The  is a hybrid electric vehicle that is manufactured and marketed by Honda. Its first generation was a two-door, two passenger liftback (1999–2006) and in its second generation was a four-door, five passenger liftback (2009–2014). In its third generation, it became a four-door sedan (2018–2022). It was Honda's first model with Integrated Motor Assist system and the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability — for the length of its production run.

Honda introduced the second-generation Insight in Japan in February 2009 and in the United States on March 24, 2009. The Insight was the least expensive hybrid available in the US.
In December 2010, Honda introduced a less expensive base model for the 2011 model year. The Insight was launched in April 2009 in the UK as the lowest priced hybrid on the market and became the best selling hybrid for the month.

The Insight ranked as the top-selling vehicle in Japan for the month of April 2009, a first for a hybrid model. During its first twelve months after first available in the Japanese market, the second-generation Insight sold 143,015 units around the world. In July 2014, Honda announced the end of production of the Insight for the 2015 model, together with the Honda FCX Clarity hydrogen fuel-cell car and the Honda Fit EV electric car.

At the 2018 North American International Auto Show, Honda announced the third-generation Honda Insight prototype, based on the tenth-generation Honda Civic sedan. Unlike the previous Insight, it was a traditional sedan, not a five-door liftback. The third-generation Insight went on sale later that year.

In April 2022, Honda announced that the Insight would be discontinued after the 2022 model year, with production ending in June. It will be replaced by a new Civic Hybrid.

First generation (ZE1; 1999)

History
Based on the Honda J-VX concept car unveiled at the 1997 Tokyo Motor Show, the Insight was introduced in Japan in November 1999 as the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system. In the following month, December 1999, the Insight became the first hybrid available in North America, followed seven months later by the Toyota Prius.

The Insight featured optimized aerodynamics and a lightweight aluminum structure to maximize fuel efficiency and minimize emissions. Until 2015, the first generation Insight ranks as the most fuel-efficient United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certified gasoline-fueled vehicle, with a highway rating of  and combined city/highway rating of .

Design

The Honda Insight is a subcompact liftback  in length with a wheelbase of  a height of  and a width of . The first-generation Insight was manufactured as a two-seater, launching in a single trim level with a manual transmission and optional air conditioning. In the second year of production two trim levels were available: manual transmission with air conditioning, and continuously variable transmission (CVT) with air conditioning. The only major change during its life span was the introduction of a trunk-mounted, front-controlled, multiple-disc CD changer.

In addition to its hybrid drive system, the Insight was small, light and streamlined — with a drag-coefficient of 0.25. At the time of production, it was the most aerodynamic production car to be built.

Technology

The gasoline engine is a , 1.0-liter, ECA series 3-cylinder unit providing lean burn operation with an air-to-fuel ratio that can reach 25.8 to 1. The engine uses lightweight aluminum, magnesium, and plastic to minimize weight. The electrical motor assist adds another  (at 3000 rpm) and a maximum of 36 pound-feet (49 Nm) of torque when called on, resulting in  at 5700 rpm and  of torque at 2000 rpm, with the aim to boost performance to the level of a typical 1.5 L gasoline engine. It also acts as a generator during deceleration and braking to recharge the vehicle's batteries, and as the Insight's starter motor. (This improves fuel efficiency and extends the lifetime and fade resistance of the brakes, without adding unsprung weight). When the car is not moving, for example at a stop light, the engine shuts off. Power steering is electric, reducing accessory drag.

The Insight uses the first generation of Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid technology. (The next generation, used in the Honda Civic Hybrid, is much more space-efficient.) The Insight's electric assist is an ultrathin 60 mm (about 2.4 inches) brushless 10-kW electric motor located on the crankshaft. Located behind the seats are a series of 120 commercial grade "D" sized 1.2 V NiMH batteries wired to provide a nominal 144 V DC and a capacity of 6.5 AH. During heavy acceleration, the NiMH batteries drive the electric motor, providing additional power; during deceleration, the motor acts as a generator and recharges the batteries using a process called regenerative braking. A computer control module regulates how much power comes from the internal combustion engine, and how much from the electric motor; in the CVT variant, it also finds the optimal gear ratio. The digital displays on the dashboard display fuel consumption instantaneously. On the manual transmission up and down arrows suggest when to shift gears. Dashboard gauges monitor the current battery status, instantaneous fuel consumption, and mode of the electric motor — standby, engine assist or charging the batteries. High pressure ( / ), low rolling resistance tires and the use of low viscosity "0W-20" synthetic oil enhance fuel economy.

The original Insight had a conventional manual transmission. Starting with the 2001 model, a CVT variant of the Insight was available; the CVT is similar to that used in the Honda Civic Hybrid and the Honda Logo. A traditional transmission shifts between a fixed set of engine-to-wheel ratios; however, a CVT allows for an infinite set of ratios between its lowest gear and its highest. A feature shared by the two hybrids (and now appearing in others) is the ability to automatically turn off the engine when the vehicle is at a stop (and restart it upon movement). Since it is more powerful than most starters of conventional cars, the Insight's electric motor can start the engine nearly instantaneously. The Integrated Motor Assist is run by an "Intelligent Power Unit (IPU)", a desktop computer-sized box. The Intelligent Power Unit, the Power control Unit, the Electronic Control Unit, the vehicle's batteries, DC-to-DC converter and a high-voltage inverter are all located under the cargo floor of the vehicle, behind the seats.

Honda increased the vehicle's fuel efficiency using aluminum and plastic extensively to reduce the vehicle's weight. The basic structure is a new, lightweight aluminum monocoque, reinforced in key areas with aluminum extrusions joined at cast aluminum lugs. Stamped aluminum panels are welded onto this structure to form an extremely light and rigid platform for the drivetrain and suspension. The Insight has a body weight less than half that of the contemporary Civic 3-door, with increased torsional rigidity by 38% and bending rigidity by 13%. Honda built the Insight with aluminum front brake calipers and rear brake drums, and with a largely aluminum suspension, in addition to standard aluminum wheels; reducing the ratio of un-sprung to sprung weight as well as the total weight. The fuel tank is plastic; the engine mounts are aluminum; and the exhaust is a small, thin wall pipe. Its compact spare is also aluminum. The Insight weighed  in manual transmission form without air conditioning,  with manual transmission and air conditioning, or  with CVT and air conditioning.

The Insight has a coefficient of drag of 0.25. The absence of a rear seat allows the body to taper just behind the driver and the rear track is 110 mm (approximately 4.3 inches) narrower than the front track.

The CVT-equipped Insight is classified as a super-low emissions vehicle. The Insight features low emissions: the California Air Resources Board gave the 5-speed model a ULEV rating, and the CVT model earned a SULEV rating – the 5-speed model's lean-burn ability traded increased efficiency for slightly higher NOx emissions.

Manufacturing
The Insight was assembled at the Honda factory in Suzuka, Japan, where the Honda NSX and the Honda S2000 were also assembled. The Insight and the NSX are aluminum-bodied, while the S2000 employs a steel body with aluminum hood.

At the 2003 Tokyo Motor Show, Honda introduced the concept car Honda IMAS, an extremely fuel-efficient and lightweight hybrid car made of aluminum and carbon fiber, which was perceived by most observers to be the future direction where the Insight was heading.

With its aluminum body and frame, the Insight was an expensive car to produce and was never designed for high-volume sales. Instead, it was designed to be a real world test car for hybrid technology and a gauge to new consumer driving habits. With an aerodynamic fuel-saving shape similar to its predecessor, the Honda CR-X, and some unconventional body colors it was a bit more than mainstream car buyers could handle, preferring more conservative styles. Production halted announced in May 2006, with plans announced to replace Insight with a new hybrid car, smaller than the eighth generation Civic, but not earlier than in 2009. Ahead of this announcement, Honda stopped selling Insight in the UK, for example, as early as December 2005.

To fill the market niche void, in 2002 Honda rolled out a hybrid version of the Honda Civic – Honda Civic Hybrid, followed by Toyota's redesign of the Prius in 2003 as a 2004 model.

Sales
Honda had originally planned to sell 6,500 first generation Insights each year of production, but in the end achieved total global cumulative sales of 17,020 units over 7 years, split geographically as follows:

US market
The Insight was the first mass-produced hybrid automobile sold in the United States, achieving  per its then current United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) highway rating. Other hybrids soon followed, with the Toyota Prius arriving in June 2000.

Fuel efficiency
The first generation Insight was the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability for the length of its production run and up until December 2015, when it was surpassed by the 2016 Toyota Prius Eco. The Insight earned an EPA fuel economy estimate of  in highway driving,  city. With air conditioning it was  and . With a CVT it was /.

The EPA changed the way it estimated fuel economy starting with the 2008 model year.  The revised fuel economy ratings for the 2000 Insight with manual shift 5-speed under the updated testing are  in highway driving,  city, and  combined city/highway.

Insight owners who are "hypermilers" compete to achieve maximum travel distance with each refueling. Upon the Insight's release, Honda challenged several automotive magazines to a competition to see who could obtain the best fuel efficiency on the  drive from Columbus, Ohio to Detroit. The contest was won by Car and Driver magazine, which rigged a box behind a Ford Excursion, and had the Insight drive within the confines of the box. With much less wind resistance, the Insight made the trip with a fuel consumption of , while averaging . A two-year test of an Insight with air conditioning, driven , averaged . The New York Times noted that "[if] you drive the car badly, you will get bad mileage."

In the EU fuel economy tests, the Insight achieved a combined efficiency figure  with an Extra-Urban figure of  and Urban figure of .) This remains unbeaten in the UK market for a gasoline car. The Insight has an official  emissions figure of 80 g/km which is still the lowest of any UK market car. It was also the only car to fall into the VED band A (up to 100g/km ), introduced in 2005, until 2008 when other manufacturers started developing cars to benefit from the tax free status.

Usage incentives
Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 in the United States, the Honda Insight was eligible for a US$1,450 tax credit.

Cars registered in the UK after 2001 qualified for free road tax because of their low CO2 emissions (2000 registered cars would be taxed on the lower rate of the old system based on engine size). As a hybrid, the Insight did also qualify for an exemption from the London Congestion Charge. However, in December 2010 this changed such that hybrids no longer gained automatic exception, instead cars emitting less than 100g/km CO2 and meeting the January 2005 Euro 4 emissions standard. The Insight being homologated as a 2000 vehicle, and hence not Euro 4 compliant, meant it no longer meets the criteria.

Motorsport
A Honda Insight won five races and the Class A championship in the Formula 1000 Rally in the United Kingdom in 2006. In 2011, the Insight was asked to step down from the Formula 1000 Rally Championship after dominating the first three rallies, it went on to compete and win the hybrid electric vehicle class of the RAC Future Car Challenge from Brighton to London by consuming just .

Replacement battery pack
As of June 2008 in the U.S., according to Honda, there are fewer than 200 battery failures beyond warranty coverage out of more than 100,000 hybrids sold.

As of 1 June 2008, the replacement battery costs US$1,968 and installation is around US$900.

By 2010, multiple aftermarket large capacity replacement NiMH battery packs, including GreenTec Auto, YABO Power, BumbleBee Batteries and Hybrid ReVolt, among others.

Safety
Rated by the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) in 2001

Second generation (ZE2/ZE3; 2009)

In 2009, Honda introduced its second-generation Insight based on an all-new, 5-passenger, 5-door, dedicated hybrid platform, which was also later used for the Honda CR-Z. The concept version of the Insight liftback hybrid electric vehicle had made its public debut at the 2008 Paris Motor Show. and its North American debut at the Los Angeles Auto Show. In the US, the new Insight is classified as a compact car based on its interior volume.

History

The 2010 Honda Insight was specifically designed to make hybrid technology more affordable to a wide range of buyers. Departing from the first generation Insight's two-seat configuration, the 2010 Insight is a 5-passenger, 5-door dedicated hybrid vehicle that includes the fifth generation of Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid powertrain.

The Insight was facelifted in 2010 in the United Kingdom and in 2011 for the 2012 model year in the United States, with updates to the suspension, styling and interior. There are revisions to the recoil rate of the springs, change of the rear camber angles and alterations to the rear suspension brace and adjusting mounts. As a result, Honda promised better ride, handling and stability. Interior changes include revisions to the dashboard, seat fabric, and some plastics. The air vents received a chrome surround and a silver garnish now adorns the door sills.

In 2013, Honda of Japan offered for sale two Insights: base Insight and Insight Exclusive with a CR-Z engine with CVT transmission. The base Insight had the 1.3-liter LDA engine which was offered in 2010 Insight; the 1.5-liter LEA Engine was installed in the Insight Exclusive. The base Insight had the 1.3-liter LDA engine with two trim levels: G and L. The Insight Exclusive had the 1.5-liter LEA engine with two trim Levels: XG and XL. The 2013 Insight Exclusive received revised front bumper, side skirts, revised rear bumper lower valance and 16-inch alloy wheels with 185/55R16 V-rated tires.  The XG trim level had 15-inch steel wheels or 15-inch alloy wheels with 185/60R15 H-rated tires. The 2014 Insight Exclusive received two trims levels of XL with level one receives 15-inch alloy wheels and different colors. XL level two receives 16-inch alloy wheels, fog lights, navigation, and different colors.  The XG trim level received 15-inch steel wheels and different colors.  The 1.5-liter LEA engine is same as the Honda CR-Z with 4 valves per cylinder and has slightly less gas mileage when compared to the 1.3-liter LDA engine.

Design
Honda chose a 5-door hatchback configuration for the second Insight. The wedge-shaped body assists aerodynamics and reduces drag for improved fuel economy. The 5-passenger accommodations enhance marketability and the overall vehicle shape, as Honda puts it, is “clearly identifiable as a hybrid.”

The wedge shape of the second-generation Insight has been praised by many automotive journalists for its similarities with the more successful and older second-generation Toyota Prius.

The Insight's exterior design merges design cues from both the first generation Insight (the tapered tail and triangular taillights) and Honda's production hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the FCX Clarity (the low hood, six-point front grille, and wedge-shaped profile).

The interior of the new Insight includes a variation of the two-tier instrument panel first introduced on the 2006 Honda Civic. In this arrangement, a digital speedometer is mounted high on the instrument panel within the driver's normal line-of-sight for ease of visibility. An analog tachometer, fuel gauge, hybrid assist gauge, and Multi-Information Display are housed in the lower tier.

Powertrain
The new Insight includes Honda's fifth generation of its Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid system. This system mates an internal combustion engine with an electric motor mounted directly to the engine's crankshaft between the engine and transmission. Honda states that this configuration is less complex, lower cost, and compact enough to accommodate a wide range of vehicle sizes when compared to competing hybrid powertrains. Honda has used previous generations of this IMA system on all of its production hybrid vehicles including the original Insight, Civic Hybrid, and Accord Hybrid. Advanced development has allowed the Insight's IMA system to be 19 percent smaller and 28 percent lighter than the previous generation IMA used in the existing Civic Hybrid.

The Insight's IMA includes a high-efficiency, lightweight, low-friction 1.3-liter SOHC i-VTEC 4-cylinder engine rated for  at 5800 rpm and  of torque from 1000 to 1700 rpm. The high torque at low rpm is made possible by the electric motor which contributes up to  at 1500 rpm and  of torque at 1000 rpm to the powertrain, assisting in acceleration and some steady state cruising situations at low-to-mid vehicle speeds. The motor acts as a generator during braking, steady cruising, gentle deceleration and coasting in order to recharge the IMA battery. The motor also serves as the engine starter, quickly spinning the engine to idle speed after Idle Stop and during normal vehicle starting. The system will automatically switch to a back-up, conventional 12-volt starter to start the engine if the IMA system is disabled or if the car is started at extreme cold temperatures. As an additional safety feature, Honda's hybrid configuration allows the car to operate like a conventional, gasoline-engine vehicle even if the IMA hybrid-electric motor system is completely disabled.

The 2013-2014 Honda Exclusive Model Code-ZE3: is powered by a  i-VTEC SOHC inline-4 engine, designated as LEA, with Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid-electric system. the continuously variable transmission (CVT) is standard equipment. The system delivers a combined peak output of  at 6000 rpm and  at 1000 to 1500 rpm ( on CVT-equipped models). The gasoline engine contributes  at 6000 rpm and  at 4800 rpm.

The Insight's Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) provides infinite ratios to keep the engine operating within its most efficient range. Forward gear ratios are infinitely variable between 3.172–0.529 and reverse gear ranges from 4.511~1.693. Final drive is 4.20:1. On Insight EX models, paddle shifters mounted behind the steering wheel allow the driver to engage a manual shift mode and select from seven simulated gear ratios for full control over acceleration and engine braking. Since the CVT's gear ratios are continuously variable the system electronically directs the transmission to up- or downshift into pre-determined ratios when the driver taps the shift paddles. In normal driving, the CVT allows the engine and IMA motor to stay in their most efficient operating range thereby providing superior fuel efficiency to that of a conventional automatic transmission with fixed gear ratios. The CVT's variable gear ratios allow for both quick, initial acceleration and efficient, low-rpm cruising.

In order to allow the powertrain computer to optimize performance under every driving condition, the Insight's accelerator pedal is a “drive-by-wire” type that uses an electronic position sensor instead of the conventional metal cable that usually connects the pedal to the engine's throttle body. In the drive-by-wire system, the engine's throttle body is controlled by the powertrain computer in response to the accelerator pedal position—allowing the computer to determine the optimal throttle body, fuel, and CVT settings based on the accelerator pedal position and its rate of travel.

Car and Driver magazine performed a comparison between the 2010 Honda Insight and the 2010 Toyota Prius. In this test, the Insight achieved 0–60 mph in 10.3 seconds (Prius, 10.0 seconds), the quarter mile in 17.9 seconds at 78 mph (Prius, 17.6 at 79 mph), and 70–0 mph braking in 181 feet (Prius, 182 feet). The Insight's average fuel economy during a 600-mile controlled evaluation was  (Prius, ). Overall, Car and Driver selected the Insight as their preferred vehicle due to its "fun-to-drive" qualities including superior handling, steering, braking, and paddle-shifted transmission.

IMA battery
The Insight's IMA is powered by a flat, nickel-metal hydride battery pack located below the cargo floor between the rear wheels. The 84 module battery is manufactured by Sanyo Electric and provides a nominal system voltage of 100.8 volts with a nominal capacity of 5.75 ampere hours. The power density of the modules is 30 percent greater than in the second generation Civic Hybrid. The battery is recharged automatically by scavenging engine power, when needed, and by regenerative braking when the car is decelerating. The power management electronics, battery modules, and cooling system are all self-contained within the IMA battery pack.

Honda ECO ASSIST System
The system monitors and displays the positive or negative effect of a driving style on the vehicle's fuel economy.

As a visual aid, the background of the Insight's digital speedometer glows green when the car is being driven in an efficient manner. Somewhat less-efficient driving makes the meter glow blue-green. Aggressive starts and stops that consume extra fuel make the meter glow blue. By observing the color shift of the speedometer background, the driver receives assistance in developing driving habits that typically enhance fuel economy.

In addition, ECO ASSIST includes a dedicated ECON button that enables the driver to initiate a range of functions that increase the fuel economy of the IMA system via a single button press. In ECON mode, the driver trades off a measure of performance for enhanced fuel economy but gains the following advantages:
 Increases the potential for engaging the Idle Stop feature sooner
 Operates air conditioning more in recirculation mode
 Reduces automatic climate control blower fan speed
 Optimizes throttle angle input and CVT operation
 Limits power and torque by approximately 4 percent (full responsiveness is provided at wide-open-throttle)

Overall, ECO ASSIST is designed to assist the driver in adopting a balanced approach between efficient highway commuting and efficient city driving. However, the EPA found during fuel economy testing that using the ECO ASSIST mode "registered no effect" on its fuel economy rating. "It relaxes throttle response, so the test driver simply compensates with additional throttle to achieve the required speeds."

The multi-information display, located in the center of the tachometer, can be toggled through nine different screens of vehicle information including instantaneous fuel economy, hybrid system schematic, trip computer, and ECO Guide. The ECO Guide display includes a real-time graphic that provides a target zone for acceleration and deceleration in order to achieve maximum fuel economy. When the ignition switch is turned off, a summary screen displays a scoring function that encourages drivers to take an interest in developing fuel-efficient driving habits over the long term. In this manner, drivers can earn additional ‘leaves’ on a plant stem when practicing fuel saving strategies. Long-term fuel efficient driving habits ultimately earn the driver a ‘trophy’ graphic.

Chassis, suspension, and steering
The Insight's compact chassis is derived from components used in the Honda Fit. The structure of the engine compartment and front section of the chassis is almost identical to the Fit's, but with additional enhancements to aid crash protection. From the firewall aft the platform is unique to Insight.

The most significant difference between the Fit and the Insight platform is the position of the fuel tank. While the Fit locates the fuel tank under the front seats, the Insight positions the fuel tank under the rear seats. This allows the Insight's hybrid battery pack to be located in the cargo floor below the spare tire, to accommodate folding rear seats, lower roofline, and a more aerodynamic body shape.

Front and rear suspension components from the Fit are used including MacPherson struts at the front and an H-shaped torsion beam at the rear to keep the load floor low. Front and rear stabilizer bars are also installed. On EX models, the 175/65-15 low-rolling resistance tires are mounted on lightweight aluminum wheels, each weighing  together with the tire.

The rack-and-pinion steering uses electric assist and allows the Insight to steer normally even when the engine is shut off in Idle Stop mode.

The braking system includes four-channel ABS, electronic brake distribution, and a creep aid system to prevent the car from rolling on a hill. A brake booster pressure monitoring system monitors vacuum when the engine is shut off during Idle Stop mode. Traction control and vehicle stability assist are also included. The front brakes are single-piston sliding caliper with a one-piece ventilated rotor. Drum brakes are used in the rear.

Enhanced efficiency air conditioning system
The air conditioning system on the new Insight has an expanded thermodynamic range compared to conventional systems. Unlike the separate low pressure and high pressure refrigerant pipes used in conventional systems, the Insight has its low pressure cold pipe enclosing the high pressure hot refrigerant pipe that allows the cold refrigerant on its way back to the engine bay to cool the warm refrigerant traveling to the cabin. A unique, spiral groove along the outside of the inner pipe increases the surface area and therefore the efficiency of the heat transfer between the outer and inner tubes. This improves the thermal efficiency of the air-conditioning system and, as a result, less effort is required from the compressor, resulting in improved fuel efficiency.

In order to control costs, Honda decided not to include the electric-assist air conditioning compressor used in the Civic Hybrid. The Civic Hybrid's electric-assist allows the air conditioning compressor to continue running (using battery pack power) to maintain cabin temperature when the engine is shut off in Idle Stop mode. Instead, the Insight limits the duration of the Idle Stop mode during air conditioning use and restarts the engine, when needed, to maintain cabin temperature. However, when the Insight's ECON function is engaged, a longer Idle Stop time is invoked for improved fuel efficiency at the expense of rapid cabin cooling. In other words, the air conditioning stops whenever the car stops, as in stop-and-go traffic. During Idle Stop the blower continues to run albeit at a low speed.

2012 facelift

A facelifted Insight for Europe is shown at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show. Honda facelifted the Insight for 2012 model year. There are several significant changes to improve the car, including exterior, interior, driving and fuel economy.

In the exterior, Honda updates the front with larger air intakes on the lower front fascia, installs new headlights and tail lights, and has new wheel designs. The new grille comes with a blue stripe that Honda says represents the car's “high-tech hybrid identity.” A thinner rear spoiler and a more compactly mounted rear wiper motor help to improve visibility through the rear window.

Even though it now comes with wider 185/60R15 tires, a reduction in engine and CVT friction, improvements to the front and rear bumpers and underbody lead to a 1-mpg increase in EPA's city, highway, and combined mileage numbers.  in the city,  on the highway, and  mpg combined.
The aerodynamic efficiency is improved by two percent.

In the interior, the rear-seat and headliner are redesigned to add more rear legroom and headroom, improving comfort, additional sound insulation is added and the cupholders are larger. A rear camera and a 16-gigabyte flash card system now comes with the navigation system. Furthermore, the gauge cluster is refreshed.

Changes in design led to excessive oil consumption that could require replacement of parts of the engine. In 2017, Honda addressed the concern in 2016 and, in 2017, extended the warranty to cover these flaws for eight years.

Fuel efficiency
Despite technological advances, the fuel efficiency of the second-generation Insight was lower than that of the first because of significant increases in size, weight and power. Fuel efficiency rating according to the U.S. EPA testing methodology is: City , Highway , Combined . The 2012 model year U.S. version has minor improvements and its updated EPA fuel economy rating is: City , Highway , Combined .

Honda UK state that the official UK fuel efficiency data for the Insight SE is: Urban , Extra urban , Combined  and the CO2 emissions rating is: 101 g/km, putting it in the second lowest UK vehicle excise duty band.

Sales and prices by country
Honda sold 130,445 Insights worldwide in 2009.

In an interview in early February 2011, a Honda executive disclosed that Honda produced around 200,000 hybrids a year in Japan.

The Insight was removed from Honda Canada's website in November 2013. It was removed from sale in the UK mid 2014.

Japan
The new Insight began sales in Japan on February 6, 2009. The reception in Japan exceeded Honda's original forecast of 5,000 monthly sales. This resulted as less availability to overseas markets and Honda has to start production on a second line at its Suzuka factory in mid-June to increase production from 700 units a day. In April 2009, the Honda Insight became the first gasoline-electric hybrid to be the best-selling vehicle in Japan for the month.
After less than eleven months on sale, Honda sold 93,283 Insight in Japan in 2009, ranking it the fifth best-selling car for the year. In March 2010, Honda announced that the new Insight broke through 100,000 sales in the Japanese market in just one year after its introduction.

United States

The car went on sale on March 24, 2009, in the U.S. as a 2010 model, making it the least expensive hybrid vehicle available in the United States.

Within less than ten months from its introduction, Insight total sales for 2009 in the U.S. market
were 20,572 units, selling more than the Fusion Hybrid (15,554 units) and the Civic Hybrid (15,119), but behind the Camry Hybrid (22,887 units) and the Toyota Prius (139,682 units).
The sales in the U.S. were below expectation, mainly due to the economic recession in 2008–09, stiff competition and a drop in gasoline prices of over one-third over the past year, eroding demand for fuel-efficient cars.

In December 2010, Honda introduced a less expensive Insight hybrid for the 2011 model year to help boost sales. For the 2011 LX model, center armrest, cruise control, USB connectivity for the audio system and floor mats are newly added. Electronic stability control and brake assist became standard across all trim levels. All models come with automatic climate control. Honda explained the move "to make (the vehicle) more affordable for those younger customers who couldn't previously get into a hybrid." In 2009, Toyota promised a lower-priced version of the Prius to compete with Insight, but quietly dropped the deal for consumers.

In 2010, 20,962 Insights were sold in the country. The Insight ranked number two in all hybrid vehicle sales after the Toyota Prius, beating out the Toyota Camry Hybrid and the Ford Fusion Hybrid. From January 2011 to August 2011, cumulative sales of the Insight in the U.S. reached 13,106 units, ranking number two among hybrid sales for 2011 and outsold only by the Prius. By September 2011, cumulative sales reached 13,618 units, falling to the third place, surpassed by the Hyundai Sonata.

For the 2012 model year, upgraded upholstery, map light, and steering-wheel-mounted controls are added to LX trim; Bluetooth, automatic headlights, a premium fabric upholstery, plus a leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob are added to EX trim. Rearview camera and a 16-gigabyte flash card system are added to the navigation system.

In October 2009, Consumer Reports named the Honda Insight the most reliable vehicle as it scored the highest of any vehicles in predicted reliability, according to its annual vehicles reliability survey.

Europe

United Kingdom

The Honda Insight has been on sale from 4 April 2009 and early reports said it outsold its competitor by 15%. The Insight is no longer exempted from the London congestion charge. Starting from autumn 2010, revised suspension should improve ride and handling, parking sensors are added to ES model and higher trim models.

Australia
The Insight was launched as the lowest-priced hybrid car in Australia starting from December 2010. Its price was lower than the Civic Hybrid and the Toyota Prius.

Its fuel economy is rated  in official Australian testing. Honda questions the green credentials of electric vehicles when electricity is generated from coal-fired power stations, "For Australia, unless you're tapped into a green power source, the benefits are negligible".

The Netherlands
As of March 2010, Honda has sold 2,661 units since the introduction of the Insight in April 2009 of which 847 were sold in the first three months of 2010. As of January 2010, the Honda Insight is exempt of road tax.

The sales of the Honda Insight, along with those of the Honda Civic Hybrid, helped Honda achieve their best sales result in the Netherlands since 1989.

Republic of Ireland
Between 2009 and 2015, The Society of the Irish Motor Industry (SIMI) 'Motorstats' (beepbeep.ie) show that there were 306 'Total New Registrations' of Honda Insights (including 27 and 5 in 2014 & 2015 respectively) with a peak of 108 in 2010 (10 in 2009). The 'Refreshed' model (new front etc.) was available in 2013.  Retail price in 2014 for the SE option was €23,495 and the ES €24,610 (kevinoleary.ie).

Other Asian countries
The Insight was launched in South Korea in October 2010 as the lowest priced hybrid car offered by import automakers.

In Malaysia, Honda launched the Insight on December 2, 2010, at the Kuala Lumpur International Motor Show (KLIMS) 2010. It was priced slightly more than the top model Honda City. It is reported that a few hundred sales orders were received even before its launch.

In 2011, Insight was the best selling hybrid in the country with a total of 4,568 sold.

Reception

Early reviews praised the Insight's futuristic styling, handling, and price but noted that it was less powerful, less fuel efficient, and less comfortable than other more expensive hybrids. The Insight performed well in comparison tests administered by Motor Trend and Car and Driver. In their comparison test against the 2010 Toyota Prius, Car and Driver stated "...the Insight proved more visceral, connected, and agile than the Prius. The Insight represents a lot of engineering bang for the buck, and the majority of its dynamics are more satisfying than the Prius’s" citing the benefits of the Insight's firm brake feel, accurate steering, and tight suspension (the latter borrowing heavily from the latest Honda Fit). It did not perform as well in Edmunds or Popular Mechanics tests. Despite a high reliability rating in Consumer Reports testing, the Insight was assigned a low score, stating that it fell short in ride quality, handling, interior noise, acceleration, refinement, rear seat access and rear visibility.

Autoblog praised it for its fuel economy, tight handling, and good steering feedback, and stated "the Insight is a shockingly fun car to drive in a spirited manner in spite of the comparatively modest thrust available.", but criticized the Insight for its low passenger volume.

Automotive critic Jeremy Clarkson, known for his disdain for hybrid vehicles, criticized the Insight for its continuously variable transmission, engine noise, and build quality. He recognized that the price was low, but concluded that a Volkswagen Golf was a better deal.

Edmunds.com praised the Insight for improving upon the formula of rival Prius and costing thousands less, but criticized it for excessive road noise, a tight back seat, and buzzy engine under hard acceleration. In addition, they state it "is by far the most enjoyable hybrid hatchback to drive" and praised the ride for being firm, the steering for being relatively responsive, and the seamless integration between the electric and internal combustion engine.

In 2009, Edmunds pitted a Honda Insight against other hybrids like Toyota Prius and Ford Fusion hybrid, a Volkswagen Jetta TDI automatic and a MINI Cooper with manual transmission over two days of mixed city and highway driving.

In October 2014, Top Gear magazine placed the Insight on its list of "The worst cars you can buy right now", describing the car as "A £20k hyper-efficient numbers merchant now surpassed by loads of diesel rivals in practically any measurement except urban quietness. The game has moved on."

Safety

Discontinuation
In November 2013, Honda informed dealers in Japan that Insight production would stop. Its sales were in a "slow death" and its discontinuation was for the second time in ten years. On February 28, 2014, Honda officially announced ending production of the second generation Insight after the 2014 model year. With its "unrefined powertrain and cheap interior" the car had "dismal sales" especially when compared to its competition. Although it had a lower base price than the competing hybrid model, the Insight's 42 mpg estimate did not reach the 50 mpg Toyota Prius, the number that "mattered most to potential customers." With a combined fuel economy rating that was now little more than that of some non-hybrid models available in the U.S. marketplace, in early 2014 there was 237 days worth of supply of Insights in contrast to the typical 60-day inventory held by automakers.

Third generation (ZE4; 2018)

The third-generation Honda Insight prototype debuted at the 2018 North American International Auto Show, and the production version was unveiled at the 2018 New York International Auto Show. It is based on the tenth-generation Honda Civic sedan, and shares similar exterior and interior dimensions (although the Insight is about one inch longer than its non-hybrid counterpart). Unlike the previous Insight, it is a traditional sedan, not a five-door liftback.

The new Insight uses Honda's third generation two-motor hybrid powertrain, featuring a 1.5-liter gasoline engine that runs on Atkinson cycle combined with an electric motor and a lithium-ion battery pack.

The Insight shares the same trunk space as the tenth-generation Honda Civic sedan, as the batteries for the Insight do not impede on trunk space. The fully digital LCD instrument cluster was taken from the larger 2018 Honda Accord, and many interior styling features were taken from the tenth-generation Honda Civic Sedan, which is assembled at the same Greensburg, Indiana plant as the all-new Insight. Honda projects a  city,  highway fuel economy, and  combined rating for the 2019 Insight LX and EX trim levels, as compared to the  city,  highway, and  combined fuel economy ratings on the top Touring trim, which introduces leather seating to the Insight for the first and only time.  The difference in fuel economy between the versions is due to the higher weight and added equipment of the Touring version.

The third-generation Honda Insight went on sale at Honda dealerships in the United States in June 2018 as a 2019 model year vehicle with a retail price starting at $22,830 plus $895 destination charge. It was also launched in Mexico on September 6, 2018, and later in Japan on December 13, 2018, and went on sale on the next day.

In April 2022, Honda announced that the Insight would be discontinued after the 2022 model year, with production ending in June. A new Civic Hybrid will replace the Insight.

Awards and recognition
First generation
 The Insight's engine won the International Engine of the Year award for 2000, and continued to hold the "Sub-1 liter" size category for the next six years.
 It received the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 2000 Climate Protection Award.
 It was named the Greenest Vehicle of the year for 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2006 by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE).
 The Insight was nominated for the North American Car of the Year award for 2001.
 Until the 2016 Toyota Prius Eco, the 2000 Insight was the most efficient EPA-certified gasoline-powered vehicle ever, with a highway rating of  and combined city/highway rating of .

Second generation
 The Insight is awarded 2009 Good Design Award from the Japan Industrial Design Promotion Organization
 The American Automobile Association (AAA) awarded the Honda Insight the Top Commuter Vehicle in 2010.
 The 2010 Insight EX was awarded Top Safety Pick 2009 from Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
 Selected among Kelley Blue Book Top 10 Green Cars for 2010.
 Selected among Kelley Blue Book Top 10 Green Cars for 2011.
 Selected among the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy Greenest Vehicles of the Year for 2010, 2011 and 2012.
 2012 Total Cost of Ownership Award in the hybrid car category, granted by Kelly Blue Book for the lowest projected costs during initial five-year ownership period in its category.

Third generation
 2019 Green Car of the Year

See also
 Honda CR-Z
 Honda Civic Hybrid
 Honda Clarity
 List of hybrid vehicles

References

External links

 Honda Insight official website

Insight
Hybrid electric cars
Partial zero-emissions vehicles
Vehicles with CVT transmission
Hatchbacks
Cars introduced in 1999
2010s cars
Front-wheel-drive vehicles

Honda Insight


De vlucht van vroeger is het 19e stripalbum van Agent 327, getekend door Martin Lodewijk en in 2005 uitgegeven door Uitgeverij L. Het verhaal (dossier) is voor het eerst verschenen in het Algemeen Dagblad in 2004 (1 april t/m 4 augustus). In 2020 werd het album heruitgegeven onder de titel De vlucht van 75 jaar terug naar aanleiding van van het 75-jarig jubileum van de bevrijding in Nederland.

In De vlucht van vroeger worden vreemde theorieën over Rudolf Hess en de affaire van de Stadhoudersbrief verweven tot een verhaal waarin 327's verleden een rol blijkt te spelen.

Verhaal

Agent 327 en de Chef spitten in de oude archieven en komen zo op dossier De vlucht van vroeger. Dat gaat terug tot in de oorlog, toen de jonge Hendrik IJzerbroot via het verzet de Chef al ontmoette. Het dossier begint in 1941, wanneer Rudolf Hess naar Engeland wil vliegen. Daarbij had hij stiekem voorwerpen uit de kluis van Hitler meegenomen. Als Hitler hiervan op de hoogte komt, stuurt hij om verwarring te zaaien elf dubbelgangers achter Hess aan. Negen komen nooit aan, de tiende is joods en vlucht naar Portugal maar de elfde bereikt Engeland. Deze wordt gevangengenomen en sterft in 1987 in de Spandaugevangenis. De echte Hess is onderweg naar Engeland in aanvaring gekomen met een Brits vliegtuig dat in de Noordzee verdween, wat niemand weet.

Terug naar 1948, terug naar de aanstaande inhuldiging van koningin Juliana. De jonge IJzerbroot is onlangs als Geheim Agent 327 toegelaten en moet met de Chef naar Berlijn om daar het kunstgebit van koningin Wilhelmina te zoeken. Voor de oorlog is het gebit gestolen in opdracht van Hitler, als pesterij. De staatsgeheimen, op microfiche, zitten in de prothese van Wihelmina en deze moeten terug zijn voordat Juliana ingehuldigd wordt.

Allereerst moeten chef en 327 het kamermeisje opsporen dat het kunstgebit van Wilhelmina stal. Met behulp van de Trümmerbube Emil komen ze haar tandarts op het spoor en ontsnappen ze aan Dritta Reich en haar handlangers, die ook op zoek zijn naar het kamermeisje. Als Chef en IJzerbroot het kamermeisje hebben gevonden, zal zij ervoor zorgen dat Wilhelmina's gebit terugkomt. Met Emils hulp slagen ze erin om in de ruïnes van Hitlers bunker te komen. Het kamermeisje opent een geheime kluis en op dat moment verschijnt Reich weer. Wat zowel Chef als Reich zoeken, blijkt te zijn wat Hess stal: een onduidelijk geheim wapen. Dan verschijnt ook nog Victor Baarn bij de kluis, die de zoektocht van 327 en Chef volgde om dé Stadhoudersbrief te vinden. Het echte exemplaar blijkt ook door Hess gestolen. Een kopie laat wel zien dat Hitler juist vroeg of Bernhard stadhouder wilde worden en dat Bernhard dat niet zelf aanbood. Integendeel: hij wees het af.
De jonge IJzerbroot zorgt op dat moment voor verwarring zodat de Nederlanders kunnen ontsnappen. Er is er nog één probleem: hoe moeten de Nederlandse staatsgeheimen op tijd terugkomen in Amsterdam, want vanwege de mist wordt er niet gevlogen. Met behulp van een postduif wordt de microfilm toch nog op tijd afgeleverd.

Trivia
 Aan het begin van het verhaal is Juffrouw Betsy in de rouw over de dood van prinses Juliana, die toen dit verhaal in de krant liep net overleden was.
 De vliegtuigen in strook H7 vliegen allemaal naar Engelse graafschappen: Middlesex, Essex, East Sussex, West-Sussex, Wessex, Dorset en zelfs Plassex.
 Een van Hess' dubbelgangers vlucht naar Portugal, waar een vrouw naar zijn penis kijkt tussen de lakens en opmerkt dat hij besneden en dus joods is.
 In strook H10 ontdekt Hess een B-24 Liberator bommenwerper van de Amerikaanse USAAF, die afgedwaald is van zijn konvooi. De Verenigde Staten waren in 1941 echter nog niet deelnemer aan de strijd tegen Nazi-Duitsland.
 In strook H11 is dezelfde B-24 Liberator uit strook H10 plots een toestel van de Britse Royal Air Force geworden. De piloot is in deze en de volgende stroken echter nog altijd gekleed in Amerikaans uniform.
 In strook H13 eist Hess dat de piloten naar Engeland vliegen. De piloot merkt op: "Toe maar! Alsof het niks is... waarom niet ineens naar Cuba of zo?" Tijdens de jaren 70 zouden veel kapers piloten dwingen naar Cuba te vliegen.
 De kolenwagen in strook H20 heeft de running gag de fictieve firma "Habraken" op de zijkant staan. In strook H43 staat het in het Duits geschreven als "Habracke auto's".
 IJzerbroot en de chef vliegen in strook H26-H28 mee met Gail Halvorsen, een Amerikaanse piloot die tijdens de Blokkade van Berlijn de Berlijnse bevolking per vliegtuig chocolade bezorgde. Hij kreeg hierbij de naam "Candy Bomber" en "Der Schokoladen Flieger".
 De balpen heeft zijn intrede gedaan in Berlijn. IJzerbroot merkt op dat de mensen zelfs nog nooit zijn Eversharp hebben gezien. "Eversharp" was een potlodenmerk.
 In H39 merkt een van de Duitse gangsters op: "Arbeit macht froh!" ("Arbeid maakt vrolijk!"), een woordspeling op Arbeit macht frei ("Arbeid maakt vrij"), de boodschap die op het Auschwitzhek stond geschreven.
 Dritta Reichs naam is een woordspeling op "Das Dritte Reich" (Het Derde Rijk).
 Dritta's handlangers, Goethe en Wittgenstein, zijn genoemd naar de gelijknamige Duitse auteurs.
 Een van de gangsters hoort in strook H45 allerlei rare luide geluiden en vraagt: "Wat zijn ze aan het doen? Het lijkt Stalingrad wel!"
 IJzerbroot beweert autorijden te hebben geleerd op het Circuit van Zandvoort.
 Wanneer IJzerbroot per auto onder de Berlijnse douanepoort heenrijdt, merkt hij triomfantelijk op: "Ze zullen hier toch echt op z'n minst een muur moeten bouwen om mij tegen te houden."
 Fraulein Lotte Lieferbahr lijkt op Liza Minnelli in de film Cabaret (1972)
 In strook H55 merkt Lieferbahr op dat ze "heus niet zo'n dom blondje is als Eva Braun of Traudl Junge." In strook H65 voegt ze eraan toe dat ze "Hanna Reitsch veel aardiger vond."
 Emiel verklaart in diezelfde strook dat men beter ergens ver weg oorlog kan voeren: "Weet ik veel... in Korea of Indo-China of voor mijn part Irak. Dan heb je er tenminste zelf geen last van."
 In strook H61 gebruikt Lieferbahr het scheldwoord Götterdämmerung, dat op een verduitste versie van het woord "goddamn" lijkt, maar in feite "godenschemering" betekent. De "Götterdämmerung" is een bekende opera van Richard Wagner.
 In strook H64 vindt Lieferbahr "het dagboek dat de Führer bijhield over z'n darmproblemen": "Mein KRampf"
 IJzerbroot laat in strook H67 een van de gangsters struikelen en verklaart: "Een tackle die ik niet van Kick Wilstra geleerd heb..." Kick Wilstra was de hoofdfiguur in een Nederlandse voetbalstrip, die echter pas in 1949 zijn debuut maakte, terwijl dit verhaal zich afspeelt in 1948.
 Victor Baarn, wiens identiteit al jaren een mysterie is in Agent 327, verschijnt hier met een sjaal voor zijn gezicht, maar afgaande op zijn Duitse accent, hooggeplaatste functie en duidelijk herkenbare brilglazen is het Prins Bernhard, iets wat Lodewijk zelf ook al heeft toegegeven. In strook H88 volgt nog een extra hint, wanneer IJzerbroot vraagt: "Hoe kan de pr...eh... Victor Baarn nu wel op tijd bij de inhuldiging geweest zijn als de vliegtuigen niet vlogen?" Olga Lawina antwoordt: "Dubbelgangers."
 In strook H84 zegt de chef dat indien de duif een wielrenner was, hij de Tour de France zeven keer zou winnen. Dit is een verwijzing naar Lance Armstrong die in 2005, toen dit album verscheen, voor de zevende keer de Ronde van Frankrijk won.
 IJzerbroot en de Chef zingen in strook H86 het Wilhelmus. IJzerbroot verklaart later: "Daar kon Willem Duys twintig jaar later nog een puntje aan zuigen, chef!"

Zie ook
 Lijst van albums van Agent 327

Stripverhaal van Agent 327

De vlucht van vroeger


Luiz Gonzaga Pereira dos Santos (aka. Gonzaga da Cacimba) was a Brazilian mass murderer who killed a family of seven in Princesa Isabel, Brazil, on June 29, 1979. He was killed on a siege on March 3, 1981.

Background
Santos, who was enraged because his daughter had lost her virginity to one of the José Alves de Almeida family's sons, João Alves de Almeida. João was wanting to marry Santos's daughter, but the daughter had fallen in love with another man, and the engagement was undone.

Santos was described as a bad character person, who lived on a group of rogues, and was interested in gambling. He was also credited with four other murders and other crimes in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba.

Santos was said to have a strong hatred for de Almeida family, having a quarrel on him for over five years, and had always said that he was going to have revenge.

Murders
On approximately 6:30 p.m., June 29, 1979, Santos, armed with a revolver, entered de Almeida house in Princesa Isabel. The family was dining at the time. After he intruded Almeida's house, he ordered the family to lean against the wall, and then began shooting them, all of them fatally. Santos also searched for João, who had seduced his daughter, but was not in the house at the time. Santos then fled.

One child, Francisco de Assis de Almeida Santos, 13, hid behind a door, passed behind Santos, and escaped, running to the house of Aluisio Ferreira da Silva, circa 500 meters, Ferreira da Silva, went to the house to see what happened, and was threatened to be shot by Santos, Santos ordered to Ferreira da Silva get out of the house, saying "se ficar na minha frente, morre também" (If you keep standing in front of me, you die too.).

Escaping with de Assis de Almeida, Ferreira da Silva contacted the authorities, on 9:15 p.m., 60 police officers, commanded by Colonel Mauricio Leite and by local Delegate Adelino Ferreira da Silva, began searching for Santos, with no success.

The victims were buried on Triunfo's Cemetery on 10:30 a.m., an employee of a bank establishment, requested donations for buying coffins for the victims, and was received by the population.

An extensive search for Santos was initiated, which finally ended on March 3, 1981.

Worried because Santos was being searched for by 23,450 furious villagers, Judge Luiz Carlos Santos, who accumulated the district of Princesa Isabel, contacted Paraiba Public Security to give Santos the "guarantees of justice" fearing that Santos might be found and lynched by the population of the region, who were furious about the crime.

Siege and death
On Poção, Pernambuco, March 3, 1981, Santos's house was surrounded by the 3rd Military Police Squad of Pernambuco and Paraíba state authorities, Santos resisted and began a shootout with the police, claiming that he had a child with him, and that he was not a violent criminal, that would not take his life, because he committed several crimes on regions of Pernambuco and Paraíba and had a preventive detention mandate, and for that reason, he wanted to leave the house dead.

He released one of his 25-year-old sons, whom he demanded to close the entire house, and said "agora estou pronto, nunca me entregarei vivo." (Now I'm ready; I won't surrender alive.) For approximately 11 hours, Santos opened one of his house windows, and said he would only leave with Captain Medeiros, who approached Santos, Medeiros tried to convince the gunman to surrender to the police, Santos responded "não havia jeito" (There's no way.) and that in no way he would surrender.

Learning that the gunman would not surrender with his life, Captain Medeiros ordered the Military Police Squad of Pernambuco in Garanhuns to tear gas bombs, at 14 o'clock, they requested again for Santos to surrender, but was again unsuccessful. According to seargeant João Gomes de Souza, it was finally resolved to thrown tear gas bombs onto Santos house, Santos responded the police and jumped the window of the house and began shooting at João Gomes de Souza, injuring him. This response caused the police to shoot at Santos, killing him with 20 bullets, but he couldn't be treated from his injuries.

Aftermath
After the shootout, Santos was taken to Monteiro, Paraíba municipality, while Gomes de Souza was taken to the Hospital de Arcoverde, posteriorly to the Centro Hospitalar da Polícia Militar de Pernambuco, on Derby, Recife.

For killing seven persons, Santos gained notoriety with the name "Mata-Sete" (Kill-Seven) or "Monstro de Princesa" (Princesa's Monster) given by the newspaper O Norte.

A book, based on the murders of Santos, "Mata Sete" o monstro de Sertão o assassino de um família em Princesa Isabel, written by Antonio Patricio de Souza, was published in 1979.

Victims
José Alves de Almeida, 56
Marcionila Alves de Almeida, 56, José Alves wife
Maria da Gloria, 18
Maria de Fatima, 17
Maria Aparecida, 12
Francisco de Assis, 10
Vital José Alves de Almeida, 7

References

External links
Executado em tiroteio o "Mata Sete", Diário de Pernambuco (March 6, 1981)
Bandido é morto com 20 tiros, Diário do Paraná: Orgao dos Diários Associados (PR) - 1955 a 1983 (March 8, 1981)

Bibliography
de Souza, Antonio Patricio: "Mata Sete" o monstro de Sertão o assassino de um familia em Princesa Isabel; 1979.

Further reading
Questao de Honra, Renato Uchôa, Ana Paula Romão
Mata Sete: o outro lado de uma tragédia pela honra, Miguezim de Princesa (October 26, 2008)
Neta do Mata-Sete comenta crônica sobre o avô, Miguezim de Princesa (December 21, 2008)

1979 in Brazil
Mass murder in 1979
1981 in Brazil
1981 deaths
People shot dead by law enforcement officers in Brazil
Brazilian mass murderers
Year of birth missing
1979 murders in Brazil

Luiz Gonzaga Pereira dos Santos


Epistephium is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to South America, with a few species in Belize and Trinidad.

Epistephium amabile Schltr.
Epistephium amplexicaule Poepp. & Endl.
Epistephium brevicristatum R.E.Schult.
Epistephium duckei Huber
Epistephium elatum Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth
Epistephium ellipticum R.O.Williams & Summerh.   (Belize)
Epistephium frederici-augusti Rchb.f. & Warsz.
Epistephium hernandii Garay
Epistephium lamprophyllum Schltr.
Epistephium laxiflorum Barb.Rodr.
Epistephium lobulosum Garay
Epistephium lucidum Cogn. in C.F.P.von Martius
Epistephium matogrossense Hoehne
Epistephium parviflorum Lindl.
Epistephium portellianum Barb.Rodr.
Epistephium praestans Hoehne
Epistephium sclerophyllum Lindl.
Epistephium sessiliflorum Lindl.
Epistephium speciosum Barb.Rodr.
Epistephium subrepens Hoehne
Epistephium williamsii Hook.f.

See also
 List of Orchidaceae genera

References

 Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press.
 Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press.
 Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press
 Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart

External links

Vanilloideae genera
Vanilleae

Epistephium


Bollinger est un patronyme germanique, désignant une personne habitant ou provenant d'une localité nommée « Bolling » ou « Bollingen », et qui peut désigner :

 Champagne Bollinger, une maison de Champagne fondée en 1829
 le comté de Bollinger, un comté de l'État américain du Missouri
 , un parc de l'État du Missouri
 les bandes de Bollinger, un outil d'analyse économique développé par John Bollinger
 La Bollinger B1, automobile de la marque américaine Bollinger Motors.

Patronyme

Doug Bollinger (1981-),  joueur de cricket australien.
Friedrich Bollinger (1885-?), joueur de football suisse.
John Bollinger (1950-), analyste financier et écrivain américain.
Joseph Jacob Bollinger (1803-1884), un des fondateurs du Champagne Bollinger.
Lily Bollinger (1899-1977), femme d'affaires française, directrice de la maison de champagne Bollinger de 1941 à 1971.

Voir aussi
 Bollingen
 Bolling

Patronyme germanique
Patronyme allemand

Bollinger


Sörtjärnen är en sjö i Sollefteå kommun i Ångermanland och ingår i .

Se även
 Lista över insjöar i Sollefteå kommun

Källor

Externa länkar

Insjöar i Ångermanälvens avrinningsområde
Insjöar i Ångermanland
Insjöar i Sollefteå kommun

Sörtjärnen (Ramsele socken, Ångermanland, 705568-150671)


Rashad Wright, né le  à Statesboro, en Géorgie, est un joueur américain de basket-ball. Il évolue aux postes de meneur et d'arrière.

Biographie

Références

Liens externes

Joueur américain de basket-ball
Naissance en mars 1982
Joueur drafté par les Pacers de l'Indiana
Joueur des Bulldogs de la Géorgie
Joueur de la Chorale Roanne Basket
Joueur du Paniónios BC
Joueur du KK Hemofarm
Joueur du BC Oostende
Joueur d'Efes Pilsen İstanbul
Joueur de l'ALBA Berlin
Joueur du PAOK Salonique (basket-ball)
Naissance dans le comté de Bulloch
Sportif afro-américain

Rashad Wright


Le Grand Prix automobile d'Italie 2017 (Formula 1 Gran Premio Heineken d'Italia 2017), disputé le  sur le circuit de Monza, est la  épreuve du championnat du monde de Formule 1 courue depuis 1950 où le circuit, situé dans le Parco Reale de Monza et surnommé le Temple de la vitesse, faisait partie des sept pistes utilisées pour cette édition inaugurale. Il s'agit de la soixante-dix-huitième  édition du Grand Prix d'Italie comptant pour le championnat du monde de Formule 1, la soixante-septième se tenant à Monza, et de la treizième manche du championnat 2017.

En réalisant, sous la pluie de Monza, sa soixante-neuvième pole position (sa huitième de la saison), Lewis Hamilton devient le nouveau recordman de l'exercice en Formule 1, devant Michael Schumacher. La séance de qualification est interrompue sur drapeau rouge en raison d'un accident de Romain Grosjean, parti en aquaplanage en pleine ligne droite après seulement quelques minutes dans la première phase. Reportée de quart d'heure en quart d'heure, la session ne reprend qu'après plus de deux heures et est entièrement dominée par Hamilton. Lors de la troisième phase, alors que la pluie a redoublé, les pilotes les plus rapides en pneus pluie (marquage bleu) sont les deux coéquipiers chez Red Bull Racing, Max Verstappen et Daniel Ricciardo, à plus d'une seconde du pilote Mercedes. Ils ne tirent toutefois pas profit de leurs belles performances à la suite de nombreuses pénalités pour des changements d'éléments de leurs groupes propulseurs qui les repoussent en fond de grille. Le débutant canadien Lance Stroll, auteur du quatrième temps, profite de leur recul pour s'élancer, pour la première fois de sa carrière, en première ligne. Esteban Ocon, initialement cinquième, occupe la deuxième ligne avec Valtteri Bottas. Les pilotes Ferrari à la peine sur la piste détrempée de Monza, réalisent les septième et huitième temps mais s'élancent en troisième ligne, Kimi Räikkönen devant Sebastian Vettel.

Les Mercedes W08 se montrent très largement au-dessus du lot lors de la course, disputée sous un temps ensoleillé. Ainsi, tandis que Lewis Hamilton s'envole dès le départ pour un véritable cavalier seul, Valtteri Bottas ne met que trois tours pour accéder la deuxième place et assurer un nouveau doublé des Flèches d'Argent, que plus personne ne revoit. Hamilton s'adjuge la  victoire de sa carrière, sa sixième de la saison. Alors que la Scuderia Ferrari affiche à Monza le chiffre 70 pour fêter l'anniversaire de sa création en 1947, Sebastian Vettel termine sur la troisième marche du podium, à plus de 30 secondes des Mercedes. Seizième sur la grille de départ et très rapide au volant de sa Red Bull RB13, Daniel Ricciardo, auteur du meilleur tour en fin d'épreuve, effectue plusieurs dépassements tranchants, le dernier sur Kimi Räikkönen en bout de ligne droite au quarantième tour, pour prendre la quatrième place. Parti du troisième rang sur la grille et auteur d'un excellent départ qui lui permet d'être deuxième au premier virage, Esteban Ocon contient jusqu'au bout les Williams FW40 de Lance Stroll et Felipe Massa pour se classer sixième. Sergio Pérez finit juste derrière eux, au neuvième rang alors que Max Verstappen, repoussé loin du peloton après un accrochage et une crevaison au premier tour, remonte à la dixième place, à un tour du vainqueur.

Hamilton s'empare, pour la première fois de la saison, de la tête du championnat avec 238 points et devance Vettel de 3 points (235 points) ; suivent Bottas (197 points), Ricciardo (144 points), Räikkönen (138 points), Verstappen (68 points) et Pérez (58 points). Mercedes, avec 435 points, conserve la tête du championnat devant Ferrari (373 points) et Red Bull Racing (212 points) ; suivent Force India (113 points), Williams (55 points), Scuderia Toro Rosso (40 points), Haas (35 points), Renault (34 points), McLaren (11 points) et Sauber (5 points).

Pneus disponibles

Essais libres

Première séance, le vendredi de 10 h à 11 h 30

Deuxième séance, le vendredi de 14 h à 15 h 30

Troisième séance, le samedi de 11 h à 12 h

De fortes précipitations noient le circuit de Monza et la piste n'est pas ouverte pour ces troisièmes essais libres avant les seize dernières minutes de la séance. Sur un tracé inondé, et chaussés de pneus pluie (marquage bleu), sept pilotes seulement bouclent un tour complet, les autres se contentant de simples tours de reconnaissance achevés en reprenant la voie des stands sans passer par la ligne de chronométrage.

Séance de qualifications

Résultats des qualifications

Grille de départ
Initialement non-qualifié après son accident durant la première phase des qualifications, Romain Grosjean est autorisé à prendre le départ depuis la  et dernière place de la grille.
Fernando Alonso, auteur du treizième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de 35 places sur la grille de départ après le changement de différents éléments de son groupe propulseur ; il s'élance de la  place à la suite du repêchage de Grosjean.
Stoffel Vandoorne, auteur du dixième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de 25 places sur la grille de départ en raison de l'installation de ses dixièmes MGU-H et turbocompresseur et de ses septièmes MGU-K et moteur à combustion interne ; il s'élance finalement de la  place.
Jolyon Palmer, auteur du dix-septième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de quinze places ; il part finalement du  rang.
Daniel Ricciardo, auteur du troisième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de 25 places sur la grille de départ après le changement de son groupe propulseur et de sa boîte de vitesses ; il s'élance finalement de la  place.
 Carlos Sainz, auteur du quinzième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de 10 places sur la grille de départ ; à la suite des diverses autres pénalisations, il s'élance de la  place.
Nico Hülkenberg, auteur du douzième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de dix places ; il s'élance finalement de la  place.
Max Verstappen, auteur du deuxième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de quinze places ; il part finalement du  rang sur la grille.
Sergio Pérez, auteur du onzième temps, est pénalisé d'un recul de cinq places ; il part finalement du  rang sur la grille.

Course

Classement de la course

Pole position et record du tour
 Pole position :  Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) en 1 min 35 s 554 ().
 Meilleur tour en course :  Daniel Ricciardo (Red Bull-TAG Heuer) en  1 min 23 s 361 () au quarante-neuvième tour.

Tours en tête
  Lewis Hamilton : 51 tours (1-31 / 34-53).
  Valtteri Bottas : 2 tours (32-33).

Classements généraux à l'issue de la course

Statistiques

Le Grand Prix d'Italie 2017 représente :
 la  pole position de Lewis Hamilton, ce qui constitue un nouveau record en Formule 1 ;
 la  victoire de Lewis Hamilton ;
 la  victoire de Mercedes en tant que constructeur ;
 la  victoire de Mercedes en tant que motoriste ;
Le  doublé de l'écurie Mercedes Grand Prix.

Au cours de ce Grand Prix :
 Lance Stroll devient le plus jeune pilote de Formule 1 à se qualifier sur la première ligne de la grille de départ d'un Grand Prix. Il bat de 23 jours le précédent record qui appartenait à Sebastian Vettel. Le Canadien, auteur du quatrième temps des qualifications, part deuxième à la suite des pénalisations des pilotes Red Bull Racing qui le précédaient.
 Valtteri Bottas passe la barre des 600 points inscrits en Formule 1 (608 points) ;
 Daniel Ricciardo est élu « Pilote du jour » lors d'un vote organisé sur le site officiel de la Formule 1 ;
 Emanuele Pirro (37 départs en Grands Prix de Formule 1, 3 points inscrits entre 1989 et 1991 et quintuple vainqueur des 24 Heures du Mans en 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006 et 2007) est nommé conseiller auprès des commissaires de course par la FIA pour les aider dans leurs jugements.

Notes et références

Lien externe

2017
Sport en Italie en 2017
Italie
Sport en septembre 2017

Grand Prix automobile d'Italie 2017


"Fast as You" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam.  It was released in October 1993 as the third single from his album This Time.  Like his previous two singles, this song topped out at #2 in the United States, while it peaked at #5 in Canada. This is his last American top 10 hit to date, while he'd have three more in Canada, including another number-one. This is also his second single to enter the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #70 on that chart.

Country music duo Steel Magnolia recorded a live version of the song, which is included in their 2010 extended play, Steel Magnolia — EP. Trio Runaway June also recorded a cover of the song, which appears on their self-titled 2018 EP and their debut album Blue Roses.

Music video
The music video was directed by Dwight Yoakam and Carolyn Mayer. It features Yoakam singing the song at a concert.

Chart performance
"Fast as You" debuted at number 72 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 3, 1993.

Year-end charts

References

1993 singles
1993 songs
Dwight Yoakam songs
Steel Magnolia songs
Runaway June songs
Songs written by Dwight Yoakam
Reprise Records singles
Song recordings produced by Pete Anderson

Fast as You


Mir Khasim Ali born in Hyderabad, A.P. was India's Men's Singles Champion in table tennis from 1968 to 1969. He was awarded the Arjuna award.

Career

Ali began playing table tennis in 1960 at the age of 11.  He was the National Junior Champion in 1963, the National Senior Champion in 1968 and 1969, runner-up in the Commonwealth Championships of the Afro-Asian Championships in 1971 and a member of the Indian T.T. team from 1966 to 1973.

His first trip abroad representing India was to East Africa in 1966.  Also in 1966 in Sri Lanka (Ceylon as it was then called) where the South Zone Inter-University Championships were held. Khasim represented Osmania University, which lost in the finals to Bombay University, thanks to U.S. Gurjar who pulled off an upset win over Khasim.

Gurjar repeated the feat in the Madras Nationals in December 1966. He was National Champion in 1968 and 1969 and runner-up in 1970.  In 1971 he met Zhou Enlai and was present during the Ping Pong Diplomacy between China and the United States.  During his heyday, Andhra Pradesh reached the finals of the National team events on nine occasions, winning the title once, and until 1973 he was an automatic choice in the Indian team.

External links
V. BALAJI - Souvenir of the Mir Khasim Ali Table Tennis Benefit Tournament, April 1985, by Iqbal Ali

Khasim
Recipients of the Arjuna Award
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

Mir Khasim Ali


Miedniewice (prononciation : ) est un village polonais de la gmina de Wiskitki dans le powiat de Żyrardów de la voïvodie de Mazovie dans le centre-est de la Pologne.

Il se situe à environ 7 kilomètres à l'ouest de Wiskitki (siège de la gmina), 10 kilomètres à l'ouest de Żyrardów (siège de la Powiat) et à 50 kilomètres à l'ouest de Varsovie (capitale de la Pologne).

Le village possède approximativement une population de 515 habitants.

Histoire
De 1975 à 1998, le village appartenait administrativement à la voïvodie de Skierniewice.

Références

Village dans la voïvodie de Mazovie
Powiat de Żyrardów

Miedniewice (Mazovie)


Jennifer Ferrin (Lawrenceville, 25 februari 1979) is een actrice die in de Verenigde Staten bekend werd door de rol van Jennifer Munson in de soapserie As the World Turns. Ze speelde deze rol van 2003 tot en met 2006.

In 2007 speelde Jennifer Ferrin een gastrol in de televisie-serie The Kill Point als Chloe.

Carrière

Vaste Rollen
 As the World Turns - Jennifer Munson (2003-2006)

Gastrollen
 Dawson's Creek - Betsie (2002)
 The Locket - Esther (2002)
 Rescue Me - Sara (2006)
 3Lbs - Penny Marx (2006)
 The Kill Point - Chloe (2007)
 Life on Mars - Ruth Tyler (2008)
 The Blacklist - Anna McMahon (2019)

Amerikaans acteur

Jennifer Ferrin


Рамсен има више значења:
 Рамсен (Ајова)
 Рамсен (Њујорк)

Рамсен


Affassallat bezeichnet:
 Affassallat (Inselgruppe, bei Kangaamiut), Inselgruppe im Distrikt Maniitsoq, Grönland
 Affassallat (Inselgruppe, bei Maniitsoq), Inselgruppe im Distrikt Maniitsoq, Grönland

Affassallat


Hamdi Qandil ( Ḥamdī Qandīl, also Romanized Qandeel or Kandil; 1936 – 31 October 2018) was a prominent Egyptian journalist, news anchor, talk show host and activist. Qandil started his journalism career in the 1950s when he wrote for the Akher Sa'a ("Last Hour") magazine at the invitation of veteran journalist Mustafa Amin. In 1961 he began broadcasting a news show called Aqwal al-Suhuf ("In the Press") until 1969 when he was appointed director of the Arab Broadcasting Studios Union. In 1971 he left his post in protest at a government inspection of his technical staff. He later worked with UNESCO from 1974 to 1986, specializing in the field of international media. In 1987 he co-founded a satellite broadcasting company that later became known as MBC, where he worked for three months before leaving because of political differences with its management. Qandil briefly presented the show Ma'a Hamdi Qandil ("With Hamdi Qandil") for ART, but left amid disagreements between him and his managers regarding Qandil's planned interviews with Muammar Gaddafi and Tariq Aziz.

He returned to Egyptian television in 1998, hosting the current affairs and press review talk show Ra'is el-Tahrir ("Editor-in-Chief"). The program became one of the most popular and respected in Egypt. After apparent trouble with the state censors, Qandil moved the show to Dubai TV in 2004 under the name Qalam Rosas ("Pencil"). The new program was highly watched throughout the Arab world. He was forced to quit Dubai TV after criticizing Arab governments and subsequently hosted the show on the Libyan channel Al-Libiya for two months before the Libyan government cancelled it. He returned to Egypt and wrote for the Al-Masry Al-Youm newspaper and then Al-Shorouk, but his association with the latter ended as a result of a libel suit brought on by then-Egyptian foreign minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit in response to a column critical of Egyptian foreign policy written by Qandil in May 2010. The case was later dropped following the 2011 Egyptian Revolution.

Qandil was well known for his pan-Arabist discourse and fierce criticism of the Egyptian and other Arab governments.  According to Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies political analyst Diaa Rashwan, Qandil "is a great Egyptian journalist and highly credible, he is bold and gives constructive criticism ... people listen to him and take what he says seriously, which is why he poses a threat" to the government. Prior to the Egyptian revolution, Qandil co-founded the National Association for Change, a reformist group headed by Mohamed ElBaradei. From September 2012, Qandil had lent his support to the Egyptian Popular Current opposition movement.

Early life

Childhood
Qandil was born in Cairo in 1936 to a father from Menoufia. He was the eldest of five children. Qandil spent much of his childhood and had his primary schooling in the Nile Delta city of Tanta. His father had moved the middle-income family to that city, where he owned a few feddans of land mostly planted with pears and grapes. Qandil's father primarily distributed them to neighbors and others close to him.

During Qandil's boyhood, he borrowed and read books from a medical practice and a culture and sporting association in Tanta on a near weekly basis. He also learned field hockey there. Qandil was at the top of his class throughout his later school years and initially sought to enter the medical profession, a typical career aspiration for students with high marks. His mother particularly encouraged him to become a doctor. Qandil simultaneously took an interest in writing, Arabic calligraphy and foreign languages.

Journalism career and education
Qandil was introduced to journalism when he began writing a secondary school research paper. During that time, he also wrote an article for the low-budget Tanta newspaper Al Ikhlas, criticizing King Farouk for spending one million pounds from the treasury to purchase a yacht called the "Mahrousa". He was fired soon after, but had since grown fond of journalism. Due to this new interest and his father's increasingly poor health, Qandil did not complete the first stage of his medical studies, causing his 1952 application to medical school to be rejected. He instead enrolled in the department of geology at Alexandria University. In July of that year, King Farouk was overthrown by a group of dissenting officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser, leading to the subsequent establishment of a republican system under the presidency of leading officer Muhammad Naguib.

Qandil spent two months studying geology and decided to retake his high school examinations in order to enter into medical school. He performed well and was admitted to Cairo University's Qasr El-Ainy Faculty of Medicine in 1953. He continued in his studies until 1956, by which time Nasser had become president. During this period he also joined the National Guard. Together with some of his fellow students he founded his college's official magazine, which they printed through the Akhbar el-Yom publishing house. The magazine's first edition was confiscated due to an article Qandil wrote that was critical of university professors and regulations. Shortly after completing his final exams in 1956, Qandil was offered a writing position with Akher Sa'a ("Last Hour") magazine by its owners, the prominent journalists and brothers Mustafa Amin and Ali Amin. Mustafa employed Qandil with a salary of 15 Egyptian pounds and initially tasked him with writing the horoscope and a column that responded to letters from readers. Qandil was asked by Amin to serve as an editor for Akher Sa'a in 1961.

That year Qandil also attended the International Union of Students in Prague, Czechoslovakia, where he met Yasser Arafat, then the head of the General Union of Palestinian Students. Later in 1956 Qandil was accepted into the department of journalism, obtaining a license (bachelor's degree) in journalism in 1960. Four years later he received a diploma in journalism from the Berlin Institute. Throughout this period he wrote for the magazine Al-Tahrir, earning a salary of 25 Egyptian pounds, and also worked with Al-Jamahir magazine in Damascus.

Career in television and the UN
In 1961 Qandil began to work in broadcast television as the presenter of the program Aqwal al-Suhf ("In the Press"). In 1966 he became a media adviser to a television studio in Jordan, a role which ended after six weeks; the single broadcast of Aqwal al-Suhuf in Jordan was met with consternation from the Jordanian royal government and after Qandil was notified of this disapproval, he immediately returned to Egypt where he continued presenting the program. His position in Aqwal al-Suhuf ended in 1969 with his appointment as director of the Arab Broadcasting Stations Union (ABSU).

In early May 1971 Qandil left the ABSU after refusing to launch a disciplinary investigation of the technical team that recorded the Labor Day speech given by Anwar Sadat, who became president following Nasser's death in 1970. He left at a time when numerous broadcasters and media personalities were removed from their positions during Sadat's Corrective Revolution. However, he briefly returned to television in 1973 to announce Egypt's claimed victory in the Yom Kippur War with Israel in October of that year.

Qandil was appointed manager of the Department of the Free Flow of Information and Communication Policies for UNESCO in 1974. In an interview with Al-Ahram Weekly, Qandil stated that while at UNESCO he "specialised in satellite communications and published several books and studies" dealing with global media and broadcasting. During this time he strongly pushed to include Palestine as a member and attempted to remove the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore from the organization. According to his own account, he was also able to master the English and French languages, and gain experience in diplomacy. He left UNESCO in 1986.

Together with partners from Egypt and the Arab world, Qandil co-founded the Eastern Satellite Communications Company in 1987. Its main purpose was to serve broadcasting station that would target Arabic-speaking communities in the Western world and to counter what Qandil perceived as Western bias in global media. However, in 1992, as a result of financial difficulties the company was sold and subsequently became the Middle East Broadcasting Center (MBC). Qandil worked at MBC for roughly three months until he quit, citing political differences with the station's managers, who considered him a Nasserist. That same year, he was offered to host his own show at Arab Radio and Television (ART), but initially opted to work on a project setting up a private Egyptian station for Al-Ahram. The station was not launched and Qandil took up a position at ART in 1996 where he hosted his own show called With Hamdi Qandil. Qandil's arrangements to interview Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi on the anniversary of the 1969 coup that brought him to power, and also Tariq Aziz, the vice president of Iraq at the time, aroused controversy among ART's managers. He quit thereafter.

Ra'is el-Tahrir and Qalam Rosas
In 1998 Qandil responded favorably to the invitation of Safwat El-Sherif, the Information Minister in Hosni Mubarak's government, to return to Egyptian television. In March his program Ra'is el-Tahrir ("Editor-in-Chief") began airing. Qandil stated he returned to Egyptian television because he felt he owed "a debt of gratitude to the institution that built my fame when I was in my twenties. Also, working in Egypt is more immediately rewarding than anywhere else." With the relaxation of media restrictions during this period, Ra'is el-Tahrir became one of the most popular and respected television programs in Egypt. Describing the relative freedom afforded to the media, Qandil stated in 2001 that the situation was an improvement from when he first began the program, but "as long as there remains a censor, we will continue to ask for more [freedom of expression]."

Ra'is el-Tahrir was intended to serve as a weekly review of the pan-Arab press, but in practice the program became a medium through which Qandil expressed his opinions on various issues confronting Egypt and the Arab world, views which he claimed were representative of the popular Egyptian sentiment. Al-Ahram Weekly′s Amina Elbandary wrote that during the show, Qandil spoke "in histrionic style, his commentary replete with daring questions and remarks. Viewers are fascinated by his apparent lack of inhibition."

In the wake of the Second Intifada, the Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation that began in 2000, the show became dominated by the conflict, which Qandil generally regarded as a campaign of Israeli aggression. He frequently broadcast the Israeli military's actions during the Intifada and called for viewers to support the uprising and boycott Israeli products. Qandil responded to a query regarding his extensive coverage of the Intifada by saying, "How are news shows expected to react to events such as the Intifada? Are we supposed to keep silent?"

Ra'is el-Tahrir later moved to Dream TV, an Egypt-based television station. Qandil continued to express his frustrations regarding the Israel and the Intifada, the run-up to the invasion of Iraq, and what he perceived as the United States' maligned intentions for the Middle East. According to author and researcher Andrew Hammond, "The show's combination of current affairs, press reviews and talk-shows became the most talked-about television in Egypt since Al-Jazeera's al-Ittijah al-Mu'akis." His show on Dream TV was cancelled abruptly in early 2003 amid rumors that he had been crossing political red lines during his broadcasts, including stinging criticism of the government of Hosni Mubarak. This reasoning was dismissed by Dream TV manager Sanaa Mansour, who stated that Qandil had not been let go, was free to express himself and left the show without offering an explanation to management.

In 2004 Qandil moved to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) began hosting a program on Dubai TV called Qalam Rosas ("Pencil"). The program was virtually a continuation of Ra'is al-Tahrir, a highly watched show dealing with the Arab world's major political, economic and social affairs of the day. Qalam Rosas would normally open with Qandil interviewing an Arab intellectual and discussing a current event. The show would then continue to a round table discussion with other journalists analyzing various social and political events and movements concerning the citizens of the Arab world. At its closing, Qandil would summarize the show with a well-known maxim or saying. The London-based Arab Media Watch organization awarded Qandil the 2006 Media Accomplishment Award to commend him for his "creativity and participation in the media world" over the course of his five decade career. In 2008 Qandil was forced to leave Dubai TV for criticizing Arab leaders, while commending Hassan Nasrallah, the secretary-general of the Lebanese political party and paramilitary group Hezbollah.

After his departure from Dubai TV he entered into a contract with Al-Libia, although he only remained with the Libyan channel for two months. Qandil's show was cancelled when the state-owned Al Jamahiriya Radio's General Authority took control of the channel. There was no official reason for the cancellation, but Qandil stated it was because of  "instructions from high-ranking Libyan officials due to pressures from Egypt". He was reportedly offered to present Qalam Rosas on the Hezbollah-linked Al-Manar TV in early 2009, but opted not to join citing an unclear situation regarding his contract with Al-Libia.

Political activism and Aboul Gheit lawsuit
After his brief stint on Al-Libia, Qandil returned to Egypt to write for the newspaper Al-Masry Al-Youm in 2008 and later began writing for Al-Shorouk. He co-founded and served as the media spokesman for National Association for Change (NAC) headed by Mohamed ElBaradei in early 2010. The NAC's stated purpose is push for democratic and other reforms in Egypt. In May Egyptian foreign minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit brought a lawsuit for libel against Qandil in response to a critical column about Aboul Gheit and Egyptian foreign policy that Qandil wrote for Al-Shorouk, called "The Homeland’s Disgrace and that of the Citizen." In the column Qandil lambasted the contradictory statements made by Aboul Gheit and Egypt's ambassador to Israel, in which the latter said Israel was a friendly state, while Aboul Gheit had just previously stated that Israel was an enemy. Qandil wrote that the ambassador sought to cover up Aboul Gheit's statement, and that Aboul Gheit's words "usually ... fall from his mouth like droppings of a torn rubbish bag". The matter was transferred to the criminal court. His relationship with Al-Shorouk consequently ended as a result of the controversy.

In June 2010 Qandil quit his position as the NAC's media spokesman. He did not give an official reason for resigning, but was reportedly upset that ElBaradei was frequently outside of Egypt. In mid-December Qandil appeared in court and his defense team, which included his brother Assem and Gamal Eid requested that the "biased" court quit and that the case be transferred to a civil jurisdiction. On 24 January 2011 the court refused the referral and also refused to summon Aboul Gheit at the request of Qandil's defense team. On 25 January mass demonstrations demanding President Hosni Mubarak's downfall erupted across Egypt, eventually overthrowing the government, including Aboul Gheit, on 11 February. In April Aboul Gheit dropped the lawsuit. According to Hafez Abu Seada of the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights, the revolution was the clear reason Aboul Gheit withdrew the suit, and had it not occurred, "the court could have handed [Qandil] a prison sentence."

Political views
Qandil described himself as a supporter of Nasserism, which he defined not as a political affiliation, but rather an ideal of "social justice" and "national liberation" that "goes beyond generation and class". He did not join any of Egypt's Nasserist political parties or organizations, but viewed the era of late president Nasser as a period in which his "generation was taught self-respect, national pride and the courage to stand up against the great powers". Qandil was described by Hammond as a "secular-nationalist ... embodying the 'conscience of the Arab nation'".

In a 1999 interview Qandil stated his view that the pan-Arab media was not able to counter what he perceived as the influence of Zionism in American media and that the state of Arab media reflected the state of stagnation in the Arab world in general. Qandil was vociferously opposed to United States foreign policy in the Middle East. He referred to the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 as the "biggest modern disaster for the Arabs since 1948," the year in which the newly established state of Israel defeated a coalition of Arab armies, causing a mass exodus of Palestinians from their homes.

Qandil supported the 2011 Egyptian revolution and called for Mubarak to step down from the start of the protests. In a lecture to students from the American University of Cairo in early March 2011, Qandil hailed the young protesters who started the revolution as "brave" and expressed hope that it would open an era of democracy and press freedom in Egypt. During the 2012 Egyptian presidential election, Qandil endorsed Nasserist candidate Hamdeen Sabahi after the Revolutionary Youth Coalition (RYC) announced their support for him. In late September 2012, during the post-revolution period in Egypt during Mohamed Morsi's presidency, Qandil announced his support for the Egyptian Popular Current movement founded by Sabahi. At the inaugural conference, Qandil stated that "a major political battle" would soon be launched for the next parliamentary elections and that Egypt's diverse make-up could never be changed.

Personal life and Death
Qandil met and married Egyptian actress Naglaa Fathi in 1992. He was married twice before. Fathi said of Qandil "He is the first man who has fascinated me. It is not easy to bewitch me, but he did. I feel like a student when I'm with him: I discover new qualities in him every day," while Qandil said he felt an "immediate chemical bond" with Naglaa.

Qandil died on 31 October 2018 after a long illness, aged 82.

References

Bibliography

1936 births
2018 deaths
Alexandria University alumni
Cairo University alumni
Egyptian activists
Egyptian Arab nationalists
Egyptian dissidents
Egyptian journalists
Egyptian revolutionaries
Egyptian socialists
Egyptian television presenters
Nasserists
Mass media people from Cairo
People from Tanta
People of the Egyptian revolution of 2011

Hamdi Qandil


The Faro Pentatuch is the first printed book published in Portugal, printed in 1487.

It was printed in Hebrew, and published by a Jew, Samuel Gacon in Faro, in southern Portugal, after he had fled from the Spanish Inquisition.

The only surviving copy is in the British Library in London.

See also
 Hebrew incunabula

References

Incunabula

Faro Pentatuch


A Rafufa vagy magyarul királymókus a mókusfélék (Sciuridae) családján belül a királymókusformák alcsaládjának egyetlen neme, melyhez négy faj tartozik.

Előfordulásuk

A Rafufa nem fajai Dél- és Délkelet-Ázsiában fordulnak elő.

Fajok

A Ratufa nemnek 4 ma élő faja van:

szundai királymókus (Ratufa affinis) Raffles, 1821
kétszínű királymókus (Ratufa bicolor) Sparrman, 1778
indiai királymókus (Ratufa indica) Erxleben, 1777 - típusfaj
hosszúfarkú királymókus (Ratufa macroura) Pennant, 1769

Források
ITIS szerinti rendszerbesorolás
Mammal Species of the World. Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).

Emlősnemek
Ázsia emlősei
Mókusfélék
Rágcsálónemzetségek, nemek

Ratufa


Johannes Wagner (* 9. Dezember 1914 in Falkenstein; † 15. Juli 1980 ebenda) war ein autodidaktischer deutscher Maler und Kunsthandwerker mit regionaler Bedeutung für das Vogtland.

Leben und Werk
Johannes Wagner war das sechste Kind einer Arbeiterfamilie. Nach dem Besuch der Grundschule in Falkenstein machte er in Chemnitz eine Lehre als Dekorateur und Gebrauchswerber im Kaufhaus Schocken. Er zeigte schon als Kind malerisches Talent und Interesse und betätigte sich seitdem als Autodidakt künstlerisch. Ein Kunststudium kam aus finanziellen Gründen nicht in Frage. Wagner wurde zum Arbeitsdienst in Preußen und zum Wehrdienst in der Wehrmacht in Meißen einberufen. Ab 1939 nahm er als Soldat am Zweiten Weltkrieg teil. 1945 geriet er in US-amerikanische Gefangenschaft. Während des Krieges in Polen, Frankreich und der Sowjetunion sowie in der Kriegsgefangenschaft betätigte er sich weiter künstlerisch.

1945 kam Wagner nach Falkenstein zurück. Er arbeitete als freischaffender Kunsthandwerker und Künstler und verdiente den Lebensunterhalt mühsam mit dem Schnitzen von Figuren, Tellern und Leuchtern sowie dem Malen von Kino- und Werbeplakaten für Geschäfte, Schaufensterdekorationen und Transparenten sowie Aushängen für die sowjetische Kommandantur und örtliche Organe.

1952 wurde Wagner in den Verband Bildender Künstler der DDR aufgenommen. Damit erhielt er die Möglichkeit zum Erwerb hochwertiger Ölfarben. „Nach und nach entwickelte er seine typische pastose Malweise, bei der Ölfarbe im zähflüssigen Zustand mit Spachtel oder Pinsel so dick aufgetragen wird, dass die Farben reliefartig auf dem Malgrund stehen. Also eine typische Malweise der Impressionisten.“ Er schuf  mit Vorliebe kleinformatige Ölbilder.

In den 1950er Jahren unternahm Wagner Reisen in die Bundesrepublik, nach Österreich und in die Schweiz, nach dem Bau der Mauer nach Ungarn, in die ČSSR und die Sowjetunion. Dabei schuf er eine Vielzahl von Skizzen, die er danach in Aquarelle und Ölgemälde umsetzte. Seit den 1960er Jahren erhielt Wagner Aufträge von Institutionen und Betrieben, insbesondere für großflächige Wandbilder, Fresken, Mosaik- und Metallarbeiten. Es entstanden Werke u. a. in den Bahnhofshallen Falkenstein und Adorf, in Schulen (darunter in Rothenkirchen, Auerbach und Bad Elster), in Kirchen und Ferienheimen, im Kulturhaus Beerheide und in der Sternwarte Rodewisch, die zumeist nicht mehr existieren. Zum Malen begab sich Wagner auf Großbaustellen seiner vogtländischen Heimat, u. a. zu den Talsperren Pöhl und Falkenstein. Er leitete mehrere Malzirkel in Betrieben und beim Kulturbund der DDR in Auerbach und Klingenthal. Wagner war an mehreren lokalen und regionalen Ausstellungen beteiligt, u. a. 1974 und 1979 an den Bezirkskunstausstellungen Karl-Marx-Stadt.

Wagner hat speziell im Vogtland regionale Bedeutung. Das Vogtlandmuseum Plauen zeigt drei seiner Bilder in der ständigen Vogtländischen Kunstausstellung.

Postume Ausstellung

 2015: Falkenstein, Galerie im Falkensteiner Schloss (zum 100. Geburtstag)

Literatur

 Dietmar Eisold: Lexikon Künstler in der DDR. Neues Leben, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-355-01761-9, S. 993.

Weblinks

 Johannes Wagner. beim Kunstförderverein falkart e.V.

Einzelnachweise

Maler (Deutschland)
Kunsthandwerker (Deutschland)
Deutscher
Geboren 1914
Gestorben 1980
Mann

Johannes Wagner (Maler)


The North Berwick Golf Club (NBGC), at North Berwick, East Lothian, was founded in 1832. It is the 13th oldest golf club in the world and only St Andrews hosts a club which has played continuously over the same course for longer. Although the NBGC was the first club in the world to allow female members, full membership rights were only granted to ladies in 2005. The club is based at the North Berwick West Links golf course.

The West Links Course at North Berwick is a true links course located on the edge of the Firth of Forth.  It is a championship course that has hosted many events over the years, including Final Qualifying for The Open Championship and the men's and women's Amateur Championships. Golf has been played over the historic West Links course since the 17th century. The 15th hole on the West Links, known as Redan, has been replicated at many courses around the world, with architects Charles B. Macdonald and Seth Raynor being most associated with the design.

Course Layout

References

Golf clubs and courses in East Lothian
Sports clubs established in 1832
1832 establishments in Scotland
North Berwick

North Berwick Golf Club


The Cos Cob art colony was a group of artists, many of them American Impressionists, who gathered during the summer months in and around Cos Cob, a section of Greenwich, Connecticut, from about 1890 to about 1920.

In a joking reference to their predilection for painting views of the vernacular architecture, group member Childe Hassam nicknamed the art colony "the Cos Cob Clapboard School of Art."

History
Artists had been coming to Greenwich to paint since the 1870s, but the art colony began to form when John Henry Twachtman settled in Greenwich in 1889.  The town was only a short train ride from New York City, yet retained a rural character that appealed to artists. Many of Twachtman's friends came to visit him at his home; among them were Hassam, J. Alden Weir, Theodore Robinson, Henry Fitch Taylor, and Robert Reid.  For longer stays, they boarded at the Holley House (now known as the Bush-Holley House), a rambling old saltbox overlooking Cos Cob's small harbor.

During the winter, Twachtman and Weir taught at the Art Students League of New York.  Probably beginning in 1890, Twachtman established summer art classes in Cos Cob; Weir taught with him in 1892 and 1893.  Many of the summer students were enrolled at the Art Students League.  Among the artists who first visited Cos Cob as summer students were Elmer Livingston MacRae, Ernest Lawson, Allen Tucker, Charles Ebert, Mary Roberts Ebert, Alice Judson, and Genjiro Yeto.

Other artists associated with the Cos Cob art colony include Leonard Ochtman, Mina Fonda Ochtman, Dorothy Ochtman, Edward Clark Potter, Emil Carlsen, George Wharton Edwards, and Kerr Eby.  The art colony also included many writers and editors, including Lincoln Steffens and Willa Cather.

Members of the Cos Cob art colony were deeply involved in organizing the Armory Show, the exhibition that in 1913 introduced modernist European art to a vast American audience.  The art colony formed its own hometown organization in 1911.  The Greenwich Society of Artists (now the Greenwich Art Society) held its first exhibition in 1912 at the Bruce Museum, which opened to the public for the first time on that occasion.

See also
Art colony

References

Sources

Notes

External links
Connecticut Impressionist Art Trail
Greenwich Historical Society
Bruce Museum
Greenwich Art Society

American artist groups and collectives
Artist colonies
American art movements
American Impressionism
Cultural history of the United States
Greenwich, Connecticut
Connecticut culture

Cos Cob art colony


Anomalipes zhaoi (meaning "Zhao Xijin's unusual foot") is an extinct caenagnathid dinosaur discovered in China. It lived during the Campanian-aged (Late Cretaceous period) Wangshi Group in China. It is the only species in the genus Anomalipes.

Discovery
The remains of Anomalipes were discovered within a Shantungosaurus bonebed at the Kugou locality.
The holotype (ZCDM V0020, housed at Zhucheng Dinosaur Museum, Zhucheng, Shandong) is an incomplete left hind-limb, including a partial left thigh, shin and shank, a complete metatarsal III and two toe bones.

Etymology
Anomalipes is derived from the Latin anomalus (peculiar, abnormal, not easily classified) and pes (foot), referring to the unusual shape of its foot. The species epithet, zhaoi, was named in honour of Zhao Xijin.

See also
2018 in archosaur paleontology
 Timeline of oviraptorosaur research

References

Fossil taxa described in 2018
Dinosaurs of Asia
Caenagnathids

Anomalipes