File size: 10,956 Bytes
ce447da
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5e1fd84
ce447da
5e1fd84
ce447da
5e1fd84
ce447da
 
8ce56de
ce447da
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
86ef70d
 
6d47e30
86ef70d
 
6d47e30
86ef70d
 
6d47e30
86ef70d
 
6d47e30
86ef70d
 
6d47e30
7b92c1a
 
6d47e30
7b92c1a
 
6d47e30
7b92c1a
 
6d47e30
7b92c1a
 
6d47e30
7b92c1a
 
6d47e30
7b92c1a
 
6d47e30
08a84b8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ce447da
 
8ce56de
6d47e30
ce447da
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6db5ec5
ce447da
 
6db5ec5
ce447da
6db5ec5
6d47e30
6db5ec5
8ce56de
6d47e30
6db5ec5
6d47e30
6db5ec5
 
ce447da
6db5ec5
 
 
6d47e30
8ce56de
6d47e30
2ab24d6
ce447da
 
6d47e30
ce447da
 
8ce56de
ce447da
6d47e30
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ce447da
 
7b92c1a
67749ce
6d47e30
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
67749ce
ce447da
08a84b8
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ce447da
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8ce56de
ce447da
 
6db5ec5
2ab24d6
6db5ec5
2ab24d6
6db5ec5
2ab24d6
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6db5ec5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199

---
license: cc-by-4.0
metrics:
- bleu4
- meteor
- rouge-l
- bertscore
- moverscore
language: ko
datasets:
- lmqg/qg_koquad
pipeline_tag: text2text-generation
tags:
- question generation
widget:
- text: "1990년 영화 《 <hl> 남부군 <hl> 》에서 단역으로 영화배우 첫 데뷔에 이어 같은 해 KBS 드라마 《지구인》에서 단역으로 출연하였고 이듬해 MBC 《여명의 눈동자》를 통해 단역으로 출연하였다."
  example_title: "Question Generation Example 1" 
- text: "백신이 없기때문에 예방책은 <hl> 살충제 <hl> 를 사용하면서 서식 장소(찻찬 받침, 배수로, 고인 물의 열린 저장소, 버려진 타이어 등)의 수를 줄임으로써 매개체를 통제할 수 있다."
  example_title: "Question Generation Example 2" 
- text: "<hl> 원테이크 촬영 <hl> 이기 때문에 한 사람이 실수를 하면 처음부터 다시 찍어야 하는 상황이 발생한다."
  example_title: "Question Generation Example 3" 
model-index:
- name: lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg
  results:
  - task:
      name: Text2text Generation
      type: text2text-generation
    dataset:
      name: lmqg/qg_koquad
      type: default
      args: default
    metrics:
    - name: BLEU4 (Question Generation)
      type: bleu4_question_generation
      value: 10.57
    - name: ROUGE-L (Question Generation)
      type: rouge_l_question_generation
      value: 25.64
    - name: METEOR (Question Generation)
      type: meteor_question_generation
      value: 27.52
    - name: BERTScore (Question Generation)
      type: bertscore_question_generation
      value: 82.89
    - name: MoverScore (Question Generation)
      type: moverscore_question_generation
      value: 82.49
    - name: QAAlignedF1Score-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_f1_score_bertscore_question_answer_generation_with_gold_answer_gold_answer
      value: 87.52
    - name: QAAlignedRecall-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_recall_bertscore_question_answer_generation_with_gold_answer_gold_answer
      value: 87.49
    - name: QAAlignedPrecision-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_precision_bertscore_question_answer_generation_with_gold_answer_gold_answer
      value: 87.57
    - name: QAAlignedF1Score-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_f1_score_moverscore_question_answer_generation_with_gold_answer_gold_answer
      value: 85.15
    - name: QAAlignedRecall-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_recall_moverscore_question_answer_generation_with_gold_answer_gold_answer
      value: 85.09
    - name: QAAlignedPrecision-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_precision_moverscore_question_answer_generation_with_gold_answer_gold_answer
      value: 85.23
    - name: QAAlignedF1Score-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_f1_score_bertscore_question_answer_generation_gold_answer
      value: 80.52
    - name: QAAlignedRecall-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_recall_bertscore_question_answer_generation_gold_answer
      value: 83.8
    - name: QAAlignedPrecision-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_precision_bertscore_question_answer_generation_gold_answer
      value: 77.56
    - name: QAAlignedF1Score-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_f1_score_moverscore_question_answer_generation_gold_answer
      value: 82.95
    - name: QAAlignedRecall-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_recall_moverscore_question_answer_generation_gold_answer
      value: 87.02
    - name: QAAlignedPrecision-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation) [Gold Answer]
      type: qa_aligned_precision_moverscore_question_answer_generation_gold_answer
      value: 79.39
---

# Model Card of `lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg`
This model is fine-tuned version of [google/mt5-small](https://huggingface.co/google/mt5-small) for question generation task on the [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) (dataset_name: default) via [`lmqg`](https://github.com/asahi417/lm-question-generation).


### Overview
- **Language model:** [google/mt5-small](https://huggingface.co/google/mt5-small)   
- **Language:** ko  
- **Training data:** [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) (default)
- **Online Demo:** [https://autoqg.net/](https://autoqg.net/)
- **Repository:** [https://github.com/asahi417/lm-question-generation](https://github.com/asahi417/lm-question-generation)
- **Paper:** [https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03992](https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03992)

### Usage
- With [`lmqg`](https://github.com/asahi417/lm-question-generation#lmqg-language-model-for-question-generation-)
```python
from lmqg import TransformersQG

# initialize model
model = TransformersQG(language="ko", model="lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg")

# model prediction
questions = model.generate_q(list_context="1990년 영화 《 남부군 》에서 단역으로 영화배우 첫 데뷔에 이어 같은 해 KBS 드라마 《지구인》에서 단역으로 출연하였고 이듬해 MBC 《여명의 눈동자》를 통해 단역으로 출연하였다.", list_answer="남부군")

```

- With `transformers`
```python
from transformers import pipeline

pipe = pipeline("text2text-generation", "lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg")
output = pipe("1990년 영화 《 <hl> 남부군 <hl> 》에서 단역으로 영화배우 첫 데뷔에 이어 같은 해 KBS 드라마 《지구인》에서 단역으로 출연하였고 이듬해 MBC 《여명의 눈동자》를 통해 단역으로 출연하였다.")

```

## Evaluation


- ***Metric (Question Generation)***: [raw metric file](https://huggingface.co/lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg/raw/main/eval/metric.first.sentence.paragraph_answer.question.lmqg_qg_koquad.default.json) 

|            |   Score | Type    | Dataset                                                          |
|:-----------|--------:|:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| BERTScore  |   82.89 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| Bleu_1     |   25.31 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| Bleu_2     |   18.59 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| Bleu_3     |   13.98 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| Bleu_4     |   10.57 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| METEOR     |   27.52 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| MoverScore |   82.49 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| ROUGE_L    |   25.64 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |


- ***Metric (Question & Answer Generation, Reference Answer)***: Each question is generated from *the gold answer*. [raw metric file](https://huggingface.co/lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg/raw/main/eval/metric.first.answer.paragraph.questions_answers.lmqg_qg_koquad.default.json)

|                                 |   Score | Type    | Dataset                                                          |
|:--------------------------------|--------:|:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| QAAlignedF1Score (BERTScore)    |   87.52 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedF1Score (MoverScore)   |   85.15 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedPrecision (BERTScore)  |   87.57 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedPrecision (MoverScore) |   85.23 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedRecall (BERTScore)     |   87.49 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedRecall (MoverScore)    |   85.09 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |


- ***Metric (Question & Answer Generation, Pipeline Approach)***: Each question is generated on the answer generated by [`lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-ae`](https://huggingface.co/lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-ae). [raw metric file](https://huggingface.co/lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg/raw/main/eval_pipeline/metric.first.answer.paragraph.questions_answers.lmqg_qg_koquad.default.lmqg_mt5-small-koquad-ae.json)

|                                 |   Score | Type    | Dataset                                                          |
|:--------------------------------|--------:|:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| QAAlignedF1Score (BERTScore)    |   80.52 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedF1Score (MoverScore)   |   82.95 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedPrecision (BERTScore)  |   77.56 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedPrecision (MoverScore) |   79.39 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedRecall (BERTScore)     |   83.8  | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |
| QAAlignedRecall (MoverScore)    |   87.02 | default | [lmqg/qg_koquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lmqg/qg_koquad) |



## Training hyperparameters

The following hyperparameters were used during fine-tuning:
 - dataset_path: lmqg/qg_koquad
 - dataset_name: default
 - input_types: ['paragraph_answer']
 - output_types: ['question']
 - prefix_types: None
 - model: google/mt5-small
 - max_length: 512
 - max_length_output: 32
 - epoch: 7
 - batch: 16
 - lr: 0.001
 - fp16: False
 - random_seed: 1
 - gradient_accumulation_steps: 4
 - label_smoothing: 0.15

The full configuration can be found at [fine-tuning config file](https://huggingface.co/lmqg/mt5-small-koquad-qg/raw/main/trainer_config.json).

## Citation
```
@inproceedings{ushio-etal-2022-generative,
    title = "{G}enerative {L}anguage {M}odels for {P}aragraph-{L}evel {Q}uestion {G}eneration",
    author = "Ushio, Asahi  and
        Alva-Manchego, Fernando  and
        Camacho-Collados, Jose",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = dec,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Abu Dhabi, U.A.E.",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
}

```