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1-5a6995db65.jsonp

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+window.page1_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page1\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:103px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:540px;top:5336px;word-spacing:-2px;color:#0f5890\">CRS Report for Congress</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:521px;top:5455px;color:#0f5890\"> Prepar<span class=l7>ed for Members an<span class=l6>d Committees of <span class=l6>Congress </span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:162px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:530px;top:1350px;word-spacing:-3px\">How to Develop <span class=w6></span>and W<span class=l7>rite a Grant <span class=w6></span>Proposal </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:530px;top:1725px;word-spacing:5px;letter-spacing:-2px\">Merete F. Gerli </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff7\" style=\"font-size:105px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:530px;top:1865px;word-spacing:-7px\">Information Research Specialist </span><span class=a style=\"left:504px;top:2137px\"> January 11, 20<span class=l6>12 </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2912px;top:4873px;word-spacing:-4px\">Congressional Research Service </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff7\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3769px;top:5002px\">7-5700 </span><span class=a style=\"left:3543px;top:5102px\">www.crs.gov </span><span class=a style=\"left:3699px;top:5214px\">RL32159 </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:78px;top:52px;width:733px;height:167px;clip:rect(1px 732px 162px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/1-5a6995db65.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:346px;top:912px;width:733px;height:167px;clip:rect(164px 468px 166px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/1-5a6995db65.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

10-0e2824fc90.jsonp

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+window.page10_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page10\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>7 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:629px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Introduction: Presenting a Credible Applicant </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:818px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">In the introduction, applicants describe their organization and demonstrate that they are qualified </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:912px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">to carry out the proposed project—they establish their credibility and make the point that they are </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1005px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">a good investment, in no more than a page. Statements made here should be carefully tailored, </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1099px\"> pointing out <span class=l7>that the ov<span class=l7>erall goa<span class=l6>ls and purpos<span class=l6>es of the <span class=l6>applican<span class=l6>t are cons<span class=l6>istent with <span class=l7>those of the </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1192px;word-spacing:-5px\">funding source. This section should provide the <span class=w7></span>following: </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1375px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1331px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1356px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">A brief history of the organization, its past and present operations, its goals and </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1450px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">mission, its significant accomplishments, any success stories. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1612px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1568px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1593px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Reference should be made to grants, endorsements, and press coverage the </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1687px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">organization has already received (with supporting documentation included in the </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1780px\">appendix). </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1942px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1898px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1923px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Qualifications of its professional staff, and a list of its board of directors. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:2085px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2041px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2066px;word-spacing:-4px\">Indicate whether funds for other parts of <span class=w7></span>the project are being sought elsewhere; </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2160px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">such evidence will strengthen the proposal, demonstrating to the reviewing </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2253px;word-spacing:-4px\">officer that all avenues of support have been throughly explored. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:2414px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2370px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2395px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">An individual applicant should include a succinct resume relating to the </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2489px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">objectives of the proposal (what makes the applicant eligible to undertake the </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2583px;word-spacing:-4px\">work or pr<span class=w6></span>oject?<span class=l6>). </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2802px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Problem Statement or Needs Assessment </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2992px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">This section lays out the reason for the proposal. It should make a clear, concise, and well-</span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3085px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">supported statement of the problem to be addressed, from the beneficiaries’ viewpoint, in no more </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3178px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">than two pages. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3360px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The best way to collect information about the problem is to conduct and document both a formal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3453px;word-spacing:-4px\">and informal needs assessment for a program in the <span class=w6></span>target or service area. The information </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3547px\"> provided shou<span class=l6>ld be both <span class=l6>factual <span class=l6>and direc<span class=l6>tly relat<span class=l6>ed to the <span class=l6>problem a<span class=l6>ddressed by <span class=l6>the proposa<span class=l7>l. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3639px;word-spacing:-4px\">Areas to document are as follows: </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3823px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3779px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3804px;word-spacing:-5px\">Purpose for developing the proposal. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3966px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3922px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3947px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Beneficiaries—who are they and how will they benefit. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4110px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4066px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4090px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Social and economic costs to be affected. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4253px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4209px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:4234px\"> Nature of the <span class=l8>problem (pro<span class=l6>vide as m<span class=l6>uch hard e<span class=l6>vidence <span class=l6>as possible<span class=l7>). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4396px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4352px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4377px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">How the applicant or organization came to realize the problem exists, and what is </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4471px;word-spacing:-5px\">currently being done about the <span class=w8></span>problem. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4633px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4589px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4614px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Stress what gaps exist in addressing the problem that will be addressed by the </span><span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:4708px\"> proposal. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4869px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4825px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4850px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Remaining alternatives available when funding has been exhausted. Explain what </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4944px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">will happen to the project and the impending implications. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:5106px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:5062px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:5087px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Most important, the specific manner through which problems might be solved. </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:5181px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Review the resources needed, considering how they will be used and to what end. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/10-0e2824fc90.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/10-0e2824fc90.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

11-49c4e46d38.jsonp

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+window.page11_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page11\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>8 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">One of the pitfalls to be avoided is defining the problem as a lack of program or facility (i.e., </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:-4px\">giving one of the <span class=w7></span>possible solution<span class=l6>s to a <span class=w8></span>problem as the problem itself). For example, the lack of a </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:800px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">medical center in an economically depressed area is not the problem—the problem is that poor </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:893px\"> people in <span class=l6>the area <span class=l6>have he<span class=l6>alth needs <span class=l7>that are no<span class=l6>t currently <span class=l7>being addre<span class=l6>ssed. <span class=l6>The problem </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:986px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">described should be of reasonable dimensions, with the targeted population and geographic area </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1079px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">clearly defined. It should include a retrospective view of the situation, describing past efforts to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1172px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">ameliorate it, and making projections for the future. The problem statement, developed with input </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1266px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">from the beneficiaries, must be supported by statistics and statements from authorities in the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1359px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">fields. The case must be made that the applicant, because of its history, demonstrable skills, and </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1452px\"> past acc<span class=l6>omplishme<span class=l6>nts, is th<span class=l6>e right or<span class=l6>ganizati<span class=l6>on to solve <span class=l7>the problem<span class=l6>. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1634px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">There is a considerable body of literature on the exact assessment techniques to be used. Any </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1727px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">local, regional, or state government planning office, or local university offering course work in </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1820px\"> planning a<span class=l6>nd evalua<span class=l6>tion techn<span class=l6>iques should <span class=l7>be able <span class=l6>to provide e<span class=l6>xcellen<span class=l6>t backg<span class=l6>round reference<span class=l6>s. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1913px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Types of data that may be collected include historical, geographic, quantitative, factual, statistical, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2007px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and philosophical information, as well as studies completed by colleges, and literature searches </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2100px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">from public or university libraries. Local colleges or universities which have a department or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2194px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">section related to the proposal topic may help determine if there is interest in developing a student </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2286px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">or faculty project to conduct a needs assessment. It may be helpful to include examples of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2379px;word-spacing:-4px\">findings for highlighting in the proposal. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2621px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Project Objectives: Goals and Desired Outcome </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2811px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Once the needs have been described, proposed solutions have to be outlined, wherever possible in </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2905px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">quantitative terms. The population to be served, time frame of the project, and specific anticipated </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2997px;word-spacing:-4px\">outcomes must be defined. The figures used should be verifiable. If the <span class=w6></span>proposal is funded, the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3090px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">stated objectives will probably be used to evaluate program progress, so they should be realistic. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3184px;word-spacing:-5px\">There is literature available to help identify <span class=w6></span>and write program objectives. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3365px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">It is important not to confuse objectives with methods or strategies toward those ends. For </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3459px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">example, the objective should not be stated as “building a prenatal clinic in Adams County,” but </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3552px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">as “reducing the infant mortality rate in Adams County to X percent by a specific date.” The </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3645px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">concurrent strategy or method of accomplishing the stated objective may include the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3738px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">establishment of mobile clinics that bring services to the community. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3980px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Program Methods and Program Design: A Plan of Action </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4170px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The program design refers to how the project is expected to work and solve the stated problem. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4263px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Just as the statement of objectives builds upon the problem statement, the description of methods </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4356px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">or strategies builds upon the statement of objectives. For each objective, a specific plan of action </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4449px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">should be laid out. It should delineate a sequence of justifiable activities, indicating the proposed </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4542px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">staffing and timetable for each task. This section should be carefully reviewed to make sure that </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4636px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">what is being proposed is realistic in terms of the applicant’s resources and time frame. Outline </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4729px;word-spacing:-6px\">the following: </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4910px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">1. The activities to occur along with the related resources and staff needed to operate the project </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5004px\">(“inputs”). </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/11-49c4e46d38.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/11-49c4e46d38.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

12-91efb70771.jsonp

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+window.page12_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page12\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>9 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">2. A flow chart of the organizational features of the project: describe how the parts interrelate, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">where personnel will be needed, and what they are expected to do. Identify the kinds of facilities, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:800px;word-spacing:-7px\">transportati<span class=l6>on, and <span class=w9></span>support services required <span class=w7></span>(“throughputs”<span class=l6>). </span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:981px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">3. Explain what will be achieved through 1 and 2 above (“outputs”), that is, plan for measurable </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1075px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">results. Project staff may be required to produce evidence of program performance through an </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1168px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">examination of stated objectives during either a site visit by the grantor agency or foundation, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1261px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and/or grant reviews which may involve peer review committees. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1443px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">4. It may be useful to devise a diagram of the program design. Such a procedure will help to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1536px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">conceptualize both the scope and detail of the project. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff1\" style=\"font-size:61px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1737px\">Example: </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff0\" style=\"font-size:62px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1858px;word-spacing:-4px\">Draw a three-column block. Each column is <span class=w7></span>headed by one <span class=w6></span>of the parts <span class=w6></span>(inputs, through<span class=l6>puts, and outputs), and on <span class=w6></span>the </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1934px;word-spacing:-4px\">left (next to <span class=w7></span>the first column) specific program features should be <span class=w6></span>identified (i.e., implementa<span class=l6>tion, staffing, </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2011px;word-spacing:-4px\">procurement, and systems development). In the grid, specify <span class=w6></span>something about the program design, for example, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2088px;word-spacing:-3px\">assume the first column is labeled inputs and the first row is labeled staff. On the <span class=w6></span>grid one might specify under inputs </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2165px;word-spacing:-3px\">five nurses to operate a child care unit. The <span class=w6></span>throughp<span class=l6>ut might be to maintain charts, counsel the children, and set up a </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2242px;word-spacing:-4px\">daily routine; outputs might be <span class=w6></span>to discharge 25 healthy children per week. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2444px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">5. Carefully consider the pressures of the proposed implementation, that is, the time and money </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2537px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">needed to undertake each part of the plan. Wherever possible, justify in the narrative the course of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2630px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">action taken. The most economical method should be used that does not compromise or sacrifice </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2723px\"> project qua<span class=l6>lity<span class=l8>. The fin<span class=l6>ancial e<span class=l6>xpenses a<span class=l6>ssociated w<span class=l7>ith performa<span class=l6>nce of the <span class=l6>project wi<span class=l6>ll later </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2817px\"> become <span class=l6>points of neg<span class=l6>otiation wi<span class=l6>th the gov<span class=l6>ernment or <span class=l6>foundation prog<span class=l7>ram staf<span class=l6>f. If eve<span class=l6>rything is </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2910px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">not carefully justified in writing in the proposal, after negotiation with the grantor agencies or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3003px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">foundations, the approved project may resemble less of the original concept. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff0\" style=\"font-size:62px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3203px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">A Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) chart could be useful and supportive in justifying some </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3280px;word-spacing:-4px\">proposals. Larger projects can easily be laid out <span class=w7></span>using commercial off-the-shelf project or grants management </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3357px;word-spacing:-4px\">software. The software allows the project <span class=w6></span>manager to construct a PERT <span class=w6></span>chart that provides a <span class=w6></span>graphical </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3434px;word-spacing:-3px\">representatio<span class=l6>n of all tasks in <span class=w7></span>the project and the way tasks <span class=w6></span>are related to each other. Such project manager software </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3511px;word-spacing:-3px\">provides a variety of report formats that can be used <span class=w6></span>to track project progress. The PERT chart and other related </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3588px;word-spacing:-3px\">reports can be maintained on a network of computers so that all project participants can access the latest project </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3665px;letter-spacing:-1px\">information. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3867px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">6. Highlight the innovative features of the proposal which could be considered distinct from other </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3960px\"> proposals unde<span class=l7>r considera<span class=l6>tion. </span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4142px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">7. Whenever possible, use appendixes to provide details, supplementary data, references, and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4235px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">information requiring in-depth analysis. These types of data, although supportive of the proposal, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4328px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">if included in the body of the proposal, could detract from its readability. Appendixes provide the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4421px\"> proposal rea<span class=l6>der with im<span class=l8>mediate a<span class=l6>ccess to <span class=l6>details <span class=l6>if and whe<span class=l6>n clarific<span class=l6>ation of an <span class=l7>idea, se<span class=l6>quence, o<span class=l6>r </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4515px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">conclusion is required. Time tables, work plans, schedules, activities, methodologies, legal </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4608px\"> papers, pe<span class=l6>rsonal vita<span class=l6>e, lett<span class=l6>ers of suppo<span class=l6>rt, and endo<span class=l6>rsements <span class=l6>are exam<span class=l7>ples of appe<span class=l6>ndixes. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4849px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Evaluation: Product and Process Analysis </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5039px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">An evaluation plan should be a consideration at every stage of the proposal’s development. Data </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5132px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">collected for the problem statement form a comparative basis for determining whether measurable </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:-217px;width:658px;height:292px;clip:rect(287px 641px 288px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/12-91efb70771.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:121px;top:329px;width:658px;height:292px;clip:rect(1px 657px 147px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/12-91efb70771.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:121px;top:475px;width:658px;height:292px;clip:rect(149px 657px 285px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/12-91efb70771.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:785px;width:658px;height:292px;clip:rect(290px 641px 291px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/12-91efb70771.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

13-de56865b5d.jsonp

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+window.page13_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page13\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:724px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1446px\"></span>10 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">objectives are indeed being met, and whether proposed methods are accomplishing these ends; or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">whether different parts of the plan need to be fine-tuned to be made more effective and efficient. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:888px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Among the considerations will be whether evaluation will be done by the organization itself or by </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:981px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">outside experts. The organizations will have to decide whether outside experts have the standing </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1075px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">in the field and the degree of objectivity that would justify the added expense, or whether the job </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1168px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">could be done with sufficient expertise by its own staff, without taking too much time away from </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1261px;word-spacing:-5px\">the project itself. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1443px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Methods of measurement, whether standardized tests, interviews, questionnaires, observation, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1536px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">etc., will depend upon the nature and scope of the project. Procedures and schedules for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1629px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">gathering, analyzing, and reporting data will need to be spelled out. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1811px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The evaluation component is two-fold: (1) product evaluation and (2) process evaluation. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1903px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">“Product evaluation” addresses results that can be attributed to the project, as well as the extent to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1997px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">which the project has satisfied its stated objectives. “Process evaluation” addresses how the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2090px\"> project was <span class=l6>conducted, <span class=l7>in term<span class=l6>s of consiste<span class=l6>ncy with <span class=l6>the state<span class=l7>d plan of ac<span class=l7>tion and t<span class=l6>he effec<span class=l7>tiveness </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2184px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">of the various activities within the plan. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2365px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Most federal agencies now require some form of program evaluation among grantees. The </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2459px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">requirements of the proposed project should be explored carefully. Evaluations may be conducted </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2552px\"> by an inte<span class=l6>rnal staf<span class=l6>f mem<span class=l6>ber, an <span class=l6>evaluat<span class=l6>ion firm, or bo<span class=l6>th. Many <span class=l6>federal gra<span class=l6>nts incl<span class=l6>ude a spec<span class=l7>ific </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2645px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">time frame for performance review and evaluation. For instance, several economic development </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2738px\"> programs re<span class=l6>quire grant <span class=l7>recipients <span class=l7>to report on <span class=l6>a quarter<span class=l6>ly and annu<span class=l6>al basis. <span class=l6>In instan<span class=l6>ces where </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2831px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">there are no specified evaluation periods, the applicant should state the amount of time needed to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2925px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">evaluate, how the feedback will be disseminated among the proposed staff, and a schedule for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3018px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">review and comment. Evaluation designs may start at the beginning, middle, or end of a project, </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3111px\"> but the ap<span class=l6>plicant s<span class=l6>hould spec<span class=l6>ify a sta<span class=l6>rt-up time. <span class=l7>It is desira<span class=l6>ble and a<span class=l6>dvisable <span class=l6>to subm<span class=l6>it an </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3204px;word-spacing:-4px\">evaluation desig<span class=l6>n at the <span class=w7></span>start of a project for <span class=w7></span>two reasons: </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3388px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3344px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3369px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Convincing evaluations require the collection of appropriate baseline data before </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3463px;word-spacing:-5px\">and during program operations; and </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3625px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3581px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3606px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">If the evaluation design cannot be prepared at the outset, then a critical review of </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3700px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the program design may be advisable. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3859px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Even if the evaluation design has to be revised as the project progresses, it is much easier and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3952px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">cheaper to modify a good design. If the problem is not well defined and carefully analyzed for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4045px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">cause and effect relationships, then a good evaluation design may be difficult to achieve. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4138px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Sometimes a pilot study is needed to begin the identification of facts and relationships. Often a </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4232px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">thorough literature search may be sufficient. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4413px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Evaluation requires both coordination and agreement among program decision makers. Above all, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4506px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the federal grantor agency’s or foundation’s requirements should be highlighted in the evaluation </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4600px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">design. Also, grantor agencies may require specific evaluation techniques such as designated data </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4693px;word-spacing:-5px\">formats (an existing information collection system) or they <span class=w7></span>may offer financial inducements for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4786px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">voluntary participation in a national evaluation study. The applicant should ask specifically about </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4879px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">these points. Also, for federal programs, consult the “Criteria For Selecting Proposals” section of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4972px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the CFDA program description to determine the exact evaluation methods to be required for a </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5066px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">specific program if funded. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/13-de56865b5d.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/13-de56865b5d.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

14-2d26e928ce.jsonp

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+window.page14_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page14\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:724px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1446px\"></span>11 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:629px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Future Funding </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:818px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The last narrative part of the proposal explains what will happen to the program once the grant </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:912px;word-spacing:-4px\">ends. It should describe a plan f<span class=w6></span>or continuation beyond the grant period, and outline all other </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1005px;word-spacing:-5px\">contempla<span class=l6>ted fund-raising efforts and future <span class=w6></span>plans for applying <span class=w6></span>for additional grants. Projections </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1099px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">for operating and maintaining facilities and equipment should also be given. The applicant may </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1192px;word-spacing:-5px\">discuss maintenan<span class=l6>ce and <span class=w6></span>future program funding if <span class=w8></span>program funds are for <span class=w9></span>construction activ<span class=l6>ity; </span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1284px;word-spacing:-5px\">and may account for <span class=w8></span>other needed expenditures if the program includes purchase of <span class=w8></span>equipment. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1527px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Budget Development and Requirements </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1716px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Although the degree of specificity of any budget will vary depending upon the nature of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1810px\"> project and <span class=l7>the require<span class=l6>ments of <span class=l6>the funding <span class=l6>source, a <span class=l6>complet<span class=l6>e, well-tho<span class=l6>ught-out budg<span class=l6>et serves <span class=l6>to </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1903px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">reinforce the applicant’s credibility and to increase the likelihood of the proposal being funded. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1995px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The estimated expenses in the budget should build upon the justifications given in the narrative </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2089px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">section of the proposal. A well-prepared budget should be reasonable and demonstrate that the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2182px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">funds being asked for will be used wisely. The budget should be as concrete and specific as </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2276px\"> possible in <span class=l6>its estim<span class=l7>ates. Every <span class=l6>effort shou<span class=l7>ld be made <span class=l7>to be real<span class=l6>istic, to <span class=l6>estimate <span class=l7>costs ac<span class=l6>curately<span class=l12>, </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2369px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and not to underestimate staff time. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2551px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The budget format should be as clear as possible. It should begin with a Budget Summary, which, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2644px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">like the Proposal Summary, is written after the entire budget has been prepared. Each section of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2737px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the budget should be in outline form, listing line items under major headings and subdivisions. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2830px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Each of the major components should be subtotaled with a grand total placed at the end. If the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2923px;word-spacing:-4px\">funding source provides forms, most of these elements can simply be filled into the <span class=w6></span>appropriate </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3017px;letter-spacing:-1px\">spaces. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3198px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Generally, budgets are divided into two categories: personnel costs and non-personnel costs. In </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3291px\"> preparing t<span class=l6>he budget, <span class=l6>the appli<span class=l6>cant ma<span class=l6>y first revie<span class=l6>w the prop<span class=l6>osal and m<span class=l6>ake lists <span class=l7>of items <span class=l6>needed </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3385px;word-spacing:-5px\">for the <span class=w7></span>project. The personnel section usually include<span class=l6>s a <span class=w7></span>breakdown of the <span class=w7></span>following items: </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3568px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3524px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3549px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">salaries (including increases in multiyear projects), </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3712px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3668px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3692px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">fringe benefits such as health insurance and retirement plans, and </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3855px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3811px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3836px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">consultant and contract services. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3996px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The items in the non-personnel section will vary widely, but may include </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4180px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4136px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4161px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">space/office rental or leasing costs, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4324px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4280px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4304px\">utilities, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4467px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4423px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:4448px\"> purchase o<span class=l6>r rental of e<span class=l7>quipment, </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4610px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4566px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4591px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">training to use new equipment, and </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4752px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4708px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:4733px\"> photocopying<span class=l6>, office <span class=l6>supplies. </span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4893px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Some hard-to-pin-down budget areas are utilities, rental of buildings and equipment, salary </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4987px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">increases, food, telephones, insurance, and transportation. Budget adjustments are sometimes </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5080px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">made after the grant award, but this can be a lengthy process. The applicant should be certain that </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5174px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">implementation, continuation, and phase-down costs can be met. Costs associated with leases, </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/14-2d26e928ce.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/14-2d26e928ce.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

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+window.page15_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page15\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:724px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1446px\"></span>12 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">evaluation systems, hard/soft match requirements, audits, development, implementation and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">maintenance of information and accounting systems, and other long-term financial commitments </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:800px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">should be considered. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:981px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">A well-prepared budget justifies all expenses and is consistent with the proposal narrative. Some </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1075px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">areas in need of an evaluation for consistency are as follows: </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1258px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1215px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1239px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Salaries in the proposal in relation to those of the applicant organization should </span><span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:1333px\"> be simila<span class=l6>r. </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1495px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1451px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1475px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">If new staff persons are being hired, additional space and equipment should be </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1569px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">considered, as necessary. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1732px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1688px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1712px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">If the budget calls for an equipment purchase, it should be the type allowed by </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1806px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the grantor agency. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:1968px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:1924px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:1949px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">If additional space is rented, the increase in insurance should be supported. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:2111px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2067px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2092px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">In the case of federal grants, if an indirect cost rate applies to the proposal, such </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2186px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">as outlined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in Circulars such as </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2279px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">numbers A-122, A-21, and A-87 (see http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/grants/</span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2372px;word-spacing:-5px\">grants_circul<span class=l6>ars.html), the division between direct and indirect costs <span class=w6></span>should not </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:2465px\"> be in confli<span class=l6>ct, and <span class=l6>the aggre<span class=l6>gate budget <span class=l7>totals shou<span class=l6>ld refer di<span class=l6>rectly to <span class=l6>the </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2559px;word-spacing:-8px\">approved formula. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:2720px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2676px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2701px;word-spacing:-4px\">If matching funds are required, the contributions to the matching fund should <span class=w6></span>be </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2795px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">taken out of the budget unless otherwise specified in the application instructions. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2955px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">In learning to develop a convincing budget and determining appropriate format, reviewing other </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3048px;word-spacing:-5px\">grant proposals is often <span class=w8></span>helpful. The applicant may ask government agencies and foundations for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3141px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">copies of winning grants proposals. Grants seekers may find the following examples of grants </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3234px\"> budgets he<span class=l6>lpful: </span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3418px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3374px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3399px;word-spacing:-6px\">Budget Information, Instructions and Forms </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3493px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.neh.gov/grants/guidelines/pdf/BudgetInstructions.pdf </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3655px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3611px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3636px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Foundation Center: Examples of Nonprofit Budgets </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3730px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://foundationcenter.org/getstarted/faqs/html/samplebudget.html </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3891px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3847px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3872px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Getting Your Grant Proposal Budget Right </span><span class=a style=\"left:948px;top:3966px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://nonprofit.about.com/od/foundationfundinggrants/a/grantbudget.htm </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4127px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4083px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4108px;word-spacing:5px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Proposal Budgeting Basics </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4202px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://foundationcenter.org/getstarted/tutorials/prop_budgt/index.html </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4362px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">In preparing budgets for government grants, the applicant may keep in mind that funding levels of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4455px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">federal assistance programs change yearly. It is useful to review the appropriations and average </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4549px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">grants or loans awarded over the past several years to try to project future funding levels: see </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4641px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">“Financial Information” section of the CFDA program description for fiscal year appropriations </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4734px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and estimates; and “Range and Average of Financial Assistance” for prior years’ awards. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4828px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">However, it is safer never to anticipate that the income from the grant will be the sole support for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4921px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">larger projects. This consideration should be given to the overall budget requirements, and in </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:5015px\"> particular<span class=l9>, to budget <span class=l7>line item<span class=l7>s most subje<span class=l6>ct to infla<span class=l7>tionary press<span class=l6>ures. Rest<span class=l6>raint is i<span class=l6>mportant in </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5107px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">determining inflationary cost projections (avoid padding budget line items), but the applicant may </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5201px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">attempt to anticipate possible future increases. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/15-ddfa45c993.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/15-ddfa45c993.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

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+window.page16_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page16\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:724px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1446px\"></span>13 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">For federal grants, it is also important to become familiar with grants management requirements. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The CFDA identifies in the program description OMB circulars applicable to each federal </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:800px\"> program. <span class=l10>Applicants <span class=l6>should rev<span class=l6>iew appropria<span class=l6>te docum<span class=l6>ents while <span class=l6>developing <span class=l7>a proposal <span class=l6>budget </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:893px\"> because <span class=l6>they are <span class=l6>essentia<span class=l6>l in determ<span class=l7>ining item<span class=l6>s such as <span class=l6>cost princ<span class=l6>iples, adm<span class=l7>inistrative <span class=l6>and audit </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:986px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">requirements and compliance, and conforming with government guidelines for federal domestic </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1079px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">assistance. OMB circulars are available in full text on the Web at http://www.whitehouse.gov/</span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1172px;letter-spacing:-1px\">omb/grants/grants_circulars.html. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1354px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">To coordinate federal grants to states, Executive Order 12372, “Intergovernmental Review of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1447px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Federal Programs,” was issued to foster intergovernmental partnership and strengthen federalism </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1541px\"> by relying <span class=l7>on state a<span class=l6>nd local pro<span class=l6>cesses <span class=l6>for the coo<span class=l6>rdination a<span class=l6>nd review of <span class=l6>proposed Fe<span class=l6>deral </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1634px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">financial assistance and direct federal development. The executive order allows each state to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1727px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">designate an office to perform this function, addresses of which may be found at the OMB </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1820px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">website at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/grants_spoc. States that are not listed on this Web </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1913px\"> page hav<span class=l6>e chosen no<span class=l6>t to partic<span class=l7>ipate in <span class=l6>the inter<span class=l6>government<span class=l6>al review <span class=l6>process. I<span class=l7>f the applica<span class=l6>nt is </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2007px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">located within one of these states, he or she may still send application materials directly to a </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2100px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">federal awarding agency. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2342px;word-spacing:6px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Proposal Appendix </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2531px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Lengthy documents that are referred to in the narrative are best added to the proposal in an </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2624px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">appendix. Examples include letters of endorsement, partial list of previous funders, key staff </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2718px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">resumes, annual reports, statistical data, maps, pictorial material, and newspaper and magazine </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2811px;word-spacing:-6px\">articles about the <span class=w6></span>organiza<span class=l7>tions. Nonprofit organizations should include an <span class=w9></span>IRS 501(c)(3) Letter </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2905px;letter-spacing:-1px\">of Tax Exempt Status. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:133px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3155px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Additional Proposal Writing Websites </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3397px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Proposal Writing Short Course (Foundation Center; English and Spanish) </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3491px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://fdncenter.org/learn/shortcourse/prop1.html </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3584px;word-spacing:-4px\">Where can I find <span class=w6></span>examples of grant proposals? </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3677px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://foundationcenter.org/getstarted/faqs/html/proposal_writing.html </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3859px;word-spacing:7px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Sample Proposals (SchoolGrants.org) </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3952px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.k12grants.org/samples/ </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4134px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Selected Proposal Writing Websites (University of Pittsburgh) </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4227px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.pitt.edu/~offres/proposal/propwriting/websites.html </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4409px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Tips on Writing a Grant Proposal (Environmental Protection Agency) </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4502px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.epa.gov/ogd/recipient/tips.htm </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4683px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Writing a Successful Grant Proposal (Minnesota Council on Foundations) </span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4777px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.mcf.org/mcf/grant/writing.htm </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4958px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Writing a Winning Grant Proposal (Education Money) http://www.educationmoney.com/</span><span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:5052px\">federal_write_proposal.html </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/16-9669f9f0c7.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/16-9669f9f0c7.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

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+window.page17_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page17\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:724px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-723px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1446px\"></span>14 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:810px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Author Contact Information </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1079px;word-spacing:1px\">Merete F. Gerli </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1164px;word-spacing:1px\">Information Research Specialist </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1248px;word-spacing:2px\">mgerli@crs.loc.gov, 7-7109 </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/17-563aa40c56.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/17-563aa40c56.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

2-aebf97e6c9.jsonp

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+window.page2_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page2\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5503px;word-spacing:1px\">Congressional Research Service </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:133px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:639px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Summary </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:880px;word-spacing:-4px\">This report is intended for Members and staff assisting grant seekers in <span class=w6></span>districts and states and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:974px;word-spacing:-4px\">covers writing proposals for both government and private foundations grants. In preparation for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1067px;word-spacing:-5px\">writing a proposal, the <span class=w7></span>report first discusses preliminary information gathering and preparation, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1161px;word-spacing:-5px\">developing ideas for the proposal, <span class=w6></span>gathering comm<span class=l6>unity support, <span class=w6></span>identifyi<span class=l6>ng funding resources, </span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1254px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and seeking preliminary review of the proposal and support of relevant administrative officials. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1435px;word-spacing:-4px\">The second section of the report covers the <span class=w6></span>actual writing of the proposal, from outlining of </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1529px\"> project g<span class=l6>oals, stati<span class=l6>ng the pu<span class=l6>rpose and ob<span class=l6>jectives <span class=l6>of the proposa<span class=l6>l, explai<span class=l6>ning the p<span class=l6>rogram m<span class=l6>ethods </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1621px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">to solve the stated problem, and how the results of the project will be evaluated, to long-term </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1715px\"> project pl<span class=l6>anning, and<span class=l6>, finally<span class=l11>, developing <span class=l7>the proposa<span class=l6>l budget. </span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1896px;word-spacing:-4px\">The last section of the r<span class=w6></span>eport provides a listing of free grants-writing websites, including </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1989px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">guidelines from the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance and the Foundation Center’s </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2083px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">“Proposal Writing Short Course.” </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2264px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Related CRS reports are CRS Report RL34035, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2232px;top:2265px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Grants Work in a Congressional Office</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3494px;top:2264px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">, by </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2358px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Merete F. Gerli; CRS Report RL34012, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1943px;top:2358px\"> Resour<span class=l6>ces for Grantseekers</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2860px;top:2358px;letter-spacing:-1px\">, by Merete F. Gerli; and CRS </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2451px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Report RS21117, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1221px;top:2451px\"> Ethical Consid<span class=l6>erations in As<span class=l6>sisting Constit<span class=l6>uents W<span class=l9>ith Grant Requests Befo<span class=l7>re </span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:643px;top:2544px\"> Federal Agencies</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1231px;top:2544px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">, by Jack Maskell. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2726px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">This report will be updated as needed. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/2-aebf97e6c9.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1089px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/2-aebf97e6c9.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

3-3a4f12d27c.jsonp

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+window.page3_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page3\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5503px;word-spacing:1px\">Congressional Research Service </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:133px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:639px\">Contents </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:880px;word-spacing:22px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Developing <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-18px\">a <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-21px\">Grant <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-19px\">Proposal<span class=w10></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>....................<span class=w6></span>...<span class=w style=\"width:13px\"></span>1</span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:875px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:991px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Preparation<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.........<span class=w style=\"width:15px\"></span>1</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:986px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1084px;word-spacing:15px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Developing <span class=l10>Ideas <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-13px\">for <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-13px\">the <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-13px\">Proposal........<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>..<span class=w style=\"width:13px\"></span>1</span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1079px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1177px;word-spacing:-56px\">Communit<span class=l6>y <span class=w style=\"width:55px\"></span>Support<span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l7>....<span class=w10></span>2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1172px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1270px;word-spacing:30px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Identifying <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-25px\">Funding <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-26px\">Resources..<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>............<span class=w style=\"width:16px\"></span>3</span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1265px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1363px;word-spacing:11px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Getting <span class=l8>Organized <span class=l8>to <span class=l11>Write <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-13px\">the <span class=l9>Proposal<span class=w8></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>...............<span class=w style=\"width:17px\"></span>4</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1358px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1473px;word-spacing:14px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Writing <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-14px\">an <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-13px\">Effective <span class=l11>Grant <span class=l12>Proposal<span class=w7></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.............<span class=w style=\"width:16px\"></span>5</span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1468px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1582px;word-spacing:-60px\">Overall <span class=w style=\"width:56px\"></span>Considerat<span class=l6>ions<span class=w10></span>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.<span class=w12></span>5</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1578px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1676px;word-spacing:-15px\">Basic <span class=w11></span>Componen<span class=l6>ts <span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>of <span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>a <span class=w style=\"width:13px\"></span>Proposal...............<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.....<span class=w9></span>5</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1671px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1769px;word-spacing:65px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Cover <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-62px\">Letter<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>....................<span class=w6></span>......<span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>6</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1764px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1863px;word-spacing:-12px\">Proposal <span class=w9></span>Summa<span class=l6>ry: <span class=w10></span>Outline <span class=w8></span>of <span class=w11></span>Project <span class=w6></span>Goals......<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>....<span class=w10></span>6</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1858px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:1956px;word-spacing:-13px\">Introduction: <span class=w8></span>Presenting <span class=w6></span>a <span class=w10></span>Credible Applicant<span class=w style=\"width:15px\"></span>........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=w6></span>7</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:1951px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2049px;word-spacing:13px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Problem <span class=l10>Statement <span class=l11>or <span class=l11>Needs <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-16px\">Assessment<span class=w8></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.............<span class=w style=\"width:17px\"></span>7</span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2044px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2142px;word-spacing:10px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Project <span class=l6>Objectives: <span class=l6>Goals <span class=l8>and <span class=l9>Desired <span class=l6>Outcome.............<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>......<span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>8</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2137px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2235px;word-spacing:-8px\">Program Methods <span class=w6></span>and <span class=w6></span>Program Design: A Plan <span class=w10></span>of Action<span class=w7></span>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=w6></span>8</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2230px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2329px;word-spacing:13px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Evaluation: <span class=l7>Product <span class=l10>and <span class=l11>Process <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-16px\">Analysis...<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.........<span class=w style=\"width:15px\"></span>9</span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2324px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2422px;word-spacing:-59px\">Future <span class=w style=\"width:55px\"></span>Funding<span class=w12></span>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..<span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>11</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2417px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2515px;word-spacing:-18px\">Budget <span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>Developm<span class=l6>ent <span class=w style=\"width:16px\"></span>and <span class=w style=\"width:16px\"></span>Requirem<span class=l7>ents<span class=w10></span>........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>..........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>.........<span class=l6>........<span class=w10></span>11</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2511px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:790px;top:2608px;word-spacing:56px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Proposal <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-56px\">Appendix......<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>...................<span class=w6></span>....<span class=w style=\"width:13px\"></span>13</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2603px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2717px;word-spacing:17px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Additional <span class=l12>Proposal <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-14px\">Writing <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-21px\">W<span class=l6>ebsites<span class=w10></span>.................<span class=w6></span>................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>.......<span class=w style=\"width:14px\"></span>13</span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:2712px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3025px\">Contacts </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3209px;word-spacing:31px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Author <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-26px\">Contact <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-29px\">Information<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>..................<span class=w6></span>.<span class=w12></span>14</span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:81px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3843px;top:3204px\"> </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/3-3a4f12d27c.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1089px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/3-3a4f12d27c.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

4-201d3b0725.jsonp

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+window.page4_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page4\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>1 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:133px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:639px;word-spacing:5px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Developing a Grant Proposal </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:940px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Preparation </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1131px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">A well-formed grant proposal is one that is carefully prepared, thoughtfully planned, and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1223px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">concisely packaged. The potential applicant generally seeks first to become familiar with all of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1317px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the pertinent program criteria of the funding institution. Before developing a proposal, the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1410px\"> potential <span class=l6>applicant <span class=l6>may refe<span class=l6>r to the in<span class=l6>formation c<span class=l6>ontact l<span class=l6>isted in t<span class=l6>he agency <span class=l7>or foundation </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1503px\"> program de<span class=l6>scription to <span class=l7>learn wheth<span class=l6>er funding <span class=l6>is availa<span class=l6>ble, when <span class=l6>applicabl<span class=l6>e deadli<span class=l6>nes occur<span class=l8>, and </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1597px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the process used by the grantor agency or private foundation for accepting applications. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1778px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Grant seekers should know that the basic requirements, application forms, information, and </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1872px\"> procedures v<span class=l7>ary among <span class=l6>grant-mak<span class=l6>ing agenc<span class=l6>ies and foun<span class=l6>dations. Fe<span class=l6>deral ag<span class=l6>encies a<span class=l6>nd large </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1965px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">foundations may have formal application packets, strict guidelines, and fixed deadlines with </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2057px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">which applicants must comply, while smaller foundations may operate more informally and even </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2151px\"> provide ass<span class=l6>istance to <span class=l7>inexperie<span class=l6>nced grant<span class=l6>seekers. H<span class=l6>owever<span class=l7>, the step<span class=l6>s outlined <span class=l6>in this re<span class=l6>port </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2244px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">generally apply to any grant-seeking effort. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2426px;word-spacing:-4px\">Individuals without prior grant proposal writing experience may find it useful to attend a </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2519px;word-spacing:-6px\">grantsman<span class=l6>ship class <span class=w7></span>or workshop. Applicants interested in locating workshops <span class=w7></span>or consulting more </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2612px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">resources on grantsmanship and proposal development should consult the Internet sites listed at </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2706px;word-spacing:-4px\">the end of <span class=w6></span>this report and explore other resources in their <span class=w6></span>local libraries. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2887px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Local governments may obtain grant writing assistance from a state’s office of Council of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2981px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Governments (CSG) or Regional Council. The primary mission of CSG is to promote and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3073px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">strengthen state government in the federal system by providing staff services to organizations of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3167px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">state officials. Grassroots or small faith-based nonprofit organizations can seek the help and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3260px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">advice of larger, more seasoned nonprofit organizations or foundations in their state. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3501px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Developing Ideas for the Proposal </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3692px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The first step in proposal planning is the development of a clear, concise description of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3784px\"> proposed proje<span class=l6>ct. T<span class=l10>o develo<span class=l6>p a convinc<span class=l7>ing proposal <span class=l6>for project <span class=l6>funding, th<span class=l6>e project <span class=l6>must fit in<span class=l7>to </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3878px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the philosophy and mission of the grant-seeking organization or agency; and the need that the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3971px\"> proposal is <span class=l7>addressing <span class=l6>must be we<span class=l6>ll docum<span class=l6>ented and we<span class=l6>ll articul<span class=l6>ated. <span class=l7>Ty<span class=l6>pically<span class=l9>, funding a<span class=l6>gencies </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4064px;word-spacing:-4px\">or foundations will want to know <span class=w6></span>that a proposed activity or project reinforces the overall mission </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4158px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">of an organization or grant seeker, and that the project is necessary. To make a compelling case, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4250px;word-spacing:-4px\">the following should be included in the <span class=w6></span>proposal: </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4435px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4391px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:4416px\"> Nature of the <span class=l7>project, <span class=l6>its goals, <span class=l6>needs, <span class=l6>and antic<span class=l6>ipated outc<span class=l6>omes; </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4578px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4534px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4559px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">How the project will be conducted; </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4721px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4678px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4702px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Timetable for completion; </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4865px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4821px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4846px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">How best to evaluate the results (performance measures); </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/4-201d3b0725.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/4-201d3b0725.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

5-8a8d615045.jsonp

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+window.page5_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page5\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>2 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:660px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:616px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:641px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Staffing needs, including use of existing staff and new hires or volunteers; and </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:803px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:759px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:784px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Preliminary budget, covering expenses and financial requirements, to determine </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:878px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">what funding levels to seek. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1037px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">When developing an idea for a proposal, it is also important to determine if the idea has already </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1131px\"> been cons<span class=l6>idered in th<span class=l6>e applic<span class=l6>ant’<span class=l7>s locali<span class=l6>ty or state<span class=l6>. A <span class=l11>thorough che<span class=l6>ck should <span class=l6>be made <span class=l7>with state </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1223px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">legislators, local government, and related public and private agencies which may currently have </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1317px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">grant awards or contracts to do similar work. If a similar program already exists, the applicant </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1410px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">may need to reconsider submitting the proposed project, particularly if duplication of effort is </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:1503px\"> perceived<span class=l6>. However<span class=l7>, if signif<span class=l6>icant dif<span class=l6>ferences <span class=l6>or improvem<span class=l7>ents in the <span class=l7>proposed pro<span class=l6>ject’<span class=l6>s goals </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1597px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">can be clearly established, it may be worthwhile to pursue federal or private foundation </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1689px;letter-spacing:-1px\">assistance. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1932px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Community Support </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2121px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">For many proposals, community support is essential. Once a proposal summary is developed, an </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2214px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">applicant may look for individuals or groups representing academic, political, professional, and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2308px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">lay organizations which may be willing to support the proposal in writing. The type and caliber of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2400px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">community support is critical in the initial and subsequent review phases. Numerous letters of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2494px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">support can influence the administering agency or foundation. An applicant may elicit support </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2587px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">from local government agencies and public officials. Letters of endorsement detailing exact areas </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2680px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">of project sanction and financial or in-kind commitment are often requested as part of a proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2774px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">to a federal agency. Several months may be required to develop letters of endorsement, since </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2867px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">something of value (e.g., buildings, staff, services) is sometimes negotiated between the parties </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2960px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">involved. Note that letters from Members of Congress may be requested once a proposal has been </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3053px;word-spacing:-4px\">fully developed and is ready for <span class=w6></span>submission. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3235px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">While money is the primary concern of most grantseekers, thought should be given to the kinds </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3328px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">of nonmonetary contributions that may be available. In many instances, academic institutions, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3421px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">corporations, and other nonprofit groups in the community may be willing to contribute technical </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3515px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and professional assistance, equipment, or space to a worthy project. Not only can such </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3608px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">contributions reduce the amount of money being sought, but evidence of such local support is </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3701px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">often viewed favorably by most grant-making agencies or foundations. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3883px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Many agencies require, in writing, affiliation agreements (a mutual agreement to share services </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3975px\"> between a<span class=l6>gencies) <span class=l6>and building <span class=l7>space com<span class=l6>mitme<span class=l6>nts prior to e<span class=l7>ither grant <span class=l6>approval <span class=l6>or award. <span class=l6>Tw<span class=l6>o </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4069px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">useful methods of generating community support may be to form a citizen advisory committee or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4162px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">to hold meetings with community leaders who would be concerned with the subject matter of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4256px\"> proposal. <span class=l7>The forum m<span class=l7>ay include t<span class=l6>he following<span class=l6>: </span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4439px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4395px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4420px;word-spacing:-4px\">Discussion of the merits of the <span class=w7></span>proposal; </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4583px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4539px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4564px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Development of a strategy to create proposal support from a large number of </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4657px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">community groups, institutions, and organizations; and </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:4819px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:4775px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:4800px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Generation of data in support of the proposal. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/5-8a8d615045.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/5-8a8d615045.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

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+window.page6_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page6\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>3 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:717px;word-spacing:5px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Identifying Funding Resources </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:907px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Once the project has been specifically defined, the grant seeker needs to research appropriate </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1001px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">funding sources. Both the applicant and the grantor agency or foundation should have the same </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1093px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">interests, intentions, and needs if a proposal is to be considered an acceptable candidate for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1187px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">funding. It is generally not productive to send out proposals indiscriminately in the hope of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1280px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">attracting funding. Grant-making agencies and foundations whose interest and intentions are </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1373px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">consistent with those of the applicant are the most likely to provide support. An applicant may </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1467px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">cast a wide, but targeted, net. Many projects may only be accomplished with funds coming from a </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1559px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">combination of sources, among them federal, state, or local programs and grants from private or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1653px;word-spacing:-11px\">corporate <span class=w6></span>foundations. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1835px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The best funding resources are now largely on the Internet. Key sources for funding information </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1927px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">include the federal government’s </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1749px;top:1928px;word-spacing:-4px\">Catalog of Federal Domestic <span class=w6></span>Assistance</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3057px;top:1927px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\"> (CFDA), </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2021px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.cfda.gov, and the Foundation Center, http://www.foundationcenter.org, the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2114px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">clearinghouse of private and corporate foundation funding. For a summary of federal programs </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2208px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and sources, see CRS Report RL34012, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1950px;top:2208px\"> Resource<span class=l6>s for Grantseekers</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2867px;top:2208px;letter-spacing:-1px\">, by Merete F. Gerli, and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2301px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">other CRS reports on topics such as community or social services block grants to states, rural </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2394px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">development assistance, federal allocations for homeland security, and other funding areas. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2576px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">A review of the government or private foundation’s program descriptions’ objectives and uses, as </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2668px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">well as any use restrictions, can clarify which programs might provide funding for a project. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2762px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">When reviewing individual CFDA program descriptions, applicants may also target the related </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2855px\"> programs a<span class=l6>s potentia<span class=l6>l resources. <span class=l11>Also, the <span class=l6>kinds of pro<span class=l6>jects the <span class=l6>agency <span class=l6>or foundation <span class=l6>funded in </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2949px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the past may be helpful in fashioning your grant proposal. Program listings in the CFDA or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3042px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">foundation information will often include examples of past funded projects. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3223px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Many federal grants do not go directly to the final beneficiary, but are awarded through “block” </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3317px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">or “formula” grants to state or local agencies which, in turn, distribute the funds. For more </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3410px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">information, see CRS Report R40486, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1902px;top:3410px\"> Block Grants: Perspe<span class=l6>ctives and Contr<span class=l7>oversies</span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:3424px;top:3410px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">, by Robert </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3503px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Jay Dilger and Eugene Boyd; and CRS Report R40638, </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff3\" style=\"font-size:74px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2466px;top:3503px\"> Federal Grants-In-Aid<span class=l6>: An Historical </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:643px;top:3596px\"> Perspective on Contempo<span class=l6>rary Issues</span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:1854px;top:3596px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">, by Robert Jay Dilger. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3777px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">There are many types of foundations: national, family, community, corporate, etc. For district or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3871px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">community projects, as a general rule, it is a good idea to look for funding sources close to home, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3964px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">which are frequently most concerned with solving local problems. Corporations, for example, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4058px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">tend to support projects in areas where they have offices or plants. Most foundations only provide </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4151px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">grants to nonprofit organizations (those registered by the Internal Revenue Service as having </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4243px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">501(c) tax-exempt status), though the Foundation Center publishes information about foundation </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4337px;word-spacing:-6px\">grants to <span class=w7></span>individuals. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4518px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Once a potential grantor agency or foundation is identified, an applicant may contact it and ask </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4612px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">for a grant application kit or information. Federal agencies may refer applicants to the website </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4705px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Grants.gov. Later, the grant seeker may ask some of the grantor agency or foundation personnel </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4798px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">for suggestions, criticisms, and advice about the proposed project. In many cases, the more </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4892px;word-spacing:-4px\">agency or foundation personnel know about the proposal, the better the chance of support and <span class=w6></span>of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4984px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">an eventual favorable decision. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/6-388508f467.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/6-388508f467.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

7-6f6c93eb77.jsonp

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+window.page7_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page7\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>4 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Federal agencies are required to report funding information as funds are approved, increased, or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">decreased among projects within a given state depending on the type of required reporting. Also, </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:800px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">grant seekers may consider reviewing the federal budget for the current and future fiscal years to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:893px;word-spacing:-5px\">determine proposed dollar amounts for particular budget functions. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1075px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The grant seeker should carefully study the eligibility requirements for each government or </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1168px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">foundation program under consideration (see, for example, the Applicant Eligibility and Rules </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1261px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">and Regulations sections of the CFDA program description). Federal department and agency </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1354px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">websites generally include additional information about their programs. CFDA program </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1447px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">descriptions and websites include information contacts. Applicants should direct questions and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1541px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">seek clarification about requirements and deadlines from the contacts. The applicant may learn </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1634px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">that he or she is required to provide services otherwise unintended such as a service to particular </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1727px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">client groups, or involvement of specific institutions. It may necessitate the modification of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1820px;word-spacing:-4px\">original concept in order for the <span class=w6></span>project to be eligible for funding. Questions about eligibility </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1913px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">should be discussed with the appropriate program officer. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2095px;word-spacing:-5px\">For federal grants, funding opportunities notices appear on <span class=w7></span>websites such as Grants.gov at </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2188px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://www.grants.gov or FedConnect at https://www.fedconnect.net. Applicants can search and </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2282px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">sign up for email notification of funding opportunities, and download applications packages. To </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2375px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">submit applications, registration is required. The grantseeker must also obtain Dun and Bradstreet </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2468px;word-spacing:-5px\">(DUNS) and register with <span class=w7></span>Central Contractor Registration (CCR): Grants.gov provide<span class=l6>s </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2561px;word-spacing:-5px\">instructions and links. Deadlines for submitting applications are often not <span class=w8></span>negotiable<span class=l6>, though </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2654px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">some federal programs do have open application dates (refer to the CFDA program description). </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2748px;word-spacing:-5px\">For private foundation funding opportunities, grant seekers should contact foundations or <span class=w8></span>check </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2841px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the Foundation Center’s website for daily postings of Requests for Proposals (RFPs) at </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2934px;word-spacing:10px;letter-spacing:-1px\">http://foundationcenter.org/findfunders/fundingsources/rfp.html. Specified deadlines are usually </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3027px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">associated with strict timetables for agency or foundation review. Some programs have more than </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3120px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">one application deadline during the fiscal or calendar year. Applicants should plan proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3214px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">development around the established deadlines. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3455px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Getting Organized to Write the Proposal </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3645px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The grant seeker, after narrowing the field of potential funders, may want to approach the most </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3738px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">likely prospects to confirm that they might indeed be interested in the project. Many federal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3831px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">agencies and foundations are willing to provide an assessment of a preliminary one- or two-page </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3925px;word-spacing:-4px\">concept paper before a formal proposal is prepared. The concept paper should give a brief </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4018px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">description of the needs to be addressed, who is to carry out the project, what is to be </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4111px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">accomplished, by what means, how long it will take, how the accomplishments will be measured, </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4204px\"> plans for th<span class=l6>e future, <span class=l6>how much i<span class=l6>t will cost, <span class=l7>and the wa<span class=l7>ys this propo<span class=l6>sal rela<span class=l6>tes to th<span class=l6>e mission <span class=l6>of the </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4297px;word-spacing:-8px\">funding source. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4479px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Developing a concept paper is excellent preparation for writing the final proposal. The grant </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4572px;word-spacing:-4px\">seeker should try to see <span class=w6></span>the project or activity from the viewpoint of <span class=w6></span>the grant-making age<span class=l6>ncy or </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4665px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">foundation. Like the proposal, the concept paper should be brief, clear, and informative. It is </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4759px;word-spacing:-4px\">important to understand that from the funder’s vantage point, the grant is not <span class=w6></span>seen as the end of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4852px;word-spacing:-4px\">the process, but only as the <span class=w6></span>midpoint. The funder will want to know <span class=w6></span>what will happen to the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4946px\"> project onc<span class=l7>e the gran<span class=l6>t ends. F<span class=l6>or exampl<span class=l6>e, will it b<span class=l6>e self-<span class=l6>supporting or will <span class=l6>it be use<span class=l7>d as a </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5038px;word-spacing:-4px\">demonstra<span class=l6>tion to apply for <span class=w7></span>further funding? W<span class=l6>ill it need ongoing support, for <span class=w7></span>how long, and what </span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5132px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">are the anticipated outcomes? </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/7-6f6c93eb77.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/7-6f6c93eb77.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

8-1d07d2a89c.jsonp

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+window.page8_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page8\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>5 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">If the funding source expresses interest in the concept paper, the grant seeker can ask for </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:706px;word-spacing:-5px\">suggestions, critic<span class=l6>ism, and guidance, before writing <span class=w6></span>the final proposal. </span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:888px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Feedback and dialog are essential elements to a successful funding proposal. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1070px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Throughout the proposal writing stage, an applicant may want to keep notes on ideas and related </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1163px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">materials for review. The gathering of documents such as articles of incorporation, tax exemption </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1256px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">certificates, and bylaws should be completed, if possible, before the writing begins. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1437px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">At the end of this report, useful websites cover proposal writing, give sample grant proposals </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1531px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">(including a template for writing a proposal), and link to federal program information and grants </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1624px;word-spacing:8px;letter-spacing:-1px\">management circulars. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:133px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1876px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Writing an Effective Grant Proposal </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2177px;word-spacing:9px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Overall Considerations </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2367px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">An effective grant proposal has to make a compelling case. Not only must the idea be a good one, </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2461px\"> but so m<span class=l6>ust the prese<span class=l6>ntation. <span class=l8>Things to be <span class=l6>considere<span class=l6>d include <span class=l6>the followin<span class=l6>g: </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:2644px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2600px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2625px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">All of the requirements of the funding source must be met: prescribed format, </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2719px;word-spacing:5px;letter-spacing:-1px\">necessary inclusions, deadlines, etc. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:2881px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2837px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:2862px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The proposal should have a clear, descriptive title. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3024px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:2981px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3005px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The proposal should be a cohesive whole, building logically, with one section </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3099px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">leading to another; this is an especially important consideration when several </span><span class=a style=\"left:907px;top:3192px\"> people hav<span class=l6>e been inv<span class=l6>olved in <span class=l6>its prepara<span class=l6>tion. </span></span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3353px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3309px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3334px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Language should be clear and concise, devoid of jargon; explanations should be </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3428px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">offered for acronyms and terms which may be unfamiliar to someone outside the </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3522px\">field. </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff5\" style=\"font-size:30px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:795px;top:3683px\">•</span></div>\n<div class=\"ff8\" style=\"font-size:82px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:833px;top:3639px\"> </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3664px;word-spacing:-4px\">Each of the parts <span class=w6></span>of the proposal should provide as <span class=w7></span>brief but informative a </span><span class=a style=\"left:928px;top:3758px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">narrative as possible, with supporting data relegated to an appendix. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3918px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">At various stages in the proposal writing process, the proposal should be reviewed by a number of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4011px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">interested and disinterested parties. Each time it has been critiqued, it may be necessary to rethink </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4104px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the project and its presentation. While such revision is necessary to clarify the proposal, one of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4197px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the dangers is that the original excitement of those making the proposal sometimes gets written </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4290px;word-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:-1px\">out. Somehow, this must be conveyed in the final proposal. Applicants are advised: make it </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4384px\">interesting! </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4625px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Basic Components of a Proposal </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4815px;word-spacing:-4px\">The basic sections of a standard grant proposal include the following: </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4997px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">1. Cover letter </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5178px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">2. Proposal summary or abstract </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/8-1d07d2a89c.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/8-1d07d2a89c.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);

9-8cd4c98fd2.jsonp

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+window.page9_callback(["<div class=\"newpage\" id=\"page9\" style=\"width: 902px; height:1167px\">\n<div class=text_layer style=\"z-index:2\"><div class=ie_fix>\n&nbsp;\n<div class=\"ff2\" style=\"font-size:67px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:2499px;top:287px\"> How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5413px;word-spacing:735px\">Congressional <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Research <span class=l style=\"margin-left:-734px\">Service <span class=w style=\"width:1469px\"></span>6 </span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:613px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">3. Introduction describing the grant seeker or organization </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:795px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">4. Problem statement (or needs assessment) </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:977px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">5. Project objectives </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1158px;word-spacing:-4px\">6. Project methods or design </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1340px;word-spacing:4px;letter-spacing:-1px\">7. Project evaluation </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1521px;word-spacing:-5px\">8. Future funding </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1703px;word-spacing:-5px\">9. Project budget </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:1945px;word-spacing:5px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Cover Letter </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2134px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The one-page cover letter should be written on the applicant’s letterhead and should be signed by </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2228px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the organization’s highest official. It should be addressed to the individual at the funding source </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2321px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">with whom the organization has dealt, and should refer to earlier discussions. While giving a brief </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2414px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">outline of the needs addressed in the proposal, the cover letter should demonstrate a familiarity </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2507px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">with the mission of the grantmaking agency or foundation and emphasize the ways in which this </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:2600px\"> project con<span class=l6>tributes to <span class=l7>these g<span class=l6>oals. </span></span></span></span></div>\n<div class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size:104px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:2842px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">Proposal Summary: Outline of Project Goals </span></div>\n<div class=\"ff4\" style=\"font-size:75px\">\n<span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3032px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The grant proposal summary outlines the proposed project and should appear at the beginning of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3126px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the proposal. It could be in the form of a cover letter or a separate page, but should definitely be </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3218px\"> brief—no lo<span class=l6>nger than t<span class=l6>wo or three <span class=l7>paragraphs. </span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3400px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">The summary should be prepared after the grant proposal has been developed in order to </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3493px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">encompass all the key points necessary to communicate the objectives of the project. It is this </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3586px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">document that becomes the cornerstone of the proposal, and the initial impression it gives will be </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3680px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">critical to the success of the venture. In many cases, the summary will be the first part of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:3773px\"> proposal pa<span class=l6>ckage se<span class=l6>en by ag<span class=l7>ency or founda<span class=l6>tion offic<span class=l6>ials and v<span class=l7>ery possibly <span class=l6>could be t<span class=l6>he only pa<span class=l7>rt </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3866px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">of the package that is carefully reviewed before the decision is made to consider the project any </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:3960px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">further. When letters of support are written, the summary may be used as justification for the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4052px\"> project. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4235px;word-spacing:-4px\">The summary should include a description of the applicant, a definition of the <span class=w6></span>problem to be </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4327px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">solved, a statement of the objectives to be achieved, an outline of the activities and procedures to </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4420px\"> be used to <span class=l7>accompli<span class=l6>sh those ob<span class=l6>jectives, <span class=l6>a descri<span class=l6>ption of the <span class=l6>evaluati<span class=l6>on design, <span class=l6>plans for th<span class=l6>e </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:4514px\"> project at <span class=l7>the end of <span class=l7>the grants, <span class=l6>and a sta<span class=l7>tement of <span class=l6>what it w<span class=l6>ill cost t<span class=l6>he funding <span class=l6>agency<span class=l10>. It may </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4607px;word-spacing:3px;letter-spacing:-1px\">also identify other funding sources or entities participating in the project. </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4789px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">For federal funding, the applicant should develop a project which can be supported in view of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4882px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">local need. Alternatives, in the absence of federal support, should be pointed out. The influence of </span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:4975px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">the project both during and after the project period should be explained. The consequences of the </span><span class=a style=\"left:642px;top:5068px\"> project as <span class=l7>a result o<span class=l6>f funding sho<span class=l6>uld be highl<span class=l6>ighted, for <span class=l6>example, <span class=l7>statistica<span class=l6>l project<span class=l6>ions of how </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=a style=\"left:663px;top:5161px;word-spacing:2px;letter-spacing:-1px\">many people might benefit from the project’s accomplishments. </span></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=image_layer style=\"z-index: 1\">\n<div class=ie_fix>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:69px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(1px 641px 2px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/9-8cd4c98fd2.jpg\"/>\n<img class=\"absimg\" style=\"left:129px;top:1071px;width:642px;height:6px;clip:rect(4px 641px 5px 1px)\" orig=\"http://html.scribd.com/14nn1rnyo02yv9l8/images/9-8cd4c98fd2.jpg\"/>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n"]);