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| A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE | |
| ========================== | |
| Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting | |
| Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see https://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands | |
| as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's | |
| principal author, although it includes many contributions from others. | |
| In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for | |
| National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see https://www.cnri.reston.va.us) | |
| in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the | |
| software. | |
| In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to | |
| BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same | |
| year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations, which became | |
| Zope Corporation. In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see | |
| https://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization | |
| created specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property. | |
| Zope Corporation was a sponsoring member of the PSF. | |
| All Python releases are Open Source (see https://opensource.org for | |
| the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python | |
| releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes | |
| the various releases. | |
| Release Derived Year Owner GPL- | |
| from compatible? (1) | |
| 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes | |
| 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes | |
| 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no | |
| 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no | |
| 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2) | |
| 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no | |
| 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes | |
| 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes | |
| 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes | |
| 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes | |
| 2.2 and above 2.1.1 2001-now PSF yes | |
| Footnotes: | |
| (1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under | |
| the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute | |
| a modified version without making your changes open source. The | |
| GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with | |
| other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't. | |
| (2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible, | |
| because its license has a choice of law clause. According to | |
| CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1 | |
| is "not incompatible" with the GPL. | |
| Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's | |
| direction to make these releases possible. | |
| B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON | |
| =============================================================== | |
| Python software and documentation are licensed under the | |
| Python Software Foundation License Version 2. | |
| Starting with Python 3.8.6, examples, recipes, and other code in | |
| the documentation are dual licensed under the PSF License Version 2 | |
| and the Zero-Clause BSD license. | |
| Some software incorporated into Python is under different licenses. | |
| The licenses are listed with code falling under that license. | |
| PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2 | |
| -------------------------------------------- | |
| 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation | |
| ("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and | |
| otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and | |
| its associated documentation. | |
| 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby | |
| grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, | |
| analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, | |
| distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version, | |
| provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, | |
| i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, | |
| 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 Python Software Foundation; | |
| All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version | |
| prepared by Licensee. | |
| 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on | |
| or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make | |
| the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then | |
| Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of | |
| the changes made to Python. | |
| 4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS" | |
| basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR | |
| IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND | |
| DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS | |
| FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT | |
| INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. | |
| 5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON | |
| FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS | |
| A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON, | |
| OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. | |
| 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material | |
| breach of its terms and conditions. | |
| 7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any | |
| relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and | |
| Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF | |
| trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote | |
| products or services of Licensee, or any third party. | |
| 8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee | |
| agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License | |
| Agreement. | |
| BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0 | |
| ------------------------------------------- | |
| BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1 | |
| 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an | |
| office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the | |
| Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using | |
| this software in source or binary form and its associated | |
| documentation ("the Software"). | |
| 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License | |
| Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, | |
| royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform | |
| and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and | |
| otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, | |
| provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the | |
| Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. | |
| 3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" | |
| basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR | |
| IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND | |
| DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS | |
| FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT | |
| INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. | |
| 4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE | |
| SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS | |
| AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY | |
| DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. | |
| 5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material | |
| breach of its terms and conditions. | |
| 6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all | |
| respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of | |
| law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to | |
| create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture | |
| between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant | |
| permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark | |
| sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any | |
| third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at | |
| http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the | |
| permissions granted on that web page. | |
| 7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee | |
| agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License | |
| Agreement. | |
| CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1 | |
| --------------------------------------- | |
| 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National | |
| Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, | |
| Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization | |
| ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in | |
| source or binary form and its associated documentation. | |
| 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI | |
| hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide | |
| license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, | |
| prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 | |
| alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's | |
| License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) | |
| 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights | |
| Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative | |
| version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License | |
| Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the | |
| quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and | |
| conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with | |
| Python 1.6.1 may be located on the internet using the following | |
| unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This | |
| Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the internet | |
| using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013". | |
| 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on | |
| or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make | |
| the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then | |
| Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of | |
| the changes made to Python 1.6.1. | |
| 4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" | |
| basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR | |
| IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND | |
| DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS | |
| FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT | |
| INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. | |
| 5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON | |
| 1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS | |
| A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, | |
| OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. | |
| 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material | |
| breach of its terms and conditions. | |
| 7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal | |
| intellectual property law of the United States, including without | |
| limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such | |
| U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of | |
| Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. | |
| Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based | |
| on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was | |
| previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the | |
| law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License | |
| Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to | |
| Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this | |
| License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of | |
| agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This | |
| License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or | |
| trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or | |
| services of Licensee, or any third party. | |
| 8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, | |
| installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be | |
| bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. | |
| ACCEPT | |
| CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2 | |
| -------------------------------------------------- | |
| Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, | |
| The Netherlands. All rights reserved. | |
| Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its | |
| documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, | |
| provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that | |
| both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in | |
| supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch | |
| Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to | |
| distribution of the software without specific, written prior | |
| permission. | |
| STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO | |
| THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND | |
| FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE | |
| FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES | |
| WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN | |
| ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT | |
| OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. | |
| ZERO-CLAUSE BSD LICENSE FOR CODE IN THE PYTHON DOCUMENTATION | |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any | |
| purpose with or without fee is hereby granted. | |
| THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH | |
| REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY | |
| AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, | |
| INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM | |
| LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR | |
| OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR | |
| PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. | |