---
license: cc-by-sa-4.0
metrics:
- mse
pipeline_tag: graph-ml
---

# AIFS Single - v0.2.1

<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->

Here, we introduce the **Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System (AIFS)**, a data driven forecast
model developed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). 

We show that AIFS produces highly skilled forecasts for upper-air variables, surface weather parameters and
tropical cyclone tracks. AIFS is run four times daily alongside ECMWF’s physics-based NWP model and forecasts
are available to the public under ECMWF’s open data policy.

## Model Details

### Model Description

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AIFS is based on a graph neural network (GNN) encoder and decoder, and a sliding window transformer processor, 
and is trained on ECMWF’s ERA5 re-analysis and ECMWF’s operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) analyses. 
It has a flexible and modular design and supports several levels of parallelism to enable training on
high resolution input data. AIFS forecast skill is assessed by comparing its forecasts to NWP analyses
and direct observational data. 

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### Model Sources [optional]

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- **Repository:** https://anemoi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.01465

## Uses

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### Direct Use

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### Downstream Use [optional]

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### Out-of-Scope Use

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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations

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### Recommendations

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## How to Get Started with the Model

Use the code below to get started with the model.

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## Training Details

### Training Data

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### Training Procedure

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#### Preprocessing [optional]

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#### Training Hyperparameters

- **Training regime:** {{ training_regime | default("[More Information Needed]", true)}} <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->

#### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]

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## Evaluation

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### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics

#### Testing Data

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#### Factors

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#### Metrics

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### Results

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#### Summary

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## Model Examination [optional]

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## Environmental Impact

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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).

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## Technical Specifications [optional]

### Model Architecture and Objective

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### Compute Infrastructure

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#### Hardware

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#### Software

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## Citation

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If you use this model in your work, please cite it as follows:

**BibTeX:**

```
@article{lang2024aifs,
  title={AIFS-ECMWF's data-driven forecasting system},
  author={Lang, Simon and Alexe, Mihai and Chantry, Matthew and Dramsch, Jesper and Pinault, Florian and Raoult, Baudouin and Clare, Mariana CA and Lessig, Christian and Maier-Gerber, Michael and Magnusson, Linus and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.01465},
  year={2024}
}
```

**APA:**

```
Lang, S., Alexe, M., Chantry, M., Dramsch, J., Pinault, F., Raoult, B., ... & Rabier, F. (2024). AIFS-ECMWF's data-driven forecasting system. arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.01465.
```
 
## Glossary [optional]

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## More Information [optional]

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## Model Card Authors [optional]

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## Model Card Contact

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