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How much land was allotted to settlers under the Desert Land Act? How much did the Desert Land Act charge per acre? Who promoted settlement in the Montana prairie? When was the Reclamation Act passed? When was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? How much free land did the Enlarged Homestead Act increase the amount of per family? When was the Espionage Act passed? When was the Sedition Act of 1918 enacted? What did the Sedition Act criminalize? How many people were arrested under the Montana Sedition Act? How many people were convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act? How many Montanans joined the military in the first year following the declaration of war? How many Montanans joined the military before the war ended? How many Montanans died in the war? What was the name of the joint U.S-Canadian commando-style force? Along with Great Falls, Lewistown, Cut Bank and Glasgow, what was a notable air base built in Montana? What is the aim of the Genocide Convention? What must the part of the Genocide Convention be to have an impact on the group as a whole? What phrase has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law? In what case was it found that Genocide had been committed? What did the Appeals Chamber go into to explain how they came to their conclusion? What was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide? What type of group destruction must the perpetrator have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide? What country's courts took a broad view of genocide? What type of laws did the ECHR find few cases of genocide under? What types of judgements did the ECHR review? What did the UN General Assembly adopt in 1948? Who perpetrated the Holocaust? Who campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides? What organization adopted the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide? What did the resolution not provide a legal definition of? What was removed from the first draft of the Convention? What country argued that the definition of genocide should follow the etymology of the term? What did other nations fear that including political groups in the definition of genocide would invite? Who is a leading genocide scholar? What did the USSR fear more international scrutiny of? What was the majority opinion in 1992? What does the ECHR consider to be a genocide? What was the name of the case that the ECHR decided in 2007? What type of destruction was necessary to qualify as genocide? What was the term "genocide" used as a descriptive term for? Who created a concept of mobilizing much of the international relations and community? What did Lemming's concept of mobilizing much of? Where is Peg LeVine from? What term was coined to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without necessarily destroying its members? What term did Peg LeVine use to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without destroying its members? Who coined the term "ritualcide"? Along with language, culture, and economic infrastructure, what was a key element of a group's basic existence? What aspect of the study of genocide has been focused on? What is the act of genocide formally recognized as? What is genocide? Who is more often than not committed by? What was established to protect ethnic, national, racial and in some instances religious groups? Who is more often than not committed by? What groups were protected by the Peace of Westphalia? When was the Peace of Westphalia established? When was the word genocide first used in international relations? What is the Latin word for to kill? What is the definition of genocide? Who described the policies of systematic murder founded by the Nazis as genocide? Who described the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war and civilians as "a crime without a name"? When was the word genocide first used in international relations? Who described the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war and civilians as "a crime without a name"? Who described the policies of systematic murder founded by the Nazis as genocide? What is the Latin word for to kill? What is the goal of genocide? What is the determination of when the targeted part is substantial enough to meet this requirement? What is the necessary and important starting point of an inquiry? What should the number of individuals targeted be evaluated in addition to the overall size of the group? What can be a useful consideration in addition to the numeric size of the targeted portion? What issue does the judges raise in paragraph 13? What do the judges say should be considered when considering the access to the victims of genocide? What else should be considered? What will limit the intent to destroy formed by a perpetrator of genocide? What other factors can be used to determine whether the targeted group is substantial or small? When did the Convention come into force as international law? How many countries became parties to the Convention? How many permanent members of the UN Security Council were parties to the treaty? Which country was the first to ratify the Genocide Convention? How long did the Convention languish for? What was the CPPCG a legal instrument resulting from? What is the CPPCG not intended to be a definition suitable for? Why is the CPPCG used as a research tool? What have gained widespread support for various reasons? Who argue that the academic discipline of genocide studies is too young to have a canon of work? What have academics adjusted to emphasize to emphasise different periods? Who studied the whole of human history? Who studied the whole of human history? Who has studied post World War II events? What groups are excluded from the CPPCG legal definition of genocide? What is the name of the book written by M. Hassan Kakar? What groups are excluded from the CPPCG legal definition of genocide? What is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state intends to destroy a group? What is a form of one-sided mass killing? What do Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr define genocide as? In genocides, who are defined primarily in terms of their communal characteristics? What type of genocide is defined primarily in terms of their hierarchical position? What are some of the characteristics of the victims in genocides? What do Polsby and Kates state we follow Harff's distinction between? What is the ordinary meaning of genocide? What is one of the 3 different meanings of genocide? What is the legal meaning of genocide? What is the end result of non-killings? What is a non-killings that in the end eliminate the group? Who defined genocide as 'When a source of collective power intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group? What is a source of genocide? What is the definition of genocide? What does the new definition of genocide broaden the definition of? What has to happen before it can be classified as genocide? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish? Where could a claim of genocide be brought against the signatories to the CPPCG without their consent? Which country refused to allow a charge of genocide brought against it by former Yugoslavia following the 1999 Kosovo War? Which two countries protested against the CPPCG reservations? What defined and forbade genocide in 1948? What were the criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts found guilty of? What was one of the more specific crimes that were found guilty of? What is universally recognized to have been a genocide? Who coined the term "genocide"? Who dismissed Nikola Jorgić's appeal? What type of interpretation of genocide did the German courts take? What did the ECHR say did not constitute genocide in the 21st century? What was the purpose of ethnic cleansing in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Who found that the actus reu, of genocide was met in Prijedor? How many people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia? How many people have been indicted for participating in genocide in Bosnia? What was Zdravko Tolimir found guilty of? What was Drago Nikolić found guilty of? Which courts have found three people guilty of participating in genocides in Bosnia? How did Slobodan Milošević die? Where was Radovan Karadžić arrested? Who was arrested in Lazarevo, Serbia on May 26, 2011? What was Milošević accused of? Who was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY? What is the name of the court that prosecutes offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide? When did the ICTR begin? Who created the ICTR? What type of violations of international law did the ICTR judge? Who is responsible for the prosecution of Rwandan citizens in the ICTR? What is the name of the conflict that started in 2003? Who declared the conflict in Darfur a genocide? Where did Colin Powell testify about the Darfur conflict? What group issued a report in 2005 stating that the Sudan has not pursued a policy of genocide? What type of policy did the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur say was not pursued by the Sudan? Who did the Security Council refer the situation in Darfur to? What report did the Security Council refer the situation in Darfur to? Which country abstained from the vote on the referral resolution? How many reports has the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court made to the Security Council? What are the conditions that lead up to genocide? What are the two processes that create an evolution toward genocide? Who showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in many instances of genocides? What is one of the conditions that lead to genocide? What can be done to prevent genocide? What is a common phenomenon? What happens during antibiotic therapy? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment? What are two examples of antibiotics that used to have a high efficacy against many bacterial species and strains? What often reflects the emergence of resistance to antibiotics? What is one way that the emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics can occur? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment? What experiment demonstrated antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? What does the activity of antibacterials depend on? What has been shown to eliminate in clinical settings? What phase of bacteria does bactericidal activity of antibacterials depend on? What is required for bactericidal activity of antibacterials? What does the activity of antibacterials depend on? What are some of the factors that determine the successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy? What are used as markers of drug efficacy? What do most antibiotics target? What are two types of antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall? What is the name of the antibiotic that targets the cell membrane? What are some examples of antibacterial antibiotics that target protein synthesis? What is one way that antibiotics are classified? What are two types of antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall? What is the name of the antibiotic that targets the cell membrane? How many new classes of antibacterial compounds have been discovered in the last 40 years? How are antibiotics classified? What are most modern antibacterials? What is an example of a semisynthetic antibiotic? What are the compounds that are still isolated from living organisms? How are sulfonamides, quinolones, and oxazolidinones produced? What are most modern antibacterials made out of? What is the molecular weight of many antibacterial compounds? What is the name of the antibiotic produced by fungi in the genus Penicillium? How are penicillins produced? What disease has been nearly eradicated in the developed world? What has caused bacteria to develop resistance to antibiotics? What organization classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious threat? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What is the potential to affect anyone, of any age, in any country? What has caused bacteria to develop? What organization classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious threat? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has led to widespread problems with antimicrobial and antibiotic use? Along with antibiotics, what has helped to eradicate tuberculosis in the developed world? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has caused bacteria to develop? What organization classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious threat? Where is antimicrobial resistance happening? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has led to widespread problems with antibiotics? What is a major cause of antibiotic resistance? What disease has been nearly eradicated in the developed world? What type of therapy is used when a patient has proven or suspected infection, but the responsible microorganism is not yet unidentified? Where is the identification process of the microorganism causing the infection? What type of antibiotic is used in empirical therapy? What type of antibiotic will a doctor administer when the microorganism is not yet identified? How long does empirical therapy take? What type of antibiotic is used in empirical therapy? What is empirical therapy? What is the first step in empirical therapy? What are some of the common side effects of antibiotics? What is one of the most common side effects of an antibiotic? What type of bacteria can overgrowth of in the vulvo-vaginal area lead to? What type of antibiotic can cause tendon damage? What has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics screened for before being approved for clinical use? What type of use are antibiotics usually considered to be safe for? What is one of the main causes of side effects of antibiotics? What are some of the most common side effects of antibiotics? What have scientists hypothesized that the indiscriminate use of antibiotics alter? What are antibiotics screened for before approval? What are two examples of major allergic reactions? What is one of the most common side effects of an antibiotic? What type of bacteria can overgrowth of in the vulvo-vaginal area? What is an example of a side effect of using an antibiotic with a systemic corticosteroid? What is the effect of early exposure to antibiotics on humans? What type of antibiotic treatment has been shown to alter the composition of the gut microbiota? What type of antibiotic treatment had an altered composition of the gut microbiota? What is unclear about whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans? What needs to be weighed against the beneficial effects of antibiotics in infancy? What is the effect of early exposure to antibiotics on humans? What is a critical period for the establishment of the intestinal microbiota and for metabolic development? What is unclear about whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans? What do most studies indicate do interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is a possible effect of antibiotics on the intestinal flora? What has been the result of studies on the effects of antibiotics on the intestinal flora? What should be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives? What do most studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is a possible effect of antibiotics on the intestinal flora? What type of birth control pills can be affected by antibacterials that are suspected to interact with antibiotics? What do most studies indicate about antibiotics and birth control pills? What should be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is the effect of alcohol and antibiotics on antibiotic therapy? What type of alcohol is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What type of antibiotics can alcohol consumption cause serious side-effects? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What is a possible side effect of mixing alcohol and antibiotics? What type of alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What should never be mixed? What should never be mixed with antibiotics? What type of antibiotics can alcohol consumption cause serious side-effects? What should never be mixed with antibiotics? What type of antibacterial resistance can be part of the genetic makeup of bacterial strains? What can be exchanged between different bacterial strains? What is absent from the bacterial genome? How does the spread of antibacterial resistance often occur? What causes acquired resistance? How does the spread of antibacterial resistance often occur? What can confer resistance to multiple antibacterials? What are bacteria-resistant strains and species sometimes referred to as? What is an example of an emergent bacterial strain that is resistant to previously effective antibiotics? How many new cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis are estimated to occur worldwide every year? What is another name for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What is an example of misuse of antibiotics? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What type of antibiotics are most commonly used in travelers? What is a common form of antibiotic misuse? What is one form of antibiotic misuse? What is an example of inappropriate antibiotic treatment? What did a study on respiratory tract infections find doctors were more likely to do? What is the name of the group that addresses the issue of misuse and overuse of antibiotics? What is another name for the Food and Drug Administration? When did the "Antibiotics are not automatic" government campaign begin in France? When did the EU ban the use of antibiotics as growth-promotional agents? What was the name of the report that prompted restrictions on antibiotic use in the UK in 1970? What is the abbreviation for the American Society for Microbiology? What are the names of two federal bills aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in US food animals? What organizations endorsed the bills to ban the nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in food animals? What type of industry has there been extensive use of antibiotics in? When was the question of emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains raised by the US Food and Drug Administration? When was the Natural Resources Defense Council's lawsuit brought against the FDA? Before the early 20th century, treatments for infections were based on what? How long ago were antimicrobial properties first described? What did ancient cultures use to treat infections? What does the word "antibiosis" mean? Who introduced the term "antibiosis"? What type of mold can cause infection? Who discovered the effect of mold on infection? What compound did Fleming believe could be used for chemotherapy? What could penicillin's antibacterial properties be used for? What was the name of the first commercially available antibacterial? What was the name of the company that made Prontosil? Who led the research team that developed Prontosil? When did Domagk receive the Nobel Prize for Medicine? What was the name of the first naturally derived antibiotic? When was tyrothricin discovered? What was the first naturally derived antibiotic? Who discovered the first naturally derived antibiotic? What was tyrothricin used to treat during World War II? When was penicillin G first purified? When was the chemical structure of penicillin determined? Who developed the back extraction technique for efficiently purifying penicillin? When was the chemical structure of penicillin determined? Who determined the chemical structure of penicillin? What do vaccines rely on? What has been responsible for a drastic reduction in global bacterial diseases? What type of vaccine is made from attenuated whole cells or lysates? What is another option that is being looked into for treating resistant strains of bacteria? How are researchers trying to treat resistant bacteria? What type of bacteria do researchers worry that phages will infect? How many new antibiotics were approved in the US in 2009? How many antibiotics against Gram-negative bacilli are currently in phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials? In what year did the IDSA report that the weak antibiotic pipeline does not match bacteria's increasing ability to develop resistance? Who can approve antibiotics and antifungals based on smaller clinical trials? What could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in this endeavor? What is the growing threat of? Who is Allan Coukell? In what languages was Chopin born? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? What type of piano did Chopin primarily write for? Where was Chopin born? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? When was Chopin born? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? Where was Chopin born? What type of piano did Chopin primarily write for? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? When was Chopin born? What was Chopin's father's name? What type of piano did Chopin primarily write for? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? When was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist of? When did Chopin die? How old was Chopin when he settled in Paris? How many public performances did Chopin give in his last 18 years? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Where did Chopin visit in 1838-39? What did Chopin die of? Where did Chopin die? How many public performances did Chopin give in his last 18 years? Who did Chopin form a friendship with? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who did Chopin have a failed engagement to? How old was Chopin when he settled in Paris? How many public performances did Chopin give in his last 18 years? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who supported Chopin in his last years? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who supported Chopin in his last years? What did Chopin die of? For what instrument did Chopin write most of his compositions? What concept did Chopin invent? Who were some of Chopin's favorite classical composers? What were Chopin's performances noted for? Where was Chopin a frequent guest? For what instrument did Chopin write most of his compositions? What concept did Chopin invent? What were Chopin's performances noted for? Who were some of Chopin's favorite classical composers? To what language did Chopin write some songs? For what instrument did Chopin write most of his compositions? To what language did Chopin write some songs? What were Chopin's performances noted for? Who were some of Chopin's favorite classical composers? For what instrument did Chopin write most of his compositions? To what language did Chopin write some songs? Where was Chopin a frequent guest? Chopin's association with political insurrection was what? What happened to Chopin? What era is Chopin a leading symbol of? Along with films and biographies, what has Chopin been the subject of? Where did Chopin compose most of his works? In what country was Chopin born? What was Chopin associated with? What era is Chopin a leading symbol of? Where did Chopin compose most of his works? What was Chopin associated with? What era is Chopin a leading symbol of? Where was Chopin born? When was Chopin born? On what date was Chopin born? What was Chopin's Latin given name? How many miles west of Warsaw was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? When was Chopin born? On what date was Chopin born? What was Chopin's Latin given name? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? When was Chopin born? On what date was Chopin born? What was Chopin's Latin given name? Where was Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? Who did Nicolas Chopin marry in 1806? When was Fryderyk baptized? What language did Nicolas Chopin insist on the use of in the household? Who was Fryderyk's father? Where was Nicolas Chopin's father from? Who did Nicolas Chopin marry in 1806? Who was Fryderyk's godfather? What was Fryderyk's elder sister's name? Who was Fryderyk's father? Where was Nicolas Chopin's father from? What was Fryderyk's elder sister's name? When did the family move to Warsaw? What language did Chopin's father teach? Where did Fryderyk live? What instruments did the Chopins' father play? What was Chopin prone to in early childhood? When did the family move to Warsaw? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum located? What instruments did the Chopins' father play? What instrument did Fryderyk's mother play? How long after Fryderyk's birth did his family move to Warsaw? What language did Chopin's father teach? What instruments did the Chopins' father play? What instrument did Fryderyk's mother play? Where did Fryderyk live? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? What was Fryderyk's sister's name? How many public concerts did Fryderyk give by the age of 7? How many polonaises did Fryderyk compose in 1817? What is the name of Fryderyk's earliest surviving musical manuscript? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? What was Fryderyk's sister's name? How many public concerts did Fryderyk give by the age of 7? When did Fryderyk begin giving public concerts? When did Wojciech Żywny teach Fryderyk? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? What was Fryderyk's sister's name? How many public concerts did Fryderyk give by the age of 7? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? When was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? What is the current name of the Kazimierz Palace? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Where was Fryderyk sometimes invited to? What was the name of the dramatic eclogue written by Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz? When was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Who was the son of the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? Where was Fryderyk sometimes invited to? Who was the son of the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? When did Chopin begin a three-year course at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who taught Chopin at the Warsaw Conservatory? What was the name of the organ created by the inventors of a mechanical organ? Who presented Chopin with a diamond ring? When did Chopin perform his Rondo Op. 1 on the eolomelodicon? Who did Chopin receive organ lessons from? Who taught Chopin at the Warsaw Conservatory? What was the name of the organ created by the inventors of a mechanical organ? What did the Tsar give to Chopin? What was the first of Chopin's works to be commercially published? Who did Chopin receive organ lessons from? Who taught Chopin at the Warsaw Conservatory? What was the name of the organ created by the inventors of a mechanical organ? What did Tsar Alexander I give Chopin in 1825? What was the first of Chopin's works to be commercially published? Who was the father of a schoolmate? Where did Chopin spend his vacations? Who was amused by Chopin's letters home from Szafarnia? What newspapers did Chopin's letters spoof? Who was the father of a schoolmate? What type of music did Chopin encounter at Szafarnia? Who was the father of a schoolmate? What was the title of Chopin's letters home from Szafarnia? Where did Chopin spend his vacations? When did the family move from Warsaw University to the Krasiński Palace? Where did Chopin live until 1830? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What did the Chopin Family Parlour become in the 20th century? Who painted the first known portrait of Chopin? When did the family move from Warsaw University to the Krasiński Palace? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? Who did Chopin's parents run a boarding house for? Who painted the first known portrait of Chopin? What was the name of Chopin's youngest sister? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What was the name of the boarding house that Chopin's parents ran? Who painted the first known portrait of Chopin? Who did Chopin's parents run a boarding house for? Which of Chopin's boarders became part of his Paris milieu? Who was Chopin's singing student? Who were the four boarders at Chopin's parents' apartments? Who was Chopin's singing student? What was the name of the slow movement in Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 1? When was Chopin's final Conservatory report published? Which of Chopin's boarders became part of his Paris milieu? Who was Chopin's singing student? Who was one of Chopin's boarders at his parents' apartments? What was the name of the slow movement in Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 1? How many boarders did Chopin have at his parents' apartments? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed the operas Chopin enjoyed in Berlin? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1829? What was the name of Chopin's Polonaise brillante for cello and piano? When did Chopin visit Berlin? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed the operas Chopin enjoyed in Berlin? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1829? What was the name of Chopin's Polonaise brillante for cello and piano? When did Chopin visit Berlin? Who was Chopin's family friend? What profession was Feliks Jarocki? Who directed the operas Chopin enjoyed in Berlin? When did Chopin return to Berlin? What set of variations did Chopin compose after hearing Niccolò Paganini play the violin? When did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? How many piano concerts did Chopin give in Vienna? When did Chopin premiere his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21? What set of variations did Chopin compose after hearing Niccolò Paganini play the violin? Where did Chopin make his debut? What was the name of Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor? When did Chopin return to Warsaw? What did some people think of Chopin? Who played the violin? Where did Chopin make his debut? How many piano concerts did Chopin give in Vienna? How many weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? When did the Uprising break out in Warsaw? Where did Chopin want to go after Italy? When did the November Uprising break out? Who said that Chopin's maturing into an inspired national bard was due to the Uprising? Who said that Chopin's maturing into an inspired national bard was due to the Uprising? Who returned to Poland to enlist in the Uprising? What country did Chopin want to go to after Austria? What was the name of the uprising that took place in Warsaw in 1830? Where did Chopin want to go? Who returned to Poland to enlist in the Uprising? When did the November Uprising break out? How did Chopin feel about leaving Poland? When did Chopin learn that the Uprising had been crushed? What was Chopin one of many expatriates of? What was Chopin's given name in France? When did Chopin receive French citizenship? What did Chopin call his fellow Poles in exile? What nationality was Chopin's father? When did Chopin arrive in Paris? What was the name of the great emigration of Poles? When did Chopin receive French citizenship? Who is Chopin's biographer? What country did Chopin never return to? In what country did Chopin receive French citizenship? What was Chopin's given name in France? Who is Chopin's biographer? What was the name of the great emigration of Poles? In what city did Chopin find many opportunities to exercise his talents and achieve celebrity? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? What type of songs did Adam Mickiewicz write for Chopin? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? Who did Chopin become acquainted with during his years in Paris? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? What literary society did Adam Mickiewicz belong to? Who was Chopin's Warsaw Conservatory classmate? What was Albert Grzymała's profession? Who did Albert Grzymała fill the role of in Chopin's life? Who was Chopin's Warsaw Conservatory classmate? In what language was Fontana a friend of Chopin? Where did Fontana try to establish himself before moving to Paris? Where did Fontana try to establish himself before moving to Paris? What was Albert Grzymała's profession? What was Albert Grzymała's profession? Who was Chopin's Warsaw Conservatory classmate? Where was Julian Fontana a student? Who said "Hats off, gentlemen! A genius"? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? What type of technique was not optimal for large concert spaces? Who did Chopin no longer have to rely on to support him? Who said "Hats off, gentlemen! A genius"? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? Who introduced Chopin to the Rothschild family? When did Chopin receive his first major endorsement from an outstanding contemporary? What technique was not optimal for large concert spaces? What did Chopin do in the winter of 1832? Where did Chopin play for small groups of friends? On what instruments did Chopin, Liszt, and Hiller perform a concerto by J.S. Bach? Where did Chopin give a single annual concert in later years? What Liszt piece did Chopin write the sixth variation on? Who arranged for Chopin's music to be published not only in France but in Germany and England? Who was Chopin's pupil? Where did Chopin play for small groups of friends? Who was involved in the composition of Liszt's Hexameron? Who arranged for Chopin's music to be published not only in France but in Germany and England? Who was the musical director of the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? What did Mendelssohn and Chopin play and discuss at his piano? Who was the director of the Academy of Art? Where did Chopin spend his last time with his parents? What music festival did Chopin attend in 1834? Who was the musical director of the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where did Chopin spend his last time with his parents? When did Chopin send Maria an album in which his sister Ludwika had inscribed seven of his songs? Who was Maria's mother? Who was the musical director of the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where did Mendelssohn become musical director? Where was Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow the director of? Who did Chopin propose to in 1836? Who did Chopin write a letter to in 1831 about meeting Liszt? Who was in attendance at Chopin's Parisian debut? Who was in attendance at Chopin's Parisian debut? When was Chopin's Parisian debut? Who did Chopin write a letter to in 1831 about meeting Liszt? Where was Chopin's Parisian debut? Where did Chopin and Liszt live in Paris? How far away was the Hôtel de France? How many times did Chopin and Liszt perform together? Who was Hector Berlioz's wife? Where did Chopin and Liszt perform on 25 and 26 April 1841? When did Chopin and Liszt first perform together? Where was the Beethoven Memorial located? Where did Chopin and Liszt perform on 25 and 26 April 1841? Where did Chopin and Liszt live? How many times did Chopin and Liszt perform together? Who was Hector Berlioz's wife? What was the relationship between Chopin and Liszt? What did Chopin become enchanted with about Liszt? What did Chopin demand of Liszt in response to his performance of his nocturnes? What did Chopin call Liszt as late as 1848? What was the name of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was Liszt's mistress? Who was the dedicatee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was the dedicatee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was Liszt's mistress? Who did Chopin write to about Liszt's performance of Op. 10 Études? Who was the dedicatee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who hosted the party at which Chopin met George Sand? What did Chopin call the letters from Maria and her mother? Who did Sand ask to assess Chopin's relationship with Maria Wodzińska? Who did Chopin meet at a party in 1836? Why did Maria Wodzińska's mother think that a marriage with George Sand was unlikely to proceed? What did Chopin call the letters from Maria and her mother? Who hosted the party at which Chopin met George Sand? When did Maria Wodzińska's mother make it clear to Chopin that a marriage with her daughter was unlikely to proceed? What did Chopin call the letters from Maria and her mother? Who did Sand ask to assess Chopin's relationship with Maria Wodzińska? Where did Chopin visit in June 1837? Who did Chopin become lovers with in June 1838? How old was Sand when he met Chopin? How was the winter on Majorca for Chopin and Sand? Where was the former Carthusian monastery located? Who was the piano manufacturer that Chopin visited in June 1837? Who was James Broadwood? How old was Sand when he met Chopin? Who was Sand's former lover? What type of monastery was Valldemossa? When did Chopin and Sand become lovers? Where did Chopin and Sand spend the winter of 1838? How many children did Sand and Chopin have? Who was Sand's former lover? What type of monastery was Valldemossa? How many doctors visited Chopin in Majorca? What was the name of the piano that Chopin sent to Majorca? What was the condition of the Pleyel piano when it arrived in Majorca? How many doctors visited Chopin in Majorca? When did Chopin's Pleyel piano arrive from Paris? What was Chopin complaining about in Majorca? What was the name of the piano that Chopin sent to Majorca? When did Chopin's Pleyel piano arrive from Paris? Who did Chopin write to in January 1839? What caused Sand to decide to leave the island? Who did Sand sell the piano to? Where did the group stay while Chopin convalesced? Where did Chopin and Sand spend most summers until 1846? Where did Chopin and Sand live in 1842? Who did Sand sell the piano to? Where did the group stay while Chopin convalesced? Where did Chopin and Sand spend most summers until 1846? Where was Chopin's apartment in Paris? Where did Chopin and Sand live in 1842? What caused Sand to decide to leave the island? Who did Sand sell the piano to? Where did the group stay while Chopin convalesced? Where did Chopin and Sand live in 1842? Where did Chopin and Sand spend most summers until 1846? What was Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale? What was the anniversary of the July Revolution? Who was the tenor who died in Paris in 1839? Where did Chopin make a rare appearance in 1839? What piece of music did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? Who was the tenor who died in Paris in 1839? Who wrote Die Gestirne? What was Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale? What was the anniversary of the July Revolution? What was the name of Chopin's Polonaise in A-flat major? Who was the mezzo-soprano that Chopin advised on piano technique and composition? When did Delacroix write about staying at Nohant? What did Chopin advise Pauline Viardot on? Which mezzo-soprano advised Chopin on piano technique and composition? What did Chopin advise Pauline Viardot on? Who gave an account of staying at Nohant in a letter of 7 June 1842? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? Who did Chopin write to about his illness? Where was the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement performed on March 1, 1843? What instrument did Charles Hallé see Chopin play? What type of epilepsy did modern research suggest Chopin may have suffered from? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? What piece did Chopin decline to participate in a repeat performance of in 1843? What type of epilepsy did modern research suggest Chopin may have suffered from? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? Along with his mouth and tonsils, what part of Chopin's body was aching? Who invited Chopin to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony? Who visited Chopin in 1844? What type of epilepsy did Chopin suffer from? Who was Solange's fiancé? What type of pursuits did Chopin not care about? What did Sand call Chopin? What was the name of the author of the novel that Sand published in 1847? When did Chopin end his relationship with Sand? When did Chopin end his relationship with Sand? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was the name of the author of the novel that Sand published in 1847? What was Auguste Clésinger's profession? What role did Sand play in Chopin's life? What was the name of the author of the novel that Sand published in 1847? When did Chopin end his relationship with Sand? What sonata did Chopin write in 1844? How were Chopin's mazurkas more refined than many of his earlier compositions? How many shorter pieces did Chopin write in 1843? How many shorter pieces were written in 1843? What sonata did Chopin write in 1844? How many shorter pieces were written in 1843? How many shorter pieces did Chopin write in 1843? How many mazurkas did Chopin finish in 1845? When did Chopin give his last Paris concert? Who was the cellist with Chopin at his last Paris concert? When did Chopin give his last Paris concert? Who was the cellist with Chopin at his last Paris concert? What caused Chopin to struggle financially? Who was the cellist with Chopin at his last Paris concert? What instrument did Franchomme play? Who made a TV documentary about Chopin in 2010? Who created the documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music? What was the name of the BBC documentary about Chopin? Who made a TV documentary about Chopin in 2010? What was the name of the BBC documentary about Chopin? Who created the documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music? Who created the documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music? What was the name of the 1945 biographical film about Chopin? Who played Chopin in 'A Song to Remember'? When was La valse de l'adieu made? Who starred in Impromptu? Who did Chopin have relations with? What was the name of the 1945 biographical film about Chopin? Who played Chopin in 'A Song to Remember'? Who played Chopin in La valse de l'adieu? Who starred in Impromptu? When was the opera produced? Where was the opera produced in 1901? Who wrote the opera version of Chopin's life? Who was the subject of the first fictional treatment of life? What was the first fictional treatment of Chopin's life? Who wrote the opera version of Chopin's life? Where was the opera produced in 1901? Where was the opera produced in 1901? Who wrote the first sonnet on Chopin? Which French writers have written about Chopin? When was Leon Ulrich's sonnet written? Who wrote the first sonnet on Chopin? When was Leon Ulrich's sonnet written? In what language are there many biographies of Chopin? How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin held? What is the name of the event held every five years for notable Chopin recordings? What newspaper recommended performances by Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia and Krystian Zimerman? Who organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin? How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin held? What newspaper recommended performances by Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia and Krystian Zimerman? When was the earliest recording of Chopin's Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2? What is the name of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2? Who recorded the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2? Who makes available historic recordings of Chopin's works? When was the earliest recording of Chopin's Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2? Who is responsible for tracing the lineage and character of pedagogic traditions from Chopin? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How often is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How many performances of Chopin works are on youtube as of January 2014? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? What is the name of the organization that lists over eighty societies worldwide devoted to the composer and his music? How many performances of Chopin works are on youtube as of January 2014? What was the name of the 1909 ballet that used Chopin's music? Who choreographed the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? What was the title of the later productions of Chopiniana? Who orchestrated the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? When was the ballet Chopiniana performed? What was the name of the 1909 ballet that used Chopin's music? Who choreographed the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? Who orchestrated the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? What was the title of the later productions of Chopiniana? In what city did Hayek perform during the Revolution of 1848? Who made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the necessary funding? In what city did Hayek perform during the Revolution of 1848? What was the name of the sister of Jane Stirling? Who made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the necessary funding? During what event did he perform in London in 1848? What nationality was Queen Jane Stirling? Where did Chopin take lodgings in London? Who arranged concerts for Chopin? Where did Queen Victoria and Prince Albert attend Chopin's first concert? Who was in the audience at Chopin's first engagement? On what date did Chopin give a concert in London? Where did Chopin take lodgings in London? What type of piano did Broadwood provide Chopin? Who was in the audience at Chopin's first engagement? What did Chopin charge for piano lessons? Who sang arrangements of some of Chopin's mazurkas to Spanish texts? Where did Chopin visit in 1848? Who did Chopin stay with in Edinburgh in 1848? Where did Chopin visit in 1848? In what city did Chopin give a public concert on 27 September 1848? What did Chopin write in his last testament? When did Chopin make his last public appearance? Where did Chopin make his last public appearance? Who did Chopin play for? What was Chopin's sickness at a stage? Where did Chopin make his last public appearance? Who did Chopin play for his friends? Where did Chopin live in 1849? Who subsidized Chopin's apartment in Chaillot? When did Chopin return to Paris? Who did Chopin play for his friends? Where did Chopin live in 1849? Who subsidized Chopin's apartment in Chaillot? When did Jenny Lind visit Chopin in Chaillot? When did Chopin's sister Ludwika come to Paris? Where did Chopin live in Paris? Who came to Paris with Chopin in 1849? Who did Chopin's sister Ludwika bring with her to Paris? Who lent Chopin a loan to help him move to Paris? What did Chopin do in his room? Why did Chopin want his body opened after death? What did Chopin say when the physician asked him if he was suffering? Who made Chopin's death mask? Why did Chopin want his body opened after death? What did Clésinger make for Chopin? What was the principal cause of Chopin's death? Who was the leading French authority on Chopin's disease? What type of testing has been denied by the Polish government? What was the principal cause of Chopin's death? Who was the leading French authority on Chopin's disease? What is another possible cause of Chopin's death? Who has denied DNA testing for the cause of Chopin's death? Where was the funeral held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people were excluded from the funeral? Where was the funeral held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people were excluded from the funeral? What Mozart piece was sung at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? What was the funeral march from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2? What Mozart piece was sung at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral? Where was the funeral procession to the cemetery? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? What was played at the graveside? Who designed and sculpted Chopin's tombstone? Who is the muse of music on Chopin's tombstone? How much did Jane Stirling pay for Chopin's funeral and monument? Who paid for the return of Ludwika to Warsaw? What did Ludwika preserve Chopin's heart in? Who designed and sculpted Chopin's tombstone? How much did Jane Stirling pay for Chopin's funeral and monument? Who paid for the return of Ludwika to Warsaw? Who returned Chopin's heart to Warsaw? Who destroyed the letters that Ludwika took from Chopin? How many of Chopin's works survive? All of Chopin's known works involve what instrument? How many of Chopin's works survive? What type of music is Chopin's chamber music? Who did Chopin use with his own students? Who did Chopin use with his own students? Who did Chopin cite as the two most important composers in shaping his musical outlook? Who was the most important composer to Chopin? Who invented the nocturne? What did Chopin write as individual concert pieces? What salon genre was invented by John Field? What did Chopin write as individual concert pieces? What concept did Chopin exploit in his free standing preludes? Along with Liszt, Clementi and Moscheles, who developed the concert étude? How many polonaises were published in his lifetime? How many polonaises were published in his lifetime? What dance form did Chopin put on the European musical map? What type of tempos did Chopin's waltzes have? What did Chopin's mazurkas have a greater range of? Where were the mazurkas written for? Who put the mazurka on the European musical map? How many polonaises were published in his lifetime? What type of music was written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom? What piece was written with the failed Polish uprising against Russia in mind? What is the only piece of Chopin's that did not have a title? What is the name of the third movement of Chopin's Sonata No. 2? How many of Chopin's pieces did he give a title? What piece was written with the failed Polish uprising against Russia in mind? What is the name of the piece Chopin never named beyond genre and number? What was the last opus number that Chopin used? Who was Chopin's musical executor? How many unpublished piano pieces were published in 1855? How many Polish songs were published in 1857? What was the last opus number that Chopin used? Who was Chopin's musical executor? When was Op. 74 published? Who is the compiler of the Kobylańska Catalogue? Since what year have Chopin's works received alternative catalogue designations? What have works published since 1857 received instead of opus numbers? What is the standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? What are the initials of the Kobylańska Catalogue? Who is the compiler of the Kobylańska Catalogue? Who published the first collected edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the National Edition of Chopin's works? Who were the original publishers of Chopin's works? In what century did Chopin's works begin to appear in piano anthologies? What is the name of the modern scholarly edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the National Edition of Chopin's works? What stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? What stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes? Who wrote that improvisation is designed for an audience? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? What is an example of Chopin's rich harmonic palette? How many scherzos are in the Barcarolle Op. 60? What form is the Barcarolle Op. 60 based on? What features do the mazurkas show more of than many of Chopin's other works? What type of form are Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes in? What type of music shows more folk features than many of Chopin's other works? What type of bass is used in the mazurkas? How far away is the canon in Op. 63 No. 3? What time period are Chopin's polonaises in? Who were Chopin's teachers? What type of rhythm do Chopin's polonaises display? What type of playing technique do polonaises require? How many nocturnes are more structured than Field's? What do many of the Chopin nocturnes have middle sections marked by? Who met Chopin in 1833? When did Field and Chopin meet? How many of the Chopin nocturnes are structured? What type of form are Chopin's Etudes? What form are Chopin's études largely in? What type of form are Chopin's Etudes? What piece did Chopin's preludes take inspiration from? Who noted a recording by Ferruccio Busoni of 1922? What were described by Schumann as "the beginnings of studies"? What was Chopin's preludes inspired by? What were Chopin's preludes used for? Who recorded the Prelude Op. 28 No. 7 in 1922? How many movements are in Op. 3, Op. 58? Who said the Op. 58 sonata is worthy of Brahms? How many movements are in Op. 3, Op. 58? What movement was found shocking and unmusical by contemporaries? What is the name of Chopin's sonata that is closer to the German tradition? Which composer used modal harmony? What type of innovations may have arisen partly from Chopin's keyboard improvisation technique? Who said that novel harmonic effects frequently result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures? What type of technique did Chopin use? Who wrote of a recital given by Chopin in 1841? What was the name of the book that Chopin wrote about finger technique? Who was Chopin's successor? What type of modes and idioms did Chopin use? Who was Alexander Scriabin's teacher? Who was Chopin's successor? Who was devoted to the music of Chopin? Who was Alexander Scriabin's teacher? Who wrote that modern concert performance style is set in the "conservatory" tradition? What did Chopin avoid in performance? What did Chopin avoid in performance? What did Chopin tell a pupil to give up the idea of? Who wrote in 1853 that Chopin "has created a kind of chromatic embroidery"? Who wrote that "What in the hands of others was elegant embellishment, in his hands became a colourful wreath of flowers"? What is the practice in performance of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note values for expressive effect? What is rubato? What is the practice in performance of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note values for expressive effect? Where are most of the written indications of rubato in Chopin's music found? Who was a pupil of Chopin? Who was a pupil of Chopin? What did Chopin want his students to adhere to? What did Chopin introduce to music? When did Schumann write a review of Chopin's piano concertos? What country did Schumann say Chopin had strong feelings for? When was the failure of the November 1830 rising? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? What type of music did Chopin introduce a new sense of nationalism to music? Who wrote a review of Chopin's piano concertos in 1836? Where are Chopin's works buried? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? Who suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music? Who were some of the nationalist composers in Central Europe? Who impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing? How did Chopin's music come to him? What was the struggle of the Polish people for? Where were the Poles scattered? What type of flamboyance did Arthur Hutchings think Chopin lacked? Along with Liszt and Henri Herz, who was a notable romantic? In what city did Chopin arrive in 1831? Who said that Chopin's reclusiveness made him exceptional among his romantic contemporaries? What piece did Schumann name for Chopin? What was the name of the piece Chopin dedicated to Schumann? How many of Chopin's Polish songs did Liszt transcribe for piano? Who was deeply affected by Chopin's death? What were Chopin's best qualities as a pianist and composer? What piece did Schumann name for Chopin? What was the name of the piece Chopin dedicated to Schumann? Who transcribed six of Chopin's Polish songs? What composer dedicated his 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin? Who edited Chopin's piano music? Who made recordings of Chopin's music? Who did Debussy dedicate his 1915 piano Études to? Who argue that Tibet has been an integral part of China since the 13th century? What trade was important to the Ming dynasty? When was the Yongle Emperor's reign? Who was the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school? What school of Tibetan Buddhism was Deshin Shekpa associated with? What country did Tibetan leaders conduct their own foreign diplomacy with? What did the Tibetans use against the Ming? Who were successful armed protectors of the Gelug Dalai Lama? What was the name of the regime established by the 5th Dalai Lama? When was the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initiated? When did the Tibetan Empire collapse? Who was the ruler of Tibet in 821? What did the treaty between Tibet and the Tang fix? What was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang China? When was the treaty between Tibet and China signed? When was the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China? When did the Song dynasty end? What dynasty was more concerned with countering northern enemy states? What was one of the northern enemy states of the Song dynasty? What was the name of the Jin dynasty? Who conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia? Who invaded Tibet after Genghis Khan's death? When did Ögedei Khan rule? Who invaded Tibet after Genghis Khan's death? Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan? Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism? Who was the regency of Tibet during 1241-1246? When was Töregene Khatun in power? How many states ruled by myriarchies were in Tibet? What was Kublai's later name? Who granted Kublai a large appanage in North China? Who was the head lama of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism? Who was the senior instructor to Kublai in religious affairs? When did Kublai Khan conquer South China? When did the Yuan dynasty rule? What dynasty ruled China, Tibet, Mongolia, Korea, parts of Siberia and Upper Burma? What did Kublai claim? What country did Kublai Khan want to be Emperor of? In what year was the Sakya viceregal regime overthrown? Who was the viceroy of Tibet in 1358? Who was the Phagmodru myriarch? What dynasty gained de facto rule over Tibet? Who was the first emperor of the Ming dynasty? What was the name of the Han Chinese revolt in 1368? Who was the first emperor of the Ming dynasty? When did Zhu Yuanzhang rule? Who did the Hongwu Emperor ask to renew their titles for the new Ming court? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? What was the link between Tibet and China that the Hongwu Emperor wanted to foster? Who did Rolpe Dorje send as envoys to the court in Nanjing? Who enacted a law that forbade Han Chinese to learn the tenets of Tibetan Buddhism? When did Yongle Emperor rule? Who was the first Ming ruler actively to seek an extension of relations with Tibet? When did the Qing dynasty end? When was the History of Ming compiled? What was the name of the military office established by the Ming dynasty? How many Qianhu offices were there? Where was the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" located? How many Princes of Dharma did the Ming court appoint? Who established the Tibetan law code? Who established the Tibetan law code? What was Turrell V. Wylie's profession? What country had extensive contacts with China during the Yuan? Who wrote that "Tibet scarcely had diplomatic relations with the Ming"? Who supports van Praag's position? Who state that van Praag and Shakabpa's assertions are "fallacies"? Who argue that the Ming emperor sent edicts to Tibet twice in the second year of the Ming dynasty? When did Prince Punala go to Nanjing? What did lamas call themselves? What did the Ming dynasty use to invite ex-Yuan officials to the court for official positions? Who wrote The Story of Tibet? Who did Laird compare the Mongols to? Who did Wang and Nyima present the government viewpoint of? What was the Yuan dynasty? What does the Encyclopedia Americana describe the Yuan dynasty as? What type of polity was the Yuan dynasty? Who wrote Kublai Khan: His Life and Times? When did the Yuan dynasty rule? When did Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan reign? What type of market existed between China and Tibet during the Yuan? Who were accorded higher status than the Han Chinese majority? Who set up administrative organs over Tibet? What office was Choskunskyabs appointed to in 1373? What Ming dynasty office governed most areas of Tibet? Where is the China Tibetology Research Center located? Who is the Director of the History Studies Institute under the China Tibetology Research Center? How many households did Qianhu have? How many households did Wanhu oversee? Who is the Tibetologist? Who did the Ming emperors send invitations to? Who did the lamas send to the Ming court? What are the two oasis city-states of the Western Regions? Who administered the dependent states and oasis city-states? What was Gyaltsen's official title? What was Gyaltsen's Tibetan title? What dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? Who state that even in the later period of the Yuan dynasty, the Yuan imperial court and the Phagmodrupa Dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? Who wrote in his will that he received loving care from the emperor in the east? Who was the first leader of the Tibetan Empire to establish Tibet as a strong power? Who asserts that Changchub Gyaltsen's ambitions were to "restore to Tibet the glories of its Imperial Age"? Where is Lok-Ham Chan a professor? What did Changchub Gyaltsen want to remove from Tibet? Who was given the title of Initiation State Master? What was the name of the Ming officer that informed the Hongwu Emperor that the situation was under control? Who was the second Phagmodru ruler? What was the name of the Ming officer that informed the Hongwu Emperor that the situation was under control? Who sent envoys to the Ming court? Who lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? When did the 5th Dalai Lama establish hegemony over Tibet? What did other families try to establish after the Phagmodrupa lost power? What was the name of the lamas of the Gelug school? What type of lamas had previously declined invitations to receive titles? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come to the Ming court? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? When was the first request for Tsongkhapa to appear at the Ming court? When did the Ming court send another embassy? Who did Tsongkhapa send to Nanjing on his behalf? When did Chosrje Shākya Yeshes arrive in Nanjing? Who argues that modern Chinese Communist historians tend to be in favor of the view that the Ming simply reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet? Who did the Ming appoint titles to? What did the Ming not send to replace the Mongols after they left Tibet? Who did the Ming appoint titles to? Who did the Yongle Emperor send into Tibet in 1413? Where did Yang Sanbao go in 1413? When was Yang Sanbao sent into Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor send Yang Sanbao into Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor pay gifts for tributes? Who did the Gelug send missions to? When did the Gelug stop sending missions to the Ming court? What was the name of the court of the Mingshi? Who did the Ming court grant titles to? Who overthrew the viceregal Sakya regime? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When did Rinpungpa rule? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When did Tsangpa rule? When did the Yongle Emperor usurp the throne? Who aided the Yongle Emperor in his usurpation? Who rejected Deshin Shekpa's invitation to his court? When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court? Who was the eunuch sent to Tibet by the Yongle Emperor? Who did the Yongle Emperor want to find in Tibet? When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing? Where did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang travel to Lhasa? When did Deshin Shekpa begin his travels? Where did the Yongle Emperor come out of the palace to greet the Karmapa? Who did the Yongle Emperor give the place of honor at his left? Who was the leader of the Mongols? Who came out of the palace to greet Deshin Shekpa? What was the name of the temple where the Karmapa held religious ceremonies for the Yongle Emperor's deceased parents? Where was Linggu Temple located? What was Deshin Shekpa's title? Who did Deshin Shekpa convince the Yongle Emperor to grant the title of Great Treasure Prince of Dharma to? Who did Deshin Shekpa convince the Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet? Why was Deshin Skekpa invited into Tibet? What did the Yongle Emperor plan to send into Tibet? What did the Yongle Emperor want to give the Karmapa? Who dissuaded the Yongle Emperor from sending a military force into Tibet? Who was the previous emperor of the Ming dynasty? Who provided portents and omens to the Yongle Emperor? What type of miracles did Deshin Shekpa provide? Who failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship? What type of artifacts symbolized the religious nature of the relationship between China and Tibet? Who wrote that the Ming dynasty did not exercise any direct political control over Tibet? When did Zhengtong Emperor rule? Who preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor? Who did Zhengtong send a message to in 1445? Who was the Karmapa? What did the Karmapa's agent bring to the Ming court? Who did the Ming court cut off relations with? When did the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa hierarchs? When did Deshin Shekpa die? Who did the Ming court believe was sending representatives of the Karma Kagyu? What did the Yongle Emperor want to facilitate trade with? What did the Yongle Emperor want to facilitate trade with Tibet in? Where did the trade route pass through? Why did the Ming establish diplomatic delegations with Tibet? What type of workshop did the Ming provide Tibetan tribute-bearers with? What type of iconography did the Silk workshops feature? Who ruled Tibetan areas? How were horses collected from Tibet? What country did the Ming trade horses with? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols? What confederation did the Tümed Mongols overthrow? What dynasty traded horses with Tibet? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols? When did the Hongwu Emperor use military force to quell unrest in Tibet? When was Mu Ying commissioned to quell the unrest in Tibet? How many Tibetan prisoners did Mu Ying allegedly capture in 1379? How many Tibetan prisoners did Mu Ying capture in 1379? Who was ordered to repel a Tibetan assault into Sichuan in 1390? What region did the Mongols use as a rallying base? Who used the Ordos region as a rallying base to stage raids into Ming China? Who was the last time a united China had to deal with an independent Tibet? What was the purpose of the patronage of high Tibetan lamas? What policy did the Ming uphold? What regime had fallen after the Sakya regime? Who did the Yongle Emperor try to build a relationship with? What did the Yongle Emperor follow the Karmapa's advice of? Who captured Lhasa from the Rinbung? When did the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa? What was the most important event in the Gelug? When did the Phagmodru ruler capture Lhasa from the Rinbung? When did the Zhengde Emperor reign? What did the Zhengde Emperor enjoy at court? Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama? When did Chinese writers describe Tibet as a feudal dependency of China? What dynasty had no control over Tibet? When did the idea that Tibet became part of China become a recent construction? When did the Manchu Qing dynasty invade Tibet? During what dynasty did Tibet come to be considered an organic part of China? Who was Tibet considered to be subject to? Who upheld a "mutual role of religious prelate and secular patron"? Who assumed the former imperial tributaries and subject states as integral parts of the Chinese nation-state? Where is the California Academy of Sciences located? Who established a patron and priest relationship between Tibetans and Mongol converts to Tibetan Buddhism? What was the relationship between Tibetans and Mongol converts to Tibetan Buddhism? When was Tibet incorporated into the territory of Yuan dynasty's China? Which dynasty handled Tibet's civil administration and punished Tibetans who broke the law? When was China Daily founded? Which dynasty handled Tibet's civil administration? Who broke the law? When did Jiajing Emperor reign? What ideology was fully sponsored at the Ming court? Who discontinued their trips to Ming China and its court? Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing? Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing? Who ended the Ming's unique relationship with Tibetan prelates? What type of establishment was in power after Zhengde's death? What embassy did the Neo-Confucian establishment reject? What religion did the Neo-Confucian establishment have a predisposed animosity towards? Who ended the Ming's unique relationship with Tibetan prelates? Where did the Tumed Mongols move into? Where did the Tumed Mongols raid? Who did Altan Khan make peace with in 1571? When did Altan Khan make peace with the Ming dynasty? Who was the third hierarch of the Gelug? What practices were abolished by Altan Khan? Who was coerced to convert to Gelug Buddhism? What did the Mongol princes and subjects face if they did not convert to Gelug Buddhism? Who did the Mongol princes ask to bestow titles on them? Who did the Mongol princes ask to bestow titles on them? Who was the nominal superior of Altan Khan? Who was the 4th Dalai Lama? Who was the first to wield effective political control over Tibet? When was the 5th Dalai Lama born? Who was granted a title by Altan Khan? Who gave Sonam Gyatso his title? Who did Sonam Gyatso send a letter and gifts to before he left for Tibet? Who did Sonam Gyatso send a letter and gifts to before he left for Tibet? Where did Sonam Gyatso die? Who was the third Dalai Lama? What did the third Dalai Lama have to do? What was Sonam Gyatso's title? Who did the Qing emperor grant an honorific title to? Who did the Qing emperor grant an honorific title to? What title was given to Yonten Gyatso? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? When did the Wanli Emperor invite Yonten Gyatso to Beijing? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? How did Yonten Gyatso die? Who took control of Tibet in 1642? What country did the Mongols want to reclaim? When did a Mongol leader conquer Tibet? What was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? In what year were the Rinbung princes overthrown? Who was the second successor of the first Tsang king? When did Karma Phuntsok Namgyal reign? Who did the Ü-Tsang king ally with? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? Who did Lozang Gyatso ask for help? What was Güshi Khan's role as a protector? Who did Güshi Khan defeat in the Amdo and Kham regions? Where did Güshi Khan resettle his tribe? When did the Ü-Tsang surrender Shigatse? Who did Güshi Khan welcome with a welcoming ceremony? What did Lozang Gyatso present as a gift to the Dalai Lama? Who did Güshi Khan enthroned as the ruler of Tibet? Who was the regent of Tibet? Who enthroned the Dalai Lama as the ruler of Tibet? Who led the rebellion against the Chinese Ming dynasty? Who accepted the Manchu invitation to send envoys to their capital in 1640? Who invited the fifth Dalai Lama to Beijing in 1652? Who attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet? Who was the Kangxi Emperor? When did the Kangxi Emperor occupy Lhasa? When was a protectorate established in Tibet? When was the Qianlong Emperor's reign? Who designed and marketed the iPod? When was the first iPod released? How many current versions of the iPod are there? What is the purpose of the iPod? What is the main feature of the iPod Touch? When was the first iPod released? Who designed and marketed the iPod? What was the first line of iPods released? What is the name of the smallest version of the iPod? When were the most recent iPod redesigns announced? What kind of storage does the iPod Shuffle have? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Shuffle? What is the name of the smallest model of the iPod? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Shuffle? What is the name of the software that can transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? What operating systems are used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, and Web bookmarks to devices? What is the name of the software that can transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? How many apps were included with the iPh and iPad before iOS 5? What was the media player included with the iPhone before iOS 5? Before the release of what, the iPod branding was used for the media player included with the iPhone and iPad? When did iPhone sales overtake iPod sales? What apps are standardized across all iOS-powered products? What is the name of the processor in the sixth generation iPod Touch? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? When was the new model of the iPod Touch announced? What is the name of the processor in the sixth generation iPod Touch? How many colors are available in the sixth generation iPod Touch? What was the name given to the iPod when it was unveiled? What was the name given to the iPod by Steve Jobs? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? What was the name of the radio that inspired the design of the iPod? What was the name given to the iPod by Steve Jobs? What was the name given to the iPod when it was unveiled? What was the name given to the iPod by Steve Jobs? What was the name of Apple's first digital music player? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? What company created the disk drive for the iPod? What company did Apple contract to design and implement the user interface for the iPod? What was the name of the font that was replaced with Espy Sans? When was the sixth-generation iPod Classic introduced? What font did Apple change the iPod interface to in 2007? Who supervised the design of the user interface for the iPod? What was the reference platform for the iPod software? What font did Apple change the iPod interface to in 2007? When was the U2 special edition of the iPod 5G released? What band performed on the iPod 5G special edition? What color was the metal of the iPod 5G? What did the special edition of the iPod 5G include? What band performed on the iPod 5G special edition? What color was the metal of the iPod 5G? When was the U2 special edition of the iPod 5G released? What company did Apple sue in 2007? Who created the IXI? What country did Kane Kramer apply for a patent for in 1981? When did Kane Kramer apply for a UK patent for his design of a "plastic music box"? What was the name of the "plastic music box"? What company did Apple sue in 2007? What was the name of the "plastic music box"? Who created the IXI? Who proposed the name iPod? What was Vinnie Chieco's occupation? What movie did Vinnie Chieco think of when he saw a prototype of the iPod? Who originally listed an "iPod" trademark with the USPTO? When was the trademark assigned to Apple Computer, Inc? What movie did Vinnie Chieco think of when he saw a prototype of the iPod? Who proposed the name iPod? Who originally listed an "iPod" trademark with the USPTO? When were the new color schemes spotted in the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos? What was the latest version of iTunes? What was the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos? What did the third-generation iPod have a weak response to? When is the problem of low-frequency bass output reduced? What type of amplifier is used to reduce the bass response? What type of response did the third-generation iPod have? What type of capacitors were used in the fourth-generation iPods? What is the name of the EQ setting that would distort the bass sound too easily? What EQ settings would distort the bass sound too easily? What is the term for distortion on bass instruments? When were all iPods released with EQ settings? What EQ settings would distort the bass sound too easily? What was one of the reasons that Apple introduced a user-configurable volume limit? In what market is the maximum output level of the sixth-generation iPod limited to 100 dB? What is the maximum output level of the sixth-generation iPod in the EU? In what country did Apple have to remove iPods from shelves for exceeding the legal volume limit? What is the maximum output level of the sixth-generation iPod in the EU? In what country did Apple have to remove iPods from shelves for exceeding the legal volume limit? What was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What was included with the first four generations of the iPod? What was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What generation of iPods included a 30-pin dock connector? What did the third generation of iPods include to allow FireWire or USB connectivity? What was the last generation of the iPod Classic? What is the name of the fourth generation iPod Nano? What is the name of the connector that acts as both a headphone jack and a data port for the dock? What generation of iPods included a 30-pin dock connector? What is the name of the iPod that uses a single 3.5 mm minijack phone connector? What did Apple discontinue using for data transfer? What did Apple begin shipping iPods with instead of FireWire cables? What was the name of the accessory that Apple discontinued? What are two companies that manufacture accessories for the iPod? What allowed the iPod to connect to accessories? What does the implementation of the dock connector require? Who manufactures most accessories for the iPod? What was the name of the accessory that Apple discontinued? What is the name of the new 8-pin dock connector? What is the name of the seventh generation iPod? How many pins did the older dock connector have? How many pins does the new dock connector have? On what side of the plug can the Apple Lightning cables be inserted? What is the name of the new 8-pin dock connector? What was the fifth generation of the iPod Touch? What is an example of a third party company that makes accessories for the iPod? What unique feature does the iPod Camera Connector have? What were some of the first accessory manufacturers? What type of connections do audio/visual cables add? What is the name of the unique feature of the iPod Camera Connector? Who makes the iPod Hi-Fi? Who released the first iPod automobile interface? When did Apple announce that similar systems would be available for other vehicle brands? What car brand offers standard iPod connectivity on all their cars? Who released the first iPod automobile interface? What car brand offers standard iPod connectivity on all their cars? What stereo manufacturers have iPod-specific integration solutions? What type of transmitters are illegal in some countries? What do car manufacturers add as standard? What is an example of an alternative connection method that is not illegal in some countries? What do car manufacturers add as standard? What airlines had agreements to install iPod seat connections? What type of displays were included in the iPod seat connections? What airlines were reported to be part of the deal with Apple? What airlines had agreements to install iPod seat connections? When did four major airlines reach agreements to install iPod seat connections? What audio format does the iPod line support? What file format did the iPod introduce the ability to display? What audio format does Apple not support? What is provided with the Windows version of iTunes? What was the only OS that iPod software originally worked with? What audio file format does the iPod line support? What file format did the iPod introduce the ability to display? How many computers is an iPod associated with during installation? What can be set on an iPod and synchronized later to the iTunes library? How many computers is an iPod associated with during installation? How many buttons do all iPods have? What is the name of the innovation that gives an uncluttered, minimalist interface? Where does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have a small control? How large is the touch screen on the iPod Touch? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch identical to? How many buttons do all iPods have? Which iPod did not have any controls on the actual player? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch identical to? When was the iTunes Store introduced? What is the name of the online media store run by Apple? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the store? When did full-length movies become available on the iTunes Store? When was the iTunes Store introduced? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the store? When did full-length movies become available on the iTunes Store? What format did purchased audio files use at the time the store was introduced? How many authorized computers could play the files? What was the name of the category of DRM-free, higher quality songs sold on the iTunes Stores? When did Apple announce that DRM had been removed from 80% of the music catalog? When was DRM removed from all music? What format did purchased audio files use at the time the store was introduced? What was the DRM system based on? What was the name of the category of DRM-free, higher quality songs sold on the iTunes Stores? What year did Apple announce that DRM had been removed from 80% of the music catalog? What are two examples of stores that use rival-DRM technologies? What can't play music files from competing music stores that use rival-DRM technologies? What type of DRM does RealNetworks use? Who decided not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What store did Universal decide not to renew their contract with? When did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What was the name of Apple's Media Event on September 5, 2007? When was the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store introduced? When was the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store introduced? What is the name of the device that allows users to access the Music Store from? What is playable on various versions of the iPod? What game was included as an easter egg hidden feature on the original iPod? Who invented the game Brick? Along with Parachute, Solitaire, and Music Quiz, what game was added to the iPod later on? What was the name of the hidden feature on the original iPod? What game was included as an easter egg hidden feature on the original iPod? Along with Parachute, Solitaire, and Music Quiz, what game was added to the iPod later on? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What was the name of the store that began to offer additional games in 2006? On what generation of iPod did the games available in iTunes 7 work? On what generation of iPod did the games available in iTunes 7 work? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What generation of iPod was compatible with iTunes 7? Along with Namco, Square Enix, Electronic Arts, Sega, Sega and Hudson Soft, what third party is making games for the iPod? What market has Apple taken steps towards entering? What magazines have reviewed and rated Apple's games as of late? What are the games in the form of? What are the.ipg files actually? What is the name of Apple's software development kit for iPod-specific development? What are apps produced with the iPhone SDK compatible only with? What are the games in the form of? Along with the iPod Touch, what other device can't run clickwheel-based games? What has Apple not released for iPod-specific development? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What are available on a number of different platforms? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What is required to transfer purchased media from an iPod to a computer? What can transfer purchased media of the iTunes Store from an iPod to a computer? Where are media files stored on an iPod? Where can hidden content be accessed on an iPod? How can media files be recovered from an iPod? When did Apple face two lawsuits claiming patent infringement? What did Apple face two lawsuits in 2005? What online music stores were named as defendants in the lawsuit? Who was the inventor of the FairPlay technology? What company claimed the iPod line breached its patent on a "music jukebox"? What technology did Pat-rights claim was infringed on? What was the name of the patent used on the iPod interface? When was the "Zen Patent" granted? Who was one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market? What was the name of the patent granted to Creative Technology? Who did Creative Technology ask to investigate whether Apple was breaching U.S. trade laws by importing iPods into the US? What was the name of the patent used on the iPod interface? Who was one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market? When did Apple and Creative announce a settlement to end their legal disputes? How much did Apple pay for a paid-up license to use Creative's patent? What program did Creative join to produce iPod accessories? How much did Apple pay for a paid-up license to use Creative's patent? What program did Creative join to produce iPod accessories? How much of the market for hard drive-based players does the iPod control? When did the iPod line begin to dominate digital music player sales in the United States? What was the iPod's market share in January 2007? According to Bloomberg, what was the iPod's market share in January 2007? How much of the market for hard drive-based players does the iPod control? What was the market share of hard drive-based players in the U.S.? What was the market share of the iPod in July 2005? When did Hewlett-Packard announce that they would sell HP-branded iPods? Who announced that they would sell HP-branded iPods under a license agreement? What retailer sold HP-branded iPods under a license agreement? What percentage of all iPod sales were HP-branded iPods? Why did HP stop selling iPods in 2005? What was the name of the company that sold HP-branded iPods? How many iPods did Apple sell in 2007? What percentage of Apple's second quarter revenue was made from iPod sales? What other Apple products did Apple say iPod users are likely to purchase? What was Apple's second quarter revenue? When did Apple sell its one-hundred millionth iPod? What percentage of Apple's second quarter revenue was made from iPod sales? How much of Apple's 2007 revenue came from desktop sales? What percentage of Apple's 2007 revenue came from desktop sales? How much money did Apple make in profits in 2007? How much money did Apple have in cash at the end of 2007? How much money did Apple make in profits in 2007? When did Apple report the best quarter revenue and earnings in Apple's history? What was Apple's record net quarterly profit? How much of Apple's revenue in the First fiscal quarter of 2008 came from notebook sales? How much of Apple's revenue came from iPod sales? Who is Apple's CFO? When did Phil Schiller announce total cumulative sales of iPods exceeded 220 million? What percentage of total revenue for fiscal quarter 4 of year 2008 came from iPods? What was the total cumulative sales of iPods in 2009? In what year did Apple not introduce a new model of the iPod? Where did the iPod rank in the best computer product of 2006? What kind of reviews do iPods receive? Which mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? What audio format does Nokia's phones use? Who says that the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? Which mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? Who says that the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What type of business has the iPod been accepted as? What does the Royal and Western Infirmaries use iPods for? What institution in Glasgow, Scotland uses iPods to train new staff? Where is the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? What university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? What magazine put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list? What university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? What magazine put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list? What era of music did the iPod hasten the end of? What industry is the iPod credited with accelerating? What did the iPod popularize? What era of music did the iPod hasten the end of? How long is the advertised battery life of the fifth generation 30 GB iPod? What website reported that the battery life of the fifth generation iPod was virtually unachievable under real-life usage conditions? When were class action lawsuits brought against Apple? What is different from the real-world achievable life on most models? How long did the writer for MP3.com say the iPod's battery would last on average? Who is responsible for the market for battery replacement kits? What was the official policy for replacing worn out batteries? What type of batteries lose capacity even when not in use? What is not designed to be removed or replaced by the user? What type of batteries lose capacity even when not in use? What did Apple announce on November 14, 2003? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What is needed for the iPod Nano to replace the battery? What generation of iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive? When did Apple announce a battery replacement program? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What is the name of the iPod with a battery that is soldered onto the main board? What type of battery was used by Apple from a single manufacturer? What was the name of the program that replaced affected iPod Nanos free of charge? What are some of the criticisms of the iPods? What website conducted a 2005 survey on the iPod's failure rate? What was the average failure rate of the iPod line in 2005? When was the first generation iPod Nano scratched? What did Apple begin shipping the first generation iPod Nano with? What was the failure rate for iPods with flash memory? What part of the first generation iPod Nano was unusable due to scratches? What British tabloid reported on Apple's labour practices in 2006? What did Apple say some of the plant's labour practices met? How many consecutive days did employees work more than six consecutive days for? What tabloid reported that iPods are mainly manufactured by workers who earn no more than US$50 per month? What percentage of employees worked more than six consecutive days for 25% of the time? What company did Apple hire to audit the Foxconn factory? What group did Apple join to oversee the measures? Who was Apple's manufacturer? Where was the Foxconn factory located? Who was Apple's manufacturer? What company did Apple hire to audit the Foxconn factory? When did workers at the Foxconn factory in Longhua form a union? In what year did a number of Foxconn workers commit suicide? What was missing when an employee killed himself in 2009? In what year did a number of Foxconn workers commit suicide? What can create more jobs overseas than domestically? What file system format does an iPod use when formatted on a Mac OS computer? What is the default file system used on the iPod line? What type of game is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? Which two home video game consoles did Nintendo release The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess on? When was the Wii version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess released? When was the GameCube version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess released? Who developed and published The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? When was The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess originally supposed to be released? When was the Wii version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess released? Who is the main character of the Zelda series? What is the name of the parallel dimension in the Zelda series? What is the name of the mysterious creature that helps Link? Who is the main character of the Zelda series? What is the name of the mysterious creature that helps Link? What is the name of the game that takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time? What award did Twilight Princess receive? What label was given to the Wii version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess in 2011? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released on the Wii U? What was the most critically acclaimed Zelda game of 2006? How many Game of the Year awards did Twilight Princess receive? When was Twilight Princess released? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released on the Wii U? What is the main focus of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What game introduced the basic control scheme for The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What is the name of the system that allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy while moving and attacking? What does Link use in combat? What is the name of the secondary weapon in The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What type of game is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What game introduced the basic control scheme for The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What does Link use in combat? What is the name of the system that allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy while moving and attacking? How many buttons does the context-sensitive button have? What shows what action, if any, the context-sensitive button will trigger? Where does the context-sensitive button place the rock? What mechanic allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What shows what action, if any, the context-sensitive button will trigger? What device controls Link's sword? What is the series' trademark sound when discovering secrets? What device controls Link's sword? What is the name of the gesture used to trigger attacks on the Wii Remote? How many of Link's secondary weapons can be equipped at a time in the GameCube version? The Wii version of the game makes use of what kind of sensors? What device controls Link's sword? How many dungeons are in Zelda? Who does Link fight in the dungeons? What is the name of the area across which Link can travel on foot? What is the name of Link's horse? What are the dungeons in Zelda? What happens at the end of the dungeons? What is the name of the area across which Link can travel on foot? What is the name of Link's wolf form? How does a wolf attack? What is the name of the enemy ghosts in Zelda? What is the name of the small imp-like creature that helps Link jump long distances? What is the fastest way for Link to move as a wolf? What is the name of Link's wolf form? What is Midna? What can the player hunt for in Zelda? What type of intelligence does the enemies in Twilight Princess have? What game's enemies are more advanced than the enemies in Twilight Princess? How do enemies react to defeated companions? What type of intelligence does the enemies in Twilight Princess have? Who can detect slingshot pellets? How are Link's emotions indicated? Which character has the most voice acting? Who is Midna's voice actress? What country is Akiko Kōmoto from? What is Link's response to being attacked or injured? How are Link's emotions indicated? Which character has the most voice acting? Who is Midna's voice actress? What is Link's job? What do the Bulblins take from Ordon Village? Who is the imp-like Twilight being named? What is the name of the Tears of Light? What is the name of the village where Link is working? What is the name of the group that attacked Ordon Village? What is the name of the Tears of Light? What fragments of a relic containing powerful dark magic did Midna find? Who turns Link into a wolf? What does Link need to return to human form? Who sacrifices herself to heal Midna? Which tribe did Zant belong to? What fragments of a relic containing powerful dark magic did Midna find? Who turns Link into a wolf? What does Link need to return to human form? Who sacrifices herself to heal Midna? What is the name of the Crystal that allowed Link to switch between wolf and wolf forms at will? What is the only known gateway between the Twilight Realm and Hyrule? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? Where does Ganondorf live? How does Ganondorf fight Link? What is the name of the Crystal that allowed Link to switch between wolf and wolf forms at will? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who is the ruler of the Twilight Realm? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? How did Ganondorf transform into a beast? What did Ganondorf crush as he defeated Midna? What village is Link shown leaving at the end of the game? Who was able to hold Ganondorf off with the Fused Shadows? How does Link kill Ganondorf? Who brought Midna back to life? Who assisted Link in knocking Ganondorf off his horse? What did Ganondorf crush as he defeated Midna? What is the name of the Mirror of Twilight that Midna destroys? When did Nintendo announce a new Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? At what event did Eiji Aonuma reveal that The Wind Waker 2 was in development? What market did Aonuma want the sequel to The Wind Waker to appeal to? What did Miyamoto suggest Aonuma do? When did Nintendo announce a new Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? Who was the director of The Wind Waker 2? What did Miyamoto suggest Aonuma do? How long did it take to create realistic horseback riding for Phantom Hourglass? When was Phantom Hourglass revealed to the public? For what device was Phantom Hourglass released? What was the name of the sequel to The Wind Waker released for the Nintendo DS in 2007? When was Phantom Hourglass released? What animal did Link transform into in the Dark World of A Link to the Past? What was the name of the game that Aonuma directed for the Game Boy Advance? What was the Wii's code name? Who thought that the Wii Remote was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? Who created the script for the story scenes? What device did Miyamoto think was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? What did Aonuma use to control the bow and arrow? When was the Wii version of Zelda originally supposed to be released? Who felt that having both versions would satisfy users in the end even though they would have to wait for the finished product? When was the Wii version of Zelda originally supposed to be released? What console was being created to be compatible with the Wii? When did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What was the name of the game that would appear on the Wii? At what event did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What did Aonuma use to control the sword? What British publication reported that a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess would allow the player to use the Revolution controller? What controller did not make it into the GameCube release? When did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch? How long after the launch of the Wii was the GameCube version of Twilight Princess released? What British publication reported that a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess would allow the player to use the Revolution controller? When did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch? What did demo users complain about? What did E3 attendees want to see transferred back to gestures? At what event did E3 attendees say they would like to see sword controls transferred back to gestures? What was Link's left-handed swing used for? What did Aonuma want to make the Wii controls easier to use? Who composed the game's score? Who was the sound supervisor for Twilight Princess? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who was the sound supervisor for Twilight Princess? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who conducted the ensemble that performed Twilight Princess's music? What type of instruments did Kondo prefer for the game's orchestral music? How many people were in the orchestra Kondo originally envisioned for the action sequences? When was the game's soundtrack released? What was the name of the promotion that bundled the game's soundtrack with replicas of the Master Sword and Hylian Shield? What type of music did Kondo want to use for the other tracks in the game? When was the game's soundtrack released? What type of soundtrack was released on November 19, 2006? What vulnerability was discovered in the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What is another name forELF programs and homebrew Wii applications? What version of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability? What was the exploit called that allowed the execution of custom code from a Secure Digital card on the console? What version of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console? What version of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability? Who is developing The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What console is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD being developed for? When was The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD announced? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in Australia? What is the name of the HD version of The Legend of Zelda? Who is developing The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What is one of the features of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in North America and Europe? What Amiibo figurine unlocks a Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the Cave of Shadows? Which Amiibo figurines replenish arrows? Which Amiibo figurines restore Link's health? Who causes Link to take twice as much damage? What is the name of the Wii U-exclusive dungeon? What Amiibo unlocks a Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the Cave of Shadows? What is the name of the Wii U-exclusive dungeon? Which Amiibo figurines replenish arrows? Which Amiibo figurines restore Link's health? Where was the CD available? How many musical selections were included in the CD? In what countries was the CD included in all bundles? How many musical selections were available as a preorder bonus? What score did Twilight Princess receive from 1UP.com? Which review aggregators gave Twilight Princess an average score of 95% on the Wii version? What publication called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? What kind of acclaim did Twilight Princess receive? What score did Twilight Princess receive from 1UP.com? What was the average score for the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What publication called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? Which two critics criticized the low-resolution characters and blurry textures in Twilight Princess? Who said the Wii controls felt "tacked-on"? Who said the Wii controls felt "tacked-on"? Who said the Wii controls were "tacked-on"? What reviewer said the Wii controls were "tacked-on"? Which two critics criticized the low-resolution characters and blurry textures in Twilight Princess? What website said the remote-swinging sword attacks were "the most impressive in the entire series"? Who said the Wii controls were "tacked-on"? What system was Twilight Princess released on? Where did Twilight Princess place in the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? Where did IGN rank Twilight Princess on its list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo games of All Time? Where did Nintendo Power rank Twilight Princess? Which two publications ranked Twilight Princess as the third-best game to be released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s decade? What award did GameSpy give to Twilight Princess? Where did Twilight Princess place in the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? Where did IGN rank Twilight Princess on its list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo games of All Time? In what region is Twilight Princess the best-selling Zelda game? How many copies of Twilight Princess had been sold on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies of Twilight Princess had been sold on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007? In what region is Twilight Princess the best-selling Zelda game? How many copies of Twilight Princess had been sold on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies of Twilight Princess had been sold on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007? Who wrote and illustrated the manga series based on Twilight Princess? Where is the manga series based on Twilight Princess exclusive to? What is the name of the publisher of the manga series? Where is the manga series available? What production company produced 'Spectre'? Who plays Ernst Stavro Blofeld in 'Spectre'? What is the name of the twenty-fourth James Bond film? What was the second James Bond film directed by Sam Mendes? What is the budget of 'Spectre'? How many James Bond films have been produced by Eon Productions? What is the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions? How many James Bond films have been produced by Eon Productions? Which two studios are responsible for distributing Spectre? Who directed 'Spectre'? What is the name of the film in which Bond is pitted against a global criminal organisation? What was the first Eon Productions film to feature Spectre? Along with M, Q and Eve Moneypenny, what recurring James Bond character makes an appearance in 'Spectre'? Who plays Mr. Hinx? Who plays Max Denbigh in 'Spectre'? Along with M, Q and Eve Moneypenny, what recurring James Bond character makes an appearance in 'Spectre'? Who plays Dr. Madeleine Swann? Who plays Mr. Hinx? When was Diamonds Are Forever released? When was Spectre released in the UK? Where was the world premiere of Spectre held? When was 'Spectre' released in the US? What aspects of 'Spectre' received praise? What award did 'Writing's on the Wall' win? What was the second James Bond film to be screened in IMAX? What was the theme song for 'Spectre'? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? What is the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative between 9 member states called? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative? Where does Bond go to attend Sciarra's funeral? What is the name of the criminal organization that Sciarra belonged to? Who is the leader of Spectre? What is Hinx? What is the name of the assassin who pursues Franz Oberhauser? Where does Bond go to attend Sciarra's funeral? Who is the leader of Spectre? Who is a Spectre assassin? Who is the leader of Spectre? What is the cause of White's death? Who will take Bond to L'Américain? What happens to White after he dies? Where is Dr. Madeline Swann abducted by Hinx? Where is L'Américain located? What is the cause of White's death? Who is the daughter of White? Where is L'Américain located? Who abducts Dr. Madeline Swann? How do Bond and Swann travel to Oberhauser's base? Who was Oberhauser's father? Who did Oberhauser take the name of after his father's death? Who did Oberhauser take the name of after his father's death? Where is the old MI6 building? Who tells Bond he has three minutes to escape the MI6 building before explosives are detonated? Where did Blofeld's helicopter crash? Who falls to his death during the struggle between M and C? Who succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online? Who falls to his death during the struggle between M and C? What is the acronym for the Spectre organisation? Who did Ian Fleming settle out of court with in 1963? When did Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory settle the Thunderball lawsuit? What was the name of the 1983 remake of Thunderball? What was the name of the second Thunderball film that was planned for release in the 1990s? When did Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory settle the Thunderball lawsuit? What was the name of the 1983 remake of Thunderball? What was the name of the film version of 'Thunderball'? Who bought the film rights to the concept of Spectre? What was the original name of the Spectre organization? What company is Danjaq, LLC a sister company to? When did MGM settle the issue with Danjaq, LLC? Who bought the film rights to the concept of Spectre? What was the name of the new 'Spectre' movie? What is the sister company of Eon Productions? Who was targeted by hackers in 2014? Who released confidential e-mails between Sony executives regarding several film projects? Who wrote the script for 'Spectre'? Who released a statement confirming the release of the screenplay? In what year was Sony Pictures Entertainment targeted by hackers? Who wrote the script for 'Spectre'? Who released a statement confirming the release of the screenplay? Who played Franz Oberhauser in Spectre? When was 'Spectre' released? Who wrote 'Spectre'? What was the name of the organisation alluded to in Casino Royale and introduced in Quantum of Solace? What is the name of the short story in which Hannes Oberhauser is a background character? What is the name of the full-time guardian of Bond in Spectre? What is the name of the short story in which Hannes Oberhauser is a background character? Who played Franz Oberhauser in 'Spectre'? What was the name of the Quantum organisation introduced in Casino Royale? What is the name of the film that draws on Ian Fleming's source material? What is the MI6 safehouse called? Who wrote 'Colonel Sun'? What is the name of the short story in which the MI6 safehouse is referenced? What is the name of Fleming's short story collection? Who tortures Bond in 'Spectre'? What is the MI6 safehouse called? When was the main cast of 'Bond' revealed? Who reprised their role as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised their role as Eve Moneypenny? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in the series? How many appearances did Daniel Craig make as James Bond? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in the series? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? What was the name of Ernst Stavro Blofeld's character? What was the name of the character in 'Spectre'? Who played Sévérine in Skyfall? What was Jesper Christensen's character killed off in? How old was Monica Bellucci when she was cast as Lucia Sciarra? Who played Sévérine in Skyfall? What was Jesper Christensen's character killed off in? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence set in Mexico? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was cast as Estrella? When was the pre-title sequence set in Mexico filmed? Where was the pre-title sequence set? Where was Detlef Bothe cast as a villain? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was Stephanie Sigman cast as? Who was the first director to oversee two consecutive Bond films? Who was the production designer for Spectre? Who was the cinematographer for Skyfall? Which two Bond films did Mendes direct? What was the name of the second Bond film directed by Mendes? What was the name of the second Bond film directed by Mendes? Who was the first director to oversee two consecutive Bond films? How many Bond films were written by Neal Purvis and Robert Wade? Along with London, Mexico City and Rome, what other location was confirmed for the film? What type of film stock did Van Hoytema use for the film? Where did early filming take place? How long did '007' take to film? What type of film stock did Van Hoytema use for the film? Where did early filming take place? When did filming begin in Austria? When did filming in Austria end? What was the name of the restaurant in Austria that was used for the Hoffler Klinik? What did Craig sprained while shooting a fight scene? What was the name of the restaurant in Austria that was used for the Hoffler Klinik? Where is Hoffler Klinik located? What glacier was used in the filming of the movie? What is the name of the famous bridge in Rome that was used in the film? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? What car was used in the car chase scene? How many jet turbines did the C-X75 have? Where was Blenheim Palace located? What is the name of the bridge in Rome that was used in the film? What was the name of the car used in the car chase scene? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? What company built the original C-X75 prototype? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival in Mexico City? How many extras were needed for the Day of the Dead scene in Mexico? Where was the second unit of the film moved to for aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? What type of helicopter was used in the fight in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival in Mexico City? Where was Craig flown to for surgery? When did Craig return to filming? Where was Craig flown to for surgery? What bridges were closed during the filming of the film? What fire brigade was on set to simulate rain? On what river did filming take place on May 17, 2015? Where was MI6's headquarters? What bridges were closed during the filming of the film? Who was on set to simulate rain? Where were Fiennes' scenes filmed? At what time of the day did filming on the Thames take place? Where did filming take place in Morocco? What is the Guinness World Record for the largest film stunt explosion? Who was responsible for the Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion"? How long did Spectre take to film? Where was the Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion" held? What is the Guinness World Record for the largest film stunt explosion? How many days did Spectre take to film? Who was responsible for the Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion"? How much was the financial support worth for the film in Mexico City? Who was the producer of 'Skyfall'? Where was the pre-title sequence of 'Skyfall' originally supposed to be shot? Where was the pre-title sequence of 'Skyfall' filmed? Who returned as Spectre's composer? When was the soundtrack album released in the UK? On what label was Spectre's soundtrack released? Who returned as Spectre's composer? On what label was Spectre's soundtrack released? What did Thomas Newman work on during filming of Spectre? When was the theatrical trailer for Spectre released? What is the film's title theme? How long did it take to write the film's title theme? What was the final version of 'Writing's on the Wall'? Who wrote the film's title theme? When was the Bond theme released as a digital download? What was the name of Adele's song that was similar to the Bond theme? Who composed the Bond theme? What band composed a song for the film, which went unused? Who composed the song "Skyfall"? Who composed the Bond theme? What band composed a song for the film, which went unused? Who designed the DB10 for the film? How many DB10s were produced for Spectre? What team carried the 007 logo on their cars at the 2015 Mexican Grand Prix? How many of the DB10 were used in the film? How many DB10s were produced for Spectre? What did Williams F1 carry on their cars for the film? What type of boards did Skyfall release still images of? What was the name of the film that started the trend of releasing clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's social media? What is the name of Eon's official social media account? What was the name of the film that started the trend of releasing clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's social media? What is Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? On what network did the sketch take place? When was the theatrical trailer for Spectre released? When was the first teaser trailer for Spectre released? What is Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Who wrote the sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Where did Spectre's world premiere take place? When was Spectre's world premiere in London? Which movie received a wider release in the UK than Spectre? What movie did Paramount Pictures bring forward the release of to avoid competing with Spectre? What movie did Paramount Pictures bring forward to avoid competing with Spectre? How much has Spectre grossed worldwide? How much of Spectre's money has come from North America? How much money has Spectre grossed worldwide? How much did 'The film gross in its first seven days in the UK? What was the previous UK record for highest first-week opening? What is the highest-grossing IMAX release in the U.K.? How much did 'Avatar' earn in the UK on its opening day? What was the previous UK record for highest first-week opening? What is the highest-grossing IMAX release in the U.K.? What film previously held the record for the best per-screen opening average? What city had the second highest ticket sales of all time? How much above Skyfall's opening? What was the second highest ticket sales of all time in Paris? How much did 'Spectre' earn in South Korea? What was the second highest ticket sales of all time in Paris? What was the top movie of the year in the Netherlands for seven weeks straight? How many IMAX screens did Spectre have? How much did 'Spectre' earn in its opening weekend? How much did 'Spectre' earn on its opening day? What was the first Bond film to gross $90.6 million? How many IMAX screens did Spectre have? What day of the week did Spectre open? When did 'Rogue Nation' open in China? How much did 'Rogue Nation' drop in China? How much did 'Rogue Nation' drop in its second weekend? How much did 'Rogue Nation' earn in China after four weekends? What was the second biggest 2D single day gross for a Hollywood film? How much did 'Rogue Nation' earn in China after four weekends? What is the Metacritic rating for 'Spectre'? How many critics gave the film a rating of 60 out of 100 on Metacritic? What percentage of the reviews on Rotten Tomatoes were positive? What was the CinemaScore score for 'Spectre'? How many of the reviews on Rotten Tomatoes were positive? What is the Metacritic rating for 'Spectre'? Who gave Spectre a five star review in The Daily Telegraph? What website gave Spectre a 7.2 out of 10 score? How many out of five stars did Mark Kermode give Spectre? How many out of five stars did Mark Kermode give Spectre? Who called Spectre the worst 007 movie in 30 years? Who gave the film a perfect 100 score? What was Richard Roeper's grade for 'Spectre'? What was Peter Travers' rating of 'Spectre'? Who wrote that Spectre "backslides on virtually every [aspect]"? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance? What newspaper did Alyssa Rosenberg write for? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance? What is the CBFC in India? What social media platform was critical of the CBFC? Who will play Bond in the sequel to Spectre? When will a sequel to Spectre begin development? When will a sequel to Spectre begin development? When was the Great Sichuan earthquake? What was the name of the earthquake that killed 69,197 people on May 12, 2008? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? When was the Great Sichuan earthquake? What was the magnitude of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? When did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? At what time did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? Along with Beijing, what city felt the Wenchuan earthquake? How far away was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? How long after the main earthquake did aftershocks continue to hit the area? What is another name for the Wenchuan earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? How far away was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? How far away was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? How many people died in the earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? How many people lived in the affected area? How much did the Chinese government say it would spend to rebuild after the earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the earthquake? How many people were missing as of July 21, 2008? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? How many people were estimated to be homeless as a result of the earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the 2008 earthquake? How long did the earthquake last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the May 12, 2008 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? How long did the earthquake last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the May 12, 2008 earthquake? What is the name of the fault along the border of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates? Along with the Indo-Australian Plate, what plate is the Longmenshan fault on the border of? How long did the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture last? How deep was the focus of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture? What is the name of the fault along the border of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates? What is the mid-fracture of the Longmenshan fault called? How long did the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture last? What was the maximum displacement of the Longmenshan fault? When was Geng Qingguo's report sent to the State Seismological Bureau? When was Geng's drought-earthquake correlation theory first released? What type of report was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? What prefecture did Geng Qingguo warn of a possible earthquake? When was the Ngawa Prefecture earthquake? What type of weather did Geng Qingguo try to establish a correlation between? What did the Seismological Bureau deny that it had received? How much displacement did the earthquake cause? Who warned that there is a high risk of a major M>7 aftershock? How much displacement did preliminary rupture models of the earthquake indicate? How long was the fault? How deep was the rupture model of the earthquake? Where did the earthquake increase the stress on the fault? What is the risk of a major M>7 aftershock over the next weeks or months? How many people died in the Great Hanshin earthquake of 1995 in Japan? How many stages did the earthquake occur in? How long was the Longmenshan Fault? What was the cause of the severity of the earthquake? How much more energy was released than the Great Hanshin earthquake of 1995 in Japan? Why did the seismic waves of the earthquake travel a long distance without losing their power? How many aftershocks were recorded? How long after the main quake did the aftershocks last? On what date did the strongest aftershock exceed M6? How many aftershocks were recorded? How many aftershocks were recorded? What was the strongest aftershock? How many aftershocks were recorded? On what date did the strongest aftershock exceed M6? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the cause of the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the name of the earthquake that occurred on August 30, 2008? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the 2008 earthquake in southern Sichuan? What was the name of the earthquake that occurred on August 30, 2008? Who published the map of earthquake intensity? What is the maximum liedu? What was the maximum liedu of XI on the China Seismic Intensity Scale? What was the maximum liedu of XI on the EMS? What is the town closest to the epicenter of the main quake? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What was the average slip on the Beichuan Fault? How long was the surface slip on the Beichuan Fault? What was the average slip on the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? What was the average slip on the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? What is the eastern border of the Longmen Shan Fault System? What is the name of the Fault System that ruptured at least two imbricate structures? What was the average slip on the Beichuan Fault? What was the average slip on the Beichuan Fault? How long was the average slip on the Beichuan Fault? What district was the Jin Mao Tower located in? What did the receptionist at the Tibet Hotel in Chengdu say after they evacuated their guests? How long were workers at the Ford plant evacuated? What airport reopened later on May 12? When did Chengdu Shuangliu Airport reopen? What was the name of the Hong Kong New World Tower? What airport reopened later on May 12? What was disrupted by the evacuation of Chengdu Shuangliu Airport? What was Chengdu Shuangliu Airport used for? Where did reporters say they saw cracks on the walls of some residential buildings? What city hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics? In what county did the cargo train derail? What happened to the petrol tanks on the derailed train? What type of damage was seen in some residential buildings in Chengdu? What type of buildings were evacuated? How many of the Olympic venues were damaged? In what county did the cargo train derail? Why did the train derail? What was damaged in the collapse? What percentage of the buildings in Beichuan County collapsed? What city is home to the Dujiangyan Irrigation System? How many people survived the collapse of Dujiangyan's school? What was damaged in the collapse? What was the result of the damage to the highways? What percentage of the buildings in Beichuan County collapsed? How many chemical plants were in Shifang? How many people survived Dujiangyan's school collapse? Where did copper rise over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected? What metal rose over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected? What commodity dropped over speculations that demand from China would fall? What did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange do? Where did copper rise over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected? What metal rose over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected? What stock exchange suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China? What types of telecommunications were cut to the affected and surrounding area? What was cut to the Sichuan area? How long did it take for telecommunications to be restored? What was cut to the affected area? Where was the internet cut to after the earthquake? Who restored telecommunications after the earthquake? What types of websites were able to be accessed online? What types of websites were able to be accessed online in the region? How many base stations were suspended due to power disruption? How many towers were suspended? How many base stations were suspended due to power disruption? What was one of the reasons for the suspension of China Mobile's base stations? How much of the wireless communications were lost in the Sichuan province? What company's service in Wenchuan was cut off? How many towers were suspended? Where was the Wolong Panda Reserve located? How many giant pandas are in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? How many British tourists returned to Chengdu after the earthquake? How many giant pandas were at the Wolong National Nature Reserve? What is the name of the panda reserve that was home to around 280 giant pandas? How many pandas escaped after their enclosures were damaged? How many security guards were killed at the Wolong National Nature Reserve? What was the name of the panda that was found crushed by a wall in her enclosure? What is the name of the hydropower plant damaged by the earthquake? How far away from the epicenter of the earthquake is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant? How many troops have been allocated to Zipingpu? How many dams were damaged by the earthquake? What is the name of the hydropower plant damaged by the earthquake? How far away from the epicenter of the earthquake was the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant? What was the damage to the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant thought to be? What reservoir is in danger of collapsing? How many dams were damaged by the earthquake? How many people died in the earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan quake? How many people are missing? How many people were injured in the earthquake? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many people died in the Sichuan quake? How many people died in the earthquake? How many people are missing? How many people were injured in the earthquake? What were the earthquake relief workers trying to repair? How many survivors were reported from Yingxiu? Where was the town of Yingxiu located? How many people lived in Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were injured in Beichuan County? How many survivors were reported from Yingxiu? How many people lived in Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were injured in Beichuan County? How many schools were destroyed in Dujiangyan? What type of care is poor in Sichuan? Who said that the public health care system in China is insufficient? What type of health care system in China is insufficient? What did the earthquake hit an area that has been largely neglected and untouched? What type of areas of China have poor health care? What is the health care system in China? What should the government provide to earthquake victims? How many school children died due to shoddy construction? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people died at Beichuan Middle School? How many people died in the collapse of schools in Mianyang city? How many students were buried in a school in Hanwang? What was the main cause of the deaths of school children in China? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people died at Beichuan Middle School? How many people died in the collapse of schools in Mianyang city? How many students died at Juyuan Elementary School? When was the first investigation of school casualties? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? How many students were killed in the earthquake? How many children were disabled as a result of the earthquake? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? Who was the artist and architect who was constantly posting updates on his blog since March 2009? How many students were killed in the earthquake? How many children were disabled as a result of the earthquake? What type of treatment did the Chinese government offer to parents who lost their only children? How many people were without housing after the earthquake? How many people were left without housing as a result of the earthquake? How many animals died in the earthquake? How many people were estimated to be without housing? How many people were left without housing as a result of the earthquake? How many people were left without housing as a result of the earthquake? How many animals died in the earthquake? How many pigs died in the Sichuan province? Who is Reginald DesRoches? What is Reginald DesRoches' profession? When was the Tangshan earthquake? When did the Tangshan earthquake occur? What type of team was dispatched to the region? What was the purpose of the reconnaissance team sent to the region? Why did many buildings fail to withstand the earthquake? What type of team was dispatched to the region to make a preliminary survey of damaged buildings? What was the purpose of the reconnaissance team? Why did many buildings fail to withstand the earthquake? What type of villages were hardest hit by the earthquake? Who is an assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology? Where did the earthquake occur? What were many of the buildings that were built in the rural part of China not designed for? What type of building codes are in China? What type of regulations were not in place for the buildings that were damaged in the earthquake? How much was the estimated economic loss from the Sichuan earthquake? How much damage did the five largest cities in Sichuan suffer? How much was the estimated economic loss from the Sichuan earthquake? What is the costliest natural disaster in Chinese history? How many largest cities in Sichuan were damaged by the earthquake? How many homes were destroyed in Ningqiang County? What was the magnitude of the aftershock that hit northeast of the original earthquake? How many homes were damaged in the Qingchuan County earthquake? How many homes were destroyed in Ningqiang County? How many people were injured in the Ningqiang County aftershock? Where was the epicenter of the May 25 earthquake? Who confirmed that 90,000 people were dead or missing in the earthquake? How many homes were rebuilt? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many schools were rebuilt? Who confirmed that 90,000 people were dead or missing in the earthquake? How many people died or were missing in the earthquake? How many homes were rebuilt? How many homes were under reconstruction? How many households were still without permanent shelter? Who is the Premier of China? What is Wen Jiabao's academic background? What was Wen Jiabao's role in the response to the earthquake? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send? How long after the earthquake did Wen Jiabao fly to the area? How many emergency medical teams were sent to Wenchuan County? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send? Why was it difficult to get help to the rural areas of the province? What is the most serious class of natural disasters? What is the most serious class of natural disasters covered by the Level II emergency contingency plan? When did the National Disaster Relief Commission raise the Level II emergency contingency plan? What is the most serious class of natural disasters? What class of natural disasters does the Level II emergency contingency plan cover? What is the highest level of the National Disaster Relief Commission's emergency contingency plan? Who initiated a "Level II emergency contingency plan"? How many people were on the emergency relief team? How many people were on the emergency relief team? How many people from the Beijing Military Area Command were on the relief team? How many people were from the Armed Police General Hospital? What was the purpose of the team? How many people were on the emergency relief team? How many people from the Beijing Military Area Command were on the relief team? What hospital was part of the emergency relief team? How many military transport planes were used to transport the relief team? What type of engineer is Book Blade? What is the online name of the alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the name of the newspaper that reported on Book Blade? What is the online name of the alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the name of the day that was celebrated on June 1, 2008? Where were the surviving children living? What did the surviving children do on Children's Day? Where did parents go to mourn for their children? On what date is Children's Day? Where were the surviving children living? How much money has been donated to the disaster area? How much did Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much money has been donated to the disaster area? How much did Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much money has China received in aid so far? How many countries have donated money and goods to the rescue efforts? How many international organizations contributed to the rescue efforts? What country was the largest aid donor to China? How much money did Saudi Arabia donate to China? How much money has China received in aid so far? What country was the largest aid donor to China? How many international organizations contributed to the rescue efforts? What was established in 2008? How long did the counterpart support plan last? What was established in 2008? How many provinces are involved in the counterpart support plan? How long did the counterpart support plan last? How much of the province or municipality's budget did the counterpart support plan cost? What could have relaxed the tension between the two sides of the fault? What may have triggered the earthquake? How much more than a year of natural stress from tectonic movement would have caused the earthquake? Who had disregarded warnings about so many large-scale dam projects? What type of area was the Zipingpu Dam in? What have researchers been denied? What did the earthquake provide researchers with opportunities to do? What was the time of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What method was used to predict the time of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What type of data did researchers use to establish a time prediction method? What was Zhang Xiaodong's position in the CEA? What type of methods do not exist to predict earthquakes? What was Zhang Xiaodong's position in the CEA? What was received before the earthquake? What did Gary Gibson say he did not see that could be regarded as having 'predicted'? When did Chen Xuezhong publish his study? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? When did Chen Xuezhong publish his study? What was the magnitude of the Sichuan earthquake in 2002? How long ago was the worst Sichuan earthquake? How long has it been since the worst earthquake to hit the Sichuan area? What was the consensus within the scientific community that earthquake "prediction" is possible? What could be used to better predict earthquakes in the future? What is not yet established science? What Taiwanese fire department was reported to be ready to join the rescue effort? How many Tibetan villagers were stranded in their demolished village for five days? Why was it inconvenient to send rescue teams to the hardest hit areas? What did the Red Cross Society of China recommend instead of other items? What prevented the search and rescue group from reaching Sier? What is the name of the Tibetan village that was stranded for five days? What was one of the major problems that affected rescue efforts? How many helicopters were deployed for the delivery of food, water, and emergency aid? How many troops and militia reservists from the Chengdu Military Region joined the rescue force? How many survivors were found in Yingxiu Town? How many Special Operations Troops parachuted into Mao County? Along with heavy rain and landslides, what caused problems for rescue efforts? How many helicopters were deployed for the delivery of food, water, and emergency aid? How many troops and militia reservists from the Chengdu Military Region joined the rescue force? How many survivors were found in Yingxiu Town? How many people were believed to have survived the earthquake? How many helicopters were ordered to be deployed? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? How many helicopters were to be provided by the civil aviation industry? How many aircraft were deployed in relief operations? How many aircraft were deployed in relief operations? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? What industry provided the helicopters for the relief operation? What was the largest non-combat airlifting operation in the People's Liberation Army history? What was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? What country did the Tzu Chi Foundation come from? When did Beijing accept the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation? What was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? What type of help did China say it would accept? What did China say it would gratefully accept international help to do? What airline chartered a cargo flight from Taiwan to Chengdu? When did the chartered flight depart Taipei? On what date was a rescue team from the Red Cross scheduled to depart Taipei? What type of flight was made by China Airlines to Chengdu? Where did China Airlines send the supplies to Chengdu? Where did China Airlines send relief supplies? What type of rescue team was sent to Chengdu? Where did China Airlines send relief supplies? What type of images did the US share with Chinese authorities? Who did the US share satellite images of the quake-stricken areas with? How many Chinese troops were involved in the rescue effort? On what date did rescue groups from South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Russia and Taiwan arrive to join the rescue effort? What type of images did the US share with Chinese authorities? What type of supplies did the US send to China? How many Chinese troops were involved in the rescue effort? What was extensively used to aid rescue and recovery efforts? What did Xinhua set up to help with disaster recovery? What was the purpose of the online rescue request center? Where did a rescue helicopter crash? What was extensively used to aid rescue and recovery efforts? What news agency set up an online rescue request center? Who proposed a landing spot online? What did the websites help store? On what date did a rescue helicopter crash in Wenchuan county? What did China do on May 12, 2009? Where was the Beichuan county seat located? How long did it take to reopen the Beichuan county seat? What did China do on May 12, 2009? What museum was opened to remind people of the disaster? What type of concerts were held to raise money for the survivors of the quake? What is the purpose of the state earthquake relic museum? What did people donate? What companies set up accounts for people to donate money? Where were the donation booths set up? What type of blood donation resulted in long lines in most major Chinese cities? Where were donation booths set up? How did people donate to the relief effort? How much had the Chinese government allocated for earthquake relief as of May 16? How many tents did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society send to Wenchuan County? How much money did the Red Cross Society of China donate to Wenchuan County? Where did the Red Cross Society of China fly 557 tents and 2,500 quilts? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide? Who flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts to Wenchuan County? How much money has the Amity Foundation earmarked for disaster relief? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide? Who has earmarked US$143,000 for disaster relief? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What did Chinese citizens call the schoolrooms that collapsed during the earthquake? What was the cause of the collapse of the schoolrooms? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What did Chinese citizens call the schoolrooms that collapsed during the earthquake? What would illegal children be registered as for their dead siblings? What was the name of the four-hour program hosted by Bai Yansong? Who was the round-the-clock coverage anchor for The Giving of Love? How much money did the Giving of Love raise? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the victims? What was the name of the music video Jackie Chan made for the victims? What was the name of the four-hour program that CCTV-1 hosted on May 18? How much money did the Giving of Love raise? Who hosted The Giving of Love? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the victims? What was the name of the music video Jackie Chan made for the victims? What did a professor at Peking University say about China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? What type of aid was blocked in Burma during Cyclone Nargis? What did a professor at Peking University say about China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? What western newspaper praised China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? When was the Tangshan earthquake? What are the lakes that formed behind the blockages? How many quake lakes had formed as of May 27, 2008? How many lakes had formed as of May 27, 2008? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? What caused many rivers to be blocked? What are the lakes that formed behind the blockages? How many quake lakes had formed as of May 27, 2008? How many villages had to be evacuated because of the resultant flooding? Where is Mount Tangjia located? How was the most precarious of the quake-lakes accessible? What type of machinery was used to move earth to the affected location? How many people were evacuated from Mianyang by June 1? What was the fear of the dam bursting? What is the name of the most precarious of the quake-lakes? Where is Mount Tangjia located? How many soldiers arrived on site by foot? Who declared a three-day period of national mourning for the quake victims? What was the first time that a national mourning period was declared for something other than a state leader? Who was the last state leader to die before the national mourning period? When did the national mourning period begin? What type of vehicles came to a halt on Beijing's roads? How long was the national mourning period? What event was suspended for the duration of the mourning period? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? What event was suspended for the duration of the mourning period? Where was the relay scheduled to take place? What was scaled down during the mourning period? Where was the next leg of the Olympic torch relay? What color was the home page of Youku and Tudou? What did Sina.com and Sohu remove from their homepages? What type of entertainment websites closed down? What happened in Tiananmen Square after the moments of silence? What casino in Macau closed down after the earthquake? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? How many students were at Sangzao Middle School when the earthquake happened? How many students were at Sangzao Middle School when the earthquake happened? How much money did Ye Zhiping get from the county education department? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? Where is Ye Zhiping's middle school? What county is Sangzao Middle School located in? How long did Ye Zhiping oversee a major overhaul of his school? Why have Chinese prosecutors joined an inquiry into the collapsed schools? What type of checks were to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake? Who has joined an inquiry into the collapsed schools? What type of crime could be investigated? Where were safety checks being carried out after the earthquake? Who reported that Chinese prosecutors have joined an inquiry into ten collapsed schools? What was offered to parents in exchange for signing a document forbidding them from protesting? What type of police broke up protests? Who said they were investigating the collapses? What did officials want parents to sign in order to limit protests? What was offered to parents in exchange for signing a document forbidding them from protesting? What happened to parents who refused to sign the document? What did Chinese officials order the Chinese news media to stop reporting on? Who was detained on June 25, 2008? What was Liu Shaokun being investigated for? What was Liu Shaokun's job? What crime was Liu Shaokun being investigated for? What did Liu do with the photos of collapsed school buildings? Where did Liu Shaokun express his anger? How long was Liu Shaokun ordered to serve in a labor camp? When was Tan Zuoren sentenced to prison? When was Tan Zuoren sentenced to prison? What was Tan Zuoren trying to document? What organization reported that China formally requested the support of the international community? What did foreign nations and organizations offer in response to the earthquake? When did China formally request the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? Who reported that China formally requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? How much did Yao Ming donate to the Red Cross Society of China? How much money has the Red Cross Society of China collected so far? How much money had been donated by May 14? Who has donated the most to the Red Cross Society of China? Who is one of the most popular sports icons in China? How much money has the Red Cross Society of China collected so far? What did Francis Marcus call the Chinese rescue effort? How did China respond to the disaster in Burma? What was Burma's response to Cyclone Nargis? How long did it take for Burma to recover from Cyclone Nargis? What organization is Francis Marcus a member of? What type of footage did all Mainland Chinese television stations replace their cancelled programming with? What station broadcast live earthquake footage for several days after the quake? What happened to Channel V's programming after the earthquake? What was the name of the government in Burma that blocked aid? What scandal caused a decrease in confidence in the Chinese government in Burma? What was the Chinese government's response to the earthquake in Burma? What have parents accused local officials and builders of? What did parents of children lost in collapsed schools complain they had yet to receive? What did censors discourage from being published in the media? What type of media has largely ignored the issue? Who is in charge of the state-controlled media? Who reported that the state-controlled media has largely ignored the issue? Why are "tofu buildings" commonly called " tofu buildings"? What type of reinforcement did builders replace steel rods with? Who did not check to see if the building met national standards? Who have still not been brought to justice? Who are still seeking compensation and justice to what had happened? What did the government threaten parents with? What newspaper reported that parents were warned not to stage a protest? What was the name of the only child that many of the families of the victims lost? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? How many boroughs are in New York City? When was New York City consolidated into a single city? What was the population of New York City in 2014? How many square miles is New York City? How many people live in the Combined Statistical Area? How many boroughs are in New York City? What are the five boroughs of New York City? When was New York City consolidated into a single city? What was the population of New York City in 2014? How many languages are spoken in New York? What was the original name of New York City? What country was New York City originally a trading post for? When did New York cease to be the capital of the United States? When did New York City come under English control? When did New York cease to be the capital of the United States? When was New York City founded? When was New York City founded? When did New York City come under English control? When did New York cease to be the capital of the United States? How many tourists visited New York in 2014? How many stations are in the New York City Subway? What is the name of the financial district of New York City? How many colleges and universities are in New York City's higher education network? What are the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization? What is the name of the island that was split apart by the ice sheet? During what glaciation was New York City situated at the edge of a large ice sheet? What was New York City at the edge of during the Wisconsinan glaciation? What was the Lenape homeland called? When was the first documented visit by a European to New York Harbor? Who was the first European to visit New York Harbor? What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship? What country did Giovanni da Verrazzano claim the area for? What was the name of the area that Giovanni da Verrazzano claimed for France? When was the first documented visit by a European to New York Harbor? What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship? What country did Giovanni da Verrazzano claim the area for? When did Estêvão Gomes arrive in New York Harbor? Who led the Spanish expedition to New York Harbor in 1525? What nationality was Estêvão Gomes? Who was Estêvão Gomes sailing for? What was the name of the caravel that Estêvão Gomes used? What was the name of the Hudson River? What was the name of the first scientific map to show the North American East coast continuously? Who discovered the Hudson River in 1609? What company was Henry Hudson's employer? When was the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay claimed by the Netherlands? How long did Henry Hudson explore the area? What was the name of the river that Henry Hudson named? What company was Henry Hudson's employer? When was the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay claimed by the Netherlands? Who discovered the Hudson River in 1609? Where was Juan Rodriguez born? What was Juan Rodriguez's Dutch name? What was Juan Rodriguez's occupation? What is the name of the street that runs from 159th Street to 218th Street? When did Juan Rodriguez arrive in Manhattan? What was the name of the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? What is the name of the street that runs from 159th Street to 218th Street? On what island was the Dutch fur trading settlement founded? On what island was Fort Amsterdam built? When was construction on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam started on Manhattan Island? Who purchased the island of Manhattan from the Canarsie? When was the island of Manhattan purchased? When did a permanent European presence in New Netherland begin? When was construction on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam started on Manhattan Island? What type of beads are said to have been purchased for $24 in 1626? What was the new name given to New Amsterdam by the English? What was the name of the Duke of York's son? Who surrendered New Amsterdam to the English? What position did Peter Stuyvesant hold in New Netherland? In what year did Peter Stuyvesant surrender New Amsterdam? Who surrendered New Amsterdam to the English? Who was the Prince of Orange? When did Anthonio Colve take over the colony of New York? What was the original name of New York? When did the Dutch return New York to England? Who took over the colony of New York from England? What country did Anthonio Colve return New York to in 1674? Who was the Prince of Orange? During what war did the English gain New Amsterdam in North America? What was the population of the Lenape in 1700? What is the name of the Indonesian island that was given to the Dutch in exchange for New Amsterdam? What was the population of the Lenape in 1700? During what war did the English gain New Amsterdam in North America? What percentage of households in New York had slaves by 1730? What city had the highest percentage of slaves in 1730? Where was the African Burying Ground located? What is the name of the new federal building being built near Foley Square? What city had the highest percentage of slaves in 1730? When was the African Burying Ground discovered? When was John Peter Zenger's trial? Where was the trial of John Peter Zenger held? When was Columbia University founded? Who founded Columbia University? What was the original name of Columbia University? Who was the defendant in the trial that helped establish the freedom of the press in North America? When was Columbia University founded? Where did the Stamp Act Congress meet? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? What is the modern-day borough of Long Island? When was the Battle of Long Island fought? How many escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation? When did the British forces evacuate at the close of the war? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? What is the modern-day borough of Long Island? When did the British forces evacuate at the close of the war? When was the Conference House on Staten Island held? Who was the British general at the Conference House on Staten Island? What was the name of the fire that destroyed about a quarter of the buildings in Lower Manhattan? Where was the Great Fire of New York? What church was destroyed in the Great Fire of New York? Who was the British general at the Conference House on Staten Island? What was the name of the fire that destroyed about a quarter of the buildings in Lower Manhattan? When was New York made the national capital of the United States? Who was the first President of the United States? Where was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? Where was Federal Hall located? What was the largest city in the United States in 1790? What assembly made New York the national capital after the war? What was the capital of the U.S. under the Articles of Confederation? When was George Washington inaugurated? When did New York surpass Philadelphia as the largest city in the US? When was New York State's gradual abolition act passed? Where did the free-black population of New York City develop? Who founded the New York Manumission Society? When was slavery completely abolished in New York State? How many black people lived in Manhattan in 1840? When was New York State's gradual abolition act passed? When was slavery completely abolished in New York State? What was the name of the plan that expanded the city street grid? When was the Erie Canal completed? What political machine was supported by Irish and German immigrants? What was Tammany Hall supported by? When was the Erie Canal completed? What was the first landscaped park in an American city? When was Central Park created? What was the first park in an American city to be landscaped? What brought a large influx of Irish immigrants to New York? How many Irish immigrants lived in New York by 1860? How much of New York's population was Irish in 1860? How much of New York's population was German in 1860? What had disrupted societies in the German provinces? What brought a large influx of Irish immigrants to New York? How many Irish immigrants lived in New York by 1860? Who was the mayor of New York City in 1861? How much was the commutation fee to hire a substitute in the Draft Riots? What was the most visible ethnic group in the Draft Riots of 1863? How many people were killed in the Draft Riots of 1863? What was the black population in Manhattan in 1865? What was burned to the ground during the Draft Riots of 1863? When was the modern City of New York formed? When did the subway open? What part of the Bronx was included in the County of New York in 1898? When did the subway open? In what year did the General Slocum catch fire? How many people were on the General Slocum when it caught fire? What was the name of the garment factory that caught fire in 1911? How many garment workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? What union grew out of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many garment workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many non-white people lived in New York City in 1890? What type of cultural life flourished during Prohibition? How many non-white people lived in New York City in 1890? What was the most populous urbanized area in the world in the 1920s? What was the first megacity in human history? Who was the mayor of New York during the Great Depression? How many years of political dominance did Tammany Hall have? What was the first megacity in human history? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? What city was displaced by New York as the center of the art world? What art style rose in New York after the United Nations Headquarters was completed? What organization's headquarters was completed in 1952? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? When did the Stonewall riots take place? In what neighborhood of Manhattan was the Stonewall Inn located? What was the cause of the Stonewall riots? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? When did New York's population reach an all-time high? In what year did New York's population reach an all-time high? What is the name of the new economic sector that emerged in the city's economy in the 1990s? When did crime rates start to drop dramatically in New York? What caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates in the 1970s? What caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates in the 1970s? What was the name of the plane that was the first to be destroyed in the 9/11 attacks? What was the name of the plane that was destroyed in the 9/11 attacks? How many firefighters were killed in the 9/11 attacks? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How tall is the spire of One World Trade Center? When did the Hudson Terminal open? How many terrorists were on American Airlines Flight 11? What was the name of the plane that was the first to be destroyed in the 9/11 attacks? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Where did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Where is Zuccotti Park located? Where is Zuccotti Park located? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Who founded The National Review? When was The National Review founded? Who was leading in the polls in January 2016? What political party was Donald Trump? In what region of the United States is New York City located? In what part of the US is New York City located? What city is halfway between Washington, D.C. and New York City? What ocean does the Hudson River flow into? What river feeds into the Atlantic Ocean? What river feeds into the Atlantic Ocean? What ocean does the Hudson River flow into? How many islands are in New York City? What state does the Hudson River separate the city from? What is the name of the tidal strait between the East and Hudson Rivers? What is the only fresh water river in the city? What is the name of the bay that the Hudson River flows into? Where is the Hudson River between New York City and Troy? What state does the Hudson River separate the city from? What is the only fresh water river in the city? What is the name of the tidal strait between the East and Hudson Rivers? What was the name of the development that was built in the 1970s and 1980s? What is the total area of New York City? What is the total area of the city? How many square miles of New York City is land? What is the highest point in the city? What is the highest point in the city? What is the total area of New York City? What is the total area of the city? How many square miles of New York City is land? What is the highest point in the city? How many feet above sea level is Todt Hill? What is the name of the oldest building in New York? Where is the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House located? What is the most expensive new office tower in the world? Where is Ground Zero located? When was the oldest section of the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House built? What is the most expensive new office tower in the world? How many skyscrapers were in New York City in 2011? What is the second tallest city in the world? How many high-rise buildings were completed in 2011? When was the Woolworth Building built? How many skyscrapers are taller than 656 feet? What is the second tallest city in the world? How many high-rise buildings were completed in 2011? When was the Empire State Building built? What style of ornamentation is on the 61st floor of the Chrysler Building? Where is the eagles at the corners of the Chrysler Building? What is an example of the international style in the United States? What organization has given the Condé Nast Building an award for its design? What ornamentation is on the 61st floor of the Chrysler Building? When was the Empire State Building built? When was the Chrysler Building built? Where is Riverdale located? Where is Ditmas Park located? Where is Douglaston located? When was the period of rapid expansion in New York City? What architectural style is most common in the Bronx? What type of homes are common in New York's large residential districts? When was the Great Fire of 1835? How many stories were required for water towers in the 1800s? What is an example of an area where garden apartments became popular in the 1920s? What materials became the city's building materials of choice? What is a distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings? When was an updated analysis of seismic hazard in New York City done? How many boroughs would be in the top ten most populous cities in the US? How many boroughs are in New York City? What are the four boroughs that would be in the top ten most populous cities in the US? What type of climate does New York City have? How many days with at least some sunshine are there annually in New York City? How many hours of sunshine does New York City get per year? What type of climate does New York City's suburbs have? What is the coldest month in New York City? What type of climate does New York City have? How many days with at least some sunshine are there annually in New York City? What USDA zone does New York City fall under? What is the name of the mountain range that protects Pittsburgh from colder air in the winter? What is the daily mean temperature in January? What is the average humidity level in Richmond? How many days a year do daytime temperatures in Detroit exceed 90 degrees Fahrenheit? On what date was the hottest temperature ever recorded in Detroit? What was the hottest temperature recorded on July 9, 1936? When was the city's hottest temperature recorded? When was the hottest temperature recorded in Detroit? How much precipitation does New York City receive each year? What is the average winter snowfall in New York City between 1981 and 2010? When did Hurricane Sandy hit New York City? How much precipitation does New York City receive each year? What was the name of the hurricane that hit New York City on October 29, 2012? What is the average winter snowfall in New York City between 1981 and 2010? What is the name of the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation? What is the name of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation? Who operates the New York City park system? What city had the second best park system in 2013? What city had the second best park system in 2013? What city had the second best park system in 2013? How many acres is Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in Jamaica Bay? What is the name of the park that includes Fort Tilden? What is the name of the park in Queens that includes Fort Tilden? What is the name of the Wildlife Refuge in Brooklyn and Queens? How many acres is Gateway National Recreation Area? Who manages the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? What is the name of the General Grant National Memorial? Where is the Stonewall Inn located? What movement was the Stonewall Inn the catalyst for? Who manages the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? In what state is Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? In what state is Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? What is the name of the gay rights movement's catalyst? What is the name of the General Grant National Memorial? How many state parks are in New York City? How many acres is Riverbank State Park? How tall is Riverbank State Park? How many state parks are in New York City? How tall is Riverbank State Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in New York City? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in New York City? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? What is the U.S. military's only active duty installation within the city? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where is Fort Hamilton located? What division of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is Fort Hamilton home to? What is the name of the Transportation Brigade at Fort Hamilton? What is the U.S. military's only active duty installation within the city? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where is Fort Hamilton located? Where is Fort Totten located? How many people lived in New York City as of 2014? What is the second-most-populous U.S. city? How many residents did New York City gain between April 2010 and July 2014? What percentage of New York State's population is in New York City? What percentage of New York State's population is in New York City? How many people lived in New York City as of 2014? What is the second-most-populous U.S. city? What percentage of New York State's population is New York City? What was the estimated population density of Manhattan in 2014? How many people per square mile does Manhattan have? What county in New Jersey is more densely populated than Manhattan? What was the population of Atlantic City in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was black in 2010? What was the fastest growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of the city's population was Hispanic in 2010? How many non-Hispanic white people lived in Atlantic City in 2010? What was the population of Atlantic City in 2010? When was the last time the number of blacks declined over a decade? What was the fastest growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What was the population of blacks in 2010? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? On what side of the city was the term "melting pot" first used? What was the largest immigrant group in New York in 1900? What percentage of the city's population was white in 1940? What was the largest immigrant group in New York City in 1900? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? How many whites lived in New York City in 1940? What percentage of the city's population is foreign born? What is the largest source of foreign-born people in New York? How many Bangladeshi immigrants lived in New York in 2013? What country is the largest source of foreign born people in New York? How much of the city's population is foreign born? What is the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world? What is the name of the original Chinatown in New York? What percentage of New York City's population was Chinese in 2012? What is the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world? What percentage of New York City's population is Japanese? How many European and non-Hispanic white people lived in New York City in 2012? How many Italian Americans lived in Houston in 2012? How many Polish Americans were there in 2012? How many Greek and French Americans lived in Chicago in 2012? Where are Albanian Americans most concentrated? How many European and non-Hispanic white people lived in New York City in 2012? How many people live in the New York City metropolitan area? How many Jewish people lived in New York City in 2012? How much of the nation's Indian Americans live in New York City? How many Hispanics live in New York City? How many Little India enclaves are in New York City? How many Puerto Rican immigrants lived in New York City in 2013? What country was the top source of legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013? Which African countries were the top source of legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? Which Central American countries were the top source of legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? What were the top source countries for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013? How many gay and bisexual people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many days after same-sex marriages were authorized to take place in New York? How many gay and bisexual people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many days after same-sex marriages were authorized to take place in New York? What percentage of New York City residents are Christian? What percentage of New York City's public schoolchildren identify with no organized religious affiliation? How many Jews live in New York City? Where do most Jews live? What religion ranks third in New York City? What is the most prevalently practiced religion in New York? What is the most popular religion in New York City? Where do most Jews live? How many New York City residents identified with no organized religious affiliation in 2014? What religion ranks third in New York City? What is the Gini Coefficient for Manhattan? What is the average weekly wage in New York County? Who was the former Mayor of New York City? What was the density of millionaires per capita in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County (Manhattan) in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County (Manhattan) in 2014? What city had the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world in 2013? What is the name of New York's broad-spectrum high technology sphere? Who published the Global Economic Power Index in 2012? In what year did the Port of New York and New Jersey handle record cargo volume? In what year was the Global Economic Power Index published? How many private sector jobs in the city are with a foreign company? What magazine gave New York City the American Cities of the Future ranking for 2013? What was the total value of all New York City property in 2015? How much was the Time Warner Center worth in 2006? How much did 450 Park Avenue sell for in 2007? What was the record price for an American office building? How many of the top ten zip codes in the US by median housing price were in Manhattan in 2014? What is the property with the highest-listed market value in the city? What was the record-setting price for an office building in June 2007? What is the top global center for the advertising industry? How many people work in New York's fashion industry? How much does the fashion industry provide its employees with in annual wages? What is the name of the global advertising agency based in Manhattan? How many people work in New York's fashion industry? What are the names of the two major advertising agencies based in Manhattan? How many residents work in the food processing industry? How much does the food processing industry employ? Where is the garment industry showing a resurgence? How much does New York City export of chocolate each year? Where is the "Chocolate District" located? Where is Godiva headquartered? What is New York City's leading specialty food export? What is New York City's leading specialty food export? What is one of the largest chocolatiers in the world? How many jobs did the securities industry have in August 2013? How much of the city's tax revenue does the securities industry generate? How much of the city's tax revenue did the securities industry generate in 2012? What is the average salary in New York City? How many percent of the city's total wages are in the securities industry? How many jobs did the securities industry have in August 2013? On what street is the New York Stock Exchange located? How many Broadway is the NASDAQ located? How much did investment banking fees on Wall Street total in 2012? What percentage of New York State's tax revenue was generated by the securities industry in 2013-14? Who ran the London interbank offered rate before NYSE Euronext? On what street is the New York Stock Exchange located? How many Broadway is the NASDAQ located? How many square feet of office space was in Manhattan in 2015? How many square feet of office space does Midtown Manhattan have in 2015? How many square feet of office space was in Manhattan in 2015? Where is Silicon Alley located? Where is Verizon Communications headquartered? How much money was Verizon Communications spending on a fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade in 2014? How many employees did New York City have in the tech sector in 2014? How many employees did New York City have in the tech sector in 2014? What is the name of the institute that Bloomberg chose to build a graduate school of applied sciences on Roosevelt Island? How much money did Bloomberg spend to build Cornell Tech? On what island is Cornell Tech located? How much money did Accelerator raise by mid-2014? How many square feet is the Alexandria Center for Life Science? What is the name of the graduate school of applied sciences being built on Roosevelt Island? How many tourists visited New York City in 2011? How many tourists visited New York City in 2013? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How much did tourism generate in economic impact for New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2013? What is the state song of New York? When was I Love New York first used as an advertising campaign? Who owns the I Love New York logo? What is the state song of New York? When was I Love New York first used as an advertising campaign? What is the state song of New York? Where is the Halloween Parade held? What is the name of the Thanksgiving Day parade? What is the name of the Christmas tree in Rockefeller Center? What is the name of the free event in Central Park in the wintertime? Where is the Unisphere located? How many hotel rooms were in Manhattan at the end of 2014? How much did the number of hotel rooms in Manhattan increase from 2013? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion? How much did Anbang pay for the Waldorf Astoria New York? What was the name of the most expensive hotel ever sold? How many hotel rooms were in Manhattan at the end of 2014? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion? How much did Anbang pay for the Waldorf Astoria New York? How many feature films were produced in New York City in 2012? How many people in New York City are employed by the film industry in 2012? How much money did New York City generate in direct expenditures in 2012? What city was the top North American city for film production in the 2013-2014 cycle? What is the name of one of the top three record labels? What is the largest media market in North America? How many of the world's top eight global advertising agency networks have their headquarters in New York? How many people work in the publishing industry? What newspaper has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? What is the largest national daily newspaper in the U.S.? When was the New York Daily News founded? Who founded The New York Post in 1801? How many consumer magazines have an office in the city? How many consumer magazines have an office in the city? How many national daily newspapers are based in New York? What is the name of the newspaper that has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? When was the New York Daily News founded? What three major American broadcast networks are all headquartered in New York? What is the name of the public broadcast service in New York? What cable network is based in New York? What cable network is based in New York? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the US? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the city's major public television station? What is the largest public radio station in the US? When was WNYC owned by the city? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the US? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the largest public radio station in the US? Who manages the New York City Public Schools system? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools? How many primary and secondary schools are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many specialized high schools are in New York City? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools? How many specialized high schools are in New York City? What organization assists with the setup of new charter schools? How many privately run secular and religious schools are in the city? How many students are enrolled in the City University of New York system? How many Manhattan residents had a postgraduate degree in 2005? What percentage of Manhattan residents have a postgraduate degree? How many institutions are in the CUNY system? How many students are enrolled in New York City's over 120 higher education institutions? What library system has the largest collection of any public library system in the US? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the name of the public library in Brooklyn? What borough of New York City is served by the New York Public Library? What is the name of the corporation that operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City? How many acute care hospitals does HHC operate? How much does the HHC earn in annual revenues? How many uninsured New York City residents are covered by HHC? How many uninsured city residents are served by HHC? When was the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation created? How many nursing homes does HHC operate? What is the oldest public hospital in the US? Who is the president of HHC? What is the oldest public hospital in the US? What is the oldest public hospital in the US? Who is the president of HHC? Where is the Cook County health system located? What is Raju's former job? How many sworn officers are in the NYPD? What is the nickname given to members of the NYPD? What is the largest police force in the US? How many sworn officers are in the NYPD? What is the nickname given to members of the NYPD? How many homicides were there in New York in 2014? How much did violent crime in New York City decrease from 1993 to 2005? What city had a higher crime rate than New York City in 2002? In what year did New York City record fewer than 500 homicides? How many homicides were there in New York in 2014? What percentage of murder victims in 2010 were black or Hispanic? What were the names of the organized crime groups in the Five Points in the 1820s? What was the name of the Mafia group that dominated in the 20th century? What was the name of the area that was dominated by the Five Families in the 20th century? What was the name of the gang that was associated with organized crime in the 20th century? What is the second largest fire department in the world? What is the largest municipal fire department in the US? What is the FDNY's motto? What is the largest municipal fire department in the US? What is the second largest fire department in the world? How many uniformed firefighters does the FDNY employ? How many EMTs and paramedics are employed by the FDNY? What is the FDNY's motto? What is one of the largest subway systems in the world? What type of fires can be found in New York's parks and wooded areas? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the Manhattan/Citywide office? When was New York a center of jazz? When was hip hop created? What was the name of the movement that established the African-American literary canon in the United States? What type of music was popular in New York in the 1940s? What art movement began in New York in the 1950s? What music movement was born in New York in the 1970s? What city is considered the dance capital of the world? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What is another name for abstract expressionism? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What organization ranks New York as the top fashion capital of the world? When did the Broadway musical begin? How many art galleries are in New York City? Along with Broadway, where did New York City theaters feature a new stage form that became known as the Broadway musical? Who was one of the early Broadway musicals influenced by immigrants? How many art galleries are in New York City? What led to elaborate theater productions? How many people attended Broadway shows in 2013-2014? What is another name for Broadway? How much did Broadway shows sell in the 2013-2014 season? How much did Broadway shows sell in 2013-2014? How many people attended Broadway shows in 2013-2014? What was the 2013-2014 season's attendance? How many restaurants are in New York City? How many mobile food vendors are licensed by the city? How many restaurants are in New York City? Who assigns letter grades to the city's 24,000 restaurants? How many mobile food vendors are licensed by the city? When was the Brooklyn Dodgers founded? What are the four most expensive stadiums ever built worldwide? What are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world? When was the Brooklyn Dodgers founded? What league is home to the headquarters of the National Football League? How many professional sports teams does the New York metropolitan area host? How many major professional sports teams has New York played host to? What is the "Capital of Baseball"? How many Major League Baseball World Series have been won by New York teams? What is the "Capital of Baseball"? How many Major League Baseball teams are in New York? How many Major League Baseball World Series have been won by New York teams? How many pennants have been won by New York teams? How many Major League Baseball teams are in New York? How many times have two New York City teams played each other in a World Series? What is the name of the interleague play every regular season that has come to be called? Where do the Giants and Jets play their home games? In what year did MetLife Stadium host Super Bowl XLVIII? What is the name of the NFL team in New York City? Where do the Giants and Jets play their home games? In what state is MetLife Stadium located? What Super Bowl did MetLife Stadium host in 2014? In what year did MetLife Stadium host Super Bowl XLVIII? Which two teams represent the city in the National Hockey League? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? What league do the New York Islanders belong to? What team plays in the National Hockey League? What are the names of the two NBA teams in New York? What is the name of the city's Women's National Basketball Association team? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held in New York? What is the name of the city's Women's National Basketball Association team? What was the name of the first national college-level basketball championship? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held in New York? What is the name of the NBA team in New York? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is the name of the annual track and field meet held in New York? What is the name of the last of the Triple Crown races? When did New York host the PGA Championships? Where is the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held each year? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is one of the world's four Grand Slam tennis tournaments? How many people finished the New York Marathon in 2006? What is the name of the annual track and field meet held in New York? Where is the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held each year? What is the street version of baseball? What street in the Bronx was renamed in the late 2000s to memorialize Stickball? Where is Stickball Boulevard located? What is the largest rapid transit system in the world? How many stations does the New York City Subway have? What is another name for Grand Central Terminal? How many passengers used the New York City Subway in 2014? What is another name for Grand Central Terminal? How long does it take to get to work in New York City? What percentage of New York City residents commute to work using mass transit in 2005? How many Manhattanites own a car? What percentage of New York City residents commute by mass transit in 2005? What percentage of New York City commuters drive automobiles to work? How long does it take to get to work in New York City? What percentage of households in the US do not have a car? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What is the name of the main intercity bus terminal in New York City? How many buses does the Port Authority Bus Terminal have? How many commuters use the Port Authority Bus Terminal daily? What is the name of the main intercity bus terminal in New York City? What is the busiest airport in the New York metropolitan area? What is the busiest airport in the New York metropolitan area? What was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America in 2011? Where is Stewart International Airport located? How many travelers used the three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area in 2012? What is the world's busiest ferry? How many hours a day does the Staten Island Ferry run? How long is the Staten Island Ferry? What is the name of the other ferry system that shuttle commuters between Manhattan and other locales within the city? How many passengers does the Staten Island Ferry carry? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is an icon of the city itself? When was the Brooklyn Bridge built? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What county is the George Washington Bridge in? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is the architectural style of the Brooklyn Bridge? When was the Brooklyn Bridge built? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? When did the Holland Tunnel open? When was the Queens-Midtown Tunnel completed? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? How many vehicles does the Lincoln Tunnel carry each day? What river is the Lincoln Tunnel under? What is the name of the tunnel that connects New York City's outer boroughs to New Jersey? What was the first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel in the world? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? How many daily cyclists are there in New York City? How many daily cyclists are there in New York City? How much of all trips in the city are made by walk and bicycle? What bank sponsored the introduction of 10,000 public bicycles for the city's bike-share project in 2013? What university conducted research on New York City's bike-share project? What is the name of the walkable large city in the US? What watershed provides New York City with drinking water? What mountain range provides New York City with drinking water? How much is the Croton Watershed's water purification plant projected to cost? How much water will the Croton Watershed purification plant add to New York City's water supply daily? What percentage of New York City's water supply is being increased by the Croton Watershed's water purification plant? Where is the Croton Watershed? How many council members are there? How many consecutive terms are there for a mayor and council member? How long are the terms of the mayor and council? How many council members are there? How many consecutive terms are there for a mayor and council member? What is the name of the official journal of New York City? How long are the terms of the mayor and council? What party holds the majority of public offices in New York City? What percentage of New York City's registered voters are Democrats? Who was the first presidential candidate to receive more than 80% of the overall vote in New York City? When did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? Who won the five boroughs in 1924? What party holds the majority of public offices in New York City? What percentage of New York City's registered voters are Democrats? When did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? How many boroughs are in New York City? What political party has not won the five boroughs in a presidential election since 1924? How many licensed physicians were practicing in New York City in 2012? On what island is the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology venture located? How many Nobel laureates have roots in New York City? How many admissions does the HHC provide to New York City each year? How many emergency room visits does the HHC provide to New Yorkers each year? How many emergency room visits does the HHC provide to New Yorkers each year? How much of all general hospital discharges do HHC facilities treat? What percentage of emergency room and hospital-based clinic visits in New York City do HHC facilities treat? What was removed from American gasoline in the 1970s? What was the name of the epidemic that ended in the mid-20th century? Who said, "Culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather"? Where was the book about New York, culture capital of the world published? What college describes New York City as the cultural capital of the world? What country has a consulate in New York City? Where is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? On what side of Manhattan is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? Where is the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute located? Where is the Tisch School of the Arts based? What park hosts free plays and music? What is the name of the section of Fifth Avenue that contains one of the densest displays of culture in the world? Where is the Museum Mile located? When was the Guggenheim built on the Museum Mile? When did the Museum at 110th Street open? On what side of Manhattan is the Museum Mile located? What is another name for the New York dialect? What 1970s sitcom featured Archie Bunker? Who played Archie Bunker on All in the Family? What is the traditional New York city name? What is the name of the Major League Soccer team that plays its home games at Yankee Stadium? Where do the New York City FC play their home games? Where is Red Bull Arena located? What famous soccer player played for the New York Cosmos? Where do the New York Cosmos play their home games? How much of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area? How many rail lines are in New York City's commuter rail network? How many rail lines are in New York City's commuter rail network? What airport does the AirTrain people mover system connect to? What is the busiest station on the West Side of Manhattan? Where is Pennsylvania Station located? How many rapid transit systems in the world operate on 24-hour schedules? What is the name of the rapid transit system in Philadelphia that operates 24 hours a day? What other rapid transit system in the world operates 24 hours a day? What is the name of the train that connects Midtown and Lower Manhattan to northeastern New Jersey? What is the name of the subway project in New York City that is under construction? How many yellow taxicabs are in New York City? What is the name of the island between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan? What is an example of a national industry in New York? What is an example of a national industry in New York City? What is an example of an industry that uses Broadway, Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and Seventh Avenue as an example? 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How long is Newtown Creek? How many gallons of oil was spilled in the Greenpoint oil spill? What was the name of the oil spill that occurred in Newtown Creek? What form of government does New York City have? When was New York City consolidated? What is the name of the second department of the Supreme Court? Which borough hosts the First Department of the Supreme Court, Appellate Division? What type of courts are not part of the state Unified Court System? Where is the US Court of International Trade based? What is the name of the district court that includes Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island? Where is the main courthouse for the Southern District of New York? What is the name of the district court that has jurisdiction over the Bronx? Where is the US Court of International Trade based? In what city are four of the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions? What ZIP code generated the most money for George W. Bush and John Kerry's 2004 presidential campaigns? How much money does New York send to the federal government for every $1 it sends in taxes? How much more money does New York send to the state of New York than it receives back each year? How much more money does New York send to the state of New York than it receives back? What was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. renamed to in 2006? When was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. restructured? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? What award did 'To Kill a Mockingbird' win? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? Who did the author of 'To Kill a Mockingbird' write about? In what country is To Kill a Mockingbird widely taught in schools? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird? What is one of the main themes of To Kill a Mockingbird? In what part of the US is 'To Kill a Mockingbird' set? What type of epithets are often used in To Kill a Mockingbird? Who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird? When did British librarians rank 'To Kill a Mockingbird' ahead of the Bible? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' made into a film? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' adapted into a movie? Who directed the film version of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? What book did British librarians say every adult should read before they die? Who wrote the screenplay for 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Who directed the film version of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Where is Harper Lee's hometown? When did Lee die? What was the name of the book that was published on July 14, 2015? What was the name of the book that was published on July 14, 2015? When was Go Set a Watchman published? When did Lee die? Who was the editor at J. B. Lippincott? What was the name of the editor at J. B. Lippincott who advised Lee to quit the airline and concentrate on writing? What was Harper Lee's job in New York City? Who was the editor at J. B. Lippincott? What year was Harper Lee born? Who was the editor at J. B. Lippincott? What college did Harper Lee attend? Where did Harper Lee study law? Who was the editor of the magazine that bought Harper Lee's manuscript? What was the original title of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? What was Therese von Hohoff Torrey's professional name? Who was Tay Hohoff professionally known as? What illness did Lee's mother suffer from? What was Lee's father's occupation? What was Lee's father's occupation? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? How long did Lee spend writing To Kill a Mockingbird? Which publication chose to reprint the book in part? What county is Maycomb located in? How many years of the Great Depression does the book take place? How many summers of friendship do Jem and Scout have with Dill? What is the name of the boy who visits Maycomb to stay with his aunt each summer? What county is Maycomb located in? During what time period does the book take place? Who is the main character in the book? Who is Tom Robinson accused of raping? What is the name of the man accused of raping Mayella Ewell? Who are the three children who shame the mob into dispersing? Who did Atticus not want to be present at Tom Robinson's trial? Where do Jem and Scout watch Tom Robinson's trial? Where do Jem, Scout, and Dill watch Tom Robinson's trial? How did Tom Robinson die? Which two children are attacked by Bob Ewell while walking home? What is the name of the Halloween pageant that Jem and Scout attend? What is the name of the mysterious man who carries Jem home? Who vows revenge on Tom Robinson's widow? What is the name of the mysterious man who carries Jem home? Who argues with Atticus about charging Jem or Boo? How did Bob Ewell die? What type of book is To Kill a Mockingbird? In what year did Amasa Coleman Lee defend two black men accused of murder? How old was Lee when his mother died? What position did Lee's father hold in the Monroeville newspaper? Where did Capote live when he was a child? When did Capote and Lee travel to Kansas together to investigate multiple murders? What was the name of Capote's nonfiction novel? Who did Lee model the character of Dill on? What type of typewriter did Lee and Capote write their stories on? What did Capote call Lee and Dill? How old was Lee when she was accused of rape? Who was the black man accused of raping Lee? Who is considered a model for Tom Robinson? What movement was Emmett Till's death credited as a catalyst for? What type of prejudices did the Scottsboro Boys case display? Who is considered a model for Tom Robinson? Along with satire and irony, what is another way that Lee uses humor? Along with parody and satire, what type of humor is used in the book? Where does Jem lock a Sunday school classmate? Who is the black housekeeper in 'The Help'? How does Scout feel when she falls asleep during the Halloween pageant? What is the name of the costume that saves Scout's life? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird considered to be? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird considered to be? Who does Scout reveres as an authority? Who did Jem say was like a caterpillar wrapped in a cocoon? Along with race, what is one of the separations in 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? When was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? What was the main topic of the second part of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Who did the jurors in Tom Robinson's trial support? How many times was Tom Robinson shot? What was the punishment for a black male in To Kill a Mockingbird who hinted at sexual contact with white females? What type of farmers were on the jury that convicted Tom Robinson? How many times was Tom Robinson shot? What type of dog does Carolyn Jones argue that the dog represents prejudice in Maycomb? What does Atticus have to fight against in Maycomb? Who is the black cook at the Finch home? Who suggests that Calpurnia be fired? Who did Scout embarrass? Who did Lee say she wanted to be like? What did both Austen and Lee value over social standing? What was the main class of the Cunninghams in 'Ewells'? Along with gender and class, what issue did Lee show how prejudice can intensify? What do the children internalize Atticus' admonition not to judge until they have walked around in someone's skin? What drug did Mrs. Dubose have an addiction to? Who teaches Jem one of the most significant lessons of courage? What is one of the most significant lessons that Atticus teaches Jem? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? What is one of the most important lessons of the book? Who testified in the trial of Boo Radley? Who are Scout's primary female models? Who are Scout's primary female models? Who chastises Scout for not wearing a dress and camisole? What is Scout becoming in the novel? Who molested Scout's daughter? Who stands apart as a unique model of masculinity? Who was exiled by society for having interracial children? What is Charles Lamb's profession? What type of clothes did Scout refuse to wear? What type of bird is a key motif in the novel? What is the last name of the Finch family? What is the titular bird of the novel? What is the titular bird of the novel? What is the titular bird of the novel? What did Edwin Bruell write in 1964? What book club made Lee's book widely available? What book club made Lee's book widely available? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird have been sold? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird have been sold? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? What are the names of the three main characters in the book? Who wrote Scout, Atticus, and Boo? What are the names of the three main characters in the book? What did Morris Dees become after reading 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? What was Atticus Finch's model for the legal profession? When was a monument to Atticus erected in Monroeville? What organization erected a monument to Atticus in 1997? What did Lee receive in 2008? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' first studied in a classroom? How many of the 100 most frequently challenged books of 2000-2009 were To Kill a Mockingbird? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' first studied in a classroom? How many of the 100 most frequently challenged books of 2000-2009 were To Kill a Mockingbird? When did a parent in Hanover, Virginia object to the use of rape as a plot device? What did a parent in Hanover, Virginia think the book was immoral because of the use of? Who did Mayella Ewell have an attraction to? What was the second book to receive the most complaints from private organizations? What movement is closely associated with Uncle Tom's Cabin? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? Who claimed that Capote had written almost all of the book? Who wrote on the dust jacket of the first edition of Lee's book that "Someone rare has written a fine first novel"? What was the name of Lee's older sister? Who wrote on the dust jacket of the first edition of Lee's book that "Someone rare has written a fine first novel"? Who wrote the notes that refuted the claim that Capote wrote the book? When was To Kill a Mockingbird awarded the Pulitzer Prize? How many weeks did To Kill a Mockingbird spend on the bestseller list in 1961? When did "To Kill a Mockingbird" win the Paperback of the Year award from Bestsellers magazine? When did Harper Lee begin to turn down interviews? What award did To Kill a Mockingbird win in 1961? When did Harper Lee begin to turn down interviews? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' inducted into the Alabama Academy of Honor? How many communities had chosen To Kill a Mockingbird for variations of the citywide reading program? What city's mayor chose To Kill a Mockingbird as the first title of a reading program? What city's mayor chose To Kill a Mockingbird as the first title of a reading program? How many communities had chosen To Kill a Mockingbird for variations of the citywide reading program? What university awarded Lee an honorary doctorate in 2006? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? When was To Kill a Mockingbird awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom? What university awarded Lee an honorary doctorate in 2006? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? When was 'The book' made into a film? Who played Atticus Finch? Who played Atticus Finch? What did Harper Lee give Peck for his performance in 'Atticus'? What is Peck's grandson's name? What did Harper Lee give Peck for his performance in 'Atticus'? What is Peck's grandson's name? When did Lee make an uncharacteristic appearance at the Los Angeles Public Library? What did Veronique say of Lee? Who wrote the play that is based on the book? When did 'The Literary Capital of Alabama' debut? What town is known as "The Literary Capital of Alabama"? Who make up the cast of the play? How is the audience segregated in the play? In what country did the play begin in 2006? Where did the play open in 2013? Who starred as Atticus Finch in the 2011 York Theatre Royal production? When was Go Set a Watchman released? When was the first draft of Go Set a Watchman completed? How many years after To Kill a Mockingbird was Go Set a Watchman set? Who discovered the Watchman manuscript? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird that was released in 2015? When was the first draft of Go Set a Watchman completed? How many years after To Kill a Mockingbird was Go Set a Watchman set? What is one of the main issues of the novel? Who is the protagonist of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? What is the strongest element of Lee's style? What narrative technique did Lee use to play intricately with perspectives? What is the heritage of all Southerners? Where did the children feel safety and comfort in? What type of regionalism is the book described as? What is Scout's definition of "fine folks"? What part of the book drives the plot more than the characters? Who states about a character who was misunderstood, "when they finally saw him, why he hadn't done any of those things? Who does Christopher Metress connect the mockingbird to? What did Atticus think of Tom Robinson? What type of tragedy does R. A. Dave say 'The book takes on elements of? What newspaper wrote that "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel of strong contemporary national significance"? Who said the book was "melodramatic and contrived"? Who said that the book does all right for a child's book? Who wrote about racism as an inevitability? Who did Rosemary Goring compare Lee to? Who wrote that 'To Kill a Mockingbird' is a "sugar-coated myth" of Alabama history? Who wrote that justice must always be founded upon the notion of equality and fairness for all? Who is an updated version of the "contented slave" motif? What group of students found the novel "demoralizing"? What type of stereotyping did Michael Lind say the novel indulges in? What do children in the South face when they are faced with racial cognitive dissonance? What does McWhorter consider To Kill a Mockingbird to be? What do people quote lines from 'Mockingbird' like? What do the residents of Monroeville call the Mockingbird groupies? What is the source of solar energy? What is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed using? What are some of the technologies used to harness solar energy? What is solar energy? How much incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? What percentage of incoming solar radiation is reflected back to space? What is the average insolation level per square meter? How much incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? How much of the incoming solar radiation is reflected? What is the average insolation level per square meter? What is absorbed by clouds, oceans, and land masses? How much of the globe is covered by the oceans? What is the average temperature of the Earth's surface? What is the process by which green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? How much of the globe is covered by the oceans? What causes atmospheric circulation or convection? What happens when the air reaches a high altitude? What amplifies convection? What is the process by which green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? How much solar energy is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses per year? How much energy does the Earth use in one hour? How many exajoules of EJ does photosynthesis capture per year? How much energy does the Earth use in one hour? How much solar energy is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses per year? How much energy does photosynthesis capture per year? What are some of the non-renewable resources on Earth? Where do all renewable energies derive their energy from? What are the two types of solar technologies? How do solar technologies capture, convert and distribute sunlight? What are the only renewable energies that derive their energy from the sun? How do all renewable energies derive their energy from the sun? What type of solar techniques use photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, solar thermal collectors, pumps, and fans? What type of technology reduces the need for alternate resources and is generally considered demand side technologies? What type of collectors are used to convert sunlight into useful outputs? What is a passive solar technique? What does active solar technologies increase? What do passive solar techniques reduce the need for? Who built a demonstration solar engine in 1897? When did Shuman form the Sun Power Company? When did Shuman patent his solar engine system? What was Frank Shuman's career? In what year did Frank Shuman build a demonstration solar engine? What type of engine did Shuman build in 1912? When did Shuman form the Sun Power Company? When did Shuman patent his solar engine system? Where was the first solar thermal power station built? How much water did Shuman's plant pump per minute? When was Shuman's design resurrected? Where was the first solar thermal power station built? What type of troughs did Shuman's plant use? What river was the source of water for Shuman's power station? What caused the decline of solar energy in the 1930s? When was Shuman's design resurrected? What percentage of domestic hot water use can be provided by solar heating systems? What does solar hot water systems use to heat water? What percentage of domestic hot water is provided by solar heating systems in low geographical latitudes? What is the most common type of solar water heaters? What type of collectors are used to heat swimming pools? What was the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems as of 2007? Which two countries are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems as of 2007? What country is the world leader in deployment of solar hot water systems? What percentage of homes in Israel and Cyprus use solar hot water systems? Along with the United States, Canada and Australia, what country uses solar hot water to heat swimming pools? How much of the energy used in residential buildings is from HVAC systems? How much of the energy used in commercial buildings is from HVAC? How much of the energy used in residential buildings is from HVAC? What can be used to offset a portion of the energy used in residential buildings? What is a material that can be used to store heat? What is a material that can be used to store? What are some common thermal mass materials? What does thermal mass do during the day? In what type of climate is stone used to store heat? What does thermal mass reduce the need for? What type of ventilation is a solar chimney? What type of ventilation system is a solar chimney? What is the vertical shaft of a solar chimney? How can performance of a solar chimney be improved? During what season of the year do bare limbs allow light to pass through? What type of trees have been promoted as a means of controlling solar heating and cooling? How much of incident solar radiation do bare, leafless trees shade? Why should deciduous trees not be planted on the Equator facing side of a building? On what sides of a building can deciduous trees be used to provide a degree of summer shading without affecting winter solar gain? When was the box cooker first built? What is the maximum temperature of a reflector cooker? What do solar cookers use for cooking? What are the three broad categories of solar cookers? Who built the first solar cooker in 1767? What is the typical temperature of a box cooker? What do reflector cookers require to function properly? How many parabolic dishes were used in the first commercial system? What is the short payback period of transpired collectors? What is an example of a solar concentrating technology? Where was the first commercial solar system built? What is one of the oldest applications of solar energy? What is an example of a clothing item that can be dry by evaporation? What are transpired collectors used for? When was the first large-scale solar distillation project constructed? What can be used to make saline or brackish water potable? When was the first recorded instance of solar distillation? When was the first large-scale solar distillation project constructed? How much water did the Las Salinas plant produce per day? What is the most economical for decentralized domestic purposes? What organization recommends SODIS as a viable method for household water treatment? How long does SODIS last? What is SODIS recommended as a viable method for? How many people in developing countries use SODIS for their daily drinking water? What can algae produce in a water stabilisation pond that makes it unusable? What is a benefit of using solar energy in a water stabilisation pond? What can algae produce in a water stabilisation pond that makes it unusable? By what year is solar power expected to be the world's largest source of electricity? By what year is solar power expected to be the world's largest source of electricity? Where is the largest solar power plant in the world? In what year did solar generate less than 1% of the worlds total grid electricity? What is the largest CSP plant in the world? Where is the largest solar power plant in the world located? Where is the Charanka Solar Park located? Who constructed the first solar cell? When was the crystalline silicon solar cell created? What has photovoltaics evolved from? What is a solar cell? Who constructed the first solar cell? Who developed a photo cell using silver selenide in place of copper oxide? Who created the crystalline silicon solar cell in 1954? What is heated by the concentrated sunlight? What is used to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam? What is the concentrated heat used for? What is one of the most developed concentrating technologies? What is heated by the concentrated sunlight? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What is a common feature of passive solar architecture? What is a benefit of passive solar architecture? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What is an example of active solar equipment that can complement passive design? What are metropolitan areas with higher temperatures than that of the surrounding environment called? How much would a "cool communities" program in Los Angeles reduce urban temperatures by? What are metropolitan areas with higher temperatures than that of the surrounding environment called? What materials have lower albedos and higher heat capacities than the natural environment? What is one way to counter the UHI effect? What did French and English farmers use during the Little Ice Age? What do vinters use the energy generated by solar panels to power? What do agriculture and horticulture seek to optimize the capture of solar energy for? What can improve crop yields? What did French and English farmers use to maximize solar energy during the Little Ice Age? What did fruit walls do for plants during the Little Ice Age? When were primitive greenhouses first used? When were the first modern greenhouses built? What do greenhouses convert solar light to? What is one benefit of using greenhouses? Who was Tiberius? Where were the first modern greenhouses built? What is the name of the biannual solar-powered car race? What was the winner's average speed in 2007? What is the World Solar Challenge? When was the World Solar Challenge founded? What was the winner's average speed in 1987? What was the winner's average speed in 2007? What is the name of the planned competition that reflects an international interest in the engineering of solar powered vehicles? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? Who made the first solar powered crossing of the Pacific Ocean? What was the name of the catamaran that made the first solar powered crossing of the Atlantic Ocean? What was the altitude of the Solar Riser? What is the name of the electric aircraft that is currently circumnavigating the globe? When did the AstroFlight Sunrise plane make its first solar flight? When did the Solar Riser make its first flight? When did the Solar Challenger cross the English Channel? Where did Eric Scott Raymond fly from in 1990? How long can the Solar Impulse remain airborne? What is a feasible alternative to carbon-based fuels? What uses solar energy to drive chemical reactions? What process is used to produce a variety of fuels? What process uses a 1 MW solar furnace to decompose zinc oxide at temperatures above 1,200 °C? What is produced by the Solzinc process? What has been a significant area of solar chemical research since the 1970s? What type of process splits water into oxygen and hydrogen at high temperatures? What process uses a 1 MW solar furnace to decompose zinc oxide at temperatures above 1,200 °C? What can thermal mass systems store solar energy in? What type of system can store solar energy in the form of heat at domestically useful temperatures? What materials are used in Thermal mass systems? What does a well-designed thermal mass system reduce? What type of storage media is paraffin wax? What was the first to use Glauber's salt heating system? What is an example of a phase change material? What is the domestic temperature of Glauber's salt? What was the first home to use Glauber's salt heating system? Why is molten salt an effective storage medium? How many terajoules of energy can the Solar Two store? What do off-grid PV systems use to store excess electricity? What do off-grid PV systems use to store excess electricity? What program gives household systems a credit for any electricity they deliver to the grid? What happens when a home produces more electricity than it consumes? Most standard meters accurately measure in what direction? What does the pump become when demand is high? When is water pumped when energy is available? What is the pump used for when demand is high? When was the oil embargo? What caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world? What was the name of the program in Japan that focused on incentive programs? What is SERI's current name? What was the name of the Japanese research facility that was formed in response to the 1973 oil embargo? What is the name of the German research facility that was formed in response to the 1973 oil embargo? When did solar water heaters stop being used in the United States? What is the growth rate of solar water heating since 1999? When did commercial solar water heaters begin appearing in the US? Why did interest in solar water heating decline in the 1980s? What is the growth rate of solar water heating since 1999? What is the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling in 2007? What organization has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? What organization has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? What does ISO 9050 relate to? What type of heaters are ISO 10217 standards related to? What is the name of the standard that relates to glass in building? What is the name of the standard that relates to the materials used in solar water heaters? What are two types of solar technologies? What is an example of an active solar technique? What is a passive solar technique that involves orienting a building to the sun? What was the total world energy consumption in 2012? What is the annual potential of solar energy? What makes solar energy a highly appealing source of electricity? Who conducted the 2000 World Energy Assessment? How will the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies benefit countries? What is one of the main benefits of using solar energy? What type of investments need to be widely shared? What will the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies keep fossil fuel prices lower? What limits the amount of solar energy that we can acquire? What area of the Earth has a greater amount of solar radiation? What type of solar panels can follow the position of the sun? During what time of the day is there little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth? What does clouds block from the sun? What type of land is suitable for solar panels? What has been found to be a suitable place for solar cells? What factors were taken into account in the 2000 estimate? What is the global potential of solar energy per year? What is the conversion of sunlight into electricity? What is another name for photovoltaics? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight? What does CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam? What effect does PV use to convert light into electric current? What has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history? Along with the Greeks, who first used solar architecture? Where did the Greeks and Chinese orient their buildings? What is the color of a solar balloon? What happens to the air in a solar balloon when sunlight shines on it? What is the main market for solar balloons? What is the surface-area to payload-weight ratio of a solar balloon? What was the reason for the early development of solar technologies? What factors caused development of solar technologies to stagnate in the early 20th century? When could solar energy technologies provide a third of the world's energy? What could play a key role in de-carbonizing the global economy? What empire ruled the area before Tajikistan? What is the name of the civilization that ruled the area of Sarazm in the Bronze Age? What ancient city was in Tajikistan during the Neolithic and Bronze Age? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? When did the civil war in Tajikistan end? What is the name of the civilization that ruled the area of Sarazm in the Bronze Age? What empire ruled the area before Tajikistan? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? When did the civil war in Tajikistan end? When did Tajik citizens begin to be conscripted into the Soviet Army? How many Tajik citizens fought in World War II? How many Tajik citizens died in World War II? What areas of Tajikistan lagged behind the other Soviet Republics? What were the factions of the civil war in Tajikistan distinguished by? How much of ministerial positions did the ceasefire guarantee to the opposition? Who won the election in 1992? Why did people flee Tajikistan during the civil war? What troops were stationed along the Tajik-Afghan border until summer 2005? Where are French troops stationed? Where is Ayni Air Base located? What type of missions do the US Army and Marine Corps conduct in Tajikistan? How many Tajik soldiers were killed in the ambush in the Rasht Valley? What year did STRATFOR report that Russia would send more troops to Tajikistan? When was the military operation in the Rasht Valley concluded? How many militants escaped from a Tajik prison in August of 2010? What is the official name of Tajikistan? Who is the Prime Minister? Who are the two Deputy Prime Ministers of Tajikistan? When did Emomalii Rahmon become President of Tajikistan? What party has a vast majority in Tajikistan's parliament? What type of press outlets remain restricted? What type of criticism is not tolerated? What type of protest is severely suppressed? What type of websites are blocked in Eritrea? What is the smallest nation in Central Asia by area? What is the name of the mountain range in Tajikistan? Where is Dushanbe located? What latitudes does Tajikistan mostly lie between? Where is Dushanbe located? What was the name of a pre-Islamic tribe? What does Tajikistan mean? What is the Persian word for "stan"? Why is it difficult to definitively state the origins of the word "Tajik"? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese briefly control the region? Who controlled Khorasan in 710? When did the Samanid Empire rule? What was the region of Iran known as? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese briefly control the region? Who controlled Khorasan in 710? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese briefly control the region? When did the Samanid Empire rule? Who controlled Khorasan in 710? When did the Samanid Empire rule? What was the region of Iran known as? What was the region of Iran known as? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese briefly control the region? When did the Umayyads take control of Khorasan? Which Khanate conquered Transoxania? What empire ruled the region from 819 to 999? During what century was the Russian Empire's conquest of Central Asia? Who controlled the Tajikistan portion of Russian Turkestan? What was Russia interested in gaining access to? When did Russia take control of the entire territory of Russian Turkestan? Who ruled Tajikistan in 1885? What did the Jadidists establish themselves as? Who viewed the Jadidists as a threat? When did the uprisings against the Khanate of Kokand occur? What was the threat of forced conscription during World War I? What were the guerrillas in Central Asia known as? What was the goal of the basmachi? Who won the war against basmachi? Along with Islam, Judaism, and Christianity, what religion was discouraged and repressed? What was created as a part of Uzbekistan in 1924? Where did cotton production increase the most in Tajikistan? What type of production increased in the southern region? What did the Soviet collectivization policy bring to peasants? Who directed the purges in Tajikistan? How many people were expelled from the Communist Party of Tajikistan? Who were sent in to replace the expelled people? What was the percentage of Russians in Tajikistan between 1926 and 1959? What was the top position in the Communist Party of Tajikistan? How many seats did the PDPT lose in 2010? What was the main accusation against President Emomalii Rahmon? What did the OSCE say the 2010 elections failed to meet? What did the Tajik government insist about the election violations in 2010? Where is Tajikistan located? How many people live in Tajikistan? How large is Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the east? What is the name of the narrow corridor between Tajikistan and Pakistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the east? How many people lived in Tajikistan in 2013? How large is Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? What country borders Tajikistan to the west? When was the earliest recorded history of the region? What empire was most of modern Tajikistan a part of? Who conquered the Zeravshan valley? What tribes made up the Kushan Empire? When did the Arabs bring Islam to Central Asia? What empire was a collection of nomadic tribes? Along with Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and Manichaeism, what religion was practiced in the region? What was the GDP of Tajikistan in 2000-2007? What is the main source of income in Tajikistan? How much of Tajikistan's agricultural output is cotton? What is the biggest aluminium plant in Central Asia? Who has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports? What type of potential does the Vakhsh and Panj rivers have? What is the highest dam in the world? How much electricity will CASA 1000 transmit from Tajikistan to Pakistan? How much per day does 20% of the population live on? How much money did Tajik labour migrants send home in 2010? What is Tajikistan's main commodity of comparative advantage? What has played an important role as one of the drivers of Tajikistan's robust economic growth? What type of opium is raised locally for the domestic market? Along with the US, Russian, EU and Afghan authorities, who is helping Tajikistan fight drug trafficking? How many kilograms of raw opium were confiscated in the first half of 2006? What is UNODC working with Tajikistan to strengthen? What is the main form of transportation in Tajikistan? What countries has Tajikistan been trying to get port access to? Who signed an agreement in 2009 to improve and build a 1,300 km highway and rail system connecting Tajikistan to Pakistan's ports? In what year did the presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran sign an agreement to construct roads and railways? How many airports did Tajikistan have in 2009? What is the main airport in Tajikistan? What country is the main airport of Tajikistan? What is the only domestic airport in the eastern half of Tajikistan? What is the population of Tajikistan? What percentage of the population of Tajikistan is under the age of 30? What percentage of the population of Tajikistan is under the age of 30? What is the main ethnic group in Tajikistan? What are all citizens of Tajikistan called? What is the name of the people in the southeast of Tajikistan? How are the Pamiri distinct from most Tajiks? Where are the Pamiri people isolated? What type of Islam is practiced in Tajikistan? What type of state does Tajikistan consider itself to be? What are the two Islamic holidays in Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is Muslim? What do mainstream Muslim leaders worry that minority religious groups undermine? What is a concern for religious institutions becoming active in the political sphere? What does Hizb ut-Tahrir want to overthrow? What does Hizb ut-Tahrir aim for? Who must religious communities register with? What is required to register with the SCRA? What type of structure is required for religious groups that do not have a charter? What can happen if a religious group fails to register? What is one of the main problems with Tajik health care? How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan? How much of the GDP was spent on health in 2004? What is the name of the paper that the government of Tajikistan and the World Bank considered doing to support disabled people? How many years of primary and secondary education does Tajikistan have? How long does the government plan to make public education in Tajikistan? What is the name of the tertiary education institution in Tajikistan? What is the sub-regional average for tertiary education? What is the study of? What is one of the main subdivisions of anthropology? What is the study of the influence of language in social life called? What type of evidence is used to study past human cultures? In what country is Archaeology considered a branch of anthropology? When was the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology founded? When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded? When was the American Anthropological Association founded? When was the Anthropological Society of Madrid founded? What did Virchow believe Darwin's conclusions lacked? What was the name of the organization that supported the gradual osmosis of anthropology curricula into major institutions of higher learning? How many of the anthropological societies and associations were international? Who belonged to these organizations? How many countries had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898? How many countries had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898? When did Boas and Malinowski work? What did Margaret Mead advocate for? What is one way that cultural anthropology is distinguished from other social sciences? What was Boas' argument against? What does cultural anthropology use to frame cultural critiques? Along with the humanities, social and natural sciences, what discipline is anthropology a part of? What is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? What is the discipline of anthropology? Where did anthropology originate? What are some of the new interdisciplinary fields of anthropology? What theories have been heavily influenced by cultural anthropology? When did the epistemological shift away from positivist traditions occur? What questions came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology? What two sub-fields of anthropology remain largely positivist? What have the four sub-fields of anthropology lacked over the last several decades? What draws together the principle axes of cultural anthropology and social anthropology? What is the study of the relationships among persons and groups? What does social anthropology help develop understanding of? Is there a hard-and-fast distinction between cultural anthropology and social anthropology? What is the comparative study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them? What is the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values? What is the term for the systematic comparison of different cultures? What is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology? What is the term for a culture from a conceptual, vs. etic, or technical view? What is reductionism in cross-cultural comparison? What is the study of kinship and social organization a central focus of? What patterns of consumption and exchange are covered by sociocultural anthropology? What is a human universal? What is also the object of study in linguistic anthropology? What is an example of a conflict that sociocultural anthropology studies? What is the study of the human past through its material remains? What do archaeologists look for in the material remains of past societies? What is Ethnoarchaeology? What is Ethnoarchaeology? What is the study of the human past through its material remains? What is linguistic anthropology also known as? What does linguistic anthropology link the analysis of linguistic forms and processes to? What is the branch of anthropology that brings linguistic methods to bear on anthropological problems? What other fields do linguistic anthropologists often draw on? What is one of the central problems in the anthropology of art? What do Western categories of art not exist in in most non-Western contexts? What are some examples of cultural specific 'aesthetics'? When was Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' published? What is the goal of the anthropology of art? Who first used the term Ethnology to describe the natural history of man? When was the Société Ethnologique de Paris formed? When was the chair in anthropology and ethnography created? Where was the National Museum of Natural History located? What was the first organization to use Ethnology? What type of methods were developed in the 19th century? What were the researchers beginning to suspect were the result of processes or laws unknown to them? What did theorists begin to suspect that similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of? What was the name of the book published by Charles Darwin that led to the realization of everything they had begun to suspect? How did Darwin arrive at his conclusions? When did Darwin and Wallace unveil evolution? What was the immediate rush to bring evolution into the social sciences? Where did the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris meet for the first time? What was the name of the first anthropological society? What is the French term for evolutionism? What was Broca's profession? What did Broca want to localize the difference between man and other animals? What part of the human brain was discovered by Broca? What was Theodor Waitz's field of study? How many volumes did Waitz publish? What did Waitz define anthropology as? What was Waitz's religious affiliation? Along with anatomy, physiology, and psychology, what field of study would anthropology use to differentiate man from animals? What must the data of comparison be? What two fields of study are to be brought into the comparison? Who was Waitz influential among? When was the Anthropological Society of London formed? What was the second society dedicated to general anthropology? What was the name of the French society that was present at the first meeting of the Anthropological Society of London? Who was influential among British ethnologists? Where are anthropology departments in the majority of the world? How many subdivisions of anthropology are there? What is the term for the use of anthropological knowledge to solve specific problems? What type of archaeologist is used to recreate the final scene of a murder? How many nations are members of the World Council of Anthropological Associations? What is another name for media anthropology? What type of studies are used to understand producers, audiences, and other cultural and social aspects of mass media? When did media such as radio, the press, new media and television start making their presence felt? What is one of the contexts explored in media anthropology? What is a new area of internet research? What term is sometimes used interchangeably with ethnographic film? What is the study of? What cultures are included in the focus of visual anthropology? What type of film is sometimes used interchangeably with visual anthropology? What discipline of anthropology attempts to explain human economic behavior in its widest historic, geographic, and cultural scope? What is the scope of economic anthropology? What discipline is economic anthropology highly critical of? Who was the founder of Anthropology? What is an alternative to market exchange? What are the traditional concerns of anthropology? Along with history and imperialism, what was the third area of interest in Political Economy? What did Sahlins work on? What was the second area of interest? What type of capitalism have Political Economists more recently addressed? What is the practical side of anthropology? What does applied anthropology produce? What type of action does applied anthropology involve? What is applied anthropology? What does applied anthropology include? What perspective does anthropology of development view development from? Why is there a gap between plans and outcomes? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? What is the gap between plans and outcomes? Why does so much planned development fail? What can refer to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures? What field of study has developed a number of related concepts and terms? What has anthropology developed over its history? What is the term for people related by descent during development? How are relatives related by? What is a four field approach to anthropology? What bias does feminist anthropology seek to reduce in research findings? What do feminist anthropologists claim their research helps to correct? What is the central concern of feminist anthropology? What is a specialization of feminist anthropology? What is a synthetic concept that deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security? What does nutritional anthropology deal with the interplay between? What is an example of an economic trend that is related to the interplay between culture and biology? What affects overall health status, work performance potential, and the overall potential for economic development? What is the interplay between nutritional status, nutritional status and food security? What is an interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology that studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes? What does psychological anthropology focus on? What do cultural groups have their own history, language, practices, and conceptual categories? What does psychological anthropology focus on? What does psychological anthropology study? What type of anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation, and transmission over time and space? What type of science is experimental psychology and evolutionary biology a part of? Along with experimental psychology and evolutionary biology, what is an example of a cognitive science? What changes the way people perceive and relate to the world around them? What discipline concerns the structure of political systems? What is the basis of political anthropology? When did a new development in political anthropology begin? What type of societies did anthropologists begin to study more? Who is an early example of an anthropology of the state? What is the name of the sub-group that studies humankind and its relations with the technological systems it has built? When was the first meeting of the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting? What organization was closely related to the Cyborg anthropology sub-group? Who wrote the Cyborg Manifesto? What does Cyborg anthropology study? What is a sub-specialty within the field of anthropology that takes an active role in examining the relationships between humans and their environment? What is the contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology? What are some of the main topics of political ecology? What is the main goal of environmental anthropology? Who is Melissa Checker's relationship with? What is the study of ethnographic cultures and indigenous customs? What is the study of the history of various groups? What is the foundation of ethnohistory? What types of historical records are used in Ethnohistory? What type of people recognize the utility of sources such as maps, music, paintings, photography, folklore, oral tradition, site exploration, archaeological materials, museum collections, enduring customs, language, and place names? What type of anthropology is concerned with issues of urbanization, poverty, and neoliberalism? Who said traditional anthropologists were "a notoriously agoraphobic lot, anti-urban by definition"? What did Ulf Hannerz say traditional anthropologists were? How many principle approaches are there in urban anthropology? What are the two principle approaches in urban anthropology? What is another name for anthrozoology? What is the study of interaction between living things called? Anthrozoology overlaps with a number of what? What is a major focus of anthrozoologic research? Along with anthropology, sociology, biology, veterinary medicine and zoology, what field of study is anthrozoology a part of? What is the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of human physiology and human behaviour? Along with natural science, what discipline is Evolutionary anthropology based in? What does Evolutionary anthropology use to understand the human experience? What type of approach is Evolutionary anthropology based on? What does evolutionary anthropology draw on to understand the human experience? What is one of the commitments in anthropology? What is an example of a form of mutilation? What are some topics that attract anthropological attention? What is one of the root causes of Man's inhumanity to man? What type of approach is used to describe the depth of anthropology? What was Boas' contemporaries active in during the 1940s? Along with Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan, what was the Axis? Where did many of Boas' contemporaries serve in the war effort? What did many of Boas' contemporaries work in during the war? Why were anthropologists fired from their jobs during the Cold War? Who do professional anthropological bodies object to the use of anthropology for? What type of briefings do professional anthropologists not give? What does the Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth call ethically dangerous? What is the Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth? What should not be agreed to or given? Who are anthropologists working with in Afghanistan? What is the US Army's strategy in Afghanistan? What is the US Army's strategy in Afghanistan? In what country are HTS teams working with the US military? What does CEAUSSIC suggest that the AAA emphasize the incompatibility of HTS with? What type of studies are anthropologists interested in? What arebehaviors, ideas or concepts shared by virtually all human cultures? What does "fieldwork" mean? Where do anthropologists go to do fieldwork? What is one method that anthropologists use to study modern population? What do anthropologists typically divide the world up into? What do anthropologists divide human time on Earth into? What is the name of the tool used by anthropologists to divide cultural traditions? What two sciences share approaches to Culture regions? What is a central part of anthropologists science? What did anthropology originate and develop as? What is one way that anthropology originated and developed as the study of other cultures? What is another term for non-European/non-Western societies? Who wrote Exploring the City? When did anthropologists start to look for other cultures? Where is ethnographic research set in the North Atlantic region? What is the main difference in ethnographic research in the North Atlantic region? What is the focus of ethnographic research now? What type of setting is often used for ethnographic research? What type of research is set in the North Atlantic region? What was Joseph I wounded in? Who were executed after a quick trial? Who were expelled from the country and their assets confiscated? When was the Count of Oeiras made? Who prosecuted every person involved in the attempted assassination? When was the Marquis of Pombal made Marquis? When did Joseph I die? What type of government did Pombal want to enhance? Who was the new Count of Oeiras? What did Pombal use the Enlightenment for? Who occupied Portugal in 1807? When did Brazil gain independence? What was Portugal's largest colonial possession? What was the name of the pluricontinental state formed by Brazil, Portugal, and the Algarves? When did Portugal's decline end? What country invaded Portugal? When was the Liberal Revolution? Where did the Liberal Revolution of 1820 start? When did João VI return to Lisbon? What family arrived in Brazil in 1820? When was the Benguela railway built? When was the Conference of Berlin? What was the name of the rivalries enticed by? What did Portugal want to protect from rivalries? What are some of the new coastal towns that were founded? When were the king Dom Carlos I and his heir apparent murdered? When was Portugal declared bankrupt again? Who became the new king of Portugal? When was the revolution? What was the main cause of the unrest during the Portuguese First Republic? Who was the leader of the Estado Novo? When was the Estado Novo established? How many European countries remained neutral in World War II? Where were mainland Portuguese citizens relocated to? What is the name of the international organization that Portugal is a member of? What form of government does Portugal maintain? Where does Portugal rank in Social Progress in the world? Along with France and Spain, what Western European country has the 18th highest Social Progress in the world? What type of drugs are still illegal in Portugal? What did Pelayos plan to use the Cantabrian mountains for? Who did Pelayos defeat in the Battle of Covadonga? What battle did Pelayos defeat the Moors in? When was the Battle of Covadonga? What was the war of Christian reconquest known in Portuguese as? Why was the Kingdom of Asturias divided into Christian Kingdoms? Who knighted Vimara Peres? When was Vimara Peres knighted? What was the first Count of Portus Cale? What was the County of Portugal also known as? What culture was Galician-Portuguese derived from? What kingdom did the County of Portugal form? What language did Galician-Portuguese diverge from? What is the Castilian language also known as? What language replaced the Astur-Leonese Language? Who was the daughter of the Austrian Field Marshal Leopold Josef? Who was the 1st Marquis of Pombal? Who was the Queen consort of Portugal in 1749? Who was the Queen consort of Portugal in 1749? Who recalled Melo to Portugal in 1749? What was the new city centre of Lisbon designed to resist? How were the effects of an earthquake simulated? How many epidemics did Lisbon suffer? What is one of Lisbon's tourist attractions? Where was the inquiry sent to? What is the official name of Portugal? Where is Portugal located in Europe? What is the westernmost country of mainland Europe? How long is the Portugal-Spain border? Which two Atlantic archipelagos are included in the republic of Portugal? What is the official name of Portugal? Where is Portugal located in Europe? What country borders Portugal to the north and east? What is the westernmost country of mainland Europe? What is the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union? Who were the first people to settle the land within the borders of Portugal? Which Germanic peoples were later invaded by the Moors? When did Portugal establish itself as a kingdom independent from León? What was the name of the Age of Discovery? When was the Age of Discovery? What city was destroyed in a 1755 earthquake? When did Brazil gain independence? When was the First Republic established? What colony was handed over to China in 1999? How many Portuguese speakers are there today? What is the Romano-Celtic name for Portugal? Who settled the region? What are some of the peoples that gave origin to Portugal? When did the Romans leave Lusitania? What is the old Germanic name for Alenquer? When did Lusitania gain the status of Roman province? What was the name of the northern province of Lusitania? What is one of the largest Roman settlements in Portugal? What are castros? How far is Conímbriga from Coimbra? How long did it take the Umayyads to defeat the Visigoths? When did the Umayyad Caliphate begin expanding in the peninsula? When did the Umayyad Caliphate collapse? Who established the Emirate of Córdoba? How long did the Emirate of Córdoba last? What did the governors of the taifas proclaim themselves? Who did the governors of the taifas establish diplomatic relations with? What was the name of the Taifa of Badajoz? When did the Almoravids conquer Portugal? What battle did the Almoravids win in 1086? What were the Muslim converts to Islam called? Where did the Arabs come from? Where were the Berbers originally from? Where did the Moors stay in Portugal? How many words in the Portuguese language are of Arabic origin? What kingdom did García become king of? Where did Ordoño reign? What was the capital of Fruela's kingdom? When did Alfonso III die? When was the Kingdom of Castile formed? When was the Black Death? What is the longest-standing alliance in the world? What country did Portugal make an alliance with in 1373? What is the predecessor to the alliance Portugal and England formed in 1373? What region of Portugal still has English influence to this day? What was the age of discovery called? Who was Prince Henry the Navigator's father? What are some of the Atlantic archipelagos discovered by Portugal? What was the name of the eastern route to India discovered by Portugal? What country did Portugal discover in the Indian Ocean? What happened to the King's confidence in de Melo? What position was de Melo given in 1755? What country's economic success did de Melo learn from? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? What type of reforms did Sebastião de Melo make? What was the first attempt to control wine quality in Europe? What class of people considered Melo to be an upstart? Who created companies and guilds to regulate every commercial activity? What classes of Portuguese society did Melo impose strict law on? When was the Carnation Revolution? Where was the Carnation Revolution? What was the PREC period characterized by? What was the name of the government that governed Portugal until 1976? What party won the 1976 legislative election? Who was the leader of the PS in 1976? When did Mário Soares become Prime Minister again? What economic model did Portugal adhere to? When was the Portuguese Constitution approved? What principles were added to the Portuguese Constitution to accommodate? What type of climate is Portugal? What is the average annual temperature in mainland Portugal? What is the average temperature in the mountainous interior north of Portugal? How high are the mountains in the Algarve? What type of climate do the Azores and Madeira have? What makes weather predictions difficult in the Azores? What type of climate does the Azores have? What types of forests can be found in Gerês? When did the subtropical laurissilva forest date back to? What type of tree is colonizing many abandoned areas? What animal was found recently roaming at night inside large urban areas? How many national parks are in Portugal? What type of rainforest is Laurisilva? What type of animal is Capra pyrenaica? What is an important stopover for migratory birds? How many freshwater fish species are there in Portugal? Where are the giant European catfish found? Why are some rare and specific species of fish endangered in Portugal? What type of plankton can be seen on some beaches? How long is the term of the President? Who is the current President of Brazil? How many deputies are in the Assembly of the Republic? How long is the term of the Assembly of the Republic? How many members does the Constitutional Court have? What are the two main political parties in Portugal? At what levels of government does Portugal operate a multi-party system? What is the name of the political party that consists of the Portuguese Communist Party and Ecologist Party? What percentage of the vote does the Democratic and Social Centre – People's Party get? What is the title of the President of Portugal? How long is the term of the President of the Republic? How is the President of the Republic elected? What is the title of the President of Portugal? What acts as the cabinet? What is required of each government? How many deputies are needed to reject a government programme? What countries does Portuguese law apply in? Where do the Public Security Police work? What type of police does the PJ have? Who oversees the Polícia Judiciária? When did Portugal decriminalize possession of drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations? How long is the maximum amount of personal use a person can have for drugs in Portugal? Where can people refuse treatment if they are caught with small amounts of drugs in Portugal? How much had HIV infection cases dropped in 2009? How many municipalities are there in Portugal? How many municipalities are there? How many districts are in Continental Portugal? How many branches of the Portuguese military are there? What are the three branches of the Portuguese military? What is the mission of the Portuguese military? How many women were in the Portuguese military in 2008? How much of Portugal's GDP was spent on the military in 2009? How many personnel does the Army have? What type of APC is the infantry brigade primarily equipped with? What type of tanks does the mechanized brigade consist of? Along with paratroopers, commandos and rangers, what unit makes up the Rapid Reaction Brigade? How many marines are in the Navy? What wars did Portugal engage in in the 20th century? When did the Portuguese Colonial War end? In what country did the Portuguese Armed Forces participate in peacekeeping missions? In what year did the Portuguese Armed Forces intervene in Guinea-Bissau? Who was the head of the Portuguese government after the bailout was announced? What was the goal of the measures implemented by the Portuguese government? What type of tax hikes did the Portuguese government implement? What was the average wage cut for public servants in 2012? When was the Carnation Revolution? What type of partnerships did the government encourage? What organization released a report in January 2011? When was the financial crisis in Portugal? What were the names of the two Portuguese banks that had been accumulating losses for years? What were some of the reasons for the losses of the two banks? What was one of the reasons the case of BPNP was so serious? What was the CEO of BPN charged with? What replaced the Portuguese Escudo? What was the Portuguese currency before the euro? What is the name of the central bank of Portugal? What are the two main economic centers of Portugal? What is the leading sport in Portugal? When was the Carnation Revolution? During what period did Portugal try to adapt to a changing global economy? What sector of the economy is Portugal trying to develop? What is Portugal's leading producer of cork? What is the world's leading cork producer? Who bailed Portugal out? When was the bailout agreed to? How much money did the bailout cost Portugal? When did Portugal leave the bailout? What was the unemployment rate in 2014? What type of farms are in Portugal? What are some of the companies backed by Grupo RAR? What type of mushrooms are produced in Portugal? Along with dairy products, poultry and beef, what livestock product is produced in Portugal? What is the world's oldest active canned fish producer? What is the world's oldest active canned fish producer? What is one of the countries with the highest fish consumption per capita? What is Portugal's leading copper producer? Along with tin, tungsten and uranium, what metal is produced by Portugal? What type of exploration does Portugal lack the potential to conduct? Where are Portugal's iron and coal reserves located? What caused a decrease in the extraction of iron and coal reserves? What is the largest foreign direct investment project in Portugal? Which companies are the main centers of the Portuguese aerospace industry? Where is the AutoEuropa motor vehicle assembly plant? What are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry? Where are the major biotechnology and information technology industries located? What is the forecast for visitor numbers in the future? What type of destinations are competing with Portugal for visitors? What type of attractions does Portugal need to focus on to stay ahead of its competitors? What are some of the niche attractions that Portugal is trying to focus on? Who described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe"? How much did the number of unemployed increase from 2002 to 2007? What was Portugal's unemployment rate in December 2009? What was the rating of Portugal by Standard & Poor's in 2009? When did Moody's downgrade Portugal's long-term credit assessment? Who did Portugal request financial assistance from in 2011? How many times had the Portuguese government requested external financial aid from the IMF? What was the name of the revolution in Portugal in the 1970s? Why did Moody's downgrade nine Portuguese banks in 2011? What was the number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in the Portuguese government in 2005? What was the European Union average for public employees per thousand inhabitants in 2005? What was Portugal's justice system internationally known as? What was the second slowest justice system in Western Europe in 2011? How many judges per 100,000 people? Who was the Prime Minister of Portugal in May 2013? How many jobs will be cut in the public sector? Why did Coelho say austerity measures were necessary? Along with the European Commission, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund, what organization is a part of the IMF? What is the new retirement age in Portugal? Along with pensions, unemployment benefits, health, education and science expenses, what expenses were cut? What language was abolished in Basic Education? What has been the result of the policies of Passos Coelho? What was Portugal's unemployment rate in the third quarter of 2014? What was the peak unemployment rate in 2013? What was the unemployment rate in 2008? What was the unemployment rate in the second quarter of 2008? What city is the 16th European city which attracts the most tourists? What is one of the largest Roman Catholic shrines in the world? How many shepherd children were present at the apparitions at Fátima? What is the name of the tourist destination north of the Douro River valley? What is the 16th European city which attracts the most tourists? What was the main factor in Portugal's fast economic growth in the 1970s? What did Portugal build in the 1990s? How long is Portugal's road network? When was the first motorway opened in Portugal? How large is Continental Portugal? How many international airports are in Portugal? What are the principal cities of Portugal? What makes Lisbon a stopover for many foreign airlines? What is the primary flag-carrier of Portugal? What country does the national railway system extend into? Who manages the railway system? How long is the railway system? How many of the railway lines are electrified? How many of the railway lines are electrified? What is the name of the subway system in Porto? How long are the subway lines in Porto? What is the name of the company that provides Lisbon tram services? How long have Lisbon tram services been supplied by the Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa? What type of institutions are the R&D units in Portugal? What is the name of the autonomous research institution in Portugal? What does MCTES stand for? What is the name of the non-state-run research institute that awards one of the highest monetary prizes in the world? What type of research does the Champalimaud Foundation focus on? What is one of the highest monetary prizes of any science prize in the world? When was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded? What is the name of the largest aquarium in Europe? What is Ciência Viva's goal? What is the name of the science museum at the University of Coimbra? What helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses? Where is the biocant located? What kind of services are available in the science parks? What are the two most cost-effective renewable sources? Where is the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station? Where is the Aguçadoura Wave Farm located? How much of Portugal's electrical production was derived from hydroelectric dams? What is the name of Portugal's national energy transmission company? What does REN use to predict weather? Where did Portugal generate electricity before the solar/wind revolution? What type of turbines are used to generate electricity in Portugal's rivers? What price did the government set for rooftop-generated solar electricity? What was the population of Portugal in 2011? What percentage of the population of Portugal was female in 2011? What percentage of the population of Portugal was male in 2011? What is the single religion in Portugal? What are former Muslims called in Portugal? What is the main population source of the Portuguese? When did the Paleolithic peoples arrive on the European continent? What is the main population source of the Portuguese? What has long since been a cornerstone of Portugal's national identity? What ocean does Portugal look out into? Along with Angola and Mozambique, what African territory gained independence in 1975? What ancestry do most Brazilians have? How many people lived in Portugal in 2007? What percentage of the Portuguese population are Roman Catholic? What are some of the religious communities in Portugal? What percentage of the population declared themselves to be non-religious? What percentage of the population did not give any answer about their religion in the 2011 Census? Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a what origin or connotation? When did the Roman Catholic Church enjoy power and riches? What movement changed the role and importance of organized religion? When was the First Portuguese Republic formed? When was the Battle of Ourique? What did Jesus promise Afonso? Why did Jesus want Afonso to create an empire? What is the official language of Portugal? What type of language is Portuguese? Where did Portuguese originate? What was the common language of the Galician and Portuguese people until the independence of Portugal? What language is the Portuguese language derived from? Where did the Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula live? When did Portugal establish a colonial and commercial empire? How many continents is Portuguese spoken as a native language? What country has the largest number of native Portuguese speakers? What is the total adult literacy rate in Portugal? What is the total adult literacy rate in Portugal? What percentage of college-age citizens attend one of the country's higher education institutions? What is the average college attendance rate in the U.S.? When were the first Portuguese universities founded? Where was the oldest Portuguese university established? Where was the oldest Portuguese university first established? What is the name of the oldest engineering school in the Americas? What is the name of the oldest medical college in Asia? When was the Bologna process adopted by Portuguese universities? How are most student costs supported? What is the age limit for mature applicants? What is the Ministry of Health responsible for? How many regional health administrations are in charge of implementing the national health policy objectives? How many regional health administrations are in charge of implementing the national health policy objectives? What do most Portuguese die from? What is the single biggest killer in Portugal? What is the single biggest killer in Portugal? What is the percentage of people in Portugal who die from cancer? What is more frequent among women younger than 44 years? What type of survey results can be used to complement other data on health status? How many adults in Portugal rated their health as good or very good in 2004? When did Portugal modernize its public cultural facilities? When was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established? Where is the Belém Cultural Centre located? What is the name of the cultural center in Porto? How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites does Portugal have? What is another name for the Manueline? When was the Manueline style of architecture created? What is the Soft Portuguese style? What award did Gonçalo Byrne win? What type of design is Tomás Taveira known for? When did Portuguese cinema begin? Who are some of the notable Portuguese film directors? Who are some of the notable Portuguese film actors? When did Portuguese cinema begin? Who are some of the notable Portuguese film directors? Who are some of the notable Portuguese film actors? What type of poet was Luís de Camões? What is the name of the epic poem written by Luís de Camões? Which of Virgil's works was Luís de Camões' main influence? What styles of poetry is modern Portuguese poetry rooted in? Who are some of the modern Portuguese writers? What is the Portuguese term for dry cod? What is a potato-based stew that can be made from several types of fish? What is caldeirada? What is a typical Portuguese meat recipe? What is the name of the dish that is stewed in pigs blood? What is the Portuguese word for grilled pork sandwiches? Where did the Portuguese art of pastry originate? What are the main ingredients used in the creation of Portuguese pastry? Where are ovos moles from? Who associated Portugal with their god Bacchus? What god did the Romans associate Portugal with? What is the name of the sweet Portuguese wine? Which two wines are particularly appreciated in a wide range of places around the world? Where is the Festival Sudoeste? What type of music festival is Hip Hop Porto? Where does the Boom Festival take place? What award did the Boom Festival win in 2010? When did Portugal hold the MTV Europe Music Awards? Who are some of the notable pianists from Portugal? Who are some of the violinists from Portugal? What is the name of the student of Luís de Freitas Branco? Which contemporary composers have achieved some international success writing original music for film and television? When did Modernism arrive in Portugal? What French painters influenced Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso? What is one of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso's best-known works? Who are some of the most prominent international painters? What is the most popular sport in Portugal? Who is a major symbol of Portuguese football history? Which two football players won the FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2013 and 2014? What award did Luís Figo win in 2013? Which Portuguese football managers are among the most renowned? What are the largest sports clubs in Portugal? What are the largest sports clubs in Portugal? How many European UEFA club competitions have the big three won? What are some of the other sports that the "big three" compete in? What is the acronym for the Portuguese Football Federation? When was Kanye Omari West born? What type of music is Kanye Omari West known for? What is Kanye West's real name? When was Kanye Omari West born? What record label did West work for in the early 2000s? What artists did West produce hit singles for? How many albums did West release? Who did West collaborate with on Watch the Throne? Where was West born? What type of producer is Kanye West? When was West's debut album released? How many albums did West release? How many albums has Kanye West sold worldwide? How many digital downloads has West sold worldwide? How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? How many of West's albums rank on Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Albums of All Time"? Who named West one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005 and 2015? How many albums has Kanye West sold worldwide? How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? How many of West's albums rank on Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Albums of All Time"? When did Time name West one of the 100 most influential people in the world? What was West's mother's profession? Where was Kanye Omari West born? What was the name of the store that Ray West opened in 2006? At what university was Dr. Donda C. (Williams) West the Chair of the English Department? What high school did West attend? Where did West move with his mother? What nationality was West in his class? What grades did West get in high school? How old was West when he moved to Nanjing? What university did West's mother teach at? What type of writing did West begin to write at 5 years old? What was the name of West's rap song? Who was No I.D.? What type of writing did West begin at 5 years old? What was the name of West's rap song at age thirteen? Who became West's mentor? Where did West attend college? How old was Kanye when he dropped out of college? Where did West attend college? What was West's major at Chicago State University? How old was Kanye when he dropped out of college? What is the name of Kanye's album? What type of artists did Kanye West make beats for? What type of music did Kanye West use in his production style? What was the name of the Chicago rap group that West was a member of? When did Kanye West begin his production career? When did Kanye West begin his production career? Who was the ghost producer for the Go-Getters? What was the name of the Chicago rap group that West was a member of? What was the name of the management firm that managed the Go-Getters? When did the Go-Getters release their first album? Who was the first hip-hop album by a female rapper to debut at the top of the Billboard 200? What rappers were featured on West's songs? 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What was the name of the song West released in December 2015? What was the new name of Kanye's album? Who was involved in a short-lived social media altercation with West? What was the name of West's clothing line? Who did West say was one of his most important inspirations? Which hip-hop group did West say influenced him? What is the name of the style of production that West pioneered early in his career? Who did West say was one of his most important inspirations? Who did West say was the most important cultural figure in his life? What was the name of West's first major release featuring his trademark soulful vocal sampling style? Who collaborated with Kanye West on his second album? What type of instrumentation was featured on Late Registration? What instrument was audible on Kanye West's 2006 live album Late Orchestration? Who collaborated with Kanye West on his second album? What English trip hop group influenced Kanye West's second album? 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Who was the president of GOOD Music in 2015? What was the goal of DONDA? Who was DONDA named after? When was DONDA established? What is the name of the music streaming service that Kanye West is a co-owner of? Who owns a 3% equity stake in Tidal? What has Spotify been criticized for? What is the name of the music streaming service that Kanye West is a co-owner of? What is the main feature of Tidal? Who bought the parent company of Tidal? What other streaming service has been criticized for their low payout of royalties? What is the name of the foundation that West and his mother founded in 2003? What is the goal of the Kanye West Foundation? What is the name of the foundation that West and his mother founded in 2003? When did the foundation partner with Strong American Schools? Where was the "Kanye West Foundation" founded? What type of education does the Kanye West Foundation want to provide to underprivileged youth? What was the name of the campaign that West and the foundation partnered with in 2007? When was the inaugural benefit concert for the foundation held? What was the new name of the foundation after West's mother died? When did the Dr. Donda West Foundation cease operations? When did West's mother die? What was the new name of the foundation after West's mother died? When did West's mother die? What is the name of the event that West participated in for World Water Day? What was the name of the benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina? Who did West accuse of not caring about black people? Who did West accuse of not caring about black people? When did West accuse George W. Bush of not caring about black people? Who was unaware of the cut for a few seconds? Who did West say doesn't care about black people? What did Bush call West's comment about him? Who did Bush react to West's apology? Where did West perform in 2013? How much was West paid for performing in Kazakhstan in 2013? What is Kazakhstan's human rights record? Where did West perform in 2013? In what state did Rage Against The Machine and Shakira refuse to perform in because of stop and search laws? Why did Sting cancel performances in Kazakhstan? What program did Kimmel host in 2013? What did West demand from Kimmel? Who did Kanye West call to demand an apology? Who did Kanye West interview for BBC Radio 1 in which interview? What radio station featured West in an interview in 2013? Who did West believe had problems pushing policies in Washington? Who did the Anti-Defamation League say was all-powerful and control the levers of power in government? When did West say that Obama had problems pushing policies in Washington? When did West back off of his comments? Who did West say was innocent of sexual assault? Who did West say was innocent of sexual assault? Who did West lose Best New Artist to at the American Music Awards? 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Who was West's on-and-off relationship with in 2002? Who did West date from 2008 to 2010? Who did West begin dating in April 2012? How many children did West have with Alexis Phifer? When did West begin an on-and-off relationship with Alexis Phifer? When did West and Phifer become engaged? Who did West date from 2008 to 2010? When did West begin dating Kim Kardashian? Where was North baptized? How old was West when she died? Who refused to perform West's breast reduction? At what time was West's mother transported to Centinela Freeman Hospital? What was the cause of West's death? Who refused to perform West's breast reduction? Who performed West's plastic surgery? On what TV show did Adams appear on on November 20, 2007? What was the cause of Donda West's death? Who filed complaints with the Medical Board against Adams and Aboolian? What did the family of Donda West allege that Adams and Aboolian violated? On what TV show did Adams appear on on November 20, 2007? When was the final coroner's report released? Where was Donda West buried? What song did West cover for his mother's funeral? Where was Donda West buried? When was Donda West's funeral held? On what date did Kanye West play his first concert after his mother's funeral? What was the name of the tour in which West dedicated a song to his mother? Where did West speak about his mother's death in 2008? Where did West speak about his mother's death in 2008? Who signed the "Donda West Law"? Who signed the "Donda West Law"? What is the name of the law that makes it mandatory for patients to provide medical clearance for elective cosmetic surgery? Who sued West for trademark infringement in 2006? When did Knievel die? Who sued West for trademark infringement in 2006? What was the name of the character that Kanye West played in the video for Touch the Sky? When did Knievel die? What were the charges against West and Crowley? How much was West's bail bond? How many counts of misdemeanor vandalism were West charged with? When were West and his bodyguard arrested? What were the charges against West and Crowley? Who was West's road manager? How much was West's bail bond? Where was the Tup Tup Palace nightclub located? When was West arrested again? Where was West arrested on November 14, 2008? What was the name of the nightclub in Newcastle upon Tyne where West was arrested? Who was the photographer that West grabbed? What were the charges against West reduced to? Who was the photographer that West grabbed? How many years of probation did West serve? How many anger management sessions did West have to attend? How much did West have to pay in restitution to Ramos? What religion did West refer to himself as in 2014? What is the name of West's album? What religion did West refer to himself as in 2014? Where does West rank among the most critically acclaimed artists of the twenty-first century? Who has The Guardian compared West to? Who said that West is a frequent lightning rod for controversy? Who called West the greatest hip hop artist of all time? Who called West the most important artist of the 21st century? What was West one of the first rappers to criticize? What type of rap did 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation diverge from? What was West's background? Who was the first rapper to criticize homophobia in hip hop? Who said that West was the thinking man's alternative? How did Elon Musk describe West in a piece for Time Magazine's 100 most influential people? Who wrote a piece for Time Magazine's 100 most influential people list? How many songs have sold over 3 million in digital sales as of December 2012? How many digital songs has West sold? How many songs have sold over 3 million in digital sales as of December 2012? What is the name of West's sixth solo album? How many songs have sold over 3 million in digital sales as of December 2012? Where does West rank in overall digital sales of the past decade? How many digital songs has West sold? How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? Who is the only artist to have topped the Pazz & Jop critic poll the most number of times? How many times has Kanye West been included in the Time 100? How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? How did About.com rank Kanye West on their "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers"? When was Kanye West crowned the year's No. 1 "Hottest MC in the Game"? What award did Kanye West win in 2010? Who is the only artist to have topped the Pazz & Jop critic poll the most number of times? How many of West's albums were included in Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Albums of All Time"? How many of West's albums were included in Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Albums of All Time"? What was the world's best album of the decade "so far" between 2010 and 2014? Where was Yeezus ranked on Pitchfork's list of 100 albums? What online music publication ranked My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy as the world's best album of the decade "so far"? What album was ranked in the eighth place on Pitchfork's list of 100 albums? What song was ranked in the third place on Pitchfork's list of the 200 "best tracks" released since 2010? Who did West say "doesn't care about black people"? Who was interrupted by West at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards? Along with clothing, what type of footwear did West create for Adidas in 2013? What is the name of West's creative content company? When did the Yeezy Season collaboration with Adidas begin? What type of religion is Buddhism? Who is known as the "the awakened one"? Where did the Buddha live? What do Buddhists believe is the way to end suffering? What are the Four Noble Truths? What type of religion is Buddhism? Who is known as the "the awakened one"? When did the Buddha live and teach? Where did the Buddha live? Who is known as the "the awakened one"? Where did the Buddha live? When did the Buddha live? Who is known as the "the awakened one"? When did the Buddha live? Where did the Buddha live? Who is commonly known as the "the awakened one"? What is the name of the branch of Buddhism that is found throughout East Asia? What is the third branch of Buddhism? Where does Theravada have a widespread following? What are some of the traditions of Mahayana? How many Buddhists are there? What branch of Buddhism includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai? What is the third branch of Buddhism? What is the third branch of Buddhism? Who is Vajrayana attributed to? What does Theravada mean in English? What is the ultimate goal of Theravada Buddhism? What is another name for the Noble Eightfold Path? What is the purpose of the bodhisattva path? What does Tibetan Buddhism aspire to? What is another name for the Middle Way? What is the name of the Buddhism that believes in the attainment of Nirvana? What type of Buddhism aspires to Buddhahood or rainbow body? What is another name for the Noble Eightfold Path? What is the name of the path in Mahayana Buddhism that allows one to remain in the cycle to help other beings? What is the cycle of suffering and rebirth in Theravada Buddhism? What are the Three Jewels of Buddhism? What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What is the name of the practice of giving charity to reduce the greediness? What type of living does a Buddhist convert to? What does Buddhism deny a creator to be? What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What is the name of the tradition of invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas? What is the name of the Jataka tales of the Theravada? What are some of the earlier biographies of the Buddha? What type of order did the Buddha found? When was the Theravada written? What is the name of one of the earlier biographies of the Buddha? Who is ascribed to the Theravada? Who is ascribed to the Theravada? What type of order did the Buddha found? When was the Theravada written? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? What is the first step in the life of the Buddha? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? Who is considered to have preserved the memory of the Buddha? Who preserved Siddhatta Gotama's teachings? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? Who did Karen Armstrong write a biography of? Who is considered to have preserved the memory of the Buddha? When was Siddhārtha Gautama born? Where was Siddhārtha Gautama born? What type of republic was Siddhārtha Gautama's father in? Where was Siddhārtha Gautama born? When was Siddhārtha Gautama born? What type of republic was Gautama's community? What suggests that Siddhārtha Gautama was born in a community that was on the periphery of the northeastern Indian subcontinent? What type of government was Siddhārtha Gautama's father in? Who was born in a community that was on the periphery of the northeastern Indian subcontinent? What position did his father hold in the community? Who prophesized that Siddhartha would either become a great king or renounce the material world? What did Asita prophesize that Siddhartha would do? What did Asita say would happen to Siddhartha? Who prophesized that Siddhartha would become a great king? What was the name of the astrologer who prophesized that Siddhartha would become a great king? What did Asita prophesize that Siddhartha would become? Who prophesized that Siddhartha would either become a great king or renounce the material world? What was the name of the astrologer who prophesized that Siddhartha would become a great king? What did Asita say Siddhartha would become? What did Śuddhodana do to prevent his son from leaving the palace grounds? How old was Gautama when he ventured beyond the palace grounds? What did Gautama learn from his encounters? Who was the last of the four sights? What did Śuddhodana want his son to become? How old was Gautama when he ventured beyond the palace grounds? How many sights did Gautama encounter in his travels? What did Gautama decide to do? What did Śuddhodana want his son to become? How old was Gautama when he ventured beyond the palace grounds? How many sights did Gautama see? What did Gautama see? Where did Gautama study? What did Buddhists call the anapanasati meditation? What did Gautama endure? What did Gautama devote himself to? What did Gautama attempt? What did Gautama accept from a village girl? What do Buddhists call the anapanasati meditation? What did Gautama find about the meditative attainments? What did Gautama accept from a village girl? What did Gautama devote himself to? What did Buddhists call the anapanasati meditation? How old was Gautama when he sat in meditation? What type of tree was the Bodhi Tree? How did Gautama spend the rest of his life? How old was Gautama when he died? What is the name of the south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka? What type of tree was the Bodhi Tree? What is the name of the tree that Gautama sat in meditation under? How old was Gautama when he died? What is the name of the tree that Gautama sat in meditation under? What type of tree was the Bodhi Tree? Where was the Bodhi Tree located? What is the name of the south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka? What is samsara? What does avidya mean? What does dukkha mean? What is possible by following the Buddhist path? What is the term for the cycle of birth and death that arises out of ignorance? How many realms of existence are there in Buddhism? What does avidya mean? How is liberation from samsara possible? What is samsara? How many realms of existence are there in Buddhism? What type of suffering is characterized by a particular type of Suffering? What does samsara arise out of? How is liberation from samsara possible? What is the Sanskrit translation of Karma? What is the force that drives saṃsāra? What is the cultivation of positive actions called? What does cetanā mean? What is the Sanskrit translation of Karma? What is the cultivation of positive actions called? What is the Sanskrit word for mental intent? What is the Sanskrit word for "fruit"? What is the force that drives saṃsāra? What is the cultivation of positive actions called? What does vipāka mean in Sanskrit? What type of Buddhism believes that there can be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? What sutras claim that the recitation or merely the hearing of their texts can expunge great swathes of negative karma? What type of Buddhism regards the recitation of mantras as a means for cutting off previous negative karma? What does Genshin believe has the power to destroy karma? What type of Buddhism believes that there can be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? What does Genshin believe has the power to destroy karma? What type of Buddhism claims that the recitation or merely the hearing of their texts can expunge great swathes of negative karma? What type of karma do some forms of Buddhism believe can be expunged by reciting mantras? Who taught that Amitābha has the power to destroy karma? What does Genshin believe has the power to destroy karma? What is the process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes called? What doctrine rejects the concepts of a permanent self or an unchanging, eternal soul? What determines rebirth in Buddhism? How long does a life run from conception to death? What is the term for the laws of cause and effect in Buddhism? What is the process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes called? What is the name of the Buddhist doctrine that rejects the concept of a permanent self or an unchanging soul? What is the term for the process of rebirth in Buddhism? What is another term for the eternal soul in Hinduism? What are skilled Buddhist practitioners known as? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? What are the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds? What are non-returners? What is the meaning of the term Ārūpyadhātu? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? What are non-returners? What is the highest object of meditation? What is the meaning of the term Ārūpyadhātu? According to what type of Buddhism is there an intermediate state between one life and the next? What position rejects the idea of an intermediate state between one life and the next? Where is the Samyutta Nikaya located? What is the Tibetan term for the intermediate state between one life and the next? What position rejects the idea of an intermediate state between one life and the next? Where are passages in the Pali Canon that seem to lend support to the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What type of Buddhism believes that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? According to what type of Buddhism is there an intermediate state between one life and the next? What type of Buddhism rejects the idea of an intermediate state between one life and the next? What is the name of the Canon of the Samyutta Nikaya? What are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What is the nature of dukkha? What are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What does dukkha mean? What are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What is the nature of suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness, and its causes? What is the nature of dukkha? What does dukkha mean in English? What is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactoriness", "unease", etc.? What does dukkha mean in English? What does dukkha mean in English? How many aspects does dukkha have? What is the third aspect of dukkha? What is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactoriness", "unease", etc.? How many aspects does dukkha have? What is the second truth? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the third noble truth? What is the fourth noble truth? What is the origin of dukkha? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the second truth? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What is the cessation of dukkha? What is another name for Right Intention? The Noble Eightfold Path is the fourth of what? How many factors make up thefold Path? What is the cessation of? What is another name for Right Speech? The Noble Eightfold Path is the fourth of what? How many factors are in the Noble Eightfold Path? What is the cessation of? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors? How many significant dimensions of one's behavior are there? What are the three major dimensions of one's behavior that operate in dependence on one another? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors? What type of practice did Kalama teach Gautama? What type of human did Gautama create? What does Thich Nhat Hanh call the "Four Immeasurable Minds"? What is the name of the meditation that cultivates wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings? What do the Four Immeasurables cultivate? Who was Gautama's teacher? What type of human did Gautama create? What are the four immeasurable Minds? Who called the "four limitless ones" the "Four limitless ones"? What is the best known form of mettā? Who discovered the Middle Way? What is an important guiding principle of Buddhist practice? Who discovered the Middle Way? What are some of the works of Buddhist scholars? What type of study do some schools of Buddhism discourage? Who has produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts? What type of study do some schools of Buddhism discourage? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What is the cycle of rebirths called? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What is the term for clinging? How many marks of existence did the Buddha say are there? What is the Buddhist notion that all compounded or conditioned phenomena are? What is the cycle of rebirth called in Buddhism? Why is attachment to things futile and leads to suffering? What is in constant flux? What is impermanence? What is the term for the cycle of rebirth in Buddhism? What does the doctrine of impermanence lead to? What does the word suffering roughly correspond to in English? What is the philosophical meaning of suffering? Buddhism seeks to be neither pessimistic nor optimistic, but what? In what religion is suffering a central concept? What is the philosophical meaning of suffering? What is the philosophical meaning of suffering? What Sanskrit word is often left untranslated? What is the third mark of existence? What is the third mark of existence? What did the Buddha refuse to answer when asked if the self was identical with the body? What is the third mark of existence? What is the third mark of existence? What is the name of the approach to release from suffering that is not meant to be metaphysical? What metaphysical assertions did the Buddha reject? What is the term for the changing physical and mental constituents of a person or object? What is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics? What is the English translation of pratītyasamutpāda? What type of metaphysics is pratītyasamutpāda an important part of? What is the best-known application of pratītyasamutpāda? What is the cycle of suffering and rebirth called? How many Nidānas are in the pratītyasamutpāda scheme? What does the word "nidāna" mean in English? How many Nidānas describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? How many Nidānas describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? What is the name of the state in which sentient beings free themselves from suffering? What does the absence of the first Nidāna lead to? What is the absence of the first Nidāna leading to? What type of beings always suffer throughout saṃsāra? What is the term for the suffering of sentient beings throughout saṃsāra? What is the final step to free oneself from suffering? What does the absence of the first Nidāna lead to? What concept did Nagarjuna introduce to Buddhism? What does śūnyatā mean? What did Nagarjuna believe that all phenomena are without? What did Nagarjuna believe were without svabhava? What school of thought was criticized by Nāgārjuna? Which two scholars reformulated Sarvastivada teachings into Yogacara? What is the doctrine known as that asserts that the mind and only the mind is ultimately real? Which two scholars reformulated Sarvastivada teachings into Yogacara? What do the "Tathāgatagarbha Sutras" present a model of? What is the term for the idea of perfected spiritual insight? What school of Tibetan Buddhism believes that tathāgatagarbha is inseparability of the clarity and emptiness of one's mind? What school of Buddhism believes that tathāgatagarbha refers to the innate qualities of the mind that express themselves as omniscience? What is the inseparability of the clarity and emptiness of one's mind? What is the term for anybody who has achieved nirvana? What is the term for anybody who has achieved nirvana? What is the term for anybody who has achieved nirvana? What is the term used to describe the Awakening of arahants? What was the status of nirvana in early Buddhism? What is the term used to describe the extinction of greed and hate? What is the Sanskrit word for hate? What does moha mean in Sanskrit? What is the name of the person who achieves nirvana but also full liberation from delusion? What does a bodhisattva become when he attains bodhi? What does Theravada Buddhism consider to be the same meaning as in the early texts? What term is used in Buddhism to describe the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at the moment of death? What type of being is a fully awakened being? What is a Buddha no longer bound by? What does a Buddha end? How many Buddhas are in the Pali Canon? What is the name of the next Buddha? What type of origin do the Buddhas of the Mahayana tradition have? What is arahants and buddhas? What are the people who awaken from the "sleep of ignorance"? What is the meaning of being freed from craving, hate, and delusion? What is the term for the extinction of hatred and greed with some residue of delusion? In the Mahayana, who is seen as the eternal Buddha? In the Mahayana, who is seen as the eternal Buddha? In what sutras is the Buddha seen as the eternal Buddha himself? Where is the Buddha believed to be living? Who is allowed to offer new truths based on the Buddha's input? What does Mahayana believe that ultimately nothing has existence? What do enlightened people vow to continue being reborn until all beings can be enlightened? What is the most faith-orientated form of Buddhism? What is the most faith-orientated form of Buddhism? Who is the vow of Amitabha Buddha to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering? Who was the first to achieve enlightenment in the Buddha era? What is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? Who was the first to achieve enlightenment in the Buddha era? Who was the first to achieve enlightenment in the Buddha era? What type of Buddhists believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes? What school of Buddhism believes that Buddhas arise one at a time in the world element? What is the name of the belief that Buddhism has declined to the point where few are capable of following the path? What does the word bodhisattva mean? What is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings? What is the name of the early text that contains a short definition of the term bodhisattva? What is the name of the early text that contains a short definition of the term bodhisattva? What is the name of the early text that contains a short definition of the term bodhisattva? What religion encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas? What vow does the practitioner of Mahayana Buddhism take? What are the six pāramitās? Who often cites the Bodhisattva's Bodhicitta as his favorite verse? What is an important part of the practice of most Buddhists? What are some of the Devotional practices? What is the most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas? Who taught that meditative absorption must be combined with liberating cognition? What type of texts did the Buddha's teachings differ from? What type of cognition is based on mindful awareness? What was an aspect of the practice of the yogis? What are the two types of meditation in Buddhism? What did the Samaññaphala Sutta believe religious knowledge was? What type of meditation did the Buddha practice? What was the idea that ethics are causally related to the attainment of? What are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques? What are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques? How many Upanishads describe yoga as a means to liberation? What type of meditation is not found in early Brahminic texts? What type of tradition does Wynne believe the Upanishads reflect? What text contains evidence for a contemplative tradition as early as the late Rig Vedic period? What is the first step in most Buddhist schools? What is the name of the early Buddhist text that mentions the practice of taking refuge on behalf of unborn children? What type of Buddhism adds a fourth refuge? What is the essence of the Three Jewels? What is considered the ultimate expression of compassion in Mahayana? Who presented himself as a model? What offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana? What is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha? What is the Sanskrit term for virtuous behavior? What is the second practice of sīla? What does the Law of Karma say is meritorious? What is the foundation of Samdhi? What does the Law of Karma say is meritorious? What does sīla refer to? How many precepts are common to all Buddhist schools? What is the basic morality with asceticism? What do laypeople undertake to facilitate practice? What is one way to refine consciousness to such a level that rebirth in one of the lower heavens is likely? In what heavens is rebirth likely even if there is no further Buddhist practice? What is the third precept? What is the third precept on sexual misconduct? How many precepts are there? What precept is partitioned into two? How many precepts are used by novice monks? What is the specific moral code for monks and nuns? How many precepts are in the Patimokkha? What is the name of the texts on Vinaya? What does the Buddha say counts? What is the goal of the monastic rules? What do the monastic rules provide a perfect springboard for? How are monastics instructed by the Buddha to live? What is the name of the sutra for Bodhisattvas? What is frowned upon in Eastern Buddhism? In what country is the practice of vegetarianism actively encouraged? What is another name for Chán? How many types of meditation are there? What is the primary means of cultivating samyaksamādhi? What is "right concentration"? What is the state of one's mind after developing samyaksamādhi? What is the Sanskrit word for concentration? What is the Sanskrit term for insight? What is needed to achieve insight? What does samatha meditation start from? What is the Sanskrit word for tranquility? What can samatha meditation calm? What can only vipassanā meditation reveal? What is the name of the state in which all defilements are suppressed temporarily? What eradicates the defilements completely? What eradicates the defilements completely? What is the cause of human existence and suffering? What is the cause of human existence and suffering in Theravāda Buddhism? What do the defilements of the mind create? What is the ultimate goal of Theravadins? How many Noble Truths are there? What is the term for the attainment of nirvāṇa? What is the wisdom that is able to extinguish afflictions and bring about bodhi? What type of talks are considered Dharma talks? What could one in theory attain at any point of practice? What is the first step in attaining prajñā? What is the Korean word for Zen Buddhism? What is the name of the form of Buddhism that places less emphasis on scriptures than some other forms of Buddhism? What is the name of the form of Buddhism that places less emphasis on scriptures than some other forms of Buddhism? What type of breakthroughs does Zen focus on? How many main schools of Zen Buddhism are there? What is the name of the school that focuses more on shikantaza? What type of teaching is often full of paradox? What is equated with the Buddha himself? What must not be allowed to confine and bind one? What is Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism based on? What is another name for Vajrayana? What type of Buddhism is concerned with ritual and meditative practices? What type of practices are used to enhance Buddhist practice? When was the second half of the first millennium BCE? Where do scholars believe samsara, karma, and moksha originated? What was the name of the groups that rejected the authority of the Vedas and Brahmans? What type of Indian thought was the shramanas a continuation of? Where did Buddhism arise? What was the capital of the south east of Greater Magadha? When did Brahmanism begin to spread into Greater Magadha? Where did philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition reflect? Who was an atomist? What were the Ajivikas? What movement stressed that the soul must be freed from matter? What type of sacrifice did the Buddha say was introduced by Brahmins? What did the Buddha call the Vedic hymn? What type of sacrifice did the Buddha say was introduced to the Veda by Brahmins? What did the Buddha refuse to pay respect to? What is a matter of dispute about the reliability of the oldest Buddhist texts? What is the relation between dhyana and the four noble truths? What is required to achieve liberating insight in early Buddhism? What is the name of one of the early Buddhist texts that mentions the four noble truths? What theory did Schmithausen question whether karma already played a role in? What did the Buddha introduce that differed considerably from the commonly held views of his time? What does Bronkhorst agree was a Buddhist invention? What type of practices did the Buddha use to release himself? What is the name of the fourth truth in the Mahasaccakasutta? What is the term for the knowledge of the four truths? How does the four truths depict the path of practice? What is the common term for the desired goal of this practice? What is another term for Nirvāna? What is the common term for the desired goal of this practice? What was the original description of the Buddhist path? How manyfold was the description of the Buddhist path expanded? What did the four truths replace in the suttas? What does prajna mean in English? How did Gotama's teachings adjust to the need of each person? How many marks of existence may reflect Upanishadic or other influences? How many periods of Indian Buddhism are there? What is the period of the Early Buddhist schools? What is another name for Nikaya Buddhism? What is another name for Vajrayana Buddhism? What is another name for Esoteric Buddhism? What is the earliest phase of Buddhism? What is one of the Four Noble Truths? What are the Four Noble Truths? What type of council was the first? Who was called upon to recite the discourses of the Buddha? What were the discourses of the Buddha called? What was the name of the discourses that Ānanda recited? After what council did the Sangha begin to break into separate factions? After what council did the Sangha begin to break into separate factions? When did the schisms begin? Who argued that the Sthaviras were trying to expand the vinaya? What was the name of the group formed by the losing party in the Second Council dispute? What did the Mahasanghikas argue the Sthaviras were trying to expand? What school of thought gave rise to several schools of thought? What type of buildings did monks following different schools of thought live in? What type of disagreements caused schisms in the Theravāda school? What type of reworking of doctrinal material appeared in the Suttas? What are the Abhidharma texts not? When are the Abhidharma texts generally dated to? What school is not believed to have an Abhidhamma Pitaka? What sūtras are considered to be among the earliest? Where is the Kṛṣṇa River located? What genre of literature is believed to have developed among the Mahāsāṃghikas in southern India? When were the earliest versions of the Prajñāpāramitā genre written down? Where does A.K. Warder believe the Mahāyāna originated? How far back can ancient Buddhist sites in the lower Kṣṇa Valley be traced to? Where do Hirakawa believe many Early Mahayana scriptures originated? What was the name of the early school of Buddhism? What was the name of the ordination lineage from the early schools of Buddhism? What type of monasteries did both Mahyāna and non-Mahayana monks live in in India? In what language did Lokakṣema first translate Mahāyāna sūtras into? Who was the first translator of Mahāyāna sūtras into Chinese? What is considered to be one of the first versions of the Mahayana sūtras? When were Akṣobhya Buddha's texts probably composed? What type of thought was the last and most recent? What type of thought was the last and most recent? What was the name of the school of thought that had a great deal in common with Madhyamaka? Who was the emperor of the Mauryan empire? What are Buddhist religious memorials called? What are stūpas? Where were emissaries sent to spread Buddhism? What type of missionaries were the emissaries accompanied by? What was the goal of the emissaries sent to the west of India? What other civilizations were influenced by Buddhism? What Greek king was immortalized in the Buddhist canon? When did the Theravada school spread south from India? When did the Theravada school spread south from India? When were the first documented translation efforts in China? When did the Mahayana Sutras spread to China? Along with China, where did the Mahayana Sutras spread to? When did Esoteric Buddhism end? What religion is gaining strength worldwide? What is the Dharma? What is the Sangha? What is the western view of Buddhism? What type of influences lead to new forms of Buddhism that depart from traditional beliefs and practices? When did the Dalit Buddhist movement emerge? What is another name for the Dalit Buddhist movement? What is the name of the modern movement in Nichiren Buddhism? What does Soka Gakkai stand for? What is the largest lay Buddhist movement in the world? What does Soka Gakkai International stand for? What religion is practiced by 488 million? What is the country with the largest population of Buddhists? How many Buddhists live in China? How many adherents does Mahayana have? How many adherents does Theravada have? How many Buddhists are found outside of Asia? How many Buddhists were in the world in 1910? How many Buddhists were there in 2010? How many Buddhists were there in 2010? What does Hinayana mean in English? What term is used by Mahayana followers to name the family of early philosophical schools and traditions from which contemporary Theravada emerged? What do not all traditions of Buddhism treat as central? What is the name of the Buddhist ecumenical organization? What is the oldest surviving Buddhist school? What is one of the early Buddhist schools from which the Theravadins claim descent? What is considered to be the original version of scripture? Where does Theravāda have a growing presence? Who believes that personal effort is required to realize rebirth? What do laypersons produce? What was the most important Mahayana university in India? What do Mahayana schools recognize all or part of? Who did some Mahayanists believe was a manifestation of? What sutra lays the foundation for Buddhahood itself? What is another name for Eastern Buddhism? What is another name for Vajrayana? What is the most widely practiced school of Eastern Buddhism? What type of religion did the royal courts support? Who were the mantras taught in the Saiva, Garuda and Vaisnava tantras? What is the name of the work that prescribes acting as a Saiva guru and initiating members into Saiva Siddhanta scriptures? What type of Buddhist texts are written in Pāli, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Chinese? What do some schools venerate certain texts as? What is the one central text that is universally referred to by all traditions? What do Tibetan Buddhists not translate? What do some scholars consider the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas to be? What has been seen by some as presenting barriers to the wider understanding of Buddhism? What was championed as a unifying scripture in Sri Lanka? What type of Buddhism is the Dhammapada? What is the name of the tradition that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes? What philosophy did Dwight Goddard focus on in his Buddhist Bible? What is the name of the book that Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar attempted to create? What is the name of the book that contains the Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka? What is the name of the book that contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha? What is the name of the book that contains disciplinary rules for Buddhist monks and nuns? Which Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha? What is the name of the book that contains systematic expositions of Gautama Buddha's teachings? What is the only early Tipitaka to survive intact in its original language? How many pitakas did some early schools of Buddhism have? Who presided over the first Buddhist council? What was the goal of the first Buddhist council? Who recited the vinaya? Who was the Buddha's personal attendant? What did Ānanda recite at the first Buddhist council? What is the name of the school that preserved teachings from the early, non-sectarian body of teachings? Who added texts to the Canon for some time? What are a broad genre of Buddhist scriptures? What are a broad genre of Buddhist scriptures? What is one of the early teachings of the Buddha that was criticized by Nagarjuna? What is the name of the Great Vehicle? What is the name of the path of the bodhisattva? What is the name of the path of the Buddha that seeks to liberate all living beings from unhappiness? What sutras were transmitted in secret? What sutras were transmitted in secret? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? How many Mahayana sutras have survived in Sanskrit? What type of Buddhism recognizes some sutras regarded by scholars as of Chinese rather than Indian origin? When did the Mahayana sutras start to influence the behavior of mainstream Buddhists in India? What was the pejorative label given to those who rejected the Mahayana sutras? What school does not include the Mahayana scriptures in its canon? Where did the Theravada school establish itself? What is the modern term for the Theravada school? What term was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion? What was the more politically correct and more usual term used by Mahāyānists? What provides many opportunities for comparative study with a diverse range of subjects? What does Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way provide a guideline for? Along with moral and spiritual, what aspect of Buddhism has been studied? Buddhism's moral and spiritual parallels with what other system of thought have been studied? What type of thought has the concept of dependent origination been compared to? What is another name for Buddhism? What is another name for Buddhism? Who created American Idol? Who produces American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? What is the name of the British singing competition show that American Idol is based on? On what television network did American Idol first air? Who produces American Idol? What is the name of the British singing competition show that American Idol is based on? Who created American Idol? Who produces American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? What is the name of the British singing competition show that American Idol is based on? Who were the original judges of American Idol? Who was the original host of American Idol? What actress is on the American Idol judging panel? Who was the original host of American Idol? Who was the original host of American Idol? Who was the original judge on American Idol? What actress is on the American Idol judging panel? Who were the original judges of American Idol? Who was the original judge on American Idol? Who is the judge on American Idol? What country singer is on the American Idol judging panel? Who is on the American Idol judging panel? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned in its first 10 years? Who is an example of a pop idol from American Idol? Who said American Idol was the most impactful show in the history of television? Who is an example of a pop idol from American Idol? Who is one of the pop idols that American Idol has spawned? Who is an example of a pop idol from American Idol? Who is one of the pop idols that American Idol has spawned? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned in its first 10 years? Who said American Idol was the most impactful show in the history of television? When did American Idol end its fifteenth season? When did American Idol end its fifteenth season? On what date did American Idol end its fifteenth season? How many consecutive years did American Idol rank number one in U.S. television ratings? When was American Idol's fifteenth season announced? What New Zealand television singing competition inspired American Idol? Who created American Idol? When did American Idol debut in Britain? Who was one of the judges on American Idol? Who helped bring American Idol to Britain? What New Zealand television singing competition inspired American Idol? Who helped bring American Idol to Britain? What type of voting was used on American Idol? When did American Idol debut in Britain? Who was the showrunner of American Idol in Britain? How many seasons did American Idol hold the most-watched show in the US? When did American Idol: The Search for a Superstar debut? When did American Idol try to sell to the U.S.? Who convinced Rupert Murdoch to buy American Idol? Who was the head of Fox? What was the new name of American Idol? How many seasons did the original judges stay on the judging panel for? How many judges were originally supposed to be on the show? Who was the fourth judge in the second season? Who was the original fourth judge for the show? How many judges were originally supposed to be on the show? Who was the original fourth judge for the show? Who was the fourth judge in the second season? How many seasons did the original judges stay on the judging panel? Who was added as a fourth judge in season 8? Who replaced Paula Abdul in season 9? How long did Kara DioGuardi stay on the show? When did Simon Cowell announce he was leaving the show? What was the name of the American version of The X Factor that Cowell introduced in 2011? Who was added as a fourth judge in season 8? When did Paula Abdul leave the show? When did Simon Cowell announce he was leaving the show? Who replaced Paula Abdul in season 9? When did Kara DioGuardi leave the show? In what season was Lionel Richie a guest judge? Who was the season 14 runner-up? In what season was Quentin Tarantino a guest judge? In what season was Olivia Newton-John a guest judge? In what season did Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry appear on the show? Who were two of the guest judges in season two? In what season was Shania Twain a guest judge? In what season was Quentin Tarantino a guest judge? Who was the sole emcee of the show starting with season two? Who co-hosted the first season of the show? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fifteenth season? What two things did the permanent mentors help the contestants with? Who was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fifteenth season? What is the upper limit for contestants on The Voice? In what season was the upper age limit raised to 28? What is the final stage of the competition? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? Who selects the contestants to go to Hollywood? How many people make it past the preliminary round of auditions? What is the only audition stage shown on television? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? What is the name of the show's producers? Where are the contestants sent to after the preliminary round? In what season was the group round eliminated? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody after the first round? How many rounds of eliminations are there in Hollywood? In what season did the executive producers split up the females and males to form the groups in the group round? How many rounds of eliminations are there in Hollywood? In what type of groups do the contestants perform in Hollywood? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody after the first round? In what city did the Sudden Death round take place? What was the name of the Las Vegas round in season 12? In what season did the Las Vegas round become a Sudden Death round? How many text messages were sent to American Idol in season 8? When was online voting offered for the first time on American Idol? Who verifies the votes? When is the fate of the contestants decided by public vote? How many votes were cast in the first season of American Idol? How many votes were cast in season ten? How many finalists were there in season one? What round did the first three seasons of The Voice feature? How many groups were there in season one? How many groups were there in the first three seasons? How many groups were there in season one? How many finalists were there in season one? How many finalists were there in the first three seasons? How many semi-finalists were there? How were the semi-finalists divided? How many semi-finalists remained to form the top twelve? How many semi-finalists remained to form the top twelve? How many semi-finalists were there? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to form the final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to form the final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to compose the final 13? In what season did the wildcard round return? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to form the final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many wildcards were chosen in season 11? Where are the finals of The Voice broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor in season 10 of The Voice? How many weeks did season 12 of The Voice last? How many weeks did the finals of The Voice last in season one? Where are the finals of The Voice broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor in season 10 of The Voice? How many weeks did the finals last in the first season? How many songs are performed for the top four or five contestants? How many seasons did Idol have a Judges' Save? How many times can the judges' save be used? Where is the contestant with the lowest number of votes usually sent? In what season was the first ever Idol Gives Back episode? How many seasons were there? What is the name of the Twitter account that viewers can use to vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What is the name of the Twitter vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What is the name of the Twitter account that viewers can use to vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What is the first group of contestants to be voted on? Where was the finale of the show held in seasons 7 through 13? How many people can the Dolby Theatre hold? What is the name of the last episode of the season? Where was the finale of the show broadcast for seasons one through six? How many people can the Dolby Theatre hold? How many people can the Gibson Amphitheatre hold? Where was the finale of the show held in seasons 7 through 13? What is the name of the American Idol management company that has the right to sign all contestants? What record label did the winner of American Idol sign with in the fourteenth season? How long does a major label have the right of first refusal to sign contestants? What does the winner receive? What is the name of the American Idol management company that has the right to sign all contestants? What record label did the winner of American Idol sign with in the fourteenth season? What does a successful contestant receive? What does a successful contestant receive? Who votes for the contestants? What season was the first to allow contestants to perform with a musical instrument? Who led the American Idol band from season 10 onwards? When did the American Idol results shows move to Wednesdays and Thursdays? Who led the American Idol band from season four to season 9? Who led the American Idol band from season four to season 9? Who led the American Idol band from season 10 onwards? What season was the first to allow contestants to perform with a musical instrument? On what network did American Idol first air? When did American Idol debut? Who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? When did American Idol debut? On what network did American Idol first air? Who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? How many contestants were selected from the audition rounds? How many people attended the audition rounds? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? Who was eliminated at the top four? Where was Christina Christian when she was eliminated? How many contestants were selected from the audition rounds? How many contestants made it to the semifinal? Who was disqualified for lying to evade the show's age limit? At what stage of the competition was Tamyra Gray eliminated? Who was hospitalized before the top six result show? When did Kelly Clarkson win the competition? Who was one of the early favorites? When did Kelly Clarkson win the crown? Who was one of the early favorites? Who won the crown? When did Kelly Clarkson win the crown? What was the name of the song that broke a 38-year-old record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the name of the musical film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many album sales has Clarkson had worldwide? What was the name of the song that broke a 38-year-old record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the coronation song? What was the name of the song that broke a 38-year-old record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? Who held the previous record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the name of the musical film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many album sales has Clarkson had worldwide? When was the second season moved up to air? Who was a correspondent for the second season? When was the second season moved up to air? Who was a correspondent for the second season? Who did Corey Clark claim gave him preferential treatment on the show? What semi-finalist had previously modelled for an adult website? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? Who was disqualified for an arrest on an assault charge? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? What semi-finalist had previously modelled for an adult website? Who was disqualified for an arrest on an assault charge? Who was the winner of the season five of The Voice? How many votes did Studdard get? Who led the fan voting from the wildcard week onward until the finale? How many votes did Studdard get over Aiken? Who was the executive producer of The Voice in season five? Who was the winner of the season five of The Voice? Who led the fan voting from the wildcard week onward until the finale? How many votes did Studdard get over Aiken? How many votes did Studdard get? Who led the fan voting from the wildcard week onward until the finale? What was Studdard's coronation song? Who was the fourth-place finisher? What was the name of Aiken's single from the show? What was Studdard's coronation song? What was the name of Aiken's single from the show? Who performed Studdard's coronation song? Who was the fourth-place finisher? When did season three of American Idol begin? Who was one of the most talked about contestants during the audition process? Who was one of the most talked about contestants during the audition process? When did season three of American Idol begin? Who was one of the most talked about contestants during the audition process? Who was one of the most talked about contestants during the audition process? What was the name given to the three black singers? Who was eliminated from the show? Who called the votes "incredibly racist"? Who received a death threat? What was the name given to the three black singers? Who was eliminated from the show? Who called the votes "incredibly racist"? Who received a death threat? 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On what date was Sanjaya Malakar voted off? What was the name of the telethon-inspired event? How much money did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was eliminated in the final three? What was the name of the telethon-inspired event? Which two contestants were eliminated the next week? Who was eliminated in the final three? Who was declared the winner? Who was the runner-up? When was the season finale? When was the season finale? Who was declared the winner? Who was the runner-up? When did season four of "The Voice" begin? How many people attended the auditions in season four? How old was the age limit on "The Voice" in season four? What was the first season to be aired in high definition? What was the first season to be aired in high definition? When did season four of "The Voice" begin? In what format was the finale of season three aired? How many people attended the auditions in season four? How old was the age limit on "The Voice" in season four? When was "This Is My Now" released? What was the winning song of the American Idol Songwriter contest? How many songs were selected for the coronation song contest? What contest allowed fans to vote for the coronation song? What is the name of the American Idol Songwriter contest? How many entries were selected for the public vote? What was the winning song of the American Idol Songwriter contest? When was "This Is My Now" released? When did season seven of The Bachelor begin? Who was one of the contestants that attracted some attention due to his past employment as a stripper? Which contestant had a prior recording contract? When did season seven of The Bachelor premiere? Who was one of the contestants that attracted some attention due to his past employment as a stripper? What did the media focus on? Which contestant had a prior recording contract? What was the name of the song that David Cook performed? Who was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations? 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When was David Cook announced the winner of the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? What was the winning song of the American Idol Songwriter contest? What contest was held this season? When was the winning song released? What was the winning song of the American Idol Songwriter contest? When was the winning song released? When did season 8 of The Bachelor begin? Who was the first contestant to be widowed on the show? What position did Mike Darnell hold for Fox? When did season eight of The Bachelor begin? When did season 8 of The Bachelor begin? Who is the president of alternative programming for Fox? Who was the first contestant to be widowed on the show? Who was the fourth judge on Idol in 2009? How long was the Hollywood round? What was Nigel Lythgoe working on? Where was the Hollywood round moved to for 2009? Why was Idol Gives Back canceled for this season? How many judges were on the 2009 season of Idol? Who was the fourth judge on Idol in 2009? What was Nigel Lythgoe working on? Where was the Hollywood round moved to for 2009? What was canceled for this season due to the global recession? How many finalists were there this season? Who was saved from elimination by the judges? How many finalists were there this season? How many finalists were there this season? Who were the next two finalists to be eliminated? How many finalists were there this season? How many finalists were there this season? Who was saved from elimination by the judges? Who won the contest in the most controversial voting result since season two? Who won the contest? Where did AT&T employees give lessons on power-texting at viewing parties? How many votes did Kris Allen get? Who won the contest? In what season did Kris Allen win the contest? How many votes did Kris Allen get? Who gave lessons on power-texting at viewing parties in Arkansas? What was the title of the coronation song? Who co-wrote the coronation song "No Boundaries"? What was the title of the coronation song? Who co-wrote the coronation song "No Boundaries"? What was the first season in which the winner failed to achieve platinum album status? How many albums from the first season of American Idol achieved platinum album status in the US? When did season nine of The Voice begin? Who replaced Paula Abdul? What is the name of the week that marks the start of season nine of The Voice? When did season nine of The Voice begin? Who replaced Paula Abdul? Who replaced Paula Abdul? What is the name of the week that marks the start of season nine of The Voice? Who was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? What was the cause of Crystal Bowersox's illness? Who was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis? What was Crystal Bowersox hospitalized for? What was rearranged to allow Crystal to perform the following night? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? Who was Ken Warwick? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? How many votes did Michael Lynche get? Who was the first Idol alum to be a mentor? How much did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? Who was the first Idol alum to be a mentor? Who received a special tribute in the finale of The X-Factor? Who did the finale of The X-Factor pay tribute to? Who received a special tribute in the finale of The X-Factor? Who made an appearance in the finale of the show? Who was declared the winner? What U2 song did DeWyze and Bowersox cover? When was the finale of The Voice? Who was declared the winner? What U2 song did DeWyze and Bowersox cover? What song did Bowersox choose as the coronation song? When did season ten of American Idol begin? How many seasons of American Idol were there? Who was the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? What was Simon Cowell's US version of American Idol called? Who returned as executive producer of American Idol? When did season ten of American Idol premiere? Who returned as executive producer of American Idol? Who joined Randy Jackson as judges? Who was the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? What season was the first to include online auditions? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? In what round was Chris Medina eliminated? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? In what round was Chris Medina eliminated? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? What was the final result show of the season? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13? Who was one of the presumed favorites to advance far in the season? What actor criticized Pia Toscano's elimination? Who was one of the presumed favorites to advance far in the season? What actor criticized Pia Toscano's elimination? What genre of music did Scotty McCreery sing? Who won American Idol in 2011? What was Scotty McCreery's coronation song? What was the name of the song that Lauren Alaina released? What was Ruben Studdard's debut album called? When did Scotty McCreery win American Idol? Who won American Idol in 2011? Who was the youngest male artist to reach No. 1 on the Billboard 200 in 2003? When did season 11 of The Voice begin? How many finalist made it to the Top 24? Who was disqualified for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants? When did season 11 of "The Voice" begin? Who was disqualified for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants? On what date was Jermaine Jones disqualified? What was Jermaine Jones disqualified for? Who was the finalist of American Idol who suffered from kidney pain? What was Phillip Phillips' kidney blockage caused by? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have? Who was the finalist of American Idol who suffered from kidney pain? Who was the finalist of American Idol who suffered from kidney pain? What was Phillip Phillips suffering from? Who was the first female recipient of the save? Who was the first female recipient of the save? Who was the only contestant sent home? How many contestants made it to the finale? How many votes did Jessica Sanchez get in the Top 7? Who was the first female recipient of the save? Who was the only contestant sent home? Who did Ace Young propose marriage to? How many seasons of The Bachelor were there? How many seasons of The Bachelor were there? Who was the winner of the season five finale? In what season did Ace Young propose marriage to Diana DeGarmo? What season did Ace Young propose to Diana DeGarmo? What is the best selling coronation song? What was Sanchez's coronation song called? What is the best selling coronation song? What was Sanchez's coronation song called? What is the best selling coronation song? When did season 12 of "The Voice" begin? Who left the show after two seasons? Where was the video of Minaj and Carey's dispute leaked to? When did season 12 of "The Voice" begin? How many judges were on the season 12 panel? How many females were in the top 10? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants were in the top 10? How many females were in the top 10? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants were given an extra week to perform? Who won American Idol? Who was the runner-up on American Idol? What was the name of the single that Candice Glover released after winning American Idol? What was the name of the single released by Kree Harrison after the show? Who won American Idol? Who was the runner-up on American Idol? What was the name of the single that Candice Glover released after winning American Idol? What was the name of the single released by Kree Harrison after the show? What was the first season that the runner-up was not signed by a music label? Who was the last judge to leave the show? How many seasons did Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj leave the show? Who was the last judge to leave the show? Which two judges left the show after one season? When did the thirteenth season of American Idol begin? Who was the host of the thirteenth season? What role did Randy Jackson take on in the thirteenth season? Who replaced Gregg Gelfand as a director of the show? When did the thirteenth season of American Idol begin? Who moved from the judging panel to the role of in-mentor? Who joined Urban on the panel? Who joined Keith Urban on the panel? Who replaced Nigel Lythgoe as a director of the audition episodes? Who received the fewest votes? What was the name of the 500th episode of The Voice? What did the contestants write? Who received the fewest votes? Who received the fewest votes in the Top 8? What was the name of the 500th episode of The Voice? Who was the winner of the season? Who was the runner-up? What was Caleb Johnson's coronation single? What was the name of the runner-up single? Who was the winner of the season? Who was the runner-up? What was Caleb Johnson's coronation single? What was the name of the runner-up single? When did the 14th season of "American Idol" begin? Who returned to host the 14th season of American Idol? Who filled in for Urban during the New York City auditions? Who were the judges for the fourth, third, and second seasons of American Idol? Who did not return as the in-house mentor for this season? When did the fourteenth season of American Idol begin? Who filled in for Urban during the New York City auditions? How many episodes a week did the show air during the final ten? What company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which car company maintained a reduced role in the show? What record label did the winner of the show receive? How many episodes a week did the show air during the final ten? What company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which car company maintained a reduced role in the show? What record label did the winner of the show receive? Who won the season? Who won the season? Who was the third place finalist? What was the name of the coronation single that Nick Fradiani released? What was the name of Jax's single? Who won the season? Who won the season? What was the name of the coronation single that Nick Fradiani released? What was the name of Clark Beckham's single? Who was the third place finalist? When was the fifteenth season of American Idol announced? What is the final season of American Idol? How many judges are returning for the fifteenth season of American Idol? Who are the judges of the fifteenth season of American Idol? Who is the host of American Idol? When was the fifteenth season of American Idol announced? Who is the host of American Idol? How many contestants have appeared in the finals of all seasons of American Idol? When was the first season of American Idol? Where does 48% of Idol contestants have some connection to? Where is Chris Daughtry from? Where is Chris Daughtry from? How many of the fourteen Idol winners have come from the Southern United States? Who are some of the notable finalists of American Idol from North Carolina? How many CDs were sold by American Idol contestants through January 2010? What percentage of households in the East Central region were more likely to watch American Idol in 2009? How many CDs were sold by American Idol contestants through January 2010? How many CDs were sold by American Idol contestants in 2010? What was the name of the season five winner of American Idol? What state did Taylor Hicks come from? Where do many people get their start in public singing? Where do many people get their start in public singing? What state did Taylor Hicks come from? What is the "WGWG" factor? Who was the winner of season eleven of American Idol? What is the name of Richard Rushfield's book? How many consecutive seasons was the title given to a white male who plays the guitar? What instrument does the WGWG factor refer to? What is the "WGWG" factor? Who wrote the book American Idol: The Untold Story? Who was the winner of season eleven of American Idol? Who did the contestants have to sign a contract with that gave excessive control over their future career? Who beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? Who did Ruben Studdard beat in a close vote? When did Vote for the Worst close? How many more text votes were there in season 8 than season 7? In what season did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? In what season did the massive increase in text votes cause the texting controversy? What type of voting has been a concern from the beginning of the show? When did Vote for the Girls start? When did Vote for the Worst close? What is the name of the charity event that started in season 6 of Idol? How much money has Idol Gives Back raised? What is the name of the charity event that started in season 6 of Idol? In what season was Idol Gives Back first held? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers watched American Idol's first episode? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? When did American Idol premiere? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers watched American Idol's first episode? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? How many viewers watched the season premiere of American Idol? How many viewers watched American Idol's fourth season? Who won the finale night of American Idol? In what season did American Idol become the most watched series on American TV for the first time? What is the highest-rated season of American Idol? How many viewers watched the season premiere of American Idol? How many viewers watched American Idol's fourth season? What season did American Idol become the most watched series on American TV for the first time? Which season of American Idol had the highest-rated debut episode? Which season of American Idol had the highest-rated debut episode? What was 'American Idol' dubbed? What network aired The Cosby Show? Which season of American Idol had the highest-rated debut episode? What was 'American Idol' dubbed? What happened to American Idol's viewership over the course of the season? What was the first season of American Idol where the results show was rated higher than the competition stages? In what season did "Modern Family" become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time? What was the cause of the fall in viewership across all networks in 2007-2008? In what season did "Modern Family" become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time? Who was eliminated from "The Walking Dead" in season 7? In what season did "Modern Family" become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time? What network was the most watched TV network in the country for the first time since its inception? What was the cause of the fall in viewership across all networks in 2007-2008? What network broadcast the 2010 Winter Olympics? What network's All in the Family was the most watched TV show for the sixth year in a row? When did the Winter Olympics take place? What event beat American Idol in the ratings in season 9? How many viewers watched the Winter Olympics on February 17, 2010? How long streak of perfection was broken in season 9? What was the median age of viewers in the 18-49 demo in the 2010-11 season? What was the median age of viewers on "The Simpsons" in its first season? What was the median age of viewers on "The Simpsons" in its first season? What was the median age of viewers in the 18-49 demo in the 2010-11 season? How many years had American Idol had the longest period of 18-49 demographic victory? Which network had the longest period of 18/49 demographic victory in the Nielsen ratings? How long had American Idol had the longest period of 18-49 demographic victory? How many viewers did American Idol have in season 12? What was the season viewers average for American Idol? When was American Idol first ranked in the Nielsen Top 30? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? How many viewers did American Idol have in season 12? What was the major sponsor of American Idol in season 14? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol in 2015? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season of American Idol would be its last? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol in 2015? How many seasons of American Idol were aired in the 90s and 2000s? How many consecutive years had Idol been the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults 1 to 49? What network was the number one U.S. TV network in adults 18-49 by 2012? What network was the number one U.S. TV network in adults 18-49 by 2012? Who was the creator of Glee? What non-singing TV show was inspired by The X Factor? What is the name of the singing competition show that is similar to The X Factor? What is one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history? What is one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history? What is one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history? How many number ones did American Idol alumni achieve in the U.S. in its first ten years? Who is the president of Mediabase? Who had the most radio spins by 2010? How many number ones did American Idol alumni achieve in the U.S. in its first ten years? Who is the author of books on the Billboard charts? How many American Idol winners had more than a million radio spins by 2010? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many albums have American Idol alumni released? How many albums have American Idol alumni released in the U.S.? How many albums have American Idol alumni released? How many albums have American Idol alumni released in the U.S.? Who won an Academy Award for her performance in Dreamgirls? What was Debra Byrd's profession? What type of theater has many of the alumni of American Idol forged successful careers in? Who won an Academy Award for her performance in Dreamgirls? What musical did Jennifer Hudson win a role in? Who recommended Jennifer Hudson for Dreamgirls? What magazine said that American Idol was "crazy entertaining"? What did the season one winner sing at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the 9/11 attacks? Who said that American Idol was "crazy entertaining"? What magazine said that American Idol was "crazy entertaining"? Who said American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster"? Where was the season one winner of American Idol sent to sing the national anthem? What magazine did Michael Slezak work for? Who did Ramin Setoodeh accuse of being mean? Who disparaged the contestants on Idol? What magazine did Ramin Setoodeh work for? What did Sheryl Crow think Idol promoted? Who said that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook"? Who did Ramin Setoodeh accuse of being mean? Who disparaged the contestants on Idol? Who turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? When did Carrie Underwood win Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who said that Carrie Underwood has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve the award? Who was a mentor on American Idol? Who won Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards in 2006? Who did LeAnn Rimes think Carrie Underwood should have won Best Female Artist in the Country Music Awards in 2006? Who said that Carrie Underwood has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve the award? Who turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? What genre of music has Idol alumni had the most success in? What genre of music does CMT exec say Idol and country music go together well? How many times was American Idol nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program? Who won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009? How many Creative Arts Emmys did American Idol win in 2011? What edition of American Idol won the Governor's Award in 2007? How many times was American Idol nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program? What award did American Idol win in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition? How much money did American Idol earn in 2004? What was the total TV revenue for the first eight seasons of American Idol? What theme park attraction did American Idol partner with Disney on? How much money did American Idol earn in 2004? What company partnered with American Idol in its theme park attraction? When did American Idol become the most expensive series on broadcast networks for advertisers? How much did American Idol sell for a 30-second spot in the finale? How much did a 30-second spot on American Idol cost in 2014? How much did American Idol sell for a 30-second spot in season 7? When did American Idol become the most expensive series on broadcast networks for advertisers? How much was American Idol's advertising revenue in season 8? What was the original cost of American Idol's first season? What was the original cost of American Idol's first season? What was the name of the third major sponsor of American Idol? When did Coca-Cola end its sponsorship of American Idol? How many seasons has iTunes been a sponsor of American Idol? How much did Coca-Cola's American Idol sponsorship cost in season one? How much did Coca-Cola's American Idol sponsorship cost in season 7? What was the name of the third major sponsor of American Idol? What technology was used as a means to vote on American Idol? How many product placements did American Idol have by season six? Who declined to sponsor American Idol at the start of the show? What was the name of the American version of Cowell's X Factor? Who declined to sponsor American Idol at the start of the show? What was the name of the American version of Cowell's X Factor? Where did PepsiCo rank in the American Idol market in 2010? What was the most successful tour? What candy company was a sponsor of the season 9 tour? What was added to the season 12 tour? What was the sponsor of the first seven seasons? What candy company was a sponsor of the season 9 tour? What was the most successful tour? In what season were live performances and studio recordings of American Idol made available from iTunes? How many seasons of American Idol were released as a compilation album? Where were live performances and studio recordings of American Idol made available in season 7? What is the name of the winner's single? How were recordings of the first five seasons of American Idol released? What is the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program? Where were live performances and studio recordings of American Idol made available in season 7? What is the name of the label that holds the rights to phonographic material recorded by American Idol contestants? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol in 2010? What is the name of the company that partnered with 19 Entertainment to promote and distribute American Idol recordings? Who owns the rights to phonographic material recorded by American Idol contestants? What is the name of the label that holds the rights to phonographic material recorded by American Idol contestants? What is the name of the company that partnered with 19 Entertainment to promote and distribute American Idol recordings? Who was the music label for American Idol from 2008-2010? What label replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol in 2010? Who created The American Idol Experience? When did The American Idol Experience debut? When did the American Idol Experience close? Who co-produced The American Idol Experience? When did The American Idol Experience debut? Where was the American Idol Experience held? What did the winner of the finals show receive? When did the American Idol Experience close? How many nations outside of the United States is American Idol broadcast to? Who dropped American Idol after its thirteenth season? When did Yes TV take over the Canadian rights to American Idol? What Canadian television network picked up the Canadian rights to American Idol in 2014? How many nations outside of the United States is American Idol broadcast to? Which two Canadian networks broadcast American Idol in the first thirteen seasons? What Canadian television network picked up the Canadian rights to American Idol in 2014? What is the name of the Italian channel that broadcast the twelfth season of the show? How long after the U.S. broadcast? What is the name of the television station in southeast Asia that broadcasts the show every Thursday and Friday 9 or 10 hours after its US broadcast? On what days of the week is the show broadcast in southeast Asia? What is the name of the television station in southeast Asia that broadcasts the show every Thursday and Friday 9 or 10 hours after its US broadcast? What is the name of the Italian channel that broadcast the twelfth season of the show? What is the term for contestants who are planted by the producers? How many consecutive years was American Idol ranked number one in the Nielsen ratings? How many consecutive years has American Idol been ranked number one in the Nielsen ratings? What is another name for the domestic dog? What type of dog is the Canis lupus familiaris? How long has the domestic dog been selectively bred? What are some of the physical attributes of the domestic dog? When were genetic studies undertaken that indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid? How long ago did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? Where did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? What type of diet do dogs thrive on? What type of studies indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What do some cultures use dogs for? What Proto-Germanic word is represented in Old English finger-docce? From where does the term dog possibly derive? What is the Old English word for "powerful dog breed"? From where does the term dog possibly derive? What was the general word for all domestic canines in England in the 14th century? What was the prototype of the category "hound"? In what century did dog become the general word for all domestic canines? What was the general word for all domestic canines in England in the 14th century? When did dog become the general word for all domestic canines? What did hound only refer to types of canines used for? What is the Proto-Indo-European word for "dog"? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the French word for puppies? What is the process of birth called? What is a female dog called? What is a female dog called? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the mother of a litter called? What are offspring called? What is the Latin word for dog? When was Linnaeus' classification of species published? Who published a categorization of species which included the Canis species? What species of dog was classified as Canis lupus? What was the name of the first edition of the Mammal Species of the World? What is the Latin word for dog? What does Canis familiaris mean? What is the Latin name for the wolf? What is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog? When was the first edition of Mammal Species of the World listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus? When did the ICZN rule that wild animals and domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What is the name of the third edition of the Mammal Species of the World? What name do some internationally recognized researchers prefer to use? Who ruled in 2003 that if wild animals and domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientificName of the wild animal? What name do some internationally recognized researchers prefer to use? Who ruled in 2003 that if wild animals and domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientificName of the wild animal? What was the name given to the domestic dog as a subspecies? How many sister monophyletic clades do dogs and gray wolves have? What is the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves? Who are the earliest dogs believed to have evolved from? Where is the Taimyr wolf from? Who were the earliest dogs believed to have come from? What are modern dogs more closely related to than modern gray wolves? What is the name of the wolf of North Asia? What breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal? What do dogs have teeth for? What type of animals are dogs? What part of the dog's body is fused? What kind of endurance does a dog have? What do dogs have teeth for? What type of animals are dogs? What are dogs highly variable in? What is the largest known dog? What is the largest known dog? What is the name for the coat of dogs originating from colder climates? What type of hair does a double coat have? What is the name for the coat of dogs originating from colder climates? What is the only type of coat that is single? What is a common natural camouflage pattern? What part of a countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces? What is a common natural camouflage pattern? What type of coloring does a countershaded animal have on its upper surfaces? What is the effect of countershading on an animal's general appearance? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? What type of ailments do some breeds of dogs have? fleas, ticks, and mites are examples of what? What does pyometra affect? What type of dogs are most affected by pyometra? fleas, ticks, and mites are examples of what? What is theobromine poisoning? What is an example of a food that can be toxic to dogs? What is an example of a food that can be toxic to dogs? What is the name of the chemical in chocolate that is toxic to dogs? What is theobromine poisoning? What substance in tobacco can be dangerous to dogs? What type of chocolate is most likely to be fatal to dogs? How long do mixed breeds live on average? What is the effect of a dog's body-weight on its lifespan? In what year did a study find that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds? How much longer do mixed breeds live than pure breeds? What is the median lifespan of a population of dogs? What is the breed with the shortest lifespan? What is the median longevity of the Dogue de Bordeaux? What is the median longevities of Miniature Bull Terriers? What is the breed with the shortest lifespan? What is the median longevity of the Dogue de Bordeaux? What is the median longevities of the longest-lived breeds? What is the name of the dog widely reported to be the longest-lived? What is the world's oldest living dog? When did "Bluey" die? What is the name of the dog widely reported to be the longest-lived? When did "Bluey" die? What is the world's oldest living dog? How long can sexual maturity be delayed for some large breeds? What does the body prepare for? How long can sexual maturity be delayed for some large breeds? What is the time at which female dogs have their first estrous cycle? How long does it take for a dog to have a litter? How long is the average gestation for a dog? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? How long is the average gestation for a dog? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? What is the term for the sterilization of animals? What animal control agency advises that dogs not intended for further breeding should be neutered? What part of a male dog is usually removed to be neutered? What parts of a dog's reproductive system are removed during neutering? What part of a male dog is usually removed to be neutered? What parts of a dog's reproductive system are removed during neutering? What should dogs not intended for further breeding be done? What reduces problems caused by hypersexuality in male dogs? What does neutering cause in female dogs? What type of dog is less likely to develop some forms of cancer? What does neutering cause in female dogs? What type of cancer does neutering increase the risk of in males? What dog knew the labels of over 200 different items? What is the name of the border collie that could associate over 1,000 words by verbal command? What human body language does a dog have the ability to read? What type of dog can outperform domestic dogs in a non-social problem-solving experiment? What do modern domestic dogs use to solve their problems for them? What is the ability of a dog to perceive information and retain it as knowledge for applying to solve problems? How many labels did Rico know? What type of memory skills do dogs have? How many words did Chaser know? How long ago are dogs thought to have been around? How long have dogs been in contact with humans? What are some of the social-cognitive skills of human children? How long have dogs been in contact with humans? How long have dogs been in contact with humans? What is the internally coordinated responses of the domestic dog to internal and/or external stimuli? Dogs have acquired the ability to do what more than any other species? What are some of the social-cognitive skills of human children? What are some examples of gustatory communication? How do humans communicate with dogs? What is about how dogs "speak" to each other? How do humans communicate with dogs? What is the skin of domestic dogs thicker than that of wolves? What is the cause of the dog's limp ears? What is one way to tell the difference between domestic dogs and gray wolves? How often do gray wolves enter estrus? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes were found between wolves and dogs in 2016? What two traits were selected for during dog domestication? What is an example of a selection for? What do dogs generally show reduced of compared to wolves? What were dogs initially selected for? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes were found between wolves and dogs in 2016? What do dogs generally show reduced fear of? What is the estimated global dog population? What is the estimated global dog population? What are all dog population estimates based on? What are large wild dogs considered to be? What do some wolves display when attacking dogs? What are apex predators? What are large wild dogs considered to be? What animal do wolves in Croatia kill more frequently than dogs? Who is reported to kill dogs more frequently than sheep in Croatia? What animal is known to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards? What are major predators of village dogs in Turkmenistan, India, and the Caucasus? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? Who are known to have a predilection for dogs? What type of cat is known to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? What are major predators of village dogs in Turkmenistan, India, and the Caucasus? What type of diet are dogs described as? Along with vegetables and grains, what is an example of a food that dogs can consume a large portion of? What type of diet are dogs not dependent on? What type of diet are dogs described as? What do dogs not need to consume in order to fulfill their basic dietary requirements? What type of diet do dogs thrive on? How old are most dog breeds? What are dogs artificially selected for? How has the dog developed into hundreds of varied breeds? What is the most common dog breed? How old are most dog breeds? How many years old are most dog breeds? What is another name for grays? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What are modern dog breeds? What have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species? What are modern dog breeds? What is unsystematic about the way kennel clubs classify dogs? How many major types of dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are two examples of "old world" dogs? What type of dog is the Border Collie? How many major types of dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What is another term for "old world dogs"? What is another term for "modern- or "hunting"-type dogs? What is an example of a complex behavior that domestic dogs inherited from their wolf ancestors? What do dogs have in common with humans? What is one of the most successful species on the planet today? What is an example of a complex behavior that domestic dogs inherited from their wolf ancestors? What group of people are considered to be the "man's best friend"? What type of individuals do dogs assist? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What do some cultures use dogs as a source of? What did dogs clean up? What is the Australian Aboriginal expression for an exceptionally cold night? How would dogs have alerted the camp to predators or strangers? What did dogs clean up? What is the Australian Aboriginal expression for an exceptionally cold night? What was an important factor in wolf domestication? When was a study of hunter groups with and without a dog done? What sense of smell did dogs have that allowed them to assist with the hunt? What animal was domesticated due to the presence of a dog? What type of dog may have been critical to the success of the waves that entered North America 12,000 years ago? What is the name of the land bridge that immigrants from Siberia walked across to reach North America? How long ago was the earliest evidence of dog-like canids in North America? How long ago did the waves that entered North America arrive? What was the only domesticated animal for the Athabascan population? What tribes used dogs as pack animals? What was the first domesticated animal to be introduced to North America? What animal was found buried with the remains of an elderly human and a four- to five-month-old puppy at Ain Mallaha? What is the most widespread form of interspecies bonding? When did pet dog populations grow significantly? In what decade did the role of the pet dog increase? Where were dogs kept in the 1950s and 1960s? What is the most widespread form of interspecies bonding? Where were dogs kept in the 1950s and 1960s? In what decade did the role of the pet dog increase? What is the first trend in the changing status of pet dogs? How many major trends have there been in the changing status of pet? How many major trends in the changing status of pet dogs have there been? What is the first trend in the changing status of pet dogs? How are dogs included in everyday routines and practices? What type of forms are available to transform a pet dog into an ideal companion? When was dog training first an organized activity? What do dogs do to establish territory through scent? When was dog training first organized? What do dogs do to establish territory through scent? What is an organized activity that can be traced back to the 18th century? What do most people with dogs describe their pet as? What is the name of the television program that promotes a dominance model of dog-human relationships? What do most people with dogs describe their pet as? What is the name of the television program that promotes a dominance model of dog-human relationships? What do dogs bring in from the lawn? What do dogs lick in the dishwasher? What type of dance is dog yoga? What do many dogs have in families? What do dogs bring in from the lawn? How many people in the US own dogs? How many people in the US own dogs? What type of imaging was used to show that dogs and humans have the same response to voices? What do dogs and humans have the same response to? What part of the brain do dogs use to respond to voices? What do dogs have the ability to recognize in human sounds? What is another name for magnetic resonance imaging? What kind of sounds do dogs recognize? What is the nickname given to dogs that have lived and worked with humans? What is one of the many roles dogs have been bred for? What do dogs help fishermen with? What was the name of the first animal to orbit the Earth? What type of dog was Laika? What is the nickname given to dogs that have lived and worked with humans? What are two examples of hunting dogs? What do dogs help fishermen with? What was the name of the first animal to orbit the Earth? When did Laika orbit the Earth? What type of dog provides assistance to people with physical or mental disabilities? What can a guardian of an epileptics dog do when the handler shows signs of an impending seizure? What are conformation shows also referred to as? Who evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type? What does a judge look for in a purebred dog? What does the breed standard only deal with? What are not part of the judging in conformation shows? Who evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type? What does the breed standard only deal with? What are not part of the judging in conformation shows? In what region of the world is dog meat eaten? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures regard consumption of dog meat as? What is believed to have medicinal properties? What do proponents of eating dog meat argue is wrong with making a distinction between livestock and dogs? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures regard consumption of dog meat as? What are some of the properties of dog fat in Poland? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? What type of stew is gaejang-guk? What is the purpose of gaejang-guk? What ingredients are used to make gaejang-guk? When is gaejang-guk made? What ingredients are used to make gaejang-guk? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? How many fatalities per year in the 1980s and 1990s? How many fatalities were there in the US in the 2000s? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? In what decade did the US average 17 fatalities per year from dogs? How severe are dog bites in children compared to bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites in the US per 10,000 inhabitants? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000? In what areas of the body do children have a higher chance of being bitten? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch cause? In what state did a study find dog bites in children less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch cause? What animal is a factor in 86,000 falls each year in the US? What type of vehicles are more commonly involved in dog-associated road accidents? What type of vehicles are more commonly involved in dog-associated road accidents? What is Toxocara canis? What can cause toxocariasis? How many cases of toxocara canis are reported in the US each year? What can toxocariasis cause in humans? What type of roundworm can be found in dog feces? How much of the U.S. population is infected? How many cases of toxocara canis are reported in the US each year? How many soil samples in Great Britain contained T. canis eggs? What can toxocariasis cause in humans? When was a paper published stating that recent research has failed to support earlier findings that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What has research shown about children who live with pets? When was a paper published stating that recent research has failed to support earlier findings that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What did people with pet dogs take more of than those without? What did people with pet dogs take more of than those without? What type of microorganisms can protect against allergies and autoimmune diseases? What do dogs act as facilitators of between humans? When did a study find that pet owners were more likely to get to know people in their neighborhood than non-pet owners? What do people show reductions in when in the presence of a pet dog? What do wheelchair users experience more positive social interactions with when accompanied by a dog than when they are not? Where were animals introduced to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What do studies show animal-assisted therapy with a dog can increase in people with Alzheimer's disease? What type of behavior did children with ADHD and conduct disorders show increased attendance, increased knowledge and skill objectives, and decreased? When were animals introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients? Where were animals introduced to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What type of animal is used in animal-assisted therapy? What type of therapy can increase social behaviors among people with Alzheimer's disease? What are medical detection dogs capable of detecting? How much larger is the olfactory cortex of a human than a dog's? How many parts per trillion can a dog detect odour? How much larger is the olfactory cortex of a human than a dog's? How many cancer patients has Daisy detected? What is the name of the three-headed watchdog who guards the gates of Hades? What is Cerberus in Greek mythology? What is the name of the dog that guards Helheim in Norse mythology? Who is responsible for lightning in Philippine mythology? What is Tadaklan the god of? What language is the Chinvat Bridge in? What is the name of the three-headed watchdog who guards the gates of Hades? What is the name of the dog that guards Helheim in Norse mythology? What is Tadaklan the god of? Who is responsible for lightning in Philippine mythology? What do the watch dogs of Yama watch over? Who is the god of death in Hindu mythology? What type of dog figurines are offered at the Muthappan Temple? Who is the god of death in Hindu mythology? Where are the watch dogs said to watch over? What is Muthappan's mount? What type of dog figurines are offered at the Muthappan Temple? Why are dogs viewed as unclean in Islam? Why are dogs viewed as unclean in Islam? What city councillor called for dog ownership to be made illegal in that city? What are police sniffer dogs required to wear when searching mosques or Muslim homes? Why are dogs viewed as unclean in Islam? In what year did city councillor Hasan Küçük call for dog ownership to be made illegal in The Hague? In what country did Islamic activists want dogs kept out of Muslim neighborhoods? What are police sniffer dogs not allowed to contact? In Christianity, what do dogs represent? What do Jewish law require Jews to feed dogs before acquiring them? What do Jews have to do before getting a dog? In Christianity, what do dogs represent? What are dogs viewed as in Asian countries? In what Asian country are dogs viewed as kind protectors? What are dogs viewed as in Asian countries? Where were dogs first depicted in art? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? Where were dogs first depicted in art? What type of scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? What type of art became more elaborate as individual breeds evolved? Dogs are vulnerable to some of the same health conditions as what other species? What breed of dog is incapable of mounting the female? What is the most common response of feral dogs when approached by strangers? What is the most common response of feral dogs when approached by strangers? What type of dog is uncommon in the developing world? What would have been the benefit of living in a human camp? What may have been one of the key forces that led to human success? What has been criticized about the studies that suggest that companionship of a dog can enhance physical health and psychological wellbeing? What do people who keep pet dogs or cats make fewer visits to than those who do not? When was the tradition of the torch relay started? How long did the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay last? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What was the relay called by the organizers? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? Where was the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay held? What was the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay called? How long was the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? When was the Olympic torch first lit? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic Games? When did the Olympic torch arrive in Beijing? How many continents did the torch travel through? What is the name of the ancient road that the Olympic torch has visited? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic Games? When was the Olympic torch first lit? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic Games? How many continents did the torch travel through? What mountain did the torch climb to the top of? How many people protested in San Francisco? How many people protested in Pyongyang? What was the main cause of the protests along the route? Who extinguished the torch in Paris? Who called the attacks on the torch "despicable"? What was the number of supporters in San Francisco that outnumbered the protesters? Who overwhelmed the protesters in San Francisco? Who overwhelmed the protesters in San Francisco? What happened between protesters and supporters? Along with Latin America, Africa, and Western Asia, in what region of the Olympics were there no major protests? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? What nationality of flag did Rogge say could be expelled from the Olympic games? What did the IOC decide to scrap in future editions of the games? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? What did Rogge say could happen to athletes? What did Rogge stop short of doing? What did the IOC decide to scrap in future editions of the games? What event was the planned international torch relay for? What event was the planned international torch relay for? What is the traditional Chinese design for the Olympic Torch? What material is the Olympic Torch made from? How much does the Olympic Torch weigh? What is used to ignite and extinguish the flame of the Olympic Torch? What is the traditional Chinese design for the Olympic Torch? What material is the Olympic Torch made from? What is the speed of the Olympic Torch? How many centimetres high is the Olympic Torch? What type of fuel is the Olympic Torch fueled by? What type of plane did the torch travel in? What colors did the Olympic torch travel in? When did the Beijing Committees of the Olympic Game choose Air China to carry the Olympic torch? How long did the Olympic torch travel? What type of plane did the Olympic torch travel in? What colors did the Olympic torch travel in? Who was chosen as the designated Olympic torch carrier in March 2008? How many days did the torch travel? How many countries did the torch travel through? How many continents did the torch travel? What city was removed from the planned route? What two Asian countries did the Republic of China object to the placement of Taiwan on the same level as? How many continents did the torch travel? How long was the torch route in Taiwan? What two Asian countries did the Republic of China object to the placement of Taiwan on the same level as? How long was the torch route in Taiwan? When was the Olympic Flame ignited? What was Liu Qi's job title? Who was the second torchbearer? Who was the actress who ignited the Olympic Flame? When was the torch handed over to the organizers of the Beijing games? What was Liu Qi's job title? Who was the actress who ignited the Olympic Flame? What medal did Alexandros Nikolaidis win in the 2004 Summer Olympics? Who was the second torchbearer? What country had violent confrontations with police after the torch was handed over? What French hypermart was the target of a boycott in China? What is the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? What did some protesters add to the French flag? What Chinese city was blocked from entering a Carrefour store? What is the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? How was the Chinese government trying to calm the situation? What French hypermart was the target of a boycott in China? What newspaper published an editorial in response to the demonstrations? What newspaper published an editorial in response to the demonstrations? How did the People's Daily want people to express their patriotic aspiration? Where did the Olympic torch arrive for the first time? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? What was the name of the square where the Olympic torch arrived? Who were arrested and deported back to China? Where is Nursultan Nazarbaev from? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? How long was the route from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? What ethnicity were some of the activists arrested? On what date was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? Where did the torch relay finish? Where did the torch relay end? Where did Uyghurs live in Turkey? Where was the torch relay held? Where did the torch relay end? Where did the torch relay end? What group of people protested at Chinese treatment of their compatriots in Xinjiang? What happened to the protesters who tried to disrupt the relay? When did the Olympic torch arrive in Saint Petersburg? Where did the torch relay start? Where did the torch relay finish? Who was the first active MMA fighter to carry the Olympic flame? Where did the Olympic torch arrive? Where did the torch relay start? Where did the torch relay end? Who was the first active MMA fighter to carry the Olympic flame? Where was the torch relay leg held? On what date was the torch relay leg held in London? How much did security for the torch relay cost? Where was the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay begin? Where did the torch relay end? How long was the torch relay? What did Lord Coe call the Chinese security guards? How many torch-bearers were in London? Who started the relay? Who refused to carry the torch? Who welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street without holding or touching it? Who started the relay? How many torch-bearers were in London? Who refused to carry the torch? Where did Prime Minister Gordon Brown welcome the torch? In what area of London did a protester try to snatch the torch from Konnie Huq? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin in Paris? How did the torch finish the relay? Who was the torchbearer that was about to hand over the torch to the next person? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? How many people protested in Paris? How many times did the relay authorities put out the flame? What political party was responsible for flying a Tibetan flag from a window in the City Hall? Who was the third torchbearer in the Paris leg? What was Jin Jing's nickname? What ceremony was canceled due to disruptions? Who was the third torchbearer in the Paris leg? What was Jin Jing's nickname? What political party was responsible for flying a Tibetan flag from a window in the City Hall? What group scaled the Eiffel Tower to hang a protest banner? Where did the protesters scale the Eiffel Tower? What cathedral was used for a similar protest to the Eiffel Tower? What was hung from the Eiffel Tower? What group scaled the Eiffel Tower to hang a protest banner? What cathedral was used for a similar protest? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? Who spoke to the media about the lack of freedom of speech in China? Who was the President of the French Tibetan community? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? How was the protest at the Trocadéro? Who spoke to the media about the lack of freedom of speech in China? What did Jane Birkin say was lacking in China? What was the purpose of the protest? What was the name of the banner that was unfurled outside the National Assembly? What did the protesting MPs say as the coach drove past the National Assembly? Who organized a protest? What was the purpose of the protest? What was the name of the banner that was unfurled outside the National Assembly? What did the protesting MPs say as the coach drove past the National Assembly? What flag was forbidden everywhere except on the Trocadéro? What newspaper commented that only the Chinese were given freedom of expression? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? What flag was forbidden everywhere except on the Trocadéro? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? Who hit a cameraman in the face and knocked him unconscious? Where was the North American leg of the torch relay held? When did the North American leg of the torch relay occur? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the closing ceremony held? Who praised the route changes? Where was the North American leg of the torch relay held? Where was the North American leg of the torch relay? Who was the head of the U.S. Olympic Committee? Where was the planned closing ceremony held? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco? What did the resolution address in regards to China? On what date was a protest planned in San Francisco to welcome the Olympic torch? When did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approve a resolution addressing human rights concerns? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco? Where was the protest planned? Who led the protest at the United Nations Plaza? What was the name of the bridge on which the activists scaled? What local TV station did Laurel Sutherlin speak to? Who did Laurel Sutherlin want to ask not to allow the torch to go through Tibet? What was the name of the bridge on which the activists scaled? What was the name of the San Francisco resident who spoke to KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone? How many people were charged with trespassing, conspiracy, and causing a public nuisance? How many activists scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge? Where did the first runner in the relay disappear into? Who was one of the two torchbearers who used a wheelchair? Who was one of the two torchbearers who used a wheelchair? Where did the torch run end? Where was the closing ceremony held? What was the name of the heavily trafficked thoroughfare that was not on the official route plans? When was the torch relay leg in Argentina held? Where did the torch relay begin? Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Where was the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay begin in Argentina? Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Who was the first torchbearer? What did people showered the parade route with? Who said they would not try to snuff out the Olympic torch? Where did the protest march go? What was the name of the giant banner that was displayed on the Olympic torch route? What was Jorge Carcavallo's occupation? Where did the protest march go? What was the name of the torch the protesters used? What was the name of the giant banner that was displayed on the Olympic torch route? What was the name of the group that organized an alternative march to the city hall? Who is the outreach director of HRTR? What non-profit is Susan Prager the communication director of? Who was scheduled to open the relay through Buenos Aires? How many police officers were there to protect the torch relay? What did protesters use to try to extinguish the Olympic flame? What non-profit is Susan Prager the communication director of? Who was scheduled to open the relay through Buenos Aires? How many police officers were there to protect the torch relay? What did protesters use to try to extinguish the Olympic flame? What type of protests were there? What was the only stop in Africa for the Olympic torch? When was the torch's only stop in Africa? What was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s? What was the only stop in Africa for the Olympic torch? What was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s? What was the name of the stadium built with Chinese aid in 2005? Who built the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke? Who was the Vice-President of Tanzania? What was the only stop in the Middle East for the torch relay? On what date was the torch's only stop in the Middle East? Who was one of the torchbearers? What was the only stop in the Middle East for the torch relay? How many kilometers did the torch relay cover? What nationality was Sulaf Fawakherji? When did the Olympic torch reach Islamabad for the first time? Where was the Olympic torch carried? Who spoke at the opening ceremony of the relay? Where was the Olympic torch originally supposed to be carried? Where was the Olympic torch carried? When was the relay through New Delhi cut to just 2.3 km? How many runners participated in the relay? Who was the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch? How many intended torchbearers withdrew from the event? Where was the Indian leg of the torch relay? How many miles was the relay through New Delhi cut to? How many runners participated in the relay? How many intended torchbearers withdrew from the event? Who was the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch? What is considered terrorist targets in India? Who was summoned to the Foreign Ministry at 2 am local time? Who cancelled an official trip to Beijing in protest? Who was India's Commerce Minister? When was the Indian ambassador summoned to the Foreign Ministry? What celebrations are considered terrorist targets in India? What are the Republic Day celebrations considered to be? How many people live in India's Tibetan exile community? What type of government did Indian officials say was out of the question? What country rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's Tibetan exile community? How many people live in India's Tibetan exile community? What did Indian officials say was out of the question? What group was refused permission to travel along the route of the Olympic torch? What was the effect of India's rejection of the Olympic torch route on relations between India and China? Which Tibetan government stated that it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay? Who refused to participate in the Olympic torch relay? What police service did Kiran Bedi belong to? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay due to personal reasons? On what date was a protest against Chinese repression in Tibet? Who refused to participate in the Olympic torch relay? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay due to personal reasons? Where was the protest held? Who broke up the protest in Delhi? What did Kiran Bedi say she didn't want to be known as? When was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand? Who was theGWF chairwoman? Who provided the protesters with transportation and shirts? When was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand? How many kilometers did the Olympic flame run through Bangkok? What did Thai authorities threaten to do to foreign protesters? Who boycotted the relay to protest against China's actions in Tibet? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? Where was the Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? When was the last Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? What is the name of the famous twin towers in Kuala Lumpur? When was the last Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? How many people were on the team that escorted the torchbearers? What is the name of the group that demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in Kuala Lumpur? What is the name of the group that demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in Kuala Lumpur? What type of batons were used to hit the Japanese family? What did the Chinese group say Taiwan and Tibet belong to? What did the Chinese volunteers take away from two Malaysians protesting at the relay? When did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? Who requested that the Olympic flame be carried through Jakarta? Who were allowed to enter the stadium? Where did the Olympic flame reach? How long was the original relay through Jakarta? Why was the original 20 km relay through Jakarta cancelled? Where was the Olympic flame carried? What happened outside the stadium? When was the Olympic flame presented to Agnes Shea? Who presented the Olympic flame to the Aboriginal people of Canberra? What did Agnes Shea offer to the protesters as a gift? Who argued over the role of the Chinese flame attendants? Where was the Olympic flame presented to Agnes Shea? How many kilometers of Canberra's central areas were covered by the Olympic flame? Where was the Olympic flame presented to Agnes Shea? Who kept the protesters and counter-demonstrators apart? Who presented the Olympic flame to the Aboriginal people of Canberra? Who did China request permission to deploy along the relay route to protect the flame? What did the Chinese Students and Scholars Association want Chinese Australian students to defend? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who is the Foreign Minister of Australia? What military force was rumored to be deployed to protect the torch relay? Who has been given powers to search relay spectators? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who is a Chinese Australian student organizing pro-Beijing demonstrations? Who is the Foreign Minister of Australia? Who withdrew from the event because of her concern about China's human rights record? Who was the foreign minister who said Dodds' decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who withdrew from the event because of her concern about China's human rights record? Who said Dodds' decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the relay? Who was closely involved in ensuring that pro-China demonstrators outnumbered Tibetan activists? Who ended the Australian leg of the torch relay on April 24, 2008? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the relay? How many Chinese supporters were expected to attend the relay? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? Who was closely involved in ensuring that pro-China demonstrators outnumbered Tibetan activists? Where did the 1998 Winter Olympics take place? When was the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano? Where did the 1998 Winter Olympics take place? When was the Winter Olympics held in Nagano? Which Japanese Buddhist temple refused to host the Olympic torch relay? What was the original starting point of the Olympic torch relay? How many Chinese guards were allowed to accompany the torch? Where did the 1988 Summer Olympics take place? When did Seoul host the Summer Olympics? Where did the torch relay begin? Who was responsible for the violence that occurred on April 27? Where did the 1988 Summer Olympics take place? When did Seoul host the Summer Olympics? When was the Olympic torch relay held in North Korea? Who presided over the relay? Who was the first runner to run through Pyongyang? What is the name of the obelisk that began the Olympic torch relay in North Korea? How long was the relay? Where was the Olympic torch relay held? What type of flowers did the crowd in North Korea wave? Who was the first runner to run through Pyongyang? What did UNICEF fear the relay would be used for? What is North Korea frequently listed among the world's worst offenders against? What UN agency withdrew its staff from the relay? What did UNICEF withdraw from the relay? What was UNICEF's mission? Which country is frequently listed among the world's worst offenders against human rights? When was the torch relay held in Vietnam? Where was the torch relay held? How many torchbearers carried the torch? Where did the torch relay begin? Where did the torch relay take place? In what city did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in December 2007? What is the dispute Vietnam is involved in with China for sovereignty of? What is the name of the county-level city that the Chinese government established in the Spratly and Paracel Islands? In what city did anti-Chinese demonstrations take place in December 2007? Who is the Vietnamese Prime Minister? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi? What was the real name of the blogger who was arrested? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi? What was Điếu Cày's real name? What was Điếu Cày arrested for? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? What was removed from the Beijing Olympic website a day before the relay? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Hong Kong? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the ceremony held? Where did the Olympic torch relay end? How many torchbearers were selected? Where was the Olympic torch relay held? Who was the Chief Executive of Hong Kong? What type of boat was used to cross the Shing Mun River? How many torchbearers were selected? Who were the torchbearers from? What did the protesters use to symbolize democracy? What was the name of the protest that took place in 1989? Who wrapped a Tibetan snow lion flag around her body and later began waving it? How were the protesters taken away? What is Christina Chan suing the Hong Kong government for? What did the protesters want to see implemented in Hong Kong? Who was the Legislative Council member of Hong Kong? What flag did Christina Chan wrap around her body? What was the name of the democracy group that was denied entry to Hong Kong? What was the name of the structure Jens Galschiøt built in Hong Kong to commemorate the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests? Why was Galschiøt and two other people denied entry to Hong Kong? Who was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport before being allowed to enter? What is Hong Kong's one country, two systems policy? What color was Jens Galschiøt's group? What was the name of the structure Jens Galschiøt built in Hong Kong to commemorate the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests? Why was Galschiøt and two other people denied entry to Hong Kong? Who was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport before being allowed to enter? When was the Olympic torch held in Macau? Where was the closing ceremony held? How many torchbearers participated in the relay? Who was the last torchbearer? What did the Macao Daily News criticize about the torchbearers? When was the Olympic torch held in Macau? How many torchbearers participated in the relay? Who was the last torchbearer? What casino tycoon was a torchbearer? What newspaper criticized the list of torchbearers? What website did the Macau resident post a message on that encouraged people to disrupt? What website was shut down on May 2 to 4? Who was arrested on April 26 for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay? What website did the Macau resident post a message on that encouraged people to disrupt? Who denied that the websites were politically motivated? When did the torch arrive in Sanya? Who was one of the big names that attended the torch relay? When did the torch arrive in Sanya? When did the Olympic torch return to China? What is the International Olympic Committee? Who was one of the big names that attended the torch relay? How did Western reporters describe Chinese media coverage of the relay? What have Chinese netizens accused Western media of being? What French newspaper was criticized by Xinhua for its reporting? What country's media coverage of the torch relay has been distinct in a number of ways from coverage elsewhere? What has the Western media described Chinese media coverage as? Who did Chinese media not broadcast the torch lighting ceremony? What French newspaper was criticized by Xinhua for its reporting? What did Xinhua say Libération supported? What type of protesters did the Chinese media focus on? What did relay spectators condemn? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? What did Xinhua call the protesters? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? Who said protesters were "radicals" who trampled human rights? What did the torchbearers vow to run for? Along with sports, what should not be mixed? What did the torchbearers vow to run for? Along with sports, what should not be mixed? What newspaper asked its readers to send their views in response to the question "Is the West demonising China?" What Chinese media reported that the BBC had been accused of bias by Chinese media? What did the Chinese accuse Western media of? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What newspaper asked its readers to send their views in response to the question "Is the West demonising China?" What Chinese media reported that the BBC had been accused of bias by Chinese media? Who did the Chinese government want to apologize to for their coverage of the Lhasa riots? Who did the Chinese government want to apologize to for their coverage of the Lhasa riots? Who called on CNN to apologize for its coverage of the riots? What was the name of the article the BBC published in response to criticism? Who was the BBC's editor in China? How many people protested outside the BBC buildings in Manchester and London on April 19? Who was the BBC's editor in China? What country was the BBC banned from reporting on? What was the name of the newspaper that published a report about the protests? What was the name of the newspaper that published a report about the protests? What was the name of the website that the Chinese government appeared to be running? Who created the anti-CNN website? Who created the anti-CNN website? What type of correspondents were concerned that the anti-CNN website may be a semi-government-made website? How many unarmed attendants were sent out to escort the flame throughout its journey? When was the Sacred Flame Protection Unit sworn in? What color tracksuits do the attendants wear? What is the nickname of one of the torch attendants? How many unarmed attendants were sent out to escort the flame throughout its journey? When was the Sacred Flame Protection Unit sworn in? What color tracksuits do the torch attendants wear? What is the nickname of one of the torch attendants? What French hypermart was targeted by Chinese protesters? What is the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? Who was Carrefour accused of donating funds to? What did some protesters add to the French flag? What is the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? What type of racism did the protesters accuse France of? What type of protests did the Chinese government try to calm down in 2005? What was the name of the Chinese newspaper that called for calm? What internet forum did the Chinese government censor? When did protests break out in front of Carrefour's stores? What was the name of the anti-Japanese protest that took place in 2005? What was the name of the Chinese newspaper that called for calm? Who attempted to calm the situation? Where did protests break out in front of Carrefour's stores? Who was the Mayor of Nagano? What did the Mayor of Nagano say the torch relay had become? What type of temple was vandalized the day after Washizawa's comments? Who was the Mayor of Nagano? What did the Mayor of Nagano say the torch relay had become? What type of temple was vandalized the day after Washizawa's comments? How many lanterns are used? When is the Olympic Flame extinguished? What was Michael Mak Kwok-fung's occupation? Who did the Chinese torch relay website call "heroic" and an "angel"? What type of media initially gave little attention to Jin Jing? How many attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? How many attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? Along with logic, epistemology and metaphysics, what did Principia Mathematica draw connections between? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica? Who wrote the incompleteness theorem? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem show? Who wrote the book that helped Gödel come to his conclusion about incompleteness? When was Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem published? What could not be deduced from axioms and inference rules? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of the incompleteness theorem? Along with logic, epistemology, and metaphysics, what discipline did Principia Mathematica draw connections to? When was Aims of Education written? What did Whitehead call inert ideas? What did Whitehead think of inert ideas? When was 'The Aims of Education and Other Essays' published? Between what years were Whitehead's essays and addresses published? When was 'The Aims of Education and Other Essays' published? How many essays and addresses did Whitehead publish between 1912 and 1927? What did Whitehead call ideas that are disconnected scraps of information with no application to real life or culture? What did Whitehead advocate teaching? What did Whitehead believe should be taught in a small number of subjects? What type of school model did Whitehead believe should be the opposite of? What type of school model did Whitehead believe should be the opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model? How many important concepts did Whitehead believe a student should be taught? What did Whitehead believe should be the opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model? What type of school model did Whitehead believe should be the opposite of multidisciplinary? What type of training did Whitehead not have? What did Whitehead think science was not meant to be? In what century did Whitehead become one of the foremost metaphysicians? Who did Whitehead write a letter to about science? What type of education did Whitehead receive? Who was Bertrand Russell? What rank did Whitehead consider himself as a philosopher? What was Whitehead's career in metaphysics? What did Whitehead think was essential to both good science and good philosophy? Why are metaphysical assumptions not easily seen? What did Whitehead believe people need to do if philosophy and science are to make any real progress? What did Whitehead consider essential to both good science and good philosophy? What type of assumptions did Whitehead believe scientists and philosophers make all the time? Why are metaphysical assumptions not easily seen? What did Whitehead think people need to re-imagine if philosophy and science are to make any real progress? What did Whitehead consider essential to both good science and good philosophy? What idea did Whitehead think was faulty about reality? What type of ontology did Whitehead reject in favor of an event-based one? What is an example of an inanimate process that Whitehead considered to have some degree of experience? How many different kinds of real existence did Descartes believe there were? What did Whitehead call his metaphysical system? What idea did Whitehead think was faulty? What type of ontology did Whitehead reject in favor of? How did Whitehead believe events are fundamentally related to one another? What type of reality did Whitehead believe all of reality to be? What is another name for Whitehead's metaphysical system? What do materialists mistake the abstract for? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What type of nature does Whitehead believe the most basic elements of the world have? How is a single person described in Whitehead's work? What does Whitehead call the continuum of events? What kind of concepts do Whitehead think are problematic? What does Whitehead think classical concepts fail to adequately account for? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What does Whitehead call the continuum of events? How is a single person described in Whitehead's work? In Whitehead's cosmology, what are the only fundamentally existent things? What is another term for a defining essence? What is the main difference between a person and a thing in Whitehead's cosmology? What is the term for a core identity that is unchanging? In Whitehead's cosmology, what are the only fundamentally existent things? In Whitehead's cosmology, what are the only fundamentally existent things? What does Whitehead's cosmology say about how all things flow? What do people define? Why is it easy and convenient to think of people and objects as remaining fundamentally the same things? What is a convenient generalized description of a continuum? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? Is it philosophically or ontologically sound to think that a person is the same from one second to the next? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? How is each thing different from what it was a moment ago? What does materialism see every object as? What does the idea of matter as primary make people think of objects as? In Whitehead's view, what is more important than the relata themselves? What does materialism see every object as? What does Whitehead think is more important than relata themselves? What is the second problem with materialism? What does materialism see every object as? What is the main problem with materialism? What does Whitehead describe an entity as? What is a real thing? If a thing made strictly no difference to any other entity, it could not be said to really exist? What are not secondary to what a thing is? What does Whitehead describe an entity as? What is not secondary to what a thing is? What is not secondary to what a thing is? What does Whitehead describe an entity as being in relation to? What is a real thing? In what countries has interest in Whitehead's work increased in recent decades? Who was one of the first theologians to attempt to interact with Whitehead's thought? When were William Temple's Gifford Lectures? What does Whitehead's work unite political struggle and spirituality with? Along with ecology, physics, biology, education, economics, economics and psychology, what field of study did Whitehead's work influence? Where was Henry Nelson Wieman from? Who initiated an interest in Whitehead's work that would last for thirty years? Who is the most notable student of Whitehead's at the Divinity School? What is the most important intellectual thread running through the Divinity School? Where is Whitehead's thought the fastest growing? What is one of the main challenges that China is trying to address with Whitehead's philosophy? Along with Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism, what traditions are being blended with Whitehead's philosophy in order to create an "ecological civilization"? Which two process philosophers are becoming required reading for Chinese graduate students? What type of educational system did Whitehead believe should be taught rather than just bare facts? What did Whitehead believe about matter? What is one of the reasons that Whitehead's work is not more widely known? What is the perception of metaphysics itself as? Why has Whitehead not been more widely recognized? What is one philosophical school which has a close relationship with process philosophy? Which two philosophers did Whitehead think highly of? Who is an example of a philosopher who advocates both process philosophy and pragmatism? Who was one of the founders of pragmatism? Who was a student of Hartshorne? How has Whitehead's theory of gravitation been criticized? Who are some physicists who have been influenced by Whitehead? What has rendered Whitehead's view obsolete? What type of space did Whitehead assume? What must Whitehead's cosmology be regarded as? What award did John B. Cobb, Jr. receive in 1989? What was the first single-authored book in environmental ethics? What was the name of the book Cobb and Daly co-authored in 1989? What was the name of Cobb's second book? What did Cobb aim to challenge in his second book? Who developed the FEELS model? What are the five things in FEELS? What is the FEELS model used for? What is the name of the organization that helped develop the FEELS model? Who is one of the leading figures having an explicitly Whiteheadian and panexperientialist stance towards management? What does Mark Dibben work in? Along with business administration and business ethics, what field of thought does Mark Dibben work on? Along with business ethics, what field of philosophy has Whitehead had some influence on? What does applied process thought allow for? When did Whitehead turn his attention to metaphysics? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to after mathematics? What did Whitehead argue that reality consists of? What theory did Whitehead reject? What are two of Whitehead's philosophical works regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? What type of philosophy did Whitehead turn his attention to after mathematics? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? What type of system did Whitehead develop? What did Whitehead argue that reality consists of? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? When was Alfred North Whitehead born? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's grandfather? What was Alfred Whitehead's father's profession? What was Alfred North Whitehead's mother's previous occupation? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? When was Alfred North Whitehead born? What was Alfred Whitehead's father's occupation? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's mother? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's wife? What university system was Imperial College London a part of? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London in 1918? What position did Whitehead hold in the University of London's Senate in 1920? When did Whitehead leave for America? What degree was offered at the University of London in 1918? When was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London in 1918? What university was Imperial College London a part of? When did Whitehead leave for America? Who wrote the most definitive biography of Whitehead? What did Whitehead's family do with his papers after his death? What was Whitehead's belief in? What did Victor Lowe say about Whitehead? How many volumes is Victor Lowe's biography of Whitehead? Who wrote the most definitive biography of Whitehead? What did Whitehead's family do with his papers after his death? What right did Whitehead believe in? What was the name of Whitehead's 1898 book on Universal Algebra? Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica with? Who was An Introduction to Mathematics aimed at? What was the name of Whitehead's book that was intended for a larger audience? In what century was Principia Mathematica written? What subject did Whitehead write three major books on? How many books did Whitehead write? Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica with? What is regarded as one of the most important works in mathematical logic of the 20th century? When was A Treatise on Universal Algebra published? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to? What was the main idea of the work? What did G. B. Mathews say about the design of the book? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to? What did Mathews say the book possessed? What is the main idea of the work? How long did Principia Mathematica take to complete? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? How many volumes was Principia Mathematica? How many pounds did Cambridge University Press pay for the publication of Principia Mathematica? How many major academic libraries in the world have a copy of Principia Mathematica? How long did Principia Mathematica take to complete? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? How many volumes was Principia Mathematica? How many pages was Principia Mathematica? Who paid for 300 of the initial costs of publishing Principia Mathematica? What type of work is Whitehead's considered to be among the most difficult to understand? What was the name of the lecture Whitehead gave in 1927-28? What was the name of the book that Whitehead published after Arthur Eddington's lectures? What type of philosophers struggled to follow Whitehead's writings? What was the name of the book that Whitehead published after Arthur Eddington's lectures? When did Whitehead's Gifford lectures take place? How difficult was Whitehead's work to understand? What did Mathews' frustration with Whitehead's books not affect? How did Mathews feel about the importance of Whitehead's work? Who was one of America's only Whitehead experts? How long did Wieman teach at Chicago's Divinity School? Who was frustrated with Whitehead's books? Where did Henry Nelson Wieman teach for twenty years? When did Henry Nelson Wieman give a lecture at Chicago's Divinity School? Who was one of America's only Whitehead experts? How long did Henry Nelson Wieman teach at Chicago's Divinity School? What has Process and Reality been called? What does Process and Reality demand of its readers? What problems did Whitehead address in Process and Reality? What is the most impressive metaphysical text of the 20th century? Who said that Process and Reality demands its readers accept the adventure of the questions that will separate them from every consensus? What did Whitehead question western philosophy's most dearly held assumptions about? What problems did Whitehead anticipate? What did Whitehead provide in his work? What is the absolute principle of existence for Whitehead? What is the absolute principle of existence for Whitehead? What do most entities not have? What does Whitehead believe is the absolute principle of existence? What is the absolute principle of existence for Whitehead? An entity is not merely a sum of its relations, but also what? What is not fully determined by causal or mechanistic laws? What language does the term "prehension" come from? What is the theory of representative perception? What term does Whitehead use to describe perception that can be conscious or unconscious? What language does the term "prehension" come from? What does the Latin prehensio mean? What two types of perception does the term "prehension" indicate? How many modes of perception does Whitehead believe perception occurs in? What type of perception does the term "prehension" apply to? How did Whitehead believe entities are constituted? What is another term for physical prehension? What is presentational immediacy unmediated by? What is pure appearance? What does Whitehead describe as dominating the primitive living organisms? What is another term for pure sense perception? What is another term for pure sense perception? What does Whitehead describe causal efficacy as? What is presentational immediacy unmediated by? What type of relationship dominates the basic mentality? What is the term for the fusion of pure sense perceptions and causal relations? What type of relationship dominates the basic mentality? What does symbolic reference link appearance with? What type of mentality does the dog have? What does symbolic reference link appearance with? What does an ordinary person assume when they see a colored shape? What is not the normal human reaction? What animal would have acted immediately on the hypothesis of a chair? What does Whitehead think life is deficient in? What is the mark of higher forms of life? What is the three-fold goal of life according to Whitehead? What does Whitehead believe life is directed toward? What does Whitehead think life is deficient in? What is the mark of higher forms of life? How manyfold is the goal of living, living well, and living better? What does Whitehead believe life is directed toward? How does Whitehead describe the rise of life without a goal? Why did complex organisms evolve in the first place? What did Whitehead call the idea of God that is different from the most widely accepted forms of Christianity? What did Whitehead say the church gave to God? What is the most important attribute of God according to Whitehead? What type of religion did Whitehead not believe in? What did Whitehead call the nature of God? What did Whitehead believe was the second nature of God? What did Whitehead call God? What did Whitehead believe was necessary for his metaphysical system? What is God's consequent nature? What does God do with all experiences? What is God's nature? How does God's reception of the world's activity change the way he interacts with the world? How is God changed by the world? How does Whitehead view God? What does Whitehead think God is in relation to the world? What does Whitehead see God and the world as fulfilling? What does Whitehead see entities in the world as wanting? How does Whitehead view God? What was the core of religion for Whitehead? What did Whitehead say religion is what the individual does? What did Whitehead believe religion transformed a person's character? What type of delusion did Whitehead call it when a religion might encourage the violent extermination of a rival religion's adherents? What did Whitehead see religion as beginning in? What did Whitehead say religion necessitates the realization of? What did Whitehead believe that meaning and value do not exist for the individual alone? What does the spirit do when it comes to religion? What two aspects of religion did Whitehead believe were mutually dependent? How much of Whitehead's influence has come from his students and admirers? Who called Whitehead "the greatest philosopher of the 20th century"? Where are Whitehead's primary works little-studied outside of? Who was the dissertation of Willard Van Orman Quine? What did Deleuze say of Whitehead? What field of theology has Whitehead been most influential in? Who was the most important early proponent of Whitehead's thought in a theological context? What type of theology did Charles Hartshorne develop Whitehead's process philosophy into? Who are some of the other notable process theologians? What type of nature does process theology stress? What type of events do process theologians believe God is supremely affected by? What type of ruler would people not praise? What does process theology believe God is the being who can most appropriately respond to? What type of theology is process naturalism? Along with theology and political theory, what other subjects has John B. Cobb Jr. written books on? Along with poststructuralist, postcolonialist, and feminist theory, what theory does Roland Faber and Catherine Keller integrate with process theology? What was Charles Birch's profession? Which futurologists credit Whitehead for the process theology they see rising out of the participatory culture expected to dominate the digital era? Why is process theology difficult to define? What did Whitehead describe religion as? What does religion contextualize deeply felt emotions within? What did religion serve as a bridge between for Whitehead? What is the task of religion to make philosophy applicable to? What fields of study did Mary Parker Follett work on? What type of ontology does Stout and Staton believe Whitehead and Follett share? What is the name of the book written by Stout and Jeannine M. Love? What type of investments did many asset managers choose to continue to invest in? What is a conflict of interest between professional investment managers and institutional clients? Who is compensated based on the volume of client assets under management? What is the incentive for asset managers to expand their assets under management? What did the choice of investing in subprime-based credit assets support? What was the name of the company that spun off from IndyMac? When did IndyMac Bank fail? What was the name of the first bank to run into trouble in the US? What was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market? What was the name of IndyMac Bank's parent corporation? When did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgraded the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security bonds? What was IndyMac's total risk-based capital ratio as of June 30, 2008? How much was the amount of MBS bonds that were downgraded by Moody's and Standard & Poor's? Who downgraded the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security bonds? What was the minimum amount of risk-based capital that a bank must have to be considered "well capitalized"? Who asked the FDIC if it had considered ordering IndyMac to reduce its reliance on brokered deposits? Who was responsible for ordering IndyMac to reduce its reliance on brokered deposits? How much of IndyMac's total deposits were brokered deposits? On what date was IndyMac prevented from acquiring new brokered deposits? How much was the threat of brokered deposits loss to IndyMac? How much of IndyMac's deposits were withdrawn in June 2008? How much of IndyMac's deposits were withdrawn in June 2008? How much money was IndyMac forced to hold in the secondary market? Who wrote a letter to the FDIC and OTS about IndyMac? What was the underlying cause of IndyMac's failure? What was the name of the bridge bank established to take control of IndyMac Bank's assets? What is the maximum amount of money that the FDIC will guarantee for all insured accounts? How many uninsured depositors of Indymac are still at a loss of over $270 million? When did the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship? When did the FDIC announce plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB? How many mortgage lenders went bankrupt during 2007 and 2008? What investment bank was sold to JP Morgan Chase in March 2008? When did the financial institution crisis peak? What was the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history? What was the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history? What type of money market funds often invest in commercial paper? What type of paper did money market funds often invest in? When did the TED spread spike to a record high? How much money was withdrawn from money markets in one week? What was the TED spread in September 2008? What was the name of the system that grew to nearly equal the importance of the traditional commercial banking sector? What was the name of the system that grew to nearly equal the importance of the traditional commercial banking sector? What type of funds did the shadow banking system not have the ability to obtain? Who is Timothy Geithner? How much of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen in June 2009? What was the primary cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing? Who said it would take a number of years of strong profits to generate sufficient capital to support additional lending volume? What type of securitization is likely to vanish forever? What does the traditional banking system not have to support additional lending volume? How much of their collective net worth did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008? How much was the S&P 500 down from its 2007 high? How much had housing prices dropped from their 2006 peak? How much was home equity valued at at its peak in 2006? What was the value of home equity in the US in mid-2008? What is the default risk for a homeowner who has no equity? How much housing wealth has been lost? How many homeowners had substantial equity in their homes two years ago? What does a business's creditworthiness depend on? How did businesses' profit prospects look in November 2008? What is one of the fears of the crisis? Who stated on October 6 that 2008 would see a clear global recession? How long did UBS expect the US recession to last? What country's banking collapse is the largest in economic history? What did UBS say was needed to fix the crisis? How much of the growth in global consumption between 2000 and 2007 was attributed to the U.S.? What was the annualized rate of decline in GDP in Germany in the first quarter of 2009? What was the annualized rate of decline in GDP in Mexico in the first quarter of 2009? What did the Brookings Institution say the US economy was spending too much and borrowing too much for? What is the cause of the decline in growth elsewhere? What was the growth forecast in Cambodia in 2009? How much money did migrant workers send home in 2007? How many households in Bangladesh are living below the poverty line? What does Bruno Wenn recommend developing countries provide to attract new investors? What is one of the reasons for the reductions in growth? What group of countries was in the best position to absorb the economic shocks? What does FDI stand for? What is the most important determinant of economic performance? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What was the unemployment rate in October 2009? What was the average hours per work week in the U.S. in 1964? How much did the output of goods and services produced by labor and property in the United States decrease in the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009? When was the highest unemployment rate in the US? What type of applications flat-lined? What did critics argue that Basel III doesn't address? What is the process called that creates apparently risk-free assets out of high risk collateral? What regulations did European regulators introduce for banks? Who argues that regulations have led to excessive lending to risky governments? What did Basel III increase? When did the recession end? When did the recession end? When did the financial crisis begin? What did TIME magazine declare in April 2009? When did President Obama declare that the financial crisis was over? Which two economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for from 2007 to 2014? What did advanced economies lead prior to the financial crisis? How much of the global GDP did advanced economies account for in 2007? What led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? Who said that the growth of a commercial real estate bubble indicates that U.S. housing policy was not the cause of the crisis? When did Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders report their findings? When did the first signs of decline in residential real estate occur? What is CMBS? What type of real estate started feeling the effects of the financial crisis? What type of security was assigned safe ratings by the credit rating agencies? How much money is in worldwide fixed income investments? How much did the "Giant Pool of Money" increase in size from 2000 to 2007? What type of security was assigned safe ratings by the credit rating agencies? What type of bonds did the "Giant Pool of Money" seek higher yields than? What enabled financial institutions to obtain investor funds to finance subprime and other lending? What did the collateralized debt obligation do to the housing bubble? What type of rating did the securities first in line receive? What is a collateralized debt obligation? What type of securities had lower credit ratings but a higher rate of return on the amount invested? How much had housing prices declined from their mid-2006 peak? What was the peak of housing prices in the US in 2006? How many properties did lenders begin foreclosure proceedings on in 2007? How much did foreclosure proceedings increase in 2008 over 2007? What percentage of mortgages were in foreclosure by September 2009? What was the federal funds rate target from 2000 to 2003? Why did the Federal Reserve lower the federal funds rate? What did some economists say the Fed should create to replace the Nasdaq bubble? What contributed greatly to the severity of the crisis? What did the Federal Reserve do to encourage borrowing? How much did the U.S. current account deficit increase from 1996 to 2004? What was the current account deficit of the U.S. between 1996 and 2004? What countries had trade surpluses? What type of surplus is required for a country running a current account deficit to have? What type of funds flowed into the U.S. to finance its imports? When did the Fed raise the Fed funds rate? What type of mortgage was made more expensive by the increase in interest rates? How do asset prices generally move inversely to interest rates? What rate did the Fed raise in July 2004? What happened to the value of U.S. housing and financial assets after the housing bubble burst? Who was the Business Chief Underwriter for Correspondent Lending? How many professional underwriters did Richard M. Bowen III have? What percentage of mortgages purchased by Citi from 1,600 mortgage companies were defective in 2006? How many mortgage companies did Bowen testify about? What percentage of defective mortgages were purchased by Citi in 2007? What is the largest residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance company in the US and Europe? What percentage of mortgages met their originators' underwriting standards? How many "too big to fail" banks were analyzed by Clayton Holdings? What percentage of the loans did not meet the minimal standards of any issuer? How many mortgages were reviewed by Clayton Holdings? What is the practice of unscrupulous lenders enticing borrowers to enter into "unsafe" secured loans for inappropriate purposes? What was the name of the lender that used bait-and-switch for home refinancing? What is an example of an adjustable rate mortgage? What was the effect of an adjustable rate mortgage? What type of bait-and-switch was used by Countrywide Financial? Who sued Countrywide for unfair business practices? What type of mortgage allowed homeowners to make interest-only payments? What happened to homeowners in ARMs when housing prices decreased? Who decided to seize Countrywide's lender? What was the problem with the high cost mortgages that Countrywide was making? Who argued that the regulatory framework did not keep pace with financial innovation? Who was the U.S. Treasury Secretary at the time of the financial crisis? What organization's study suggested that bank regulation based on the Basel accords encourage unconventional business practices? What did Paul Krugman and Timothy Geithner argue did not keep pace with financial innovation? What is the name of the accords that are based on? What type of financial institutions became highly leveraged before the crisis? What type of financial instruments made it difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? What type of government bailed out financial institutions during the crisis? What type of bankruptcy was virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in? What type of financial instruments made it difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? How many top investment banks reported over $4.1 trillion in debt for fiscal year 2007? What did the increase in financial leverage increase the vulnerability to? What type of requirements were changed to keep U.S. banks competitive with their European counterparts? How much debt did the top five investment banks have in 2007? What company went bankrupt and was liquidated? What is an example of an optimal behavior for an individual? What is the paradox of thrift? What can the paradox of thrift cause or deepen? Who described a "paradox of deleveraging"? What happens to the value of financial institutions that have too much leverage? Who is the Federal Reserve vice-chair? What did the credit crunch cause? What did the credit crunch lead to? What are businesses cancelling to preserve cash? What is the process of shrinking assets called that has spread to nearly every corner of the economy? What is the term used to describe the development of financial products designed to achieve particular client objectives? What type of mortgage was bundled into MBS? What does CDS stand for? What is another term for MBS? What happened to the use of CDS in the years leading up to the crisis? When did CDO issuance peak? How much was CDO issuance in Q1 2004? What was the peak of CDO issuance by Q1 2007? What percentage of CDO assets were non-prime? What was the peak of CDO issuance by Q1 2008? What went hand in hand with more complexity? How many actors were connected to a single mortgage? What type of information did actors rely on more and more? What did a group of computer scientists build in 2005? When did a group of computer scientists build a model for the mechanism of biased ratings produced by rating agencies? What may be measured by interest rates or fees? What is the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on additional risk? What prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis? What type of format would have been better for risk levels to be disclosed? How did the financial crisis impact the mortgage market? What type of risk did market participants not accurately measure? For what reason did market participants not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation? What was the average recovery rate for "high quality" CDOs? What was the recovery rate for a mezzanine CDO? How much CDO was sold between late 2005 and the middle of 2007? What company insured obligations of various financial institutions through the usage of credit default swaps? What type of swaps did AIG use to insure obligations of various financial institutions? When was AIG taken over by the government? How much money did the U.S. taxpayers provide to AIG during 2008 and 2009? What did AIG receive in exchange for a promise to pay money to party A in the event party B defaulted? Who said that the super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks? As financial assets became more and more complex, what became harder and harder to value? Who did the rating agencies rely on for information? Who did the authorities turn to for risk management methods? Who relied on the information provided by the originators of synthetic products? Who published the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas"? When was the conference held by Merrill Lynch? Who held a conference in London in 2006 to address the copula limitations? What limitations did the conference attempt to rectify? When was the conference held by Merrill Lynch? Who was the President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank in 2008? When did Timothy Geithner become Secretary of the Treasury? What is another name for the shadow banking system? What was the parallel banking system also called? What did Geithner call the shadow banking system? When did the securitization markets start to close down? When did the securitization markets nearly shut down? How much of the private credit markets became unavailable as a source of funds? Who said that the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close the gap? How long would it take for the traditional banking system to generate enough capital to support additional lending volume? Who testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in 2010? What markets remain impaired? How much private bond issuance peaked in 2006? How much private bond issuance was there in 2009? What is the name of the Federal Reserve's program to aid credit card, auto and small-business lenders? What happened to commodity prices after the collapse of the housing bubble? What was the price of oil in 2007? What happened to the price of oil in late 2008? What is one of the causes of the increase in commodity prices? What does an increase in oil prices divert a larger share of consumer spending into? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? What was the name of the exchange founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP? Along with Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP, who founded the IntercontinentalExchange? What is the name of the exchange that was founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP? In addition to Atlanta, where was the IntercontinentalExchange based? Who argue that the financial crisis revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession? What type of economics did Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis revealed? What type of economics do Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue for? What do Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt call for? Who is the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India? When did Raghuram Rajan deliver a controversial paper? Who did Raghuram Rajan celebrate with in 2005? What was the title of Rajan's 2005 paper? What is the term for risks that generate severe adverse consequences with small probability but offer generous compensation the rest of the time? Who was the only mainstream economist to not predict the financial crisis? What did Rajan call the financial crisis? Who predicted the financial crisis? What did the Austrian economic school view the crisis as? Who was the former Fed Chair? What magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s? What was the worst economic crisis of the 1930s? Where is the online business journal of the University of Pennsylvania located? Who was called "Dr. Doom"? What did The New York Times call Nouriel Roubini? Who wrote The Black Swan? Who said that Taleb saw the banking crisis coming? What did Taleb warn against? What type of stocks did Taleb make a big bet on? Who believes distinctions exist between the current market malaise and the Great Depression? What is the Dow Jones average's fall over 17 months? How much of a fall in the Dow Jones average was similar to the Great Depression? Who is the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times? What was the name of the medium-sized British bank that was one of the first to suffer a bank run? What bank did Northern Rock ask for security from? When did the bank run occur? When was Northern Rock taken into public hands? What was the name of the medium-sized British bank that was one of the first to suffer a bank run? What did IndyMac often make loans without? What type of appraisals were often questionable for IndyMac? What type of credit histories did IndyMac make loans to? What type of mortgage products did IndyMac offer? What did IndyMac resist trying to regulate? How many of the poorest families had no wealth declines during the crisis? What percent of all Americans had a decrease in total wealth during the crisis? What percentage of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percentage of families on the bottom of the pyramid suffered a decrease in wealth? What percentage of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis? Where was the European Commission located? How much did the European Commission predict GDP growth for 2009? What was the GDP growth for the UK in 2009? Who predicted a worldwide recession in 2009? How much did the IMF predict a worldwide recession for 2009? What have central banks around the world done to avoid a deflationary spiral? What type of stimulus packages have governments enacted to offset the reduction in private sector demand? What was the traditional role of the Federal Reserve during the crisis? What did the U.S. Federal Reserve expand? What is a deflationary spiral? What brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse? How much money did the central banks purchase from banks in the last quarter of 2008? How much money was purchased from banks in the last quarter of 2008? Who is the Nobel laureate who explained how the US Federal Reserve was implementing another monetary policy to combat the liquidity trap? What was created as a method to combat the liquidity trap? Who introduced a series of regulatory proposals in 2009? What is one of the main concerns of the proposed regulations? What type of trading did Obama want to limit? Who argued for the proposed changes? Who argued for the proposed changes? When did the Senate pass a reform bill? When did the House pass a bill? What is not part of the legislation? Who passed a reform bill in May 2010? What prevented the collapse of large financial institutions? How much was the decline in consumer wealth estimated in U.S. dollars? When did BNP Paribas terminate withdrawals from three hedge funds citing "a complete evaporation of liquidity"? When did the global recession begin? Who terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds citing "a complete evaporation of liquidity"? When did the housing bubble peak? When was the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act passed? What was the theory that housing prices would continue to escalate? What type of mortgages were overvaluation? What was lacking to back up the financial commitments they were making? What report concluded that the financial crisis was caused by high risk, complex financial products? What act was repealed in 1999? What commission concluded that the financial crisis was avoidable? Who failed to accurately price the risk involved with mortgage-related financial products? What did governments fail to adjust their practices to address to address 21st century financial markets? What are MBS and CDO? What is another term for collateralized debt obligations? What type of financial institutions reported significant losses as housing prices declined? What enabled institutions and investors around the world to invest in the U.S. housing market? Where did MBS and CDO derive their value from? How much money is estimated to have been lost globally? What is a financial incentive to enter foreclosure? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? What other types of loan types have seen increased losses as the crisis expanded? What is the name of the epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S.? What is another name for the shadow banking system? What is another name for the shadow banking system? What is the process of the financial system expanding and becoming fragile called? What did the U.S. government emphasize in order to encourage business? What caused the financial system to expand and become fragile? What type of losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend? What was the effect of MBS losses on the economy? What did central banks provide to encourage lending? Who bailed out key financial institutions? What type of losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend? When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? What did the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission conclude was the cause of the crisis? Who failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages? Who was ill prepared for the crisis? What type of corporate governance breakdowns led to the crisis? During what period of competition did mortgage lenders relax underwriting standards? When did the GSEs begin to relax underwriting standards? When were the worst loans originated? When were the worst loans originated? Who policed mortgage originators and maintained high underwriting standards prior to 2003? How many members of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission were Democratic appointees? Who claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans? What was not the primary cause of the financial crisis? What type of loans performed better than loans securitized by private investment banks? How many of the minority report's appointees were Republican? How many substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie hold in 2008? How much money did Fannie and Freddie hold in substandard loans in 2008? Which two government-sponsored entities did Peter J. Wallison believe caused the financial crisis? Who initiated affordable housing policies in the 1990s? How many ex-executives of Fannie and Freddie were involved in the SEC's 2011 securities fraud case? What was the name of the organization that investigated the GSEs? Who called for an investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs? When did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing on the safety and soundness of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? What was the result of the House Financial Services Committee hearing? What committee held a hearing on September 10, 2003 to review the safety and soundness of the GSEs? How much mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders from 1993 to 1998? How much of all U.S. mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders? What act was responsible for 10% of all U.S. mortgage lending? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? When did the relaxation of underwriting standards occur? How much was the amount of publicly announced CRA loan commitments in the years between 1994 and 2007? How much over average was the interest rate on high-interest-rate loans? What type of lending is not surprising? When did the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 occur? What are some of the derivatives that were used to make bets on the value of mortgage loans? What are credit default swaps, collateralized debt obligations and synthetic CDOs? In what magazine did Michael Lewis speak with a trader? What are credit default swaps, collateralized debt obligations and synthetic CDOs? What are some of the derivatives that were used to make bets on the value of mortgage loans? What type of loans were supported by the US residential housing bubble? What was the main cause of the financial crisis? What was the reason the U.S. residential housing bubble led to a financial crisis? When did the housing bubble in the U.S. end? Who wrote that every bubble has the potential to cause a financial crisis? How far away is Puerto Rico from St. Barthélemy? What is the name of the channel that separates St. Barthélemy from Saint Martin? What are the Roques? What is the name of the island of St. Barthélemy? What type of islets belong to St. Barthélemy? What is the native language of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the native language of the residents of Saint-Barthélemy? How many people speak the St. Barthélemy French patois? What is the native language of the residents of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the difference in language preference between Créole and Patois? What is the name of the neighboring island to Saint Barthélemy? How many years does the president of Saint Barthélemy serve? When was the last election to the territorial council? When did COM status take effect? How many members are on the Territorial Council? When was the last election in the French Senate? What organization is St. Barthélemy an overseas territory of? How many senators represent the island in the French Senate? When was the first election held on the island? How many gendarmes are on the island? What type of production is difficult on the island? What type of potato is grown in patches on Norfolk Island? What type of salt is produced on the island? What type of fishing did the early settlers of Norfolk Island do? What is the name of the port on Norfolk Island? What is St. Barthélemy known for? How many tourists visit the island each year? What is the price of a beachfront villa on the island? What is one of the reasons for the high standard of living on the island? How is most of the food imported to the island? How many hotels are on the island? How many rooms does the largest hotel have? From what two countries does St. Barthélemy attract a labour force? How many rooms does Hotel Le Toiny have? How many private villas are available to rent on the island? What type of plants are found on the island? Which part of the island receives more rainfall? How many species of plants are found on the island? What type of grapes are found on the island? From where was the Coconut palm brought to the island? What type of tree was brought from the Mediterranean? What is the name of the night blooming tree? Where was the golden trumpet originally from? When was the barbary fig planted? What is the name of the tree that was planted as barbed wire defenses against invading British army in 1773? When are dolphins, porpoises and whales seen on Norfolk Island? When do dolphins, porpoises and whales migrate to Norfolk Island? What is a common sight along the coastline of the island? What is the favorite diet of the leatherback sea turtles? Where do green turtles live? What color are conch shells? What type of fish has pearly pink shells? In what type of waters are sergeant majors found? What type of crabs live on the beach? What do hermit crabs eat? How many zones does the Reserve Naturelle cover? What endangered marine species is protected in the Reserve Naturelle? What is prohibited in the Reserve? What is the name of Saint-Barthélemy's marine reserve? What is prohibited in the Reserve Naturelle? Who built the three forts in the town? What was the previous name of Fort Oscar? When was Fort Gustav built? What is the name of the building that now houses the local gendarmerie? On what side of the sea is Fort Oscar located? How many restaurants are on the island? Where are many of the finest restaurants located? What do the French call snack restaurants? What type of cuisine does Creole cuisine have? What type of events does the island host throughout the year? When is the Transat AG2R Race held? Where does the Transat AG2R Race originate? How long are the boats? How long are the boats in the Transat AG2R Race? How many sailors are in each boat? Where is Gustaf III Airport located? What type of aircraft serve Gustaf III Airport? What is the name of the airport on Sint Maarten? What is the name of the neighboring island to St. Barthélemy? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of the island? What country is Saint-Barthélemy an overseas collectivity of? What is the official name of Saint-Barthélemy? What language is the island Ouanalao spoken in? What do the indigenous people of Saint-Barthélemy call the island? Where is Puerto Rico in the Greater Antilles? What type of volcano is Saint Barthélemy? What is the population of Saint Barthélemy in 2011? What is the capital of Saint Barthélemy? What country was Guadeloupe under during the Napoleonic Wars? During what season is Saint Barthélemy a popular tourist destination? What is an overseas region and department of France? When did the island residents seek separation from Guadeloupe? When did the island of Saint Barthélemy become an Overseas Collectivity? What is the current name of the Hotel de Ville? Who represents the island in Paris? What bay has a 4 fathoms patch near the mid entrance? What type of vessels use Grande Saline Bay? What is visible on the north and east sides of the island? In what type of waters are the coral reefs on the island? What type of reserve are some of the offshore reefs on the island? How many public beaches are on St Barthélémy? How many public beaches are suitable for swimming? What side of the beach is the calmest? Which side of the beach is popular for windsurfing? What sport is popular on the windward beaches? What is the climate like on the island? How many square kilometers is the island? What is the average rainfall on the island? When is the rainy season on the island? What is the lowest night temperature recorded on the island? When did the British invade the harbour town? When did the Swedes add more buildings to the town? What was the port known as before the Swedes occupied it? What was the name given to the port by the Swedes? What war was on in the 18th century? What is the name of the historical museum in Gustavia? What is the name of the historical museum in Gustavia? Where is the museum located? What countries have occupied St. Barts in the past? What type of houses are on display in the museum? In what two fields is the genome the genetic material of an organism? What is the genetic material of an organism? What is another name for DNA? Who created the term genome? When was the term genome created? Where was Hans Winkler a professor? What other words already existed before the word "ome"? How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell? During what process is the halving of genetic material in gametes accomplished? What organelles contain their own DNA? What is the study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms called? What does genetics generally study? What does it mean to say that the genome of a sexually reproducing species has been sequenced? What is the observation that the number of base pairs and number of genes vary widely from one species to another called? What is the name of the protozoan that causes trichomoniasis? How many genes are in the protozoan causing trichomoniasis? How many genes are in the protozoan causing trichomoniasis? Who was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome? What was the first viral RNA-genome sequence? Who completed the first DNA-genome sequence? Where was the first bacterial genome sequenced? When was the first genome sequence for an archaeon completed? What organization maintains one of several databases of genomic information? What animal's genome has been sequenced? What type of fish has had its genome sequenced? When was the genome of a Neanderthal sequenced? How old was the Neanderthal? What new sequencing technology has opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? What company pioneered personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who was one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA? What was James D. Watson one of the co-discoverers of? What is less detailed than a genome sequence? What project was organized to map and to sequence the human genome? Who created the genomic map for the Human Genome Project? Where did Jean Weissenbach and his team work at? What is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome? What can scientists better understand by comparing the genome compositions between genomes? What type of organism has the feature of exon-intron organization of protein coding genes? What organization of protein coding genes do eukaryotes have? In what types of organisms is the major part of the genome composed of repetitive DNA? What is an example of a microbe that can be sequenced? What is an example of a biological entity that is more complex than a virus? Where is the auxiliary material carried in a pathogenic microbe's genome? Along with plants, protozoa and animals, what eukaryotes have their own genome? What is the DNA found within the chloroplast referred to as? What is the genome of mitochondria sometimes referred to as? What is the total number of DNA base pairs in one copy of a haploid genome? What is genome size positively correlated with among prokaryotes? What type of DNA acts on the genomes? What is one research strategy to reduce the number of genes in a genome to the bare minimum? In what two ways is the work on minimal genomes done? Along with RNA-coding genes, what type of DNA is generally non-repetitive? What is calculated by using the length of non-repetitive DNA divided by genome size? What is the ratio of non-repetitive DNA divided by? What type of bacteria has a high proportion of non-repetitive DNA? Which eukaryotes have more non-repetitive DNA than repetitive DNA? What percentage of plants and amphibians have no more than 20% non-repetitive DNA? What are the two categories of repetitive DNA in genome? What is calculated by using length of repetitive DNA divide by genome size? What type of repeats count for a significant proportion in genome? What are forms of tandem repeats in the genome? What type of repeats are the largest in mammalian genome? What are able to integrate into the genome at another site within the cell? What is TEs believed to be an important driving force on? What is another name for DNA transposons? What is another name for retrotransposons? Retrotransposons can be transcribed into what? How do DNA transposons move in the genome? What do Class 2 TEs not use as intermediate? What is another term for chromosome number? What are some traits that researchers compare to determine what mechanisms could have produced the great variety of genomes that exist today? What plays a major role in shaping the genome? What is the creation of genetic novelty? What is invoked to explain how there is extreme similarity between small portions of the genomes of two organisms that are otherwise very distantly related? What type of organism seems to have experienced horizontal gene transfer? What type of cells seem to have experienced a transfer of genetic material from their chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes to their nuclear chromosomes? What is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude? What type of school system is restricted on the basis of selection criteria? In what country are comprehensive schools most commonly used? What percentage of British secondary school pupils now attend comprehensive schools? What is the German term for a public high school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement? What practical subjects are more common in comprehensive schools than grammar schools? What type of schools provide post-16 education? What government initiatives have made the comprehensive ideal less certain? How many selective grammar schools are still in operation in England and Wales? When were comprehensive schools introduced to England and Wales? What were comprehensive schools originally conceived as? Along with Academies Programme, Free Schools and University Technical Colleges, what current education reforms will have an impact on comprehensive schools? When did Finland start using comprehensive schools? What is the age range of peruskoulu? What type of school is the Gesamtschule? What type of classes are offered for students who aren't doing well in school? What are the three ways a student can graduate from a Gesamtschule? What percentage of students in Brandenburg attended a Gesamtschule in 2007? What percentage of students in Bavaria attended a Gesamtschule in 2007? What is the name of the new comprehensive school in Hamburg? What is the name of the comprehensive school in Berlin? When were Hauptschulen and Realschulen merged? What type of classes does the Mittelschule offer? What is the name of the college preparatory class that is not offered at the Mittelschule? What school does not exist in some States of Germany? What has been accused of? Who is the Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia? Who stated that comprehensives were structurally discriminated against by the government? What political party is Barbara Sommer a member of? What political party did Sigrid Beer belong to? Gesamtschulen might put what type of students at risk? What class of students perform the poorest at a Hauptschule? What type of school does a student perform the poorest? Who did a study on comprehensive schools? What system did Helmut Fend compare to comprehensive schools? When did Gibraltar open its first comprehensive school? What form of education does a student continue into to complete their A-levels? What do students continue into the sixth form to complete? When were comprehensive schools introduced in Ireland? Who was the Minister for Education in Ireland in 1966? What was the only system of schools completely controlled by the state? What type of school system has replaced the comprehensive school system in Ireland? When was the secular community model introduced in Ireland? Who owns the school property in Ireland? What was removed from the basis of community schools? What type of schools are amalgamations of unviable local schools under a new community school model? When was Walworth School established? Who set up Walworth School? What was the name of the first comprehensive school in Anglesey? When was Holyhead County School opened? What was the name of the first comprehensive school in Coventry? Who was Secretary of State for Education in the 1964-1970 Labour government? Who was Anthony Crosland? What type of school was never widely implemented? Who was Secretary of State for Education in 1970? What type of schools were established under Margaret Thatcher? What political party was Margaret Thatcher a part of? When did most local authorities abandon the 11-plus examination and move to a comprehensive system? What type of schools were formed as a result of the amalgamations? What type of schools did Sandwell and Dudley change all of its state secondary schools to? Which two local authorities in the West Midlands changed all of its state secondary schools to comprehensive schools in the 1970s? Who launched the 'great debate' on the education system? What is the most common type of state secondary school in England? What political party was prime minister in 1976? When was the Education Reform Act passed? When was the Education Reform Act passed? What is government policy currently promoting that allows parents to choose a secondary school appropriate for their child's interests? What is the name of the controversial league tables of school performance? What type of education does Scotland have? What type of schools has the Scottish Government rejected? When did the Scottish Government reject plans for specialist schools? What other country has a similar education system to that of Northern Ireland? What other countries have education systems similar to Northern Ireland's? What is the official name of the Republic of the Congo? What country borders the Republic of the Congo to the northeast? What country borders the Republic of the Congo to the west? What country borders the Republic of the Congo to the northwest? Where is the Republic of the Congo located? What tribes dominated the region? When did the Republic of the Congo become independent? Who has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years? Who has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years? Where did the Republic of Congo rank in terms of oil production in the Gulf of Guinea? What type of revenues did the Republic of Congo receive? What was the name of the earliest inhabitants of the region? When did the Pygmy people arrive in the region? Who founded tribes during the Bantu expansions? Who reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? Who reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? Along with commodities, manufactured goods, and people, what did European merchants trade with the Bantu kingdoms? When did European colonization of the Congo river delta begin? What societies were affected by the colonization of the Congo river delta? When did the area north of the Congo River come under French sovereignty? Who signed a treaty with Makoko of the Bateke? What was the original name of the Congo Colony? What was the name of the group that included Middle Congo, Gabon, Chad, and Oubangui-Chari? How many lives were lost in the construction of the Congo-Ocean Railroad? What was the capital of Free France during World War II? When was the Brazzaville Conference? When was the Fourth Republic established? What was the name of the local legislature that was established in 1946? When was the Fifth Republic established? What was the name of the group that dissolved into its constituent parts? What was the Middle Congo known as in 1958? When was the first constitution published? When did the Republic of the Congo receive full independence from France? Who was the first president of the Republic of the Congo? Who was the head of the provisional government? Who instigated the uprising that ousted Fulbert Youlou? Who took charge of the country briefly after the uprising? Who was elected president in 1963? What was the country's constitutional ideology? What country sent army troops into the country to train militia units? When did the coup d'etat end? Who was the first president of the People's Republic of the Congo? What was the name of the first "people's republic"? What was the new name of the National Revolutionary Movement? When was an attempted coup in the Congo? When was Marien Ngouabi assassinated? What group did Sassou Nguesso align the country with? What country did Sassou Nguesso sign a friendship pact with? What type of government did Sassou Nguesso have? What type of repression did Sassou Nguesso rely on to maintain his dictatorship? Who was Congo's first elected president? What organization supported Lissouba's economic reforms? What broke out in Congo in mid-1997? What was the name of the IMF agreement with Congo that was on the verge of being renewed? Who declared himself president? What was the name of Sassou's private militia? Who invaded Congo to install Sassou in power? When did the Angolan socialist régime invade Congo to install Sassou in power? Who advised his supporters to boycott the elections? How long did the new constitution extend the term of the president? When was the new constitution agreed upon? When was the peace treaty signed? Who won the 2009 election? What non-governmental organization said the election was marked by fraud and irregularities? What was the turnout in the 2009 election? What type of political system does Congo-Brazzaville have? What political party is backed by President Denis Sassou Nguesso? What is the name of the Congolese Labour Party? What has Sassou's regime been hit by? In what country did a French investigation find over 110 bank accounts and dozens of lavish properties? When did Sassou Nguesso announce that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's 2002 constitution? How many consecutive terms did Sassou Nguesso run for? Who owned the main media in 2008? How many private television channels? How many private television channels are there? Who do many Pygmies belong from birth to? What do the Congolese Human Rights Observatory call the Pygmies? When was the law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples adopted? What is the latitudes of the Democratic Republic of Congo? What are the longitudes of the Democratic Republic of Congo? On what ocean is the Democratic Republic of Congo located? What country is to the southwest of the Democratic Republic of Congo? What is Cabinda's official name? What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo? What river is Brazzaville located on? What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo? What country is Kinshasa the capital of? What is the southwest of Guinea-Bissau? What is the primary drainage in the southwest of Guinea-Bissau? What is the interior of Guinea-Bissau known as? What type of trees are under increasing exploitation pressure? Where is the country located? What is the average day temperature in Swaziland? What is the average night temperature in Swaziland? When is the dry season in Swaziland? Who studied gorillas in 2006-07? In what region of Guinea-Bissau did researchers study gorillas in 2006-07? What has preserved the isolation of the Western Lowland Gorillas from humans? What is the mainstay of the economy in Swaziland? What is the government characterized by? What sector of the economy has been replaced by petroleum extraction? What percentage of the GDP was derived from the oil sector in 2008? What percentage of exports did the oil sector account for in 2008? What type of projects did the government finance in the 1980s? What was the average GDP growth in the 1980s? How much did the devaluation of the Franc Zone currencies cause inflation in 1994? What was the inflation rate in the Franc Zone in 1994? What caused the economic reform program to stop in June 1997? What was a major factor that hurt the economy in 1998? When did armed conflict resume in CAR? What is one of the main economic problems of the current administration? What is one of the major Congolese exports? When was Congo re-admitted to the Kimberley Process? Along with gold, iron and phosphate, what mineral deposits does the Republic of the Congo have? What organization is the Republic of the Congo a member of? How many hectares of land did the Congolese government lease to South African farmers in 2009? What are the three types of transportation in the Republic of the Congo? When was the country's rail system built? What city has flights to the Republic of the Congo? What ocean is Pointe-Noire located on? Where is the Republic of the Congo's sparse population concentrated? How long is the railway that connects Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire? How many languages are spoken in the Republic of the Congo? What is the largest ethnic group in the Congo? What percentage of Congo's population are Pygmies? How much of the Congo's population are Boulangui? How many Europeans lived in the Congo before the 1997 war? What nationality were most of the Europeans and other non-Africans living in the Congo? How many American expatriates live in the Congo? What religion makes up 33.1% of the population? What percentage of people in the Republic of the Congo are Awakening Lutherans? What percentage of people in the Republic of the Congo are Protestants? What percentage of people in the Republic of the Congo are Muslim? What is the main cause of the influx of foreign workers into the urban centers? What percentage of the GDP was public expenditure health in 2004? What was the HIV/AIDS prevalence among 15- to 49-year-olds in 2012? What was the health expenditure per capita in 2004? How many physicians were there per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s? What was the maternal mortality rate as of 2010? What is rare in the country? What was the infant mortality rate as of 2010? What is the compulsory age for education in Guinea-Bissau? What was the net primary enrollment rate in 2005? What does a child in Guinea-Bissau receive after seven years of secondary school? What language is taught at all levels of education in Guinea-Bissau? What branch of government does a prime minister belong to? What is the most senior minister in the executive branch of government? What is the official who is appointed to manage and execute the directives of the head of state? What is the name of the parliamentary system that is modeled after the Westminster system? What is the role of the head of state in a parliamentary system? What is the prime minister expected to do with other ministers? What is another name for executive powers? What body is the prime minister usually a member of? What is the title of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom? What was Winston Churchill's title during the Second World War? When was Cardinal Richelieu named prime minister of France? Who was the first person to use the term Prime Minister? What country did Cardinal Richelieu serve as prime minister of? Who was the first person to avoid giving this title to their chief ministers? When did the term prime minister originate? Who was the prime minister disparagingly referred to in reference to? Who was the head of the government under Henry VIII? Who was the prime minister under Queen Anne? Who was the prime minister under Charles II? Who appointed the cabinet? Who appointed the cabinet? Which Tory ministers shared power during Anne's reign? Who was driven into exile when they lost favor? What was the name of the revolution in 1688? What was the name of the bill that was passed in 1689? What became a part of the government after the Glorious revolution? Who became the de facto head of the government after Anne's death? When did Anne die? Where did George I live? How long did Robert Walpole hold office? What political party was Robert Walpole? What doctrine was developed under Walpole? What did Lord Melbourne say? Who said, "It matters not what we say, gentlemen, so long as we all say the same thing"? Who continued to deny that Walpole was prime minister? Who consolidated the power of the post? Who was the first prime minister to be referred to as "prime minister"? When did the title "prime minister" appear in the formal British Order of precedence? What type of president does Latin America have? Who is the longest serving non-elected prime minister in Bahrain? When did Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifa become prime minister? Who is the longest serving non-elected prime minister? What is an example of a parliamentary republic in which the head of state is elected? What is an example of a parliamentary republic in which the head of state is elected? What is the head of government of the People's Republic of China referred to as? What country is the premier of the Republic of China also known as? Who approves the appointment of the prime minister in semi-presidential systems? What is a state of affairs when the president and the prime minister are from different political parties? What can the parliament of France force the resignation of? What country's constitution outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister? What is the process of the Prime Minister's appointment and dismissal? Where does the People's Republic of China constitution set a premier? What is the pinyin for Premier? What act added a reference to the Prime Minister of Canada in 1982? When was the Constitution Act passed? What two types of ministers are included in the constitution? What outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic? When was the first mention of a prime minister in official state documents? Who was the last Prime Minister to be Chancellor of the Exchequer? When did Balfour become Chancellor of the Exchequer? Who was the only prime minister appointed on one occasion in 1979? When was Margaret Thatcher appointed prime minister? When did Margaret Thatcher leave office? How did Margaret Thatcher reshuffle her cabinet after a general election? What is the name of the Irish Prime Minister? What is the political party that commands majority of seats in the lower house of parliament in Ireland? When is the Irish Taoiseach formally'renominated'? Which house of parliament is required to have the confidence of a government? What houses of parliament rarely exercise the right to block supply to the lower house? What happens when a government loses a vote of confidence? Who can refuse a parliamentary dissolution? What happens when a head of state refuses a parliamentary dissolution? Who decides when to request a parliamentary dissolution? When did the tradition of the prime minister requesting a dissolution of parliament begin? In what year did the Irish constitution give the Taoiseach the right to request a dissolution of parliament? What was the name of the Irish cabinet in 1922? Who is given the power to request a dissolution of parliament? What is the name of the motion that would cause a Prime Minister to step down in Australia? What is the Russian prime minister's official title? What is the Israeli prime minister's official title? What is the Spanish prime minister's official title? What is the Irish prime minister called in English? What is another common form of Minister-President? What is the Scandinavian prime minister called in the native languages? What is another term for prime minister? Which two countries have heads of government titles that are almost always translated as Chancellor? What is the head of government in Monaco called? What is the head of government in Vatican City called? What is the head of Iran's government called in English? In what countries is a prime minister entitled to the style of Excellency like a president? What is another name for Prime Minister of Canada? What is the name of the council in the UK that the prime minister and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable? What country has a Prime Minister who is styled Right Honourable? What type of government is in place in the UK? What are the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish, and Welsh governments called in the UK? What is the Indian Prime Minister's official name? What is the Pakistani Prime Minister referred to as? What does Wazir-e-Azam mean in English? What is the Prime Minister's executive office usually called? What is the Prime Minister's executive office in the UK called? What is not to be confused with information technology? When did the English term polytechnic appear? What is the name of the engineering school founded in Paris in 1794? What language does the French term polytechnic come from? What is another term for "institute of technology"? What was the name of the world's first institution of technology? When did institutes of technology and polytechnics become popular? What was the Braunschweig University of Technology founded as in 1745? When was the École Polytechnique founded? What are institutes of technology and polytechnics accredited to award? When were UK polytechnics designated as universities? What is the current name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution? Where was the Royal Polytechnic Institution founded? What type of universities were elite technological universities concentrating on applied science and engineering? What was the name of the new universities formed in the 1990s? What was the name of the system of technical schools that offered both vocational and higher education? What is another term for technical and further education? What TAFE is expanding into higher education? When did the old college system and TAFE Tasmania start a 3 year restructure? How many Universities of Technology are in Australia? What is a German type of tertiary education institution? What types of degrees are offered at a Fachhochschule? What is the name of the school used in Belgium and the Netherlands? What is the process of Hogeschool institutions in the Flemish Community of Belgium undergoing? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? In what country are there Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes and Universities? What type of schools are affiliated with a national university? Where are the École Polytechnique de Montréal and the Ecole de technologie supérieure located? What type of funding does Canadian higher education institutions use for directed and applied research? What is the name of the national alliance of eleven leading research-intensive colleges and institutes of technology? What type of projects lead to technology commercialization? When did China's modern higher education begin? What university offered liberal arts? How many of China's elite universities remain essentially polytechnical? When was the law about polytechnic education passed in Croatia? What institute monitors over the country's seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity? What is one of the oldest observatories in South America? Who manages the Quito Astronomical Observatory? When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded? How many nuclear science departments are there in Ecuador? What is the goal of the university? How many students have been sponsored by the Institute? What is the name of the French-speaking university in Finland? How many credits does a M.Sc. (Tech.) require before the Bologna process? How many credits does a M.Sc. from a normal university require? What is the common term for polytechnic schools in Finland? What is the common term for polytechnic schools in Finland? What is the Swedish name for a polytechnic school? What type of curricula are provided as autonomous higher education engineering institutes? What does IUT stand for? What is another name for institut universitaire de technologie? What is another term for a haute école specialisée in the German speaking part of Switzerland? What term is used in Eastern Europe? When was the French education system set? What is the Spanish term for a polytechnique in Brazil? When were Fachhochschulen first founded? What do Fachhochschulen focus on more than research? What type of courses are offered at Fachhochschulen? What is the abbreviation for Technische Universität? What does a technical university focus on? What type of faculty does RWTH Aachen, TU Dresden and TU München have? How many German Institutes of Technology have been formed? How many universities of technology are there in Germany? How many students are enrolled in Germany's universities of technology? Which two states have the highest counts of TUs? What is a joint-venture of TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig and University of Hanover? What act was passed in 1983? What was the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? What was the name of the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? When was the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong founded? What is the name of the university in Hong Kong that focuses on applied science, engineering and business? When were the two Hong Kong polytechnics granted university status? What precious metal did the Berg-Schola train specialists in? When was the Berg-Schola established? Who established the Berg-Schola? How many autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology are there? How many National Institutes of Technology are Government Institutions? What is the authority over technical education in India? What is a specific academic award usually awarded in technical or vocational courses? How many public institutes of technology in Indonesia are owned by the government? How many years does Politeknik typically offer a diploma? What is another name for an Institute of Technology? What is the name of the college that developed separately from the Regional Technical College system? What is a technical university awarding degrees in engineering? How many Politecnici were there in the north? Where is the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia headquartered? What was the forerunner of the University of Tokyo's engineering faculty? What is an institute of technology specialized in? Where are the Polytechnics located? Who helped establish the Polytechnics in Malaysia? Where is Politeknik Ungku Omar located? How many polytechnic are in Malaysia? How many students attended polytechnic courses in 2009? How many students attended polytechnic in 2012? What is the name of the only technical university in Mauritius? What is the focus of the University of Technology, Mauritius? What country is polytechnics established under? What is the official name of New Zealand's polytechnics? When were New Zealand polytechnics established? What polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University? When did New Zealand's tertiary education system begin to consolidate? What New Zealand polytechnic explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology? Where is Waiarapa Polytechnic located? What is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status? What grade of standardized exams are students admitted to the diploma program based on? What is the main purpose of Polytechnic Institutes? How many years does the diploma program in Pakistan last? What is the name of the lateral entry to engineering degree courses called? What is the international high school certificate in Pakistan known as? What is the main kind of technical university name in Poland? What were short cycle degrees known as in Portugal? What process allowed polytechnics to offer 2nd cycle degrees in 2007? What is the name of the centralized institute in Singapore? How many polytechnics are in Singapore? How many years of diploma courses do polytechnics offer? Who established the Banská Akadémia? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? What was the purpose of the Banská Akadémia? When did teaching begin at the Banská Akadémia? What is the Banská Akadémia still used for today? What type of institutions were given the power to award certain technology degrees in 1993? When were Technikons given the power to award certain technology degrees? In what year did Technikons merge with traditional universities to form Comprehensive Universities? What type of colleges in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees? What type of degrees did technical colleges in the past not offer? What is an example of a university level institution that can grant degrees to the doctoral level? Who founded the University of Technology Thonburi? What was the former name of Rajamangala University of Technology? What is the name of the engineering school of Thammasat University? What is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand? When was Suranaree University of Technology established? What is the most well known private technological institute in Thailand? What is the name of the technical university founded in Bursa? How many technical universities are about to be opened in Konya? In what two cities were technical universities opened in the 1950s? When did the binary system of education end? Who validated diplomas and degrees at the national level? What were the comparable institutions in Scotland called? What was Britain's first Polytechnic? How many "Institutes of Science and Technology" were there in the UK? What was Loughborough University called from 1966 to 1996? When did colleges of technology become universities? What act granted Polytechnics university status? What organization was responsible for the oversight of polytechnics before 1992? What are technical institutes called if they are associated with a university? When were technical institutes formed? What type of education was provided by technical institutes? When was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? What is the name of the first Polytechnic Institute? What class was considered to be in need of technical education in Venezuela? When were institutes of technology developed in Venezuela? Where is the first IUT in Venezuela? Who created the first IUT in Venezuela? What is the Wayback Machine a digital archive of? What is the name of the organization that created the Wayback Machine? Where is the Wayback Machine based? Who set up the Wayback Machine? What does the Wayback Machine call its index? What type of node is used to archive cached pages of web sites? What happens if the content has changed? What is the goal of archiving the entire internet? What was the name of the cartoon series that used the Wayback Machine? Who were the lead characters in Peabody's Improbable History? What was the name of the time machine used by Peabody and Sherman? When did Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat develop software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages? What is the name of the software that collects information on the internet? What do crawlers respect? What was developed in 2005 by the Internet Archive to allow institutions and content creators to voluntarily harvest and preserve collections of digital content? Where was the information kept for the first five years? Who did Kahle allow to use the database? How long had the archive been kept on digital tape? Where was the archive opened to the public? How long does it take for snapshots to become available after they are archived? How long does it take for snapshots to become available? What is the frequency of snapshots? When did sites have to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included? Who was the head of the Internet Archive in 2010? When was Jeff Kaplan of the Internet Archive interviewed about the Open Directory? How much data does the Wayback Machine contain as of 2009? How much data was stored on the Wayback Machine in 2003? What is the name of the rack system that holds the Wayback Machine's data? What company manufactures the PetaBox rack systems used by the Wayback Machine? When did the Internet Archive migrate its storage architecture to Sun Open Storage? What company did the Internet Archive move to in 2009? Where is the Internet Archive's new data center located? When was a new, improved version of the Wayback Machine released? When was the Beta of the new Wayback Machine released? When was the last year the Wayback Machine's index was updated? When was the new Wayback Machine's index updated? What is the name of the feature that allows a user to archive the contents of a URL? When was the "Save a Page" feature introduced? What was the name of the company that filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable robots.txt? Who filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file? What file was causing the Wayback Machine to retroactively remove access to previous versions of pages it archived from Nebula's site? Who filed a sworn statement supporting Chordiant's motion? Who filed a sworn statement supporting the motion to subpoena Internet Archive? Who rejected Netbula's arguments and ordered them to disable the robots? In what division of the United States is the Northern District of California located? Who was able to retrieve the archived pages that they sought? What was the name of the litigant in Telewizja Polska USA v. Echostar Satellite? What is the name of the network that EchoStar operates? Who rejected Telewizja Polska's assertion of hearsay? Who was the trial judge? What is used to determine if a Web page is available as prior art? What does the Internet Archive have to provide? What are the limitations to archiving a web site? What are not exposed and therefore, can contain errors? What does the Wayback Machine not fill out in order to preserve the contents of non-RESTful e-commerce databases? What type of databases do Wayback Machine not include in their archives? What could the Wayback Machine be interpreted as violating in Europe? What would the Archive have to do in order to avoid violating copyright laws in Europe? Where can the exclusion policies for the Wayback Machine be found? What religion was one of the sites removed from the Wayback Machine? Who requested that the sites be removed from the Wayback Machine? Who demanded that the sites be removed from the Wayback Machine? Who defended a client from a trademark dispute using the Archive's Wayback Machine? What was the name of the plaintiff in the lawsuit? What organization was accused of copyright infringement? What laws did Healthcare Advocates accuse the Internet Archive of violating? What is the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What organization is not interested in preserving or offering access to Web sites or other Internet documents of persons who do not want their materials in the collection? Who filed a lawsuit against the Internet Archive in 2005? What was the name of Suzanne Shell's web site? Where was the declaratory judgment action filed? Where was the United States District Court for the District of Colorado located? When did the Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell settle their lawsuit? Who announced the settlement of the lawsuit? Who filed the lawsuit against the Internet Archive? What type of request did the actor send to the Archive? In what court did a pornographic actor try to remove images of himself? What is another name for the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands? When did the Dutch Republic end? What is the modern name of the Netherlands? What are the present-day Low Countries? What county was under the Kingdom of France? Who ruled most of the Low Countries before the House of Burgundy? Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction? When did William I of Orange revolt against Philip II? What did William I of Orange want to centralize in the Netherlands? When was the Union of Utrecht signed? In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed? What was the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II called? When was the Act of Abjuration? What did the Union of Utrecht promise to do? When did Francis, Duke of Anjou leave the Netherlands? When did Francis, Duke of Anjou leave the Netherlands? When was William of Orange assassinated? Who declined the offer of sovereignty from Henry III of France? When did the provinces become a confederacy? When did a series of republican revolutions occur in the Netherlands? Where did the republican forces flee to? What was the name of the republic created by the republican revolutions in the Netherlands? When did the Netherlands regain independence from France? What names were used in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814? Along with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège, what was one of the Southern provinces of the Kingdom of the Netherlands? During what era did the Dutch Republic dominate world trade? What was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world? When was the Dutch East India Company founded? Which city has the oldest stock exchange in the Netherlands? How many cities did the Dutch East-India Company go public in? What city is recognized as the oldest stock exchange based on modern trading principles? When did the Dutch have one of the strongest and fastest navies in the world? Where did the Dutch slave trade come from? Where did the Dutch break the Portuguese sphere of influence? How many provinces were in the republic? What was the federal government? How many provinces were in the republic? What was the name of the eighth province? Why was the County of Drenthe exempt from paying federal taxes? What was the name of the main executive official of the Provincial States? Who commanded the army in times of war? Who commanded the army in times of war? Who were the stadtholders subordinate to? Who were chosen as stadtholders of most of the provinces? Which two provinces had the same stadtholder as Holland? Who supported the stadtholders? Who supported the States General? What was the name of the peace that assigned border territories to the United Provinces? What are Generaliteitslanden? What is the present name of Staats-Brabant? Who was in control of the Dutch East India Company? Which provinces initiated shipping expeditions? What was influenced by the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces? Who wrote Federalist No. 20? What is the Act of Abjuration? When was the Union of Utrecht? What did the Union of Utrecht say every person should be free in the choice of? Who was a strong supporter of public and personal freedom of religion? What type of services were forbidden in all provinces? What religion did a person have to conform to in order to hold public office during the Republic? What was one factor in the extent to which different religions were persecuted? How much was a skilled tradesman fined in Leiden in the 17th century? What was one factor that caused large immigration of religious refugees from other parts of Europe? What was the subject of controversy in the Reformed Church during the Republic? What is the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism known as? In what year did the Synod of Dort ban the Remonstrant faith? When did the situation change from active persecution to restricted toleration of other religions? Where did religious services take place in the 18th century? What language is symbiosis derived from? What type of organism is symbiosis? In what language did de Bary define symbiosis? How long has it been since the de Bary definition of symbiosis was used? What is it called when both symbionts entirely depend on each other for survival? What type of symbiotic relationship is optional? What is an example of a symbiotic organism that cannot live on its own? What is an example of a symbiotic relationship? What is symbiosis in which the organisms are not in union called? What is it called when one partner lives inside the other? How much of the world's population of insects rely on endosymbionts? What is the name of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in alder tree root nodules? What type of algae lives inside reef-building corals? What ectosymbionts attach themselves to the jaw of baleen whales? What is an example of an ectoparasites? What is another term for ectosymbiosis? What is a relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit? How long is a symbiotic relationship? What type of flora helps herbivores digest plant matter? What is the result of mutualisms between coral organisms and various types of algae? What do mutualisms between plants help do? What fungi help extract water and minerals from the ground? What type of fish lives among the tentacles of Ritteri sea anemones? What protects the clownfish from the tentacles of the Ritteri sea anemones? What is an example of a symbiosis? What type of fish sometimes lives together with a shrimp? What does the goby fish do to warn the shrimp of danger? What type of symbiosis is known from encrusting bryozoans? When were the siboglinid tube worms discovered? What do the siboglinid tube worms rely on for? Where were the siboglinid tube worms discovered? What do mutualistic symbioses lack? What type of cells are produced by the host? How are genetic changes passed onto the offspring? What is one of the main changes in the endosymbiont due to adaptation to the host's lifestyle? What is Muller's ratchet phenomenon? What could have been the cause of the deleterious mutations in the non-essential genes of the intracellular bacteria? What language is the word commensalism derived from? What describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped? What is it called when an organism uses another organism for housing? What is it called when an organism uses something created after its death? What is another term for transportation? What is a relationship in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed? What is it called when parasites kill their host? What is an example of a tick feeding on the blood of its host? How many animals have at least one parasitic phase in their life cycles? What is an example of a biotrophic relationship? What is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected? What is an example of a symbiosis where a larger or stronger organism deprives a smaller or weaker one from a resource? What is an example of a relationship where a larger or stronger organism deprives a smaller or weaker one from a resource? What is the substance that destroys many herbaceous plants within its root zone? What species of weevils are of the genus Timarcha? What type of shrub does the Spanish ibex and weevils feed on? What is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other? What is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved? What happens when the interaction between bees and victims of a bee sting results in death? Is synnecrosis common or uncommon in nature? Why do bees inflict pain on themselves? What type of organism is the evolution of all eukaryotes? What are eukaryotes? What is the name of the theory that evolution is based on co-operation among organisms? Who said that life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking? What played a major role in the co-evolution of flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them? What type of pollen did some plants develop? In some taxa of plants and insects the relationship has become what? What is the French name for the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the name of the act that defines the Canadian Armed Forces? Who raised the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the unified armed force of Canada? How many sub-components does the Reserve Force have? Under what act are the Canadian Armed Forces separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence? Who is the reigning Canadian monarch? Who represents Queen Elizabeth II in the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is in charge of the Canadian Armed Forces? Who advises and assists the Chief of the Defence Staff? During what war was Canadian defence policy focused on the security of Europe? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? When were Canadian ground and air forces based in Europe? When did the Canadian ground and air forces stop being based in Europe? What organization has moved much of its defence focus out of area? What has the Canadian military become more deeply engaged in since the end of the Cold War? In what country has the Canadian military been involved in security operations since 2002? When did the Canadian military begin operating in Afghanistan? What has the North Atlantic Treaty Organization moved much of its defence focus out of? What is the name of the Canadian defence policy that was introduced in 2008? When was the Canada First Defence Strategy introduced? How many core missions does the Canada First Defence Strategy say the Canadian military is equipped to carry out? Where are the core missions of the Canada First Defence Strategy located? What does the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to the conduct of? What is one way the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to defence diplomacy? What is the name of the military forum that the Canadian Armed Forces participate in? What type of military training does the Canadian Armed Forces provide? What is one way the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to Canadian defence diplomacy? When was Canada formed? Along with the French, what European forces served as regular members of local militia groups? What was one of the groups that helped defend their territories against attacks by European powers? During what war did Canadian militia help defend their territories? What country invaded British North America in the 19th century? Who was responsible for military command in Canada? Where was the commander-in-chief for North America stationed? When did the British Army and Royal Navy withdraw from Halifax? What was the name of the department that organized Canada's military forces? When was the Canadian Army named? What was the first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces? Who commanded the Canadian troops in the Second Boer War? When did the United Kingdom enter into conflict with Germany? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council send its forces into? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council send troops to? How many international operations have Canadian military units participated in since 1947? How many international operations have Canadian military units participated in since 1947? What war did Canada participate in during the Cold War? What type of peacekeeping operations did Canada participate in during the Suez Crisis? What type of aircraft carrier did Canada maintain during the Cold War? What is one of the most notable battles fought by the Canadian military? What type of bombing did the Canadian military do in Germany? What is a notable battle that the Canadian military has fought? Where was the Battle of Medak Pocket? What was the largest volunteer army ever fielded? What country had the largest navy at the end of the Second World War? What country had the third largest navy in the world at the end of WWII? When did the Canadian Armed Forces merge? What three military branches were merged in 1968? Who controlled the Canadian air force until 1931? When did Canada gain legislative independence from the United Kingdom? What war did the Canadian Corps serve in? What name did the Canadian military use in the 1980s? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name give way to "Canadian Forces"? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name return? What name did the Canadian Armed Forces return to in 2013? What type of forces were deployed in support of peacekeeping operations within United Nations sanctioned conflicts? When did the Canadian Forces leave Afghanistan? What is the NATO-led United Nations International Security Assistance Force? Who requested that the Canadian Forces be deployed to Afghanistan? What type of peacekeeping operations did the Canadian Forces support? How much is the Canadian Armed Forces funded by annually? Where does the Canadian Armed Forces rank in size? How many people are in the Canadian Armed Forces today? When is the number of primary reserve personnel expected to go up to 30,000? What is the total strength of the Canadian Armed Forces? What was the name of the strategy to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces in 2008? What did the Canada First Defence Strategy attempt to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces with? What was the rate of loss of existing members in the Canadian Armed Forces between 2006 and 2008? What types of equipment did the 2006 renewal and re-equipment effort include? What is the name of the air force's medium range transport aircraft? What type of helicopters have been acquired for the Canadian Armed Forces? When was the renewal and re-equipment effort? In what areas of the CAF were women allowed to serve in the 1950s? When did the roles of women in the CAF begin to expand? What are some of the non-traditional areas of employment for women in the CAF? What did the CAF change its policies to allow women to serve at sea? What two laws were passed in 1978 and 1985 that allowed women to serve at sea? What military units were still closed to women in 1987? When was the Combat-Related Employment of Women office created? Who created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? What was the name of the office created to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? When were all military occupations open to women? What military occupation was open to women in 2000? How much did the introduction of women into the combat arms increase the potential recruiting pool? Who was in charge of the government that allowed women to serve on submarines? All equipment must be suitable for what type of force? What type of boots are designed to ensure women have the same level of protection and comfort as their male colleagues? What are women provided with for the purchase of undergarments? Where does the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces begin? What determines that the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the country's sovereign? Who is responsible for signing Orders in Council? What type of orders fall under the royal prerogative? Who must sign Orders in Council? What advice do the monarch and viceroy generally follow? How many members are in the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Canadian Armed Forces? Who appoints the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Canadian Armed Forces? Where is National Defence Headquarters located? What is the rank of the heads of the Royal Canadian Navy? How many Canadian Forces bases are there? Where is the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School? Where do officers and non-commissioned members receive their basic training? How many warships are in the Royal Canadian Navy? Where is MARLANT located? What is the name of the Naval Reserve Headquarters? What type of exercises does the RCN participate in? Who is in charge of the Canadian Army? How many divisions are in the Canadian Army? What are the four divisions of the Canadian Army? What is the name of the fourth Canadian division? What is the name of the fourth Canadian division? How many field-ready brigade groups are in the Regular Force? How many field-ready brigade groups does the Regular Force have? What type of helicopter squadron is co-located with each brigade? What type of ambulance is co-located with each brigade, but not part of the brigade's command structure? Where are the major training and support establishments for the Reserve Force located? Who is the head of the Royal Canadian Air Force? Where is the Canadian NORAD Region based? How many wings are in the 1 Canadian Air Division? What is the name of the commander of a single wing in the Canadian Air Force? Where are the headquarters of the Canadian Air Force located? Where are the command and control facilities for the Canadian Airborne Early Warning Force located? Where is NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen located? What is the name of the Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force? Where are the major air bases in Canada located? What does the JTFN stand for? What does the JTFN have a chain of? What type of operations do the forward operating locations support? What type of squadrons periodically deploy to these airports for short training exercises? What type of patrols do the CF-18 squadrons conduct? When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command established? What three commands were merged to form the Canadian Joint Operations Command? What was the Canadian Joint Operations Command created as a response to? What is the name of the command that generates SOF elements to support the CJOC? What is the main focus of the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? What is the name of the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? Where is the CJIRU based? What is the name of the SOAS based at CFB Petawawa? What is the Information Management Group responsible for? Where is CFS Leitrim located? What is the CAF Cyber Task Force tasked with? When was the Directorate of Cybernetics established? What is the title of the Brigadier General in charge of the Directorate of Cybernetics? Who does the Health Services Group provide health services to? What is the name of the unit that temporarily commands the Health Services Group? What type of support does the Health Services Group provide? What can the reserve force be called upon for in times of national emergency? What are the two types of reserve force? Who represents the Primary Reserve at NDHQ? What are the four components of the Primary Reserve? What does COATS stand for? How old are the cadets in the Canadian Cadet Movement? What branch of the CAF does COATS belong to? What is the name of the sub-component of COATS? What does the Canadian Rangers provide? Where are the Canadian Rangers located? What type of force are the Canadian Rangers? What is Canada's exercise of sovereignty over? What is the daily uniform worn by most members of the CF? Along with gloves, swords, and medals, what is not allowed in service dress? What is now the daily uniform for most members of the CF? What is authorized for winter wear in cold climates? What type of full dress is worn by the navy, most army, and some other units? What are the authorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces? What color are the authorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the most widely worn headgear in the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the name of the helmet worn by the Canadian Army? What gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence? When did Canada increase regular funding for defence by 5,000 persons? How many suburbicarian sees were there in 1059? What was a cardinal's titular church? What is the Latin term for a priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church? When was the term cardinal first used? What are the parishes of the diocese of Rome called? What Latin word means "principal"? Which church retains an instance of the origin of the title of cardinal? Who were the first people to be called cardinals in Rome? When did the Roman cardinals constitute a privileged class among the Roman clergy? When did a synod of cardinals decree that a cardinal was eligible to become pope? Who was the pope in 1059? What document gave cardinals the right to elect the pope? When were cardinals granted the privilege of wearing the red hat? Who granted cardinals the privilege of wearing the red hat? What was the special class among the clergy known as in the 9th century? When did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? When was the title cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome? Who was the first pope to use the term cardinal? When did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? Who reserved the title of cardinal for the cardinals of Rome? When was the title cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome? When was the Ecumenical Council of Trent? Who was the head of the Ecumenical Council of Trent in 1563? When was the Ecumenical Council of Trent? Who was the head of the Ecumenical Council of Trent in 1563? What type of rulers had a large influence on the influence of cardinals? What type of affairs did cardinals often have important roles in? Who was the ruler of France for many years? Who was the ruler of France for many years? What was the name of the cardinal who was crowned king in Portugal? How many cardinals were there at the start of 1971? How many cardinal deacons were there? Which pope exceeded the limit on the number of cardinals? How many cardinals are under the age of 80? What is the maximum age for cardinals? How many cardinals are under the age of 80? What was the limit on the number of cardinals? What type of church is a titular church? Who receives the titular bishopric of Ostia? What is the primary suburbicarian see? When was the title of Eminence decreed? Who decreed their title to be Eminence? What was the secular rank of the Holy Roman Emporer? Along with the Pope and crowned monarchs, who else was considered secondary to the Eminence? Who decreed their title to be Eminence? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? How do cardinals sign? What is the full title of Oriental Patriarchs? Why do Oriental Patriarchs use "Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis"? What is the first name of a cardinal in Latin? What is the first name of a pope in Latin? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? How many cardinals are countries entitled to by concordate? What does no see carry an actual right to? What are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What type of order are cardinals of? What are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What type of priest was usually elected pope? Why was the rite of consecrating a pope performed by someone who was already a bishop? Who consecrates a pope if he is not yet a bishop? Who consecrates a pope if he is not yet a bishop? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When was Velletri united with Ostia? Who separated Velletri from Ostia in 1914? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When did the cardinal bishops have only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? What is the only suburbicarian see that has its own bishop? Who is apostolic administrator of Ostia? When did the cardinal bishops have only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? What is the only suburbicarian see that has its own bishop? Who is apostolic administrator of Ostia? What is the name of the group of cardinals that oversees the day-to-day governance of the Holy See? Who decides the case himself or delegates the decision to a tribunal? What type of ring is given to a newly appointed cardinal? Who gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring? What is the name of the hat given to a new cardinal at the consistory? When was the galero discontinued? What is displayed on a cardinal's coat of arms? What type of cardinals wear the normal dress appropriate to their liturgical tradition? What does a cardinal willingness to die for? What is always white on a cardinal? What color is a cardinal's vesture? When was it customary for cardinals to wear a violet or blue cape? What happens if a pope dies before revealing the identity of an in pectore cardinal? Who was the first pope to create cardinals without publishing their names? What were lay cardinals allowed to do? When was the Code of Canon Law revised? Who may be appointed cardinals? What is one of the functions reserved solely for bishops? Since what year has no cardinal participated in recent papal conclaves? When was it established that all cardinals, even cardinal deacons, had to be priests? When did Pope John XXIII set the norm that all cardinals be ordained as bishops? What is the purpose of the Cardinal Camerlengo? Who is the senior cardinal deacon in order of appointment to the College of Cardinals? Where is the Basilica of Saint Peter? Who chose not to be crowned and opted for a simpler papal inauguration ceremony? What color dalmatics do cardinal deacons wear? How many churches were recognized as cardinalatial deaconries as of 2005? How long do cardinal deacons have the right to opt for the order of cardinal priests? How many cardinals were Italian in 1939? How many cardinal deacons were Italian in 1994? How many deacons are in the Papal Household? What are the lowest-ranking cardinals? Who is the longest serving member of the order of cardinal priests? Who is the current cardinal protopriest? Who must approve the election of the Dean of the College of Cardinals? What type of see does Patriarch cardinals not receive the title of? What is the third order of cardinals in the Catholic Church? What is the highest ranking order of cardinals in the Catholic Church? What is the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church? Who elects the bishop of Rome? What type of church does every cardinal priest have? When was the maximum size of the College fixed at 70? How many cardinal priests were in the College in 1587? Who abolished the limit on the number of titular churches? What is another name for the Iranian languages? What language family are the Iranian languages a branch of? What language family are the Iranian languages a branch of? When did Old Iranian end? What is the language of Sassanid Iran? How many Iranian languages are there? What is the ancestral language of Iranian? Along with Persian, what language is the origin of the word Arya? When was the term for the Iranian language family introduced? Who introduced the term Irano-Aryan? Who used the term Irano-Aryan in 1878? When did Robert Needham Cust use the term Irano-Aryan? What is the common ancestor of all Iranian languages? Where are the Indo-Iranian languages thought to have originated? What culture is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture? When was the Andronovo culture suggested to be the common Indo-Iranian culture? What satem ethno-linguistic group did the Thracian, Balto-Slavic and others belong to? Where did the various Iranian tribes settle? What type of diversity must have existed among the ancient speakers of Iranian languages? How many Iranian languages have survived? What is the last inscription of significant length in which Old Persian is still grammatically correct? When was the Behistun inscription written? When was the transition from Old Persian to Middle Persian already far advanced? What is the name of the language of the Avesta? What is the name of the indigenous Iranian religion? What language is Old Avestan similar to? What language is the successor to Avestan? What is the hypothetical predecessor to Carduchi? What language did Herodotus call Old Iranian? What are the two groups of Iranian languages traditionally grouped into? What language is "western" and Avestan is not? What language is not Old Persian? What are the Proto-Indo-Iranian first-series palatal consonants? What are the first-series palatal consonants of Proto-Indo-Iranian? What language group is similar to the Nuristani languages? What consonant clusters are a complication in reconstructing depalatalized affricates? What is a complication in reconstructing depalatalized affricates? What is possible that other distinct dialect groups were already in existence during this period? What is the hypothetical subgroup of Scythian in the northwest? What is the hypothetical ancestor of Parthian? When did the Middle Iranian era end? What are the two main groups of Middle Iranian languages? What group of languages retained some similarity to Avestan? What language did the Eastern group of languages have some similarity to? What was the Achaemenid Imperial Aramaic script derived from? What script was Bactrian written using? What was the official language of the Sasanian dynasty? When was Middle Persian in use in Iran? Along with Middle Persian, Parthian and Sogdian, what language was used by the Manichaeans? What script did the Manichaeans use to write their texts? What event led to the change in the role of different dialects within the Persian Empire? What was the official language of the court? Which dynasty was the first to officially adopt the new language of Dari? When did the Saffarid dynasty officially adopt the new language of Dari? What was the eastern province of Iran known as? What script remains in use in contemporary modern Persian? When did the old middle Persian script begin dwindling in usage? What script was first Latinized in the 1920s? When was the Tajik script Cyrillicized? Who Cyrillicized the Tajik script in the 1930s? Where did Arabic spread into some parts of Western Iran? What Iranian languages were displaced by Turkic languages? When did the Scythian languages become extinct in Eastern Europe? Where does Yaghnobi survive? What is the sole remnant of the once predominant Scythian languages in Eastern Europe proper? What is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What effect can proper lighting have on occupants? What is a major component of artificial lighting in buildings? What is a major component of energy consumption in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What effect can proper lighting have on occupants? What is a major component of artificial lighting in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? When was fluorescent lighting first available at the World's Fair? What type of lighting is often mounted into the ceiling structure to appear flush with it? When was fire first kindled in the caves of Peking Man? What types of animals were used as fuel for oil lamps? What were the earliest forms of artificial lighting? How long ago were primitive oil lamps found in France? What type of light was powered by electricity? When was gas lighting economical enough to power street lights in major cities? What type of crime was reduced by more street lights? What type of fixtures come in a wide variety of styles for various functions? What is one of the most important functions of a light fixture? What is the amount of usable light emanating from the fixture per used energy? What is the color temperature of daylight? What type of bulb has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin? What is the appearance of a high color temperature lamp? What is the color temperature of an incandescent bulb? What type of light is produced by the fixture? Who invented track lighting? What is the name of the transformer that feeds all of the fixtures on the track or rod? What is a modified version of track lighting? How many volts does a master transformer use? What is an uplight intended for ambient lighting? What is the most common fixture in homes and offices? What type of lighting is the desk lamp? In what type of nightclub would an illuminated ceiling be considered general lighting? What was once popular in the 1960s and 1970s but fell out of favor after the 1980s? What type of lighting is used in a dark nightclub? What are the steps in the aisles marked with? What type of lights are replacing the low wattage low voltage lamps in a movie theater? What type of tube is being replaced with LED lights in movie theaters? What are used to light roadways and walkways at night? What type of luminaires are being designed to provide an energy-efficient alternative to traditional street light fixtures? What type of light can be used to illuminate outdoor playing fields or work zones? What type of lighting can be used along roadways in urban areas? What type of lights can be used outside to illuminate and signal the entrance to a property? What color are the tail lights on a car? What color do headlamps typically use? When did automakers begin to use electroluminescent technology to backlight their cars' speedometers and other gauges? What color are headlamps? What do flashing lights on the front, side, and rear indicate? What are lamps commonly called? What does a light bulb convert into electromagnetic radiation? What is the wattage of an incandescent light bulb? How much light does a 15-watt compact fluorescent lamp produce? What is lighting design as it applies to the built environment known as? What is the term for lighting design as it applies to the built environment? What software allows an Architect to quickly undertake complex calculations to review the benefit of a particular design? What type of data are used to provide an acceptable lighting design? What calculation takes into account the amount of daylight received in an internal space? What type of paint absorbs light? What type of paint absorbs light and makes the room appear smaller? What type of studies are used to simulate lighting designs for projects before they are built or renovated? What is used to help the lighting operator control the lights? What type of lighting is used in motion picture and television production? What is the basic SI unit of measurement? What is the SI unit for luminance per square metre? What is the CGS unit of luminance? How is the amount of useful light emitted from a source measured? What is the standardized model of human visual brightness perception? What is the SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance? What is the UGRR? What metric is used to determine the apparent warmth or coolness of light emitted by a source? What is an indication of a light source's ability to make objects appear natural? What is the color rendering index? What is the metric used to determine the color temperature of a light source? What is the name of the metric that shows the relative separation of object colors illuminated by a light source? What is the name of the metric that shows the separation of object colors illuminated by a light source? What is the name of the metric that shows the relative separation of object colors illuminated by a light source? What dosimeters measure exposure to something in the environment? What is the name of the personal circadian light meter? What is the name of the device that measures the amount of light entering the eye? How long can the Daysimeter collect data for? What type of light stimulates the circadian system? What is the basic concept of deciding how much illumination is required for a given task? What system helps to reduce energy usage and cost? What type of standards are many newer control systems using? What is an example of a wireless mesh open standard? What is one benefit of using ZigBee? What can control lighting whenever someone is within the area being scanned? What do passive infrared sensors react to? What type of sensor can see around obstructions? What happens to the lights when motion can no longer be detected? What is the oldest method of interior lighting? Why aren't daylighting schemes popular among most buildings? What are light emitting diodes? What principles are used to control the light emission of LEDs? What type of lighting can cause headaches? What is an example of a disease that is caused by the disruption of the circadian system? How many hours of light-dark pattern does the human circadian system follow? What is disrupted when the human circadian system is disrupted? Who documented the study? How many negative evaluative comments were there in nurses' comments in the study? How many negative evaluative comments were there in nurses' comments in the study? Where is Alison Jing Xu an assistant professor of management? What university did Aparna Labroo work for? Who created a method where kerosene could be distilled from petroleum? When did Dr. Abraham Gesner come up with a method to make kerosene from petroleum? What type of fuel had been used for lighting since the 1820s? What type of lamp contains mercury? Why should you take care when selecting a CFL? How much power does LED lamps use compared to incandescent bulbs? How long does an LED bulb last? How long does an LED bulb last? How much more power does halogen lamps use compared to standard incandescent lamps? What is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings? What type of lighting can cause safety issues around buildings? What can be used if natural light is not present? What is a critical part of the battlefield conditions? What type of cameras are used in modern warfare? What can be used by the military to mark positions? What weapons have eliminated the need for flares? What is the name of the organization that defines color and lighting? Who publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments? Along with ANSI, what organization publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments? What does photometric data for lighting equipment define? What is the name of the organization that focuses on the advancement of lighting design education? What is the name of the organization that promotes Architectural Lighting Design? What was the PLDA formerly known as? What is the name of the organization that offers the Lighting Certification Examination? Who offers the Lighting Certification Examination? What is the abbreviation for Lighting Certified? What are the other two national examinations in the lighting industry? What is the name of the trade organization that represents 500+ individual and corporate members? Where is PLASA based? How many members does PLASA have? What does RoHS stand for? What political doctrine originated in Montesquieu's writings? How many separate branches of government did Montesquieu want to have? What did Montesquieu influence? What is the United States form of separation of powers associated with? What is the name of the political doctrine that Montesquieu proposed? Who advocated the principle in their writings? Which philosopher strongly opposed the separation of power principle? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? What did Montesquieu's writings influence? Who advocated the principle in their writings? Which philosopher strongly opposed the separation of power principle? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? What was the supreme lawmaking authority in the UK? What is the Westminster system based on? What did the southern US states keep the branches of government separate from? What country's political structure served as a model for the US Constitution? What court did the President of Delaware serve on? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? In what case did the Supreme Court hold that Congress could not delegate a line-item veto to the President? When was Clinton v. City of New York decided? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What doctrine states that Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency? In what case did the Supreme Court hold that Congress could not delegate a line-item veto to the President? When was Clinton v. City of New York decided? What was one of the earliest cases involving the limits of non-delegation? When was Wayman v. Southard decided? Who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in Wayman v. Southard? What was it contended that Congress had unconstitutionally clothed with legislative powers? What was one of the earliest cases involving the limits of non-delegation? Who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in Wayman v. Southard? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? What was the name of the agency created by the Supreme Court in the 1930s? When was A.L. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States decided? When was A.L. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States decided? What was the name of the case that held that Congress could not authorize the president to formulate codes of "fair competition"? What two military branches does the president have power over? Who can terminate appointments to office by impeachment? What can Congress do to a president to terminate appointments? What type of oversight does the Federal Trade Commission have? What power is vested, with exceptions and qualifications, in the President? Who is the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy? What can Congress do to a president to terminate appointments? Who may terminate appointments, by impeachment, and restrict the president? What is the purpose of legislation to restrain executive officials? What was the name of the 1983 Supreme Court case? When was INS v. Chadha decided? How much of a majority is needed to override Executive vetos? What is the power to decide cases and controversies? Who appoints judges? Who advises the president on the appointment of judges? What are courts that exercise judicial power called? What is the power to decide cases and controversies? Who appoints the judges? Who must advise and consent to the appointment of judges? What type of courts may not exercise the judicial power of the United States? What type of power do legislative courts not have? Who is the president of the Senate? Who exercises a check over Congress through his power to veto bills? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who appoints judges with the Senate's advice and consent? Who appoints judges with the Senate's advice and consent? Who is the civilian Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States? Who is explicitly granted the power to declare war? What body must confirm all Generals and Admirals appointed by the president before they can assume their office? What branch of government can be checked through judicial review? What case established a precedent for judicial review? What is the only court that may determine constitutionality? Who has the power to set the jurisdiction of the courts? What is the only constitutional limit on Congress' power to set the jurisdiction of the judiciary? Who presides in the Senate during a president's impeachment trial? Who wrote Federalist 51? What was the name of the document that James Madison wrote regarding the ability of each branch to defend itself from actions by others? Which branch of government has had the most power during the 20th century? How many bills did George Washington veto? How many bills did James Monroe veto? How many bills did Jackson veto during his two terms in office? Who was the first president to use the veto as a political weapon? How many times did Congress override Johnson's vetoes? What act attempted to curb the power of the presidency? Who was the first Democratic President after Johnson? Who was the first Democratic President after Johnson? Who introduced a "Court Packing" plan? Who granted Franklin Roosevelt sweeping authority during the Great Depression? What did Richard Nixon use as a basis for his expansion of power? What is the term for the checks and balances that apply to the Judicial branch as well as other branches? Who holds the powers to regulate attorneys and judges? Who may set rules for procedures in Florida courts? Who may set rules for procedures in Florida courts? What is the term for the material form of buildings? What is the Latin word for architecture? What is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings? What are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art? What are historical civilizations often identified with? What language is architectura derived from? What is the Greek word for "architect"? What is the product of planning, designing, and constructing? What are architectural works often perceived as? What civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements? What is the name of the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who wrote De architectura? When was De architectura written? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas? What is the name of the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who wrote De architectura? What type of architect was Vitruvius? What are the three principles of architecture? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas? When was the notion of style in the arts developed? Who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects? Along with Italian, French, Spanish and English, what language was Vasari's Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects translated into? What type of architect should strive to fulfill each of the three attributes? Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria? What was the Golden mean? What did Alberti call the rules of proportion? When was the notion of style in the arts developed? Who wrote Contrasts? When was Contrasts written? What was the title of Pugin's 1836 book? When was Contrasts written? What type of world did Pugin think was the only true form of architecture? What type of architecture did Pugin believe was the only true Christian form of architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? What was John Ruskin's profession? When was Seven Lamps of Architecture published? What did John Ruskin think the sight of architecture contributed to a man's mental health, power, and pleasure? What did Ruskin say a building is not a work of architecture unless it is "adorned"? What was of overriding significance for Ruskin? What is a building not a work of architecture unless it is in some way "adorned"? What did Ruskin require in a building? What century was Le Corbusier from? Who wrote about the difference between the ideals of architecture and mere construction? What type of architect is Le Corbusier? What century was Le Corbusier from? What did Le Corbusier say about the difference between architecture and construction? What did Le Corbusier say about the difference between architecture and construction? What concept was introduced in place of Vitruvius' "utility"? Along with practical and aesthetic considerations, what other criteria were included in the concept of function? Who introduced the concept of "function" in place of "utility"? What did the concept of function encompass? What was the reaction to the idea that structural and aesthetic considerations should be entirely subject to functionality? Along with rationalism, empiricism, structuralism and poststructuralism, what philosophy has influenced modern architects? What philosophies have influenced modern architects? What type of architecture has rationalism, empiricism, structuralism and poststructuralism influenced? What is one of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects? When was the concept of sustainability added to the compass? What concept was added to the compass of structure and function in the late 20th century? What is the term for the way a building should be constructed to satisfy the contemporary ethos? What type of power sources are used for heating, cooling, water and waste management and lighting? What are some of the needs that building evolved out of? What is the name given to the most formalized and respected versions of the craft of building? What is the most formalized and respected version of building? What is the name given to the most formalized and respected versions of the craft of building? What is one way that building evolved out of needs and means? What makes up most of the built world that people experience every day? What caused the expansion of urbanization? What is the process of architectural success generally assumed to be? What type of architecture continues to be produced in many parts of the world? What type of settlement was most common in early human settlements? What type of area grew and evolved very rapidly in some cases? How did urban areas evolve? Along with Egypt, what ancient civilization used monumentality in architecture? Along with Egypt, what ancient civilization used monumentality in architecture? What did ancient civilizations engage with? What type of power did ancient cultures use monumentality to represent? What was the name of the Chinese writing on architecture from the 7th-5th centuries BCE? Where was Kao Gong Ji from? When was Kao Gong Ji written? What is the name of the Sri Lankan writing on architecture? What is the name of the ancient Indian writings on architecture? What type of religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What type of architecture showed great regional diversity? When did Hindu temple architecture develop? What is Hindu temple architecture concerned with expressing? What concepts govern Hindu temple architecture? What religion showed great regional diversity? What type of religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What type of architecture was influenced by the pointed arch? When did Islamic architecture begin? What ancient architectural forms did Islamic architecture incorporate? Along with religious and social needs, what needs did Islamic architecture cater to? What type of arch was used to influence European architecture of the Medieval period? What were the major architectural undertakings? What were the major architectural undertakings? Who carried architectural knowledge across Europe? What type of style was Romanesque and Gothic? What is one of the pan-European styles? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? When did the revival of Classical learning begin in Renaissance Europe? When did the revival of Classical learning begin in Renaissance Europe? In what continent was the revival of Classical learning accompanied by the development of Renaissance Humanism? During what period was there a revival of Classical learning in Europe? What did Renaissance Humanism place more emphasis on in society? What were some of the related vocations in Renaissance Europe? Along with functional, technical, social, environmental, and aesthetic considerations, what is another consideration of architecture? Along with form, space and ambience, what is an example of a consideration in architecture? What type of aspects of realizing buildings and structures include scheduling, cost estimation and construction administration? Who stated that architecture goes beyond the functional aspects of human sciences? What dimension of architecture goes beyond the functional aspects? What does architecture stimulate and influence? What does architecture stimulate and influence without presuming that it will promote? What does architecture have in common with other human sciences? What is the meaning of formalism? What does formalism degrades form into a mere instrumentality? What degrades form into a mere instrumentality? From what did the architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations evolve? What type of building types emerged from the architecture of the Classical civilizations? From what type of ideals did the architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations evolve? What type of style developed in the form of the Classical orders? How long have texts on architecture been written? What type of advice did ancient texts provide? What is another term for formal prescriptions? When were Vitruvius' writings written? What type of architecture is an early example of canonic architecture? What were formed by craftsmen to organise their trades? What type of contracts have survived? What type of buildings have written contracts survived? What is another name for a master mason? Along with proportions and structure, what aspect of buildings was affected by science and engineering? What type of artist was able to design a bridge? What two fields began to separate in the 19th century? What aspect of building design did the "gentleman architect" focus on? What type of architect usually dealt with wealthy clients? What was the main focus of formal architectural training in the 19th century? Where did effective architects receive their training? What did the Industrial Revolution open the door to? What type of products became cheaper under machine production? What became a criterion for the middle class? Along with pattern books and architectural journals, where could house builders find architectural design features? What type of design could house builders use in their work? When was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? What type of architecture was the Deutscher Werkbund a precursor to? When was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? What was the goal of the Deutscher Werkbund? Where was the Bauhaus school founded? What was modern architecture first practiced as? Who did modernist architects focus on meeting the needs of? What order was declining after World War I? What type of details did modernist architects use instead of ornament? What did modernist architects remove from buildings? What architect developed Organic architecture? What is an example of Organic architecture? What is the goal of Organic architecture? What was the new means and methods made possible by? What type of construction gave birth to high-rise superstructures? What was the name of the style that Modernism morphed into by mid-century? What was the name of the skyscraper designed by Minoru Yamasaki? Who designed the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center? What did many architects feel modernism was devoid of? Who were some of the second generation of architects that tried to expand the aesthetics of modernism? What was Brutalism made out of? What generation critiqued modernism and Brutalism for being too austere? What is the school of metaphoric architecture? What are two examples of metaphoric architecture? What is the primary source of inspiration and design for the school of metaphoric architecture? What type of architecture is the school of metaphoric architecture considered to be a part of? When did architectural phenomenology emerge as an important movement? What was the early reaction to modernism? What was the goal of contemporary architecture? Who defined postmodern architecture as a "decorated shed"? What is another term for "ducks"? When did the complexity of buildings begin to increase? How many people are involved in the design of a large structure? What two styles of architecture have been criticised by some members of the architectural profession? What has become a mainstream issue? What has changed architecture schools to focus more on? Who pioneered Sustainability in architecture? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture in the 1960s? What organization is responsible for the LEED rating system? What recent movements promote a sustainable approach towards construction? What type of architecture leans against solitary housing estates and suburban sprawl? Along with smart growth, architectural tradition and classical design, what type of design is a part of New Urbanism? What type of architecture is modernist? What are the four indicators used to rank countries? How long is the education period in a country? Who developed the HDI? Who published the HDI? How long is the education period in a country? When was the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index introduced? What is the name of the index that accounts for inequality? What does the IHDI measure? What can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development? When was the HDI created? Who initially opposed the creation of the HDI? What did the HDI aim to shift the focus of development economics to? When was the HDI created? What is the life expectancy at birth? What does MYS stand for? What does EYS stand for? What does GNIpc stand for? What is a raw variable that is transformed into a unit-free index between 0 and 1? When was the 2015 Human Development Report released? What year was the 2015 Human Development Report released? When was the 2014 Human Development Report released? What year was the 2014 Human Development Report released? What is the IHDI? What is the IHDI? What country has a missing IHDI? What does HDI stand for? Why were some countries not included in the 2014 report? What country was not included in the 2014 report? When was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What year was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What is the IHDI? Which country has a missing IHDI? Which country has a missing IHDI? When was the Human Development Report released? Which country has a missing IHDI? Which country has a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2011 report? What country was not included in the 2011 report? When was the 2010 Human Development Report released? When was the Human Development Report released? What are the three basic dimensions of human development? Which country has a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2010 report? What country lodged a formal protest at its lack of inclusion in the 2010 report? What is Cuba's ranking in the 2010 UNDP report? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? What was the title of the 2009 Human Development Report? What was the new category of countries in the 2009 Human Development Report? What type of countries are considered to be very high human development? What was one of the reasons some countries were not included? What was the name of the new index released on December 18, 2008? What was not included in the statistical update? When was the statistical update published? When was the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 launched? What was the focus of the Human Development Report for 2007/2008? When was the last HDI for which data were used for the report? When was the last HDI for which data were used for the report? Where was the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 launched? What type of countries saw a decrease in HDI? What is the HDI below which country is considered low development? Where are all 22 countries in the low development category located? Where does Gabon and South Africa rank in terms of HDI? Where does South Africa rank in HDI? What are the highest scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What is the HDI for "high development"? Which country was promoted to high development from medium development? Which country was promoted to high development from medium development? What type of arrows represent a decrease in ranking? What type of arrows represent an increase in ranking over the previous study? What is the name of the nation that did not move in the rankings since the previous study? Which country has been ranked the highest 12 times? Which country has been ranked highest twice? What is the focus of the Human Development Index? What type of models of development does the Human Development Index fail to include? What type of perspective does the Human Development Index lack? What type of bias has the Human Development Index been criticized for? How many sources of data error were identified? When did the UNDP update thresholds to classify nations as low, medium and high human development countries? What magazine did the Human Development Report Office respond to in 2011? How many economies were enumerated by the UNDP HDI for 2009? How many countries were included in the 2010 HDI? What is another name for southern Europe? What peninsula is Spain and Portugal located on? What is another name for the Balkan countries? What country is in the southern part of Europe? Along with political, economic, and cultural attributes, what else can be used to define southern Europe? Along with geography, climate, and flora, what natural feature defines southern Europe? What is the most emblematic climate of Southern Europe? Along with the Western and Southern coastal regions, what region of Turkey is part of the Mediterranean climate? What type of vegetation does the Mediterranean climate have? Which two countries in Southern Europe have mountain ranges with a cooler climate? Which coast of Spain has a wetter Atlantic climate? What type of climate does the north coast of Spain have? What is one of the phytochoria? Who recognized the phytochoria of the Mediterranean Region? What is the period known as the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece? What type of states rose in Ancient Greece? Who was the ruler of the empire of Alexander the Great? Where was the Western Roman Empire based? Where was the Eastern Roman Empire based? What was the name of the people that attacked northern Europe in AD 476? When did the Western Roman Empire fall? When was the Western Roman Empire based in Rome? What is another name for the Eastern Roman Empire? Who moved into positions of power in the remnants of the former Western Roman Empire? What did the Germanic peoples establish in the remnants of the Western Roman Empire? What was the name of the period of religiously motivated military expeditions intended to bring the Levant back into Christian rule? When was the Sack of Constantinople? Which two merchant republics became major economic powers after the Crusades? What movement worked to reconquer Iberia for Christendom? What empire did the Crusaders sack in 1204? During what era was the Black Death? What epidemic caused demographic catastrophe in Europe as the population plummeted? What state encroached steadily on former Byzantine lands in the Balkans? When did Constantinople fall? When did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? In what city did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? Along with science and theology, in what two fields did the Renaissance of knowledge challenge traditional doctrines? Along with Arabic texts, what type of knowledge was rediscovered in the Renaissance? Which two countries were involved in the Reconquista of the Reconquest? When did the Peace of Westphalia end? Which two countries were involved in the Treaty of the Pyrenees? Who invented the telescope and the thermometer? Who invented the radio? What led to the rise of colonial empires? What was the name of the exchange of resources that led to the rise of colonial empires? What was the new economy based on instead of subsistence agriculture? What was the name of the revolution that allowed a new economy based on manufacturing? When was the Age of Empire? What empire did the Balkan nations regain independence from? When was Rome captured? What is the period between 1815 and 1871 known as? When was the outbreak of World War I? When did the Allies defeat the Central Powers? What was the name of the conference that ended World War I? Who came to power in 1933? Who came to power in 1933? What was the name of the Italian leader who sought to gain control of Europe? Which Italian leader sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War? What was the name of the military alliance that the countries in the Soviet sphere of influence joined? What organization was in charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism? What did the EU have charge of? When did the Soviet Union end? When did the Soviet Union dissolve? When did Croatia join the European Union? What is the most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe? Where is Italian spoken by over 50 million people? Where is Catalan spoken? What Romance language is spoken in northwestern Spain? How many people in Spain and Gibraltar speak Spanish? What is another name for the Greek language? Where is the Greek part of Cyprus? What South Slavic language is spoken in Macedonia? What language is spoken in Bulgaria? Where is Slovene spoken? What is used as a second language in parts of Southern Europe? What other language besides English is used as a second language in Gibraltar? What is the second language of Malta? What language is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece? What is the official language of Malta? Where is the Basque Country located? What is the predominant religion in southern Europe? When was Christianity adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire? What is the predominant religion in the western half of Southern Europe? What is the name of the religion in the eastern half of Southern Europe? What is the United Nations Organization's classification of countries? What is the purpose of grouping countries or areas into specific groups? What are the sub-regions of Southern Europe? What model divides the European region? Who divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics? What is the name of the television service of the British Broadcasting Corporation? What is the name of the charter under which BBC Television operates? When did the BBC begin producing its own television programmes? When did BBC Television begin regular television broadcasts? In what country does BBC Television operate? How much of all UK viewing does the BBC television channels account for? What is the BBC's ranking as one of the world's largest television production companies? When was Britain's first television broadcast? Where was Baird Television Ltd.'s studio located? When was Britain's first television broadcast? When did Baird Television Ltd. stop broadcasting via the BBC? When was the first television broadcast? Where did the BBC begin broadcasting from in 1932? How was the BBC's 30-line broadcast carried? What made the BBC's early broadcasts obsolete? Where was the BBC's studio located in 1934? When did the BBC move to larger quarters in 16 Portland Place? Where was the BBC's converted wing located? What band was the BBC's transmitter broadcast on? How many lines did the Baird intermediate film system have? How many lines did the Marconi-EMI system have? On what days of the week did the BBC broadcast in high-definition? How long was the trial run of the Baird and Farnsworth systems? What type of camera did the Baird system use? When did the Baird system end? What was the original range of the station? In what year was RCA experimenting with a British television set? What company was experimenting with a British television set in 1938? What was RCA experimenting with in 1938? Where was the BBC antenna located? When did BBC One begin broadcasting? What was the first programme broadcast on a dedicated TV channel? What was the first major outside broadcast? When was the BBC television service suspended? What type of transmissions were the government concerned would act as a beacon to enemy aircraft homing in on London? What was one of the programs that was to be used for the war effort? What was the name of the cartoon that was the last to be transmitted on the station before it was taken off air? How long after the end of the cartoon was broadcasting suspended? How many television sets were manufactured from 1936 to 1939? Who was one of the original announcers? When did BBC Television return? Where did most of the production of the channel move to in the 1950s? What cartoon was repeated twenty minutes later? What city was covered by the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station? What was the name of the transmitting station that was opened in 1949? What type of image was transmitted on VHF? On what channel was the 405-line interlaced image transmitted? What was the BBC Television Service renamed to in 1960? What was the channel with the highest ratings for that week? What science fiction show was introduced on 23 November 1963? Where did television transmissions resume in 1946? What was the third television station in the UK? What was the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures? What caused the BBC2 channel to be put off the air? Where was the fire that put BBC2 off the air? Who hosted the launch of BBC2? What was the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in color? When did BBC One and ITV begin color broadcasts? What type of programming does BBC Two not have? Who was the first controller of BBC Two? What type of programming did Sir David Attenborough commission for BBC2? When did the Tom and Jerry cartoons first appear on BBC One? When did the BBC stop airing Tom and Jerry cartoons? How many episodes of Tom and Jerry were shown every evening on BBC One in 1967? On what network were Tom and Jerry cartoons occasionally shown? What unit did David Attenborough work for? When did the BBC Natural History Unit begin? What are some of the programmes produced by the BBC Natural History Unit? How many regions make up England's BBC One output? Which nations of the United Kingdom have been granted more autonomy from the English network? How are programmes introduced in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland? What is an example of a local event that BBC One might opt out of broadcasting to show? What is the name of the politically fuelled soap opera produced by BBC Northern Ireland? What soap opera is produced by BBC Scotland? What language is Eòrpa and Dè a-nis? produced for? What is the name of the children's show produced by BBC Scotland? What is the name of BBC Northern Ireland's talk show? What percentage of its output from independent British production companies is the BBC legally required to source? What is an example of an English-speaking show that is no longer shown on the BBC? What is an example of an Australian show that is no longer shown on the BBC? What was Ceefax? When was Ceefax introduced? What is the name of the new service that CEEFAX has been replaced with? When did the BBC announce that it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted? What was the name of the satellite that the BBC intended to transmit all of its domestic television channels from? When did the BBC postpone its plans to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted? How much was the BBC estimated to save over the next five years? What part of Europe was able to receive BBC channels free-to-air? What companies have expressed concern about the unencrypted signal leaking out? What platform was not affected by the problems? What football games were not disrupted on the Sky Digital platform? When did the BBC celebrate its fiftieth anniversary? What did the BBC release to mark its fiftieth anniversary? What was the format of the first BBC Television News bulletins? What was the first reality parenting show? Who was the head of the BBC Television department in 2006? What was the name of the new group that replaced the BBC Television department? What was one of the reasons for the restructuring of the BBC? When did the BBC begin experimenting with live streaming? When were all standard BBC television channels made available to watch online? What is the BBC's most exported television programme? How many times has Keeping Up Appearances been sold to overseas broadcasters? What is the corporation's most exported television programme? How often are viewers required to pay a television licence fee to the BBC? How are the BBC's international television channels funded? When was Television renamed to Television? Who is the head of Television? What is Television responsible for? When did BBC Japan cease operations? When did BBC Japan cease operations? What was the main focus of BBC Japan? When was Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger born? What is Schwarzenegger's German name? How many terms did Schwarzenegger serve as Governor of California? At what age did Schwarzenegger begin weight training? How many times did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Olympia contest? What was the name of the movie that Schwarzenegger starred in in in 1982? How old was Schwarzenegger when he won the Mr. Universe title? What was Schwarzenegger's nickname during his bodybuilding days? When did Schwarzenegger complete his second term as governor? What political party was Schwarzenegger? Who was the governor of California in 2003? When was Schwarzenegger sworn in for his second term? Where was Schwarzenegger born? What was Aurelia Schwarzenegger's maiden name? What was Schwarzenegger's father's occupation? What was Gustav Schwarzenegger's job in Thal? What was the name of Gustav's elder son? What was one of the highlights of Schwarzenegger's youth? What sport did Schwarzenegger play as a child? Who was the first movie Schwarzenegger saw? What did Schwarzenegger's father want him to be? Who was one of Schwarzenegger's bodybuilding idols? When did Meinhard die in a car accident? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's son? How did Gustav die? Who was Schwarzenegger's first serious girlfriend? What magazine did Schwarzenegger give an interview in 2004? What competition did Schwarzenegger compete in in 1966? What contest did Schwarzenegger win during his army service? When did Schwarzenegger make his first plane trip? Where was the NABBA Mr. Universe competition held in 1966? Who was Schwarzenegger's childhood idol? What part of Schwarzenegger's body did Bennett want him to improve on? How many times did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Universe title? Who was the owner of the health club where Schwarzenegger worked from 1966-1968? How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the U.S.? How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the US? In what city did Schwarzenegger win his first Mr. Olympia title? Who designed the original Gold's Gym logo? Who said that Schwarzenegger is the most famous immigrant in America? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's book? What college did Schwarzenegger take English classes at? What type of meditation did Schwarzenegger learn? What did Schwarzenegger reveal he was struggling with? What is the name of the annual bodybuilding competition held in honor of Schwarzenegger? How often did Schwarzenegger write a column for Muscle & Fitness and Flex? How much money did the magazines agree to donate to the Governor's fitness initiatives? What position did Schwarzenegger hold at Muscle & Fitness and Flex in 2005? What contest did he win in 1965? How many Mr. Olympia wins did he have? How long doesenegger work out every day? What contest did Schwarzenegger win in 1967? When did Schwarzenegger first attempt to win the Mr. Olympia? Who did Schwarzenegger lose to in 1969? When did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Olympia? How old was Schwarzenegger when he won the Mr. Olympia? Who did Schwarzenegger beat to win the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest? When did Schwarzenegger announce his retirement from bodybuilding? In what year did Schwarzenegger win his sixth Mr. Olympia contest? What was the name of the bodybuilding documentary that was filmed by George Butler and Robert Fiore? How long did Schwarzenegger have to prepare for the 1975 Mr. Olympia? Who starred in the film Stay Hungry? What movie was Schwarzenegger training for? How many weeks of preparation did Schwarzenegger need to win the contest? How many weeks of preparation did Schwarzenegger need to win the contest? When didenegger admit to using anabolic steroids? Who predicted Schwarzenegger's death in 1999? How much did Schwarzenegger collect in damages from Dr. Willi Heepe? What U.S. tabloid made similar predictions about Schwarzenegger's future health? What movie did Schwarzenegger play the role of Hercules in? What was Schwarzenegger's name in 'Hercules in New York'? Who directed 'The Long Goodbye'? What award did Schwarzenegger win for Stay Hungry? What was one of the reasons Schwarzenegger had to change his name? When did Schwarzenegger buy the rights to Pumping Iron? When did Schwarzenegger star in a biographical film of Jayne Mansfield? What movie did Schwarzenegger audition for? What was the name of the 1979 film Schwarzenegger starred in with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret? What was the name of the sequel to Conan the Barbarian? When was 'The Terminator' released? Who directed 'The Terminator'? Who starred in Terminator 2: Judgment Day? When was 'The Running Man' released? What was Schwarzenegger's 1988 film with Danny DeVito called? How much did Total Recall earn? What was the name of the 1992 telemovie Schwarzenegger directed? What TV show did Schwarzenegger direct an episode of in 1990? What was the highest-grossing film of 1991? Who named Schwarzenegger the "International Star of the Decade"? What was Schwarzenegger's next film? What was Schwarzenegger's last film with Ivan Reitman? How much did 'Rise of the Machines' earn? How tall was the proposed Terminator statue? What is the name of the cultural association that proposed building a Terminator statue in a park in Graz? What movie did Schwarzenegger appear in in 2005? What was the name of the comic book character that Schwarzenegger would have starred in? Who would have produced the Governator series? What was the name of the World War II action drama that Schwarzenegger was reading scripts for? Who wrote 'With Wings as Eagles'? When did Schwarzenegger's entertainment counsel announce that all movie projects were being halted? How long ago was Schwarzenegger's first leading role? What was Schwarzenegger's first co-starring role with Sylvester Stallone? What was the name of the fifth Terminator movie? When was Terminator Genisys released? When did Schwarzenegger give a speech explaining why he was a Republican? What was the name of the anti-drug music video Schwarzenegger appeared in? When did Schwarzenegger become a Republican? Who was the vice president of the United States in 1988? What wasenegger's political nickname? When did Schwarzenegger say he thought about running for governor? Who claimed that Schwarzenegger sought to end speculation that he might run for governor of California? When did Schwarzenegger announce his candidacy for Governor of California? How many debates did Schwarzenegger appear in? How much of the vote was in favor of a recall? Who was Schwarzenegger's nearest rival? How many votes did Schwarzenegger get? What was Bustamante's percentage of the vote? Who was the second foreign-born governor of California? Who said he would start a drive to recall Schwarzenegger? What was the name of the Saturday Night Live sketch in which Schwarzenegger made a joke about Democratic state politicians? When did Schwarzenegger call a special election? How many of Schwarzenegger's ballot measures were defeated in 2005? Who was Schwarzenegger's Chief of Staff? Who did Schwarzenegger run against in the 2006 elections? What city's mayor said that Schwarzenegger was "running back to the center"? What body was rumored that Schwarzenegger might run for in 2010? Who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger? Who is the father-in-law of Eunice Kennedy Shriver? What movie in 2007 featured Schwarzenegger as the president? When didenegger become a US citizen? What nationality isenegger? Who did Schwarzenegger endorse after Giuliani dropped out? Who dropped out of the presidential race on January 30, 2008? Along with the environment and economy, what was Schwarzenegger's main concern for McCain? Who named Schwarzenegger one of the worst governors in the US in 2010? What was his approval rating in December 2003? What was his approval rating when he left office? What was the name given to the allegations against Schwarzenegger? How many women came forward with allegations of sexual misconduct against Schwarzenegger? What newspaper reported on the allegations against Schwarzenegger? What did a fifth woman say Schwarzenegger tried to take off? What magazine did Schwarzenegger give an interview to in 2007? What substance did Schwarzenegger say was not a drug? Who filed a libel lawsuit against Schwarzenegger, his top aide, and his publicist in 2006? What was the name of the movie that Schwarzenegger was appearing in in 2006? What newspaper published the article in which Richardson claimed Walsh and Main libeled her? When was the death penalty abolished in Austria? Who demanded that Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship be revoked? When did Schwarzenegger sign the first cap on greenhouse gas emissions? What type of plant is allowed to release emissions into the atmosphere? By what year is the plan to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels? What region of the US is the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative in? What type of panels does Schwarzenegger use to heat his home? When did the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative take effect? What is the goal of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative? Where was the 2009 SAE World Congress held? What article of the US Constitution prevents individuals who are not natural born citizens from assuming the office of president? Who reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president? Where is Michael Dorf a law professor? What type of cards did Schwarzenegger write his goals on? How old was Schwarzenegger when he became a millionaire? Who started a bricklaying business with Schwarzenegger in 1968? When did the San Fernando earthquake occur? How much didenegger pay for the apartment building he purchased? What was the name of the chain of theme restaurants that Schwarzenegger was a founding investor in? When did Schwarzenegger sever his financial ties with Planet Hollywood? What was Planet Hollywood modeled after? What investment firm does Schwarzenegger own significant ownership in? Where is Arnold's Sports Festival held? What is the name of the movie production company that Schwarzenegger owns? Who is Fitness Publications a joint publishing venture with? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's restaurant in Santa Monica? In what city did Schwarzenegger and his wife open Schatzi On Main? What does Schatzi On Main mean in German? When did Schwarzenegger sell his restaurant? When did Schwarzenegger separate from his wife? How much money did Schwarzenegger spend on a private Gulfstream jet in 1997? When did Baker publish her memoir? What did Baker claim Schwarzenegger had little understanding of when he first met her? What was the first thing Schwarzenegger and Baker watched on television on their first date? Who was Schwarzenegger's next paramour? Where did Schwarzenegger meet Maria Shriver? When did Schwarzenegger's relationship with Maria Shriver end? Who is Maria Shriver's niece? Where did Schwarzenegger and Shriver get married? How many children did Schwarzenegger and Shriver have? Who is the physical therapist that Schwarzenegger is dating? How long did Schwarzenegger and Shriver's marriage last? Who revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than fourteen years earlier? How long did Baena work for Schwarzenegger's family? What is the name of Schwarzenegger's son with Baena? When did Schwarzenegger buy a new house for Baena and their son? Who is the attorney that Schwarzenegger consulted in his divorce case? Who has consulted an attorney, Bob Kaufman? What did Schwarzenegger's initial divorce petition not include? Who said that she had an affair with Schwarzenegger while he was in a relationship with Shriver? What was Schwarzenegger's aortic valve called? When was Schwarzenegger's heart valve replaced? What was Schwarzenegger's son's name? What didenegger break while skiing? Where wasenegger skiing on December 23, 2006? Where didenegger make an emergency landing on June 19, 2009? What is Schwarzenegger's official height? Who tried to use a tailor's tape measure on Schwarzenegger to determine how tall he was? How tall was Bob Mulholland? What is the name ofenegger's autobiography? What is the name of the chapter in Schwarzenegger's autobiography about his extramarital affair? When was Total Recall released? When did AM General produce a street-legal, civilian version of the Humvee? How many Humvee's did AM General sell in 1992? What color were the wheels on Schwarzenegger's car? How much does each of Schwarzenegger's Hummers weigh? How much did the conversion of Schwarzenegger's Hummers to burn hydrogen cost? What is the name of the hydrogen refueling plant that Schwarzenegger signed an executive order to jump-start? What government agency gave the California Hydrogen Highway Network a grant to help pay for its cost? What is the name of the foundation Arnold Schwarzenegger founded in 1995? Where were the Special Olympics held in 2007? How many schools does the Inner City Games Foundation serve? What school is the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy a part of? When was the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy founded? What position does Schwarzenegger hold at the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy? How far is Plymouth from Exeter? How many miles west-south-west of London is Plymouth? What is the name of the river that joins Plymouth Sound to the west? Where is Plymouth located? What is the name of the body of water that connects Plymouth to Cornwall? Where was the first settlement in Plymouth? What was the name of the more prosperous village before Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers depart for the New World? When was Plymouth besieged by Parliamentarians? What was the name of the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America? What is the name of the neighboring town that became a Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town? When did Plymouth achieve city status? What was the name of the World War II bombing of Plymouth? When was Plympton and Plymstock incorporated? What was the name of the urban district that was merged with the county borough of Plymouth, Devonport and East Stonehouse? How many people live in Plymouth? Where does Plymouth rank in the most populous built-up area in the UK? How many MPs represent Plymouth? What is the name of the Spanish city that is located in Plymouth? What university is located in Plymouth? What is the name of the unidentified settlement listed in Ptolemy's Geographia? Where have artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age been found? What does Tamari OSTIA mean? When did the river silted up? What does Sutton mean in Old English? When was the name Plym Mouth first mentioned? Who was the first king to give Plymouth its name? What does Plym Mouth mean? When did the French attack Plymouth? Who burned the town in 1403? When was Drake's Fort built? Where was the fleet based prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard? When was an Act of Parliament passed for further fortifying Plymouth? Who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade? Who was Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593? When did Drake engage the Spanish Armada? When did the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World? What was the name of the second English colony in what is now the United States of America? Who did Plymouth side with during the English Civil War? How many years was Plymouth besieged by the Royalists? Where did the Plymothians defeat the Royalists? When was the monarchy restored? Where were many of the Parliamentary heroes imprisoned? When did Plymouth play a small part in the Atlantic slave trade? When did Plymouth lose its pre-eminence as a trading port? When did HMNB Devonport open? What river is HMNB Devonport on the eastern bank of? How many men were employed in Plymouth Dock in 1712? How many people lived in Plymouth Dock in 1733? What parish is HMNB Devonport located in? What were Plymouth's main imports before the latter half of the 18th century? What was Plymouth Dock renamed to in 1824? What is the name of the Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth? Who designed the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel? What was the name of the famous street that was destroyed by John Foulston? Who established the Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768? What year was the Plymouth Porcelain venture established? What profession was William Cookworthy? Who was involved in the development of the Eddystone Lighthouse? How long is the Breakwater? Who designed the Breakwater? When was the Breakwater completed? When did work on the Breakwater begin? Where was the Palmerston forts built? What was one of the greatest imports to Plymouth in the latter half of the 19th century? Where is the dockyard located? Where did the Royal Navy move to during the First World War? What type of vessels did the Royal Navy use Devonport for? Where did flying boats operate from? Who operated the Sunderland flying boats in the First World War? What was the headquarters of the Western Approaches Command? How many raids were there in the Plymouth Blitz? How many civilians died in the Plymouth Blitz? How many houses were completely destroyed in the Plymouth Blitz? Who planned the redevelopment of Plymouth in 1943? How many homes were built between 1951 and 1957? How many new homes were built in Plymouth by 1964? When was the Civic Centre constructed? What grade was the Civic Centre listed by English Heritage? What was the name of the aircraft carrier refitted at Devonport Dockyard? When did the army leave the city? What Commando is based in Devonport? What was the first record of a settlement at Plymouth? When was the first record of a settlement at Plymouth? What was the name of the first settlement in Plymouth? When did Plymouth gain status as a town? When was Plymouth granted a charter by Parliament? Who was the first female member of parliament? What was the name of the constituency that Nancy Astor represented? When was Plymouth granted city status? Who was the first Lord Mayor of Plymouth? Who was Nancy Astor an active campaigner for? What was the name of the constituency that Michael Foot was elected to? What position did Michael Foot hold after being elected to Parliament? When was the Health and Safety at Work Act passed? What political party was Michael Foot a member of? Where was Michael Foot born? How many people lived in Plymouth in 1971? When was the Local Government White Paper published? What county was Plymouth lobbying for? When did Plymouth cease to be a county borough? What commission recommended that Plymouth become a unitary authority? What is the European Parliament's constituency for Plymouth? Who was the Conservative MP for Sutton and Devonport? What political party was Oliver Colvile in? What is the third constituency in the UK Parliament? How many councillors does the City of Plymouth have? How many councillors are there in the City of Plymouth? What percentage of the council is up for election each year? What city is Plymouth twinned with? When was the last time that Plymouth was twinned with the United States? Who granted Plymouth the dignity of Lord Mayor? How many councillors are there in Plymouth? Who elects the Deputy Lord Mayor of Plymouth? Who is the incumbent for 2015-16? Where is the Lord Mayor's official residence? Who gave 3 Elliot Terrace to the City of Plymouth? Where is the Civic Centre municipal office building located? When was the Civic Centre municipal office building listed? How much did the council estimate it would cost to refurbish the Civic Centre? Which river forms the county boundary between Devon and Cornwall? What is the name of the river to the east of Plymouth? What is the county boundary between Devon and Cornwall? What is the name of the natural harbour where the River Tamar and the River Plym flow? When did the unitary authority of Plymouth include the towns of Plympton and Plymstock? What is the name of the smaller estuary to the east of the city? When was the Plymouth Breakwater built? What is the name of the island in Plymouth Sound? How many square miles is the Unitary Authority of Plymouth? How many feet above Ordnance Datum is Roborough? What is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs a Site of? What type of slates can withstand the power of the sea? What type of granite is found in Plymouth? What type of slates make up the bulk of the city? Why is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs a Site of Special Scientific Interest? Where is the Hoe located? What is the name of the mass of granite that was mined and exported via Plymouth? What is the name of the rock that was brought down from Dartmoor? What is the name of the town that was quarried at West Hoe? What type of limestone can be seen in many buildings in Plymouth? When was Sir Patrick Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth published? Who wrote the Plan for Plymouth to rebuild the bomb-damaged city? What is the name of the north-south avenue that connects the railway station with the vista of Plymouth Hoe? Who led the team that developed the 'Vision for Plymouth'? How many parks are in Plymouth? What type of climate does Plymouth have? What is the annual mean temperature in Plymouth? What is the coldest month in Plymouth? How many inches of snow did Plymouth get in the winter of 2009-10? What is the warmest month in Plymouth? What type of depressions are more vigorous in autumn and winter? In what season do Atlantic depressions become more vigorous? What is the average annual rainfall in Atlantic City? When are the highest mean wind speeds in Atlantic City? Where does most of the rain fall? How many hours of sunshine does the coastal areas of South West England get each year? What area has a favoured location when the Azores High pressure area extends north-eastwards towards the UK? What was the site record high temperature in June 1976? When did the temperature reach 31.6 degrees Celsius? How many days of the year will report a maximum temperature of 25.1 degrees Celsius? What was the coldest night in January 1979? In what year did the temperature fall to −8.8 degrees Celsius? How many students attend the University of Plymouth? Where does the University of Plymouth rank among UK universities? How many people work for the University of Plymouth? What is the annual income of the University of Plymouth? When was the University of Plymouth founded? What is the name of the university that offers teacher training? What type of training does the University of St Mark & St John offer? What is the name of the art college in Plymouth? How many students attend the City College Plymouth? How many years ago was the Plymouth College of Art started? How many independent colleges of art and design are there in the UK? How many large colleges are in Plymouth? How many state secondary schools are in Plymouth? How many state secondary schools are in Plymouth? How many selective state grammar schools are in Plymouth? What is the name of the independent school in Plymouth? What is the name of the selective state grammar school? What engineering college opened in Keyham in 1880? When did the Royal Naval Engineering College close? What was the new name of the Royal Naval Engineering College? When did the Royal Naval Engineering College close? Where was the Royal Naval Engineering College's training transferred to after it closed? What is the name of the organization that conducts research in all areas of the marine sciences? What is the name of the foundation that the Plymouth Marine Laboratory is an offshoot of? What is the name of Plymouth University's marine institute? What is the name of the group of marine-related organizations in Plymouth? What is the name of the aquarium in Plymouth? What was the population of Plymouth in 2011? How many people lived in Plymouth in 2011? How many people lived in Plymouth in 2011? What was the average household size in 2011? What was the largest minority ethnic group in Plymouth in 2011? What percentage of Devon's GVA was in Plymouth in 2013? How much was Plymouth's gross value added in 2013? What was Plymouth's GVA per person in 2013? What was the national average GVA per person in 2013? What was Plymouth's unemployment rate in 2014? What percentage of Plymouth's population was in poverty in 2014? What was the life expectancy for men in Plymouth in 2014? What was the life expectancy for women in Plymouth in 2014? What was the life expectancy for women in Plymouth in 2014? How many people are employed in the defence sector? How many people are employed in the defence sector? When was Plymouth Gin first produced? What is the name of the distillery that produces Plymouth Gin? When was Plymouth Gin the most widely distributed gin? How much of Plymouth's income does the Dockyard generate? What is the UK's only naval base that refits nuclear submarines? How many marine and maritime businesses are in Plymouth? How many people work in the Tamar Science Park? What major employer has chosen to locate its headquarters in Plymouth? What is the name of the market that was completed in 1959? When was the Pannier Market completed? Where does Plymouth rank nationally in terms of retail floorspace? What is the name of the building at the foot of the Hoe? How much did it cost to restore the Tinside Pool to its 1930s look? What is the name of the urban redevelopment project in Plymouth? Who is the architect of the "Vision for Plymouth" project? Who is backing the "Vision for Plymouth" project? How many dwellings will the "Vision for Plymouth" build? How many dwellings will the "Vision for Plymouth" build? When was the Charles Cross car park demolished? When did the new Drake Circus Shopping Centre open? Where was TR2 built? When did TR2 win the RIBA Stirling Prize? Who said the Drake Circus Shopping Centre was ten years out of date? Where is the civic centre currently located? What is the name of the entertainment arena? What is being regenerated with mixed residential, retail and office space alongside the ferry port? What is the name of the A38 dual-carriageway within the city? How far away is the M5 motorway from Plymouth? What is the name of the bridge that connects Cornwall and Devon? What is the name of the airport in Plymouth? What is the name of the bus company that operates the park and ride service at George Junction? What is the name of the ferry service that operates from Millbay? What is the name of the ferry that takes people to France and Spain? What is the name of the ferry that takes passengers to France and Spain? What is the name of the ferry between Cremyll and Stonehouse? When did the passenger ferry between Stonehouse and Cremyll begin? What was the name of the city's airport? How many miles is Plymouth City Airport from the city centre? When does FlyPlymouth plan to reopen the city airport? What airline plans to reopen the city airport by 2018? When did Plymouth railway station open? Who manages Plymouth railway station? What is the name of the local train line that runs through Plymouth? How many MPs from the main political parties in the region have lobbied that the train services are vital to its economy? What is the name of the train network that runs through Plymouth? When did the line reopen? How much of the sea wall at Dawlish was breached? When did the line reopen? When did the line reopen? How many churches are in Plymouth? When was the Roman Catholic cathedral built? What is the largest parish church in Devon? What is St Andrew's church called? How many Methodist chapels are in Plymouth? What was the name of the man from Plymouth mentioned in Sir Francis Drake's log? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? What is the grade of the Plymouth Synagogue? What is the oldest Synagogue in the English speaking world? What percentage of the population did not state their religious belief in the 2011 census? What percentage of the population described themselves as Muslim in the 2011 census? What is the national average for people without a religion? What is the national average for people without a religion? What percentage of the population did not state their religious belief in the 2011 census? When was Union Street built? What famous actor performed at the New Palace Theatre in the 1930s? How many pubs were in Union Street in the 30s? Who would seek entertainment in Union Street? What annual event attracts tens of thousands of people across the waterfront? When was the world record for the most amount of simultaneous fireworks broken? Who broke the world record for the most amount of simultaneous fireworks? Where is Roy Lowry from? When was the Music of the Night performed? How many people can the Theatre Royal hold? How many people can be seated in the Drum Theatre? How much does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery charge for admission? How many galleries does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery have? When did the Plymouth Athenaeum have a theater? What are the main radio stations in Plymouth? What are the main radio stations in Plymouth? What are the main radio stations in Plymouth? What are the main radio stations in Plymouth? What are the main radio stations in Plymouth? What is the name of the football team in Plymouth? What is the fourth tier of English football league? What is the name of Plymouth Argyle F.C.'s home ground? What is the nickname given to the group of English non-conformists that left Plymouth for the New World in 1620? What is the name of the non-league football club in Plymouth? Where does the Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club compete? What is the name of the basketball club in Plymouth? Where does the Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club compete? What is the name of the entertainment arena in Plymouth? In what league does the Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club compete? When was the Port of Plymouth Regatta first held? When was the America's Cup World Series held in Plymouth? How many days did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series in 2011? When did South West Water take over the water supply of Plymouth? Who supplied water before South West Water? When was Drake's Leat opened? What river does Drake's Leat tap into? When was Drake's Leat completed? Who is responsible for waste management throughout the city? Who is responsible for sewerage in Plymouth? What is the name of the company that distributes electricity to Plymouth? When did the Langage Power Station start producing electricity for Plymouth? Where is the Langage Power Station? When was the Plymouth Borough Police formed? Where is the Divisional HQ of the Devon and Cornwall Constabulary? How many fire stations are in Plymouth? Where is the Royal National Lifeboat Institution's Severn class lifeboat located? What police force did the Plymouth Borough Police eventually become a part of? What is the name of the city's NHS hospital? How many miles is Derriford Hospital from the city centre? What is the name of the eye hospital in Plymouth? What is the name of the ambulance service that operates in Plymouth? Where is the headquarters of South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust? When was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? What is the name of the cemetery with crematoria and chapels? What is the name of the privately owned cemetery on the outskirts of the city? What type of plaque is set into the ground at Drake Memorial Park? When was Ford Park Cemetery established? When was the Royal Citadel built? What war was the Royal Citadel built after? When was Smeaton's Tower built? How many miles off shore is Smeaton's Tower? What war memorial was built to commemorate the defeat of the Spanish Armada? What was the original name of Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World? What is the name of the commemorative steps in Sutton Pool? How many marine species does the National Marine Aquarium display? How many listed buildings are in Plymouth? What is a well restored example of a "Palmerston's Folly"? Where is Crownhill Fort? Who owns Crownhill Fort? Where is Devonport located? How many waymarkers are on the Devonport Heritage Trail? Where are the beaches of south-east Cornwall? Which beaches are popular with visitors to Dartmoor, Tamar Valley and south-east Cornwall? What valley is often used as a base by visitors to Dartmoor, the Tamar Valley and south-east Cornwall? Who designed the Roland Levinsky building? When was the Roland Levinsky building opened? What university is the Roland Levinsky building located at? What faculty is housed in the Roland Levinsky building? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? What are people from Plymouth known as? What is another name for Plymothians? What is the Devon form of John? What is the Devon form of Cousin Jan? What was the name of the town where Sir Francis Drake was born? What was Drake's Spanish nickname? When did Sir Francis Drake die? What was the cause of Drake's death? Who was the first president of the Royal Academy? What artist lived in Plymouth from the 1960s until his death in 2002? Where did David McKee train? What type of music is John Surman known for? Who was the avant garde prepared guitarist from Plymouth? Where does Michael Foot's family live? What football player was born in Plymouth? What nationality is Chris Axworthy? Which American president did Donald Moffat play in the film The Right Stuff? What is the name of the movie in which Donald Moffat played President Bennett? What type of comedian is Dawn French?