--- languages: - ca --- # ViquiQuAD, An extractive QA dataset for catalan, from the Wikipedia ## BibTeX citation If you use any of these resources (datasets or models) in your work, please cite our latest paper: ```bibtex @inproceedings{armengol-estape-etal-2021-multilingual, title = "Are Multilingual Models the Best Choice for Moderately Under-resourced Languages? {A} Comprehensive Assessment for {C}atalan", author = "Armengol-Estap{\'e}, Jordi and Carrino, Casimiro Pio and Rodriguez-Penagos, Carlos and de Gibert Bonet, Ona and Armentano-Oller, Carme and Gonzalez-Agirre, Aitor and Melero, Maite and Villegas, Marta", booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021", month = aug, year = "2021", address = "Online", publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics", url = "https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-acl.437", doi = "10.18653/v1/2021.findings-acl.437", pages = "4933--4946", } ``` # Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and access to dataset files https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562345 ## Introduction This dataset contains 3111 contexts extracted from a set of 597 high quality original (no translations) articles in the Catalan Wikipedia "Viquipèdia" (ca.wikipedia.org), and 1 to 5 questions with their answer for each fragment. Viquipedia articles are used under [CC-by-sa] (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode) licence. This dataset can be used to fine-tune and evaluate extractive-QA and Language Models. It is part of the Catalan Language Understanding Benchmark (CLUB) as presented in: Armengol-Estapé J., Carrino CP., Rodriguez-Penagos C., de Gibert Bonet O., Armentano-Oller C., Gonzalez-Agirre A., Melero M. and Villegas M.,Are Multilingual Models the Best Choice for Moderately Under-resourced Languages? A Comprehensive Assessment for Catalan". Findings of ACL 2021 (ACL-IJCNLP 2021). ### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards Extractive-QA, Language Model ### Languages CA- Catalan ### Directory structure * README * dev.json * test.json * train.json * viquiquad.py ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances json files ### Data Fields Follows ((Rajpurkar, Pranav et al., 2016) for squad v1 datasets. (see below for full reference) ### Example: 
{
  "data": [
    {
      "title": "Frederick W. Mote",
      "paragraphs": [
        {
          "context": "L'historiador Frederick W. Mote va escriure que l'ús del terme \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"classes socials\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" per a aquest sistema era enganyós i que la posició de les persones dins del sistema de quatre classes no era una indicació del seu poder social i riquesa reals, sinó que només implicava \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"graus de privilegi\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" als quals tenien dret institucionalment i legalment, de manera que la posició d'una persona dins de les classes no era una garantia de la seva posició, ja que hi havia xinesos rics i amb bona reputació social, però alhora hi havia menys mongols i semu rics que mongols i semu que vivien en la pobresa i eren maltractats.",
          "qas": [
            {
              "answers": [
                {
                  "text": "Frederick W. Mote",
                  "answer_start": 14
                }
              ],
              "id": "5728848cff5b5019007da298",
              "question": "Qui creia que el sistema de classes socials de Yuan no s’hauria d’anomenar classes socials?"
            },
            ...
          ]
        }
      ]
    }, 
    ...
   ]
}
### Data Splits train.development,test ## Content analysis ### Number of articles, paragraphs and questions * Number of articles: 597 * Number of contexts: 3111 * Number of questions: 15153 * Questions/context: 4.87 * Number of sentences in contexts: 15100 * Sentences/context: 4.85 ### Number of tokens * tokens in context: 469335 * tokens/context 150.86 * tokens in questions: 145249 * tokens/questions: 9.58 * tokens in answers: 63246 * tokens/answers: 4.17 ### Lexical variation After filtering (tokenization, stopwords, punctuation, case), 83,88% of the words in the question can be found in the Context ### Question type | Question | Count | % | |--------|-----|------| | què | 4220 | 27.85 % | | qui | 2239 | 14.78 % | | com | 1964 | 12.96 % | | quan | 1133 | 7.48 % | | on | 1580 | 10.43 % | | quant | 925 | 6.1 % | | quin | 3399 | 22.43 % | | no question mark | 21 | 0.14 % | ### Question-answer relationships From 100 randomly selected samples: * Lexical variation: 33.0% * World knowledge: 16.0% * Syntactic variation: 35.0% * Multiple sentence: 17.0% ## Dataset Creation ### Methodology From a set of high quality, non-translation, articles in the Catalan Wikipedia (ca.wikipedia.org), 597 were randomly chosen, and from them 3111, 5-8 sentence contexts were extracted. We commissioned creation of between 1 and 5 questions for each context, following an adaptation of the guidelines from SQUAD 1.0 [Rajpurkar, Pranav et al. “SQuAD: 100, 000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text.” EMNLP (2016)], (http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250). In total, 15153 pairs of a question and an extracted fragment that contains the answer were created. ### Curation Rationale For compatibility with similar datasets in other languages, we followed as close as possible existing curation guidelines. ### Source Data - https://ca.wikipedia.org #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization The source data are scraped articles from the Catalan wikipedia site (https://ca.wikipedia.org). #### Who are the source language producers? [More Information Needed] ### Annotations #### Annotation process We commissioned the creation of 1 to 5 questions for each context, following an adaptation of the guidelines from SQUAD 1.0 (Rajpurkar, Pranav et al. “SQuAD: 100, 000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text.” EMNLP (2016)), http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250. #### Who are the annotators? Native language speakers. ### Dataset Curators Carlos Rodríguez and Carme Armentano, from BSC-CNS ### Personal and Sensitive Information No personal or sensitive information included. ## Considerations for Using the Data ### Social Impact of Dataset [More Information Needed] ### Discussion of Biases [More Information Needed] ### Other Known Limitations [More Information Needed] ## Contact Carlos Rodríguez-Penagos (carlos.rodriguez1@bsc.es) and Carme Armentano-Oller (carme.armentano@bsc.es) ## License Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.