Marketing in CSIR libraries and information centres : a study on promotional efforts This paper examines the attitudes of librarians towards the promotional aspects in several CSIR libraries and information centres of India . The issues related to promotional activities of these libraries have been evaluated to determine the extent to which they are being practised . Librarians hold positive attitudes about promotional aspects of libraries and often practise them without knowing they are practising marketing concepts . Suggestions and strategies for improving the promotional activities in libraries and information services are put forth so as to meet the information needs and demands of clientele

B O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O

csir libraries
information centres
india
promotional activities
marketing
information needs


Expert advice - how can my organisation take advantage of reverse auctions without jeopardising existing supplier relationships ? In a recent survey , AMR Research found that companies that use reverse auctions to negotiate prices with suppliers typically achieve savings of between 10 % and 15 % on direct goods and between 20 % and 25 % on indirect goods , and can slash sourcing cycle times from months to weeks . Suppliers , however , are less enthusiastic . They believe that these savings are achieved only by stripping the human element out of negotiations and evaluating bids on price alone , which drives down their profit margins . As a result , reverse auctions carry the risk of jeopardising long-term and trusted relationships . Suppliers that have not been involved in a reverse auction before typically fear the bidding event itself - arguably the most theatrical and , therefore , most hyped-up part of the process . Although it may only last one hour , weeks of preparation go into setting up a successful bidding event

O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O

reverse auctions
supplier relationships
preparation


The web services agenda Even the most battle-scarred of CIOs have become excited at the prospect of what web services can do for their businesses . But there are still some shortcomings to be addressed

O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


The road ahead -LSB- supply chains -RSB- Executive supply chain managers , says David Metcalfe of Forrester Research , need the skills and precision of Mongolian archers on horseback . They must be able to hit their target , in this case customer demand , while moving at great speed . But what is wrong with the supply chains companies have in place already ? According to Metcalfe , current manufacturing models are too inflexible . A recent survey conducted by Forrester Research supports this claim . It found that 42 % of respondents could not transfer production from one plant to another in the event of a glitch in the supply chain . A further 32 % said it would be possible , but extremely costly

O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

supply chains
forrester research
survey
manufacturing


Application foundations -LSB- application servers -RSB- The changing role of application servers means choosing the right platform has become a complex challenge

O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O

microsoft .net
transaction processing
security
availability
load balancing
java 2 enterprise edition


The cataloger 's workstation revisited : utilizing Cataloger 's Desktop A few years into the development of Cataloger 's Desktop , an electronic cataloging tool aggregator available through the Library of Congress , is an opportune time to assess its impact on cataloging operations . A search for online cataloging tools on the Internet indicates a proliferation of cataloging tool aggregators ; which provide access to online documentation related to cataloging practices and procedures . Cataloger 's Desktop stands out as a leader among these aggregators . Results of a survey to assess 159 academic ARL and large public libraries ' reasons for use or non-use of Cataloger 's Desktop highlight the necessity of developing strategies for its successful implementation including training staff , providing documentation , and managing technical issues

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I I

electronic cataloging tool
online cataloging tools
internet
cataloging tool aggregators
online documentation
large public libraries
academic arl
documentation
managing technical issues

cataloger's desktop
staff training
cataloger's workstation


Robust Kalman filter design for discrete time-delay systems The problem of finite - and infinite-horizon robust Kalman filtering for uncertain discrete-time systems with state delay is addressed . The system under consideration is subject to time-varying norm-bounded parameter uncertainty in both the state and output matrices . We develop a new methodology for designing a linear filter such that the error variance of the filter is guaranteed to be within a certain upper bound for any allowed uncertainty and time delay . The solution is given in terms of two Riccati equations . Multiple time-delay systems are also investigated

B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O

robust kalman filter
state delay
output matrices
linear filter
riccati equations

discrete time-delay systems
uncertain systems
time-varying parameter uncertainty
norm-bounded parameter uncertainty
state matrices
robust state estimation


Direct self control with minimum torque ripple and high dynamics for a double three-level GTO inverter drive A highly dynamic control scheme with very low torque ripple-direct self control -LRB- DSC -RRB- with torque hysteresis control-for very high-power medium-voltage induction motor drives fed by a double three-level inverter -LRB- D3LI -RRB- is presented . In this arrangement , two three-level inverters that are connected in parallel at their DC sides are feeding the open motor windings . The DSC , well known from two - and three-level inverters , is adapted to the D3LI and optimized for a minimum torque ripple . An 18-corner trajectory is chosen for the stator flux of the induction machine since it is approaching the ideal circle much better than the hexagon known from DSC for two-level inverters , without any detriment to the torque ripple . The machine and inverter control are explained and the proposed torque quality and dynamics are verified by measurements on a 180-kW laboratory drive

B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

highly dynamic control scheme
direct self control
open motor windings
stator flux
torque quality

very low torque ripple
torque hysteresis control
medium-voltage induction motor drives
double three-level inverter
parallel connected inverters
variable-speed drives
multilevel converters
machine observer
180 kw


Construction of information retrieval thesaurus for family planning terms using CDS/ISIS The thesaurus as a tool for information retrieval and as an alternative to the existing scheme of classifications in information retrieval is discussed . The paper considers the emergence of the information retrieval thesaurus and its definition . Family planning is a multidisciplinary subject covering socio economic , cultural , psychological and medical fields . This necessitated the construction of a thesaurus for the Family Planning discipline . The construction is based on UNISIST , ISO 2788 and BS 5723 guidelines by using CDS/ISIS software

O O B I B O B I I O O O B O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I B O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O B O B I O B I O O O O O

information retrieval
thesaurus
family planning terms
family planning
iso 2788
unisist
bs 5723

cds/isis software
bibliographic databases
classification
socio economic field
culture
psychology
medicine


A partial converse to Hadamard 's theorem on homeomorphisms A theorem by Hadamard gives a two-part condition under which a map from one Banach space to another is a homeomorphism . The theorem , while often very useful , is incomplete in the sense that it does not explicitly specify the family of maps for which the condition is met . Here , under a typically weak additional assumption on the map , we show that Hadamard 's condition is met if , and only if , the map is a homeomorphism with a Lipschitz continuous inverse . An application is given concerning the relation between the stability of a nonlinear system and the stability of related linear systems

O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

partial converse
homeomorphisms
banach space
lipschitz continuous inverse

hadamard theorem
nonlinear system stability
linear system stability
linearization
nonlinear feedback systems
nonlinear networks


High dynamic control of a three-level voltage-source-converter drive for a main strip mill A high dynamic control system for the Alspa VDM 7000 medium-voltage drive was implemented , which provides fast torque response times of a few milliseconds despite the typically low switching frequency of gate-turn-off thyristors which is necessary to achieve high efficiency . The drive system consists of a three-level voltage-source converter with active front end and a synchronous motor . The drive has most recently been applied to a main strip mill . It provides a maximum of 8.3-MW mechanical power with a rated motor voltage of 3 kV . Besides motor torque as the main control objective , the control system has to comply with a number of additional objectives and constraints like DC-link voltage regulation and balancing , current and torque harmonics , motor flux , and excitation

O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O B

high dynamic control system
switching frequency
efficiency
synchronous motor
strip mill
mechanical power
motor voltage
control objective
torque harmonics
motor flux
excitation
3 kv

medium-voltage drive
gate-turn-off thyristors
three-level voltage-source converter
dc-link voltage regulation
dc-link voltage balancing
current harmonics
8.3 mw


Schedulability analysis of real-time traffic in WorldFIP networks : an integrated approach The WorldFIP protocol is one of the profiles that constitute the European fieldbus standard EN-50170 . It is particularly well suited to be used in distributed computer-controlled systems where a set of process variables must be shared among network devices . To cope with the real-time requirements of such systems , the protocol provides communication services based on the exchange of periodic and aperiodic identified variables . The periodic exchanges have the highest priority and are executed at run time according to a cyclic schedule . Therefore , the respective schedulability can be determined at pre-run-time when building the schedule table . Concerning the aperiodic exchanges , the situation is different since their priority is lower and they are bandied according to a first-come-first-served policy . In this paper , a response-time-based schedulability analysis for the real-time traffic is presented . Such analysis considers both types of traffic in an integrated way , according to their priorities . Furthermore , a fixed-priorities-based policy is also used to schedule the periodic traffic . The proposed analysis represents an improvement relative to previous work and it can be evaluated online as part of a traffic online admission control . This feature is of particular importance when a planning scheduler is used , instead of the typical offline static scheduler , to allow online changes to the set of periodic process variables

O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I

worldfip networks
communication services
aperiodic exchanges
traffic online admission control
periodic process variables

real-time traffic schedulability analysis


Acts

to

facts

catalogue

The

paper

shows

a

way

to

satisfy

users

changing

and

specific

information

needs

by

providing

the

modified

format-author-collaborators-title-series-subject

-LRB-

FACTS

-RRB-

catalogue

instead

of

the

traditional

author-collaborator-title-series-subjects

-LRB-

ACTS

-RRB-

catalogue

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Anti-spam suit attempts to hold carriers accountable A lawsuit alleges that Sprint has violated Utah 's new anti-spam act . The action could open the door to new regulations on telecom service providers

O O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I I

sprint
telecom service providers
regulations
lawsuit


Indexing-neglected and poorly understood The growth of the Internet has highlighted the use of machine indexing . The difficulties in using the Internet as a searching device can be frustrating . The use of the term `` python '' is given as an example . Machine indexing is noted as `` rotten '' and human indexing as `` capricious . '' The problem seems to be a lack of a theoretical foundation for the art of indexing . What librarians have learned over the last hundred years has yet to yield a consistent approach to what really works best in preparing index terms and in the ability of our customers to search the various indexes . An attempt is made to consider the elements of indexing , their pros and cons . The argument is made that machine indexing is far too prolific in its production of index terms . Neither librarians nor computer programmers have made much progress to improve Internet indexing . Human indexing has had the same problems for over fifty years

O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O

internet
machine indexing
searching
index terms
human indexing


Digital stochastic realization of complex analog controllers Stochastic logic is based on digital processing of a random pulse stream , where the information is codified as the probability of a high level in a finite sequence . This binary pulse sequence can be digitally processed exploiting the similarity between Boolean algebra and statistical algebra . Given a random pulse sequence , any Boolean operation among individual pulses will correspond to an algebraic expression among the variables represented by their respective average pulse rates . Subsequently , this pulse stream can be digitally processed to perform analog operations . In this paper , we propose a stochastic approach to the digital implementation of complex controllers using programmable devices as an alternative to traditional digital signal processors . As an example , a practical realization of nonlinear dissipative controllers for a series resonant converter is presented

B I I O B I I B I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I I O O

digital stochastic realization
complex analog controllers
stochastic logic
random pulse stream
finite sequence
binary pulse sequence
boolean algebra
statistical algebra
random pulse sequence
boolean operation
average pulse rates
pulse stream
stochastic approach
programmable devices
nonlinear dissipative controllers
series resonant converter

parallel resonant dc-to-dc converters
series resonant dc-to-dc converters


The agile revolution -LSB- business agility -RSB- There is a new business revolution in the air . The theory is there , the technology is evolving , fast . It is all about agility

O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

software design
software deployment
organisational structures
supply chains


Image reconstruction of simulated specimens using convolution back projection This paper reports the reconstruction of cross-sections of composite structures . The convolution back projection -LRB- CBP -RRB- algorithm has been used to capture the attenuation field over the specimen . Five different test cases have been taken up for evaluation . These cases represent varying degrees of complexity . In addition , the role of filters on the nature of the reconstruction errors has also been discussed . Numerical results obtained in the study reveal that CBP algorithm is a useful tool for qualitative as well as quantitative assessment of composite regions encountered in engineering applications

B I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I

image reconstruction
simulated specimens
convolution back projection
composite structures
attenuation field
filters
reconstruction errors
cbp algorithm
composite regions
engineering applications


Information needs of the working journalists in Orissa : a study Provides an insight into the various information needs of working journalists in Orissa . Analyses data received from 226 working journalists representing 40 newspaper organisations . Also depicts the specialisation of working journalists , their frequency of information requirement , mode of dissemination preferred , information sources explored , mode of services opted , and their information privations . The study asserts that subjects primarily concerned with the professional work and image of the working journalists are rated utmost significant

B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O

information needs
working journalists
newspaper organisations
information requirement
information sources
professional work


Sensitivity calibration of ultrasonic detectors based using ADD diagrams The paper considers basic problems related to utilization of ADD diagrams in calibrating sensitivity of ultrasonic detectors . We suggest that a convenient tool for solving such problems can be the software package ADD Universal . Version 2.1 designed for plotting individual ADD diagrams for normal and slanted transducers . The software is compatible with the contemporary operational system Windows-95 -LRB- 98 -RRB- . Reference signals for calibration are generated in a sample with cylindrical holes

O B O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O B I

add diagrams
ultrasonic detectors
software package
slanted transducers
calibration
cylindrical holes
reference signals

contemporary operational system windows-95(98


Himalayan information system : a proposed model The information explosion and the development in information technology force us to develop information systems in various fields . The research on Himalaya has achieved phenomenal growth in recent years in India . The information requirements of Himalayan researchers are divergent in nature . In order to meet these divergent needs , all information generated in various Himalayan research institutions has to be collected and organized to facilitate free flow of information . This paper describes the need for a system for Himalayan information . It also presents the objectives of Himalayan information system -LRB- HIMIS -RRB- . It discusses in brief the idea of setting up a HIMIS and explains its utility to the users . It appeals to the government for supporting the development of such system

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O

information explosion
information technology
india
information requirements
himis
government

himalayan information system model
information network


Process pioneers -LSB- agile business -RSB- By managing IT infrastructures along so-called ` top down ' lines , organisations can streamline their business processes , eliminate redundant tasks and increase automation

O O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I

agile business
managing it infrastructures
business processes
increase automation


A question of perspective : assigning Library of Congress subject headings to classical literature and ancient history This article explains the concept of world view and shows how the world view of cataloguers influences the development and assignment of subject headings to works about other cultures and civilizations , using works from classical literature and ancient history as examples . Cataloguers are encouraged to evaluate the headings they assign to works in classical literature and ancient history in terms of the world views of Ancient Greece and Rome so that headings reflect the contents of the works they describe and give fuller expression to the diversity of thoughts and themes that characterize these ancient civilizations

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B

world view
cultures
civilizations
classical literature
ancient history
ancient greece

library of congress subject heading assignment


Individual decision making using fuzzy set theory The paper shows the importance of decision making by an individual and highlights the prime domain of decision making where fuzzy set theory can be used as a tool . Fuzzy set theory has been used on rational model of decision making to arrive at the desired conclusion

B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

individual decision making
fuzzy set theory


Regression testing of database applications Database applications features such as Structured Query Language or SQL , exception programming , integrity constraints , and table triggers pose difficulties for maintenance activities ; especially for regression testing that follows modifications to database applications . In this work , we address these difficulties and propose a two phase regression testing methodology . In phase 1 , we explore control flow and data flow analysis issues of database applications . Then , we propose an impact analysis technique that is based on dependencies that exist among the components of database applications . This analysis leads to selecting test cases from the initial test suite for regression testing the modified application . In phase 2 , further reduction in the regression test cases is performed by using reduction algorithms . We present two such algorithms . The Graph Walk algorithm walks through the control flow graph of database modules and selects a safe set of test cases to retest . The Call Graph Firewall algorithm uses a firewall for the inter procedural level . Finally , a maintenance environment for database applications is described . Our experience with this regression testing methodology shows that the impact analysis technique is adequate for selecting regression tests and that phase 2 techniques can be used for further reduction in the number of theses tests

O O O B I B I O O O B I I O B O B I O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


The Information Age interview - Capital One Credit card company Capital One attributes its rapid customer growth to the innovative use of cutting-edge technology . European CIO Catherine Doran talks about the systems that have fuelled that runaway success

O O O O O B I B I I B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

credit card company
capital one
customer growth


Integration - no longer a barrier ? -LSB- agile business -RSB- Web services will be a critical technology for enabling the ` agile business '

O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O

integration middleware
iona
amr research


Mapping CCF to MARC21 : an experimental approach The purpose of this article is to raise and address a number of issues pertaining to the conversion of Common Communication Format -LRB- CCF -RRB- into MARC21 . In this era of global resource sharing , exchange of bibliographic records from one system to another is imperative in today 's library communities . Instead of using a single standard to create machine-readable catalogue records , more than 20 standards have emerged and are being used by different institutions . Because of these variations in standards , sharing of resources and transfer of data from one system to another among the institutions locally and globally has become a significant problem . Addressing this problem requires keeping in mind that countries such as India and others in southeast Asia are using the CCF as a standard for creating bibliographic cataloguing records . This paper describes a way to map the bibliographic catalogue records from CCF to MARC21 , although 100 % mapping is not possible . In addition , the paper describes an experimental approach that enumerates problems that may occur during the mapping of records/exchanging of records and how these problems can be overcome

O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

marc21
global resource sharing
library communities
standards
india
southeast asia

common communication format conversion
bibliographic records exchange
machine-readable catalogue records
data transfer
ccf to marc21 mapping


Impossible choice -LSB- web hosting service provider -RSB- Selecting a telecoms and web hosting service provider has become a high-stakes game of chance

O O O B I I I O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O


Robust stability analysis for current-programmed regulators Uncertainty models for the three basic switch-mode converters : buck , boost , and buck-boost are given in this paper . The resulting models are represented by linear fractional transformations with structured dynamic uncertainties . Uncertainties are assumed for the load resistance R = R/sub O / -LRB- 1 + delta / sub R / -RRB- , inductance L = L/sub O / -LRB- 1 + delta / sub L / -RRB- , and capacitance C = C/sub O / -LRB- 1 + delta / sub C / -RRB- . The interest in these models is clearly motivated by the need to have models for switch-mode DC-DC converters that are compatible with robust control analysis , which require a model structure consisting of a nominal model and a norm-bounded modeling uncertainty . Therefore , robust stability analysis can be realized using standard mu - tools . At the end of the paper , an illustrative example is given which shows the simplicity of the procedure

B I I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

robust stability analysis
uncertainty models
linear fractional transformations
structured dynamic uncertainties
load resistance
capacitance
inductance
control analysis
nominal model

current-programmed regulators
buck converters
boost converters
buck-boost converters
switch-mode dc-dc converters
norm-bounded modeling uncertainty


IT security issues : the need for end user oriented research Considerable attention has been given to the technical and policy issues involved with IT security issues in recent years . The growth of e-commerce and the Internet , as well as widely publicized hacker attacks , have brought IT security into prominent focus and routine corporate attention . Yet , much more research is needed from the end user -LRB- EU -RRB- perspective . This position paper is a call for such research and outlines some possible directions of interest

B I O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

it security
end user oriented research
internet
hacker attacks

e-commerce
information technology research
end user computing


All change -LSB- agile business -RSB- What does it take for an organisation to become an agile business ? Its employees probably need to adhere to new procurement policies , work more closely with colleagues in other departments , meet more exacting sales targets , and offer higher standards of customer service and support . In short , they need to change the way they work . Implementing technologies to support agile business models and underpin new practices is a complex task in itself . But getting employees to adopt new practices is far harder , and one that requires careful handling , says Barry O'Connell , general manager of business-to-employee -LRB- B2E -RRB- solutions at systems vendor Hewlett-Packard -LRB- HP -RRB-

O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

corporate transformation
organisational change


Active vibration control of piezolaminated smart beams This paper deals with the active vibration control of beam like structures with distributed piezoelectric sensor and actuator layers bonded on top and bottom surfaces of the beam . A finite element model based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory has been developed . The contribution of the piezoelectric sensor and actuator layers on the mass and stiffness of the beam is considered . Three types of classical control strategies , namely direct proportional feedback , constant-gain negative velocity feedback and Lyapunov feedback and an optimal control strategy , linear quadratic regulator -LRB- LQR -RRB- scheme are applied to study their control effectiveness . Also , the control performance with different types of loading , such as impulse loading , step loading , harmonic and random loading is studied

B I I O B I I O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O B I O O

active vibration control
piezolaminated smart beams
beam like structures
bottom surfaces
finite element model
mass
stiffness
direct proportional feedback
lyapunov feedback
optimal control strategy
linear quadratic regulator
control effectiveness
impulse loading
step loading
random loading

distributed piezoelectric actuator layers


Metaschemas for ER , ORM and UML data models : a comparison This paper provides metaschemas for some of the main database modeling notations used in industry . Two Entity Relationship -LRB- ER -RRB- notations -LRB- Information Engineering and Barker -RRB- are examined in detail , as well as Object Role Modeling -LRB- ORM -RRB- conceptual schema diagrams . The discussion of optionality , cardinality and multiplicity is widened to include Unified Modeling Language -LRB- UML -RRB- class diagrams . Issues addressed in the metamodel analysis include the normalization impact of non-derived constraints on derived associations , the influence of orthogonality on language transparency , and trade-offs between simplicity and expressibility . To facilitate comparison , the same modeling notation is used to display each metaschema . For this purpose , ORM is used because of its greater expressibility and clarity

B O O O B O B B I O O O O O O B O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B O B I I O O O O B O B O B O O O O B I I O B O B I O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O

metaschemas
data models
uml
database modeling notations
information engineering
object role modeling
conceptual schema diagrams
optionality
cardinality
multiplicity
unified modeling language
class diagrams
normalization
orthogonality
language transparency
orm

entity relationship modeling
barker notation


Lifting factorization of discrete W transform A general method is proposed to factor the type-IV discrete W transform -LRB- DWT-IV -RRB- into lifting steps and additions . Then , based on the relationships among various types of DWTs , four types of DWTs are factored into lifting steps and additions . After approximating the lifting matrices , we get four types of new integer DWTs -LRB- IntDWT-I , IntDWT-II , IntDWT-III , and IntDWT-IV -RRB- which are floating-point multiplication free . Integer-to-integer transforms -LRB- II-DWT -RRB- , which approximate to DWT , are also proposed . Fast algorithms are given for the new transforms and their computational complexities are analyzed

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

lifting factorization
dwt
lifting matrices

discrete wavelet transform
integer transforms
computational complexity
data compression
feature extraction
multiframe detection
filter bank
lossless coding schemes
mobile devices
integer arithmetic
mobile computing


At your service -LSB- agile businesses -RSB- Senior software executives from three of the world 's leading software companies , and one smaller , entrepreneurial software developer , explain the impact that web services , business process management and integrated application architectures are having on their product development plans , and share their vision of the roles these products will play in creating agile businesses

O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

agile businesses
integrated application architectures
business process management
web services
software companies


Design and implementation of a new sliding-mode observer for speed-sensorless control of induction machine In this letter , a new sliding-mode-sensorless control algorithm is proposed for the field-oriented induction machine drive . In the proposed algorithm , the terms containing flux , speed , and rotor time constant , which are common in both current and flux equations , in the current model of the induction machine are estimated by a sliding function . The flux and speed estimation accuracy is guaranteed when the error between the actual current and observed current converges to zero . Hence , the fourth-order system is reduced to two second-order systems , and the speed estimation becomes very simple and robust to the parameter uncertainties . The new approach is verified by simulation and experimental results

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O B I I O O O O O O O O B O O O O B I O O B I O O O O B I O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

induction machine
flux
speed
rotor time constant
current model
sliding function
parameter uncertainties

speed-sensorless control
sliding-mode observer
induction motor drive
sensorless control
flux equations
current equations
speed estimation accuracy
fourth-order system reduction


Robotically enhanced placement of left ventricular epicardial electrodes during implantation of a biventricular implantable cardioverter defibrillator system Biventricular pacing has gained increasing acceptance in advanced heart failure patients . One major limitation of this therapy is positioning the left ventricular stimulation lead via the coronary sinus . This report demonstrates the feasibility of totally endoscopic direct placement of an epicardial stimulation lead on the left ventricle using the daVinci surgical system

O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I

left ventricular epicardial electrodes
coronary sinus
davinci surgical system
totally endoscopic direct placement
advanced heart failure patients

biventricular implantable cardioverter defibrillator system implantation

left ventricular stimulation lead positioning


Continuous-time linear systems : folklore and fact We consider a family of continuous input-output maps representing linear time-invariant systems that take a set of signals into itself . It is shown that this family contains maps whose impulse response is the zero function , but which take certain inputs into nonzero outputs . It is shown also that this family contains members whose input-output properties are not described by their frequency domain response functions , and that the maps considered need not even commute

O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O

linear systems
impulse response
zero function
frequency domain response

continuous-time systems
continuous input-output maps
time-invariant systems
commutation
signal processing


Portal payback The benefits of deploying a corporate portal are well-documented : access to applications and content is centralised , so users do not spend hours searching for information ; the management of disparate applications is also centralised , and by allowing users to access ` self-service ' applications in areas such as human resources and procurement , organisations spend less time on manual processing tasks . But how far can prospective customers rely on the ROI figures presented to them by portal technology vendors ? In particular , how reliable are the ` ROI calculators ' these vendors supply on their web sites ?

O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O

return on investment
roi calculator
metrics


Robust output-feedback control for linear continuous uncertain state delayed systems with unknown time delay The state-delayed time often is unknown and independent of other variables in most real physical systems . A new stability criterion for uncertain systems with a state time-varying delay is proposed . Then , a robust observer-based control law based on this criterion is constructed via the sequential quadratic programming method . We also develop a separation property so that the state feedback control law and observer can be independently designed and maintain closed-loop system stability . An example illustrates the availability of the proposed design method

O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

uncertain systems
state delayed systems
time delay
sequential quadratic programming
state feedback control law

robust control
output-feedback control
linear continuous systems
state time-varying delay
observer-based control law
closed-loop system stability


Human factors research on data modeling : a review of prior research , an extended framework and future research directions This study reviews and synthesizes human factors research on conceptual data modeling . In addition to analyzing the variables used in earlier studies and summarizing the results of this stream of research , we propose a new framework to help with future efforts in this area . The study finds that prior research has focused on issues that are relevant when conceptual models are used for communication between systems analysts and developers -LRB- Analyst Developer models -RRB- whereas the issues important for models that are used to facilitate communication between analysts and users -LRB- User-Analyst models -RRB- have received little attention and , hence , require a significantly stronger role in future research . In addition , we emphasize the importance of building a strong theoretical foundation and using it to guide future empirical work in this area

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

human factors
conceptual data modeling
future efforts
analyst developer models


Knowledge management The article defines knowledge management , discusses its role , and describes its functions . It also explains the principles of knowledge management , enumerates the strategies involved in knowledge management , and traces its history in brief . The focus is on its interdisciplinary nature . The steps involved in knowledge management i.e. identifying , collecting and capturing , selecting , organizing and storing , sharing , applying , and creating , are explained . The pattern of knowledge management initiatives is also considered

B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O


Multicell converters : active control and observation of flying-capacitor voltages The multicell converters introduced more than ten years ago make it possible to distribute the voltage constraints among series-connected switches and to improve the output waveforms -LRB- increased number of levels and apparent frequency -RRB- . The balance of the constraints requires an appropriate distribution of the flying voltages . This paper presents some solutions for the active control of the voltages across the flying capacitors in the presence of rapid variation of the input voltage . The latter part of this paper is dedicated to the observation of these voltages using an original modeling of the converter

B I O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

multicell converters
active control
input voltage

flying-capacitor voltages
kalman filtering
multilevel systems
nonlinear systems
power electronics
power systems harmonics
series-connected switches
output waveforms improvement


Design of high-performance wavelets for image coding using a perceptual time domain criterion This paper presents a new biorthogonal linear-phase wavelet design for image compression . Instead of calculating the prototype filters as spectral factors of a half-band filter , the design is based on the direct optimization of the low pass analysis filter using an objective function directly related to a perceptual criterion for image compression . This function is defined as the product of the theoretical coding gain and an index called the peak-to-peak ratio , which was shown to have high correlation with perceptual quality . A distinctive feature of the proposed technique is a procedure by which , given a `` good '' starting filter , `` good '' filters of longer lengths are generated . The results are excellent , showing a clear improvement in perceptual image quality . Also , we devised a criterion for constraining the coefficients of the filters in order to design wavelets with minimum ringing

O O O O O B I O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

image coding
perceptual time domain criterion
image compression
prototype filters
analysis filter
objective function
coding gain
perceptual image quality


Aggregate bandwidth estimation in stored video distribution systems Multimedia applications like video on demand , distance learning , Internet video broadcast , etc. will play a fundamental role in future broadband networks . A common aspect of such applications is the transmission of video streams that require a sustained relatively high bandwidth with stringent requirements of quality of service . In this paper various original algorithms for evaluating , in a video distribution system , a statistical estimation of aggregate bandwidth needed by a given number of smoothed video streams are proposed and discussed . The variable bit rate traffic generated by each video stream is characterized by its marginal distribution and by conditional probabilities between rates of temporary closed streams . The developed iterative algorithms evaluate an upper and lower bound of needed bandwidth for guaranteeing a given loss probability . The obtained results are compared with simulations and with other results , based on similar assumptions , already presented in the literature . Some considerations on the developed algorithms are made , in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods

B I I O B I I I B I O B I I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O B I I O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

aggregate bandwidth estimation
stored video distribution systems
multimedia applications
video on demand
distance learning
internet video broadcast
broadband networks
quality of service
statistical estimation
variable bit rate traffic
marginal distribution
conditional probabilities
temporary closed streams
iterative algorithms
lower bound
loss probability
simulations

video streams transmission
upper bound
vod
video coding
qos


Banking on SMA funds -LSB- separately managed accounts -RSB- From investment management to technology to back-office services , outsourcers are elbowing their way into the SMA business . Small banks are paying attention-and hoping to reap the rewards

O O O O O B I I O O B I O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O

separately managed accounts
investment management
technology
outsourcers
small banks


On bivariate dependence and the convex order We investigate the interplay between variability -LRB- in the sense of the convex order -RRB- and dependence in a bivariate framework , extending some previous results in this area . We exploit the fact that discrete uniform distributions are dense in the space of probability measures in the topology of weak convergence to prove our central result . We also obtain a partial result in the general multivariate case . Our findings can be interpreted in terms of the impact of component variability on the mean life of correlated serial and parallel systems

O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O B I

bivariate dependence
convex order
discrete uniform distributions
probability measures
topology
weak convergence
component variability
mean life
parallel systems

serial systems
bivariate probability distributions


Web services boost integration Microsoft and IBM have announced products to help their database software co-exist with competitors ' offerings . The products use web services technology allowing users to improve integration between databases and application software from rival vendors

O O O O B O B O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O

web services technology
microsoft
ibm
database software


Enhancing the reliability of modular medium-voltage drives A method to increase the reliability of modular medium-voltage induction motor drives is discussed , by providing means to bypass a failed module . The impact on reliability is shown . A control , which maximizes the output voltage available after bypass , is described , and experimental results are given

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Life after bankruptcy -LSB- telecom carriers -RSB- How comeback telecom carriers are changing industry economics , and why others may have no choice but to follow their lead

O O B O B I O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O

telecom carriers
industry economics
bankruptcy


Optimal allocation of runs in a simulation metamodel with several independent variables Cheng and Kleijnen -LRB- 1999 -RRB- propose a very general regression metamodel for modelling the output of a queuing system . Its main limitations are that the regression function is based on a polynomial and that it can use only one independent variable . These limitations are removed here . We derive an explicit formula for the optimal way of assigning simulation runs to the different design points

O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

simulation metamodel
independent variables
general regression metamodel
queuing system
regression function


Sufficient conditions on nonemptiness and boundedness of the solution set of the P/sub 0 / function nonlinear complementarity problem The P/sub 0 / function nonlinear complementarity , problem -LRB- NCP -RRB- has attracted a lot of attention among researchers . Various assumed conditions , which ensure that the NCP has a solution have been proposed . In this paper , by using the notion of an exceptional family of elements we develop a sufficient condition which ensures that the solution set of the P/sub 0 / function NCP is nonempty and bounded . In particular , we prove that many existing assumed conditions imply this sufficient condition . Thus , these conditions imply that the solution set of the P/sub 0 / function NCP is nonempty and bounded . In addition , we also prove directly that a few existence conditions imply that the solution set of the P/sub 0 / function NCP is bounded

B I O B O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O

sufficient conditions
nonemptiness
boundedness
solution set

p/sub 0/ function nonlinear complementarity problem


Waiting-time distribution of a discrete-time multiserver queue with correlated arrivals and deterministic service times : D-MAP/D/k system We derive the waiting-time distribution of a discrete-time multiserver queue with correlated arrivals and deterministic -LRB- or constant -RRB- service times . We show that the procedure for obtaining the waiting-time distribution of a multiserver queue is reduced to that of a single-server queue . We present a complete solution to the waiting-time distribution of D-MAP/D/k queue together with some computational results

O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

correlated arrivals
deterministic service times

waiting-time distribution
discrete-time multiserver queue
d-map/d/k system
markovian arrival process


A three-tier technology training strategy in a dynamic business environment As end-user training becomes increasingly important in today 's technology-intensive business environment , progressive companies remain alert to find ways to provide their end users with timely training and resources . This paper describes an innovative training strategy adopted by one midsize organization to provide its end users with adequate , flexible , and responsive training . The paper then compares the three-tier strategy with other models described in technology training literature . Managers who supervise technology end users in organizations comparable to the one in the study may find the three-tier strategy workable and may want to use it in their own training programs to facilitate training and improve end-user skills . Researchers and scholars may find that the idea of three-tier training generates new opportunities for research

O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

dynamic business environment
companies
innovative training strategy
midsize organization
organizations


New water management system begins operation at US projects The US Army Corps of Engineers has developed a new automated information system to support its water control management mission . The new system provides a variety of decision support tools , enabling water control managers to acquire , transform , verify , store , display , analyse , and disseminate data and information efficiently and around the clock

O B I I O O O B I O B I I I I O O O O B I I O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

water management system
us projects
us army corps of engineers
automated information system
water control management mission
decision support tools
water control managers

watershed modelling
data dissemination
data acquisition
data storage
data verification
data display
data analysis
data visualization
decision support system
corps water management system


A unifying co-operative Web caching architecture Network caching of objects has become a standard way of reducing network traffic and latency in the Web . However , Web caches exhibit poor performance with a hit rate of about 30 % . A solution to improve this hit rate is to have a group of proxies form co-operation where objects can be cached for later retrieval . A cooperative cache system includes protocols for hierarchical and transversal caching . The drawback of such a system lies in the resulting network load due to the number of messages that need to be exchanged to locate an object . This paper proposes a new co-operative Web caching architecture , which unifies previous methods of Web caching . Performance results shows that the architecture achieve up to 70 % co-operative hit rate and accesses the cached object in at most two hops . Moreover , the architecture is scalable with low traffic and database overhead

O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

network caching
cooperative cache system
protocols
transversal caching
network load

co-operative web caching architecture
network traffic reduction
network latency reduction
co-operative hit rate
hierarchical caching
scalable architecture
low traffic overhead
low database overhead
web browser
world wide web


A network simplex algorithm with O -LRB- n -RRB- consecutive degenerate pivots We suggest a pivot rule for the primal simplex algorithm for the minimum cost flow problem , known as the network simplex algorithm . Due to degeneracy , cycling may occur in the network simplex algorithm . The cycling can be prevented by maintaining strongly feasible bases proposed by Cunningham -LRB- 1976 -RRB- ; however , if we do not impose any restrictions on the entering variables , the algorithm can still perform an exponentially long sequence of degenerate pivots . This phenomenon is known as stalling . Researchers have suggested several pivot rules with the following bounds on the number of consecutive degenerate pivots : m , n/sup 2 / , k -LRB- k + 1 -RRB- / 2 , where n is the number of nodes in the network , m is the number of arcs in the network , and k is the number of degenerate arcs in the basis . -LRB- Observe that k < or = n. -RRB- In this paper , we describe an anti-stalling pivot rule that ensures that the network simplex algorithm performs at most k consecutive degenerate pivots . This rule uses a negative cost augmenting cycle to identify a sequence of entering variables

O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O B I I O O O B O B O O O O B I I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O

network simplex algorithm
degenerate pivots
minimum cost flow problem
degeneracy
cycling
stalling
negative cost augmenting cycle


Questioning the RFP process -LSB- telecom -RSB- In the current climate , the most serious concern about the purchasing habits of telecom carriers is obviously the lack of spending . Even against a backdrop of economic constraints and financial struggles , however , genuine concerns about the purchasing process itself are being raised by some of those closest to it

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

sales cycle
request for information
request for proposal


Multi-hour design of survivable classical IP networks Most of Internet intra-domain routing protocols -LRB- OSPF , RIP , and IS-IS -RRB- are based on shortest path routing . The path length is defined as the sum of metrics associated with the path links . These metrics are often managed by the network administrator . In this context , the design of an Internet backbone network consists in dimensioning the network -LRB- routers and transmission links -RRB- and establishing the metric . Many requirements have to be satisfied . First , Internet traffic is not static as significant variations can be observed during the day . Second , many failures can occur -LRB- cable cuts , hardware failures , software failures , etc. -RRB- . We present algorithms -LRB- meta-heuristics and greedy heuristic -RRB- to design Internet backbone networks , taking into account the multi-hour behaviour of traffic and some survivability requirements . Many multi-hour and protection strategies are studied and numerically compared . Our algorithms can be extended to integrate other quality of service constraints

O O O B I I I O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I

survivable classical ip networks
ospf
rip
shortest path routing
path length
path links
network administrator
internet backbone network
internet traffic
transmission links
survivability requirements
quality of service constraints

multi-hour design
internet intra-domain routing protocols
is-is
network dimensioning
network routers
network failures
meta-heuristics algorithm
greedy heuristic algorithm
network protection
qos constraints


A study of computer attitudes of non-computing students of technical colleges in Brunei Darussalam The study surveyed 268 non-computing students among three technical colleges in Brunei Darussalam . The study validated an existing instrument to measure computer attitudes of non-computing students , and identified factors that contributed to the formation of their attitudes . The findings show that computer experience and educational qualification are associated with students ' computer attitudes . In contrast , variables such as gender , age , ownership of a personal computer -LRB- PC -RRB- , geographical location of institution , and prior computer training appeared to have no impact on computer attitudes

O O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I

computer attitudes
noncomputing students
computer experience
educational qualification
gender
age
computer training
technical colleges

survey
personal computer ownership
educational computing
end user computing


Updating systems for monitoring and controlling power equipment on the basis of the firmware system SARGON The economic difficulties experienced by the power industry of Russia has considerably retarded the speed of commissioning new capacities and reconstructing equipment in service . The increasing deterioration of the equipment at power stations makes the problem of its updating very acute . The main efforts of organizations working in the power industry are now focused on updating all kinds of equipment installed at power installations . The necessary condition for the efficient operation of power equipment is to carry out serious modernization of systems for monitoring and control -LRB- SMC -RRB- of technological processes . The specialists at ZAO NVT-Avtomatika have developed efficient technology for updating the SMC on the basis of the firmware system SARGON which ensures the fast introduction of high-quality systems of automation with a minimal payback time of the capital outlay . This paper discusses the updating of equipment using SARGON

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

sargon firmware system
zao nvt-avtomatika
monitoring systems
control systems
power equipment monitoring
power equipment control


Simulation of physicochemical processes of erosion-corrosion of metals in two-phase flows A computational model for the erosion-corrosion of the metals used in power equipment in two-phase flows -LRB- RAMEK-2 -RRB- was developed . The results of calculations of the dependency of the intensity of the erosion-corrosion of structural steels as a function of the thermodynamic , hydrodynamic and water chemistry parameters of these flows in the working paths of thermal power stations and nuclear power stations are presented in a three-dimensional space . On the basis of mathematical models , application software was created for forecasting the erosion-corrosion resource and for optimizing the rules on diagnosis and protective maintenance of erosion-corrosion of the elements of the wet-steam path in power stations

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O

structural steels
application software
protective maintenance

erosion-corrosion computational model
two-phase flows
ramek-2
computer simulation
thermodynamic parameters
hydrodynamic parameters
water-chemistry parameters
three-dimensional space
thermal power plants
nuclear power plants
fault diagnosis
wet-steam path


New wrinkle on the Web ? Hmm . -LSB- banking -RSB- The financial sector produced its share of technology hype during the new economy years . You . ca n't blame folks if the next next thing , a wave of Internet-related innovation called Web services , is being met with healthy skepticism . Many gurus are placing their bets on Web services to drive the next chapter of finance technology , dramatically upgrading disappointing automated customer management strategies by electronically breaking down barriers between products , firms and customers , and perhaps creating a whole new line of business in the process . But it 's not a magic wand . It does n't change the need for a bank to reorganize and streamline its operations

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O


Algorithmic results for ordered median problems In a series of papers a new type of objective function in location theory , called ordered median function , has been introduced and analyzed . This objective function unifies and generalizes most common objective functions used in location theory . In this paper we identify finite dominating sets for these models and develop polynomial time algorithms together with a detailed complexity analysis

B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O B I I

algorithmic results
ordered median problems
objective function
location theory
ordered median function
finite dominating sets
polynomial time algorithms
detailed complexity analysis


Use of extra degrees of freedom in multilevel drives Multilevel converters with series connection of semiconductors allow power electronics to reach medium voltages -LRB- 1-10 kV -RRB- with relatively standard components . The increase of the number of semiconductors provides extra degrees of freedom , which can be used to improve different characteristics . This paper is focused on variable-speed drives and it is shown that with the proposed multilevel direct torque control strategy -LRB- DiCoIF -RRB- the tradeoff between the performances of the drive -LRB- harmonic distortions , torque dynamics , voltage step gradients , etc. -RRB- and the switching frequency of the semiconductors is improved . Then , a slightly modified strategy reducing common-mode voltage and bearing currents is presented

O O O B I I O B I O O O B I O B O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I I O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O

variable-speed drives
common-mode voltage reduction
delay estimation
industrial power systems
insulated gate bipolar transistors
state estimation
fixed-frequency dynamic control
1 to 10 kv


Cooperative mutation based evolutionary programming for continuous function optimization An evolutionary programming -LRB- EP -RRB- algorithm adapting a new mutation operator is presented . Unlike most previous EPs , in which each individual is mutated on its own , each individual in the proposed algorithm is mutated in cooperation with the other individuals . This not only enhances convergence speed but also gives more chance to escape from local minima

B I I I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I

cooperative mutation based evolutionary programming


Vector algebra proofs for geometry theorems Vector mathematics can generate simple and powerful proofs of theorems in plane geometry . These proofs can also be used to generalize plane geometry theorems to higher dimensions . We present three vector proofs that show the power of this technique . 1 . For any quadrilateral , the sum of the squares of the diagonals is less than or equal to the sum of the squares of the sides . 2 . The area of a quadrilateral is half the product of the diagonals multiplied by the sine of an included angle . 3 . One quarter of all triangles are acute -LRB- Based upon the options detailed below , with respect to the relative lengths of the sides -RRB- . This paper presents a set of examples of vector mathematics applied to geometry problems . Some of the most beautiful and sophisticated proofs in mathematics involve using multiple representations of the same data . By leveraging the advantages of each representation one finds new and useful mathematical facts

O O B O O O B I O O O O O B O O O B I O O B O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

vector mathematics
plane geometry
multiple representations
quadrilateral
proofs


VoIP makeover transforms ugly duckling network Surrey County Council 's Swan project is Europe 's biggest implementation of voice over IP . Six Wans and countless Lans are are being consolidated into a single network covering 6,000 users at 200 sites . The contract was signed in October 2001 for Pounds 13m over five years and rollout will be completed in May 2003

O O O O O O B I I O B O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

surrey county council
swan
voice over ip


19in monitors -LSB- CRT survey -RSB- Upgrade your monitor from as little as Pounds 135 . With displays on test and ranging up to Pounds 400 , whether you 're after the last word in quality or simply looking for again , this Labs holds the answer . Looks at ADI MicroScan M900 , CTX PR960F , Eizo FlexScan T766 , Hansol 920D , Hansol920P , Hitachi CM715ET , Hitachi CM721FET , liyama Vision Master Pro 454 , LG Flatron 915FT Plus , Mitsubishi Diamond Pro 920 , NEC MultiSync FE950 + , Philips 109S40 , Samsung SyncMaster 959NF , Sony Multiscan CPD-G420 , and ViewSonic G90f

B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I O B I I O B I O B O B I O B I O B I I I I O B I I I O B I I I O B I I O O B I O B I I O O O O O O B I

19in monitors
crt survey
adi microscan m900
ctx pr960f
eizo flexscan t766
hansol 920d
hansol920p
hitachi cm715et
hitachi cm721fet
liyama vision master pro 454
lg flatron 915ft plus
mitsubishi diamond pro 920
nec multisync fe950
philips 109s40
samsung syncmaster 959nf
viewsonic g90f


War games : The truth -LSB- network security -RSB- With al Qaeda on the tip of tongues around the world , find out how terror groups could target your network . What are the dangers and how do you fight them ?

O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


The quadratic 0-1 knapsack problem with series-parallel support We consider various special cases of the quadratic 0-1 knapsack problem -LRB- QKP -RRB- for which the underlying graph structure is fairly simple . For the variant with edge series-parallel graphs , we give a dynamic programming algorithm with pseudo-polynomial time complexity , and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme . In strong contrast to this , the variant with vertex series-parallel graphs is shown to be strongly NP-complete

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

quadratic 0-1 knapsack problem
series-parallel support
pseudo-polynomial time complexity
np-complete problem


Banks pin their back-office hopes on successors to screen scrapers The big name in account aggregation has been Yodlee , based in Redwood Shores , CA . It pioneered the art of screen scraping , or pulling data off Web sites and aggregating it into a single statement . That data , however , is a snapshot and does not include a customer 's investment history . Also , because Web sites update data at different times , scraping them can provide an inaccurate picture of a customer 's financial situation , making it difficult for reps seeking to provide timely and accurate advice . The objective is to access both fresh and historical data across a client 's financial spectrum , from investments to checking accounts and loans to insurance policies , a Complete Customer balance sheet . At least two technology vendors are progressing in that direction , each coming from different directions . One is Advent , based in San Francisco , another is Fincentric , out of Vancouver

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O

account aggregation
yodlee
screen scraping
investment
web sites
checking
loans
insurance
advent
fincentric


Efficient feasibility testing for dial-a-ride problems Dial-a-ride systems involve dispatching a vehicle to satisfy demands from a set of customers who call a vehicle-operating agency requesting that an item tie picked up from a specific location and delivered to a specific destination . Dial-a-ride problems differ from other routing and scheduling problems , in that they typically involve service-related constraints . It is common to have maximum wait time constraints and maximum ride time constraints . In the presence of maximum wait time and maximum ride time restrictions , it is not clear how to efficiently determine , given a sequence of pickups and deliveries , whether a feasible schedule exists . We demonstrate that this , in fact , can be done in linear time

O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

feasibility testing
dispatching
routing
scheduling
maximum wait time constraints
maximum ride time constraints

dial-a-ride problems
vehicle-operating agency
service-related constraints


How does attitude impact IT implementation : a study of small business owners According to previous studies , attitude towards information technology -LRB- IT -RRB- among small business owners appears to be a key factor in achieving high quality IT implementations . In an effort to extend this stream of research , we conducted case studies with small business owners and learned that high quality IT implementations resulted with owners who had positive or negative attitudes toward IT , but not with owners who had uncertain attitudes . Owners with apolar attitude , either positive or negative , all took action to temper the uncertainty and risk surrounding the use of new IT in their organization . In contrast , owners with uncertain attitudes did not make mitigating attempts to reduce uncertainty and risk . A consistent finding among those with high quality IT implementations was an entrepreneurial , or shared , management style . It is proposed , based on case study data , that small business owners with an uncertain attitude towards IT might experience higher quality IT results in their organizations through practicing a more entrepreneurial , or shared , management style . The study provides insights for both computer specialists and small business owners planning IT implementations

O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O B I I B O O

small business owners
negative attitudes
uncertain attitude
risk
organization
management style
computer specialists
planning

information technology implementation
positive attitudes


Embeddings of planar graphs that minimize the number of long-face cycles We consider the problem of finding embeddings of planar graphs that minimize the number of long-face cycles . We prove that for any k > or = 4 , it is NP-complete to find an embedding that minimizes the number of face cycles of length at least k

B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

long-face cycles
np-complete problem
graph drawing


The results of experimental studies of the reflooding of fuel-rod assemblies from above and problems for future investigations Problems in studying the reflooding of assemblies from above conducted at foreign and Russian experimental installations are considered . The efficiency of cooling and flow reversal under countercurrent flow of steam and water , as well as the scale effect are analyzed . The tasks for future experiments that are necessary for the development of modern correlations for the loss-of-coolant accident -LRB- LOCA -RRB- computer codes are stated

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

russian experimental installations
flow reversal
countercurrent flow
steam
water

fuel-rod assemblies reflooding
cooling efficiency
loss-of-coolant accident computer codes
loca computer codes


Mothball mania -LSB- 3G licences -RSB- Telefonica Moviles has frozen its 3G operations in Germany , Austria , Italy and Switzerland . With other 3G licence holders questioning the logic of entering already saturated markets with unproven technology , Emma McClune asks if the mothball effect is set to snowball any further

B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O

3g licence holders
saturated markets
mothball


Simulation study of the cardiovascular functional status in hypertensive situation An extended cardiovascular model was established based on our previous work to study the consequences of physiological or pathological changes to the homeostatic functions of the cardiovascular system . To study hemodynamic changes in hypertensive situations , the impacts of cardiovascular parameter variations -LRB- peripheral vascular resistance , arterial vessel wall stiffness and baroreflex gain -RRB- upon hemodynamics and the short-term regulation of the cardiovascular system were investigated . For the purpose of analyzing baroregulation function , the short-term regulation of arterial pressure in response to moderate dynamic exercise for normotensive and hypertensive cases was studied through computer simulation and clinical experiments . The simulation results agree well with clinical data . The results of this work suggest that the model presented in this paper provides a useful tool to investigate the functional status of the cardiovascular system in normal or pathological conditions

O O O O B I I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I O B I I I O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

extended cardiovascular model
pathological changes
homeostatic functions
cardiovascular functional status
hypertensive situation
cardiovascular parameter variations
peripheral vascular resistance
arterial vessel wall stiffness
baroreflex gain
hemodynamics
arterial pressure
moderate dynamic exercise
computer simulation
clinical experiments

physiological changes
short-term regulation
normotensive cases


Lattice Boltzmann schemes for quantum applications We review the basic ideas behind the quantum lattice Boltzmann equation -LRB- LBE -RRB- , and present a few thoughts on the possible use of such an equation for simulating quantum many-body problems on both -LRB- parallel -RRB- electronic and quantum computers

B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

lattice boltzmann schemes
quantum applications
quantum computers

quantum many-body problems
parallel computing


Reaching strong consensus in a general network The strong consensus -LRB- SC -RRB- problem is a variant of the conventional distributed consensus problem -LRB- also known as the Byzantine agreement problem -RRB- . The SC problem requires that the agreed value among fault-free processors be one of the fault-free processor 's initial values . Originally , the problem was studied in a fully connected network with malicious faulty processors . In this paper , the SC problem is re-examined in a general network , in which the components -LRB- processors and communication links -RRB- may be subjected to different faulty types simultaneously -LRB- also called the hybrid fault model or mixed faulty types -RRB- and the network topology does not have to be fully connected . The proposed protocol can tolerate the maximum number of tolerable faulty components such that each fault-free processor obtains a common value for the SC problem in a general network

O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

distributed consensus problem
byzantine agreement
fully connected network
hybrid fault model
strong consensus

strong consensus problem
fault-free processors
fault-tolerant distributed system


Disposable mobiles After many delays , the reusable , recyclable , disposable mobile phone is finally going on sale in the US . But with a business model largely dependent on niche markets , Elizabeth Biddlecombe asks if these simplified handsets will be good enough to survive a brutal market

O O O O O O O B O B O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O

disposable mobile phone
simplified handsets
reusable
recyclable


IT at the heart of joined-up policing Police IT is to shift from application-focused to component-based technology . The change of strategy , part of the Valiant Programme , will make information held by individual forces available on a national basis

O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Second term -LSB- International Telecommunication Union -RSB- Later this month Yoshio Utsumi is expected to be re-elected for a second four year term as secretary general of the International Telecommunication Union . Here he talks to Matthew May about getting involved in internet addressing , the prospects for 3g , the need for further reform of his organisation ... and the translating telephone

O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

international telecommunication union
internet addressing
translating telephone
3g


In medias res -LSB- DVD formats -RSB- Four years in the making , the DVD format war rages on , no winner insight . meanwhile , the spoils of war abound , and DVD media manufacturers stand poised to profit

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O

dvd-ram
dvd+rw
dvd+r
dvd-rw
dvd-r
compatibility
writable dvd


A quantum full adder for a scalable nuclear spin quantum computer We demonstrate a strategy for implementation a quantum full adder in a spin chain quantum computer . As an example , we simulate a quantum full adder in a chain containing 201 spins . Our simulations also demonstrate how one can minimize errors generated by non-resonant effects

O B I I O O B I I I I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

quantum full adder
scalable nuclear spin quantum computer
nonresonant effects


Real-time transmission of pediatric echocardiograms using a single ISDN line We tested the adequacy of a videoconferencing system using a single integrated systems digital network -LRB- ISDN -RRB- line -LRB- 128 kilobits per second -RRB- for the remote diagnosis of children with suspected congenital heart disease -LRB- CHD -RRB- . Real-time echocardiogram interpretation was compared to subsequent videotape review in 401 studies with concordance in 383 -LRB- 95.5 % -RRB- studies . A new diagnosis of CHD was made in 98 studies . Immediate patient transfer was arranged based upon a real-time diagnosis in five studies . In 300 studies , a normal diagnosis obviated further evaluation . A single ISDN line is adequate for transmission of pediatric echocardiograms and it allows for remote management of patients with CHD

O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

single isdn line
videoconferencing system
remote diagnosis
children
suspected congenital heart disease
videotape review
immediate patient transfer

real-time pediatric echocardiogram transmission


Simulation of cardiovascular physiology : the diastolic function -LRB- s -RRB- of the heart The cardiovascular system was simulated by using an equivalent electronic circuit . Four sets of simulations were performed . The basic variables investigated were cardiac output and stroke volume . They were studied as functions -LRB- i -RRB- of right ventricular capacitance and negative intrathoracic pressure ; -LRB- ii -RRB- of left ventricular relaxation and of heart rate ; and -LRB- iii -RRB- of left ventricle failure . It seems that a satisfactory simulation of systolic and diastolic functions of the heart is possible . Presented simulations improve our understanding of the role of the capacitance of both ventricles and of the diastolic relaxation in cardiovascular physiology

B O B I O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O B I I O O B O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I

cardiovascular physiology
simulation
diastolic function
heart
equivalent electronic circuit
cardiac output
stroke volume
right ventricular capacitance
negative intrathoracic pressure
left ventricular relaxation
left ventricle failure
diastolic relaxation


Playing for time -LSB- 3G networks -RSB- The delays in rolling out 3G networks across Europe should not always be seen with a negative slant

O O O O B I O O B O O O B I O B O O O O O O O O O


Mathematical properties of dominant AHP and concurrent convergence method This study discusses the mathematical structure of the dominant AHP and the concurrent convergence method which were originally developed by Kinoshita and Nakanishi . They introduced a new concept of a regulating alternative into an analyzing tool for a simple evaluation problem with a criterion set and an alternative set . Although the original idea of the dominant AHP and the concurrent convergence method is unique , the dominant AHP and the concurrent convergence method are not sufficiently analyzed in mathematical theory . This study shows that the dominant AHP consists of a pair of evaluation rules satisfying a certain property of overall evaluation vectors . This study also shows that the convergence of concurrent convergence method is guaranteed theoretically

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dominant ahp
concurrent convergence method
overall evaluation vectors


End-user perspectives on the uptake of computer supported cooperative working Researchers in information systems have produced a rich collection of meta-analyses and models to further understanding of factors influencing the uptake of information technologies . In the domain of CSCW , however , these models have largely been neglected , and while there are many case studies , no systematic account of uptake has been produced . We use findings from information systems research to structure a meta-analysis of uptake issues as reported in CSCW case studies , supplemented by a detailed re-examination of one of our own case studies from this perspective . This shows that while there are some factors which seem to be largely specific to CSCW introductions , many of the case study results are very similar to standard IS findings . We conclude by suggesting how the two communities of researchers might build on each other 's work , and finally propose activity theory as a means of integrating the two perspectives

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O

information systems
cscw
activity theory

computer supported cooperative work
end-user perspectives
meta-analyses
information technology


The year of the racehorse -LSB- China Telecom -RSB- Does China really offer the telecoms industry a route out of the telecoms slump ? According to the Chinese government it has yet to receive a single application from foreign companies looking to invest in the country 's domestic telecoms sector since the country joined the World Trade Organisation

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foreign investment
china telecom
china netcom
china unicorn


The Malaysian model Japan 's first third generation service , Foma , is unlikely to be truly attractive to consumers until 2005 . That still falls well within the financial planning of its operator Docomo . But where does that leave European 3G operators looking for reassurance ? Malaysia , says Simon Marshall

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A new high resolution color flow system using an eigendecomposition-based adaptive filter for clutter rejection We present a new signal processing strategy for high frequency color flow mapping in moving tissue environments . A new application of an eigendecomposition-based clutter rejection filter is presented with modifications to deal with high blood-to-clutter ratios -LRB- BCR -RRB- . Additionally , a new method for correcting blood velocity estimates with an estimated tissue motion profile is detailed . The performance of the clutter filter and velocity estimation strategies is quantified using a new swept-scan signal model . In vivo color flow images are presented to illustrate the potential of the system for mapping blood flow in the microcirculation with external tissue motion

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clutter rejection filter
signal processing strategy
high frequency color flow mapping
moving tissue environments
estimated tissue motion profile
in vivo color flow images
microcirculation


Intensity based affine registration including feature similarity for spatial normalization This paper presents a new spatial normalization with affine transformation . The quantitative comparison of brain architecture across different subjects requires a common coordinate system . For the analysis of a specific brain area , it is necessary to normalize and compare a region of interest and the global brain . The intensity based registration method matches the global brain well , but a region of interest may not be locally normalized compared to the feature based method . The method in this paper uses feature similarities of local regions as well as intensity similarities . The lateral ventricle and central gray nuclei of the brain , including the corpus callosum , which is used for features in schizophrenia detection , is appropriately normalized . Our method reduces the difference of feature areas such as the corpus callosum -LRB- 7.7 % , 2.4 % -RRB- and lateral ventricle -LRB- 8.2 % , 13.5 % -RRB- compared with mutual information and Talairach methods

B I I I O B I O B I O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

intensity based affine registration
feature similarity
spatial normalization
affine transformation
brain architecture
common coordinate system
global brain
region of interest
feature similarities
lateral ventricle
central gray nuclei
corpus callosum
schizophrenia detection

mutual information method
talairach method


A virtual victory -LSB- virtual networks -RSB- Newly fashionable virtual network operators look all set to clean up in the corporate sector

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virtual network operators
corporate sector


Automated cerebrum segmentation from three-dimensional sagittal brain MR images We present a fully automated cerebrum segmentation algorithm for full three-dimensional sagittal brain MR images . First , cerebrum segmentation from a midsagittal brain MR image is performed utilizing landmarks , anatomical information , and a connectivity-based threshold segmentation algorithm as previously reported . Recognizing that the cerebrum in laterally adjacent slices tends to have similar size and shape , we use the cerebrum segmentation result from the midsagittal brain MR image as a mask to guide cerebrum segmentation in adjacent lateral slices in an iterative fashion . This masking operation yields a masked image -LRB- preliminary cerebrum segmentation -RRB- for the next lateral slice , which may truncate brain region -LRB- s -RRB- . Truncated regions are restored by first finding end points of their boundaries , by comparing the mask image and masked image boundaries , and then applying a connectivity-based algorithm . The resulting final extracted cerebrum image for this slice is then used as a mask for the next lateral slice . The algorithm yielded satisfactory fully automated cerebrum segmentations in three-dimensional sagittal brain MR images , and had performance superior to conventional edge detection algorithms for segmentation of cerebrum from 3D sagittal brain MR images

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