context: It is improbable that Bernhard is a swan. It is highly unlikely that Mary put down the apple. It is highly likely that Julius is a lion.
hypothesis: There is a very good chance that either 'Julius is a lion' or 'Bernhard is a swan' but not both.
valid_hypothesis: There is a very good chance that either 'Julius is a lion' or 'Bernhard is a swan' but not both.
invalid_hypothesis: It is improbable that either 'Julius is a lion' or 'Bernhard is a swan' but not both.
problog: 
    and(A,B) :- A,B.
    or(A,B) :- A;B.
    nand(A,B) :- not(and(A,B)).
    nor(A,B) :- not(or(A,B)).
    xor(A,B) :- or(A,B), nand(A,B).
  
    %hop0
    0.1::factA.
    0.05::factB.
    0.9::factC.
    
  
    %hop2
    conclusion:-xor(factC,factA).
  
    query(conclusion).
    
hypothesis_assertion: Either 'Julius is a lion' or 'Bernhard is a swan' but not both.