context: It is improbable that Emily is a mouse. It is highly unlikely that John went to the bedroom. It is probable that Sandra got the football. There is little chance that if 'Emily is a mouse' or 'Sandra got the football' or both then Bernhard is gray. There is little chance that if 'Emily is a mouse' or 'John went to the bedroom' or both then Brian is a rhino. It is probable that if either 'John went to the bedroom' or 'Sandra got the football' but not both then Julius is a lion.
hypothesis: Chances are about even that 'Julius is a lion and Sandra got the football'.
valid_hypothesis: Chances are about even that 'Julius is a lion and Sandra got the football'.
invalid_hypothesis: It is almost certain that 'Julius is a lion and Sandra got the football'.
problog: 
    and(A,B) :- A,B.
    or(A,B) :- A;B.
    nand(A,B) :- not(and(A,B)).
    nor(A,B) :- not(or(A,B)).
    xor(A,B) :- or(A,B), nand(A,B).
  
    %hop0
    0.1::factA.
    0.05::factB.
    0.7::factC.
    %hop1
    0.1::factX:-or(factA,factC).
    0.1::factY:-or(factA,factB).
    0.7::factZ:-xor(factB,factC).
  
    %hop2
    conclusion:-and(factZ,factC).
  
    query(conclusion).
    
hypothesis_assertion: 'Julius is a lion and Sandra got the football'.