context: It is almost certain that John grabbed the milk. It is unlikely that Fred is in the kitchen. It is probably the case that Brian is yellow. Chances are about even that if Brian is yellow, or John grabbed the milk, then Lily is a frog. Chances are about even that if John grabbed the milk, or Fred is in the kitchen, then Julius is a swan. It is almost certain that if Brian is yellow, or Fred is in the kitchen, then Mary dropped the apple.
hypothesis: It is highly likely that mary dropped the apple, or Lily is a frog.
valid_hypothesis: It is highly likely that mary dropped the apple, or Lily is a frog.
invalid_hypothesis: It is highly unlikely that mary dropped the apple, or Lily is a frog.
hypothesis_assertion: Mary dropped the apple, or Lily is a frog.