context: It is probably not the case that John discarded the milk. Chances are about even that Sandra left the milk. It is probable that Brian is a lion. It is probable that if Sandra left the milk, and John discarded the milk, then Greg is a rhino. It is unlikely that if John discarded the milk, and Brian is a lion, then Bernhard is a frog. Chances are slight that if Brian is a lion, or John discarded the milk, then Mary went to the hallway.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that bernhard is a frog, and Greg is a rhino.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that bernhard is a frog, and Greg is a rhino.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that bernhard is a frog, and Greg is a rhino.
hypothesis_assertion: Bernhard is a frog, and Greg is a rhino.