context: There is a better than even chance that Brian is a swan. It is highly likely that Greg is yellow. Chances are about even that Bill went to the hallway. It is probable that if Brian is a swan, or Greg is yellow, then Mary left the apple. We doubt that if either Bill went to the hallway, or Greg is yellow, then Bernhard is white. It is probably the case that if Brian is a swan, and Greg is yellow, then Julius is white.
hypothesis: It is highly likely that julius is white, or Greg is yellow.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that julius is white, or Greg is yellow.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that julius is white, or Greg is yellow.
hypothesis_assertion: Julius is white, or Greg is yellow.