eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Depression The patient has a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (Text Revision) (DSM-IV-TR) and is currently experiencing a major depressive episode Documentation that the patient has had at least 1 previous manic or mixed episode The patient has had no more than 6 mood episodes in the last year The patient's current major depressive episode must have started no less than 2 weeks and no more than 12 months prior to the screening visit. The current depressive episode must have begun after the patient's current mood stabilizer regime began The patient must have been taking 1 (or 2) of the following protocol-allowed mood stabilizers: lithium, valproic acid, lamotrigine, aripiprazole, olanzapine, risperidone, or ziprasidone (only if taken in combination with lithium or valproic acid) Written informed consent is obtained The patient is a man or woman 18 through 65 years of age The patient is in good health (except for diagnosis of bipolar I disorder) as judged by the investigator, on the basis of medical and psychiatric history, medical examination, electrocardiography (ECG), serum chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis Women of childbearing potential (women who have not reached menopause, women who are less than 2 years postmenopausal, and women who are not surgically sterile) who are sexually active must use a medically accepted method of contraception and must agree to continue use of this method for the duration of the study and for 30 days after participation in the study The patient is willing and able to comply with study restrictions and to attend regularly scheduled clinic visits as specified in this protocol  The patient has any Axis I disorder apart from bipolar I disorder that was the primary focus of treatment within 6 months of the screening visit or during the screening period The patient has psychotic symptoms or has had psychosis within 4 weeks of the screening visit or during the screening period The patient has current active suicidal ideation, is at imminent risk of self-harm, or has a history of significant suicidal ideation or suicide attempt at any time in the past that causes concern at present The patient has a history of an eating disorder or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) within 6 months of the screening visit or during the screening period The patient has a history of alcohol or substance abuse or dependence (with the exception of nicotine dependence) within 3 months of the screening visit or during the screening period The patient has a history of any cutaneous drug reaction or drug hypersensitivity reaction, a history of any clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction, or a history of multiple clinically relevant allergies The patient has any clinically significant uncontrolled medical condition, treated or untreated The patient has received modafinil or armodafinil within the past 5 years, or the patient has a known sensitivity to any ingredients in the study drug tablets The patient has previously participated in a clinical study with armodafinil or has used any investigational product within 90 days of screening. The patient may not enroll in any other clinical study while participating in this study The patient has ever been treated with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) or deep brain stimulation (DBS), or has been treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) within 3 months of the screening visit


A 26-year-old obese woman with a history of bipolar disorder complains that her recent struggles with her weight and eating have caused her to feel depressed. She states that she has recently had difficulty sleeping and feels excessively anxious and agitated. She also states that she has had thoughts of suicide. She often finds herself fidgety and unable to sit still for extended periods of time. Her family tells her that she is increasingly irritable. Her current medications include lithium carbonate and zolpidem.

eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Schizophrenia Diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or schizophreniform Females who participate in this study are unable to have children-OR- are willing to remain abstinent from Day -5 until 90 days after discharge Males must be willing to remain sexually abstinent or use an effective method of birth control (e.g. condom) from Day -5 until 90 days after discharge Able and agree to remain off of prior antipsychotic medication for the duration of the study  Presence or history (within the last year) of a medical or surgical condition (e.g. gastrointestinal disease) that might interfere with the absorption, metabolism, or excretion of orally administered lurasidone Positive test results within 30 days prior to the start of the study for Participated in another clinical trial or receiving an investigational product within 30 days prior to drug administration Use of concomitant medications that prolong the QT/QTc interval within 14 days prior to Day to follow-up Use of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor within 21 days prior to Day 1 to Restabilization Received depot neuroleptics unless the last injection was at least 1 treatment cycle before Day -5


eligible ages (years): 14.0-45.0,  All  Schizophreniform Disorder Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar II Disorder Major Depressive Disorder With Psychotic Features, Substance-Induced Psychoses Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified Schizophrenia Schizoaffective Disorder Age between 14 and 45 years (inclusive) Male or Female gender DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder,Schizophreniform Disorder, Bipolar Disorder (Type I),Bipolar Disorder (Type II), Major Depressive Disorder With Psychotic Features, Substance-Induced Psychoses, Psychosis Not-Otherwise-Specified (NOS) Outpatient status at the time of randomization Duration of antipsychotic treatment of less than 5 years Ability to provide informed consent Female patients of childbearing potential must be using a medically accepted means of contraception Treatment with olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine,risperidone or paliperidone for less than 8 weeks duration at enrollment BMI between 18.5 and 30  Inability to give informed consent Currently enrolled in a weight management program Currently being treated with a medication to reduce weight Patients with unstable or active cardiovascular illnesses (myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, etc), active or end-stage renal disease, and unstable thyroid disease, etc Inclusion/ has been intentionally limited in order to maximize the generalizability of the study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Nicotine Dependence Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) derived DSM-IV diagnoses of Bipolar Disorder (Type I or II), and Nicotine Dependence Young Mania Rating Scale Total Score <12 at study entry HAM-D 17-Item Score >5 and <24 at study entry Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score of 5 or higher Be able to provide informed consent to participate in this study as judged by clinical evaluation, and scoring at least 80% on a post-consent "test" Smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day (confirmed by an expired breath CO level >10 ppm and a plasma cotinine level >150 ng/ml at baseline) Be motivated to quit smoking within 30 days of initial evaluation, as assessed by a score of 7 or higher on the Contemplation Ladder assessment tool On a stable dose of a mood stabilizer for at least 1 month (e.g. lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotic) Judged by the study psychiatrists and/or trained psychiatric clinicians to be in remission from active manic, hypomanic, major depressive and psychotic symptoms based on a clinical interview and SCID-IV ≥1 month prior to study enrollment  Meet for current abuse or dependence for any other alcohol or illicit substance within the past 3 months of study enrollment Current evidence by SCID-IV and clinical evaluation of suicidality, homicidality or psychosis Meet DSM-IV for current major depression at the time of baseline evaluation A history of hypersensitivity or other known adverse reactions (e.g. hyperstimulation, severe agitation) to varenicline Serious medical conditions (i.e. a history of severe cardiac, renal or hepatic disease, diabetes mellitus or thyroid abnormalities) EKG abnormalities Prescription of Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs) including patches, gum, lozenges or inhalers Prescription of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO-I's) including selegiline or moclobemide Prescription of varenicline Prescription of bupropion SR


eligible ages (years): 18.0-40.0,  All  Weight Gain non-smoking, adults < 16 weeks gestation  medical comorbidities


eligible ages (years): 19.0-65.0,  All  Major Depressive Disorder Suicidality 19-65 years of age Diagnosis of major depressive disorder Currently experiencing suicidal thoughts  Depressed patients without suicidality Patients with severe psychotic features or with primary diagnoses of bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, substance abuse/dependence or generalized anxiety Subjects who have taken lithium or an antipsychotic in the last 2 weeks pregnant women


eligible ages (years): 18.0-50.0,  All  Sleep Memory to 50 years of age no sleep complaints or problems good sleep quality per questionnaire sufficient time in bed each night  any clinically significant unstable medical condition recent psychiatric disorder prior diagnosis or symptoms of a sleep disorder recent history of substance abuse recent use of prescription hypnotic medication or over-the-counter sleep aid recent use of psychotropic medication history of adverse reaction to benzodiazepines body mass index > 36 currently pregnant or nursing currently working rotating or night shift


eligible ages (years): 7.0-17.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Participants aged 7 years to 17 years, 11 months old at time of first dose Participants must meet DSM-IV diagnostic as assessed by a semi-structured assessment (KSADS-PL) and a separate clinical interview with a child/adolescent psychiatrist for manic or mixed episodes in bipolar I disorder Score of > 20 on the YMRS at screening and baseline The participant and legal guardian must understand the nature of the study and be able to comply with protocol requirements. The legal guardian must give written informed consent and the youth, written assent Participants with comorbid conditions [attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder], except those listed in Criterion 2, may participate If female: is premenarchal, or is incapable of pregnancy because of a hysterectomy, tubal ligation, or spousal/partner sterility. If sexually active and capable of pregnancy, has been using an acceptable method of contraception (hormonal contraceptives, intrauterine device, spermicide and barrier) for at least one month prior to study entry and agrees to continue to use one of these for the duration of the study. If sexually abstinent and capable of pregnancy, agrees to continued abstinence or to use of an acceptable method of birth control should sexual activity commence Has a negative quantitative serum ß-human chorionic gonadotrophin hormone pregnancy test at screening and a negative qualitative urine pregnancy test at baseline, if female Participants with a history of substance abuse may participate if they agree to continue to abstain from drugs during the trial and have a negative drug screen at screening or prior to baseline. Those with an initial positive drug screen during screening may have another screen done 1-3 weeks later while in screening, and a negative result will allow the participant to participate The participant is willing and clinically able to wash out of medications during the screening period. Prior to the administration of lithium, participants will have not used any of the following medications: antipsychotics, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, antidepressants within the preceding 2 weeks; stimulants within the preceding week; or fluoxetine or depot antipsychotics in the past month (no stable participants will be asked to discontinue medications) ECG and bloodwork including CBC, electrolytes, etc. (as per Safety assessment procedures listed in Table 6) showing no clinically significant abnormalities  Participant who is clinically stable on current medication regimen for bipolar disorder A current or lifetime diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder, a Pervasive Developmental Disorder (ASQ score > 15), Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Current DSM-IV diagnosis of Substance Dependence Positive drug screen at screening and on retest 1-3 weeks later Participants with symptoms of mania that may be attributable to a general medical condition, or secondary to use of medications (e.g., corticosteroids) Evidence of any serious, unstable neurological illness for which treatment under the auspices of this study would be contraindicated Any serious, unstable medical illness or clinically significant abnormal laboratory assessments that would adversely impact the scientific interpretability or unduly increase the risks of the protocol Current general medical condition including neurological disease, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, or renal dysfunction that might be affected adversely by lithium, could influence the efficacy or safety of lithium, or would complicate interpretation of study results Evidence of current serious homicidal/suicidal ideation such that in the treating physician's opinion it would not be appropriately safe for the participant to participate in this study Evidence of current active hallucinations and delusions such that in the treating physician's opinion it would not be appropriately safe for the participant to participate in this study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Panic Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder Subjects must at least age of 18 years of age and not older than 65 Subjects must have lifetime bipolar I, II, or NOS disorder as defined by DSM-IV TR (26) Subjects must have lifetime panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as defined by DSM-IV (except clause "does not occur exclusively during a mood disorder" of Criterion F for GAD) Subjects' bipolar symptoms must be no more than moderate in severity, defined as a CGI-BP< 4 (27) Subjects' anxiety symptoms must be at least moderate in severity, defined as a CGI-S > 4 (28) Subjects must not be receiving regular mood stabilizing, antidepressant, antipsychotic, or anxiolytic medication for at least one week prior to baseline. Patients receiving fluoxetine or depot antipsychotics should be off these medications for at least four weeks prior to baseline Subjects or their legally authorized representative must sign the Informed Consent Document after the nature of the trial has been fully explained If female, subjects must be: postmenopausal, surgically incapable of childbearing, or practicing medically acceptable effective method(s) of contraception (e.g., hormonal methods, barrier methods, intrauterine device) for at least one month prior to study entry and throughout the study  Subjects who do not have lifetime bipolar disorder by DSM-IV-TR (26) Subjects who do not have lifetime panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder by DSM-IV-TR (26) Subjects who are receiving treatment with an anti-manic or mood stabilizing medication (lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, or an antipsychotic), and in the investigators' judgment, require ongoing treatment with that medication Subjects whose bipolar symptoms are presently more than moderately severe (CGI-BP > 5) (27) Subjects whose anxiety symptoms are presently less than moderately severe (CGI-S < 3) (28) Subjects with clinically significant suicidal or homicidal ideation Subjects with a current DSM-IV TR Axis I diagnosis of delirium, dementia, amnesia, or other cognitive disorders; a DSM-IV TR diagnosis of a substance dependence disorder within the past six months; a lifetime DSM-IV TR psychotic disorder (e.g., schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) Subjects with serious general medical illnesses including hepatic, renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, or hematological disease as determined by the clinical judgment of the clinical investigator. Subjects with hypo or hyperthyroidism unless stabilized on thyroid replacement > 3 months Subjects with a clinically significant abnormality in their pre-study physical exam, vital signs, EKG, or laboratory tests


eligible ages (years): 18.0-64.0,  All  Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Primary Insomnia Diagnosis of primary insomnia based on DSM-IV (307.42) Written informed consent has been obtained  Patients with sleep apnea syndrome, narcolepsy, presence or suspicion of periodic leg movement or restless leg syndrome Patients with hepatic failure, myasthenia gravis, or hypersensitivity to zolpidem Patients who are known to be current drug or alcohol abuser or likely to concomitantly consume alcoholic beverages (more than 3 times/week) Patients who have received antihistamines or antipsychotics will not allow to discontinue the previous medication throughout the study Patients who are pregnant, lactating or intend to become pregnant during the study period Patients who have received antidepressants or anxiolytics will not allow to change the dose or discontinue the previous medication throughout the study Any clinically significant condition, which in the opinion of the investigator makes the patients unsuitable for the trial Participation in any clinical trial within 1 month prior to randomization


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Depression Anxiety Disorders Clinical diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder or more on MADRS-S  Severe depression (more than 35 on MADRS-S or based on interview) Severe psychiatric condition (e.g. psychosis or bipolar disorder) Changed medication during the last three months


eligible ages (years): 11.0-17.0,  All  Eating Disorder Male or female between 11 and 17 (less than 18) at beginning of trial Based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), patient fulfills for diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa (of which there are two types: restricting or binge-eating/purging) or Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, with a weight of less than or equal to 85% of his or her ideal body weight, as can best be determined at the time of assessment Treated by physician on the eating disorder team at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO)  Currently receiving treatment with any other antipsychotic medication, mood stabiliser, or stimulant Known diagnosis of: diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, hepatic dysfunction, substance dependence, narrow angle glaucoma, paralytic ileus, or pancreatitis, or any other medical illness that would be considered to significantly impact treatment or recovery from the eating disorder Any uncontrolled comorbid disease affecting any system including infectious, endocrine, renal, gastroenterologic, respiratory, cardiac, immunologic, or hematologic. Potential participants with controlled comorbidities in these areas may be invited to participate at the discretion of the primary investigator Experienced one or more seizures without clear and resolved etiology Inability to comply with trial requirements including lack of comprehension of English Pregnant or breast-feeding High blood pressure Known allergy or known sensitivity to products in olanzapine Other unspecified reasons that, in the opinion of the investigator, amke the patient unsuitable for enrollment Officially declared incapable of consenting to treatment under the Mental Health Act (Note: If a patient is involuntarily hospitalized, he or she can be invited to participate provided that he or she has not officially been deemed incapable of making treatment decision under the Mental Health Act)


eligible ages (years): 30.0-65.0,  All  Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis of a progressive subtype of multiple sclerosis by revised 2005 McDonald Criteria EDSS of 3.0-6.5 Ages 30-65 Must be mentally capable of providing informed consent and following study guidelines  Relapse or steroid treatment within 1 month of trial entry Any current or previous treatment with mitoxantrone, azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, or any experimental therapy Women who are pregnant, wishing to become pregnant in the coming 30 months, or are breastfeeding Sexually active women unwilling to use reliable contraception (oral contraceptives, condom, IUD) Patients with known kidney dysfunction or creatinine >1.4; known cardiac arrhythmia or significant conduction abnormality on EKG; uncontrolled thyroid disease or TSH >20% above the upper limit of normal; uncontrolled psoriasis, HIV, or any other severe medical condition Patients with a history of unstable psychiatric illness or active severe depression Patients with a history of seizure Concurrent use of any of the following medications: Antipsychotics, diuretics, digoxin, or iodide salts Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 5 or more days a week Patients with a history of substance abuse in the past year


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Medication Adherence Bipolar Disorder Diagnosis of Type I or II BD for at least 6 months (confirmed with MINI) On maintenance evidence-based treatment for BD (lithium, antipsychotic, anticonvulsant) Have weight gain concerns that individual believes are related to BD medication treatment Sub-optimal adherence as measured by the Tablet Routines Questionnaire (TRQ) and which the patient feels is related to weight gain concerns. TRQ threshold will be defined as missing an average of 20% or more of all prescribed BD treatment in the last week or month or missing 20% or more of the "offending agent" in the last week or last month. This is consistent with methodologies in PIs previous BD adherence studies  Known resistance or intolerance to ziprasidone Medical contraindication to ziprasidone Individuals on ziprasidone immediately prior to study enrollment Prior or current treatment with clozapine Diagnosis of eating disorder Individuals whose sub-optimal adherence is related to inability to pay for BD medication treatment or inability to arrange transportation to BD treatment clinical visits Concurrent medical condition or psychiatric illness, which in the opinion of the research psychiatrist, would interfere with the patient's ability to participate in the trial Current substance dependence High risk of harm to self or others Female who is currently pregnant or breastfeeding


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Depression With Prominent Agitation Male or female Age 18 to 65 Outpatient at enrolment A diagnosis of major depressive disorder Baseline HAMD-17 score > 20 and HAMD Item1 score > 2 both at enrolment and baseline Significant agitation CGI-S score > 4 at screening and baseline Negative serum pregnancy test at enrolment and use of a reliable method of birth control during the study Able to understand and comply with the requirements of the study Able and willing to give meaningful informed written consent  Another Axis I diagnosis of primary focus within 6 months of enrolment Axis II disorder causing impact on current diagnosis Current depressive episode <4 weeks, or >12 months Substance or alcohol abuse or dependency as defined by DSM IV within 6 months of enrolment Any pervasive developmental disorder or dementing disorder Treatment with other antipsychotics, mood stabilizer or other psychoactive drugs less than 7 days prior to randomization Treatment with fluoxetine less than 28 days prior to baseline Treatment with MAO inhibitors, anxiolytic drugs in excess of 2 mg lorazepam equivalents/day Insufficient response to more than two antidepressants during the index episode prior to study involvement Known lack of antidepressant response to quetiapine at a dose of at least 50 mg/day x 4 weeks


eligible ages (years): 18.0-40.0,  All  Bipolar Affective Disorders Cyclothymic Disorder Schizoaffective Disorder Major Depressive Disorder Dysthymic Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Panic Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder 40 year old female women currently taking Lithium or Sertraline  currently pregnant or breastfeeding concurrent use of any form of hormonal birth control, including oral contraceptive pills, Norplant or Depo-provera hepatic or renal disease irregular menstrual cycles


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Fathers Parenting High-risk Child Maltreatment Prevention Male Guardian Child enrolled in partnering Head Start site  Mental Health issues that prohibit involvement in group-based prevention study (e.g., psychosis)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Major Depressive Disorder men or women age of 18 years or older meet for major depressive episode, and have a family history of bipolar disorder or completed suicide  subjects not able to give informed consent pregnant or breast-feeding women current panic disorder, post traumatic stress disorder or psychosis subjects with a history of mania or hypomania subjects with active substance abuse or dependence in the last 6 months current depressive episode less than 4 weeks or greater than 12 months in duration adequate trial of lithium or paroxetine (lithium level ≥ 0.6mmols/l; paroxetine 20mgs ≥ 5 weeks) for this episode of depression concurrent use of other antidepressants or augmenting agents for the treatment of depression clinically significant medical illness, in particular renal impairment


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Patients with bipolar disorder Patients treated with lamotrigine tablets for the first time


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Spinal Cord Injury either gender and 18-65 years old acute or subacute traumatic spinal cord injury (defined as SCI resulting from an exteneral non-penetrating cause that occurred within 4 weeks) neurological status of ASIA A neurological level between C5-T11 MRI shows injury site is within 3 vertebral level and necrotic focus, if exist, is less than 1/3 of the spinal cord diameter professional judgment determinate that subjects need a spinal decompression surgery subjects able to complete neurological examination subjects have voluntarily signed and dated an informed consent form  penetration SCI such as gun-shoot, knife-cutting or SCI caused by non-traumatic conditions spinal cord lesion exceeds three segments or necrotic focus with diameter larger than 1/3 of the spinal cord severe complications significant medical diseases or infection pregnant or lactating woman, or female of childbearing potential and who is unwilling to use an effective contraceptive method while enrolled in the study unavailability of suitable umbilical cord blood cells contraindication of lithium carbonate and/or spinal decompression surgery subject is currently participating in another study or has been taking any investigational drug within the last 4 weeks prior to screening investigator suggests that the subject would not be suitable to participate this study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Schizophrenia Diagnosis (DSM-IV) of schizophrenia or functional psychosis including schizophreniform and acute psychosis with schizophrenia symptoms Receiving olanzapine treatment for no more than 3 months The dose of olanzapine is stable for at least 2 weeks prior to randomisation (Visit 2) and subject is willing to maintain a stable dose of olanzapine for the duration of the study Evidence of weight gain in the last 3 months attributable to olanzapine, prior to screening (Visit 1). Wherever possible, investigator must other possible causes of weight gain, such as change in exercise, diet, or other illnesses Each subject must have further weight gain attributable to olanzapine, in the baseline period (between Visits 1 and 2) no more than 5 months subsequent to commencement of olanzapine treatment Willing to maintain a stable dose of any concomitant medications, and have been on a stable dose for a minimum of 6 weeks (with the exception of olanzapine) No changes in diet or exercise for 6 weeks prior to screening (Visit 1) and subject agrees to maintain stability, for the duration of the study (in the opinion of the investigator)  Subject has Axis I (DSM-IV) diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder Subject has drug induced or toxic psychosis (in the opinion of the investigator) Subject presents with a clinical picture and/ or history that is consistent with delirium, dementia, amnesia or other cognitive disorder; bipolar disorder or major depression Subject has a significant history of anxiety, suicidal ideation or self-harm based on history or routine psychiatric status examination (in the opinion of the investigator) Subject has an unstable thyroid pathology (including hypo or hyperthyroidism), within the past six months (in the opinion of the investigator) Subject has a history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome Subject requires or has had electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment in the 2 month period prior to randomisation (Visit 2) Subject has a clinical diagnosis of diabetes Subject is taking insulin (i.e. they are insulin dependent) or have had insulin within 6 months prior to the screening visit (Visit 1) Any known or suspected history of (in the opinion of the investigator)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Able to provide informed consent before beginning any study-specific procedures Male and female patients at least 18 years of age Meets Diagnostic and Statistical Manual -IV for BPI, BP II, or National Comorbidity Survey-R for sub-threshold BP with or without symptoms, in need of medication adjustment(s) Willing to be randomized to either Lithium or Quetiapine If a sexually active female of childbearing potential, be using a reliable method of contraception, such as oral contraceptive or long-term injectable or implantable hormonal contraceptive, double-barrier methods (e.g. condom and diaphragm, condom and foam, condom and sponge), intrauterine devices, and tubal ligation Women with reproductive potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test  Unwilling to comply with study requirements Patients who have had severe adverse reaction to Lithium or Quetiapine Patients who require inpatient care Drug/alcohol dependence requiring immediate acute detoxification Pregnancy as determined by serum pregnancy test or breastfeeding History of nonresponse to Lithium at doses >900 mg ≥8 wks or to Quetiapine at doses of at least 300 mg/d ≥ 8 week for depression and at least 400-600 mg/d ≥ 4 wks for mania


eligible ages (years): 60.0-999.0,  All  Sleep Duration on the First Night After Surgery Total hip or knee replacement in fast-track setup Age 60 years or above ASA class 1-3  Anesthesia within the pas 30 days Daily use of alcohol > 21 units / week Use of anxiolytics or hypnotics within the past 30 days Inability to read and understand Danish Marked reduction of sight or hearing Parkinson's disease or other neurological disaese causing function deficits Inability to cooperate to sleep monitoring allergy to the drug tested


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Insomnia Depression Suicidal Ideation Persons 18-65 years of age Persons with confirmed DSM-IV diagnosis of MDE by SCID Persons with Research Diagnostic diagnosis of insomnia Persons free of all psychotropic medications for one week before baseline assessment, except that prior FLX treatment will require 4 weeks of abstinence, and MAOIs will require 2 weeks of abstinence Persons with Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) scores >3 but <15 OR SSI >15 and C-SSRS Suicidal Ideation Score <3 Persons with Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD24) score >20 Persons with Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) score >24 Persons with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score > 7 Persons with habitual sleep latency > or = 30 minutes or wake time in the middle of the night of > or = 30 minutes, and sleep efficiency < 85%  Non-English speaking, reading, writing persons Persons who pose imminent danger to self or others Persons with severe Severe suicidal ideation (SSI > 15 AND C-SSRS Suicidal Ideation Score >4) Persons with clinical diagnosis of dementia Persons with active or past diagnosis of alcohol or substance abuse, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia per the SCID Persons who screen positive for moderate-severe sleep apnea (AHI >10) or a prior sleep laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of a primary sleep disorder, such as sleep apnea or periodic limb movement disorder Persons with excessive daytime sleepiness, defined as an Epworth Sleepiness Scale Score >10 Persons with BMI > 50 Persons with a self-reported history of napping > 2 times per week (as these are associated with sleep apnea and periodic limb movement disorder in depressed insomniacs) Persons who might be harmed by exposure to hypnotics, including pregnant women and patients with respiratory conditions


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Insomnia Fulfilling for SCID-1-verified bipolar I or II disorder Euthymic, as defined by Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) not higher than eleven, and Young Mania Rating scale (YMRS) not higher than five Fulfilling DSM-IV for primary insomnia or insomnia related to another mental disorder, as assessed by the Insomnia Interview Schedule (IIS)  Being or having been in a defined affective episode the last month before Hospitalization in the last two months before Working night shifts Sleep apnea Medical conditions incompatible with participation Inability to cooperate in the 3-week initial phase before randomization


eligible ages (years): 0.5-85.0,  All  Influenza For adults and old people Healthy adults aged 18-60 years old, and healthy old people aged >60 years Be able to show legal identity card for the sake of recruitment Without vaccination history of seasonal split influenza vaccine in the recent 3 years Not participate in any other clinical trials during the study Not receive any immunosuppressive agents during and one month prior to the study Be able to understand and sign the informed consent  Woman： Who breast-feeding or planning to become pregnant during the study Any history of allergic reactions; was allergic to any component of the vaccine, such as eggs or ovalbumin Any history of severe adverse reactions to vaccines, such as anaphylaxis, hives, respiratory difficulty, angioedema, or abdominal pain Autoimmune disease or immunodeficiency Acute episode of chronic diseases or conditions, including chronic hepatitis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases Guillain-Barre Syndrome Women subjects with positive urinary pregnancy test Any history of immunosuppressive medications or cytotoxic medications or inhaled corticosteroids within the past six months (with the exception of corticosteroid nasal spray for allergic rhinitis or topical corticosteroids for an acute uncomplicated dermatitis) Axillary temperature >37.0 centigrade at the time of dosing Psychiatric condition that precludes compliance with the protocol; past or present psychoses; past or present bipolar disorder requiring therapy that has not been well controlled on medication for the past two years; disorder requiring lithium; or suicidal ideation occurring within five years prior to enrollment


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Insomnia Hypersomnia Sleep Problems Men and women age 18-65 DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar I or II disorder HAM-D-17 score < 17 (i.e. low or no depressive symptoms) YMRS score < 8 (i.e. no or low manic symptoms) Optimized, stable maintenance pharmacotherapy at maximum tolerated dosages in accordance with the revised Texas Implementation of Medication Algorithm DSM-IV insomnia A and B are met (i.e. difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, for at least 1 month) as operationally defined by Insomnia Severity Index score of > 15 (moderate clinical insomnia) M1 derived average actigraphic total sleep time < 6 hours, and < 40% average total sleep time in high frequency coupling, as measured with the M1 device over 5 days pre-randomization, corresponding to < 1SD below the mean of the M1 normative comparison sample of healthy control participants  DSM-IV bipolar I disorder subtype rapid cycling DSM-IV manic or mixed episode in the past 2 months DSM-IV major depressive episode in the past 2 months Psychotropic medication not in accordance with the revised Texas Implementation of Medication Algorithm Pregnancy Medical illness or non-psychiatric medical treatment that is the likely cause of the sleep disturbance or interferes with study participation Neurologic disorder, previous ECT, or history of head trauma (i.e. known structural brain lesion) Current or past history of selected DSM-IV Axis I disorders other than bipolar disorder including: organic mental disorder, substance abuse within the past 12 months and/or history of substance abuse for > 1 year; past or current substance dependence (including alcohol), schizophrenia, delusional disorder, psychotic disorders not otherwise specified Axis I disorder that needs to be the primary focus of treatment (e.g. current DSM-IV anxiety disorder that disrupts sleep) Sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, or narcolepsy


eligible ages (years): 13.0-21.0,  All  Adolescent - Emotional Problem age 13 to 21 experience a moderately elevated level of depressive symptoms on the CES-D scale (score 16-34) may or may not have had a past history of depression, anxiety and/or substance abuse  currently diagnosed with depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar affective disorder  currently taking antidepressants or psychotropic medication  CES-D score equal or higher than 35, or a proved serious medical illness that causes significant disability or dysfunction  exhibit significant reading impairment, mental retardation, developmental disabilities serious imminent suicidal risk or other conditions that may require immediate psychiatric hospitalization have extreme, current drug / alcohol abuse (greater than or equal to 2 on the


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Age 18-65 written informed consent meets DSM-IV (by SCID-I/P) for bipolar I disorder, current episode depressed MADRS score of at least 20 (i.e., moderate depression) and no greater than 34 (i.e., severe depression) at screen and baseline visit YMRS score < 12 at screen and baseline visit currently treated with a lithium preparation (carbonate or citrate) at stable dose for at least 4 wks with level >0.6 and <1.0; and/or valproate at stable dose for at least 4 wks at level >60 and <110; and/or other atypical antipsychotic at stable dose for at least 4 weeks (at least minimum FDA-labeled dose) Caucasian by self-report please see discussion below  Psychotic features in the current episode, as assessed by YMRS item #8 > 6 [where treatment guidelines urge use of antipsychotics that may confound isradipine results] felt by the study clinician to require inpatient hospitalization for adequate management (to serious suicide or homicide risk, as assessed by evaluating clinician) or more failed pharmacologic interventions in the current major depressive episode, excluding lithium/valproate/other atypical antipsychotic [response rates for these subjects is likely to be extremely low and would require a substantially larger-scale study to identify treatment effects] obsessive-compulsive disorder, or any diagnosis of a DSM-IV anxiety disorder where the anxiety disorder and not bipolar disorder is the primary focus of clinical attention current substance use disorder other than nicotine, by SCID-I/P a primary clinical diagnosis of a personality disorder, or comorbid diagnosis of antisocial or borderline personality disorder pregnant women or women of child bearing potential who are not using a medically accepted means of contraception (to oral contraceptive or implant, condom, diaphragm, spermicide, intrauterine device, tubal ligation, or partner with vasectomy) women who are breastfeeding other unstable medical illness including cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, respiratory, endocrine, neurological, or hematological disease, based on review of medical history, physical examination, and screening laboratory tests (this will any clinical or laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism; if maintained on thyroid medication must be euthyroid for at least 1 month before Visit 1) history of hypertension or current treatment for hypertension


eligible ages (years): 17.0-40.0,  All  Primary Insomnia Secondary Insomnia primary insomnia secondary insomnia requiring sleep medication (Zolpidem) for a three-week trial active duty military service member stationed at Fort Carson  secondary insomnia to a likely medical condition, such as sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, restless leg syndrome, and other sleep disorders, which are not appropriately treatable with sleep medication treated for sleep problems using sleep medications which Lunesta, Ambien, Ambien Controlled Release (CR), Seroquel, Trazodone or Remeron major psychopathology (i.e., schizophrenia) severe depression within the past 90 days suicidal ideation within the past 90 days psychiatrically hospitalized within the past 90 days uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes pregnancy previous use of Zolpidem proved to be ineffective or to cause other unwanted side effects actively abusing controlled substances


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Neuropathic Pain Neuralgia Spinal Cord Injuries Age 18 Diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury Clinically diagnosed neuropathic pain Pain severity is at least 4 on a 11-point numeric rating scale at screening Pain present regularly for at least 6 weeks before enrollment Able to understand instructions and provide reliable pain assessments Subjects who are voluntarily signed and dated an Ethics Committee approved informed consent form  Significant renal, cardiovascular, hepatic, infectious or psychiatric disease Significant brain injury with neurological deficits Debilitation or dehydration Addison's disease Recent (within 1 week) or current use of anti-diuretics or other drugs that interacts with lithium, such as tricyclic antidepressants, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug and tetracyclines A history of substance or alcohol abuse within past 1 year A need for elective surgery involving preoperative or postoperative analgesics or anesthetics during the study period Current pregnant or breast feeding, or female who has childbearing potential but is not willing to use an approved method of birth control Participation in any drug study in the last three months History of oral lithium intake for any reason; or


eligible ages (years): 10.0-25.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder have at least one biological parent diagnosed as bipolar disorder (bipolar I or II) have at least one of the following syndromes i) two or more DSM-IV defined hypomania/mania symptoms, lasting for at least 4 days; ii) two or more DSM defined major depressive symptoms, lasting for 1 week; iii) at least one of the psychotic symptoms, lasting at least 10 min for each manifestation, and 2-7 manifestations a week for at least 3 months, including: ideas of reference; odd ideas, odd belief, unusual perceptual experiences, bizarre thought or speech, Grandiosity, suspicious ideas, paranoid idea, odd mannerisms, hallucination, disorganized/catatonic behavior; iv)two or more of the DSM-IV defined Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)symptoms; and there must be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning due to ADHD symptoms  DSM-IV defined Axis I disorders Serious general medical illness mental retardation was/is treated with antipsychotic drugs unable to complete neuropsychological tests due to physical conditions in pregnancy and lactation was taking thyroxine therapy in the last three months or is taking hormone therapy


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Anxiety Disorders Men and women age 18-65 DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar I disorder and at least one of three additional anxiety disorders generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or social phobia HAM-D-17 score <16 (i.e. depressive symptoms) YMRS score < 12 (i.e. no or very low manic symptoms) Current, stabilized (> 3 months) pharmacotherapy treatment under the care of a psychiatrist consisting of optimized, stable maintenance pharmacotherapy at maximum tolerated dosages according to Texas Implementation of Medication Algorithm  Active suicidality (HAM-D-17 suicide item #3 score > 3) in the past 2 months. Potential participants scoring 3 or higher on the HAM-D-17 suicide item will be immediately evaluated by the PI and Sponsor and referred to a higher level of care if clinically indicated DSM-IV bipolar I disorder subtype rapid cycling DSM-IV manic or mixed episode in the past 2 months DSM-IV major depressive episode in the past 2 months Psychotropic medication not in accordance with the revised Texas Implementation of Medication Algorithm Current Pregnancy Medical illness or non-psychiatric medical treatment that would likely interfere with study participation Neurologic disorder, previous ECT, or history of head trauma (i.e. known structural brain lesion) Current or past history of selected DSM-IV Axis I disorders other than bipolar disorder including: organic mental disorder, substance abuse within the past 12 months and/or history of substance abuse for > 1 year; current substance dependence (including alcohol), as assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR, Substance Use Disorders (Section E); schizophrenia, delusional disorder, psychotic disorders not otherwise specified, obsessive compulsive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder (due to low prevalence of ~6.5% each) Concurrent psychotherapy other than cognitive-behavioral therapy as provided in this study (to rule out other uncontrolled effects of concurrent psychotherapies)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, manic or mixed phase equal or more than 18 scores in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)  Serious general medical illness pregnancy and lactation given long-acting antipsychotic drug within the last two month endocrine disease( e.g.Diabetes and thyrotoxicosis) given thyroxine therapy within the last three months or is being given hormone therapy sexually active and not using contraceptives


eligible ages (years): 20.0-64.0,  All  Primary Insomnia Men or women aged between 20 and 64 years Diagnosis of primary insomnia according to defined by DSM-IV Difficulty in maintaining sleep and waking up until 3 am Not having used any psychoactive drug in the last 30 days prior to their in the study Signature of IC  Previous history of serious medical illness, neurological or psychiatric disorder Allergy or hypersensitivity to zolpidem Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome Polysomnography with apnea and hypopnea index >10/hour or PLM >15/h Other secondary sleep disorders History of substance abuse or dependence History of daily consumption of alcoholic beverages Pregnancy, lactation or refusal to use safe contraceptive methods during the study


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Depressive Disorder Bipolar Disorder Suicide Suicide, Attempted Must be a Veteran of the United States Armed Forces Survived an episode of suicidal self-directed violence (including suicide attempts and interrupted attempts) that occurred within three months of admission to the study, or they were admitted within the past three months to a mental health inpatient unit specifically to prevent suicide Have a diagnosis of an affective disorder meeting DSM-IV-TR (2000) for Bipolar I Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder, or current or recurrent Major Depressive Disorder Are able and willing to identify one or more family members, friends, or other contacts and give permission for both clinical providers and the Research Team to contact them if the patient cannot be reached Are able to provide informed consent There is concurrence from the patient's mental health and primary care providers about inclusion/  and confirmation of the providers' willingness to work with the research team in managing the patient during the course of the study Must be registered at a VA Medical Center Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder Cognitive impairment defined as a Brief Orientation Memory and Concentration Test score > 10 Lack of decision-making capacity to evaluate the risks versus the benefits of participation as determined by Jeste's brief instrument for assessing decisional capacity, or adjudication of incompetence and the appointment of a guardian or conservator Six or more previous lifetime suicide attempts as ascertained through SPAN, reports from family, or patient self-report Current or recent (within six months) use of lithium History of significant adverse effects of lithium as ascertained through the medical record or self-report Unstable medical conditions or specific medical comorbidity Congestive heart failure by Framingham


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Major Depressive Episode Suicidal Ideation Bipolar depression with current major depressive episode (MDE). Participants may be psychiatric medication-free, or if on psychiatric medication, not responding adequately given current MDE with suicidal ideation Moderate to severe suicidal ideation 65 years old Patients will only be enrolled if they agree to voluntary admission to an inpatient research unit at the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI) for infusion phase of treatment Pre-menopausal female participants of child-bearing potential must be willing to use an acceptable form of birth control during study participation such as condoms, diaphragm, oral contraceptive pills Able to provide informed consent Subjects 61-65 years old must score 25 or higher on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at screening  Unstable medical condition or neurological illness, including baseline hypertension (BP>140/90) or significant history of cardiovascular illness Significant ECG abnormality Pregnancy and/or lactation Current psychotic symptoms Contraindication to any study treatment Current or past ketamine abuse or dependence ever (lifetime); any other drug or alcohol dependence within past 6 months; suicidality only due to binge substance use or withdrawal Inadequate understanding of English Prior ineffective trial of or adverse reaction to ketamine or midazolam Opiate use greater than total daily dose of 20mg Oxycodone or equivalent during the 3 days pre-infusion Diagnosis of sleep apnea


eligible ages (years): 7.0-17.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Childhood-onset Bipolar Disorder 17 years old bipolar disorder type I preferred (at least 1 week of mania)  no implanted metal (no braces, no cochlear implants) can not have full Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 4th Edition (DSM-IV) autistic disorder no active drug/alcohol abuse/dependence


eligible ages (years): 12.0-18.0,  All  Dialectical Behavior Therapy + Pharmacotherapy Standard of Care Psychotherapy + Pharmacotherapy For the proposed study, are as follows: 1) age 12 years, 0 months to 18 years, 11 months; 2) a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (BP) I, II or NOS by the K-SADS-PL with an acute manic, mixed or depressive episode in the 3 months preceding study entry; 3) willing to engage in pharmacotherapy treatment at the CABS specialty clinic; 4) at least one parent or guardian with whom the patient lives or interacts on a significant basis (5 hours per week or more) who is willing to participate in DBT skills training; 5) English language fluency and at minimum a 3rd grade literacy level; 6) able and willing to give informed consent/assent to participate  For the proposed study are as follows: 1) evidence of mental retardation, pervasive developmental disorder, or organic central nervous system disorder by the K-SADS-PL, parent report, medical history, or school records; 2) a life-threatening medical condition requiring immediate treatment; 3) current victim of sexual or physical abuse


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Suicide Risk Assessment nurses who work in a variety of wards such as Hematology, Oncology, Stroke and Rehabilitation where potential cases with high suicide risk may be identified


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Suicidal Ideation/Behavior Depression Major depressive episode; inpatient at screening visit; suicidal ideation/behaviour present defined by a clinical rating of 8 on the Sheehan Suicidality Tracking Scale (S-STS) and a rating of ≥20 on the Montgomery Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) at both screening and baseline visits; both gender, age 18 years  Contraindication for and history of lithium treatment within the past 6 months; patient unable to tolerate lithium treatment in the past; comorbid borderline/antisocial personality disorder, currently active substance dependency; patients with acute or unstable severe medical conditions, patients unable to understand the informed consent or involuntary inpatients, positive toxicology screen (illegal drugs), pregnancy and lactation


eligible ages (years): 10.0-17.0,  All  Childhood Anxiety Parents With Bipolar Disorder Children at Risk for Bipolar Disorder 17 years old At least one parent with bipolar disorder Meets clinical for a specific anxiety disorder PARS -5 item scale score > 10 at screening and baseline of initial study phase Fluent in English Provision of written informed consent/assent Agrees to participate in 75% of sessions  Have any of the Following Documented diagnosis of mental retardation or IQ <70 Previous participation in mindfulness-based treatment Substance use disorder within last 3 months Judged clinically to be suicide risk Concurrent treatment with psychotropic medication (certain exceptions apply, ask for details) Psychotherapy initiated within 2 months prior to screening or plan to initiate psychotherapy during study participation Any lifetime diagnosis of bipolar disorder, cyclothymia, schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder Any symptom that requires admission to an inpatient psychiatric unit Anxiety symptoms resulting from acute medical illness or acute intoxication or withdrawal from drugs or alcohol


eligible ages (years): 2.0-9.0,  All  Parental/Caregiver Anxiety Child's Anxiety Pediatric patients ages 2-9 years ASA class I-II inpatient surgeries of at least 2 hours duration requiring postoperative admission of at least 23 hours  contraindication to preoperative sedation, known allergy or sensitivity to the study medications those who lack legal representative consent Patients with weights lying below the 5th percentile or above the 95th percentile according to the current published CDC growth chart will also be excluded regardless of existing specific contraindication


eligible ages (years): 18.0-60.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder The patient was correctly informed about the study The patient must be insured or beneficiary of a health insurance plan The diagnosis of bipolar disorder is confirmed by the doctor referring the patient to the BEC and confirmed during the preliminary interview at the BEC The patient is euthymic on the day of inclusion. This is supported by a short psychiatric interview conducted at the BEC and the completion of the depression and mania scales (score <= 7 on the HDRS questionnaire and score <= 7 on the YMRS questionnaire) The patient is prescribed a mood stabilizer based on lithium or divalproex  The patient is under judicial protection, under tutorship or curatorship The patient formalizes his/her opposition to the studyd It is impossible to correctly inform the patient The patient has mental retardation The patient has practiced substance abuse or dependence within the 6 months prior to study (alcool, cannabis, opiates, psychostimulants) The patient does not meet euthymic (score <= 7 on the HDRS questionnaire and score <= 7 on the YMRS questionnaire) Uninclusion The patients withdraws consent during the study The patient does not understand directions necessary for the neurpsychological tasks The patient is not able to use a computer to complete the neuropsychological tasks


eligible ages (years): 13.0-21.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Suicidal Ideation Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder I, Bipolar Disorder II, or Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified Living with or in close contact with at least one parent who is willing to participate Have had at least 1 week in the prior 3 months of significant suicidal ideation and/or at least one suicidal event in the 3 months prior to study intake Willing to be treated pharmacologically by a psychiatrist in the UCLA Child and Adolescent Mood Disorders (CHAMP) clinic  Participants requiring immediate hospitalization Diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, schizophrenia, or schizoaffective disorder Current substance dependence disorder


eligible ages (years): 18.0-69.0,  All  Insomnia age between 18 years to 69 years fluent in German language provide written informed consent ability to understand the explanations and instructions given by the study physician and the investigator  Sleep disorders caused by medical factors (e.g. sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, substance-induced insomnia) Contraindications to study medication intake according to the information sheet for health professionals (Summary of medicinal Product Characteristics, SmPC; Fachinformation in Germany) assessed by physical examination (including ECG) and medical history allergies to amitriptyline hydrochloride or any of its ingredients allergies to zolpidem or any of its ingredients acute intoxication with alcohol, analgetics, hypnotics or any other psychotropic drug urinary retention delirium untreated closed-angle glaucoma prostatic hyperplasia pyloric stenosis


eligible ages (years): 13.0-19.0,  All  Insomnia Depression Between 13-19 years of age Are depressed Have insomnia  Are not depressed Do not have insomnia Currently using a sleep aid Have bipolar depression Have psychotic disorder Have a sleep disorder other than insomnia


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Prostate Cancer Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent form Subjects with histologically confirmed local adenocarcinoma of the prostate who have elected to proceed with radical prostatectomy as primary curative therapy Subjects having no prior administration of lithium or lithium containing medications within 90 days of study enrollment Subjects >/= 18 years of age ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status of </= 1 Adequate renal function defined as GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) >/= 50 mL/min Use of adequate contraception ECG (Electrocardiogram) within normal limits Subjects must agree not to take any new vitamin supplements or herbal remedy during the study period Subjects must be able to safety take lithium carbonate for at least 4 weeks before scheduled prostatectomy  Subjects who have received any investigational medication within 30 days of first lithium dose Subjects currently receiving, or who have had previous hormonal, chemotherapy or radiotherapy for prostate cancer Subjects with known brain metastases History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to lithium carbonate Uncontrolled intercurrent illness such as ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements


eligible ages (years): 21.0-65.0,  All  Schizophrenia Metabolic Syndrome Vitamin D Deficiency • Men and women with a DSM-IV clinical diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective or Bipolar disorder to 65 years of age; male and female A willingness and ability to provide signed informed consent The subject should have been on quetiapine 100 mg or more for more than 12 weeks  Pregnant women Subjects considered at high suicide risk based on the MINI Suicidality Module (> 17 points) Unstable general medical condition or serious illness (e.g. death or hospitalization is anticipated within one year), poor kidney function or liver function (defined as laboratory values ≥ three times the upper limit of the normal), and seizure disorders except for childhood seizure disorders Concurrent therapy with certain psychotropics is permitted, provided that the medication and dose have been stable for the past 90 days Patients on concomitant treatment with clozapine and olanzapine are not permitted Patients on immunosuppressant medications or any orexigenic or anorexigenic drug Patients on concomitant treatment with amphetamines and/ or methylphenidate History of hypothyroidism or thyroxine therapy Patients with a known condition or undergoing therapeutic measures that affects weight, including but not limited to: eating disorder, type I diabetes, hyperthyroidism, thyroxine therapy, Topamax therapy, and infectious diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C Active supplementation of vitamin D within the last 3 months


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder major depressive episode in type2 bipolar disorder or bipolar disorder NOS.(MADRS more than 20 point) ears to 65years subjects who sign the informed consent document  don't have Diabetes and abnormal metabolism of sugar not noticed as bipolar disorder have an organic brain disease pregnant or breastfeeding women don't have heart disease have actively suicidal thought(Suicidal ideation score of MADRS is 6) who are judged by the investigator to should be excluded from the study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Suicidal Ideation Depression Meets DSM-IV for BD I and II current depressive episode Able to give written informed consent Age > to 18 years and < 65 years Currently suicidal as defined by a MADRS suicide item score of > 3 or previous history of serious suicidal ideation that required hospitalization All subjects need to have normal hearing and normal/corrected-to-normal vision  Medical illness or non-psychiatric medical treatment that would likely interfere with study participation Neurologic disorder, previous ECT, or history of head trauma (i.e. known structural brain lesion potentially confounding MRI results) Substance abuse within the past 3 months or current substance dependence (confirmed by MINI) Left-handedness Contraindications to MRI (metallic implants, claustrophobia, etc.) Subjects who need urgent psychiatric care requiring hospitalization (evaluated by clinicians)


eligible ages (years): 21.0-50.0,  All  Healthy Be in good general health as determined by the investigator Have a 3-month history of a normal nightly sleep pattern based on the subject's self report  A usual time in bed A regular bedtime between 2200 and 2400 hours No habitual daytime napping Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≤ 10 Be able to read, understand, and provide written/dated informed consent before enrolling in the study, and must be willing and able to comply with all study procedures Be able to follow verbal and written instructions provided in English  Have a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 Have symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of any sleep disorder (e.g., insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, periodic leg movements, or restless leg syndrome) On screening PSG AHI > 10 or PLMAI >10 Have a known or suspected diagnosis of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), or have tested seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody or antigen previously Have any clinically significant abnormal finding in physical examination, neurological assessment, vital signs, elevated body temperature, or clinical laboratory tests, as determined by the Investigator Have a known exaggerated pharmacological sensitivity, hypersensitivity, or history of a clinically significant adverse reaction to zolpidem Have a known or exaggerated pharmacological sensitivity, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to doxepin HCl, any tricyclic antidepressant, or antihistamine Currently taking cimetidine or a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) Current diagnosis of severe urinary retention Current diagnosis of untreated glaucoma


eligible ages (years): 18.0-45.0,  All  Diabetes Weight Gain Weight Loss Cardiovascular Disease Obesity Participants will be men of European (self-report of both parents of white European origin) or South Asian (self-report of both parents of Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi or Sri Lankan origin) with BMI <25 kg.m-2, who have been weight stable (± 2 kg) for >6 months  will diabetes (physician diagnosed or HbA1c ≥6.5% on screening), history of cardiovascular disease, regular participation in vigorous physical activity, current smoking, taking drugs or supplements thought to affect carbohydrate or lipid metabolism, or other significant illness that would prevent full participation in the study


eligible ages (years): 18.0-70.0,  All  Cirrhosis Age 18 to 70 years Clinical, Biochemical, Radiological ,Histological evidence of cirrhosis of all etiology Child A and B cirrhosis Cirrhosis patients giving h/o persistent sleep disturbances  Active alcohol intake or intake within 1 month of enrollment Active substance abuse or intake within 1 month of enrollment Known psychiatric and neurological disorders Patient using antidepressant, anticonvulsants, other hypnotics Pregnancy or lactation Overt hepatic encephalopathy Child C cirrhosis Acute decompensated state of CLD (Chronic Liver Disease) GastroIntestinal bleed, increased jaundice, HE (Hepatic Encepahlopahty) , SBP (Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis) HCC (HepatoCellular Carcinoma) with portal vein thrombosis


eligible ages (years): 18.0-55.0,  All  Bipolar Disorder Age 18 or older If Pregnant, equal to or less than 26 weeks English-speaking DSM-IV Bipolar Disorder, any subtype, Major Depressive Disorder, or Mood Disorder Not Otherwise Specified Able to provide informed consent Daily dosing of lithium  Active substance abuse within last 6 months and/or positive urine drug screen Active suicidality No obstetrical care Use of other drugs that affect metabolism of lithium Medications in FDA categories F or X that are not antimanic drugs Chronic Kidney Disease


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Anxiety Depression Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar II Disorder Age 18 or older Experiencing mood disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety, bipolar) defined as a visit with a specified DSM-V code (295.7 Schizoaffective Disorder (Depressive type), 295.7 Schizoaffective Disorder (Bipolar type), 296.41 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode manic Mild, 296.42 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode manic mod, 296.43 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode manic sev, 296.44 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode manic w psychotic, 296.45 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode manic in partial remission, 296.46 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode manic in full remission, 296.40 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode unspecified, 296.40 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode hypomanic, 296.45 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode hypomanic in partial remission, 296.46 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode hypomanic in full remission, 296.40 Bipolar I Current or most recent episode hypomanic unspecified, 296.51Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed mild, 296.52 Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed mod, 296.53 Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed sev, 296.54 Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed w psychotic, 296.55 Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed in partial remission, 296.56 Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed in full remission, 296.50 Bipolar 1 Current or most recent episode depressed unspecified, 296.7 Bipolar 1 current or most recent episode unspecified, 296.89 Bipolar II, 301.13 Cyclothymic, 296.83 Bipolar due to Medical Condition, 296.89 Other Specified Bipolar, 296.80 Unspecified Bipolar, 296.99 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation disorder, 296.21 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode Mild, 296.22 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode mod, 296.23 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode sev, 296.24 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode w psychotic, 296.25 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode in partial remission, 296.26 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode in full remission, 296.20 Major Depressive Disorder Single Episode unspecified, 296.31 Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent Episode mild, 296.32 Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent Episode moderate, 296.33 Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent Episode severe, 296.34 Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent Episode w psychotic, 296.35 Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent Episode in partial remission, 296.36 Major Depressive Disorder Recurrent Episode in full remission, 296.30 unspecified, 300.4 Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia), 625.4 Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, 293.83 Depressive Disorder due to another medical condition, 311 Other specified depressive disorder, 311 Unspecified Depressive disorder, 309.21 Separation anxiety disorder, 300.29 Specific Phobia, 300.23 Social anxiety do, 300.01 Panic Disorder, 300.22 Agoraphobia, 300.02 GAD, 293.84 Anxiety do due to another med condition, 300.09 other specified anxiety do, 300.00 Uspecified Anxiety do, 309.0 Adjustment do with depressed mood, 309.24 Adjustment do with anxiety, 309.28 Adjustment do with mixed, 309.4 Adjustment do with w disturbance of emotions and conduct, 309.9 Adjustment do unspecified, 300.7 Illness anxiety disorder, 293.83 Mood do NOS, 296.9 Mood do unspecified, 291.89 alcohol inducted mood do, 292.84 amphetamine inducted mood do 292.84 cocaine inducted mood do, unspecified inducted mood do, 296.66 episodic mood dis unspecified, 296.64 Severe mixed bipolar do) Possessing a smartphone with either an Android or iOS platform Able to read and write in English Have a designated primary behavioral health care provider who is either using the app with their patients (intervention) or is issuing the surveys on paper in their clinic (control)


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Agitation Male and female patients between the ages of 18-65 years, inclusive Patients (or legal representative) willing and able to provide written Informed Consent Form Psychiatric patients already diagnosed of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V or International Code of Disease criteria Patients with an on-going agitation episode, or with a previous one within the 6 months prior to screening, attended and managed in the hospital setting Previously treated with with a positive outcome (responders) according to (CGI-I) scale (defined as having a CGI-I score of 1 or 2 at 2 hours after administration of the inhalation) Patients free of active respiratory disease such as acute respiratory signs/symptoms (e.g., wheezing) or with active airways disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema) Requirement of family or other caregiver support at study investigator (defined as a patient's relative or caregiver (male or female) ≤ 80 year old, who spend ≥ 3 consecutive hours with patient, with good physical and psychological health status and without physical limitations, reading and writing educational level and able to understand and follow the study procedures) Availability of patient's medical records data about the previous treatment with at hospital setting  Patient diagnosed with dementia Patients with serious and unstable illnesses including current hepatic, renal, gastroenterologic, respiratory, cardiovascular (including ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure), endocrinologic, neurologic (including stroke, transient ischemic attack, subarachnoidal bleeding, brain tumor, encephalopathy, and meningitis) Patients with a history of allergic reactions to loxapine or amoxapine Patients who have received an investigational drug within 30 days prior to the current agitation episode must be excluded Patients who are considered by the investigator, for any reason, to be unable to self-administer the inhalation device


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Insomnia Bipolar Disorder Adult outpatients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) for bipolar I disorder (296.70), bipolar II disorder (296.89), or bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (296.80), with concurrent insomnia related to bipolar disorder (307.42) Currently taking ≥ 1 prescription psychotropic medication (hypnotic agents, anxiolytics, atypical antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and/or antidepressants) for management of bipolar disorder Subjective total sleep time (sTST) < 6 hours on ≥ 1 night during the prior week  Current hypo/manic symptoms, as evidenced by YMRS total score ≥ 12 Current (past 6 months) alcohol or substance use disorder Current psychosis Patients who are actively suicidal or evaluated as being a high suicide risk Women who are currently pregnant or breastfeeding Clinically significant abnormalities on baseline laboratory tests (comprehensive metabolic panel, fasting lipid panel, CBC with differential, thyroid stimulating hormone) Presence of any unstable and/or potentially confounding neurological and/or medical disorder


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Major Depressive Disorder Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar II Disorder Bipolar Depression Suicidal Ideation Provision of written informed consent [MDD stream only] Diagnosis of major depressive disorder, currently depressed as determined by DSM-IV diagnostic (confirmed using the MINI) [BD stream only] Diagnosis of bipolar disorder, type I or type II, currently depressed as determined by DSM-IV diagnostic (confirmed using the MINI) Both females and males, aged 18 to 65 years Inpatient status Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative urine human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test at enrolment and must be taking or willing to take some acceptable form of birth control during the course of the study if they are or plan to be sexually active The ability to understand and comply with the requirements of the study and capable of providing informed consent Suffering from suicidal ideation/attempts as evidenced by a score of >0 on either of the SSI or CSSRS or both  Current or past psychotic symptoms Substance or alcohol dependence at enrollment (except dependence in full remission, and except for caffeine or nicotine dependence), as defined by DSM-IV Opiates, amphetamine, barbiturate, cocaine, cannabis, or hallucinogen abuse by DSM-IV within 4 weeks prior to enrollment Any pervasive developmental disorder (according to DSM-IV criteria) Diagnosis of dementia (according to DSM-IV criteria) Known intolerance or hypersensitivity to ketamine or midazolam as judged by the investigator Significant medical condition that would contraindicate the use of ketamine, midazolam or that is untreated and would need urgent attention (as determined by treating physician) Medical conditions that would significantly affect absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of ketamine or midazolam Unstable or inadequately treated medical illness (e.g. congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, hypertension) as judged by the investigator Any clinically significant deviation from the reference range in clinical laboratory test results as judged by the investigator


eligible ages (years): 18.0-64.0,  All  Depression Alcoholism Drug Abuse African American English speaking Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (BD) Able to provide written informed consent  Cognitive impairments Acutely psychotic Medically unstable History of schizophrenia spectrum disorder History of mood incongruent psychotic symptoms History of primary substance disorder History of primary organic disease and/or dementia


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Healthy Volunteers Male or female study participants, aged above 18 years-old; women cannot be pregnant or breastfeeding Body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 19 and less than or equal to 28.75 Kg/m2 Good health conditions or without significant diseases, according to best medical judgement, according to protocol requirements and study evaluations: medical history, blood pressure and heart rate measurements, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG) and complementary laboratory tests Ability to understand the nature and objectives of the trial, including risks and adverse events; willingness to cooperate with the researcher and proceed according to all study requirements, which shall be confirmed by Informed Consent Form signature  Known hypersensitivity to the investigational product (Zolpidem) or chemically related compounds; history of serious adverse reactions or hypersensitivity to any drug History or presence of hepatic or gastrointestinal diseases, or other condition that interferes with drug absorption, distribution, excretion or metabolism Chronic therapy with any drugs, except oral contraceptives History of hepatic, kidney, lungs, gastrointestinal, epileptic, hematologic or psychiatric disease; hypotension or hypertension, of any etiology, that requires pharmacological treatment; history of myocardial infarction, angina and/or heart failure Electrocardiographic findings that, at investigator are not recommended for study participation Deviations on screening laboratory results that are considered as clinically relevant by the researcher Smoking Intake of more that 5 cups of coffee or tea per day Unusual food habits, e.g., vegetarians History of drugs and alcohol addiction or excessive alcohol consumption (> 35 g/day)


A 62-year-old man sees a neurologist for progressive memory loss and jerking movements of the lower extremities. Neurologic examination confirms severe cognitive deficits and memory dysfunction. An electroencephalogram shows generalized periodic sharp waves. Neuroimaging studies show moderately advanced cerebral atrophy. A cortical biopsy shows diffuse vacuolar changes of the gray matter with reactive astrocytosis but no inflammatory infiltration.

eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  HIV Infections You may be eligible for this study if you Are HIV-positive Are at least 18 years old Have symptoms of AIDS dementia including forgetfulness, loss of concentration, slow mental processing, or a loss of muscle control Have been on stable anti-HIV drug therapy for the past 6 weeks (if you are taking anti-HIV drugs)  You will not be eligible for this study if you Have certain serious medical conditions, such as a mental disorder or an opportunistic (AIDS-related) infection


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Spinal Muscular Atrophy Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Spinobulbar Muscular Atrophy ENTRY --Disease Characteristics-- Men aged 18 and over with motor neuron disease, i.e X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease) Confirmed by androgen receptor, exon-1 mutation genotype Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Spinal muscular atrophy Significant muscle weakness on manual muscle testing No prisoners No mental disability


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Dystonia Healthy Healthy volunteers who consented to participate in the study and matched for age, sex, handedness with the group of patients with primary focal hand dystonia Patient with primary focal dystonia from our dystonia patient database who consented to participate in the study. This criterion will be established by the preliminary screening in the Human Motor Control Outpatient Clinic  The following subjects will be excluded Healthy volunteers with cognitive complaints, abnormal neurological exam or history of past neurological disease Dystonia patients with the presence of a second neurological disease or condition; abnormal neurological findings on exam that are not related to primary focal dystonia Subjects with past or present neuropsychiatric illness, head trauma with loss of consciousness, epilepsy, cerebro-vascular disease, migraine, past and present history of alcohol abuse, medical conditions that may alter cerebral structure Subjects with abnormal MRI findings at visual inspection (prominent normal variants such as mega cisterna or cavum septum pellucidum, signs of severe cortical or subcortical atrophy, brain tumors, vascular diseases, trauma or AVMs) Subjects with any metallic objects within them just prior to MR imaging (cardiac or neural pacemaker, aneurysm clips [metal clips on the wall of a large artery], metallic prostheses [including heart valves and cochlear implants] or shrapnel fragments. Welders and metal workers are also at risk for injury and may not take part in the study because of possible small metal fragments in the eye of which they may be unaware Subjects not capable of giving an informed consent Women who are pregnant Children


eligible ages (years): 21.0-999.0,  All  Parkinson Disease We will only PD patients with a stable clinical response to L-DOPA and DAergic agents We will only recruit patients with early or mild-to-moderate PD (score on Hoehn & Yahr scale 148 less than 3) To obtain a homogeneous group, the PD cohort will comprise only non-demented, non-depressed, with parkinsonian symptoms and signs primarily akineto-rigid If resting tremor is present, only patients with mild or moderate tremor (UPDRS tremor ratings 1 or 2 in the right upper limb) will be included in the study Our group of healthy volunteers will the following age range: 21-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, 51-60 years, 61-70 years, and 70 years and over Research subjects may be male or female and they must be right-handed Pregnant women will not participate in the study Research subjects will be asked to refrain from caffeine and nicotine for at least 12 hours and to abstain from alcohol at least 24 hours before the fMRI  Subjects belonging to one of the following groups will be excluded from the study Subjects with a familial history of PD Patients with a marked resting tremor (score at the UPDRS scale above 3 in the right upper limb) Patients with a score at Hoehn & Yahr scale equal or above 3 Patients with progressive neurological disorders other than PD Subjects with cognitive impairment (i.e., score on Mattis scale below 123/144) Subjects with significant mood disturbances (i.e., score on BDI scale above 10) Subjects with abnormal MRI findings at visual inspection (prominent normal variants such as mega cisterna or cavum septum pellucidum, signs of severe cortical or subcortical atrophy, brain tumors, vascular diseases, trauma or AVMs) Subjects with a history of significant medical disorders, or requiring chronic treatment with other drugs that cannot be stopped Subjects with prior exposure to neuroleptic agents or drug use


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Pick Disease of the Brain -Six patients referred to the Cognitive Neuroscience Section, NINDS, with a clinical diagnosis of FTD confirmed here, will be selected to participate in the study  Greater than 75 years of age Presence of metal in the head other than dental hardware Broken skin in the area of the stimulating electrodes Any behavioral disorder that makes testing impossible Children are excluded, as FTD is not a childhood illness


eligible ages (years): 12.0-999.0,  All  Prion Disease Aged 12 years or more, diagnosed with any type of human prion disease  In a coma, or in a pre-terminal phase of disease such that prolongation of the current quality of life would not be supported Known sensitivity to quinacrine Been taking any other putative anti-prion therapy for less than 8 weeks


eligible ages (years): 45.0-999.0,  All  Menopause Postmenopausal Vaginal Atrophy Postmenopausal women whose last menstruation was at least two years previously


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  B Cell Lymphoma • Patients with one of the following B-cell Lymphoma CD 20 positive : Mantle cell, Marginal zone, lymphocytic, follicular requiring treatment, Histological transformation from low grade to high grade, diffuse large cell without adverse prognostic factors defined by the international prognostic index (IPI) Aged from 18 to 80 years Untreated with chemotherapy except with Chlorambucil or Cyclophosphamide per os alone less than 6 months Previous radiotherapy except if localized Performance status < 3 Signed inform consent  Other type of lymphomas: Burkitt, T cell, CD 20 negative Central nervous system or meningeal involvement Contraindication to any drug contained in the chemotherapy regimen HIV disease, active hepatitis B or C Treatment with polychemotherapy before except with Chlorambucil or Cyclophosphamide per os less than 6 months Prior extended radiotherapy Any serious active disease or co-morbid medical condition (according to investigator's decision ) Renal deficiency (clearance < 30 ml/mn), liver deficiency (bilirubin > 30 mmol/l) unless related to lymphoma Neuropathy> grade 2 within 14 days before enrollment Platelets < 30.109/l within 14 days before enrollment


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Dementia Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis of dementia under the DSM-IV or of Mild Cognitive Impairment, using the Peterson Living in the community (home, apartment or collective housing with nursing care available for less than 40 hours per week) Patient able to provide written informed consent, or provision of written informed consent by a legal guardian/proxy Availability of a caregiver willing to provide consent for required components of the study Fluent in English May be participating in a Phase IV or other post-marketing follow up study of an approved product for treatment of dementia  No concomitant life-threatening illness (a condition which is likely to interfere with the patient's ability to complete the study) Not unwilling or unable to complete the study Not concurrently participating in a clinical trial of an investigational drug (phase I, II or III) Unwillingness of patient or legal guardian / proxy to provide written informed consent Unwillingness of caregiver to provide written informed consent For patients with diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment: current or previous treatment with any cholinesterase or memantine


eligible ages (years): 18.0-90.0,  All  Alzheimer's Disease Mild Cognitive Impairment Healthy for patients with dementia Patients: clinical diagnosis of AD or mild cognitive impairment primary language German  for healthy subjects and patients with dementia/MCI Known allergy to levodopa or tetrazine History of medication/drug abuse Acute nicotine withdrawal or > 15 cigarettes per day > 6 cups/glasses of coffee, caffeine drinks or energy drinks per day > 50 grams of alcohol per day Severe hypertonia (systole >160 mm Hg) Severe arteriosclerosis Diabetes, asthma, or glaucoma Severe hearing disability


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  ALS Cases were eligible to participate in the original study if (1) they had received a diagnosis of ALS within 2 years; (2) they lived in New England at least half the year; (3) they spoke English; (4) they were mentally and physically able to participate. The same were used for controls  Potential controls were excluded if they had a physician diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disease, polio, post-polio syndrome, or nondiabetic neuropathy Pregnant women were excluded from both case and control groups


eligible ages (years): 18.0-60.0,  All  Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis of relapsing remitting or secondary progressive with superimposed relapses MS Age between 18 and 60, inclusive EDSS between 0 and 6.5 Receiving treatment with Interferon beta (either 1a or 1b) at fully tolerated dose for at least 6 months prior to enrollment and with evidence of clinical efficacy (i.e. reduction or absence of clinical relapses) at the time of the enrollment  Clinical relapse at the time of the enrollment or within the previous 3 months Undergoing chronic therapy with any other immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive medication (excluding standard dosages of steroids intravenously/intramuscularly injected and orally taken for the treatment of relapses) besides Interferon within the past 6 months Currently taking medications used for treatment of cognition/fatigue such as Donepezil (Aricept), Modafinil (Provigil), Amantadine, or other drugs that may act as temporary stimulants or depressants for the central nervous system Currently taking other medications used for symptomatic relief that may affect cognition. The study neurologist will make the determination of eligibility Clinically significant medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise patient's safety or affect his/her MRI (e.g., diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, severe anemia, kidney disease, heart disease [angina, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure]) Pregnancy or current breastfeeding Previous eye surgery of any kind Inability to provide informed consent. The ability of the patients in understanding all the aspects of the protocol will be judged by the means of a questionnaire Permanent tattooed makeup (eyeliner, lip, etc.) or general tattoos. Subjects with tattoos will be excluded if those are in a dangerous location in the body or made with colors whose content in iron (e.g. dark blue or dark green) cannot be definitely ruled out by the Investigators Any non-organic implant or any other device such as: cardiac pacemaker, insulin infusion pump, implanted drug infusion device, cochlear, otologic, or ear implant, transdermal medication patch (nitro, hormones) that may cause problems if removed, even temporarily, any metallic implants or objects, body piercing(s), bone/joint pin, screw, nail, plate, wire sutures or surgical staples, shunt


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Hiostologically proved DTC (M0)  Preoperative metastasis


eligible ages (years): 18.0-80.0,  All  Central Nervous System Disease Cerebrovascular Accident Stroke Patients must be aged 18 or above with subacute (at least 3 months post stroke) thromboembolic or hemorrhagic strokes with impaired motor function in at least one of the limbs but capable of performing the required motor tasks. Assessment of the initial functional state will be taken at the initial visit at the NINDS Stroke Neurorehabilitation Clinic. Patients with additional stroke(s) during the length of the protocol will not be excluded from the study if the conditions stated in the are satisfied  Patients with a history of alcohol or drug abuse, poor motivational capacity, or language disturbances, particularly of receptive nature or with serious cognitive deficits (defined as equivalent to a mini-mental state exam score of 23 or less) Patients with medical or technical contraindications to MRI procedures (e.g. metal braces, pacemakers, cochlear devices, surgical clips, and other metal/magnetic implants); claustrophobia; and pregnancy Patients who are unable to comply with the motor testing protocol


eligible ages (years): 50.0-999.0,  All  Parkinson's Disease Idiopathic Parkinson's in accordance to UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Clinical Diagnostic Born and raised in Denmark  >50 years  Cerebrovascular disease Dementia not caused by Parkinson's Disease Metabolism anomaly Abuse of drugs, medication or alcohol History of head injuries Severe psychiatric disorder, excluding depression Resident outside the region of Aarhus h) DBS -


eligible ages (years): 1.0-18.0,  All  Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute ALL, healthy


eligible ages (years): 65.0-90.0,  All  Healthy Enrolled in WHIMS At least 65 years old Not diagnosed with dementia  Women younger than 65 years of age Have dementia not enrolled in WHIMS


eligible ages (years): 18.0-90.0,  All  Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Neurodegenerative Disease Motor Neuron Disease In-patients with probable or definite ALS, ages 18 staying on the neurology floor of Hahnemann Hospital  In-patients who do not meet the of the diagnosis of ALS


eligible ages (years): 18.0-90.0,  All  Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Neurodegenerative Disease Motor Neuron Disease Medical Subjects Be able to give consent themselves or via a legally authorized representative Diagnosed with a neuromuscular disease and have limited ability to communicate Be able to see visual cues such as targets or letters presented on the screen, and/or ability to hear auditory cues such as tones or words presented through speakers or earphones Be able to understand and remember instructions concerning participation Healthy control subjects Be able to consent to give consent themselves or via a legally authorized representative Be able to see visual cues such as targets or letters presented on the screen, and/or ability to hear auditory cues such as tones or words presented through speakers or earphones Be able to understand and remember instructions concerning participation  Individuals with cognitive impairments that would impact their ability to follow the instructions


eligible ages (years): 55.0-55.0,  All  Spinal Cord Injury at C5-C7 Level With Incomplete Lesion an incomplete C6 ASIA C (Central Cord) spinal cord injury lower motor function impaired and suffers from significant spasticity (Ashworth scale 4) able to ambulate approximately 10-20 feet with a rolling walker and minimal assistance has sufficient endurance to complete at least two 20-minute therapy sessions per day cognitive abilities are intact  psychiatric diagnosis medical contraindications history of bleeding disorders allergy to anesthesia acute or progressive disease active implantable device


eligible ages (years): 18.0-79.0,  All  ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) and  Subject will be a veteran with El Escorial "Lab Supported Probable" or more definite diagnosis of ALS Subject will have lost the ability to communicate either verbally or in writing (item 1 or item 4 on the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) score of 0, Appendix A)  Subject will be an adult (age >18) Subject will be living at home Subject will be living within 100 miles of the participating study site Subject will have corrected visual acuity of at least 20/80 Subject will have the ability to read and understand 6th grade English text on a computer screen Subject will be able to indicate willingness and understanding of the consent form (using their existing method of communication) Subject will be able to identify one significant other Subject will identify one system operator (person that agrees to be trained and set up the BCI). This person can be the significant other


eligible ages (years): 16.0-999.0,  All  Multiple Sclerosis established SPMS according to the McDonald  Patients with a history of drug/alcohol abuse, a premorbid (pre MS) psychiatric history, a head injury with loss of consciousness and a concurrent physical disease requiring medical attention (eg. cardiovascular disease etc), MRI contraindication including implants, pacemaker, aneurysm clips and known renal impairment


eligible ages (years): 40.0-75.0,  All  Atrophic Vaginitis Postmenopausal women (no menses for the previous 12 months) Dryness, itching or burning in and around the vagina Discontinued hormone replacement therapy (either local or systemic) at least 3 months  Known, suspected, or history of cancer of the breast Known, or suspected estrogen dependent neoplasia (ovarian, endometrial) Known hypersensitivity to any component of the medications or base creams Active deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or history of these conditions Active or recent (within the past year) arterial thromboembolic disease (stroke, myocardial infarct) Liver dysfunction or disease with elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)>1.5x upper level of normal (ULN); Normal for females is 8-43 U/L Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding Known chronic lichen sclerosis Known, untreated vaginal infection Not had a normal screening mammogram within the last 15 months


eligible ages (years): 0.0-999.0,  All  Atrophic Rhinitis Symptoms of atrophic rhinitis, with previous clinical treatment without good results  Patients with mental illness


eligible ages (years): 18.0-999.0,  All  Breast Cancer Estrogen Receptor Her-2 Pgr Diagnosis of breast cancer Node positive OR high-risk node negative disease Tumor > 1.0 cm in diameter No locally advanced, inflammatory, or metastatic breast cancer Previously treated with 4 courses of anthracycline-containing chemotherapy (i.e., doxorubicin and docetaxel OR doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) Enrolled on clinical trial ECOG-E2197 Adequate tumor material available in ECOG Pathology Coordination Center Previously consented to future cancer-related research Hormone receptor status known Female


eligible ages (years): 30.0-60.0,  All  General Paresis EEG MR  Serological test


eligible ages (years): 18.0-50.0,  All  Traumatic Brain Injury Control subjects from 18-50 Patients from 18-50 who have suffered TBI  Substance abuse Irremedial sensory deficits (blindness, deafness) Primary psychiatric disorder Neurological disease unrelated to TBI


eligible ages (years): 18.0-65.0,  All  Human Immunodeficiency Virus Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Human T-lymphotropic Virus I & II Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome HIV Infections deferred blood donor status, and deferral due to a positive result of a routine blood test for HIV, or hepatitis B, or hepatitis C, or HTLV, or having been identified as at risk of vCJD; and deferral occured in 2008 or 2009 (2007 for the pilot; 2005 for those at risk of vCJD and the control group); and donor registered at one of the NHSBT centres (English Blood Service in England and Wales)  not a blood donor; or no record of notification having taken place; or a member of Armed Forces or other profession where contact at the address provided could lead to a breach of confidentiality; or deferred before 2008 (if not in the pilot or notified of increased risk of vCJD) deferred as a result of a non-routine test or syphilis infection only; or donor registered with and notified by the Welsh, Scottish or Northern Irish Blood Services