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It’s never too late to be more of who we aspire to be, to be something new, someone better. Southern Arizona Senior Pride is here to help you in your quest to be your best self. Senior Pride is grateful for the hard work and heartfelt dedication of Lee Crosby and Gretchen Field, co-coordinators of the Community Cares Program. We all want to be more resilient, compassionate, and supportive. Together we are doing just that. Take a look at Senior Pride’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic! Our grief groups, speaker series, Community Cares Program, storytelling workshops, and End of Life Planning program are not just surviving, but flourishing, reaching more people than ever. We even helped community members with little or no computer experience go online so that they can stay connected during these difficult times. Most of us want to be more open-hearted and generous – and there’s nowhere your generosity is more needed and appreciated than Southern Arizona Senior Pride. Whether you give online, send a check, make a legacy gift, volunteer your time, encourage friends to join us, or do several of these things, we need you, and we are grateful for you. Thanks for making a year-end gift to Senior Pride today.

It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker. Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool. Some features of ATS will be disabled while you continue to use an ad-blocker. Single-bubble sonoluminescence is a mysterious phenomenon. A small bubble of gas, usually air, is trapped at the center of a flask of liquid, usually water, by the application of an intense acoustic field. The frequency of the field is typically 25 or 30 kHz, and once per cycle, driven by the sound field, the bubble undergoes expansion and then rapid contraction....The sound wave, with a time scale of tens of microseconds, produces a contraction of the bubble measured in tens of nanoseconds, which in turn somehow generates a pulse of visible light whose duration has recently been measured to be tens of picoseconds .To quantize this model, we can express ~E and ~B in terms of a vector potential ~A, and endow the fourier coefficients of ~A with the appropriate commutation relations. Effectively this means that the coefficients a and b in the above expressions become quantum operators....1) the Casimir effect arises essentially from the coupling of the electromagnetic field to a boundary. When that boundary is moving, the field is coupled to a time-dependent source, which in and of itself leads to the production of energy; and 2) if this time-dependent coupling gives rise to unstable modes, as it does in our model, then an unexpectedly large amount of energy can be produced. de Broglie Wave Mechanics - In 1923, while still a graduate student at the University of Paris, Louis de Broglie published a brief note in the journal Comptes rendus containing an idea that was to revolutionize our understanding of the physical world at the most fundamental level. He had been troubled by a curious "contradiction" arising from Einstein's special theory of relativity. First, he assumed that there is always associated with a particle of mass m a periodic internal phenomenon of frequency f. For a particle at rest, he equated the rest mass energy mc² to the energy of the quantum of the electromagnetic field hf. That is, mc² = hf where h is Planck's constant and c is the speed of light. De Broglie noted that relativity theory predicts that, when such a particle is set in motion, its total relativistic energy will increase, tending to infinity as the speed of light is approached. Likewise, the period of the internal phenomenon assumed to be associated with the particle will also increase (due to time dilation). Since period and frequency are inversely related, a period increase is equivalent to a decrease of frequency and, hence, of the energy given by the quantum relation hf. It was this apparent incompatibility between the tendency of the relativistic energy to increase and the quantum energy to decrease that troubled de Broglie. The manner in which de Broglie resolved this apparent contradiction is the subject of the famous 1923 Comptes rendus note [Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, vol. 177, pp. 507-510 (1923)]. O.K. again you have to agree that frequency is the inverse of wavelength. Hertz assumes that time is measured in wavelength -- if you want to say "second" this actually means wavelength as meter or feet or radian. So "second" refers to the period of time it takes for one full wavelength distance. Hertz already assumes a commutative symmetric relationship of wavelength. So 300 to 200 hertz "going backwards" is still 1.5 Hertz -- it's still a fraction of 300 over 200 Hertz. Hertz already assumes that sound has a speed as the square of the distance -- by the wavelength squared. So when you talk about Hertz what you really mean is this: You asked earlier -- sarcastically -- does time slow down if it is reversed? Yes -- the Perfect Fifth interval as the overtone harmonic 3/2 is a higher frequency -- and so the wavelength time is faster since it is smaller value -- 2/3. Now if the subharmonic of 3/2 frequency is 2/3 frequency or 1/3 frequency then it is the same music interval -- a Perfect Fifth but in the opposite direction of time so frequency is lower and the wavelength spreads out and time slows down. So now the wavelength is 3/2 as time but the frequency is 2/3. In their experiment, the researchers achieved superluminal sound velocity by rephasing the spectral components of the sound pulses, which later recombine to form an identical-looking part of the pulse much further along within the pulse. So it’s not the actual sound waves that exceed c, but the waves’ “group velocity,” or the “length of the sample divided by the time taken for the peak of a pulse to traverse the sample.” Originally posted by fulllotusqigong reply to post by UncleV O.K. so you mean two notes moving from 300 hertz to 200 hertz. The pitch interval is the ratio or fraction of the two frequencies which is why 300 hertz to 200 hertz as the Perfect Fifth is 1.5 as a fraction. So the subharmonics are not a "theory" but a real perception of listening as beats are subharmonics -- no one can deny that beats are not theory but real perception of sound. So this proves that the Perfect Fifth and Perfect Fourth have nonlinear feedback that increases the amplification. So you are claiming that subharmonic is theory because it's based on the geometric symbol of pitch perception and therefore is not needed for using Hertz. You ask me -- is an octave a doubling of Hertz or not? I have pointed out in the links I provided that this is precisely the "bait and switch" issue that was covered up. The question is though in relation to the 100 hertz as the "root" frequency for the octave. So 200 hertz is the octave but 300 hertz is not the octave. Originally posted by UncleV Just had a flash....when you say 'sub' as in subharmonics I think "low" as in subwoofers. Therefore, in my example there are no subharmonics as the root note is the lowest. But, are you referring to the 'sub' in subharmonics as in subset, a part of the whole, not necessarily lower in pitch? Please, a simple yes or no to this question is all that is needed to get us on the same page. Anything more than that (links, videos, half hour long diatribes) is clutter and I will burn virtual dog poop on your virtual doorstep. a G down to a C is a fourth. Only then can he get the frequency ratios to create both a Perfect Fourth and a Perfect Fifth that are not below the value of the octave frequency. as I've mentioned the F to C is listed as 2/3x and the C to G is 3/2x. So it's the same "C" just like with the harmonic series but it is noncommutative. So it would appear that this is fine except that the fractions are the frequency -- not the wavelength! So the frequency of the first Perfect Fifth as 2/3x is actually the wavelength and then it is doubled to 4/3x as the Perfect Fourth frequency. Similarly, one could certainly point out the long history of experimental confirmation of linear acoustics and could cite successful measurements of the Doppler effect. Nevertheless, since the linear wave equation is not exact,one needs to carefully consider whether this equation is appropriate to use in solving acoustical problems of interest, particularly in problems that involve the presence of two primary waves which can interact nonlinearly to produce sum-and-difference frequency waves. On the one hand the quantum theory of light cannot be considered satisfactory since it defines the energy of a light particle (photon) by the equation E=hf containing the frequency f. Now a purely particle theory contains nothing that enables us to define a frequency; for this reason alone, therefore, we are compelled, in the case of light, to introduce the idea of a particle and that of frequency simultaneously. On the other hand, determination of the stable motion of electrons in the atom introduces integers, and up to this point the only phenomena involving integers in physics were those of interference and of normal modes of vibration. This fact suggested to me the idea that electrons too could not be considered simply as particles, but that frequency (wave properties) must be assigned to them also. (Louis de Broglie, Nobel Prize Speech, 1929) Originally posted by fulllotusqigong From this ATS thread on Milo Wolff's wave model Everything below the atom is just subharmonic wave structures, the 'factors' if you will of the harmonic ratios of the stable atom. Originally posted by fulllotusqigong reply to post by Mary Rose Hey Mary -- Tom Bearden relies on Broken Symmetry as the secret to free energy creation -- this is just the time-frequency uncertainty principle seen from the perspective of classical physics. Non linearities can give you great sound, in the right places, and preferably in a way that you can control them, they don't always sound good. As an extreme example, take lots of distortion on a guitar. You play a single note, it sounds fat and sustains forever... great You add a fifth, you have a really ballsy sounding power chord.. great Now you add a third.... UGH!!! The equation used by Archtyas, from Babylon, was arthimetic mean times harmonic mean = geometric mean squared. For the Pythagorean Tetrad this means if A = 1 and C = 2, the octave, then B = 3/2 for the arithmetic mean (A + C divided by 2) and B = 4/3 for the harmonic mean or 2(AC) divided by A + C. Meanwhile B = the square root of two for the geometric mean or the arithmetic mean times the harmonic mean equals the geometric mean squared (3/2×4/3 = 2)....So 2:3 became 3:2 from A + C divided by 2 = B with A = 1 and C = 2 as the octave. This conversion of the complimentary opposite Tetrad perfect fifth of 2:3 into 3:2, as an arithmetic mean, then could be doubled, 9/4, and inverted back into the octave as 9/8, the major second interval and then converted to the geometric mean as three major second intervals or the square root of two also known as the “Devil’s Interval,” the tritone – C to F#. So again if A is 1 and C is 2 as the string length or inverse ratio of the octave, then the arithmetic mean is 3/2 and the harmonic mean is 4/3 and the geometric mean squared is 2. Or mass equals the octave NOW as geometric mean with 4 times the weight creating an acceleration as velocity squared -- time as distance. This is, again, where Newton got his inverse square law. 4 times the weight stretches the string to twice the frequency - or an octave increase, thereby changing time to a measure of weight and distance (momentum) by utilizing Archytas geometric mean conversion of frequency as COMPLIMENTARY OPPOSITES. What had been frequency (A = 1 and C = 2) is now reduced to distance (A + C divided by 2) with the perfect fifth now converted to a logarithmic standard. So if A = 1 and C = 4 (the double octave) then B = 5/2 is the arithmetic mean while the harmonic mean is 8/5 and their product, the geometric mean is 4, which has the square root equaling two. This confirms that Archytas did not think of the octaves as a doubling but rather a SQUARING even though this clearly goes against the harmonic series. The real clincher for this complimentary opposites argument is Simon Stevin's 17th C. conversion of Archytas' diatonic scale into equal-tempered tuning. Stevin relied on the octave defined as a starting value of 5000 with it's "double" as 10,000. Stevin then argues that half of the octave is the square root, or the tritone and so a third of the octave, or two major second intervals, the major third is therefore a cube root of two. This fully accepted modern basis for equal-tempered tuning -- that which you consider to be the truth -- is directly from Archytas' proof for doubling the cube, namely that if a cube has a side one then to double the volume to two the side must be cube root of two with the proportion 1:5/4::8/5:2. That's the exact equation Simon Stevin used -- only converted to logarithmics. As I discussed in my article above and in my previous blogbook chapter, the subject of several emails from math professor Joe Mazur, Archytas' source for the cube root of two is from Babylon's use of the equation, arithmetic mean x harmonic mean = geometric mean squared. So again Stevin ASSUMES the value of the cube root of two without discussing the ORIGINS of the square root of two and all this time no one has questioned that fact that the arithmetic mean x harmonic mean equation Archytas relied on to create geometric mean is based on the octave, not as a doubled value, but as a SQUARED valued. Again having arithmetic mean 3/2 x harmonic mean 4/3 = 2 with 2 as geometric mean squared so that 3/2 x 3/2 = 9/4, the major second above the octave or the 11th interval (with 4 as the octave "squared" not doubled) and then halved to the sixth root of two as 9/8, the major second, cubed as the tritone or the square root of two is the source for Simon Stevin's equal-tempered tuning. The cube root is then just double the sixth root -- or 10/8 as 5/4. So Simon Stevin used the geometric mean equation A/B = C/X with X=BC/A just as Archytas used the arithmetic mean equations with A = 1 and X = 2. Only with Archytas it's not said what "X" is -- so the Babylonian geometric mean is 6:8::9:12, ostensibly the same as Simon Stevin's A:B::C:X but this time reduced to either 2:3::2:3 or 3:4::3:4. Archytas, in solving for the square root of two excludes the START of the octave -- which again is now no longer doubled, as is the case in the harmonic series, but is squared. SIMON STEVIN CONVENIENTALLY IGNORES THIS HARMONIC SOURCE FOR THE SQUARE ROOT OF TWO. So Archytas converts this process that starts with 1:2 as 6:12 so that 6 would be A and X would be 12. Instead Archytas reduces this to a 3 term equation with no "X" so that A = 1 and C = 2 and then what had been 2:3 as 6:8 is now the RESULT of the octave as arithmetic mean (A + C divided by 2) equals 3/2. What had been 3:4 as 6:9 is now the RESULT of the octave as harmonic mean (2 x AC divided by A + C), thereby HIDING the complimentary opposite harmonics of 1:2:3:4 and replacing a doubling of the octaves with a squaring of the octaves (2 is now geometric mean squared with "half" of the octave now the square root of two as the tritone).

We will share the final report with you. We will share the final report with you. For further details, please get in touch with us. The price is applicable for properties under BBMP limits only. For properties under BMRDA, BIAAPA you would need to buy the add-on. There are no reviews positive reviews negative reviews available. The report was given in good time and was explained in a detailed and proper manner. Civil Works was patience enough to clear all my queries and doubts. Civilworks are professional, proactive and trustworthy. He visited site as promised on time ,evaluated in detail and provided very minute and accurate information. He would be 100% transparent on his opinion and would share his professional opinion regarding building and will go extra mile to facilitate your work. The report is very detailed with a concrete opinion if apartment is eligible for OC and hat other aspects we need to look into. The civil service provided for checking the OC eligibility for my apartment was excellent and so quick. More impressed thing is Mr. Vikas was really helpful to understand me different aspects of property and he was very much responsive too. Really impressed by their service. Thanks team. Civilworks(Mr. Vikas): I had opted for OC Eligibility Check since the property I am purchasing has not received the OC. Mr. Vikas made sure there is no violation of any kind in the project and its constructed as per sanctioned plan. He also shared his views on lake encroachment for the project. Service provided was quick and on time. Thanks a lot. In future if any assistance is needed I will surely go for Civilworks. I will also recommend Civilworks to my friends and family. Apart from the service provided, helped me (who has almost no knowledge or experience of buying property) understand everything in details. Very punctual for site visit and collected all the details on time. Easily approchable regarding the queries and responds promptly. Provided exact report with out any bias and explained the details very clearly. Saved me from deviation project.

Kent batsman Jack Leaning has been awarded his County Cap, four days after helping the club become Vitality Blast champions. County caps are presented to players that have excelled for Kent, and now 221 County Caps have been awarded so far to Kent’s Men’s players, starting in 1882. The right-hander joined the county from Yorkshire as a Capped Player for the White Rose in October 2019, and made his full debut for Kent against Essex in 2020’s Bob Willis Trophy. In only his second competitive match in a Kent shirt that August, he scored a mammoth 220 not out against Sussex, combining with Jordan Cox to set a new Club record for any partnership in any format – a combined 423 runs. Twenty minutes after making Kent history and four deliveries later, he took an outstanding two-handed diving catch at second slip to dismiss Phil Salt. The 27-year-old has gone on to make 51 appearances for the county to date in all formats, scoring 1670 runs at an average of 37.11. A very capable off-spinner, Leaning also averaged just 11.42 with the ball in the Spitfires’ Vitality Blast campaign, taking seven wickets in the five matches in which he bowled. Also known for his athletic fielding efforts, Leaning finished joint-top of Kent’s outfielding records in this season’s T20 competition, taking 12 catches in 14 matches. He was also named as Kent Spitfires’ Captain for the 2021 Royal London Cup.

One of my favorite pieces of history are The Annual Reminders. They started in 1965 and were the first public gay/lesbian demonstrations in the US. Every year, a bunch of gay men and lesbians dressed in their Sunday-best (to show how hard it was to point us out in a crowd for being “deviants”, to show how normal we were, etc.) and marched in front of Independence Hall in Philadelphia. It’s brave to do that today, but the bravery it took to do that in 1965 is remarkable. They suspended the demonstrations after Stonewall to commemorate the first anniversary of the riots and this became the first Pride. I’m from Philadelphia and there’s soooo much LGBT history here that I didn’t know of until I came out. It’s kind of surprising how we’re not mentioned alongside NYC and San Francisco. Apart from the Annual Reninders, there were so many “gay firsts” in this city. I also love the story behind the Lavender Menace protests and learning how integral lesbians were during the AIDS crisis when no one was doing anything to help the victims. In a lot of LGBT history, you can really see how lesbians often took on the roles of being mothers and caregivers towards the rest of the community. We were always here on the frontlines.

By Jeffrey Lemm, Allison C. Alberts Rock iguanas of the West Indies are thought of to be the main endangered crew of lizards on the earth. they're a flagship species within the Caribbean and on such a lot islands are the most important place of origin animals. regrettably, human encroachment and brought animals have introduced this species to the threshold of extinction. Cyclura: ordinary background, Husbandry, and Conservation of the West Indian Iguanas is the 1st ebook to mix the normal background and captive husbandry of those amazing reptiles, whereas whilst outlining the issues researchers and conservationists are combating to avoid wasting those attractive, iconic animals of the Caribbean islands. Authors Jeffrey Lemm and Allison Alberts were learning West Indian iguanas for almost twenty years within the wild and in captivity; their reports with wild iguanas and their beautiful images of those charismatic lizards within the wild make this booklet vital for reptile researchers, teachers and lovers, in addition to someone attracted to nature and conservation.Includes chapters with contributions by way of prime specialists on rock iguana taxonomy, meals, and illnesses gains colour photographs of all taxa, together with habitat and captive shotsProvides simply comprehensible and usable info gleaned from event and hands-on reptile learn Read or Download Cyclura: Natural History, Husbandry, and Conservation of West Indian Rock Iguanas PDF Best mammals books Книга содержит современные сведения для каждого вида млекопитающих южноафриканского региона, характеризуя распространение, охранный статус, местообитания, издаваемые звуки, питание, биологию размножения и социальные системы. Каждое видовое описание включает полноцветную фотографию животного в естественной среде и карту распространения. Fresh years have noticeable a burst of experiences at the mouse eye and visible method, fueled largely by means of the rather contemporary skill to provide mice with accurately outlined alterations in gene series. Mouse versions have contributed to a variety of clinical breakthroughs for a couple of ocular and neurological illnesses and feature allowed researchers to deal with primary concerns that have been tricky to technique with different experimental types. Content material: Manganese bioavailability evaluation / Constance Kies -- Manganese uptake and retention : experimental animal and human reports / Bo Lönnerdal, Carl L. prepared, J. G. Bell, and B. Sandström -- nutritional manganese toxicity and deficiency : results on mobile manganese metabolism / Carl L. prepared, Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr, and Bo Lönnerdal -- Manganese homeostasis within the chick / L. This primary quantity within the sequence on "Comparative mind learn in Mammals" bargains with the brains of Insectivora. the significance of Insectivora lies certainly within the indisputable fact that, (1) insectivore-like ancestors are considered as the preliminary crew for the evolution of upper mammals, and (2) the insectivore brains retained many conservative characteristics, notwithstanding the animals have tailored to various dwelling environments. - The Power of Words in International Relations: Birth of an Anti-Whaling Discourse (Politics, Science, and the Environment) - Prairie Babies - Rabbits: Biology, Diet and Eating Habits and Disorders - Mammals of South America, Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats Extra resources for Cyclura: Natural History, Husbandry, and Conservation of West Indian Rock Iguanas N. caymanensis; lewisi usually has five enlarged aurical spines forming a continuous arc immediately anterior to the auricle, the most dorsal also forming the posterior terminus of the subocular scale row. Many lewisi have an extra pair of enlarged prefrontals immediately posterior to the first prefrontals. These second prefrontals are always smaller than the first pair and are variable in size. A third row of moderately enlarged prefrontals also occurs in lewisi, comparable to what appears as the second prefrontal row in nubila and caymanensis. 40 2. 22 Tourists often feed iguanas on the Allen Cays. This action may actually be detrimental to the health of the iguanas and to iguana populations. Photo by John Iverson. , 2004). The oldest known females to successfully nest are at least 40 years old, with some estimated to be 43 years of age. One in three females nest each season, with only the largest females nesting every year. About one in five smaller females (26e30 cm SVL) nest each year. 23) and females travel an average of 88 meters from home range to nesting areas. Rhinoceros iguanas are most abundant in xeric, rocky habitats with an elevational range of À35 meters (on Isla Cabritos) to 400 meters. They are found in a variety of habitats, including thorn scrub woodlands, dry forests, and semideciduous to subtropical moist forests (Ottenwalder, 2000a). They shelter in rock crevices or self-dug burrows, as well as hollow tree trunks and caves. The Rhinoceros iguana is primarily herbivorous, but like most rock iguanas, probably feeds on some animal matter, especially caterpillars and pupae.

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a complex problem known for causing severe fatigue when there is seemingly no reason for it. The fatigue might become worse after physical or mental tasks and will not get better with rest. The reason for chronic fatigue syndrome is not known at this time; however there are numerous ideas which range from stress or bacterial infections. Many medical experts believe chronic fatigue syndrome may be set off by a variety of factors. There isn’t any particular test that can be done to make sure that you have chronic fatigue syndrome. You will have to endure a number of different lab tests to eliminate other health issues that have identical symptoms. A treatment plan can then be developed to help reduce the symptoms caused by this condition. Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Chronic fatigue syndrome comes with several symptoms: - Lack of Focus - Constant Headaches - Sore Throat - Severe Exhaustion - Inflamed Lymph Nodes - Unusual Muscle Pain - Unrefreshing Sleep Possible Causes of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Medical experts can’t say for sure what causes chronic fatigue syndrome. It might be due to a combination of factors that affect those who were born with proneness for this disorder. A few of the factors that have been researched include: Since a lot of people have this condition following a viral infection, experts have considered if certain viruses may bring about the problem. Suspected viruses include mouse leukemia, Epstein-Barr, and human herpesvirus 6, though no definitive connection has been discovered as of yet. Immune System Difficulties The immune systems of those who have this disease seem to be reduced just a bit, however it is not clear if this disability is enough to really bring about the disorder. Those who have chronic fatigue additionally experience irregular blood levels of bodily hormones made in the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, and hypothalamus. However the significance of these malocclusions is still not known. Risk Factors of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Factors that could raise your risk of chronic fatigue syndrome include factors such as: Chronic fatigue syndrome can happen at any age, however it most often has an effect on men and women in their forties and fifties. Women are identified as having chronic fatigue syndrome a lot more frequently compared to men, however it may be that women are just more likely to report their symptoms to a medical professional. Those who are obese and non-active are more inclined to have chronic fatigue syndrome. Stress and anxiety also appear to be major factors. Complications of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Complications that can develop due to prolonged chronic fatigue syndrome can include: - Higher Work Absences - Social Anxiety - Lifestyle Constraints Therapies for Pain Relief Caused by Chronic Fatigue Syndrome A variety of therapies have been said to help those with chronic fatigue syndrome. It is hard to evaluate whether these types of therapies actually work, mostly since the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome are often associated with mood and can change on a daily basis. Pain caused by chronic fatigue syndrome can be reduced though: - Tai Chi Tips and Suggestions to Improve Symptoms The tips below can help those with chronic fatigue syndrome to manage symptoms better: Improve Sleep Habits Go to sleep and wake up at the exact same time on a daily basis. Develop a strategy to avoid or reduce over-exertion and psychological stress. Make time to relax every single day to keep your stress level down. When to Visit Your Doctor Fatigue could be a symptom of numerous health problems, like bacterial infections or stress. It is best to call your doctor if you have continual or unnecessary fatigue; that taking a nice long walk does not seem to resolve.

This paper aims to illustrate six concepts regarding Vietnam and based on Robbins’ chapters three to eight respectively. We will write a custom Term Paper on Cultural Anthropology: A Problem-Based Approach specifically for you 807 certified writers online The first concept concerns the moral policy of the Denver Buddhist Temple and Buddhist monks. Visiting the Denver Buddhist Temple, I was surprised to learn that there are different kinds of Buddhism. As a rule, monks take a vow of celibacy, have a minimum of material values, and represent a high level of Buddhists’ moral standards. Nothing should distract them on the way to reaching self-knowledge and self-improvement. However, in the Denver Temple, they belong to Jodo Shinshu Buddhism for common people. The moral policy of the Denver Buddhist Temple and Buddhist monks The second point to be revealed is the symbolic actions of people in the Denver Buddhist Temple. I observed that people show respect for the Temple and each other taking off shoes and covering legs and hands as appropriate before entering. Likewise, I noted that people attending worship pray to bow in front of the Buddha statue or meditate in the lotus position. Generally, I enjoyed my visit. I understood that Buddhists believe in the achievement of the enlightenment through their religion. Symbolic actions of people in the Denver Buddhist Temple The third concept reflects the type of the family represented in Scent of the Green Papaya that shows the story of poor girl Mui serving for a merchant family. There are three sons in the family. Based on Robbins (2013), who claims that the “nuclear family is the [a] group consisting of a father, a mother, and their biological or adopted children,” one might conclude that the family illustrated in the film is nuclear (p. 182). In spite of the fact that a traditional Vietnamese family follows patrilineal descent, the viewer observes a matrilineal kinship family system, where the mother takes the leading position. One more concept is connected to Mui’s personhood that is sociocentric. Mui cannot imagine herself outside the society, namely, the family, in which she lives. Therefore, she cares about the family members more than for herself and serves perfectly. Besides, the woman enjoys life, and even the sunset or the scent of green papaya can bring her pleasure. Thus, the viewer sees the incarnation of innocence and gentleness in her character. Another point that is important to mention is the social hierarchies. The social hierarchy exists in any society and assumes the distinguishing in different social classes. In Vietnam, the social segregation includes the ruling class in the person of Communist Party, the scholar class, the working class represented by farmers as well as industrial workers, and the business class. All in all, the stratification occurs on the basis of education and occupation. Effects of war on society Finally, the effect of war (1965 – 1975) on Vietnamese society is the last concept to be reflected. In accordance with the Geneva agreement, the country was divided into two parts – North and South. In 1960, an armed conflict broke out between them. One of the most tangible effects was the illegal polygamy occurred due to the gender imbalance and formed as a result of the death of a large number of men during the war. Moreover, the war affected not only Vietnam but also the USA. The so-called Vietnam Syndrome appeared among the US soldiers, the essence of which was the refusal of Americans to advocate for US participation in long-term military campaigns without a clear political and military objective and accompanied by significant losses among US troops. To sum up, the presentation uncovers the most significant issues of Vietnamese society comprising the society in general, social hierarchy, moral policy, symbolic actions, family, and personhood. Robbins, R. H. (2013). Cultural Anthropology: A Problem-based Approach. (6th ed). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

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One of the Federal sloops of war built during the early years of the American Civil War (1861–5). A screw steamer of 1,031 tons, her armament included four 32-pounder guns. Her most notable action was when she sank the Confederate cruiser Alabama off Cherbourg on 19 June 1864. She ran aground and was wrecked on 10 February 1894. Subjects: Maritime History.

* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project ROUNDTABLE: New World Archaeology/71 calendar still used by the Jews), a month has twenty-nine or thirty days (with months of twenty-nine and thirty days usually alternating.) In the Ugaritic alphabet, each of the necessary twenty-nine letters could stand for the minimal twenty-nine days of the month, with the extra i: available for that extra thirtieth day in the long months. NEW VISTAS We are entering a new era in the study of civilization. Old World history is so much better known that it will provide opening wedges for deciphering the languages and dispelling the mysteries of ancient America. But increasingly, as time goes by, the ancient New World will elucidate Old World history. What we call Western Civilization is not the creation of one people, one race or one region. It is the product of intercontinental stimulation maintained to a great extent by traders who traversed the seas since the Bronze Age. We must get over our conceit that only modern Western man (whatever that means) was capable of noteworthy achievement. The seminal foundations of the exact sciences (such as mathematics and astronomy) as well as the humanities (such as the alphabet, the Ten Commandments, and Homeric Epic) are rooted in antiquity. The role of the merchant is much more significant and noble than most of us realize. Traders need international peace if they are to flourish. Solomon's commercial empire in the tenth century B.C. exposed Israel to contacts with the world at large and paved the way for the universal doctrines of the Prophets whose message unfolded during the subsequent centuries. One of their doctrines was that the world would not become a place fit to live in until "nation would no longer lift sword against nation, nor study the art of war anymore" (Micah 4:3). Israel learned this in the First Early Iron Age from her traders, including those who sailed the oceans with the merchant mariners of Hiram. But Israel was a late comer in Near East antiquity. In the tenth century B.C. she was catching up with the lessons that her Bronze Age predecessors had learned two millennia earlier. BOOK OFMORMON ARCHAEOLOGY: THE MYTHS AND THE ALTERNATIVES Dee F. Green Church members, from some General Authorities to some Sunday School teachers, are generally impressed with and concerned about "scientific proof" of the Book of Mormon. As a practicing scientist and Church member, I am singularly unconcerned about such studies — in fact, when it comes to such matters, I am hyper-conservative. To suggest that Book of Mormon archae- 72/DIALOGUE: A Journal of Mormon Thought ology is largely useless — even a delusion — and that there are far more important things for Church anthropologists to worry about is not currently popular in the Church. Nevertheless, the conservative position needs a hearing. My task is to assess the past and current status of Book of Mormon archaeology and point some directions for the future. This assessment is admittedly critical, but I hasten to assure everyone that the criticism represents my differences of opinion with regard to individual's ideas and positions and not with regard to their personalities nor their testimonies. I should also like to point out that I do not feel that we are dealing here with matters of doctrine. As far as I am concerned, "proving" (or "disproving") the historicity of the Book of Mormon will in no way change the atonement of Christ, or the plan of salvation. The three periods — past, present, and future — can perhaps best be characterized by three approaches to Book of Mormon archaeology. These are the Geographical-Historical Approach, which has been popular all through the history of the Church and while, in my opinion, largely sterile, still commands a large following; the Back-Door Approach which, as nearly as I can tell, is the current "official" approach of the Church; and the Anthropological Approach, which has not yet been tried. THE GEOGRAPHICAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH Since the early days of the Church, some interest in both the geography of the Book of Mormon and its historical authenticity has been apparent. A special interest was generated in 1841 with the publication of John Lloyd Stephen's book, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan, which resulted in articles in the Times and Seasons.1 Attacks on the Book of Mormon itself, as well as on Joseph Smith's account of its origin, resulted in various apologists arising in the Church to defend the book on internal as well as external evidence. However, as far as the use of archaeology was concerned, statements on both sides were naive, since the Church has not had a professionally trained archaeologist until recent years,2 and little of any scientific validity was known of New World archaeology until the 1930's. The last few decades have seen Church members focusing on two related topics: the geography of the Book of Mormon and trait comparisons between either the Book of Mormon and the New World or the Old World. 'October 1, 1842. 2 Strange as it may seem, the first active Church member who can really be called an archaeologist with a Ph.D. degree and professional standing is Ray T. Matheny, whose degree was awarded in 1968. Others who may claim priority are clearly not archaeologists. They may be historians or dilettanti; they may think and talk about archaeology; but they have never been through the whole process of being trained as archaeologists. Nevertheless both Bruce Warren and Gareth Lowe, while lacking advanced degrees, have been highly respected as Mesoamerican archaeologists for a number of years,and both are in the process of finishing graduate work. ROUNDTABLE: New World Archaeology/73 The geographical interest has centered primarily on internal re-construction, followed by speculation as to geographic placement on the Western hemisphere of places mentioned in the Book of Mormon. Two points of view have been widely expressed. The more traditional, equating the Book of Mormon's "narrow neck of land" with the isthmus of Panama, may be reviewed in Reynolds and Sjodahl.3 The second position is that which for over twenty years has been championed by M. Wells Jakeman and was strongly identified with the former Department of Archaeology at Brigham Young University. While most L.D.S. archaeologists agree very broadly with Jakeman in identifying Mesoamerica as the region in which Book of Mormon events most likely transpired, attempts to arrive at closer identification have been hampered by Jakeman's failure to publish his long-awaited geography of the Book of Mormon. Jakeman's core ideas with regard to Book of Mormon geography were known over twenty years ago. Nothing new has come out of L.D.S. scholarship since then except for one abortive attempt to identify the Book of Mormon city Bountiful,4 a few wildly speculative suggestions by such individuals as Jose Davila, and a modicum of knowledgeable and reasonable but private correspondence by Sorenson, Lowe, Warren, and others. Furthermore, the University Archaeological Society (now the Society for Early Historic Archaeology), which provides the house organ for the Jakeman position, has consistently refused to conduct a symposium on Book of Mormon geography, despite the fact that such a symposium has been suggested to its officers a number of times by a number of people in the past ten years. A great deal of interesting progress could now be made on the question of geography except that dialogue is not possible, and other approaches are preferable. The second topic, that of trait comparison, which has been of interest to L.D.S. students of the Book of Mormon, has suffered from two problems. The first is related to geography in that if one wishes to compare Book of Mormon traits with New World archaeology, one must first locate the proper area of the New World in order to make such comparisons. The uninformed Mormon might assume that essentially the whole New World is Book of Mormon country, so that traits from anywhere in the hemisphere are all right as long as they fit. This assumption, based as it is in our folklore and not on analysis of the Book of Mormon itself nor an understanding of New World archaeology, has, together with the second problem, that of unsophisticated comparison techniques, already produced what John Sorenson has rightly s George Reynolds and Janne M. Sjodahl, Commentary on the Book of Mormon (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1958), Vol. III. 4 Thought by Jakeman to be the site of Aguacatal in Campeche, Mexico, and defended by Christensen on various occasions (see UAS Newsletter 22.02, 46.0, 47.3, and his numerous public declarations at Leadership Weeks). After excavating at Aguacatal in 1961 and conducting the only study yet made of the artifacts and data recovered, Ray Matheny, then a graduate student at BYU, privately demonstrated that Aguacatal is not Bountiful. The UAS Newsletter has never recognized Matheny's contribution. Jakeman has also identified the site of El Cayo on the Usumacinta River in Southern Mexico as Zarahemla. Others who have visited the site find it too small, and some preliminary archaeological testing shows its main occupation to be too late in time for such an interpretation. 74/DIALOGUE: A Journal of Mormon Thought called "kooky" results.5 Some of the results which are more popularly known among Mormons bear a few words of comment. Those volumes which most flagrantly ignore time and space and most radically distort, misinterpret, or ignore portions of the archaeological evidence are the popular Farnsworth volumes.6 Also inadequate, from a professional archaeologist's point of view, are the well intentioned volumes by Milton R. Hunter7 and a number of smaller pamphlets and works by various authors. On a slightly more sophisticated plane is Ferguson's One Fold and One Shepherd, but while he is conscious of the geographic and time problems, he gets caught in the trait comparison snare. His list of 298 traits8 (most unreferenced) are at times so generalized that the list could just as well prove that Book of Mormon peoples wound up in Southeast Asia. His knowledge of New World archaeology is better than that of either Farnsworth or Hunter but still too shallow to avoid getting him in trouble. Much the same can be said for a variety of authors and articles published in the various symposia of the University Archaeological Society on the archaeology of the scriptures.9 New World - Old World comparisons have been less popular but equally fraught with problems. The best known examples are the two volumes by Nibley which suffer from an overdose of "Old Worlditis."10 In Near Eastern philology and history, Nibley has no peers in the Church — and probably few outside it — but he does not know New World culture history well, and his writing ignores the considerable indigenous elements in favor of exclusively Old World patterns. Part of this is also due no doubt to Nibley's not unjustifiable concern over the state of New World scholarship in the Church. A final warning should be issued against Jakeman's Lehi Tree of Life Stone,11 which has received wide publicity in the Church and an over-enthusiastic response from the layman due to the publication's pseudo-scholarship. The question which should really be asked about Izapa Stela 5 is "Did the artist or artists have Lehi's vision in their minds when the stone was sculptured?", a question which, I submit, cannot be answered short of talking with the artist. The next question, then, is what are the probabilities that 5 See Sorenson's article, this Roundtable, footnote 2. "Dewey Farnsworth, The Americans Before Columbus (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 3rd Edition, 1965), and Book of Mormon Evidences in Ancient America (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company), 1953. 7 Milton R. Hunter, Archaeology and the Book of Mormon (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1956), Vol. I, and Christ in Ancient America: Archaeology and the Book of Mormon (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1959) , Vol. II. 8 Thomas Stuart Ferguson, One Fold and One Shepherd (San Francisco: Books of California), pp. 57-72. 9 See especially papers of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth annual symposia published by BYU Extension Publications and a review of the fifteenth symposium volume by John Sorenson in Vol. 1, No. 1 of Dialogue. 10 Hugh Nibley, An Approach to the Book of Mormon (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1957), and Lehi in the Desert and the World of the Jaredites (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1952). See also Bruce Warren's review of this latter volume in UAS Newsletter 27.0 June 1, 1955. "M. Wells Jakeman, Stela 5, Izapa Chiapas, Mexico: A Major Archaeological Discovery of the New World (University Archaeological Society, Special Publications No. 2, 1958). ROUNDTABLE: New World Archaeology/15 the artist had Lehi's vision in mind when he carved the stone. I don't know the answer to that one either, but then, neither does Jakeman, and his publication is more of a testimony as to what is not known that to what is known about Stela 5. As Nibley has pointed out12 in his own inimitable style, Jakeman errs at every turn in the publication. The basis of Jakeman's evidence is his own hand-drawn version13 from a photograph of the stone. He makes unsupported assumptions about the canons of ancient art; he fumbles over elements of the dream which are not included and items on the stone which have no place in the dream; he displays ignorance of his linguistic data and most unfortunately reverses the scholarly method by presenting his data with a rash of "evidentlys," "probablys," "appears," and "apparentlys" — but offers his conclusions as unarguable facts. As Nibley so appropriately puts it: Science does not arrive at its conclusions by syllogisms, and no people on earth deplore proof demonstration by syllogism more loudly than real archaeologists do. Yet Mr. Jakeman's study is nothing but an elaborate syllogistic stew. The only clear and positive thing about the whole study is the objective the author is determined to reach. With naive exuberance, he repeatedly announces that he has found "exactly what we would expect to find." Inevitably there emerges from this dim and jumbled relief exactly what Mr. Jakeman is looking for.14 Sorenson's article in this Roundtable, while partaking of the trait comparison syndrome, is considerably more sophisticated than those endeavors listed above. In the first place it is not the "trait" but rather the "traitcomplex" which is looked at, and, secondly, Sorenson's work is more for a belling of the Near East-New World diffusionist cat than a representation of his approach to Book of Mormon studies. Those of us who know him well also know that his ideas are much broader, and Sorenson himself has warned against uncontrolled trait comparisons.15 12 In a privately distributed review of Jakeman's Stela 5 publication. The author was present during much of this drawing period and can personally testify that plate 5 in Jakeman's Stela 5 publication was drawn from a photograph of the monument and not from the monument itself. That Jakeman's drawing is not accurate can be shown by careful comparison with the photograph (Plate 3) in his own publication and by comparison with drawings made of the stone itself by unbiased draftsmen. For example, Figure 14 in Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 2, (Robert Wachope, General Editor, University of Texas Press, 1965); also, a photograph of an artist's rendering in my personal collection and various drawings and detailed photographs in the possession of Mr. Garth Norman, who is completing a detailed analysis of the Izapan stone monuments for publication by the BYU-NWAF. Do not compare photo 109 in Ferguson's One Fold and One Shepard nor the plaster reproduction of Stela 5 in the BYU Archaeology Museum since Ferguson's photograph is of the cast and the cast itself has been altered by Jakeman after his interpretation. "See footnote 13. 16 See Sorenson's What Archaeology Can and Cannot Do for the Book of Mormon, mimeographed for private distribution, in which he cites the German scholar Kugler "who collected 17 pages of 'striking parallels' between the history of Louis IX of France and Gilgamesh, the Babylonian mythological hero. Surely this was enough to 'prove' that the two were identical if comparisons alone could turn the trick." 13 761 DIALOGUE: A Journal of Mormon Thought The gist of these overly brief reviews is that the Geographical-Historical Approach has proven to be essentially sterile. Among the morass of archaeological half-truths and falsehoods which we have perpetrated in the name of Book of Mormon archaeology, only Jakeman's suggestion of a limited geography and Sorenson's insistence on a cautious, highly controlled trait-complex approach are worth considering. The ink we have spilled on Book of Mormon archaeology has probably done more harm than good. I am not impressed with allegations that Book of Mormon archaeology converts people to the Church. My personal preference in Church members still runs to those who have a faith-inspired commitment to Jesus Christ, and if their testimonies need bolstering by "scientific proof" of the Book of Mormon (or anything else for that matter), I am prone to suggest that the basis of the testimony could stand some re-examination. Having spent a considerable portion of the past ten years functioning as a scientist dealing with New World archaeology, I find that nothing in so-called Book of Mormon archaeology materially affects my religious commitment one way or the other, and I do not see that the archaeological myths so common in our proselytizing program enhance the process of true conversion. THE BACK-DOOR APPROACH What I have chosen to call the Back-Door Approach is characteristic of the Brigham Young University New World Archaeological Foundation, an organization begun in the middle 1950's by Thomas S. Ferguson. It was eventually taken over by the Church and based at BYU, with a special Church committee under the direction of Elder Howard W. Hunter given jurisdiction over its direction and finances. Considerable embarrassment over the various unscholarly postures assumed by the geographical-historical school resulted in the Church Archaeological Committee's attitude that interpretation should be an individual matter, that is, that any archaeology officially sponsored by the Church (i.e., the monies for which are provided by tithing) should concern itself only with the culture history interpretations normally within the scope of archaeology, and any attempt at correlation or interpretation involving the Book of Mormon should be eschewed. This enlightened policy, much to the gratification of the true professional archaeologist both in and outside the Church, has been scrupulously followed. It was made quite plain to me in 1963 when I was first employed by the BYU-NWAF that my opinions with regard to Book of Mormon archaeology were to be kept to myself, and my field report was to be kept entirely from any such references. I welcomed the instruction as refreshing after my earlier days at BYU when everything the archaeology department did had to be "scripturally" related. Some of my colleagues and students, both in and out of the Church, have wondered if perhaps the real reason for the Church's involvement in archaeology (especially since it is centered in Mesoamerica with emphasis on the Preclassic period) is to help prove the Book of Mormon. While this may represent the individual thinking of some members of the Church Archae- ROUNDTABLE: New World Archaeology/77 ological Committee, it has not intruded itself on the work of the foundation except to limit its activities to the preclassic cultures of Mesoamerica. Regardless of individual or group motives, however, the approach of the BYUNWAF has been outstandingly successful. My numerous non-Church colleagues in Mesoamerican archaeology hold high regard for the'work of the foundation and for most of its staff. Gareth Lowe, director of the BYU-NWAF, is as good a Mesoamerican archaeologist as there is in the country, and the foundation's outstanding publication series (which never mentions the Book of Mormon) consistently received good reviews in the professional literature. Just how much the foundation is doing to advance the cause of Book of Mormon archaeology depends on one's point of view about Book of Mormon archaeology. There have been no spectacular finds (from the Book of Mormon point of view), no Zarahemlas discovered, no gold plates brought to light, no horses uncovered, and King Benjamin's tomb remains unexcavated. But the rewards to the Church of the foundation's work, while a little elusive to the layman and the "seekers after a sign," will prove to be considerable in the perspective of history. THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH In assessing the future relationship of the Book of Mormon to archaeology, one must first consider how long it will take us to rid ourselves of the unfortunate myths we have built up around the relationship. For the general Church membership my prognosis is unfortunately pessimistic. However, some rays of hope can occasionally be seen, and perhaps a mention of what I consider to be the areas which most need changing will help. The first myth we need to eliminate is that Book of Mormon archaeology exists. Titles on books full of archaeological half-truths, dilettanti on the peripheries of American archaeology calling themselves Book of Mormon archaeologists regardless of their education, and a Department of Archaeology at BYU16 devoted to the production of Book of Mormon archaeologists17 do not insure that Book of Mormon archaeology really exists. If one is to study Book of Mormon archaeology, then one must have a corpus of data with which to deal. We do not. The Book of Mormon is really there so one can have Book of Mormon studies, and archaeology is really there so one can study archaeology, but the two are not wed. At least they are not wed in reality since no Book of Mormon location is known with reference to modern topography. Biblical archaeology can be studied because we do know where Jerusalem and Jericho were and are, but we do not know where "Fortunately now changed to the Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, with such qualified men as Merlin Myers, Ray T. Matheny, and Dale Berge giving students a sound and realistic education in anthropology. "With the single exception of Ross T. Christensen, no individual ever educated in the former BYU Archaeology Department considers himself a Book of Mormon Archaelogist. In fact, most of those who graduated have not pursued careers in anthopology nor its subdiscipline archaeology, and those few of us who have become professionals have consistently found our early BYU training highly inadequate and the points of view expressed there largely uninformed and sterile. 78/DIALOGUE: A Journal of Mormon Thought Zarahemla and Bountiful (nor any other location for that matter) were or are. It would seem then that a concentration on geography should be the first order of business, but we have already seen that twenty years of such an approach has left us empty-handed. Another myth which needs dispelling is our Lamanite syndrome. Most American Indians are neither descendants of Laman nor necessarily of Book of Mormon peoples. The Book itself makes no such claim, and there is ample evidence in the archaeological record to show that this hemisphere was widely populated by peoples of Asiatic stock crossing the Bering Strait long before Book of Mormon peoples were supposed to have arrived on the scene. Furthermore, how many other kinds of peoples (see Cyrus Gordon's article in this Roundtable) may have reached the New World is unknown. Actually, the current usage of the term "Lamanite" by the Church membership is most unfortunate. It has racial overtones, subtle though they may be, and is coupled with a general meaning denoting cultural and spiritual inferiority. The term is rightfully resented by American Indians in or out of the Church. Technically, if we stick to Book of Mormon usage of the term, especially in the closing centuries of that record, we find that it applies to those individuals who were not partakers of the gospel. Hence, it was the equivalent of our term, gentile. An American Indian, therefore, who is a member of the L.D.S. Church cannot be a "Lamanite" since he has presumably accepted the gospel, and genealogically there is no assurance that he is a descendant of Laman. After all, many who were not genealogical descendants of Laman survived the last battle.18 Early in the Book of Mormon account the terms Nephite and Lamanite had genealogical significance, but they soon dropped that meaning for a cultural one meant to separate members of the ancient church from anyone else, regardless of his parentage. Our continual misuse of the term has unfortunately helped perpetuate myths about the cultural heritage of the American Indian. Finally, I should like to lay at rest the myth that by scurrying around Latin America looking for horses and wheels we can prove the Book of Mormon.19 The mention of the wheel in the Book of Mormon and finding wheeled toy vehicles in Mexico is not proof of the Book. The mention of horses in the Book of Mormon and finding petroglyphs of horses (especially the ones with Spanish saddles) carved on stone in the southwestern United States is not proof of the Book. The mention of "fine linen" in the Book of Mormon and finding beautifully woven textiles in Peru is not proof of the Book. The mention of roads in the Book of Mormon and the finding of the YaxunaCoba sacbe in Yucatan is not proof of the Book. I sometimes get the depressing feeling that every member of the Church who has taken a Cook's tour "Doctrine and Covenants, Section 3, Verses 16-18. "See for example a recent article by Jack E. Jarrard and Paul R. Cheesman in the Church News, April 26, 1969. The article in general is a good example of the geographicalhistorical approach. It is vague where it should be positive and positive where it should be vague. It contains such obviously erroneous statements as "The culture (sic) . . . called Monte Alba (sic) . . . is a composite of Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Mixtec, and Aztec." ROUNDTABLE: New World Archaeology]79 to Latin America, seen three pyramids, read two travel guides, and unlimbered his 35mm camera on some unsuspecting "Lamanite" returns as an expert on Book of Mormon archaeology with pocketsfull of "proof" seen by his own eyes. Rest assured that we are not accumulating a great flood of "proof" or "evidence" which will in a few years burst the dam of seculaf resistance to the Book of Mormon and flood Zion with hordes of people demanding baptism. True personal commitment to the gospel of Jesus Christ (even among Mormons) comes by very different avenues. CULTURAL HISTORY: AN ALTERNA TIVE What then, ought to be our approach to the Book of Mormon? In the first place it is a highly complex record demanding knowledge of a wide variety of anthropological skills from archaeology through ethnology to linguistics and culture change, with perhaps a little physical anthropology thrown in for good measure. No one man outside the Church, much less anyone inside, has command of the necessary information. Furthermore, it isn't just the accumulation of knowledge and skill which is important; the framework in which it is applied must fit. Such a framework can be found only by viewing the Book of Mormon against a picture of New World culture history drawn by the entire discipline of anthropology. Singling out archaeology, a sub-discipline of anthropology, to carry the burden, especially in the naive manner employed by our "Book of Mormon Archaeologists," has resulted in a lopsided promulgation of archaeological myth. The Book after all purports to be a history of people, not of things, and archaeology recovers things (artifacts). Artifacts are made by people and as such have some things to say about the way people behave. But the interpretation of what artifacts can tell us about people is dependent on a broad, functionally integrated view of the whole way of life of a people. This is the provenience of anthropology. This is what anthropology is all about and what anthropologists care about. They seek to understand man and his culture, in all their complexity, and to arrive at generalizations about man's behavior and how it changes. Anthropologists' concerns and values are not unrelated to those of the gospel of Jesus Christ. In fact, they are very germaine. We have never looked at the Book of Mormon in a cultural context. We have mined its pages for doctrine, counsel, and historical events but failed to treat it as a cultural document which can teach something about the inclusive life patterns of a people.20 And if we are ever to show a relationship between the Book of Mormon and the New World, this step will have to be taken. It is the coincidence of the cultural history of the Book of Mormon with the cultural history of the New World that will tip the scales in our favor. To trace accumulation of this trait and that trait willy-nilly around the New World is a blind alley. We are not about to uncover a sign tomorrow 20 Nibley is the only scholar who has ever approached this concept for the Old World portion of the record. The major effort needed with regard to the New World is represented by only four brief working papers prepared several years ago by John Sorenson.

<issue_start><issue_comment>Title: luarocks: 3.0.4 -> 3.1.3 username_0: <!-- Nixpkgs has a lot of new incoming Pull Requests, but not enough people to review this constant stream. Even if you aren't a committer, we would appreciate reviews of other PRs, especially simple ones like package updates. Just testing the relevant package/service and leaving a comment saying what you tested, how you tested it and whether it worked would be great. List of open PRs: <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pulls>, for more about reviewing contributions: <https://hydra.nixos.org/job/nixpkgs/trunk/manual/latest/download/1/nixpkgs/manual.html#sec-reviewing-contributions>. Reviewing isn't mandatory, but it would help out a lot and reduce the average time-to-merge for all of us. Thanks a lot if you do! --> ###### Motivation for this change ###### Things done <!-- Please check what applies. Note that these are not hard requirements but merely serve as information for reviewers. --> - [X] Tested using sandboxing ([nix.useSandbox](http://nixos.org/nixos/manual/options.html#opt-nix.useSandbox) on NixOS, or option `sandbox` in [`nix.conf`](http://nixos.org/nix/manual/#sec-conf-file) on non-NixOS) - Built on platform(s) - [X] NixOS - [ ] macOS - [ ] other Linux distributions - [X] Tested via one or more NixOS test(s) if existing and applicable for the change (look inside [nixos/tests](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/tests)) - [X] Tested compilation of all pkgs that depend on this change using `nix-shell -p nix-review --run "nix-review wip"`- I ran this command but I don't think all Lua packages were rebuild so I'm not sure about this one. - [X] Tested execution of all binary files (usually in `./result/bin/`) - [ ] Determined the impact on package closure size (by running `nix path-info -S` before and after) - [X] Assured whether relevant documentation is up to date - [X] Fits [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md). Also: Updated `darwin.patch` for new version of the patched file. --- <issue_comment>username_1: It seems this is already updated on master? <issue_comment>username_2: This fails for me non-nixos linux x86_64 ``` building '/nix/store/a79j22ib4b1ynd5qn5f2vi4hfimid4k6-luarocks-nix-3.1.3.drv'... unpacking sources unpacking source archive /nix/store/bdia5298mxqqxgz7i0pv0z70821629gh-source source root is source patching sources applying patch /nix/store/djx2aqx0rdwbp4kaw45ga8xgd9759dpj-darwin-3.0.x.patch patching file src/luarocks/core/cfg.lua Hunk #1 FAILED at 425. Hunk #2 succeeded at 436 (offset 2 lines). 1 out of 2 hunks FAILED -- saving rejects to file src/luarocks/core/cfg.lua.rej builder for '/nix/store/a79j22ib4b1ynd5qn5f2vi4hfimid4k6-luarocks-nix-3.1.3.drv' failed with exit code 1 ``` <issue_comment>username_0: Thanks for catching that @username_1 , @Shados was faster then me :) Closing. <issue_comment>username_1: Yeah we can sometimes have competing PR's since people round here are pretty attentive.

<filename>flexmark-ext-gfm-users/src/main/java/com/vladsch/flexmark/ext/gfm/users/package-info.java<gh_stars>1000+ package com.vladsch.flexmark.ext.gfm.users;

Rules Activities (Kinder – 2nd Grade) Engage your primary students in Rules thinking with an iconic activity bundle. This Depth and Complexity resource includes six activity pages including read-aloud suggestions and discussion questions to get your students thinking critically about Rules across the curriculum. FREE! Story Analysis (Grades 2-5)Rated 5.00 out of 5$0.00 Add to cart ELA Ponder: Jack and the Beanstalk (Kinder – 2nd Grade)$2.00 Add to cart Middle School ELA Lesson Plan: Making Connections$3.00 Add to cart Depth and Complexity Icon Sheets (Kinder – 3rd Grade)$3.00 Add to cart Reading Bookmark (Grades 2-6)$3.00 Add to cart

All students entering grades 6, 7, and 8 are responsible for completing the following work during the summer. This work will be collected, graded, and counted towards your first quarter grade. Students may choose two books from the 2018 Summer Reading Suggestions found below or any book that is found on www.arbookfind.com. These are only suggestions. For computer access and to borrow reading materials visit one of the Cranston Public Libraries. After reading each book, choose two questions from the list below. Each response should be at least two paragraphs and the questions should be answered using evidence from the texts. This assignment should be completed for the first day of school and will count as two quiz grades. One grade for each book. Here is the Assignment: Choose two questions to answer about each book. Choose different questions for each book you read. Dialogue: An author uses dialogue for many reasons. A few are: to forward the action, show what a character is like, set the mood or tone of the piece, provide information, etc. Flashback: General term for altering time sequences, often giving the end result first and then going back in time to tell how the ending happened. Foreshadowing: An author’s deliberate use of hints or suggestions to give a preview of events or themes that do not develop until later in the narrative. Images such as a storm brewing or a crow landing on a fence post often foreshadow ominous/bad developments in a story. Hyperbole: An excessive overstatement or conscious exaggeration of fact. “I’ve told you that a million times already” is a hyperbolic statement. Imagery: Language and descriptions that bring to mind sensory impressions. For example: The room was dark and gloomy. -The words “dark” and “gloomy” are visual images. The river was roaring in the mountains. – The word “roaring” appeals to our sense of hearing. Irony: Broadly speaking, irony is a device that emphasizes the contrast between the way things are expected to be and the way they actually are. A historical example of irony might be the fact that people in medieval Europe believed bathing would harm them when in fact not bathing led to the unsanitary conditions that caused the bubonic plague. Metaphor: The comparison of one thing to another that does not use the terms “like” or “as.” Personification: The use of human characteristics to describe animals, things, or ideas. Carl Sandburg’s poem “Chicago” describes the city as “Stormy, husky, brawling / City of the Big Shoulders.” Sarcasm: A verbal form of irony (see above) in which it is obvious from context and tone that the speaker means the opposite of what he or she says. Saying “That was graceful” when someone trips and falls is an example of sarcasm. Sensory description: Descriptions that use the senses – sight, smell, touch, hearing, taste. Simile: A comparison of two things through the use of the words like or as. The title of Robert Burns’s poem “My Love Is Like a Red, Red Rose” is a simile. Vocabulary: An author’s choice of words often evokes feelings. Example: “horrendous accident” – horrendous makes the reader feel more horrified than if the author wrote “bad accident” or “small accident”. Vocabulary sets the mood and tone of the writing. Laurie Halse Anderson Mary Downing Hahn Walter Dean Myers Margaret Peterson Haddix

Definition - What does Mnemonic mean? Techopedia explains Mnemonic In assembly language, mnemonics are used to specify an opcode that represents a complete and operational machine language instruction. This is later translated by the assembler to generate the object code. For example, the mnemonic MOV is used in assembly language for copying and moving data between registers and memory locations.

Hypoxia is a condition that occurs when the blood’s oxygen content is lower than normal. It can occur in both animals and humans. Hypoxia causes a number of health problems, ranging from vision and neurological disorders to organ failure. Hypoxia is a condition in which the oxygen level of the blood is lower than normal. Hypoxia is usually caused by inadequate oxygen supply to the body. The most common and obvious sign of hypoxia is blue skin. However, if you do not use your eyes to assess the situation, you might not notice the condition. There are often subtle and non-obvious signs that hypoxia is present. Which organ is most sensitive to hypoxia? Hypoxia is defined as lack of oxygen supply in tissues or cells. Oxygen deprivation is one of the most dangerous conditions for living organisms, as it leads to many health problems such as heart attack, coma and death. In general, hypoxia occurs when there is an inadequate amount of oxygen supply in tissues or cells. It may occur as a result of inadequate blood flow or low blood oxygen levels, leading to cellular damage and ultimately death. The brain is most sensitive to hypoxia because it has high demands of oxygen supply and needs it constantly. However, any part of the body can be affected by hypoxia if there is insufficient oxygen supply. If your heart or brain stops working properly due to hypoxia, you will die immediately. Other organs that are most sensitive to hypoxia include kidney, liver and spleen. However, they can also be affected if there is insufficient blood flow or low blood oxygen levels. Can a person recover from hypoxia? Yes, this is a condition that can occur to any person. When you are suffering from hypoxia then your brain does not get enough oxygen to process messages from the body. This occurs when there is a shortage of oxygen or hypoxia. A person should have more air movement in the body than normal. What are the four stages of hypoxia? Hypoxia is a condition in which there is insufficient oxygen supply to body tissues. Oxygen is carried to all parts of the body by blood. Blood carries oxygen to all the cells and tissues of the body. The levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood are carefully controlled by lungs. When the level of oxygen in air is low, the lungs work extra hard to take in more. When there is more demand for oxygen, the blood vessels in the lungs expand. The increased blood flow brings more oxygen to the blood. How long does it take to recover from hypoxia? Hypoxia is a condition in which the body has insufficient oxygen. Hypoxia happens when a body is exposed to a lower level than normal of oxygen-rich blood. Whenever this happens, the body’s oxygen-consuming process will consequently proceed, and the body will likewise experience less oxygen. Hypoxia can likewise happen in individuals when they aren’t breathing sufficiently great air. On the off chance that the body endures a sufficiently long period of hypoxia, the heart will no longer be able to pump blood effectively. For example, in the event that your heart can’t pump blood adequately, the heart may turn out to be blocked. This can harm the heart muscle, which can prompt heart failure. Hypoxia additionally causes the heart to pump inadequately, which can prompt heart disappointment. Hypoxia and different sorts of hypoxia prompt diverse symptoms, as well. How is hypoxia detected? The air in a room is filled with nitrogen molecules, oxygen molecules and carbon dioxide. And the human nose can detect these three gases but not the fourth gas – carbon dioxide. The concentration of nitrogen molecule inside the room is 1%. Oxygen molecule concentration in ambient air is 21% whereas carbon dioxide concentration in ambient air is 0.042%. In case of low oxygen level then it will take 5 minutes for an adult to detect it. However if we add a higher concentration of nitrogen and lower amount of oxygen then in 15 seconds you can have hypoxia which results in loss of consciousness followed by rapid cardiac arrest due to lack of blood supply to organs and brain. What are three symptoms of hypoxia? Three symptoms of hypoxia are headache, heart palpitations and dizziness. If the patient has more than one symptom he can have life-threatening problems like loss of consciousness or loss of motor skills like walking. If we look at the answer to all three symptoms together; then it will help us to get a correct picture and diagnosis which we cannot miss. How do you know if you have lack of oxygen? This problem is known as hypoxia or oxygen deficiency. In case your body lacks oxygen it may lead to some serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, coma etc. Lack of oxygen may happen due to many reasons like breathing problems, high altitude etc. Lack of oxygen may also occur due to diseases like heart attack or cancer. When you are breathing air that is polluted by allergens or other pollutants it affects your body’s ability to absorb oxygen from the air you are breathing. If your body lacks oxygen it may lead to many serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, coma etc. What Are The Late Signs Of Hypoxia? 1) The Late Signs of Hypoxia. This is when a person stops breathing properly. If you check this symptoms you may have the heart attack caused due to low oxygen. 2) The most important signs are as follows: When the child gets sick, if he/she has symptoms such as difficulty in breathing, fever, lack of energy, rapid heartbeat or muscle weakness it means that a hypoxic attack (oxygen deficiency) occurred. Symptoms often occur after hours or days and can last from 24 hours to weeks depending on what caused the problem and your age. What is silent hypoxia? Silent hypoxic is the condition in which a person does not experience symptoms but suffers permanent damage to the lungs. It can happen because of exposure to high altitudes, or because of exposure to low oxygen concentrations, such as in caves. What is a graveyard stall? Graveyard stalls or graveyard crossings are unnecessary overheads that arise when you have a broad overhead. For example, by permitting shoppers to take as much as they need before they pay for it, you lose the capacity to track the merchandise and your administration focuses can’t deal with the merchandise. In case you’re permitting free benefit, there are additionally issues with your stockroom and workers dealing with extra items as they enter the store. The abandoned items are additionally an obstacle to individuals who need to utilize your space and represent you well. At all costs, you ought not to utilize a graveyard stall or leave your stockroom open on the grounds that it puts your stockroom and your customers in danger. What are the 4 stages of hypoxia? The 4 stages of hypoxia are: 2. Mild Hypoxia 3. Moderate Hypoxia What are the four stages of hypoxia? Hypoxia is a decrease in the amount of oxygen in the blood. There are four stages of hypoxia: 1. Stage 1: A decrease is the amount of oxygen in the blood is observed. 2. Stage 2: There is a further decrease in the amount of oxygen in the blood. 3. Stage 3: The decrease in the amount of oxygen in the blood is considerably increased. 4. Stage 4: The decrease in the amount of oxygen in the blood continues and continues. Question: What is the function of bicarbonate in neutralization of acid? Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen ions (H+) are the two main reactants involved in neutralization of acid. Carbon dioxide reacts easily with hydrogen ions to produce carbonic acid. To neutralize the acid, the carbonic acid must be changed to water. What are the late signs and symptoms of hypoxia? Hypoxia occurs at an altitude above 8000 feet (2400 m), when oxygen levels drop to the point where the brain and other body organs stop functioning. One symptom of hypoxia includes dizziness, headache, drowsiness, slowness in physical movements or speaking, nausea and a feeling of impending doom. The signs of hypoxia include light-headedness and confusion. What are the long term effects of hypoxia? As the levels of CO2 in the blood drop under chronic conditions (like a long term or repeated exposure to this, it is sometimes called hypoxia and results in a condition called altitude sickness. In severe cases it can be fatal. But there are some ways to prevent this kind of occurrence like consuming foods that have high amount of sodium, salt or using supplements that will help you breathe more air. In conclusion INS Noon All-Star Games Live Stream IPL 2020 20th Match (At 4 PM) held between Chennai Super Kings (CSK) vs Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) cricket match today at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai at 14th August 2020 (today at 4 PM) Bhavishyavani live telecast starting at 4 PM India Time (8 AM). I hope my answer is clear for everyone who want answer about this question . If not let me know in comments below . You can contact me anytime by sending me my mail id . I will give my answer as soon as possible as possible . Thanks for reading this article . Good Luck .!!!!!!!!!!

Here is my desk ..... Good innit?!! Actually, I am working on removing, clearing, s orting, reducing these boxes. I shop for my fruit and veg at a market store and my purchases are placed in a box on the trolley for ease, then the box goes in the boot of the car, the fruit and veg is unpacked when we get home and ..... and .... before I know it ..... the box is filled with craft materials and in the craft room! These boxes stack neatly and have small holes on the ends for handles so they are very manoeuvreable .... I did think of covering them with paper and paint ......... mixed media sortof thing ........... then I thought NO! .... CHUCK 'EM OUT! I don't know if you can see the shelving just to the right of the brown box! Lots of empty containers, neatly stacked, waiting to be filled with papers and embellishments. I can't get to them because of the boxes .... sounds familiar? So today is a good day for emptying boxes .... not only that .... it's rubbish day tomorrow and I would love to contribute in a big way!!! Have a good week .... I will be late in visiting ...... Hi Chris, us crafters and our storage, eh? We are a mad lot, lol. Have a great week, Hugs, Shaz #37 xx Funny how we can't throw anything out, I don't have too many boxes and the few I have fit underneath a drawer unit. Happy 300th Jan S. No 49 I could easily turn into a craft supply hoarder, so good for you. Happy WOYWW #300! Sandy Leigh #58 good luck with the purging of the boxes... we save so many things that sometimes you just have to let go, lol!! (talking to myself really...) Helen 5 I'm a boxaholic :-) - DH says I can't possibly find a space for more - I just smile sweetly. Happy WOYWW Anne x #38 Sorry for arriving so late - been busy day!! Oh! The never ending sort out! You will get there …and then you will do it all again another time……or is that just me? lol! Chrisx44 Hi Christine, happy 300th WOYWW - a good clean out is in order for my cupboard too - much to easy to pile stuff on top and close the door. Cheers RobynO#14 Good luck on your clean up in your space hope lots went out to make you more room hugs Nikki 1 Happy Late WOYWW 300 too

Microsoft Office Tutorials and References In Depth Information Formatting Paragraphs and Characters To Save a Document You should organize and store i les in folders so that you easily can i nd the i les later. For example, if you are taking an introductory computer class called CIS 101, a good practice would be to save all Word i les in a Word folder in a CIS 101 folder. For a discussion of folders and detailed examples of creating folders, refer to the Ofi ce 2010 and Windows 7 chapter at the beginning of this topic. You have performed many tasks while creating this l yer and do not want to risk losing work completed thus far. Accordingly, you should save the document. The following steps assume you already have created folders for storing your i les, for example, a CIS 101 folder (for your class) that contains a Word folder (for your assignments). Thus, these steps save the document in the Word folder in the CIS 101 folder on a USB l ash drive using the i le name, Found Dog Flyer. For a detailed example of the procedure summarized below, refer to the Ofi ce 2010 and Windows 7 chapter at the beginning of this topic. With a USB l ash drive connected to one of the computer’s USB ports, click the Save button on the Quick Access Toolbar to display the Save As dialog box. Type Found Dog Flyer in the File name text box to change the i le name. Do not press the ENTER key after typing the i le name because you do not want to close the dialog box at this time. Navigate to the desired save location (in this case, the Word folder in the CIS 101 folder [or your class folder] on the USB l ash drive). Click the Save button (Save As dialog box) to save the document in the selected folder on the selected drive with the entered i le name. Formatting Paragraphs and Characters With the text for the l yer entered, the next step is to format , or change the appearance of, its text. A paragraph encompasses the text from the i rst character in the paragraph up to and including its paragraph mark (¶). Paragraph formatting is the process of changing the appearance of a paragraph. For example, you can center or add bullets to a paragraph. Characters include letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and symbols. Character formatting is the process of changing the way characters appear on the screen and in print. You use character formatting to emphasize certain words and improve readability of a document. For example, you can color or underline characters. Often, you apply both paragraph and character formatting to the same text. For example, you may center a paragraph (paragraph formatting) and underline some of the characters in the same paragraph (character formatting). Although you can format paragraphs and characters before you type, many Word users enter text i rst and then format the existing text. Figure 1–11a shows the l yer in this chapter before formatting its paragraphs and characters. Figure 1–11b shows the l yer after formatting. As you can see from the two i gures, a document that is formatted is easier to read and looks more professional. The following pages discuss how to format the l yer so that it looks like Figure 1–11b. Characters that appear on the screen are a specii c shape and size. The font , or typeface, dei nes the appearance and shape of the letters, numbers, and special characters. In Word, the default font usually is Calibri (shown in Figure 1–12 on page WD 14). You can leave characters in the default font or change them to a different font. Font size specii es the size of the characters and is determined by a measurement system called points. A single point is about 1/72 of one inch in height. The default font size in Word typically is 11 (Figure 1–12). Thus, a character with a font size of 11 is about 11/72 or a little less than 1/6 of one inch in height. You can increase or decrease the font size of characters in a document. A document theme is a set of unii ed formats for fonts, colors, and graphics. Word includes a variety of document themes to assist you with coordinating these visual elements in a document. The default theme fonts are Cambria for headings and Calibri for body text. By changing the document theme, you quickly can give your document a new look. You also can dei ne your own document themes.

Raphael Farlough '08 scored 18 points in 22 minutes off the bench to lead Whittier College to a 71-38 victory over the California Institute of Technology in Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference play in Pasadena, Calif. on February 10. The Poets are now 9-12 overall and 3-7 in the SCIAC. Farlough returned to the line-up for the first time since being sidelined due to illness in early January. He also had five rebounds and three steals in the game. Marcus Gibson '09 and Jeff McLean '09 each added eleven points. The Poets held a 23-17 at halftime with both teams shooting poorly in the first half. The Poets picked up the slack in the second half, shooting an exceptional 65.4 percent from the field and 44 percent from behind the three-point line in the second. The Poets forced 19 turnovers and held the Beavers to just 22 percent shooting from the field in the game. Whittier also held a 41-27 rebounding edge in the game.

Every month I miss out on What's Up Wednesday because of Recipe Club, so today's post can be considered either really late for last month or really early for next month :) What We're Eating This Week This week we're eating Crockpot Lasagna and we're also eating out for Dave's Dad's birthday. (Hello, clean kitchen!!!) I've also been eating WAY too much candy corn and peanuts. What I'm Reminiscing About This week I've been reminiscing about all things pumpkin patch. I will NEVER forget the first year that Dave and I took Luke to the pumpkin patch and it was a muddy DISASTER! I had picturesque fantasies of sunny skies, crisp breezes and adorable pumpkin pictures... and instead we got mud and an uncooperative 18 month old ;) #momlife The next year I was pregnant with Mason and we skipped the patch and headed to the arboretum instead. I remember being SO HOT and a smidge hormonal and after chasing around a toddler all morning trying to get the perfect pumpkin picture (BECAUSE ALL PREGNANT MAMA WANTED WAS A CUTE PUMPKIN PIC!), my favorite picture from the day ended up being this one I snapped in the parking lot :) What I'm Loving I'm loving this leather wrap bracelet from Freed Outfitters. If you love it to be sure to check out my Instagram today! There MAY be a giveaway happening!!! :) What We've Been Up To Lots of things including a trip to the dentist yesterday for Luke. Mason and I have cleanings on Thursday, but we got to watch Luke do his like a CHAMP yesterday! He was so excited to show the dentist his lost tooth and his loose tooth next to it. Such a big boy! And Mason's day was made by a set of green vampire teeth (and mine was made when he popped them in and crossed his eyes. I mean!) What I'm Dreading Another day in the heat! BOO!!! It's supposed to be 97 degrees today. MAKE IT STOP!!! What I'm Working On Christmas cards! Christmas cards! Christmas cards! WOO HOO What I'm Excited About Pumpkinville starts this week! MCA runs the cutest little pumpkin patch EVER and I love volunteering, taking the kids up there to play and supporting the school all at the same time. If you're local, be sure to check out Pumpkinville at Tucker Hill! It's free and so fun! What I'm Watching/Reading I'm LOVING The Voice and Nashville! I kind of lose interest in The Voice after the audition episodes, but the auditions are great :) What I'm Listening To I've been on an Anthem Lights kick this week. So good! And this has been our kitchen dance party song of choice... What I'm Wearing Like everyone else, I am LOVING all things plaid for Fall. I love a good button down, BUT I tend to lean toward things that are a little less standard and a little more unique. I picked up this plaid tunic and am loving the longer length in the back and the ruffle! It's perfect for Fall and still a bit quirky :) It's sized generously and I'm in a small and it's nice and flowy. What I'm Doing This Weekend Harvest Party! WOO HOO!!! This was our crew last year, and I can't wait to see all the cute kiddos dressed up again this year! What I'm Looking Forward To Next Month Ummmm.... everything! Open windows, pie, Thanksgiving break, annnndddd..... getting Christmas decorations out! EEEEK! So, what's up with you this Wednesday??? :) PS - this post contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on a link and purchase an item I may receive a small commission. THANK YOU! And...that plaid is MCA colors so win-win!!! right!?!?!? And way cuter than our staff shirts :) hahaha I agree so SICK of the heat, it's still pretty warm in alabama too! I loved the clean kitchen comment, I can totally relate that's my least favorite part of cooking. Absolutely love a cover from Anthem Lights, boyce avenue is fantastic for covers too! Linds @ Not A Mom LOVE Boyce Avenue!!! And there is nothing better than not having to clean the kitchen after you put the kids to bed, right? :) I can totally relate to the all-mama-wants-is-a-cute-picture! Picture worthy events are so much more fun once I have my pictures and the picture stress is gone. Yeah, I don't sound crazy at all! ;) And I am sooo excited for Christmas decor as well! Not at all! :) I try not to stress over getting a good one... but pregnant Andrea definitely did. hahaha Andrea! I'm so glad you did this post today!! And Mason with the green teeth is my new favorite pic EVER! So funny! I'm telling you - that pic is going to end up on something for you :) MAKE THE HEAT STAHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHP! If I'm annoyed, I know you probably down right panicking. :) Love that plaid shirt on you! Full. On. Panic. I feel like I'm going to blink and it's going to be summer again! I just want to wear a coat!!! Those past pumpkin patch pictures of Luke are adorable! And Mason with those teeth - so funny because I just snapped a pic of my son wearing an orange pair! Sugar is also our dance party song of choice :) Lizzie Such a good dance party song!!! ;) I have never watched The Voice before, but I'm so sucked in. Amazing singing. I have many favorites. I look forward to Mon. and Tues. nights and finally sitting down with my bowl of popcorn. :) It's so good!!! The coaches this year are a great dynamic which makes it fun! I am so over this heat! I was giddy when I looked at the extended forecast for us here in NC and saw its going to be 37 Sunday morning ! Hallelujah!!!! 37?!?!?! AWESOME!!! Enjoy, girly! I've never heard of Pumpkinville at Tucker Hill I am going to have to check them out, I'm always looking for something to take my girls to for Fall. And, I am so enjoying this warm weather we have been having, I'm not a fan of the cold weather so to me its a great time to be living here in Texas with the warmer temps. I just don't like to sweat. hahaha Which is a problem considering I live in Dallas :) You should definitely check out Pumpkinville... I think they have entertainment and hay rides and stuff onthe weekends as well. I haven't looked at the calendar, but they normally do. Let me know what you think if tou go! This comment has been removed by the author. AAAAAH, I saw this post in my feed and I thought, DID I MISS IT?! Is it really time for What's Up Wednesday?! Glad to see that wasn't the case! Hahahaha. Can't wait to see what you do with your house for Christmas this year... your décor from last year was gorgeous! Not time yet... I'm just not on the ball :) hahaha I'm going to have to try that crock pot lasagna! I love lasagna, but the homemade kind I make is super time consuming! Thanks for sharing! It's sooooooo good! Let me know what you think if you try it!

I was about to edit my comment but on second reading of your first comment I realized I probably misunderstood what you were saying. I read your original comment as saying " there were conditions in the deal that would have made Trump pulling out the troops along the same timeline have a different result and Biden just got rid of those conditions" and not saying that those conditions had not been met and that was the reason the pull out went wrong. I see now that probably what you were implying at all. my bad

Just like with any industry, there is always an eye to the future. This also rings true regarding the future of petroleum engineering. In the March issue of the Journal of Petroleum Technology (JPT), an article titled “Exploring the Deep Earth and Deep Space: What role does the petroleum industry play?” dove deep into the subject. The article has interesting points about the future of petroleum engineering in space including how exciting hydrocarbon discoveries of mind-bending quantities are being made in the far reaches of our solar system and even in our own Milky Way galaxy. It also references a new paper by scientists on NASA’s Cassini-Huygens mission, which finds that blocks of hydrocarbon ice might float upon the surface of existing lakes and seas of liquid methane, and ethane on Saturn’s largest moon, Titan. Keeping alive the interplay between advances in understanding deep Earth, deep space, and the needs of the petroleum industry may lead us to a future shaped more by the intersection of these pursuits. What do you think? Would you take your career to space? Send us a note to energyed@SPE.org if you would like a copy of the article. According to a new forecast by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the United States will overtake Saudi Arabia to become the world’s biggest oil producer before 2020 and will be energy independent 10 years later. The U.S. is experiencing an oil boom in large part thanks to high world prices and new technologies, including hydraulic fracturing, according to the report, that have made the extraction of oil and gas from shale rock commercially viable. “The United States, which currently imports around 20% of its total energy needs, becomes all but self sufficient in net terms — a dramatic reversal of the trend seen in most other energy importing countries,” the IEA stated. Iraq is set to become the second largest oil exporter by the 2030s, as it expands output to take advantage of demand from fast growing Asian economies. Read the IEA report in the World Energy Outlook HERE. What are your thought s on this projection? What does this news mean in your part of the world? How will it affect you? Author: Anthony Darby; Published: Nov 9, 2012; Category: Energy Education, Volunteering; Tags: activities, classroom, energy education, Energy4me, Petroleum, SPE, STEM, Teachers, Volunteer, volunteers; Comments: Comments Off Did you know that Energy4me energy education events are held globally in conjunction with events, SPE sections, and SPE student chapters? Below is more information on upcoming Energy4me workshops and activities! Get involved! Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference (ADIPEC) 2012 –http://www.spe.org/events/adipec/2012/pages/schedule/young_members.php Education Week – 9-13 November 2012: This four day programme is for the benefit of the best undergraduate geosciences and engineering students from international institutions. It is anticipated that some 60-80 students will be selected to attend the program. Students’ expenses will be fully covered through sponsorships. The purpose of this programme is to give the students a clear insight into the industry that they are about to join; to allow them to return to their universities and colleges with a positive story to relate to their fellow students; and to provide opportunities for students to form new friendships and to work together on joint activities. Teachers Workshop – 13 November 2012: Teachers’ workshop will be focused on educating the teachers about the energy world. SPE will ensure that educators will receive comprehensive, objective information about the scientific concepts of energy and its importance while discovering the world of oil and natural gas exploration and production. A variety of free instructional materials will be available to take back to the classroom. Education Day – 14 November 2012: Education Day is an initiative to introduce students to the discipline of petroleum engineering, and the industry in general. Targeting High School Students, (Grade 10 to Grade 12), invited industry professionals will share their experience with students and deliver talks on topics of general interest and relevance to the industry. The students will be given free access to the exhibition area during ADIPEC. They will be able to see firsthand the high end technology used by engineers and the sophisticated software available for solving many engineering problems. It is hoped that they will leave the conference with a better understanding of what petroleum engineers do and their role in the broader community. Equally important, they will also become aware that a petroleum engineering career is full of challenges, teamwork and responsibilities. Additionally, there will be “Education Days” at the below upcoming SPE events: SPE Middle East Unconventional Gas Conference and Exhibition (UGAS) 28-30 January 2013 – http://www.spe.org/events/ugas/2013/index.php SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference (MEOS) 10-13 March 2013 – http://www.imexmanagement.com/show/70/meos-2013/ Author: Anthony Darby; Published: Oct 18, 2012; Category: Classroom materials, Energy Education; Tags: Children, Classroom Instruction, Education, Energy, energy education, Energy4me, Environment, oil, Petroleum, science, SPE, STEM, students, Teachers; Comments: Comments Off Guest blog by Jeannine Huffman, CTE Energy & Design Instructor, San Joaquin County Office of Education – Stockton, CA. Courtesy of The NEED Project. How did Jeannine Huffman convince her students to not only want to learn about energy content, but remember it as well? Her strategy was kids teaching kids… read more in this fascinating blog post! At the end of the school year my high school students know energy transformations, energy sources, and electricity generation by heart. In fact, when Pacific Gas and Electric sent a team to help students conduct an energy audit, the professionals said that our students were the only students they had ever worked with who could name every form and source of energy, each transformation, and how electricity was generated. How did I accomplish this? I first had to convince my students at the beginning of each year to want to learn and remember the energy content. I did this by introducing them to the Learning Pyramid. I have known about the Learning Pyramid, but have not had an opportunity to fully put its method into action until I began using NEED curriculum. I have grown more and more convinced that the Pyramid is representative of the belief that when Kids Teach Kids they retain and apply the content more effectively. How does it work in my classroom? I post the Learning Pyramid Chart and refer to it during class, reminding the students that our goal is to reach the top. At the bottom of the chart is Lecture 5%, so I say to my students, “If I stand up here and lecture, you will only remember 5%. In fact, you probably wonder how you are ever going to remember everything.” Student buy-in is critical and right away they see on the chart that they will only remember 10% if they read along with my lecture. As students move up the chart, adding visuals to reading and lecture, the retention increases to 20%. This affords the students a chance to tap into their meta-cognitive skills which means they are thinking about their own learning and taking personal responsibility to examine how they learn. Demonstrations help students remember a concept but it has been suggested that they will only remember 30%. How do I know this? When asked to explain energy transformations, or energy flow from the sun, most cannot explain the concept completely. Allowing students to discuss in groups and as a class may increase their retained knowledge up to 50%. As a teacher you will reap rewards, and they will too, by allowing them to discuss and collaborate. It is OK for a classroom to be noisy. Science and technology aren’t silent. After demonstrations and discussion about half the class can explain the energy flow well. When students practice by doing, the retention can increase to 75%. Through repetition, most students are able to easily explain the energy transformation. Let your students experiment, explore and work in teams. It is more work for you to set up multiple labs, but the return on the investment of teacher time is significant. NEED’s hands-on kits (wind, solar, Science of Energy and more) come with equipment for demonstrations and experiments like the Hand Generated Flashlight that students use to see how motion energy transforms to electrical energy. Hands-on learning always requires more investment of time in the classroom, but it pays off in student performance and classroom success. The biggest return on the investment is when students are afforded the opportunity to teach others. This is not a surprise to NEED teachers. For example, once you became a teacher, your first lecture on electrons made much more sense and led to more personal understanding. The same holds true for your students. Unless they can explain each step accurately, they do not really understand the concept. What a perfect way to assess your students on the spot! The work that goes into preparing to teach a class prepares students for energy presentations and other academic presentations they will give throughout the year. It is an effective, and fun, way to bring important concepts about energy out of the classroom and into the community. Teach each other, teach others. What is the gain by taking extra classroom time for every student to teach each other? A whopping 90%. I believe it! There is a great deal of satisfaction in observing them as they teach and as I assess them informally. Once students are trained in this method, they know they do not leave the classroom until they have taught others. By the time the student teams have practiced and presented lessons, they have heard the concepts better than they ever expected. Moreover, students seem to compete with one another to see who can give the best presentation! The classroom becomes a truly cooperative learning space and students all pay better attention, are more engaged and accountability and responsibility for learning skyrockets. One freshman, who was struggling to grasp a concept after several attempts to explain, finally had an AH HA! moment and said, “I will never forget this!” This is what a teacher lives for! To embed this knowledge, I reinforce regularly in a playful way. Out of the blue I will say, “I just heard a noise outside who can trace that energy flow from the sun?” Hands shoot up as students have become very aware of energy around them. This about this: I was talking with my niece about teaching electrolytes in my chemistry class. My niece said, “I memorized what the definition of an electrolyte was and passed my chemistry class last year, but I can’t even tell you what it is now.” This statement disturbed me. How many of us are good at memorizing facts but still don’t know how to apply that knowledge? Teach them to teach and they will never forget! I love the NEED curriculum. But it is only recently that I have come to realize the importance of the motto, “Kids Teaching Kids.” It was not until I had firsthand experience with the Learning Pyramid that see and know how well it works. Learn more about the NEED project at www.NEED.org Author: Anthony Darby; Published: Sep 6, 2012; Category: Classroom materials, Energy Education, Volunteering; Tags: Children, Classroom Instruction, Education, energy education, Energy4me, Engineering, Engineering Careers, Environment, Petroleum, Student, students, Teacher, Teachers; Comments: Comments Off Want to enhance your knowledge of the petroleum industry? How about a petroleum museum! At the museums, watch history come to life with interactive displays, informative guides, and live demonstrations. Some even have specific, focused, elementary, middle and high school educational tours. From Calgary to France to West Virginia, petroleum museums tell fascinating stories of oil discovery, production, to showcasing some of the modern uses of oil you might not know about. For instance, at the Houston Museum of Natural Science’s Energy exhibit, the Exploration gallery features the latest techniques used to search for hydrocarbons, from magnetometers and gravimeters to seismic vibrator trucks. In the Geology in the Field interactive, gaze across a barren, mountainous landscape, and watch as holographic illusions of two petroleum geologists materialize and explain what they are doing in the middle of nowhere. A massive Vibroseis truck interrupts them, sending its booming vibrations deep into the rock below. At the Indonesian Oil and Gas Museum, the exhibits display how important the role of oil and gas is as the source of energy, for fuel, lubricants and petrochemical products. There’s even an oil tree that symbolically displays at its branches various products resulting from the refinery processes of oil and gas. Check out our full petroleum museum listings HERE. Have plans to attend one on the list? Share your experience with us by Joining the conversation on Facebook— www.Facebook.com/Energy4me. You can also connect with us on Twitter at www.Twitter.com/Energy4me!

You can take a fresh crop of vegetables from your plot even in late autumn. To do this, some gardeners planted late varieties of cucumbers. Mostly their fruits are used for harvesting for the winter. They are consumed fresh. Late varieties are resistant to temperature variations and diseases. Self-pollinated species can be grown in greenhouses. Key differences late varieties While the cucumbers are not yet ripe, the bush continues to develop the root system. When the first flowers appear, its development slows down, and all nutrients go to the development of the ground part of the plant. In early varieties, the ripening period may be slightly more than a month. Then the root development ends. The bush can bear fruit abundantly, but only for a short period of time. After a few weeks, yellow leaves appear. Even with the use of nitrogen fertilizing, the fruiting period is prolonged only slightly. Late varieties have a different pattern of root development. For 45-50 days it grows twice as extensive. Although cucumbers appear later, in general, fruiting lasts longer and more abundant. Thus, late varieties have the following differences: - give a harvest later; - the fruiting period lasts longer; - elastic fruit with dense skin; - cucumbers are ideal for salting. Late cucumbers are resistant to temperature fluctuations and bear fruit well until autumn even under the most favorable conditions. They can be planted both in open ground and in the greenhouse, where self-pollinated plants are placed. The fruits are mainly used for harvesting for the winter. Some of the varieties of late varieties As the name implies, later varieties begin to bear fruit later than others. If you plant in the garden such seeds, fresh fruit can be removed until frost. Self-pollinated species can be planted in the greenhouse. The following are a few late varieties.

Presentation on theme: "NEXT The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 Western countries colonize large areas of Africa and Asia, leading to political and cultural changes."— Presentation transcript: NEXT The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 Western countries colonize large areas of Africa and Asia, leading to political and cultural changes. NEXT The Age of Imperialism, 1850–1914 SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3 SECTION 4 The Scramble for Africa CASE STUDY: Imperialism Europeans Claim Muslim Lands British Imperialism in India SECTION 5 Imperialism in Southeast Asia NEXT Section 1 The Scramble for Africa Ignoring the claims of African ethnic groups, kingdoms, and city-states, Europeans establish colonies. NEXT Africa Before European Domination The Scramble for Africa Problems Discourage Exploration Armies, rivers, disease discourage exploration SECTION 1 Nations Compete for Overseas Empires Imperialism—seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country Missionaries, explorers, humanitarians reach interior of Africa The Congo Sparks Interest Henry Stanley helps King Leopold II of Belgium acquire land in Congo Leopold brutally exploits Africans; millions die Belgian government takes colony away from Leopold Much of Europe begins to claim parts of Africa NEXT Forces Driving Imperialism SECTION 1 Belief in European Superiority Race for colonies grows out of national pride Racism—belief that one race is better than others Social Darwinism—survival of the fittest applied to human society Factors Promoting Imperialism in Africa Technological inventions like steam engine, Maxim gun help conquest Perfection of quinine protects Europeans from malaria Within Africa, Africans are divided by language and culture NEXT The Division of Africa SECTION 1 The Lure of Wealth Discovery of gold and diamonds increases interest in colonization Berlin Conference Divides Africa Berlin Conference—14 nations agree on rules for division (1884–85): -countries must claim land and prove ability to control it By 1914, only Liberia and Ethiopia are free of European control Demand for Raw Materials Shapes Colonies Raw materials are greatest source of wealth in Africa Businesses develop cash-crop plantations NEXT Three Groups Clash over South Africa SECTION 1 Zulus Fight the British Shaka—Zulu chief—creates centralized state around 1816 British defeat Zulus and gain control of Zulu nation in 1887 Boers and British Settle in the Cape Boers, or Dutch farmers, take Africans’ land, establish large farms Boers clash with British over land, slaves -move north to escape British The Boer War Boer War between British, Boers begins in 1899 British win; Boer republics united in Union of South Africa (1910) NEXT Europeans embark on a new phase of empire building that affects both Africa and the rest of the world. Section 2 Imperialism CASE STUDY: Nigeria NEXT A New Period of Imperialism Imperialism Extending Influence Europeans want to control all aspects of their colonies: -influence political, social lives of people -shape economies to benefit Europe -want people to adopt European customs SECTION 2 Continued... CASE STUDY: Nigeria NEXT Forms of Control Europeans develop four forms of control of territory: -colony—governed by a foreign power -protectorate—governs itself, but under outside control -sphere of influence—outside power controls investment, trading -economic imperialism—private business interests assert control SECTION 2 continued A New Period of Imperialism Continued... NEXT Methods of Management Europeans use two methods to manage colonies: -direct control -indirect control SECTION 2 continued A New Period of Imperialism Indirect Control Limited self-rule for local governments Legislative body includes colonial, local officials Direct Control Paternalism—Europeans provide for local people, but grant no rights Assimilation—adaptation of local people to ruling culture NEXT A British Colony Gaining Control Britain conquers southern Nigeria using both diplomacy and force Conquest of northern Nigeria through Royal Niger Company In 1914, Britain claims all of Nigeria as a colony SECTION 2 Managing the Colony Nigeria is culturally diverse area, with about 250 ethnic groups British use indirect rule successfully with Hausa- Fulani Yoruba and Igbo chiefs resent limits on their power NEXT African Resistance Africans Confront Imperialism Broad resistance to imperialism, but Europeans have superior weapons SECTION 2 Unsuccessful Movements Algeria actively resists French for almost 50 years Samori Touré fights French in West Africa for 16 years In German East Africa, people put faith in spiritual defense Results in about 75,000 deaths; famine kills twice as many Ethiopia: A Successful Resistance Menelik II, emperor of Ethiopia in 1889, resists Europeans -plays Europeans against each other -stockpiles arsenal of modern weapons -defeats Italy, remains independent NEXT The Legacy of Colonial Rule Negative Effects Africans lose land and independence, many lose lives Traditional cultures break down Division of Africa creates problems that continue today SECTION 2 Positive Effects Colonialism reduces local fighting Sanitation improves; hospitals and schools created Technology brings economic growth Section 3 Europeans Claim Muslim Lands European nations expand their empires by seizing territories from Muslim states. NEXT Ottoman Empire Loses Power Reforms Fail After Suleyman I dies in 1566, empire starts to decline Ottoman Empire falls behind Europe in technology Selim III attempts to modernize army and is overthrown Subject peoples in Greece and Serbia gain independence European powers look for ways to take Ottoman lands SECTION 3 Europeans Claim Muslim Lands NEXT Europeans Grab Territory Geopolitics Geopolitics—taking land for its strategic location or products Access to sea trade routes focuses attention on Ottoman lands SECTION 3 Russia and the Crimean War Crimean War—Russia attacks Ottomans in 1853 to gain warm-water port Russia loses, but Ottomans are shown to be weak; still lose land The Great Game Great Game—war waged between Russia and Britain over India Battles fought in Afghanistan until British withdrawal in 1881 NEXT Egypt Initiates Reforms Military and Economic Reforms Muhammad Ali breaks away from Ottoman control and rules Egypt Begins series of reforms in military and economy Shifts Egyptian agriculture from food crops to cash crops SECTION 3 The Suez Canal Egypt builds Suez Canal—human-made waterway connects Red Sea to Mediterranean Modernization efforts create huge debt British oversee financial control of canal, occupy Egypt in 1882 NEXT Persia Pressured to Change The Exploitation of Persia Russia wants access to Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean Britain wants Persian oil and Afghanistan Persia concedes to Western businesses SECTION 3 Battle over Tobacco Persian ruler sells concession to Britain to export tobacco Persians boycott tobacco, leads to riots In 1907, Russia and Britain seize and divide Persia between them NEXT Section 4 British Imperialism in India As the Mughal Empire declined, Britain seizes Indian territory and soon it controls almost the whole subcontinent. NEXT British Imperialism in India East India Company Dominates British East India Company rules India until 1850s Company has its own army led by British officers Army is staffed by sepoys—Indian soldiers SECTION 4 British Expand Control over India Continued... Britain’s “Jewel in the Crown” India is Britain’s most valuable colony, or “jewel in the crown” Forced to produce raw materials for British manufacturing Also forced to buy British goods NEXT British Transport Trade Goods Railroads move cash crops and goods faster Trade in specific crops is tied to international events Impact of Colonialism British hold much of political and economic power Cash crops result in loss of self-sufficiency, famine Indian life disrupted by missionaries and racist attitudes British modernize India’s economy, improve public health continued British Expand Control over India SECTION 4 NEXT The Sepoy Mutiny Indians Rebel Sepoys refuse to use cartridges of new rifles for religious reasons Many Sepoys are jailed; others start Sepoy Mutiny against British Many Indians, especially Sikhs, remain loyal to British Turning Point British put down rebellion, take direct command of India Raj—term for British rule over India, lasts from 1757 to 1947 Uprising increases distrust between British and Indians SECTION 4 NEXT Nationalism Surfaces in India Call for Reforms In 1800s, Ram Mohun Roy leads modernization movement Many Indians adopt western ways and call for social reforms Indians resent being second-class citizens in own country Nationalist Groups Form Indian National Congress and Muslim League form Nationalists angered by partition of Bengal -pressure forces Britain to divide it differently SECTION 4 NEXT Section 5 Imperialism in Southeast Asia Demand for Asian products drive Western imperialists to seek possession of Southeast Asian lands. NEXT Imperialism in Southeast Asia Europeans Race to Claim Pacific Rim Lands of Southeast Asia that border Pacific Ocean form Pacific Rim Dutch, British, French, Germans claim parts of Pacific Rim -establish trading ports -land perfect for plantation agriculture European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim Dutch Expand Control Dutch colonies, called Dutch East Indies, include Indonesia Settle Indonesia, establish rigid social class system SECTION 5 Continued... NEXT British Take the Malayan Peninsula Britain seizes Singapore as a port and trading base Also gets colonies in Malaysia, Burma Chinese immigration to Malaysia creates problems French Control Indochina French come to control Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia Directly control French Indochina Export rice, angering Vietnamese SECTION 5 continued European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim Continued... NEXT Colonial Impact Modernization mainly helps European businesses Education, health, sanitation improve Millions migrate to Southeast Asia to work in mines, plantations Colonialism leads to racial and religious clashes SECTION 5 continued European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim NEXT Siam Remains Independent Modernization in Siam Siam remains independent, neutral zone between French, British King Mongkut modernizes country: -starts schools -reforms legal system -reorganizes government -builds transportation and telegraph systems -ends slavery SECTION 5 NEXT U.S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands The Philippines Change Hands U.S. gains Philippines after Spanish-American War Emilio Aguinaldo leads Filipino nationalists against U.S. rule U.S. defeats three-year nationalist revolt (1902) U.S. promises to prepare Filipinos for self-rule Focus on cash crops leads to food shortages SECTION 5 Continued... NEXT Hawaii Becomes a Republic Americans establish sugar-cane plantations on Hawaii By mid-1800s, sugar accounts for 75 percent of Hawaii’s wealth U.S. business leaders want annexation—adding territory to country Queen Liliuokalani tries to restore Hawaiian control American businessmen have her removed from power U.S. annexes Republic of Hawaii (1898) SECTION 5 continued U.S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands This is the end of the chapter presentation of lecture notes. Click the HOME or EXIT button. BACK Print Slide Show 1. On the File menu, select Print 2. In the pop-up menu, select Microsoft PowerPoint If the dialog box does not include this pop-up, continue to step 4 3. In the Print what box, choose the presentation format you want to print: slides, notes, handouts, or outline 4. Click the Print button to print the PowerPoint presentation

Statement of responsibility, etc. Rob Carter, Sandra Maxa, Mark Sanders, Philip B. Meggs, Ben Day. Formatted contents note The evolution of typography -- The anatomy of typography -- Legibility -- The typographic grid -- Syntax and communication -- The typographic message -- The evolution of typographic technology -- Typography in time and motion -- Case studies in typographic design -- Typographic design education -- Typographic design process -- Type specimens. -- Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed. Topical term or geographic name as entry element Graphic design (Typography). General subdivision Style manuals.

Hong Kong -- The distinctive blend of East and West. Four main areas: Kowloon, Hong Kong Island, the New Territories and the Outlying Islands. Featured Links Discover Hong Kong Official Tourism Board Website. Comprehensive tourism information. Must Read. Trip Planning Q&A. Go HK Hong Kong eighteen regions travel information. Frommer's Hong Kong Travel Guide A good and complete travel information. Lonely Planet Hong Kong Great travel information about Hong Kong. 12HK "Unofficial" Hong Kong guide with great pictures. Top Ten Hong Kong Attractions Top Ten Hong Kong Romantic Places Nationals of more than 170 countries and territories may visit Hong Kong visa-free for a period ranging from 7 days to 180 days. Detail information will be found at Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Visit Visa Requirements Visa FAQ Hong Kong Visa /Entry Permit Application Information Nationals of P. R. China transiting in Hong Kong do not require a visa for a stay of maximum 7 days provided traveling to a third destination. Confirmed return/onward ticket and relating documents are required for next destination, excepting for transit/surface travel to Macao or China. Hong Kong is sub-tropical climate. Summer from May to October is hot and humid. Winter between January and February is cloudier and occasional chilly. Fall and Spring are pleasant breezes, plenty of sunshine and comfortable temperatures.Typhoon season normally begins in June and ends in September. Every year at least two or three typhoons will hit Hong Kong. General Weather Information.

If you have grown tomatoes you’ve experienced “tomato cracks” which is one of the many tomato problems you’ll encounter. Sometimes called “growth cracks” and usually associated with excessive watering, rainy periods, and dry weather which lead to cracking and most of the time scattered on the garden soil. Cracking results as a way to relieve the pressure which could be caused by excessive soil moisture and other reasons. For helpful info on ways to handle the problem cracking tomato problem, read the rest of the article below: Growing tomatoes is sometimes a gamble. You have to play the odds against diseases, vegetable garden pests, or high heat temperatures ruining your crop. You may succeed in preventing all the above scenarios when growing tomatoes, but then encounter another problem of splitting or cracking. This could happen in many tomato varieties and even on cherry tomatoes. What Causes Tomatoes to Split or Crack? Splitting of a tomato fruit can occur in two forms; Radial cracking – These are more intense and spread from the stem down the sides of the tomato. Concentric cracking – This is where tomato cracking develops in a circular pattern around where the tomato is attached to the stem. Cracks develop mostly because of fluctuations in watering. This can be a result of having periods of dry weather, followed by sudden heavy rains that overwhelm the tomatoes. Cracking and splitting tomatoes are most prevalent during the maturity stages when the tomatoes are beginning to ripen. When ripe tomatoes appear during dry weather, the outer skin toughens up and thickens. A sudden influx of water brought by the heavy rain caused the tomato to continue growing on the inside. The inner growth later causes the thickened outer skin to rift resulting in a crack or split. Sometimes a tomato can close the crack (heal itself), and this will result in something that looks like a stitch. Tomato Tip: Learn how trimming tomato plants helps produce more tomatoes. A Cracked Tomato Fit For Consumption? Depending on the severity of the splitting, the tomato can still be consumed. A tomato that has a wide crack can act as a reservoir of fungus, bacteria, and mold as it can attract fruit flies. Avoid any split or cracked tomato when doing tomato canning. However, you can cut around the cracks and use the good parts in sandwiches, salads, sauces, and salsas. The taste of the tomato is not affected in the parts not cracked. If you spot a tomato that is close to ripening and is beginning to crack, remove it from the plant and let it continue to ripen on the kitchen counter or windowsill. Leaving it on the plant will worsen the situation as it will continue to absorb water and the crack will continue to widen. How Do you Prevent Cracking or Splitting in Tomatoes? Keep Water Supply Regular -The best way to prevent the cracking or splitting of tomatoes is by keeping your watering frequency consistent and regular. It’s better to water your tomatoes deeply on a regular basis than to water them sporadically and shallowly. Make sure that you’ve got a regular plan for watering, which adjusts to the amount of rain received. Plant Crack-Resistant Varieties – these varieties have elastic skin. They include Daybreak, Earl of Edgecombe, Early Girl, Heinz 1350, Juliet, Valley Girl, Mountain Delight, and Mountain Pride. Apply Balanced Fertilizer – when blossoming and fruiting, tomatoes require more potassium and phosphorus. Excessive nitrogen will cause excessive growth, leading to cracking. Conduct a soil test first to determine the number of nutrients present in the soil before adding more. Avoid Over-Fertilizing – Over fertilizing your tomatoes with excess nutrients can lead to a growth spurt. We always use Epsom salt on tomato plants when planting seedlings to give them a boost and reduce transplant shock. If the tomato plant dries up, don’t water them too much as that can set up the condition for splitting. Once it has recovered from the dry spell, re-establish the regular watering schedule in a systematic way.

Betty, an employee of a Daycare, read an article in a magazine that said the average 3yr old child is 37in tall. Betty works with 3yr olds at the daycare, so later that week, she measured the height of each child who had just turned or was about to turn 3. Here are their heights in inches: 41, 40, 36, 42, 39, 38, 33, 44, 39, 41. a.A non directional hypothesis is a type of alternative hypothesis used in statistical significance testing. For a research question, two rival hypotheses are formed. The null hypothesis states that there is no difference between the variables being compared or that any difference that does exist can be explained by chance. The alternative hypothesis states that an observed difference is likely to be genuine and not likely to have occurred by chance alone. Sometimes called a two-tailed test, a test of a nondirectional alternative hypothesis does not state the direction of the difference, it indicates only that a difference existaverage =37 tall b determine the critical t for a=0.5 :41, 40, 36, 42, 39, 38, 33, 44, 39, 41. May 25th, 2015 Studypool's Notebank makes it easy to buy and sell old notes, study guides, reviews, etc.

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The vertebral column is a series of 24 bones, muscles and ligaments that protect the nerves of spinal cord. Each bone is called a vertebra. The vertebra is about the size of a child’s toy block, only round. Behind this body of the vertebra is the spinal cord followed by a roof of bone called the lamina. The vertebral body and lamina surround and protect the spinal cord from injury (see diagram). As we age, our bones lose calcium and are more prone to fracture. This process of calcium loss is called osteoporosis and is very common in older women. In the presence of osteoporosis, the vertebral bodies can break and collapse, a process known as a compression fracture. Compression fractures most commonly take place in the mid and low back because the weight of the body is carried there. The fracture can be a source of severe pain because the bone is broken and the nerves next to the spinal cord are pinched. Patients with compression fractures complain of sudden onsets of mid and low back pain. The pain may be experienced along the course of the nerves next to the compression fracture. If the vertebrae of the lumbar spine are involved, the patient may experience leg pain. In the mid back or thoracic region, the pain may radiate to the front underneath the breast. If the doctor suspects a compression fracture, X-rays of the spine will be ordered. Compression fractures are usually readily apparent on a standard X-ray. The initial treatment for compression fractures is bed rest and pain medications. This gives the fracture time to heal, unfortunately however, the bone will heal in the collapsed position. Once the bone heals, it stops hurting but the nerves remain pinched, causing chronic pain. If chronic pain develops, the patient may need moderate doses of appropriate narcotic medications such as Tylenol #3, Darvocet or Vicodin. Excessive use of these drugs must be avoided because of the long-term toxic effects to the kidneys or liver. If, despite the use of appropriate medications, the patient is still experiencing significant discomfort, nerve block techniques may be able to resolve the pain. Traditionally, epidural injections are given. With this technique, powerful anti-inflammatory drugs are injected along side the nerves where they are pinched. This helps relieve swelling and inflammation, thereby resulting in pain relief. Nerve block techniques have to be used cautiously because the medication is an anti- inflammatory steroid, cortisone-type drug. Long-term use of cortisone can actually lead to osteoporosis and cause more compression fractures. The injections are usually given as a series of two or three over a period of weeks. In the event of a compression fracture, no more than two or three series should be given in the course of any one year. In addition to injections, braces can be used to help stabilize the joints. Although this may prevent further fractures, it cannot alleviate the compression of the old fracture. Compression fractures are a serious problem that can be difficult to treat. Ultimately, patients will need a combination of injections, medications and bracing to achieve a significant level of comfort.

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Can Vaping Devices Set Off Smoke Alarms? Yes, e-cigarettes can set off smoke detectors in some cases. E-cigarettes produce an aerosol, also known as vapor, which can contain particles that are detected by smoke detectors as smoke. The likelihood of setting off a smoke detector depends on various factors such as the type of e-cigarette, the frequency of use, and the sensitivity of the smoke detector. To reduce the risk of setting off a smoke detector, it's best to use e-cigarettes in well-ventilated areas and avoid using them near smoke detectors. Are There Different Types of Smoke Detectors? There are two main types of smoke detectors: ionisation and photoelectric smoke detectors. - Ionisation smoke detectors: These use a small amount of radioactive material to ionise air in the detection chamber. When smoke enters the chamber, it disrupts the ionisation and triggers the alarm. These detectors are more sensitive to flaming fires. - Photoelectric smoke detectors: These use a light source and a sensor to detect smoke. When smoke enters the chamber, it scatters the light and triggers the alarm. These detectors are more sensitive to smoky, slow-burning fires. Some smoke detectors combine both ionisation and photoelectric technology for added protection. It's recommended to have both types of smoke detectors installed in a home for comprehensive fire protection. How Likely Can An Electronic Cigarette Set Off A Fire Alarm? The likelihood of an e-cigarette setting off a fire alarm depends on several factors, such as the type of e-cigarette, the frequency of use, and the sensitivity of the fire alarm. Some e-cigarettes produce a larger amount of aerosol (or vapor) than others, increasing the risk of setting off a fire alarm. In general, using an e-cigarette in a well-ventilated area and avoiding use near fire alarms can reduce the risk of setting off a fire alarm. However, it's still possible for e-cigarettes to set off fire alarms in some situations, especially if the smoke detector is highly sensitive. Can Vaping Devices Set Off Smoke Alarms On A Plane? Yes, it is possible for e-cigarettes to set off smoke detectors in an airplane. E-cigarettes produce an aerosol, also known as vapor, which can contain particles that can be detected by smoke detectors as smoke. The risk of setting off a smoke detector in an airplane is low, but it's still possible, especially if the e-cigarette is used frequently or in close proximity to the smoke detector. It's important to note that the use of e-cigarettes is generally prohibited on airplanes by the FAA, and passengers are advised to follow the rules and regulations set by the airline and the FAA. To avoid any potential disruptions, it's best to avoid using e-cigarettes on an airplane. What About a Hotel Room? Whether you can vape in a hotel room depends on the policies of the specific hotel. Some hotels allow vaping in designated smoking rooms or outdoor areas, while others have a complete ban on vaping and smoking. It's best to check with the hotel in advance to confirm their vaping policy. If vaping is not allowed in the hotel room, it's important to follow the policy to avoid any penalties or fees. Even if a hotel allows vaping, it's always a good idea to use caution and consider the potential impact on others, such as second-hand exposure to the aerosol produced by the e-cigarette. Can I Vape Under A Smoke Alarm? To determine whether you can smoke under a smoke detector, it's best to check the manufacturer's instructions or contact the manufacturer for specific guidance. Most smoke detectors are designed to detect smoke and warn of potential fires, so it's important to avoid exposing them to smoke or other sources of combustion. In general, it's best to avoid smoking or using e-cigarettes near smoke detectors or in areas where smoke could trigger the alarm. This helps to ensure that the smoke detector functions properly and provides adequate protection in the event of a fire. If you're unsure whether you can smoke under a smoke detector, it's best to err on the side of caution and avoid smoking or using e-cigarettes in close proximity to the detector.

Our Country, Our Constitution Eighth graders acquaint themselves with the guaranteed rights of the Bill of Rights and the application of these rights in their daily lives. They write a Bill of Rights for a new democratic country and search the Internet for related articles. 18 Views 168 Downloads - Folder Types - Activities & Projects - Graphics & Images - Handouts & References - Lab Resources - Learning Games - Lesson Plans - Primary Sources - Printables & Templates - Professional Documents - PD Courses - Study Guides - Performance Tasks - Graphic Organizers - Writing Prompts - Constructed Response Items - AP Test Preps - Lesson Planet Articles - Interactive Whiteboards - Home Letters - Unknown Types - All Resource Types - Show All See similar resources: Our Classroom ConstitutionLesson Planet Develop a system of classroom rules created by the kids, for the kids with this three-part lesson plan series on the US Constitution. After learning about the structure of the Constitution and the government it established, young... 5 mins 4th - 8th Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable Documenting Democracy: Lesson Plans on the United States ConstitutionLesson Planet Balance and compromise. Class members come to understand the importance of these concepts as they investigate the concerns of the various stakeholders and how the format of the Constitution addressed these concerns. 3rd - 12th Social Studies & History U.S. Constitution Crossword Puzzles: Advanced #1Lesson Planet What do Boston Harbor, the Electoral College, and Chief Powhatan have in common? They all represent vital moments in American history—and they are all clues in a thorough and challenging crossword puzzle about the United States... 8th - 10th Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable The United States ConstitutionLesson Planet Ever wish your class could travel back in time and witness the making of the Constitution firsthand? This plan makes the classroom come pretty close. Eighth graders simulate the process of creating a constitution and design their own... 8th Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable The Constitution Lives! How it Protects Your Rights TodayLesson Planet Students brainstorm their rights as Americans. For this The Constitution Lives! lesson, students discern the difference between rights and rules by completing a worksheet. Students consider the differences between types of constitutional... 6th - 11th Social Studies & History The Constitutional ConventionLesson Planet The Founding Fathers are larger than life in history books, but an engaging video resource brings them up close to your pupils. As viewers meet the founders in the National Constitution Center's Signers' Hall, they learn about the... 18 mins 7th - 12th Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable Celebrate the ConstitutionLesson Planet Young scholars explore the process of writing our Constitution through an interactive program. They are to put themselves in the place of the statesmen and predict how they felt at the time. They compare the founding fathers. 6th - 12th Social Studies & History The Constitution: the Head of StateLesson Planet Students participate in a constitutional convention to debate whether Australia should become a republic. They form small groups to represent various sides of the debate such as parliamentary republicanism, popular republicanism and... 6th - 10th Social Studies & History

well thats probably how the world would end up with such large power gaps, where revolt becomes absolutely impossible. The nobility/powerful **can* act however they want, and if they feel even slightly aggrieved by someone they can kill them and there's literally nothing anyone can sensibly do. What makes it worse is peers tell him what he did was right and that this is the way it should be. It's not really surprising you get such emotionally uncontrollable people who can't take the slightest loss of face, especially when Face is such a common concept. It's also really helpful because it gives them a reason to do what they're doing. Everyone understands he's doing it for a reason that they can somewhat sympathize so they in turn don't say anything. If they just killed random people on whims you'd start seeing some social repercussions and such, and they typically don't do that either. So yeah it's a shallow reason, but it has to do with culture I guess. Honor and Pride are a much more sub emotion. No one really attributes things to it so readily, it's less in the open and less acknowledged. Whereas face is a much more out in the open concept and seen as a pretty good justification for doing things, and honor/pride are not. It's how people view them and how it's potrayed. In china it just so happens to be protrayed much more, and in the west not so much. We value honor and pride as poor justifications and in china it's the exact opposite. So yeah the stories go a little overboard with it, but it's probably not too far from the truth.

Characterizing Trends in Lung Cancer Mortality Attributable to Airborne Environmental Carcinogens Tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally, but trends in TBL mortality attributable to tobacco, ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP), and household air pollution (HAP) were unequally distributed within global population subgroups over the last three decades. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study to quantify the impact of sex, time, sociodemographic development index (SDI), and age for each exposure from 1990–2019. During that interval, tobacco dominated the TBL cancer mortality landscape, with its minimum global age-adjusted death rate of 16.71 deaths/100,000 (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 15.27–18.13) outstripping maximums of 3.85 deaths/100,000 (UI: 2.82–4.83) and 2.54 deaths/100,000 (UI: 1.69–3.54) for APMP and HAP, respectively. In 2019, tobacco male TBL death rates exceeded female rates by a factor of 4.4:1. Ratios of 1.9:1 for APMP and 2.1:1 for HAP were seen. Our analysis indicates that both-sex middle SDI and female low, low-middle, and high-middle SDI populations are suffering increasing tobacco TBL burden. Efforts producing successful global reductions in HAP-associated TBL mortality should continue, with attention to low SDI female death rate increases. Finally, except for high SDI populations, global APMP-attributable TBL cancer burden is increasing and represents a major health concern. Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally [1], with tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancers accounting for 3.61% (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 3.36-3.83%) of all global deaths in 2019, up from 2.28% (UI: 2.19-2.39%) in 1990 [2]. It is well known that risk factors, including air pollution and tobacco exposure, have contributed to this increase [3,4]. However, the increase has been unequally distributed within subgroups of the global population over time. Additionally, the composition of risk factor attributions for TBL cancers has changed within the last three decades, with some arguing that rising air pollution levels signal the emergence of a "new smoking," while others argue that tobacco use unequivocally remains the far larger public health concern [5][6][7]. The influences of these exposures on TBL mortality by sex, age, and time have been less comprehensively elucidated at a multifactorial level. For example, the global sex disparity in TBL cancer mortality has been well established, with global male TBL cancer deaths outpacing those in females by a factor of greater than 2:1 in 2017 [8]. However, a more detailed analysis of data like those available in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) dataset is needed to understand which exposure scenarios are contributing to the disparity over time by sociodemographic development indices (SDIs) and by age group. To robustly characterize evolving trends in TBL mortality attributable to tobacco, ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP), and household air pollution (HAP), we quantified the impact of sex, time, SDI, and age group on TBL mortality in the GBD 2019 study to provide a more nuanced understanding of global population trends in preventable TBL cancer deaths. Recent studies have shed light on TBL incidence, DALYs, and mortality trends in the GBD 2017 and GBD 2019 data [9][10][11][12]. Wang et al. and Deng et al. described the dynamic temporal trends in TBL cancer burden across SDI, sex, and age group in GBD 2017 data. An editorial by Zhang et al. further explored the broader global health and policy implications of TBL burden trends in similar subgroups using GBD 2017 data. Since these works were published, the new GBD 2019 study has provided two additional years of data estimates and broadly improved mediation analysis between tobacco-, APMP-, and HAP-exposureattributable outcomes [2]. Safiri et al. took advantage of the updated methodology to comprehensively examine country level trends in the GBD 2019 data for TBL-attributable DALYs stratified by sex, age, and time. Their group noted top risk factors contributing to TBL DALYs, stratified by age and world region, but did not pursue exposure-specific analysis or additional levels of group stratification. As such, no publication to date has provided analysis of temporal mortality trends for individual exposures in the GBD 2019 data stratified by sex, SDI, and age. Our work delves deeper for each exposure, expanding on the aforementioned studies and identifying targetable populations where primary preventive measures may be implemented. Furthermore, we provide unique heat map visualizations of this data to enable readers to easily interact with 594 subgroup temporal trends available from our analysis. Materials and Methods Annual TBL cancer deaths and death rate estimates attributable to environmental exposures were extracted from the GBD 2019 dataset [13]. Death rate estimates attributable to each exposure were stratified by sex, level of socioeconomic development (SDI), age, and calendar year. Estimates were produced using methodology described in the GBD 2019 study Supplementary Appendix 1, Sections 2 and 4 [2]. For all estimates, 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UIs) were available. From TBL mortality attributable risks, we selected tobacco, APMP, and HAP exposures for analysis, excluding other risk factors, like Ambient Ozone Pollution and specific occupational risks, to limit the scope of our analysis to three of the top preventable exposures causing TBL mortality. Specific considerations for each stratifying variable were as follows: (1) Time: TBL deaths and age-standardized death rate estimates were available for all years between 1990-2019; (2) SDI: The GBD 2019 authors created SDI as a country's "composite indicator of socio-demographic development status" utilizing "total fertility rate in those under 25 years old, mean education for those 15 years or older, and lag-distributed income per capita" to give each country an index value from 0 to 100 [2]. These SDI values were stratified into quintiles representing low-(LSDI), low-middle-(LMSDI), middle-(MSDI), high-middle-(HMSDI), and high-index (HSDI) countries; and (3) Age: Age-specific mortality was available for 5-year age groups between 40-90 years. Mortality below age 40 and above age 90, which may suggest TBL mortality attributed to factors related to genetic predisposition or longevity, was excluded from our analysis (Supplemental Figure S1). In our analysis, statistically significant differences in subpopulation death rates between 1990 and 2019 were determined. To do this, we conducted two sample t-tests of the 95% confidence interval of the difference between a given subgroup's 1990 and 2019 death rates, at a significance level of p < 0.05 (Table 1, statistically significant p-values marked with "*"). Statistically significant findings are termed "significant" in the Results section; non-significant findings are not preceded by a word modifier. Lastly, using Microsoft Excel software, we generated heat maps for each exposure using death rate stratification by sex, SDI, and age between 1990 and 2019 to highlight granular trends among subpopulations. Other visualizations were generated using the GBD Compare tool [14]. Figure 1c). Global deaths and death rates for males surpassed those of females every year for all three exposures (Figure 1a,b,d,e). In 2019, tobacco-attributed male TBL death rates exceeded female by a factor of 4.4:1. Corresponding ratios of 1.9:1 for APMP and 2.1:1 for HAP were seen (data from Table 1). HAP While HAP continues to contribute to TBL mortality, the global HAP-attributable death rate saw a significant decrease from 1990-2019 of 62% (p = 0.01) from 2.54 deaths/100,000 (UI: 1.69-3.54) to 0.97 deaths/100,000 (UI: 0.55-1.93). The decrease in males was larger than that in females, with significant reductions of 66% (p = 0.01) in the former and a 54% reduction (p = 0.03) in the latter (Figure 1a-c). In 1990, HAP death rates exceeded those of APMP for LSDI, LMSD, and MSDI populations in both-sex, male, and female strata ( Figure 2). The most notable difference at that time was present in LSDI both-sex populations: 3.09 deaths/100,000 (UI: 1.95-5.24) for HAP vs. 0.39 deaths/100,000 (UI: 0.12-0.86) for APMP. By 2019, unlike the general increasing trend of APMP death rates, HAP death rates fell in every SDI stratum for almost all both-sex, male, and female sub-populations. Of note, LMSDI female and LSDI both sex and male decreases were not significant, and LSDI females experienced a HAP death rate increase of 2.7% to 1.16 deaths/100,000 (UI: 0.08-1.64) by 2019 (Figure 2(b1)). Age Group Analysis and Heat Maps The temporal trends in TBL mortality reported above also further varied within age groups. We were able to provide coherence to patterns in 594 five-year age groups between ages 40-90 for tobacco, APMP, and HAP exposures by creating heat maps (Figure 3), which indicate the magnitude of change between 1990 and 2019 in TBL death rates. The tobacco map (Figure 3a) revealed a skew toward large death rate increases in older age groups, while younger age groups generally saw decreases. Notable exceptions to this characterization included HSDI male populations, which saw large decreases across all age groups, and non-HSDI female populations, which saw death rate increases far more often in younger populations than their male counterparts. The APMP map (Figure 3b) revealed a broad swath of TBL death rate increases, also skewing to larger increases in older age groups. The only age groups that escaped this trend were HMSDI males below age 70 and the full age range of HSDI both-sex, male, and female populations with the small exception of females above age 80. By contrast, the HAP map (Figure 3c) revealed near universal TBL mortality rate decreases between 1990 and 2019. Older LSDI females saw the lone rate increases within the HAP heatmap. Discussion Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer morbidity and mortality attributable to air pollution and tobacco have long been recognized as preventable. Understanding how specific exposures are contributing to morbidity and mortality patterns over time in subgroups of the global population is therefore essential to targeting preventive measures. As previously discussed, recent studies have described TBL burden in the GBD 2017 and GBD 2019 data, but either lack the use of the most recent GBD 2019 data or lack sufficiently robust analysis to identify statistically significant subpopulation trends for tobacco, APMP, or HAP exposures [9][10][11][12]. Much has remained consistent between the GBD 2017 and GBD 2019, including the methodology of modeling tobacco exposure-outcome pairs and broad trends in tobacco, APMP, and HAP-attributable TBL mortality. However, notable differences are present. As would be expected, the GBD 2019 data account for updated exposure data inputs in all three of our exposures of interest [2]. More importantly for our analysis, GBD 2019 methodology improved mediation analysis for APMP and HAP risk curves. This engenders greater confidence in the individual contributions of each of the three exposures on TBL burden, including TBL mortality. Few disparate trends existed between GBD 2017 and 2019 data although one example of an exception to this generalization occurred in in LSDI female populations. GBD 2017 data showed a significant decrease in LSDI female HAP-attributable TBL mortality, whereas GBD 2019 data did not in our analysis. With these distinctions in mind, our analysis was able to capitalize on the most up to date and comprehensive data available in GBD 2019 to identify exposure and mortality trends over the last three decades that have shaped the TBL mortality landscape. The WHO reported in 2016 that tobacco smoke exposures have been trending downward in high-income countries while increasing in low-and middle-income countries [15]. This trend is borne out in our analysis, which found that tobacco-attributable TBL mortality rates decreased in HSDI populations but increased modestly in HMSDI and significantly in MSDI populations. Both-sex tobacco death rates remained relatively constant in LSDI and LMSDI populations, though this masked divergent male and female trends in these SDI strata. Historically, the global sex difference in TBL mortality was reliably attributed to sexspecific behavioral differences (e.g., male tobacco use at higher rates). It is now likely that behavioral changes in high-income countries, like the United States, have caused male and female TBL mortality rates to converge [16]. We found this generalization to be supported by our analysis. HSDI males experienced a sharp decline, while females saw a modest decline or even an increase in older age groups over the past 29 years. Likewise, younger HMSDI males saw rates decline while females in almost all corresponding age groups saw increases during the same period. Though LSDI, LMSDI, and MSDI male populations maintained higher mortality rates than their female counterparts, females saw increases across a greater percentage of age groups. These findings are reminiscent of historical tobacco-driven mortality trends in high-income countries, suggesting a concerning future trajectory for low-income countries. As tobacco behaviors changed around the world in the last three decades, APMP levels have increased. In 2019, 92% of the world's population was living an area that exceeds the WHO's guideline for healthy air [17]. Conversely, HAP exposures have seen a significant global reduction despite continuing to plague rural populations in many lowand middle-income countries [17]. Emerging evidence also suggests that these exposures may be associated with a growing list of other health problems, including cardiorespiratory diseases, cancers of additional anatomical sites, and diabetes [18][19][20]. With these exposure-risk trends in mind, age-stratified analyses of APMP and HAP death rates may offer a signal for future TBL mortality trends as current global populations age. In age groups < 65 years, increases in APMP-attributable TBL death rates over the last three decades for LSDI, LMSDI, and MSDI populations paint a concerning picture. High APMP death rates seen in almost every > 65 years age group already represent a major issue in the global TBL disease burden. If patterns in younger age groups portend a continuation of increasing APMP mortality rates as the population ages, this crisis will worsen. Countries like the U.S. (HSDI) and, more recently, China (HMSDI) do offer some indication that implementing regulations aimed at improving APMP levels can reduce related TBL mortality [5]. Our analysis found that almost all HSDI age groups saw decreases between 1990 and 2019, which may be attributable to the higher likelihood of strong air pollution control efforts in those countries. Similarly, HMSDI males aged < 65 years saw decreases, a result likely driven by recent aggressive air pollution reduction efforts in China, the most populous HMSDI country [21]. HMSDI female groups aged < 65 years, however, did experience increases in the APMP death rate, demonstrating that further study is needed for this critical subpopulation. HAP trends offered the most universally positive outlook among the three exposures studied. HAP-attributable TBL mortality reductions across almost every global subpopulation can be taken as a sign that international efforts to reduce the burden of disease associated with these exposures, such as indoor stove interventions [22,23], have been fruitful. However, HAP mortality continues to rival that of APMP in LSDI and LMSDI populations. LSDI female populations that have not benefitted from the global TBL death rate decrease represent a subgroup where preventive intervention may be most helpful. Future efforts need to focus on improving the health of this vulnerable subpopulation. Conclusions Our findings further characterize the complex, dynamic, exposure-related trends in TBL cancer mortality from 1990-2019. Our analysis indicates that the most urgent areas for tobacco-related intervention are both-sex MSDI populations and female LSDI, LMSDI, and HMSDI populations suffering from increasing tobacco-attributable TBL burden. Successful efforts that have brought about global reductions in HAP-associated TBL burden should continue, with special attention to LSDI female populations, where death rate increases were seen. Finally, except for both-sex HSDI and younger male HMSDI populations, the TBL cancer burden attributed to APMP is increasing and represents an urgent threat to the health of many global populations. With these targeted insights, global leaders, policy makers, and health care professionals will be better able to address the contribution of TBL cancer to the global burden of disease.

Brian Casad of TITLE Boxing Club named bodybuilding.com spokesmodel Brian Casad is a gym owner; TITLE Boxing Club Uptown is his baby. He works long hours and recently received a very very nice honor. Here’s what he wrote about the road to achieving it: “I was putting in 100 hours a week, barely sleeping, and the stress was killing me. But my motivation kept me alive! I went through tough times in the beginning figuring out how to run a gym, considering I was the sole person building the business and running it with my family being silent partners and all, but I found my way. We’re now a thriving gym of over 450 members and growing rapidly. My fitness was in full force and my body was really coming together. I stumbled upon bodybuilding.com in October 2012 and found out there was a challenge to be the Ironman Magazine Bodyspace spokemodel challenge. I figured I’d give it a whirl. “I never imagined I’d get into the top 20, then top 5 and now I am the Newest Spokesmodel for Bodybulding.com out of more than 600 contestants around the country! “But what do you know? I did and here I am! I am on Cloud 9. I have so much to be thankful for; I feel like I am on top of the world. Owning my own gym and inspiring my members each and every day, and now having the chance to be an inspiration to the WORLD! It doesn’t get any better than this…..or does it? “The sky is the limit. Never put put your dreams to the side. Always strive to be something you n ever thought possible. You have a chance to do something epic, something amazing, and something out of this world. Never loose that motivation and always look up because the stars are within arms’ reach!” So (Leslie here now), I ask, How could I not tell you about him? And yes, we agree that a lot of “after” pictures we see look a lot like Brian’s “before.”

Christensen, William R., M.D. Title Christensen, William R., M.D. Description Dr Christensen was born in Salt Lake City in 1917. Dr Christensen received his A.B. from the University of Utah in 1938 and his M.D. from Harvard University in 1942. Dr Christensen was Professor of Radiology and Chair of the Department of Radiology from 1952-1970. Dr Christensen retired from the University of Utah and went into private practice until 1982. Dr Christensen was elected president of the Utah State Medical Association in 1973 and in 1978 president of the Harvard Medical Alumni Association. Dr Christensen served in various capacities with the American Cancer Society, American Roentgen Ray Society, American College of Radiology, New York Academy of Science, North American Radiological Society and Association of University Radiologists. Dr Christensen died in 2013.

1. Portrait of I. Shapiro in the Kovno ghetto. 2. Portrait of Ida Karnovski sitting in her room in the Kovno ghetto. 3. Two members of the Jewish General Fighting Organization in the Kovno ghetto. 4. Copy of an invitation to a celebration in the Kovno ghetto religious school on August 15, 1943. 5. Children working in an ORT carpentry workshop in the Kovno ghetto. 6. Jews in the Kovno ghetto who have been assembled for deportation, look on while their luggage is loaded onto trucks. 7. A group of Jewish women are gathered near the market square in the Kovno ghetto. 8. A small group of Jews reads the announcements posted by the Jewish Council in a display box on a street in the Kovno ghetto. 9. Group portrait of six young women in the Kovno ghetto who are members of the Irgun Brit Zion Zionist youth movement. 10. Jews are gathered near one of the entrances to the Kovno ghetto while moving their belongings into the ghetto.

The Governing Body of The Frithville and New York Federation, agreed to convert to an academy and join a local Multi Academy Trust (MAT) in December 2018 with Queen Elizabeth Grammar School and Bannovallum Secondary School, Horncastle. The schools will be equal partners within the MAT which is known as Horncastle Education Trust (HET). For more information on this, please select from the choice below.

A lot of new poets forget a very important rule when it comes to writing. I’m hoping most of you know or at least have heard of the poem Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll. It’s often part of the staple diet to children’s poetry and you might wonder why I’m bringing it up. Those lucky to have studied this in school may have exhausted analysing this piece but I think the lessons it teaches about poetry are often forgotten in a lot of new writer’s work. Let’s get back to the basics. Here’s the opening stanza: Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogroves, And the mome raths outgrabe. To start, two words: ‘slithy and ‘mimsy.’ These are both examples of portmanteau; ‘slithy‘ is a combination of ‘slimy’ and ‘lithe’ whilst ‘mimsy‘ is a combination of ‘miserable’ and ‘flimsy.’ Well done for pointing out the obvious, Gibley. But Carroll obviously knew these weren’t words. He could have found an alternative word or he could risk butchering the meter with an additional one but instead, he stuck to what he wanted. He fused the words together in a maverick movement. He knew these weren’t words but did it anyway and continued to do it throughout the piece. And it worked – we can understand what slithy means by just the sound of it – it’s brilliant. That’s the importance of this poem and it teaches a lesson that should remain prominent when producing your work: there are no rules when it comes to expression. You create what you feel, what you think and what you love. A lot of the times you’ll think what you want is undefinable – often, there isn’t a word close enough to accurately portray what you want to say. Carroll couldn’t find the right word for the expression he wanted – but he had to. In his creation of the (then) new portmanteau device, he broke those barriers we seem to impose on our work and allowed the poem to expand, to flourish, to breathe. This isn’t maths. There are formulas you can break. There are ways you can manipulate lexis, syntax and punctuation, phrases, adjectives and clichés and you should if it feels right. What rule does the new poet forget? There are no rules. Making sure you are not bound by your vocabulary is one of them. Keep writing. Speak your heart.

Pollination is the biological process by which pollen from the male part of the flower transfers to the female part of the same or on different flowers. Pollination results in fertilization and the production of seeds. Pollination is important for the reproduction of plants. Pollination can occur in different ways, such as through the wind, water, or animals such as bees, butterflies, and many more. However, some plant species are self-pollinating or do not require pollinators to reproduce. What is Pollination? Pollination can be defined as the transfer of pollen from an anther the male part of the plant to the stigma, which is the female part of the plant. Pollen can be transmitted through animals such as insects and birds, and also through water, wind, etc., and they are known as pollinating agents. Stamen will interact with the stigma of the same species of flower, so it is important that stamen will reach the stigma of the same family plant for successful pollination. Process of Pollination Pollination begins with the transfer of pollen grains to the stigma in a flower of a plant, when pollen grain reaches then a pollen tube will be formed with the style length that basically connects the stigma and ovary. When the pollen tube is completely formed the pollen grain will start transmitting sperms to the ovary. When the sperm cell (Pollen grains) reaches the ovary the fertilization process will begin and the seed will be released from the parent and allowed to grow into a plant and then continue its reproductive cycle using the pollination method. Also Read: Androecium Agents of Pollination During sexual reproduction, these agents of pollination are the ones who transfer pollen grains from one to flower or plant. It is classified based on Anatomy and on what types of forces are involved. Classification based on Anatomy - Syndromic agents: These agents can be insects or animals that feed on nectar. Basically while gathering food, these agents attach pollens with themselves and make themselves pollinating agents in cross-pollination. - Proboscis agents: These agents are animals that feed through their long tongues called proboscis. They basically collect pollen from one plant while feeding and then transfer it to another plant. Classification based on what types of forces are involved - Abiotic factors– agents that use physical forces. For example- wind, water, rain, etc. - Biotic factors – agents that work with living organisms. For example- insects such as bees, butterflies, etc. Types of Pollination Plants having flowers depend on pollination for reproduction. There are two types of pollination: - Self Pollination Self-pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred from the anther of one flower of a plant to the stigma in the same flower of the same plant. It can also occur when pollen grains are transferred from the anther of one flower of one plant to the stigma of another flower but of the same plant. During self-pollination, the eggs and sperm of the same flower share the same genetic information which leads to a reduction in genetic diversity. Advantages of Self-Pollination - Less wastage of pollen grains as compared to cross-pollination. - It ensures a standard harvest quality in vegetable gardening and farming. - It ensures the elimination of recessive characters. - It doesn’t rely on any pollinators like bees, water, wind, etc. - They require less effort than plants as they don’t need pollinators. - It ensures that even a small quantity of produced pollens from plants can achieve a good success rate in the population. Disadvantages of Self-Pollination The primary disadvantage of self-pollination is that gene mixing not occurred in self-pollination. - Seeds will be less in number. - Due to reduced genetic diversity, the offspring will have less immunity to diseases. Cross-pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred from the anther of one flower of one plant to the stigma of another flower of another plant. During cross-pollination, the eggs and sperms will share their different genetic information which leads to an increase in genetic diversity. While combining the different genetic information the offspring will become unique. Types of Cross-pollination Cross-Pollination occurred via both biotic and abiotic factors. Following are the Pollination by Animals-Zoophily Basically, this is the pollination that is done by animals. Animals play an essential role in plant reproduction as they help in seed dispersal. The animals spread the seeds as they eat fruits from one plant and move to another new location. Pollination by Wind-Anemophily Basically, this is the pollination that is done by the wind. When pollens are transferred to the female part of the plant that is stigma through the wind. Basically, this is artificial pollination which means pollination is done by human beings. This is done by spreading the pollen grains over the female part of the plant. The hybridization technique can be used in this process. Advantages of Cross-Pollination The following are the advantages of cross-pollination: - New varieties of crops and plants can be formed. - All unisexual plants can involve in cross-pollination. - Offspring will be healthier as there is an increase in genetic diversity during cross-pollination. - Produced seeds will be more viable. Disadvantages of Cross-Pollination - More wastage of pollen grains as compared to self-pollination. - During meiosis, genetic recombination will create chances of eliminating the good characters and adding unnecessary characters in offspring. Mechanism that Prevents Self-pollination Two noticeable mechanisms that prevent self-pollination are: - Natural Way - Chemical Way The natural way is dichogamy. A situation in which pollen grains are shed either before or after the period during which the stigma of the same plant is receptive. The chemical way is Chemical self-incompatibility. Basically, this depends upon the chemical substances that are already present in the plant, pollen may not grow on the stigma of the same flower that produced it. Alternatively, the pollen tube may not be able to fertilize by growing the stem normally after germination. Chemical incompatibility is usually not found in plants that have strong temporal or structural barriers to self-pollination. The formation of such a mechanism during evolution was clearly sufficient for most plant species. Mechanism that Permits Self-pollination - Perfect flower: This type of flower also called bisexual and hermaphroditic flower, is self-fertilized by being present in a single plant because both male and female reproductive organs are present in the same flower. It will be promoted. When pollen release and stigma receptivity are synchronized and there is no mechanism to facilitate pollen transfer from flower to flower, pollen transfer within the flower is guaranteed. - Homogamy: Female and male reproductive organs mature at the same time. That is, pollen is released as soon as the stigma is absorbed. - Cleistogamy: This is a plant mechanism in which pollination and fertilization occur before or just before flowering. FAQs on Pollination Q1: What is pollination? The transfer of pollen from anther the male part of the plant to the stigma which is the female part of the plant is known as pollination. Q2:What are the 2 types of pollination? Pollination is divided into 2 types based on the pollinating agent: Q3: What is pollinated by bees called? Pollination by bees is known as entormophily. Q4: What is pollination by water called? Pollination via water is known as surface hydrophilly. Aquatic plants are pollinated with water. Pollen floats over the water till it reached the flower. Please Login to comment...

Turns out, there is an increasing need to prevent obesity because of the consequences for mental and physical health. The study explored the impact of aspects of physical health, such as body weight, heart health and blood pressure, to see whether a wide age range of individuals with poorer physical health went on to be less happy and less satisfied with their lives. Previous studies have shown that individuals who are happier and more satisfied with their lives tend to have better physical health and live longer than those who have lower mental well being. But these studies leave the classic chicken and egg question – which comes first? Using a technique called Mendelian randomization, the researchers asked whether poorer physical health causes lower mental well-being, or whether individuals with lower mental well-being are more likely to go on to have later problems with their physical health. This technique provides evidence of the direction of causation by using genetic variants that have been associated with physical health and mental well-being. Unlike previous methods, this technique helps to rule out the influence of other factors that might be causing both physical health and mental well-being. The research team was able to test 11 measures of physical health including coronary artery disease, heart attack, cholesterol, blood pressure, body fat and Body Mass Index (BMI). Results suggested a consistent causal effect of higher BMI on lower mental well-being. There was little evidence that the other physical health traits were leading to less happiness and life satisfaction. The same pattern of results was seen in a follow-up analysis using the UK Biobank cohort of over 300,000 individuals aged 40 to 70 years old. Here the authors were able to look at different aspects of life satisfaction and found that the key impact of higher BMI was on lower satisfaction with health. They were also able to show that the effect is present from age 40 through to age 70, and in both men and women.

|Tutorial 2: Introduction To Schema.org| Next: Introduction To JSON-LD In our last tutorial, we learned how structured data could enable software - such as a search engine - to extract key things and facts from a web page. And, a little of what this knowledge could be used for. In this lesson, we will learn how to embed structured data in a page using one of the most popular standards on the web - the schema.org standard. After this tutorial, you should be able to: Estimated time: 5 minutes You should have already understood the following lesson (and pre-requisites) before you begin: If this is the first time you have come across structured data, the chances are you are not familiar with schema.org. Schema.org was started in June 2011 by search giants Bing, Google and Yahoo!. It's main goal is to define a standard, machine-readable vocabulary that can describe the key things and facts on a page in a way that search engines can understand. We begin by looking at a first example that embeds schema.org vocabulary within HTML markup. In doing so, we assume that you have some basic understanding of HTML. 2.1 A First Example Important Our first example of embedding structured data on a web page will focus on embedding the structured data within HTML using what is called Microdata.There are other ways of embedding structured data within a web page, but we will look at these later. Do not concern yourself about the details for now, we will cover these gradually in this tutorial. However, one thing to notice is that this is HTML taken from our website (simplified). Not only does this HTML as usual define the layout of the information on the page, but it also includes semantic schema.org markup to tell the search engines what this page contains. In this case, the page is describing information on one of our e-Books including its price, title, and the currency in which it is sold. As an exercise, look at the HTML above and see if you can see a little of how this might be, before we look more closely. Note Just like we saw in our semantic web and RDF tutorial primer, using structured data in markup in this way is another manifestation of the semantic web. 'Structured data' actually embeds machine readable semantics in a page, in addition to the textual content. 2.2 Microdata Format The above starting example uses one of the most popular ways of expressing structured data on the web: Microdata syntax. Unlike some other syntaxes used to express structured data, microdata embeds the strctured data within the HTML of the page itself. This means it is ideal for annotating legacy websites with structured data; so you don't need to rewrite your web pages. The above example shows a number of microdata concepts in action. Let's learn each of these, by building up this example step-by-tep. 2.3 Starting With The HTML Markup We begin by first removing all the microdata from our starting example, leaving us only with the bare HTML markup for the page: This markup describes a fairly simple layout with the price, and title, of a book. If you were to view this HTML as a web page, it would look like this: 2.4 Start By Defining The 'Thing' We Are Describing Here's the problem for the search engines. Whilst a major search engine can guess that '$2.95' might be a price, and can see that the page might include information on the semantic web from the title 'Semantic Web Primer', it has no idea from the markup above what in fact the page is describing. For example, it has no way of know really that the price $2.95 is connected to the phrase 'Semantic Web Primer'. And, it cannot interpret just from both the title and price here that what it is collectively describing is a book. Presented with the simple layout shown above, a human being might be able to guess that it was describing a book, but search engines do not have such capabilities. Hence we use structured data. We are describing a book in the markup above. So, let's tell the search engines that. We do this by looking up a matching piece of vocabulary for the term 'Book' in schema.org. If you go to the schema.org website, you will see that the schema.org vocabulary already has a URI that describes a book: http://schema.org/Book. Note Just as we saw in our Introducing Graph Data tutorial on RDF, every thing we define on a page using microdata has a globally unique URI. Because URIs are globally unique and machine readable, a search engine can have 100% confidence in what it is defining on a page. Contrast this with the difficulty of using human language and keywords alone to do this - given that search engines have to index billions, or trillions of pages each day, microdata offers a very efficient way to quickly index the information on the page. Now that we have a URI that defines our book, we can insert it into the HTML like so: The use of the syntax itemscope in the opening <div> tag tells search engines (or other microdata readers) that the <div> tag defines the scope of an item - or a thing. Secondly is the use of the itemtype attribute, which says that the type of the item is http://schema.org/Book. Now we have defined the scope of the item in the markup, within this scope we can now define some properties of the item. 2.5 Adding Item Properties So far, we have told the search engines that a book is defined within our <div> tag. Within this tag, we can also enrich our definition of the book by adding some properties of the book. Again, using microdata syntax and schema.org vocabulary we will define: Notice that not all of these properties are visible on the visible HTML layout. Some of them will only ever be seen by the search engines and not a human reader. Important Using microdata, you can add additional enhanced information to your HTML layout that is only visible to the search engines. We will see such an example now when defining our book. The properties of an item are added within the item scope by using the 'itemprop' attribute. The name of the property itself (for example 'bookFormat', 'publisher') is taken directly from the corresponding schema.org vocabulary. In this case, we find the corresponding list of valid properties on the schema.org page http://schema.org/Book - conveniently the exact same URI as our original itemtype URI. Some of these properties are fairly self-explanatory, and so we will not go through each one separately. However, there are some key points to note. The title of the book ('Semantic Web Primer (First Edition)') appears on the page. But, to tell the search engines that it is the 'name' property of the book also, a <span> element has been added around it and the itemprop microdata attribute has been used to tell the search engines that the value within the <span> block is the 'name' property's value. In this way, we have both shown the title of the book in the page layout, but also told the search engines that this book's name is 'Semantic Web Primer (First Edition)'. The ability to do more than one thing at once in this way is one of the things that makes microdata syntax popular. Remember One of the great things about microdata syntax is that both the visible HTML layout of the page as well as the structured data can be expressed in the same HTML elements - no need for separate structured data. We have also added some additional properties to this HTML markup now as well which are not visible in the page layout to the user, but are still visible to the search engines as structured data. 2.6 Adding Simple Properties Using Microdata The 'publisher' property for example is not shown in the visible web page layout. It is a simple literal property (e.g. some text, or a number). Such literal properties in microdata syntax can be expressed by using the standard 'meta' HTML element. The 'itemprop' attribute as usual specifies the item property name, and the 'content' attribute specifies the literal value. Note You can use microdata to add additional properties an information that are not visible in the HTML layout. Lastly, you'll notice not all our item properties are simple literal values. Some of them are other items themselves, with their own properties. 2.7 Adding Item (Complex) Properties Using Microdata Look at the 'offers' property of the book. This is a standard property of a creative work under the schema.org vocabulary and carries its own properties, such as price and currency. Important Properties of items in structured data can also be items themselves. Sometimes these are referred to as 'nested items'. But just note for now that not all properties are simple properties. In microdata, similarly to how we used the 'itemscope' together with 'itemtype' attribute to specify that structured data properties with our outer <div> block define a book, the same syntax is used to specify that the item property 'offers' has an itemscope with item type http://schema.org/Offer. Look at line 07 above to see that you appreciate the microdata syntax in the example. As a final exercise, go to the schema.org page http://schema.org/Book and see if you can add some new simple and item (complex) properties to the markup above. Be creative and make up your own new properties of the e-book. 2.8 Validating Microdata Syntax So you've defined your book using microdata, and are excited to publish it on the web for the search engines to index. How can you be sure that your microdata syntax is valid? Luckily some free tools are available from major search engines such as Google to validate structured data and to show you how the search engines see your microdata. One popular validator is the Google structured data testing tool. Once you have completed the final exercise in 2.7, try giving it a go. You have completed this lesson. You should now understand the following: You should now be able to start the following tutorial:

Life had its ups and downs and though they were poor, my mother, Frances, said they always had enough to eat and clothes to wear. Grandma made sure of that. She was very industrious and used whatever bits of this and that to make something beautiful. She was a marvellous housekeeper, no matter how much work she had to do, her home was perfectly clean and delicious food was prepared. She was thoughtful and generous. She often "did without" so that others "would have". She had a beautiful smile and a contagious laugh. She was a committed believer in Jesus Christ. When I would ask her how she was, she would always reply: "Thanks to the good Lord, I'm doing fine". She would always end a visit or a phone call with a warm "God bless you" or "Dios lo bendiga". I know that Grandma never had a life of luxury, but she was always thankful for what she had. I can only wonder now what she will do in her mansion in heaven! She never learned to drive a car, but surely now she will have wings to fly! Aurora leaves behind 5 children, (Freddy was tragically taken away), 18 grand children, 30 great-grandchildren and 1 great-great-grandchild. She also leaves behind 4 brothers and many others family members and friends. For those who put their faith in Jesus, we leave this life for one that is better. Grandma, I will see you again one day in a place where there are no tears or pain. Tell Grandpa that he will have to teach me again those number games and that I owe him thousands and thousands of kisses. Tell Freddy that he looks good in white and enjoy getting to finally know Faustina. From one of your granddaughters, With love, Judy Today we mourn the passing away of our cherished mother, beloved grandmother, blessed great-grandmother and great-great grandmother, faithful sister, aunt, cousin and friend. We are sad because it is hard to lose someone we love so much. But in our sorrow, we can reflect on her life and find so many reasons to be thankful for a full and blessed life. Aurora Suniga Longoria My grandmother, Aurora Suniga was born October 16, 1916. She was one of eight children raised in Gonzales, Texas. I can only imagine that Aurora was a great help to her mother and father and a committed sister to her seven brothers and sisters. She married Manuel Longoria in 1937 and gave life to 7 children. One daughter – Faustina - died at birth, but was never forgotten (October 16, 1916 – August 11, 2007) Back On to Genealogy

Your courses might be validated by a UK university, but how can you get a mark of quality which shows that all aspects of your organisation meet UK standards in your own locality? As an independent higher education institution teaching in English outside the UK, BAC’s independent higher education accreditation gives you added visibility in a highly competitive market and instils confidence in the quality of your institution. The reputation of UK higher education attracts students worldwide. To attract the most able both locally and globally, external recognition of your institution gives you that competitive edge. BAC will inspect your management, teaching, student welfare, and premises and ensure that your organisation meets the high standards required of a higher education institution in the UK, but in a local context. Achievement in all these areas awards you independent higher education accreditation from the British Accreditation Council for four years. - Governance, Strategy and Financial Management - Academic Management and Administration - Teaching, Learning and Assessment - Student Recruitment, Support, Guidance and Progression - Premises, Facilities and Learning Resources - Quality Management, Assurance and Enhancement Achievement in all these areas awards you accreditation by the British Accreditation Council for four years. Is this the right scheme for you? The Independent Higher Education Institution (IHEI) accreditation scheme is designed for those institutions which deliver the majority of their programmes at HE level. The inspection standards and key indicators are intended to be specific to the delivery of higher education (particularly British higher education), in part informed by the UK’s Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education and the responsibilities of partner organisations set out in the Handbook for the Quality Management of Collaborative Provision developed by the Council of Validating Universities. This scheme is open to both institutions based in the UK and international. If you are a provider of higher education, the Independent Higher Education accreditation scheme can add value and prestige to your institution. How to apply Full details on the application and inspection process are outlined in the what is involved section. When you are ready, email the enquiry form below to info@the-bac.org . One of the BAC team will contact you to organise a meeting to discuss accreditation.

The Baofeng BF-F9+TP is the upgraded version of BF-F9+. With its 128 channel capacity and up to 12 hours of battery life, the BF-F9+TP is a great option for ham radio operators who need mobility on a budget. This amateur handheld radio is loaded with features, but the most unique is the display. The BF-F9+TP sports a black inverted LCD display! Sharp and distinct, the display on the BF-F9+TP sets it apart from nearly all other handheld amateur transceivers and gives it extra class.

Minimise our waste and then reuse or recycle as much as possible. Minimise energy and water usage in our buildings, vehicles and processes in order to conserve supplies and minimise our consumption of natural resources, especially where they are non renewable. Operate and maintain company vehicles with due regard to environmental issues as far as reasonably practical and encourage the use of alternative means of transport and car / van sharing as appropriate. Address any complaints in regard to any breach of our policy. Strive to meet all environmental rules and regulations, in order to protect our environment through sound management practices and decisions. Conserve natural resources by adopting pollution prevention practices. Ex: extending the life of equipment, purchasing and reworking used equipment etc. Develop and improve operations and technologies to minimize waste, and other pollution, minimize health and safety risks, and dispose of waste safely and responsibly. Establish procedures for periodic review of environmental compliance with all laws and regulations. Establish procedures to ensure all employees are knowledgeable of, understand and comply with all applicable environmental laws and regulations. Promptly correct any practice or condition not in compliance on sites. The Managing Director has been assigned overall responsibility for overseeing all activities pertaining to Environmental matters and is responsible for ensuring that all these activities receive adequate direction and control. This policy will be kept up to date, particularly as legislation changes and the business changes in nature and size. This policy and the way in which it is implemented will be reviewed annually. 1.1 LAC is committed to eliminating discrimination and encouraging diversity amongst our employees, learners, and stakeholders. Our aim is that our employees and learners will be truly representative of all sections of society and each employee / learner feels respected and able to give their best. 1.2 To that end the purpose of this policy is to provide equality and fairness for all in our employment and work based learning provision, and not to discriminate on grounds of gender, marital status, race, ethnic origin, colour, nationality, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, religion or age and we oppose all forms of unlawful and unfair discrimination. 1.3 All employees / learners whether part-time, full-time or temporary will be treated fairly and with respect. Selection for employment, promotion, apprenticeship, training or any other benefit will be on the basis of aptitude and ability. All employees / learners will be helped and encouraged to develop their full potential and their talents and resources will be fully utilised to maximise the efficiency of the organisation and our stakeholders. 2.1 To create an environment in which the contributions of an individual, all employees and all of our learners are recognised and valued. 2.2 Every employee / learner is entitled to a working environment that promotes dignity and respect to all and where there is a zero tolerance to any form of intimidation, bullying or harassment. 2.3 Training, development, and progression opportunities are available to all employees / learners. 2.4 Equality in the workplace is good management practice and makes sound business sense. 2.5 LAC will review all of its employment practices and procedures and those related to our learners to ensure fairness on an annual basis. 2.6 Breaches of our Equality and Diversity Policy will be regarded as misconduct and could lead to disciplinary proceedings. Loughborough Air Conditioning Ltd recognises its duty to comply with the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Provide adequate resources to maintain health and safety. Carry out risk assessments and review them when necessary. Provide and maintain systems of work that are safe and without risk to health. Provided for use at work, which are safe and without risk to health. Carry out health surveillance, where required. Make adequate provision and arrangements for welfare facilities at work. Keep the workplace safe and ensure that access and egress are safe and without risk. Take reasonable care of their own health and safety, and that of others who may be affected by their acts or omissions at work. Co-operate with others in the company to fulfil our statutory duties. Not interfere with, misuse or wilfully damage anything provided in the interest of health and safety. Review it annually, or on significant changes in our business. Make any such changes known to employees. Maintain procedures for communication and consultation between all levels of staff on matters of health, safety and welfare.

In Vitro Dermal Safety Assessment of Silver Nanowires after Acute Exposure: Tissue vs. Cell Models Silver nanowires (AgNW) are attractive materials that are anticipated to be incorporated into numerous consumer products such as textiles, touchscreen display, and medical devices that could be in direct contact with skin. There are very few studies on the cellular toxicity of AgNW and no studies that have specifically evaluated the potential toxicity from dermal exposure. To address this question, we investigated the dermal toxicity after acute exposure of polymer-coated AgNW with two sizes using two models, human primary keratinocytes and human reconstructed epidermis. In keratinocytes, AgNW are rapidly and massively internalized inside cells leading to dose-dependent cytotoxicity that was not due to Ag+ release. Analysing our data with different dose metrics, we propose that the number of NW is the most appropriate dose-metric for studies of AgNW toxicity. In reconstructed epidermis, the results of a standard in vitro skin irritation assay classified AgNW as non-irritant to skin and we found no evidence of penetration into the deeper layer of the epidermis. The findings show that healthy and intact epidermis provides an effective barrier for AgNW, although the study does not address potential transport through follicles or injured skin. The combined cell and tissue model approach used here is likely to provide an important methodology for assessing the risks for skin exposure to AgNW from consumer products. Introduction In the past 10 years, silver nanowires (AgNW) have emerged as an attractive material for a range of applications including transparent, flexible, conductive electrodes and thin films. With competitive properties to indium tin oxide (ITO), such as high optical transparency and low sheet resistance, but at lower cost and with resistance to flexing, they are predicted to replace ITO in solar cells, touch screen, liquid and flexible displays [1][2][3]. Although many studies have investigated the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP), finding a significant role for the release of Ag + ions and oxidative stress induction [4,5], few studies have been dedicated to AgNW. Key studies using models for respiratory exposure have demonstrated that AgNW confirm at least partially to the fibre pathogenicity paradigm, with a length threshold for pulmonary inflammation and toxicity in rodents and frustrated phagocytosis by macrophages in vivo and in vitro [6][7][8][9][10]. Additional in vitro studies with alveolar epithelial cells, non-immune cell models for respiratory exposure, have observed variable measures of toxicity. In A549 cells, exposure to AgNW induces some cytotoxicity in one study [11], but not in another one at low doses [12]. In other cell lines, such as TT1 and ATII, no toxicity was observed at the concentration tested although an increased inflammatory response was observed [13,14]. Although respiratory exposure is certainly relevant to occupational health, dermal exposure may be a more important risk for consumers due to the development of touchscreen displays [15,16], wearable textiles [17][18][19], and medical devices incorporating AgNW [20,21]. Anticipating the development of AgNW-enabled touchscreens, Verma et al. exposed a range of cell lines (epithelial, endothelial, gastric, and phagocytic) to 3-6 µm long AgNWs, in suspension or embedded in a transparent electrode, finding for the suspension AgNW a low level of cytotoxicity at a relatively low maximum dose (5 µg/mL) varying depending on cell type and increasing with AgNW doses and time of incubation [22]. These studies point to risks for AgNW exposure to numerous cell lines but have not provided a clear understanding of the conditions leading to adverse outcomes and are just an initial step for evaluating the potential hazard for the consumer. Here we describe an investigation into the dermal route of exposure to AgNW. We performed paired AgNW uptake and cytotoxicity studies in human primary keratinocytes (HPK) cells and in reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model (epiCS). Indeed, HPK are the major cell component of the epidermis and RHE is an alternative model that presents the three-dimensional architecture of skin tissue, including the outer protective barrier. RHE models are used for dermal exposure to cosmetics and environmental irritants and pollutants with approved OECD guidelines like the in vitro skin irritation assay [23]. Such an approach has been used to determine the extent of penetration and the toxicity of several nanomaterials [24,25], but not yet for AgNW. Silver Nanowires Characterization Short and long polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated AgNW suspensions (S-AgNW and L-AgNW) were purchased from nanoComposix (San Diego, CA, USA) and were stored in lightproof bottles in an anaerobic chamber. Both solutions of AgNW were imaged by SEM and the length and diameter observed were in agreement with manufacturer specifications and with previous observations [26] (Table S1). AgNW were supplied into water at 1 mg/mL suspension. They were diluted into complete keratinocytes culture medium, then agitated gently for 1 min and they were well dispersed without aggregation, as observed throughout this study by light microscopy (data not shown). AgNW settling rates were assessed by measuring a series of optical absorption spectra (Ocean Optics, Largo, FL, USA) of unstirred 4-mL suspensions of 1 µg/mL S-AgNW and L-AgNW in keratinocyte culture media (KSFM; Life Tech., Villebon Sur Yvette, France) at different times. AgNW present a peak of absorption at 380 nm, the decrease of absorbance at 380 nm over the time reflect then AgNW settling. Measurements were performed in closed 1-cm path-length quartz cuvettes. The calculation of AgNW concentration expressed as the number of AgNW/mL was made using the following formula: where N = number of wires/mL; C = concentration (g/mL); π = Pi; r = radius; l = length; d = density. The calculated volume and surface area/single NW is indicated in Table S1. Ionic Silver Release into Media Ag + release into complete keratinocytes culture medium was quantified by adding AgNWs to culture medium and measuring the dissolved silver concentration at different intervals with ICP-MS (Perkin-Elmer Elan DRC II) as previously described [26]. Cell Culture Normal human keratinocytes were isolated from skin tissue obtained after breast plastic surgery, from healthy Caucasian donors (32 to 34 year old) with their informed consent (Department of "Chirurgie Plastique et Maxillo-faciale", CHU Grenoble, La Tronche, France). Keratinocytes were isolated from the skin explant as described previously [27] and cells from at least three different donors were used for each experiment. Human primary keratinocytes were then cultured in keratinocyte serum free medium (KSFM; Life Tech.) supplemented with 25 µg/mL Bovine Pituitary extract (BPE), 0.9 ng/mL recombinant human epithelial growth factor (EGF) and primocin (Life Tech., Villebon Sur Yvette, France) at 37 • C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO 2 . For all experiments cells were used at passages 2 or 3 only. Three dimensional human reconstructed epidermis epiCS (CellSystems, GmbH, Troisdorf, Germany) were maintained according to the suppliers' instructions in 6-well plates at 37 • C, 5% CO 2, and 95% relative humidity with epiCS medium. Human Primary Keratinocyte (HPK) assays were performed as follows. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates in complete KSFM medium. After 24 h, cells were treated with concentrations of 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 µg/mL of L-AgNW, S-AgNW and AgNO 3 as a control for silver ion toxicity. Silver nitrate (99.999% trace metal basis) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. After 24 h, cells were washed two times with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and fresh KSFM medium was added supplemented with 0.5 mg/mL MTT. After 3 h of incubation at 37 • C, formazan crystals were dissolved with 100 µL Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then transferred into new plates for absorbance reading at 560 nm using a microplate reader (Varioskan ® Flash, Thermo Scientific, Villebon-sur-Yvette, France). Cell viability was expressed relatively of absorbance of negative control (non-treated cells). Data analyses were performed with Excel 2013 for Windows. In order to ensure that there was no interference between the MTT and AgNW, the same experiment was performed without cells and the NW were pelleted by centrifugation (15 min at 800 g) before the addition of MTT. The absorbance measured was similar to the background (data not shown). In order to determine if Ag + ions released from the AgNW had any contribution to the observed loss of viability, we performed an ion-release experiment. After 24-h incubation with cells, cell supernatants were harvested, centrifuged (15 min at 800 g), and the supernatants were transferred onto other cells for another 24 h prior to a second MTT assay that was performed as described previously. In Vitro Skin Irritation Assay with epiCS RHE Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) assays were performed as follows. After 24 h of equilibration time, RHE were exposed topically to 50 µL of 0.6 mg/mL of S-AgNW, L-AgNW and the equivalent concentration of Ag + as AgNO 3 . A positive control with 3% Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was also performed. All dilutions were performed in sterile water and the suspensions fully covered the RHE surface. The same amount of water was added topically to the control non-treated samples. The treatment was applied as recommended in the OECD Test Guideline 439 [23] (in vitro skin irritation assay) for 20 min, then the RHE was washed 20 times in PBS and incubated 42 h. We also performed a longer exposition time, when no washes step was performed and incubation lasted 42 h. At the end of the 42 h, RHE were rinsed with PBS and MTT assay was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Absorbance measurement and analysis of the data were done as previously stated. Electron Microscopy Analysis (SEM and TEM) HPK were grown on glass coverslips and incubated with 1.56 µg/mL of AgNW for 24 h. Then, HPK were rinsed with Hanks Balanced Salt Solution, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde prepared in a 0.1-M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), dehydrated in 5 min baths of increasing concentrations of ethanol (70; 80; 85; 90; 95, and 100%) and then the samples were allowed to air dry at RT. Whole cells were observed with a Hitachi S4800 scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Centre for Nanohealth, College of engineering, Swansea, UK). Most samples were imaged without electrical charging artefacts but a few cases were coated with a Cr coating of 5 nm. Some HPK samples treated for 72 h were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in a 0.1-M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2, post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide and 1.5% potassium hexacyannoferrate(II) trihydrate, dehydrated with 30 min baths of increasing concentrations of ethanol (70; 95 and 3 times in 100%) and embedded in Epon resin (Delta Microscopy). Sections were cut (250 nm) with an ultramicrotome (Leica (Wetzlar, Germany), NanoID, CEA) and observed with a FEG SEM ZEISS GeminiSEM 500 (CMTC, France) using a backscatter detector. The contrast of images was inverted with Image J (NIH). RHE samples that were exposed to AgNW for 42 h were rinsed with PBS, fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in a 0.1-M sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.2, post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide for 1 h, counterstained with 0.5% uranyl acetate at pH 4 overnight, then dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol and embedded in Epon resin (Delta Microscopy). Ultra-thin and semi-fine sections (60 nm and 400 nm, respectively) with an ultramicrotome (Ultracut Leica) and observed with a JEOL 1200 EX transmission electron microscope (TEM) operated at 80 kV (Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, France). Semi-thin sections were stained with toluidine blue and visualized with a phase contrast microscope to assess RHE morphology. Confocal Microscopy HPK were grown on Lab-Tek™ chamber slides and incubated for 24 h with 1.56 µg/mL of AgNW. DNA was stained by the addition of Hoechst 33342 (1 µg/mL in PBS, Sigma) and images were acquired with a LSM710 confocal microscope (IAB, Grenoble, France). Hoechst fluorescence was excited with 405 nm laser and detected in 420-480 nm interval in confocal descanned mode with a pinhole diameter of 1 Airy unit. The AgNW were detected in confocal reflected light mode. For time lapse analysis, HPK were incubated immediately before imaging with 1.56 µg/mL of AgNW. Three-dimensional (3D) stack images were acquired using a 40X/1.2 water immersion objective with Zen software (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). The top and bottom points of the cells were defined, and 29 z-stacks with a step size of 0.5 µm per time point were acquired each 2 min for 8 h with a LSM 510 Carl Zeiss confocal microscope (IAB, Grenoble, France). Image analysis was performed with Image J (NIH). Cytoviva Microscopy HPK were grown on glass coverslips and exposed for 72 h to 1.56 µg/mL of AgNW. After incubation, the cells were rinsed with PBS, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with Hoechst 33342. Dark-field micrographs and hyperspectral images were acquired with a CytoViva hyperspectral microscopy system (CEA, NanoSafety Platform, Grenoble, France). The hyperspectral data were converted to text files using ENVI software and analysed in the IgorPro software using the GG Macros routines developed for spectromicroscopy. The lineshapes of all visible-to-near-infrared (V-NIR) spectra dominated the output of the lamp and the precise alignment of the condenser, making quantitative spectroscopy very difficult. However, by subtracting a spectrum from a nearby bright Ag-free biological structure, V-NIR spectra of AgNW and AgNR could be obtained. AgNW Characterization The two sizes of commercial PVP-coated AgNW used in this study came from the same supplier as prior studies and as described in the methods section. They possessed similar dimensions and minor nanorods (AgNR) contamination as described previously [9,26]. The average dimensions were approximately 2 µm × 40 nm (length × diameter) for the short samples (S-AgNW) and 20 µm × 50 nm for the long sample (L-AgNW) ( Table S1). AgNW diluted into complete keratinocytes culture medium were well dispersed without aggregation, as observed throughout this study by light microscopy (data not shown). We followed AgNW settling in culture medium by measuring the decrease of absorbance at 380 nm ( Figure 1A). L-AgNW settled faster than S-AgNW. Although the spectrophotometric data cannot easily be converted to settling rates, it is likely that the L-AgNW settled completely within 24 h in the well-plates used for toxicity assays. The release of Ag + into cell-free media was measured for 50 µg/mL AgNW dilution by ICP-MS over the time ( Figure 1B). After 28 h incubation, Ag + concentration reached 0.4-0.5 µg/mL for the short-and long-NW respectively. Ag + dissolution was measured also after 2 weeks of incubation and the concentration was 0.6 µg/mL for both types of AgNW. Acute Cytotoxicity The acute cytotoxicity of AgNW and Ag + to human primary keratinocytes (HPK) was assessed using the MTT assay. Both types of AgNW induced moderate toxicity (Figure 2A) with a shallow dose response curve showing 35% and 50% viability after 24 h at the highest concentration tested (50 µg/mL) for the S-and L-AgNW, respectively. Much higher cytotoxicity was observed for Ag + with a sharper dose response, zero cell viability at 12.5 µg/mL and a calculated LD50 of 4 µg/mL. Similar cytotoxicity was observed with the neutral red uptake assay (data not shown). In order to investigate the possible contribution of Ag + release in the cell medium to the toxicity of AgNW, we harvested the cell supernatant after 24 h of exposure, centrifuged it, and added it to a fresh cell sample to perform an MTT assay after the 24-h incubation. All supernatants from AgNW exposure showed no toxicity at all (Figure 2B), consistent with the low measured Ag + release, approximately 1% w/w ( Figure 2B), and showing that the cytotoxicity observed after AgNW treatment is not due to Ag + release in medium. Similar results were reported with A549 cells after 48 h of exposure [11] although Ag + release in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS was higher than observed here for the keratinocytes medium that does not contain serum. Verma et al. also performed this ion release control experiment and did not observe any toxicity of the AgNW supernatant in A549 cells cultivated in Ham's F12 medium containing 10% FBS [22]. The supernatant from the AgNO 3 exposures exhibited lower-toxicity responses in this second experiment than in the first one ( Figure 3B). For example, while only~10% viability was obtained in the first assay at 6.25 µg/mL Ag + , the supernatant from this sample gave 100% viability. This is consistent with a portion of the added Ag + being removed from the media by sorption or uptake. Several reports [28,29] have suggested that mass concentration may not be the most appropriate dose metric for nanotoxicology studies. We then expressed our results using other metrics and in Figure 3 we compare cell viability relatively to mass of NW ( Figure 3A), particle number ( Figure 3B) and surface area ( Figure 3C). We observed an almost linear dose-response trend across both data sets with particle number ( Figure 3B). Thus our data on AgNW support the conclusions of previous studies [30,31] suggesting that particle number is the most relevant dose metric for fibre like nanomaterials. Also, S and L-AgNW induced similar toxicity, in agreement with prior work in which 1.5 and 8 µm AgNW induce a similar toxicity on A549 cells [11]. Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM with secondary-electron (SE) detection provided images of the surface morphology of the whole HPK fixed cells while imaging with backscattered-electron detection (BSE) revealed both AgNW outside and inside cells with high contrast [7]. Using the two detectors, SEM analysis of whole HPK cells revealed efficient internalization of AgNW after 24 and 72 h of exposure. For example, HPK cells exposed to a low dose of AgNW for 24 h showed many examples of complete AgNW internalization ( Figure 4A-D) as well as partially internalized AgNW ( Figure S1). No AgNW-like structures were present in any control non-treated cell ( Figure S2). SEM images of cross sectioned HPK cells also observed AgNW throughout the cell body ( Figure 5). These electron-dense dots or rods were not present in cells that were not exposed to AgNW ( Figure S3). Some AgNW were clearly localized inside endocytic vesicles but other AgNW were apparently present inside the cytoplasm at no specific location. The latter could have entered through an endocytic pathway and reached the cytoplasm through lysosome membrane damage, or may have pierced directly the cell membrane as demonstrated for some carbon nanotubes [32]. Internalized AgNW were never present inside the nuclear compartment, even after 72 h of exposure, in accord with a previous study of AgNW [14]. These results contrast with silver nanoparticles that were identified inside the nucleus of IMR-90 and U251 human cell lines [33], although the silver nanoparticles had a smaller diameter (6-20 nm) than the AgNW. Internalized S-and L-AgNW exhibited significant morphological alteration, including bending and breaking, not observed in AgNW that settled on the substrate without cell interactions ( Figure 4F). The surfaces of AgNW that were internalized inside cells also showed an increased roughness ( Figure 4H), similar to prior SEM images of AgNW located in the hemolymph of AgNW exposed daphnia [26]. Using high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) at high magnification, Chen et al. demonstrated that sulphidization reactions leading to the formation of silver sulphide (Ag 2 S) occurred close to and on the surface of PVP-coated AgNW within human alveolar epithelial (TT1) cells [14]. It is likely that the surface modifications observed here represent similar oxidative sulphidation and reprecipitation reactions. Confocal Fluorescence and Reflectance Microscopy Confocal microscopy of HPK cells that were fixed and stained with Hoechst following 24-h L-AgNW exposure revealed a high density of AgNW and AgNR throughout the cytoplasm ( Figure 6 and Movie S1). Longer, unbroken AgNW were clearly wrapped around the cell nucleus which neither contained any detectable AgNW nor AgNR. Time-lapse confocal microscopy of live cells captured an apparent internalization event that occurred during a 2 min interval, 1 h 26 min. after the addition of L-AgNW to cells (Movie S2). This result shows that the kinetic of AgNW internalization is fast although the mechanism remains unclear. Figure 6. Confocal images showing the uptake and the cellular distribution of long AgNWs in human primary keratinocytes cells after 24 h of exposure to 1.5 µg/mL of L-AgNW. Scale bars represent 5 µm. Images were acquired in different mode (from left to right images): reflectance; transmittance; fluorescence in order to visualize respectively the NW; the cell and the nucleus that was stained with Hoechst. Image on the right is the merge of the three images. Images are shown at three different focal plans in order to visualize different depth in the cells. Hyperspectral Microscopy Visible to near-infrared (V-NIR) spectra obtained from AgNW internalized by HPK cells consistently exhibited a red shift relative to AgNW that settled on the substrate (Figure 7). Quantification and interpretation of these spectral changes is challenging, particularly because the wavelength range of analysis does not overlap with the strong surface Plasmon resonance region of the optical excitation spectra. Moreover, the V-NIR response of Ag can be altered by several processes. For example, Pratsinis et al. used hyperspectral microscopy to locate AgNP internalized by murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells, ATCC) [34]. They observed a red-shift in some internalized objects attributed to aggregation. Leclerc and Wilkinson studied toxicity of AgNP and AgNO 3 to C. reinhardtii [35]. They observed nanoparticulate Ag within algal cells following exposure to either AgNP or silver ion that exhibited a distinct spectral profile relative to external AgNP. This was interpreted as being due to secondary precipitation of Ag (S) following Ag + diffusion into the cell. Because the SEM data are consistent with silver sulphidisation reactions, and because no internal aggregation of NW is observed, we interpret the spectral changes to be caused by surface chemical change. Skin Irritation Assay and Histology An in vitro skin irritation assay was performed with epiCS reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) models as recommended in the OECD test guideline 439 [23]. Any decrease in viability was observed after 20 min of contact with AgNW followed by extensive PBS washing and 42 h recovery (data not shown). This assay was also performed with 42 h of contact and, as described in Table 1, although the positive control (3% SDS) induced a drastic decrease of RHE viability, S-AgNW and Ag + treatment generated a weak but significant decrease in viability (96.6% and 91.9% of viability respectively). According to these results, AgNW could then be classified as non-irritant to skin because the viability was higher than 50%. Moreover, RHE treated with AgNW showed a very similar histology to control non-treated samples ( Figure 8A-C). A survey of the literature identified other nanomaterial toxicants that did not induce skin irritation using the OECD test guideline 439 and RHE models. For example, MWCNT at a dose of 10 mg/insert [25] and zinc oxide nanoparticles at a concentration 0.5 mg/mL [24] caused no decrease in RHE viability, even though the LD50 for the latter was 50 µg/mL in HaCat cell line. This difference in sensitivity between 2D cell culture and 3D RHE model is consistent with the efficient barrier protection of the reconstructed epidermis. In a recent study [36], silver nanoparticles with different sizes (10-100 nm) and with different coating (citrate, PVP or silica) as well as silver nitrate similarly did not induce skin irritation. In this study, the exposure time was 1 h followed by 42 h recovery and silver concentration was 1 mg/mL. Table 1. Cell viability determined by MTT assay of reconstructed human epidermis after topical application for 42 h of short, long silver nanowire (AgNWs) and AgNO3 at 600 µg/mL and 3% Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as positive control of toxicity. Results are expressed as percentage of viability relative to the non-treated control samples as mean ± SD for n = 3. * p < 0.05 vs. control. Transmission Electron Microscopy We looked for evidence of cellular internalization of AgNW inside the epidermis model using TEM analysis of RHE ultrafine sections. Only one section out of five analysed showed any object consistent with the AgNW, in this case a bent NW lying on the surface of the stratum corneum layer ( Figure 8D,E). Supporting elemental composition analysis was not available but the measured average diameter was in concordance with AgNW characteristics. Absence of penetration into epidermis of silver nanoparticles was also observed in vivo in pig even after topical repetitive daily application for two weeks [37], although, focal inflammation and oedema was observed with increasing AgNP concentration. Our results show that compared to 2D cells in culture, which internalize extensively AgNW, the 3D RHE model showed no sign of penetration, which is consistent with the barrier function of the epidermis and the literature for many nanoparticles [38,39]. Although, few examples of NP penetration into the viable layer of intact epidermis or even the dermis have been reported [40,41]. There is also strong evidence that the extent of nanomaterial penetration into the skin changes, when the integrity of the skin barrier is altered by several factors such as UV exposure, flexing, hydration status, skin age, chemical or physical damage, and skin pathologies [28,42,43]. For example Mortensen et al. showed quantum dot nanoparticles penetration into the viable epidermis and dermis after exposure to UV simulating a sunburn [44]. Two studies found that even particles up to 1 µm in size can be taken up through intact skin to reach living cells under mechanical stress such as flexing [45,46]. Moreover, there are very few studies of dermal exposure to fibres or nanowires even though asbestos fibres have been shown to penetrate and persist in skin [47]. Conclusions The combination of 2D and 3D models for assessing the risk from dermal exposure to nanomaterials is expected to provide an increasingly important methodology as NW are incorporated into consumer products. Our results clearly show that keratinocytes, non-immune cell in the epidermis, rapidly and massively internalized AgNW leading to dose-dependent toxicity. In contrast, our study also demonstrates that the epidermis can provide an effective barrier for NW passage with no identified translocation or irritation end points even after a long exposure time (42 h). The present study, however, represents the first step in full risk assessment for acute dermal exposure to NW on intact epidermis and further studies of NW exposure using models for compromised skin and longer timescales with repeated exposure at low doses that are more realistic will provide a timely assessment of dermal exposure routes. Supplementary Materials: The following are available online at http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/4/232/s1. Electronic supplementary material (additional figures) as described in the text. Figure S1: SEM images showing the incomplete internalization of AgNW in human primary keratinocytes, Figure S2: SEM images of control non-treated primary keratinocytes, Figure S3: SEM images of cross-section of control non-treated primary keratinocytes, Table S1: Summary of the characteristics of two types of AgNW used in this study: short and long AgNW abbreviated S-AgNW and L-AgNW, Movie S1: 3D reconstruction of confocal images of primary human keratinocytes exposed to long AgNW for 24 h. Images were acquired in different mode: reflectance; transmittance; fluorescence in order to visualize respectively the NW; the cell and the nucleus that was stained with Hoechst. Scale bar represent 5 µm, Movie S2: Time-lapse confocal imaging of the kinetics of uptake of long AgNWs by primary human keratinocytes. Images were acquired each 2 min in reflected and transmitted light mode in order to visualize respectively the NW and the cells. Acknowledgments: The authors wish to thank the members of the Prométhée proteomic platform, M.J. Stasia and members of her team (IBP, CHU, Grenoble, France), K. Pernet Gallay (GIN, Grenoble, France), F. Roussel-Dherbey (CMTC, Grenoble, France), B. Faure and F. Saint Antonin (CEA, Grenoble, France). The NanoSetasizer and Ultramicrotome used in this study was part of Nano-ID platform which was funded by the EQUIPEX project ANR-10-EQPX-39-01. The project leading to this publication received funding from Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University-A*MIDEX, a French "Investissements d'Avenir" program, through its associated Labex SERENADE project". This work was also supported from the Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA-PEPS AGIR) and the Labex OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56). Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

# Copyright 2018 RethinkDB # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the 'License'); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an 'AS IS' BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # # This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright: # Copyright 2010-2016 RethinkDB, all rights reserved. import asyncio import contextlib import socket import ssl import struct from rethinkdb import ql2_pb2 from rethinkdb.errors import ( ReqlAuthError, ReqlCursorEmpty, ReqlDriverError, ReqlTimeoutError, RqlCursorEmpty, ) from rethinkdb.net import Connection as ConnectionBase from rethinkdb.net import Cursor, Query, Response, maybe_profile __all__ = ["Connection"] pResponse = ql2_pb2.Response.ResponseType pQuery = ql2_pb2.Query.QueryType @asyncio.coroutine def _read_until(streamreader, delimiter): """Naive implementation of reading until a delimiter""" buffer = bytearray() while True: c = yield from streamreader.read(1) if c == b"": break # EOF buffer.append(c[0]) if c == delimiter: break return bytes(buffer) def reusable_waiter(loop, timeout): """Wait for something, with a timeout from when the waiter was created. This can be used in loops:: waiter = reusable_waiter(event_loop, 10.0) while some_condition: yield from waiter(some_future) """ if timeout is not None: deadline = loop.time() + timeout else: deadline = None @asyncio.coroutine def wait(future): if deadline is not None: new_timeout = max(deadline - loop.time(), 0) else: new_timeout = None return (yield from asyncio.wait_for(future, new_timeout)) return wait @contextlib.contextmanager def translate_timeout_errors(): try: yield except asyncio.TimeoutError: raise ReqlTimeoutError() # The asyncio implementation of the Cursor object: # The `new_response` Future notifies any waiting coroutines that the can attempt # to grab the next result. In addition, the waiting coroutine will schedule a # timeout at the given deadline (if provided), at which point the future will be # errored. class AsyncioCursor(Cursor): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): Cursor.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self.new_response = asyncio.Future() def __aiter__(self): return self @asyncio.coroutine def __anext__(self): try: return (yield from self._get_next(None)) except ReqlCursorEmpty: raise StopAsyncIteration @asyncio.coroutine def close(self): if self.error is None: self.error = self._empty_error() if self.conn.is_open(): self.outstanding_requests += 1 yield from self.conn._parent._stop(self) def _extend(self, res_buf): Cursor._extend(self, res_buf) self.new_response.set_result(True) self.new_response = asyncio.Future() # Convenience function so users know when they've hit the end of the cursor # without having to catch an exception @asyncio.coroutine def fetch_next(self, wait=True): timeout = Cursor._wait_to_timeout(wait) waiter = reusable_waiter(self.conn._io_loop, timeout) while len(self.items) == 0 and self.error is None: self._maybe_fetch_batch() if self.error is not None: raise self.error with translate_timeout_errors(): yield from waiter(asyncio.shield(self.new_response)) # If there is a (non-empty) error to be received, we return True, so the # user will receive it on the next `next` call. return len(self.items) != 0 or not isinstance(self.error, RqlCursorEmpty) def _empty_error(self): # We do not have RqlCursorEmpty inherit from StopIteration as that interferes # with mechanisms to return from a coroutine. return RqlCursorEmpty() @asyncio.coroutine def _get_next(self, timeout): waiter = reusable_waiter(self.conn._io_loop, timeout) while len(self.items) == 0: self._maybe_fetch_batch() if self.error is not None: raise self.error with translate_timeout_errors(): yield from waiter(asyncio.shield(self.new_response)) return self.items.popleft() def _maybe_fetch_batch(self): if ( self.error is None and len(self.items) < self.threshold and self.outstanding_requests == 0 ): self.outstanding_requests += 1 asyncio.ensure_future(self.conn._parent._continue(self)) class ConnectionInstance(object): _streamreader = None _streamwriter = None _reader_task = None def __init__(self, parent, io_loop=None): self._parent = parent self._closing = False self._user_queries = {} self._cursor_cache = {} self._ready = asyncio.Future() self._io_loop = io_loop if self._io_loop is None: # self._io_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() self._io_loop = asyncio.get_running_loop() def client_port(self): if self.is_open(): return self._streamwriter.get_extra_info("sockname")[1] def client_address(self): if self.is_open(): return self._streamwriter.get_extra_info("sockname")[0] @asyncio.coroutine def connect(self, timeout): try: ssl_context = None if len(self._parent.ssl) > 0: ssl_context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23) if hasattr(ssl_context, "options"): ssl_context.options |= getattr(ssl, "OP_NO_SSLv2", 0) ssl_context.options |= getattr(ssl, "OP_NO_SSLv3", 0) ssl_context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED ssl_context.check_hostname = True # redundant with match_hostname ssl_context.load_verify_locations(self._parent.ssl["ca_certs"]) self._streamreader, self._streamwriter = yield from asyncio.open_connection( self._parent.host, self._parent.port, ssl=ssl_context, ) self._streamwriter.get_extra_info("socket").setsockopt( socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1 ) self._streamwriter.get_extra_info("socket").setsockopt( socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1 ) except Exception as err: raise ReqlDriverError( "Could not connect to %s:%s. Error: %s" % (self._parent.host, self._parent.port, str(err)) ) try: self._parent.handshake.reset() response = None with translate_timeout_errors(): while True: request = self._parent.handshake.next_message(response) if request is None: break # This may happen in the `V1_0` protocol where we send two requests as # an optimization, then need to read each separately if request is not "": self._streamwriter.write(request) response = yield from asyncio.wait_for( _read_until(self._streamreader, b"\0"), timeout, ) response = response[:-1] except ReqlAuthError: yield from self.close() raise except ReqlTimeoutError as err: yield from self.close() raise ReqlDriverError( "Connection interrupted during handshake with %s:%s. Error: %s" % (self._parent.host, self._parent.port, str(err)) ) except Exception as err: yield from self.close() raise ReqlDriverError( "Could not connect to %s:%s. Error: %s" % (self._parent.host, self._parent.port, str(err)) ) # Start a parallel function to perform reads # store a reference to it so it doesn't get destroyed self._reader_task = asyncio.ensure_future(self._reader()) return self._parent def is_open(self): return not (self._closing or self._streamreader.at_eof()) @asyncio.coroutine def close(self, noreply_wait=False, token=None, exception=None): self._closing = True if exception is not None: err_message = "Connection is closed (%s)." % str(exception) else: err_message = "Connection is closed." # Cursors may remove themselves when errored, so copy a list of them for cursor in list(self._cursor_cache.values()): cursor._error(err_message) for query, future in iter(self._user_queries.values()): if not future.done(): future.set_exception(ReqlDriverError(err_message)) self._user_queries = {} self._cursor_cache = {} if noreply_wait: noreply = Query(pQuery.NOREPLY_WAIT, token, None, None) yield from self.run_query(noreply, False) self._streamwriter.close() # We must not wait for the _reader_task if we got an exception, because that # means that we were called from it. Waiting would lead to a deadlock. if self._reader_task and exception is None: yield from self._reader_task return None @asyncio.coroutine def run_query(self, query, noreply): self._streamwriter.write(query.serialize(self._parent._get_json_encoder(query))) if noreply: return None response_future = asyncio.Future() self._user_queries[query.token] = (query, response_future) return (yield from response_future) # The _reader coroutine runs in parallel, reading responses # off of the socket and forwarding them to the appropriate Future or Cursor. # This is shut down as a consequence of closing the stream, or an error in the # socket/protocol from the server. Unexpected errors in this coroutine will # close the ConnectionInstance and be passed to any open Futures or Cursors. @asyncio.coroutine def _reader(self): try: while True: buf = yield from self._streamreader.readexactly(12) (token, length,) = struct.unpack("<qL", buf) buf = yield from self._streamreader.readexactly(length) cursor = self._cursor_cache.get(token) if cursor is not None: cursor._extend(buf) elif token in self._user_queries: # Do not pop the query from the dict until later, so # we don't lose track of it in case of an exception query, future = self._user_queries[token] res = Response(token, buf, self._parent._get_json_decoder(query)) if res.type == pResponse.SUCCESS_ATOM: future.set_result(maybe_profile(res.data[0], res)) elif res.type in ( pResponse.SUCCESS_SEQUENCE, pResponse.SUCCESS_PARTIAL, ): cursor = AsyncioCursor(self, query, res) future.set_result(maybe_profile(cursor, res)) elif res.type == pResponse.WAIT_COMPLETE: future.set_result(None) elif res.type == pResponse.SERVER_INFO: future.set_result(res.data[0]) else: future.set_exception(res.make_error(query)) del self._user_queries[token] elif not self._closing: raise ReqlDriverError("Unexpected response received.") except Exception as ex: if not self._closing: yield from self.close(exception=ex) class Connection(ConnectionBase): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(Connection, self).__init__(ConnectionInstance, *args, **kwargs) try: self.port = int(self.port) except ValueError: raise ReqlDriverError( "Could not convert port %s to an integer." % self.port ) @asyncio.coroutine def __aenter__(self): return self @asyncio.coroutine def __aexit__(self, exception_type, exception_val, traceback): yield from self.close(False) @asyncio.coroutine def _stop(self, cursor): self.check_open() q = Query(pQuery.STOP, cursor.query.token, None, None) return (yield from self._instance.run_query(q, True)) @asyncio.coroutine def reconnect(self, noreply_wait=True, timeout=None): # We close before reconnect so reconnect doesn't try to close us # and then fail to return the Future (this is a little awkward). yield from self.close(noreply_wait) self._instance = self._conn_type(self, **self._child_kwargs) return (yield from self._instance.connect(timeout)) @asyncio.coroutine def close(self, noreply_wait=True): if self._instance is None: return None return (yield from ConnectionBase.close(self, noreply_wait=noreply_wait))

Married: Laura Seymour Schlichte on 14 OCT 1902 at St. Boniface Church, New Vienna, Iowa. a. Note: The 1900 census shows Henry as the head of the household, farming in Liberty Township, Dubuque County, Iowa. Henry, 26, is single and living with his sister Kathy, brother John, and father, John B. Roling. Henry and Laura farmed near New Vienna, Iowa. Unity in Community -- St. Boniface Parish 150 years -- New Vienna, Iowa 100 years 1895-1995. Henry A. Roling was born December 28, 1873 and died August 17, 1944. He married Laura Schlichte on October 14, 1902, at St. Boniface Church in New Vienna, Iowa. Their children are Alvina, Dorothy, Leona (Mrs. Mike Herting) Dubuque, Iowa; Marcella (Mrs. Jos. Oberbroeckling) Dyersville, Iowa; Leonilla (Mrs. Clarence Benke) Dyersville, Iowa; Helen (Mrs. John Benke) Dyersville, Iowa; Alphonse of Holy Cross; Alfred, New Vienna, Iowa; and Edwin of Dubuque, Iowa.

Ask for your Parent's help. Cut one piece of the heavy cardboard into a 12-inch square. Place the compass at 6 inches, the midpoint of the 12-inch square. Draw a half circle from one corner to the other corner of the square. Draw a triangle on the second piece of cardboard. Use the ruler to measure 12 inches up from one corner. Turn the cardboard 90 degrees. Measure from the mark up 12 inches. Use the ruler to draw a line from one mark to the other. You should see a triangle with two 12-inch sides and one long side of just under 17 inches. Cut out the cardboard triangle. Use the glue and the masking tape to secure the 12-inch side of the triangle across the middle of the half-circle. This will divide the half-circle in directly in two. Take the sun clock outside on a sunny day. It is best to do this close to 12:00 P.M. Use the compass to point the cardboard triangle directly north. Look at the watch and mark where the shadow falls on the cardboard exactly at the hour mark. Come back every hour and mark where the shadow has fallen until the entire sun dial is marked. Now you can tell the time just by looking at the shadow on your sun clock.

If you have a new business and need a brand design for your company, or if you already have a company and want to expand and improve your presence with a new design, we can help! By creating a folder, a presentation or website we have the talent and ambition to create something unique for your business. 3Pills has been operating in the market since 2006. Our culture is oriented to total quality and customer satisfaction, where we seek through the design, provide solutions that bring companies and their professionals, a simpler, exclusive and effective way to promote their products and cost-effective services.

The consumption of lithium-based materials has more than doubled in eight years due to the recent surge in demand for lithium applications as lithium ion batteries. The lithium-ion battery market has grown steadily every year and currently reaches a market size of $40 billion. Lithium, which is the core material for the lithium-ion battery industry, is now being extracted from natural minerals and brines, but the processes are complex and consume a large amount of energy. In addition, lithium consumption has increased by 18% from 2018 to 2019, and it can be predicted that the depletion of lithium is imminent with limited lithium reserves. This has led to the development of technologies to recycle lithium from lithium-ion batteries. This article focuses on the technologies that can recycle lithium compounds from waste lithium-ion batteries according to their individual stages and methods. The stages are divided into the pre-treatment stage and lithium extraction stage, while the latter is divided into three main methods: pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and electrochemical extraction. Processes, advantages, disadvantages, lithium extraction efficiency, price, environmental pollution and the degree of commercialization of each method are compared and analyzed quantitatively. Despite the growing attention and the development of various lithium recycling technologies, less than 1 percent of lithium is recycled currently. We propose future needs to improve the recycling technologies from waste lithium materials and hope that this article can stimulate further interest and development in lithium recycling.

Stables finished we gave our horses an extra groom for today we visit the Omdah & avail ourselves of his kind offer to lunch with him, we left early & eventually got there at 11.45 he had a nephew there who spoke English well, first of all we had tea & coffee, then washed our hands & then squatted down for dinner, first of all salad, Egyptian bread, Turkey Soup (Olire) Macaroni, was the first coarse then poultry, stewed meats in oils, vegetables & salads ditto, blanc mange followed, then stewed plum & peanuts in oils, again, then wound up with fruits & cake, everything was in true Egyptian style & was highly enjoyable. After dinner we strolled round the estate & visited the school where the kids received us very well one gave a speech. on how they accept our views on governorship we then visited the engineers home Basiony Saad where more coffee & tea was accepted then we strolled back to the Bey s home where after we saddled up we set out for home arriving there at 5.20, today has been as quiet as ever only exercising & signalling Chas went down to Theira on his scrap. It's the first time a motor has made an appearance down there & the consternation caused was tremendous, he got back just after lunch after having a good ride, my horse is getting along OK again now thanks to my massaging, I fixed my scrap up for tomorrow we ride into Cairo if we have any luck, so I turned in early.

Some stuff in his manifesto is crazy in how thought-out it is. I wouldn't necessarily agree with it or his conclusions (obv) but it's interesting to read "Modern man is strapped down by a network of rules and regulations… Most of these regulations cannot be disposed with, because they are necessary for the functioning of industrial society. When one does not have adequate opportunity to go throughout the power process the consequences are …boredom, demoralization, low self-esteem, inferiority feelings, defeatism, depression, anxiety, guilt, frustration, hostility, spouse or child abuse, insatiable hedonism, abnormal sexual behavior, sleep disorders, eating disorders, etc. [The rules of industrial society] have made life unfulfilling, have subjected human beings to indignities, have led to widespread psychological suffering. By “feelings of inferiority” we mean not only inferiority feelings in the strictest sense but a whole spectrum of related traits: low self-esteem, feelings of powerlessness, depressive tendencies, defeatism, guilt, self-hatred, etc. The system HAS TO regulate human behavior closely in order to function. At work, people have to do what they are told to do, otherwise production would be thrown into chaos. Bureaucracies HAVE TO be run according to rigid rules. To allow any substantial personal discretion to lower-level bureaucrats would disrupt the system and lead to charges of unfairness due to differences in the way individual bureaucrats exercised their discretion. It is true that some restrictions on our freedom could be eliminated, but GENERALLY SPEAKING the regulation of our lives by large organizations is necessary for the functioning of industrial-technological society. The result is a sense of powerlessness on the part of the average person. It is not possible to make a LASTING compromise between technology and freedom, because technology is by far the more powerful social force and continually encroaches on freedom through REPEATED compromises. Another reason why technology is such a powerful social force is that, within the context of a given society, technological progress marches in only one direction; it can never be reversed. Once a technical innovation has been introduced, people usually become dependent on it, unless it is replaced by some still more advanced innovation. Not only do people become dependent as individuals on a new item of technology, but, even more, the system as a whole becomes dependent on it. When a new item of technology is introduced as an option that an individual can accept or not as he chooses, it does not necessarily REMAIN optional. In many cases the new technology changes society in such a way that people eventually find themselves FORCED to use it."

Part IV Translation It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly. (Passage Four) Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: The idea of a special day to honor mothers was first put forward in America in 1907. two years later a woman, Mrs. John Bruce Dodd, in the state of Washington proposed a similar day to honor the head of the family—the father. Her mother died when she was very young, and her father brought her up. She loved her father very much. In response to Mrs. Dodd’s idea that same year—1909, the state governor of Washington proclaimed (宣布) the third Sunday in June Father’s Day. The idea was officially approved by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. in 1924, President Calvin Coolidge recommended national observance of the occasion “to establish more intimate (亲密) relations between fathers and their children, and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations.” The red or white rose is recognized as the official Father’s Day flower. Father’s Day took longer to establish on a national scale than Mother’s Day, but as the idea grained popularity, tradesmen and manufacturers began to see the commercial possibilities. They encouraged sons and daughters to honor their fathers with small thank-you presents, such as a tie or pair of socks, as well as by sending greeting cards. During the Second World War, American servicemen stationed in Britain began to request Father’s Day greeting cards to send home. This generated a response with British card publishers. Though at first the British public was slow to accept this rather artificial day, it’s now well celebrated in Britain on the third Sunday in June in much the same way as in America. Father’s Day seems to be much less important as occasion than the Mother’s Day. Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only. 11. When did Father’s Day officially begin to have national popularity? A. 1907 B. 1909 C. 1916 D. 1924 12. Who first started the idea of holding the Father’s Day? A. Mrs. John Bruce Dodd B. Mrs. John Bruce’s Mother C. The government of Washington. D. Some businessmen. 13. What flower will be popular on Father’s Day? A. Lily B. Water Lily C. Red rose or white rose D. Sunflower. 14. Which statement is true, a according to this passage? A. It took even longer for Mother’s Day to gain national popularity. B. The businessmen helped to make Father’s Day popular. C. Father’s Day is only celebrated in America. D. Father’s Day is only a trick of the businessmen to make money. 15. What was the first reaction of the British publishing towards Father’s Day? A. They thought highly of it and accepted it at once. B. They just accepted it at once without any hesitation. C. They just thought it a joke. D. They thought it was too artificial and took a long time to accept. What they are ____ about is which comes first: the chicken or the egg? That radio company is so big that it has a lot of ____ in foreign countries.

The Storm Hawks promise an old Sky Knight they'll rescue his granddaughter Dove, a prisoner in the clutches of Cyclonia. But when they sneak inside the Smelters of Terra Gale for the mission, they find Dove is anything but a damsel in distress. Rebel Ducks: Protectors of Terra Gale, until a Cyclonian invasion defeated the squadron. Several members were forced into exile, while the rest were imprisoned and made to work in the factories and smelters that now pollute the once-clear skies of their beloved home terra.

On your marks. The race gets on adhering to Lululemon’s (NASDAQ: LULU) statement of a brand-new running footwear releasing this month which wants to tackle the battle authorities, Nike (NYSE: NKE) and also Adidas. The brand name identified ‘Blissfeel’ will certainly be offered in The United States and Canada, China, and also the U.K to retail with a price of $148. Attempt these on for dimension. I don’t fairly understand what our fascination with tennis shoes is, yet quickly style doesn’t appear to relate to our precious shoes. According to Quick Business, the sneaker market is valued at over $79 billion — and also it’s still expanding. Complete market price is anticipated to increase 50% to $120 billion by 2026. Also the resale market deserves $6 billion and also anticipated to cover $30 billion by 2030. The factor right here is, also if Lulu was to catch a minority share, it would certainly make a substantial distinction to general income. There’s no question this is an endure relocation when we accumulate the competitors. Nike and also Adidas, to name a few, have actually accumulated international logistics networks to obtain their shoes in every edge of the globe, and also both harness severe brand name commitment. Lululemon made sales of $4.4 billion in 2021 — absolutely nothing to belittle — yet Nike, on the various other hand, did 10 times the sales quantity for its full-year outcomes. However, it’s not the very first time Lulu has actually headed out by itself. It currently has a continuous disagreement with Nike over its ‘Mirror’ item, and also Peloton has actually been ferreted out by the brand name over what it considers to be knock-offs of its product line. With its very own brand name charm and also wonderful success with its comfy physical fitness garments over the lockdown duration, the business has actually made great tracks and also this newest relocation reveals Lulu’s in it for the future.

Francis Galton was born on February 16, 1822 in Sparkbrook, England. He studied to become a doctor but abandoned this idea and went on to study mathematics at Cambridge University 1810 but never graduated. In the mid-1840s, Galton made his first trip to the Middle East and Africa. He made several trips to Africa and published “Tropical South Africa” in 1853. Was a German geophysicist and meteorologist who advanced the theory of continental drift. Was a German physicist who is regarded greatly in the scientific circles for his pioneering work in multiple subjects dealing with modern science. Was an English biochemist recognized as the father of British biochemistry for his invaluable contribution to this field. Agnes Robertson Arber was a British plant morphologist and anatomist, historian of botany and philosopher of biology Was a British scientist who made significant contributions to the fields of electrochemistry electro-magnetism. Is a country located at the southernmost tip of Africa and officially known as the Republic of South Africa. is an English physicist and former musician, a Royal Society University Research Fellow, PPARC Advanced Fellow at the University of Manchester Antony Hewish FRS is a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle) for his work on the development of radio aperture synthesis and its role in the discovery of pulsars Was a British physiologist who is credited with having made major scientific advances in the understanding of bodily processes.

Newcastle Emlyn are sitting pretty at the top of the South Wales Women's League Division 3 after a 5-1 victory over Chepstow. With an unbeaten run of 14 games, the latest win takes them 10 points clear of nearest rivals Sue Noake. Emlyn's Enfys Davies led the way with a hat-trick and other goals went to Hawys Davies and Sioned Davies.

Oman, the Gulf's least developed state, is set for a major gas development project that will increase the country's gas production by 40%. The Khazzan and Makarem Gas Fields hold an estimated 30 trillion cubic feet of gas, the biggest field in Oman. According to Bloomberg News, British Petroleum plans to invest $15 billion over at least a decade to develop the field, and hopes to produce 1-1.2 billion cubic feet of gas per day from the fields. Oman has been mostly left out of the bonanza of demand for natural gas in Asia that followed from the uncertainty over nuclear power. Unlike Qatar's, Oman's natural gas is tight gas, natural gas that is held in rock pores that could be as much as 20,000 times smaller than a human hair. Furhter complicating matters, the tight gas is buried under 5,000 meters of nearly impermeable rock. This makes the extraction of the gas extremely capital-intensive, inefficient and risky. Extraction often involves the highly controversial hydraulic fracturing method, which could contaminate groundwater and air. The Oman Observer reports has yet to formally sign an agreement with the Omani government, but the company has already sunk $600 million into test wells in the fields. Omani's make about 25,000 per year on average, compared to nearly twice as much in the neighboring United Arab Emirates and not even close to gas-rich Qatar. The government of Oman realizes that if they don't don't address their economy's dependence on dwindling oil reserves, they will suffer. Their goal is to balance their country's portfolio and relegate the oil sector to 9% of GDP by 2020. The natural gas wil surely play a greater role in Oman's economy in the future.

[Every week, there will be a letter, going through the order of the alphabet. Every Monday, I'll open the Chambers Compact Dictionary and I'll randomly pick a page of the said letter. Out of that page, I'll randomly pick a word. Darling heart will watch to ensure I do it right. And every Friday, there will be a picture based on that word. I wanted a weird word and I got the most ordinary of all the words in the letter B. Oh well. I think I like the result anyway.

For the latest instalment in our commemoration of Black History Month, our Head of School, Prof. Mark Connelly draws attention to an incident from the First World War which speaks of loyalty and sacrifice but also of segregation and ingratitude. The First World War was truly that: a global experience. It was fought across the planet by people from every inhabited continent. For Africans, the war meant military engagement on their own continent, and people leaving it for service elsewhere. Among those who found themselves far from home were the men of the South African Native Labour Contingent. Reaching a total of 25,000, the SANLC was a vital component in the British Empire’s war machine on the Western Front in France and Belgium. By the winter of 1916 the logistics infrastructure supporting British forces was approaching crisis point. Stretched to its limits by the battle of the Somme, there was a pressing need to address a host of supply and labour tasks. Modern war demanded the loading and unloading of vast quantities of materials onto and from ships, once on the quayside those materials – ammunition, rations, fuel, military equipment and thousands of other items – needed shifting to railway trucks or motor lorries to reach their final destinations and uses; roads, canals and railways required maintenance or even construction from scratch, stone had to be quarried and trees felled. It made British forces on the Western Front a hive of activity, and by 1916 this meant vast numbers of men and women were engaged in supporting military operations. Looking to South Africa, the British government encouraged the recruitment of black men for service on the Western Front. The idea was supported by the South African Native National Congress leading to creation of the new units in September 1916. Men were soon enlisting inspired by a range of motivations. For some it was simply the chance to earn a regular wage while being clothed, fed and given the chance to travel. For others, it was an expression of loyalty to the British Empire signified by King George V. Black South Africans were going to show the Empire and the world that they were ready, willing, able and proud to do something to assist in the struggle. As one recruit told a journalist, ‘I answered the call of my King.’ The first battalions set sail that autumn reaching France in November. They were soon at work carrying out a range of tasks behind the lines, mostly lacking glamour and excitement, but vital for the overall war effort. Fearful that mixing with local people and other allied soldiers might encourage a greater sense of enquiry and independence, the South African government was keen to keep the contingents firmly segregated and largely confined to their own camps and barracks. Reflecting the degree to which the South African government wished to exert control and was suspicious of all outside influences, it even excluded British officers on the grounds that they were inexperienced at commanding African men. Nonetheless, the SANLC became stars of the Western Front. The War Office’s official newsreel filmed them at work in 1917, and another completed in 1918 captured the King’s visit to the SANLC, a demonstration of Zulu dancing and the wounded recovering in hospital. These films were then used to show British people how the entire Empire had rallied to the cause. At precisely the same time, such presentations also avoided any questioning of the concept of Empire and its actual power structures and hierarchies. As the film showed, in making this contribution to Britain’s cause, the SANLC did suffer casualties. The single biggest cause of injury and loss of life came in February 1917 when the transport ship, Mendi, sank with the loss of over 600 members of the unit after an accidental collision with another vessel. As the ship sank, Isaac Wauchope Dyobha delivered words that have become famous in South African history telling his companions: Be quiet and calm, my countrymen, for what is taking place now is exactly what you came to do. You are going to die, but that is what you came to do. Brothers, we are drilling the drill of death. I, a Xhosa, say you are all my brothers, Zulu, Swazis, Pondos, Basutos, we die like brothers. We are the sons of Africa. Raise your cries, brothers, for though they made us leave our weapons at our homes, our voices are left with our bodies. In the immediate aftermath of the tragedy, there was the need to find and bury the bodies. As many as were found, many being washed ashore by the tides, they were buried and consequently marked with the official Imperial (subsequently Commonwealth) War Graves Commission headstones, while the missing were commemorated in Hollybrook Memorial in Southampton. Their comrades who fell while carrying out their duties in France and Belgium were buried in military cemeteries with a particularly large number interred at Arques-la-Bataille British Cemetery. The fate of the Mendi caused much sorrowful mourning and was the source of much pride in South Africa. At times marginalised, the story of the Mendi was never quite lost or forgotten, and the anniversary was marked annually by both black and white communities. Such respectful remembrance was in some ways more than that given to the living. Keen to see the return of the SANLC, and thus firmly back under domestic control, the South African government wanted the men repatriated as quickly as possible, which resulted in the return of the vast majority before the end of the war. At that point the veterans were denied the British War Medal, despite its distribution to black Africans from the British Protectorates. Deliberately excluded from the honour of a medal, SANLC veterans were further angered at exclusion from the benefits and welfare schemes which war service should have brought. It led to a situation in which veterans often felt pride at their service and contribution to the British cause, but deeply disappointed that official recognition in the form of genuine change in South Africa was almost non-existent. However, the point had been made, and history could not be reversed. The men of the SANLC, their families, descendants and admirers provided an on-going testimony to their role in the Great War. With the birth of the new South Africa, their story became even more closely entwined with the Mendi incident culminating in the 2017 centenary when the event was marked by a series of commemorative ceremonies. The SANLC sailed the length of Atlantic to do the jobs that kept the forces of the British Empire going. They played their part in victory. Their experiences also reveal much about the complex way in which the Great War and European imperialism touched lives across the globe. Albert Grundlingh, War and Society. Participation and Remembrance: South African Black and Coloured troops in the First World War, 1914-1918 (Stellenbosch: Sun Press, 2015). B.P. Willan, ‘The South African Native Labour Contingent, 1916-1918,’ Journal of African History, Vol. 19, No. 1, 1978, pp. 61-86. Timothy C. Winegard, Indigenous Peoples of the British Dominions and the First World War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014).

Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given a list of integers. For every element in the list, if the element is even you should divide by 4, if the element is odd you should multiply by 4 then add 2. The output should be a list of numbers that is the result of applying that logic to the input list. You should not round any decimals in the output. Zero should be counted as an even integer. Q: [-50, -6] A: [-12.5, -1.5]

I Know Thy Works Contributed by Bishop Dr. Julius Soyinka on Dec 8, 2011 (message contributor) Summary: The works of every congregation and that of each individual member are known by God and shall be rewarded by Him. I KNOW THY WORKS STUDY TEXT: Rev. 2:1-7 - A letter was written by the Lord to each of seven churches about their conduct and to either commend their actions or condemn them with a call for repentance. - In the introductory part is the comment “I know thy works”. Every one’s works are open to God and known by Him. It is foolishness for anyone to think that he will do something under the sun without God knowing about it. Both our actions and our motives behind those actions are known and weighed by God. - Our works are critically evaluated and accurately documented, so that reference could be made to them at any time. These are what will form the books of records that will be used in judgment on the last day, and that will determine whose name will be found in the book of life. - Commendations are given where the works are found acceptable unto God as an encouragement and motivation for consistency. Any good thing we are approved for, we should seek to grow and improve on them and not be weary in well doing. - Condemnations are issued as a call to genuine repentance and godly amendment. God would prefer a turning away from sin and a turning unto His will at any time. If your actions are condemned, it is to give you the opportunity to repent and turn to God. Cain was told that he would be approved if he changes from his wickedness, but rather than repenting, he grew worse. Isaiah 55:7 Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let him return unto the LORD, and he will have mercy upon him; and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon. - Let us consider this study under three sub-headings: 1. Critical examination of general conduct. 2. Commendation of faithful conduct. 3. Condemnation of unacceptable conduct. 1. CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF GENERAL CONDUCT - Our works are critically examined and documented at all times. - The examination is majorly congregational but specifically individualistic.. - Individual members within the congregation are examined for their: 1. Faithfulness in living in obedience and holiness unto the Lord. How faithful they are in walking in obedience to the instructions giving in the word of God, and how they are living according to God’s standard of holiness 2. The motives behind all their actions. The motives behind their actions are examined whether they are genuine, of pure intentions or of selfish interest that will not glorify God. 3. Ability to show love and live peaceably with others. Believers are required to follow peace with all men in addition to their holy living unto God. They are also to love their neighbors as themselves. We shall give account of our relationship with men in terms of the love we showed onto them and how effective we can be in living peaceably with others. 4. Commitment to the service of God. They were examined for their faithfulness in the service of God, the sacrifice they could make in making themselves and their money materials available. - Congregation are examined for their: 1. Faithfulness in teaching the truth of the word of God. How faithful they are in teaching the sound doctrine and guiding against error and falsehood. 2. Vigilance in recognizing satanic agents within the church and resisting them. There are satanic agents creeping into the church unawares and are transforming themselves to angels of light in order to deceive innocent souls. The congregation must be sensitive to identify and resist this hidden works of darkness. 3. Commitment to the preaching of Christ and his gospel to the lost world. Any congregation that is not faithful and committed to the preaching of Christ and Him crucified to the lost world has a name that she is living while she is actually dead. 4. Their ability to maintain intra and inter congregational peace and unity that Jesus prayed for. There must be love flowing among the brethren to show that they actually belong to God, and this must manifest as a peaceful relationship without strife, envy, bitterness, backbiting or hatred. Related Media SermonCentral PowerPoint Template SermonCentral PowerPoint Template SermonCentral PowerPoint Template

Fire officers will visit a city tower block today to offer reassurance and fire safety advice after one of its residents died following a blaze. A man died after a fire on the ninth floor of Elizabeth House, in London Road, Leicester on Sunday. The 16-storey building was evacuated while firefighters from across the city tackled the blaze. Four firefighters wearing breathing tanks entered the flat to search for occupants. They helped the 45-year-old old man out of the flat and extinguished the blaze before it could cause a lot of damage. Police have said the blaze is not being treated as suspicious. Today, fire officers are hosting a drop-in centre in the lobby and visiting residents. "Despite rescuing the occupant, they were unable to prevent the tragic loss of the resident who was later pronounced deceased in hospital. “We will be setting up a drop-in centre in the lobby entrance of Elizabeth House, and visiting every flat in the tower block, to provide reassurance and advice on home fire safety in order to prevent any future similar tragedies happening. “The structure of Elizabeth House prevented this fire from spreading further than the flat it originated in. The drop-in centre will be open from 9am to 1pm.

Translate "Separation of the NDIS function from the DIS (Fin CS) IACS would appear to be an attractive option if it Section 16 will enable operation and maintenance of the AIA - Law Enforcement systems without being captive to expensive & software support and secure electronic linkage to Investigations the software vendor." to French? La séparation de la fonction du SIDN du SICA pourrait être une solution intéressante si elle permettait d’exploiter et d’entretenir les systèmes sans dépendre d’un soutien logiciel coûteux et de liaisons électroniques protégées avec le fournisseur de logiciels.

Bioplásticos e plásticos biodegradáveis: revisão bibliográfica dos principais materiais e seus impactos ambientais Loureiro, Amanda Oriani MetadataShow full item record Plastic is an extremely versatile, low-cost material that can be used for a wide variety of purposes, from food packaging to hospital supplies. It was a revolutionary discovery made in 1907, began to be produced on a large scale in 1950, and today, due to unbridled consumption and production, is a major environmental problem. Plastic is a polymer derived from petroleum, a fossil source that is extremely harmful to the environment, and its degradation time ranges from 20 to 600 years. Even with this long period, due to the actions of time, they do not degrade completely, giving rise to small particles that are called microplastics. These particles are impossible to remove from the environment and have been accumulating for years, especially in the seas. Studies have found microplastics even in the depths of the ocean, where other types of waste are not normally found. In this scenario, the search for materials that are less harmful to the environment has been growing. The awareness of part of the population makes it necessary for industries to seek more sustainable solutions for their products. Thus, plastics produced from renewable sources and biodegradable plastics have been gaining space in the market. In this paper will be conduct a literature review seeking relevant information on three types of bioplastics: a non-biodegradable plastic produced from renewable sources (Green Polyethylene), a biodegradable plastic produced from renewable sources (Polyactic Acid), and a biodegradable plastic produced from a fossil source (Ecoflex). The intent is to differentiate these three types of plastics, elucidating their classifications as environmentally friendly and addressing their main characteristics. The production processes and the advantages and disadvantages of each material will be analyzed. In addition, innovative biopolymers that are being studied as alternatives to some conventional polymers will be addressed. Finally, it will be possible to evaluate the conditions under which these materials are actually more sustainable and which are the best ways to be taken towards sustainability. The following license files are associated with this item:

Several East African countries have sent troops to DR Congo to help fight the M23 rebels, while also trying to seek a diplomatic solution to the crisis. Images shared on social media, which have not yet been verified by the BBC, show a Sukhoi-25 aircraft being shot at while flying at a low altitude between the towns of Goma in DR Congo and Gisenyi in Rwanda, which straddle their common border. In a statement DR Congo’s government accused Rwanda of “sabotaging” the implementation of a recent peace agreement between the two countries. However, Rwanda said this was the third incident involving a Congolese fighter jet on its airspace and asked its neighbor “to stop this aggression”.

Addiction research has clarified the definition of addiction which is now called substance use disorder SUD and considered a chronic brain disease. Over the last 30 years research has brought new understanding about how substances hijack and negatively impact brain function. This new information about the way the brain is affected, can now replace outdated beliefs and improve treatment and outcomes. Addiction Research Challenges Outdated Myths One common outdated belief is that addiction is a weakness that must be managed by abstinence and will power alone. Another common belief is that a stint in rehab (a 30, 60, 90 day program) will arrest substance use and restore normal life. The truth is there are many paths to recovery, and recovery is not a short term undertaking, but rather a life-long pursuit. It can be effectively treated just like any chronic disease. But first SUDs and their impact on the brain must be understood as a chronic illness that requires long-term maintenance and attention. 5 Ways Addiction (SUD) Is Similar To Other Chronic Diseases Addiction is similar to other chronic diseases, like diabetes and heart disease, in the following ways: - It is preventable - It is treatable - It changes biology - It is progressive and gets worse over time - If untreated, it can last a lifetime, and can even cause death Simply put, addiction (SUDS) changes the brain and impairs the way it works. Just as cardiovascular disease damages the heart and changes its functioning. Below is an image of the brain (left) and the heart (right). These images show how scientists can use imaging technology to measure functioning of the brain and heart. Greater activity is shown in reds and yellows, and reduced activity is shown in blues and purples. Both the healthy brain and the healthy heart show greater activity than the diseased brain and heart, because both addiction and heart disease cause changes in function. In drug addiction, the frontal cortex in particular shows less activity. This is the part of the brain associated with judgment and decision-making (NIDA).

Linux is an operating system used from smartphones to home appliances and personal computers to supercomputers, it is used everywhere. You are using the Android, it is also powered by the Linux. It a kernel or operating system invented by Linus Torvalds in 1991- a student of the University of Helsinki in Finland. This article is especially for those who are new to Linux and interested to learn the Linux administration basics, required skills and duties for every Linux system administrator. What is Linux system and its components? Why Linux is used anywhere? Because it is an open-source operating system, every programmer can use its kernel to design custom operating systems. It is written in the C language and other programming languages including C++, Assembly, Objective-C, and others. There are many operating systems that are using Linux as a kernel including Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian and thousands of others. Following are the components of a Linux Operating system. Full Article Source: https://www.temok.co...administration/

Please let us know what time you are planning to check-in, so we can make sure it's set up before your arrival. These balloons will float and bring joy for several days during your stay in Cairns! The colour scheme is competely up to you, so get creative!! *NOTE* If the ceiling in the hotel room is not suitable for balloons (too rough), we will attached them to weights instead.

Early Reader Addition Word Problems up to 10 for Special Education: Using Point and Count visual support to help young learners, students with Special Needs, or Autism, addition word problems have never been easier to solve! With early reader sight words, including color words and simple counting strategies, your students will master this skill in no time! Data collection sheets are included for each of the 4 sets for easy documentation of skills learned. This purchase includes four 10 page booklets. Just print, trim, staple and use in your classroom TODAY! IEP GOAL ALIGNMENT: Given 10 word problems using early reader sight words and simple counting strategies, STUDENT will read and correctly solve each word problem with 80% accuracy in 8 out of 10 opportunities, by MONTH, YEAR. Copyright © AutismEducators.com. All rights reserved by author. This product is to be used by the original downloader only. Copying for more than one teacher, classroom, department, school, or school system is prohibited. This product may not be distributed or displayed digitally for public view. Failure to comply is a copyright infringement and a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). Clipart and elements found in this PDF are copyrighted and cannot be extracted and used outside of this file without permission or license. Intended for classroom and personal use ONLY. See product file for clip art credits.

Following on from the previous video, which showed how to draw a shield design accurately with a ruler and compass, here are six different shapes based on that one design and six different ways of splitting up the face of the shield. More to come. Learn how to draw Queen Elizabeth the first of England real easy, with step by step instructions. Accession means taking the place of the previous king or queen. In this portrait, the newly crowned Elizabeth wears the full costume she wore for her coronation at Westminster Abbey on 15 January 1559. The original painting is very complicated, but I have tried to make it easy for you to draw for Tudor History or fashion projects.

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Here we are bringing you the latest AI news! Discover AI articles from various artificial intelligence topics such as latest AI developments, predictions for the future or AI use cases. AI is very similar to the Internet and right now it's where the Internet was in the mid 90s. The timing for understanding AI and applying it in your business is now! Venture into Uncharted Territory of AI products -- with Confidence! Building new AI products for most companies is an uncharted territory. At Inventurist we have invented an engineering approach that makes traversing this uncharted territory easier and more predictable. On March 15, 2017, we held a meetup in Palo Alto, CA, to discuss the applications of AI in various domains of transportation. With the above Pyramid we can map where the existing or future AI technologies or solutions are located. Our mission at Inventurist is to improve the chance of success for startups by what I've been calling data-driven startup economy. How repeatable and reusable the data science techniques can be to understand how data science works and what results can be achieved. Is there a bigger purpose for all the work that small and large companies are doing in the Big Data domain? Bigger than trying to find needles of insight in haystacks of data? We Need a New Kind of Hammer! Building Enterprise Knowledge Graph is difficult mainly because it requires a different set of technologies and skills than we normally find in enterprises such as the three-tier architecture or the relational databases. But perhaps most importantly, building Enterprise Knowledge Graph requires a different mindset than the mainstream IT in large companies.

do Frederick Neumann and Louisa Wente, Logan. Jessica Lee Bass (b. 26 Sept 1981). d. Jan. 23, 1955, Garden City, KS. m. April 23, 2010 to Franklin Wayne Baker (b. 21 August 1983). divorced; d. Oct 8. 1993, Lewiston, ID). so Jacob Miller & Katharina Blehm. Mildred Etta Marshall Strickert, previously m. Hiram Arthur Goud. Anthony Garrett Strickert (b. 1987, Garden City, KS). Jerry Robert Strickert (b. 1989, Garden City, KS). do Craig Ashton & Linda Scott). s.o. Lantz Eugene Morgan, sr. & Bobbie Lynn Jennings). m. Dec. 21, 1938 in Scott City, KS, Doris Mae Darland, b. Aug. 1, 1913, Gridley, KS, do Alfred & Nellie M. Darland, d. Sept. 27, 2007). m. John Michael Duck (b. 20 Nov. 1969, Guthrie, OK; so Stephen A. & Vicki Duck; d. 17 August 2013). m. Aug. 1, 1941 Scott Cit, KS Myra Lorane Roemer, b. 1922, Gove, KS, do William Roemer and Iva Litton. Albert Ralph Strickert (b. April 15, 1929, Govan, WA, d. Apr. 1, 2003, Moses Lake, WA) . Rita Lynette West Strickert (b. 1954; d. Feb. 9, 2014, Alexandria, Louisiana). so Carroll Vance Miller & Letha May Van Vleet), div. 1982. do J.D. Rice and Naomi Drew). so Jerome Lawrence Seck & Evelyn Agnes Wilson; d. Oct. 3, 2005, North Platte, NE). Copyright Fred Strickert. All rights reserved.

Congratulations Brenda Payer! Congratulations to Brenda Payer, a longtime member of our guild, and quilter extraordinaire for winning first place for handquilting at the International Plowing Match Quilt Show in Harriston, ON this summer. Here's Brenda and her beautiful quilt. This is awesome and we are so proud of you Brenda. Today we launch our new web site! It introduces a new look, information about our upcoming 2016-2017 Quilt Guild programs and activities, and lots of information about our guild and our quilts. The organization of the information is a little different - I invite you to take some time to explore the site. Photos from our 2015-2016 Show-and-Tell are now available - see ACTIVITIES. A new feature is this BLOG. Watch this space for breaking information, including posts with photos from our guest presentations at our meetings. We'll also post the President's monthly messages on the blog so they will always be available for your future reference. The September 2016 newsletter is now available - you can also access it from the top right of the HOME page or under RESOURCES. The archived newsletters have not been completely moved over to this new site - this will be added over the coming weeks and accessible under RESOURCES. We'll be adding more bling to the site now that we have the basic information here. Watch for more visual pizzazz unfolding over the next little while. And we would love your feedback on this new site. Please contact us by email |||EMAIL_ADDRESS||| - you can even write your message within the web site on the CONTACT page. Or let us know at our meetings. And if you notice any malfunctions - broken links - spelling errors, or anything else, please do let us know so they can be corrected. Now that we've launched the site, we're ready to add more information. We welcome your ideas for additional content. ​​ Welcome Back Returning and New Members! How did it get to September already! It was a busy summer with quilt shows that I attended, shopping and actually making a couple of quilts! We travelled to Vancouver and the Sunshine Coast this summer and I brought back some goodies to share. I know a number of others have been traveling as well and I look forward to hearing the stories from everyone. We have a great year ahead with our quilt show in April 2017. We will be showing off the raffle quilt in September and the raffle tickets will be ready for October. When my husband and I were coming back from the Sunshine Coast, we were walking around Horseshoe Bay and wanted to go into a gift shop. Unfortunately it was closed, but my husband spotted a sign in the window for the Vancouver Modern Quilt Show that was happening that Saturday. What a great guy for mentioning that! Perfect, guess where we went on Saturday. This blog post illustrates how wonderful this show was. It includes a number of my favorite quilts, and you can see a few of my photos below. I would be remiss if I did not congratulate the Almonte Quilt Guild on their first quilt show this past summer. I ran into a few of our members there. Everyone I spoke to really enjoyed the show. Good job Almonte folks! As usual, I can't wait for show and tell, I finished a baby quilt this summer, baby is due any day now and the quilt is in the crib in Niagara. I do have a few other items for show and tell that I will share. My personal goal is to finish a few UFOs for the show next year. We still need a few people to sell tickets this year, grab a friend and you can chat and sell at the same time. It would be nice to have 3-4 people so that you can alternate, or have built in back up if you are traveling. If I have not received your Canada 150 quilt blocks yet, please bring them to the September meeting. May you have more forward stitches than reverse!

Current and historical inventory turnover ratio for Terna Rete Elettrica Nazionale SpA (TEZNY) from 1970 to 1969. Inventory turnover ratio can be defined as a ratio showing how many times a company's inventory is sold and replaced over a period. Terna Rete Elettrica Nazionale SpA inventory turnover ratio for the three months ending December 31, 1969 was 0.00. TERNA Rete Elettrica Nazionale SpA engages in the grid operation for the transmission of electricity primarily in Italy. The company provides entire electricity system and for guaranteeing the supply of electricity to all companies and private individuals. TERNA Rete Elettrica Nazionale SpA is headquartered in Rome, Italy.

HD 189733b, an exoplanet whose atmosphere is being blown off by its sun’s solar flares, was discovered by the emerging field of exo-meteorology. Science is advancing, and as it does, fields like biology, chemistry, physics, and astronomy are becoming increasingly specialized and interdisciplinary, leading to entirely new avenues of inquiry. Here re 11 emerging scientific fields you should know about. If you know about Toxoplasma gondii — the cat-spawned parasite that alters both rodent and human behavior — then you know about the work of neuroparasitologists. The fact that these eerie parasites now have their very own scientific discipline devoted to them shows just how prevalent they are in nature. These parasites typically alter host behavior as a part of their reproductive strategy (often by being consumed and excreted by a third party). A good example is Euhaplorchis californiensis, which causes fish to shimmy and jump so wading birds will grab and eat them. Hairworms, which live inside grasshoppers, eventually need to leave their hosts to continue their life cycle. Rather than leave peacefully, however, they release a cocktail of chemicals that makes the grasshoppers commit suicide by leaping into water. The hairworms then swim away from their drowning hosts. Continue reading io9

What a start to the playoffs the Wildcard Round brought to us! Who saw the Rams man-handling Seattle? The Bills almost choke and lose to the Colts? Or the Browns blow the doors off the Steelers, and there was still a gut feeling that they would find a way to be the Browns and lose? We are gearing up for the Divisional Round and this weekend’s games separate contenders from pretenders. Can the Browns beat the Chiefs? Can the Rams beat the Packers? Probably not, but we will enjoy watching them try! What players have the biggest chance to make a splash for your playoff line up this weekend? Fresh off a game where he threw for over 300 yards, Josh Allen will continue to add more touchdowns in their postseason run to a Super Bowl. The road for the Bills was going to be tough and rocket arm Josh Allen is up for the challenge. Not to mention, he will be out for vengeance as the last time these two teams met, the Ravens came away with a 24-17 victory. This was of course last season before the Bills were gifted Stefon Diggs. Fun fact about J.K. Dobbins, he has found the end zone at least one time each game since Week 10 against the Patriots (did not play Week 12). The Ravens average more yards per game rushing than they do passing. With so many weapons and the constant threat of Lamar taking off and running downfield, much like he did last weekend against the Titans, Dobbins finds a lot of production. Dobbins is a no-brainer this weekend. Nick Chubb had a monster game against the Steelers this past weekend. Logging 18 carries for 76 yards, while also catching four passes for 69 yards and a touchdown, Chubb is looking to carry that momentum into this weekend to face a much more favorable match up in the Kansas City Chiefs. The Chiefs allowed 122.1 rushing yards per game and for a back like Chubb who averaged 88.9 yards and 1 touchdown per game this season, I am taking that all day long. Michael Thomas returned this past weekend and scored the opening touchdown in the victory against the Chicago Bears this weekend. Catching five passes for 73 yards and a touchdown, is modest for Thomas. With this being his first game back, the Saints may have been easing him into the game plan. Look for Brees to target his favorite receiver a lot this weekend in their division rivalry match up. A.B. has been red hot in his last few appearances and has scored a touchdown in every game since Week 15. With four straight weeks of recording touchdowns, Brown is a great bet to continue this trend, while also preserving both Chris Godwin and Mike Evans for the Conference Championship next weekend. Strike while the iron is hot. I like Tonyan in this spot. He receives a lot of attention down near the goal line and Rodgers is usually able to find him or at the very least target him. With Green Bay going up against a Rams defense who can plug up the run with Aaron Donald and cover Davante Adams with Jalen Ramsey, Rodgers can find his favorite tight end all day long. Normally, I would not recommend having a running back duo in your lineup at the same time. This is an exception because Kareem Hunt is a touchdown vulture in games like this. Hunt also has a lot of value as a pass catching back out of the backfield. Look for this game between the Chiefs and the Browns to have some scoring.

Topic: BatzB - Zand River South Africa, 10 May 1900 Zand River, an action during the Second South African War, fought on 10 May 1900 in northern Orange Free State as Boer forces attempted to check the advance of the British army led by Field Marshal Lord Roberts. Following the action on 5 May, when the British forced their way over the Vet River (see Coetzee Drift), the Boers had retreated hurriedly to the Zand. It was here that a reconnaissance by the mounted infantry brigade commanded by Major General Edward Hutton (which included several Australian units) found them strongly entrenched around Virginia Siding on 7 May, confirming that this was to be the focus of the burghers' next major show of resistance. A squadron of the New South Wales Mounted Rifles reached within 500 metres of the river, but were driven off by enemy shellfire. Since the defence on the Vet, the commandant-general of the Boer forces (General Louis Botha) had arrived at Virginia Siding on 7 May to take personal charge of operations, bringing with him some 3,000 reinforcements from the Transvaal. All the Free State burghers still under arms - probably not numbering more than 5,000 - were also now concentrated at the Zand. Their object was to attempt to prevent the capture of Kroonstad, 64 kilometres to the north, which was the Free State capital since the fall of Bloemfontein in March and an important supply centre in its own right. The terrain held a major advantage for this purpose, chiefly in the form of a ridge line running along the river's north bank which formed a useful basis for the defence of the. Boer centre covering the railway line and the left flank in the east. The weak point was the western flank, which was susceptible to a British turning movement, and Botha was obliged to adopt dispositions which took this possibility into account. Although Roberts recognised the potential for a wide sweep past the Boer flank to carry his cavalry to Kroonstad and beyond, such as he had used to relieve Kimberley (q.v.), he was not prepared to risk the attrition which that tactic had previously caused. The cavalry division, under Lieut.-General John French, had only just been returned to strength in time to rejoin the army for the. Land operation. He nonetheless decided to attempt to envelop Botha's forces by sending two of French's brigades and Hutton's mounted infantry - 4,000 men in all - around the enemy's right flank, meeting up around Ventersburg Siding with another cavalry brigade which was to come in from the east after turning the enemy's left. Implementation of this plan began on 9 May, when Colonel T.C. Porter's 1st Cavalry Brigade (which included the 1st Australian Horse, the New South Wales Lancers and New South Wales Army Medical Corps) seized control of a ford just west of the furthermost Boer outpost at Diamant Drift, some ten kilometres from the railway. French and his staff, along with Hutton's mounted infantry brigade, joined him here later in the day. The rest of Roberts' army - totalling 38,000 men with 100 field guns and twelve pom-poms - had closed up on the river, but apart from a crossing made at Koolspruit Drift (in the centre) by some mounted infantry the forcing of the Land was left until the following day. When French set off on 10 May with Porter's brigade, pushing rapidly north-east, Botha was initially unaware that there was any British activity on his flank. Only with the approach of the cavalry towards Vredes Verdrag, a ridge sixteen kilometres directly north and behind him, did he discover the peril confronting the entire Boer defence. After sending off a 200-man reserve to oppose any further progress by French, Botha ordered a general retirement; only a small rearguard was left at Virginia Siding to delay Roberts' main advance. The measures taken by the Boer commander were just in time. French's efforts to capture Vredes Verdrag and cover the last eight kilometres east to Ventersburg Siding were vigorously opposed, in the first instance by fire from two Boer guns covering the approaches to the ridge. In an attempt to outflank these weapons, the Australian Horse and three other squadrons were sent to seize an apparently unoccupied kopje (low hill) on the left. The troops gained the hill and dismounted, but were then ambushed by a party of Boers who had been lying in wait. Caught in a crossfire and lacking a unified command, the troopers were quickly driven off the hill in confusion. Left behind were fourteen killed and 63 prisoners, 36 of whom were wounded; at least one Australian Horse officer was among those captured. Attempts by the Boers to capitalise on their success were beaten off, but French -anxious to maintain the momentum of his advance-decided to bypass the enemy position by moving west around Vredes Verdrag and on to the next hill to the north. This movement was constantly harried by the Boers, who were in sufficient strength to keep French's horsemen away from the railway line. Hutton's mounted infantry, following along behind, also encountered some hard fighting. Among the casualties suffered by his brigade were eight men of the New South Wales Mounted Rifles, which regiment had been temporarily assigned to his command. Meanwhile, Roberts' main column made an easy crossing of the river while his mounted elements in the lead pursued the Boers up the railway to Ventersburg Siding. Although more strongly opposed on the right, the British were again able to drive the Boers back and get across the Land with light casualties. The flanking movement from this side, planned to have been executed by Colonel R.G. Broadwood's cavalry brigade. was late in starting out and played little part in the course of the day's operations, which in effect decided the fate of Kroonstad itself occupied with minimal opposition two days later. Extracted from the book produced by Chris Coulthard-Clark, Where Australians Fought - The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles, Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1998, pp. 76-78. Additional References cited by Chris Coulthard-Clark: L.S. Amery, (ed.) The Times History of the War in South Africa 1899-1902, Vol. 4 (1906), London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. History of the War in South Africa 1899- 1902, Vol. 3 (1908), London: Hurst & Blackett. John Stirling (1907) The Colonials in South Africa, 1899-1902. Edinburgh: W. Blackwood & Sons. Citation: Zand River, South Africa, May 10, 1900, Outline

Answer to Question #38903 in Mechanics | Relativity for Hamza Afridi Is Pressure vector quantity or scalar quantity? Justify your answer? It should be noted that pressure is force per unit area acting perpendicularly to the surface. This means that what we divide by area is not just the force but the dot product of the force and the unit vector perpendicular to the surface. This dot product is a scalar and hence pressure is actually a scalar. (A scalar divided by another scalar is a scalar) Answer: scalar quantity

The high seas account for half of the Earth’s surface, or two thirds of the planet’s total ocean area. They hold incredible biodiversity—around 2 million unidentified species—and provide essential ecosystem services, such as seafood, genetic resources, air purification, climate regulation and waste treatment. More than 70 countries want to protect 30% of the ocean by 2030. Yet only around 1.2% of the high seas are currently protected. Unfortunately, diplomats meeting at the UN in New York have failed (at their fifth attempt) to agree on a high seas treaty. In this interview for TRT World I explain why having a global ocean treaty is so significant. More on the ocean economy: - Winners announced for Ocean Changemakers Challenge 2022 - How to shift the ocean narrative for a sustainable blue economy - Blue climate solutions: the role of marine natural capital in mitigating climate change - Speaking at the 30th anniversary of the John Nurminen Foundation in Helsinki - Moderating at World Ocean Tech and Innovation Summit in Halifax, Canada

1. a. An electron of rest mass (0.511Mev) is accelerated in a linear accelerator so it has a total energy of 40 Gev. i).What fraction of the total energy is kinetic energy? ii).what is the reletivistic linear momentum of the electron? iii).What is its relativistic mass? b.A particle of rest mass m travels so that its total energy is twice its rest mass energy. It collides with a particle of rest mass m and forms a composite particle. i). What is the momentum of each of the initial particles? ii).What is the momentum of the new particle produced in the collision. iii).What is the rest mass of the new particle 3. Here is my attempt at part a, there are a few things I am unsure on firstly, in answering this question I have assumed potential energy is negligeable, i.e. there is only kinetic and rest mass energy, is that ok? Secondly I am a bit worried by the fact I keep getting 40 as an answer and finally, I was unsure on units, what are the units of gamma? a. (i). (40 x 10^9 - 0.511 x 10^6)/40 x 10^9 =0.99999. ii) E^2=p^2c^2 +m^2c^4 so p=40Gev/c iii).E=gmc^2 where g is gamma. Therefore g= (40x 10^9)/ 0.511 x 10^6) =78278. Hence relativistic mass= 78278 x 0.511 x 10^-3= 40 Gev/c^2. Here is part b. b. (i). stationary particle: 0. moving particle:mc^2sqrt(3) using the same equation as in aii. (ii) sqrt(3)mc^2 by conservation laws. (iii)Total energy mc^2 + 2mc^2 =3mc^2 rest energy=sqrt(total energy^2-(momentumxc)^2) =sqrt(6m^2c^4)=mc^2sqrt(6) Have I done this question right?

Justice and the Judges"Justice, justice shall you pursue, that you may live and inherit the land which the Lord your God gives you." But what does Justice really mean? Contact Editor Rabbi Dr. Raymond Apple, 12/08/10 20:27 ערוץ few weeks ago we looked at how a judge is trained. A reader emailed to ask why the focus was on the administrators of justice and not on justice itself. I replied that at the appropriate moment I would examine the concept of justice. That moment is this week when the portion presents us with the immortal words, “Tzedek tzedek tir’dof”, “Justice, justice shall you pursue, that you may live and inherit the land which the Lord your God gives you” (Deut. 16:21). The sages say a great deal about the doubling of “tzedek”, and their views have been explained over the years in OzTorah. This year let us draw a picture of “tzedek tzedek”. Almost inevitably we see it as a pair of scales with a “tzedek” on each side, one “tzedek” balancing the other. That’s what justice is – balance in society, each group, each individual, being balanced against the other, the “haves” and the “have nots”, the “us” and ”them”. Each side has a duty to the other. Each side has its rights – and its obligations. Justice does not favour either side alone but both of them.A dream world? Certainly. Difficult to conceive, hard to achieve. The Torah is under no illusions that the ideal can be easily attained. That’s why it says “tzedek tzedek tir’dof”, “Justice, justice *shall you pursue*”. You may not get to the goal, but you have to pursue it and make the effort. Time after time you will agonize over the elusive balance. How do I allow for the rights of others and accept them as made in the image of God (Gen. 1:27) when it will probably entail curtailing my own rights and self-image? How do I ensure that I do not promote my own “tzedek” at the expense of the others? No wonder the Psalm for Tuesday (Psalm 82) tells us that the Divine Judge must be present beside the human judges, criticizing them for the times when they do not exert themselves enough to improve the balance in their society. A King Without a People When a king ascends his throne, says the Torah, “He shall write for himself a copy of this Torah and it shall be with him all the days of his life” (Deut. 17:18).). Tags:court, beit din, Israeli Supreme CourtRelated StoriesJudge slams police's handling of Jewish-Arab school arsonTerrorist sentenced to life for murdering Israeli soldierCourt believes prosecution witness - but acquits defendantRabbinate to allow mikveh immersion without attendantGrandfather to pay child support after father fled to UmanRabbinical Court to 'shame' man into giving wife a getFirst: 'Chained Man' Free As Court Demands Woman Accept DivorceReport: Independent Conversion Courts Water Down ObligationsSupreme Court: Im Tirtzu Does Not Have 'Fascist' TraitsAttorney: If Yaakov Teitel Were Arab, He'd Get More Privileges

An innovative theatre celebration, Cinderella follows the traditional storyline but with a fresh, funky and hysterically funny delivery, set against the backdrop of a magnificent pop-up theatre set by Marius Boshoff. Cast, produced and directed by Jill Girard and Keith Smith, a glorious all-new wardrobe was designed specifically for the production by Linda Wilson. Acclaimed musical director Connie Bentlage incorporates a selection of contemporary hits including a side-splitting delivery of the Pussycatdolls’ “Don’t Cha’ by the hilarious Ugly Sisters and a company delivery of all-time great (You Know You Make Me Wanna) Shout! Cinderella runs at the Peoples Theatre until Sunday, 24th of December. Performances during government school terms are weekdays at 9am and 11am and at 10.30am and 2.30pm on Saturdays and public holidays. During government school holidays performances are at 10.30am and 2.30pm from Monday to Saturday. Tickets are R70 for non-members and Kids Club members pay R45, with accompanying audience members paying R60. Special school performances are available at R40.00 per learner, with one complimentary Educator ticket issued per 20 learners. Booking is essential.

Fragile X syndrome is the most common heritable form of intellectual disability and a leading genetic cause of autism. The disorder results from loss of a key regulatory protein known as FMRP, but how the absence of this protein causes the cognitive impairments associated with fragile X syndrome is still unclear. Suzanne Zukin and her colleagues at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, as well as others, have identified hyperactivation of a key cellular signaling pathway — the PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway — as a key feature of the syndrome. Synaptic plasticity refers to changes in the strength of synapses — the connections between neurons — that underlie learning and memory. A specific form of synaptic plasticity that involves metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) is altered in fragile X. Zukin’s team has been studying a small signaling molecule called PI3 kinase enhancer (PIKE). PIKE is linked to mGluRs and is required for activation of PI3K and mTOR in response to mGluR stimulation. PIKE is directly regulated by FMRP, and altered levels of PIKE have been observed in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. These findings support a model in which FMRP represses PIKE and thereby suppresses mTOR signaling in normal mice. Upon activation, mGluRs act via PIKE to engage PI3K signaling, which activates mTOR and drives the local synthesis of synaptic proteins critical to learning and memory. In mice lacking FMRP, PIKE is unrepressed, resulting in over-activation of mTOR, and disrupted synapses. Zukin’s lab is using a combination of genetic approaches to correct excessive PIKE protein levels in mice with the fragile X mutation. They have generated fragile X mice that are missing either one or both PIKE alleles, resulting in reduced or absent PIKE expression, respectively. Experiments are ongoing to assess whether altered PIKE expression is sufficient to correct elevated mTOR signaling and synaptic plasticity deficits in the fragile X mice.

Saturday, July 24, 2010 These students of the Faculty of Language and Arts Education of the Indonesia University of Education (UPI) are learning to make batik. The tool they are holding in their hands is called canting. Canting is an Indonesian batik-making traditional tool that is used to apply wax in fine dots and lines on a cloth. It has a brass wax container head with needle spout and a bamboo or wooden handle (see picture). If you are interested in learning how to make batik, here is an excellent illustrated step by step article that you may want to read. Indonesian batik was designated by the UNESCO as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on October 2, 2009.

Do Lenders Look at Your Business as a Risk? Being in charge of a small business in today’s day and age can be both beneficial and downright challenging. On the plus side, there are ample opportunities out there (when one knows how to seize them) to take a small business idea and run with it. On the down side, complications may arise (some under your control, some not) that can hamper your progress or even bring you down at some point and time. That said the success or failure of your small business almost always boils down to money, typically how much or how little of it that you have. Yes, hiring the best employees (if you’re more than a one-person show) to better ensure team chemistry and first-rate customer service sure do matter, but it generally all boils down to dollars. So, how can you keep your small business in the black and buzzing right along? Touting your success stories – Given that many small businesses do not have the financial capital or the ability to promote themselves like larger companies do, it is important to get your success stories out to the public whenever possible. In doing so, you give consumers more reasons to want to do business with you. That said using a sound public relations attack time and time again is crucial. Try whenever possible to put customer testimonials out there for the public to see. This can be done on your website, through newspaper and magazine advertisements, radio ads and more. In doing so, you give other consumers more reason to think about possibly conducting some business with you. Lastly, make sure the testimonials are upbeat and feature happy folks. When consumers tend to see happy people with their products and/or services of choice, it spurs them on to consider buying or renting them too. There are so many factors that go into making a small business successful; they sometimes can seem too endless to list. Above all else, make sure your company’s finances are in the best order they can be. When you do that to the best of your ability, you increase the odds of having a long run as a small business owner. On the other hand, not being cognizant of your financial operations can unfortunately be the beginning of the end.

Tracking the Movement of Sunspots Students examine how the development of new technology has increased our knowledge of how the sun works. Students study sunspots through the use of solar imaging from satellite instruments. 9th - 12th Science 3 Views 3 Downloads New Review The Brain’s Inner Workings Do you want to learn about how you learn? Help pupils become the best learners they can be by teaching them how their brain works. The resources available include videos about brain structure and a study guide full of activities that... 9th - 12th Science CCSS: Adaptable The Sun and Its Effects on Your Community Why is the sun round? Examine this question, and others, with your pupils while teaching them how to live in a more earth-friendly environment. Pupils explore Sun composition and discuss how solar wind, sunspots, and solar energy affects... 7th - 12th Science Making Sense of Sensors Have small groups in your class construct working hygrometers as an example of the benefits of using sensors in engineering. This instructional activity can be used during a weather unit when covering humidity or in a STEM instructional... 3rd - 12th Technology & Engineering CCSS: Adaptable How Does Your Smartphone Know Your Location? When your smartphone tells you the weather of your current location or gives you directions to the nearest gas station, there's more going on that you might realize. Follow along with this short video as it explains how satellites,... 5 mins 9th - Higher Ed Science CCSS: Adaptable

by Laurie Carpenter 2nd - 4th grades The children will discover the magic of mixing colors as they create the rainbow in this art project suitable for classroom, home school, or art room. In the project, the students learn the three primary colors of red, yellow, and blue, and have the experience of mixing them to create the three secondary colors of orange, green, and purple. Through class discussion, they will also share experiences of observing and discovering the beauty of a rainbow. Children will discover the fun of a rainbow as the paint gently fuses together to magically create the colors of our world - just like it does in the sky! Please check out my additional lesson plans @

I think some fringe, older motherboards with M.2 Slots, or those that happen to have 2x M.2 Slots, may have issues doing SATA/PCIe on one of the slots.. but pretty much all B350/X370/Z370 motherboards you're looking at will have no trouble with any M.2 form-factor drive. Either way, PCPartPicker is pretty good about letting you know if there's a compatibility issue. If you *are* set on getting a M.2 NVMe/PCIe drive, the gold standard option is a Samsung 960... i wouldn't bother looking at any other option really. Best Speeds + Best Warranty is tough to beat.

On July 15, 2004, Washington Insurance Commissioner Mike Kreidler formally rejected a proposal by nonprofit Premera Blue Cross to convert to a for-profit corporation.1 Ten days later, Alaska Director of Insurance Linda Hall echoed Kreidler’s decision by rejecting the company’s effort to convert Premera’s holdings in Alaska. Each regulator thoroughly and critically examined the company’s conversion proposal and concluded that it was not in the best interests of consumers. The rejections in Washington and Alaska are part of a new trend….

As I mentioned in a previous post, we have been working around the clock lately. Aside from launching four new brand new lines; GENESIS, NEXUS, REDLINE and VXR, we also decided that we could use a little facelift on the web. So, here it is… the all new AGGRETEK.com. Aside from a few new color choices, we’ve streamlined the entire site. No more fluff, just the information you need. The design department took in all the feedback from the last site and wanted to make a better user experience. We think we’ve done just that! That being said, let us know what you think. Is there something we can do to make it easier for all of you to navigate around? Love the new color scheme? The Dealer Portal has got a bit of a facelift as well, however, it’s the backend that we love the most about the new Dealer Portal. As always, we will be adding more and more documents, manuals GA’a and anything else to help support our dealers. If there is something you need, let me know.

Hmmm...that can’t be right. What am I looking at right now. Nice try, internet, but I’m not buying it. Sure, the Marlins have been playing much, much better of late—coming into tonight they’ve won four of their last five series, and 11 of their last 16 games, and have scored 84 runs over that stretch—but I think it’s safe to assume the internet has its facts all screwed up on this one. Great win for the Brewers.

Protein cargo appears to traverse the bacterial cell membrane through a large, water filled channel Bacteria have plenty of things to send out into world beyond their own boundaries: coordinating signals to other members of their species, poisons for their enemies, and devious instructions to manipulate host cells they have infected. Before any of this can occur, however, they must first get the shipments past their own cell membranes, and many bacteria have evolved specialized structures and systems for launching the proteins that do these jobs. Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Biophysics A watert passage: The pump, a single-molecule machine, (yellow coils) carries proteins through the cell membrane (pink and dark blue). Within the pump, the researchers found a large water-filled channel (light blue), a natural environment for hydrophilic proteins. Researchers at The Rockefeller University have determined the structure of a simple but previously unexamined pump that controls the passage of proteins through a bacterial cell membrane, an achievement that offers new insight into the mechanics that allow bacteria to manipulate their environments. The results were published in Nature on July 23. “This pump, called PCAT for peptidase-containing ATP-binding cassette transporter, is composed of a single protein, a sort of all-in-one machine capable of recognizing its cargo, processing it, then burning chemical fuel to pump that cargo out of the cell,” says study author Jue Chen, William E. Ford Professor and head of the Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Biophysics. “This new atomic-level structure explains for the first time the links between these three functions.” Of the many types of molecules cells need to move into and out of their membranes, proteins are the largest. PCATs specialize in pumping proteins out of the cell, and, because they are single-molecule machines that work alone, or with two partner proteins in some bacteria, they are the simplest such systems. Each PCAT molecule has three domains, each in duplicate: one recognizes the cargo by a tag it carries, and cuts off that tag; another binds to and burns ATP, a molecule that contains energy stored within its atomic bonds; and the third forms a channel that spans the cells membrane. Previous work had examined the structure of the first two domains, but the structure of the third, had remained a mystery, along with the details of how the components function together. “At this point, we have no idea how many PCATs exist, although we expect they are numerous, because each specializes in a specific type of cargo. For this study, we focused on one we called PCAT1, which transports a small protein of unknown function,” says first author David Yin-wei Lin, a postdoc in the lab. “To get a sense of how PCAT1 changes shape when powered by energy from ATP, we examined the structure in two states, both with and without ATP.” The team, which also included Shuo Huang, a research technician who is now a graduate student at Georgia Institute of Technology, purified and crystalized the PCAT1 protein from the heat-loving bacterium Clostridium thermocellum. To determine the structure of the crystals, they used a technique called X-ray diffraction analysis, in which a pattern produced by X-rays bounced off the crystallized protein can be used to infer the structure of the molecule. The first structure, determined without ATP, revealed a striking feature: a large, water-filled central channel, a natural environment for a water-loving, or hydrophilic, protein. Two side openings into this channel were guarded by the cargo-recognizing domain, acting as a sort of ticket taker. Sites on this domain would recognize and clip off the cargo’s tag, before ushering the protein into the channel. When ATP is present, they found that the side entrances close, freeing the cargo-recognizing domain to move from its station outside of them. In addition, the ATP-binding domains at the bottom of the channel inside the cell come together. The researchers also saw the water channel shrink, leading them to hypothesize that energy from ATP allows PCAT1 to change conformation in such a way that it pushes its cargo out. This suggests that PCAT1 uses a strategy commonly seen in transport proteins known as alternate access, in which one end of the channel is open while the other closes. However, they qualify that PCATs that transport much larger proteins may function differently. “By visualizing the structure of this pump, we have been able to determine the details of a transport pathway that, in its simplicity, is fundamentally different from the more complex systems that have been closely studied before. This new information adds to the understanding of how cells send out proteins in order to interact with their environment,” Chen says. Wynne Parry | newswise The world's tiniest first responders 21.06.2018 | University of Southern California A new toxin in Cholera bacteria discovered by scientists in Umeå 21.06.2018 | Schwedischer Forschungsrat - The Swedish Research Council In a recent publication in the renowned journal Optica, scientists of Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT) in Jena showed that they can accurately control the optical properties of liquid-core fiber lasers and therefore their spectral band width by temperature and pressure tuning. Already last year, the researchers provided experimental proof of a new dynamic of hybrid solitons– temporally and spectrally stationary light waves resulting... Scientists from the University of Freiburg and the University of Basel identified a master regulator for bone regeneration. Prasad Shastri, Professor of... Moving into its fourth decade, AchemAsia is setting out for new horizons: The International Expo and Innovation Forum for Sustainable Chemical Production will take place from 21-23 May 2019 in Shanghai, China. With an updated event profile, the eleventh edition focusses on topics that are especially relevant for the Chinese process industry, putting a strong emphasis on sustainability and innovation. Founded in 1989 as a spin-off of ACHEMA to cater to the needs of China’s then developing industry, AchemAsia has since grown into a platform where the latest... The BMBF-funded OWICELLS project was successfully completed with a final presentation at the BMW plant in Munich. The presentation demonstrated a Li-Fi communication with a mobile robot, while the robot carried out usual production processes (welding, moving and testing parts) in a 5x5m² production cell. The robust, optical wireless transmission is based on spatial diversity; in other words, data is sent and received simultaneously by several LEDs and several photodiodes. The system can transmit data at more than 100 Mbit/s and five milliseconds latency. Modern production technologies in the automobile industry must become more flexible in order to fulfil individual customer requirements. An international team of scientists has discovered a new way to transfer image information through multimodal fibers with almost no distortion - even if the fiber is bent. The results of the study, to which scientist from the Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (Leibniz IPHT) contributed, were published on 6thJune in the highly-cited journal Physical Review Letters. Endoscopes allow doctors to see into a patient’s body like through a keyhole. Typically, the images are transmitted via a bundle of several hundreds of optical... 13.06.2018 | Event News 08.06.2018 | Event News 05.06.2018 | Event News 21.06.2018 | Earth Sciences 21.06.2018 | Life Sciences 21.06.2018 | Earth Sciences

Regular consumption of oily fish may help protect against vision loss caused by wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), European researchers say. They found that people who consumed the most (300 milligrams a day or more) of fish-based omega 3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were 70 percent less likely to have wet AMD, United Press International reported. The study was published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. "This is the first study in Europeans to show a beneficial association on wet age-related macular degeneration from the consumption of oily fish and is consistent with results from studies in the United States and Australia," study leader Astrid Fletcher, of the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, said in a news release. She noted that two, 3-ounce servings per week of oily fish such as salmon, tuna or mackerel provide about 500 milligrams of DHA and EPA per day, UPI reported.

Muscular dystrophy and myasthenia gravis are complicated conditions. According to the research, muscular dystrophy is a "group of familial disorders that cause degeneration of skeletal muscle fibers" (Carroll, 2008, p 1633). Many researchers believe that the different types are each caused by different biochemical defects. For example, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is thought t be the result of a single gene defect "thought to be caused by a deletion of a segment of deoxyribonucleic acid" (Carroll, 2008, p 1633). Similarly, Becker Muscular Dystrophy is also caused by deformities in the X-link. Different types of dystrophy affect different muscle groups. There is the example of scapuloperneal Muscular Dystrophy, which affects the facial and shoulder muscles. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular condition, caused by abnormal transmission of nerve impulses to the affected muscle groups. Normal communication is interrupted, where antibodies... It is also a condition which weakens the skeletal muscles, especially after activity. Smaller muscles, such as those involved with controlling facial expression, eye and mouth movement are often affected by the disease. Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis are different in terms of cause, clinical findings, and treatment. Osteoarthritis is often caused by normal wear and tear on joints. This type of arthritis is associated with aging bodies, but can also be cause by joint injuries sustained throughout life (Crowther-Radulewicz). Clinical studies have found that isolated joints become enlarged and hard on palpitations. Treatment is conducted with the use of NSAIDS. On the other hand, rheumatoid arthritis is Therefore, it is very crucial for all the nurses examining the athletes to carefully differentiate the murmurs of the behaviors of athletes and recommend if it is safe for them to continue sports behaviour. Discussion 2: Anaphylactic Shock Anaphylaxis shock is a very dangerous and life threatening allergy reaction that needs right, quick and aggressive treatment on time. Due to lack of recognition, the exact evidence of this condition is difficult Annunaki Mystery: Are Homo Sapiens the Result of an Alteration of Homo Erectus DNA Mixed with Unspecified Cells of the Ancient Sumerian Gods Known as the Annunaki? The objective of this study is to examine the creation of Adam and Eve which is related in the Holy Bible account of the Garden of Eden and to examine other ancient texts which relate the creation of mankind and to determine if homo Company audit occurs when there is need to examine the performance of a big company especially the financial and the accounting records over a given period of time. Professionals such as the certified public accountant always do the auditing. The audit of a company is significant in the verification of accuracy particularly in the accounting records. A company like coca cola will need an audit to help in verifying their Uniform Alterations Military combat has become a very contentious issue in today's upcoming presidential elections. Many individuals, including myself, believe America is fighting a fruitless war in the Middle East. The war in Afghanistan, in particular has been a contentious issue for both developed nations and those around the world. The Middle East, and specifically, Afghanistan, has had a profound impact on global prosperity and the resultant quality of life for Bibliography Fenton, Drew Evan (2010) Myocardial Infarction. eMedicine. 24 Jun 2010) Online available at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/759321-overview Fletcher GF, Balady G, Blair SN, et al. Statement on exercise: benefits and recommendations for physical activity programs for all Americans: a statement for health professionals by the Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association. Circulation. 1996;94:857 -- 862. [PubMed] cited in Williams, Paul T. 2010) Physical Fitness and Monopolistic competition occurs in marketplaces where there is competition, but the competition is imperfect. Firms sell goods that are similar, but firms have differentiated them, either practically through product or service characteristics, or through advertising, so they are perceived as being different by the consumers (Gillespie, 2013). This creates the ability to act in a manner similar to a monopoly in the short-term (Gillespie, 2013). The concept may be examined