context: It is likely that Brian is gray. Chances are about even that Lily is white. It is unlikely that Mary went to the kitchen. Chances are slight that if Lily is white, and Mary went to the kitchen, then Greg is a swan. There is almost no chance that if Brian is gray, and Mary went to the kitchen, then Julius is a frog. It is improbable that if Brian is gray, and Mary went to the kitchen, then John put down the milk.
hypothesis: It is likely that john put down the milk, or Julius is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that john put down the milk, or Julius is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is likely that john put down the milk, or Julius is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: John put down the milk, or Julius is a frog.