context: It is impossible that Bernhard is green. We doubt that Fred went to the hallway. We doubt that Jeff dropped the apple. It is probable that if Bernhard is green, or Jeff dropped the apple, then Emily is a mouse. There is a better than even chance that if Jeff dropped the apple, or Fred went to the hallway, then Mary is in the office. Chances are about even that if Jeff dropped the apple, or Fred went to the hallway, then Sandra left the apple.
hypothesis: It is almost certain that sandra left the apple, or Jeff dropped the apple.
valid_hypothesis: It is probably not the case that sandra left the apple, or Jeff dropped the apple.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that sandra left the apple, or Jeff dropped the apple.
hypothesis_assertion: Sandra left the apple, or Jeff dropped the apple.