context: It is unlikely that Julius is gray. Chances are slight that Bernhard is a lion. It is probably the case that Brian is a rhino. It is impossible that if Julius is gray, or Bernhard is a lion, then John dropped the apple. It is probably not the case that if either Bernhard is a lion, or Brian is a rhino, then Gertrude is a wolf. Chances are slight that if Bernhard is a lion, or Brian is a rhino, then Mary went to the garden.
hypothesis: We believe that gertrude is a wolf, and Mary went to the garden.
valid_hypothesis: There is almost no chance that gertrude is a wolf, and Mary went to the garden.
invalid_hypothesis: We believe that gertrude is a wolf, and Mary went to the garden.
hypothesis_assertion: Gertrude is a wolf, and Mary went to the garden.