut and re-released in 1978), whose protagonist Cosmo (Ben Gazzara) runs a strip joint in LA with connections to the Mob. A Woman under the Influence had been an unexpected box-office success, and now Cassavetes hoped to keep that up with a movie in the popular gangster genre, but he was badly disappointed. This gangster movie looks as if it was shot by a documentary camera that was only able to capture snatches of the plot. Cassavetes spoke of it as a less personal project, but Carney is right to see it as a portrait of the artist. Cosmo is a figure of the director; he takes pride in the shows he puts on at the Crazy Horse West. On that stage he’s not performer, he’s director behind the scenes. In his daily life, however, he performs with a mask of cool style, an affectation of class, which we have to admit he maintains with a self-possession not easily shaken, even though we see through it. But this performance has another director behind the scenes, the Mob, which treats him as a puppet and makes him enact a script in which it allows him no say. It’s a role he cannot refuse, but Cosmo manages to play it his way, to become his own director, which enables him finally to wear with real feeling the mask of grace under pressure. The stripping of a mask leads to the wearing of another, or in Cosmo’s case to his wearing much the same mask made his own. It’s for the sake of his performance that he becomes his own director; it’s not as director but as performer that Cosmo commands admiration.\nThe most peculiar thing about Cassavetes’s method – and a striking departure from the Method of the Actors Studio – is that he would discuss their parts with his actors one on one but not together, not as a group or even a pair. It’s part of the director’s job to have the actors work as an ensemble, and it was part of Cassavetes’s abdication of the director’s job that he would leave them on their own. He wanted them to work as individuals, to come into the scene without knowing what the others might do. This, it could be said, is the individualism of the Emersonian tradition – except that Cassavetes has no time for the dream of individual transcendence and always puts his actors, his characters, in a social situation, in give and take with others. In real life, it seems, he was the type who likes to have people around him all the time, and the same is true of his characters. If character, for him, is defined in performance, the performance is always a transaction with others. If in Cassavetes performance, the staged world of actors acting, is an allegory for life, the allegory is of atomised individuals thrown together, with little idea of what others are about and yet forced to come to terms with their pressures and demands. It’s an apt allegory for American life.\nCassavetes died at 59 of cirrhosis of the liver. He had been diagnosed with the disease a few years earlier, at the time he began filming Love Streams, and given six months to live; he quit drinking for a while but soon started again. It’s curious that Charity tries to deny or at least to qualify the fact that Cassavetes was an alcoholic.\nGilberto Perez, Noble Professor of Art and Cultural History at Sarah Lawrence College, is the author of The Material Ghost: Films and Their Medium.\nHow We Remember: Terrence Malick\nBourgeois Nightmares: Michael Haneke\nHouse of Miscegenation: Westerns\nMore by Gilberto Perez","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1126386"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7385808825492859,"wiki_prob":0.2614191174507141,"text":"Dennis L. Murray, MD, FAAP\nPediatric Infectious Diseases Society\nDr. Murray is a fellow of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), as well as many other professional medical societies.\nHe is a professor of Pediatrics and Chief of the Section of Infectious Disease at the Medical College of Georgia Children’s Medical Center. Dr. Murray has received several teaching honors and served on many medical committees, including the PIDS and Infectious Diseases Society of America’s Public Policy Committees. Dr. Murray has participated in developing many publications for the American Academy of Pediatrics, including the 1997, 2000 and 2003 editions of the Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. He also conducts clinical research in the areas of public awareness of vaccines and vaccine safety.\nDr. Murray received a B.S. in Zoology and his medical degree from the University of Michigan.\nNNii Staff","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1664960"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8625156879425049,"wiki_prob":0.8625156879425049,"text":"Stephen King evokes John Wick and pandemic anxiety in the tense, fractured Billy Summers\nThe first half of King’s new crime novel is some of his best work in years. The second half is a different story.\nCover image: Scribner\nGraphic: Natalie Peeples\nThe final page of Billy Summers—Stephen King’s latest effort to master pulp crime fiction just as he tamed horror several decades ago—includes, like many of King’s books, a note saying when he wrote it. In most of King’s novels, this addendum serves as little more than a cheery footnote, a reminder of the hard work and the sheer amount of time that must be poured into the author’s brick-heavy tomes to bring them to life. But in Billy Summers, those dates arrive with a meaning that no one could have anticipated when King first sat down to craft his story of a hitman with a heart of gold: June 12, 2019 - July 3, 2020.\nTo be clear, Billy Summers is not a pandemic novel, at least not in the traditional sense. Outside of a few allusions to the COVID-19 lockdowns, King resists the urge to import details directly from a reality that has sometimes felt cribbed from the pages of his most famous works. But the steadily growing cabin fever is nevertheless inescapable as one dives deeper into the book, and a first act of stunning formal control gives way to a second half that is frequently unfocused, lurid, and, at times, clichéd. All of which builds to a climax that seems to pull from the darkest recesses of home-brewed Twitter and cable news paranoia; it’s wish fulfillment for those living in a world where the rich and powerful orchestrate acts of monstrous evil, while we’re all stuck at home, brokenly clicking along. The action then settles, almost miraculously, into an epilogue that brings the book’s best qualities back to the forefront.\nBut first: That opening half, which sees its title contract killer shacking up in a nondescript Midwestern city, waiting several months for his next target to be delivered to a nearby courthouse. In the meantime, the Iraq vet-turned-freelance-sniper must blend in with the locals, a setup King uses to get the wheels spinning on a delicious engine of tension. By the time the date of the hit arrives, our uber-competent undercover anti-hero is running something like five different identities in an effort to keep everyone—his neighbors, his employees, himself—in the dark about what’s actually going on. The most prominent of these is also the one that tips the book into more recognizable King territory, as Billy’s employers (having bought into his persona as a slow-witted murder-savant) mockingly set him up as a first-time novelist to explain his extended stay in town.\nIf Billy Summers has a thesis—beyond the burbling morass of vengeance fantasies that threaten to transform the second half into something akin to Stephen King’s Death Wish—it’s in the sequences that dive into Billy’s attempts to turn his cover gig into a real one and filter his life story into prose. King has written so many author-protagonists over the years that it’s tipped over from a running joke into simply being part of the background radiation of his oeuvre. But he’s rarely put this much time and energy into depicting the actual cathartic work of the job, up to and including drafting whole chapters of Billy’s writing as he processes his abusive childhood and military service to untangle the web of identities he’s crafted around himself. The rapture with which Billy realizes he can finally peek out from behind the masks and speak in his own voice (if only to himself) could have been corny in another book, but in King’s hands, it comes off as infectiously genuine. In addition to those loftier ideas, these excerpts are also a chance for King to engage in a bit of metafictional gamesmanship, crafting text that reads like the work of a gifted beginner, distinct from the more familiar tone used in the rest of the book.\nAt least in the early going, the bulk of Billy Summers is a delightfully tense crime thriller, tracking the protagonist’s efforts to pull “one last job”—the character, an aggressive consumer of literary fiction, notes the trope himself. Ostensibly light on incident, Billy’s preparations highlight King’s sharp skills for observation—sizing up the people in his orbit for how they might help or pose a danger to his schemes—and begin to unlock some of the traumas that drove him to kill for cash. The fact that those deep-seated motives seem to have been largely pulled from The Big Book Of Professional Murderers Who Are Also Good, Sensitive Guys, We Swear, can probably be chalked up as much to the genre as King’s actual plotting. The result, despite its surface familiarity (it’s wild how much of Billy’s story tracks with HBO’s Barry, for example, to say nothing of the outright John Wick reference that pops up), is somehow both hard-boiled and human, and on par with much of King’s best work.\nAll of this holds true until the halfway point, when, with the pull of a trigger, King jettisons huge swaths of the tension that made Billy Summers such a compulsive, memorable read. What replaces it is a sort of surreal vigilante road trip tale, shot through with sexual violence and revenge, which adds a seemingly unintentional queasy element to the book’s central relationships. The complicated layers of identity fall away, and what we’re left with verges on the simplicity of a morality play.\nIt would be reductive to assume that this portion of Billy Summers (which begins with Billy locking himself away for weeks at a time and even features him bingeing NBC’s The Blacklist) was written strictly post-outbreak, and the rest before. But as the singular focus of the first act morphs into a sprawling revenge thriller that sees King invent ever-more-awful (human) monsters for his hero to hunt, it’s hard not to feel like a sheer dividing line was crossed somewhere. Certainly, it’s strange that the portions of the book in which its hero fritters away his days playing Monopoly with local kids are far more compelling than those in which he roams the country, executing crime lords and rapists. Given King’s experimentation with serialization over the years, it’s hard not to wish that the two stories—and that is, ultimately, what this feels like—could have had more separation between them, if only so the second half didn’t suffer so much by comparison.\nIt’s the writing that saves Billy Summers—both the prose itself and the depiction of the act. Together, they give the book the lifeline it needs as its ripped-from-the-headlines ending looms. Even in the most hoary of crime scenarios, King can still build tidal waves of tension from the smallest deviation from plan, sending Constant Readers plunging deep into the flop-sweat insecurities of his heroes as they watch a situation potentially spiral out of control. In situating Billy’s atonement in communication and creation, not violence, King manages to find a space for redemption that might otherwise have rung hollow. For a book whose only supernatural element is the occasional looming ruin of the distant Overlook Hotel—where another King writer stand-in once fared far more poorly with his isolation and “gifts”—Billy Summers is winningly optimistic about the life of the creative mind. More than almost any other King book in recent memory, it’s a product of its time, but not a victim of it.\nAuthor photo: Shane Leonard\nBooksReviews","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line98619"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6945275664329529,"wiki_prob":0.3054724335670471,"text":"WELCOME TO THE MANUFACTURING REPORT\nHome > Resources > Articles > How Advanced Can 3D Printed Colors Be?\nHow Advanced Can 3D Printed Colors Be?\nKERRY STEVENSON | June 20, 2019\nDyeMansion is a German company specializing in post-processing 3D prints. They offer a complete set of equipment and software to perform the three most frequently performed post-processing activities for 3D prints, including: support removal, surface smoothing and coloration.\nSciaky, Inc.\nSciaky, Inc., a subsidiary of Phillips Service Industries, Inc. (PSI), is a leading provider of metal 3D printing / Additive Manufacturing (AM) solutions. We also provide state-of-the-art electron beam (EB) welding systems and advanced arc welding systems — along with extensive job shop EB welding services — to the aerospace, defense, automotive, medical and other manufacturing industries. Our state-of-the-art equipment meets rigid military specifications to manufacture items such as airframes, landing gear, jet engines, guided missiles and vehicle parts.\nAmerican Manufacturing Statistics\nThe transformation of raw materials through mechanical, physical, or chemical processes into a new product is the definition of manufacturing in the U.S. These businesses include plants, mills, factories, and warehouses and they rely on power-driven equipment to produce their products. Small businesses and home-based businesses are included in the scope of U.S. manufacturing - this includes sectors like tailor-made clothing, bakeries, candy stores, or toy/crafts creators. Additionally, companies that contract with the businesses in these industries are included in the sector of American manufacturing. It is worth noting: U.S. manufacturing does not include anything relating to housing or commercial construction. Read more...\nRex Moore Proves Project Business Automation Provides Predictive and Proactive Resource Requirements\nRex Moore Group, Inc. is a Top50 electrical contractor delivering unmatched integrated electrical solutions. As an early adopter of Lean manufacturing principles, Rex Moore has created a company-wide culture of continuous improvement that drives significant value to their clients. The firm contracts and performs both design/build and bid work for all electrical, telecommunications, and integrated systems market segments. Rex Moore has a full-service maintenance department to cover emergency and routine requirements for all facilities, whether an existing facility or one that has been recently completed by the company. The ability to negotiate and competitively bid various forms of contracts including lump-sum, fixed fee, hourly rate, and cost-plus work as a prime contractor, subcontractor, or joint venture is enhanced with Project Business Automation (PBA) from Adeaca. This solution permits the company to propose work only if they are in a position to be competitive in the marketplace and provide excellent service with fair compensation. Rex Moore used Adeaca PBA as a construction management software for builders and contractors to integrate and facilitate its business processes in its ERP system. Together with Microsoft Dynamics, PBA integrated processes across the company on a single end-to-end platform. This allowed the company to replace 15 different applications with a single comprehensive system, eliminating the costs and inefficiencies associated with multiple systems and silos of information.\nReshoring and Technology Platforms Transforming Hiring Practices in the Manufacturing Sector\nArticle | March 31, 2021\nEveryday the supply chain is jeopardized. A freighter stuck in the Suez Canal has severe ripple effects in raw material goods making their way around the world. Trade tariffs and unpredictable consequences from COVID have encouraged many US manufacturers to reshore bringing jobs stateside. This strategy will shift the supply chain challenge to a staffing challenge. As the manufacturing industry is poised for rapid growth over the next 24 months, hiring the best workers once again becomes the top challenge. As the workforce is vaccinated and reshoring the supply chain becomes a clarion call for industry, finding the right people with the right skills forces plant managers, operations managers, and HR managers to find new and innovative recruiting strategies. FactoryFix is an online platform that matches vetted manufacturing workers with companies seeking specific skill sets. This platform sets a new standard in how small to mid-sized manufacturers hire talent across the U.S.\nFilmmaking is Manufacturing\nFilmmaking is manufacturing. To date, no one has made the direct correlation between the two. As many entertainment professionals know, the budget gap between indie productions and big studio blockbusters continues to grow. The day of mid-budget, independent (indie) movies is disappearing as fast as the middle class in the American economy. According to newbiefilmschool, the average budget is barely at $2 million for these pictures and producers have been forced to adapt by discovering creative ways to decrease costs, while maintaining a high production values for a sophisticated audience with high expectations. Though there are many ways to cut costs, any business professional will agree to go with the options that bring down the budget the most. Just as dog is man’s best friend, here are three reasons why manufacturers have become the same for a filmmaker by saving money and time for every type of production. Film equipment manufacturers No long may a film lack quality in picture, sound, and bad acting. Once acceptable, these older movies were produced with the technology and film equipment constraints and from limited funding. Film equipment manufacturers from cameras, sound equipment, and computers cost less to achieve high production values. Film equipment companies face increasing competition, which has driven down the purchase price. Better equipment with significant technology improvements has reframed the indie film industry with high-level sound and image capture quality. The transition of cameras from film to digital was a notable shift for manufacturers. Many industry-insiders believe that digital is free, and film is expensive, but there is more the manufacturing construct. Digital cameras, when compared to film cameras in the same market price bracket, are much more expensive than analog counterparts. It is true that film costs money and is single-use. Digital memory cards are relatively expensive and can be reused. Film also needs to be developed and there is a cost associated with that production cost. There are other ways in which digital modalities save filmmakers. Automation Across all industries, efficiency always wins. Innovative manufacturers have developed machines to make numerous jobs easier for everyone. Machines have been assisting filmmakers since the invention of the camera. AI (artificial intelligence) is poised to change film even more and continues to augment human creativity. Storytellers work with computers during every process of creating a motion picture which has sped up the time it takes to complete each-step in film making. Automating pre-production processes, such as creating a budget and writing a script, is analogous to an ERP (enterprise resource planning) software for a traditional manufacturing operation. The Movie Magic budgeting software by Entertainment Partners has made creating a budget more efficient and accurate. Screenwriter programs vary from the downloadable Final Draft, and the purely cloud based, Celtx, are the reasons automated scriptwriting is the norm. These programs also automatically format writing to industry standards, facilitating the creative process. Automation in post-production is equally advanced through editing software for video, sound, effects, and colors all the way to distribution and promotional content. Editing footage from digital rather than film saves time and money. Industry favorites include Adobe Premiere Pro and Apple’s exclusive Final Cut Pro and are used on almost all well-known movies and TV shows. The impacts of COVID-19 on entertainment manufacturers Without question, the pandemic has affected every industry by creating an unanticipated production standstill. Entertainment manufacturers have sacrificed countless productions, lost billions of dollars, and major talent agencies have furloughed hundreds of employees. This negative impact is not just difficult for indie filmmakers, big studios are suffering just as much with production delays and cancellations still happening as this article goes to press. Any way back to the set is better than no set at all. A new necessity for productions to safely reopen includes epidemiologists and other public health specialists; they provide detailed strategies dealing with large crews who work in cramped spaces, makeup artists who get face-to-face with actors who kiss, hug, and fight on set. These COVID-19 consultants rely on the manufacturing industry for PPE supplies and carry out regular PCR tests. Face coverings and hand sanitizing stations have also become the norm, just like most other manufacturing operations.\nMANUFACTURING 2022\nNG MANUFACTURING SUMMIT\nAdditive Manufacturing 3D Printing | Fundamentals Training Course\nCopyright © 2022 The Manufacturing.Report | All Rights Reserved","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1488617"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.69698566198349,"wiki_prob":0.69698566198349,"text":"Home » What is Biblical Archeology? » Support » Volunteer » Become an ABR Volunteer: Positions\nTesting the Factuality of the Conquest of Ai Narrative in the Book of Joshua: Part Three\nAuthor: Peter Briggs\nCategory: Khirbet el-Maqatir Research Articles\nThe problem addressed in this article is the arbitration among the three alternative views of the conquest of Ai narrative summarized in Part One. This is accomplished by testing the correspondence between the narrative in question and the material time-space context it purports to represent. Part Three...\nThis is Part Three of a four-part article.\nTHE BIBLICAL TIMELINE\nMaterial facts of all kinds, including artifacts from an archaeological locus, are devoid of inherent meaning and therefore indeterminate or not self-determinative. Meaning is ascribed to them solely by a narrative representation of a determinative kind [Oller (1996: 216); Oller & Collins (2000); Collins & Oller (2000)]. Thus, archaeological research should always operate within the framework of a determinative narrative; in other words, a TNR. In the case of archaeological research of the Bronze Age Canaanite cultures in Palestine, and because of the paucity of epigraphic or historiographic material unearthed from these cultures, the Bible assumes the role of the primary source of historical data. There simply is no other source of comparable scope, coherence, and integrity.\nThe Contribution of the Biblical Timeline to the Criterial Screen\nA necessary component of the criterial screen is the establishment of the temporal location of the conquest of Ai according to the biblical narrative. The conquest of Ai, as recorded in chapters 7 and 8 of Joshua, would have occurred near the beginning of the Conquest, the chronology of which is determined in relationship to the date of the Exodus. As discussed in Briggs (2007: 64-72 & 83-85), the selection of the date for the Exodus is the object of intense debate, much of which is precipitated by archaeological findings. However, for determining the temporal location of the conquest of Ai we must insist on allowing the Bible to speak for itself and prevent the confounding of biblical data by archaeological data. This is true because the parameters of the criterial screen must be in strict accord with the biblical text.\nBiblical Date for the Exodus\nThe three principal passages that provide a basis for deriving a biblical date for the Exodus are as follows: (a) 1 Kings 6:1; (b) the letter from Jephthah to the king of Ammon summarized in Judges 11:26; and, (c) the genealogy of Heman in 1 Chronicles 6:33-43. These three passages consistently point to an Exodus date in the range of 1470-1406 BC – that is, in the 15th century BC and within the time frame of the 18th dynasty of Egypt. The chronological data dispersed throughout the books of Judges and 1 & 2 Samuel is a fourth source, but is not weighted significantly. A fifth source for deriving the biblical date for the Exodus is based upon the correspondence between the historical narrative in the Book of Exodus and Egyptian history; in particular, the history of the 18th dynasty. The key events in Exodus which must be reflected in the history of the 18th dynasty are as follows: (a) the Pharaoh of the Oppression died during Moses’ sojourn in Midian according to Exodus 7:6; (b) the firstborn son of the Pharaoh of the Exodus – presumably the heir to the throne – died as a consequence of the tenth plague; (c) the Pharaoh of the Exodus himself died with his entire army when he pursued Israel through the Sea of Reeds according to Exodus 14:6-28, Psalm 106:9-12, and Psalm 136:15; and, (d) the ten plagues combined with the Sea of Reeds episode severely impacted lower Egypt economically and militarily. Steven Collins has carefully analyzed the historical synchronisms between the account in the Book of Exodus vis-a-vis the profiles of the pharaohs of the 18th and 19th dynasties in Egypt [Collins (2002)]. He demonstrates the substantial correlation that exists if Tuthmosis IV is identified as the Pharaoh of the Exodus. Collins’ historical synchronisms analysis is sufficiently compelling that I embrace 1406 BC as the biblical date for the Exodus, which corresponds to the end of the reign of Tuthmosis IV. This date agrees very well with the date derived from the Septuagint rendering of 1 Kings 6:1 – to wit, the Exodus occurred 440 years prior to the 4th year of Solomon’s reign.\nTimeline of the Wilderness Journey\nAccording to Numbers 33:3, the Israelites set forth from Egypt on the 15th day of the 1st month, which would have been the morning after the first Passover celebration. According to Exodus 19:1, the Israelites arrived at the base of Mt. Sinai on the 15th day of the 3rd month, which would have been exactly 2 months after leaving Egypt. From Exodus 40:17, they received the law and directions for constructing the tabernacle through Moses, and they completed the construction of the tabernacle by the end of the 1st year. According to Exodus 40:17, the tabernacle was actually erected in the 1st month of the 2nd year. From Numbers 10:11, the tribes of Israel broke camp and departed from Mt. Sinai exactly 13 months and 5 days after their departure from Egypt. Based upon available chronological data in the Book of Numbers, the date of the Israelites’ arrival at Kadesh Barnea is placed in the 15th month after their departure from Egypt. The estimate of 2 months for the duration of their trip from Mt. Sinai to Kadesh Barnea is partially based on the fact that, according to Numbers 11:20ff, the people received the miraculous visitation of quail to satisfy their hunger for meat over a period of 1 month.\nThe Kadesh Barnea Episode\nThe Kadesh Barnea episode is recorded in the 13th and 14th chapters of Numbers. While encamped at Kadesh Barnea, Moses dispatched the twelve spies to survey the land, the spies returned with their report, and the people responded to the report by refusing to trust the promise of Yahweh that he would give them victory over the tribes of the Canaanites. The apostasy of the people at Kadesh Barnea precipitated the period of wilderness wanderings, which, according to Deuteronomy 2:14, consumed 38 years. By the end of the 38 years, the entire generation which had experienced the Exodus from Egypt had died except for two men; namely, Caleb and Joshua. Chronologically, the key event in the Kadesh Barnea episode is the promise given to Caleb, which is stated in Numbers 14:24. According to this promise, he would survive the 38 years of wandering in the wilderness and would enter the land of Canaan. Allowing 2 months for completion of the spies’ reconnoitering mission, the timing of the promise to Caleb is placed in the 17th month after the Exodus.\nTimeline of the Wilderness Wanderings\nFrom Exodus 7:7, Moses was 80 years old at the time of the Exodus, and from Deuteronomy 34:7, he was 120 years old when he died while the Israelites were encamped on the plains of Moab opposite Jericho.\nAnother data point is derived from Exodus 16:35, where the period of the people’s dependence on manna is stated to be 40 years. According to Joshua 5:10-11, the Israelites observed Passover after having crossed the Jordan and just prior to the attack on Jericho. This Passover was precisely 40 years after the one observed the evening before the Exodus. According to Joshua 5:12, the daily provision of manna ceased at the same time. Thus, the period of time from the Exodus until the people were encamped at Gilgal nearby Jericho and ready to initiate the Conquest is determined to be precisely 40 years. Accordingly, the date I embrace for the beginning of the Conquest is 1366 BC, which lies in the first half of the LB IIA archaeological period according to Table 1.\nTimeline of the Conquest\nIn Joshua 14:10, Caleb states that 45 years had elapsed from the time of Yahweh’s promise to him at Kadesh Barnea to the conclusion of the Conquest. Based on the estimate above that the promise to Caleb was delivered in the 17th month after the Exodus, the end of the Conquest would have occurred approximately 46½ years after the Exodus. Therefore, the duration of the Conquest was 6½ years. To be precise, the Conquest was initiated in the spring of 1366 BC, and it was completed in the fall of 1360 BC. Accordingly, the entire Conquest occurred in the first half of the LB IIA archaeological period. However, because of a 30-year bias in the ceramic dating uncertainty combined with the fact that the fortress of Ai was a small and remote military outpost, a destruction that actually occurred in the first half of LB IIA would appear archaeologically to have occurred toward the end of LB I. 9\nImplications of the Biblical Timeline\nIn accordance with our analytical method for deriving the criterial screen for the conquest of Ai narrative, the biblical timeline is postulated to be true from the Exodus until the beginning of the Conquest. This establishes the archaeological context for the conquest of Ai narrative as lying near the end of the LB I according to the reasoning process summarized above. The conquest of Ai narrative is then subjected to a detailed analysis based upon the TNR formalism, and, in particular, upon empirical correspondence as manifested in the criterial screen. If it turns out that all of the criterial screen parameters are satisfied, then the narrative is determined to be factual. As a byproduct of this determination, the biblical timeline would be confirmed. We could then move forward or backward along the biblical timeline to consider other narratives where a similar analytical approach could be applied. On the other hand, if the conquest of Ai narrative should be confirmed as nonfactual, then at least that portion of the Bible should be regarded as either a remarkable, erroneous conception or worse: a deliberately and maliciously fabricated myth which is tantamount to a lie. Furthermore, the credibility of other portions of the Bible that rely upon the conquest of Ai narrative would be called into serious question.\nDERIVATION OF THE CRITERIAL SCREEN\nThe criterial screen derived from exegesis of the conquest of Ai narrative is the tool for evaluating the empirical correspondence between the narrative and the material time-space context it purports to describe. In fact, the criterial screen is the desired end-product of the exegesis of the text. Table 3 defines each parameter of the criterial screen, including a symbolic definition of the associated probability and the principal passage in the text from which it is derived. The following paragraphs summarize the derivation of each of the fourteen criterial screen parameters from the biblical text.10\nPredicate Criterial Screen\nThe first three parameters of the criterial screen in Table 3 form a predicate criterial screen. These particular parameters constitute the minimum set that is capable of discriminating between viable and nonviable sites for Joshua’s Ai. Even though the predicate screen consists of only three parameters, it is sufficiently explicit that only one of the three candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai survive its application. That single site is then subjected to the still more demanding requirements of the remaining eleven parameters of the criterial screen.\nExplanation of the Criterial Screen\nThe following paragraphs describe the derivation of each of the parameters of the criterial screen listed in Table 3.\nSite located in the Benjamin hill country and destroyed in the first half of LB IIA. This first parameter is of primary importance, for it culls out from further consideration all candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai that are not properly located in space and time according to the biblical text. Spatially, Joshua’s Ai was situated in the Benjamin hill country of Israel. (Refer to Figure 1 in Part Two for a more precise definition of the portion of the Benjamin hill country indicated by the biblical text and the results of past research.) Temporally, Joshua’s Ai was occupied during LB I and destroyed in the first half of LB IIA. On account of the 30-year bias in ceramic dating uncertainty and the fact that Joshua’s Ai was a small and remote military outpost, a destruction in the first half of LB IIA would appear archaeologically as having occurred toward the end of the previous period, LB I.\nTable 3. Criterial Screen for the Conquest of Ai Narrative\nSmall site with area less than 7 acres. According to Joshua 7:2-3, the fortress of Ai appeared to be so small that the spies recommended that only a contingent of 2E or 3E would be sufficient to take it. In accordance with Joshua 10:2, the area of Ai was smaller than that of Gibeon. Analysis of the area of Gibeon at the time of Joshua summarized above and detailed in Briggs (2007: 117-118) is based upon available data in Broshi & Gophna (1986: 82) and Finkelstein & Magen (1993) and yields the estimate of 11 ±4 acres; to wit, its area lay between a minimum value of 7 acres and a maximum value of 15 acres. Accordingly, I interpret the requirement that the area of the fortress of Ai be less than that of Gibeon to mean that the maximum value for the area of the fortress of Ai must be less than the minimum value for the area of Gibeon; namely, 7 acres.\nFortified site with wall and gate. There is no specific and direct biblical statement that Ai was fortified. However, a number of statements in the text of Joshua 7 and 8 present conclusive evidence that it was indeed fortified. In particular, the lines of evidence supporting fortification are as follows:\na. In Joshua 7:5, the flight of the Israelites after the first battle of Ai is described as having started from before or in front of the gate of the fortress. The existence of a gate implies that of a wall as well.\nb. An unfortified location would not have a “front” face. The fact that Joshua 8:11 describes the residual attack force under Joshua’s command as “arriving in front of the city” is only reasonable if the Israelites acquired a position that was before or in face-to-face opposition to the principal wall face and gate of the fortress of Ai.\nc. The divinely mandated ruse is not reasonable unless it was necessary for the Israelites to trick the Canaanites to leave the fortress open. If the site of Ai was unfortified, the overwhelming Israelite offensive force (5,730 versus a Canaanite defensive force estimated to be 750, or a 7.6-to-1 numerical advantage) could have entered it with impunity from any direction without employing a feigned retreat and ambush strategy.\nThe result of applying the predicate criterial screen. If S is the set of all sites in Israel, without regard to geographic location or period of occupation, then the parameters of the predicate criterial screen progressively narrow the set of candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai. As a result of completing the application of the first parameter, the set of potentially viable candidates is reduced to S1 , the sites in the Benjamin hill country that were occupied during LB I and destroyed in the first half of LB IIA. Application of the second parameter narrows the set of candidates further to S2 , those members of S1 that are smaller than 7 acres. Application of the third parameter narrows the set of candidates still further to S3 , those members of S2 that were fortified with wall and gate. In fact, as is demonstrated in the next section, S3 is populated by just one site. The function of the 4th through the 14th parameters of the criterial screen is to confirm the correct identification of that one site as Joshua’s Ai. For purposes of calculating a number of the probabilities P4 through P14 associated with the remaining 11 criterial screen parameters, the candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai are treated as a representative microcosm of the set of all fortified Benjamin hill country sites occupied during the time of Joshua.\nGate facing north to northeast. According to Joshua 8:11, the residual attack force “arrived in front of the city, and camped on the north side of Ai.” Thus, the principal gate of the fortress, or perhaps the only gate, was in the north or northeast face of the wall.\nHigh ridge north of the fortress within 2 kilometers and intervening shallow valley within 1 kilometer. According to Joshua 8:11, most of the 22E residual attack force was encamped north of the fortress in a location which was hidden from the view of the men of Ai. Joshua 8:11 further states that there was an intervening valley between this camp and the fortress. Hence, the Israelite camp must have been located on a high ridge, probably forested, which lay north of Ai.11 Moreover, Joshua and his immediate subordinates would have required an elevated location close to the fortress of Ai from which to direct the battle. The value of 2 kilometers is set for the threshold of proximity of the high ridge relative to the fortress. Ridges that were more distant than this could not satisfy all of the biblical requirements. Furthermore, according to Joshua 8:13, Joshua made his camp and “spent the night in the midst of the valley,” probably taking with him a small detachment of men from the residual attack force. Thus, from Joshua 8:11-13, two separate but related aspects of the topography north of Ai are derived. First, there must have been a high ridge north of the fortress, and then there must have been an intervening valley where Joshua and his men spent the night. The fact that the valley in question was shallow is indicated by Joshua 8:14, which states that the king of Ai was able to observe all of Joshua’s movements and the place where he and his men set up camp. The value of 1 kilometer is set for the threshold of proximity of the valley relative to the fortress.\nAmbush hiding place approximately southwest of the fortress within 3 kilometers. While the Canaanites were fixated on Joshua’s visual presentation of the detachment from the residual attack force on the north side of the fortress,12 it was essential that the 30E primary ambush force of Joshua 8:3-9 remain hidden from view. The topography surrounding the site of Ai had to be such that the primary ambush force could not be seen from either Ai or Bethel, the neighboring Canaanite city to the west. Based upon the combination of mildly contradictory directional indicators provided in the text (“behind” Ai, to the west of Ai, and “between” Ai and Bethel), it is concluded that the place of ambush was approximately southwest of the fortress.13 A proximity factor of 3 kilometers is selected because Joshua instructed the primary ambush force to acquire a position that was not far from the fortress according to Joshua 8:4.\nSuitable location for the feigned retreat maneuver north or northeast of the fortress within 3 kilometers. According to Joshua 8:14ff, the Israelite force deployed frontally against the north-facing wall and gate of the fortress allowed itself to be driven back as in the first battle of Ai, and it feigned retreat toward an “appointed place before the desert plain;” that is, a location which commanded a view of the Jordan valley to the east.14 The location was such that once the men of Ai had been drawn into pursuit of the Israelites, they would have been prevented from quick return to their fortress, thus opening a significant window of opportunity for the primary ambush force to penetrate the fortress and set a fire. Accordingly, the topography to the north and northeast of Ai would have been characterized by an expanse suitable for maneuvering armies, a view of the Jordan valley, and a natural barrier obstructing the rapid return of the Canaanites to their unprotected fortress. A proximity factor of 3 kilometers is selected for this parameter since the location in question could not be so far to the east as to obscure Joshua’s raised weapon signal in accordance with Joshua 8:18.\nEgress route with descent and shebarim within 3 kilometers. According to Joshua 7:5, in the first battle of Ai the Canaanites chased the fleeing Israelites as far as a specific location or landmark designated ‘the Shebârîym’, a term which is unique to this passage. Based upon available lexical data, this term denotes a prominent feature characterized by broken or jointed rock, quarrying, or possibly a ruin. To simplify nomenclature, the specific landmark spoken of in Joshua 7:5 is denoted ‘the Shebarim’ without diacritical marks, and candidate features observable in the region that may correspond to this specific one are denoted ‘shebarim’ or ‘shebarim formations’. According to Joshua 7:5, the features of a descent and the Shebarim were present along the egress route traversed by the Israelites in the first battle of Ai described in Joshua 7:4ff. Since these features characterized the route along which the men of Ai pursued the fleeing Israelites, they would necessarily have to exist within a short distance of Ai. A proximity factor of 3 kilometers is therefore selected. 15\nTrafficable routes to location. According to Joshua 8:3, Joshua and the entire army of Israel left the camp at Gilgal near Jericho and marched to a staging encampment close to the fortress of Ai. According to Joshua 8:9, the 30E primary ambush force initiated a nighttime march toward their assigned place of ambush close to and southwest of the fortress. In fact, they probably completed their ingress under cover of darkness to minimize observability from actual or potential enemy positions. The next morning, according to Joshua 8:10-11, Joshua led the residual attack force along a different route to a point north of the fortress, a march that was completed in a single day. Thus, there needed to be a well-defined, trafficable route, such as an existing road or a wadi network, to support each of these three marches.16\nViable engagement scenarios. The battle strategy described in the conquest of Ai narrative must be viable with respect to the geographical and topographical context of the site of Joshua’s Ai as well as with respect to the military technology possessed by the Israelite army.17 The key elements of the strategy are the feigned retreat maneuver, Joshua’s raised weapon signal, the role of the secondary ambush force of Joshua 8:12, and the primary ambush force assault described in Joshua 8:14-17. While the biblical text is unusually detailed, certain aspects of the engagement are not specifically addressed. This can be overcome by formulating an engagement scenario model that effectively interpolates the missing detail between the data points supplied by the text. It is essential that the engagement scenario model be realizable in its topographical context, given times, distances, available lines-of-sight, degree of forestation, etc. In particular, there must have been a viable means for Joshua’s raised weapon signal to be relayed to the 30E primary ambush force, and the ambush force must have been able to quickly penetrate the unprotected fortress once the signal was delivered. A key aspect of the Israelite’s military technology was the fact that they were neither trained nor equipped for siege warfare. In other respects, their military technology and strategy would have been a derivative of that manifested in the campaign of Tuthmosis III against Megiddo, ca. 1479 BC.\nCeramic artifacts appropriate to a small highland fortress. Not only must the ceramic artifacts be diagnostic to LB I & IIA, but the kinds of wares represented must be appropriate to a small and remote military outpost, including large storage vessels and common wares for cooking and serving food. One would not expect to find exotic imported wares at the fortress of Ai. Moreover, the ceramic materials found at such an outpost would most likely be dominated by LB I materials. In particular, because of the durability of large storage jars, only vessels of this genre which are diagnostic to LB I would be expected at the site of Joshua’s Ai.\nObject artifacts appropriate to a small highland fortress. In addition to the appropriate kinds of ceramic artifacts, one would expect to find objects that attest to a military location, such as gate post socket stones, sling stones, and possibly flint arrow and spear heads.\nConvenient line-of-sight to Bethel. Since, according to Joshua 8:17, the fighting men of Bethel joined those of Ai in pursuing the Israelites, there must have been a means for the king of Ai to signal his counterpart at Bethel. The location of the fortress and the topography between it and Bethel would have allowed signal passing between the two locations.\nEvidence of conflagration. According to Joshua 8:19, the 30E primary ambush force set a fire as soon as they had penetrated the fortress. Moreover, according to Joshua 8:2 & 28, the Israelites burned the entire fortress after they had removed “its spoil and its cattle,” making it a permanent heap of ruins. Therefore, evidence of a conflagration would be expected.\nAPPLICATION OF THE PREDICATE CRITERIAL SCREEN\nThree candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai emerge from past research as follows: (a) the traditional site, et-Tell; (b) Kh. Nisya; and, (c) Kh. el-Maqatir. Depicted in Figure 1 is the portion of the Benjamin hill country of interest to this research (namely, the 16 square kilometer tract bounded by grid coordinate 144,000 on the south, 148,000 on the north, 171,000 on the west, and 175,000 on the east) and the location of the three candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai with respect to each other and the geographical and topographical features in the vicinity. 18 19 The predicate criterial screen consists of the first three parameters listed in Table 3, of which the first is of primary importance. These three parameters constitute the minimum set which suffices to cull out the non-viable candidates for Joshua’s Ai, leaving only a single, viable candidate.\nApplication of the Predicate Criterial Screen to et-Tell\nWhile et-Tell is properly located in the Benjamin hill country, there is universal agreement among archaeologists that the site was not occupied during the LBA [Callaway (1993: 39-45)]; therefore, it fails to satisfy the first criterial screen parameter. Moreover, the area of the EBA city at et-Tell is 27.5 acres, which is nearly 4 times the screen value of 7 acres. Finally, while the EBA city at et-Tell was fortified, the only exposed gate structures are in the south or southeast sectors of the city, which contradicts the fourth parameter of the criterial screen in Table 3. Hence, the site of et-Tell satisfies, at best, only one out of three predicate criterial screen parameters, and therefore it is not a viable candidate for Joshua’s Ai.\nCallaway’s hypothesis. Joseph Callaway postulates that the conquest of Ai described in chapters 7 and 8 of Joshua actually took place during IA I [Callaway (1968: 312-320)]. He identifies the small, unwalled IA village that was situated on the acropolis of et-Tell as the Ai of Joshua, the area of that site being approximately 3 acres and thus satisfying the second criterial screen parameter. While Prof. Callaway is free to speculate on a skirmish at the site of et-Tell which might have occurred during the IA, such does not correspond with the battle described in Joshua 7 and 8. Rather than taking liberties with the biblical text in an attempt to harmonize it with archaeological evidence, the present analysis is directed toward identifying a site that corresponds precisely with the biblical text as written.\nFigure 1. Locations of the Three Candidate Sites For Joshua's Ai\nZevit’s hypothesis. Zevit (1985) postulates a battle scenario for the conquest of Ai as it might have played out at the site of et-Tell. Actually, there are a number of factors in the topography surrounding et-Tell which fail to correspond with the narrative of Joshua 8. In particular, there is no suitable hiding place for the 30E ambush force southwest of the site in accordance with Joshua 8:2-9.20 While there is a high ridge to the north, the intervening valley is the Wadi el-Gayeh, which is deep and steep-walled at that point. Thus, the topography north of the site precludes the playing out of the battle scenario as described in Joshua 8:9-28.\nABR Editorial note: ABR does not endorse Mr. Brigg's view that the Exodus occurred in 1406, and the Conquest in 1366. We believe the biblical texts require a date of 1446 for the Exodus and 1406 for the beginning of the Conquest.\nTo Part FourTo Part Four >> Back to Part Two\n9. In Briggs (2007: 120-122) the factors contributing to temporal uncertainty are analyzed, which leads to the conclusion that the uncertainty associated with ceramic dating of archaeological contexts of the Late Bronze Age has a mean value of 30 years and a standard deviation around the mean value of 30 years. The mean value represents a bias such that archaeological contexts will always appear to be more ancient than they truly are.\n10. Refer to Briggs (2007: 87-114) for the detailed exegesis of the biblical text in support of the formulation of the criterial screen.\n11. Refer to Briggs (2007: 109) for a discussion of the data in support of at least the high ridges in the Benjamin hill country being forested at the time of Joshua.\n12. This detachment, denoted the ruse attack force, was probably 3E in size to emulate the attack force of Joshua 7. It is noteworthy that if the king of Ai had accurately assessed the magnitude of the threat to the north, he would have secured the fortress and forced the Israelites to engage in a prolonged siege, for which they were neither trained nor equipped. Thus, Joshua would have kept most of the residual attack force hidden from view.\n13. Refer to Briggs (2007: 100-101) for detailed exegesis of the biblical text supporting the derivation of the 6th criterial screen parameter.\n14. Refer to Briggs (2007: 105-106) for detailed exegesis of the biblical text concerning “the appointed place”.\n15. Refer to Figures 9-11 in Briggs (2007) for illustrations of candidate shebarim formations; refer to Briggs (2007: 131-132) and the associated Figures 22-25 for postulated engagement scenarios for the first battle of Ai.\n16. Refer to Briggs (2007: 133-137) and the associated Figures 23-31 for the postulated engagement scenario for the second battle of Ai.\n17. Refer to Briggs (2007: 60-63) for a discussion of the ancient military technology pertinent to this research.\n18. For additional detail concerning the candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai refer to Briggs (2007: 51-53).\n19. For additional detail concerning the locations and topographical contexts of the three candidate sites for Joshua’s Ai, refer to Briggs (2007: 123-128) and the associated Figures 14-21.\n20. For the detailed exegesis of the biblical text in regard to the location of the encampment of the primary ambush force, refer to Briggs (2007:100-101). The combination of directional indicators in the text require that this encampment be approximately southwest of the fortress of Ai.\nAmiran, R. 1970 Ancient Pottery of the Holy Land, p. 12. Rutgers University Press.\nBoling, R.G. 1982 The Anchor Bible: Joshua. New York: Doubleday.\nBriggs, P. 2007 Testing the Factuality of the Conquest of Ai Narrative in the Book of Joshua, 5th ed. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Trinity Southwest University Press.\nBright, J. 1981 A History of Israel, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Westminister Press.\nBroshi, M. & Gophna, R. 1986 Middle Bronze Age II Palestine: its settlements and population. Bulletin of American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 261, pp. 73-95.\nCallaway, J. A. 1968 New evidence on the conquest of ) Ai. Journal of Biblical Literature , Vol. LXXXVII, No. III, pp. 312-320.\nCallaway, J. A. 1970 The 1968-1969 %Ai (et-Tell) excavations. Bulletin of American Society for Oriental Research, Vol. 198, pp. 10-12.\nCallaway, J. A. 1993 Article on Ai in, The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Stern, E. (Ed.), pp. 39-45. New York: Simon & Schuster.\nCassuto, U. 1983 The Documentary Hypothesis and the Composition of the Pentateuch. Translated by I. Abrahams. Jerusalem: Magnes.\nCollins, S. 2002 Let My People Go: Using Historical Synchronisms to Identify the Pharaoh of the Exodus. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Trinity Southwest University Press.\nCollins, S. & Oller, J. W., Jr. 2000 Biblical history as true narrative representation. The Global Journal of Classical Theology, Vol. 2, No. 2.\nFeller, W. 1957 An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.\nFinegan, J. 1998 Handbook of Biblical Chronology, p. xxxv. Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers, Inc.\nFinkelstein, I. & Magen, Y. (Eds.) 1993 Archaeological Survey of the Benjamin Hill Country, p. 46. Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority.\nFouts, D. M. 1992 The Use of Large Numbers in the Old Testament, With Particular Emphasis on the Use of ‘elep. Doctoral dissertation, Dallas Theological Seminary, Dallas, Texas.\nFouts, D. M. 1997 A defense of the hyperbolic interpretation of large numbers in the Old Testament. Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 377-388.\nFrick, F. S. 1977 The City in Ancient Israel, pp. 25-55. Missoula, Montana: Scholars Press.\nGottwald, N. K. 1979 The Tribes of Yahweh, pp. 270-276. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books.\nHansen, D. G. 2000 Evidence for Fortifications at Late Bronze I and II Locations in Palestine. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Trinity College & Seminary, Newburgh, Indiana.\nHayes, W. C. 1975 Chronological tables (A) Egypt. Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. II, No. 2, p. 1038.\nHayes, J. H. & Miller, J. M. (Eds.) 1977 Israelite and Judean History. Philadelphia: Trinity Press International.\nHumphreys, C. J. 1998 The number of people in the Exodus from Egypt: decoding mathematically the very large numbers in Numbers I and XXVI. Vetus Testamentum, Vol. 48, pp. 196-213.\nHumphreys, C. J. 2000 The numbers in the Exodus from Egypt: a further appraisal. Vetus Testamentum, Vol. 50, pp. 323-328.\nKaiser, W. C., Jr. 1987 Toward Rediscovering the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House.\nKelso, J. L., & Albright, W.F. 1968 The excavation of Bethel. In Kelso, J.L. (Ed.), Annual of American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. XXXIX, Cambridge.\nKenyon, K. M. 1957 Digging Up Jericho. London.\nKenyon, K. M. 1960 Archaeology in the Holy Land. London: Benn.\nKitchen, K. A. 1992 History of Egypt (chronology). The Anchor Bible Dictionary, Freedman, D. N. (Ed.), Vol. 2, pp. 322-331. New York: Doubleday.\nKitchen, K. A. 1996 The historical chronology of ancient Egypt: a current assessment. Acta Archaeologica, Vol. 67, pp. 1-13.\nLaSor, W. S. 1979 Article on archaeology in, The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Bromiley, G. W. (Gen. Ed.), Vol. One, pp. 235-244. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans Publishing Company.\nLivingston, D. P. 1970 Location of Bethel and Ai Reconsidered. Westminister Theological Journal, Vol. 33, pp. 20-24.\nLivingston, D. P. 1971 Traditional site of Bethel Questioned. Westminister Theological Journal, Vol. 34, pp. 39-50.\nLivingston, D. P. 1994 Further considerations on the location of Bethel at El-Bireh. Palestine Exploration Quarterly, Vol. 126, pp. 154-159.\nLivingston, D. P. 1999 Is Kh. Nisya the Ai of the Bible? Bible and Spade, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 13-20.\nMendenhall, G. E. 1958 The census of Numbers 1 and 26. Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 77, pp. 52-66.\nMiller, J. M. & Hayes, J. H. 1986 A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. Philadelphia: The Westminister Press.\nNa’aman, N. 1994 The ‘Conquest of Canaan’ in the Book of Joshua and in History. In Finkelstein, I. & Na’aman, N. (Eds.). From Nomadism to Monarchy. Washington: Biblical Archaeology Society.\nOller, J. W., Jr. 1996 Semiotic theory applied to free will, relativity, and determinacy: or why the unified field theory sought by Einstein could not be found. Semiotica, Vol. 108, No. 3 & 4, pp. 199-244.\nOller, J. W., Jr. & Collins, S. 2000 The logic of true narratives. The Global Journal of Classical Theology, Vol. 2, No. 2.\nPetrie, W. M. F. 1931 Egypt and Israel, pp. 40-46. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Originally published in 1910.\nWenham, G. J. 1981 Numbers: An Introduction and Commentary, pp. 56-66. Downers Grove, Illinois: Inter-Varsity Press.\nWente, E. & Van Siclen, C., III 1977 A chronology of the New Kingdom, Table 1, p. 218. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization No. 39. Chicago: The Oriental Institute.\nWood, B. G. 2000a Khirbet el-Maqatir, 1995-1998. Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 50, pp. 123-130. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society.\nWood, B. G. 2000b Khirbet el-Maqatir, 1999. Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 50, pp. 249-254. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society.\nWood, B. G. 2000c Kh. El-Maqatir 2000 Dig Report. Bible and Spade, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 67-72.\nZevit, Z. 1985 The Problem of Ai: New Theory Rejects the Battle as Described in the Bible but Explains How the Story Evolved. Biblical Archaeology Review, Vol. XI, No. 2, pp. 58-69.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1786886"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5830642580986023,"wiki_prob":0.4169357419013977,"text":"WOMAN CAUGHT WITH HEROIN AND COCAINE IN HER VEHICLE\nOver 21 pounds of cocaine and heroin totaling $250,000 was in a woman's Mercedes Benz\nU.S. Border Patrol agents arrested a woman on Thursday afternoon April 15, 2021. She was transporting more than 21 pounds of heroin and cocaine in her vehicle in San Clemente, California.\nAt approximately 12 p.m., agents pulled over the female driver traveling in a silver Mercedes C300 northbound on Interstate 5. While agents questioned the driver, a K9 alerted to the trunk of the vehicle. Inside the vehicle’s trunk, agents discovered nine wrapped packages consistent with the characteristics of narcotics smuggling.\nThe nine packages weighed more than 21 pounds and contained 11.5 pounds of heroin and 9.8 pounds of cocaine. The narcotics have an estimated street value of $250,425.\nThe 22-year-old female U.S. citizen, along with the heroin and cocaine were turned over to the Drug Enforcement Administration for further investigation. The Mercedes Benz was seized by Border Patrol.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line799813"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6769514083862305,"wiki_prob":0.32304859161376953,"text":"'It's complicated': how your NYE celebrations are being privatised\nBy Joseph O’Donoghue\nDecember 30, 2018 — 12.07pm\nNew Year’s Eve in Sydney was always a simple affair. Dusting off that picnic rug, it was as easy as making a few salads and buying some bread rolls with a chook, putting some white wine into the cooler bag and organising the family to get to the best vantage point to watch the fireworks. What's more, it was free.\nBut this year, as we blink and another year whisks by, more and more councils and government agencies are turning to a “user pays” template for New Year's Eve.\nCreated by the state government, this seductive blueprint for councils complicates a once uncomplicated community event with shortsighted regulation and unnecessary overreach. Now, in order to gain access to the most sought after public-space vantage points, Sydneysiders must purchase tickets online for the minimum price of $40 per adult.\nThe ''user pays'' system was introduced in 2011 by the Office of Environment and Heritage to spots such as the Botanical Gardens and Bradleys Head on the north shore (current ticket price around $60 per adult), and local furore was immediate. Undeterred by the raucous public sentiment at the time, the concept has been ramped up and in use ever since.\nWith their jobs made easier by this system, NSW Police have been encouraging councils and government-sponsored organisations such as Property NSW, which manages the Circular Quay and The Rocks precincts, to adopt this \"user pays\" approach for safety purposes. This year, North Sydney Council will be trialling the approach at Blues Point and three more venues in The Rocks will be ticketed.\nWhat we are witnessing is a worrying trend towards the privatisation and outsourcing of our community’s largest coming together, with councils and government agencies shirking their responsibilities around the event.\nIt's a ''user pays'' New Year's Eve in Sydney. Credit:Steven Siewert\nCurious about the concept (and angry) I rang a few councillors to ask more about it. Apparently, these new regulations are necessary to further bolster public safety, or so I was told. “Additional safety from what, exactly?” I asked.\nNew Year's Eve in Sydney is famously dominated by family activity. Out of the 1.6 million revellers who attended last year, there were only 13 arrests. The Economist ranks Sydney the 7th safest city in the world, ahead of Stockholm and Zurich. So where is the danger from which we need additional protection? I wasn’t provided with many answers.\nThe clean-up cost for the mess we make is exorbitant, councillors told me. However, these are the same councils that charge the highest rates in the country. And Sydneysiders are already forking out $7 million to fund the fireworks. On the flipside, it’s an evening that contributes at least $130 million to the local economy. The existing business model is thriving.\nIt’s not until you take a step back to consider all of the new rules and processes, and their costs, that the absurdity of the concept becomes impossible to ignore.\nWebsites need to be built, information numbers set-up (and manned) and ticketing partners contracted. Security staff need to be hired, trained and paid at public holiday rates. Barriers must be rented, brought in on trucks, set-up, dismantled and returned.\nGuests will only be allowed to access food from premium-priced food vans. While booze is illegal on the rest of the foreshore, those with tickets can buy alcohol from bars at many of the venues. Management staff, bar staff and clean-up crews all need to be paid. Bags and IDs will be checked upon entry – all of this simply to enter our own public land. How did it all get so ridiculous?\nLife for the locals living in the vicinity of these events will also be more complex. If you live at Blues Point, for example, you’ll need an ID and bag check just to gain access to your own home. Guests attending your party will have their alcohol confiscated if you haven’t already \"carried it in\" for them by 8am New Year's Eve. Without tickets, you won’t even be able to access your own local public reserve. None of it makes any sense.\nThose who aren’t locals, perhaps coming in from western Sydney, can almost forget about it. Ticketing costs on top of tolls will make accessing prime locations uneconomical and out-of-reach for many families. One can’t help but feel there is a hint of exclusionism in this new approach.\nAt the very least, we are being shoehorned into a segregated New Year's Eve. Split between those with tickets, who have access to the best vantage points and alcohol, and the rest of us squeezing into the remaining vantage points while banned from even clinking a celebratory glass of champagne at midnight.\nThis “user pays” construct seeks to put on autopilot a community event that should be nurtured. The wonderful effervescence of an entire community ringing in the New Year together should be sacred and protected. As should free access to our own public spaces to enjoy the atmosphere. Local spirit needs to be encouraged, not fenced off by our councils and police.\nIf we’re not happy with the new path we’re being walked down, it is up to us to let our councils know what we think about it.\nJoseph O’Donoghue is head of memberships at Keep Sydney Open.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line483334"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.621756374835968,"wiki_prob":0.621756374835968,"text":"Posted on October 31, 2018 by DarkwyndPT\nWell, it’s Halloween! So, ghosts, goblins and other things that go bump in the night, today we’re going to take a look at the sequel of my very 1st horror-themed review, The 7th Guest. I’m talking about The 11th Hour.\nThe 11th Hour is an adventure game developed by Trilobyte and published by Virgin. It was originally released in 1995 for DOS. It was ported to Macintosh in 1997 and re-released by Night Dive Studios in 2013 for Macintosh and Windows.\nGraeme Devine, Trilobyte’s main designer and programmer, created a new video compression program called Wavelet and updated the Groovie engine used in The 7th Guest specifically for this game (which would later be used in subsequent Trilobyte titles).\nBut, as always, before we take a look at the game, let’s first look at the covers:\nThis is the US cover and apart from the title, which looks cool, it’s a bit of a mess with several clocks, wires and remains of a baby doll. I see where Trilobyte was going with this, but I find it very confusing.\nLuckily, the European version is a bit better:\nNow, this one I like better. Yes, I understand if some people find it too simplistic, but the use of the baby doll’s head along with the strings and the colour red in a black background, makes it look more ominous, fitting for a horror-themed game.\nAnd now, as always, let’s boot this child of the night:\nThe game starts with a long intro cutscene introducing our main characters: Carl Denning, the host of the TV show “Cases Unsolved” and its producer; Robin Morales. The intro starts with Carl watching the news about Robin’s disappearance and the series of unsolved murders she was investigating before disappearing.\nCarl then receives the GameBook (a PDA-like laptop) by mail with a video from Robin asking for help and an image of Stauf’s mansion. Carl then goes to Harley-on-the-Hudson, where Robin was last seen while remembering their last interaction. Carl arrives at Stauf’s mansion and after solving a riddle via the GameBook to open the mansion’s door, the game properly starts.\nThe 11th Hour, just like its predecessor, uses logical puzzles to advance the plot, but with an added element to the gameplay: 1st you receive a riddle by Stauf in the GameBook referring to any object in the mansion, then you have to find and interact with said object to solve the riddle, but every time you enter a new room, you can’t interact with any object whatsoever until you solve the puzzle located in a said room to “unlock” the objects and the rest of the room. And there are also a lot of “red herring” objects you can interact with.\nThe beginning of the intro featuring our hero, Carl Denning, played by Douglas O’Keeffe.\nAnd every time you solve a riddle, you’re awarded a short cutscene, usually depicting Robin’s investigation before her disappearance (later in the game, it also shows Carl’s adventure in the mansion). The game’s story is divided into acts (represented by each passing hour), in which at the end of each act, a longer cutscene plays (including the smaller cutscenes you’ve “collected” so far), advancing the story along.\nTo help you, you have the aforementioned GameBook, which substitutes the Ouija board from the last game as the in-game menu. In it, you can save and load and you’ll also have access to a map (and although the mansion’s layout is still the same, it’s good to know which rooms are accessible and which puzzles remain unsolved or not) and a help button that substitutes the library book from the last game. The first 2 times you use it, it gives you hints to the puzzle or riddle you’re currently solving and the 3rd time, it solves the puzzle or riddle for you (although you still have to search for and interact with the objects to solve the riddles). But this time, however, there’s no penalty whatsoever in using the help feature to solve the puzzles and riddles. But you can’t use it to solve the last puzzle (which we’ll talk about later on).\nLooks familiar?\nThe riddles usually use anagrams and if you’re bad with anagrams (like I am) then it’s a good thing there’s the GameBook. And the new puzzles are even harder than in the previous game. Remember the dreaded microscope puzzle in The 7th Guest? Guess what. It’s back with a vengeance! AND IT’S NOT EVEN THE HARDEST PUZZLE IN THIS GAME! Maybe that’s why there’s no penalty in using the help feature to bypass the puzzles now. And, as always, Stauf taunts you throughout the game, especially if you fail a puzzle or riddle. And again as always, his taunts get old fast due to repetition.\nThe cutscenes are now longer (sometimes a bit too long) with better video quality than in The 7th Guest. Robert Hirschboeck (Henry Stauf), Julia Tucker (Julia Heine), Larry Roher (Ed Knox) and the late Debra Ritz Mason (Martine Burden) are back to reprise their roles and Hirschboeck again turns the ham all the up to 11 while playing Stauf, whether it’s live-action or just voiceover. The new actors, however, aren’t as memorable. Although some of them are renowned TV actors, their performance ranges from bad to acceptable, with some really good moments here and there.\nThe GameBook with one of the riddles displayed.\nThe story is now darker with some gore with 1 or 2 adult scenes here and there. And for the most part, it isn’t that bad. But halfway through, Trilobyte throws at us some poorly plot points added only for shock value.\nAnd the production value, although better than in The 7th Guest, is equal to a 90s suspense TV movie. Honestly, I had more fun with the puzzles than I had to watch the cutscenes. And also, all the dark zany humour present in the previous game is now mostly gone, with a few moments here and there with Stauf.\nThe new 16-bit graphics are definitely an improvement, with much better detail. But since the game now occurs in the 90s, the mansion is rundown and debilitated, which means that although the graphical quality is better, the game isn’t prettier which ruins the atmosphere in my opinion.\nIf the intent was to make the game more visually scary, then it failed that purpose, even if you play it in “spooky mode” (just the game in faded black and white). And also, there’s a lot of visual references to The 7th Guest (in case we forget we’re playing a sequel to it) and even one small reference to another famous FMV adventure game of the time.\nOne of the several puzzles for you to solve.\nThis leads us to the animation. The animation, again, is better in terms of graphical quality but now with some top-quality special effects (well, top quality for the time, that is). There are no longer weird auras around the actors (which prompted The 7th Guest to become a ghost story in the 1st place), but there are still some pretty obvious green screen effects (it was kind of new at the time). I have to say that the animation is actually one of the best parts of the game.\nNow in terms of music, George “The Fatman” Sanger is back as the main composer and not only does he brings remixes of the previous game’s musical score but also some new themes, which in their majority aren’t as good. Except for Mr Death, the main menu theme, which is quite catchy. Also, instead of taking advantage of the new technologies to improve the music quality to CD audio, Trilobyte released the music in MIDI format, which was kind of outdated by 1995’s CD-ROM standards.\nThis brings us, finally, to the end of the game and before discussing it, here’s your spoiler alert:\nWithout revealing too much, the game now has 3 endings to choose from, ranging from good to not-so-good, to bad. However, there’s a small detail: you can only save the game right before solving the final riddle and the final puzzle.\nAnd after choosing one of the endings, if you reload your save file to see the other endings, you obviously need to solve them again. But here’s the catch: the final puzzle gets harder the more endings you unlock and the previous solution no longer works. So you might want to see the best ending first.\nOk, spoilers over!\nSo, in conclusion, The 11th Hour is technically bigger and better in comparison with its predecessor, but it fails to provide a proper scary atmosphere and therefore, it lacks the previous game’s charm. And also due to the order of the riddles and fact that the game is divided into acts, it’s a bit more linear this time.\nIf you’re a The 7th Guest fan or simply enjoy logic puzzles and riddles, then you might want to give it a shot. But for traditional adventure games fans, I can’t really recommend it. If you want to play it though, you can buy it here on GOG.com or here on Steam.\nThe library in spooky mode.\nBefore wrapping up the review, here are a few curious tidbits: The 11th Hour is definitely a mature game, but did you know it was supposed to be rated even more adult? R-rated sex scenes were planned, which prompt the rumour of an uncut and uncensored version of the game, but said scenes were never filmed. However, the script for the R-rated version can be found on the official strategy guide (and in the digital versions).\nAnd like its predecessor, The 11th Hour had great commercial success, selling around 300,000 copies in the US alone, despite the mixed reviews it received. Trilobyte would later make a compilation of some of the puzzles found in both games (along with some from another title, Clandestiny) in Uncle Henry’s Playhouse.\nUfff! I thought that would never end! So, ghosts, goblins and other things that go bump in the night, I hope you’ve all enjoyed the review. And wish you all a happy and scary Halloween, WHATEVER YOU ARE! BWAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA!\nAdventure DOS Halloween Horror Mystery Puzzle Retro Review Videogames\nSpace Racer review\nPingback: The 7th Guest review | Retro Freak Reviews","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1487280"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9460947513580322,"wiki_prob":0.9460947513580322,"text":"December 1978: The Doobie Brothers Release \"Minute by Minute\"\n(Warner Bros)\nBy 1978, The Doobie Brothers were in a quandary. The band's previous LP, Livin' on a Fault Line, was one of their very few that failed to produce even a single Top 40 hit. The group's longtime leader, Tom Johnston, had to bow out of making the follow-up record, due to increasing health issues. That put one of The Doobie Brothers' newest members, Michael McDonald, square in the hot seat.\nRELATED: September 1980: The Doobie Brothers Release \"One Step Closer\"\nGetting together with songwriting partner, Kenny Loggins, McDonald cranked out a new song for the band's next record. That tune turned out to be the title track, \"Minute by Minute.\" From there, the rest was history. The Doobie Brothers released the Minute by Minute album on December 1, 1978. The album flew up the Billboard charts, peaking at #1 for two weeks in April 1979. When the dust settled at the end of the year, the record hit the top spot five times in non-consecutive weeks.\nOne bonus from the band's broadening fan base: according to bass player Tiran Porter, a marked increase of black people at their concerts. “They were going, ‘Hey, who’s this white guy who sounds black?’” he told Rolling Stone. “A lot more of my people started showing up. I was like, ‘Yeah!””\nThe lead single from the LP, \"What a Fool Believes,\" also charged up the charts, peaking at #1 on the Hot 100 for the week of April 14, 1979.\nThe album's title track served as the second single from the set, climbing as high as #14 over the week of June 23, 1979.\n\"Dependin' on You,\" featuring guitarist Patrick Simmons on lead vocals, crashed the top 30 to hit #25 in October 1979. The track also boasted Nicolette Larson on background vocals.\nThe Doobie Brothers and Minute by Minute were the toast of the 22nd annual Grammys in 1980. The album took the prize for Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group, and was even nominated for Album of the Year. \"What a Fool Believes\" walked away with Record of the Year and Song of the Year.\nMinute by Minute\nMichael McDonald","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line755514"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6363614797592163,"wiki_prob":0.3636385202407837,"text":"Kristin Iversen\nPhoto by Joe Raedle/Getty Images\nWatch A Republican Lecture Americans About Buying Health Care, Not iPhones\nThis is a false equivalency\nYesterday, House Republicans released their heavily anticipated plan to replace the Affordable Care Act, finally answering the question that so many of us had been asking over the last several weeks: Do these guys actually know what they're doing?\nShort answer? No. The long answer is a bit more complicated, but, suffice it to say, there's a ton of problems with this health care plan, which has even conservative commentators acknowledging its flaws and saying they have \"yet to read a single positive analysis of it.\" But one of the biggest problems with this new plan is that, rather than prioritize people's access to health care, what it actually does is serve as \"a tax cut for wealthy people's investment income\" and as \"a tax deduction for CEOs making more than $500K a year.\"\nBut what about all those people who are not incredibly wealthy and who still need to find health insurance, lest they incur the year-long 30 percent surcharge that the plan promises for those who go without health care for two months? Well, as per Republican Congressman Jason Chaffetz, those people can just give up on their iPhone.\nSpeaking on CNN this morning, Chaffetz said, \"You know what, Americans have choices, and they've gotta make a choice. So maybe rather than getting that new iPhone that they just love and want to spend hundreds of dollars on, maybe they should invest in their own health care. They've gotta make these decisions themselves.\"\nFirst, I've got to say, congratulations to Chaffetz for clearly never having had to pay a medical bill without the help of employer-subsidized insurance (specifically the excellent health insurance provided to all government employees). Must be nice! But if Chaffetz thinks that the several hundreds of dollars that someone pays for an iPhone once every couple of years compares in any way to the hundreds of dollars per month that most health insurance plans cost—to say nothing of the thousands upon thousands of dollars that even a minor injury or illness can incur for those who are uninsured—then, much like the leader of his party, he must also be getting all his news from Fox & Friends, because this is the craziest false equivalency I've heard in some time.\nThe fact is, there might be extravagances that some people can cut from their lives in order to do something like pay for an iPhone, but pretending that abstaining from buying what is not, at this point, even a luxury item anymore (seriously, though, smartphones are an integral part of living in contemporary society) is offensive to all the people who have accrued major medical bills when they were un- or even under-insured. That Republicans are lecturing millions of Americans on saving a few hundred dollars while they give massive tax breaks to the wealthiest among us demonstrate just how little they care for the plight of the very people who help to keep them in office. It would be darkly humorous if it weren't for the fact that millions of lives are put in danger by such a flawed plan, whose costs are expected to be borne by those who can least afford it; as it is, there's nothing funny about it. Well, maybe this one perfect tweet.\nBut perhaps what's most infuriating is that it is, in fact, products like iPhones and really nice cars and huge TVs, which are now accessible to the majority of American households, even those that have some level of financially insecurity, that serve as placebos for the poor; the ubiquity of these things that were once thought luxuries allows people like Chaffetz to act as if economic suffering isn't real in this country and that the poor don't actually suffer from vastly lower quality of life than do he and his wealthy cronies. But financial problems can coexist with iPhone ownership, and proposing a healthcare system which will destabilize millions of economically threatened Americans will only throw those problems into starker relief.\nSo when it comes down to owning an iPhone or paying for exorbitantly priced insurance premiums, perhaps it's actually a better decision to get the smartphone, because, hey, at least you can use it to look for the kind of job that gives you healthcare benefits that won't bankrupt you. Maybe one like representative for Utah's 3rd congressional district? That might be opening up sooner than you'd think.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1317757"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9937545657157898,"wiki_prob":0.9937545657157898,"text":"Kanye West, Billie Eilish, And Harry Styles Were Announced As The Official Headliners For Coachella’s 2022 Festival\nby: Wongo OkonInstagramTwitter January 12, 2022\nAfter months of speculation and two aborted attempts to bring it back, Coachella will make its return this year. The showcase has officially announced its headliners and it’s different than originally intended. Travis Scott, Frank Ocean, and Rage Against The Machine were set to headline, but Frank moved his set to the 2023 show while Travis Scott and Rage Against The Machine were dropped from the bill. Now, Coachella has revealed that Kanye West, Billie Eilish, and Harry Styles will take over as headliners.\nA post shared by Coachella (@coachella)\nWest and Eilish were very busy last year. West released his tenth album, Donda, which became his tenth to top the charts. Meanwhile, Eilish’s second album, Happier Than Ever, spent three consecutive weeks at No. 1. As for Styles, he’s been fairly quiet lately, his most recent being Fine Line in 2019. That album topped the charts and gave him a No. 1 single with “Watermelon Sugar,” which also received a 2021 Grammy Award in the Best Pop Solo Performance category.\nOther performers at the festival will include Lil Baby, Big Sean, Baby Keem, Phoebe Bridgers, Daniel Caesar, Megan Thee Stallion, 21 Savage, Giveon, Doja Cat, Ari Lennox, City Girls, Brockhampton, Isaiah Rashad, JID, Denzel Curry, Vince Staples, and more.\nTopics: #Coachella, #Kanye WestTags: Billie Eilish, coachella, Coachella 2022, HARRY STYLES, Kanye West","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line687495"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6892197132110596,"wiki_prob":0.6892197132110596,"text":"Archive for May 11, 2016\nLeaping Under the Covers of the Peritoneum\nExtreme, often intimate stories–horrific, bizarre, scary, offensive, funny, absurd, disturbing, or just plain WTF–in turns or all at the same time–when am I going to produce a by-the-rules book that will lure in readers by targeting their comfort zones with words that don’t explode? Not any time soon…\nAs I write this post, the first goal of which is to show off amazing cover art by Aaron Drown Design, I am getting ready to travel to Las Vegas for StokerCon, the Horror Writers’ Association’s major convention, where I will see print copies of my new short story collection Peritoneum as well as new editions of Leaping at Thorns and Reel Dark for the first time. (For more about the new Reel Dark, see “REEL DARK in the Spotlight,” and for even more about Peritoneum, see “Inside the Peritoneum.”)\nAs I’ve already posted, Reel Dark has new stories by Michael West and Alexander S. Brown, and since the book’s first edition had very limited exposure, all of it is new to almost everyone, so I’m excited about it. The collection of award-winning authors as well as newer voices spinning tales of movie mayhem is destined to please lovers of dark fiction. Yes, I’ve got a story in it, but unlike the other two books I’m talking about here, this one ain’t about me. I’m showing off a collection of other people’s work, stories and poems I really like, and I’m darned proud of it.\nLike the new edition of Reel Dark, the second edition of Leaping at Thorns is bigger than the first, with one tale added in each of the three sections. (Unlike Reel Dark, these stories are all me.) To the “Complicity” section I’ve added “Silence,” about a woman who keeps losing people, literally, after she has a surreal experience in an abandoned house. To “Entrapment,” I’ve added “House of Butterflies,” in which flesh does more than crawl–it flies. To “Conspiracy,” I’ve added “Kindertotenlieder,” about a twentieth-century Pied Piper whose storybook vengeance is even more horrific than the worst version you’ve read. With these additions, the book provides an even better view of the self-obliterating drive toward darkness that binds all the stories together. With the stunning new cover and support from Seventh Star Press–and with the first edition’s enthusiastic reviews–I’m looking forward to Leaping at Thorns freaking out a larger audience.\nSo what, then, of the newest addition to the bunch–the one with the guts on the cover and the hard-to-pronounce title, Peritoneum? It’s a different kind of animal. In a very small circle of friends I’ve been calling it a Winesburg, Ohio on acid, not because it’s about small-town life (although a significant number of stories focuses on a suburban house… especially its basement) but because the stories share characters and inform one another. In fact, although I published a few stories separately, and a few stories only relate to the whole tangentially, I wrote the vast majority of these tales to stand alongside the other tales. That design makes this book very different from Leaping at Thorns, which has some interrelated stories that nevertheless stand alone. In Peritoneum, I hope you’ll enjoy reading stories individually, but you’ll get a lot more out of them if you read them together. The volume starts with “The Family Pet” and “Blood and Feathers” because they introduce elements that run throughout the book, and it ends with “The Birds of St. Francis” and “The Broom Closet Where Everything Dies” because they tie a lot of those elements together.\nDon’t let me mislead you. I don’t promise that the stories make sense when you read them all together. Sure, they make more sense. Some of the WTFs in “The Eternal Recurrence of Suburban Abortion” get answered in the next tale, “TR4B,” and even the comical scenario of “DNA” gets backstory work in “The Broom Closet Where Everything Dies.” HOWEVER–my goal is to offer little eddies of revelation in a greater sea of insanity, where sense and reason fail more often than they succeed. Lots of horror stories have endings that explain the horrors and box them away. Many of them are good. Few of them scare me.\nWhat scares me is the breakdown of sense, the failure of perception. As a result, my stories and the perceptions inside of them tend to break down. Sometimes, I couch the breakdown overtly in terms of the supernatural and/or mental illness and/or drugs (especially in “Patrick’s Luck,” “The Road Thief,” “The Long Flight of Charlotte Radcliffe,” and “Door Poison”), and sometimes I just let them unwind by their own devices. My hope is that the stories, while not always conventionally satisfying, will disturb you on some level–move you to feel afraid, amused, bewildered, and so on–and result in entertainment, albeit of a brooding and uncomfortable sort.\nOh, I worry about things. “Blood and Feathers” has two endings, neither of which is a resolution… “Year of the Wolf” pivots around quotes from an obscure World War Two documentary as well as a scientific curiosity… “Juicy the Liar” opens with a line about eating pussy… I thought of “Bubble Girl” as YA until readers started seeing all kinds of crazy sex stuff in it that I thought was buried well under the surface… “The Broom Closet” goes beyond nasty… much could go wrong in the reading of Peritoneum. But without that possibility, I’m not sure it could really go right, either.\nCategory: Book Thoughts |\nlandrew42 | May 6, 2016\nSouthern Haunts 3: Fantastic Flights, Historic Hurlyburly\nSouthern Haunts 3: Magick Beneath the Moonlight is a short-fiction anthology that delivers a delectable range of witch-tastic events and images, successfully indulging fantasies of magical power and a fetish for the history of things weird. [For the rest of my review, keep reading, or for an interview with the book’s co-editor Alexander S. Brown, go here.]\nLeaving the most familiar questions about whether so-and-so is or isn’t a witch in the background, and saving the typical witch-hunts for Yankee territory, the stories in Southern Haunts 3 presume the existence of magic and focus on the power’s whats and whens. From these whats and whens readers get a sense of a where, the American South, which is both horrific and mystical. As a result, this collection of stories stands apart from typical witch-horror while affirming, in the Southern Gothic tradition, that regular old “realistic” storytelling doesn’t quite get one of the U.S.’s most culturally diverse and historically troubled regions.\nWhile I’m conflating all the mystic goings-on in Southern Haunts 3 as witchery, the collection’s editors and authors are careful to distinguish among types of magic and related spiritual traditions, naming the book’s primary whats distinctly as voodoo, hoodoo, and witchcraft. “The Apartment House,” for instance, provides a series of bizarre and violent tableaux—death by books is my favorite, but a detailed flaying deserves mention—and ties them together with a lesson on the laws for practicing voodoo the right way. In “La Voyante,” a knowing character explains to a writer looking for a new creative outlet that voodoo isn’t the only game in town:\n“No, we talkin’ ’bout Hoodoo. Between the ‘hoo’ an’ the ‘voo,’ there’s a worl’ of difference… though we do tend t’ use a bit of both in these parts.”\nOften gesturing toward the diasporic and creolized origins of so-called “pagan” spiritualities tied to hoodoo and voodoo, the stories in Southern Haunts 3 provide a nuanced enough view to add an S to the K in the subtitle, making it a less elegant MagickS Beneath the Moonlight (not a suggestion—the actual title is much better!). Indeed, as the main character of “In the Dark” learns, some magic needs to be practiced only in the day, so “moonlight” isn’t even a consistent feature of proper witchery. Magic refuses easy limits, and while it can be as elegant as the kindly title character of “Granny Wise,” it can also be as ugly as characters’ habits in “Dances with Witches.” The collection tells us that all these magics might fit in a book, and they all show up in the South, but they won’t all fit in a proverbial box. The box mentioned in the title “The Priestess’s Trunk,” then, provides an apt metaphor: you might try to contain and understand mystical forces, but magic will always find a way to push beyond easy categories and simple expectations.\nDespite the diversity of magical types in Southern Haunts 3, magical power almost always serves one end: payback. While the book draws its power from many veins, it directs that power primarily toward fulfilling fantasies of justice and vengeance (for comments on this focus from one of the book’s editors, see the interview). The first tale, “Granny Wise,” based on a historical figure, sets the mold: a witch serves locals as a healer, but the price of her services includes righting wrongs. In most tales that follow, witchcraft, as a means for payback, either doles out a kind of cosmic justice against evildoers (as, for example, in “Live Big”) or serves as means for a witch to get some vengeance on (as in “Vengeance,” “The Jar,” “Tell Me Where He Lies,” and “Without Xango there is No Oxalla”). The most salient motive for mystical vengeance in Southern Haunts 3 relates to the South’s legacies of racism, slavery, and lynching. In “The Untold Tale of Wiccademous,” searching for the story behind cursed woods leads the would-be storyteller into a cosmic trap forged from these legacies. “Cursed,” set in the 1920s, takes a more direct look at magic providing justice for a lynching that earthly courts would ignore, and “The Shadows” answers a nineteenth-century slave-master’s murder of an innocent man with a curse that takes “life for a life.” While magical means of achieving racial justice help to advance the book’s Southern identity, magic also serves as an equalizer for women who suffer under the arbitrary rule of despicable men. The mystic in “Secrets of the Heart” learns that her husband’s religious hypocrisy too easily stands in the way of his devotion to her, a betrayal she does not suffer lightly; likewise, when a violent husband crosses “The Bone Picker Witch,” he opens the door for some of the book’s nastiest moments. In most cases, mystical vengeance is overwhelming and horrific, but the justification that goes with it makes rooting for magical victory a source of grim pleasure.\nWhile the fantasy of supernatural justice is fun to indulge, it recurs a little too often within the selection of tales, and the stories that rely on it less end up being my favorites in the book. “The Witch of Honey, Kudzu, and Coyotes” shrouds its title figure in mystery, making her more like a force of nature than a person practicing a secret art. Going further with an interest in storytelling that runs through “The Untold Tale of Wiccademous” and several other tales in Southern Haunts 3, “The Witch of Honey, Kudzu, and Coyotes” opens with an interrupted story that persists in the narrator’s imagination “like a hollow, unformed thing” alongside\n“a boy missing from everyone’s memory”\nBroken stories and memory gaps make magic powerful enough to reshape thought and perception, reweaving reality’s fabric; as a result, this tale can explore fresh and compelling territory. Likewise, “In the Dark” focuses on the perils of exploring the unknown. A bit rambling in structure, this tale brings its unwise protagonist in contact with strange verse, talking birds, and a host of disturbing images—my favorite is a buck with centipedes pouring from its mouth—that again signal a link between magic and distorted perception that can change the rules for what a story can do. Fans of more transgressive and gruesome horror fiction will likely count “In the Dark” and “The Bone Picker Witch” as favorites along with “Docta Bones,” in which the title character inverts Granny Wise’s benevolence by requiring much harsher payment for the gods’ services, and “Dances with Witches,” which places a human appetite for evil in parallel with a bewitched landscape’s. Chilling acts and images become the main products of witchery: questions of justice and the natural order become secondary to experiencing the full horror of the weird.\nA volume about magic and the South invites thinking about cultural and regional history, and with stories set in (or focused on rediscovering) the eighteenth, nineteenth, and early twentieth centuries, Southern Haunts 3 does a great job of putting together views of the past (and thus it meets its goals–see the interview). As a Southerner, I wonder about the present. Where is witchcraft in the contemporary South? How do hoodoo and voodoo continue to inform life not just in old New Orleans, but also present-day Atlanta, Richmond, and cities in between with “modern” feels that contrast with the antiquarian interests that dominate this book? The book covers solid ground, but by sticking mainly to historical subjects, it might miss some opportunities for innovation.\nThe opportunities included, however, add up to a satisfying read. Moody, atmospheric, and drenched in regional detail, Southern Haunts 3 gives readers an entryway to the South’s mystic history, places and times to explore with equal amounts of dread and delight.\nSouthern Haunts 3: Magick Beneath the Moonlight,\n“Granny Wise,” by H. David Blalock\n“Live Big,” by Tom Lucas\n“The Priestess’s Trunk,” by C.G. Bush\n“The Witch of Honey, Kudzu, and Coyotes,” by Diane Ward\n“The Untold Tale of Wiccademous,” by J.L. Mulvihill\n“Vengeance,” by Linda DeLeon\n“The Jar,” by Robert McGough\n“La Voyante,” by Elizabeth Allen\n“Cursed,” by Melodie Romeo\n“Secrets of the Heart,” by Louise Myers\n“Tell Me Where He Lies,” by Greg McWhorter\n“Shadows,” by Kalila Smith\n“Docta Bones,” by Melissa Robinson\n“In the Dark,” by Jonnie Sorrow\n“The Apartment House,” by Della West\n“Without Xango There is No Oxalla,” by John E. Hesselberg\n“The Bone Picker Witch,” by Angela Lucius\n“Dances with Witches,” by Alexander S. Brown","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line479417"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5047078132629395,"wiki_prob":0.49529218673706055,"text":"Posted by: Matt Compton | December 1, 2010\nWith about a month left in the year, I’ve read 73 books in 2010, and my goal before the end of December is 80. This year has been fiction-heavy — almost 60 percent of the books I’ve read so far have been novels — and a lot of them have been incredible.\nThe fact that I’m ready to put out a list of my favorites with four weeks left in the year is pretty solid indication that my list isn’t comprehensive.\nBut these are my favorites, and I have a hard time seeing them get overtaken.\nThe Imperfectionists by Tom Rachman: A clever set of interlocking story about a group of journalists working for an English-language newspaper in Italy. Each chapter takes the perspective of a different staffer. Some of them are funny; others are almost heart-breaking. This is the kind of book that rewards lingering over passages, flipping back to reread earlier sections, and laughing about how well everything fits together.\nSavages by Don Winslow: Winslow’s thriller about a pair of drug dealers who come under pressure to sell their business to a Mexican cartel is the kind of book you read too quickly, then spend days thinking about. The story doesn’t begin, unfold, or end the way you expect. And the writing is better than good, it’s stylish — because it takes risks and pulls them off.\nSuper Sad True Love Story by Gary Shtenyngart: This is a fantastic novel. It’s funny and depressing — and in some ways, even haunting. It takes place a few decades in the future, in an America on the brink of economic and political collapse. Shtenyngart’s best gift as a writer is the set of voices he creates for his characters, and this book particularly showcases that talent to particularly hilarious effect.\nFreedom by Jonathan Franzen: It seems silly to add more praise to this book, except for the fact that Freedom is the best novel that Franzen has written. While the themes and ambitions are as big as ever, the characters are drawn with more sympathy and life — from start to finish. People will be reading this book for years to discuss what it means to have lived through the start of the 21st Century.\nThe Last Days of Ptolemy Grey by Walter Mosely: Mosley’s new book is hard to classify. It’s not a crime novel like those that made him famous — not exactly. It’s not science fiction or fantasy, though there are elements of each. The only real way to describe Ptolemy Grey accurately is to say that it’s a work of honest-to-God literature and then smile at the story Mosely has written.\nThe Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot: When doctors were able to harvest cells from Henrietta Lacks and replicate them in a laboratory, she changed the course of human history. That one discovery led to a staggering range of medical breakthroughs. But Lacks died after her cells were harvested, and her family still struggles to deal with the ramifications of her contributions to science. Skloot’s book isn’t just fascinating, it’s important to read.\nWar by Sebastian Junger: This is the best account of combat in Afghanistan I’ve read. Junger doesn’t write a wide-view portrait of the war. This is a close examination of one group of soldiers in a remote outpost in the Korengal Valley. Junger lives with these guys, goes on patrol with them, comes under fire with them, and I don’t know if his writing has ever been better.\nPlay Their Hearts Out by George Dohrmann: Dohrmann — the last sports writer to win a Pulitzer — follows a group of amateur basketball players through middle school and high school and writes a story that reads like a goddamn Greek tragedy. He has a lot to say about the state of AAU basketball, what it does to kids, what it asks of parents, what it means to be a successful coach in the system. He writes about the recruiting services, the scouts, and basketball fans. None of it is inspiring, but all of it is interesting.\nThe Tiger by John Vaillant: In 1997, an Amur tiger starts hunting poachers in the back country of Siberia. That becomes the lens through which Valliant explores post-Communist Russia, the nature of environmental conservation, and the relationship between mankind and the predators who occasionally prey upon us. The narrative that Valliant has written about the tiger and the men called in to deal with the threat is a heart-pounding adventure story, but there are economic, societal, and political implications at every turn.\nUnbroken by Lauran Hillenbrand: Before the end of World War II, Louis Zamperini had competed for Olympic medals, spent nearly a month adrift at sea when his bomber came down in the Pacific Ocean, and suffered as a prisoner of war at the hands of the Japanese. Any one of these episodes would make for a compelling story — all three narratives, at the hands of Hillenbrand, make for something closer to unforgettable.\nPosted in Books, Writing | Tags: 2010, best of 2010, books, fiction, lists\n« Best Books of 2009\nWhat I’ve been reading »\nYou can earn some extra money from your blog, i see several opportunities here.\nYou should search in google for:\nYoogurn’s money making\nBy: Marisol on March 21, 2015","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1245678"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8776258230209351,"wiki_prob":0.8776258230209351,"text":"Heisman winner Winston has efficient baseball week\nBy The Associated Press | Posted - March 3, 2014 at 2:52 p.m.\nTALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) — Florida State's Jameis Winston had a much more efficient weekend series against rival Miami than the Heisman Trophy winner did against the New York Yankees earlier in the week. He had quiet day in the much anticipated exhibition against the Yankees, outside of posing for pictures with Derek Jeter and Jorge Posada.\nCoach Mike Martin says Winston's banged-up left hand is feeling much better and he expects to give Winston more at-bats in the near future. Winston injured ligaments in his hand against Duke in the ACC football championship game.\nA look at how the 20-year-old sophomore fared last week:\nIN RELIEF: The 6-foot-4, 225-pounder took the mound just once. The appearance came Sunday in the ninth inning of a 13-6 win against Miami. He retired the three Hurricanes he faced — on three groundballs. Winston's pitching line for the week: 1 inning, 0 H, 0 R, 0 ER, 0 K, 0 BB, 3 batters faced.\nAT THE PLATE: Winston made a plate appearance in 2 of 4 games last week. He pinch-hit and went 0 for 2 against the Yankees — grounding out to second in the 6th inning and striking out in the 8th — including a broken-bat foul ball. Winston was 1 for 1 in the second game against Miami with a single to right field during a 5-run 7th inning. His official line this week: 1 appearance, 1 H, 0 BB, 0 R.\nIN THE FIELD: Winston entered the game in the bottom of the fifth inning against the Yankees and played left field. He entered the game against Miami in the eighth inning and played right field. He did not record a putout or an assist in either game.\nHIGHLIGHT: The broken-bat foul ball against the Yankees garnered loud cheers from a large crowd eager to see the Heisman winner face the storied franchise.\nON THE SEASON: He has two hits in three at-bats; on the mound, he has pitched five innings, struck out three of the 16 batters he's faced, has given up one hit, no walks and has three strikeouts.\nON DECK: Florida State plays a two-game midweek series at South Florida starting Tuesday.\nQUOTABLE: \"It's surreal,\" Winston said after playing the Yankees. \"It's probably better than winning the national championship ... psych.\"\nAssociated Press Writer Kareem Copeland in Tallahassee, Fla., compiled this report.\nGonzales, No. 18 BYU women roll past LMU\nNo. 18 BYU women's basketball flexes defensive muscles in win over Saint Mary's\nUtah inks gymnastics coach Tom Farden to contract extension through 2026","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1763028"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5823124647140503,"wiki_prob":0.5823124647140503,"text":"Sep 13, 2011 3 min read Editor's Blog\nEditor's blog Monday 12 September 2011: Chase Farm maternity & A&E - the first closure of many\nAs predicted by the Daily Telegraph among others, Secretary Of State For Health Andrew Lansley (saviour, liberator) has backed the recommendation of the Independent Reconfiguration Panel that the A&E and maternity services of Chase Farm should relocate to the North Middlesex Hospital and to Barnet.\nThe vision is now to 'divorce' Chase Farm from Barnet hospital, and investigate the possibility of a management union (i.e. merger) with the North Middlesex.\n......................................................................\nClick here for details of 'PM Cameron: “whole health profession on board for what’s now being done”. Why do they call August the silly season?’, the new issue of subscription-based Health Policy Intelligence.\nChase Farm hospital will no longer provide maternity and A&E services. It will get a new Urgent Care Centre, by way of compensation.\nThis has been a long time coming, and is widely viewed among clinicians as the right decisions. And the voters of the immediate area to Chase Farm will probably hate it.\nHere comes a phrase which doesn't get much use around these parts: well done, Mr Lansley. Our Saviour And Liberator is now going to take the lumps that are inevitable when your leader (That Nice Mr Cameron) promised to oppose a hospital closure in opposition.\nAs the Telegraph's Martin Beckford shrewdly notes, \"When Mr Cameron, then Opposition leader, visited Chase Farm in October 2007 he declared, 'What I would say to Gordon Brown is if you call an election on November 1 we'll stop the closure of services at this hospital on November 2. What we've heard today from the Government is more plans for cuts and closures in our NHS. They cannot be trusted with our health service'.”\nMarginal costs and benefits\nChase Farm is a Tory-Labour marginal, held by health Bill committee member Nick De Bois. It can be confidently predicted that he will not be happy (indeed, he has just issued a statement to that effect, calling OSAL's decision \"wrong\").\nEnfield Council will be very annoyed indeed, having pushed an alternative plan that the IRP and Mr Lansley deem not to be viable. (Viva localism.) UPDATE - my thanks to a colleague, who rightly emails to note that \"Barnet Council won't be pleased either - detaching CFH renders Barnet less viable, although it should be saved because it has the famous PFI force-field\".\nThe DH press release indicates that part of the thinking behind this service change is also financial, citing the IRP's words: “serious concerns have been raised about the implications of not completing the implementation of the strategy for services at the North Middlesex Hospital following its refurbishment under a PFI scheme ... In 2007, the North Middlesex Hospital received £144 million to refurbish its facilities on the basis that those facilities would see a greater proportion of patients from the Enfield area – but those patients have continued to be seen at Chase Farm Hospital\".\nMoney talks, loudly and clearly. Especially where PFI viability is concerned.\nA challenge for Labour\nLabour face numerous challenges in developing their health policy offering. One of the big ones is going to be how they deal with reconfiguration decisions that involve service closures.\nThe easy politics for Labour would be to oppose every change and closure.\nIt's almost certainly the wrong move.\nLondon has been known to be over-hospitalled for a very long time, and governments of different political complexions have found ways of ignoring the problem. In an NHS facing the Nicholson Challenge of £4 billion efficiency gains a year for each of the next four financial years, this is no longer really an option.\nIf Labour were playing smart, they would offer a cross-party commission on reconfigurations. The scale of The Nicholson Challenge means that the pain will hit marginals and safe seats from north to south and from left to centre.\nIt looks worryingly as if the EU is heading towards a disorderly resolution to its own north-south fiscal and economic divide. This is likely to mean that there will be more for the main Westminster parties to argue about over economic policy in the coming months and years that is likely to be comfortable.\nThere will be sufficient points of differentiation to be had between Labour and the Coalition Government without making 'save every NHS facility everywhere' a desirable battle cry.\nIf we accept that services should be delivered as locally as possible in primary care, and on the clinically and economically appropriate scale in secondary care, then some political courage and cojones are going to be needed.\nLansley has shown some, in this instance. Will Labour?","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line391679"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9200482964515686,"wiki_prob":0.9200482964515686,"text":"Daily Dividend Report: MRK,VGR,RY,MKC,MA\nWednesday, December 1, 12:01 PM ET\nLaunch related slideshow:\n10 mREITs With Impressive Yields »\nMerck, known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, today announced that the Board of Directors has declared a quarterly dividend of $0.69 per share of the company's common stock for the first quarter of 2022. Payment will be made on Jan. 7, 2022 to shareholders of record at the close of business on Dec. 15, 2021.\nVector Group today announced that its Board of Directors has declared a regular quarterly cash dividend on its common stock of $0.20 per share. The quarterly cash dividend will be payable on December 20, 2021 to holders of record as of December 10, 2021.\nRoyal Bank of Canada announced today that its board of directors has declared an increase to its quarterly common share dividend of twelve cents or eleven per cent, to $1.20 per share, payable on and after February 24, 2022, to common shareholders of record at the close of business on January 26, 2022.\nThe Board of Directors of McCormick today declared an increase in the quarterly dividend from $0.34 to $0.37 per share on its common stocks, payable January 10, 2022 to shareholders of record December 31, 2021. This marks the 36th consecutive year that the Company has increased its quarterly dividend. At $0.37, the quarterly dividend is double the amount paid in 2014.\nMastercard today announced that its Board of Directors has declared a quarterly cash dividend of 49 cents per share, an 11 percent increase over the previous dividend of 44 cents per share. The cash dividend will be paid on February 9, 2022 to holders of record of its Class A common stock and Class B common stock as of January 7, 2022. The Board of Directors also approved a new share repurchase program, authorizing the company to repurchase up to $8 billion of its Class A common stock. The new share repurchase program will become effective at the completion of the company's previously announced $6 billion program. The company has approximately $4.4 billion remaining under the current program authorization.\nFor MarketNewsVideo.com, I'm Sayoko Murase.\nRelevant Stock Market Definitions\nThe Importance of Dividends, Price-To-Earnings Definition, What is an ETN?\nDaily Dividend Report: MRK,VGR,RY,MKC,MA | Market News Video | Copyright © 2008 - 2022, All Rights Reserved","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1710855"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6851930022239685,"wiki_prob":0.6851930022239685,"text":"TRWD Trailers Educate the Community\nBy Samantha Drumm June 15, 2019\nMichelle Wood-Ramirez recently asked some high school students how much water they use as part of their daily bathroom routine – How long are your showers? How many times do you flush? How often do you wash your hands? They were almost too embarrassed to answer.\nBut their self-conscious giggles flow into groans and expressions of shock after they are told the average shower uses 20 gallons of water a day, that most people send 18 gallons swirling down the toilet and use another 6 gallons washing their hands. That’s over 300 gallons a week.\nThe students got this mind-blowing information while standing in the new Watershed Experience Trailer owned by the Tarrant Regional Water District. With its colorful, interactive displays the mobile classroom helps anyone who walks through it see where they fit into the water cycle and what they can do to conserve and protect water resources in the areas where they live.\n“They don’t know where their water comes from. They don’t know how much they are using. To them it is on and off,” said Wood-Ramirez, watershed coordinator for the Tarrant Regional Water District to the ninth-grade students from Fort Worth Country Day.\n“They don’t have the landscape level concept of how they are part of the water cycle,” Wood-Ramirez said. “Hopefully we can get people to understand they are part of the cycle and their stewardship for the whole water cycle. Everyone lives in a watershed.”\nThe 24-foot-long trailer hit the road about a year ago and has already been dispatched to 16 schools and community events where an estimated 7,700 people walked through. The Watershed Experience Trailer cost about $75,000 and was developed by various departments at the District.\nIt shows what happens to water from the stream miles away to the stream coming out of the faucet, from lakes onto lawns.\n“This trailer gives them a visual of how they, as an individual, can impact the big system and how collectively can take responsibility,” said Robin Hallford, a Texas Wildlife Association education program specialist.\n“I think you can see the whole picture instead of one tiny piece of it and how it all adds up. It has a much bigger impact. Hopefully, it makes them more conscientious,” she said.\nThe trailer has four primary lesson dioramas or exhibits: What is a Watershed; a Rainfall Simulator; What’s in Your Watershed; and Where Does the Water Go?\nThe watershed exhibit, complete with a city and farmland below, shows how rainfall hits the ground and collects on the lowest level for future distribution. The rainfall simulator depicts how much rain is absorbed when it hits bare soil, native prairie, concrete, and a mowed lawn.\n“The soil is like a sponge. One pound of healthy soil can hold almost 20 pounds of water,” Wood-Ramirez said.\nThe What’s in Your Watershed display explains how pollutants can enter into the water cycle, either from a pipe, ditch or channel or from stormwater erosion or runoff. It continues the global perspective on how rainfall and runoff interact with our environment.\nThe Where Does the Water Go section (subtitle: How Much Water Do You Use) brings home how much H2o people use. A cutaway of a house shows a kitchen, bathroom, and laundry room. Dials on bright blue pipes show usage by a toilet, faucet, washing machine and shower.\nIn front of the Country Day students, Wood-Ramirez quizzes the students about how long – and how many – showers they take. Do they leave the faucet running when they brush their teeth? How many loads of laundry do they imagine their family does a week?\nThen, to stress how much water that is, Wood-Ramirez asks them how many gallon milk jugs they can carry and wonders what it would be like to bring the water to the home from a stream or community well. Imagine doing that for yourself or a family of four.\nThe average household uses 225 gallons a day, or 1,575 gallons a week.\n“You’re going to have such a workout by the end of the week,” Wood-Ramirez joked. “This is real life, right?”\nAnd this doesn’t include water for keeping the lawn green or the car clean, she said.\n“Once they realize they are part of the watershed, they are going to act differently and change. They can see that they are part of the system and they are invested. It’s their water that is going to come out of the faucet,” Wood-Ramirez said.\nHer lessons about water did not just roll off the back of Joaquin Castro-Balbi at Country Day. He said what he learned would lead to changes in his behavior. He said he has relatives overseas and knows how different – and complicated – their situations in access to water can be.\n“I can see people wasting a lot of water,” Castro-Balbi said. “I personally don’t waste a lot. I’ve been aware of how much I use. But I have relatives and sometimes they have different situations so that I can learn from them as well.”","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line638494"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9161443710327148,"wiki_prob":0.9161443710327148,"text":"3 Black men launch app for health and mental wellness\nby Deon Osborne, Associate Editor March 26, 2020\nwritten by Deon Osborne, Associate Editor Published: March 26, 2020 Last Updated on January 19, 2021\nPublished 03/26/2020 | Reading Time 4 min 9 sec\nBy Deon Osborne, Senior Writer\nDesigned to be an inspirational living and self-care mobile application that serves as a personal guide to mental, physical, and emotional success, Elevate was recently launched in Android and IOS app stores.\nThree African-American Co-founders, two of them former roommates from Pennsylvania’s Lincoln University, launched the health and wellness app after realizing similar apps don’t address the specific issues that marginalized communities face. Users of Elevate experience daily inspirational quotes and readings, self- improving challenges, interactive videos and podcasts from black brown and white speakers, and access to external mental wellness hotlines.\nAaron Warrick is a Philadelphia native and the CEO and Co-founder of Elevate with a background in computer engineering and software development.\n“Elevate does serve a universal audience; however, a lot of research and development was done based upon the African American community,” Warrick said.\nWarrick said he and his team went out to work with people of color as a foundation because, while there are other similar apps out there, “the way they produce content and the content available may not be the best solutions for us because they don’t go through the same or similar problems,” Warrick said.\nFive Tulsa Public Schools go virtual due to Covid\nWith mental health treatment vastly underfunded in the U.S., nearly one in five Americans have some form of a mental illness. Suicide has risen to become a top 10 causes of death among adults and the number two cause of death among 10 to 34-year-olds, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.\nCo-founder Greg Wilson has a background in community service and biology from the D.C. area. He said Elevate has no limit on the age, race or gender of its users. “Everyone needs to be cared for. Everyone goes through struggles and problems,” Wilson said.\nAfter downloading the app, it first prompts users to choose words on the screen that best link to the emotions or mental state the user is currently feeling. Whether positive or negative, the app tailors the unique experience of the app to the user’s initial choices.\nThe app also hosts a community forum where users can become content generators, sparking discussions with other users. For users who don’t feel comfortable sharing their mental wellness journey with others, Elevate offers the ability for users to gain wisdom, guidance and inspiration on an anonymous platform.\nThousands of Oklahomans still eligible for health care through Medicaid expansion\n[do_widget id=wordads_sidebar_widget-22]\nDante Wade is a community advocate and public speaker from the South Ward of Newark, NJ who roomed with Aaron Warrick at Lincoln University. Wade said he wants the Elevate app to become a household name for millions of people and a daily contrast to depression-inducing social media apps.\n“For people who already feel positive, we want them to sustain it. So we have content geared towards that as well,” Wade said.\nAbove all, the team hopes users will erase the stigma around addressing mental health needs by creating a vast community of self-caring individuals producing tangible results. “Our goal is to grow not just as a company but as a lifestyle to be able to support all of these individuals,” CEO Aaron Warrick said.\nThe app, “Elevate–Mental Health Inspirational Self-Care,” can be downloaded on both Android and IOS devices in the app store.\nDeon Osborne was born in Minneapolis, MN and raised in Lawton, OK before moving to Norman where he attended the University of Oklahoma. He graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Strategic Media and has written for OU’s student newspaper the OU Daily as well as OKC-based Red Dirt Report. He now lives in Tulsa, where he works at a local youth shelter. He is also a former intern at Oklahoma Policy Institute.\nAaron WarrickAfrican AmericanBlackDante WadeDeon OsborneElevateGreg WilsonLincoln Universitymental health\nDeon Osborne, Associate Editor\nDeon Osborne was born in Minneapolis, MN and raised in Lawton, OK before moving to Norman where he attended the University of Oklahoma. He graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Strategic Media and has written for OU’s student newspaper the OU Daily as well as OKC-based Red Dirt Report. He now lives in Tulsa and serves as the Associate Editor for The Black Wall Street Times. He is also a former intern at Oklahoma Policy Institute.\nMental Health breakthrough in Dallas’ 911 RIGHT Care...\nOkla. Senate Bill 1314 screens patients for trauma,...\nDeion Sanders joins Aflac’s initiative to help relieve...\nColumn: Counseling Is for Black people, too!\nUniversal health care takes first steps in California\nBiden requires insurance companies to cover cost of...\nWhite House preparing to start mailing rapid COVID...\nOak Lawn Test Excavation Canceled, Rolling Oaks Agrees To Investigation\nNo more school bells, but resilience","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line374540"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.8637775778770447,"wiki_prob":0.8637775778770447,"text":"THE CLASSIC TIMES.COM | Todo sobre coches clásicos\nNOTICIAS Coche Clásico\nHistoria & Leyendas\nARTE & CURIOSIDADES >>\nEl Blog de Felipe\nEl Coche y el Cine\nART CAR\nMOTOR X EPOCAS >>\nLos Inicios\nPost War Era\nESPECIAL >>\nGUIAS >>\nRallye Monte-Carlo Historique 2022. Vuelve a sus raíces\nNov 15, 2021 Redacción\n69 Rally Costa Brava Histórico 19 y 20 de noviembre 2021\nMorgan vuelve a las pistas de tierra con el PLUS FOUR CX-T\nOct 19, 2021 Redacción\n/// Historia y Leyendas del Motor\nDaimler AG: Los Automóviles más representativos\nLa historia se remonta a los orígenes del coche.\nEl vehículo como vehículo, representa el aspecto que distingue, acorde con el estatus .Un coche impone e impresiona pero no se limita a servir como un fin para sí mismo, ya que transporta a pasajeros.\nA través de su presencia tiene el efecto de reforzar las apariencias , si bien es cierto que las evaluaciones deben inevitablemente variar, dependiendo de la época en cuestión y los automóviles utilizados en cada caso. Suelen ser también un reflejo de su tiempo y un coche de representación no sólo impresiona por su tamaño y estilo, sino que con frecuencia por el progreso técnico y también es admirado, por su gran comodidad.\n- 1Modelos Primera Guerra Mundial\n- 1924 a 1930 Mercedes 24/100/140 PS, 1924-1926. Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 PS, 1926- 1928. Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 PS Typ 630, 1928-1930\n- 1930-1938 Mercedes-Benz Typ „Großer Mercedes“ (W 07), 1930 up to 1938\n- 1938-1943 Mercedes-Benz Model ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 150), 1938 up to 1943\n- 1951-1962 Mercedes-Benz 300 to 300 d (W 186 II to W 189), 1951 up to 1962\n- 1964-1981 Mercedes-Benz 600 ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 100), 1964 up to 1981\n- Desde 2002 Maybach (W 240 series), since 2002\nGalería de imágenes de los modelos más representativos de la marca a lo largo de los años divididos en siete etapas y precios en la época.\nRepresentative vehicles in the history of Daimler AG\n· Stature and style, combined with technical progress and outstanding comfort\n· The history dates back to the origins of the car\nStuttgart – The representative vehicle boasts a distinguished appearance befitting its status. For an imposing car that makes a big impression does not merely serve as an end in itself as it transports passengers. Through its very presence it has the effect of reinforcing impressive appearances – whilst it is true to say that appraisals will inevitably vary, depending on the particular epoch in question and the cars used in each case. They are always also a reflection of their time, and a representative car does not just impress with its stature and style; it often documents technical progress, too, and is admired for its outstanding comfort.\nThe tradition of representative vehicles from the Mercedes-Benz brand and the predecessor companies Benz & Cie. and Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) is a story characterised by various interruptions. Having said that, up until 1981, the year in which production of the Mercedes-Benz 600 finished, it was absolutely indisputable that the brand had to be present in the exclusive vehicle category. Around another two decades would pass before the then DaimlerChrysler AG once again established itself in the high-end segment: with the Maybach brand in 2002.\nThe era of representative vehicles began at the beginning of the 20th century, some twenty years after the invention of the automobile. It was initiated by the same circle from the wealthy bourgeoisie that made a name for itself as sponsors of motor racing. The businessman Emil Jellinek, for instance, was one of the friends and promoters of the car who repeatedly made significant contributions to the vehicles’ advancement by providing some valuable food for thought in the early days. One of the results of this work was Jellinek’s 1907 touring car, which can now be admired in the Mercedes-Benz Museum, and which already embodied some of the fundamental characteristics of a representative vehicle. When he had a touring car built, Jellinek, who was always wont to think a little further ahead than many of his contemporaries, did not opt for one of the widespread tourer or phaeton carriages. Instead he chose a comfortable, imposing saloon, which – with an engine output of 60 hp (44 kW) – was in the upper echelons of the model hierarchy of the day. In contrast to many of his peers, Jellinek even thought of the driver, who was also protected from the elements by a fixed roof, doors and windows.\nIt should be pointed out here that back in those days the open carriage was the usual body form and the closed vehicle the special, exclusive variant, and in many cases this applied up until the end of the 1930s – for representative cars, too.\nThe nobility, predominantly lovers of horses and coaches, only discovered the car for representative purposes after the moneyed bourgeoisie. Tsar Nicholas, for example, is reported to have been a riding enthusiast who valued old customs – but not the car, at least not to start with. The German Emperor Wilhelm II is said to have had a similar attitude. Nevertheless the automobile gradually found its way into the aristocracy’s stables and slowly but surely turned them into car parks.\nRepresentative cars up until the First World War\n· Included in the fleets of VIP customers\n· Individual bodies on the plant chassis were the norm\n· Highly technical cars\nAs early as at the end of 1905, Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) delivered five Mercedes-Simplex 45 hp with various bodies to the court of the Tsar in St. Petersburg. Along with other customers of high rank, the Tsar was never satisfied with owning just one vehicle; the tsarist fleet is also said to have included a Benz 60 hp and a Mercedes-Knight 16/40 hp.\nOver the years, as well as various Mercedes-Simplex, the German Emperor’s fleet came to include three Mercedes-Knight, a Mercedes 28/95 hp, a Mercedes 15/70/100 hp and a Mercedes-Benz 770 ‘Super Mercedes’ Cabriolet F from 1932. Today the latter is on display in the Mercedes-Benz Museum, along with the 1935 armoured Pullman saloon of the same model, owned by the Japanese Emperor Hirohito.\nBy 1912 Benz & Cie. numbered the German Emperor, the Russian Tsars and the Swedish Royal Family amongst its most famous customers.\nThe sports-enthusiast brother of the German Emperor, Prince Henry of Prussia, was not only the founder and patron of the Prince Henry Tours named after him, as well as being the inventor of the windscreen wiper; he himself often took part in events in his open-top 70 hp Triple Phaeton. A particularly impressive car was the Model 39/100 hp, built by Benz in the years 1912 to 1915. Because of its dimensions and clear lines it signalled a sense of noble distance. However the shock caused by the global economic crisis of 1907 led to Benz becoming established as a high-profile provider of vehicles to the lower middle class, but without losing sight of the spectrum of representative cars. It was with this concept that Benz succeeded in positioning itself clearly ahead of DMG in the period before the First World War in terms of the number of vehicles produced.\nAt DMG the dominant top-range car from 1910 to 1914 was the Model 37/95 hp. With its prestigious presence, its owners – who were often members of the aristocracy – were able to cut a grand figure. In 1913 the chassis came with a price tag of 23,000 Marks – the usual base price of the time. Then either the plant would fit an individual body to this or a body assembler would carry out the work. This was where the car manufacturers were in competition with the finest body assemblers of the day. With its large-piston four-cylinder engine with 9.5 litres of displacement and a chain drive system, however, it represented a dying form of automotive technology. For a period of many years, particularly in the case of vehicles with powerful engines, the cardan drive system was favoured over chain drive due to the gentler power transmission.\nIn 1914 it was replaced by the Mercedes 28/95 hp. As a premium-segment vehicle it took its leave of the four-cylinder engine and the chain drive system, like the Benz 39/100 hp. The six-cylinder engine, created by Paul Daimler, was built with a design largely based on that of the 1912 DF 80 aircraft engine, which was awarded the ‘Emperor’s Prize’. The engine had V-shaped overhead valves, which were operated via an overhead camshaft and rocker arms. The camshaft was driven from the front end of the crankshaft by a vertical shaft.\nDue to the war only 25 units of Model 28/95 hp were manufactured during the years 1914 and 1915. Production started up again after the end of the war, when Paul Daimler took the opportunity to have the engine revised. The individual steel cylinders were replaced by cylinder blocks cast in pairs, but the coolant jackets welded in pairs remained. The valves which been open up until then were now sealed with oil-tight light-alloy valve covers for each cylinder pair. The mixture was supplied via two Pallas updraught carburettors, which each fed three cylinders. The two intake manifolds, again Y-shaped, were connected with each other via a balance pipe to ensure even mixture supply.\nFollowing the First World War, the target groups of potential customers changed – the aristocracy diminished in importance in this respect, with personalities from the fields of economics, film, theatre, politics and industry taking its place. The Mercedes 28/95 hp remained in existence until 1924; there were 590 vehicles in all. Whilst the term ‘Super Mercedes’ was not coined until after its time, it was certainly deemed to be worthy of this description. The number of units built was substantial, especially bearing in mind the prevailing circumstances and compared with vehicles of a similar profile which would follow in its footsteps. But this imposing vehicle also served to cover a wide customer spectrum due to the fact that there were three different wheelbase versions, which meant that it was not restricted to just large saloons or open-top touring cars.\nRepresentativos2\nMercedes 24/100/140 PS, 1924-1926. Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 PS, 1926-1928. Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 PS Typ 630, 1928-1930.\n· A belt-driven supercharger gave output a significant boost\n· Numerous body variants were available ex factory\nPaul Daimler left DMG in 1922 in disagreement with the Supervisory Board. It had called for easier-to-sell models in the lower price ranges, whilst Daimler wanted a new model with eight cylinders. His successor was Ferdinand Porsche, who had come from Austro Daimler. He had already taken over from Daimler once before, at Austro Daimler’s forerunner, the company Austrian Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft mbH in the town of Wiener Neustadt. What was not known at the time was that Porsche’s main development focus was also more on large and expensive cars rather than small and lower-priced models. So in hindsight it is not surprising that the first project Porsche undertook was to design a representative twin model series of new luxury vehicles with displacements of 4 litres and 6.2 litres. The only differences between the two were to be found in the swept volume of the engines, in the wheelbase, the overall length and a few points of detail in the body. The length available for the body on the chassis and the technically sophisticated basis were identical. The larger engine required a wheelbase that was 120 millimetres longer and resulted in the chassis weighing 100 kilograms more.\nPorsche followed his previous convictions at DMG, too, believing that a good and powerful engine also had to be aesthetically pleasing. For the new six-cylinder engines he adopted the basic concept that he had also used for his engine designed at Austro Daimler, from that company’s Model AD 617. The common features were the light silumin-cast crankcase with drawn-in dry cast cylinder liners, the crankshaft with only four bearings and the removable cylinder head with an overhead camshaft, which used rocker arms to operate the valves positioned in line via valve levers. The camshaft was driven by a vertical shaft driven from the clutch side. Together with the manual transmission the engine formed a cohesive component and thus at the same time a huge functional block. It comprised all the levers required to operate the car, including the steering gear and the steering column with the steering wheel. Fitted to the transmission were the starter, the air pump for inflating the tyres in case of damage to them, the hand levers for the gearshift and handbrake plus the pedals for the clutch and brake.\nFor his new designs at DMG, which arrived on the market in 1924, Porsche adopted the principle of supercharging which had been introduced by Paul Daimler. The positive-displacement belt-driven supercharger, with a high-ratio design of around 1 : 3, was located at the front end of the engine in a light-alloy housing fitted with cooling ribs. It was switched on by pressing down the accelerator, similarly to the kickdown position familiar from today’s automatic transmissions, via a multiple-disc clutch. When the accelerator was released it was slowed down by a multiple-disc brake located on the crankshaft. For the two large touring cars Porsche used the principle of the pressure carburettor engine – situated between the belt-driven supercharger and the combustion chamber – which had long been championed at Daimler-Benz.\nAn early form of the multifunction steering wheel\nThe characteristic features which stood out at that time compared with the passenger cars produced up until then were the removable cylinder head, the dry multiple-disc clutch in place of the double-cone clutch with a leather gaiter used thus far, the slightly pointed nickel-plated honeycomb radiator instead of the previous more deeply contoured and painted pointed radiator, the introduction of an actuating ring on the steering wheel for operating the horn by pressing the upper part of the ring and the dimming device by pressing the lower part of the ring, and the internal expanding brake for all four wheels.\nIn Porsche’s two-passenger car with a 4-litre and 6.2-litre engine, the Model 24/100/140 hp with the larger unit was the driving force – not in terms of the number of vehicles built – the smaller and less-expensive car retained the upper hand there. But when it came to the image factor – esteem, as people would say in those days – the car with the brawny engine was clearly the more representative vehicle.\nOver the years changes were made to the model designation. To start with it was called the Mercedes 24/100/140 hp, and then after the merger in June 1926 Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 hp. In 1928 it became the Model 630, as the previous rather cumbersome name was not much of a purchasing incentive, and also the aim was to introduce uniformity with the Stuttgart, Mannheim and Nürburg vehicle names, which were also given a model number which corresponded to the displacement.\nThe larger engine had a displacement of precisely 6240 cubic centimetres, which, strictly speaking did not justify the figure ‘630’ in the model designation which was supposed to refer to the displacement. For nearly 100 years, history served up a parallel episode: the V8 engine installed by AMG today is also called a 6.3-litre engine, although it has a displacement of 6208 cubic centimetres.\nIn October 1928, the Model 630 was upgraded, whereby the more powerful engine with 160 hp (118 kW) from the K model was also supplied as an option for the normal touring car. In the plant’s documentation this variant was described as the ‘Model 630 with a K engine’ or ‘6-litre car with a K engine’. This combination assumed the flagship position in Daimler-Benz AG’s passenger car range up until the ‘Super Mercedes’ appeared on the scene in October 1930. It developed into the somewhat more durable variant, and – eventually – also the more sought-after one. Production of the chassis and car with the 140 hp (103 kW) engine ceased in 1929, that with the 160 hp (118 kW) K engine a year later. Naturally this did not exclude so-called stock vehicles from only being sold and registered much later.\nAs the years went by some changes were made so as to keep the vehicles up to date. These included those carried out in 1926 to replace the rear cantilever springs by semi-elliptic springs, which were fitted beneath the rear axle from the outset. From autumn 1927 the three metal tubes were added as trim for the exhaust pipes which ran on the outside of the bonnet at that time, and from October 1928 customers could choose to have the aforementioned engine from the Model K installed – just in the open touring car at first but then later in all the other body variants too. This was followed in 1928/29 by the inclusion of a Bosch-Dewandre brake booster.\nAs development continued there were only minimal changes to the range of bodies on offer. Particularly impressive features by current standards include the two open-top touring cars with five or seven seats, which were also available with an attachable saloon body in the style of a present-day hardtop. Between 1926 and 1928 the spectrum of bodies available and the pricing was as follows:\nPrices for Model 24/100/140 hp\nChassis 19,250 RM\n5-seater open-top touring car 23,800 RM\n5-seater open-top touring car with removable Pullman roof structure 26,500 RM\n6/7-seater coupé 26,750 RM\n6/7-seater fixed Pullman saloon 27,750 RM\nFrom 1929 onwards, the range of bodies was reduced, but the more powerful K engine could be ordered for an additional charge of 2,000 Reichsmarks (RM).\nPrices for Model 24/100/140 hp – Model 630\n6/7-seater open-top touring car 24,000 RM\n6/7-seater Pullman saloon with wide door pillars 25,000 RM\n6/7-seater Pullman saloon with narrow door pillars 27,750 RM\n4/5-seater interior-drive cabriolet 26,500 RM\n6/7-seater Pullman cabriolet (special version) 28,000 RM\nThe bodies were manufactured either at the Sindelfingen plant or, as was the norm back then, especially where premium-segment cars were concerned, purchased from internationally renowned body assemblers in accordance with customer requirements. In this case special requests were then met, such as the extra-high Pullman saloon for Reich President Paul von Hindenburg, so that on official occasions he was able to wear his spiked helmet and in civilian dress his top hat inside the vehicle. Hindenburg also had a Pullman cabriolet at his disposal. Both cars were specially designed at the Josef Neuss car factory in Berlin.\nThe following are examples of well-known and renowned companieswhich supplied bodies for the Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 hp Model 630:\nBalzer, Ludwigsburg\nCastagna, Milan D’Ieteren Frères, Brussels\nErdmann & Rossi, Berlin Farina, Milan\nGeissberger, Zurich Hibbard & Darrin, Paris\nMillion Guiet, Paris Josef Neuss, Berlin-Halensee\nPapler & Sohn GmbH, later, Papler GmbH, Cologne Van den Plas, Brussels\nSaoutchik, Paris Voll & Ruhrbeck, Berlin-Charlottenburg\nZschau, Leipzig\nVIP customers included:\nReich President Paul von Hindenburg\nKing Gustav of Sweden\nKing Alfonso of Spain\nEmil Jannings, actor\nRichard Strauss, composer\nRichard Tauber, singer\nJan Kiepura, singer\nOscar R. Henschel, industrialist\nIn total, 1080 vehicles of the Mercedes-Benz 24/100/140 hp Model 630 were constructed between 1924 and 1930. In addition to this, there were also 117 vehicles with the powerful K engine.\nMercedes-Benz Typ „Großer Mercedes“ (W 07), 1930 up to 1938\n· A new landmark among premium cars, also available in a special-protection version\n· Superb handling in spite of its conservative chassis design\n· Available with and without supercharging\n‘With this model Germany’s automotive manufacturing industry regained its place at the forefront of the special segment, which had actually always been Germany’s domain right from the beginnings of automotive engineering – coupled with the name Mercedes-Benz. One can safely assume that it is precisely those circles which always consider that only the very latest in excellence are just about sufficient for their requirements will focus their interest on this model.’ That was the conclusion drawn by the editor of the renowned ‘Allgemeine Automobil-Zeitung’ (AAZ) in 1930 about the ‘Super Mercedes’ unveiled at the Paris Motor Show. This was the official name of the Mercedes-Benz Model 770.\nAround the end of the 1920s, the time was ripe for Mercedes-Benz to set a new landmark in the premium car segment. The Model 630 was no longer in keeping with the times, and Daimler-Benz was in danger of losing its standing in the top car class in view of the Maybach 12 model with a V12 engine (7-litre displacement, 150 hp/110 kW) which was brought out at the end of 1929 by its competitor Maybach, and the Zeppelin 8 model presented at the Paris Show a year later (8-litre displacement, 200 hp/147 kW). However, because of the brand’s reputation and also its recent in-house experience, Daimler-Benz was very careful when it came to new technical features. In 1932, the specialist publication ‘Motor und Sport’ reported on this matter on the occasion of the ‘Super Mercedes’ test:\n‘In contrast to the American view, which is in favour of the V-engine of the 12- or 16-cylinder type as far as representatives of this price category are concerned, they have remained remarkably sober in giving the Super Mercedes an eight-cylinder in-line engine. With a vehicle whose fundamental tendency is towards exclusivity to such a great extent they thought that any excursion into uncharted waters would be fatal. That is how the new design from Daimler-Benz came to be a happy avowal of traditional links.’\nIt is true that from a technical point of view, the ‘Super Mercedes’ – known internally as W 07 – did not constitute a great leap forward into the realm of new technologies. There was certainly much expectation amongst the general public surrounding the Mercedes-Benz 170 (W 15) which came out a year later in 1931, with its advanced chassis including independent suspension. But despite its conservative chassis design with front and rear rigid axles, the new top model surprised people with its clear handling as a result of skilful suspension tuning. ‘Motor und Sport’ proves revealing here, too:\n‘The Super Mercedes is certainly a fast car. With its saloon body it achieves a speed of 150 km/h. This kind of output is seen as racing-driver speed in many circles.\nWe know of vehicles, even more recent ones, in which it would be reckless to drive at over 70 km/h, whereas there is no such limit where the Super Mercedes is concerned. In contrast to some statements made by the competition which have come to light, the conduct of the Super Mercedes at all speeds is beyond reproach. Whilst the car’s springing is not as sensitive as it is amongst the American competitors, the Super Mercedes enables a sure driving style that secures cohesion with the road. We do not know of any vehicle that would allow such safe driving with heavy bodies at the breathtaking speed of 120 km/h. And this is probably where the ultimate sense and the ultimate justification for the existence of this vehicle model are to be found. In spite of its orthodox fundamental philosophy, the Super Mercedes presents itself as the worthy conclusion of Daimler-Benz production and as the final enhancement of automotive comfort achievable with today’s means.’\nThe criticism of large cars’ handling was indeed an issue back then; on another occasion the testers found fault with the handling of the Cadillac V16 and Maybach 12, which were direct competitors of the ‘Super Mercedes’: ‘The rather unpleasant lateral swaying of the body would be dealt with by strengthening the slightly soft springs and by tightening the shock absorbers and would then probably cease; however the question remains whether the springing would be sufficient on poor rural roads – which predominate on long journeys – to retain the high average. As is the case with the new twelve-cylinder Maybach, it is very apparent here that future work must concentrate on improving the handling.’\nThe ‘Super Mercedes’ was the last very conservatively characterised new design from the still young Mercedes-Benz brand, which came about in 1926 as a result of the merger of the companies Benz & Cie. and DMG. The expectations that had manifested themselves in society with regard to an exclusive car from this brand turned out to be an advantage for it, its place in automotive society having been carved out by the predecessor models.\nAdvanced engine with supercharging\nThe 7.7-litre eight-cylinder unit with its in-line design was a progressive, solid engine when compared with the eight-cylinder variant in the Nürburg model, but it could not be classed as sophisticated when compared with the engine in the forerunner of the Model 630. In comparison with the international competitors, one special feature did remain: the vehicle could be equipped – as an option at that time – with a supercharger which increased the output from 150 hp (110 kW) to 200 hp (147 kW). Another special feature of the W 07 model series was the fact that the car was available without a compressor with a deletion allowance of 3000 Reichsmarks. 13 customers availed themselves of this opportunity. The overhead valves were operated by a low-mounted camshaft via tappets and rocker arms. The cylinder head made of grey cast iron was sealed by an electron valve cover. The engine block of grey cast iron chromium-nickel alloy housed the crankshaft with nine bearings and was closed off at the bottom by an electron sump. The cylinder head contained eight spark plugs for the engine which worked with combined battery and magneto ignition.\nFor the naturally aspirated and belt-driven supercharger version the mixture was supplied via an updraught twin carburettor with an accelerator pump and choke. When the engine was cold the starting procedure was also made easier by preheating of the intake manifold.\nThe transmission represented a special feature, as an overdrive could also be selected in addition to the usual three forward gears, making a total of six forward gears available. The overdrive was preselected via a lever on the steering wheel, and activated by briefly decelerating without pressing the clutch. The same method was used for shifting down. Throughout the entire construction period the ‘Super Mercedes’ of model series W 07 had the two final-drive ratios i = 4.5 and i = 4.9 at its disposal.\nIn the case of the early vehicles, lubrication of the chassis was carried out automatically via a central lubrication process which involved the engine oil being pumped out of the sump at the appropriate points of lubrication. On the later models the usual central lubrication employed at Daimler-Benz then was used, whereby every 100 kilometres the tappet of a pump which had to be operated by foot supplied the lubrication points with oil.\nThe low-frame chassis offset at the front and rear with cross bracing in the centre consisted of closed U-section steel side members.\nThe front axle, a rigid axle made of chromium-nickel steel with an H-section and the rear rigid axle were connected with the frame by long semi-elliptic springs and were supported in their springing work by lever-type shock absorbers.\nWhere the early vehicles were concerned, changing the wheels was a tiresome business: the 2.7-tonne car had to be raised manually using a jack. Later cars offered a built-in hydraulic hoist which raised individual wheels. The wheels used were variously-sized wire spoke wheels or what were known as artillery wheels. The latter were wood spoke wheels which had originally been used for heavy artillery canons. 7.00 x 20 low-pressure tyres, 190 x 20 ‘giant pneumatic tyres’ and 8.25 x 17 low-pressure tyres were used.\nWhat was striking during the production period of this ‘Super Mercedes’ was the change in body style that took place within this time, which spanned nearly eight years. To start with there were still very sharp-edged bodies with upright windscreens and tail ends without boots, but over the course of time more rounded shapes developed, as did windscreens which were positioned at more of an angle and what were at first boots merely added on, before they were finally integrated into the overall shape. The wheels were also quite isolated, particularly the front wheels, as they were only covered by a curved sheet metal panel serving as a wing. As time went by, the wings too, with their deep aprons and the wheels they housed, could be seen more as an integral part of the overall design and gave the side view of the body a more homogeneous appearance. It is also interesting to note that the top speed of the final models was raised from 150 km/h to 160 km/h – without increasing the engine output – a modest success achieved by rounder bodies. A special feature in the range of Mercedes-Benz passenger cars was the multifunction steering wheel with five additional functions: these included sounding the horn using the signal ring, turning up and dimming the lights via the button (adorned with the brand emblem featuring the star and laurel wreath) positioned in the centre of the steering wheel, and control of the fuel/air ratio, ignition and overdrive functions which were operated via three levers.\nAccording to the 1931 brochure the range of bodies on offer comprised the Pullman saloon, Cabriolet D, Cabriolet F and open-top touring car.\nThe 1935 brochure depicted the following body versions: Pullman saloon with a rear-deck luggage rack, Cabriolet D with a boot, Cabriolet F with a rear-deck luggage rack and an open-top touring car with a rear-deck luggage rack.\nPrices for the ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 07) in the years 1930 up to 1936\nPullman saloon, 6 windows, 4 doors, 7 to 8 seats 41,000 RM\nOpen-top touring car, 6 windows, 4 doors, 7 to 8 seats 42,000 RM\nCabriolet C, 2 windows, 2 doors, 4 seats 44,500 RM\nCabriolet B, 4 windows, 2 doors, 4 seats 47,500 RM\nCabriolet D, 4 windows, 4 doors, 4 seats 47,500 RM\nCabriolet F, 6 windows, 4 doors, 7 to 8 seats 47,500 RM\nDeletion allowance without belt-driven supercharger 3,000 RM\nIn 1937 and 1938, the chassis of model series W 07 was then on sale for 24,000 Reichsmarks. By setting this more favourable price the company was reacting to the significant decrease in demand that there had been since 1936 in view of the advent of the new ‘Super Mercedes’ of model series W 150, with its considerably more up-to-date technology.\nThe prices are those given in the brochure and to a certain extent they should be regarded as orientation values, as hardly any vehicles produced were identical, and Cabriolet-F bodies with a boot and the Cabriolet C not listed in the brochure were also supplied.\nThe following are examples of body assemblers who delivered bodies for the ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 07):\nAuer, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt\nErdmann & Rossi, Berlin-Halensee\nJosef Neuss, Berlin-Halensee\nPapler, Cologne\nReutter, Stuttgart\nVoll & Ruhrbeck, Berlin-Charlottenburg\nGerman Reich Chancellery, Berlin\nWilhelm II of Hohenzollern, former German Emperor, Apeldoorn/Netherlands\nEmperor Hirohito, Japan\nArchduke Josef, Budapest\nAdmiral Miklós Horthy, Budapest Germany Embassy, London\nOtto Wolff, Cologne, industrialist and Member of the Supervisory Board of Daimler-Benz AG from 1926 to 1940\nLord Mayor Karl Fiehler, Munich\nFederico J. Vollmer, wholesale merchant, Hamburg\nAxel Tidstrand, Sågmyra/Sweden\nIn total, 119 vehicles of the ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 07) model were sold between 1930 and 1938; the number of units was spread as followed:\n42 Pullman saloons\n26 open-top touring cars 18 Cabriolet D\n8 Cabriolet F 4 Cabriolet C\n2 Cabriolet B 19 chassis, of which 4 were sold to Erdmann & Rossi\n13 vehicles of these were supplied without a belt-driven supercharger\nAnother point to note is that there was never any such model as a 770 K, which has cropped up in the literature from time to time. The model designation is always: Mercedes-Benz Model 770 ‘Super Mercedes’. This also applies to its successor, the model series W 150 presented in 1938.\nOn the path towards the model series W 150 there were small quantities of an interim vehicle, the model series W 24, of which six cars were built for the Reich government. From the exterior it corresponded to a great extent to the early versions of the ‘Super Mercedes’ of model series W 150 and is often confused with it. From a technical point of view, however, they were worlds apart. As its source of power the model series W 24 had the 5.4-litre supercharged engine of the Model 540 K, which had an output of 115 hp (85 kW) without support from a belt-driven supercharger and 180 hp (132 kW) with supercharging. As far as the structure of the chassis was concerned, it was a hybrid design, which underlined this vehicle’s interim status: the frame was a box section frame, as was the case for all the large Mercedes-Benz models up until then. At the front the W 24 model series still had a rigid axle with semi-elliptic springs, but the rear axle was a modern DeDion axle with coil springs, which was used at the instigation of passenger car design engineer Hans Gustav Röhr, who had recently arrived on the scene. This design became the precursor of the DeDion rear axle which was later to be used in the W 150 model series and which was always referred to at Mercedes-Benz as the parallel wheel axle. The vehicles belonging to model series W 24 never went by one of the usual official model designations; internally they were occasionally referred to as ‘540 K (long wheelbase)’. Nothing is known of the whereabouts of the cars delivered to the Reich government.\nMercedes-Benz Model ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 150), 1938 up to 1943\n· Sophisticated chassis with independent suspension at the front and DeDion axle at the rear\n· A longer wheelbase facilitated larger body variants\n· Special-protection variants were also available\nThe creation of the new ‘Super Mercedes’ with the internal designation W 150 began at around the end of 1936 and can be attributed to two circumstances: on the one hand the increased demand from industry and government circles for a more modern premium vehicle, and on the other hand the realisation that the existing ‘Super Mercedes’ model with its conservative suspension including rigid axles at the front and rear plus a chassis of the type found in the very early days of the automobile no longer met the standards laid down by Daimler-Benz AG. There was also the fact that by then the entire range of passenger cars and racing cars – with the exception of the Nürburg model – had been changed over to designs which included front and rear independent suspension and that since 1931 when it built the Model 170, Mercedes-Benz had been a major protagonist in the arena of advanced passenger car chassis. Daimler-Benz was even already appearing on the international stage as a licensor for the progressive front suspension with two trapezoidal links and coil springs. Even the American motor industry, which tended to be more reserved in such matters, was now using this front suspension.\nIt was above all a challenge facing design boss Max Wagner: to come up with an up-to-date chassis for the new ‘Super Mercedes’, and the experience gained when redesigning the W 125 and W 154 racing cars proved valuable to him. As was the case with the latter models, for the new ‘Super Mercedes’ he used a chassis made of pipes as a longitudinal member. At the front axle this had trapezoidal links of unequal length and coil springs, and at the rear what was known as a parallel wheel axle – a DeDion axle with coil springs. The thrusts at the rear axle were absorbed by V-shaped front-facing members, which were pivoted on the centre transverse pipe.\nThe outer longitudinal members made of pipes were curved far downwards in front of the rear axle in order to achieve a low centre of gravity. The longitudinal members were connected to six transverse pipes which were pierced and welded with the longitudinal members. In conjunction with the large shock course for the spring, this torsionally rigid design with bending resistance resulted in excellent road holding, which was unusual amongst such big and heavy luxury cars. This was illustrated by a quotation from the only test report of the time, which appeared on 23 May 1939 in the British magazine ‘The Motor’: ‘Normally a limousine of this size will not be driven in a spectacular manner. We did some fast travelling on winding roads and the general standard of handling and road holding is undoubtedly very good indeed. The car holds its course admirably through fast bends, and the absolute rigidity of the tubular chassis is well reflected in the road holding. Although no ride control is employed, the suspension system provides a good combination of soft riding in town with steady cornering and freedom from excessive roll on the open road, and the whole car gives an impression of considerable stability.’\nBut it was not merely the chassis design that made such a difference compared with the predecessor – the larger dimensions played a part too. The wheelbase increased by 130 millimetres, the track width at the front increased by 100 millimetres, and at the rear by as much as 150 millimetres. And so the task of the body designers working under Hermann Ahrens was to create lighter, more spacious bodies, whose length grew by an extra 400 millimetres, making them precisely 6 metres long. But the vehicle weight also increased with the size. Whilst the brochure for model series W 07 still referred to 2700 kilograms, the weight for model series W 150 went up to between 3400 kilograms and 3600 kilograms – also according to the brochure. And in some cases it did not stop there. For the special-protection version as a six-seater, 4400 kilograms of mass had to be set in motion – as much as 4550 kilograms in the case of the even more heavily armoured four-seater. The engine output was also increased for these weights. In the naturally aspirated version the engine output increased by 5 hp (3.7 kW) to 155 hp (114 kW), with a switched-on positive-displacement blower by 30 hp (22 kW) to 230 hp (169 kW). The shafts of the outlet valves were filled with sodium salt for better cooling.\nThe three-speed transmission from the predecessor with engageable overdrives did not survive in the successor either. It was superseded by a four-speed transmission with a fifth gear as a high-ratio overdrive. So as not to be punished by shorter refuelling intervals with the increased engine output and significantly higher weights, the tank capacity went up from 120 litres to 195 litres. For what was the world’s largest representative vehicle when it entered the market Daimler-Benz gave the top speed as 170 km/h, though this was drastically cut to 80 km/h for the heavily armoured versions with their bullet-proof twenty-chamber tyres.\nSuperb performance\nThis is what ‘The Motor’ wrote about the performance and top speed of the conventional Pullman saloon in 1939:\n‘Changing gear gently, without the second-saving brutality that has normally to be employed for test purposes, it proved possible to cover the standing quarter-mile in 21 seconds. From a standstill to 50 mph took 12.2 secs. and to 60 mph. 17 secs., which suggests the standard of performance available without necessarily indicating the absolute maximum results obtainable. Cutting the blower in for a quarter of a mile sufficed to raise the speed from 75 mph to 87 mph, demonstrating its value in maintaining high averages after temporary checks. Timed over a quarter of a mile, the car clocked 100 mph. With some ease, carrying four people; indeed, it was accelerating along the Railway Straight at Brooklands. The speedometer is very nearly accurate erring slightly on the side of slowness lower down the range, and the ultimate readings obtained suggest that the absolute maximum speed is in the region of 108 mph, a truly impressive velocity for an eight seater limousine weighing 3 tons.’\nThe career of the ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 150) unarguably suffered due to the Second World War, which began shortly after production started. This was also borne out by the body variants produced: the open-top touring cars favoured by the government dominated, in stark contrast to the predecessor model, for which more civilian bodies had been made, such as cabriolets and Pullman saloons.\nThe bodies for the ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 150) were manufactured solely at the special vehicle production facility in Sindelfingen, which also met exclusive requirements. The designation ‘Sindelfingen body’ became a seal of approval in vehicle construction. The best-known example of this was the Cabriolet B, which was built as a one-off specimen for the heir to the Persian throne and is now a valuable item in the possession of an American collector.\nFurther special features included the various special-protection versions which existed in the familiar body forms, both open-top and closed. Vehicles with an armoured windscreen could be recognised by additional exterior slits which were linked up with the heating and ensured clear windscreens. Over the course of a special campaign during the war by order of the government calling for specially armoured vehicles (‘Aktion P’), ten four-door and four-window saloons were built. As has already been mentioned, they were even heavier than the special-protection Pullman saloons. Their windows were made of 40-millimetre multilayer glass. The floor was armoured with 8.8-millimetre plates, the rest of the body including the roof with 3.3-millimetre plates of special steel. One of those who carried out these modifications was Friedrich Geiger, who was to become the first Head of Design at Daimler-Benz in the 1950s. From the outside, only the very early vehicles could be told apart from the later models, due to their twin-row bumper and the absence of a boot flap. Their younger counterparts could be identified by the rubber-covered one-row bumpers, usually with two chromed bumper guards and a boot flap. The transition of the front wing to the running boards was non-uniform; sometimes it had a flowing design, but very often the wing was at an offset position to the running board.\nIn the case of the final special-protection cars built the running boards were left out altogether or concealed beneath trim, with the aim of preventing unwanted passengers from jumping onto the running boards. As was also the case decades later with the Model 600, particularly wide chromed window frames were an indication of especially thick window panes in a special-protection car. The doors were locked electromagnetically and the spare wheels used as an armoured shield. By way of compensation for the increase in weight, the wings were made of light alloy.\nThe new ‘Super Mercedes’ was the subject of a great deal of customer interest when it was launched – amongst authorities and civilian customers alike. However, because of the outbreak of war on 1 September 1939, only a few vehicles were delivered to civilians, as orders from the authorities were given priority. After the war the ‘Super Mercedes’ body served as a vehicle for heads of state, and was to be found in the royal fleets of Sweden and Norway, for instance, plus it was used when Winston Churchill visited the Norwegian King Haakon in Oslo in May 1948 and during the visit of Queen Elizabeth of England with Prince Philip in 1955.\nThe 1939 brochure showed the Pullman saloon, Cabriolet D, Cabriolet F and open-top touring car body variants.\nThe following bodies made up the 88 ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 150) produced between 1938 and 1943:\n1 chassis (International Car and Motorcycle Show of 1938, Berlin) 1 Cabriolet B\n5 Cabriolet D 7 Cabriolet F\n46 open-top touring cars, some armoured 10 saloons, 4 doors, 4 windows, armoured\n18 Pullman saloons, 4 doors, 6 windows, some armoured\nPrices for the ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 150) in 1939\nPullman saloon 44,000 RM\nCabriolet D 46,000 RM\nCabriolet F 47,500 RM\nA successor was developed for the model series W 150. In 1938, the model series W 148 had already been integrated into the development planning process, though at that time it was still intended to be a replacement for the Model 500 N (W 08). But during the course of the development period it increasingly took up the position of successor for the model series W 150. Chief engineer Fritz Nallinger believed that this made more sense, as he explained in April 1941, for instance.\nThe W 148 model series was intended to mark the creation of a more modern representative vehicle that equalled the ‘Super Mercedes’ of model series W 150. In those years modernity also meant ‘downsizing’, without having to relinquish space and comfort. These efforts were supported by the powerful 170 hp (125 kW) compact V12 M 148 engine, which was considerably shorter than the large-dimensioned eight-cylinder in-line engine M 150 that had previously been used in the W 150, and the M 08 eight-cylinder in-line engine of the Model 500 N. Engine designer Wilhelm Syring had employed an inventive design in order to keep the unit compact – one that had also been used by Maybach for his V12 engines: the crankshaft’s crank pins, which were located next to the main bearings fitted to the block, had only one crank web. The other one was integrated in the main bearing, which was what made the engine very short. By those days’ standards this V12 engine was positioned very far forward over the front axle, leaving sufficient room for the occupants whilst at the same time reducing the exterior dimensions.\nApart from the advantage where the amount of space available was concerned and the more modern technical concept with hemispherical combustion chambers, the M 148 also offered economic benefits.\nIt could be produced much less expensively than the large M 150 eight-cylinder in-line engine, as it was also used as a static engine but was manufactured in relatively large quantities and was increasingly replacing the M 08 engine as a current-generator drive system. Up until 1945, 3420 units were produced of the M 148 and the 6.5-litre M 173 derived from it, which was exclusively used for stationary applications.\nEven though the wheelbase of the W 148 model series was 100 millimetres shorter than that of the W 150 model series and the overall length was no less than 170 millimetres shorter, it still had a representative appearance. Occupants would have enjoyed the same level of spaciousness as they did in the legendary ‘Super Mercedes’. It was also so impressive because of the unrivalled reputation of a V12 engine whose smooth running characteristics were never able to match those of an eight-cylinder in-line engine. Despite the more compact dimensions the W 148 model series was no lightweight, tipping the scales with a mass of 3210 kilograms, but it did still undercut the previous ‘Super Mercedes’ by nearly 400 kilograms. Having said that, as development progressed, the company was forced to do without the weight reduction. The government was demanding more and more special-protection versions, and these would also have made the W 148 model series heavier than originally planned. In turn this would then have necessitated a more powerful engine – though that would have been an easy task for the experienced engine technicians from Untertürkheim. The belt-driven supercharger version of the M 148 was already available in the form of the M 157, which had an output of 155 hp (114 kW) without supercharging, and 240 hp (176 kW) with it.\nThe W 148 model series was more than just a pilot project. Up until 1942, work commissioned by the government was carried out on two open-top touring cars and two Cabriolet B vehicles. There was evidence that five test cars with various bodies in Pullman saloon and Cabriolet F guise were built, but as the war continued work was stopped in 1942. One Pullman saloon survived the war in a camp in the Black Forest, but no-one knows exactly what happened to this interesting vehicle – presumably it was scrapped. The other cars were probably destroyed by bombs that fell in Untertürkheim and Sindelfingen during the war.\nMercedes-Benz 300 to 300 d (W 186 II to W 189), 1951 up to 1962\nA vehicle representing luxury and reason in the difficult post-war period\nAn internationally accepted representative car with remarkable effortless superiority\nBy the end of the Second World War, the benchmarks had changed in Germany and Western Europe. People were suffering greater hardship, their needs were existential, their standards more modest, the newly elected Federal government in West Germany was closer to the people and democratic. The Federal President and the Federal Chancellor initially used cars merely as a mode of transport – the Pullman saloons and cabriolets from the Mercedes-Benz, Horch and Maybach SW 38 brands from pre-war times; the Governing Mayor of Berlin, Luise Schröder, used a Model 170 V as her official car.\nAt first everyone at Daimler-Benz had other things to worry about than thinking about a remake or new design of the ‘Super Mercedes’. The overall economic situation was gloomy, characterised by the rapid collapse of the ruined Reichsmark. An improvement was only to come about with the currency reform and the introduction of the German Mark, but this did not happen until 20 June 1948. Wilhelm Haspel called a meeting on 22 December 1947 with the aim of discussing plans for a sports and representative car; for a time he was not Chairman of the Board of Management at Daimler AG due to denazification, and it was not until 1 January 1948 that he took on this position again. The aim of the meeting was to decide on a range of vehicles also suitable for export – even in such dark economic times, Haspel recognised the necessity for Mercedes-Benz cars with the appropriate charisma in the luxury segment: ‘But what is missing is a vehicle that gold-plates the name Mercedes-Benz again.’\nAnother year and a half would pass, however, before Haspel’s ideas took shape on a more modest basis – in the period directly following the war, Central Europe had moved towards vehicles with a much smaller displacement. Initially priority was given to the Model 170 S (W 136 III, later W 136 IV), which Daimler-Benz brought out in 1949. Before the war it had originally been earmarked as the successor to the Model 170 V (W 136), and for two years it now assumed the role of the later S-Class in the Federal Republic of Germany in terms of price and social status. The two-seater Cabriolet A even became the country’s most expensive car. In 1951, the Model 220 (W 187) was launched, and it, too, was one of the S-Class’s forerunners.\nAgainst this background, the Model 300 (W 186 II) which was unveiled at the same time was seen as a superlative-class car back then – something that was reflected in its price and performance as well as its appearance.\nBut in the meantime the development department took several approaches when it came to creating a vehicle that gold-plated the name Mercedes-Benz again. In order to keep costs and new investments to a minimum in view of the difficulties involved in the procurement of machinery, existing stock was used up. Where the chassis and the bodies were concerned this meant the Model 230 (W 153) with the all-steel body from Daimler-Benz which had come out shortly before the war, plus the corresponding chassis with an X-type pipe with a wheelbase of 3050 millimetres. When it came to the engines the production units for the 2.6 litre M 159 engine had survived the bombings to such an extent that they could be built up again. This resulted in no less than 9004 units of this engine being produced between 1941 and 1944. Although originally intended for passenger cars, they were all installed in the 1.5-tonne L 301 model, which had carved out a career for itself as a small fire-fighting vehicle, and as a bucket-seat car. This engine had a hemispherical combustion chamber with V-shaped overhead valves, which were operated by the low-mounted camshaft via tappets. The first deliberations regarding the construction of a more representative vehicle were made on the basis of this M 159 and the model series W 153. To begin with it was given the model series designation W 182 and was intended to have a displacement of 2.6 litres. In order to take into account the increasing vehicle weight, in 1949/1950 the engine was given a series of higher displacements in rapid succession: firstly 2.8 litres and finally 3.0 litres, with various model variant designations to match.\nTried-and-tested technology as the basis for development\nThe engine derived from the M 159 was known as the M 182, and whilst it still had a crankshaft with four bearings and a displacement of 2.6 litres, it already boasted a modified cylinder head with larger valves. This was where engine developer Wolf Dieter Bensinger fell back on a design list that had been put together as a stop-gap measure, and this resulted in the characteristic oblique contact surface between the cylinder head and the cylinder block for the engine which was now called the M 186 I and for the variant derived from it. It was in order to take over as many production machines as possible from the manufacturing of the M 159 on the one hand, and also to create room for larger valves in the cylinder head on the other, that Bensinger hit upon the idea of the oblique section, which provided the larger area that was needed.\nAlong with the increase in displacement the crankshaft was converted over from four to seven main bearings. This engine with the internal designation M 186 I still had overhead valves operated via tappets, but that changed with the advent of the M 186 II, which operated the valves via an overhead camshaft. It was not until a good year before the vehicle presentation at the International Motor Show in Frankfurt am Main (IAA) in 1951 that chief engineer Fritz Nallinger told his colleague Karl C. Müller: ‘The results of work involving the M 186/II engine with an overhead camshaft have now reached such a stage that this design can be described as promising. Therefore I would ask you only to firmly plan in the machines which are used for the 186/II design and to set aside the machines which are additionally needed for 186/I.’\nSomewhat confusingly, the engine described at the testing stage as the M 186 II was later given the designation M 186 I or just M 186. Meanwhile the first design of the Model 300 always bore the model series designation W 186 II.\nOn 27 March 1950, in a report about the Geneva Motor Show, Nallinger also informed his Board of Management colleagues about the development status of what was classified internally as the ‘Group B car’, the Model 300: ‘The cylinder volume has been increased to 3 l, the control shaft moved upwards into the head. This has resulted in the following advantages: better governing of the engine speeds with regard to valve control, so that engine speeds resulting in favourable valve-time cross sections are achieved with the steeply rising cam shape. This means that with the 3 l engine with the normal carburettor engine and intake manifold configurations 115 hp is achieved.’\nFor reasons of time Nallinger now suggested building the body using stampings from the Models 170 S (W 136 IV) and 230 (W 153) and other new stampings. A solution that the Head of Body Testing in Sindelfingen, Karl Wilfert, who always tended to go his own way, set out in a letter to Wilhelm Haspel himself. But Wilfert had not reckoned on the reaction of his Chairman of the Board of Management. Haspel always had a very determined opinion on vehicles – when it came to both style and technology. He was completely opposed to Wilfert’s proposal and sent him the following reply: ‘Where the matter of shape is concerned, I believe that – even if you have fallen in love with this change – you will not contradict me when I say that this resultant object has become disproportionate and therefore decidedly inelegant. In short, there is no sense in wanting to change and modernise to such an extent an object that was created from a different overall design; the result will be a bastard and one should not do such a thing.’\nHermann Ahrens, who had actually been taken on again after the war by Haspel to work on body design for commercial vehicles, buses and coaches, was commissioned by him to design the body for the model series W 186 II. Ahrens achieved a good compromise between the taste of the predominantly conservatively oriented customers influenced by pre-war Mercedes-Benz design and the expectations of the customers in the initial post-war years, who demanded forms that flowed much more, headlamps integrated into the body and the absence of running boards on a luxury Mercedes-Benz.\nIn actual fact, the frame of the model series W 153 served as the basis, and its wheelbase – measuring 3050 millimetres – was also retained, but the frame was dimensioned in accordance with the much higher weight of the model series W 186 II. The wheel suspensions corresponded to the latest standard at Daimler-Benz: at the front there were wishbones and coil springs. At the rear a dual-joint swing axle was used, which was designed especially for high levels of ride and suspension comfort. In order to ensure handling safety and comfort with a full load, a torsion-bar suspension which was electrically engageable via the dashboard was installed.\nA surprise came in the form of the newly designed three-litre M 186 engine with an overhead camshaft and 115 hp (85 kW) at 4600 rpm. With a maximum speed stopped in tests by specialist journals at 158 km/h (‘auto motor und sport’), 160 km/h (‘Automobil Revue’, Bern) and 164 km/h (‘Motor Rundschau’ and ‘The Autocar’) it is Germany’s fastest car up until the unveiling of the Model 300 S (W 188) in October 1951, the latter being nothing other than the sporty two-door variant of the Model 300.\nLinking up with the tradition of the ‘Super Mercedes’\nThe new Mercedes-Benz 300 top model presented in 1951 was a representative vehicle by central European standards, but compared with vehicles available internationally it was not. But as a representative vehicle with the more modest claim characteristic of those years it did connect with the tradition of the ‘Super Mercedes’. It was unveiled as a four-door, six-windowed saloon and as a four-door cabriolet, which was described in the Daimler-Benz nomenclature as the Cabriolet D.\nFrom December 1952 onwards, the range of optional equipment features was extended to include a sliding sunroof and from March 1953 a partition between the driver’s area and the passenger compartment. Federal President Theodor Heuss and Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer accepted and adopted it as their official vehicle – in common parlance the car was even referred to as the ‘Adenauer’ 300. Legend has it that during the presentation in 1951 Adenauer asked General Manager Wilhelm Haspel in his Rhineland dialect: ‘Haven’t you got anything bigger?’. All the same he had his official car taken to Moscow when he visited the city in 1955, was driven in it to the Kremlin for his meetings with Nikolai Bulganin and Nikita Khrushchev and confidently and convincingly represented the young Federal Republic of Germany during its period of development.\nThe Model 300 also became a status symbol amongst many VIPs in Germany and abroad, such as King Gustav Adolph of Sweden and actors Gary Cooper, Errol Flynn and Fernandel, whose real name was Fernand-Joseph Désiré Contadin. The most famous customer of all was Pope John XXIII, whose specially designed 300 d Landaulet was one of the best-known Model 300 vehicles. The American Presidents from Dwight D. Eisenhower to John F. Kennedy were also driven through cheering crowds in the open-top Mercedes-Benz 300.\nUnder the headline ‘Might in moderation’ the Bern-based ‘Automobil Revue’ noted: ‘The tradition-bound, if also more relaxed, lines and the MB 300’s more powerful radiator which only varies slightly from the previous version, make it easy to overestimate its dimensions, which are modest compared with those of American cars.’ The Swiss went on to comment: ‘Anyone who changes over to the ’ But also: ‘The 300 is following the tradition of most European companies, which very rarely oversize their engines.’\nIn 1952, Werner Oswald attested to the Model 300’s superlative international class in ‘auto motor und sport’, summing up thus: ‘The engine performs fantastically. It’s not just its power and output – its elasticity, its refinement and its smoothness are delightful too. It is every bit the equal of the American throttle engines where the latter properties are concerned. Finally we want express how pleased we are that the Mercedes 300 also marks the German car industry’s return to the world market with a top product. In Untertürkheim they can be rightly proud of the fact that in building the MB 300 they have succeeded right away in creating a truly top-grade specimen.’\nIn its test no. 1467, the British journal ‘The Autocar’ wrote of the Mercedes-Benz Model 300: ‘There are very few saloon cars which are capable of a mean speed of over 100 mph, but to obtain this result on a five-six-seater saloon car with generous room for passengers and luggage, using an engine of three-litre capacity said to deliver only 114 bhp is a notable achievement. The suspension and handling qualities offer a combination of riding comfort, stability and safety which reaches the pinnacle of current achievement. The ride is soft enough for the most fastidious passenger, but is very damped, and there is no sensation of roll, even when travelling really fast over winding roads. There is no noticeable tendency to understeer or oversteer; if forced to the limit, the rear end will begin to slide, but in a way which is instantly controllable by a flick of the wheel. The Type 300 of Mercedes-Benz is clearly a very strong competitor for the favour of the most discerning international buyers, to whom it will appeal because of its performance, detail finish and equipment. It maintains a high general level of excellence.\nPrices for the Mercedes-Benz 300 (W 186 II), International Motor Show in Frankfurt am Main, April 1951\nSaloon without tyres 17,600 DM\nCabriolet D without tyres 21,600 DM\nDeletion allowance for fabric instead of leather upholstery 1,200 DM\nIn 1951, the year it was launched, another 43 vehicles were built. The reason for the fact that the price for a vehicle without tyres was indicated was that in those days there were market prices for tyres and their price was stipulated on delivery.\nPrices for the Mercedes-Benz 300 (W 186 II), from 25. February 1952\nSaloon with 5 tyres 7.10 x 15, including heater with 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 19,900 DM\nCabriolet D 5 with 5 tyres 7.10 x 15, including heater with 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 23,700 DM\nThe express mention of a heater might cause surprise, but back then this was not a standard feature of many vehicles – including those from other manufacturers – though it always was in the Model 300, for instance, even if it was expressly mentioned in the price list.\nAccording to the price list dated December 1952, at that time there was also a sliding canvas sunroof available for 750 DM, and from March 1953 for 950 DM there was also a partition between the passenger compartment and the driver’s area.\nMercedes-Benz 300 (W 186) production figures\nModel Design Model variant Production period No. of units\n300 Saloon W 186 II 186.011 04.51/11.51-04.54 4563\n186.015 with sliding sunroof Not separately recorded\nChassis 2\n300 Cabriolet D W 186 II 186.014 04.51/03.52-04.54 455\nThe Mercedes-Benz 300 b (W 186 III)\nIn Untertürkheim they were very much aware of the high expectations that were placed by the customers on a premium product like the Model 300, so work went on incessantly to perfect it. The fruits of these labours were presented at the Geneva Motor Show in 1954 in the form of the Mercedes-Benz 300 b (W 186 III).\nThe exterior identifying features of the Model 300 b were the bumper guards on the front and rear bumpers, which the previous Model 300 only had for its export version. The vent windows in the front doors symbolised major progress where ventilation was concerned. The chromed perforated wheel rims ensured better heat dissipation from the larger – now ribbed – brake drums, referred to back then as turbocooling. The driver was supported by a standard-specification vacuum brake aid – another new feature which had not been included in the previous Model 300.\nThe engine output was increased by 10 hp (7.4 kW) to 125 hp (92 kW) at 4500 rpm, which brought with it a consumption cut at the same time; ‘auto motor und sport’ records 17.3 litres over 100 kilometres for the Model 300, and for the Model 300 b 15.6 litres. Several measures were responsible for this. The increase in compression from 1 : 6.4 to 1 : 7.5 played a decisive role, as did the changeover from two Solex model 40 PBIC two-stage compound downdraught carburettors to two Solex model 32 PAJAT downdraught carburettors with two mixing chambers whose throttle valves open one after the other depending on the position of the accelerator. Further progress made by the new carburettor system also included the automatic choke, which provided a richer mixture for a cold start.\nA lot of journalists from the motoring press also described the Model 300 b as being a ‘superlative’ vehicle (‘Motor-Rundschau’) or a ‘diplomat’s car’ (‘auto motor und sport’). The partition between the driver’s section and the passenger compartment which was available as an option for this model from 1955 onwards also befitted its status as a diplomat’s car.\nPrices for the Mercedes-Benz 300 b (W 186 III) from 9 March 1954\nSaloon with 5 tyres 7.10 x 15, with plush upholstery, 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 22,200 DM\nSliding sunroof 750 DM\nPartition 950 DM\nCord upholstery 450 DM\nCabriolet D with 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 24,700 DM\nPrices for the Mercedes-Benz 300 b as per price list no. 1 dated July 1955\nSaloon with 5 tyres 7.10 x 15, including 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 22,000 DM\nSliding canvas sunroof 750 DM\nCabriolet D including 2 blowers, 2 fog lamps and leather upholstery 24,700 DM\nMercedes-Benz 300 b (W 186 III) production figures\n300 b Saloon W 186 III 186.011 03.54-08.55 1639\n186.015 with sliding sunroof Not seprately recorded\n300 b Cabriolet D W 186 III 186.014 04.54-08.55 136\nThe Mercedes-Benz 300 c (W 186 IV)\nFor the International Motor Show in Frankfurt in September 1955, the Model 300 was again brought closer in line with the model range of the times in technical terms, and became the Model 300 c (W 186 IV). From the exterior it could only be distinguished from the 300 b predecessor model by the larger rear window and the larger tyre size, 7.60 x 15. Along with the wider tyres there was also a changeover to wider wheel rims with size 5.5 K x 15 B, which were later also used for the Models 300 d (W 189) and 300 SL Roadster (W 198 II), but were not recognisable at first glance. The two most important changes concerned the chassis and the drive system. In the chassis a single-joint swing axle now also replaced the dual-joint swing axle for the largest passenger car model from Mercedes-Benz, ensuring better driving characteristics. The new feature in the drive system was the inclusion of the automatic Borg-Warner DG 150 M transmission with three gears as part of the standard specification. As the manual four-gear transmission was now only available optionally and with a deletion allowance, the Model 300 c was the first German passenger car that was only supplied with a manual transmission as an option. Above all it was chief engineer Fritz Nallinger and export boss Arnold Wychodil who drove forward the inclusion of the automatic transmission in the Model 300 with a view to the American market, and who did not wish to wait any longer for the completion of the company’ own automatic transmission, which would only come into use another six years later.\nIn June 1956, a sales information bulletin mentioned a long-wheelbase version of the Model 300 for the first time, though this was not reflected in the price lists. The body and wheelbase had been extended by 100 millimetres. By also moving the rear seats back 40 millimetres, the legroom had been boosted by 140 millimetres. It was the German Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer who initiated this design. At the beginning of March 1956 chief engineer Nallinger told his Board of Management colleagues the following about the Model 300 c: ‘I have included the car with an extended wheelbase, as in the version we shall be delivering for Federal Chancellor Adenauer. I think that we could include this extended wheelbase from September. The car can then accordingly be offered for sale at a higher price than the usual sales price.’\nIt was only a few months before the expiry of Model 300 c in July 1957 that a footnote in the price list valid from March 1957 mentions the extended-wheelbase version. There is no separate mention of this late addition to the product range in the model variant and production lists which were otherwise always meticulously updated. Production of the large cabriolets had already ceased in mid-1956.\nPrices for the Mercedes-Benz 300 c (W 186 IV) as per price lists no. 2 dated 22 September 1955 to no. 4 dated 3 May 1956\nSaloon with 5 tyres 7.60 x 15, with manual transmission, including 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 22,000 DM\nSaloon with 5 tyres 7.60 x 15, with automatic transmission, including 2 blowers and 2 fog lamps 23,500 DM\nCabriolet D with 5 tyres 7.60 x 15, with manual transmission, including 2 blowers, 2 fog lamps and leather upholstery 24,700 DM\nCabriolet D with 5 tyres 7.60 x 15, with automatic transmission, including 2 blowers, 2 fog lamps and leather upholstery 26,200 DM\nThe Cabriolet D was no longer listed as of price list no. 4 dated 3 May 1956, analogous to the end of production in June 1956.\nThe extended version (with a wheelbase of 3150 millimetres) of the Mercedes-Benz 300 c (W 186 IV) cost 3000 Deutschmarks according to price list no. 5 dated 1 March 1957.\nMercedes-Benz 300 c (W 186 IV) production figures\n300 c Saloon W 186 IV 186.016 09.55 -07.57 1367\n300 c Cabriolet D W 186 IV 186.033 09.55/12.55-06.56 51\nThe version with an extended wheelbase was not given a separate model variant designation.\nThe Mercedes-Benz Model 300 d (W 189)\nThe Model 300 received its most extensive revision in autumn 1957, resulting in a new model series designation, W 189. Not only did the longer wheelbase represent the standard dimensioning with immediate effect; the overall look of the vehicle had changed considerably: Hermann Ahrens turned his final passenger car design into reality. The tail end with the gently contoured side wings and the vertical tail light layout corresponded to those of the Model 220 coupé/cabriolet (W 180) and was given a larger boot. The front was also redesigned. The headlamps received trim rings projecting forwards in keeping with the style of the time. The rectangular fog lamps integrated into the wings formed a contrast to the round main headlamps.\nProgress for the driver came in the form of the large rear window which extended over the entire width and was wrapped around the sides. In conjunction with the retractable side windows and thanks to a 30-per-cent increase in the overall window area this helped to create a totally new sense of light and space and a better all-round view. At the time this concept was referred to as the ‘pillarless full-vision body’.\nWith an eye to the American market the Model 300 d had very much been brought into line with the expectations regarding driving which existed there. Examples of this included the suspension tuning which differed considerably from that of the original Model 300 and was now designed for comfortable, relaxed cruising. This impression was underlined by the smoother but also more indirect manual steering and the power-assisted steering which was optionally available with the standard-specification automatic transmission. The three-gear automatic transmission enabled the car to stand still on a slope without rolling backwards. Plus, when gear ‘D’ was engaged the first gear could now also be activated at speeds below 40 km/h by fully depressing the accelerator (‘kickdown’). In the predecessor it had only been possible to shift down from third to second gear in this way.\nPassengers’ wellbeing was enhanced by air conditioning from December 1958 onwards. Due to the additional charge that came with it, when the announcement about this new feature was made it was noted: ‘A cooling system has been developed for the 300. The gross price for this has been set at DM 3500. As this price hardly covers the material costs, a discount cannot be granted.’\nThe engine output was increased from 125 hp (92 kW) to 160 hp (118 kW) through the introduction of indirect manifold injection, so as to compensate at least partially for the higher vehicle weight. The tank capacity of 72 litres, which had been regarded as very mediocre, was now raised to 79 litres.\nWithin the exclusive series of the Model 300 d there was a special feature in the form of three vehicles specially built in 1960 which differed significantly from the usual saloons: a landaulet delivered to the Vatican for Pope John XIII., a second landaulet from the company’s fleet which was loaned to the Federal government for state visits, and a saloon for the same purpose with a large sliding steel roof in the rear. These cars differed greatly from the normal vehicles of the model because of their wheelbase, which was extended from 3150 to 3600 millimetres. The overall length grew from 5190 to 5640 millimetres, the width from 1860 to 1995 millimetres and the height from 1620 to 1720 millimetres. The car’s weight went up by 375 kilograms to 2365 kilograms.\nPrices for the Mercedes-Benz 300 d (W 189) as per price list no. 6 dated 1 September 1957\nSaloon with automatic transmission 28,500 DM\nSaloon with manual transmission 27,000 DM\nLeather upholstery (680 DM) and power steering (only with an automatic transmission, 750 DM) were not included in the price list. The prices were quoted in circulars no. 25/57 dated 12 September 1957 and no. 40/58 of 3 March 1958.\nPrice list no. 7 dated 1 September 1958\nSliding steel sunroof; not possible with partition 750 DM\nPartition with rear compartment heater 950 DM\nContinuous front bench seat No extra charge\nAccording to circular no. 67/58 dated 1 December 1958 the air conditioning cost 3500 DM. And the Cabriolet D was not included in the price list either – with an automatic transmission it cost 37,000 DM and with a manual transmission 35,500 DM, according to circular no. 69/58 dated 15 December 1958.\nMercedes-Benz 300 d (W 189) production figures\n300 d Saloon W 189 189.010 08.57/11.57-03.62 3073\n300 d Cabriolet D W 189 189.033 07.58-02.62 136\nIn the mid-1950s, Daimler-Benz acknowledged that the Model 300’s era was coming to an end, so head engineer Fritz Nallinger initiated work on a new ‘Super Mercedes’ with the model series designation W 100. It was unveiled in 1963 as the Mercedes-Benz 600.\nHowever, with the Model 300 the company had created a viable link between the Mercedes-Benz passenger cars, the Germany of the post-war period and young Federal Republic – both in terms of the vehicle’s proportions and the stylistic reorientation that occurred in the years following the war. A Model 300 d as a vehicle for the Pope in the Vatican’s fleet did not appear like an exotic foreign body – it looked as though it had always belonged there.\nMercedes-Benz 600 ‘Super Mercedes’ (W 100), 1964 up to 1981\nMaximum passenger comfort, highest possible levels of safety and superb performance\nClosed saloon and landaulet were available\nSophisticated hydraulics for various comfort features\n‘The “Super Mercedes” Model 600 – the exclusive vehicle for grand representation.’ That was a Press Information headline presenting the Model 600 in 1963. And so that there would be absolutely no doubt as to how it would position itself, the report continued in the same tone: ‘By unveiling the “Super Mercedes” Model 600, Daimler-Benz AG is presenting the vehicle that belongs in the top international league and that has time and again been the subject of discussion in Germany and abroad for many years. Mercedes-Benz is creating a link with the company’s pre-war tradition of being present in the world’s small group of outstanding representative vehicles – in the form of a luxuriously appointed car which offers the highest degree of handling safety.’\nThe company explicitly pointed out that this was not a matter of an existing model being replaced, but that a grand pre-war tradition of famous, large, representative vehicles was being picked up. And the sumptuous brochure which was produced for the launch of the Model 600 also headlined with ‘The Super Mercedes’.\n‘One approaches the large black car with awkward timidity. From its external aspect there is no doubt that this is a Mercedes-Benz. Powerful and heavy and perfected right down to the last detail it stands on its huge 9.00 x 15 tyres. And it is scarcely the grandeur of its appearance that really stops one in one’s tracks. Quite simply: it is the knowledge that one is looking at the best, most interesting, most advanced car there has ever been.’ Heinz-Ulrich Wieselmann, editor-in-chief of ‘auto motor und sport’ was not given to such euphoric assessments. The Berlin-born journalist with a loose tongue and a critical pen had not yet had the last word. The talented driver with a penchant for the upper speed echelons described the handling of the vehicle – which weighed in at some three tonnes – as follows: ‘We spoke of the driving characteristics of the “Super Mercedes” with a decidedly sporty driving style and we would expressly like to describe it as excellent. Not a few car manufacturers would give a lot to see their little racers moving through the bends as fast, as effortlessly and as safely as this three-tonner. Ride comfort is absolutely unrivalled.’\nHead of Passenger Car Design Rudolf Uhlenhaut decided on three main points of focus for a superior, up-to-date representative vehicle back then: maximum passenger comfort, maximum safety and superb performance.\nThese were basically also the premises under which the predecessor model was developed before the war, but this is often forgotten, in view of the political climate in which many of the vehicles of the time were operating.\nThe range of bodies available reflected a change in insight amongst those who used representative vehicles from the exclusive segment. In the case of the ‘Super Mercedes’ prior to the Second World War, the emphasis was putting individual people on display, which was reflected in the proportion – 67 per cent – of the total number of vehicles built. After the war this self-promotion aspect, which had above all been popular amongst dictators, increasingly faded into the background as democratic conditions became established. The proportion of open-top vehicles with a landaulet design was only 22 per cent in the post-war period where the ‘Super Mercedes’ was concerned. Only the landaulet on a long wheelbase existed as an open body form of the Model 600, with the exception of a landaulet with a short-wheelbase which was made for Count Berckheim. No cabriolets were built.\nHead of Press Arthur Keser invited ten European journalists to\nVal de Poix in Belgium on 28 August 1963 in order to present the new ‘Super Mercedes’ to them. They were Robert Braunschweig, Bernard Cahier, Piero Casucci, Paul Frère, Hermann Harster, Jacques Ickx, Harry Mundy, Hans Patleich, Heinz-Ulrich Wieselmann and Gordon Wilkins. The Daimler-Benz delegation welcoming them consisted of Fritz Nallinger Rudolf Uhlenhaut, Josef Müller, Karl Wilfert and Arthur Keser. In his introductory talk Uhlenhaut explained the developmental focal points of a superior-class car whose development had begun eight years previously.\nKeser was highly satisfied with the response to the presentation. After all, Robert Braunschweig from Bern had made no secret of his opinion when he announced that he had never expected Daimler-Benz to succeed in launching such a car right away. And Briton Harry Mundy explained that for years he had been trying in vain to persuade Rolls-Royce to modernise their vehicles. But they had not heeded his warnings, and now Rolls-Royce had to face up to the fact that Daimler-Benz was bringing to market a car which far exceeded Rolls-Royce’s standards.\nIn mid-1955, Nallinger laid down the key data of assembly C as the basis for the vehicle, detailing them as follows: ‘This assembly stands for the large touring and representative cars of the future. Its standard specification includes an automatic transmission, power-assisted steering and power-assisted brakes. It has the usual 6 seats. The floor assembly has been designed in such a way that a vehicle with 3 seat rows could also be created by extending the wheelbase if applicable.’\nAlthough Nallinger was already speaking in visionary terms in February 1956 of an eight-cylinder all-alloy engine with a displacement of 6 litres, development of the first V8 engine (M 100) for a Mercedes-Benz passenger car began with a displacement of 5 litres. The first specimen was running on the test station by the end of 1959. In two further stages the displacement was increased within a relatively short period of time to 5.8 litres and 6 litres to 6.33 litres in the end, with a final output of 250 hp (183 kW). A crucial factor here was the vehicle’s overall weight, which was repeatedly adjusted upwards during the course of development due to the extended host of equipment. In the case of the first three displacement sizes there were light-alloy crankcases with grey cast iron bushes. For the increase in displacement to 6.33 litres a crankcase made of grey cast iron was necessary, in order to accommodate the bore, which was 3 millimetres larger. In the four-speed automatic transmission the planetary gear set was extended from three to six planetary gears in order to transmit the considerably higher torque.\nAn interesting and noteworthy anecdote from a historical perspective concerns the fact that in 1956 chief engineer Nallinger was planning to include a V12 engine with a 7.5 litre displacement, deeming it to be a fitting partner for underlining the image of such a large touring and representative car. The installation drawings by engine designer Adolf Wente in 1957 proved that this was more than just a question of ideas being played around with. The 6.4 litre and 6.7 litre V8 engines from Cadillac and Chrysler were a decisive influence on Nallinger’s considerations.\nBy the end of the 1950s, it no longer sufficed for a ‘Super Mercedes’ to have a large body or display good performance in order to have a USP. More was expected of a Mercedes-Benz. The challenge that company employees in Untertürkheim and Sindelfingen set themselves was practically to make the impossible possible. Werner Breitschwerdt said of the Model 600 when looking back at the end of the 1980s: ‘In those days then we wanted to build a car that could do everything that was possible, and it had to be capable of doing more than all the other cars – for the driver and the front passenger.’ This culminated in concrete demands for ride comfort of the highest calibre unrivalled to this day, and at the same time sporty driving characteristics, a large car and yet playful handling and a luxury vehicle but athletic performance.\nThe operating comfort was exemplary for the time, because in Sindelfingen they refused to be satisfied with the usual electrically aided assistance functions for the window lift mechanisms or the door strikers. In a competition between electric assistance systems developed by Werner Breitschwerdt and a hydraulic system designed by Ernst Fiala, the latter won the day. Breitschwerdt commented on the matter as follows: ‘The electrical system would not have been able to accommodate the many functions that we wanted to incorporate back then. The problem was space and weight, because, amongst other things, we would have needed a second battery. The advantage of the high-pressure hydraulics system that had been developed was that precisely because of its high pressures it was able to get by with small elements. The hydraulics system was simply smaller, quieter and lighter than electrical systems that existed in those days.’\nMany parts were specially developed in Sindelfingen, as similar components from the aviation industry proved to be too heavy. The convenience hydraulics system supported or completed these functions: locking the doors (extended central locking); operating the sliding sunroof, operating the windows, operating the partition, operating the boot, operating the heater and vent flaps, front and rear seat adjustment, shock absorber adjustment and release of the parking brake.\nA particular focus during development of the new ‘Super Mercedes’ under Uhlenhaut’s leadership was on combining comfort with safe, sporty handling. The amalgamation of the air suspension with the front wishbones and the single-joint swing axle with additional lowered thrust arms with braking torque support and two cross struts and double suspension in conjunction with the adjustable shock absorbers resulted in euphoric reviews for the driving characteristics. In 1965 Reinhard Seiffert wrote of the ride comfort in the ‘Motor Revue’: ‘Ride comfort which undoubtedly optimises everything previously attained in automotive technology has been achieved.’ And of the handling safety: ‘The over-used word “adhesion” is entirely appropriate here, for the handling is completely neutral and remains so during fast cornering – up to a stage when at the rear there is perhaps somewhat less lateral stability than at the front, so that a slight decline in the wonderfully direct and sensitive steering allows safe control of the vehicle. But this is definitely not the norm. One can drive the 600 like a sports car on mountain passes without experiencing such phenomena – a well-driven sports car will then have trouble keeping up.’\nAnd in the end there is in actual fact nothing more and nothing less than the best car in the world, which is the conclusion drawn by the American magazine ‘Car and Driver’ following a comparison test also involving Cadillac and Rolls-Royce models, and as Reinhard Seiffert sums up with ironic understatement in ‘auto motor und sport’ in his test in 1966: ‘That one can – even when assessing cars – use such a vehicle as a point of orientation is a ray of hope in view of the general trend towards mediocrity. It is by no means exaggerated to expect from all cars as much comfort and operability as the 600 offers. They can probably never be too good, as even the 600 is, as we discovered following three weeks of everyday use, is just about good enough.’\nThe engineers took particular care over the braking system. At the front and rear the ‘Super Mercedes’ of the post-war period had dual-circuit disc brakes, with two brake callipers for each of the front 291-millimetre discs. The 9.00 x 15 diagonal tyres were specially designed for the Model 600 by the tyre manufacturers Fulda and Continental.\nRight from the outset the saloon bodies were available with the usual wheelbase of 3200 millimetres, the Pullman saloon with 3900 millimetres. They were later joined by the landaulet and Pullman saloon body variants with six doors. Two special designs were the landaulet with a short wheelbase for Count Berckheim and the Pope’s vehicle, also a landaulet, but this time with a long wheelbase.\nIt was astonishing that the Model 600, as sharp-edged as it appeared, had a Cd value of 0.458. By way of comparison: the Model 230 SL with a hardtop had a cd value of 0.515 and a Model 190 SL with a hardtop a cd value of 0.461.\nThe M 100 engine was also used in the S-Class, first of all in the Mercedes-Benz 300 SEL 6.3 (W 108), with no change to the output. Then in 1975 the Model 450 SEL 6.9 (W 116) made its debut with an engine whose displacement had been brought up to 6.9 litres and which now developed 286 hp (210 kW). This stage of evolution was also tested in the Model 600 – there is known to have been one test vehicle –, but in its case its displacement remained at 6.3 litres until manufacturing finished.\nWith a production period of 18 years between 1963 and 1981, the Model 600, alongside the SL of the 107 model series, is one of the vehicles that was made for the longest amount of uninterrupted time at Mercedes-Benz. Production was divided up into the following units:\nProduction figures from August 1963 up to May 1981\nModel variant Body Wheelbase Total production Left-hand- drive vehicles Right-hand-drive vehicles\n100.012 Saloon 3200 mm 2190 1917 273\n100.014 Pullman saloon 3900 mm 304 265 39\n100.015 Landaulet 3900 mm 59 49 10\n100.016 Pullman saloon, 6 doors 3900 mm 124 104 20\nOf which exported in total 2088\nExported to USA 743\nExported to Canada 37\nExported to America (non-USA) 20\nExported to Africa 182\nExported to Europe 536\nExported to Asia 473\nExported to Australia, Oceania 91\nOf which special-protection versions 44\n100.012 Saloon 26\n100.014 Pullman saloon 17\n100.016 Pullman saloon, 6 doors 1\nThe USA was the largest customer, buying 743 vehicles.\nNext came Germany with 589, France with 151 and Great Britain with 126.\n1964 prices Body\n100.012 Saloon 56,500 DM\n100.014 Pullman saloon 63,500 DM\n1971 prices (first price list with prices for the six-door Pullman saloon)\n100.012 Saloon 76,978.50 DM\n100.014 Pullman saloon 86,191.50 DM\n100.016 Pullman saloon, 6-door 91,741.50 DM\n1979 prices (last Mercedes-Benz price list including Model 600)\n100.012 Saloon 144,368 DM\n100.014 Pullman saloon 165,760 DM\n100.016 Pullman saloon, 6-door 175,728 DM\nThe two-door coupé built in Sindelfingen in 1965 was a special case. It was intended to be a test vehicle for looking into the possibility of a large coupé, which had been on the agenda all along as a successor to the 300 Sc (W 188 II). Today this coupé is privately owned and remains a one-off.\nReprentativos 7\nMaybach (W 240 series), since 2002\nA tradition-steeped automotive brand revived\nVarious technological features make it unique in the luxury segment\nTwo wheelbases are available\nContinuing the company’s tradition of the ‘Super Mercedes’, at the 32nd Tokyo Motor Show in October 1997 Daimler-Benz AG presented a foretaste of a future vehicle in the form of a study belonging to tomorrow’s premium class of luxury cars. At that time it bore the name Mercedes-Benz Maybach. But the time of its market launch five years later, Maybach had been revived as a brand in its own right. The study, that had been created in Daimler-Benz’s Japanese design studio, was the result of extensive investigations which had been carried out amongst the intended customer group all over the world.\nSome of the study’s most impressive characteristics included fully reclining seats, a bar and communication system in the rear, a luminescent band in the body at waistline height as a new design feature, a body made of sophisticated lightweight construction materials, headlamps with electronic light distribution, electrochromic glass in the roof with colouration irrespective of sunlight, three telephone systems on board, touch-sensitive screens, suspension with Active Body Control (ABC) and a V12 engine with cylinder shut-off.\nThe Maybach (240 series) was be classified as a follow-on vehicle within the ‘Super Mercedes’ tradition. It presented what was technically possible and created a new benchmark for superlative-class cars.\nTwo Maybach models were unveiled as series-production vehicles; in July 2002 came the Maybach 62 – whose model designation was derived from its overall length, which measured 6.2 metres (to be precise: 6165 millimetres) – which offered a similar amount of space as earlier Pullman saloons. This was followed in October 2002 by the Maybach 57 (which had an overall length of 5728 millimetres).\nFor years the Maybach 62’s USPs included the two reclining seats in the rear and the optionally available panoramic sunroof with its electrotransparent glass and solar cells for operating the rear air conditioning when stationary, plus – making its maiden appearance in the Maybach 62 – the ability to make the roof transparent or darken it at the touch of a button. In the second of these modes 76 per cent of the incidental light was still let through. Apart from this particular roof, a conventional roof with or without a solar module, a tilting/sliding sunroof for the rear compartment with an upstream solar module and a tilting/sliding sunroof without a solar module were also available.\nThe glass window in the optional partition between the front and rear seats was also equipped with the electrotransparency familiar from the panoramic roof.\nThe reclining seats offered six different adjustment functions: head restraints’ length, height and inclination, backrest inclination up to 47 degrees, fore/aft adjustment up to 135 millimetres; length and inclination of the lower-leg support and footrest angle adjustment.\nThe automatic seat belts with belt tensioners, belt-force limiters and sidebags were housed in the backrest as an integral restraint system. In addition to the sidebags, the passengers were also protected by four windowbags in case of a crash. As an option the seats were available with the multicontour backrest.\nThe front and rear windows consisted of 6.2-millimetre-thick laminated glass, with 7.2-millimetre-thick side windows. A special film facilitated effective noise insulation through its sound-deflection properties. The grey-tinted glass filtered the UV rays and reflected the infrared light from solar radiation. This brought a 27.5-per-cent advantage over green-tinted glass for the front windows – 22 per cent for the side windows – where infrared reflection was concerned.\nFor climate control two completely independent systems were available.\nThe Maybach 57 was developed primarily for the owner-driver who appreciates a generous sense of spaciousness but does not necessarily require all the space provided by a vehicle that is more likely to be in the chauffeur-driven category. For this reason, up until April 2010 the multi-adjustable reclining seat was exclusively reserved for the Maybach 62.\nThe other technological features beneath the bodywork were the same for both models: they came in the form of the 405 kW (550 hp) V12 engine, which offered a superb torque of 900 newton metres between 2300 and 3000 rpm and transferred this power to the rear axle via an automatic five-speed transmission.\nThe chassis with its double-wishbone suspension at the front and the multi-link independent rear suspension was fitted with the full-support self-levelling semi-active air suspension system AIRMATIC DC. The front brake discs (with a diameter of 376 millimetres) were gripped by two four-piston disc brakes, whilst at the rear one four-piston disc brake calliper sufficed for the 355-millimetre discs.\nThe 275/50 R 19 tyres were worn on 8 J x 19 forged light-alloy wheels.\nThe modestly shaped body had an excellent cd value for such a majestic saloon: 0.31.\nThe testers’ opinions on the Maybach’s ride comfort and handling were unequivocal. Writing in 2002, journalist Götz Leyrer of ‘auto motor und sport’ described his impressions: ‘So as was once the case with the 600, the Maybach demonstrates convincingly what Mercedes technicians are capable of if they are let off the tight leash of cost optimisation. Ride comfort is just world-class, even creating a clear lead over the S-Class. Gently cradling, the Maybach makes the condition of the road irrelevant. The noise from the powerful tyres is reduced to a minimum.’\nAnd in 2003, Bernd Stegemann wrote in ‘auto motor und sport’s detailed test report: ‘But who will quarrel about trivialities when they are being carried through the stresses of everyday life with incomparable serenity and gentleness? There is no doubt that the comfort experience in the Maybach deserves to be rated “excellent” and again puts a proper distance between it and the S-Class. It is no one individual achievement, not space, not silence nor the comfort of the seats alone that differentiates it from the norm, but the harmonious interplay of all the factors. If there is such a thing as tangible added value, a justification for the existence for this type of car: here it is.’\nWhen it came to the interior design, testers from the Swiss ‘Automobil Revue’ had the following impression when performing a comparative test with the Rolls-Royce ‘[...] Kitsch does not prevail in either of them, but in the Swabian there is so much well-done swank in the form of the popular wood/leather steering wheel, chromed trim strips, lavish Alcantara trim and sumptuous wool panelling.’\nAt the 75th Geneva Motor Show in March 2005 Maybach unveiled the 57 S model, to date the car with the most active driving style in the superlative segment. The enhanced V12 engine came from subsidiary AMG, which had developed this unit for the powerful special models from Mercedes-Benz. In order to increase the engine output, it was not simply a case of raising the charge pressure: the entire engine was modified and its displacement increased from 5.5 litres to 6 litres.\nWith the simultaneous revision and adjustment of the turbochargers and charge-air coolers, the output could now be raised to 450 kW (612 hp), the torque from 900 to 1000 newton metres. During the course of this increase in output, the suspension was also adjusted. The S model was given 275/45 R 20 tyres which were worn on special 8.5 J x 20 forged light-alloy wheel rims.\nFor the occasion of the International Auto Show in Detroit in January 2007, the majestic 62 model was also bestowed with the more powerful S equipment. Particularly for the long-wheelbase version, which after all weighed a good 155 kilograms more, it was not just the higher engine output that constituted a major comfort factor for an ambitious yet relaxed driving style – the higher torque was significant too.\nFollowing on from the S models with both wheelbases, at the Geneva Motor Show in 2009 the new top versions celebrated their debut under the name Maybach Zeppelin – this was a limited edition of 100 units. For owners with an active driving style, they were characterised – with a nice historical nod to the top model of its day, the Zeppelin – by the 471 kW (640 hp), 1000-newton-metre engine, which was the most powerful Maybach engine in a passenger car to date. The ‘Zeppelin’ lettering beneath the Maybach emblem with its double-M discreetly drew attention to the most powerful and most expensive passenger car of this exclusive range. There was, however, no historical link to this logo – it was a totally new creation. The Maybach for connoisseurs was full of visual highlights that set it apart: two-tone body paintwork, and high-quality leather with diamond-pattern upholstery in the interior, discreet ‘Maybach Zeppelin’ logos and trim in high-gloss piano lacquer completed the look. In the interior the perfume atomiser was a major new feature, releasing an individual fragrance.\nAt the 2010 Auto China trade show in Beijing Maybach unveiled its revised models, whose exterior differs from the previous models through the more upright position for its radiator grille. The grille on the S models now has six vertical chrome rods on each side. The centre rod is wider and appears to be an integral part of the grille frame. The front apron was given modified air intakes and daytime running lamps with LED technology. At the tail end, the new generation is signalled by dark red tail lights and chrome panels running transversely above the bumper. A new feature also includes the option available to buyers of the 57 and 57 S models to select one of the rear reclining seats, which is then installed on the front-passenger side in the rear. The seats now have a different look, which is characterised by additional piping in the centre seat and backrest section. As an option, a hand-woven version of the piping is available, with four fine, individual leather strips or with valuable CrystallizedTM Swarovski Elements.\nAlso as an option, all models are now available with a perfume atomiser which was developed exclusively by Maybach, and which had previously only been available for the Zeppelin special model. This equipment detail is a very special highlight. At the press of a button it produces a unique fragrant experience in the interior, through the use of sophisticated technology and fine scent. At the heart of the system lies a plexiglass sphere illuminated from within to which the Maybach owner can add a flacon containing their own personally selected perfume. A compressor sends a gentle flow of air into the plexiglass sphere and fans perfume molecules from the flacon into the car’s interior.\nAs an optional extra, the vehicles are available with a partition featuring a 19-inch screen and an overview camera. This enables the passengers in the rear to observe the traffic even through the non-transparent partition. Internet access comes courtesy of a WLAN router.\nAlthough the engine output for the S models was raised to 463 kW (630 hp), carbon dioxide emissions are down from 390 to 368 grams per kilometre. And for the other models with 405 kW (550 hp) the carbon dioxide emissions have also been cut: from 383 to 350 grams per kilometre.\nOverview of Maybach (W 240) models\nModel Engine output Displacement Wheelbase Presentation\nMaybach 57 405 kW/550 hp 5513 cc 3390 mm October 2002\nMaybach 57 S 459 kW/612 hp 5980 cc 3390 mm March 2005\nMaybach 57 S 463 kW/630 hp 5980 cc 3390 mm April 2010, Beijng\nMaybach 57 Zeppelin* 470 kW/640 hp 5980 cc 3390 mm March 2009\nMaybach 62 405 kW/550 hp 5513 cc 3827 mm July 2002\nMaybach 62 S 459 kW/612 hp 5980 cc 3827 mm January 2007, Detroit\n* Both variants limited to a special 100-unit series.\nMaybach prices (price list dated 27 May 2002, including 16 per cent VAT)\nModel 57 359,600 EUR\nDISTRONIC 3,596 EUR\nMicrophone with outside speaker 2,552 EUR\nIntercom system front/rear 1,392 EUR\nDark tinted glass 1,508 EUR\nAdditional boot lid lock 464 EUR\nKEYLESS-GO 1,160 EUR\nLuxury seat in the rear 1,740 EUR\nMotorola Phoenix mobile phone 3,248 EUR\nPanoramic glass roof with solar module for ventilation 16,820 EUR\nPower operated window curtains in rear 3,480 EUR\nForged wheels 2,320 EUR\nElectrotransparent partition with retractable window 34,220 EUR\nMaybach prices (date of revision: September 2010, including 19 per cent VAT)\nTyp 57 405,671 EUR\nTyp 57 S 465,290 EUR\n{gallery}historia-leyenda/daimler-repres/galeria{/gallery}\nTodos Los Artículos de:\nAbarthAlfa RomeoAllardAmilcarAston MartinAudiAustinBMWBentleyBristolBugattiBuickBultacoCadillacChevroletChitty Chitty Bang BangCitroënDKWDaimlerDelageDodgeDucatiFacel VegaFerrariFiatFordGuzziHarley-DavidsonIndianJaguarJeepKaiser FrazerLadaLamborghiniLanciaLand RoverLincolnLotusMGMaseratiMaybachMercedesMiniMorganMorris MinorMuseos de Vehículos Antiguos por MarcasMuseos de Vehículos Antiguos por PaísesNSUOldsmobileOpelPeugeotPontiacPorscheRenaultRolls-RoyceRoverSaabSeatSetraSkodaTerrotThomas FlyerTodas Las MarcasToyotaTriumphTuckerUnimogVespaVolgaVolkswagenVolvoZundapp\nTodos Los Artículos Sobre...!!!\nBerlinaBerlinettaCoches AmericanosCoches para NiñosCyclecarsDeportivosFamiliarFurgonetasGrandes AventurasMicrocarsPersonalidades del MotorPopularesRestauraciónSedanSubastasTractoresVehículos EléctricosVehículos MilitaresWoodies\nY también en este Apartado !!\nHistoria y Leyendas\nRolls-Royce: 100 años de historia (1904-2004)\nMini Cooper : Victoria en el Rallye Montecarlo 1964\nMorgan Cars Racing Competición\nEl Rolls-Royce del Hospital Infantil St Richard's en Chichester (UK)\nRover (1904-2004)\nMaybach \"Zeppelin\" DS 8\nCarlo Abarth\nAutomóviles y Camiones Tatra , exposición en Rétromobile Paris 2020\nTe puede interesar !!!\nSkoda 1000MB 50th (1964-2014)\nPeugeot 401 Eclipse 1935\nMercedes Classic Center Stuttgart: Servicios y recambios.\nMorgan 3Wheeler 1000 Edition\nVOLVO 262/262C (1975-1981)\nDaimler: 125 Años de la Fábrica en Long Island\nCadillac Fleetwood\nMercedes Benz , el dominio de una gran marca\nPeugeot type 177 Torpedo 1926\nJeep Station Wagon de 1946\nPorsche 911 Carrera RS 2.7: 40 Aniversario\nFord Corsair 1964-1970\nFueron Noticia\nTAGS: Todas Las Marcas\n© 2022 The Classic Times | Todo sobre Coches Clásicos\nEn nuestra web utilizamos cookies. 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{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9570808410644531,"wiki_prob":0.9570808410644531,"text":"No. 20 La.-Lafayette tops App St. 24-16 for Sun Belt title\nby: BRETT MARTEL, Associated Press\nLAFAYETTE, La. (AP) — Billy Napier took his time walking off of Cajun field, soaking in the celebration of a league championship, and at times wiping his eyes, after his final game as coach at Louisiana-Lafayette before he takes over the Florida Gators.\nLevi Lewis scored on a career-high 56-yard run and passed for another touchdown, and No. 20 Louisiana-Lafayette defeated Appalachian State 24-16 on Saturday in the Sun Belt Conference championship game.\n“I feel like we’ve been chasing this thing down for a long time,” said Napier, who coached the Ragin’ Cajuns to four straight Sun Belt West Division titles and lost the conference’s first two championship games and had the 2020 title game canceled because of the pandemic.\nNapier was hired by Florida last weekend to fill the vacancy created by the firing of Dan Mullen, but he insisted on being able to coach for the Cajuns in their conference title game before leaving the team to move on to its bowl game without him.\n“Nothing’s more important to me than doing the job for the players on this team, and you’ve got to compliment the players for their ability to focus,” Napier said. “Our team was well prepared. There’s no question. We executed our plan tonight.”\nEmani Baily rushed for 117 yards, highlighted by his 35-yard touchdown run on a third-and-9 play to give the Cajuns a two-touchdown lead early in the fourth quarter.\nLewis passed for 210 yards without a turnover and finished with 43 net yards rushing as Louisiana-Lafayette (12-1, 9-0 Sun Belt) lengthened its school-record winning streak to 12 games.\n“It means the world,” Lewis, a fifth-year senior and three year starter, said of winning the league title. ““I’m going to go home and just go cry. … It’s been a long time coming to win this championship.”\nCameron Peoples ran for a 43-yard touchdown in the first half for Appalachian State (10-3, 7-2), but the Mountaineers’ offense struggled to match its usual production.\nAppalachian State QB Chase Brice, who averaged 241.8 yards passing per game during the regular season, completed 12 of 30 passes for 119 yards and was sacked three times — twice by Cajuns defensive lineman Zi’Yon Hill.\nThe only time this season that Appalachian State scored fewer than 16 points was a 41-13 loss at Cajun Field in October.\nAppalachian State coach Shawn Clark noted that the Cajun defense was able to stop the run while playing two deep safeties, adding that when an opponent can do that, “it’s going to be a long day.”\nBut Brice scrambled for several first downs and kept the Mountaineers’ hopes alive in the fourth quarter when he rolled out on fourth-and-10 and connected over the middle with Thomas Hennigan, who slipped tacklers to get into the end zone. The Mountaineers then went for two but the Cajuns pressured Brice into an errant throw.\nApp State got the ball back once more at its own 35-yard line, down eight with 29 seconds left, but outside linebacker Chauncey Manac stripped Brice near mid-field and recovered the fumble to seal the victory.\n“It was a great football game,” said Clark, complimenting both his own team’s effort and the Cajuns’ execution. “We just couldn’t get into the rhythm that we’re used to.”\nLewis made several big throws on the game’s opening series to give the Cajuns an early lead, starting with his 35-yard completion to Peter LeBlanc on third-and-7. Lewis kept the drive going with a 10-yard completion to Dontae Fleming while scrambling to his left on fourth-and-3. That set up Lewis’ 27-yard scoring strike over the middle to Michael Jefferson.\nThe Cajuns took a 14-0 lead on Lewis’ long TD run on a read-option play.\n“That kid, he’s one in a million — one in 10 million,” Napier said of Lewis, highlighting the quarterback’s work ethic and knack for infusing teammates with confidence. “It’s one thing to be a great player. It’s another thing to be an incredible person and that’s what that guy is.”\nLewis’ 30-yard pass to LeBlanc in the final minute of the half allowed the Cajuns to set up Nate Snyder’s 33-yard field goal to make it 17-7 at halftime.\nThe Mountaineers nearly closed the gap when Corey Sutton got both hands on Brice’s 39-yard pass to the corner of the end zone, but cornerback Eric Garror ripped the ball out as both players crashed to the turf. That drive ended with a field goal.\nAppalachian State: The Mountaineers’ only losses in conference play all season came against the Ragin’ Cajuns in Lafayette. It was the third time in four years Appalachian State had played in the Sun Belt title game, beating Louisiana-Lafayette the first two times in Boone, North Carolina.\nLouisiana-Lafayette: Napier finished 40-12 in four years — 33-5 during the past three seasons.\n““I would say I’m hopeful some of progress we made will be continued,” Napier said, praising how the players at ULL and the surrounding community has affected him and his family. “They’ve impacted us. We’re better because of our time here.”\nAppalachian State: Awaits what will be its seventh straight a bowl bid.\nLouisiana-Lafayette: Awaits the program’s fourth straight bowl bid.\nMore AP college football: https://apnews.com/hub/college-football and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25. Sign up for the AP’s college football newsletter: https://apnews.com/cfbtop25\nSmall businesses set for weekend showcase\nJoe Rogan called Tesla’s Cybertruck ‘coolest car …\nLouisiana-Lafayette quarterback Levi Lewis (1) evades a tackle by Appalachian State linebacker Logan Doublin (40) before scoring a touchdown in the first half…\nLouisiana-Lafayette quarterback Levi Lewis (1) evades a tackle by Appalachian State linebacker Logan Doublin (40) before scoring a touchdown in the first half of the Sun Belt Conference championship NCAA college football game against Appalachian State in Lafayette, La., Saturday, Dec. 4, 2021. (AP Photo/Matthew Hinton)\nCheck High School Football Scores Here!\nCarthage Humane Society reports 2021 year, encourages …","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line660615"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6399149894714355,"wiki_prob":0.36008501052856445,"text":"Perrigo Announces Leadership Change in Rx Pharmaceuticals Segment\nAppoints John Wesolowski as Acting General Manager, Rx Pharmaceuticals\nDUBLIN, July 20, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Perrigo Company plc (\"Perrigo\" or the \"Company\") (NYSE: PRGO; TASE), a leading global provider of Quality Affordable Healthcare Products®, today announced the departure of Douglas Boothe, Executive Vice President and General Manager, Rx Pharmaceuticals. John Wesolowski, Senior Vice President of Rx Commercial Operations, will assume the role of Acting General Manager, Rx Pharmaceuticals.\nPerrigo's Chief Executive Officer John T. Hendrickson said, \"John Wesolowski has the full confidence of our executive team to advance the business. He has 24 years of generic and specialty pharma experience and brings strong customer relationships, a deep understanding of our industry, and steady commercial leadership. We are conducting a thorough search process for a business leader who will focus on performance across our Rx portfolio and invest for future long-term growth. We are examining our overall Rx strategy and will continue to drive this organization to execute in the best interests of our shareholders.\"\nAs Senior Vice President of Rx Commercial Operations, Mr. Wesolowski oversees Rx sales, marketing, contracts, and customer service. In addition to these responsibilities, his role will now also include oversight of Rx finance and business development. Prior to joining Perrigo as Vice President of Commercial Operations in February 2004, Mr. Wesolowski served in several customer-facing roles at E. Fougera and Company from 1993 to 2004.\nMr. Hendrickson concluded, \"We thank Doug for his contributions and wish him well in his future endeavors.\"\nPerrigo Company plc, a top five global over-the-counter (\"OTC\") consumer goods and pharmaceutical company, offers patients and customers high quality products at affordable prices. From its beginnings in 1887 as a packager of generic home remedies, Perrigo, headquartered in Ireland, has grown to become the world's largest manufacturer of OTC products and supplier of infant formulas for the store brand market. The Company is also a leading provider of generic extended topical prescription products and receives royalties from Multiple Sclerosis drug Tysabri®. Perrigo provides Quality Affordable Healthcare Products® across a wide variety of product categories and geographies primarily in North America, Europe, and Australia, as well as other markets, including Israel, China and Latin America. Visit Perrigo online at (http://www.perrigo.com).\nCertain statements in this press release are \"forward-looking statements.\" These statements relate to future events or the Company's future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements of the Company or its industry to be materially different from those expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as \"may,\" \"will,\" \"could,\" \"would,\" \"should,\" \"expect,\" \"plan,\" \"anticipate,\" \"intend,\" \"believe,\" \"estimate,\" \"predict,\" \"potential\" or the negative of those terms or other comparable terminology. The Company has based these forward-looking statements on its current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections. While the Company believes these expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections are reasonable, such forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company's control, including the timing, amount and cost of share repurchases, future impairment charges, our ability to achieve our guidance and the ability to execute and achieve the desired benefits of announced initiatives. These and other important factors, including those discussed under \"Risk Factors\" in the Company's Form 10-KT for the six-month period ended December 31, 2015, and form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 2, 2016 as well as the Company's subsequent filings with the SEC, may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements in this press release are made only as of the date hereof, and unless otherwise required by applicable securities laws, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.\nFor further information: Perrigo Contacts: Bradley Joseph, Vice President, Global Investor Relations, (269) 686-3373, bradley.joseph@perrigo.com, or Arthur J. Shannon, Vice President, Global Corporate Affairs and European Investor Relations, (269) 686-1709, ajshannon@perrigo.com","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line36645"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7242355942726135,"wiki_prob":0.2757644057273865,"text":"Call 800-216-6864 to register for a free webinar.\nIn The Musikgarten\nThe blog for Musikgarten teachers\nTag Archives: music and movement\nHow Music Strengthens Community\nDecember 2, 2021 Uncategorisedmusic and movement, Music Education, Music Teacher, Music therapyMusikgarten\nJust about anyone who has ever listened to a musical group, whether it is an orchestra, choir, rap group, rock band, or jazz group can understand that music involving several entities requires a certain cohesiveness to succeed. This concept is not, by any means, a new one. The actual origins of “music” as we know it is far from settled, whether it began with human voices or the earlies known musical instruments. Whatever its origins, there is considerable science to show the social connections and benefits that music has provided, and still provides, to human kind. Music Strengthens every community.\nTribal customs and storytelling – Group music has shown to be an integral part of ritual and customs in the earliest tribes of humans. Rhythm and singing around a fire or while performing daily tasks retold stories, asked for blessings, and communicated with neighboring groups. This, in turn, strengthened the cohesiveness and cooperation between members of the tribe with an increased sense of safety and belonging. Songs that were repeated over generations were not as subject to “the grapevine” that verbal communications alone may distort over time. Music thus became a more dependable chronicle of tribal history.\nEmotional and social skills in children – In previous installments, we have taken a deep dive into how early childhood music education helps children to share, take turns, and speak up, but additional studies have shown that group musical training increases collaboration and coordination. Children that were involved in a weekly group music lesson over a period of time showed an increased motivation to provide support for others and a willingness to accept help from peers.\nNeuro-chemicals in the brain – Studies have also shown that singing together and listening to music has shown to directly impact neuro-chemicals in the brain that play a role in closeness and connection. This reactivity to music promotes the release of endorphins and dopamine in the brain, which makes us feel good and connect with others. The rhythm of music seems to be the factor that helps a group synch together and coordinate voices and body movements, increasing positive associations with and loyalty to ingroup members.\nMusic as a catalyst for social awareness and change – Throughout history, music has served to send a message that mere words cannot alone communicate. Some were songs of social unrest and calls to action. While Stephen Stills originally wrote the song For What Its Worth because of the sunset strip curfew riots of 1966, it quickly became an anti-war anthem that inspired and gave voice to a generational movement. Many other musical events and songs were designed to create awareness and provoke positive action in global society. Whether it be USA for Africa, Live Aid, or Farm Aid, these musical events brought many different communities, societies, and cultures together for a common cause.\nThe power of music continues to create community today – As Covid-19 started to take hold in nearly every society throughout the world, music again proved a powerful catalyst to bring people together. You may recall in the early stages of the pandemic, the world watched as Italians emerged onto their balconies to sing the national anthem together. As an auditory domain, music has the advantage of not requiring close proximity to share. As the pandemic has shown in home produced concerts online, beautiful group music can still be created with participants in different physical spaces. And even as the world waited in quarantine, music served as a way to create a sense of control over our lives, making us feel better and closer to one another.\nThe power of music has been demonstrated and acknowledged throughout history. Plato said “Music is a moral law. It gives soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, and charm and gaiety to life and to everything.” It has helped families bond and tribes tell their history, given a voice to those who didn’t have a seat at the table, and created human solidarity across borders and oceans. It is no wonder then, why it plays such an important role in our society, and that we would want to teach music to our children at the earliest age.\nKey Issues in Early Childhood Education: Part 3\nSeptember 28, 2021 Early Childhood Music, music and movement, Musikgarten Teachers, Science of Musicmusic and movement, Music Education, Musikgarten, science of musicMusikgarten\nContent and Measurement of Success in Early Childhood Education\nThis final installment in our continuing series of key discussion topics that early childhood educators face in the classroom has touched on several traditional assumptions that educators often make. Debunking many of those academic myths, we have focused instead on successfully nurturing children through inspired music education. Most of these conclusions and deliberations are posed and explored in an article published in Early Childhood Connections by renowned neuroscience educator Dr. Dee Joy Coulter, Ed. D. Our last blog topic considered the unnecessary urgency that some music educators place on curriculum and lesson plans. This final post of the series will address the issue of content and measurement of success in early childhood music education.\nThe difference between children’s music instruction and education\nIn the academic world, there is much debate and passion about the difference between instruction and education. In these approaches, roles of teacher and student are reversed, where in instruction the place of the teacher is central whereas the student is central in education. These methods in academia are not mutually exclusive, however. Music instruction, for example, requires technical training such as the proper way to hold a violin or drum mallet. These skills establish an important foundation for future musicianship, creating both respect for the instruments, but also developing ergonomically sound movements and postures. Repetition of these, in turn, introduce children to a world of practice. Children who have discovered the “practice effect” become much better equipped to deal with frustrations and failures in life without falling into a feeling of helplessness. Instructing these basic skills thus provides the music educator with a foundation of content that creates a fertile environment for children to inquire and explore musical concepts.\nHow do we measure the mastery of music instruction content?\nThere is a trend in education that puts emphasis on evaluation immediately after the lesson has been offered. Often referred to as summative evaluation, this is sometimes appropriate in the case that the lesson contained a range of facts or skills to be reinforced. However, the thinking of a child cannot be measured through a matter of facts or skills. So how and when should a children’s music teacher evaluate or measure success of musical thinking? It’s important for teachers to share ideas on these questions, but at the end of the day they must decide for themselves what they believe is worth teaching. Teachers often struggle with this concept, especially in early childhood education. Even early childhood education researchers continue to hunt for the most appropriate questions to ask in evaluating outcomes. Over time, educators should take time to understand what they really believe is worth teaching and learning in the early childhood music education field, and then continue to establish ways to measure these most important qualities.\nGeneral educators, and specifically children’s music teachers, are faced with several challenging issues that warrant continued exploration and discussion. Through this series of blog posts, we have endeavored to investigate some of those topics that we have found to appear time and time again. It is important for educators to contemplate and reflect on these issues as a way to reinvigorate and renew their commitment to teaching. As these important topics endure, so should the internal considerations and peer discussions by early childhood music educators. The gift of music to a child is something that warrants the devotion of those that are asked to inspire and educate.\nThis series of articles are based on the article DEFENDING the MAGIC: CURRENT ISSUES in EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION, which appeared in Early Childhood Connections and written by Dee Joy Coulter, Ed. D. For more information on Dr. Coulter and her insights into early childhood music education, visit https://embraceyourbrain.com/\nKey Issues in Early Childhood Education: Approaches to Children’s Music Curriculum and Lessons\nSeptember 15, 2021 Early Childhood Music, music and movement, Science of Musicearly childhood music, music and movement, neuroscience, science of musicMusikgarten\nOver the past several weeks, we have been delving into several key discussion topics or issues that early childhood educators face in the classroom. Much of this content is based on the observations and writings of neuroscience educator Dr. Dee Joy Coulter, Ed. D. The last installment explores how children’s music teachers can provide nourishment to children through soul, body, and mind, while feeding their developing and amazing frontal lobes. This next post will address the validity of two discussion issues related to children’s music curriculum and the role of lesson plans and content.\nDiscussion Topic One: The driving force behind music must be an elaborate curriculum with clear objectives and activities, for which content is the critical element.\nRudolf Steiner, Austrian scientist, thinker and founder of Waldorf Education, suggested in the early 1920s that parenting was quickly evolving from natural instinct to a more formal and conscious understanding. With all of the subsequent literature and available instruction available to parents today, it is plain to see that this prediction came to pass. This same evolution can be seen in the development of education, where carefully developed curricula with well-planned objectives and timelines of activities offer benefits to music educators and students alike.\nHowever, it is important to understand that children are the critical element in the classroom, not the lesson plan. It is up to teachers to adapt and shift focus as needed based on each moment with students to provide the nourishment of mind, body, and spirit. Content and form represent only ten percent of the learning experience, whereas the “magic of the moment” represents ninety.\nDiscussion Issue Two: It is important to cover all the lesson plans in a timely manner or children will “fall behind.”\nThis is a longstanding conflict in the field of education – Do teachers educate or instruct? Do children unfold, or do they acquire knowledge? The root for the word educate is educare, and mean “to draw forth,” whereas the root word for instruct is instruere, meaning “to pile upon. While educating children, especially in music, there is a building process where we are adding knowledge and skills on top of one another. So, within reason we do tend to “pile upon them” rules and ways as they enculturate and prepare themselves to be new members of our culture.\nHowever, if we are focused too completely on the time lines of learning particular content, children can quickly be overwhelmed. Staying attuned with what students are hungry for and offering them nutritionally sound material helps music teachers understand the next developmentally appropriate steps in the learning process. As early childhood music teachers, we want to leave children more inspired than exhausted.\nAs educators, we are often asked to place and emphasis on organization and metrics in the classroom. This is often done not for the purpose of the students or for education itself, but for outside stakeholders to have something to measure. We will tackle that discussion issue in our next and final installment. Many children’s music teachers already understand the lessons learned from the two issues discussed above. While well-designed curriculum and lesson plans have their benefits in children’s music education, teachers should stay attuned to the natural progression of each student and inspire them with nutritional offerings that feed mind, body, and spirit.\nIssues in Early Childhood Education\nAugust 25, 2021 Early Childhood Music, Musikgarten Teachersearly childhood music, music and movement, Music EducationMusikgarten\nMost teachers, especially teachers of children, will attest that they did not get into education for the money. In an Association of Teachers and Lecturers survey, 80 percent of educators said that they teach because they enjoy working with children, while 75 percent said they were motivated by a desire to make a difference for children. The combination of these two factors can be credibly linked to the amount of passion a teacher has for their job. Nationally recognized neuroscience educator Dee Joy Coulter, Ed. D., notes that this passion is amazingly frequent among children’s music teachers. Teachers with passion inspire students to seek and experience new ideas. Therefore, it’s a motivating factor that is necessary for high quality learning and teaching. Over the next several weeks, Dr. Coulter’s writings will guide us through some key issues these early childhood music teachers face, while exploring ways to meet these concerns.\nWhatever Children Can Learn, They Should Learn – and the Earlier the Better\nA young child’s way of learning is one of absorbing what is around them in an unpretentious and almost unconscious way. As such, they are so busy observing the world around them that they do not yet notice caregivers and teachers observing them. As this point, it does not occur to their wonderful beginner’s mind to begin observing themselves. It’s important for children’s music teachers to keep things this way for as long as possible, for as they become self-conscious, children’s minds give way to reasoning and shift to a more impressionable approach to learning.\nThe earlier stage of innocence is where passion for teaching music to children plays a most important role. At this point, they are still deeply impressionable, absorbing the educator themselves as much as what is being offered. Therefore, strive to offer children only the most inspired musical experiences that you really love, so that their early learning minds sense that joy and enthusiasm. Watch what they are inspired by, paying close attention to their responses. If there are things that do not inspire them, trust their taste. Young children are instinctively drawn to what they need next in development. This will give the observant music teacher clues as what to teach next and what to postpone. At this point, your passion is what you want to inspire in children, because it will expose their minds to that same excitement and a long-term love for music.\nChildren in a Musikgarten Toddler Class.\nMost Children do not have to be Taught How to Pay Attention\nIt’s a fallacy that most children have short attention spans and therefore need to be taught to learn from a music lesson. If provided fundamentally nourishing information in a passionate way, there is an amazing quality and duration of attention children can give in early childhood music classes. Rather than trying to teach children to listen, music teachers should offer something welcoming and playful that engages their interest and sustains their attention. If offered activities and objects in a nourishing environment, children exhibit surprisingly long attentions spans. In fact, music therapy is often used with children that exhibit developmental disabilities such as ADHD or Autism to grasp and hold their attention. Passion again has a key role to play in teaching at this point.\nOver the next several weeks, we will continue to explore several other key issues that early childhood music educators and studio owners face when instructing children. To effectively address all of these issues, passion is perhaps the most important tool a teacher can have to inspire young minds to also love music. A young child’s mind is constantly open to new and exciting concepts without bias, instinctively picking up on a music teacher’s enthusiasm and excitement. When music is provided in a fundamentally inspiring and nourishing way, children have a great capacity to pay attention for long periods of time and absorb information.\nMusic and Fine Arts Education More Important Than Ever\nAugust 3, 2021 Early Childhood Marketing, Early Childhood Musicearly childhood music, early childhood music marketing, music and movementMusikgarten\nIt is no surprise to anyone involved in fine arts education over the last several decades that arts classes have been gutted in public schools all across America. Since the recession of 2008, 80% of the nations schools were faced with budget cuts. That, along with No Child Left Behind and Common Core State Standards, pushed education administrators to prioritize math and science over other subjects such as music, drama, and art. Although the economy eventually recovered, these programs still have not. More recently, a robust economy showed some of the best state tax revenues in decades, administrators were looking at bringing back some support for these programs.\nEnter Covid-19. The estimated impact of the pandemic on America’s creative economy is well documented. Quarantined from school, many children had no other access to music instruction or the fine arts. These cuts to the arts in public education has created a greater need for other organizations, such as early childhood music studios, to step up and fill the gap. Owners and educators of fine arts studios understand the many and crucial benefits that the arts provide to people of all ages, especially children.\nThe Benefits of Music and Fine Arts Education for Children\nOver the years, this blog has served to remind children’s music educators what they already know about the benefits of music instruction at the earliest ages. But in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, fine arts education is more important than ever:\nChildren’s Music Class is a Chance to Actively Engage – Children crave interaction, both with their caregivers and peers. Music class provides a chance to sing together, dance together, and feel like part of a group. With so much isolation from others throughout the last year, it is important for children’s mental health to connect with others in a meaningful way.\nChildren in a Musikgarten Music Makers: at Home class.\nMusic Class builds Self-Esteem in Children – Participation in music helps children to feel smart and accomplished. Singing and dancing together aids music students in understanding that an ensemble is more powerful than its parts, with everyone contributing their singular efforts to create something bigger. Helping them to understand that their part is important to the success of the entire sound create a sense of worth and value.\nMusic can Help Relieve Stress in Children and Caregivers – Science tells us that simply listening to music releases dopamine and serotonin, but actively engaging and singing music also releases a hormone called oxytocin, which can alleviate stress and anxiety. This is not only helpful to children during the stressful home situations that Covid has produced, but for parents and caregivers as well. Participatory music classes with parents and children creates a way for a family to release anxiety.\nMusic Exercises the Brain and Improves Learning in Children – Participating in music, as well as learning a new instrument such as piano, changes the brain and improves learning. Like exercise does for the body, music does for the brain – improving understanding of language and written communication. While teachers have been trying their best to keep children engaged over screens during the pandemic, music can serve to help keep their brains tuned up for learning and prepare to return to the classroom.\nIncluding musical training, drama, and art into a school’s curriculum has been recommended by educational researchers again and again, but many school systems show no inclination to reintroduce these classes any time soon. Therefore, it falls upon outside fine arts education organizations to provide these all-important opportunities. For children’s mental health and preparedness in the aftermath of a pandemic, fine arts instruction is more important than ever.\nHow Early Childhood Music Classes Prepare Children to Learn Piano\nMay 26, 2021 Early Childhood Music, Group Piano, music and movement, Piano Teachersgroup piano, music and movement, Musikgarten, piano pedagogy, piano teacherMusikgarten\nPart 2 – Through THE MIND\nChildren’s piano instructors understand that a strong foundation in music from the earliest ages will help improve student’s progress and understanding of the keyboard later in childhood. We began by exploring how movement and the body influence this early instrumental preparation. As we continue to delve into how various areas of influence in early music education grooms children for the piano, or any musical instrument, we reveal how it prepares the MIND.\nEarly Childhood Music Education Prepares the Mind for Piano Lessons\nIs there a purpose to learning an instrument or reading music if a child has not first absorbed musical thoughts? For a very long time, expressive body movement was not linked to higher brain function in formal education. Until as recently as 1995, researchers and educators limited the health benefits of movement and exercise solely to the body rather than the brain. Now it is clear that movement is not separate from higher brain function or development, and that expressive movement combines body functioning with affective areas of the brain such as imagination. These neural connections can be seen in language, literacy, and dominance of ear.\nLearning Musical Language through Songs and Singing – It is easy to understand that children would not be asked to speak a language they have not heard, nor read a language they cannot speak. It stands to reason that there should be no exception for listening to and “speaking the language of music” before learning an instrument. Asking a child to read and sing or play a song on an instrument before they have ever heard it would not give it meaning of familiarity and affinity. This could be one reason why so many young piano students learn to play only “notes” instead of expressing musical ideas. The large repertoire of songs children have sung with friends and family as well as in the early childhood education classroom equips them with a musical language that will eventually allow them to better learn and play an instrument such as piano.\nChildhood Music Education Provides Foundation in Music Literacy – Through moving and singing children gain a multitude of experience with rhythmic patterns and steady beat, as well as tonal patterns and home tone. Just as a child learning to read looks for familiar patterns in words and sentences, so do they seek rhythmic and tonal patterns in music. This familiarity with musical motifs enable children to better express musical ideas, as their literacy brings harmony to mind and spirit. The ability to better grasp the patterns and language of a musical instrument is also influenced by dominance of ear.\nListening and Singing melodic patterns during a Musikgarten class.\nListening Skills and Dominant of Ear in Learning Piano – Children who have participated in early music education have learned to be led musically by their ears. Piano teachers discover that they have better listening skills and aural preparation, allowing the eye to more easily recognize what the ear already knows. As one of the first senses to develop in the womb, the ear is dominant in early childhood as children learn language and familiar sounds. Discriminatory listening skills develop as they attune to important sounds in the environment, such as a mothers voice. Early childhood education programs promote these aural insights by teaching children to focus tentatively on a sound source while imitating sounds vocally. Understanding slight distinctions in sound is a vital foundation for all learning.\nThe ear, arguably the most vital sensory channel to most children’s learning, is the linchpin for Listening, speaking/singing, and balanced/coordinated movement. It is no wonder that early childhood music education is so vitally important in learning an instrument such as piano since music links the ear, the voice, and the body.\nThis commentary is based on the article The Well-Prepared Beginner: Prepared in Body, Mind, Spirit, and Family by Lorna Heyge, Ph. D. Dr. Heyge is a pioneer in childhood music instruction, as well as a piano teacher of many years.\nHow Early Childhood Music and Movement Classes Prepare Children to Learn Piano\nMay 14, 2021 Early Childhood Music, Group Piano, Musikgarten Teachers, Piano Teachers, Science of Musicearly childhood music, group piano, music and movement, MusikgartenMusikgarten\nPart 1 – Through THE BODY\nChildren’s piano teachers often must “start from scratch” in teaching the child not just the keyboard, but all of the different facets of music. That is why many piano instructors will attest to how a child that has been involved with music education classes from an early age is often better equipped to learn piano, while doing so at a much greater pace. The benefits of introducing music to babies at the earliest stages of life are well known, and some of those same benefits can be applied to learning the piano. There are several reasons for this, which can be roughly broken down into the areas of Body, Mind, Spirit, and even Family/Community.\nIn the following months we will start to explore how participation in a children’s music curriculum, even at the earliest stages of infancy, help to set a strong foundation for learning any musical instrument later in life. The first facet of this strong musical foundation that will be examined regards the body.\nIn Musikgarten classes movement is central to steady beat, language development, and expression.\nHow Body Awareness through Music Helps Children Prepare for Piano Lessons\nDuring the first developmental period of birth through age six, children gain control and awareness of their bodies. As their rhythm and motor instrument, a well-coordinated body will provide the gross and fine motor skills a child will need to play the piano. A vital and natural part of this first stage of life, movement enables a child to communicate non-verbally how they see the world.\nToday, however, children are too often sitting – in front of the television, a computer screen, or in a car seat while busy parents run errands. This sedentary situation results in children having less control over their body movement at an early age. Music promotes movement, and purposeful movement through music responses help children with particular skills such as hopping or swinging, while also developing such musical skills as a sense of beat and meter.\nMusic and Movement Teaches Children a Steady Beat – Children experience their own internal pulse, which allows them to naturally recognize and adapt to the pulse of an external source. Infant movements such as rocking or bouncing is often in response to a beat, whether musical or otherwise. Through musical exposure and encouragement, these movements can be cultivated into the understanding of a steady beat.\nLanguage & Movement Help Teach Musical Understanding – Impulse control is a vital ability that tells our body when and how to move. Musical games, like Walk and Stop which incorporate movement instructions, help children establish important connections between language and motor skill. Later in childhood, this developing self-control prepares children to enter instrumental lessons that require language-mediated movement.\nExpressive Movement Supports Self-Awareness – Children delight in singing and dancing. When they are exposed to songs with purposeful movement and phrasing, they develop a sense of meter and how to feel the phrase through both music and movement. This relationship reinforces kinesthetic awareness and perception essential to self-awareness.\nSimple Instruments Build Coordination and Concentration – Playing simple rhythm instruments, such as shakers, rhythm sticks, bells, or drums, serve as an excellent preparation for finger, hand, and arm coordination needed to play the piano. While whole-body control and coordination are gained through dancing and other locomotor activities, simple instrument playing supports upper-body control and finger dexterity. Learning body control, including quieting the body between beats, helps children’s ability to focus their listening and concentrate on the finger movements required in playing a musical instrument.\nLearning body awareness and purposeful movement are important in the development of a child’s motor skills and coordination. Exposure to musical instruction at an early age, whether through purposeful movement or simple instruments, reinforce the steady beat, fine motor skills, and focused listening skills that will help them to approach keyboard instruction with a strong foundation.\nThe Listening and Movement Connection\nFebruary 25, 2021 Early Childhood Music, Group Piano, music and movementgroup piano, listening and movement, music and movement, MusikgartenMusikgarten\nOur series on how early childhood music programs influence Music Literacy at the Keyboard continues with the importance of body movement with music and listening. We have explored how singing a repertoire of familiar songs, as well as setting a good foundation of keyboard posture, are vital to instrumental education. Now the close relationship between music and movement complements these footings toward success in music literacy.\nThe Connection Between Music and Movement\nCultures all across the globe have used movement as the body’s expression of rhythm, which shapes the way we use and understand language. Children naturally desire and enjoy movement because it is exhilarating and energizing. A good foundation of understanding body manipulation helps them to play an instrument expressively.\nListening is vital to nearly all learning, not the least music education. And just as controlling body movement is more challenging for children today, so is learning to listen well. Developing a “listening ear” must compete with the increased amount of noise/sound and visual stimulation in a child’s environment.\nListening and movement are closely aligned through the ears two major functions. The first is vestibular, which controls balance, and thus nearly all movement. The second is the auditory, which directs hearing and voluntary listening. Therefore, it is vital to establish the important link between those two functions in early childhood music education.\nMusic and movement during a Musikgarten group music class.\nHow Movement Benefits Early Childhood Music Education\nRhythm and beat competency are emphasized in movement activities in early childhood music classes, particularly through tapping and drumming. Clapping, tapping one’s body, or using instruments such as rattles, sticks, bells or drums while singing helps to develop a child’s rhythm and beat. These, along with other group activities such as passing a beanbag in a song circle, brings children joy and social fulfillment. Drumming, in particular, has been a unique attraction for young and old alike in cultures all across the world. The tactile use of hands provides muscular memory while reinforcing the idea that the sound produced is directly related to the quality of the touch.\nDancing to recorded music as a group also provides a good opportunity for children to experience the flow of music while connecting to the larger community of their peers and teachers. In the most successful children’s music curriculum, teachers repeat these movement activities early and often so that the child in time feels free to express themselves through movement.\nEarly Listening Skills Make Children Better Musicians\nListening is defined as giving attention with the ear with the purpose of hearing. With the constant assault of noise and sound in our environment today, active listening is extremely important in order for children to concentrate. The very best training for listening employs the use of singing, chanting, and body movement to make the aforementioned connection between the auditory and balance/movement functions in the ear. Therefore, children’s music curriculum and teachers will continually engage in listening activities such as singing, reciting, and listening to music. The music teacher also instructs children to develop a listening posture that allows them to hear the music in their heads. This is particularly helpful at the piano, where body posture and hand position and technique are important for learning the keyboard. Through modeling and encouragement, the successful teacher is demonstrating attentive listening both through movement and posture.\nEstablishing and reinforcing the important connection between movement and listening helps prepare young children for playing any instrument. The union they feel between singing, drumming, and dancing will support the transfer of their understanding to piano. By introducing the keyboard as an extension of the body in this way, children learn to play the instrument musically – feeling the total experience of the instrument.\nIn our final installment of this series about Music Literacy at the Keyboard, we will see how all of these different foundational music teaching tools set children on the deliberate Pathway to Literacy.\nMuch of the content for this post was based on the introduction to Music Makers: at the Keyboard, childhood music curriculum developed by Musikgarten.\nMusic Literacy and the Second Stage of Child Development\nJanuary 26, 2021 Early Childhood Music, music and movement, Musikgarten Teachers, Science of Musicearly childhood music, music and movement, Musikgarten, piano pedagogy, piano teacherMusikgarten\nMerriam-Webster first defines literacy as simply “the ability to read and write,” but a second definition expands that to “knowledge that relates to a specified subject.” This is an important distinction, especially when considering childhood music literacy. In our next series of articles, we will explore how music literacy applies to the second stage of child development, specifically in playing the piano and instrument instruction. While most children’s music programs focus on music and movement in the first stages of development, many fall short of continuing the progress in the second stage of child development necessary to achieve music literacy.\nThe Second Stage of Childhood Development\nDevelopmental biologist Jean Piaget established the theory of phases of normal intellectual development from infancy through childhood. The second stage, which Paiget terms Concrete Operational, is where children’s thinking becomes less on themselves and more on their awareness of external events. Some experts argue that development is actually continuous, but Piaget did agree that the depending on the child, the age ranges could vary slightly. While Piaget defines the second stage of childhood development being from ages 7 to 11 years, our focus in this series of articles will focus on the 6 to 9-year-old child.\nReady to Face and Decipher New Challenges\nFrom ages 6 to 9 years, the child has begun a new phase of development both physically and cognitively. They are eager to face fresh challenges and have a growing aptitude for the refined movement needed to play an instrument. Their sensory motor functions have been well-integrated over the last six years, and serve as a good foundation for abstract learning. They are starting to not be satisfied merely with knowing the name of an object, but having the desire to know the how and why of things. One result is that the child’s mind is now interested in symbols, patterns, and codes to explore. This in turn helps to develop an appetite for improvisation and cooperative learning with other children.\nChildren Love to be Part of a Group\nBeginning in the second stage of development, and sometimes earlier, children are self-aware and ready to become part of a group, especially with peers. A peer group setting becomes a place where the child can begin to learn rules, push limits, and test ideas. This important stage of identity has the benefit of teaching important social skills of how to work with others in teams.\nGroups are considered very useful for learning things, as questions can be asked and addressed from different perspectives. This is why nearly all children’s education programs use group activities in the learning process. This is no different for childhood music programs. Children love being with and making music with others. The desire to contribute to the group requires deep concentration and absorption while teaching valuable lessons in cooperative learning.\nMusic Literacy through Children’s Group Keyboard Lessons\nLearning the keyboard provides children with the cognitive challenges and group dynamic that they desire. Music literacy applied to piano playing is much more than reading and recognizing notation or finding the correct keys, but also gives meaning to those notes in a way that allows for composition and improvisation. It is a child’s desire to communicate that motivates them to further develop a deep relationship with the aural and written art of music. This aural approach to music literacy becomes the foundation which provides the child a delightful transition to the world of music notation and understanding. This aural-to-visual method of literacy allows children to understand and appreciate music in terms of its tonality, meter, and style, while further refining their ability to listen.\nIn our next installments, we will explore specifically how discovering the keyboard in a group setting can be very different from the mechanical drills and rote learning that traditional piano learning imposed.\nUnderstanding the Nature of the Young Child in Teaching Music\nOctober 15, 2020 Early Childhood Music, music and movement, Musikgarten Teachers, Science of Musicearly childhood music, music and movement, science of musicMusikgarten\nMaria Montessori, the acclaimed Italian physician and educator best known for the pedagogical philosophy that bears her name, once wrote “follow the child.” The statement is acknowledgement that children have their own particular pattern, of which careful observation is key to understanding in the classroom. Many childhood music programs approach and develop their curricula based on this philosophy. But the story, however, of each child begins even before the classroom – with the family in the home. At birth, babies are immediately exposed to a world of senses, each of which influences their process of self-construction. The environment in which they are submerged has a fundamental effect on the rest of the child’s life. Over the next several posts, we will explore how those early years are so formative, what influences that growth, and how the role of parents and caregivers is so important.\nPhases of Childhood Development\nThroughout time, psychologists and academics have sought to divide childhood development into phases, stages, or periods. Whether it is Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development, Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development, or Montessori’s Sensitive Periods of Development, each differs slightly from each other, either in behavioral approach or developmental milestones. But all of these agree that the most formative stages occur in the earliest part of life. While there is slight variation in the exact milestones, for discussion we can identify two major phases in childhood development:\nPhase 1 – From birth to age three are years of intense activity and absorption.\nPhase 2 – From age three to six years is a time to consolidate the gains from the first period\nWhether cognitive or social, there is no more significant phase in human development than these early years, and even more influence is placed on the first three years of life.\nA Child’s First Three Years are Critical\nAn incredibly complex stage of development takes place during the first three years of life, as a child becomes consciousness of being separate from others and builds competencies off of stimulating experiences. In the creative process from newborn to three-year-old, a series of transformations take the child from helpless infant to becoming a confident person in his or her own right. During this time they experience a growing sense of selfhood with an ability, through language as well as mobility, to communicate their individual needs and desires.\nThis formation is possible at a pre-conscious level because nature directs the development in the earliest stages of childhood. These are “critical” periods, where the developing child focuses on the necessary factors in their environment that direct the work of inner construction. The first three years of human life are so critical because it is a period in which intellectual growth rapidly occurs and cognitive functions are being established. Therefore, early experiences within an interesting and stimulating environment promote optimal development physically, emotionally, socially, spiritually and intellectually.\nThe Senses are the Child’s Window to the World\nEven before they are born, babies have some senses in the womb. They can hear their mothers voice and music being played, they can also sense vibration when their mother rubs her belly, and often engage in self-touch as their skin gradually becomes more sensitive to stimulation. At birth, they begin to absorb their surroundings with enthusiasm during every waking moment. Through exploration and manipulation, sensory information (taste, smell, touch, vision, and hearing) is confirmed though movement. This sensorimotor exploration is a way for babies to learn without language and begin to develop the symbolic system that is the basis of concept formation and cognitive learning. In just three years, babies have organized what their senses have taught them in ways that encapsulate their own understanding.\nThe process by which infants and toddlers learn is based on an important and impressionable phase during the first three years of life. It is during this formative period that the child organizes information that has been gathered through their senses to begin to establish selfhood and identity. During this time and the next three years of life, several factors determine how the child will learn and grow physically, emotionally, socially, spiritually and intellectually. Continuing to explore the Nature of the Child, our next post will expand on the important factors that influence these critical formative years.\nMuch of the content for this post was based on the introduction to Family Music for Babies and Family Music for Toddlers, an early childhood music curriculum developed by Musikgarten.\nA Note to Our Readers:\nIn The Musikgarten is written to help you manage, grow, and enjoy your Musikgarten studio. Each month, we explore a new topic suggested by Musikgarten teachers and provide you with smart insights and totally do-able ideas that come from real teaching experience. You’ll also find interviews with experts and successful Musikgarten teachers as well as the latest news in music education research.\nPlease feel free to suggest a blog topic or ask us a question. We’d love to hear from you!\nA Short History of Do-Re-Mi\nTeaching Children Thankfulness in the Music Classroom\nA Brief History and Evolution of the Piano\nThe Science Behind the Benefits of Childhood Piano Lessons\n©2015 Musikgarten, All Rights Reserved.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line849999"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9663301706314087,"wiki_prob":0.9663301706314087,"text":"Vegas Golden Knights center Mattias Janmark (26) eyes the puck after colliding withTampa Bay Lightning center Steven Stamkos (91) during the third period of an NHL hockey game Tuesday, Dec. 21, 2021, in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/L.E. Baskow)\nNHL set to resume after 6-day break, eyes new CDC guidance\nU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cut the recommended isolation period from 10 days to five\nTampa Bay Lightning officials pulled a player out of a meeting because he tested positive for the coronavirus and no one in the room flinched.\nAs Anthony Cirelli went into the now-familiar COVID-19 protocol, the two-time defending champions practiced with their goaltending coach and an emergency backup in net and prepared to play Montreal on Tuesday night in a Stanley Cup Final rematch without either of their NHL goalies or their coach on hand.\n“It’s just the norm,” assistant Derek Lalonde said Monday. “Not trying to downplay it, but I just think it’s a reality of today’s world and today’s NHL.”\nHockey will return Tuesday after the league took an extended holiday break in the hope that virus cases will not continue to disrupt the season. While three more games this week were postponed — bringing the total to 70 this season — the NHL like other leagues will try to power through the latest twist in the pandemic with a possible boost on the way in the form of shorter absences for players and coaches who test positive.\nThe U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Monday cut the recommended isolation period from 10 days to five, and other North American professional sports leagues have already moved in that direction. NHL Deputy Commissioner Bill Daly said, “Obviously it will spur a review of the protocol” currently in place, which includes 10 days away for those who contract the virus and experience symptoms.\nWhile many of the cases across hockey have been asymptomatic or mild, the spread of the highly contagious omicron variant has led to a rash of positive COVID-19 test results across the league’s 32 teams. Dozens more players entered virus protocol Monday, with minor leaguers taking their place and taxi squads added to keep the NHL season going amid concerns about the quality of the on-ice product.\n“Unfortunate what’s going on around the league with a lot of teams having to deal with COVID issues right now, including ourselves, but I don’t think a lot is going to change moving forward here for the next couple weeks,” Lightning captain Steven Stamkos said. “We do have to get some games in if we can do it safely, and we can do it where teams have adequate players in the lineup.”\nStamkos and his teammates were preparing to play without reigning playoff MVP goaltender Andrei Vasilevskiy, five other players and coach Jon Cooper. Montreal will also be without several players for the start of a three-game U.S. trip; back home, Quebec has banned fans and all eyes are on virus restrictions in Canada that could further upend the season for a league with seven teams based north of the border.\nThe virus continues to play a role on either side of it. Pittsburgh and Washington each added six players to the COVID-19 protocol list, and the Vegas Golden Knights found out they won’t have coach Peter DeBoer behind the bench for their game Tuesday night at Los Angeles.\nREAD MORE: NHL brings back taxi squads in effort to keep season going; 3 more games postponed\nWashington is set to play again Wednesday against the Nashville Predators, who are dealing with their own virus absences, but the game is scheduled to go on as planned.\n“It’s not about who’s out,” said coach John Hynes, whose Predators put captain Roman Josi and two other players on the COVID-19 protocol list. “It’s about the players that are in and making sure we’re physically ready to play and mentally ready to play.”\nNot every game will be played on time. Chicago’s game at Winnipeg scheduled for Wednesday and a home-and-home series Wednesday and Friday between Dallas and Colorado are the latest to be postponed because of coronavirus concerns.\nThe province of Manitoba capped ticketed crowds at 250, so any Winnipeg home games for at least the next two weeks would be played with no fans in attendance. Along with needing to find new dates for the games postponed and more sure to come, the league also could shift games in Canada to later in the season with the goal of making sure there’s a crowd in the stands.\nAs of now, the Winter Classic between St. Louis and Minnesota is still scheduled to be played in front of a crowd of almost 40,000 at Target Field in Minneapolis on Saturday night in keeping with the league’s New Year’s Day tradition.\n“We’re just happy to be playing hockey,” Blues defenseman Justin Faulk said. “I don’t want to be sitting at home doing nothing during this time. I think we should be playing.”\nIn an effort to do just that, the league brought back “taxi squads,” a feature from the pandemic-shortened 2020 season. Each team will be able to keep up to six players on the taxi squad and can make more emergency recalls from the minors to make sure there are 18 skaters and two goaltenders available for every game.\n“It’s what needed to happen,” Carolina coach Rod Brind’Amour said. “You’re going to have a lot of these issues, so that’s one way to take care of it, have enough players around that you can keep playing. I think at the end of the day that’s what we’re trying to do: have a system in place that you can get guys into the lineup quickly.”\nThe league shut down for the annual Christmas break two days earlier than usual and extended it through Monday given the rapidly growing number COVID-19 cases. Several teams have reported asymptomatic or very mild cases, including 63-year-old Buffalo Sabres coach Don Granato, who was diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma in 2015.\n“Everybody’s asymptomatic, which is great, and, obviously, they’re testing every day, so if they get a negative test, they come back in,” Buffalo general manager Kevyn Adams said, referring to Granato and forwards Zemgus Girgensons, Dylan Cozens and Mark Jankowski, who are in the virus protocol. “It it is hard when even if you’re asymptomatic and you come back and you’ve been back for a while, you need a little time to get yourself back. But, yeah, so far with the way our staff and players have been asymptomatic across the board.”\nAP Hockey Writer John Wawrow and AP Sports Writer Teresa M. Walker contributed.\nStephen Whyno, The Associated Press\nCoronavirusNHL\nNHL brings back taxi squads in effort to keep season going; 3 more games postponed\nU.S. forfeits world juniors game against Switzerland due to COVID-19 quarantine","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1263728"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6224991083145142,"wiki_prob":0.37750089168548584,"text":"rpc-text_1\nDelegate Sponsorship\nCall for Papers Guidelines\nPrison Visit & Pre-Conference Workshops\n15th Reintegration Puzzle Conference\n26–28 June 2019 · Darwin Convention Centre – Darwin, Northern Territory\nSupporting Indigenous People Leaving Prison in the ACT: An Introduction to the Worldview Foundation:\nLorana Bartels commenced as Professor of Criminology at the Australian National University in May 2019. Prior to that, she was Professor of Law at the University of Canberra, where she was the Head of the School of Law and Justice from 2016 to 2018. She is an Adjunct Professor at the University of Tasmania and a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Lorana is a member of the ACT Law Society Criminal Law Committee, ACT Reducing Recidivism Advisory Group, Prisoners Aid ACT management committee, National Sentencing Network Leadership Committee, International Society for Therapeutic Jurisprudence Global Advisory Council and the editorial boards of the Alternative Law Journal, Criminal Law Journal and International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. She has published extensively on criminal justice issues, especially sentencing, corrections and the treatment of Indigenous peoples and women in the criminal justice system. She is currently undertaking research on two Australian Research Council grants on public opinion on parole and sentencing for sex offences. Her publications include three books; over 80 refereed journal articles, book chapters and conference papers; and consultancy reports for the ACT Chief Magistrate, ACT Justice and Community Safety Directorate, Corrections Victoria, Indigenous Justice Clearinghouse and Tasmanian Sentencing Advisory Council.\nThis paper gives an overview of Worldview Foundation, which runs a holistic well-being and employment opportunity and is currently focused on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in the ACT criminal justice system. This includes an intensive 13-week pre-release course run over 5 days per week, which focuses on mindset change and forming productive lifestyle habits. Post-release, team members are fully employed in Worldview's social enterprises, accommodated in shared transitional housing, and intensively supported by Indigenous and non-Indigenous mentors for up to 6 months. Worldview continues less intensive support for up to 12 months and will conduct monitoring and evaluation for 5 years, with independent evaluation by the Centre for Social Impact underway.\nWorldview’s philosophy is to set a very high standard of success for team members and then to do whatever it takes to help them reach this standard. A successful team member will be working at least 21 hours per week, attending the gym 3 days per week, paying rent on a property and maintaining a productive and healthy lifestyle, which includes making new positive social connections and developing relationships with family. Success coaching and ongoing mentoring is the essential glue which holds the program elements together, as it enables team members to achieve the mindset change required for this level of success. Other components include nutrition, personal development, addiction treatment, social and cultural connection, healthy relationships, education and training.\nThe paper draws on the presenter’s involvement and observations as an Academic Adviser to Worldview.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line170860"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6870139241218567,"wiki_prob":0.3129860758781433,"text":"\\ Antitrust Enforcement \\ Antitrust in the US \\ Competition and Pharma \\ Michael A. Carrier and Carl J. Minniti III ‘Biologics: The New Antitrust Frontier’ (2018) University of Illinois Law Review 1\n| Posted July 14, 2017 , updated on June 6, 2018 By antitrustdigest\nMichael A. Carrier and Carl J. Minniti III ‘Biologics: The New Antitrust Frontier’ (2018) University of Illinois Law Review 1\nThis paper – which can be found here – can be read together with the paper on biologics that was reviewed here.\nBiologics differ from small-molecule drugs along multiple axes. They are more expensive, costing hundreds of millions of dollars to develop. They also cannot be precisely replicated. As a result, they are likely to present different challenges than chemical generics. This article develops an antitrust framework for the problematic conducts most likely to arise.\nPart I provides a primer on biologics, offering a brief history before focusing on the relevant science and markets. In a nutshell, the pharmaceutical industry consists of small-molecule drugs and biologics. A biologic is a large, complex molecule derived from a living organism, most commonly a protein. Through an intricate manufacturing process, biologics are harvested in genetically modified cell lines and purified through complex, lengthy procedures.\nFor most of the twentieth century, innovation resulted in small-molecule therapies in the form of compounds produced through chemical synthesis, up until the development of techniques to manipulate DNA in living cells in 1976. The science underlying biologics and small-molecule drugs is profoundly different. Small molecules are created through a series of chemical reactions known as chemical synthesis. This process is relatively predictable, allowing generics to imitate brand drugs at low cost. In biologics, “the product is the process” and the use of living cells to create biologics is inherently sensitive. This unpredictability has dramatic effects, determining whether a drug confers therapeutic or toxic effects.\nIf variability in biologic development and immunogenicity is a concern for the biologic manufacturer in making its own product, a follow-on maker will confront even higher hurdles. While these entities can rely on patent disclosures and other materials in the public domain, they will lack access to critical information that the biologic manufacturer protects as a trade secret. Because biologics are “so closely defined by their manufacturing process,” this secrecy blocks competition. Furthermore, developing biosimilars is much more expensive than chemical generics – while launching a generic costs on average roughly $2 million, biosimilar development, which involves more intensive and uncertain research and development, costs as much as $200 million. This explains why, despite clear market opportunities, biosimilar introduction has been relatively slow.\nPart II then introduces the federal and state regulations addressing small-molecule drugs and biologics. The paper – which focuses on the US – begins by comparing the Hatch-Waxman Act (which regulates generics) and BPIAC (which regulates biosimilars).\nThis is likely to be of reduced interest, so I will not review it here (some elements may be mentioned in the next section). It is worth mentioning, however, that the benefits of obtaining follow-on approval under the BPCIA differ from those under the Hatch-Waxman scheme. A small-molecule generic is eligible for a 180-day period of exclusivity, while the first-to-file biosimilar does not benefit from such protection. Rather, exclusivity is granted only to the first biosimilar found to be interchangeable. To attain this status, the applicant must show that the follow-on version (i) is biosimilar to the reference product and (ii) can be expected to produce the same clinical result as the reference product in any given patient. Up until now, no biosimilar has applied for interchangeability status.\nPart III is the heart of the Article. It identifies seven conducts have been subject to antitrust scrutiny in the pharmaceutical industry in the small-molecule context. It provides an overview of such conducts and their antitrust treatment. It then assesses how likely they are to apply to biologics:\nReverse-payment Settlements – The authors find that this conduct is less likely to occur in the biosimilar setting. First, biologic manufacturers do not face losses as drastic from biosimilar entry as brands face from generic entry. In contrast, given high development costs and a more finite universe of potential biosimilar entrants, the price likely will not fall as significantly upon biosimilar entry, which may reduce biologics’ urgency to enter into settlements. These modest effects are compounded by biologic manufacturers’ lasting first-mover advantage, which arises from reduced substitutability of biosimilars when compared to chemical generics.\nRegarding the appropriate antitrust treatment, given the relative similarity of the applicable regulatory frameworks, the authors think that the rule-of-reason test developed in Actavis should be adopted.\nProduct Hopping – Product hopping occurs when a manufacturer switches from one version of a drug (say, capsule) to another (say, tablet). Many switches do not raise anticompetitive concern because they offer legitimate benefits and the manufacturer continues to promote the original version. Sometimes, however, the manufacturer undertakes activity like switching its prescription base from a profitable drug to a modestly changed version that only makes sense if it delays a follow-on’s entry.\nThe authors argue that “biologics’ differing science, markets, and regulations suggest a reduced frequency of product hopping but still require robust antitrust analysis”. The reduced frequency can be attributed to three main reasons: (i) in contrast to the straightforward reformulations that characterize small-molecule drugs, biologics are larger and more complex, which reduces the frequency of reformulations; (ii) the structural variability and complexity inherent in biologic development cause follow-on versions to strive only for similarity, and the less-pronounced price reductions in biologics compared to generics reduce incentives for originators to engage in product-hopping; (iii) the regulatory structure, which reduces the benefits of engaging in product-hopping.\nRegarding antitrust assessments: “courts are less likely to confront the antitrust implications of the conduct. But when they do, they can apply an improved version of the antitrust analysis they have developed in the small-molecule setting, evaluating a “no economic sense” test and timing-based safe harbor that incorporates the realities of the pharmaceutical industry.”\nRegulatory Abuse – This is a bit of a catch-all category that allows antitrust enforcement when sectoral regulation (and regulators) are unable to bite. It includes, to a certain extent, reverse settlements (above) and denial of samples (below), but also the manipulation of rules to streamline patent litigation (which provide in certain contexts for a stay on FDA approvals) and the fraudulent listing of patents.\nThe authors conclude that regulatory abuse is more likely for biosimilars than for generics because: “in the world of biologics, abuse of the patent provisions may cause delay years after a biosimilar application has been submitted and millions of dollars invested in a dispute”. This could be compounded by biologic’s originators assertion of late or hidden patents (i.e. by obtaining patents during periods which regulation sets out as being devoted to good faith negotiation and invoking them late in that process; or by assigning patents to third-parties and then being re-assigned such patents at a time of their convenience).\nAs above, the courts should conduct antitrust assessments based on a no economic sense test.\nDenials of Samples – The paper is here very similar to the more extensive discussion contained in the paper immediately above. As with generics, biosimilar must have access to samples to access the market. Given that biologics are more complex than small molecules, undergo changes during the product’s maturation, and do not allow the analysis of protein structure, which make it more difficult to predict how they will operate: “the FDA will (at a minimum) be as likely to impose REMS programs on biologics as on small-molecule drugs.”\nIt is noted that sample refusals blatantly contradicts the goals for which the relevant statutes have been enacted, and often have no reasonable goal other than to prevent market entry: “For that reason, antitrust has a crucial role to play in addressing the denial of biologic samples.”\n“Citizen Petitions” – In theory, citizen petitions filed with the FDA are designed to raise concerns that a drug is unsafe. Citizen petitions are a means by which any “interested person” can request that the FDA “issue, amend, or revoke a regulation or order” or “take or refrain from taking any other form of administrative action.” Some citizen petitions may raise valid safety concerns, but in many cases, they offer little value and the FDA is forced to spend considerable time responding to them.\nThus,“ in practice, [citizen petitions] bear a dangerous potential to extend brands’ monopolies by delaying approval of generics at a potential cost of millions of dollars per day. (…) [In the small-generics context] brands have used the process as a last-ditch effort to prolong their monopoly power.”\nRegarding biologics, the authors foresee that there will be more petitions filed in the biologic setting than in the small-molecule context. However, they expect that: “the proportion of frivolous, anticompetitive (…) petitions will decrease while those raising legitimate scientific concerns will increase. (…) [B]iologics are complex and unpredictable, implicating legitimate safety and efficacy concerns. These characteristics are magnified because biosimilars will, at most, be similar (rather than identical) to the biologic. In addition, many biologic makers have also taken on the role of biosimilar manufacturers.”\nRegarding antitrust assessment, the nub of the matter will usually be whether the (higher) threshold set out in the Noerr-Pennington doctrine (which grants antitrust immunity to those petitioning the government, subject to an exception related to sham petitions) is met. “In the biologics setting, the inherent complexity of the medicines and safety issues arising from follow-on products not identical to reference products will make it harder to prove that a petition is a sham.”\nDisparagement – Courts have recognized that disparagement can give rise to a cognizable antitrust claim. Such behavior can be uniquely effective in erecting barriers to competition.\nHowever, given the nature of competition between brands and generics, there have been few antitrust cases challenging disparagement. On the other hand, since “promotion, marketing, and the education of stakeholders will be crucial to the coming biosimilar wave,[this] could implicate disparagement and require courts to address novel antitrust theories. (…) Unlike the relationship between brands and generics, competition between biologics and biosimilars will require marketing and advertising to differentiate products, which increases the likelihood of disparagement. In the small-molecule setting, the products are nearly identical, which reduces the need for brand advertising campaigns against generics. (…) [Instead, biologics] may seek to influence, or even intimidate, prescribers by exaggerating the differences with biosimilars and highlighting potential tort liability, and sales representatives could communicate false information against biosimilars.”\nRegarding the applicable antitrust framework: “disparagement will present challenges that have not been confronted in the small-molecule setting. Analysis should consider the science and markets of biologics and biosimilars and significant competitive effects of false statements.”\nPrice Collusion – unlike the conducts reviewed above, little nuance is required in the antitrust analysis of price collusion. Yet: “compared to the small-molecule setting, characteristics of the biologics market point in the direction of increased collusion. The likelihood of collusion is higher because of (1) the smaller number of biologics and biosimilars, which makes it easier to coordinate, (2) an inelastic demand for the products because consumers lack effective substitutes, and (3) a more private negotiation process between the parties. On the other hand, the heterogeneity of the products makes it more difficult to coordinate on price.”\nIn short, the authors conclude that: “because of the importance of marketing and the difference with follow-on products, we believe biologic manufacturers will more frequently disparage biosimilars. We also predict that increased complexity will result in more citizen petitions. And we anticipate that the private nature of patent litigation and notice will lead to more collusion and (at least in the short term) regulatory abuse.(…) At the same time, biologics’ complexity will tend to reduce the incidence of product hopping, and the smaller losses from generic entry and increased use of inter partes review (“IPR”)3 should reduce the number of reverse-payment settlements.”\nI would seriously recommend that anyone interested in pharma reads this paper. Not only does it contain the best discussion of the difference between chemical and biological medicines (and generics and biosimilars) I have read, it also contains a detailed overview of anticompetitive practices in the pharma sector. I can’t really say whether the author’s prognosis regarding antitrust issues for biosimilars will prove correct, but even on that front the paper provides a potentially useful roadmap.\nCategories Antitrust Enforcement, Antitrust in the US, Competition and Pharma\nMichael A. Carrier ‘Sharing, Samples, and Generics: An Antitrust Framework’ (2017) Cornell Law Review 103(1) 1\nHerbert Hovenkamp ‘Antitrust and Information Technologies’ 2017 Fla. L. Rev. 68 419","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line506514"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5068788528442383,"wiki_prob":0.5068788528442383,"text":"Wind farm TIF approved\nPosted By National Wind Watch On June 3, 2008 @ 11:19 am In Maine | Comments Disabled\nFARMINGTON – The Franklin County commissioners on Tuesday unanimously approved creation of a 20-year tax break for TransCanada’s Kibby Wind Power Project that will be built in the unorganized territory near the Canadian border.\nPublic opposition to the deal has revolved around the $9 million of property taxes TransCanada would have paid on the $220 million taxable investment that under the Tax Increment Financing program, will be returned to the company. That money would have lowered municipality’s county taxes substantially, local officials have said.\nSupport for the project has been the $4 million the county will get over 20 years to invest into economic development improvements in the Franklin County unorganized territory. The money will be used to increase tourism and market the region, improve emergency telecommunications and services in the remote townships, use for mapping trails, support half the county’s annual fee for Greater Franklin Development Corporation, and for scenic byway improvements.\nCommissioner Fred Hardy of New Sharon said the decision was the hardest he has had to make in his 15 years on the board.\n“I firmly believe the TIF can be a benefit to Franklin County. I’m not doing this to give TransCanada a tax break. I am doing it to benefit the entire county,” he said.\n“Everyone will benefit with additional economic development,” he said. “Tourism is the only (industry) we have left.”\nPublic comment at last week’s public hearing was overwhelmingly opposed to the TIF and commissioners continued to receive letters and calls through Tuesday morning. They said those comments appeared to favor the tax break deal but a tally of the responses was not immediately available.\nDavid Cota, a vocal opponent of the TIF for TransCanada, said he was anxious to see copies of the letters to ensure that the public hearing process was honored.\nBy Morning Sentinel Staff Report\nnews.mainetoday.com\nURL to article: https://www.wind-watch.org/news/2008/06/03/wind-farm-tif-approved/","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line185822"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.5929367542266846,"wiki_prob":0.5929367542266846,"text":"Alex on Film\nFilm Commentary by Alex Good\n*. I’ve written before about how the Halloween movies constitute perhaps the most chaotic horror franchise ever. You can’t combine more than a couple of these films together into any kind of a coherent Michael Myers story. This movie, the third to be simply titled Halloween (following up John Carpenter’s 1978 original and Rob Zombie’s 2007 remake), doesn’t change this. Technically it’s a sequel to the original, taking place forty years later. But it rejects the further plot developments offered in previous sequels, including all the business about Laurie Strode (Jamie Lee Curtis) being Michael’s sister, and makes a couple of other changes to the back story. So really it’s a bit of a standalone.\n*. Given how long-running a franchise it’s been this may have been necessary. For movies like this there are two audiences, the hardcore fans and the newbies, and I think the former is the most important. The really hardcore fans, however, are, like Laurie and Michael, getting on in years. Even Michael’s iconic mask is now lined with leathery creases. Hence both the need to stay the same (all the old, familiar faces) and reboot.\n*. Judging from the film’s initial reception I think it satisfied both camps. Primarily it works as homage: There are lots of little nods to the earlier films and Michael remains the reliably non-verbal, superhuman Shape. My own response was less enthusiastic though.\n*. To start with what I liked. Jamie Lee Curtis is re-energized playing Laurie as a survivalist who has been waiting to kill Michael for forty years. There’s a generational angle that isn’t developed enough but which had promise. The idea of Laurie trying to protect her family in the panic room in the basement plays on the bunker-horror theme that was so prevalent in the 2010s. And finally some of the kills are surprisingly modest but effective.\n*. Now on to all I didn’t like, which is a slightly longer list.\n*. It was apparently a much longer film in its rough cut and I felt like a few of the characters had been entirely abandoned on the editing room floor. What happened to Allyson’s boyfriend Cameron? He seemed like he was being set up for a messy end. Why bother with the character of Sheriff Barker? He has no role to play at all.\n*. According to producer Jason Blum, he liked the idea of David Gordon Green directing because “if you’re a great director you can make a great horror movie even if you’ve never made a horror movie before.” True in theory, but I didn’t have any sense here that Green was comfortable working in the genre. There really aren’t any scary or suspenseful scenes, despite the potential being there. A good example comes when the babysitter finds Michael hiding in the closet. The timing of this entire sequence is off so it doesn’t even work as a jump scare. We know he’s in the closet, which should come as a surprise. Or take the gas station episode. What was scary about any of that?\n*. I thought the script was mostly trash. A new psychiatrist character is introduced, a successor to Dr. Loomis, and he isn’t credible for a moment. His motivation is a joke. Then the rest of the story is advanced through the usual idiot-plot behaviour and coincidence. The panic room was actually a trap? Then Laurie’s plan all along was to get Michael to go down there? How does that make sense?\n*. When the film isn’t paying tribute to its predecessors it’s raiding horror clichés. Rooms full of mannequins. Hiding in a bathroom stall. A hand grabbing an ankle on the basement stairs. Some commentators found the plot a new wrinkle on the final girl theme (Josephine Livingstone, writing in The New Republic, thought Laurie a Trump voter), but I thought the ending was standard fare. We’ve had kick-ass heroines enough by now not to see them as making any kind of #MeToo statement.\n*. In short, once it gets going this Halloween settles down into a predictable routine, not far removed from the other films in the series. In its favour, it may be the second-best Halloween movie yet (there will, of course, be more). On the other hand, that’s not saying much.\nThis entry was posted in 2010s on October 31, 2020 by Alex Good.\n← Halloween H20: Twenty Years Later (1998) The Invisible Man (1933) →\n4 thoughts on “Halloween (2018)”\ntensecondsfromnow October 31, 2020 at 6:13 am\nI’m going to extract your line ‘There really aren’t any scary or suspenseful scenes…’ as pretty damning. While it’s great to see Curtis, and this film evokes the original with some skill, it feels like it short-changes us on scares…\nAlex Good Post author October 31, 2020 at 7:50 am\nYeah, I have to sort of think that Green is a big part of the problem. You’re either a horror director or you’re not.\nIt’s not the mad take on the material that Rob Zombie has, but there’s a lack of patience with the material by Green that’s frustrating…\nI think he’s doing the next one too so we’ll get to see if he’s learned anything.\nFollow Alex on Film on WordPress.com\nAlex Good\nAlex on SF\nGood Reports","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1168636"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9576519131660461,"wiki_prob":0.9576519131660461,"text":"Read Next RS Recommends: These Light Therapy Lamps Help Boost Your Mood If You're Stuck Indoors\nThe Rise\tand Fall of the\tProud Boys\nMark Peterson/Redux\nThe far-right extremist group helped mount an insurrection. Then it began to splinter\nEJ Dickson\n“Let’s take the fucking Capitol.”\nA burly, bearded man in a ballistic vest and a baseball cap that says “God, Guns, and Trump” is trying to rally members of the crowd. The man’s name is Daniel Lyons Scott, but he goes by Milkshake. It’s around noon on January 6th, a frigid day in Washington, D.C., and even though most of the men there are wearing orange ski hats and winter jackets, they’re still shifting from one foot to another to keep warm. “Let’s not fucking yell that, all right,” someone else in the video says. Ethan Nordean, who goes by Rufio Panman, after the Lost Boys’ leader from the 1991 Steven Spielberg film Hook, shouts into the megaphone, with the air of an impatient older brother. “It was Milkshake, man. . . . Idiot.” The vlogger shooting the video, Hendrick “Eddie” Block, laughs uproariously. “Don’t yell it, do it,” says someone in the background.\nHours later, according to video footage, they do it. Led by former InfoWars staffer Joe Biggs and Nordean, the men march onto the Capitol grounds, yelling “Fuck antifa” and “Whose streets? Our streets.” At 1:07 p.m., Biggs and Nordean are seen near the front of a crowd surging toward the barriers, eventually overpowering police. Dominic Pezzola, a Rochester, New York, military veteran nicknamed Spaz or Spazzo, breaks a window using a riot shield he’d wrested away from a police officer, allowing rioters to filter into the Capitol. In the video, Biggs can be seen flashing a grin. “This is awesome,” he says over cries of “This is our house.” One Proud Boy livestreams himself half-singing, “Nancy, come out and play,” as if the speaker of the House was the member of some rival Warriors gang. According to federal filings, Spazzo later posts a video of himself smoking a cigar in the hallowed building’s halls. “Victory smoke in the Capitol, boys,” he tells his audience. “This is fucking awesome. I knew we could take this motherfucker over if we just tried hard enough.”\nNordean, Biggs, Pezzola, and Scott are all members of the Proud Boys, a far-right extremist organization with anywhere between 5,000 and 35,000 members, depending on whom you ask. Prosecutors allege that more than 60 people affiliated with the Proud Boys used an encrypted Telegram channel to plan the events of January 6th, including Biggs, Nordean, and Pezzola; Scott was arrested in May and charged with assault on a federal officer, in addition to other charges. Biggs, who declined to comment through his attorney, was charged with conspiracy, obstruction of an official proceeding, and destruction of government property, among other charges, while Nordean was charged with crimes including aiding and abetting destruction of government property (which the judge in a March hearing identified as a “crime of violence”), obstructing an official proceeding, and disorderly conduct in a restricted building or grounds; if convicted, he could face more than 30 years in prison. (An attorney for Nordean declined to comment; Pezzola’s attorney did not respond to Rolling Stone.)\nDefendants have argued in court filings that the Proud Boys are a loosely structured organization, and that the storming of the Capitol was a purely spontaneous act. Indeed, in an interview with Rolling Stone, Proud Boys chair Enrique Tarrio claims the FBI is using the group as a “scapegoat” to account for its own failures and that the Proud Boys had never planned to storm the Capitol, attributing their actions that day as a result of “mob mentality.”\nJoseph Biggs [front center, in plaid] seen with fellow Proud Boys on January 6th, 2021, later claimed he shared Proud Boys plans with the FBI in 2019 and 2020.\nJon Cherry/Getty Images\nBut more than 1,500 pages of Telegram chats recovered by the government indicate otherwise, with prosecutors alleging in court filings that Nordean, in the absence of Tarrio — who had been arrested two days prior for burning a Black Lives Matter banner at a black D.C. church — led members “with specific plans to: split up into groups, attempt to break into the Capitol building from as many different points as possible, and prevent the joint session of Congress from certifying the Electoral College results.”\nAccording to court filings, in the weeks leading up to the attempted insurrection, top leaders of the group, including Biggs and Nordean, are alleged to have set up a “Ministry of Self-Defense” to coordinate the plan of attack. “We’re not gonna be doing like a proud boy fuckin’ 8 o’clock at night march and flexing our [arms] and shit,” MOSD member and co-defendant Zachary Rehl said during a December 30th video call, according to court documents. “We’re doing a completely different operation.” On January 4th, another MOSD member instructed the group to “drag them out by their fucking hair” if congressional members attempted to “steal” the election.\nThat day, Proud Boys members eschewed their trademark yellow-and-black colors to go incognito, a way to confuse “antifa” counterprotesters, they said. But staying under the radar had never been the point. For the Proud Boys, the goal of January 6th had always been to make it clear that Trump’s most rabid acolytes weren’t going to stand by as their man went gently into that good night. And if they helped to orchestrate one of the most violent government coup attempts in American history, in this regard, the Proud Boys succeeded.\nBefore 2020, what the Proud Boys were and what they represented varied depending on whom you asked. If you asked members of the group, chances are they’d describe themselves as nothing more than a boisterous drinking club or “fraternal organization,” a bunch of bearded, tattooed “Western chauvinists” who were not averse to beating the shit out of the occasional lefty. If you asked far-right figures like Matt Gaetz and Roger Stone, they’d probably call the group enforcers, a necessary security detail that protected them from the threat of the far left. And if you’d asked the anti-fascists themselves, they would have told you the Proud Boys were violent white supremacists, or “nerds who thought they could start a gang,” as longtime activist Daryle Lamont Jenkins puts it.\nFor years, the Proud Boys operated in full view — selling merchandise on sites including Etsy and Amazon, being quoted in mainstream news publications, and spreading hate on social media — under the guise of semi-plausible deniability. The group trotted out its charismatic and media-credentialed leader, Vice co-founder and cable-news pundit Gavin McInnes, as “evidence” that it was a legitimate group simply trying to fight the scourge of political correctness. “McInnes has always espoused misogynistic views, and I think he saw an opening for himself” with the rise of the men’s rights movement in the 2010s, says Julia DeCook, an assistant professor at Loyola University who studies digital platforms and the far right. The Proud Boys would later play a similar shell game with Tarrio, who is of Afro Cuban descent, citing his leadership role as evidence that it was not a white-supremacist group, despite its anti-immigrant, misogynistic, and Islamophobic rhetoric, and many of its members having neo-Nazi affiliations. “All they have to do is say ‘I’m not racist’ ” to gain credence as a mainstream group, says Jenkins. “It’s one of the biggest things in the conservative playbook.”\nFor years, the media bought this perception, downplaying the horrific comments and actions of the Proud Boys’ founder and members. And this was by design, with leaders of the organization threatening legal action if they were depicted as violent extremists or white nationalists, even though that is exactly what they were.\n“For several years the media has not taken the Proud Boys very seriously,” says Margaret Huang, president and CEO of the Southern Poverty Law Center, which was sued by McInnes for designating the Proud Boys a hate group in 2019 (the SPLC filed to have the suit dismissed in April 2019, according to court filings; the case is still ongoing). “Generally, they were not perceived as a significant problem.” Providing security at rallies for political figures like Matt Gaetz gave them a “brush of legitimacy,” casting them as protectors and enforcers rather than posing a threat of violence, she says.\n“Mainstream liberals looked at the warnings of the left and thought that we were crazy. And then it happened. Even now, I still don’t think that people understand the danger that the right-wing groups present.”\nThe Proud Boys somehow managed to hold onto this air of legitimacy even as they openly attacked anti-fascist activists in cities across the country. “Mainstream liberals looked at the warnings of the left and thought that we’re ludicrous, that we were crazy,” says Luis Marquez, a longtime anti-fascist activist in Portland, Oregon. “And then it happened. And even now, I still don’t think that people understand the danger that right-wing groups present.”\nIn theory, the undercurrent of rage among the far right following Trump’s 2020 defeat, compounded with the success of the Capitol riots, should have fueled the Proud Boys’ recruitment efforts. To an extent, it did: Telegram channels associated with the Proud Boys saw a massive influx of new users in the weeks following the insurrection. But just as the Proud Boys seemed poised to take over the far-right ecosystem, the group started to fall apart. For one, Tarrio, the group’s longtime leader, was outed as a onetime federal informant, prompting many chapters to declare independence from the organization.\nProud Boys leader Enrique Tarrio faced rebellion in his ranks when Reuters revealed that he’d been an FBI informant after a 2013 arrest.\n“We reject and disavow the proven federal informant, Enrique Tarrio, and any and all chapters that choose to associate with him,” read a February statement on one chapter’s Telegram channel. In May, after being designated a terrorist group by the Canadian government, Proud Boys Canada disbanded, issuing a statement denying it was a white-supremacist or terrorist group.\nIn light of the fracturing of the organization, some of the group’s more openly white-supremacist members started publicly jockeying for power, leading many anti-extremism experts to worry that newly formed splinter groups could become even more radicalized. “This was a group that came out of January 6th super energized,” Alexander Reid Ross, a far-right-extremism researcher and the author of Against the Fascist Creep, told me in February. “But with ensuing stories of conspiracy charges and federal informants, [you] start to see the group deteriorating, one of the chapters splitting off into what’s likely gonna be a more extreme version. I don’t know if it’s the end of the road, but it seems like it might be close to it.” This is the story of where that road began — and of the dark recesses of the internet where it may lead us.\nAs the mythology of the Proud Boys goes, Gavin McInnes didn’t want to start a violent far-right insurrectionist group. He just wanted to start a drinking club. For two decades, McInnes had carved out a brand as a loudmouthed hipster media mogul, openly and earnestly spouting anti-immigrant, misogynistic, racist rhetoric under the guise of flouting the boundaries of acceptability. In an interview with the New York Press in 2002, he chalked up such rhetoric to Vice’s “punk rock” aesthetic: “We seem really racist and homophobic because we hang around with f–s and n—–s so much. It just becomes part of our vernacular,” he said.\nAfter coming across a copy of Pat Buchanan’s 2002 book, The Death of the West, the already blurry line between McInnes as troll and McInnes as blatant white nationalist became even more ambiguous. “I love being white and I think it’s something to be very proud of,” McInnes told The New York Times in a 2003 profile of Vice. “I don’t want our culture diluted. We need to close the borders now and let everyone assimilate to a Western, white, English-speaking way of life.” McInnes would later cite Buchanan’s book, as well as Jim Goad’s Redneck Manifesto and discredited race theorist Charles Murray’s Coming Apart: The State of White America, as “required” reading on Western culture.\nIn 2008, Vice officially parted ways with McInnes, citing “creative differences.” In a statement, a Vice representative noted the many years between his tenure at the magazine and the creation of the Proud Boys. “Vice unequivocally condemns white supremacy, racism, and any form of hate, [and] has shone a fearless, bright light of award-winning journalism on extremism, the alt-right, and hate groups around the world,” the representative said. The statement did not comment on McInnes’ work published by Vice.\nDante Nero was a frequent guest on McInnes’ video podcast but the comedian says he stopped after finding racist memes on the Proud Boys’ Facebook page. “The reality is [McInnes] was spewing this stuff the whole time,” Nero says.\nFollowing his departure, McInnes carved out a role for himself as a commentator on right-wing cable TV and podcasts, including his own video podcast, The Gavin McInnes Show. His brand was “using really transgressive humor to attempt to create plausible deniability about what, in reality, were bigoted beliefs,” says Cassie Miller of the SPLC. That antagonistic streak helped him build a large young, male, extremely online audience. Dante Nero, a comedian who frequently guested on McInnes’ podcast, initially viewed him as a likable contrarian: “He was a funny dude,” he says, referring to McInnes as an “anarchist, ‘I say blue, he says red,’ type of guy. He really liked when you went against the grain.”\nThe seeds of the Proud Boys seem to have grown from the podcast, with McInnes first using the term in December 2015 while griping about a “little Puerto Rican kid” singing “Proud of Your Boy,” a hit from the Broadway adaptation of Aladdin, while attending his child’s recital. McInnes mocked the child and his musical selection, calling it “the gayest fucking song,” but it eventually became something of an ironic rallying cry, with McInnes frequently evoking the lyrics. “Proud Boys” became an inside joke among McInnes and his audience, and they started hosting meetups.\nThe far-right leanings of the group were baked into its aesthetic, with members donning black-and-yellow polo shirts by the late British designer Fred Perry, whose brand has been worn by generations of subcultures, some with far-right ties. (The brand pulled the color combination in the U.S. and Canada in 2019 due to its association with the Proud Boys.) Combining tattoos and beards with the clean lines of khakis and Fred Perrys, the Proud Boys blended aspects of skinhead and punk style with a retrograde, preppy look. “It hearkens back to Reaganism and unhinged capitalism pretty broadly,” DeCook says. “They play a lot with time in their aesthetics. They’re trying to project the past into the present or future.”\nThe Proud Boys’ first meeting, in July 2016, reportedly took place at Tommy’s Tavern, a somewhat notorious dive bar in Greenpoint, Brooklyn. Although members would later dispute its penchant for both violence and racism, both were present from the group’s earliest days, according to a 2016 profile of McInnes and the Proud Boys in the local publication Bedford + Bowery, in which McInnes boasted that two members at the first meetup became embroiled in a brawl.\nGavin McInnes at the Metropolitan Republican Club in Manhattan in 2018.\nMcInnes openly referred to the Proud Boys as a “gang” on a 2017 episode of Joe Rogan’s podcast. And though he now claims to have used that word as a joke, it did have many similarities to a gang, such as tiers of initiation rites. The first degree simply involved stating: “I am a Western chauvinist, and I refuse to apologize for creating the modern world.” The second was to withstand a beating while yelling out the names of five breakfast cereals, ostensibly to demonstrate sufficient “adrenaline control.” The third was to get a Proud Boys tattoo, and the fourth was achieved by getting in a violent altercation “for the cause” — bonus points if you got arrested. McInnes came up with the last degree in 2016 after a Proud Boy was arrested for fighting a lefty, leading McInnes to gleefully bring him on the show and proclaim it a requirement for ascension in the ranks. (In an email to Rolling Stone, McInnes claims that Proud Boys were not allowed to “seek out the fourth degree.”)\nDespite this seemingly explicit promotion of violence as part of the Proud Boys’ ethos, the rite that got the most media attention was the group’s no-masturbation pledge. In itself, a far-right group advocating for abstinence from self-pleasure is nothing new; there’s extensive history of white-supremacist groups equating masturbation (and the “Jewish-owned” porn industry) with loss of masculinity, and the hugely popular subreddit NoFap, which traffics in such ideology, had been founded years before.\nBut the person who credits himself with planting the seeds of the No Wanks policy is Nero, the black comic who for some time was known as the “Pope” of the Proud Boys, he says. In 2015 and 2016, Nero frequently appeared on McInnes’ podcast to dispense romantic and life advice, positioning himself as a relationship guru of sorts. At one point early on, Nero says, he told McInnes that he avoided masturbating when he was in a relationship, because it desensitized him from forging an intimate connection with his partner. This piqued McInnes’ interest, inspiring him to incorporate an anti-masturbation stance into his burgeoning Proud Boys ideology.\nLike many former members, Nero insists that the organization was not meant to be taken seriously. “It was a group of guys drinking and hanging out,” he says. At various bars in New York, he’d attend gatherings with McInnes’ acolytes, who would pepper him with questions about their sex lives, or lack thereof. “They were young guys, all kind of intellectualizing their fear of rejection from women. They were blaming women because they weren’t interesting or attractive enough to get any attention,” says Nero. He saw his affiliation with McInnes and the group as an “opportunity to access these viewers. I also thought that I could reach them.” He jumped straight to the third degree, getting a Proud Boys tattoo on his neck.\nNero doesn’t recall the group being violent at the time, but Jenkins says its inclination toward violence began fairly early. His first memory of the Proud Boys was outside a pro-Trump art show he attended in downtown Manhattan in October 2016, hosted by far-right troll Milo Yiannopoulos. They were wearing black-and-yellow Fred Perrys, so “I immediately thought that they were trying to be like what they consider skinheads to be,” he says. At one point, McInnes threw a protester out and kicked his phone at him, smashing it on the street; the crowd erupted into cheers of “USA! USA!,” followed by a series of self-congratulatory fist bumps and handshakes. At that moment, Jenkins says, his view of McInnes and his followers shifted from race-baiting provocateurs to “stone-cold thugs.”\nThough Kyle Chapman was kicked out of the Proud Boys three years ago, he is believed to be jockeying for power.\nBoston Globe via Getty Images\nDonald Trump’s election in 2016 only further emboldened the Proud Boys, providing far-right organizations with license to publicly spout extremist rhetoric. “One of the things you got to understand about the fascist right is that when you’re looking at the Trump years, you’re looking at them seeing the last opportunity” to maintain the popular consumption of far-right ideas, says Jenkins. With an openly racist demagogue in the White House, the Proud Boys sought to capitalize on the conservative backlash against the progressivism brought about by the Obama administration. “If you’re the head of the Proud Boys and you’re looking at these mainstream, right-wing circles, you’re looking at an opportunity,” Jenkins says.\nIn the beginning, the Proud Boys primarily aligned themselves with far-right celebrities like Yiannopoulos, Stone, and Ann Coulter, acting as self-appointed protectors and showing up in force at events where they knew left-wing counterprotesters would appear. After a 2017 talk by Coulter at the University of California, Berkeley, was canceled following outcry from the student body, McInnes called on his “army” of followers to hold a rally on campus. “You fucked up,” he said in a video addressing liberals who protested. “Once again you have created this mythical universe of Nazis on every corner . . . well, we are not allowing that to happen. The show must go on.”\nThe Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, which ended in the death of counterprotester Heather Heyer, was a pivotal moment in terms of how the Proud Boys presented themselves to the media. A few months prior, McInnes had interviewed Jason Kessler, the rally’s organizer, who would later be filmed undergoing initiation for the group’s second degree. “What’s really under attack is if you say, ‘I want to stand up for white people. I want to stand up for Western civilization. I want to stand up for men. I want to stand up for Christians,’ ” Kessler said on McInnes’ show, as McInnes agreed enthusiastically.\nThat June, McInnes issued a statement on the Proud Boys’ website disavowing the rally and discouraging members from attending. “I get that it’s about free speech and we want everyone — even white nationalists — to have that right, but I think it’s coming at a time when we need to distance ourselves from them,” McInnes wrote. Nonetheless, some members of the Proud Boys were present at the rally, including future Proud Boys chairman Tarrio, who told a reporter he attended to protest the removal of Confederate monuments but denied attending the infamous tiki torch march.\nFollowing Charlottesville, McInnes was in something of a bind, says Matthew Valasik, an associate professor at Louisiana State University. “No one wanted to take ownership of it.” Two days after Unite the Right, McInnes brought Kessler on his show to accuse him of using the Proud Boys as a front for recruiting for the alt-right.\nBut the group had already attracted members with white-nationalist bona fides, such as Brien James, a former member of the neo-Nazi group the Outlaw Hammerskins, according to the SPLC, and current head of the Indiana Proud Boys chapter; and Augustus Sol Invictus, the deputy of the group’s now-defunct militia wing, the Fraternal Order of the Alt-Knights (FOAK), who in 2013 slaughtered a goat and drank its blood as part of a pagan sacrifice.\nBy late 2017, the Proud Boys had also established a presence in the Pacific Northwest, particularly Portland, Oregon, in part because it had aligned itself with Patriot Prayer, another far-right organization that similarly positioned itself as a defender of free speech. “There was a lot of switching and intermingling between the two groups, back and forth,” says Luis Marquez, the anti-fascist activist in Portland. The city has long been a “flash point” for simmering tensions between left-wing activists, far-right protesters, and police, says Hampton Stall, a researcher at Militia Watch: “They knew that when they looked for the enemy, they would find the enemy.” The rallies attracted Proud Boys like Nordean, a Washington native who would later be charged in connection with the Capitol uprising.\nThe Proud Boys quickly learned to use footage of these violent skirmishes as a recruiting tool by uploading it on YouTube. Members like FOAK founder Kyle “Based Stickman” Chapman, so dubbed for hitting an anti-fascist protester with a stick at a March 2017 Berkeley protest, became mini celebrities on the far-right when footage went viral; similarly, 2018 footage of Nordean punching a counterprotester at a Portland rally was incorporated into a sizzle reel promoted on the Proud Boys’ Twitter account; the clip received more than a million views. Joe Rogan brought up the violent footage on his podcast, which garners 190 million downloads per month, in the context of critiquing anti-fascists’ fighting skills.\nGuest appearances on Rogan’s podcast were instrumental to the Proud Boys’ growth, says Juliet Jeske, a student at CUNY’s Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism who has been following McInnes since 2016, and has watched and archived all 407 episodes of his show. On it, McInnes frequently bragged about how many new followers he’d acquired with each Rogan appearance, Jeske says. Though episodes featuring McInnes were deleted from Rogan’s catalog when his show moved to Spotify, Rogan has previously defended his decision to have McInnes on, saying, “I had him on before he was even a Proud Boy. I didn’t even know what the fuck the Proud Boys was” (this despite McInnes having referred to the Proud Boys as a “gang” on a Rogan podcast appearance). In a later interview, Rogan called McInnes “mostly fun.” (Rogan did not return a request for comment.)\n“The Proud Boys vocally promoted themselves as violent actors, even in their initiation process,” says one former FBI agent. “It’s unusual for any kind of organization to publicly state its intent to break the law.”\nUsing violence as a public recruitment tactic represented a huge shift from far-right extremist groups in previous years, says Michael German, a Brennan Center for Justice fellow and former FBI agent who went undercover for far-right militia cases. While historically white-nationalist groups had downplayed violence in order to avoid law-enforcement attention, “the Proud Boys came out and vocally promoted themselves as violent actors, even in their initiation process. It’s unusual for any kind of organization to publicly state its intent to break the law,” he says.\nSince many of the Proud Boys were traveling across state lines to attend rallies and openly attack protesters, German assumed that the group “would draw FBI attention immediately.” But across the country, law enforcement appears to have enjoyed something of a cozy relationship with the Proud Boys. In Philadelphia, off-duty police officers were captured on camera mingling with Proud Boys after a rally in support of Vice President Mike Pence; last September, a police officer there was seen shaking hands with a member of the Proud Boys and a group of officers was then seen walking with them to a Walmart parking lot after a rally. (In a statement to Rolling Stone, a spokeswoman said that PPD officers “will be found at most demonstrations, following and flanking the crowds as they travel [to ensure public safety.]” She acknowledged that a PPD lieutenant shook hands with members of the Proud Boys, but said it was aligned with the department’s policy to “engage protesters in a respectful manner that fosters communication.”)\nIn Portland, police would regularly usher Proud Boys in and out of the areas where rallies took place, to the degree that it turned the heads of left-wing activists. Marquez says that one time, after he was arrested at a protest, he saw a police officer ask one of the Proud Boys for a selfie. (A Portland Police Bureau spokesman denied that the Proud Boys received special treatment, adding that he’d never heard of a Portland officer taking a selfie with a Proud Boy. “If anyone wishes to make a complaint, then there is an independent body that does that,” he wrote, linking to the Portland independent police review.)\nA friendly dynamic between groups like the Proud Boys and police is not unusual, says German. “Law enforcement treated violent far-right militant groups at public protests differently than it treated nonviolent anti-racism protesters. The Proud Boys fit in that milieu,” he says. “They would commit violence with law enforcement standing by, and in many cases, [police] appeared to be enabling far-right militant groups to come into their communities to commit violence. Then they’d allow them to leave.”\nThis attitude also apparently extended to the FBI, which — in light of Trump’s election and Attorney General Bill Barr’s directive to fight “antifa” — failed to fully recognize the Proud Boys as a threat. “Historically, the FBI has not prioritized white supremacists and far-right militant violence within its domestic-terrorism program,” says German. The FBI’s stance on the Proud Boys was reflected by the fact that, in 2018, when an internal memo from the sheriff’s office in Clark County, Washington, suggested the FBI considered members of the Proud Boys “an extremist group with ties to white nationalism,” a representative for the FBI made a public statement contradicting the report, stating that “the FBI does not and will not police ideology.”\nThe Proud Boys adopted aggressive tactics to combat any insinuation that they posed a violent threat. Jason Lee Van Dyke, the Proud Boys member who by 2017 had started officially acting as the group’s attorney, says that he set up a Google alert for “Proud Boys” and every morning, when he arrived at the office, he’d send legal threats to news organizations that referred to the group as a “white supremacist” or “white nationalist” group. He boasts that they were able to get a significant amount of corrections and retractions from mainstream news organizations as a result. (Van Dyke would later be expelled from the group for, he claims, accidentally doxxing members. He would later be accused of attempting to join the neo-Nazi group the Base in 2019, a claim he refused to comment on.)\nIt was the organization’s irrefutable bent toward open racism and anti-Semitism that led Nero to ultimately disassociate from the Proud Boys. After joining the Proud Boys’ Facebook page, Nero, saw that it was inundated with racist memes and language, including the n-word. He claims he had no knowledge of any members’ racist leanings prior to this.\nNero confronted McInnes about the racist language on the page. “He seemed as though he was surprised, and that he didn’t know. He said, ‘That’s not what we’re about,’ and blah blah blah,” Nero says. McInnes posted a letter on Facebook discouraging Proud Boys from using such language, but Nero says that after doing a deep-dive into McInnes’ previous podcast episodes, “the reality is he was spewing this stuff out the whole time.” He says he stopped returning McInnes’ calls to go on the podcast, with his last appearance in July 2017. Nero says he has not spoken to McInnes or any other Proud Boys members for years. (McInnes says he was the one who stopped calling Nero, after the latter’s participation in a This American Life exposé of the group in 2017.)\nTo this day, however, Nero is insistent in his belief that the Proud Boys did not start out as an inherently hateful group. He refers to anti-extremism researchers’ categorization of the group as such as “psychobabble. “It was just a joke,” he says. “That’s really all it was.” In his view, the No Wanks philosophy was designed to empower men, aid intimacy, and help them respect themselves and their female partners. But in developing the group’s ideology, “they cut out whatever they wanted . . . and they left what they didn’t need,” he says.\nFollowing McInnes’ October 2018 appearance at the Metropolitan Republican Club, Proud Boys and counterprotesters clashed on the streets of Manhattan.\nSam Costanza/NY Daily News/Getty Images\nIn October 2018, the Metropolitan Republican Club, a conservative club in an Upper East Side brownstone in Manhattan, invited McInnes to speak, promoting him on the organization’s Facebook page as a “godfather of the Hipster movement” who had “exposed the Deep State Socialists and stood up for Western Values.” The city’s left-wing activists were furious, graffitiing the building with anarchist symbols hours before McInnes was scheduled to appear, and leaving a note that said, “The Metropolitan Republican Club chose to invite a hipster-fascist clown to dance for them, content to revel in their treachery against humanity.”\nTrue to form, McInnes took the controversy surrounding the event as an opportunity to troll. He showed up at the club carrying a katana sword and wearing glasses with exaggerated slanted eyes drawn on them, a reference to Otoya Yamaguchi, an extremist who had become a meme on the far-right for assassinating the leader of the Japanese Socialist Party in 1960. McInnes left the club sardonically waving the katana at a crowd of 80 to 100 protesters who had assembled outside. Surveillance footage released by the NYPD shows one of the protesters throwing a bottle at some Proud Boys, prompting a group of them to push him to the ground, punching and kicking him. Two members, Maxwell Hare and John Kinsman, were ultimately convicted in 2019 on charges of attempted gang assault, attempted assault, and rioting.\nAfter the fight at the Metropolitan Republican Club, the Proud Boys “became pariahs overnight. They weren’t attacked; it wasn’t self-defense. It was harder to say, ‘Oh, they’re really a men’s group.’ ”\nThe Proud Boys, Jeske says, “became pariahs overnight,” thanks in large part to footage of the altercation going viral. “They weren’t attacked; it wasn’t self-defense. And it was harder to say, ‘Oh, they’re really a men’s group, they’re not really racist.’ ” The incident left many members scurrying for legal cover, most notably McInnes, who publicly resigned from the group via YouTube a month later. In that video, McInnes positioned his departure as an act of self-sacrifice intended to help his acolytes. “I am told by my legal team and law enforcement that this gesture could help alleviate their sentencing,” he said, adding, “at the very least this will show jurors they are not dealing with a gang and there is no head of operations.” Despite this, McInnes tells Rolling Stone that he still maintains contact with them: “I talk to them. I love them. I still consider them the greatest fraternal organization in the world.”\nThe group’s reluctance to publicly align themselves with Unite the Right did not stop them from later installing rally attendee Tarrio as head of the organization. The Florida state director of Latinos for Trump, Tarrio who is of Cuban descent who grew up with family members who attributed their conservatism to living under Fidel Castro. Despite his criminal record (he was sentenced to a 16-month federal prison term in 2014 for his role in a scheme to resell fraudulent diabetes test kits), and his propensity for using racial, ethnic, and homophobic slurs on social media, Tarrio was ambitious, charismatic, and well-liked within the organization, with the high-gloss patina of Republican-establishment credentials, making him an ideal replacement for the more mercurial McInnes.\nBut there may have been a more important reason why he was installed as leader of the group, says Devin Burghart, executive director of the Institute for Research and Education on Human Rights: As a Miami native of Afro Cuban descent, Burghart says Tarrio “provided cover from charges of racism and was often used as a shield to deflect those charges of bigotry within the organization.” Tarrio was often quick to tout his race to defend the organization to the media, telling reporters, “I’m pretty brown, I’m Cuban. There’s nothing white supremacist about me.”\nAs the group grew, it became increasingly decentralized, with each local chapter adopting its own unique flavor. The Pacific Northwest contingent, for instance, “is obsessed with street fighting, with brass knuckles,” says Stall. “Whereas the Michigan group is increasingly looking like a militia, like they’re showing up with long rifles.” Such fragmentation had the effect of making them seem disorganized and less likely to draw a crowd. “What we’ve seen is a decline in the numbers they’ve been able to draw out,” Effie Baum, the spokeswoman for PopMob, a Portland-based anti-fascist organization, told Rolling Stone in 2019. But this impression was misleading. “The important thing to remember is that they were making plans and organizing for the past four years,” says Jenkins. The coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent anti-lockdown and BLM protests across the country “was their time to shine,” he says.\nIn October 2020, during a presidential debate, Trump gave the Proud Boys even more of a boost. When asked to denounce the Proud Boys, Trump first said he didn’t know who they were, then said, “Proud Boys, stand back and stand by.” The shout-out was the shot in the arm the group needed, taking them from “a fledgling group that was barely holding on” to a far-right organization with the apparent endorsement of the president, says Jeske. The members themselves appeared to agree. “Standing by sir,” Tarrio said on Parler immediately following the debate. “President Trump told the proud boys to stand by because someone needs to deal with ANTIFA . . . well sir! we’re ready!!” Biggs wrote.\nFollowing Trump’s loss in November 2020, the Proud Boys started ramping up their rhetoric. After attending Stop the Steal rallies in November and December, according to an FBI filing, Tarrio began encouraging followers on Parler to attend the January 6th rally in D.C., posting that the Proud Boys would “turn out in record numbers” but go incognito, eschewing their trademark colors; he also posted a meme of men in black-and-yellow engulfed in fire, captioning it “Lords of War.”\nTarrio was arrested on January 4th on an outstanding warrant for burning a Black Lives Matter banner in front of a D.C. church last December. An FBI agent later said that Tarrio was arrested because they had intercepted information he was planning to incite violence at the rally, a claim Tarrio dismisses as “complete and total hogwash.” (He has pleaded not guilty to all charges, despite admitting to burning the banner on his podcast in December.) Tarrio maintains that the posts on Parler were intended to fool the media and left-wing counterprotesters.\nDespite Tarrio’s protestations, however, charging documents for the individual defendants paint a picture of an initiative that was, if not well-orchestrated, earnest in its attempt to cause genuine chaos. On December 27th, 2020, according to an FBI affidavit, Nordean posted this on his Parler page: “Anyone looking to help us with safety/protective gear, or communications equipment it would be much appreciated, things have gotten more dangerous for us this past year, anything helps,” linking to a fundraising page.\nOn January 4th, according to the same affidavit, Nordean posted a video on Parler of himself in tactical gear, with the caption, “Let them remember the day they decided to make war with us.” That same day, in an episode of his video podcast Radio Talk With Rufio, he appears to more explicitly allude to the organization’s future plans when talking about fighting what he viewed as rampant voter fraud: “I think they’re relying on complacency. I think they’re relying on the Facebook posts, and that’s all we’re going to do,” Nordean said of the government, declaring that the Proud Boys would “bring back that original spirit of 1776 of what really established the character of what America is.”\n“Democracy is dead?” he later asks. “Well, then no peace for you. No democracy, no peace.”\nSince the events of January 6th, more than a dozen Proud Boy members and associates have been arrested and charged for their alleged roles in the insurrection. But it wasn’t the FBI investigation that had the most impact on the group, so much as the revelation, reported by Reuters, that Tarrio had served as an FBI informant following his 2013 arrest. In an interview with Rolling Stone, Tarrio attempted to spin his involvement with the FBI by claiming he named someone involved in a smuggling ring to save family members from jail time. But within the group’s ranks, the efforts to disassociate from Tarrio — and, by extension, the formal Proud Boys organization — were swift.\n“We do not recognize the assumed authority of any national Proud Boy leadership including the Chairman, the Elders, or any subsequent governing body that is formed to replace them until such a time we may choose to consent to join those bodies of government,” a number of state Proud Boys chapters, including Indiana, Oklahoma, and Alabama, posted on Telegram. In March, Joe Biggs’ lawyer wrote in a court filing that Biggs himself, known as the flashy enforcer of the group, had contact with the FBI in 2019 and 2020, which was “intended both to inform law enforcement about Proud Boy activities in Portland on a courtesy basis but also to ask for advice on planned marches or demonstrations.” (The FBI declined to comment on any ongoing investigations.)\nReports of Biggs’ work with the FBI had confirmed anti-extremism experts’ suspicions that law enforcement had largely ignored the Proud Boys’ activities or even implicitly supported them. “The sheer level of what they’ve been able to get away with over the past four years is staggering,” says Burghart. “And it’s in large part because they’ve been able to cultivate that relationship with some in law enforcement and some in the GOP.”\nAs more information emerges about the FBI’s treatment of the Proud Boys, it seems increasingly probable that their attack on the Capitol could have been prevented, despite the claims of some FBI officials. In congressional testimony following the insurrection, for instance, FBI official Jill Sanborn alleged that because of First Amendment protections, the agency did not have the right to track the public social media posts made by right-wing organizations in advance of the January 6th attack, a claim German, the former FBI agent, finds laughable.\n“The FBI and Justice Department prosecutors seem to be trying to present the January 6th attack as spontaneous and original, rather than recognizing it was the culmination of many different violent attacks across the country,” he says, citing stabbings and the arrest of 33 protesters and counterprotesters in D.C. a mere month before. “As long as their violence was targeted at antifa, law enforcement was OK with it. It was only when it turned around and they attacked law enforcement that law enforcement took notice.”\nWithin the ranks of the Proud Boys, the arrests have arguably served to further fray the ties between factions of the group, as well as carve out space for more extremist members to try to take the reins over its future direction. “We’re at a point where there is some kind of entropy,” says researcher Reid Ross. “There’s a lot of coalitions breaking apart. That will lead to new sympathies down the road, but also the more populist members falling away and deradicalizing. In some cases it will lead to more intense radicalization and the desire to act in more extreme ways.”\nOne potential challenger is Chapman, the former head of FOAK known as Based Stickman. Though Tarrio says Chapman was kicked out three years ago, he attempted to gain control of the group in the fall of 2020 and steer the Proud Boys toward more open extremism, announcing, “We will no longer cuck to the left by appointing token negroes as our leaders. We will no longer allow homosexuals or other ‘undesirables’ into our ranks. We will confront the Zionist criminals who wish to destroy our civilization. We recognize that the West was built by the White Race alone and we owe nothing to any other race.”\nBrien James, the former neo-Nazi who is currently the head of the Proud Boys’ Indiana chapter, also appears to be angling for some form of leadership position within the organization. “We all have this speculation Brien James is simply trying to take over,” says Jenkins. “It may not be under the Proud Boys banner, but he’s definitely going to make use of the momentum that the Proud Boys had.”\nOn his own Telegram channel, James appears to be actively stoking resentment toward current Proud Boys leadership. “What else do you think these guys are willing to do to avoid the consequences of their own actions?” he wrote in one post about Tarrio, Biggs, and Nordean, the latter of whom he said had submitted Telegram chat logs as part of his defense. “What did their leader do when he got himself in trouble a few years ago?” he added, apparently referring to McInnes’ resignation after the Metropolitan Republican Club incident. “Get the fuck away from these people. Don’t communicate with them. . . . Run for the fucking hills.”\nIn general, as exiles from far-right pro-Trump movements flock to alternative social platforms like Parler and Telegram, anti-extremism researchers are concerned about cross-pollination, particularly the Proud Boys’ attempts to recruit other disillusioned Trump acolytes with a range of far-right ideological leanings. “They’re looking for a potential new well of recruits coming out of the activities of QAnon,” says Burghart, referring to the far-right conspiracy theory positing the existence of a secret left-wing child-trafficking ring. The vacuum left by the anonymous poster Q, who has been silent since the insurrection, “can easily be filled with ideas around the importance of creating a white ethno-state or racial superiority.”\nBut even though experts say the federal charges may result in many members of the group turning on each other, those who have watched the havoc that the Proud Boys have wrought over the years warn that it would be a mistake to discount them now. “Right-wing extremism is still a threat in this country,” says Jenkins. “We have to recognize it for what it is. If we do not, we’re here again.”\nAcross the country, members of the Proud Boys are still openly rallying. In April, a Fresno, California, police officer was ousted from the force after he was spotted at a protest with Proud Boys; more than two months after the attack on the Capitol, the Proud Boys and other Trump supporters were reportedly involved in a skirmish with anti-fascist counterprotesters outside the Oregon state capitol. And in May, Nevada’s Clark County GOP canceled a meeting following leaders’ concerns about a potential right-wing insurgency that included the Proud Boys.\nThis is, effectively, the Proud Boys’ plan for the future, as Tarrio openly admits to Rolling Stone: Rather than retreating from the public eye in light of the organization’s legal issues and reputation for violence, he plans to steer it more toward mainstream politics by running members, including possibly himself, for local office. “There’s a pretty big percentage of people who think like us,” he says, citing the warm reception he and the Proud Boys get from local GOP leaders. “I think we need representation.” Despite the organization’s recent infighting, he says that he, and the Proud Boys, will “be here through fucking sleet or snow.”\nMarquez says that for weeks prior to the attempted insurrection, he had watched on Telegram as the Proud Boys had hyped up one another, saying they were going to show up in D.C. and defend the president and overturn the vote. “It’s amazing to me that people would think that they were lying,” he says. Throughout their history, the Proud Boys have “done everything that they said they were going to do. They had shown up for weeks before, prior to January 6th, having open brawls in the street. The intent was clear. So why would you disbelieve them?”\nEditor’s Note: The article has been updated to include the most current federal charges against Ethan Nordean. The original criminal complaint against him alleged “violent entry and disorderly conduct on capitol grounds,” however the indictment against Mr. Nordean does not include that charge, but lists additional charges including “destruction of government property and aiding and abetting. The language around his alleged actions on January 6th has also been updated to quote directly from a court filing and to note that this allegation was made at a preliminary point in the prosecution’s case.\nIn This Article: January 6th,\tlong reads,\tproud boys,\tWhite Supremacist\nDoja Cat DGAF If You Read This*\n*Or, at least, that's what she wants you to think\nHe Used Plastic Surgery to Raise Rock Stars From the Dead\nMitski Had to Quit Music to Love It\nAfrobeats Is Making the World Listen","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1525140"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.6498201489448547,"wiki_prob":0.35017985105514526,"text":"International Trade Data Reveals Global Impact of iPhone 6 [CHARTS]\nby István Fekete – Thu, November 6, 2014\nWe know that the iPhone has a measurable impact on the US GDP, as highlighted by a JP Morgan Chase economist, and we have already seen reports confirming that the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus launch was a huge success.\nQuartz went as far as putting together a few charts reflecting the global impact of the iPhone launch based on international trade data. As both Apple and reports from all around the globe have revealed, the demand for the iPhone 6 is huge, and that obviously pushed up shipping numbers worldwide, given the fact that these devices need to be shipped from China.\nApple’s biggest market, the US, saw its trade goods deficit with China hit an all-time low when the iPhone 6 launched, driven by huge imports of iPhone units.\nLooking at the data from Japan, we find that the iPhone 6 launch was a success, with cellphone imports from China setting a new record, surpassing the previous record set by the release of the iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c.\nTaiwan also registered record orders for information and communication devices in September this year, a jump mainly attributed to the launch of “international brand-name mobile devices that led to the significant increase of orders,” the country’s Ministry of Economic Affairs said.\nSwitchEasy ‘AirMask’ is the World’s First 3D Shell For iPhone 6 and 6 Plus\nThu, November 6, 2014","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1580527"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.5489192008972168,"wiki_prob":0.4510807991027832,"text":"My Hidden Wife is Sweet\nChapter 1213 - You Should Stay With Me Now\nChapter 1213: You Should Stay With Me Now\n“Oh yes, Fu Shiyi’s picture in the room…”\nGu Weiwei looked at him and hesitated.\nShe had just woken up and found that the picture was gone. When she went to make the tea, she found that it was by the dustbin in the kitchen.\nNo one in the family would do such a thing.\n“I threw it away,” Fu Hanzheng said calmly.\n“Fu Shiyi wants it to stay here so Youyou and Tiantian can remember him more and not forget about him,” Gu Weiwei said helplessly. Before Fu Shiyi left, he reminded her repeatedly not to ask his brother to throw away the pictures.\nBut his brother had tossed it away the moment he returned.\nForget it, he had already left and he should not know about it.\nEven if he knew, he should go to his brother. That was not something she could stop.\n“There is still one hour before dinner, what do you want to do?” Fu Hanzheng brushed her hair and asked.\nGu Weiwei looked outside. “I want to take a walk.”\nIt had been more than ten days since she came back from the hospital.\nFu Hanzheng shook his head. “The wind is strong by the sea and you have just been discharged. You can’t go.”\nGu Weiwei sighed helplessly. Although she also wanted to go out, she had to give up the idea in order to get better as soon as possible.\n“Get back to work, I need to keep the children company.”\n“You have been with them all day, you should be with me now.” Fu Hanzheng protested.\n“I spent the entire night with you.” Gu Weiwei teased.\nFu Hanzheng took hold of her shoulders and asked with a low voice, “What, do you have a problem with me stopping you from taking care of them at night?”\n“Of course not.” Gu Weiwei snorted.\nShe knew that he was doing this for her own good.\nFu Hanzheng knew that she was joking, but he still said.\n“We still have a lot of time to spend with the children in the future, no need to be in such a hurry. What is important now is to take good care of your body, so that you can spend more time with them when you’re healthy.”\n“Got it, you have said it many times, I will remember it,” Gu Weiwei said helplessly.\nIf she had known about this, she would not have compromised with his request.\n“You have, but you never obey,” Fu Hanzheng said.\nIt was rare for her to obey him.\nGu Weiwei laughed dryly, guiltily. She might obey in other things, but as a mother, she just could not control herself when it came to her children.\nFu Hanzheng took her into his arms and whispered, “It seems that the Dorrans Family is in a strange situation these days.”\nThe Fu Family had always been paying close attention to the Gu Family’s information and they had recently discovered that Gu Siting and Will, who had betrayed the Dorrans Family, were in contact.\nWhat this meant, he could think of it, and so could Cayman Dorrans.\nHowever, he had never met Cayman Dorrans and she had never mentioned this person to him.\nHe only knew that Cayman Dorrans met her at Chenis Castle the day the wedding was cancelled. He was not sure if they had contacted each other after that.\nBut he knew how much danger Cayman Dorrans was in.\nGu Weiwei stayed silent for a while and said, “Yes, Yuan Meng told me about it.”\n“What do you want to do?” Fu Hanzheng asked.\nAfter all, he was her biological father whom she had been seeking for years. Now, they had not contacted each other directly, probably because they were worried about her conflict with the Fu Family.\nBut if she really ignored everything Cayman Dorrans faced and something happened in the future, she would regret it for the rest of her life.\nAnd he did not want her to have such a regret.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line380033"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.6013591289520264,"wiki_prob":0.6013591289520264,"text":"Archbishop Desmond Tutu, who helped end South Africa's apartheid, dies at 90\nPublished December 27, 2021 at 5:05 AM EST\nA MARTINEZ, HOST:\nA week of memorial events in South Africa are paying tribute to the late Archbishop Desmond Tutu. The Nobel Peace Prize winner died this weekend at the age of 90. He helped bring an end to apartheid in South Africa. And when he had the opportunity to vote in the country's first democratic elections in 1994, this is how he described that feeling.\nDESMOND TUTU: I want to sing. I want to cry. I want to laugh - everything together - and jump and dance. And we just want to say to our friends out there, you've been fantastic in supporting us, and the day has arrived. Yippee (laughter).\nMARTINEZ: The Anglican archbishop of Cape Town would go on to head the country's Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and he also became a powerful force for nonviolence beyond South Africa's borders. Reverend Michael Battle knew him well. He's the director of the Desmond Tutu Center at General Theological Seminary in New York. Reverend Battle, welcome to the show.\nMICHAEL BATTLE: Thank you, A, for having me.\nMARTINEZ: Tell us about your relationship with him.\nBATTLE: Well, when I was writing my Ph.D. dissertation, I had the epiphany to write it on his theology. And I went down and met him with my hat in my hand. The first thing he said was, let us pray. And when he did that, he made me realize this wasn't just academic work. This is a vocation that I'd have for the rest of my life.\nMARTINEZ: And it sounds like that put you at ease.\nBATTLE: Oh, yeah. Just - as you just heard, he's this charismatic, inviting person. He makes you - he disarms the negative around you and makes you open to what's good.\nMARTINEZ: You know, I think when someone passes away, you spend that first few moments or that first day thinking about the one thing that reminds you the most about them. So I'm wondering, for you, what's the one thing you're remembering right now the most about Desmond Tutu?\nBATTLE: I just think, you know, as a clergyperson myself, the church hasn't had very many positive examples of those who represent the church that are part of the solution. And as you just heard, you know, he is - he was a part of so many different issues that are affecting the world negatively, and he's shown how a church leader can be somebody so profound that things change around him.\nMARTINEZ: What's the best way to tell us the ways his spirituality influenced that activism, what he was doing?\nBATTLE: Well, I think one of the key things for him was that you have to understand what it means to be human. And he's famous for this concept called ubuntu, which means I am because you are, and because you are, I am. And he understood that just - not just for those that - people that he loved, but he understood that about his enemies, that his enemies are also a part of his identity. And I think Tutu is going to be well-known for that concept of ubuntu and his spirituality. He's going to be well-known for chairing the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, giving the distinction between retributive justice and restorative justice. He's going to be well-known for ecumenism, or inter-religious dialogue, as one of his best friends was His Holiness the Dalai Lama. There's just so many things, I think, that are so profound about the arch.\nMARTINEZ: And I want to touch on what you just said in terms of how he treated his enemies because it - I think that's a really interesting way to gauge the worth and the measure of a person. How do they treat the people that maybe don't love them back?\nBATTLE: Yeah. Well, you know, apartheid really is a religious worldview. It was a worldview that those who were from the Afrikaner ethnicity understood God was on their side. And so Tutu's brilliance and his genius was to tap into the core of spirituality, that God is not against anyone. And he helped to argue against apartheid spirituality and to get them to see, especially through ubuntu, that they cannot be sufficient human beings without those who - that he - they consider their enemies, as well.\nMARTINEZ: What does his passing mean to his church and to religion as a whole?\nBATTLE: I think in our contemporary days in which religion is used as echo chambers, used in terms of beating people over the head, we're really going to miss those kinds of voices and the public that show religion as a balm in Gilead. That's a term in the Bible as this healing force. And so I just pray that people will step up in the legacy of Archbishop Tutu to show religion as a healing factor in the world.\nMARTINEZ: That's Reverend Michael Battle. He's the author of the book \"Desmond Tutu: A Spiritual Biography Of South Africa's Confessor.\" Reverend, thank you.\nBATTLE: Thank you. It was an honor. Thank you being with - for let me being with you. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line10637"}
{"pred_label":"__label__cc","pred_label_prob":0.7243416905403137,"wiki_prob":0.2756583094596863,"text":"Glen Murray: Less Washed Up Than You Might Think\nBy Jonathan Willis Jul 23, 2008, 4:15pm MDT\nShare All sharing options for: Glen Murray: Less Washed Up Than You Might Think\nThis is Glen Murray, when he \"played\" for the Los Angeles Kings (he showed up every other season). Going by his opponents (Smith/Marchant) this must have been during one of his good years.\nI've always disliked Glen Murray. I have to admit that I haven't watched him much as a player, although I hear he makes Marty Reasoner's skating look like Pavel Bure's. I had a social studies teacher in school who played hockey with Murray prior to his OHL days, and one time he told used Murray as an example of arrogance and told an anecdote that I've since forgotten.\nIn any case, TSN reports that the Boston Bruins have put Murray on waivers, likely to fit in Dennis Wideman's new contract. Now the Oilers are fairly strong on right wing, so I doubt that Murray's a player of interest to them, but he just might be to the Canucks, particularly if Boston ends up buying him out.\nIn 2007-08, Murray declined in points for the 4th consecutive season, and scored fewer goals than he had for 8 seasons prior. There are a few caveats worth noting about him, however:\n1) Only six teams scored fewer goals, 5-on-5, than Boston.\n2) According to Behind the Net, Murray was lining up against first-line opposition.\nThe second point is the most interesting to me. While Boston is a defensively sound team, and Murray played with nice linemates, he had a 1.87 GAON/60, which at the very least shows that he bought into the system. With that in mind, it perhaps shouldn't be surprising that a 35-year old forward with foot-speed issues had a rather ugly 1.31 PTS/60.\nA more damning indictment of Murray is the fact that he put up only 2.67 PTS/60 on the powerplay, second-unit numbers at best. Despite this, he was scoring 1.60 goals/60, and the powerplay was functioning just fine when he was on the ice, so perhaps it isn't all bad news.\nWith all of this in mind, and especially remembering how Murray tends to follow up bad seasons with good ones (and vice versa) I think Murray would be a good bet for a team trying to reach the salary floor and short of forwards (Los Angeles), or if bought out, for a team desperately trying to cobble together some offense (Vancouver), especially if signed to a one year deal.\nHe should be, however, of no interest to Edmonton.","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line371694"}
{"pred_label":"__label__wiki","pred_label_prob":0.9790594577789307,"wiki_prob":0.9790594577789307,"text":"Follow News > Celebrities > Biographies > Lindsey Stirling Net Worth – AGT Loser Making More Money than Winners\nBiographiesCelebritiesEntertainment\nLindsey Stirling Net Worth – AGT Loser Making More Money than Winners\nPosted by by David September 5, 2020\nLast Updated:September 12, 2020\n13 Sexy Photos Of The Ravishing Jeri Ryan\nReal Name: Lindsey Stirling\nBirthday: September 21, 1986\nOccupation: American Violinist, Singer, Songwriter, Dancer\nUsually, the big winners earn the most money. But that is not the case with Lindsey Stirling. She made it only to the quarterfinals of Season 5 of America’s Got Talent. Yet, she is the second richest participant in the show behind only Terry Fator. Lindsey is a hip hop violinist and dancer.\nAn American violinist and songwriter, she choreographed violin performances live and in music videos. She performs a variety of music styles. During AGT, most fans saw her perform hip hop music on her violin. But she also performs pop, rock, and electronic dance music. Stirling’s discography contains her original work, but also covers of popular songs.\nIn 2012, her music video Crystalize finished in the top 10 most-watched videos of the year. The next year, her cover version of Radioactive helped her win an award at YouTube Music Awards. By August 2014 Lindsey achieved one million singles sold. In 2015, Forbes listed her in the 30 Under 30 in Music.\nAs of August 2020, Lindsey Stirling’s fortune is more than $15 million. Let’s take a look at her career path.\nCareer Ups and Downs\nBorn as a middle child of three daughters, Lindsey got raised in a modest household. She had a humble childhood. Her parents could afford a violin teacher with only half lessons. She practiced with a teacher only 15 minutes per week. Her teacher advised the parents a kid cannot learn to play in 15 minutes. But her parents persisted.\nAt the age of five, Lindsey began taking violin lessons. She attended Greenfield Junior High. At the age of 16, during her days at Mesquite High School, Stirling formed a rock band with four other friends. She wrote a solo violin rock song for the band. Thanks to the song, she won the Junior Miss Arizona and Spirit Award in America’s Junior Miss Finals competition.\nLindsey registered her YouTube channel on May 20, 2007. That was three years before entering America’s Got Talent. In 2010, at the age of 23, she entered AGT. Lindsey made it to the quarterfinals of Season Five as a hip hop violinist. Lindsey impressed everyone with her ability to mix music styles and incorporate dance movements while playing the violin.\nIn the quarterfinals, judges told her she is not good enough to play the violin and dance at the same time. One judge recommended her to join a band saying she can’t fill a Vegas theater on her own.\nYet shortly after her AGT performance, cinematographer Devin Graham contacted her for collaboration. They shot a music video for her song Spontaneous Me. The video increased her popularity so she began making videos on YouTube. As of August 2020, her channel has more than 12 million subscribers.\nOne of the reasons Lindsey is successful is her willingness to experiment with styles. She combines violin playing with hip hop and dubstep. She also collaborates with other artists like Amy Lee, Shaun Barrows, Jake Bruene, Peter Hollens, and more.\nIn December 2012, her song Crystalize made it to Top 10 most-viewed videos for the year on YouTube. The next year, she signed a deal with Troy Carter, Lady Gaga’s manager. In 2013, she also earned golden certification for her album Lindsey Stirling in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. In November 2013, her version of Radioactive won a YouTube Music Award for Response of the Year. She also performed during the live-streamed event.\nBy the end of 2013, Lindsey announced her 2014 World Tour. The first tour dates were in Canada and the US. She sold out concerts instantly.\nIn the spring of 2014, Lindsey announced her second studio album, Shatter Me. She released it in May and created a PledgeMusic account for fans to buy her new album. Lindsey also sold exclusive items like signed posters, Skype calls, and personalized video.\nOn May 13, 2014, she performed in San Diego, which was the first show of her second world tour. The tour stopped in 77 places, 48 in North America and 29 in Europe. In the summer of 2014, she took part in two collaborations. The first one was with an a cappella group, Pentatonix. She also collaborated with Jessie J for her upcoming album Sweet Talker. Lindsey also joined Andrea Bocelli on his UK tour.\nIn January 2015, Forbes put Stirling on the magazine’s 30 Under 30 list. Lindsey was one of the few musicians making the list. In the same month, Billboard announced her first two albums reached Number 1 and 2 on the best-selling dance albums in 2014.\nBy the summer of 2015, Lindsey announced she will focus on her third album after the current world tour. And then in December 2015, Lindsey made it to the Billboard Hot 100 for the first time with Hallelujah. The song debuted at Number 81 and then peaked at Number 1 on the Hot Christian Songs Chart.\nIn June 2015, she announced the completion of her autobiography. The violinist player released the book in January 2016. It made it to the New York Times Top 10 hardcover nonfiction best-seller list.\nBy the summer of 2016, Lindsey released her third album, Brave Enough. In 2017, Stirling joined Season 25 of Dancing with the Stars. Lindsey and her partner Mark Ballas finished in second place.\nIn June 2019, Lindsey released her new single Underground. With the music video, she announced her new album, Artemis. Stirling released the album in September. But she canceled the tour for the album due to the Covid-19 pandemic.\nAt the beginning of 2020, Lindsey announced her new project, a weekly podcast. The show goes on every Friday. Titled String Sessions, it will feature music artists. And it will start with a string cover of a song by the featured artist.\nDuring her career, Lindsey won a couple of awards. Not bad for a quarterfinals participant in America’s Got Talent. She won her first award in 2013, a Response of the Year by YouTube Music Awards. Lindsey won a top dance/electronic album by Billboard Music Awards in 2015 for Shatter Me. Her debut album, Lindsey Stirling, earned only a nomination by Billboard Awards.\nThe popular violinist has two Teen Choice Awards in her pocket. She won Best Choreography in 2013 and Best Musical Artist in 2014.\nLindsey Stirling is one of the richest America’s Got Talent participants. How much is Lindsey Stirling’s cash flow? Well, as of August 2020, her fortune is over $15 million. That puts her in second place, right behind Terry Fator. Her debut album sold more than 200,000 copies in Germany alone. She earned platinum certifications in Austria, Germany, Poland, and Switzerland.\nSo far, Lindsey released four studio albums, Lindsey Stirling, Shatter Me, Brave Enough, and Artemis. And she sold more than 1 million copies by 2014 alone with just two albums. With more albums, she sells millions of copies per year now.\nLindsey also earns money from her YouTube account. As of August 2020, she has more than 12 million subscribers. And in total, she amassed more than 3 billion views.\nA major source of her income comes from tours. Her first tour lasted almost a year with 122 dates in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. She spent most of 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 touring around the world. In 2017, she had her Warmer in the Winter Tour.\nAnd in 2018, she joined Evanescence for the group’s Synthesis tour. A full orchestra accompanied them as well.\nWith all that in mind, it is no surprise that Lindsey Stirling’s wealth is more than $15 million. Her YouTube channel brings in more than $4,000 per day. That is almost $1.5 million per year from ads alone.\nDavid September 5, 2020\nPrevious Article Vanessa Villanueva -Net Worth, Early Life, Ex-Husband Chris Perez And Career\nNext Article Pouya – Net Worth and Career Ups and Downs","source":"cc/2022-05/en_head_0001.json.gz/line1068592"}