Published: January 23, 2021, 9:20 AM
Tags: Phil Foden, Sports, Kyle Walker, Ilkay Gundogan, Pep Guardiola, Mikel Arteta, Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, Joao Cancelo, Gabriel Jesus, Kyle Walker-Peters
FA Cup holder Arsenal eliminated, Man City survives scare
Published: January 23, 2021, 9:20 AM Updated: January 23, 2021, 6:28 PM
PA Wire
Arsenal's Nicolas Pepe, center, battles for the ball with Southampton's James Ward-Prowse, left, and Stuart Armstrong during the Emirates FA Cup fourth round soccer match at St. Mary's Stadium, Southampton, England, Saturday Jan. 23, 2021. (Catherine Ivill/PA via AP)
SOUTHAMPTON – Last season’s FA Cup winner Arsenal was eliminated from the competition in the fourth round on Saturday thanks to Gabriel’s own-goal in a 1-0 loss to Southampton, while Manchester City survived a scare to beat fourth-tier Cheltenham 3-1.
In an otherwise close game, Gabriel's decision to try to block a shot from Kyle Walker-Peters proved decisive for Arsenal losing its hold on the cup.
Right-back Walker-Peters was allowed plenty of space to overlap the Arsenal defense, but his shot looked to be heading narrowly wide of the far post before Gabriel's failed attempt deflected the ball off the post and in. It was the first goal Arsenal had conceded since Dec. 26 after five consecutive shutouts.
"I’m very disappointed because we wanted to continue in the competition, we had a dream to do it again like last year and the dream today is over,” Arsenal manager Mikel Arteta said.
“I am as well disappointed with the way we conceded the goal in an area where we know we shouldn’t be doing that," he added. "At the same time, I cannot fault the effort of the players, how they tried and how they went to get a goal in the second half.”
Arsenal has won the FA Cup a record 14 times and Arteta before kickoff called it “our favorite competition.” Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang scored both of the team's goals in the 2-1 win over Chelsea in last year's final, but he wasn't available Saturday due to what Arteta called “a personal matter.” Arteta said he couldn't yet predict when Aubameyang might return.
Southampton moves on to a fifth-round game away at Wolverhampton, which beat sixth-tier Chorley on Friday.
CITY UNDER PRESSURE
Cheltenham came close to one of the biggest shocks in the 150-year history of the FA Cup before Pep Guardiola's City team scored three late goals.
A long throw-in from Cheltenham captain Ben Tozer caused a mix-up in the City defense and Alfie May seized on a deflection to stab the ball into the net.
In the 81st minute City finally pulled level as Phil Foden met Joao Cancelo's cross at the far post and knocked the ball into the net. Gabriel Jesus scored City's second three minutes later to avoid extra time, though his goal may have been deemed offside if the video review system — not used in cup games at non-Premier League stadiums — had been in operation.
Ferran Torres added a third in stoppage time to ensure City moves on to play Swansea in the fifth round.
“We learned to suffer and at the end the quality made the difference. We won the game and we are happy to win this game in this type of competition," Guardiola said. “We knew how tough it would be and the response from the players was magnificent.”
City had been brilliantly denied an opener after 12 minutes. Tommy Doyle’s cross was half cleared to Benjamin Mendy and the defender’s angled rocket was cleverly — and bravely -- cleared off the line for a corner by Tozer.
Guardiola tried to use the game to give his young players experience, but ended up bringing Cancelo, Ruben Dias and Ilkay Gundogan off the bench.
“The players they brought on from the bench probably tells you something, and the way they celebrated the goals probably tells you something as well," Cheltenham manager Michael Duff said. "I think they’ll know they’ve been in a game.”
The game was briefly interrupted in the first half with the score at 0-0 because of a nearby fireworks display in Cheltenham's red and white colors. Even in defeat, Cheltenham's battling performance against one of the world's biggest clubs will likely become part of local folklore.
SHEFFIELD WINS AGAIN
Premier League clubs Brighton, West Ham and Sheffield United all won their fourth-round games against lower-league teams. Brighton edged out third-tier Blackpool 2-1, while West Ham cruised to a 4-0 win over Doncaster. Sheffield didn't win a game in any competition this season until Jan. 9 but has now won three of its last four following Saturday's 2-1 win over Plymouth.
VILLA ON THE RISE
Aston Villa beat Newcastle 2-0 to move within three points of sixth-place Everton in the only Premier League game on Saturday.
Ollie Watkins and Bertrand Traore scored first-half goals for the hosts.
Newcastle lost its fourth straight league game and is in 16th place, increasing the pressure on manager Steve Bruce.


Blog Briefing Room
October 21, 2017 - 01:39 PM EDT
Biden on McCain being intimidated by Trump: 'Give me a break'
By Brandon Carter
Former Vice President Joe Biden said in a new interview that President Trump won't be able to intimidate Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.).
"The idea that Trump is going to intimidate John McCain? Give me a break," Biden told The New York Times.
Biden was asked about the exchange of words between Trump and McCain this week after McCain gave a speech blasting nationalist forces that was seen by many, apparently including the president, as a thinly-veiled attack on Trump.
"People have to careful, because at some point I fight back," Trump told WMAL radio host Chris Plante the following day when asked about McCain. "I'm being very nice. I'm being very, very nice. But at some point I fight back, and it won't be pretty."
McCain, a former prisoner of war, quickly fired back, saying: "I've faced far greater challenges than this."
McCain slammed "half-baked, spurious nationalism" in the United States in his Monday speech.
"To fear the world we have organized and led for three-quarters of a century, to abandon the ideals we have advanced around the globe, to refuse the obligations of international leadership and our duty to remain 'the last best hope of earth' for the sake of some half-baked, spurious nationalism cooked up by people who would rather find scapegoats than solve problems is as unpatriotic as an attachment to any other tired dogma of the past that Americans consigned to the ash heap of history," McCain said after receiving the National Constitution Center's Liberty Medal.
Biden said McCain's speech was, to him, a "message to the country."
"I think he was delivering a message to the country, to his colleagues and to any of the opinion makers that would listen, and that is, 'Look, this is serious stuff, our role in the world is not guaranteed, democracy is not guaranteed, we know how to do this and, damn it, we'd better focus and know what's at stake,'" Biden told the Times.
McCain, who was diagnosed with brain cancer in July, served in the Navy for more than two decades and spent years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam.
Trump has attacked McCain in the past, notably when the senator voted against a GOP bill to repeal and replace ObamaCare.
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Christian Engelmann, Ph.D.
Senior Scientist & Group Leader, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
xSim – The Extreme-scale Simulator
redMPI – A Redundant MPI
Proactive Fault Tolerance Framework
Hybrid Full/Incremental System-level Checkpointing
Symmetric Active/Active High Availability for HPC System Services
2021-…: An Open Federated Architecture for the Laboratory of the Future
2015-…: Resilience Design Patterns: A Structured Approach to Resilience at Extreme Scale
2018-2019: rOpenMP: A Resilient Parallel Programming Model for Heterogeneous Systems
2015-2019: Catalog: Characterizing Faults, Errors, and Failures in Extreme-Scale Systems
2013-16: Hobbes – OS and Runtime Support for Application Composition
2013-16: MCREX – Monte Carlo Resilient Exascale Solvers
2012-14: Hardware/Software Resilience Co-Design Tools for Extreme-scale High-Performance Computing
2011-12: Extreme-scale Algorithms and Software Institute
2009-11: Soft-Error Resilience for Future-Generation High-Performance Computing Systems
2008-11: Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS) for Petascale High-End Computing and Beyond
2008-11: Scalable Algorithms for Petascale Systems with Multicore Architectures
2006-09: Harness Workbench: Unified and Adaptive Access to Diverse HPC Platforms
2006-08: Virtualized System Environments for Petascale Computing and Beyond
2004-07: MOLAR – Modular Linux and Adaptive Runtime Support for High-End Computing
2004-06: Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS) for Terascale Computing
2002-04: Super-Scalable Algorithms for Next-Generation High-Performance Cellular Architectures
2000-05: Harness – Heterogeneous Distributed Computing
Peer-reviewed Journal Papers
Peer-reviewed Conference Papers
Peer-reviewed Workshop Papers
Peer-reviewed Conference Posters
Co-advised Theses
BibTeX Citations
Home > Uncategorized	> About Me
Dr. Christian Engelmann is a Senior Scientist and the Intelligent Systems and Facilities Group Leader at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) largest multiprogram science and technology laboratory with an annual budget of $2.4 billion. He has more than 21 years experience in software research and development for extreme-scale high-performance computing (HPC) systems with a strong funding and publication record. In collaboration with other laboratories and universities, Dr. Engelmann’s research solves computer science challenges in HPC software, such as scalability, dependability, energy efficiency, and portability.
His primary expertise is in HPC resilience, i.e., providing efficiency and correctness in the presence of faults, errors, and failures through avoidance, masking, and recovery. Dr. Engelmann is a leading expert in HPC resilience and was a member of the DOE Technical Council on HPC Resilience 2013-2015. He received the 2015 DOE Early Career Award for research in resilience design patterns for extreme scale HPC. His secondary expertise is in lightweight simulation of future-generation extreme-scale supercomputers with millions of processing units, studying the impact of hardware and software properties on the key HPC system design factors: performance, resilience, and power consumption. Dr. Engelmann is also an expert in system software for parallel and distributed systems.
Dr. Engelmann is leading ORNL’s Intelligent Systems and Facilities Group, which addresses system software challenges for scientific instruments and facilities. The group collaborates with computer, computational, instrument and domain science experts across ORNL, other national laboratories, and universities to foster scientific leadership in smart systems, instruments, and facilities. The group’s research and development connects scientific instruments and facilities with edge and leadership computing capability and provides operational intelligence with machine-in-the-loop feedback. It enables science breakthroughs with autonomous experiments, “self-driving” laboratories, smart manufacturing, and AI-driven design, discovery and evaluation.
Dr. Engelmann earned a Dipl.-Ing. (FH), a German engineering degree and M.Sc. equivalent, in Computer Systems Engineering from the University of Applied Sciences Berlin, Germany, in 2001, a M.Sc. in Computer Science from the University of Reading, UK, also in 2001 as a conjoint degree, and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Reading in 2008. He is a Senior Member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He is also a Member of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) and the Advanced Computing Systems Association (USENIX).
Download the NSF-style 2-page bio. Download the full list of publications. Resume available upon request.
engelmannc@computer.org|engelmannc@ornl.gov
P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6164, USA Tel.:+1 (865) 574-3132
orcid.org/0000-0003-4365-6416
Scopus ID: 18037364000
14 Research grants ($31.57M, 6 as lead investigator): 113 Peer-reviewed articles/papers: 4,478 Publication citations:
6 Current direct reports 13 Journal articles H-index: 33, i10-index: 71
8 Co-advised M.Sc. theses 55 Conference papers Erdős number: 3
4 Mentored summer faculty 45 Workshop papers 173 Committees at 47 conference series
59 Invited talks and seminars 12 Peer-reviewed conference posters 60 Journal article and book proposal reviews
Awards: 2015 US Department of Energy Early Career Research Award
Ongoing Research Activities
2021-…: The Open Federated Architecture for the Laboratory of the Future project connects scientific instruments, robot-controlled laboratories and edge/center computing/data resources to enable autonomous experiments, “self-driving” laboratories, smart manufacturing, and AI-driven design, discovery and evaluation. … more.
2015-…: The Resilience Design Patterns project will increase the ability of scientific applications to reach accurate solutions in a timely and efficient manner. Using a novel design pattern concept, it identifies and evaluates repeatedly occurring resilience problems and coordinates solutions throughout high-performance computing hardware and software. … more.
2021-03-30: DOE Advanced Scientific Computing Research. New Approach to Fault Tolerance Means More Efficient High-Performance Computers.
2021-01-04: HPCwire. What’s New in HPC Research: GPU Lifetimes, the Square Kilometre Array, Support Tickets & More.
2018-11-19: HPCwire. What’s New in HPC Research: Thrill for Big Data, Scaling Resilience and More.
2018-08-05: inside HPC. Characterizing Faults, Errors and Failures in Extreme-Scale Computing Systems.
2015-07-15: ASCR Discovery. Mounting a charge. Early-career awardees attack exascale computing on two fronts: Power and resilience.
2015-07-15: HPC Wire. Tackling Power and Resilience at Exascale.
2012-11-21: ComputerWorld. Supercomputers face growing resilience problems.
5 Most Cited Peer-Reviewed Publications
Symbols: Abstract, Publication, Presentation, BibTeX Citation
A. B. Nagarajan, F. Mueller, C. Engelmann, and S. L. Scott. Proactive Fault Tolerance for HPC with Xen Virtualization. In Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS) 2007, June, 2007. DOI 10.1145/1274971.1274978. Accept. rate 23.6% (29/123). 497 citations.
M. Snir, R. W. Wisniewski, J. A. Abraham, S. V. Adve, S. Bagchi, P. Balaji, J. Belak, P. Bose, F. Cappello, B. Carlson, A. A. Chien, P. Coteus, N. A. Debardeleben, P. Diniz, C. Engelmann, M. Erez, S. Fazzari, A. Geist, R. Gupta, F. Johnson, S. Krishnamoorthy, S. Leyffer, D. Liberty, S. Mitra, T. Munson, R. Schreiber, J. Stearley, and E. V. Hensbergen. Addressing Failures in Exascale Computing. International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications (IJHPCA), volume 28, number 2, May, 2014. DOI 10.1177/1094342014522573. 425 citations.
D. Fiala, F. Mueller, C. Engelmann, K. Ferreira, R. Brightwell, and R. Riesen. Detection and Correction of Silent Data Corruption for Large-Scale High-Performance Computing. In Proceedings of the 25th IEEE/ACM International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) 2012, November, 2012. DOI 10.1109/SC.2012.49. Accept. rate 21.2% (100/472). 342 citations.
C. Wang, F. Mueller, C. Engelmann, and S. L. Scott. Proactive Process-Level Live Migration in HPC Environments. In Proceedings of the 21st IEEE/ACM International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) 2008, November, 2008. DOI 10.1145/1413370.1413414. Accept. rate 21.3% (59/277). 228 citations.
J. Elliott, K. Kharbas, D. Fiala, F. Mueller, K. Ferreira, and C. Engelmann. Combining Partial Redundancy and Checkpointing for HPC. In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) 2012, June, 2012. DOI 10.1109/ICDCS.2012.56. Accept. rate 13.8% (71/515). 187 citations.
5 Most Recent Peer-Reviewed Publications
M. Kumar and C. Engelmann. RDPM: An Extensible Tool for Resilience Design Patterns Modeling. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing (Euro-Par) 2021 Workshops: 14th Workshop on Resiliency in High Performance Computing (Resilience) in Clusters, Clouds, and Grids, August, 2021. Accept. rate 66.7% (4/6).
M. Kumar, S. Gupta, T. Patel, M. Wilder, W. Shi, S. Fu, C. Engelmann, and D. Tiwari. Study of Interconnect Errors, Network Congestion, and Applications Characteristics for Throttle Prediction on a Large Scale HPC System. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing (JPDC), volume 153, July, 2021. DOI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2021.03.001.
S. Hukerikar and C. Engelmann. PLEXUS: A Pattern-Oriented Runtime System Architecture for Resilient Extreme-Scale High-Performance Computing Systems. In Proceedings of the 25th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC) 2020, December, 2020. DOI 10.1109/PRDC50213.2020.00014. Accept. rate 40.9% (18/44).
G. Ostrouchov, D. Maxwell, R. Ashraf, C. Engelmann, M. Shankar, and J. Rogers. GPU Lifetimes on Titan Supercomputer: Survival Analysis and Reliability. In Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) 2020, November, 2020. DOI 10.1109/SC41405.2020.00045. Accept. rate 25.1% (95/378).
M. Kumar and C. Engelmann. Models for Resilience Design Patterns. In Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) Workshops 2020: 10th Workshop on Fault Tolerance for HPC at eXtreme Scale (FTXS) 2020, November, 2020. DOI 10.1109/FTXS51974.2020.00008. Accept. rate 66.7% (6/9).
Copyright © 2010-2022 Christian Engelmann, Ph.D.


Mesoblast Limited Proprietary Stem Cells For Heart Failure Highlighted At Major Cardiology Conference
Australia's regenerative medicine company, Mesoblast Limited (ASX:MSB)(PINK:MBLTY), announced today that the thirteenth patient enrolled in the ongoing Phase 2 clinical trial for congestive heart failure had been safely implanted with the proprietary adult stem cells during a live case at the American Heart Association's annual conference, currently underway in New Orleans.
The procedure was performed by cardiologists from the Texas Heart Institute and broadcast during a satellite symposium titled 'Future Direction of Stem Cells in Cardiovascular Disease'. The annual American Heart Association conference is the premier symposium for American cardiologists.
The multi-centre trial is testing the safety and effectiveness of Revascor(TM), the proprietary allogeneic, or "off-the-shelf", stem cell product being developed for patients with congestive heart failure by Mesoblast's United States-base! d sister company Angioblast Systems Inc.
Revascor! (TM) is delivered to damaged areas of the heart by a minimally invasive cardiac catheterisation procedure performed under local anaesthesia while the patient is awake. Patients undergoing the procedure are released from the hospital within 24 hours.
The placebo-controlled trial will randomise up to 60 patients suffering from congestive heart failure at various sites in the United States, including California, Arizona, Minnesota, and Texas. The first cohort of patients in the trial is expected to be completed by the end of December.
About Heart Failure
Almost six million Americans have congestive heart failure, a progressive form of cardiovascular disease that inhibits the heart from pumping blood throughout the body, with 550,000 new cases diagnosed each year. The extensive morbidity and mortality associated with this disease make it a principal health and economic burden in the Western world. Existing therapies do not result in repair or regenerat! ion of heart muscle. Revascor(TM), a trademark of Angioblast Systems Inc, is being developed to rebuild both blood vessels and heart muscle.
About Mesoblast Limited
Mesoblast Limited (ASX:MSB)(USOTC:MBLTY) is an Australian biotechnology company committed to the development of novel treatments for orthopaedic conditions, including the rapid commercialisation of a unique adult stem cell technology aimed at the regeneration and repair of bone and cartilage. Our focus is to progress through clinical trials and international regulatory processes necessary to commercialise the technology in as short a timeframe as possible.
Mesoblast has the worldwide exclusive rights for a series of patents and technologies that have been developed over more than 10 years and which relate to the identification, extraction and culture of adult Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs). The Company has also acquired a substantial interest in Angioblast Systems Inc, an A! merican company developing the platform MPC technology for the! treatme nt of cardiovascular diseases, including repair and regeneration of blood vessels and heart muscle. Mesoblast and Angioblast are jointly funding and progressing the core technology. Mesoblast's strategy is to maximise shareholder value through both corporate partnerships and the rapid and successful completion of clinical milestones.
Mesoblast Limited


Creators, AFF Will Be In-Person in October!
The Austin Film Festival & Writers Conference will return to an in-person festival and conference for its 28th year.
Celebrate! Writers and filmmakers will once again be able to commune at one of the nation’s best events for creators, the Austin Film Festival. The eight-day festival will take place Oct. 21-28 in Austin, Texas.
AFF will feature four full days of panel conversations and discussions on the art, craft, and business of screenwriting with some of the industry’s biggest names. There will also be eight days of film screenings highlighting some of the best emerging talent and premiere studio films as part of its marquee programming.
For those still unable to travel, AFF will offer a virtual badge, which will include a selection of panels and films recorded at the festival.
AFF has also named Scott Frank as its 2021 Bill Wittliff Award for Screenwriting recipient.
Frank is an Oscar- and Emmy-nominated writer and director whose screenplay credits include Little Man Tate, Dead Again,Get Shorty, Minority Report, The Interpreter, Marley & Me, The Wolverine, Logan, the Netflix limited series Godless (writer/director), and The Queen’s Gambit (writer/director).
Frank will be recognized at the 2021 Awards Luncheon on Saturday, Oct. 23, and will participate in festival and conference programming.
The Festival also announced several conference guests, including Peter Craig (The Batman), Javier Grillo-Marxuach (Lost), Meg LeFauve (Inside Out), and Nicole Perlman (Guardians of the Galaxy). More panelist announcements are sure to come.
You can learn more at the Austin Film Festival website.


Entrepreneurship News
Student team places second at Global Grand Challenges Summit
September 26, 2019 NC State News
A team of NC State engineering students with a goal of making your morning cup of joe more sustainable finished second in a business plan competition at the National Academy of Engineering’s 2019 Global Grand Challenges Summit in London.
The theme for this year’s summit was “Engineering in an unpredictable world,” with a focus on two sub-themes, including one on sustainability as the world’s population increases.
To address that sub-theme, the five students created the business Peak Coffee Processing and developed an affordable treatment process to filter wastewater from coffee production into clean water and fertilizer that can be used by coffee growers to increase crop yields and reduce topsoil erosion.
The NC State team traveled to London for the competition and finished second overall in the competition and first among teams from the United States, receiving a £7,500 prize. There were 16 finalist teams in the competition — five from the United Kingdom, six from the United States and five from China. Other U.S. teams were from Dartmouth University, Oklahoma State University, UC San Diego, University of Southern California and University of Rochester.
The team of five students are: Silvana Alfieri, a senior double-majoring in environmental engineering and environmental policy; Kevin Duke, a junior majoring in civil engineering; Rachel Figard, a junior majoring in industrial and systems engineering; Grant Jordan, a senior majoring in industrial and systems engineering; and Pippin Payne, a senior double-majoring in mechanical engineering and religious studies. Their mentor is Dr. David Parish, assistant dean of academic affairs for the College of Engineering.
Their team was selected from more than two dozen U.S. teams to compete in the business plan competition at the summit, which took place Sept. 12-18. The summit occurs every two years and is the result of collaboration among the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), the U.K.’s Royal Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Each academy selected five student teams for the competition.
The NC State team aimed to set themselves apart by approaching the issue of sustainability from both individual and societal viewpoints and worked to come up with an idea that united the two interests.
This post was originally published in College of Engineering News.
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The Terms of Order
Cedric J. Robinson 1980-01-01
Publisher: SUNY Press
Genre: Political Science
Do we live in basically orderly societies that occasionally erupt into violent conflict, or do we fail to perceive the constancy of violence and disorder in our societies? Cedric J. Robinson contends that our perception of political order is an illusion, maintained in part by Western political and social theorists who share a dependence on the concept of leadership as a basis for describing and prescribing social order. Robinson uses a variety of critical approaches in his analysis: he synthesizes elements of psychoanalysis, structuralism, Marxism, classical and neoclassical political philosophy, and sociology to support his case for considering Western thought on leadership to be mythological rather than rational. He then presents examples of historically developed "stateless" societies with social organizations that suggest conceptual alternatives to the ways political order has been conceived in the West. As an American Black political theorist, Robinson examines Western thought from the vantage point of a people only marginally integrated into Western institutions and intellectual traditions. His perspective on the conceptualization that structures Western thinking on the most basic levels contributes to the questioning on how our conduct, values, and even perceptions may be shaped by our symbolization.
Elements of Social and Political Philosophy
Authors: Jan J.T. Srzednicki
The general purpose of this book differs from those of most of the works found traditionally in the field of political philosophy. Firstly, the present approach is in no way prescriptive or normative, as the interest centres on explication rather than an evaluative assess ment of this, that or another type of arrangement, or act. 1 It will be clear that I am in complete disagreement with Gewirth when he claims that "The central concern of political philosophy is the moral evaluation of political power. " It seems obvious that the under standing of political and social forms of life, and a fortiori of political power, must come before its evaluation. This cannot be provided by moral assessment alone. Thus an analytical or explicative approach which promotes such understanding must come first, and must be the "central concern" of the appropriate philosophical discipline. This is not to say that moral assessment is illegitimate, nor even that it cannot be one of the concerns of political philosophy, but it is to deny that it can be central, even though it might be somebody's central interest. To the extent to which this book is successful it will provide an argu mentin my favour - if the job can be done, obviously it is of primary importance. But we should not assume that it cannot be done unless we can show that there is no separate sphere of political and/or social phenomena.
Hegel: Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Authors: Georg Wilhelm Fredrich Hegel
Type: BOOK - Published: 1991-10-25 - Publisher: Cambridge University Press
This book is a translation of a classic work of modern social and political thought. Elements of the Philosophy of Right, Hegel's last major published work, is an attempt to systematize ethical theory, natural right, the philosophy of law, political theory, and the sociology of the modern state into the framework of Hegel's philosophy of history. Hegel's work has been interpreted in radically different ways, influencing many political movements from far right to far left, and is widely perceived as central to the communitarian tradition in modern ethical, social, and political thought. This edition includes extensive editorial material informing the reader of the historical background of Hegel's text, and explaining his allusions to Roman law and other sources, making use of lecture materials which have only recently become available. The new translation is literal, readable, and consistent, and will be informative and scholarly enough to serve the needs of students and specialists alike.
Authors: Cedric J. Robinson
Type: BOOK - Published: 1980-01-01 - Publisher: SUNY Press
An Introduction to the Social and Political Philosophy of Bertolt Brecht
Authors: Anthony Squiers
Type: BOOK - Published: 2014 - Publisher: Rodopi
Books about An Introduction to the Social and Political Philosophy of Bertolt Brecht
Lectures on the History of Political Philosophy
Authors: Professor John Rawls, John Rawls
Type: BOOK - Published: 2007 - Publisher: Belknap Press
This last book by the late John Rawls, derived from written lectures and notes for his long-running course on modern political philosophy, offers readers an account of the liberal political tradition from a scholar viewed by many as the greatest contemporary exponent of the philosophy behind that tradition. Rawls’s goal in the lectures was, he wrote, “to identify the more central features of liberalism as expressing a political conception of justice when liberalism is viewed from within the tradition of democratic constitutionalism.” He does this by looking at several strands that make up the liberal and democratic constitutional traditions, and at the historical figures who best represent these strands—among them the contractarians Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau; the utilitarians Hume, Sidgwick, and J. S. Mill; and Marx regarded as a critic of liberalism. Rawls’s lectures on Bishop Joseph Butler also are included in an appendix. Constantly revised and refined over three decades, Rawls’s lectures on these figures reflect his developing and changing views on the history of liberalism and democracy—as well as how he saw his own work in relation to those traditions. With its clear and careful analyses of the doctrine of the social contract, utilitarianism, and socialism—and of their most influential proponents—this volume has a critical place in the traditions it expounds. Marked by Rawls’s characteristic patience and curiosity, and scrupulously edited by his student and teaching assistant, Samuel Freeman, these lectures are a fitting final addition to his oeuvre, and to the history of political philosophy as well.
The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal
Authors: Iqbal Singh Sevea
This book reflects upon the political philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal, a towering intellectual figure in South Asian history, revered by many for his poetry and his thought. He lived in India in the twilight years of the British Empire and, apart from a short but significant period studying in the West, he remained in Punjab until his death in 1938. The book studies Iqbal's critique of nationalist ideology and his attempts to chart a path for the development of the 'nation' by liberating it from the centralizing and homogenizing tendencies of the modern state structure. Iqbal frequently clashed with his contemporaries over his view of nationalism as 'the greatest enemy of Islam'. He constructed his own particular interpretation of Islam – forged through an interaction with Muslim thinkers and Western intellectual traditions – that was ahead of its time, and since his death both modernists and Islamists have continued to champion his legacy.
Wittgenstein and Political Philosophy
Authors: John W. Danford
Categories: Language and languages
Books about Wittgenstein and Political Philosophy
The Moral, Social and Political Philosophy of the British Idealists
Authors: William Sweet
Type: BOOK - Published: 2017-03-17 - Publisher: Andrews UK Limited
The British idealists of the late 19th and early 20th century are best known for their contributions to metaphysics, logic, and political philosophy. Yet they also made important contributions to social and public policy, social and moral philosophy and moral education, as shown by this volume. Their views are not only important in their own right, but also bear on contemporary discussion in public policy and applied ethics. Among the authors discussed are Green, Caird, Ritchie, Bradley, Bosanquet, Jones, McTaggart, Pringle-Pattison, Webb, Ward, Mackenzie, Hetherington, Muirhead, Collingwood and Oakeshott. The writings of idealist philosophers from Canada, South Africa, and India are also examined. Contributors include Avital Simhony, Darin Nesbitt, Carol A. Keene, Stamatoula Panagakou, David Boucher, Leslie Armour, Jan Olof Bengtsson, Thom Brooks, James Connelly, Philip MacEwen, Efraim Podoksik, Elizabeth Trott and William Sweet.
The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic (Dodo Press)
Authors: Thomas Hobbes
Categories: Law
Type: BOOK - Published: 2009-06 - Publisher:
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher, remembered today for his work on political philosophy. His 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of social contract theory. He also contributed to a diverse array of fields, including history, geometry, physics of gases, theology, ethics, general philosophy, and political science. He was one of the main philosophers who founded materialism. He visited Florence in 1636 and later was a regular debater in philosophic groups in Paris, held together by Marin Mersenne. Hobbes's first area of study was an interest in the physical doctrine of motion and physical momentum. Despite his interest in this phenomenon, he disdained experimental work as in physics. He built a good reputation in philosophic circles and in 1645, he was chosen with Descartes, Gilles de Roberval and others, to referee the controversy between John Pell and Longomontanus over the problem of squaring the circle. His other works include: The Elements of Law Natural and Politic (1640) and De Cive (The Citizen): Philosophical Rudiments Concerning Government and Society (1651).
The Right to Justification
Authors: Rainer Forst
Type: BOOK - Published: 2011-12-27 - Publisher: Columbia University Press
Contemporary philosophical pluralism recognizes the inevitability and legitimacy of multiple ethical perspectives and values, making it difficult to isolate the higher-order principles on which to base a theory of justice. Rising up to meet this challenge, Rainer Forst, a leading member of the Frankfurt School's newest generation of philosophers, conceives of an "autonomous" construction of justice founded on what he calls the basic moral right to justification. Forst begins by identifying this right from the perspective of moral philosophy. Then, through an innovative, detailed critical analysis, he ties together the central components of social and political justice freedom, democracy, equality, and toleration and joins them to the right to justification. The resulting theory treats "justificatory power" as the central question of justice, and by adopting this approach, Forst argues, we can discursively work out, or "construct," principles of justice, especially with respect to transnational justice and human rights issues. As he builds his theory, Forst engages with the work of Anglo-American philosophers such as John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin, and Amartya Sen, and critical theorists such as Jürgen Habermas, Nancy Fraser, and Axel Honneth. Straddling multiple subjects, from politics and law to social protest and philosophical conceptions of practical reason, Forst brilliantly gathers contesting claims around a single, elastic theory of justice.
Authors: John Christman
This accessible and user-friendly text will prove invaluable to any student coming to social and political philosophy for the first time. It provides a broad survey of fundamental social and political questions in modern society, as well as clear, accessible discussions of the philosophical issues central to political thought. Topics covered include: the foundations of political authority, the nature and grounds of economic justice, the limits of tolerance, considerations of community, race, gender, and culture in questions of justice, and radical critiques of current political theories.
Authors: John Philip Christman
Type: BOOK - Published: 2002 - Publisher: Psychology Press
This accessible and user-friendly text offers a broad survey of some of the fundamental philosophical questions concerning social and political relations in modern society.
Big Book Of Pond Building
Would You Rather…? For Women
Comparative Law and Regulation
Media Studies: Theories And Approaches
Pro ASP.NET MVC 4
Anatomy of Murder
The Physiology of the Carbohydrates
Current Biography Yearbook 2011
Deep Church
The Big Book of Jewish Humor


2015 – John Polmear
John Polmear
John has had an illustrious career in the Western Australian Cinema Industry spanning some 60 years.
He began his career in the Industry in 1951 in the Despatch Department at Metro Goldwyn Mayer in Perth. The following year, he moved to Paramount Pictures as a Despatch Assistant. Here he gained experience as a Film Examiner and Despatch Clerk before progressing through to the Advertising Sales Department to eventually become Head Booker for theatres throughout Western Australia in 1961.
In February 1969, after eleven years with Paramount Pictures, John resigned to take up the position of Licensee of the Sandhurst Hotel in Carnarvon, on the north-west coast of Western Australia. Then in November 1969 he was approached by Alfred Jarrett, the then Managing Director of Paramount Pictures, and was offered the position of West Australia Branch Manager, which he accepted. It was obvious that John’s real passion lay with the Cinema Industry. In a Press Release at the time, Alfred Jarrett said …
“he was pleased indeed to welcome back John Polmear into the Paramount fold, and believed that his long Industry experience equipped him ideally to manage the company’s interests in Perth.”
John returned to Paramount Pictures in January 1970 to take up the position of WA Branch Manager. Then in June that year, he was appointed WA Branch Manager for C.I.C. (Cinema International Corporation Pty Ltd), which was the merger between Paramount Pictures and Universal Pictures. The company was later to become U.I.P. (United International Pictures Pty Ltd) which, in addition to distributing product from the studios of Paramount and Universal, also obtained control of product from United Artists and Metro Goldwyn Mayer. As the WA Branch Manager, John worked closely with exhibitors from both the company chains and independents in programming, film booking, buying, session times, advertising
budgets, merchandising, promotions and media outlets, which included TV, radio and Press. John remained the West Australian Branch Manager for U.I.P. for 21 years, when in August 1991, he was transferred to Despatch Services Pty Ltd, where he remained until 1997. He then took up a position with Reading Cinemas as Administration Manager at their new complex at Mandurah, south of Perth.
John retired from managing Reading Cinemas in 1998 to live in Mandurah, but did not bow out of the Cinema Industry altogether. He had joined the Society of Australian Cinema Pioneers in 1977, and was elected Treasurer of the WA Branch in 1996. Then when Arthur Stiles (one of WA’s leading Cinema Pioneers, who held the position of President of the WA Branch of the Cinema Pioneers) retired in 2007, John was duly elected to the Presidency role. He still serves as both
President and Treasurer of the WA Branch today. In 1987, John was elected as a Trustee to the Board of the West Australian Motion Picture Benevolent Fund, becoming Treasurer of the Fund in 1989. Then in 1997, when the Benevolent Fund became a company limited by guarantee, John became a Director at that time. In 2006, John was awarded the “Life Time Achievement Award” by the Directors of the Fund.
In 1997, together with the late Col Porter, John received the United International Pictures “Achievement Award”. This was the first time this award had been presented outside the United Kingdom. Then in 2002, John was chosen as the WA Branch’s “Cinema Pioneer of the Year”.
John considers it …
“… an honour and privilege to be named National Cinema Pioneer of the Year for 2015, especially when you peruse the names of those who previously received this award.”
Categories: National, Pioneer of the YearBy Kevin Adams - Webmaster October 18, 2015
PreviousPrevious post:2014 – Jenny WardNextNext post:2015 – Wendy Paterson


One of only a few maps of the period created from first-hand knowledge
By THEVET, Andre, 1575
Qvarte Partie dv Monde.
America Continent of America
Author: THEVET, Andre
Publication place: [Paris
Publisher: L’Huillier
Physical description: Double-page and folding woodcut map, two closed tears crossing the image extending from the left-hand margin, lower left-hand margin renewed.
Dimensions: 365 by 480mm (14.25 by 19 inches).
From the first edition, of the fourth volume of Thevet’s ‘Cosmographie universelle’, 1575, here in a state not recorded by Burden, corresponding to his first state, but without the title above the neatline, even though there is a wide and untrimmed top margin.
Although the geography of the map is mainly derived from that of Ortelius, Thevet, in his accompanying text, claims to have based his map of America on his own first-hand observations. Thevet did in fact visit America, returning from Brazil in 1555, and the map contains some interesting information not found in other maps of the period. Thevet has added placenames along the northeastern seaboard of North America. The map’s depiction of southwest south America is a sort of compromise between maps showing the bulge in Chile, first depicted by Mercator in 1569, and subsequent maps that have corrected it, first by Ortelius in 1570.
“The region in Brazil where France dabbled in trade and prostelytizing is appropriately called ‘France Antartique’, as dubbed by Villegagnon, who considered himself to be ‘King of America’. Here Thevet, long anticipating most mapmakers, introduces the name ‘r. Janairo’. Directly inland, Thevet’s missionary role in the New World is reflected in his knowledge of various Indian peoples. Most prominent is ‘Toupinambaux’, the Tupinamba Indians known to us mainly through the adventures of the German adventurer Hans Staden, whom they had held captive shortly efore thevet’s second trip. Thevet and Staden appear to have witnessed similar rituals in Tupinamba life; e.g., both offer a similar description of a Tupinamba burial (unless the apparent corroboration is an illusion resulting from plagerism on the part of Thevet)” (Suarez).
In a break from tradition, the great landmass to the south, “Partie de la Terre Antartique Incongneve”, teams with life: people, animals and lush vegetation. Thevet fudges the relationship between Terra Australis and New Guinea by placing his explanatory text, addressed to the “amiable reader”, within a large strapwork cartouche there.
André Thevet (1516–1590), “was a Franciscan monk who travelled extensively in Europe and made a reputed short journey to South America. Upon his return he records that he sailed along the eastern coast of North America / … The fine map / … relies largely on the Mercator model of 1569, most noticeably with the bulge to the north-west coast of North America. The southern continent, ‘Partie de la Terre Antartique Incogneue’, is full of descriptions of natives hunting, fishing and socialising. The geography and nomenclature of North America are largely derived from other sources. The quality of this block is very high and it is a shame that it is not more easily found” (Burden 46).
Alden-Landis 575/31
Alden, J. and Landis, D., eds. (1980). European Americana: A Chronological Guide to Works Printed in Europe Relating to the Americas, 1493–1776, New York: Readex Books.
Borba de Moraes II, 859
Moraes, R. (1983). Bibliographia brasiliana. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center Publications University of California.
Sabin 95335
Sabin, J. (1962). A Dictionary of books relating to America. Amsterdam: Israel.
Suarez, Shedding the Veil, 32
Suárez, T. (1992). Shedding the veil. Singapore: World Scientific.
Nissen ZBI 4110
Ronsil 2906
A map of Chicago’s gangs, from Thrasher’s seminal study
THRASHER, Frederic M., 1926.
Venezuela and Curaçao
BREGANTE, S, 1866.
A chart of the Bahamas
QUESADA, Jose Maria de & NOGUERA, Juan., 1858.
Venezuela, showing Caracas & Curaçao
DIRECCION HIDROGRAFICA DE MADRID, 1816.


About TSB
Lynne Peacock
Lynne Peacock - Senior Independent Non-Executive Director
Lynne Peacock joined the Board on 22 April 2020 and became TSB’s Senior Independent Director on 1 January 2021. She has held Board level appointments for over twenty years, and is currently a Non-Executive Director of Serco plc (which she joined in 2017 and where she is currently the Senior Independent Director) and Royal Mail plc (which she joined in 2019). She has previously been a Non-Executive Director of Nationwide Building Society, Jardine Lloyd Thompson plc, Standard Life Aberdeen plc and Scottish Water. Lynne was Chief Executive UK of National Australia Bank (NAB) from 2004 to 2011. She was responsible for around 8,500 people in NAB’s businesses in the UK. During that time, she integrated Clydesdale and Yorkshire banks into one entity and kept the business profitable during the financial crisis.
Before NAB, Lynne spent twenty years working at Woolwich plc. She started in 1983 and worked in a variety of senior marketing roles within the Woolwich, including Head of Marketing, Marketing Manager and Market Development Manager. She became Group Operations Director in 1996 with accountability for all of the UK businesses. She became Chief Executive of Woolwich plc on completion of the take-over by the Barclays Group in October 2000. Prior to joining the Woolwich, Lynne held marketing roles with Tate and Lyle, and Unilever.
Lynne is also Chair of the Board of Trustees of Learning Disability Network London Limited. Lynne holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Business Studies.
Remuneration committee (Chair)
Risk Committee
Regulatory News Service


"Dear Radio" - A Thank-You from 826Michigan
Dear Radio,
You make my day better. Without you, I would sit and be bored. Books can take you places but so can your favorite song. Songs describe the feeling of the places, whether they're good or bad. Some are real and some are make believe. Feelings are also blended into words, describing people's fears, life stories, and hopes. They let me know that I can relate to other people out there. Sometimes I get so lost in the music that I block out everything else. I must admit I enjoy your company a little too much! Thanks for drowning me in your airwaves so I can have a good time. Without you I'd go crazy.
Your pal,
Adalia Alvarez
826michigan is a non-profit organization dedicated to supporting students (ages 6 to 18) with their creative and expository writing skills, and to helping teachers inspire their students to write. http://www.826michigan.org/
Join WCBN on the Diag TODAY! 10/22
WCBN will be occupying the University Diag with a live broadcast from 12-1 PM this afternoon. Please come dance with us, in public! We will have amplified sound so it should turn out to be poodles of fun. I heard something about a dancing hot dog but cannot say more than that...
Thom Yorke and Atoms for Peace Boycott Spotify
http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2013/07/14/thom-yorke-and-atoms-for-peace...
Saying they are defending the rights of new and emerging recording artists, Thom Yorke and Atoms for Peace have removed their tracks from Spotify, the commercial music streaming service.
Best known for his work with Radiohead, Yorke pulled his 2006 solo album “The Eraser” while the band Atoms for Peace, which Yorke leads, took down their ’13 disk “Amok.” As of earlier this afternoon, both tracks from Yorke’s ’09 two-sided single “The Hollow Earth” and “Feeling Pulled Apart by Horses” are still available on the service, as are some of his remixes and guest appearances.
A representative for Spotify had no comment.
Yorke wrote: “Make no mistake, new artists you discover on Spotify will not get paid. Meanwhile shareholders will shortly begin rolling in it. Simples.”
On its website, Spotify, which is reported to have some six-million paid subscribers, claims to pay royalties in relation to an artist’s popularity on the service. “For example, we will pay out approximately 2% of our gross royalties for an artist whose music represents approximately 2% of what our users stream,” it states. “A popular song or album can generate far more revenue for an artist over time than it historically would have from upfront unit sales.” To see the full statements, go here.
New Transmitter in 2013
WCBN's engineering staff is working toward a projected December, 2013 timeframe to deploy our new FM signal. Check out the signal increase on this map. The blue line shows the current signal coverage, while the red line outlines the area we will cover after upgrading our signal to 3000 watts.
There are about 274,000 residents in the new coverage area, compared to 118,000 in the current coverage area. We expect improved reception in places like Dexter and Saline.
Support from our listeners, volunteers, and the Regents of the University of Michigan has made this upgrade project possible.
I'll take "Radio, Radio" for $800, Alex.
"Jeopardy!" viewers on Wednesday night, April 24, 2013 gained extremely valuable knowledge upon seeing this clue on the screen.
Just Listen!
IngenuityPictures has produced a short documentary about WCBN to mark our 40th year of FM broadcasting. Our DJs and volunteers explain the history and current state of the radio station, and why this radio station is important to the culture of Ann Arbor, Michigan. Do you enjoy learning about new music? Want to explore our amazing record library? We are always on the lookout for new student DJs! We have tens of thousands of vinyl records, CDs, and cassettes you can dig through. And dig. Join us! Introductory training sessions are held every Sunday at 4pm in our lobby. Go to the Thompson St. entrance of the SAB (corner of Jefferson) and call 763-3500. Say you're here for training, and we'll buzz you in. Or email training AT wcbn DOT org! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJyVMiR4Hlc


Posted on January 2, 2022 by Virginie Pronovost
Earlier today, I confirmed, thanks to Letterboxd (the social network of cinephiles), that I had seen a total of 199 new-to-me films in 2021. Not bad! That included fiction films, documentaries, short, medium-length and feature films. I might have forgotten to register some. I don’t know. So, let’s say it was around 200. If I could briefly resume my year in films via bullet points, it would sort of go that way:
William Holden‘s filmography completed (yes!!)
Many new-to-me films directed by women
Many new-to-me British films
George Segal
American actor George Segal posed in England at a press call to promote his latest film ‘Blume In Love’ circa 1973. (Photo by Larry Ellis Collection/Getty Images)
Director Joan Micklin Silver
As we just entered 2022, a year during which I hope to discover more films, I thought it would be fun to make a top list of my favourite cinematographic discoveries of 2021. Of course, I won’t do a top 200 because it would be too long to organise, but I decided to limit myself to 15 films. These are all films that I immensely enjoyed and that meant something for me. So, it will be a good representation.
I’ve decided to include only fiction features. I did see a lot of good documentaries and short films. However, it would be too much like comparing oranges and apples if I included them so it would for another occasion.
Before going further, bear in mind that, as usual, this is a list of favourites, not of best. It is purely subjective and based on my own preferences. I’m not claiming that these are objectively the best films but simply that they are the ones I personally prefer. But, in my opinion, this list contains films that are indeed masterpieces and others that aren’t necessary but that remain good entertainment (for me at least)!
Without further ado, here we go!
15. Running on Empty (Sidney Lumet, 1988)
I had forgotten that Sidney Lumet directed that film. No wonder why it was so good! I watched it on what marked the great late River Phoenix’s birthday. The actor received a well-deserved Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor ( lost to Kevin Kline in A Wish Called Wanda). However, I’m not sure why he wasn’t nominated for Best Actor instead. To me, he’s pretty much the main actor in the film! I’m not an expert on how the Academy evaluates things tho.
14. Raising the Wind (Gerald Thomas, 1961)
Ok, this is one of those entertaining films without being a masterpiece. But a film in the style of a Carry On, especially one with Leslie Phillips and Kenneth Williams, is almost sure to please me. Yeah, it’s silly as you would expect it to be, but it certainly won’t leave you bored or indifferent!
13. A Touch of Class (Melvin Frank, 1973)
I watched that film for the article on the great late George Segal that I wrote for the film magazine Séquences last summer. I have to make a big confession: that was my first Glenda Jackson film! I know, I know, shame on me and blah-blah-blah. She was great and even won the Best Actress Oscar for her performance. So, I’m looking forward to seeing more of her films. PS: I also saw my first Susannah York film in 2021 (The 7th Dawn).
12. The Revengers (Daniel Mann, 1972)
I had no expectations whatsoever for that film and thought it would just be meh. Obviously, I quickly changed my opinion, and it turned out to be an agreeable surprise. Directed by the man who also made Come Back Litle Sheba, a film I love, The Revengers is, in my opinion, a very underrated western. It somehow made me think of The Wild Bunch and The Professionals. So if you like those two westerns, I definitely encourage you to give a chance to The Revengers!
11. Children of a Lesser God (Randa Haines, 1986)
Not only that film was directed by a woman, but it also stars the first deaf actress who won an Oscar for Best Actress (for that film in question): Marlee Maltin. She’s also the youngest actress to have won an Oscar for that same category. I had seen her previously in my favourite David Bowie’s film, The Linguini Incident, in which she plays a pretty badass character. William Hurt, who plays the new teacher at a deaf and hard of hearing school, is great also and delivers a performance with lots of passion. Too bad to know that he was disagreeable with Marlee Maltin during the making of the film.
10. Sleuth (Joseph L. Mankiewicz, 1972)
That film paring two great British actors of two completely different generations: Laurence Olivier and Michael Caine, certainly won’t leave you indifferent. Its execution is simple, yet, it’s a very complex story. Somehow, I didn’t remember Joseph L. Mankiewicz, an American, made it. Anyway, American or not, he was a great director, so the picture benefited from his talents! Sadly, that was his last film. But a brilliant swan song, that’s for sure!
9. Crossing Delancey (Joan Micklin Silver, 1988)
That is another film I watched during my films-directed-by-women marathon last March. Sadly enough, the director, Joan Micklin Silver, passed away about two months after I saw it. That brilliant and free of clichés romantic comedy opposes Amy Irving (Carrie) and Peter Riegert (Local Hero). Among all the many good things we can remember from that film, let’s not forget that hilarious lesson that it’s tricky to put on lipstick in a moving car!
8. What a Carve Up! (Pat Jackson, 1961)
And here is another film with a bunch of Carry On actors (including the lovely Shirley Eaton, who only appeared in three of them). I especially liked that Kenneth Connor, my favourite Carry On actor alongside Kenneth Williams, had the main role. You feel it was his film. Interestingly British actor Dennis Price mixed himself with that bunch of Carry On actors. He and Shirley Eaton both starred in the 1965 version of Ten Little Indians, and somehow, that film reminded me of What aCarve Up!. If you’re looking for a great horror comedy to watch next Halloween, I certainly recommend that one!
7. 12 Years a Slave (Steve McQueen, 2013)
I don’t know why I waited so long before seeing that film. I was obviously missing something great (and moving)! That poignant film was based on Solomon Northup’s memoir. In 1841, he was captured by white men and made a slave in Louisiana for… 12 years. The film puts in your face the terrible injustices that black people were victims of in the US at that time because slavery was a thing. And we all know that injustices still go on for them. They are not represented in the same way, but they are still here. Anyway, 12 Years a Slave is not an easy film to watch. However, it’s an important one that puts the light on a shameful period of US history.
6. After Hours (Martin Scorsese, 1985)
There would be so many things to say to praise that underrated comedy by Martin Scorsese. First of all, if you want to see a film by that director without gangsters, without Robert De Niro or Leonardo DiCaprio (don’t get me wrong, I love them), you should definitely give After Hours a try. I loved that the story evolves thanks to a bunch of crazy and unbelievable coincidences. They truly set the humoristic tone of the film. The story is simple. During a night, a guy played by a very likeable Griffin Dunne (An American Werewolf in London, Who’s That Girl?) is the victim of various misfortunes. Among the people he meets during his journey, the underrated Rosanna Arquette plays one of them.
5. Too Many Crooks (Mario Zampi, 1959)
Ok, I swear this is the last Carry On-esque film on my list! Too Many Crooks is, in my opinion, not just an entertaining comedy. I’m ready to call it a film of quality. However, among the Carry On actors, there’s only Sidney James and a very young Bernard Bresslaw (he was only 25- and so tall)! Joining them was Brenda De Banzie, the hilarious Terry-Thomas and George Cole.
4. The Summit of Gods (Le Sommet des Dieux, Patrick Imbert, 2021)
I saw that film not a long time ago with my two best friends at the Cinémathèque québécoise in Montreal. And what a shock (in the good sense of the term)! That is an A-class animation. It was so well-made that it almost felt real. Add to that the top-notched sound dimension that almost makes us feel as if we were on the snowy mountains with the characters, feeling the icy weather. Plus, it’s really the type of story that keeps you at the edge of your seat. I recommend it to anybody who’s just willing to watch something unforgettable!
3. Knives Out (Rian Johnson, 2019)
I don’t remember what made me watch that film, but I’m so glad I did. I loved the story à la Agatha Christie, the colourful cinematography, the casting, the setting. It was one of Christopher Plummer’s last films. There’s a sequel that should be released in 2022, and Edward Norton (one of my favourite “contemporary actors”) is in it. I’m so down for that!
2. The Mirror Has Two Faces (Barbara Streisand, 1996)
It isn’t necessarily a masterpiece. However, in terms of personal tastes, it was a memorable discovery. I watched it on the day George Segal passed away as he plays a supporting role in it. Barbra Streisand and Jeff Bridges play the leading role in this highly enjoyable romantic comedy, and they share great chemistry. Among the supporting cast, there’s also Pierce Brosnan and Lauren Bacall. Not bad Conradl! And guess what? You can watch that little gem on Netflix!
Suspense!
1- The Italian Job (Peter Collinson, 1969)
That is the type of British film that goes in my chords. It’s a thrilling story, plus it has a touch of well-appreciated British humour. The beginning with the Rossano Brazzi driving his convertible in the Alps is one I could watch over and over again. The main characters are played by Michale Caine and the great Noël Coward. If you’re looking for a bit of action in the form of a heist film, that one should be high on your list. It almost makes me want to own a Mini Cooper! I also liked that it takes place in Torino, a beautiful Italian city I’ve visited on three occasions. Interestingly enough, in 2021, I saw two other films by Peter Collinson, The Earthling (his last film) and Open Season. But I liked The Italian Job much better than those two.
That’s it! Of course, I saw many other great films in 2021! And some mediocre ones, but not so many, to be honest. Interestingly, there aren’t any films older than 1959 on that list, but it’s a pure coincidence. I’ll be curious to know what are the best films you discovered in 2021! Let me know in the comments!
Posted in Movie of the 60's, Movies of the 2010s, Movies of the 2020s, Movies of the 50's, Movies of the 70's, Movies of the 80's, Movies of the 90's, Opinion Text, Top List	Tagged Top of the World
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3 thoughts on “Top of the World: 15 Favourite New-to-Me Films Watched in 2021”
Realweegiemidget Reviews says:
I ADORE this list and so many to watch now Ginnie – you certainly love your Carry On actors and actresses almost as much as Mr Holden. Hoping you hold a blogathon in both their honours this year. You have reminded me again to watch Sunset Boulevard…
I really miss hosting and participating in blogathon. I must admit with the job it was just impossible. But I’m gonna try to work on that!
Yay, its thanks to you I’ve discovered so many William Holden films and Arthur Kennedy. Hope you bring both these leading men back.. (and more).


One Ocean, Two Shades: Perceptions about the Indian Ocean
/luce.nt/ was established in 2010 as a forum to advance thinking and to promote dialogue in an online symposium for policy makers, scholars, and practitioners within the international security community “on all questions relating to war and to statesmanship connected with war, or the prevention of war.” The thoughts and opinions expressed in this online publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the U.S. Naval War College.
Capt. Sameer Saxena, Indian Navy, “One Ocean, Two Shades: Perceptions about the Indian Ocean,” /luce.nt/: A Journal of National Security Studies (Fall 2011).
The Indian Ocean and India itself and how the United States views this area of the world is discussed in light of history, India’s recent growth and influence in the region as well as globally, and the opportunities presented through an adjustment to the U.S. lens. The current focus is on China. Should it really be on India? The importance of regional actors working in coordination with the support of extra-regional actors and methods to move in that direction are discussed. …
A historical preview provides an understanding of past challenges and the present opportunity for a paradigm shift. A study of the economic and geopolitical differences explains the inertia against such a shift, while a reflection of the commonality of national interests demonstrates the imperatives to overcome such inertia. Three instances of divergent policy perspectives are examined so as to appreciate differences and to identify a way ahead. …
Indo – US bilateral relations have through recent strategic engagement developed mutual trust which renders historical differences of security paradigms irrelevant. India has traditionally had an independent foreign policy yet by virtue of its democratic governance and adherence to international norms, there are considerable commonalities of national interests and an increasing convergence of security objectives. Inadequate appreciation of differences in perspectives has resulted in policy differences that have inhibited synergy in the maritime domain. It is imperative that the leadership of both nations capitalize on mutual capabilities, respective geopolitical strengths, and the mutual reservoir of trust. The United States has been the guardian of the global commons during the latter part of the 20th century. In an environment of state and non-state actors seeking anti access capabilities, the United States must seek new partnerships to ensure freedom in the global commons. The Indian Ocean Region is an area of confluence of dangers: WMD proliferation, radical terrorism, unstable states, piracy and illicit activities. These demand focused attention and synergy of efforts. Failure to do so could result in a catastrophe such as an al-Qaida WMD attack which could be either in New York or New Delhi. Neither is improbable nor inevitable. Cooperative engagement alone can minimize risks.


The Bizarre Link between Your Gut and Parkinson’s
(WellnessPursuits.com) – What would you think if we told you your gut health might make a difference as to whether or not you’ll develop Parkinson’s disease? Researchers have begun to think just that, and your appendix may play the biggest role. It might seem like a bizarre connection, but that useless tiny organ attached to your intestine could have one more dirty trick up its sleeve. How it all works is just as bizarre as it sounds.
Parkinson’s and GI Problems
In hindsight, it seems like a lot of Parkinson’s patients notice an onset of chronic constipation and other stomach issues long before they notice any of the other tell-tale signs of the disease. Up until recently, this was seen as just another symptom. Now, researchers believe it may be evidence of the disease starting in the gut.
One piece connecting the gut with Parkinson’s disease is the presence of a specific protein that initially develops there, then later accumulates in the brain. This protein, known scientifically as alpha-synuclein, may collect in response to bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, and in a lot of cases could even serve as part of the body’s defense against dangerous diseases.
There’s a twist, though. Researchers are still trying to figure out why, but sometimes the protein folds into an unusual shape that causes it to clump together, cluttering up the brain. Like prions, the proteins responsible for mad cow disease, misfolded alpha-synuclein proteins infect other proteins they come in contact with, leading to a cascade of destruction.
Studies on gingivitis and Alzheimer’s, another neurodegenerative disease, could offer another clue. Research has shown that some bacteria, like the one responsible for causing gum disease, can produce toxins that cause certain proteins to misfold, leading to disease. If similar causes are behind the protein misfolding in Parkinson’s, then an infection may be responsible for its symptoms as well.
Infection Connection
There’s more. The infection theory holds a lot of weight. Researchers are still trying to pinpoint the specific infections responsible, although Helicobacter pylori is one possible candidate. The most compelling evidence backing the infection theory comes from a study where scientists injected fecal matter from Parkinson’s patients into the guts of mice. Those mice all developed motor function issues.
The inflammation resulting from an infection or imbalance could be another component. Inflammation can cause “leaky gut” and reduce the effectiveness of the blood-brain barrier, making it easier for bacteria to travel to and from those areas. And then, there’s the vagus nerve, which is where things start to get really weird. Researchers believe the clumps of alpha-synuclein may use this nerve, which spans all the way to the stomach, as a highway to the brain. Studies have even shown severing this nerve can prevent some cases of Parkinson’s disease from forming (not that doing so is a valid solution in any way, shape, or form).
Connecting the Appendix
So back the appendix. Otherwise serving no function, that tiny organ appears to play a major role by serving as a reservoir for all those potentially dangerous bacteria. But the bizarreness continues: Depending on the study, having your appendix removed can either drastically increase or decrease your chances of developing Parkinson’s disease. Since these findings have been significant, a connection is clearly there. That connection, and why appendix removal has such varying effects, is still being researched.
Many of the mysteries behind Parkinson’s disease may still be as unclear as they are strange, but the pieces are slowly coming together. More research into the role of alpha-synuclein could lead to new medications that reduce its production or block it from traveling to the brain. If upcoming drug trials are successful, Parkinson’s disease could soon be managed or even prevented with a pill.


Polartropica on the Challenges of Releasing a Debut Album During a Pandemic
Love in the Time of Coronavirus
Jun 18, 2020 By Paul Bullock Web Exclusive
For Ihui Cherise Wu, one of the leaders of Los Angeles’ emerging queer pop scene, Friday, March 13th, 2020, should have been a triumph. Her musical project, Polartropica, was scheduled to release its debut album, Dreams Come True. The following night she was set to headline LOVE IS GAY, the most recent installment of the touring, all-ages LGBTQ+ festival/fundraiser, at The Bootleg Theater. It was supposed to be the culmination of three years of hustling; of writing, recording, and releasing singles; of playing dozens of hometown-shows and touring the U.S.; of filming elaborate videos and constant, colorful social media promotion. Then, Los Angeles shut down.
“Everything escalated pretty quickly,” says Wu. “Shows were starting to get cancelled but Tame Impala had just played two shows the two nights leading up, so we were going back and forth. We were like, should we postpone? Should we cancel?”
When it became obvious this installment of the festival was not happening, Wu felt “a wave of relief. I was sad but I was also glad that everyone was on the same page to be safe until the right time.”
The acts scrambled to put together a live stream. Twenty-four hours later, with some minor technical difficulties, they managed to pull it off. Looking back now and realizing that it was going to be last time for a while that Wu would see a large group of musicians gathered together, “it kinda felt like a last hurrah.” It was a reassuring event at an uncertain time but an undoubtedly unfortunate way to welcome Dreams Come True into the world.
Following 2016’s Astrodreams EP, Wu had started writing the new material that would become her debut album with the initial goal of just putting out singles for a while. With the help of producer C.M. Rodriguez, she began demoing the new songs in bedrooms and garages around Silverlake during her free time from selling real estate, working at neighborhood restaurants, and teaching music to children.
“Crystal Ramen,” the first of these tracks, was released in August of 2017. It’s a good example of Polartropica’s sound: dreamy, glittery, synth-y, and accompanied by emotionally complex, often surprisingly dark lyrics.
“It’s kind of a heavy album,” says Wu, laughing.
As the rest of Dreams Come True began to take shape, subjects like animal rights, school shootings, and the USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal provided intruding inspiration for songs that directly address more personal topics such as witnessing a friend’s emotionally devastating breakup or being forced to deal with a problematic boss.
In the middle of these recordings, Rodriguez relocated to Tulsa, OK, shifting their collaboration onto the Internet, with Wu making occasional flights east to complete the work in person. The finished product features guest appearances by her live band’s guitarist Alexander Noice, composer Bobby Halvorson, and singer/songwriter/guzheng player Jett Kwong, whom Wu met when they shared a bill at an event celebrating Asian Pacific American Heritage Month.
“It’s been quite a process,” says Wu. “Now that I’m looking back, it took quite a while. But I wasn’t in a rush because we were playing a lot of shows, and it felt like everything was organic. So we were pretty busy the whole time.”
With the help of her live band and a close-knit group of friends like Lucy & La Mer, WASI, and mini bear, Wu has made Polartropica a distinguished fixture in the diverse LA hipster underground, performing in retro-futuristic costumes with increasingly elaborate staging and choreography at venues such as The Satellite, The Echo, and the wildly popular street festival Chinatown Summer Nights. Along the way she’s been collaborating on a series of ambitious music videos with directors such as White Sitar, Tess O’Connor, and Stephanie Kim, who made “Another Life,” the first of an anticipated trilogy with reoccurring characters and an interconnected storyline. But, that’ll have to wait until it’s safe for her crew to get together again.
In the interim, Dreams Come True is finally out, and Wu hopes that people will find some solace in it. “I feel like music really helped me get through hard times,” she says. “So I kind of did that with this record. It’s for everybody. For myself, for my friends, and everyone else too.”
www.polartropica.com
www.facebook.com/polartropica/
www.twitter.com/Polartropica
www.instagram.com/polartropica/
DREAMS COME TRUE by POLARTROPICA
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Mitakshara_Mishra
June 23rd 2020
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Guns N’ Roses: Sweet Child O’ Mine tops 1 billion YouTube views
The video for Guns N’ Roses’ 1987 smash, “Sweet Child O’ Mine”, has passed the 1 billion views mark on YouTube.
The third track issued from the band’s debut, “Appetite For Destruction” - which remains the group’s only US No. 1 single – was uploaded to the video site on Christmas Eve 2009.
“This moment is yours,” says Guns N’ Roses on social media. “#GnFnR history is made as Sweet Child O' Mine has hit over 1 billion views on YouTube.”
YouTube Music also shared a congratulatory video about the latest feat, which marks the second time Guns N’ Roses has reached the landmark milestone online after “November Rain” became the first music video from the pre-YouTube era (the site launched in 2005) to surpass the 1 billion views mark in July of 2018.
The all-time top YouTube videos are still led by recent songs, with its top 20 all from this decade, including Luis Fonsi’s “Despacito”, which clocks in with more than 6.48 billion views.
Guns N’ Roses are currently playing dates on a fall run of shows as part of their ongoing Not In This Lifetime tour.
ONE BILLION VIEWS 🎉 Welcome back @gunsnroses 🏆 https://t.co/dNx7RSDYJ3 pic.twitter.com/YFsPzWvh2a
— YouTube Music (@youtubemusic) October 15, 2019
Guns N’ Roses to headline Lollapalooza in Chile, Argentina and Brazil
VIDEO: Guns N’ Roses perform 1991 rarity for first time in three decades
VIDEO: Guns N’ Roses play intimate Los Angeles show
Guns N’ Roses announce intimate Los Angeles show
Search Guns N Roses at hennemusic
Labels: Guns N Roses, Slash


Erin Tumminello, Staff Writer
November 20th, 2020 was Transgender Day of Remembrance, which was a day dedicated to transgender people whose lives had been lost. Unfortunately, many members of the transgender community face significant discrimination and have been victims of violence and hate crimes. This day serves as a memorial to transgender indivuduals who have been killed as a result of such acts of violence, as well as those who have committed suicide.
Each year, members of Massapequa High School’s Gay and Straight Alliance (GSA) observes this day by wearing black clothing, wearing black ribbons, and setting up a table with a list of victims who died. Information about the day itself, as well as definitions of transgender and similar terms, are also provided. The GSA also honors those who had died by releasing balloons with the names of the victims written on them. Due to COVID-19, the table setup and balloon release could not occur, but members still recognized the day. “Transgender Day of Remembrance is an important day to the LGBT community, especially the transgender community, because they are often overlooked,” says Laura Philbin, the president of the GSA. “They are the target of violent crimes at disproportionate rates and they are also more likely to attempt suicide due to hate from family, friends, and society as a whole. We should use this day to reflect upon the lives lost and to reflect on our own actions and attitudes towards the transgender community.”
Sadly, transphobia (discrimination and hostility toward transgender people) still exists. But there are ways to help combat it. Making sure to support and accept transgender peers, as well as respecting their pronouns, is incredibly important. Showing support toward organizations such as the Trevor Project and GLSEN (Gay, Lesbian, & Straight Education Network) is also a way to help people in need. An additional way to help is to use resources such as the aforementioned organizations to become more educated about the LGBT+ community and problems that individuals in the community face.
Working together in order to make the world a more accepting place is crucial, and it all starts with promoting equality and acceptance for everyone.
Massapequa High School’s 2021 Pep Rally
Mr. Brian Conboy Returns to Massapequa
School, Stress, and Strive: Is it Too Much for Students?
Awareness Week at Massapequa High School
Music to Our Ears… Students learn Music Theory at MHS
Telescope at Massapequa Library
Tri-M: Massapequa Music Mentor Program
Changes to Massapequa Music
MHS Unite and Show Their School Pride
Massapequa Goes Virtual…Again


Home :: Chess :: Openings
Alekhine's Defence
1.e4 Nf6
B02-B05
Alexander Alekhine, Budapest 1921
Named after
Alexander Alekhine
King's Pawn Game
Alekhine's Defence is a hypermodern chess opening that can begin with the moves:
1. e4 Nf6
Black tempts White's pawns forward to form a broad pawn centre, with plans to undermine and attack the white structure later in the spirit of hypermodern defence. White's imposing mass of pawns in the centre often includes pawns on c4, d4, e5, and f4. Grandmaster Nick de Firmian observes of Alekhine's Defence in MCO-15 (2008), "The game immediately loses any sense of symmetry or balance, which makes the opening a good choice for aggressive fighting players."
The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO) has four codes for Alekhine's Defence, B02 through B05:
B02: 1.e4 Nf6
B03: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 (including the Exchange Variation and Four Pawns Attack)
B04: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 (Modern Variation without 4...Bg4)
B05: 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 Bg4 (Modern Variation with 4...Bg4)
The opening is named after Alexander Alekhine, who introduced it in the 1921 Budapest tournament in games against Endre Steiner and Fritz Sämisch. Four years later, the editors of the Fourth Edition of Modern Chess Openings (MCO-4) wrote:
Nothing is more indicative of the iconoclastic conceptions of the 'hypermodern school' than the bizarre defence introduced by Alekhine ... . Although opposing to all tenets of the classical school, Black allows his King's Knight to be driven about the board in the early stages of the game, in the expectation of provoking a weakness in White's centre pawns.
In addition to Alekhine, another early exponent of the defence was Ernst Grünfeld.
The popularity of Alekhine's Defence waxes and wanes; currently it is not very common. De Firmian observes, "The fashion could quickly change if some champion of the opening takes up the cause, as the results Black has obtained in practice are good." The opening's current highest-rated proponent is Grandmaster Vassily Ivanchuk, although Lev Alburt played it at grandmaster level almost exclusively during his career and was responsible for many contributions in both theory and practice. De Firmian writes, "Currently Grandmasters Shabalov and Minasian use the opening with regularity, while Aronian, Adams, and Nakamura will use it on occasion. In the past, great players such as Fischer and Korchnoi included the defense in their repertoire, leading to its respectable reputation."
After the usual 2. e5 Nd5, three main variations of Alekhine's Defence use 3.d4, but there are other options for White at this point. Two of the most common versions are the Exchange Variation and the Four Pawns Attack. The Exchange Variation continues 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6. White has some space advantage. Black can capitalise on the half-open centre with ...g6, ...Bg7 with ...Bg4 eventually being played. The Four Pawns Attack continues 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4. White has a somewhat larger space advantage though the centre is not fixed. Black has a number of options. Black can play ...Qd7 with ...0-0-0 and ...f6 putting pressure on White's d pawn. Black can play ...Nb4 with ...c5 hoping to exchange the d pawn. Finally, Black can play ...Be7 with ...0-0 and ...f6 attacking the centre. Minor variations include O'Sullivan's Gambit, 3.d4 b5 (intending 4.Bxb5 c5 5.dxc5?? Qa5+), and 3.d4 d6 4.Bc4, the Balogh Variation.
Four Pawns Attack: 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4
Four Pawns Attack 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4
The Four Pawns Attack is White's most ambitious try, and the variation which perhaps illustrates the basic idea of the defence best: Black allows White to make several tempo-gaining attacks on the knight and to erect an apparently imposing pawn centre in the belief that it can later be destroyed. The game can become very sharp since White must either secure his advantage in space or make use of it before Black succeeds in making a successful strike at it. Black must also play vigorously because passive play will be crushed by the White centre. The Four Pawns Attack is not particularly popular because many White players are wary of entering a sharp tactical line which Black may have prepared. The main line continues 5...dxe5 6.fxe5 Nc6 7.Be3 Bf5 8.Nc3 e6 9.Nf3
An alternative is the sharp Planinc Variation, 5...g5!?. Black hopes for 6. fxg5? dxe5, wrecking White's centre and leaving him with weak pawns. The line is named after grandmaster Albin Planinc, who championed it in the 1970s. Template:Citatation needed It was then taken up in the 1990s by correspondence player Michael Schirmer, whose games were noted in a recent book on Alekhine's Defence by notable British GM and Alekhine exponent Nigel Davies.
Exchange Variation: 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6
Exchange Variation 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6
The Exchange Variation is less ambitious than the Four Pawns Attack. White trades pawns, accepting a more modest spatial advantage. Black's main decision is whether to recapture with the solid 5...exd6, which will lead to a fairly strategic position, or the more ambitious 5...cxd6 when Black has a preponderance of pawns in the centre. The third recapture 5...Qxd6 is also possible since the fork 6.c5 can be answered by 6...Qe6+, but the line is considered inferior since Black will sooner or later need to deal with this threat.
In the sharper 5...cxd6 line, Black usually aims to attack and undermine the white pawn on d4, and possibly c4 as well. To do this, a usual plan involves a fianchetto of the king bishop to g7, playing the other bishop to g4 to remove a knight on f3 which is a key defender of d4, while black knights on b6 and c6 bear down on the white pawns on c4 and d4. Cox gave the game Jainy Gomes vs. Guillermo Soppe to illustrate Black's intentions.
A popular setup from White to prevent Black's plan is the Voronezh Variation (named after the Russian city Voronezh, where the line was invented, by players such as Grigory Sanakoev). The Voronezh is defined by the opening sequence 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6 cxd6 6.Nc3 g6 7.Be3 Bg7 8.Rc1 0-0 9.b3. White's setup delays kingside development so that Black has trouble developing pieces in a fashion that harasses White's pieces and assails the centre pawns; for instance there is no knight on f3 which can become a target after ...Bg4, and no bishop on d3 which may be a target after ...Nc6-e5. While 9...Nc6?! is Black's most common reply according to ChessBase's database, after 10.d5 Ne5 Black's knight lacks a target, and will soon be chased out with f2-f4, and this line has scored very poorly for Black. The main line in the Voronezh, and the second most common reply, is 9...e5 10.dxe5 dxe5 11.Qxd8 Rxd8 12.c5 N6d7 (This retreat is forced since 12...Nd5?? loses the knight due to the 13.Rd1 pin) when Black must play carefully to unentangle and challenge the White pawn on c5. Other lines against the Voronezh include 9...f5 leading to sharp play. Other solid moves such as 9...e6, ...Bd7, ...Bf5, and ...a5 are possible as well. According to John Cox, the 9...e5 line is adequate, but Black needs to know the line well.
The Voronezh was recommended by John Emms and noted as a big problem by Nigel Davies, leading many players to opt for the more solid 5...exd6 line.
However, the line offers Black less opportunity for counterplay. In this line Black usually develops the king bishop via ...Be7 and ...Bf6, because Bg5 can be bothersome against a fianchetto setup with ...g6 and ...Bg7, e.g. 6.Nc3 g6 7.Nf3 Bg7 8.Bg5.
Modern Variation: 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3
Modern Variation 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3
The Modern Variation is the most common variation of the Alekhine Defence. As in the Exchange Variation, White accepts a more modest spatial advantage, and hopes to be able to hang on to it. There are a number of possible Black responses:
4...Bg4, pinning the knight is the most common response, which White usually parries with 5.Be2. Black will often voluntarily surrender the bishop pair by ...Bxf3 because the white knight is a fairly strong piece, and capturing it undermines the white centre pawns. Champions of this line include Lev Alburt, Vlatko Kovačević and the late Vladimir Bagirov.
4...g6, preparing to fianchetto a bishop to oppose White's central pawn mass, is also often seen. This variation was played in the thirteenth game of the Match of the Century between Boris Spassky and Bobby Fischer. (The nineteenth game of the same match featured the more common 4...Bg4.) Alburt has also played this line frequently. White usually replies with 5.Bc4, the Keres Variation.
4...dxe5 (the Larsen Variation) is another possibility which can lead to the sharp sacrificial line 5.Nxe5 Nd7 6.Nxf7!? Kxf7 7.Qh5+ Ke6. The sacrifice is, at the very least, good enough to draw after 8.Qg4+; Larsen tried the suicidal 8...Kd6? against Fischer during the Santa Monica Blitz tournament in 1966, and lost quickly after 9.c4. Black should therefore acquiesce to the perpetual check with 8...Kf7 9.Qh5+ Ke6 etc. Instead, 8.c4 can be played if White is aiming to win. White can also simply retreat the knight with 5.Nf3. If Black does not want to allow the sacrifice, other options after 5.Nxe5 are 5...g6 (the Kengis Variation) and 5...c6 (the Miles Variation). The idea behind both moves is to challenge the e5 knight with Nd7 only after the sacrifice on f7 has become unsound. The Kengis variation looks more natural but white has several sharp ideas such as 6.c4 and the wild 6.Qf3!?. Therefore 5...c6 has become more common; despite the passive look this waiting move discourages white most ambitious continuations. Now 6.c4 can be met with the very interesting 6...Nb4!? while 6.Bc4 can either transpose to quieter lines of the Kengis or give rise to independent variations in which black avoids the king's bishop fianchetto. White's most popular move is 6.Be2 (6.Bd3!?) when black continues with either the immediate Nd7 of 6...Bf5. Against the latter an aggressive possibility (introduced by Kasparov against Short and then improved by Judith Polgar) is 7.g4!?. In top level chess, the line with 5...c6 has largely displaced 4...Bg4 as the main line.
4...c6 is passive but solid, creating a position which is difficult to attack.
In most variations, Black can play ...Bg4 to transpose into the 4...Bg4 line.
Balogh Variation: 3.d4 d6 4.Bc4
Balogh Variation 3.d4 d6 4.Bc4
The first recorded use of this variation was on August 13, 1929, in Carlsbad, Bohemia. Esteban Canal was white and Edgard Colle was black. White resigned after Black's 40th move.
Unlike several other sidelines, 4. Bc4 is fairly popular. The line contains some traps that can snare the unwary. For example 4...dxe5 5.dxe5 Nb6?? loses the queen to 6.Bxf7!. Instead, the main line is 4...Nb6 5.Bb3, when Black has usually played 5...dxe5 6.Qh5 e6 7.dxe5 (the "old main line" according to Cox) or 5...Bf5 when White can among other things try the obstructive pawn sacrifice 6.e6. In either case, White obtains attacking chances, and so Taylor recommends 5...d5 followed by 6...e6 to reach a position akin to the French Defense.
Two Pawns Attack: 3.c4 Nb6 4.c5
Two Pawns Attack 3.c4 Nb6 4.c5
The Two Pawns Attack (also known as the Lasker Attack or the Chase Variation) is also an ambitious try. White may gain attacking prospects, but it might cost a pawn to do so. White's pawns on c5 and e5 secure a spatial advantage, but the d5 square has been weakened. Unlike the Four Pawns Attack, the White centre is not as fluid and the game takes on a more strategic character.
Aesthetically, 4.c5 looks positionally suspect, since White's pawn advances have severely weakened the d5-square. White's intention is to grab space and mobility so that those strategic deficiencies are of little consequence.
Black must play 4...Nd5, whereupon White will usually challenge the knight with moves like Bc4 and Nc3. Black can defend the knight with ...c6 or ...e6, sometimes playing both. Typically, Black then challenges White's pawns on e5 and c5 with moves like ...d6 and ...b6.
The statistics presented by Cox show this variation scoring poorly for White, with all of Black's main defenses scoring at least 50%.
Two Knights Variation: 3.Nc3
Two Knights Variation 3.Nc3
The Two Knights Variation is a variation where White immediately accepts doubled pawns after 3...Nxc3 for some compensation. After 4.dxc3 this compensation is rapid piece development. Although the line after 4...d6, challenging the e-pawn often can lead to fairly dull positions, the position remains open and Black can quickly succumb with poor defense, for example after 5.Bc4 dxe5?? 6.Bxf7+!, White wins the queen on d8. After 4.bxc3 White's compensation for the doubled pawns is a big centre that can be used as a basis for a kingside attack. The resulting pawn structure leads to position similar to that of the Winawer variation of the French Defense.
If Black does not want to defend against White's attacking opportunities against 3...Nxc3 4.dxc3, then 3...e6 is a reasonable alternative that was Alekhine's choice when meeting the Two Knights, and this defense has been advocated by Taylor. If White plays 4.d4, then 4...Nxc3 forces White into the bxc3 line reminiscent of the French. If 4.Nxd5 exd5, Black will quickly dissolve the doubled pawns with ...d6, and the resulting position will tend to be drawish.
Minor sidelines after 2.e5 Nd5
In Endre Steiner-Alexander Alekhine, Budapest 1921, the first high level game with the Alekhine Defense, White played 3.d4 d6 4.Bg5. Cox recommends 4...h6 5.Bh4 dxe5 6.dxe5 Bf5, followed by ...Nc6 and ...Ndb4, targeting c2.
4.Bg5 from Steiner-Alekhine
Another rare line, but one that scores well in practice is 3.d4 d6 4.Be2, preventing Black from playing 4...Bg4 while retaining the option of making the pawn advance f2-f4.
3.c4 Nb6 4.a4
After 3.c4 Nb6 4.a4, White aims at chasing the Black knight away followed by a pawn sacrifice that impairs Black's development, for example by 4...d6 5.a5 Nd7 6.e6. It is possible for Black to allow this, but it is simpler to prevent it by 4...a5. White's main continuation is to deploy the queenside rook for duties on the kingside with 5.Ra3, followed by Rg3 at some point when the attack on g7 is supposed to tie Black down from developing the bishop to e7. However, after 5...d6 6.exd6 exd6 7.Rg3 Bf5, Black can carry through with 8...Be7 anyway, since after 9.Rxg7 the rook would be trapped and lost to 9...Bg6 and 10...Bf6. The idea for this unusual early "rook lift" probably originated with the well-known American International Master Emory Tate. Women's World Champion Grandmaster Maria Muzychuk, World Junior Champion GM Lu Shanglei and GM Nazar Firman have experimented with this line and achieved some success with it.
Alternatives to 2...Nd5
After 2.e5, the 2...Nd5 is almost universally played. The two other knight moves that do not hang it to the queen on d1 are 2...Ng8 and 2...Ne4.
2...Ng8, undeveloping the knight immediately, was named the "Brooklyn Defense" in honour of his hometown by Grandmaster Joel Benjamin, who calls this his "pet line". Although Black might be said to be giving odds of three moves, White only has a small advantage according to theory. The first recorded use of the Brooklyn Variation was in 1905 in Vienna where Aron Nimzowitsch with White checkmated Adolf Albin on the 34th move.
Very dubious is 2...Ne4?, which John L. Watson and Eric Schiller dub the "Mokele Mbembe". They analyze 3.d4 f6 4.Bd3 d5 5.f3 Ng5 6.Bxg5 fxg5 7.f4! g6! 8.Nf3! g4 (they also analyze 8...gxf4 9.Ng5! e6 10.Qg4! Qe7 11.0-0 and 8...Bg4 9.h3, both leading a large advantage for White) 9.Ng5 Bh6 10.Nxh7 Rxh7 11.Bxg6+ Rf7 12.Qd3 Bf8 13.f5 e6 14.f6 Qd7 15.h3! g3 16.Qxg3, with a winning advantage for White. Nunn's Chess Openings concludes that White gets a large advantage with 3.d4 f6 (or 3...e6 4.Nh3 h6 5.Qg4 d5 6.f3 h5 7.Qf4 g5 8.Nxg5 Nxg5 9.Qxg5 Be7 10.Qg7) 4.Qh5+ g6 5.Qh4 d5 6.Bd3.
Alternatives to 2.e5
Instead of chasing Black's knight, White may defend the e4-pawn, either directly or through tactical means.
2.Nc3 is by far White's most common alternative to 2.e5; in fact Cox noted that he saw this move in over half his games with the Alekhine. It is often played by amateurs and those wishing to avoid a theoretical battle on territory more familiar to their opponents. Cox, however, wrote that many White players are bluffing, and in fact know nothing about either the Vienna Game or the Four Knights Game, to which the game can easily transpose if Black plays 2...e5, citing one book which recommended 2.Nc3 while assuring readers that 2...e5 is uncommon. Another transposition Black may enter is 2...d6, which usually leads to the Pirc Defence. But the independent Alekhine line is 2...d5, known as the Scandinavian Variation. After 2...d5, 3.exd5 Nxd5 4.Bc4 Nb6 or ...Nxc3 is considered roughly equal, while 4...e6 is solid but blocks in the light-squared bishop. 3.exd5 Nxd5 4.g3 has been played by the Danish correspondence player Ove Ekebjaerg, when Harald Keilhack recommends 4...Nxc3 5.bxc3 Qd5! 6.Qf3! (6.Nf3 Qe4+ is awkward in light of 7.Be2 Bh3 or 7.Qe2 Qxc2) Qe6+! 7.Qe2 ("on 7.Be2 or 7.Ne2, 7...Bd7 is unpleasant") Qxe2+ 8.Nxe2 Bd7! 9.Bg2 Bc6 10.0-0 Bxg2 11.Kxg2 Nc6 12.d3 g6 13.Rb1 0-0-0 14.c4 Bg7, when "Black has a rather comfortable position", as in Ekebjaerg-Alcantara Soares, corr. 1989. More combative is 2...d5 3.e5, when Black can choose among 3...d4, 3...Nfd7 (transposing to the Steinitz variation of the French Defence after 4.d4 e6, but 4.e6!? is a sharp alternative), 3...Ne4!?, and even 3...Ng8. While most grandmasters play the mainline 2.e5, Jonny Hector regularly plays 2.Nc3 against the Alekhine, and has scored well against the 2...d5 variation. His ideas have left White with a theoretical edge. Textbook authors of the Alekhine Defence, including Davies, Cox, and Taylor, have therefore encouraged 2...e5 over 2...d5.
2.d3 (the Maroczy Variation) is less common. Although playable, 2.d3 blocks in White's light-squared bishop, so the variation is considered somewhat passive. If White fianchettoes that bishop, transposition to a King's Indian Attack is likely. Lev Alburt and Eric Schiller call 2.d3 "insipid" and recommend 2...d5 (or 3.Nd2 e5 with a reversed Philidor's Defence) 3.e5 Nfd7 4.f4 (4.d4 c5 5.c3 Nc6 leaves Black a tempo up on the French Defence) c5 5.Nf3 e6 6.g3!? Nc6 7.Bg2 Be7 8.0-0 b5 with equality.
2.Bc4 is rarely seen, since it allows Black to gain the bishop pair and seize space in the center. Alburt and Schiller write that after 2...Nxe4 3.Bxf7+ Kxf7 4.Qh5+ Kg8 or 4...g6 5.Qd5+ e6 6.Qxe4 Bg7 7.Qf4 Ke8! "Black has nothing to worry about." If Black does not want his king chased about, playable alternatives are 2...e5 (transposing to the Bishop's Opening), 2...d5 and 2...e6.
2.f3 is also rare, but players who like to play the Black side of the Latvian Gambit can in effect wind up playing it after 1.e4 Nf6 2.f3 e5 3.f4!?.
List of chess openings
List of chess openings named after people