An integrated optimization model for train crew management Train crew management involves the development of a duty timetable for each of the drivers -LRB- crew -RRB- to cover a given train timetable in a rail transport organization . This duty timetable is spread over a certain period , known as the roster planning horizon . Train crew management may arise either from the planning stage , when the total number of crew and crew distributions are to be determined , or from the operating stage when the number of crew at each depot is known as input data . In this paper , we are interested in train crew management in the planning stage . In the literature , train crew management is decomposed into two stages : crew scheduling and crew rostering which are solved sequentially . We propose an integrated optimization model to solve both crew scheduling and crew rostering . The model enables us to generate either cyclic rosters or non-cyclic rosters . Numerical experiments are carried out over data sets arising from a practical application

O B I I O B I I B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

integrated optimization model
train crew management
duty timetable
rail transport organization
roster planning horizon
crew scheduling
crew rostering
cyclic rosters
noncyclic rosters


The semantic Web : differentiating between taxonomies and ontologies There is a new vision of the WWW - the semantic Web - that will dramatically improve Web-based services and products . It creates a setting where software agents perform everyday jobs for end-users . Deploying hierarchies , metadata , and structured vocabularies , the semantic Web expands basic Internet functions

O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O B O O B I O O B I O O B O

www
semantic web
software agents
hierarchies
metadata
structured vocabularies
internet


A study of hospitality and tourism information technology education and industrial applications The purpose of this study was to examine the subject relevance of information technology -LRB- IT -RRB- in hospitality and tourism management programs with skills deployed in the workplace . This study aimed at investigating graduates ' transition from education to employment , and to determine how well they appear to be equipped to meet the needs of the hospitality and tourism industry . One hundred and seventeen graduates responded to a mail survey . These graduates rated the importance of IT skills in the workplace , the level of IT teaching in hotel and tourism management programs , and the self-competence level in IT . This study concluded that a gap exists between the IT skills required at work and those acquired at university

O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B O O O B I O O B O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B


Community spirit IT companies that contribute volunteers , resources or funding to charities and local groups not only make a real difference to their communities but also add value to their businesses . So says a new coalition of IT industry bodies formed to raise awareness of the options for community involvement , promote the business case , and publicise examples of best practice . The BCS , Intellect -LRB- formed from the merger of the Computing Services and Software Association and the Federation of the Electronics Industry -RRB- and the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists plan to run advisory seminars and provide guidelines on how companies of all sizes can transform their local communities using their specialist IT skills and resources while reaping business benefits

O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

it companies
business benefits
best practice

volunteer staff
resource contribution
charity projects
community projects
staff development


A characterization of generalized Pareto distributions by progressive censoring schemes and goodness-of-fit tests In this paper we generalize a characterization property of generalized Pareto distributions , which is known for ordinary order statistics , to arbitrary schemes of progressive type-II censored order statistics . Various goodness-of-fit tests for generalized Pareto distributions based on progressively censored data statistics are discussed

O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O

generalized pareto distributions
progressive censoring schemes
ordinary order statistics

progressive type-ii censored order statistics


Eliminating counterevidence with applications to accountable certificate management This paper presents a method to increase the accountability of certificate management by making it intractable for the certification authority -LRB- CA -RRB- to create contradictory statements about the validity of a certificate . The core of the method is a new primitive , undeniable attester , that allows someone to commit to some set S of bitstrings by publishing a short digest of S and to give attestations for any x that it is or is not a member of S . Such an attestation can be verified by obtaining in an authenticated way the published digest and applying a verification algorithm to the triple of the bitstring , the attestation and the digest . The most important feature of this primitive is the intractability of creating two contradictory proofs for the same candidate element x and digest . We give an efficient construction for undeniable attesters based on authenticated search trees . We show that the construction also applies to sets of more structured elements . We also show that undeniable attesters exist iff collision-resistant hash functions exist

O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O

accountable certificate management
accountability
certification authority
attestations
published digest
verification algorithm
bitstring
contradictory proofs
authenticated search trees
structured elements

counterevidence elimination
undeniable attester primitive
collision-resistant hash functions
long-term authenticity
non repudiation
public-key infrastructure
time-stamping


Computation of unmeasured third-generation VCT views from measured views We compute unmeasured cone-beam projections from projections measured by a third-generation helical volumetric computed tomography system by solving a characteristic problem for an ultrahyperbolic differential equation -LSB- John -LRB- 1938 -RRB- -RSB- . By working in the Fourier domain , we convert the second-order PDE into a family of first-order ordinary differential equations . A simple first-order integration is used to solve the ODES

O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

measured views
ultrahyperbolic differential equation
fourier domain

unmeasured third-generation vct views computation


Information-processing and computing systems at thermal power stations in China The development and commissioning of information-processing and computing systems -LRB- IPCSs -RRB- at four power units , each of 500 MW capacity at the thermal power stations Tszisyan ' and Imin ' in China , are considered . The functional structure and the characteristics of the functions of the IPCSs are presented as is information on the technology of development and experience in adjustments . Ways of using the experience gained in creating a comprehensive functional firmware system are shown

O O B I O B I I O B O B O B O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O

china
thermal power stations
computing systems
commissioning
development
functional structure
firmware system
500 mw

information-processing systems
functions characteristics


The impact of the product mix on the value of flexibility Product-mix flexibility is one of the major types of manufacturing flexibility , referring to the ability to produce a broad range of products or variants with presumed low changeover costs . The value of such a capability is important to establish for an industrial firm in order to ensure that the flexibility provided will be at the right level and used profitably rather than in excess of market requirements and consequently costly . We use option-pricing theory to analyse the impact of various product-mix issues on the value of flexibility . The real options model we use incorporates multiple products , capacity constraints as well as set-up costs . The issues treated here include the number of products , demand variability , correlation between products , and the relative demand distribution within the product mix . Thus , we are interested in the nature of the input data to analyse its effect on the value of flexibility . We also check the impact at different capacity levels . The results suggest that the value of flexibility -LRB- i -RRB- increases with an increasing number of products , -LRB- ii -RRB- decreases with increasing volatility of product demand , -LRB- iii -RRB- decreases the more positively correlated the demand is , and -LRB- iv -RRB- reduces for marginal capacity with increasing levels of capacity . Of these , the impact of positively correlated demand seems to be a major issue . However , the joint impact of the number of products and demand correlation showed some non-intuitive results

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O

manufacturing flexibility
low changeover costs
industrial firm
real options model
multiple products
capacity constraints
demand variability
relative demand distribution
marginal capacity
positively correlated demand
demand correlation

product-mix flexibility
flexible manufacturing
option-pricing theory
set-up costs
product correlation
product demand volatility
capital budgeting


Tactical airborne reconnaissance goes dual-band and beyond Multispectral imaging technologies are satisfying the need for a `` persistent '' look at the battlefield . We highlight the need to persistently monitor a battlefield to determine exactly who and what is there . For example , infrared imaging can be used to expose the fuel status of an aircraft on the runway . A daytime , visible-spectrum image of the same aircraft would offer information about external details , such as the plane 's markings and paint scheme . A dual-band camera enables precision image registration by fusion and frequently yields more information than is possible by evaluating the images separately

B I I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

tactical airborne reconnaissance
multispectral imaging technologies
battlefield
infrared imaging
fuel status
aircraft
precision image registration

daytime visible-spectrum image
dual-band camera
sensor fusion


Maintaining e-commerce E-commerce over the Web has created a relatively new type of information system . So it is hardly surprising that little attention has been given to the maintenance of such systems-and even less to attempting to develop them with future maintenance in mind . But there are various ways e-commerce systems can be developed to reduce future maintenance

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

e-commerce systems maintenance
web systems


A uniform framework for regulating service access and information release on the Web The widespread use of Internet-based services is increasing the amount of information -LRB- such as user profiles -RRB- that clients are required to disclose . This information demand is necessary for regulating access to services , and functionally convenient -LRB- e.g. , to support service customization -RRB- , but it has raised privacy-related concerns which , if not addressed , may affect the users disposition to use network services . At the same time , servers need to regulate service access without disclosing entirely the details of their access control policy . There is therefore a pressing need for privacy-aware techniques to regulate access to services open to the network . We propose an approach for regulating service access and information disclosure on the Web . The approach consists of a uniform formal framework to formulate - and reason about - both service access and information disclosure constraints . It also provides a means for parties to communicate their requirements while ensuring that no private information be disclosed and that the communicated requirements are correct with respect to the constraints

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

information release
user profiles
information demand
access control policy
network services
information disclosure
uniform formal framework

service access regulation
www
internet
client server systems
privacy-aware techniques
reasoning


Computing grid unlocks research Under the UK government 's spending review in 2000 the Office of Science and Technology was allocated Pounds 98m to establish a three year e-science research and development programme . The programme has a bold vision : to change the dynamic of the way science is undertaken . The term ` e-science ' was introduced by John Taylor , director general of research councils in the Office of Science and Technology . He saw many areas of science becoming increasingly reliant on new ways of collaborative , multidisciplinary , interorganisation working . E-science is intended to capture these new modes of working . There are two major components to the programme : the science , and the infrastructure to support that science . The infrastructure is generally referred to as the Grid . The choice of name resonates with the idea of a future in which computing resources and storage , as well as expensive scientific facilities and software , can be accessed on demand , like electricity . Open source prototypes of the middleware are available and under development as part of the e-science programme and other international efforts

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

computing resources
middleware
software
open source prototypes

uk programme
grid computing
collaboration
e-science
scientific research


Education , training and development policies and practices in medium-sized companies in the UK : do they really influence firm performance ? This paper sets out to examine the relationship between training and firm performance in middle-sized UK companies . It recognises that there is evidence that `` high performance work practices '' appear to be associated with better performance in large US companies , but argues that this relationship is less likely to be present in middle-sized companies . The paper 's key contribution is to justify the wider concept of education , training and development -LRB- ETD -RRB- as applicable to such companies . It then finds that clusters of some ETD variables do appear to be associated with better middle-sized company performance

B O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

training
firm performance
education
development policies
high performance work practices

medium-sized uk companies
etd variable clusters
human resources


Quantitative analysis of reconstructed 3-D coronary arterial tree and intracoronary devices Traditional quantitative coronary angiography is performed on two-dimensional -LRB- 2-D -RRB- projection views . These views are chosen by the angiographer to minimize vessel overlap and foreshortening . With 2-D projection views that are acquired in this nonstandardized fashion , however , there is no way to know or estimate how much error occurs in the QCA process . Furthermore , coronary arteries possess a curvilinear shape and undergo a cyclical deformation due to their attachment to the myocardium . Therefore , it is necessary to obtain three-dimensional -LRB- 3-D -RRB- information to best describe and quantify the dynamic curvilinear nature of the human coronary artery . Using a patient-specific 3-D coronary reconstruction algorithm and routine angiographic images , a new technique is proposed to describe : -LRB- 1 -RRB- the curvilinear nature of 3-D coronary arteries and intracoronary devices ; -LRB- 2 -RRB- the magnitude of the arterial deformation caused by intracoronary devices and due to heart motion ; and -LRB- 3 -RRB- optimal view -LRB- s -RRB- with respect to the desired `` pathway '' for delivering intracoronary devices

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

cyclical deformation
myocardium
routine angiographic images
human coronary artery

dynamic curvilinear nature quantification

patient-specific 3-d coronary reconstruction algorithm


Comments on `` Frequency decomposition and computing of ultrasound medical images with wavelet packets '' In this paper , errors and discrepancies in the subject paper -LSB- Cincotti et al. -LRB- 2002 -RRB- -RSB- are highlighted . A comment , concerning the axial resolution associated to the adopted processing procedure is also reported

O O O B I O O O B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O

ultrasound medical images
wavelet packets
frequency decomposition
axial resolution


The use of visual search for knowledge gathering in image decision support This paper presents a new method of knowledge gathering for decision support in image understanding based on information extracted from the dynamics of saccadic eye movements . The framework involves the construction of a generic image feature extraction library , from which the feature extractors that are most relevant to the visual assessment by domain experts are determined automatically through factor analysis . The dynamics of the visual search are analyzed by using the Markov model for providing training information to novices on how and where to look for image features . The validity of the framework has been evaluated in a clinical scenario whereby the pulmonary vascular distribution on Computed Tomography images was assessed by experienced radiologists as a potential indicator of heart failure . The performance of the system has been demonstrated by training four novices to follow the visual assessment behavior of two experienced observers . In all cases , the accuracy of the students improved from near random decision making -LRB- 33 % -RRB- to accuracies ranging from 50 % to 68 %

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O

pulmonary vascular distribution
experienced radiologists
visual assessment behavior
experienced observers
markov model
training information
image features
domain experts
near random decision making

heart failure indicator
student accuracy
saccadic eye movements dynamics
medical diagnostic imaging


Cutting the cord -LSB- wireless health care -RSB- More and more healthcare executives are electing to cut the cord to their existing computer systems by implementing mobile technology . The allure of information anywhere , anytime is intoxicating , demonstrated by the cell phones and personal digital assistants -LRB- PDAs -RRB- that adorn today 's professionals . The utility and convenience of these devices is undeniable . But what is the best strategy for implementing a mobile solution within a healthcare enterprise , be it large or small-and under what circumstances ? What types of healthcare workers benefit most from mobile technology ? And how state-of-the-art is security for wireless applications and devices ? These are the questions that healthcare executives are asking-and should be asking-as they evaluate mobile solutions

O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O


Mid-market accounting systems Welcome to our fourth annual survey of accounting systems and enterprise resource planning -LRB- ERP -RRB- systems . Last September , we concentrated on financial and distribution systems for medium-sized businesses -LRB- mid market -RRB- and included 22 products in our charts . This year , we extended the products to include manufacturing and added 34 products to the list

O O O O O O O O B O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O

survey
enterprise resource planning
manufacturing


Exact frequency-domain reconstruction for thermoacoustic tomography . II . Cylindrical geometry For pt . I see ibid. , vol . 21 , no. 7 , p. 823-8 -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography -LRB- TAT -RRB- in a cylindrical configuration is developed to image biological tissue . Thermoacoustic signals are acquired by scanning a flat ultrasonic transducer . Using a new expansion of a spherical wave in cylindrical coordinates , we apply the Fourier and Hankel transforms to TAT and obtain an exact frequency-domain reconstruction method . The effect of discrete spatial sampling on image quality is analyzed . An aliasing-proof reconstruction method is proposed . Numerical and experimental results are included

O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

flat ultrasonic transducer
thermoacoustic tomography
cylindrical geometry

medical diagnostic imaging
frequency-domain reconstruction
discrete spatial sampling effect
ultrasound imaging
spherical wave expansion
aliasing-proof reconstruction method
hankel transform


Hit the road , Jack Going freelance offers the potential of higher earnings , variety and independence - but also removes the benefits of permanent employment and can mean long distance travel and periods out of work . The author looks at the benefits and drawbacks - and how to get started as an IT contractor

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I


Reconstruction of time-varying 3-D left-ventricular shape from multiview X-ray cineangiocardiograms This paper reports on the clinical application of a system for recovering the time-varying three-dimensional -LRB- 3-D -RRB- left-ventricular -LRB- LV -RRB- shape from multiview X-ray cineangiocardiograms . Considering that X-ray cineangiocardiography is still commonly employed in clinical cardiology and computational costs for 3-D recovery and visualization are rapidly decreasing , it is meaningful to develop a clinically applicable system for 3-D LV shape recovery from X-ray cineangiocardiograms . The system is based on a previously reported closed-surface method of shape recovery from two-dimensional occluding contours with multiple views . To apply the method to `` real '' LV cineangiocardiograms , user-interactive systems were implemented for preprocessing , including detection of LV contours , calibration of the imaging geometry , and setting of the LV model coordinate system . The results for three real LV angiographic image sequences are presented , two with fixed multiple views -LRB- using supplementary angiography -RRB- and one with rotating views . 3-D reconstructions utilizing different numbers of views were compared and evaluated in terms of contours manually traced by an experienced radiologist . The performance of the preprocesses was also evaluated , and the effects of variations in user-specified parameters on the final 3-D reconstruction results were shown to be sufficiently small . These experimental results demonstrate the potential usefulness of combining multiple views for 3-D recovery from `` real '' LV cineangiocardiograms

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

clinical cardiology
computational costs
angiographic image sequences
fixed multiple views
experienced radiologist

time-varying 3-d left-ventricular shape reconstruction


The road to recovery -LSB- disaster planning -RSB- September 11 stripped us of our innocence , forcing corporations to recognize that disaster planning is a business necessity

O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O


Statistical analysis of nonlinearly reconstructed near-infrared tomographic images . I. Theory and simulations Near-infrared -LRB- NIR -RRB- diffuse tomography is an emerging method for imaging the interior of tissues to quantify concentrations of hemoglobin and exogenous chromophores noninvasively in vivo . It often exploits an optical diffusion model-based image reconstruction algorithm to estimate spatial property values from measurements of the light flux at the surface of the tissue . In this study , mean-squared error -LRB- MSE -RRB- over the image is used to evaluate methods for regularizing the ill-posed inverse image reconstruction problem in NIR tomography . Estimates of image bias and image standard deviation were calculated based upon 100 repeated reconstructions of a test image with randomly distributed noise added to the light flux measurements . It was observed that the bias error dominates at high regularization parameter values while variance dominates as the algorithm is allowed to approach the optimal solution . This optimum does not necessarily correspond to the minimum projection error solution , but typically requires further iteration with a decreasing regularization parameter to reach the lowest image error . Increasing measurement noise causes a need to constrain the minimum regularization parameter to higher values in order to achieve a minimum in the overall image MSE

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

hemoglobin
decreasing regularization parameter
lowest image error
bias error
optimal solution
light flux
test image
randomly distributed noise

minimum regularization parameter constraint

ill-posed inverse image reconstruction problem regularization


Stock market trading rule discovery using technical charting heuristics In this case study in knowledge engineering and data mining , we implement a recognizer for two variations of the ` bull flag ' technical charting heuristic and use this recognizer to discover trading rules on the NYSE Composite Index . Out-of-sample results indicate that these rules are effective

B I I B I O B I I O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O

stock market trading
rule discovery
technical charting heuristics
case study
knowledge engineering
data mining
nyse composite index

financial expert system
out-of-sample results


Wired right -LSB- accounting -RSB- From business intelligence to wireless networking to service providers , here is what you need to know to keep up to speed with a changing landscape

O O O B O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

accounting
business intelligence
wireless networking
service providers


Time-domain reconstruction for thermoacoustic tomography in a spherical geometry Reconstruction-based microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography in a spherical configuration is presented . Thermoacoustic waves from biological tissue samples excited by microwave pulses are measured by a wide-band unfocused ultrasonic transducer , which is set on a spherical surface enclosing the sample . Sufficient data are acquired from different directions to reconstruct the microwave absorption distribution . An exact reconstruction solution is derived and approximated to a modified backprojection algorithm . Experiments demonstrate that the reconstructed images agree well with the original samples . The spatial resolution of the system reaches 0.5 mm

O O O B I O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

thermoacoustic tomography
modified backprojection algorithm
exact reconstruction solution
biological tissue samples
reconstructed images
spherical geometry


Estimation of 3-D left ventricular deformation from medical images using biomechanical models The quantitative estimation of regional cardiac deformation from three-dimensional -LRB- 3-D -RRB- image sequences has important clinical implications for the assessment of viability in the heart wall . We present here a generic methodology for estimating soft tissue deformation which integrates image-derived information with biomechanical models , and apply it to the problem of cardiac deformation estimation . The method is image modality independent . The images are segmented interactively and then initial correspondence is established using a shape-tracking approach . A dense motion field is then estimated using a transversely isotropic , linear-elastic model , which accounts for the muscle fiber directions in the left ventricle . The dense motion field is in turn used to calculate the deformation of the heart wall in terms of strain in cardiac specific directions . The strains obtained using this approach in open-chest dogs before and after coronary occlusion , exhibit a high correlation with strains produced in the same animals using implanted markers . Further , they show good agreement with previously published results in the literature . This proposed method provides quantitative regional 3-D estimates of heart deformation

O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

biomechanical models
regional cardiac deformation
quantitative estimation
cardiac specific directions
muscle fiber directions
generic methodology

3-d left ventricular deformation estimation

transversely isotropic linear-elastic model


Developing a CD-ROM as a teaching and learning tool in food and beverage management : a case study in hospitality education Food and beverage management is the traditional core of hospitality education but , in its laboratory manifestation , has come under increasing pressure in recent years . It is an area that , arguably , presents the greatest challenges in adaptation to contemporary learning technologies but , at the same time , stands to benefit most from the potential of the Web . This paper addresses the design and development of a CD-ROM learning resource for food and beverage . It is a learning resource which is designed to integrate with rather than to replace existing conventional classroom and laboratory learning methods and , thus , compensate for the decline in the resource base faced in food and beverage education in recent years . The paper includes illustrative material drawn from the CD-ROM which demonstrates its use in teaching and learning

O O O O O O O B I O B I I I O O O O O B I B I I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

food and beverage management
hospitality education
learning tool


Dueling platforms -LSB- healthcare network servers -RSB- Many large hospitals and healthcare systems have grown accustomed to the reliability of mainframe architecture , although tighter operating budgets , coupled with advances in client/server technology , have led to more office and clinical applications being moved off mainframes . But Evanston Northwestern Healthcare was n't ready to get rid of its IBM OS 390 mainframe just yet . While a number of new clinical applications are being installed on two brand new IBM servers , Evanston Northwestern Healthcare will retain its favored hospital billing system and let it reside on the organization 's mainframe , as it has since 1982

O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

network servers
evanston northwestern healthcare
ibm os 390 mainframe

computerized physician order entry system


Linguistic knowledge and new technologies Modern language studies are characterized by a variety of forms , ways , and methods of their development . In this connection , it is necessary to specify the problem of the development of their internal differentiation and classification , which lead to the formation of specific areas knowledge . An example of such an area is speechology-a field of science belonging to fundamental , theoretical , and applied linguistics

B I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

modern language studies
internal differentiation
applied linguistics
linguistic knowledge

internal classification
speechology
theoretical linguistics
fundamental linguistics


VONNA -LRB- HBP -RRB- : a multimedia learning package on hotel budget planning In this paper , a new learning package , VONNA -LRB- HBP -RRB- , which provides an interactive and online environment for novices to study and practice hotel budget planning , is introduced . Its design philosophy will be discussed thoughtfully with special focus on how to make use of the multimedia and Internet . According to literatures , learning packages are faced to be more effective in delivering teaching material . Researchers indicate that students using a self-paced learning package score higher than in a traditional classroom setting . Moreover , the learning package provides different scenarios for students to explore themselves in a practical environment and is more cost effective and systematic than lectures . Currently , most learning packages in hotel education are not implemented using multimedia with Internet access . Our paper describes a new learning package that fills the gaps . VONNA -LRB- HBP -RRB- requires participants to investigate operational budgets on various areas such as sales levels , payroll , inventory level , promotion strategies , and facilities planning , etc. . Eventually , the students/novices are required to practice their skills in a comprehensive case about a hypothetical hotel . They need to solve managerial problems by a combination of budgetary planning on human resources , staff training programmes , facilities ' maintenance and replacement , or promotion schemes . Analytical tools are available for students/novices to judge an appropriate decision in handling constrained resources

O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O B O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

multimedia learning package
hotel budget planning
internet
hotel education
sales
payroll
inventory
promotion strategies
facilities planning
managerial problems
human resources
staff training programmes

vonna(hbp)
interactive online environment
teaching material delivery
self-paced learning package
facility maintenance
facility replacement
constrained resource handling


A winning combination -LSB- wireless health care -RSB- Three years ago , the Institute of Medicine -LRB- IOM -RRB- reported that medical errors result in at least 44,000 deaths each year-more than deaths from highway accidents , breast cancer or AIDS . That report , and others which placed serious errors as high as 98,000 annually , served as a wake-up call for healthcare providers such as the CareGroup Healthcare System Inc. , a Boston-area healthcare network that is the second largest integrated delivery system in the northeastern United States . With annual revenues of $ 1.2 B , CareGroup provides primary care and specialty services to more than 1,000,000 patients . CareGroup combined wireless technology with the Web to create a provider order entry -LRB- POE -RRB- system designed to reduce the frequency of costly medical mistakes . The POE infrastructure includes InterSystems Corporation 's CACHE database , Dell Computer C600 laptops and Cisco Systems ' Aironet 350 wireless networks

O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O B O

caregroup healthcare system
healthcare network
wireless
medical errors
provider order entry
dell computer c600 laptops

cisco systems aironet 350 wireless networks


Hordes : a multicast based protocol for anonymity With widespread acceptance of the Internet as a public medium for communication and information retrieval , there has been rising concern that the personal privacy of users can be eroded by cooperating network entities . A technical solution to maintaining privacy is to provide anonymity . We present a protocol for initiator anonymity called Hordes , which uses forwarding mechanisms similar to those used in previous protocols for sending data , but is the first protocol to make use of multicast routing to anonymously receive data . We show this results in shorter transmission latencies and requires less work of the protocol participants , in terms of the messages processed . We also present a comparison of the security and anonymity of Hordes with previous protocols , using the first quantitative definition of anonymity and unlinkability . Our analysis shows that Hordes provides anonymity in a degree similar to that of Crowds and Onion Routing , but also that Hordes has numerous performance advantages

B O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O B O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O B O O B O

hordes
protocol
internet
personal privacy
cooperating network entities
initiator anonymity
forwarding mechanisms
multicast routing
transmission latencies
unlinkability
crowds
onion routing
performance


Going electronic -LSB- auditing -RSB- A study group examines the issues auditors face in gathering electronic information as evidence and its impact on the audit

O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O


Two-layer model for the formation of states of the hidden Markov chains Procedures for the formation of states of the hidden Markov models are described . Formant amplitudes and frequencies are used as state features . The training strategy is presented that allows one to calculate the parameters of conditional probabilities of the generation of a given formant set by a given hidden state with the help of the maximum likelihood method

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I

hidden markov models
formant amplitudes
state features
conditional probabilities
hidden state
maximum likelihood method


Development of computer-mediated teaching resources for tourism distance education : the University of Otago model This article presents a qualitative account of the development of computer-mediated tourism distance learning resources . A distance learning model was developed at the Centre for Tourism , University of Otago -LRB- New Zealand -RRB- in 1998-1999 . The article reviews the development of this Internet-based learning resource explaining the design and development of programme links -LRB- providing study information for students -RRB- and paper links -LRB- course material and learning features -RRB- . The design of course material is reviewed with emphasis given to consistency of presentation between papers . The template for course material is described and illustrated and the article concludes with an overview of important design considerations

O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

university of otago
paper links
programme links


A VMEbus interface for multi-detector trigger and control system MUSE -LRB- MUltiplicity SElector -RRB- is the trigger and control system of CHIMERA , a 4 pi charged particle detector . Initialization of MUSE can be performed via VMEbus . This paper describes the design of VMEbus interface and functional module in MUSE , and briefly discusses an application of MUSE

O B I O O O O B I B O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B O O O O O O O B

vmebus interface
muse
chimera
control system


The vibration reliability of poppet and contoured actuator valves The problem of selecting the shape of the actuator valve -LRB- the final control valve -RRB- itself is discussed ; the solution to this problem will permit appreciable dynamic loads to be eliminated from the moving elements of the steam distribution system of steam turbines under all operating conditions

O B I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I I O B I O O O O

contoured actuator valves
moving elements
steam distribution system
steam turbines
vibration reliability

actuator valve shape selection
poppet actuator valves
dynamic loads elimination


Exact frequency-domain reconstruction for thermoacoustic tomography . I. Planar geometry We report an exact and fast Fourier-domain reconstruction algorithm for thermoacoustic tomography in a planar configuration assuming thermal confinement and constant acoustic speed . The effects of the finite size of the detector and the finite length of the excitation pulse are explicitly included in the reconstruction algorithm . The algorithm is numerically and experimentally verified . We also demonstrate that the blurring caused by the finite size of the detector surface is the primary limiting factor on the resolution and that it can be compensated for by deconvolution

O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O B I O B I O O B I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B

planar configuration
thermal confinement
constant acoustic speed
blurring
primary limiting factor
deconvolution
excitation pulse
reconstruction algorithm
thermoacoustic tomography
planar geometry

medical diagnostic imaging
exact frequency-domain reconstruction
finite detector surface size
resolution limitation


Responding to market trends with predictive segmentation -LSB- health care -RSB- Technology and technological advances have always been a part of healthcare , but often it 's advances in treatment machinery and materials that get the attention . However , technology gains also occur behind the scenes in operations . One of the less glamorous but powerful technological advances available today is predictive segmentation , a phrase that means `` a new way to assess and view individuals in the market based on their health status and health needs . '' Sophisticated databases , data mining , neural networks and statistical capabilities have enabled the development of predictive segmentation techniques . These predictive models for healthcare can identify who is likely to need certain services and who is likely to become ill . They are a significant departure from various geographical and attitudinal segmentation methods that healthcare strategists have used in the past to gain a better understanding of their customers

O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

market trends
healthcare
predictive segmentation
data mining
neural networks


Statistical analysis of nonlinearly reconstructed near-infrared tomographic images . II . Experimental interpretation For pt . I see ibid. , vol . 21 , no. 7 , p. 755-63 -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Image error analysis of a diffuse near-infrared tomography -LRB- NIR -RRB- system has been carried out on simulated data using a statistical approach described in pt . I of this paper -LRB- Pogue et al. , 2002 -RRB- . The methodology is used here with experimental data acquired on phantoms with a prototype imaging system intended for characterizing breast tissue . Results show that imaging performance is not limited by random measurement error , but rather by calibration issues . The image error over the entire field of view is generally not minimized when an accurate homogeneous estimate of the phantom properties is available ; however , local image error over a target region of interest -LRB- ROI -RRB- is reduced . The image reconstruction process which includes a Levenberg-Marquardt style regularization provides good minimization of the objective function , yet its reduction is not always correlated with an overall image error decrease . Minimization of the bias in an ROI which contains localized changes in the optical properties can be achieved through five to nine iterations of the algorithm . Precalibration of the algorithm through statistical evaluation of phantom studies may provide a better measure of the image accuracy than that implied by minimization of the standard objective function

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O B I O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

image error
random measurement error
target region of interest
accurate homogeneous estimate
phantom properties


Positive productivity , better billing -LSB- health care -RSB- Workflow software provides the right communication solution for hospital specialists , and delivers an unexpected financial boost too

O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

san francisco general hospital
provation md


Meeting of minds Technical specialists need to think about their role in IT projects and how they communicate with end-users and other participants to ensure they contribute fully as team members . It is especially important to communicate and document trade-offs that may have to be made , including the rationale behind them , so that if requirements change , the impact and decisions can be readily communicated to the stakeholders

O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control of linear stochastic systems with unknown inputs This paper presents an integrated robust fault detection and isolation -LRB- FDI -RRB- and fault tolerant control -LRB- FTC -RRB- scheme for a fault in actuators or sensors of linear stochastic systems subjected to unknown inputs -LRB- disturbances -RRB- . As usual in this kind of works , it is assumed that single fault occurs at a time and the fault treated is of random bias type . The FDI module is constructed using banks of robust two-stage Kalman filters , which simultaneously estimate the state and the fault bias , and generate residual sets decoupled from unknown disturbances . All elements of residual sets are evaluated by using a hypothesis statistical test , and the fault is declared according to the prepared decision logic . The FTC module is activated based on the fault indicator , and additive compensation signal is computed using the fault bias estimate and combined to the nominal control law for compensating the fault 's effect on the system . Simulation results for the simplified longitudinal flight control system with parameter variations , process and measurement noises demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach proposed

O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

fault detection
fault tolerant control
stochastic systems
longitudinal flight control system

fault isolation
linear systems
two-stage kalman filters
state estimation
robust control
discrete-time system


The UPS as network management tool Uninterrupted power supplies -LRB- UPS -RRB- , or battery backup systems , once provided a relatively limited , although important , function-continual battery support to connected equipment in the event of a power failure . However , yesterday 's `` battery in a box '' has evolved into a sophisticated network power management tool that can monitor and actively correct many of the problems that might plague a healthy network . This new breed of UPS system provides such features as automatic voltage regulation , generous runtimes and unattended system shutdown , and now also monitors and automatically restarts critical services and operating systems if they lock up or otherwise fail

O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

uninterrupted power supplies
network power management
unattended system shutdown
automatic voltage regulation


A dynamic method for weighted linear least squares problems A new method for solving the weighted linear least squares problems with full rank is proposed . Based on the theory of Liapunov 's stability , the method associates a dynamic system with a weighted linear least squares problem , whose solution we are interested in and integrates the former numerically by an A-stable numerical method . The numerical tests suggest that the new method is more than comparative with current conventional techniques based on the normal equations

O B I O B I I I I O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

dynamic method
weighted linear least squares problems

lyapunov stability
a-stable numerical method


Laguerre pseudospectral method for nonlinear partial differential equations The Laguerre Gauss-Radau interpolation is investigated . Some approximation results are obtained . As an example , the Laguerre pseudospectral scheme is constructed for the BBM equation . The stability and the convergence of proposed scheme are proved . The numerical results show the high accuracy of this approach

B I I O B I I I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O

laguerre gauss-radau interpolation
nonlinear differential equations


Maybe it 's not too late to join the circus : books for midlife career management Midcareer librarians looking for career management help on the bookshelf face thousands of choices . This article reviews thirteen popular career self-help books . The reviewed books cover various aspects of career management and provide information on which might be best suited for particular goals , including career change , career tune-up , and personal and professional self-evaluation . The comments reflect issues of interest to midcareer professionals

O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

midlife career management
librarians
career change

career self-help books
professional self-evaluation
personal self-evaluation
libraries


The BIOGENES system for knowledge-based bioprocess control The application of knowledge-based control systems in the area of biotechnological processes has become increasingly popular over the past decade . This paper outlines the structure of the advanced knowledge-based part of the BIOGENES Copyright control system for the control of bioprocesses such as the fed-batch Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivation . First , a brief overview of all the tasks implemented in the knowledge-based level including process data classification , qualitative process state identification and supervisory process control is given . The procedures performing the on-line identification of metabolic states and supervisory process control -LRB- setpoint calculation and control strategy selection -RRB- are described in more detail . Finally , the performance of the system is discussed using results obtained from a number of experimental cultivation runs in a laboratory unit

O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I I O B I I O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

fed-batch saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivation


Verification of ideological classifications-a statistical approach The paper presents a statistical method of verifying ideological classifications of votes . Parliamentary votes , preclassified by an expert -LRB- on a chosen subset -RRB- , are verified at an assumed significance level by seeking the most likely match with the actual vote results . Classifications that do not meet the requirements defined are rejected . The results obtained can be applied in the ideological dimensioning algorithms , enabling ideological identification of dimensions obtained

O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O

ideological classifications
statistical approach
parliamentary votes
significance level
ideological dimensioning algorithms


On a general constitutive description for the inelastic and failure behavior of fibrous laminates . II . Laminate theory and applications For pt . I see ibid. , pp. 1159-76 . The two papers report systematically a constitutive description for the inelastic and strength behavior of laminated composites reinforced with various fiber preforms . The constitutive relationship is established micromechanically , through layer-by-layer analysis . Namely , only the properties of the constituent fiber and matrix materials of the composites are required as input data . In the previous part lamina theory was presented . Three fundamental quantities of the laminae , i.e. the internal stresses generated in the constituent fiber and matrix materials and the instantaneous compliance matrix , with different fiber preform -LRB- including woven , braided , and knitted fabric -RRB- reinforcements were explicitly obtained by virtue of the bridging micromechanics model . In this paper , the laminate stress analysis is shown . The purpose of this analysis is to determine the load shared by each lamina in the laminate , so that the lamina theory can be applied . Incorporation of the constitutive equations into an FEM software package is illustrated . A number of application examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the constitutive theory . The predictions made include : failure envelopes of multidirectional laminates subjected to biaxial in-plane loads , thermomechanical cycling stress-strain curves of a titanium metal matrix composite laminate , S-N curves of multilayer knitted fabric reinforced laminates under tensile fatigue , and bending load-deflection plots and ultimate bending strengths of laminated braided fabric reinforced beams subjected to lateral loads

O O B I I O O O O B I O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O B I I I I O B I O O O O O O B I I O B I I I I O O B I


Advanced aerostatic stability analysis of cable-stayed bridges using finite-element method Based on the concept of limit point instability , an advanced nonlinear finite-element method that can be used to analyze the aerostatic stability of cable-stayed bridges is proposed . Both geometric nonlinearity and three components of wind loads are considered in this method . The example bridge is the second Santou Bay cable-stayed bridge with a main span length of 518 m built in China . Aerostatic stability of the example bridge is investigated using linear and proposed methods . The effect of pitch moment coefficient on the aerostatic stability of the bridge has been studied . The results show that the aerostatic instability analyses of cable-stayed bridges based on the linear method considerably overestimate the wind-resisting capacity of cable-stayed bridges . The proposed method is highly accurate and efficient . Pitch moment coefficient has a major effect on the aerostatic stability of cable-stayed bridges . Finally , the aerostatic failure mechanism of cable-stayed bridges is explained by tracing the aerostatic instability path

B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O

limit point instability
advanced aerostatic stability analysis
geometric nonlinearity
wind loads
china
pitch moment coefficient
aerostatic failure mechanism

advanced nonlinear finite element method


An adaptive time step procedure for a parabolic problem with blow-up In this paper we introduce and analyze a fully discrete approximation for a parabolic problem with a nonlinear boundary condition which implies that the solutions blow up in finite time . We use standard linear elements with mass lumping for the space variable . For the time discretization we write the problem in an equivalent form which is obtained by introducing an appropriate time re-scaling and then , we use explicit Runge-Kutta methods for this equivalent problem . In order to motivate our procedure we present it first in the case of a simple ordinary differential equation and show how the blow up time is approximated in this case . We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the blowup of the numerical solution and prove that the numerical blow-up time converges to the continuous one . We also study , for the explicit Euler approximation , the localization of blow-up points for the numerical scheme

O B I I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O

adaptive time step procedure
parabolic problem
fully discrete approximation
nonlinear boundary condition
standard linear elements
explicit euler approximation


A work journal -LSB- librarianship -RSB- Keeping a work journal can be useful in exploring one 's thoughts and feelings about work challenges and work decisions . It can help bring about greater fulfillment in one 's work life by facilitating self-renewal , change , the search for new meaning , and job satisfaction . One example of a work journal which I kept in 1998 is considered . It touches on several issues of potential interest to midlife career librarians including the challenge of technology , returning to work at midlife after raising a family , further education , professional writing , and job exchange

O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O B I

work decisions
work challenges
job satisfaction
work journal
change
midlife career librarians
technology
further education
professional writing
job exchange


Diagnostic expert system using non-monotonic reasoning The objective of this work is to develop an expert system for cucumber disorder diagnosis using non-monotonic reasoning to handle the situation when the system can not reach a conclusion . One reason for this situation is when the information is incomplete . Another reason is when the domain knowledge itself is incomplete . Another reason is when the information is inconsistent . This method maintains the truth of the system in case of changing a piece of information . The proposed method uses two types of non-monotonic reasoning namely : default reasoning and reasoning in the presence of inconsistent information to achieve its goal

B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O

diagnostic expert system
nonmonotonic reasoning
cucumber disorder diagnosis
inconsistent information
default reasoning

incomplete information
truth maintenance
agriculture


Even unimodular Gaussian lattices of rank 12 We classify even unimodular Gaussian lattices of rank 12 , that is , even unimodular integral lattices of rank 12 over the ring of Gaussian integers . This is equivalent to the classification of the automorphisms tau with tau / sup 2 / = -1 in the automorphism groups of all the Niemeier lattices , which are even unimodular -LRB- real -RRB- integral lattices of rank 24 . There are 28 even unimodular Gaussian lattices of rank 12 up to equivalence

B I I I O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O

even unimodular gaussian lattices
even unimodular integral lattices
gaussian integers
automorphisms
niemeier lattices


The exact solution of coupled thermoelectroelastic behavior of piezoelectric laminates Exact solutions for static analysis of thermoelectroelastic laminated plates are presented . In this analysis , a new concise procedure for the analytical solution of composite laminated plates with piezoelectric layers is developed . A simple eigenvalue formula in real number form is directly developed from the basic coupled piezoelectric differential equations and the difficulty of treating imaginary eigenvalues is avoided . The solution is defined in the trigonometric series and can be applied to thin and thick plates . Numerical studies are conducted on a five-layer piezoelectric plate and the complexity of stresses and deformations under combined loading is illustrated . The results could be used as a benchmark for assessing any numerical solution by approximate approaches such as the finite element method while also providing useful physical insight into the behavior of piezoelectric plates in a thermal environment

O B I O B I I O B I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O B I O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

thin plates
five-layer piezoelectric plate
numerical study


Dihedral congruence primes and class fields of real quadratic fields We show that for a real quadratic field F the dihedral congruence primes with respect to F for cusp forms of weight k and quadratic nebentypus are essentially the primes dividing expressions of the form epsilon / sub + / / sup k-1 / + or-1 where epsilon / sub + / is a totally positive fundamental unit of F . This extends work of Hida . Our results allow us to identify a family of -LRB- ray -RRB- class fields of F which are generated by torsion points on modular abelian varieties

B I I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O B I I

dihedral congruence primes
class fields
real quadratic fields
quadratic nebentypus
torsion points
modular abelian varieties


On a general constitutive description for the inelastic and failure behavior of fibrous laminates . I. Lamina theory It is well known that a structural design with isotropic materials can only be accomplished based on a stress failure criterion . This is , however , generally not true with laminated composites . Only when the laminate is subjected to an in-plane load , can the ultimate failure of the laminate correspond to its last-ply failure , and hence a stress failure criterion may be sufficient to detect the maximum load that can be sustained by the laminate . Even in such a case , the load shared by each lamina in the laminate can not be correctly determined if the lamina instantaneous stiffness matrix is inaccurately provided , since the lamina is always statically indeterminate in the laminate . If , however , the laminate is subjected to a lateral load , its ultimate failure occurs before last-ply failure and use of the stress failure criterion is no longer sufficient ; an additional critical deflection or curvature condition must also be employed . This necessitates development of an efficient constitutive relationship for laminated composites in order that the laminate strains/deflections up to ultimate failure can be accurately calculated . A general constitutive description for the thermomechanical response of a fibrous laminate up to ultimate failure with applications to various fibrous laminates is presented in the two papers . The constitutive relationship is obtained by combining classical lamination theory with a recently developed bridging micromechanics model , through a layer-by-layer analysis . This paper focuses on lamina analysis

O O B I I O O O O B I O B I O O B I O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O

general constitutive description
failure behavior
fibrous laminates
lamina theory
structural design
isotropic materials
stress failure criterion
instantaneous stiffness matrix
lateral load
composites
thermomechanical response
micromechanics model

inelastic behavior
in-plane load
last-ply failure
critical deflection condition
critical curvature condition
laminate strains
laminate deflections
layer-by-layer analysis
multidirectional tape laminae
woven fabric composites
braided fabric composites
knitted fabric reinforced composites
elastoplasticity
elastic-viscoplasticity


Turning telecommunications call details to churn prediction : a data mining approach As deregulation , new technologies , and new competitors open up the mobile telecommunications industry , churn prediction and management has become of great concern to mobile service providers . A mobile service provider wishing to retain its subscribers needs to be able to predict which of them may be at-risk of changing services and will make those subscribers the focus of customer retention efforts . In response to the limitations of existing churn-prediction systems and the unavailability of customer demographics in the mobile telecommunications provider investigated , we propose , design , and experimentally evaluate a churn-prediction technique that predicts churning from subscriber contractual information and call pattern changes extracted from call details . This proposed technique is capable of identifying potential churners at the contract level for a specific prediction time-period . In addition , the proposed technique incorporates the multi-classifier class-combiner approach to address the challenge of a highly skewed class distribution between churners and non-churners . The empirical evaluation results suggest that the proposed call-behavior-based churn-prediction technique exhibits satisfactory predictive effectiveness when more recent call details are employed for the churn prediction model construction . Furthermore , the proposed technique is able to demonstrate satisfactory or reasonable predictive power within the one-month interval between model construction and churn prediction . Using a previous demographics-based churn-prediction system as a reference , the lift factors attained by our proposed technique appear largely satisfactory

O B I I O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O

telecommunications call details
mobile telecommunications industry
mobile service providers
deregulation
customer retention efforts
customer demographics
subscriber contractual information
call pattern changes
skewed class distribution
lift factors


Bivariate fractal interpolation functions on rectangular domains Non-tensor product bivariate fractal interpolation functions defined on gridded rectangular domains are constructed . Linear spaces consisting of these functions are introduced . The relevant Lagrange interpolation problem is discussed . A negative result about the existence of affine fractal interpolation functions defined on such domains is obtained

B I I I O B I O O B I I I O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O


Quadratic Gauss sums over finite commutative rings This article explicitly determines the quadratic Gauss sum over finite commutative rings

quadratic gauss sum
finite commutative rings


A sufficient condition for optimality in nondifferentiable invex programming A sufficient optimality condition is established for a nonlinear programming problem without differentiability assumption on the data wherein Clarke 's -LRB- 1975 -RRB- generalized gradient is used to define invexity

O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B

nondifferentiable invex programming
sufficient optimality condition
nonlinear programming problem
generalized gradient
invexity

locally lipschitz function
semiconvex function


Job rotation in an academic library : damned if you do and damned if you do n't ! This article considers job rotation-the systematic movement of employees from one job to another-as one of the many tools within the organizational development tool kit . There is a brief consideration of useful print and Internet literature on the subject as well as a discussion of the pros and cons of job rotation . The application of job rotation methods in Ryerson University Library , a small academic library , concludes the article in order to illustrate process and insights through example

B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O B I I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O

job rotation
academic library
organizational development
ryerson university library


On the diophantine equation x/sup 2 / + q/sup 2k +1 / = y/sup n / In this paper it has been proved that if q is an odd prime , q not = 7 -LRB- mod 8 -RRB- , n is an odd integer > or = 5 , n is not a multiple of 3 and -LRB- h , n -RRB- = 1 , where h is the class number of the filed Q -LRB- square root -LRB- - q -RRB- -RRB- , then the diophantine equation x/sup 2 / + q/sup 2k +1 / = y/sup n / has exactly two families of solutions -LRB- q , n , k , x , y -RRB-

O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

diophantine equation
odd prime
odd integer


Are we there yet ? : facing the never-ending speed and change of technology in midlife This essay is a personal reflection on entering librarianship in middle age at a time when the profession , like society in general , is experiencing rapidly accelerating change . Much of this change is due to the increased use of computers and information technologies in the library setting . These aids in the production , collection , storage , retrieval , and dissemination of the collective information , knowledge , and sometimes wisdom of the past and the contemporary world can exhilarate or burden depending on one 's worldview , the organization , and the flexibility of the workplace . This writer finds herself working in a library where everyone is expected continually to explore and use new ways of working and providing library service to a campus and a wider community . No time is spent in reflecting on what was , but all efforts are to anticipate and prepare for what will be

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

librarianship
middle age
computers
information technologies
dissemination
retrieval
storage
collection


The top cycle and uncovered solutions for weak tournaments We study axiomatic properties of the top cycle and uncovered solutions for weak tournaments . Subsequently , we establish its connection with the rational choice theory

O B I O B I O B I O O B I O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I

top cycle
uncovered solutions
weak tournaments
axiomatic properties
rational choice theory


Adaptive stabilization of undamped flexible structures In the paper non-identifier-based adaptive stabilization of undamped flexible structures is considered in the case of collocated input and output operators . The systems have poles and zeros on the imaginary axis . In the case where velocity feedback is available , the adaptive stabilizer is constructed by an adaptive PD-controller -LRB- proportional plus derivative controller -RRB- . In the case where only position feedback is available , the adaptive stabilizer is constructed by an adaptive P-controller for the augmented system which consists of the controlled system and a parallel compensator . Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers

B I O B I I O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O

adaptive stabilization
undamped flexible structures
poles and zeros
imaginary axis
velocity feedback
proportional plus derivative controller
position feedback
augmented system
parallel compensator

adaptive pd-controller
adaptive p-controller


Knowledge model reuse : therapy decision through specialisation of a generic decision model We present the definition of the therapy decision task and its associated Heuristic Multi-Attribute -LRB- HM -RRB- solving method , in the form of a KADS-style specification . The goal of the therapy decision task is to identify the ideal therapy , for a given patient , in accordance with a set of objectives of a diverse nature constituting a global therapy-evaluation framework in which considerations such as patient preferences and quality-of-life results are integrated . We give a high-level overview of this task as a specialisation of the generic decision task , and additional decomposition methods for the subtasks involved . These subtasks possess some reflective capabilities for reasoning about self-models , particularly the learning subtask , which incrementally corrects and refines the model used to assess the effects of the therapies . This work illustrates the process of reuse in the framework of AI software development methodologies such as KADS-CommonKADS in order to obtain new -LRB- more specialised but still generic -RRB- components for the analysis libraries developed in this context . In order to maximise reuse benefits , where possible , the therapy decision task and HM method have been defined in terms of regular components from the earlier-mentioned libraries . To emphasise the importance of using a rigorous approach to the modelling of domain and method ontologies , we make extensive use of the semi-formal object-oriented analysis notation UML , together with its associated constraint language OCL , to illustrate the ontology of the decision method and the corresponding specific one of the therapy decision domain , the latter being a refinement via inheritance of the former

B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

knowledge model reuse
therapy decision task
patient preferences
reasoning
learning subtask
software development methodologies
ontologies
uml
constraint language
ocl

heuristic multi-attribute solving method


Convergence of Toland 's critical points for sequences of DC functions and application to the resolution of semilinear elliptic problems We prove that if a sequence -LRB- f/sub n / -RRB- / sub n / of DC functions -LRB- difference of two convex functions -RRB- converges to a DC function f in some appropriate way and if u/sub n / is a critical point of f/sub n / , in the sense described by Toland -LRB- 1978 , 1979 -RRB- , and is such that -LRB- u/sub n / -RRB- / sub n / converges to u , then u is a critical point of f , still in Toland 's sense . We also build a new algorithm which searches for this critical point u and then apply it in order to compute the solution of a semilinear elliptic equation

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I

semilinear elliptic problems
semilinear elliptic equation

critical point convergence
dc function sequences
convex function difference


New developments in inductive learning Any intelligent system , whether natural or artificial , must have three characteristics : knowledge , reasoning , and learning . Artificial intelligence -LRB- AI -RRB- studies these three aspects in artificial systems . Briefly , we could say that knowledge refers to the system 's world model , and reasoning to the manipulation of this knowledge . Learning is slightly more complex ; the system interacts with the world and as a consequence it builds onto and modifies its knowledge . This process of self-building and self-modifying is known as learning . This thesis is set within the field of artificial intelligence and focuses on learning . More specifically , it deals with the inductive learning of decision trees

B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I

inductive learning
new developments
intelligent system
knowledge
reasoning
artificial intelligence
decision trees


Risk theory with a nonlinear dividend barrier In the framework of classical risk theory we investigate a surplus process in the presence of a nonlinear dividend barrier and derive equations for two characteristics of such a process , the probability of survival and the expected sum of discounted dividend payments . Number-theoretic solution techniques are developed for approximating these quantities and numerical illustrations are given for exponential claim sizes and a parabolic dividend barrier

B I O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O B I I

risk theory
nonlinear dividend barrier
surplus process
probability of survival
discounted dividend payments
numerical illustrations
exponential claim sizes
parabolic dividend barrier


Transformation rules and strategies for functional-logic programs This paper abstracts the contents of a PhD dissertation entitled ` Transformation Rules and Strategies for Functional-Logic Programs ' which has been recently defended . These techniques are based on fold/unfold transformations and they can be used to optimize integrated -LRB- functional-logic -RRB- programs for a wide class of applications . Experimental results show that typical examples in the field of artificial intelligence are successfully enhanced by our transformation system SYNTH . The thesis presents the first approach of these methods for declarative languages that integrate the best features from functional and logic programming

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I

logic programming
experimental results
artificial intelligence
synth
declarative languages

program transformation rules
functional-logic programs
functional programming
fold-unfold transformations


HeLIN pilot mentoring scheme The health care libraries unit coordinates , facilitates , and promotes continuing personal development for all staff in the Health Libraries and Information Network -LRB- HeLIN -RRB- of the Oxford Deanery -LRB- UK -RRB- . It supports the development of a culture of lifelong learning and recognizes that CPD should help deliver organizational objectives , as well as enabling all staff to expand and fulfill their potential . A major emphasis for 2000 was to investigate ways of improving support for individual learning within the workplace . The group identified a need to build on existing informal support networks in order to provide additional learning opportunities and decided to investigate the feasibility of piloting a mentoring scheme . The objectives of the pilot were to increase understanding and knowledge of mentoring as a tool for CPD ; to investigate existing mentoring schemes and their applicability for HeLIN ; to develop a pilot mentoring scheme for HeLIN incorporating a program for accreditation of mentors ; and to evaluate the scheme and disseminate the results . In order to identify current practice in this area , a literature review was carried out , and colleagues with an interest in or existing knowledge of mentoring schemes were contacted where possible . In the absence of clearly defined appraisal tools , all abstracts were read , and articles that met the following criteria were obtained and distributed to the group for review

B I I I O B I I I O O O O O O B I I O O B O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

health libraries and information network


The effects of technology on midcareer librarians This article investigates technology competency requirements in the library profession . Using the position advertisements in American Libraries in five-year increments over a twenty-year period -LRB- 1970-1990 -RRB- , the article examines and evaluates the advertised qualifications of positions and attempts to see if midcareer librarians-especially those who have achieved their degree prior to the change in MLS curriculum that currently emphasizes technology-are `` effective '' librarians in the present and future job market

O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

midcareer librarians
technology competency requirements
library profession
job market


Migrating to public librarianship : depart on time to ensure a smooth flight Career change can be a difficult , time-consuming , and anxiety-laden process for anyone contemplating this important decision . The challenges faced by librarians considering the move from academic to public librarianship can be equally and significantly demanding . To most outsiders , at least on the surface , it may appear to be a quick and easy transition to make , but some professional librarians recognize the distinct differences between these areas of librarianship . Although the ubiquitous nature of technology has brought the various work responsibilities of academic and public librarians closer together during the last decade , there remain key differences in job-related duties and the work environments . These dissimilarities pose meaningful hurdles to leap for academic librarians wishing to migrate to the public sector . The paper considers the variations between academic and public librarianship

O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

public librarianship
career change
professional librarians
work responsibilities
work environments

academic library
public library
library technology
job-related duties


Happily ever after : plateauing as a means for long-term career satisfaction Little did I know when I attended Judith Bardwick 's presentation on plateauing at the ALA annual convention in 1988 that it would turn out to be one of the most valuable sessions I would attend at any library conference , since it has enabled me to understand the phenomenon of plateauing and to use the strategies she suggested to rejuvenate my career and personal life continually . Key concepts and solutions from her book and from other literature on plateauing are summarized and examples given as to how I incorporated them into my life

O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

long-term career satisfaction
librarians


A note on vector cascade algorithm The focus of this paper is on the relationship between accuracy of multivariate refinable vector and vector cascade algorithm . We show that , if the vector cascade algorithm -LRB- 1.5 -RRB- with isotropic dilation converges to a vector-valued function with regularity , then the initial function must satisfy the Strang-Fix conditions

O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

vector cascade algorithm
multivariate refinable vector
isotropic dilation

matrix algebra
vector-valued function
strang-fix conditions


Numerical studies of 2D free surface waves with fixed bottom The motion of surface waves under the effect of bottom is a very interesting and challenging phenomenon in the nature . we use boundary integral method to compute and analyze this problem . In the linear analysis , the linearized equations have bounded error increase under some compatible conditions . This contributes to the cancellation of instable Kelvin-Helmholtz terms . Under the effect of bottom , the existence of equations is hard to determine , but given some limitations it proves true . These limitations are that the swing of interfaces should be small enough , and the distance between surface and bottom should be large enough . In order to maintain the stability of computation , some compatible relationship must be satisfied . In the numerical examples , the simulation of standing waves and breaking waves are calculated . And in the case of shallow bottom , we found that the behavior of waves are rather singular

B I O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

numerical studies
2d free surface waves
boundary integral method
linear analysis
linearized equations


Coordination -LSB- crisis management -RSB- Communications during a crisis , both internal and external , set the tone during response and carry a message through recovery . The authors describe how to set up a system for information coordination to make sure the right people get the right message , and the organization stays in control

O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

crisis management
information coordination


Non-nested multi-level solvers for finite element discretisations of mixed problems We consider a general framework for analysing the convergence of multi-grid solvers applied to finite element discretisations of mixed problems , both of conforming and nonconforming type . As a basic new feature . our approach allows to use different finite element discretisations on each level of the multi-grid hierarchy . Thus , in our multi-level approach , accurate higher order finite element discretisations can be combined with fast multi-level solvers based on lower order -LRB- nonconforming -RRB- finite element discretisations . This leads to the design of efficient multi-level solvers for higher order finite element discretisations

O O O O B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I

finite element discretisations
mixed problems


Superconvergence of discontinuous Galerkin method for nonstationary hyperbolic equation For the first order nonstationary hyperbolic equation taking the piecewise linear discontinuous Galerkin solver , we prove that under the uniform rectangular partition , such a discontinuous solver , after postprocessing , can have two and half approximative order which is half order higher than the optimal estimate by P. Lesaint and P. Raviart -LRB- 1974 -RRB- under the rectangular partition

B I I I I O B I I O O O O B I I O O B I I I I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

superconvergence of discontinuous galerkin method

piecewise linear discontinuous galerkin solver


Two-scale curved element method for elliptic problems with small periodic coefficients This paper is concerned with the second order elliptic problems with small periodic coefficients on a bounded domain with a curved boundary . A two-scale curved element method which couples linear elements and isoparametric elements is proposed . The error estimate is obtained over the given smooth domain . Furthermore an additive Schwarz method is provided for the isoparametric element method

O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B I I

elliptic problems
small periodic coefficients
bounded domain
curved boundary
linear elements
isoparametric elements
error estimate
additive schwarz method
isoparametric element method

two-scale curved element method
second order elliptic problems


A parallelized indexing method for large-scale case-based reasoning Case-based reasoning -LRB- CBR -RRB- is a problem solving methodology commonly seen in artificial intelligence . It can correctly take advantage of the situations and methods in former cases to find out suitable solutions for new problems . CBR must accurately retrieve similar prior cases for getting a good performance . In the past , many researchers proposed useful technologies to handle this problem . However , the performance of retrieving similar cases may be greatly influenced by the number of cases . In this paper , the performance issue of large-scale CBR is discussed and a parallelized indexing architecture is then proposed for efficiently retrieving similar cases in large-scale CBR . Several algorithms for implementing the proposed architecture are also described . Some experiments are made and the results show the efficiency of the proposed method

O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O

parallelized indexing method
problem solving methodology
artificial intelligence
performance
experiments

large-scale case-based reasoning
bitwise indexing
similar prior case retrieval