eligible ages (years): 12.0-24.0,  All  Obesity ≥ 12 years old Body image concerns Sub-threshold Eating disorder symptomatology Overweight but not obese (BMI between the 85th and 95th percentile for children/adolescents and BMI between 25 and 30 kg/m2 for adults 21-24) Be able to commit to weekly 1-hour sessions for six weeks and 3 separate assessment visits to the MSAHC  Current eating disorder (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder) absence of body image concerns normal or obese body weight (< 85th or ≥ 95th BMI percentile)


A 58-year-old African-American woman presents to the ER with episodic pressing/burning anterior chest pain that began two days earlier for the first time in her life. The pain started while she was walking, radiates to the back, and is accompanied by nausea, diaphoresis and mild dyspnea, but is not increased on inspiration. The latest episode of pain ended half an hour prior to her arrival. She is known to have hypertension and obesity. She denies smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, or a family history of heart disease. She currently takes no medications. Physical examination is normal. The EKG shows nonspecific changes.

eligible ages (years): 18.0-75.0,  All  Chest Pain patients undergoing removal of a chest tube after lung surgery patients able to indicate the pain score  pregnancy, lactation  insulin-dependent diabetes with dysautonomia central or peripheral neurological disease, agitation inability to understand the protocol inability to use the Pain Monitor: skin abnormalities at the site of measurement, pacemaker or implantable defibrillator, condition affecting the sympathetic nervous system, tremor of the extremities contra-indication to oral morphine  respiratory failure, severe hepatic insufficiency, intracranial hypertension, epilepsy associations recent administration of neostigmine or of atropine


eligible ages (years): 30.0-65.0,  All  Ischemic Heart Disease healthy men and women aged 30 to 65 years who has one or more self-assessed ischemic heart disease risk factors at screening: physical inactivity, overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25/m2 ), waist circumference (≥ 80 cm for women, ≥ 94 cm for men). In addition, the participants should have the motivation and willingness to be randomized to any of the three groups, and to do their best to follow the given protocol   no internet access or no access to a computer, smoking, pregnancy, or breast-feeding or planning to become pregnant within the next 12 months, a history of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, chronic disease / disorders that may affect the results of the study, substance abuse within the past 12 months, regular alcohol consumption > 21 units / week for men or > 14 units/ week for women, allergy or intolerance to food groups in the dietary guidelines, supplements with mega doses of nutrients that can have potential impact on ischemic heart disease risk markers (eg . fish oils)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-40.0,  All  Obesity Live in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil Age between 18 and 40 years old Female gender Regular menses Weight inferior than 120 Kg and body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 40 kg/m2, for the group with obesity BMI between 18,5 and 24,9 kg/m2, for the group without obesity  High blood pressure, diabetes, glucose intolerance or impaired fasting glycemia, metabolic syndrome, hypothyroidism and any kidney, liver, heart or neurologic disease Psychiatric disorders, alcoholism, smoking or illicit drug abuse Pregnancy or desire to be pregnant Use of medications, excluding contraceptives Contraindication for magnetic resonance imaging Be in treatment for obesity


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Chronic Stable Angina Patients aged 18 and over with chronic stable angina (≥2 months duration) Following screening visit A positive exercise ECG (1mmSTD at J+0.08 seconds) on a modified Bruce protocol treadmill exercise test A positive dobutamine stress echocardiogram and/or a positive myocardial perfusion scan (MPI) and/or a positive coronary angiogram  Unable to do exercise test Women of child bearing potential If of a racial origin at risk of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, G6PD will be excluded prior to in the study Resting STD>=1mm NYHA 3 or 4 HF or LVEF<45% Myocardial infarction or revascularisation within the last two months Left bundle branch block (LBBB)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Obesity Intra-Abdominal Hypertension years or older Requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation BMI≥40 kg/m2 or IAP≥12 mmHg  Known presence esophageal varices Recent esophageal trauma or surgery Severe thrombocytopenia (PTL≤10,000/mm3) Severe coagulopathy (INR≥2) Presence of pneumothorax Pregnancy Patients with diagnosed moderate to severe ARDS or with poor oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mmHg)


eligible ages (years): 21.0-65.0,  All  Obesity Subjects aged between 21 -65 years Subjects with BMI > 23 Kg/m2  Subjects aged between 21 -65 years Subjects with BMI > 23 Kg/m2 Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) Known or documented coronary heart disease (CHD) (including ECG consistent with prior myocardial infraction), cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attack), peripheral vascular disease (including symptoms of claudication) Angina or other chest pain that may indicate CHD by history Clinically significant neoplastic, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, metabolic, endocrine (untreated or unstable), or psychiatric (untreated or unstable) by history Medications: Lipid lowering therapy, daily NSAID or greater than 325 mg ASA (PRN use ok), clopidogrel (or equivalent), Coumadin, other investigational drugs within 30 days of study entry Pregnancy or planning pregnancy during the study period by history Uncontrolled hypertension Uncontrolled hypothyroidism


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Information consenting out-patients with a previous physician diagnosis of COPD Clinically stable Ambulatory  Subjects who required supplemental oxygen for exercise Subjects with pulmonary hypertension and angina Intolerant to beetroot Insulin dependent diabetes Thyroid disease


eligible ages (years): 18.0-44.0,  All  Domestic Violence Domestic Abuse Woman: African American/ African Caribbean/African heritage/Mixed Age 18 ‐ 44 (A.1) Abused (physical, sexual emotional abuse) by an intimate male partner based on responses to screening questions Has had an intimate male partner in the last 2 years Resident of the US Virgin Islands and plans to remain for next two years  Woman: Not African American/African Caribbean or African Heritage/Mixed Under or over age limit No intimate partner in the last two years No history of physical, sexual or emotional abuse by an intimate partner Non resident of US Virgin Islands


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Intradialytic Hypotension Must be able to give informed consent for participation in this study Age ≥ 18 years A body weight > 100 lb or a body mass index > 18.5 End-stage renal disease with hemodialysis in-center three times per week Not missing any treatments in the preceding two weeks and in compliance with instructions from the health care provider In the last month had at least two episodes of IDH (defined as having hypotensive symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, headache, nausea, vomiting, cramping, weakness, blurry vision and/or a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of more than 20 mmHg) Hemoglobin greater than or equal to 9.0 g/dL (hematocrit 27%) to hemoglobin of 15.0 g/dL (hematocrit 45%)  • Pregnancy (self-reported) Allergic to nylon, polyesters and latex Not able to understand the English language Not able to disengage the ACES from compression Having an excessively low systolic blood pressure (SBP which is less than 90 mmHg) Hemoglobin less than 9.0 g/dL or greater than 15 g/dL Excessive intra-abdominal fluid pressure Respiratory distress Bleeding in the chest and abdomen Bleeding dyscrasia causing serious coagulation problem


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). The patient population that will be observed in the NIS must fulfil all of the following Female or male aged ≥18 years A patient information letter has been sent by the Investigator to the patient Patient discharged alive from this hospital to home following ACS (diagnosed with STEMI, or UA) ACS is either UA or myocardial infarction of Type 1 (spontaneous myocardial infarction related to ischemia due to a primary coronary event such as plaque erosion and/or rupture, fissuring, or dissection) ACS after 1st July 2012 and before 1st June 2013 Patient on ticagrelor, prasugrel or clopidogrel treatment at discharge following an ACS  Patients will not be eligible to participate if any of the following are present Patient who participated in any interventional clinical study during the observation period Patient with ACS precipitated by or as complication of surgery, trauma, gastrointestinal bleeding or after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Patient with ACS occurring during a stay in the hospital


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Insulin Resistance Coronary Artery Disease Aged 18 years or over Participant willing and able to give informed consent Documented Ischaemic Heart Disease: either angio-graphically documented coronary artery disease or a previous history of myocardial infarction/angina Screening echocardiography based diagnosis of LVH based on ASE (males >115g/m2, females >95g/m2) Fasting insulin resistance index ≥ 2.7 AND/OR HbA1c >5.6 and less than 6.5 at screening Blood pressure < 140/85 mm Hg or 24hr BP <135/85 daytime average in screening Able (in the Investigators opinion) and willing to comply with all study requirements  Cognitive impairment Type 1 or 2 Diabetes mellitus Chronic Heart Failure as evidenced by echocardiogram or documented diagnosis of CHF Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction <45% on screening echocardiography Contraindications to cardiac MRI (pacemakers, claustrophobia, metal implants, history of penetrative eye injury or exposure to metal fragments in eye requiring medical attention) Malignancy (receiving active treatment) or other life threatening disease, renal disease (CKD class 3B or worse) Pregnancy/lactating females Any other reason considered inappropriate by a study physician Participants who have participated in any other clinical trial within the previous 30 days


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Angina Pectoris Age 18 to 80 years History of stable, exertional angina pectoris (Canadian Cardiovascular Society functional class II to III) for at least 3 months duration prior to enrolment in the study Patients not currently receiving treatment with antianginal medication (other than short-acting nitrates) Between visits 2 and 3 two treadmill exercise tests, demonstrating ≥ 0.1 mV of horizontal or down sloping ST-segment depression, must be carried out. The difference in symptom-limited exercise duration between these two tests must not exceed 20% Total treadmill exercise duration > 3 minutes (i.e. stage 2 or above on a standard Bruce protocol) Coronary artery disease, preferably (not mandatory) documented by a history of proven myocardial infarction and/or coronary angiography indicating ≥ 50% reduction in luminal diameter of one or more coronary arteries or their primary branches  Myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to enrolment in the study Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or coronary artery bypass surgery within 6 months Other types of angina (variant, unstable) Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg) Resting heart rate < 50 bpm or > 100 bpm Significant valvular heart disease Heart failure New York Heart Association Class III or IV Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma with clinical symptoms requiring regular medication Significant arrhythmia (since this may interfere with the interpretation of the electrocardiogram) including Wolff Parkinson-White syndrome, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, sick sinus syndrome, significant Atrio-Ventricular heart block, intraventricular conduction defect (QRS > 0.12 seconds) ventricular pre-excitation, bundle branch block, the presence of a pace-maker, the presence of an implanted automatic defibrillator, uncorrected hypokalaemia (potassium < 3.5 mmol/litre) Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus


eligible ages (years): 18.0-60.0,  All  Obesity Metabolic Syndrome Morbid obesity (BMI>30) patients with one of comorbidity (type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, or hypertension) Morbid obese patients (BMI>35)  Prior bariatric surgery Malignancy (any type) End stage renal disease


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Hypertension Acute Myocardial Infarction Provision of informed consent prior to any study specific procedures Female and/or male aged 18-80 years Patients with ACS, i.e. STEMI, non-STEMI, treated with PCI Medical history of treated (ongoing) hypertension, or hypertension discovered at the time of ACS, and office SBP >140 despite treatment with three antihypertensive drugs Ejection fraction >40%  Increased risk of pathological bleedings Office systolic blood pressure <120 Renal artery abnormalities eGFR <30 mL/min ICD or pacemaker, or any other metallic implant not compatible with MRI Estimated survival time <1 year Not oriented to person, place and time Inability to understand given information about the study Fertile female


eligible ages (years): 45.0-55.0,  All  Hypertension Patients operated due to carpal tunnel syndrome under intravenous regional anesthesia betweem January 2009 and January 2010  The patients that the files could not be reached


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Atrial Fibrillation Caucasians ≥ 18 years of age History of typical or lone symptomatic AF AF symptoms present at least once per month ECG that was recorded within 12 months of randomization showing AF Starting a Class I or Class III AAD In sinus rhythm at enrollment Able to give informed consent  Permanent AF or isolated atrial flutter Cardiac or thoracic surgery within the previous 6 months Previous use of amiodarone other than short-term use (e.g. for an acute arrhythmia in hospital) Medical condition that is likely to be fatal in less than one year Received 2 or more AADs in past Creatinine clearance <40 ml/min Contra-indication to a class I AAD e.g., structural heart disease, or history of MI Contra-indication to a class III AAD, e.g., congenital or acquired long QT syndrome with QTc>450 ms at baseline A reversible cause of AF (e.g., thyrotoxicosis) Previously treated with class I and class III antiarrhythmic drugs


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Acute Coronary Syndrome Women age 18 years or older Non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (defined as new onset chest discomfort that occurs at rest or with low levels of activity/or emotion within the preceding 48 hours) with either elevated troponin T (≥ 0.03 ng per milliliter) elevated creatinine kinase MB-isoenzyme (≥ 5.0 ng per milliliter) elevated NT-pro-BNP (≥ 450 pg per milliliter) ST-segment depression (≥ 0.5 mm) or TIMI risk score (> 2) women who have elevated cardiac enzymes after non-cardiac surgery will also be considered  ST-elevation myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock congestive heart failure hemodynamic instability use of fibrinolytic therapy in the last 96 hours current bleeding or bleeding disorder within the last 3 months that required transfusion pregnancy contraindication to any study medication. i.e.heparin, clopidogrel, or glycoprotein IIb/III inhibitor PCI in the last 6 months prior CABG


eligible ages (years): 18.0-50.0,  All  Obesity for in main ACE stapling study Subject must be able to understand and be willing to sign an informed consent document Subject must be willing and able to participate in all aspects of the study and agree to comply with all study requirements for the duration of the study. This includes availability of reliable transportation and sufficient time to attend all follow-up visits Subject has a BMI of 40 or 30 to 39.9 plus one or more co-morbid diseases expected to improve with weight loss, including but not limited to hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, or diabetes mellitus Subject must be fully ambulatory, without chronic reliance on walking aids such as crutches, walkers or a wheelchair Subject must be of sufficient and stable medical health, as evaluated by the Principal Investigator Subject must have a primary care physician that will manage the subject for any co-morbid conditions throughout the study Subject must have failed standard obesity therapy of diet, exercise, behaviour modification, and pharmacologic agents either alone or in combination, as assessed by an interview with a member of the study team at baseline Subject agrees to refrain from any type of reconstructive surgery that may affect body weight such as mammoplasty or abdominal lipoplasty or liposuction, during the trial  Main study Subject has history of/or signs and/or symptoms of gastro-duodenal ulcer disease Subject has poorly controlled diabetes as indicated by the lack of stable diabetes medications and doses over the last month, or has a history of diabetes for greater than 10 years Subject has had significant weight loss in the last 3 months, or between baseline and the study procedure Subject has a history or is diagnosed with eating disorders Subject has history of peptic ulcer and tests positive for H. pylori, unless treated before the procedure Subject has symptomatic congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia or unstable coronary artery disease Subject has pre-existing respiratory disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia or cancer Subject has significant esophageal disease including Zenker's diverticulum, grade 3-4 reflux esophagitis, stricture, Barrett's esophagus, esophageal cancer, esophageal diverticulum, dysphagia, achalasia, or symptoms of dysmotility Subject is observed during EGD to have heavily scarred, malignant or poor quality/friable tissue in areas of the stomach where plications are to be placed


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Nerve; Disorder, Sympathetic Patients presenting for sympathetic block of the lower extremity (lumbar sympathetic block) Ages 18-99  Patients with pacemakers or cardiac defibrillators Age <18 IV sedation for anxiolysis or analgesia Burn patients or patients with severe dermatologic conditions (as defined by skin conditions causing further pain to patients that actively has to be treated) Allergy to adhesive tape Patient with diagnosis of: Dysautonomia, Sympathetic dysfunction (e.g.,Raynaud disease, Buerger disease) or Disorders of sweating (e.g.,Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis) Patients on vasoactive drugs


eligible ages (years): 18.0-85.0,  All  Postoperative Pain Patients undergoing unilateral THR and TKR who are between the ages of 18 and 85 regardless of the anesthesia and postoperative analgesia type Patients participating in other studies may participate in this study as well Patients with Motor Activity Assessment Scale (MAAS) Score of 3 and 4  Age <18, >85 History of chronic pain as defined by use of long acting opioid medication > 6 months duration MAAS Score of <3 and >4 Anticholinergic agent use Patients with the following conditions Autonomic neuropathy Pacemaker/AICD Burn patients or patients with severe dermatologic conditions (as defined by skin conditions causing further pain to patients that actively has to be treated) Allergy to adhesive tape Communication barriers


eligible ages (years): 18.0-50.0,  All  Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis To be eligible to participate in this study, candidates must meet all the following atthe Screening visit (V0)AND at baseline (V1) Ability to understand the purpose and risks of the study and provide signed and dated informed consent and authorization to use protected information in accordance with local subject privacy regulations Patients with RRMS (McDonald 2010) who do not accept current injectable firstline DMTs Age between 18 and 50 years at the time of informed consent MS onset within one year before enrolment ≥ 1 Gd+ lesions at a brain MRI scan performed within three months beforeenrolment No previous disease modifying and/or immunosuppressive treatments for MS Must have a baseline EDSS between 0.0 and 5.0, inclusive. · Women of childbearing potential (i.e. who are not post-menopausal for at least 1 year) and men must practice effective contraception (as defined by the Investigator) during the study and be willing and able to continue contraception for 30 days after their last dose of study treatment  Candidates will be excluded from study entry if any of the following exists at Screening OR Baseline/Randomization Visit Primary progressive, secondary progressive, or progressive relapsing MS, as defined by Lublin and Reingold (Lublin and Reingold 1996) Previous disease modifying and/or immunosuppressive treatments for MS, including Tcell or T-cell receptor vaccination, any therapeutic monoclonal antibody, Mitoxantrone, Cyclophosphamide Previous treatment with Fumaderm®, dimethyl fumarate or other fumarates History of malignancy (except basal cell carcinoma that has been completely excised prior to study enrollment) History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions or known drug hypersensitivity.Known allergy/hypersensitivity to Gadolinium History of abnormal laboratory results indicative of any significant endocrinologic, hematologic, hepatic, immunologic, metabolic, urologic, renal, and/or other major disease that in the opinion of the Investigator would preclude participation in a clinical trial Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to: ongoing or active infection; symptomatic congestive heart failure; unstable angina pectoris; cardiac arrhythmia; serious or acute liver, kidney, or bone marrow dysfunction; uncontrolled diabetes; serious or acute psychiatric illness that would limit compliance with study requirements History of or positive test result at screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Positive for hepatitis C antibody and/or positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at screening


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Artery Disease Angina Symptoms of Angina Pectoris Angiographic evidence of epicardial coronary artery stenosis referred for PCI Flow limiting lesion (Fractional Flow Reserve ≤0.80) in one of following locations (as defined in trial89) Proximal or mid left anterior descending artery (LAD) Proximal or mid dominant right coronary artery (RCA) Proximal left circumflex artery (LCx) or 1ST Obtuse marginal Vessel Existing beta blocker prescription Echocardiogram performed within preceding 12 months Patient consent  Previous myocardial infarction (MI) in target vessel myocardial territory or any MI in preceding 12 months (defined by patient history, ECG changes and evidence of regional wall motion abnormalities on echocardiography) FFR>0.80 in target vessel at time of procedure Requirement for Multi-vessel intervention in a single procedure Any chronic total occlusion (100% epicardial occlusion) on angiography Distal coronary artery stenosis or that affecting non-dominant RCA Heart Rate <60 bpm at (assessed by 12 lead ECG after minimum 10 minutes rest period) Any rhythm other than sinus rhythm Sick sinus syndrome or high grade atrio-ventricular block Permanent Pacemaker in situ Congenital QT Syndrome


eligible ages (years): 18.0-55.0,  All  Overweight Obesity All participants will be between the ages of 18-55 meeting for overweight, with a BMI between 25 and 45 Participants will provide written informed consent for study participation Participants will possess English language skills at the 5th grade reading level Participants will be free of major medical conditions such as a recent history of coronary heart disease; recent history of myocardial infarction; recent symptoms of angina, diabetes, recent stroke, orthopedic problems that would limit activity during the following twelve months; or any other serious medical condition that would make physical activity unsafe Participants will not have bulimia or anorexia, significant cognitive impairment, a known psychotic disorder, or unstable psychiatric illness (e.g., recent psychiatric hospitalization, acute suicidal ideation) as derived from their intake interview and questionnaires Participants will not be moving out of the San Diego area for the duration of their study enrollment (24 months) Participants will not be pregnant, planning to get pregnant in the 2 year study period or lactating Participants will not be taking medication for weight loss or that may impair physical activity tolerance or performance Participants with medical or psychological problems, or taking medications that could make adherence with the study protocol difficult or dangerous will not be included


eligible ages (years): 20.0-80.0,  All  Hypertension Eligible subjects were untreated hypertensive men or women aged between 20 and 80 years old with SBP between 130 and 179 mmHg and/or DBP between 85 and 109 mmHg as measured in a sitting position  Subjects were excluded if they had a history of major cardiovascular disease, severe liver dysfunction, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or stroke. They were also excluded if they routinely consumed alcohol, were pregnant or unable to comprehend study instructions


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Acute Coronary Syndrome Subject with compatible symptoms with an acute coronary syndrome, for at least 15 minutes and not older than 3 hours (eg discomfort, tightness or chest pain, pain radiating to the left arm or two arms, pain in the jaw, pain in the back / neck / stomach, breathlessness , cold sweats, nausea / vomiting , dizziness ) Man or woman Patient Did not receive heparin or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH ) before the initial blood sample  Patient Agreeing to participate in the study and who signed an informed consent  Minor or major patient trust Patient Not having signed informed consent (refusal , physical or mental disability ... ) Patient Who received anticoagulation before carrying blood samples Patient With a progressive septic processes , neoplasia undergoing treatment, dialyzed kidney failure, a history of surgery or coronary angioplasty less than six months Transplanted heart, renal or hepatic heart attack Subject Whose symptoms clearly eliminates acute coronary syndrome ( penetrating trauma, traumatic injury by crushing ... ) Patient Died between the time of and arrival in the cardiology intensive care ( SIC ) Patient Withdrawing consent under study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Abdominal Obesity-Metabolic Syndrome Body mass index more than or equal to 25 kg/m2 Patients with metabolic syndrome Patients who are on anti-hypertensive drugs, oral hypoglycemic drugs and lipid lowering drugs  Uncontrolled diabetes patients Patients with gastrointestinal abnormalities Patients with cardiovascular diseases Patients with hematologic disorders Patients with Glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2 Patients with drug or alcohol abuse Pregnancy and lactation


A physician is called to see a 67-year-old woman who underwent cardiac catheterization via the right femoral artery earlier in the morning. She is now complaining of a cool right foot. Upon examination she has a pulsatile mass in her right groin with loss of distal pulses, and auscultation reveals a bruit over the point at which the right femoral artery was entered.

eligible ages (years): 0.0-0.5,  All  Thrombosis Parent/legal-guardian has provided written informed consent before initiation of any study related procedures Objectively confirmed thrombotic event by either doppler ultrasound, echocardiogram, CT scan, MRI, MR angiogram, MR venogram, venogram or arteriogram Age less than 6 months  Gestational age greater than 35 weeks Expected life expectancy at least 14 days No contraindication to anticoagulation i.e. bleeding complications  Active or recent (less than 7 days) bleeding Known allergy to Angiomax or hirudin, or known sensitivity to any component of the product Participation in other clinical research studies involving the evaluation of other investigational drugs or devices within 30 days of enrollment Refusal to undergo blood transfusion should it become necessary Any other disease or condition, which, in the judgment of the Investigator would place a patient at undue risk by being enrolled in the trial Baseline prolonged PT (>18 secs) or aPTT (>55 secs) Platelet count < 50,000 cells/mm3 Birth Trauma Planned or indicated surgery within 30 days Major or minor bleeding event


eligible ages (years): 15.0-70.0,  All  Acquired Bleeding Disorder Spinal Fusion Elective spinal fusion surgery  History of thrombotic disorders (myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, disseminated intravascular coagulation or peripheral artery thrombosis) Any trauma within the last 3 months leading to hospitalization > 24 hours Angina or known coronary artery disease


eligible ages (years): 18.0-78.0,  All  Cardiac Arrest Non-traumatic collapsed patients, whose pulsation continues and persists more than 5 minutes after return of spontaneous circulation from cardiopulmonary resuscitation and consciousness level is less than GCS 5 points  Age > 78 y/o or < 18 y/o 2. Core temperature< 34℃or > 38 ℃ after resuscitation 3. Pregnancy 4. Underline terminal malignancy disorder or refuse aggressive treatment cancer patient 5. Massive bleeding, known coagulopathy, or received regular anticoagulant medication 6. Persisted hypotension ( mean arterial BP < 60 mmHg) after resuscitation even under inotropic agents 7. No bed available in ICU


eligible ages (years): 50.0-75.0,  All  Hypertension Postmenopausal women Mild to moderate hypertension Statin therapy or LDL≤ 4.1 mmol/L  Severe hypertension LDL > 4.1 mmol/L if not taking anti-hyperlipidemic medication Certain hormonal therapy History of stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, chest pain, abnormal heart rhythm Liver, kidney, or pancreas disease Diabetes Raynaud's disease or any other significant peripheral vascular disease Allergy to certain medications used to treat high blood pressure Other protocol-defined inclusion/


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Pulmonary Embolism Patients >= 18 years of age with pulmonary embolism and cardiogenic shock, defined as a systolic arterial pressure <= 90 mmHg, a drop in systolic arterial pressure >= 40 mmHg for >= 15 minutes, or ongoing administration of catecholamines for systemic arterial hypotension Subtotal or total filling defect in the left and/or right main pulmonary artery due to massive PE, as assessed by chest computed tomography or by conventional pulmonary angiography Right ventricular dysfunction on echocardiography: RV systolic hypokinesis and/or RV dilation (optional) Failed thrombolysis or at least one of the following contraindications to PE thrombolysis present Active bleeding History of intracranial bleeding Surgery, delivery, organ biopsy, puncture of a non-compressible vessel within 10 days History of stroke Gastrointestinal bleeding within 10 days Significant trauma within 15 days  Systemic (paradoxical) embolism in the presence of an atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale Free floating right heart thrombi, left heart thrombi Life expectancy due to underlying disease less than one month


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Healthy Male years and above A negative urine dip-stick Have signed informed written consent to participate  The test participant has previous or current congenital deformity, diseases or operation in the lower urinary tract


eligible ages (years): 18.0-79.0,  All  Hypothermia Heart Arrest Age between 18 and 79 years old Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OH-CA) due to a presumed cardiac etiology Delay between OH-CA and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) < 60 minutes Delay between ROSC and starting cooling < 240 minutes Patient not obeying verbal command after ROSC and prior to starting cooling Availability of the "CoolGard" device (ALSIUS product)  Do not reanimate order or terminal disease before Known pregnancy Clinical hemorrhagic syndrome or known coagulopathy Contra-indication to device usage (such as femoral venous access impossible) Hypothermia at admission < 30°C Etiology of OH-CA thought to be extra-cardiac (trauma, bleeding or anoxia) In hospital cardiac arrest Refractory shock (need for extra-corporeal life support)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Peripheral Vascular Disease Written informed consent Age > 18 years If female patient with child bearing potential, patient may not be pregnant at the study entry and must utilize reliable birth control for the duration of her participation into the study Patient is willing and able to comply with the specified follow-up evaluation Critical Limb Ischaemia, this is Fontaine stage III (ischaemic rest pain) and IV (ischaemic ulcers or gangrene) or Rutherford category 4 (ischaemic rest pain), 5 (minor tissue loss) or 6 (major tissue loss) Stenotic (>50% luminal loss) or occluded infrapopliteal artery, including the tibiofibular trunk, the anterior tibial artery, the posterior tibial artery and the peroneal artery, with a lesion length ≤ 60 mm Artery to be treated with a diameter more tham or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 4mm Patent common iliac, external iliac, superficial femoral and popliteal artery on the ipsilateral side prior to randomisation, possibly after treatment during the same session At least one patent crural (anterior tibial, posterior tibial or peroneal) artery with expected unobstructed runoff to ankle level after treatment  Acute limb ischaemia Subacute limb ischaemia which requires thrombolysis as first treatment modality Active bleeding or bleeding diathesis Recent (less than 3 months) hemorrhagic stroke or other any other CNS abnormality with increased risk of haemorrhage, such as intracranial neoplasm, arteriovenous malformation, intracranial aneurysm or aneurysm repair Gastrointestinal or genitourinary bleeding of clinical significance within the previous 6 weeks before treatment Aneurysm in common femoral, superficial femoral or popliteal artery on the ipsilateral side Revascularization involving the same limb within 30 days prior to the index procedure or planned revascularization of the same limb within 30 days of the index procedure Previous implanted stent at the index site Life expectancy of less than 6 months or other factors making clinical follow-up difficult Known allergy to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), clopidogrel, heparin or paclitaxel


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Asymptomatic Artery Atherosclerosis is the underlying disease Patients with an asymptomatic stenosis >80% (NASCET) with a documented progression of the degree of stenosis to >80% within 6 months with a very tight stenosis ≥90% at initial presentation with a >80% stenosis plus silent ipsilateral ischemia documented by CCT or MRI with ipsilateral >80% stenosis plus contralateral >80% stenosis or occlusion with >80% stenosis plus planned major surgery Neurologist´s explicit consent to potentially perform CAS  Inability to provide informed consent Underlying disease other than atherosclerosis (inflammatory or autoimmune disease) Traumatic or spontaneous carotid dissections Life expectancy <6 months Advanced dementia Advanced renal failure (serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dL) Unstable severe cardiovascular comorbidities (e.g. unstable angina, heart failure) Restenosis after prior CAS or CEA Allergy or contraindications to study medications (clopidogrel, statins, ASA)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-85.0,  All  Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary Coronary Arteriosclerosis Scheduled for a coronary diagnostic or interventional procedure Able to undergo emergent vascular surgery if a complication requires it arterial puncture located in the common femoral artery Femoral artery has a lumen diameter of at least 5 mm  Arterial puncture in the femoral artery of both legs Prior target artery closure with any vascular closure device, or closure with manual compression within 30 days prior to catheterization Patients who bruise or bleed easily or with a history of significant bleeding or platelet disorders Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction within 48 hours prior to catheterization Uncontrolled hypertension at time of vessel closure Elevated Activated Clotting Time at time of vessel closure Ineligible for in-catheterization lab introducer sheath removal Concurrent participation in another investigational device or drug trial Thrombolytic therapy, bivalirudin, other thrombin-specific anticoagulants, or low molecular weight heparin within 24 hours prior to catheterization Preexisting hematoma, arteriovenous fistula, or pseudoaneurysm at the vessel access site prior to femoral artery closure


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Reconstructive Surgical Procedures Tissue Transplantation Adult patients planned to undergo reconstructive surgery using either a pedicle or free tissue transfer flap seen by The Plastic Surgery Service on either an in-patient or outpatient bases Adult patients that are planned to undergo reconstructive surgery as above and able to receive information regarding the study and provide informed consent to enrollment in the study  All emergency reconstructive surgery patients Patients planned to undergo radiation therapy in the region of the reconstructive surgery within 6 months after surgery Patients who develop hypotension requiring the administration of vasopressors either intra-operatively or during the post-operative period prior to discharge from the hospital Patients who develop clinical signs of a surgical site infection at the location of the tissue transfer flap(s) Patients with the development of post-operative anemia requiring a blood transfusion during the first 72 hours after surgery Patients with tattooing or pigmented lesions on the tissue transfer flap Patients who incur injury to the flaps secondary to trauma within 6 months of the reconstructive surgery; with trauma defined as either accidental major trauma resulting in injury to the tissue transfer flap or surgical trauma as a result of further oncologic resection of tissues in close proximity to the tissue transfer flap Minor under the age of 18 years of age Patients deemed unable to comprehend and provide informed consent to enrollment into study due to either a cognitive deficit or medical condition


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Vascular Access Complications Cardiac Catheterization Peripheral Vascular Disease Adults age 18 and over Patients undergoing left heart catheterization or peripheral arterial angiography from the retrograde femoral approach Willingness and ability to sign consent form Scheduled to have procedure performed by operator trained in the ultrasound technique  Access from a site other than the common femoral artery Nonpalpable femoral pulses Creatinine > 3.0 mg/dl, unless already on dialysis Prisoners Pregnant women Unable or refusal to sign consent form Patients undergoing emergent cardiac catheterization for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction or unstable acute coronary syndrome Equipment unavailable


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Postoperative Hemorrhages All patients undergoing any percutaneous cardiovascular procedure  Patients already enrolled in other clinical trials


eligible ages (years): 18.0-85.0,  All  Peripheral Vascular Disease Cardiovascular Disease Subject must be 18-85 Subject must be an acceptable candidate for an elective,non-emergent diagnostic procedure performed percutaneously via the common femoral artery through either a 5F or 6F procedural sheath Subject is an acceptable candidate for emergent vascular surgery Subject agrees to follow-up evaluations to assess for complications related to femoral access site If among the 50 ultrasound sub-study Subjects enrolled,Subject agrees to have an ultrasound of femoral artery performed post-procedure during the 30 ± 7 days follow-up visit Subject or legal representative has been informed of the nature of the study and agrees to provisions and has provided written informed consent as approved by the Institutional Review Board of respective clinical site History of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy including hemophilia, von Willebrand's disease, and/or a current, known platelet count <100,000 cells/mm3, or baseline INR > 1.7 Body Mass Index (BMI) ³ 35 kg/m2 Presence of significant anemia (Hgb < 10 g/dL, Hct < 30%) Advanced Subject refusal of blood transfusions, should transfusion become necessary


eligible ages (years): 1.0-18.0,  All  Hypertension Significant pulmonary arterial hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure > 25 mm Hg) Patients aged 4-18 years Routine cardiac catheterization clinically indicated for deciding therapeutic treatment Informed assent/consent from patient/parent  Suprasystemic pulmonary artery pressures Evidence of right heart failure History of ventricular arrhythmia Known vascular access arrhythmia Contraindication to Sildenafil Concurrent inotropic / PDE administration Other medical, psychological or social circumstances which complicate a regular participation in the study, and/or increase the risk for the patients themselves No consent/assent Pregnancy or unwillingness to comply with contraceptive advice


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Cardiac Arrest Sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest, for more than 30 min Patients aged between 18 to 80 years Patients who are hemodynamically stable, with a systolic BP > 90 mmHg with or without inotropic support Patients comatose or unresponsive post-resuscitation  Hypotension despite fluid and/or vasopressor support Positive pregnancy test in women below 50 years Premorbid status bedbound and uncommunicative


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Cardiac Catheterization All consented pts. over the age of 18 who received sutured mediated femoral vein following catheterization  Pt.s who are unable to give consent Pts. whose participation in research is contraindicated for medical reasons are excluded


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Cardiac Arrest Hypothermia ROSC after SCA due to VF/VT or PEA/Asystolia GCS 3  Non-cardiac SCA Pregnancy Unstable Circulation instead of High-dose Inotropics Life-expectancy reducing concomitant illness


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Artery Disease, Autosomal Dominant, 1 Patient is > 18 years of age (or minimum age as required by local regulations) The patient or patient's legal representative has consented to participate and has authorized the collection and release of his medical information by signing the "Patient Informed Consent Form" All lesions requiring interventions (target lesions one to a maximum of four) in one or more native coronary arteries are amendable for implantation of one or more Endeavor® Zotarolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System Patient indication, lesion length and vessel diameter of the target lesion(s) are according to the 'Indications for Use' as mentioned in the 'Instructions for Use' that comes with every Endeavor® Zotarolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System. Please check the 'Instructions for Use' that comes with the product. Please be aware that the 'Instructions for Use' may be subject to change during the course of the study The patient is willing and able to cooperate with study procedures and required follow up visits  Women with known pregnancy or who are lactating Planned elective surgery necessitating discontinuation of clopidogrel within the regular planned period of clopidogrel administration Patients expected not to be compliant with the anti-platelet and/or anticoagulation therapy regimen Previous brachytherapy Previous implantation of a drug eluting stent Previous implantation of a bare metal stent in the preceding year Simultaneous or planned intervention other non cardiac vessels including but not limited to renal artery or carotid artery Current medical condition with a life expectancy of less than 3 years Manifest acute severe heart failure (Killip class III-IV) The patient is currently, and during the first 3 years of the trial, participating in another investigational device or drug study that clinically interferes with the endpoints; or requires coronary angiography or other coronary artery imaging procedures. The patient may only be enrolled in the once


eligible ages (years): 19.0-999.0,  All  Arterial Stiffness The patients receiving CRT are medically refractory, symptomatic, NYHA class III or IV disease and QRS duration of 130 m sec or greater, and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30 percent or less All individuals are carefully selected after appropriate clinical evaluation as determined by the treating physicians to possible reversible causes of heart failure  Patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and non-palpable carotid and/or femoral pulses will be excluded due to technical limitations of the procedure used for the measurement of arterial stiffness


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Angiography Via Femoral Artery Access The patient must be at least 18 years old Patients undergoing femoral access coronary angiography Patient must be competent for providing informed, written consent Only 6F sheath  Percutaneous coronary intervention Intra coronary measurements (FFR, IVUS, OCT, NIR) Groin hematoma before closure Pseudoaneurysm or AV fistula Significant stenosis of ilial or femoral artery Prior peripheral artery surgery INR > 3,0 Platelet count < 120 million per millilitre blood Coagulopathy (bleeding disorder) Thrombolysis in the last 24h


eligible ages (years): 30.0-80.0,  All  Diabetic Foot Ulcer diabetic foot ulcer < = 80 years old diabetic foot ulcer wegnar 2-4 stage  Wagner grade 0,1 and grade 5 severe coronary, cerebral, renal vascular as well as severe liver diseases, malignant neoplasms bleeding individuals > 80 years old heart failure (NYHA 3,4) cancer


eligible ages (years): 18.0-85.0,  All  Coagulation Therapeutic Uses Pharmacologic Actions patient/legal representative provides written informed consent Patient is scheduled for a coronary or peripheral diagnostic or interventional procedure Target vessel has a lumen diameter ≥ 6 mm Patient must be willing to comply with follow-up requirements Patient has a 5-7F arterial puncture located in the common femoral artery  Arterial puncture in the femoral artery of both legs Manual compression has been preformed on the ipsilateral arterial site within the previous 6 weeks Any closure system has been used on the ipsilateral arterial site within the previous 180 days Any reentry of the ipsilateral site is planned within the next 6 weeks History of surgical repair of blood vessels of the ipsilateral arterial site Patient is unable to ambulate at baseline Significant bleeding diathesis or platelet dysfunction Thrombocytopenia (Plt count ≤ 100,000) Anemia (Hgb ≤ 10mg/dl and/or Hct ≤ 30mg/dl) Hemophilia


eligible ages (years): 7.0-18.0,  All  Pain Ages 7-18 years Scheduled for cardiac catheterization through the femoral artery and/or vein under general anesthetic Ability to speak and understand English No apparent cognitive impairments  Known allergies to bupivacaine Impaired renal function Impaired hepatic function


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Diabetes Critical Limb Ischemia Adult diabetic patients type 1 or 2 Chronic critical ischemia as defined by TASC 2007 (pain at rest, and/or ulcer or gangrene due to arteriopathy: transcutaneous oximetry < 30 mmHg or pressure on the ankle < 70 mmHg)  Cancer with adverse prognosis in months, or chemotherapeutic treatment Ongoing or planned pregnancy Lack of consent to participate to the study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Artery Disease Age > 19 years Subject is able to verbally confirm understanding of risks, benefits and treatment alternatives of receiving the drug-eluting stent(s) and he/she or his/her legally authorized representative provides written informed consent prior to any study related procedure Subject must have significant stenosis (>50% by visual estimate) on a native or in-stent coronary artery Subject must have evidence of myocardial ischemia (e.g., stable, unstable angina, recent infarction, acute myocardial infarction, positive functional study or a reversible changes in the ECG consistent with ischemia). In subjects with coronary artery stenosis >75%, evidence of myocardial ischemia does not have to be documented  Subject has a known hypersensitivity or contraindication to any of the following medications: heparin, aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, biolimus A9, everolimus, zotarolimus, stainless steel, cobalt chromium, contrast media (Patients with documented sensitivity to contrast media, which can be effectively premedicated with steroid and diphenhydramine may be enrolled. However, those with true anaphylaxis to prior contrast media should not be enrolled.) Subject in use of systemic (intravenous) biolimus A9, everolimus or zotarolimus within 12 months Female subject of childbearing potential, unless a recent pregnancy test is negative, who possibly plans to become pregnant any time after enrollment into this study Subject planned an elective surgical procedure that would necessitate interruption of antiplatelet during the first 12 months post enrollment Subject with non-cardiac co-morbid condition with life expectancy < 2 year or that may result in protocol non-compliance (per site investigator's medical judgment) Subject with cardiogenic shock at presentation Subject who are actively participating in another drug or device investigational study, who have not completed the primary end point follow-up period


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Artery Disease Angina Pectoris Myocardial Infarction Age ≥18 years Symptomatic coronary artery disease including patients with chronic stable angina, silent ischemia, and acute coronary syndromes including NSTE-ACS and STE-ACS Presence of one or more coronary artery stenoses >50% in a native coronary artery or a saphenous bypass graft which can be treated with a stent ranging in diameter from 2.25 to 4.0 mm and can be covered with one or multiple stents No limitation on the number of treated lesions, and vessels, and lesion length  Pregnancy Known intolerance to aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin, stainless steel, Sirolimus, Everolimus or contrast material Inability to provide informed consent Currently participating in another trial before reaching first endpoint Planned surgery within 6 months of PCI unless dual antiplatelet therapy is maintained throughout the peri-surgical period


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Critical Care Catheterization Patient admitted in the Intensive Care Unit Requiring Central Venous Catheterization  Patients with only one site available


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Severe Sepsis Control group  male or female aged at least 18 years, matched on age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes and treated dyslipidemia) with septic patients Normal clinical examination and normal 12-lead ECG Routines biological tests in the normal range of the laboratories Body mass index between 18 and 27 kg/m² Written informed consent Patients group  Male or female aged at least 18 years Severe sepsis defined by the presence of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome  Control group  legal protection or persons deprived of liberty bacterial or viral infection in the month preceding current medication pregnancy or breastfeeding period stated on the national register for persons who participate to biomedical research Patients group  legal protection or persons deprived of liberty vasopressor therapy bacterial or viral infection in the month preceding


eligible ages (years): 19.0-90.0,  All  Carotid Stenosis Femoral Arterial Stenosis Carotid Bruit Asymptomatic Carotid Murmur age 19-90 years having clinical ultrasound evaluation of carotid or femoral artery  under age 19; over age 90 years


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Cardiac Disease Coronary Artery Disease Over 18 years of age Each patient, or his or her guardian or legal representative, is willing to give informed consent Clinically indicated for an intra-arterial procedure involving access through the common femoral artery and conducted through an access sheath size of between 6F and 7F inclusive  Patients with known allergy to any of the materials used in the device Severe acute non-cardiac systemic disease or terminal illness with a life expectancy of less than one year Evidence of systemic bacterial or cutaneous infection, including groin infection Patients suffering with definitive or potential coagulopathy or platelet count <100,000./µl Use of systemic thrombolytic agents within 24 hours prior to or during the catheterisation procedure which cause the concentration of fibrinogen to be < 100 mg/dl or if post-thrombolytic fibrinogen (in case of thrombolysis within 24 hours or intra-procedural) cannot be measured Patients in whom an introducer sheath smaller than 6F or greater than 7F have been used Currently participating in another investigational device or drug study Patients with severe claudication, iliac or femoral artery diameter stenosis greater than 50%, or previous bypass surgery or stent placement in the vicinity of the access site If puncture site is via a vascular graft If a palpable haematoma is observed during the procedure


eligible ages (years): 16.0-60.0,  All  Vascular Postoperative Complications Urological System Complication of Procedure Lymphocele Postoperative Infection Patients candidates to renal transplantation  Patients with known allergy to products of fibrin seal


eligible ages (years): 18.0-89.0,  All  Cardiac Diseases All cardiac surgical patients  Non cardiac surgery


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Carotid Atherosclerosis Critical Lower Limb Ischaemia Age greater than 18 years patient willing to give full informed consent for participation Patients undergoing elective carotid endarterectomy or Patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair or Patients undergoing endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair or Patients undergoing surgical lower limb revascularisation (suprainguinal or infrainguinal)  Patients less than 18 years of age Patients who are unable or unwilling to give full informed consent Pregnancy Significant upper limb peripheral arterial disease Patients on glibenclamide or nicorandil (these medications may interfere with remote ischaemic preconditioning) Patients with an estimated pre-operative glomerular filtration rate < 30mls/min/1.73m2 Patients with a history of myocarditis, pericarditis or amyloidosis Patients undergoing Fenestrated or branched EVAR


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Acute Ischaemic Stroke Clinical diagnosis of supratentorial acute ischaemic stroke Male or nonpregnant female ≥18 years of age Clinically significant neurological deficit and NIHSS score ≥6 Eligible for IV rtPA according to standard guidelines and able to be commenced on IV treatment <4.5h after symptom onset Enrolment, randomisation and procedure commencement (groin puncture) possible within 90 minutes of the start of IV rtPA treatment (groin puncture maximum 5.5h after stroke onset) Occlusion of the main middle cerebral artery (MCA) trunk, MCA bifurcation or intracranial internal carotid artery(carotidT, M1 or single proximal M2 branch) demonstrated on CTA, MRA, or DSA Interventional device delivery (guide catheter placed beyond aortic arch and angio obtained) can be achieved within 6 hours of onset of the stroke Consent of patient or representative Independent prior to the stroke (estimated mRS 02) Expected to be able to be followed up at 3 months  CT evidence of intracranial haemorrhage, or evidence of extensive established hypodensity on CT Clinical history suggestive of subarachnoid haemorrhage even if CT normal Known vascular access contraindications e.g. femoral bypass surgery, tight ipsilateral carotid stenosis, unsuitable proximal vascular anatomy likely to render endovascular catheterisation difficult or impossible Extracranial ICA occlusion or basilar artery occlusion Alternative intracranial pathology potentially responsible for the new symptoms Medical comorbidities which would preclude safe cerebral vessel catheterisation or which are expected to limit life expectancy to <3 months (eg severe cardiac, renal or hepatic failure, significant coagulopathy, metastatic malignancy) Known allergy to radiological contrast


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Cardiovascular Diseases HIV Simultaneous co-enrollment in the START study Signed informed consent  Inability to ascertain waveform measurements that can be analyzed, i.e. atrial fibrillation


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Hematologic Neoplasm Acute Leukemia Myelodysplastic Syndrome Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma Potential subjects must satisfy all of the following to be enrolled in the study diagnosis of hematologic neoplasm (acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, chronic myeloid leukemia, Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms) independently of the stage of disease or treatment (including transplant procedures) platelet count <50 x109/L at the time of starting antithrombotic prophylaxis or platelet count <50 x109/L at the time of diagnosis of arterial or venous thromboembolism objectively proven or platelet count >50 x109/L at time of thrombosis but subsequent thrombocytopenia <50 x109/L while receiving antithrombotic treatment diagnosis of arterial thrombosis acute coronary syndrome, ischemic stroke (including major and minor stroke), peripheral arterial thrombosis, retinal arterial thrombosis diagnosis of venous thrombosis thrombosis of deep veins of the limbs and the abdomen, superficial veins of limbs, cerebral and splanchnic veins, retinal vein, and pulmonary embolism. Splanchnic venous thrombosis occlusion of hepatic, portal, mesenteric, and splenic veins  The following situations will not be of neither outcomes of interest transient ischemic attack without CT and/or NMR signs superficial vein thrombosis without Doppler ultrasound examination showing evidence of thrombosis antithrombotic prophylaxis only local for central venous lines (i.e. CVC flushing with heparin) occlusion of the central venous catheter (notice that CVC-related deep venous thrombosis, i.e. thrombosis of the deep veins where the central line is placed, will be a criterion of or an outcome of antithrombotic prophylaxis)


eligible ages (years): 40.0-90.0,  All  Diabetes Peripheral Arterial Disease Women Diagnosis of diabetes Diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease  Regular physical activity Smokers Thrombosis active Severe peripheral arterial disease


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Heart Failure Patients over 18 years of age with chronic heart failure, ischemic and non-ischemic etiology NYHA (New York Heart Association) class II-IV LVEF (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction) ≤ 35% Patients treated with maximum tolerated doses of standard pharmacotherapy for heart failure, who were stable for at least four weeks without acute decompensated heart failure Prior to enrollment, patients must give informed consent  Patients with history of acute coronary syndrome or stroke within the last 6 months Significant valvular defects and/or planned cardiac surgery Systolic blood pressure <110 mmHg Advanced renal insufficiency (estimated GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) according to MDRD <30 ml/min/1.73 square meters) Unsuitable anatomy of renal arteries (presence of significant renal stenosis, renal artery narrower than 4 mm) Patients who underwent renal angioplasty or stent placement into the renal artery in the past Severe coagulation disorders Pregnancy or lactation Refusal of the patient Other diseases limiting prognosis of the patient to less than 2 years


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Percutaneous Closure of Arteriotomy in Common Femoral Artery Over 18 years of age Each patient, or his or her guardian or legal representative, is willing to give informed consent Clinically indicated for an endovascular procedure involving access through the femoral artery, with an access puncture of 18 Females who are not pregnant or lactating, and not planning to become pregnant ≤ 12 months. A pregnancy test may be performed to confirm this  There will be no of patients from this trial in respect of race, co-existent disease or concomitant therapy, with the exception of those listed below Severe acute non-cardiac systemic disease or terminal illness with a life expectancy of less than one year Evidence of systemic bacterial or cutaneous infection, including groin infection Evidence of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and/or VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococci) colonisation With arterial access other than the common femoral artery.* Patients suffering with definitive or potential coagulopathy or platelet count less than 100,000/µl Patient with a haematocrit of less than 32 % A measured activated clotting time (ACT) of greater than 350 seconds immediately prior to sheath removal.* If patients are expected to be continuously treated with anticoagulation therapy post-procedure such that their ACT reading is expected to be elevated above 350 seconds for more than 24 hours after the procedure Evidence of arterial diameter stenosis greater than 20 % within 20 mm of the arteriotomy.*


eligible ages (years): 18.0-90.0,  All  Postcardiac Arrest Pulseless Electrical Activity Asystole Admission to adult ICU (age ≥18 years) at London Health Sciences Centre Primary reason for ICU admission: postcardiac arrest Both in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest will be included ICU admission between Jan 2008 and Dec 2012  ICU admissions primarily for reasons other than cardiac arrest


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Vascular Access Complication Comfort CAG or PCI performed via the femoral artery No hematoma in the groin (> 5 cm in diameter) Heparin reversed with protamine after PCI  Oozing, bleeding or hematoma Treatment with Integrilin, ReoPro, or Marevan Heparin can not be reversed The patient does not want to participate Systolic blood pressure > 180 mm Hg after the procedure BMI> 35 (can be modified if the groin can be assessed in an upright position) Demented, unconscious patients who do not understand the information for participants


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Artery Disease patients of both sexes older than 18 years submitted to CABG with CPB, presence of coronary disease confirmed by coronary angiography, use of the left internal thoracic artery and/or saphena, patients who remained in spontaneous ventilation on the first postoperative day, absence of chronic or acute pulmonary disease, and giving written informed consent to participate in the study  intraoperative change of the surgical technique, surgical complications or complications occurring in the ICU, emergency reoperation, renal failure, failure to agree to continue in the study, presence of other types of heart disease, and presence of pulmonary diseases


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Carotid Atherosclerosis Critical Lower Limb Ischaemia Age greater than 18 years Patient willing to give full informed consent for participation Patients undergoing elective carotid endarterectomy or Patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair or Patients undergoing endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair or Patients undergoing surgical lower limb revascularisation (suprainguinal or infrainguinal)  Pregnancy Significant upper limb peripheral arterial disease Previous history of upper limb deep vein thrombosis Patients on glibenclamide or nicorandil (these medications may interfere with RIPC) Patients with an estimated pre-operative glomerular filtration rate < 30mls/min/1.73m2 Patients with a known history of myocarditis, pericarditis or amyloidosis Patients with an estimated pre-operative glomerular filtration rate < 30mls/min/1.73m2 Patients with severe hepatic disease defined as an international normalised ratio >2 in the absence of systemic anticoagulation Patients with severe respiratory disease (for the trial, defined as patients requiring home oxygen therapy) Patients previously enrolled in the trial representing for a further procedure Patients with previous axillary surgery


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Cardiovascular Disease eligible transplanted patients scheduled for a routine coronary angiography with age >18 years old  chronic renal insufficiency (creatinine >2.0 mg/dl) with the potential necessity of using the radial artery as a native fistula will be considered one of the criteria in case of an abnormal or doubtful bilateral Allen's test, a pletysmography will be done. The presence of a type A or B curve will be considered a marker of adequate hand collaterals and the procedure will be able by this access. Only the presence of bilateral type C or D curves will be considered a contraindication to trans radial approach


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Acute Coronary Syndromes Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary Unstable angina with an indication for invasive stratification Acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation Acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation Patient informed of the nature of the study and have signed the Informed Consent Patient suitable for coronary angiography and / or percutaneous coronary intervention either by radial access as the femoral  Below 18 years of age Pregnancy Chronic use of vitamin K antagonists, or direct thrombin inhibitors or antagonists of factor Xa Active bleeding or high risk of bleeding (severe hepatic insufficiency, active peptic ulcer disease, creatinine clearance <30 mL / min, platelet count <100,000 mm3) Uncontrolled hypertension Cardiogenic shock Previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery with the use of ≥ 1 graft Patients not candidates for the use of any of the specified vascular access Concomitant severe disease with life expectancy less than 12 months life Medical, geographical, or social conditions that impede study participation


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Hemorrhoids Pain, Postoperative Patients with symptomatic grade III or IV hemorrhoids (bleeding, pain, itching, soiling or prolapse) that are elegible for surgical treatment with both methods  Associated recto-anal pathology such as acute thrombosed hemorrhoid, anal fissure, perianal fistula, perianal abscess, rectal prolapse, fecal incontinence or anal stenosis Prior anorectal surgery  Systemic pathology that could alter the outcome of the surgery as coagulopathies, chronic pain with continued consumption of analgesics Age younger than 18 or older than 80 years, socio-pathology or inability to understand the study objectives


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Disease >18 year Should be able to provide valid informed signed consent CAG, possibly including intracoronary measurement (FFR) or intracoronary imaging (IVUS, optical coherence tomography (OCT), NIRS)  Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure and/or implantation of stents ST-Elevations Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Multiple punctures Active infection Groin haematoma before the closure procedure Known pseudoaneurysm or arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the ipsilateral groin Cardiogenic shock Prior peripheral arterial surgery in abdomen or lower extremities Sheat size >7 F Life expectancy less than one year


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Endovascular Procedure Requiring an Arteriotomy in the Range of 18 to 24 F, Via the Common Femoral Artery. Over 18 years of age Each patient, or his or her guardian or legal representative, is willing to give informed consent Clinically indicated for an endovascular procedure involving access through the femoral artery, with an access puncture of 18 French (F) Females who are not pregnant or lactating, and not planning to become pregnant in ≤ 12 months  Severe acute non-cardiac systemic disease or terminal illness with a life expectancy of less than one year Evidence of systemic bacterial or cutaneous infection Evidence of MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and/or VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococci) colonisation Arterial access other than the common femoral artery Patients suffering with definitive or potential coagulopathy or platelet count less than 100,000/μl Patient with a haematocrit of less than 32 % A measured activated clotting time (ACT) of greater than 350 seconds immediately prior to sheath removal If patients are expected to be continuously treated with anticoagulation therapy post-procedure such that their ACT reading is expected to be elevated above 350 seconds for more than 24 hours after the procedure Evidence of arterial diameter stenosis greater than 20 % within 20 mm of the arteriotomy Circumferential calcification within 20 mm of the arteriotomy


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Renal Failure Chronic Requiring Hemodialysis Central Venous Catheterization Inadequate Hemodialysis Blood Flow Venous Stenosis Venous Thrombosis Infection Due to Central Venous Catheter Central Venous Catheter Thrombosis Chronic renal failure requiring hemodialysis No medical history of central vena catheterization Maintenance hemodialysis after central vena catheterization Signed informed consent  Had been performed central venous puncture or catheterization before Can not use heparin Refused to sign the informed consent Advanced cancer patients With or will take arteriovenous fistula surgery in right arm Other inappropriate situation


eligible ages (years): 25.0-90.0,  All  Carotid Artery Thrombosis Carotid Artery Stenosis Stroke Carotid stenosis > 60%  Redo carotid surgery Radiation induced carotid stenosis Extensive carotid lesion > 5 cm in length with involvement of the common carotid artery best treated by a carotid bypass


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Peripheral Artery Disease Critical Limb Ischemia Claudication Age ≥ 18 Patient undergoing vascular surgery that would a groin incision as a standard part of the operation. Infrainguinal bypass including femoral popliteal/tibial/pedal artery bypass with autogenous or prosthetic conduit Willing to comply with protocol, attend follow-up appointments, complete all study assessments, and provide written informed consent  Any groin incision on index leg within 12 weeks prior to treatment initiation Infrainguinal bypass without a groin incision including popliteal-tibial or pedal bypass Supra inguinal procedures such as open or endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair or aorto-femoral/bi-femoral bypass for occlusive disease Undergoing current chemotherapy or radiation therapy Pregnancy or lactation Inability or refusal to provide informed consent Patients who received an investigational drug for peripheral arterial disease within 4 weeks of screening or who participated in another non-observational clinical trial in the prior 30 days Surgical incision in the groin without primary closure including previously open or infected wounds Sensitivity or allergy to silver Prior enrollment in this randomized controlled trial


eligible ages (years): 0.0-17.0,  All  Intraoperative Complications Postoperative Complications Surgical admission, with a noncardiac surgical interventions Aged between >28 days and <18years on the day of the surgical intervention  Non-surgical admission Surgical interventions with <10 per group Cardio-thoracic and interventional cardiology procedures


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  ATRIAL FLUTTER indication for atrial flutter ablation  history of recent femoral vein thrombosis (within last 6 months)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-75.0,  All  Pain, Postoperative Total Knee Arthroplasty Able to consent to regional anesthesia and having primary total knee arthroplasty/replacement  Body-Mass Index >40 Iliac to Patella Distance (IPD) <40cm Pre-existing quadriceps weakness of involved surgical side Chronic opioid use (if using opioids within 4 weeks of surgery: excluded)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-75.0,  All  Vascular Fistula Age from 18 to 75 years Radial artery diameter <2.0 mm or cephalic vein diameter in the forearm <2.5 mm Brachial artery diameter ≥ 2 mm  Stenosis or thrombosis present in the draining vein A history of peripheral ischemia in upper extremities Active local or systemic infections Inability to consent for the procedure Patients with previous dysfunctional forearm fistula


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (group 1 of the Nice classification of pulmonary hypertension) Aged over 18 years old NYHA class III or IV Not controlled by optimal medical management as defined by dual therapy including a prostacyclin or dual therapy including an endothelin receptor antagonist and a phosphodiesterase inhibitors, in patients with contra-indication of prostacyclin, poor tolerance to this treatment, prostacyclin derivative treatment failure or patient refusal Valid status in the social security system Signed informed consent  Patient eligible for pulmonary transplantation Pregnancy or breastfeeding Adults of the age of majority subject to guardianship court order or deprived of liberty Patient with history of radio frequency procedure Known heparin allergy


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Sleep-Disordered Breathing Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension minimum 18 years old diagnosed with PAH or non-operable CTEPH or operated CTEPH with peristent pulmonary hypertension diagnosis of PAH based on cardiac catherisation diagnosis of CTEPH confirmed by contrast-enhanced spiral chest CT, pulmonary angiography and V/Q scintigraphy recent diagnosis of sleep disordered breathing (polysomnography realized within 3 months before showing AHI above 15) stable clinical condition for at least 3 months before as defined by NYHA and a walking distance difference within 10% of the previous 3 months and no change in medical therapy during this 3 months  congenital heart disease moderate and severe restrictive or obstructive pulmonary disease with a TLC and a FEV1<60% of the predicted value BMI 35kg/m2 or more patients already treated with CPAP patients with severe sleepiness (epworth sleepiness scale from 18 to 24/24)


eligible ages (years): 50.0-999.0,  All  Venous Hypertension Ulcers Venous Stasis Ulcer Venous Ulcer Venous Insufficiency Leg Ulcer Foot Ulcer Varicose Ulcer Diabetic Foot Newly healed leg or diabetic foot ulcer within past 7 days Ankle brachial index 0.8 3mmHg (rule out absence of arterial disease) Willing to wear compression stockings and appropriate footwear Working freezer  Open leg or foot ulcers Cognitive impairment: unable to recall 2 or more words or draw clock Mini-Cog™ for cognitive impairment Chronic inflammatory or vascular conditions where blood flow of skin may be impaired such as Lupus erythematosus, Raynaud's, scleroderma, end stage renal disease, chronic regional pain syndrome, multiple sclerosis, hypersensitivity to cold, on chemotherapy Unable to preform required protocol activities without assistance (return demonstration to study staff)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Peripheral Arterial Disease Critical Limb Ischaemia Willing, able, and committed to participate in the procedures for the full length of the study All ethnic groups, male or female above the age of 18 years Diagnosis of non-reconstructable arterial disease and critical limb ischaemia (with a minimum of duplex ultrasound and an MDT discussion to have reached this diagnosis) Be of non-childbearing potential; OR using adequate contraception and have a negative urine pregnancy test result within 24 hours if appropriate before using the study device Blood pressure currently under moderate control (< 160/100mmHg) History of uncomplicated cardiovascular events beyond 3 months No current foot ulceration  Patients meeting any of the following are to be excluded Has an unstable condition (eg, psychiatric disorder, a recent history of substance abuse) or otherwise thought to be unreliable or incapable of complying with the study protocol Has any metal implants Pregnant Has peripheral neuropathy Has a cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator device Has recent lower limb injury or lower back pain Has current foot ulceration or other skin ulcers Has foot deformities Has any disorder that, in the opinion of the Investigator, might interfere with the conduct of the study


A 40-year-old woman with no past medical history presents to the ER with excruciating pain in her right arm that had started 1 hour prior to her admission. She denies trauma. On examination she is pale and in moderate discomfort, as well as tachypneic and tachycardic. Her body temperature is normal and her blood pressure is 80/60. Her right arm has no discoloration or movement limitation.

eligible ages (years): 18.0-60.0,  All  Facial Neuropathy 60 years of age Right-handed non-smokers Diagnosed with facial pain Continuous pain for more than 3 months Spontaneous pain greater than 3 of 10 Allodynia to brush greater than 5 of 10  Medications Depression Significant medical problems Claustrophobia Abnormal EKG Significant drug or alcohol history Positive drug screen Weight greater than 285 lbs History of allergy to anticonvulsants Tattoos with metallic ink on upper body


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Diabetic Neuropathies Have pain due to bilateral peripheral neuropathy caused by Type I or Type II diabetes with the pain beginning in the feet and present for at least 6 months May not be pregnant and agree to utilize medically acceptable and reliable means of birth control during participation in the study Score of 4 or greater on the Brief Pain Inventory on the 24-hour average pain item  History of substance abuse or dependence within the past year, excluding nicotine and caffeine Serious or unstable cardiovascular, hepatic (acute liver injury such as hepatitis or severe cirrhosis),kidney, respiratory, or blood disorder, seizure disorder, problems with peripheral vascular disease, or other medical conditions or psychiatric conditions that would hinder your participation or be likely to lead to hospitalization during the course of the study Taking monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) within 14 days of starting the study or the potential need to take during or within 5 days after discontinuation from the study Treatment with fluoxetine within 30 days of starting the study Unstable blood sugar control and uncontrolled or poorly controlled hypertension


eligible ages (years): 40.0-999.0,  All  Myocardial Ischemia Documented silent myocardial ischemia type I At least one cardiovascular risk factor  History of cardiovascular disease


eligible ages (years): 15.0-45.0,  All  Chronic or Recurrent Appendicitis Patients were eligible if they were between 15 and 45 years of age, and if they suffered from chronic or recurrent right lower abdominal quadrant pain for more than three months. They were to experience continuous pain, or should have endured at least one pain attack in the month prior to inclusion  consisted of (a history of) chronic back pain, previous abdominal surgery (with the exception of diagnostic laparoscopies or a laparoscopic sterilization), specific gastro-intestinal entities (such as inflammatory bowel disease) and gynaecological disease (all female patients consulted a gynaecologist). Routine laboratory investigations included hemoglobin rate, serum leukocyte count and differentiation, C-Reactive Protein concentration, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, faeces cultures and urine sedimentation. Barium contrast studies of the colon were done in all patients, abdominal ultrasound or enteroclysis on discretion. Finally, was possible when diagnostic laparoscopy revealed abnormalities (see below)


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Brain Trauma Patients of acute moderate brain trauma  Patients who are medically unstable or have CT findings that may interfere with the study such as a large hemorrhage or edema encephalomalacia prior neurosurgeries hardware placed in the head or neck prior head trauma history of neurological conditions


eligible ages (years): 50.0-75.0,  All  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Age 50-75 years Type 2 diabetes mellitus  Angina or anginal equivalent Abnormal rest ECG (Q or ST depression) Known CAD Stress testing within the last 3 years


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Chronic Pain Muscular-skeletal pain in the neck/shoulder region Acute and chronic pain in the neck/shoulder region Restricted range of motion in the neck/shoulder region Fibrosis or scar tissue in the neck/shoulder region Inflammation in the neck/shoulder region Altered function in the neck/shoulder region Muscle strains in the neck/shoulder region Rating of 30 or greater on the 0-100 Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scale 65 years of age  Severely herniated disks Pregnancy Taken pain medication within the past 12 hours


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Angina Pectoris Silent Ischemia Diagnosis of angina pectoris as defined by Canadian Cardiovascular Society Classification (CCS I,II, III, IV) OR unstable angina pectoris (Braunwald Classification B&C, I-II-III) OR patients with documented silent ischemia, all treated with a second generation drug eluting stent Presence of one or more de novo stenosis equal or greater than 70% in a native coronary artery, treated with a Resolute drug eluting stent Patient is > 18 years of age (or minimum age as required by local regulations) The patient has consented to participate by signing the "Patient Informed Consent Form"" The patient is willing and able to cooperate with study procedures and required follow up visits Any type of lesion or number of lesion can be included in this trial unless specifically detailed in the  At least one second generation DES implanted in the target lesion in the last 24 hours No other DES implanted before the target procedure No BMS implanted in the 12 months before the target procedure Patients treated for lesions in venous or arterial grafts Patients treated for in-stent restenosis Patients treated for Unprotected Left Main lesions ST elevation myocardial infarction in the 48 hours prior to the procedure Non ST elevation myocardial infarction Patients with LVEF≤30% Women with known pregnancy or who are lactating


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy IVIG-untreated subjects Either subjects with newly diagnosed CIDP (developing over at least 2 months) or subjects with an IVIG treatment interruption for at least 1 year with a progressive disease (deteriorating in the last 2 months) prior to enrolment Actual diagnosis (including electrophysiology) of CIDP with progressive or relapsing dysfunction from motor and sensory or symmetric motor nerve only in at least 1 limb resulting from neuropathy. for definite or probable CIDP according to EFNS/PNS guideline Age ≥18 years Male or female Written informed consent for study participation obtained before undergoing any study specific procedures IVIG-pretreated subjects Being treated regularly with IVIG on a fixed cycle length of 2 to 6 weeks ± 5 days in the last 6 months, on a fixed dosage of ± 20 % in the last 6 months and deteriorating by at least 1 INCAT score point during the Washout Period of up to 10 weeks (except for an increase from 0 to 1 solely due to upper limb score) Historic diagnosis of CIDP with progressive or relapsing dysfunction from motor and sensory or symmetric motor nerve only in at least 1 limb resulting from neuropathy. for definite or probable CIDP according to EFNS/PNS guideline Age ≥18 years  A motor syndrome that fulfils for multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) with conduction block (i.e., upper limb motor weakness without sensory deficit and with a 50% decrease in action potential amplitude or area on proximal compared with distal stimulation in motor nerves) CIDP with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (CIDP-MGUS) with anti-MGUS antibodies and patients with distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS)neuropathy Any disease (mainly neurological or chronic orthopedic) that may cause symptoms or may interfere with treatment or outcome assessments with the INCAT (e.g., diphtheria, drug or toxin exposure and diabetes mellitus likely to have caused the neuropathy, IgM paraproteinemia, familial neuropathy, borreliosis with radiculopathy, post-polio-syndrome,M. Parkinson, stroke) Current malignancy History of cardiac insufficiency (New York Heart Association [NYHA] III/IV), cardiomyopathy, significant cardiac dysrhythmia requiring treatment, unstable or advanced ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure or severe hypertension History of thrombotic episodes (deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident) Migraine associated with IVIG infusion in the last 3 months prior to enrolment Known allergic or other severe reactions to blood products including intolerability to previous IVIG (i.e. severe headache, hypersensitivity, intravascular hemolysis) Subjects with serum IgA level less than 50% of the lower normal limit Known hyperprolinemia


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Septic Shock ventilated patient in sinus rhythm with septic shock requiring a hemodynamic assessment  < 18 yr-old pregnancy contra-indication for TEE, non sinus rhythm, aplasia, prior participation to the study, hemodynamic assessment using any other technique than those tested in the study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute Road traffic accident victims hospitalized in surgical department less than 2 weeks Can be called by phone  Patient with a coma for more than 15 minutes Patient with a crania traumatism and with loss of consciousness over 15 minutes Homeless


eligible ages (years): 18.0-90.0,  All  Hand Foot Syndrome Palmar Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Subjects must meet the following to be eligible for the study Receiving capecitabine or sunitinib as part of routine standard care CTCAE version 4.0, grade 1-3 PPE Adults age ≥ 18 Karnofsky (KPS) performance status of ≥70% Adequate organ and marrow function as defined below ANC > 1000/mL Platelets > 75,000/mL Total bilirubin < 1.5 x UNL AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) < 5 x UNL  Subjects meeting any of the following are ineligible for study entry Currently participating in a clinical trial History of hypersensitivity or intolerance to sildenafil or other related products tadalafil (Cialis™), vardenafil (Levitra™) or poloxamer vehicle Currently taking oral sildenafil or other related products tadalafil (Cialis™), vardenafil (Levitra™) Currently taking other treatment for PPE other than standard emollients Using organic nitrates, either regularly and/or intermittently, in any form History of myocardial infarction, stroke, or life-threatening arrhythmia within the last 6 months Resting hypotension (BP <90/50 mmHg) or hypertension (BP >170/110 mmHg). Those subjects on alpha-blocker or anti-hypertensive therapy must be hemodynamically stable for at least two weeks before day 1 of study drug Cardiac failure or coronary artery disease causing unstable angina Known retinitis pigmentosa (a minority of these patients have genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Septic Shock or more SIRS according to ACCP/SCCM definition Documented infection or strong suspicion of infection with adequate antibiotic treatment Shock according to ACCP/SCCM definition with the necessity of vasopressor treatment  Patients admitted with central nervous diseases ST elevation myocardial infarction Pulmonary embolism Out of hospital cardiac arrest patients Patients with therapy limitations Known pregnancy in other interventional trials


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Coronary Artery Disease The patient is male or female ≥ 18 years of age The patient presents with stable angina pectoris, or silent ischemia (positive stress test without chest pain) The patient is scheduled for coronary angiography, with possible angioplasty The patient is able to tolerate dual anti-platelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel for a minimum of 30 days and is on those medications at the time of the PCI (clopidogrel may be administered during PCI or within 30 minutes post PCI) The patient is able and willing to conform to the requirements of the study and voluntarily signs an Informed Consent The patient does not present with any form of illness or condition that in the investigator's opinion would impair the results of the study Women of child bearing potential must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test prior to enrollment  Patients in cardiogenic shock Patients with acute coronary syndrome, which includes unstable angina, non-ST-elevation MI or STEMI Known history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Contraindication to unfractionated heparin, bivalirudin, or any anticoagulant or antithrombotic pharmacological agent Any significant medical condition, which in the investigator's opinion, may interfere with the patient's optimal participation in the study Pregnant women or nursing mothers


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Septic Shock Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients were included if they were diagnosed with Shock, Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or both Shock was defined by the presence 4 Heart rate of at least 90/min A respiratory rate of at least 20/min or a PaCO2 of 32mmHg or lower or the use of mechanical ventilation The use of vasopressors to maintain a systolic blood pressure of at least 90mmHg despite fluid resuscitation, low dose of dopamine (≤ 5 μg/kg per minute), or dobutamine at least 1 of 3 signs of hypoperfusion (urine output < 0.5mL/kg of body weight per hour for 1 hour or more; neurologic dysfunction defined by confusion, psychosis, or a Glasgow coma scale score of ≤ 6; plasma lactate higher than the upper limit of the normal value) Acute respiratory distress syndrome： the presence of acute decrease in PaO2/FIO2 to 200mmHg or lower bilateral pulmonary infiltrates or a chest radiograph consistent with edema no clinical evidence of left atrial hypertension; and requirement for positive pressure ventilation  Patients were moribund signed do-not-resuscitation odor


eligible ages (years): 18.0-60.0,  All  Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Men and women, age 18-60 Participants must have a level of understanding sufficient to agree to all tests and examinations required by the protocol and must sign a written informed consent document. We determine whether they have a sufficient understanding of the study procedures and risks by asking them to explain what's involved in the study and to give examples of study risks and benefits Participants must fulfill DSM-IV for current PTSD, based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and on the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) CAPS score must be at least 40 (moderate PTSD severity) at screening  Current, primary Axis I disorders other than PTSD History or current bipolar disorder or primary psychotic disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder) Current diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa Women who are pregnant or are breast-feeding Drug or alcohol abuse or dependence within the preceding 3 months poorly controlled hypertension (manifest by SBP > 140 and/or DBP > 90); HR < 60 or > 100 at rest at the time of screening and confirmed immediately prior to randomization Evidence of coronary artery disease as evidenced by history, abnormal ECG, typical symptoms History of arrhythmia, cardiac surgery, or family history of sudden death Hepatic dysfunction as defined by AST and ALT > 2x URL, or alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin > 1.5 x URL within X days prior to randomization Chronic renal disease as defined by serum creatinine > 1.9


eligible ages (years): 21.0-999.0,  All  Chagas Disease Heart Diseases Have Chagas disease, confirmed by two serological tests Provide evidence through any of the following diagnosis methods: Rest ECG, 24 hour Holter monitoring, electrophysiological study, stress test or loop monitoring, at least one electrical disorder consistent with sinus bradycardia greater than 45 and lower than 60 bpm, sinus arrest not greater than 2.0 seconds, second degree atrial sinus block, intraventricular conduction disorders such as right branch, left branch or a bifascicular blockage type, first degree A-V blockage, or of type I second degree AV Block without associated bradycardia, atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias that do NOT constitute an indication for pacemaker implant, ICD or mapping and radio frequency ablation Be asymptomatic or having minimal isolated unspecific symptoms not consistent with cardiac arrest, aborted sudden death, syncope, frequent and recurrent palpitations, cardiac failure, and lower extremity edema Have ejection fraction of left ventricle >35% Be able to give his/her written informed consent Subject should be > 21 years old Be able to return for follow-up visits as required  Class I or II (according to AHA/HRS/ESC guidelines) indication for final implantation of pacemaker, ICD, or cardiac resynchronizer Exhibit extrinsic causes of sinus dysfunction or A-V blockage Exhibit infiltrative myocardial diseases such as tumors or associated valvular defects Suffer any concurrent disease that may limit the follow up or evaluation Suffer aftereffects of cerebral embolism Suffer ablation or isolation of pulmonary veins previous to their in the study Not being able or willing to comply with the follow-up schedule Have previous lesions of the spinal cord or aftereffects of skull trauma Have a record of epilepsy Receive pharmacological treatment for other diseases that may modify the autonomic function


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Pulmonary Thromboembolism Patients with signs or symptoms in favor of PTE who come to Emergency department of Alzahra General Hospital  previous history of Allergy to IV contrast Serum creatinin more than 1.8 patients that will not agree to participate in the study pregnancy Body weight more than 120 kg


eligible ages (years): 21.0-999.0,  All  Acute Coronary Syndrome Chest Pain Age greater than or equal to 21 years Chest discomfort or other symptoms consistent with possible ACS The treating physician feels the patient could be discharged home if cardiac disease was excluded  New ST-segment elevation in contiguous leads on any electrocardiogram (>/= 1 mV) Unstable vitals signs: symptomatic hypotension at the time of enrollment (systolic < 90 mm Hg), tachycardia (HR>120), bradycardia (HR<40), and hypoxemia (<90% pulse-oximetry on room air or normal home oxygen flow rate) Terminal diagnosis with life expectancy less than 1 year A non-cardiac medical, surgical, or psychiatric illness determined by the provider to require admission, increase risk of objective cardiac testing, or prevent immediate discharge following negative testing Prior enrollment Incapacity or unwillingness to provide consent and comply with study procedures Non-English speaking Sub-study I & II ED attending physicians ED attending physicians who decline to participate


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Anal Incontinence Obstetric Trauma Primiparous women aged 18 years of older Vaginal delivery, vacuum-assisted-vaginal-delivery (VAVD), or forceps-assisted-vaginal-delivery (FAVD) of a neonate of gestational age completed weeks Singleton or vaginal delivery of multiple gestation Able to read and speak the English language  Unable to comply with physical therapy or office visits Unreliable transportation Preexisting neurologic, musculoskeletal or neuromuscular disorder rendering them unable to perform physical therapy requirements Cesarean delivery History of prior surgery for anorectal incontinence (i.e. sphincteroplasty


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Acute Pain Reported pain greater than or equal to 3 out of 10  Less than 18 years of age Decreased level of consciousness Inability to answer questions Prisoner


eligible ages (years): 18.0-70.0,  All  Dystonia Confirmed diagnosis of focal hand dystonia (patients only) Between age 18 and 70 years Able to give informed consent Right handed Agrees to not drink caffeine or alcohol for 48 hours before study session No open scalp wounds or scalp infections  Has used illegal drugs within the past 6 months based on history. The intent is to those with drug use that may affect study results. Participants who appear to be intoxicated at the time of testing will be rescheduled Has more than 7 alcoholic drinks a week in the case of a woman and 14 alcoholic drinks a week in the case of a man Abnormal findings on neurologic exam (other than dystonia in patient group) Has had a brain tumor, a stroke, head trauma, epilepsy or a history of seizures Has major depression or any major mental disorders (axis I disorders) Has a neurologic disorder other than dystonia Has had a head injury where there was a loss of consciousness for more than a few seconds Has a pacemaker, intracardiac lines, implanted pumps or stimulators, or has metal objects inside the eye or skull. Dental fillings and dental braces are allowed Has known hearing loss Pregnancy


eligible ages (years): 18.0-75.0,  All  Septic Shock Criteria:• Written informed consent by patient or relative Time in ICU < 48 hours Septic shock Pulmonary artery catheter and radial arterial catheter Age 18 years Sinus rhythm Need for norepinephrine over 0.1 ug/kg/min but otherwise hemodynamically stable i.e no need to change the dose over the last 15min period before the study Mechanical ventilation with sedation Pwcp <18 mmHg  Contraindication to elevation of PEEP ( elevated intracranial pressure, pulmonary hypertension or other contraindication ) Contraindication to fluid challenge Contraindication to TEE Previous heart failure, heart valve stenosis of insufficiency


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Pulmonary Hypertension Prospective arm Man or woman aged over 18 With suspicion or diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension Scheduled to undergo right heart catheterization Able and willing to give informed consent Retrospective arm Man or woman aged over 18 With diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension confirmed by right heart catheterization in the past Able and willing to give informed consent  Both arms Minor (aged < 18) People unable or unwilling to give informed consent Hemodynamically unstable patients Pregnant women Prospective arm only Patients with contra-indication to right heart catheterization Patients incapable of performing a Valsalva maneuver Patients with recent myocardial infarction, high degree AV block, severe aortic stenosis or glaucoma


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Venous Thromboembolism Pulmonary Embolus Deep Vein Thrombosis Admitted to the hospital for care of injuries Have a greater than minimal (moderate to highest) level of VTE risk  Discharged prior to 24 hours in hospital Minimal VTE risk